natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Desuden hævdede den kinesiske regering også, at Kommissionens analyse og konklusion om, at de kinesiske statsejede banker er offentlige organer, manglede de mest grundlæggende retsstandarder og henviste også til de relevante retlige og bevismæssige standarder, jf. afgørelsen truffet af appelorganet i sagen US — Carbon Steel India, og burde gå videre end til en fastlæggelse af en stats ejerskab af og betydelig kontrol med en enhed, dvs. fastlæggelsen bør omfatte en analyse af de »grundlæggende karakteristika og funktioner i den relevante enhed, dens forbindelser til regeringen, og de juridiske og økonomiske vilkår, der er gældende i det land, hvor den undersøgte enhed driver forretning«.
The information on the file did not allow establishing the ownership structure of the remaining six banks, for which the GOC had not provided any information.
Den kinesiske regering henviste også til konklusionerne om statslig indgriben som følge af PBOC's indflydelse på udlånsrenter og -politikker og påberåbelsen af artikel 38 i bankloven.
Due to the lack of cooperation from the GOC concerning the six banks other than the four banks verified, the Commission had to apply facts available in order to assess whether those six banks are public bodies.
Endelig henviste den til, at Kommissionens afgørelse i den oprindelige undersøgelse var urigtig og mangelfuld, jf. betragtning 163-167 i den oprindelige forordning.
First, the Commission established that those banks are publicly owned (see previous recital and recital 106 above).
I den henseende har Kommissionen præciseret sin analyse af dette spørgsmål.
The Commission, second, found that the four sampled banks accounted for a substantial part [15-25 %] of the loans that the three sampled companies had obtained during the RIP.
I betragtning 100 — 106 fastsætter Kommissionen de nærmere omstændigheder, baseret på hvilke den drog konklusionen om, at de fleste af de banker, som havde ydet lån til de stikprøveudtagne virksomheder, var offentligt ejede.
Therefore, findings for them could be considered representative.
For så vidt angår det retlige og økonomiske miljø, henviser Kommissionen herved til konklusionerne i betragtning 139, der blev draget på grundlag af artikel 34 i bankloven.
The Commission, third, observed that the majority of loan contracts of all ten banks, which the Commission had obtained from the three sampled cooperating producers, followed the same or similar patterns, and that the lending rate had been agreed in the majority of cases by all banks was based on PBOC benchmark rate plus mark-up of below market rate.
Det forhold, at bankerne udøver statslig myndighed, bekræftes også ved hjælp af artikel 7 og 15 i General Rules on Loans (gennemført af PBOC), som regulerer lån, der ydes ved egen beslutning, lån, der gives i opdrag, og lån til særlige formål (artikel 7) og rentesubsidiering af lån (artikel 15) såvel som beslutning nr. 40.
The Commission considered therefore that the findings for the four banks for which verifications had taken place constituted the best facts available for assessing the other banks in public ownership, due to those similarities and the representativeness of the four banks that were verified.
Der er også en del, der tyder på, og som er underbygget af uafhængige undersøgelser og rapporter, at staten i vidt omfang stadig griber ind i det kinesiske finanssystem som allerede forklaret i betragtning 172 og 178 i den oprindelige forordning.
On that basis, the Commission concludes that the six banks other than the four banks verified also are public bodies.
Efter fremlæggelsen af oplysninger angav den kinesiske regering, at de særlige lån i artikel 7 i General Rules on Loans, der er nævnt ovenfor, blev afskaffet i 1999, på grundlag af Circular on Improving the Administration of Special Loans (YINFA [1999] nr. 228), og at artikel 15 var blevet irrelevant, da PBOC ikke længere fastsætter de øvre og nedre grænser for udlån.
Accordingly, the Commission calculated benefits for those ten publicly owned banks.
Den kinesiske regering påstod endvidere, at Kommissionen havde fejlfortolket artikel 34 i bankloven, som angiveligt ikke har nogen forbindelse til de nationale politikker, tilskyndede industrier, strategiske industrier, vækstindustrier med henblik på foretrukne industrier og sektorer.
Modifications to the legislation applicable to State-owned banks operating in China
Den henviste også til artikel 4, 5, 7 og 35 i bankloven, der angiveligt handler om bankens uafhængighed, den manglende indgriben fra organer eller enkeltpersoner og regeringer såvel som undersøgelsen af låntagernes troværdighed.
