natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Det særlige tilfælde med eksportlicitation for 0,9 mio. t fra det fri tyske marked fortjener således ikke den særlige opmærksomhed, som Retten giver det. 
The special measure whereby tenders were invited for the export of 0.9 million t from the German market does not therefore merit the particular attention which it has received from the Court.
Der er tale om eksport af hvede fra det tyske marked i form af en særlig interventionsforanstaltning. 
The wheat in question was to be exported from the German market as a special intervention measure.
Da interventionsreglerne er fællesskabsregler (fransk hvede kan f.eks. sælges til intervention i Tyskland) kan eksporten i form af en særlig interventionsforanstaltning ikke begrænses til korn produ¬ ceret i en medlemsstat. 
Since the intervention rules apply to the Community as a whole (French wheat may, for example, be placed in intervention storage in Germany), there is no requirement that the cereals exported under such a measure must have been produced in a particular Member State.
Under de første leverancer konstaterede Kommissionens tjenestegrene der naturligvis var særligt opmærksomme på denne operation at bestemmelserne blev søgt omgået ved at udnytte det forhold, at visse toldsteder i de tyske havne ikke krævede, at hveden overgik til forbrug i Tyskland som forudsætning for udbetaling af restitution, medens det i artikel 1 i forordningen om åbning af licitation (nr. 
When the first deliveries were made it became clear to the Commission staff (who were of course following this operation with particular interest) that some operators were trying to circumvent the rules by taking advantage of the fact that the customs authorities at certain German ports did not require the wheat to have been released for consumption in Germany before it qualified for the export refund.
212/89) fastsættes, at hveden skal eksporteres fra Tyskland. 
Article 1 of the Regulation issuing the invitation to tender (Regulation No 212/89) merely stipulated that the wheat had to be exported from Germany.
Denne fortolkningsfejl blev rettet, da problemet opstod. 
This incorrect interpretation was corrected once the problem came to light.
Kommissionen har straks understreget, i forståelse med finansministeriet og landbrugsministeriet i Bonn, at varerne fysisk skulle eksporteres fra Tyskland, og toldtje¬ nesterne i havnene er blevet underrettet i overensstemmelse hermed. 
The Commission immediately made it clear, by agreement with the Ministry of Financial Affairs and the Ministry of Agriculture in Bonn, that the wheat had to be physically exported from Germany itself and the customs authorities at the ports were informed accordingly.
For så vidt eksportørerne fortsat anmodede om særrestitu¬ tion for fransk og engelsk hvede, der kun passerede gennem tyske havne, var det normalt, at lade dem betale varernes losning. 
If operators continued to apply for the special refund in respect of French or British wheat which was merely passing through German ports, they could be required to pay the cost of unloading the goods.
Men på den anden side var det ikke juridisk muligt at nægte restitution for hvede, der eksporteredes efter losning. 
On the other hand, there was no legal basis for refusing the refund on any wheat exported after it had been unloaded.
Da losningsudgifterne mindst var af samme størrelse som »indtægten« fra restitutionen, har ekspor¬ tørerne i sidste ende ikke haft fordel af transaktionen. 
Since the unloading costs were at least as great as the 'profit' made from the refund, the operators did not gain from this ploy in the end.
For at få klarhed over retssituationen er de senere forordninger om åbning af licitation i form af særlige interventionsforanstaltninger blevet ændret [se f.eks. forordning (EØF) nr. 3950/89. EFT nr. 
To clarify the legal position the appropriate changes were made to any subsequent regulations issuing invitations to tender under a special intervention measure [see for example Regulation (EEC) No 3950/89, OJ No L 379, 28.12.1989, p.
41]. Heri fastsættes udtrykkeligt i den nye artikel 1, at kornet skal være eksporteret fra den pågælden¬ de medlemsstats marked. 
41]; the new Article 1 explicity stipulates that the cereals must be exported from the market of the Member State concerned.
På den anden side kan oprindelsen af den hvede, der er eksporteret i forbindelse med denne licitation, ikke kontrolleres på grundlag af officielle statistikker. 
The origin of the wheat exported under the tendering procedure in question cannot be verified from official statistics.
Ifølge oplysninger, som Kommissionen har fået, andrager mængden af den tyske hvede 350 000 1. 
According to the information obtained by the Commission the quantity of German wheat amounted to 350 000 1.
