nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: fee Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English fee, fe, feh, feoh, from Old English feoh (“cattle, property, wealth, money, payment, tribute, fee”) with contamination from Old French fieu, fief (from Medieval Latin fevum, a variant of feudum (see feud), from Frankish *fehu (“cattle, livestock”); whence fief), both from Proto-Germanic *fehu (“cattle, sheep, livestock, owndom”), from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock”). Cognates Cognate with Saterland Frisian Fäi (“cattle, livestock”), West Frisian fee (“livestock”), Cimbrian biighe, viighe (“animal, beast”), Dutch vee (“cattle, livestock”), German Viech (“animal, beast”), Vieh (“livestock”), German Low German Veeh (“cattle, livestock, property”), Luxembourgish Véi (“cattle”), Vilamovian fi, fī, fii, fiih (“cattle, livestock”), Yiddish פֿי (fi), פֿיך (fikh, “cattle, livestock”), Danish and Faroese fæ (“cattle, livestock”), Icelandic fé (“assets, livestock, money”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk fe (“cattle, livestock”), Swedish fä (“beast, cattle, dolt”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉 (faihō), 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿 (faihu, “possessions, property; riches, wealth; money”); also Latin pecū (“cattle”), Old Prussian pecku (“cattle”), Armenian ասր (asr, “fleece, wool”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎 (pasu, “livestock”), Bactrian ποσο (poso, “sheep”), Central Kurdish پەز (pez, “sheep”), Northern Kurdish pez (“sheep”), Ossetian фыс (fys, “sheep”), Talysh pəs, пәс (“sheep”), Sanskrit पशु (paśu, “cattle”). Pronunciation: /fiː/ 1. To reward for services performed, or to be performed; to recompense; to hire or keep in hire; hence, to bribe. Example: In vain for Hellebore the patient cries / And fees the doctor; but too late is wise Example: There's not a one of them but in his house I keep a servant feed.
Word: anosmia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin anosmia, equivalent to an- + -osmi. Pronunciation: /æˈnɒzmiə/, /æˈnɑːzmiːə/ 1. Inability to smell; the inability to perceive odors. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Often accompanied by an inability to taste, anosmia occurs abruptly and dramatically in these patients, almost as if a switch had been flipped.
Word: anosmic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English anosmia Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English anosmic From anosmia + -ic. Pronunciation: /æˈnɒzmɪk/ 1. Having anosmia; lacking a sense of smell. Example: He had an anosmic patient who was very fond of the bouquet of moselle. […] One gentleman fell from his horse, fractured the ethmoid bone, and became anosmic. Example: The possible influence of various sensory factors in migration was tested by Dodson and Leggett (1974) who compared the behaviour of ultrasonically tagged control shad with ones which had been blinded, or had the olfactory system occluded (anosmic fish), or had been subjected to both these operations. […] Both blind and blind/anosmic fish orientated into the tidal current and altered their swimming speed in relation to the speed of the tide as did intact fish. 2. Lacking olfactory organs; anosmatic. Example: The whales, porpoises and seals have however a reason that man does not possess for being anosmic. For they, in common with all the living world of earth and air, left the sea millions of years ago and, as they developed lungs with which to breathe, so did they modify their organs of smell to receive sensations from air, not water. Eons later, in comparatively recent geologic times, when these few mammals left the land and returned to the water, this differentiation for air-smelling had gone too far. Their senses of smell failed to react to water-borne stimuli. […] It is worth discussing these anosmic animals, and what caused them to lose the sense of smell. Example: Even in the totally anosmic whale without an olfactory nerve, bulb, or tract, it is noteworthy that the third-order neurons of the olfactory system still persist.
Word: anosmic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English anosmia Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English anosmic From anosmia + -ic. Pronunciation: /æˈnɒzmɪk/ 1. A person with anosmia; a person lacking a sense of smell. Example: A person who has lost the sense of smell (an anosmic) is deprived of more than pleasurable sensations, for it has been argued that as the environment becomes more polluted what the nose knows may have to be taken seriously[…]. Example: An anosmic will be able to taste the sweetness of an apple or a pear but will be unable to distinguish between their flavors or be able to taste chocolate.
Word: convulsion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin convulsiō, from convellō. Pronunciation: /kənˈvʌlʃən/ 1. An intense, paroxysmal, involuntary muscular contraction. Example: 1850-1859, Charles Dickens, Household Words That immortal creature had gone over the proofs with great pains — had of course taken out the stiflings — hard-plungings, lungeings, and other convulsions — and had also taken out her weakenings and damagings of her own effects. 2. An uncontrolled fit, as of laughter; a paroxysm. 3. Violent turmoil. Example: Earthquakes and convulsions of nature shake Earth on a regular basis. Example: It would seem as if calm were necessary to convulsion; for the tranquillity of the last few months was again to be disturbed by political commotion. 4. Hysteric in nature.
