nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: Monday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Monday, Monenday, from Old English mōnandæġ (“day of the moon”), from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Lūnae, equivalent to Moon + day. See also Japanese 月曜日 (“Moon's day”). Cognates Compare Scots Monanday (“Monday”), Yola Mondei (“Monday”), Saterland Frisian Moundai (“Monday”), West Frisian moandei (“Monday”), Alemannic German meintog, miantag, méntag, mìntàg, mäntag, Määntig (“Monday”), Bavarian Monda, Mondåg, montach, monti (“Monday”), Cimbrian matak, menta, méentag (“Monday”), Dutch maandag (“Monday”), German Montag (“Monday”), German Low German Maandag (“Monday”), Luxembourgish Méindeg (“Monday”), Mòcheno ma'ta (“Monday”), Pennsylvania German Mundaag, Muundaag (“Monday”), Vilamovian möntaog (“Monday”), West Flemish moandag (“Monday”), Yiddish מאָנטיק (montik, “Monday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål mandag (“Monday”), Faroese mánadagur (“Monday”), Icelandic mánudagur (“Monday”), Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish måndag (“Monday”), Finnish maanantai (“Monday”). Pronunciation: /ˈmʌn.deɪ/, /ˈmʌn.di/, /ˈmʊn.deɪ/, /ˈmʊn.də/ 1. The second day of the week in many religious traditions, and the first day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm. It follows Sunday and precedes Tuesday. Example: Mr. Whymper, a solicitor living in Willingdon, […] would visit the farm every Monday morning to receive his instructions. Example: An LMPD Board Notice of Hearing states part of Cosgrove’s hearings took place in November. The second half of his hearing is set to begin Monday and end Wednesday.
Word: Monday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Monday, Monenday, from Old English mōnandæġ (“day of the moon”), from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Lūnae, equivalent to Moon + day. See also Japanese 月曜日 (“Moon's day”). Cognates Compare Scots Monanday (“Monday”), Yola Mondei (“Monday”), Saterland Frisian Moundai (“Monday”), West Frisian moandei (“Monday”), Alemannic German meintog, miantag, méntag, mìntàg, mäntag, Määntig (“Monday”), Bavarian Monda, Mondåg, montach, monti (“Monday”), Cimbrian matak, menta, méentag (“Monday”), Dutch maandag (“Monday”), German Montag (“Monday”), German Low German Maandag (“Monday”), Luxembourgish Méindeg (“Monday”), Mòcheno ma'ta (“Monday”), Pennsylvania German Mundaag, Muundaag (“Monday”), Vilamovian möntaog (“Monday”), West Flemish moandag (“Monday”), Yiddish מאָנטיק (montik, “Monday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål mandag (“Monday”), Faroese mánadagur (“Monday”), Icelandic mánudagur (“Monday”), Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish måndag (“Monday”), Finnish maanantai (“Monday”). Pronunciation: /ˈmʌn.deɪ/, /ˈmʌn.di/, /ˈmʊn.deɪ/, /ˈmʊn.də/ 1. On Monday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable Example: We've worked out the schedule for Easter week: we'll be shopping Monday.
Word: Tuesday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Tewesday, from Old English tīwesdæġ (“Tuesday”), from Proto-West Germanic *Tīwas dag (“Tuesday”, literally “Tiw's Day”). This was a Germanic interpretation of Latin diēs Mārtis, itself a translation of Ancient Greek Ἄρεως ἡμέρα (Áreōs hēméra) (interpretatio romana). Cognate with Scots Tysday (“Tuesday”), Saterland Frisian Täisdai (“Tuesday”), West Frisian tiisdei (“Tuesday”), dialectal German Ziestag (“Tuesday”), Danish tirsdag (“Tuesday”), Swedish tisdag (“Tuesday”), Finnish tiistai (“Tuesday”). More at Tyr, day. Pronunciation: /ˈtjuːz.deɪ/, /ˈtjuːzdi/, /ˈt͡ʃuːzdeɪ/, /ˈt͡ʃuːzdi/, /ˈtjuːzdə/ 1. The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday. Example: An anti-Mao force has occupied many rural districts around Tengchung in west Yunnan and is directing peasants there to revolt against Mao Tse-tung, intelligence sources here reported Tuesday. Example: Alaska DOT crews returned to Igiugig on Tuesday to repair the lights, which are now back in service, Dapcevich said.
