natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
А. като има предвид, че изхвърлянето на улов е проблем от световен мащаб и по приблизителни преценки възлиза на между 7 милиона и 27 милиона тона годишно, което се равнява на една четвърт от целия улов на риба и други морски видове, и като има предвид, че липсва приблизителна преценка за ЕС като цяло, макар че според ФАО изхвърленият улов в Северно море възлиза на между 500,000 и 880,000 тона,
A. whereas discards are a worldwide problem that have been estimated to account for between 7 million and 27 million tonnes per year, equivalent to one quarter of all fish and other species caught, and whereas there is no estimate available for the EU as a whole, though the FAO estimates that discards in the North Sea are 500 000 to 880 000 tonnes,
Б. като има предвид, че изхвърлянето на такива големи количества уврежда околната среда, затруднява възстановяването на намалелите запаси и струва време и усилия на риболовната промишленост,
B. whereas such extensive discarding harms the environment, inhibits the recovery of depleted stocks and costs the fishing industry time and energy,
В. като има предвид, че членът на Комисията Borg описа тези количества изхвърлен улов като "неетични"
C. whereas Commissioner Borg has described such quantities of discards as "unethical",
Г. като има предвид, че участието на всички заинтересовани страни в политиката в областта на рибарството, по-специално на риболовната промишленост, е изключително важно условие за определянето на мерки, които могат да допринесат за устойчиво управление на морските ресурси,
D. whereas the involvement of all fisheries policy stakeholders, particularly from the fishing industry, is an essential condition for defining measures that can contribute to the sustainable management of marine resources,
Д. като има предвид, че изхвърлянето на улов е явление, което не е свързано само с използването на конкретен вид риболовно съоръжение, а се влияе от характера на съответния риболов, като европейският риболов е предимно многовидов по характер и при него опасността от изхвърляне на улов е по-висока; като има предвид, че при стопанския риболов изхвърлените количества улов може да са по-малки, тъй като при него уловената риба се използва в по-голяма степен, а също така се използват и познанията по отношение на риболовните зони с цел да се избегне нежелан улов,
E. whereas discarding is a phenomenon that is not related only to the use of a particular gear type, but is also influenced by the nature of the fishery concerned, as in the case of European fisheries, almost all of which are multispecies in nature, where the risk of discards is higher; whereas some artisanal fisheries may have lower discard rates since they make greater use of the fish caught and use their knowledge of the fishing grounds to avoid unwanted catch,
Е. като има предвид, че големите количества изхвърлен улов в някои области на риболова биха довели до безпокойство в обществеността по отношение на въздействието на риболова върху околната среда, причинявайки отслабване на доверието на обществеността в рибата, продавана на пазара, и в крайна сметка биха се отразили на продажбите,
F. whereas fisheries with high discard rates could result in public concern over the environmental impact of fishing, causing reduced public confidence in fish on the market and ultimately affecting sales,
Ж. като има предвид, че изхвърлянето на улов зависи от редица фактори, включващи например прекомерно интензивната риболовна дейност, настоящия подход по отношение на режима на квоти и допустими количества улов (TACs), който налага изхвърлянето на риба, за която не съществува квота, несъответствието в много видове риболов между спецификациите на съоръженията и минималните размери на разтоварваната на сушата риба, "повишаването на качеството" и други търговски практики; като има предвид, че традиционно повечето нововъведения в областта на риболовните съоръжения и практики целят увеличаването на улова, а не толкова ловенето на риба по по-селективен и щадящ околната среда начин
G. whereas discarding is caused by a range of factors, including excessive fishing effort, the current approach to Total Allowable Catches (TACs) and quotas that requires discarding of fish for which there is no quota, a mismatch in many fisheries between gear specifications and minimum landing size, high-grading and other commercial practices; whereas traditionally most innovation in fishing gear and practices has aimed to increase catches of fish rather than to fish in a more selective and less environmentally destructive manner,
