natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Som det fremgår af afsnit 4 anvendes der et stort antal kemikalieprodukter i de alternative renserier.
As it appears from section 4, a large number of chemical products are used in the alternative dry-cleaning shops.
Kemikalierne har forskellige funktioner i renseprocessen, men gennemgang af sikkerhedsdatablade for de anvendte kemikalieprodukter viser, at der er visse kemikalier som ofte indgår i produkterne.
The chemicals have different functions in the dry-cleaning process, but the safety data sheets of the chemical products used show that some of the chemicals appear frequently in the products.
Således ses eksempelvis 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol (CAS nr. 112-34-5), poly(oxy1,2-ethanediyl) (CAS nr. 69011-36-5) samt isoalkaner og isoparafiner ofte i produkterne.
Some of these chemicals are 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol (CAS number 11234-5), poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) (CAS number 69011-36-5), isoalkanes and isoparaffins.
Det høje antal af produkter anvendt i renserierne gør det vanskeligt, uden væsentligt forudgående kendskab til det aktuelle renseris drift, at forudsige f.eks. residualindhold i tekstilerne, affaldssammensætninger eller komponenter i forbindelse med en eventuelle jord- og grundvandsforureninger, se også afsnit
The many products used in the dry-cleaning shops makes it difficult, without previous knowledge of the operation of the dry-cleaning shop in question, to predict for instance the residual content in the textiles, the residual compositions or components in connection with any soil and ground water pollutions.
Produkterne indeholder typisk kulbrinter eller glycolethere som dominerende komponent.
The products typically contain hydrocarbons or glycolethers as the dominant component.
Ét produkt indeholder såvel kulbrinter som en glycolether.
A product contains both hydrocarbons and glycolether.
Der er påvist indhold af N,N-dimethylalkylaminer i 2 af 13 produkter ved de gennemførte screeninger.
N,N-dimethylalkyl amines have been found during the screenings in 2 out of 13 products.
I modsætning til resultaterne gengivet i Hohenstein (1996), se også tabel 4.4, kunne der ikke ved nærværende analyser af Frankotex HCR/KW påvises indhold af chlorerede opløsningsmidler.
Contrary to the results from Hohenstein (1996) - please see table 4.4 - the present analyses of Frankotex HCR/KW did not demonstrate any chlorinated solvents.
Mængden af tetrachlorethylen i Rynex 2 og Cetox KWI udløser ikke krav om mærkning på databladet for produktet.
Due to the small concentration of tetrachlorethylen in Rynex 2 and Cetox KWI, the data sheets of the products does not have to be marked.
Analyserne har vist et betydeligt antal flygtige/semi-flygtige stoffer, som enten ikke er mærkningspligtige eller som findes i så lave koncentrationer, at det ikke udløser mærkning.
The analyses have shown a considerate number of volatile/semi-volatile substances that do not have to be marked according to law or they appear in such low concentrations that they do not have to be marked.
Analysen viste 1,1 %(vægtprocent) glycolethere samt et indhold af nonylphenolpolyethoxylater svarende til mindre end 0,001 % (vægtprocent).
The contact water contained glycolethere in a concentration of 1.1 % (percentage by weight) and nonylphenolethoxylates in a concentration of less than 0.001 % (percentage by weight).
Som det fremgår af afsnit 6.1.2 er der i nærværende undersøgelse anvendt et kulbrinte-renseri, som også tidligere har leveret renset tekstil til klimakammermålinger (Miljøstyrelsen, 2002a).
As it appears from section 6.1.2, this investigation includes a hydrocarbon dry-cleaning shop that has earlier delivered dry-cleaned textile for measurements in climate chambers (the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, 2002a).
Forsøgene viser sammenlignelige emissionsratekonstanter i forhold til resultaterne fundet tidligere.
The tests show comparable emission rate constants in relation to the results found earlier.
Det er imidlertid bemærkelsesværdigt, at residualindholdet af kulbrinter bestemt i nærværende undersøgelse er væsentligt lavere end residualindholdet fundet i lignende tekstiler efter rensning i samme renseri knap et år tidligere.