Word: manage Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der. Proto-Italic *manus Latin manus Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Latin -izāre Vulgar Latin *manizāre Old Italian maneggiareder.? Old French manegebor. Middle English *manage English manage From Early Modern English manage, menage, from Middle English *manage, *menage, from Old French manege (“the handling or training of a horse, horsemanship, riding, maneuvers, proceedings”), probably from Old Italian maneggiare (“to handle, manage, touch, treat”), from Vulgar Latin *manizāre (“handle”), from Latin manus (“hand”) + -izāre (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of manège. Compare typologically English handle; Russian руководи́ть (rukovodítʹ) (< рука́ (ruká)). Pronunciation: /ˈmæn.ɪd͡ʒ/, /ˈmɛən.ɪd͡ʒ/, /ˈmæn.əd͡ʒ/, /ˈmɛən.əd͡ʒ/, /mæn.eːd͡ʒ/ 1. The act of managing or controlling something. Labels: archaic, uncountable Example: the winged God himſelfe Came riding on a Lion rauenous, Taught to obay the menage of that Elfe […]. Example: Young men, in the conduct and manage of actions, embrace more than they can hold. 2. Manège. Labels: uncountable Example: You must draw [the horse] in his career with his manage, and turn, doing the corvetto, leaping &c..
Word: manager Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der. Proto-Italic *manus Latin manus Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Latin -izāre Vulgar Latin *manizāre Old Italian maneggiareder.? Old French manegebor. Middle English *manage English manage Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English manager From manage + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒə/, /ˈmæn.ə.dʒəɹ/, [ˈmeə̯n.ə.d͡ʒɚ], /mæːˈneː.dʒə(r)/, /ˈmæː.nə.dʒə(r)/ 1. A person whose job is to manage something, such as a business, a restaurant, or a sports team. Example: Although they did not want to risk wasting money, faster-climbing managers did value generosity and fair-mindedness. Example: And it was a fitting victory for Liverpool as Anfield celebrated the 100th anniversary of the birth of their legendary Scottish manager Bill Shankly. 2. The head coach. 3. An administrator, for a singer or group. 4. A window or application whose purpose is to give the user the control over some aspect of the system. Example: a file manager; a task manager; Program Manager
Word: gele Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Yoruba gèlè. 1. A traditional head tie native to Yoruba women of West Africa (Nigeria, Benin and Togo). Example: At recent parades of nations women on the Indian team have worn saris, and on the Nigerian one geles. Caribbean contingents can be relied on for color.
Word: healthy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos Proto-Germanic *hailaz Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂der. Proto-Germanic *-iþō Proto-Germanic *hailiþō Proto-West Germanic *hailiþu Old English hǣlþ Middle English helthe English health Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English healthy From health + -y. Pronunciation: /ˈhɛl.θi/, /ˈhel.θi/, /ˈhɛːl.d̪iː/, /ˈhɛːl.t̪hiː/, /ˈ(h)el.d̪iː/ 1. Enjoying good health; free from disease or disorder. Example: He was father to three healthy kids. Example: a healthy mind in a healthy body 2. Conducive to health. Example: A healthy diet can help to maintain proper weight. Example: Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits. ¶ Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found. 3. Evincing health. Example: Her face had a healthy glow. 4. Significant, hefty; beneficial. Labels: figuratively Example: a healthy respect for authority Example: Sam unwrapped the sandwich and took a healthy bite out of the middle.
Word: rhythmic unit Part of Speech: noun 1. A durational pattern which occupies a period of time equal to a pulse or pulses on an underlying metric level.
Word: kluski Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Polish kluski. Pronunciation: /ˈklu.ski/ 1. Noodles prepared in an ethnic Polish manner; specifically, thin strips of dough, as opposed to filled shells. Labels: plural, plural-only
Word: trichotillomania Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From tricho- + Ancient Greek τίλλω (tíllō, “I pull out, pluck”) + -mania. 1. A medical disorder where someone compulsively pulls their own hair out. Labels: uncountable
Word: copious Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English copious, from Latin copiosus, from copia (“abundance”), equivalent to co- + ops (“wealth”) + -osus (“full of”). By surface analysis, copy + -ous. Pronunciation: /ˈkoʊ.pi.əs/ 1. Vast in quantity or number, profuse, abundant; taking place on a large scale. Example: He drank a copious amount of vodka, and passed out. Example: These loose hints I have thrown together, in order to excite the curiosity of philosophers, and beget a suspicion at least, if not a full persuasion, that this subject is very copious, 2. Having an abundant supply. 3. Full of thought, information, or matter; exuberant in words, expression, or style.
Word: cornucopia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ ? Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-der. Proto-Italic *kornū Latin cornū Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Italic *kom Proto-Italic *kom- Latin co- Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep-der. Proto-Italic *opis Latin ops Latin cōps Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ia Latin cōpia Latin cornūcōpiabor. English cornucopia Borrowed from Latin cornūcōpia. Pronunciation: /ˌkɔː.njəˈkəʊ.pi.ə/, /ˌkɔɹ.nəˈkoʊ.pi.ə/, /ˌkɔɹ.njəˈkoʊ.pi.ə/ 1. A goat's horn endlessly overflowing with fruit, flowers and grain; or full of whatever its owner wanted: or, an image of a such a horn, either in two or three dimensions. Labels: Greek, countable, uncountable Example: Device, an anchor held by a hand from the clouds: behind the anchor are a kind of brackets, in the form of cornucopiæ, croſſed; […] Example: It soon came: as they were on their way to a transparency of their majesties, not a little larger than life—with Bellona, in a very handsome helmet, on one side, and Peace, with a cornucopia and a full blown wreath of roses, on the other—the path was interrupted by a little knot of gentlemen. 2. A hollow horn- or cone-shaped object, filled with edible or useful things. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An abundance or plentiful supply. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The store provided a veritable cornucopia of modern gadgets. Example: These days, thanks to the cornucopia of online dance classes and tutorials, you can almost imagine yourself to be a dancer.