З. като има предвид, че що се отнася до документите, подписани на международно ниво и съдържащи конкретни декларации по отношение на необходимостта да се намали изхвърлянето на улов и съпътстващият улов, ЕС е приел Кодекса за поведение за отговорно рибарство на ФАО и международните планове за действие за морските птици и акулите, глава 17 на Програма 21 на ООН, Римския консенсус за световното рибарство, Декларацията от Киото за устойчивия принос на риболова за осигуряването на прехраната, Споразумението от Ню Йорк за прилагане на разпоредбите на Конвенцията по морско право на ООН, както и Резолюции 49/118 от 1994 г. и 50/25 от 1995 г. на Общото събрание на Обединените нации и Резолюцията на междупарламентарната конференция от 1995 г., Конвенцията за международната търговия със застрашени видове от дивата фауна и флора (CITES) и Конвенцията за биологичното разнообразие (CBD),
H. whereas of the documents signed at international level and containing specific declarations on the need to reduce discards and by-catches, the EU agreed to the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fishing and the International Plans of Action for Seabirds and Sharks, Chapter 17 of the United Nations Programme 21, the Rome Consensus on World Fisheries, the Kyoto Declaration on the sustainable contribution of fisheries to food security, the New York Agreement for the implementation of the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and United Nations General Assembly resolutions 49/118 of 1994 and 50/25 of 1995, as well as the resolution of the 1995 Interparliamentary Conference, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD),
И. като има предвид, че ЕС е поел редица задължения в рамките на регионалните риболовни организации и на различните двустранни и многостранни споразумения, по които е страна,
I. whereas the EU has agreed on a range of commitments within the framework of Regional Fisheries Organisations and the various bilateral and multilateral agreements to which it is party,
· разрешаване на повече дни за престой в морето или увеличаване на разрешеното време за риболов на риболовни плавателни съдове, използващи по-селективни риболовни съоръжения,
· allowing more days at sea or increasing the allowable fishing time , for vessels using more selective gear,
· предвиждане на преференциален достъп за риболовни плавателни съдове, използващи селективни риболовни съоръжения до зони, забранени за съдове, които не използват селективни риболовни съоръжения;
· providing preferential access for vessels using selective gear to areas that are closed to those vessels not using selective gear,
21. отбелязва, че Регламентът (ЕО) № 41/2006 на Съвета от 21 декември 2006 г. за определяне на риболовните възможности през 2007 г. и съответните условия по отношение на някои рибни запаси и групи рибни запаси, приложими във водите на Общността и по отношение на корабите на Общността във води, за които се изискват ограничения върху улова
Notes that Council Regulation (EC) No 41/2006 of 21 December 2006 fixing for 2007 the fishing opportunities and associated conditions for certain fish stocks and groups of fish stocks, applicable in Community waters and, for Community vessels, in waters where catch limitations are required
ОВ L 15, 20.1.2007 г., стр. 1 , вече съдържа пример за преференциален достъп за селективни съоръжения с допълнително разрешени дни в морето, валиден за тралове на лангустина, използващи сортираща решетка, и изразява съгласие, че следва да бъдат обмислени такива допълнителни стимули;
OJ L 15, 20.1.2007, p.1. already contains one example of preferential access for selective gear, with extra days at sea available to Nephrops trawlers using a sorting grid, and agrees that such additional incentives should be considered;
(i) разработване на прецизна оценка на количествата и видовия състав на рибите и другите видове, които се изхвърлят във всеки сегмент от съответния вид риболов; тези данни следва да бъдат приети за достоверни и обективни от рибарите, учените и всички други заинтересовани страни;
(i) develop an accurate estimate of the quantities and species composition of fish and other species discarded by each segment of the fishery; these data should be accepted as reliable and objective by fishermen, scientists and all other stakeholders;