It is, however, remarkable that the residual content of hydrocarbons determined in this investigation is considerably lower than the residual content found in similar textiles after dry-cleaning in the same dry-cleaning shop approximately one year earlier.
Forklaringen skal formodentlig findes i, at variationen i residualindhold er væsentlig afhængig af fibertyper, destillationsprocessen, de anvendte kemikalier samt tørreprocessen.
The explanation may be that the variation in residual content is very dependent on fiber types, the distillation process, the chemicals used as well as the drying process.
Ved forespørgsel oplyste renseriejeren, at der har været foretaget optimeringer af bl.
When asked, the drycleaning shop owner informed that the drying process has been optimized.
a. tørreprocessen, idet temperaturen er hævet med 5
The temperature has been increased by 5
oC og at kraftige tekstiler såsom overtøj (som erfaringsmæssigt er sværest at tørre) generelt holdes for sig selv i en mindre chargestørrelse.
oC and thick textiles such as coats (the drying time of which is long) are generally kept separately in a small charge size.
Det er derfor sandsynligt, at de lave residualindhold for flygtige komponenter i væsentligt omfang kan begrundes i disse optimeringer.
It is therefore probable that the low residual content for volatile components to a large extent is due to these optimizations.
Det kan ikke udelukkes, at også andre forhold kan spille en rolle.
However, other conditions may also play an important part.
Det ligger uden for nærværende projekt at afdække, hvilke af optimeringerne, der er årsag til de lave residualindhold.
It is outside the scope of this project to investigate which of the optimizations result in the low residual content.
Da resultaterne viser, at det er muligt at opnå meget lave residualindhold ved kulbrinte-rensningerne anbefales det dog, at der gennemføres tiltag, således at disse erfaringer kan komme andre renserier til gode.
As the results show that it is possible to reach a very low residual content via hydrocarbon dry-cleaning, it is recommended to take action so that other dry-cleaning shops can benefit from these experiences.
Da det erfaringsmæssigt er lettere at tørre tetrachlorethylen ud af de rensede tekstiler sammenlignet med glycolethere og kulbrinter, er det sandsynligt, at erfaringerne fra kulbrinte-renseriet også kan anvendes for de øvrige renserityper.
As it notoriously is easier to dry tetrachlorethylen out of the dry-cleaned textiles than glycolethers and hydrocarbons, it is likely that the experiences from the hydrocarbon dry-cleaning shop can also be used for the other dry-cleaning types.
Indholdet af rensevæsker efter 14 dages afgasningsperiode fremgår af tabel 6.10 og 6.11.
The content of cleaning fluids after an emission period of 14 days appears from table 6.10 and 6.11.
Som det fremgår, er der ikke påviselige mængder af kulbrinter tilbage i tekstilerne.
As it can be seen, there are no demonstrable quantities of hydrocarbons left in the textiles.
Dette bekræfter ovennævnte konklusioner på baggrund af klimakammerforsøgene.
This confirms the above conclusions on the basis of the climate chamber measurements.
Der er glycolethere tilbage i alle seks tekstiler efter rensning og afgasning i klimakammerne.
Glycolethers are left in all six textiles after dry-cleaning and emission in the climate chambers.
Specielt kjolematerialet synes at tilbageholde store mængder glycolethere.
Especially the dress textile seems to contain large quantities of glycolether.
Dette indikerer, at selv med optimeret tørring kan det være kompliceret at opnå fuldstændig fjernelse af glycolethere fra tekstilerne.
This indicates that even with optimized drying, it can be complicated to remove the glycolethers from the textiles completely.
Indholdet af nonylphenolpolyethoxylater i den ene renseforstærker kunne genfindes i jakken og bukserne efter rensning på kulbrinterenseriet.
The content of nonylphenolpolyethoxylates in one of the cleaning intensifiers could also be found in the jacket and the trousers after dry-cleaning in the hydrocarbon dry-cleaning shop.
