natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Erhvervsgrenen anvender udtrykkene solcellepaneler og solcellemoduler i samme betydning, nemlig en række solceller, som er lamineret sammen (oftest 60 og 72), som absorberer sollys som en energikilde til at generere elektricitet.
In accordance with Article 23(3) of the basic Regulation, the assessment of the existence of circumvention was made by analysing successively whether there was a change in the pattern of trade between third countries and the Union;
Erhvervsgrenen anvender udtrykkene solcelle- og fotovoltaisk i samme betydning med hensyn til solceller og moduler, nemlig konvertering af solenergi til elektricitet.
if this change stemmed from a practice, process or work for which there was insufficient due cause or economic justification other than the imposition of the duty;
Fotovoltaiske moduler og paneler af krystallinsk silicium samt celler af den type, der benyttes i fotovoltaiske moduler og paneler af krystallinsk silicium benævnes herefter »solceller og moduler«.
if there was evidence of injury or that the remedial effects of the duty were being undermined in terms of the prices and/or quantities of the like product and whether the imported like product and/or parts thereof still benefit from the subsidy.
Resultater af undersøgelsen vedrørende Kina
Product concerned and the like product
Samarbejdsviljen blandt producenter/eksportører i Kina var lav, og der var kun seks eksportører/producenter, som indsendte en spørgeskemabesvarelse.
The product concerned by the possible circumvention is crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules or panels and cells of the type used in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules or panels (the cells have a thickness not exceeding 400 micrometres), currently falling within CN codes ex85013100, ex85013200, ex85013300, ex85013400, ex85016120, ex85016180, ex85016200, ex85016300, ex85016400 and ex85414090 and originating in or consigned from the People's Republic of China, unless they are in transit in the sense of Article V GATT (‘the product concerned’).
Der kunne derfor ikke på grundlag af de oplysninger, som de samarbejdsvillige parter fremkom med, foretages nogen rimelig vurdering af størrelsen af eksporten af den pågældende vare fra Kina.
The following product types are excluded from the definition of the product concerned:
Ud fra ovenstående blev konklusionerne vedrørende eksporten af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Unionen, Malaysia og Taiwan også fastslået på grundlag af Comext-databasen [4];
solar chargers that consist of less than six cells, are portable and supply electricity to devices or charge batteries,
data indgivet til Kommissionen af medlemsstaterne om import af varer, der er genstand for undersøgelsen og for foranstaltningerne i overensstemmelse med grundforordningens artikel 24, stk. 6, (»database i henhold til artikel 24, stk. 6«);
thin film photovoltaic products,
nationale statistikker fra Kina, Malaysia og Taiwan samt oplysninger i klagen [5].
crystalline silicon photovoltaic products that are permanently integrated into electrical goods, where the function of the electrical goods is other than power generation, and where these electrical goods consume the electricity generated by the integrated crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell(s),
Den importmængde, der er registreret i de malaysiske, taiwanesiske og kinesiske statistikker, dækkede en større varegruppe end den pågældende vare eller den undersøgte vare [6].
modules or panels with a output voltage not exceeding 50 V DC and a power output not exceeding 50 W solely for direct use as battery chargers in systems with the same voltage and power characteristics.
På grundlag af Comext-data, de verificerede data vedrørende kinesiske, malaysiske og taiwanesiske producenter af solceller og moduler og klagen kunne det imidlertid fastslås, at en væsentlig del af denne importmængde omfattede den pågældende vare [7].
The product under investigation is the same as the ‘product concerned’ defined in the previous recitals, but consigned from Malaysia and Taiwan, whether declared as originating in Malaysia and Taiwan or not.
Disse data kunne således anvendes til at fastslå, om der var sket en ændring i handelsmønstret, og kunne krydstjekkes med andre data som f.eks. data fra de samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter og importører.
The investigation showed that crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules or panels and cells of the type used in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules or panels, as defined above, exported to the Union from the PRC and those consigned from Malaysia and Taiwan to the Union have the same basic physical and technical characteristics and have the same uses, and are therefore to be considered as like products within the meaning of Article 2(c) of the basic Regulation.
