natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
For at omfatte hele EU-produktionen blev der foretaget visse ekstrapoleringer for den resterende produktion som supplement til de tilgængelige data fra forskellige kilder, navnlig data fra klagen og data indhentet før indledningen af undersøgelsen.
In order to cover the entire Union production certain extrapolations have been made for the remaining production in addition to data available from various sources, most notably data from the complaint and data collected at the pre-initiation stage.
Alle disse faktorer blev krydstjekket, hvor det var muligt, med generelle oplysninger fra de relevante statistikker.
All these factors were cross-checked whenever possible with overall information provided in relevant statistics.
Analysen af de mikroøkonomiske elementer (lagerbeholdninger, salgspriser, rentabilitet, likviditet, investeringsafkast, evne til at rejse kapital og investeringer samt produktionsomkostninger) blev gennemført for de enkelte virksomheder, dvs. de EU-producenter, der indgik i stikprøven.
The analysis of micro-economic elements (stocks, sales prices, profitability, cash flow, return on investment, ability to raise capital and investments, production costs) was carried out for individual companies, i.e. at the level of those Union producers that were included in the sample.
Makroøkonomiske indikatorer
Macro-economic indicators
Nedenstående tabel viser udviklingen i produktion, produktionskapacitet og kapacitetsudnyttelse for hele EU-produktionen:
The table below indicates the evolution of production, production capacity and capacity utilisation on the basis of the total Union production:
Indeks (2006 = 100)
Indices 2006 = 100
Produktionen var, jf. tabellen ovenfor, forholdsvis stabil og lå på ca. 49,5 mio. enheder i 2006 og 2007, og faldt derefter til 45,2 mio. enheder i 2008 og 37,6 mio. enheder i UP, et fald på 24 % i løbet af den betragtede periode.
As shown in the table above, production remained relatively stable at around 49,5 million units in 2006 and 2007, and then dropped to 45,2 million units in 2008 and 37,6 million units in the IP, a decrease of 24 % over the period considered.
Kapacitetsudnyttelsesgraden faldt med 19,4 procentpoint i den samme periode.
The capacity utilisation rate dropped 19,4 percentage points over the same period.
Nedgangen i kapacitetsudnyttelsen i en situation med et fald i kapaciteten kan kun tilskrives den markante nedgang i produktionen.
The main cause of the decrease in capacity utilisation, in the presence of a decrease in capacity, can only be attributed to the significant decrease in production.
Salgsmængder og markedsandel
Sales volumes and market share
Tallene nedenfor angiver salgsmængde, markedsandel og gennemsnitlige salgspriser pr. enhed for alle EU-producenter.
The figures below present the sales volume, market share and average unit sales prices on the basis of all Union producers.
Salgsmængde for hele EU-erhvervsgrenen i 1000 enheder
Sales volume entire Union industry in 000 units
I samme periode blev markedsandelen for den kinesiske import forøget med over 6 procentpoint.
At the same time Chinese imports gained around 6 percentage points of market share.
Produktivitet (enheder/ansat)
Productivity (unit/employee)
Årslønninger (EUR)
Yearly wages (EUR)
Beskæftigelsen steg fra 14204 ansatte ultimo 2006 til 14418 ansatte ultimo 2007, faldt til 14309 ansatte ultimo 2008, og yderligere til 12981 ved udgangen af UP.
Employment increased from 14204 employees at the end of 2006 to 14818 employees at the end of 2007, decreased to 14309 employees at the end of 2008 and further dropped to 12981 employees at the end of the IP.
Navnlig mellem 2008 og UP var der tab på 1328 arbejdspladser svarende til mere end hver tiende i arbejdsstyrken over seks måneder.
Notably between 2008 and the IP, there is a loss of 1328 jobs corresponding to more than one tenth of the workforce in six months.
Sideløbende udviklede produktiviteten sig fra 3500 enheder pr. ansat i 2006 til 3341 enheder pr. ansat i 2007, 3164 enheder pr. ansat i 2008 og 2903 enheder pr. ansat i UP.
In parallel, productivity developed from 3500 units per employee in 2006 to 3341 units per employee in 2007, 3164 units per employee in 2008 and 2903 units per employee in the IP.
Den faldende produktivitet især mellem 2008 og UP kan forklares ved, at indskrænkningen af arbejdsstyrken ikke skete i samme takt som faldet i produktionen.
The drop of productivity in particular between 2008 and the IP can be explained with the fact that the resizing of the workforce did not go at the same pace as the drop in production.
Dette kan forklares ved erhvervsgrenens begrænsede muligheder for omstillinger eller nedlukning af maskineri og høje omkostninger til personale i tilfælde af afskedigelser.
