natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
I modsžtning til traditionel żkonometrisk logik tages der i denne model ikke i alle ligninger hensyn til resultaterne af tidligere ligninger. 
For this model the equations used do not always take account of information produced by some in order to consider it in the others, contrary to traditional econometric systems.
De informationer, der hidrżrer fra den fżrste ligning i vektormodel 1, og som er et overslag over offentlige investeringers effekt p de private investeringer, er sledes ikke medtaget i den anden ligning, som beregner de offentlige investeringers effekt p beskžftigelsen, selv om, set ud fra et żkonomisk synspunkt, en stigning i de private investeringer, afledt af en stigning i de offentlige udgifter, indirekte kan żge beskžftigelsen. Denne model er faktisk ikke velegnet til at mle de afsmittende virkninger p andre regioner (2), fordi den ikke indeholder ligninger for funktionen produktion, vžksten i det regionale BNP og de afsmittende virkninger for naboregionerne. 
In consequence the information from the first equation of the VAR1 model, which estimates the effects of public investment on private sector investment, are not included when the second equation is calculated (the second equation evaluates the effects of public investment on employment), even though, from an economic viewpoint, job creation can be indirectly stimulated by an increase in private investmentbroughtaboutbyincreasedpublicspending.Thismodelisnotreallysuitableformeasuringthe spillover onto other regions (2), as it does not contain any equations for the production function, increase in regional GDP or spillover to adjacent regions.
Med vektormodel 2 kan man beregne effekten udtrykt i relative žndringer i produktionen, de offentlige investeringer og arbejdslżsheden, og man kan mle jobskabelseseffekten i absolutte tal bde p den region, der er direkte berżrt af projektet, og p den samlede żkonomi under hensyntagen til, at en del af de nationale finansielle midler, der oprindeligt var afsat til investeringer i transportinfrastruktur og miljż, eventuelt vil blive anvendt til andre forml. 
The VAR2 model makes it possible to calculate the effects in terms of relative changes concerning output, public investment and unemployment and evaluates the job-creation effect in absolute terms, for both the region directly involved in the CF project and the whole economy, and having regard to the possibility that part of the national funds initially earmarked for investment in transport infrastructure and the environment may be assigned to other areas.
Denne model er kun blevet anvendt p de spanske regioner (jf. tabel 8), fordi der her findes langt mere omfattende og detaljerede informationer i form af historiske tendenser. 
This model was used only for the Spanish regions (see Table 8), because they were able to provide far more detailed information in terms of historical series.
Den er blevet anvendt bde p transportinfrastrukturprojekter og miljżprojekter. 
It was used for both transport infrastructure projects and environment projects.
2.10.2000 (1) Retten har ladet analysen af de modeller, der er udviklet p Kommissionens initiativ, foretage af en ekstern evaluator 2 med speciale i makrożkonomiske modeller og europžisk żkonomi. () P grund af metoden (en regions relative stilling i forhold til gennemsnittet i den pgžldende medlemsstat) og fordi de statistiske data vurderes under t uden nogen form for inddeling, sledes at regressionskoefficienterne refererer til en ČrepržsentativÇ region. 
2.10.2000 (1) For the study of the models developed at the CommissionŐs initiative the Court called on an outside expert specialising 2 in the field of macroeconomic models and the European economy. () Because of the approach (relative positioning of a region in relation to the mean for the Member State) and the fact that the statistics are pooled without any other disaggregation, with the result that the regression coefficients refer to a ÔrepresentativeŐ region.
2.10.2000 DA De Europžiske Fžllesskabers Tidende C 279/27 5. 
2.10.2000 EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 279/27 5.
Den er baseret p variabler med en absolut vžrdi og er som model mere fuldstžndig. 
It is based on absolute-value variables and is more complete from the modelling point of view.
Eftersom den ikke viser nogen signifikant statistisk differentiering med hensyn til effekten af de forskellige typer projekter i den offentlige sektor, har man imidlertid anvendt de samme regressionskoefficienter, uanset hvilken sektor det drejer sig om. 
Nevertheless, given that there was no evidence of any significant statistical differentiation concerning the impact of the different types of project in the public sector, the regression coefficients used are the same, whatever the sectoral domain concerned.
Men mlene p miljżomrdet kan ikke mles i stigninger i produktion, private investeringer og beskžftigelse. 
However, environmental objectives cannot be measured in terms of increased output, private investment or job creation.
Modeller for generel balance beregnet p regionalt plan (ČbalancemodellerÇ) 6. 
