nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: enlighten Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Formerly also inlighten, from Middle English enlightenen, inlightnen, a hybrid formed from inlighten (“to enlighten, illuminate”), from Old English inlīhtan, onlīhtan, enlīhtan (“to enlighten, illuminate, give light to, give sight to”) and lightnen (“to enlighten, illuminate”) (equivalent to light + -en). Cognate with Dutch inlichten (“to enlighten, inform”), Old High German inliuhten (“to enlighten, illuminate”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (inliuhtjan, “to enlighten, illuminate”). More at inlight, -en. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈlaɪtən/, /ənˈlaɪtən/, /ɛnˈlaɪtən/ 1. To supply with light. Labels: transitive Example: The sun enlightens the Earth. 2. To make something clear to (someone); to give knowledge or understanding to. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: She tried to enlighten them about the rules of the program, but they remained belligerently and self-righteously ignorant. Example: Care to enlighten me, if you think I'm so benighted?
Word: enlightenment Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English enlighten Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom Proto-Italic *-mentom Latin -mentum Old French -mentbor. Middle English -ment English -ment English enlightenment From enlighten + -ment. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈlaɪtənmənt/, /ənˈlaɪtənmənt/, /-laɪtmənt/ 1. An act of enlightening, or the state of being enlightened or instructed. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A concept in spirituality, philosophy and psychology related to achieving clarity of perception, reason and knowledge. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: But the man who has attained enlightenment sees that the apparent reality is mere illusion, or, as was said a couple of thousand years later, that there is nothing good nor bad but thinking makes it so. Example: Thus Django becomes the carrier of the “public use of one's reason”—the Kantian road to enlightenment given to him by the German “Forty-Eighter” dentist–turned-bounty hunter Dr. “King” Schultz, and represents the fictive, allohistorical beginning of the battle against slavery and racism in the United States.
Word: enmity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in- Proto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der. Proto-Italic *amāō Latin amō Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -īcus Latin amīcus Latin inimīcus Vulgar Latin *inimicitas Old French enemistébor. Middle English enemyte English enmity From Middle English enemyte, from Old French enemisté, ennemistié, from Late Latin, Vulgar Latin *inimīcitās, *inimīcitātem, from Latin inimīcus (“enemy”). Cognate with French inimitié, Portuguese inimizade, Spanish enemistad. By surface analysis, en(e)m(y) + -ity. Pronunciation: /ˈɛn.mɪ.ti/, /ˈɛm.nɪ.ti/ 1. The quality of being an enemy; a hostile or unfriendly disposition. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We know from their literature that to our Saxon ancestors waste places of moor and forest and marshes were the resort of a host of supernatural creatures at enmity with mankind. Example: Some later Muses from Ionia and Sicily reckoned it safest to weave together both versions and say that that which is both many and one, held together by both enmity and amity. 2. A state or feeling of opposition, hostility, hatred or animosity. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I merely repeat, remember always your duty of enmity towards Man and all his ways. Example: Maybe only a system that can contain the deep enmity between people who spell the metal aluminum and those who spell it aluminium is up to the task of preserving our fragile democratic institutions.
Word: enrage Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French enrager, enragier, from rage. Equivalent to en- + rage. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈɹeɪd͡ʒ/ 1. To become angry or wild. Labels: intransitive 2. To fill with rage; to outrage; to provoke to frenzy; to make furious. Labels: transitive 3. To provoke to madness, to make insane. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: La[dy Macbeth]. I pray you ſpeake not: he growes worſe & worſe Queſtion enrages him: at once, goodnight. […] Len[nox]. Good night, and better health Attend his Maieſty.
Word: enshrine Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Italic *en Proto-Italic *en- Latin in- Old French en-bor. Middle English en- English en- English shrine English enshrine From en- + shrine. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈʃɹaɪn/, /ɪnˈʃɹʌɪn/, /ɛnˈʃɹʌɪn/ 1. To enclose (a sacred relic etc.) in a shrine or chest. Labels: transitive Example: A Phœnix, gaz'd by all, as that ſole Bird / When, to enſhrine his reliques in the Sun’s / Bright temple, to Ægyptian Theb's he flies. 2. To preserve or cherish (something) as though in a shrine; to preserve or contain, especially with some reverence. Labels: broadly, transitive Example: Warlike and Martiall Talbot, Burgonie / Inſhrines thee in his heart, and there erects / Thy noble Deeds, as Valors Monuments. Example: The minister knew well that he was himself enshrined within the stainless sanctity of her heart, which hung its snowy curtains about his image, imparting to religion the warmth of love, and to love a religious purity. 3. To protect (an idea, ideal, or philosophy) within an official law or treaty. Labels: figuratively Example: Other measures, such as compensation for victims, will be enshrined in the proposed new law. Example: The links were mostly to newspaper articles and public records, and Google refused to comply, but with the “right to be forgotten” enshrined as a key objective of the European Union’s 2011 data protection strategy, more and bigger cases are likely to follow.