Word: Tuesday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Tewesday, from Old English tīwesdæġ (“Tuesday”), from Proto-West Germanic *Tīwas dag (“Tuesday”, literally “Tiw's Day”). This was a Germanic interpretation of Latin diēs Mārtis, itself a translation of Ancient Greek Ἄρεως ἡμέρα (Áreōs hēméra) (interpretatio romana). Cognate with Scots Tysday (“Tuesday”), Saterland Frisian Täisdai (“Tuesday”), West Frisian tiisdei (“Tuesday”), dialectal German Ziestag (“Tuesday”), Danish tirsdag (“Tuesday”), Swedish tisdag (“Tuesday”), Finnish tiistai (“Tuesday”). More at Tyr, day. Pronunciation: /ˈtjuːz.deɪ/, /ˈtjuːzdi/, /ˈt͡ʃuːzdeɪ/, /ˈt͡ʃuːzdi/, /ˈtjuːzdə/ 1. On Tuesday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable
Word: Wednesday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Wednesday, from unattested Old English *wēdnesdæġ (“Wednesday”), synchronically an i-mutated form of attested wōdnesdæġ (itself from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag, its reflex Middle English Wodnesdei falling into disuse), from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdinas dag also attested in Old Frisian wednesdei and Middle Dutch wenesdach. In any case, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”) and Koine Ancient Greek ἡμέρα (hēméra, “day”) Ἑρμοῦ (Hermoû, “of Hermes”), via an association of the god Odin (“Woden”) with Mercury and Hermes. See also Japanese 水曜日 (“Mercury's day”). Cognates Cognate with Scots Wadensday (“Wednesday”), Yola Wennesdei (“Wednesday”), West Frisian woansdei (“Wednesday”), Afrikaans Woensdag (“Wednesday”), Central Franconian Jodesdaach (“Wednesday”), Dutch, West Flemish woensdag (“Wednesday”), Dutch Low Saxon woensdag, woonsdag, wonsdag (“Wednesday”), German Wodenstag, Wotanstag (“Wednesday”), Low German Goonsdag, Woonsdag (“Wednesday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish onsdag (“Wednesday”), Faroese ónsdagur (“Wednesday”), Icelandic óðinsdagur (“Wednesday”). Pronunciation: /ˈwɛnz.deɪ/, /ˈwɛnz.di/, /ˈwɛdn̩z.deɪ/, /ˈwɛdⁿnz.deɪ/, /ˈwɛdⁿnz.də/ 1. The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday. Example: US District Judge James Boasberg ruled Wednesday that “probable cause exists” to hold Trump administration officials in criminal contempt for violating his orders in mid-March halting the use of the Alien Enemies Act to deport alleged Venezuelan gang members.
Word: Wednesday Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Middle English Wednesday, from unattested Old English *wēdnesdæġ (“Wednesday”), synchronically an i-mutated form of attested wōdnesdæġ (itself from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag, its reflex Middle English Wodnesdei falling into disuse), from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdinas dag also attested in Old Frisian wednesdei and Middle Dutch wenesdach. In any case, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”) and Koine Ancient Greek ἡμέρα (hēméra, “day”) Ἑρμοῦ (Hermoû, “of Hermes”), via an association of the god Odin (“Woden”) with Mercury and Hermes. See also Japanese 水曜日 (“Mercury's day”). Cognates Cognate with Scots Wadensday (“Wednesday”), Yola Wennesdei (“Wednesday”), West Frisian woansdei (“Wednesday”), Afrikaans Woensdag (“Wednesday”), Central Franconian Jodesdaach (“Wednesday”), Dutch, West Flemish woensdag (“Wednesday”), Dutch Low Saxon woensdag, woonsdag, wonsdag (“Wednesday”), German Wodenstag, Wotanstag (“Wednesday”), Low German Goonsdag, Woonsdag (“Wednesday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish onsdag (“Wednesday”), Faroese ónsdagur (“Wednesday”), Icelandic óðinsdagur (“Wednesday”). Pronunciation: /ˈwɛnz.deɪ/, /ˈwɛnz.di/, /ˈwɛdn̩z.deɪ/, /ˈwɛdⁿnz.deɪ/, /ˈwɛdⁿnz.də/ 1. Nickname for Sheffield Wednesday of the Football League. Labels: UK
Word: Wednesday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Wednesday, from unattested Old English *wēdnesdæġ (“Wednesday”), synchronically an i-mutated form of attested wōdnesdæġ (itself from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag, its reflex Middle English Wodnesdei falling into disuse), from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdinas dag also attested in Old Frisian wednesdei and Middle Dutch wenesdach. In any case, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”) and Koine Ancient Greek ἡμέρα (hēméra, “day”) Ἑρμοῦ (Hermoû, “of Hermes”), via an association of the god Odin (“Woden”) with Mercury and Hermes. See also Japanese 水曜日 (“Mercury's day”). Cognates Cognate with Scots Wadensday (“Wednesday”), Yola Wennesdei (“Wednesday”), West Frisian woansdei (“Wednesday”), Afrikaans Woensdag (“Wednesday”), Central Franconian Jodesdaach (“Wednesday”), Dutch, West Flemish woensdag (“Wednesday”), Dutch Low Saxon woensdag, woonsdag, wonsdag (“Wednesday”), German Wodenstag, Wotanstag (“Wednesday”), Low German Goonsdag, Woonsdag (“Wednesday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish onsdag (“Wednesday”), Faroese ónsdagur (“Wednesday”), Icelandic óðinsdagur (“Wednesday”). Pronunciation: /ˈwɛnz.deɪ/, /ˈwɛnz.di/, /ˈwɛdn̩z.deɪ/, /ˈwɛdⁿnz.deɪ/, /ˈwɛdⁿnz.də/ 1. On Wednesday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable
Word: Thursday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Thursday, Thuresday, from Old English þursdæġ, þuresdæġ (“Thursday”), possibly from a contraction of þunresdæġ (“Thursday”, literally “Thor's day”), or of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse þórsdagr; all from Proto-West Germanic *Þunras dag (“day of the thunder god”). Compare West Frisian tongersdei, German Low German Dunnersdag, Dutch donderdag, German Donnerstag, Danish torsdag. More at thunder, day. A calque of Latin diēs Iovis (diēs Jovis), via an association (interpretātiō germānica) of the god Thor with the Roman god of thunder Jove (Jupiter). Pronunciation: /ˈθɜːz.deɪ/, /-.di/, /ˈθɔːz.də/, /ˈθɝz.deɪ/, /ˈθɘːz.dæɪ̯/ 1. The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday. Example: Cap[ulet]. […] If vve ſhould reuell much, therefore vve vvill haue / Some halfe a dozen frends and make no more adoe. / But vvhat ſay you to Thurſday. / Par[is]. My Lorde I vviſhe that Thurſday vvere to morrovv. Example: But for satisfaction pure and deep, for balance in pleasure and comfort, Thursday canʼt be beat.
