nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: apparatus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₃o- Proto-Italic *paro- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Proto-Italic *parāō Latin parō Latin apparō Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus Latin apparātuslbor. English apparatus Learned borrowing from Latin apparātus. Doublet of apparat. Pronunciation: /ˌæp.əˈɹeɪ.təs/, /ˌæp.əˈɹæt.əs/, /ˌæp.əˈɹɑː.təs/, /ʔɐp.pɐˈɾaː.t̪ʊs/ 1. The entirety of means whereby a specific production is made existent or task accomplished. Example: These television stations are part of the apparatus and power of Milosevic. This is the apparatus he has used to do the ethnic cleansing in Kosovo. It is the apparatus that keeps him in power and we are entirely justified as Nato allies in damaging and taking on those targets. Example: Among the many good points Thomas Piketty makes in Capital in the Twenty First Century – his world-changing but surprisingly mild book – is that extreme inequality can be sustained politically only through an “apparatus of justification”. 2. A complex machine or instrument. Example: “I have met my young photographer,” said De Stancy, cheerily. “What a small world it is, as every busybody truly observes! I am wishing he could take some views for us as we go on; but you have no apparatus with you, I suppose, Mr. Dare?” Example: An apparatus for exploring the atmosphere of a planet such as Venus, at a specific altitude, was patented this week for a French agency, the Office Nationale d'Etudes et de Recherche Aerospatiales. 3. An assortment of tools and instruments. Labels: collective Example: We immediately threw out all the little things we had with us, ſuch as biſcuits, apples, &c. and after that one of our oars or wings; but ſtill deſcending, we caſt away the other wing, and then the governail ; having likewiſe had the precaution, for fear of accidents, while the Balloon was filling, partly to looſen and make it go eaſy, I now ſucceeded in attempting to reach without the Car, and unſcrewing the moulinet, with all its apparatus; I likewiſe caſt that into the ſea. 4. A bureaucratic organization, especially one influenced by political patronage. Example: In English fiction—that is to say British fiction in the English language tradition—it is a subtle question because we dislike thinking abstractly and conceptualisation of government, where it exists, is vague and confused. Take bishops: they sat as legislators and so were part of the governing apparatus. 5. A vehicle used for emergency response. 6. Any of the equipment on which the gymnasts perform their movements. 7. Any of the objects that the gymnasts wield while performing and used as part of the performance itself. 8. A complex, highly modified weapon (typically not a firearm); a weaponized “Rube Goldberg machine.” 9. In an edition, a system of notations providing information, especially regarding variant readings of a text (a critical apparatus)
Word: attack Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Italian a- Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is- Proto-Italic *dis- Latin dis- Old French des- Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- Proto-Germanic *stikaną Proto-West Germanic *stekander. Old French atachier Old French destachier Middle French destacherbor. Italian distaccare Italian staccare Italian attaccarebor. French attaquerdeverb. French attaquebor. English attack Borrowed from French attaque, derived from the verb attaquer, from Italian attaccare (“to join, attach”) (used in attaccare battaglia (“to join battle”)), from Frankish *stakkijan (“to stick, stick to, attach”). Doublet of attach. Displaced native Middle English onresen, from Old English onrǣsan (“to attack”); and Middle English resinge (“an assault, attack”) (compare Old English onrǣs (“an attack”)). Pronunciation: /əˈtæk/, /əˈtak/, /əˈtɛk/ 1. To apply violent force to someone or something. Labels: transitive Example: This species of snake will only attack humans if it feels threatened. Example: Yesterday, December seventh, 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. 2. To aggressively challenge a person, idea, etc., with words (particularly in newspaper headlines, because it typesets into less space than "criticize" or similar). Labels: transitive Example: She published an article attacking the recent pay cuts. Example: It was puzzling to read a column that claimed to be attacking me, yet espoused the main ideas in my article. 3. To begin to affect; to act upon injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste. Labels: transitive Example: On the fourth of March he was attacked by fever. Example: Hydrofluoric acid […] attacks the glass. 4. To deal with something in a direct way; to set to work upon. Labels: transitive Example: We’ll have dinner before we attack the biology homework. Example: I attacked the meal with a hearty appetite. 5. To aim balls at the batsman’s wicket. Labels: transitive 6. To set a field, or bowl in a manner designed to get wickets. Labels: intransitive 7. To bat aggressively, so as to score runs quickly. Labels: intransitive 8. To move forward in an active attempt to score a point, as opposed to trying not to concede. Example: Six successive defeats had left them rooted to the bottom of the Premier League table but, clearly under instructions to attack from the outset, Bolton started far the brighter. 9. To accelerate quickly in an attempt to get ahead of the other riders. 10. (Of a chemical species) To approach a chemical species or bond in order to form a bond with it. Labels: physical
Word: attack Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Italian a- Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is- Proto-Italic *dis- Latin dis- Old French des- Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- Proto-Germanic *stikaną Proto-West Germanic *stekander. Old French atachier Old French destachier Middle French destacherbor. Italian distaccare Italian staccare Italian attaccarebor. French attaquerdeverb. French attaquebor. English attack Borrowed from French attaque, derived from the verb attaquer, from Italian attaccare (“to join, attach”) (used in attaccare battaglia (“to join battle”)), from Frankish *stakkijan (“to stick, stick to, attach”). Doublet of attach. Displaced native Middle English onresen, from Old English onrǣsan (“to attack”); and Middle English resinge (“an assault, attack”) (compare Old English onrǣs (“an attack”)). Pronunciation: /əˈtæk/, /əˈtak/, /əˈtɛk/ 1. Designed or kept for the purpose of confrontation. Labels: not-comparable Example: attack dog, attack ad
Word: outdo Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úd Proto-Germanic *ūt Proto-Germanic *ūt- Old English ūt- Middle English ut- English out- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁t Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰédʰeh₁ti Proto-Germanic *dōną Proto-West Germanic *dōn Old English dōn Middle English don English do English outdo From out- + do. Pronunciation: /aʊtˈdu/ 1. To excel; go beyond in performance; surpass. Labels: transitive Example: You've outdone yourself—another personal best!
