nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: aim Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The verb is from Middle English amen, aimen, eimen (“to guess at, to estimate, to aim”), borrowed from Old French esmer, aesmer, asmer, from Latin ad- plus aestimare (“to estimate”), the compound perhaps being originally formed in Medieval Latin (adaestimare), perhaps in Old French. The noun is from Middle English ame, from Old French aesme, esme. Pronunciation: /eɪm/ 1. The pointing of a weapon, as a gun, a dart, or an arrow, or object, in the line of direction with the object intended to be struck; the line of fire; the direction of anything, such as a spear, a blow, a discourse, a remark, towards a particular point or object, with a view to strike or affect it. Example: to take aim Example: Take time with the aim of your gun. 2. The point intended to be hit, or object intended to be attained or affected. 3. Intention or goal. Example: My number one aim in life is to make money to make my parents, siblings, and kids happy. Example: There is no doubt at all that this is the future of machinery, and just as trees grow while the country gentleman is asleep, so while Humanity will be amusing itself, or enjoying cultivated leisure—which, and not labour, is the aim of man—or making beautiful things, or reading beautiful things, or simply contemplating the world with admiration and delight, machinery will be doing all the necessary and unpleasant work. 4. The ability of someone to aim straight; one’s faculty for being able to hit a physical target. Example: The police officer has excellent aim, always hitting the bullseye in shooting practice. Example: He has a bad aim, so he decided to join archery classes. 5. Conjecture; guess. Labels: obsolete Example: What you would work me to, I have some aim.
Word: aim Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The verb is from Middle English amen, aimen, eimen (“to guess at, to estimate, to aim”), borrowed from Old French esmer, aesmer, asmer, from Latin ad- plus aestimare (“to estimate”), the compound perhaps being originally formed in Medieval Latin (adaestimare), perhaps in Old French. The noun is from Middle English ame, from Old French aesme, esme. Pronunciation: /eɪm/ 1. To point or direct a missile, or a weapon which propels as missile, towards an object or spot with the intent of hitting it Labels: intransitive Example: He aimed at the target, but the arrow flew straight over it. 2. To direct the intention or purpose; to attempt the accomplishment of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor;—followed by at, or by an infinitive Labels: intransitive Example: to aim at a pass Example: to aim to do well in life 3. To direct or point (e.g. a weapon), at a particular object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding, at, to, or against an object Labels: transitive Example: to aim an arrow at the deer Example: She aimed a punch at her ex-boyfriend. 4. To direct (something verbal) towards a certain person, thing, or group Labels: transitive Example: to aim a satirical comment at Communists in general 5. To guess or conjecture. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: But, good my lord, do it so cunningly / That my discovery be not aimed at;
Word: aim Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /eɪm/ 1. Initialism of America Online AIM; AOL Instant Messenger. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: duration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English duracioun, from late Old French duracion, from Medieval Latin dūrātiō. Pronunciation: /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, /djʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, /dəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, /djəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ 1. An amount of time or a particular time interval. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The duration of the flight will be about 2 hours 45 minutes. Example: She was moaning for the entire duration of the advert break. 2. The time taken for the current situation to end, especially the current war. Labels: countable, singular, uncountable Example: Rationing will last at least for the duration. 3. A measure of the sensitivity of the price of a financial asset to changes in interest rates, computed for a simple bond as a weighted average of the maturities of the interest and principal payments associated with it. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: aimless Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English aim Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der. Proto-Germanic *leusaną Proto-Germanic *lausaz Proto-Germanic *-lausaz Proto-West Germanic *-laus Old English -lēas Middle English -les English -less English aimless From aim + -less. Pronunciation: /ˈeɪm.ləs/ 1. Without aim, purpose, or direction. Example: an aimless life Example: In the first few days of the fourth stage the lobsterlings are good swimmers — this is their "redeeming vice" — but the swimming is strong and bears no comparison to the aimless drifting movement characteristic of larval stages.
Word: rhythm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ser-? Proto-Indo-European *srew- Proto-Indo-European *sru-dʰ-mo-s Proto-Hellenic *hrutʰmós Ancient Greek ῥῠθμός (rhŭthmós)bor. Latin rhythmusder. English rhythm First coined in 1557, from Latin rhythmus, from Ancient Greek ῥυθμός (rhuthmós, “any measured flow or movement, symmetry, rhythm”), from ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow, run, stream, gush”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪð.m̩/ 1. The variation of strong and weak elements (such as duration, accent) of sounds, notably in speech or music, over time; a beat or meter. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Dance to the rhythm of the music. Example: The audience clapped in rhythm as I sang. 2. A specifically defined pattern of such variation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Most dances have a rhythm as distinctive as the Iambic verse in poetry 3. A flow, repetition or regularity. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Once you get the rhythm of it, the job will become easy. Example: Will this decision-making paralysis continue until Great British Railways has been established and settled into a new rhythm? If so, passengers on the West of England line are in for a rough ride, as the reliability of these tired old British Rail trains inevitably declines, and maintenance costs rise. 4. The tempo or speed of a beat, song or repetitive event. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We walked with a quick, even rhythm. Example: If you hum or whistle the rhythm of the common English metres,— of the decasyllabic quatrain, or the octosyllabic with alternate sexisyllabic, or other rhythms, […] 5. The musical instruments which provide rhythm (mainly; not or less melody) in a musical ensemble. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The Baroque term basso continuo is virtually equivalent to rhythm 6. A regular quantitative change in a variable (notably natural) process. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The rhythm of the seasons dominates agriculture as well as wildlife 7. Controlled repetition of a phrase, incident or other element as a stylistic figure in literature and other narrative arts; the effect it creates. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The running gag is a popular rhythm in motion pictures and theater comedy 8. A person's natural feeling for rhythm. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: That girl's got rhythm, watch her dance! Example: I'm never gonna dance again / Guilty feet have got no rhythm
Word: rhythm Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ser-? Proto-Indo-European *srew- Proto-Indo-European *sru-dʰ-mo-s Proto-Hellenic *hrutʰmós Ancient Greek ῥῠθμός (rhŭthmós)bor. Latin rhythmusder. English rhythm First coined in 1557, from Latin rhythmus, from Ancient Greek ῥυθμός (rhuthmós, “any measured flow or movement, symmetry, rhythm”), from ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow, run, stream, gush”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪð.m̩/ 1. To impart a (particular) rhythm to. Labels: transitive Example: The pamphlet, writes Muray, 'is the supremely affirmative form in which nothing can be turned around, rhythmed or played with in synonyms and rhymes'. Example: And so the microchip, say, reflects a certain electronically driven speed of society, just as the invention of a flint axe, reflected a society that was rhythmed fully by biological and environmental temporalities.
