nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: moustache Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Used in English since the 16th century. From Middle French moustache from Italian mostaccio, from Early Medieval Latin mustācium, from Byzantine Greek μουστάκιον (moustákion), diminutive of (Doric) Ancient Greek μύσταξ (mústax, “upper lip”), of unknown origin (probably a Pre-Greek substrate). Replaced native English kemp (“moustache”), from Old English cenep. Pronunciation: /məˈstɑːʃ/, /məˈstɒʃ/, /məˈstæʃ/, /ˈmʌstæʃ/, /məˈstaːʃ/ 1. A growth of facial hair between the nose and the upper lip. Example: A moment later there entered a tall thin Englishman with a great moustache, which was a rare thing amid that clean-shaven race. Example: “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron;[…]. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, and from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache. 2. A curly bracket, { or }. Labels: informal Example: In this example, the first is a string of text that contains the name property in double curly brackets (or “mustaches”)—this is the syntax for a tag.
Word: née Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French née (“born”, feminine singular). Doublet of nada, natal, Natal, and Noel. Pronunciation: /neɪ/ 1. Used when giving the maiden name of a woman. Labels: not-comparable Example: Mrs Smith, née Jones Example: 1891, A Scandal in Bohemia, Arthur Conan Doyle Irene Norton, née Adler. 2. Used when giving a former name. Originally known as. Labels: not-comparable Example: Since the name change, Butch (née Frances) seems more tough and self-assured.
Word: big ups Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of big up Labels: form-of, plural
Word: né Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French né, from Old French né, from Latin nātus, perfect active participle of nāscor (“to be born”). Doublet of nada. Pronunciation: /neɪ/ 1. Used when giving the former name of a man. Labels: not-comparable, uncommon Example: Sting, né Gordon Sumner Example: It remained in the custody of Mr Svlad, or "Dirk", Gently, né Cjelli. 2. Used when giving a man's name of birth, which was legally changed after. Labels: not-comparable, uncommon
Word: né Part of Speech: particle Etymology: Borrowed from Afrikaans nee. Pronunciation: /neɪ/ 1. Yeah? not so? hey? Labels: South-Africa Example: so I saw this girl né, and I wanted to talk to her...
Word: risotto Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Italian risotto, from riso (“rice”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈzoʊtoʊ/, /ɹɪˈzɒtəʊ/ 1. An Italian savoury dish made with rice and other ingredients. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The secret to a creamy risotto is letting the rice absorb one cup of broth at a time. Example: Risotti are another Alvaro passion, and there’s a different special each week, as well as a legendary strawberry risotto in season. 2. A similar dish made without rice. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: a pearl barley risotto
Word: pollen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin pollen (“fine flour”), used by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century to describe the spores produced in the anthers of flowers. Pronunciation: /ˈpɒlən/, /ˈpɑlən/ 1. A fine, granular substance produced in flowers. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. Pollen grains (microspores) produced in the anthers of flowering plants. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: In plants, the ability to recognize self from nonself plays an important role in fertilization, because self-fertilization will result in less diverse offspring than fertilization with pollen from another individual. 3. Fine powder in general, fine flour. Labels: obsolete, uncountable, usually Example: and ther was good wyne of Gascoyne,[…]as well of pollen, as of other vitailes Example: The bran, pollen and gurgions of this grain will be profitable to the miller; […]
Word: pollen Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin pollen (“fine flour”), used by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century to describe the spores produced in the anthers of flowers. Pronunciation: /ˈpɒlən/, /ˈpɑlən/ 1. To cover with, or as if with, pollen. Labels: poetic, transitive
Word: patois Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French patois (“regional dialect or language”), c. 1635. Pronunciation: /pæˈtwɑ/, /ˈpæ.twɑː/, /pæˈtwɑz/, /ˈpæ.twɑːz/ 1. A regional dialect (usually one considered substandard) of a language (especially French). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: [The Sundanese] are regarded as relatively barbarous, and in the company of Malays or Javanese, they are themselves ashamed of their dialect, which is looked on as a sort of rude patois. Example: *The Expanse'*s patois has become, like Klingon and Dothraki, the show's great unifier—the slang all devotees speak. 2. Any of various French, Franco-Provençal or Occitan dialects spoken in France. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Creole French in the Caribbean (especially in Dominica, St. Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Haiti). Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Ellipsis of Jamaican Patois. Labels: Jamaica, abbreviation, alt-of, countable, ellipsis, uncountable 5. Jargon or cant. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In the patois of insurance, the winery will go bare into this year’s burning season, which experts predict to be especially fierce.