8.4 Renseriprocessen - opkoncentration af flygtige komponenter i destillatet
8.4 The dry-cleaning process - concentration of volatile components in the distillate
Gennemgang af processerne i det anvendte kulbrinte-renseri og Rynexrenseri, se også afsnit 3, viser, at et nøje kendskab til renseriprocesserne er nødvendigt, for at kunne forudsige, hvilke stoffer, der vil være residualindhold i det rensede tekstil, hhv. hvilke stoffer, der emitteres til omgivelserne eller bortskaffes som affald.
Studing the processes in the hydrocarbon and Rynex dry-cleaning shops taking part in the investigation shows that a thorough knowledge of the drycleaning processes is necessary to predict which substances will be residual content in the dry-cleaned textile and which substances will be emitted to the surroundings or removed as waste (please also see section 3).
Ved den løbende tilsætning af kemikalier kan destillatet ændre sammensætning.
Due to the continuous addition of chemicals, the distillate may change its composition.
Destillatet er således kun ”ren rensevæske” ved første charge efter påfyldning eller ved udskiftning af destillatet med ny rensevæske.
The distillate is therefore only ”pure cleaning fluid” in the first charge when it has just been added or it has been replaced by new cleaning fluid.
Da destillatet kan ændre sammensætning fra charge til charge er det sandsynligt, at også residualindholdet i de rensede tekstiler vil ændrer sig.
As the distillate can change its composition from charge to charge, the residual content in the dry-cleaned textiles may also change.
Residualindholdet i et givent tekstil vil således ud over at være afhængig af tekstilfibrenes evne til at tilbageholde de anvendte kemikalier og tørringsprocessen, også være afhængig af brugen af hjælpe- og tilsætningsstoffer, destillationens effektivitet og hvor mange charges, der er kørt siden ren rensevæske blev påfyldt maskinen.
The residual content in a given textile will, besides being dependent on the ability of the text fibres to keep the chemicals used as well as the drying process, also be dependent on the use of helping agents and additives, the effectivity of the distillation and the number of charges since cleaning fluid was added to the machine.
Dermed bliver det yderligere kompliceret at forudsige residualindholdets størrelse og sammensætning af de flygtige komponenter.
This makes it more complicated to predict the size of the residual content and the combination of the volatile components.
Kemisk analyse af destillater fra Rynex- og kulbrinte-renserierne i denne undersøgelse viser, at destillaterne fra begge renserier indeholder tetrachlorethylen.
A chemical analysis of distillats from the Rynex and hydrocarbon dry-cleaning shops in this investigation shows that the distillates from both dry-cleaning shops contain tetrachlorethylen.
Blandt andet er det antaget, at der ikke forekommer sinkeffekter.
Among other things, it is assumed that there are no zinc effects.
Forekommer sinkeffekter vil disse på den ene side reducere de maksimale koncentrationer, men samtidigt på den anden side forlænge påvirkningen af indeklimaet.
In case of any zinc effects, these will on the one hand reduce the maximum concentrations, but on the other hand extend the influence of the indoor climate.
Som det fremgår af tabel 7.
As it appears from table 7.
1-7.3 vurderes det, at afgivelsen af glycolethere fra Rynex-rensede tekstiler kan give indeklimaproblemer.
1-7.3, it is estimated that the emission of glycolethers from Rynex dry-cleaned textiles can cause indoor climate problems.
glycolethere fra kulbrinte-renset tekstil er lavt og det vurderes derfor, at der næppe er risiko forbundet ved introduktion af tekstiler i de givne mængder og med de givne residualindhold til boliger.
It is therefore estimated that there is no risk involved with the introduction of textiles in the given quantities and with the given residual content into residences.
Det skal pointeres, at de foreliggende resultater ikke kan anvendes til at karakterisere hele branchen, idet der må forventes væsentlige variationer i restindholdet i tekstiler renset i forskellige renserier.
It has to be emphasized that the present results cannot be used for characterizing the whole trade, as there may be considerable variations in the residue of textiles dry-cleaned by different dry-cleaning shops.
En forudsætning for f.eks. at kunne bestemme et forventeligt restindhold under nogle givne omstændigheder er, at der gennemføres mere omfattende målinger.
More extensive measurements have to be carried out to determine any residue under given conditions.
