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Det var nødvendigt at ændre traktaten om oprettelse af Det Europæiske Økonomiske Fællesskab (' Rom-traktaten ') for at oprette de nødvendige institutionelle rammer for gennemførelsen af anden og tredje fase .
For the realisation of Stages Two and Three , it was necessary to revise the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community ( the Treaty of Rome ) in order to establish the required institutional structure .
Derfor blev der i 1991 afholdt en regeringskonference om ØMU parallelt med regeringskonferencen om den politiske union .
To this end , an Intergovernmental Conference on EMU was convened , which was held in 1991 in parallel with the Intergovernmental Conference on political union .
Resultatet af forhandlingerne blev traktaten om Den Europæiske Union , som blev indgået i december 1991 og underskrevet i Maastricht 7 . februar 1992 .
The negotiations resulted in the Treaty on European Union which was agreed in December 1991 and signed in Maastricht on 7 February 1992 .
På grund af forsinkelser i ratifikationsprocessen trådte traktaten ( der ændrede traktaten om oprettelse af Det Europæiske Økonomiske Fællesskab , herunder navnet , til traktaten om oprettelse af Det Europæiske Fællesskab og blandt andet introducerede protokollen om statutten for Det Europæiske System af Centralbanker og Den Europæiske Centralbank ( pdf 200 kB , da ) og protokollen om statutten for Det Europæiske Monetære Institut ) imidlertid ikke i kraft før 1 .
However , owing to delays in the ratification process , the Treaty ( which amended the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community -- changing its name to the Treaty establishing the European Community -- and introduced , inter alia , the Protocol on the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank ( pdf 200 kB , en ) and the Protocol on the Statute of the European Monetary Institute ) did not come into force until 1 November 1993 .
november 1993 .
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Toppen af siden Anden fase af ØMU : oprettelse af EMI og ECB
Stage Two of EMU , establishment of the EMI and the ECB
Oprettelsen af Det Europæiske Monetære Institut ( EMI ) 1 . januar 1994 markerede indledningen af anden fase af ØMU , og samtidig opløstes Centralbankchefkomiteen .
The establishment of the European Monetary Institute ( EMI ) on 1 January 1994 marked the start of the second stage of EMU and with this the Committee of Governors ceased to exist .
EMIs midlertidige eksistens afspejlede endvidere den monetære integration inden for Fællesskabet .
The EMI 's transitory existence also mirrored the state of monetary integration within the Community .
EMI var hverken ansvarlig for at føre pengepolitikken i Den Europæiske Union &ndash; dette var stadig helt og holdent de nationale myndigheders ansvar &ndash; eller bemyndiget til at gennemføre valutainterventioner .
The EMI had no responsibility for the conduct of monetary policy in the European Union -- this remained the preserve of the national authorities -- nor had it any competence for carrying out foreign exchange intervention .
EMIs to hovedopgaver :
The two main tasks of the EMI :
at styrke samarbejdet på centralbankniveau og samordningen af pengepolitikken
to strengthen central bank cooperation and monetary policy co-ordination , and
at træffe de nødvendige forberedelser til at oprette Det Europæiske System af Centralbanker ( ESCB ) , føre en fælles pengepolitik og indføre en fælles valuta i tredje fase .
to make the preparations required for the establishment of the European System of Central Banks ( ESCB ) , for the conduct of the single monetary policy and for the creation of a single currency in the third stage .
Med dette formål for øje fungerede EMI som et forum for høringer og for udveksling af synspunkter og oplysninger om strategiske emner . EMI fastlagde endvidere de vedtægtsmæssige , organisatoriske og logistiske rammer , der var nødvendige , for at ESCB kunne udføre sine opgaver i tredje fase .
To this end , the EMI provided a forum for consultation and for an exchange of views and information on policy issues and it specified the regulatory , organisational and logistical framework necessary for the ESCB to perform its tasks in Stage Three . About the EMI 's preparatory work
Det Europæiske Råd besluttede i december 1995 , at den europæiske valutaenhed , der skulle indføres ved indledningen af tredje fase , skulle benævnes « euro » . Rådet bekræftede samtidig , at tredje fase af ØMU skulle indledes 1 .
In December 1995 the European Council agreed to name the European currency unit to be introduced at the start of Stage Three , the « euro » , and confirmed that Stage Three of EMU would start on 1 January 1999 .