Word: stratification Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From stratum + -ification. 1. The process leading to the formation or deposition of layers, especially of sedimentary rocks. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He has misunderstood the English excavators in regard to the stratification of Knossos. He has wrongly imagined that the West Court of Knossos and a great part of the whole west wing belonged to an earlier building, contemporary with the West Court of Phæstos, and that they were later superseded and partly covered over by a later structure, contemporary with the supposed mainland Achæan type of Megaron at Phæstos that is now proved to be no Megaron at all. 2. A layering of musical texture. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The vertical layering of vegetation in a forest. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Society's categorization of people into socioeconomic strata. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. The process of treating seeds to simulate natural conditions that the seeds must experience before germination can occur, often involving exposure to cold. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A classification or arrangement of things into different categories or groups. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: interpolation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French interpolation, from Latin interpolatio. Morphologically interpolate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪnˌtɜː.pəˈleɪʃən/, /ɪnˌtɝ.pəˈleɪʃən/ 1. An abrupt change in elements, with continuation of the first idea. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The process of estimating the value of a function at a point from its values at nearby points. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The process of interpolating: including and processing externally-fetched data in a document or program. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In Perl, variable interpolation happens in double-quoted strings and patterns, and list interpolation occurs when constructing the list of values to pass to a list operator or other such construct that takes a LIST. 4. That which is introduced or inserted; in contexts of content analysis of centuries-old texts, especially something foreign or spurious. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Today a widely established convention encloses all editorial interpolations in square brackets [like so] for clarity. Example: Bentley wrote a letter […] upon the scriptural glosses in our present copies of Hesychius, which he considered interpolations from a later hand. 5. The use of a melody from a previously recorded song, but recreated rather than sampled from that recording. Labels: countable, euphemistic, uncountable Example: The melody itself is an interpolation of "The Streets of Cairo," an Orientalist Tin Pan Alley song originally published in 1895.
Word: pitch simultaneity Part of Speech: noun 1. Any two or more pitches or pitch classes all of which occur simultaneously, or at the same time. It may be thought of as a more general term for any possible chord. Any chord progression or harmonic progression is then a simultaneity succession, though not all simultaneity successions are harmonic progressions and not all simultaneities are chords.
Word: dissolution Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English dissolucioun, from Old French dissolucion, from Latin dissolūtiō (“a dissolving, destroying, breaking up, dissolution”). Pronunciation: /ˌdɪsəˈl(j)uːʃən/, /ˌdɪsəˈluʃən/ 1. The termination of an organized body or legislative assembly, especially a formal dismissal. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Disintegration, or decomposition into fragments. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The whole fabric dries up, or becomes putrid; and, in both cases, sooner or later, tends to a dissolution. Example: On August 16, 2014, a 24-year-old male programmer posted a more than 9,000-word tirade about the dissolution of his relationship with video game developer Zoë Quinn. 3. Dissolving, or going into solution. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The quality of being dissolute. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He led a life of dissolution, drinking and gambling almost daily.
Word: amalgamation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Medieval Latin amalgamātiō. Pronunciation: /əˌmælɡəˈmeɪʃən/ 1. The process of amalgamating; a mixture, merger or consolidation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In 1908 Sheng obtained imperial approval for the amalgamation of the Hanyang Ironworks and the Ta-yeh and P'ing-hsiang mines to form the Han-Yeh-P'ing Coal and Iron Company Limited (Han-Yeh-P'ing mei-t'ieh ch'ang-k'uang yu-hsien kung-ssu). Example: There was, however, one proposal which, had it reached fruition, might have had far-reaching effects. This was for the amalgamation of the Caledonian, the Edinburgh & Glasgow, and the Scottish Central Railways, for which a Bill was promoted, but rejected by the Parliamentary Committee on the grounds that the preamble was not proved. 2. The result of amalgamating; a mixture or alloy. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The result of amalgamating; a mixture or alloy. Labels: countable, specifically, uncountable 4. The intermarriage and interbreeding of different ethnicities or races. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: All the circumstances of William, on the great house farm, show him to have occupied a different position from the other slaves, and, certainly, there is nothing in the supposed hostility of slaveholders to amalgamation, to forbid the supposition that William Wilks was the son of Edward Lloyd.