Word: ensnarl Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Italic *en Proto-Italic *en- Latin in- Old French en-bor. Middle English en- English en- English snarl English ensnarl From en- + snarl. Pronunciation: /ɛnˈsnɑː(ɹ)l/ 1. To entangle; to trap. Example: They in awayt would closely him ensnarle, / Ere to his den he backward could recoyle, / And so would hope him easily to foyle.
Word: ensure Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English ensuren, from Anglo-Norman enseurer, from Old French seur (“sure”). Doublet of insure. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈʃɔː(ɹ)/, /ɪnˈʃʊə(ɹ)/, /ɪnˈʃʊɹ/, /ɪnˈʃɝ/ 1. To make sure or certain of something (usually some future event or condition). Labels: intransitive Example: I use an alarm clock to ensure that I get up on time. Example: British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far. 2. To make a pledge to (someone); to promise, guarantee (someone of something); to assure. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Thenne he cryed hym mercy and sayd Faire knyght for goddes loue slee me not / and I shall ensure the neuer werre ageynst thy lady / but be alwey toward her / Thenne Bors lete hym be
Word: enswathe Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Italic *en Proto-Italic *en- Latin in- Old French en-bor. Middle English en- English en- English swathe English enswathe From en- + swathe. Pronunciation: /ɛnˈsweɪð/ 1. To swathe or envelop (someone or something), as in swaddling clothes. Labels: transitive Example: Sooner Earth / Might go round Heaven, and the strait girth of Time / Inswathe the fulness of Eternity, / Than language grasp the infinite of Love.
Word: enthusiastic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐνθουσιαστικός (enthousiastikós), from either ἐνθουσιασμός (enthousiasmós) or ἐνθουσιάζω (enthousiázō) + -τικός (-tikós). Pronunciation: /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/, /ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/ 1. With zealous fervor; excited, motivated. Example: an enthusiastic lover of art Example: a young man […] of a visionary and enthusiastic character 2. Relating to enthusiasm, or divine possession.
Word: entreat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The verb is derived from Late Middle English entreten (“to deal with (someone) in a specified way; to concern oneself with (something); to deal with or give an account of (a topic); to engage in negotiation; to intercede for (someone); to plead with (someone)”), from Anglo-Norman entraiter, entretier (“to concern oneself with (something); to deal with (someone) in a specified manner; to have a conversation with (someone); to negotiate (with someone, or about something)”), Middle French entraiter, entraictier, and Old French entraictier (“to have a conversation with (someone); to concern oneself with (something)”), from en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’) + traiter (“to be concerned with (something); to treat (someone) in a specified way”) (from Latin tractāre, the present active infinitive of tractō (“to handle, manage; to drag, haul”), from trahō (“to drag, pull; etc.”) (see that entry for the further etymology) + -tō (frequentative suffix)). The noun is derived from Late Middle English entrete (“agreement; negotiation; treatment of a subject in discourse”), from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈtɹiːt/, /ɛn-/, /ɪnˈtɹit/ 1. Synonym of entreaty (“an act of asking earnestly or begging for something”); an appeal, a plea. Labels: obsolete Example: Let my entreats of Love prevail ſo far, / VVhen for your happineſſe they ſpoken are: / Be not a Captive to the vvorld, but be / One unto Heav'n, and that is to be free. Example: […] I began a little chat with my fair companion, who remained standing, notwithstanding my repeated entreates that she would be seated.
Word: enumeration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French énumeration (French énumération). By surface analysis, enumerate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌnjuːməˈɹeɪʃən/, /ɪˌnuːməˈɹeɪʃən/ 1. The act of enumerating, making separate mention, or recounting. 2. A detailed account, in which each thing is specially noticed. 3. A list; especially, a numbered list. Example: using the serial comma in enumerations 4. A recapitulation, in the peroration, of the heads of an argument. 5. A data type that allows variables to have any of a predefined set of values. Example: In Ada, enumeration literals are allowed to appear in more than one declaration in the same referencing environment.
Word: enunciation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin ēnuntiātiō. By surface analysis, enunciate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌnʌn.sɪˈeɪ.ʃən/, /ɪˌnʌn.ʃɪˈeɪ.ʃən/, /ɪˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of enunciating, announcing, proclaiming, or making known; open attestation; declaration. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: It was time for the enunciation of an important truth. 2. The mode of utterance or pronunciation, especially with regards to the fullness and distinctness of articulation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: She speaks with an impressively clear enunciation. 3. That which is enunciated or announced; words in which a proposition is expressed; formal declaration Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: enwreathe Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Italic *en Proto-Italic *en- Latin in- Old French en-bor. Middle English en- English en- English wreathe English enwreathe From en- + wreathe. 1. Alternative form of inwreathe. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: The ivy, clinging round that side of the old church, shone with its broad green leaves, which caught a double radiance from the moon and from the small diamond panes of the Gothic windows which the long drooping branches enwreathed.