(ii) създаване на подходяща структура, която напълно да осигурява консултирането, участието и сътрудничеството на всички заинтересувани страни преди вземането на решения по отношение на количествените цели във връзка с намаляването на изхвърлянето на улов в определен период (например намаление с 50 % за две години); участници могат да бъдат регионалните консултативни съвети (РКС), рибари, учени, националните правителства, Комисията и екологични неправителствени организации; тяхната задача би могла да бъде проучването на всички предложения за прекратяване на изхвърлянето на улов, като например разтоварването на сушата на съпътстващ улов, временни затваряния на риболовни райони, обявяване на забранени за риболов зони и други, както и предлагането на положителни стимули за рибари, изпробващи различни видове техника;
(ii) establish an appropriate setting to ensure full consultation, involvement and cooperation of all stakeholders before deciding upon the quantitative targets for discard reduction in a given period (for instance a 50% reduction in two years); participants would include Regional Advisory Councils (RACs), fishermen, scientists, national government, the Commission and environmental NGOs; their role would be to explore all ideas for eliminating discards, including landing by-catch, technical measures, temporary closures, closed areas and others, as well as to propose positive incentives for fishermen experimenting with different techniques;
(iii) след изтичане на запланувания период за изпълнение, обсъждане на резултатите и преценка, дали целите са били постигнати; методите, показали успех, се включват в разпоредбите на Общата политика в областта на рибарството; ако целите за намаляване на съпътстващия улов не бъдат постигнати, прилагане на подходящи санкции наред с други съответни мерки;
(iii) at the end of the planned period of implementation, assess the results and evaluate whether the objectives have been achieved; successful methods would be added to CFP provisions; if targets for the reduction of by-catch are not reached appropriate sanctions will be applied, amongst other proportionate measures;
(iv) периодично преразглеждане на количествените цели по отношение на изхвърлянето на улов с цел в крайна сметка да бъде прекратено изхвърлянето на улов;
(iv) revise quantitative discard objectives on a regular basis with a view to ultimately eliminating discards;
(v) издаване на забрана за изхвърляне на улов за вид риболов, само при условие, че всички предхождащи стъпки не са успели да постигнат желаното намаляване на изхвърлянето на улов в рамките на 5 години от началото на предприемане на тези стъпки за всеки вид риболов;
(v) a discard ban to be adopted for a fishery only if all of the previous steps fail to achieve the desired reduction in discards within five years of beginning these steps for each fishery;
36. отбелязва, че държавите-членки, съгласно Регламент (ЕО) № 850/98 на Съвета от 30 март 1998 г. относно опазването на рибните ресурси посредством технически мерки за защита на младите екземпляри морски организми
Notes that Member States currently have the right, under Council Regulation (EC) No 850/98 of 30 March 1998 for the conservation of fishery resources through technical measures for the protection of juveniles of marine organisms
Vast quantities of fish are thrown away, every year, in European fisheries and around the world.
Vast quantities of fish are thrown away, every year, in European fisheries and around the world.
The FAO has published two estimates of global discards, one of 27 million tonnes (1988-90) and, more recently, of 7 to 8 million tonnes (1992-2001).
The FAO has published two estimates of global discards, one of 27 million tonnes (1988-90) and, more recently, of 7 to 8 million tonnes (1992-2001).
Part of this difference could be improvements in gear selectivity, according to the authors of the latter study.
Part of this difference could be improvements in gear selectivity, according to the authors of the latter study.
Either figure represents an enormous waste that is the subject of the Commission's communication.
Either figure represents an enormous waste that is the subject of the Commission's communication.
Discards harm fish stocks, slow or prevent their recovery and cost fishermen time and energy to deal with.
Discards harm fish stocks, slow or prevent their recovery and cost fishermen time and energy to deal with.
In 2003, the Council invited the Commission to explore ways of reducing discards, following an earlier discussion paper
In 2003, the Council invited the Commission to explore ways of reducing discards, following an earlier discussion paper
According to the Commission itself, very little progress has been made since then.
According to the Commission itself, very little progress has been made since then.
This new initiative is thus to be welcomed, even if one has to wonder if anything more will be accomplished this time.
This new initiative is thus to be welcomed, even if one has to wonder if anything more will be accomplished this time.
