natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
To act as the database required for analysing and evaluating the effect of policies as implemented, European statistics need to fulfil certain conditions.
To act as the database required for analysing and evaluating the effect of policies as implemented, European statistics need to fulfil certain conditions.
Reliable data and publishing schedules – to ensure politicians have the information at the right time and in the right form
Reliable data and publishing schedules – to ensure politicians have the information at the right time and in the right form
The reliability of Eurostat data took a serious battering with the problem of Greek data at the time of adopting the euro.
The reliability of Eurostat data took a serious battering with the problem of Greek data at the time of adopting the euro.
The importance of the energy and environment issues, not just in terms of political priorities but also in financial terms (such as the value of CO 2 emission certificates), makes it essential for the new regulation to provide protection from data manipulation.
The importance of the energy and environment issues, not just in terms of political priorities but also in financial terms (such as the value of CO 2 emission certificates), makes it essential for the new regulation to provide protection from data manipulation.
For this reason Article 6 needs clarifying, if not tightening up
For this reason Article 6 needs clarifying, if not tightening up
As this is a general problem that affects other areas of statistics as well, the rapporteur is willing to include proposals resulting from the interinstitutional discussion currently taking place. .
As this is a general problem that affects other areas of statistics as well, the rapporteur is willing to include proposals resulting from the interinstitutional discussion currently taking place. .
Publication schedules
Publication schedules
A central problem of the present system is the substantial delay in the publication of Eurostat’s energy data.
A central problem of the present system is the substantial delay in the publication of Eurostat’s energy data.
While the main Member States and specialist companies publish their data in six to eight months, it generally takes 18 months to obtain Eurostat statistics.
While the main Member States and specialist companies publish their data in six to eight months, it generally takes 18 months to obtain Eurostat statistics.
This time-lag not only holds up any analysis of European policies but also affects the EU’s credibility at international level.
This time-lag not only holds up any analysis of European policies but also affects the EU’s credibility at international level.
The delay is mainly due to a small number of Member States responding too late, or too unclearly.
The delay is mainly due to a small number of Member States responding too late, or too unclearly.
It seems to us worthwhile to set closer deadlines for replies to questionnaires and a deadline for publishing Eurostat statistics.
It seems to us worthwhile to set closer deadlines for replies to questionnaires and a deadline for publishing Eurostat statistics.
The content and the degree of detail should be calibrated in accordance with the two aims of energy statistics:
The content and the degree of detail should be calibrated in accordance with the two aims of energy statistics:
· to identify energy flows, which is essential for managing the energy sector;
· to identify energy flows, which is essential for managing the energy sector;
· to evaluate performance of the energy system in the light of energy policy objectives.
· to evaluate performance of the energy system in the light of energy policy objectives.
The lack of clarity of some data makes the business of reading energy statistics, and hence the lessons that can be drawn from them, exceedingly hit-and-miss.
The lack of clarity of some data makes the business of reading energy statistics, and hence the lessons that can be drawn from them, exceedingly hit-and-miss.
We have identified two areas where serious work is needed.
We have identified two areas where serious work is needed.
Improving the statistics for energy efficiency
Improving the statistics for energy efficiency
The efficiency of the energy system has become a priority for all policies concerned with energy and the fight against climate change throughout Europe.
The efficiency of the energy system has become a priority for all policies concerned with energy and the fight against climate change throughout Europe.
Unfortunately the present statistics do not reflect that change of priorities.
Unfortunately the present statistics do not reflect that change of priorities.
The inadequacy, if not absence, of detailed statistics on final consumption by major sectors other than industry is generally preventing us from measuring the relevant ratios of technical efficiency; the difference between the degree of accuracy of information on the ‘industrial’ sector and the 70 to 80 % making up the rest of consumption (transport, residential, tertiary), which are only presented in overall aggregates, is glaringly obvious.
The inadequacy, if not absence, of detailed statistics on final consumption by major sectors other than industry is generally preventing us from measuring the relevant ratios of technical efficiency; the difference between the degree of accuracy of information on the ‘industrial’ sector and the 70 to 80 % making up the rest of consumption (transport, residential, tertiary), which are only presented in overall aggregates, is glaringly obvious.
