natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Създаване на единен трудов пазар за изследователи
Creating a single labour market for researchers
Настоятелно призовава държавите-членки и регионите да изготвят стратегии за развитие на материалните и човешки ресурси в областта на научните изследвания и новаторството, по-специално подобряване и предоставяне на научноизследователски инфраструктури, повишена мобилност за изследователите чрез засилена финансова подкрепа, местни инициативи за привличане на изследователи, премахване на правни, административни и езикови бариери, обмен на персонал и осигуряване на гарантиран достъп за всички, особено за жените изследователи и младите изследователи;
Urges the Member States and regions to devise strategies for the development of material and human resources in research and innovation covering, for example, the upgrade and supply of research infrastructures, increased mobility for researchers through greater financial support, local initiatives to attract researchers, the removal of legal, administrative and language barriers, staff exchanges and guaranteed access for all, especially female researchers and the young;
6. подчертава значението на пълно отваряне и прозрачност на процедурите за подбор и повишение на научните изследователи; призовава държавите-членки да гарантират по-голямо равновесие между мъже и жени в комисиите за наемане и повишение;
Stresses the importance of making the recruitment and promotion procedures for research workers fully open and transparent; calls on Member States to ensure a better balance between men and women as regards recruitment and promotion boards;
19. отбелязва, че социалната среда на научните изследователи следва да се подобрява чрез предложения за работа за съпруга/съпругата или чрез оказване на помощ при търсенето на предложения за грижи или образование за техните деца;
Considers that social conditions for researchers should be improved by creating employment opportunities for the partners of researchers and the provision of support in their search for care facilities or schooling for their children;
20. приветства напредъка, постигнат в областта на развитието на научноизследователските инфраструктури чрез приемането на пътната карта на Европейския стратегически форум за научноизследователски инфраструктури (ESFRI); независимо от това счита, че трябва да има разпоредба, която да включва създаването на нови съоръжения и инфраструктури, които понастоящем се развиват от държавите-членки, наред с инфраструктурите, посочени от ESFRI;
Welcomes the progress made in developing research infrastructures with the adoption of the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) roadmap; nevertheless believes that provision should be made to include new facilities and infrastructures currently being developed by Member States alongside the infrastructures identified by the ESFRI;
Европейската организация за ядрени изследвания (CERN), Европейската космическа агенция (ESA) и Европейското споразумение за разработване на термоядрен синтез (EFDA), макар че би следвало да се избягват междуправителствените договори, които обикновено са необходими за осъществяването на подобни организации;
Calls on the Commission to propose a legal framework to facilitate the creation and operation of major Community research organisations and infrastructures and to consider the involvement of existing European institutions and agreements, such as the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN), the European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA), albeit that intergovernmental treaties to implement such organisations should be avoided;
Укрепване на научноизследователските институции
Strengthening research institutions
Обмен на знания
Sharing knowledge
Оптимизиране на научноизследователските програми и приоритети
Optimising research programmes and priorities
Настоятелно призовава държавите-членки да гарантират оптимално финансиране на национални и регионални научноизследователски дейности, определени в оперативните програми, и да гарантират ефикасен обмен на добри практики и сътрудничество между регионите; отбелязва, че примерите на добри практики, които са ефикасни в даден регион, не могат да бъдат приложени без да бъдат изменени в който и да е друг регион; подчертава следователно специфичния характер на оценяването на регионално равнище въз основа на надеждни, прозрачни и приети от всички показатели;
Urges the Member States to ensure optimal funding of national and regional research activities defined in the Operational Programmes and to ensure the efficient exchange of good practices and cooperation between regions; notes that examples of good practice that are effective in one region cannot be transferred to other regions without adaptation; underlines, therefore, the specific nature of assessments carried out at regional level using reliable, transparent and universally accepted indicators;
Отваряне за света: международно сътрудничество в областта на науката и технологиите
Opening up to the world: international cooperation in S&T
OВ L 289, 03.11.2005 г., стp.
OJ L 289, 3.11.2005, p.
15. , като се вземат предвид нуждите на научните изследователи; подкрепя предложението на Комисията за създаване на система за синя карта, която ще бъде от голяма полза за човешките ресурси, заети в областта на науката и технологиите, които не попадат в обхвата на директивата ;
15 . , taking full account of the needs of researchers ; supports the Commission's proposal for the creation of a blue card system which would be of great value for human resources in S&T not covered by the directive;
Изразява желание европейското изследователско пространство (ЕИП), с оглед на неговото отваряне към света, да отреди привилегировано място на най-отдалечените региони и на отвъдморските страни и територии с цел използване на предимствата и богатствата, които предлагат тези асоциирани или европейски региони, като ги включи по един последователен начин в дейности на сътрудничество в областта на науката и технологиите в рамките на „мрежите на компетентност“;
Hopes that the ERA, from the point of view of its openness to the world, will favour the outermost regions (ORs) and the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCT) in order to make the most of the advantages and riches offered by these European or partner regions, by incorporating them coherently into scientific and technological cooperation actions in the context of ‘networks of excellence’;
Research, society and economic growth
Research, society and economic growth
The role of science and technology in the society has been strongly influenced by the view that sees Research and Development (R&D) mainly as an instrument of economic competition: research is worth only if able to promote innovation.
