nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: lag Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Of unknown origin. Possibly of North Germanic origin. Pronunciation: /ˈlæɡ/, [ˈlæɡ], /ˈleɪ̯ɡ/, [ˈleɪ̯ɡ] 1. A gap, a delay; an interval created by something not keeping up; a latency. Labels: countable Example: Although this work is now presented to the world at large, people who read through it before publication severally raised some issues that should be addressed. These resolve around the lag between the field research and the publication of the monograph, a period of rather more than two decades; the use or non-use of various academic forms of terminology, frames of reference, modes of analysis, or "theoretical paradigms"; and my use of the present tense to describe a place that is most certainly not that way now. Example: During the Second World War, for instance, the Washington Senators had a starting rotation that included four knuckleball pitchers. But, still, I think that some of that was just a generational lag. 2. Delay; latency. Labels: uncountable Example: Whatever the symptom, lag is a drag. But what causes it? One cause is delays in getting the data from your PC to the game server. Example: When the lag is low, 2 or 3 seconds perhaps, Internet chatters seem reasonably content. 3. One sentenced to transportation for a crime. Labels: Ireland, UK, archaic, countable, slang, uncountable 4. A prisoner, a criminal. Labels: Ireland, UK, countable, slang, uncountable Example: On both these occasions I had ended up behind the bars, and you might suppose that an old lag like myself would have been getting used to it by now. Example: He sat with his great head tipped forward, scowling with a lag's sullenness, and I swear he had closed off his hearing with his thinking and hadn't heard us coming. 'Father,' said Pym. 5. A period of imprisonment. Labels: countable, slang, uncountable Example: I wasn't scared any more; the second lag wasn't easy, but I wasn't really scared of anything. […] So in my later lags, when I walked into prison everyone had heard about me. 6. A method of deciding which player is to start. Both players simultaneously strike a cue ball from the baulk line to hit the top cushion and rebound down the table; the player whose ball finishes closest to the baulk cushion wins. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. One who lags; that which comes in last. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the lag of all the flock 8. The fag-end; the rump; hence, the lowest class. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The reſt of your Fees, O Gods, the Senators of Athens, together with the common lagge of People, what is amiſſe in them, you Gods, make ſuteable for deſtruction. 9. A stave of a cask, drum, etc.; especially (engineering) one of the narrow boards or staves forming the covering of a cylindrical object, such as a boiler, or the cylinder of a carding machine or steam engine. Labels: countable, uncountable 10. Clipping of lag screw. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, uncountable 11. A bird, the greylag. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: lag Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Of unknown origin. Possibly of North Germanic origin. Pronunciation: /ˈlæɡ/, [ˈlæɡ], /ˈleɪ̯ɡ/, [ˈleɪ̯ɡ] 1. To fail to keep up (the pace), to fall behind. Example: Behind her farre away a Dwarfe did lag, / That lasie seemd in being ever last, / Or wearied with bearing of her bag / Of needments at his backe. Example: Lazy beast! / Why last art thou now? Thou hast never used / To lag thus hindmost 2. To cover (for example, pipes) with felt strips or similar material. Example: Spun glass mattresses are used for lagging the boiler, which has three Ross pop safety valves on the front ring. Example: Outside seems old enough: / Red brick, lagged pipes, and someone walking by it / Out to the car park, free. 3. To respond slowly. Labels: informal Example: My phone is starting to lag. 4. To transport as a punishment for crime. Labels: UK, archaic, slang Example: She lags us if we poach. 5. To arrest or apprehend. Labels: UK, archaic, slang Example: "We must get the old dear out," said Lord Roxton to Malone. "He'll be had for manslaughter if we don't. What I mean, he's not responsible - he'll sock someone and be lagged for it." 6. To slacken Labels: transitive Example: Interest in the scandal will never lag. Example: The weight would lagge thee that art wont to flye.
Word: lagging Part of Speech: adj Etymology: from lag 1. falling behind, not keeping up the pace 2. Occurring after; indicating the later phase of Example: A leading wave is one which reaches its maximum value before another, which is thus a lagging wave
Word: lagging Part of Speech: noun Etymology: from lag 1. The covering of something with strips of felt, wood etc, either as insulation or for protection. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. The material so used. Labels: uncountable, usually 3. A prison sentence, originally one of at least three years. Labels: countable, slang, usually Example: "Whether you'll get a nine or a lagging depends on the answer you give me, Mrs. Inglethorne."