Word: equalization Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English equal Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English equalize Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English equalization From equalize + -ation. 1. The act of equalizing, or state of being equalized. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The removal of the nebulous terms "gross indecency" and "indecent act" from the Criminal Code and their replacement by a specific listing of offences, and the equalization of penalties for all remaining homosexual and heterosexual acts 2. Maneuvers to balance the pressure in the middle ear with the outside pressure by letting air enter along the Eustachian tubes. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Repayment to an investor in a unit trust or OEIC of an increase in the unit price to cover the seller’s entitlement to income received from the underlying investments but not yet distributed to unit holders, repaid as part of the first distribution of income to that investor. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: equally Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English equal Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der. Proto-Germanic *līkąder. Proto-Germanic *-līkaz Proto-Germanic *-ê Proto-Germanic *-līkê Proto-West Germanic *-līkē Old English -līċe Middle English -ly English -ly English equally From equal + -ly. Pronunciation: /ˈiːkwəli/, /ˈiːkəli/ 1. In an equal manner; in equal shares or proportion; with equal and impartial justice; evenly Example: All citizens are equally taxed. Example: The pie was divided equally among the guests. 2. In equal degree or extent; just as. Example: The gas stations are equally far from the highway. Example: The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track.[…]Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible. 3. Used to link two or more coordinate elements Labels: conjunctive Example: John suffered setbacks at his job. Equally, Frank's business slowed.
Word: equator Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Late Latin (circulus) aequator (diei et noctis). Pronunciation: /ɪˈkweɪ.tə/, /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/, /iˈkweɪ.tɚ/ 1. An imaginary great circle around Earth, equidistant from the two poles, and dividing earth's surface into the northern and southern hemispheres. Example: Baishui is about as close to the equator as Tampa, Florida. 2. A similar great circle on any sphere, especially on a celestial body, or on another reasonably symmetrical three-dimensional body. 3. The midline of any generally spherical object, such as a fruit or vegetable, that has identifiable poles. Example: Slice the onion through the equator. 4. The celestial equator.
Word: vituperative Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Formed from vituperātus, perfect passive participle of Latin vituperō (“to blame, to censure”) + -ive; by surface analysis, vituperate + -ive. Pronunciation: /vɪˈt͡ʃuːpɹətɪv/, /vaɪˈt͡ʃuːpɹətɪv/, /vɪˈtjuːpɹətɪv/, /vaɪˈtjuːpɹətɪv/, /vəˈtuːpɚətɪv/ 1. Marked by harsh abuse; abusive, often with ranting or railing. Example: Floris gave the play a vituperative review laced with frequent personal insults. Example: […] ten times in a day calling the child of his prayers TRISTRAM!—Melancholy dissyllable of sound! which, to his ears, was unison to Nincompoop, and every name vituperative under heaven.
Word: equitation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French équitation. 1. The art, practice or act of horseriding. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: equivocal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Late Latin aequivocus + -al, from aequus + vocō. By surface analysis, equi- + vocal. Pronunciation: /əˈkwɪvəkəl/, /ɪˈkwɪvək(ə)l/ 1. Having two or more equally applicable meanings; capable of double or multiple interpretation. Example: equivocal words Example: an equivocal sentence 2. Capable of being ascribed to different motives, or of signifying opposite feelings, purposes, or characters; deserving to be suspected. Example: His actions are equivocal. Example: equivocal repentances 3. Uncertain, as an indication or sign. Example: How equivocal a test.
Word: equivocal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Late Latin aequivocus + -al, from aequus + vocō. By surface analysis, equi- + vocal. Pronunciation: /əˈkwɪvəkəl/, /ɪˈkwɪvək(ə)l/ 1. A word or expression capable of different meanings; an ambiguous term. Example: Some equivocals are merely ambiguous. Sharp is an example. It is equivocal since it is appropriate to call different types of things 'sharp' though what it is for them to be sharp differs.
Word: equivocation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: c. 1380, from Middle English equivocacion, from Old French equivocation, from Medieval Latin aequivocātiō, from aequivocō, from Late Latin aequivocus (“ambiguous, equivocal”), from Latin aequus (“equal”) + vocō (“call”); a calque of Ancient Greek ὁμωνυμία (homōnumía). Pronunciation: /ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃən/, /ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃn̩/, /əˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃn/ 1. A logical fallacy resulting from the use of multiple meanings of a single expression. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The use of expressions susceptible of a double signification, possibly intentionally and with the aim of misleading. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Federal courts have mostly ruled against the executive branch in such cases. The equivocation that has characterized the [Trump] administration’s legal responses to date is turning into objection and refusal.
Word: eradication Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin ērādīcātiō, from ērādīcō + -tiō, from ē- (“out”) + rādīx (“root”) + -ō. Equivalent to eradicate + -ion or e- (“without”) + radication. 1. The act of plucking up by the roots; an uprooting or rooting out; extirpation; utter destruction. 2. The state of being plucked up by the roots.
