natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Derudover blev der i Oxera-undersøgelsen af 4. juli 2011 ikke defineret nogen pålidelige benchmarks til fastsættelse af markedspriser for lufthavnstjenester.
The marketing services agreements are therefore indissociable from the airport services agreement that they echo and that forms their purpose.
Mens det i undersøgelsen hedder, at de valgte sammenligningslufthavne er majoritetsejet af private og finansieres privat, eller på anden måde handler som markedsøkonomiske investorer, er […] lufthavn ejet af Manchester Airports Group, hvori majoriteten er statsejet, i hvilken forbindelse det i Oxera-undersøgelsen af 4. juli 2011 ikke bliver gjort gældende, at […] lufthavn drives på markedsøkonomisk grundlag.
For those reasons, the Commission considers it appropriate to analyse the airport services agreement and the marketing services agreements of 22 January 2002 jointly, with a view to determining whether they constitute State aid.
Med hensyn til […] lufthavn hedder det i undersøgelsen, at den gennemgående var privat ejet.
Austria has agreed in its comments to the extension decision with the approach taken in the extension decision to analyse together the airport services agreement and marketing services agreements signed at the same time.
Det fremgår af alt det ovenstående, at Kommissionen for at anvende det markedsøkonomiske investorprincip på de omhandlede aftaler for hver markedsføringsaftale skal analysere denne aftale og den tilhørende aftale om lufthavnstjenester samlet og fastslå, om en hypotetisk aktør, der handler i en markedsøkonomisk situation i KFBG's sted som operatør af KLU, og som ledes af udsigter til rentabilitet, ville have indgået disse transaktioner.
Ryanair claimed that the conclusion of a marketing agreement was not a condition for the operation of routes by Ryanair to and from an airport.
Med henblik herpå skal Kommissionen vurdere den gradvist stigende rentabilitet af aftalerne, som en markedsøkonomisk investor ville have gjort på tidspunktet for indgåelsen af aftalerne, idet den med hensyn til aftalens løbetid vurderer følgende:
This approach however is not in line with a statement of Sean Coyle, a director of Ryanair, in an email of 4 August 2005 to Mr Johannes Gatterer, CEO of KFBG at the time: ‘[…]the operation is currently loss making and these losses are not sustainable into the future.
den forventede fremtidige større trafik som følge af ikrafttræden af disse aftaler, eventuelt under hensyntagen til markedsføringstjenesternes indvirkning på belægningsprocenten på de af aftalerne omfattede ruter
I appreciate you have 5-year agreement in relation to the marketing amount of EUR […] and naturally on cessation of the services no further quarterly payment falls due and this agreement ceases in line with main contract[…]’.
de forventede fremtidige merindtægter som følge af ikrafttræden af disse aftaler, herunder indtægterne fra lufthavnsafgifterne og groundhandlingtjenesterne, som skabes af de af aftalerne omfattede ruter, samt indtægterne fra andet end luftfart som følge af den ekstra trafik, der skabes ved ikrafttræden af disse aftaler
This statement clearly links the marketing services agreement to its main contract, the airport services agreement.
de forventede fremtidige meromkostninger som følge af ikrafttræden af disse aftaler, herunder driftsomkostninger og eventuelle meromkostninger til investering, som skabes af de af aftalerne omfattede ruter, samt omkostningerne til markedsføringstjenesterne.
Moreover, the facts on record confirm that the approach taken in the extension decision and approved by Austria, is well-founded as it has been demonstrated in recitals 324 to 333 et seq.
Af disse beregninger skal der udledes fremtidige årlige pengestrømme, der svarer til forskellen mellem merindtægter og meromkostninger, som om nødvendigt skal aktualiseres ved hjælp af en sats, der afspejler kapitalomkostningerne for lufthavnsoperatøren.
Therefore, the airport service agreements and marketing services agreements should be assessed jointly.
En positiv nettonutidsværdi angiver i princippet, at de pågældende kontrakter ikke udløser nogen økonomisk fordel, mens en negativ nettonutidsværdi afdækker, at der findes sådan en fordel.
Austria also submitted in its comments to the extension decision, that the second marketing services agreement between DMG and AMS of 22 January 2002 was never executed by the parties.
En forsigtig markedsøkonomisk investor ville ikke have taget hensyn til muligheden for en forlængelse af aftalerne, der er fastsat i to af aftalerne.