Word: outdid Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /aʊtˈdɪd/ 1. simple past of outdo Labels: form-of, past
Word: outdone Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /aʊtˈdʌn/ 1. past participle of outdo Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: attempt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Latin temptō Latin attemptōder. Old French atempterbor. Middle English attempten English attempt Late 14th century, as Middle English attempten, from Old French atempter, from Latin attemptō (“to try, solicit”), from ad- (“to”) + temptō; see tempt. The noun is from the 1530s, the sense "an assault on somebody's life, assassination attempt" (French attentat) is from 1580. By surface analysis, at- + tempt. Pronunciation: /əˈtɛmpt/ 1. To try. Example: to attempt an escape from prison Example: I attempted to sing, but my throat was too hoarse. 2. To try to move, by entreaty, by afflictions, or by temptations; to tempt. Labels: obsolete Example: Yet since I see you fearful, that neither my coat, integrity, nor persuasion can with ease attempt you, I will go further than I meant, to pluck all fears out of you. Example: It made the laughter of an afternoon / That Vivien should attempt the blameless king. 3. To try to win, subdue, or overcome. Labels: archaic Example: one who attempts the virtue of a woman Example: Dear sir, of force I must attempt you further: / Take some remembrance of us, as a tribute. 4. To attack; to make an effort or attack upon; to try to take by force. Labels: archaic Example: to attempt the enemy’s camp Example: without attempting his adversary’s life 5. To make a substantial but unsuccessful effort (to commit a crime). Example: Whoever takes a direct and immediate step towards the realisation of the offence as envisaged by them attempts to commit an offence.
Word: attempt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Latin temptō Latin attemptōder. Old French atempterbor. Middle English attempten English attempt Late 14th century, as Middle English attempten, from Old French atempter, from Latin attemptō (“to try, solicit”), from ad- (“to”) + temptō; see tempt. The noun is from the 1530s, the sense "an assault on somebody's life, assassination attempt" (French attentat) is from 1580. By surface analysis, at- + tempt. Pronunciation: /əˈtɛmpt/ 1. The action of trying at something. Example: We made an attempt to cross the stream, but didn’t manage. Example: This poem is much better than the feeble attempt of mine. 2. An assault or attack, especially an assassination attempt. Example: No man can charge us of any attempt against the realm. 3. A substantial but unsuccessful effort (to commit a crime). Example: Whoever voluntarily abandons the further commission of the offence or prevents its completion incurs no penalty for attempt. 4. An act of trying to commit suicide Example: Her attempt was not successful, and resulted in her being hospitalized.
Word: outgrow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úd Proto-Germanic *ūt Proto-Germanic *ūt- Old English ūt- Middle English ut- English out- English grow English outgrow From out- + grow. Pronunciation: /ˌaʊtˈɡɹəʊ/, /ˌɑʊtˈɡɹoʊ/ 1. To become too big in size or too mature in age or outlook to continue to want, need, use, experience, or accept some object, practice, condition, belief, etc. Labels: figuratively, often, transitive Example: Poorer children often have to wear whatever an older sibling has outgrown. Example: I used to have allergies but I outgrew all of them. 2. To grow faster or larger than. Labels: transitive Example: The best adapted plant varieties tend to outgrow those less adapted.
Word: outgrew Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /aʊtˈɡɹuː/ 1. simple past of outgrow Labels: form-of, past
Word: outgrown Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /aʊtˈɡɹoʊn/ 1. past participle of outgrow Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: outrun Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úd Proto-Germanic *ūt Proto-Germanic *ūt- Old English ūt- Middle English ut- English out- English run English outrun From out- + run. Pronunciation: /ˈaʊtɹʌn/ 1. To run faster than. Labels: transitive Example: Can a tiger outrun a lion? Example: I don't need to outrun the bear; I just need to outrun you. 2. To exceed or overextend. Labels: transitive Example: They will take care not to outrun their income. They will never be distressed for money. Example: […] as I levelled my glance towards the taffrail, foreboding shivers ran over me. Reality outran apprehension; Captain Ahab stood upon his quarter-deck.
