natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Som følge heraf måtte Kommissionen gøre brug af de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger i henhold til grundforordningens artikel 28 for at fastsætte størrelsen af fordelene for de stikprøveudtagne eksporterende producenter, der købte batterier på hjemmemarkedet.
Concerning the cost of battery: ‘While maintaining the high energy efficiency ratio of lithium battery, make breakthroughs in production process and materials, and lower the production cost of lithium battery’.
De foreliggende faktiske oplysninger bestod af de indsamlede oplysninger fra den eneste leverandør af batterier, der samarbejdede i forbindelse med undersøgelsen.
Concerning the price of battery: ‘Further improve the price performance ratio of lithium battery nearly to the level of lead-acid battery’.
Som forklaret i betragtning 470, solgte Bafang – som en underordnet aktør, der var overdraget at gennemføre den nationale politik – batterier til væsentligt lavere priser på hjemmemarkedet end ved eksport.
The second document is the 13th five-year Battery Plan.
Som følge heraf drog kinesiske eksporterende producenter fordel af, at batterierne blev solgt mod utilstrækkeligt vederlag.
The plan establishes several links with the downstream industry and in particular with the electric bicycle, as described in recital (458).
En række parter hævdede, at i henhold til grundforordningens artikel 2, litra a) og b), er det kun regeringen, der er berettiget til at levere subsidier.
Furthermore, it also establishes a link between the subsidisation of the battery industry and the electric bicycle industry: ‘It is recommended to introduce a lithium-ion battery electric bicycle subsidy policy to promote the popularization of lithium-ion battery electric bicycles’ (Chapter V, Section V).
I den forbindelse var det opfattelsen, at denne bemærkning ikke var relevant i lyset af konklusionen i betragtning 476, dvs. at den kinesiske regering udøvede overdragelse og pållagde leverandører af batterier til producenter af elektriske cykler at levere dette inputmateriale mod utilstrækkeligt vederlag.
The third document is the specific industry report on batteries described in recital (459) which clarifies that the ‘future key applications of lithium-ion batteries will focus on power tools, light electric e-bikes, new energy vehicles and energy storage systems’ (Chapter V, Section II).
Fordelen for de stikprøveudtagne virksomheder blev således beregnet ved at sammenlige Bafangs eksportpriser og indenlandske priser til ikke forretningsmæssigt forbundne kunder i løbet af undersøgelsesperioden.
This clarifies the Commission understanding that the Chinese electric bicycles industry is switching towards lithium batteries.
Der blev foretaget en justering for at tage højde for forskelle i transportomkostninger og importafgifter.
This was also confirmed by the questionnaire replies of the sampled exporting producers.
Sammenligningen blev foretaget for salg af identiske modeller og viste en prisforskel på mellem 30 % og 50 % i UP.
The fourth document is ‘The Implementation Opinions of Further Promoting Healthy Development of Bicycle Industry in Our City’ published by the Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology of Tianjin.
Den beregnede procentsats blev anvendt for de priser, som de stikprøveudtagne eksporterende producenter betalte for de batterier, som de købte fra de kinesiske indenlandske leverandører.
In line with the provisions contained in the 13th Bicycles plan, the Opinions recommend the use of domestic batteries in the production of electric bicycles and a reduction of their cost: ‘Relying on the domestic leading lithium battery and material R&D and manufacturing enterprises such as Lishen, BAK, and Gateway, we shall enhance the R&D of high-performance, low-cost, safe and reliable lithium batteries for electric bicycles and related supporting technologies’.
Giant hævdede, at der ikke er nogen forbindelse mellem lokalt indkøbte batterier og de elektriske cykler, som den eksporterede til EU.
On the basis of the above, it is clear that the policy designed by the GOC establishes a link between the development of the lithium-ion battery industry and the electric bicycle industry.
I denne forbindelse er det opfattelsen, at den fordel, der er fastlagt i betragtning 491-494 er til gavn for de eksporterende producenter af elektriske cykler, der indkøber indenlandske batterier mod utilstrækkeligt vederlag, og ikke er knyttet til specifikke modeller af elektriske cykler, der sælges.
Furthermore, the policy also foresees that the battery industry shall reduce its costs and prices, through subsidies, in order to promote the development of the electric bicycle industry.