Den kronologiske rækkefølge af begivenhederne i forbindelse med overgangen til euroen blev bekendtgjort .
A chronological sequence of events was pre-announced for the changeover to the euro .
Dette scenario var hovedsagelig baseret på detaljerede forslag udarbejdet af EMI .
This scenario was mainly based on detailed proposals elaborated by the EMI .
ERM2
ERM II
EMI fik samtidig til opgave at udføre det forberedende arbejde med hensyn til de forbindelser , der i fremtiden skulle oprettes mellem euroområdet og de øvrige EU-lande på det monetære område og valutakursområdet .
At the same time , the EMI was given the task of carrying out preparatory work on the future monetary and exchange rate relationships between the euro area and other EU countries .
I december 1996 forelagde EMI sin rapport for Det Europæiske Råd . Rapporten udgjorde grundlaget for Det Europæiske Råds resolution om principperne for og hovedelementerne i den nye valutakursmekanisme ( ERM2 ) , der blev vedtaget i juni 1997 .
In December 1996 the EMI presented its report to the European Council , which formed the basis of a Resolution of the European Council on the principles and fundamental elements of the new exchange rate mechanism ( ERM II ) , which was adopted in June 1997 .
De nye pengesedler
The new banknotes
I december 1996 forelagde EMI de udvalgte designserier af eurosedler , der skulle sættes i omløb 1 . januar 2002 , for Det Europæiske Råd og senere for offentligheden .
In December 1996 the EMI also presented to the European Council , and subsequently to the public , the selected design series for the euro banknotes to be put into circulation on 1 January 2002 .
Stabilitets - og vækstpagten
Stability and Growth Pact
Det Europæiske Råd vedtog stabilitets - og vækstpagten i juni 1997 for at supplere og uddybe traktatens bestemmelser om ØMU . To forordninger indgår i stabilitets - og vækstpagten , der har til formål at sikre budgetdisciplinen i forhold til ØMU .
In order to complement and to specify the Treaty provisions on EMU , the European Council adopted the Stability and Growth Pact in June 1997 -- two Regulations form part of the Stability and Growth Pact , which aims to ensure budgetary discipline in respect of EMU .
Pagten og de respektive forpligtelser blev uddybet i en deklaration fra Rådet i maj 1998 .
The Pact was supplemented and the respective commitments enhanced by a Declaration of the Council in May 1998 .
Hvilke lande deltog fra starten af tredje fase ?
Initial participants
maj 1998 besluttede Rådet for Den Europæiske Union - i dets sammensætning af stats - og regeringschefer - enstemmigt , at 11 medlemslande havde opfyldt de nødvendige betingelser for at kunne deltage i tredje fase af ØMU og indføre den fælles valuta pr. 1 . januar 1999 .
On 2 May 1998 the Council of the European Union -- in the composition of Heads of State or Government -- unanimously decided that 11 Member States had fulfilled the conditions necessary for the participation in the third stage of EMU and the adoption of the single currency on 1 January 1999 .
Det drejede sig om følgende lande : Belgien , Tyskland , Spanien , Frankrig , Irland , Italien , Luxembourg , Nederlandene , Østrig , Portugal og Finland .
The initial participants were Belgium , Germany , Spain , France , Ireland , Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands , Austria , Portugal and Finland .
Stats - og regeringscheferne nåede også til politisk enighed om de personer , der skulle indstilles til udnævnelse som medlemmer af Direktionen for Den Europæiske Centralbank ( ECB ) .
The Heads of State or Government also reached a political understanding on the persons to be recommended for appointment as members of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank ( ECB ) .
Forberedelse til fastlåsning af omregningskurserne
Preparation for fixing the conversion rates
I maj 1998 vedtog finansministrene i de medlemslande , der indførte den fælles valuta , disse landes nationalbankchefer , Europa-Kommissionen og EMI også , at de bilaterale centralkurser , der var gældende i ERM for de deltagende medlemslandes valutaer , skulle anvendes til at fastlægge de uigenkaldeligt fastlåste omregningskurser for euroen .
Also in May 1998 , the ministers of finance of the Member States adopting the single currency agreed together with the governors of the national central banks of these Member States , the European Commission and the EMI that the current ERM bilateral central rates of the currencies of the participating Member States would be used in determining the irrevocable conversion rates for the euro .
Udnævnelse af besluttende organer
Appointment of decision-making bodies
Den 25 . maj 1998 udnævnte regeringerne i de 11 deltagende lande formanden , næstformanden og de andre fire medlemmer af ECBs Direktion .
