natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
М. като има предвид, че визовите забрани и оръжейното ембарго са се превърнали в най-често налаганите санкции в рамките на ОВППС и представляват първоначалните стъпки в поредицата от санкции на ЕС; като има предвид, че тези два вида мерки са единствените, които се прилагат пряко от държавите-членки, тъй като те не изискват наличието на специфично законодателство по отношение на санкциите съгласно Договора за ЕО; като има предвид, от друга страна, че финансовите санкции (запор на активи) и търговските санкции изискват приемането на специфично законодателство по отношение на сакциите,
M. whereas visa bans and arms embargoes have become the most frequently imposed CFSP sanctions and constitute one of the initial steps in the EU’s sanctions sequence; whereas these two types of measures are the only ones directly implemented by the Member States due to the fact that they do not require specific sanctions legislation under the EC Treaty; whereas, on the other hand, financial sanctions (asset freezing) and trade sanctions require the adoption of specific sanctions legislation,
Н. като има предвид, че съгласно гореспоменатите основни принципи за използването на ограничителни мерки (санкции), както и съответните насоки, целенасочените санкции могат да бъдат по-ефективни в сравнение с по-общите санкции и следователно са за предпочитане, на първо място, защото при тях се избягват възможните странични ефекти върху по-голяма група хора и второ, защото оказват пряко въздействие върху отговорните лица и поради това е по-вероятно да предизвикат промени в осъществяваната от тези лица политика;
N. whereas, in accordance with the abovementioned basic principles regarding the use of restrictive measures (sanctions) and the guidelines on the subject, targeted sanctions can be more effective than more general sanctions, and are hence preferable, firstly because they avoid negative consequences for a larger proportion of the population and, secondly, because they directly affect the people responsible and are thus more likely to bring about change in the policies pursued by those people,
О. като признава, че съществуването на мерки, които при приемането им от Съвета в заключенията на председателството не са обозначени като „санкции“ и същевременно се различават от другите ограничителни мерки, изброени като инструменти на ОВППС,
O. acknowledging the existence of measures which, while they are adopted by the Council in Presidency Conclusions, are not labelled ‘sanctions’ and differ, at the same time, from the other restrictive measures listed as a CFSP tool,
П. като има предвид, че икономическите отношения между ЕС и трети страни често се ръководят от двустранни или многостранни секторни споразумения, които ЕС е задължен да зачита при прилагането на санкции; като има предвид, че следователно преди да приложи икономически санкции, които не са съвместими с правата, предоставени на въпросната трета страна съгласно съществуващото споразумение, при необходимост ЕС следва да преустанови или прекрати действието на съответното споразумение,
P. whereas economic relations between the EU and third states are often governed by sectoral bilateral or multilateral agreements which the EU is required to respect while applying sanctions; whereas, where necessary, the EU should therefore suspend or denounce the relevant agreement before applying economic sanctions which are not compatible with the rights granted to the third country in question by an existing agreement,
Р. като има предвид, че отношенията между ЕС и трети държави често се ръководят от двустранни и многостранни споразумения, които позволяват на една от страните да предприеме подходящи мерки в случаи на нарушаване от другата страна на съществена част от споразумението, а именно по отношение на правата на човека, международното право, демократичните принципи и принципа на правовата държава (клаузата за правата на човека), като важен пример в това отношение е Споразумението от Котону,
Q. whereas relations between the EU and third states are often governed by bilateral or multilateral agreements which allow one of the parties to take appropriate measures in cases of violation by the other party of an essential element of the agreement, namely respect for human rights, international law, democratic principles and the rule of law (the human rights clause), the Cotonou Agreement being a prominent example,
С. като има предвид, че въвеждането и прилагането на ограничителни мерки трябва да е в съответствие с правата на човека и хуманитарните принципи, залегнали в международното право, включително правото на справедлив процес и на ефективни средства за правна защита, също така пропорционалност, и че трябва да се предвидят съответните изключения, за да се вземат предвид основните човешки потребности на лицата, срещу които са насочени мерките, като достъп до основно образование, питейна вода и основно медицинско обслужване, включително до основни лекарства; като има предвид, че всеки един режим на санкции следва да отчита изцяло стандартите, установени от Женевската конвенция, Конвенцията за правата на детето и Международния пакт за икономически, социални и културни права, както и от резолюциите на ООН относно защитата на гражданското население и децата при въоръжени конфликти;
R. whereas the introduction and implementation of restrictive measures must comply with human rights and humanitarian international law, including due process and the right to an effective remedy, as well as proportionality, and must provide for appropriate exemptions to take account of basic human needs of the targeted persons, such as access to primary education, to drinkable water and to basic medical care including basic medicines; whereas a sanctions policy has to take fully into account the standards established by the Geneva Convention, the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as the UN resolutions concerning the protection of civilians and of children in armed conflict,
