natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Hvidt skaft: polypropylen Grøn del: SBS/polypropylen elastomer
White handle: polypropylene Green part: SBS/polypropylene elastomer
SBS: Styren-butadien-styren, SAN: Styren-acryl-nitril, PBT: Polybutylterephthalat, POM: Polyoxymethylen
SBS: Styrene-butadiene-styrene, SAN: Styrene acrylonitrilel, PBT: Polybutylterephthalate, POM: Polyoxymethylene
Analysen kan ikke vise, hvilke typer farve der er anvendt til de farvede børster.
On the basis of the analysis it is not possible to show which type of colour has been used for the coloured brushes.
Enkelte tandbørster har ”massage børster” af andet materiale, oftest det samme materiale, som anvendt i skaftet.
Some toothbrushes have “massage brushes” of another material, which has also been used in connection with the handle.
Hovedparten af skafterne er fremstillet af polypropylen, homopolymer eller copolymer.
The majority of the handles is made of polypropylene, homopolymer or copolymer.
Ved enkelte af skafterne kan der bestemmes mindre mængder additiver i polypropylen materialet.
At some of the handles smaller amounts of additives can be observed in the polypropylene material.
Som dekoration eller anden funktion på skafterne anvendes mange steder forskellige ”styren ethylen elastomerer”, der i de fleste tilfælde har et stort indhold af kridt.
As decoration or another function at the handles different “styrene ethylene elastomers” are used, which in most cases contain a large amount of chalk.
Styren acrylonitril (SAN), acrylpolymer og polyester er også anvendt som skaftmateriale.
Styrene acrylonitrile, SAN, acrylpolymer and polyester have also been used as handle material.
De to undersøgte dele til el-tandbørster er fremstillet af polyoxymethylen (POM) og polyester (polybutylterephthalat: PBT).
The two examined parts for electrical toothbrushes are made of polyozymethylene, POM and polyester, (PBT).
Trykfarverne er vurderet ud fra det anvendte bindersystem.
The printing ink has been evaluated based on the used binder system.
I de fleste tilfælde er binderne baseret på acrylpolymerer.
In most cases the binders are based on acrylic polymers.
Der er ikke ved FT-IR screeningen set tegn på, at der er anvendt phthalater som blødgørende komponenter i trykfarverne.
The FT-IR screening did not show any sign that phthalates have been used as softening components in the printing ink.
3.2 GC-MS Analyse (screening) migration til spyt
3.2 GC-MS Analysis (screening) migration to saliva
Migrationsanalysen blev udført på 10 udvalgte tandbørster.
The migration analysis was carried out on 10 selected toothbrushes.
De resulterende ekstrakter blev analyseret ved gaschr omatografi med massespektrometrisk detektor (GC-MS).
The resulting extracts were analysed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detector (GCMS).
Detaljeret analysemetode beskrivelse kan ses i bilag C.
Detailed analysis method is described in Encl. C.
Til GC-MS analyserne anvendes Perkin Elmer AutoSystem XL GC gaschromatograf med en Turbomass GC masse spektrometer som detektor.
For the GC-MS analyses we have used a Perkin Elmer AutoSystem XL GC gaschromatograph with a Turbomass GC mass spectrometer as detector.
Detektionsgrænsen vil være ca. 0,5 µg/g.
The detection limit will be approx. 0.5 mg/g.
Usikkerheden ved screening er på 100%.
The uncertainty at screening is 100%.
Baseret på resultaterne af GC-MS screeningen, er i tabel 3.2 nævnt de stoffer, der er identificeret ved screeningen.
Based on the results from the GC-MS screening the substances identified at the screening are mentioned in table 3.2.
Det bemærkes, at stofnavne omgivet af ” ” er usikre stofnavne, mens stofnavne, der begynder med ”, er noget mere sikre.
It should be noted that substance names put in “ “ are uncertain, starts with “ are more certain.
De ikke identificerede stoffer, der i bilag C er angivet ved ion-numre, er udeladt i tabel 3.2.
The unidentified substances, which are stated with ion-numbers in Encl. C, have been left out in table 3.2.
