natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
. 
The Commission considers 'that the goods can be replaced only if it is clearly established, on the one hand, that the products were not of the required quality at the time of shipment and, on the other, that the responsibility for this lies with either the contraaor or the agencies concerned'.
. 
In this case, however, the poor quality of the goods prior to shipment has already been established.
. 
The Commission has nevertheless authorized the recipient not to pay any counterpart funds for the unusable part of a consignment of milk powder.
. 4. 
4.54.
. 
The Commission's attitude may perhaps be changing.
. 
In the case of the maize granted to Mozambique, the opinion of the Commission's legal service, dated 6 February 1985, for the first time clearly adopted the principle of the Community's dirett responsibility in the event of a sub-standard delivery.
. 
Here are the main passages of this opinion: 'It would seem to have been established that the Community has not fulfilled the obligations arising from its exchange of letters with Mozambique, according to which it undertook to deliver CIF 15 000 tonnes of maize, insofar as a large part of this delivery proved to be unfit for human consumption.
. 
In view of the fact that-no fault of a kind likely to diminish or eliminate the Community's responsibility can apparently be attributed to the recipient, the Community is obliged to supply quantities equivalent to those which could not be used for human v consumption . . .. '.
. 
Thus, according to the legal service, only a fault on the part of the recipient, the co-signatory to the agreement, could, if tfie occasion were to arise, weaken the Community's responsibility.
. 
The Commission, apparently in application of this dottrine, recently decided to replace 240 t of butteroil and a consignment of sub-standard durum wheat which had been delivered to Morocco via the WFP.
. 5. 
This decision was taken without waiting for the findings of an enquiry ' intended to pinpoint responsibilities. 5.
. Fødevarehjælpen falder ind under såvel udviklings¬ politikken som den fælles landbrugspolitik og kræver stor opmærksomhed fra medlemsstaternes og Rådets side på 
Food aid concerns both development policy and the common agricultural policy and, because of its political implications, requires careful monitoring by the Member Under the agreement made with the recipient, is the 4.51 .
. 87 De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr. C 219/21 grund af sin politiske betydning. 
8. 87 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 219/21 States and the Council.
. 
The Member States, either directly, or through the Council, have arranged matters in such a way that they are involved in the procedure for managing food aid at four stages (as the budgetary authority, then by means of the annual regulation laying down the quantities, then via the food-aid committee for each allocation and, lastly, for each mobilization, via a management committee). It should, however, be possible to cut down considerably the number of stages in the procedure and the number of parties involved in each stage.
. 2. 
Taking the simplest existing procedures as a basis Triangular .operations 5.2.
. 
A triangular operation is one involving food aid that is not mobilized in Europe but in a country located, if possible, in the same geographical region as the recipient country.
. 
The sole management body and paying agency is the Directorate-General for Development, which awards the contracts or selects the bodies responsible for awarding them (e.g. NGOs or Commission delegations on the spot).
. 
The Council retains its monitoring powers through the food-aid committee.!
. 
The Directorate-General for ' Agriculture and the intervention agencies play no part, since the products sent as aid are not of EEC origin.
. 3. 
Aid in the form of oleaginous products 5.3.
. 
The intervention agencies are not involved.
. 
The Directorate-General for Agriculture awards the contracts itself, after publishing invitations to tender in the Official Journal of the Communities.
. 
The Directorate-General for Development pays the successful tenderers.
. 
The link with the common agricultural policy nevertheless remains in cases where it is stipulated, as for the 'traditional products' (cereals and milk produtts), that the goods must be procured on the European market, as is the rule, with very few exceptions.
. 
Again,, the Council retains its monitoring powers through the food-aid committee.
. 4. 
Emergency aid (Articles 950 of the budget and 137 of the Second Lomé Convention) 5.4.
. 
This aid is managed exclusively by the. Direttorate-General for Development, which designates the operators and pays for the services rendered.
. 
This aid is not subject to the approval of any committee.
. Revisionsrettens årsberetning for regnskabs¬ året 1985, pkt. 10.3). 
This procedure has frequently been used in the context of emergency plans to combat famine in Africa and has produced good results (see the annual report of the Court of Auditors for the financial year 1985, paragraph 10.3).
. 5. 
Suggestions for reform 5.5.
. 