Det blev derfor konkluderet, at Giant-gruppen opnåede en fordel ved køb af indenlandske motorer til fordrejede priser som følge af den kinesiske regerings overdragelse og pålæggelse, som beskrevet i betragtning 462-476.
This clearly shows that by way of these policies the GOC entrusts and directs the producers of batteries to sell them at a low price for the benefit of the downstream electric bicycle industry.
For så vidt angår justeringerne, hævdede Bafang, at de transportomkostninger, der var forbundet med elektriske cykler, ikke kunne være et passende benchmark for transport af batterier, og anmodede Kommissionen om at fremlægge yderligere oplysninger om de foretagne beregninger.
As far as the suppliers of batteries to the sampled exporting producers are concerned, the Commission established in recital (444) that that the members of CBA that provided batteries to the sampled exporting producers represented 33 % of the total domestic quantity supplied to the sampled exporting producers and 31 % of the total domestic purchase value during the IP.
I forlængelse af disse bemærkninger leverede Kommissionen en supplerende endelig fremlæggelse af oplysninger til den berørte part med yderligere oplysninger.
Furthermore, the Commission concluded in recital (383) that the members of the CBA, including suppliers of parts, are subordinated key operators that are entrusted to implement national policy in order to achieve the broader objectives related to the production of electric bicycles.
Under alle omstændigheder blev det anset, at de ønskede oplysninger var af fortrolig karakter, og at virksomhedsspecifikke tal ikke kunne oplyses.
Based on the above and in the absence of any other information, this was considered representative of the situation on the domestic Chinese batteries market.
Kommissionen bemærkede også, at denne påstand ikke blev underbygget med beviser.
More specifically, in the absence of cooperation by any manufacturing supplier of batteries, the Commission had to rely on the information gathered from Bafang that sold batteries on the domestic market and for export.
Der blev ikke modtaget yderligere bemærkninger i denne henseende.
In this context, the investigation revealed that it had sold equivalent models of batteries at significantly more favourable (lower) prices domestically than for export.
Andre interesserede parter påstod, at Bafangs data ikke var et passende benchmark for deres tilfælde, eftersom de ikke havde købt nogen batterier fra Bafang.
The difference was between 30 % and 50 % in the IP.
I denne forbindelse bemærkes det, at i betragtning af den delvise samarbejdsvilje fra den kinesiske regerings side og i mangel af samarbejde fra nogen andre leverandører af batterier, måtte Kommissionen gøre brug af de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger, dvs. oplysningerne fra Bafang, som Kommissionen kunne efterprøve.
Several parties claimed that Bafang's sales of batteries could not be used as a benchmark for the following reasons.
På den baggrund måtte påstanden afvises.
First, Bafang is not a producer of batteries.
Tabel 4
Second, part of the batteries exported as well as sold by Bafang domestically are imported.
Brugsrettigheder til jord mod utilstrækkeligt vederlag
They also claimed that the comparison of Bafang's prices could not be used as a benchmark for batteries since the volume of batteries sold by Bafang was very low during the IP.
Al jord i Kina ejes enten af staten eller af et kollektiv bestående enten af landsbyer eller byområder, inden ejendomsretten til jorden eller brugsretten til jorden (equitable title) kan patenteres eller overdrages til virksomheder eller individuelle ejere.
In this regard, it is first recalled that, in view of the partial cooperation by the GOC as refered to in section 3.3.3 and in the absence of cooperation by any manufacturer of batteries, the Commission had to base its findings on facts available in accordance with Article 28 of the basic Regulation.
Alle jordarealer i byområder er statsejet, og alle jordarealer i landdistrikterne er ejet af de deri liggende landsbyer eller byområder.
On this basis, it was considered that the facts available; i.e. the relevant data pertaining to Bafang, were appropriate and reasonable.
I henhold til forfatningsretten i Kina og jordlovgivningen kan virksomheder og enkeltpersoner imidlertid købe »brugsrettigheder til jord«.
Second, in view of the national policy and provisions of the Bicycle plan, issued by CBA, which aims namely at improving the price performance of lithium batteries and the export performance of electric bicycle exporting producers as mentioned in recitals (112), (113) and (464), it was considered that the source of supply, that is whether the batteries were produced internally, or purchased domestically or even imported, was irrelevant.
For jord til industriel anvendelse er lejemålet normalt på 50 år med mulighed for forlængelse i yderligere 50 år.
