nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: roar Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English roren, raren, from Old English rārian (“to roar; wail; lament”), from Proto-West Germanic *rairōn, from Proto-Germanic *rairōną (“to bellow; roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to shout; bellow; yell; bark”), perhaps of imitative origin. Cognate with Saterland Frisian roorje (“to roar”), German röhren (“to roar”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɔː/, /ˈɹoɹ/, /ˈɹɔɹ/, /ˈɹo(ː)ɹ/, /ˈɹoə/ 1. To make a loud, deep cry, especially from pain, anger, or other strong emotion. Labels: intransitive Example: Sole on the barren ſands the ſuff'ring chief / Roar'd out for anguiſh, and indulg'd his grief. 2. To laugh in a particularly loud manner. Example: The audience roared at his jokes. 3. Of animals (especially a lion), to make a loud deep noise. Example: The lioness roared to scare off the hyenas. Example: Roaring bulls he would him make to tame. 4. Generally, of inanimate objects etc., to make a loud resounding noise. Example: The brazen throat of war had ceased to roar. Example: How oft I crossed where carts and coaches roar. 5. To proceed vigorously. Labels: figuratively Example: United's attempt to extend their unbeaten league sequence to 23 games this season looked to be in shreds as the Seasiders - managed by Ian Holloway - roared into a fully deserved two-goal lead at the interval. 6. To cry aloud; to proclaim loudly. Labels: transitive Example: This last action will roar thy infamy. Example: I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan. 7. To be boisterous; to be disorderly. Example: It was a mad, roaring time, full of extravagance. 8. To make a loud noise in breathing, as horses do when they have a certain disease. 9. To cry. Labels: Midlands, North, UK, Yorkshire, informal Example: Tom, Tom, the piper's son, Stole a pig, and away he run! The pig was eat, and Tom was beat, And Tom went roaring down the street.
Word: roar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English roren, raren, from Old English rārian (“to roar; wail; lament”), from Proto-West Germanic *rairōn, from Proto-Germanic *rairōną (“to bellow; roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to shout; bellow; yell; bark”), perhaps of imitative origin. Cognate with Saterland Frisian roorje (“to roar”), German röhren (“to roar”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɔː/, /ˈɹoɹ/, /ˈɹɔɹ/, /ˈɹo(ː)ɹ/, /ˈɹoə/ 1. A long, loud, deep shout, as of rage or laughter, made with the mouth wide open. 2. The cry of the lion. Example: The Winkies were not a brave people, but they had to do as they were told. So they marched away until they came near to Dorothy. Then the Lion gave a great roar and sprang towards them, and the poor Winkies were so frightened that they ran back as fast as they could. Example: Tarzan could imagine how old Numa’s eyes were shining—how he was already sucking in his breath for the awful roar which would freeze his prey for the brief instant between the moment of the spring and the sinking of terrible fangs into splintering bones. 3. The deep cry of the bull. 4. A loud resounding noise. Example: the roar of a motorbike Example: I stand amid the roar / Of a surf-tormented shore, / And I hold within my hand / Grains of the golden sand— 5. A show of strength or character.
Word: grunt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English grunten, from Old English grunnettan (“to grunt”), from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną (“to grunt”), frequentative of Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”). Cognate with German grunzen (“to grunt”), Danish grynte (“to grunt”). The noun senses are all instances of zero derivation from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɡɹʌnt/, /ɡɹʊnt/ 1. A short snorting sound, often to show disapproval, or used as a reply when one is reluctant to speak. Example: The stranger, with a comfortable kind of grunt over his pipe, put his legs up on the settle that he had to himself. 2. The snorting cry of a pig. 3. Any fish of the perciform family Haemulidae. 4. A person who does ordinary and boring work. 5. An infantry soldier. Labels: US, slang Example: The poges stare at the grunts as though the grunts were Hell's Angels at the ballet. Example: The events described are those encountered by only 160 men, though the adversity recounted is representative of that experienced by all grunts in Vietnam. 6. The amount of power of which a vehicle is capable. Labels: slang Example: The engine might not possess quite as much grunt as the later 24v six, but it delivers invigorating performance […] Example: With this much grunt, it is surprising that the engine is relatively quiet. 7. A dessert of steamed berries and dough, usually blueberries; blueberry grunt. Labels: Canada, US
Word: grunt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English grunten, from Old English grunnettan (“to grunt”), from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną (“to grunt”), frequentative of Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”). Cognate with German grunzen (“to grunt”), Danish grynte (“to grunt”). The noun senses are all instances of zero derivation from the verb. Pronunciation: /ɡɹʌnt/, /ɡɹʊnt/ 1. To make a grunt or grunts. Labels: intransitive Example: to grunt and sweat under a weary life Example: The silhouette sharpens and fades as the carving is moved before the flames of the hearth, its maker grunts in perfect imitation of the ancestor - a human-lioness in oestrus. 2. To make a grunt or grunts. Labels: intransitive 3. To break wind; to fart. Labels: UK, intransitive, slang Example: Who just grunted?
