natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Internal QA mechanisms
A. Internal QA mechanisms
Your rapporteur stresses the need for the continuous use of internal and external assessment results from programmes and institutions as the basis for the next cyclical assessment.
Your rapporteur stresses the need for the continuous use of internal and external assessment results from programmes and institutions as the basis for the next cyclical assessment.
This is fundamental to the systematic improvement of performance in higher education institutions, and for the constant development of quality culture.
This is fundamental to the systematic improvement of performance in higher education institutions, and for the constant development of quality culture.
Your rapporteur welcomes the working out of a common set of standards, procedures and guidelines for QA in accordance with the Berlin Mandate (September 2003), in which the European Ministers for Education called on the European Network for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA) to develop such a system and to examine the possibilities for guaranteeing an appropriate peer review process for QA and/or accreditation agencies and establishments.
Your rapporteur welcomes the working out of a common set of standards, procedures and guidelines for QA in accordance with the Berlin Mandate (September 2003), in which the European Ministers for Education called on the European Network for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA) to develop such a system and to examine the possibilities for guaranteeing an appropriate peer review process for QA and/or accreditation agencies and establishments.
Your rapporteur also stresses that these standards, procedures and guidelines for the assessment and accreditation of higher education institutions and agencies will promote diversity in higher education and will aid universities in adapting to the needs of modern society.
Your rapporteur also stresses that these standards, procedures and guidelines for the assessment and accreditation of higher education institutions and agencies will promote diversity in higher education and will aid universities in adapting to the needs of modern society.
But QA systems must not be imposed from above.
But QA systems must not be imposed from above.
They must be adopted voluntarily by all those concerned.
They must be adopted voluntarily by all those concerned.
For this reason it is desirable for the common system to be developed both by the agencies and by representatives of the higher education community, to enable the higher education community to gradually identify with these standards.
For this reason it is desirable for the common system to be developed both by the agencies and by representatives of the higher education community, to enable the higher education community to gradually identify with these standards.
Your rapporteur welcomes the establishment of the register, which may lead to the acceptance of assessment and accreditation systems and peer review in the European context and thus also facilitate the mutual recognition of qualifications inside and outside Europe.
Your rapporteur welcomes the establishment of the register, which may lead to the acceptance of assessment and accreditation systems and peer review in the European context and thus also facilitate the mutual recognition of qualifications inside and outside Europe.
The mechanisms for the management of this register and the requirements for inclusion must be further developed and specified.
The mechanisms for the management of this register and the requirements for inclusion must be further developed and specified.
They should ensure continuous assessment and warranted quality of the agencies, in order to promote mutual acceptance and a high standard of independence and professionalism.
They should ensure continuous assessment and warranted quality of the agencies, in order to promote mutual acceptance and a high standard of independence and professionalism.
On the principle of involving all those concerned, a practical framework for implementation should continue to be developed by ENQA in cooperation with EUA, EURASHE and ESIB.
On the principle of involving all those concerned, a practical framework for implementation should continue to be developed by ENQA in cooperation with EUA, EURASHE and ESIB.
Your rapporteur also stresses the important of cooperation between the nationally recognised agencies which is of crucial importance in increasing mutual acceptance of accreditation and of QA decisions.
Your rapporteur also stresses the important of cooperation between the nationally recognised agencies which is of crucial importance in increasing mutual acceptance of accreditation and of QA decisions.
She stresses furthermore that procedure ought to be established whereby agencies, if rejected, could submit themselves for consideration a second time after having carried out the necessary improvements.
She stresses furthermore that procedure ought to be established whereby agencies, if rejected, could submit themselves for consideration a second time after having carried out the necessary improvements.
It is important to distinguish between the two processes of licensing (point D) and assessment/accreditation (cf. point E).
It is important to distinguish between the two processes of licensing (point D) and assessment/accreditation (cf. point E).
Licensing is the power to award academic degrees.
Licensing is the power to award academic degrees.
It usually takes place on the basis of minimum standards and should continue to be the prerogative of the Member States, to the extent that funding is carried out by the Member States.
It usually takes place on the basis of minimum standards and should continue to be the prerogative of the Member States, to the extent that funding is carried out by the Member States.
Assessment/accreditation procedures are introduced in order to enhance transparency for the public and raise trust in the higher education establishments.
