natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
– като взе предвид заключенията на Европейския съвет, провел се в Брюксел на 14-15 декември 2006 г.,
– having regard to the conclusions of the European Council held in Brussels on 14-15 December 2006,
– като взе предвид своята резолюция от 2 Септември 2003 г. относно структурно необлагодетелстваните региони (острови, планински райони, райони с ниска гъстота на населението) в рамките на кохезионната политика и техните институционални перспективи
– having regard to its resolution of 2 September 2003 on structurally disadvantaged regions (islands, mountain regions, regions with low population density) in the context of cohesion policy, and their institutional prospects
– като взе предвид становището на Комитета на регионите от 13 март 2002 г. относно проблемите на островните региони на Европейския съюз в контекста на неговото разширяване
– having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions of 13 March 2002 on the problems of island regions in the European Union in the context of enlargement
– като взе предвид становището на Комитета на регионите от 7 юли 2005 г. относно преразглеждането на насоките за държавна помощ за регионите
– having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions of 7 July 2005 on the revision of the guidelines for regional State aids
– като взе предвид доклада на комисия по регионално развитие ( A6‑0044/2007 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Regional Development ( A6‑0044/2007 ),
A. като има предвид, че Европейският парламент е обръщал често внимание на трудното положение на островите, които страдат от натрупване на неблагоприятни фактори, и е подчертавал необходимостта да им помогне за преодоляване на съответните трудности и намаляване на неравенството между регионите,
A. Whereas the European Parliament has frequently drawn attention to the plight of islands suffering from an accumulation of disadvantages and has stressed the need to help them to overcome these difficulties and to reduce regional disparities,
Б. като има предвид, че понятията за "свръхпериферно" и "островно" положение не бива да се смесват, въпреки че много свръхпериферни региони са същевременно и острови; като има предвид, че специфичните разпоредби на член 299 от Договора за ЕО, които предоставят здрава законова основа за предприемане на мерки с цел осигуряване на ефективно обезщетяване в помощ на свръхпериферните региони, трябва да бъдат разграничени от разпоредбите на член 158 от Договора за ЕО и от Декларацията относно островните региони, съдържаща се в Договора от Амстердам, които никога не са били обект на разпоредби за прилагане, в резултат на което e налице дисбаланс в икономическото развитие между ядрото на ЕС, от една страна, и островите в неговата периферия, от друга,
B. Whereas the concepts of ultraperipherality and insularity should not be confused with one another, even if many ultraperipheral regions are also islands; whereas the specific provisions of Article 299 of the EC Treaty, which have provided a sound legal basis for measures to be taken to provide effective compensation to assist the ultraperipheral regions, are to be distinguished from the provisions of Article 158 of the EC Treaty and from the Declaration on islands regions contained in the Treaty of Amsterdam, which have never been the subject of implementing provisions as a result of which there have been imbalances in economic development between the core of the EU, on the one hand, and the islands on its periphery on the other,
В. като има предвид, че сближаването, като една от ключовите цели на Европейския съюз, се стреми да гарантира многоцентрово и хармонично развитие чрез намаляване на неравенството между регионите и чрез премахване на пречките за развитие, включително пречки, свързани с природни и географски недостатъци,
C. Whereas cohesion, as one of the EU's key objectives, aims to ensure multi-centred and harmonious development by reducing regional disparities and removing obstacles to development, including obstacles which are linked to natural and geographical handicaps,
Г. като има предвид, че принципът за териториално сближаване бе допълнително затвърден в регламентите относно структурните фондове 2007 - 2013 г. и че този принцип представлява неразделна част от кохезионната политиката, която трябва да се запази и укрепи и в бъдеще и която има за цел многоцентровата интеграция на територията на Европейския съюз по начин, който да осигури равни възможности за всички региони и тяхното население,
D. Whereas the principle of territorial cohesion has been further consolidated in the regulations on the Structural Funds 2007-2013, and whereas that principle constitutes an integral part of cohesion policy which should be preserved and strengthened in the future and which has as its objective the multi-centred integration of the EU's territory so as to secure equal opportunities for all the regions and their populations,
Д. като има предвид, че нелегалната имиграция по море е един от главните проблеми, пред които е изправен Европейският съюз, и че през последната година натискът от миграционната вълна е особено силен по външните морски граници на Съюза, и в частност върху островите в Средиземно море, които са призовани да носят един напълно несъразмерен товар, просто поради своето географско положение,
E. Whereas illegal immigration by sea is one of the main problems facing the EU and whereas, within the last year, migratory pressure has been particularly intense on the EU’s external maritime frontiers, and particularly on the islands in the Mediterranean, which are called upon to carry a wholly disproportionate burden, simply because of their geographical location,
Е. като има предвид, че Европейският съвет от Брюксел от 14 и 15 декември подчерта, че въпросът за имиграцията трябва да бъде разгледан в глобален мащаб и че усилията, положени до момента, трябва да се удвоят, най-вече в някои островни региони на Европейския съюз, тъй като те съставляват негови морски граници и пътища на миграция,
