natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Kommissionen besluttede, at på baggrund af konklusionerne om fortsat subsidiering med hensyn til de fleste af de udlignede subsidier i forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse samt nye subsidier var det ikke nødvendigt at undersøge alle de øvrige subsidier, som ifølge klageren angiveligt fandtes.
Where there are several facts available to an investigating authority that it needs to choose from, ‘it would seem to follow naturally that the process of reasoning and evaluation would involve a degree of comparison’ in order to arrive at an accurate determination.
I henhold til grundforordningens artikel 18 bør Kommissionen undersøge, om der er bevis for fortsat subsidiering, uanset beløbets størrelse.
The evaluation of the ‘facts available’ that is required, and the form it may take, depend on the particular circumstances of a given case, including the nature, quality, and amount of evidence on the record and the particular determinations to be made.
Subsidier, der blev udlignet i forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse
The nature and extent of the explanation and analysis required will necessarily vary from determination to determination [10].
I. Præferencelån
Accordingly, the Commission used for its analysis all facts available to it, in particular:
I forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse fastslog Kommissionen, at subsidiebeløbet, udtrykt i værdi, med hensyn til denne foranstaltning var på 5,37 % for APP Group [16] og 1,26 % for Chenming Group [17].
the request for an expiry review under Article 18 of the basic Regulation concerning anti-subsidy duties on imports of Coated Fine Paper from China, of 11 February 2016;
Statslig indgriben til fordel for industrien for coated finpapir
the response to the anti-subsidy questionnaire provided by the GOC on 24 June 2016.
Kommissionen undersøgte først, om præferencelån indgår i gennemførelsen af den kinesiske regerings centrale planlægning, der har til formål at fremme udviklingen af papirfremstillingsindustrien, som det var tilfældet i forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse.
The information in this response due to the fact that the GOC stopped cooperation was neither verified, nor completed following the deficiency letter;
Industrien for coated finpapir, der var genstand for Kommissionens undersøgelse, udgør en del af en bredere kategori af papirindustrien, også kaldet papirfremstillingsindustrien.
the submission filed on behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China in the framework of this investigation;
Ansøgeren hævdede, at den kinesiske regering fortsat subsidierer sin papirindustri, og henviste til en række politik- og planlægningsdokumenter samt lovgivning, der danner grundlag for fortsat statsstøtte til denne industri.
the information provided by the GOC and the sampled exporting producers as well as the findings of the original investigation; and
I den oprindelige undersøgelse fastslog Kommissionen, at der findes særlige politikplaner for papirindustrien.
previous anti-subsidy investigations carried out by the Commission against other encouraged industries in the PRC, such as crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, both the original investigation (‘the solar panels original investigation’) [11] and the expiry review (‘the solar panels expiry review’) [12], filament glass fibre products [13], solar glass [14] and organic coated steel [15].
Det fremgik af disse planer, at regeringsmyndighederne nøje overvåger papirindustriens resultater og gennemfører særlige politikker (f.eks. gennemførelsesdekreter) med henblik på efterlevelse af målene i politikplanerne.
Subsidies and subsidy programmes examined in the current investigation
Undersøgelsen fastslog også, at de specifikke politikplaner indeholder bestemmelser om præferencelån til papirfremstillingsindustrien.
In view of the lack of cooperation by the GOC and the exporting producers mentioned above, the Commission decided to examine whether there was continuation of subsidisation as follows.
Kommissionen fastslog i den nuværende undersøgelse, at finansmarkedet i Kina fortsat fordrejes af interventioner fra den kinesiske regering.
First, the Commission examined whether the subsidies countervailed in the original investigation continued to confer benefit to the coated fine paper industry.
Konklusionerne i forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse på grundlag af regeringens planer, der var gældende på det tidspunkt, opretholdes i forbindelse med denne udløbsundersøgelse.
Subsequently, the Commission analysed whether the coated fine paper industry benefitted from new subsidies as alleged in the request (i.e. subsidies which were not countervailed in the original investigation).
Både den 12. femårsplan [18], der gjaldt i NUP, og den tidligere 11. femårsplan betegner fortsat papirindustrien som en »tilskyndet erhvervsgren«.
The Commission decided that, in view of the findings of existence of continued subsidisation with respect to most of the subsidies countervailed in the original investigation as well as new subsidies, there was no need to investigate all the other subsidies alleged to exist by the complainant.