Word: chattel Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English chatel, from Old French chatel, from Medieval Latin capitāle (English capital), from Latin capitālis (“of the head”), from caput (“head”) + -alis (“-al”). Compare the doublet cattle (“cows”), which is from an Anglo-Norman variant. Compare also capital and kith and kine (“all one’s possessions”), which also use “cow” to mean “property”. Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃæt.l̩/ 1. Tangible, movable property. Example: […] although of course the firm had changed hands many times over the centuries, […] But the box has always been part of the chattels, as it were. 2. A slave. Example: Not all his servants and chattels are wraiths!
Word: tangible Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French tangible, from Late Latin tangibilis, from Latin tangere (“to touch”) Pronunciation: /ˈtæn.d͡ʒɪ.b(ə)l/, /ˈtæn.d͡ʒə.bəl/ 1. Touchable; able to be touched or felt; perceptible by the sense of touch. 2. Perceptible; able to be perceived. Example: While the SCP universe is, of course, filled with things that we would certainly not consider "real", most of the SCPs are tangible or perceivable in some way. 3. Able to be treated as fact; real or concrete. Example: And for Rodgers, who cleaned up with Celtic in Scotland, this was another significant addition to his CV, as his expert guidance of Leicester - who are in a strong position to finish in the Premier League's top four and face Chelsea again at Stamford Bridge on Tuesday - now has a tangible reward in the shape of the FA Cup. Example: Leaders say they have struggled with the latest generation's tangible challenges, including being late to work and meetings often, not wearing office-appropriate clothing, and [not] using language appropriate for the workspace. 4. Comprehensible by the mind; understandable.
Word: tangible Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French tangible, from Late Latin tangibilis, from Latin tangere (“to touch”) Pronunciation: /ˈtæn.d͡ʒɪ.b(ə)l/, /ˈtæn.d͡ʒə.bəl/ 1. A physical object; something that can be touched. 2. Real or concrete results. Example: Yes, but what are the tangibles?
Word: fils Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French fils (“son”). Pronunciation: /ˈfiːs/ 1. Used after a proper name that is common to a father and his son to indicate that the son is being referred to rather than the father. Labels: not-comparable
Word: fils Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French fils (“son”). Pronunciation: /ˈfiːs/ 1. The son referred to in the manner of the adjective above. Labels: rare
Word: fils Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Arabic فلس. Doublet of fool. Pronunciation: /fɪls/ 1. Subdivision of currency used in many Arab countries.
Word: klavern Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of Klan + tavern. 1. A local unit of the Ku Klux Klan. Example: “I read a story about the klan in a national magazine. I decided, just for kicks, to see if I could obtain membership. Well, I got my membership card. And I was also appointed ‘Great Titan’ to organize and set up a klavern [local unit] here in Idaho.”
Word: Ku Klux Klan Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”) and clan, split syllabically into three words, with the first letter of clan changing to a 'k' in order to match the initial letters of the previous two words. Pronunciation: /ˌku klʌks ˈklæn/, /ˌkuː klʌks ˈklæn/, /ˌkuː klʊks ˈklan/, /ˌkʉ klʌks ˈklan/ 1. An American white supremacist secret society and terrorist organization. Example: The very suspicion of seditious utterances against the government, suspected complicity in the Ku Klux Klan, or complaint by a negro that a white man had been uppity to him were enough to land a citizen in jail.
Word: materialistic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English material Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English -istic English materialistic From material + -istic. Pronunciation: /məˌtɪəɹ.i.əˈlɪs.tɪk/ 1. Being overly concerned with material possessions and wealth. Example: Where American Jewish men contend with stereotypes of being oversexed, needy, nebbishy and neurotic (like Woody Allen, boo hiss), Jewish women are cast as withholding, bossy, exotic, and materialistic (like Fran Drescher, which honestly? Goals). 2. Synonym of materialist, of or concerning materialism. Example: But to me his very spiritualism seemed more materialistic than his physics.
Word: materialism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French matérialisme. By surface analysis, material + -ism. Pronunciation: /məˈtɪɹiəlɪzəm/, /məˈtɪəɹiəlɪzəm/ 1. Constant concern over material possessions and wealth; a great or excessive regard for worldly concerns. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We accept that a third of the population live on the poverty line. We accept that only a handful of the most exceptional of the children of the poor will make it through to a third-level education. We accept massive examples of greed and dishonesty in public life. We except the values of materialism. What do we expect then—to be left un-harassed, we who have all the privileges? 2. The philosophical belief that nothing exists beyond what is physical. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The result of the labours of philosophy appeared to be a total scepticism on the most important subjects of hu man duty and expectation. The irregular fears of a future state had been supplanted by the materialism of Epicurus; and this system—if system it may be called, which left them without a God, a providence, a morality, or a retribution—was the fashionable philosophy of the more cultivated classes. Example: Medical materialism seems indeed a good appellation for the too simple-minded system of thought which we are considering. ... All such mental over-tensions, it says, are, when you come to the bottom of the matter, mere affairs of diathesis (auto-intoxications most probably), due to the perverted action of various glands which physiology will yet discover. 3. Synonym of matter, material substances in the aggregate. Labels: countable, obsolete, rare, uncountable
Word: guile Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English gile, from Anglo-Norman gile, from Old French guile (“deception”), from Frankish *wīl (“ruse”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate via Proto-Germanic with wile. Pronunciation: /ɡaɪl/ 1. Astuteness often marked by a certain sense of cunning or artful deception. Labels: uncountable Example: It was a result that owed a lot to a moment of guile from Ramires but more to a display of guts from the Brazilian and his team-mates after Terry's needless dismissal eight minutes before half-time for driving a knee into the back of Alexis Sanchez off the ball. Example: Estonia were struggling to get to grips with the game while Ireland were showing a composure and guile that demonstrated their experience in play-off ties. 2. Deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!