Word: outrun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úd Proto-Germanic *ūt Proto-Germanic *ūt- Old English ūt- Middle English ut- English out- English run English outrun From out- + run. Pronunciation: /ˈaʊtɹʌn/ 1. In ski jumping, the flat or uphill area past the landing point, where the skier can slow down. 2. The sheepdog's initial run towards the sheep, done in a curving motion so as not to startle them. 3. A piece of outlying grazing land on an arable farm. Labels: Scotland
Word: outran Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˌaʊtˈɹæn/ 1. simple past of outrun Labels: form-of, past
Word: outsell Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úd Proto-Germanic *ūt Proto-Germanic *ūt- Old English ūt- Middle English ut- English out- English sell English outsell From out- + sell. Pronunciation: /ɑʊtˈsɛl/ 1. To sell more than; to surpass in sales. Labels: stative, transitive Example: The new smartphone is expected to outsell its competitors. Example: Her latest book has already outsold her previous works. 2. To sell at a higher price (than) Labels: stative, transitive
Word: outsold Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ɑʊtˈsɔld/ 1. simple past and past participle of outsell Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: overcast Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English overcasten, equivalent to over- + cast. Compare Swedish överkast. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊvəˌkɑːst/, /ˈoʊvɚ.kæst/ 1. A cloud covering all of the sky from horizon to horizon. 2. An outcast. Labels: obsolete 3. A place where one roadway crosses another, specifically where an airway was built across the top of another airway for ventilation purposes.
Word: overcast Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English overcasten, equivalent to over- + cast. Compare Swedish överkast. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊvəˌkɑːst/, /ˈoʊvɚ.kæst/ 1. Covered with clouds; overshadowed; darkened; (meteorology) more than 90% covered by clouds. Example: The Dawn is over-caſt, the Morning low’rs, And heavily in Clouds brings on the Day, […] 2. In a state of depression; gloomy; melancholy. Labels: figuratively
Word: overcast Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English overcasten, equivalent to over- + cast. Compare Swedish överkast. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊvəˈkɑːst/, /ˌoʊvɚˈkæst/ 1. To overthrow. Labels: obsolete, transitive 2. To cover with cloud; to overshadow; to darken. Labels: transitive 3. To make gloomy; to depress. Labels: transitive 4. To be or become cloudy. Labels: intransitive, obsolete 5. To transform. Labels: obsolete, transitive 6. To fasten (sheets) by overcast stitching or by folding one edge over another. Labels: transitive
Word: overcome Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Inherited from Middle English overcomen, inherited from Old English ofercuman (“to overcome, subdue, compel, conquer, obtain, attain, reach, overtake”). By surface analysis, over- + come. Cognate with Dutch overkomen, German überkommen, Danish overkomme, Swedish överkomma. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, /ˌoʊ.vəɹˈkʌm/, /ˌəʉ.vəˈkɐm/, /ˌɐʉ.vɐˈkɐm/, /ˌo.vəɹˈkʌm/ 1. To surmount (a physical or abstract obstacle); to prevail over, to get the better of. Labels: transitive Example: But sith this wretched woman ouercome / Of anguish, rather then of crime hath beene, Example: By and by fumes of brandy began to fill the air, and climb to where I lay, overcoming the mouldy smell of decayed wood and the dampness of the green walls. 2. To prevail. Labels: intransitive Example: Hee that ouercommeth, the same shalbe clothed in white raiment, and I will not blot out his name out of the booke of life, but I will confesse his name before my Father, and before his Angels. Example: We shall overcome because Carlyle is right; "no lie can live forever". 3. To recover from (a difficulty), to get over. Labels: transitive 4. To win against or prevail over in some sort of battle, contest, etc. Labels: transitive Example: to overcome enemies in battle Example: Ther with all cam kyng Arthur but with a fewe peple and slewe on the lyfte hand and on the ryght hand that wel nyhe ther escaped no man / but alle were slayne to the nombre of xxx M / And whan the bataille was all ended the kynge kneled doune and thanked god mekely / and thenne he sente for the quene and soone she was come / and she maade grete Ioye of the ouercomynge of that bataille 5. To come or pass over; to spread over. Example: I was overcome with anger. Example: And overcome us like a summer's cloud. 6. To overflow; to surcharge. Labels: obsolete Example: A Crop so plenteous, as the Land to load, O'ercome the crowded Barns Example: Th' unfallow'd Glebe Yearly o'ercomes the Granaries with Store Of Golden Wheat.
Word: overcome Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English overcomen, inherited from Old English ofercuman (“to overcome, subdue, compel, conquer, obtain, attain, reach, overtake”). By surface analysis, over- + come. Cognate with Dutch overkomen, German überkommen, Danish overkomme, Swedish överkomma. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, /ˌoʊ.vəɹˈkʌm/, /ˌəʉ.vəˈkɐm/, /ˌɐʉ.vɐˈkɐm/, /ˌo.vəɹˈkʌm/ 1. The burden or recurring theme in a song. Labels: Scotland 2. A surplus. Labels: Scotland
Word: overcome Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Inherited from Middle English overcomen, inherited from Old English ofercuman (“to overcome, subdue, compel, conquer, obtain, attain, reach, overtake”). By surface analysis, over- + come. Cognate with Dutch overkomen, German überkommen, Danish overkomme, Swedish överkomma. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, /ˌoʊ.vəɹˈkʌm/, /ˌəʉ.vəˈkɐm/, /ˌɐʉ.vɐˈkɐm/, /ˌo.vəɹˈkʌm/ 1. That has been overcome, prevailed over. Labels: not-comparable
Word: overcame Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈkeɪm/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈkeɪm/ 1. simple past of overcome Labels: form-of, past 2. past participle of overcome Labels: colloquial, form-of, nonstandard, participle, past Example: Had he been merely Man, he could never have overcame thoſe infinite Afflictions he ſo patiently endured. Example: […]not because his faith has overcame the supreme being, but because it has overcame the sinner's will, and brought him where the Lord promised to pardon.