This is explained by the limited possibility for this industry for reconversion or temporary shutting down of machinery and heavy costs related to personnel contributions in case of lay offs.
Undersøgelsen viste, at beskæftigelsen navnlig faldt i perioden mellem 2008 og UP.
The investigation showed that in particular between 2008 and the IP, the employment numbers declined.
Lønomkostningerne faldt i den pågældende periode.
The cost of wages decreased in the period considered.
De investeringer, EU-erhvervsgrenen har foretaget i UP, forventes at øge erhvervsgrenens effektivitet og produktivitet yderligere på mellemlang og lang sigt.
The investments made by the Union industry during the IP are expected to further increase its efficiency and productivity in the mid and long term.
De fastslåede margener ligger væsentligt over bagatelgrænsen.
All margins established are significantly above the de minimis level.
Kontraktbetingelser
Contract landscape
Hovedparten af de EU-producerede aluminiumshjul sælges, jf. betragtning 20 ff., gennem udbudsprocedurer, som organiseres i gennemsnit to år før lanceringen af en ny bilmodel.
As indicated in recital (20) et seq the majority of Union-produced ARWs are sold through tender procedures organized on average two years before the launch of a new car model.
Kommissionen undersøgte derfor også kontrakter, der blev indgået i den betragtede periode (som skulle udføres efter UP) for at fastslå, om der kunne drages konklusioner om den mulige udvikling i EU-erhvervsgrenens salg efter UP.
The Commission therefore also investigated contracts concluded in the period considered (which would be executed after the IP) in order to establish whether any conclusions can be drawn on the likely development of deliveries on the part of the Union industry post IP.
Der kunne dog ikke drages velfunderede konklusioner ud fra disse data på dette tidspunkt, og oplysningerne vil derfor blive behandlet yderligere.
The data collected does however not allow for well-founded conclusions at this stage and will be hence further investigated.
3 ud af de seks producenter i stikprøven er store grupper med produktionsanlæg i flere medlemsstater, mens de tre andre har mindre strukturer, som er koncentreret i en eller to medlemsstater.
3 of the 6 sampled producers are large groups with production facilities in several Member States while the three others have lighter structures concentrated in one or two Member States.
I løbet af den betragtede periode lukkede producenter i stikprøven 3 produktionsanlæg, det første i 2006, det andet i 2008 kort før UP og det sidste kort før udgangen af UP.
During the period under investigation, 3 production sites of the sampled producers were closed down, the first one in 2006, the second in 2008 slightly before the IP and the last one towards the end of the IP.
Nedenstående tal viser lagerbeholdningerne hos EU-producenterne i stikprøven ved udgangen af hver periode.
The figures below represent the volume of stocks of the sampled Union producers at the end of each period:
Lagerbeholdninger (i 1000 enheder)
Stocks (in 000 units)
Lagerbeholdningerne lå under 12 % af produktionen.
Stocks remained below 12 % of the production.
Det erindres, at denne indikator ikke er særlig relevant, da EU-erhvervsgrenens produktion af aluminiumshjul i vidt omfang sker efter ordre; lagerbeholdninger på et bestemt tidspunkt er derfor især et resultat af varer, der er solgt men endnu ikke leveret.
It is recalled that this indicator is not very relevant as production of ARWs takes place by the Union industry to a very large extent to order; stock at a determined point in time is mostly the result of goods sold but not yet delivered.
Enhedssalgspriserne hos EU-producenterne i stikprøven var stabile i 2006 og 2007 på ca. 49 euro pr. enhed, men faldt til 48 euro pr. enhed i 2008 og til 46,5 euro pr. enhed i UP.
Unit selling prices of EU sampled producers were stable in 2006 and 2007 at around 49 Euros per unit but decreased to 48 Euros per unit in 2008 and 46,5 Euros per unit in the IP.
Dette svarer til et fald på over 6 % i løbet af den betragtede periode og viser samtidig et markant fald i UP (jf. tabellen i betragtning 89).
This corresponds to a decrease of over 6 % over the period considered, and also shows a very substantial drop in the IP (see table at recital (89)).
Rentabilitet, likviditet, investeringsafkast, evnen til at tilvejebringe kapital og investeringer
Profitability, cash flow, return on investment, ability to raise capital and investments
Stikprøvevirksomhedernes rentabilitet for den samme vare blev beregnet som nettooverskuddet før skat ved salg af samme vare og udtrykt i procent af omsætningen i forbindelse med dette salg.
Profitability for the like product was established by expressing the pre-tax net profit of the sales of the like product, by the sampled companies, as the percentage of the turnover of such sales.
