nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: recruit Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From French recruter (as a verb). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈkɹut/, /ɹɪˈkɹuːt/ 1. To enroll or enlist new members or potential employees on behalf of an employer, organization, sports team, the military, etc. Example: We need to recruit more admin staff to deal with the massive surge in popularity of our products 2. To supply with new men, as an army; to fill up or make up by enlistment; also, to muster Example: the army was recruited for a campaign Example: they were looking to recruit two thousand troops for battle 3. To replenish, renew, or reinvigorate by fresh supplies; to remedy a lack or deficiency in. Labels: archaic Example: Her cheeks glow the brighter, recruiting their colour. Example: “You have surprized my poor niece so, that she can hardly, I see, support herself.——Go, my dear, retire, and endeavour to recruit your spirits; for I see you have occasion.” At which words Sophia, who never received a more welcome command, hastily withdrew. 4. To become an adult or breeding-age member of a population. Labels: intransitive 5. To prompt a protein, leucocyte. etc. to intervene in a given region of the body. 6. To recuperate; to gain health, flesh, spirits, or the like. Labels: dated, intransitive Example: Lean cattle recruit in fresh pastures. Example: Go to the country to recruit.
Word: redress Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English redressen, from Anglo-Norman radresser, redrescer, redrescier and Middle French redresser (“to stand (someone or something) up; to stand up again; to rebuild, to repair something damaged, to rectify, to restore; to obtain redress; to cure; (of hair) to stand on end; to revise a judgment”) (modern French redresser), from Old French redrecier (“to stand (someone or something) up; to stand up again”), from Old French re- (“again, once more”) (from Latin re-, from Proto-Italic *wre (“again”); further etymology uncertain) + Old French drechier, drecier, dresser (“to dress; to stand up”) (from Vulgar Latin *drēctiāre, a contracted form of *dīrēctiāre, from Latin dīrēctus (“straight”)). Compare Catalan redreçar, Spanish redreçar (obsolete), Italian redreçare, redrezare, redricciare, ridirizzare (all obsolete), ridrizzare, Late Latin redressare (“to repair; to set right”), Old Occitan redreisar, redresar. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈdɹɛs/, /ɹiˈdɹɛs/, /ɹəˈdɹɛs/ 1. To put in order again; to set right; to revise. Example: Let us divide our labours; thou, where choice / Leads thee, or where most needs, whether to wind / The woodbine round this arbour, or direct / The clasping ivy where to climb; while I, / In yonder spring of roses intermixed / With myrtle, find what to redress till noon: […] Example: Sir; When last in Philadelphia, you mentioned to me your wish that I should re-dress a certain paper, which you had prepared. As it is important, that a thing of this kind should be done with great care, and much at leisure, touched and retouched, I submit a wish, that, as soon as you have given it the body you mean it to have, it may be sent to me. 2. To set right (a wrong); to repair, (an injury or damage); to make amends for; to remedy; to relieve from. Example: And for thoſe Wrongs, thoſe bitter Iniuries, […] / I doubt not, but with Honor to redreſſe. Example: The approach has been met with little acceptance and, in our view, for reasons we described elsewhere[…], cannot fundamentally redress the inequality described above. 3. To make amends or compensation to; to relieve of anything unjust or oppressive; to bestow relief upon. Example: Nor envy we / Thy great reknown, nor grudge thy victory; / 'Tis thine, O king! the afflicted to redress, / And fame has fill'd the world with thy success: […] Example: Hereditary bondsmen! know ye not / Who would be free themselves must strike the blow? / By their right arms the conquest must be wrought? / Will Gaul or Muscovite redress ye? no! 4. To put upright again; to restore. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Syr ſaid Dynadan I ſhalle gyue you my beholdynge / wel ſaid Palomydes / thenne ſhall ye ſee how we ſhalle redreſſe our myghtes
Word: redress Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English redressen, from Anglo-Norman radresser, redrescer, redrescier and Middle French redresser (“to stand (someone or something) up; to stand up again; to rebuild, to repair something damaged, to rectify, to restore; to obtain redress; to cure; (of hair) to stand on end; to revise a judgment”) (modern French redresser), from Old French redrecier (“to stand (someone or something) up; to stand up again”), from Old French re- (“again, once more”) (from Latin re-, from Proto-Italic *wre (“again”); further etymology uncertain) + Old French drechier, drecier, dresser (“to dress; to stand up”) (from Vulgar Latin *drēctiāre, a contracted form of *dīrēctiāre, from Latin dīrēctus (“straight”)). Compare Catalan redreçar, Spanish redreçar (obsolete), Italian redreçare, redrezare, redricciare, ridirizzare (all obsolete), ridrizzare, Late Latin redressare (“to repair; to set right”), Old Occitan redreisar, redresar. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈdɹɛs/, /ɹiˈdɹɛs/, /ɹəˈdɹɛs/ 1. The act of redressing; a making right; amendment; correction; reformation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Iohn. [of Lancaster] […] Let's drinke together friendly, and embrace, / That all their eyes may beare thoſe Tokens home, / Of our reſtored Loue and Amitie. / Biſh. [Archbishop of York] I take your Princely word, for theſe redreſſes. 2. A setting right, as of injury, oppression, or wrong, such as the redress of grievances; hence, indemnification; relief; remedy; reparation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. Example: "Good heavens!" cried Elizabeth; "but how could that be?—How could his will be disregarded?—Why did you not seek legal redress?" 3. A possibility to set right, or a possibility to seek a remedy, for instance in court Labels: countable, uncountable 4. One who, or that which, gives relief; a redresser. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: redress Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English dress English redress From re- + dress. Pronunciation: /ˌɹiːˈdɹɛs/, /ɹiˈdɹɛs/ 1. To dress again. Example: The top soil, which was removed before the main excavations, is being redressed on the new slopes to a depth of 4 in. and sown with grass seed. Example: The teacher first undressed and redressed the doll for the child, then showed her how to pull the snaps apart. No other activity interested the little girl, and after repeated demonstrations she was still trying unsuccessfully to undress the doll. 2. To redecorate a previously existing film set so that it can double for another set. Example: Meanwhile the actors rearranged themselves into a different blocking, as the prop department redressed the set. Example: [Val] Lewton would redress standing sets, turning a church into an insane asylum or the staircase for Orson Welles' The Magnificent Ambersons into the staircase for the young girl's apartment in Cat People. […] [Y]ou should be thinking about trying to reuse every location you have as another location, either by using another room or another angle or re-dressing what's already there.
