natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Den samlede produktion, produktionskapacitet og kapacitetsudnyttelse i Unionen udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
These grants are also specific within the meaning of Articles 4(2)(a) and 4(3) of the basic Regulation given that they appear to be limited to certain companies or specific projects in specific regions and/or the steel industry.
Tabel 6
These grants do not meet the non-specificity requirements of Article 4(2)(b) of the basic Regulation, given that the eligibility conditions and the actual selection criteria for enterprises to be eligible are not transparent, not objective and do not apply automatically.
Produktionsmængde (ton)
In all cases the companies provided information as to the amount of the grant, and from whom the grant was received.
Produktionskapacitet (ton)
The companies concerned also mostly booked this income under the heading ‘subsidy income’ in their accounts and had had these accounts independently audited.
Kapacitetsudnyttelse
This has been taken as positive evidence of a subsidy that conferred a countervailable benefit.
I den betragtede periode steg EU-erhvervsgrenens produktionsmængde med 2 % til trods for det faktum, at én italiensk EU-producent reducerede sin produktion betydeligt i samme periode (– 3 mio. ton).
Therefore, the Commission decided that the verified findings during on-the-spot verifications represented a reasonable indicator of the level of subsidisation in this respect.
De oplyste kapacitetstal vedrører den tekniske kapacitet, hvilket betyder, at der er blevet taget hensyn til de justeringer, der af erhvervsgrenen anses for rutinemæssige og vedrører installationsperioder, vedligeholdelse, flaskehalse og andre almindelige produktionsstandsninger.
As those grants share common features, they are awarded by a public authority and are not part of a wider subsidy programme, but individual grants, the Commission assessed them together.
Produktionskapaciteten faldt i den betragtede periode på grund af produktionsstandsninger i Belgien og i Italien.
In its reply to the disclosure the GOC claimed that not enough detail was provided by the Commission in order to justify the specificity of these grants.
Den forøgede kapacitetsudnyttelsesgrad var et resultat af en svag stigning i produktionsmængden, som primært skyldtes stigningen i det bundne forbrug (+ 4 %) og det frie forbrug (+ 12 %), på trods af den betydelige reduktion af produktionsmængden hos især én italiensk EU-producent.
It should be pointed out, however, that very little detail was supplied to the Commission relating to these grants in questionnaire replies.
Salgsmængde og markedsandel
The sampled exporting producers did not challenge the amounts calculated by the Commission, which were disclosed to them.
EU-erhvervsgrenens salgsmængde og markedsandel på det frie marked udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
They also did not challenge the fact that these grants were received from the GOC.
Salgsmængde (ton)
The fact that the Commission stated that the grants ‘appear’ to be limited exactly refers to this lack of transparency concerning the existence of objective eligibility criteria for the sampled companies.
Markedsandel
The Commission did not accept that this approach demonstrates any failing to justify the specificity of the countervailed grants.
EU-erhvervsgrenens salgsmængde på EU-markedet forblev relativt stabil i den betragtede periode, dvs. på mellem 27 og 28 mio. ton.
The claim that the Commission did not meet the required standard for specificity was therefore rejected.
I den betragtede periode faldt EU-erhvervsgrenens markedsandel med hensyn til EU-forbruget med mere end 9 procentpoint, dvs. fra 86,8 % til 77,7 %.
The amount of subsidy established with regard to this type of subsidies during the IP for the sampled exporting producers was as follow:
Faldet i EU-erhvervsgrenens markedsandel var betydeligt større end den lave stigning i dens salgstal for det frie forbrug på EU-markedet.
Ad hoc grants
For så vidt angår det bundne forbrug på EU-markedet udviklede salgsmængden og markedsandelen sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
Other grant schemes
Tabel 8
No financial contribution was received by the sampled exporting producers from the remaining grant programmes mentioned in section 3.3(iii) above during the IP.
Det bundne forbrug på EU-markedet (ton)
Total for all grant schemes
Den bundne mængde på EU-markedet (ton)
The total subsidy amounts established with regard to all grants during the IP for the sampled exporting producers were as follows:
EU-erhvervsgrenens samlede produktion (ton)
Grants
% af den bundne mængde i forhold til den samlede produktion
‘Foreign Trade Transformation and Upgrading Demonstration Bases’ (‘Demonstration Bases’) and ‘Common Service Platforms’
EU-erhvervsgrenens bundne salgsmængde (bestående af den bundne anvendelse og det bundne salg på EU-markedet) på EU-markedet steg med 4 % i den betragtede periode, fra ca. 40,7 mio. ton i 2011 til 42,2 mio. ton i undersøgelsesperioden.