Computable general equilibrium models (CGE) on a regional scale 6.
Disse modeller bygger p principperne for de teoretiske modeller for generel balance, dvs. at alle markederne er i balance, alle aktżrer handler for at maksimere en specifik funktion, og forventningerne antages at vžre rationelle. 
These models are based on the principles of general equilibrium theoretical models, namely, all markets are in equilibrium, every agent acts in a way which maximises a specific function and expectations are assumed to be rational.
De balancemodeller, der er udviklet, er blevet anvendt til at beregne effekten af investeringerne i transportinfrastrukturen p en given region eller p samtlige regioner i et land med udgangspunkt i de tids-og kilo-meterbesparelser og dermed besparelser i transportomkostninger, der opns gennem vejinfrastrukturprojek-terne. 
The CGE models developed were used to apprehend the effects of investment in the domain of transport infrastructure on a particular region or on the regions of a country as a whole, taking as starting point the savings in distance and time and, therefore, in transport costs, resulting from road infrastructure projects.
Effekten kan opdeles som fżlger: Ń effektenpkortsigt:lavereomkostningerogstżrrefortjenestetilvirksomhederneiregionen,laverepriser for kunderne og forżgelse af forbrugernes realindkomst Ń effekten p mellemlang og lang sigt: Ń flytning af virksomheder (nye virksomheder kommer til, og virksomheder, der udsžttes for skžrpet konkurrence, forsvinder) Ń justeringer p arbejdsmarkedet (nettoudbuddet af beskžftigelse vil afhžnge af flytningen af virksomheder; stigende lżnninger) Ń žndringer i forbindelserne mellem virksomhederne indbyrdes (voksende efterspżrgsel efter mellemprodukter, żget fortjeneste i de industrier, der fremstiller mellemprodukter, lavere priser p mellemprodukter, żget fortjeneste for de virksomheder, der anvender disse produkter) Ń żgetmobilitetblandtarbejdstagernemellemregionerne,hvilketmedfżrerentendenstillżnudjžvning. 
The effects break down as follows: Ń short-termeffects:costreductions,increasedprofitsforenterprisesintheregion,lowerpricesforcustom-ers, increase in consumersŐ real incomes, Ń medium and long-term effects: Ń enterprise relocation (installation of new enterprises and delocalisation of enterprises in the face of increased competition), Ń adjustmentsinthepatternofemployment(netjobsupplyassociatedwithenterpriserelocation,higher wages), Ń changes in inter-company relations (increased demand for intermediate products, increased profits for the industries producing intermediate products, lower prices for intermediate products, increased profits for enterprises using such products), Ń increased mobility of workers between regions, tending towards wage equalisation.
Det skal understreges, at effekten p kort sigt primžrt slr igennem i den direkte berżrte region, medens effekten p mellemlang og lang sigt ogs omfatter de żvrige regioner. 
It should be noted that the short-term effects essentially concern the region that is the direct beneficiary, whereas the medium and long-term effects also affect other regions.
Der er udarbejdet tre balancemodeller p regionalt plan, n for Spanien og Portugal, n for Gržkenland og n for Irland. 
Three CGE models on a regional scale were developed: one for Spain and Portugal, one for Greece and one for Ireland.
Resultaterne af beregningen af effekten p en ržkke projekter er gengivet i tabel 8. 
The results of calculating the effects for a number of projects are given in Table 8.
En forudsžtning for, at man kan udarbejde disse modeller, er store mžngder data og analyser af de relevante politikker. Det skal vžre meget detaljerede regionale data, for at man kan undersżge samhandelen mellem de forskellige steder under forhold med begržnset konkurrence. Informationer om input og output, produktionen udspecificeret regionalt og i de enkelte sektorer, vžrditilvžksten, beskžftigelsen og vej-, jernbane-og flytrafikken er helt nżdvendige for at kunne foretage en sdan analyse. 
Thedevelopmentofthesemodelsrequiresasubstantialamountofdataandtheanalysisofpoliciesrelat-ing to them, both of which are subject to a high degree of regional fragmentation, to ensure that these policies are able to deal with trade between places in a context of imperfect competition. Information relating to Input/ output tables, output disaggregated on the regional and sectoral side, added value, employment, or road, rail or air transport is essential for an analysis of this type.
I forbindelse med de balancemodeller, der er udviklet, har der vžret problemer med informationerne. 
As regards the CGE models that were developed, difficulties appeared at the level of information.
