nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: round Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English round, rounde, from Old Northern French roünt, rund, Old French ront, runt, reont ( > French rond), from both Late Latin retundus and the original Latin rotundus. The noun developed partly from the adjective and partly from the corresponding French noun rond. Doublet of rotund. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaʊ̯nd/, /ɹʊnd/, /ɹuːnd/, /ˈɹæʊ̯nd/, /ˈɹaːnd/ 1. Alternative form of around. Labels: alt-of, alternative, not-comparable Example: The invitations were sent round accordingly. Example: They travelled for thirteen hours down-hill, whilst the streams broadened and the mountains shrank, and the vegetation changed, and the people ceased being ugly and drinking beer, and began instead to drink wine and to be beautiful. And the train which had picked them at sunrise out of a waste of glaciers and hotels was waltzing at sunset round the walls of Verona.
Word: round Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English round, rounde, from Old Northern French roünt, rund, Old French ront, runt, reont ( > French rond), from both Late Latin retundus and the original Latin rotundus. The noun developed partly from the adjective and partly from the corresponding French noun rond. Doublet of rotund. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaʊ̯nd/, /ɹʊnd/, /ɹuːnd/, /ˈɹæʊ̯nd/, /ˈɹaːnd/ 1. To shape something into a curve. Labels: transitive Example: The carpenter rounded the edges of the table. Example: Worms with many feet, which round themselves into balls, are bred chiefly under logs of timber. 2. To become shaped into a curve. Labels: intransitive Example: The girl's figure, he perceived, was admirably proportioned; she was evidently at the period when the angles of childhood were rounding into the promising curves of adolescence. 3. To finish; to complete; to fill out; see also round out. Example: She rounded out her education with only a single mathematics class. Example: We are such stuff As dreams are made on, and our little life Is rounded with a sleep. 4. To approximate (a number, especially a decimal number) by the closest whole number, or some other close number, especially a whole number of hundreds, thousands, etc.; see also round down, round up. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: The exact amount was $101.65, but we rounded it to $100. Example: 95.9 rounds to 96. 5. To turn past a boundary. Labels: transitive Example: Helen watched him until he rounded the corner. 6. To turn and attack someone or something (used with on). Labels: intransitive Example: As a group of policemen went past him, one of them rounded on him, grabbing him by the arm. 7. To advance to home plate. Labels: transitive Example: And the runners round the bases on the double by Jones. 8. To go round, pass, go past. Labels: transitive Example: Diouf rounded Zaluska near the byeline and crossed but Daniel Majstorovic headed away and Celtic eventually mopped up the danger. 9. To encircle; to encompass. Example: The inclusive verge Of golden metal that must round my brow. 10. To grow round or full; hence, to attain to fullness, completeness, or perfection. Example: The queen your mother rounds apace. Example: So rounds he to a separate mind ⁠From whence clear memory may begin, ⁠As thro’ the frame that binds him in His isolation grows defined. 11. To do ward rounds. Labels: colloquial 12. To go round, as a guard; to make the rounds. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: They […] nightly rounding walk. 13. To go or turn round; to wheel about. Labels: intransitive, obsolete
Word: round Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rounen, from Old English rūnian (“to whisper, talk low, talk secrets, consipre, talk secretly”), from Proto-Germanic *rūnōną (“to talk secrets, whisper, decide”), *raunijaną (“to investigate, examine, prove”), from Proto-Indo-European *(e)rewə-, *(e)rwō- (“to trace, find out, look out”). Cognate with Scots roun (“to converse with in whispers, speak privately”), Middle Low German rūnen (“to whisper”), Middle Dutch ruinen (“to whisper”), German raunen (“to whisper, murmur”), Old English rūn (“whisper, secret, mystery”), Swedish röna (“to meet with, experience”). More at rune. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaʊ̯nd/, /ɹʊnd/, /ɹuːnd/, /ˈɹæʊ̯nd/, /ˈɹaːnd/ 1. To speak in a low tone; whisper; speak secretly; take counsel. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, archaic, dialectal, intransitive 2. To address or speak to in a whisper, utter in a whisper. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, archaic, dialectal, transitive Example: rounded in the ear Example: The Bishop of Glasgow rounding in his ear, "Ye are not a wise man," […] he rounded likewise to the bishop, and said, "Wherefore brought ye me here?"
Word: round Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rounen, from Old English rūnian (“to whisper, talk low, talk secrets, consipre, talk secretly”), from Proto-Germanic *rūnōną (“to talk secrets, whisper, decide”), *raunijaną (“to investigate, examine, prove”), from Proto-Indo-European *(e)rewə-, *(e)rwō- (“to trace, find out, look out”). Cognate with Scots roun (“to converse with in whispers, speak privately”), Middle Low German rūnen (“to whisper”), Middle Dutch ruinen (“to whisper”), German raunen (“to whisper, murmur”), Old English rūn (“whisper, secret, mystery”), Swedish röna (“to meet with, experience”). More at rune. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaʊ̯nd/, /ɹʊnd/, /ɹuːnd/, /ˈɹæʊ̯nd/, /ˈɹaːnd/ 1. A whisper; whispering. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, archaic, dialectal 2. Discourse; song. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, archaic, dialectal
Word: bi Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /baɪ/ 1. Clipping of bisexual. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, not-comparable, slang Example: I'm straight, but my oldest sister is bi. 2. Clipping of bigender. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, not-comparable, slang, uncommon
Word: bi Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /baɪ/ 1. Clipping of bisexual: A bisexual person. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, slang Example: For some reason, I'm feeling _very_ sensitive to bi-discrimination tonight. I'm really not trying to mock the points being made here, it's just that many of the same arguments can be turned around and used to describe the discrimination that bis face.