Word: lagging Part of Speech: verb Etymology: from lag 1. present participle and gerund of lag Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: electrolysis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined by English polymath William Whewell in 1834 for Michael Faraday. From electro- + -lysis (“a loosening”). Originally of tumors, later (1909) of hair removal. Pronunciation: /ɪlɛkˈtɹɒləsɪs/ 1. The chemical change produced by passing an electric current through a conducting solution or a molten salt. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: But current leakage in a Tube tunnel can cause electrolysis to occur in steel retaining walls, which in turn causes them to rust; it could also damage the foundations of nearby buildings. 2. The destruction of hair roots by means of an electric current. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: miserable Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French miserable, from Old French, from Latin miserabilis, equivalent to miser + -able. Pronunciation: /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ 1. In a state of misery: very sad, ill, or poor. Example: Thanks to that penny he had just spent so recklessly [on a newspaper] he would pass a happy hour, taken, for once, out of his anxious, despondent, miserable self. It irritated him shrewdly to know that these moments of respite from carking care would not be shared with his poor wife, with careworn, troubled Ellen. Example: With some of it on the south and more of it on the north of the great main thoroughfare that connects Aldgate and the East India Docks, St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. 2. Very bad (at something); unskilled, incompetent; hopeless. Example: He's good at some sports, like tennis, but he's just miserable at football. 3. Of the weather, extremely unpleasant due to being cold, wet, overcast, etc. 4. Wretched; worthless; mean; contemptible. Example: a miserable sinner Example: In a month's collecting at Wonosalem and Djapannan I accumulated ninety-eight species of birds, but a most miserable lot of insects. 5. Causing unhappiness or misery. Labels: obsolete Example: For what's more miserable than discontent? 6. Avaricious; niggardly; miserly. Labels: obsolete Example: the liberal-hearted man is by the opinion of the prodigal miserable, and by the judgment of the miserable lavish 7. Negative minded, unpleasant to be around.
Word: miserable Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French miserable, from Old French, from Latin miserabilis, equivalent to miser + -able. Pronunciation: /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ 1. A miserable person; a wretch. Example: Dona Carmen repaired to the balcony to chat and jest with, and at, these miserables, who stopped before the door to rest in their progress. All pretended poverty while literally groaning under the weight of their riches. Example: The charge that those who played Jesus in these representations were treated badly by the plays' Jews and Romans left one commissioner cold: in his view, these miserables were beaten much less severely by the players than they were by their actual lords or curacas. 2. A state of misery or melancholy. Labels: in-plural, informal, with-definite-article Example: By 3:00 P.M. both DeeDee and Sandra's pants were thoroughly soaked, and this unhappy circumstance gave DeeDee a bad case of the miserables.
Word: ASPI Part of Speech: name 1. Initialism of Advanced SCSI Peripheral Interface. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: lesion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English lesioun (“physical injuring of the body”), from Old French lesion (“hurt, offense, wrong, injury, wound”), from Latin laesiō (“hurt, harm, injury”) (whence -ion (“noun suffix denoting action, result, process, state, condition”)), from laesus (“hurt, injured, wounded, damaged”), past participle of laedō (“to strike, collide, hurt”). Pronunciation: /ˈliːʒən/, [ˈlɪi̯ʒən] ~ [ˈlɪi̯ʒn̩] 1. A wound or injury. 2. An infected or otherwise injured or diseased organ or part, especially such on a patch of skin. 3. Any compound formed from damage to a nucleic acid. 4. Injury or an unfair imbalance in a commutative contract wherein the consideration is less than half of the market value, which then serves as a basis for the injured party to sue to rescind the agreement.
Word: lesion Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English lesioun (“physical injuring of the body”), from Old French lesion (“hurt, offense, wrong, injury, wound”), from Latin laesiō (“hurt, harm, injury”) (whence -ion (“noun suffix denoting action, result, process, state, condition”)), from laesus (“hurt, injured, wounded, damaged”), past participle of laedō (“to strike, collide, hurt”). Pronunciation: /ˈliːʒən/, [ˈlɪi̯ʒən] ~ [ˈlɪi̯ʒn̩] 1. To wound or injure, especially in an experiment or other controlled procedure. Labels: transitive
Word: seiche Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Swiss French seiche, perhaps from German Seiche (“sinking”). Pronunciation: /seɪʃ/, /sit͡ʃ/ 1. A short-term standing wave oscillation of the water level in a lake, or other confined body of water such as a fjord, characteristic of its geometry. Example: In September 2023, we detected the start of a 9-day-long, global . . . very-long-period seismic signal, originating from East Greenland. . . .this event started with a glacial thinning-induced rock-ice avalanche of 25 million cubic meters plunging into Dickson Fjord, triggering a 200-meter-high tsunami. Simulations show that the tsunami stabilized into a 7-meter-high long-duration seiche with a frequency. . .and slow amplitude decay that were nearly identical to the seismic signal. An oscillating, fjord-transverse single force . . . reproduced the seismic amplitudes and their radiation pattern relative to the fjord, demonstrating how a seiche directly caused the 9-day-long seismic signal.
