nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: masticatory Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin mastico + -atory, the former borrowed from Ancient Greek μαστιχάω (mastikháō, “I gnash the teeth”), from μάσταξ (mástax, “that with which one chews”). Pronunciation: /ˌmasˈtɪk.eɪ.tər.i/, /mæˈstɪk.əˌtɔr.i/ 1. Something chewed, originally as a medicine, now typically for pleasure or to increase the flow of saliva. Example: Sneezing, masticatories, and nasals are generally received.
Word: masticatory Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin mastico + -atory, the former borrowed from Ancient Greek μαστιχάω (mastikháō, “I gnash the teeth”), from μάσταξ (mástax, “that with which one chews”). Pronunciation: /ˌmasˈtɪk.eɪ.tər.i/, /mæˈstɪk.əˌtɔr.i/ 1. Of, or relating to mastication. Labels: not-comparable 2. Used for chewing. Labels: not-comparable
Word: baby snatching Part of Speech: noun 1. The kidnapping of a baby. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: fuckedness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English fucked Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English fuckedness From fucked + -ness. 1. The degree to which something is fucked or fucked up. Labels: uncountable, vulgar Example: You pause to swig from your cup and get your bearings, but it's bloody difficult when the place is littered with people, slouching around in various states of fuckedness, […]. Example: Having whole hours to contemplate her degree of fuckedness was a luxury.
Word: discombobulated Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of discombobulate Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: discombobulated Part of Speech: adj 1. Confused, embarrassed, upset. Labels: informal Example: After months of preparation for a new sign ordinance, the Planning Commission appeared discombobulated over the idea of adopting the new regulations when confronted by a few members of the public. 2. Broken, mixed up. Labels: informal
Word: deletionist Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Latin dēleō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin dēlētiōnem English deletion Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English deletionist From deletion + -ist. 1. Favoring the deletion of a given passage or work as spurious. 2. Preferring to delete material. Example: In the deletionists’ corner sits the strong sense that the more topics of debatable value are included (they cite such entries as side characters from the Pokémon cartoon or the Heroes TV series as examples), the more dependents will see Wikipedia as a source of fun rather than knowledge. They are worried that the brand is at risk of losing its value. In a deletionist world, Wikipedia would exert more control over what it publishes. […]
Word: deletionist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin dēleō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin dēlētiōnem English deletion Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English deletionist From deletion + -ist. 1. A user with deletionist sentiments. Example: The two groups had been vying for control from early on in the site's life, but the numbers suggest that the deletionists may have won. The increasing difficulty of making a successful edit; the exclusion of casual users; slower growth – all are hallmarks of the deletionist approach.
Word: ethic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English etik, from Late Latin ēthicus, from Ancient Greek ἠθῐκός (ēthĭkós). Pronunciation: /ˈɛθ.ɪk/ 1. Moral, relating to morals.
Word: ethic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English etik, ethik, from Old French ethique, from Late Latin ēthica, from Ancient Greek ἠθική (ēthikḗ), from ἠθικός (ēthikós, “of or for morals, moral, expressing character”), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, moral nature”). Pronunciation: /ˈɛθ.ɪk/ 1. A set of principles of right and wrong behaviour guiding, or representative of, a specific culture, society, group, or individual. Example: The Protestant work ethic. Example: I think the golden rule is a great ethic. 2. The morality of an action.
Word: rondure Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French rondeur (“roundness; round object”), from rond (“round”) + -eur (suffix forming agent nouns from verbs). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɒndjʊə/, /ˈɹɑnˌd(j)ʊɹ/ 1. A graceful curvature or round object; a ring; a sphere. Labels: countable Example: […]all things rare That heaven's air in this huge rondure hems. Example: O vast Rondure, swimming in space, / Cover'd all over with visible power and beauty, / Alternate light and day and the teeming spiritual darkness, [...] 2. The quality of being round; roundness. Labels: uncountable
Word: hustle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Dutch husselen or by metathesis from Dutch hutselen (“to shake up”), a frequentative of hutsen (“to stir, to move something (back and forth)”). Pronunciation: /ˈhʌsəl/ 1. To push someone roughly; to crowd; to jostle. Example: There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy.[…]Passengers wander restlessly about or hurry, with futile energy, from place to place. Pushing men hustle each other at the windows of the purser's office, under pretence of expecting letters or despatching telegrams. 2. To rush or hurry. Labels: intransitive Example: I'll have to hustle to get there on time. Example: Men in dairy lunches were hustling to gulp down the food which cooks had hustled to fry 3. To bundle; to stow something quickly. Labels: transitive Example: There was a person called Nana who ruled the nursery. Sometimes she took no notice of the playthings lying about, and sometimes, for no reason whatever, she went swooping about like a great wind and hustled them away in cupboards. 4. To con, swindle, or deceive, especially financially. Labels: transitive Example: The guy tried to hustle me into buying into a bogus real estate deal. 5. To play deliberately badly at a game or sport in an attempt to encourage players to challenge one. 6. To obtain by illicit or forceful action. Labels: informal 7. To sell sex; to work as a pimp. Labels: informal 8. To be a prostitute; to exchange use of one's body for sexual purposes for money. Labels: informal Example: All my life, been hustling / And tonight is my appraisal / 'Cause I'm a hooker selling songs / And my pimp's a record label 9. To serve (a clientele) as a prostitute. Labels: informal Example: When I was in Morocco I wrote this play ("Playland Blues") about young kids who […] hustle old gay men and closet queens. 10. To dance the hustle, a disco dance. 11. To work. Labels: informal 12. To put a lot of effort into one's work. Labels: informal Example: Frazier and Gary worked for me for free -- for six months -- they didn't take any money from the house. They worked for tips. They both had other jobs, and they came in here and they hustled their ass.