Word: overdo Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English overdon, from Old English oferdōn, equivalent to over- + do. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊvəˈduː/, /ˌoʊvɚˈdu/ 1. To do too much; to exceed what is proper or true in doing; to carry too far. Labels: transitive Example: I overdid the sweets during the holidays and put on some weight. Example: […] o’erstep not the modesty of nature: for anything so overdone is from the purpose of playing, whose end […] is to hold, as ’twere, the mirror up to nature; 2. To cook for too long. Labels: transitive Example: to overdo the meat Example: [He] talked of a feast where he had been the day before, but that the venison was over-done. 3. To give (someone or something) too much work; to require too much effort or strength of (someone); to use up too much of (something). Labels: transitive Example: to overdo one’s strength Example: Good God! hovv poore a thing is vvretched man? / So fraile, that let him ſtriue the beſt he can, / VVith euery little blaſt hee’s ouerdon. 4. To do more than (someone); to do (something) to a greater extent. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: In a delicate Garden, where Art hath shewed it’s vtmost, yee shall meet with Roses, Gillyflowers, and Fountaines of Alabaster and Iasper; but thou wilt not so much admire this, as if thou shouldst light on these dainties in a Desert, or in some craggie Mountain, where the hand of nature shall ouerdoe that of art and Industrie. Example: [...] it would be their shame for ever to be overdone in mischiefe, nor were they here exceeded.
Word: overdone Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English overdon, from Old English oferdōn, equivalent to over- + done. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈdʌn/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈdʌn/ 1. Cooked too much. 2. Exaggerated; overwrought. Example: There are lots of pauses and little detours, hitchings-up of their smocks, inspection of the soles of their feet, some rather overdone limping. 3. Repeated too often; hackneyed.
Word: overdone Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English overdon, from Old English oferdōn, equivalent to over- + done. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈdʌn/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈdʌn/ 1. past participle of overdo Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: Dutch auction Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˌdʌtʃ ˈɔːk.ʃən/ 1. An auction where many of the same items are sold. 2. A reverse auction that starts at a high price that is gradually reduced by the auctioneer until someone is willing to buy.
Word: claque Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French claque (“group of people hired to applaud or boo, claque”, literally “a slap; a clap”). Pronunciation: /ˈklæk/ 1. A group of people hired to attend a performance and to either applaud or boo. Labels: collective Example: The most popular singers have been obliged to give free tickets and even to donate cash, lest the claque retaliate by frantic applause at the wrong moment. Example: The claque isn't paid. In fact, claqueurs pay to get in. The inducement is that they can buy standing room for half price, without waiting in line. 2. A group of fawning admirers. Labels: broadly Example: The most obvious gay connection to opera is the cult of the diva. Stauncher even than the fans of Garland of Striesand, the claques of Maria Callas and Joan Sutherland (among others) have been fanatical in their devotion. Going beyond the usual "appreciation stage" the fans glorify and deify their stars: Callas was "La Divina," Sutherland "La Stupenda." 3. A group of people who pre-arrange among themselves to express strong support for an idea, so as to give the false impression of a wider consensus. Labels: broadly
Word: leet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Scots leet, leit, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old French lite, litte, variant of liste (“list”); or from Old Norse leiti, hleyti (“a share, portion”) (compare Old English hlēt (“share, lot”)); or an aphaeretic shortening of French élite. Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. A portion or list, especially a list of candidates for an office; also the candidates themselves. Labels: Scotland
Word: leet Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old English lēt, past tense of lǣtan (“to let”). Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. simple past of let Labels: form-of, obsolete, past
Word: leet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Originated 1400–50 from late Middle English lete (“meeting”), from Anglo-Norman lete and Medieval Latin leta (Anglo-Latin), possibly from Old English ġelǣte (“crossroads”). Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. A regular court, more specifically a court-leet, in which certain lords had jurisdiction over local disputes, or the physical area of this jurisdiction. Labels: UK, obsolete
Word: leet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Jamieson mentions the alternative spellings lyth, lythe, laid, and laith, and connects it to a verb lythe (“to shelter”), as it "is frequently caught ... in deep holes among the rocks". Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. The European pollock. Labels: UK Example: The whiting pollock sometimes, par excellence is styled pollock only. On the Yorkshire coast it is called a leet, and in Scotland a lythe.
Word: leet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English lete, from Old English ġelǣt, ġelǣte, from Proto-Germanic *galētą, *lētą. More at leat. Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. A place where roads meet or cross; intersection Labels: obsolete 2. Alternative form of leat (“watercourse”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: leet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Apheretic form of elite, respelled according to leetspeak conventions. Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. Abbreviation of leetspeak. Labels: Internet, abbreviation, alt-of, dated, uncountable
Word: leet Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Apheretic form of elite, respelled according to leetspeak conventions. Pronunciation: /liːt/ 1. Of or relating to leetspeak. 2. Possessing outstanding skill in a field; expert, masterful. Labels: slang 3. Having superior social rank over others; upper class, elite. Labels: slang 4. Awesome, typically to describe a feat of skill; cool, sweet. Labels: slang Example: Powered by leetness! You can have the leetest hardware imaginable in your gaming rig, but it won't matter if you run it with a cheap power supply.