Word: bi Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of biceps. Pronunciation: /baɪ/ 1. A biceps muscle. Labels: colloquial, uncommon Example: You cannot train your back without regard to your tris and bis.
Word: bi Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Mandarin 璧 (bì). Pronunciation: /biː/ 1. A type of jade disk produced in ancient China.
Word: bib Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Originally verb sense “drink heartily”, from Middle English bibben, either from Latin bibō (“to drink”) or of imitative origin. Noun sense (clothing) presumably either because worn while drinking, or because the clothing itself “drinks up” spills. Pronunciation: /bɪb/ 1. An item of clothing for people (especially babies) tied around their neck to protect their clothes from getting dirty when eating. 2. Similar items of clothing such as the Chinese dudou and Vietnamese yem. 3. A rectangular piece of material, carrying a bib number, worn as identification by competitors. 4. A colourful polyester or plastic vest worn over one's clothes, usually to mark one's team during group activities. 5. The upper part of an apron or overalls. 6. Ellipsis of bib short. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis 7. A patch of colour around an animal's upper breast and throat. Example: In summer the whole throat and breast are black, but in winter plumage the throat is white bounded by a horseshoe-shaped black bib. Example: He don't look anything like the captain. This here cat has got a nice thick black coat of fur with a nice white bib and white feet. 8. A north Atlantic fish (Trisopterus luscus), allied to the cod. 9. A bibb (bibcock).
Word: bib Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Originally verb sense “drink heartily”, from Middle English bibben, either from Latin bibō (“to drink”) or of imitative origin. Noun sense (clothing) presumably either because worn while drinking, or because the clothing itself “drinks up” spills. Pronunciation: /bɪb/ 1. To dress (somebody) in a bib. Labels: transitive Example: Wise women use them, but new fathers seldom seem to understand that one minute bibbing baby saves who knows how long swabbing, finding clean clothes, changing, and coddling later — not to mention laundry time. Example: Mel got Daniel into his chair and bibbed him up. 2. To drink heartily; to tipple. Labels: archaic, intransitive Example: Iff I were a fleſhly felowe, and a preacher of lyes and tolde them that they might ſyt bebbinge and bollynge, and be droncken: O that were a prophet for this people. Example: they gave him drink as often as he cry'd; so that he was constantly bibbing
Word: bib Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /bɪb/ 1. To beep (e.g. a car horn). Labels: informal
Word: sot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sot, from Old English sot, sott (“foolish, stupid”), from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of obscure origin and relation. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to French zut! (“damn it!”). Compare Middle Low German sot (“insane, foolish, stupid”), Middle Dutch sot ("foolish, absurd, stupid"; > modern Dutch zot), French sot (“stupid, foolish, goofy”). Pronunciation: /sɒt/ 1. Stupid person; fool. Labels: archaic Example: Remember First to possess his books; for without them He's but a sot, as I am […] Example: c. 1670-1680, John Oldham, The Eighth Satire of Monsieur Boileau, imitated In Egypt oft has seen the Sot bow down, And reverence some deified Baboon. 2. Drunkard. Example: Every sign That calls the staring sots to nasty wine. Example: Take a picture by Teniers, of sots quarrelling over their dice; it is an entirely clever picture; so clever that nothing in its kind has ever been done equal to it; but it is also an entirely base and evil picture.
Word: sot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sotten, from the adjective (see above). Pronunciation: /sɒt/ 1. To drink until one becomes drunk 2. To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot. Example: I hate to see a brave, bold fellow sotted.
Word: sot Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Compare sod (vulgar interjection). Pronunciation: /sɒt/ 1. Upset, unhappy or bitter about something. Labels: Singapore, colloquial, vulgar Example: Ngl still damn sot about PV barging into Pasir Ris-Punggol and forcing a vote-split. The disrespect towards SDA was NOT ACCEPTABLE
Word: sot Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Cantonese short (sot¹, “crazy”), itself a clipping of English short circuit. Pronunciation: /sɒt/ 1. Insane, crazy, screwed up. Labels: Manglish, Singlish Example: all swe [software engineers] recently sot sot one. spent the last 3 years chasing too much headline salaries but now tech winter so all scared and frustrated . frustrations boiling over
Word: sot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Cantonese short (sot¹, “crazy”), itself a clipping of English short circuit. Pronunciation: /sɒt/ 1. To short circuit, to go haywire or malfunction. Labels: Manglish, Singlish, intransitive, invariable Example: my stock horn sot sot liao 2. To go crazy. Labels: Manglish, Singlish, intransitive, invariable Example: All these delusional ACN graduates. Must be OT so much until brain sot liao
Word: sot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Analogically formed on the model of get:got by those who use either git (“get”) or set (“sit”). Pronunciation: /sɒt/ 1. simple past and past participle of sit Labels: dialectal, form-of, obsolete, participle, past
