natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Hvis testkemikaliets koncentrationer forventes at ligge inden for ± 20 % af de nominelle værdier (dvs. inden for området fra 80 til 120 % — se 1.6.2 og 1.6.3), anbefales det som et minimum, at den højeste og den laveste testkoncentration analyseres ved testens begyndelse og hver uge derefter.
Where the test substance concentrations are expected to be within ± 20 % of the nominal values (i.e. within the range 80-120 %; see Sections 1.6.2 and 1.6.3), it is recommended that, as a minimum, the highest and lowest test concentrations be analysed at the start of the test and at weekly intervals thereafter.
Ved test, hvor testkemikaliets koncentration ikke forventes at holde sig inden for ± 20 % af de nominelle værdier (baseret på oplysninger om testkemikaliets stabilitet), vil det være nødvendigt at analysere samtlige testkoncentrationer, men efter samme retningslinjer.
For the test where the concentration of the test substance is not expected to remain within ± 20 % of nominal (on the basis of stability data of the test substance), it is necessary to analyse all test concentrations, but following the same regime.
Ved semistatiske (udskiftnings-) test, hvor testkemikaliets koncentration forventes at holde sig inden for ± 20 % af de nominelle værdier, anbefales det som et minimum, at den højeste og den laveste testkoncentration analyseres, når de lige er fremstillet og umiddelbart inden udskiftning, ved undersøgelsens begyndelse og hver uge derefter.
In semi-static (renewal) tests where the concentration of the test substance is expected to remain within ± 20 % of the nominal values, it is recommended that, as a minimum, the highest and lowest test concentrations be analysed when freshly prepared and immediately prior to renewal at the start of the study and weekly thereafter.
Ved test, hvor testkemikaliets koncentration ikke forventes at holde sig inden for ± 20 % af de nominelle værdier, skal samtlige testkoncentrationer analyseres efter samme retningslinjer som for mere stabile kemikalier.
For tests where the concentration of the test substance is not expected to remain within ± 20 % of nominal, all test concentrations must be analysed following the same regime as for more stable substances.
Hvis det imidlertid kan påvises, at testkemikaliets koncentration i tilstrækkelig grad har holdt sig inden for ± 20 % af de nominelle værdier eller den målte startkoncentration gennem hele testen, kan resultaterne baseres på de nominelle eller de målte værdier.
However, if evidence is available to demonstrate that the concentration of the test substance in solution has been satisfactorily maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal or measured initial concentration throughout the test, then the results can be based on nominal or measured values.
Det anbefales at centrifugere prøverne; men hvis testmaterialet ikke adsorberer på filteret, kan også filtrering accepteres.
However, if the test material does not adsorb to filters, filtration may also be acceptable.
1 løbet af testen skal opløst ilt, pH og temperatur måles i alle testbeholderne.
During the test, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature should be measured in all test vessels.
Samlet hårdhedsgrad, alkalinitet og saltindhold (hvis dette er aktuelt) skal måles i kontrolbeholderne og i én beholder med den højeste koncentration.
Total hardness, alkalinity and salinity (if relevant) should be measured in the controls and one vessel at the highest concentration.
Som et minimum skal opløst ilt og saltindhold (hvis relevant) måles tre gange (i begyndelsen, midt i og ved afslutningen af testen).
As a minimum, dissolved oxygen and salinity (if relevant) should be measured three times (at the beginning, middle and end of the test).
Ved semistatiske test anbefales, at opløst ilt måles hyppigere, fortrinsvis før og efter hver vandudskiftning og mindst én gang om ugen. pH skal måles ved begyndelsen og afslutningen af hver vandudskiftning ved statiske udskiftningstest og mindst én gang ugentligt ved gennemstrømningstest.
In semi-static tests, it is recommended that dissolved oxygen be measured more frequently, preferably before and after each water renewal or at least once a week. pH should be measured at the beginning and end of each water renewal in static renewal test and at least weekly in flow-through tests.
Hårdhedsgrad og alkalinitet skal måles én gang i hver test.
Hardness and alkalinity should be measured once each test.
Temperaturen skal fortrinsvis overvåges kontinuerligt i mindst én testbeholder.
Temperature should preferably be monitored continuously in at least one test vessel.
Vægt: Ved testens afslutning skal samtlige overlevende fisk vejes som vådvægt (duppes tørre), enten gruppevis pr. testbeholder eller enkeltvis.
Weight: at the end of the test all surviving fish must be weighed as wet weights (blotted dry) either in groups by test vessel or individually.
Vejning af fisk pr. testbeholder foretrækkes frem for individuel vejning, som kræver, at hver enkelt fisk skal mærkes.
Weighing of animals by test vessel is preferred to individual weights which require that fish be individually marked.