Word: plenty Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Anglo-Norman plent(é) + -y, from Middle English plentie, plentee, plente, from Anglo-Norman plenté, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitātem, accusative of plēnitās (“fullness”), from plenus (“complete, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”), from which English full also comes, via Proto-Germanic. Related to the Latin derivatives replenish, plenary, complete, deplete, replete. Pronunciation: /ˈplɛnti/, [ˈplɛɾ̃i], [ˈplɛni], [ˈplɪɾ̃i], [ˈplɪni] 1. A more-than-adequate amount; plenitude; a great deal. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We are lucky to live in a land of peace and plenty. Example: During this season of distress, the discouragements to marriage, and the difficulty of rearing a family are so great that population is at a stand. In the mean time the cheapness of labour, the plenty of labourers, and the necessity of an increased industry amongst them, encourage cultivators to employ more labour upon their land, to turn up fresh soil, and to manure and improve more completely what is already in tillage.
Word: plenty Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From Anglo-Norman plent(é) + -y, from Middle English plentie, plentee, plente, from Anglo-Norman plenté, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitātem, accusative of plēnitās (“fullness”), from plenus (“complete, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”), from which English full also comes, via Proto-Germanic. Related to the Latin derivatives replenish, plenary, complete, deplete, replete. Pronunciation: /ˈplɛnti/, [ˈplɛɾ̃i], [ˈplɛni], [ˈplɪɾ̃i], [ˈplɪni] 1. More than enough. Example: Acquire one of these and you'll have plenty of car for your money.
Word: plenty Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Anglo-Norman plent(é) + -y, from Middle English plentie, plentee, plente, from Anglo-Norman plenté, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitātem, accusative of plēnitās (“fullness”), from plenus (“complete, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”), from which English full also comes, via Proto-Germanic. Related to the Latin derivatives replenish, plenary, complete, deplete, replete. Pronunciation: /ˈplɛnti/, [ˈplɛɾ̃i], [ˈplɛni], [ˈplɪɾ̃i], [ˈplɪni] 1. More than sufficiently. Labels: Canada, US, not-comparable Example: This office is plenty big enough for our needs. Example: For the likes of her, the down-at-heels support of Hoboken pier was plenty good enough. 2. Used as an intensifier, very. Labels: Canada, US, colloquial, not-comparable Example: She was plenty mad at him. Example: 'Guess the lady'll need plenty for her summer frocks,' said the conductor. 'Shops is plenty expensive in St Pete. Plenty hot down there too. You folks been to Florida before?'
Word: plenty Part of Speech: det Etymology: From Anglo-Norman plent(é) + -y, from Middle English plentie, plentee, plente, from Anglo-Norman plenté, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitātem, accusative of plēnitās (“fullness”), from plenus (“complete, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”), from which English full also comes, via Proto-Germanic. Related to the Latin derivatives replenish, plenary, complete, deplete, replete. Pronunciation: /ˈplɛnti/, [ˈplɛɾ̃i], [ˈplɛni], [ˈplɪɾ̃i], [ˈplɪni] 1. much, enough Labels: Canada, US, colloquial, nonstandard Example: There'll be plenty time later for that 2. many Labels: Canada, US, colloquial, nonstandard Example: Get a manicure. Plenty men do it.
Word: plenty Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Anglo-Norman plent(é) + -y, from Middle English plentie, plentee, plente, from Anglo-Norman plenté, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitātem, accusative of plēnitās (“fullness”), from plenus (“complete, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”), from which English full also comes, via Proto-Germanic. Related to the Latin derivatives replenish, plenary, complete, deplete, replete. Pronunciation: /ˈplɛnti/, [ˈplɛɾ̃i], [ˈplɛni], [ˈplɪɾ̃i], [ˈplɪni] 1. Plentiful. Labels: Canada, US, colloquial, nonstandard, obsolete Example: if reasons were as plenty as blackberries Example: There are, among the Irish, men of as much worth and honour as any among the English: nay, to speak the truth, generosity of spirit is rather more common among them. I have known some examples there, too, of good husbands; and I believe these are not very plenty in England.
Word: membership Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English member Proto-Germanic *skapjaną Proto-Germanic *-skapiz Proto-West Germanic *-skapi Old English -sċiepe Middle English -schipe English -ship English membership From member + -ship. 1. The state of being a member of a group or organization. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The terms of membership agreement were vague. Example: He has memberships in clubs in three cities. 2. The body of members of an organization. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The memberships of the state chapters elect delegates to the national convention. 3. The fact of being a member of a set. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: membership Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English member Proto-Germanic *skapjaną Proto-Germanic *-skapiz Proto-West Germanic *-skapi Old English -sċiepe Middle English -schipe English -ship English membership From member + -ship. 1. To classify (someone) as belonging to a certain group or community. Labels: transitive Example: Whatever the topic of the conversation the speaker must ‘membership’ his listener, put him into one of two or more mutually exclusive boxes. Each time a topic changes the listener must be re-membershipped, and during a conversation the same person may be membershipped as a doctor, a rugby player, a liberal, a gardener, a bridge player.