Word: cause Part of Speech: noun Etymology: * From Middle English cause (also with the sense of “a thing”), borrowed from Old French cause (“a cause, a thing”), borrowed from Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), from Proto-Italic *kaussā, which is of unknown origin. Doublet of chose (“(law) a thing; personal property”). See accuse, excuse, recuse, ruse. Displaced native Old English intinga. * From Middle English causen, Old French causer and Medieval Latin causāre. Pronunciation: /kɔːz/, [kʰo̞ːz̥], /koːz/, [kʰoːz̥], /kɔz/ 1. The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result. Labels: countable, often, with-of Example: They identified a burst pipe as the cause of the flooding. Example: We thanke you both, yet one but flatters vs, As well appeareth by the cauſe you come, Namely, to appeale each other of high treaſon. 2. Sufficient reason. Labels: especially, uncountable Example: There is no cause for alarm. Example: The end of the war was a cause for celebration. 3. A goal, aim or principle, especially one which transcends purely selfish ends. Labels: countable Example: God befriend us, as our cause is just. Example: The part they take against me is from zeal to the cause. 4. Sake; interest; advantage. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: I did it not for his cause. 5. Any subject of discussion or debate; a matter; an affair. Labels: countable, obsolete Example: What counsel give you in this weighty cause? 6. A suit or action in court; any legal process by which a party endeavors to obtain his claim, or what he regards as his right; case; ground of action. Labels: countable
Word: cause Part of Speech: verb Etymology: * From Middle English cause (also with the sense of “a thing”), borrowed from Old French cause (“a cause, a thing”), borrowed from Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), from Proto-Italic *kaussā, which is of unknown origin. Doublet of chose (“(law) a thing; personal property”). See accuse, excuse, recuse, ruse. Displaced native Old English intinga. * From Middle English causen, Old French causer and Medieval Latin causāre. Pronunciation: /kɔːz/, [kʰo̞ːz̥], /koːz/, [kʰoːz̥], /kɔz/ 1. To set off an event or action; to bring about; to produce. Labels: transitive Example: The lightning caused thunder. Example: Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes.[…]She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat. 2. To actively produce as a result, by means of force or authority. Labels: ditransitive Example: His dogged determination caused the fundraising to be successful. Example: I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days. 3. To assign or show cause; to give a reason; to make excuse. Labels: obsolete Example: He, to shifte their curious request, / Gan causen why she could not come in place.
Word: cause Part of Speech: conj 1. Alternative form of 'cause; because Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: Why not? Cause I don't wanna.
Word: behemoth Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English behemoth, bemoth, from Late Latin behemoth, from Hebrew בְּהֵמוֹת (behemót). Most likely, the Hebrew word is an intensive plural of בְּהֵמָה (behemá, “beast”), from Proto-Semitic (compare Ge'ez ብህመ (bəhmä, “to be dumb, to be speechless”), Arabic ب ه م (b h m)). Some have instead suggested a borrowing from a hypothetical Egyptian pA-i-H-E1-mw (*pꜣ-jḥ-mw, “hippopotamus”, literally “the ox of the water”), from pꜣ (“definite article”) + jḥ (“ox, cattle”) + mw (“water”) in a direct genitive construction (for the pronunciation, compare the later Coptic descendants ⲡ- (p-) + ⲉϩⲉ (ehe) + ⲙⲟⲟⲩ (moou)); this, however, suffers from problems such as the lack of attestation of the supposed etymon, and there seems little reason to prefer it to the intensive plural explanation. Pronunciation: /bəˈhi(ː).məθ/, /ˈbiː.əˌməθ/ 1. A great and mighty beast which God shows to Job in Job 40:15–24. Example: ⸿ Beholde now Behemoth which I made with thee, hee eateth graſſe as an oxe. Loe now, his ſtrength is in his loynes, and his force is in the nauell of his belly. Hee moueth his taile like a Cedar: the ſinewes of his ſtones are wrapt together. His bones are as ſtrong pieces of braſſe: his bones are like barres of iron. 2. Any great and mighty monster. Labels: broadly Example: Next she doused the smouldering troll with the contents of the restaurant's fire extinguisher, hoping the icy powder wouldn't revive the sleeping behemoth. 3. Something which has the qualities of great power and might, and monstrous proportions. Labels: figuratively Example: The diehards who did turn out were at least rewarded with a first sight of Jon Parkin, the behemoth striker signed from Preston, who scored a stunning goal on his debut at Norwich last weekend. Example: The wide access corridors passed slowly, the conduits and pipes like the circulatory system of some vast planetary behemoth.
Word: diphthong Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *dwóh₁ Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *dwi- Proto-Hellenic *dwi- Ancient Greek δι- (di-) Ancient Greek φθέγγομαι (phthéngomai) Ancient Greek φθόγγος (phthóngos) Ancient Greek δῐ́φθογγος (dĭ́phthongos)der. Latin diphthongusbor. French diphtongueder. English diphthong From French diphtongue, from Late Latin diphthongus, from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos, “two sounds”), from δίς (dís, “twice”) + φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”). Pronunciation: /ˈdɪfˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/, /ˈdɪpˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/, /ˈdɪpˌθɔŋ/, /ˈdɪfˌθɔŋ/, /ˈdɪpˌθɑŋ/ 1. A complex vowel sound that begins with the sound of one vowel and ends with the sound of another vowel, in the same syllable. Example: In Lang Belta vowels usually appear preceding or following a consonant (see previous examples), and as of now no occurrence of diphthongs or triphthongs has been attested. 2. A diaphoneme realized as a two-target vowel in some but not necessarily all dialects. 3. A vowel digraph or ligature. Labels: rare Example: And he might have written the name, also, with the diphthong æ, as well as the single vowel, in the initial syllable, throughout all the preceding forms. Example: An improper diphthong has only one of the vowels sounded; as, ea in heat, oa in coal.