This subsidy programme had been challenged by the USA at the WTO.
EU-erhvervsgrenens markedsandel på det bundne marked (udtrykt som en procentdel af den samlede produktion) forblev stabil i den betragtede periode og lå på mellem 55,7 % og 56,7 %.
In April 2016, China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding [52], in which China committed itself to terminate, amend or replace all the legal instruments connected to this programme.
Beskæftigelse og produktivitet
During consultations, the GOC provided further proof of the implementation of these commitments.
Beskæftigelsen blev beregnet ved kun at medregne de ansatte, der direkte arbejdede med samme vare i EU-producenternes forskellige stålvirksomheder.
In addition, none of the sampled companies had benefited from this programme during the IP.
Denne metode har givet nøjagtige data, der er forholdsvis lette at beregne.
Therefore, the Commission considered that there was no evidence of subsidisation to be countervailed under this programme.
Beskæftigelsen og produktiviteten udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
Subsidisation of the provision of HRF imports to the EU
Tabel 9
The complainant claimed that the GOC is providing a financial contribution to various actors in the supply chain of the HRF by providing HRF products at less than adequate remuneration as a result of its interventions in the production of HRF in the PRC, e.g. by offering policy loans, raw materials and energy at less than adequate remuneration, and that the benefit of this overall scheme is spread to all actors of the supply chain including the exporting producers in the PRC (who can continue operations and receive economies of scale), the related importers in the EU (who gain market share), the end customers in the EU (they buy at a price they know is lower in the market) and to the GOC itself (who achieves its policy objectives).
Antal ansatte
The Commission observed that the basic Regulation tackles subsidies given by foreign governments to their exporting producers, which distort competition when they export to the European Union.
(fuldtidsbeskæftigelse/ansat)
Recital (5) requires that there has been a financial contribution by a government or a public body ‘within the territory’ of the subsidizing country.
Produktivitet (ton/ansat)
Moreover, Article 4 of the basic Regulation refers to the concept of specificity when a foreign government gives a subsidy to its industry ‘within the jurisdiction of the granting authority’.
Beskæftigelsen i EU-erhvervsgrenen gik tilbage i den betragtede periode for at mindske produktionsomkostningerne og øge effektiviteten på baggrund af den voksende konkurrence fra den kinesiske — samt anden — import på markedet.
It follows that subsidies given by a foreign government to entities outside its jurisdiction, such as unrelated importers in the European Union or even the end customer in the European Union are not covered by the instrument insofar as they cannot be attributed to the exporting producer.
Dette førte til en reduktion af arbejdsstyrken med 5 % i den betragtede periode uden at medregne den indirekte beskæftigelse.
The Commission did not find evidence that countervailable subsidies are provided by GOC to entities which are related to the exporting producer.
Som følge heraf, og i betragtning af den svagt stigende produktionsmængde (+ 2 %) i den betragtede periode, steg produktiviteten for EU-erhvervsgrenens arbejdsstyrke, målt som output pr. ansat pr. år, betydeligt mere (+ 7 %) end stigningen i den faktiske produktion.
Upon disclosure, the complainant stated that the Commission's interpretation of recital 5 and Article 4 of the basic Regulation were erroneous.
Dette viser, at EU-erhvervsgrenen var villig til at tilpasse sig de ændrede markedsvilkår for at forblive konkurrencedygtig.
In its view, Recital 5 is not a binding norm and to the extent to which there is a territorial requirement, it does not apply an overriding requirement.
Lagerbeholdninger
In support of this contention, the complainant cited recital 3 of the basic Regulation according to which WTO rules — which do not have a territorial restriction under the Panel's finding in Brazil — Aircraft [53]- should be taken into account.
EU-producenternes lagerbeholdninger udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
With respect to Article 4 of the basic Regulation, the complainant found support for its interpretation in paragraph 4, according to which there is specificity of export- contingent subsidies.
Tabel 10
The Commission rejected these arguments.
Slutlagre (ton)
First of all, the recitals of the basic regulation are legally binding, as they set out the motivation of the basic Regulation.