Word: member Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English membre, from Old French membre, from Latin membrum (“limb, body part”), from Proto-Italic *memzrom, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms, *mēms-rom (“flesh”). Akin to Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz, “meat, flesh”), Crimean Gothic menus. Coexists with native limb, from Old English lim (“limb, joint, main branch”). Mostly displaced lith (“limb, joint, member”), from Old English liþ (“limb, member, join, tip”), which still survives in British dialect. Pronunciation: /ˈmɛmbə/, /ˈmɛmbɚ/, /ˈmɪ̟mbɚ/, /ˈmembə/ 1. One who belongs to a group. Example: “Were it not for the fancy French and Latin in it, I'd have swore it was the sort of thing I do not print as a rule, but being as how the order was from one of the members upstairs...” 2. A part of a whole. Example: The I-beams were to become structural members of a pedestrian bridge. Example: The member intertongues and grades laterally with the lower sandstone member of the Pocahontas Formation of Early Pennslyvanian age 3. Part of an animal capable of performing a distinct office; an organ; a limb. Example: For as we haue many members in one body, and all members haue not the same office: 4. The penis. Labels: euphemistic Example: If your wife is old and your member is exhausted, eat onions in plenty. 5. One of the propositions making up a syllogism. 6. An element of a set. 7. the judge or adjudicator in a consumer court. Labels: Australia 8. A part of a discourse or of a period, sentence, or verse; a clause. 9. Either of the two parts of an algebraic equation, connected by the equality sign. 10. A file stored within an archive file. Example: The zip file holding the source code of this application has 245 members. 11. A function or piece of data associated with each separate instance of a class.
Word: member Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Clipping of remember (by apheresis). 1. Pronunciation spelling of remember. Labels: alt-of, dialectal, obsolete, pronunciation-spelling
Word: functional Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Old French fonction Middle French functionbor. English function English -al English functional From function + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/, /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃnəl/ 1. A function that takes a function as its argument; more precisely, a function whose argument varies in a space of (real- or complex-valued) functions and whose value belongs to a monodimensional space. Example: An example of a functional is the definite integration of integrable real functions in a real interval. 2. A scalar-valued linear function on a vector space. 3. An object encapsulating a function pointer (or equivalent).
Word: dysfunctional Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dews-? Proto-Indo-European *dus- Proto-Hellenic *dus- Ancient Greek δῠσ- (dŭs-)der. New Latin dys-der. English dys- Old French fonction Middle French functionbor. English function English dysfunction English -al English dysfunctional From dysfunction + -al. 1. Not performing its proper or intended function. 2. Functioning incorrectly or abnormally; especially, designating of a business, family or social group with harmful, aberrant, strange or abnormal behavior. Example: Live dysfunctional, likely die dysfunctional; live eufunctional, likely die eufunctional. Example: Never trust in the partly unscrupulous and partly dysfunctional state apparatus.
Word: tri- Part of Speech: prefix Etymology: PIE word *tréyes From Latin tri- (“three”) and Ancient Greek τρι- (tri-, “three”). Pronunciation: /tɹaɪ/ 1. Three. Labels: morpheme 2. Used for the digit three to form systematic element names of elements whose existence has been predicted, and which have not yet been given a trivial name. Labels: morpheme Example: un- (“1”) + bi- (“2”) + tri- (“3”) + -ium (element suffix) → unbitrium (“element 123”)
Word: tri- Part of Speech: prefix Etymology: From Sanskrit त्रि (tri, “three”). Pronunciation: /tɹaɪ/ 1. Used in combination with a known element name (e.g. 'tri-silicon', 'tri-lead') to designate an unknown element that would reside three periods lower than the known element on a Mendeleev-type periodic table. See Mendeleev's predicted elements. Labels: morpheme
Word: triclavianism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From tri- + Latin clavus (“nail”) + -ian + -ism, coined by George Stanley Faber in 1838. 1. The belief that three nails were used in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. Labels: uncountable
Word: catamaran Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Tamil கட்டுமரம் (kaṭṭumaram), from கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to tie”) + மரம் (maram, “tree, wood”). Pronunciation: /ˌkæ.tə.məˈɹæn/, /ˈkæ.tə.məˌɹæn/ 1. A twin-hulled ship or boat. Example: Swift over the seas the vessel drives; Madras appears in sight. The first object catching the eye, upon the anchor being cast, was an Indian upon his catamaran, who, making a sudden motion, sprung to the side of the ship, grappled there for a moment, and the next was on the deck. 2. A quarrelsome woman; a scold. Labels: colloquial, obsolete, rare Example: She meddles with my prescriptions for your wife; she doctors the infant in private: you'll never have a quiet house or a quiet wife as long as that old Catamaran is here. 3. A raft of three pieces of wood lashed together, the middle piece being longer than the others, and serving as a keel on which the rower squats while paddling. Labels: obsolete Example: Three or four strange-looking things now came close to our boat, which I understood were called ‘catamarans’, consisting of nothing more than two or three large trees, the trunk part only strongly lashed together, upon which sat two men nearly in a state of nature […] . 4. An old kind of fireship. Labels: obsolete
Word: trimaran Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of tri- + catamaran. 1. A type of boat with three parallel hulls.
Word: triclavianist Part of Speech: noun 1. One who believes that three nails were used in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
Word: agent noun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1782, but in common usage only as of 1875–1880. Pronunciation: /ˌeɪ̯.d͡ʒənt ˈnaʊ̯n/, /ˌæɪ̯.d͡ʒənt ˈnæɔ̯n/, /ˌæɪ̯.d͡ʒənt ˈnæʊ̯n/, /ˌe.d͡ʒənt ˈnʌʊ̯n/, /ˌe.d͡ʒʌnt ˈnʌʊ̯n/ 1. A noun that denotes an agent (human or nonhuman) that performs the action denoted by the verb from which the noun is derived. Example: The agent noun “cutter” means a person who cuts, or a thing that is made to or is able to cut something.
