natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
(CPC 87202)
Those measures (e.g. need to obtain a licence, universal service obligations, need to obtain recognition of qualifications in regulated sectors, need to pass specific examinations, including language examinations, non-discriminatory requirement that certain activities may not be carried out in environmental protected zones or areas of particular historic and artistic interest), even if not listed, apply in any case to investors of the signatory Andean Countries.
AT, BG, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HR, LV, LT, MT, PL, PT, RO, SK: Ubundet
In accordance with Article 107 paragraph 3 of this Agreement, the list below does not include measures concerning subsidies granted by the Parties.
BE, FR, IT: Statsmonopol.
In accordance with Article 112 of this Agreement non-discriminatory requirements as regards the types of legal form of an establishment are not included in the list below.
DE: Tilladelse er underlagt en økonomisk behovsprøve.
The rights and obligations arising from this list of commitments shall have no self-executing effect and thus confer no rights directly to individual natural persons or juridical persons.
Hovedkriterier: Situationen på arbejdsmarkedet og dets udvikling.
Sector or Sub-Sector
Kontorvikarvirksomhed
Description of Reservations
(CPC 87203)
ALL SECTORS
AT, BG, CY, CZ, DE, EE, FI, HR, LV, LT, MT, PL, PT, RO, SK, SI: Ubundet
Real estate
IT: Statsmonopol.
AT, BG, CY, CZ, DK, EE, ES, EL, FI, HR, HU, IE, IT, LT, LV, MT, PL, RO, SI, SK: Limitations on acquisition of land and real estate by foreign investors [2].
Modelbureauvirksomhed
Public utilities
(del af CPC 87209)
EU: Economic activities considered as public utilities at a national or local level may be subject to public monopolies or to exclusive rights granted to private operators [3].
Ingen.
Types of establishment
Detektivvirksomhed
EU: Treatment accorded to subsidiaries (of third country companies) formed in accordance with the law of a European Union Member State and having their registered office, central administration or principal place of business within the territory of the European Union is not extended to branches or agencies established in a European Union Member State by a third country company.
(CPC 87301)
BG: Establishment of branches is subject to authorisation
BE, BG, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FR, EL, HR, HU, IE, IT, LV, LT, LU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SI: Ubundet
EE: At least one half of the members of the Board of directors shall have their residence in the European Union.
Vagt- og sikkerhedsvirksomhed
FI: A foreigner carrying on trade as a partner in a Finnish limited or general partnership needs a trade permit and has to be permanently resident in the European Union.
(CPC 87302, CPC 87303, CPC 87304 og CPC 87305)
For all sectors except telecommunications services, there is a nationality condition and residency requirement for at least half of the ordinary and deputy members of the Board of Directors.
DK: Statsborgerskabskrav og bopælskrav for medlemmer af bestyrelsen.
Company exemptions may, however, be granted.
Ubundet for sikkerhedskontrolvirksomhed i lufthavne.
If a foreign organization intends to carry on a business or trade by establishing a branch in Finland, a trade permit is required.
BG, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, RO, SI, SK: Licens gives kun til statsborgere og foretagender, der er registreret i det pågældende land.
A permission to act as a founder of a limited company is required of a foreign organization or a private person, who is not an European Union citizen.
ES: Ubundet for direkte filialer (krav om registrering som juridisk person).
For telecommunications services, permanent residency for half of the founders and half of the members of the Board of directors is required.
Adgang betinget af forhåndstilladelse.
If the founder is a juridical person, there is also a residence requirement for that juridical person.
HR: Ubundet.
IT: Access to industrial, commercial and artisanal activities is subject to a residence permit and specific authorization to pursue the activity
Hermed beslægtet teknisk og videnskabelig konsulentvirksomhed [22]
BG, PL: The scope of operations of a representative office may only encompass advertising and promotion of the foreign parent company represented by the office.