Det antages, at disse for det meste er rester fra plasten.
It is assumed that these are mostly residues from the plastic.
Da monomerer ville kunne identificeres ved screeningen, antages det derfor at være oligomere rester fra de anvendte polymerer.
As it would be possible to identify monomers at the screening, it is consequently assumed to be oligomer residues from the used polymers.
Da en del af de fundne stoffer er opløsningsmidler og stoffer, der anses for absolut fremmede i plastfremstillingen, antages, at en stor del af de fundne forbindelser stammer fra overfladebehandling, påtrykning af folier, farver osv.
As a part of the detected substances are solvents and substances, which are considered to be absolutely extraneous in the plastic production, it is assumed that a great part of the detected compounds derive from surface treatment, impression of film, colours etc.
Tabel 3.2: Fundne stoffer ved GC-MS screening over for DEHP standard (µg total pr tandbørste)
Table 3.2 Substances found at GC-MS screening according to DEHP standard (µg total per toothbrush)
2 "4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2propanon
2 "4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2propanone
18 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinon 872-50-4 Xi;R36/38 24 Benzosyre methyl ester 93-58-3 26 Pentandisyre dimethyl
18 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone 872-50-4 Xi;R36/38 24 Benzo acid methyl ester 93-58-3 26 Pentandiacid dimethyl
25 "Tetramethylbenzen" 488-23-3 N;R51/53 27 "Tetramethylbenzen" 25619-60
25 "Tetramethylbenzene" 488-23-3 N;R51/53 27 "Tetramethylbenzene" 25619-60
29 Naphthalen (over for egen Intern Standard)
29 Naphthalene (against own Internal Standard)
57 4-(dimethylamino)benzosyre ethyl ester 61 "dimethoxy-diphenylethanon"
57 4-(dimethylamino)-benzo acid ethyl ester 61 "dimethoxy-diphenylethanone"
59 alken/alkohol C16-C18 629-73-2,
59 Alken/alcohol C16-C18 629-73-2,
ID (30642-) ID Forbindelse
ID (30642-) ID Compound
73 Alkan/alken-amid C18+
73 Alkan/alken-amide C18+
*: Klassifikation i henhold til Listen over farlige stoffer (Miljøministeriet 2002)
*: Classification according to the List of Dangerous Substances (Miljøministeriet 2002)
Disse stoffer antages at hidrøre fra overfladepåføringer af trykfarver, dækmaterialer som lak osv.
These substances are assumed to derive from surface application of printing ink, finishing material like varnish etc.
3.3 Gløderest og grundstofscreening ved ICP-MS
3.3 Calcined residue and elemental substance screening through ICPMS
3.3.1 Analysemetode: Gløderest, præparation og screening
3.3.1 Analysis method: Calcined residue, preparation and screening
Efter afkøling i en eksikator blev gløderesten bestemt.
After cooling in a desiccator the calcined residue was determined.
Identificerbare metaldele i asken blev isoleret og vejet.
Identifiable metal parts in the ash were isolated and weighed.
Massen af asken blev korrigeret for metalbidraget.
The mass of the ash was adjusted for the metal part.
Præparation af asken:
Preparation of the ash:
Yderligere 2 dråber koncentreret saltsyre blev tilsat og opløsningen behandlet i ultralydsbad i 30 min. Endelig blev opløsningen tilsat 25 ml demineraliseret vand og fortyndet op til 50 ml med 2,8 M salpetersyre.
Further 2 drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid were added, and the solution was treated in an ultrasonic bath for 30 min. Finally, 25 ml demineralised water was added to the solution and diluted to 50 ml with 2.8 M nitric acid.
Fortyndinger af de præparerede prøver, tilsat ”on-line” germanium, rhodium og rhenium som interne standarder, blev screenet for indhold af sporelementer ved induktivt-koblet-plasma massespektrometri (ICP-MS) under anvendelse af ekspertprogrammet TotalQuantII, der ud fra en instrumentresponskurve for grundstofferne fra masse 6 (Li) til masse 238 (U) kvantificerer indholdet.
