nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: institution Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English institucioun, from Old French institution, from Latin institūtiō, from instituō (“to set up”), from in- (“in, on”) + statuō (“to set up, establish”). Equivalent to institute + -ion. Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, /ˌɪn.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən/, /ˌɪn.stɪˈtu.ʃən/, /ˌɪn.stɪˈtjʉː.ʃən/ 1. A long-established organization or type of organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The University of the South Pacific is the only internationally accredited institution of higher education in Oceania. Example: […] these professors of Little Red Schoolhouse-education did not themselves remain in the isolated and handicapped little institution they glorify. 2. A custom or practice of a society or community. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The institution of marriage is present in many cultures but its details vary widely across them. Example: To the cynical observation that speech is given us to conceal our thoughts it might be added that eating and drinking enable us to hide our feelings. I think that is why food is an institution almost whenever human beings have anything to say to one another. 3. The building or buildings which house such an organization. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He's been in an institution since the crash. 4. A mental institution. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable 5. Any facility where people (especially those who are mentally or physically disabled or sick, or who are prisoners) are committed (confined), where their freedom to leave is restricted. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Any long established and respected place or business. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable Example: Over time, the local pub has become something of an institution. Example: [quoting Giles Coren] "The Wykeham Arms [a pub] is destroyed. They have turned a great old English institution into a shameful clip-joint. It's a shuddering, howling tragedy." 7. A person long established in a place, position, or field. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable Example: She's not just any old scholar; she is an institution. 8. The act of instituting something. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The institution of higher speed limits was a popular move but increased the severity of crashes. Example: Accordingly if we can show that a barbarous custom, like that of the priesthood of Nemi, has existed elsewhere; if we can detect the motives which led to its institution; if we can prove that these motives have operated widely, perhaps universally, in human society... 9. The act by which a bishop commits a cure of souls to a priest. Labels: countable, uncountable 10. That which institutes or instructs, particularly a textbook or system of elements or rules. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 11. A correctional institution. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable
Word: bye Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant form of by, from Old English bī (“being near”). Pronunciation: /baɪ/, /bɑːj/ 1. The position of a person or team in a tournament or competition who draws no opponent in a particular round so advances to the next round unopposed, or is awarded points for a win in a league table; also the phantom opponent of such a person or team. Example: Craig's Crew plays the bye next week. Example: The Patriots were in the unique situation of having to play 16 straight games, then have their bye in week 17, whether they needed it or not. 2. An extra scored when the batsmen take runs after the ball has passed the striker without hitting either the bat or the batsman. 3. A thing not directly aimed at; a secondary or subsidiary object, course, path, undertaking, issue, etc. Labels: obsolete Example: The Synod of Dort in some points condemneth, upon the by, even the discipline of the Church of England. 4. An unspecified way or place. Labels: Scotland Example: Frank Kennedy will shew you the penalties in the act, and ye ken yoursell they used to put their run goods into the auld Place of Ellangowan up bye there. Example: This was lattin at me, ye ken, for inveetin the coachman an' the gamekeeper up bye. 5. A pass.
Word: bye Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Variant form of by, from Old English bī (“being near”). Pronunciation: /baɪ/, /bɑːj/ 1. Out of the way; remote. Example: At length having gained a very bye Alley, where he thought he might enter into a Conference unnoticed by any who knew him. Example: I left Colchester at one o'clock, and had a very agreeable ride from thence to my Uncle's– It is a very bye road , I did not meet a carriage or horse all the way, which is I believe eleven or twelve miles, but however I turned this to good advantage, and availed myself of the rural ride and variegated prospects, which assisted me to meditate. 2. Secondary; supplementary. Example: But the two labourers of whom I am speaking had their allowances, lived on their fixed wages with the profits of their bye labour, one being pig-killer to the village, and, therefore, always busy from Michaelmas to Lady-day, at a shilling a pig, and the offal, on which his family subsisted, wit h the produce of their small curtilage, for half the year. Example: As we shall see presently the wife of a craftsman almost always worked as her husband's assistant in his trade, or if not, she often eked out the family income by some such bye industry as brewing and spinning; sometimes she even practised a separate trade as a femme sole.
Word: bye Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós? Proto-Germanic *gudą Proto-West Germanic *god Old English god Middle English god Middle English God English God Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *bʰuHyétider.? Proto-Germanic *beuną Proto-West Germanic *beun Old English bēon Middle English been English be Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *dwi- Proto-Indo-European *wí Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Indo-European *wíterosder. Proto-Indo-European *wíterom Proto-Germanic *wiþrą Proto-West Germanic *wiþr Old English wiþerclip. Old English wiþ Middle English wiþ English with Proto-Indo-European *uswé Proto-Indo-European *-(m)is? Proto-Indo-European *uswísder. Proto-Germanic *izwiz Proto-West Germanic *iwwiz Old English ēow Middle English yow English you ▲ English goodinflu. English goodbyeclip. English bye Shortened form of goodbye. Pronunciation: /baɪ/, /bɑːj/ 1. Goodbye. Labels: colloquial 2. An exclamation of disbelief or dismissal. Labels: slang Example: “Okay, busted. But you see all them muscles, girl?” She shakes her head, laughing. “Nope. I only have eyes for my boo.” “Girl, bye. You can still look.” She giggles. “Well, I ain’t lookin’ hard, trust.[…]” Example: Rowlings-Blake responded: "Girl bye, if he can't take criticism from 'a joke', what's he gonna do when somebody real comes for him? #notready"
Word: bye Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /baɪ/, /bɑːj/ 1. Eye dialect spelling of boy. Labels: alt-of, pronunciation-spelling Example: "So what shall I do, now, Patric? Can you think of any plan? "Bedad!" said Pat , as he scratched his head , “ I'm the very bye that can." Example: 'Och,' sez I, 'there's many a bye that's lonely livin' rite wid his friends an' naybors. Sure an' I'm lonesome mesilf.'