Word: redress Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English dress English redress From re- + dress. Pronunciation: /ˌɹiːˈdɹɛs/, /ɹiˈdɹɛs/ 1. The redecoration of a previously existing film set so that it can double for another set. Example: The Honeydukes set in this film is a redress of the set of Flourish and Blotts that was seen in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, which, in turn, was a redress of the Ollivander's set from the first film.
Word: ree Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. Alternative form of rei (“Portuguese real”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: ree Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English rei, reh, reoh, from Old English hrēoh (“rough, fierce, wild, angry, disturbed, troubled, stormy, tempestuous”), from Proto-Germanic *hreuhaz (“bad, wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cognate with Scots ree, rae, ray (“ree”), Old Saxon hrē (“evil, bad, angry”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (inrauhtjan, “to become angry, rage against”). Related to Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”). More at raw. Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. Wild; fierce; outrageous; overexcited; frenzied; delirious; crazy. Labels: dialectal Example: "I saw,", says I, "he was a ree-brained divell, but thought nothing of it, as all the British are so when they come abroad." 2. Befuddled with liquor; half-drunk; tipsy. Labels: dialectal Example: One of the witnesses speaks of having seen this sober judge "upon the bench, when he appeared to be ree, and as if he had been drunk the night before."
Word: ree Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rei, reh, reoh, from Old English hrēoh (“rough, fierce, wild, angry, disturbed, troubled, stormy, tempestuous”), from Proto-Germanic *hreuhaz (“bad, wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cognate with Scots ree, rae, ray (“ree”), Old Saxon hrē (“evil, bad, angry”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (inrauhtjan, “to become angry, rage against”). Related to Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”). More at raw. Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. A state of befuddlement; intoxication. Labels: dialectal 2. A state of great excitement or frenzy. Labels: dialectal
Word: ree Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rei, reh, reoh, from Old English hrēoh (“rough, fierce, wild, angry, disturbed, troubled, stormy, tempestuous”), from Proto-Germanic *hreuhaz (“bad, wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cognate with Scots ree, rae, ray (“ree”), Old Saxon hrē (“evil, bad, angry”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (inrauhtjan, “to become angry, rage against”). Related to Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”). More at raw. Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. To become extremely excited; fly into a rage. Labels: dialectal, intransitive 2. To drive into a state of excitement; fire with enthusiasm. Labels: dialectal, transitive
Word: ree Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Compare riddle (“a sieve”). Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. To riddle; to sift; to separate or throw off. Labels: UK, dialectal, obsolete Example: After it is well rubbed and winnowed, you must then Ree it over in a fine Sieve , and if any of the Malt be uncleansed , then rub it again into the Sieve , 'till it be pure , and the rubbings will ariſe on the Top of the Sieve
Word: ree Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Of obscure origin. Perhaps from a rebracketing of ea with Old English þære, i.e. þære ēa becoming the ree. Alternatively, perhaps a variant (like rye, found in the placename Rye) of rith. Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. A small river or stream. Labels: Essex, dialectal, obsolete Example: The church of this pariſh, vulgarly called St. Mary Overy, from its dedication to the virgin Mary, and ſituation over the Ree or river, in reſpect of London, is a ſtately Gothic ſtructure, in the form of a cathedral.
Word: ree Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old Norse hríð (“storm”), whence also Norwegian Nynorsk ri (“period with harsh weather”). Pronunciation: /ɹiː/ 1. A period of stormy or unsettled weather, especially one occurring somewhat predictably at a particular time of year. Labels: Scotland, Shetland, especially Example: To my surprise he took our caustic remarks about the climate very calmly, even cheerfully. "Och, man, it's only the Beltane ree," he said with a lively twinkle, enjoying our bewilderment. Evidently, the Shetland weather was merely putting on a scheduled performance and he for one was very well satisfied with its achievement - but the Beltane ree . . . ? Example: There were three "Rees" (wild tempests), Buggle Ree, Beltane Ree, and Simmer-mill Ree.
