natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Derfor mener Kommissionen, at den manglende godkendelse i finansloven af den implicitte garanti, staten har givet La Poste, ikke gør denne ugyldig.
The Commission takes the view, therefore, that the fact that the implied guarantee given by the State to La Poste has not been authorised in the Finance Act does not mean that it has lapsed.
Som Kommissionens ekspert i øvrigt har påpeget, er omfanget af forpligtelsen til at anføre statens garantier i en finanslov begrænset til »bevilling« af sådanne garantier.
In addition, as the Commission’s expert pointed out, the obligation to enter state guarantees in a Finance Act is confined to the ‘giving’(octroi) of such guarantees.
Bevilling af en garanti dækker de tilfælde, hvor staten ved en eksplicit viljestilkendegivelse beslutter at stille garanti for et organ eller en operation.
To ‘give’ a guarantee the State must by an express manifestation of its intention confer a guarantee on an organisation or an operation.
Omfanget af forpligtelsen til at indføre garantier i finansloven dækker således ikke garantier ifølge en status eller en forpligtelse ifølge retspraksis, der er kendetegnet ved deres implicitte og automatiske karakter.
The scope of the obligation to enter guarantees in the Finance Act does not extend to guarantees that arise out of the legal form of an organisation, or out of an obligation established in case law, which are guarantees of an implied and automatic character.
Denne anden kategori skyldes ikke en beslutning taget af staten, men at staten placerer sig i en allerede eksisterende juridisk ramme, som garantien kun er en følge af.
This category is not the result of a decision of the State, but of the fact that the State places itself in an existing legal framework, the guarantee being only one effect of that framework.
Kommissionen konkluderer, at de franske myndigheders argument baseret på LOLF ikke er overbevisende, og at det forhold, at det ikke præciseres i nogen finanslov, at staten tilbyder La Poste sin garanti som følge af selskabets status, ikke udelukker, at der foreligger en sådan garanti.
The Commission concludes that the argument put forward by the French authorities on the basis of the Organic Law on the Finance Act is not convincing, and that the fact that it is not stated in any Finance Act that the State extends a guarantee to La Poste by reason of its legal form does not mean that there is no such guarantee.
Under alle omstændigheder understreger Kommissionen, at den ikke er bundet af, at foranstaltningen i henhold til fransk ret betegnes som garanti og heller ikke af, at der skulle være tale om en garanti, der falder ind under LOLF.
The Commission would emphasise that it is not in any event bound by the description of the measure as a ‘guarantee’ for purposes of French law, or by the fact that a guarantee is or is not caught by the Organic Law on the Finance Act.
Efter Kommissionens mening er det kun kvalificeringen af denne foranstaltning i forhold til fællesskabsretten, som er relevant, og især i forhold til meddelelsen om garantier.
From the Commission’s point of view the only relevant consideration is how the measure is to be described for purposes of Community law, and the Guarantees Notice in particular.
Kommissionen understreger, at fællesskabsretten anerkender eksistensen af en implicit garanti, når en medlemsstat er juridisk forpligtet til at betale en anden persons fordring i tilfælde af dennes insolvens.
Community law recognises the existence of a guarantee once a Member State legally has to repay a claim on another person in the event of that person’s defaulting.
For det fjerde, hvis offentlige erhvervsvirksomheder var omfattet af en statsgaranti, ville en ændring af deres status ifølge de franske myndigheder kræve iværksættelse af garantier til at sikre de kreditorrettigheder, der var opstået før omdannelsen af den pågældende offentligretlige juridiske person.
Fourth, the French authorities contend that if EPICs enjoyed a state guarantee, any change in their legal form would necessitate measures to preserve the rights of creditors arising before the change.
Da der aldrig er iværksat en sådan mekanisme (jf. navnlig omdannelsen af France Télécom, Gaz de France, EDF og ADP), skulle det bevise, at der ikke eksisterer nogen garanti.
No such mechanism has ever been set up (for example in connection with the conversions of France Télécom, Gaz de France, EDF or ADP), which proves, it is claimed, that there is no guarantee.
Som Kommissionens ekspert forklarer, skyldes en sådan påstand en meget bred fortolkning af den forfatningsmæssige beskyttelse af ejendomsretten.
The Commission’s expert explains that this assertion is based on a very broad interpretation of the constitutional protection of the right of property.