(CPC 8675)
PL: With the exception of financial services, unbound for branches.
FR: Udenlandske investorer skal have en særlig tilladelse for kunne foretage prospektering og efterforskning.
Non-European Union investors can undertake and conduct economic activity only in the form of a limited partnership, limited joint-stock partnership, limited liability company, and joint-stock company (in the case of legal services only in the form of registered partnership and limited partnership).
Vedligeholdelse og reparation af skibe
RO: The sole administrator or the chairman of the Board of directors as well as half of the total number of administrators of the commercial companies shall be Romanian citizens unless otherwise stipulated in the company contract or its statutes.
(del af CPC 8868)
The majority of the commercial companies' auditors and their deputies shall be Romanian citizens.
Vedligeholdelse og reparation af jernbanetransportudstyr
SE: A foreign company (which has not established a legal entity in Sweden) shall conduct its commercial operations through a branch, established in Sweden with independent management and separate accounts.
LV: Statsmonopol.
Building projects with duration of less than a year are exempted from the requirements of establishing a branch or appointing a resident representative.
SE: Krav om økonomisk behovsprøve, når en investor agter at etablere sine egne terminalinfrastrukturfaciliteter.
A limited liability company (joint stock company) may be established by one or several founders.
Hovedkriterier: De pågældende plads- og kapacitetsbegrænsninger.
A founding party shall either reside in Sweden or be a Swedish legal entity.
Vedligeholdelse og reparation af motorkøretøjer, motorcykler, snemobiler og vejtransportudstyr
A partnership can only be a founding party if each partner resides in Sweden.
(CPC 6112, CPC 6122, del af CPC 8867 og del af CPC 8868)
Corresponding conditions prevail for establishment of all other types of legal entities.
Hovedkriterier: De pågældende plads- og kapacitetsbegrænsninger.
At least 50 per cent of the members of the Board of directors shall reside in Sweden.
Vedligeholdelse og reparation af fly og flydele
Foreign or Swedish citizens not residing in Sweden, who wishes to conduct commercial operations in Sweden, shall appoint and register with the local authority a resident representative responsible for such activities.
Reparation og vedligeholdelse af metalprodukter, maskiner (undtagen kontormaskiner), udstyr (undtagen transport- og kontorudstyr) og personlige ejendele og husholdningsartikler [23]
Residency conditions might be waived if it can be proved that they are not necessary in a given case.
(CPC 633, CPC 7545, CPC 8861, CPC 8862, CPC 8864, CPC 8865 og CPC 8866)
SE (for Ecuador only): The managing director, and the vice-managing director if appointed, of the branch must reside in the EEA.
Rengøring af bygninger
A natural person not resident in the EEA, who conducts commercial operations in Sweden, shall appoint and register a resident representative responsible for the operations in Sweden.
(CPC 874)
Separate accounts shall be kept for the operations in Sweden.
Fotografisk virksomhed
The competent authority may in individual cases grant exemptions from the branch and residency requirements.
(CPC 875)
SI: The establishment of branches by foreign companies is conditioned with the registration of the parent company in a court register in the country of origin for at least one year.
CY, EE, MT: Ubundet
SK: A foreign natural person whose name is to be registered in the Commercial Register as a person authorized to act on behalf of an entrepreneur is required to submit residence permit for the Slovak Republic.
Emballeringsvirksomhed
Investment
(CPC 876)
ES: Investment in Spain by foreign government and foreign public entities (which tends to imply, besides economic, also non-economic interests to entity's part), directly or through companies or other entities controlled directly or indirectly by foreign governments, needs prior authorization by the government.
Trykkeri- og forlagsvirksomhed
BG: In enterprises where the public (State or municipal) share in the equity capital exceeds 30 per cent, the transfer of these shares to third parties needs authorisation.
(CPC 88442)
Certain economic activities related to the exploitation or use of State or public property are subject to concessions granted under the provisions of the Concessions Act.