Word: gradation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French gradation. By surface analysis, grade + -ation. Pronunciation: /ɡɹəˈdeɪʃən/, /ˌɡɹeɪˈdeɪʃən/ 1. A sequence of gradual, successive stages; a systematic progression. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A passing by small degrees from one tone or shade, as of color, to another. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A decade ago, the British department-store chain John Lewis built itself a long warehouse, painted in gradations of sky blue. 3. The act of gradating or arranging in grades. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Any degree or relative position in an order or series. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the several gradations of the intelligent universe Example: Two distinct types of lupus erythematosus are recognized: [1] chronic or discoid, which is essentially a skin lesion, and [2] severe systemic, designated as acute. Between the two types are many gradations to which the term subacute has been applied. 5. A calibration marking. Labels: countable 6. A gradual change within one parameter, or an overlapping of two blocks of sound. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A diatonic succession of chords. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. Ablaut. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: gradation Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French gradation. By surface analysis, grade + -ation. Pronunciation: /ɡɹəˈdeɪʃən/, /ˌɡɹeɪˈdeɪʃən/ 1. To form with gradations. Labels: transitive
Word: pulse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Late Middle English pulse, Middle English pulsen (“to pulse, throb”), from Latin pulsāre, the present active infinitive of pulsō (“to push; to beat, batter, hammer, strike; to knock on; (figuratively) to drive or urge on, impel; to move; to agitate, disquiet, disturb”), the frequentative of pellō (“to drive, impel, propel, push; to banish, eject, expel; to set in motion; to strike”); see further at etymology 1. Doublet of push. Pronunciation: /pʌls/, [pəls], /pʊls/ 1. To emit or impel (something) in pulses or waves. Labels: also, figuratively, transitive Example: Though a light of love she swimmeth, / Zoned with utterless desire, / And the air of her swift coming / Through thy hot veins pulseth fire. Example: Rapidly rotating dead stars, pulsars are so named because as they spin, they release beams of electromagnetic radiation across space that appear to pulse like celestial lighthouses. 2. To give to (something, especially a cell culture) an (increased) amount of a substance, such as a drug or an isotopic label, over a short time. Labels: transitive 3. To operate a food processor on (some ingredient) in short bursts, to break it up without liquidizing it. Labels: transitive 4. To apply an electric current or signal that varies in strength to (something). Labels: transitive 5. To manipulate (an electric current, electromagnetic wave, etc.) so that it is emitted in pulses. Labels: transitive 6. To expand and contract repeatedly, like an artery when blood is flowing though it, or the heart; to beat, to throb, to vibrate, to pulsate. Labels: figuratively, intransitive, literary Example: Hot blood pulsed through my veins as I grew angrier. Example: The streets were dark, and all that could be seen was light pulsing from the disco. 7. Of an activity, place, or thing: to bustle with energy and liveliness; to pulsate. Labels: figuratively, intransitive Example: There is a dangerous censoriousness pulsing through American society. In small towns and big cities alike, would-be commissars are fighting, in the name of a distinct minority of Americans, to stifle open discussion and impose their views on the community at large. Dissenters, when they speak out, are hounded, ostracized and sometimes even forced from their jobs. Example: The emotion had pulsed from the outset, the Ukraine players emerging from the tunnel with blue and yellow flags around their shoulders; the rendition of their anthem seeing eyes well up.
