nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: tram Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Early 16th century, borrowed from Scots, probably from Low German traam (“tram, shaft of a barrow”), from Middle Low German and Middle Dutch trame (“narrow shaft, beam”), said to be ultimately from a lost West Germanic (Ingvaeonic) word, probably from Proto-Germanic *drum (“splinter, fragment”), from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“peg, post, boundary”), cognate with Latin terminus. Compare Middle Low German treme; West Flemish traam, trame. The popular derivation from the surname of the English pioneer tramway builder Benjamin Outram (1764–1805) is false: the term pre-dated him. The sense of a rail vehicle derives from tram-way, in its earliest sense meaning literally a log-covered road, but later applied to the earliest wooden railways, used for transporting coal in carts which came to be called "trams". Pronunciation: /tɹæm/, /tɹam/, /tɹɛm/, /ʈɾæm/, [t̠ᶴɹɛə̯m] 1. To operate, or conduct the business of, a tramway. Labels: intransitive 2. To travel by tram. Labels: intransitive 3. To transport (material) by tram. Labels: transitive 4. To align a component in mechanical engineering or metalworking, particularly the spindle of a mill or drill press, as historically accomplished using a trammel. Labels: US, transitive Example: My invention consists of a frame suspended from another frame, on which the stone rests, and is leveled by screws from below, on which suspended frame are screws, which, being adjusted in the frame when the stone is first leveled by its face, serve afterward to level the stone at any time without removing the runner, and this lower frame serves for tramming the spindle; […]
Word: tram Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Spanish trama, or French trame (“weft”). Doublet of trama. Pronunciation: /tɹæm/, /tɹam/, /tɹɛm/, /ʈɾæm/, [t̠ᶴɹɛə̯m] 1. A silk thread formed of two or more threads twisted together, used especially for the weft, or cross threads, of the best quality of velvets and silk goods. Example: The two types of silk of greatest interest to the hand weaver are known as Organzine and Tram. Organzine is a warp silk and is made from two or more single threads twisted together in the opposite direction from the original twist. Tram is a weft silk and it is made from two or more singles lightly twisted together. Example: Analysis of the seventeenth-century damask revealed that both its warp and weft were silk filaments; the organzine warp was dyed a dark blue and the tram silk of the weft was a somewhat lighter blue.
Word: tram Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Spanish trama, or French trame (“weft”). Doublet of trama. Pronunciation: /tɹæm/, /tɹam/, /tɹɛm/, /ʈɾæm/, [t̠ᶴɹɛə̯m] 1. To weave in this manner.
Word: spew Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English spewen, from Old English spīwan, from Proto-West Germanic *spīwan, from Proto-Germanic *spīwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ptyēw- (“to spit, vomit”). Germanic cognates include English spit, West Frisian spije, Dutch spuien, Dutch spuwen, Low German speen, spiien, German speien (“to spew, spit, vomit”), Swedish spy, Danish spy, Faroese spýggja, Gothic 𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (speiwan). Also cognate, through Indo-European, with Latin spuō (“spit”, verb), Ancient Greek πτύω (ptúō, “spit, vomit”), Albanian fyt (“throat”), Armenian թուք (tʻukʻ), Russian плева́ть (plevátʹ), Persian تف (tof), Sanskrit ष्ठीवति (ṣṭhī́vati). Pronunciation: /spjuː/ 1. To eject forcibly and in a stream. Labels: transitive Example: But you get to the beach via monorail and you get to the sand and look out to the ocean and all you see is oil tankers and factories spewing smoke on the horizon. It was like some sort of futuristic dystopia. 2. To be forcibly ejected. Labels: intransitive Example: The blow is not as severe as those to his leg. It is meant only to break, not crush. Blood and internal fluids spew from his nose. 3. To speak or write quickly and voluminously, especially words that are not worth listening to or reading. Labels: transitive Example: Set such a program running and it will continue to spew out sentences until you shut it down. Example: Outside of the basic reading, writing, and math skills, and having an idea of what's out there, they were just spewing useless information. 4. To be written or spoken voluminously. Labels: intransitive Example: The lies continued to spew forth. 5. To vomit. Labels: informal, intransitive Example: Bleeding gums an' no saliva can make your partner spew. 6. To ejaculate. Labels: intransitive Example: I rise at eleven, I dine about two, I get drunk before seven, and the next thing I do; I send for my whore, when for fear of a clap, I spend in her hand, and I spew in her lap Example: Inquiring minds may be wondering what could possibly cause the rev to behave in such a fashion, thereby diverting his attention away from such a holy task. Well, the answer lies deep. Not deep within his heart, mind, or soul. But deep inside his clammy right hand, which was clutching a handful of shiny black horse hair that had been woven into the back of Daphne's unsteady head. After the rev had spewed his load in Daphne's mouth, he reached down and picked up the Holy Bible, 7. To develop a white powder or dark crystals on the surface of finished leather, as a result from improper tanning. Labels: intransitive Example: The spewing or moulding of upper leather is something that causes considerable annoyance. Example: A manufacturer writes: We have had so much trouble with colored side leather and both colored and black cabrettas spewing within the past six or eight months that we are at our wits' end to overcome it. All of the tanners from whom we buy the stock contend that this is the best indication that all the animal fats have not been extracted from the leather.
