nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: pruritus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin prūrītus (“an itch, an itching”), from prūriō (“to itch”). Pronunciation: /pɹuːˈɹaɪtəs/ 1. Itching; especially, severe itching of undamaged skin; caused by allergy, infection, lymphoma, etc. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: 2018, AbbVie, "FDA Grants AbbVie's Upadacitinib Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Atopic Dermatitis", Drug Discovery & Development Atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by skin erosion, oozing and crusting, redness, intense itching (pruritus) and dry skin.
Word: laptop computer Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈˈlaptɒpˌkəmˈpjuːtə/ 1. A portable computer that is small enough and light enough to be used on one's lap, but large enough to have an integrated keyboard.
Word: floppy drive Part of Speech: noun 1. A computer hardware device used for reading and writing on removable floppy disks, such as 3+¹⁄₂″, 5+¹⁄₄″ or 8″ diskettes.
Word: CLEC Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of competitive local exchange carrier. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: ILEC Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of incumbent local exchange carrier. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: Tues Part of Speech: noun 1. Abbreviation of Tuesday. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of
Word: Wed. Part of Speech: noun 1. Abbreviation of Wednesday. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of
Word: Thurs Part of Speech: noun 1. Abbreviation of Thursday. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of
Word: unintentional Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- English intentional English unintentional From un- + intentional. Pronunciation: /ˌʌnɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/, [ˌʌnɪnˈtʰɛnʃənɫ̩], /ˌɐnɪnˈtenʃənəl/, [ˌɐnɪnˈtʰɛnʃənɫ̩] 1. Not intended or deliberate; inadvertent; unwitting. Example: Review of systems was positive for unintentional weight gain of 13.5 kilograms in the last eight months, excessive fatigue, fever, difficulty focusing, one episode of painful oral ulcer on the roof of her mouth, change in the hair texture with nonscarring alopecia, shortness of breath with exertion, and constipation.
Word: ref. Part of Speech: noun 1. Abbreviation of reference. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of
Word: race to the bottom Part of Speech: noun 1. A situation in which competition between governments leads to very excessive (harmful) deregulation. 2. A situation in which competition between entities leads to elimination of perks or amenities, often in the interest of cutting costs. 3. Any situation in which multiple parties are seemingly competing to achieve the greatest level of mediocrity.
Word: hemorrhaging Part of Speech: verb 1. present participle and gerund of hemorrhage Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: hemorrhaging Part of Speech: noun 1. bleeding
Word: oz. Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of oz. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: mattoid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Italian matto (“insane”) + -oid (“likeness or resemblance”), from Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form”) more First appeared in English in 1891 through a translation of the nineteenth-century Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso's work, Man of Genius. H G Wells used it in several of his books, most notably in Mankind in the Making of 1903, in which he derides the theories of Lombroso and the Victorian phrenologists: “Among such theorists none at present are in quite such urgent need of polemical suppression as those who would persuade the heedless general reader that every social failure is necessarily a ‘degenerate’, and who claim boldly that they can trace a distinctly evil and mischievous strain in that unfortunate miscellany which constitutes ‘the criminal class’... These mattoid scientists make a direct and disastrous attack upon the latent self-respect of criminals.” 1. Displaying erratic behaviour
Word: mattoid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Italian matto (“insane”) + -oid (“likeness or resemblance”), from Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form”) more First appeared in English in 1891 through a translation of the nineteenth-century Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso's work, Man of Genius. H G Wells used it in several of his books, most notably in Mankind in the Making of 1903, in which he derides the theories of Lombroso and the Victorian phrenologists: “Among such theorists none at present are in quite such urgent need of polemical suppression as those who would persuade the heedless general reader that every social failure is necessarily a ‘degenerate’, and who claim boldly that they can trace a distinctly evil and mischievous strain in that unfortunate miscellany which constitutes ‘the criminal class’... These mattoid scientists make a direct and disastrous attack upon the latent self-respect of criminals.” 1. A person who displays such behaviour; a person of congenitally abnormal mind bordering on insanity or degeneracy.
Word: iMac Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First appears in 1998, from i- (“internet”) + Mac (“Macintosh”). 1. One of a line of all-in-one Macintosh computers made by Apple Inc. Example: When you deal with iPhones and iPads (and the iCloud, iMacs, iTVs, iPods, and all those other iThingies), you're living in a walled garden. Apple controls it from the beginning to end. Example: her face bathed in the blue light of her hypnotically addictive 24-inch iMac
Word: eMac Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin ēducātiōder. English education Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English educational English e- English Mac English eMac From e- (“educational”) + Mac (“Macintosh”). 1. A computer of a line of low-end computers made by Apple Inc.