Mens rentabiliteten for 2006 og 2007 stadig lå over breakeven, ændredes situationen drastisk i 2008 og UP som følge af en kombination af faldende salg, faldende salgspriser og en uelastisk omkostningsstruktur i erhvervsgrenen med høje faste omkostninger.
Whilst the profitability for 2006 and 2007 was still over break-even, the situation drastically changed in 2008 and the IP due to a combination of decreasing sales volumes and a reduction in sales prices, with an inelastic cost structure of the industry with high fixed costs.
I følgende tabel vises investeringerne i den pågældende vare hos EU-producenterne i stikprøven.
The trend for the investments in the product concerned of the sampled Union producers is shown in the following table.
Euro (i 1000 EUR)
Investments (in 000 Euros)
Det fremgår af tabellen, at EU-erhvervsgrenen øgede sine investeringer i den pågældende vare, selv da den havde faldende rentabilitet.
The table demonstrates that the Union industry has increased its investments in the product concerned, even when facing decreasing profitability.
Disse investeringer vedrørte især maskineri med henblik på at forbedre effektiviteten.
The investments were mainly made for machinery in order to improve efficiency.
De stigende investeringer viser, at erhvervsgrenen stadig var i stand til at rejse kapital.
These increasing investments show that the industry still had the ability to raise capital.
Til trods for disse bestræbelser kollapsede investeringsafkastet på den pågældende vare i den betragtede periode og var på – 40 % i UP.
However, despite these efforts, the return on investments (ROI) of the product concerned collapsed during the period considered, reaching – 40 % in the IP.
Dette bekræfter udhulingen af erhvervsgrenens rentabilitet og dens manglende evne til at skabe fortjeneste af sine investeringer.
This confirms the erosion of profitability of the industry and its inability to generate profit from investments.
Investeringsafkast
Return on Investments (RoI)
Likviditet i procent af omsætning
Cash Flow (as percentage of turnover)
Producenterne i stikprøven oplevede desuden et fald i den driftsmæssige likviditet på 8,1 procentpoint i løbet af den betragtede periode, hvilket i vidt omfang afspejler faldet i rentabiliteten.
The sampled producers experienced also a drop in operational cash flow of 8.1 percentage points over the period considered which reflects to a large extent the decrease in profitability.
Denne indikators kollaps kan ikke henføres til de stigende investeringer, men må tilskrives den kendsgerning, at den operationelle virksomhed tjener færre penge ind.
The collapse of such indicator cannot be attributed to the increase in investments but has to be derived from the operational business generating less cash.
Da erhvervsgrenen forudsætter, at der konstant tilføres penge til anlægsaktiver, viser den faldende likviditet en stigende svaghed i EU-erhvervsgrenen og dens manglende evne til selvfinansiering.
In fact, as the industry structurally requires constant injections of cash for fixed assets, the drop in cash flow reveals the increasing weakness of the Union industry and its inability to rely on self-financing.
Produktionsomkostninger og omkostninger til råmaterialer
Production costs and cost of raw materials
Tabellen nedenfor viser de gennemsnitlige omkostninger pr. ton af den pågældende vare hos producenterne i stikprøven
The table below develops the average cost per tonne of product concerned for the sampled producers.
I EUR
In Euros
Gennemsnitlige produktionsom-kostninger (pr. enhed)
Average cost of production (per unit)
De gennemsnitlige omkostninger var stabile i den betragtede periode og lå på ca. 50 euro pr. enhed i gennemsnit.
The average cost remained constant over the period considered at a level of around 50 Euros per unit on average.
Ud fra ovenstående konkluderes det foreløbigt, at EU-erhvervsgrenen forvoldtes væsentlig skade.
On these grounds, it is provisionally concluded that Union industry suffered material injury.
Denne konklusion styrkes af det antal virksomheder eller produktionsanlæg, der ellers ville have lukket (fem i OEM-segmentet) eller være gået konkurs (21 i AM-segmentet og fire i OEM-segmentet) i løbet af den betragtede periode.
This conclusion is indeed reinforced by the number of companies or production sites that would have closed (5 in the OEM segment) or that would have gone under insolvency procedures (21 in the AM and 4 in the OEM segment) over the period considered.
I overensstemmelse med grundforordningens artikel 3, stk. 6 og 7, blev det undersøgt, om den betydelige skade, som EU-industrien havde lidt, skyldtes dumpingimporten fra de pågældende lande.
In accordance with Article 3(6) and (7) of the basic Regulation it was examined whether the material injury suffered by the Union industry has been caused by the dumped imports from the countries concerned.
