natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
В съответствие с тази разпоредба, до края на 2010 г. Комисията следва да предаде на Парламента и на Съвета преглед на функционирането на Международното споразумение за тропическия дървен материал от 2006 г.
In the light of this provision, the Commission sh ould forward to the Parliament and the Council a review of the functioning of the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 2006 by the end of 2010.
The European Commission shall regularly inform the European Parliament about the application of ITTA, 2006.
The European Commission shall regularly inform the European Parliament about the application of ITTA, 2006.
In doing so, it shall check ITTA's implementation against the EC's own forest law enforcement, governance and trade instruments.
In doing so, it shall check ITTA's implementation against the EC's own forest law enforcement, governance and trade instruments.
As the European Commission did originally not foresee to consult the European Parliament on ITTA, 2006, it is important to remind the European Commission about its obligations to inform the European Parliament about the application of the EC's trade and environment and development policies.
As the European Commission did originally not foresee to consult the European Parliament on ITTA, 2006, it is important to remind the European Commission about its obligations to inform the European Parliament about the application of the EC's trade and environment and development policies.
(7б) При изготвяне на мандата за преговори относно изменението на Международното споразумение за тропическия дървен материал от 2006 г. Комисията следва да предложи преразглеждане на съществуващия текст с цел да се поставят опазването и устойчивото управление на тропическите гори и възстановяването на увредените горски зони в основата на споразумението, като се подчертае важността на образователната и информационната политика в държавите, засегнати от проблема с обезлесяването, за да се повиши информираността на обществеността по отношение на отрицателните последици от злоупотребата при експлоатацията на ресурсите от дървен материал.
(7b) When drafting the negotiating mandate for the revision of the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 2006, the Commission sh ould propose that the current text be revised, placing the protection and sustainable management of tropical forests and the restoration of forest areas that have been degraded at the heart of the agreement, stressing the importance of education and information policy in the countries affected by the problem of deforestation in order to enhance public awareness of the negative consequences of exploiting timber resources in an abusive manner.
Търговията с тропически дървен материал следва да се насърчава само в степента, в която тя е съвместима с предходните цели.
Trade in tropical timber should only be encouraged to the extent compatible with these prior objectives.
The transfer of know-how and sharing experience and good practice in the forests' governance area will promote sustainable use of timber resources and will help to eradicate illegal timber trade.
The transfer of know-how and sharing experience and good practice in the forests' governance area will promote sustainable use of timber resources and will help to eradicate illegal timber trade.
Съображение 7 в (ново)
Recital 7 c (new)
(7в) По-специално мандатът за преразглеждане на Международното споразумение за тропическия дървен материал от 2006 г. следва да предложи механизъм за гласуване на Международния съвет за тропически дървен материал, който ясно да възнаграждава опазването и устойчивото използване на тропическите гори.
(7c) In particular, this mandate for the revision of the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 2006 should propose a voting mechanism for the International Tropical Timber C ouncil that clearly rewards the conservation and sustainable use of tropical forests.
The actual predominance of trade against conservation and sustainable use is mirrored by ITTO’s voting structure which gives more votes to producer countries that export more timber.
The actual predominance of trade against conservation and sustainable use is mirrored by ITTO’s voting structure which gives more votes to producer countries that export more timber.
Thus, the ITTO’s institutional system gives greatest influence to those who trade most while there are few rewards for conservation and sustainable use.
Thus, the ITTO’s institutional system gives greatest influence to those who trade most while there are few rewards for conservation and sustainable use.
To be consistent with the EC's environment and development policy objectives, the ITTO's voting mechanism should reward countries that give priority to the conservation and sustainable use of forest resources.
To be consistent with the EC's environment and development policy objectives, the ITTO's voting mechanism should reward countries that give priority to the conservation and sustainable use of forest resources.
Съображение 7 г (ново)
Recital 7 d (new)
(7г) Най-късно до средата на 2008 г. Комисията следва:
(7d ) The Commission sh ould by mid-2008 at the latest:
а) да представи изчерпателно законодателно предложение, което да възпрепятства достъпа до пазара на тропически дървен материал и продукти от него с незаконен и унищожителен произход;
(a) propose a comprehensive legislative proposal that prevents the placing of timber and timber products derived from illegal and destructive sources on the market ;
б) да представи съобщение за установяване на участието и подкрепата на ЕС за съществуващите и бъдещи всеобщи финансови механизми за насърчаване опазването на горите и намаляване на емисиите, причинени от обезлесяването, съгласно Рамковата конвенция на ООН по изменението на климата ( РКОНИК)/Протокола от Киото.