Word: air gun Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈeə(ɹ).ɡʌn/, /ˈɛɹ.ɡə/ 1. A gun that propels a projectile by compressed air or similar compressed gas (such as carbon dioxide).
Word: airily Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English airy Middle English -ly English -ly English airily From airy + -ly. Pronunciation: /ˈeɹ.ə.li/ 1. In an airy manner. 2. lightly Example: In both those cases, the conservative majority operated similarly to how it behaved in J.G.G.—airily ignoring the danger posed by Trump’s actions to the republic and the people he has harmed.
Word: airs Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɛəz/, /ɛəɹz/, /eːz/, /eəz/, /iəz/ 1. plural of air Labels: form-of, plural 2. Affected manners intended to impress others. Example: She put on airs, pretending to be more sophisticated than she was. Example: He walked into the room with an air of confidence, though it seemed like just airs.
Word: airs Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ɛəz/, /ɛəɹz/, /eːz/, /eəz/, /iəz/ 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of air Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: airy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsér Proto-Hellenic *auhḗr Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ήρ (āḗr)bor. Latin āēr Old French airbor. Middle English aire English air Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English airy From air + -y. Pronunciation: /ˈɛə.ɹi/, [ˈɛː.ɹi], /ˈɛɹ.i/, [ˈɛ˞.i], /ˈɛɚ.i/ 1. Consisting of air. Example: an airy substance; the airy parts of bodies 2. Relating or belonging to air; high in air; aerial. Example: an airy flight 3. Open to a free current of air; exposed to the air; breezy. Example: It was a good solid house, fanless but airy. Example: an airy situation 4. Resembling air; thin; unsubstantial; not material; airlike. Example: Neither diamond-hardness nor airy intangibility can save you from this, the searing agony of death! 5. Relating to the spirit or soul; delicate; graceful. Example: airy music 6. Not based on reality; having no solid foundation Example: Ah me, ah me! No other ghost has haunted the boy’s room, my friends, since I have occupied it, than the ghost of my own childhood, the ghost of my own innocence, the ghost of my own airy belief. Example: One critic [Madeleine Schwartz] recently noted that the politics of Rooney’s novels were largely “gestural,” with airy mentions of Gaza or austerity protests but not much radical substance. 7. Light-hearted; vivacious 8. Having an affected manner; being in the habit of putting on airs; affectedly grand. 9. Having the light and aerial tints true to nature. 10. Spacious, well lit, well ventilated. Example: The station has a bright and airy feel and the refurbishment works have provided a modern and inviting station environment for passengers.
Word: ajar Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English ajar, on char (“on [the] turn”), from on (“on”) + char (“turn, occasion”), from Old English ċierr, cyrr (“turn”), from ċierran (“to turn, convert”), equivalent to a- + char. Akin to Scots char, chare (“to turn, cause to turn”), Dutch akerre, kier (“ajar”), German kehren (“to turn”). See char. Pronunciation: /əˈd͡ʒɑː/, /əˈd͡ʒɑɹ/ 1. Slightly turned or opened. Labels: not-comparable Example: The door was standing ajar.
Word: ajar Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English ajar, on char (“on [the] turn”), from on (“on”) + char (“turn, occasion”), from Old English ċierr, cyrr (“turn”), from ċierran (“to turn, convert”), equivalent to a- + char. Akin to Scots char, chare (“to turn, cause to turn”), Dutch akerre, kier (“ajar”), German kehren (“to turn”). See char. Pronunciation: /əˈd͡ʒɑː/, /əˈd͡ʒɑɹ/ 1. Slightly turned or opened. Example: The door is ajar. Example: I know—for Death, who comes for me From regions of the blest afar, Where there is nothing to deceive, Hath left his iron gate ajar, […]
Word: ajar Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English ajar, on char (“on [the] turn”), from on (“on”) + char (“turn, occasion”), from Old English ċierr, cyrr (“turn”), from ċierran (“to turn, convert”), equivalent to a- + char. Akin to Scots char, chare (“to turn, cause to turn”), Dutch akerre, kier (“ajar”), German kehren (“to turn”). See char. Pronunciation: /əˈd͡ʒɑː/, /əˈd͡ʒɑɹ/ 1. To turn or open slightly; to become ajar or to cause to become ajar; to be or to hang ajar. Labels: rare Example: A plainclothes detective knocked on a slightly ajarred door. Example: Yes, and the door also lops off stairs leading to a landing on whose landing is another door on whose hinges much of this story ajars, if it hasn't jarred too much already.