Word: sneer Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sneren (“to mock, scoff at”), from Old English fnǣran (“to snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fnāʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *fnesaną (“to pant, gasp”). Akin to North Frisian sneere (“to scorn”), Middle High German snerren (“to chatter; gossip”), Danish snerre (“to growl, snarl”). Pronunciation: /snɪə̯/, /snɪɚ̯/ 1. To raise a corner of the upper lip slightly, especially in scorn. Labels: intransitive Example: So General Oakfield's friends taunted him with having been beaten, and Blackeston's friends sneered at him for not having called the general out. Blackeston, a studious and sensitive man, felt the taunts of his friends as only a student can. 2. To utter with a grimace or contemptuous expression; to say sneeringly. Labels: transitive Example: to sneer fulsome lies at a person Example: There was a quick scuffle within the cabin. "Leave me alone, I say, and git!" cried the cook. "Can't I be friendly without you hollerin?" sneered the miner. "You wouldn't have been 'lowed to stay round here if it hadn't been for me."
Word: sneer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sneren (“to mock, scoff at”), from Old English fnǣran (“to snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fnāʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *fnesaną (“to pant, gasp”). Akin to North Frisian sneere (“to scorn”), Middle High German snerren (“to chatter; gossip”), Danish snerre (“to growl, snarl”). Pronunciation: /snɪə̯/, /snɪɚ̯/ 1. A facial expression where one slightly raises one corner of the upper lip, generally indicating scorn. Example: Near them, on the sand, / Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown, / And wrinked lip, and sneer of cold command, / Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Example: He supposed then (with a sneer—M. Paul could sneer supremely, curling his lip, opening his nostrils, contracting his eyelids)—he supposed there was but one form of appeal to which I would listen [...] 2. A display of contempt; scorn. Example: And wordy attacks against slavery drew sneers from observers which were not altogether undeserved. The authors were compared to doctors who offered to a patient nothing more than invectives against the disease which consumed him. Example: It was a casual sneer, obviously one of a long line. There was hatred behind it, but of a quiet, chronic type, nothing new or unduly virulent, and he was taken aback by the flicker of amazed incredulity that passed over the younger man's ravaged face.
Word: taunt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French tanter (“to tempt, try, provoke”), variant of Old French tempter (“to try”). Doublet of tempt. Pronunciation: /tɔːnt/, /tɔnt/, /tɑnt/ 1. To make fun of (someone); to goad (a person) into responding, often in an aggressive manner. Labels: transitive
Word: taunt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French tanter (“to tempt, try, provoke”), variant of Old French tempter (“to try”). Doublet of tempt. Pronunciation: /tɔːnt/, /tɔnt/, /tɑnt/ 1. A scornful or mocking remark; a jeer or mockery. Example: VVith ſcoffes and ſcornes, and contumelious taunts, / In open Market-place produc't they me, / To be a publique ſpectacle to all: / Here, ſayd they, is the Terror of the French, / The Scar-Crovv that affrights our Children ſo. Example: The attacks and the failure to catch the killer created an atmosphere of fear and dismay throughout Yorkshire, and provoked grim taunts to the police at Leeds United football matches such as “Ripper 10, Police nil”
Word: taunt Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Compare Old French tant (“so great”), French tant (“so much”), Latin tantus (“of such size, so great, so much”). See ataunt. Pronunciation: /tɔːnt/, /tɔnt/, /tɑnt/ 1. Very high or tall. Labels: obsolete Example: the great ships, for want of ſufficient masts, will lose the advantages the taunt masts would procure
Word: scold Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is from Middle English scold(e), skald(e), first attested in the 12th or 13th century (as scold, scolde, skolde, skald). The verb is from Middle English scolden, first attested in the late 1300s. Most dictionaries derive the verb from the noun and say the noun is probably from Old Norse skald (“poet”) (cognate with Icelandic skáld (“poet, scop”)), as skalds sometimes wrote insulting poems, though another view is that the Norse and English words are cognate to each other and to Old High German skeltan (whence Modern German schelten (“to scold, chide”)), Old Dutch skeldan (whence Modern Dutch schelden (“to scold, berate”)), all inherited from Proto-Germanic *skeldaną (“scold”). Pronunciation: /ˈskəʊ̯ld/, /ˈskɵ̞ʊ̯ld/, /ˈskoʊ̯ld/, /ˈskɔʊ̯ld/, /ˈskoːld/ 1. A person who habitually scolds, in particular a troublesome and angry woman. Example: A ſclaunderous tunge, a tunge of a ſkolde, Worketh more miſchiefe than can be tolde; That, if I wiſt not to be controlde, Yet ſomwhat to ſay I dare well be bolde, Example: “Well, I won’t have it, and that’s enough.” She laughed, for her voice had a little been that of the professional scold.