On 25 May 1998 the governments of the 11 participating Member States appointed the President , the Vice-President and the four other members of the Executive Board of the ECB .
Udnævnelsen havde virkning fra 1 . juni 1998 og markerede oprettelsen af ECB .
Their appointment took effect from 1 June 1998 and marked the establishment of the ECB .
ECB og de nationale centralbanker i de deltagende medlemslande udgør tilsammen Eurosystemet , der udformer og definerer den fælles pengepolitik i tredje fase af ØMU .
The ECB and the national central banks of the participating Member States constitute the Eurosystem , which formulates and defines the single monetary policy in Stage Three of EMU .
Med oprettelsen af ECB den 1 . juni 1998 havde EMI fuldført sine opgaver .
With the establishment of the ECB on 1 June 1998 , the EMI had completed its tasks .
I overensstemmelse med artikel 123 ( tidligere artikel 109 L ) i traktaten om oprettelse af Det Europæiske Fællesskab trådte EMI i likvidation ved ECBs oprettelse .
In accordance with Article 123 ( ex Article 109l ) of the Treaty establishing the European Community , the EMI went into liquidation on the establishment of the ECB .
EMI havde afsluttet alle de forberedende opgaver i god tid , så ECB kunne anvende resten af 1998 til den endelige afprøvning af systemer og procedurer .
All the preparatory work entrusted to the EMI was concluded in good time and the rest of 1998 was devoted by the ECB to the final testing of systems and procedures .
Tredje fase af ØMU : uigenkaldelig fastlåsning af vekselkurserne
Stage Three of EMU , irrevocable fixing of exchange rates
Den 1 . januar 1999 indledtes tredje og sidste fase med den uigenkaldelige fastlåsning af vekselkurserne for valutaerne i de 11 medlemslande , der deltog i Den Monetære Union fra starten , samt gennemførelsen af en fælles pengepolitik , som ECB er ansvarlig for .
On 1 January 1999 the third and final stage of EMU commenced with the irrevocable fixing of the exchange rates of the currencies of the 11 Member States initially participating in Monetary Union and with the conduct of a single monetary policy under the responsibility of the ECB .
Antallet af deltagende lande steg til 12 den 1 . januar 2001 , da Grækenland indledte tredje fase af ØMU .
The number of participating Member States increased to 12 on 1 January 2001 , when Greece entered the third stage of EMU .
Et år efter fulgte Cypern og Malta efter , og 1 . januar 2009 blev Slovakiet medlem .
Slovenia became the 13th member of the euro area on 1 January 2007 , followed one year later by Cyprus and Malta and by Slovakia on 1 January 2009 .
Fra den dag landene blev en del af euroområdet , er deres respektive nationale centralbanker automatisk blevet en del af Eurosystemet .
On the day each country joined the euro area , its central bank automatically became part of the Eurosystem .
februar 2001 ( Millioner EUR ) Aktiver Balance pr. 2 . februar 2001 Ændring i forhold til ugen før p.g. af transaktioner Passiver Balance pr. 2 .