Word: ajar Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From a- (“in, at”) + jar (“discord, disagreement”). Pronunciation: /əˈd͡ʒɑː/, /əˈd͡ʒɑɹ/ 1. Out of harmony. Labels: archaic, not-comparable 2. Being at variance or in contradiction to something. Labels: not-comparable Example: There is a sort of unexpressed concern, / A kind of shock that sets one's heart ajar […].
Word: ajar Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From a- (“in, at”) + jar (“discord, disagreement”). Pronunciation: /əˈd͡ʒɑː/, /əˈd͡ʒɑɹ/ 1. To show variance or contradiction with something; to be or cause to be askew. Labels: rare Example: It clean deafened the two of us, and set all the crockery ware ajarring ; and when the neighbours heard it they came running into the street to see who was getting hurt.
Word: akimbo Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English in kenebowe, in kene bowe (“in a keen bow”, i.e. “in a sharp bend or angle”), from in (“in”) + keen, kene (“brave, keen, sharp”) + bowe (“bow, bend”). Alternately, possibly from Old Norse kengr (“bent”) + bogi (“a bow”), compare Icelandic kengboginn (“bow-bent”). Pronunciation: /əˈkɪm.bəʊ/, /əˈkɪm.boʊ/ 1. With a crook or bend; with the hand on the hip and elbow turned outward. Labels: not-comparable Example: "Now, then, mister," said he, with his head cocked and his arms akimbo, "what are you driving at? Let's have it straight, now." Example: Girls take hold of the skirts; boys place the hands akimbo, bend forward from the waist, and bow. 2. With legs spread and the knees bent in an outward or awkward way, sometimes with the feet touching. Labels: not-comparable
Word: akimbo Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English in kenebowe, in kene bowe (“in a keen bow”, i.e. “in a sharp bend or angle”), from in (“in”) + keen, kene (“brave, keen, sharp”) + bowe (“bow, bend”). Alternately, possibly from Old Norse kengr (“bent”) + bogi (“a bow”), compare Icelandic kengboginn (“bow-bent”). Pronunciation: /əˈkɪm.bəʊ/, /əˈkɪm.boʊ/ 1. Into, in, or of the position where the arms are akimbo. Labels: not-comparable Example: The man was standing akimbo. Example: Otherwise, it is likely that she may be accosted as "dear" or "Sally,"—invited to take "a drop o' tea," or otherwise chaffed by rough women standing akimbo at street doors. 2. Of weapons, especially firearms: one held in each hand. Labels: not-comparable Example: Although it was a little impractical, Elmer held his revolvers akimbo because to him it looked cool.
Word: akimbo Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English in kenebowe, in kene bowe (“in a keen bow”, i.e. “in a sharp bend or angle”), from in (“in”) + keen, kene (“brave, keen, sharp”) + bowe (“bow, bend”). Alternately, possibly from Old Norse kengr (“bent”) + bogi (“a bow”), compare Icelandic kengboginn (“bow-bent”). Pronunciation: /əˈkɪm.bəʊ/, /əˈkɪm.boʊ/ 1. To wield (two weapons), one in each hand. Labels: slang, transitive
Word: akin Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From a corruption of of kin, from Middle English of kyn (“related, of kin”), equivalent to a- + kin (1550s). Compare Old English cyn, cynn (“akin, proper, suitable”, adj.). Pronunciation: /əˈkɪn/, /ʌˈkɪn/ 1. Of persons, of the same kin; related by blood. Example: [W]e are too near a kin to lye together, tho' vve may Lodge near one another; […] Example: The faces changed, passing in rotation. Youthful faces, bearded faces, dark faces: faces serene, or faces moody, but all akin with the brotherhood of the sea. 2. Allied by nature; similar; partaking of the same properties; of the same kind. Labels: often, with-to Example: Is not then Fruition near akin to Love? Example: She told me that she hoped my Face was not akin to my Tongue.
Word: akin Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From a corruption of of kin, from Middle English of kyn (“related, of kin”), equivalent to a- + kin (1550s). Compare Old English cyn, cynn (“akin, proper, suitable”, adj.). Pronunciation: /əˈkɪn/, /ʌˈkɪn/ 1. To relate or compare; to liken. Labels: rare, transitive Example: I like to akin the P-Diddy case to Gen-Z's version of the O.J. Simpson trial.