Word: guile Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English gile, from Anglo-Norman gile, from Old French guile (“deception”), from Frankish *wīl (“ruse”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate via Proto-Germanic with wile. Pronunciation: /ɡaɪl/ 1. To deceive, beguile, bewile. Example: Who means no guile, be guiled soonest shall
Word: guile Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant forms. 1. Obsolete form of gold. Labels: alt-of, obsolete 2. Alternative form of gyle. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: layoff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Deverbal from lay off. 1. A dismissal of employees from their jobs because of tightened budgetary constraints or work shortage (not due to poor performance or misconduct). Labels: US 2. A period of time when someone is unavailable for work. Example: One of the muscles on the point of the shoulder was torn loose and it didn't need more than a glance to see that Mr. Hickey was in for a long lay-off. He wouldn't pitch again for quite a spell, if ever; Example: But even the return of skipper Steven Gerrard from a six-week injury layoff could not inspire Liverpool 3. A short pass that has been rolled in front of another player for them to kick. Labels: UK 4. A bet that is laid off, i.e. placed with another bookmaker in order to reduce risk.
Word: overall Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English overall, overal, from Old English ofer eall, ofer ealle (“over all”), equivalent to over + all. Compare Saterland Frisian oural, uural (“everywhere”), West Frisian oeral (“everywhere”), Dutch overal (“everywhere”), German Low German overall, överall (“everywhere; all over”), German überall (“all over; everywhere”), Danish overalt (“everywhere”), Swedish överallt (“everywhere; overall”). Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈɹɔːl/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɔl/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɑl/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɒl/ 1. All-encompassing, all around. Example: We believe also that a controlled economy cannot be understood without some overall view of the controlling institutions: hence our short studies — shorter by far than the original drafts — of the central administration. Example: "The cranium is clearly plesiomorphic in overall form, presenting primitive traits shared by earlier hominins," the authors wrote.
Word: overall Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English overall, overal, from Old English ofer eall, ofer ealle (“over all”), equivalent to over + all. Compare Saterland Frisian oural, uural (“everywhere”), West Frisian oeral (“everywhere”), Dutch overal (“everywhere”), German Low German overall, överall (“everywhere; all over”), German überall (“all over; everywhere”), Danish overalt (“everywhere”), Swedish överallt (“everywhere; overall”). Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈɹɔːl/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɔl/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɑl/, /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɒl/ 1. Generally; in general. Labels: not-comparable Example: Overall, there is not enough evidence to form a clear conclusion. 2. Considering or taking into account everything. Labels: not-comparable Example: The frozen foods side of the business overall saw a loss.
Word: overall Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English overall, overal, from Old English ofer eall, ofer ealle (“over all”), equivalent to over + all. Compare Saterland Frisian oural, uural (“everywhere”), West Frisian oeral (“everywhere”), Dutch overal (“everywhere”), German Low German overall, överall (“everywhere; all over”), German überall (“all over; everywhere”), Danish overalt (“everywhere”), Swedish överallt (“everywhere; overall”). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊ.və.ɹɔːl/, /ˈoʊ.vɚ.ɔl/, /ˈoʊ.vɚ.ɑl/, /ˈoʊ.vɚ.ɒl/ 1. A garment worn over other clothing to protect it; a coverall or boiler suit. A garment, for manual labor or for casual wear, often made of a single piece of fabric, with long legs and a bib upper, supported from the shoulders with straps, and having several large pockets and loops for carrying tools. Labels: UK 2. A garment, worn for manual labor, with an integral covering extending to the chest, supported by straps. Labels: US, in-plural
Word: overalls Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈoʊvəɹɔːlz/, /ˈɐʉv(ə)ɹəlz/ 1. A loose-fitting garment worn over regular clothes to protect them. Labels: UK, plural, plural-only 2. Loose-fitting pants with supporting cross-straps and a panel of material in the chest (called a bib), often associated with farm work. Labels: Australia, Canada, US, plural, plural-only Example: That concertina was a wonder in its way. The handles that was on it first was wore out long ago, and he'd made new ones of braided rope yarn. And the bellows was patched in more places than a cranberry picker's overalls. 3. Trousers traditionally worn by cavalry. Labels: UK, plural, plural-only
Word: overalls Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈoʊvəɹɔːlz/, /ˈɐʉv(ə)ɹəlz/ 1. plural of overall Labels: form-of, plural
Word: overbearing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From overbear (“to bear down (on)”) + -ing. 1. present participle and gerund of overbear Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: overbearing Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From overbear (“to bear down (on)”) + -ing. 1. Overly bossy, domineering, arrogant, forceful, intense, or annoying. Example: In the same year, 1844, negotiations were begun to strengthen the North Union's position by an amalgamation with the Liverpool & Manchester and Grand Junction companies, but at the eleventh hour the shareholders took exception to the rather overbearing ways of the Grand Junction, and backed out.