Word: blogette Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁-? Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós Proto-Germanic *weraz Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi Proto-Germanic *alaną Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Germanic *-þiz Proto-Germanic *aldiz Proto-Germanic *weraldiz Proto-West Germanic *weraldi Old English weorold Middle English world English world Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *dwi- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-der. Proto-Germanic *wīdaz Old English wīd English wide English -wide English worldwide Proto-Indo-European *webʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *webaną Proto-Germanic *wabją Old English webb Middle English web English web English World Wide Web English Web Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *légʰyeti Proto-Germanic *ligjaną Old Norse liggjader.? Middle English logge English log Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵosder.? Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-der.? Proto-Germanic *bōks Proto-West Germanic *bōk Old English bōc Middle English bok English book English logbook English log English weblog English blog English -ette English blogette From blog + -ette. 1. A small blog Labels: rare
Word: biopharming Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of prefix bio-, farming, and pharmacy. Pronunciation: /baɪoʊfɑː(ɹ)mɪŋ/ 1. The field of growing (usually genetically) altered plants for medicinal uses. Labels: uncountable
Word: taser Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Aramaic תאמא Aramaic תאומאbor. Ancient Greek Θωμᾶς (Thōmâs)bor. Latin Thōmāsbor. Middle English Thomas Middle English Thomme English Tom Proto-Indo-European *ksweybʰ-der. Proto-Indo-European *kswéybʰ-e-ti Proto-Germanic *swībaną Old English swīfan Old English swift Middle English swift English swiftder. English Swift Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron)bor. Latin ēlectrum Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icus New Latin ēlectricusbor. English electric Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- Proto-Germanic *rīfaną Proto-Germanic *-lōną Proto-Germanic *rīfilōną Proto-West Germanic *rīfilōn Frankish *rīffilōnbor. Old French riflerbor. Middle English riflen English rifle English TSER English Taser English taser Acronym of the science fiction story Tom Swift and His Electric Rifle. Coined in the early 1970s by the inventor Jack Cover originally as TSER, to which he later added the letter A to ease pronunciation. Genericization of the trademark Taser. Pronunciation: /ˈteɪ.zə(ɹ)/, /ˈteɪ.zɚ/ 1. A Taser, a handheld device made by Taser International intended to immobilize another by delivering an electric shock. 2. Any electroshock stun gun. Labels: broadly
Word: taser Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Aramaic תאמא Aramaic תאומאbor. Ancient Greek Θωμᾶς (Thōmâs)bor. Latin Thōmāsbor. Middle English Thomas Middle English Thomme English Tom Proto-Indo-European *ksweybʰ-der. Proto-Indo-European *kswéybʰ-e-ti Proto-Germanic *swībaną Old English swīfan Old English swift Middle English swift English swiftder. English Swift Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron)bor. Latin ēlectrum Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icus New Latin ēlectricusbor. English electric Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- Proto-Germanic *rīfaną Proto-Germanic *-lōną Proto-Germanic *rīfilōną Proto-West Germanic *rīfilōn Frankish *rīffilōnbor. Old French riflerbor. Middle English riflen English rifle English TSER English Taser English taser Acronym of the science fiction story Tom Swift and His Electric Rifle. Coined in the early 1970s by the inventor Jack Cover originally as TSER, to which he later added the letter A to ease pronunciation. Genericization of the trademark Taser. Pronunciation: /ˈteɪ.zə(ɹ)/, /ˈteɪ.zɚ/ 1. To shock a person, thing, individual, or animal with a handheld device with the electric shock that it delivers; to stun with a stun gun. 2. To strike verbally or gesturally with ill intents. Labels: figuratively Example: As I spoke too loudly during the solemn church service, my husband shot me a glance that emotionally tasered me to the point of silence until we returned home 2 hours later.
Word: spring onion Part of Speech: noun 1. A species of onion (Allium fistulosum) with slender bulbs; originally Asian, now worldwide. 2. Any of several types of onion that look similar, including the young plants from varieties whose bulbs would eventually grow large if they were harvested later.
Word: Welsh onion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From welsh (in the sense of “foreign”) + onion; capitalization is by conflation with Welsh (as in pertaining to Wales), in turn derived from the same sense of welsh (as in foreign). 1. Any of species Allium fistulosum of onions, probably native to eastern Asia, widely cultivated.
Word: Japanese bunching onion Part of Speech: noun 1. Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum)
Word: shallot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French échalote, from Middle French eschalote, alteration of Old French eschaloigne, from Medieval Latin escalonia, from Latin ascalonia (cēpa) (“onion of Ashkelon”). Doublet of scallion. Pronunciation: /ˈʃælət/, /ʃəˈlɑt/, /ʃəˈlɒt/ 1. Any vegetable of certain species in the onion family. 2. Any vegetable of certain species in the onion family. 3. Any small onion. 4. A scallion. Labels: Australia
Word: FEC Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of foreign exchange certificate. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism 2. Initialism of forward error correction. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism, uncountable
Word: FEC Part of Speech: name 1. Initialism of Fellowship of Evangelical Churches. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism 2. Initialism of Federal Election Commission. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism Example: If the allegations highlighted in the complaint were to be proved, either to the FEC or in court, it would strike another political blow against a campaign and presidency that has been beset by ethics violations and accusations of corruption at its highest levels.