Dilutions of the prepared samples, added “on-line” germanium, rhodium and rhenium as internal standards, were screened for the content of trace elements through inductive-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) using the expert programme TotalQuantII, which - on the basis of an instrument response curve for the elemental substances from mass 6 (Li) to mass 238 (U) - quantifies the content.
Instrumentresponskurven blev opdateret ved hjælp af en multielementstandard indeholdende Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co,, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Te, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi og U, som dækker hele masseområdet.
The instrument response curve was updated by means of a multi-element standard containing Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Te, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi and U, which covers all of the mass area.
Grundstoffer som Br, C, Cl, F, N, O, P, S og Si kvantificeres ikke på grund af interferenser.
Elemental substances like Br, C, Cl, F, N, O, P, S and Si are not quantified because of interferences.
Screeningerne blev udført på et Perkin Elmer Sciex Elan 6100 DRC Plus ICP Mass Spectrometer tilkoblet et FIAS 400 system med AS93 Plus autosampler.
The screenings were carried out on a Perkin Elmer Sciex Elan 6100 DRC Plus ICP Mass Spectrometer attached to a FIAS 400 system with AS93 Plus autosampler.
Tabel 3.3 Resultater af ICP-MS screeningen
Table 3.3 Results from the ICP-MS screening
µg/g tandb.
µg/g toothbrush
DL ug/g aske
DL ug/g ash
g aske pr. tandbørste 2,94 0,17 3,41 0,07 4,15 0,19 0,59 2,38 0,5 1,22
g ash per toothbrush 2.94 0.17 3.41 0.07 4.15 0.19 0.59 2.38 0.5 1.22
Forekomsten af calcium og/eller magnesium i tandbørsterne hidrører antageligt fra anvendelsen af kridt eller dolomit som fyldstoffer.
At the same time, smaller amounts of strontium and barium are observed in the same samples.
Titan er målt i hovedparten af tandbørsterne og indgår som et hvidt pigment i form af titandioxid.
Titanium has been measured in the majority of the toothbrushes and is a constituent part of a white pigment in the form of titanium dioxide.
En tilsvarende funktion kan et højt indhold af aluminium i form af aluminiumoxid formodes at have, foruden i visse tilfælde at være anvendt med det formål at frembringe en opaliserende effekt.
A big amount of aluminium in the form of aluminium oxide is assumed to have a corresponding function, and - in some cases - it is used with the purpose of achieving an opalescent effect.
I enkelte tilfælde er der påvist et højt indhold af kobber, nikkel og zink foruden spor af mangan.
In some cases, a big amount of copper, nickel and zinc together with traces of manganese have been detected.
Disse grundstoffer må formodes at stamme fra metaltråd eller tilsvarende til fastgørelse af børsterne på tandbørsten eller fra mekaniske dele i tilfælde af mundstykker til elektriske tandbørster.
These elemental substances are assumed to originate from metal wire or something similar for fixing the bristles to the toothbrush or from mechanical parts in the case of mouthpieces for electrical toothbrushes.
Der er analyseret et bredt udvalg af de tandbørstetyper, der findes på markedet i dag, med hovedvægten lagt på børnetandbørster.
A wide range of the toothbrush types being on the market today has been analysed; the main emphasis has been laid on children's toothbrushes.
Disse stoffer antages at hidrøre fra overfladepåføringer af trykfarver, dækmaterialer som lak osv. Udvælgelsen er baseret på stoffernes klassifikation og beskrivelse af effekter, som kan være potentielt problematiske for forbrugeren, hvis afgivelsen (migrationen) af stofferne fra tandbørsterne er for stor.
These substances are supposed to originate from surface applications of printing ink, finishing materials like varnish etc. The selection is based on the classification of the substances and description of effects that potentially may cause concern to the consumer, if the migration of the substances from the toothbrushes is too high.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinon er et opløsningsmiddel ofte anvendt ved syntese af plast eller lakker.
1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone is a solvent often used by synthesis of plastic and varnishes.
Carvon er en terpen.
Carvone is a terpene.
Terpener findes i æteriske olier.
Terpenes are found in essential oils.