LT, LV: Etableringsrettigheder i forlagssektoren tilstås kun nationalt registrerede juridiske personer (ingen filialer).
Foreign investors cannot participate in privatisation.
PL: Nationalitetskrav for chefredaktører for aviser og blade.
Foreign investors and Bulgarian juridical persons with controlling foreign participation require permission for a) prospecting, development or extraction of natural resources from the territorial sea, the continental shelf or the exclusive economic zone and b) acquisition of a controlling participation in companies engaged in any of the activities specified under a).
SE: Bopælskrav for udgivere og ejere af forlag eller trykkeri.
FR: Foreign purchases exceeding 33,33 per cent of the shares of capital or voting rights in existing French enterprise, or 20 per cent in publicly quoted French companies, are subject to the following regulations:
Konferencevirksomhed
investments of less than 7.6 million euro in French enterprises with a turnover not exceeding 76 million euro are free, after a delay of 15 days following prior notification and verification that these amounts are met;
(del af CPC 87909)
after a period of one month following prior notification, authorization is tacitly granted for other investments unless the Minister of Economic Affairs has, in exceptional circumstances, exercised its right to postpone the investment.
Oversættelse og tolkning
Foreign participation in newly privatized companies may be limited to a variable amount, determined by the government of France on a case by case basis, of the equity offered to the public.
(CPC 87905)
For establishing in certain commercial, industrial or artisanal activities, a specific authorization is needed if the managing director is not holder of a permanent residence permit.
DK: Tilladelsen for autoriserede translatører og tolke kan være begrænset til bestemte aktiviteter.
FI: Acquisition of shares by foreign owners giving more than one third of the voting rights of a major Finnish company or a major business undertaking (with more than 1000 employees or with a turnover exceeding 168 million euro or with a balance sheet total exceeding 168 million euro) is subject to confirmation by the Finnish authorities; the confirmation may be denied only if an important national interest would be jeopardized.
HR: Ubundet for oversættelse og tolkning for/ved kroatiske domstole.
These limitations do not apply to telecommunications services.
PL: Ubundet for tjenesteydelser leveret af edsvorne tolke.
HU: Unbound for foreign participation in newly privatized companies.
BG, HU, SK: Ubundet for autoriseret oversættelse og tolkning.
IT: Exclusive rights may be granted or maintained to newly-privatized companies.
Indretningsvirksomhed og anden specialiseret designvirksomhed
Voting rights in newly privatized companies may be restricted in some cases.
(CPC 87907)
For a period of five years, the acquisition of large equity stakes of companies operating in the fields of defence, transport services, telecommunications and energy may be subject to the approval of the competent authorities.
Inkassovirksomhed
Geographical zones
(CPC 87902)
FI: In the Åland Islands, limitations on the right of establishment by natural persons who do not enjoy regional citizenship in Åland or by any juridical person without permission by the competent authorities of the Åland Islands.
IT, PT: Statsborgerskabskrav for investorer.
AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY
Kreditoplysningsvirksomhed
A. Agriculture, hunting
(CPC 87901)
(ISIC rev 3.1: 011, 012, 013, 014, 015) excluding advisory and consultancy services [4]
BE: Statsborgerskabskrav for investorer i forbindelse med databanker til brug ved ydelse af forbrugerkredit.
AT, HR, HU, MT, RO: Unbound for agricultural activities.
Kopieringsvirksomhed
CY: Non-European Union participation is allowed only up to 49 per cent.
(CPC 87904) [24]
FR: The establishment of agricultural enterprises by non-European Union nationals and the acquisition of vineyards by non-European Union investors are subject to authorisation.
Konsulentvirksomhed i forbindelse med telekommunikation
IE: Establishment by non-European Union residents in flour milling activities is subject to authorisation.
(CPC 7544)
SE (for Ecuador only): Only Sami people may own and exercise reindeer husbandry.