Word: hustle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Dutch husselen or by metathesis from Dutch hutselen (“to shake up”), a frequentative of hutsen (“to stir, to move something (back and forth)”). Pronunciation: /ˈhʌsəl/ 1. A state of busy activity. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A propensity to work hard and get things done; ability to hustle. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 'It's just natural for the folks here to be indolent,' she said. 'They just haven't got any hustle in them.' 3. A type of disco dance, commonly danced to the Van McCoy song The Hustle (1975). Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A scam or swindle. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. An activity, such as prostitution or reselling stolen items, that a prisoner uses to earn money in prison. Labels: countable, slang, uncountable 6. An act of prostitution. Labels: countable, slang, uncountable Example: Little Joe never once gave it away / Everybody had to pay and pay / A hustle here and a hustle there / New York City's the place 7. An activity, especially to achieve a desired goal or make money. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable Example: Everybody's got a hustle.
Word: antiskid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From anti- + skid. 1. Designed to increase friction, and thereby reduce the possibility of skid. (of a surface) Labels: not-comparable 2. Designed to maintain traction on a slippery surface. (of a brake system) Labels: not-comparable
Word: antiskid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From anti- + skid. 1. Antiskid braking. Labels: uncountable Example: To help keep from using up the limited pressure stored by the brake accumulator, antiskid is not available with both engines out.
Word: apple turnover Part of Speech: noun 1. A pastry dessert filled with pieces of sweetened apples, with the pastry folded over to enclose the filling.
Word: backdate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From back + date. Pronunciation: /bækˈdeɪt/, /ˈbæk.deɪt/ 1. To give or assign a date to a document that is earlier than the current or true date.
Word: backdate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From back + date. Pronunciation: /bækˈdeɪt/, /ˈbæk.deɪt/ 1. An assigned date that is earlier than the current or true date. Example: The backdates on the clearance forms made the little man's papers worthless […]
Word: call back Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of callback. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: call back Part of Speech: verb 1. To request someone's return; to bring back or restore; to recall. 2. To telephone someone again at a more convenient time. 3. To return to a shop or residence one has previously visited.
Word: bistar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *dwi- Proto-Italic *dwi- Latin bi-bor. English bi- Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr Proto-Germanic *sternǭ Proto-West Germanic *sternō Proto-West Germanic *sterrō Old English steorra Middle English sterre English star English bistar From bi- + star. 1. binary star
Word: cohabitation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cohabitacioun, from Old French cohabitacion and Late Latin cohabitātiō. By surface analysis, co- + habitation. Pronunciation: /koʊhæbɪˈteɪʃən/ 1. An emotional and physical intimate relationship which includes a common living place and which exists without legal or religious sanction. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: According to Greene, sodomy, gross indecency, adultery, cohabitation and repeated convictions for indecent exposure are all considered sex offenses in Michigan. 2. The act of living together. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A place where two or more individuals reside together. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The act of two species living together in the same habitat. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Cooperation between politicians of opposing political parties; especially, in France, between a President and Prime Minister. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Commentators agreed that Mr Chirac's unusually aggressive remarks, followed by the equally fierce response of Mr Jospin's government, signalled the beginning of the end for the tense but so far civil "cohabitation" under which the two men have ruled France since 1997. Example: She said: “I am respectful of institutions; I am not calling for institutional chaos. There will simply be a cohabitation.”