Word: crust Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cruste, from Anglo-Norman and Old French cruste, from Latin crusta (“hard outer covering”), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”), related to Old Norse hroðr (“scurf”), Old English hruse (“earth”), Old High German hrosa (“crust, ice”), Latvian kruvesis (“frozen mud”), Ancient Greek κρύος (krúos, “frost, icy cold”), κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “crystal, ice”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬎𐬰𐬛𐬭𐬀- (xruzdra-, “hard”), Sanskrit क्रूड् (krūḍ, “thicken, make hard”). Doublet of crusta. Pronunciation: /kɹʌst/, /kɹʊst/ 1. A more solid, dense or hard layer on a surface or boundary. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The external, hardened layer of certain foodstuffs, including most types of bread, fried meat, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An outer layer composed of pastry Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Th' impenetrable crust thy teeth defies. Example: They […] made the crust for the venison pasty. 4. The bread-like base of a pizza. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A slice of bread cut from the end of a loaf; the heel. Labels: Australia, Canada, Ireland, New-Zealand, Northern-US, UK, countable, uncountable 6. The outermost layer of the lithosphere of the Earth. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Holonyms: lithosphere < Earth Example: The crust (a mere 1% of the Earth's volume) is made of lighter melt products from the mantle. 7. The outermost layer of the lithosphere of any terrestrial planet. Labels: broadly, countable, uncountable Example: Holonyms: lithosphere < planet 8. The shell of crabs, lobsters, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A living. Labels: Australia, UK, countable, informal, uncountable Example: to earn one's crust Example: Like most of us, I am frequently asked by friends and people I meet in business situations or round the dinner table what I do to earn my crust. 10. Nerve, gall. Labels: informal, uncountable Example: You've got a lot of crust standing there saying that. Example: “Oh?” she said. “So you have decided to revise my guest list for me? You have the nerve, the – the –” I saw she needed helping out. “Audacity,” I said, throwing her the line. “The audacity to dictate to me who I shall have in my house.” It should have been “whom”, but I let it go. “You have the –” “Crust.” “– the immortal rind,” she amended, and I had to admit it was stronger, “to tell me whom” – she got it right that time – “I may entertain at Brinkley Court and who” – wrong again – “I may not.” 11. The head. Labels: Australia, UK, countable, dated, slang, uncountable Example: “Well, all I can say is that if yer don't take yer dial outer the road I'll bloomin' well take an' bounce a gibber off yer crust.” 12. Ellipsis of crust punk, a subgenre of punk music. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, ellipsis, uncountable
Word: crust Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English cruste, from Anglo-Norman and Old French cruste, from Latin crusta (“hard outer covering”), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”), related to Old Norse hroðr (“scurf”), Old English hruse (“earth”), Old High German hrosa (“crust, ice”), Latvian kruvesis (“frozen mud”), Ancient Greek κρύος (krúos, “frost, icy cold”), κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “crystal, ice”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬎𐬰𐬛𐬭𐬀- (xruzdra-, “hard”), Sanskrit क्रूड् (krūḍ, “thicken, make hard”). Doublet of crusta. Pronunciation: /kɹʌst/, /kɹʊst/ 1. To cover with a crust. Labels: transitive Example: The whole body is crusted over with ice. Example: Their minds are crusted over, like diamonds in the rock. 2. To form a crust. Labels: intransitive Example: , The Goblin Reign Boxed Set Thistle held her hand over the wound and pressed a wad of tree moss against it. "Don't move," she said. "Let it crust."
Word: đồng Part of Speech: noun 1. Uncommon spelling of dong (“Vietnamese currency”). Labels: alt-of, uncommon
Word: praise Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English praise, preyse, from the verb (see below). Doublet of prize. Displaced native Middle English lof from Old English lof (“praise”) and Middle English loenge, loange from Old French löenge, löange (“praise”). Pronunciation: /pɹeɪz/, /pɹɛjz/, /pɹæɪz/, /pɾez/, [pɾeːz] 1. Commendation; favourable representation in words. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The writer's latest novel received great praise in the media. Example: You deserve praise for the hard work you've done recently. 2. Worship, glorification, adoration. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: praise of God Example: Let every thing that hath breath praise the Lord.
Word: praise Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English praisen, preisen, from Old French proisier, preisier (“to value, prize”), from Late Latin pretiō (“to value, prize”) from pretium (“price, worth, reward”). Displaced native Middle English herien from Old English herian (“to praise”). Pronunciation: /pɹeɪz/, /pɹɛjz/, /pɹæɪz/, /pɾez/, [pɾeːz] 1. To give praise to; to commend, glorify, or worship. Example: Be sure to praise Bobby for his excellent work at school this week. Example: Some of the passengers were heard praising God as the stricken plane landed safely.
Word: sorrow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sorwe, sorow, sorewe, from Old English sorg, sorh (“care, anxiety, sorrow, grief”), from Proto-West Germanic *sorgu, from Proto-Germanic *surgō (compare West Frisian soarch, Dutch zorg, German Sorge, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian sorg), from Proto-Indo-European *swergʰ- (“watch over, worry; be ill, suffer”) (compare Old Irish serg (“sickness”), Tocharian B sark (“sickness”), Lithuanian sirgti (“be sick”), Sanskrit सूर्क्षति (sū́rkṣati, “worry”). Despite the similarity in form and meaning, not historically related to sorry and sore. Pronunciation: /ˈsɒɹəʊ/, /ˈsɑɹoʊ/, /ˈsɔɹoʊ/, /ˈsɔɾo/, /ˈsɔɾou/ 1. unhappiness, woe Labels: uncountable Example: But sorrow that is couch'd in seeming gladness Is like that mirth fate turns to sudden sadness. Example: The safe and general antidote against sorrow is employment. 2. (usually in plural) An instance or cause of unhappiness. Labels: countable Example: Parting is such sweet sorrow. Example: She had nursed all the children, including Sandro, to whom she was devoted, and my husband was just as fond of her. His going away to America was a great sorrow to her, and she always kept the sacred light burning on a little altar for Sandro all the time of his long absence.