Word: bye Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Alternative forms. Pronunciation: /baɪ/, /bɑːj/ 1. Obsolete spelling of by. Labels: alt-of, obsolete
Word: bye Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Alternative forms. Pronunciation: /baɪ/, /bɑːj/ 1. Obsolete spelling of bee. Labels: alt-of, obsolete
Word: perimeter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin perimetros, Ancient Greek περίμετρος (perímetros). Equivalent to peri- + meter. Pronunciation: /pɪˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə/, /pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.təɹ/, [-ɾɚ], /pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə/, /ˈpɹɪm.ɪ.tə/ 1. The sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object. 2. The length of such a boundary. 3. The outer limits of an area. Example: In 1977, Papa Wemba decided to change the name of his housing tract, in the outskirts of Kinshasa, to Village Molokai,² of which he declared himself traditional chief. Then, within this perimeter, he advocated a clothing style that featured, among its distinctions, a beret, and that went along with a way of walking, talking, and behaving toward others. 4. A fortified strip or boundary usually protecting a military position. 5. An instrument for determining the extent and shape of the field of vision.
Word: penalize Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English penal Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English penalize From penal + -ize. Pronunciation: /ˈpiː.nəl.aɪz/, /ˈpɛn.əl.aɪz/ 1. To subject to a penalty, especially for the infringement of a rule or regulation. Labels: transitive Example: Women should not be penalized or forced out of the workplace simply because they become pregnant. UPS, in fact, has come around to that position. It now offers light-duty accommodations to pregnant women who need them. Example: Ready for another term? Try vindictive protectiveness. In essence, in the name of emotional wellbeing, students can eliminate anything they do not want to think about, read about, or be challenged about. And penalize those who would expose them to it. How? In the name of "offense". 2. To impose a handicap on. Labels: transitive
Word: frontal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin frontālis, from frons (“the forehead, brow, front”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent to front + -al; cognate of French frontal. Doublet of frontalis. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹʌn.təl/, /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/, /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/ 1. Of, relating to, directed toward, or situated at the front. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of, relating to, directed toward, or situated at the front. Labels: not-comparable Example: a frontal attack 3. Of or relating to the forehead or frontal bone. Labels: not-comparable 4. Parallel to the main axis of the body and at right angles to the sagittal plane. Labels: not-comparable 5. Any of the scales of a reptile that lie in the general region of the forehead, more specifically between the eyes and to the anterior of this area. Labels: not-comparable 6. Of or relating to a weather front. Labels: not-comparable
Word: frontal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin frontālis, from frons (“the forehead, brow, front”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent to front + -al; cognate of French frontal. Doublet of frontalis. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹʌn.təl/, /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/, /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/ 1. Ellipsis of frontal bone. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis
Word: frontal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English frountel, from Old French frontel, from Latin frontāle (“a frontlet, metal band for the forehead”). Pronunciation: /ˈfɹʌn.təl/, /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/, /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/ 1. A decorative drapery covering the front of an altar. Example: Even the mantelpiece is adorned with a totally unfunctional tasselled valance rather like an altar frontal. 2. The façade of a building.
Word: intermingle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér Proto-Italic *n̥ter Latin inter Latin inter-bor. English inter- English mingle English intermingle From inter- + mingle. Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəˈmɪŋɡl̩/, /ˌɪntəɹˈmɪŋɡ(ə)l/, [-ɾəɹ-] 1. To mix (things) together. Labels: transitive Example: These representative species often meet and interlock; and as the one becomes rarer and rarer, the other becomes more and more frequent, till the one replaces the other. But if we compare these species where they intermingle, they are generally as absolutely distinct from each other in every detail of structure as are specimens taken from the metropolis inhabited by each. 2. To become mixed together. Labels: intransitive Example: At present, passenger and goods traffic intermingle, a factor which complicates operation.