Ændring i handelsmønstret mellem Kina og EU
The terms solar panel and solar module are used interchangeably by the industry and have the same meaning, namely a set of solar cells laminated together (most often 60 and 72) designed to absorb sunlight as a source of energy for generating electricity.
Tabel 1 viser importmængden af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen efter indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger:
The term solar and photovoltaic are also used interchangeably by the industry and with reference to solar cells and modules have the same meaning, namely converting solar energy into electricity.
Tabel 1
Crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules or panels and cells of the type used in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules or panels henceforth are referred to as ‘solar cells and modules’.
enhed:
Results of the investigation concerning the PRC
megawatt (MW)
There was a low level of cooperation by producers/exporters in the PRC, with only six exporters/producers submitting a questionnaire reply.
Kilde:
Therefore, on the basis of the information submitted by the cooperating parties no reasonable determination could be made as to export volumes of the product concerned from the PRC.
Rapporteringsperioden (RP)
Given the above, findings in respect of exports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to the Union, Malaysia and Taiwan had to be made also on the basis of Comext database [4];
Vækstrate 2012 — RP
the data reported to the Commission by the Member States on the import trade in products subject to investigation and to measures in accordance with Article 24(6) of the basic Regulation (‘Article 24(6) database’);
Import fra Kina
Chinese, Malaysian and Taiwanese national statistics and the information submitted in the request [5].
Andel af samlet import
The import volume recorded in Malaysian, Taiwanese and Chinese statistics covered a larger product group than the product concerned or the product under investigation [6].
Samlet import
However, on the basis of Comext data, the verified data regarding Chinese and Malaysian and Taiwanese producers of solar cells and modules and the request, it could be established that a significant part of this import volume covered the product concerned [7].
Da faldet i importen fra Kina var større end faldet i den samlede import til Unionen, faldt andelen af importen fra Kina med 35 %.
Change in the pattern of trade between the PRC and the EU
Resultatet af undersøgelsen i Malaysia
Table 1 shows the volume of imports of the product concerned from the PRC into the Union since the imposition of the measures in force:
Samarbejdsvilje og fastsættelse af handelsmængderne i Malaysia
Table 1
Som det fremgår af betragtning 9, samarbejdede otte eksporterende producenter i Malaysia ved at indsende fyldestgørende besvarelser af spørgeskemaet.
Evolution of imports of the product concerned from the PRC to the Union in the investigation period;
I forbindelse med tre af de samarbejdsvillige malaysiske virksomheder blev det fundet berettiget at anvende grundforordningens artikel 28, stk. 1, jf. de i betragtning 84 ff. anførte grunde.
unit:
De samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter i Malaysia tegnede sig for 57 % af den samlede import af den pågældende vare fra Malaysia til Unionen i RP, jf. Comext.
megawatt (MW)
Ændring i handelsmønstret i Malaysia
Source:
Import af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen
Reporting Period (RP)
Tabel 2 viser importmængden af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
Growth Rate 2012 — RP
Tabel 2
Imports from the PRC
Udvikling i importen af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden;
Share of total imports
Comext og anmodningen.
Total Imports
Import fra Malaysia
The imports of the product concerned from the PRC to the Union decreased significantly by 66 %.
Da importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen faldt, jf. betragtning 24, steg den samlede import af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen markant med + 245 %.
As the decrease in imports from the PRC was larger than the decrease in total imports into the Union, the share of the Chinese imports fell by 35 %.
Ændringen i handelsmønstret mellem Malaysia og Unionen bliver endnu mere markant for fotovoltaiske moduler af krystallinsk silicium (»moduler«), hvis modulerne analyseres separat og ikke sammen med celler af den type, der benyttes i fotovoltaiske moduler (»celler«).
Results of the investigation in Malaysia
Importmængden af moduler fra Malaysia steg fra 108 MW i 2012 til 1036 MW i RP (+ 860 %).
Degree of cooperation and determination of the trade volumes in Malaysia
Som følge af faldet i den samlede import steg markedsandelen for importen af moduler fra Malaysia til Unionen fra 1 % i 2012 til 17 % i RP (+ 1793 %).
As stated in recital 9, eight exporting producers in Malaysia cooperated by submitting complete questionnaire replies.
Importmængden af celler fra Malaysia steg meget mindre end for moduler — nemlig fra 358 MW i 2012 til 573 MW i RP (+ 60 %).
