natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Tabel 7.11 Oversigt over toksikologiske egenskaber samt kritiske effekter for de ti stoffer
Table 7.11 List of toxicological properties and critical effects of the ten substances
● Positive forsøgsresultater/data, ○ Negative forsøgsresultater/data, og - Ingen data.
● Positive test results/data, ○ Negative test results/data, and - no data.
Eksponeringsveje er angivet som følger: I = indtagelse, H =hudkontakt, Ø = øjne, Å = åndedrætsorganer
Exposure pathways are specified as follows: I = ingestion, S =skin contact, E = eyes, R = respiratory organs.
Ø H Å H Å I H Å C M R
I S R E S R S R I S R C M R
- ○ ○ Sundhedsskadelig (I,H)
-○○ Harmful to health (I,S)
○ ○ ○ Sensibilisering (H,Å)
○ ○ ○ Sensitization (S,R)
Tabel 7.12 Oversigt over de ti stoffers regulering.
Table 7.12 List of regulations applying to the ten substances.
Grænseværdi i arbejdsmiljøet
Cosmetic Statutory Order
Max. 2,0% I hårfarvningsmiddel
Max. 2.0% in hair dye
Tilladt som konservering, max. 0,1%
Permitted as preservative, max 0.1%
1) Klassificering fra Listen over farlige stoffer er angivet med fed skrift og klassificering fra Miljøstyrelsen vejledende liste til selvklassificering er angivet med normal skrift.
1) Classifications form the List of Dangerous Substances are specified in bold type and classifications from the Danish EPA's guideline list for self-classification are specified in normal type.
Formand for Fællesrådet for Formnings- og Hobbymaterialer.
Chairman of the Danish Joint Council for Creative and Hobby Materials.
Miljøparametre ved flexografisk trykning.
Environmental parameters relative to flexographic printing.
35 International Agency on the Research on Cancer (IARC).
35 International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
Bekendtgørelse nr. 329 af 23.5.1995 om sikkerhedskrav til legetøj og produkter, som på grund af deres ydre fremtræden kan forveksles med levnedsmidler.
Statutory Order no. 329 of 23.5.1995 on Safety Requirements for Toys and Products which by Virtue of their Outer Appearance Might be Mistaken for Food Products.
Der kunne ikke dokumenteres sammenhæng mellem fund af campylobacter i prøverne og de almindelige badevandsparametre (termotolerante coliforme bakterier og total coliforme bakterier).
Statistical relations between content of Campylobacter and the other microbiological factors cannot be documented.
Tilsvarende gælder for feltmålingerne som vandtemperaturen, vindstyrke, sigtdybde og pH.
The same accounts for the field observations water temperature, wind force, visibility in water and pH.
Ud fra de foretagne undersøgelser kan det konkluderes, at de fundne niveauer af campylobacter i badevand kan udgøre en sundhedsmæssig risiko for badende, idet infektiv dosis er meget lav og de fundne niveauer er relativt høje.
It can be concluded that the content, as found in this screening, of Campylobacter in bathing water might pose a risk to bathers due to low infective doses of campylobacter and high content of campylobacter.
Begge prøver havde høje kimtal og højt indhold af coliforme bakterier og E. coli.
Both samples were high in coliforme count, in E. coli as well as in total count.
I dette projekt er der påvist E.coli i ca. 25% af prøverne og campylobacter i 1,6% af prøverne.
In this project about 25% of the samples from drinking water contain E. coli and 1,6% contain campylobacter.
Afsluttende kan det konkluderes at campylobacter er almindeligt forekommende i badevand, mens de kun optræder sporadisk i drikkevand i Danmark.
Campylobacter is frequently found in bathing water, where as Campylobacter is only sporadic found in drinking water in Denmark.
Problematiske kemiske stoffer i plast
Hazardous substances in plastics
Rapporten præsenterer information om problematiske stoffer i plast herunder information om funktion og anvendelser af stofferne i plast, potentiale for migration og skæbne ved genanvendelse.