Som det fremgår af undersøgelsen kan der påvises komponenter i de anvendte kemikalieprodukter i renserierne, som ikke fremgår af deklarationerne i sikkerhedsdatabladene.
As it appears from the investigation, some of the components in the chemical products used by the dry-cleaning shops are not listed in the declarations of the safety data sheets.
Dette kan give anledning til en række arbejdsmiljø-, miljøog sundhedsmæssige risici som følge af, at renserierne ikke kender produkternes egenskaber til fulde.
This can involve a number of work, environmental and health risks, as the dry-cleaning shops do not know the characteristics of the products fully.
Jævnfør resultaterne i afsnit 4, 5 og 8.4 er det sandsynligt, at der i såvel Rynex- som kulbrinte-renserierne anvendes kemikalieprodukter, som kan indeholde tetrachlorethylen.
According to the results in section 4.5 and 8.4, it is likely that chemical products containing tetrachlorethylen are used both in the Rynex as well as the hydrocarbon dry-cleaning shops.
Af hensyn til, at mange af de alternative renserier reklamerer med en klor-fri-rensning, bør disse renseriejere sikre sig, at produkterne er fri for klorerede opløsningsmidler.
As many of the alternative dry-cleaning shops advertise their dry-cleaning as being chlorine-free, these dry-cleaning shop owners ought to make sure that the products do not contain any chlorinated solvents.
Da kemikalierne i rensemidlerne kan ende som residualindhold i det færdigt behandlede tekstil (og dermed påvirke forbrugerne), bør renseribranchen stille krav til leverandørerne og producenterne om bedre deklaration af kemikalieprodukterne.
As the chemicals in the cleaning fluids can end as residual content in the textile that has been finally treated (and thereby influence the consumers), the dry-cleaning trade ought to demand better declaration of the chemical products from the suppliers and producers.
Indtil der opnås bedre deklaration af produkterne anbefales det, at renseribranchen med jævne mellemrum får verificeret sammensætningen af deres destillat, således at utilsigtede komponenter ikke ender i det færdigt behandlede tekstil.
Until a better declaration of the products is provided, it is recommend that the dry-cleaning trade has the composition of its distillate verified at regular intervals so that unintended components do not end in textiles that have been finally treated.
Ydermere anbefales det, at renseribranchen i samarbejde med leverandører af renserimaskiner og kemikalieprodukter får belyst de forventelige residualindhold for et givent kemikalie under givne ensartede driftsforhold.
Furthermore, it is recommended that the dry-cleaning trade have the expected residual content of a given chemical examined under homogenous operation conditions in co-operation with the suppliers of dry-cleaning machines and chemical products.
Hermed åbnes mulighed for, at renseribranchen kan sammenligne kemikalieprodukter.
This makes it possible for the dry-cleaning trade to compare the chemical products.
Ydermere åbnes mulighed for, at renserierne kan foretage egenkontrol af renseproceduren og residualindholdet og derved vurdere renseriets drift i forhold til disse ensartede driftsforhold.
Furthermore, the dry-cleaning shops can control the dry-cleaning processes and the residual content, thereby evaluating the operation of the dry-cleaning shop in relation to these homogenous operation conditions.
Bilag 1 Side 1 af 7
Appendix 1 Page 1 of 7
Spørgeskema i forbindelse med kemiske stoffer i renset tekstil
Questionnaire dealing with chemicals in dry-cleaned textile
Spørgeskemaet er opdelt i 2 dele.
The questionnaire has been divided into 2 parts.
I første del stilles en række generelle spørgsmål til renseriets udformning og drift.
The first part includes a number of general questions relating to the dry-cleaning shop and its operation.
I anden del stilles en række spørgsmål til brugen af kemikalier i forbindelse rensningen.
The second part includes a number of questions relating to the use of chemicals in connection with the dry-cleaning.
Hvad hedder rensemaskinerne (Maskinnavn/-fabrikat) og hvilken rensevæske benyttes (Rynex, kulbrinter) ?
The manufacture of the dry-cleaning machines (machine name/brand) and the cleaning fluid being used (Rynex, hydrocarbons)?
Rensevæske: Vedlæg gerne oplysninger om maskinerne.
Cleaning fluid: Please enclose any available information about the machines.