The GOC claimed that the Commission's finding in the original investigation that Chinese State-owned banks are public bodies was no longer valid as the People's Bank of China (‘PBOC’) no longer sets the floor lending rates so that the GOC no longer intervenes in the financial market.
Den kinesiske regering bemærkede endvidere, at artikel 34 ikke bør læses løsrevet.
The GOC argued that the PBOC had removed control over interest rates on loans offered by financial institutions on 20 July 2013 by removing the floor of lending rates.
Endelig angav den kinesiske regering også, at Kommissionen ikke forklarede, hvordan beslutning nr. 40 viser, at bankerne udøver statslig myndighed, og henviste til præamblen og artikel 17 denne beslutning.
The PBOC had also decided to remove the deposit interest rate floating ceiling in a notice published on 27 October 2015.
Den tilføjede også, at denne beslutning i bund og grund omfatter hele den kinesiske økonomi og vedrørte den 11. femårige periode.
The Commission considers that this claim is ineffective, as the findings set out in the preceding section suffice, taken on their own, to establish that Chinese publicly-owned banks are public bodies.
Med hensyn til artikel 15 i General Rules on Loans er Kommissionen uenig i den kinesiske regerings vurdering.
In any event, it is first noted that the Commission's finding (made in the original investigation) that Chinese State-owned banks are public bodies was not solely based on the fact that the PBOC sets the lending rates and the deposit interest rate floating ceiling, but resulted from the analysis of a series of elements as described in recitals 158 to 168 of the original Regulation.
Denne artikel fastslår, at: »I overensstemmelse med statens politik, kan bestemte afdelinger/organer subsidiere renter på lån for at fremme væksten af visse industrigrene og den økonomiske udvikling i nogle områder.« Det er stadig relevant selv efter afskaffelsen af den nedre og den øvre rentesats.
For the ease of reference, these elements related to (i) the government intervention linked to government ownership in major banks, (ii) the fact that state owned banks in the PRC hold a very high market share, leaving only very little room to privately owned banks, and are predominant players in the Chinese financial market, (iii) government control by means of ownership, administrative control of the banks' commercial behaviour or even statutory documents, (iv) role of the PBOC in setting limits on the way interest rates are set and fluctuate and (v) legal rules which require banks to reflect national policies/sectorial preferences into their credit policies.
Under alle omstændigheder henviser artikel 38 i bankloven stadig til begrænsninger og kan på et hvilket som helst tidspunkt genaktiveres, jf. betragtning 199.
In the current expiry review, the only change that the GOC referred relates to point (iv).
Kommissionen har også gennemgået den forretningsmæssige drift og beslutningstagningsprocesserne vedrørende finansielle tjenesteydelser hos fire statsejede banker.
Points (i) to (iii) and (v) have been confirmed in the assessment carried out in the immediately preceding recitals.
Da der ikke kunne indhentes relevante oplysninger vedrørende andre banker, må resultaterne for disse banker skulle udvides til alle andre statsejede banker på grundlag af de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger.
Second, the decisions mentioned above at recital 194 allegedly removed the ceiling and floor interest rates.
Da afgørende oplysninger, som Kommissionen har anmodet de fire banker om, ikke var blevet forelagt, herunder især oplysninger om kreditrisikovurdering, var Kommissionen desuden nødt til at benytte de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger, også når den drog konklusioner ud fra spørgeskemabesvarelserne og kontrolbesøgene hos disse fire banker.
The wording of the relevant published PBOC decisions however only encouraged –not required– financial institutions to adapt to market-based pricing of lending interest rates.
Den kinesiske regering henviste også til artikel 4 i bankloven, i henhold til hvilken »den forretningsmæssige drift af forretningsbanker styres af principperne om sikkerhed, likviditet og effektivitet.
That means Chinese State-owned banks are still allowed to lend at preferential rates, and actually are obliged to do so on the basis of Article 34 of the Banking law, which takes precedence over a mere encouragement in a decision of the PBOC.
Forretningsbankerne træffer deres egne beslutninger om deres forretningsaktiviteter, tager ansvaret for deres egne risici, påtager sig det fulde ansvar for deres fortjeneste og tab og udøver selvbegrænsning.
Third, while the PBOC published a decision on the removal of the floor rate, it is also noted that Article 38 of the Bank law still provides that ‘Commercial banks shall determine loan interest rate in accordance with the upper and lower limits for loan interest rates prescribed by the People's Bank of China’.
