natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This includes addressing teacher recruitment; teacher training, both initial and continuous; the status of the teaching profession; the management of schools; and genuinely taking advantage of what the EU can do to add value to all of these, especially through the exchange of best practice.
This includes addressing teacher recruitment; teacher training, both initial and continuous; the status of the teaching profession; the management of schools; and genuinely taking advantage of what the EU can do to add value to all of these, especially through the exchange of best practice.
In this overall context, the following recommendations should be considered:
In this overall context, the following recommendations should be considered:
Recruit the best candidates
Recruit the best candidates
It is important that Member States ensure their education expenditure is efficient and targeted towards those areas that will generate the best results.
It is important that Member States ensure their education expenditure is efficient and targeted towards those areas that will generate the best results.
As a recent report by McKinsey underlines, ‘the available evidence suggests that the main driver of the variation in student learning at school is the quality of teachers’
As a recent report by McKinsey underlines, ‘the available evidence suggests that the main driver of the variation in student learning at school is the quality of teachers’
'How the world's best-performing schools come out on top', September 2007, p.12. .
'How the world's best-performing schools come out on top', September 2007, p.12. .
For example, while reducing class sizes improves the overall performance of students, the evidence suggests that the degree of improvement is much less than if the same students are consistently taught by effective and top-performing teachers.
For example, while reducing class sizes improves the overall performance of students, the evidence suggests that the degree of improvement is much less than if the same students are consistently taught by effective and top-performing teachers.
The reverse is also true: if a student is consistently placed with poor teachers, his or her performance will be significantly affected, an impact which is particularly accentuated during the very important early years of education
The reverse is also true: if a student is consistently placed with poor teachers, his or her performance will be significantly affected, an impact which is particularly accentuated during the very important early years of education
See Ibid. p.12.
See Ibid. p.12.
In its 2006 Communication on ' Efficiency and Equity in European Education and Training Systems' (COM (2006)0481, 8.9.2006), the Commission concludes that "pre-primary education has the highest rates of return of the whole lifelong learning continuum", p.3.
In its 2006 Communication on 'Efficiency and Equity in European Education and Training Systems' (COM (2006)0481, 8.9.2006), the Commission concludes that "pre-primary education has the highest rates of return of the whole lifelong learning continuum", p.3.
The key challenge is therefore to ensure that the best candidates become teachers.
The key challenge is therefore to ensure that the best candidates become teachers.
This not only applies to ensuring that a good proportion of the best graduates choose the teaching profession over other careers.
This not only applies to ensuring that a good proportion of the best graduates choose the teaching profession over other careers.
School systems will also benefit, in terms of addressing teacher shortages and introducing new and valuable skills, by attracting experienced and high quality professionals from other walks of life into teaching at a later stage in their careers.
School systems will also benefit, in terms of addressing teacher shortages and introducing new and valuable skills, by attracting experienced and high quality professionals from other walks of life into teaching at a later stage in their careers.
Improve status, recognition and remuneration in the teaching profession
Improve status, recognition and remuneration in the teaching profession
Teaching is sometimes considered as a second-rate career choice: in some countries there is a tendency towards enrolment in initial teacher education programmes as ‘a fall-back option in case the graduate labour market deteriorates’
Teaching is sometimes considered as a second-rate career choice: in some countries there is a tendency towards enrolment in initial teacher education programmes as ‘a fall-back option in case the graduate labour market deteriorates’
"Teachers Matter: Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers", OECD 2005, p.102. .
"Teachers Matter: Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers", OECD 2005, p.102. .
Nevertheless, successful school systems are not founded on second-best teachers.
Nevertheless, successful school systems are not founded on second-best teachers.
It is important that teaching is considered an attractive profession for the best candidates.
It is important that teaching is considered an attractive profession for the best candidates.
Key to this is the status of teachers in society.
Key to this is the status of teachers in society.
Studies show that perceived status is closely linked to both selection and to remuneration.
Studies show that perceived status is closely linked to both selection and to remuneration.
Introducing competitive selection into the teacher recruitment process can make teaching more attractive, by challenging the belief that ‘anyone can teach’.
Introducing competitive selection into the teacher recruitment process can make teaching more attractive, by challenging the belief that ‘anyone can teach’.
Similarly, while teaching is essentially a vocational career and salary is rarely cited by candidates as the main motivation for entering the profession, it is nevertheless important to get remuneration – and starting salaries – right.
Similarly, while teaching is essentially a vocational career and salary is rarely cited by candidates as the main motivation for entering the profession, it is nevertheless important to get remuneration – and starting salaries – right.