Alle ufuldstžndige eller manglende informationer gav anledning til skżn, approksimationer eller substitutioner. 
Any incomplete or missing information gave rise to estimations, approximations or substitutions.
De tekniske koefficienter fra den spanske oversigt over input og output blev sledes anvendt p Irland og Gržkenland uden nogen form for justering, selv om produktionsstrukturerne er vžsentligt anderledes. 
For example, technical coefficients from the Spanish input/output tables were used without adjustment for Ireland and for Greece, even though the output structures are markedly different.
I modellerne var Gržkenland og Irland kun opdelt i tre sektorer, landbrug-, industri-og servicesektoren. 
The degree of sectoral fragmentation in Greece and in Ireland was limited in the CGE models to agriculture, industry and services.
De transportomkostninger, der er anvendt i beregningerne, er i żvrigt som hovedregel taget fra de oprindelige costbenefitanalyser, hvis plidelighed ikke er blevet kontrolleret. 
Moreover the transport costs used were usually taken from the initial cost-benefit analyses, whose reliability was not tested.
C 279/28 DA De Europžiske Fžllesskabers Tidende 2.10.2000 12. 
C 279/28 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 2.10.2000 12.
Denne model viser, at virkningerne p mellemlang og lang sigt er nžsten identiske, for der forventes ikke nogen arbejdstagermobilitet mellem regionerne. 
This model shows that the medium and long-term effects are virtually identical (interregional mobility of workers is disregarded).
Balancemodellen, som opererer med en meget detaljeret beskrivelse af regionen, vil kunne anvendes til at analysere effekten af fondsstżtten p de regionale skžvheder i de stżtteberettigede lande. 
The CGE model, which takes into account an extensive regional breakdown, could be used to analyse the CFŐs implications for regional inequality in the cohesion countries.
Modeller for den formelle fordelingsdynamik (ČfordelingsmodellerÇ) 14. 
Models of explicit distribution dynamics (MEDD) 14.
Disse modeller er meget nyskabende, fordi de er baseret p stokastiske fordelinger og tredimensionale grafiske og statistiske fremstillinger af udviklingen i den regionale indkomstfordeling. De mler vžkst-og konvergensdynamikken i samtlige regioner i de fire stżtteberettigede lande og i visse andre lande - i dette tilfžlde Frankrig, Det Forenede Kongerige og Italien. 
These models are very innovative in as far as they rely on stochastic distributions and three-dimensional graphic and statistical representations concerning changes in the regional distribution of income and are concerned with the dynamics of growth and convergence of all the regions of the four cohesion countries, as well as of other countries such as France, the United Kingdom and Italy.
De anvendes til at undersżge, om de regionale indkomster tenderer mod at konvergere eller divergere over tid, og til at mle dynamikken i den regionale indkomstfordeling. 
They are used to examine questions such as the tendency of regional incomes to converge or diverge over time and the dynamics in the regional distribution of income.
De foretagne analyser er baseret p data fra perioden 1980-1990. 
The analyses carried out were based on data for the period 1980 to 1990.
De resultater, der er opnet med fordelingsmodellerne, viser, at nogle regioner udvikler sig i retning af stżrre velstand, mens andre tvžrtimod forbliver fattige eller bliver endnu fattigere. 
The results obtained with MEDD models show that some regions tend towards increased wealth, others, on the contrary, remain or become poorer.
Gržkenland og Spanien, som har haft lavere vžkst i samme periode, har kunnet registrere żget regional samhżrighed. 
Greece and Spain, with a lesser growth rate, over the same period, attained a higher degree of regional cohesion.
For Irlands vedkommende forel der ikke tilstržkkelige informationer p dette felt. 
As regards Ireland, no information was available on this subject.
Eftersom denne modelkonstruktion lžgger vžgt p det regionale indkomstniveau i forhold til naboregionerne og ikke p det absolutte regionale indkomstniveau, viser den ogs Ń nr resultatet af mlingen af indkomstniveauet i absolutte tal er voksende skžvheder, mens mlingen af de relative vžrdier ikke viser samme tendens Ń at voksende regionale skžvheder skyldes, at vžksten i bestemte grupper af naboregioner ikke er den samme som i andre grupper af naboregioner. 
Modelling with the emphasis on the level of regional income in relation to neighbouring regions, and not on the absolute level of regional income, also shows (where the measurement in absolute terms at the level of incomes highlights increasing inequality but the measurement involving relative values, does not demonstrate the same tendency) that increasing regional inequality can be explained by the fact that the growth achieved by groups of neighbouring regions differs from that of other groups of adjacent regions.