Hvornår blev rensemaskinerne installeret ?
When were the dry-cleaning machines installed?
Er der sket væsentlige ændringer på maskinen siden installationen ?
Have any essential changes been made to the machine since the installation?
r Ja r Nej Hvis ”Ja”, hvilke ændringer er der foretaget og hvornår ?
r Yes r No If ”Yes” - which changes have been made and when?
Er der automatisk tørrekontrol ?
Does the machine have automatic drying control?
r Ja r Nej
r Yes r No
Andre kontrolmekanismer: r Ja r Nej Hvis ”Ja”, hvilke ?
Other control mechanisms: r Yes r No If ”Yes” - which?
Andre kontrolmekanismer: r Ja r Nej
Other control mechanisms: r Yes r No
Hvis ”Ja”, hvilke ?
If ”Yes” - which?
Bilag 1, fortsat side 3 af 7
Appendix 1, continued Page 3 of 7
Hvad er maskinens kapacitet ?
What is the capacity of the machine?
Mængde renset tøj pr år (kg) ?
Quantity of dry-cleaned clothes per year (kg)?
Antal charge pr. år ?
Number of charges per year?
Antal arbejdsdage pr. år ?
Number of working days per year?
Vurdering af rensevæskerne, hjælpestoffer mv.
Evaluation of the cleaning fluids, helping agents, etc.
Har I konstateret lugtproblemer pga. den benyttede rensevæske og/eller hjælpe- og tilsætningsstofferne ?
Have you experienced any obnoxious smells due to the cleaning fluid used and/or the helping agents and additives?
Hvis ”Ja”, beskriv venligt problemet:
If ”Yes” - please describe the problem:
Har I driftsproblemer pga. den benyttede rensevæske og/eller hjælpe- og tilsætningsstofferne ?
Have you experienced any operation problems due to the cleaning fluid used and/or the helping agents and additives?
Er der reklamationer fra kunder pga. den benyttede rensevæske og/eller hjælpe- og tilsætningsstofferne ?
Have you received any complaints from the customers due to the cleaning fluid used and/or the helping agents and additives?
Vurderer I, at rensningen er tilstrækkelig god ?
Do you find the dry-cleaning sufficiently good?
Er der andre gevinster eller gener ved rensevæskerne og hjælpe- og tilsætningsstofferne ?
Any other advantages or disadvantages connected to the cleaning fluids, helping agents and additives?
DEL 2: Forbrug af kemikalier ved renseprocessen
PART 2: Consumption of chemicals during the dry-cleaning process
Forbrug af kemikalie til forbehandling, rensning og efterbehandling: : Vedlæg venligst datablade, såfremt sådanne haves
Consumption of chemicals for pre-treatment, dry-cleaning and final treatment: : Please enclose any available data sheets
Rensevæske, renseforstærkere, baktericider hjælpestoffer, pletrensemidler, lugthæmmere mm. : Navn, adresse, tlf., kontaktperson
Cleaning fluid, cleaning intensifiers, bactericides, helping agents, spot removers, deodorizers, etc. : Name, address, telephone number, contact person Trade name
Forbrug pr. år Husk enhed (liter eller kg)
Please state the unit (litre or kg)
Forbrug pr. kg tøj
Consumption per kg clothes
Forbrug pr. år Husk enhed (liter eller kg)
Consumption per year Please state the unit (litre or kg)
Forbrug pr. kg tøj
Consumption per kilo clothes
Besvarelse af spørgeskema
Response to questionnaire
Installering af maskine 06.08.2001 Udført ændringer
Installation of machine 06.08.2001 Changes made
Automatisk Tørrekontrol Nej
Automatic drying control No
Autotidsstyring på 70 min
Automatic time control, 70 minutes.
Men kan også indstilles manuelt
Can also be set manually.
Maskine kapacitet - kg 15
Machine capacity - kg 15
Kun ½ af gardiner
Only half of the curtains
Er rensningen god Ja
Is the dry-cleaning good?