Word: arcane Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Latin arcānus (“hidden, secret”), from arceō (“to shut up, enclose”); cognate with Latin arca (“a chest”). Pronunciation: /ɑɹˈkeɪn/ 1. Understood by only a few. Example: arcane rituals Example: arcane knowledge 2. Obscure, mysterious. Labels: broadly Example: arcane origins Example: arcane details 3. Requiring secret or mysterious knowledge to understand. Example: 1997: Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, page 67, The Renaissance Episteme (Totem Books, Icon Books; →ISBN A “signature” was placed on all things by God to indicate their affinities — but it was hidden, hence the search for arcane knowledge. Knowing was guessing and interpreting, not observing or demonstrating. 4. Extremely old (e.g. interpretation or knowledge), and possibly irrelevant. Example: an arcane law
Word: cook Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō Latin *quoquō Latin coquō Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Italic *-os Old Latin -os Latin -us Latin coquus Vulgar Latin *cocusbor. Old English cōc Middle English cook English cook From Middle English cook, from Old English cōc (“a cook”), from Latin cocus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- (“to cook, become ripe”). Cognates Cognate with Cimbrian khoch (“cook”), Dutch kok (“cook”), German Koch (“cook”), Luxembourgish Kach (“cook”), Danish kok (“cook”), Icelandic kokkur (“cook”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk kokk (“cook”), Swedish kock (“cook”). Also compare Proto-West Germanic *kokōn (“to cook”) (whence North Frisian kööge, kööki (“to cook, boil”), West Frisian koaitsje (“to cook”), Cimbrian khochan, khòchan (“to cook”), Dutch koken (“to cook”), German kochen (“to cook”), Limburgish kaoke, kauche (“to cook”), Luxembourgish kachen (“to cook”), Vilamovian kocha, koha (“to cook”), Yiddish קאָכן (kokhn, “to cook”)), from Late Latin cocō (“to cook”). Pronunciation: /kʊk/, /kuːk/, /kʉk/ 1. A person who prepares food. Example: I'm a terrible cook, so I eat a lot of frozen dinners. 2. The head cook of a manor house. 3. The degree or quality of cookedness of food. 4. The member of a hot-rivetting team who heats the rivets in a brazier, see rivet. 5. One who manufactures certain illegal drugs, especially meth. Labels: slang Example: Police found two meth cooks working in the illicit lab. Example: By late October, the pressure on the Dark Arrows' ecstasy cook had eased. Other suppliers had moved in with product. 6. A session of manufacturing certain illegal drugs, especially meth. Labels: slang Example: Punko told Plante he wanted to use a full barrel for the next cook. 7. A fish, the European striped wrasse, Labrus mixtus. 8. An unintended solution to a chess problem, considered to spoil the problem. Example: The original endgame was one file to the right (Kf1, Kb5 etc.). But there is a cook after 1. c6 dxc6 2. d6 cxd6 3. h4 gxh3 e.p. 4. gxh3 Ka4! 5. h4 b5. My version eliminates the cook.
Word: cook Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Imitative. Pronunciation: /kʊk/, /kuːk/, /kʉk/ 1. To make the noise of the cuckoo. Labels: intransitive, obsolete, rare Example: Constant cuckoos cook on every side.
Word: cook Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Unknown; possibly related to chuck. Pronunciation: /kʊk/, /kuːk/, /kʉk/ 1. To throw. Labels: UK, dialectal, obsolete Example: Cook. To throw. Cook me that ball, throw me that ball. Glou.
Word: crush Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English cruschen (“to crush, smash, squeeze, squash”), from Old French croissir (“to crush”), from Late Latin *crusciō (“to crush”), from Frankish *krustijan (“to crush, squeeze, squash”), from Proto-Germanic *kreustaną (“to crush, grind, strike, smash”). Cognate with Middle Low German tôkrosten (“to crush, shatter”), Swedish krysta (“to squeeze”), Danish kryste (“to squash”), Icelandic kreista (“to squeeze, squash”), Faroese kroysta (“to squeeze”), Gothic 𐌺𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (kriustan, “to gnash”). Akin also to Middle Dutch crosen (“to bruise, crush”), Middle Low German krossen, krö̂sen, tôkrö̂sen (“to break, shatter”), Old Swedish krusa (“to crush”). Pronunciation: /kɹʌʃ/ 1. To press between two hard objects; to squeeze so as to alter the natural shape or integrity, or to force together into a mass. Example: to crush grapes Example: Ye shall not offer unto the Lord that which is bruised, or crushed, or broken, or cut 2. To reduce to fine particles by pounding or grinding. Example: to crush quartz Example: With a wild scream he was upon her, tearing a great piece from her side with his mighty teeth, and striking her viciously upon her head and shoulders with a broken tree limb until her skull was crushed to a jelly. 3. To overwhelm by pressure or weight. Labels: figuratively Example: After the corruption scandal, the opposition crushed the ruling party in the elections Example: We believe the invasion has reached its peak. The task remaining is to crush it. Our men are confident, the United Nations command is confident, that it will be crushed. 4. To do impressively well at (sports events; performances; interviews; etc.). Labels: colloquial, figuratively Example: They had a gig recently at Madison Square—totally crushed it! 5. To oppress or grievously burden. 6. To overcome completely; to subdue totally. Example: The sultan's black guard crushed every resistance bloodily. Example: the prospect of the Duke's speedily overtaking and crushing the rebels 7. To be or become broken down or in, or pressed into a smaller volume or area, by external weight or force. Labels: intransitive Example: an eggshell crushes easily 8. To feel infatuation or unrequited love. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: She's crushing on him. Example: Then walked in / The girl I'm crushin' / And the kid spilled juice / On my Mom's new cushion 9. To give a compressed or foreshortened appearance to. Example: He frames his subject in distant close-ups (we feel the distance, due mostly to the crushed perspective brought about by the telephoto lens). Example: They realise that trajectories, space expansion and crushing are different with different lenses, whether wide angle or telephoto, and that actors' eyelines will be altered. 10. To make certain colors so similar as to be hard to distinguish, either as a deliberate effect or as a limitation of a display. Labels: transitive Example: My old TV set crushes the blacks when the brightness is lowered.