The role of science and technology in the society has been strongly influenced by the view that sees Research and Development (R&D) mainly as an instrument of economic competition: research is worthwhile only if able to promote innovation.
This analysis leads to favour applied research rather than basic investigation, the development of new technologies rather than the discovery of new scientific theories, a short term perspective instead of a long period commitment.
This analysis leads to favour applied research rather than basic investigation, the development of new technologies rather than the discovery of new scientific theories, a short term perspective instead of a long period commitment.
The debate has been focused almost entirely on the economic value of R&D, more and more attention has been paid to instruments to protect Intellectual Property Rights (IPR’s).
The debate has been focused almost entirely on the economic value of R&D, more and more attention has been paid to instruments to protect Intellectual Property Rights (IPR’s).
In recent years, deep changes took place regarding the system of IPR’s: widening areas of protected knowledge and granting a broader range of rights to patent holders.
In recent years, deep changes took place regarding the system of IPR’s: widening areas of protected knowledge and granting a broader range of rights to patent holders.
Patentable topics has been widened including software and databases (those related to genetics and geophysics) and even basic science has been involved (like mathematics and biology).
Patentable topics has been widened including software and databases (those related to genetics and geophysics) and even basic science has been involved (like mathematics and biology).
The increased economic value of IPR´s has lead to a significant increment of patents: the number of requests at the European Patent Office increased from 70,000, in 1990, to 129,000 in 2000; the same happened in US were patents increased from 62,000, in 1980, to 90,000, in 1990, and 166,000 on 2001.
The increased economic value of IPR´s has lead to a significant increment of patents: the number of requests at the European Patent Office increased from 70,000, in 1990, to 129,000 in 2000; the same happened in US were patents increased from 62,000, in 1980, to 90,000, in 1990, and 166,000 on 2001.
Also the relative controversies for patents and copyrights increased, at least in the United States.
Also the relative controversies for patents and copyrights increased, at least in the United States.
But two divergent positions exist on the matter.
But two divergent positions exist on the matter.
On one side, it is due to guarantee incentives to inventors: if the economic return for the author is not protected, there is a risk of slowing down innovation.
On one side, it is due to guarantee incentives to inventors: if the economic return for the author is not protected, there is a risk of slowing down innovation.
On the other side, broadening IPR´s can create undesired obstacles to the spread of knowledge, the very basic ingredient for innovation.
On the other side, broadening IPR´s can create undesired obstacles to the spread of knowledge, the very basic ingredient for innovation.
An excessive extension of patents could generate a distortion of resources allocated for technical innovation, investments that are routed towards areas with bigger private return rather than on those with greater interest for the whole society
An excessive extension of patents could generate a distortion of resources allocated for technical innovation, investments that are routed towards areas with bigger private return rather than on those with greater interest for the whole society
In the Ocse meeting of January 2004, was stated that the IPR’s system should not reduce access to new knowledge.
In the Ocse meeting of January 2004, was stated that the IPR’s system should not reduce access to new knowledge.
Governments were asked to adopt appropriate measures to guarantee that scientific data from public financed research were made available to everyone .
Governments were asked to adopt appropriate measures to guarantee that scientific data from public financed research were made available to everyone .
The rapporteur believes that it is important to go back to the main mission of scientific research: the creation of new knowledge
The rapporteur believes that it is important to go back to the main mission of scientific research: the creation of new knowledge
"...universities and the endowed research institutes must furnish both the new scientific knowledge and the trained research workers.
"...universities and the endowed research institutes must furnish both the new scientific knowledge and the trained research workers.
These institutions are uniquely qualified by tradition and by their special characteristics to carry on basic research.
These institutions are uniquely qualified by tradition and by their special characteristics to carry on basic research.
They are charged with the responsibility of conserving the knowledge accumulated by the past, imparting that knowledge to students, and contributing new knowledge of all kinds.
They are charged with the responsibility of conserving the knowledge accumulated by the past, imparting that knowledge to students, and contributing new knowledge of all kinds.
It is chiefly in these institutions that scientists may work in an atmosphere which is relatively free from the adverse pressure of convention, prejudice, or commercial necessity.