Word: shrike Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English *schrike, *schryke, from Old English sċrīc (“shrike, thrush”), from the same root as shriek and screech, named after the bird's cry. Compare Icelandic skríkja (“shrieker, shrike”), Swedish skrika (“jay”). Pronunciation: /ʃɹaɪk/ 1. Any of various passerine birds of the family Laniidae which are known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns.
Word: myself Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From Middle English myself, meself, from Old English mē selfum and similar phrases, equivalent to me + self, later partly reinterpreted as my + self / -self. Cognate with Scots mysel, mysell (“myself”), West Frisian mysels (“myself”), Dutch mijzelf (“myself”), German mich selbst, mir selbst (“myself”), Norwegian Bokmål meg selv (“myself”). Pronunciation: /maɪˈsɛlf/, /məˈsɛlf/ 1. Me, as direct or indirect object the speaker as the object of a verb or preposition, when the speaker is also the subject. Labels: pronoun, reflexive Example: I taught myself. Example: (I) don’t think much of your new car, myself. 2. Personally, for my part; used in apposition to I, sometimes for simple emphasis and sometimes with implicit exclusion of any others performing the activity described. Example: I myself have witnessed the event. 3. In my normal state of body or mind. Example: I feel like myself. 4. Me, as the object of a verb or preposition without a reflexive trigger. Sometimes used for intensifying the pronoun of oneself. Labels: proscribed Example: Give the ball to John or myself. 5. I (as the subject of a verb). Labels: archaic, proscribed Example: My wife and myself want to go on vacation. Example: And my selfe have knowen a Gentleman, a chiefe officer of our crowne, that by right and hope of succession (had he lived unto it) was to inherit above fifty thousand crownes a yeere good land[…]. 6. my name is... Labels: India, Pakistan, nonstandard Example: Myself John.
Word: ourself Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From Middle English oure-selfe; equivalent to our + -self. Pronunciation: /(ˌ)aʊə(ɹ)ˈsɛlf/, /(ˌ)ɑː(ɹ)ˈsɛlf/, /wɐˈsɛl/, /wəˈsɛl/ 1. The reflexive of the royal or editorial we: myself (as used by one who is a monarch, writer or speaker when referring to oneself as we). Labels: first-person, pronoun, reflexive Example: In the present study, we will limit ourself to the simplest of cases. Example: Without in any way committing ourself upon this point, we have merely to observe, that we are ready to receive sealed offers containing a full specification of age, temper, appearance, and condition[…] 2. The reflexive of the generic we: oneself. Labels: first-person, pronoun, reflexive Example: We should love our neighbor as ourself. 3. Reflexive of "we" referring to an individual person being addressed, especially a person in the speaker's care. Labels: colloquial, first-person, form-of, reflexive Example: Hello Mrs Miggins. Did we manage to wash ourself this morning? Example: Well done Timmy! Did we make that model ourself? 4. The reflexive of we: ourselves. Labels: first-person
Word: ourselves Part of Speech: pron Etymology: Morphologically our + -selves. Pronunciation: /aʊəˈsɛlvz/, /ɑːˈsɛlvz/, /wɐˈsɛlz/, /wəˈsɛlz/, /aʊɚˈsɛlvz/ 1. Us; the group including the speaker as the object of a verb or preposition when that group also is the subject. Labels: reflexive Example: We should keep this for ourselves. Example: Let's not beat ourselves up over this. 2. Intensifies the subject as the group including the speaker, especially to indicate that no one else satisfies the predicate or needs to be included. Labels: emphatic Example: We did it ourselves. 3. Referring to everyone being addressed. Labels: colloquial Example: Come on everyone! Let's get ourselves up and out of bed, please. Example: Now then children, I'm not going to help you with the next problem. We should be able to work this one out ourselves. 4. Referring to an individual person being addressed, especially a person in the speaker's care; also ourself. Labels: colloquial Example: Coordinate term: nurse's we Example: Hello Mrs Miggins. Did we manage to wash ourselves this morning?
Word: y'all Part of Speech: pron Etymology: Contraction of you all, and/or from Scots ye aw. Attested since at least 1631. Compare Dutch jullie (originally jij lui (literally “you people”)) for a similar development of a new plural pronoun out of Proto-Germanic *jīz that originally was already plural. Pronunciation: /jɔːl/, /jɔl/, /jɑl/ 1. You (plural). Labels: Appalachia, Caribbean, Singapore, Southern-US, informal, nominative, objective, plural, second-person Example: [...] and this y'all know is true, [...] Example: Much later, after dozens of the men had come up to me to shake my hand (with both of theirs) and say "Y'all come back soon, hear? ... 2. Everyone; everybody. Labels: Southern-US, nominative, objective, plural, second-person Example: Hey y'all! 3. You (singular). Labels: Southern-US, nominative, objective, plural, rare, second-person Example: I made this for both y'all and your wife to enjoy. Example: You alla sudden gettin’ human with yo’ N-word and now a US Grant. Y’all becomin’ a rare white boy, ain’t ya?