Denne angivelse er blevet bekræftet af landbrugsministeriet i Bonn på grundlag af deres egen vurdering af de hvedeoverskud, der er blevet frigivet, og således ikke er blevet tilbudt til intervention. 
This figure was confirmed by the Ministry of Agriculture in Bonn on the basis of its own assessment of the available wheat surpluses which had not been offered for intervention.
31. 5. 90 De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr. C 133/47 En samlet eksporteret mængde på 845 000 1 er blevet accepteret under licitationen. 
31. 5. 90 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 133/47 A total of 845 000 t was exported under the measure in question.
Størstedelen af de første 500 000 1, der eksporteredes fra tyske havne, har tilsynela¬ dende været fransk hvede (ca. 80 %) og engelsk hvede (ca. 20 %). 
The bulk of the first 500 000 t exported from German ports seems to have consisted of French wheat (about 80 %) and British wheat (about 20 %).
Resten har især været tysk hvede, idet i hvert fald alle de sidste 145 000 1 har været det efter indførelsen af minimumskvalitetskriteriet på 12,5 % proteiner. 
The remaining tonnage consisted mainly of German wheat. The last 145 000 1 must have been entirely German since by that time the minimum quality requirement was a 12,5 % protein content.
ECU, som Retten har nævnt, de samlede udgifter til foranstaltningen. Dette beløb fremstilles som en yderligere udgift, men dette svarer ikke til virkeligheden, for både den tyske hvede, der blev frigivet som led i licitationen, men også den franske og engelske hvede, skulle under alle omstændigheder have været eksporteret for at undgå større udgifter som følge af deres overgang til intervention. 
The figure of ECU 57,5 million quoted by the Court representsthetotalcostofthemeasure.Topresentthissum as an additional cost does not reflect the true position. Not only the German wheat for which contracts were awarded but also the French and British wheat would still have had to be exported because the purchase of these cereals by the intervention agency would have entailed even greater expenditure.
Endelig er Kommissionen af de tyske myndigheder blevet underrettet om, at de har tilbageholdt sikkerheds¬ stillelserne for en del af den eksport, der ikke var i overensstemmelse med forordningens kvalitative bestem¬ melser. 
The Commission has also been informed by the German authorities that they have retained the securities for a proportion of the wheat exported since it did not meet the quality requirements laid down in the Regulation.
INDLEDNING Generelt På baggrund af Rettens bemærkninger finder Kommissio¬ nen, at den må fremdrage nogle særlige forhold, der er afgørende for samhandelen med landbrugsprodukter på verdensplan. 
INTRODUCTION General remarks In view of the Court's comments the Commission feels that it should draw attention to certain factors which influence world trade in agricultural produce.
Spørgsmålet om EF-eksportrestitutioner må således ses i en mere generel sammenhæng end blot EF-markedet. 
The question of the Community's export refunds must be seen in a wider context than the Community matket alone.
Da der ikke findes en globalt struktureret ordning for handel med landbrugsprodukter opstår der som følge af den måde, hvorpå det internationale marked fungerer, ofte konjunkturbestemte overskud eller underskud, hvis stør¬ relse afhænger af den samlede produktion. 
Since world trade in agricultural products does not follow any organized pattern, the operation of the world market for a given product depends mainly on the proportion of total production represented by any surplus or shortfall.
Kommissionen kan om nødvendigt på baggrund af en situation, der fornylig 'opstod, påvise, at eksportrådighedsmængderne i nogle lande pludselig kan fem-, ti-eller endog femtendobles og at et enkelt lands importbehov kan variere fra et produktionsår til et andet med 25 % af den samlede import. 
If necessary the Commission could find examples in the recent past to prove that the quantities which certain countries have available for export can suddenly show a five-fold or even fifteen-fold increase and that the import requirements of a single country can vary from one marketing year to another by the equivalent of 25 % of total imports.
Udbuddet og efterspørgslen fører således på verdensmarke¬ det, der reelt kun er et restmarked, til priser, der er uden relation til kostpriserne. 
Supply and demand thus offset each other on a world market which is in fact a residual market where price levels bear no relation to production costs.
Da det drejer sig om et overskuds-marked ligger verdensprisen generelt meget under den garanterede producentpris i de store producentlande. 
When surpluses are available, world prices are usually much lower than the prices paid to farmers in the main producer countries.
