natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Ifżlge EDCD-data er overfżrsel af resistente bakterier p hospitaler og i andre sundhedsmiljżer et alvorligt problem, eftersom der i EU hvert r forekommer nžsten ni millioner infektioner erhvervet i sundhedsvžsenet. 
According to ECDC data, transmission of resistant bacteria in hospitals and other healthcare settings is a serious issue since almost nine million HAIs occur in the EU each year.
Den pgžldende undersżgelse viste, at bidraget fra forskellige antibiotikaresistente bakterier til den overordnede byrde varierer meget fra land til land. 
This study showed that the contribution of various antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the overall burden varies greatly between countries.
EDCD konstaterede i fem medlemsstater, at over halvdelen af de infektioner, der blev erhvervet p hospitaler med akutafdelinger, skyldtes resistente bakterielle patogener (jf. figur 5). 
The ECDC has identified that in five Member States, more than half of healthcare associated infections in acute care hospitals were caused by resistant bacterial pathogens (see Figure 5).
22 Fžlles videnskabelig udtalelse fra ECDC, EFSA og EMA om en liste over resultatindikatorer vedrżrende overvgning af antimikrobiel resistens og forbrug af antimikrobielle stoffer til mennesker og dyr bestemt til fżdevareproduktion, oktober 2017. 
21 22 ECDC, EFSA and EMA Joint Scientific Opinion on a list of outcome indicators as regards surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial consumption in humans and food-producing animals, October 2017.
23 Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015, A. Cassini, The Lancet, 2019. 23 
23 Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis, A. Cassini, The Lancet, January 2019.
Figur 5 - AMR i infektioner erhvervet p hospitaler med akutafdelinger ifżlge data indsamlet af ECDC I 2018 udviklede ECDC et sammensat indeks over AMR i infektioner erhvervet p hospitaler med akutafdelinger. 
Figure 5 Đ AMR in HAI from acute care hospital according to the data collected by the ECDC In 2018, ECDC developed a composite index of AMR in Healthcare Associated Infections from acute care hospitals.
Resistente isolater(%) <5 5 til <20 20 til <35 35 til <50 >=50 Ingen data Ikke opfordret til at deltage Ikke-synligelande Liechtenstein Luxembourg Malta Kilde: ECDC, 2018, udarbejdet p grundlag af Suetens C, et al. 
Resistant isolates (%) <5 5 to <20 20 to <35 35 to <50 >=50 No data Not invited Non-visiblecountries Liechtenstein Luxembourg Malta Source: ECDC, 2018; Adapted from: Suetens C, et al. Euro Surveill.
34 Rdet anbefalede allerede i sin henstilling af 9. juni 200924 medlemsstaterne at deltage i pržvalensundersżgelser og overvgning af bestemte infektionstyper og, hvor det er relevant, anvende de overvgningsmetoder og -indikatorer, der anbefales af ECDC p fžllesskabsplan. 
34 In its Recommendation of 9 June 200924 the Council already recommended Member States to engage in prevalence surveys and surveillance of targeted infection types, using where appropriate ECDC recommended surveillance methods and indicators agreed at Community level.
Overvgning af infektioner erhvervet i sundhedsvžsenet er imidlertid en kompleks og ressourcekržvende opgave, navnlig fordi den kržver patientoplysninger, som skal indsamles p hospitalsniveau. 
However, the surveillance of HAIs is a complex and resource intensive exercise, in particular because it relies on patient information that needs to be collected at the hospital level.
Den kržver ogs omfattende datavalidering. 
It also requires extensive data validation.
35 Vi konstaterede, at overvgningsdataene for EU om infektioner erhvervet i sundhedsvžsenet er ufuldstžndige. 
35 We found that HAI surveillance data for the EU is incomplete.
Deltagelsen i ECDC's overvgning25 spžnder fra seks medlemsstater, der deltager i alle fem moduler af ECDC's overvgningsnet 24 Rdets henstilling af 9. juni 2009 om patientsikkerhed, herunder forebyggelse og bekžmpelse af infektioner erhvervet i sundhedsvžsenet (2009/C 151/01). 
Involvement in ECDC surveillance25 ranges from six Member States that participate in all five modules of ECDCŐs HAI-Net surveillance network to three Member States that participate in one 24 Council Recommendation of 9 June 2009 on patient safety, including the prevention and control of healthcare associated infections (2009/C 151/01).
25 Denne overvgning blev formaliseret med Rdets henstilling af 9. juni 2009 om patientsikkerhed (2009/C 151/01). 
25 This surveillance was formalised following Council recommendations of 9 June 2009 on patient safety (2009/C 151/01).
Overvgningsdataenes ufuldstžndighed bremser sandsynligvis foranstaltningerne mod AMR. 