Word: sorrow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sorwe, sorow, sorewe, from Old English sorg, sorh (“care, anxiety, sorrow, grief”), from Proto-West Germanic *sorgu, from Proto-Germanic *surgō (compare West Frisian soarch, Dutch zorg, German Sorge, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian sorg), from Proto-Indo-European *swergʰ- (“watch over, worry; be ill, suffer”) (compare Old Irish serg (“sickness”), Tocharian B sark (“sickness”), Lithuanian sirgti (“be sick”), Sanskrit सूर्क्षति (sū́rkṣati, “worry”). Despite the similarity in form and meaning, not historically related to sorry and sore. Pronunciation: /ˈsɒɹəʊ/, /ˈsɑɹoʊ/, /ˈsɔɹoʊ/, /ˈsɔɾo/, /ˈsɔɾou/ 1. To feel or express grief. Labels: intransitive Example: ‘Sorrow not, sir,’ says he, ‘like those without hope.’ Example: When, as sometimes happens, a lad dies from the effect of the operation, he is buried secretly in the forest, and his sorrowing mother is told that the monster has a pig's stomach as well as a human stomach, and that unfortunately her son slipped into the wrong stomach. 2. To feel grief over; to mourn, regret. Labels: transitive Example: It is impossible to make a man naturally blind, to conceive that he seeth not; impossible to make him desire to see, and sorrow his defect.
Word: happiness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kob-der. Proto-Germanic *hampą Old Norse happbor. Middle English hap Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y Middle English happy English happy Proto-Germanic *-in- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti Proto-Germanic *-ōną Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English happiness From happy + -ness. Pronunciation: /ˈhæpinɪs/, /ˈhæpinəs/ 1. The emotion of being happy; joy; elation. Labels: uncountable Example: seek happiness Example: true happiness 2. Prosperity, thriving, wellbeing. Labels: archaic, uncountable Example: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. 3. Good luck; good fortune. Labels: archaic, uncountable Example: All happineſſe bechance to thee in Millaine. 4. Fortuitous elegance; unstudied grace, used especially of language. Labels: countable, obsolete Example: Some Beauties yet, no Precepts can declare, / For there's a Happineſs as well as Care.
Word: joy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is from Middle English joye, borrowed from Old French joie, from Late Latin gaudia, neuter plural (mistaken as feminine singular) of Latin gaudium (“joy”), from gaudēre (“to be glad, rejoice”). Doublet of jo and gaudy (“Oxford college reunion”). Displaced native Old English ġefēa. The interjection is from the noun. The verb is from Middle English joyen, joȝen, joien, from Old French jöir, from the Old French noun (see above). Pronunciation: /d͡ʒɔɪ/, /d͡ʒoj/, /d͡ʒoɪ/ 1. A feeling of extreme happiness or cheerfulness, especially related to the acquisition or expectation of something good. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: a child's joy on Christmas morning Example: It is his joy to walk in the rain. 2. Anything that causes such a feeling. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the joys and demands of parenthood Example: For, ye are our glory and ioy. 3. Luck or success; a positive outcome. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Grant had no joy with taking a nap, so he began to systematically feel if everything was working: fingers and toes, etc. Example: 'Rob? It's Gary. Are you having any joy with this trip to Bali?' 'No joy at all, mate. I reckon Bali's out for the foreseeable future. […] 4. The sign or exhibition of joy; gaiety; merriment; festivity. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Such ioy made Vna, when her knight she found; Example: The roofs with joy resound.
Word: joy Part of Speech: intj Etymology: The noun is from Middle English joye, borrowed from Old French joie, from Late Latin gaudia, neuter plural (mistaken as feminine singular) of Latin gaudium (“joy”), from gaudēre (“to be glad, rejoice”). Doublet of jo and gaudy (“Oxford college reunion”). Displaced native Old English ġefēa. The interjection is from the noun. The verb is from Middle English joyen, joȝen, joien, from Old French jöir, from the Old French noun (see above). Pronunciation: /d͡ʒɔɪ/, /d͡ʒoj/, /d͡ʒoɪ/ 1. Expressing appreciation and happiness. Labels: dated, often, sarcastic Example: 'Joy! joy!' he cried, throwing his arms towards Heaven, 'on a grave be the site of our Temple; and now our happiness is for Eternity!' Example: Hanrahan closed his mouth, tried unsuccessfully to breathe through his nose, then opened his mouth again. "Oh, joy," he muttered. "This kid doesn't even go to the bathroom, I bet. Probably been taught not to. It isn't nice."
