nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: revival Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From revive + -al. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈvaɪ̯vəl/, [ɹɪˈvaɪ̯vəl] ~ [ɹɪˈvaɪ̯vl̩], /ɹəˈvaɪvəl/, [ɹəˈvaɪ̯vəl] ~ [ɹəˈvaɪ̯vl̩] 1. The act of reviving, or the state of being revived. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Reanimation from a state of languor or depression; applied to health, a person's spirits, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: It is hard to sell a democratic partnership of nations from a stall that only stocks Conservative governments. Unionism needs a Labour revival in England. 3. Renewed interest, performance, cultivation, or flourishing state of something, as of culture, commerce, agriculture. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: post-punk revival Example: The Met's recent revival of Jürgen Flimm's powerful production of Beethoven's “Fidelio,” another highlight of the 2000-1 season, was a similar letdown. But revivals of great productions don't always have to be disappointments, as the Met's current presentation of Poulenc's “Dialogues des Carmélites” makes clear. 4. Renewed prevalence of something, as a practice or a fashion. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the revival of hot pants Example: Kat Frey, a 25-year-old copywriter who lives in Brooklyn, picked up the habit last year. “We’re having a very sexy and ethereal 1980s revival, and smoking is part of that,” she said. “A lot of people I know are posting pictures doing it. I’m doing it. It’s having its moment for sure.” 5. Renewed interest in religion, after indifference and decline; a period of religious awakening; special religious interest. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: As the revivals died down in the 1740s, the revivalist camp made concessions to their opponents, admonished prorevivalists who continued with the hostilities, and generally sought to heal divisions. Example: This book offers a view into a growing movement of Islamic revival as it is taking place in the small, historically Hindu kingdom of Nepal on the northern Himalayan edge of the Indian subcontinent. 6. Renewed interest in religion, after indifference and decline; a period of religious awakening; special religious interest. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. Restoration of force, validity, or effect; renewal; reinstatement of a legal action. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the revival of a debt barred by limitation Example: the revival of a revoked will 8. Revivification, as of a metal. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. Type of sequence on TV media with the objective to end a cancelled production. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: revive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The verb is derived from Late Middle English reviven, revyven (“to recover from illness; to regain consciousness; to return to life after death; to happen again, recur; to be rejuvenated, renewed; (figurative) to bring back; (alchemy) of a metal: to be restored to its original form”), from Anglo-Norman reviver, revivre (“to return to life after death; to rejuvenate, renew; to make (a law or legal document) valid again”), Middle French revivre, and Old French revivre (“to return to life after death; to rejuvenate, renew”) (modern French revivre), and directly from their etymon Latin revīvere, the present active infinitive of revīvō (“to live again”), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again’) + vīvō (“to be alive, survive; to live”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”)). The noun is derived from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈvaɪ̯v/, [ɹʷɪˈvaɪ̯v], /ɹiˈvaɪv/, [ɹʷɪi̯ˈvaɪv], /ɹəˈvaɪ̯v/ 1. Synonym of revival (“an act of reviving, or a state of being revived (in various senses)”). Labels: obsolete Example: [F]irst called at Wotton's, the shoemaker's, who tells me the reason of [Henry] Harris's going from Sir W[illia]m Davenant's house, that he grew very proud and demanded £20 for himself extraordinary, more than [Thomas] Betterton, or any body else, upon every new play, and £10 upon every revive; […]
Word: rife Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English rife, from Old English rīfe, rȳfe (“rife, abundant, frequent”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīb, from Proto-Germanic *rībaz (“generous”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear (off), rip”). Cognate with West Frisian rju (“rife, much”), Dutch rijf (“abundant, copious”), Low German rive (“abundant, munificent”), Icelandic rífur (“rife, munificent”), Faroese ríviligur (“plentiful, abundant”), Faroese rívan (“abundantly”), Icelandic reifa (“to bestow”). Pronunciation: /ɹaɪf/ 1. Widespread, common, prevalent, current (mainly of unpleasant or harmful things). Example: Smallpox was rife after the siege had been lifted. Example: Rumors were rife that the factory was about to shut down. 2. Abounding; present in large numbers, plentiful. Example: Red deer are rife in these woodlands. Example: Seeds are rife in a watermelon. 3. Full of (mostly unpleasant or harmful things). Example: Many post-colonial governments were rife with lawlessness and corruption. Example: They will have to reflect on a seventh successive defeat in a European final while Chelsea try to make sense of an eccentric season rife with controversy and bad feeling but once again one finishing on an exhilarating high. 4. Having power; active; nimble. Labels: obsolete Example: What! I am rife a little yet.
Word: rife Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English rife, from Old English rīfe, rȳfe (“rife, abundant, frequent”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīb, from Proto-Germanic *rībaz (“generous”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear (off), rip”). Cognate with West Frisian rju (“rife, much”), Dutch rijf (“abundant, copious”), Low German rive (“abundant, munificent”), Icelandic rífur (“rife, munificent”), Faroese ríviligur (“plentiful, abundant”), Faroese rívan (“abundantly”), Icelandic reifa (“to bestow”). Pronunciation: /ɹaɪf/ 1. Plentifully, abundantly. Example: The snowdrops grow rife on the slopes of Mount Pembroke.