Word: compartmentalisation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English compartmentalise Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English compartmentalisation From compartmentalise + -ation. 1. Non-Oxford British standard form of compartmentalization. Labels: British, Non-Oxford, alt-of, countable, standard, uncountable
Word: clinical Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- Proto-Indo-European *-éyti Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- Proto-Indo-European *-né- Proto-Indo-European *ḱl̥néyti Proto-Hellenic *klíňňō Ancient Greek κλῑ́νω (klī́nō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā) Ancient Greek -η (-ē) Ancient Greek κλῑ́νη (klī́nē) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós) Ancient Greek κλῑνῐκός (klīnĭkós)bor. Late Latin clīnicus French cliniquebor. English clinic English -al English clinical From clinic + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈklɪn.ɪ.kəl/ 1. Dealing with the practical management of patients, in practice at the point of care; as contrasted with other health care venues (see clinical medicine for more explanation). Example: “We are social beings,” Jaime Blandino, a clinical psychologist in Decatur, Georgia, told CNN. “My most extroverted clients are having the hardest time.” 2. Of or pertaining to a clinic, such as a medical clinic or law clinic. Example: Medicine is now more often practiced in a clinical setting than in the home. 3. Cool and emotionless, in a professional way, as contrasted with an impetuous or unprofessional way. 4. Objective; analytical. Example: We took a clinical approach to resolving conflicts. 5. Excellent and precise. Example: Fly-half Jonny Wilkinson put his below-par performance against Argentina behind him with a fine first-half showing, slotting four kicks from six and controlling his back-line with aplomb, while England's three-quarters were brimming with life and clinical with their execution. Example: Remarkably United’s 10 men almost salvaged an improbable draw during a late, spirited challenge. They showed great competitive courage in that period and there were chances for Robin van Persie, Ángel Di María and Marouane Fellaini to punish City for defending too deeply and not being more clinical with their opportunities at the other end. 6. Of or relating to a bed, especially a deathbed. Labels: obsolete Example: a clinical convert: one who turns to religion on their death-bed Example: clinical baptism
Word: clinical Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- Proto-Indo-European *-éyti Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- Proto-Indo-European *-né- Proto-Indo-European *ḱl̥néyti Proto-Hellenic *klíňňō Ancient Greek κλῑ́νω (klī́nō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā) Ancient Greek -η (-ē) Ancient Greek κλῑ́νη (klī́nē) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós) Ancient Greek κλῑνῐκός (klīnĭkós)bor. Late Latin clīnicus French cliniquebor. English clinic English -al English clinical From clinic + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈklɪn.ɪ.kəl/ 1. A medical student's session spent in a real-world nursing environment.
Word: clumsily Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English clumsy Middle English -ly English -ly English clumsily From clumsy + -ly. 1. In a clumsy manner or way; without care or finesse, often hurriedly or awkwardly. Example: But, bowing with sketchily joined hands, they smiled their way clumsily out, down to the darkness.
Word: contourné Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French contourné, from Latin con- (“altogether, completely”) and tornāre (“to make round”). 1. Facing sinister instead of dexter. Labels: not-comparable
Word: contextualization Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English context English -ual English contextual Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ization English contextualization From contextual + -ization. 1. The act or process of putting information into context; making sense of information from the situation or location in which the information was found. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: contextualisation Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of contextualization. Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable
Word: constitutional amendment Part of Speech: noun 1. A law or change to an existing law that is added to a governing document.
Word: Pauline conversion Part of Speech: noun 1. The conversion of Paul the Apostle to Christianity on the road to Damascus. 2. Any life-changing event in which one's views are significantly altered. Labels: broadly
Word: overcooked Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. 1. simple past and past participle of overcook Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: overcooked Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From over- + cooked. 1. Made unpalatable or inedible by cooking for too long. Example: This meat is overcooked, almost burnt. Example: If you boil it for hours, it becomes rubbery and overcooked. 2. Done to excess. Example: His Elvis impersonation was embarrassingly overcooked.
Word: overemphasis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Germanic *uber Old English ofer- Middle English over- English over- English emphasis English overemphasis From over- + emphasis. 1. Excessive emphasis. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: overstuffed Part of Speech: adj Etymology: ] From over- + stuffed. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊvəstʌft/, /ˈoʊvɚstʌft/ 1. Filled beyond capacity. Example: […] Mr. [John "Walking"] Stewart used to observe, that the deplorable effect of too much book learning is to deprive man of self-examination, through an over-stuffed memory, which prevents the exercise of the faculties of imagination, judgment, and reflection, and to make conscience depend on the will of others, and not on self-knowledge; […] Example: He was so round and fat that his stomach looked like an overstuffed dumpling, with his waistcoat for a crust, and his mouth was drawn down at the corners in a plaintive way, which contrasted oddly with the fun that twinkled in his eyes. 2. Of a piece of upholstered furniture, such as a chair or sofa: Covered completely and deeply with upholstery or overstuffing. Example: We furnished our first nest with castoffs. Friends alerted us to an overstuffed chair that someone on the far side of the ballpark was, outrageously, throwing out. No three dishes matched. We owned one big-ticket item: a clock radio. Every morning, we woke to the broadcast calls of birds.