Hvis man følger de franske myndigheders argument, ville en beskyttelse af ejendomsretten kræve, at alle fordringer blev sikret.
According to the French authorities’ argument, the protection of the right of property requires that all claims be preserved.
Eftersom den forfatningsmæssige beskyttelse af ejendomsretten ikke udelukkende vedrører det tilfælde, hvor denne afhænger af en offentligretlig person, svarer en sådan fortolkning til, at fordringerne skal beskyttes, hvis de bliver »svækket« af den opståede udvikling i tilfælde af en begivenhed i et selskabs liv.
The constitutional protection of the right of property is not confined to cases where the right of property depends on a public body; on the French authorities’ interpretation, therefore, claims would have to be protected whenever they were rendered more fragile by any event in the life of any company.
Men der er intet i gældende fransk ret, som sikrer fordringer.
But in French positive law as it stands there is nothing to preserve such claims.
Hvis man herefter skulle begrænse argumentet til tilfælde af statsgaranterede fordringer, ville det betyde, at en ejendomsret, der oprindelig var garanteret af staten, skulle være omfattet af en højere forfatningsmæssig beskyttelse end andre ejendomsrettigheder.
If the argument is confined to claims guaranteed by the State, it would mean that a right of property that had once been guaranteed by the State would enjoy constitutional protection superior to other property rights.
Det er der intet, der tyder på.
There is nothing to suggest that this is so.
Endelig er et tilgodehavende en fordringsret, som ikke må forveksles med ejendomsretten, der i bund og grund er en tinglig ret.
Lastly, a claim is a right in personam, not to be confused with a right of property, which by its nature is a right in rem.
Der kan ikke være tale om at udvide den øgede beskyttelse, der gælder for tinglige rettigheder, til fordringsrettigheder.
Rights in personam cannot be brought within the more far-reaching protection extended to rights in rem.
Kommissionen konkluderer, at ejendomsretten ikke kræver, at der fastsættes en særlig foranstaltning for at garantere kreditorers rettigheder i det øjeblik, en offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed omdannes til et selskab, som er omfattet af de almindelige procedurer for rekonstruktion og likvidation.
The Commission concludes that, when an EPIC is converted into a company that can be made the subject of court proceedings for administration or winding up, the right of property does not require that a specific measure be taken to preserve the entitlements of creditors.
Når der mangler sådanne foranstaltninger, er det derfor ikke et tegn på, at der ikke foreligger en implicit garanti.
The fact that no such measure has been taken, therefore, does not constitute evidence that there is no implied guarantee.
Ifølge de franske myndigheder ville det i modsætning til den foregående situation ikke have været nødvendigt at stille en eksplicit garanti for den gæld, post og telekommunikationsvæsenet havde stiftet, og som blev overført til La Poste, hvis sidstnævnte i henhold til vedtægterne var omfattet af en statsgaranti.
Contrariwise, the French authorities argue that, if La Poste had enjoyed a state guarantee by reason of its legal form, there would have been no need to give an express guarantee for the debts contracted by the old Administration of Posts and Telecommunications which were transferred to La Poste.
Det skete ikke desto mindre ved en bekendtgørelse af 31. december 1990.
But, they argue, such a guarantee was in fact given, in an order dated 31 December 1990.
Kommissionen understreger, at den kendsgerning, at de franske myndigheder har besluttet at stille en eksplicit garanti, ikke beviser, at der ikke forelå en implicit garanti.
The Commission points out that the fact that the French authorities may have decided to give an express guarantee does not mean that there was no implied guarantee.
Det samme ræsonnement finder anvendelse på de franske myndigheders argument vedrørende den garanti, staten stillede for visse af ERAP's og Agence Française du Développements aktiviteter.
The same reasoning applies to an argument put forward by the French authorities regarding the guarantee given by the State for certain activities of ERAP or the French Development Agency.
Når staten i visse tilfælde besluttede at give sin eksplicitte garanti, selv om der allerede forelå en implicit garanti, kunne det bl.a. forklares ved et ønske om gennemsigtighed og viljen til at øge kreditorernes retssikkerhed.
In choosing to give an express guarantee in certain cases even though there was already an implied guarantee, the State may have been motivated for example by a concern for transparency and a desire to augment the creditors’ legal certainty.
Som de franske myndigheders ekspert siger, »kan indehavere af en formodet implicit garanti ikke kræve lige så indiskutable og absolutte rettigheder som dem, der hører til en eksplicit garanti«.