Word: reef Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From earlier riff, from Middle English rif, from Old Norse rif (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Germanic *ribją (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rebʰ- (“arch, ceiling, cover”). Dutch rif (“reef”), Low German riff, reff (“reef”), German Riff (“reef, ledge”) are also borrowed from Old Norse. Doublet of rib. Pronunciation: /ɹiːf/ 1. A chain or range of rocks, sand, or coral lying at or near the surface of the water. 2. A large vein of auriferous quartz; hence, any body of rock yielding valuable ore. Labels: Australia, South-Africa
Word: reef Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English reef, from Old Norse rif, Middle Dutch rif, rēve, and/or Middle Low German ref. Possibly a figurative use of the word for “rib” in etymology 1 above, in which case all forms must, again, be borrowings from Old Norse. Alternatively it may be a different word related to Old English rift (“curtain, veil”), ārāfian (“to uncoil, wind off”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːf/ 1. A portion of a sail rolled and tied down to lessen the area exposed in a high wind. Example: They sailed as if they were stark mad; they never took in a reef in the sail, and when the seas filled the boat, they sailed her up on the back of a wave till she stood nearly on end, the water rushing out over her stern as out of a spout. 2. A reef knot.
Word: reef Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English reef, from Old Norse rif, Middle Dutch rif, rēve, and/or Middle Low German ref. Possibly a figurative use of the word for “rib” in etymology 1 above, in which case all forms must, again, be borrowings from Old Norse. Alternatively it may be a different word related to Old English rift (“curtain, veil”), ārāfian (“to uncoil, wind off”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːf/ 1. To take in part of a sail in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind. Example: "When the day arrived that the boy was to be skipper, the weather was calm and fine, but he called all men to reef sails, so the ship had scarcely any sail on her." Example: 1970 July–December, Margaret Quilty, Roller Reefing Made Easy, Boating, page 63, Be sure the blocks are securely mounted—they carry a fairish load when the sail is reefed. If both reefing line and main halyard are led to the cockpit, even singlehanded reefing is a breeze. 2. To pull or yank strongly, especially in relation to horse riding. Labels: Australia Example: And when the Cup came on he stirred them up ′round the barrier and he flew out of the barrier and he pulled and reefed and pulled and reefed and Lewis didn′t let him settle down until about three furlongs from home and when he did settle the horse was all out of stride and he went back through the field a fair bit. Example: Alf told me that one young white stockman, eager to impress the girls, went outside and mounted his horse, then began showing off his prowess, racing past the pub, wheeling and reefing his horse up and down the street, yackeyeing and whooping, flogging his horse with a battered old hat and always turning towards the pub to see if the girls were watching these feats of horsemanship. 3. To move the floats of a paddle wheel toward its center so that they will not dip so deeply. Example: Reef the paddles. 4. To manipulate the lining of a person's pocket in order to steal the contents unnoticed. Labels: slang Example: This was done by "reefing." He put two fingers just inside the opening and lifted the lining a trifle. Although I watched his hands, I could feel nothing, so gently did his fingers work. Reefing a couple of times, he lifted my handkerchief, as he might have taken out anything else.
Word: reef Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English ref, hreof, from Old English hrēof (“rough, scabby, leprous", also "a leper”), from Proto-Germanic *hreubaz (“rough, scabby, scrubby”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreup- (“scab, crust”), related to Old English hrēofla (“leprosy, leper”). Cognate with Scots reif (“a skin disease leaving crusts on the skin, the scab”), Old High German riob (“leprous, scabby, mangy”), Icelandic hrjúfur (“scabby, rough”). Compare riffe, dandruff. Pronunciation: /ɹiːf/ 1. Scabby; scurvy.
Word: reef Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ref, hreof, from Old English hrēof (“rough, scabby, leprous", also "a leper”), from Proto-Germanic *hreubaz (“rough, scabby, scrubby”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreup- (“scab, crust”), related to Old English hrēofla (“leprosy, leper”). Cognate with Scots reif (“a skin disease leaving crusts on the skin, the scab”), Old High German riob (“leprous, scabby, mangy”), Icelandic hrjúfur (“scabby, rough”). Compare riffe, dandruff. Pronunciation: /ɹiːf/ 1. The itch; any eruptive skin disorder. 2. Dandruff.
Word: reek Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rek, reke (“smoke”), from Old English rēc, from Proto-West Germanic *rauki, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz, from Proto-Indo-European *rowgi-. Cognate with West Frisian reek, riik, Dutch rook (“smoke”), Low German Röök, German Rauch (“smoke”), Danish røg (“smoke”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk røyk (“smoke”), Swedish rök (“smoke”), Faroese roykur (“smoke”), Icelandic reykur (“smoke”); also Lithuanian rū̃kti (“to smoke”), rū̃kas (“smoke, fog”), Albanian regj (“to tan”). Pronunciation: /riːk/ 1. A strong unpleasant smell. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Vapour; steam; smoke; fume. Labels: Scotland, countable, uncountable Example: Thou mightst as well say, I loue to walke by the Counter-gate, which is as hatefull to me, as the reeke of a Lime-kill. Example: 1768, Alexander Ross (poet), "Helenore; or, the fortunate Shepherdess": a Poem in the Broad Scoth Dialect Now, by this time, the sun begins to leam, And lit the hill-heads with his morning beam; And birds, and beasts, and folk to be a-steer, And clouds o’ reek frae lum heads to appear.