Word: rigorous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Inherited from Middle English rigorous, from Middle French and Anglo-Norman rigoreus, derived from Late Latin rigōrōsus (stiff, rigid; inflexible). By surface analysis, rigor + -ous. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪɡəɹəs/ 1. Showing, causing, or favoring rigour/rigor; scrupulously accurate or strict; thorough. Example: a rigorous officer of justice Example: a rigorous execution of law 2. Severe; intense. Example: a rigorous winter
Word: riot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English riot (“debauched living, dissipation”), from Old French riote (“debate”), from rioter (“to quarrel”), perhaps related to riboter or from Latin rugio (“to roar”). Compare French riotte and Occitan riòta. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaɪ.ət/, /ˈɹaɪ.ɪt/ 1. A tumultuous disturbance of the public peace by a large group of people, often involving violence or damage to property. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The protests began peacefully but turned into riots after several days. 2. A wide and unconstrained variety. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: In summer this flower garden is a riot of colour. Example: The human world is contracting not only prospectively but to the backward-probing eye of culture-history. Nevertheless we are as yet far from able to reduce the riot of spoken languages to a small number of “stocks.” 3. A humorous or entertaining event or person. Labels: colloquial, uncountable Example: Check this out! We have to get this! I can't believe all this stuff! This is a total riot! Example: They call me "quiet girl", but I'm a riot 4. Wanton or unrestrained behavior or emotion. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: For when his head-ſtrong Riot hath no Curbe, 5. Excessive and expensive feasting; wild and loose festivity; revelry. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: the lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day
Word: riot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English riot (“debauched living, dissipation”), from Old French riote (“debate”), from rioter (“to quarrel”), perhaps related to riboter or from Latin rugio (“to roar”). Compare French riotte and Occitan riòta. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaɪ.ət/, /ˈɹaɪ.ɪt/ 1. To create or take part in a riot; to raise an uproar or sedition. Labels: intransitive Example: The nuclear protesters rioted outside the military base. 2. To act in an unrestrained or wanton manner; to indulge in excess of feasting, luxury, etc. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: Now he exact of all, wastes in delight, / Riots in pleasure, and neglects the law. 3. To cause to riot; to throw into a tumult. Labels: transitive 4. To annoy. Labels: transitive
Word: ripe Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English ripe, rype, from Old English rīpe (“ripe, mature”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīpī, from Proto-Germanic *rīpijaz, *rīpiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyb- (“to snatch”). Cognate with West Frisian ryp (“ripe”), Dutch rijp (“ripe”), German reif (“ripe”). Related to reap. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪp/ 1. Of a fruit, vegetable, seed, etc., ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature. Example: ripe grain Example: ripe apples 2. Of a food, advanced to the state of fitness for use; mellow. Example: ripe cheese Example: ripe wine 3. Having attained its full development; mature; perfected. Labels: figuratively Example: He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one. Example: And so may Place retain us still, ⁠And he the much-beloved again, ⁠A lord of large experience, train To riper growth the mind and will: […] 4. Of a sore, tumor, etc., maturated or suppurated; ready to discharge. Labels: archaic 5. Ready for action or effect; prepared. Example: while things were just ripe for a war Example: I am not ripe to pass sentence on the gravest public bodies. 6. Of a person, ready, willing, eager. Labels: colloquial Example: I'm starting somethin' myself. I'm ripe to fight. It's this country air! 7. Like ripened fruit in ruddiness and plumpness. Example: Those happy smilets, / That played on her ripe lip. Example: He looked back once at the waving hands, the mother's glowing, ripe cheeks. 8. Intoxicated. Labels: obsolete Example: Alonso: And Trinculo is reeling-ripe: where should they / Find this grand liquor that hath gilded them? / How cam'st thou in this pickle? 9. Of a conflict between parties, having developed to a stage where the conflict may be reviewed by a court of law. Example: Problems emerge in judging whether a case is ripe, however, when contested general agency directives are issued that are not aimed at specific parties. 10. Smelly: having a disagreeable odor. Example: His Majesty [a purple emperor butterfly] has rather peculiar tastes for so elegant a being. You just hang a piece of decidedly ripe meat anywhere near. Example: Dolores, giving her a bath yesterday, said she was a bit ripe under the armpits.
Word: ripe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ripe, rype, from Old English rīpe (“ripe, mature”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīpī, from Proto-Germanic *rīpijaz, *rīpiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyb- (“to snatch”). Cognate with West Frisian ryp (“ripe”), Dutch rijp (“ripe”), German reif (“ripe”). Related to reap. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪp/ 1. A fruit or vegetable which has ripened. Example: When he realized that the ripes would not make it back to Selma, Zemurray offered a free bunch of bananas to any telegraph operator who notified local grocers that he was coming through with a shipment of bananas.
Word: ripe Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English ripe, rype, from Old English rīpe (“ripe, mature”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīpī, from Proto-Germanic *rīpijaz, *rīpiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyb- (“to snatch”). Cognate with West Frisian ryp (“ripe”), Dutch rijp (“ripe”), German reif (“ripe”). Related to reap. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪp/ 1. To ripen or mature. Labels: intransitive Example: […] he answer'd, "Do not so; / Slubber not business for my sake, Bassanio, / But stay the very riping of the time; / […]
Word: ripe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ripe, from Latin ripa. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪp/ 1. The bank of a river.