In the case of transport you cannot even distinguish between road passenger transport and road haulage; how are we to measure the effects of the action taken?
In the case of transport you cannot even distinguish between road passenger transport and road haulage; how are we to measure the effects of the action taken?
Our proposals for improving understanding of final energy at the lowest possible institutional and financial cost are centred on two main ideas:
Our proposals for improving understanding of final energy at the lowest possible institutional and financial cost are centred on two main ideas:
· adding the detail of the main uses of final energies in the annual questionnaires, per type of energy.
· adding the detail of the main uses of final energies in the annual questionnaires, per type of energy.
For instance, for the residential and tertiary sectors, there should be an obligatory breakdown for all final energy products except electricity between heating and other uses;
For instance, for the residential and tertiary sectors, there should be an obligatory breakdown for all final energy products except electricity between heating and other uses;
· conducting surveys, every three or four years, to ascertain, and then update, breakdown keys for final energies by sector and main energy uses.
· conducting surveys, every three or four years, to ascertain, and then update, breakdown keys for final energies by sector and main energy uses.
2.2 Insufficient and inadequate accounting of primary energies
2.2 Insufficient and inadequate accounting of primary energies
At the moment our understanding of energy flows depends on two requirements: the availability of information on the calorific content of the energies accounted, and the existence of instruments for measuring the physical flows.
At the moment our understanding of energy flows depends on two requirements: the availability of information on the calorific content of the energies accounted, and the existence of instruments for measuring the physical flows.
The development of nuclear power and renewable energies is posing a number of problems in this area that have been poorly resolved, if at all.
The development of nuclear power and renewable energies is posing a number of problems in this area that have been poorly resolved, if at all.
Nuclear power
Nuclear power
Nuclear power is at present accounted only in the case of the electricity produced by power plants.
Nuclear power is at present accounted only in the case of the electricity produced by power plants.
And this accounting is based not on the thermal equivalence of the electricity per Joule effect (as for the final electricity consumed), but on the heat produced by a plant of the current dominant technology, in other words with an average efficiency of around 33 %.
And this accounting is based not on the thermal equivalence of the electricity per Joule effect (as for the final electricity consumed), but on the heat produced by a plant of the current dominant technology, in other words with an average efficiency of around 33 %.
This approach does not mention the real thermal flows from nuclear fuels, unlike the approach for coal or oil.
This approach does not mention the real thermal flows from nuclear fuels, unlike the approach for coal or oil.
The other problem arising at the moment in the case of nuclear power is the limited level of specific knowledge of the energy flows involved in the fuel cycle.
The other problem arising at the moment in the case of nuclear power is the limited level of specific knowledge of the energy flows involved in the fuel cycle.
To rectify this serious gap in the EU’s energy statistics, we propose adding a questionnaire on nuclear power to Annex B (annual questionnaires).
To rectify this serious gap in the EU’s energy statistics, we propose adding a questionnaire on nuclear power to Annex B (annual questionnaires).
When renewable energy flows are accounted, this is done in a number of ways:
When renewable energy flows are accounted, this is done in a number of ways:
· in the case of biomass and its derivates, on the basis of the calorific content, as for fossil fuels;
· in the case of biomass and its derivates, on the basis of the calorific content, as for fossil fuels;
· in the case of electricity produced by hydro, wind or solar power, on the basis of kWh measured in terms of the thermal equivalent per Joule effect;
· in the case of electricity produced by hydro, wind or solar power, on the basis of kWh measured in terms of the thermal equivalent per Joule effect;
· in the case of thermal solar in direct use, on the basis of the m 2 of collectors installed and the Joule/m 2 ratios;
· in the case of thermal solar in direct use, on the basis of the m 2 of collectors installed and the Joule/m 2 ratios;
· in the case of geothermal energy, on the basis of the calorific content of the geothermal water or steam.