Bilag 2A, fortsat
Appendix 2A, continued
DetaProfi og Detafix serier
DetaProfi and Detafix series
Bendsen A/S
Aktern A/S
Forbrug pr. år
Consumption per year
Findes i renseforstærker
Consumption per year
Leverandøren oplyser, at opbygningen af rensemaskinerne i renseri C, D, E og F er ens
The supplier informs, that in Dry-celaning shop C, D, E and F the same technical construction of cleaning machines has been used.
Infrarød sensor til koncentrationsmåling i tromleluften
Infra-red sensor for measuring residue in the drum air
Stop for varmetilførsel ved 75% af LEL
Heating stops at 75% of LEL
Andre kontrolmekanismer Ja
Other control mechanisms
Minimumstid for tørring, typisk 25-35 min
Minimum time for drying, typically 25-35 minutes.
Normal tørretid i min.
Normal drying time in minutes
Er rensningen god
Is the dry-cleaning good?
Andre gevinster eller gener
Other advantages or disadvantages
Er meget tilfreds med lugtfri rensevæske
Is very satisfied with the non-smelling cleaning fluid
Behagerligere lugt i renseriet
More comfortable smell in the dry-cleaning shop
Bilag 2B, fortsat
Appendix 2B, continued
Har aftappet 100 l
100 l have been drawn off
Frankotex og Preclin
Frankotex and Preclin
Andre kontrolmekanismer Ja
Other control mechanisms Yes
Ukendt ny maskine Hvor stor del er kg rens
Quantity dry-cleaned per kilo
Antal arbejdsdage - år
Number of working days a year
Positive udtalelser fra kunder
Positive feedback from customers
Prenet Pur og Clip Comfort
Prenet Pur and Clip Comfort
Hhv. 200 og 150 kg
200 and 150 kg respectively
Mængde pr. år
Quantity per year
Charges pr. år
Charges per year
Reklamationer fra kunder
Is the dry-cleaning good?
Samme som TPM 1075
Identical to TPM 1075
Forbørstning - Blæk og filtskriver
Pre-brushing - ink and felt pen
Forbørstning - Olie, lak, smøreolie mv.
Pre-brushing - oil, paint, lubricating oil, etc.
Forbørstning - Tanin og garvestoffer
Pre-brushing - tannin and tanning agents
Forbørstning - Blod og æggehvidestoffer
Pre-brushing - blood and albumens
Forbørstning - Tanin-og garvestofpletter
Pre-brushing - tannin and tanning agent spots
Detaprofi Medex Forbørstning - Lægemidler mv.
Detaprofi Medex Pre-brushing - medicaments, etc.
Polysol KwV Forbørstning
Polysol KwV Pre-brushing
Forbørstning 112-34-5 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol
Pre-brushing 112-34-5 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol
- Rust, mad og blod
- rust, food and blood
Detafix Color Forbørstning 100-51-6 benzylalkohol
Detafix Color Pre-brushing 100-51-6 benzylalkohol
- Blod og æggehvidestoffer 68425-47-8 Fettsäurediethanolamid
- blood and 68425-47-8 Fettsäurediethanolamid
Detaprofi Tanex Forbørstning 112-34-5 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol
Detaprofi Tanex Pre-brushing 112-34-5 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol
Detaprofi Blodex Forbørstning 61790-12-3 Ölsäure
Detaprofi Blodex Pre-brushing 61790-12-3 Ölsäure
Detaprofi Ferex Forbørstning 7664-38-2 Phosphorsyre
Detaprofi Ferex Pre-brushing 7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
- Rust og metalpletter
- rust and metal stains
Detaprofi Medex Forbørstning 872-50-4 Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidon
Detaprofi Medex Pre-brushing 872-50-4 Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidon
Flourcarbonharpiks opløst i isoparaffin
Fluoride carbon resin dissolved in isoparaffin
: Oplysninger fra sikkerhedsdatablade : Oplysninger fra spørgeskemabesvarelser - Renserier -: Ingen tilgængelige oplysninger
: From safety datasheets : From response to questionnairesdry-cleaning shops -: No information available
Leder Öl LW Læderolie
Leder Öl LW Dubbin
Actrel 3356-D Rensevæske
Actrel 3356-D Cleaning fluid