Word: ripe Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ɹaɪp/ 1. To search; to rummage. Labels: obsolete, transitive
Word: ripe Part of Speech: adj Etymology: An alteration of rife. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪp/ 1. Rife Labels: not-comparable, proscribed Example: The current state of the tech industry is ripe with danger and poses an existential threat, he believes.
Word: rive Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English riven (“to rive”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse rífa (“to rend, tear apart”), from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną (“to tear, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to crumble, tear”). Cognate with Danish rive (“to tear”), Old Frisian rīva (“to tear”), Old English ārǣfan (“to let loose, unwrap”), Old Norse ript (“breach of contract, rift”), Norwegian Bokmål rive (“to tear”), Swedish riva (”to tear”) and Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”). More at rift. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪv/ 1. To tear apart by force; to rend; to split; to cleave. Labels: transitive Example: I have seen tempests, when the scolding winds / Have rived the knotty oaks[…] 2. To pierce or cleave with a weapon. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: And therwith she toke the swerd from her loue that lay ded and fylle to the ground in a swowne / And whan she aroos she made grete dole out of mesure / the whiche sorowe greued Balyn passyngly sore / and he wente vnto her for to haue taken the swerd oute of her hād but[…]sodenly she sette the pomell to the ground / and rofe her self thorow the body Example: And the sword that had visited Earth from so far away smote like the falling of thunderbolts [...] and the runes in Alveric’s far-travelled sword exulted, and roared at the elf-knight; until in the dark of the wood, amongst branches severed from disenchanted trees, with a blow like that of a thunderbolt riving an oak-tree, Alveric slew him. 3. To break apart; to split. Labels: intransitive Example: The varlet at his plaint was grieu'd so sore, / That his deepe wounded hart in two did riue[…]. Example: Freestone i.e. that rives, splits, and breaks in any direction. 4. To burst open; explode; discharge. Labels: rare, transitive Example: Ten thousand French have ta'en the sacrament, To rive their dangerous artillery 5. To use a technique of splitting or sawing wood radially from a log (e.g. clapboards).
Word: rive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English riven (“to rive”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse rífa (“to rend, tear apart”), from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną (“to tear, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to crumble, tear”). Cognate with Danish rive (“to tear”), Old Frisian rīva (“to tear”), Old English ārǣfan (“to let loose, unwrap”), Old Norse ript (“breach of contract, rift”), Norwegian Bokmål rive (“to tear”), Swedish riva (”to tear”) and Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”). More at rift. Pronunciation: /ɹaɪv/ 1. A place torn; a rent; a rift.
Word: rive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare Latin ripa (“shore”) Pronunciation: /ɹaɪv/ 1. A bank or shore.
Word: rive Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Compare Latin ripa (“shore”) Pronunciation: /ɹaɪv/ 1. To land.
Word: robust Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Latin rōbus Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tos Latin -tus Latin rōbustuslbor. English robust Learned borrowing from Latin rōbustus. Pronunciation: /ɹəʊˈbʌst/, /ɹəˈbʌst/, /ɹoʊˈbʌst/, /ɹəʉˈbɐst/, /ɹəˈbɐst/ 1. Able to withstand adverse conditions. 2. Evincing strength and health; strong; (often, especially) both large and healthy. Example: He was a robust man of six feet four. Example: robust health 3. Requiring strength or vigor. Example: robust employment 4. Sensible (of intellect etc.); straightforward, not given to or confused by uncertainty or subtlety. Example: robust findings Example: robust proof 5. Rough; rude. Labels: euphemistic Example: As a frenetic opening continued, Cahill - whose robust approach had already prompted Jamie Carragher to register his displeasure to Atkinson - rose above the Liverpool defence to force keeper Pepe Reina into an athletic tip over the top. 6. Designed or evolved in such a way as to be resistant to total failure despite partial damage. 7. Resistant or impervious to failure regardless of user input or unexpected conditions. 8. Not greatly influenced by errors in assumptions about the distribution of sample errors. 9. Of an individual or skeletal element: strongly built; muscular; not gracile.
Word: rocky Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English rokki, rokky (“rocky”), from rok, rokke (“rock; a rock or stone; large rock by a coast or in the sea; rocky outcrop on a mountain, cliff; castle, citadel, stronghold”) [and other forms] + -i (suffix forming adjectives). Rok, rokke are derived from: * Old English *rocc (“rock”); and * Anglo-Norman roc, roce, roque, and Old French roce, roke, roque, variants of roche (“rock”); both from Medieval Latin roca, rocca; further etymology uncertain, possibly of Celtic origin. The English word is analysable as rock + -y (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘having the quality of’). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɒki/, [ˈɹʷɒki], /ˈɹɑki/, [ˈɹʷɑki], /ˈɹɔki/ 1. Abounding in, or full of, rocks; consisting of rocks. Example: a rocky mountain a rocky shore Example: The pihoihoi live in the island's interior, and the torea on its rocky shore. 2. Like a rock; rigid, solid. Example: Marsh went on as his prisoner drank. "Because you're caught in the middle of my alternate plan, Ram-Jam, which ram-jams your ass between the rockiest rock and the hardest hard place you ever imagined. 3. Having a habitat around or on rocks. 4. Not easily affected or impressed; stony; hard; obdurate; unfeeling. Labels: archaic, figuratively Example: to have a rocky heart 5. Having little or no money; stony broke. Labels: slang Example: "Come, George, fork out. I'm sorry if you're rocky too but it's an absolute that it's no good going back without it." "'Rocky,' my God!" said George, echoing her shallow laugh. "Well—but how much do you need to square it?"