Word: FRC Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Abbreviation. 1. Initialism of functional residual capacity. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable Example: General anesthesia may decrease the functional residual capacity (FRC) for up to 1 to 2 weeks postoperatively. 2. Initialism of family resource center. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism 3. Initialism of fast response craft Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 4. Initialism of fast response cutter Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 5. Initialism of fibre/fiber reinforced composite. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 6. Initialism of fibre/fiber reinforced concrete. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 7. Initialism of fibre/fiber reinforced cement. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 8. Abbreviation of fibre/fiber reinforced cement based composite. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, uncountable
Word: FRC Part of Speech: name Etymology: Abbreviation. 1. Initialism of Family Research Council. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism Example: As he lay on the ground, Corkins said something to the effect, “‘It’s not about you.’ It’s about the FRC and its policies,” according to the prosecution account. 2. Initialism of FIRST Robotics Competition. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: NGA Part of Speech: name 1. Initialism of National Governors Association. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism 2. Initialism of National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism 3. Initialism of National Graphical Association. Labels: UK, abbreviation, alt-of, historical, initialism
Word: BRAC Part of Speech: name 1. Acronym of Base Realignment and Closure Commission. Labels: US, abbreviation, acronym, alt-of
Word: USC Part of Speech: name 1. Initialism of United States Code. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism 2. Initialism of University of Southern California. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism Example: “Over the past several days, discussion relating to the selection of our valedictorian has taken on an alarming tenor,” USC Provost Andrew Guzman said in an online campus-wide letter dated April 15. “The intensity of feelings, fueled by both social media and the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, has grown to include many voices outside of USC and has escalated to the point of creating substantial risks relating to security and disruption at commencement.” 3. Initialism of University of South Carolina. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism 4. Initialism of United States customary [units, system]. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: VARO Part of Speech: noun 1. Acronym of Veterans' Affairs Regional Office. Labels: US, abbreviation, acronym, alt-of
Word: shrivel Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First recorded as shriveled (“shrivelled”), probably of North Germanic origin related to dialectal Swedish skryvla (“to wrinkle, shrivel”); perhaps ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną (“to shrivel, shrink”) or *skrimpaną (“to shrink”). Pronunciation: /ˈʃɹɪvəl/ 1. To collapse inward; to crumble. Labels: intransitive Example: The plant shrivelled from lack of water. Example: This Upside Down economy was the product, Hansen said, of a shriveling population, the closing of the frontier and the maturing of industries. 2. To become wrinkled. Labels: intransitive Example: His fingers were shriveled from being in the bath for too long. 3. To draw into wrinkles. Labels: transitive Example: The hot sun shrivelled the leaves.
Word: repugnance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English repugnance, repugnaunce, from Old French repugnance, repugnaunce (French répugnance) and its etymon Latin repugnantia. Doublet of repugnancy. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈpʌɡnəns/ 1. Extreme aversion, repulsion. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: moral repugnance Example: sense of repugnance 2. Contradiction, inconsistency, incompatibility, incongruity; an instance of such. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: [T]o make a falſe poſition paſſe for true, and to perſwade the belief thereof, there cannot be any thing produced but fallacies, Sophiſms, Paralogiſmes, Equivocations, and Diſcourſes vain, inconſiſtant, and full of repugnances and contradictions.
Word: per pro Part of Speech: prep 1. per procurationem; by the agency of (used when signing a letter in place of someone else)
Word: totem pole Part of Speech: noun 1. A Native American sculpture found in the Pacific Northwest, made by carving trees, and usually displaying symbolic figures that represent clan lineage, cultural beliefs, or historical events. Example: Many visitors to France will go back to the States after a three months' fling of night spots and sight-seeing without remarking that can-can girls and champagne play about the same part in French life today as the tom-tom and totem pole in American life. 2. A hierarchy or ranking of importance. Labels: figuratively Example: The teacher's pet was fairly high on the class totem pole.
Word: interrogatory Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Late Latin; equivalent to interrogate + -ory (“pertaining to”), or more distantly inter- + rogatory. Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəˈɹɑɡəˌtɔɹi/, /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətəɹi/, /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətɹi/ 1. A formal question or set of questions submitted to opposing party to answer, generally governed by court rule. Example: Sidney interposed with an interrogatory concerning the legality of the evidence Example: Kimberling, on the advice of his lawyer Frank Kameny, refused to answer several questions put to him on the 16-question interrogatory. After strong objections, the questions in question were withdrawn. 2. A question; an interrogation. Example: But when he found that some of his interrogatories were evaded, and others answered undecisively, the look of gentleness which he had assumed, vanished, and his brow wore the cloud of disappointment and of anger.
Word: interrogatory Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Late Latin; equivalent to interrogate + -ory (“pertaining to”), or more distantly inter- + rogatory. Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəˈɹɑɡəˌtɔɹi/, /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətəɹi/, /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətɹi/ 1. Serving to interrogate; questioning. Example: an interrogatory glance Example: The interrogatory stare of the cardinal is enough to bring a man to his knees.
Word: no contest Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Calque of Latin nolō contendere (“I don't want to contest”). 1. A type of plea in a criminal proceeding where the defendant neither admits nor denies guilt but consents to the imposition of punishment as if guilty. Labels: US, countable, uncountable 2. A clause in a will that imposes a penalty of forfeiture against any beneficiary who challenges the will. Labels: US, countable, uncountable Example: No contest clauses are valid in California and are favored by the public policies of discouraging litigation and giving effect to the settlor's expressed purposes. 3. The result of a boxing bout, promoted as an exhibition when the sport of boxing was illegal, when a knockout did not occur. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable 4. A bout that the referee cancels early, either due to a serious injury early in the fight or due to a lack of action Labels: countable, uncountable 5. An election in which the candidate runs unopposed. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In four wards there were no contests.