Word: scold Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is from Middle English scold(e), skald(e), first attested in the 12th or 13th century (as scold, scolde, skolde, skald). The verb is from Middle English scolden, first attested in the late 1300s. Most dictionaries derive the verb from the noun and say the noun is probably from Old Norse skald (“poet”) (cognate with Icelandic skáld (“poet, scop”)), as skalds sometimes wrote insulting poems, though another view is that the Norse and English words are cognate to each other and to Old High German skeltan (whence Modern German schelten (“to scold, chide”)), Old Dutch skeldan (whence Modern Dutch schelden (“to scold, berate”)), all inherited from Proto-Germanic *skeldaną (“scold”). Pronunciation: /ˈskəʊ̯ld/, /ˈskɵ̞ʊ̯ld/, /ˈskoʊ̯ld/, /ˈskɔʊ̯ld/, /ˈskoːld/ 1. To rebuke angrily. Labels: ambitransitive Example: I advise that you refrain from using that kind of language at home, lest your mother scold you. Example: A week elapsed before she could see Elizabeth without scolding her — 2. Of birds, to make harsh vocalisations in aggression. 3. Of birds, to make vocalisations that resemble human scolding. Example: [T]he merry songsters of the wood now filled the air with their jubilee; the nutcracker began his monotonous clattering, the chaffinches and the wrens sang high in the sky, the blackcock scolded and blustered loudly, the thrush sang his mocking songs and libellous ditties about everybody, but became occasionally a little sentimental and warbled gently and bashfully some tender stanzas. 4. Misconstruction of scald. Labels: alt-of, misconstruction
Word: Åland Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from Swedish Åland. Pronunciation: /ˈɔːlənd/, /ˈɑlənd/ 1. An archipelago of the Baltic Sea. 2. A region of Finland, consisting of the Aland archipelago.
Word: enthusiasm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested from 1603, from Middle French enthousiasme, from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Ancient Greek ἐνθουσιασμός (enthousiasmós), from ἐν (en, “in”) + θεός (theós, “god”) + οὐσία (ousía, “essence”). Pronunciation: /ɪnˈθuziæzəm/, /ɪnˈθjuːziæzm̩/, /-θɪu̯-/, /ɛn-/ 1. An intensity of feeling; an excited interest or eagerness. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Try to curb your enthusiasm. Example: They have a great enthusiasm for country music. 2. Something in which one is keenly interested. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: My main enthusiasm is attending and seeing the progress and interest of collectors, to meet old friends, and hopefully to make new friends. Example: Other Adamsian enthusiasms included: fast cars; restaurants; Bach, the Beatles, Pink Floyd and Dire Straits; […] 3. Possession by a god; divine inspiration or frenzy. Labels: countable, historical, obsolete, uncountable Example: The intoxication that they sought was that of ‘enthusiasm’, of union with the god.
Word: use Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *oissos Latin ūsus Old French usbor. Middle English use English use Inherited from Middle English use, from Old French us, from Latin ūsus (“use, custom, skill, habit”), from past participle stem of ūtor (“use”). Displaced native Middle English note (“use”) (see note) from Old English notu; Middle English nutte (“use”) from Old English nytt; as well as Old English fricu and Old English sidu. Pronunciation: /juːs/, /jus/, [jɪu̯s], /(j)ɪu̯s/, /jʉːs/ 1. The act of using. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The use of torture has been condemned by the United Nations. Example: […]long john underwear, heavy socks, rubber boots, thick flannel shirts, oilskins — it all wore and tore and sprung holes from the hard use of battling storm and bad weather. 2. The act of consuming alcohol or narcotics. Labels: uncountable Example: Heavy alcohol use (2.5 drinks per day or more) at any age is unhealthy and should be avoided. 3. Usefulness, utility, benefit; purpose, point. Labels: uncountable Example: Near-synonyms: meaning, meaningfulness Example: What's the use of a law that nobody follows? 4. A function; a purpose for which something may be employed. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: This tool has many uses. Example: The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives. And, as their ubiquity spreads, so too does the debate around whether we should allow ourselves to become so reliant on them – and who, if anyone, is policing their use. 5. Occasion or need to employ; necessity. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I have no further use for these textbooks. 6. Interest for lent money; premium paid for the use of something; usury. Labels: countable, obsolete, rare, uncountable Example: DON PEDRO. Come, lady, come; you have lost the heart of Signior Benedick. BEATRICE. Indeed, my lord, he lent it me awhile; and I gave him use for it, a double heart for a single one: [...] Example: Thou art more obliged to pay duty and tribute, use and principal, to him. 7. Continued or repeated practice; usage; habit. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable Example: Let later age that noble vse enuie, Example: How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, / Seem to me all the uses of this world! 8. Common occurrence; ordinary experience. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: O Caesar! these things are beyond all use. 9. A special form of a rite adopted for use in a particular context, often a diocese. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the Sarum, or Canterbury, use; the York use; the Ordinariate use Example: From henceforth all the whole realm shall have but one use. 10. A slab of iron welded to the side of a forging, such as a shaft, near the end, and afterward drawn down, by hammering, so as to lengthen the forging. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: clog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Unknown; perhaps from Middle English clog (“weight attached to the leg of an animal to impede movement”). Perhaps of North Germanic origin and derived from Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“lump, mass, clasp”); compare Old Norse klugu, klogo (“knotty tree log”), Dutch klomp. Pronunciation: /klɒɡ/, /klɑɡ/, /klɔɡ/ 1. A type of shoe with an inflexible, often wooden sole sometimes with an open heel. Example: Dutch people rarely wear clogs these days. Example: […] as to the poor—just look at them when they come crowding about the church-doors on the occasion of a marriage or a funeral, clattering in clogs; […] 2. A blockage. Example: The plumber cleared the clog from the drain. 3. A shoe of any type. Labels: UK, colloquial Example: I let him in this morning. He lost one of his clogs. 4. A weight, such as a log or block of wood, attached to a person or animal to hinder motion. Example: Yet as a Dog committed close / For some offence, by chance breaks loose, / And quits his Clog; but all in vain, / He still draws after him his Chain. Example: A clog of lead was round my feet / A band of pain across my brow; 5. That which hinders or impedes motion; an encumbrance, restraint, or impediment of any kind. Example: The grand Conſpirator, Abbot of Weſtminster, / With clog of Conſcience, and ſowre Melancholly / Hath yeelded up his body to the graue; Example: All the ancient, honest, juridical principles and institutions of England, are so many clogs to check and retard the headlong course of violence and oppression.