Word: rocky Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From rock (“to move back and forth”) + -y (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘having the quality of’). Rock is derived from Middle English rokken (“to move (something, such as a cradle) back and forth; to move or sway back and forth in an unstable manner; to go”) […], from Old English roccian (“to rock”), from Proto-Germanic *rukkōną (“to move; to move back and forth, rock”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- (“to dig; to till (soil)”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɒki/, [ˈɹʷɒki], /ˈɹɑki/, [ˈɹʷɑki], /ˈɹɔki/ 1. Easily rocked; unstable. Example: The table was rocky, so we put a book under one leg. 2. Encountering many problems; difficult, troubled; also, in danger or distress. Labels: figuratively Example: Their relationship had weathered some rocky times, but they loved each other. 3. Of a person: ill, or unsteady (for example, as a result of a shock). Labels: figuratively
Word: rocky Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From rock (“rock and roll music”) + -y (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘having the quality of’). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɒki/, [ˈɹʷɒki], /ˈɹɑki/, [ˈɹʷɑki], /ˈɹɔki/ 1. In the style of rock music. Example: His new album is quite rocky.
Word: rosette Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Iranian *wardahder.? Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon)bor.? Latin rosalbor. Old French rose Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tosder.? Latin -ittus Old French -ete Old French rosete Middle French rosettebor. ▲ French rosetteinflu. English rosette Borrowed from Middle French rosette (in sense 15) and (modern) French rosette. By surface analysis, rose + -ette. Pronunciation: /ɹəʊˈzɛt/, /ɹoʊˈzɛt/ 1. An element or ornament resembling a rose, especially on a wall or other surface, mostly for decorative purposes. 2. An element or ornament resembling a rose, especially on a wall or other surface, mostly for decorative purposes. Labels: uncommon 3. An imitation of a rose made of ribbon or other material, worn as an ornament or symbol, especially: 4. An imitation of a rose made of ribbon or other material, worn as an ornament or symbol, especially: 5. An imitation of a rose made of ribbon or other material, worn as an ornament or symbol, especially: 6. A decorative inlay surrounding the sound hole of a guitar. 7. A red color. 8. A rose burner. 9. One or more whorls of leaves, clustered tightly at the base of a plant. 10. A plant growth form in which the plant grows outward in all directions for a short distance, producing a small round shape. 11. Any structure having a flowerlike form; especially, the group of five broad ambulacra on the upper side of the spatangoid and clypeastroid sea urchins. 12. A flowerlike color marking, as on the leopard. 13. A floral pattern in latte art. 14. A clustered formation of tumor cells. 15. A thin, cookie-like, deep-fried Scandinavian pastry, made using an iron, which resembles a rose blossom. 16. A rose shape piped using frosting, most commonly buttercream. 17. A form of knot. 18. A disc formed by throwing water on molten metal. Example: It is a high rocke betweene two Bayes of the Sea, wherein the Copper is conioyned with the ſtone, very faire and very pure, ſuch as is that which is called Rozette Copper [translating cuivre de rozette]. 19. A rosette sampler. 20. Synonym of worm-star.
Word: roulette Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French roulette (“roulette, little wheel”). The sense "situation with a random chance of incurring serious harm" may be abstracted from Russian roulette. Pronunciation: /ɹuːˈlɛt/ 1. A game of chance in which a small ball is made to move round rapidly on a circle divided off into numbered (usually red and black) spaces. When the ball stops, it indicates the result of a variety of wagers permitted by the game. Labels: uncountable 2. An instance of risk-taking, especially when the downside exceeds the upside (contrary to the game of roulette where only the wager is lost). Labels: figuratively, uncountable Example: Doctors and health officials said that the WRC-TV documentary, "DPT: Vaccine Roulette," emphasized the risks of the vaccine while ignoring the dangers of the disease, which has been almost wiped out in this country. Example: They would all rather take their chances with the existing policy-making roulette rather than follow process discipline. 3. A small toothed wheel used by engravers to roll over a plate in order to produce rows of dots. Labels: countable 4. A similar wheel used to roughen the surface of a plate, as in making alterations in a mezzotint. Labels: countable 5. The locus of a point on a plane curve that rolls without slipping along another fixed plane curve. Labels: countable 6. Any of the small incisions on a sheet of stamps, used as an alternative to perforations. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A cylindrical curler for the hair. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: roulette Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French roulette (“roulette, little wheel”). The sense "situation with a random chance of incurring serious harm" may be abstracted from Russian roulette. Pronunciation: /ɹuːˈlɛt/ 1. To separate or decorate by incisions made with a small toothed wheel. Example: to roulette a sheet of postage stamps
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“group of people associated with one another, company; entourage, retinue; army; group of soldiers; group of pirates; large number of people, crowd; throng; group of disreputable people, mob; riot; group of animals; group of objects; proper condition or manner”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman route, rute, Middle French rote, route, Old French rote, route, rute (“group of people, company; group of armed people; group of criminals; group of cattle”) (modern French route (obsolete)), from Latin rupta (compare Late Latin ruta, rutta (“group of marauders; riot; unlawful assembly”)), the feminine of ruptus (“broken; burst, ruptured”), the perfect passive participle of rumpō (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break; to tear (up)”). The English word is a doublet of route. The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to assemble, congregate; of animals: to herd together; to regroup, make a stand against; to be riotous, to riot”) [and other forms], from rout, route (noun); see above. Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, [ɹʌʊt] 1. To assemble in a crowd, whether orderly or disorderly; to collect in company. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: Whereupon the meaner ſort [of people] routed together, and ſuddenly aſſayling the Earle [i.e., Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland] in his Houſe, ſlew him, and diuers of his ſeruants. 2. To cause to move. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: "Why, God be thanked, ma'am, I'm stout and hearty; and though I say it mysilf, there's not an ould woman in the county can stir about betther nor me, and I'm up ivery mornin' at the peep of day, and rout them all up out of their beds. Don't I?" said she, looking at Mary.