The incompleteness of the surveillance data is likely to slow down actions against AMR.
36 Miljżet er n af sżjlerne i One Health-tilgangen til AMR sammen med menneskers sundhed og veterinžre spżrgsml. 
36 The environment is one of the pillars of the One Health approach to AMR, together with human health and veterinary issues.
Vi bemžrker, at bedre behandling af miljżets rolle er et specifikt ml under Kommissionens nuvžrende One Health-handlingsplan. 
We note that better addressing the role of the environment was a specific objective under the CommissionŐs current One Health Action Plan.
Der er kun f oplysninger vedrżrende AMR-overfżrsel via miljżet sammenlignet med sektorerne for menneskers sundhed og dyrs sundhed. 
There is little information targeting the process of transmission of AMR through the environment, when compared with human health and animal health sectors.
Miljżsektoren indgr ikke specifikt i JAMRAI-arbejdspakkerne og heller ikke i EU's forskellige overvgningssystemer vedrżrende AMR. 
The environmental sector is not specifically included in the JAMRAI Work Packages, nor under the various EU surveillance systems for AMR.
I 2019 vedtog Kommissionen en meddelelse26 om "Den Europžiske Unions strategiske tilgang til lžgemidler i miljżet", som indeholdt mlet om at identificere foranstaltninger til bekžmpelse af AMR. 
In 2019 the Commission adopted a communication26 on a ŇEuropean Union strategic approach to pharmaceuticals and the environmentÓ, which included the objective to identify actions to combat AMR.
Vi noterer os ligeledes, at en videnskabelig rapport27 udarbejdet af EFSA i 2019 foreslog overvgning af AMR i miljżet. 
We also note that a scientific report27 by EFSA from 2019 suggested the monitoring of AMR in the environment.
Den forsigtige brug af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer er blevet styrket i medlemsstaterne 37 Den overdrevne brug af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer og forekomsten af AMR i dyr og fżdevarer er vektorer i udviklingen af AMR hos mennesker og er omrder, hvor EU har klare kompetencer (jf. punkt 14). 
The prudent use of veterinary antimicrobials in the Member States has improved 37 The excessive use of veterinary antimicrobials, and AMR in animals and food, are vectors in the development of AMR in human health, and are areas where the EU has clear competences (see paragraph 14).
Vi undersżgte derfor, om der var bevis for en bedre anvendelse af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer, og om EU's regler om overvgning og indberetning af AMR i zoonotiske og kommensale bakterier blev anvendt godt i praksis. 
We therefore examined whether there was evidence that veterinary antimicrobials were better used and whether the EU rules on the monitoring and reporting of AMR in zoonotic and commensal bacteria were applied well in practice.
Vi undersżgte ogs, i hvilket omfang de nye EU-regler om veterinžrlžgemidler og foderlžgemidler adresserer svagheder. 
We also reviewed to what extent new EU rules for veterinary medicinal products and medicated feed address weaknesses.
25 26 Meddelelse fra Kommissionen til Europa-Parlamentet, Rdet og Det Europžiske Żkonomiske og Sociale Udvalg: "Den Europžiske Unions strategiske tilgang til lžgemidler i miljżet". 
23 26 Communication from the Commission COM (2019) 128 of 11.03.2019 to the European Parliament, the Council and the European Economic and Social Committee: ŇEuropean Union Strategic Approach to Pharmaceuticals in the EnvironmentÓ.
Nogle medlemsstater har anvendt vellykkede strategier til at reducere brugen af antibiotika i veterinžrmedicin 38 Forbruget af antimikrobielle stoffer til dyr bestemt til fżdevareproduktion er meget hżjere end forbruget til mennesker28, hvad enten der er tale om det samlede forbrug eller om doser i forhold til vžgt. 
Some Member States have deployed successful strategies to reduce the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine 38 The consumption of antimicrobials by food producing animals is much higher than in humans28, whether in terms of total consumption, or in terms of doses compared with weight.
EU-agenturerne har anerkendt, at et reduceret forbrug af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer er et żnskeligt ml med henblik p at begržnse AMR. 
European agencies have recognised that the reduction of the use of veterinary antimicrobials is a desirable objective to contain AMR.
Det Europžiske Lžgemiddelagentur har rapporteret, at salget af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer i forhold til det samlede antal husdyr (udtrykt i mg solgt pr. korrektionsenhed (PCU))29, faldt med 20 %30 for EU som helhed mellem 2011 og 2016, men ogs at der var store forskelle med hensyn til salg og anvendelse af forskellige klasser af antimikrobielle stoffer i EU. 