Word: reek Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English reken (“to smoke”), from Old English rēocan, from Proto-West Germanic *reukan, from Proto-Germanic *reukaną, from Proto-Indo-European *rougi-. See above. Related to Dutch ruiken, Low German rüken, German riechen, Danish ryge, Swedish ryka. Pronunciation: /riːk/ 1. To have or give off a strong, unpleasant smell. Labels: intransitive Example: You reek of perfume. Example: Your fridge reeks of egg. 2. To be evidently associated with something unpleasant. Labels: figuratively, intransitive Example: The boss appointing his nephew as a director reeks of nepotism. 3. To be emitted or exhaled, emanate, as of vapour or perfume. Labels: archaic, intransitive 4. To emit smoke or vapour; to steam. Labels: archaic, intransitive Example: […] innumerable Legions of his Angels of Light, the warm gleames of whose presence is able to make the Mountains to reek and smoak, and to awake that fiery principle that lies dormient in the Earth into a devouring flame. 5. To cause (something) to smell. Labels: rare, transitive Example: The slaughter of lambs in offering reeked the fore-courts of the Temple. Example: [I]f we get caught we're for the gibbet and the chains. Our flesh will reek the wind. 6. To fall in such a way (e.g. particularly finely or heavily) as to resemble smoke. Labels: archaic Example: ... the snow still darkens the air, and reeks along the curling wreaths, as if each were a furnace. Example: the sun, which had been occasionally peeping from amidst the windy, rain-reeking clouds, was getting ominously low. One part, however, of the man's prophecy was not borne out - the weather steadily improved and the wind dropped.
Word: reek Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English reke (“heap, pile”), from Old English hrēac. Pronunciation: /riːk/ 1. A pile, a heap (as of snow, hay, etc). Example: The fen "dikes" have been filled-in in some districts; and the black reeks remind one of snow-reeks, except for their blackness. Example: "There'll be snow-reeks as high as houses if I wait half-an-hour longer." "There'll be no occasion for ye to wade thruff snaw-reeks at all, if ye'll go wi' me. I'll tak ye across th' warpin' till ye get to the sand-lane end, […]
Word: reek Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably a transferred use (after Irish cruach (“stack (of corn), pile, mountain, hill”)) of a variant of rick, with which it is cognate. Pronunciation: /riːk/ 1. A hill; a mountain. Labels: Ireland
Word: reel Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English reel, reele, from Old English rēol, hrēol, from Proto-West Germanic *hrehul, from Proto-Germanic *hrehulaz, *hrahilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krek- (“to weave, beat”). Cognate with Icelandic ræl, hræll. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːl/, [ˈɹʷɪi̯l] 1. A shaky or unsteady gait. Example: Doubtless the present game of chess was developed through just such fiddling; perhaps someone once thought that the drunken reel of the knight was hostile to the essence of Chess. 2. A lively dance originating in Scotland. Example: So strict is the kirk of Scotland, that one minister was unfrocked for writing a play (in former times); and another was sent about his business for being too fond of whiskey and of dancing the reel of Tullochgorum. 3. The music of this dance; often called a Scottish (or Scotch) reel. Example: […]sample the famed waters from the Scottish mountains like a native born, and last but not least, play a reel on the bagpipes in the big hall that set all the laddies and lassies dancing. Example: The traditional reel Within a Mile of Dublin, for instance, distorts until it reaches something quasi-industrial. 4. A kind of spool, turning on an axis, on which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound. Example: a log reel Example: an angler's reel 5. A device consisting of radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the knives. 6. A short compilation of sample film work used as a demonstrative resume in the entertainment industry. 7. A chronological collection of pictures or short videos published by a user on an app or website and typically only available for a short period. Labels: capitalized, sometimes Example: Walking outside is like scrolling reels with your body
Word: reel Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English reel, reele, from Old English rēol, hrēol, from Proto-West Germanic *hrehul, from Proto-Germanic *hrehulaz, *hrahilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krek- (“to weave, beat”). Cognate with Icelandic ræl, hræll. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːl/, [ˈɹʷɪi̯l] 1. To wind on a reel. 2. To spin or revolve repeatedly. 3. To unwind; to bring or acquire something by spinning or winding something else. Example: He reeled off some tape from the roll and sealed the package. 4. To walk shakily or unsteadily; to stagger; move as if drunk or not in control of oneself. Example: They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man. Example: He, with heavy fumes oppress'd, / Reel'd from the palace, and retired to rest. 5. To back off, step away, or sway backwards unsteadily and suddenly. Example: He reeled back from the punch. Example: Terry's fist lashed out, but Simpson, anticipating the blow, stepped quickly to one side. Another followed, however, and caught the older man fairly on the chin, sent him reeling back. 6. To make or cause to reel. 7. To have a whirling sensation; to be giddy. Example: In these lengthened vigils his brain often reeled. Example: The high school had a send-off in my honour. It was an uncommon thing for a young man of Rajkot to go to England. I had written out a few words of thanks. But I could scarcely stammer them out. I remember how my head reeled and how my whole frame shook as I stood up to read them. 8. To be in shock. Labels: especially, figuratively Example: New Jersey was reeling on Wednesday from the impact of Hurricane Sandy, which has caused catastrophic flooding here in Hoboken and in other New York City suburbs, destroyed entire neighborhoods across the state and wiped out iconic boardwalks in shore towns that had enchanted generations of vacationgoers. 9. To produce a mechanical insect-like song, as in grass warblers. 10. To roll. Labels: obsolete Example: And Sisyphus an huge round stone did reele. 11. To bring in or along. Labels: figuratively Example: Frank stood at the sink, and began washing the plates. He realised if he was going to reel his great-aunt into his plan, he was going to have to do it very gently.