Word: plumber block Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of plummer block Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: plumbery Part of Speech: noun Etymology: French plomberie. 1. The business of a plumber; plumbing Labels: obsolete, uncountable 2. A place where plumbing is carried out Labels: countable
Word: austrine Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin austrinus, from auster (“south”). 1. Southern; southerly; austral. Labels: obsolete
Word: Austro-Hungarian Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Austro- + Hungarian, after Austria-Hungary. Pronunciation: /ˌɒs.trəʊ.hʌŋˈɡɛəɹi.ən/, /ˌɔs.troʊ.hʌŋˈɡɛɹi.ən/, /ˌɑs.troʊ.hʌŋˈɡɛɹi.ən/ 1. Of, from or pertaining to Austria-Hungary. Labels: historical, not-comparable
Word: Austro-Hungarian Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Austro- + Hungarian, after Austria-Hungary. Pronunciation: /ˌɒs.trəʊ.hʌŋˈɡɛəɹi.ən/, /ˌɔs.troʊ.hʌŋˈɡɛɹi.ən/, /ˌɑs.troʊ.hʌŋˈɡɛɹi.ən/ 1. A person from Austria-Hungary. Labels: historical
Word: balm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English bawme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Middle French baume, from Old French basme, from Latin balsamum, itself from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon). Spelling modified 16th c. to conform to Latin etymology. Doublet of balsam and desman. Pronunciation: /bɑːm/, /bɑm/, /bɔm/, /bɑlm/, /bɔlm/ 1. Any of various aromatic resins exuded from certain plants, especially trees of the genus Commiphora of Africa, Arabia and India and Myroxylon of South America. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. An aromatic preparation for embalming the dead. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A plant or tree yielding such substance. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Any soothing oil or lotion, especially an aromatic one. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Something soothing. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: Classical music is a sweet balm for our sorrows. Example: BEAT on, proud billows; Boreas blow; / Swell, curled waves, high as Jove's roof; / Your incivility doth ſhow, / That innocence is tempeſt proof; / Though ſurly Nereus frown, my thoughts are calm; / Then ſtrike, Affliction, for thy wounds are balm. [Attributed to Roger L'Estrange (1616–1704).] 6. The lemon balm, Melissa officinalis. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. Any of a number of other aromatic herbs with a similar citrus-like scent, such as bee balm and horsebalm. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: balm Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Inherited from Middle English bawme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Middle French baume, from Old French basme, from Latin balsamum, itself from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon). Spelling modified 16th c. to conform to Latin etymology. Doublet of balsam and desman. Pronunciation: /bɑːm/, /bɑm/, /bɔm/, /bɑlm/, /bɔlm/ 1. To anoint with balm, or with anything medicinal. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: Shrouded in cloth of state, balmed and entreasured / With full bags of spices! 2. To soothe; to mitigate. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: This rest might yet have balmed thy broken sinews
Word: garnet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English gernet, granate, from Old French grenate, from grenat (“pomegranate red”). Doublet of grenade. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɑː(ɹ).nət/ 1. A hard transparent mineral that is often used as gemstones and abrasives. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: On the back of one cover BRADSHAW, in beryls, was encrusted; on the back of the other, A.B.C. GUIDE, in amethysts, beryls, chrysoprases, and garnets. Example: How many needles Betty Flanders had lost there! and her garnet brooch. 2. A dark red color, like that of the gemstone. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: garnet Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English gernet, granate, from Old French grenate, from grenat (“pomegranate red”). Doublet of grenade. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɑː(ɹ).nət/ 1. Of a dark red colour.
Word: garnet Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈɡɑː(ɹ).nət/ 1. A tackle for hoisting cargo in or out of a vessel. Example: Using a garnet for the lower-deck guns on the lower deck: Lash the centre of the yard to the mast, and hook both burtons to support the yard.
Word: garnet Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈɡɑː(ɹ).nət/ 1. To shred (twisted wool fiber, rags, etc.) so that it can be reused. Labels: transitive
Word: cyborg Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of cybernetic + organism. Coined by Austrian neuroscientist Manfred Clynes in 1960. Pronunciation: /ˈsaɪ.bɔː(ɹ)ɡ/, /ˈsaɪ.boɹɡ/ 1. A being which is part machine and part organic. Example: I would not classify the Tin Woodman as magical robot, but more of a magical cyborg, if anything. Example: Prof. Clynes is a published poet and author of five books. He coined the word "cyborg". He also coined the word "sentics" to describe a new science entirely of his own devising. 2. A human, animal or other being with electronic or bionic prostheses.
Word: cyborg Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Blend of cybernetic + organism. Coined by Austrian neuroscientist Manfred Clynes in 1960. Pronunciation: /ˈsaɪ.bɔː(ɹ)ɡ/, /ˈsaɪ.boɹɡ/ 1. To convert (something) into a cyborg.