Word: pulse Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English puls (“(collectively) seeds of a leguminous plant used as food; leguminous plants collectively; a species of leguminous plant”), Early Middle English pols (in compounds), possibly from Anglo-Norman pus, puz, Middle French pouls, pols, pous, and Old French pous, pou (“gruel, mash, porridge”) (perhaps in the sense of a gruel made from pulses), or directly from their etymon Latin puls (“meal (coarse-ground edible part of various grains); porridge”), probably from Ancient Greek πόλτος (póltos, “porridge made from flour”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“dust; flour”) (perhaps by extension from *pel- (“to beat, strike; to drive; to push, thrust”), in the sense of something beaten). Pronunciation: /pʌls/, [pəls], /pʊls/ 1. Annual leguminous plants (such as beans, lentils, and peas) yielding grains or seeds used as food for humans or animals; (countable) such a plant; a legume. Labels: uncountable Example: Wild nuts, peas, vetch, a legume which had edible seed pods, and grasses were often combined with pulses like beans or lentils, the most commonly identified ingredient, and at times, wild mustard. To make the plants more palatable, pulses, which have a naturally bitter taste, were soaked, coarsely ground or pounded with stones to remove their husk. 2. Edible grains or seeds from leguminous plants, especially in a mature, dry condition; (countable) a specific kind of such a grain or seed. Labels: uncountable
Word: gos Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of goes (“plural of go”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: nicotinist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree French Nicot Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnus French -in French -e French -ine French nicotinebor. English nicotine Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English nicotinist From nicotine + -ist. 1. One who is addicted to nicotine, the alkaloid found in tobacco. Labels: obsolete, rare Example: Nicotinists. Smokers, it is said, are invariably polite to each other, wheresoever they be–on the penny steamboat, the two-penny tramcar, the three-penny bus, and elsewhere. Example: Indeed, it seems very probable that in many cases smoking is done, not because of the real enjoyment which comes from the practice, but because it has become a habit which the nicotinist cannot break himself of.
Word: mattress Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English materas, from Old French, from Arabic مَطْرَح (maṭraḥ, “place where something is thrown”), from طَرَحَ (ṭaraḥa, “to throw”). Compare divan, from Persian via Turkish (both of Middle Eastern origin, due to the local custom of lying on padding on floor being foreign to Europeans). Pronunciation: /ˈmætɹɪs/ 1. A pad on which a person can recline and sleep, usually having an inner section of coiled springs covered with foam or other cushioning material then enclosed with cloth fabric. 2. A form of retaining wall used to support foundations or an embankment 3. A form of lagging, in particular for boilers. Example: Spun glass mattresses are used for lagging the boiler, which has three Ross pop safety valves on the front ring. Example: The boiler and firebox are lagged with a lightweight Fibreglass mattress.
Word: mattress Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English materas, from Old French, from Arabic مَطْرَح (maṭraḥ, “place where something is thrown”), from طَرَحَ (ṭaraḥa, “to throw”). Compare divan, from Persian via Turkish (both of Middle Eastern origin, due to the local custom of lying on padding on floor being foreign to Europeans). Pronunciation: /ˈmætɹɪs/ 1. To cover with a thick layer, like a mattress; to blanket. Labels: transitive Example: A comfortable litter of pine needles had mattressed the ground and spreading branches had been a canopy overhead.
Word: manacles Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English manicle, from Old French manicle, from Latin manicula, diminutive form of manus (“hand”). Pronunciation: /ˈmæn.ə.kəlz/ 1. plural of manacle Labels: form-of, plural
Word: manacles Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English manicle, from Old French manicle, from Latin manicula, diminutive form of manus (“hand”). Pronunciation: /ˈmæn.ə.kəlz/ 1. manacle Labels: plural, plural-only