· in the case of geothermal energy, on the basis of the calorific content of the geothermal water or steam.
This method of assessing renewable energies raises the problem of the lack of knowledge of the real energy flows (particularly in the case of solar power) and the energy flows mobilised in conversions (in particular with biofuels).
This method of assessing renewable energies raises the problem of the lack of knowledge of the real energy flows (particularly in the case of solar power) and the energy flows mobilised in conversions (in particular with biofuels).
To remedy these shortcomings we propose extending the data required for the biomass and solar energy sector.
To remedy these shortcomings we propose extending the data required for the biomass and solar energy sector.
To prevent distortion caused by the conventions for converting final energy into primary energy, we propose basing the EU’s future objectives and statistics for renewable energies on final energy percentages (see also Chapter 3 – Indicators).
To prevent distortion caused by the conventions for converting final energy into primary energy, we propose basing the EU’s future objectives and statistics for renewable energies on final energy percentages (see also Chapter 3 – Indicators).
Now that the EU is setting itself precise targets for energy policy, it needs the instruments for quantitative monitoring of the results: that is the role of the indicators that must determine the content and organisation of the statistical system.
Now that the EU is setting itself precise targets for energy policy, it needs the instruments for quantitative monitoring of the results: that is the role of the indicators that must determine the content and organisation of the statistical system.
Bias of statistics expressed in ‘primary energy’
Bias of statistics expressed in ‘primary energy’
The most widely used reference for depicting the energy systems of the Member States or the European Union are figures or graphs showing the share of the different energies in primary energy.
The most widely used reference for depicting the energy systems of the Member States or the European Union are figures or graphs showing the share of the different energies in primary energy.
These figures and graphs are based on conversion factors between final energy and primary energy which pose a problem.
These figures and graphs are based on conversion factors between final energy and primary energy which pose a problem.
At the moment, by convention, primary electricities of renewable origin are accounted on their thermal equivalent per Joule effect (1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe), whereas electricity of nuclear origin, which is also considered as a primary electricity, is accounted on the basis of the heat produced in the reactor (1 TWh = 0.26 Mtoe by convention).
At the moment, by convention, primary electricities of renewable origin are accounted on their thermal equivalent per Joule effect (1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe), whereas electricity of nuclear origin, which is also considered as a primary electricity, is accounted on the basis of the heat produced in the reactor (1 TWh = 0.26 Mtoe by convention).
Thus the same production of final electricity in TWh has a different weight in the total for primary energy production (expressed in Mtoe) depending on its origin: 1 TWh of nuclear counting for 3 times more than 1 TWh of renewable.
Thus the same production of final electricity in TWh has a different weight in the total for primary energy production (expressed in Mtoe) depending on its origin: 1 TWh of nuclear counting for 3 times more than 1 TWh of renewable.
This has repercussions for the importance that the statistics attach to the various types of energy: they artificially inflate those that have the lowest electrical efficiency (nuclear and coal) and underestimate the share of energies with a high electrical efficiency (renewables and gas).
This has repercussions for the importance that the statistics attach to the various types of energy: they artificially inflate those that have the lowest electrical efficiency (nuclear and coal) and underestimate the share of energies with a high electrical efficiency (renewables and gas).
Bernard Laponche has made a detailed analysis of statistical documentation based on the Commission Green Paper
Bernard Laponche has made a detailed analysis of statistical documentation based on the Commission Green Paper
Bernard Laponche: Energy Consumption in the European Union, March 2006.
Bernard Laponche: Energy Consumption in the European Union, March 2006.
This document is available by e‑mail from
This document is available by e‑mail from
To rectify this serious distortion in interpretation of the statistics, we propose that
To rectify this serious distortion in interpretation of the statistics, we propose that
· the figured targets for European energy policy (improving energy efficiency, the share of renewable energies, and so on) should be expressed in terms of final energy;
· the figured targets for European energy policy (improving energy efficiency, the share of renewable energies, and so on) should be expressed in terms of final energy;
· an independent group of experts should be set up under Eurostat to review the relevance of the current conversion factors.