Word: disrupt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Latin disruptus, from disrumpo, commonly dirumpo (“to break or burst asunder”), from dis-, di- (“apart, asunder”) + rumpo (“to break”). Pronunciation: /dɪsˈɹʌpt/, /dɪzˈɹʌpt/, /dɪzˈɹʊpt/ 1. To throw into confusion or disorder. Labels: transitive Example: Hecklers disrupted the man's speech. 2. To interrupt or impede. Labels: transitive Example: Work on the tunnel was disrupted by a strike. Example: The Glaswegians bore good-humouredly the mishaps which occasionally disrupted the services during the first month. 3. To improve a product or service in ways that displace an established one and surprise the market. Labels: transitive Example: The internet makes it easier for leaner businesses to disrupt the larger and more unwieldy ones.
Word: disrupt Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Latin disruptus, from disrumpo, commonly dirumpo (“to break or burst asunder”), from dis-, di- (“apart, asunder”) + rumpo (“to break”). Pronunciation: /dɪsˈɹʌpt/, /dɪzˈɹʌpt/, /dɪzˈɹʊpt/ 1. Torn off or torn asunder; severed; disrupted. Labels: obsolete
Word: violation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French violation, from Latin violātiō (“injury, profanation”), from violō (“to treat with violence; to maltreat; to violate, defile, profane”). Morphologically violate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act or an instance of violating or the condition of being violated. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In this situation, the agent’s lack of knowledge is diagnosed as a violation of the modalized tracking condition, which is relativized to the content-specific method of belief formation employed. Example: William Davis Jr. admitted he had been drinking and driving, but he said he shouldn’t have been caught. Even though police had issued a BOLO or “be on the lookout” for his car and an officer testified Davis made several traffic violations, he said there wasn’t enough probable cause for the initial traffic stop that turned into a DUI. […] Davis said he should not have been stopped because the BOLO for his car was not checked out before he was pulled over, but Justice Cornelia Clark pointed out that shouldn’t matter. 2. The act or an instance of violating or the condition of being violated. Labels: countable, euphemistic, uncountable 3. The act or an instance of violating or the condition of being violated. Labels: countable, slang, uncountable Example: Nahh saying that to bro is actually a violation 💀
Word: obstruct Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin past participle stem obstruct- (“blocked up”), from verb obstruere, from ob (“against”) + struere (“pile up, build”). Pronunciation: /əbˈstɹʌkt/, /əbˈstɹɐkt/ 1. To block or fill (a passage) with obstacles or an obstacle. 2. To impede, retard, or interfere with; hinder. Example: They obstructed my progress. 3. To get in the way of so as to hide from sight.
Word: discipline Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English [Term?], from Anglo-Norman, from Old French descipline, from Latin disciplina (“instruction”), from discipulus (“pupil”), influenced by disco (“to learn”), from Proto-Indo-European *dek- (“(cause to) accept”). Pronunciation: /ˈdɪsɪplɪn/, /ˈdɪsəplɪn/, [ˈd̥ɪsɪ̽plɪ̈n], /ɖɪˈsɪplɪn/ 1. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The most perfect, who have their passions in the best discipline, are yet obliged to be constantly on their guard. 2. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The masters looked unusually stern, but it was the sternness of thought rather than of discipline. 3. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order, regularity, and obedience. Example: Endure hardship as discipline; God is treating you as his children. For what children are not disciplined by their father? 4. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part, / Obey the rules and discipline of art. 5. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: giving her the discipline of the strap 7. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: All she had done was give Teena a cilice, a barbed metal chain she was to tie around her thigh for two hours every day, and a discipline, a rope whip with knotted ends she was to use on her back when she prayed the Hail Mary. 8. A controlled behaviour; self-control. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Near-synonyms: specialty, speciality, specialism Example: academic disciplines 10. A specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: discipline Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English [Term?], from Anglo-Norman, from Old French descipline, from Latin disciplina (“instruction”), from discipulus (“pupil”), influenced by disco (“to learn”), from Proto-Indo-European *dek- (“(cause to) accept”). Pronunciation: /ˈdɪsɪplɪn/, /ˈdɪsəplɪn/, [ˈd̥ɪsɪ̽plɪ̈n], /ɖɪˈsɪplɪn/ 1. To train someone by instruction and practice. Labels: transitive 2. To teach someone to obey authority. Labels: transitive 3. To punish someone in order to (re)gain control. Labels: transitive 4. To impose order on someone. Labels: transitive
Word: numerous Part of Speech: det Etymology: From Middle English numerous from Latin numerōsus (“numerous, abundant; harmonious”), from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numerose. Analyzeable as numero- + -ous. Pronunciation: /ˈnuməɹəs/, /ˈnumɹəs/, /ˈnjuːməɹəs/, /ˈnjuːmɹəs/ 1. An indefinite large number of. Example: There are numerous definitions of the word 'man'. Example: There are numerous reasons to refrain.
Word: numerous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English numerous from Latin numerōsus (“numerous, abundant; harmonious”), from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numerose. Analyzeable as numero- + -ous. Pronunciation: /ˈnuməɹəs/, /ˈnumɹəs/, /ˈnjuːməɹəs/, /ˈnjuːmɹəs/ 1. Indefinitely large numerically; many. Example: The reasons to refrain are numerous. 2. Consisting of a large number of individuals or parts. Example: A numerous band of men and maidens escorts him by torchlight.