Word: overstuffed Part of Speech: verb Etymology: ] From over- + stuffed. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊvəstʌft/, /ˈoʊvɚstʌft/ 1. simple past and past participle of overstuff. Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: old school Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is derived from old + school (“followers of a particular doctrine; particular doctrine or way of thinking”), probably a shortening of old school of thinking, old school of thought, or some similar phrase. The adjective is derived from the attributive form of the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊl(d)skuːl/, /ˈoʊl(d)ˌskul/ 1. Preceded by the: a group of people characterized by being conservative or traditional; also, a method for accomplishing a task, a style, or a way of thinking that was employed in a former era, remembered either for its inferiority to the current method, or for its superiority over the new way. Labels: idiomatic, uncountable Example: Family experts are advocating a change away from the old school, advising parents not to medicate behavioural problems. Example: My mom’s a good baker because she’s of the old school. She’d never buy ready-made cookie dough. 2. A style of popular music regarded as more old-fashioned or traditional, or not following newer trends; specifically (often old skool), hip-hop or rap music of the late 1970s and 1980s (or more recent music of this style) as contrasted with newer styles of such music. Labels: idiomatic, uncountable Example: Rap is not one particular thing. Just like there are many different types of music, there are different types of rap. Hardcore, like Ice Cube, or OldSchool, like the Sugarhill Gang, are two facets on the gem we call hip hop.
Word: old school Part of Speech: adj Etymology: The noun is derived from old + school (“followers of a particular doctrine; particular doctrine or way of thinking”), probably a shortening of old school of thinking, old school of thought, or some similar phrase. The adjective is derived from the attributive form of the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊl(d)skuːl/, /ˈoʊl(d)ˌskul/ 1. Now often old-school: characteristic of a method for accomplishing a task, a style, or a way of thinking that was employed in a former era, remembered either for its inferiority to the current method, or for its superiority over the new way. Labels: idiomatic Example: That teacher’s old-school methods aren’t effective. They’re just annoying. Example: Man, I love that jacket; it’s so old school. 2. Of or relating to a style of popular music regarded as more old-fashioned or traditional, or not following newer trends; specifically (often old skool), of or relating to hip-hop or rap music of the late 1970s and 1980s (or more recent music of this style) as contrasted with newer styles of such music. Labels: idiomatic Example: Also look out for a PHAT PHAT oldskool style tune on Jemini [the Gifted One]'s album set to drop in the next couple of weeks. It uses the Love Unlimited 'Strange Games and Things' break, and comes on with the old skool rhymes believe … 3. Chiefly in the form Old School: having conservative or traditional views on Christianity or politics. Labels: US, idiomatic Example: Local politicians assume various appellations, such as New School and Old School Democrats, Snyderites, Clintonians, and many others, mostly derived from the name or principles of some popular demagogue. Example: [W]e both agree that you are defrauding some honest man of his just due. I recommend that you form an acquaintance, with a view to prospective results for life, with some well-settled, Old-School Presbyterian clergyman, and send me some of the cake.
Word: octoploid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From octo- + -ploid. 1. having eight complete sets of chromosomes in a single cell Labels: not-comparable
Word: octoploid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From octo- + -ploid. 1. a cell that has eight complete sets of chromosomes 2. an organism whose cells have eight complete sets of chromosomes
Word: confectioner's cream Part of Speech: noun 1. Cream used by confectioners to make pies, etc. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: musculature Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French musculature. 1. The collection of all muscles in a single body or in a single organ. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The structural configuration of muscle in a body or organ. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: bavarois Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French bavarois. Pronunciation: /ˌbævə(ɹ)ˈwɑː/, /ˌbɑvɚˈwɑ/ 1. A pudding similar to pastry cream but thickened with gelatin or isinglass instead of flour or cornstarch, and flavoured with liqueur.
Word: wood grouse Part of Speech: noun 1. The capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus.
Word: musclebound Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From muscle + bound. Pronunciation: /ˈmʌsəlˌbaʊnd/ 1. Having pronounced muscle development through weightlifting, bodybuilding, or other physical exercise. Example: Work til you're musclebound all night long / Gotta work til you're musclebound all night long 2. Having excessive muscle (sometimes with implications of correspondingly inferior intellect). Labels: derogatory 3. Ungainly as a result of muscle over-development. Labels: figuratively
Word: palæontologist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English palæontology Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English palæontologist From palæontology + -ist. 1. Dated spelling of palaeontologist.
Word: palaeontologist Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of paleontologist. Labels: Commonwealth, alt-of, alternative
Word: polyploid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From poly- + -ploid. Pronunciation: /ˈpɑliˌplɔɪd/, /ˈpɑləˌplɔɪd/, /ˈpɒlɪˌplɔɪd/ 1. Having more than the usual number of complete sets of chromosomes in a single cell. Labels: not-comparable
Word: polyploid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From poly- + -ploid. Pronunciation: /ˈpɑliˌplɔɪd/, /ˈpɑləˌplɔɪd/, /ˈpɒlɪˌplɔɪd/ 1. A polyploid cell. 2. A polyploid organism.