The report presents information on hazardous substances in plastics including information on the function and application of the substances in plastics as well as on potential for migration and fate by recycling of plastics.
Der er identificeret 132 kemiske stoffer eller stofgrupper som potentielt kan findes i plast og kan have problematiske egenskaber.
132 chemical substances or substance groups are identified as being potentially present in plastic and these substances could have hazardous properties.
Bilag K: Udvalgte delsmykker til migrationstest
Appendix K: Selected jewellery parts for migration test
I nedenstående to tabeller er vist, hvorledes de udvalgte delsmykker opfylder udvælgelseskriterierne (indhold af tungmetal, belægning, produkttype samt delsmykketype).
In the two tables below is shown how the selected jewellery parts fulfil the criteria for selection (content of heavy metal, coating, product type as well as type of jewellery part).
Det skal påpeges, at det grundet det begrænsede antal indkøbte smykker ikke var muligt at lave en 100% ligelig fordeling.
It shall be emphasized that due to the limited number of purchased jewelleries it was not possible to carry out a 100% equal distribution.
Tabel: De 10 delsmykker udvalgt blandt delsmykker indeholdende over 75 ppm Cd.
Table: The 10 jewellery parts selected among jewellery parts containing above 75 ppm Cd.
Sb indhold for højt.
Sb content too high
A: Polyestertekstil med tereftalat
A: Polyester textile with terephthalate
A: Kridt, højt indhold af Cl (kunne være brandhæmmer), Zn. For højt indhold af Sb (kunne være brandhæmmer)
A: Chalk, high content of Cl (could be fire retardant), Zn. Too high content of Sb (could be fire retardant)
Lyserød plast (C):
Pink plastic (C):
For højt indhold af Pb
Too high content of Pb
Rød strop (D): -
Red strap (D): -
Matrixplot for Principal Component Analysen
Influenza Epidemics Variable
The report defines the substance and present information on the use and occurrence of cybutryne internationally and in Denmark, information on existing regulation, on environmental and health effects, on monitoring and exposure, on waste management and on alternatives to the substances.
The report define the substances groups and present information on the use and occurrence of the alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates, internationally and in Denmark, information on environmental and health effects, on alternatives to the substances, on existing regulation, on monitoring and exposure, waste management and information regarding ongoing activities under REACH, among others.
Kortlægning af kemiske stoffer i tandbørster
Survey of chemical substances in toothbrushes
Bilag B: FT-IR analyseresultater fra screening
Encl. B: FT-IR Analysis results from screening
Bilag C: GC-MS analyseresultater fra screening
Encl. C: GC-MS analysis results from screening
Bilag D: Gløderest og ICP analyseresultater fra screening
Encl. D: Calcined residue and ICP analyse results from screening
Bilag E: GC-MS analyseresultater fra kvantitativ bestemmelse
Encl. E: GC-MS Analysis results from quantitative determination
Projektet Kortlægning og afgivelse af kemiske stoffer i tandbørster er en del af Miljøstyrelsens samlede indsats i forbindelse med kortlægning af kemiske stoffer i forbrugerprodukter.
The project Survey and migration of chemical substances in toothbrushes is a part of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency's (E P A) joint efforts in connection with survey of chemical substances in a number of consumer products.
Projektet er delt i fire faser.
The project is divided into four phases.
Fase 1 ”Kortlægning af markedet for tandbørster, herunder hvilke materialer tandbørster laves af, samt en vurdering af, hvor ofte tandbørster i gennemsnit bliver udskiftet”.
Phase 1 “Survey of the market for toothbrushes, incl. which materials the toothbrushes consist of, together with an assessment showing how often toothbrushes are being replaced, in average”.
Fase 2 ”Kvalitativ analyse af, hvilke stoffer der afgives til kunstigt spyt fra udvalgte tandbørster, samt undersøgelse af, hvilke stoffer der afgives, når der kradses på tandbørstens hårde del”.
