nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: bête noire Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French bête noire (“(figurative) intolerable person”, literally “black beast”). Pronunciation: /bɛt ˈnwɑː/, /beɪt-/, /bɛt ˈnwɑɹ/ 1. Someone or something that is unbearable and so particularly avoided or disliked; the bane of someone's existence; an object of aversion; an anathema. Example: [A] petticoated politician was [Napoleon] Bonaparte's bête noire, or antipathy, […] Example: No reader can be ignorant that for many years past the bêtes noires of the Whigs and Radicals were what they delighted to call ‘political parsons.’ If the clergyman was a magistrate, he was libelled as a political parson; if he presided at a vestry that levied a church-rate, he was persecuted as a political parson.
Word: hammer and sickle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The symbol was developed by Yevgeny Kamzolkin in 1917, based on antetypes like hammer and pick (symbol of mining). The hammer represents workers, while the sickle represents farmers. Pronunciation: /ˈhæ.mə.rən(d)ˌsɪ.kəl/, /ˈhæm.ɚ‿n̩‿sɪkl̩/ 1. A depiction of a sickle crossed with a hammer, used as a symbol of communism and the Soviet Union. Example: He remembers the [train] journeys fondly—the vast expanses of the Soviet empire rolling by, the glasses of tea served in metal cup holders embossed with the hammer and sickle. 2. Socialism or communism itself. Labels: metonymically
Word: sickle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sikel (also assibilated in sichel), from Old English sicol, siċel, from Proto-West Germanic *sikilu, itself borrowed from Latin sēcula (“sickle”) or sīcīlis (“sickle”). Cognate with Dutch sikkel, German Sichel. Remotely related with English scythe and saw. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪkl̩/ 1. An implement having a semicircular blade and short handle, used for cutting long grass and cereal crops. Example: Coordinate term: scythe Example: Lou's not Times foole, though roſie lips and cheeks VVithin his bending ſickles compaſſe come, Loue alters not with his breefe houres and vveekes, But beares it out euen to the edge of doome: If this be error and vpon me proued, I neuer vvrit, nor no man euer loued. 2. Anything resembling a sickle, especially: 3. Anything resembling a sickle, especially: Labels: poetic Example: Then, ere the silver sickle of that month Became her golden shield, I stole from court With Cyril and with Florian, unperceived.
Word: sickle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sikel (also assibilated in sichel), from Old English sicol, siċel, from Proto-West Germanic *sikilu, itself borrowed from Latin sēcula (“sickle”) or sīcīlis (“sickle”). Cognate with Dutch sikkel, German Sichel. Remotely related with English scythe and saw. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪkl̩/ 1. To cut with a sickle. Labels: rare, transitive Example: Near-synonyms: reap, mow 2. Of red blood cells: to assume an abnormal crescent shape. Labels: intransitive Example: Even the cells of heterozygotes will sickle if the oxygen tension is low enough. 3. To deform (as with a red blood cell) into an abnormal crescent shape, to cause to sickle. Labels: transitive
Word: sickle cell anaemia Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of sickle-cell anemia. Labels: UK, alt-of, alternative, uncountable
Word: permission Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English permision, permission, permissioun, permyssion, from Middle French permission, from Latin permissiō. Equivalent to permit + -ion. Mostly replaced native English leave, from Old English lēaf (“permission”). Pronunciation: /pəˈmɪʃ.ən/, /pəɹˈmɪʃ.ən/, /ˈpər.mɪ.ʃən/, [pɜː-] 1. authorisation; consent (especially formal consent from someone in authority) Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Sire, do I have your permission to execute this traitor? 2. The act of permitting. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Flags or access control lists pertaining to a file that dictate who can access it, and how. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I used the "chmod" command to change the file's permission.
Word: permission Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English permision, permission, permissioun, permyssion, from Middle French permission, from Latin permissiō. Equivalent to permit + -ion. Mostly replaced native English leave, from Old English lēaf (“permission”). Pronunciation: /pəˈmɪʃ.ən/, /pəɹˈmɪʃ.ən/, /ˈpər.mɪ.ʃən/, [pɜː-] 1. To grant or obtain authorization for. Labels: transitive Example: Photographs also must be permissioned and credited, although a corpus of copyright-free images does exist online.
Word: CASE Part of Speech: noun 1. Acronym of computer-aided software engineering. Labels: abbreviation, acronym, alt-of, uncountable 2. Acronym of coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers. Labels: abbreviation, acronym, alt-of
Word: Balinese Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English Bali English -n- Proto-Indo-European *-iskos Proto-Germanic *-iskaz Proto-West Germanic *-iskbor. Late Latin -iscus ▲ Vulgar Latin -iscus Latin -ēnsis Old French -eisbor. Middle English -eys English -ese English Balinese From Bali + -n- + -ese. Pronunciation: /ˈbɑːlɪniːz/ 1. Of or relating to Bali, its inhabitants, or their language or culture. Labels: not-comparable Example: A car is taking us to a traditional Balinese dance at a nearby temple. It is on a cliff top with scenic views of the Indian Ocean and sheathed in what the internet calls a “peaceful ambience.”