Word: alarm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English alarme, alarom, borrowed from Middle French alarme, itself from Old Italian all'arme! (“to arms!, to the weapons!”), ultimately from Latin arma (“arms, weapons”). Pronunciation: /əˈlɑːm/, /əˈlɑɹm/, /əˈlɑ(rə)m/ 1. A summons to arms, as on the approach of an enemy. Labels: countable Example: Arming to answer in a night alarm. 2. Any sound or information intended to give notice of approaching danger; a warning sound to arouse attention; a warning of danger. Labels: countable Example: Sound an alarm in my holy mountain. Example: She went about the house in a state of real terror, and yet lied monstrously and wilfully, and invented many of the alarms she spread, and made many of the sounds we heard. 3. A device intended to warn or give notice of approaching danger. Labels: countable Example: The fire alarm is located high on the wall to prevent tampering. 4. A sudden attack; a disturbance. Labels: countable Example: Lord Marshal, command our officers-at-arms Be ready to direct these home alarms. Example: Is it then true, as distant rumours run, that crowds of rivals for thy mother's charms thy Palace fill with insults and alarms? 5. Sudden surprise with fear or terror caused by the apprehension of danger; a feeling of heightened alertness to risk. Labels: countable Example: His actions caused alarm among all the other people in the store, who hurried to leave. Example: Alarm and resentment spread through the camp. 6. A mechanical device for awaking people or rousing their attention. Labels: countable Example: The clock radio is a friendlier version of the cold alarm by the bedside. 7. An instance of an alarm ringing, beeping or clanging, to give a noise signal at a certain time. Labels: countable Example: Last night's alarm turned out to be nothing, but it was terrifying at the time.
Word: alarm Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English alarme, alarom, borrowed from Middle French alarme, itself from Old Italian all'arme! (“to arms!, to the weapons!”), ultimately from Latin arma (“arms, weapons”). Pronunciation: /əˈlɑːm/, /əˈlɑɹm/, /əˈlɑ(rə)m/ 1. To call to arms for defense. Labels: transitive 2. To give (someone) notice of approaching danger or necessary action; to rouse to vigilance; to put on the alert. Labels: transitive Example: The sudden drop in temperature should alarm you into taking precautions. Example: Her illness started to alarm the doctors, who ordered more tests. 3. To produce a warning of approaching danger or necessary action; to emit a signal intended to rouse a recipient to vigilance or put them on the alert. Labels: transitive Example: The tower cab supervisor and various pilots stated that the LLWAS system frequently alarms because of the thunderstorm activity present, and that airspeed losses are common as a result of convective wind shear. 4. To surprise with apprehension of danger; to fill with anxiety in regard to threatening evil; to excite with sudden fear. Labels: transitive Example: The loud bang in the hallway seemed to alarm everyone in the building. 5. To keep in excitement; to disturb. Labels: transitive
Word: revetment Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French revêtement, from Old French revestiment, from revestir (French revêtir), from Late Latin revestire (“to clothe again”), from Latin re- + vestire (“to clothe”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈvɛt.mənt/ 1. A layer of stone, concrete, or other hard material supporting the side of an embankment. Example: Findlayson, C. E., sat in his trolley on a construction line that ran along one of the main revetments—the huge stone-faced banks that flared away north and south for three miles on either side of the river and permitted himself to think of the end. Example: A 200-ton rockfall recently blocked the Machynlleth sidings, trapping several locomotives; a rock-slip on the approach embankment to Talerddig required expensive revetting last year; and on the coastal section to Barmouth an 80 foot-high stone revetment was completed some time ago at Friog; [...]. 2. An ornamental facing, as on a common masonry wall, of marble, face brick, tiles, etc. 3. An armoured building that provides protection against bombs.
Word: wisdom Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English wisdom, from Old English wīsdōm (“wisdom”), from Proto-West Germanic *wīsadōm, from Proto-Germanic *wīsadōmaz (“wisdom”), corresponding to wise + -dom. Cognate with Scots wisdom, wysdom (“wisdom”), West Frisian wiisdom (“wisdom”), Dutch wijsdom (“wisdom”), German Weistum (“legal sentence”), Danish/Norwegian/Swedish visdom (“wisdom”), Icelandic vísdómur (“wisdom”). Pronunciation: /ˈwɪzdəm/ 1. An element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise. Labels: uncountable 2. A piece of wise advice. Labels: countable 3. The discretionary use of knowledge for the greatest good. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The ability to apply relevant knowledge in an insightful way, especially to different situations from that in which the knowledge was gained. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. The ability to make a decision based on the combination of knowledge, experience, and intuitive understanding. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. The ability to know and apply spiritual truths. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Wiſdom…is to a man an infinite Treaſure, for ſhe is the Breath of the Power of God, and a pure Influence that floweth from the Glory of the Almighty; ſhe is the Brightneſs of Eternal Light, and an undefiled Mirror of the Majeſty of God, and an Image of his Goodneſs; ſhe teacheth us Soberneſs and Prudence, Righteouſneſs and Strength; ſhe underſtands the Subtilty of words, and Solution of dark ſentences; ſhe foreknoweth Signs and Wonders, and what ſhall happen in time to come. 7. A group of wombats. Labels: countable, rare, uncountable Example: It would also be difficult to get to the bottom line accurately if a wisdom of wombats ate your working papers. Both scenarios are equal in probability. Example: Beautimus strolled to the river for her morning bath. She looked one direction, then the other to search the landscape for anything or anybody who might offer a clue as to what could be coming her way. She passed a pond where a congregation of alligators and a wisdom of wombats engaged in a heated argument over economics. Nothing unusual in that. 8. A group of owls. Labels: countable, rare, uncountable Example: What he expected to find I cannot imagine , unless it was a wisdom of owls. What he did see and hear were telephones ringing, assistants answering them, getting up from their seats to take a book or a card from a file, returning[…] Example: All of us, whether we gather into a wisp of snipes, a wisdom of owls, a wing of plovers, or remain like a single regretful priest on his knees before his God, we are one and it is not for us to decide another's fate. 9. Ellipsis of wisdom tooth. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, colloquial, countable, ellipsis Example: HAVING MY WISDOMS REMOVED