F. Whereas the European Council held in Brussels on 14-15 December 2006 emphasised the need for immigration to be tackled globally, and that the efforts made so far need to be redoubled, particularly in some of the EU's island regions, since they constitute the EU's maritime frontiers and migration routes,
3. призовава Комисията, с оглед на програмния период 2007-2013 г. за оперативните програми на островните региони, както и за включените в цел 2, да изчерпи всички възможности, които позволяват на островите да осъществят така необходимите мерки по отношение на инфраструктурните дейности;
Calls on the Commission, with regard to the programming period 2007-2013 concerning the operational programmes of island regions, including those of objective 2, to exhaust all avenues giving them the possibility to carry-out measures related to infrastructure works that are very much needed;
8. oтчита факта, че Комисията изтъква особеното положение на островите и периферните региони в Насоките за национална регионална помощ за периода 2007-2013 г. и в Насоките за държавна помощ и рисков капитал за малкия и среден бизнес; въпреки това счита, че за успешното справяне с трайното неизгодно положение на тези територии, трябва да се допусне повече гъвкавост при прилагането на съществуващите и бъдещи политики за държавна помощ, без тази гъвкавост да причинява неприемливо нарушаване на пазара в ЕС; отправя искане към Комисията да преразгледа своя подход с цел да отчита по-добре нуждата на островите да се ползват с достъп до единния пазар при равни условия с континенталните части; в тази връзка, счита, че подобряването на транспортните връзки следва да съставлява приоритетна дейност в тази област, особено по отношение на морските пристанища и летищата;
Acknowledges the fact that the Commission highlights the special situation of islands and peripheral regions in the guidelines on national regional aid for 2007-2013 and in the guidelines on state aid and risk capital for small and medium-sized undertakings; considers, however, that in order to deal more satisfactorily with the permanent disadvantage of such territories there should be increased flexibility in the implementation of existing and future state aid policies, without such flexibility causing unacceptable market distortions within the EU; asks the Commission to review its approach so as to take better account of the need of islands to enjoy access to the single market on equal terms with mainland regions; considers in this respect, that improved transport links should constitute a priority action in this field, especially in the case of ports and airports;
11. призовава държавите-членки да гарантират, че особените екологични, културни и социални характеристики на островните региони са ефективно защитени, посредством мерки като изготвянето на подходящи планове за регионално развитие и контрола на строежите и строителната дейност и в допълнение на това, в сътрудничество с Комисията, да приемат цялостни програми за опазване на културното наследство и природните дадености;
Calls on the Member States to ensure that the special environmental, cultural and social characteristics of the island regions are effectively protected using measures, such as the drawing up of appropriate regional development plans and the controlling of building and construction activity, and, in addition, to adopt, in cooperation with the Commission, integrated programmes to safeguard cultural heritage and environmental resources;
29. предлага Комисията и другите институции да определят 2010 г. за Европейска година на островите;
Proposes that the Commission and the other Institutions designate the year 2010 as the European year for the islands;
As the Union gets bigger, expanding its external frontiers to stretch from the Barents Sea through to the Mediterranean and from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic, the importance of islands in all major community policies becomes clear.
As the Union gets bigger, expanding its external frontiers to stretch from the Barents Sea through to the Mediterranean and from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic, the importance of islands in all major community policies becomes clear.
Yet despite the front-line position islands occupy in terms of territorial cohesion, external relations, trans-frontier cooperation, tourism and culture, the Union has, until now made scarce effort to adapt its policies to take into account the singular difficulties that many, if not all islands must face, in order to compete successfully with their counterparts on the mainland.
Yet despite the front-line position islands occupy in terms of territorial cohesion, external relations, trans-frontier cooperation, tourism and culture, the Union has, until now made scarce effort to adapt its policies to take into account the singular difficulties that many, if not all islands must face, in order to compete successfully with their counterparts on the mainland.
These difficulties fall into two distinct categories: Firstly, those which differentiate the islands between themselves:
These difficulties fall into two distinct categories: Firstly, those which differentiate the islands between themselves:
Thus five island regions
Thus five island regions
not including Island States. have populations exceeding 500.000 (Sicily, Sardinia, Canary Islands, Balearic Islands and Reunion and account for 75% of the European Island population
not including Island States. have populations exceeding 500.000 (Sicily, Sardinia, Canary Islands, Balearic Islands and Reunion and account for 75% of the European Island population
Source Eurisles . of the remaining islands seven are at NUTs 3 level and six have populations of less than 100.000.
