natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Som forklaret i betragtning 424 har Kommissionen for at bestemme diskonteringsfaktoren anslået den vægtede gennemsnitlige kapitalomkostning for SOWAER på tidspunktet for tildeling af foranstaltningen.
The Commission disputes that it can be concluded from recitals 182 and 183 of the decision on Leipzig/Halle airport that the Commission has in the past taken the view that tasks comparable to maintenance and traffic safety, as defined in the Region/BSCA agreement, fall within the public policy remit, for the following reasons.
Dette skøn blev foretaget på grundlag af følgende oplysninger og hypoteser:
Firstly, the maintenance and traffic safety costs defined in the Region/BSCA agreement are much broader than the operational safety investment costs referred to in the decision on Leipzig/Halle airport.
en gældskvote på 30 % for SOWAER [162] og dermed en gældsandel af finansieringen (r D) på 23 %
The latter consist of the uninterruptible power supply for the aprons, transformer station, high voltage cables and runway lighting.
en omkostning før skat ved gælden (kD) svarende til den vægtede gennemsnitlige omkostning før skat ved SOWAER's gæld i 2002, dvs. mellem 4,9 % og 5,5 %
The maintenance and traffic safety costs defined in the Region/BSCA agreement ‘include routine maintenance of the airport site, technical maintenance services for buildings, runways, surrounding areas and vehicle fleet, minor surfacing work, routine maintenance and repair of the runway and accesses, operational maintenance and servicing of the general lighting and runway lighting, mowing services, rubber removal from the runway and its markings, snow clearance and any other services ensuring the safety of ground traffic, airport site and infrastructures, except for commercial areas of the airport zone’.
en risikopræmie (Δk) på 5,51 % [163]en beta [164] mellem 0,91 og 1,23 [165]
Secondly, the Commission points out that, contrary to Belgium's argument, the Commission did not conclude that the operational safety tasks referred to in the Leipzig/Halle decision constitute tasks falling within the public policy remit.
vedrørende omkostningen ved egenkapitalen: en omkostning før skat ved kapital, der er placeret risikofrit (rf), på mellem 5,16 % og 5,37 % [166]
Recital 182 of that decision states that ‘the Commission can conclude that in the present case certain costs fall within the public policy remit’ (emphasis added).
en skattesats (t) på 40,2 %.
In recital 183 of the same decision, the Commission considers that ‘to the extent that they fall within the public policy remit’, the measures may not amount to State aid (emphasis added).
På grundlag af disse oplysninger og hypoteser er Kommissionen i stand til at beregne den vægtede gennemsnitlige kapitalomkostning (C) ved hjælp af følgende klassiske formel:
It indicates that ‘in the present case independently [of] whether the Commission was to accept the approach advanced by the German authorities that none of the costs should be considered as State aid, the final assessment of the measure would not change’ (emphasis added).
C = (1 – rD) × kE + rD × kD
As a result, in those recitals the Commission neither confirmed nor contradicted Germany's position that certain tasks, including operational safety tasks, fell within the public policy remit, but instead indicated that it did not need to take a position, given that, assuming that the measure did constitute aid, this would be authorised.
kE = rf + β × Δk
Thirdly, the Commission points out that, in the General Court's judgment on the Commission decision on Leipzig/Halle airport, contrary to Belgium's argument, the Court did not confirm this alleged Commission position in paragraph 225 of its judgment.
På grundlag af denne formel og de førnævnte hypoteser anslår Kommissionen, at en diskonteringsfaktor på 9,5 % er rimelig.
The Court in fact reproduced recitals 182 and 183 of the Commission decision in order to recall the latter's position and concluded that the Commission had considered that it did not have to reach a definitive conclusion on this question (namely if it were to accept the German authorities' argument that none of the costs should be considered as State aid).
Resultatet af beregningen af nettonutidsværdien
Their funding does not therefore escape the applicable State aid rules.
Nettocashflowet angivet i tabel 19 diskonteret med 9 % repræsenterer en nettonutidsværdi på — 83,7 mio. EUR.