The preceding examples suggest that it must be possible to envisage speedier procedures, which, whilst ensuring good coordination with the mechanisms of the common agricultural policy and respecting the Council's powers, will take account of the specific aims of food aid, by means of suitable monitoring.
. 6. 
5.6.
. 
Consultation of the Member States could be done on ohe single occasion.
. 
This solution, which is far more practical than the present string of consultations, would in no way alter the>. inter-institutional balance, and would require only that the principle of granting the aid and the detailed arrangements for mobilizing it be decided at one and the same time.
. 
Since 1982, the Commission has been tending to move towards the proposed solution, in that it has been staggering its aid allocation decisions according to the desired delivery periods so that these decisions come only a short time before the start of mobilization.
. 7. 
5.7.
. 
At the same time, of course, the annual questioning of the recipient countries about their aid requirements should not be allowed to take too long.
. 
The 1982 reform should also make it possible for one single consultation to be held for each country in order to discuss the quantities to be delivered and to negotiate the delivery arrangements (exact nature and characteristics of the product, delivery stage, free distribution or sale, people to benefit from the aid, exact time of the delivery, use of counterpart funds, etc.). .
. 8. 
5.8.
. 
As regards. coordination with the common agricultural policy, the essential point is the product's origin, which must as a rule be European.
. 5. Fødevarehjælpen bør holdes uden for EUGFL, garan¬ tisektionens ordning med periodiske forskud til medlems¬ staterne, som først godkendes lang tid efter, at udgiften er afholdt. 
5.9. Food aid must be exempted from the system which is a charatteristic feature of the EAGGF, Guarantee Settion, whereby the Member States are granted periodic advances which are not settled until long after expenditure has been incurred.
. 10. 
5.10.
Det ville måske endog være værd at overveje mulig¬ heden for at indføre et system, hvorefter den erhvervsdri¬ vende direkte modtager betaling fra Kommissionen, med 
It might even be useful to consider an arrangement whereby the contractor, and only the contractor, would be paid directly by the Commission, minus the refund, after
Nr. C 219/22 De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 17. 8. 
No C 219/22 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 8.
87 fradrag af restitutionsbeløbet, efter at have fremsendt bilag for varens udførsel og ankomst til bestemmelsesstedet. Den erhvervsdrivende skulle i så fald selv opkøbe varerne på EF's marked eller hos interventionsorganerne. 
87 sending in supporting documents to prove the export and arrival at destination of the goods, which he himself would have purchased on the Community market or from intervention agencies.
Den er¬ hvervsdrivende ville da være tilskyndet til selv at forsikre sig om varernes kvalitet, eftersom der ville blive indført· kvalitetskontrol ved leveringen. 
An arrangement of this kind would encourage the contractor to make his own checks on the quality of the produtts, as a quality control upon delivery would be introduced.
5.11.· Et sådant system kunne forvaltes direkte af Kom¬ missionen eller efter delegation til befuldmægtigede organer eller instanser, hvis forpligtelser bør være klart definerede. 
A system such as this could be managed directly by the Commission or delegated by the latter to agents whose obligations.would have to be clearly defined.
Disse befuldmægtigede kunne, men behøver ikke at være interventionsorganerne, som i øvrigt fortsat vil være leve¬ randører, hver gang det besluttes, at varerne skal udtages fra interventionslagrene. 
These agents could be, but would not need to be, the intervention agencies, which would still act as suppliers, moreover, each time it was decided to have recourse to intervention stocks. .
Dokumenterne skal være overensstemmende 5.12. Modtageren kender kun leveringsaftalen og skal ikke have kendskab til de permanente forordninger vedrø¬ rende tilvejebringelsen eller den særlige forordning vedrø¬ rende leveringen. 
'Ensuring the consistency of management documents 5.12. The recipient knows only what is stated in the supply agreement, and is not supposed to be acquainted with the permanent regulations regarding mobilization nor with the specific supply regulation.
Interventionsorganet og tilslagsmodtager¬ ne skal følge og anvende EF-bestemmelserne, men de har derimod ikke kendskab til leveringsaftalen, som er indgået med modtageren. 
Conversely, the intervention agency and the contractor are for their part subject to the Community regulations which they are supposed to apply, but they have no knowledge of the supply agreement made with the recipient.
Der forekommer i visse tilfælde uover¬ ensstemmelser mellem disse to kategorier af dokumenter, som udarbejdes af forskellige tjenestegrene. 