Word: Thursday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Thursday, Thuresday, from Old English þursdæġ, þuresdæġ (“Thursday”), possibly from a contraction of þunresdæġ (“Thursday”, literally “Thor's day”), or of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse þórsdagr; all from Proto-West Germanic *Þunras dag (“day of the thunder god”). Compare West Frisian tongersdei, German Low German Dunnersdag, Dutch donderdag, German Donnerstag, Danish torsdag. More at thunder, day. A calque of Latin diēs Iovis (diēs Jovis), via an association (interpretātiō germānica) of the god Thor with the Roman god of thunder Jove (Jupiter). Pronunciation: /ˈθɜːz.deɪ/, /-.di/, /ˈθɔːz.də/, /ˈθɝz.deɪ/, /ˈθɘːz.dæɪ̯/ 1. On Thursday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable
Word: Friday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Friday, from Old English frīġedæġ. Compound of Frīġ and dæġ (“day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag, a calque of Latin diēs Veneris, via an association (interpretātiō germānica) of the goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess of love Venus. See also friend. Compare West Frisian freed, German Low German Freedag, Friedag, Dutch vrijdag, German Freitag, Danish fredag. Old Norse Frigg (genitive Friggjar), Old Saxon Fri, and Old English Frīġ are derived from Proto-Germanic *Frijjō. Frigg is cognate with Sanskrit प्रिया (priyā́, “wife”). The root also appears in Old Saxon fri (“beloved lady”); in Swedish fria, in Danish and Norwegian as fri (“to propose for marriage”); a related meaning exists in Icelandic as frjá (“to love”) and similarly in Dutch vrijen (“to make love (to have sex)”). Compare Japanese 金曜日. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹaɪ.deɪ/, /-.di/, /ˈfɹaɪ.də/ 1. The sixth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fifth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Muslim Sabbath; it follows Thursday and precedes Saturday. Example: For a micromoon and Friday the 13th full moon to occur together is extraordinarily rare. The last time it happened was in 1832 and it won't happen again for more than 500 years according to Tony Rice, a meteorologist and engineer at NASA. Example: Their mindset is the grindset, and they love the grind. I used to have a sales manager who didn't think this way. On Fridays, he'd always say, “Happy Friday.” A lot of people feel that way, but I never liked that phrase because it[…] 2. The last workday in a work schedule that is not Monday through Friday. Labels: colloquial Example: Tomorrow's Thursday, but I have Friday and Saturday off, so really it's my Friday.
Word: Friday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Friday, from Old English frīġedæġ. Compound of Frīġ and dæġ (“day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag, a calque of Latin diēs Veneris, via an association (interpretātiō germānica) of the goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess of love Venus. See also friend. Compare West Frisian freed, German Low German Freedag, Friedag, Dutch vrijdag, German Freitag, Danish fredag. Old Norse Frigg (genitive Friggjar), Old Saxon Fri, and Old English Frīġ are derived from Proto-Germanic *Frijjō. Frigg is cognate with Sanskrit प्रिया (priyā́, “wife”). The root also appears in Old Saxon fri (“beloved lady”); in Swedish fria, in Danish and Norwegian as fri (“to propose for marriage”); a related meaning exists in Icelandic as frjá (“to love”) and similarly in Dutch vrijen (“to make love (to have sex)”). Compare Japanese 金曜日. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹaɪ.deɪ/, /-.di/, /ˈfɹaɪ.də/ 1. On Friday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable
Word: Saturday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Saterday, from Old English sæterdæġ, earlier sæternesdæġ (“Saterday”, literally “Saturn's day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Sāturnas dag; a translation of Latin diēs Saturnī, equivalent to Saturn + day. Compare West Frisian saterdei (“Saturday”), Dutch zaterdag (“Saturday”), German Low German Saterdag (“Saturday”). Pronunciation: /ˈsæt.ə.deɪ/, /ˈsæt.ə.di/, /ˈsæt.ə.də/, /ˈsæt.ɚ.deɪ/, [ˈsæɾ.ɚ.deɪ̯] 1. The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Jewish Sabbath; it follows Friday and precedes Sunday. Example: The Beijing-based firm — one of four funds created by the Chinese government in 1999 to process the bad loans of state-owned banks — announced Saturday that it would send a group of 50 experts to the province to help it “prevent and defuse risks” and “bail out” the real estate industry. Example: Saturday’s tariffs are unlikely to be Trump’s last. The president said himself said in the Oval Office that additional tariffs could come by mid-February on chips, pharmaceuticals, steel, aluminum, copper, oil and gas imports – along with tariffs on the European Union – all threats that few would discount given his willingness to follow through on the North American and China tariffs on Saturday.