What is relevant for the purpose of the investigation is the difference for the producers of the product under investigation between the subsidised price of batteries actually paid and a representative market price they would have paid absent subsidisation.
Ifølge den kinesiske regering kan ejendomsretten til jord til industriel anvendelse i henhold til artikel 5 i statsrådets meddelelse om en styrkelse af forskriften om jord (GF [2006] nr. 31), siden den 31. august 2006 kun gives af staten til industrivirksomheder gennem budrunder eller en lignende offentlig udbudsproces, hvorved den endelige pris ikke må være mindre end den minimale udbudspris.
These models were equivalent as they were identified with the same internal product reference code and had the same capacity in mAH.
Den kinesiske regering mener, at der er et frit marked for jord i Kina, og at den pris, der betales af en industrivirksomhed for lejemål af jord, afspejler markedsprisen.
However, the substantial price difference established between domestic and export markets for equivalent models could not be justified.
Bestemmelsen om brugsrettigheder til jord i Kina hører under Folkerepublikken Kinas lov om jordforvaltning.
Likewise, as for engines, there was no information in the file that would explain that the different price levels were due to particular market conditions on the different markets where the batteries were sold.
Desuden er følgende dokumenter ligeledes en del af retsgrundlaget:
Such hypothesis was in particular contradicted by the information collected in the investigation, i.e. that, as a member of CBA, Bafang is subordinated to this association and that the 13th Bicycle plan, which directly affects CBA, aims at improving the export performance of electric bicycle exporting producers as mentioned in recitals (112) and (113) above.
Folkerepublikken Kinas lov om forvaltning af fast ejendom i byområder (Kinas præsidents bekendtgørelse nr. 18)
As a consequence, in order to contribute to the export performance of the electric bicycle industry, Bafang is entrusted or directed to sell input at cheaper prices on the domestic market so that the Chinese exporting producers of electrical bicycles can reduce their costs and offer their products at significantly lower prices on the export markets than its competitors on the export markets, which have to source batteries at non subsidised prices.
Folkerepublikken Kinas midlertidige forskrifter vedrørende tildeling og overførsel af retten til anvendelse af statsejet jord i byområder
By doing so, the suppliers of batteries are following an irrational behaviour to sell batteries for a lower price on the domestic market rather than seeking a maximisation of their profits by selling the same models of batteries in export markets at a substantially higher prices, thus yielding a substantially higher profit.
Forordning om gennemførelse af Folkerepublikken Kinas lov om jordforvaltning (Folkerepublikken Kinas Statsråds bekendtgørelse [2014] nr. 653)
As a consequence, in order to contribute to the export performance of the industry, it is entrusted to sell input at cheaper prices on the domestic market so that the exporting producers of electrical bicycles can offer their products at significantly lower prices than its competitors on the export markets, that have to source batteries at non subsidised prices.
Bestemmelse om tildeling af brugsrettighed til statsejet bebyggelsesgrund gennem offentligt udbud, auktion og notering
Yadea Group and Bafang claimed that the models that are sold domestically and exported are not the same and thatthese models were sourced from different suppliers.
Meddelelse fra Statsrådet om en styrkelse af forskriften om jord (GF [2006] nr. 31).
Therefore, Bafang suggested that the comparison should be made only on the basis of exactly the same models of batteries sourced by one supplier, whose products are both exported and sold domestically.
I henhold til artikel 10 i bestemmelsen om tildeling af brugsrettighed til statsejet bebyggelsesgrund gennem offentligt udbud, auktion og notering fastsætter lokale myndigheder priserne på jord i henhold til vurderingssystemet for jord i byområder, der kun opdateres hvert tredje år, og til regeringens industripolitik.
Bafang also commented that by limiting the comparisons to the batteries sold by the indicated supplier, would still result in a significant difference between domestic and export prices, although sensibly lower than using the models from all the other suppliers.
I tidligere undersøgelser har Kommissionen konstateret, at priserne for brugsrettigheder til jord i Kina ikke var repræsentative for en markedspris, der bestemmes af udbud og efterspørgsel på det frie marked, eftersom det blev konstateret, at auktionssystemt var uklart, uigennemsigtigt og ikke fungerer i praksis, og det blev konstateret, at priserne fastsættes vilkårligt af myndighederne.
In this regard, it should be noted that that the comparison was made for products that have the same internal reference number for Bafang.