As there is no documentation on the alleged replacement apart of the attestation of the absence of a payment on the grounds of the second marketing services agreement, the Commission comes to the conclusion that the evidence available does not prove Austria's view.
Aftalerne blev kun forlænget automatisk, hvis Ryanair opfylder sine forpligtelser i henhold til aftalen fuldt ud.
Moreover, the Commission notes, that even when assuming that the second marketing services agreement was never executed, this would have no impact on the assessment of the costs that a reasonable MEO would have expected: there was no reason that a reasonable MEO would have expected at the moment of the signature of the three marketing services agreements that one of them would not be executed in the future.
Da forlængelsen således afhang af Ryanairs fremtidige adfærd, ville en forsigtig markedsøkonomisk investor, som havde befundet sig i samme situation som KFBG, på tidspunktet for undertegnelsen ikke kunnet have gå ud fra, at den automatiske forlængelse rent faktisk ville ske.
Therefore, even when assuming that the second agreement indeed was not executed this would not have any impact on the assessment of the incremental costs.
Dette understreges også af det forhold, at alle fire aftaler mellem KFBG, DMG, Ryanair, LV og AMS udløb før tid den 29. oktober 2005, da Ryanair indstillede passagertrafikken mellem KLU og STN af økonomiske årsager.
Regarding the benefits that an MEO could have expected to gain from marketing services agreements and the price that it would have been willing to pay for those services
Selv under hensyntagen til en forlængelse af aftalerne med fem år ville en forhåndsvurdering ikke have givet et andet resultat.
In order to be able to apply the MEO principle to the case at hand, the behaviour of KFBG/DMG as signatories of the airport services agreement with Ryanair and the marketing services agreements with AMS and LV must be compared to that of a hypothetical MEO in charge of operating KLU.
Hvis man skulle vurdere en sådan forlængelse med udgangspunkt i de samme forhold, som var gældende i den første femårige periode, ville der igen vise sig negative gradvist stigende betalingsstrømme.
When analysing the transaction in question, it is necessary to assess the benefits that this hypothetical MEO, motivated by the prospect of profits, could gain from purchasing marketing services.
Med henblik på vurderingen af de omhandlede aftaler og under hensyntagen til ovenstående betragtninger bør det huskes, at såvel eksistensen som betydningen af elementer af støtte i disse aftaler skal vurderes under hensyntagen til den fremherskende situation på tidspunktet for deres underskrivelse og nærmere bestemt under hensyntagen til de tilgængelige oplysninger og den forventelige udvikling på dette tidspunkt.
This analysis should not take into account the general impact of such services on tourism and the region's economic performance.
Østrig bemærker, at KFBG/DMG ikke på forhånd har udarbejdet nogen markedsundersøgelser, forretningsplaner eller rentabilitetsberegninger inden indgåelsen af de enkelte aftaler, og at dette heller ikke har været tilfældet inden indgåelsen af de enkelte markedsføringsaftaler.
Only the impact of these services on the airport's profitability should be taken into account, as this would be the only concern for a hypothetical MEO.
Ifølge Ryanair kan manglen på en forretningsplan på tidspunktet for indgåelsen af aftaler som dem, der er omfattet af den formelle undersøgelsesprocedure, ikke bruges som bevis for, at det markedsøkonomiske investorprincip ikke er overholdt.
Thus, marketing services should stimulate passenger traffic on the air routes covered by marketing services agreements and the corresponding airport services agreements, as the marketing services are designed to promote those air routes.
Den manglende forretningsplan tyder på, at de med Ryanair, LV og AMS indgåede aftaler ikke opfylder det markedsøkonomiske investorprincip, idet hverken Østrig eller KFBG i forbindelse med disse aftaler var i stand til at fremlægge en eller anden — selv om den var ufuldstændig — rentabilitetsberegning, som blev udarbejdet inden undertegnelsen af aftalerne.
An increase in passenger traffic may lead to an increase in revenues generated by certain airport charges for the airport operator, as well as an increase in non-aeronautical revenues, in particular from car parks, restaurants and other businesses.
