natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Nationalitetsprincippet er diskriminerende, fordi betingelserne for indrømmelse af statsborgerskab er forskellige i medlemsstaterne, og fordi personer i samme situation bliver behandlet forskelligt alt afhængig af medlemsstaten.
The principle of nationality is discriminatory since the rules on granting the nationality of Member States vary from one country to another so that people in an identical situation are treated differently according to the Member State concerned.
I Europa-Parlamentets udtalelse af 5. februar 2002 om forslag til direktiv om tredjelandsstatsborgeres status som fastboende udlænding forsvarede man den holdning, at dem, der har opnået denne status, kan få valgret ved kommunale valg og ved valg til Europa-Parlamentet.
In its opinion of 5 February 2002 on the proposal for a directive on the status of third-country nationals who are long-term residents, the European Parliament upheld the view that those enjoying the status should be granted the right to vote in local and European elections.
Opretholdelsen af demokratiet og de politiske rettigheder er en konstant kamp.
The achievement of democracy and recognition of political rights is an ongoing struggle.
Først sent i det 20. århundrede opnåede kvinderne i Europa valgret og et borgerskab på lige fod med mændene.
It was only late in the 20th century that women were able to obtain the right to vote and citizens’ rights equal to those of men in Europe.
På tærsklen til EU's udvidelse kan vi ikke blive ved med at udelukke flere tusinde mennesker.
As the European Union prepares for its enlargement, it cannot continue to exclude millions of people.
"Åbningen af unionsborgerskabet mod det ydre skal ledsages af en styrkelse mod det indre, ellers vil mange millioner mennesker på vej mod integration uden tvivl få en negativ og meget ubehagelig følelse af udstødelse".
‘The outward opening-up of European citizenship must go hand in hand with inward inclusion.
Udtalelse om adgang til unionsborgerskabet, 14.-15. maj 2003, EØSU 593/2003.
If not, millions of people who are actively in the process of integration will undoubtedly feel very excluded’. opinion on access to EU citizenship, 14-15 May 2003, EESC 593/2003
Der er nye udfordringer i vente for unionsborgerskabet med optagelsen i maj 2004 af 10 nye lande.
Other challenges to EU citizenship are expected with the arrival of 10 new states in May 2004.
I overgangsfasen kommer de rettigheder, der er knyttet til unionsborgerskabet, nemlig ikke til at gælde fuldstændigt for borgerne fra de nye medlemsstater (herunder med hensyn til adgang til EU's arbejdsmarked).
During the transition period, access to the Member States' employment market is left to the discretion of each Member State.
Demokratiet i EU måles ligeledes gennem anvendelse af princippet om deltagelsesdemokrati for EU's borgere, der indføres i udkastet til traktat om en forfatning for Europa.
Democracy within the EU will also depend on the manner in which the principle of participatory democracy is applied to EU citizens in the draft Constitution for Europe.
"Enhver, hvis rettigheder og friheder som sikret af EU-retten er blevet krænket, skal have adgang til effektive retsmidler for en domstol under overholdelse af de betingelser, der er fastsat i denne artikel.
‘Everyone whose rights and freedoms guaranteed by the law of the Union are violated has the right to an effective remedy before a tribunal in compliance with the conditions laid down in this Article.
Enhver har ret til en retfærdig og offentlig rettergang inden en rimelig frist for en uafhængig og upartisk domstol, der forudgående er oprettet ved lov.
Everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal previously established by law.
Enhver skal have mulighed for at blive rådgivet, forsvaret og repræsenteret.
Everyone shall have the possibility of being advised, defended and represented.
Der ydes retshjælp til dem, der ikke har tilstrækkelige midler, hvis en sådan hjælp er nødvendig for at sikre effektiv adgang til domstolsprøvelse."
Legal aid shall be made available to those who lack sufficient resources insofar as such aid is necessary to ensure effective access to justice.’