The European Medicines Agency has reported that sales of veterinary antimicrobials, in relation to total livestock (expressed as mg sold per Population Correction Unit (PCU))29 dropped by 20 %30 for the EU as a whole between 2011 and 2016; but also that there were large differences in sales and use of different classes of antimicrobials across the EU.
I seks medlemsstater faldt salget af antimikrobielle stoffer med mere end 5 %. 
In six Member States, sales of antimicrobials increased by more than 5 %.
Bilag I viser det nżjagtige salg pr. land 28 Jf. tabel 5 i den seneste JIACRA-rapport (fra 2017) om forbruget af antimikrobielle agenser og forekomsten af antimikrobiel resistens i bakterier fra mennesker og dyr bestemt til fżdevareproduktion. 
28 See Table 5 of the most recent JIACRA report (from 2017) on the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food producing animals.
29 "Korrektionsenheder" anvendes til at afspejle dyrepopulationens stżrrelse og forskellige arters vžgt. 
29 ŇPopulation Correction UnitsÓ are used to reflect the size of the animal population and weight of different species.
30 Det Europžiske Lžgemiddelagentur, "Sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 30 European countries in 2016 - Trends from 2010 to 2016", 8. ESVACS-rapport, London, 2018, s. 
30 European Medicines Agency, ŇSales of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 30 European countries in 2016 Đ Trends from 2010 to 2016Ó, Eighth ESVACS report, London, 2018, p.
26 27 Figur 6 viser, at salget af veterinžre antimikrobielle agenser, udtrykt som mg solgt pr. 
Figure 6 Đ Sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents for food producing animals vary widely across Member States Note: EMAadvisedinitsrecentESVACreportnottousedatatodirectlycomparecountries.
Salg i 2016 som mg pr. korrektionsenhed. 
2016 sales as mg per Population Correction Unit.
Kilde: Udarbejdet p grundlag af tabel 4 i den 8. ESVAC-rapport, EMA. 
Source: Adapted from Table 4 8th ESVAC report, EMA.
39 Vi besżgte de kompetente myndigheder i fire medlemsstater for at drżfte deres erfaringer med at opn en mere forsigtig brug af antimikrobielle stoffer i veterinžrmedicin. 
39 We visited the competent authorities in four Member States to discuss their experiences aimed at achieving a more prudent use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine.
Tekstboks 3 viser nogle af de gode praksis, de fulgte for at opn resultater. 
Box 3 shows some of the good practices they followed to achieve results.
Hżjest 453 Gennemsnit 129 12 Lavest 31 Jf. tabel 4 i den 8. ESVAC-rapport. 
Highest 453 Average 129 12 Lowest 25
EU's nye retlige rammer adresserede nogle kendte svagheder 40 EU's nye forordninger om veterinžrlžgemidler32 og foderlžgemidler33 vil styrke tilgangen til bekžmpelse af AMR (jf. tekstboks 4) ved at kržve mere forsigtig brug af 32 Europa-Parlamentets og Rdets forordning (EU) 2019/6 af 11. december 2018 om veterinžrlžgemidler og om ophžvelse af direktiv 2001/82/EF. 
The new EU legal framework addressed some known weaknesses 40 The new EU Regulations on veterinary medicinal products32 and medicated feed33 will strengthen the approach in fighting AMR (see Box 4), by requiring the more prudent use of antimicrobials by the Member States, and regulating the data collection 32 Regulation (EU) 2019/6 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on veterinary medicinal products and repealing Directive 2001/82/EC.
33 Europa-Parlamentets og Rdets forordning (EU) 2019/4 af 11. december 2018 om fremstilling, markedsfżring og anvendelse af foderlžgemidler, žndring af Europa-28 Tekstboks 3 Medlemsstaterne kan reducere brugen af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer Sverige har det laveste forbrug af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer i EU. 
33 Regulation (EU) 2019/4 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the manufacture, placing on the market and use of medicated feed, amending Regulation (EC) No 183/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 90/167/EEC. 26 Box 3 Member States can reduce the use of veterinary antimicrobials Sweden has the lowest rate of consumption of veterinary antimicrobials in the EU.
Fokus p dyresundhed og -velfžrd og biosikkerhed p bedrifter har bidraget hertil. 
A focus on animal health, welfare and biosecurity at farms contributed to this.
Forebyggelse af infektioner og kontrolplaner er obligatoriske for alle bedrifter, antimikrobielle stoffer er receptpligtige, og der er indsamlet nationale data om brug af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer i mange r. 