Word: no contest Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Calque of Latin nolō contendere (“I don't want to contest”). 1. Used to indicate that a competition or comparison is one-sided and so its outcome is too obvious to be interesting. Labels: informal 2. Expresses certainty in a choice between options or preferences. Labels: emphatic, informal Example: I'll take a Porsche, no contest!
Word: no contest Part of Speech: phrase Etymology: Calque of Latin nolō contendere (“I don't want to contest”). 1. Indicates the perceived lack of any real competition because the “winner” or superior choice is obvious. Labels: informal Example: To all the things DVD does better than the videocassette, add the boxed set. In looks alone there is no contest.
Word: persona non grata Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin persōna (“person”) + nōn (“not”) + grāta (from grātus (“acceptable”)). Pronunciation: /pə(ɹ)ˈsəʊnə nɒn ˈɡɹɑːtə/ 1. A person who is not welcome, especially a diplomat in a foreign country. Example: "Calls to set down only" sounds more exciting. What station or train staff has the specific duty of repelling would-be boarders? Are the occupants of the train of such exalted main-line status that suburban interlopers are personae non gratae?
Word: spousal support Part of Speech: noun 1. Alimony. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: Uranian Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin Ūrania (“muse of astronomy in Greek mythology”) + -an (suffix forming agent nouns). Ūrania is derived from Ancient Greek Οὐρᾰνῐ́ᾱ (Ourănĭ́ā, “muse of astronomy”), from οὐράνιος (ouránios, “of or relating to the sky, celestial, heavenly”) (from οὐρανός (ouranós, “the sky; heaven, home of the gods; the universe”), probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers- (“rain”)) + -ιος (-ios, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘pertaining to’). The alternative form Ouranian is derived from Ancient Greek οὐράνιος (ouránios). Adjective sense 2 (“homosexual”) and the noun sense (“a homosexual”) refer to Plato’s work Symposium (c. 385–370 B.C.E.), where the goddess Aphrodite, in her heavenly aspect Aphrodite Urania (see adjective sense 3) is described as inspiring a noble form of affection between older and younger men. Compare German Urning (“a homosexual, Uranian”), Urnigtum (“homosexuality”), also referring to Aphrodite Urania, coined by the German writer Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1825–1895) in 1864. By the 1900s, the use of the word in this sense had largely been supplanted by homosexual (see further at that entry). The term is no longer mainstream and is almost never used in modern contexts, though it has enjoyed a slight revival as a term for "gay man" as an analogue to lesbian. Pronunciation: /jʊˈɹeɪnɪən/, /jʊˈɹeɪniən/ 1. A male homosexual; also, a pederast; a man engaged in an erotic relationship with an adolescent boy. Labels: archaic, literary Example: Doubtless music is pre-eminently the Uranian’s art. His emotional nature goes out to it and in it, as in no other. Example: [Edward] Carpenter saw the Uranian (homosexual) spirit to be more enlightened than that of the common man and believed that Uranians were the new prophets of the coming social revolution.
Word: Uranian Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Uranus + -ian. Pronunciation: /jʊˈɹeɪnɪən/, /jʊˈɹeɪniən/ 1. Of or pertaining to the planet Uranus. Labels: not-comparable Example: The Uranian year is equal to 84 terrestrial years, or 30687 terrestrial days; and the Uranian day, according to the probable estimate, being shorter than the terrestrial day in the ratio of 1 to 2⁵²⁶⁄₁₀₀₀, it follows that the Uranian year consists of 77336 Uranian days. Example: The inclination of the plane of Uranus's equator to the path in which he travels being about 76°, it follows that the Uranian sun has a range of about 76° on either side of the celestial equator, during the long Uranian year.
Word: Uranian Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Uranus + -ian. Pronunciation: /jʊˈɹeɪnɪən/, /jʊˈɹeɪniən/ 1. An inhabitant of the planet Uranus. Example: [T]he fury of a fiery hot-brained Marsian, may kindle immediate and incessant wrangling and feuds; whilst a quiet placid Uranian, in his turn, may yet at times be excessively annoyed, ay, worried and tormented, by the tardiness, listlessness and inactivity of his dronish companion. Example: And obviously, since the year of the Uranians lasts 84 of our years, the continuance of the sun above the horizon would last for many years. [...] And as with the summer day, so with the winter night, years elapse before either comes to an end. For upwards of 20 years, in a latitude corresponding to that of London, the Uranians—if there are any—never see the small Uranian sun.
Word: stagnant Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French stagnant, from Latin stagnans, present participle of stagno (“to form a pool of standing water”). Pronunciation: /ˈstæɡnənt/ 1. Lacking flow or motion, and thus usually not fresh or healthy; decaying through stillness. Example: a stagnant pool stagnant water 2. Without activity, change or progress, or excitement in an unhealthy manner; inactive, stale. Labels: figuratively Example: a stagnant economy stagnant prices Example: Their love had turned stagnant.