Artikel 50: Ret til ikke at blive retsforfulgt eller straffet to gange for samme lovovertrædelse
Article 50: Right not to be tried or punished twice in criminal proceedings for the same criminal offence
"Ingen skal i en straffesag på ny kunne stilles for en domstol eller dømmes for en lovovertrædelse, for hvilken han/hun allerede er blevet endeligt frikendt eller domfældt i en af Unionens medlemsstater i overensstemmelse med lovgivningen."
‘No-one shall be liable to be tried or punished again in criminal proceedings for an offence for which he or she has already been finally acquitted or convicted within the Union in accordance with the law.’
A. Europæisk lovgivning
A. European legislation
Parlamentet udarbejdede efterfølgende en betænkning om grønbogen.
On this Green Paper the Parliament issued a report.
I denne betænkning støtter Parlamentet Kommissionens forpligtelse til at fremsætte et forslag om rammebeslutning på dette område som det næste trin.
In this report it supports the commitment of the Commission to table a proposal for a Framework Decision on this issue, being the next step.
Adgang til domstolsprøvelse (Guantanamo) Flere europæiske borgere tilbageholdes i en fangelejr i Guantanamo Bay i modstrid med de internationale bestemmelser.
Access to justice (Guantánamo) A number of European citizens are being detained at a prison camp in Guantánamo Bay, in breach of rules of International law.
De er mistænkt for at have forbindelse til al-Qaeda eller Talebanstyret.
They are being held on suspicion of having links with the Al-Quaida or with the Taliban regime.
De er ikke blevet tiltalt og har ikke haft adgang til advokatbistand.
They have not been charged or allowed access to lawyers.
Europa-Parlamentet er dybt berørt af denne situation og fremsatte en beslutning om emnet i slutningen af november 2002 EFT C 284 E af 21.11.2002, s. 353. .
The European Parliament is deeply concerned about this situation and presented a resolution on this issue in the end of November 2002 OJ C 284 E/353 of 21.11.2002. .
For øjeblikket arbejder Udvalget om Borgernes Friheder og Rettigheder og Retlige og Indre Anliggender og Udvalget om Udenrigsanliggender, Menneskerettigheder, Fælles Sikkerhed og Forsvarspolitik på en henstilling om situationen i Guantanamo Bay.
Currently the committee on Civil Rights and Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs and the committee on Foreign Affairs, Human rights, Common Security and Defence Policy are working on a recommendation on the situation in Guantánamo Bay B5-0426/2003 and T5-0168/2004.
Henstillingen forventes at ligge klar i starten af 2004.
The recommendation is expected at the beginning of 2004.
C. Adgang til effektive retsmidler og til en upartisk domstol (artikel 47)
C. Right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial (Article 47)
Den Europæiske Menneskerettighedsdomstol (Strasbourg)
European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), Strasbourg
Nederlandene Lorsé m.v. mod Nederlandene (52750/99) af 4.2.2003.
The Netherlands Lorsé and others v. The Netherlands (52750/99) of 4 February 2003.
Denne sag vedrører den behandling, hr. Lorsé fik, mens han blev tilbageholdt i en højsikkerhedsinstitution (EBI) i Nederlandene.
This case deals with the treatment of Mr Lorsé while being detained in an extra-security institution (EBI) in the Netherlands.
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen konkluderede, at artikel 3 i den europæiske konvention om beskyttelse af menneskerettigheder og grundlæggende frihedsrettigheder var blevet overtrådt.
The ECHR concluded that Article 3 of the European Convention for the protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms had been violated.
På dette punkt konkluderede Menneskerettighedsdomstolen, at der ikke havde fundet nogen overtrædelse sted.
On this point the ECHR concluded there had been no violation.
Bestemmelsen om at tilbageholde hr. Lorsé i EBI blev taget op til fornyet overvejelse hvert halve år.
The decision to detain Mr Lorsé in the EBI was reviewed every six months.
