natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Rapporteringsperioden (RP)
the data reported to the Commission by the Member States on the import trade in products subject to investigation and to measures in accordance with Article 14(6) of the basic Regulation (‘Article 14(6) database’);
Vækstrate 2012 — RP
Chinese, Malaysian and Taiwanese national statistics and the information submitted in the request [4].
Import fra Kina
The import volume recorded in Malaysian, Taiwanese and Chinese statistics covered a larger product group than the product concerned or the product under investigation [5].
Andel af samlet import
However, on the basis of Comext data, the verified data regarding Chinese and Malaysian and Taiwanese producers of solar cells and modules and the request, it could be established that a significant part of this import volume covered the product concerned [6].
Samlet import
Accordingly, these data could be used to establish any change in the pattern of trade and they could be cross-checked with other data such as the data provided by the cooperating exporting producers and importers.
Importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen faldt væsentligt i undersøgelsesperioden med 66 %.
Change in the pattern of trade between the PRC and the EU
Da faldet i importen fra Kina var større end faldet i den samlede import til Unionen, faldt andelen af importen fra Kina med 35 %.
Table 1 shows the volume of imports of the product concerned from the PRC into the Union since the imposition of the measures in force:
Resultatet af undersøgelsen i Malaysia
Table 1
Samarbejdsvilje og fastsættelse af handelsmængderne i Malaysia
Evolution of imports of the product concerned from the PRC to the Union in the investigation period;
Som det fremgår af betragtning 9, samarbejdede otte eksporterende producenter i Malaysia ved at indsende fyldestgørende besvarelser af spørgeskemaet.
unit:
I forbindelse med tre af de samarbejdsvillige malaysiske virksomheder blev det fundet berettiget at anvende grundforordningens artikel 18, stk. 1, jf. de i betragtning 88 ff. anførte grunde.
megawatt (MW)
De samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter i Malaysia tegnede sig for 57 % af den samlede import af den pågældende vare fra Malaysia til Unionen i RP, jf. Comext.
Source:
Ændring i handelsmønstret i Malaysia
Reporting Period (RP)
Import af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen
Growth Rate 2012 — RP
Tabel 2 viser importmængden af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
Imports from the PRC
Tabel 2
Share of total imports
Udvikling i importen af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
Total Imports
Comext og anmodningen.
The imports of the product concerned from the PRC to the Union decreased significantly by 66 %.
Import fra Malaysia
As the decrease in imports from the PRC was larger than the decrease in total imports into the Union, the share of the Chinese imports fell by 35 %.
Da importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen faldt, jf. betragtning 24, steg den samlede import af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen markant med + 245 %.
Results of the investigation in Malaysia
Ændringen i handelsmønstret mellem Malaysia og Unionen bliver endnu mere markant for fotovoltaiske moduler af krystallinsk silicium (»moduler«), hvis modulerne analyseres separat og ikke sammen med celler af den type, der benyttes i fotovoltaiske moduler (»celler«).
Degree of cooperation and determination of the trade volumes in Malaysia
Importmængden af moduler fra Malaysia steg fra 108 MW i 2012 til 1036 MW i RP (+ 860 %).
As stated in recital (9), eight exporting producers in Malaysia cooperated by submitting complete questionnaire replies.
Som følge af faldet i den samlede import steg markedsandelen for importen af moduler fra Malaysia til Unionen fra 1 % i 2012 til 17 % i RP (+ 1793 %).
In the case of three of the cooperating Malaysian companies the application of Article 18(1) of the basic Regulation was found to be warranted for the reasons explained below in recitals (88) and following.
Importmængden af celler fra Malaysia steg meget mindre end for moduler — nemlig fra 358 MW i 2012 til 573 MW i RP (+ 60 %).
The cooperating Malaysian exporting producers accounted for 57 % of the total Malaysian imports of the product under investigation to the Union in the RP as reported in Comext.
Markedsandelen for importen af celler fra Malaysia til Unionen steg fra 10 % i 2012 til 27 % i RP (+ 165 %).
Change in the pattern of trade in Malaysia
Det fremgår af ovenstående oplysninger, at importen af solceller og moduler fra Malaysia i et vist omfang har erstattet importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen siden den oprindelige undersøgelse i 2012 og indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013.
Imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia into the Union
Kinesisk eksport til Malaysia
Table 2 shows the volume of imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia into the Union in the investigation period:
Malaysiske og kinesiske statistikker og data fra anmodningen blev anvendt til at konstatere tendensen i handelsstrømmene af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia [7].