Word: sabotage Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French sabotage. Pronunciation: /ˈsæ.bəˌtɑːʒ/, /ˈsæ.bɒˌtɑːʒ/, /sæ.bɒˈtɑːʒ/, /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/, /ˌsæb.əˈtɑʒ/ 1. A deliberate action aimed at weakening someone (or something, a nation, etc) or preventing them from being successful, through subversion, obstruction, disruption, and/or destruction. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: sabotage Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French sabotage. Pronunciation: /ˈsæ.bəˌtɑːʒ/, /ˈsæ.bɒˌtɑːʒ/, /sæ.bɒˈtɑːʒ/, /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/, /ˌsæb.əˈtɑʒ/ 1. To deliberately destroy or damage something in order to prevent it from being successful. Example: The railway line had been sabotaged by enemy commandos. Example: Our plans were sabotaged.
Word: saboteur Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Middle French savate French sabot Proto-Italic *-āzi ▲ Latin -ereinflu. Latin -āre Old French -ier Middle French -er French -er French saboter French -eur French saboteurbor. English saboteur Borrowed from French saboteur. Pronunciation: /ˌsæbəˈtɜː(ɹ)/, /ˌsæbəˈtʊə(ɹ)/ 1. A person who intentionally causes the destruction of property in order to hinder the efforts of their enemy.
Word: vandalism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French vandalisme, first used by Henri Grégoire to decry the pillage and destruction of art in the course of the French Revolution, in reference to the East Germanic tribe of the Vandals, which looted Rome in 455. By surface analysis, vandal + -ism. Pronunciation: /ˈvændəlɪzm̩/ 1. Willful damage to or destruction of any property, such as graffiti or defacement. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: As we turned down the street I was appalled by the vandalism: spray paint and smashed windows that were everywhere. Example: Bradford once boasted two stations with overall roofs. The pair were swept away in the 1970s in an act of corporate and civic vandalism.
Word: vandal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1660s, “willful destroyer of what is beautiful or venerable”, from Vandal, referring to a member of an ancient Germanic people, the Vandals, who are associated with senseless destruction as a result of their sack of Rome under King Genseric in 455. During the Enlightenment, Rome was idealized, while the Goths and Vandals were blamed for its destruction. The Vandals may not have been any more destructive than other invaders of ancient times, but they did inspire English poet John Dryden to write, Till Goths, and Vandals, a rude Northern race, Did all the matchless Monuments deface (1694). However, the Vandals did intentionally damage statues, which may be why their name is associated with the vandalism of art. The coining of French Vandalisme by Henri Grégoire in 1794 to describe the destruction of artwork following the French Revolution popularized the idea further, and the term was quickly adopted across Europe, including as English vandalism. Pronunciation: /ˈvændəl/ 1. A person who needlessly destroys, defaces, or damages things, especially other people's property. Example: Vandals spray-painted obscenities on the side of the building. Example: The anonymous vandal was blocked after going on a vandalism spree.
Word: vandalize Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English vandal Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English vandalize From vandal + -ize. Pronunciation: /ˈvændəlaɪz/ 1. American, Canadian, and Oxford British English standard spelling of vandalise.
Word: varmint Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Dialectal form of vermin, derived from Latin vermis (“worm”), c. 1530–1540s. Perhaps influenced by Latin vargus (“bandit, outlaw, scoundrel”), though the pronunciation in /ɑː(ɹ)/ is more likely due to the same lowering of /ɛr/ > /ar/ found in carve < Middle English kerven and starve < Middle English sterven. The final syllable is probably altered after -ment; compare parchment < Middle English parchemyn. Pronunciation: /ˈvɑːmɪnt/, /ˈvɑɹmɪnt/ 1. A pestilent or predatory ground-borne animal, especially one that kills or harasses a farmer's animals or crops. Example: Its windows were merely open spaces in the walls, which in the summertime were covered with greasy strips of cheesecloth to keep out the varmints that feasted on Maycomb’s refuse. The varmints had a lean time of it,[…] 2. An obnoxious person or troublemaker. Labels: broadly Example: You'd be but a fierce young hound indeed, if at your time of life you could help to hunt a wretched warmint, hunted as near death and dunghill as this poor wretched warmint is!
Word: vermin Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English vermyn, vermyne, from Old French vermine, from Vulgar Latin *verminum (“vermin”), collective noun formed from Latin vermis (“worm”). Compare vermiculate and vermivorous. See also worm. Pronunciation: /ˈvɜːmɪn/, [ˈvɜːmɪn], /ˈvɝmɪn/, [ˈvɝmɪn] 1. Any of various common types of small insects or other animals which cause harm and annoyance. Labels: plural, singular Example: The area was crawling with all sorts of vermin: fleas, lice, mice, and rats to name a few. Thus, we felt as if vermin were crawling over us. Example: Vermin was everywhere; night and day it crawled gaily over the walls and ceiling, about our bodies, and into our very food, and, although the subject did not interest us, a naturalist would have delighted in the ever-changing varieties of insect life. 2. An animal that preys on game, such as a fox or a weasel. Labels: plural, singular 3. An obnoxious or mean and offensive person. Labels: plural, singular Example: Bring these vermin to the Palace of Justice.