Word: joy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is from Middle English joye, borrowed from Old French joie, from Late Latin gaudia, neuter plural (mistaken as feminine singular) of Latin gaudium (“joy”), from gaudēre (“to be glad, rejoice”). Doublet of jo and gaudy (“Oxford college reunion”). Displaced native Old English ġefēa. The interjection is from the noun. The verb is from Middle English joyen, joȝen, joien, from Old French jöir, from the Old French noun (see above). Pronunciation: /d͡ʒɔɪ/, /d͡ʒoj/, /d͡ʒoɪ/ 1. To feel joy, to rejoice. Labels: intransitive Example: for oftymes or this oure lord shewed hym vnto good men and vnto good knyghtes in lykenes of an herte But I suppose from hens forth ye shalle see no more / and thenne they Ioyed moche / and dwelled ther alle that day / And vpon the morowe whan they had herde masse / they departed and commaunded the good man to god Example: I joy to see you wear around your neck the holy relic I bestowed on you;—but what Moorish charmlet is that you wear beside it? 2. To enjoy. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: I haue my wish, in that I ioy thy sight, Example: For from the time that Scudamour her bought, In perilous fight, she neuer ioyed day […]. 3. To give joy to; to congratulate. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Then round our Death-bed ev'ry Friend ſhou'd run, / And joy us of our Conqueſt, early won: […] Example: Evil like Us they shun, and covet Good; Abhor the Poison, and receive the Food. Like Us they love or hate: like Us they know, To joy the Friend, or grapple with the Foe. 4. To gladden; to make joyful; to exhilarate. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Yet neither pleasure’s art can joy my spirits, Nor yet the other’s distance comfort me.
Word: trailer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From trail + -er. The film sense derives from the fact that previews were formerly shown after the main feature, rather than before as is usual today, that is trailing after the main feature. Pronunciation: /ˈtɹeɪlə(ɹ)/, /ˈtɹeɪlɚ/ 1. Someone who or something that trails (follows behind); something that is trailing. Example: There were vehicles following me, of course, but was any of them trailing me? […] Without any warning, and without signalling with the trafficator, I took a sudden right turn, hoping to shake off my trailer. 2. Part of an object which extends some distance beyond the main body of the object. Example: the trailer of a plant 3. An unpowered wheeled vehicle (not a caravan or camper) that is towed behind another, and used to carry equipment, etc., that cannot be carried in the leading vehicle. Example: At the end of the day, we put the snowmobiles back on the trailer. Example: My trailer is a Highlander T-14 8G, one of the smallest trailers. I normally use it for carrying a pair of Sunfish sailboats that are much lighter than its 800-pound weight limit. 4. A furnished vehicle towed behind another, and used as a dwelling when stationary. Labels: US Example: We drove our trailer to Yellowstone Park. 5. A prefabricated home that could be towed to a new destination but is typically permanently left in an area designated for such homes. Labels: US Example: The young couple′s first home was in a trailer. 6. A preview of a film, video game or TV show. Labels: US Example: The trailer for that movie makes it seem like it would be fun. 7. A short blank segment of film at the end of a reel, for convenient insertion of the film in a projector. 8. The final record of a list of data items, often identified by a key field with an otherwise invalid value that sorts last alphabetically (e.g., “ZZZZZ”) or numerically (“99999”); especially common in the context of punched cards, where the final card is called a trailer card. Example: The linked list terminates with a trailer record. 9. The last part of a packet, often containing a check sequence. Example: The encapsulation layer adds an eight-byte header and a two-byte trailer to each packet.
Word: trailer Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From trail + -er. The film sense derives from the fact that previews were formerly shown after the main feature, rather than before as is usual today, that is trailing after the main feature. Pronunciation: /ˈtɹeɪlə(ɹ)/, /ˈtɹeɪlɚ/ 1. To load on a trailer or to transport by trailer. Example: The engine wouldn't run any more so we had to trailer my old car to the wrecking yard.
Word: Venus Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Middle English Venus, from Latin Venus. Pronunciation: /ˈviːnəs/, /ˈvinəs/, [ˈvinɪ̈s], [ˈvɛ.nɐs] 1. The second planet in the Solar system. Example: Near-synonyms: morning star, Phosphorus, Eosphorus, Lucifer; evening star, Vesper, Hesperus Example: Venus rises on the 1st day 1/4 to 5 a.m., and 4h. 25m. a.m. on the last day. […] She is now beginning to move northward. 2. The goddess of love, beauty, fertility, and sexuality, or a depiction thereof. Labels: Roman Example: Of all the classic Venuses known to us in modern times, this Venus of Milo is certainly the most popular. Example: To call either or both of them by the name of Venus seems to me too positive; for although the theory of love which they embody was unquestionably associated with the two Venuses in Plato, ‘one draped, the other nude’, it is important to observe that, in contradistinction to Botticelli and Mantegna, Titian endowed the figures with attributes and characters which transcend the mythological idiom. 3. A female given name. Example: A mirrored [Venus] Williams, shown from behind and in profile, wears a tennis skirt made of raffia and the Wimbledon trophy dish refashioned as a collared chestplate apropos for a warrior superhero. […] Pruitt sees “a fertile space of reflection” between his two Venuses. “My hope,” he said, “is that the duality of the portrait gives us this sense of a person looking back at themselves, considering where they came from and where they’re going.”
