natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 5 ud af 15 produkter, og selv om koncentrationerne er moderate, er det besluttet at vurdere stoffet nærmere.
The substance was detected in extracts from 5 out of 15 products and even if the concentrations were moderate a further evaluation is decided.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 3 produkter i lave koncentrationer.
The substance was detected in extracts from 3 products at low concentrations.
1-Butoxy-2-propanol, CAS nr. 5131-66-8, er klassificeret Xi;R36/38, dvs. lokalirriterende (Irriterer øjnene og huden).
1-Butoxy-2-propanol, CAS no. 5131-66-8, is classified Xi;R36/38, i.e. Irritant (Irritating to eyes and skin).
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 2 produkter.
The substance was detected in extracts from 2 products.
Butylacetat, CAS nr. 123-86-4, er klassificeret R10 R66 R67, dvs. Brandfarlig.
Butylacetate, CAS no. 123-86-4, is classified R10 R66 R67, i.e. Flammable.
Gentagen udsættelse kan give tør eller revnet hud.
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
Klassificeringen henviser til effekter fra det rene stof og er derfor vurderet mindre relevant i denne forbindelse.
The classification refers to effects from the pure substance and is therefore considered less relevant in this context.
Cyclohexanol, CAS nr. 108-93-0, er klassificeret Xn;R20/22 Xi;R37/38, dvs. både sundhedsskadeligt og lokalirriterende (Farlig ved indånding og ved indtagelse.
Cyclohexanol, CAS no. 108-93-0, is classified Xn;R20/22 Xi;R37/38, i.e. both harmful and irritating (Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
Stoffet forekom i ekstraktet fra 1 produkter i sporniveau.
The substance was detected in the extract from 1 product at trace level.
Cyclohexanon, CAS nr. 108-94-1, er klassificeret R10 Xn;R20, dvs. Brandfarlig og Farlig ved indånding.
Cyclohexanone, CAS no. 108-94-1, is classified R10 Xn;R20, i.e. Flammable and Harmful by inhalation.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 2 produkter i moderate mængder.
The substance was detected in extracts from 2 products at moderate levels.
Men for at kunne vurdere niveauet er stoffet taget med til en yderligere vurdering.
To evaluate the level the substance has been included for a further evaluation.
Dibutyl phthalat (DBP), CAS nr. 84-74-2, er klassificeret Repr.
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), CAS no. 84-74-2, is classified Repr.
3;R62 N;R50, dvs. Kan skade barnet under graviditeten, Mulighed for skade på forplantningsevnen og Meget giftig for organismer, der lever i vand.
3;R62 N;R50, i.e. May cause harm to the unborn child, Possible risk of impaired fertility and Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
Stoffet er således alvorligt klassificeret for et stof der kan ekstraheres fra et stykke legetøj.
The substance is thus classified seriously for a substance that can be extracted from a toy.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 4 produkter, men i meget lave koncentrationer.
The substance was detected in extracts from 4 products but at very low concentrations.
Diethylhexylphthalat (DEHP), CAS nr. 117-81-7, er klassificeret Repr.
Diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), CAS no. 117-81-7, is classified Repr.
2;R60-61, dvs. Kan skade forplantningsevnen og Kan skade barnet under graviditeten.
2;R60-61, i.e. May impair fertility and May cause harm to the unborn child.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 1 produkter i sporniveau.
The substance was detected in extracts from 1 product at trace level.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 8 ud af 15 produkter.
was detected in the extracts from 8 out of 15 products.
Alle de målte koncentrationer er dog lave, og stoffet er derfor vurderet ikke at være en kandidat til nærmere vurdering.
All the measured concentrationswere low and the substance therefore not considered a candidate for further evaluation.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 7 ud af 15 produkter.
The substance was detected in extracts from 7 out of 15 products.
Selv om koncentrationerne er lave, er stoffet udtaget til nærmere vurdering.
Even if the concentrations are low the substance is selected for further evaluation.