Terpenerne kan komme fra anvendelsen af vegetabilske olier og harpikser (resiner) i trykningen og trykfarverne som opløsningsmiddel.
The terpenes might derive from the use of vegetable oils and resins in the printing and printing ink as a solvent.
Toluensulfonamider, som anvendes som del af lakdannere, genfindes ofte som restprodukter fra syntese af konserveringsmidler til f.eks. lakker.
Toluene sulphonamides are often residual products from syntheses of preservatives to e.g. varnishes.
Phthalat er en blødgører, der anvendes i både plast og lakker.
Phthalate is a plasticiser, which is used in both plastic and varnishes.
De nævnte stoffer er af særlig interesse på baggrund af deres klassifikation og beskrivelse af effekter, som kan være potentielt problematiske for forbrugeren, hvis afgivelsen (migrationen) af stofferne fra tandbørsterne er for stor.
The mentioned substances are of special interest based on their classification and description of effects that potentially may cause concern to the consumer, if the migration of the substances from the toothbrushes is too high.
4 Screening af eventuelle sundhedsskadelige effekter
4 Screening for possible harmful effects
4.1 Screening for sundhedsskadelige stoffer
4.1 Screening for harmful substances
I fase 2 blev de stoffer, der er ekstraheret fra 10 tandbørster med kunstigt spyt, identificeret ved GC-MS screening ud fra DEHP intern standard.
In phase 2, the substances, which are extracted from 10 toothbrushes with artificial saliva, were identified by means of GC-MS screening according to DEHP internal standard.
Det vil sige, at de fundne mængder af afgivne stoffer (µg pr. tandbørste) skal tages med et vist forbehold.
This means that the detected amounts of released substances (mg per toothbrush) must be taken with some reservations.
Talværdierne giver dog et vist indtryk af relative mængder.
However, the numerical values give the impression of relative amounts.
Baseret på de identificerede kemiske forbindelser er der foretaget en screening af eventuelle sundhedsskadelige stoffer.
Based on the identified chemical compounds a screening for possible harmful substances has been made.
Screeningen har taget udgangspunkt i klassificeringer på Listen over farlige stoffer og umiddelbart tilgængelige oplysninger om effekter, der kunne være potentielt problematiske for forbrugeren, hvis afgivelsen (migrationen) af stofferne fra tandbørsterne er for stor i forhold til de koncentrationer, hvor der ses effekter.
The screening is based on the classifications in the List of Dangerous Substances and available information on effects that potentially may cause concern to the consumer, if the migration of the chemical substance is too high in relation to the concentrations where effects are observed.
Disse stoffer er kort gennemgået nedenfor sammen med andre identificerede stoffers, som er klassificeret.
These substances are shortly reviewed below as well as other classified substances.
Rækkefølgen er efter en vurdering med de umiddelbart mest bekymringsvækkende først.
The substances are presented in order based on an evaluation presenting the most concerning substances first.
Det vil sige, at stoffet er reproduktionstoksisk i kategori 2; fosterskadende i dyreforsøg.
This means that the substance is toxic to reproduction in category 2, Harmful to embryos in animal experiments.
R61 angiver, at stoffet kan skade barnet under graviditet.
R61 states that the substance may cause harm to the unborn child.
Xn angiver, at stoffet er sundhedsskadeligt.
Xn states that the substance is harmful to health.
R20/21 angiver Farligt ved indånding og hudkontakt.
R20/21 states that the substance is harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin.
Kroniske effekter er fundet omtalt som ”kan give kroniske lever- og nyreskader” (Clayton og Clayton 1981).
Chronic effects have been mentioned as “may cause chronic liver- and kidney damages” (Clayton and Clayton, 1981).
Stoffet kan give systemiske skader ved indånding og optagelse over hud i tilstrækkelige mængder over en længere periode.
The substances may cause systemic damages when inhaled and absorbed via the skin in sufficient amounts over a prolonged period of time.
1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethan, CAS nr. 79-34-5, er klassificeret ”Tx;R26/27 N;R51/53”.
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, CAS no. 79-34-5, is classified ”Tx;R26/27 N;R51/53”.