I forbindelse med proceduren opfordrede Kommissionen derfor Østrig til at foretage en rekonstruktion af den rentabilitetsanalyse, som en markedsøkonomisk investor ville have udført før indgåelsen af aftalerne med Ryanair, LV og AMS i 2002, ved at støtte sig til de objektive oplysninger, som KFBG/DMG kendte på tidspunktet for indgåelsen af aftalerne og den forventelige udvikling.
There can therefore be no doubt that an MEO operating KLU in the stead of KFBG/DMG would have taken this positive effect into account when considering entering into the marketing services agreements and the corresponding airport services agreement.
Efter anmodning fra Kommissionen udarbejdede Østrig en oversigt over de meromkostninger og -indtægter, der kunne forventes på tidspunktet for indgåelsen af de pågældende aftaler.
The MEO would have taken into account the impact of the air route in question on future revenues and costs by, in this case, estimating the number of passengers using these routes, which would have reflected the positive effect of marketing services.
Østrig fremlagde for hver af aftalerne relevante data, der er sammenfattet i tabel 9.
Moreover, this effect would have been evaluated for the entire term of operation of the air routes in question, as set out in the airport services agreement and the marketing services agreements.
Tabel 9
When an airport operator enters into an agreement for the promotion of certain air routes, it is standard practice to estimate the load ratio (or the load factor) for the air routes in question and to take this into account when assessing future revenues.
Gradvist stigende rentabilitet af aftalerne med Ryanair, LV og AMS fra 2002, udarbejdet af Østrig
The Commission agrees with Ryanair on this issue, that is to say, that marketing services agreements do not just generate costs for the airport operator, they also bring benefits with them.
5 år
In addition, it has to be determined whether other benefits could reasonably be expected and quantified for a hypothetical MEO operating KLU in the stead of KFBG/DMG, that is to say, other than the benefits from the positive effect on passenger traffic on the air routes covered by the marketing services agreement during the term of operation of these routes, as set out in the marketing services agreements or the airport services agreement.
Kapitaliseringsrentesats:
Certain interested third parties support this argument, in particular Ryanair in its study of 17 January 2014.
Passagerincitament:
The study of 17 January 2014 is based on the theory that marketing services acquired by an airport operator, such as KFBG/DMG, will help to improve the airport's brand image and, as a result, to sustainably increase the number of passengers using the airport and not just the numbers on the air routes covered by the marketing services agreements and the airport services agreement for the term of operation set out in those agreements.
Forbindelser dagligt
In particular, Ryanair found in its study that the marketing services will have sustainable positive effects on passenger traffic in the airport even after the marketing services agreements have expired.
Rotationer pr. år
It should first be noted that there is nothing to suggest that, when the marketing services agreements were entered into, the airport operator ever considered, still less quantified, the marketing services agreements' possible beneficial effects on air routes additional to those covered by the agreement, or the possibility of such effects continuing after the agreements had expired.
Sæder
Moreover, Austria did not suggest any method for estimating the possible value that a hypothetical MEO operating KLU in the stead of KFBG/DMG could have placed on such effects when assessing whether to enter into the agreements in 2002.
Beregningsmodel
In addition, the sustainable nature of these effects cannot be assessed based on the information available.
Forventningsværdier ifølge aftaler
It is possible that advertising Klagenfurt and the region on Ryanair's internet site may have encouraged people visiting that site to buy Ryanair tickets to Klagenfurt when the advertising was first posted or just thereafter.
Belægningsgrad
An advertising campaign is more likely to have a sustainable effect when the promotional activities involve one or more advertising media to which consumers are regularly exposed over a given period.
Passagerer afrejsende
For example, an advertising campaign involving general TV and radio stations, popular internet sites and/or various advertising posters displayed outside or inside public places could have a sustainable effect if consumers are regularly exposed to those media.
Varighed 5 år
However, promotional activities limited to just Ryanair's internet site are unlikely to have an effect that lasts much past the end of that promotion.
Pr. rotation
Thus, even if the marketing services increased passenger traffic on the air routes covered by the marketing services agreements for the period of their implementation, it is likely that this effect was negligible after that period and that the effect on other air routes was similarly insignificant.
pr. afrejsende passager
It also follows from the Ryanair studies of 17 and 31 January 2014 that the generation of benefits going beyond the air routes covered by marketing services agreements or lasting after the period of their implementation for these routes, as set out in the marketing services agreements and airport services agreement, was extremely uncertain and could not be quantified with a degree of reliability that would be considered sufficient by a prudent MEO.