Den 13. femårsplan (2016-2020) vedrører perioden efter den nuværende undersøgelsesperiode, men bekræfter fortsat subsidiering, også i fremtiden.
Indeed, pursuant to Article 18 of the basic Regulation, the Commission should examine whether there is evidence of continued subsidisation, regardless of its amount.
Den 13. femårsplan udpeger nemlig papirindustrien som en »tilskyndet erhvervsgren«.
Subsidies countervailed in the original investigation
I forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse fastslog Kommissionen med henvisning til statsrådets beslutning nr. 40 [19] (»beslutning nr. 40«), at denne retsakt er beordret af statsrådet, altså det højeste administrative organ i Kina, og dermed juridisk bindende for andre offentlige organer og økonomiske aktører.
I. Preferential lending
På grundlag af den kinesiske regerings indlæg i forbindelse med denne undersøgelse bekræftede Kommissionen, at beslutning nr. 40 stadig er i kraft.
In the original investigation the Commission established the ad valorem subsidy amount with regard to this measure was 5,37 % for the APP Group [16] and 1,26 % for the Chenming Group [17].
Det fremgår tydeligt af ovenstående, at beslutning nr. 40 indeholder bindende regler og instrukser for alle økonomiske institutioner og enheder om fremme af og støtte til tilskyndede erhvervsgrene som f.eks. papirfremstillingsindustrien.
Government intervention in favour of the coated fine paper industry
Ovennævnte beslutning nr. 40 påpeger ligeledes støtte til udvikling og modernisering af papirindustrien.
The Commission first examined whether preferential lending forms part of the implementation of the GOC's central planning, which aims to encourage the development of the papermaking industry, as was the case in the original investigation.
Så snarere end at fremsætte generelle opmuntrende udtalelser pålægger disse politikplaner enheder at opfylde samfundspolitiske mål om at støtte udviklingen af industrien for coated finpapir.
The coated fine paper industry that was subject to the Commission's investigation constitutes part of a wider category of the paper industry, also referred to as papermaking industry.
Teksten indeholder også »udvælgelseskriterier« for erhvervsgrenen, da den fastsætter specifikke krav til forholdet mellem aktiver/passiver i papirfremstillingsindustrien, specifikke kreditvurderinger for papirfremstillingsindustrien og specifikke mål for stordriftsfordele, markedsandele, energi- og vandforbrug, som virksomhederne skal opfylde.
The applicant alleged that the GOC continues to subsidise its paper industry and referred to a number of policy and planning documents as well as legislation which are the basis for continuation of the State support to this industry.
Den pålægger virksomhederne at udarbejde udviklingsplaner på grundlag 2007-planen for papirfremstillingsindustrien.
In the original investigation the Commission established the existence of specific policy plans with respect to the paper industry.
Den pålægger også lokale provinser og regioner at deltage i gennemførelsen af planen, mens et helt kapitel handler om »investering og finansiering« af papirfremstillingsindustrien.
These plans stipulated that the government authorities closely monitor the performance of the paper industry and implement special policies (e.g. implementing decrees) for the fulfilment of the goals of the policy plans.
Da papirindustrien fortsat opføres som en »tilskyndet« erhvervsgren i den 12. og 13. femårsplan, og da der ikke blev fremlagt eller kunne findes noget dokument, der efterfulgte eller reviderede 2007-planen for papirfremstillingsindustrien, konkluderede Kommissionen, at 2007-planen for papirfremstillingsindustrien stadig er i kraft.
The findings of the original investigation based on government plans in force at that time are upheld in this expiry review investigation.
Det blev i forbindelse med den oprindelige undersøgelse også fastslået, at NDRC på permanent basis skal indsamle detaljerede oplysninger fra virksomhederne.
This Act represented a binding industrial policy document that shows how the GOC maintains a policy of supporting groups of enterprises or industries, such as the paper industry, classified by the Directory Catalogue as an ‘Encouraged industry’.
Statsejede banker, der optræder som offentlige organer
With reference to the ‘Restrictive and Eliminated Projects’, Decision No 40 empowers the State authorities to intervene directly to regulate the market.
Kommissionen konkluderede i den oprindelige undersøgelse [20], at finansmarkedet i Kina fordrejedes af statslig indgriben, og at de rentesatser, der opkrævedes af ikke statsejede banker og andre finansielle institutioner sandsynligvis ville blive tilpasset de statslige rentsatser.