Word: reefer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From reef + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːfɚ/, /ˈɹiːfə/ 1. Someone who reefs sails, especially a midshipman. Example: Her reefer cap was all on one side and on her cheek there was the print of an anchor button she had pressed on while sleeping. Example: The mess table, at which the reefers and mates made merry, was fixed in the middle of the berth. 2. A reefer jacket; a close-fitting jacket or short coat of thick cloth.
Word: reefer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of refrigerator. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːfɚ/, /ˈɹiːfə/ 1. A refrigerated, insulated trailer, ship or shipping container. Labels: US, colloquial Example: Was the dark of the moon on the sixth of June In a Kenworth pullin' logs. Cab-over Pete with a reefer on And a Jimmy haulin' hogs. Example: Next to the cash register, a bulletin board was thumbtacked with notes from deadheaders who needed loads heading west, and shippers looking for a reefer (refrigerated truck) going down to Florida. 2. a refrigerator car (type of boxcar). Labels: US
Word: reefer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from Mexican Spanish grifa (“cannabis”) or Central American Spanish grifo (“someone who smokes cannabis”). First attested in the 1920s. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːfɚ/, /ˈɹiːfə/ 1. A marijuana cigarette. Labels: countable, dated, slang Example: 'Most of the real hep-cats smoke reefers,' explained Leiter. 'Wouldn't be allowed most places.' 2. Marijuana. Labels: dated, slang, uncountable Example: Daddy I don't want to go to school because the teacher's a jerk, he must think I'm a fool and all the kids smoke reefer, I think it'd be cheaper if I just got a job learned to be a street sweeper. Example: As time went on and I smoked more reefer, I began to spend more time with other dope smokers, reminiscing on how good the sixties were, rather than actually participating in the current political movements.
Word: reeve Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English reve, from Old English rēfa, an aphetism of ġerēfa (also grœ̄fa), from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō (“officer, official”). Compare Danish greve, Swedish greve, Dutch graaf, German Graf. The role, and eventually the word, was mostly replaced by bailiff, of Anglo-Norman origin. Pronunciation: /ɹiːv/ 1. Any of several local officials, with varying responsibilities. Labels: historical Example: His first convert was the reeve of the city of Lincoln called Blæcca, ... 2. The president of a township or municipal district council. Labels: Canada 3. The holder of a proposed but unadopted commissioned rank of the Royal Air Force, equivalent to wing commander. Labels: historical Example: A list of new titles was manufactured as follows: Ensign, Lieutenant, Flight-Leader, Squadron-Leader, Reeve, Banneret, Fourth-Ardian, Third-Ardian, Second-Ardian, Ardian, Air Marshal. […] “Reeve”, perhaps, savoured a little too much of legal authority.
Word: reeve Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Apparent alternative form of reef (“to pull or yank strongly”, verb) or from Dutch reven (“to take in, insert”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːv/ 1. To pass (a rope) through a hole or opening, especially so as to fasten it. Labels: dialectal Example: "Let the rope go," he says. With his other hand he reaches down and reeves the two turns from the stanchion.
Word: reeve Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant of dialectal ree, but of obscure ultimate origin. Pronunciation: /ɹiːv/ 1. A female of the species Philomachus pugnax, a highly gregarious, medium-sized wading bird of Eurasia; the male is a ruff.
Word: referee Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration. Pronunciation: /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/, /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹi/ 1. An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game. Example: The referee kicked Jim out of the game for fighting. 2. A person who settles a dispute. 3. A person who writes a letter of reference or provides a reference by phone call for someone. (In the UK such a person is sometimes, and in the US the person is typically, referred to as a reference.) Labels: UK Example: Your application, along with letters from three referees, should be received by January 31. 4. An expert who judges the manuscript of an article or book to decide if it should be published.
Word: referee Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration. Pronunciation: /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/, /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹi/ 1. To act as a referee. Example: He has to referee three hockey games this weekend. Example: She has to finish refereeing an article for Nature.