Word: feceate Part of Speech: verb 1. To discharge feces from the digestive tract. Labels: rare
Word: sham Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Probably a dialectal form of shame. Alternatively, sham is a term that is used to describe the bottom thick base of a glass, usually a wine or stem glass, where the stem meets the bulbous shape bowl. Glass manufacturers would increase the "sham" to deceive customers into thinking a glass holds more than it actually does. For example, a manufacturer would mold a 12oz glass with a larger "sham" in the base to reduce the volume of the glasses to fit 10-11oz of liquid. By increasing the bulge in the base, usually where the stem meets the glass, it is almost impossible to visually distinguish the difference. This gives the illusion the glass size is the same as any another 12oz glass, but the inside will hold a lesser volume. Later, bringing use to the term "you got shammed" when one party tries to hide something and/or get over on the other party using deceiving tactics. Pronunciation: /ˈʃæm/, [ˈʃʰæm], /ˈʃeə̯m/, [ˈʃʰeə̯m], /ˈʃɛə̯m/ 1. Intended to deceive; false. Example: It was only a sham wedding: they didn't care much for one another, but wanted their parents to stop hassling them. Example: Artiles, a Republican operative with a reputation for a foul mouth and sharp elbows, is accused of financing a sham candidate whose candidacy was intended to siphon votes from a legitimate Democratic candidate in a state Senate race in South Florida’s 37th District. The candidate has the same last name as then-Democratic incumbent Jose Javier Rodriguez but did not actively campaign for the seat and has since admitted being recruited as a spoiler. 2. Counterfeit; unreal. Example: For this young lady was not able to carry out any emotion to the full; but had a sham enthusiasm, a sham hatred, a sham love, a sham taste, a sham grief, each of which flared and shone very vehemently for an instant, but subsided and gave place to the next sham emotion. Example: For the subject-cities, having secured a moderate form of government, and having no fear of being called to account for their proceedings, aimed at absolute freedom; they scorned the sham independence proffered to them by the Athenians.
Word: sham Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably a dialectal form of shame. Alternatively, sham is a term that is used to describe the bottom thick base of a glass, usually a wine or stem glass, where the stem meets the bulbous shape bowl. Glass manufacturers would increase the "sham" to deceive customers into thinking a glass holds more than it actually does. For example, a manufacturer would mold a 12oz glass with a larger "sham" in the base to reduce the volume of the glasses to fit 10-11oz of liquid. By increasing the bulge in the base, usually where the stem meets the glass, it is almost impossible to visually distinguish the difference. This gives the illusion the glass size is the same as any another 12oz glass, but the inside will hold a lesser volume. Later, bringing use to the term "you got shammed" when one party tries to hide something and/or get over on the other party using deceiving tactics. Pronunciation: /ˈʃæm/, [ˈʃʰæm], /ˈʃeə̯m/, [ˈʃʰeə̯m], /ˈʃɛə̯m/ 1. A fake; an imitation that purports to be genuine. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The time-share deal was a sham. 2. Trickery, hoaxing. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A con-man must be skilled in the arts of sham and deceit. Example: Tarzan would have none of it, and so he hunted alone that none might discover the sham that he was practicing. 3. A false front, or removable ornamental covering. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A decorative cover for a pillow. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: sham Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Probably a dialectal form of shame. Alternatively, sham is a term that is used to describe the bottom thick base of a glass, usually a wine or stem glass, where the stem meets the bulbous shape bowl. Glass manufacturers would increase the "sham" to deceive customers into thinking a glass holds more than it actually does. For example, a manufacturer would mold a 12oz glass with a larger "sham" in the base to reduce the volume of the glasses to fit 10-11oz of liquid. By increasing the bulge in the base, usually where the stem meets the glass, it is almost impossible to visually distinguish the difference. This gives the illusion the glass size is the same as any another 12oz glass, but the inside will hold a lesser volume. Later, bringing use to the term "you got shammed" when one party tries to hide something and/or get over on the other party using deceiving tactics. Pronunciation: /ˈʃæm/, [ˈʃʰæm], /ˈʃeə̯m/, [ˈʃʰeə̯m], /ˈʃɛə̯m/ 1. To deceive, cheat, lie. Example: they find themſelves Fool'd and Shamm'd (as we ſay) into a Conviction. 2. To obtrude by fraud or imposition. Example: But we muſt have a care all this while, not to […] Sham Fallacyes upon the World for Current Reaſon 3. To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.
Word: sham Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈʃæm/, [ˈʃʰæm], /ˈʃeə̯m/, [ˈʃʰeə̯m], /ˈʃɛə̯m/ 1. Clipping of champagne. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, slang, uncountable Example: So I orders a bottle, as if for myself; and, ‘Ma’am, says I, ‘will you take a glass of Sham—just one?’