Source Eurisles . of the remaining islands seven are at NUTs 3 level and six have populations of less than 100.000.
Relative size and geographical position will then clearly affect both the real possibilities for economic development and the kinds of products and activities that can be undertaken.
Relative size and geographical position will then clearly affect both the real possibilities for economic development and the kinds of products and activities that can be undertaken.
Equally age distribution in the local society has a direct effect on social charges and unemployment statistics.
Equally age distribution in the local society has a direct effect on social charges and unemployment statistics.
For example in Réunion the population is growing and under 15 year olds account for 35% of the population, in the northern Aegean 25% of the population is over 60.
For example in Réunion the population is growing and under 15 year olds account for 35% of the population, in the northern Aegean 25% of the population is over 60.
Again whilst in some islands the population is on the increase, others such as the Western Isles of Scotland suffer from a high level of migration.
Again whilst in some islands the population is on the increase, others such as the Western Isles of Scotland suffer from a high level of migration.
Climate differences due to geographical position stimulate vastly different agricultural products
Climate differences due to geographical position stimulate vastly different agricultural products
So how can Islands with such different characteristics pretend to be treated as a separate class of regions deserving particular consideration?
So how can Islands with such different characteristics pretend to be treated as a separate class of regions deserving particular consideration?
The answer is to be found in the second category of difficulties that are shared by most if not all islands:
The answer is to be found in the second category of difficulties that are shared by most if not all islands:
A non-exhaustive list of these might be:
A non-exhaustive list of these might be:
Ø Higher prices due to the interplay of captive markets and extra transport costs,
Ø Higher prices due to the interplay of captive markets and extra transport costs,
Ø Low salaries due to the interplay of demand outstripping opportunities,
Ø Low salaries due to the interplay of demand outstripping opportunities,
Ø Difficulty of access to the Single Market,
Ø Difficulty of access to the Single Market,
Ø Scarcity of raw materials (often imported),
Ø Scarcity of raw materials (often imported),
Ø Increased energy costs,
Ø Increased energy costs,
Ø Often difficult terrain (mountains),
Ø Often difficult terrain (mountains),
Ø Deficiency in infrastructure,
Ø Deficiency in infrastructure,
Ø migration and immigration,
Ø migration and immigration,
Ø Limited variety of activities (often limited to agriculture, fishing, tourism),
Ø Limited variety of activities (often limited to agriculture, fishing, tourism),
Ø Vulnerability to environmental hazards liable to affect tourism (Tsunamis, Cyclones, earthquakes, oil spillages, regional conflicts).
Ø Vulnerability to environmental hazards liable to affect tourism (Tsunamis, Cyclones, earthquakes, oil spillages, regional conflicts).
Economic shocks will generally hit island economies harder than it would mainland regions suffering the same problem.
Economic shocks will generally hit island economies harder than it would mainland regions suffering the same problem.
This is because their economies are characterised by a dependency on a limited number of activities which reflect the scarcity of their resources.
This is because their economies are characterised by a dependency on a limited number of activities which reflect the scarcity of their resources.
The result is that their ability to react positively to economic change is severely limited and the solution often catastrophic.
The result is that their ability to react positively to economic change is severely limited and the solution often catastrophic.
Thus on the mainland a decline of a particular sector of activity can often be easily offset by the jobs market in a neighbouring region.
Thus on the mainland a decline of a particular sector of activity can often be easily offset by the jobs market in a neighbouring region.
On an island any severe crisis in the predominant activity will be reflected in the unemployment statistics or by emigration.
On an island any severe crisis in the predominant activity will be reflected in the unemployment statistics or by emigration.
Again many islands, even those suffering from a high level of unemployment, may need to recruit for services that the local population is unable to supply.
Again many islands, even those suffering from a high level of unemployment, may need to recruit for services that the local population is unable to supply.
Doctors, nurses, engineers will have to offset the disadvantages of insular life, including lower salaries, poorer health services, education facilities, with intangible benefits such as climate, environment, and lifestyle.
Doctors, nurses, engineers will have to offset the disadvantages of insular life, including lower salaries, poorer health services, education facilities, with intangible benefits such as climate, environment, and lifestyle.
In weighing up pros and cons, mainland companies may be reluctant to invest despite lower wages or cheaper land when this is put into balance with the extra costs incurred in accessing the Single market, or access to research institutes, universities, or again contacts with similar or related industries.
In weighing up pros and cons, mainland companies may be reluctant to invest despite lower wages or cheaper land when this is put into balance with the extra costs incurred in accessing the Single market, or access to research institutes, universities, or again contacts with similar or related industries.
The outermost regions and the rest :
The outermost regions and the rest :
A distinction must be made between measures to deal with islands in general and those dealing with the outermost regions.
