natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Dans un souci de protection du consommateur, votre Rapporteure vous propose la formule suivante: "sans préjudice de l’application des conventions internationales relatives au conflit de lois, et en particulier de la convention de Rome I, le consommateur bénéficie des dispositions impératives de la loi de son lieu de résidence habituelle."
In the interests of consumer protection, your rapporteur proposes the following formula: ‘without prejudice to the application of international agreements on the conflict of laws, and in particular the Rome I convention, the consumer shall benefit from the mandatory provisions of the legislation of their habitual residence’ .
III: Contenu de l'instrument horizontal
III: Content of the horizontal instrument
Définitions du consommateur et du professionnel
Definitions of consumer and professional
Votre Rapporteure préconise l'inclusion dans la définition du consommateur, des seules personnes physiques agissant à des fins qui n'entrent pas dans le cadre de leur activité professionnelle.
Your rapporteur recommends including in the definition of ‘consumer’ only natural persons acting for purposes which are outside their trade, business or profession.
En effet, l'écartement systématique des personnes morales de cette notion se justifie par l'objectif de clarté poursuivi.
The systematic exclusion of legal persons from this definition is justified in the interests of clarity.
Il convient d’adopter des critères aussi objectifs que possible: la "taille" de l’entreprise est une notion susceptible de trop d’interprétation.
Criteria should be adopted which are as objective as possible: company ‘size’ is a concept that is too open to interpretation.
Votre Rapporteure privilégie l'approche négative de la finalité de l’accord, puisque celle-ci semble prévaloir, tant en droit communautaire que dans les législations nationales.
Your rapporteur favours the negative approach of the purpose of the agreement, as that seems to prevail in both Community law and national legislation.
Le consommateur n’étant protégé que dans le cas où il contracte avec un professionnel, votre Rapporteur préconise une définition simple et claire de cette notion, mettant fin à la multiplicité des termes utilisés (vendeur, fournisseur, distributeur).
As the consumer is only protected when he enters into a contract with a professional, your rapporteur recommends a simple and clear definition of this concept, and ending the use of multiple terms (seller, supplier, distributor, etc.).
A cet égard, il n’est pas nécessaire de distinguer selon la nature de l’activité exercée (commerciale, industrielle, artisanale, libérale), dès lors que cette activité est pratiquée à titre professionnel.
It is then not necessary to make distinctions based on the nature of the activity pursued (commercial, industrial, craft, professional); it is sufficient that it is exercised on a professional basis.
Il va sans dire que le professionnel peut être une personne physique ou morale.
Obviously the professional can be a natural or legal person.
Les clauses abusives
Unfair terms
Actuellement, les dispositions relatives aux clauses contractuelles abusives ne s’appliquent qu’aux clauses n’ayant pas fait l’objet d’une négociation individuelle.
Currently the provisions on unfair contractual terms only apply to terms that have not been individually negotiated.
Votre Rapporteure estime que, dans certains cas, il pourrait être nécessaire de protéger le consommateur à l’égard de clauses ayant fait l’objet d’une négociation individuelle.
Your rapporteur considers that, in certain cases, it could be necessary to protect consumers even where terms have been individually negotiated.
Certes, la liberté contractuelle doit demeurer le principe, mais le consommateur n’est pas toujours apte à mesurer la portée de ses engagements face à un professionnel doté d’une compétence technique.
Obviously the principle of contractual freedom must be maintained, but the consumer is not always able judge the effect of his commitments faced with a professional having technical expertise.
La liste annexée à l’actuelle directive est purement indicative et fait donc l’objet d’interprétations différentes selon les États membres.
The list annexed to the current directive is purely indicative and is consequently subject to differing interpretations by the Member States.
Afin de renforcer la confiance des consommateurs dans le marché intérieur, votre Rapporteure préconise l'instauration d’un dispositif, flexible, plus protecteur:
In order to enhance consumer confidence in the internal market, your rapporteur recommends establishing a flexible arrangement providing greater protection.
- Clauses interdites: courte liste de clauses caractérisant les déséquilibres contractuels les plus importants.
- Banned terms: a short list of terms characterising the most important contractual imbalances;
- Clauses présumées abusives: liste de clauses dont le professionnel pourrait démontrer le caractère non abusif.