Word: polyploidy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From polyploid + -y, after German Polyploidie. Pronunciation: /ˈpɒlɪplɔɪdi/ 1. The condition of being polyploid or the process of becoming polyploid. Labels: uncountable Example: As they mature, the DNA is replicated several times but the cell does not divide, a condition known as polyploidy which allows cells to increase in size. Example: This propensity to polyploidy helps account for the diversity (and thus success) of flowering plants, in particular. It is also known that flowering plants sailed majestically through the life-destroying asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous period, which did for the dinosaurs and many other animals. 2. An instance of being polyploid. Labels: countable
Word: ripped Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ɹɪpt/ 1. simple past and past participle of rip Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: ripped Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ɹɪpt/ 1. Torn, either partly or into separate pieces. 2. Pulled away from forcefully. 3. In data storage, transferred to a hard disk from another portable media form. 4. Copied or stolen usually from an identified source. Example: Stream ripping had a major impact on the global recorded music industry in 2016. This fast growing piracy delivery method witnessed a 60% year-on-year growth globally. 5. Having extremely low bodyfat content so that the shape of the underlying muscles become pronounced. Said especially of well-defined abdominal muscles or of men who have them. Example: Near-synonyms: jacked, shredded Example: With the average male competitor weighing around 220, the total poundage of raw, ripped mass in the preliminary lineup is over 3,700 pounds. 6. Drunk, inebriated. Labels: slang Example: 1970-1975, Lou Sullivan, personal diary, quoted in 2019, Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), We Both Laughed In Pleasure So I commenced to drink the whole bottle for the 2nd time in my life & got really really ripped. I only remember bits of the nite.
Word: make a muscle Part of Speech: verb 1. To flex the biceps muscles in the upper arm as a show of muscular strength or development
Word: ripple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From an alteration of rimple. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ 1. A moving disturbance, or undulation, in the surface of a fluid. Example: I dropped a small stone into the pond and watched the ripples spread. Example: What seamen call the "ripples" are also very violent in the straits, the sea appearing to boil and foam and dance like the rapids below a cataract; vessels are swept about helplessly, and small ones are occasionally swamped in the finest weather and under the brightest skies. 2. One of a series of corrugations in flat surface. Example: The ebbing tide had left ripples in the sand. 3. A sound similar to that of undulating water. 4. A style of ice cream in which flavors have been coarsely blended together. Example: I enjoy fudge ripple ice cream, but I especially like to dig through the carton to get at the ripple part and eat only that. 5. A small oscillation of an otherwise steady signal. 6. A small spreading change, impact, or effect produced by a larger or more consequential action. Labels: figuratively Example: Investments in research, deployment and scaling existing technologies are the initial ripples that will have to build to a groundswell of further action.
Word: ripple Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From an alteration of rimple. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ 1. To move like the undulating surface of a body of water; to undulate. Labels: intransitive 2. To propagate like a moving wave. Labels: intransitive Example: These problems were complicated by a foreign exchange crunch which rippled through the economy in 1961-1962, […] 3. To make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore. Labels: intransitive 4. To shape into a series of ripples. Labels: transitive 5. To launch or unleash in rapid succession. Labels: transitive Example: Hearns' 'Mech rippled fifteen missiles. Austen watched the missiles go in. They smashed into a copse of trees, smashing the trunks aside.
Word: ripple Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *ripelen, repulen, equivalent to rip + -le (frequentative suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ 1. To scratch, tear, or break slightly; graze Labels: transitive Example: An horsemans javelin[…]having slightly rippled the skinne of his left arme, pierced within his short ribs.
Word: ripple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare German Low German Repel, Dutch repel, German Riffel, extended forms (with instrumental or diminutive -le) of Low German Repe (“ripple”), Dutch repe (“ripple”). Compare also Dutch repen, German reffen, Swedish repa (“to beat; ripple”). The verb is from Middle English ripplen, rypelen. Compare Low German repelen, Dutch repelen, German riffeln. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ 1. An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.
Word: ripple Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Compare German Low German Repel, Dutch repel, German Riffel, extended forms (with instrumental or diminutive -le) of Low German Repe (“ripple”), Dutch repe (“ripple”). Compare also Dutch repen, German reffen, Swedish repa (“to beat; ripple”). The verb is from Middle English ripplen, rypelen. Compare Low German repelen, Dutch repelen, German riffeln. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ 1. To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of a ripple.
Word: ripple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Dialectal form of thripple. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ 1. thripple, cart ladder (extension for cart or wagon) Labels: dialectal, historical
Word: triangulate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin triangulum + -ate or Medieval Latin *triangulāt-, the past participial stem of *triangulō. Compare French trianguler. Pronunciation: /tɹaɪˈæŋɡjəleɪt/ 1. To locate by means of triangulation. Example: "I'll give you a check now," I said abruptly, and saw Selina's green eyes triangulate angrily on my face. 2. To pit two others against each other in order to achieve a desired outcome or to gain an advantage; to "play both sides against the middle". Example: Cruz, meanwhile, could wind up in the hot seat as he tries to triangulate between his disagreement with Trump’s position and his clear unwillingness to openly attack. Example: By attempting to triangulate, Labour convinced leavers it was for remain and remainers that it was for leave. The party looked cynical and opportunistic, […] 3. To divide into triangles.