Forretningsbanker udøver ifølge loven deres bankvirksomhed uden indgriben fra organer eller enkeltpersoner.
The Bank law was amended only for other aspects at a later stage.
Forretningsbanker påtager sig uafhængigt det civilretlige ansvar med hele deres juridiske persons ejendom«.
This demonstrates the absence of any change in the legislative framework by which banks need to abide, because the PBOC decisions are only executive regulatory acts.
I den foreliggende sag var Kommissionen under kontrolbesøget hverken retligt eller faktisk i stand til at bekræfte rigtigheden af påstanden om, at bankerne ikke tager regeringens politik og planer i betragtning ved afgørelser om långivning.
Furthermore, the PBOC keeps the legal basis so that it could any day reintroduce upper and lower limits.
Kommissionen har faktisk ikke modtaget en eneste vurdering af kreditværdigheden for solcelleindustrien for den nuværende undersøgelsesperiode.
Fourth, several of the four banks verified on spot mentioned during the verification visit the existence of a new lending rate based on quotes from banks published on the Shanghai interbank market introduced in October 2013.
Kommissionen mener ikke, at banklovens artikel 4 forhindrer forretningsbanker i at tage hensyn til regeringens industripolitik og -planer, da denne artikel vedrører principperne for forretningsaktiviteter.
However, such information had not been shared by the GOC in its questionnaire reply in support for its claim that the Chinese market had been liberalized.
Dette bekræftes også af artikel 34 i bankloven.
Based on the information available in the public domain, it appears that this so-called loan prime rate (‘LPR’) is a one-year lending rate based on the best loan rate quoted by nine selected government supported commercial banks as the reference for the loan market.
I modsætning til den kinesiske regerings påstand om, at Kommissionen »fejede de retlige rammer for bankdrift til side«, foretog Kommissionen snarere en omhyggelig analyse af de retlige rammer og kunne også fastslå, at der var en klar forbindelse mellem de retlige rammer og driften af disse finansielle institutioner, hvilket fremgår af deres årsrapporter.
While the PBOC claimed that the introduction of the LPR will ‘promote interest rate liberalization, improve the benchmark-rate system in the financial markets’, independent analysts concluded at the time of its introduction that the role of the ‘Shanghai Interbank market is not effective enough to influence rates between banks and their clients’ [33].
Den kinesiske regering henviste også til artikel 5 i bankloven, hvor det er anført, at »der ikke er nogen indgriben fra lokale regeringer eller offentlige administrationer på forskellige niveauer, offentlige organisationer eller enkeltpersoner inden for bankdrift.« Imidlertid er den faktiske ordlyd i artikel 5 i bankloven som følger: »Forretningsbankerne skal overholde principperne om lighed, frivillighed, rimelighed og god tro i deres forretningsaktiviteter med deres kunder«.
Indeed, after analysis, it appears that, while the LPR is published each business day after averaging all the quotations of the 9 banks (with the highest and lowest quotations excluded), its level changed only on 6 occasions during the RIP.
Efter Kommissionens opfattelse fritager denne formulering ikke bankerne fra deres forpligtelse til at anvende politiske hensyn som omhandlet i artikel 34.
As a matter of comparison, the daily 1-year EURIBOR interbank rate changed over 185 times over the same period.
Artikel 7 og 35 i bankloven omhandler undersøgelsen af kreditværdighed, formålet med lånet og kreditgodkendelsesproceduren.
Furthermore, it is also noted that the LPR appears to be pegged to the benchmark published by the PBOC (‘PBOC benchmark’) [34] as every single change of the PBOC benchmark in 2015 was followed by a change in the LPR the following working day.
For så vidt angår disse spørgsmål og som anført i betragtning 128, 143, 155 og 171, forelagde de samarbejdsvillige banker ikke dokumenter til støtte for deres påstande som f.eks. dem, der vedrører kreditværdighed eller godkendelsesproceduren.
Further, it is also noted that the variations in the level of the PBOC benchmark and the LPR were identical in 2015.
På grundlag af de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger kan sådanne varer derfor ikke anses for at være i strid med den fortolkning af artikel 34, som Kommissionen har fastlagt.
