natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
De samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter blev gjort bekendt med konsekvenserne af manglende samarbejde, jf. artikel grundforordningens 28, stk. 1 og 6.
The co-operating exporting producers were made aware of the consequences of non-cooperation in accordance with Article 28(1) and (6) of the basic Regulation.
I betragtning af dette manglende samarbejde blev det fundet nødvendigt at basere eventuelle konklusioner vedrørende bankernes udlån til de samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter på de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger.
In view of this lack of cooperation, it was considered necessary to base any findings with respect to the loans provided by banks to the co-operating exporting producers on facts available.
De samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter anfægtede brugen af de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger, men fremlagde ingen yderligere dokumentation.
The co-operating exporting producers disputed the use of facts available but did not provide any further evidence.
En kinesisk eksporterende producent blev anmodet om at fremlægge specifikke oplysninger vedrørende en særlig gældsomlægningsaftale med tre kinesiske banker.
One Chinese exporting producer was requested to provide specific information concerning a specific debt restructuring agreement with three Chinese banks.
Førnævnte eksporterende producent nægtede at fremlægge de nødvendige oplysninger.
The aforesaid exporting producer refused to provide the necessary information.
Det var derfor ikke muligt at verificere den relevante overordnede aftale og dertil hørende låneaftaler eller de specifikke punkter såsom lånets varighed, tidsplanen for tilbagebetaling af lånet og rentesatsen.
Consequently, it was not possible to verify the relevant overall agreement and corresponding contract loans as well as all specific points like duration of loans, repayment schedules and interest rates.
Den samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producent blev gjort bekendt med konsekvenserne af manglende samarbejde, jf. artikel grundforordningens 28, stk. 1 og 6.
The co-operating exporting producer was made aware of the consequences of non-cooperation in accordance with Article 28(1) and (6) of the basic Regulation.
I betragtning af dette manglende samarbejde blev det fundet nødvendigt at basere eventuelle konklusioner vedrørende bankernes pågældende lån til den nævnte producent på de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger.
In view of this lack of cooperation, it was considered necessary to base any findings with respect to the relevant loans provided by banks to that producer on facts available.
Den samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producent anfægtede brugen af de foreliggende faktiske oplysninger, men fremlagde ingen yderligere dokumentation.
The co-operating exporting producer disputed the use of facts available but did not provide any further evidence.
Statslig indgriben i banksektoren vedrørende en begunstiget låneordning
Government intervention in the financial banking system for a preferential lending to paper making industry
De statslige planers rolle
Role of government plans
Undersøgelsen fastslog, at der findes særlige politiske planer for papirindustrien.
The investigation established the existence of specific policy plans with respect to the papermaking industry.
Det fremgår af disse planer, at de statslige myndigheder nøje overvåger papirindustriens resultater og gennemfører særlige politikker (f.eks. gennemførelsesdekreter) med henblik på efterlevelse af de politiske planer.
These plans stipulate that the state authorities monitor closely the performance of the papermaking industry and implement special policies (e.g. implementing decrees) for the fulfilment of the goals of the policy plans.
Undersøgelsen fastslog desuden, at de specifikke politiske planer indeholder bestemmelser om begunstigede låneordninger til papirindustrien.
Furthermore, the investigation also established that the specific policy plans provide for preferential lending to the paper making industry.
Efter gennemgangen af beslutning nr. 40 og det særlige afsnit om finansiering i 2007-planen for papirindustrien står det klart, at det kinesiske statslige plansystem giver bankerne ordre til at yde lån til papirindustrien.
Indeed, by examining Decision No 40 and the specific financing section of the 2007 Papermaking Plan, it is obvious that the Chinese state planning system directs banks to provide loans to the paper making industry.
Vedrørende beslutning nr. 40 skal det bemærkes, at den nævnte retsakt er beordret af statsrådet, altså det højeste administrative organ i Kina, og er dermed juridisk bindende for andre offentlige organer og erhvervsdrivende.
With reference to Decision No 40, it is noted that that act is an order from the State Council i.e. the highest administrative body in the PRC and so legally binding for other public bodies and the economic operators.
I den opdeles de industrielle sektorer i »tilskyndede, restriktive og udelukkede projekter«.
It classifies the industrial sectors into ‘Encouraged, Restrictive and Eliminated Projects’.