Word: Venus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English Venus, from Latin Venus. Pronunciation: /ˈviːnəs/, /ˈvinəs/, [ˈvinɪ̈s], [ˈvɛ.nɐs] 1. Sexual activity or intercourse; sex; lust, love. Labels: poetic, uncountable Example: Immoderate Venus in excess, as it is a cause, or in defect; so, moderately used, to some parties an only help, a present remedy. 2. Copper (a reddish-brown, malleable, ductile metallic element). Labels: obsolete, uncountable Example: CRYSTALS of Venus or of copper, called also vitriol of Venus, is copper reduced into the form of vitriol by spirit of nitre, or by dissolving verdegris in good distilled vinegar, till the acid be saturated; it is very caustic and used to eat off proud flesh. It is also used by painters, and manufacturers, and sold under the name of distilled vinegar. See CHEMISTRY. Example: Another pair of terms which caused some confusion were Spirit of Saturn and Spirit of Venus, names suggesting compounds of lead and copper respectively. Jean Beguin described the preparation from minium and distilled vinegar of a liquid he called burning spirit of Saturn, because it was inflammable and he thought it was a compound of lead. Actually the lead takes no part in the reaction and the product of distilling lead acetate is impure acetone. Beguin’s terminology did not go without comment however, for Christopher Glaser later referred to ‘A burning Spirit of Saturn (as it is called) but rather, a Spirit of the Volatile Salt of Vinegar’. Tachenius referred to the product of distillation of copper acetate as ‘pretended spirit of Venus’ because it was really only distilled vinegar - the meaning which Macquer gave to the expression. It is typical of the confusion of terminology in early chemistry that the London Pharmacopoeia of 1721 gave the name Spiritus Veneris to sulphuric acid obtained by the distillation of copper sulphate. 3. Any depiction of an idealized or erotic figure of a nude woman, especially one in a mythological setting. Labels: countable Example: Their figures are universally models for brunette Venuses, and their feet arched like rainbows, and Cinderellan in size. 4. Any Upper Palaeolithic statuette portraying a woman, usually carved in the round. Labels: countable Example: While the goddess statues obviously did function in a very public, domestic context, there is no evidence that they were androgynyous or that they were the primary cult of importance. There are probably just as many phalli in the Paleolithic as there are Venuses. Example: However, a number of well-crafted studies in recent years have forcefully questioned—and perhaps refuted—the view that the Venuses were simply or solely goddesses.
Word: via Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin via (“road”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-. Possible doublet of way. The sense in electronics is also explained as vertical interconnect access. Pronunciation: /ˈvaɪə/, /ˈviː.ə/ 1. A main road or highway, especially in ancient Rome. (Mainly used in set phrases, below.) 2. A small hole in a printed circuit board filled with metal which connects two or more layers. 3. An electrical connection which connects two or more layers on a printed circuit board or an integrated circuit.
Word: via Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Borrowed from Latin viā (“by the way (of)”), ablative singular of via (“way, road”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-. Compare typologically Polish drogą, Russian путём (putjóm). Pronunciation: /ˈvaɪə/, /ˈviː.ə/ 1. By way of; passing through. Example: They drove from New York to Los Angeles via Omaha. Example: You can enter the building via the western gate. 2. By (means of); using. Example: I'll send you the information via e-mail. Example: Under the assumptions of Proposition 5 the entropies h(τ) and H(k) are related via the following equation: […]
Word: via Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Borrowed from Latin viā (“by the way (of)”), ablative singular of via (“way, road”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-. Compare typologically Polish drogą, Russian путём (putjóm). Pronunciation: /ˈvaɪə/, /ˈviː.ə/ 1. Away! Be off! Labels: obsolete
Word: veto Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin vetō (“to forbid”). Pronunciation: /ˈviːtəʊ/, /ˈvi.toʊ/, [ˈviɾoʊ], /ˈviˌtoʊ/, [ˈviˌtʰoʊ] 1. A political right to disapprove of (and thereby stop) the process of a decision, a law etc. 2. An invocation of that right. Example: I called Haig in and told him that I wanted to veto the agricultural appropriations bill we had discussed in the Cabinet meeting on Tuesday, because I did not want Ford to have to do it on his first day as President. Haig brought the veto statement in, and I signed it. It was the last piece of legislation I acted on as President. Example: The failure on Wednesday to overturn Mr. Cooper’s veto was among the most dramatic consequences of Democratic legislative victories in North Carolina last November, which broke Republican supermajorities in both chambers and made it easier for Mr. Cooper’s vetos to survive. 3. An authoritative prohibition or negative; a forbidding; an interdiction. Example: This contemptuous veto of her husband's on any intimacy with her family. 4. A technique or mechanism for discarding what would otherwise constitute a false positive in a scientific experiment. Example: An outer detector (OD) region will act as both a passive shield for low energy backgrounds and an active veto for cosmic ray muons.
Word: veto Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin vetō (“to forbid”). Pronunciation: /ˈviːtəʊ/, /ˈvi.toʊ/, [ˈviɾoʊ], /ˈviˌtoʊ/, [ˈviˌtʰoʊ] 1. To use a veto against. Labels: transitive Example: The president vetoed the bill. Example: The railway was in fact shifted in 1937 a little to the west, over a distance of a quarter-mile, to make room for the by-pass at this point, but complete abandonment was firmly vetoed because of the proved strategic value of the line. 2. To countermand. Labels: transitive Example: Mom and Dad vetoed our menu preferences for the holiday meal.