Word: Saturday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Saterday, from Old English sæterdæġ, earlier sæternesdæġ (“Saterday”, literally “Saturn's day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Sāturnas dag; a translation of Latin diēs Saturnī, equivalent to Saturn + day. Compare West Frisian saterdei (“Saturday”), Dutch zaterdag (“Saturday”), German Low German Saterdag (“Saturday”). Pronunciation: /ˈsæt.ə.deɪ/, /ˈsæt.ə.di/, /ˈsæt.ə.də/, /ˈsæt.ɚ.deɪ/, [ˈsæɾ.ɚ.deɪ̯] 1. On Saturday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable
Word: Saturday Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English Saterday, from Old English sæterdæġ, earlier sæternesdæġ (“Saterday”, literally “Saturn's day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Sāturnas dag; a translation of Latin diēs Saturnī, equivalent to Saturn + day. Compare West Frisian saterdei (“Saturday”), Dutch zaterdag (“Saturday”), German Low German Saterdag (“Saturday”). Pronunciation: /ˈsæt.ə.deɪ/, /ˈsæt.ə.di/, /ˈsæt.ə.də/, /ˈsæt.ɚ.deɪ/, [ˈsæɾ.ɚ.deɪ̯] 1. To spend Saturday (at a place or doing an activity). Labels: uncommon Example: Mr. Angus Hibbard, of New York, Fridayed and Saturdayed in Chicago, for the show and banquet.
Word: Sunday Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Sunnōn dag (literally “day of the Sun”), equivalent to sun + day, as a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E. Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag. Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.deɪ/, /ˈsʌn.di/, /ˈsʊn.deɪ/, /ˈsʊn.də/ 1. The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday. Example: Every day is like Sunday / Every day is silent and grey Example: And after missing a simple header in the first half, the Manchester United striker ensured England topped Group D to set up a quarter-final meeting with Italy in Kiev on Sunday. 2. A newspaper published on Sunday. Labels: informal Example: I gave him the switchboard with my love, went down to the Savoy for breakfast and read the Sundays. 3. A comic strip published in a Sunday newspaper. Labels: informal Example: It just wasn't his thing, although he did beautiful Sundays for however long he did them. So as soon as he could, he hired someone to do the Sundays. Karen and I would do some dailies, but we were the Sunday artists. 4. Describes someone who does something occasionally or casually, and therefore without skill. Labels: attributive, informal Example: Your face is the color of a Sunday swimmer who swallowed half the pool. Example: My limbs felt hollow, empty. Empty, empty, empty. A Sunday cyclist on a casual ride could have passed me. 5. Describes something particularly fine and elegant, particularly something that could be worn to or used at church. Labels: attributive, informal Example: His father replies with a special tone of voice (his 'Sunday voice', which he also used for reading fairy tales): 'That is about the tragedy of human beings!' Example: It landed on the wire mesh in front of me, thrust its thin, monkey-arm through the wire, seized my Sunday hat, blue satin ribbons, rosettes and all, and squealing in triumph made off with it, leaping and bounding, to the top of the monkey-tree.
Word: Sunday Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Sunnōn dag (literally “day of the Sun”), equivalent to sun + day, as a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E. Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag. Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.deɪ/, /ˈsʌn.di/, /ˈsʊn.deɪ/, /ˈsʊn.də/ 1. To spend Sunday (at a certain place, with a certain person or people, etc.). Labels: informal, intransitive Example: I waded through accounts of new calves and colts, new fences and barns, who “Sundayed” with his brother, etc., and soon had a list of all the cases in that part of the country. Example: The dogs and I were Sundaying on the garden lawn.
Word: Sunday Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Sunnōn dag (literally “day of the Sun”), equivalent to sun + day, as a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E. Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag. Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.deɪ/, /ˈsʌn.di/, /ˈsʊn.deɪ/, /ˈsʊn.də/ 1. On Sunday. Labels: Canada, US, informal, not-comparable
Word: lexicography Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-der. Proto-Indo-European *léǵ-e-ti Proto-Hellenic *légō Ancient Greek λέγω (légō) Proto-Indo-European *-tis Ancient Greek -τις (-tis) Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs) Ancient Greek λέξῐς (léxĭs) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós) Ancient Greek λεξῐκός (lexĭkós) English lexico- Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- Proto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō Ancient Greek γρᾰ́φω (grắphō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā) Ancient Greek -η (-ē) Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) Ancient Greek -γραφίᾱ (-graphíā)bor. French -graphieder. English -graphy English lexicography From lexico- (prefix meaning ‘speech; words’) + -graphy (suffix meaning ‘something written about a specified subject’). Pronunciation: /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfi/, /ˌlɛksɪˈkɑɡɹəfi/, /-sə-/ 1. The art or craft of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries. Labels: uncountable Example: [T]here are ſeveral Species of Writing, in which a proper Degree of Hebetude is abſolutely neceſſary, as well as in other profeſſions; such as Lexicography, Index-making, and the like; [...] Example: And ſuch is the fate of hapleſs lexicography, that not only darkneſs, but light, impedes and diſtreſſes it; things may be not only too little, but too much known, to be happily illuſtrated. 2. The scholarly discipline of analysing and describing the semantic, syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships within the lexicon (vocabulary) of a language and developing theories of dictionary components and structures linking the data in dictionaries. Labels: uncountable Example: But changes of this nature belong to lexicography, as they do not affect the grammatical forms of words. Example: What the history of language in general teaches, that in course of time, there is less change in form than signification, in grammar than lexicography, is true of the Greek. 3. A dictionary, a lexicon, a wordbook. Labels: countable Example: There can be no doubt, that in a general sense a boat is a vessel, for it is "a vehicle in which men or goods are carried on the water," which is one of the definitions of a vessel given in our lexicographies; [...] Example: "Air put in motion" is the brief description of the wind in lexicographies; but what a contrast in quality according to its direction; [...]