Word: shackle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English schakelen, schakkylen (“(also figurative) to put (someone) in shackles; to protect (legs) with greaves”), from shakel, schakkyl, schakle (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitives of verbs). Pronunciation: /ˈʃækl̩/, /ˈʃæk(ə)l/ 1. To place (a person or animal) in shackles (noun etymology 1 sense 1); to immobilize or restrain using shackles. Labels: transitive Example: A man giuen ouer to ſenſual appetite carrieth fetters in his eyes, vvhervvith he shackleth, glevv, vvhervvith he layeth faſt hold, hookes, vvhervvith he catcheth, flames vvhervvith he burneth, ſhafts, vvhervvith he transfixeth both his ovvne and the ſoules of other men: ſhackled vvith theſe fetters, caught vvith these hookes, burnt vvith theſe flames: transfixed vvith theſe shafts vvas the Aſſyrian Holofernes. Example: Huelydd, sub[stantive] a fetterer, he that shackleth or fettereth 2. To connect or couple (something) to another thing using a shackle (noun etymology 1 sense 1.1.1, etymology 1 sense 1.1.3, etc.). Labels: transitive 3. To provide (something) with a shackle. Labels: transitive 4. To inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something); to render (someone or something) incapable or ineffectual. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: This law would effectively shackle its opposition. Example: [I]t were a plaine ſlauerie, ⁊ iniurie to, to ſhakkle and tye a good witte, and hinder the courſe of a mãs [man's] good nature with ſuch bondes of ſeruitude, in folowyng other. 5. To combine (a substance) with another substance. Labels: figuratively, obsolete, transitive Example: Bitterneſs is produced by a Sulphur vvell impregnated, either vvith an Alkaline, or an Acid Salt, but alſo ſhackled vvith Earth. Example: [A] little of that Fixed Salt, ſerves, it ſeems, to Shackle or Cryſtallize (vvhich is a degree of Fixation) a very great quantity of the Eſſential Salt of this Plant. 6. Of two things: to connect or couple together. Labels: intransitive, reflexive
Word: shackle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From shack (“variant of shake”), shake (verb) + -le (suffix forming agent nouns; frequentative suffix forming verbs). Pronunciation: /ˈʃækl̩/, /ˈʃæk(ə)l/ 1. A person who is idle or lazy; an idler. Labels: UK, dialectal 2. A dice game; also, an event at which tickets are sold for chances to be drawn to win prizes; a raffle. Labels: UK, dialectal
Word: shackle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From shack (“variant of shake”), shake (verb) + -le (suffix forming agent nouns; frequentative suffix forming verbs). Pronunciation: /ˈʃækl̩/, /ˈʃæk(ə)l/ 1. To rattle or shake (something). Labels: UK, dialectal, transitive 2. To put (something) into disorder; specifically (agriculture), to cause (standing stalks of corn) to fall over. Labels: UK, dialectal, transitive 3. Often followed by about: to be idle or lazy; to avoid work. Labels: UK, dialectal, intransitive
Word: shackles Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of shackle Labels: form-of, plural Example: The prisoner lay in shackles in his gloomy cell.
Word: shackles Part of Speech: verb 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of shackle Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: maneuver Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French manœuvre (“manipulation, maneuver”) and manouvrer (“to maneuver”), from Old French manovre (“handwork, manual labor”), from Medieval Latin manopera, manuopera (“work done by hand, handwork”), from manu (“by hand”) + operari (“to work”). First recorded in the Capitularies of Charlemagne (800 AD) to mean "chore, manual task", probably as a calque of the Frankish *handuwerk (“hand-work”). Compare Old English handweorc, Old English handġeweorc, German Handwerk. The verb is a doublet of the verb manure. Pronunciation: /məˈnuvɚ/, /məˈnuːvə/, /məˈnyːvɐ/, /maˈnyːvɐ/, /məˈnjuːvɚ/ 1. The planned movement of troops, vehicles etc.; a strategic repositioning; (later also) a large training field-exercise of fighting units. Labels: US Example: The army was on maneuvers. Example: Joint NATO maneuvers are as much an exercise in diplomacy as in tactics and logistics. 2. Any strategic or cunning action; a stratagem. Labels: US Example: “This,” cried he, “is a manœuvre I have been some time expecting: but Mr. Harrel, though artful and selfish, is by no means deep.” 3. A movement of the body, or with an implement, instrument etc., especially one performed with skill or dexterity. Labels: US 4. A specific medical or surgical movement, often eponymous, done with the doctor's hands or surgical instruments. Labels: US Example: The otorhinolaryngologist performed an Epley maneuver and the patient was relieved of his vertigo. 5. A controlled (especially skillful) movement taken while steering a vehicle. Labels: US Example: Parallel parking can be a difficult maneuver.