Stoffets molekylstruktur er identisk med næste stof:
The molecular structure of the substance is identical to the following substance:
De to stoffer optræder på skift i samtlige produkter og en nærmere vurdering er derfor foretaget.
The two substances appear to alternate in all products and a further evaluation is therefore performed.
N,N-Dimethylformamid, CAS nr. 68-12-2, er klassificeret Repr.
N,N-Dimethylformamide, CAS no. 68-12-2, is classified Repr.
2;R61 Xn;R20/21 Xi;R36, dvs. Kan skade barnet under graviditeten.
2;R61 Xn;R20/21 Xi;R36, i.e. May cause harm to the unborn child.
Farlig ved indånding og ved hudkontakt og Irriterer øjnene.
Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin and Irritating to eyes.
En alvorlig klassifikation, men stoffet forekom kun i 1 produkt og i sporniveau.
A serious classification but the substance was detected only in 1 product and at trace level.
2-Ethoxyethanol, CAS nr. 110-80-5, er klassificeret R10 Repr.
2-Ethoxyethanol, CAS no. 110-80-5, is classified R10 Repr.
2;R60-61 Xn;R20/21/22, dvs. Brandfarlig, Kan skade forplantningsevnen, Kan skade barnet under graviditeten, Farlig ved indånding, ved hudkontakt og ved indtagelse.
2;R60-61 Xn;R20/21/22, i.e. Flammable, May impair fertility, May cause harm to the unborn child, Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 2 produkter, men på grund af klassifikationen blev det udtaget til nærmere vurdering.
The substance was detected in extracts from 2 products but due to the classification it was selected for further evaluation.
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-ethanol (= diethylene glycol ether), CAS nr. 111-90-0, er ikke klassificeret i Listen over farlige stoffer.
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-ethanol (= diethylene glycol ether), CAS no. 111-90-0, is not classified in the List of dangerous substances.
Stoffet forekom i 4 produkter i moderate til høje koncentrationer.
The substance was detected in the extracts from 4 products at moderate to high concentrations.
Det er derfor udtaget til nærmere vurdering.
The substance is therefore selected for further evaluation.
3;R63, dvs. Mulighed for skade på barnet under graviditeten.
3;R63, i.e. Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 1 produkt i meget lav koncentration.
The substance was detected in extracts from 1 product at a very low concentration.
Formamid, CAS nr. 75-12-7, er klassificeret Repr.
Formamide, CAS no. 75-12-7, is classified Repr.
2;R61, dvs. Kan skade barnet under graviditeten.
2;R61, i.e. May cause harm to the unborn child.
Klassifikationen er alvorlig, og da stoffet forekommer i ekstrakter fra 2 produkter i moderate mængder, er det udvalgt til nærmere vurdering.
The classification is serious and since the substance is detected in the extracts from 2 products at moderate concentrations it is selected for further evaluation.
Furfural, CAS nr. 98-01-1, er klassificeret Carc.
Furfural, CAS no. 98-01-1, is classified Carc.
Hexansyre, CAS nr. 142-62-1, er ikke optaget på Listen over farlige stoffer.
Hexanoic acid, CAS no. 142-62-1, is not adopted on the List of dangerous substances.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 12 ud af 15 produkter i lave til moderate koncentrationer.
The substance was detected in extracts from 12 out of 15 products at low to moderate concentrations.
Derfor er stoffet udtaget til nærmere vurdering.
Therefore, the substance is selected for further evaluation.
2-Methoxyethanol, CAS nr. 109-86-4, er klassificeret R10 Repr.
2-Methoxyethanol, CAS no. 109-86-4, is classified R10 Repr.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 1 produkt.
The substance was detected in extracts from 1 product.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon, CAS nr. 872-50-4, er klassificeret Xi;R36/38, dvs. lokalirriterende (Irriterer øjnene og huden).
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, CAS no. 872-50-4, is classified Xi; R36/38, i.e. Irritant (Irritating to eyes and skin).
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 5 produkter i moderate til høje koncentrationer.
The substance was detected in extracts from 5 products at moderate to high concentrations.
Stoffet er derfor udtaget til nærmere vurdering.