Word: antonym Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French antonyme (1840s and 1850s), which was modeled on earlier synonyme and influenced by the etymons of Ancient Greek ἀντωνυμία (antōnumía, “pronoun”); credit for popularization of the French loanword's naturalization into English is given principally to Charles John Smith and his 1867 book Synonyms and Antonyms: Or, Kindred Words and Their Opposites. Collected and Contrasted. By surface analysis, ant- + -onym. Pronunciation: /ˈæn.təˌnɪm/ 1. A word which has the opposite meaning of another word. Example: “Rich” is an antonym of “poor”; “full” is an antonym of “empty”. 2. A word which has the opposite meaning of another word. Example: All four lines of the pattern are required to establish that hot and cold are antonyms. The water is hot entails The water is not cold. The water is cold entails The water is not hot. The water is not hot does not entail The water is cold. The water is not cold does not entail The water is hot. Example: "The word 'boom' always makes me uneasy because the antonym of it is bust," said Patrick Jankowski, vice president of research at the Greater Houston Partnership. "Houston is not in a boom -- it is on a new path."
Word: connotation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin connotātiō, from connotō (“to mark in addition”), from Latin con- (“together, with”) + notō (“to note”); equivalent to connote + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃən/, /ˌkɑnəˈteɪʃən/, /ˌkɔnəˈtæɪʃən/, /ˌkɒnəˈtæɪʃən/ 1. A meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal meaning. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in. Example: The word "advisedly" has a connotation of "wisely", although it denotes merely "intentionally" and "deliberately." Example: The word "happy" has a positive connotation, while "sad" has a negative connotation. 2. The attribute or aggregate of attributes connoted by a term, contrasted with denotation. Example: The two expressions "the morning star" and "the evening star" have different connotations but the same denotation (i.e. the planet Venus).
Word: denotation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Late Latin dēnotātiō, from Latin dēnotāre (“to denote, mark out”) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns of action), from dē- (“completely”) + notāre (“to mark”); equivalent to denote + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌdiː.noʊˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of denoting, or something (such as a symbol) that denotes Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The primary, surface, literal, or explicit meaning of a signifier such as a word, phrase, or symbol; that which a word denotes, as contrasted with its connotation; the aggregate or set of objects of which a word may be predicated. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The denotations of the two expressions "the morning star" and "the evening star" are the same (i.e. both expressions denote the planet Venus), but their connotations are different. Example: Regarding denotation, the terms were generally used to refer to a wide range of language contact varieties and features. 3. The intension and extension of a word Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Something signified or referred to; a particular meaning of a symbol Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Any mathematical object which describes the meanings of expressions from the languages, formalized in the theory of denotational semantics Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A first level of analysis: what the audience can visually see on a page. Denotation often refers to something literal, and avoids being a metaphor. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: synonym Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sinonyme, from Latin synōnymum, from Ancient Greek συνώνυμον (sunṓnumon), neuter singular form of συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “synonymous”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”). By surface analysis, syn- + -onym. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪn.əˌnɪm/, /ˈsɪn.ə.nɪm/, /sɪˈnɔ.nɪm/ 1. A term (word or phrase) which is synonymous with others. Example: Near-synonyms: near-synonym, parasynonym, plesionym Example: “Happy” is a synonym of “glad”. 2. Any of the various names that could in theory be used for a taxon in accordance with the relevant rules. Labels: informal 3. Any of the various names that could in theory be used for a taxon in accordance with the relevant rules. Labels: broadly 4. An alternative (often shorter) name defined for an object in a database. Example: Synonyms are part of the SQL standard and are used frequently by Oracle DBAs. Note that Oracle includes both private and public synonyms.
Word: synonym Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sinonyme, from Latin synōnymum, from Ancient Greek συνώνυμον (sunṓnumon), neuter singular form of συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “synonymous”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”). By surface analysis, syn- + -onym. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪn.əˌnɪm/, /ˈsɪn.ə.nɪm/, /sɪˈnɔ.nɪm/ 1. To make synonymous. Labels: transitive Example: The fair fame of this good Knight has suffered greatly from the levity of his critics, and still more from the chattering of nugators, blatterones, sermocinators, and other superficial dignitaries; insomuch that his very name is synonymed with that of a liar. Example: […] if that properly belongs to the Saltatorii section, which Fabricius seems to believe by his synonyming it with his C. Viminalis […]
Word: dialect Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek διάλεκτος (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country or a place or a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from διαλέγομαι (dialégomai, “to participate in a dialogue”), from διά (diá, “inter, through”) + λέγω (légō, “to speak”); by surface analysis, dia- + -lect. Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ.əˌlɛkt/, /ˈdɑe.əˌlekt/, [ˈdɑe̯.əˌlekt] 1. A lect (often a regional or minority language) as part of a group or family of languages, especially if they are viewed as a single language, or if contrasted with a standardized idiom that is considered the 'true' form of the language (for example, Bavarian as contrasted with Standard German). Labels: strict-sense Example: The question could be put: 'Is there anything inherent in a dialect which gives it a negative stigma or is it that the status of the majority of the speakers is transferred to the dialect?' — something that occurs in many regions in different countries. Example: Comparative wordlists of two dialects of Yoruba with Igala. 2. A variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular area, community, or social group, differing from other varieties of the same language in relatively minor ways as regards grammar, phonology, and lexicon. Labels: broadly Example: And in addition, many dialects of English make no morphological distinction between Adjectives and Adverbs, and thus use Adjectives in contexts where the standard language requires -ly Adverbs 3. Language that is perceived as substandard or wrong. Labels: derogatory Example: Well, those children don't speak dialect, not in this school. Maybe in the public schools, but not here. Example: […] on the second day, Miss Anderson gave the school a lecture on why it was wrong to speak dialect. She had ended by saying "Respectable people don't speak dialect." 4. A language existing only in an oral or non-standardized form, especially a language spoken in a developing country or an isolated region. Labels: colloquial, offensive 5. A variant of a non-standardized programming language. Example: Home computers in the 1980s had many incompatible dialects of BASIC. 6. A variant form of the vocalizations of a bird species restricted to a certain area or population. Example: A curious question, which has as yet attracted but little attention, is whether the notes of the same species of Bird are in all countries alike. From my own observation I am inclined to think that they are not, and that there exist "dialects," so to speak, of the song.