Denne model konkluderer analogt, at de żkonomiske resultater i en region afhžnger af naboregionerne. 
This model similarly concludes that a regionŐs performance is explained by neighbouring regions.
Det forekommer indlysende for de spanske regioners vedkommende, hvorimod der er tale om voksende skžv-hed mellem regionerne i Portugal. 
This appears evident for the Spanish regions, whereas for Portugal there continues to be a dynamic of increasing inequality between the regions.
I Spanien er disse modeller anvendt p dataene om de offentlige og private investeringer, og det har vist sig, at de offentlige investeringer har afsmittende virkninger p naboregionerne og spiller en vigtig rolle for den żgede regionale samhżrighed. 
Applying these models to data concerning public and private investment shows that, in Spain, public investmentisfollowedbyrepercussionsforneighbouringregionsandplaysanimportantpartinthefurther-ance of regional cohesion.
I Portugal har bde de offentlige og de private investeringer betydning for samhżrigheden. 
In Portugal, public and private investment both play this role.
Fordelingsmodellerne kunne videreudvikles og forbedres og ville formentlig give mere brugbare resultater, hvis de indeholdt nžrmere forklaringer udarbejdet p grundlag af etablerede statistiske metoder, hvis de primžrt vedrżrte fondsprojekternes effekt p indkomstudviklingen i den relevante periode, og endelig hvis denne periode ikke var begržnset til 1980-1990, hvor Fonden endnu ikke var oprettet. 
The MEDD models could be further refined and would produce more useful results if they were accompanied by explanations based on confirmed statistical techniques, if they were concerned primarily with the impact of CF projects on the trend of income throughout the period in question and, finally, if the period were not confined to the period 1980 to 1990, before the Cohesion Fund existed.
2.10.2000 DA De Europžiske Fžllesskabers Tidende Modeller anvendt af medlemsstaterne 20. 
2.10.2000 EN Official Journal of the European Communities Models used by the Member States 20.
Input/output-modellen skal vise sammenhžngen mellem alle de ressourcer, en żkonomi rder over, og alle former for endeligt forbrug. 
The Input/output model seeks to depict the links between all the resources available to an economy and all final consumption.
Den mler sledes de indbyrdes sammenhžnge i et lands forskellige żkonomiske sektorer, som er indbyrdes forbundet via det mellemliggende forbrug. 
It thus identifies any interdependence at the level of the different sectors of a country that are interrelated on the basis of intermediate consumption.
Moisees-modellen (Modelos de Investigacin y Simulacin de la Economia Espanola) er en żkonometrisk model med 150 ligninger, der kan simulere den makrożkonomiske effekt af offentlige politikker p mellemlang sigt (fem r) p hele żkonomien. 
Moisees (Modelos de Investigacin y Simulacin de la Economia Espanola) is an econometric model of 150 equations which provides a simulation of the macroeconomic effects of public policies in the medium term (five years) over the whole economy.
Den żkonometriske model Hermin, som tager hensyn til de sžrlige forhold i hver enkelt medlemsstat og beskriver de samlede virkninger p landsplan, gr ud fra den hypotese, at żkonomierne ikke opererer med fuld udnyttelse af produktionskapaciteten, og at multiplikator-og acceleratorvirkningerne af żgede investeringer derfor vil skabe żget produktion og beskžftigelse; modellen synes at give tilfredsstillende resultater med hensyn til effekten p efterspżrgslen. 
The Hermin econometric model takes account of the specific characteristics of each Member State and aggregates the effects at national level, starting from the hypothesis that economies do not operate at full output and, in consequence, the multiplier and accelerator effects associated with increased investment create an expansion of output and employment. The model appears to give satisfactory results in terms of the effects on demand.
I disse makrożkonomiske modeller anvendes der variabler og hypoteser, som kan vžre ufuldstžndige eller kun džkke delaspekter. 
Use of these macroeconomic models is based on variables and hypotheses that may be incomplete or partial.
Input/output-modellen tager sledes kun hensyn til effekten p efterspżrgslen og analyserer primžrt EU-stżttens effekt p kort sigt. 
The Input/output model, for example, only considers the effects of demand and mainly analyses short-term impacts in relation to Community intervention.
Moisees-modellen tager hverken hensyn til de langsigtede virkninger eller sektorvirkningerne. Hermin-modellen er navnlig baseret p komplekse hypoteser om udviklingen i de offentlige udgifter. De kan variere ganske betydeligt, og derfor kan beregningerne af fondsstżttens effekt give meget forskellige resultater. 