As the French authorities’ expert asserts, ‘holders of a supposed implied guarantee cannot claim rights as indisputable and decisive as those conferred by an express guarantee’.
Endelig citerer de franske myndigheder en artikel af den tidligere retsformand for Conseil d'Etats afdeling for tvistemål, Daniel Labetoulle.
Last, the French authorities cite an article by Mr Labetoulle, former president of the litigation division of the Council of State.
Denne artikel vil blive gennemgået sammen med dommen i Campoloro-sagen i afsnittet om statens ifaldelse af ansvar i nærværende afgørelse.
This article will be considered along with the judgment in Campoloro in the section of this Decision dealing with the liability of the State.
På grundlag af de foregående elementer konkluderer Kommissionen:
The Commission concludes that:
Der i modsætning til de franske myndigheders påstande ikke er nogen retsakt eller beslutning, som udelukker, at der foreligger en statsgaranti til fordel for La Poste
contrary to the affirmations of the French authorities, there is no legislation or decision that excludes the existence of a state guarantee to La Poste; and
Det forhold, at denne garanti ikke er udtrykkeligt fastsat i en retsakt, ikke udelukker, at der foreligger en implicit garanti.
the fact that there is no legislation expressly providing for such a guarantee does not mean that there can be no implied guarantee.
Eksistensen af implicitte garantier i tilknytning til status som offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed bekræftes i et notat fra det franske Conseil d'Etat
The existence of implied guarantees arising out of the legal form of publicly owned establishments is confirmed by a memorandum of the Council of State
Eksistensen af en implicit garanti i tilknytning til status som offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed bekræftes i et notat fra Conseil d'Etat udarbejdet i 1995 i Crédit Lyonnais-sagen og blev allerede anført i indledningsbeslutningen.
The existence of an implied guarantee arising out of the legal form of publicly owned establishments is confirmed by a memorandum of the Council of State drawn up in 1995 in the Crédit Lyonnais case, which was cited in the opening decision.
I dette notat baserede Conseil d'Etat en implicit garanti alene på bankens karakter af offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed. »I anledning af lovforslaget om statens foranstaltninger i forbindelse med rekonstruktionsplanerne for Crédit Lyonnais og Comptoir des Entrepreneurs har Conseil d'Etat (…) vurderet, at statsgarantien til denne virksomhed uden eksplicitte lovgivningsbestemmelser følger af selve bankens karakter af offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed«.
The Council of State there took the view that the organisation concerned enjoyed an implied guarantee by reason merely of its character as a publicly owned establishment: ‘In connection with the draft law on state involvement in the recovery plans for Crédit Lyonnais and Comptoir des Entrepreneurs, the Council of State […] took the view that there was a state guarantee for this establishment which derived without any express legislative provision from the very fact that it was a publicly owned establishment’.
Kommissionen har gentagne gange bedt de franske myndigheder om venligst at sende den hele dette notat.
The Commission has repeatedly asked the French authorities to send it the full text of this memorandum.
De franske myndigheder har svaret, at det pågældende notat, som ikke blev udstedt på anmodning af regeringen, ikke var blevet formaliseret i et officielt dokument.
The French authorities have replied that the memorandum in question was not drawn up at the request of the Government and was not given formal status in any official document.
Ifølge de franske myndigheder består det af Kommissionen omtalte notat kun af den pågældende sætning i årsberetningen.
According to the French authorities, the memorandum to which the Commission refers consisted only of the one sentence quoted in the annual report.
I øvrigt kan denne udtalelse ifølge de franske myndigheder ikke overføres på La Poste, da den gælder for en offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed med offentlig regnskabsfører, der netop er indsat for at varetage forvaltningen af statens støtte til rekonstruktionen af Crédit Lyonnais, den kom før organisk lov af 1. august 2001 om finanslovene (LOLF), og det ville stride imod Conseil d'Etats senere retspraksis at anvende den.
In addition, the French authorities argue, that opinion cannot be transposed to the case of La Poste, for several reasons: because it concerned a publicly owned establishment with a public accountant set up specifically to manage state support for the recovery of Crédit Lyonnais; because it predated the Organic Law on the Finance Act, which was adopted on 1 August 2001; and because its application is contrary to the subsequent case law of the Council of State.
Kommissionen noterer, at de franske myndigheders fortolkning om, at Conseil d'Etats udtalelse ikke kan overføres på La Poste, modsiger selve udtalelsens ordlyd.