Word: beryl Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English beryl, from Old French beril, from Latin bērillus, bēryllus, from Ancient Greek βήρυλλος (bḗrullos, “beryl”), in turn borrowed from Middle Indic forms like Pali veḷuriya or Prakrit 𑀯𑁂𑀭𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀅 (verulia), from Dravidian, probably named after Velur (modern day Belur) in southern India. Pronunciation: /ˈbɛɹ.əl/ 1. A mineral of pegmatite deposits, often used as a gemstone (molecular formula Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈). Labels: uncountable Example: The sunset had been magnificent, and the Thames was floating in dark radiance; the waves wearing that transparent clearness, which gives more the idea of melted beryl, than aught else: every little circle in the water had that trembling light which characterises precious stones. Example: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade. 2. An example (a stone) of the mineral beryl. Labels: countable Example: The crown was set with six beryls of excellent size and color. Example: The appearance of the wheels and their work was like unto the colour of a beryl […] 3. A dull blueish green color. Labels: uncountable
Word: beryl Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Inherited from Middle English beryl, from Old French beril, from Latin bērillus, bēryllus, from Ancient Greek βήρυλλος (bḗrullos, “beryl”), in turn borrowed from Middle Indic forms like Pali veḷuriya or Prakrit 𑀯𑁂𑀭𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀅 (verulia), from Dravidian, probably named after Velur (modern day Belur) in southern India. Pronunciation: /ˈbɛɹ.əl/ 1. Of a dull bluish green colour. Labels: not-comparable
Word: excuse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causa Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin excūsāreder. Old French escuserder. Middle English excusen ▲ Latin excūsāreder. Old French excuseder. Middle English excuse English excuse From Middle English excusen (verb) and excuse (noun), borrowed from Old French escuser (verb) and excuse (noun), from Latin excūsō, excūsāre (“to excuse, allege in excuse, literally, free from a charge”), from ex (“out”) + causa (“a charge”); see cause, accuse and recuse. Displaced native Old English lād (“an excuse”) and lādian (“to excuse”). Pronunciation: /ɪkˈskjuːz/, /ɛksˈkjuːz/, /ɪksˈkjuz/, /ɛksˈkjuz/ 1. To forgive; to pardon; to overlook. Labels: transitive Example: I excused him his transgressions. Example: Yet his Nature / In that’s no Changeling, and I muſt excuſe / What cannot be amended. 2. To allow to leave, or release from any obligation. Labels: transitive Example: May I be excused from the table? Example: I excused myself from the proceedings to think over what I'd heard. 3. To provide an excuse for; to justify. Labels: transitive Example: You know he shouldn't have done it, so don't try to excuse his behavior! Example: They cannot be excusyd By reason nor by law; […] 4. To relieve of an imputation by apology or defense; to make apology for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon or indulgence for. Example: Agayne / thynke ye that we excuſe oure ſelves? we ſpeake in Chriſt in the ſight of God. But we do all thyngꝭ dearly beloved for youre edifyinge. Example: It were more meet that thou didst accuse thy self, and excusedst thy Brother.
Word: excuse Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causa Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin excūsāreder. Old French escuserder. Middle English excusen ▲ Latin excūsāreder. Old French excuseder. Middle English excuse English excuse From Middle English excusen (verb) and excuse (noun), borrowed from Old French escuser (verb) and excuse (noun), from Latin excūsō, excūsāre (“to excuse, allege in excuse, literally, free from a charge”), from ex (“out”) + causa (“a charge”); see cause, accuse and recuse. Displaced native Old English lād (“an excuse”) and lādian (“to excuse”). Pronunciation: /ɪkˈskjuːs/, /ɛksˈkjuːs/, /ɪksˈkjus/, /ɛksˈkjus/ 1. An explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgment; a plea offered in extenuation of a fault. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Tell me why you were late – and I don't want to hear any excuses! Example: I had to make an excuse for being late to the meeting. 2. A defense to a criminal or civil charge wherein the accused party admits to doing acts for which legal consequences would normally be appropriate, but asserts that special circumstances relieve that party of culpability for having done those acts. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An example of something that is substandard or of inferior quality. Labels: countable, often, uncountable Example: That thing is a poor excuse for a gingerbread man. Hasn't anyone taught you how to bake? Example: He's a sorry excuse for a doctor.
Word: brisance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French brisant, present participle of briser (“to break”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɹiːzɑ̃s/ 1. The shattering effect of the energy released in an explosion. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He thought he knew being aflame. But this was sustained explosion, reaching now and then a quite unendurable brisance.
Word: bion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Back-formation from bionic. Pronunciation: /ˈbaɪɒn/ 1. A cyborg or robot.
Word: bion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der. Ancient Greek βῐ́ος (bĭ́os) Ancient Greek βῐο- (bĭo-)der. English bio- English -on English bion From bio- + -on. Pronunciation: /ˈbaɪɒn/ 1. The smallest microscopic unit of orgone.
Word: bionic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Blend of bio- + electronic. The superhuman sense is attributed to the TV shows The Six Million Dollar Man (1973–1978) and The Bionic Woman (1976–1978). Pronunciation: /ˈbɪˌɒn.ɪk/ 1. Related to bionics. Labels: not-comparable 2. Having been enhanced by electronic, mechanical, or mechatronical parts; cyborg. 3. Superhuman. Example: Now baby, don't you know that our rhymes are so bionic / Don't listen too hard, don't be supersonic Example: Entering womanhood is awesome, but the learning, growing, and obstacle facing are not going to stop. As you grow into womanhood, it's going to seem as if the world wants you to be bionic—be stronger, faster, and smarter.
Word: balrog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Sindarin, a fictional language created by J.R.R. Tolkien, meaning something akin to "mighty demon". Pronunciation: /ˈbɔːl.ɹɒɡ/, /ˈbal.ɹɒɡ/, /ˈbɔl.ɹɑɡ/, /ˈbɑl.ɹɑɡ/, /ˈbæl.ɹɑɡ/ 1. A fiery demonic creature. Example: The Balrog made no answer. The fire in it seemed to die, but the darkness grew. It stepped forward slowly on to the bridge, and suddenly it drew itself up to a great height, and its wings were spread from wall to wall […] Example: What was released was a demon, a balrog of pure sexual energy which had been denied for too long.