Word: competition Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French compétition, from Late Latin competītiō, competītiōnem, from Latin competō, from con- + petō. By surface analysis, compete + -ition. Pronunciation: /ˌkɒm.pəˈtɪʃ.ən/, /ˌkɑm.pəˈtɪʃ.ən/, /ˌkɔm.pəˈtɪʃ.ən/, [ˌkɔ̟m.pəˈtəʃ.ən] 1. The action of competing. Labels: uncountable Example: The competition for this job is strong. Example: The humor of my proposition appealed more strongly to Miss Trevor than I had looked for, and from that time forward she became her old self again;[…]. Our table in the dining-room became again the abode of scintillating wit and caustic repartee, Farrar bracing up to his old standard, and the demand for seats in the vicinity rose to an animated competition. 2. A contest for a prize or award. Labels: countable Example: The newspaper is featuring a competition to win a car. 3. The competitors in such a contest. Labels: collective, uncountable Example: The new stain remover was ten times more effective than the competition. Example: Japanese retail stores have strove to, and have succeeded in, fulfilling these severe demands, and in doing so, have constantly had to innovate both technologically and institutionally in order to keep up with the competition.
Word: cushion Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English quysshyn, from later Old French coissin (modern coussin), from Vulgar Latin *coxīnus (“seat pad”), derived from Latin coxa (“hip, thigh”) (with the suffix possibly after Latin pulvīnus (“pillow”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs- (“joint, limb”). Pronunciation: /ˈkʊʃən/, /ˈkɵʃən/, /ˈkʉʃən/ 1. To furnish with cushions. Example: to cushion a sofa 2. To seat or place on, or as on a cushion. Example: How many doughty monarchs, in later and more polite ages, would have slept in cottages, and have worked in falls, instead of inhabiting palaces, and being cushioned up in thrones, if this rule of government had continued in force ? 3. To absorb or deaden the impact of. Labels: figuratively Example: to cushion a blow Example: […]the development of popular interest in Parliament made it less possible for the Privy Council in Dublin to cushion a bill which the Commons had presented to the Lord Lieutenant[…] 4. To conceal or cover up, as under a cushion. Labels: figuratively, transitive
Word: bitter Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰidrós Proto-Germanic *bitraz Proto-West Germanic *bitr Old English biter Middle English bittre English bitter From Middle English bitter, bittre, from Old English bitter, biter (“bitter”), from Proto-West Germanic *bitr, from Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”), equivalent to bite + -er (agent noun suffix) used attributively. Cognate with Saterland Frisian, West Frisian, Low German, Danish, Dutch, German, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish bitter, Icelandic bitur (all meaning “bitter”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɪt.ə/, [ˈbɪt.ʰə], [ˈbɪʔ.ə], /ˈbɪ.tɚ/, [ˈbɪ.ɾɚ] 1. Having an acrid taste (usually from a basic substance). Example: The coffee tasted bitter. Example: Long after his cigar burnt bitter, he sat with eyes fixed on the blaze. When the flames at last began to flicker and subside, his lids fluttered, then drooped; but he had lost all reckoning of time when he opened them again to find Miss Erroll in furs and ball-gown kneeling on the hearth[…]. 2. Harsh, piercing, acerbic or stinging. Example: It was at the end of February, […] when the world was cold, and a bitter wind howled down the moors […]. 3. Hateful or hostile. Example: They're bitter enemies. Example: Tottenham have not won in the Premier League at Emirates Stadium for 12 years, with Arsenal losing just one of their last 29 home league games against their bitter rivals. 4. Cynical and resentful. Example: I've been bitter ever since that defeat.
Word: bitter Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰidrós Proto-Germanic *bitraz Proto-West Germanic *bitr Old English biter Middle English bittre English bitter From Middle English bitter, bittre, from Old English bitter, biter (“bitter”), from Proto-West Germanic *bitr, from Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”), equivalent to bite + -er (agent noun suffix) used attributively. Cognate with Saterland Frisian, West Frisian, Low German, Danish, Dutch, German, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish bitter, Icelandic bitur (all meaning “bitter”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɪt.ə/, [ˈbɪt.ʰə], [ˈbɪʔ.ə], /ˈbɪ.tɚ/, [ˈbɪ.ɾɚ] 1. To an intense or severe degree; bitterly. Example: A dynamic personality in the outfit, he met his death in the bitter-fought engagements in Venafro. Example: After that bitter-spoken warning, talk ceased outside […].