A distinction must be made between measures to deal with islands in general and those dealing with the outermost regions.
In 2002 the European Council of Seville
In 2002 the European Council of Seville
21-22 June 2002. invited the European Commission to propose a coherent and global approach to deal with the specific problems of the outermost regions, (which incidentally had come to the fore upon the accession of Spain and Portugal)
21-22 June 2002. invited the European Commission to propose a coherent and global approach to deal with the specific problems of the outermost regions, (which incidentally had come to the fore upon the accession of Spain and Portugal)
Programme of options Specific to the Remote and Insular nature ( POSEI)
Programme of options Specific to the Remote and Insular nature ( POSEI)
Maastricht Treaty Declaration on Outermost regions
Maastricht Treaty Declaration on Outermost regions
Article 299(2) Treaty of Amsterdam. .
Article 299(2) Treaty of Amsterdam. .
In the context of its revision of Structural policy following enlargement, the Commission retained three priority areas for action.
In the context of its revision of Structural policy following enlargement, the Commission retained three priority areas for action.
These were competitiveness, accessibility and compensation for other constraints.
These were competitiveness, accessibility and compensation for other constraints.
Thus, with the support of the European Parliament, the new regulations provide for an increase the intervention rates in favour of these regions.
Thus, with the support of the European Parliament, the new regulations provide for an increase the intervention rates in favour of these regions.
With the adoption of the new Article 299(2) there is now a distinct legal framework for islands and for the outermost regions 6 of which are islands.
With the adoption of the new Article 299(2) there is now a distinct legal framework for islands and for the outermost regions 6 of which are islands.
In the case of islands as distinct from the outermost regions, it should be noted that the provisions adopted in Amsterdam have never been applied.
In the case of islands as distinct from the outermost regions, it should be noted that the provisions adopted in Amsterdam have never been applied.
Following protests, the Treaty of Nice reaffirmed the need for specific measures in favour of Island regions,"within the limits of the budget resources available."
Following protests, the Treaty of Nice reaffirmed the need for specific measures in favour of Island regions,"within the limits of the budget resources available."
Despite the efforts made through regional policy, the relative position of island regions in the classification of regional GDP has hardly moved during the past twenty years.
Despite the efforts made through regional policy, the relative position of island regions in the classification of regional GDP has hardly moved during the past twenty years.
Member States have generally recognised the specific nature of these territories and this is reflected in the political/administrative statuses granted to them.
Member States have generally recognised the specific nature of these territories and this is reflected in the political/administrative statuses granted to them.
Thus 15 island regions have a specific status.
Thus 15 island regions have a specific status.
In the first instance some Island regions, because of their particular situation within the constitution of their mother countries were able to negotiate particular conditions on the accession of their country to the union.
In the first instance some Island regions, because of their particular situation within the constitution of their mother countries were able to negotiate particular conditions on the accession of their country to the union.
This is the case of a number of French, Danish, Dutch Spanish, Portuguese, Finish or British Islands.
This is the case of a number of French, Danish, Dutch Spanish, Portuguese, Finish or British Islands.
Others, which did not possess the necessary legal instruments, were not able to influence negotiations.
Others, which did not possess the necessary legal instruments, were not able to influence negotiations.
The result is a wide degree of heterogeneity with, in some cases totally different situations arising in the same Member State.
The result is a wide degree of heterogeneity with, in some cases totally different situations arising in the same Member State.
As regards the Guidelines on National Regional Aid for 2007-2013 , the existence of a number of references to islands must be welcomed, and especially the provisions granted to small islands (under 5000h).
As regards the Guidelines on National Regional Aid for 2007-2013 , the existence of a number of references to islands must be welcomed, and especially the provisions granted to small islands (under 5000h).
However, the lack of flexibility in the field of operating aids, and especially the operating aids to offset the over costs related to transport, must be very much regretted, especially since it is accepted in the case of sparsely populated areas.
However, the lack of flexibility in the field of operating aids, and especially the operating aids to offset the over costs related to transport, must be very much regretted, especially since it is accepted in the case of sparsely populated areas.
3. other eu policies:
3. other eu policies:
The relevant legislation specifically recognises the specificities of islands in particular concerning public service obligations and where applicable, providing for a call for tender procedure at EU level.
The relevant legislation specifically recognises the specificities of islands in particular concerning public service obligations and where applicable, providing for a call for tender procedure at EU level.
The open call for tender is somewhat criticised by island organisations as being too open and not allowing for a degree of protectionism of local industries.
The open call for tender is somewhat criticised by island organisations as being too open and not allowing for a degree of protectionism of local industries.
This criticism can be raised by any region irrespective of its specific nature.
This criticism can be raised by any region irrespective of its specific nature.