Word: Balinese Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Bali English -n- Proto-Indo-European *-iskos Proto-Germanic *-iskaz Proto-West Germanic *-iskbor. Late Latin -iscus ▲ Vulgar Latin -iscus Latin -ēnsis Old French -eisbor. Middle English -eys English -ese English Balinese From Bali + -n- + -ese. Pronunciation: /ˈbɑːlɪniːz/ 1. A native or inhabitant of Bali. Labels: in-plural 2. A long-haired breed of domestic cat with Siamese-style point coloration and sapphire-blue eyes.
Word: Balinese Part of Speech: name Etymology: Etymology tree English Bali English -n- Proto-Indo-European *-iskos Proto-Germanic *-iskaz Proto-West Germanic *-iskbor. Late Latin -iscus ▲ Vulgar Latin -iscus Latin -ēnsis Old French -eisbor. Middle English -eys English -ese English Balinese From Bali + -n- + -ese. Pronunciation: /ˈbɑːlɪniːz/ 1. The language of Bali.
Word: opprobrium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *h₁epi Learned borrowing from Latin opprobrium, obprobrium (“a reproach, a taunt; disgrace, shame; dishonour; scandal”, noun), from opprobrō, obprobrō (“to reproach, upbraid; to taunt”) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). Opprobrō, obprobrō are derived from ob- (prefix meaning ‘towards’) + probrum (“disgrace, shame; abuse, insult”, noun) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forward; toward”) + *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”), in the sense of something brought up to reproach a person). The plural form opprobria is borrowed from Latin opprobria. Cognates * French opprobre * Italian obbrobrio * Portuguese ouprobio (obsolete), opróbrio * Spanish oprobrio (obsolete), oprobio Pronunciation: /əˈpɹəʊ.bɹɪ.əm/, /əˈpɹoʊ.bɹi.əm/, /əˈpɹəʊ.bɹɪ.ə/, /əˈpɹoʊ.bɹi.ə/ 1. A cause, object, or situation of disgrace or shame. Labels: archaic, countable Example: As there are certain malignant diseases which have been denominated the opprobria of medicine, so there are particular maladies of our social condition, which may be considered the opprobria of legislation. Amongst the most inveterate of these are the poor laws. Example: It was not that he was in danger of legal punishment or of beggary: he was in danger only of seeing disclosed to the judgment of his neighbours and the mournful perception of his wife certain facts of his past life which would render him an object of scorn and an opprobrium of the religion with which he had diligently associated himself. 2. Disgrace or bad reputation arising from exceedingly shameful behaviour; ignominy. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Let me add that it is the great deſideratum, by which alone this form of government can be reſcued from the opprobrium under which it has ſo long labored, and be recommended to the eſteem and adoption of mankind. Example: I am content to suffer alone, while my sufferings shall endure: when I die, I am well satisfied that abhorrence and opprobrium should load my memory. 3. Scornful contempt or reproach; (countable) an instance of this. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: […]from that strict rectitude in which I have been accustomed to walk and to view my actions, and which, notwithstanding the unjust opprobrium cast upon me, I find to be an invincible support and shield. Example: Some Johnny with brains produces a hypothesis. Everybody calls him a rotter at first. But he remains calm in the face of opprobrium. 4. Behaviour which is disgraceful or shameful. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable
Word: CMMS Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of computerized maintenance management system. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: instructive Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English instruct Proto-Indo-European *-wós Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder. Latin -īvus Old French -ifbor. Middle English -yf English -ive English instructive From instruct + -ive. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈstɹʌktɪv/ 1. Conveying knowledge, information or instruction. Example: Well, that was an instructive lesson. Example: Some commentators have suggested that the activity represented by WallStreetBets and Trumpism are part of the same populist, anti-elite phenomenon, but if Trumpism in general is instructive at all here, it’s as a reminder that self-described anti-elite movements can, in fact, turn out to be much more complicated than that.
Word: instructive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English instruct Proto-Indo-European *-wós Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder. Latin -īvus Old French -ifbor. Middle English -yf English -ive English instructive From instruct + -ive. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈstɹʌktɪv/ 1. A case in the Finnish and Estonian languages. It expresses the means or the instrument used to perform an action.
Word: itinerant Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Late Latin itinerantem, present active participle of itineror (“travel”), from itiner-. By surface analysis, Latin itiner- + -ant. Pronunciation: /aɪˈtɪnɚənt/ 1. Habitually travelling from place to place. Example: an itinerant preacher or peddler Example: The king's own courts were then itinerant, being kept in the king's palace, and removing with his household in those royal progresses which he continually made.
Word: itinerant Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Late Latin itinerantem, present active participle of itineror (“travel”), from itiner-. By surface analysis, Latin itiner- + -ant. Pronunciation: /aɪˈtɪnɚənt/ 1. One who travels from place to place. 2. A member of the Travelling Community, whether settled or not. Labels: Ireland
Word: assail Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English assailen, from Old French assaillir, assalir, from Late Latin assalīre, from Latin ad (“at, towards”) + salīre (“jump”). See also assault. Pronunciation: /əˈseɪl/ 1. To attack with harsh words or violent force. Labels: figuratively, sometimes, transitive Example: Muggers assailed them as they entered an alley. Example: Our ears were assailed by her joyous efforts on her new saxophone. 2. To overcome or successfully argue against; defeat. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: "Yes," he said, half musing to himself, "I knew it must exist: the one explanation that accounts for everything and cannot be assailed. We have reached the bed-rock of truth at last." Example: We got married immediately after I finished my work […] which should have been the happiest day of my life. […] But, it was not my happiest day. I was assailed by doubts.