Word: Erse Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Scots Erse (“Irish”), from earlier Ersche, Ersch, a contraction of Erisch, Erische (“Irish”), from Middle English Erische, Irische, Irisch (“Irish”). Doublet of Irish. Compare also Scots Irisch. 1. Either of the Gaelic languages of Ireland and Scotland. Labels: dated, offensive, sometimes, uncountable Example: Two points which appeal to the writer are that the stations of origin and of destination are printed (in Erse and English) once only and then are summarised at the foot, [...]. [...] Clar Chloinne Mhuiris is the Erse original of Claremorris, and Dublin appears as Baile Atha Cliath. Example: Now he's just sung in his mother tongue, the ancient Irish Erse, and cleared the pub completely by the forty-second verse!
Word: Erse Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Scots Erse (“Irish”), from earlier Ersche, Ersch, a contraction of Erisch, Erische (“Irish”), from Middle English Erische, Irische, Irisch (“Irish”). Doublet of Irish. Compare also Scots Irisch. 1. Connected with Ireland or the Highlands of Scotland, or to the Gaelic languages spoken in those places. Labels: dated, not-comparable, offensive, sometimes
Word: esplanade Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1590s, from French esplanade (“clear, level space”), from either Spanish esplanada (explanada), form of esplanar (“to flatten, to make level”) or Italian spianata, form of spianare (of the same meaning), both from Latin explānāre, from which English explain; see also plain (“level area, to flatten”). Pronunciation: /ˈɛspləˌneɪd/, /ˌɛspləˈnɑːd/, /ˈɛspləˌnɑd/ 1. A clear space between a citadel and the nearest houses of the town. 2. The glacis of the counterscarp, or the slope of the parapet of the covered way toward the country. 3. A grass plat; a lawn. 4. Any clear, level space used for public walks or drives; especially, a terrace by the seaside. 5. Grassy strips between two divided highway lanes; a traffic island. Labels: Texas
Word: espy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English aspie, espie (“covert investigation or observation, scouting, spying; information obtained through spying; secret and treacherous plan, plot; treachery; a scout or spy”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman espie, Old French espie, from espier (verb): see further at etymology 1. Cognates * Italian spia * Spanish espia Pronunciation: /ɪˈspaɪ/, /ɛ-/, /əˈspaɪ/ 1. An act of finding out or observing by spying or looking; an espial or espying. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Howe the right and lawes of the land / Were execute, and who durſt take in hand / To diſobey his ſtatutes and decrees, / If they were well kept in all countrees: / Of theſe he made ſubtile inueſtigation / Of his owne eſpie, and other mens relation. Example: When as the Eagle, Ioves great bird, did ſee her enemy, / Sharpe warre in th' ayre with beake ſhe did prepare / Gainſt Serpent feeding in the wood, after eſpy / Cauſe it her egges and young fiercely in peeces tare. 2. A scout or spy. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Hobomak as confidently aſſured vs it was falſe, and ſent his vvife as an eſpy to ſee; […] 3. The act or process of learning secret information through clandestine means; espionage. Labels: obsolete, uncountable
Word: ethology Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the Latin ēthologia (“the art of depicting or imitating character”), from the Ancient Greek ἠθολογία (ēthología, “painting of character, especially by mimic gestures”), from ἠθολόγος (ēthológos, “painting character by mimic gestures”), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, especially moral character”). Equivalent to etho- + -logy. Pronunciation: /iːˈθɒl.ə.dʒi/, /ɪˈθɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/, /iˈθɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ 1. The scientific study of animalian behavior, especially that of nonhuman animals. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The study of the human ethos. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: etch Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Dutch etsen (“to etch”), from German ätzen (“to etch”), from Old High German azzon (“to cause to bite or feed”), from Proto-Germanic *atjaną, causative of *etaną (“to eat”) (whence also English eat). Pronunciation: /ɛt͡ʃ/ 1. To cut into a surface with an acid or other corrosive substance in order to make a pattern. Best known as a technique for creating printing plates, but also used for decoration on metal, and, in modern industry, to make circuit boards. 2. To engrave a surface. 3. To make a lasting impression. Labels: figuratively Example: The memory of 9/11 is etched into my mind. 4. To sketch; to delineate. Example: There are many such empty terms to be found in some learned writers, to which they had recourse to etch out their system.
Word: etch Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɛt͡ʃ/ 1. Obsolete form of eddish. Labels: alt-of, obsolete Example: Black Oats are commonly sown upon an Etch Crop, or on a Lay which they plow up in January, when the Earth is moist, taking care to turn the Turf well, and to lay it even and flat.
Word: SubGenius Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *upó Proto-Italic *supo Latin sub Latin sub-der. English sub- English genius English SubGenius From sub- + genius. 1. A member of the Church of the SubGenius parody religion.
