natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This achievement is made all the more creditable by the fact that the period since 1999 has been marked by a loss of confidence in the wake of the crises in Russia and Latin America, by highly volatile oil prices, by increases in food costs resulting from the BSE crisis and extreme weather conditions, by the terrorist attacks of 11 September, by the fall in share values and most recently by the Iraq conflict.
This achievement is made all the more creditable by the fact that the period since 1999 has been marked by a loss of confidence in the wake of the crises in Russia and Latin America, by highly volatile oil prices, by increases in food costs resulting from the BSE crisis and extreme weather conditions, by the terrorist attacks of 11 September, by the fall in share values and most recently by the Iraq conflict.
These economic shocks to which the euro area has been exposed are also part of the reason why hopes of an imminent recovery have had to be put on ice several times.
These economic shocks to which the euro area has been exposed are also part of the reason why hopes of an imminent recovery have had to be put on ice several times.
Having to revise growth forecasts by up to two percentage points in two successive years is a heavy burden on the makers of monetary policy too.
Having to revise growth forecasts by up to two percentage points in two successive years is a heavy burden on the makers of monetary policy too.
Nevertheless, they have managed to fulfil the mandate given them by Article 105 of the EC Treaty by keeping the inflation rate low and stabilising medium-term inflationary expectations.
Nevertheless, they have managed to fulfil the mandate given them by Article 105 of the EC Treaty by keeping the inflation rate low and stabilising medium-term inflationary expectations.
We have prepared transparencies showing you these two aspects of the monetary mandate.
We have prepared transparencies showing you these two aspects of the monetary mandate.
The first shows the inflation rate over a lengthy time series.
The first shows the inflation rate over a lengthy time series.
You will see how successful our efforts in this domain have been compared with those of the seventies and eighties.
You will see how successful our efforts in this domain have been compared with those of the seventies and eighties.
The second shows the measured inflationary expectations.
The second shows the measured inflationary expectations.
In contrast to the seventies, knock-on effects in the form of the development of high inflationary expectations have been avoided.
In contrast to the seventies, knock-on effects in the form of the development of high inflationary expectations have been avoided.
The medium-term orientation of monetary policy has helped to ensure that the adverse impact of short-term supply shocks on prices has not inflicted more severe damage on growth and employment.
The medium-term orientation of monetary policy has helped to ensure that the adverse impact of short-term supply shocks on prices has not inflicted more severe damage on growth and employment.
All of the studies produced since the start of monetary union show that monetary policies have not been restrictive, and this strategy has permitted a flexible response to changing external conditions.
All of the studies produced since the start of monetary union show that monetary policies have not been restrictive, and this strategy has permitted a flexible response to changing external conditions.
Another reason for the success of European monetary policy has been the high degree of independence enjoyed by the European Central Bank.
Another reason for the success of European monetary policy has been the high degree of independence enjoyed by the European Central Bank.
Accountability to the European Parliament and transparency in the conduct of monetary policy have also been key elements in this success.
Accountability to the European Parliament and transparency in the conduct of monetary policy have also been key elements in this success.
The ECB and the European System of Central Banks are participants in forums such as the Eurogroup and the Economic and Financial Committee.
The ECB and the European System of Central Banks are participants in forums such as the Eurogroup and the Economic and Financial Committee.
They are also actively involved in the G7 framework, the International Monetary Fund and the Financial Stability Forum, to name but a few.
They are also actively involved in the G7 framework, the International Monetary Fund and the Financial Stability Forum, to name but a few.
Moreover, European monetary union is also a reflection of the European ideal of progressive integration.
Moreover, European monetary union is also a reflection of the European ideal of progressive integration.
This ideal has been made even more appealing by the successful introduction of the euro and the great extent to which the common currency has been accepted by the public.
This ideal has been made even more appealing by the successful introduction of the euro and the great extent to which the common currency has been accepted by the public.
I have brought along a slide to illustrate this point too.
I have brought along a slide to illustrate this point too.