Word: triangulate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin triangulātus. By surface analysis, tri- + angulate. Pronunciation: /tɹaɪˈæŋɡjəleɪt/ 1. Synonym of triangular. Labels: not-comparable
Word: Tudor Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Welsh Tudur (“Theodoric”), from Proto-Celtic *Toutorīxs, later adopted as the surname of a British royal family. Piecewise doublet of Theodoric, Theoderic, Terry, and Derek. Pronunciation: /ˈtjuːdəː/, [ˈtʰjʊu̯dəː], /ˈt͡ʃuːdəː/, [ˈt͡ʃʰʊu̯dəː], /ˈtudɚ/ 1. A monarch of the English royal family during the sixteenth century, specifically, King Henry VII and Henry VIII or one of his three children who ascended the throne. 2. Anyone who lived in the Tudor era of England. Example: The Tudors ate far more meat than we do today, and the king ate more than most. Example: The Tudors mostly made theirs with whatever homegrown vegetables they could grow themselves, from lettuces and cucumbers, to onions and even plant and flower seeds. 3. A style of dress popular in Britain during the sixteenth century. Labels: uncountable
Word: Tudor Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Welsh Tudur (“Theodoric”), from Proto-Celtic *Toutorīxs, later adopted as the surname of a British royal family. Piecewise doublet of Theodoric, Theoderic, Terry, and Derek. Pronunciation: /ˈtjuːdəː/, [ˈtʰjʊu̯dəː], /ˈt͡ʃuːdəː/, [ˈt͡ʃʰʊu̯dəː], /ˈtudɚ/ 1. Pertaining to the English monarchs of the sixteenth century. 2. Pertaining to the period of English history ruled by King Henry VII, Henry VIII and the children of Henry VIII. 3. In the style of English buildings of the sixteenth century; using exposed wooden beams on the exterior. Example: A massive Tudor estate with a circular driveway, it looked more like an English finishing school than a home.
Word: turbulence Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English turbulence (“turbidity, cloudiness”), from Late Latin turbulentia (“trouble, disquiet”). By surface analysis, turbulent + -ence. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː.bjə.ləns/, /ˈtɝ.bjə.ləns/ 1. The state or fact of being turbulent or agitated; tempestuousness, disturbance. Labels: uncountable Example: Turbulence was everywhere, within every blade of grass, every drop of dew on a leaf, every cloud in the sky, and every star beyond. The turbulence was purposeless, but in huge quantities of purposeless turbulence, purpose took shape. 2. Disturbance in a gas or fluid, characterized by evidence of internal motion or unrest. Labels: uncountable 3. Specifically, a state of agitation or disturbance in the air which is disruptive to an aircraft. Labels: uncountable 4. An instance or type of such state or disturbance. Labels: countable Example: In a brief and abashed Tory conference speech, Kwarteng admitted it had been a “tough day” – hours after rowing back on the tax cut for high earners. He said his economic plan had caused “a little turbulence”.
Word: guerrilla warfare Part of Speech: noun 1. A form of combat using groups of irregular, light, mobile troops within areas occupied by an enemy force, usually through hit-and-run tactics. Labels: uncountable
Word: geometrisation Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of geometrization. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: surcoat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English surcote, from Old French surcote, formed with sur (“over”) and cote (“coat, robe, tunic, overgarment”), respelled based on coat. Pronunciation: /ˈsɜːˌkəʊt/, /ˈsɜɹˌkoʊt/ 1. A loose sleeveless garment worn over a suit of armor, sometimes colored or embroidered with the wearer's coat of arms. Labels: historical Example: The ordered system of symbols which we know as heraldry came into being in the twelfth century to meet a military need. These symbols were emblazoned on shields, surcoats and fighting flags, and served as an invaluable means of identification when the features were obscured by the great helm. Example: The Lord mayor and sheriff ride in their armour with surcoats of crimson. 2. An overgarment worn over a woman's gown; a kind of short robe worn over the tunic at the close of the 11th century. Labels: historical Example: She wore a short surcoat of scarlet, cut low around the shoulders, sleeveless, reaching just below her hips, like the tabards worn by medieval heralds. Over it she wore a laced-edged cotta.
Word: geometrization Part of Speech: noun 1. The use of geometrical concepts and techniques in a different field of study, or the process of making something geometrical. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The description of a space as a geometry. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: string bean Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named for the tough, fibrous string running along the length of the pod (even though it is not present in some modern varieties). 1. Any long, slender green bean. Example: Summer squashes almost in their golden blossom; cucumbers, now evincing a tendency to spread away from the main stock, and ramble far and wide; two or three rows of string-beans and as many more that were about to festoon themselves on poles; Example: Well, I rung the fallout shelter bell / And I leaned my head and I gave a yell / “Give me a string bean, I’m a hungry man” / A shotgun fired and away I ran 2. Any long, slender green bean. 3. Any long, slender green bean. 4. Any long, slender green bean. 5. Any long, slender green bean. 6. A tall and thin person. Labels: figuratively Example: My way o’ doing things suits me, and I don’t figure on changing it for you or any other half-baked young string-bean. Example: She was once a tall stringbean of a girl whom the boys called “Red” in high school.