It is chiefly in these institutions that scientists may work in an atmosphere which is relatively free from the adverse pressure of convention, prejudice, or commercial necessity.
At their best they provide the scientific worker with a strong sense of solidarity and security, as well as a substantial degree of personal intellectual freedom.
At their best they provide the scientific worker with a strong sense of solidarity and security, as well as a substantial degree of personal intellectual freedom.
All of these factors are of great importance in the development of new knowledge, since much of new knowledge is certain to arouse opposition because of its tendency to challenge current beliefs or practice.
All of these factors are of great importance in the development of new knowledge, since much of new knowledge is certain to arouse opposition because of its tendency to challenge current beliefs or practice.
Industry is generally inhibited by preconceived goals, by its own clearly defined standards, and by the constant pressure of commercial necessity.
Industry is generally inhibited by preconceived goals, by its own clearly defined standards, and by the constant pressure of commercial necessity.
Satisfactory progress in basic science seldom occurs under conditions prevailing in the normal industrial laboratory..."
Satisfactory progress in basic science seldom occurs under conditions prevailing in the normal industrial laboratory..."
(Vannevar Bush, The Endless Frontier, 1945). .
(Vannevar Bush, The Endless Frontier, 1945). .
It is necessary to re-evaluate a diffused preconception that sees a linear relationship between R&D and innovation.
It is necessary to re-evaluate a diffused preconception that sees a linear relationship between R&D and innovation.
Indeed, correlations do exist but they involve higher levels of complexity and potentially have to do with areas well outside the realm of science.
Indeed, correlations do exist but they involve higher levels of complexity and potentially have to do with areas well outside the realm of science.
Therefore, the perception of research as a sort of "panacea" to solve economic and social problems needs to be corrected.
Therefore, the perception of research as a sort of "panacea" to solve economic and social problems needs to be corrected.
On the other hand, we cannot imagine leaving R&D only in the hands of scientists working in their "ivory tower".
On the other hand, we cannot imagine leaving R&D only in the hands of scientists working in their "ivory tower".
Although it does not directly address, visible and immediate economic dividends, R&D is a fundamental factor for the creation of the knowledge based society in Europe.
Although it does not directly address visible and immediate economic dividends, R&D is a fundamental factor for the creation of the knowledge based society in Europe.
There are convincing evidences that public funded investigations produce considerable social benefits.
There is convincing evidence that public-funded research produces considerable social benefits.
However, these benefits are often thin, heterogeneous, difficult to characterize and to measure, and mainly indirect.
However, these benefits are often thin, heterogeneous, difficult to characterize and to measure, and mainly indirect.
Public research must be considered more like a source of new ideas, methods and, above all, as a mean to train people to solve complex problems.
Public research must be considered more like a source of new ideas, methods and, above all, as a mean to train people to solve complex problems.
Unfortunately there are no simple models to describe the nature of the benefits stemming from public funded research and it is even more difficult to establish the amount of resources and the areas on which to invest, also because there are considerable differences among countries and fields.
Unfortunately there are no simple models to describe the nature of the benefits stemming from public funded research and it is even more difficult to establish the amount of resources and the areas on which to invest, also because there are considerable differences among countries and fields.
The literature available indicates that the financing of research, like many other public funded fields (such as security and defence ), is not easy to justify only in terms of " measurable economic benefits ”.
The literature available indicates that the financing of research, like many other public funded fields (such as security and defence ), is not easy to justify only in terms of " measurable economic benefits ”.
The need for research governance
The need for research governance
EU governments have set the ambitious Lisbon agenda, which emphasises the key role of the transition to the knowledge-based economy in securing sustainable growth, more and better jobs and greater social cohesion.
EU governments have set the ambitious Lisbon agenda, which emphasises the key role of the transition to the knowledge-based economy in securing sustainable growth, more and better jobs and greater social cohesion.
Such ambitions and such a vision of the future are vital if policy in Europe has to reflect major societal concerns.
Such ambitions and such a vision of the future are vital if policy in Europe has to reflect major societal concerns.
However, the part that R&D can play in this process will be constrained if a number of key factors, which currently prevent Europe from achieving its full S&T potential, are not adequately addressed.
However, the part that R&D can play in this process will be constrained if a number of key factors, which currently prevent Europe from achieving its full S&T potential, are not adequately addressed.
The rapporteur believes that the innovative performance of Europe, and thus its growth potential, depends upon the development of a “ balanced system " of knowledge production and distribution.
The rapporteur believes that the innovative performance of Europe, and thus its growth potential, depends upon the development of a “ balanced system " of knowledge production and distribution.
The role of the Commission and MS’s then is to invest in human capital, intensify relationships, and optimise the flows of knowledge.