Som nævnt i foregående betragtning fastsætter myndighederne priserne i henhold til vurderingssystemet for jord i byområder, hvor det kræves, at de blandt andre kriterier også skal tage hensyn til industripolitikken ved prissætning af jord til industriel anvendelse, dvs. ved blandt andet at give virksomheder fra visse industrier præferentiel adgang til jord til industriel anvendelse.
As a consequence, it was considered that these models were similar especially given the fact that they have the same power capacity.
Den nuværende undersøgelse viste ingen væsentlige ændringer i denne henseende.
The fact that a comparison based on models sourced from exactly the same source would still result in a significant price difference was found irrelevant.
Kommissionen har f.eks. konstateret, at ingen af de stikprøveudtagne eksporterende producenter var gået gennem en budrunde eller en lignende offentlig udbudsproces for brugsrettigheder til jord, heller ikke for brugsret til jord, der var erhvervet for nylig.
For these reasons, the claims above were rejected.
De stikprøveudtagne eksporterende producenters brugsrettigheder til jord var blevet tildelt af lokale myndigheder til forhandlede priser.
Based on the above, the Commission concluded that the GOC is entrusting or directing Chinese producers of batteries to supply this input for less than adequate remuneration to the domestic producers of electric bicycles.
Ud over vurderingssystemet for jord i byområder findes der også et dynamisk jordovervågningssystem.
Following the disclosure, Giant submitted that according to WTO Appellate Body in US – Countervailing Duty Investigation on DRAMs, ‘mere policy pronouncements’ cannot ‘constitute entrustment or direction for the purposes of Article 1.1(a)(1)(iv) of the SCM Agreement.’
I udløbsundersøgelsen af solcellepaneler med oprindelig i Folkerepublikken Kina konstaterede Kommissionen, at priserne i det dynamiske jordovervågningssystem er højere end de laveste referencepriser, der er fastsat af vurderingssystemet for jord i byområder og benyttes af de lokale myndigheder, da sidstnævnte kun opdateres hvert tredje år, hvorimod den dynamiske overvågning af priser blev opdateret kvartalsvis.
Furthermore, ‘entrustment and direction – through the giving of responsibility to or exercise of authority over a private body – imply a more active role than mere acts of encouragement.’
I den foreliggende undersøgelse – lige som i den ovennævnte udløbsundersøgelse – var der ingen antydning af, at jordpriser var baseret på de dynamiske overvågningspriser.
The Appellate Body concluded that evidence of ‘entrustment or direction of a private body’ would ‘involve some form of threat or inducement.’
Den kinesiske regering havde i løbet af undersøgelsen vedrørende solcellepaneler endda bekræftet, at det dynamiske overvågningssystem overvåger udsvingene i prisniveauerne på jord i bestemte områder (dvs. 105 byer) i Kina og er lavet til at vurdere udviklingen i jordpriserne.
Moreover, Giant also referred to the WTO Panel in US – Export Restraints which noted that ‘both the act of entrusting and that of directing therefore necessarily carry with them the following three elements: (i) an explicit and affirmative action, be it delegation or command; (ii) addressed to a particular party; and (iii) the object of which action is a particular task or duty.’
Udbudspriserne ved udbudsrunder og auktioner var dog baseret på de benchmark, der var fastsat af vurderingssystemet for jord.
Mere supervision or the exercise of general regulatory powers is therefore insufficient to find entrustment and direction.
I dette tilfælde fik grupperne af stikprøveudtagne virksomheder desuden deres jordarealer gennem direkte tildeling.
In this regard, it should be noted that the conclusion of the Commission is not solely based on mere policy pronouncement which is detailed in Section 3.1.
Derfor er det forhold, at dette system eksisterer, irrelevant, da det ikke gjaldt for de eksporterende producenter, der indgik i stikprøven.
It is also based on the role of the CBA, which, as an association grouping not only bicycle producers but also battery manufacturers, is supervised and guided by the highest Chinese authority, i.e. the State Council.
Kommissionen konstaterede, at én af de stikprøveudtagne eksporterende producenter havde modtaget tilbagebetalinger fra lokale myndigheder som kompensation for de priser, virksomheden betalte for en del af dens brugsrettighed til jord, og at en anden eksporterende producent i stikprøven ikke havde betalt det fulde beløb for brugsrettigheder til jord.
