natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Alors que l’environnement a longtemps été en concurrence frontale avec d’autres politiques (agriculture et développement régional notamment), sources de dégradations considérables des ressources naturelles, les politiques sectorielles de l'Union intègrent aujourd’hui ou devraient intégrer l’environnement.
While the environment was for a long time in direct competition with other policies (agriculture and regional development in particular) that were the cause of a significant decline in resources, today the Union's sectoral policies incorporate or should incorporate environmental policy.
Ainsi, certains projets environnementaux d'investissement sont financés par les Fonds structurels et de cohésion (gestion de l’eau etc.).
As a result, some environmental investment projects are financed by the Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund (water management etc.).
Mais l'intégration est insuffisante : afin de répondre à la spécificité de tous les objectifs fixés dans le domaine complexe, étendu et transversal de l’environnement, en 1992 fut créé l'instrument financier LIFE.
However, incorporating environmental policy is not enough: in order to respond to the specific nature of the objectives targeted in the complex, wide-ranging and transversal area of the environment, the financial instrument LIFE was created in 1992.
Il est sans conteste le principal outil de promotion de projets en faveur de l’environnement, bien que quelques politiques environnementales aient fait l'objet de programmes spécifiques, dotés de faibles budgets, tels que Urban, soutien aux ONG, Forest focus, ou pollution marine.
It is undoubtedly the main tool for promoting environmental projects, although some environmental policies have benefited from specific programmes, equipped with low budgets, such as Urban, support for NGOs, Forest Focus and marine pollution.
L’instrument LIFE connut trois périodes.
The LIFE instrument underwent three periods.
Le dernier - LIFE III- était divisé en 3 volets :
The most recent, LIFE III, had three components:
- Life Nature pour les actions de protection de la nature,
- LIFE-Nature covering nature conservation measures;
LIFE a permis de mettre en place des projets remarquables à tous niveaux, malgré la modestie des budgets.
In spite of the modest budgets, LIFE enabled remarkable projects to be set up at all levels.
Avec LIFE - environnement par exemple, des projets pilotes furent lancés pour l’amélioration de la qualité environnementale (économies d'énergie, gestion des déchets, techniques innovantes d'entreprises etc.).
Under LIFE-Environment , for example, pilot projects were launched to improve environmental quality (energy conservation, waste management, innovative business techniques etc.).
C’est LIFE - nature qui aura apporté les résultats les plus probants, servant d’amorce pour la sélection et la gestion de sites Natura 2000.
It should be remembered that the designation of Natura 2000 sites was not an entirely smooth process.
Rappelons que le classement des sites Natura 2000 n’a pas été sans difficulté, le retard pour la mise en place du réseau étant à mettre sur le compte d’Etats membres qui refusaient d’admettre les atouts de Natura 2000.
The delay in setting up the network was due to the refusal by some Member States to acknowledge the benefits of Natura 2000.
Là où les projets furent réalisés, Natura 2000 a pourtant fait la démonstration de sa contribution décisive en terme de développement durable.
Where projects have been completed, however, Natura 2000 has proved that it makes a decisive contribution to sustainable development.
Perspectives de LIFE + pour la période 2007-2013
Outlook for LIFE + for the 2007-2013 period
La question qui se pose aujourd’hui est celle du financement des politiques environnementales de l'UE.
The issue of the day is the funding of EU environmental policies.
Dans sa proposition, la Commission a conservé LIFE + comme instrument financier spécifique à l'environnement et il faut s’en féliciter.
In its proposal, the Commission has retained the specifically environmental nature of the LIFE+ financial instrument, which is to be welcomed.
LIFE est resté jusqu'à ce jour le seul instrument financier contribuant efficacement à la mise en œuvre et au développement des politiques et législations environnementales de l’UE.
LIFE has been the only financial instrument so far to contribute effectively to the implementation and development of EU environment policy and legislation.
Cependant, au regard du projet de règlement proposé par la Commission, les objectifs et le contenu de Life + laissent perplexes.
However, the objectives and content of LIFE+ as set out under the Commission's proposal for a regulation are rather puzzling.