Table 2
På grundlag af Comext-data, verificerede data vedrørende kinesiske og malaysiske producenter af solceller og moduler og anmodningen kunne det imidlertid fastslås, at en væsentlig del af denne importmængde omfattede den pågældende vare, således at disse data kunne tages i betragtning [9].
Comext and request
Der er en forskel mellem eksportmængderne i de kinesiske statistikker og importmængderne i de malaysiske statistikker, da de relevante toldkoder i de to lande har forskellige varedækninger [9] Som ovenfor.
Imports from Malaysia
Selv om de malaysiske importdata viser meget højere niveauer end de kinesiske eksportdata, viser begge datasæt den samme stigende tendens i eksporten fra Kina til Malaysia.
While the imports of the product concerned from the PRC into the Union dropped as outlined in recital (24), the total imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia to the Union increased significantly by + 245 %.
Da de malaysiske importdata viser meget højere niveauer end de kinesiske eksportdata, anvendes sidstnævnte for at opnå en mere konservativ analyse.
The increase was particularly steep after the imposition of the measures in force in 2013.
Der er bevis for, at en del af importen af kinesiske varer til Malaysia blev ukorrekt eller svigagtigt opgivet som andre varer.
As the total imports decreased substantially due to a fall in the Union consumption, the share of Malaysian imports in total imports into the Union increased even more (+ 553 %) compared to the increase of imports.
Eksempelvis blev importen af laminerede solmoduler opgivet som solcelleglas eller som celler, hvorimod de burde opgives som moduler, jf. betragtning 62.
The change in the pattern of trade between Malaysia and the Union becomes even more significant for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules (‘modules’) if they are analysed separately from the cells of the type used in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules (‘cells’).
Dette er grunden til, at de kinesiske eksportstatistikker i tabel 3 sandsynligvis underdriver importen af moduler og overdriver importen af celler en anelse.
The imports of modules from Malaysia in volume increased from 108 MW in 2012 to 1036 MW in the RP (+ 860 %).
Tabel 3
Given the falling total imports, the market share of imports of modules from Malaysia to the Union increased from 1 % in 2012 to 17 % in the RP (+ 1793 %).
Import af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia iflg. de kinesiske statistikker, enhed:
The imports of cells from Malaysia increased much less than modules — from 358 MW in 2012 to 573 MW in the RP (+ 60 %).
Anmodningen, Global Trade Information Services.
The market share of imports of cells from Malaysia into the Union increased from 10 % in 2012 to 27 % in the RP (+ 165 %).
Kina til Malaysia
The data above shows that, since the original investigation was launched in 2012 and the measures in force were imposed in 2013, the imports of solar cells and modules from Malaysia have to some extent replaced the imports of the product concerned from the PRC to the Union.
Celler
Chinese exports to Malaysia
Moduler
To establish the trend of the trade flow of solar cells and modules from China to Malaysia, Malaysian and Chinese statistics as well as data from the request was used [7].
I alt
Both Chinese and Malaysian statistics are only available at a higher product group level than the product concerned [8].
Index celler
However, on the basis of Comext data, verified data regarding Chinese and Malaysian producers of solar cells and modules and the request, it was established that a significant part covered the product concerned, so these data could be taken into account [9].
Index moduler
There is a difference between the volumes of exports reported in Chinese statistics and the volumes of imports reported in the Malaysian statistics as the relevant customs codes in two countries have a different scope [9] idem
Index i alt
Although the Malaysian import data report much higher levels than the Chinese export data, both sets of data show the same upward trend of exports from China to Malaysia.
Tabel 4
As the Malaysian import data has much higher level than the Chinese export data, the latter is used for the analysis as a more conservative one.
Import af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia iflg. de malaysiske statistikker, enhed:
There is evidence that some of the imports of the Chinese product into Malaysia were wrongly or fraudulently declared as other products.
Import fra Kina til Malaysia
For example the imports of laminated solar modules were declared as solar glass or were declared as cells, whereas they should be reported as modules as explained in recital (62).
Importen af solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia steg med mere end 800 % iflg. de kinesiske eksportdata og med mere end 400 % iflg. de malaysiske data.
This is why the Chinese export statistics shown in Table 3 most likely underestimate the imports of modules and can slightly overstate the imports of cells.
Tabel 5 viser udviklingen i forbruget på hjemmemarkedet i Malaysia i rapporteringsperioden.