Т. като има предвид, че доверието в ЕС и в отделните държави-членки се подкопава, когато санкциите, наложени от ЕС, привидно или действително се нарушават и като има предвид, че Робърт Мугабе беше поканен да участва в срещата на високо равнище ЕС-Африка в Лисабон на 8-9 декември 2007 г., въпреки че му е наложена забрана за влизане в която и да е територия на държавите-членки на ЕС съгласно Обща позиция 2004/161/ОВППС на Съвета от 19 февруари 2004 г. за подновяване на ограничителните мерки срещу Зимбабве
S. whereas the credibility of the EU and its individual Member States is compromised when EU sanctions appear to be or actually are broken, and whereas Robert Mugabe was invited to attend the EU-Africa Summit in Lisbon on 8-9 December 2007 despite having been formally banned from all territories of EU Member States under Council Common Position 2004/161/CFSP of 19 February 2004 renewing restrictive measures against Zimbabwe
Общи съображения с оглед на приемането на ефективна политика на ЕС за прилагане на санкции
General considerations with a view to an effective EU sanctions policy
6. счита, че всяка умишлена и необратима вреда, нанесена на околната среда представлява заплаха за сигурността и сериозно нарушение на правата на човека; в тази връзка призовава Съвета и Комисията да включат сред мотивите, които могат да доведат до приемането на санкции, всяка умишлена и необратима вреда, нанесена на околната среда;
Takes the view that any voluntary and irreversible degradation of the environment constitutes a threat to security and a serious violation of human rights; in this connection, calls on the Council and the Commission to include any voluntary and irreversible damage caused to the environment among the grounds which may lead to the adoption of sanctions;
10. отбелязва, че по отношение на Куба, общата позиция, приета през 1996 г. и периодично обновявана, е отражение на пътната карта за мирен преход към демокрация на острова и се прилага изцяло, като не е предмет на разногласия в рамките на европейските институции; изразява съжаление във връзка с това, че досега не са осъществени значителни подобрения в областта на правата на човека; отбелязва решението на Съюза от 20 юни 2008 г. да отмени неофициалните санкции спрямо Куба, като въпреки това се изисква незабавното и безусловно освобождаване на всички политически затворници, улесняване на достъпа до затворите и ратифициране и прилагане на международния пакт за граждански и политически права; отбелязва, че в срок от една година Съветът ще вземе решение дали да продължи политическия диалог с Куба в зависимост от наличието или липсата на съществени подобрения в областта на правата на човека; припомня, че позицията на Съвета е еднакво обвързваща за институциите на Европейския съюз по отношение на диалога както с кубинските органи на управление, така и с представителите на гражданското общество; отново изтъква позицията си по отношение на лауреатите на наградата „Сахаров“ Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas и „Дамите в бяло“;
Recalls that, with regard to Cuba, the Common Position adopted in 1996 and periodically renewed implies a roadmap for peaceful transition to democracy on the island, is being fully implemented and is not the subject of controversy in the European institutions; notes that the differences within the European Union arise from the measures adopted in June 2003 to complement the Common Position; stresses that certain measures such as the suspension of high-level visits to Cuba, the reduction of cultural cooperation and the incitement of dissidents by the EU Member States to engage in organised initiatives have to a degree penalised the Cuban population; expresses concern that, following their adoption, the Cuban authorities unilaterally decided to end cooperation with the EU; urges that any decision regarding the authorities of that country should be accompanied by firm, concrete and tangible requirements regarding human rights and that such requirements be binding also on the European Union institutions in their relations with the Cuban regime; accordingly calls for the immediate release of all political prisoners and prisoners of conscience together with the immediate recognition of the freedom of all Cubans, including the Sakharov Prize winners Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas and the Ladies in White, to enter and leave their own country;
Санкциите като част от обща стратегия за правата на човека
Sanctions as part of an overall h uman r ights strategy
Координирани действия от страна на международната общност
Coordinated action by the international community
Определяне на ясни процедури за вземане на решения, цели, критерии и механизми за преразглеждане
Setting - up of clear decision-making processes, objectives, benchmarks and review mechanisms
32. призовава за систематично включване в правните инструменти на ясни и специфични критерии като условие за отменянето на санкциите; настоява по-специално критериите за сравнение да бъдат установени на основата на независима експертиза, както и че тези критерии следва да не бъдат променяни на последващ етап в зависимост от политическите промени в Съвета;
Calls for the systematic inclusion in the legal instruments of clear and specific benchmarks as conditions for the lifting of the sanctions; insists, in particular, that the reference criteria should be established on the basis of an independent evaluation and that those criteria should not be altered at a later stage, depending on political changes within the Council;
36. признава, че държавите следва да носят отговорността за извършването на незаконни от международна гледна точка действия при прилагането на санкции и подчертава необходимостта от механизъм за съдебен контрол с оглед да се гарантира съответствие с международното и хуманитарното право;
Recognises that states as well as international and regional organisations should be accountable for internationally wrongful acts in the implementation of sanctions and stresses in this regard the need for a judicial mechanism with a view to guaranteeing conformity with international law and humanitarian law;
Целенасочени санкции като по-ефективен инструмент?