Pr. afrejsende passager — sikkerhedsafgift
Thus, for example, according to the study of 17 January 2014, ‘future incremental profits beyond the scheduled expiry of the airport services agreement are inherently uncertain’.
Pr. afrejsende passager — sikkerhedsafgift
Moreover, that study suggests two methods for evaluating the positive effects of marketing service agreements: a ‘cash flow’ approach and a ‘capitalisation’ approach.
Skattemyndighederne i Wien
The ‘cash flow’ approach involves evaluating the benefits of marketing services agreements and airport services agreements by assessing the future revenues which may be generated by the airport operator through marketing services and the airport services agreement, minus corresponding costs.
Ikkeluftfartsrelaterede merindtægter pr. passager
In the ‘capitalisation’ approach, improvement of the brand image of the airport through marketing services is treated as an intangible asset, acquired for the price laid down in the marketing services agreement.
Luftfartsrelaterede merindtægter
However, the study highlights the major difficulties presented by the ‘capitalisation’ approach and shows that the results produced by this method may be unreliable; it suggests that the ‘cash flow’ approach would be better.
Omkostningsbidrag Kärnten Werbung
In particular, the study finds:
Omkostningsbidrag byen Klagenfurt
‘The capitalisation approach should only take into account the proportion of marketing expenditure that is attributable to the intangible asset base of an airport.
Omkostningsbidrag delstaten Kärnten
However, it may be difficult to identify the proportion of marketing expenditure that is targeted towards generating expected future revenues for the airport (i.e. an investment in the intangible asset base of the airport) as opposed to generating current revenues for the airport.’
Indtægter projekt
It also stresses that:
Markedsføringsaftale Leading Verge om
‘In order to implement the capitalisation-based approach, it is necessary to estimate the average length of time that an airport would be able to retain a customer due to the AMS marketing campaign.
Projektomkostninger på marginalomkostningsbasis
In practice, it would be very difficult to estimate the average period of customer retention following an AMS campaign due to insufficient data.’
Groundhandling ekstern ydelse 51 %
The study of 31 January 2014 proposes a practical application of the ‘cash flow’ approach.
Austro Control — flyvekontrol
Under this approach, the benefits of marketing services agreements and airport services agreements which last even after the marketing services agreement has expired are expressed as a ‘terminal value’ that is calculated on the agreement's expiry date.
Projektomkostninger (2002)
This terminal value is calculated based on the incremental profits expected from the airport services agreement and marketing services agreement in the final year of application of the airport services agreement.
Projektomkostninger/udgifter
Moreover, this method takes into account a discount rate which reflects capital costs.
Overskud
The study suggests a probability factor of 30 %, which it considers prudent.
Diskonteringsfaktor
However, this very theoretical study does not provide any serious evidence for this factor, either quantitatively or qualitatively.
Cost-benefit-analysen viser et positivt diskonteret resultat på (i EUR)
It does not base itself on any facts relating to Ryanair's activities, air transport markets or airport services to substantiate this rate of 30 %.
Afgifter ifølge aftale 22.1.2002
It does not establish any link between this rate and the factors that it mentions in passing (prominence, strong brand, network externalities and repeat passengers) and that are supposed to extend the benefits of the airport services agreement and market service agreement after their expiry dates.
Pr. rotation All inclusive-afgift
Finally, it does not in any way base itself on the specific content of marketing services provided for in the various contracts with AMS when analysing to what extent those services could influence those factors.
Sikkerhedsafgift pr. afrejsende passager
Moreover, it does not prove that there is any likelihood that, on expiry of the airport services agreement and the marketing services agreements, the profits generated by these agreements for the airport operator in the final year of their application will continue in the future.
(fastlagt af de østrigske myndigheder)
Likewise, it provides no evidence that the growth rate of the air transport market in Europe is a useful indicator for measuring the impact of an airport services agreement and marketing services agreements for a given airport.
Groundhandling 2002
A ‘terminal value’ calculated using the method suggested by Ryanair would therefore be highly unlikely to be taken into account by a prudent MEO when deciding whether to enter into an agreement.
Østrig har lagt følgende til grund for oplysningerne i tabel 9:
The study of 31 January 2014 therefore shows that a ‘cash flow’ approach would only lead to very uncertain and unreliable results, as would the ‘capitalisation’ method.