Consolidated weekly financial statement of the Eurosystem as at 2 February 2001 ( EUR millions ) Assets Balance as at 2 February 2001 Difference compared to last week due to transactions Liabilities Balance as at 2 February 2001 Difference compared to last week due to transactions
5 Udlån i euro til kreditinstitutter i euroområdet i forbindelse med pengepolitiske operationer 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 primære markedsoperationer langfristede markedsoperationer finjusterende markedsoperationer strukturelle markedsoperationer marginal udlånsfacilitet udlån i forbindelse med marginbetalinger 188.000 49.998 0 0 163 41 238.202 1.130 27.474 70.207 89.787
5 Lending to euro area credit institutions related to monetary policy operations denominated in euro 5.1 Main refinancing operations 5.2 Longer-term refinancing operations 5.3 Fine-tuning reverse operations 5.4 Structural reverse operations 5.5 Marginal lending facility 5.6 Credits related to margin calls 188,000 49,998 0 0 163 41 238,202 1,130 27,474 70,207 89,787
171 10 Andre forpligtelser 11 Revalueringskonti 12 Kapital og reserver
171 10 Other liabilities 11 Revaluation accounts 12 Capital and reserves
Feb - 2018
Feb - 2018
L 259/65
L 259/65
DEN EUROPÆISKE CENTRALBANKS HENSTILLING af 5 . oktober 2000 vedrørende de nationale centralbankers eksterne revisorer ( ECB / 2000/10 ) ( 2000/612 / EF ) STYRELSESRÅDET FOR DEN EUROPÆISKE CENTRALBANK --- ( 5 )
RECOMMENDATION OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK of 5 October 2000 on the external auditors of the national central banks ( ECB / 2000/10 ) ( 2000/612 / EC ) THE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK , ( 5 )
som henviser til statutten for Det Europæiske System af Centralbanker og Den Europæiske Centralbank , særlig artikel 27.1 , og ud fra følgende betragtninger : ( 1 )
Having regard to the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank and in particular to Article 27.1 thereof , Whereas : ( 1 )
Det er nødvendigt at rette henstilling til ændring af Rådets afgørelse 1999/70 / EF af 28 . januar 1999 om de nationale centralbankers eksterne revisorer ( 4 ) , som ændret ved afgørelse 2000/223 / EF ( 5 ) , for at tage hensyn til medlemsstater , hvis dispensation er blevet ophævet derefter ---
It is necessary to recommend an amendment to Council Decision 1999/70 / EC of 25 January 1999 concerning the external auditors of the national central banks ( 4 ) , as amended by Decision 2000/223 / EC ( 5 ) to take into account Member States whose derogation has been abrogated thereafter ,
Den Europæiske Centralbanks ( ECB 's ) og de nationale centralbankers ( NCB' ernes ) regnskaber revideres af uafhængige eksterne revisorer , der indstilles af Styrelsesrådet for ECB og godkendes af Rådet for Den Europæiske Union . I overensstemmelse med Rådets beslutning 2000/427 / EF af 19 .
The accounts of the European Central Bank ( ECB ) and of the national central banks ( NCBs ) shall be audited by independent external auditors recommended by the Governing Council of the ECB and approved by the Council of the European Union .
januar 2001 ( 1 ) , opfylder Grækenland nu de nødvendige betingelser for indførelse af den fælles valuta , og Grækenlands dispensation , jf . betragtning 4 i Rådets beslutning 98/317 / EF ( 2 ) i overensstemmelse med traktatens artikel 109 J , stk .
Pursuant to Council Decision 2000/427 / EC of 19 June 2000 in accordance with Article 122 ( 2 ) of the Treaty on the adoption by Greece of the single currency on 1 January 2001 ( 1 ) , Greece now fulfils the necessary conditions for the adoption of the single currency , and the derogation in favour of Greece laid down in recital 4 of Council Decision 98/317 / EC ( 2 ) in accordance with Article 109j ( 4 ) of the Treaty shall be abrogated with effect from 1 January 2001 .
De i henstilling ECB / 1998/5 af 12 . november 1998 vedrørende de nationale centralbankers eksterne revisorer indstillede revisorer ( 3 ) er i overensstemmelse med de nuværende udnævnelser , som hver af de nationale centralbanker i de deltagende medlemsstater har foretaget .
The external auditors recommended in Recommendation ECB / 1998/5 of 12 November 1998 on the external auditors of the national central banks ( 3 ) reflect the current appointments made by each participating NCB .
Der skal indstilles en ekstern revisor for Bank of Greece for årsregnskaberne fra og med regnskabsåret 2001 .
An external auditor must be recommended for the Bank of Greece for the annual accounts starting from the financial year 2001 .
HENSTILLER :
HEREBY RECOMMENDS :
--- Ernst & Young ( Hellas ) Certified Auditors SA og Charalambos Stathakis , statsautoriseret revisor , som eksterne revisorer for Bank of Greece for årsregnskaberne fra og med regnskabsåret 2001 --- at Rådet for Den Europæiske Union ændrer sin afgørelse 1999/70 / EF i overensstemmelse hermed .
--- Ernst & Young ( Hellas ) Certified Auditors SA and Mr Charalambos Stathakis , who is a registered certified public accountant , as the external auditors of the Bank of Greece for the annual accounts starting from the financial year 2001 , --- that the Council of the European Union amend its Decision 1999/70 / EC accordingly .
( 3 ) Udfærdiget i Frankfurt am Main , den 5 .
Done at Frankfurt am Main , 5 October 2000 . ( 3 )
( 1 ) EFT L 167 af 7.7.2000 , s. 19 .