(b) present a Communication determining the EU's involvement and support for current and future global funding mechanisms for promoting forest protection and reducing emissions from deforestation under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( UNFCCC ) / Kyoto Protocol.
Съобщението следва да определи ангажимента на ЕС да предоставя средства за подпомагане на развиващите се страни да опазват горите си, да финансират мрежа от защитени зони и да насърчават икономически алтернативи на унищожението на горите.
The Communication should outline the EU’s commitment to provide funds to help developing countries protect their forests, finance a network of protected areas and promote economic alternatives to forest destruction.
По-специално, с цел да се гарантират действителни ползи за климата, биологичното разнообразие и хората, то следва да посочи минималните принципи и критерии, към които следва да се придържат тези механизми.
In particular , in order to ensure real benefits for the climate, biodiversity and people, it should outline the minimum principles and criteria that these instruments should adhere to.
Следва също така да определи приоритетни действия и зони, за които да бъде предоставено незабавно финансиране в рамките на стимулиращите механизми.
It should also identify priority actions and priority areas which should receive immediate funding under these incentive mechanisms.
The public consultation of the European Commission on additional options to combat illegal logging
The public consultation of the European Commission on additional options to combat illegal logging
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/forests/pdf/addloptionssynthfinal.pdf ), showed that a large majority of respondents prefer binding legislation that requires that only legally harvested timber and timber products are placed on the EU market.
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/forests/pdf/addloptionssynthfinal.pdf ), showed that a large majority of respondents prefer binding legislation that requires that only legally harvested timber and timber products are placed on the EU market.
The world’s ancient forests house two-thirds of land-based biodiversity although 80% of these forests have already been destroyed or degraded and the remainder is under threat.
The world’s ancient forests house two-thirds of land-based biodiversity although 80% of these forests have already been destroyed or degraded and the remainder is under threat.
Deforestation has been estimated to account for around 20% of global carbon emissions.
Deforestation has been estimated to account for around 20% of global carbon emissions.
The International Tropical Timber Agreement of 2006 can, at best, contribute to the broader objective of ensuring sustainable management of the world’s forests.
The International Tropical Timber Agreement of 2006 can, at best, contribute to the broader objective of ensuring sustainable management of the world’s forests.
Such management, in turn, has an important role to play in combating climate change, preserving biodiversity, upholding the human rights of indigenous peoples and contributing to sustainable development.
Such management, in turn, has an important role to play in combating climate change, preserving biodiversity, upholding the human rights of indigenous peoples and contributing to sustainable development.
However a tropical timber agreement can only provide part of an overall effective policy framework for the world’s forests.
However a tropical timber agreement can only provide part of an overall effective policy framework for the world’s forests.
Any agreement would need to form part of a more general approach also covering temperate forests, demand for timber products and traceability all along the supply chain.
Any agreement would need to form part of a more general approach also covering temperate forests, demand for timber products and traceability all along the supply chain.
Impact of Previous Agreements
Impact of Previous Agreements
Global deforestation continues.
Global deforestation continues.
According to OECD estimates, each year an area of original forest cover the size of Greece has been lost , threatening irreplaceable biodiversity with extinction and increasing the risk of global warming.
According to OECD estimates, each year an area of original forest cover the size of Greece has been lost , threatening irreplaceable biodiversity with extinction and increasing the risk of global warming.
Although it is more than 20 years since the 1 st tropical timber agreement was concluded, over-exploitation and illegal logging remain widespread.
Although it is more than 20 years since the 1 st tropical timber agreement was concluded, over-exploitation and illegal logging remain widespread.
Almost half of all logging activities in regions such as the Amazon, Congo Basin, South East Asia and Russia are illegal.
Almost half of all logging activities in regions such as the Amazon, Congo Basin, South East Asia and Russia are illegal.
Currently the FAO estimates that less than 7% of the global forest area is eco-labelled and less than 5% of tropical forests are managed sustainably.
Currently the FAO estimates that less than 7% of the global forest area is eco-labelled and less than 5% of tropical forests are managed sustainably.
This has not only led to substantial ongoing deforestation, with serious implications for the longer-term economic well-being of those living in these regions as well as for the healthy functioning of forest ecosystems, but also to violations of the rights of indigenous people.
This has not only led to substantial ongoing deforestation, with serious implications for the longer-term economic well-being of those living in these regions as well as for the healthy functioning of forest ecosystems, but also to violations of the rights of indigenous people.