Phase 2 “Qualitative analysis showing which substances are being released to artificial saliva from selected toothbrushes, together with an examination of the substances released when scratching the hard part of the toothbrush”.
Jakob Toft Mossing og Kemiteknik v/Cand.
Jakob Toft Mossing and Chemical Technology by Cand.
Nils Bernth i perioden juni - juli 2003.
Nils Bernth in the period June - July 2003.
Fase 3 ”Screening af eventuelle sundhedsskadelige effekter fra stoffer, som afgives fra tandbørster.”
Phase 3 “Screening for possible harmful effects from substances, which are migrated/released from toothbrushes”.
Fase 3 er udført af Teknologisk Institut v/Cand.
Phase 3 has been carried out by Danish Technological Institute by Cand.
Ole Chr. Hansen i perioden juni - juli 2003.
Ole Chr. Hansen in the period June - July 2003.
Fase 4 ”Kvantitativ analyse af udvalgte stoffer afgivet under normal brug af tandbørster, samt vurdering af sundhedseffekter ved de afgivne stoffer og sundhedsrisikoen ved daglig brug af tandbørster”.
Phase 4 “Quantitative analysis of selected substances released during normal use of toothbrushes, together with an assessment of health effects of the released substances and the health risk at daily use of toothbrushes”.
Fase 4 er udført af Teknologisk Institut, Kemiteknik v/Cand.
Phase 4 has been carried out by Danish Technological Institute, Chemical Technology by Cand.
Jakob Toft Mossing og Kemiteknik v/Cand.
Jakob Toft Mossing and Cand.
Nils Bernth samt Cand.
Nils Bernth and Cand.
Ole Chr. Hansen i perioden august - september 2003.
Ole Chr. Hansen in the period August - September 2003.
Der blev nedsat en følgegruppe bestående af:
The project was followed by a steering committee consisting of:
Nanna Svendsen, Teknologisk Institut, Plastteknologi (projektleder)
Nanna Svendsen, Plastics Technology (project manager)
Rapporten er skrevet af:
Written report prepared by:
Nils Bernth, uorganisk kemi
Nils Bernth, inorganic chemistry
Jakob Toft Mossing, organisk kemi
Jakob Toft Mossing, organic chemistry
Ole Christian Hansen, sundhedsvurdering
Ole Christian Hansen, health assessment
Som et led i Miljøstyrelsens kortlægning af kemiske stoffer i en række forbrugerprodukter ønskes viden om, hvilke stoffer der indgår i og afgives fra tandbørster.
As a part of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency's survey of chemical substances in a number of consumer products, knowledge of which substances are contained in and migrates from the toothbrushes is requested.
Projektet Kortlægning og afgivelse af kemiske stoffer i tandbørster er udført i fire faser.
The project Survey and migration of chemical substances in toothbrushes is carried out in four phases.
Undersøgelsen omfatter kortlægning af markedet, kvalitative og kvantitative analyser samt sundhedsmæssig vurdering af eventuelle sundhedsskadelige effekter fra stoffer, som afgives fra tandbørster.
The examination includes survey of the market, qualitative and quantitative analyses and health evaluation of possible harmful effects from substances, which migrate from the toothbrushes.
Fase 1 omhandler undersøgelse af tandbørstemarkedet i Danmark.
Phase 1 concerns examination of the toothbrush market in Denmark.
Disse oplysninger er fremskaffet ad fire veje: · Søgning via Internettet
This information has been procured from four sources: · Search via the Internet
· Indkøb af tandbørster i dagligvare- og specialbutikker · Ved kontakt til leverandører og producenter, hvis identitet fremgik af em
· Purchase of toothbrushes in groceries and specialist shops · Through contact to suppliers and producers, whose identity appeared
· Ved kontakt til et udvalg af relevante foreninger og organisationer
· Through contact to a range of relevant shops and organisations
De forhandles primært i dagligvarebutikker landet over.