The Commission would point out that the interpretation put forward by the French authorities according to which the Council of State’s opinion cannot be transposed to the case of La Poste contradicts that opinion’s very wording.
I denne henviser Conseil d'Etat nemlig på ingen måde til virksomhedens mission.
The Council of State does not refer to the aims of the establishment.
I øvrigt omtaler det arten af den offentlige erhvervsvirksomhed og ikke arten af offentlige erhvervsvirksomheder med offentlig regnskabsfører.
And it speaks of publicly owned establishments, and not of publicly owned establishments with public accountants.
De franske myndigheder forklarer endvidere ikke, hvorfor denne udtalelse kun skulle kunne finde anvendelse på offentlige erhvervsvirksomheder med offentlig regnskabsfører.
The French authorities do not explain why it should apply to publicly owned establishments only if they have a public accountant.
Hvad angår de franske myndigheders argumenter om, at udtalelsen ikke skulle kunne finde anvendelse, fordi den ligger før LOLF og er i modstrid med Conseil d'Etats senere retspraksis, har Kommissionen ovenfor vist, at LOLF ikke er til hinder for, at der eksisterer en implicit statsgaranti til fordel for La Poste.
As regards the arguments put forward by the French authorities to the effect that the opinion is not applicable because it predates the Organic Law on the Finance Act, and is contrary to the subsequent case law of the Council of State, the Commission has already shown here that the Organic Law does not stand in the way of an implied guarantee given by the State to La Poste.
Kommissionen mener derfor, at udtalelsen fra Conseil d'Etat gælder for La Poste, og at sidstnævnte erkender, at der foreligger en statsgaranti som følge af en virksomheds offentligretlige karakter.
The Commission takes the view, therefore, that the Council of State’s opinion is indeed applicable to La Poste, and that it acknowledges the existence of a state guarantee deriving from the public character of an organisation.
Endvidere bekræftes eksistensen af implicitte garantier, der følger af en forvaltnings- eller lovgivningsmæssig retsakt, og som »skaber og medfører finansielle konsekvenser for staten«, i notatet fra økonomi-, finans- og erhvervsministeren af 22. juli 2003 om »Opgørelse af implicitte og eksplicitte garantiordninger ydet af staten«.
That there are state guarantees that derive from an administrative or legislative act which ‘produces and entails financial consequences for the State’ is confirmed in a memorandum from the Minister for Economic Affairs, Finance and Industry dated 22 July 2003, concerning a ‘Census of implied and express guarantee arrangements granted by the State’.
Dette notat viser, at statsgarantien kan følge af meget forskelligartede retsakter.
That memorandum shows that a state guarantee can derive from legal acts of very different kinds.
Kommissionen konstaterer ligeledes, at de franske myndigheder i en forklarende notits, der er vedlagt notatet, nærmere bestemt i del 3, hvori det hedder, »erfaringerne med indfrielser af garantiforpligtelser og Conseil d'Etats retspraksis har gjort det muligt at finpudse et vist antal skoleeksempler på implicit garanti, som det er vigtigt at identificere« anfører, at »Visse retlige betingelser indebærer i kraft af deres opbygning ansvar for aktionærerne, især interessentskaber (SNC) og midlertidige konsortier (GIE).
In an explanatory note attached to the memorandum, in part 3, under the heading ‘Experience of calls made on guarantees and the judgments of the Council have clarified a number of textbook cases of guarantees which need to be identified’, the French authorities affirm that ‘Some legal forms by their structure entail a liability on the part of their shareholders; this is true in particular of [the forms of partnership known as] the société en nom collectif, or SNC, and the groupement momentané d’entreprises, or GIE.
I tilfælde af disse to former vil tredjemand konsekvent sagsøge den statslige aktionær.
With these last two forms third parties will always seek out the State shareholder.
Det samme gælder oprettelse af offentlige erhvervsvirksomheder og visse erhvervelser af kapitalandele i aktieselskaber«.
The same applies to the creation of publicly owned establishments and to some shareholdings in public limited companies’.
Således anfører de franske myndigheder selv, at oprettelse af en offentlig erhvervsvirksomhed indebærer en implicit statsgaranti til fordel for denne erhvervsvirksomheds kreditorer.
Here the French authorities themselves point out that the setting up of a publicly owned establishment entails an implied guarantee given by the State to the establishment’s creditors.