Word: callus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin callum (“hard skin”). Displaced Old English wearr. Pronunciation: /ˈkæləs/ 1. A hardened area of the skin (especially on the foot or hand) caused by repeated friction, wear or use. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Sylvanshine had once been on a first date with a Xerox rep who had complex and slightly repulsive patterns of callus on her fingers from playing the banjo semi-professionally 2. The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistency, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The new formation over the end of a cutting, before it puts out rootlets. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. In orchids, a fleshy outgrowth from the labellum. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. In grasses, a hardened extension from the base of a floret, which may or may not elongate and is often covered in hairs or bristles. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A shining area on the frons of many species of Tabanomorpha (horse flies and relatives). Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: callus Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Latin callum (“hard skin”). Displaced Old English wearr. Pronunciation: /ˈkæləs/ 1. To form such hardened tissue. Labels: intransitive
Word: vellum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French velin (French vélin), from Latin vitulinus (“of a calf”), as if derived from Old French veel (“veal”). Pronunciation: /ˈvɛləm/ 1. A type of parchment paper made from the skin of a lamb, baby goat, or calf. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Little, however, of the wall was seen, for it was nearly hidden by the arched book-cases; and the ponderous tomes, mostly bound in black or white vellum, long since grown dingy with age, contrasted forcibly with the gayer ornaments of their habitation. Example: From this list are purposely omitted books printed upon vellum, Books of Hours of the Virgin Mary, and illuminated books; for these are rarities within reach of the wealthy only. 2. A writing paper of very high quality. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Velcro Part of Speech: name Etymology: Blend of French velours (“velvet”) + French crochet (“hook”). Pronunciation: /ˈvɛlkɹoʊ/, /ˈvɛlkɹəʊ/ 1. A fastener consisting of two strips of fabric, one covered with minute fiber hooks and the other with tiny fiber loops, which stick strongly together but can be pulled apart.
Word: Velcro Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Blend of French velours (“velvet”) + French crochet (“hook”). Pronunciation: /ˈvɛlkɹoʊ/, /ˈvɛlkɹəʊ/ 1. To fasten with Velcro. Example: He was standing on a chair Velcroing red balloons to himself. Example: He had a seat in a leather recliner and hit the remote, which he had Velcroed to the chair.
Word: World War I Part of Speech: name 1. The war from 1914 to 1918 between the Entente Powers of the British Empire, Russian Empire, France, Italy, the United States and other allied nations, against the Central Powers represented by the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. Example: It dates back to the 17th century and rose into prominence during the uprisings in the 18th century that produced the American and French revolutions. But the word attained more of a negative connotation during the 20th century as it become associated with the nationalism movements in Europe that helped lead to World War I and World War II.
Word: cotton wool Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈkɒtən wʊl/ 1. Raw fibers of cotton before being processed. Labels: US, uncountable, usually 2. Soft, absorbent cotton for medical or cosmetic use, protective padding, etc. Labels: UK, uncountable, usually
Word: socker Part of Speech: noun 1. Dated spelling of soccer. Labels: uncountable
Word: Cerrobend Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Commercial name. 1. A eutectic alloy of bismuth, lead, tin, and cadmium which has a low melting point. Labels: uncountable
Word: eutectic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὔτηκτος (eútēktos, “easily melted”), from εὖ (eû, “well”) + τήκω (tḗkō, “to melt”). Coined as an adjective (along with the noun eutexia) by British scientist Frederick Guthrie in 1884. Pronunciation: /juˈtɛk.tɪk/ 1. Describing the chemical composition or temperature of a mixture of substances that gives the lowest temperature at which the mixture becomes fully molten. A further requirement is that that temperature is lower than the melting point of any of the pure component substances. Labels: not-comparable 2. Describing the thermodynamic equilibrium conditions where a liquid coexists with two solid phases. Labels: not-comparable Example: For a mixture with two components at a fixed pressure, the eutectic reaction can only happen at a fixed chemical composition and temperature, called the eutectic point.
Word: eutectic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὔτηκτος (eútēktos, “easily melted”), from εὖ (eû, “well”) + τήκω (tḗkō, “to melt”). Coined as an adjective (along with the noun eutexia) by British scientist Frederick Guthrie in 1884. Pronunciation: /juˈtɛk.tɪk/ 1. A material that has the composition of a eutectic mixture or eutectic alloy. 2. The temperature of the eutectic point.