They are primarily sold in groceries throughout the country.
Producenterne oplyser, at de fleste almindelige tandbørster er lavet af termoplast, f.eks. polypropylen, SAN (Styren-acrylnitril-copolymer) eller andre styrencopolymerer.
According to the producers' information most of the common toothbrushes are made of thermoplastic, e.g. polypropylene, SAN (Styrene-Acrylic Nitrilecopolymer) or other styrene copolymers.
Børstehårene er af polyamid.
The bristles are made of polyamide.
De oplyser endvidere, at de farvestoffer, der er brugt ved fremstilling af tandbørster, er godkendt til fødevarebrug, og de har alle en politik om ikke at anvende materialer eller emballage indeholdende phthalater.
Furthermore, they inform that the dye used when manufacturing the toothbrushes is approved for foodstuff use, and they all have a policy not to use materials or packaging containing phthalates.
Der er foretaget følgende analyser:
The following analyses have been carried out:
· Screening vha. FT-IR for identifikation af antioxidanter, polymertyper, phthalater og i nogen udstrækning uorganiske farvestoffer på alle 26 indkøbte tandbørstetyper.
· Screening by means of FT-IR for identification of antioxidants, types of polymer, phthalates and - to a certain extent - inorganic pigments of all 26 types of purchased toothbrushes
Ved enkelte af skafterne er der fundet mindre mængder additiver i polypropylen materialet.
At some of the handles smaller amounts of additives are identified in the polypropylene material.
Ved alle de undersøgte tandbørster er børsterne fremstillet af polyamid, der ud fra FT-IR analysen vurderes at være ens.
The brushes of all the examined toothbrushes are made of polyamide, which are evaluated to be identical - according to the FT-IR analysis.
Ved en efterfølgende GC-MS screening af 10 udvalgte tandbørster findes næsten 80 forskellige forbindelser.
At a subsequent GC-MS screening of 10 chosen toothbrushes almost 80 different compounds are identified.
Udvælgelsen er baseret på stoffernes klassifikation og beskrivelse af effekter, som kan være potentielt problematiske for forbrugeren, hvis afgivelsen (migrationen) af stofferne fra tandbørsterne er for stor.
The selection is based on the classification of the substances and description of effects that potentially may cause concern to the consumer, if the concentration of the migrated substances from the toothbrushes is found to be too high.
Sammenholdt med resultaterne fra FT-IR screeningerne, hvor der er identificeret et højt indhold af kridt, måles tilsvarende et højt indhold af calcium ved ICP-MS screeningen foruden i mange tilfælde også et højt indhold af magnesium.
Compared with the results from the FT-IR screenings, at which a high amount of chalk has been identified, a high amount of calcium has been found at the ICP-MS-screenings.
Titan er målt i hovedparten af tandbørsterne og indgår som et hvidt pigment i form af titandioxid.
The deposit of calcium and/or magnesium in the toothbrushes probably derives from the use of chalk or dolomite as fillers.
I enkelte tilfælde er der påvist et højt indhold af kobber, nikkel og zink foruden spor af mangan.
In some cases a high amount of copper, nickel and zinc and traces of manganese has been found.
Disse grundstoffer må formodes at stamme fra metaltråd eller tilsvarende til fastgørelse af børsterne på tandbørsten eller fra mekaniske dele i tilfælde af mundstykker til elektriske tandbørster.
These elements presumably derive from metal thread or otherwise for fastening the brushes on the toothbrush or from the mechanical parts in electrical toothbrush heads.
Fase 3 omhandler screening af eventuelle sundhedsskadelige effekter fra stoffer, som afgives fra tandbørster.
Phase 3 deals with screening for possible harmful effects from substances, which migrate from the toothbrushes.
Der er foretaget screening af de stoffer, der er identificeret ved GC-MS-analyserne.
A screening has been made of the substances, which have been identified by the GC-MS-analyses.