Word: bitter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰidrós Proto-Germanic *bitraz Proto-West Germanic *bitr Old English biter Middle English bittre English bitter From Middle English bitter, bittre, from Old English bitter, biter (“bitter”), from Proto-West Germanic *bitr, from Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”), equivalent to bite + -er (agent noun suffix) used attributively. Cognate with Saterland Frisian, West Frisian, Low German, Danish, Dutch, German, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish bitter, Icelandic bitur (all meaning “bitter”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɪt.ə/, [ˈbɪt.ʰə], [ˈbɪʔ.ə], /ˈbɪ.tɚ/, [ˈbɪ.ɾɚ] 1. A liquid or powder, made from bitter herbs, used in mixed drinks or as a tonic. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Thus I begin: "All is not gold that glitters, "Pleasure seems sweet, but proves a glass of bitters. 2. A type of beer heavily flavored with hops. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A turn of a cable about the bitts. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: bitter Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰidrós Proto-Germanic *bitraz Proto-West Germanic *bitr Old English biter Middle English bittre English bitter From Middle English bitter, bittre, from Old English bitter, biter (“bitter”), from Proto-West Germanic *bitr, from Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”), equivalent to bite + -er (agent noun suffix) used attributively. Cognate with Saterland Frisian, West Frisian, Low German, Danish, Dutch, German, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish bitter, Icelandic bitur (all meaning “bitter”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɪt.ə/, [ˈbɪt.ʰə], [ˈbɪʔ.ə], /ˈbɪ.tɚ/, [ˈbɪ.ɾɚ] 1. To make bitter. Labels: archaic Example: bittered with the hop
Word: bitter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English bit Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English bitter From bit + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbɪt.ə/, [ˈbɪt.ʰə], [ˈbɪʔ.ə], /ˈbɪ.tɚ/, [ˈbɪ.ɾɚ] 1. A hardware system whose architecture is based around units of the specified number of bits (binary digits). Labels: in-compounds, informal Example: However, 16-bitters are far more expensive than the 8-bit variety. And, unfortunately, have only a handful of business applications software packages that really take advantage of them. Example: The company believes that the 32-bit market will almost equal that of 16-bitters by the end of the decade. Chip maker Zilog Inc., not a major player in the 16-bit arena, is even more bullish about 32-bitters as it readies its own version for market.
Word: cotton Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cotoun, from Anglo-Norman cotun, Old French coton, from (Genoese) Old Italian cotone, from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun), from Hebrew כֻּתֹּנֶת (kuttṓnĕṯ). Pronunciation: /ˈkɒt.n̩/, [ˈkʰɒt.n̩], /ˈkɑt.n̩/, [ˈkɑ.ʔn̩] 1. A fibrous substance: Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A fibrous substance: Labels: uncountable, usually 3. A plant source: Labels: uncountable, usually Example: K'a-shih has the most extensive cotton-growing area which amounted to 950 000 mou (6.3 million ares) in 1965. 4. A plant source: Labels: uncountable, usually 5. A manufactured product of such a substance: Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Now that she had rested and had fed from the luncheon tray Mrs. Broome had just removed, she had reverted to her normal gaiety. She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet. 6. A manufactured product of such a substance: Labels: countable, usually Example: The little girls appeared, looking fresh and cool in pretty pink cottons, and we two elder ones seized the opportunity of making a more elaborate toilette than usual. 7. A manufactured product of such a substance: Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Do not re-use needles; use fresh cottons each time. 8. A manufactured product of such a substance: Labels: uncountable, usually 9. A manufactured product of such a substance: Labels: archaic, uncountable, usually
Word: cotton Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English cotoun, from Anglo-Norman cotun, Old French coton, from (Genoese) Old Italian cotone, from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun), from Hebrew כֻּתֹּנֶת (kuttṓnĕṯ). Pronunciation: /ˈkɒt.n̩/, [ˈkʰɒt.n̩], /ˈkɑt.n̩/, [ˈkɑ.ʔn̩] 1. Made of cotton. Labels: not-comparable
Word: cotton Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First use appears c. the 1560s, either from Welsh cydun, cytun (“agree, coincide”) (cyduno, cytuno), from cyd, cyt + un (“one”), literally “to be at one with”, or by metaphor with the textile, as cotton blended well with other textiles, notably wool in hat-making. 1. To get on with someone or something; to have a good relationship with someone. Example: What meanes this? doth he dote so much of this strange harlot indeed? now I perceiue how this geare cottens. Example: I want to tell you the Dukes, both mother and son, are cottoning to her fast enough.