In fact, Articles 18 and 19 require the relevant authority to stop financial institutions from supplying loans; they also order the State price administrative department to raise the electricity price and instruct the electricity supply companies to stop supplying electricity to such ‘Restrictive and Eliminated Projects’.
Efter vores opfattelse er konsekvensen, at tegn på, at en regering udøver betydelig kontrol over en enhed og dennes adfærd, kan tjene som bevis for, at den pågældende enhed har statslig beføjelse og udøver denne beføjelse ved udøvelsen af statslige funktioner.
In addition, the 2007 Development Policy for the Papermaking Industry (‘the 2007 Papermaking Plan’) provides specific conditions, orientations and targets for the papermaking industry.
Vi understreger imidlertid, at bortset fra en udtrykkelig delegering af beføjelse i et retligt instrument, er det ikke sandsynligt, at forekomsten af udelukkende formelle forbindelser mellem en enhed og staten i snæver forstand rækker til at fastslå den nødvendige besiddelse af statslig beføjelse.
As found in the original investigation, the 2007 Papermaking Plan describes the state of the papermaking industry in China (e.g. number of enterprises, production, consumption and exports, statistics on the type of raw materials used).
Således viser f.eks. den blotte omstændighed, at staten ejer aktiemajoriteten i en enhed ikke, at staten udøver en betydelig kontrol med denne enhed, og i endnu mindre grad, at staten har tildelt den statslig beføjelse.
It sets out the policies and goals for the papermaking industry with respect to the industrial layout, the use of raw materials, the use of technology and equipment, the product structure and the organizational structure of the papermaking producers.
Den kinesiske regering fremførte, at den ejede under 50 % af aktierne i Bank of Communications.
The text also sets industry ‘admission criteria’, as it lays down specific assets/liability ratio requirements for the papermaking industry, sets specific credit ratings for the papermaking industry and specific targets for economies of scale, market share ratios, energy and water consumption to be achieved or attained by companies.
Kommissionen har i forbindelse med nylige undersøgelser såsom udløbsundersøgelsen vedrørende solcellepaneler fastslået, at Bank of Communications er statskontrolleret gennem indirekte aktiebesiddelse [22].
It requests enterprises to formulate development plans based on the 2007 Papermaking Plan.
Kommissionen konkluderede videre på samme grundlag, at der var beviser på formelle indicier for statslig kontrol i de statsejede banker.
It also instructs the local provinces and regions to participate in the implementation of the plan, while an entire chapter is devoted to ‘Investment and Financing’ of the papermaking industry.
For eksempel, for så vidt angår EXIM, fremgår dens samfundspolitiske mandat af Notice of Establishing Export-Import Bank of China, udstedt af statsrådet, og vedtægterne for EXIM.
In this respect it is pertinent to note that the Plan clearly states that financial institutions shall not provide loans for any project which does not comply with its regulations.
Staten, som ejer 100 % af aktierne i EXIM, kontrollerer EXIM ved at udnævne medlemmerne af tilsynsrådet.
In sum, the 2007 Papermaking Plan is a specific state instrument aimed at regulating the papermaking industry in China and can only be considered as a compulsory industrial policy tool that has to be concretely implemented by relevant interested parties in China (state authorities, financial institutions and producers).
Disse medlemmer repræsenterer statens interesse, herunder politiske hensyn, på møderne i EXIM.
Since the paper industry continues to be listed as an ‘Encouraged’ industry in the 12th and 13th Five-Year Plan and no document succeeding or revising the 2007 Papermaking Plan was made available or could be found, the Commission concluded that the 2007 Papermaking Plan is still in force.
Der er ingen bestyrelse.
In addition, at general level Article 34 of the Commercial Banking Law [2015] No 34 states that ‘Commercial banks shall conduct their business of lending in accordance with the needs of the national economic and social development and under the guidance of the industrial policies of the State.’
Staten udnævner direkte EXIM's ledelse [23].
This indicates that loans received by the CFP producers from State-owned banks as well as other financial institutions are made pursuant to government directives and public objectives.
Det fremgår af dens websted [24], at EXIM har »til formål at støtte Kinas udenrigshandel, investering og internationale økonomiske samarbejde«, og »at den er forpligtet til at øge den finansielle støtte til centrale sektorer og svage led i den kinesiske økonomi for at sikre bæredygtig og sund økonomisk og social udvikling«.