Flight tracking and recording, provisional flight planning and marshalling
Selektiv karakter
In this section, the Commission examines whether the following services, the provision of which was entrusted to BSCA and for which BSCA receives compensation under Amendment No 6 of 15 January 2008, may escape the applicable State aid rules due to their non-economic nature:
I henhold til 2002-aftalerne besluttede regionen-SOWAER at give BSCA adgang til jord og infrastrukturer i Charleroi lufthavn, idet enheden forpligtede sig til at udvikle denne infrastruktur i overensstemmelse med investeringsprogrammet til aftalen mellem SOWAER og BSCA af 2002 og at foretage større vedligeholdelsesarbejder og reparationer samt yde BSCA et tilskud til visse tjenester knyttet til lufthavnsaktiviteten til gengæld for en koncessionsafgift, som var mindre end den, som en privat markedsøkonomisk investor ville have forlangt.
flight tracking and recording [145] and flight planning [146],
Kommissionen bemærker, at foranstaltningen alene er tildelt BSCA.
marshalling [147].
Ganske vist er der ifølge Belgien [167] ikke tale om forskelsbehandling i regionen angående tilskuddet til visse tjenester knyttet til lufthavnsaktiviteten [168].
(402) According to Belgium (see recital 240), flight tracking and recording, provisional flight planning and marshalling services are essential parts of civil aviation safety and therefore fall within the public policy remit, given that they are fundamental components in the safety of an airport.
I øvrigt anfører Belgien, at sikkerhedsopgaverne i lufthavnene i regionen Flandern udføres af regionen.
The Commission takes the view that the services covered by this compensation are activities inseparable from the economic activity of the airport operator BSCA.
Ikke desto mindre bemærker Kommissionen følgende:
These services cannot be included within the security services intended to combat acts of unlawful interference or within any activity falling within the public policy remit.
Da fordelen fremkommer ved, at koncessionsafgiften er lavere end den, som en privat investor ville have forlangt for tilrådighedsstillelse af infrastrukturer, tjenesteydelser og tilskud, skal det først og fremmest undersøges, om foranstaltningen giver BSCA en selektiv fordel.
The Commission therefore concludes that flight tracking and recording, flight planning and marshalling constitute economic services.
Det er i denne forbindelse ikke tilstrækkeligt at henvise til det forhold, at regionen også yder tilskud til de øvrige lufthavne, den har ansvaret for, uden forskelsbehandling.
As the capital increase, which was covered by the formal investigation procedure, was subscribed by SOWAER to the benefit of BSCA in 2002, i.e. after the ADP judgment [148], it falls under the Commission's control of State aid (see recital 346).
Det bør fastslås, at regionen har tildelt de øvrige lufthavne, den har ansvaret for, samme foranstaltning og accepteret en lavere afgift end markedsafgiften på samme vilkår, som BSCA har fået.
In order to determine whether a State measure constitutes aid, it is necessary to establish whether the recipient undertaking receives an economic advantage that it would not have obtained under normal market conditions.
Dette har Belgien ikke påvist.
The presence of an economic advantage can be ruled out where the measures in question constitute economic operations carried out by public bodies or undertakings under normal market conditions [149].
Selv om Belgien kunne have påvist dette, bemærker Kommissionen, at en sådan foranstaltning under alle omstændigheder alligevel ville give BSCA en selektiv fordel, eftersom denne foranstaltning ville gavne en bestemt økonomisk sektor (nemlig lufthavnsforvaltningssektoren) og dermed ikke være en generel foranstaltning [169].
In this case it must be determined whether, in similar circumstances, a private operator, having regard to the foreseeability of obtaining a return and leaving aside all social, regional policy and sectoral considerations, would have taken part in the same operations as the entity granting the measure (hereinafter ‘the market economy operator test’).
Især forvalterne af andre transportformer har ikke adgang til en sådan fordel.
The presence of an economic advantage can also be ruled out where the measures in question constitute financial compensation granted to the undertakings concerned in order to enable them to operate a service of general economic interest, provided that such compensation satisfies all the conditions set out in the Altmark judgment [150].
Derfor konkluderer Kommissionen, at foranstaltningen giver BSCA en selektiv fordel.
The Commission will now proceed to analyse the measures concerned in turn, in the light of the conditions of the Altmark judgment and the market economy operator test.
Investeringsbeslutning af 2003
Application of the Altmark judgment conditions
Omkostningerne ved investeringsbeslutningen af 2003 for regionen-SOWAER svarer derfor til de yderligere omkostninger, der kommer oven i de planlagte omkostninger ved »investeringsprogrammet« af 2002.