Word: archive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-der.? Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ-der.? Ancient Greek ἄρχω (árkhō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā) Ancient Greek -η (-ē) Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρχή (ărkhḗ) Ancient Greek *ἀρχεῖος (*arkheîos) Ancient Greek ἀρχεῖον (arkheîon)bor. Latin archīvumbor. French archives French archivebor. English archive The noun is borrowed from French archive, archif, from Late Latin archīvum, archīum (“archive; room containing an archive; public record office”), from Ancient Greek ἀρχεῖον (arkheîon, “office of a magistrate; public building or office; town hall; (in the plural) archives; public records”), a noun use of the neuter form of *ἀρχεῖος (*arkheîos, “relating to an office”), from ᾰ̓ρχή (ărkhḗ, “beginning, origin; authority, sovereignty”) (from ἄρχω (árkhō, “to begin; to govern, rule”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to fit; to fix; to put together”), or *h₂ergʰ- (“to begin; to command; to rule”)) + -ῐος (-ĭos, suffix meaning ‘of or relating to’ forming adjectives). The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈɑːkaɪv/, /-kɪv/, /ˈɑɹˌkaɪv/, /ˈaːkɑɪv/ 1. Chiefly in the form archives. Example: The chiefeſt of the firſt Precinct vvas Lubeck, vvhere the Archives of their ancient Records, and their prime Chancery is ſtill, […] Example: The preſident accepted the Marquis's ſvvord—he ſtay'd a fevv minutes to ſee it depoſited in the archives of his houſe—and departed. 2. Chiefly in the form archives. Example: His archive of Old High German texts is the most extensive in Britain. Example: [H]e took a particular Journy to Sparta, to ſearch the Archives of that famous Commonvvealth, to underſtand throughly the model of their ancient Government, their Legiſlators, their Kings, and their Ephori, […] 3. Chiefly in the form archives. Labels: broadly Example: peat archive soil archive Example: Even these 100,000-year cycles seem to be subject to still longer fluctuations, but here the historical archive begins to be less reliable. The ice archive, in any case, can no longer help us (ice clearly does not preserve prehistorical temperatures directly, but rather atmospheric isotope signals, which are just as dependable). 4. A collection, a repository. Labels: figuratively Example: [T]heſe curious meddlers in collecting and gathering together on all ſides the errours, imperfections, defaults, and ſolæciſmes (as I may ſo ſay) not of verſes or Poemes, but of other mens lives, make of their memorie a moſt unpleaſant Archive or Regiſter, and uncivile Record, vvhich they ever carie about them. Example: [S]o expert was he, and a living archive in that business: however, his post seems to have vanished with himself.
Word: archive Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-der.? Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ-der.? Ancient Greek ἄρχω (árkhō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā) Ancient Greek -η (-ē) Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρχή (ărkhḗ) Ancient Greek *ἀρχεῖος (*arkheîos) Ancient Greek ἀρχεῖον (arkheîon)bor. Latin archīvumbor. French archives French archivebor. English archive The noun is borrowed from French archive, archif, from Late Latin archīvum, archīum (“archive; room containing an archive; public record office”), from Ancient Greek ἀρχεῖον (arkheîon, “office of a magistrate; public building or office; town hall; (in the plural) archives; public records”), a noun use of the neuter form of *ἀρχεῖος (*arkheîos, “relating to an office”), from ᾰ̓ρχή (ărkhḗ, “beginning, origin; authority, sovereignty”) (from ἄρχω (árkhō, “to begin; to govern, rule”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to fit; to fix; to put together”), or *h₂ergʰ- (“to begin; to command; to rule”)) + -ῐος (-ĭos, suffix meaning ‘of or relating to’ forming adjectives). The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈɑːkaɪv/, /-kɪv/, /ˈɑɹˌkaɪv/, /ˈaːkɑɪv/ 1. To place or store (something, such as a document or record) in an archive (noun sense 1.1). Labels: transitive Example: I was planning on archiving the documents from 2001. Example: The library archives some of its older books. 2. To transfer (less used or obsolete data, files, etc.) to a storage medium for long-term storage. Labels: transitive
Word: cadenza Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Italian cadenza, from Latin cadentia. Doublet of cadence and chance. Pronunciation: /kəˈdɛnzə/, [kʰəˈdɛnzə], /kəˈdɪnzə/, [kʰəˈdɪ̟nzə] 1. A part of a piece of music, such as a concerto, that is very decorative and is played by a single musician. Example: Yes, laugh, as I want to laugh for instance in the concert hall when the orchestra trundles to a stop and the virtuoso at his piano, hunched like a demented vet before the bared teeth of this enormous black beast of sound, lifts up deliquescent hands and prepares to plunge into the cadenza.