Lorsé var i stand til at appellere beslutningen om at forlænge hans tilbageholdelse.
Mr. Lorsé was able to appeal against the decision to prolong his detention.
Begrebet "retsmiddel", som anvendes i artikel 13, skal ikke fortolkes som et middel, der nødvendigvis skal give et positivt resultat, men ganske enkelt som et tilgængeligt middel til at få undersøgt den klagendes sag af en kompetent myndighed.
"Remedy" within the meaning of Article 13 does not mean a remedy bound to succeed, but simply an accessible remedy before an authority competent to examine the merits of the complaint.
Domstolen fandt, at indbringelsen af sagen for appelretten og muligheden for midlertidig summarisk sagsbehandling udgjorde et effektivt retsmiddel for sagsøgeren.
The Court considered that the proceedings before the Appeals Board and the possibility of interim injunction proceedings taken together provided the applicants with an effective remedy.
Rimelig tidsfrist
Reasonable time-limit
Hun klagede også over, at hun ikke havde haft adgang til et retsmiddel, hvor hun kunne gøre sine rettigheder gældende og sikre nedrivningen af bygningerne (artikel 13).
She also complained that she had not had a remedy by which to assert her rights and secure demolition of the buildings (Art. 13).
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen bemærkede, at den første retssag havde verseret i syv år, to måneder og to dage, mens den anden havde verseret i fire år, seks måneder og 12 dage, i begge tilfælde ved en enkelt domstol.
The ECHR noted that the first set of proceedings had lasted seven years, two months and two days and the second four years, six months and 12 days, in each case for a single level of jurisdiction.
Sagsøgeren havde været omhyggelig med sagsbehandlingen, og forsinkelserne kunne primært henføres til den pågældende domstol.
The applicant had conducted the proceedings diligently and the delays had occurred essentially as a result of the conduct of the court concerned.
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen konkluderede enstemmigt, at artikel 6, stk. 1, var blevet overtrådt.
The ECHR held, unanimously, that there had been a violation of Article 6, par.1
Det Forenede Kongerige Mellors mod Det Forenede Kongerige (57836/00) af 17.7.2003.
United Kingdom Mellors v. United Kingdom (57836/00) of 17 July 2003.
Han blev arresteret den 30. oktober 1995, og hans appel blev endeligt afvist den 22. juli 1999 (efter tre år, otte måneder og 23 dage).
He was arrested on 30 October 1995 and his appeal was finally rejected on 22 July 1999 (after 3 years, eight months and 23 days).
Domstolen fastslog, at appellen ikke var blevet behandlet hurtigt nok, og at behandlingen ikke opfyldte kravet om en rimelig tidsfrist.
The Court considered the appeal did not proceed with the necessary expedition and failed to satisfy the reasonable time requirement.
Beumer hævdede, at behandlingen af hans begæring om ydelser på grund af uarbejdsdygtighed (AAW-ydelser) overskred en rimelig tidsfrist.
Mr Beumer alleged that the proceedings on his request for labour incapacity benefits ( AAW- benefits) exceeded a reasonable time.
Behandlingen varede fra den 16. august 1994 til den 21. juli 1999 (fire år, 11 måneder og fem dage).
The proceedings lasted from 16 August 1994 until 21 July 1999 (4 years, eleven months and five days).
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen konkluderede, at den rimelige tidsfrist var blevet overskredet.
ECHR concluded that there had been a violation of the reasonable time requirement.
Irland Doran mod Irland (50389/99) af 31.7.2003.
Ireland Doran v. Ireland (50389/99) of 31 July 2003.
Terence og Maureen Doran klagede over varigheden af en borgerlig retssag.
Terence and Maureen Doran complained about the length of civil proceedings.
Sagen blev indledt den 17. juli 1991 og afsluttet den 15. december 1999 (otte år og fem måneder).
The proceedings began on 17 July 1991 and ended on 15 December 1999 (8 years and 5 months).