Word: African Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Attested as a noun in early New English Aphricane, Africans (plural), Middle English as Affrican, Aufrican and Old English as Africanas (“Africans”) (only plural). From Latin āfricānae, from āfricānus, from Āfricus. The adjective appears in the 16th century, as Affricane, Africane, African. Latin Āfricus is from Āfri (singular Āfer), the name of an ancient people of North Africa (near Carthage, in Tunisia), with the suffix -icus. āfricānus is formed by addition of the -ānus suffix. By surface analysis, Africa + -an. Pronunciation: /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/, /ˈæf.ɹə.kən/ 1. Of or pertaining to Africa. Example: Spain’s Melilla, one of two small exclaves of EU land on the African continent, has long been the strongest distillation of fortress Europe. 2. Black; (dated, offensive) synonym of negroid. Example: The truth is that I know the guy had African skin and a shirt of some sort. Example: In vivo and in vitro approaches in understanding the differences between Caucasian and African skin types: […]
Word: African Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Attested as a noun in early New English Aphricane, Africans (plural), Middle English as Affrican, Aufrican and Old English as Africanas (“Africans”) (only plural). From Latin āfricānae, from āfricānus, from Āfricus. The adjective appears in the 16th century, as Affricane, Africane, African. Latin Āfricus is from Āfri (singular Āfer), the name of an ancient people of North Africa (near Carthage, in Tunisia), with the suffix -icus. āfricānus is formed by addition of the -ānus suffix. By surface analysis, Africa + -an. Pronunciation: /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/, /ˈæf.ɹə.kən/ 1. A native of Africa; also one ethnologically belonging to an African race. Example: Africans constitute significantly growing populations not only in major urban centers such as New York, Washington, D.C., Chicago, Los Angeles, Houston, and Atlanta but also in small and midsize cities in states such as Ohio and Maine. Example: But new research suggests another possibility: all Africans may have ancestry from “West Eurasian” populations which moved back into Africa after the “Out of Africa” event ~50,000 years ago.[…]
Word: aft Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Old English æftan (“behind”); possibly originally superlative of of (“off”). See after. Pronunciation: /ɑːft/, /æft/, /ɐːft/ 1. At, near, or towards the stern of a vessel (with the frame of reference within the vessel). Example: I came safe on board, but I felt anything but easy about the boat and the boy; my thoughts were not where they should be, for every moment I had to give the boat and the boy a look, and at last I saw a sea strike the boat aft, which gave it a send forward and under, and the next moment he was gone.
Word: aft Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Old English æftan (“behind”); possibly originally superlative of of (“off”). See after. Pronunciation: /ɑːft/, /æft/, /ɐːft/ 1. located at the back of a boat, ship, or airplane
Word: aft Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of afternoon. Pronunciation: /ɑːft/, /æft/, /ɐːft/ 1. Alternative form of afternoon: the time of day from noon until early evening. Labels: alt-of, alternative, dated, slang Example: A gents' toilet room might be found in a house that caters for the cheaper class of theatrical patronage, where the slangy language of the "goin' to the mat this aft?" style prevails. A gents toilet room is not found in the Southern Hotel. It either "men's" or "gentlemen's". Example: There's gonna be an announcement later this aft, but he's targeting vulnerable people like yourselves, alright?
Word: afternoon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English afternone, after-non, equivalent to after- + noon. Pronunciation: /ˌɑːf.təˈnuːn/, /ˌaf.təˈnuːn/, /ˌaf.təɾˈnʉn/, /ˌæf.tɚˈnun/ 1. The part of the day from noon or lunchtime until sunset, evening, or suppertime or 6pm. Example: Theſe men ſerue God in the forenoone, and the diuell in the after noone; Example: The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track. The three returned wondering and charmed with Mrs. Cooke; they were sure she had had no hand in the furnishing of that atrocious house. 2. The later part of anything, often with implications of decline. Labels: figuratively Example: Buck.[…]Theſe both put by a poore petitioner A care-crazd mother of a many children, A beauty-waining and diſtreſſed widow, Euen in the afternoone of her beſt daies Made priſe and purchaſe of his luſtfull eye, Seduc t the pitch and height of al his thoughts, To baſe declenſion and loathd bigamie, By her in his vnlawfull bed he got. 3. A party or social event held in the afternoon. Labels: informal
Word: afternoon Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English afternone, after-non, equivalent to after- + noon. Pronunciation: /ˌɑːf.təˈnuːn/, /ˌaf.təˈnuːn/, /ˌaf.təɾˈnʉn/, /ˌæf.tɚˈnun/ 1. In the afternoon. Labels: archaic, not-comparable, singular Example: I stayd at home till noone, and recᵈ of Crowders for 3 loods of shilling 2l. 8s.; and afternoone I went with my wife to Wakefeild, where by yᵉ way I spent at Toppitt 8d., and wee lay at Jackson’s all night. Example: Afterwards […] they adjourned the court till two in the afternoon, and so went to prayers. Afternoon they called over the names of the rest of the college, demys, chaplains, &c.