Furthermore, it is also recalled that the members of CBA are bound to implement its resolutions and were therefore considered to be subordinated.
Konklusion
The above considerations are also supported by numerous extracts from the specific industry report on batteries listed in recital (459) and more in general from different sources in recitals (464) to (467) showing that the support to the battery sector is functional to its position in the supply chain of electric bicycles.
Resultaterne af denne undersøgelse bekræfter, at situationen vedrørende salg og køb af jord i Kina er uigennemsigtig, og at priserne blev fastsat vilkårligt af myndighederne.
Giant also considered that the Commission had inverted the burden of proof referring to the partial non-cooperation of the GOC with respect to the conclusions made.
Efter fremlæggelsen af oplysninger hævdede en række parter, at ovennævnte konklusion hovedsagelig var baseret på konklusionerne i tidligere undersøgelser, og Kommissionen ikke fremlagde nogen beviser for, at situationen var den samme i denne undersøgelse.
Giant underlined that the burden of proof rests with the Commission and that the Commission has not demonstrated that the provision of electric bicycle batteries is a practice normally vested in the government.
Kommissionen bemærker, at den fandt beviser, jf. betragtning 509-511, som støttede dens konklusion om, at resultaterne af den tidligere undersøgelse stadig var gyldige.
Similarly to the conclusion made in recital (415), it is considered that also for batteries the evidence at hand, which is based on facts available, is sufficient to demonstrate entrustment and direction.
Desuden blev der ikke fremlagt nye beviser til støtte for det modsatte.
On this basis, the Commission considered that it did not invert the burden of proof.
I overensstemmelse hermed bør den kinesiske regerings forsyning af brugsrettigheder til jord betragtes som et subsidiebeløb i henhold til grundforordningens artikel 3, stk. 1, litra a), nr. iii), og artikel 3, stk. 2, idet der indrømmes goder, som har medført en fordel for modtagervirksomhederne.
Subsidisation of battery producers
Som forklaret i betragtning 507-510 findes der ikke noget fungerende marked for jord i Kina, og anvendelsen af en ekstern reference (jf. betragtning 517-527) viser, at det beløb, de eksporterende producenter i stikprøven har betalt for brugsrettighederne til jord, ligger et godt stykke under den normale markedspris.
The Commission first recalls that due to the partial non-cooperation of the GOC it had to establish its findings on the basis of facts available which consisted of the government policies described in section 3.7.3.2 and the specific industry report provided by the complainant and the information provided by the sole cooperating supplier of batteries, that responded to the Commission's questionnaire.
I forbindelse med præferentiel adgang til jord til industriel anvendelse for virksomheder, der tilhører visse industrigrene, skal den pris, der fastsættes af de lokale myndigheder, tage hensyn til regeringens industripolitik, jf. betragtning 508.
The Commission noted in recitals (453) and (454) that the battery industry is listed in the Light industry Development Plan as a ‘key industry’ and such plan identifies a number of policy measures in the form of administrative, market, financial and tax supports available to such key industries.
Inden for denne industripolitik, som beskrevet i betragtning 101, betragtes industrien for elektriske cykler som en nøgleindustri inden for den kinesiske lette industri.
Furthermore, as described in recital (459), the specific battery industry report contains evidence that this industry received ‘preferencial policies’.
Desuden kræver afgørelse nr. 40 fra statsrådet, at de offentlige myndigheder sikrer, at tilskyndede industrier tildeles jord.
On the basis of the above, the Commission concluded that battery producers received subsidies in various forms.
Artikel 18 i afgørelse nr. 40 gør det klart, at industrier, der er begrænset (»restricted«), ikke får adgang til brugsrettigheder til jord.
Several parties commented by referring to the Article 14(d) of the WTO SCM Agreement as well as Article 6(d) of the basic Regulation concerning the adequacy of remuneration which shall be determined in relation to prevailing market conditions for the good or service in question in the country of provision or purchase.
Heraf fremgår, at subsidierne er specifikke i henhold til grundforordningens artikel 4, stk. 2, litra a), og artikel 4, stk. 2, litra c), da den præferentielle forsyning af jord er begrænset til virksomheder, der tilhører visse industrier, og regeringens praksis på dette område er uklar og uigennemsigtig.
In addition, due to the partial non-cooperation of the GOC, the Commission lacked crucial information on the battery market situation in China and on possible adjustments that needed to be made.