As McKinsey highlights, ‘all top-performing systems [...] paid starting salaries that were at or above the OECD average, relative to their GDP per capita’
As McKinsey highlights, ‘all top-performing systems [...] paid starting salaries that were at or above the OECD average, relative to their GDP per capita’
'How the world's best-performing schools come out on top', September 2007, p.20. .
'How the world's best-performing schools come out on top', September 2007, p.20. .
Pay, status and job satisfaction are also important elements in ensuring the retention of good staff, who might otherwise be tempted away from teaching by better paid careers in the private sector – especially teachers of science and technology.
Pay, status and job satisfaction are also important elements in ensuring the retention of good staff, who might otherwise be tempted away from teaching by better paid careers in the private sector – especially teachers of science and technology.
As the Commission Communication highlights, ‘teachers who receive higher pay relative to other professions are less likely to leave the profession’
As the Commission Communication highlights, ‘teachers who receive higher pay relative to other professions are less likely to leave the profession’
Invest in initial and continuous training
Invest in initial and continuous training
Once the best candidate teachers have been selected and recruited, the challenge is to ensure that these teachers are turned into the most effective instructors.
Once the best candidate teachers have been selected and recruited, the challenge is to ensure that these teachers are turned into the most effective instructors.
This requires teachers to develop a specific set of skills and knowledge, and in turn requires significant investment in training both new and experienced teachers.
This requires teachers to develop a specific set of skills and knowledge, and in turn requires significant investment in training both new and experienced teachers.
Member States should therefore continue to improve initial teacher training and facilitate continuous professional development for teachers throughout their careers, so that they have opportunities to improve and update their qualifications, as well as their pedagogical skills.
Member States should therefore continue to improve initial teacher training and facilitate continuous professional development for teachers throughout their careers, so that they have opportunities to improve and update their qualifications, as well as their pedagogical skills.
To ensure the quality of teacher training, the quality of the teachers providing the training must also be a priority.
To ensure the quality of teacher training, the quality of the teachers providing the training must also be a priority.
For this reason it is important to recognise the role that accomplished and experienced teachers can play in newer colleagues' training.
For this reason it is important to recognise the role that accomplished and experienced teachers can play in newer colleagues' training.
A slight reduction in these experienced teachers' classes could be envisaged so that they can in turn devote more time to training their colleagues.
A slight reduction in these experienced teachers' classes could be envisaged so that they can in turn devote more time to training their colleagues.
Similarly, encouraging each school to use its own resources so that teachers can learn together - and from each other - is important and can help improve overall learning environments.
Similarly, encouraging each school to use its own resources so that teachers can learn together - and from each other - is important and can help improve overall learning environments.
As the role of teachers changes, so must the range of available training.
As the role of teachers changes, so must the range of available training.
For example ICT education should be prioritised to guarantee up-to-date knowledge of recent technological developments and that teachers have the necessary skills to take advantage of these in the classroom.
For example ICT education should be prioritised to guarantee up-to-date knowledge of recent technological developments and that teachers have the necessary skills to take advantage of these in the classroom.
In addition, sufficient investment should be provided for the recruitment and training of foreign language teachers, so that schools have the necessary resources to improve foreign language learning - and to provide it from a very early age.
In addition, sufficient investment should be provided for the recruitment and training of foreign language teachers, so that schools have the necessary resources to improve foreign language learning - and to provide it from a very early age.
Strongly support exchanging best practice
Strongly support exchanging best practice
While there are over twenty seven different education systems in place across the EU, there is also a wide range of different outcomes.
While there are over twenty seven different education systems in place across the EU, there is also a wide range of different outcomes.
This leads to the inevitable conclusion that the systems of some Member States are performing better than others.
This leads to the inevitable conclusion that the systems of some Member States are performing better than others.
There is clearly much need for Member States to learn from each other and to exchange best practice according to international benchmarks and standards – although better comparative statistics are needed in order to facilitate these exchanges between Member States.
There is clearly much need for Member States to learn from each other and to exchange best practice according to international benchmarks and standards – although better comparative statistics are needed in order to facilitate these exchanges between Member States.
Exchanges of best practice can clearly take place both at a macro and a micro level.
Exchanges of best practice can clearly take place both at a macro and a micro level.
At a macro level, Member States have recently agreed to work together in the area of teacher education and to exchange best practice through the Open Method of Coordination in the Council – and this is warmly welcomed, while underlining that this is an opportunity that Member States must genuinely take advantage of.
At a macro level, Member States have recently agreed to work together in the area of teacher education and to exchange best practice through the Open Method of Coordination in the Council – and this is warmly welcomed, while underlining that this is an opportunity that Member States must genuinely take advantage of.
At a micro level, the EU has a role in encouraging individual teachers from different countries to learn from each other directly through the mobility programmes at school level, and notably Comenius.