Word: crystal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English crystal, cristal, criȝstall, representing a merger of Old English cristalla (from Latin crystallus) and Anglo-Norman cristall, Old French cristal (from Latin crystallum). The Latin is derived from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *krews- (“hard, hard outer surface, crust”). Pronunciation: /ˈkɹɪstəl/ 1. A solid composed of an array of atoms or molecules possessing long-range order and arranged in a pattern which is periodic in three dimensions. Labels: countable 2. A piece of glimmering, shining mineral resembling ice or glass. Labels: countable 3. A fine type of glassware, or the material used to make it. Labels: uncountable 4. Crystal meth; methamphetamine hydrochloride. Labels: slang, uncountable Example: He tells me he's been shooting crystal, which I already pretty much know because he does not bother to keep his sleeves rolled down over the needle tracks. 5. A person's eye. Labels: countable, figuratively, obsolete, plural-normally, uncountable Example: Come, let's away. My loue, giue me thy Lippes: Looke to my Chattels, and my Moueables: [...] Goe, cleare they Chryſtalls. Yokefellowes in Armes, let vs to France 6. The glass over the dial of a watch case. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: crystal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English crystal, cristal, criȝstall, representing a merger of Old English cristalla (from Latin crystallus) and Anglo-Norman cristall, Old French cristal (from Latin crystallum). The Latin is derived from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *krews- (“hard, hard outer surface, crust”). Pronunciation: /ˈkɹɪstəl/ 1. Made of crystal. Labels: literally, not-comparable Example: Its ceiling was crystal, around on the wall / Thickly studded were rubies and diamonds rare; / But purer than crystal, and brighter than all / Of the jewels adorning her glittering hall, / Was the mermaiden languishing there. Example: The walls were crystal, and they seemed to have hundreds of different-colored lights shifting behind them. 2. Very clear; coherent. Labels: figuratively, not-comparable Example: "Do I make myself clear?" / "Crystal." Example: […] the more faire and chriſtall is the skie, The vglier ſeeme the cloudes that in it flye: […]
Word: diamond Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)? Proto-Indo-European *demh₂-der. Ancient Greek δαμνάω (damnáō)? Ancient Greek ἀδάμας (adámas)der. Latin adamāsder. Late Latin diamās Old French diamantbor. Middle English dyamaunt English diamond From Middle English dyamaunt, from Old French diamant, from Late Latin diamās, from Latin adamās, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμᾱς (adámās, “diamond”). Doublet of adamant. The printing sense is a calque of Dutch diamant, used by Dirck Voskens who first cut it around 1700; compare pearl, ruby (“size of type between pearl and nonpareil”). Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ.ə.mənd/, /ˈdaɪ.mənd/ 1. A glimmering glass-like mineral that is an allotrope of carbon in which each atom is surrounded by four others in the form of a tetrahedron. Labels: uncountable Example: The saw is coated with diamond. Example: synthetic diamond 2. A gemstone made from this mineral. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The dozen loose diamonds sparkled in the light. Example: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade. 3. A diamond ring. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: What a beautiful engagement diamond. 4. A very pale blue color. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Sable, when blazoning by precious stones. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Elphingston. Pearl a Chevron Diamond between three Boars Heads Eraz'd Ruby, arm'd of the first. / Eymouth. Diamond a Lyon Rampant Pearl, on a Canton of the 2d, a Cross Ruby. Example: The Field is Ruby, on a Bend Topaz, three Martlets Diamond. The Armes of the most Noble and Puissant Lord, Edward Brabazon, Earl of Meath, and Baron of Atherdee in the Kingdom of Ireland. His Lordship's Atchievements are Quarterly of sixteen Coats. 1. Brabazon, as above. 2. Diamond, on a Chevron between three Pickaxes Pearl, as many Mullets Ruby, by the Name of Mosley. 3. Saphire, ten Bezants, 4, 3, 2, 1, by the Bisset. 6. Something that resembles a diamond. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A rhombus, especially when oriented so that its longer axis is vertical. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: An adder writhes out of the bush, I can see the diamonds on its back; it shrithes across the sandy soil, and bites the right foot of one of the knights. 8. A polyiamond consisting of two triangles. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. The entire field of play used in the game. Labels: countable, uncountable 10. The infield of a baseball field. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The teams met on the diamond. 11. A card of the diamonds suit. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I have only one diamond in my hand. 12. A town square. Labels: Pennsylvania, Western, countable, uncountable 13. The size of type between brilliant and pearl, standardized as 4+¹⁄₂-point. Labels: countable, dated, uncountable
Word: diamond Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)? Proto-Indo-European *demh₂-der. Ancient Greek δαμνάω (damnáō)? Ancient Greek ἀδάμας (adámas)der. Latin adamāsder. Late Latin diamās Old French diamantbor. Middle English dyamaunt English diamond From Middle English dyamaunt, from Old French diamant, from Late Latin diamās, from Latin adamās, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμᾱς (adámās, “diamond”). Doublet of adamant. The printing sense is a calque of Dutch diamant, used by Dirck Voskens who first cut it around 1700; compare pearl, ruby (“size of type between pearl and nonpareil”). Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ.ə.mənd/, /ˈdaɪ.mənd/ 1. Made of, or containing diamond, a diamond or diamonds. Labels: not-comparable Example: He gave her diamond earrings. Example: But in the diamond jubilee state coach – this one comes with both suspension and air conditioning – the queen’s hands were folded calmly in her lap. 2. Of, relating to, or being a sixtieth anniversary. Labels: not-comparable Example: Today is their diamond wedding anniversary. 3. Of, relating to, or being a seventy-fifth anniversary. Labels: not-comparable Example: Today is their diamond wedding anniversary. 4. First-rate; excellent. Labels: not-comparable, slang Example: He's a diamond geezer.