Finally, the Commission recalled its findings in the original investigation concerning the role of the National Development and Reform Commission (‘NDRC’).
Selv om den kinesiske regering hævder, at de statsejede banker ikke er offentlige organer, og at indlåns- og udlånsrentemarkedet er blevet liberaliseret, er der ingen beviser på en gennemgribende reform af banksektoren i Kina, som ville skabe et mere markedsorienteret system for ydelse af lån.
The NDRC is an agency of the State Council coordinating macroeconomic policy and managing the Government investments.
I de seneste undersøgelser konkluderede Kommissionen faktisk det modsatte [25].
The State Council, the highest governmental administrative body, issued, inter alia, the 2007 Papermaking Plan, which has to be followed by the NDRC.
Kommissionen råder således ikke over oplysninger, der er i strid med den tidligere konstatering af, at statsejede banker støtter tilskyndede erhvervsgrene og/eller gennemfører nationale politikker, som tidligere nævnt i betragtning 40 og 52.
The existence of a systematic mechanism to collect company related data to be used in government plans and projects reveals that these plans and project are considered as an important element of State's industrial policy.
På grundlag af ovenstående konkluderede Kommissionen, at de specifikke offentlige politikmål som fastsat i retsgrundlaget ovenfor er ved at blive gennemført, for så vidt angår papirindustrien, af statsejede banker, der udøver statslige funktioner, og som dermed fungerer som offentlige organer i henhold til grundforordningens artikel 2, litra b), sammenholdt med artikel 3, stk. 1, litra a), nr. i), og i overensstemmelse med WTO's relevante retspraksis.
It follows from the above that decisions taken by financial institutions with respect to the paper industry (and thus including coated fine paper industry as a part of it), continue to take into consideration the need to fulfil the stated goals of the relevant policy plans.
Desuden fastslog Kommissionen, at selv hvis de statsejede banker ikke blev anset for at være offentlige organer, ville de også blive betragtet som underlagt og styret af den kinesiske regering med hensyn til at udøve funktioner, der normalt udøves af staten, jf. grundforordningens artikel 3, stk. 1, litra a), nr. iv), for så vidt angår den normative ramme, der er beskrevet ovenfor i betragtning 40 og 52.
In light of above, the Commission established that the link between the specific policy objectives as enshrined in those plans and documents and the support to the coated fine paper industry continue to exist during the RIP.
Deres adfærd ville dermed under alle omstændigheder kunne tilskrives den kinesiske regering.
The coated fine paper industry is regarded as a key/strategic industry, whose development is actively pursued by the State as a public policy objective, including through preferential lending.
Af samme årsager ville lån, der er ydet af andre finansielle institutioner til virksomheder i papirsektoren, blive tilskrevet den kinesiske regering.
State-owned banks acting as public bodies
Fordel
The Commission concluded in the original investigation [20] that the financing market in China was distorted by government intervention and interest rates charged by non-government banks and other financial institutions were likely to be aligned with government rates.
I den oprindelige undersøgelse fastslog Kommissionen, at papirindustrien nød godt af præferencelån.
The investigation did not bring to light any element contradicting the above finding either; nor did the GOC provide evidence in the course of this current investigation that this situation had changed.
Kommissionen fastlagde fordelens størrelse som forskellen mellem det beløb, som virksomheden betaler for statslånet, og det beløb, som virksomheden ville skulle betale for et tilsvarende lån på markedsvilkår, som den faktisk kunne opnå.
The request contained allegations that the GOC continued to subsidise the coated fine paper industry through preferential policy loans.
Dette beløb blev derefter fordelt på de samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenters samlede omsætning.
The GOC provided information indicating that the GOC is the majority shareholder in the four largest banks in the PRC: the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (‘ICBC’), the Bank of China (‘BOC’), the China Construction Bank (‘CCB’) and the Agricultural Bank of China (‘ABC’).
Det konstaterede subsidiebeløb, udtrykt i værdi, med hensyn til denne foranstaltning var på 5,37 % for APP Group og 1,26 % for Chenming Group.
The GOC claimed that it held less than 50 % shares in the Bank of Communications.