Word: substratum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from New Latin substrātum, nominalisation of the neuter of Latin substrātus, perfect passive participle of substernō. By surface analysis, sub- + stratum. Pronunciation: /səbˈstrɑ.təm/, /səbˈstreɪ̯.təm/ 1. A layer that lies underneath another. 2. The underlying cause or basis of something. Labels: figuratively Example: However exaggerated an estimate this might be, the substratum of truth was solid and auriferous enough to dazzle the imagination. 3. A substrate.
Word: grapple Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *grapplen (“to seize, lay hold of”), from Old English *græpplian (“to seize”) (compare Old English ġegræppian (“to seize”)), from Proto-Germanic *graipilōną, *grabbalōną (“to seize”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to take, seize, rake”), equivalent to grab + -le. Cognate with Dutch grabbelen (“to grope, scramble, scrabble”), German grabbeln (“to rummage, grope about”) and grapsen, grapschen (“to seize, grasp, grabble”). Influenced in some senses by grapple (“tool with claws or hooks”, noun) (see below). See further at grasp. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹæpəl/ 1. To seize something and hold it firmly. Labels: transitive 2. To wrestle or tussle. Labels: intransitive 3. To ponder and intensely evaluate a problem; to struggle to deal with. Labels: figuratively Example: to grapple with one's conscience Example: Class 4 2-6-4T No. 42098 grapples with the 1 in 63 to Troutbeck at the head of the "Lakes Express".
Word: grapple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English *grapplen (“to seize, lay hold of”), from Old English *græpplian (“to seize”) (compare Old English ġegræppian (“to seize”)), from Proto-Germanic *graipilōną, *grabbalōną (“to seize”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to take, seize, rake”), equivalent to grab + -le. Cognate with Dutch grabbelen (“to grope, scramble, scrabble”), German grabbeln (“to rummage, grope about”) and grapsen, grapschen (“to seize, grasp, grabble”). Influenced in some senses by grapple (“tool with claws or hooks”, noun) (see below). See further at grasp. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹæpəl/ 1. A close hand-to-hand struggle. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The act of grappling. (uncountable) Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: grapple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English *grapple, *graple, from Old French grappil (“a ship's grapple”) (compare Old French grappin (“hook”)), from Old French grape, grappe, crape (“hook”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *krappō (“hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *grep- (“hook”), *gremb- (“crooked, uneven”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, bend, twist”). See further at grape. Influenced in some senses by grapple (“seize”, verb) (see above). Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹæpəl/ 1. A tool with claws or hooks which is used to catch or hold something. 2. A tool with claws or hooks which is used to catch or hold something.
Word: grapple Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *grapple, *graple, from Old French grappil (“a ship's grapple”) (compare Old French grappin (“hook”)), from Old French grape, grappe, crape (“hook”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *krappō (“hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *grep- (“hook”), *gremb- (“crooked, uneven”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, bend, twist”). See further at grape. Influenced in some senses by grapple (“seize”, verb) (see above). Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹæpəl/ 1. To fasten, as with a grapple; (by extension) to fix; to join indissolubly. Labels: transitive Example: The gallies were grapled to the Centurion. Example: Grapple them to thy soul with hoops of steel. 2. To climb (whether by means of a grapple and rope, or by hand, etc). Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: Sam quickly geared up and placed the first hook. “I am coming as well,” Alicia announced. […] Sam planted the anchor and then grappled down as Alicia struggled to move more than a foot or shift down. Example: In cases such as this, the Silencer usually grappled up the outside of the building. But Rumpus' tower was sixty storeys tall […] 3. To use a grapple (for example to attempt to find, hook, and raise a net or cable). Labels: intransitive Example: The following days I spent patrolling the river and grappling for nets. On Wednesday , 18th July , left Gananoque at 7 a.m.; patrolled down to Rockport, […] Example: After returning from the cable factory with another load of cable and repeaters, the buoy will be recovered or the rope grappled for. When the previous section is aboard the ship, transmission tests are made […] 4. To hook and raise with a grapple. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: The place where the cable got jammed and broken at the bottom was two or three miles from where I grappled up the cable the first time. I do not, of course, know for certain whether rocks with crevices exist. Example: [page 11:] Weston had just grappled the net, when we saw the light corning up the lake. [page 15:] A. About an hour and a half after dark with Weston I rowed across to this point where the net was set, and he, with a grappling hook, grappled up the net.