Word: y'all Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Contraction of you all, and/or from Scots ye aw. Attested since at least 1631. Compare Dutch jullie (originally jij lui (literally “you people”)) for a similar development of a new plural pronoun out of Proto-Germanic *jīz that originally was already plural. Pronunciation: /jɔːl/, /jɔl/, /jɑl/ 1. To use the pronoun "y'all" (to). Labels: ambitransitive, informal Example: She blithely maintained that she could have smiled magnolias and "y'alled" her way out of any tight spots. Example: With his swarthy complexion and jet black, straight hair, Louis was actually quite dashing. He wore his expensively cut clothes and heavy rings well, too. Besides his short stature, his most noticeable peculiarity was that he had a voice like Lytton Strachey's, which moved alarmingly, in the middle of a sentence, or sometimes halfway through a word, from a booming bass to the high-pitched, almost whistling soprano of a boy whose voice has not yet broken. As he y'alled and drawled ...
Word: y'all Part of Speech: det Etymology: Contraction of you all, and/or from Scots ye aw. Attested since at least 1631. Compare Dutch jullie (originally jij lui (literally “you people”)) for a similar development of a new plural pronoun out of Proto-Germanic *jīz that originally was already plural. Pronunciation: /jɔːl/, /jɔl/, /jɑl/ 1. The group spoken or written to. Example: Have y'all ladies finished eating? 2. Your pl; y'all's Example: I need y'all help for a minute.
Word: verbal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Old French verbal, from Late Latin verbālis (“belonging to a word”). Equivalent to verb + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈvɜː.bəl/, [ˈvɜː.bɫ̩], /ˈvɝ.bəl/, [ˈvɝ.bɫ̩] 1. Of or relating to words. Labels: not-comparable 2. Concerned with the words, rather than the substance of a text. Labels: not-comparable 3. Consisting of words only. Labels: not-comparable Example: We subjoin an engraving […] which will give the reader a far better notion of the structure than any verbal description could convey to the mind. Example: It was not a verbal remark, but a proceeding in dumb-show 4. Expressly spoken rather than written; oral. Labels: not-comparable Example: a verbal contract Example: a verbal testimony 5. Derived from, or having the nature of a verb. Labels: not-comparable 6. Used to form a verb. Labels: not-comparable 7. Capable of speech. Labels: not-comparable Example: How do these language problems affect the behaviour of verbal children? 8. Word for word. Labels: not-comparable Example: a verbal translation 9. Abounding with words; verbose. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: You put me to forget a lady’s manners By being so verbal; and learn now, for all, That I, which know my heart, do here pronounce By th’ very truth of it, I care not for you
Word: verbal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French verbal, from Late Latin verbālis (“belonging to a word”). Equivalent to verb + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈvɜː.bəl/, [ˈvɜː.bɫ̩], /ˈvɝ.bəl/, [ˈvɝ.bɫ̩] 1. A verb form which does not function as a predicate, or a word derived from a verb. In English, infinitives, participles and gerunds are verbals. Labels: countable 2. A spoken confession given to police. Labels: Ireland, UK, countable Example: They were convicted on the evidence of an agent provocateur named Richard Seary, backed up by police verbals from three police officers who gave evidence of six verbals in which the three accused were supposed to have admitted their guilt. 3. Talk; speech, especially banter or scolding. Labels: Ireland, UK, colloquial, uncountable Example: We'd give him a bit of verbal, out would come the bouncers, chucking their weight about, and it would all end in a right tear-up.
Word: verbal Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French verbal, from Late Latin verbālis (“belonging to a word”). Equivalent to verb + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈvɜː.bəl/, [ˈvɜː.bɫ̩], /ˈvɝ.bəl/, [ˈvɝ.bɫ̩] 1. To allege (usually falsely) that someone has made an oral admission. Labels: Australia, UK, transitive Example: The problem of 'verballing' is unlikely to disappear, whatever the legal status of the person detained. Example: Condren had always claimed that he was assaulted and verballed by police over the murder he had supposedly confessed to committing. Specifically, Condren claimed that he had been subjected to assault and intimidation prior to making a police record of interview, that the record of interview was largely fabricated by police, and that the oral admissions which police claimed he had made prior to the record of interview were also fabricated.