Targeted sanctions as a more efficient tool?
50. настоятелно приканва Съвета, Комисията и държавите-членки да продължат дейността си, насочена към подобряване на мониторинга и на капацитета за прилагане, с който разполага ООН, и подкрепя становището, че следва да бъде създаден постоянен екип на Обединените нации, който да извършва оценка на търговията със стоки, служещи за финансирането на конфликти, и на ползата от санкциите, свързани с тях;
Urges the Council, the Commission and Member States to continue to work for improvements in UN monitoring and enforcement capabilities, and supports the view that a permanent UN team should be established to assess trade in conflict commodities and the value of sanctions in relation to them;
Спазване на правата на човека при прилагане на целенасочени санкции в борбата срещу тероризма
Respect for human rights in applying targeted sanctions in the fight against terrorism
За една разностранна политика за прилагане на санкции
A varied sanctions policy
Препоръки във връзка с институциите на ЕС и държавите-членки
Recommendations in relation to the EU institutions and Member States
67. същевременно призовава за засилване на сътрудничеството между компетентните органи на държавите-членки и Комисията, за да се осигури по-съгласувано и ефективно изпълнение на ограничителните мерки;
Calls at the same time for enhanced cooperation between the competent authorities of the Member States and the Commission in order to ensure more coherent and effective implementation of restrictive measures;
In the context of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), the EU applies restrictive measures, or sanctions, to ensure compliance with the CFSP objectives, in particular respect for human rights, democracy and the rule of law
In the context of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), the EU applies restrictive measures, or sanctions, to ensure compliance with the CFSP objectives, in particular respect for human rights, democracy and the rule of law
Article 11 of the TEU. .
Article 11 of the TEU. .
The UNSC may impose sanctions in the event of situations which it considers to pose a threat to world peace and stability.
The UNSC may impose sanctions in the event of situations which it considers to pose a threat to world peace and stability.
The EU may independently choose to bring its sanctions policy to bear in pursuit of broader objectives.
The EU may independently choose to bring its sanctions policy to bear in pursuit of broader objectives.
Experience shows that it does so, although as a rule it applies autonomous sanctions where it is not appropriate or possible for the Security Council to do so.
Experience shows that it does so, although as a rule it applies autonomous sanctions where it is not appropriate or possible for the Security Council to do so.
Sanctions form an integral part of the CFSP system and, more specifically, of UN human rights policy.
Sanctions form an integral part of the CFSP system and, more specifically, of UN human rights policy.
Although there is to date no legal and official definition of sanctions within the CFSP, restrictive measures under the CFSP may be considered as ' an instrument of a diplomatic or economic nature which seeks to bring about a change in activities or policies such as violations of international law or human rights, or policies that do not respect the rule of law or democratic principles '
Although there is to date no legal and official definition of sanctions within the CFSP, restrictive measures under the CFSP may be considered as ‘ an instrument of a diplomatic or economic nature which seeks to bring about a change in activities or policies such as violations of international law or human rights, or policies that do not respect the rule of law or democratic principles ’
European Commission website:
European Commission website:
It was not until 2003, and the publication of the 'Guidelines on implementation and evaluation of restrictive measures (sanctions) in the framework of the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy', followed by the June 2004, 'Basic Principles on the Use of Restrictive Measures (Sanctions)', that the term 'sanctions' appeared in official texts, alongside the less threatening 'restrictive' or 'negative' measures.
It was not until 2003, and the publication of the ‘Guidelines on implementation and evaluation of restrictive measures (sanctions) in the framework of the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy’, followed by the June 2004, ‘Basic Principles on the Use of Restrictive Measures (Sanctions)’, that the term ‘sanctions’ appeared in official texts, alongside the less threatening ‘restrictive’ or ‘negative’ measures.
Although the practice of 'autonomous' EU sanctions, i.e. sanctions introduced in the absence of a UN mandate, has been in existence for more than 20 years, they are a relatively unknown instrument and - it must be admitted - some scepticism as to their effectiveness and a certain reluctance to use them.
Although the practice of ‘autonomous’ EU sanctions, i.e. sanctions introduced in the absence of a UN mandate, has been in existence for more than 20 years, they are a relatively unknown instrument and - it must be admitted - some scepticism as to their effectiveness and a certain reluctance to use them.
The political effectiveness of sanctions and their harmful side-effects are now the subject of much controversy (the suffering of populations as a result of unduly extensive sanctions, such as embargos (Iraq), encouragement to criminal networks, black markets in certain products (Burma) and the danger of human rights violations in the blacklisting method).