· an independent group of experts should be set up under Eurostat to review the relevance of the current conversion factors.
Inconsistencies in the energy independence indicators
Inconsistencies in the energy independence indicators
The way in which energy flows are accounted has a direct impact on the measurement of primary production and primary consumption, and thus on the way independence and self-sufficiency indicators are calculated.
The way in which energy flows are accounted has a direct impact on the measurement of primary production and primary consumption, and thus on the way independence and self-sufficiency indicators are calculated.
Two major sources of bias should be mentioned here:
Two major sources of bias should be mentioned here:
· the absence of accounting, or only partial accounting, of some energy flows.
· the absence of accounting, or only partial accounting, of some energy flows.
This problem is specific to nuclear power: the fact that fissile fuels are not accounted means that they appear neither in imports nor exports, creating a de facto distortion in the evaluation of the ratios measuring independence or self-sufficiency;
This problem is specific to nuclear power: the fact that fissile fuels are not accounted means that they appear neither in imports nor exports, creating a de facto distortion in the evaluation of the ratios measuring independence or self-sufficiency;
· distortion in the accounting of primary energies intended for the production of electricity.
· distortion in the accounting of primary energies intended for the production of electricity.
The impact here, as mentioned earlier, is on our understanding of energy flows.
The impact here, as mentioned earlier, is on our understanding of energy flows.
3.3 Misleading impressions from some energy efficiency indicators
3.3 Misleading impressions from some energy efficiency indicators
This notion in fact refers to two separate but closely linked realities:
This notion in fact refers to two separate but closely linked realities:
· the technical efficiency with which we produce and consume energy,
· the technical efficiency with which we produce and consume energy,
· the economic efficiency of the energy system.
· the economic efficiency of the energy system.
Technical efficiency measures the ability to fulfil demand (for heat, transport, production processes and so on) with smaller quantities of energy products.
Technical efficiency measures the ability to fulfil demand (for heat, transport, production processes and so on) with smaller quantities of energy products.
It is measured by sector and by use.
It is measured by sector and by use.
Thus two hazards absolutely must be avoided:
Thus two hazards absolutely must be avoided:
· confusion between energy efficiency (in terms of energy policy targets) and structural trends in the economy
· confusion between energy efficiency (in terms of energy policy targets) and structural trends in the economy
· forms of bias caused by accounting primary electricity in the indicators: final energy indicators do not cause this type of problem, even if they do not make it possible to apprehend the transformation sector.
· forms of bias caused by accounting primary electricity in the indicators: final energy indicators do not cause this type of problem, even if they do not make it possible to apprehend the transformation sector.
To provide a more objective reading of energy statistics, we propose that all Eurostat publications should include the following indices:
To provide a more objective reading of energy statistics, we propose that all Eurostat publications should include the following indices:
Independence and security of supply
Independence and security of supply
Primary mix diversity index (Shannon-Wiener)
Primary mix diversity index (Shannon-Wiener)
Independence level (primary production / primary consumption)
Independence level (primary production / primary consumption)
Overall level of self-sufficiency
Overall level of self-sufficiency
Self-sufficiency level of electricity system
Self-sufficiency level of electricity system
Energy efficiency
Energy efficiency
Primary/ final energy intensity of GDP
Primary/ final energy intensity of GDP