The role of the Commission and MS’s then is to invest in human capital, intensify relationships, and optimise the flows of knowledge.
Europe has to search for alternative criteria to measure the effectiveness of policy instruments, especially looking at the catalyst effects of public support, also referred to as “behavioural additionality”
Europe has to search for alternative criteria to measure the effectiveness of policy instruments, especially looking at the catalyst effects of public support, also referred to as “ behavioural additionality ”
Muldur, U., Corvers, F., Delanghe, H., Dratwa, J., Heimberger, D., Sloan, B., Vanslembrouck, S., "A new Deal for an Effective European Research Policy - The Design and Impacts of the 7th Framework Programme", 2006 .
Muldur, U., Corvers, F., Delanghe, H., Dratwa, J., Heimberger, D., Sloan, B., Vanslembrouck, S., "A new Deal for an Effective European Research Policy - The Design and Impacts of the 7th Framework Programme", 2006 .
A factor contributing to Europe's weakness in Science and Technology is the lack of sufficient investment in R&D
A factor contributing to Europe's weakness in Science and Technology is the lack of sufficient investment in R&D
The United States and Japan not only invest more of their GDP in R&D than the EU (2.67% and 3.20% respectively in 2003 compared with 1.90% for the EU), but have also increased their R&D intensity since the mid-1990s, leaving Europe seriously lagging behind. .
The United States and Japan not only invest more of their GDP in R&D than the EU (2.67% and 3.20% respectively in 2003 compared with 1.90% for the EU), but have also increased their R&D intensity since the mid-1990s, leaving Europe seriously lagging behind. .
If Europe wants to tackle the tough economic, social and environmental challenges it faces at the beginning of the twenty-first century, it will need to spend more on research.
If Europe wants to tackle the tough economic, social and environmental challenges it faces at the beginning of the twenty-first century, it will need to spend more on research.
The steps taken at the Lisbon European Council in 2000 were a reaction to these concerns about Europe's underinvestment in the knowledge economy, and this was further reinforced at the Barcelona summit in 2002, where the EU set itself the objective of reaching an R&D intensity of 3 per cent by 2010.
The steps taken at the Lisbon European Council in 2000 were a reaction to these concerns about Europe's underinvestment in the knowledge economy, and this was further reinforced at the Barcelona summit in 2002, where the EU set itself the objective of reaching an R&D intensity of 3 per cent by 2010.
However, the growth in its R&D spending since 2000 has been insufficient to achieve this target
However, the growth in its R&D spending since 2000 has been insufficient to achieve this target
Between 2000 and 2003 the average annual growth of EU-25 R&D intensity was just 0.7%, a trend which, if continued, would lead to an intensity of only about 2.2 % in 2010. .
Between 2000 and 2003 the average annual growth of EU-25 R&D intensity was just 0.7%, a trend which, if continued, would lead to an intensity of only about 2.2 % in 2010. .
Yet much of the gap in spending compared with its competitors relates to R&D financed by industry.
Yet much of the gap in spending compared with its competitors relates to R&D financed by industry.
Market failures prevent the private sector from investing in research at the socially optimum level.
Market failures prevent the private sector from investing in research at the socially optimum level.
Governments have an important role to play: both by providing incentives and conditions which encourage more private investment in R&D, and by stepping in to support R&D in cases where business would not otherwise do so.
Governments have an important role to play: both by providing incentives and conditions which encourage more private investment in R&D, and by stepping in to support R&D in cases where business would not otherwise do so.
But, above all, the role of governments is creating the conditions to allow new knowledge to be created and made available to all society.
But, above all, the role of governments is creating the conditions to allow new knowledge to be created and made available to all society.
Indeed, knowledge and innovation have the characteristics of a " public good", that is, something that should be accessible to everybody in a society.
Indeed, knowledge and innovation have the characteristics of a " public good", that is, something that should be accessible to everybody in a society.
Muldur, U., Corvers, F., Delanghe, H., Dratwa, J., Heimberger, D., Sloan, B., Vanslembrouck, S., "A new Deal for an Effective European Research Policy - The Design and Impacts of the 7th Framework Programme", 2006
Muldur, U., Corvers, F., Delanghe, H., Dratwa, J., Heimberger, D., Sloan, B., Vanslembrouck, S., "A new Deal for an Effective European Research Policy - The Design and Impacts of the 7th Framework Programme", 2006
"The need for public support of research also derives from the system nature of innovation, and from the importance to invest in human capital and networks to ensure the absorption of knowledge.
"The need for public support of research also derives from the system nature of innovation, and from the importance to invest in human capital and networks to ensure the absorption of knowledge.
The process of knowledge production is much more complex than the linear model suggests.
The process of knowledge production is much more complex than the linear model suggests.