Yderligere er parametret verdensprisen som idealpris for den europæiske forbruger hvilket synes at være Rettens opfattelse urealistisk, fordi forsyning af forbrugerne til verdensmarkedspriserne almindeligvis aldrig er mulig på grund af de talrige bestemmelser (skatter, told, kontingen¬ tering osv.) der fører til, at priserne stiger på importlan¬ denes markeder. 
To see the world price as the ideal price for the European consumer (as the Court would seem to do) is unrealistic since supplies practically never reach the consumer at that price because of the numerous mechanisms (taxes, custom duties, quotas etc.) which have the effect of raising prices on the internal markets of the importing countries.
Ser man på EF-markedet er både ordningerne til stabilise¬ ring af importen og eksporten ligesom oplagringsordningerne væsentlige for at nå målene i den fælles landbrugspo¬ litik. 
As far as the Community market is concerned, the mechanisms used to stabilize imports and exports (e.g. storage arrangements) are essential to the achievement of the objectives of the common agricultural policy.
Fællesskabet har eksporteret kornoverskud, siden den fælles markedsordning begyndte i 1967. 
The Community has been exporting cereal surpluses ever since the market organization was established in 1967.
Politikken har altid været i størst muligt omfang at undgå intervention ved i første række at søge at afsætte produkterne internt til lavpris (jf. smør, skummetmælkspulver) og derefter, ligeledes af budgetsmæssige grunde, at eksportere varerne under overholdelse af EF's internationale forpligtelser i GATT. 
As far as possible, the policy has been to avoid intervention storage, first of all by encouraging low-price disposal to the internal market (e.g. butter, milk powder) and secondly, and again for budget reasons, by encouraging exports, subject to the Community's international commitments under GATT.
Det skal understreges, at for kornsektoren skyldes overskuddet især import uden importafgifter af store mængder kornsubstitutter til foder af handelspolitiske grunde. 
It should be pointed out that in the cereals sector one of the reasons for the surpluses has been the importation (free of any levy) of larges quantities of cereal subsitutes for use as feedingstuffs, an arrangement which derives from the common commercial policy.
Salg fra interventionslagrene og fra det fri kornmarked må betragtes på samme måde med hensyn til salgspris. 
Cereals sold from intervention stocks and from the free market must be considered in a similar light, in terms of selling prices.
For sektoren for oksekød er situationen en smule anderledes. 
In the beef sector the situation is somewhat different.
Interventionssalgene (til lavpris) kan således ikke behandles på samme måde som salg fra det fri marked på grund af dette produkts anderledes karakteristika. 
Intervention sales ('at reduced prices') cannot be treated in the same way as sales from the free market because of the different characteristics of the product concerned.
Det er derfor farligt at drage konklusioner for så vidt angår eksportrestitutionerne. 
It would therefore be risky to draw any conclusions as far as export refunds were concerned.
Kommissionen ønsker for denne sektor at fremme en politik gående ud på eksport fra det fri marked og privat oplagring, idet eksport fra offentlig intervention er klart dyrere. 
In this sector the Commission intends to encourage exports from the free market and from private storage since exports from public stocks entail considerably higher costs.
Yderligere må Kommissionen af hensyn til de forskellige produkters særlige karakteristika anvende lidt forskellige forvaltningsmekanismer alt efter den pågælden¬ de sektor. 
To take account of the individual charac¬ teristics of the various products concerned, the Commis¬ sion also has to employ different types of management arrangements in each case.
Således tillader EF-restitutionsordningen Fællesskabet en smidig tilpasning til realiteterne på verdensmarkedet. 
In this context the export refund system represents a means whereby the Community can easily adapt to the realities of the world market.
F.eks. kan det, når der er truffet beslutning om eksport til verdensmarkedet, være til stede på dette marked ved at kompensere forskellen mellem EF-prisen (fastsat under produktionsåret) og den svingende verdensmarkedspris. 
Once the decision has been taken to export, the refunds enable the Community to establish a presence on the world market by offsetting the difference between the Community price (which is fixed for a given marketing year) and the variable world price.
Der skal endelig mindes om, at såfremt Fællesskabet fastsætter en bestemt restitution for en præcis bestemmelse, 
Lastly, it should be pointed out that when the Community grants a given refund for a particular destination, this does
Nr. C 133/48 De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 31. 5. 
No C 133/48 Official Journal of the European Communities 31. 5.
90 skal køberlandet ikke obligatorisk udbyde det pågældende produkt på sit nationale marked til den pris, som det købte det til. 