The EU made a commitment in the FAO Code of Conduct to minimize discards (particularly section 8.5), as well as agreeing to implement the 1999 FAO Plans of Action on Seabirds and Sharks (about which very little has been accomplished to date).
The EU made a commitment in the FAO Code of Conduct to minimize discards (particularly section 8.5), as well as agreeing to implement the 1999 FAO Plans of Action on Seabirds and Sharks (about which very little has been accomplished to date).
Council Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002 of 20 December 2002 .
Council Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002 of 20 December 2002 .
As the Commission states, doing nothing to reduce discards is not an option.
As the Commission states, doing nothing to reduce discards is not an option.
The CFP has a counter-productive approach to discards - on the one hand, the TAC rules require the discarding of vast quantities of commercial fish, both juvenile and mature.
The CFP has a counter-productive approach to discards - on the one hand, the TAC rules require the discarding of vast quantities of commercial fish, both juvenile and mature.
On the other hand, the only attempts to reduce this waste rely on micro-managing fishing gear and practices, which is almost guaranteed to provoke the industry into finding ways to subvert those regulations.
On the other hand, the only attempts to reduce this waste rely on micro-managing fishing gear and practices, which is almost guaranteed to provoke the industry into finding ways to subvert those regulations.
The time for a new approach is here, and fortunately the Commission's paper shows signs of realizing that.
The time for a new approach is here, and fortunately the Commission's paper shows signs of realizing that.
A positive change is the expansion of the definition of discards to include both commercial and non-commercial species that are dumped over the side.
A positive change is the expansion of the definition of discards to include both commercial and non-commercial species that are dumped over the side.
Discards result from various causes, the most important of which are:
Discards result from various causes, the most important of which are:
Ø fishing pressure that is, in many fisheries, greatly in excess of what is sustainable;
Ø fishing pressure that is, in many fisheries, greatly in excess of what is sustainable;
Ø a mismatch for some species between gear specifications and minimum landing size;
Ø a mismatch for some species between gear specifications and minimum landing size;
Ø the TAC system that requires fish caught after the quota is reached to be discarded;
Ø the TAC system that requires fish caught after the quota is reached to be discarded;
Ø multi-species fisheries targeting species of different sizes;
Ø multi-species fisheries targeting species of different sizes;
Ø high-grading, or keeping larger, more valuable fish and discarding the rest.
Ø high-grading, or keeping larger, more valuable fish and discarding the rest.
There has also been a general lack of interest on the part of much of the industry in finding ways to not catch under-sized or non-commercial fish.
There has also been a general lack of interest on the part of much of the industry in finding ways to not catch under-sized or non-commercial fish.
The profound modifications in fishing gear over recent decades has aimed at becoming ever larger and more efficient at catching fish.
The profound modifications in fishing gear over recent decades has aimed at becoming ever larger and more efficient at catching fish.
Comparatively little effort has been invested in improving selectivity to avoid catching fish that the fishermen know they will have to throw away, dead.
Comparatively little effort has been invested in improving selectivity to avoid catching fish that the fishermen know they will have to throw away, dead.
Fortunately, some sectors of the industry now acknowledge that discards are a serious problem, as witnessed by RAC position papers.
Fortunately, some sectors of the industry now acknowledge that discards are a serious problem, as witnessed by RAC position papers.
Others continue to resist, with Europêche insisting that they do not want to be "inconvenienced" by efforts to reduce discards.
Others continue to resist, with Europêche insisting that they do not want to be "inconvenienced" by efforts to reduce discards.
The accompanying document to the Communication
The accompanying document to the Communication
SEC(2007)0380 points out that the main reason discards are so high in the EU is that overall fishing pressure is too high, resulting in depleted stocks with high preponderance of small, juvenile fish.
SEC(2007)0380 points out that the main reason discards are so high in the EU is that overall fishing pressure is too high, resulting in depleted stocks with high preponderance of small, juvenile fish.
Thus, the single most effective way to reduce discards is to reduce overall fishing pressure, which would have the added benefit of allowing depleted and over-fished stocks to recover.