Therefore, the substance is selected for further evaluation.
Phenol, CAS nr. 108-95-2, er klassificeret Mut.
Phenol, CAS no. 108-95-2, is classified Muta.
Klassificeringen er meget alvorlig, men stoffet forekom kun i ekstrakter fra 1 produkt og i sporniveau.
The classification is very serious but the substance was only detected in extracts from 1 product and at trace level.
Derfor er stoffet ikke udtaget.
Therefore the substance is not selected.
Phthalsyre anhydrid, CAS nr. 85-44-9, er klassificeret Xn;R22 Xi;R37/38-41 R42/43, dvs. Farlig ved indtagelse, Irriterer åndedrætsorganerne og huden, Risiko for alvorlig øjenskade, Kan give overfølsomhed ved indånding og ved kontakt med huden.
Phthalic acid anhydride, CAS no. 85-44-9, is classified Xn;R22 Xi;R37/38-41 R42/43, i.e. Harmful if swallowed, Irritating to respiratory system and skin, Risk of serious damage to eyes, May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 4 produkter: i sporniveau i de 3 og lav koncentration i 1 produkt.
The substance was detected in extracts from 4 products: at trace level in 3 and at low concentration in 1 product.
3;R63 Xn;R48/20-65 Xi;R38 R67, dvs. Meget brandfarlig, Mulighed for skade på barnet under graviditeten, Farlig: alvorlig sundhedsfare ved længere tids påvirkning ved indånding, Farlig: kan give lungeskade ved indtagelse, Irriterer huden og Dampe kan give sløvhed og svimmelhed.
3;R63 Xn;R48/20-65 Xi;R38 R67, i.e. Highly flammable, Possible risk of harm to the unborn child, Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed, Irritating to skin and Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 2 produkter men i lave koncentrationer.
The substance was detected in extracts from 2 products but at low concentrations.
3;R40 Xn;R21/22 Xi;R36/37, dvs. Mulighed for kræftfremkaldende effekt, Farlig ved hudkontakt og ved indtagelse, Irriterer øjnene og åndedrætsorganerne.
3;R40 Xn;R21/22 Xi;R36/37, i.e. Limited evidence of carcinogenic effects, Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed, Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.
På grund af den strenge klassifikation er stoffet medtaget til nærmere vurdering.
Due to the strict classification the substance has been included for further evaluation.
Vanillin, CAS nr. 121-33-5, er ikke klassificeret i Listen over farlige stoffer.
Vanillin, CAS no. 121-33-5, is not classified in the List of dangerous substances.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 12 ud af 15 produkter, og selv om koncentrationerne var lave er stoffet taget ud til nærmere vurdering.
The substance was detected in extracts from 12 out of 15 products and even if the concentrations were low the substance has been selected for further evaluation.
Xylen, CAS nr. 95-47-6, er klassificeret R10 Xn;R20/21 Xi;R38, dvs.
Xylene, CAS no. 95-47-6, is classified R10 Xn;R20/21 Xi;R38, i.e.
Brandfarlig, Farlig ved indånding og ved hudkontakt og Irriterer huden.
Flammable, Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin and Irritating to skin.
Stoffet forekom i ekstrakter fra 2 produkter i sporniveau.
The substance was detected in extracts from 2 products at trace level.
Opsummering af udvalgte stoffer
Summary of selected substances
Til vurdering af enkeltstoffer er nedennævnte kemiske stoffer udvalgt i samarbejde med Miljøstyrelsen.
For evaluation of individual substances the following substances have been selected in co-operation with the Danish Environmental Protection Agency.
Af organiske stoffer:
Of organic substances:
2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol Cyclohexanon
2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol Cyclohexanone
Af uorganiske stoffer:
Of inorganic substances:
Der er foretaget en screening af eventuelle sundhedsskadelige effekter fra stoffer, som afgives fra overfladebehandlet trælegetøj.
A screening of potential health hasardous effects from substances released (migrated) from surface treated wooden toys has been performed.