- Terms presumed to be unfair: a list of terms which the professional could demonstrate not to be unfair;
- Autres clauses: toutes autres clauses dont le consommateur pourrait démontrer le caractère abusif par la voie d'une action en justice.
- Other terms: all other terms which the consumer could demonstrate to be unfair by means of legal action.
Portée de l’appréciation du caractère abusif
Scope of the unfairness test
Votre Rapporteure recommande l'extension de l’appréciation du caractère abusif à toutes les clauses centrales du contrat, y compris celles portant sur l’objet principal et l’appréciation du prix.
Your rapporteur recommends widening the unfairness test to all the core terms of a contract, including the main subject matter of the contract and the assessment of the price.
En effet, certains contrats d’assurance, par exemple, comportent des clauses d’exclusion de garantie dont le caractère abusif peut être écarté en vertu des dispositions actuelles, car cette garantie constitue justement l’objet du contrat.
Certain insurance contracts, for example, contain terms on exclusion of guarantee which under the current provisions cannot be deemed unfair because it is precisely the guarantee which is the subject of the contract.
Le droit de rétractation
Right of withdrawal
Durée et modalités de calcul
Duration and calculation method
Votre Rapporteure préconise une unification des modalités de calcul du délai, en optant pour le calcul calendaire (incluant les jours fériés dans la mesure où ils sont différents selon les États membres).
Your rapporteur recommends standardising the methods for calculating the duration by opting for a calendar-based calculation (including public holidays because they differ in each of the Member States).
Il convient également de fixer de façon non équivoque le point de départ du délai.
The start of the period should also be fixed unequivocally.
Votre Rapporteure propose de fixer ce point de départ au moment où le consommateur est en mesure de donner un consentement libre et éclairé, c’est-à-dire lorsqu'il a le bien entre les mains.
Your rapporteur proposes fixing that starting point at the moment when the consumer is able to give free and informed consent, i.e. when he is in possession of the goods.
En revanche, votre Rapporteure estime que la durée du délai ne semble pas pouvoir être unifiée.
However, your rapporteur does not consider that the period can be made uniform.
Les États membres ont, en cette matière, des traditions différentes auxquelles ils se déclarent attachés.
This is an area in which Member States have different traditions to which they are attached.
Par ailleurs, les délais répondent à des objectifs différents qui justifient certainement des durées variables.
In addition, these periods correspond to different objectives which certainly justify variable durations.
En matière de vente à distance, il s’agit de permettre au consommateur de se déterminer sur un bien qu’il n’a pas eu entre les mains au moment de contracter, alors que dans l’hypothèse du démarchage à domicile, il s’agit de l’autoriser à revenir sur une décision qui aurait pu être prise par surprise.
As regards distance selling, it is a matter of allowing the consumer to make up his mind about an item which he did not have in his possession at the moment the contract was concluded, while in the case of doorstep selling it is a matter of authorising the consumer to change a decision which may have been taken hurriedly.
Modalité d’exercice
Method of exercising the right
Des divergences importantes existent entre les États membres et entre les directives (simple écrit, lettre recommandée, retour de la marchandise).
Major divergences exist between the Member States and between the directives (simply in writing, by registered letter, return of goods).
Par ailleurs, certaines pratiques entravant l’exercice du droit de rétractation tendent à se développer (obligation d'obtenir un numéro de retour avant de renvoyer les articles, obligation d'envoi dans l'emballage d’origine non endommagé…).
Moreover, certain practices which hinder the right of withdrawal (obligation to obtain a return number before sending the items back, obligation to return an item in the original, undamaged packing, etc.) are tending to emerge.
Enfin, le développement des nouvelles technologies plaide pour que l’envoi d’un simple courriel suffise à l'expression de la rétractation.
What is more, the development of new technologies provides an argument for a simple e-mail to be sufficient to indicate withdrawal.
De l'avis de votre Rapporteure, la confiance du consommateur dans le marché intérieur sera grandement renforcée si l’instrument horizontal prévoit que celui-ci puisse se rétracter par tout moyen , à charge pour lui d’apporter la preuve de sa rétractation.