90 not oblige the purchasing country to place the product concerned on its own national market at the price for which it was bought.
Rettens konklusion, at »transaktionens-finansielle risici reelt er større end for køber« har ingen relevans for de fem citerede eksempler. 
The conclusion drawn by the Court that 'the financial risks of the transaction are potentially bigger for the Community than for the purchaser' bears no relation to the five examples quoted.
Fællesskabet traf omkring 1986 de eneste foranstaltninger, der dengang var mulige, idet det indførte medansvarsafgif-terne, således at producenterne kom til at deltage i udgifterne til afsætning af overskuddene, bremsede udvidelsen af produktionen ved hjælp af stabilisatorer og anbefale forhandling af internationale regler. 
In 1986 the Community took the only measures which were feasible at the time: producer co-responsibility was introduced to help meet surplus-disposal costs, stabilizers were introduced to curb the expansion of agricultural production ; and the way was paved for the negotiation of international rules.
KOMMISSIONENS FORVALTNING AF UDFØRSLER Retsgrundlag 2.1 og 2.3. 
COMMISSION MANAGEMENT OF EXPORTS The regulatory framework 2.1 and 2.3.
Rettens bemærkning i afsnit 2.1 i slutningen er teoretisk begrundet, men Kommissionen anfører, at i praksis finder der mellem de fastlagte perioder sjældent tilpasninger af restitutionerne sted, at der med nogle få undtagelser udelukkende har været foretaget nedadgående tilpasninger og at forvaltningskomitéen derefter har fået forelagt sagen til »ratificering«. 
1, the Commission would point out that in practice it is rare for export refunds to be adjusted at times other than the agreed intervals and that, with some rare exceptions, these have been downward adjustments which the next Management Committee has then had to 'ratify'.
Kommissionen understreger, at der for nogle måneder siden blev truffet beslutning om systematisk på dags¬ ordenen for hvert enkelt møde i forvaltningskomitéen at opføre spørgsmålet restitutioner, for at forhindre, at eksportørerne som tidligere til skade for en sund finansforvaltning af EUGFL foregriber situationen eller spekulerer, såfremt dette punkt optages på dagsordenen for et eller andet møde i forvaltningskomitéen. 
The Commission would also point out that some months ago it was decided that the agenda of each Management Committee meeting should include the item 'Export refunds' so that the mere inclusion of such an item on the Committee's agenda should not lead (as had been the case in the past) to anticipatory or speculative moves by operators which could be detrimental to the satisfactory management of the EAGGF.
Den almindelige overenskomst om told og udenrigshandel (GATT) 2.6. 
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 2.6.
Kommissionen anfører, at »Export Enhancement programme« ikke er eneste eksportsubventionsordning i USA. 
The Commission would point out that the Export Enhancement Programme is not the only export subsidy scheme used by the United States.
USA har således altid kunstigt holdt deres eksport¬ priser oppe på et niveau, der er uafhængigt af de garanterede producentpriser. 
The USA have consistently maintained their export prices at a level which is independent of the guaranteed price paid to producers.
Finder Retten, når den bemærker, at tilpasningspoli¬ tikken skulle have medført særligt høje restitutionssatser, at restitutionerne var for høje ? 
When it says that the policy of matching subsidies appears to have entailed the granting of exceptionally high refunds, does the Court mean to say that the refunds were excessively high ?
Som Retten ganske rigtigt bemærker ligger vanske¬ ligheden for Kommissionen ved forvaltningen af restitutio¬ nerne i, hvorledes der opnås en rimelig ligevægt mellem effektivitet og økonomi. Men de parametre, der er fastsat i lovgivningen, og de oplysninger, som ligger til grund for vurderingen, tillader hverken, at man reelt kan tale om overkompensation, således som de tredjelande gør det, der i øvrigt aldrig under de forskellige sager, som de har indledt i GATT mod EØF i de sidste ti år, har kunnet give konkret bevis derfor, eller om underkompensation, således som eksportørerne praktisk taget altid mener. 
As the Court points out, the difficulty facing the Commission in the management of refunds is how to achieve the proper balance between effectiveness and economy, but the constraints imposed by the legislation and the data which it uses as the basis for its assessment of the situation are such that it is wrong to speak of over¬ compensation as do the non-member countries, although they have never been able to provide any specific proof of this allegation in the various attacks which they have mounted on the EEC within GATT over the past ten years or so.