It is firstly necessary to examine Belgium's argument, set out in Section 5.1.1.1(c)(ii), according to which the subsidy for certain services associated with the airport activities — assuming that some of these services are economic in nature — allegedly does not constitute an advantage for BSCA under the Altmark judgment [151].
For at undersøge, om en markedsøkonomisk investor ville have truffet investeringsbeslutningen af 2003, skal det fastslås, om nettonutidsværdien af 2003-foranstaltningen er positiv.
As established in Section 6.1.1, the Commission considers that some of the services for which the subsidy is paid are not economic in nature (for example, firefighting and security services) and will exclude from its analysis the part of the subsidy compensating for the costs of those services.
Vedrørende investeringerne bemærker Kommissionen en forskel på posterne »ny terminal« og »parkeringsplads« med hensyn til såvel beløb som investeringsdatoer.
The Commission takes the view that Belgium is committing a manifest error of assessment in qualifying these services as services of general economic interest.
I øvrigt vurderer Kommissionen på baggrund af Belgiens oplysninger, at den økonomiske del af investeringerne i parkeringspladsen og terminalen er 93 %.
As recalled by paragraph 47 of the Communication from the Commission on the application of the European Union State aid rules to compensation granted for the provision of services of general economic interest [152], generally speaking, a ‘particular public service task’ implies the supply of services which, if it were considering its own commercial interest, an undertaking would not assume or would not assume to the same extent or under the same conditions.
Beløbet for de yderligere investeringer som følge af 2003-foranstaltningen svarer derfor til følgende sammenligning:
In paragraph 50 of said Communication, the Commission also considers that the services to be classified as services of general economic interest must be addressed to citizens or be in the interest of society as a whole.
Tabel 20
In the present case, the economic services identified are not supplied in the interest of citizens, but only to enable BSCA to provide an airport service.
Beløb for yderligere investeringer med skred over to år som følge af 2003-foranstaltningen
They are indissociable from the economic activity of operating the airport.
Parkering
Furthermore, BSCA was not chosen in a procedure meeting the requirements of the fourth Altmark condition.
Økonomisk del
In addition, Belgium has not provided any evidence that the amount of the subsidy was determined on the basis of an analysis of the costs that a typical undertaking, well run and adequately equipped, would have incurred in order to meet the necessary public service requirements.
Investeringer ifølge planen for 2001/2002
Belgium's arguments are actually insufficient for the following reasons:
Beløb for yderligere investeringer (med skred over to år)
Belgium indicates that the ratios mentioned in the Communication referred to above in recital 410 demonstrate BSCA's efficient management (see recital 253), without, however, indicating the nature and value of those ratios.
Hvad angår passagertrafikken, bemærker Kommissionen en forskel mellem det passagertal i 2003, der blev forventet i henholdsvis 2002 (1,47 mio.) og 2003 (1,7 mio.).
Belgium adds that this sound management enabled private investors to be attracted in 2009 during BSCA's partial privatisation.
Kommissionen mener derfor, at det forventedes, at de yderligere investeringer ville medføre en stigning i passagertallet på 16 % (1,7 i forhold til 1,47) over hele perioden.
However, the Commission stresses that, although investors did decide to participate in BSCA's capital (while obtaining a right of veto over important decisions), this may have been due to the existence of the aid, allowing them to expect that BSCA would attract a significant volume of traffic and therefore generate high profits, rather than due to sound management.
en gældskvote på 30 % for SOWAER [170] og dermed en gældsandel af finansieringen (rD) på 23 %
It can also be pointed out in this regard that private investors may take holdings in mismanaged companies that they hope to turn around once they have or share control of the company in question, as is the case with BSCA's private investor who has obtained a right of veto over important decisions.
en risikopræmie (Δk) på 5,64 % [171]
It also cannot be concluded, as Belgium has done, that the airport is well run simply due to the fact that the turnover or traffic at Charleroi airport is on the increase (see recital 254).
vedrørende omkostningen ved egenkapitalen: en omkostning før skat ved kapital, der er placeret risikofrit (rf), på mellem 4,3 % og 4,7 % [172]
This increase in turnover and traffic may stem from the aid, which enables BSCA to offer very favourable conditions to airlines and thus attract traffic.
en skattesats (t) på 33,99 %.