Le flou, le manque de précision et de définition sur des questions fondamentales pour atteindre les objectifs environnementaux fixés dans les stratégies de développement durable, de Göteborg, de préservation de la biodiversité, de lutte contre le changement climatique, obligent à nous poser la question des véritables ambitions du projet de la Commission.
The vagueness and lack of precision on basic issues concerning the achievement of the environmental objectives under the Gothenburg Sustainable Development Strategy and relating to the conservation of biodiversity and the fight against climate change raise questions about the real ambitions of the Commission proposal.
La question de l'intégration: quelles garanties pour l'environnement?
The integration question: what guarantees are there for the environment?
Pour la mise en oeuvre de la politique environnementale, le choix de la Commission s'est porté sur l'intégration comme moteur budgétaire, laissant ainsi la responsabilité du choix et de la mise en oeuvre de projets à d'autres, qui n'ont pas forcément la sensibilité et l'expertise environnementale nécessaires.
In order to implement environmental policy, the Commission has chosen to focus on integration as a means of generating funds, leaving the responsibility for the selection and completion of projects to others, who are not necessarily equipped with the requisite environmental awareness and expertise.
La proposition de la Commission telle qu'énoncée dans LIFE + démontre qu'elle renonce à assumer sa responsabilité au niveau européen pour la mise en oeuvre des politiques dans le domaine de l'environnement et qu'elle la délègue aux Etats membres.
The Commission's proposal for LIFE+ shows that it has relinquished responsibility at European level for the implementation of environmental policy and delegated it to the Member States.
La Commission propose une Europe environnementale "à la carte" qui laisse toute liberté aux pays de l'UE de choisir les opérations qu’ils comptent mener avec les cofinancements de l’Union.
The Commission proposes an 'à la carte' European environment policy, which means EU Member States are free to choose which projects will be carried out with Union cofinancing.
Ce transfert de responsabilité nie l'évidence, à savoir qu'une politique environnementale doit se concevoir à un niveau européen, l'environnement ne se réduisant pas à des frontières.
This transfer of responsibility ignores the obvious: environmental policy must be drafted at European level as the environment has no borders.
Ce transfert n’est donc pas acceptable ; il mènerait à la destruction de la cohésion d'ensemble des politiques environnementales de l’Union.
This transfer is, therefore, unacceptable and would result in the loss of the overall cohesion of the Union's environmental policies.
LIFE+ sera consacré pour l’essentiel aux mesures de soutien à la politique de l’environnement, en se concentrant sur deux domaines : "mise en œuvre et gouvernance" et "information et communication".
LIFE+ will mainly concern measures to support environmental policy and will focus on two areas: 'implementation and governance' and 'information and communication'.
Les objectifs chiffrés laissent pantois quand on sait les besoins pour atteindre les objectifs fixés par l'Union (défi majeur du changement climatique, politiques de l'eau liées à la directive cadre qui exigera des investissements considérables).
The objectives listed are astonishing when you are aware of what it is needed to achieve the objectives set by the Union (such as the major challenge of climate change and water policy under the Framework Directive, which will require considerable investment).
Faute de moyens financiers appropriés, la Commission a misé sur la stratégie de l’intégration de l’environnement dans toutes les politiques.
Lacking the necessary funds, the Commission is counting on the strategy of incorporating the environment into all policies.
Elle espère, par le biais des autres politiques de l'Union bien dotées, assurer la mise en oeuvre de la stratégie de développement durable et de la stratégie de Lisbonne à forte connotation environnementale, sans avancer le moindre chiffre.
It hopes, by way of the Union's other, well-funded policies, to ensure the implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy and the Lisbon Strategy, both with a strong environmental flavour, without putting forward any kind of figure.
Sans garanties, cette proposition transversale est vouée à l'échec.
Without any guarantees, this transversal proposal is doomed to failure.
Natura 2000
Natura 2000
Le second manquement de ce projet concerne assurément le passage sous silence financier de la gestion du réseau Natura 2000 pour la période 2007-2013.