This one shows the opinion of the Austrians – unfortunately I could not find a comparable European survey – on the question whether the euro is stable.
This one shows the opinion of the Austrians – unfortunately I could not find a comparable European survey – on the question whether the euro is stable.
As you see, the vast majority of the respondents answered that question in the affirmative.
As you see, the vast majority of the respondents answered that question in the affirmative.
I should now like to deal with a few challenges for the future.
I should now like to deal with a few challenges for the future.
I shall only refer to three by way of example.
I shall only refer to three by way of example.
The first challenge is to enlarge the EU, the second is to strengthen the growth potential of the European economy, and the third is to ensure that the financial markets remain stable.
The first challenge is to enlarge the EU, the second is to strengthen the growth potential of the European economy, and the third is to ensure that the financial markets remain stable.
The enlargement of the European Union, which was still regarded as a pipe-dream only a few years ago, will become reality in May of next year.
The enlargement of the European Union, which was still regarded as a pipe-dream only a few years ago, will become reality in May of next year.
The consequences for the European Union and for the acceding countries themselves are numerous and far-reaching, but I only wish to examine one aspect here, namely the impact on economic and monetary policies.
The consequences for the European Union and for the acceding countries themselves are numerous and far-reaching, but I only wish to examine one aspect here, namely the impact on economic and monetary policies.
The process of economic and monetary integration will comprise three stages.
The process of economic and monetary integration will comprise three stages.
The first will be accession to the EU, the second will be participation in the exchange-rate mechanism, and the third will be full participation in economic and monetary union.
The first will be accession to the EU, the second will be participation in the exchange-rate mechanism, and the third will be full participation in economic and monetary union.
In the first phase, membership of the European Union per se will give rise to the obligation to consider exchange-rate policy as a matter of common interest.
In the first phase, membership of the European Union per se will give rise to the obligation to consider exchange-rate policy as a matter of common interest.
In the second phase, the new Member States will be expected to participate in the exchange-rate mechanism for a period of at least two years without any strains in the realm of exchange-rate policy.
In the second phase, the new Member States will be expected to participate in the exchange-rate mechanism for a period of at least two years without any strains in the realm of exchange-rate policy.
That is a legal requirement for subsequent adoption of the euro.
That is a legal requirement for subsequent adoption of the euro.
Entry into the ERM II model will not necessarily occur immediately after accession but can certainly take place at a later date, depending on the economic situation of the country in question.
Entry into the ERM II model will not necessarily occur immediately after accession but can certainly take place at a later date, depending on the economic situation of the country in question.
In the third and final phase, it is planned that the new Member States should begin to participate fully in monetary union and adopt the euro.
In the third and final phase, it is planned that the new Member States should begin to participate fully in monetary union and adopt the euro.
The prerequisite for this is strict and sustained fulfilment of the convergence criteria.
The prerequisite for this is strict and sustained fulfilment of the convergence criteria.
In this respect the new Member States will be subject to the same rules as those that already belong to the euro area.
In this respect the new Member States will be subject to the same rules as those that already belong to the euro area.
Premature adoption of the euro could entail disproportionately heavy financial and real economic adjustment burdens.
Premature adoption of the euro could entail disproportionately heavy financial and real economic adjustment burdens.
On the other hand, access to the euro area must not be obstructed in any way for those states whose fulfilment of the criteria is evident and can be expected to be sustained.
On the other hand, access to the euro area must not be obstructed in any way for those states whose fulfilment of the criteria is evident and can be expected to be sustained.
Let me now address the question of increasing the potential for growth in Europe.
Let me now address the question of increasing the potential for growth in Europe.
The euro area is now in its third year of extremely sluggish growth, and all of the forecasts predicting the start of an upturn in the second half of this year are still subject to considerable uncertainties.
The euro area is now in its third year of extremely sluggish growth, and all of the forecasts predicting the start of an upturn in the second half of this year are still subject to considerable uncertainties.
In addition, it is often asserted that the euro area has an inherent structural weakness that will inhibit long-term growth.