Word: refine Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English fine English refine From re- + fine. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈfaɪn/ 1. To purify; reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities. Labels: transitive Example: to refine gold Example: to refine iron 2. To become pure; to be cleared of impure matter. Labels: intransitive 3. To purify of coarseness, vulgarity, inelegance, etc.; to polish. Labels: transitive Example: to refine someone's manners Example: to refine a language 4. To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence. Labels: ambitransitive Example: My dear Harriet, you must not refine too much upon this charade.—You will betray your feelings improperly, if you are too conscious and too quick, and appear to affix more meaning, or even quite all the meaning which may be affixed to it. Example: Adjust the volume, tweak the contours, refine the timing and, if need be, fiddle with the setting, and the hoariest yuck-fest can seem as dewy as a morning in May. Examples of tales told ticklingly are in unusual abundance here, with comedies for every taste within the mainstream of London theater. 5. To make nice or subtle. Labels: transitive Example: to refine thought Example: to refine someone's language
Word: regardless Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English regard Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der. Proto-Germanic *leusaną Proto-Germanic *lausaz Proto-Germanic *-lausaz Proto-West Germanic *-laus Old English -lēas Middle English -les English -less English regardless From regard + -less. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/, /ɹɪˈɡɑːd.lɪs/ 1. Without attention to warnings or indications of bad consequences. Labels: not-comparable Example: Tatiana knew the meat had passed its expiry date, but she ate it regardless. Example: The other legend named Le Lutin tells how seven little boys, regardless of the warnings of their old grandmother, would go out at night on various affairs. 2. Anyway; irrespective of what has just been said. Labels: not-comparable Example: The proposal may become law, or it may not. Regardless, we will adopt it as a club rule.
Word: regardless Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English regard Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der. Proto-Germanic *leusaną Proto-Germanic *lausaz Proto-Germanic *-lausaz Proto-West Germanic *-laus Old English -lēas Middle English -les English -less English regardless From regard + -less. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/, /ɹɪˈɡɑːd.lɪs/ 1. Paying no attention to; ignoring. Example: Hippolita, ſcarce more alive than her daughter, was regardleſs of every thing but her: but when the tender Iſabella’s care would have likewiſe removed her, while the ſurgeons examined Matilda’s wound, ſhe cried, remove me! never! never! I lived but in her, and will expire with her. Example: The beloved “oof” sound Roblox players — and gamers regardless of what they play — has become a huge meme in the community. 2. Taking insufficient regard of; heedless; careless. Example: Always deceived in fact by his own wishes, and regardless of little besides his own convenience. Example: I grew, day by day, more moody, more irritable, more regardless of the feelings of others.
Word: regardless Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Etymology tree English regard Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der. Proto-Germanic *leusaną Proto-Germanic *lausaz Proto-Germanic *-lausaz Proto-West Germanic *-laus Old English -lēas Middle English -les English -less English regardless From regard + -less. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/, /ɹɪˈɡɑːd.lɪs/ 1. Synonym of regardless of; paying no attention to. Labels: proscribed Example: Tatiana ate the cauliflower regardless its colour.
Word: regress Part of Speech: noun Etymology: (verb) From Latin regressus, past participle of regredior (“to go back”), from re- (“back”) + gradior (“to go”). Doublet of regressus. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːˌɡɹɛs/ 1. The act of passing back; passage back; return; retrogression. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The key-hole was still their port of egress and regress, and it resembled the aperture of a bee-hive, on a sunny day in June. Example: Its bearing on the progress or regress of man is not an inconsiderable question. 2. The power or liberty of passing back. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Thou shalt have egresse and regresse. 3. The right of a person (such as a lessee) to return to a property. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: regress Part of Speech: verb Etymology: (verb) From Latin regressus, past participle of regredior (“to go back”), from re- (“back”) + gradior (“to go”). Doublet of regressus. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːˌɡɹɛs/, /ɹɪˈɡɹɛs/ 1. To move backwards to an earlier stage; to devolve. Labels: intransitive 2. To move backwards to an earlier stage; to devolve. Labels: intransitive Example: Your nightmares stopped when you were eight years old, but after the house burned down, you regressed. 3. To move in the retrograde direction. Labels: intransitive 4. To reduce in severity or size (as of a tumor), without reaching total remission. Labels: intransitive 5. To perform a regression on an explanatory variable. Labels: transitive Example: When we regress Y on X, we use the values of variable X to predict those of Y. 6. To interrogate a person in a state of trance about forgotten elements of their past. Labels: transitive Example: They regressed me, putting me under hypnosis. Then, through the hypnosis, they found out that our car was abducted right off the road and into a craft.