Domstolen konkluderede, at sagsøgernes sag ikke var blevet afgjort inden for et rimeligt tidsrum.
The Court concluded that applicants' proceedings were not determined within a reasonable period of time.
Østrig Hennig mod Østrig (41444/98) af 2.10.2003.
Austria Hennig v. Austria (41444/98) of 2 October 2003.
Domstolen gentager, at en sags rimelige varighed skal vurderes i lyset af sagens særlige omstændigheder.
The Court reiterates that the reasonableness of the length of proceedings must be assessed in the light of particular circumstances of the case.
Den rimelige tidsfrist begynder at løbe, så snart en person tiltales for en forseelse.
The reasonable time begins to run as soon as a person is charged with an offence.
Domstolen var ikke overbevist af regeringens argument om, at sagen var særdeles kompliceret.
The Court was not persuaded by the Government's argument the case was particularly complex.
Der var overdrevne forsinkelser, som primært kunne henføres til de nationale myndigheder.
There were excessive delays, which were mainly attributable to the national authorities.
Adgang til domstolsprøvelse og til en upartisk domstol
Access to justice and a fair trial
Italien Cordova mod Italien (40877/98) af 30.1.2003.
Italy Cordova v. Italy (40877/98) of 30 January 2003.
Ifølge domstolen var de bestridte udtalelser dækket af den parlamentariske immunitet.
The impugned statements had been found to be covered by parliamentary immunity.
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen udtalte, at den parlamentariske immunitet ikke i sig selv udgjorde en uforholdsmæssig hindring for retten til domstolsprøvelse.
The ECHR stated that, in principle, the recognition of parliamentary immunity did not in itself place a disproportionate restriction on the right of access to a court.
De omtvistede udtalelser havde strengt taget intet at gøre med udøvelsen af de parlamentariske opgaver.
The statements that had given rise to proceedings had not related to the performance of parliamentary duties in the strict sense.
Efter domstolens opfattelse betød dette, at princippet om proportionalitet mellem det efterstræbte mål og de anvendte midler skulle fortolkes stramt.
In the Court's opinion it meant that the notion of proportionality between the aim pursued and the means employed had to be interpreted narrowly.
Dette er i særdeleshed tilfældet, når hindringer for retten til domstolsprøvelse skyldes en beslutning fra et politisk organ.
This is particularly true were restrictions on the right of access had resulted from a resolution passed by a political body.
Frankrig Chevrol mod Frankrig (49636/99) af 22.10.2002.
France Chevrol v. France (49636/99) of 22 October 2002.
Hendes ansøgning blev afvist, selv om hun støttede sig til regeringens erklæringer om Algeriet om blandt andet gensidig anerkendelse af kvalifikationer i Algeriet og Frankrig (Evian-aftalen).
Her application was unsuccessful although she relied upon the Government Declarations on Algeria which provides, among other things, for mutual recognition of qualifications awarded in Algeria and in France (Evian-agreement).
Sagsøgeren appellerede afgørelsen til statsrådet, som forelagde udenrigsministeriet et præjudicielt spørgsmål.
The applicant appealed to the Conseil d'Etat, which referred a preliminary question to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Ministeriet fremførte det synspunkt, at bestemmelserne i Evian-aftalen ikke havde retskraft, da kravet om gensidighed ikke var opfyldt.
The Ministry expressed the view that the provisions of the Evian Agreement could not be regarded as having legal force because the condition of reciprocity has not been satisfied.
Chevrol klagede over, at der var sammenfald mellem den udøvende magt og statsrådets dømmende magt.
Ms Chevrol complained of interference by the executive with the Conseil d'Etat's judicial powers.
Ministeriets indgriben ville have været afgørende for sagens udfald, men hun havde ingen mulighed for at gøre indsigelse mod den.
The Ministry's intervention had been crucial to the outcome of her case, but she had no means challenging it.