The proposal's second shortcoming is undoubtedly the failure to make any mention of funding for the management of the Natura 2000 network for the 2007-2013 period.
Ce, alors même que le groupe de travail sur l'article 8 de la directive Habitat a souligné dans son rapport que "la directive Habitat et Natura 2000 ont pris une importance stratégique (...) et sont maintenant reconnus comme étant les principaux instruments communautaires capables de réaliser le nouvel objectif mondial et communautaire qui consiste à enrayer l'appauvrissement de la biodiversité d'ici à 2010".
This is in spite of the fact that the Working Group on Article 8 of the Habitats Directive stressed in its report that 'the Habitats Directive and Natura 2000 have assumed (…) strategic importance [and] are now recognised as being the EU's principal tools for achieving the new global and EU objective of halting the decline in biodiversity by 2010.'
L'approche "intégrationniste" que propose la Commission concernant Natura 2000 pourrait se concevoir avec une politique communautaire qui aurait inscrit de manière spécifique et précise dans le texte et les lignes budgétaires des politiques structurelles la prise en charge de la gestion des sites Natura 2000.
The 'integrationist' approach the Commission is proposing for Natura 2000 would be compatible with a Community policy that included responsibility for the management of Natura 2000 sites in the text and the budget lines of the structural policies.
Dans sa communication sur le financement de Natura 2000, la Commission reconnaît le coût de gestion de Natura 2000 à 6, 1 milliard d'euros, dont 5 milliards d'euros pour les 15 "anciens" Etats-membres et 1 Milliard d'euros pour les 10 nouveaux.
In its communication on financing Natura 2000, the Commission acknowledges the cost of managing Natura 2000 to be EUR 6.1 bn, EUR 5 bn of which is to be allocated to the 15 'old' Member States and EUR 1 bn to the 10 new Member States.
Or ces besoins, dont la moitié incombe aux Etats membres, ne sont inscrits dans aucune ligne budgétaire, ni en pourcentage dans les fonds structurels, qui devraient pourtant, selon la Commission, y pourvoir.
These needs, half of which must be covered by the Member States, are not mentioned in any budgetary line or as a percentage in the Structural Funds, which, according to the Commission, are nevertheless intended to finance it.
Le groupe de travail de l'article 8 de la directive habitat le confirme : "la Commission a totalement négligé la condition essentielle du choix des fonds structurels d'insérer dans les fonds FEADER, FEDER et FSE une clause particulière qui les oblige à soutenir la bonne gestion de Natura 2000".
The Article 8 Working Group confirms that 'the Commission has completely forgotten the essential condition for choosing the Structural Funds, which is inserting the specific requirement in the EAFRD, ERDF and ESF instruments that they should support the proper management of Natura 2000.'
En outre, pour obtenir des aides des fonds structurels, il faudra démonter que les actions financées auront un effet bénéfique sur l'économie et le social, ce qui signifie que la gestion des milieux naturels, des marais, des forêts, des pelouses calcaires ou la protection des espèces n'entreront pas dans ces critères d'attribution.
Furthermore, to obtain assistance from the Structural Funds, it will have to be demonstrated that the actions financed will be of benefit economically and socially, meaning that the management of natural habitats, marshes, forests, calcareous grasslands and the protection of species will not be eligible for funding.
Il sera tout aussi difficile de faire partager les aides destinées au développement rural avec Natura 2000, le soutien au monde rural étant également une priorité.
It will be equally difficult to share aid earmarked for rural development with Natura 2000, as rural areas are also a priority.
En fait, aucune somme n'a été mentionnée pour n'effrayer aucun partenaire.
In fact, no sum has been mentioned for fear of frightening either party.
Sans cette transparence, pourtant, c'est une bataille sournoise que devront se livrer les gestionnaires de Natura 2000.
Without this transparency, however, Natura 2000 managers must be prepared for a dirty battle.
Ce n'est ni souhaitable, ni acceptable de mettre en concurrence la protection de la biodiversité avec les autres politiques de l'Union.
It is neither desirable nor acceptable that the protection of biodiversity should have to compete with other Union policies.