Profits from the illegal exploitation of forests have been used to fund and prolong conflicts in a number of central African countries.
Profits from the illegal exploitation of forests have been used to fund and prolong conflicts in a number of central African countries.
Cheap imports of illegal timber and forest products, together with non-compliance with basic social and environmental standards, destabilise international markets, limit producer countries’ tax revenue and threaten higher-quality jobs in both importing and exporting countries.
Cheap imports of illegal timber and forest products, together with non-compliance with basic social and environmental standards, destabilise international markets, limit producer countries’ tax revenue and threaten higher-quality jobs in both importing and exporting countries.
They also undermine the position of those companies that behave responsibly and respect existing standards.
They also undermine the position of those companies that behave responsibly and respect existing standards.
Given the structure of the ITTO, such problems are far from surprising.
Given the structure of the ITTO, such problems are far from surprising.
The article defining the objectives of the previous and 2006 agreements starts “to promote the expansion and diversion of international trade” before moving on to speak about sustainability.
The article defining the objectives of the previous and 2006 agreements starts “to promote the expansion and diversion of international trade” before moving on to speak about sustainability.
Moreover the ITTO’s voting structure gives additional votes to producer countries that export more timber while consumer member countries’ votes are primarily determined by their average net imports of tropical timber.
Moreover the ITTO’s voting structure gives additional votes to producer countries that export more timber while consumer member countries’ votes are primarily determined by their average net imports of tropical timber.
Thus, for all the rhetoric about sustainability, the system is designed to give greatest influence to those who trade the most.
Thus, for all the rhetoric about sustainability, the system is designed to give greatest influence to those who trade the most.
There are few rewards for sustainable management or longer-term thinking.
There are few rewards for sustainable management or longer-term thinking.
At the same time, the structure of the 2006 agreement is heavily governmental.
At the same time, the structure of the 2006 agreement is heavily governmental.
It offers no explicit role in policy formulation for Parliamentarians or civil society.
It offers no explicit role in policy formulation for Parliamentarians or civil society.
Whilst there are provisions for biannual reviews, there is a lack of independent audit of the sustainability of members’ forestry management policies, or their impact on indigenous people.
Whilst there are provisions for biannual reviews, there is a lack of independent audit of the sustainability of members’ forestry management policies, or their impact on indigenous people.
Need for more joined-up policies
Need for more joined-up policies
Tropical forests are particularly important with regard to combating climate change as, on average, they store around 50% more carbon per hectare than trees in temperate zones.
Tropical forests are particularly important with regard to combating climate change as, on average, they store around 50% more carbon per hectare than trees in temperate zones.
As the Stern report concluded “a substantial body of evidence suggests that action to prevent further deforestation would be relatively cheap compared with other types of mitigation, if the right policies and institutional structures are put in place.”
As the Stern report concluded “a substantial body of evidence suggests that action to prevent further deforestation would be relatively cheap compared with other types of mitigation, if the right policies and institutional structures are put in place.”
It is sometimes argued that EU imports account for a relatively small proportion of the total production of tropical timber.
It is sometimes argued that EU imports account for a relatively small proportion of the total production of tropical timber.
However this overlooks the extent to which this timber is processed in third countries before being exported to Europe or the US as furniture.
However this overlooks the extent to which this timber is processed in third countries before being exported to Europe or the US as furniture.
The EU has sought to respond to concerns about illegal logging through Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPA) under the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade programme (FLEGT).
The EU has sought to respond to concerns about illegal logging through Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPA) under the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade programme (FLEGT).
Whilst such bilateral agreements present an opportunity within producing countries to drive change in the forest sector with regards to strengthening governance, improving and better implementing forest and environmental laws, as well as enabling dialogue between government and civil society, these agreements alone are insufficient to control the sale of illegal timber and timber products in the EU market.
Whilst such bilateral agreements present an opportunity within producing countries to drive change in the forest sector with regards to strengthening governance, improving and better implementing forest and environmental laws, as well as enabling dialogue between government and civil society, these agreements alone are insufficient to control the sale of illegal timber and timber products in the EU market.
VPAs have shortcomings (risk of circumvention, limited geographical scope, risk of laundering via third countries, etc.) that could undermine, or even contradict the objective of ending illegal timber imports.
VPAs have shortcomings (risk of circumvention, limited geographical scope, risk of laundering via third countries, etc.) that could undermine, or even contradict the objective of ending illegal timber imports.
Their enforceability also remains open to question.
Their enforceability also remains open to question.