Slutlagre i procent af produktionen
As such they form an important source for the interpretation of the legal act.
I den betragtede periode faldt slutlagrenes omfang en smule.
Second, the complainant does not follow its own position, when it tries to oppose the territoriality element in recital 5 by reference to another recital, namely recital 3.
De fleste typer af den samme vare produceres af EU-erhvervsgrenen på grundlag af brugernes specifikke ordrer.
It is unclear, why recital 3 should be legally non-binding, while recital 3 would be legally binding.
Derfor betragtes lagerbeholdninger ikke som en vigtig skadesindikator for denne erhvervsgren.
Hence, the formal argument against recital 5 is not convincing.
Dette bekræftes også, når man ser på udviklingen i slutlagrene i procent af produktionen.
Third, the authority of the Panel in Brazil — Aircraft does not cover the present case.
Som det fremgår ovenfor, forblev denne indikator forholdsvis stabilt på ca. 3,5 % til 4 % af produktionsmængden.
In the Panel case the subsidy was given to the aircraft suppliers within Brazil and shared with purchasers outside.
De udligningsberettigede subsidiers størrelse
Here, the subsidy would not be given to Chinese producers in China at all, but only to actors outside.
Det udligningsberettigede subsidiebeløb for Kina, som er nærmere beskrevet i ovenstående afsnit om subsidier, er betydeligt.
Fourth, the reference to Article 4(4) of the basic Regulation does not support the complainant's point either.
I betragtning af omfanget af og priserne på den subsidierede import fra det pågældende land kan virkningen af den faktiske subsidiemargen ikke anses for at være ubetydelig.
Under the provision, a subsidy is specific when the granting authority gives it to a producing company located within its jurisdiction with the proviso that it should be used for export purposes.
Vækst
That is fundamentally different from granting a subsidy directly to an actor outside its jurisdiction.
EU-forbruget (på det frie marked) steg med ca. 12 % i den betragtede periode, mens EU-erhvervsgrenens salgsmængde på EU-markedet forblev stabil.
For these reasons, the Commission maintained its position that subsidies given by foreign government to entities outside its jurisdiction, such as unrelated importers in the European Union or even the end customer in the European Union are not covered by the instrument insofar as they cannot be attributed to the exporting producer.
EU-erhvervsgrenen oplevede dermed et tab i markedsandele, hvorimod markedsandelen for importen fra det pågældende land steg i den betragtede periode.
Conclusion on subsidisation
Mikroøkonomiske indikatorer
The Commission calculated the amount of countervailable subsidies in accordance with the provisions of the basic Regulation for the sampled companies by examining each subsidy or subsidy programme, and added these figures together to calculate a total amount of subsidisation for each exporting producer for the IP.
Priser og faktorer, som påvirker priserne
To calculate the overall subsidisation below, the Commission first calculated the percentage subsidisation, being the subsidy amount as a percentage of the company's total turnover.
EU-producenternes vejede gennemsnitlige enhedssalgspriser på det frie marked i Unionen udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
This percentage was then used to calculate the subsidy allocated to exports of the product concerned to the Union during the IP.
Tabel 11
The subsidy amount per tonne of product concerned exported to the Union during the IP was then calculated, and the margins below calculated as a percentage of the Costs, Insurance and Freight (‘CIF’) value of the same exports per tonne.
Salgspriser på det frie marked i Unionen
In accordance with Article 15(3) of the basic Regulation, the total subsidy amount for the cooperating companies not included in the sample is calculated on the basis of the total weighted average amount of countervailing subsidies established for the cooperating exporting producers in the sample with the exclusion of negligible amounts as well as the amount of subsidies established for the grants of Jiangsu Shagang Group which are subject to the provisions of Article 28(1) of the basic Regulation.
Kilde: Spørgeskemabesvarelser fra EU-producenter i stikprøven.
However, the Commission did not disregard findings related to preferential lending even if it had to rely partially on best facts available to determine those amounts.
Salgspris (EUR/ton)
Indeed, the Commission considered that the best facts available and used in those cases did not affect substantially the information needed to determine the amount of subsidisation through the preferential leading in a fairly manner, so that exporters who were not asked to cooperate in the investigation were not prejudiced by using this approach.
Produktionsomkostninger pr. enhed (EUR/ton)
In any event, the Commission recalled that non-sampled cooperating companies can have recourse to accelerated reviews in accordance with Article 20 of the basic Regulation.