Infection prevention and control plans are mandatory for all farms, antimicrobials are used only on prescription, and national data on the use of veterinary antimicrobials has been collected for many years.
I Nederlandene, Frankrig og isžr Spanien var den historiske brug af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer hżj. 
In the Netherlands, France and especially Spain, the historic use of veterinary antimicrobials was high.
Brugen af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer blev omtrent halveret mellem 2011 og 2016 i bde Frankrig og Nederlandene. 
The use of veterinary antimicrobials in both France and the Netherlands approximately halved between 2011 and 2016.
Spanien nede en reduktion p 13 % mellem 2014 og 2016, men var stadig en af de medlemsstater, hvor forbruget af veterinžre antimikrobielle stoffer var meget hżjt. 
Although Spain achieved a reduction of 13 % between 2014 and 2016, it remained one of the Member States with a very high use of veterinary antimicrobials.
Situationen er forskellig i hvert af disse lande, men de trufne foranstaltninger omfattede fastsžttelse af specifikke nationale reduktionsml og -planer, tilrettelžggelse af et tžt samarbejde mellem landbrugere, dyrlžger og fżdevareproducenter og begržnsning af brugen af sidstevalgsantibiotika inden for landbrugssektoren. 
While the situation is different in each of these countries, the actions taken included setting specific national reduction targets and plans; organising close cooperation between farmers, veterinarians and food producers; and restricting the use of last resort antibiotics in the veterinary sector.
Et specifikt tilfžlde: betydelig reduktion af brugen af colistin i Spanien Colistin er et sidstevalgsantibiotikum, som udelukkende bżr bruges under sžrlige omstžndigheder (jf. punkt 03). 
A specific case: significant reduction in the use of colistin in Spain Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic that should only be used under specific circumstances (see paragraph 03).
I 2014 havde Spanien den hżjeste veterinžre brug af colistin i EU (37 mg/PCU). 
In 2014, Spain had the highest veterinary use of colistin in the EU (using 37 mg / PCU).
Der blev ivžrksat en handlingsplan, og de kompetente myndigheder arbejdede sammen med dyrlžger og fagfolk fra svineavlssektoren for at n til enighed om at reducere brugen af colistin. 
An action plan was launched and competent authorities worked with veterinarians and professionals representing the pig farming sector to agree on reducing the use of colistin.
Der blev fastsat et kvantitativt ml p 5 mg/PCU for en trerig periode, samtidig med at der blev indfżrt kontroller for at undg en żget anvendelse af alternative antibiotika. 
A quantitative target of 5 mg/PCU was set for a three-year period, while also putting in place controls to avoid increased use of alternative antibiotics.
Brugen af colistin faldt til 7 mg/PCU i begyndelsen af 2018 (tžt p EU-gennemsnittet). 
The use of colistin dropped to 7 mg/PCU by the start of 2018 (close to the EU average).
Kommissionens har planer om at vedtage gennemfżrelsesretsakter og delegerede retsakter for at fžrdiggżre EU's nye rammer p dette omrde senest i begyndelsen af 2022. 
framework. The Commission plans to adopt implementing and delegated acts to complete the new EU framework in this area by early 2022.
29 Tekstboks 4 Vigtige svagheder for s vidt angr AMR, som blev adresseret i EU's nye forordninger om veterinžrlžgemidler og foderlžgemidler De nye forordninger vil isžr: - forbyde forebyggende brug af antibiotika til grupper af dyr og begržnse metafylaktisk brug af antimikrobielle stoffer - styrke et eksisterende forbud mod anvendelse af antimikrobielle stoffer som vžkstfremmere i foder - forbyde forebyggende brug af antimikrobielle stoffer via foderlžgemidler - indfżre en mulighed for at sikre, at visse antimikrobielle stoffer forbeholdes behandling af mennesker - kržve, at medlemsstaterne leverer detaljerede data om salg og anvendelse af antimikrobielle stoffer, som afspejler forbruget p bedriftsplan (foruden det nuvžrende system med frivillig deltagelse, hvor der indsamles data baseret p det samlede salg) - kržve, at tredjelande overholder visse restriktioner vedrżrende deres eksport til EU (forbuddet mod anvendelse af antimikrobielle stoffer med henblik p at fremme dyrs vžkst eller żge deres ydelse og restriktionerne vedrżrende de antimikrobielle stoffer, der forbeholdes behandling af mennesker i EU). 