Statsrådet forelagde udenrigsministeriet en række præjudicielle spørgsmål og fulgte ukritisk dets svar uden yderligere undersøgelse af sagen.
The Conseil d'Etat referred preliminary questions to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and abided to this opinion without subjecting it to any criticism or cross-examination.
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen konstaterede, at sagsøgeren ikke havde haft mulighed for at gøre indsigelse mod ministeriets indgriben, som blev afgørende for sagens udfald.
The ECHR observed that the Ministry's intervention, which had been decisive for the outcome of the court proceedings had not been open to challenge by the applicant.
Under disse omstændigheder kan sagsøgeren ikke siges at have haft adgang til en domstol, som havde eller havde accepteret tilstrækkelig kompetence til at undersøge alle tvistens faktuelle og retlige aspekter.
In those circumstances the applicant could not be considered to have had access to a tribunal which had, or had accepted, sufficient jurisdiction to examine all the factual and legal issues relevant to the determination of the dispute.
Domstolen mener, at den byrde, der pålægges en transseksuel for at bevise behandlingens medicinske nødvendighed, er uforholdsmæssig.
The Court considers that the burden placed on a transsexual to prove the medical necessity of the treatment appears disproportionate.
Derudover var fortolkningen af termen "medicinsk nødvendighed" og vurderingen af bevismaterialet i forbindelse med kønsskifteoperationen ikke rimelig, og behandlingen af den pågældende sag opfyldte ikke kravene om upartisk behandling.
Furthermore the interpretation of the term of "medical necessity" and evaluation of evidence in regard to gender re-assignment measures was not reasonable and the proceedings in question did not satisfy the requirements of a fair hearing.
Finland Suominen mod Finland (37801/97) af 1.7.2003.
Finland Suominen v. Finland (37801/97) of 1 July 2003.
Byretten afviste bevismaterialet på retsmødet uden nogen skriftlig begrundelse herfor.
The District Court refused to admit the evidence at the main hearing, without giving a reasoned written decision.
Ifølge domstolen er alle myndigheder forpligtet til at retfærdiggøre deres aktiviteter ved at begrunde deres beslutninger.
According to the Court an authority is obliged to justify its activities by giving reasons for its decisions.
Sagsøgeren havde ikke adgang til en upartisk retssag, for så vidt angik rettens afvisning af det af hende fremlagte bevismateriale.
Applicant did not have the benefit of fair proceedings in so far as the court's refusal to admit the evidence proposed by her was concerned.
Retten forhindrede endvidere sagsøgeren i at gennemføre en egentlig appel af afvisningen.
It also hindered applicant from appealing in an effective way against that refusal.
Finland Fortum corporation mod Finland (32559/96) af 15.7.2003.
Finland Fortum corporation v. Finland (32559/96) of 15 July 2003.
Neste fik ikke formelt fremsendt rettens optegnelser.
Memoranda were not formally communicated to Neste.
Domstolen understreger, at uanset hvilken indvirkning disse optegnelser ville have haft på den højeste forvaltningsdomstols afgørelse, skulle Neste have haft mulighed for at vurdere, om de gav anledning til bemærkninger.
The Court underlines that whatever the actual effect of those memoranda on the Supreme Administrative Court's Decision, it was for Neste to access whether they required its comments.
Selskabet skulle have haft mulighed for at kommentere disse optegnelser forud for sagens afgørelse.
The company should have had an opportunity to comment on the memoranda prior to deciding the case.
Sagsøgeren var ude af stand til at deltage korrekt i retsmøderne for den højeste forvaltningsdomstol.
Applicant was unable to participate properly in the proceedings before the Supreme Administrative Court.
Sverige Lagerblom mod Sverige (26891/95) af 14.1.2003.
Sweden Lagerblom v. Sweden (26891/95) of 14 January 2003.
Han blev bistået af en forsvarsadvokat udpeget af det offentlige.
He got assistance of a public defence council.