Word: cotton Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First use appears c. the 1560s, either from Welsh cydun, cytun (“agree, coincide”) (cyduno, cytuno), from cyd, cyt + un (“one”), literally “to be at one with”, or by metaphor with the textile, as cotton blended well with other textiles, notably wool in hat-making. 1. A liking. Labels: no-plural
Word: bottle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeHw-der. Ancient Greekbor.? Latin buttis Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Proto-Italic *-kelos Latin -culus Late Latin butticula Old French boteillebor. Middle English botel English bottle From Middle English botel (“bottle, flask, wineskin”), from Old French boteille, from Late Latin butticula, diminutive of buttis (“cask”). Doublet of botija. Displaced native pinne and non-native Old English ampella. Partially displaced Old English flasce. Pronunciation: /ˈbɒt.l̩/, /ˈbɑ.tl̩/, /ˈbɔʈɪl/, /-əl/ 1. A container, typically made of glass or plastic and having a tapered neck, used primarily for holding liquids. Example: Beer is often sold in bottles. Example: He had one hand on the bounce bottle—and he’d never let go of that since he got back to the table—but he had a handkerchief in the other and was swabbing his deadlights with it. 2. The contents of such a container. Example: I only drank a bottle of beer. 3. A container with a rubber nipple used for giving liquids to infants, a baby bottle. Example: The baby wants a bottle. Example: With Marvin getting older ... and walking now ... I thought it was time to start weaning him off of his bottle. 4. (originally bottle and glass as rhyming slang for "arse") Nerve, courage. Labels: UK, informal Example: You don’t have the bottle to do that! Example: He was going to ask her out, but he lost his bottle when he saw her. 5. A container of hair dye, hence with one’s hair color produced by dyeing. Labels: attributive Example: Did you know he’s a bottle brunette? His natural hair color is strawberry blonde. 6. Intoxicating liquor; alcohol. Labels: figuratively Example: to drown one’s troubles in the bottle Example: to hit the bottle
Word: bottle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeHw-der. Ancient Greekbor.? Latin buttis Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Proto-Italic *-kelos Latin -culus Late Latin butticula Old French boteillebor. Middle English botel English bottle From Middle English botel (“bottle, flask, wineskin”), from Old French boteille, from Late Latin butticula, diminutive of buttis (“cask”). Doublet of botija. Displaced native pinne and non-native Old English ampella. Partially displaced Old English flasce. Pronunciation: /ˈbɒt.l̩/, /ˈbɑ.tl̩/, /ˈbɔʈɪl/, /-əl/ 1. To seal (a liquid) into a bottle for later consumption. Also fig. Labels: transitive Example: This plant bottles vast quantities of spring water every day. Example: The temptation is to regard him [John Ogdon] as an idiot savant, a big talent bottled inside a recalcitrant body and accompanied by a personality that seems not just unremarkable, but almost entirely blank. 2. To feed (an infant) baby formula. Labels: UK, transitive Example: Because of complications she can't breast feed her baby and so she bottles him. 3. To refrain from doing (something) at the last moment because of a sudden loss of courage. Labels: UK, slang Example: The rider bottled the big jump. 4. To throw away a leading position. Labels: UK, slang Example: Arsenal bottled the Premier League. 5. To strike (someone) with a bottle. Labels: UK, slang Example: He was bottled at a nightclub and had to have facial surgery. 6. To pelt (a musical act on stage, etc.) with bottles as a sign of disapproval. Labels: UK, slang Example: Meat Loaf was once bottled at Reading Festival. 7. Of pages printed several on a sheet: to rotate slightly when the sheet is folded two or more times. Labels: intransitive Example: Closely related to creep is the process of bottling. As you may have noticed from your folded sheet of paper, pages don't merely creep when they're folded — they also rotate slightly. This rotation or bottling is caused by the thickness or bulk of the paper.
Word: bottle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English bottle, botel, buttle, from Old English botl (“building, house”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōþl, from Proto-Germanic *budlą, *buþlą, *bōþlą (“house, dwelling, farm”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōw- (literally “to swell, grow, thrive, be, live, dwell”). Cognate with North Frisian budel, bodel, bol, boel (“dwelling, inheritable property”), Dutch boedel, boel (“inheritance, estate”), Danish bol (“farm”), Icelandic ból (“dwelling, abode, farm, lair”). Related to Old English bytlan (“to build”). More at build. Pronunciation: /ˈbɒt.l̩/, /ˈbɑ.tl̩/, /ˈbɔʈɪl/, /-əl/ 1. A dwelling; habitation. Labels: UK, dialectal, obsolete 2. A building; house. Labels: UK, dialectal
Word: bottle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English botel (“bundle (of hay)”), from Old French botel, ultimately related to modern French botte (“bundle”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɒt.l̩/, /ˈbɑ.tl̩/, /ˈbɔʈɪl/, /-əl/ 1. A bundle, especially of hay; something tied in a bundle. Labels: obsolete Example: I was no ſooner in the middle of the pond, but my horſe vaniſht away, and I ſat vpon a bottle of hey, neuer ſo neare drowning in my life: […] Example: […]Me-thinkes I haue a great deſire to a bottle of hay: good hay, ſweete hay hath no fellow.
Word: behavior Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap-der. Proto-Germanic *habjaną Proto-West Germanic *habbjan Proto-West Germanic *bihabbjan Old English behabban Middle English behaven Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₁bʰéh₁yeti Proto-Italic *haβēō Latin habeō Old French avoirbor. Middle English havour Middle English behavoure English behavior From Middle English behavoure, behaver, from behaven (modern behave), morphologically equivalent to behave + -ior. The suffix was adopted in imitation of havour (modern haviour, havior), an etymologically unrelated word that was corrupted from Anglo‐Norman Anglo-Norman aveir and Old French Old French avoir (“property, wealth”) through false association with the native English verb have. The French term derives ultimately from Latin Latin habēre (“to have, hold”). Compare Scots havings (“behavior”), from have (“to behave”). Replaced Old English ġebǣru. Pronunciation: /bɪˈheɪ.vjə/, /bɪˈheɪ.vjəɹ/, /bɪˈhæɪ.vjə/, /bəˈhæɪ.vjə/ 1. Human conduct relative to social norms. Labels: US, uncountable, usually Example: Teachers will probably be on their best behaviour for your visit – but don't be upset if they don't even notice you; they've got enough going on. 2. The way or manner a living creature behaves or acts generally. Labels: US, countable, uncountable, usually 3. A state of probation about one's conduct. Labels: US, informal, uncountable, usually Example: He was on his best behavior when her family visited. 4. An observable response produced by an organism. Labels: US, countable, uncountable, usually 5. The way a device or system operates. Labels: US, uncountable, usually