Table 3
Forbruget af moduler på det malaysiske hjemmemarked lå langt under niveauet for eksporten fra Kina efter indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013, jf. tabel 5.
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia according to Chinese statistics, Unit:
Udviklingen i det hjemlige forbrug berettiger således ikke en sådan stigning i importen solceller og moduler fra Kina til Malaysia.
Request, Global Trade Information Services
Tabel 5
PRC to Malaysia
Udviklingen i forbruget af solcellemoduler på hjemmemarkedet i Malaysia i 2012, 2013 og 2014, enhed:
Cells
Anmodningen.
Modules
Hjemmemarkedsforbrug af moduler
Total
Indeks
Index Cells
Konklusion om ændringen i handelsmønstret i Malaysia
Index Modules
Omgåelsens art i Malaysia
Index Total
Ifølge grundforordningens artikel 13, stk. 1, skal ændringen i handelsmønstret skyldes praksis, forarbejdning eller bearbejdning, for hvilken der ikke foreligger nogen tilstrækkelig gyldig grund eller økonomisk begrundelse ud over indførelsen af tolden.
Table 4
Ovennævnte praksis, forarbejdning eller bearbejdning omfatter blandt andet afsendelse af den af foranstaltninger omfattede vare via tredjelande.
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia according to Malaysian statistics, Unit:
Omladning
Imports from PRC to Malaysia
Importen af den undersøgte vare fra Malaysia til Unionen udgjorde mere end 46 % af den samlede import fra Malaysia i rapporteringsperioden, jf. Comext.
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia increased by more than 800 % according to Chinese export data and by more than 400 % according to Malaysian data.
Samarbejdsgraden for celler var på 100 %, og alle celleproducenter, der samarbejdede i forbindelse med undersøgelsen, blev anset for at være egentlige producenter.
Table 5 shows the evolution of the domestic consumption in Malaysia in the reporting period.
Modulerne er den endelige vare;
Therefore, the evolution of the domestic consumption does not justify such an increase of imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC to Malaysia.
de kan derfor kun importeres til Malaysia med henblik på hjemmemarkedsforbruget eller omladning.
Table 5
De høje importniveauer for moduler fra Kina oversteg hjemmemarkedsforbruget, jf. betragtning 36, og den udbredte mangel på samarbejdsvilje blandt de malaysiske producenter viser, at en større del af de moduler, der blev afsendt fra Kina til Unionen, må være blevet omladet via Malaysia.
Evolution of domestic consumption of solar modules in Malaysia in the years 2012, 2013 and 2014, unit:
Det konstateredes, at visse producenter eksporterede fotovoltaiske moduler af krystallinsk silicium til Unionen, mens andre virksomheder svigagtigt opgav nøglekomponenter som solcelleglas og forfalskede fakturaerne.
Malaysia
Desuden indledte Det Europæiske Kontor for Bekæmpelse af Svig (OLAF) i 2014 en undersøgelse af den påståede omladning af solceller og moduler via Malaysia.
Domestic Consumption of modules
Undersøgelsen pågår stadig.
Index
Ud fra ovenstående betragtninger blev det bekræftet, at den undersøgte vare omlades via Malaysia.
Conclusion on the change in the pattern of trade in Malaysia
Resultatet af undersøgelsen i Taiwan
The investigation found evidence of the decrease in imports from the PRC to the Union and the parallel increase in exports from the PRC to Malaysia and of exports from Malaysia to the Union of solar cells and modules after the original investigation was launched in 2012 and the measures in force were imposed in 2013.
Samarbejdsvilje og fastsættelse af handelsmængderne i Taiwan
These changes in trade flows constitute a change in the pattern of trade between the above mentioned countries on the one hand and the Union on the other hand.
Som det fremgår af betragtning 10, samarbejdede 23 virksomheder eller virksomhedsgrupper i Taiwan i forbindelse med undersøgelsen og indsendte fyldestgørende besvarelser af spørgeskemaet.
Nature of the circumvention practice in Malaysia
De samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter i Taiwan tegnede sig for 63,3 % af den samlede eksport af den pågældende vare fra Taiwan til Unionen i UP, jf. Comext.
Article 13(1) of the basic Regulation requires that the change in the pattern of trade stems from a practice, process or work for which there is insufficient due cause or economic justification other than the imposition of the duty.