Word: regularity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French regularite, from Old French regularite, from Late Latin rēgulāritās, rēgulāritātem, from rēgulāris; see regular. By surface analysis, regular + -ity. Pronunciation: /ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/ 1. The condition or quality of being regular Labels: uncountable Example: I have been watching that show with regularity. Example: For Chelsea coach Andre Villas-Boas, this was his most sobering moment in the Premier League and he looked stunned on the sidelines at the regularity with which Chelsea's defence was exposed. 2. A particular regular occurrence. Labels: countable 3. A topic in the study of partial differential equations, regarding the integrability and differentiability of weak solutions. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: rehearse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rehersen, from Anglo-Norman reherser (“to repeat word-for-word”). Pronunciation: [ɹɪˈhɜːs], /ɹɪˈhɝs/ 1. To repeat, as what has been already said; to tell over again; to recite. Labels: transitive Example: There’s no need to rehearse the same old argument; we’ve heard it before, and we all agree. 2. To narrate; to relate; to tell; to recount. Labels: transitive Example: The witness rehearsed the events of the night before for the listening detectives. 3. To practise by recitation or repetition in private for experiment and improvement, prior to a public representation, especially in theater. Labels: ambitransitive Example: The main actors spent on average two hours a day rehearsing before the first night. Example: The lawyer advised her client to rehearse her testimony before the trial date. 4. To cause to rehearse; to instruct by rehearsal. Labels: transitive Example: The director rehearsed the cast incessantly in the days leading up to opening night, and as a result they were tired and cranky when it arrived. Example: He […] has been rehearsed by Madame Defarge as to his having seen Her […] 5. To contrive and carefully prepare (a story, etc.) to offer consistency. Example: The Crown argued that the accused had rehearsed her story.
Word: reiterate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Early 15th century, from Late Latin reiteratus, past participle of reiterare (“to repeat”) from re- (“again”) + iterare (“to repeat”) from iterum (“again”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈɪt.ə.ɹeɪt/, /ɹiˈɪtəɹeɪt/, /ɹiˈɪɾəɹeɪt/, /ɹiːˈɪtəɹæɪt/, [ɹiːˈɪɾəɹæɪt] 1. To say or do (something) for a second time, such as for emphasis. Labels: transitive Example: Let me reiterate my opinion. Example: He said France clearly wanted to "close one page and open another". He reiterated his opposition to austerity alone as the only way out of Europe's crisis: "My final duty, and I know I'm being watched from beyond our borders, is to put Europe back on the path of growth and employment." 2. To say or do (something) repeatedly. Labels: transitive Example: That with reiterated crimes he might / Heap on himself damnation. 3. To say (something) for a second time, but word it differently. Labels: rare, transitive Example: Was I hard to understand? Sorry, I'll try to reiterate.
Word: reiterate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Early 15th century, from Late Latin reiteratus, past participle of reiterare (“to repeat”) from re- (“again”) + iterare (“to repeat”) from iterum (“again”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈɪt.ə.ɹeɪt/, /ɹiˈɪtəɹeɪt/, /ɹiˈɪɾəɹeɪt/, /ɹiːˈɪtəɹæɪt/, [ɹiːˈɪɾəɹæɪt] 1. Reiterated; repeated.
Word: reiterate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Early 15th century, from Late Latin reiteratus, past participle of reiterare (“to repeat”) from re- (“again”) + iterare (“to repeat”) from iterum (“again”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈɪt.ə.ɹeɪt/, /ɹiˈɪtəɹeɪt/, /ɹiˈɪɾəɹeɪt/, /ɹiːˈɪtəɹæɪt/, [ɹiːˈɪɾəɹæɪt] 1. A tree with vertical branches alongside the main trunk and which continue to grow upwards.
Word: rejuvenate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From re- (“again”) + Latin iuvenis (“young”) + -ate (verb-forming suffix). Compare Old French rejuvener. Displaced native Middle English gingen, from Old English *ġinġan (literally “to make young”), equivalent to Old English ġeong + Old English -an. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːvəneɪt/, /ɹiːˈd͡ʒuːvəneɪt/ 1. To render young again. Example: Before coronavirus shuttered the world, a typical month for Connecticut native Zac Mathias was packed with appointments for microneedling (a collagen-stimulating process that involves repeated pin-pricks all over the face), regular resurfacing hydrafacials, rejuvenating laser treatments and the occasional red-light therapy session. 2. To give new energy or vigour to; to revitalise. Example: The exercise involved in recrafting the past, past encounters and memories actually rejuvenates short-term and present memory — remarkably! Example: "We have completely rejuvenated the project. Everyone is galvanised. We will get it open - and open means open. [...]."