Word: etiquette Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1740, from French étiquette (“property, a little piece of paper, or a mark or title, affixed to a bag or bundle, expressing its contents, a label, ticket”), from Middle French estiquette (“ticket, memorandum”), from the Old French verb estechier, estichier, estequier (“to attach, stick”), (compare Picard estiquier (“to stick, pierce”)), from Frankish *stekan, *stikkjan (“to stick, pierce, sting”), from Proto-Germanic *stikaną, *stikōną, *staikijaną (“to be sharp, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp, to stab”). Akin to Old High German stehhan (“to stick, attach, nail”) (German stechen (“to stick”)), Old English stician (“to pierce, stab, be fastened”). The French Court of Louis XIV at Versailles used étiquettes (literally “little cards”) to remind courtiers to keep off of the grass and similar rules. More at stick (verb) and stitch. Doublet of ticket. Pronunciation: /ˈɛt.ɪˌkɛt/, /ˈɛt.ɪ.kɪt/, /ˌɛt.ɪˈkɛt/ 1. The manners or decent behaviour to be observed in social or professional life; conventional decorum; the ceremonial code of polite society. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 20 May 2018, Hadley Freeman in The Guardian, Is Meghan Markle the American the royals have needed all along? Much shock was expressed in the British press about the Palace’s utter failure to control the Markles and the Markles’ lack of etiquette. Example: Whenever Root would put his elbows on the table or clatter his dishes or commit any other breach of etiquette, the Professor would gently correct him. 2. The customary behavior of members of a profession, business, law, or sports team towards each other. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Cycling's complex etiquette contains an unwritten rule that riders in contention for a race win should not be penalised for sheer misfortune. 3. A label used to indicate that a letter is to be sent by airmail. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: eugenics Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined by Francis Galton in 1883. From ἐΰς (eǘs, “good”) + γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “breeding”), “well-bred”, “good in stock”. Parallel to Eugene. By surface analysis, eugenic + -s. Pronunciation: /juːˈd͡ʒɛnɪks/ 1. A social philosophy or practice which advocates the improvement of human hereditary qualities through selective breeding, either by encouraging people with superior genetic qualities to reproduce (positive eugenics), or discouraging people with inferior genetic qualities from reproducing (negative eugenics), or by technological means. Labels: uncountable Example: In keeping with the goals of the new eugenics movement, McCulloch was claiming to offer scientific evidence of the incorrigibility of poor rural whites. Example: The eugenics mania that swept the country in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to forced sterilizations and the passage of laws in 27 states designed to limit the numbers of those considered genetically unfit: immigrants, Jews, African-Americans, the mentally ill and those deemed “morally delinquent.”
Word: evacuate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First attested in 1526; borrowed from Latin ēvacuātus, the perfect passive participle of ēvacuō (“to empty out, evacuate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Pronunciation: /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/ 1. To leave or withdraw from; to quit; to retire from. Labels: transitive Example: The soldiers evacuated the fortress. Example: The firefighters told us to evacuate the area as the flames approached. 2. To cause (or help) to leave or withdraw from. Example: The firefighters decided to evacuate all the inhabitants from the street. Example: Early the next morning I set off on the long and hazardous trek through jungles and hills into Assam, and regretfully said "good-bye" to the gallant little Burma Railways, which had functioned to the last and played a big part in evacuating many thousands of refugees and wounded soldiers in the path of the rapidly advancing Japanese. 3. To make empty; to empty out; to remove the contents of, including to create a vacuum. Example: The scientist evacuated the chamber before filling it with nitrogen. 4. To make empty; to deprive. Labels: figuratively Example: Evacuate the Scriptures of their most important doctrines. 5. To remove; to eject; to void; to discharge, as the contents of a vessel, or of the bladder or the bowels (to stool). Example: In the living state, the body is observed to receive aliment; to assimilate a part; to evacuate what is redundant or useless; [...] 6. To make void; to nullify; to vacate. Example: to evacuate a contract or marriage Example: it would not evacuate a marriage after cohabitation and actual consummation
Word: evacuation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English evacuacioun, from Old French evacuation, from Late Latin ēvacuātiō. Equivalent to evacuate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/ 1. The act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion, especially for safety. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The peak of the record-breaking month came during the fourth week, when the railways were called upon to handle the transport side of the official evacuation from the London area. During the first seven days of this evacuation, 175 special trains left the main London termini carrying mothers and children to the safety of the countryside. Example: Roads on either side of the river Rhine will be closed as authorities seal off the large evacuation zone. The Unesco World Heritage Cologne Cathedral sits just outside the area. 2. Withdrawal of troops or civils from a town, country, fortress, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The operating difficulties of this evacuation movement were further intensified by the fact that Sunday, June 2, saw the movement of nearly 48,000 children in 70 trains from Kentish and other East Coast towns, and 32 of these trains originated on the Southern Railway. [...] Moreover, during the period of intensive B.E.F. evacuation, the British railways also carried some 20,000,000 passengers and over 6,000,000 tons of freight. 3. The act of emptying, clearing of the contents, or discharging, including creating a vacuum. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Voidance of any matter by the natural passages of the body or by an artificial opening; defecation; urination; also, a diminution of the fluids of an animal body by cathartics, venesection, or other means. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A large evening meal, deep sleep in a better bed than hers, a full evacuation, a hot bath (her own house had only a cold shower), a breakfast of bacon and eggs and sausages from Crabbe's boy — these had smoothed and restored her. 5. That which is evacuated or discharged; especially, a discharge by stool, urine or other natural means. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The Abſcess being broken an Ulcer is left behind, which may be known by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool 6. Abolition; nullification. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: evacuation of all Romish ceremonies
Word: evaluation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French évaluation. By surface analysis, evaluate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/ 1. An assessment, such as an annual personnel performance review used as the basis for a salary increase or bonus, or a summary of a particular situation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The result of the semestral evaluation will go towards your final score. 2. A completion of a mathematical operation; a valuation. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Determination of the value of a variable or expression. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: evangelization Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English evangelize Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English evangelization From evangelize + -ation. 1. The act of evangelizing; the state of being evangelized. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Their cooperation was really anticipated and their middle position gave evangelization a more disposing tone as the message could be given from native evangelizers too.