Word: cadenza Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Italian cadenza, from Latin cadentia. Doublet of cadence and chance. Pronunciation: /kəˈdɛnzə/, [kʰəˈdɛnzə], /kəˈdɪnzə/, [kʰəˈdɪ̟nzə] 1. To become agitated or excited. Labels: South-Africa, slang
Word: blouse Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1828, from French blouse (“a workman's or peasant's smock”), see that for more. More at blee, fold. Pronunciation: /ˈblaʊ̯z/, /ˈblaʊ̯s/, /ˈblɐʊ̯s/, /ˈblɜʊ̯s/, /ˈblʌʊ̯s/ 1. A shirt, typically loose and reaching from the neck to the waist. Labels: obsolete 2. A shirt for women or girls, particularly a shirt with buttons and often a collar; a dress shirt tailored for women. Example: She came in now, but to the closet; from it she took a simple skirt and blouse. Picking up her underclothing she departed, obviously to dress somewhere else. 3. A loose-fitting uniform jacket. 4. A short garment worn under a sari. Labels: Bangladesh, India
Word: blouse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: 1828, from French blouse (“a workman's or peasant's smock”), see that for more. More at blee, fold. Pronunciation: /ˈblaʊ̯z/, /ˈblaʊ̯s/, /ˈblɐʊ̯s/, /ˈblɜʊ̯s/, /ˈblʌʊ̯s/ 1. To hang a garment in loose folds. 2. To tuck one's pants/trousers (into one's boots). Example: An anonymous black soldier summed up his feelings by declaring, "If I fail to blouse my boots, or [if I] wear an Afro, I get socked. […]" 3. The act of hiding contraband, such as drugs or weapons, in one's rectum.
Word: blouse Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of blouze. Labels: alt-of, alternative 2. Alternative form of blowze. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: concerto Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Italian concerto, deverbal from concertare. Doublet of concert. Pronunciation: /kənˈt͡ʃɛɹtoʊ/ 1. A piece of music for one or more solo instruments and orchestra. Example: And the cello concerto was strikingly different on Sunday: at Weill, the ensemble included two violinists and one violist, cellist, bassist and lutenist, but on Sunday four more violinists, a second violist and a harpsichordist were added to give the ripieno sections of the fast movements a heftier punch than the smaller group delivered.
Word: solo Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin sōlus, probably related to se (“himself”). Pronunciation: /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/, /ˈsoʊl.oʊ/, /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ 1. A piece of music for one performer. 2. A job or performance done by one person alone. 3. A card game similar to whist in which each player plays against the others in turn without a partner 4. A single shot of espresso. 5. An instance of soloing the football.
Word: solo Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin sōlus, probably related to se (“himself”). Pronunciation: /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/, /ˈsoʊl.oʊ/, /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ 1. Without a companion or instructor. Labels: not-comparable Example: Represented by Olney Gleason gallery, she was the subject of a 2025 solo show at the MSU Broad Art Museum in Michigan and recently unveiled a permanent installation at the Princeton University Art Museum. 2. Of, or relating to, a musical solo. Labels: not-comparable Example: I can appreciate that Macca’s band plays faithful to the source material, never putting too obvious a personal spin on the music. It’s sometimes frustrating, especially when the solo part in “Get Back” is screaming for some impromptu finesse, but it’s mostly fair.
Word: solo Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin sōlus, probably related to se (“himself”). Pronunciation: /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/, /ˈsoʊl.oʊ/, /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ 1. Alone, without a companion. Labels: not-comparable Example: Two of us wearing raincoats / Standing solo / In the sun Example: Wake me up before you go-go / 'Cause I'm not plannin' on going solo
Word: solo Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin sōlus, probably related to se (“himself”). Pronunciation: /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/, /ˈsoʊl.oʊ/, /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ 1. To perform a solo. 2. To perform something in the absence of anyone else. 3. To drop the ball and then toe-kick it upward into the hands. 4. To independently perform an action, especially a challenging task. Labels: slang
Word: OTE Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of on target earnings. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 2. Initialism of opportunity to earn. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable
Word: simoleon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Most likely a late-19th-century blend of simon (“dollar”), from simon (“sixpence coin”) (17th-century British slang, perhaps related to simony?), and Napoleon (“French gold coin worth 20 francs, bearing the image of Napoleon III”). Perhaps from New Orleans. The gaming sense may have been chosen for its similarity to Sim. Pronunciation: /sɪˈmoʊliən/ 1. A dollar. Labels: US, slang Example: That'll cost you five simoleons. Example: "T'ought I was lyin' about the money, did ye? Well, you can frisk me if you wanter. Dat's the last simoleon in the treasury. Who's goin' to pay?" 2. A fake, theoretical, or unofficial unit of currency. Example: Simoleons is just a new name for those assets. You carry around a smart card and spend it just like cash. Or else you go shopping in the Metaverse and spend the money online, and the goods show up on your doorstep the next morning. Example: 'Into simoleons, please,' I said. This was the currency used for general trade across the Dream Archipelago. It was the accepted currency within the publishing industry. All my book contracts were drawn up using simoleon amounts and rates, and the literary agent invariably sent me payment in that currency. I was used to it, knew instinctively what it was worth. The simoleon was the old standard currency. It had been in use for centuries when most of the main clearing banks were established on theisland of Muriseay 3. A fake, theoretical, or unofficial unit of currency. Labels: capitalized, sometimes, uncountable Example: The game franchise demands that its participants to simulate the "rat race," earning Simoleons, remodeling their homes, and buying properties.
Word: samoleon Part of Speech: noun 1. Misspelling of simoleon. Labels: alt-of, misspelling
Word: mitigation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French mitigation, from Latin mitigatio. Pronunciation: /mɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən/ 1. A reduction or decrease of something harmful or unpleasant. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Two golden hours, in which the astonishing news of the intended party was revealed to Louisa, with all of its contrivances, expenses, and mitigations, so far as they were elucidated, were given and said to be "done in her honour;"... Example: One possible drought mitigation strategy for Afghanistan is to divert excess water from water-rich river basins to water-scarce river basins in cases where this is technologically, economically and environmentally feasible.