Contradictions sometimes arise between these two categories . of documents, which are drawn up by separate departments.
5.13. 
5.13. '
Den mest nærliggende løsning er ét fælles doku¬ ment, som i vidt omfang skal udgøre grundlaget for både leveringsaftalen og tilvejebringelsesforordningen. 
The obvious solution is to move towards a single document consisting of a very broad common segment of the supply agreement and the mobilization regulation.
5.14. 
5.14..
En af de største hindringer for et sådant forslag er i virkeligheden, at visse af de bestem¬ melser, der findes i tilvejebringelsesforordningen, endnu ikke er fastsat på det tidspunkt, hvor leveringsaftalen indgås. 
One of the chief obstacles at present standing in the way of a proposal of this kind is that some of the provisions that are laid down in the mobilization regulation have . not yet been determined at the time when the supply agreement is made.
Men denne hindring ville forsvinde, hvis de enkelte led i proceduren foregik foholdsvis hurtigt efter hinanden, eller samtidig. 
But this obstacle would be eliminated if these operations were closer to each other or were even concomitant.
Bedre afgrænsning af kontrol og ansvarsområder Det er påkrævet, at gennemførelsen f elgens op, uanset om der er et retligt ansvar eller ej 5.15. 
Better definition of controls and responsibilities Monitoring the execution of the operation is indispensable, regardless of whether there is any legal responsibility to do so 5.15.
Det forhold, at Kommissionen ikke har noget retligt ansvar efter det stadium, hvortil den finansierer en hjælpe¬ aktion, betyder ikke, at den kan undlade at interessere sig for, hvad der sker efter dette stadium. 
The fact that the Community has no legal responsibility for the stages subsequent to the stage up to which it finances an operation does not mean that it can dissociate itself from what happens after this stage.
Lige så vel som Fællesskabet i forbindelse med et udviklingsprojekt forplig¬ ter sig til at følge gennemførelsen op, selv længe efter at Fællesskabets finansielle eller faglige bistand er afsluttet, bør det på samme måde følge gennemførelsen af enhver fødevarehjælpeaktion indtil den endelige fordeling af hjæl¬ pen, uanset på hvilket tidspunkt dets finansiering ophører. 
Just as, in the case of a development project, the Community makes a point of monitoring its operation well after the completion of its own financial involvement or technical assistance, it ought likewise to follow up the implementation of all food-aid operations as far as the final stage of distribution, whatever the point at which its own financial involvement ceases.
Fællesskabet bør ikke finansiere hjælpetransaktioner.uden at sikre, sig, at de opfylder målsætningen. 
The Community ought not to finance aid operations without ascertaining that they achieve their objective. .
Behov for særskilt, kontrol på de 'forskellige stadier af hjælpens gennemførelse 5.16. 
Need for separate checks at the various stages of carrying out the aid operations 5.16.
Alt efter de retlige bestemmelser, som regulerer forholdet mellem Fællesskabet, modtageren og de forskelli¬ ge øvrige-parter, kan ansvarsområderne variere noget. Behovet for kontrol er imidlertid det samme, idet det beror på de fysiske risici, som ladningen er udsat for under de forskellige stadier (transport, oplagring, håndtering) og den risiko for svig, der er forbundet med enhver ydelse, uanset hvem der præsterer den. 
Depending on the nature of the legal provisions governing the relations between the Community, the recipient and the various operators involved in the aid operation, the respective responsibilities may be differently defined, but the need for checks remains the same, because it is connetted with the physical risks which the goods run during this or that phase (transport, storage, handling) and with the risks of fraud associated with the carrying out of each service, whoever the person providing the services is.
Uanset på hvilken måde ansvars¬ områderne afgrænses, er etaperne i en fødevarehjælpeak¬ tion altid de samme, nemlig fremstilling af varen, lastning, losning og ankomst til bestemmelsesstedet. 
Whatever the system for defining the responsibilities, the stages are always the same: manufaaure of the product, shipment, unloading, arrival at destination.
I samtlige tilfæl¬ de er det på disse forskellige stadier, at der bør foretages kontrol. 
In all cases, checks have to be made at these different stages.
Kontrollen ved lastningen, som er helt uundvær¬ lig, bør omfatte samtlige fysiske egenskaber ved leverancen '(mængde, kvalitet og emballage). 