Votre rapporteur n'est pas loin de penser que le principe d'intégration de l'environnement dans les autres politiques se révélera être source de compétition et que l'environnement, éternel parent pauvre du budget européen, et Natura 2000 tout particulièrement, bénéficieront, de fait, de moyens financiers dérisoires.
It does not seem unlikely that the principle of integrating the environment into other policies will prove to create rivalry and that the environment, the eternal poor relation in the EU budget, and Natura 2000 in particular, will, in fact, be the recipient of a laughable amount of funding.
C'est donc à la Commission que doit revenir la responsabilité de la mise en oeuvre de Natura 2000 et de la protection de la biodiversité, identifiée d'intérêt européen et prioritaire.
It is the Commission, therefore, that must continue to be responsible for the implementation of Natura 2000 and the protection of biodiversity, which has been acknowledged to be of European interest and a priority issue.
En occultant comme elle le fait la question du co-financement de Natura 2000, elle compromet sa mise en oeuvre.
By masking the issue of cofinancing Natura 2000 in this way, the Commission is compromising its implementation.
Propositions du rapporteur
Rapporteur's suggestions
C’est parce que ces options présentées par la Commission européenne ne garantissent pas ce financement que votre rapporteur a intégré le coût de la mise en oeuvre de Natura 2000 dans l'instrument Life+, en restaurant le volet "LIFE + Gestion du réseau Natura 2000", mettant la Commission et le Conseil devant leurs responsabilités.
It is because the options presented by the Commission do not guarantee this funding that the cost of implementing Natura 2000 has been inserted into the LIFE+ instrument by including the 'LIFE+ Management of the Natura 2000 network' component and reminding the Commission and the Council of their responsibilities.
Considérant la nécessité d'assurer aux organisations environnementales un cadre multiannuel prévisible, votre rapporteur a également introduit des dispositions visant à garantir le niveau de financement pour les ONG environnementales participant au développement de la politique européenne.
In view of the need to provide environmental organisations with a predictable multiannual framework, measures have also been introduced to guarantee the level of funding for environmental NGOs involved in developing European policy.
Votre rapporteur invite les membres de la Commission à discuter de manière plus approfondie de la nécessité d'une attribution financière spécifique pour les activités de projet liées à la nature et la biodiversité, étant donné l'importance et le succès du précédent programme LIFE Nature.
The rapporteur calls on the Commission to discuss in greater depth the need for specific financial assistance for activities relating to nature and biodiversity, bearing in mind the importance and success of the previous LIFE-Nature programme.
Under the new Financial Perspective, the strategic approach taken by the Commission is to mainstream environmental policy by making it an integral part of other priority policy areas so the bulk of environmental expenditure will fall under the new Heading 1 "Sustainable Growth".
Under the new Financial Perspective, the strategic approach taken by the Commission is to mainstream environmental policy by making it an integral part of other priority policy areas so the bulk of environmental expenditure will fall under the new Heading 1 "Sustainable Growth".
Some environmental expenditure is also integrated into CAP expenditure, particularly expenditure on rural development, which falls under the new Heading 2 "Preservation and Management of Natural Resources".
Some environmental expenditure is also integrated into CAP expenditure, particularly expenditure on rural development, which falls under the new Heading 2 "Preservation and Management of Natural Resources".
Finally, also under Heading 2, a separate instrument is set up to support actions of a uniquely environmental nature.
Finally, also under Heading 2, a separate instrument is set up to support actions of a uniquely environmental nature.
This instrument is LIFE + and accounts for most of the environmental expenditure in this Heading (the rest being the amount spent on the European Environment Agency).
This instrument is LIFE + and accounts for most of the environmental expenditure in this Heading (the rest being the amount spent on the European Environment Agency).
It is to be noted that all environmental spending outside the European Union is included in the new Heading 4 "Europe as a global partner".
It is to be noted that all environmental spending outside the European Union is included in the new Heading 4 "Europe as a global partner".
COMMISSION'S PROPOSAL
COMMISSION'S PROPOSAL
LIFE + is aimed at simplifying the administration of the existing multiannual programmes by merging them into a single instrument .