Word: release Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re- Proto-Indo-European *(s)leg- Proto-Indo-European *(s)leg-s-ós Latin laxus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin laxō Vulgar Latin *laxicāre Vulgar Latin *lassicāre Old French laschier Old French relaschier Old French relaisserbor. Middle English relesen English release From Middle English relesen, relessen, from Old French relaisser (variant of relascher). Pronunciation: /ɹəˈliːs/, /ɹɪˈliːs/, /ɹiˈliːs/ 1. The event of setting (someone or something) free (e.g. hostages, slaves, prisoners, caged animals, hooked or stuck mechanisms). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads. 2. The distribution, either public or private, of an initial or new and upgraded version of a computer software product. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Anything recently released or made available (as for sale). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The video store advertised that it had all the latest releases. 4. That which is released, untied or let go. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: They marked the occasion with a release of butterflies. 5. The giving up of a claim, especially a debt. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Liberation from pain or suffering. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. The process by which a chemical substance is set free. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. The act or manner of ending a sound. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. In the block system, a printed card conveying information and instructions to be used at intermediate sidings without telegraphic stations. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable 10. A device adapted to hold or release a device or mechanism as required. Labels: countable, uncountable 11. A device adapted to hold or release a device or mechanism as required. Labels: countable, uncountable 12. A device adapted to hold or release a device or mechanism as required. Labels: countable, uncountable 13. Orgasm. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: She quivered in release. 14. Discharged semen Labels: countable, uncountable Example: His hot release pouring into her, filling her and adding to the wettness within her 15. A kind of bridge used in jazz music. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: release Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re- Proto-Indo-European *(s)leg- Proto-Indo-European *(s)leg-s-ós Latin laxus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin laxō Vulgar Latin *laxicāre Vulgar Latin *lassicāre Old French laschier Old French relaschier Old French relaisserbor. Middle English relesen English release From Middle English relesen, relessen, from Old French relaisser (variant of relascher). Pronunciation: /ɹəˈliːs/, /ɹɪˈliːs/, /ɹiˈliːs/ 1. To let go of; to cease to hold or contain. Labels: transitive Example: He released his grasp on the lever. 2. To make available to the public. Labels: transitive Example: They released the new product later than intended. 3. To free or liberate; to set free. Labels: transitive Example: He was released after two years in prison. 4. To discharge. Labels: transitive Example: They released thousands of gallons of water into the river each month. 5. (of a call) To hang up. Labels: transitive Example: If you continue to use abusive language, I will need to release the call. 6. To let go, quit (a legal claim); to discharge or relinquish a right to (lands or buildings) by conveying to another who has some right or estate in possession. Labels: transitive 7. To loosen; to relax; to remove the obligation of. Labels: transitive Example: punishments inflicted and released 8. To set up; to provide with a goalscoring opportunity. Labels: transitive Example: With the Gunners far too lightweight in midfield, Mikel Arteta dropped back into a deeper-lying role. This freed Yossi Benayoun to go further forward, a move that helped forge a rare Arsenal chance on 30 minutes when the Israeli released Van Persie, only for the Dutchman's snap-shot to be tipped around the post. 9. To set free a chemical substance. 10. To launch; to come out; to become available. Labels: intransitive Example: when the game releases Example: the new model will release on ...
Word: release Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English lease English release From re- + lease. Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈliːs/ 1. To lease again; to grant a new lease of; to let back. Labels: transitive
Word: relent Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English relenten, from Anglo-Norman relentir, from Latin re- + lentare (“to bend”), from lentus (“soft, pliant, slow”). Earliest recording dates to 1526. The noun is from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈlɛnt/ 1. To give in or be swayed; to become less hard, harsh, or cruel; to show clemency. Labels: intransitive Example: He had planned to ground his son for a month, but relented and decided to give him a stern lecture instead. Example: Can you, my Lord of Winchester, behold My sighs and tears and will not once relent? 2. To slacken; to abate. Labels: intransitive Example: We waited for the storm to relent before we ventured outside. Example: He will not relent in his effort to reclaim his victory. 3. To lessen, make less severe or intense. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: But nothing might relent her hastie flight; / So deepe the deadly feare of that foule swaine / Was earst impressed in her gentle spright […] 4. To become less rigid or hard; to soften; to yield, for example by dissolving or melting Labels: dated, intransitive Example: [Salt of tartar] placed in a cellar will […] begin to relent. Example: When opening buds salute the welcome day, / And earth, relenting, feels the genial ray.
Word: relent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English relenten, from Anglo-Norman relentir, from Latin re- + lentare (“to bend”), from lentus (“soft, pliant, slow”). Earliest recording dates to 1526. The noun is from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈlɛnt/ 1. A stay; a stop; a delay. Example: There was no relent, my dear, as we pulled each other in. Example: The pistons of this engine moved without relent. 2. A relenting. Labels: obsolete
Word: relent Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English relenten, from Anglo-Norman relentir, from Latin re- + lentare (“to bend”), from lentus (“soft, pliant, slow”). Earliest recording dates to 1526. The noun is from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈlɛnt/ 1. Softhearted; yielding. Labels: obsolete
Word: relevance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English relevant Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -iader. Old French -ancebor. Middle English -aunce English -ance English relevance From relevant + -ance. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛl.ɪ.vən(t)s/, /ˈɹɛl.ə.vən(t)s/ 1. The property or state of being relevant or pertinent. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: relight Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Proto-Indo-European *lewk-der. Proto-Germanic *leuhtaz Proto-West Germanic *leuht Old English lēoht Middle English light English light English relight From re- + light. 1. To light or kindle anew. Labels: ambitransitive Example: This act of politeness having in some mysterious way set Mr Limpet's mind at rest, he produced an immense pipe, which he had apparently been smoking prior to the curate's entrance, and relit it, while the curate, seated gingerly on the edge of the rocking chair, surreptitiously inspected the room, which was so close to the roof as to make the December heat uncomfortably apparent. Example: By Tuesday evening the track had been cleared to the three snowbound engines, and the following day, under their own steam, they were moved away; the business of relighting their fires and raising steam in such conditions is better imagined than described. 2. To light or illuminate anew. Example: The lights went down on Gilbert ranting and raving about surviving nuclear war. The stage was relit and Holly sang her song, "Family Promise," written to her baby nephew. 3. To render again with different simulated lighting conditions. Labels: transitive