Hvis fiskene skal vejes enkeltvis med henblik på bestemmelse af enkeltfisk-specifik tilvækst, skal man vælge en mærkningsmåde, som undgår at stresse fiskene (der er egnede alternativer til frysemærkning, f.eks. anvendelse af tynd farvet fiskesnøre).
In the case of the measurement of individual weights for determination of individual fish specific growth rate, the marking technique selected should avoid stressing the animals (alternatives to freeze marking may be appropriate, e.g. the use of coloured fine fishing line).
Fiskene skal i løbet af testperioden undersøges dagligt for eventuelle ydre abnormiteter (såsom blødninger eller misfarvning), og unormal adfærd registreres.
The fish should be examined daily during the test period and any external abnormalities (such as hemorrhage, discoloration) and abnormal behaviour noted.
Eventuelle mortaliteter skal registreres, og døde fisk skal fjernes hurtigst muligt.
Any mortalities should be recorded and the dead fish removed as soon as possible.
Døde fisk erstattes ikke. idet belastningsgraden og bestandtætheden er tilstrækkelige til. at indvirkninger på væksten som følge af ændringer i fiskeantallet pr. beholder undgås.
Dead fish are not replaced, the loading rate and stocking density being sufficient to avoid effects on growth through changes in number of fish per tank.
Fodermængden skal imidlertid justeres.
However, the feeding rate will need to be adjusted.
Det anbefales, at en statistiker inddrages i både design og analyse af testen, eftersom denne testmetode tillader betydelige variationer i forsøgets design, som f.eks. antal testbeholdere, antal testkoncentrationer, antal fisk osv. I betragtning af valgmulighederne med hensyn til testens design vil der ikke blive givet nogen vejledning i statistiske procedurer her.
It is recommended that a statistician be involved in both the design and analysis of the test since this test method allows for considerable variation in experimental design as for example, in the number of test chambers, number of test concentrations, number of fish, etc. In view of the options available in test design, specific guidance on statistical procedure is not given here.
Tilvæksten bør ikke beregnes for testbeholdere, hvor mortaliteten overstiger 10 %.
Growth rates should not be calculated for test vessels where the mortality exceeds 10 %.
Mortalitetsprocenten skal imidlertid anføres for samtlige testkoncentrationers vedkommende.
However, mortality rate should be indicated for all test concentrations.
Uanset hvilken metode, der anvendes til dataanalysen, er det centrale koncept den specifikke tilvækst r mellem tidspunktet t1 og tidspunktet t2.
Whichever method is used to analyse the data, the central concept is the specific growth rate r between time t1 and time t2.
Denne kan defineres på flere måder afhængigt af, hvorvidt fiskene er mærket individuelt, eller hvorvidt der ønskes et beholdergennemsnit.
This can be defined in several ways depending on whether fish are individually marked or not or whether a tank average is required.
enkeltfisk-specifik tilvækst
individual fish specific growth rate
beholdergennemsnitsspecifik tilvækst
tank-average specific growth rate
»pseudo«-specifik tilvækst
‘pseudo’ specific growth rate
en bestemt fisks vægt på henholdsvis tidspunkt t1 og t2
weights of a particular fish at times t1 and t2, respectively
logaritmen til en enkelt fisks vægt ved testperiodens begyndelse
logarithm of the weight of an individual fish at the start of the study period
logaritmen til en enkelt fisks vægt ved testperiodens afslutning
logarithm of the weight of an individual fish at the end of the study period
gennemsnit af logaritmerne til værdierne w1 for fiskene i beholderen ved testperiodens begyndelse
average of the logarithms of the values w1 for the fish in the tank at the start of the study period
gennemsnit af logaritmerne til værdierne w2 for fiskene i beholderen ved testperiodens afslutning
average of the logarithms of the values w2 for the fish in the tank at the end of the study period
tidspunktet (dag) for testperiodens begyndelse og afslutning
time (days) at start and end of study period
r1, r2, r3 kan udregnes for tidsrummet mellem 0 og 28 dage og, hvor det er aktuelt (dvs. når der er foretaget måling på dag 14), for tidsrummene mellem 0 og 14 samt mellem 14 og 28 dage.
r1, r2, r3 can be calculated for the 0-28 days period and, where appropriate (i.e. when measurement at day 14 has been done) for the 0-14 and 14-28 days periods.
Resultatanalyse ved regression (koncentrationsrespons-model)
Analysis of results by regression (concentration-response modelling)
Denne analysemetode fører frem til en passende matematisk sammenhæng mellem den specifikke tilvækst og koncentrationen og gør det således mulig: at beregne »ECx«, dvs. en hvilken som helst ønsket EC-værdi.
This method of analysis fits a suitable mathematical relationship between the specific growth rate and concentration, and hence enables the estimation of the ‘ECx’ i.e. any required EC value.