In addition, it is often asserted that the euro area has an inherent structural weakness that will inhibit long-term growth.
The achievement of the Lisbon aim of developing Europe into the world’s most competitive knowledge-based economy by 2010 and the reduction of our high level of unemployment are pivotal economic challenges.
The achievement of the Lisbon aim of developing Europe into the world’s most competitive knowledge-based economy by 2010 and the reduction of our high level of unemployment are pivotal economic challenges.
High long-term growth rates and high employment levels are prerequisites, not only for prosperity and social security but also for continued public approval of the European integration project.
High long-term growth rates and high employment levels are prerequisites, not only for prosperity and social security but also for continued public approval of the European integration project.
Monetary policy can contribute by cementing an economic situation marked by sustainable price stability.
Monetary policy can contribute by cementing an economic situation marked by sustainable price stability.
And so to the issue of stable financial markets.
And so to the issue of stable financial markets.
Preserving the stability of the financial markets is a crucial challenge for both the immediate and the more distant future.
Preserving the stability of the financial markets is a crucial challenge for both the immediate and the more distant future.
It is a major political task, one in which the central banks are also heavily involved.
It is a major political task, one in which the central banks are also heavily involved.
Not only are stable financial markets a prerequisite for the effective implementation of monetary policy through the transmission mechanism of the banking and financial systems; they also enable companies to plan ahead safely, companies whose willingness to invest and to innovate is the engine of the economic system.
Not only are stable financial markets a prerequisite for the effective implementation of monetary policy through the transmission mechanism of the banking and financial systems; they also enable companies to plan ahead safely, companies whose willingness to invest and to innovate is the engine of the economic system.
The single market in financial services is only just developing, and its growth should be vigorously encouraged.
The single market in financial services is only just developing, and its growth should be vigorously encouraged.
Our supervisory system, which gives responsibility to the national regulators on the ground, combined with close cooperation at the European level, must be strengthened.
Our supervisory system, which gives responsibility to the national regulators on the ground, combined with close cooperation at the European level, must be strengthened.
Existing differences between the national rules that have evolved in the course of time need to be the subject of harmonisation efforts.
Existing differences between the national rules that have evolved in the course of time need to be the subject of harmonisation efforts.
In the coming years, the success or failure of European economic policy will be judged by its response to these three challenges – continuing the pursuit of integration in an enlarged EU, increasing Europe’s growth potential and safeguarding the stability of the financial markets.
In the coming years, the success or failure of European economic policy will be judged by its response to these three challenges – continuing the pursuit of integration in an enlarged EU, increasing Europe’s growth potential and safeguarding the stability of the financial markets.
Let me now conclude with a few remarks on monetary strategy.
Let me now conclude with a few remarks on monetary strategy.
The ECB’s monetary strategy is currently a matter for in-depth discussion, and this committee has already subjected it to critical examination.
The ECB’s monetary strategy is currently a matter for in-depth discussion, and this committee has already subjected it to critical examination.
As long as the discussions are still taking place, however, I prefer not to speculate on their outcome.
As long as the discussions are still taking place, however, I prefer not to speculate on their outcome.
I should merely like to address one aspect here, namely the question why we have this monetary strategy at all.
I should merely like to address one aspect here, namely the question why we have this monetary strategy at all.
Firstly, the strategy is intended as a structure to systematise the flow of information.
Firstly, the strategy is intended as a structure to systematise the flow of information.
The euro system involves numerous indicators and measures of economic performance, and they relate to various different time frames.
The euro system involves numerous indicators and measures of economic performance, and they relate to various different time frames.
The first pillar of the system focuses on the long term, because long-term inflation is a monetary phenomenon.
The first pillar of the system focuses on the long term, because long-term inflation is a monetary phenomenon.
The second pillar comprises indicators which chiefly analyse the interaction of supply and demand and which are designed to identify imminent inflationary risks.
The second pillar comprises indicators which chiefly analyse the interaction of supply and demand and which are designed to identify imminent inflationary risks.