Påstanden om, at det nødvendige minimum overskrides, hvilket skulle medføre for store udgifter for fælleskabsbudgettet, er lige så gyldig, som påstanden om, at kompensa¬ tionen er utilstrækkelig. 
The claim that the 'minimum necessary' is exceeded, thus entailing excessive expenditure under the Community budget, is no more valid than the claim that the level of compensation is insufficient.
2.10. Medlemsstaternes meddelelse af oplysninger om¬ fattes af lovbestemmelser. Kommissionen sørger i øvrigt for, at dens krav regelmæssigt tilpasses. 
2.10. ; There are regulations which govern the transmis¬ sion of data from the Member States. The Commission takes care, moreover, to adjust its requirements at regular intervals.
31. 5. 90 De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr. C 133/49 De priser, der konstateres ved licitationerne kan til gengæld ikke altid betragtes som en korrekt informationskilde, idet eksportørerne ofte deltager i disse licitationer uden reel hensigt om at vinde dem. 
31. 5. 90 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 133/49 On the other hand, the prices quoted in response to invitations to tender cannot always be considered a reliable source of information since operators may occasionally submit bids without any real intention of winning the contract.
Kommissionen råder desuden over andre oplysninger, især fra handelen, fagorganisationerne eller fagpressen. 
The Commission does, however, have other sources of information, such as the trade itself, farmers' organizations and the specialized press.
For korn f.eks. baserer Kommissionen sig på pålidelige informationskilder ved beregningen af restitutionen, f.eks. prisnoteringerne (uden restitution) i EØF-eksporthavnene. 
In the case of cereals, for example, the Commission has reliable sources of information on which to base the calculation of export refunds. Firstly, there are the prices quoted (without a refund) at Community ports of shipment.
I øvrigt rejser omregningskursen mellem eksportmedlems¬ statens valuta og dollaren ingen problemer. 
Secondly, there is obviously the exchange rate between the national currency of the exporting Member State and the dollar.
Kommissionen gentager sit synspunkt, at bereg¬ ningen af restitutionerne væsentligst baseres på objektive oplysninger, og at disse oplysninger foreligger i større antal og er mere varierede end dem, som Retten nævner. 
The Commission would reaffirm that the calcu¬ lation of export refunds is essentially based on objective data and that these data are much more numerous and varied than those mentioned by the Court.
Denne beregning er grundlaget for vurderingen af den restitution, der skal fastsættes, idet det dog er nødvendigt, at Kommissionen har visse beslutningsbeføjelser, der imidler¬ tid er begrænsede i modsætning til det, som hævdes. 
The said calculation is the fundamental basis for assessing what refund should be fixed, the discretionary powers of the Commission being necessary but limited, contrary to what has been claimed.
Det er Kommissionens opfattelse, at dens tjeneste¬ grene råder over tilstrækkelig dokumentation til at kunne træffe afgørelse om restitutionerne. 
The Commission considers that its departments possess sufficient documentation concerning the decisions taken on export refunds.
I den forbindelse tillægger den de daglige rapporter om markedssituationen, som hver enkelt markedsafdeling udarbejder, stor betyd¬ ning. 
In this context it attaches particular importance to the weekly matket-situation reports drawn up by each of its markets divisions.
Den vil dog undersøge, hvorledes den kan forbedre sin dokumentation på de områder, hvor det forekommer nødvendigt. 
The Commission will, however, investigate ways in which its documentation could be improved in those areas where this would seem necessary.
Mælk og mejeriprodukter 2.14-2.17. 
Milk and milk products 2.14 to 2.17.
Oplysningerne om verdensmarkedssituatio-nen inden for mejerisektoren kan forekomme fragmentari¬ ske, fordi der ikke som for andre råvarer finder børsnote¬ ringer sted på verdensplan. 
Information on the world market for milk and milk products may indeed seem fragmentary, since no commodity-exchange prices are quoted around the world as they are for other basic products.
Imidlertid er det på baggrund af oplysninger fra erhvervsorganisationer, fagpressen og andre kilder (EØF's konkurrenter, GATT) muligt at vurdere og følge prisudviklingen, herunder i andre producentlande. 
Even so, the data obtained from trade organizations, the specialized ptess and other useful sources (the Community's competitors, GATT etc.) make it possible to assess and monitor trends in prices, including those set by other producer countries.