Word: metagenome Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek μετᾰ́ (metắ) Ancient Greek μετᾰ- (metă-)lbor. English meta- English genome English metagenome From meta- + genome. 1. All the genetic material present in an environmental sample, consisting of the genomes of many individual organisms.
Word: edile Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of aedile. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: philology Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English Philologie, from Latin philologia, from Ancient Greek φιλολογίᾱ (philologíā, “love of argument or reasoning, love of learning and literature”). Pronunciation: /fɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/, /fɪˈlɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, /fɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/, /fɪˈlɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ 1. The humanistic study of texts and their languages, especially ancient or classical languages. Labels: US, countable, especially, uncountable Example: Philology and philosophy are treated as reciprocal. They exist on equal footing, and neither functions satisfactorily without the other. Their methods ... are opposite; philology attains to knowledge through induction, whereas philosophy starts from a concept. To formulate his concepts soundly, the philosopher needs an adequate fund of knowledge or data; too many philosophers ... lack a basis in knowledge or tradition Example: […]his early philosophical studies converged with his original love of philology as he pursued the “prehistory” of Kantian critique in Descartes, Galileo, and Copernicus, back to Plato. 2. Historical or comparative linguistics. Labels: Commonwealth, archaic, countable, especially, rare, uncountable 3. Love and study of learning and literature, broadly speaking. Labels: countable, rare, uncountable Example: Indeed Philology properly is Terſe and Polite Learning, melior literatura (married long ſince by Martianus Capella to Mercury) being that Florid skill, containing onely the Roſes of learning, without the prickles thereof in which narrow ſenſe thorny Philoſophy is diſcharged as no part of Philology. But we take it in the larger notion as incluſive of all human liberal Studies and prepoſed to Divinity as the Porch to the Palace.
Word: uppity Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From earlier uppedy, equivalent to up + -ed + -y; compare blackity, biggity, and hippity (and possibly also persnickety, pernickety). First attested around 1880 in Uncle Remus by Joel Chandler Harris to describe Jack Sparrer (Jack Sparrow), who tattled on Br'er Rabbit (see quotations below). Compare uppish. Pronunciation: /ˈʌpəti/ 1. Presumptuous, above oneself, self-important; arrogant, snobbish, haughty. Example: "Hit wuz wunner dese yer uppity little Jack Sparrers, I speck," said the old man; "dey wuz allers bodder'n' longer udder fokes's bizness 2. Exceeding one's station or position, assuming prerogatives to which one is not entitled. Example: And the Yankees are very upset because so many uppity darkies have been killed recently. Example: The Association was openly committed to "restoring the historical balance of power intended by our Founders" between the nobility and the uppity commoners […]
Word: Americana Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃- Proto-Germanic *amalą Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs Proto-Celtic *rīxsbor. Proto-Germanic *rīks Proto-Germanic *Amalarīksder. Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos Proto-Indo-European *tḱóymos Proto-Germanic *haimaz ▲ Proto-Germanic *rīks Proto-Germanic *Haimarīksder.? Italian Amerigoder. New Latin Americalbor. English America English -ana English Americana From America + -ana. Pronunciation: /əˌmɛɹɪˈkænə/, /əˌmɛɹɪˈkɑːnə/, /əˌmɛɹɪˈkeɪnə/ 1. All things peculiar to the culture and people of the United States; anything that is a symbol of American life. Labels: plural, plural-only Example: Today Coke exists as nostalgic brand, harking back to the day when the drink enjoyed its peak iconic stature. Coke now stands for 1950s Americana. Example: The Clovis Limit, her shop in Portobello Road, dealt exclusively in Americana. 2. An amalgam of roots musics formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the American musical ethos; specifically those sounds that are merged from folk, country, blues, rhythm and blues, rock and roll and other external influential styles. Labels: plural, plural-only Example: The music that became Americana crossed racial lines very early, becoming one of the major integrating forces in America. The chapter shows how artists such as Buddy Holly and the Everly Brothers were creating and playing Americana long before we had a name for what they were doing. Example: A quarter-century later, the Band’s music provided a key template for the acts first labeled Americana, including Son Volt, Wilco and Lucinda Williams, as well as for their sonic heirs.