Retsakten indeholder industripolitiske retningslinjer, som sammen med kataloget viser, hvordan GOC opretholder en politik til fremme af og støtte for grupper af virksomheder eller industrier såsom papirindustrien, som i kataloget er anført som »tilskyndet industri«.
This Act represents an industrial policy guideline that along with the Directory Catalogue shows how the GOC maintains a policy of encouraging and supporting groups of enterprises or industries, such as the paper industry, classified by the Directory Catalogue as an ‘Encouraged industry’.
Det skal bemærkes, at der er opført 26 erhvervsgrene under kategorien »tilskyndet«, som kun udgør en del af den kinesiske økonomi.
With respect to the number of industries listed as ‘Encouraged’ it is noted that there are in total 26, representing only a portion of the Chinese economy.
Desuden er kun visse aktiviteter i disse 26 erhvervsgrene anført med status som »tilskyndet«.
Furthermore, only certain activities within these 26 sectors are given ‘encouraged’ status.
Det hedder desuden i beslutning nr. 40 i artikel 17, at »tilskyndede investeringsprojekter« har fordel af særlige privilegier og incitamenter (økonomisk støtte, fritagelse for importtold, momsfritagelse, skattefritagelse).
Decision No 40 also stipulates under Article 17 that the ‘Encouraged investment projects’ shall benefit from specific privileges and incentives (financial support, import duty exemption, VAT exemption, tax exemption).
Hvad angår »restriktive og udelukkede projekter« får de offentlige myndigheder med beslutning nr. 40 beføjelser til at gribe direkte ind og regulere markedet.
On the other hand, with reference to the ‘Restrictive and Eliminated Projects’, Decision No 40 empowers the state authorities to intervene directly to regulate the market.
I henhold artikel 18 og 19 skal den relevante myndighed nemlig afholde de finansielle institutioner fra at yde lån. Desuden skal statens prismyndighed ifølge disse artikler hæve elektricitetsprisen og pålægge elselskaberne at stoppe elforsyningen til »restriktive og udelukkede projekter«.
In fact, Articles 18 and 19 ask the relevant authority to stop financial institutions from supplying loans; they also order the State price administrative department to raise the electricity price and instruct the electricity supply companies to stop supplying electricity to such ‘Restrictive and Eliminated Projects’.
Det fremgår tydeligt af ovenstående, at beslutning nr. 40 indeholder bindende regler for alle økonomiske institutioner i form af direktiver om fremme af og støtte til tilskyndede erhvervsgrene som f.eks. papirindustrien.
It is obvious from the above that Decision No 40 provides binding rules to all the economic institutions in the form of directives on the promotion and support of encouraged industries, one of which is the paper making industry.
2007-planen for papirindustrien indeholder særlige betingelser, retningslinjer og mål for papirindustrien.
The 2007 Papermaking Plan provides specific conditions, orientations and targets for the papermaking industry.
Planen beskriver papirindustrien i Kina (altså antal virksomheder, produktion, forbrug og eksport, statistik om den type råvarer, der anvendes).
It describes the state of the papermaking industry in China (e.g. number of enterprises, production, consumption and exports, statistics on the type of raw materials used).
I planen fastsættes politikker og mål for papirindustrien, hvad angår industrielt layout, brug af råmaterialer, brug af teknologi og udstyr, varestruktur og organisationsstruktur hos papirproducenterne.
It sets out the policies and goals for the papermaking industry with respect to the industrial layout, the use of raw materials, the use of technology and equipment, the product structure and the organizational structure of the papermaking producers.
Teksten indeholder også industrielle »udvælgelseskriterier«, da den fastsætter specifikke krav til forholdet mellem aktiver/passiver i papirindustrien, fastsætter specifikke kreditvurderinger for papirindustrien og specifikke mål for stordriftsfordele, markedsandele, energi- og vandforbrug, som virksomhederne skal opfylde.
The text also sets industry ‘admission criteria’, as it lays down specific assets/liability ratio requirements for the papermaking industry, sets specific credit ratings for the papermaking industry and specific targets for economies of scale, market share ratios, energy and water consumption to be achieved or attained by companies.
Det skal i den forbindelse bemærkes, at planen klart fastslår, at de finansielle institutioner ikke skal yde lån til projekter, som ikke opfylder kravene i planen.