Word: helicopter parent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the tendency to hover over their children's lives, like a helicopter. 1. A parent who pays an inordinate amount of attention to their children and often makes decisions, particularly educational ones, normally the province of the student.
Word: superintending control Part of Speech: noun 1. The authority that a higher court has to issue an order specifically ordering a lower court to perform (or stop performing) a certain action Labels: uncountable
Word: sua sponte Part of Speech: phrase Etymology: A borrowing of Latin sua sponte (“at its own prompting; by its own impulse; of its own free will”) 1. Without prompting or suggestion; on its own initiative. Example: Decretals... ought, properly speaking, to be distinguished, on the one hand from constitutions... enacted by the Pope sua sponte without reference to any particular case, and on the other hand from rescripts... which apply only to special circumstances or individuals, and constitute no general precedent. But this nomenclature is not strictly observed.
Word: gastrotrich Part of Speech: noun 1. A microscopic aquatic animal of the phylum Gastrotricha, with a worm-like body and cilia. Example: In growing cultures most gastrotrichs produce only tachyblastic eggs.
Word: curfew Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English curfu, from Old French cuevre-fu (French couvre-feu), from the imperative of covrir (“to cover”) + fu (“fire”). Compare kerchief. Pronunciation: /ˈkɜː.fjuː/, /ˈkɝ.fju/ 1. Any regulation requiring people to be off the streets and in their homes by a certain time. Example: Curfews have been curbing / The end of liberty Example: Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare. 2. The time when such restriction begins. 3. A signal indicating this time. 4. A fireplace accessory designed to bank a fire by completely covering the embers. 5. A regulation in feudal Europe by which fires had to be covered up or put out at a certain fixed time in the evening, marked by the ringing of an evening bell. Labels: historical 6. The evening bell, which continued to be rung in many towns after the regulation itself became obsolete. Example: I have my lodging neere unto a tower, where both evening and morning a very great bell doth chime Ave marie and Cover-few, which jangling doth even make the tower to shake […].
Word: docket Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps a diminutive of dock. Pronunciation: /ˈdɒk.ɪt/, /ˈdɑ.kɪt/, /ˈdɔk.ɪt/ 1. A summary; a brief digest. Labels: obsolete 2. A short entry of the proceedings of a court; the register containing them; the office containing the register. 3. A schedule of cases awaiting action in a court. Example: And I think it’s probably fair to say that all of the more recent cases that are on the interim/emergency/whatever-we-want-to-call-it-these-days dockets, so they’re still in progress. 4. An agenda of things to be done. 5. A ticket or label fixed to something, showing its contents or directions to its use. 6. A receipt. Labels: Australia
Word: docket Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps a diminutive of dock. Pronunciation: /ˈdɒk.ɪt/, /ˈdɑ.kɪt/, /ˈdɔk.ɪt/ 1. To enter or inscribe in a docket, or list of causes for trial. Labels: transitive 2. To label a parcel, etc. Labels: transitive Example: to docket goods 3. To make a brief abstract of (a writing) and endorse it on the back of the paper, or to endorse the title or contents on the back of; to summarize. Labels: transitive Example: to docket letters and papers Example: Whatever letters and papers you keep , docket and tie them up in their respective classes , so that you may instantly have recourse to any one 4. To make a brief abstract of and inscribe in a book. Labels: transitive Example: judgments regularly docketed
Word: counterclaim Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Italic *kom Proto-Italic *kom- Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Italic *-teros Proto-Italic *komterosder. Proto-Italic *komterād Latin contrāder. Old French contre- Anglo-Norman countre-bor. Middle English counter- English counter- English claim English counterclaim From counter- + claim. 1. A suit filed by a defendant against a plaintiff secondary to the original complaint. 2. A claim (assertion) that counters (disputes) another. Example: Develop claims and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant data and evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both claims and counterclaims in a discipline-appropriate form that anticipates the audience's knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible biases.
Word: counterclaim Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Italic *kom Proto-Italic *kom- Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Italic *-teros Proto-Italic *komterosder. Proto-Italic *komterād Latin contrāder. Old French contre- Anglo-Norman countre-bor. Middle English counter- English counter- English claim English counterclaim From counter- + claim. 1. To file a counterclaim. Labels: intransitive
Word: bona fide Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Latin bonā fidē (“in good faith”). Pronunciation: /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/, /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/, /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/, /ˈbɑnə.faɪd/, /ˈboʊnəˌfideɪ/ 1. In good faith; genuinely, sincerely. Labels: not-comparable Example: But by the knots I am speaking of, may it please your reverences to believe, that I mean good, honest, devilish tight, hard knots, made bona fide, as Obadiah made his; […] Example: Let thinking people, then, judge what must be the fate of a church, whose fundamental doctrines are disbelieved by men of sense and inquiry, whose articles are well known not to be subscribed bonâ fide by those who officiate in it […].