These indicators are generally based on a short- to medium-term perspective.
These indicators are generally based on a short- to medium-term perspective.
These two pillars are a kind of principle governing the organisation of information relating to monetary policy.
These two pillars are a kind of principle governing the organisation of information relating to monetary policy.
The flow of information is organised on the basis of various criteria.
The flow of information is organised on the basis of various criteria.
Besides this internal structuring of information, the strategy also serves to facilitate communication with the public and to contribute to a better understanding of monetary policy decisions.
Besides this internal structuring of information, the strategy also serves to facilitate communication with the public and to contribute to a better understanding of monetary policy decisions.
Monetary policy is conducted in a climate of uncertainty, and price stability is its medium-term objective.
Monetary policy is conducted in a climate of uncertainty, and price stability is its medium-term objective.
Monetary policy is implemented through long and sometimes unpredictable channels, and the inflation rate may therefore be subject to short-term fluctuations that monetary policy can do nothing to prevent.
Monetary policy is implemented through long and sometimes unpredictable channels, and the inflation rate may therefore be subject to short-term fluctuations that monetary policy can do nothing to prevent.
Even though the monetary strategy helps to structure the flow of information and is therefore designed to minimise uncertainty, the economy of the euro area can still be exposed to shocks.
Even though the monetary strategy helps to structure the flow of information and is therefore designed to minimise uncertainty, the economy of the euro area can still be exposed to shocks.
The medium-term orientation of the monetary strategy provides room for manoeuvre.
The medium-term orientation of the monetary strategy provides room for manoeuvre.
Inflationary expectations can be stabilised without exposing the economy to excessively wide fluctuations.
Inflationary expectations can be stabilised without exposing the economy to excessively wide fluctuations.
As the economist Jürg Niehans once wrote, ‘A central banker’s field of action is the ever-changing stream of economic history, where every day may pose new problems requiring new solutions’.
As the economist Jürg Niehans once wrote, ‘A central banker’s field of action is the ever-changing stream of economic history, where every day may pose new problems requiring new solutions’.
Thank you for your attention.
Thank you for your attention.
6. maj 2003 ENDELIG A5-0154/2003 ***II
6 May 2003 FINAL A5-0154/2003 ***II
om Rådets fælles holdning med henblik på vedtagelse af Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning om grænseoverskridende overførsel af genetisk modificerede organismer
on the Council common position for adopting a European Parliament and Council regulation on transboundary movements of genetically modified organisms
På mødet den 24. september 2002 vedtog Parlamentet sin holdning ved førstebehandling til forslag til Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning om grænseoverskridende overførsel af genetisk modificerede organismer ( KOM(2002) 85 - 2002/0046(COD)).
At the sitting of 24 September 2002 Parliament adopted its position at first reading on the proposal for a European Parliament and Council regulation on transboundary movements of genetically modified organisms ( COM(2002) 85 – 2002/0046 (COD)).
På mødet den 13. marts 2003 meddelte Parlamentets formand, at den fælles holdning var modtaget og henvist til Udvalget om Miljø- og Sundhedsanliggender og Forbrugerpolitik (15546/1/2002 - C5-0081/2003 ).
At the sitting of 13 March 2003 the President of Parliament announced that the common position had been received and referred to the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Policy (15546/1/2002 – C5‑0081/2003 ).
På mødet den 27. marts 2002 havde udvalget valgt Jonas Sjöstedt til ordfører.
The committee had appointed Jonas Sjöstedt rapporteur at its meeting of 27 March 2002.
På møder den 25. marts og 30. april 2003 behandlede udvalget den fælles holdning og udkastet til indstilling ved andenbehandling.
The committee considered the common position and draft recommendation for second reading at its meetings of 25 March 2003 and 30 April 2003.
På sidstnævnte møde vedtog det forslaget til lovgivningsmæssig beslutning (for: 20; imod: 2; hverken/eller: 8).
At the latter meeting it adopted the draft legislative resolution by 20 votes to 2, with 8 abstentions.