Word: ingress Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin ingressus, from the verb ingredior. Pronunciation: /ˈɪŋɡɹɛs/ 1. The act of entering. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Looking about him while in this state of suspense, Charles Darnay observed that the gate was held by a mixed guard of soldiers and patriots, the latter far outnumbering the former; and that while ingress into the city for peasants’ carts bringing in supplies, and for similar traffic and traffickers, was easy enough, egress, even for the homeliest people, was very difficult. Example: Now could be beheld that change from the handsome to the curious which the features of a wood undergo at the ingress of the winter months. 2. A permission to enter. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: All ingress was prohibited. Example: My fingers clawed futilely at the unyielding portal, while my eyes sought in vain for a duplicate of the button which had given us ingress. And then, from unseen lips, a cruel and mocking peal of laughter rang through the desolate place. 3. A door or other means of entering. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: ingress Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin ingressus, from the verb ingredior. Pronunciation: /ɪŋˈɡɹɛs/ 1. To intrude or insert oneself Labels: intransitive Example: "Were you asleep? Did I disturb you?" he would ask, seeing Fyodor flat on his back on the sofa, and then, ingressing entirely, he would shut the door tightly behind him and sit by Fyodor 's feet Example: When the tub was full I ingressed into the water gently, insinuating my body in a bit at a time, enjoying the sensual pleasure of the extreme heat on the lower part of my body […] 2. To enter (a specified location or area) Labels: US, transitive Example: "We ingressed North Vietnam over Cam Pha on a westerly heading," reported Captain Madden. Example: We were ingressing the target area. 3. To enter into a zodiacal sign Labels: intransitive Example: The middle of March finds " Mars ingressing upon the 16th degree of Capricorn, where the sun has arrived in the nativity of Lord Palmerston," […] 4. To manifest or cause to be manifested in the temporal world; to effect ingression
Word: beamer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *bagmaz? Proto-West Germanic *baum Old English bēam Middle English beem English beam Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English beamer From beam (“balance beam”) + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbiːmə(ɹ)/, /ˈbimɚ/ 1. A gymnast proficient with or specializing in the balance beam. Labels: slang
Word: beamer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From beam (“project, transmit”) + -er (agent noun suffix), or, for the ball, + -er (patient suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈbiːmə(ɹ)/, /ˈbimɚ/ 1. A ball, presumed to have been bowled accidentally, that does not bounce, but reaches the batsman above the waist. 2. A projector. Example: The plan can be projected on to a white board, […] or by using a beamer (data projector). 3. A device that projects or transmits matter, information, or energy. Example: For several days he went about his charge with disgust, trying everything he could to avoid the stench of rotting vegetation and of human feces, which was overpowering even as it all burned under the plasma from his beamer. 4. A big smile. Labels: informal Example: Get your pre-smile working, move toward him, shake hands, glue eyes […] and then launch your beamer, a big, toothy (uppers and lowers showing) grin.
Word: beamer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of BMW + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbiːmə(ɹ)/, /ˈbimɚ/ 1. Alternative letter-case form of Beamer (“BMW”). Labels: alt-of
Word: open outsourcing Part of Speech: noun 1. Crowdsourcing. Labels: uncountable Example: Reporting mobile apps like FixMaVille use an open outsourcing strategy, which means that a citizen can contribute to describe a located situation for further urban services interventions. However, in this case, the interaction between the citizen and the city is limited to a simple report. Example: Nowadays Burel Factory manufactures burel fabrics, with new weavers, carders and dressmakers. The majority of the workers in the factory are from this region and holders of the ancestral knowledge in the production of the burel fabric. The artisans work in partnership with several designers integrated into the project, in an open outsourcing system, producing creative burel products both for home and clothing.
Word: albedo Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *albʰós Proto-Italic *alβos Latin alb(us) Proto-Indo-European *-Hōder. Latin -ēdō Latin albēdōbor. English albedo Borrowed from Latin albēdō (“whiteness”). Pronunciation: /ælˈbi.doʊ/ 1. The fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body, commonly expressed as a percentage. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: For track, painting rails white at weak points that are more prone to buckling (where the 'critical rail temperature' is close to the 'stress free temperature' [...]) increases their albedo and can help slow how quickly they heat up, reducing their temperature by perhaps five degrees or so. 2. The whitish inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits that is a source of pectin, commonly referred to as the pith. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. One of the four major stages of the magnum opus, involving purification of the prima materia. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: pushover Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A deverbal from push over. First use appears c. 1891 in the Galveston Daily News. Pronunciation: /ˈpʊʃəʊvə(ɹ)/ 1. Someone who is easily swayed or influenced to change their mind or comply. Example: I'm a pushover when it comes to buying new kitchen gadgets. Example: “His [Helmut Newton's] women are strong and powerful, definitely not pushovers,” he says. 2. Someone who is easy to push around and to take advantage of; someone who lets themselves be picked on or bullied without defending or standing up for themselves. 3. Something that is easy to do or accomplish; an easy task.
Word: metate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish metate, from a Nahuan language, from Proto-Nahuan *mətla-tl. Pronunciation: /mɛˈtɑːteɪ/ 1. A flat stone with a slightly concave surface, used with another stone (a mano) for grinding maize or other grains. Example: Each evening, when he returned home, he found that María he prepared some new treat, for she was a most ingenious woman, capable of transforming the poorest materials into something delicious, and he grew to love the tortillas she made so patiently, kneeling before the stone metate as she beat the boiled corn into the gray-white mixture she later baked on the flat rocks.
Word: ones' complement Part of Speech: noun 1. The number obtained by subtracting a given n-digit binary number from 2ⁿ-1 (which yields the same result as the logical complement). Example: The ones' complement of 0xAAAA is 0x5555 on a 16-bit machine, and 0xFFFF5555 on a 32-bit machine. 2. The convention by which bit patterns with high bit 0 represent positive numbers from 0 to 2ⁿ⁻¹-1 directly, while bit patterns with high bit 1 represent negative numbers from 0 to -(2ⁿ⁻¹-1), n being the word size of the machine, and the numeric complement of a number is its ones' complement. Example: Computers that use ones' complement arithmetic have two representations for zero, all 0's and all 1's.