Word: evaporation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French évaporation, from Latin evaporatio. Morphologically evaporate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌvæpəˈɹeɪʃən/, /i-/ 1. The process of a liquid converting to the gaseous state. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: rate of evaporation Example: water evaporation 2. The process in which all or a portion of liquid (in a container) is turned into vapour, in order to increase the concentration of solid matter in the mixture. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. That which is evaporated; vapor. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable
Word: punitive Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French punitif, from Medieval Latin pūnitīvus, from pūniō (“to punish”). Pronunciation: /ˈpju.nɪ.tɪv/ 1. Inflicting punishment; punishing. Example: Beijing imposed punitive sanctions on Canada. Example: The jury awarded $10,000 in punitive damages.
Word: evisceration Part of Speech: noun 1. A disemboweling; the removal of viscera. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The evisceration of the animal was accomplished with a single blow of the knife. 2. A vigorous verbal or physical assault. Labels: broadly, countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: The critic delivered another evisceration of the latest movie. Example: If you were a Belgian, it was pretty and what you would have expected from your boys. If you were a Scot it was painful, an evisceration of McLeish's notion that his team were good enough to go "toe-to-toe" with the third best team in the world. Delusional.
Word: evocation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French évocation. 1. The act of calling out or forth, or evoking. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Schepisi makes it clear that the outlandish rules, the strict self-discipline, the body hatred, and erotophobia is destructive; it is doing no one any good. But since he is also presenting a (somewhat) loving evocation of his own past, this measure gets soft peddled. Example: a stunningly atmospheric evocation of urban ennui
Word: exact Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin exāctus (the verb via Middle English exact), perfect passive participle of exigō (“demand, claim as due; measure by a standard, weigh, test”), from ex (“out”) + agō (“drive”). Pronunciation: /ɪɡˈzækt/, /ɛɡ-/ 1. Precisely agreeing with a standard, a fact, or the truth; perfectly conforming; neither exceeding nor falling short in any respect. Example: The clock keeps exact time. Example: He paid the exact debt. 2. Habitually careful to agree with a standard, a rule, or a promise; accurate; methodical; punctual. Example: a man exact in observing an appointment Example: In my doings I was exact. 3. Precisely or definitely conceived or stated; strict. Example: An exact command, Larded with many several sorts of reason. 4. Such that the kernel of each morphism is the image of the preceding one. Labels: not-comparable 5. Such that it preserves short exact sequences. Labels: not-comparable
Word: exact Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin exāctus (the verb via Middle English exact), perfect passive participle of exigō (“demand, claim as due; measure by a standard, weigh, test”), from ex (“out”) + agō (“drive”). Pronunciation: /ɪɡˈzækt/, /ɛɡ-/ 1. To demand and enforce the payment or performance of, sometimes in a forcible or imperious way. Labels: ambitransitive Example: to exact tribute, fees, or obedience from someone Example: He said into them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you. 2. To make desirable or necessary. Labels: transitive Example: I vvait, Madam, / To knovv vvhat your commands are; my deſignes / Exact me in another place. 3. To inflict; to forcibly obtain or produce; to visit. Labels: transitive Example: to exact revenge on someone
Word: exact Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Latin exāctus (the verb via Middle English exact), perfect passive participle of exigō (“demand, claim as due; measure by a standard, weigh, test”), from ex (“out”) + agō (“drive”). Pronunciation: /ɪɡˈzækt/, /ɛɡ-/ 1. exactly Example: She's wearing the exact same sweater as I am!