In the opinion of your rapporteur, consumer confidence in the internal market will be greatly enhanced if the horizontal instrument permits withdrawal by any means, it being the consumer’s responsibility to provide proof of his withdrawal.
Vente des biens de consommation
Consumer sales
Définition de la notion de livraison et réglementation du transfert du risque
Definition of delivery and rules on passing of risk
Actuellement, la question de savoir qui assume le risque et le coût de la détérioration du bien vendu est réglée de façon différente selon les États membres.
Currently, the question of who assumes the risk and the cost of any deterioration of the goods sold is regulated differently depending on the Member State concerned.
Pour certains, le risque passe à la charge de l’acheteur au moment de la conclusion du contrat, pour d’autres, le transfert du risque s’opère au moment de la livraison.
In some Member States, the risk passes to the buyer at the moment the contract is concluded, while in others the risk passes at the moment of delivery.
Votre Rapporteure propose d’inclure ces deux questions de manière conjointe dans l’instrument horizontal.
Your rapporteur proposes including these two issues jointly in the horizontal instrument.
Afin d'apporter une protection adéquate au consommateur, votre Rapporteure estime que la livraison doit s’entendre comme le moment où le consommateur prend physiquement possession des biens, sauf si les parties en ont convenu autrement; Le transfert du risque s’opérant au moment de la livraison.
In order to provide appropriate protection for the consumer, your rapporteur believes that delivery should be defined as the moment when the consumer takes physical possession of the goods, unless the parties have agreed otherwise.
Votre Rapporteur estime qu'il n'est pas pertinent que l'instrument horizontal introduise la responsabilité directe des producteurs pour non-conformité.
Your rapporteur does not consider it appropriate for the horizontal instrument to introduce direct producers’ liability for non-conformity.
En effet, la directive relative à certains aspects de la vente et des garanties des biens de consommation a fait l’objet d’une transposition très récente dans certains États membres et l’on ne dispose pas du recul nécessaire pour apprécier la pertinence de modifications éventuelles.
The directive on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees has very recently been transposed in certain Member States and it is too early too assess the appropriateness of any modifications.
Par ailleurs, l’introduction de la responsabilité directe du producteur semble soulever nombre de difficultés juridiques, dont certaines relèvent du droit des contrats (comme la remise en cause de l’effet relatif des contrats).
MOREOVER, INTRODUCING DIRECT PRODUCERS’ LIABILITY FOR NON-CONFORMITY WOULD APPEAR TO RAISE A NUMBER OF LEGAL DIFFICULTIES, SOME OF WHICH ARE THE SUBJECT OF CONTRACT LAW (E.G. CHALLENGING THE PRINCIPLE OF PRIVITY OF CONTRACTS).
СТАНОВИЩЕ на комисията по икономически и парични въпроси
OPINION OF THE COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC AND MONETARY AFFAIRS
по Зелената книга за преразглеждане на достиженията на правото на Общността за защита на потребителите
on Green Paper on the Review of the Consumer Acquis
Комисията по икономически и парични въпроси приканва водещата комисия по вътрешния пазар и защита на потребителите да включи в предложението за резолюция, което ще приеме, следните предложения:
The Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs calls on the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection, as the committee responsible, to incorporate the following suggestions in its motion for a resolution:
Силно подкрепя преразглеждането на достиженията на правото на Общността за защита на потребителите, като счита това за изключително важно с оглед на подобряването на функционирането на вътрешния пазар, привличането на инвестиции и постигането на устойчив растеж и заетост в съответствие с преразгледаната Лисабонска стратегия;
Strongly supports the review of the consumer acquis, which it considers to be of the greatest importance for improving the functioning of the internal market, attracting investment and achieving sustainable growth and employment in line with the revised Lisbon Strategy;
Припомня, че настоящото становище се отнася главно за потребителските аспекти на сектора на финансовите услуги и преките инвестиции;
Recalls that this opinion relates mainly to the consumer aspects of the financial services sector and direct investment;
Посочва, че преразглеждането на достиженията на правото на Общността за защита на потребителите трябва да се извърши с участието на заинтересованите страни, в съответствие с принципите на доброто управление; подчертава, че с оглед на подобряването на надеждността и функционирането на вътрешния пазар, във финансовата област е особено важно следното:
Points out that the review of the consumer acquis must be carried out with the participation of stakeholders, in accordance with the principles of good governance; emphasises that, in the financial field, the following are of particular importance for improving the reliability and functioning of the internal market:
- изготвяне на годишен доклад относно оплакванията и исковете, подадени от потребители в тази област;
- drawing up an annual report on complaints and claims by users in this area,
- разработване на образователни програми и програми за насърчаване на финансовата култура;
- carrying out education programmes and programmes to promote a financial culture;
Подчертава значението на функционирането на директива за достиженията на правото на Общността за защита на потребителите; изразява съжаление поради факта, че Директива 87/102/ЕИО на Съвета от 22 декември 1986 г. относно сближаването на законовите, подзаконовите и административните разпоредби на държавите-членки в областта на потребителския кредит
Stresses the importance of a functioning consumer acquis directive; regrets the fact that Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit
Подкрепя основаващия се на определен принцип подход вместо подход с препоръчителен характер; изразява необходимостта от оценяване на обстоятелствата, при които хоризонталният подход би позволил приспособяването на специфичното за сектора законодателство, което да отразява действителния риск за потребителите; счита, че при необходимост, освен общите правила и в съответствие с наскоро публикуваната Зелена книга за финансовите услуги на дребно на единния пазар ( COM(2007)0226 ), следва да се прилагат специфични правила за защита на потребителите в сектора на финансовите услуги, подчертава обаче, че при изготвянето или преразглеждането на законодателството следва да се разгледа насърчаването на интегриран, всеобхватен и систематичен подход, съответстващ на достиженията на правото на Общността за защита на потребителите и на принципите за по-добро регулиране;
Supports a principles-based, rather than prescriptive, approach; expresses the need to evaluate under what circumstances a horizontal approach would allow the tailoring of sector-specific legislation, so as to reflect the actual risk for consumers; believes that special consumer protection rules in the financial services sector should be applied, if appropriate, over general rules and in line with the recently published Green Paper on Retail Financial Services in the Single Market ( COM(2006)0226 ); stresses, however, that when formulating or reviewing legislation, consideration should be given to promoting an integrated, comprehensive and systematic approach consistent with the consumer acquis and in line with the principles of better regulation;
Отбелязва, че прилагането на разпоредбите на Директивата относно пазарите на финансови инструменти ще осигури на инвеститорите на дребно в Европейския съюз по-високо равнище на потребителска защита;
Notes that the implementation of MiFID rules will bring a higher level of consumer protection to retail investors in the EU;
Приветства намерението на Комисията да опрости и осъвремени съществуващата законодателна рамка, което ще улесни трансграничната търговия и ще увеличи доверието на потребителите;
Welcomes the Commission's intention to simplify and modernise the existing legislative framework, thus facilitating cross-border trade, promoting investment and strengthening consumer confidence;
Приветства амбицията на Комисията да опрости и осъвремени достиженията на съществуващото право на Общността за защита на потребителите, което ще доведе до улесняване на трансграничната търговия и засилване на доверието на потребителите;
Welcomes the Commission's ambition to simplify and modernise the existing consumer acquis, thus facilitating cross-border trade and strengthening consumer confidence;
Отбелязва, че въпреки възможността за трансгранична търговия с инвестиционни продукти като предприятията за колективно инвестиране в прехвърлими ценни книжа (ПКИПЦК) или застраховките живот, все още съществуват проблеми по отношение на класическите банкови услуги на дребно, като ипотечни кредити, потребителски кредити и банкови сметки;
Notes that, whereas investment products such as UCITS or life- insurance can be sold cross-border, issues remain concerning classical retail banking services, such as mortgage credits, consumer credits and bank accounts;
Припомня предвид окончателния доклад и препоръките на своята временна анкетна комисия по кризата в осигурителната компания "Equitable Life", че нито потребителите, нито доставчиците на услуги са винаги в състояние да определят коя правна уредба е приложима към всеки аспект на тяхната дейност, т. е. дали се прилагат разпоредбите на гражданското право или нормативната уредба на приемащата страна или страната на произход;