Word: maneuver Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French manœuvre (“manipulation, maneuver”) and manouvrer (“to maneuver”), from Old French manovre (“handwork, manual labor”), from Medieval Latin manopera, manuopera (“work done by hand, handwork”), from manu (“by hand”) + operari (“to work”). First recorded in the Capitularies of Charlemagne (800 AD) to mean "chore, manual task", probably as a calque of the Frankish *handuwerk (“hand-work”). Compare Old English handweorc, Old English handġeweorc, German Handwerk. The verb is a doublet of the verb manure. Pronunciation: /məˈnuvɚ/, /məˈnuːvə/, /məˈnyːvɐ/, /maˈnyːvɐ/, /məˈnjuːvɚ/ 1. To move (something, or oneself) carefully, and often with difficulty, into a certain position. Labels: US, ambitransitive 2. To guide, steer, manage purposefully Labels: US, figuratively, transitive 3. To intrigue, manipulate, plot, scheme Labels: US, figuratively, intransitive Example: The patriarch maneuvered till his offspring occupied countless key posts
Word: manioc Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French manioc, through Portuguese mandioca, ultimately from Old Tupi mani'oka. Doublet of manihot. Pronunciation: /ˈmæ.ni.ɒk/, /ˈmæ.niˌɑk/, /ˈmeɪ.niˌɑk/ 1. The tropical plant Manihot esculenta, from which tapioca is prepared; cassava, yuca. Labels: countable, uncountable, usually Example: 1975, William R. Bascom, African Dilemma Tales, Mouton (De Gruyter), page 86, The banana, the most important crop above ground, quarreled with the manioc, the most important underground crop. […] The manioc said that it, the yam, the sweet potato, and others were the ones that fed people and that without them people could not exist. Example: 1977, Donald W. Lathrap, Our Father the Cayman, Our Mother the Gourd, Charles A. Reed (editor), Origins of Agriculture, Mouton (De Gruyter), page 741, The selection process leading to the bitter group of maniocs has been in terms of higher starch yield and in terms of starch of a quality more appropriate for making bread ans flour. 2. Cassava root, eaten as a food. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: In the morning, after a frugal breakfast of coffee and manioc - we had to be economical of our stores - we held a council of war as to the best method of ascending to the plateau above us. Example: Ground manioc (cassava) is mixed with water and pressed through tube woven from palm fibers to remove toxic cyanogenic compounds. 3. A food starch prepared from the root. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: cassava Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish cazabe, from Taíno *kasabi (“cassava flour”) (whence Garifuna sibiba), from Proto-Arawak *sapi. Pronunciation: /kəˈsɑː.və/, /kəˈsɑ.və/ 1. Manioc (Manihot esculenta), a tropical plant which is the source of tapioca. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The root of this plant. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: There was a smell of evening and of coolness after a hot day and a slight scent of peat-smoke that came from cassava being roasted in one of the fishermen's huts in the village away to the right. 3. Tapioca, a starchy pulp made with manioc roots. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Jucca, ſive Yucca Peruana. The root whereof the bread Caſua, or Cazava is made.
Word: tapioca Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Portuguese tapioca, from Old Tupi tapi'oka. Pronunciation: /tæpiˈoʊkə/ 1. A starchy food made from the cassava plant, used in puddings. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Fish eyes and glue we used to call the half-cooked, large-grained, starchy tapioca without flavour that we were served every week in our residence at university. How I longed for the creamy pudding Mother used to make. Example: It happened when beverage aficionados learned that tapioca, the starch used to make the sweet, round, chewy black bubbles — or pearls — that are the featured topping in the popular boba tea drink, was in short supply. 2. The cassava plant, Manihot esculenta, from which tapioca is derived; manioc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: When the entire coast-line becomes a sea of waving palms, with Chinese and Malay villages fringing the shores, which are at present mere barren wastes of mangroves, with plantations of pepper, of gambier, and of tapioca and rice, the Northern Territory, backed up by the unswerving energy of the Australian squatter, miner, and planter, will present a spectacle almost unknown in the scheme of British colonization.
Word: maniple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably from Late Latin manipulus (“bundle, handful; drachm”) (see further at etymology 1), modelled on Ancient Greek δράγμα (drágma, “bundle, handful; sheaf”) which was confused with δραχμή (drakhmḗ, “drachm”). Pronunciation: /ˈmænɪp(ə)l/, /ˈmænəpəl/ 1. A handful. Labels: obsolete Example: [K]novving you a ſerious Student in the higheſt arcana’s of Nature; and vvith much excuſe vve bring theſe lovv delights, and poor maniples to your Treaſure. Example: M., in Medicinal Preſcription, is frequently uſed to ſignify a maniple, or handful: […]
Word: tantrum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From earlier tanterum. Further etymology unknown. Pronunciation: /ˈtæn.tɹʌm/ 1. An often childish display or fit of bad temper. Example: Many parents become embarrassed by their children throwing tantrums in public places. Example: Baby Shawn threw a tantrum when he was told the bicycle was not his.