Efter at de kvalitative analyser er gennemført, vurderes de fremkomne resultater.
After the quantitative analyses are carried out the appeared results are evaluated.
Data om de enkelte stoffer i form af NOAEL, LOAEL eller andre relevante data anvendes i det omfang, de er tilgængelige.
Data on individual substances such as NOAEL, LOAEL or other relevant data are used to the extent they are available.
Alternativt anvendes QSAR-data for stoffer, der ikke er fundet data på.
Alternatively, QSAR data are used for substances where no data are found.
Til vurdering af sundhedsrisikoen ved brug af trælegetøj vurderes et udvalg af de fundne stoffers effekter på sundheden i forhold til den relevante eksponeringstid og eksponeringsvej for forbrugeren af legetøjet.
To the assessment of the health risk from the use of wooden toys, a selection of effects on health by the detected substances are evaluated in relation to the relevant exposure duration and exposure route to the consumer of the toy.
Den gennemsnitlige potentielle eksponeringstid, dvs. den tid barnet er vågent og ikke spiser, var 10 timer/dag for børn under 2 år og 10,7 timer/dag for børn mellem 2 og 3 år i en amerikansk undersøgelse (Kiss 2001).
The average potential exposure duration, i.e. the period where the child is awake and not eating is 10 hours/day for children under 2 years of age and 10.7 hours/day for children between 2 and 3 years of age in an American study (Kiss 2001).
I en hollandsk undersøgelse var tiden 8-9 timer for børn mellem 3-36 måneder (Groot et al. 1998, tabel 5).
In a Dutch study, the period was 8 to 9 hours for children between 3 and 36 months of age (Groot et al. 1998, table 5).
Det orale indtag vil være stærkt afhængigt af eksponeringstiden, dvs. hvor ofte og hvor længe anbringes legetøjet i munden.
The oral intake strongly depends on the exposure duration, i.e. how often and for how long the toy is placed in the mouth.
Det spørgsmål er især blevet undersøgt i forbindelse med vurderingen af eksponeringen for phthalater i plastiklegetøj.
That question has been studied especially in connection to the assessment of the exposure to phthalates in plastic toys.
Undersøgelser af børns adfærd med at putte ting inklusivt fingre i munden er f.eks. foretaget i flere studier.
Studies on the behaviour of children mouthing subjects including fingers have for instance been performed in several studies.
Groot et al. (1998) undersøgte 42 børn mellem 3 og 36 måneder og Juberg et al. (2001) undersøgte 385 børn mellem 0 og 36 måneder.
Groot et al. (1998) studied 42 children between 3 and 36 months of age and Juberg et al. (2001) studied 385 children between 0 and 36 months of age.
Deres undersøgelser viser, at de yngste børn putter ting i munden hyppigere end ældre børn (tabel 5).
Their studies show that the youngest children mouth subjects more often than older children do (table 5).
Tabel 5 Gennemsnitligt tid af legetøj i munden (minutter) og eksponeringstid (timer) per dag (Groot et al. 1998)
Table 5 Average period of toys in the mouth (minutes) and exposure duration (hours) per day (Groot et al. 1998)
Gennemsnitlig eksponeringstid (timer/dag)
Average exposure duration (hours/day)
Legetøj beregnet til at putte i munden, min/d
Toy suitable to put in the mouth, min/d
Legetøj puttet i munden, min/d.
Toys mouthed, min/d.
3-6 måneder 6-12 måneder 12-18 måneder 18-36 måneder * andet end sut, bidering el.lign.
3-6 months 6-12 months 12-18 months 18-36 months *: Other than comforter, teething ring etc.
Der blev fundet en skævhed, idet få børn havde ting i munden i lang tid, og mange børn havde ting i munden i kort tid eller slet ikke.
He found a skewness in exposure as few children mouthed objects for a long period and many children mouthed objects for a short time or not at all.
I et engelsk studium af børns adfærd med at putte ting i munden er studeret 236 børn i alderen 1 måned til 5 år (DTI 2002).
In a British study on the mouthing behaviour of children, 236 children at the age of 1 month to5 years were studied (DTI 2002).