Thus, the single most effective way to reduce discards is to reduce overall fishing pressure, which would have the added benefit of allowing depleted and over-fished stocks to recover.
This point is missing from the Communication.
This point is missing from the Communication.
The Communication's paper considers two types of option.
The Communication's paper considers two types of option.
The first is technical and other regulatory measures including traditional ones such as closed areas and gear restrictions designed to increase selectivity, but supplemented by temporary real-time closures and an obligation to change fishing grounds when discards are high.
The first is technical and other regulatory measures including traditional ones such as closed areas and gear restrictions designed to increase selectivity, but supplemented by temporary real-time closures and an obligation to change fishing grounds when discards are high.
The second is a ban on discards , requiring fishermen to land everything they catch.
The second is a ban on discards , requiring fishermen to land everything they catch.
The paper analyzes the predicted impacts of these two approaches.
The paper analyzes the predicted impacts of these two approaches.
In the view of the Commission, the traditional approach of technical measures has led to overly complicated rules that are easily circumvented by the industry, so little will be accomplished by continuing down this route.
In the view of the Commission, the traditional approach of technical measures has led to overly complicated rules that are easily circumvented by the industry, so little will be accomplished by continuing down this route.
The preferred choice is a combination of a discard ban and the use of certain regulatory measures.
The preferred choice is a combination of a discard ban and the use of certain regulatory measures.
Since reductions in discards will come about by fishermen changing the way they fish, involving modifications of fishing gear (mesh size, escape panels, sorting grids) and innovative fishing practices (temporary area closures, changing fishing ground, seasonal closed areas), the question is how to motivate the fishermen to this end.
Since reductions in discards will come about by fishermen changing the way they fish, involving modifications of fishing gear (mesh size, escape panels, sorting grids) and innovative fishing practices (temporary area closures, changing fishing ground, seasonal closed areas), the question is how to motivate the fishermen to this end.
The Commission favours a negative incentive, the introduction of a ban on discards, on the assumption that bringing everything back to shore will so onerous that fishermen would quickly find ways to avoid having to do that.
The Commission favours a negative incentive, the introduction of a ban on discards, on the assumption that bringing everything back to shore will so onerous that fishermen would quickly find ways to avoid having to do that.
However, strict enforcement of a discard ban would present serious difficulties that the Commission may be under-estimating:
However, strict enforcement of a discard ban would present serious difficulties that the Commission may be under-estimating:
· a significant increase in surveillance would be necessary to verify implementation;
· a significant increase in surveillance would be necessary to verify implementation;
· additional personnel and other resources would be needed in both the Commission and Member States in a time of overall budget cuts;
· additional personnel and other resources would be needed in both the Commission and Member States in a time of overall budget cuts;
· an enormous stream of fish/waste coming to shore would be created, along with the need to dispose of it;
· an enormous stream of fish/waste coming to shore would be created, along with the need to dispose of it;
· fishermen would need to be sufficiently compensated for cost of bringing that fish to shore without actually encouraging them (for example by developing a new market).
· fishermen would need to be sufficiently compensated for cost of bringing that fish to shore without actually encouraging them (for example by developing a new market).
Little attention is paid to the use of positive incentives, rewarding fishermen who fish "better" by not catching things that are not wanted, rather than by imposing detailed technical rules on fishing gear and practices.
Little attention is paid to the use of positive incentives, rewarding fishermen who fish "better" by not catching things that are not wanted, rather than by imposing detailed technical rules on fishing gear and practices.
Different options exist to provide some sort of advantage or privilege to fishermen who use more selective gear or practices, while leaving up to them exactly what methods they use.
Different options exist to provide some sort of advantage or privilege to fishermen who use more selective gear or practices, while leaving up to them exactly what methods they use.
Possibilities include:
Possibilities include:
· allowing more days at sea or otherwise increasing allowable fishing time for vessels using more selective gear;
· allowing more days at sea or otherwise increasing allowable fishing time for vessels using more selective gear;