As regards the checks carried out at the moment of unloading, which are absolutely indispensable, they should relate to all the supply's physical features (quantity, quality, packaging).
Fællesskabet bør ikke blot stille krav om en sådan kontrol, men bør også finan¬ siere den og sikre sig, at den foretages og er effektiv. 
The Community should not only stipulate these checks, but should also finance them and ensure that they are carried out and that they are effettive.
Det skal bemærkes, at visse former for national fødevarehjælp underkastes kontrol såvel ved lastning som losning og gøres til gestand for en officiel kontradiktorisk modtagelsesproce¬ dure ved ankomsten til bestemmelsesstedet. De involverede parter underrettes af de stedlige ambassader eller konsulta¬ ter om losning og ankomst til bestemmelsesstedet. ' 
It should be noted that some national aid is checked twice, at shipment and at unloading, and also goes through an official taking-delivery procedure, involving all the parties, upon arrival at its destination, the various parties being notified at the place ' of unloading and at destination by the diplomatic missions on the spot.
Oden en afgrænsning af ansvarsområderne tjener selv den bedste kontrol ikke noget formal 5.17. 
Without precise definition of responsibilities, the best checks are useless 5.17.
Beviset for, at en leverance er mangelfuld, har ingen værdi, hvis modtageren ikke råder over retlige midler til at gøre sit krav gældende over for forsikringsselskabet, tilslagsmodta¬ geren, interventionsorganet eller selve Fællesskabet. 
For example, proof that a delivery is sub-standard or otherwise unacceptable does not have any effect if the aggrieved party does not have the legal means to press his claim against the insurance company, the contractor, the intervention agency or even the Community.
De allerede omtalte eksemplar viser, at den nuværende ordning ikke altid yder denne retlige beskyttelse. 17. 
The examples given earlier in this report prove that the present system does not always offer this legal sort of protection. 17.
8. 87 De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr. C 219/23 Der skal indgås flere aftaler med pligt til at opnå et bestemt resultat · 5.18. 
8. 87 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 219/23 Awarding more contracts with an obligation to achieve a result 5.18.
Hver gang det forekommer muligt, bør tilslagsmod¬ tagerne være forpligtet til at opnå et bestemt resultat uden mulighed for at omgå denne forpligtelse, f.eks. ved uberet¬ tiget påberåbelse af force majeure eller ved enhver prisfor¬ højelse i form af ekstra udgifter, der ikke var omfattet af aftalen. 
Whenever it seems possible, tenderers to whom food ' aid contracts are awarded should be required to accept a firm obligation to achieve a result, without any loopholes, such as "undue recourse to force majeure, and any price increases such as additional expenditure not provided for in the contratt.
Tilslagsmodtageren bør derfor tegne en forsikring, der gør det muligt for ham at opfylde denne forpligtelse til at opnå et bestemt resultat, og i givet fald gøre den gældende. 
To this end, the successful tenderer should take out and implement insurance policies that enable him to honour this obligation to achieve a result.
Målet må være, at man så ofte som muligt træffer aftale med én person eller ét organ, der har ansvaret for gennemførelsen af hjælpeaktionen fra tilvejebringelsen af, varen indtil dens levering på bestemmelsesstedet. 
In as many cases as possible, the aim should be to deal with one single contractor who would be responsible for carrying out the aid operation from the supply of the product up to its delivery to the place of destination.
At der er én ansvarlig, udelukker ikke, at der anvendes underlevean-dører, på betingelse af at dette udelukkende får retlige virkninger mellem tilslagsmodtageren og underleverandø¬ rerne. 
Dealing with a single contractor does not rule out subcontracting quite the contrary in fact provided that the legal · relationship in subcontratting contraas is only between the main contractor and his subcontractors.
Denne løsning vil betyde en beskeden forøgelse af de omkostninger, der direkte afholdes af Fællesskabet, men vil . til gengæld gøre det muligt at spare de forskellige former for mellemliggende kontrol og især øge mulighederne for en forsvarlig gennemførelse, hvilket i sig selv er kilde til besparelser. 
This solution would entail a slight increase in the dirett costs borne by the Community, but would enable it to save on intermediate checks and, above all, it would increase the likelihood of the operation being carried out well in the end, which is in itself a saving.