Word: afternoon Part of Speech: intj Etymology: From Middle English afternone, after-non, equivalent to after- + noon. Pronunciation: /ˌɑːf.təˈnuːn/, /ˌaf.təˈnuːn/, /ˌaf.təɾˈnʉn/, /ˌæf.tɚˈnun/ 1. Ellipsis of good afternoon. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis
Word: afterthought Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep(o)teros Proto-Germanic *after Old English æfter Middle English after English after ▲ Old English æfter Old English æfter- Middle English after- English after- Proto-Indo-European *teng-der. Proto-Germanic *þankijaną Proto-Germanic *þanhtaz Proto-West Germanic *þą̄ht Old English þōht Middle English thought English thought English afterthought From after- + thought, probably modelled on forethought. Compare also the verb afterthink. Pronunciation: /ˈæft.ɚ.θɔt/ 1. A reflection after an act; a later or subsequent thought, action, or expedient. Example: She packed her sandals only as an afterthought, but she was glad she did. 2. Something additional to the original plan or concept. Example: This whole remodeling was an afterthought; we were only going to paint and call it good. Example: The lighting in the corridor just dabbles of arcs, afterthoughts, smears. The light a grime that gives him a slight headache. The same type as when it has rained, remained humid, a fetid stale of ozone over everything.
Word: afterthought Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep(o)teros Proto-Germanic *after Old English æfter Middle English after English after ▲ Old English æfter Old English æfter- Middle English after- English after- Proto-Indo-European *teng-der. Proto-Germanic *þankijaną Proto-Germanic *þanhtaz Proto-West Germanic *þą̄ht Old English þōht Middle English thought English thought English afterthought From after- + thought, probably modelled on forethought. Compare also the verb afterthink. Pronunciation: /ˈæft.ɚ.θɔt/ 1. To expound as an afterthought. Labels: nonstandard, possibly
Word: afterthought Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of afterthink Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: afterwards Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English afterwardes, from Old English æfteweard (“behind”) + -s (“(adverbial genitive)”). By surface analysis, after + -wards. Pronunciation: /ˈɑːftə.wədz/, /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ 1. At a later or succeeding time; after that; Labels: not-comparable Example: Another Karadeniz cross led to Cudicini's first save of the night, with the Spurs keeper making up for a weak punch by brilliantly pushing away Christian Noboa's snap-shot. Two more top-class stops followed quickly afterwards, first from Natcho's rasping shot which was heading into the top corner, and then to deny Ryazantsev at his near post.
Word: agape Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From a- + gape. First known use by John Milton in Paradise Lost (1667). Pronunciation: /əˈɡeɪp/ 1. In a state of astonishment, wonder, expectation, or eager attention; as with mouth hanging open. Example: […] in himself was all his state, More solemn then the tedious pomp that waits On Princes, when thir rich Retinue long Of Horses led, and Grooms besmeard with Gold Dazles the croud, and sets them all agape. Example: There I stand, agape like any country bumpkin 2. Wide open. Example: With his mouth agape and his hands clenched, Rufus Dawes, incapable of further speech, made a last effort to nod assent, but his head fell upon his breast; the next moment, the flickering light, the gloomy prison, the eager face of the doctor, and the astonished face of Vickers, vanished from before his straining eyes. Example: He tries not to tear his victim's stockings, or whip too close to her stretched vulva, which shivers, unprotected, between thighs agape and straining, amid movements of muscle erotic, subdued, “monumental” as any silver memory of her body on film.
Word: agape Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From a- + gape. First known use by John Milton in Paradise Lost (1667). Pronunciation: /əˈɡeɪp/ 1. In a state of astonishment, wonder, expectation, or eager attention. Example: Three of us--two biologists and I--were crouched behind a huge boulder at the water's edge and staring agape as the largest bear I ever saw came toward us Example: "This is Sammy 91," he told the two dozen tourists watching agape." 2. Open wide. Example: Its mouth yawned agape Example: The bathroom door stood agape, and the peeling vinyl floor was bare.
Word: agape Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀγάπη (agápē). Pronunciation: /əˈɡɑː.peɪ/, /ˈæɡ.ɑˌpeɪ/, /ˈæɡ.ə.pi/, /ˈæɡ.əˌpeɪ/ 1. The love of God for mankind, or the benevolent love of Christians for others. Labels: uncountable 2. Spiritual, altruistic, beneficial love which wills good for others. Labels: uncountable 3. A love feast, especially one held in the early Christian Church in connection with the Eucharist. Labels: countable
Word: agate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French agathe, from Latin achatēs, from Ancient Greek ἀχάτης (akhátēs, “agate”). Pronunciation: /ˈæɡ.ɪt/, /ˈæɡ.ət/ 1. A semitransparent, uncrystallized silicate mineral and semiprecious stone, presenting various tints in the same specimen, with colors delicately arranged and often curved in parallel alternating dark and light stripes or bands, or blended in clouds; various authorities call it a variety of chalcedony, a variety of quartz, or a combination of the two. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The ends of the veil, drawn over her head, were embroidered with silver; she had long gold ear-rings; to a rich and large gold chain was suspended a cross set with precious stones; and over the arm of her chair hung a rosary of agate beads. Example: Yes: living among the cohabations^([sic]) of Faust himself, among the litharge and agate and hyacinth and pearls. 2. The size of type between pearl and nonpareil, standardized as 5+¹⁄₂-point. Labels: US, dated, uncountable 3. One fourteenth of an inch. Labels: countable 4. A diminutive person; so called in allusion to the small figures cut in agate for rings and seals. Labels: countable, obsolete 5. A tool used by gold-wire drawers, bookbinders, etc.;—so called from the agate fixed in it for burnishing. Labels: countable 6. A marble made from agate. Labels: countable 7. A testicle. Labels: countable, plural-normally, slang, uncountable
Word: agate Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Late Middle English agate, a gate. Equivalent to a- (“on”) + gate (“way, path”). Pronunciation: /əˈɡeɪt/ 1. On the way; agoing. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: Go to it then hardily, and let us be agate. Example: I'm fear'd you have some ill plans agate.