( 1 ) OJ L 167 , 7.7.2000 , p. 19 .
( 2 ) EFT L 139 af 11.5.1998 , s. 30 .
( 2 ) OJ L 139 , 11.5.1998 , p. 30 .
( 3 ) EFT C 411 af 31.12.1998 , s. 11 .
( 3 ) OJ C 411 , 31.12.1998 , p. 11 .
( 4 ) EFT L 22 af 29.1.1999 , s. 69 .
( 4 ) OJ L 22 , 29.1.1999 , p. 69 .
( 5 ) EFT L 71 af 18.3.2000 , s. 24 .
( 5 ) OJ L 71 , 18.3.2000 , p. 24 .
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Den Økonomiske og Monetære Unions tre faser
Three stages to Economic and Monetary Union
juli 1990 indledtes første fase af Den Økonomiske og Monetære Union ( ØMU ) .
On 1 July 1990 , Stage One of Economic and Monetary Union ( EMU ) started .
Den var hovedsagelig kendetegnet ved , at alle hindringer for den frie bevægelighed for varer , arbejdskraft , tjenesteydelser og kapital mellem EU-landene blev fjernet .
It was characterised mainly by the abolition of all internal barriers to the free movement of goods , persons , services and capital within EU Member States .
Anden fase begyndte 1 . januar 1994 , hvor Det Europæiske Monetære Institut ( EMI ) , forløberen for Den Europæiske Centralbank ( ECB ) , begyndte sit virke .
Stage Two started with the establishment of the European Monetary Institute ( EMI ) , the predecessor of the European Central Bank ( ECB ) , on 1 January 1994 .
I denne fase skulle de tekniske aspekter af den fælles valuta forberedes , uforholdsmæssigt store underskud skulle nedbringes , og der skulle opnås øget konvergens i EU-landenes økonomiske og monetære politik .
Stage Two was dedicated to technical preparations for the creation of the single currency , enforcement of fiscal discipline and enhanced convergence of the economic and monetary policies of the EU Member States .
ECB begyndte sit virke i juni 1998 og havde således et halvt år til at afslutte de forberedelser , som EMI havde truffet .
The ECB was established in June 1998 , giving it half a year to implement the preparatory work of the EMI .
januar 1999 begyndte tredje og sidste fase af ØMU . De 11 medlemslande , der deltog fra begyndelsen , låste deres valutakurser uigenkaldeligt fast og indførte euroen .
On 1 January 1999 Stage Three , the final stage of EMU , started with the irrevocable fixing of the conversion rates of the currencies of the 11 Member States initially participating , and with the introduction of the euro as the single currency .
ECBs styrelsesråd har siden da haft ansvaret for at føre fælles pengepolitik for euroområdet .
It is also since this date that the Governing Council of the ECB has been responsible for conducting the single monetary policy for the euro area .
Forinden havde Rådet i dets sammensætning af stats - og regeringscheferne i maj 1998 vedtaget , at 11 af de daværende 15 EU-lande &ndash; Belgien , Tyskland , Irland , Spanien , Frankrig , Italien , Luxembourg , Holland , Østrig , Portugal og Finland &ndash; opfyldte kriterierne for at kunne indføre den fælles valuta .
This was preceded by the EU Council meeting , in the composition of the Heads of State or Government , which in May 1998 confirmed that 11 of the 15 EU Member States at that time - Belgium , Germany , Ireland , Spain , France , Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands , Austria , Portugal and Finland - had fulfilled the criteria for the adoption of the single currency .
Den 1 . januar 2001 kom Grækenland med i euroområdet .
On 1 January 2001 Greece joined the euro area .
For den første gruppe af lande afsluttedes overgangen til euro 1 . januar 2002 med indførelsen af eurosedler og - mønter .
The first changeover to the euro was completed on 1 January 2002 with the introduction of euro banknotes and coins .
januar 2007 blev Slovenien det 13 . medlem af euroområdet .
Slovenia became the 13th member of the euro area in January 2007 .
Cypern og Malta fulgte efter 1 . januar 2008 og Slovakiet 1 .
Cyprus and Malta joined on 1 January 2008 , and Slovakia on 1 January 2009 .
Nærmere oplysninger om tredje fase af ØMU : www.ecb.europa.eu/ecb/history/emu/html/index.da.html .
For details about the three stages of EMU , see www.ecb.europa.eu/ecb/history/emu .
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to be translated