Word: exaggeration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- Latin aggerō Latin exaggerō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin exaggerātiōbor. English exaggeration Borrowed from Latin exaggerātiō. Pronunciation: /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/ 1. The act of heaping or piling up. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The act of exaggerating; the act of doing or representing in an excessive manner; a going beyond the bounds of truth, reason, or justice; a hyperbolical representation; hyperbole; overstatement. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: They say he's a millionnaire, but that's a massive exaggeration. 3. A representation of things beyond natural life, in expression, beauty, power, vigor. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: exaltation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English exaltacioun, exaltatioun, from Old French exaltacion and Latin exaltātiō (“exaltation, elevation”), from exaltō (“raise, elevate, exalt”), from ex (“from, out of”) + altus (“high”). By surface analysis, exalt + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌɛɡ.zɔlˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of exalting or raising high; also, the state of being exalted; elevation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The irregular and undisciplined wars which it was her business to describe were naturally far more prolific of extraordinary incidents, unexpected turns of fortune, and striking displays of individual talent, and vice and virtue, than the more solemn movements of national hostility, where everything is in a great measure provided and foreseen, and where the inflexible subordination of rank, and the severe exactions of a limited duty, not only take away the inducement, but the opportunity, for those exaltations of personal feeling and adventure which produce the most lively interest, and lead to the most animating results. 2. A feeling of happiness so intense as to be carried away by it; joyful pride bordering on ecstasy, often resulting from acclaim or triumph. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The refinement or subtilization of a body, or the increasing of its virtue or principal property. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. That placement of a planet in the zodiac in which it is deemed to exert its strongest influence. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He often stood there in a muse until dusk fell, and then darkness, while once in a while the moon, ‘in her exaltation’ as the astrologers say, rose to remind him that such worldly musings meant nothing to the hostile universe without. 5. Apotheosis; becoming a god in the highest degree of glory after death. Labels: Mormonism, countable, uncountable Example: Those who obtain exaltation will gain all power and thus themselves be omnipotent […] Example: Mormon commentators have taken various position about whether people who have died could move from a lower degree of glory—what non-Mormons might call salvation—to a higher one and eventually reach exaltation and become gods. 6. The collective noun for larks. Labels: countable, uncommon, uncountable Example: "Oh, I, well, I too fell into error, for I frittered away my morning in stalking yonder exaltation of larks, thinking they were dunlin, and in doing so disturbed the only sord of mallards on the whole marsh." Example: In a sense, the editorial cartoons were correct when they suggested that an exaltation of larks can fly under the influence into an aspect of vulturous behavior. 7. An abnormal sense of personal well-being, power, or importance, observed as a symptom in various forms of insanity. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable
Word: exasperation Part of Speech: noun 1. The act of exasperating or the state of being exasperated; irritation; keen or bitter anger. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Alone between the sheets / only brings exasperation 2. Increase of violence or malignity; aggravation; exacerbation. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: excavation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin excavātiō (“a hollowing out”), from excavō (“to hollow out”), from ex + cavō (“to hollow out”), from cavus (“hollow”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“vault, hole”). Equivalent to excavate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ˌɛkskəˈveɪʃn/ 1. The act of excavating, or of making hollow, by cutting, scooping, or digging out a part of a solid mass. Labels: uncountable Example: Near-synonyms: hollowing out, hollowing 2. The act of excavating, or of making hollow, by cutting, scooping, or digging out a part of a solid mass. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A cavity formed by cutting, digging, or scooping. Labels: countable Example: Prof. Dainelli made a personal study of the lakes of the Upper Indus lying between its confluence with the Gilgit on the west and the plains of Kashmir on the east. From this district he cites fifty lakes and groups of lakes. Many of these are moraine-dammed, but some of the larger ones, as the Satpor Tso, the Tso Moriri, the Chiun Tso, and the group of lakes associated with the Pángong Tso, he considers to have originated by glacial excavation. 4. An uncovered cutting in the earth, in distinction from a covered cutting or tunnel. Labels: countable 5. The material dug out in making a channel or cavity. Labels: countable Example: […] to cart away the excavations from the work, and to recart the same back again so far as required to fill the trench over the sewer […] 6. Archaeological research that unearths buildings, tombs and objects of historical value. Labels: uncountable 7. A site where an archaeological exploration is being carried out. Labels: countable Example: Gregory led the excavations alongside marine archaeologist Andreas Kallmeyer Bloch, who is also a curator at the National Museum. “It’s been a long process and I’ve come close to giving up along the way, but this is undoubtedly the craziest archaeological excavation I’ve yet been part of,” Bloch said in the news release. 8. Something uncovered by archaeological excavation. Labels: countable Example: To date, [Taco's 1982 cover of Irving Berlin's 1935] "Cheek To Cheek" and similar auditory excavations have fared poorly. 9. The act of discovering and exposing or developing (a quality). Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: Chua looks at the landscape of childhood rather like a mining engineer looks at a pristine landscape—ripe for the excavation of talent. Example: This Andrade, a lawyer, seemed to enjoy bureucratic process as much as Mário de Andrade valorized the enthnographic excavation of creativity.
Word: except Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French excepter, from Latin exceptus. Pronunciation: /ɪkˈsɛpt/, /ɛkˈsɛpt/, /əkˈsɛpt/ 1. To exclude; to specify as being an exception. Labels: transitive Example: I find most people annoying — present company excepted, of course! Example: But this [ban on circumcision] must have been a provocation, as the emperor Antoninus Pius later acknowledged by excepting the Jews. 2. To take exception, to object (to or against). Labels: intransitive Example: to except to a witness or his testimony Example: Except thou wilt except against my love.