I forbindelse med den nuværende undersøgelse fandt Kommissionen ud fra de foreliggende oplysninger intet tegn på, at ydelsen af præferencelån til producenter af coated finpapir i Kina ophørte.
The Commission established in recent investigations such as the solar panels expiry review that the Bank of Communications is State controlled thanks to indirect shareholding [22].
Kommissionen bemærker, at ansøgeren i sin anmodning og i efterfølgende bemærkninger fremlagde eksempler på yderligere lån modtaget af de eksporterende producenter også i NUP, herunder:
The Commission further concluded on the same basis that there was evidence of formal indicia of government control in the State-owned banks.
modtog APP Group lån på 1,8 mia. USD i oktober 2013 og på 1,5 mia. USD i marts 2015 fra China Development Bank, og
For example, with respect to EXIM, its public policy mandate is established in the ‘The Notice of Establishing Export-Import Bank of China’ issued by the State Council and the Articles of Association of EXIM.
Som følge af det manglende samarbejde fra den kinesiske regering og de kinesiske eksporterende producenter havde Kommissionen ingen virksomhedsspecifikke oplysninger, ud fra hvilke det kunne fastslås, at de lån, som ansøgeren havde gjort opmærksom på, var blevet ydet på normale markedsvilkår.
The State, as 100 % shareholder of EXIM, controls EXIM by nominating the Members of its Board of Supervisors.
På grundlag af de foreliggende oplysninger fandt Kommissionen imidlertid, at de kinesiske eksporterende producenter fortsat nød godt af præferencelån.
Those Members represent the interest of the State, including policy considerations in the meetings of EXIM.
Faktisk betegnes papirindustrien fortsat som en »tilskyndet erhvervsgren«.
There is no Board of Directors.
Desuden fastslog Kommissionen i nylige undersøgelser, at præferencelånene til tilskyndede erhvervsgrene var blevet ydet til renter, som ligger et godt stykke under dem, der ville være blevet opkrævet, hvis der ikke havde været fordrejninger på det finansielle marked, herunder i en situation uden gyldige kreditvurderinger [26].
The State directly nominates the management of EXIM [23].
Derfor konkluderede Kommissionen, uden at det var nødvendigt at sætte tal på det subsidiebeløb, der er tildelt i form af præferencelån, at den kinesiske regering fortsatte med at yde præferencelån til gunstige rentesatser i tråd med politikken i specifikke planer og direktiver vedrørende papirindustrien.
According to its website [24], EXIM is ‘dedicated to supporting China's foreign trade, investment and international economic cooperation’ and ‘it is committed to reinforcing financial support to key sectors and weak links in the Chinese economy to ensure sustainable and healthy economic and social development’.
Direkte overførsel af midler i form af præferencelån var fortsat til rådighed for virksomheder i papirindustrien i NUP.
Although the GOC claims that the state-owned banks are not public bodies and that the lending and deposit interest rate market has been liberalized, there is no evidence of a major reform on the banking sector in the PRC which would create a more market driven system for granting loans.
Specificitet
In fact, in recent investigations the Commission concluded the opposite [25].
Som påvist i betragtning 40 og 52 ovenfor er der en række juridiske dokumenter, specifikt rettet mod virksomheder i papirsektoren, som styrer de finansielle institutioner.
Neither the GOC in its non-verified reply, nor the State-owned banks and other financial institutions that were intended to receive a questionnaire have supplied sufficient evidence demonstrating that companies are granted loans according to proper credit rating evaluations.
På grundlag af disse dokumenter påvises det, at de finansielle institutioner kun tilbyder præferencelån til et begrænset antal erhvervsgrene/virksomheder, der følger den kinesiske regerings relevante politikker.
Thus, the Commission has no information contradicting the previous finding that the State-owned banks are supporting encouraged industries and/or implementing national policies, as mentioned before in recitals (40) and (52).
Kommissionen konkluderede derfor, at subsidier i form af præferencelån ikke er alment tilgængelige, men er specifikke, jf. grundforordningens artikel 4, stk. 2, litra a).
On the basis of the above, the Commission concluded that the specific public policy objectives as provided in the legal framework set out above is being implemented by State-owned banks in the exercise of governmental functions with respect to the paper industry, thereby acting as public bodies in the sense of Article 2(b) of the basic Regulation read in conjunction with Article 3(1)(a)(i) of the basic Regulation and in accordance with the relevant WTO case-law.