Moisees does not consider long-term and sectoral effects. Hermin is based, in particular, on complex assumptions about the pattern of national government expenditure that may vary significantly and, in consequence, may lead to variation in the calculation of the impact of CF investment.
Med de hypoteser, der ligger til grund for modellerne, bżr resultaterne behandles med forsigtighed. 
In view of the assumptions underlying the models, the results should be treated with caution.
C 279/29 
C 279/29
C 279/30 DA De Europžiske Fžllesskabers Tidende KOMMISSIONENS SVAR RESUM Samhżrighedsfondens virkninger er i det store og hele positive. En gennemgang af tendenserne i de fire sam-hżrighedslande viser, at der i den relevante periode (1994-1999) er opnet lovende resultater, idet der er sket en betydelig udjžvning af forskellene mellem samhżrighedslandene og resten af Unionen. 
C 279/30 EN Official Journal of the European Communities COMMISSIONŐS REPLIES SUMMARY Overall, the Cohesion Fund (CF) has had a positive impact. An analysis of trends in the four cohesion countries shows encouraging results over the period 1994 to 1999 considerable progress has been made in narrowing the gap with the rest of the Union.
Kommissionen finder i lighed med Revisionsretten, at finansieringen af Samhżrighedsfondens projekter har vžret effektiv. 
The Commission agrees with the Court of Auditors that financing of the Cohesion Fund projects has proved effective.
Kommissionen er af den opfattelse, at koordineringen med EFRU er blevet sikret ved de drżftelser, der har fundet sted med medlemsstaterne bde under udvžlgelsen af samhżrighedsfondsprojekterne og under hżringerne tjenestegrenene imellem. 
The Commission considers that coordination with the ERDF was ensured during discussions with the Member States of the choice of projects to be submitted to the Cohesion Fund and during the interdepartmental consultation exercise.
Koordineringen har givet sig udtryk ved koncentrationen af Samhżrighedsfondens stżtte om bestemte sektorer og transportkorridorer. 
This coordination is apparent in the concentration of Cohesion Fund operations on specific sectors and corridors.
Kommissionen har evalueret hvert enkelt projekt ud fra de kriterier, der er fastsat i forordningen. 
The Commission assessed each project in the light of the criteria laid down in the Regulation.
Samhżrighedsfonden finansierer som hovedregel stżrre projekter, der kan hjžlpe med at strukturere de pgžldende landes żkonomier. 
The Cohesion Fund generally finances large-scale projects playing a pivotal role in the economies of the countries concerned.
Projekterne indgr i planlžgningen og kržver lang tids forberedelser. 
These projects form part of a planning process and require lengthy preparation.
Kommissionen har sledes sżrget for, at de af Samhżrighedsfonden finansierede projekter er i overensstemmelse med enten sektorprioriteringen (koncentration om vandforvaltnings-og affaldshndteringsprojekter) eller prioriteringen af infrastrukturprojekterne (koncentration om et begržnset antal korridorer og knude-punkter). 
The Commission has thus ensured that the projects financed by the Cohesion Fund are in accordance with the sectoral priorities (concentration on water and waste management) or the priorities for strategic corridors or nodes (concentration on a limited number of corridors and nodes).
Disse prioriteringer i perioden 1994-1999 var resultatet af en dialog mellem Kommissionen og de pgžldende medlemsstater. 
The 1994 to 1999 priorities emerged from discussions between the Commission and the Member States.
1264/1999 og (EF) nr. 1265/ 1999, medfżrer, at medlemsstaterne skal fremlžgge oplysninger, der gżr det muligt at vurdere projekternes overensstemmelse med en sektoriel eller territorial strategi. 
The changes introduced by Regulations (EC) No 1264/1999 and (EC) No 1265/1999 require the Member States to provide the information needed to assess projects for conformity with a sectoral or territorial strategy.
Kommissionen har sledes for perioden 2000-2006 anmodet medlemsstaterne om at etablere en referenceramme for Samhżrighedsfondens interventioner. 
For the period 2000 to 2006, the Commission has therefore asked the Member States to draw up a reference framework for CF operations.
Kommissionen har ogs sżrget for, at medlemsstaterne fremlžgger de oplysninger, der kržves ifżlge forordningen, og som er specificeret i ansżgningsformularen. 
The Commission also ensured that Member States provided the information required by the Regulation and specified in the application form.