Word: diamond Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)? Proto-Indo-European *demh₂-der. Ancient Greek δαμνάω (damnáō)? Ancient Greek ἀδάμας (adámas)der. Latin adamāsder. Late Latin diamās Old French diamantbor. Middle English dyamaunt English diamond From Middle English dyamaunt, from Old French diamant, from Late Latin diamās, from Latin adamās, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμᾱς (adámās, “diamond”). Doublet of adamant. The printing sense is a calque of Dutch diamant, used by Dirck Voskens who first cut it around 1700; compare pearl, ruby (“size of type between pearl and nonpareil”). Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ.ə.mənd/, /ˈdaɪ.mənd/ 1. To adorn with or as if with diamonds.
Word: sunrise Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sonne-rys, sunne ryse, equivalent to sun + rise. Compare Middle English son risyng, sunne rijsyng, sonne-rysing (“sunrise”, literally “sun rising”). Pronunciation: /ˈsʌnɹaɪz/ 1. The time of day when the sun appears above the eastern horizon. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I'll meet you at the docks at sunrise. 2. The change in color of the sky at dawn. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Did you see the beautiful sunrise this morning? 3. Any great awakening. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: It was the sunrise of her spirit. Example: Her face shone for a moment with new and unearthly splendour, her eyes lighted up with a very sunrise of joy.
Word: sunrise Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sonne-rys, sunne ryse, equivalent to sun + rise. Compare Middle English son risyng, sunne rijsyng, sonne-rysing (“sunrise”, literally “sun rising”). Pronunciation: /ˈsʌnɹaɪz/ 1. To phase in. Labels: transitive, uncommon Example: In the first type (upper left quadrant), alternative industrial movements (AIMs) focus on the sunrising of new technologies. 2. To awake. Labels: idiomatic, intransitive, rare Example: As I "sunrised" and breakfasted, I saw the party of men and women that had come to Horse Camp with the pack-train filing up the long slope below. 3. To cheer up, brighten, or illuminate. Labels: idiomatic, rare, transitive Example: "That would be nice of you." She sunrised him again with her smile.
Word: sunup Part of Speech: noun Etymology: sun + up Pronunciation: /ˈsʌnʌp/ 1. The time of day when the sun appears above the eastern horizon. Labels: US, countable, uncountable Example: “Shagbark, that was risky on your part; even where it lies it is much closer than I like, for we shall all have to see it in the morning.” “No, you won’t; it’ll be gone afore sunup.” 2. The change in color of the sky at sunup. Labels: US, countable, uncountable
Word: predawn Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Indo-European *preh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i? Proto-Italic *prai Proto-Italic *prai- Latin prae-lbor. Middle English pre- English pre- English dawn English predawn From pre- + dawn. 1. The period immediately preceding dawn. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: predawn Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Indo-European *preh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i? Proto-Italic *prai Proto-Italic *prai- Latin prae-lbor. Middle English pre- English pre- English dawn English predawn From pre- + dawn. 1. Before dawn. Labels: not-comparable Example: A thick layer of mist, gray and ghostly in the predawn glow, emanated from the water, as if witchfire burned upon the surface of the liquid. Example: Sparks erupted from the bottom of a FedEx cargo jet as it made a predawn emergency landing Wednesday at Los Angeles International Airport, officials said.
Word: widespread Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From wide + spread. Pronunciation: /ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/, /ˈwaɪdˌspɹɛd/ 1. Affecting, or found throughout, a large area (e.g. the entire land or body); broad in extent; widely diffused. Example: widespread belief Example: widespread criticism 2. Spread far apart. Labels: uncommon Example: Women with knee-length silk stockings, sitting with widespread legs on sunwashed green benches
Word: collapse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin collāpsus (past participle of collābor). Pronunciation: /kəˈlæps/, /klæps/, /kəˈlɛps/, /kɵˈlæps/ 1. To break apart and fall down suddenly; to cave in. Labels: intransitive Example: A balloon collapses when the gas escapes from it. 2. To cease to function due to a sudden breakdown; to fail suddenly and completely. Labels: intransitive Example: Pyramid schemes tend to generate profits for a while and then collapse. Example: However much we like to think of ourselves as something special in world history, in fact industrial societies are subject to the same principles that caused earlier societies to collapse. 3. To fold compactly. Labels: intransitive 4. To conflate, to ignore the distinctions between. Labels: figuratively, transitive 5. In a hierarchical list (such as a directory tree or table of contents), to hide the subentries of (an entry). Labels: transitive 6. To suffer a batting collapse. Labels: intransitive Example: Immediately after his wicket the team collapsed for 69. 7. To cause something to collapse. Labels: transitive Example: Hurry up and collapse the tent so we can get moving. Example: Thomas added: "We presented our experiences of frantically trying to collapse a pram, surrounded by loads of grumpy commuters. 8. To pass out and fall to the floor or ground, as from exhaustion or other illness; to faint. Labels: intransitive Example: The exhausted singer collapsed on stage and had to be taken to the hospital.