VPAs could play a useful role provided they are underpinned by legally binding minimum standards to ensure that those taking part in VPAs do not fear being undercut by others who are not subject to such constraints.
VPAs could play a useful role provided they are underpinned by legally binding minimum standards to ensure that those taking part in VPAs do not fear being undercut by others who are not subject to such constraints.
Although a legally-binding system on a global scale remains a long way off, the European Union should begin to adopt legally binding standards internally as well as instruments for sanctioning non-compliance.
Although a legally-binding system on a global scale remains a long way off, the European Union should begin to adopt legally binding standards internally as well as instruments for sanctioning non-compliance.
In this context, it is disappointing that the Commission has yet to propose comprehensive legislation to ensure that only timber and timber products coming from legal sources and well managed forests are placed on the European market.
In this context, it is disappointing that the Commission has yet to propose comprehensive legislation to ensure that only timber and timber products coming from legal sources and well managed forests are placed on the European market.
In the absence of such legislation, reputable producers and traders will always be concerned that their position could be undermined by those only interested in minimising short term costs.
In the absence of such legislation, reputable producers and traders will always be concerned that their position could be undermined by those only interested in minimising short term costs.
In addition, public procurement policies that require timber and timber products to be derived from legal and sustainable sources have an important role to play in increasing the attractiveness of producing certified timber as well as showing public authorities’ practical commitment to this goal.
In addition, public procurement policies that require timber and timber products to be derived from legal and sustainable sources have an important role to play in increasing the attractiveness of producing certified timber as well as showing public authorities’ practical commitment to this goal.
Similarly labelling initiatives such as those of the Forest Stewardship Council, which enable consumers to be confident that the timber they are buying is not merely legal but originates from sustainably managed forests, can usefully supplement international agreements, provided the label is underpinned by independent verification.
Similarly labelling initiatives such as those of the Forest Stewardship Council, which enable consumers to be confident that the timber they are buying is not merely legal but originates from sustainably managed forests, can usefully supplement international agreements, provided the label is underpinned by independent verification.
Such certification is also an essential accompaniment to imports of agrofuels, if the climatic benefits of replacing fossil fuels are not to be vastly outweighed by increased CO 2 emissions arising from deforestation.
Such certification is also an essential accompaniment to imports of agrofuels, if the climatic benefits of replacing fossil fuels are not to be vastly outweighed by increased CO 2 emissions arising from deforestation.
The EU should ensure that nothing in its bilateral or multilateral trade agreements would limit the scope for implementing such policies.
The EU should ensure that nothing in its bilateral or multilateral trade agreements would limit the scope for implementing such policies.
This is of particular importance when it comes to the proposed trade agreement with the countries of South East Asia, where a meaningful sustainable development chapter must address the issues of forest preservation and the fight against illegal logging.
This is of particular importance when it comes to the proposed trade agreement with the countries of South East Asia, where a meaningful sustainable development chapter must address the issues of forest preservation and the fight against illegal logging.
Features of a stronger, more effective agreement
Features of a stronger, more effective agreement
It is disappointing that the 2006 ITTA did not represent a more radical change from the 1994 agreement in view of the limited impact this agreement has had.
It is disappointing that the 2006 ITTA did not represent a more radical change from the 1994 agreement in view of the limited impact this agreement has had.
Had the negotiators wished to tackle the core problem, they would have reversed the objectives of the ITTO and started from the need to ensure the protection and sustainable management of tropical forests and the restoration of forest areas that had been degraded.
Had the negotiators wished to tackle the core problem, they would have reversed the objectives of the ITTO and started from the need to ensure the protection and sustainable management of tropical forests and the restoration of forest areas that had been degraded.
Trade in tropical timber would then only be encouraged to the extent that it was compatible with those prior objectives.
Trade in tropical timber would then only be encouraged to the extent that it was compatible with those prior objectives.
Such a change would clearly have implications for the revenues of producer countries and their inhabitants who should not be expected to bear the costs of preserving what is a global resource.
Such a change would clearly have implications for the revenues of producer countries and their inhabitants who should not be expected to bear the costs of preserving what is a global resource.
As noted above, tropical forests have a crucial role to play in combating climate change.
As noted above, tropical forests have a crucial role to play in combating climate change.
The international community should therefore be ready to consider appropriate compensation schemes for those countries that decide to give priority to the longer-term objection of promoting sustainable forests rather than maximising short-term income.
The international community should therefore be ready to consider appropriate compensation schemes for those countries that decide to give priority to the longer-term objection of promoting sustainable forests rather than maximising short-term income.