Lastly, Belgium's argument that ‘it is clear from the financing mechanism put in place that, by definition, the compensation paid to BSCA is less than the market price of all the services entrusted to it, insofar as this compensation was capped in 2006 for the fire and ground traffic and airport site safety services and in 2010 for the security services’ (see recital 255), also does not prove that BSCA is efficiently managed, but only that there may be no overcompensation.
C = (1 – rD) × kE + rD × kD hvor kapitalomkostningen (kE) findes ved hjælp af evalueringsmodellen for finansielle aktiver (MEDAF) med formlen:
In conclusion, at least the first and fourth conditions of the Altmark judgment are not satisfied.
ftalerne
The Commission cannot therefore rule out, under the Altmark judgment, that the Region's subsidy for the services associated with the airport activities constitutes an advantage.
Med 2006-aftalerne:
Application of the market economy operator test
ændredes omfanget af de tjenester, som BSCA modtager tilskud til fra regionen, og der indførtes et loft over dette tilskud
As regards identifying the entity granting the measure, the Commission considers that the actions of (i) the Region, as owner of the airport zone land, on the one hand, and (ii) SOWAER, a company under the exclusive control of the Region, as concession-holder of the airport zone land, owner of the infrastructures built on the airport zone land, and holder of the tasks delegated by the Region, on the other hand, must be assessed together where they involve the same activity and the same airport.
ændredes måden at beregne det variable koncessionsafgiftsbeløb på, samtidig med at loftet blev opretholdt på det niveau, der blev fastsat i 2002-aftalen mellem SOWAER og BSCA.
Under these circumstances, SOWAER appears to be an intermediary of the Region in this context.
Hvad angår de forventede omkostninger ved 2006-foranstaltningerne, gjorde indførelsen af et loft over tilskuddet fra regionen i henhold til disse foranstaltninger det muligt, herunder i et forhåndsperspektiv, at begrænse stigningen i tilskuddet og således nedsætte omkostningerne for regionen-SOWAER i forhold til den tidligere situation.
Consequently, in order to determine whether or not the measures defined in Section 3.1 give BSCA an economic advantage, the Commission will consider that the entity granting the measure is the group consisting of the Region and SOWAER (hereinafter ‘Region-SOWAER’).
Hvad angår de forventede indtægter ved 2006-foranstaltningerne, skal det anføres, at det ifølge Belgien blev besluttet at ændre måden af beregne det variable koncessionsafgiftsbeløb på, for at lufthavnsforvaltningsselskaberne (og dermed BSCA), som netop havde fået ret til at fastsætte niveauet for lufthavnsafgifterne, ikke kunne nedsætte den afgift, de skulle betale til SOWAER (idet denne afgift hidtil havde været et resultat af lufthavnsafgifterne).
As a result, the Commission considers that it must examine together the commitments of the Region-SOWAER where they alter the economics of the concession (provision of the infrastructures, including development of the investment programme and funding of the major repairs, concession fee, subsidy for certain services associated with the airport activities where these services are economic in nature) and where they are virtually simultaneous and linked.
opretholdes loftet over foranstaltningerne uændret
The Commission will therefore apply the market economy operator test to the following four sets of measures, considered in turn:
indføres der en beskyttelsesklausul om, »at parterne under særlige omstændigheder eller i tilfælde af en lovændring (…), som parterne ikke havde nogen indflydelse på, og som ville kunne udløse væsentlige ændringer af aftalens økonomi til skade for en af parterne (…), i samråd med regionen Vallonien vil søge at definere de ændringer, der med rimelighed kan foretages i aftalen for at genskabe ligevægten mellem deres gensidige ydelser og samtidig beskytte deres respektive interesser«.
the 2002 SOWAER/BSCA agreement and the amendment of 29 March 2002 to the Region/BSCA agreement (hereinafter ‘the 2002 agreements’),
Kommissionen vurderer, at det faktisk var rimeligt, at SOWAER forhandlede med BSCA om en ændring af måden at beregne det variable koncessionsafgiftsbeløb på, for at BSCA ikke skulle være i stand til at ændre niveauet for det variable afgiftsbeløb ved at nedsætte lufthavnsafgifterne [173].