Andre kendte faktorer end dumpingimporten, som kan have forvoldt EU-erhvervsgrenen skade, blev også undersøgt for at sikre, at den skade, der kan tilskrives disse faktorer, ikke blev tillagt dumpingimporten.
Furthermore, known factors other than dumped imports, which might have injured the Union industry, were examined to ensure that any injury caused by those factors was not attributed to dumped imports.
Der er et tydeligt tidsmæssigt sammenfald mellem stigningen i dumpingimporten, hvis markedsandel steg med 6 procentpoint mellem 2006 og UP, og et lignende tab af markedsandel på 6 procentpoint i EU-erhvervsgrenen i den samme periode.
There is a clear coincidence in time between the increase of dumped imports which gained 6 percentage points of market share between 2006 and the IP, and a parallel loss of market share of 6 percentage points suffered by the Union producers over the same period.
Undersøgelsen har desuden påvist, at dumpingimporten havde en negativ indvirkning på priserne, da den konstant underbød EU-producenternes priser.
The investigation has also established the existence of negative price effects of dumped imports which continuously undercut prices of Union producers.
En part påstod, at markedsandelen for importen fra Kina var for lille til at forvolde skade.
One party claimed that the market share of Chinese imports is too small to cause material injury.
En samlet markedsandel på 12 % på et prisfølsomt marked (og især i OEM-segmentet) kan imidlertid ikke betragtes som lille.
However, an overall market share of 12 % in a price sensitive market (and especially so on the OEM segment) cannot be considered small.
Det skal desuden bemærkes, at importen fra Kina som nævnt voksede med omkring 65 %, og at landets beregnede markedsandel næsten fordobledes i den pågældende periode.
It is further recalled that import volumes from the PRC increased by around 65 % and their estimated market share almost doubled during the period considered.
Som det fremgik af betragtning 86 ff. faldt importpriserne på varer fra Kina endvidere med 8 % (jf. betragtning 89 ff.), og et betydeligt prisunderbud fandt sted (jf. betragtning 93 ff.).
In addition, as has been explained at recital (86) et seq, import prices from the PRC fell by 8 % (see recital (89) et seq) and substantial price undercutting was taking place (see recital (93) et seq).
De vigtigste faktorer, der skal tages i betragtning i denne sag, er nemlig den voldsomme stigning i importen og det markante prisunderbud.
Indeed, it is the steep increase of imports and the substantial price undercutting found that are the chief factors to be considered in this case.
EU-erhvervsgrenen reagerede på den skadevoldende dumping ved at sænke sine priser fra 2007.
The Union industry reacted to the injurious dumping by reducing its prices since 2007.
Importen fra Kina udøvede dog et pristryk, der bevirkede, at EU-erhvervsgrenen ikke var i stand til at bibeholde sin markedsandel selv med lavere priser.
However, due to the price pressure exerted by the Chinese imports, the Union industry was not in a position to keep its market share even at reduced prices.
I udbudsprocedurerne i OEM-segmentet er det konstateret, at de lave kinesiske tilbud har spillet en afgørende rolle i forbindelse med reduktionen af de priser, som EU-erhvervsgrenen har tilbudt.
In the tendering processes on the OEM segment, it has been found that the low-priced Chinese offers have played a key role in the reduction of the prices offered by the Union industry.
Til trods for EU-erhvervsgrenens prisnedsættelser var den gennemsnitlige salgspris for varer importeret fra Kina stadig lavere end EU-erhvervsgrenens priser.
However, despite price reductions on the part of the Union industry, the average sales price of the Chinese imports remained lower than the Union industry's prices.
Som et resultat heraf faldt EU-erhvervsgrenens salg markant i løbet af den betragtede periode.
As a result, sales by the Union industry fell significantly in the period considered.
Da de kinesiske priser i UP var faldet yderligere i forhold til 2006, blev EU-erhvervsgrenen igen nødt til at sænke sine priser for at forblive på markedet.
Given that Chinese prices in the IP had dropped further in comparison to 2006, the Union industry had again to decrease its prices in order to remain in business.
Rentabiliteten faldt til under breakeven-punktet, hvilket vil gøre det vanskeligt for EU-erhvervsgrenen at fortsætte driften i længere tid.
Its profitability dropped below the break even point — which will not allow it to continue its operations over time.
Det er derfor klart, at der er en nøje sammenhæng imellem de væsentligt forøgede importmængder til stadig lavere priser og den skade, EU-erhvervsgrenen har lidt.
It is therefore evident that there is a strong link between the significant increase in import volumes at ever lower prices and the injury observed with the Union industry.