Telefonpasning
B Forestry and logging
(CPC 87903)
(ISIC rev 3.1: 020) excluding advisory and consultancy services
KOMMUNIKATIONSVIRKSOMHED
BG: Unbound for logging activities.
A. Post- og kurérvirksomhed
FISHING AND AQUACULTURE
(Tjenesteydelser inden for håndtering [25] af postforsendelser [26] i henhold til følgende liste over subsektorer, både til indenlandske og udenlandske destinationer: i) Håndtering af adresserede meddelelser i skriftlig form på et hvilket som helst fysisk medium [27], herunder hybrid posttjeneste og adresserede reklameforsendelser, ii) håndtering af adresserede pakker [28], iii) håndtering af adresserede produkter fra den skrevne presse [29], iv) håndtering af forsendelser omhandlet under i) til iii) som rekommanderet eller med angiven værdi, v) eksprestjenester [30] for forsendelser omhandlet under i) til iii), vi) håndtering af uadresserede forsendelser, vii) dokumentudveksling [31]
(ISIC rev.3.1: 0501, 0502) excluding advisory and consultancy services
Ingen [32].
AT: At least 25 per cent of vessels have to be registered in Austria.
Subsektorerne i), iv) og v) kan udelukkes, når de falder ind under de tjenesteydelser, hvortil der kan tildeles eneret, hvilket er: brevforsendelser, hvor prisen er mindre end 2,5 gange den offentlige grundtakst, forudsat at de vejer mindre end 50 g [33], samt den rekommanderede posttjeneste benyttet i forbindelse med retlige eller administrative procedurer.)
BE, FI, IE, LV, NL, PT, SK: Foreign investors not incorporated and not having their principal office in Belgium, Finland, Ireland, Latvia, the Netherlands, Portugal and the Slovak Republic respectively cannot own Belgian, Finnish, Irish, Latvian, Dutch, Portuguese and Slovak flag vessels respectively
(del af CPC 751, del af CPC 71235 [34] og del af CPC 73210 [35])
CY, EL: Non-European Union participation is allowed only up to 49 per cent.
B. Telekommunikation
DK: Non-European Union residents cannot own one-third or more of a business engaged in commercial fishing.
Disse tjenesteydelser omfatter ikke økonomiske aktiviteter, der består i indholdsformidling, som kræver telekommunikationstjenester til transmission heraf.
Non-European Union residents cannot own Denmark flag vessels except through an enterprise incorporated in Denmark.
Al virksomhed inden for afsendelse og modtagelse ved hjælp af elektromagnetiske midler [36], undtagen sendevirksomhed [37]
FR: Non-European Union nationals cannot participate in the maritime State property for fish/shellfish/algae farming.
Ingen [38].
Foreign investors not incorporated and not having their principal office in France cannot own more than 50 per cent of a French flag vessel.
Satellittransmissionsvirksomhed [39]
DE: Sea fishing licence granted only to vessels entitled to fly the flag of Germany.
EU: Tjenesteydere i denne sektor kan være underlagt kravet om at beskytte almene interesser i forbindelse med leveringen af audiovisuelt indhold gennem deres net i overensstemmelse med Den Europæiske Unions regelsæt for elektronisk kommunikation.
These are fishing vessels of which the majority of shares is owned by European Union citizens or companies established in accordance with European Union rules and that have their principal place of business in a European Union Member State.
BE: Ubundet.
The use of the vessels must be headed and supervised by persons residing in Germany.
BYGGE- OG ANLÆGSARBEJDE OG LIGNENDE INGENIØRVIRKSOMHED (CPC 511, CPC 512, CPC 513, CPC 514, CPC 515, CPC 516, CPC 517 og CPC 518)
In order to obtain a fishing licence, all fishing vessels must register with the relevant coastal states in which the ships have their homeports.