Word: often Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English often, alteration (with final -n added due to analogy with Middle English selden (“seldom”)) of Middle English ofte, oft, from Old English oft (“often”), from Proto-Germanic *ufta, *uftō (“often”). Cognates Cognate with Scots affen, aften, af'en, oaffen, oaften, oftin (“often”), North Frisian aaft, oftem, oofting (“often”), Saterland Frisian oafte (“often”), German, Luxembourgish and Pennsylvania German oft (“often”), Yiddish אָפֿט (oft, “often”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk ofte (“often”), Faroese, Swedish ofta (“often”), Icelandic oft (“often”), Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 (ufta, “often”). Pronunciation: /ˈɒfən/, /ˈɒftən/, /ˈɔːfən/, /ˈɔːftən/, /ˈɔfən/ 1. Frequently; many times on different occasions. Example: I often walk to work when the weather is nice. Example: I’ve been going to the movies more often since a new theatre opened near me.
Word: often Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English often, alteration (with final -n added due to analogy with Middle English selden (“seldom”)) of Middle English ofte, oft, from Old English oft (“often”), from Proto-Germanic *ufta, *uftō (“often”). Cognates Cognate with Scots affen, aften, af'en, oaffen, oaften, oftin (“often”), North Frisian aaft, oftem, oofting (“often”), Saterland Frisian oafte (“often”), German, Luxembourgish and Pennsylvania German oft (“often”), Yiddish אָפֿט (oft, “often”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk ofte (“often”), Faroese, Swedish ofta (“often”), Icelandic oft (“often”), Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 (ufta, “often”). Pronunciation: /ˈɒfən/, /ˈɒftən/, /ˈɔːfən/, /ˈɔːftən/, /ˈɔfən/ 1. Frequent. Labels: archaic Example: […] it is a melancholy of mine own, compounded of many simples, extracted from many objects, and, indeed, the sundry contemplation of my travels; in which my often rumination wraps me in a most humorous sadness. Example: 1618, Anthony Munday (translator), The Third Booke of Amadis de Gaule by Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts (1542), London, Chapter 2, p. 18, Then came the Ladies to visite him, and the Queene gaue him most gracious welcome, desiring him to be of good cheere: For heere is my Daughter (quoth she) right skilfull in the Art of Chirurgerie, that meanes to bee your often visitant.
Word: double cousin Part of Speech: noun 1. A cousin who is related on both sides of a family. A relative with four common grandparents.
Word: gollumish Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English Gollum Proto-Indo-European *-iskos Proto-Germanic *-iskaz Proto-West Germanic *-isk Old English -isċ Middle English -ish English -ish English gollumish From Gollum + -ish. 1. Having similar traits to the fictional character Gollum, including obsessiveness, sinisterness or talking in an unusual manner often punctuated by hissing sounds. Labels: informal Example: 2003: "I do feel a bit Gollumish about it…" —alt.support.low-carb, 12 Nov 2003 Example: 2004: "With the gollumish Tony Blair never far away, urging him on, George W Bush doggedly climbed his own Mt Doom and thrust the Coalition of the Willing into the fire – along with a few thousand apparently expendable human lives." —The New Zealand Listener, Vol 191, "2003 reloaded", 27 Jan 2004
Word: peccary Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Kari'na pakira (“collared peccary”), from Proto-Cariban *pakira. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛk.ə.ɹi/ 1. Any of the family Tayassuidae of mammals from the Americas, related to pigs. Example: He says he drank rainwater collected in his shoes and ate worms and insects while hiding from jaguars and peccaries, a type of pig-like mammal.
Word: hormone Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ὁρμή (hormḗ) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Ancient Greek -άω (-áō) Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn)lbor. English hormone Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, to urge on”), from ὁρμή (hormḗ, “rapid motion forwards, onrush, onset, assault, impulse to do a thing, effort”). Pronunciation: /ˈhɔːməʊn/, /ˈhoɹmoʊn/ 1. Any substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity. Example: Interfemale dominance may be facilitated by female sex hormones as well as adrenal testosterone... Example: Hormones are the bicycle couriers of the body, delivering chemical messages all around the teeming metropolis that is you. 2. A synthetic compound with the same activity. Example: Tumours of the adrenal cortex which secreted feminizing hormones […] Example: Gender-affirming hormone therapy may involve testosterone for trans people assigned female at birth (AFAB) and estradiol and anti-androgens for trans people AMAB. 3. A synthetic compound with the same activity. Labels: colloquial, plural-normally Example: I'm going to be going to slightly higher doses of hormones soon. 4. Any similar substance in plants.