In this respect it is pertinent to note that the Plan clearly states that financial institutions shall not provide loans for any project which does not comply with its regulations.
Kort sagt står det efter gennemgangen af teksten og den anvendte sprogbrug klart, at 2007-planen for papirindustrien er et specifikt statsligt instrument rettet mod at regulere papirindustrien i Kina og kun kan betragtes som et obligatorisk industripolitisk redskab, der konkret skal gennemføres af de relevante interesserede parter i Kina (statslige myndigheder, finansielle institutioner og producenter).
In sum it is clear from the reading of the text and the wording used that the 2007 Papermaking Plan is a specific state instrument aimed at regulating the papermaking industry in China and can only be considered as a compulsory industrial policy tool that has to be concretely implemented by relevant interested parties in China (state authorities, financial institutions and producers).
GOC påstod, at 2007-planen for papirindustrien skal betragtes som ikke-bindende retningslinjer.
The GOC argued that the 2007 Papermaking Plan is to be considered a guideline plan without binding force.
I samme forbindelse blev det desuden påstået, at ingen af regeringens planer og projekter er juridisk bindende, og at der derfor ikke kan indrømmes økonomiske bidrag eller fordele som led i disse planer og projekter.
It was also submitted that in the same context none of the government plans and projects are legally binding and as a result no financial contribution or benefit can be granted in the framework of such plans and projects.
En simpel gennemlæsning af teksten i 2007-planen for papirindustrien og ovenstående særlige betingelser viser dog, at teksten ikke kan betragtes som ikke-bindende retningslinjer.
However, a simple reading of the text on the 2007 Papermaking Plan and its above-stated specific provisions reveals that the text cannot be considered as a non-binding guideline.
Det skal i den forbindelse bemærkes, at det i 2007-planen for papirindustrien bl.a. hedder, at politikken for industriel udvikling udarbejdes på grundlag af kravene om at fuldende reformen af den socialistiske markedsøkonomi og de dermed forbundne love og regelsæt med henblik på at skabe en rimelig markedsstruktur og et godt miljø for udvikling, løse eksisterende problemer i udviklingen af papirindustrien og lede en sund udvikling i industrien.
In this respect it is noted that the 2007 Papermaking Plan text inter alia reads ‘The industrial development policy is formulated based on the requirements of perfecting the reform of the socialist market economy and the related laws and regulations, so as to establish a fair market order and good development environment, solve the issues existing in the development of papermaking industry and direct the healthy development of the industry’.
Hvad angår de resterende planer og projekter under betragtning 64, skal det bemærkes, at mindst én henviser til et gennemførelsescirkulære til den 11. femårsplan.
With respect to the remaining plans and projects as listed under recital (64) above it is noted that at least one refers to an implementing circular of the 11th Five Year Plan.
Det er svært at forstå, hvordan et angiveligt ikke-bindende dokument (en regeringsplan) kan have en juridisk bindende gennemførelsesretsakt (i dette tilfælde et cirkulære fra statsrådet).
It is difficult to understand how an allegedly non-legally binding document (a government plan) can have a legally binding implementing act (in this case a circular of the State Council).
Det hedder desuden i artikel 34 i lov om forretningsbanker [2003] nr. 13, at bankerne baserer deres udlånsvirksomhed på nationaløkonomien og den sociale udviklings behov og som led i den statslige industripolitik.
In addition, Article 34 of the Law on Commercial Banks [2003] No. 13 states that banks ‘carry out their loan business upon the needs of the national economy and the social development and under the guidance of the state industrial policy’.
Det blev også undersøgt, hvilken rolle kommissionen for national udvikling og reform har haft.
The role of the National Development and Reform Commission (‘NDRC’) was also investigated.
GOC påstod, at kommissionen for nationale udvikling og reform er et agentur under statsrådet, som koordinerer den makroøkonomiske politik og forvalter regeringens investeringer.
It was submitted by the GOC that the NDRC is an agency of the State Council coordinating macro-economic policy and managing the Government investments.
Den kinesiske regerings eneste forklaring var, at statsrådet, som er det højeste regeringsmæssige administrationsorgan, giver instrukser, som kommissionen for national udvikling og reform skal følge, og at disse oplysninger under alle omstændigheder er irrelevante for undersøgelsen.