Det vil sige at stoffet er meget giftigt ved indånding og ved hudkontakt.
This means that the substance is very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin.
Stoffet er kun fundet i en tandbørste (B-006), men selv om den relative mængde er lav i screeningen, er fundet bekræftet i en kvantitativ analyse.
The substance is observed in one toothbrush (B-006) but even if the relative amount is low in the screening the detection is confirmed in a quantitative analysis.
3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol, CAS nr. 1331-39-1, er ikke klassificeret men omtalt i IPCS sikkerhedsdatablad.
3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol, CAS no. 1331-39-1, is not classified but mentioned in the IPCS safety data sheet.
Det er anført, at effekterne ved korttidseksponering er absorption over hud, irritation af øjne, hud og åndedræt.
It is stated that the effects at short time exposure are absorption through skin, irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory system.
Langtidseksponering for stoffet kan påvirke lever, nyrer og kan påvirke fostre (IPCS 1993).
Prolonged exposure from the substance may affect liver and kidneys and may affect embryos (IPCS 1993).
Carvon, CAS nr. 99-49-0, er ikke klassificeret, men carvon er en terpen.
Carvone, CAS no. 99-49-0, is not classified, but carvone is a terpene.
Terpenerne er generelt slimhindeirriterende.
The terpenes are generally mucous membrane irritating.
Terpener findes i æteriske olier.
The terpenes are found in essential oils.
Terpenerne kan stamme fra anvendelsen af vegetabilske olier og harpikser (resiner) i trykningen og trykfarverne som opløsningsmiddel.
The terpenes might originate from the use of vegetable oils and resins in the printing and the printing ink as a solvent.
Desuden er carvon med det kemiske navn p-mentha-6,8-dien-2-one nært beslægtet med limonen (p-mentha-6,8-dien), der er erkendt hudirriterende og klassificeret ”Xi;R38 R43”.
Furthermore, carvone with the chemical name p-mentha-6,8-dien-2-one is closely related to limonene (p-mentha-6,8-dien), which is known to be skin irritating and classified ”Xi;R38 R43.
Det vil sige, at stoffet er lokalirriterende og klassificeret hudirriterende.
This means that the substance is irritating; and classified as Irritating to skin.
Desuden kan stoffet give overfølsomhed ved kontakt med huden.
Besides the substance may cause sensitization by skin contact.
Carvon anses generelt for at have et lavt sensibiliseringspotentiale, men af og til er carvon fundet som årsag til kontaktallergi hos brugere af pebermynte tandpasta og -tyggegummi (HSDB 2003).
Carvone is generally considered to have a low sensitising potential, but sometimes carvone has been found to be the cause of contact allergy in users of spearmint toothpaste and -chewing gum (HSDB 2003).
Stoffet er kun fundet i to tandbørster (B-004 og B-005), men selv om de relative mængder er lave i screeningen, er fundet bekræftet i en kvantitativ analyse.
The substance is observed in two toothbrushes (B-004 and B-005) but even if the relative amounts are low in the screening the detections are confirmed in quantitative analyses.
Fundet i B-006 antyder, at migrationen var høj, og derfor er fundet bekræftet i en kvantitativ analyse.
The detection in B-006 indicates a high migration and, therefore, the detection is confirmed in a quantitative analysis.
Screeningens identifikation kunne også tyde på, at det kan være tolbutamide, CAS 64-77-7, som er på den vejledende Liste klassificeret R43, kan give overfølsomhed ved kontakt med huden.
The screening identification might also indicate that it could be tolbutamide, CAS no. 64-77-7, which is classified Xn;R43, i.e. harmful and may cause sensitization by skin contact.
Der er fundet en uidentificeret phthalat samt diethylphthalat og benzylbutylphthalat.
An unidentified phthalate and diethyl-phthalate and benzyl butyl-phthalate have been detected.
Phthalaterne er optaget på Listen over uønskede stoffer.
The phthalates have been entered on the List of undesirable substances.