Word: rout Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle French route (“military defeat; retreat”), from rout, archaic past participle of Middle French, Old French rompre (“to break; to break up, disperse”) (modern French rompre (“to break, snap; to break up (with someone)”)), from Latin rumpere, the present active infinitive of rumpō (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”); see further at etymology 1. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, [ɹʌʊt] 1. The act of completely defeating an army or other enemy force, causing it to retreat in a disorganized manner; (by extension) in politics, sport, etc.: a convincing defeat; a thrashing, a trouncing. Example: The rout of the enemy was complete. Example: The visiting football team was put to rout. 2. The retreat of an enemy force, etc., in this manner; also (archaic, rare), the army, enemy force, etc., so retreating. Labels: also, figuratively Example: [T]hy Army preſently, / (As if they could not ſtand, when thou wert downe) / Diſperſt in rout, betooke them all to flie: [...] Example: And the authorities in Moscow presented the rout in the northeast as a planned “regrouping.”
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle French route (“military defeat; retreat”), from rout, archaic past participle of Middle French, Old French rompre (“to break; to break up, disperse”) (modern French rompre (“to break, snap; to break up (with someone)”)), from Latin rumpere, the present active infinitive of rumpō (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”); see further at etymology 1. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, [ɹʌʊt] 1. To completely defeat and force into disorderly retreat (an enemy force, opponent in sport, etc.). Labels: transitive Example: [T]hat Party of the King's Horſe which Charged the Scots, ſo totally Routed and defeated their whole Army, that they fled all ways for many Miles together, and were knock'd on the head, and taken Priſoners by the Country, [...] Example: They write with eloquence against the men, using the men’s own language to embarrass them and sometimes even to rout them. 2. To retreat from a confrontation in disorder. Labels: archaic, intransitive Example: The Ra division broke in panic and fled up against the just-arriving Amon division, which as a result began to rout as well.
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to snore; to grunt, snort; to sleep; to dwell; to settle permanently”), [and other forms], from Old English hrūtan (“to snore; to make a noise”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrūtan (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to snore”), from *hruttōną (“to snore; to roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *kor-, *kr- (“to croak, crow”), *krut- (“to snore; to roar”), probably ultimately imitative. The English word is cognate with Icelandic rjóta, hrjóta (“to snore; to rattle, roar”), rauta (“to roar”), Middle Dutch ruyten (“to make a noise; to chatter, chirp”), Middle High German rūssen, rūzen (“to make a noise; to buzz; to rattle; to snore”), Norwegian Nynorsk ruta (“to make a loud noise; to roar, rumble”), Swedish ryta (“to bellow, roar; to scream or shout angrily”). Compare Old English rēotan, *hrēotan (“to make a noise; to make a noise in grief, lament, wail; to shed tears, weep”), from Proto-Germanic *reutaną; see further at etymology 4. The noun is derived from the verb. It is cognate with Southern Norwegian rut (“loud noise, din, roar”). Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, /ɹut/ 1. To snore, especially loudly. Labels: England, intransitive, regional 2. To make a noise; to bellow, to roar, to snort. Labels: England, intransitive, regional 3. Especially of the sea, thunder, wind, etc.: to make a loud roaring noise; to howl, to roar, to rumble. Labels: Scotland, archaic, intransitive
Word: rout Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to snore; to grunt, snort; to sleep; to dwell; to settle permanently”), [and other forms], from Old English hrūtan (“to snore; to make a noise”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrūtan (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to snore”), from *hruttōną (“to snore; to roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *kor-, *kr- (“to croak, crow”), *krut- (“to snore; to roar”), probably ultimately imitative. The English word is cognate with Icelandic rjóta, hrjóta (“to snore; to rattle, roar”), rauta (“to roar”), Middle Dutch ruyten (“to make a noise; to chatter, chirp”), Middle High German rūssen, rūzen (“to make a noise; to buzz; to rattle; to snore”), Norwegian Nynorsk ruta (“to make a loud noise; to roar, rumble”), Swedish ryta (“to bellow, roar; to scream or shout angrily”). Compare Old English rēotan, *hrēotan (“to make a noise; to make a noise in grief, lament, wail; to shed tears, weep”), from Proto-Germanic *reutaną; see further at etymology 4. The noun is derived from the verb. It is cognate with Southern Norwegian rut (“loud noise, din, roar”). Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, /ɹʌʊt/, /ɹut/ 1. A loud, resounding noise, especially one made by the sea, thunder, wind, etc.; a roar. Labels: Scotland