Til stede under afstemningen var: Caroline F. Jackson (formand), Mauro Nobilia og Guido Sacconi (næstformænd), Jonas Sjöstedt (ordfører), Hans Blokland, John Bowis, Dorette Corbey, Chris Davies, Véronique de Keyser (for David Robert Bowe), Karl-Heinz Florenz, Robert Goodwill, Françoise Grossetête, Hans Kronberger, Bernd Lange, Caroline Lucas (for Alexander de Roo), Torben Lund, Albert Jan Maat (for Peter Liese), Jules Maaten, Minerva Melpomeni Malliori, Patricia McKenna, Riitta Myller, Ria G.H.C. Oomen-Ruijten, Neil Parish (for Avril Doyle), Marit Paulsen, Dagmar Roth-Behrendt, Horst Schnellhardt, Inger Schörling, Renate Sommer (for Eija-Riitta Anneli Korhola), Bart Staes (for Marie Anne Isler Béguin) og Phillip Whitehead.
The following were present for the vote: Caroline F. Jackson, chairman; Mauro Nobilia and Guido Sacconi, vice-chairmen; Jonas Sjöstedt, rapporteur; and Hans Blokland, John Bowis, Dorette Corbey, Chris Davies, Véronique de Keyser (for David Robert Bowe), Karl-Heinz Florenz, Robert Goodwill, Françoise Grossetête, Hans Kronberger, Bernd Lange, Caroline Lucas (for Alexander de Roo), Torben Lund, Albert Jan Maat (for Peter Liese), Jules Maaten, Minerva Melpomeni Malliori, Patricia McKenna, Riitta Myller, Ria G.H.C. Oomen-Ruijten, Neil Parish (for Avril Doyle), Marit Paulsen, Dagmar Roth-Behrendt, Horst Schnellhardt, Inger Schörling, Renate Sommer (for Eija-Riitta Anneli Korhola), Bart Staes (for Marie Anne Isler Béguin) and Phillip Whitehead.
Indstillingen ved andenbehandling indgivet den 6. maj 2003.
The recommendation for second reading was tabled on 6 May 2003.
FORSLAG TIL LOVGIVNINGSMÆSSIG BESLUTNING Europa-Parlamentets lovgivningsmæssige beslutning om Rådets fælles holdning med henblik på vedtagelse af Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning om grænseoverskridende overførsel af genetisk modificerede organismer (15546/1/2002 – C5‑0081/2003 – 2002/0046(COD))
DRAFT LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION European Parliament legislative resolution on the Council common position for adopting a European Parliament and Council regulation on transboundary movements of genetically modified organisms (15546/1/2002 – C5‑0081/2003 – 2002/0046(COD))
– der henviser til Rådets fælles holdning (15546/1/2002 – C5‑0081/2003 ),
– having regard to the Council common position (15546/1/2002 – C5‑0081/2003 ),
– der henviser til sin holdning ved førstebehandling TA_(2002) 0432. til Kommissionens forslag til Europa-Parlamentet og Rådet ( KOM(2002) 85 EFT C 151 E af 25.6.2002, s. 121. ),
– having regard to its position at first reading TA (2002) 0432. on the Commission proposal to Parliament and the Council ( COM(2002) 85 OJ C 151 E, 25.6.2002, p.
– der henviser til indstilling ved andenbehandling fra Udvalget om Miljø- og Sundhedsanliggender og Forbrugerpolitik ( A5‑0154/2003 ),
– having regard to the recommendation for second reading of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Policy ( A5‑0154/2003 ),
(6) Eksport af GMO'er bestemt til udsætning i miljøet bør anmeldes til den importerende part eller ikke-part, så denne kan træffe en informeret afgørelse, baseret på risikovurdering, der udføres på et solidt videnskabeligt grundlag.
(6) Exports of GMOs intended for deliberate release into the environment should be notified to the Party or non-Party of import, allowing it to make an informed decision, based on a risk assessment carried out in a scientifically sound manner.