In the case of three of the cooperating Malaysian companies the application of Article 28(1) of the basic Regulation was found to be warranted for the reasons explained below in recital 84 and following.
Markedsandelen for importen af celler fra Malaysia til Unionen steg fra 10 % i 2012 til 27 % i RP (+ 165 %).
The cooperating Malaysian exporting producers accounted for 57 % of the total Malaysian imports of the product under investigation to the Union in the RP as reported in Comext.
Det fremgår af ovenstående oplysninger, at importen af solceller og moduler fra Malaysia i et vist omfang har erstattet importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen siden den oprindelige undersøgelse i 2012 og indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013.
Change in the pattern of trade in Malaysia
Kinesisk eksport til Malaysia
Imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia into the Union
Malaysiske og kinesiske statistikker og data fra anmodningen blev anvendt til at konstatere tendensen i handelsstrømmene af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia [8].
Table 2 shows the volume of imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia into the Union in the investigation period:
Både de kinesiske og malaysiske statistikker foreligger kun på et højere varegruppeniveau end den pågældende vare [9].
Table 2
Der er en forskel mellem eksportmængderne i de kinesiske statistikker og importmængderne i de malaysiske statistikker, da de relevante toldkoder i de to lande har forskellige varedækninger [10] Som ovenfor.
Comext and request.
Selv om de malaysiske importdata viser meget højere niveauer end de kinesiske eksportdata, viser begge datasæt den samme stigende tendens i eksporten fra Kina til Malaysia.
Imports from Malaysia
Da de malaysiske importdata viser meget højere niveauer end de kinesiske eksportdata, anvendes sidstnævnte for at opnå en mere konservativ analyse.
While the imports of the product concerned from the PRC into the Union dropped as outlined in recital 24, the total imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia to the Union increased significantly by + 245 %.
Der er bevis for, at en del af importen af kinesiske varer til Malaysia blev ukorrekt eller svigagtigt opgivet som andre varer.
The increase was particularly steep after the imposition of the measures in force in 2013.
Eksempelvis blev importen af laminerede solmoduler opgivet som solcelleglas eller som celler, hvorimod de burde opgives som moduler, jf. betragtning 62.
As the total imports decreased substantially due to a fall in the Union consumption, the share of Malaysian imports in total imports into the Union increased even more (+ 553 %) compared to the increase of imports.
Dette er grunden til, at de kinesiske eksportstatistikker i tabel 3 sandsynligvis underdriver importen af moduler og overdriver importen af celler en anelse.
The change in the pattern of trade between Malaysia and the Union becomes even more significant for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules (‘modules’) if they are analysed separately from the cells of the type used in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules (‘cells’).
Tabel 3
The imports of modules from Malaysia in volume increased from 108 MW in 2012 to 1036 MW in the RP (+ 860 %).
Import af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia iflg. de kinesiske statistikker, enhed:
Given the falling total imports, the market share of imports of modules from Malaysia to the Union increased from 1 % in 2012 to 17 % in the RP (+ 1793 %).
Anmodningen, Global Trade Information Services.
The imports of cells from Malaysia increased much less than modules — from 358 MW in 2012 to 573 MW in the RP (+ 60 %).
Kina til Malaysia
The market share of imports of cells from Malaysia into the Union increased from 10 % in 2012 to 27 % in the RP (+ 165 %).
Celler
The data above shows that, since the original investigation was launched in 2012 and the measures in force were imposed in 2013, the imports of solar cells and modules from Malaysia have to some extent replaced the imports of the product concerned from the PRC to the Union.
Moduler
Chinese exports to Malaysia
I alt
To establish the trend of the trade flow of solar cells and modules from China to Malaysia, Malaysian and Chinese statistics as well as data from the request was used [8].
Index celler
Both Chinese and Malaysian statistics are only available at a higher product group level than the product concerned [9].
Index moduler
However, on the basis of Comext data, verified data regarding Chinese and Malaysian producers of solar cells and modules and the request, it was established that a significant part covered the product concerned, so these data could be taken into account [10].
Index i alt
There is a difference between the volumes of exports reported in Chinese statistics and the volumes of imports reported in the Malaysian statistics as the relevant customs codes in two countries have a different scope [10] Idem.