Ændring i handelsmønstret i Taiwan
The practice, process or work includes, inter alia, the consignment of the product subject to measures via third countries.
Import af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen
Transhipment
Tabel 6 viser importmængden af den pågældende vare fra Taiwan til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
The imports of the product under investigation from Malaysia into the Union accounted for more than 46 % of total imports from Malaysia in the reporting period as reported by Comext.
Tabel 6
The cooperation for cells was 100 % and all the cells producers who cooperated in the investigation were found to be genuine producers.
Udvikling i importen af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden; enhed:
The imports of modules by the non-cooperating companies constituted 71 % of total imports of modules from Malaysia in the same period.
Import fra Taiwan
The modules are the final product;
Import i alt
therefore they can be only imported into Malaysia for the domestic consumption or transhipment.
Importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen faldt markant efter indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i december 2013, jf. betragtning 24.
The high level of imports of modules from the PRC exceeding the domestic consumption as indicated in recital (36) and the high level of non-cooperation by the Malaysian show that a large proportion of modules consigned from the PRC must have been transhipped via Malaysia to the Union.
På den anden side steg importmængden af den pågældende vare fra Taiwan til Unionen markant (+ 30 %) i samme periode.
In addition, as set out in detail below in recitals (88) and following, it was found that a number of the cooperating Malaysian producers provided misleading information, in particular regarding the relationship to Chinese manufacturers, imports of finished goods from China and the origin of exports of the product under investigation to the Union.
Da den samlede import til Unionen af den undersøgte vare faldt, steg markedsandelen for importen af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen fra 9 % i 2012 til 22 % i RP (stigning på +147 %).
Some of them were found to export Chinese origin crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules to the Union, some other companies were found to have fraudulently declared key components as solar glass and to have falsified the invoices.
Det fremgår af ovenstående oplysninger, at importen af solceller og moduler fra Taiwan i et vist omfang har erstattet importen af den pågældende vare fra Kina til Unionen siden den oprindelige undersøgelse i 2012 og indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013.
In addition, in 2014 the European Anti-fraud Office (OLAF) started an investigation into alleged transhipment of solar cells and modules via Malaysia.
Kinesisk eksport til Taiwan
This investigation is still on-going.
Myndighederne i Taiwan fremlagde statistikker for import og eksport af solceller og moduler fra frihandelszoner og frilagre (»frizoner«).
In light of the considerations above the existence of transhipment of the product under investigation via Malaysia has therefore been confirmed.
I Taiwan er der forbud mod import af solceller og moduler fra Kina.
Results of the investigation in Taiwan
Kinesiske solceller og moduler samt andre nøglekomponenter kan derfor kun anbringes i frizoner med henblik på efterfølgende reeksport eller anvendelse som råvarer i et andet produkt, der reeksporteres.
Degree of cooperation and determination of the trade volumes in Taiwan
Kommissionen bemærker, at næsten al import af celler og moduler til frizoner kom fra Kina.
As stated in recital (10) 23 groups of companies or companies in Taiwan cooperated and submitted complete replies to the questionnaire.
De fremlagte oplysninger vedrører 2012, 2013 og 2014.
The cooperating Taiwanese exporting producers accounted for 63,3 % of the total Taiwanese exports of the product under investigation to the Union in the IP as reported in Comext.
Rapporteringsperioden dækker tre kvartaler af 2014 og et kvartal af 2015, og det er derfor usandsynligt, at tendensen ville være væsentligt anderledes mellem 2014 og RP.
Change in the pattern of trade in Taiwan
Tabel 7 viser importmængden af solceller og moduler fra Kina til frihandelszoner og frilagre i Taiwan i undersøgelsesperioden:
Imports of the product under investigation from Taiwan into the Union
Tabel 7
Table 6 shows the volume of imports of the product under investigation from Taiwan into the Union in the investigation period:
Import af solceller og moduler fra Kina til frizoner i Taiwan, enhed:
Table 6
Bureau of Foreign Trade (BOFT).
Evolution of imports of the product under investigation from Taiwan to the Union in the investigation period, unit:
Kina til frizoner i Taiwan
Imports from Taiwan
Tabel 8 viser eksportmængden af solceller og moduler fra frizoner i Taiwan til Unionen i undersøgelsesperioden:
Total imports
Tabel 8
Imports of the product concerned from China to the Union dropped significantly subsequent to the imposition of the measures in force in December 2013 as outlined in recital (24).