Primary/ final energy intensity of constant-structure GDP
Primary/ final energy intensity of constant-structure GDP
Energy per inhabitant: primary, final, electrical
Energy per inhabitant: primary, final, electrical
CO 2 energy emissions
CO 2 energy emissions
CO 2 energy intensity of GDP, CO 2 energy emissions per inhabitant
CO 2 energy intensity of GDP, CO 2 energy emissions per inhabitant
Share of renewable electricity in domestic electricity consumption
Share of renewable electricity in domestic electricity consumption
Share of renewables in final consumption
Share of renewables in final consumption
Енергийна статистика
Energy statistics
Jan Březina, Philippe Busquin, Jerzy Buzek, Jorgo Chatzimarkakis, Giles Chichester, Pilar del Castillo Vera, Den Dover, Nicole Fontaine, Adam Gierek, Norbert Glante, Umberto Guidoni, András Gyürk, David Hammerstein, Erna Hennicot-Schoepges, Ján Hudacký, Romana Jordan Cizelj, Werner Langen, Anne Laperrouze, Eluned Morgan, Angelika Niebler, Reino Paasilinna, Miloslav Ransdorf, Vladimír Remek, Herbert Reul, Teresa Riera Madurell, Paul Rübig, Andres Tarand, Britta Thomsen, Radu Ţîrle, Catherine Trautmann, Claude Turmes, Nikolaos Vakalis, Alejo Vidal-Quadras
Jan Březina, Philippe Busquin, Jerzy Buzek, Jorgo Chatzimarkakis, Giles Chichester, Pilar del Castillo Vera, Den Dover, Nicole Fontaine, Adam Gierek, Norbert Glante, Umberto Guidoni, András Gyürk, David Hammerstein, Erna Hennicot-Schoepges, Ján Hudacký, Romana Jordan Cizelj, Werner Langen, Anne Laperrouze, Eluned Morgan, Angelika Niebler, Reino Paasilinna, Miloslav Ransdorf, Vladimír Remek, Herbert Reul, Teresa Riera Madurell, Paul Rübig, Andres Tarand, Britta Thomsen, Radu Ţîrle, Catherine Trautmann, Claude Turmes, Nikolaos Vakalis, Alejo Vidal-Quadras
Pilar Ayuso, Joan Calabuig Rull, Avril Doyle, Neena Gill, Lambert van Nistelrooij
Pilar Ayuso, Joan Calabuig Rull, Avril Doyle, Neena Gill, Lambert van Nistelrooij
Holger Krahmer, Umberto Pirilli, Carl Schlyter
Holger Krahmer, Umberto Pirilli, Carl Schlyter
относно предложението за регламент на Европейския парламент и на Съвета за изменение на Регламент (ЕО) № 515/97 на Съвета относно взаимната помощ между административните власти на държавите-членки и сътрудничеството между тях и Комисията с оглед осигуряването на правилното прилагане на нормативната уредба в областта на митниците и земеделието;
on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) No 515/97 on mutual assistance between the administrative authorities of the Member States and cooperation between the latter and the Commission to ensure the correct application of the law on customs and agricultural matters
Jean-Pierre Audy , комисия по бюджетен контрол
Jean-Pierre Audy , Committee on Budgetary Control
(*) Засилено сътрудничество между комисиите - член 47 от Правилника за дейността на ЕП
(*) Procedure with associated committees - Rule 47 of the Rule of Procedures
PE 390.543v02-00
PE 390.543v02-00
– като взе предвид предложението на Комисията към Европейския парламент и към Съвета ( COM(2006)0866 )
– having regard to the Commission proposal to the European Parliament and the Council ( COM(2006)0866 )
– като взе предвид член 251, параграф 2 и членове 135 и 280 от Договора за ЕО, съгласно които предложението му е представено от Комисията ( C6-0033/2007 ),
– having regard to Article 251(2) and Articles 135 and 280 of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Commission submitted the proposal to Parliament ( C6‑0033/2007 ),
– като взе предвид доклада на комисията по вътрешния пазар и защита на потребителите и становището на комисията по бюджетен контрол ( A6-0488/2007 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection and the opinion of the Committee on Budgetary Control ( A6‑0488/2007 ),
ПОЗОВАВАНЕ 4 А (ново)
CITATION 4 A (new)
като взе предвид становището на Европейския надзорен орган по защита на данните 1 ,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Data Protection Supervisor 1 ,
Addition in line with the mandatory character of art.28 (2) of Reg.45/2001, requesting a consultation of the EDPS
Addition in line with the mandatory character of art.28 (2) of Reg.45/2001, requesting a consultation of the EDPS
ПОЗОВАВАНЕ 4 Б (ново)
CITATION 4 B (new)