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to cry out, bellow, roar”) [and other forms], from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”), from Proto-Germanic *reutaną (“to cry, wail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH- (“to weep”), probably imitative. The English word is cognate with Danish ryde (“to low, moo”), Latin rudere, rūdere (“to bray; to cry”), Lithuanian raudóti (“to wail; to lament; to sob”), Norwegian raute (“to bellow; to low, moo”), Old Church Slavonic рꙑдати (rydati, “to wail, weep”), Old High German riozan (“to roar; to wail”) (Middle High German riezen (“to wail”)), Old Norse rjóta (“to roar”), Old Swedish riuta, ryta (“to howl, wail; to roar”) (modern Swedish ruta, ryta (“to howl; to roar”) (regional)), Old Swedish röta (“to bellow, roar”) (modern Swedish rauta, råta, rota, röta (“to bellow, roar”) (regional)), Sanskrit रुद् (rud, “to cry, wail, weep; to howl, roar; to bewail, deplore, lament”). The noun is derived from the verb, or from a noun derived from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”) (see above). Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, /ɹʌʊt/, /ɹut/ 1. Of a person: to say or shout (something) loudly. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, transitive 2. Of a person: to speak loudly; to bellow, roar, to shout. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, intransitive 3. Of an animal, especially cattle: to low or moo loudly; to bellow. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, intransitive
Word: rout Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to cry out, bellow, roar”) [and other forms], from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”), from Proto-Germanic *reutaną (“to cry, wail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH- (“to weep”), probably imitative. The English word is cognate with Danish ryde (“to low, moo”), Latin rudere, rūdere (“to bray; to cry”), Lithuanian raudóti (“to wail; to lament; to sob”), Norwegian raute (“to bellow; to low, moo”), Old Church Slavonic рꙑдати (rydati, “to wail, weep”), Old High German riozan (“to roar; to wail”) (Middle High German riezen (“to wail”)), Old Norse rjóta (“to roar”), Old Swedish riuta, ryta (“to howl, wail; to roar”) (modern Swedish ruta, ryta (“to howl; to roar”) (regional)), Old Swedish röta (“to bellow, roar”) (modern Swedish rauta, råta, rota, röta (“to bellow, roar”) (regional)), Sanskrit रुद् (rud, “to cry, wail, weep; to howl, roar; to bewail, deplore, lament”). The noun is derived from the verb, or from a noun derived from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”) (see above). Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, /ɹʌʊt/, /ɹut/ 1. A lowing or mooing sound by an animal, especially cattle; a bellow, a moo. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland 2. A loud shout; a bellow, a roar; also, an instance of loud and continued exclamation or shouting; a clamour, an outcry. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland Example: And what of this new book the whole world makes ſuch a rout about?—Oh! 'tis out of all plumb, my Lord,—quite an irregular thing!
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: A variant of wrout, itself a variant of wroot (“to search or root in the ground”) (obsolete), from Middle English wroten (“to search or root in the ground; of a person: to dig earth; of a worm: to slither, wriggle; to corrode; of a worm: to irritate by biting the skin; to destroy (a fortification) by digging or mining”) [and other forms] (whence root), from Old English wrōtan (“to root up or rummage with the snout”). from Proto-West Germanic *wrōtan, from Proto-Germanic *wrōtaną (“to dig with the nose or snout, to root”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“a root”), whence the English nouns wort and root. Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/ 1. To dig or plough (earth or the ground); to till. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, transitive 2. Usually followed by out or up: of a person: to search for and find (something); also (transitive) to completely empty or clear out (something). Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, transitive 3. Usually followed by from: to compel (someone) to leave a place; specifically (usually followed by out or up), to cause (someone) to get out of bed. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, US, transitive Example: Nevertheless, he was always stimulated by Winsett, and whenever he caught sight of the journalist's lean bearded face and melancholy eyes he would rout him out of his corner and carry him off for a long talk. 4. Of an animal, especially a pig: to search (for something) in the ground with the snout; to root. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, ambitransitive Example: [L]et us try to realise a party of people arriving before daybreak, on a cold mizzly morning, at a sloppy piece of grassland, routed up by vagrant pigs, and poached into holes by horses out for their Sunday holiday, [...] Example: Here was Christmas with some Shorthorns, a black sow of Black Diamond blood, and one of the very best of the day, busily routing by the brook side, and a two-year-old cross between a blood horse and a Suffolk mare. 5. To use a gouge, router, or other tool to scoop out material (from a metallic, wooden, etc., surface), forming a groove or recess. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, ambitransitive 6. Of a person: to search through belongings, a place, etc.; to rummage. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, intransitive
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Possibly a variant of root (“to dig or pull out by the roots; to abolish, exterminate, root out”), from Middle English wroten; see further at etymology 5. Some recent uses are difficult to tell apart from rout (“of an animal, especially a pig: to search (for something) in the ground with the snout; to search for and find (something)”). Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/ 1. Usually followed by out or up: to dig or pull up (a plant) by the roots; to extirpate, to uproot. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, transitive 2. Usually followed by out: to find and eradicate (something harmful or undesirable); to root out. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, figuratively, transitive