Word: chord Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant of cord, with spelling alteration due to Latin chorda (“cord”), ultimately from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string of gut, the string of a lyre”). No relation to French accord (“chord”) and its derivations. Doublet of cuerda. Pronunciation: /kɔːd/, /kɔɹd/ 1. A harmonic set of three or more notes that is heard as if sounding simultaneously. Example: He struck the opening chords of the passage; but this time Irene's voice was silent. Victor stopped in the middle of an arpeggio. 2. A line segment between two points of a curve. Example: The simplest method of calculating the radius of a curve in situ is to measure the versine; in railway practice this is done by extending a tape 66 ft. (1 ch.) long in a straight line or chord between two points on the periphery of a curve, and then measuring the maximum distance of the rail from the chord at the centre of the 66 ft. The radius in chains is found by dividing the versine in inches into 99. Thus if a versine measures 3 in., the radius will be 33 ch. 3. A horizontal member of a truss. 4. A horizontal member of a truss. 5. The distance between the leading and trailing edge of a wing, measured in the direction of the normal airflow. 6. An imaginary line from the luff of a sail to its leech. 7. A keyboard shortcut that involves two or more distinct keypresses, such as Ctrl+M followed by P. Example: Ctrl-K is the default first key for chords, but you can create chords using any keys that you want. 8. The string of a musical instrument. Example: Instruments that made melodious Chime Was heard, of Harp and Organ; and who mov'd Their Stops and Chords was seen 9. A cord. 10. An edge that is not part of a cycle but connects two vertices of the cycle.
Word: chord Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Variant of cord, with spelling alteration due to Latin chorda (“cord”), ultimately from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string of gut, the string of a lyre”). No relation to French accord (“chord”) and its derivations. Doublet of cuerda. Pronunciation: /kɔːd/, /kɔɹd/ 1. To write chords for. Labels: transitive Example: This chording technique works well for learning any tune, but this is the only tune of the set that I will write out completely as a chorded version. 2. To accord; to harmonize together. Example: This note chords with that one. 3. To provide with musical chords or strings; to string; to tune. Labels: transitive Example: When Jubal struck the chorded shell. Example: Even the solitary old pine tree chords his harp.
Word: mixed-interval chord Part of Speech: noun 1. A chord that does not have one consistent interval.
Word: equal-interval chord Part of Speech: noun 1. A chord characterized by one repeating interval.
Word: interval Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English interval, intervalle, from Old French intervalle, entreval, from Latin intervallum (“space between, interval, distance, interval of time, pause, difference; literally, space between two palisades or walls”), from inter (“between”) + vallum (“palisade, wall”). Pronunciation: /ˈɪntəvəʊ/, /ˈɪntɚvəl/ 1. A distance in space. Example: 'Twixt host and host but narrow space was left, / A dreadful interval. Example: [M]any attempts were made to prevent the spreading of it [the fire] by pulling down Houses, and making great Intervals, but all in vain, the Fire seizing upon the Timber and Rubbish, and so continuing it set even through those spaces […] 2. A period of time. Example: the interval between contractions during childbirth 3. The difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes, often referring to those two pitches themselves (otherwise known as a dyad). 4. A connected section of the real line which may be empty or have a length of zero. 5. An intermission. Labels: India, UK 6. half time, a scheduled intermission between the periods of play. Example: Spain made three substitutions at the interval, sending on former Arsenal captain Fabregas, Chelsea's Juan Mata and Liverpool keeper Pepe Reina for Xavi, David Silva and Casillas. 7. Either of the two breaks, at lunch and tea, between the three sessions of a day's play.
Word: interval class Part of Speech: noun 1. An interval measured by the distance between its two pitch classes ordered so they are as close as possible.
Word: dyad Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek δυάς (duás), δυάδ- (duád-) from δύο (dúo, “two”), from Proto-Indo-European *duwó, *duwéh₃ (*dwóh₁). The mathematics sense was coined by American scientist Josiah Willard Gibbs in 1884 in the second half of his book Elements of Vector Analysis. Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ.æd/ 1. A set of two elements treated as one; a pair. Example: […] positing a dyad and constructing the infinite out of great and small, instead of treating the infinite as one, is peculiar to him; […] Example: McNamee describes their grip on the company as “the most centralized decision-making structure I have ever encountered in a large company.” Their power dyad is possible only because Facebook’s “core platform,” as McNamee puts it, is relatively simple: It “consists of a product and a monetization scheme.” 2. Two persons in an ongoing relationship; a dyadic relationship. Example: For each individual in a specific dyad (i.e., mother-offspring, offspring-father, sibling-sibling), […] Example: The southern relationship was a slaveholder-physician dyad, with the slave left outside, unconsulted, uninformed, and with no recourse if she or he was unsatisfied, injured, or killed—a medical nonentity. 3. The relationship or interaction itself in reference to a couple. 4. Any set of two different pitch classes. 5. An element, atom, or radical having a valence of or combining power of two. 6. A chromosome structure, usually X- or V-shaped, consisting of two condensed sister chromatids joined by a centromere. 7. A secondary unit of organisation consisting of an aggregate of monads. 8. A tensor of order two and rank one.
Word: pitch class Part of Speech: noun 1. An equivalence class of all pitches that are octaves apart, and which would be labeled by an integer, not a traditional letter name. Example: The notes B₃, B₄, and C♭₅ all belong to the same pitch class, named 11 or e.