Word: grapple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of grape + apple. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹæpəl/ 1. A combination of grape and apple flavors. Labels: uncountable Example: Lady Cheron looks at the cupboards. Both apple butter and apple jelly, as well as "grapple" (grape-apple) jelly are sitting in little mason jars on the top shelf. Example: Bradley’s mother prefers grapple juice that is 25 percent grape and 75 percent apple.
Word: greatcoat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰer-der. Proto-Germanic *grautaz Proto-West Germanic *graut Old English grēat Middle English grete English great Proto-Germanic *kuttôbor. Latin cotta Old French cottebor. Middle English cote English coat English greatcoat From great + coat. 1. A heavy overcoat. Example: The members quietly rose from the board and took their hats from the hat-pins, and the geggee took down his greatcoat, and, with the most satisfied air possible, buttoned it across his breast.
Word: archeology Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French archéologie, from Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”), from ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”). By surface analysis, archeo- + -logy, but not coined in that way. Pronunciation: /ˌɑː.kiːˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/, /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ 1. Uncommon spelling of archaeology. Labels: US, alt-of, uncommon, uncountable, usually Example: By the end of the century, the APS’s membership included the leaders of the American anthropological establishment, whose primary investigative interests were the ethnography, linguistics, archeology, and physical anthropology of the American Indian, within a theoretical structure that was essentially historical.
Word: stele Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “upright rock; pillar; column”), plural form στῆλαι (stêlai). Doublet of stela. Pronunciation: /ˈstiːli/, /stiːl/ 1. An upright (or formerly upright) slab containing engraved or painted decorations or inscriptions; a stela. Example: A superior class of members...had their names inscribed upon a marble stélé or column. Example: It appears, that when any one of the family died, a stelè to his memory was added to the tomb. 2. Any carved or engraved surface. Labels: uncommon Example: Two large hieroglyphed steles incised upon the face of a projecting mass of boldly rounded cliff. 3. An acroterion, the decoration on the ridge of an ancient Greek building such as a temple. Labels: obsolete Example: Stele. The ornaments on the ridge of a Greek temple, answering to the antefixæ on the summit of the flank entablatures, are thus designated.
Word: stele Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From 1886 French stèle, from Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “upright rock; pillar; column”). 1. The central core of a plant's root and stem system, especially including the vascular tissue and developed from the plerome. Example: The stele may have—in different structures—one to many protoxylem (primitive wood) groups, and is accordingly described as monarch...diarch...triarch...tetrarch...polyarch. Example: The so-called central cylinder, for which Van Tieghem has proposed the name stele (column).
Word: Gregorian Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English Gregory Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānus Latin -iānusbor. English -ian English Gregorian From Gregory + -ian. Pronunciation: /ɡɹɪˈɡɔːɹi.ən/ 1. Of or relating to a person named Gregory, especially any of the popes of that name. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of or pertaining to the Gregorian calendar. Labels: not-comparable Example: An average Gregorian year is 365.2425 days. 3. Of or relating to James Gregory (mathematician), inventor of the Gregorian telescope. Labels: not-comparable
Word: Gregorian Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Gregory Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānus Latin -iānusbor. English -ian English Gregorian From Gregory + -ian. Pronunciation: /ɡɹɪˈɡɔːɹi.ən/ 1. A member of the Brotherhood of Saint Gregory.
Word: stretch mark Part of Speech: noun 1. Any of a series of red (or purple or faded), irregular stripes on the surface of the skin caused by rapid growth of the tissues lying just underneath. They may appear as a result of pregnancy, puberty, obesity, rapid muscle growth or family history. Example: Nobody in Cameron's family has stretch marks, and he thinks it's because their tissues grow slowly enough for the skin to catch up. Example: She hadn't even looked pregnant, especially with her clothes on. She'd gotten only one stretch mark. A thin, jagged line on her left booty cheek.
Word: œstrogen Part of Speech: noun 1. Dated spelling of oestrogen.
Word: estrogen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁eysh₂-der. Ancient Greek οἶστρος (oîstros)der. Latin oestrusbor. English estrus Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-)der. Latin -o-bor. English -o- English estro- Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os Proto-Hellenic *génos Ancient Greek γένος (génos) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor. French -gènebor. English -gen English estrogen From estro- (estrus) + -gen (“a producer of”). Pronunciation: /ˈɛstɹəd͡ʒən/, /ˈiːstɹəd͡ʒən/ 1. Any of a group of steroids that are secreted by the ovaries and function as female sex hormones. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: secondly, in many hormone-target organ interactions including the effect of estrogen on rat uterus, growth hormone and hydrocortisone on rat liver and thyroid hormone on toadpole liver, newly formed microsomes have been isolated which have increased protein synthesizing ability (Tata, 1968). Example: It is known as Hatschek's pit and has been found to react positively to antibodies against substance P, met-enkephalin, cholecystokinin (CCK), mammalian luteinizing hormone (LH), and the enzyme aromatase (P450ₐᵣₒ), which converts certain androgens into estrogens (see Chapter 3).
Word: oestrogen Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of estrogen. Labels: Commonwealth, alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable