natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Et ce ne sont pas des peines et des mesures disciplinaires qui permettront d'atteindre cet objectif, mais en intégrant le mineur à toutes les facettes de son entourage social et à tous les actes que ce dernier accomplit pour garantir son éducation, permettre son entrée normale sur le marché du travail, protéger son droit d'expression et lui permettre de participer activement à des processus de prise de décision aux niveaux local et national, en lui donnant la possibilité de participer à des activités créatives et d'avoir des loisirs.
However, this is not achieved through penalties and sanctions but by integrating them into all aspects and activities of their social environment - ensuring their education, smooth integration into the labour market, protecting their right to self expression and active participation in decision-makings at local and national level, offering them the possibility of creative leisure activities and recreation.
Comme cela a été mentionné plus haut, l'approche législative la mieux adaptée pour aborder le problème passe par la promotion de quatre concepts:
As noted above, the most appropriate legislative measures take the form of four 'de-';
- décriminalisation: les actes tels que les comportements délinquants ou les délits de moindre importance ne sont plus considérés comme des crimes,
- decriminalisation: i.e. the declassification of acts such as pre-delinquent behaviour or minor offences,
- dépénalisation: des peines cessent d'être appliquées pour la majorité des crimes et sont remplacées par des mesures d'éducation et de réinsertion,
- depenalisation: the abolition of penalties for the broad majority of offences and their substitution by educational and integrative measures,
- "déjuridictionnalisation": ce ne sont plus les tribunaux qui rendent la justice mais des médiateurs sociaux qui peuvent, en fonction du type de comportement délinquant, être des commissions scolaires (professeurs, élèves et parents), des associations locales ou de quartier (médiateur municipal, par exemple), des assistants sociaux, etc.,
- dejudicialisation: transferring the administration of justice from the courts to social mediators which may be, depending on the type of delinquent behaviour, school committees (teachers, pupils and parents), associations at neighbourhood or local level (e.g. social ombudsman), social workers etc.,
- désinstitutionalisation: éviter les condamnations à des peines de réclusion dans des maisons de correction ou des centres de redressement.
- deinstitutionalisation: avoiding custodial sentences in correctional or penitentiary institutions.
Le rôle de la famille
The role of the family
- La famille en tant que facteur et cause: l'influence des conditions familiales extérieures (relatives à la composition de la famille) et intérieures (relatives à son fonctionnement) est décisive.
- The family as a factor and a cause: the impact of external (relating to the structure of the family) and internal (relating to how it operates) family conditions is crucial.
Le manque de surveillance et de contrôle de la part des parents, mais aussi le comportement délinquant des parents eux-mêmes, sont considérés comme des facteurs particulièrement aggravants.
The lack of supervision and control by parents and delinquent behaviour by the parents themselves are considered to be particularly aggravating factors.
- La famille dans le cadre des politiques de prévention: la famille, considérée comme agent de socialisation, contribue, de son côté, à apprendre à obéir aux lois et à les respecter.
- The family in the context of prevention policies: the family as a socialising institution helps cultivate compliance with and respect for the law.
- La famille pendant le processus de réinsertion sociale: l'effort de réinsertion débute principalement par l'intégration dans l'ensemble familial et par le rétablissement des relations avec les parents et les autres membres de la famille.
- The family during the process of social reintegration: the main launch pad for the reintegration process is to incorporate the juvenile within the family as a whole by restoring relations with parents and the other members of the family.
Ensuite, la fourniture, à ce stade, d'un soutien financier, social et psychologique au mineur joue un rôle déterminant dans la réussite de son effort.
It is also crucial at this stage to provide the juvenile with financial, social and psychological support if the outcome is to be successful.
- La famille au stade de la procédure pénale: il est particulièrement important que l'enfant demeure en contact avec les membres de sa famille dans le cas d'une réclusion dans un centre éducatif, alors qu'il est indispensable que les parents surveillent et gardent le mineur dans le cas de mesures alternatives.
- The family at the stage of the penal process: where the juvenile receives a custodial sentence in an institution, it is particularly important that he continues to have contact with the members of his family, whereas in the event of alternative measures, the supervision and care of the juvenile's parents are essential.
De plus, il est nécessaire, aussi bien au cours de la procédure d'audition des témoins que lors de l'accomplissement de la peine, non seulement que les parents assurent une présence active, mais qu'ils reçoivent aussi une formation et des informations qui leur permettront de soutenir l'enfant de manière appropriée.
It is also essential that the parents be actively involved during the legal proceedings and while the juvenile is serving his sentence and receive ongoing training and information to enable them to provide appropriate support for their child.
Le rôle de l'école
The role of the school
- L'école comme lieu d'expression du comportement délinquant: la violence scolaire constitue une forme particulière de délinquance des mineurs qui permet à ces derniers soit d'exprimer des hostilités engendrées d'emblée dans l'environnement scolaire, soit de transférer dans cet environnement des problèmes qui se produisent ou au niveau de la famille ou du quartier à une plus vaste échelle ou encore de la communauté.
- The school as a place of expression of delinquent behaviour: violence at school is a particular form of juvenile delinquency used either to express antagonism created at the outset in the school environment or to transfer to that environment family problems or problems associated with the broader neighbourhood.
- L'école comme catalyseur: l'école moderne est largement multiculturelle et marquée par les différences de classes.
- The school as the underlying cause: present day school is extremely class-bound and multicultural.
Quand les professeurs et les parents échouent à mettre en lumière les différences entre les camarades de classe et à enseigner la tolérance et le respect de l'"autre", de l'"étranger", les élèves incapables d'intégrer ces concepts dans leur culture réagissent et se comportent violemment, en endossant, selon les circonstances, le rôle du bourreau ou celui de la victime.
- Where teachers and parents failed to clarify the differences between fellow pupils and cultivate tolerance and respect for others and their differences, pupils unable assimilate such concepts react and behave violently, and, depending on the circumstances, assume the role of victim or victimiser.
- L'école comme vecteur de lutte contre ce phénomène: l'école et ses employés doivent intervenir de manière corrective et stimulante, sans considérer un mineur comme un cas irrécupérable, ce qui conduit à sa marginalisation.
- The school as an institution for combating delinquency: the school and its teachers should intervene in a corrective and empowering way and not classify individual juveniles as incorrigible, thereby marginalising them.
Le professeur doit replacer l'agressivité de ses élèves dans un contexte social, en insistant sur les côtés positifs des élèves agressifs.
Teachers should socialise the aggressiveness of their pupils, emphasising the positive sides of their aggressive pupils.
De plus, l'école constitue le premier lieu de mise en œuvre de plans innovants pour lutter contre la délinquance des mineurs: voir le système scolaire de règlement des conflits (dans lequel les élèves sont eux-mêmes médiateurs), la justice réparatrice (dans laquelle l'élève assume la réparation des dommages qu'il a causés), ou la coopération entre écoles dans des programmes de lutte contre la violence.
School is also the primary setting for the implementation of innovative projects to combat juvenile delinquency, such as the school system for resolving conflicts, with pupils themselves acting as mediators, restorative justice, where the pupil undertakes to make good the damage he has caused and cooperation between schools on anti-violence programmes.
- L'école comme agent de prévention: l'école crée des structures de soutien qui évitent la stigmatisation et permettent aux élèves de se sentir acceptés; elle fonctionne également comme un "lieu de dialogue" et doit se montrer lucide, disponible et réceptive.
- The school as a preventive institution: schools create support facilities which prevent stigmatisation and make pupils feel accepted and operate as a 'sphere of dialogue', providing answers in the form of clarity, availability and responsiveness.
- La participation sociale à la lutte contre la violence à l'école: les actions de lutte contre la violence à l'école constituent un exemple caractéristique de participation sociale à grande échelle, impliquant de nombreux acteurs sociaux (professeurs, psychologues, associations de parents, médiateurs municipaux et autorités), qui, tous, se partagent les responsabilités et travaillent de concert.
- Involvement of society in combating violence in schools: measures to combat violence in schools are a typical example of broad social involvement and the joint responsibility of numerous social institutions; teachers, psychologists, parents associations, teachers associations, community mediators and local authorities, all share the responsibilities and work together.
La dimension européenne
The European dimension
Le principal argument avancé contre le déploiement d'efforts visant, au niveau de l'UE, à élaborer des normes et des méthodes communes pour lutter contre la délinquance des mineurs a trait à la divergence des réglementations pénales nationales dans ce domaine, surtout lorsqu'il s'agit de définir à quel âge un enfant est considéré comme mineur et quels actes constituent un comportement délinquant.
The main argument against attempting to establish common EU models and methods for combating juvenile delinquency is that such an undertaking comes into conflict with various national criminal law provisions, particularly in regard to what age constitutes 'juvenile' and what acts constitute delinquent behaviour.
D'un autre côté, les études réalisées au niveau national concernant les causes, la recrudescence de certaines formes de comportement délinquant et le recul d'autres formes de délinquance, mais aussi le fait que des sanctions alternatives soient désormais préférées aux systèmes pénaux (réclusion des mineurs dans des maisons de correction, par exemple), présentent des similitudes particulièrement frappantes.
On the other hand, however, national surveys of the causes of delinquent behaviour, showing an increase in some forms of it and decrease in others, and a new approach by the penal systems, which are seeking alternatives to custodial sentences for juveniles are some of the points which reflect striking similarities.
Ces similitudes nous conduisent à deux conclusions.
These similarities lead us to two conclusions.
D'une part, les modèles conventionnels et traditionnels de gestion pénale, qui ne permettent plus de faire face aux défis qui se posent actuellement dans la plupart des États membres, ont désormais atteint leurs limites.
Firstly, that the conventional and traditional models of penal management have now reached their limits and can no longer meet the current challenges in most Member States.
D'autre part, ces défis, mais aussi les méthodes retenues par les États membres pour y faire face, accusent de fortes similitudes d'un État membre à l'autre.
Secondly, that these current challenges, and the Member States' methods of responding to them are strikingly similar.
Ce sont certainement ces similitudes qui, aujourd'hui, rendent possibles et justifient la création d'un projet et la mise en œuvre de mesures au niveau européen.
It is precisely these similarities that now make it feasible and warranted to plan and implement measures at European level.
Qui plus est, compte tenu de la possibilité offerte aux jeunes de circuler librement à l'intérieur de l'UE et de l'utilisation étendue d'internet, ainsi que des nouvelles technologies et des nouvelles formes de communication qui élargissent significativement la notion de localisation d'un délit, l'approche européenne n'apparaît plus seulement comme possible et justifiée, mais comme indispensable.
In particular, if we also take into account the ability of young people to move freely within the EU, the widespread use of the Internet, and the new forms of technology and communication significantly broadens the notion of the scene of a crime, then a European approach is not only feasible and warranted, it is also essential.
Quant aux meilleures pratiques nationales, les traditions et les expériences dans ce domaine sont d'ores et déjà considérables.
As regards best national practices, there is already a significant body of national tradition and experience, for example:
- les procédés d'analyse des personnes et des régions à haut risque, basés sur un système électronique d'enregistrement en Bavière (liste "PROPER"), qui pose cependant un certain problème concernant le rôle de la police et une violation éventuelle des droits des mineurs;
- methods of analysing high-risk individuals and areas using an electronic recording system in the region of Bavaria (the PROPER list) though with some reservations about the role of the police and possible violation of juveniles' rights
- l'organisation d'une "journée de la sécurité à l'école" en Lettonie, durant laquelle des policiers se rendent dans des écoles pour informer les élèves;
- the organisation of a 'day of safety at school' in Latvia with schools visits by police officers and information for pupils;
- l'organisation d'excursions regroupant élèves et délinquants mineurs, qui peuvent ainsi se sentir plus proches dans un environnement social convivial et organisé;
- the organisation of joint excursions for pupils and juvenile offenders to give the latter closer contact with a friendly and organised social environment;
- l'élaboration, par des commissions spécifiques dont le siège se situe dans des communes ou des communautés d'Irlande, de programmes d'agrément, pour permettre aux jeunes de renoncer à des comportements antisociaux ou délinquants (" Garda Youth Diversion Projects ");
- the development of recreational programmes to divert young people from antisocial or delinquent behaviour by special committees in municipalities and communities in Ireland (Garda Youth Diversion Projects);
- l'instauration du " Children's Reporter " et d'accords volontaires entres les familles, les mineurs et les autorités locales, connus sous le nom de " Acceptable Behaviour Contracts " (ABCs) en Écosse; et
- the Children's Reporter and voluntary agreements between families, juveniles and local authorities known as Acceptable Behaviour Contracts (ABCs) in Scotland;
- le protocole d'accord passé entre le ministère grec de la santé et les ONG concernant un partage des compétences entre les autorités officielles et les ONG et le rôle de chacune d'entre elles.
- the memorandum of understanding between the Hellenic Ministry of Health and NGOs concerning the role and separation of powers between the official authorities and the NGOs.
L'UE doit coordonner et promouvoir des politiques de réforme, qui ne viseront pas seulement à l'adoption immédiate de mesures de lutte contre la délinquance des mineurs, mais aussi, et surtout, à des mesures et politiques complémentaires axées sur l'instauration d'un équilibre entre la politique familiale, la politique de socialisation de l'éducation, la lutte – essentielle – contre la pauvreté et l'exclusion sociale, l'intégration sociale totale et normale des migrants et la création de principes culturels communs.
The EU should coordinate and promote reforming policies including not only immediate measures for combating juvenile delinquency but above all additional measures and initiatives designed to achieve balanced family policy, the socialisation of educational policy, effective action to combat poverty and social exclusion, smooth and full social integration of immigrants and the establishment of common cultural principles.
Les enfants "méchants" ne sont que trop souvent des enfants "tristes".
'Bad' children are usually also 'distressed' children.
C'est à nous de leur faire retrouver le sourire.
We should return the smile to their faces.
La délinquance juvénile: le rôle des femmes, de la famille et de la société
Juvenile delinquency, the role of women, the family and society
FEMM 18.1.2007
FEMM 18.1.2007
Katerina Batzeli 20.12.2006
Katerina Batzeli 20.12.2006
Katerina Batzeli, Edite Estrela, Věra Flasarová, Lissy Gröner, Zita Gurmai, Esther Herranz García, Lívia Járóka, Astrid Lulling, Marie Panayotopoulos-Cassiotou, Christa Prets, Karin Resetarits, Teresa Riera Madurell, Eva-Britt Svensson, Anna Záborská
Katerina Batzeli, Edite Estrela, Věra Flasarová, Lissy Gröner, Zita Gurmai, Esther Herranz García, Lívia Járóka, Astrid Lulling, Marie Panayotopoulos-Cassiotou, Christa Prets, Karin Resetarits, Teresa Riera Madurell, Eva-Britt Svensson, Anna Záborská
по предложението за регламент на Съвета за изменение на Регламент (ЕО) № 601/2004 на Съвета от 22 март 2004 г. за определяне на някои контролни мерки за риболовната дейност в зоната, обхваната от Конвенцията за опазване на живите морски ресурси на Антарктика, и за отмяна на Регламенти (ЕИО) № 3943/90, (ЕО) № 66/98 и (ЕО) № 1721/1999
on the proposal for a Council regulation amending Council Regulation (EC) No 601/2004 of 22 March 2004 laying down certain control measures applicable to fishing activities in the area covered by the Convention on the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources and repealing Regulations (EEC) No 3943/90, (EC) No 66/98 and (EC) No 1721/1999
PE 386.492v01-00
PE 386.492v02-00
ИЗЛОЖЕНИЕ НА МОТИВИТЕ.............................................................................................14
EXPLANATORY STATEMENT..............................................................................................12
относно предложението за регламент на Съвета за изменение на Регламент (ЕО) № 601/2004 на Съвета от 22 март 2004 г. за определяне на някои контролни мерки за риболовната дейност в зоната, обхваната от Конвенцията за опазване на живите морски ресурси на Антарктика, и за отмяна на Регламенти (ЕИО) № 3943/90, (ЕО) № 66/98 и (ЕО) № 1721/1999
on the proposal for a Council regulation on amending Council Regulation (EC) No 601/2004 of 22 March 2004 laying down certain control measures applicable to fishing activities in the area covered by the Convention on the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources and repealing Regulations (EEC) No 3943/90, (EC) No 66/98 and (EC) No 1721/1999
– като взе предвид предложението на Комисията до Съвета ( COM(2006)0867 )
– having regard to the Commission proposal to the Council ( COM(2006)0867 )
Все още непубликуван в ОВ ,
Not yet published in OJ. ,
– като взе предвид член 37 от Договора за ЕО, съгласно който Съветът се е допитал до него ( C6‑0054/2007 ),
– having regard to Article 37 of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6‑0054/2007 ),
– като взе предвид доклада на Комисията по рибно стопанство ( A6‑0213/2007 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Fisheries ( A6‑0213/2007 ),
Текст, предложен от Комисията 1
Text proposed by the Commission
ЧЛЕН 1, ТОЧКА 2 А (НОВА)
ARTICLE 1, POINT 2 A (NEW)
(2а) Добавя се член 5а, както следва:
The following Article 5a is inserted:
„Член 5а
'Article 5a
Нотифициране на намерението за улов на крил (Euphasia)
Notifications of intent to participate in a krill fishery
Всяка страна по Конвенцията , която има намерение да осъществява улов на крил (Euphasia) в зоната на действие на Конвенцията, следва да нотифицира секретариата на CCAMLR за въпросното намерение не по-късно от четири месеца преди редовното годишно заседание на CCAMLR, състоящо се непосредствено преди началото на сезона, през който тя възнамерява да осъществява подобен улов“
All Contracting Parties intending to fish for krill in the Convention area shall notify the CCAMLR Secretariat of their intent not less than four months in advance of the regular annual meeting of the CCAMLR immediately prior to the season in which they intend to fish.'
ЧЛЕН 1, ТОЧКА 2 Б (НОВА)
ARTICLE 1, POINT 2 B (NEW)
Член 6, параграф 3 (Регламент (ЕО) № 601/2004)
Article 6, paragraph 3 (Regulation (EC) No 601/2004)
Държавата на флага нотифицира Комисията не по-късно от четири месеца преди редовното годишно заседание на CCAMLR относно намерението на риболовен съд от Общността да развива нова риболовна дейност в зоната на действие на Конвенцията.
The flag Member State shall notify the Commission not later than four months in advance of the ordinary annual meeting of the CCAMLR of the intention of a Community fishing vessel to develop a new fishery in the Convention area.
Въпросната нотификация се придружава от възможно най-изчерпателната информация, която държавата-членка е в състояние да предостави относно:
This notification shall be accompanied by as much of the following information as the Member State is able to provide:
а) естеството на заявената риболовна дейност, включително целеви видове, методи на улов, заявен район на улов и минимални равнища на улов, за да бъде риболовната дейност икономически изгодна;
a) the nature of the proposed fishery, including target species, methods of fishing, the proposed fishery region and any minimum level of catches required to develop a viable fishery;
б) биологически данни, предоставени от експедиции за изследвания и наблюдение, относно разпределението, изобилието, популациите и естество на видовете;
b) biological information from comprehensive research/survey cruises, such as distribution, abundance, population data and information on stock identity;
в) подробна информация относно зависимите и свързани видове и вероятността въпросните видове да бъдат засегнати по какъвто и да е начин от заявената риболовна дейност;
c) details of dependent and associated species and the likelihood of such species being affected in any way at all by the proposed fishery;
г) информация, получена от други риболовни дейности, осъществявани във въпросния район, или от подобни дейности, осъществявани в други райони, която може да способства за оценка на потенциалните количества на улов;
d) information from other fisheries in the region or similar fisheries elsewhere that may assist in the evaluation of potential yield;
д) в случаи на използване на дънни тралове за целите на предвидения улов, информация относно известното и предвиденото отражение на тези мрежи върху уязвими морски екосистеми, включително бентоса и бентосните съобщества.
e) if the proposed fish will be taken using bottom trawl gear, information on the known and anticipated impacts of this gear on vulnerable marine ecosystems, including benthos and benthic communities.'
Член 7 б, буква а) (Регламент (ЕО) № 601/2004)
Article 7 b, point (a) (Regulation (EC) No 601/2004)
а) екземпляри на Dissostichus spp . се маркират и пускат отново на свобода, като на тон уловена жива риба през сезона се маркира един екземпляр съгласно протокола за маркиране на CCAMLR.
(a) Dissostichus spp. individuals shall be tagged and released at a rate of one individual per tonne of green weight catch throughout the season in accordance with the CCAMLR Tagging Protocol.