27 Box 4 Main weaknesses for AMR addressed in new EU Regulations for veterinary medicinal products and medicated feed The new regulations will in particular: Ń ban the preventive use of antibiotics in groups of animals, and restrict the metaphylactic use of antimicrobials; Ń reinforce an existing ban on using antimicrobials as growth promoters in feed; Ń ban the preventive use of antimicrobials through medicated feed; Ń introduce an option to reserve certain antimicrobials for human use only; Ń require Member States to deliver detailed data on sales and use of antimicrobials that reflect consumption at farm level (in addition to the current voluntary system to collect data based on total sales); Ń require third countries to comply with certain restrictions for their exports to the EU (respecting the ban on antimicrobials for promoting growth and increasing yield, and the restrictions on antimicrobials designated as reserved for human use in the EU).
41 Vi konstaterede imidlertid, at der ligger udfordringer forude for Kommissionen og medlemsstaterne i forbindelse med gennemfżrelsen af disse rammer. 
41 However, we found that there are challenges ahead for the Commission and the Member States in rolling out this framework.
Navnlig skal produktresumerne for gamle lžgemidler, herunder antimikrobielle stoffer, ajourfżres, s de fortsat kan anvendes. 
In particular, the summary of product characteristics for the use of old medicines, including antimicrobials, need to be updated so they can continue to be used.
42 Medlemsstaterne skal desuden indsamle data om salg og brug af antimikrobielle stoffer med henblik p direkte eller indirekte at evaluere brugen af sdanne produkter til dyr bestemt til fżdevareproduktion p bedriftsplan. 
42 In addition, Member States will need to collect data on the sales and use of antimicrobials, to evaluate directly or indirectly the use of such products in food producing animals at farm level.
Under vores besżg i medlemsstaterne, bemžrkede vi, at det var en stor udfordring af indsamle data p bedriftsplan. 
During our visits to the Member States, we noted that collecting farm-level data was a major challenge.
Nogle medlemsstater har mske brug for stżtte fra Kommissionen til at udvikle et dataindsamlingssystem, der opfylder de nye EU-krav. 
Some Member States may need support from the Commission to develop a data collection system to meet the new EU requirements.
P tidspunktet for revisionen var Kommissionen i fžrd med at undersżge, hvilke muligheder der er for at yde en sdan stżtte. 
At the time of the audit, the Commission was exploring options for providing such support.
43 I forslaget til en fremtidig fžlles landbrugspolitik34 angav Kommissionen, at den agtede at forbedre reaktionen fra EU's landbrug p samfundets krav til fżdevarer og sundhed, bl.a. vedrżrende antimikrobiel resistens. 
43 In the proposal for a future common agricultural policy (CAP)34 the Commission indicated that its intention was to improve the response of EU agriculture to societal demands on food and health, including on antimicrobial resistance.
Forebyggelse af AMR vil vžre et obligatoriske emne for landbrugsrdgivningstjenesterne, og de nationale myndigheder skal yde rdgivning om de landbrugspraksis, der forebygger udvikling af AMR, som fastlagt i Kommissionens One Health-handlingsplan. 
The prevention of AMR will be part of the compulsory scope of the farm advisory services, and national authorities will be required to offer advice on the farm practices preventing the development of AMR as set out in the CommissionŐs One Health Action Plan.
Overvgningen af visse resistente bakterier i fżdevarer og dyr er blevet bedre, men der er stadig mangler 44 De medlemsstater, vi besżgte, gennemfżrte kravene i den relevante afgżrelse fra Kommissionen35 om overvgning og rapportering af antimikrobiel resistens. 
Monitoring of certain resistant bacteria in food and animals has improved, but gaps remain 44 The Member States we visited implemented the requirements contained in the relevant Commission Decision35 on the monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance.
Vi noterede os, at de udfżrte yderligere overvgning, som gr videre end EU's krav. 
We noted that they performed additional surveillance going beyond the EU requirements.
Vi noterede os imidlertid ogs visse risikoomrder, som bżr overvejes i forbindelse med den planlagte revision af denne kommissionsafgżrelse, jf. tekstboks 5. 
However, we also noted certain risk areas that merit consideration in the context of the planned revision of this Commission Decision, which we summarise in Box 5.
30 34 Kommissionens forslag om regler for stżtte til strategiske planer, der udarbejdes af medlemsstaterne under den fžlles landbrugspolitik COM(2018) 392. 
28 34 Commission proposal establishing rules on support for strategic plans to be drawn up by Member States under the Common agricultural policy (CAP Strategic Plans) COM(2018) 392.
35 2013/652/EU: Kommissionens gennemfżrelsesafgżrelse af 12. november 2013 om overvgning og rapportering af antimikrobiel resistens hos zoonotiske og kommensale bakterier. 
35 2013/652/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 12 November 2013 on the monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and commensal bacteria.