Word: pistol Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably from Middle French pistole, or via Middle English pistolet, from Middle French pistolet (“small firearm or small dagger”). The origin is unclear. If via German to Romance probably from Middle High German forms like pischulle from Czech píšťala (“firearm”, literally “tube, pipe”), from Proto-Slavic *piščalь, from *piskati, *piščati (“to squeak, whistle”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-. Alternatively, if from Romance to German, from or related to Italian pistolese (“short dagger”), from Italian Pistoia (“a Tuscan town noted for its gunsmithing”). Pronunciation: /ˈpɪstəl/, [ˈpɪstəl] ~ [ˈpɪstl̩] 1. A handgun Labels: broadly 2. A handgun Labels: broadly Example: She leveled her pistol at the target. 3. The mechanical component of a fuse in a bomb or torpedo responsible for firing the detonator. 4. A lively, high-energy person. Example: She was gregarious, opinionated, and in charge, the kind of person you'd describe as a real pistol, and I was immediately drawn to her. Example: KENT NELSON —Until my wife Inza convinced me there was more to life. Ah, she was a real pistol, that Inza. 5. An offensive formation in which the quarterback receives the snap at a distance behind the center, but closer than in a shotgun formation, with a running back lined up behind him.
Word: pistol Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Probably from Middle French pistole, or via Middle English pistolet, from Middle French pistolet (“small firearm or small dagger”). The origin is unclear. If via German to Romance probably from Middle High German forms like pischulle from Czech píšťala (“firearm”, literally “tube, pipe”), from Proto-Slavic *piščalь, from *piskati, *piščati (“to squeak, whistle”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-. Alternatively, if from Romance to German, from or related to Italian pistolese (“short dagger”), from Italian Pistoia (“a Tuscan town noted for its gunsmithing”). Pronunciation: /ˈpɪstəl/, [ˈpɪstəl] ~ [ˈpɪstl̩] 1. To shoot (at) a target with a pistol. Labels: transitive
Word: braces Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/ 1. plural of brace Labels: form-of, plural
Word: braces Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/ 1. A device worn on the teeth to straighten them. Labels: plural, plural-only Example: Susy has to go to the dentist to see if she needs braces. 2. Handcuffs. Labels: dated, plural, plural-only Example: We put that villain in braces. 3. A pair of straps crossing one's shoulders and extending down to one's trousers, where a clip or button arrangement allows them to affix to the trousers, ensuring that they will not fall off. Labels: UK, plural, plural-only
Word: braces Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/ 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of brace Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: embankment Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Italic *en Proto-Italic *en- Latin in- Old French en-bor. Middle English en- English en- English bank English embank Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom Proto-Italic *-mentom Latin -mentum Old French -mentbor. Middle English -ment English -ment English embankment From embank + -ment. Pronunciation: /ɪmˈbæŋkmənt/, [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt] ~ [ɪmˈbæŋkmn̩t], /ɪmˈbeɪ̯ŋkmənt/, [ɪmˈbeɪ̯ŋkmənt] ~ [ɪmˈbeɪ̯ŋkmn̩t], /ɪmˈbɛ̃ŋkmənt/ 1. a long mound of earth, stone, or similar material, usually built for purposes such as to hold back or store water, for protection from weather or enemies, or to support a road or railway. Example: The work to be done under these specifications consists in furnishing all materials and erecting a stone embankment, an earth embankment, and a wharf. The stone embankment will contain about 216,000 tons of stone; the earth embankment about 285,000 cubic yards of broken stone, sand, or other suitable material; and the wharf will contain 501,320 feet of timber, and 802 piles, together with the requisite quantity of cast iron mooring bits, wrought iron spikes, bolts, etc. Example: Sink a trench so the pipe of your water-works will be below ground; have the pump and the mules which work it at such a point and so defended by an epaulement or traverse, or some other defensive embankment, as to shield them.
Word: ricochet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French ricochet, of uncertain origin. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪk.ə.ʃeɪ/ 1. A method of firing a projectile so that it skips along a surface. 2. An instance of ricocheting; a glancing rebound. Example: And you've not been hit / By flying lead / You'd better close your eyes / Bow your head / Wait for the ricochet
Word: ricochet Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French ricochet, of uncertain origin. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪk.ə.ʃeɪ/ 1. To rebound off something wildly in a seemingly random direction. Example: Everything that could go right for England did although they never felt lucky and they chuckled at Kane’s third that ricocheted off his heel while he was looking the other way. Example: The truth is that our love / Will ricochet through eternity 2. To operate upon by ricochet firing.