Det kan således konkluderes i denne fase, at der er en årsagssammenhæng mellem den kinesiske lavprisimport og den væsentlige skade, EU-erhvervsgrenen har lidt.
It can therefore be concluded, at this stage, that there is a causal link between Chinese low-priced imports and the material injury suffered by the Union industry.
Segmentbestemt opdeling af den pågældende vare
Segmental split within the product concerned
Det er blevet påstået, at OEM og AM er to særskilte salgskanaler uden videre samspil mellem de to segmenter.
It has been argued that OEM and AM are two separate sales channels, without any significant interaction between them.
På denne baggrund er det navnlig blevet påstået, at den skade, som er påført EU-erhvervsgrenen, der hovedsagelig sælger sine varer i OEM-segmentet (85 % for producenterne i stikprøven), ikke kunne have været forårsaget af importen fra Kina, som hovedsagelig er koncentreret om AM-segmentet og kun i begrænset omfang er til stede inden for OEM-segmentet.
On this basis, it has notably been claimed that the injury of the Union industry, which channels most of its sales to the OEM segment (85 % for sampled producers), could not have been caused by Chinese imports which concentrate predominantly on the AM segment and have limited OEM presence.
Distributionskanalerne er i henhold til Kommissionens konklusioner ganske rigtigt opdelte, men der er dog et vist samspil, selv om det ikke er direkte.
Although the distribution channels are indeed separate, according to the Commission's findings, some interaction, although not direct, may nevertheless be taking place.
De to segmenter behandles separat for at få det mest nøjagtige billede af den foreliggende situation.
However, in order to have the most complete picture possible of the situation at hand, the two segments have also been considered separately.
I AM-segmentet kan den konstaterede stade med sikkerhed tilskrives de store mængder af lavprisimport fra Kina, som udgør indtil 34 % i dette segment.
On the AM segment, the injury found can certainly be attributed to the high volumes of low-priced Chinese imports which account for up to 34 % on this segment.
I OEM-segmentet, som udgør den største del af EU-forbruget (35 mio. enhed ud af ca. 50 mio. enheder) er importmængderne fra Kina meget mindre (højst 6 %).
In the OEM segment, which constitutes the major part of the EU consumption (35 million units out of around 50), the Chinese presence in terms of volumes is much smaller (with a maximum of 6 %).
Det skal dog erindres, at den skade, der er forvoldt i OEM-segmentet, er affødt af de lave kinesiske priser og altså er prisrelateret.
However, as already explained it has to be borne in mind that the injury suffered in relation to OEM sales is triggered by the low Chinese prices and is indeed price-related.
Der er mere specifikt tegn på, at bilfabrikanterne anvender de kinesiske tilbud som benchmark for at tvinge priserne hos EU-producenterne af aluminiumshjul ned i forbindelse med udbudsprocedurerne.
More specifically, there are indications that the car makers use the Chinese offers as a benchmark with the effect of forcing down the prices of the EU ARWs producers in the tendering processes.
EU-producenterne havde ikke andet valg end at sænke deres priser, hvis de ønskede at forblive på markedet.
In order to remain present on the market, the Union producers indeed have no choice but to give in and reduce their prices.
Det kan desuden ikke udelukkes, at de faldende pristendenser i AM-segmentet har indvirket på OEM-priserne.
Further, it cannot be excluded that downward price trends on the AM segment have an effect on the OEM prices.
En sammenligning af de gennemsnitlige AM- og OEM-priser viste nemlig, at OEM-priserne i gennemsnit var højere end AM-priserne indtil 2007, men situationen ændredes i 2008 og UP.
Indeed, a comparison of average AM and OEM prices showed that while the latter were on average higher than the former until 2007, this has changed in 2008 and the IP.
Dette viser, at pristrykket i OEM-segmentet har været langt mere udtalt i de senere år.
This shows that the price pressure on the OEM segment has been much more pronounced over the last years.
Det konkluderes derfor foreløbigt, at importen fra Kina har forvoldt EU-erhvervsgrenen skade både i AM- og OEM-segmentet.
Therefore, it is provisionally considered that Chinese imports have caused injury to the Union industry both on the AM and the OEM segments.
Disse aspekter vil under alle omstændigheder blive undersøgt yderligere.
This will in any event be further investigated.
Virkningen af import med oprindelse i andre tredjelande end Kina
Impact of imports from third countries other than the PRC
Virkningen af importen fra Tyrkiet
Impact of imports from Turkey
Tyrkiet er, jf. betragtning 99 ff., den næststørste importør efter Kina.
As shown in recital (99) et seq, Turkey is the second largest importer after China.