Screeningen er baseret på litteraturoplysninger og har til formål at sikre, at de stoffer, som der fokuseres på ved de kvantitative analyser, er de mest relevante.
The screening is based on a literature survey in order to secure that the substances focused on at the quantitative analyses are the most relevant.
Det blev foreslået, at der udtages 5 tandbørster til en kvantitativ analyse.
It was suggested to select 5 toothbrushes for a quantitative analysis.
Forslaget til udvælgelsen var baseret på de fundne stoffer og de fundne beskrivelser af effekter, der kan have betydning for brugerens sundhed, når tandbørsterne anvendes.
The suggested selection was based on the identified substances and the found descriptions of effects, which might be important for the consumer's use of the toothbrushes.
Sundhedsvurderingen er baseret på en specifik kvantitativ analyse af migrerede (udvaskede) mængder af følgende stoffer fra de 5 udvalgte tandbørster:
The health assessment was based on a specific quantitative analysis of the amount of the following migrated (released) substances from the 5 selected toothbrushes:
Disse referenceværdier var baseret på etablerede eller foreslåede ADI, TDI eller RfD værdier.
These reference values were based on established or suggested ADI, TDI or RfD values.
Der er i vurderingerne ikke taget hensyn til, at der kan være specielt følsomme forbrugere (allergikere eller lignende), der alligevel vil kunne få problemer med visse tandbørster.
The evaluation does not comprise sensitive consumers (allergic or the like), who might experience problems using some of the toothbrushes.
As a part of the Danish E.
Sammenfatning og konklusioner
A screening has been made of the agents, which have been identified by the GC-MS-analyses.
Der er foretaget screening af de stoffer, der er identificeret ved GC-MS-analyserne.
Acceptabel daglig indtag.
Acceptable Daily Intake.
Estimeret indtag som antages ikke at have skadelig effekt.
Estimated intake, which is assumed not to have any adverse effects.
Kan være akut eller kronisk.
Can be acute or chronic.
Median effekt koncentration, dvs. den koncentration hvor 50% af forsøgsdyrene viser en effekt
Median effect concentration, i.e. the concentration where effects are observed in 50% of the test animals Hour(s)
Median letal koncentration, dvs. den koncentration hvor 50% af forsøgsdyrene er døde
Median lethal concentration, i.e. the concentration where 50% of the test animals are dead
Median letal dosis, dvs. den dosis hvor 50% af forsøgsdyrene er døde
Median lethal dose, i.e. the dose where 50% of the test animals are dead
Maksimaler Arbeitsplatz Konzentration: Grænseværdi for arbejdsmiljø defineret af tyske arbejdsmiljømyndigheder
Limit value for working environment defined by German working environment authorities
En koncentration (f.eks. µg/m3), som er et estimat af en daglig eksponering ved inhalation, som antages uden væsentlig skadelig effekt ved inhalation over et menneskes levetid.
A concentration in air (e.g. µg/m3) which is an estimate of a daily exposure by inhalation that is assumed to be without adverse effects by inhalation during a human lifetime.
Oral Reference Dosis, som er et estimat af en daglig indtagelse ( f.eks. µg/kg lgv/d), som antages uden væsentlig skadelig effekt ved indtagelse over et menneskes levetid.
RfD Oral reference Dose, which is an estimate of a daily exposure by intake (e.g. µg/kg bw/day) that is assumed to be without adverse effects by intake during a human lifetime.
Tolerabel daglig indtag.
Tolerable daily intake.
Estimeret indtag som antages ikke at have skadelig effekt.
Estimated as intake that is assumed not to have any adverse effects.
TGD Technical Guidance Document: EU vejledning i risikovurdering af kemiske stoffer
TGD Technical Guidance Document: EU guidance in risk assessment of chemicals
Tandbørster er produkter, som anvendes ca. to gange dagligt af stort set alle mennesker i Danmark.
Toothbrushes are products, which are used approx. two times daily by almost all people in Denmark.