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK: Ubundet
EE: Ships are entitled to fly Estonian flag if located in Estonia and majority ownership is held by Estonian nationals in general partnership and in limited partnership companies or other legal entities that are located in Estonia with voting majority held by Estonian nationals in the Board of directors.
DISTRIBUTIONSVIRKSOMHED
BG, HR, HU, LT, MT, RO: Unbound.
(undtagen distribution af våben, ammunition, eksplosive stoffer og andet krigsmateriel)
IT: Foreigners other than European Union residents cannot own a majority interest in Italian flag vessels or a controlling interest in ship owning companies having their headquarters in Italy.
Alle nedenstående subsektorer [40]
Fishing in Italian territorial waters is reserved to Italian flag vessels.
AT: Ubundet for distribution af fyrværkeriartikler, antændelige artikler, sprængningsudstyr og giftige stoffer.
SE: Foreign investors not incorporated and not having their principal office in Sweden cannot own more than 50 per cent of a Swedish flag vessel.
Der kan for distributionen af farmaceutiske præparater og tobaksvarer kun gives eksklusive rettigheder og/eller tilladelser til EU-statsborgere og juridiske personer fra Den Europæiske Union, som er etableret og har deres hovedkontor i Den Europæiske Union.
Acquisition by foreign investors of 50 per cent or more of shares in firms engaged in commercial fishing activities in Swedish waters requires authorisation.
FI: Ubundet for distribution af alkoholholdige drikkevarer og farmaceutiske produkter.
SI: Ships are entitled to fly the Slovenian flag if more than half of the ship is owned by European Union citizens or by juridical persons having their headquarters in a European Union Member State.
HR: Ubundet for distribution af tobaksvarer.
UK: Reservation on the acquisition of UK flagged vessels, unless the investment is at least 75 per cent owned by British citizens and/or by companies which are at least 75 per cent owned by British citizens, in all cases resident and domiciled in the UK.
A. Provisionsagenturvirksomhed
Vessels must be managed, directed and controlled from within the UK.
Provisionsagenturvirksomhed i forbindelse med motorkøretøjer, motorcykler og snemobiler samt dele og tilbehør dertil
MINING AND QUARRYING [5]
(del af CPC 61111, del af CPC 6113 og del af CPC 6121)
A. Mining of coal and lignite; extraction of peat
Anden provisionsagenturvirksomhed
(ISIC rev 3.1: 10)
(CPC 621)
B. Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas [6]
B. Engroshandel
(ISIC rev 3.1: 1110)
Engroshandel i forbindelse med motorkøretøjer, motorcykler og snemobiler samt dele og tilbehør dertil
C. Mining of metal ores
Engroshandel i forbindelse med teleterminaludstyr
(ISIC rev 3.1: 13)
(del af CPC 7542)
D. Other mining and quarrying
Anden engroshandel
(ISIC rev 3.1: 14)
(CPC 622 undtagen engroshandel i forbindelse med energiprodukter [41])
EU: Investors from countries which are energy suppliers may be prohibited to obtain control of the activity.
FR, IT: Statsmonopol på tobak.
Unbound for direct branching (incorporation is required).
FR: Tilladelser til engroshandel med apotekervarer er underlagt en økonomisk behovsprøve.
Unbound for extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas.
C. Detailhandel [42]
ES: Unbound for foreign investment in strategic minerals.
Detailhandel i forbindelse med motorkøretøjer, motorcykler og snemobiler samt dele og tilbehør dertil
MANUFACTURING [7]
(CPC 61112, del af CPC 6113 og del af CPC 6121)
A. Manufacture of food products and beverages
Detailhandel i forbindelse med teleterminaludstyr
(ISIC rev 3.1: 15)
Detailhandel med fødevarer
None
(CPC 631)
B. Manufacture of tobacco products
(Detailhandel med andre varer (ikke energi), undtagen detailhandel med farmaceutiske, medicinske og ortopædiske artikler [43](CPC 632 undtagen CPC 63211 og 63297)
(ISIC rev 3.1: 16)
ES, FR, IT: Statsmonopol på tobak.