Word: boot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English boote, bote (“shoe”), from Old French bote (“a high, thick shoe”). Of obscure origin, but probably related to Old French bot (“club-foot”), bot (“fat, short, blunt”), from Old Frankish *butt, from Proto-Germanic *buttaz, *butaz (“cut off, short, numb, blunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewt-, *bʰewd- (“to strike, push, shock”); if so, a doublet of butt. Compare Old Norse butt (“stump”), Low German butt (“blunt, plump”), Old English bytt (“small piece of land”), buttuc (“end”). More at buttock and debut. Pronunciation: /buːt/, /bʉwt/, /but/, /bʉːt/, /bʉt/ 1. To kick. Labels: transitive Example: I booted the ball toward my teammate. Example: You nearly booted me in the face! 2. To put boots on, especially for riding. Example: Coated and booted for it. 3. To step on the accelerator of a vehicle for faster acceleration than usual or to drive faster than usual. Labels: Canada, US, colloquial, usually Example: The storm is coming fast! Boot it! Example: We had to boot it all the way there to get to our flight on time. 4. To eject; kick out. Labels: informal Example: We need to boot those troublemakers as soon as possible. Example: The senator was booted from the committee for unethical behavior. 5. To disconnect forcibly; to eject from an online service, conversation, etc. Labels: informal Example: As an IRC member with operator status, Swallow was able to manage who was allowed to remain in chat sessions and who got booted off the channel. Example: Even flagrant violators of the TOS are not booted. 6. To vomit. Labels: slang Example: Sorry, I didn’t mean to boot all over your couch. 7. To shoot, to kill by gunfire. Labels: Multicultural-London-English, slang Example: C4 run man through the alley Get a man down with the swammy Get a man down with the whammy Boot couple niggas on the road No face no case with the bally (booting)
Word: boot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English boote, bote, bot, from Old English bōt (“help, relief, advantage”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōtu, from Proto-Germanic *bōtō (“atonement, improvement”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰed- (“good”). Akin to Old Norse bót (“bettering, remedy”) (Danish bod), Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰 (bōta), German Buße. Doublet of bote (a borrowing from Middle English). Pronunciation: /buːt/, /bʉwt/, /but/, /bʉːt/, /bʉt/ 1. Remedy, amends. Labels: archaic, countable, dialectal, uncountable Example: Thou art boot for many a bruise / And healest many a wound. Example: next her Son, our soul's best boot 2. Profit, plunder. Labels: uncountable 3. That which is given to make an exchange equal, or to make up for the deficiency of value in one of the things exchanged; compensation; recompense. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I'll give you boot, I'll give you three for one. Example: If mortgaged property is transferred, the amount of the mortgage is part of the boot. If both parties to the transaction transfer mortgages to each other, the party giving up the larger debt treats the excess as taxable boot. 4. Profit; gain; advantage; use. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Then talk no more of flight, it is no boot. 5. Repair work; the act of fixing structures or buildings. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 6. A medicinal cure or remedy. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: boot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English boote, bote, bot, from Old English bōt (“help, relief, advantage”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōtu, from Proto-Germanic *bōtō (“atonement, improvement”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰed- (“good”). Akin to Old Norse bót (“bettering, remedy”) (Danish bod), Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰 (bōta), German Buße. Doublet of bote (a borrowing from Middle English). Pronunciation: /buːt/, /bʉwt/, /but/, /bʉːt/, /bʉt/ 1. To be beneficial, to help. Labels: archaic, impersonal, intransitive, transitive Example: It boots thee not to be compaſsionate, / After our ſentence, plaining comes too late. Example: It bootes me not to threat, I must ſpeake faire, / The legate of the Pope will be obeyd: […] 2. To matter; to be relevant. Labels: archaic, impersonal, intransitive Example: I will go and offer myſelf to this divorce—it boots not what becomes of me. Example: [W]hat subdued / To change like this, a mind so far imbued / With scorn of man, it little boots to know; [...] 3. To enrich. Labels: archaic, rare, transitive Example: And I will boot thee with what guift beſide / Thy modeſtie can begge.
Word: boot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of bootstrap. Pronunciation: /buːt/, /bʉwt/, /but/, /bʉːt/, /bʉt/ 1. The act or process of bootstrapping; the starting or re-starting of a computing device. Labels: archaic Example: It took three boots, but I finally got the application installed.
Word: boot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Clipping of bootstrap. Pronunciation: /buːt/, /bʉwt/, /but/, /bʉːt/, /bʉt/ 1. To bootstrap; to start a system, e.g. a computer, by invoking its boot process or bootstrap. Labels: archaic Example: When arriving at the office, the first thing I do is boot my machine.
Word: boot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From bootleg (“to make or sell illegally”), by shortening. Pronunciation: /buːt/, /bʉwt/, /but/, /bʉːt/, /bʉt/ 1. A bootleg recording. Labels: archaic, informal Example: I am looking to trade Iron Maiden boots. I have many Iron Maiden bootlegs. I have lots of Metallica. I trade CDR's, tapes and videos.
Word: chronology Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek χρόνος (khrónos)bor. English chrono- Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logĭ́ā)bor. Latin -logialbor. French -logiebor. English -logy English chronology From chrono- (“relating to time”) + -logy (“study of, account of”), after New Latin chronologia from Ancient Greek χρόνος (khrónos, “time”) + λόγος (lógos, “reason, explanation”). Literally "time reason" in Modern Greek. Pronunciation: /kɹəˈnɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/, /kɹəˈnɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ 1. The science of determining the order in which events occurred. Labels: uncountable 2. An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements. Labels: countable Example: The film's chronology is not entirely obvious, but can be worked out by the clothes the characters are wearing in the scenes.