Her blev der fundet et toppunkt i 9 måneders alderen, hvis man alene ser på perioden 0-3 år (tabel 6).
The study found a peak at the age of 9 months when only observing the period of 0 to 3 years of age (table 6).
Tabel 6 Estimeret maksimal daglig oral eksponering (timer : min) (DTI 2002) Alder, måneder
Table 6 Estimated maximum daily oral exposure (hours : min) (DTI 2002) Age, months
Eksponeringstiden for leg med trælegetøj kan variere meget, men det mest almindelige antages at være flere kortvarige anvendelser, der kan variere fra få til mange minutter.
The exposure duration for playing with wooden toys may vary considerably but most common is assumed to be several short-term uses that may vary from a few to many minutes.
I denne undersøgelse er det især eksponeringen via oral indtagelse, dvs. eksponering efter at have puttet legetøjet i munden og suttet på det, bidt i det osv. hos børn i 0-36 måneders alderen, der er fokuseret på.
This study especially focuses on the oral exposure, i.e. exposure after mouthing the toy and sucked on it, biting it etc. by children of 0 to 36 months of age.
I CSTEE vurderingen af eksponeringen for plast blødgørere anbefaledes en eksponeringstid på 3 timer i vurderingen af migrerede phthalater på børn (CSTEE 1998).
In the CSTEE evaluation on exposure to plasticisers was recommended an exposure period of 3 hours in the assessment of migrated phthalates to children (CSTEE 1998).
Baseret på ovenstående iagttagelser, som tyder på at børn i 3-36 måneders alderen putter legetøj i munden i gennemsnitligt 70 minutter og maksimalt (90% fraktil) på 3 timer og CSTEEs anbefaling, er der i vurderingen i dette projekt valgt en eksponering på 3 timer/dag som et rimeligt ”worst case” scenarium.
Based on the above observations/studies which indicate that children at the age of 3 to 36 months mouth toys at an average of 70 minutes and at maximum (90 percentile) of 3 hours and the recommendation of CSTEE, the assessment in this project has selected an exposure duration of 3 hours/day as a reasonable worst case scenario.
Da eksponeringen opgøres i mg/kg legemsvægt er det vurderet, hvilken legemsvægt der ville være et rimeligt gennemsnit for børn.
Since the exposure is given in mg/kg body weight it is evaluated which body weight that would be an appropriate average for children.
undersøgelse i Bremmer og van Veen (2002) og US EPA (2002).
Bremmer and van Veen (2002) and US-EPA (2002) have been obtained.
Resultaterne er præsenteret i tabel 7 nedenfor.
The results are presented in table 7, below).
Tabel 7 Kropsvægt Reference
Table 7 Body weight of children Reference
Bremmer og van Veen 2002 n= 42
Bremmer and van Veen 2002 n = 42
2-6 måneder 7-12 måneder 1 år 2 år 3 år 4 år 1-3 år
2-6 months 7-12 months 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 1-3 years
Det vides ikke, om forskellene på hollandske og amerikanske børn er reel eller et resultat af udvalget af børn og forskelligt antal.
Whether the differences between Dutch and American children is actual or a result of the selection of children and variation in numbers are unknown.
I CSTEE vurderingen af eksponeringen for plast blødgørere anbefaledes en legemsvægt på 8 kg i vurderingen af migrerede phthalater på børn (CSTEE 1998).
In the CSTEE evaluation of the exposure to plasticisers was recommended a body weight of 8 kg in the assessment of migrated phthalates on children (CSTEE 1998).
Da der her især er taget hensyn til helt små børn, kan denne vægt være lidt for lavt til dette projekts målgruppe.
As the study especially relates to very small children that weight may be a little too low for the target group of this project.
Desuden tyder det på, at vægten er baseret på Bremmer og van Veen / Groot et al. undersøgelserne.
The study further is indicated to be based on the Bremmer and van Veen / Groot et al. studies.