Word: gesticulate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Latin gesticulātus, perfect active participle of gesticulor (“to gesticulate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from gesticulus (“a mimic gesture”), diminutive of gestus (“gesture”), from gerō (“to bear, carry, perform”). Pronunciation: /dʒɛsˈtɪkjʊleɪt/, /dʒɛsˈtɪkjəleɪt/, /d͡ʒɛsˈtɪkjəleɪt/ 1. To make gestures or motions, as in speaking. Labels: intransitive Example: A "Haka" is the native dance, answering to the corroboree of the Australian aboriginals, and we were anxious to see it. […] Later in the evening, however, the complaisant Herekiekie entertained a small and select party at a "Haka" in his "whare" or house (pronounced wharry). It was exactly what I expected. The performers, all male, stood in a row, one, slightly advanced, acting as fugleman. They shouted and gesticulated with the most hideous and revolting gestures, grimaces, and yells. Example: ... groups of dancers were wheeling, plunging, and gesticulating while the ogre, more aphasic than before, mumbled at full strength ... 2. To say or express through gestures. Labels: transitive Example: […]the TV programme Friends is influencing not only the way Irish people speak but also how they gesticulate. Now almost every utterance is accompanied by arms outstretched and palms turned upwards."
Word: Albert chain Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named for Prince Albert, the husband of Queen Victoria. 1. A chain used to give easier access to a pocket watch in the watchpocket of a waistcoat. The Albert style went to a T-bar finding that tucked into a buttoned buttonhole of the waistcoat. From there a further small length of chain hung, to which the wearer attached decorative charms such as fraternity or lodge symbols. The double Albert was a chain draped between both watchpockets, with the T-bar and pendant chain in the middle. Labels: historical
Word: cuticle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin cutīcula (“cuticle, skin”). Doublet of cuticula. Pronunciation: /ˈkjuːtɪkəl/ 1. The outermost layer of the skin of vertebrates. Example: By that time she has pushed back his cuticles, cleaned his nails and painted them with clear polish. 2. The outermost layer of the skin of vertebrates. 3. A noncellular protective covering outside the epidermis of many invertebrates. Example: Holonym: exoskeleton 4. A noncellular protective covering outside the epidermis of many plants. 5. A thin skin formed on the surface of a liquid. 6. A protective layer on the shell of a bird's egg.
Word: instant coffee Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˌɪnstənt ˈkɒfi/ 1. A beverage in the form of a powder, granules, or concentrated liquid, made from coffee and able to be quickly reconstituted by adding water. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: She put a spoonful of instant coffee into the water still bubbling in the cup, stirred it and then she sipped it, flavorless and synthetic as the retreat she had tried to make out of the small apartment.
Word: Aldershot Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Old English alor (“alder”) + sceat (“corner”). Pronunciation: /ˈɔːldə(ɹ)ˌʃɒt/, /ˈɒldə(ɹ)ˌʃɒt/ 1. A town in Rushmoor borough, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU8650). Example: In Manchester and in Aldershot in Hampshire, asylum seeker accommodation was targeted by demonstrators carrying placards that read “deport them, don’t support them” and “no apartments for illegals”.
Word: monk Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English monk, from Old English munuc, from Proto-West Germanic *munik, from Late Latin monicus, variant of monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”). Pronunciation: /mʌŋk/, /mɔŋk/ 1. A male member of a monastic order who has devoted his life for religious service. Example: This is believed to be the completeſt liſt of this voluminous, proſaick, and driveling monk, that can be formed, without acceſs, at leaſt, to every manuſcript library in the kingdom, which would be very difficult, if not imposſible, to obtain. Example: In clusters on the plain, like cowlless monks at matins, sat the vultures that had settled on the corpse of the hyena impaled by the female rhino […] 2. In earlier usage, an eremite or hermit devoted to solitude, as opposed to a cenobite, who lived communally. Example: Tony's face expressed relief, and Nettie sat silent for a moment until the vicar said “It was a generous impulse, but it may have been a momentary one, while in the case of monk and crusader there must have been a sustaining purpose, and possibly a great abnegation, a leaving of lands and possessions.” 3. Someone who leads an isolated life; a loner, a hermit. Labels: slang 4. An unmarried man who does not have sexual relationships. Labels: slang 5. A judge. Labels: slang 6. An inkblot. Labels: archaic 7. A South American monkey (Pithecia monachus); also applied to other species, as Cebus xanthosternos. 8. The bullfinch, common bullfinch, European bullfinch, or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula). 9. The monkfish. 10. A fuse for firing mines. Labels: historical
Word: monk Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English monk, from Old English munuc, from Proto-West Germanic *munik, from Late Latin monicus, variant of monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”). Pronunciation: /mʌŋk/, /mɔŋk/ 1. To be a monk. Example: "Ah!" she cried, "thou art the prettiest little monk that ever monked it in this blessed, amorous town of Constance!" Example: Good people, if you're ever short of a job, don't take up monking for a living. 2. To act like a monk; especially to be contemplative. Example: Many a scholar, making wings of candlewicks to flap away old darkness, monked his life to fasting long while feasting upon new light. Example: ...drinking: monking on a mountain: plodding in self-inflicted darkness so that the entrance into light would be heightened and supercharged: sacrifice and gain: the meek shall inherit the earth. 3. To monkey or meddle; to behave in a manner that is not systematic. Example: The Avatar spoke gently as she responded to his jibe. "Now fucking get aboard and stop monking on like a schoolboy, you silly earplug. Example: "You just go into the swamp and keep monking around, and maybe in a week er so, somebody'll open up and begin shooting at you, and if you live long enough to git curious about it, that'll be Tom Keefer." 4. To be intoxicated or confused. Example: I looked up from the thick cotton mat, unsure where my legs were. “She looks monked up.” “maybe her brain is damaged, huh, miss Bryant?” Example: She looked down at herself and said, “Oh, I got that from monking.” “From what?” “Monking. You ain't never done meth, girl?” she said. 5. To attach so that it sticks out. Labels: transitive Example: Molten roofing north, lead dripping down south, stand like those immobilized columns of arctic water west, stalagmites, monked and housed or stamped and dudleyed east, in school texts. Example: All these controls and screens are monked on to a massive network of computers that coordinates the sights.