Word: clog Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Unknown; perhaps from Middle English clog (“weight attached to the leg of an animal to impede movement”). Perhaps of North Germanic origin and derived from Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“lump, mass, clasp”); compare Old Norse klugu, klogo (“knotty tree log”), Dutch klomp. Pronunciation: /klɒɡ/, /klɑɡ/, /klɔɡ/ 1. To block or slow passage through (often with 'up'). Example: Around 25 million pounds of used Mardi Gras beads are thrown away every year. Several years ago, in 2018, 46 tons of them clogged New Orleans' storm drains after heavy flooding. Example: Hair is clogging the drainpipe. 2. To encumber or load, especially with something that impedes motion; to hamper. Example: The wings of winds were clogged with ice and snow. 3. To burden; to trammel; to embarrass; to perplex. Example: The commodities […]are clogged with impositions. Example: You'll rue the time / That clogs me with this answer. 4. To enforce a mortgage lender right that prevents a borrower from exercising a right to redeem. Example: 1973, Humble Oil & Refining Co. v. Doerr, 123 N.J. Super. 530, 544, 303 A.2d 898. For centuries it has been the rule that a mortgagor’s equity of redemption cannot be clogged and that he cannot, as a part of the original mortgage transaction, cut off or surrender his right to redeem. Any agreement which does so is void and unenforceable as against public policy. 5. To perform a clog dance. Labels: intransitive Example: And in a burst of Celtic drums and fiddles, a bosomy colleen with a jaunty green hat and suit jacket riverdanced onto the stage, clogging with a surprising degree of expertise, barely restrained breasts jiggling.
Word: chopstick Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Apparently a compound of chop + stick, but the sense of the first element is not clear. The term was earliest applied to fishing tackle (from 1615), later being transferred to the dining utensil (attested since 1637) driven by their visual resemblance. The commonly held derivation from Chinese Pidgin English chop(-chop) (“quick”), a supposed calque from Chinese 筷子 (kuàizi, “chopstick, literally, ‘little quick ones’”), derived from 快 (kuài, “quick”), is chronologically impossible as Chinese Pidgin English did not come into existence until the 18th century. Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃɒp.stɪk/, /ˈt͡ʃɑp.stɪk/ 1. To pick up (food), or eat, using chopsticks, or as with chopsticks. Labels: ambitransitive, informal Example: Then, holding his plate close to his mouth, he chopsticked it in with his fork, and, with tremendous gusto, called for more. Example: For a while I chopsticked in silence. Gathering up loose grains of rice between the points of two small sticks is a job requiring absolute quiet and concentration. 2. To fish using a tackle with a chopstick. Labels: obsolete, rare Example: Plaice, and flat fish of all kinds, are taken from the jetties at Yarmouth; and, by taking a boat, good sport may be had chopsticking for marckerel, whiting, and haddock, large quantities of these fish being caught here by this popular method.
Word: numero Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin numerō, the ablative singular form of numerus (“number”). 1. The sign ⟨ № ⟩.
Word: snot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *snuttuzder. Old English ġesnot Middle English snot English snot From Middle English snot, snotte, from Old English ġesnot, *snott, from Proto-West Germanic *snott, *snutt, from Proto-Germanic *snuttuz (“nasal mucus”), from the same base as snout; ultimately of onomatopoeic or sound-symbolic origin (compare sniff, snuff, snoot, snook), but possibly continuing Proto-Indo-European *snew-t- (“to flow, run”). Related also to snite. Cognate with North Frisian snot (“snot”), Saterland Frisian Snotte (“snot”), West Frisian snotte (“snot”), Dutch snot (“snot”), German Low German Snött (“snot”), dialectal German Schnutz (“snot”), Danish snot (“snot”), Norwegian snott (“snot”). Pronunciation: /snɒt/, /snɑt/ 1. Mucus, especially mucus from the nose. Labels: informal, uncountable Example: Once, I remember, the little fair-haired boy had a choking fit at dinner, and a stream of snot ran out of his nose on to his plate in a way horrible to see. 2. A contemptible child. Labels: countable, slang Example: With no warning a gang of little snots — none larger or older than I was — threw me to the ground, pulled my knickers below my knees — without any explanation, and allowed me to get up. 3. A mean fellow. Labels: countable, obsolete, slang, uncountable 4. The flamed out wick of a candle. Labels: Northern-England, countable, dialectal, uncountable
Word: snot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *snuttuzder. Old English ġesnot Middle English snot English snot From Middle English snot, snotte, from Old English ġesnot, *snott, from Proto-West Germanic *snott, *snutt, from Proto-Germanic *snuttuz (“nasal mucus”), from the same base as snout; ultimately of onomatopoeic or sound-symbolic origin (compare sniff, snuff, snoot, snook), but possibly continuing Proto-Indo-European *snew-t- (“to flow, run”). Related also to snite. Cognate with North Frisian snot (“snot”), Saterland Frisian Snotte (“snot”), West Frisian snotte (“snot”), Dutch snot (“snot”), German Low German Snött (“snot”), dialectal German Schnutz (“snot”), Danish snot (“snot”), Norwegian snott (“snot”). Pronunciation: /snɒt/, /snɑt/ 1. To blow, wipe, or clear (the nose). Labels: ambitransitive, informal 2. To sniff or snivel; to produce snot, to have a runny nose. Labels: informal, intransitive Example: I was snotting all into my mouth and having to eat it, silently shuddering.