Word: except Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French excepter, from Latin exceptus. Pronunciation: /ɪkˈsɛpt/, /ɛkˈsɛpt/, /əkˈsɛpt/ 1. Used to introduce an exception or qualification to something previously stated. Example: There was nothing in the cupboard except a tin of beans. Example: Except that he is wearing polka-dot drawers, he is buck naked.
Word: except Part of Speech: conj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French excepter, from Latin exceptus. Pronunciation: /ɪkˈsɛpt/, /ɛkˈsɛpt/, /əkˈsɛpt/ 1. Used to introduce a clause, phrase, verb infinitive, adverb or other non-noun complement forming an exception or qualification to something previously stated. Example: You look a bit like my sister, except (that) she has longer hair. Example: I never made fun of her except teasingly. 2. Loosely, used to introduce a contrastive statement explaining why something wasn't successful, didn't happen, etc. Labels: informal Example: They fired tear gas at us, except the wind was blowing the wrong way. Example: I almost walked out, except I remembered the promise I had made. 3. Unless; used to introduce a hypothetical case in which an exception may exist. Labels: archaic Example: And they sayde: We have no moo but five loves and two fisshes, except we shulde goo and bye meate for all this people. Example: If I ſay ſooth, I muſt report they were / As Cannons ouer-charg'd with double Cracks, / So they doubly redoubled ſtroakes vpon the Foe: / Except they meant to bathe in reeking Wounds, / Or memorize another Golgotha, / I cannot tell: but I am faint, / My Gaſhes cry for helpe.
Word: exceptional Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti Proto-Italic *kapjō Old Latin kapiō Latin capiō Latin excipiō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin exceptiōder. Old French excepcion Anglo-Norman excepciounbor. Middle English exception English exception English -al English exceptional From exception + -al. Pronunciation: /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/, [ɪ-], [ɛ-] 1. Forming an exception; not ordinary; uncommon; rare. Example: What an exceptional meal! 2. Forming an exception; not ordinary; uncommon; rare. Example: The origins of the conditions and disorders that exceptional learners have are not always well understood. 3. Better than the average; superior due to exception or rarity. Example: The quality of the beer was exceptional. 4. Corresponding to something of lower dimension under a birational correspondence. Example: an exceptional curve; an exceptional divisor
Word: exceptional Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti Proto-Italic *kapjō Old Latin kapiō Latin capiō Latin excipiō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin exceptiōder. Old French excepcion Anglo-Norman excepciounbor. Middle English exception English exception English -al English exceptional From exception + -al. Pronunciation: /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/, [ɪ-], [ɛ-] 1. An exception, or something having an exceptional value Example: Above and beyond all these exceptionals, by reason of divergencies from the norms of mental and of physical status, there are quite a number of moral defectives.
Word: exigible Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French exigible, from Late Latin exigibilis, from exigō (“exact, execute”) + -ibilis. 1. That may be exacted; demandable; requirable. Example: an exigible tax
Word: excitation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English excitacion, excitacioun, from Old French excitation, from Latin excitātiō. Morphologically excite + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌɛksaɪˈteɪʃən/, /ˌɛksɪˈteɪʃən/ 1. The act of exciting or putting in motion; the act of rousing up or awakening. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Generator excitation is obtained by a combination of the separately-excited and self-excited fields, and the output is controlled by a resistance in the separate field circuit adjusted by the load regulator under the control of the engine governor. Example: Wheelslip automatically causes the main generator field excitation to be reduced; the load regulator is forced back to minimum excitation and, if operating in one of the two stages of traction motor field divert, causes reversion to full field. 2. The act of producing excitement (stimulation); also, the excitement produced. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Baiae: An ancient Roman pleasure resort [...]. It was the focal point of all kinds fo erotic experiments, unbridled debauchery, amorous intrigues and excitations, sexual encounters and aberrations. Example: These women are experts at flattery, cajolery and sexual excitation, and also possess unusual talents for stirring up quarrels, stimulating jealousies and spreading slander and malicious rumors. 3. The activity produced in an organ, tissue, or part, such as a nerve cell, as a result of stimulation. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A transition of a nucleus, atom or molecule to an excited state by the absorption of a quantum of energy; the opposite of relaxation. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: exclamation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French exclamation, from Latin exclāmātiō, from exclāmō (“to cry out”) + -tiō. Pronunciation: /ˌɛkskləˈmeɪʃn̩/ 1. A loud calling or crying out, for example as in surprise, pain, grief, joy, anger, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: "And now, my dearest Lucy, collect yourself, for all depends upon our own resources." Such were the whispered exclamations with which Francesca cheered her trembling companion, whose courage was not heightened by the darkness and stillness around them as they proceeded on their hazardous enterprise. 2. A word expressing outcry; an interjection. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An exclamation mark. Labels: countable, uncountable