Word: monk Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By shortening. Pronunciation: /mʌŋk/, /mɔŋk/ 1. A monkey. Labels: colloquial Example: ‘We wuz talkin’ and the monk got loose, and she sent me off to catch him.’ Example: It seems that the big monk up on the roof is nobody but Bongo, who is a gorilla belonging to the circus, and one of the very few gorillas of any account in this country, or anywhere else, as far as this goes, because good gorillas are very scarce, indeed.
Word: nun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English nonne, nunne, from Old English nunne (“nun”), from Late Latin nonna (“nun, tutor”), originally (along with masculine form nonnus (“man”)) a term of address for elderly persons, perhaps from children's speech, reminiscent of nana, like papa etc. Doublet of nonna. Pronunciation: /nʌn/, /nʊn/ 1. A member of a Christian religious community of women who live by certain vows and usually wear a habit, (Roman Catholicism, specifically) those living together in a cloister. Example: Thus, when the nuns came to the mission and we saw that instead of murmuring soft blessings and gliding seraphically over the grass in diaphanous habits, they wore smart blouses and skirts and walked, laughed and talked in low twanging tones very much like our own American missionaries did, we were very disappointed. 2. A member of a similar female community in other confessions. Labels: broadly Example: a Buddhist nun 3. A prostitute. Labels: UK, archaic, slang Example: Why laſt night, as Colonel Kill'em, Sir William Weezy, Lord Frederick Foretop, and I were careleſsly ſliding the Ranelagh round, picking our teeth, after a damn'd muzzy dinner at Boodle's, who ſhould trip by but an abbeſs, well known about town, with a ſmart little nun in her ſuite. Example: "I mean to inform you," answered the Oxonian, with a grin on his face, "that those three nymphs, who have so much dazzled your optics, are three nuns, and the plump female is Mother .... of great notoriety [...]" 4. A kind of pigeon with the feathers on its head like the hood of a nun.
Word: nun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from the letter’s name in the respective language. Doublet of nu. Pronunciation: /nʊn/, /nuːn/ 1. The fourteenth letter of many Semitic alphabets or abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).
Word: nun Part of Speech: pron 1. Pronunciation spelling of nothing. Labels: alt-of, pronunciation-spelling
Word: nunnery Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English nonnery, nonnerie, equivalent to nun + -ery. (brothel): Compare typologically Czech nevěstinec (< nevěstka < nevěsta). Pronunciation: /ˈnʌn(ə)ɹi/ 1. Any convent (religious community) or the buildings thereof. 2. Any convent (religious community) or the buildings thereof. Example: Get thee to a nunnery, why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners? 3. Synonym of brothel. Labels: humorous, obsolete, slang Example: [To] some one Gentleman generally acquainted, they giue... free priuiledge thenceforward in theyr Nunnery, to procure them frequentance... Example: To the antipapist Tudors nunnery was a slang term for a brothel.
Word: monasticism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English monastic Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English monasticism From monastic (“relating to monks”) + -ism. 1. The practice of renouncing all worldly pursuits in order to fully devote one's life to spiritual work. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: draught on the pump at Aldgate Part of Speech: noun 1. A bad bill of exchange, drawn on persons who have no effects of the drawer. Labels: obsolete, slang
Word: bumblebee Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1520s from bumble + bee, replacing Middle English humbul-be. Merged with Middle English bombeln (“to boom, buzz”), in the late 14th century. The name of the drink is a semantic loan from Ukrainian джміль (džmilʹ). Pronunciation: /ˈbʌmbəlˌbiː/ 1. Any of several species of large bee in the genus Bombus. Example: The bumblebee's mane glowed in the morning light—each hair sharp and distinct to Eragon—and its blurred wings generated a gentle bombilation, like a tattoo played on a drum. Pollen powdered the bristles on its legs. 2. A mid yellow, sometimes slightly orange. 3. A layered drink with ice whose main ingredients are orange juice and espresso coffee.
Word: ale Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-der. Proto-Germanic *alu Proto-West Germanic *alu Old English ealu Middle English ale English ale From Middle English ale, from Old English ealu, ealo, from Proto-West Germanic *alu, from Proto-Germanic *alu (compare Dutch aal, Icelandic and Swedish öl (“beer”), Danish, Faroese, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk øl (“beer”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“beer”), or *h₂elu- (“bitter”). Compare Russian ол (ol), Lithuanian alùs, Armenian օղի (ōġi); compare also Latin alum (“comfrey”), alūta (“tawed leather”), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”). Pronunciation: /eɪl/ 1. A beer made without hops. Labels: countable, dated, uncountable 2. A beer produced by so-called warm fermentation and not pressurized. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A festival in English country places, so called from the liquor drunk. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: alertness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English alert Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English alertness From alert + -ness. Pronunciation: /əˈlɝt.nəs/ 1. The quality of being alert or on the alert. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: THE human body was meant to have a midafternoon nap, according to a new consensus among sleep researchers who are studying the biological rhythms of sleep and alertness.