Word: hormone Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ὁρμή (hormḗ) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Ancient Greek -άω (-áō) Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn)lbor. English hormone Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, to urge on”), from ὁρμή (hormḗ, “rapid motion forwards, onrush, onset, assault, impulse to do a thing, effort”). Pronunciation: /ˈhɔːməʊn/, /ˈhoɹmoʊn/ 1. To treat with hormones. Labels: colloquial, transitive
Word: spy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English spien, aphetic variant of earlier espien (“to espy”), from Old French espier (“to spy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to spy”), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”). Akin to German spähen (“to spy”), Dutch spieden (“to spy”). The noun displaced native Old English sċēawere (literally “watcher”), which was also the word for "mirror." In this sense, the verb displaced Old English sċēawian, which was also the word for "to watch" and became the Modern English word show. Distant cognate vie PIE with Latin speculātor, Ancient Greek κατάσκοπος (katáskopos). Compare typologically Russian согляда́тай (sogljadátaj) (akin to гляде́ть (gljadétʹ)). Pronunciation: /spaɪ/ 1. A person who secretly watches and examines the actions of other individuals or organizations and gathers information on them (usually to gain an advantage). Example: The dead leap at the throat, destroy The meaning of the day; dark forms Have scaled your walls, and spies betray Old secrets to amorphous swarms. Example: Even without hovering drones, a lurking assassin, a thumping score and a denouement, the real-life story of Edward Snowden, a rogue spy on the run, could be straight out of the cinema. But, as with Hollywood, the subplots and exotic locations may distract from the real message: America’s discomfort and its foes’ glee. 2. A defensive player assigned to cover an offensive backfield player man-to-man when they are expected to engage in a running play, but the offensive player does not run with the ball immediately.
Word: spy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English spien, aphetic variant of earlier espien (“to espy”), from Old French espier (“to spy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to spy”), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”). Akin to German spähen (“to spy”), Dutch spieden (“to spy”). The noun displaced native Old English sċēawere (literally “watcher”), which was also the word for "mirror." In this sense, the verb displaced Old English sċēawian, which was also the word for "to watch" and became the Modern English word show. Distant cognate vie PIE with Latin speculātor, Ancient Greek κατάσκοπος (katáskopos). Compare typologically Russian согляда́тай (sogljadátaj) (akin to гляде́ть (gljadétʹ)). Pronunciation: /spaɪ/ 1. To act as a spy. Labels: intransitive Example: During the Cold War, Russia and America would each spy on each other for recon. 2. To spot; to catch sight of; to espy. Labels: transitive Example: I think I can spy that hot guy coming over here. Example: VVherefore lift up your heads, brethren, and look about vvith your eyes, ſpy vvhat things are to be reformed in the Church of England. 3. To search narrowly; to scrutinize. Labels: intransitive Example: (As I confeſſe it is my Natures plague / To ſpy into Abuſes, and of my iealouſie / Shapes faults that are not) 4. To explore; to see; to view; inspect and examine secretly, as a country. Labels: transitive
Word: PITI payment Part of Speech: noun 1. The amount paid per month in Principal, Interest, Taxes and Insurance for a given property. Used in determining the debt/income ratio. Example: You can't afford this house. Your PITI payment would be too high for your income.
Word: stengah Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Malay se tengah (“one half”). Pronunciation: /ˈstɛŋ.(ɡ)ə/ 1. A drink of whisky and soda. Labels: Malaysia Example: “Push the boat out, Adams,” said Hart. “Stengah for me.” Example: "It gives you the Tuan touch. You learn to clap your hands to summon your coloured servants, instead of yelling...to drink stengahs, instead of plain whisky, to speak of lunch as tiffin...God help us!" He chuckled deeply.
Word: category Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥-th₂der.? Proto-Hellenic *kətá Ancient Greek κᾰτᾰ́ (kătắ) Ancient Greek κᾰτᾰ- (kătă-) Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- Proto-Indo-European *h₂goréh₂ Proto-Hellenic *agorā́ Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (ăgorā́) Ancient Greek -εύς (-eús) Ancient Greek -εύω (-eúō) Ancient Greek ἀγορεύω (agoreúō) Ancient Greek κᾰτήγορος (kătḗgoros) Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *-eyéti Proto-Indo-European *-esyéti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Ancient Greek -έω (-éō) Ancient Greek κᾰτηγορέω (kătēgoréō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek κᾰτηγορῐ́ᾱ (kătēgorĭ́ā)bor. Late Latin catēgoriader. Middle French categorie French catégoriebor. Middle English English category Late Middle English, borrowed from French catégorie, from Middle French categorie, from Late Latin catēgoria (“class of predicables”), from Ancient Greek κατηγορία (katēgoría, “head of predicables”). Doublet of categoria. Pronunciation: /ˈkæ.tɪ.ɡə.ɹi/, /-ɡɹi/, /ˈkæ.tɪˌɡɔ.ɹi/, [ˈkʰæ.ɾəˌɡɔ.ɹi], /ˈkæ.təˌɡɔ.ɹi/ 1. A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria. Example: This steep and dangerous climb belongs to the most difficult category. Example: I wouldn’t put this book in the same category as the author’s first novel. 2. A collection of objects, together with a transitively closed collection of composable arrows between them, such that every object has an identity arrow, and such that arrow composition is associative. Example: One well-known category has sets as objects and functions as arrows. Example: Just as a monoid consists of an underlying set with a binary operation "on top of it" which is closed, associative and with an identity, a category consists of an underlying digraph with an arrow composition operation "on top of it" which is transitively closed, associative, and with an identity at each object. In fact, a category's composition operation, when restricted to a single one of its objects, turns that object's set of arrows (which would all be loops) into a monoid.