Assessment/accreditation procedures are introduced in order to enhance transparency for the public and raise trust in the higher education establishments.
To that end, international accreditation/assessment should not replace but complement the national procedures.
To that end, international accreditation/assessment should not replace but complement the national procedures.
Each national ministry should in principle, in line with subsidiarity, act as the competent authority for licensing higher education establishments.
Each national ministry should in principle, in line with subsidiarity, act as the competent authority for licensing higher education establishments.
Your rapporteur therefore prefers a wording which gives the Member States scope to decide to what extent it wants to leave this door open to agencies from other European countries.
Your rapporteur therefore prefers a wording which gives the Member States scope to decide to what extent it wants to leave this door open to agencies from other European countries.
Complementary assessment / assessment abroad
E. Complementary assessment / assessment abroad
The distinction is drawn between licensing and complementary assessment/accreditation. (see Point D).
The distinction is drawn between licensing and complementary assessment/accreditation. (see Point D).
Regarding the latter, your rapporteur stresses that efforts should be made towards this type of complementary accreditation or assessment by an international agency listed on the European register, which should accordingly be promoted by the Member States.
Regarding the latter, your rapporteur stresses that efforts should be made towards this type of complementary accreditation or assessment by an international agency listed on the European register, which should accordingly be promoted by the Member States.
The European added value of QA/accreditation will emerge only from closer cooperation between the Member States and their agencies.
The European added value of QA/accreditation will emerge only from closer cooperation between the Member States and their agencies.
Your rapporteur therefore supports cooperation on QA/accreditation, which represents an important step on the way to mutual recognition of educational and training qualifications.
Your rapporteur therefore supports cooperation on QA/accreditation, which represents an important step on the way to mutual recognition of educational and training qualifications.
At the same time she stresses the need for the national QA and accreditation systems to mesh in with the corresponding European accreditation mechanisms.
At the same time she stresses the need for the national QA and accreditation systems to mesh in with the corresponding European accreditation mechanisms.
The objective of mutual recognition of QA systems and QA and accreditation assessments can only be achieved in the long term if the necessary trust is created between the competent agencies.
The objective of mutual recognition of QA systems and QA and accreditation assessments can only be achieved in the long term if the necessary trust is created between the competent agencies.
The cooperation objectives of the EU Member States should be set as clearly and as ambitiously as in the Bologna process, not least with regard to dual diplomas and access to the European labour market.
The cooperation objectives of the EU Member States should be set as clearly and as ambitiously as in the Bologna process, not least with regard to dual diplomas and access to the European labour market.
Návrh doporučení Evropského parlamentu a Rady o další evropské spolupráci při zajišťování kvality v oblasti vysokoškolského vzdělávání
Proposal for a recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council on further European cooperation in quality assurance in higher education
( KOM(2004)0642 – C6 0142/2004 – 2004/0239(COD)
( COM(2004)0642 – C6 0142/2004 – 2004/0239(COD)
CULT 26.01.2004
CULT 26.01.2004
Nezaujaté stanovisko Datu rozhodnutí
Not delivering opinion(s) Date of decision
María Badía i Cutchet, Giovanni Berlinguer, Guy Bono, Marie-Hélène Descamps, Milan Gaľa, Claire Gibault, Vasco Graça Moura, Lissy Gröner, Erna Hennicot-Schoepges, , Luis Herrero-Tejedor, Ruth Hieronymi, Manolis Mavrommatis, Ljudmila Novak, Doris Pack, Zdzisław Zbigniew Podkański, Christa Prets, Karin Resetarits, Nikolaos Sifunakis, Hannu Takkula, Helga Trüpel, Thomas Wise, Tomáš Zatloukal
María Badía i Cutchet, Giovanni Berlinguer, Guy Bono, Marie-Hélène Descamps, Milan Gaľa, Claire Gibault, Vasco Graça Moura, Lissy Gröner, Erna Hennicot-Schoepges, , Luis Herrero-Tejedor, Ruth Hieronymi, Manolis Mavrommatis, Ljudmila Novak, Doris Pack, Zdzisław Zbigniew Podkański, Christa Prets, Karin Resetarits, Nikolaos Sifunakis, Hannu Takkula, Helga Trüpel, Thomas Wise, Tomáš Zatloukal
Adamos Adamou, András Gyürk, Gyula Hegyi, Jaroslav Zvěřina
Adamos Adamou, András Gyürk, Gyula Hegyi, Jaroslav Zvěřina,
o budoucnosti obchodních vztahů mezi EU a Čínou
on Prospects for trade relations between the EU and China
PE 357.907v02-00
PE 357.907v01-00
Explanatory Statement ..............................................................................................14
Explanatory Statement ..............................................................................................14
STANOVISKO Výboru pro zahraniční věci ...........................................................22
OPINION of the Committee on Foreign Affairs .................................................21
– s ohledem na 7. summit EU–Čína, který se konal v Haagu dne 8. prosince 2004,
– having regard to the 7 th EU-China summit held in The Hague on 8 December 2004,
– s ohledem na své usnesení ze dne 18. prosince 2003 o prodeji zbraní do Číny
– having regard to its resolution of 18 December 2003 on arms sales to China
– s ohledem na koncepční dokument Komise o vyspělém partnerství – společné zájmy a úkoly ve vztazích EU–Čína ( KOM(2003)0533 ),
– having regard to the Commission policy paper on a maturing partnership - shared interests and challenges in EU-China relations ( COM(2003)0533 ),
– s ohledem na své usnesení ze dne 18. prosince 2002 o stavu lidských práv Tibeťanů
– having regard to its resolution of 18 December 2002 on the human rights situation of Tibetans
– s ohledem na své rozhodnutí ze dne 11. dubna 2002 o sdělení Komise Radě a Evropskému parlamentu o Strategii EU vůči Číně: implementace sdělení z roku 1998 a další kroky k efektivnější politice EU (KOM(2001) 265)
– having regard to its resolution of 11 April 2002 on the Commission communication to the Council and the European Parliament on a EU Strategy towards China: Implementation of the 1998 Communication and future steps for a more effective EU policy (COM(2001) 265)
112 E, 9.5.2002, s. 313. ,
4 OJ 112 E, 9.5.2002, p.
C 304, 24.10.2000, s. 209. ,
5 OJ 304, 24.10.2000, p.
– s ohledem na zprávu Výboru pro mezinárodní obchod a stanovisko Výboru pro zahraniční věci ( A6‑0262/2005 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on International Trade and the opinion of the Committee on Foreign Affairs ( A6-0262/2005 ),
A. vzhledem k tomu, že rychlý vývoj Čínské lidové republiky (ČLR) v průběhu posledních 20 let má významný dopad na obchodní a hospodářské vztahy mezi EU a Čínou a vzhledem k tomu, že celkově je Čína nyní po USA druhým největším obchodním partnerem EU; vzhledem k tomu, že v roce 2004 měla EU vzhledem k Číně schodek 78,5 mld EUR, největší obchodní schodek ze všech obchodních partnerů, ve kterém se mimo jiné projevují důsledky překážek přístupu na trh v Číně;
A. whereas the rapid development of China over the past 20 years has had a significant impact on EU-China trade and economic relations, and whereas, overall, China is now the EU's 2nd largest trading partner after the U.S.; whereas in 2004 the EU had a deficit, vis-à-vis China, of EUR 78.5bn, its largest deficit with any trading partner, and one which reflects, among other things, the effect of market access obstacles in China,
B. vzhledem k tomu, že se Čína stala v roce 2001 členem WTO a omezila svá průměrná cla a ostatní překážky na základě svých závazků vůči WTO, což vedlo k nárůstu evropských investičních projektů v Číně; jelikož však ochrana čínského domácího průmyslu přetrvává;
B. whereas China became a member of the WTO in 2001, reducing its average tariff and non-tariff barriers following its WTO commitments, leading to a growth of European investment projects in China; whereas, in some cases, however, the protection of Chinese domestic industries persists,
C. vzhledem ke vstupu do WTO a otevření se mezinárodnímu obchodu se stal nejlidnatější stát na světě klíčovým hráčem světového obchodu; vzhledem k tomu, že vliv výroby národa, který má 1,3 miliardy obyvatel, se může jenom zvyšovat; a vzhledem k tomu, že ostatní země s vysokým počtem obyvatel (jako jsou Indie, Brazílie, Indonésie a mnohé jiné) zcela jistě změní současné pozice států, které vyvážejí;
C. whereas by joining the WTO and opening itself up to international commerce, the most populous state on Earth has become a key player in world trade; whereas the impact of the production of a nation of 1.3 billion people can only increase; and whereas other countries with large populations (such as India, Brazil, Indonesia and many others) are bound to change the current ranking of exporting nations,
D. vzhledem k tomu, že obchod mezi EU a Čínou je založen na strategickém partnerství se vzájemným přístupem k trhům v souladu s pravidly WTO a na poctivé hospodářské soutěži;
D. whereas the premise for trade between the EU and China is a strategic partnership with mutual market access on the basis of WTO rules and fair competition,
E. vzhledem k tomu, že Čína neuplatňuje dostatečně pravidla WTO, zejména obchází zákaz státní podpory pro vývoz, porušuje práva ochrany duševního vlastnictví a brání recipročnímu vstupu na svůj vlastní trh pro zboží a služby ze zemí EU a účelově podhodnocuje měnu státními intervencemi;
E. whereas China does not adequately apply WTO rules and whereas in particular it circumvents the ban on state export aid, infringes the laws on the protection of intellectual property, refuses to allow mutual access to its market in the case of goods and services from EU countries, and uses state intervention deliberately in order to depress the value of its currency,
F. vzhledem k tomu, že mnoho rozhodnutí z více než 9 000 soudních sporů týkajících se pirátství vedených v minulém roce není efektivně prosazováno;
F. whereas many of the rulings in the more than 9 000 piracy trials held in the past year are not being effectively enforced,
G. vzhledem k tomu, že Čína v současné době nesplňuje podmínky pro udělení statutu tržního hospodářství;
G. whereas China does not at present meet the conditions for the granting of market economy status,
H. vzhledem k významné úloze Tchaj-wanu při hospodářském růstu Číny;
H. whereas Taiwan played an important role in the economic rise of China,
I. vzhledem k tomu, že úžasný hospodářský rozvoj a zařazení Číny do globální ekonomiky jsou v zásadě pozitivními jevy a zvyšují celkovou světovou prosperitu;
I. whereas China's fantastic economic development and integration into the global economy is essentially positive and increases prosperity throughout the world,
J. vzhledem k rozloze na kontinentu, počtu obyvatelstva a dynamickému hospodářskému růstu v posledních letech je Čína hospodářskou velmocí, schopnou ovlivnit směr světové ekonomiky, a je subjektem, se kterým všechny ostatní hospodářské oblasti nutně musejí soutěžit;
J. whereas owing to its continental size, the number of its inhabitants and its dynamic economic growth in recent years, China is an economic superpower able to influence the course of the world economy and one with which all the other economic areas are bound to have to compete,
K. vzhledem k tomu, že čínský rozvoj představuje obrovské možnosti, ale zároveň vyvolá u evropského průmyslu oprávněné obavy, ze kterých plyne potřeba politického řízení těchto vztahů na celoevropské úrovni;
K. whereas Chinese expansion will bring enormous beneficial possibilities but also raises legitimate concerns for European industry, with an ensuing need for political management of those relations at European level,
L. vzhledem k tomu, že vztahy mezi Evropskou unií a Čínou jsou hlavním předmětem debaty o globalizaci a dokládají všechna očekávání a rozpory s ní spojená;
L. whereas trade relations between the European Union and China are at the heart of the debate on globalisation, and illustrate all the expectations and contradictions connected with it,
M. vzhledem k tomu, že EU potřebuje najít odpověď na zvyšující se znepokojení veřejnosti nad vlivem globalizace, které bude ještě živeno rostoucí dominancí Číny na světových trzích;
M. whereas the EU needs to find a response to the increasing public disquiet about the impact of globalisation which will be further fuelled by China’s increasing dominance of world markets,
N. vzhledem k tomu, že Čína v uplynulých pěti letech ztrojnásobila svoje výdaje na výzkum a rozvoj a Evropa musí držet krok s touto tendencí, aby mohla i v budoucnu těžit ze světového obchodu;
N. whereas China has tripled its expenditure on research and development in the past five years and Europe must rise to this challenge in order to continue to benefit from world trade in future,
O. vzhledem k tomu, že problémy evropského textilního průmyslu byly předvídatelné, protože investice, které čínský průmysl vložil do tohoto odvětví, byly dobře známé, a tento případ nebude případem ojedinělým, protože podobná situace je i ve výrobě ostatního zboží, jako je kromě jiného obuv a rovněž v odvětví výroby jízdních kol, automobilovém průmyslu a průmyslové výrobě železa a oceli;
O. whereas the problems of the European textile industry were foreseeable, since the investments made by Chinese industry in this sector are well known, and this will not be an isolated case since similar situations exist in the production of other goods, such as footwear, and also in the bicycle industry, the car industry and the iron and steel industry, among others,
P. vzhledem k tomu, že EU nemůže usnout na vavřínech tváří v tvář výzvám, které představuje rostoucí ekonomická síla Číny a musí přijít s koherentní a dlouhodobou strategickou odpovědí, která až do současné doby bohužel chybí;
P. whereas the EU cannot remain complacent in the face of the challenges posed by China’s growing economic strength and must develop a coherent long-term strategic response which up until now has been sadly lacking,
Q. vzhledem k tomu, že důsledky rychlého růstu Číny pro její vlastní přírodní zdroje a životní prostředí i pro světový trh se surovinami jsou značné, a jelikož společnosti z EU čelí potížím s rostoucími cenami surovin na světových trzích vzhledem k vysoké poptávce Číny;
Q. whereas the impact of China’s rapid growth on its own natural resources and its environment and on the world market for resources is extremely high, and whereas EU companies are facing difficulties because of growing world market prices for resources due to the high demand from China,
R. vzhledem k tomu, že Čína v roce 2000 obsadila 97. místo na světě co do emisí skleníkových plynů na obyvatele, ale také místo druhého největšího znečišťovatele na světě a vzhledem k tomu, že se Čína stává ve světovém měřítku druhým největším spotřebitelem energie a surovin; vzhledem k tomu, že odhady do roku 2025 předpokládají rekordně vysoký nárůst čínských emisí, musí se Čína významně podílet na snižování světové ekologické záteže;
R. whereas in 2000 China ranked 97th in the world in terms of per capita emissions of greenhouse gases, but also as the second largest overall emitter in the world and has become the world's second-largest consumer of energy and raw materials; whereas projections for 2025 predict record high growth of Chinese emissions so China must play a very significant role in relieving the burden on the world environment,
S. vzhledem k tomu, že postupný příchod poctivějšího a bezpečnějšího světa vyžaduje větší míru solidarity nejenom mezi lidmi ve vyspělých a méně vyspělých zemích, ale rovněž mezi různými zeměmi;
S. whereas the gradual advent of a fairer and safer world requires there to be greater solidarity not only between the peoples of the developed nations and those of the less developed nations, but also within the various nations,
T. vzhledem k tomu, že podpora vývoje Číny směrem ke svobodnému a otevřenému státu, kde platí právní řád, a přijetí principů demokracie a tržní ekonomiky v plném rozsahu je v hospodářském a politickém zájmu EU;
T. whereas it is politically and economically in the interests of the EU to support China's development into a free and open State where the rule of law prevails and its full adoption of democracy and the market economy,
U. vzhledem k tomu, že hospodářský rozvoj Číny ji rovněž zavazuje k větší odpovědnosti v asijském regionu;
U. whereas the economic development of China also gives the country greater responsibility in the Asian region,
V. vzhledem k tomu, že je povinností Evropské unie jako vedoucí ekonomické síly ve světě je nejenom posilovat obchodní vztahy se všemi svými partnery, ale zachovávat rovněž univerzální hodnoty lidskosti, demokracie a právního státu; vzhledem k tomu, že v tomto ohledu je Čína i přes svůj současný ekonomický úspěch daleko od toho, aby umožnila svým občanům v celé šíři uplatnit jejich demokratická a lidská práva;
V. whereas it is the duty of the European Union, as the world's leading economic power, not only to nurture its trade relations with all its partners but also to uphold the universal values of humanity, democracy and the rule of law; whereas in this respect China, despite its recent economic success, is far from affording all its citizens the whole compass of democratic and human rights,
2. vyzývá Komisi, aby vzhledem k četným případům, kdy Čína plní a aplikuje závazky vůči WTO pouze nedostatečně, nabídla v tomto směru evropským podnikům svoji podporu a poskytla jim účinnou pomoc;
Calls on the Commission, in the light of the numerous instances of inadequate implementation or application by China of its WTO obligations, to offer European companies its support in this connection, providing them with effective backing;