Word: rout Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to move quickly, rush; of waters: to churn, surge; to drag, pull; to throw; to agitate, shake; to beat, strike;”) [and other forms], from Old English hrūtan, from or cognate with Old Norse hrjóta (“to be flung; to fall; to fly”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to fall; to fly; to move quickly”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, plunge; to rush; to topple”). The English word is cognate with Middle High German rûzen (“to move quickly, storm”), and is also related to Old English hrēosan (“to fall; to collapse; to rush”). The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“a blow; suffering, woe (?); a jerk, sharp pull”) [and other forms], from routen; see above. Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, /ɹʌʊt/, /ɹut/ 1. To beat or strike (someone or something); to assail (someone or something) with blows. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, ambitransitive, archaic
Word: rout Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to move quickly, rush; of waters: to churn, surge; to drag, pull; to throw; to agitate, shake; to beat, strike;”) [and other forms], from Old English hrūtan, from or cognate with Old Norse hrjóta (“to be flung; to fall; to fly”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to fall; to fly; to move quickly”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, plunge; to rush; to topple”). The English word is cognate with Middle High German rûzen (“to move quickly, storm”), and is also related to Old English hrēosan (“to fall; to collapse; to rush”). The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“a blow; suffering, woe (?); a jerk, sharp pull”) [and other forms], from routen; see above. Pronunciation: /ɹaʊt/, /ɹʌʊt/, /ɹut/ 1. A violent movement; a heavy or stunning blow or stroke. Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, archaic
Word: rout Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Uncertain; either imitative of the bird’s call, or possibly from Icelandic hrota (“brant; brent goose”), also probably imitative though perhaps influenced by hrot (“a snore; act of snoring”), from hrjóta (“to snore”), from Old Norse hrjóta (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną (“to snore”); see further at etymology 3. 1. The brant or brent goose (Branta bernicla). Labels: Northern-England, Northern-Ireland, Scotland, obsolete
Word: route Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English route, from Old French route, from Latin rupta [via] (literally “a path made by force”). Compare Modern French route. See routine. Further via Latin ruptus related with bankrupt. Pronunciation: /ɹuːt/, /ɹʉwt/, /ɹʉːt/, /ɹut/, /ɾuːt/ 1. A course or way which is traveled or passed. Example: The route was used so much that it formed a rut. Example: You need to find a route that you can take between these two obstacles. 2. A regular itinerary of stops, or the path followed between these stops, such as for delivery or passenger transportation. Example: We live near the bus route. Example: Here is a map of our delivery routes. 3. A road or path; often specifically a highway. Example: Follow Route 49 out of town. 4. One of multiple methods or approaches to doing something. Labels: figuratively Example: If such an option is to viable over time, it needs to be protected against competitors. Having patent protection is one route. […] Another route is to have a programmatic investment strategy […]. Rolex has taken this route […] 5. One of the major provinces of imperial China from the Later Jin to the Song, corresponding to the Tang and early Yuan circuits. Labels: historical Example: The Chinese, ever since the first century of our era, have called the countries which we to-day name Kashgar and Sungaria, "routes." They referred them to their relative position on the two sides of the Tian-Shan, and called our Sungaria, Pe-lu, " northern route," and our Kashgar, Nan-lu, " southern route." The Turks gave other names to these countries; they called the northern route besh-balik, "the five cities," Pentapolis; the southern route was alti-shehr, " the six cities," Hexapolis. Example: Under the director were eight education promotion officials (quanxue yuan), each installed in a “route”(lu,corresponding to the policing ward). 6. A specific entry in a router that tells the router how to transmit the data it receives. 7. A race longer than one mile. 8. A path that has been secured by a railway signalling system for the passage of a train and locked to prevent any conflicting train movements from taking place.
Word: route Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English route, from Old French route, from Latin rupta [via] (literally “a path made by force”). Compare Modern French route. See routine. Further via Latin ruptus related with bankrupt. Pronunciation: /ɹuːt/, /ɹʉwt/, /ɹʉːt/, /ɹut/, /ɾuːt/ 1. To direct or divert along a particular course. Labels: transitive Example: All incoming mail was routed through a single office. 2. to connect two local area networks, thereby forming an internet. Labels: Internet 3. To send (information) through a router. Labels: transitive Example: Google Glass has come under fire from privacy advocates because it can record video without subjects being aware of it, and that any video will be routed through Google's servers.