Word: relax Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English relaxen, from Old French relaxer, from Latin relaxāre (“relax, loosen, open”), from re- (“back”) + laxāre (“loosen”), from laxus (“loose, free”). By surface analysis, re- + lax (“open, free, loose”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈlæks/ 1. To make something loose. Labels: transitive Example: to relax a rope or cord Example: to relax the muscles or sinews 2. To make something loose. Labels: dated, transitive Example: An aperient relaxes the bowels. 3. To become loose. Labels: intransitive 4. To relieve (someone or someone's mind) of stress; to enable to rest; to calm down. Labels: transitive Example: Amusement relaxes the mind. 5. To rest and become relieved of stress. Labels: intransitive Example: I like to relax by listening to music. Example: I relax in the living room. 6. To make something less severe or tense. Labels: transitive Example: to relax discipline Example: to relax one's attention or endeavours 7. To become less severe or tense. Labels: intransitive Example: Tensions between the two countries have relaxed somewhat in recent weeks. 8. To make something (such as codes and regulations) more lenient. Labels: transitive Example: The statute of mortmain[…] was at several times relaxed by the legislature. Example: The Court rejected the contention that the doctrine of sovereign immunity should be relaxed as inapplicable to suits for specific relief as distinguished from damage suits, saying: "The Government, as representative of the community as a whole, cannot be stopped in its tracks by any plaintiff who presents a disputed question of property or contract right." 9. To become more lenient. Labels: intransitive
Word: presentation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French presentation (French présentation), from Latin praesentātiōnem, accusative singular of praesentātiō (“representation, exhibition”). Morphologically present + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, /ˌpɹizn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, /pɹisɛnˈteɪʃən/ 1. The act of presenting, or something presented. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Prayers are sometimes a presentation of mere desires. 2. The outward appearance or representation of a person or thing to the human mind. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Listen, James...with the ways that you speak, dress, and comport yourself, is it any wonder to you that your presentation to young ladies as a possible mate is , to say the least, lacking? 3. A dramatic performance. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. An award given to someone on a special occasion. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Money given as a wedding gift. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A lecture or speech given in front of an audience. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A slideshow created on a computer. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. The symptoms, signs, and other possible indications of disease, trauma, etc., that are exhibited by a patient who has sought, or has otherwise come to, the attention of a physician. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The presentation of the thirty-four-year-old male in the emergency room was slight fever, dilated pupils, and marked disorientation. 9. The position of the foetus in the uterus at birth. Labels: countable, uncountable 10. Gender presentation; gender expression. Labels: countable, mainly, uncountable 11. Offering one's blade for engagement by the opponent. Labels: countable, uncountable 12. The specification of a group by generators and relators. Labels: countable, uncountable 13. The act or right of offering a clergyman to the bishop or ordinary for institution in a benefice. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: If the bishop admits the patron's presentation, the clerk so admitted is next to be instituted by him. 14. The preparation of antigen fragments during the immune response. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: claim Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English claimen, borrowed from Old French clamer (“to call, name, send for”), from Latin clāmō, clāmāre (“to call, cry out”), from Proto-Italic *klāmāō, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to shout”), which is imitative. See also Lithuanian kalba (“language”), Old English hlōwan (“to low, make a noise like a cow”), Old High German halan (“to call”), Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō, “to call, convoke”), κλέδον (klédon, “report, fame”), κέλαδος (kélados, “noise”), Middle Irish cailech (“cock”), Latin calō (“to call out, announce solemnly”), Sanskrit उषःकल (uṣaḥkala, “cock”, literally “dawn-calling”). Cognate with Spanish llamar and clamar. Pronunciation: /kleɪm/ 1. A demand of ownership made for something. Example: a claim of ownership Example: a claim of victory 2. The thing claimed. 3. The right or ground of demanding. Example: You don't have any claim on my time, since I'm no longer your employee. 4. A new statement of something one believes to be the truth, usually when the statement has yet to be verified or without valid evidence provided. Example: The company's share price dropped amid claims of accounting fraud. Example: Bailey, in using accents, felt that he was 'directing to their proper pronuntiation' and showing 'the Orthoepia of the English Tongue' (title page, Dictionarium Britannicum, 1730 edition). The claim is ridiculous. 5. A demand of ownership for previously unowned land. Example: Miners had to stake their claims during the gold rush. 6. A legal demand for compensation or damages.
Word: claim Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English claimen, borrowed from Old French clamer (“to call, name, send for”), from Latin clāmō, clāmāre (“to call, cry out”), from Proto-Italic *klāmāō, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to shout”), which is imitative. See also Lithuanian kalba (“language”), Old English hlōwan (“to low, make a noise like a cow”), Old High German halan (“to call”), Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō, “to call, convoke”), κλέδον (klédon, “report, fame”), κέλαδος (kélados, “noise”), Middle Irish cailech (“cock”), Latin calō (“to call out, announce solemnly”), Sanskrit उषःकल (uṣaḥkala, “cock”, literally “dawn-calling”). Cognate with Spanish llamar and clamar. Pronunciation: /kleɪm/ 1. To demand ownership of. Example: Jeffrey Chuang, an economics student at University College London, said: "I am for independence. I do not think China has any right to claim Taiwan. We have confidence in our country and we know that China is not capable of doing anything to us." 2. To state a new fact, typically without providing evidence to prove it is true. 3. To demand ownership or right to use for land. 4. To demand compensation or damages through the courts. 5. To be entitled to anything; to deduce a right or title; to have a claim. Labels: intransitive Example: We must know how the first ruler, from whom any one claims, came by his authority, upon what ground any one has empire 6. To cause the loss of. Example: The attacks claimed the lives of five people. Example: A fire claimed two homes. 7. To win as a prize in a sport or competition. Example: He claimed $100 after winning the top spot. 8. To proclaim. Labels: obsolete 9. To call or name. Labels: archaic Example: Nor all, that else through all the world is named[…] / Might like to this be clamed.