Kemiske stoffer i tandbørster er derfor stoffer, som man som forbruger kan blive eksponeret for, hvis stofferne afgives.
Consequently, chemical substances in toothbrushes are substances, to which the consumers might be exposed, in case the substances are released.
Tandbørster kommes i munden, og små børn kommer i mange tilfælde også den forkerte ende af tandbørsten i munden og kommer til at bide i og sutte på tandbørsten i længere tid.
Toothbrushes are put in the mouth, and many times small children also put the wrong end of the toothbrush in the mouth and bite into and suck the toothbrush for a rather long time.
Eksponeringen for kemiske stoffer fra tandbørster sker ved indtagelse gennem munden og ved hudkontakt.
The expose for chemical substances from toothbrushes takes place by ingestion through the mouth and at skin contact.
Eksponeringen kan ske til mennesker i alle aldre.
The exposure can happen to all people at all ages.
Det er muligt at købe tandbørster i mange forskellige udformninger, især til børn.
It is possible to buy toothbrushes in many different designs, particularly to children.
Tandbørster til børn kan være udformet som forskellige små figurer og kan i nogle tilfælde minde om legetøj.
Toothbrushes for children are often designed like various small figures, and sometimes they remind of toys.
Legetøj er defineret som produkter, der klart er konstrueret eller bestemt til legeformål for børn under 14 år.
Toys are defined as products, which are clearly designed and intended for playing purpose for children under 14 years.
Tandbørster udformet med figurer vurderes dog umiddelbart ikke som værende legetøj, da børstens primære formål er at børste tænderne med.
However, toothbrushes designed with figures are not immediately evaluated to be toys, as the primary purpose of the brush is to brush the teeth.
Det er i dag forbudt at fremstille, importere og sælge legetøj og visse småbørnsartikler til børn i alderen 0-3 år, hvis produkterne indeholder mere end 0,05 vægtprocent phthalater.
Today, it is prohibited to produce, import or sell toys and some infants' articles to children at the age of 0-3 years, if the products contain more than 0.05 weight% phthalates.
I nogle tandbørster kan der måske forekomme blødgjort PVC eller trykfarve indeholdende phthalater.
In some toothbrushes plasticised PVC or printing ink containing phthalates might also occur.
Af andre umiddelbare problematiske stoffer, der kunne tænkes at findes i tandbørster, er nikkel.
Nickel is another immediately problematic substance, which might be found in toothbrushes.
Nikkel udgør et patientproblem i form af nikkelallergi, derfor har Sundhedsministeriet pålagt dentalmaterialer til f.eks. tandkroner og broer en øvre grænseværdi for nikkelindhold på max 0,05%.
Nickel constitutes a problem for the patients in the form of nickel allergy, for which reason the Ministry of Health has dictated an upper threshold limit value for nickel content of max. 0.05% Ni for dental materials for e.g. crowns of teeth and bridges.
Nikkel anvendes i nogle tandbørster til fastgørelse af børstehårene, og der er derfor også screenet for nikkel.
In some toothbrushes nickel is used for fixation of the bristles, and therefore a screening for Ni has also been carried out.
Formålet med dette projekt er at vurdere eksponeringen af kemiske stoffer fra tandbørster.
The purpose of this project is to evaluate the exposure of chemical substances from toothbrushes.
Det er undersøgt, hvilke kemiske stoffer der anvendes i tandbørster, og, hvis det er stoffer, der giver grund til bekymring, om disse afgives under brug.
It has been examined, which chemical substances are used in toothbrushes, and, - in case these substances gave rise to concern - whether they were released when being used.
I undersøgelsen indgik både børnetandbørster, som er udformet med figurer, elektriske tandbørster og andre tandbørster.
The examination comprised children's toothbrushes, designed with figures, electrical toothbrushes and other toothbrushes.
Der er i projektet primært fokuseret på tandbørster til børn.
In the project the primary focus has been on toothbrushes for children.