Word: modification Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English modificatioune, from Middle French modification and its etymon Latin modificātiō (“a measuring”), from modificāre (“to limit, control, modify”); see modify. By surface analysis, modify + -ication. Pronunciation: /ˌmɑdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, /ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ 1. The act of assessing and prescribing a payment, penalty, price, valuation, etc. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Wherein his highnes commandement is, that a graue, wiſe, ⁊ ſage man, ſhalbe appointed pꝛeſident, who may haue yͤ ouerſight of theſe boũds, ⁊ be anſwerable therefoꝛe to the biſhop, his coũſell ⁊ ſynode, ⁊ he to be reſpected reaſonably foꝛ his paines, at the modification of ſtipends: […] Example: Mekle Kindeass 2 b. 1 f. and £3 12s 1d . . . . and whatever augmentation . . be ye lords commissioners . . . . for modificaton of stipends and plantation of kirks . . . . 2. The form of existence belonging to a particular object, entity etc.; a mode of being. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Pleasure is the business of woman's life, according to the present modification of society […] 3. The change undergone by a word when used in a construction. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The result of modifying something; a new or changed form. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. The act of making a change to something while keeping its essential character intact; an alteration or adjustment. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: behavior modification officer Example: Jim's modification to the radio's tuning resulted in clearer sound. 6. A change to an organism as a result of its environment that is not transmissable to offspring. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Due to his sunbathing, Jim's body experienced modifications: he got a tan. 7. A change to a word when it is borrowed by another language. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The Chinese word kòutóu had a modification made to become the English kowtow.
Word: premium Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin praemium (“prize”). Pronunciation: /ˈpɹiː.miː.əm/ 1. Superior in quality; higher in price or value. Labels: not-comparable 2. High-end; belonging to the market segment between mid-market and luxury. Labels: not-comparable
Word: premium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin praemium (“prize”). Pronunciation: /ˈpɹiː.miː.əm/ 1. A prize or award. 2. Something offered at a reduced price as an inducement to buy something else. 3. A bonus paid in addition to normal payments. Example: At first I wrote it off to the simpler protocols of grandparenthood, with its premium on uncomplicated gestures of generosity and love. 4. The amount to be paid for an insurance policy. Example: (Of course, if an insured dies during the grace period, the unpaid annual premium or instalment thereof is past due and therefore is deducted from the death benefit.) Example: Notice that these premia would exist even in a world of risk-neutral lenders if there were identifiable classes of nonrepaying borrowers. 5. An unusually high value. 6. The amount by which a security's value exceeds its face value.
Word: blinker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English blink Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English blinker From blink + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈblɪŋkə/, /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/ 1. Anything that blinks. Example: She was a frequent blinker, always on the verge of tears. 2. The turn signal of an automobile. Labels: Australia, Northern-US, informal 3. A shield attached to the bridle of a horse or other domesticated animal to prevent it from seeing things behind it and to its side. Labels: in-plural 4. Whatever obstructs sight or discernment. Example: This floor let not the vulgar tread, / Who worship only what they dread: / Nor bigots who but one way see, / Through blinkers of authority 5. The eyelid. Labels: rare 6. A black eye. Labels: slang Example: The next morning, Jimmy came home with a fat lip and a black eye. Flory rushed over to tend to him. “Ain't nothin'. Just a blinker... had a fight with a guy. […] 7. In Conway's Game of Life, an arrangement of three cells in a row that switches between horizontal and vertical orientations in each generation. Example: The following for example, doesn't work because the spark at the top is actually a blinker, and doesn't die. Without the blinker, this object is known as an OWSS (overweight spaceship). Example: 3 live cells together can yield either a blinker or a block, so these will be the most common objects formed "out of the void". 8. A situation where the light of a dab pen or vape starts blinking, which happens when the user takes an extremely long hit. Labels: slang Example: a double blinker (hitting blinkers on two pens simultaneously) Example: I just hit a blinker.
Word: blinker Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English blink Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English blinker From blink + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈblɪŋkə/, /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/ 1. To put blinkers on. Labels: transitive Example: The farmer stopped to blinker his horse before riding into an area of heavy traffic.
Word: satisfaction Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English satisfaccioun, from Old French satisfaccion and Latin satisfactiō, satisfactiōnis. Pronunciation: /sætɪsˈfækʃən/ 1. A fulfilment of a need or desire. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The witch, repository of hieratic lore and folk legends and occult arcana, became the distributor of philtres and unguents, electuaries and pastilles, herbs and charms and incantations - directed toward sexual pleasures and amatory satisfactions. 2. The pleasure obtained by the fulfillment of one or more needs or desires; a sense of contentment with one's situation and achievements. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: November 4, 1860, Henry David Thoreau, letter to Mr. D. R. This life is not for complaint, but for satisfaction. Example: Selwyn, sitting up rumpled and cross-legged on the floor, after having boloed Drina to everybody's exquisite satisfaction, looked around at the sudden rustle of skirts to catch a glimpse of a vanishing figure—a glimmer of ruddy hair and the white curve of a youthful face, half-buried in a muff. 3. The source of such gratification. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A reparation for an injury or loss. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A vindication for a wrong suffered. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The count demanded satisfaction in the form of a duel at dawn. Example: He is knight dubb'd with vnhatche'd Rapier, and on carpet conſideration, but he is a diuell in priuate brall, soules and bodies hath he diuorc'd three, and his incenſement at this moment is ſo implacable, that ſatisfaction can be none, but by pangs of death and ſepulcher: Hob, nob, is his word: giu't or take't. 6. Sexual pleasure. Labels: countable, euphemistic, uncountable Example: To young man who enjoys receiving oral satisfaction, this BiWM will give you all you want.
Word: verecund Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin verēcundus (“shy, modest”). Pronunciation: /ˈvɛɹɪkʌnd/ 1. modest Labels: literary, poetic, rare 2. bashful Labels: rare
Word: inverecund Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin inverecundus, from in- + verecundus (“modest”), from vereri (“to revere”). Pronunciation: /ɪnˈvɛɹɪkʌnd/ 1. Immodest; shameless. Labels: archaic, rare Example: Only in puerice do we possess the inverecund innocence of our primaeval progenitors. Example: […] if an inverecund habit shall have gradually traduced the honourable by ancestors transmitted customs […]
Word: obligate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First attested in 1533; borrowed from Latin obligātus, perfect passive participle of obligō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of oblige, taken through French. Pronunciation: /ˈɒb.lɪˌɡeɪt/, /ˈɑ.blɪˌɡeɪt/ 1. To bind, compel, constrain, or oblige by a social, legal, or moral tie. Labels: transitive Example: That progress has taken over ten years and £20 million to bring to fruition. But, as Mands explains, the journey has been one that HSG has been almost obligated to undertake. "First and foremost, this is an environmental project," she says. 2. To cause to be grateful or indebted; to oblige. Labels: Canada, Scotland, US, transitive 3. To commit (money, for example) in order to fulfill an obligation. Labels: Canada, Scotland, US, transitive
Word: obligate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Partly inherited from Middle English obligat(e) (“bound (by any obligation), obliged”), partly directly borrowed from Latin obligātus, see Etymology 1, -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (noun-forming suffix) for more. Pronunciation: /ˈɒb.lɪ.ɡɪt/, /ˈɑ.blɪ.ɡɪt/ 1. Requiring a (specified) way of life, habitat, etc. Example: [A]nalysis of the chemical composition of their bones reveals that they were obligate carnivores. 2. Indispensable; essential; necessary; obligatory; mandatory; unavoidably invoked. Example: In addition to being the obligate food source for monarch caterpillars, milkweeds also provide abundant nectar for the adult butterflies. Example: In some languages such signaling is optional, whereas in others it is obligate. 3. Bound by oath, law or duty. Labels: obsolete Example: The Law sayith, Mack a mendis for thy synne. The Father of Heaven is wraith wyth thee. Quhair is thy rychteousnes, goodnes, and satisfactioun ? Thou art bound and obligat unto me, [to] the devill, and [to] hell.
Word: obligate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Partly inherited from Middle English obligat(e) (“bound (by any obligation), obliged”), partly directly borrowed from Latin obligātus, see Etymology 1, -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (noun-forming suffix) for more. 1. An obligate organism.
Word: fanny pack Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From fanny (“the backside”) + pack. Pronunciation: /ˈfæni pæk/ 1. A small fabric pouch secured with a zipper and worn at the waist by a strap around the hips. Labels: Canada, US Example: She wears her fanny pack every day on her morning jog around Central Park.
Word: summarize Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English summary Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English summarize From summary + -ize. Pronunciation: /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ 1. To prepare a summary of (something). Labels: ambitransitive Example: Jim was asked to summarize the document by Wednesday. 2. To give a recapitulation of the salient facts; to recapitulate or review. Labels: ambitransitive Example: After the meeting, Jim summarized the major decisions made. Example: An old friend summarized the mindset of much of the developed world wryly and succinctly: "We don't need the world, we only need money." In other words, we don't actually need real-world sources of life's essentials that are within our control or a functional biosphere because since we can buy everything we could possibly want or need with money. So, money is all we need.
Word: regiment Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French regement, régiment, and its source, Late Latin regimentum (“direction for government; course of medical treatment”), from Latin regō (“rule”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛd͡ʒɪmənt/ 1. A unit of armed troops under the command of an officer, and consisting of several smaller units. Labels: countable Example: It was an old, withered man, who had served the Government in the days of the Mutiny as a native officer in a newly raised cavalry regiment. Example: As the prime minister insisted that he had "never told a lie" in his life, the Tory leader attacked him for ordering Scottish troops into battle with no warning that their regiments would be disbanded. 2. Rule or governance over a person, place etc.; government, authority. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable Example: What place is there in all the world, not ſubiect to the regiment and power of this citie? Example: Then loyall loue had royall regiment, And each vnto his luſt did make a lawe, From all forbidden things his liking to withdraw. 3. The state or office of a ruler; rulership. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: But this it is that doth excruciate The verie ſubſtance of my vexed ſoule: To ſee our neighbours that were wont to quake And tremble at the Perſean Monarkes name, Now ſits and laughs our regiment to ſcorne, […] 4. Influence or control exercised by someone or something (especially a planet). Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Nature that fram’d vs of foure Elements, Warring within our breaſts for regiment, Doth teach vs all to haue aſpyring minds: 5. A place under a particular rule; a kingdom or domain. Labels: countable, obsolete Example: An auncient booke[…] That of this lands firſt conqueſt did deuize, And old diuiſion into Regiments, […] 6. A regimen. Labels: countable, obsolete
Word: regiment Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French regement, régiment, and its source, Late Latin regimentum (“direction for government; course of medical treatment”), from Latin regō (“rule”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛd͡ʒɪmənt/ 1. To form soldiers into a regiment. Labels: transitive Example: The people are organized or regimented into bodies, and special functions are relegated to the several units. 2. To systematize, or put in rigid order. Labels: transitive Example: The result was a tidy, law-abiding country, but one that visitors often described as regimented, sterile and dull.
Word: cadet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French cadet, from Gascon capdet, from Late Latin capitellum (“small head”). Attested in English from 1634. Doublet of caddie, cadeau, cadel, capital, capitellum, and caudillo. Pronunciation: /kəˈdɛt/ 1. A student at a military school who is training to be an officer. 2. A younger or youngest son, who would not inherit as a firstborn son would. Example: Bertram is certainly well off for a cadet of even a Baronet's family. By the time he is four or five and twenty he will have seven hundred a year, and nothing to do for it. 3. Junior. (See also the heraldic term cadency.) Labels: in-compounds Example: a cadet branch of the family 4. A young man who makes a business of ruining girls to put them in brothels. Labels: US, archaic, slang 5. A young gentleman learning sheep farming at a station; also, any young man attached to a sheep station. Labels: New-Zealand, historical 6. A participant in a cadetship. Labels: Australia
Word: affront Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English afrounten, from Old French afronter (“to hit in the face; to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontare (“to hit in the face”), from Latin ad (“to”) + frōns (“forehead”) (English front). By surface analysis, af- + front. Pronunciation: /əˈfɹʌnt/, /əˈfrənt/, /əˈfɹʊnt/ 1. To insult intentionally, especially openly. Labels: transitive Example: But beſides, that ſuch a thought was inconſiſtent with the gravity of a Senate, how can one imagine that the Fathers would have dared affront the Wife of Aurelius, and the Mother of Commodus, or that they could think of giving offence to an Empreſs whom they afterwards Defied, and to an Emperor that was the darling of the army and people? 2. To be an affront to; offend. Labels: transitive Example: European fear and contempt for the American Indian, Allen contends, largely came about because the sexual, economic, and political ways of the woman-centered tribes affronted their own patriarchal assumptions. 3. To meet defiantly; to confront. Labels: transitive Example: to affront death Example: Avignon was beginning to settle down for the night – that long painful stretch of time which must somehow be affronted. 4. To meet or encounter face to face. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Many Iſlands there lie all over that ſea : but one above the reſt, and moſt renowned, is Tazata : for thither all the ſhipping from out of the Caſpian ſea and the Scythian Ocean, doe bend their courſe and there arrive : for that all the ſea coaſts doe affront the Levant, and turne into the Eaſt. Example: Sweet Gertrude leaue vs too, / For we haue cloſely ſent for Hamlet hither, / That he, as ’twere by accident, may there / Affront Ophelia.
Word: affront Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English afrounten, from Old French afronter (“to hit in the face; to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontare (“to hit in the face”), from Latin ad (“to”) + frōns (“forehead”) (English front). By surface analysis, af- + front. Pronunciation: /əˈfɹʌnt/, /əˈfrənt/, /əˈfɹʊnt/ 1. An open or intentional offense, slight, or insult. Example: Such behavior is an affront to society. Example: This day, thou ſhalt haue ingots : and, to morrow, / Giue lords th’ affront. 2. A hostile encounter or meeting. Labels: obsolete
Word: xylyl Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From xyl- + -yl. 1. Any of several univalent radicals, of formula (CH₃)₂C₆H₃- derived from the three isomers of xylene: ortho-, meta- and para- (di-methyl benzene).
Word: audacity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English audacite, from Medieval Latin audācitās (whence -acity), from Latin audāx (“bold”), from audeō (“to be bold, to dare”). Pronunciation: /ɔːˈdæ.sɪ.ti/, /ɔˈdæ.sɪ.ti/, [ɔˈdæ.sɪ.ɾi], /ɑˈdæ.sɪ.ti/, [ɑˈdæ.sɪ.ɾi] 1. Insolent boldness, especially when imprudent or unconventional. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The brash private had the audacity to criticize the general. Example: Somebody never pays his loans, yet he has the audacity to ask the bank for money. 2. Fearlessness, intrepidity or daring, especially with confident disregard for personal safety, conventional thought, or other restrictions. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: unabashed Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- English abashed English unabashed From un- + abashed. Pronunciation: /ˌʌnəˈbæʃt/ 1. Not disconcerted or embarrassed. Example: For the third time Allan looked at his lawyer. And for the third time his lawyer looked back at him quite unabashed. Example: Armed with her utter faith in the goodness she must stand unabashed before the arrogance that scoffs at the power of spirit. 2. Of actions, emotions, facts, etc.: that are not concealed or disguised, or not eliciting shame. Example: [G]oodness is of a modest nature, easily discouraged, and when much privacy, elbowed in early life by unabashed vices, is apt to retire into extreme privacy, [...] Example: [...]; a balance not artfully calculated, as her tears and her falterings showed, but resulting naturally from her unabashed sincerity.
Word: collide Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin collīdō (“to clash, strike, dash, beat, or press together”), from con- (“together”) + laedō (“to strike, collide, hurt”) (whence col- (“assimilated form of com-”)). Pronunciation: /kəˈlaɪd/ 1. To impact directly, especially if violent. Labels: intransitive Example: When a body collides with another, then momentum is conserved. Example: Across this space the attraction urges them. They collide, they recoil, they oscillate. 2. To come into conflict, or be incompatible. Labels: intransitive Example: China collided with the modern world. 3. To meet; to come into contact. Labels: intransitive, poetic Example: Out of the doubts that fill my mind / I somehow find, you and I collide Example: I knew when we collided / you're the one I have decided who's one of my kind 4. To cause to collide. Labels: transitive
Word: bowler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From bowl + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbəʊ.lə/, /ˈboʊ.lɚ/ 1. One who engages in the sport of bowling. 2. The player currently bowling. 3. A player selected mainly for their bowling ability. 4. The pitcher. Labels: slang
Word: bowler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the name of the hatmakers Thomas and William Bowler, associated with early production. Pronunciation: /ˈbəʊ.lə/, /ˈboʊ.lɚ/ 1. A bowler hat; a round black hat formerly popular among British businessmen. Example: “One marble hall, with staircase complete, one butler and three flunkeys to receive a retired sojer who dares to ring the bell. D'you know, old boy, I gave my bowler to the butler, whangee to one flunkey, gloves to another, and there was the fourth poor blighter looking like an orphan at a Mothers' Meeting. …"
Word: dislodge Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English disloggen, from Old French deslogier. Compare French déloger. Equivalent to dis- + lodge. Pronunciation: /dɪsˈlɒdʒ/ 1. To remove or force out from a position or dwelling previously occupied. Labels: transitive Example: Yet I hoped by grouting at the earth below it to be able to dislodge the stone at the side; but while I was considering how best to begin, the candle flickered, the wick gave a sudden lurch to one side, and I was left in darkness. Example: Four yeas later the same committee estimated that during the Yangtze flood of 1935 some 73,000,000 mou of agricultural land were submerged and 14,000,000 people dislodged from their homes. There were no detailed reports on the actual loss of life, but Han-ch'uan county in Hupei was caught entirely unprepared and saw 220,000 of its entire population of 290,000 carried away by the waves. 2. To move or go from a dwelling or former position. Labels: intransitive Example: Where Light and Darkness in perpetual round / Lodge and dislodge by turns. 3. To force out of a secure or settled position. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: The country’s first black president, and its first president to reach adulthood after the Vietnam War and Watergate, Mr. Obama seemed like a digital-age leader who could at last dislodge the stalemate between those who clung to the government of the Great Society, on the one hand, and those who disdained the very idea of government, on the other.
Word: safe mode Part of Speech: noun 1. A troubleshooting mode of many operating systems in which most advanced functions are not activated. Labels: uncountable 2. An emergency mode of many unmanned spacecraft in which nonessential systems are shut down and the spacecraft assumes a preset attitude towards the sun while awaiting commands from ground control. Labels: uncountable
Word: nagware Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English nag Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Germanic *samþuz /*samftuz Proto-Germanic *-jaz Proto-West Germanic *-ī Proto-West Germanic *samft(ī) Old English sōfte Middle English softe English soft Proto-Germanic *warō Proto-West Germanic *waru Old English waru Middle English ware English -ware English softwarebf. English -ware English nagware From nag + -ware. 1. Software that displays a message requesting that the user register it. Labels: slang, uncountable
Word: shareware Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From share + -ware; popularized by Bob Wallace 1. A type of software that is distributed without payment but is limited in any combination of functionality, availability, or convenience. Labels: uncountable
Word: dedicate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English dedicaten (“to dedicate”), from dedicat(e) (“dedicated”, also used as the past participle of dedicaten) + -en (verb-forming suffix), from Latin dēdicātus, the perfect passive participle of dēdicō (“to dedicate, proclaim”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪt/ 1. To set apart for a deity or for religious purposes; consecrate. Labels: transitive 2. To set apart for a special use. Labels: transitive Example: dedicated their money to scientific research. 3. To commit (oneself) to a particular course of thought or action. Labels: transitive Example: dedicated ourselves to starting our own business. 4. To address or inscribe (a literary work, for example) to another as a mark of respect or affection. Labels: transitive 5. To open (a building, for example) to public use. Labels: transitive 6. To show to the public for the first time. Labels: transitive Example: dedicate a monument.
Word: dedicate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: from Middle English dedicat(e) (“dedicated”, also used as the past participle of dedicaten), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more. The nouns is derived through substantivization from Latin dēdicātus, see -ate (noun-forming suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈdɛdɪˌkɪt/ 1. Dedicated; set apart; devoted; consecrated. Labels: obsolete Example: Dedicate to nothing temporal. Example: His life is dedicate to worthiness.