The political effectiveness of sanctions and their harmful side-effects are now the subject of much controversy (the suffering of populations as a result of unduly extensive sanctions, such as embargos (Iraq), encouragement to criminal networks, black markets in certain products (Burma) and the danger of human rights violations in the blacklisting method).
Similarly, criticisms regarding the application of double standards, based on the strategic importance of the partner (Russia), political differences within the Council (Israel, Cuba) and geographical location, tend to undermine its credibility.
Similarly, criticisms regarding the application of double standards, based on the strategic importance of the partner (Russia), political differences within the Council (Israel, Cuba) and geographical location, tend to undermine its credibility.
While such criticisms are justified, they cannot be used as an argument to simply abandon the instrument but should be taken into account in seeking to improve it.
While such criticisms are justified, they cannot be used as an argument to simply abandon the instrument but should be taken into account in seeking to improve it.
The aim of this report is to put forward recommendations with a view to a transparent, consistent and effective sanctions policy.
The aim of this report is to put forward recommendations with a view to a transparent, consistent and effective sanctions policy.
The European Union is undeniably a 'soft power', deliberately promoting an approach where the steps between sanctions and incentives are closely tied in its effort to combine carrot and stick techniques.
The European Union is undeniably a ‘soft power’, deliberately promoting an approach where the steps between sanctions and incentives are closely tied in its effort to combine carrot and stick techniques.
The Agnoletto reports on the human rights and democracy clause in European Union agreements and the Valenciano report on the functioning of the human rights dialogues and consultations on human rights with third countries have already addressed these aspects of EU policy and have demonstrated the considerable potential of EU instruments in this connection.
The Agnoletto reports on the human rights and democracy clause in European Union agreements and the Valenciano report on the functioning of the human rights dialogues and consultations on human rights with third countries have already addressed these aspects of EU policy and have demonstrated the considerable potential of EU instruments in this connection.
Although CFSP sanctions should not be confused with the suspension of bilateral agreements containing a human rights clause, they should, along the same lines as human rights clauses and agreements, form part of a wider and more coherent human rights strategy in sanctioned countries.
Although CFSP sanctions should not be confused with the suspension of bilateral agreements containing a human rights clause, they should, along the same lines as human rights clauses and agreements, form part of a wider and more coherent human rights strategy in sanctioned countries.
They cannot be effective, for example, unless they are accompanied by positive measures for civil society and a healthy, balanced, clear-sighted and open approach to political dialogue with the relevant regimes.
They cannot be effective, for example, unless they are accompanied by positive measures for civil society and a healthy, balanced, clear-sighted and open approach to political dialogue with the relevant regimes.
The EU should pursue its policy of smart, targeted sanctions, specifically adapted to each situation, designed to achieve maximum impact on those whose behaviour it wants to influence while minimising 'humanitarian effects' or adverse consequences for persons not targeted or neighbouring countries.
The EU should pursue its policy of smart, targeted sanctions, specifically adapted to each situation, designed to achieve maximum impact on those whose behaviour it wants to influence while minimising ‘humanitarian effects’ or adverse consequences for persons not targeted or neighbouring countries.
Furthermore, clear, relevant and conditional benchmarks are necessary when applying sanctions, as only those can offer a realistic and unbiased view of the situation in the country at question and serve as comprehensible goals the country has to meet.
Furthermore, clear, relevant and conditional benchmarks are necessary when applying sanctions, as only those can offer a realistic and unbiased view of the situation in the country at question and serve as comprehensible goals the country has to meet.
In this respect, the EU should work on improving its expertise on sanctions, have an ameliorated cooperation and coordination with the UN and adopt a systematic exemplar review system of sanctions that would ensure their optimal use.
In this respect, the EU should work on improving its expertise on sanctions, have an ameliorated cooperation and coordination with the UN and adopt a systematic exemplar review system of sanctions that would ensure their optimal use.
In this context, it is essential to design a sanctions policy fully consistent with the humanitarian and human rights commitments.
In this context, it is essential to design a sanctions policy fully consistent with the humanitarian and human rights commitments.
As for the procedure for 'blacklisting', it should be reviewed in order to offer legal security and appropriate legal remedies.
As for the procedure for ‘blacklisting’, it should be reviewed in order to offer legal security and appropriate legal remedies.
Evidently, the current EU sanctions policy suffers from excessive ad-hocism.
Evidently, the current EU sanctions policy suffers from excessive ad-hocism.
Sanctions should be considered and treated as part of a comprehensive foreign policy approach which includes political exchange, human rights dialogues and consultations.
Sanctions should be considered and treated as part of a comprehensive foreign policy approach which includes political exchange, human rights dialogues and consultations.