Word: hyponym Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From hyp- + -onym or hypo- + -nym; from Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó, “under”) + ὄνυμα (ónuma) ("appellation"), a Doric specific dialectal form of ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪpəʊ.nɪm/, /ˈhaɪpə.nɪm/, /ˈhaɪ.poʊ.nɪm/ 1. A more specific term; a subordinate grouping word or phrase; a term designating a subclass of another more general class described by the given word. Example: The words “dog”, “cat”, and “horse” are hyponyms of “animal” because dogs, cats, and horses are types of animal. Example: Woman itself has as other hyponyms, sculptress and waitress, but is itself a hyponym of adult.
Word: semantics Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French sémantique, displacing earlier semasiology. From Ancient Greek σημαντικός (sēmantikós). By surface analysis, semantic + -ics. Pronunciation: /sɪˈmæntɪks/ 1. A branch of linguistics studying the meaning of words. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Holonym: linguistics Example: Meronyms: semasiology, onomasiology 2. The study of the relationship between words and their meanings. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In fact, nowadays a lot is known about the semantics of natural languages, and it is surprisingly easy to build semantic representations which partially capture the meaning of sentences or even entire discourses. 3. The meaning or set of meanings of a linguistic element, such as a word, morpheme or utterance. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In very ancient or poorly documented languages, the precise semantics of words tend to be uncertain. 4. The meaning or set of meanings of a linguistic element, such as a word, morpheme or utterance. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The semantics of the terms used are debatable. 5. The meaning of computer language constructs, in contrast to their form or syntax. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: file sharing and locking semantics 6. Pettiness or triviality. Labels: broadly, colloquial, countable, uncountable Example: Who cares? This is all just semantics!
Word: false friend Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Calque of French faux-ami, from the longer phrase faux amis du traducteur (“false friends of a translator”), first used by Maxime Kœssler and Jules Derocquigny in 1928 in their book Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais (False Friends, or the Pitfalls of the English Vocabulary). Pronunciation: /ˌfɒls ˈfɹɛnd/, /ˌfɔːls ˈfɹɛnd/, /ˌfɔls ˈfɹɛnd/, /ˌfɑls ˈfɹɛnd/, /ˌfoːls ˈfɹend/ 1. A word in a language that bears a deceptive resemblance to a word in another language but in fact has a different meaning. Example: A word and its false friend may well be etymologically related: in such cases semantic shifts have made them drift apart. 2. Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see false, friend.
Word: noun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Italic *nōmn̥ Latin nōmen Anglo-Norman noun, non, nombor. Middle English noun English noun Inherited from Middle English noun, from Anglo-Norman noun, non, nom, from Latin nōmen (“name; noun”). The grammatical sense in Latin was a semantic loan from Koine Greek ὄνομα (ónoma). Doublet of name and nomen. Pronunciation: /naʊn/, /nɒ(ʊ)n/, /nʌʊn/, [nəu̯n], /næʊn/ 1. A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as person, animal, place, word, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality, or idea: one of the basic parts of speech in many languages, including English. Example: Records have been broken, races have been dedicated, dreams have been dreamed, starts have been falsed and nouns have been verbed. Example: Communication is a kind of beauty, he said – and “beauty manifests itself from the noun itself, without strawberries on the cake.” 2. Either a word that can be used to refer to a person, animal, place, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality or idea, or a word that modifies or describes a previous word or its referent; a substantive or adjective, sometimes also including other parts of speech such as numeral or pronoun. Labels: archaic, broadly Example: Q. What is a Noun? A. The Name of a Thing. Q. How many Sorts of Nouns are there? [...] A. A Noun Substantive, and a Noun Adjective. Example: A Noun is a word which serves to name and distinguish some thing; [...]. There are two sorts of nouns; one is called a noun substantive, and the other a noun adjective. 3. An object within a user interface to which a certain action or transformation (i.e., verb) is applied. Example: Nouns are the data; verbs are the data transformations, and therefore verbs represent much of the complexity of systems. Example: You choose either (1) the verb (change font) first and then select the noun (the paragraph) to which the verb should apply or (2) the noun first and then apply the verb.
Word: noun Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Italic *nōmn̥ Latin nōmen Anglo-Norman noun, non, nombor. Middle English noun English noun Inherited from Middle English noun, from Anglo-Norman noun, non, nom, from Latin nōmen (“name; noun”). The grammatical sense in Latin was a semantic loan from Koine Greek ὄνομα (ónoma). Doublet of name and nomen. Pronunciation: /naʊn/, /nɒ(ʊ)n/, /nʌʊn/, [nəu̯n], /næʊn/ 1. To convert a word to a noun. Labels: transitive Example: What is not clear is how the nouning of verbs supports Simon's assumed correspondence between mechanical designing and intentional human responses. Is it the very nouning of verbs which indicates that the above correspondence exists? Example: For example, that females are different from but equal to males is oxymoronic by virtue of the nouned status of female and male as kinds of persons.