Word: so-so Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English so so, from Old English swā swā, equivalent to so + so. Compare Dutch zozo (“so-so”), German soso (“so-so”), Norwegian så som så (“so-so”). Pronunciation: /ˈsəʊˌsəʊ/, /ˌsəʊˈsəʊ/ 1. Neither good nor bad; tolerable, passable, indifferent. Labels: informal, not-comparable Example: The dessert was pretty good, but the meal was so-so. Example: [I]n ſome Iriſh Houſes, vvhere things are ſo-ſo, / One Gammon of Bacon hangs up for a ſhow; […]
Word: so-so Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English so so, from Old English swā swā, equivalent to so + so. Compare Dutch zozo (“so-so”), German soso (“so-so”), Norwegian så som så (“so-so”). Pronunciation: /ˈsəʊˌsəʊ/, /ˌsəʊˈsəʊ/ 1. Neither very well nor very poorly. Labels: informal, not-comparable Example: He performed so-so during the tryouts, and the coach was undecided whether to add him to the team or not.
Word: aged Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /eɪdʒd/ 1. Old. Example: I knocked on the door and an aged man opened it. Example: The hanging-bowl lampshade in marbled glass was two decades pre-war – the kind that marked out aged people. 2. Having the age of. Example: Aged 18, he had no idea what to do with his life. Example: John Mathews, aged about 18, stood at the bar with his hands in his pockets, alike indifferent to a verdict of acquittal or guilty. 3. Having undergone the improving effects of time; matured. Example: aged whiskey Example: The Lethrblaka's blood, to Eragon's astonishment, was a metallic blue-green, not unlike the verdigris that forms on aged copper.
Word: aged Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈeɪ.dʒɪd/, /eɪdʒd/ 1. Old people, collectively. Labels: collective, plural, plural-only, with-definite-article Example: the aged Example: health insurance and retirement income for the aged
Word: aged Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /eɪdʒd/ 1. simple past and past participle of age Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: jumpy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English jump Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English jumpy From jump + -y. Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒʌmpi/ 1. Nervous and excited. Example: It was the butler who saw him go. Twelve o'clock at night and raining hard. So next night I was up at the house and, sure enough, master was off again. Stephens and I went after him, but it was jumpy work, for it would have been a bad job if he had seen us. Example: "I wish it was well over," admitted Hollyer. "I'm not particularly jumpy, but this gives me a touch of the creeps." 2. Tending to jump; full of jumps. Example: Near-synonym: saltatory Example: We moved at a good clip, so I reached up to pull shut the window coverings, just in case this jumpy frog decided to escape.
Word: joker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From joke + -er, but in the sense of a playing card possibly by alteration of German Jucker, also the origin of the name of the card game euchre. Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒəʊkə/, /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɚ/ 1. A person who makes jokes. 2. A funny person. Labels: slang 3. A jester. 4. A playing card that features a picture of a joker (that is, a jester) and that may be used as a wild card in some card games. 5. Something kept in reserve that can be used to gain an advantage; a trump card. Labels: figuratively Example: Rebus decided to use their joker. 'Mr Lintz made a phone call to this office. He was talking for over twenty minutes.' Example: Tash Wilson played her 'joker' , pulling her chair so close our legs were almost touching. 'Hey, Chris, do you want to go out sometime? All you've got to do is say the word.' 6. An unspecified, vaguely disreputable person. Example: Some joker keeps throwing eggs at my windows. 7. An unspecified, vaguely disreputable person. Example: Don't waste your breath on these jokers round here. 8. A man. Labels: New-Zealand, colloquial 9. A clause in a contract that undermines its apparent provisions. Example: Discussion of contracts and the many provisions contained therein led to a vote making it the sense of the convention that manufacturers should use a simple sales contract, free from jokers. Example: Then, sir, on page 12 of the agreement there is a joker clause, which provides for payments in addition to the ten per cent, […] 10. A friendly unit that acts as a suspected hostile unit in a military excercise. Example: Joker - A friendly track or contact acting as a "suspect" track for exercise purposes only. (STANAG 1241) 11. The option, in a pub quiz, of selecting one particular round in which one's team will score double points. Example: We used our joker as soon as the topic of sports was announced, since we are sport experts. 12. A fairy chess piece that moves like the last piece that was moved by the opponent. Example: The problem is that it would be difficult to use a joker offensively since you could never know how it was going to move, meaning it’d be most useful setting it up for potential queen/rook captures to disincentivize your opponent from moving those pieces.