Når et land modtager hjælp, som kun finansie¬ res på fob-vilkår, løber det under alle omstændigheder visse risici. 
In any case, when a country receives aid financed only up to the FOB stage, it runs some risks.
Dette forudsætter således, at landet har mulighed for at påtage sig det fulde ansvar fra den europæiske havn. 
This therefore supposes that it is in a position to bear all the responsibilities from the European port onwards.
Den foreslåede løsning har med andre ord to fordele; der vil kun skulle indgås én aftale pr. hjælpeaktion, og tilslagsmodta¬ geren vil bære det fulde ansvar, indtil de ydelser, der finansieres i forbindelse med den pågældende aftale, er præsteret. 5.20. 
In short, the proposed solution would have two advantages: it would require only one contratt per aid operation; it would keep the successful tenderer in the position of being wholly responsible until the moment the services financed under his contratt were all completed. ' should be permissible to split the operation into as many contracts as necessary.
Kommissionen bør i så fald sikre en effektiv opfølgning af sådanne aktioner, hvor behovet for koordinering og direkte indgripen nødvendigvis er større. 
The Commission ought then to cater efficiently for the monitoring of those operations where the need for coordination and direct involvement is, in the nature of things, greatest.
Der bør indføres en kontradiktorisk modtagelsesprocedure som betingelse for betaling af tilslagsmodtageren 5.21. 
Setting up a taking-delivery procedure involving all parties to the agreement as a condition for paying the contractor 5.21.
Der findes. ingen antagelig grund til, at fødevare¬ hjælpen, som er en form for .leverance blandt mange, holdes uden for den procedure, som Fællesskabet har indført for de øvrige områder af dens finansielle virksom¬ hed. 
There is no valid reason why food aid, which is a supply like any other, should be exempt from a procedure . which the Community has laid down for other areas of its financial involvement.
Således bestemmes det f.eks. i de almindelige regler for indkaldelse af bud i forbindelse med indgåelse af leverings¬ aftaler, at der skal finde en modtagelse sted, sædvanligvis på bestemmelsesstedet. 
Thus, for example, the 'General clauses for invitations to tender concerning supply contracts' provide for a taking-delivery procedure, which is generally carried out at the place of destination.
Kommissionen kan være repræsen¬ teret ved modtagelsen, og der kan iværksættes økonomiske sanktioner i tilfælde af mangler ved ydelserne. Der bør ligeledes i alle tilfælde gennemføres en kontradiktorisk modtagelsesprocedure i forbindelse med fødevarehjælpeak¬ tioner på det stadium, hvor hele tilslagsmodtagerens ansvar ophører. 
The Commission can be represented at this procedure, which is backed up by financial penalties for cases where the services are not carried out properly. Similarly, food aid ought systematically to undergo a taking-delivery procedure involving all parties to the agreement and implemented at the stage as of which the successful tenderer no longer bears any responsibility.
Betalingen og frigivelsen af sikkerheden bør afhænge af den godkendelse, der gives i forbindelse med denne modtagelse. 
Payment and the release of securities should, of course, be made strictly subject to the discharge granted under this procedure.
Ændringer i forbindelse med forsikringspolicen 5.22. 
Revising the coverage of the insurance policies 5.22.
Forsikringen bør gøres så uafhængig som muligt af transportbetingelserne og andre forhold under transporten, således at den knyttes til selve varen. Strengt taget er det ladningen, som bør forsikres, og ikke transporten. 5.23. 
It would be advisable, to make the insurance as far as possible independent of the conditions and incidents of transport, and instead, preferably, to make it relate only to the product itself; to put it at its most extreme, it is the goods that should be insured, not the transporting of them.
Det er uden tvivl ikke den bedste løsning, at den sikrede er modtageren af hjælpen. 
It is probably better if the beneficiary is not the recipient of the aid.
Det ville være bedre, hvis det var tilslagsmodtageren, på betingelse af at dennes ansvar i forvejen er blevet udvidet, eller endnu bedre hvis det var Fællesskabet selv, som er den part, der har størst interesse i, at hjælpen gennemføres forsvarligt og i overensstemmelse med leveringsaftalen. 
It would be preferable for the beneficiary to be the contractor, provided that his responsibilities had previously been extended, or, better still, the Community itself, which is the party with the strongest interest in the proper implementation of the aid, under the terms of the supply agreement.