Word: over Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Germanic *uber Proto-West Germanic *obar Old English ofer Middle English over English over From Middle English over, from Old English ofer, ofor, ouer, from Proto-West Germanic *obar, from Proto-Germanic *uber (“over”), from Proto-Indo-European *upér (“above; over”). Cognates Cognate with Scots ower (“over”), Yola oer, ower, owr (“over”), Saterland Frisian uur (“over”), West Frisian oer (“over, across”), Cimbrian übar (“over”), Dutch over (“over”), German ober, über, ueber (“over, above”), Limburgish euver, övver (“over”), Low German över, üöver (“over”), Luxembourgish iwwer (“over”), Mòcheno iber (“over”), Yiddish איבער (iber, “over”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål over (“over”), Elfdalian yvyr (“over”), Faroese yvir (“over”), Icelandic yfir (“over”), Norwegian Nynorsk over, yver, yvi (“over”), Swedish över (“over”), Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂 (ufar, “over”); also Breton and Cornish war (“on, over”), Irish ar (“on”), Manx er (“on”), Scottish Gaelic air (“on, upon”), Latin super (“above, over”), Ancient Greek ῠ̔πείρ (hŭpeír), ὑπέρ (hupér), ῠ̔́περ (hŭ́per, “above, over”), Albanian epër (“above, high, overhead, up, upward”), Armenian վեր (ver, “up”), Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri, “above, over”), Persian بر (bar, “on; onto; upon”), Sanskrit उपरि (upari, “above, over”). Doublet of uber, super, and hyper. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊ̯.və/, /ˈaʊæː/, /ˈoː.və/, /ˈəʉ̯.və/, /ˈɐʉ̯.və/ 1. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: That vase isn't exactly central. Could you move it over a couple of inches? Example: I slid over to make room for him to sit down. 2. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: I need to cross the river. Can you take me over in your boat? 3. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: I looked up just as a helicopter flew over. 4. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: The fence is too high. I don't think I'll be able to get over. Example: The boiling milk bubbled over onto the cooker top. 5. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: The car rolled to the edge of the cliff and went straight over. 6. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: He tipped the bottle over, and the water came gushing out. Example: That building just fell over! 7. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: Bend the end of that wire over to make a hook. Example: He bent over to touch his toes. 8. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: Paint it over with a darker colour. Example: It's starting to cloud over. 9. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: Put the card face down, and don't turn it over until I say so. Example: I can't sleep on my back. I have to roll over onto my side. 10. Describing a physical change of position or state. Labels: not-comparable Example: Swap those cables over. The red one should be in the left socket. 11. Expressing figurative movement from one position or state across to another. Labels: not-comparable Example: He came over to our way of thinking on the new project. Example: I switched over to Channel 9. 12. Indicating a direction or location away from the speaker, usually roughly horizontally or visualised as such. Labels: not-comparable Example: I'll see you over at the club. Example: Look over there! 13. Thoroughly; completely; from beginning to end. Labels: not-comparable Example: Let's talk over the project at tomorrow's meeting. Example: Let me think that over. 14. To a high or excessive degree; overly; see also over-. Labels: in-compounds, not-comparable, often Example: I'm not over bothered about going to the party. Example: If you're over tentative then you'll get nowhere. 15. Beyond or in excess of what is correct or expected. Labels: not-comparable Example: The show ran ten minutes over. Example: We tried to stick to budget, but in the end we went twenty dollars over. 16. To a future time. Labels: not-comparable Example: Carry the shortfall over and we'll make it up tomorrow. 17. Overnight (throughout the night). Labels: not-comparable Example: We missed the last bus home so we stayed over. Example: Can I sleep over? 18. Indicating repetition. Labels: US, not-comparable, usually Example: I lost my paper and I had to do the entire assignment over. 19. Indicating repetition. Labels: not-comparable Example: I said the magic word three times over, and the secret door slid open. 20. See also individual entries for phrasal verbs: go over, hand over, run over, take over, win over, etc. Labels: not-comparable