Under retsmøderne forsvarede sagsøgeren sig selv på finsk.
During the hearing applicant defended himself in Finnish.
Han blev idømt et år og to måneders fængsel og pålagt at betale en del af sagsomkostningerne samt sin advokats salær.
He was convicted and sentenced to one year and two month's imprisonment and was ordered to pay an amount of costs including his lawyers' fee.
Han appellerede dommen og bad igen om at blive repræsenteret af en finsktalende advokat.
He appealed and again asked to be represented by a Finnish speaking lawyer.
Han hævdede, at hans ret til en upartisk domstol var blevet overtrådt, da hans forsvarsadvokat ikke talte finsk.
He claimed that his right to a fair trial had been violated, as his public defence council was not Finnish speaking.
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen bemærkede, at advokatskiftet ville have medført visse vanskeligheder og yderligere omkostninger.
The ECHR observed that replacement of counsel would have caused certain inconvenience and entailed additional costs.
Den fandt det ikke urimeligt, at de nationale myndigheder i lyset af det overordnede ønske om at begrænse de samlede omkostninger til retshjælp indtog en restriktiv holdning over for begæringerne om udskiftning af de offentligt udpegede forsvarsadvokater, da de først var blevet udpeget til sagen og havde udført visse opgaver.
The ECHR did not find it unreasonable, in view of general desirability of limiting the total costs of legal aid, for national authorities to take a restrictive approach to requests to replace public defence counsel once they had been assigned to a case and had undertaken certain activities.
Derudover konkluderede Menneskerettighedsdomstolen, at sagsøgeren til en vis grad beherskede det svenske sprog, og at han ikke var så handicappet, at han overhovedet ikke kunne kommunikere med sin advokat.
Furthermore the ECHR concluded that applicant had a certain command of the Swedish language and that he was so handicapped that he could not al all communicate with his lawyer.
Det Forenede Kongerige Dowsett mod Det Forenede Kongerige (39482/98) af 24.6.2003.
United Kingdom Dowsett v. United Kingdom (39482/98) of 24 June 2003.
Domstolen gentager vigtigheden af, at alt det bevismateriale, der er relevant for sagens forsvar, forelægges dommeren på det tidspunkt, hvor det i størst muligt omfang kan tjene forsvarets interesser, så dommeren kan træffe afgørelse om offentliggørelse.
This is detention ordered by the executive, without charge or trial, for an unspecified and potentially unlimited period of time, principally on the basis of secret evidence which the people concerned have never heard or seen, and which they were therefore unable to effective challenge.
Ligestilling af parterne
Equality of arms
Frankrig Bertuzzi mod Frankrig (36378/97) af 13.2.2003.
France Bertuzzi v. France (36378/97) of 13 February 2003.
En fransk statsborger ville lægge sag an mod en advokat, som efter sigende skulle have rådgivet ham dårligt.
A French national wanted to sue a lawyer who, he alleged, had given him bad advice.
Han ansøgte om retshjælp, hvilket han fik bevilget den 1. juni 1995.
He applied for legal aid which was granted to him on 1 June 1995.
Tre advokater på stribe trak sig ud af sagen, da de havde et personligt forhold til den forsvarende advokat.
Three lawyers in succession withdrew from the case on account of personal links with the defendant lawyer.
Retshjælpskontoret besluttede ikke at udpege en fjerde advokat i sagen, hvorfor sagsøgeren selv måtte føre sin sag.
The legal aid office decided not to assign a fourth lawyer to the case therefore the applicant had to conduct his own case.
Retshjælpskontoret havde altså ment, at faglig bistand var af afgørende betydning for sagen.
The legal aid office had therefore considered that professional assistance would be of crucial importance in the proceedings.
Menneskerettighedsdomstolen konkluderede enstemmigt, at sagsøgeren ikke havde haft effektiv adgang til en domstol.
The ECHR held unanimously that the applicant had not received effective access to a tribunal.