Word: two's complement Part of Speech: noun 1. The number obtained by complementing every bit of a given number and adding one. A number and its complement add to 2ⁿ, where n is the word size of the machine. Example: The two's complement of 0xAAAA is 0x5556 on a 16-bit machine, and 0xFFFF5556 on a 32-bit machine. 2. The convention by which bit patterns with high bit 0 represent positive numbers from 0 to 2ⁿ⁻¹-1 directly, while bit patterns with high bit 1 represent negative numbers from −1 to -2ⁿ⁻¹, n being the word size of the machine, and the numeric complement of a number is its two's complement. Example: Nearly all modern computers use two's complement for integer arithmetic.
Word: logical complement Part of Speech: noun 1. The number, obtained by complementing every bit of a given number, which produces all ones when exclusive ored with the given number. Example: The logical complement of 0xAAAA is 0x5555 on a 16-bit machine, and 0xFFFF5555 on a 32-bit machine.
Word: numeric complement Part of Speech: noun 1. The number obtained by changing the numeric sign of a number. This may or may not be the twos complement, depending on the way numbers are stored. Example: The numeric complement of -123 is 123.
Word: signed magnitude Part of Speech: noun 1. The convention by which one bit in the representation of a number indicates the numeric sign, while the rest indicate the magnitude. Example: The IEEE standard for floating point uses signed magnitude for the mantissa.
Word: negative zero Part of Speech: noun 1. A signed magnitude representation of zero in which the sign bit indicates a negative number. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: One must take care in handling negative zero in comparisons.
Word: positive zero Part of Speech: noun 1. A signed magnitude representation of zero in which the sign bit indicates a positive number. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: When not otherwise noted, "zero" will mean "positive zero" here.
Word: sign bit Part of Speech: noun 1. The bit in the representation of a number indicating whether it is negative or positive; applicable to both twos complement and signed magnitude representations.
Word: valentine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Saint Valentine's Day (“day of celebration of romantic love”). Pronunciation: /ˈvaləntaɪn/ 1. An expression of affection, especially romantic affection, usually in the form of greeting card, gift, or message given the object of one's affection, especially on February 14th. Example: Such an extravagant valentine was unexpected. 2. A person to whom a valentine is given or from whom it is received, especially on February 14th. Example: Won't you be my valentine?
Word: electronics Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron)bor. Latin ēlectrum Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icus New Latin ēlectricusbor. English electric Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti Proto-Hellenic *éimi Ancient Greek ἰόν (ión)der. English ion English electron ▲ Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic Old English -as Middle English -es English -s English -ics English electronics From electron + -ics. Pronunciation: /ˌɛl.ɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪks/, /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪks/, /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/ 1. The study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles or by converting the flow of charged particles to or from other forms of energy. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Electronics is a popular subject. 2. Devices which require the flow of electrons through conductors and semiconductors in order to perform their function; devices that operate on electrical power (battery or outlet) Labels: countable, in-plural, uncountable Example: Look at all the electronics in this room! 3. Electronic circuitry. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The electronics is the difference between a modern and an old-fashioned thermostat. Example: The electronics are completely updated.
Word: culinary Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from French culinaire, itself a borrowing from Latin culīnārius, from culīna (“kitchen”). Pronunciation: /ˈkʌlɪn(ə)ɹi/, /ˈkʌlɪˌnɛɹi/, /ˈk(j)ulɪˌnɛɹi/, /ˈkʊlɪˌnɛɹi/ 1. Relating to the practice of cookery or the activity of cooking. Example: Her culinary skills were excellent. Example: Sizzling kebabs, delicious kheer and the ever popular haleem -it's a clear sign that Ramadan sure brings with it a culinary awakening. At the same time, Ramadan is all about discipline and faith. 2. Of or relating to a kitchen.
Word: threads Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /θɹɛdz/, /θɾ̪̊ɛdz/ 1. plural of thread Labels: form-of, plural
Word: threads Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /θɹɛdz/, /θɾ̪̊ɛdz/ 1. Clothes, clothing. Labels: plural, plural-only, slang Example: Mark Zuckerberg is revamping his public image with new threads. With a trio of bold shirts worn in recent appearances, he’s communicating that he came, he saw, he conquered and he will win again at any cost.
Word: threads Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /θɹɛdz/, /θɾ̪̊ɛdz/ 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of thread Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: stad Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Afrikaans and Dutch stad (“city, town”), from Middle Dutch stat, from Old Dutch stad, from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“place”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“standing, position”). Doublet of stead. 1. town, village Labels: South-Africa
Word: leg before wicket Part of Speech: adv 1. Describing the way of getting out in which the ball would have hit the batsman's wicket, but hits the batsman's legs or more rarely another part of the batsman's body without first hitting the bat or a hand holding the bat. Labels: not-comparable
Word: leg before wicket Part of Speech: noun 1. An instance of a batsman being out due to the leg before wicket law. Example: Spinners get the most leg before wickets in all forms.