La Postes kreditorer er sikre på, at deres fordringer bliver betalt
A creditor of La Poste can be sure that his claim will be repaid
Kommissionen ønsker nu at undersøge, hvordan en kreditor mod La Poste forholder sig for at få betalt sin fordring, såfremt La Poste var i økonomiske vanskeligheder og ikke kunne indfri sin gæld.
The Commission will now consider the steps to be taken by creditors of La Poste in order to settle their claims if La Poste were to be in financial difficulty and unable to meet its debts.
Kommissionen skal fastslå, om La Postes kreditor ved udløbet af en på forhånd fastlagt og offentliggjort procedure er i en situation, der kan sammenlignes med en kreditor i forbindelse med en virksomhed, som er underlagt handelsretten.
The Commission will seek to determine whether, at the end of a procedure that is defined in advance and conducted in public, a creditor of La Poste will be in a position comparable to that of a creditor of an enterprise governed by commercial law.
Denne undersøgelse skal vise, at
This examination will show that:
De traditionelle hindringer for betaling af en fordring i en privatretlig virksomhed ikke findes, når der er tale om en offentligretlig erhvervsvirksomhed (jf. nr. 1) nedenfor)
the conventional obstacles to the settlement of a claim against a body governed by private law are absent in the case of a publicly owned establishment (1);
Proceduren for inddrivelse af gæld i offentligretlige erhvervsvirksomheder, der er dømt ved en retsafgørelse som fastsat ved loven af 16. juli 1980, i intet tilfælde fører til, at gælden forsvinder(jf. nr. 2) nedenfor)
the procedure laid down by the Law of 16 July 1980 for the recovery of the debts of a publicly owned establishment that has been found by a court to be in default does not in any way lead to the cancellation of the debt (2);
Statens ansvar for iværksættelse af proceduren for tilbagebetaling af offentligretlige erhvervsvirksomheders gæld udviser alle en garantiordnings kendetegn (jf. nr. 3) nedenfor)
the rules governing the liability of the State in the procedure for the recovery of the debts of a publicly owned establishment have all the characteristics of a guarantee mechanism (3);
Selv om kreditor ikke bliver fyldestgjort, kan han knytte retsvirkninger til den legitime fejltagelse, han begik ved etablering af fordringen, idet den altid vil blive imødekommet (jf. nr. 4) nedenfor).
even if he were to fail to obtain satisfaction, a creditor could always invoke the effects of a legitimate mistake that he made when his claim arose regarding the prospect that it would always be honoured (4).
De traditionelle hindringer for betaling af en fordring i en privatretlig virksomhed findes ikke, når der er tale om offentligretlige erhvervsvirksomheder
The conventional obstacles to the settlement of a claim against a body governed by private law are absent in the case of a publicly owned establishment
Således som det blev præciseret i beskrivelsen af foranstaltningen, er La Poste ikke underlagt de almindelige regler for rekonstruktion og retslig likvidation af kriseramte virksomheder.
It was made clear in the description of the measure that La Poste is not subject to the ordinary law rules governing the compulsory administration or winding up of firms in difficulty.
La Postes kreditor risikerer derfor ikke at se sin fordring forsvinde ved indledningen af en konkursprocedure eller kun at få en delvis dækning af sin oprindelige fordring ved udløbet af den almindelige rekonstruktions- eller retslige likvidationsbehandling.
A creditor of La Poste is not in danger of seeing his claim cancelled because compulsory winding-up proceedings have been brought, or of obtaining only partial payment of his initial claim at the end of compulsory administration or winding-up proceedings under the ordinary law.
Det gælder således interessentskaber, økonomiske firmagrupper og civilretlige selskaber.
This is true of the forms of partnership known as the société en nom collectif, the groupement d’intérêt économique, or the société civile.
Der findes således ikke noget almindeligt eksplicit princip for selskabsdeltageres garanti for gæld.
Thus there is no express principle of ordinary law governing the liability of members for debts.
Det kan også udledes af ovenstående betragtninger, at intet forhindrer lovgiverne i at fastsætte, at en offentligretlig erhvervsvirksomhed kan oprettes af en offentligretlig person, der kun kan tåle tab op til sit bidrag eller sin oprindelige tildeling.
It may also be concluded that there is nothing to prevent the legislature from providing that a publicly owned establishment can be set up by a public body that will bear any loss only up to the limit of its initial contribution or endowment.