Ovenstående tabel viser udviklingen i enhedssalgspriserne på det frie marked i Unionen i forhold til de tilsvarende produktionsomkostninger.
Given the high rate of cooperation of Chinese exporting producers, the amount for ‘all other companies’ was set at the level of the highest amount established for the sampled companies.
Salgspriserne var i gennemsnit lavere end enhedsproduktionsomkostningerne, med undtagelse af 2014, hvor markedet begyndte at tage fart, og hvor den kinesiske imports markedsandel var lavere end i undersøgelsesperioden.
The ‘all other companies’ amount will be applied to those companies which did not cooperate in the investigation.
I 2012 og 2013 påvirkede eftervirkningerne af gældskrisen i eurozonen — samt en faldende efterspørgsel efter stål i 2012 — EU-erhvervsgrenens resultater negativt.
Company name
I 2014 samt i første halvår af 2015 begyndte EU-erhvervsgrenen at rejse sig igen på grund af dens indsats for at forblive konkurrencedygtig navnlig ved at øge produktiviteten hos EU-erhvervsgrenens arbejdsstyrke, som anført i betragtning (443), hvilket resulterede i produktivitetsstigninger og i en forbedret kapacitetsudnyttelse.
Amount of countervailable subsidies
Arbejdskraftomkostninger
Other cooperating companies
EU-producenternes gennemsnitlige arbejdskraftomkostninger udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
All other companies
Tabel 12
INJURY
Gennemsnitlige arbejdskraftomkostninger pr. ansat
Definition of the Union industry and Union production
Gennemsnitlige arbejdskraftomkostninger pr. ansat (i EUR)
Within the Union, 17 companies provided production and sales data in the standing exercise and indicated that they produced the like product during the investigation period.
Indeks (2011 = 100)
Based on the available information from the complaint, these 17 companies are representing around 90 % of the production of the like product in the Union.
I den betragtede periode steg den gennemsnitlige løn pr. ansat med 4 %.
Apart from these 17 companies, there were five other companies producing the like product during the investigation period.
Rentabilitet, likviditet, investeringer, investeringsafkast og evne til at rejse kapital
The total Union production during the investigation period was established at around 74,7 million tonnes.
EU-producenternes rentabilitet, likviditet, investeringer og investeringsafkast udviklede sig i den betragtede periode som følger:
The Commission established the figure on the basis of all the available information concerning the Union industry, such as information from the complainant and from all known producers in the Union.
Tabel 13
As indicated in recital (18), six Union producers were selected in the sample representing 45 % of the total Union production of the like product.
Rentabilitet, likviditet, investeringer og investeringsafkast
This is a representative sample.
Rentabilitet ved salg i Unionen på det frie marked (% af omsætningen)
The Union producers accounting for the total Union production constitute the Union industry within the meaning of Article 9(1) of the basic Regulation and are referred to as the ‘Union industry’.
Likviditet (1000 EUR)
The business model of the Union producers and their degree of vertical integration varies.
Investeringer (1000 EUR)
Nevertheless, the Union industry can overall be characterised as an industry with a high degree of vertical integration, as further explained in recital (408) below.
Investeringsafkast
Union consumption
Kommissionen beregnede EU-producenternes rentabilitet som nettounderskuddet før skat ved salg af samme vare på det frie EU-marked udtrykt i procent af omsætningen af et sådant salg.
As mentioned in recital (45) above, the product concerned falls within a number of CN codes including certain ex codes.
Rentabiliteten udviklede sig negativt i den betragtede periode: der var tab i alle tre år, med undtagelse af 2014.
In order not to underestimate Union consumption, and in view of the apparent marginal impact of such codes on total consumption, import volumes of CN ex codes have been fully accounted for the purpose of calculating Union consumption.
Selv om tabene i årene 2012 og 2013 er delvis forbundet med eftervirkningerne af gældskrisen i euroområdet (sammen med en faldende efterspørgsel på stål i 2012), kunne EU-producenterne delvist rejse sig i løbet af 2014 og første halvår af 2015.
As the Union industry is mostly vertically integrated and the product concerned is regarded as a primary material for the production of various value added downstream products, starting with cold-rolled products, captive and free market consumptions were analysed separately.