Word: collapse Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin collāpsus (past participle of collābor). Pronunciation: /kəˈlæps/, /klæps/, /kəˈlɛps/, /kɵˈlæps/ 1. The act of collapsing. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: She suffered a terrible collapse after slipping on the wet floor. Example: in a state of nervous collapse 2. Constant function, one-valued function (in automata theory) (in particular application causing a reset). Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Ellipsis of batting collapse. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, ellipsis, uncountable
Word: envelope Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *h₁én From French enveloppe. The engineering sense is derived from flight envelope. The verb is from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈɛnvə(ˌ)ləʊp/, /ˈɒnvə(ˌ)ləʊp/, /ˈɒnvləʊp/, /ˈɑ̃və(ˌ)ləʊp/, /ˈɛnvə(ˌ)loʊp/ 1. A paper or cardboard wrapper used to enclose small, flat items, especially letters, for mailing. Example: Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet. 2. Something that envelops; a wrapping. 3. A bag containing the lifting gas of a balloon or airship; fabric that encloses the gas-bags of an airship. Example: They have no internal or external support structure, being simply a fabric bag (or envelope) filled with a lighter than air gas. Inside the envelope are one or more "ballonets", or smaller bags, which help maintain the envelope's shape. 4. A mathematical curve, surface, or higher-dimensional object that is the tangent to a given family of lines, curves, surfaces, or higher-dimensional objects. 5. A curve that bounds another curve or set of curves, as the modulation envelope of an amplitude-modulated carrier wave in electronics. 6. The shape of a sound, which may be controlled by a synthesizer or sampler. 7. The information used for routing a message that is transmitted with the message but not part of its contents. 8. An enclosing structure or cover, such as a membrane; a space between two membranes 9. The set of limitations within which a technological system can perform safely and effectively. Example: push the envelope Example: Few of the lads had ever been in combat and they knew little about the critical tolerances of fighter aircraft during violent maneuvers. They knew where the outside of the envelope was, but they didn't know about the part where you reached the outside and then stretched her a little . . . 10. The nebulous covering of the head or nucleus of a comet; a coma. 11. An earthwork in the form of a single parapet or a small rampart, sometimes raised in the ditch and sometimes beyond it. Example: make a blind all along the bottom of the ditch of the Envelope
Word: envelope Part of Speech: verb Etymology: PIE word *h₁én From French enveloppe. The engineering sense is derived from flight envelope. The verb is from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈɛnvə(ˌ)ləʊp/, /ˈɒnvə(ˌ)ləʊp/, /ˈɒnvləʊp/, /ˈɑ̃və(ˌ)ləʊp/, /ˈɛnvə(ˌ)loʊp/ 1. To put (something) in an envelope. Labels: rare, transitive Example: Arthur Armytage drew the precious document from his bureau; and without trusting himself to a re-perusal, enveloped and re-enveloped—sealed and resealed it;—mounted his horse, and rode off to Greta Castle. Example: This business of returning letters to the writers gives occupation to about sixty lady clerks in the “Return-Letter Department,” in the gallery up-stairs. To them belong the duties of reënveloping the letters in the well-known, yellow, dead-letter envelope, by which, under an act of Congress approved June 12, 1866, these are returned to the writers free of charge.
Word: envelope Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See envelop. Pronunciation: /ɛnˈvɛləp/ 1. Archaic form of envelop. Labels: alt-of, archaic Example: Again, if the plane of the impressed couple intersects the mean plane between N and C, it will envelope the cone whose focals are ON, ON′, and whose internal axis is therefore OA.
Word: tarsand Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈtɑː(ɹ)sænd/ 1. Land with sand containing tar.
Word: symphonia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ (sŭmphōnĭ́ā). Doublet of sinfonia, symphony, tsampouna, and zampogna. By surface analysis, sym- + -phonia. 1. Concord in Ancient Greek music. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The bagpipe. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 3. The virginal. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: lyra Part of Speech: noun Etymology: So called from the arrangement of the lines with which it is marked in the human brain. 1. The middle portion of the ventral surface of the fornix of the brain. Labels: dated Example: The vessels of the brain generally are often distended and gorged with blood, the lyra especially being fully injected.
Word: lyra Part of Speech: noun 1. A vertically suspended hoop used in acrobatic performances.
Word: lyra Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek λῠ́ρᾱ (lŭ́rā) or Modern Greek λύρα (lýra). Doublet of lira, Lyra, and lyre. 1. A bowed string musical instrument used in the Byzantine Empire. Example: A Persian scholar of the early tenth century, lbn Khurradadhbih, reported the lyra to be in widespread use throughout the empire, along with organs and bagpipes. Example: The Cretan lyra is considered to be the most popular surviving form of the medieval Byzantine lyra, an ancestor of most European bowed instruments. 2. A bowed instrument used in folk music in Crete, Greece. Example: According to the Greek musicologist Fivos Anoyanakis, the piriform lyras of Crete have, at various times throughout history, been produced in different sizes and styles. Example: Immediately after the ceremony, the wedding procession, accompanied by the lyra, lute (laouto) and songs, returns to the groom’s house[…]
Word: hydra Part of Speech: noun Etymology: After the Hydra, from Greek mythology, which grew two new heads every time one of its heads was cut off. The biology sense alludes to the budding method of asexual reproduction that the hydra practices, similar to growing new heads. The figurative sense refers to how the creature could not be killed by a swift, decisive solution (in contrast to a Gordian knot). Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪdɹə/ 1. A dragon-like creature with many heads and the ability to regrow them when maimed. 2. Any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera, having a naked cylindrical body and an oral opening surrounded by tentacles. 3. A complex, multifarious problem or situation that cannot be easily and rapidly solved. Labels: figuratively Example: Because the statute is so vaguely worded, award decisions are habitually based on case law, the growing mountain of which is a hydra of rulings that point in so many directions that almost any decision can be defended or overturned on appeal, depending on how smart your lawyer is and which precedent he selects to argue your case.