Den forventede gradvist stigende trafikvolumen, dvs. det forventede gradvist stigende passagerantal, blev beregnet med udgangspunkt i det forventede antal flyvninger pr. uge (348 rotationer årligt til London med 189 sæder, højeste tilladte startvægt på 75 t og en udnyttelsesfaktor på 70 %) og ekstrapoleret til løbetiden af aftalen om lufthavnstjenester med Ryanair.
Moreover, neither Austria nor any interested third party has provided any evidence that the method put forward by Ryanair in the study of 31 January 2014, or any other method aiming to quantify the profits after expiry of airport services agreements and marketing services agreements, has been successfully implemented by regional airport operators comparable to Klagenfurt's operator.
Som et resultat heraf anførte Østrig 46040 passagerer pr. år.
Austria has not made any comments on the studies of 17 and 31 January 2014.
De forventede luftfartsrelaterede merindtægter (handling- og landingsafgifter på basis af de daværende lufthavnsafgifter […] EUR pr. rotation og […] EUR pr. afrejsende passager) blev beregnet for løbetiden på fem år af aftalen om lufthavnstjenester på basis af de vilkår, der var aftalt med Ryanair.
Moreover, a terminal value calculated using the method put forward by Ryanair is only positive (and, therefore, only tends to increase the profitability of the airport services agreement and marketing services agreements) if the incremental profit expected from these agreements in the final year of application of the airport services agreement is positive.
Som merindtægter pr. rotation angav Østrig i alt […] EUR pr. år og som merindtægter pr. afrejsende passager i alt […] EUR pr. år.
If it is negative, taking the terminal value into account will usually reduce the profitability of the agreements.
Der blev ikke taget hensyn til sikkerhedsafgiften på […] EUR, idet KFBG overførte dem direkte til de relevante østrigske myndigheder, således at der var tale om beløb, der kun midlertidigt blev godskrevet en interimskonto.
It will be demonstrated below that the 2002 agreements resulted in negative incremental cash flows.
Som et resultat heraf anførte Østrig […] EUR pr. år.
Moreover, as stated above, the marketing services target the route covered by the marketing services agreement.
De forventede ikkeluftfartsrelaterede merindtægter (parkeringsafgifter, indkøb i terminal osv.) er beregnet for hele løbetiden af aftalen om lufthavnstjenester.
If this route is not renewed on expiry of the airport services agreement, it is unlikely that marketing services will continue to have a positive effect on passenger traffic at the airport after the expiry date.
Som merindtægter tog Østrig i sin analyse også hensyn til de betalinger, som KFBG modtog fra delstaten Kärnten ([…] EUR som engangsbetaling i 2002 og […] EUR pr. år), fra byen Klagenfurt ([…] EUR pr. år) og fra Kärnten Werbung ([…] EUR pr. år).
It is very difficult for an airport operator to assess the likelihood of an airline continuing to run a route on expiry of the term to which it has committed itself in the airport services agreement.
Som forventede meromkostninger, dvs. de omkostninger, der opstår ved det alternative scenarie som følge af ikkegennemførelsen af transaktionerne med Ryanair, LV og AMS, angav Østrig følgende betalinger:
Low-cost airlines, in particular, have shown that, when it comes to opening and closing routes, they are very responsive to market conditions which, more often than not, change very quickly.
de betalinger, der var fastlagt i den første markedsføringsaftale mellem LV og DMG ([…] EUR pr. år) samt den betaling, der var fastlagt i den tredje markedsføringsaftale (tillægsskrivelse til den første markedsføringsaftale) mellem LV og DMG (engangsbeløb på […] EUR)
Therefore, when entering into a transaction such as the one being examined in this case, a prudent MEO would not rely on an airline company extending the operation of the route in question on expiry of the agreement.
Østrig bemærkede, at disse groundhandlingtjenester i KLU i årtier har været gennemført af Tyrolean Airways som underleverandør.
The Commission considers that any other possible benefits are too uncertain to be quantified and taken into account and that no such benefits have been concretely demonstrated in the present case.
De 51 % omfattede omkostningerne for de materialer, som Tyrolean Airlines anvendte i forbindelse med groundhandling.
Regarding the comparison of KLU with other airports, Ryanair submitted the Oxera study of 4 July 2011.