Word: hour Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English houre, hour, oure, from Old French houre, from Latin hōra (“hour”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “any time or period, whether of the year, month, or day”), from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”). Akin to Old English ġēar (“year”). Doublet of hora and year. Compare horary. Partly displaced native Old English tīd (“time, hour”), whence Modern English tide. Pronunciation: /aʊə/, /aː(ɹ)/, /uːɐ/, /aʊɚ/, /aː(r)/ 1. A unit of time of one twenty-fourth of a day (sixty minutes). Example: Holonyms: day < week < megasecond < fortnight < month < year < gigasecond < century < kiloannum, kiloyear, millennium < terasecond < mega-annum, megayear < petasecond < giga-annum, gigayear < exasecond < zettasecond < yottasecond < ronnasecond < quettasecond Example: Meronyms: quectosecond < rontosecond < yoctosecond < zeptosecond < attosecond < femtosecond < picosecond < nanosecond < microsecond < millisecond < centisecond < decisecond < second < decasecond < minute < hectosecond < kilosecond 2. A season, moment, or time. Example: Don't come home ever again at this unearthly hour. Example: From childhood's hour I have not been / As others were; I have not seen / As others saw; I could not bring / My passions from a common spring. 3. The time. Labels: poetic Example: The hour grows late and I must go home. 4. Used after a two-digit hour and a two-digit minute to indicate time. Labels: in-plural Example: By 1300 hours the position was fairly clear. 5. The amount of labor demanded by an employer in terms of time. Labels: in-plural Example: I asked my manager for more hours. Example: The shop wasn't giving me enough hours so I started searching for a second job. 6. The set times of prayer, the canonical hours, the offices or services prescribed for these, or a book containing them. Labels: in-plural 7. A distance that can be traveled in one hour. Labels: US Example: This place is an hour away from where I live.
Word: alphabetical Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin alphabēticus + -al. By surface analysis, alphabet + -ical. Pronunciation: /ˌæl.fəˈbɛt.ɪ.kəl/, /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/, [ˌælfəˈbɛɾɪkəl], /ˌæl.fəˈbet.ɪ.kəl/, [ˌæl.fəˈbeɾ.ɪ.kəl] 1. Pertaining to, furnished with, or expressed by letters of the alphabet. Labels: not-comparable Example: Paul, who talks about what the magical papyri do, has in his first letter to the Corinthians described basic aspects of alphabetical language. 2. According to the sequence of the letters of the alphabet. Labels: not-comparable Example: All names were placed into an alphabetical list. 3. literal Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: But if an alphabeticall servility must be still urged, it may so fall out,
Word: alphabetical Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin alphabēticus + -al. By surface analysis, alphabet + -ical. Pronunciation: /ˌæl.fəˈbɛt.ɪ.kəl/, /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/, [ˌælfəˈbɛɾɪkəl], /ˌæl.fəˈbet.ɪ.kəl/, [ˌæl.fəˈbeɾ.ɪ.kəl] 1. Ellipsis of alphabetical jigsaw. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Example: We used to publish two, or sometimes three, alphabeticals a year and I am proposing to resume the same sort of frequency.
Word: freedom of speech Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The concept and the term are ancient; Athens’ democratic ideology of free speech (παρρησία (parrhēsía)) is thought to have emerged in the 5th or 6th century B.C.E. The first occurrence of the phrase freedom of speech recorded by the Oxford English Dictionary dates to 1567, and it also appears in the English Bill of Rights, among other works: see the quotations. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹiː.dəm əv ˌspiːt͡ʃ/ 1. The right of citizens to speak, or otherwise communicate, without fear of harm or prosecution. Labels: uncountable Example: S. Iohn the Baptiste, who died for the lyke liberty and fredome of speache, as S. Quillian, and S. Lamberte did. Example: That the Freedome of Speech and Debates or Proceedings in Parlyament ought not to be impeached or questioned in any Court or Place out of Parlyament. 2. Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see freedom, speech. Labels: uncountable Example: […] For to him that opens himſelf, Men will hardly ſhew themselves averſe, but will (fair) let him go on, and turn their freedom of ſpeech to freedom of thought. And therefore it is a good ſhrewd Proverb of the Spaniard, Tell a lye, and find a Troth; as if there were no way of diſcovery, but by Simulation.
Word: minute Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English mynute, minute, mynet, from Old French minute, from Medieval Latin minūta (“60th of an hour; note”). Doublet of menu and menudo. Pronunciation: /ˈmɪnɪt/ 1. A unit of time which is one sixtieth of an hour (sixty seconds). Example: Holonyms: hectosecond < kilosecond < hour < day < week < megasecond < fortnight < month < year < gigasecond < century < kiloannum, kiloyear, millennium < terasecond < mega-annum, megayear < petasecond < giga-annum, gigayear < exasecond < zettasecond < yottasecond < ronnasecond < quettasecond Example: Meronyms: quectosecond < rontosecond < yoctosecond < zeptosecond < attosecond < femtosecond < picosecond < nanosecond < microsecond < millisecond < centisecond < decisecond < second < decasecond 2. A short but unspecified time period. Labels: informal Example: give me a minute Example: Wait a minute, I’m not ready yet! 3. A unit of angle equal to one-sixtieth of a degree. Example: We need to be sure these maps are accurate to within one minute of arc. 4. A (usually formal) written record of a meeting or a part of a meeting. Labels: in-plural Example: Let’s look at the minutes of last week’s meeting. Example: The Clerk or 'recording Clerk' drafts a minute and then, or at a later time, reads it to the Meeting. Subsequent contributions are on the wording of the minute only, until it can be accepted by the Meeting. Once the minute is accepted, the Meeting moves on to the next item on the agenda. 5. A unit of purchase on a telephone or other similar network, especially a cell phone network, roughly equivalent in gross form to sixty seconds' use of the network. Example: If you buy this model, you’ll get 100 free minutes. 6. A point in time; a moment. Example: I conked out the minute I got home. Example: Tell her, that I some Certainty may bring; / I go this minute to attend the king. 7. A nautical or a geographic mile. 8. An old coin, a half farthing. 9. A very small part of anything, or anything very small; a jot; a whit. Labels: obsolete Example: […]according to the Prophecies of him, which were so clear and descended to minutes and circumstances of his passion 10. A fixed part of a module. 11. A while or a long unspecified period of time. Labels: Canada, US, dialectal, slang Example: Oh, I ain't heard that song in a minute! Example: “Man, I haven’t seen you in a minute,” he says, smiling still. “Maybe like two, three years ago?” 12. The distance that can be traveled in a minute.