Word: route Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ɹuːt/, /ɹʉwt/, /ɹʉːt/, /ɹut/, /ɾuːt/ 1. Eye dialect spelling of root. Labels: alt-of, pronunciation-spelling
Word: rugged Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English rugged, roggyd, ruggyd, derived from Old Norse rǫgg (“tuft, shagginess”), equivalent to rug (“rough, woollen material”) + -ed. Compare Old Swedish ruggoter (“wrinkled”), Swedish rugga (“to roughen”), Swedish ruggig (“shaggy”), Icelandic rögg (“shagginess”), Old Norse raggaðr (“tufted”), dialectal Danish raggad (“shaggy”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹʌɡ.ɪd/ 1. Broken into sharp or irregular points; uneven; not smooth; rough. Example: BY and by, after a rugged climb, we halted on the summit of a hill which commanded a far-reaching view. 2. Not neat or regular; irregular, uneven. Example: Commercially produced yarn, such as rayon, produces a cloth with a smoother, shinier look than hand-spun cotton, but the uneven, rugged look of hand-spun cotton can be quite appealing. 3. Rough with bristly hair; shaggy. Example: His hair was light and rather thin; his face strong and rugged from exposure, and his eyes narrow and observant. 4. Strong, sturdy, well-built. Example: Many women and men delude themselves into thinking that only the hardest and most rugged man is attractive and to many it may be the case. 5. Rocky and bare of plantlife. Example: As the train wound along the river valleys through western Pennsylvania the scenery grew more rugged and the painted houses of Lancaster County gave way to dirty clapboard dwellings and shack homes clinging to the mountainside. Example: Hidden within 30,000 acres of rugged private land, the ranch is cocooned by peaks and canyons in all directions. 6. Harsh; austere; hard Labels: character 7. Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous 8. Harsh; grating; unpleasant sounding or looking 9. Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled Example: "Ah!" sighed the unimaginative Granby, and his honest, rugged face grew clouded. Pepper puffed in silence for a moment or two; then spoke. 10. Violent; rude; boisterous 11. Vigorous; robust; hardy Example: "Her gaze rested for a moment on the muscular neck, heavy corded, almost bull-like, bronzed by the sun, spilling over with rugged health and strength..." 12. Designed to reliably operate in harsh usage environments and conditions. Example: Psion, which supplies a range of rugged hand held computers, has lost nearly 2% after announcing a plunge into the red.
Word: rugged Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From rug + -ed. Pronunciation: /ɹʌɡd/ 1. Having a rug or rugs. Labels: not-comparable 2. Covered with a rug. Labels: not-comparable Example: Please put sharp objects on the rugged shelf.
Word: rugged Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From rug + -ed. Pronunciation: /ɹʌɡd/ 1. simple past and past participle of rug Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: ruthless Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *hrewwaną Proto-West Germanic *hreuwan Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Germanic *-ō Proto-West Germanic *-u Proto-West Germanic *hreuwu Old English hrēow Middle English rewe Middle English -the Old Norse hrygðinflu. Middle English reuþe Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der. Proto-Germanic *leusaną Proto-Germanic *lausaz Proto-Germanic *-lausaz Proto-West Germanic *-laus Old English -lēas Middle English -les Middle English reuþeles English ruthless From Middle English reuþeles; equivalent to ruth + -less. Pronunciation: /ˈɹuːθləs/ 1. Without pity or compassion; cruel, pitiless. Example: At length their rage the hoſtile Pow’rs reſtrain, / All but the ruthleſs Monarch of the Main. 2. Uncompromising; unrelenting. Example: Particular note, in this period, should be made of the actions of Joseph Denman, commander of the Northern Division of the Squadron, who went on an absolutely ruthless and systematic campaign along the African coast, burning so-called "slaving factories" to the ground and openly daring anyone who objected to try and stop him. Example: But the ruthless cleaning up of those streets and merciless treatment of gang members have triggered outrage and concern among human rights organizations, which have condemned Cecot as inhumane and unacceptable.
Word: sacrosanct Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin sacrōsānctus. Pronunciation: /ˈsæk.ɹoʊˌsæŋkt/ 1. Beyond alteration, criticism, or interference, especially due to religious sanction; inviolable. Labels: figuratively Example: It will be noted that pre-grouping routes between London and Scotland are no longer sacrosanct—for example, Glasgow St. Enoch trains no longer run necessarily to St. Pancras. Example: Closer investigation revealed these as millions of elaborate crypts a few meters below the surface, left by a long-extinct spacefaring species called the zeioph. Many human universities wish to perform archeological excavations. Council law holds grave sites as sacrosanct, however, and the matter has been tied up in court for a decade. 2. Sacred, very holy.
Word: sag Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From earlier sag, sagg, sack, from Middle English saggen, probably from Middle Low German sacken (“to sink, drift”), ultimately of North Germanic/Scandinavian/Old Norse origin, akin to Old Norse søkkva (“to sink”), from a denasalized derivative of Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną (“to sink”). Cognate with Scots seg (“to sink”), Danish sakke (“to lag behind”), Swedish sacka (“to lag”), Icelandic sakka (“to sink”), Faroese søkka (“to sink, drop down, descend, set”), Dutch zakken (“to fall, drop, sink”), German Low German sacken (“to sink”), and German sacken (“to sink”) (from Low German). Compare also Norwegian Nynorsk sagga (“to walk or move heavily and slowly”). Pronunciation: /sæɡ/, /saɡ/, /sæːɡ/, /sɛɡ/, /seɪ̯ɡ/ 1. The state of sinking or bending; a droop. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The difference in elevation of a wire, cable, chain or rope suspended between two consecutive points. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The difference in height or depth between the vertex and the rim of a curved surface, specifically used for optical elements such as a mirror or lens. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A place where the surface (of a seat, the earth, etc) sinks or droops, like a depression or a dip in a ridge. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: a mass of igneous rock […] shown as a semicircular area of shonkinite exposed in the west wall of the sag. From the valley below, it appears as a dark cliff, perhaps 100 feet in height and a few hundred yards long. Example: Gunsight Peak north of the sag marks the southern end of the Malad Range that extends into Idaho. Complexly faulted Cambrian and Ordovician shelf sedimentary rocks are present[…]