Word: metaphor Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French métaphore, from Latin metaphora, from Ancient Greek μεταφορά (metaphorá), from μεταφέρω (metaphérō, “to transfer, apply”), from μετά (metá, “with, across, after”) + φέρω (phérō, “to bear, carry”). Pronunciation: /ˈmɛt.ə.fə/, /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔː/, /ˈmɛt.ə.foɹ/, [ˈmɛɾ.ə.foɹ], /ˈmɛt.ə.fɚ/ 1. The use of a word, phrase, concept, or set of concepts to refer to something other than its literal meaning, invoking an implicit similarity between the thing described and what is denoted by the word, etc., that is used. Labels: rhetoric, uncountable Example: The next group of computational approaches to metaphor assume that metaphor is basically a hidden analogy. 2. A word or phrase used in such implied comparison. Labels: countable, rhetoric Example: A Metaphor, in place of proper words, Resemblance puts; and dress to speech affords. Example: A Metaphor may be changed into a Simile, and also into plain language, containing neither metaphor nor simile. Thus: Metaphor. — Idleness is the rust of the soul. Simile. — As rust is to iron, so is idleness to the soul, taking away its strength and power of resistance. Plain. — Idleness takes away from the soul its strength and power of resistance. 3. The use of an everyday object or concept to represent an underlying facet of the computer and thus aid users in performing tasks. Labels: countable Example: desktop metaphor, wastebasket metaphor
Word: metaphor Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French métaphore, from Latin metaphora, from Ancient Greek μεταφορά (metaphorá), from μεταφέρω (metaphérō, “to transfer, apply”), from μετά (metá, “with, across, after”) + φέρω (phérō, “to bear, carry”). Pronunciation: /ˈmɛt.ə.fə/, /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔː/, /ˈmɛt.ə.foɹ/, [ˈmɛɾ.ə.foɹ], /ˈmɛt.ə.fɚ/ 1. To use a metaphor. Labels: intransitive 2. To describe by means of a metaphor. Labels: transitive
Word: simile Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin simile (“comparison, likeness, parallel”) (first attested 1393), originally from simile, neuter form of similis (“like, similar, resembling”). Compare English similar. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪməli/, /ˈsəməli/, /ˈsɪməle/, /-lɪ/, /-li/ 1. A figure of speech in which one thing is explicitly compared to another, using e.g. like or as. Labels: countable, rhetoric, uncountable Example: He made a simile of George the third to Nebuchadnezzar, and of the prince regent to Belshazzar, and insisted that the prince represented the latter in not paying much attention to what had happened to kings […] Example: The second was a fancy, which amounts to a mania, for similes, strung together in endless lists, and derived as a rule from animals, vegetables, or minerals, especially from the Fauna and Flora of fancy. 2. Similarity or resemblance to something else; likeness, similitude. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Something similar that's not a clone. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: figure of speech Part of Speech: noun 1. A word or phrase that intentionally deviates from ordinary language use to produce a rhetorical effect. Labels: rhetoric 2. A turn of phrase that is not intended to be interpreted literally, but is used solely as a rhetorical device for the purpose of facilitating effective and nuanced communication. Labels: broadly Example: I hope you didn't take it the wrong way, that was a figure of speech.
Word: pronominal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Late Latin prōnōminālis, from Latin prōnōmen, prōnōminis. By surface analysis, pro- + nominal. Pronunciation: /pɹəʊˈnɒmɪnəl/ 1. Of, pertaining to, resembling, or functioning as a pronoun. Example: Neither of these pronominal compounds was found in current sources.
Word: pronominal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Late Latin prōnōminālis, from Latin prōnōmen, prōnōminis. By surface analysis, pro- + nominal. Pronunciation: /pɹəʊˈnɒmɪnəl/ 1. A phrase that acts as a pronoun.
Word: neologism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French néologisme, from Ancient Greek νέος (néos, “new”) + λόγος (lógos, “word”) + -ism. Pronunciation: /niːˈɒləd͡ʒɪzəm/, /niˈɑləˌd͡ʒɪzəm/ 1. A word or phrase which has recently been coined; a new word or phrase. Labels: countable Example: These neologisms demonstrate the cumulative quality of language, in which we use the known to describe the unknown. 2. An existing word or phrase which has gained a new meaning. Labels: broadly, countable 3. The act or instance of coining, or uttering a new word. Labels: uncountable Example: Neologizing, the practice of coining new words, may seem to be an arcane, specialized activity, but it's everywhere -- and the skillful employment of neologism is what gives English much of its verve. 4. The newly coined, meaningless words or phrases of someone with a psychosis, usually schizophrenia. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Synonym of neology. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable
Word: let's Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Contraction of let us. Compare non-contracted Dutch laat ons, German lass uns (speaker with one other person) / lasst uns (speaker with more other persons) and Swedish låt oss. Pronunciation: /lɛts/ 1. Used to form the cohortative of verbs, equivalent of the first-person plural imperative in some other languages. Example: Let’s eat lunch sometime, shall we? Example: I say let’s dance. 2. Used to form the hortative of verbs, equivalent of the second-person plural imperative in some other languages, chiefly instructional Example: Let’s make sure we don’t forget proper punctuation, let's not let those mistakes happen again. Example: Hey guys, let’s check to make sure that we proofread.
Word: distend Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is- Proto-Italic *dis- Latin dis- Proto-Indo-European *ten- Proto-Indo-European *tend- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *téndeti Proto-Italic *tendō Latin tendō Latin distendōbor. English distend Borrowed from Latin distendō. Pronunciation: /dɪˈstɛnd/ 1. To extend or expand, as from internal pressure; to swell Labels: intransitive Example: Then came the arrowy flight and form of the hurricane itself—its actual bulk—its imbodied power, pressing along through the forest in a gyratory progress, not fifty yards wide, never distending in width, yet capriciously winding from right to left and left to right. Example: I begin to hate the theater, the feeling wickedly distended by histrionics, all the old gestures, clutchings, tears, and applications. 2. To extend; to stretch out; to spread out. Labels: archaic, reflexive, transitive Example: These impure and frail matters are conteined within the angust concave of the Lunar Orb, above which with uninterrupted Series the things Celestial distend themselves. Example: But say, what mean those coloured streaks in heaven / Distended as the brow of God appeased? 3. To cause to swell. Labels: transitive 4. To cause gravidity.