Word: discussion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French discussion, from Late Latin discussiō, from Latin discutiō. By surface analysis, discuss + -ion. Pronunciation: /dɪˈskʌʃ.ən/, /dɪsˈkʊʃ.ən/, /dɪˈskɐʃ.ən/, /dəˈskɐʃ.ən/, /ˈɖɪs.kə.ʃən/ 1. Conversation or debate concerning a particular topic. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: There was then a long discussion of whether to capitalize words like "east". Example: This topic is not open to discussion. 2. Text giving further detail on a subject. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Under each heading, you will find a discussion. Example: The question of the plausibility of the counter-factual is seen as key in all three discussions of allohistorical fiction (as it is in Demandt's and Ferguson's examinations of allohistory) (cf. Rodiek 25–26; Ritter 15–16; Helbig 32). 3. The dispersion of a tumour. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: discuss Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English discussen, from Middle French and Anglo-Norman discusser (French discuter), from Latin discussus, past participle of discutiō (“to strike or shake apart, break up, scatter; examine, discuss”), from dis- (“apart”) + quatiō (“to shake”). Pronunciation: /dɪˈskʌs/, /dɪˈskʊs/, /dɪˈskɐs/, /dəˈskɐs/ 1. To converse or debate concerning a particular topic. Labels: transitive Example: Let's sit down and discuss whether we should have a baby. Example: I don't wish to discuss this further. 2. To communicate, tell, or disclose (information, a message, etc.). Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Nym: I will discuss the humour of this love to Page. Example: Pistol: Discuss unto me; art thou officer? Or art thou base, common and popular? 3. To break to pieces; to shatter. Labels: obsolete, transitive 4. To deal with, in eating or drinking; consume. Labels: colloquial, obsolete, transitive Example: When the preparations were finished, he invited me with—“Now, sir, bring forward your chair.” And we all, including the rustic youth, drew round the table: an austere silence prevailing while we discussed our meal. Example: We sat quietly down and discussed a cold fowl that we had brought with us. 5. To examine or search thoroughly; to exhaust a remedy against, as against a principal debtor before proceeding against the surety. Labels: transitive 6. To drive away, disperse, shake off; said especially of tumors. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: For she was giuen all to fleshly lust, / And poured forth in sensuall delight, / That all regard of shame she had discust, / And meet respect of honour put to flight […] Example: If too much milke be the cauſe, then the Nurſe ſhall not give the childe ſucke ſo often, nor in ſuch plenty: If it proceed from wind, and that doe cauſe the childe to be thus troubled, it ſhall be diſcuſſed with Fomentations applied to the belly and navell; and with Carminative Cliſters, which ſhall bee given him, […]
Word: bastard Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English bastard, bastarde, from Old English bastard (used as an epithet), from Anglo-Norman bastard, Old French bastart (“illegitimate child”), perhaps via Medieval Latin bastardus, of obscure origin. Likely from Frankish *bāst (“marriage, relationship”) + Old French -ard, -art (pejorative suffix denoting a specific quality or condition). Frankish *bāst derives from a North Sea Germanic variety of Proto-Germanic *banstuz (“bond, connection, relationship, marriage with a second woman of lower status”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to tie, bind”) and is related to West Frisian boaste (“marriage, matrimony”), Middle Dutch bast (“lust, heat”), and more distantly to English boose (“cow-stall”). The term probably originally referred to a child from a polygynous marriage of heathen Germanic custom — a practice not sanctioned by the Christian churches. Alternatively, and less likely, Old French bastart may have originated from the Old French term fils de bast (“packsaddle son”), meaning a child conceived on an improvised bed (medieval saddles often doubled as beds while travelling). However chronology makes this difficult, as bastard is attested in Old French from 1089 (Middle Latin bastardus as early as 1010), yet Old French bast (modern French bât), though attested since 1130 with the meaning of "beast of burden", doesn't acquire the specific meaning of "packsaddle" until the 13c., making it too late to have given rise to the terms bastard and bastardus with this sense. The French Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales supports the Germanic theory further above as being most likely. Pronunciation: /ˈbɑːs.təd/, /ˈbæs.tæd/, /ˈbæs.tɚd/ 1. Of or like a bastard (illegitimate human descendant). 2. Of or like a bastard (bad person). 3. Of or like a mongrel, bastardized creature/cross. 4. Of abnormal, irregular or otherwise inferior qualities (size, shape etc). Example: a bastard musket Example: a bastard culverin 5. Of abnormal, irregular or otherwise inferior qualities (size, shape etc). Example: that bastard self-love which is so vicious in itself, and productive of so many vices 6. Of abnormal, irregular or otherwise inferior qualities (size, shape etc). Example: Of what race could these people be? Their language was a bastard Arabic, and yet they were not Arabs; I was quite sure of that. 7. Used in the vernacular name of a species to indicate that it is similar in some way to another species, often (but not always) one of another genus. Example: bastard gemsbok; bastard mahogany; bastard toadflax; bastard trumpeter 8. Very unpleasant. Labels: Ireland, UK, vulgar Example: I’ve got a bastard headache. 9. Abbreviated, as the half title in a page preceding the full title page of a book. 10. Consisting of one predominant color blended with small amounts of complementary color; used to replicate natural light because of their warmer appearance. Example: A bastard orange gel produces predominantly orange light with undertones of blue.