Ved anvendelse af denne metode er udregningen af r for enkeltfisk (r1) ikke nødvendig, og analysen kan i stedet baseres på r-beholdergennemsnitsværdien (r2).
Using this method the calculation of r for individual fish (r1) is not necessary and instead, the analysis can be based on the tank-average value of r (r2).
Sidstnævnte metode foretrækkes.
This last method is preferred.
Den er også mest hensigtsmæssig, hvor den mindste fiskeart bruges.
It is also more appropriate in case of the use of smallest species.
Den beholdergennemsnitsspecifikke tilvækst (r2) bør plottes grafisk som funktion af koncentrationen, for at forholdet mellem koncentration og respons kan undersøges.
The tank-average specific growth rates (r2) should be plotted graphically against concentration, in order to inspect the concentration response relationship.
Når forholdet mellem r2 og koncentration skal vises, bør man vælge en passende model, og valget skal begrundes på hensigtsmæssig vis.
For expressing the relationship between r2 and concentration, an appropriate model should be chosen and its choice must be supported by appropriate reasoning.
Hvis der ikke er lige mange overlevende fisk i de enkelte beholdere, bør modeltilpasningsmetoden vægtes, hvad enten denne er simpel eller nonlineær, for at tage højde for grupper af uens størrelse.
If the numbers of fish surviving in each tank are unequal, then the process of model fitting, whether simple or non-linear, should be weighted to allow for unequal sizes of groups.
Modeltilpasningsmetoden skal give mulighed for, at en beregning af f.eks. EC20 og dennes fordeling (enten standardfejl eller konfidensinterval) kan udledes.
The method of fitting the model must enable an estimate of, for example, the EC20 and of its dispersion (either standard error or confidence interval) to be derived.
Grafen for den tilpassede model bør vises i forhold til dataene, så modeltilpasningens tilstrækkelighed tydeligt fremgår (8)(18)(19)(20).
The graph of the fitted model should be shown in relation to the data so that the adequacy of the fit of the model can be seen (8)(18)(19)(20).
Analyse af resultaterne for beregningen af LOEC
Analysis of results for the estimation of the LOEC
Hvis testen har omfattet replikation af samtlige beholdere ved samtlige koncentrationsniveauer, vil beregningen af LOEC kunne baseres på en variansanalyse (ANOVA) af den beholdergennemsnitsspecifikke tilvækst (se 2.1), efterfulgt af en egnet metode (f.eks. Dunnetts eller Williams' test (12)(13)(14)21)) til sammenligning af det gennemsnitlige r for hver enkelt koncentration med det gennemsnitlige r for kontrolgrupperne, for at identificere den laveste koncentration, ved hvilken denne forskel er signifikant på et sandsynlighedsniveau på 0,05.
If the test has included replication of tanks at all concentration levels, the estimation of the LOEC could be based on an analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the tank-average specific growth rate (see Section 2.1), followed by a suitable method (e.g. Dunnett's or Williams' test (12)(13)(14)(21)) of comparing the average r for each concentration with the average r for the controls to identify the lowest concentration for which this difference is significant at a 0,05 probability level.
Hvis de nødvendige forudsætninger for parametriske metoder ikke er opfyldt — ikke-normal fordeling (f.eks. Shapiro-Wilks test) eller heterogen varians (Bartletts test) — bør man overveje at transformere dataene for at homogenisere varianserne, inden ANOVA foretages, eller at foretage en vægtet ANOVA.
If the required assumptions for parametric methods are not met — non-normal distribution (e.g. Shapiro-Wilk's test) or heterogeneous variance (Bartlett's test), consideration should be given to transforming the data to homogenise variances prior to performing the ANOVA, or to carrying out a weighted ANOVA.
Det gennemsnitlige r3 for hver enkelt testkoncentration kan så sammenlignes med det gennemsnitlige r3 for kontrolgrupperne.
The average r3 for each test concentration may then be compared with the average r3 for the controls.
Derpå kan LOEC identificeres som tidligere beskrevet.
The LOEC can then be identified as before.
Man må forstå, at denne metode hverken tager hensyn til eller yder beskyttelse mod variabilitet mellem beholdere, ud over hvad der kan tilskrives variabiliteten mellem enkeltfisk.
It must be recognised that this method provides no allowance for, nor protection against, variability between tanks, beyond that which is accounted for by the variability between individual fish.
Erfaringerne har imidlertid vist (8), at variabilitet mellem beholdere har været meget lille sammenlignet med variabiliteten inden for de enkelte beholdere (dvs. mellem fisk).
However, experience has shown (8) that between-tank variability was very small compared with within-tank (i.e. between fish) variability.
Hvis analysen ikke omfatter enkeltfisk, skal det med begrundelse anføres, hvilken metode der er benyttet til identifikation af ekstreme værdier.