Optagelsen på listen er begrundet i en politisk målsætning og phthalaternes sundheds- og miljøbelastning i forbindelse med anvendelse af restprodukter som slagger, kompost og slam (Miljøstyrelsen 2000).
The inclusion in the list is based on a political objective and the health and environmental impact from the phthalates in connection with waste such as slag, compost and sludge (Danish EPA 2000).
Benzylbutylphthalat er under risikovurdering i EU, men vurderingen er endnu ikke færdig.
Benzyl butyl phthalate is being risk assessed in EU but the assessment is not yet finalised.
Benzylbutylphthalat er ikke klassificeret, men ny klassificering er foreslået på reprotoxiske egenskaber.
Benzyl butyl phthalate is not classified but new classification has been suggested based on repro-toxic characteristics.
2-Butoxyethanol, CAS nr. 111-76-2 er klassificeret ”Xn;R20/21/22 Xi;R36/38”.
2-Butoxy-ethanol, CAS no. 111-76-2 is classified ”Xn;R20/21/22 Xi;R36/38”.
2-butoxyethanol absorberes let efter inhalation eller ved oral eller dermal kontakt (IPCS 1998, CICAD 10).
2-butoxy-ethanol is easily absorbed after inhalation or through oral or dermal contact (IPCS 1998, CICAD 10).
2-Butoxyethanol er en glycolether og almindeligt anvendt som opløsningsmiddel i overfladebehandlinger som f.eks. lak og farve.
2-Butoxy-ethanol is a glycolether commonly used as a solvent in surface treatments as for instance varnish and colour.
Stoffet påvises da også i flere af tandbørsterne (6 ud af 10).
The substance is detected in several of the toothbrushes (6 out of 10).
Selv om de relative mængder er lave i screeningen, er fundet bekræftet i en kvantitativ analyse
Even if the relative amounts are low in the screening the detections are confirmed in quantitative analyses.
1-Butoxy-2-propanol (måske bedre kendt under synonymet propylen glycol butyl ether), CAS nr. 5131-66-8 (a-isomer) og 15821-83-7 (b-isomer) er klassificeret ”Xi;R36/38”, dvs. lokalirriterende: irriterer øjne og hud.
1-Butoxy-2-propanol (maybe better known under the synonym propylene glycol butyl ether), CAS no. 5131-66-8 (a-isomer) and 15821-83-7 (bisomer) are classified ”Xi;R36/38”, i.e. Irritatant: irritating to eyes and skin.
Der er fundet en del oplysninger, men ingen synes at være konkluderende mht. effektniveauer.
However, none seems to be conclusive with regard to effect level.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinon, CAS nr. 872-50-4 er klassificeret Xi;R36/38, dvs. lokalirriterende, irriterer øjne og huden.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, CAS no. 872-50-4 is classified Xi;R36/38, i.e. Irritant, irritating to eyes and skin.
Stoffet er mistænkt for at kunne give kontaktdermatitis ved gentagen anvendelse.
The substance is suspected to give contact dermatitis by repeated use.
Stoffet er fundet i fire tandbørster (M-005, M-009, B-004og B-005).
The substance is detected in four of the toothbrushes (M-005, M-009, B-004 and B-005).
De relative mængder fundet i M-005 var høje og lave i de øvrige tandbørster i screeningen.
The relative amounts were high in M-005 and low in the remaining toothbrushes in the screening.
Derfor er fundet bekræftet i en kvantitativ analyse.
The detection is confirmed in a quantitative analysis.
Naphthalen, CAS nr. 91-20-3, er klassificeret Xn;R22, dvs. farlig ved indtagelse.
Naphthalene, CAS no. 91-20-3, is classified Xn;R22, i.e. Harmful if swallowed.
Dyrestudier antyder, at naphthalen let absorberes ved oral eksponering eller inhalation (IARC 2002).
Studies of animals indicate that naphthalene is easily absorbed through oral exposure or inhalation (IARC 2002).
Naphthalen anvendes som mellemprodukt i produktionen af phthalat (”phthalic anhydride”) samt i produktionen af farvestoffer.
Naphthalene is used as an intermediate in the production of phthalate (”phthalic anhydride”) and in the production of dyes.