Word: sundry Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The adjective is derived from Middle English sondri, sondry, syndry (“individually; occasionally; separately; variously”) [and other forms], from Old English syndriġ (“alone, distinct, separate, single; sundry, various; concerning a single person, own, particular, peculiar, private; exceptional, remarkable, set apart, special; (distributive) one each”) [and other forms], from sundor (“differently; privately; separate, separately”) (from Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“alone, isolated; separate”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *senH- (“apart; for oneself; without”)) + -iġ (“suffix forming adjectives”). The English word is analysable as sunder + -y. The noun and pronoun are derived from the adjective. Cognates * Dutch zonderlijk (“separate”) (rare), Dutch afzonderlijk (“separate”) * Low German sunderig (“single; special”) * Middle High German sunderig (“private; separate; special”) * Swedish söndrig (“broken; tattered”) Pronunciation: /ˈsʌnd.ɹi/ 1. A minor miscellaneous item. Labels: in-plural Example: […] I am firmly perſuaded the vvhole pitiful 30 l. came pure and neat into the captain's pocket, and not only ſo, but attended vvith the value of 10 l. more in ſundries, into the bargain. Example: Here she kept her scarlet cloak, her Sunday shoes, her best cap and apron, and her steeple-crowned hat; but down at the very bottom, underneath her new checked petticoat, she found a little bag of sundries, which might serve her purpose, and which she sat down to examine at her leisure. 2. A minor miscellaneous item. Labels: in-plural Example: […] Mr. Alexander Trott sat down to a fried sole, maintenon cutlet, Madeira, and sundries, with much greater composure than he had experienced since the receipt of Horace Hunter's letter of defiance. Example: It happened that about this time, Mr. Giles, Brittles, and the tinker were recruiting themselves after the fatigues and terrors of the night, with tea and sundries in the kitchen. 3. Synonym of extra (“a run scored without the ball having hit the striker's bat”). Labels: Australia, in-plural Example: The wicketkeeper for Williamstown had a bad day, as sundries topped the score with 30. Example: In the modern era I sometimes feel the emphasis has erroneously shifted towards placing unwarranted importance on how few sundries are recorded.
Word: sundry Part of Speech: pron Etymology: The adjective is derived from Middle English sondri, sondry, syndry (“individually; occasionally; separately; variously”) [and other forms], from Old English syndriġ (“alone, distinct, separate, single; sundry, various; concerning a single person, own, particular, peculiar, private; exceptional, remarkable, set apart, special; (distributive) one each”) [and other forms], from sundor (“differently; privately; separate, separately”) (from Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“alone, isolated; separate”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *senH- (“apart; for oneself; without”)) + -iġ (“suffix forming adjectives”). The English word is analysable as sunder + -y. The noun and pronoun are derived from the adjective. Cognates * Dutch zonderlijk (“separate”) (rare), Dutch afzonderlijk (“separate”) * Low German sunderig (“single; special”) * Middle High German sunderig (“private; separate; special”) * Swedish söndrig (“broken; tattered”) Pronunciation: /ˈsʌnd.ɹi/ 1. Various people or things; several. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, in-plural, plural Example: The not underſtanding of which has made ſundry in vain attempt to predict events foretold, in the Apocalypſe to the accurateneſs of a Prophetical Day, […] Example: To be the bride of Christ was the thought that filled her heart; and when, at the fencing of the tables Doctor Chrystal preached from Matthew nine and fifteen, "Can the children of the bride-chamber mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them?" it was remarked by sundry that Ailie's face was liker the countenance of an angel than of a mortal lass.
Word: sundry Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English sondri, sondry, syndri (“individually; now and then, occasionally; physically apart, separately; variously”) [and other forms], from Old English syndrige [and other forms], from Old English syndriġ (adjective): see further at etymology 1. Cognates * Old High German suntarīgo Pronunciation: /ˈsʌndɹi/, /ˈsɪndɹɪ/, /ˈsʌn-/ 1. Synonym of asunder (“into separate parts or pieces”). Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, in-plural Example: [O]ur joynts have almost been pulled sundry, with driving in hackney coaches throu all corners, amongst our great men, for some weeks; […] 2. Placed separately; apart. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, archaic, in-plural Example: [T]he church of Epheſus, or, of any certain place, includeth all the profeſſors living there; they are accounted of that church, and no other, as providence hath put them together: and the churches are divided as they live ſundry. 3. Individually, separately; sundrily. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, in-plural, obsolete Example: Theſe three in theſe three rovvmes did ſondry dvvell, / And counſelled faire Alma, hovv to gouerne vvell.
Word: all and sundry Part of Speech: pron 1. All; everyone. Labels: collective Example: All and sundry are being driven into the wintry cold. Example: And decerns and declares all and sundry, who either gainsay the word of the evangel [...] to be no members of the said kirk within this realm, and true religion presently professed, so long as they keep themselves so divided from the society of Christ's body. 2. Each one.
Word: refrigerate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From participle stem of Latin refrigerō (“to make cold”), from re- + frigerō. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəɹeɪt/ 1. To make (someone or something) cool; to cool down. Labels: broadly, obsolete, transitive Example: Lo here hath euery fayth[f]ull man a ſure promiſe, yͭ in the feruent heate of tentacion or tribulacion […] God gyueth the faythful man yͭ hopeth in him, yͭ ſhadow of hys holy ſhoulders, which are brode ⁊ large, ſufficient to refrigerate ⁊ refreſhe the man in that heate, and in euerye trybulacion he putteth hys ſhoulders for a defence betwene. Example: [T]he other [artery] goes to the lungs, to fetch air to refrigerate the heart. 2. To keep (something) cool by containing within a refrigerator. Labels: specifically, transitive Example: Please refrigerate your uncooked meats at or below 40° Fahrenheit.