In addition, while the verified banks alleged that the share of short term loans whose interest rate was based on the LPR had increased significantly and were representing a large share of their short term loan portfolio, these allegations could neither be backed by supporting evidence provided by the banks nor confirmed during the verification visits at the premises of the exporting producers.
Det skal også bemærkes, at beslutning nr. 40 ikke er blevet ophævet og derfor stadig er gyldig.
That does not support the claim that the banks mentioned above would independently set their interest rates or follow a market rate and that the interest rate market has been liberalised.
Der er intet i kinesisk lovgivning, der tyder på, at det vil være forkert at læse henvisningen til den 11. femårsplan som en dynamisk henvisning.
Therefore, it is concluded that in spite of the alleged removal of the floor of lending rates and ceiling of deposit rates, the liberalization of the interest market rate alleged by the GOC has not materialized in practice.
Desuden kan der anføres følgende bemærkninger.
The conclusions drawn in the original investigation, i.e. Chinese State-owned banks are public bodies because they possess, are vested with, and exercise governmental authority, remain valid in the RIP and are therefore confirmed.
Den oprindelige undersøgelse [35] konkluderede, at det kinesiske finansmarked var fordrejet på forskellige måder, dvs. statsligt ejerskab kombineret med fordrejninger på det kinesiske finansmarked og den kinesiske regerings politik om at stille billig finansiering til rådighed for udvalgte industrier (hvilket undergraver de lige konkurrencevilkår i den internationale handel og giver de kinesiske producenter en urimelig fordel), begrænsninger med hensyn til rentefastsættelse, adgang til billig kapital, udlånspolitik i henhold til behovene i den nationale økonomi, fordelagtig adgang til kredit for tilskyndede projekter og/eller industrier med højteknologi og ny teknologi, adgang til billige statslige reserver af udenlandsk valuta og privilegerede finansieringsmidler til China Development Bank (CDB).
Following disclosure, the GOC claimed that the Commission incorrectly put the burden of the proof on the GOC as far as its claims (i) that the financial market had been liberalised, (ii) that the GOC policy with regard to the solar sector had been terminated and (iii) the alleged distortions of the Chinese financial market had disappeared are concerned.
Bortset fra den påståede rentereform, der blev behandlet i betragtning 197-201, fremlagde den kinesiske regering ikke noget bevis i løbet af undersøgelsen for, at situationen har ændret sig.
Additionally, the GOC also claimed that the Commission could not rely on a country-wide assessment of ‘public body’ and should have established such finding for each financial entity concerned.
Undersøgelsen kastede heller ikke lys over elementer, som modsagde ovenstående resultater.
As demonstrated in recitals 195 to 201, the Commission made a thorough analysis of the evidence at hand including whether the situation established in the original investigation had changed to such extent that its findings would no longer be valid.
Konklusionerne i den oprindelige undersøgelse er stadig gyldige i NUP og bekræftes derfor.
Such alleged changes included those raised by the GOC and were all analysed and addressed above.
Disse konklusioner gør det klart, at den finansielle sektor opfordres til at bidrage til de strategier, der er udarbejdet af de offentlige myndigheder.
The Commission also notes that the new evidence submitted in this proceeding on the financial institutions was rather limited.
For så vidt angår den kinesiske regerings indgriben med henblik på at påvirke rentesatser, er dette spørgsmål allerede blevet behandlet i betragtning 197, 198, 206 og 207.
It is also noted, that the GOC confirmed during the verification visit that apart from the changes referred to above, no other changes had taken place.
For så vidt angår de konklusioner, der blev fastlagt i den oprindelige undersøgelse, anføres det, at de bemærkninger, der var blevet fremsat af den kinesiske regering i den oprindelige undersøgelse, blev analyseret og behandlet i den oprindelige forordning, og at konklusionerne i den oprindelige undersøgelse ikke blev anfægtet i retten.
As far as the burden of the proof is concerned and in compliance with Article 18(3) of the basic Regulation, it is recalled that evidence presented in relation to the question as to whether the expiry of measures would be likely to lead to the continuation or recurrence of subsidisation shall be duly documented.
Selv om de statsejede banker ikke blev anset for at være offentlige organer, ville de desuden og som konstateret i den oprindelige undersøgelse [36] også blive betragtet som underlagt og styret af den kinesiske regering med hensyn til at udøve funktioner, der normalt udføres af staten, jf. grundforordningens artikel 3, stk. 1, litra a), nr. iv).