The only explanation provided by the GOC was that the State Council, the highest governmental administrative body, gives the instructions which the NDRC has to follow and that in any event this information is irrelevant to the investigation.
Vedtægterne for den myndighed, der udarbejder regeringsplaner, betragtes som relevante for undersøgelsen ud fra den betragtning, at regeringens planer og projekter undersøges som led i disse procedurer.
The statutes of the authority that issues government plans are considered relevant to the investigation, in view of the fact that government plans and projects are under investigation in these proceedings.
Kommissionen undersøgte også, hvorfor kommissionen for national udvikling og reform på permanent basis indhenter detaljerede oplysninger fra virksomhederne.
The Commission also enquired about the reasons why the NDRC collects, on a permanent basis, detailed information from companies.
GOC forklarede, at oplysningerne også kunne indhentes via erhvervssammenslutninger og andre offentlige kilder.
The GOC clarified that the information could be collected through industrial associations and other public sources.
En sådan systematisk indsamling af virksomhedsrelaterede oplysninger, som anvendes i regeringens planer og projekter, viser, at disse planer og projekter betragtes som et vigtigt element i statens industripolitik.
Nevertheless, the existence of a systematic mechanism to collect company related data to be used in government plans and projects reveals that these plans and project are considered as an important element of state industrial policy.
Det fremgår af det ovenstående, at de finansielle institutioners beslutninger vedrørende papirindustrien skal træffes under hensyntagen til behovet for at opfylde målene i de relevante politiske planer.
It follows from the above that any decision taken by financial institutions with respect to the papermaking industry would have to take into consideration the need to fulfil the goals of the relevant policy plans.
Virksomheder, der ifølge disse specifikke politiske planer har status af »tilskyndede industrier«, betragtes som havende høj kreditvurdering, hvilket har direkte konsekvenser for vurderingen af det kinesiske finanssystems kreditværdighed.
Indeed, companies qualified by these specific policy plans as ‘Encouraged industries’ are considered of high credit rating, something that has direct consequences on the assessment of the creditworthiness by the Chinese financial system.
Efter gennemgangen af det særlige afsnit om finansiering i 2007-planen for papirindustrien og en kreditvurdering, som blev fremlagt af en samarbejdsvillig eksporterende producent, står det desuden klart, at det kinesiske plansystem giver bankerne instrukser om at yde lån til papirindustrien, og virksomhederne betragtes som havende høj kreditvurdering, idet de er berettigede til at indgå i specifikke politiske planer.
Furthermore, from examining the specific financing section of the 2007 Papermaking Plan and a credit rating note that was made available from one co-operating exporting producer it is obvious that the Chinese state planning system directs banks to provide loans to the papermaking industry and companies are considered of high credit rating because they qualify for specific policy plans.
Det er relevant at bemærke, at den kreditvurdering, som blev erhvervet under undersøgelsen, skaber en direkte forbindelse mellem virksomhedens positive fremtidsperspektiver og tilstedeværelsen af de politiske planer for papirindustrien og opfyldelsen af målsætningerne heri.
It is pertinent to note that the particular credit rating note obtained during the investigation directly links the positive future prospects of the company with the existence of the papermaking policy plans and the fulfilment of their objectives.
Der er ligeledes bevis for, at de statslige myndigheder overvåger virksomhedernes resultater, idet de hvert år undersøger deres erhvervslicenser og derved opbevarer finansielle og resultatmæssige statistikker.
There is also evidence that the State authorities monitor the performance of companies as they examine annually their business licenses and retain in this way financial and performance statistics.
Desuden er der i oplysningerne indsendt af de samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter bevis for, at den kinesiske nationalbank i tråd med bestemmelserne i artikel 9 i forordningen om registrering og høring af banker, overvåger virksomhedernes lånesituation i forbindelse med den årlige gennemgang af de lån, som virksomhederne gør brug af hvert år.
Furthermore, there is also evidence, derived from information submitted from co-operating exporting producers, that the PBOC monitors, in line with the provisions of Article 9 of the Regulation on Registration and Consultation of Banks, the loan situation of companies through the annual examination of the loans companies avail themselves of each year.
Ovenstående kendsgerninger beviser forbindelsen mellem de specifikke politiske planer og finansieringen i papirindustrien.