Eksport af solceller og moduler fra frizoner i Taiwan til Unionen, enhed:
On the other hand, the volume of imports of the product under investigation from Taiwan to the Union increased significantly (+ 30 % increase) in the same period.
Frizoner i Taiwan til Unionen
As the total imports of the product under investigation into the Union decreased, the market share of the Taiwanese imports into the Union of the product under investigation increased from 9 % in 2012 to 22 % in the RP (+ 147 % increase).
Ændringen i handelsmønstret mellem Taiwan og Kina bliver endnu tydeligere for moduler, hvis de analyseres separat.
The data above shows that, since the original investigation was launched in 2012 and the measures in force were imposed in 2013, the imports of solar cells and modules from Taiwan have to some extent replaced the imports into the Union of the product concerned form the PRC.
Af de 213 MW, som importeredes, blev 202 MW reeksporteret til EU.
Chinese exports to Taiwan
Eksporten af moduler, som oprindeligt var af kinesisk oprindelse, fra frizoner i Taiwan udgjorde mindst 24 % i den samlede eksport af moduler fra Taiwan til EU i 2014, jf. Comext.
The Taiwanese authorities provided statistics reporting the imports and exports of solar cells and modules from free trade zones and bonded warehouses (henceforth ‘FTZs’).
Eksporten af celler af kinesisk oprindelse fra frizoner i Taiwan udgjorde således mindst 2 % af den samlede eksport af celler fra Taiwan til EU i 2014, jf. Comext.
In Taiwan it is prohibited to import solar cells and modules from the PRC.
Da den pågældende vare fra Kina ikke kan sælges i Taiwan, er der ingen anden begrundelse for importen fra Kina til Taiwan end omladning eller samle-/færdiggørelsesprocesser med henblik på reeksport af kinesiske nøglekomponenter uden for Taiwan.
For this reason the Chinese solar cells and modules and other key components can only enter into FTZs, to be later re-exported or be used as a raw material in another product to be re-exported.
Konklusion om ændringen i handelsmønstret i Taiwan
The Commission notes that almost all the imports of cells and modules into the FTZs were from China.
Faldet i den kinesiske eksport af solceller og moduler og den parallelle stigning i eksporten fra Kina til Taiwan og i eksporten fra Taiwan til Unionen efter indledningen af den oprindelige undersøgelse i 2012 og indførelsen af de gældende foranstaltninger i 2013 udgør en ændring i handelsmønstret mellem de ovennævnte lande på den ene side og Unionen på den anden side.
The data was provided for the years 2012, 2013 and 2014.
Omgåelsens art i Taiwan
The reporting period covers three quarters of the 2014 and one quarter of 2015, therefore it is unlikely that the trend would be significantly different between the year 2014 and the RP.
Importen af den undersøgte vare fra Taiwan til Unionen udgjorde mere end 38 % af den samlede import fra Taiwan i undersøgelsesperioden, jf. Comext.
Table 7 shows the volume of imports of the solar cells and modules from the PRC into the Taiwanese free trade zones and bonded warehouses in the investigation period:
Importen til Unionen af celler fra ikke samarbejdsvillige virksomheder udgjorde 11 % af den samlede import af celler fra Taiwan i samme periode.
Table 7
Importen til Unionen af moduler fra ikke samarbejdsvillige virksomheder udgjorde 64 % af den samlede import fra Taiwan af moduler, jf. Comext.
Imports of solar cells and modules from the PRC into the Taiwanese FTZs, unit:
Samtidig udgjorde eksporten af celler af kinesisk oprindelse fra frizoner i Taiwan til Unionen, jf. betragtning 56, kun 2 % af importen af celler fra Taiwan til Unionen, jf. Comext i 2014.
PRC to Taiwan FTZs
Laminerede solcellemoduler er et næsten færdigt modul, som indeholder enten 60 eller 72 celler.
Table 8
Der behøves blot en meget simpel samleproces for at fremstille et solcellemodul af et lamineret modul, dvs. en aluminiumsramme fastsættes på modulet og der tilføjes en forgreningsdåse.
Exports of solar cells and modules from the Taiwanese FTZs into the Union, unit:
Dette betyder, at i hvert fald en del af de kinesiske celler, der importeredes til frihandelszoner og frilagre i Taiwan, faktisk var laminerede solcellemoduler og derfor burde have været tariferet som moduler.
Table 7 shows a steep increase of imports of solar cells and modules into Taiwan after the original investigation was launched in 2012 and the measures in force were imposed in 2013.