Word: bona fide Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Latin bonā fidē (“in good faith”). Pronunciation: /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/, /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/, /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/, /ˈbɑnə.faɪd/, /ˈboʊnəˌfideɪ/ 1. In good faith; sincere; without deception or ulterior motive. Labels: not-comparable Example: Although he failed, the prime minister made a bona fide attempt to repair the nation's damaged economy. Example: It is impossible to say how far this adherence to a creed is a bona fide reversion to a devout habit of mind, and how far it is to be classed as a case of protective mimicry assumed for the purpose of an outward assimilation to canons of reputability borrowed from foreign ideals. 2. Genuine; not counterfeit. Labels: not-comparable Example: This is a bona fide Roman coin. Example: To Billy Byrne, then, Pesita was a real general, and Billy, himself, a bona fide captain.
Word: affiant Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From affy (“(obsolete) to have faith in, trust; to formally affirm or promise; etc.”) + -ant (suffix forming agent nouns from verbs). Pronunciation: /əˈfaɪənt/ 1. An individual witness whose statement is contained in an affidavit; (generally) an individual who makes a sworn deposition; a deponent. Labels: Canada, US Example: This affiant looked at the wound after Mr. M‘Credie was dead, and from its appearance, which was very large, was of opinion that it was occasioned by a ball and two or three buck short. And farther this affiant saith not. Example: I am bringing this information forward now because if we were involved unknowingly in something that was wrong, I want it to be righted. Further affiant sayeth naught.
Word: reboant Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin reboō (“bellow, resound”). 1. That reverberates or resounds loudly. Labels: poetic Example: 19th C, Alfred Tennyson, Supposed Confessions, The Collected Poems of Alfred Lord Tennyson, 1994, page 15, What if / Thou pleadest still, and seest me drive / Through utter dark a full-sail'd skiff, / Unpiloted i' the echoing dance / Of reboant whirlwinds, stooping low / Unto the death, not sunk! Example: […]this scrolled silver rim of wash striking the shore first in the distance, then spreading all along the curve of the beach, its growing thunder and commotion now joined to the diminishing thunder of the train, and now breaking reboant on our beach[…]
Word: polyphyletic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- Proto-Indo-European *polh₁ús Ancient Greek πολῠ́ς (polŭ́s)lbor. English poly- English phyletic English polyphyletic From poly- + phyletic. 1. Having multiple ancestral sources; referring to a taxon that does not contain the most recent common ancestor of its members.
Word: lucent Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin lūcentem, the present participle of lūcēre (“to shine”). Pronunciation: /ˈl(j)uːsnt/, /ˈlus(ə)nt/ 1. Emitting light; shining, luminous. Example: Sherif Nasir led us: his lucent goodness, which provoked answering devotion even from the depraved, made him the only leader (and a benediction) for forlorn hopes. 2. Translucent; clear, lucid. Example: […] her dilated eyes fixed with a horror-stricken fascination upon the pygmy burial-ground, in that broad, lucent expanse of the yellow moonlight which was still streaming through the illuminated gorge of the mountains into an otherwise dusky world.
Word: lamella Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin lāmella (“small, thin plate of metal”), from lāmina (“thin plate”) + -lus (diminutive suffix). Pronunciation: /ləˈmɛl.ə/ 1. A thin, plate-like structure. Example: The most recent study has been made by Hayasi (78), who finds that the calcareous lamellae which form the sclerodermites are formed by secretions of the calicoblasts and that the latter are not themselves calcified. 2. A thin, plate-like structure.
Word: anadiplosis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin anadiplōsis, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναδίπλωσις (anadíplōsis). Pronunciation: /ˌænədəˈploʊsɪs/ 1. A figure of speech in which a word or phrase used at the end of a clause or expression is repeated near the beginning of the next clause or expression. Labels: countable, rhetoric, uncountable Example: Anadiplosis ends the former line With what the next does for its first design.
Word: rescued Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛs.kjuːd/ 1. simple past and past participle of rescue Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: hiker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English hike Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English hiker From hike + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪ̯kə/, [ˈhaɪ̯kə], /ˈhaɪ̯kɚ/, [ˈhaɪ̯kɚ] ~ [ˈhaɪ̯kɹ̩], /ˈhɐɪ̯kɚ/ 1. One who hikes, especially frequently. Example: The mother looks over her shoulder, and the hiker could swear she gives the weaning calf a dirty look; the time has come for the young animal to enter moosehood, to stop living in two worlds, […] Example: On Taipa Island, there are two trails, the 2.2km Taipa Grande and 2.3km Taipa Pequena which take hikers to the two highest points of the island, offering a panoramic view of Macau. The Taipa Grande trail takes about 2? hours and can be reached through a short paved road off the Estrada Colonel Nicolau de Mesquita, near the United Chinese Cemetery. Adjacent to the trail on the east side of Taipa Grande, near the airport, is the Taipa Grande Nature Park. The Taipa Pequena trail can be accessed from the Estrada Lou Lim Ieoc, behind the Regency Hotel, and takes about two hours.
Word: pertussis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin, from Latin per- (“thorough”) + tussis (“cough”). Pronunciation: /pəˈtʌsɪs/, /pɚˈtʌsɪs/ 1. Whooping cough. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: With the introduction of an improved and standardized pertussis vaccine in the 1940s, there followed a remarkable decline in pertussis in the United States, most of the Western world, and Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. Example: Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that infects the human respiratory tract, causing the disease pertussis or whooping cough.