All the above facts demonstrate the link between the specific policy plans and the financing of the papermaking industry.
Statslig indgriben i banksektoren
Government intervention in the banking sector
Undersøgelsen har desuden fastslået, at det kinesiske finansmarked er kendetegnet ved statslig indgriben, idet de fleste større banker er statsejede.
In addition, the investigation has established that the Chinese financial market is characterised by government intervention because most of the major banks are state-owned.
De kinesiske myndigheder har kun fremlagt meget begrænsede oplysninger om aktiebeholdning/ejerskab af bankerne i Kina.
The Chinese authorities have provided only very limited information concerning shareholding/ownership of banks in China.
Kommissionen har dog, jf. nedenfor, samlet alle tilgængelige oplysninger med henblik på at træffe repræsentative konklusioner.
However, as further outlined below, the Commission compiled available information in order to arrive at a representative finding.
I forbindelse med analysen af, hvorvidt bankerne har eller udøver offentlige beføjelser, søgte Kommissionen også oplysninger om ikke blot statsligt ejerskab af bankerne, men også andre kendetegn såsom statslig tilstedeværelse i bestyrelsen, statslig kontrol over aktiviteterne, varetagelse af statslige politikker eller interesser, og hvorvidt disse enheder blev oprettet ved lov.
In performing its analysis whether banks are entities vested with or exercising government authority the Commission also sought information concerning not only the government ownership of the banks but also other characteristics such as the government presence on the board of directors, the government control over activities, the pursuit of government policies or interests and whether entities were created by statute.
Ud fra de tilgængelige oplysninger blev det konkluderet, at de statsejede banker i Kina har den største markedsandel og er dominerende aktører på finansmarkedet i Kina. Ifølge Deutsche Bank Research fra 2006 udgør de statsejede bankers andel over to tredjedele af det kinesiske marked.
From the available information it is concluded that the state-owned banks in China command the highest market share and are the predominant players in the Chinese financial market; according to the 2006 Deutsche Bank Research on China's banking sector, the state-owned banks’ share may amount to more than 2/3 of the Chinese market.
I WTO's undersøgelse af Kinas handelspolitik hed det i samme forbindelse, at den store andel af statsejede banker er et andet stort problem i finanssektoren i Kina [5].
For the same matter the WTO Trade Policy Review of China noted that ‘The high degree of state ownership is another notable feature of the financial sector in China’ [5].
Det skal bemærkes, at de fire store statsejede banker (Agricultural Bank, Bank of China, Construction Bank og Industrial and Commercial Bank) tilsyneladende udgør over halvdelen af den kinesiske banksektor.
It is pertinent to note that the four big state-owned banks (Agricultural Bank, Bank of China, Construction Bank and Industrial and Commercial Bank) appear to represent more than half of the Chinese banking sector.
Politisk styrede banker og andre statsejede banker er mere end 50 % statsejede.
Policy banks and other state-owned banks are more than 50 % state-owned.
Kommissionen søgte desuden oplysninger om strukturen i den statslige kontrol af disse kinesiske banker og varetagelsen af statslige politikker eller interesser vedrørende papirindustrien (dvs. bestyrelsen, aktionærbestyrelsen, referater fra aktionær/bestyrelsesmøder, aktionærernes/bestyrelsesmedlemmernes nationalitet, udlånspolitik og risikovurdering i forbindelse med lån til de samarbejdsvillige eksporterende producenter).
The Commission also requested information concerning the structure of government control in those Chinese banks and the pursuit of government policies or interests with respect to the Papermaking industry (i.e. board of directors and board of shareholders, minutes of shareholders/directors meetings, nationality of shareholders/directors, lending policies and assessment of risk with respect to loans provided to the cooperating exporting producers).
Hverken GOC eller bankerne fremlagde dog disse oplysninger.
Nevertheless, neither the GOC nor the banks provided such information.
De henviste blot gentagne gange til oplysningerne i bankernes årsrapporter, som de havde fremlagt.
They only repeatedly referred to information in the Annual reports of the banks they had submitted.
Oplysningerne i bankernes årsrapporter indeholdt ikke (og kan ikke indeholde) de ønskede detaljerede oplysninger.
However, the information in the Annual reports of banks did not (and cannot) contain the required level of detailed information.