At a micro level, the EU has a role in encouraging individual teachers from different countries to learn from each other directly through the mobility programmes at school level, and notably Comenius.
This draft report strongly supports these mobility initiatives.
This draft report strongly supports these mobility initiatives.
Promote more school-level decision-making
Promote more school-level decision-making
Research suggests that school leadership and management "is second only to classroom teaching as an influence on learning"
Research suggests that school leadership and management "is second only to classroom teaching as an influence on learning"
'How the world's best-performing schools come out on top', September 2007, p.29 and that experienced and effective school management leads to a culture of high expectation throughout a school.
'How the world's best-performing schools come out on top', September 2007, p.29 and that experienced and effective school management leads to a culture of high expectation throughout a school.
At the same time every school has a unique and particular environment, from the range of its pupils to its resources and staff.
At the same time every school has a unique and particular environment, from the range of its pupils to its resources and staff.
In this context, the leaders of every school should have more responsibility, in collaboration with parents and local community stakeholders, to address and manage their particular education challenges, including their own teacher training requirements.
In this context, the leaders of every school should have more responsibility, in collaboration with parents and local community stakeholders, to address and manage their particular education challenges, including their own teacher training requirements.
Maria Badia i Cutchet, Katerina Batzeli, Ivo Belet, Giovanni Berlinguer, Nicodim Bulzesc, Marielle De Sarnez, Marie-Hélène Descamps, Jolanta Dičkutė, Milan Gaľa, Claire Gibault, Vasco Graça Moura, Christopher Heaton-Harris, Luis Herrero-Tejedor, Ruth Hieronymi, Mikel Irujo Amezaga, Ramona Nicole Mănescu, Manolis Mavrommatis, Ljudmila Novak, Dumitru Oprea, Zdzisław Zbigniew Podkański, Mihaela Popa, Christa Prets, Pál Schmitt, Hannu Takkula, Helga Trüpel, Thomas Wise
Maria Badia i Cutchet, Katerina Batzeli, Ivo Belet, Giovanni Berlinguer, Nicodim Bulzesc, Marielle De Sarnez, Marie-Hélène Descamps, Jolanta Dičkutė, Milan Gaľa, Claire Gibault, Vasco Graça Moura, Christopher Heaton-Harris, Luis Herrero-Tejedor, Ruth Hieronymi, Mikel Irujo Amezaga, Ramona Nicole Mănescu, Manolis Mavrommatis, Ljudmila Novak, Dumitru Oprea, Zdzisław Zbigniew Podkański, Mihaela Popa, Christa Prets, Pál Schmitt, Hannu Takkula, Helga Trüpel, Thomas Wise
Cornelis Visser , комисия по култура и образование
Cornelis Visser , Committee on Culture and Education
(*) Асоциирани комисии - член 47 от правилника
(*) Associated committee - Rule 47 of the Rules of Procedure
PE 405.999v02-00
PE 405.999v02-00
СТАНОВИЩЕ на комисията по вътрешния пазар и защита на потребителите Error!
OPINION of the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection 16
(*) Асоциирани комисии - член 47
(*) Associated committee - Rule 47
относно пълноценното използване на предимствата от цифровия дивидент в Европа: общ подход към използването на радиочестотния спектър, освободен при преминаване към цифрово радиоразпръскване
on reaping the full benefits of the digital dividend in Europe: a common approach to the use of spectrum released by the digital switchover
– като взе предвид съобщението на Комисията, озаглавено „Пълноценно използване на предимствата от цифровия дивидент в Европа: общ подход към използването на радиочестотния спектър, освободен при преминаване към цифрово радиоразпръскване“ ( COM(2007)0700 ) (Съобщение на Комисията относно общ подход към използването на радиочестотния спектър),
– having regard to the Commission Communication entitled "Reaping the full benefits of the digital dividend in Europe: A common approach to the use of the spectrum released by the digital switchover" ( COM(2007)0700 ) (Commission Communication on a common approach to the use of spectrum),
– като взе предвид своята резолюция от 14 Февруари 2008 г., озаглавена „Пътят към разработване на европейска политика в областта на радиочестотния спектър“
– having regard to its resolution of 14 February 2007 entitled "Towards a European policy on the radio spectrum"
– като взе предвид съобщението на Комисията, озаглавено „Приоритети на ЕС във връзка с радиочестотния спектър с оглед на цифровизацията в контекста на предстоящата Регионална конференция по радиокомуникации (РКР-2006 г.) на Международния съюз по далекосъобщения“ ( COM(2005)0461 ),
– having regard to the Commission Communication entitled "EU spectrum priorities for the digital switchover in the context of the upcoming ITU Regional Radiocommunication Conference 2006 (RRC-06)" ( COM(2005)0461 ),
– като взе предвид становището на групата за политика в областта на радиочестотния спектър от 14 февруари 2007 г., озаглавено "Значението на цифровия дивидент за политиката на ЕС в областта на радиочестотния спектър",
– having regard to the opinion of the Radio Spectrum Policy Group of 14 February 2007 entitled "EU Spectrum Policy Implications of the Digital Dividend",– having regard to its resolution of 16 November 2005 on accelerating the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting
– като взе предвид доклада на комисията по промишленост, изследвания и енергетика и становищата на комисията по култура и образование, комисията по икономически и парични въпроси комисията по вътрешния пазар и защита на потребителите ( A6‑0305/2008 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy and the opinions of the Committee on Culture and Education, the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection ( A6‑0305/2008 ),
A. като има предвид, че преминаването от аналогова към цифрова наземна телевизия до края на 2012 г. ще освободи значителна част от радиочестотния спектър в Европейския съюз като резултат от изключителната ефикасност на преноса на информация при цифровата технология, като по този начин ще направи възможно преразпределяне на спектъра и ще предостави нови възможности за развитие на пазара и за разширяване на кръга от качествени потребителски услуги и избор,
A. whereas the switchover from analogue to digital terrestrial television by the end of 2012 will as a result of the superior transmission efficiency of digital technology free up a significant amount of spectrum in the European Union, thus offering the possibility of reallocating spectrum and presenting new opportunities for market growth and for the expansion of quality consumer services and choice,
Б. като има предвид, че ползите от използването на радиочестотния спектър ще бъдат увеличени до най-голяма възможна степен чрез координирани действия на равнище на ЕС, за да се гарантира оптимално използване от гледна точка на ефикасност,
B. whereas the benefits of the use of radio spectrum will be maximised through coordinated action at EU level in order to ensure optimal use in terms of efficiency,
В. като има предвид, че радиочестотният спектър представлява ключов елемент при предоставянето на широк кръг от услуги и за развитие на пазарите, за които технологиите са движеща сила и чиято стойност се оценява на 2,2% от БВП на ЕС, и поради това е ключов фактор за растежа, производителността и развитието на европейската промишленост в съответствие с Лисабонската стратегия,
C. whereas radio spectrum is key to the provision of a wide range of services and to the development of technology-driven markets whose value is estimated at 2,2 % of EU's GPD, and is therefore a key factor for the growth, productivity and development of European industry in accordance with the Lisbon Strategy,
Г. като има предвид, че радиочестотният спектър е едновременно оскъден природен ресурс и обществено благо, а ефективното използване на този ресурс има ключово значение за гарантиране на достъпа до него на всички заинтересовани страни, които желаят да сродни услуги,
D. whereas radio spectrum is both a scarce natural resource and a public good, and its efficient use is critical in ensuring access to spectrum by the various interested parties that want to offer connected services,
Д. като има предвид, че държавите-членки не са приели общ график за преминаване към цифрово радиоразпръскване; като има предвид, че плановете на много държави-членки за преминаване към цифрово радиоразпръскване са достигнали висока степен на развитие, като в няколко държави това преминаване е вече осъществено,
E. whereas the Member States do not have a common timetable for the digital switchover; whereas in many Member States plans for the digital switchover are highly developed, while in a few others the switchover has already taken place,
Е. като има предвид, че Съобщението на Комисията относно общ подход към използването на радиочестотния спектър е неразделна част от пакета за електронните комуникации, приет от Комисията през ноември 2007 г. във връзка с реформата на нормативната уредба за електронните комуникации,
F. whereas the Commission Communication on a common approach to the use of the spectrum is an integral part of the package on electronic communications adopted by the Commission in November 2007 concerning the reform of the regulatory framework for electronic communications,
Ж. като има предвид, че в Европийския съюз (пре)разпределянето на честоти за радиоразпръскване е в ход в много държави-членки, вследствие на което тези честоти са предоставени и по този начин „заключени” за много години напред,
G. whereas in the European Union the (re-)allocation of broadcast frequencies to digital broadcasters is currently under way in many Member States with the consequence of these frequencies being allocated and thereby locked away for many years,
З. като има предвид, че технологическият неутралитет е от ключово значение за насърчаване на оперативната съвместимост и е съществен за по-гъвкава и прозрачна политика за преминаване към цифрово радиоразпръскване с отчитане на обществения интерес,
H . whereas technological neutrality is key to the promotion of interoperability and essential to a more flexible and transparent digital switchover policy for the consideration of the public interest,
И. като има предвид, че Съветът прикани държавите-членки да приключат, доколкото това е възможно, преминаването към цифрово радиоразпръскване до 2012 г.,
I. whereas the Council has called on the Member States, as far as possible, to complete the switchover to digital before 2012,