Af hensyn til realistisk ”worst case” anvendes der derfor i dette projekt ved beregningerne med en antaget legemsvægt på 10 kg for børn på basis af den langt større amerikanske undersøgelse (US EPA 2002) og med at toppunkt i 9 måneders alderen med at putte genstande i munden (DTI 2002).
In regard of realistic worst case, this project therefore in the calculations uses an assumed body weight of 10 kg for children based on the far more extensive American study (US-EPA 2002) and a peak of mouthing behaviour at 9 months of age (DTI 2002).
At trælegetøj kan være indkøbt eller beregnet for lidt ældre børn, udelukker ikke at yngre søskende kan eller vil få fat i det.
That wooden toys may be purchased or intended for a little older child does not exclude the possibility that younger children may or will get hold of the toys.
Det blev ved screeningen klart, at nogen af de fundne stoffer var flygtige stoffer, hvorfor en eksponering kunne tænkes at være via inhalation.
During the screening it was realised that some the detected substances were volatile substances and an exposure via inhalation possible.
Denne eksponeringsvej er dog vurderet at være mindre væsentlig i denne sammenhæng.
However, this exposure route is considered to be less essential in this context.
Eksponering af huden (dermal eksponering) må anses for relevant, da trælegetøj er specifikt beregnet til ”håndtering”.
Exposure of the skin (dermal exposure) is considered relevant as wooden toys are specifically intended to ”handling”.
Der er primært tale om eksponering af huden på hænderne.
The primary exposure is to the skin of the hands.
Indtagelse via munden (oral indtag) er antaget potentielt at udgøre det største problem for små børn under 3 år, dels fordi denne aldersgruppe er kendt for at putte ting i munden, men også kan tænkes at sutte på fingrene efter de har været i kontakt med legetøjet og derved overføre eventuel afsætning på hænderne til munden.
Intake vi the mouth (oral intake) is assumed potentially to present the largest concern for children under 3 years of age, partly because this age group is known to mouth objects but they may also suck on fingers after having touched the toy and thereby transfer potential contamination from the hands to the mouth.
Optagelsen via inhalation, oral eller dermal eksponering vil være stofspecifik og derfor afhængig af, hvilke stoffer der er fundet afgivet fra trælegetøjet.
Uptake via inhalation, oral or dermal exposure will be substance specific and therefore depend on which substances that are detected released from the toy.
Hvis der ikke har kunnet findes oplysninger om de enkelte stoffers specifikke optagelse via inhalation, hudkontakt eller over mundhule/slimhinder, er det antaget, at optagelsen er 100%.
If no information was available on the specific uptake of the individual substances via inhalation, by dermal contact or via moth / mucous membranes an uptake of 100% is assumed.
I undersøgelsen er der udvalgt 14 specifikke stoffer i samarbejde med Miljøstyrelsen.
In the study, 14 specific substances have been selected in co-operation with the Danish Environmental Protection Agency.
Udvælgelsen er baseret på stoffernes klassificering og antal og størrelsen af den målte koncentration i spytekstraktionerne.
The selection is based on the classification of the substances, number of detections and the level of the measured concentration in the saliva extracts.
De udvalgte stoffer er gennemgået enkeltvis efter en gennemgang af vurderingsmetoden (se nedenfor).
The selected substances have been reviewed individually after a presentation of the assessment method (cf. below).
- Stoffets anvendelse for eventuelt at antyde, hvor kilden til stoffets tilstedeværelse potentielt kunne være.
• The use of the substance in order to evaluate where the potential source of the substance might be.
- Stoffets effekter på sundheden er opsummeret, dels akutte effektniveauer men også effektniveauer fra langtidsstudier, hvis de er tilgængelige.
• The effects of the substances on human health have been summarised, partly acute effect levels but also effect levels from long-term studies, if available.
(Det bør bemærkes, at grænseværdierne for arbejdsmiljø alene dækker koncentrationer af stoffet i luften i arbejdsmiljø, ikke hos forbrugere i eget hjem).
It should be noted that TLV values cover the concentration in air in the working environment and not the air in consumers' own homes.