Word: chilblain Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From chill + blain, literally “cold sore”. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɪlbleɪn/ 1. An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead). Example: Faith and those chilblanes are a foul trouble, Mistresse Merie-thought when your youth comes home, let him rub all the soles of his feete, and the heeles, and his ancles, with a mouse skinne, or if none of your people can catch a mouse, when hee goes to bed, let him rowle his feete in the warme embers, and I warrant you hee shall be well, and you may make him put his fingers between his toes & smell to them, it's very soueraigne for his head if he be costiue. Example: Mrs. Goddard’s school was in high repute—and very deservedly; for Highbury was reckoned a particularly healthy spot: she had an ample house and garden, gave the children plenty of wholesome food, let them run about a great deal in the summer, and in winter dressed their chilblains with her own hands.
Word: sabbat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French sabbat (“Sabbath”). 1. Witches' Sabbath. Example: Latter day witches, continuing the age-long cult, frequently made use of these old circles as meeting places, holding esbats, sabbats, and performing their ritual "ring" dances within the circumference of the tall granite stones. Example: “Holdin' Sabbats in the woods. It's all here you know,” Bottle continued, showing Sam his copy of Witchcraft Today.
Word: minuend Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin minuendus (“something to be diminished”), gerundive of minuō (“decrease, diminish”), by surface analysis, minus + -end. Pronunciation: /ˈmɪnjʊˌɛnd/ 1. A number or quantity from which another is to be subtracted. Example: In the subtraction 10 − 4, 10 is the minuend and 4 is the subtrahend.
Word: subtrahend Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1670s, from Latin subtrahendus numerus (“number to be subtracted”), form of subtrahō (“to pull out from under, to subtract”) (English subtract). By surface analysis, subtract + -end (“patient (recipient) of action”). Pronunciation: /ˈsʌbtɹəhɛnd/ 1. A number or quantity to be subtracted from another. Example: In the subtraction 10 − 4, 4 is the subtrahend.
Word: semi-norm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sēmi Latin sēmi-bor. English semi- English norm English semi-norm From semi- + norm. 1. A function denoted ∥v∥ that maps a vector v to a non-negative value such that ∥cv∥ = |c|.∥v∥, where c is a scalar, and ∥v + w∥ ≤ ∥v∥ + ∥w∥ (the triangle inequality); the condition that ∥v∥ = 0 implies that v = 0 is not required, but when it holds, the semi-norm is a norm.
Word: triangle inequality Part of Speech: noun 1. The inequality that states that the magnitude of the sum of two vectors is less than or equal to the sum of the magnitudes of the vectors. Example: ‖ mathbf x+ mathbf y‖≤‖ mathbf x‖+‖ mathbf y‖ 2. The inequality that states that the distance between two points is less than or equal to the sum of the distances between the first two points and some third point. Example: d(x,z)≤d(x,y)+d(y,z) 3. Either of the above two inequalities, considered as one of the axioms which a function must satisfy to be a norm or metric respectively.
Word: seminorm Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of semi-norm. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: bona fides Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin bona (nominative feminine singular of bonus (“good”)) + fidēs (“faith”). Pronunciation: /ˈboʊnəfaɪdz/, /ˈbɑnəfaɪdz/, /ˌboʊnə ˈfaɪdiz/ 1. Sincerity, good faith. Labels: uncountable 2. Credentials that authenticate a person's good standing or reputation. Labels: uncountable Example: […] but my note had evidently stung him, and I had a brusque message in which he said that if I wished him to believe in my “bona-fides” (whatever he may have meant by that), I would return the money which I had had during the time that I was with him at Bradfield. Example: He sat down at a table and wrote to my dictation. The gist of it was that if a man called Twisdon (I thought I had better stick to that name) turned up before June 15th he was to entreat him kindly. He said Twisdon would prove his bona fides by passing the word “Black Stone” and whistling “Annie Laurie”.
Word: synchrotron Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From synchro- + -tron. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪŋkɹə(ʊ)tɹɒn/ 1. A form of cyclotron in which charged particles are accelerated by an electric field that is synchronized with a magnetic field that keeps them in a circular path.
Word: synchrotron radiation Part of Speech: noun 1. The electromagnetic radiation emitted by the acceleration of relativistic charged particles in a synchrotron or under natural conditions approximating those of a synchrotron. Labels: uncountable
Word: synchrotron light Part of Speech: noun 1. synchrotron radiation Labels: uncountable
Word: complex analysis Part of Speech: noun 1. The branch of mathematics that studies holomorphic functions. Labels: uncountable
Word: bremsstrahlung Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from German Bremsstrahlung (“braking or deceleration radiation”), which had been coined in German by Arnold Sommerfeld from bremsen (“to brake”) + Strahlung (“radiation”) in 1909, and was first used in English by Arthur Edward Ruark and Harold Urey in 1930. Pronunciation: /ˈbɹɛm.ʃtrɑ.ləŋ/, /ˈbɹɛms.ʃtrɑ.ləŋ/, /ˈbɹɛm.strɑ.ləŋ/, /-lʊŋ/, /-lʌŋ/ 1. The electromagnetic radiation produced by the deceleration of a charged particle, such as an electron, when it is deflected by another charged particle, such as an atomic nucleus. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Nordtvedt effect Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named after Kenneth Nordtvedt 1. A test of the strong equivalence principle of general relativity that relies on detecting polarization in the orbit of the moon in the direction of the sun.