Nettolikviditeten er et udtryk for EU-producenternes evne til at selvfinansiere deres aktiviteter.
The distinction between captive and free market is relevant for the injury analysis because products destined for captive use are not exposed to direct competition from imports, and transfer prices are set within the groups according to various price policies.
Tendensen for nettolikviditeten varierer betydeligt i den betragtede periode, men forblev generelt positiv, hvilket primært skyldtes ikke-kontante omkostninger, som f.eks. afskrivninger.
By contrast, production destined for the free market is in direct competition with imports of the product concerned, and prices are free market prices.
Eftersom det samlede investeringsafkast forblev negativt i alle årene, med undtagelse af 2014, reducerede EU-erhvervsgrenen sine investeringer med 13 % mellem 2012 og 2015.
To provide a picture of the Union industry that is as complete as possible, the Commission obtained data for the entire activity of the like product and determined whether the production was destined for captive use or for the free market.
Evnen til at rejse kapital er blevet påvirket af tabene i den betragtede periode, hvilket fremgår af faldet i investeringer.
The Commission found that around 60 % of the total Union producers' production was destined for captive use.
Tabellen nedenfor indeholder en oversigt over kvartalerne i 2015, eftersom klageren hævdede i sin klage, at der skete en betydelig forværring i andet halvår af 2015.
Captive consumption on the Union market
Oplysningerne i tabellen bekræfter netop en betydelig forværring i andet halvår af 2015, hvad angår rentabiliteten og nettosalgsprisen, på grund af yderligere faldende salgspriser på det frie EU-marked.
The Commission established the Union captive consumption on the basis of the captive use and captive sales on the Union market of all known producers in the Union.
Tabel 14
On this basis, the Union captive consumption developed as follows:
Rentabilitet pr. kvartal for EU-producenterne i stikprøven
Table 1
Kvartal af 2015
Captive consumption on the Union market (tonnes)
Rentabilitet (tab) pr. kvartal for virksomhederne (i mio. EUR)
Source: Eurofer questionnaire reply.
Nettosalgspris pr. ton
Captive consumption
Nettosalget på det frie marked
Index (2012 = 100)
(i mio. EUR)
During the period considered the Union captive consumption on the Union market increased by around 4 %.
Rentabilitet i procent
This increase is mainly due to a growth of the captive markets, including manufacturing parts such as for the automotive industry.
Første
Free market consumption on the Union market
Andet
The Commission established the Union free market consumption on the basis of (a) the sales on the Union market of all known producers in the Union and (b) the imports into the Union from all third countries as reported by Eurostat, thereby also considering the data submitted by the cooperating exporting producers in the country concerned.
Tredje
On this basis, the Union free market consumption developed as follows:
Fjerde
Table 2
I alt
Free market consumption (tonnes)
Konklusion vedrørende væsentlig skade
Free market consumption
På den ene side kunne hele EU-erhvervsgrenen øge sin produktionsmængde en smule (på trods af den betydelige reduktion af produktionen hos især én stor italiensk producent) og forbedre sin kapacitetsudnyttelsesgrad som følge af stigningen i det bundne og det frie forbrug.
During the period considered, the Union free market consumption increased by around 12 %.
Der blev også taget konkrete skridt til at forbedre effektiviteten ved at sikre et stramt greb om produktionsomkostningerne (hovedsagelig råmaterialer) og ved at øge produktionen pr. ansat.
The increase is mainly due to the economic recovery of the downstream industry.
Som følge heraf faldt produktionsomkostningerne med 25 %.
By merging the two previous tables, the overall consumption (thus totalling the captive and free market consumption) evolved as follows during the period considered:
Desuden forblev dens likviditet positiv i hele den betragtede periode.
Table 3
EU-producenterne i stikprøven kunne stadig foretage investeringer på ca. 250-330 mio. EUR om året i den betragtede periode.
Overall consumption (captive and free market) (tonnes)
Men på trods af EU-erhvervsgrenens bestræbelser på at forbedre sine overordnede resultater har der på den anden side været andre skadesindikatorer, der viste en forværring af situationen på det frie marked: Med undtagelse af 2014 og begyndelsen af 2015, hvor EU-erhvervsgrenen begyndte at rejse sig en smule igen, led den — i hele den betragtede periode — tab, som nåede uholdbare niveauer i andet halvår af 2015.
Source: Eurofer questionnaire reply and Eurostat.