Word: minute Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English mynute, minute, mynet, from Old French minute, from Medieval Latin minūta (“60th of an hour; note”). Doublet of menu and menudo. Pronunciation: /ˈmɪnɪt/ 1. Of an event, to write in a memo or the minutes of a meeting. Labels: transitive Example: I’ll minute this evening’s meeting. Example: I dare say there was a vast amount of minuting, memoranduming, and despatch-boxing, on this mighty subject. 2. To set down a short sketch or note of; to jot down; to make a minute or a brief summary of. Example: The Empress of Russia, with her own hand, minuted an edict for universal tolerance.
Word: minute Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Latin minūtus (“small", "petty”), perfect passive participle of minuō (“make smaller”). Pronunciation: [maɪ̯ˈnjuːt], [maɪ̯ˈnjʊwt], [maɪ̯ˈn(j)u̟(ː)t], [mɐ̟ɪ̯ˈn(j)u̟(ː)t], [məj-] 1. Very small. Example: They found only minute quantities of chemical residue on his clothing. 2. Very careful and exact, giving small details. Example: The lawyer gave the witness a minute examination. Example: The single-imaging optic of the mammalian eye offers some distinct visual advantages. Such lenses can take in photons from a wide range of angles, increasing light sensitivity. They also have high spatial resolution, resolving incoming images in minute detail.
Word: barter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Late Middle English, from Old French barater. Pronunciation: /ˈbɑː.(ɹ)tə(ɹ)/, /ˈbɑɹ.tɚ/, [ˈbɑɹ.ɾɚ] 1. An exchange of goods or services without the use of money. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: We had no money so we had to live by barter. Example: Speculations in trade are not confined to the counter or to the counting-house. Lady Anne's fair hair and white teeth were as much objects of barter as any of the shawls or ribbons displayed in Bond Street. They were to be had in exchange for a suit of diamonds and an opera-box. 2. The goods or services used in such an exchange. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: The man used his watch as barter to pay for his tab.
Word: barter Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Late Middle English, from Old French barater. Pronunciation: /ˈbɑː.(ɹ)tə(ɹ)/, /ˈbɑɹ.tɚ/, [ˈbɑɹ.ɾɚ] 1. To exchange goods or services without involving money. Labels: ambitransitive Example: She bartered a bonsai for one of the rare books in my library. Example: You may be able to barter for some of the items you need at the local market.
Word: etymology Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *set-? Ancient Greek ἐτεός (eteós)der.? Ancient Greek ἔτυμος (étumos) Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos) Ancient Greek -λογος (-logos) Ancient Greek ἐτῠμόλογος (etŭmólogos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (etŭmologĭ́ā)bor. Latin etymologiader. Old French ethimologiebor. Middle English ethymologie English etymology From Middle English ethymologie, from Old French ethimologie, from Latin etymologia, from Ancient Greek ἐτυμολογία (etumología), from ἔτυμον (étumon, “true sense”) and -λογία (-logía, “study or logic of”), from λόγος (lógos, “word; explanation”). Equivalent to etymon + -ology. Pronunciation: /ˌɛtɪˈmɒləd͡ʒi/, /ˌɛtɪˈmɔləd͡ʒɪj/, /ˌɛtəˈmɒləd͡ʒi/, [ˌɛɾəˈmɒləd͡ʒi], /ˌɛtəˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ 1. The scientific study of the origin and evolution of a word's semantic meaning across time, including its constituent morphemes and phonemes. Labels: uncountable Example: Holonyms: historical linguistics < linguistics 2. The entire catalogue of meanings that a word, morpheme, or sign has carried throughout its history. Labels: countable Example: Although written the same, the words lead (the metal) and lead (the verb) have totally different etymologies. Example: The etymology of the term Japlish is disputed and contentiously so. 3. An account of the origin and historical development of a word as presented in a dictionary or the like. Labels: countable Example: Etymologies appeal to people with a very wide variety of interests and intellectual backgrounds. A very few people, such as myself, spend most of their time researching etymologies. A slightly larger number do so very occasionally. Many, many more people look at etymologies, but have never researched any themselves. Some people will never even have thought of etymologies as things which need to be researched. Particularly when etymologies are encountered in the compressed form found in many dictionaries, they can seem to be a given, rather than the (often very tentative) results of extensive research. This book is intended for anyone who has taken the important first step of realizing that etymologies are the result of research, and would like to discover something about the nature of that research, and the principles and methodologies which underlie it. Example: I began to study coats of arms, visit the Web sites of portrait galleries and look up the etymology of Gaelic names. 4. The direct origin of a name, as in who someone was named after. Labels: countable Example: I'm sure you know the etymology of your name, Goodspeed.