Word: strong equivalence principle Part of Speech: noun 1. the principle that the laws of gravity are independent of velocity and position
Word: equivalence principle Part of Speech: noun 1. Any of several principles, concerned with the uniformity of physical measurements in different frames of reference.
Word: frame of reference Part of Speech: noun 1. A set of assumptions, ideas and standards that form a viewpoint from which philosophical, religious and other ideas may be evaluated. Example: Anyone with an unsubverted or cleansed frame of reference likely couldn't bear seeing such mistreatment and violence. Example: When Kafka’s novels are analyzed with the autistic frame of reference in mind the behavior of his protagonists make more sense and will reveal that Kafka’s protagonists focus on external behavioral cues which are guided by Kafka’s education and mindset of a lawyer. 2. A set of axes which enable an observer to measure the position and motion of all bodies in some system relative to the reference frame.
Word: inertial frame of reference Part of Speech: noun 1. A frame of reference that is stationary relative to a body moving at constant velocity and on which no force is being exerted.
Word: megadeath Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *méǵh₂s From mega- (prefix meaning ‘one million; very large, great’) + death. Pronunciation: /ˈmɛɡədɛθ/, /ˈmɛɡəˌdɛθ/ 1. One million deaths, especially as a unit of measure for estimating deaths due to nuclear warfare. 2. The deaths of a very large number of people; a massacre, a slaughter. Labels: broadly
Word: unit of measure Part of Speech: noun 1. Any standardized, reproducible unit that can be used to measure any physical property.
Word: unit of measure Part of Speech: name Labels: no-gloss
Word: blem Part of Speech: adj 1. Abbreviation of blemished sometimes used on online auction sites. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of
Word: blem Part of Speech: noun 1. A blemished item. Labels: informal Example: They're all blems. They're from the dumpster behind an apple-waxing plant in Washington State.
Word: blem Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: [blɛm] 1. A cigarette, spliff or another intoxicant preparation for smoking. Labels: Multicultural-London-English, countable, uncountable Example: Give up the name, I pattern them / Why you der life, your smoking blem Example: I pop my cherry on the opp block, holding a four-ten, / corn for days, corn for them, / can’t single, we out like blem, / been bad since when, / [incomprehensible or probably censored] back then, / now I am tryna lurk with friend plus skeng
Word: blem Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: [blɛm] 1. Alternative form of blam (“to shoot”). Labels: Multicultural-London-English, alt-of, alternative, slang Example: And anyone of dem can curse, and we send shot And we send shot pon dem anyone of dem can get blem We send shot pon dem anyone of dem can get qweng
Word: onomastic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Graeco-Phrygian *ónomã Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Hellenic *ónomə Ancient Greek ὄνομᾰ (ónomă) Ancient Greek -ᾰ́ζω (-ắzō) Ancient Greek ὀνομάζω (onomázō) Proto-Indo-European *-tis Ancient Greek -τις (-tis) Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) ? Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Hellenic *-tós Ancient Greek -τος (-tos) ▲ Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) ? Ancient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós) Ancient Greek ὀνομᾰστῐκός (onomăstĭkós)bor. English onomastic Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀνομᾰστῐκός (onomăstĭkós). Pronunciation: /ˌɒ.nəʊˈmæs.tɪk/, /ˌɑː.noʊˈmæs.tɪk/, /ˌɑː.nəˈmæs.tɪk/ 1. Of or relating to a personal or place name. Labels: not-comparable Example: The core of the study consists of an onomastic analysis and comparison of some selected areas of the urbanonymic system; I also delineate the characteristics of different urbanonymic types. 2. Of or relating to onomastics. Labels: not-comparable
Word: onomastician Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Graeco-Phrygian *ónomã Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Hellenic *ónomə Ancient Greek ὄνομᾰ (ónomă) Ancient Greek -ᾰ́ζω (-ắzō) Ancient Greek ὀνομάζω (onomázō) Proto-Indo-European *-tis Ancient Greek -τις (-tis) Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) ? Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Hellenic *-tós Ancient Greek -τος (-tos) ▲ Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) ? Ancient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós) Ancient Greek ὀνομᾰστῐκός (onomăstĭkós)bor. English onomastic Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānus Latin -iānusbor. English -ian English onomastician From onomastic + -ian. 1. A person who studies onomastics; one who studies or researches names. Example: The semantics of names vs. the semantics of words has been the most attractive and active field of inquiry in onomastics, investigating a large cultural variety of names and their embeddedness in many different languages. It is not surprising therefore that the onomastician’s closest ally is the lexicologist; the student of names is most easily understood by the student of words. Example: As an onomastician, I take it to be axiomatic that name choice in a great author’s works is a highly controlled and deliberate act.