C. Manufacture of textiles
BE, BG, DK, FR, IT, MT, PT: Tilladelse for supermarkeder (i FR kun for hypermarkeder) er underlagt en økonomisk behovsprøve.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 17)
Hovedkriterier: De eksisterende butikkers antal og betydning, befolkningstætheden, den geografiske spredning, de trafikale forhold og skabelsen af nye arbejdspladser.
D. Manufacture of wearing apparel; dressing and dyeing of fur
IE, SE: Ubundet for detailhandel med alkoholholdige drikkevarer.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 18)
SE: Økonomisk behovsprøve for midlertidig handel med klæder, sko og levnedsmidler, som ikke konsumeres på salgsstedet.
E. Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness and footwear
Hovedkriterier: Indvirkning på eksisterende forretninger i det geografiske område.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 19)
(CPC 8929)
F. Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials
UDDANNELSESVIRKSOMHED (kun privat finansieret virksomhed)
(ISIC rev 3.1: 20)
A. Primærundervisning
G. Manufacture of paper and paper products
B. Sekundærundervisning
H. Publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media [8]
(CPC 922)
(ISIC rev 3.1: 22, excluding publishing and printing on a fee or contract basis [9])
C. Videregående uddannelser
IT: Nationality condition for owner of publishing and printing companies.
(CPC 923)
SE (for Ecuador only): Residency requirement for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company
D. Voksenundervisning
I. Manufacture of coke oven products
(CPC 924)
(ISIC rev 3.1: 231)
EU: For private operatørers deltagelse i uddannelsesnetværk kræves koncession.
J. Manufacture of refined petroleum products [10]
AT: Ubundet for videregående uddannelser.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 232)
Ubundet for voksenundervisning ved hjælp af radio- eller TV-udsendelser.
EU: Investors from countries which are energy suppliers may be prohibited to obtain the control of the activity.
BG: Ubundet for udenlandske fysiske personers og sammenslutningers levering af primær- og/eller sekundærundervisning og levering af videregående uddannelser.
K. Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products other than explosives
CZ, SK: Statsborgerskabskrav for flertallet af bestyrelsen.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 24 excluding manufacturing of explosives)
Ubundet for levering af videregående uddannelser, undtagen postgymnasial teknisk og erhvervsfaglig uddannelse (CPC 92310).
L. Manufacture of rubber and plastics products
CY, FI, MT, RO, SE: Ubundet.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 25)
EL: Statsborgerskabskrav for flertallet af bestyrelsen i primær- og sekundærskoler.
M. Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
Ubundet for videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner, der udsteder anerkendte statslige eksamensbeviser.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 26)
ES, IT: Nødvendigt med test for at oprette private universiteter, der har autorisation til at udstede anerkendte eksamensbeviser eller grader.
N. Manufacture of basic metals
Proceduren omfatter udtalelse fra parlamentet.
(ISIC rev 3.1: 27)
Hovedkriterier: Antallet af eksisterende operatører og deres geografiske spredning.
O. Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
HR: Ubundet for undervisning på primærniveau (CPC 921).
(ISIC rev 3.1: 28)
For undervisning på sekundærniveau: Ingen for juridiske personer.
P. Manufacture of machinery
HU, SK: Antallet af skoler, der oprettes, kan begrænses af de lokale myndigheder (eller af de centrale myndigheder i tilfælde af gymnasier eller andre højere uddannelsesinstitutioner), der har ansvaret for at udstede tilladelser.
Manufacture of general purpose machinery
LV: Ubundet for postgymnasial teknisk og erhvervsfaglig uddannelse for handicappede elever (CPC 9224).
(ISIC rev 3.1: 291)
SI: Ubundet for primærskoler.
Manufacture of special purpose machinery other than weapons and munitions