the decision of the Walloon Government of 3 April 2003 to build a terminal with a larger capacity than originally planned (3 million passengers instead of 2 million) and to provide for larger capacity car parks (hereinafter ‘the 2003 investment decision’),
I øvrigt konstaterer Kommissionen, at loftet, der blev indført ved 2006-foranstaltningerne, eksklusive fragt, blev nået allerede ved 637689 passagerer i 2006 og 1737378 passagerer i 2007, mens Charleroi lufthavn allerede havde 2170000 passagerer i 2006.
the service agreement of 4 April 2006 between SOWAER and BSCA and the amendment of 10 March 2006 to the Region/BSCA agreement (hereinafter ‘the 2006 agreements’),
I tilfælde af usædvanlige omstændigheder, der medfører et fald i det variable koncessionsafgiftsbeløb, kunne SOWAER genforhandle med BSCA med henblik på at finde frem til ændringer at foretage i aftalen for at genskabe ligevægten mellem de gensidige tjenesteydelser.
The Commission will also apply the market economy operator test to BSCA's capital increase subscribed by SOWAER in December 2002.
oranstaltningerne burde derfor ikke som udgangspunkt nedsætte indtægterne for regionen-SOWAER.
If any of these measures constitutes an advantage, the Commission will examine whether that advantage is selective.
oranstaltningerne skulle således gøre det muligt som udgangspunkt at begrænse omkostningerne for regionen-SOWAER (jf. betragtning 457) og samtidig fastholde indtægterne (jf. betragtning 459).
Application of the market economy operator test to the measures involving the provision of the infrastructure, including new investments and major repairs, and the granting of a subsidy for certain services associated with the airport activities
Denne foranstaltning udelukkes derfor fra den senere analyse.
As highlighted by point 51 of the aviation guidelines, the analysis of conformity with the market economy operator test should be based on sound ex ante profitability prospects for the entity granting the financing [153].
2008-ændringen af aftalen mellem regionen og BSCA
The Commission notes that the Region did not supply any business plan proving the expected return for the Region and/or SOWAER from the scheduled investments when the binding decisions were made on each investment.
Ændringen af aftalen mellem regionen og BSCA af 15. januar 2008 pålagde regionen at afholde udgiften til nye tjenesteydelser af økonomisk karakter (marshalling osv.) ved hjælp af tilskuddet til visse tjenesteydelser knyttet til lufthavnsaktiviteten.
The absence of a business plan suggests that the Region and/or SOWAER were not acting according to a market economy operator logic when they adopted the measures granted to BSCA.
Tidligere blev udgiften til disse aktiviteter afholdt direkte af regionen.
The Commission also notes that the reports supplied in support of the Walloon Government's decisions justify the need for these investments through the positive impact of the airport's development on the economy and employment situation in Charleroi and its region [154].
Ifølge Belgien havde regionen-SOWAER interesse i denne overdragelse af kompetencer, selv om enheden påtog sig at afholde omkostningerne herved, for den kunne forvente en omkostningsnedgang, idet disse tjenesteydelser skulle leveres af BSCA i stedet for direkte af regionen.
However, the Commission points out that it is settled case-law that regional development considerations cannot be taken into account when applying the market economy operator test [155].
Til støtte for sit synspunkt citerer Belgien begrundelsen for dekretforslaget [174], hvorved BSCA fik overdraget ansvaret for sikkerhedsopgaverne, og en rapport fra det vallonske parlament af 6. december 2007 om samme dekret.
Despite no business plan being supplied by the Region and/or SOWAER, the Commission has examined whether, for the group consisting of the Region-SOWAER, the net present value of each set of measures identified in recital 416 is positive.
I begrundelsen til nævnte dekretforslag nævnes målene med overdragelsen af sikkerhedsopgaverne til forvaltningsselskaberne for lufthavnene i Vallonien, nemlig:
If the net present value of a measure is positive, this means that the measure in question is profitable for the operator concerned.
at gøre regionens investeringer rentable
The discount rate used to calculate the net present value has been determined by establishing the cost of capital for the entity having granted the measure at the time when it was granted.
at give forvaltningsselskaberne ansvaret for ledelsen og finansieringen af udførelsen af driftsopgaverne
The cost of capital for an entity depends on its financing structure, particularly in terms of equity and debt.
at optimere de tjenesteydelser, som de nævnte datterselskaber leverer, i skattemæssig henseende.
In the present case, most of the expenditure associated with the project undertaken by the Region-SOWAER group is covered by the investments funded by SOWAER.