The Commission has thoroughly analysed all the relevant elements and evidence submitted by the GOC in this respect and concluded that they were insufficient to prove that the situation had substantially changed as compared to the original investigation.
Private banker
In this context and in view of the alleged changes that the GOC referred to, it is considered that it was the GOC's responsibility to demonstrate that such changes had indeed taken place and that the Commission did not unduly put such burden on the GOC.
Da andelen af lån fra private banker i Kina til de tre eksporterende producenter i stikprøven var ubetydelig, og ingen af de private banker i Kina indsendte en spørgeskemabesvarelse, blev der ikke draget nogen konklusioner i denne henseende.
As far as the country-wide assessment is concerned, the Commission notes that it has carried out a specific analysis of public body for each of the financial institutions for which the GOC has submitted the relevant information requested.
I overensstemmelse hermed besluttede Kommissionen at fjerne den marginale fordel, der skyldtes disse lån, fra subsidieberegningen.
Unfortunately, the GOC has failed to submit information for all the other financial institutions that extended loans to the sampled cooperating exporting producers, as explained in section 3.1.
Specificitet
As a result, the Commission had to resort to the facts available on file and carried out a thorough analysis of public body for the financial sector in the PRC.
I forbindelse med den nuværende undersøgelse kan ingen foreliggende oplysninger ændre Kommissionens konklusioner i den oprindelige undersøgelse [37], hvor det blev konkluderet, at den kinesiske regering retter fordelagtige låneordninger mod et begrænset antal industrier, og solcelleindustrien er en af dem.
Among the relevant elements, the Commission thoroughly considered all the new evidence submitted by the GOC in the context of this proceeding, together with the findings established in the original investigation.
Tværtimod blev der ved undersøgelsen bragt yderligere elementer frem, som bekræfter det oprindelige undersøgelsesresultat.
Furthermore, the GOC also claimed that the Commission had relied in its determination on ‘public bodies’ on the de facto absence of abolition of the floor lending rates.
Det blev endvidere i en kreditbevillingsrapport vurderet positivt, at solcellesektoren får statsstøtte og fremmes af national politik.
The GOC also claimed that requiring banks to adapt to market-based pricing of lending interest rates would be equivalent to controlling these banks and run counter to the spirit of liberalisation.
På grundlag af ovenstående konkluderes det, at myndighederne kun tillader de finansielle institutioner at tilbyde fordelagtige låneordninger til et begrænset antal erhvervsgrene/virksomheder, der følger den kinesiske regerings relevante politikker.
The GOC further claimed that Article 38 of the Bank law is permissive and that although the upper limits were abolished several years before the lower limits, the Bank law was not amended.
Desuden har ingen interesserede parter kunnet frembringe beviser for, at bankerne vurderede solcelleindustriens kreditværdighed i tilstrækkeligt omfang.
The GOC also claimed that the theory of correlation between the PBOC rates and the LPR was erroneous and reverted to interest rate statistics for the sampled cooperating exporting producers.
Efter fremlæggelsen af oplysninger henviste den kinesiske regering til den omstændighed, at solcelleindustrien angiveligt ikke er opført i den 13. femårsplan, der er nævnt i betragtning 83 og, at Kommissionen angiveligt har fejlfortolket beslutning nr. 40.
The GOC also claimed that there have never been benchmarks or limits for loans denominated in USD or EUR.
Endvidere fremgik det, at en kinesisk producents »SEC-filing« ikke kan udgøre bevis for regeringens politik.
As far as the determination of public bodies is concerned, it is first recalled that the GOC itself raised the issue of the abolition of the floor lending rates in support of its claim that the Chinese government no longer intervenes in the financial market and that Chinese State-owned banks cannot be considered public bodies.
Det skal først bemærkes, at påstandene vedrørende den 13. femårsplan og beslutning nr. 40 er blevet behandlet i betragtning og 89.
The Commission analysed the claim on the abolition of the floor rates and rejected it on the grounds mentioned in recitals 194 to 201.
For så vidt angår »SEC-filing« indgår det i det allerede indsamlede materiale og bekræfter, at der findes en særlig politik til støtte for solcelleindustrien.
In the absence of other significant changes raised by the GOC, the Commission relied on the conclusions drawn in the original investigation, which were confirmed by fresh evidence for the RIP, and on new elements such as the existence of a new lending rate (LPR) to draw its conclusion in this regard.