Recalls, in view of the final report and Recommendations of its Temporary Committee of Enquiry into the Crisis of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, that neither consumers nor service providers are always able to determine which legal regime is applicable to each aspect of their activities, that is, whether the civil law or the regulatory regime of the host or home country applies;
Призовава Комисията да определи ясно взаимодействието между инструментите на международното частно право и инструментите на вътрешния пазар, за да установи по недвусмислен начин кога се прилага законодателството или уредбата на страната на произход или приемащата страна и за да отстрани пропуските в режима на отговорност, приложим по отношение на доставчиците на услуги;
Calls on the Commission to define clearly the interaction between private international law instruments and internal market instruments with a view to leaving no doubt as to when home or host country legislation or regulation applies and to leave no gaps in the liability regime applicable to service providers;
Припомня дискусията относно колективното обезщетяване и счита, че този въпрос заслужава допълнително разглеждане, въпреки националните различия в правилата за осъществяване на дейност; изисква Комисията да предостави научна и правна оценка за колективно обезщетяване;
Recalls the discussion on collective redress and believes it deserves further consideration, despite national differences in the conduct of business rules; requests the Commission to submit a scientific and legal assessment of collective redress;
Подкрепя текущите и планирани инициативи на Комисията относно обучението на потребителите; изказва становището, че може да се направи повече посредством сътрудничество между правителствата и стопанския сектор за насърчаването на висококачествено обучение във финансовия сектор с оглед повишаване на финансовата култура, качеството на продуктите и легитимността на сектора като цяло; приветства възложеното проучване на инициативите за обща финансова култура в ЕС, чиито резултати се очакват в края на 2007 г.;
Supports the Commission's current and planned initiatives on the education of consumers; takes the view that more could be done also through cooperation between governments and the business sector in order to promote the provision of high-quality training in the financial sector so as to increase financial literacy, the quality of products and the legitimacy of the sector as a whole; welcomes the study commissioned on initiatives for general financial literacy in the EU, the results of which are scheduled for the end of 2007;
Насърчава отрасъла да договори и да следва набор от принципи относно оповестяването на информация, като по този начин предоставя необходимата информация на дребните инвеститори относно всеки финансов продукт на дребно;
Encourages the industry to agree upon and follow a set of principles on disclosure, thus providing relevant information for the retail investor on any retail financial product;
Призовава всички държави-членки да прилагат последователно Директива 2002/65/ЕО на Европейския парламент и Съвета от 23 септември 2002 г. относно дистанционна търговия на потребителски финансови услуги
Calls on all Member States to implement Directive 2002/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 September 2002 concerning the distance marketing of consumer financial services
Зелената книга за преразглеждане на достиженията на правото на Общността за защита на потребителите
Green Paper on the Review of the Consumer Acquis
Olle Schmidt 13.2.2007
Olle Schmidt 13.2.2007
Mariela Velichkova Baeva, Zsolt László Becsey, Pervenche Berès, Sharon Bowles, Ieke van den Burg, David Casa, Elisa Ferreira, Jean-Paul Gauzès, Donata Gottardi, Benoît Hamon, Gunnar Hökmark, Sophia in 't Veld, Othmar Karas, Guntars Krasts, Kurt Joachim Lauk, Andrea Losco, Astrid Lulling, Cristobal Montoro Romero, Lapo Pistelli, John Purvis, Alexander Radwan, Heide Rühle, Eoin Ryan, Antolín Sánchez Presedo, Olle Schmidt, Margarita Starkevičiūtė
Mariela Velichkova Baeva, Zsolt László Becsey, Pervenche Berès, Sharon Bowles, Ieke van den Burg, David Casa, Elisa Ferreira, Jean-Paul Gauzès, Donata Gottardi, Benoît Hamon, Gunnar Hökmark, Sophia in 't Veld, Othmar Karas, Guntars Krasts, Kurt Joachim Lauk, Andrea Losco, Astrid Lulling, Cristobal Montoro Romero, Lapo Pistelli, John Purvis, Alexander Radwan, Heide Rühle, Eoin Ryan, Antolín Sánchez Presedo, Olle Schmidt, Margarita Starkevičiūtė
Slavi Binev, Philip Bushill-Matthews, Adam Gierek
Slavi Binev, Philip Bushill-Matthews, Adam Gierek