LIFE + is aimed at simplifying the administration of the existing multiannual programmes by merging them into a single instrument .
Its general objective is to contribute to the development, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and communication of Community environment policy and legislation with a view to promoting sustainable development in the EU.
Its general objective is to contribute to the development, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and communication of Community environment policy and legislation with a view to promoting sustainable development in the EU.
LIFE + is divided into two strands, LIFE Implementation and Governance and LIFE Information and Communication.
LIFE + is divided into two strands, LIFE Implementation and Governance and LIFE Information and Communication.
The total financial framework for the period 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013 proposed by the Commission is € 2,190 Mio.
The total financial framework for the period 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013 proposed by the Commission is € 2,190 Mio.
The schedule of commitments/payments proposed (the exact amounts are of course to be decided on each year during the annual budget procedure) is as follows:
The schedule of commitments/payments proposed (the exact amounts are of course to be decided on each year during the annual budget procedure) is as follows:
The indicative breakdown of expenditure between the two strands of LIFE + is 75-80 % and 20-25% respectively
The indicative breakdown of expenditure between the two strands of LIFE + is 75-80 % and 20-25% respectively
The Commission's proposal for LIFE + can be welcomed in as far as having a single instrument for financing environmental actions increases the visibility of those actions and simplifies their administration, leading to a reduction in administrative overheads and a greater degree of coherency of procedures.
The Commission's proposal for LIFE + can be welcomed in as far as having a single instrument for financing environmental actions increases the visibility of those actions and simplifies their administration, leading to a reduction in administrative overheads and a greater degree of coherency of procedures.
The multi annual global programming of actions with detailed annual programmes is also a positive feature of this proposal which should ensure greater effectiveness of measures since long term planning is coupled with a degree of flexibility to adapt actions if appropriate.
The multi annual global programming of actions with detailed annual programmes is also a positive feature of this proposal which should ensure greater effectiveness of measures since long term planning is coupled with a degree of flexibility to adapt actions if appropriate.
The Commission's proposal nonetheless raises a number of concerns:
The Commission's proposal nonetheless raises a number of concerns:
Firstly, it should be pointed out that the amount for the financial framework mentioned in Article 9 can only be considered indicative at this stage where there is as yet no decision on the Financial Perspective.
Firstly, it should be pointed out that the amount for the financial framework mentioned in Article 9 can only be considered indicative at this stage where there is as yet no decision on the Financial Perspective.
An amendment is thus proposed to Article 9 deleting the figures.
An amendment is thus proposed to Article 9 deleting the figures.
There is furthermore a definite lack of more detailed information on the actual use of funds.
There is furthermore a definite lack of more detailed information on the actual use of funds.
The proposal contains only the global figures with an indicative breakdown between the two strands of LIFE.
The proposal contains only the global figures with an indicative breakdown between the two strands of LIFE.
By its own admission, the Commission is unable to provide an accurate estimate of the number of projects envisaged for each year or the average cost of each measure.
By its own admission, the Commission is unable to provide an accurate estimate of the number of projects envisaged for each year or the average cost of each measure.
This begs the question as to how reliable the estimates forecast can therefore be considered to be?
This begs the question as to how reliable the estimates forecast can therefore be considered to be?
The indicative basis on which the forecast for the indicative breakdown between the two components of LIFE + has been made is unclear and the difficulty of clearly delimiting the two components is furthermore evidenced by the fact that the indicative breakdown of the
The indicative basis on which the forecast for the indicative breakdown between the two components of LIFE + has been made is unclear and the difficulty of clearly delimiting the two components is furthermore evidenced by the fact that the indicative breakdown of the
80 % foreseen for LIFE Implementation and Governance for 2007 also includes 60 % for ((capacity building and) information.
80 % foreseen for LIFE Implementation and Governance for 2007 also includes 60 % for ((capacity building and) information.
In these circumstances, the usefulness of Annex 2 is highly questionable and your Rapporteur suggests that the Annex be deleted.
In these circumstances, the usefulness of Annex 2 is highly questionable and your Rapporteur suggests that the Annex be deleted.