Tabel 4
Although the Malaysian import data report much higher levels than the Chinese export data, both sets of data show the same upward trend of exports from China to Malaysia.
Import af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia iflg. de malaysiske statistikker, enhed:
As the Malaysian import data has much higher level than the Chinese export data, the latter is used for the analysis as a more conservative one.
Import fra Kina til Malaysia
There is evidence that some of the imports of the Chinese product into Malaysia were wrongly or fraudulently declared as other products.
Importen af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia steg med mere end 800 % iflg. de kinesiske eksportdata og med mere end 400 % iflg. de malaysiske data.
For example the imports of laminated solar modules were declared as solar glass or were declared as cells, whereas they should be reported as modules as explained in recital 62.
Tabel 5 viser udviklingen i forbruget på hjemmemarkedet i Malaysia i rapporteringsperioden.
This is why the Chinese export statistics shown in Table 3 most likely underestimate the imports of modules and can slightly overstate the imports of cells.
Forbruget af moduler på det malaysiske hjemmemarked lå langt under niveauet for eksporten fra Kina efter indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013, jf. tabel 5.
Table 3
Udviklingen i det hjemlige forbrug berettiger således ikke en sådan stigning i importen solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia.
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia according to Chinese statistics, Unit:
Tabel 5
Request, Global Trade Information Services.
Udviklingen i forbruget af solcellemoduler på hjemmemarkedet i Malaysia i 2012, 2013 og 2014, enhed:
PRC to Malaysia
Anmodningen.
Cells
Hjemmemarkedsforbrug af moduler
Modules
Indeks
Total
Konklusion om ændringen i handelsmønstret i Malaysia
Index Cells
Omgåelsens art i Malaysia
Index Modules
Ifølge grundforordningens artikel 23, stk. 1, skal ændringen i handelsmønstret skyldes praksis, forarbejdning eller bearbejdning, for hvilken der ikke foreligger nogen tilstrækkelig gyldig grund eller økonomisk begrundelse ud over indførelsen af tolden.
Index Total
Ovennævnte praksis, forarbejdning eller bearbejdning omfatter blandt andet afsendelse af den af foranstaltninger omfattede vare via tredjelande.
Table 4
Omladning
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia according to Malaysian statistics, Unit:
Importen af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen udgjorde mere end 46 % af den samlede import fra Malaysia i rapporteringsperioden, jf. Comext.
Imports from PRC to Malaysia
Samarbejdsgraden for celler var på 100 %, og alle celleproducenter, der samarbejdede i forbindelse med undersøgelsen, blev anset for at være egentlige producenter.
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia increased by more than 800 % according to Chinese export data and by more than 400 % according to Malaysian data.
Importen af moduler fra ikke samarbejdsvillige virksomheder udgjorde 71 % af den samlede import af moduler fra Malaysia i samme periode.
Table 5 shows the evolution of the domestic consumption in Malaysia in the reporting period.
de kan derfor kun importeres til Malaysia med henblik på hjemmemarkedsforbruget eller omladning.
Therefore, the evolution of the domestic consumption does not justify such an increase of imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia.
De høje importniveauer for moduler fra Kina oversteg hjemmemarkedsforbruget, jf. betragtning 36, og den udbredte mangel på samarbejdsvilje blandt de malaysiske producenter viser, at en større del af de moduler, der blev afsendt fra Kina til Unionen, må være blevet omladet via Malaysia.
Table 5
Som det fremgår af betragtning 84 ff., kunne det desuden konstateres, at en række af de samarbejdsvillige malaysiske producenter gav vildledende oplysninger, navnlig når det gælder forholdet til kinesiske fabrikanter, importen af færdige produkter fra Kina og oprindelsen af eksporten af den pågældende vare til Unionen.
Evolution of domestic consumption of solar modules in Malaysia in the years 2012, 2013 and 2014, unit:
Desuden indledte Det Europæiske Kontor for Bekæmpelse af Svig (OLAF) i 2014 en undersøgelse af den påståede omladning af solceller og moduler via Malaysia.
Malaysia
Undersøgelsen pågår stadig.
Domestic Consumption of modules
Ud fra ovenstående betragtninger blev det bekræftet, at der finder omladning sted af den undersøgte vare via Malaysia.