If individual fish are not included in the analysis, the method of outlier identification and justification for its use must be provided.
Resultaterne skal tolkes med forsigtighed, hvor den målte koncentration af giftstof i testopløsningeme ligger nær analysemetodens detektionsgrænse, eller ved semistatiske test, hvor testkemikaliets koncentration i den nyligt fremstillede opløsning falder inden udskiftningen.
The results should be interpreted with caution where measured toxicant concentrations in test solutions occur at levels near the detection limit of the analytical method or, in semi static tests, when the concentration of the test substance decreases between freshly prepared solution and before renewal.
dets fysiske natur og relevante fysisk-kemiske egenskaber
physical nature and relevant physical-chemical properties;
kemiske identifikationsdata, herunder renhedsgrad og eventuelt analysemetode til kvantitativ bestemmelse af testkemikaliet.
chemical identification data including purity and analytical method for quantification of the test substance where appropriate.
videnskabeligt navn, og eventuelt
scientific name, possibly
stamme, størrelse, leverandør, evt. forudgående behandling osv.
strain, size, supplier, any pre-treatment, etc.
anvendt testprocedure (f.eks. semistatisk/udskiftning. gennemstrømning, belastning, bestandtæthed osv.)
test procedure used (e.g. semi-static/renewal, flow-through, loading, stocking density, etc.),
testdesign (f.eks. antal testbeholdere, testkoncentrationer og replikater, antal fisk pr. beholder)
test design (e.g. number of test vessels, test concentrations and replicates, number of fish per vessel),
fremstillingsmetode til stamopløsning og hyppighed af udskiftning (hvis der er anvendt opløsningsmiddel, skal dets koncentration anføres)
method of preparation of stock solutions and frequency of renewal (the solubilising agent and its concentration must be given, when used),
de nominelle testkoncentrationer, de målte værdiers gennemsnit og standardafvigelser i testbeholderne, metoden, hvorved de er opnået, samt dokumentation for, at målingerne refererer til testkemikaliets faktiske koncentration i opløsning
the nominal test concentrations, the means of the measured values and their standard deviations in the test vessels and the method by which these were attained and evidence that the measurements refer to the concentrations of the test substance in true solution,
fortyndingsvandets karakteristika: pH, hårdhedsgrad, alkalinitet, temperatur, koncentration af opløst ilt, restindhold af chlor (hvis målt), samlet mængde organisk kulstof, opslæmmet tørstof, testmediets saltindhold (hvis målt) og samtlige andre udførte målinger
dilution water characteristics: pH, hardness, alkalinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, residual chlorine levels (if measured), total organic carbon, suspended solids, salinity of the test medium (if measured) and any other measurements made,
vandkvaliteten i testbeholderne: pH, hårdhedsgrad, temperatur og koncentration af opløst ilt
water quality within test vessels: pH, hardness, temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration,
detaljerede oplysninger om fodring (f.eks. fodertype(r), -kilde, -mængde og fodringshyppighed).
detailed information on feeding, (e.g. type of food(s), source, amount given and frequency).
dokumentation for, at kontrolgrupperne opfylder validitetskritenet for overlevelse, samt data vedrørende mortaliteten ved de enkelte testkoncentrationer
evidence that controls met the validity criterion for survival, and data on mortalities occurring in any of the test concentrations,
anvendte statistiske analyseteknikker, statistikker baseret på replikater eller fisk, behandling af data og begrundelse for de anvendte teknikker
statistical analytical techniques used, statistics based on replicates or fish, treatment of data and justification of techniques used,
data i tabelform vedrørende fiskenes individuelle og gennemsnitlige vægt på dag 0, 14 (hvis aktuelt) og 28, værdier for beholdergennemsnits- eller pseudospecifik tilvækst (alt efter hvad der er aktuelt) i tidsrum met fra dag 0 til 28 eller eventuelt 0-14 og 14-28
tabulated data on individual and mean fish weights on days 0, 14 (if measured) and 28 values of tank-average or pseudo specific growth rates (as appropriate) for the periods 0-28 days or possibly 0-14 and 14-28,
resultater af den statistiske analyse (dvs. regressionsanalyse eller ANOVA), fortrinsvis i tabelform og grafisk form, og LOEC (p = 0,05) og NOEC eller ECx, eventuelt med standardfejl, alt efter hvad der er aktuelt
results of the statistical analysis (i.e. regression analysis or ANOVA) preferably in tabular and graphical form and the LOEC (p = 0,05) and the NOEC or ECx with, when possible, standard errors, as appropriate,
forekomst af eventuelle usædvanlige reaktioner hos fiskene samt eventuelle synlige virkninger frembragt af testkemikaliet.
incidence of any unusual reactions by the fish and any visible effects produced by the test substance.
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