Word: comb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English comb, from Old English camb (“comb”), from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz (“comb”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth”), a doublet of cam. The verb is derived from the noun and displaced the older verb kemb. Cognates Compare Saterland Frisian Koum, Swedish/Dutch kam, Danish kam, Norwegian kam, German Kamm; also Tocharian B keme, Lithuanian žam̃bas (“sharp edge”), Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), Albanian dhëmb, Ancient Greek γομφίος (gomphíos, “backtooth, molar”), Sanskrit जम्भ (jambha)). Pronunciation: /kəʊm/, /koʊm/ 1. A toothed implement: Example: There was also hairdressing: hairdressing, too, really was hairdressing in those times — no running a comb through it and that was that. It was curled, frizzed, waved, put in curlers overnight, waved with hot tongs;[…]. 2. A toothed implement: 3. A toothed implement: 4. A toothed implement: 5. A toothed implement: 6. A toothed implement: 7. A toothed implement: 8. A toothed implement: 9. A toothed implement: 10. A toothed implement: Example: Ctenophores are mostly planktonic creatures about the size and shape of a kiwi fruit or grape, bearing rows of beating "combs." 11. A crest: Example: I also obtained here a specimen of the rare green jungle-fowl (Gallus furcatus), whose back and neck are beautifully scaled with bronzy feathers, and whose smooth-edged oval comb is of a violet purple colour, changing to green at the base. 12. A crest: Labels: broadly Example: The head-dress of the Horse Grenadiers consists of a peculiar leather helmet with a comb of bear's skin passing over it from ear to ear and a long scarlet […] Example: The armet has usually a low central cabled comb with parallel flutes on either side, occasionally there are three or five combs. 13. A crest: 14. A structure of hexagon cells made by bees for storing honey; honeycomb. Example: The combs of the wild bees are found on overhanging precipices, and the only means by which they can be reached is to descend from above on narrow cane ladders just wide enough for a man’s foot, and often 300 feet to 400 feet long. 15. The main body of a harmonica containing the air chambers and to which the reed plates are attached. 16. A former, commonly cone-shaped, used in hat manufacturing for hardening soft fibre. 17. An old English measure of corn equal to the half quarter. Example: But the comb or half quarter is very general in the Eastern counties, particularly in Norfolk. 18. The curling crest of a wave; a comber. 19. A connected and reduced curve with irreducible components consisting of a smooth subcurve (called the handle) and one or more additional irreducible components (called teeth) that each intersect the handle in a single point that is unequal to the unique point of intersection for any of the other teeth. 20. A kind of vertical plate in a lode. Labels: Cornwall, obsolete
Word: comb Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English comb, from Old English camb (“comb”), from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz (“comb”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth”), a doublet of cam. The verb is derived from the noun and displaced the older verb kemb. Cognates Compare Saterland Frisian Koum, Swedish/Dutch kam, Danish kam, Norwegian kam, German Kamm; also Tocharian B keme, Lithuanian žam̃bas (“sharp edge”), Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), Albanian dhëmb, Ancient Greek γομφίος (gomphíos, “backtooth, molar”), Sanskrit जम्भ (jambha)). Pronunciation: /kəʊm/, /koʊm/ 1. Especially of hair or fur, to groom with a toothed implement, especially a comb. Labels: transitive Example: I like the way you comb your hair / And I like those stylish clothes you wear / It's just the little things you do / That show how much you really care 2. To separate choice cotton fibers from worsted cloth fibers. Labels: transitive 3. To search thoroughly as if raking over an area with a comb. Labels: transitive Example: Police combed the field for evidence after the assault. 4. To roll over, as the top or crest of a wave; to break with a white foam, as waves. Labels: intransitive 5. To turn a vessel parallel to (the track of) (a torpedo) so as to reduce one's size as a target. Labels: transitive Example: The aircraft split up so as to attack from different, preselected bearings, thus confusing the gunners and making it difficult for the ship to comb torpedo tracks. Example: Sixteen torpedo bombers divided their attention between the two ships. Repulse combed the torpedo wakes and knocked down two of the attackers.
Word: comb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From combination. Pronunciation: /kɒmb/ 1. Abbreviation of combination. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, rare
Word: comb Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /kuːm/ 1. Alternative form of combe. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: comb Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /kuːm/ 1. Alternative form of coomb. Labels: alt-of, alternative, dialectal Example: [Regarding a period of agricultural depression] Even on the good land where the farmer hadn't enough capital to look after it and have it properly drained he couldn't hold on. He'd be getting a yield of eight combs of wheat and ten combs of barley per acre. But that wasn't good enough: it gave him no leeway. This is understandable when you recollect the price of wheat at that time.
Word: committee Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From commit + -ee, or else revival of Anglo-Norman commite, past participle of commettre (“to commit”), from Latin committere, from con- (“with”) + mittere (“to send”). The OED3 prefers the first etymology. Pronunciation: /kəˈmɪt.i/, /ˈkə.mɪ.ʈi/, [kɐ.mɪ̈.ʈiˑ], /ˌkɒm.ɪˈtiː/, /ˌkɑ.mɪˈtiː/ 1. A body of one or more persons convened for the accomplishment of some specific purpose, typically with formal protocols. Example: My uncle is on the committee. Example: And it is further ordained, that the Members of both Houses, that now are Members of the assembly of Divines, or any seven of them, be a standing Committee of both houses of Parliament, to consider the causes of suspension from the Sacrament of the Lords Supper, not contained in this Ordinance: unto which Committee any Eldership shall present such causes, to the end that the Parliament, if need require, may heare and determine the same. 2. A guardian; someone in charge of another person deemed to be unable to look after themselves. Labels: archaic 3. Alternative form of kameti. Labels: Pakistan, alt-of, alternative