Index
Resultatet af undersøgelsen i Taiwan
Conclusion on the change in the pattern of trade in Malaysia
Samarbejdsvilje og fastsættelse af handelsmængderne i Taiwan
The investigation found evidence of the decrease in imports from the PRC to the Union and the parallel increase in exports from the PRC to Malaysia and of exports from Malaysia to the Union of solar cells and modules after the original investigation was launched in 2012 and the measures in force were imposed in 2013.
Som det fremgår af betragtning 10, samarbejdede 23 virksomheder eller virksomhedsgrupper i Taiwan i forbindelse med undersøgelsen og indsendte fyldestgørende besvarelser af spørgeskemaet.
These changes in trade flows constitute a change in the pattern of trade between the above mentioned countries on the one hand and the Union on the other hand.
De samarbejdsvillige taiwanesiske eksporterende producenter tegnede sig for 63,3 % af den samlede eksport af den pågældende vare fra Taiwan til Unionen i UP, jf. Comext.
Nature of the circumvention practice in Malaysia
Ændring i handelsmønstret i Taiwan
Article 23(1) of the basic Regulation requires that the change in the pattern of trade stems from a practice, process or work for which there is insufficient due cause or economic justification other than the imposition of the duty.
Import af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen
The practice, process or work includes, inter alia, the consignment of the product subject to measures via third countries.
Tabel 6 viser importmængden af den pågældende vare fra Taiwan til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
Transhipment
Tabel 6
The imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia into the Union accounted for more than 46 % of total imports from Malaysia in the reporting period as reported by Comext.
Udvikling i importen af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
The cooperation for cells was 100 % and all the cells producers who cooperated in the investigation were found to be genuine producers.
Import fra Taiwan
The imports of modules by the non-cooperating companies constituted 71 % of total imports of modules from Malaysia in the same period.
Samlet import
The modules are the final product;
Importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen faldt markant efter indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i december 2013, jf. betragtning 24.
therefore they can be only imported into Malaysia for the domestic consumption or transhipment.
På den anden side steg importmængden af den pågældende vare fra Taiwan til Unionen markant (+ 30 %) i samme periode.
The high level of imports of modules from the PRC exceeding the domestic consumption as indicated in recital 36 and the high level of non-cooperation by the Malaysian show that a large proportion of modules consigned from the PRC must have been transhipped via Malaysia to the Union.
Da den samlede import til Unionen af den undersøgte vare faldt, steg markedsandelen for importen af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen fra 9 % i 2012 til 22 % i RP (stigning på + 147 %).
In addition, as set out in detail in recital 84 and following, it was found that a number of the cooperating Malaysian producers provided misleading information, in particular regarding the relationship to Chinese manufacturers, imports of finished goods from China and the origin of exports of the product under investigation to the Union.
Det fremgår af ovenstående oplysninger, at importen af solceller og moduler fra Taiwan i et vist omfang har erstattet importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen siden den oprindelige undersøgelse i 2012 og indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013.
Some of them were found to export Chinese origin crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules to the Union, some other companies were found to have fraudulently declared key components as solar glass and to have falsified the invoices.
Kinesisk eksport til Taiwan
In addition, in 2014 the European Anti-fraud Office (OLAF) started an investigation into alleged transhipment of solar cells and modules via Malaysia.
Myndighederne i Taiwan fremlagde statistikker for import og eksport af solceller og moduler fra frihandelszoner og frilagre (»frizoner«).
This investigation is still ongoing.
I Taiwan er der forbud mod import af solceller og moduler fra Kina.
In light of the considerations above the existence of transhipment of the product under investigation via Malaysia has therefore been confirmed.
Kinesiske solceller og moduler samt andre nøglekomponenter kan derfor kun anbringes i frizoner med henblik på efterfølgende reeksport eller anvendelse som råvarer i et andet produkt, der reeksporteres.
Results of the investigation in Taiwan
Kommissionen bemærker, at næsten al import af celler og moduler til frizoner kom fra Kina.
Degree of cooperation and determination of the trade volumes in Taiwan
De fremlagte oplysninger vedrører 2012, 2013 og 2014.
As stated in recital 10, 23 groups of companies or companies in Taiwan cooperated and submitted complete questionnaire replies.