Word: repeat Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English repeten, from Old French repeter, from Latin repetō, from the prefix re- (“again”) + petō (“to attack, beseech”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈpiːt/, /ɹɪˈpit/ 1. To do or say again (and again). Labels: transitive Example: The scientists repeated the experiment in order to confirm the result. Example: I'll tell you my secret, but first promise me you won't repeat it to anyone else! 2. To refill (a prescription). Labels: transitive 3. To happen again; recur. Labels: intransitive Example: A day like that has not yet repeated itself. 4. To echo the words of (a person). Labels: transitive Example: Their rationale with repeating me was that the prior program had not been of sufficient quality to teach me the error of my ways. 5. To strike the hours, as a watch does. Labels: intransitive 6. To make trial of again; to undergo or encounter again. Labels: obsolete Example: He[…] repeats the danger of the burning town. 7. To repay or refund (an excess received). Labels: Scotland 8. To call in a previous artillery fire mission with the same ammunition and method either on the coordinates or adjusted either because destruction of the target was insufficient or missed. Example: Add 100, left 50. Repeat, over. Example: Use "say again" instead of repeat on the radio. Repeat will bring in artillery fire. 9. To commit fraud in an election by voting more than once for the same candidate.
Word: repeat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English repeten, from Old French repeter, from Latin repetō, from the prefix re- (“again”) + petō (“to attack, beseech”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈpiːt/, /ɹɪˈpit/, /ˈɹi.pit/ 1. An iteration; a repetition. Example: We gave up after the third repeat because it got boring. Example: "You have just sent a telegram to Brookbend Cottage," he said to the young lady behind the brasswork lattice. "We think it may have come inaccurately and should like a repeat." 2. A television program shown after its initial presentation; a rerun. 3. A refill of a prescription. 4. A pattern of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout a genome (or of amino acids in a protein). 5. A mark in music notation directing a part to be repeated.
Word: wordsmithing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English wordsmith Middle English -ynge English -ing English wordsmithing From wordsmith (verb) + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈwɜːdsmɪθɪŋ/, /ˈwɝdˌsmɪθɪŋ/ 1. gerund of wordsmith: The work of a wordsmith; skilful use of words; the making of changes to a text to improve clarity and style, as opposed to content. Labels: form-of, gerund, uncountable Example: We’ve drafted an agreement, but there’s still a bit of wordsmithing left to do.
Word: wordsmithing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English wordsmith Middle English -ynge English -ing English wordsmithing From wordsmith (verb) + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈwɜːdsmɪθɪŋ/, /ˈwɝdˌsmɪθɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of wordsmith Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: observe Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French observer, from Old French observer, from Latin observō (“to watch”), from ob- (“before”) + servō (“to keep”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to guard”). Cognate with Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌰 (sarwa, “weapons, armour”), Old English searu (“device”). Pronunciation: /əbˈzɜːv/, /ɒbˈzɜːv/, /əbˈzɝv/ 1. To notice or view, especially carefully or with attention to detail. Labels: transitive Example: From this vantage point we can observe the behavior of the animals in their natural habitat. Example: She got up before dawn to observe the lunar eclipse. 2. To follow or obey the custom, practice, or rules (especially of a religion). Labels: transitive Example: Please observe all posted speed limits. Example: Some of them have, in fact, given them a theoretical elaboration which for subtlety, refinement, and elegance need make no apologies to the older economics, and which remains faithful to older theorizing in at least one respect, that the tradition of unintelligibility to the layman is scrupulously observed. 3. To take note of and celebrate (a holiday or similar occurrence), to keep; to follow (a type of time or calendar reckoning). Labels: transitive Example: Ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread. Example: On Sunday, most of Canada will observe daylight time and spring forward an hour in order to reflect the increasing sunlight. 4. To comment on something; to make an observation. Labels: intransitive Example: The senator observed that the bill would be detrimental to his constituents. Example: Again, I farther obſerve, that as man is a compound being, ſo this renders him capable of ſeveral diſtinct kinds of pleaſure [...]
Word: observe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French observer, from Old French observer, from Latin observō (“to watch”), from ob- (“before”) + servō (“to keep”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to guard”). Cognate with Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌰 (sarwa, “weapons, armour”), Old English searu (“device”). Pronunciation: /əbˈzɜːv/, /ɒbˈzɜːv/, /əbˈzɝv/ 1. An observation (remark, comment or judgement). Labels: archaic Example: “It sticks in my mind that he would take it very ill,” says Alan. “But the little man cried to me to run, and indeed I thought it was a good observe, and ran. The last that I saw they were all in a knot upon the beach, like folk that were not agreeing very well together.”