Word: tantrum Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From earlier tanterum. Further etymology unknown. Pronunciation: /ˈtæn.tɹʌm/ 1. To throw a tantrum. Labels: intransitive
Word: maraud Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From French marauder, derivative of maraud (“rogue, vagabond”), from Middle French maraud (“rascal”), from Old French *marault (“beggar, vagabond”), from marir, marrir (“to trouble, stray, lose ones way, be lost”), from Frankish *marʀijan (“to neglect, hinder”), from Proto-Germanic *marzijaną (“to neglect, hinder, spoil”), from Proto-Indo-European *mers- (“to trouble, confuse, ignore, forget”), + Old French suffix -ault, -aud. Cognate with Old High German marrjan, marren (“to obstruct, hinder”), Old Saxon merrian (“to hinder, waste”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (marzjan, “to offend”). Related to mar. Pronunciation: /məˈɹɔːd/, /məˈɹoːd/, /məˈɹɔd/, /məˈɹɑd/, /məˈɾɔd/ 1. To move about in roving fashion looking for plunder; to loiter. Labels: intransitive Example: a marauding band Example: Peace Plunder, Peace, you Rogue; no Moroding now i we'll burn, rob, demolish and murder another time together : This is a Bus'ness must be done with decency. 2. To go about aggressively or in a predatory manner. Labels: intransitive Example: A flea out of a blanket shaken, A bloody-minded sinner, Upon a taylor's neck was taken, Marauding for a dinner. 3. To raid and pillage. Labels: transitive Example: As the tract of country they intended to maraud was far in the Moorish territories near the coast of the Mediterranean, they did not arrive until late in the following day.
Word: marauder Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From maraud + -er. Pronunciation: /məˈɹɔːdə/, /məˈɹoːdə/, /məˈɹɔdɚ/, /məˈɹɑdɚ/, /məˈɾɔdəɾ/ 1. Someone who moves about in roving fashion looking for plunder. Example: a band of marauders Example: If she keeps the dog up, the garden is invaded night and day by an army of peregrinating feline marauders that scent the booty from afar. 2. Any person who or thing which marauds.
Word: tangram Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Possibly from Mandarin 唐 (táng, “of the Tang dynasty, by extension, Chinese”) + -gram. Pronunciation: /ˈtænˌɡɹæm/ 1. A Chinese puzzle made of a square that is cut up into different triangular pieces which can then be reassembled to make designs.
Word: Yucatán Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish Yucatán. Several etymologies for this name have been proposed: * Perhaps the most well-known is where it is said to derive from Chontal Maya Yokot'an, being either tectetan, meaning “I do not understand you” or uyutan, uyukatan, or yukutan, “listen to them talk!”. * Bernal Diaz derived the name from the vegetable yuca + tale, a hillock in which the tuber is planted. Pronunciation: /ˈjuː.kə.tæn/ 1. A peninsula in North America incorporating the Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche, and Quintana Roo as well as Belize and northeastern Guatemala. 2. A state of Mexico.
Word: Wikiholic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Polynesian *witi Hawaiian wiki Hawaiian wikiwiki Proto-Indo-European *webʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *webaną Proto-Germanic *wabją Old English webb Middle English web English web English WikiWikiWebclip. English wiki Akkadian 𒎎𒋆𒁉𒍣𒁕 (guḫlum)bor. Aramaic כוחלא (kuḥlā)bor. Arabic كُحْل (kuḥl) Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥūl)bor. Medieval Latin alcoholder. Middle English alcofol English alcohol Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English alcoholic English -holic English Wikiholic From wiki + -holic. Pronunciation: /ˌwɪkɪˈhɒlɪk/ 1. Someone who is addicted to editing Wikipedia or another wiki. Example: I'm a Wikipedia editor. A Wikiholic. I have some 500 articles on my watchlist (!!!) and I edit some of the more controversial articles on WP: the Islam-related articles. For many months, I have been butting heads with some Iranian Shi'a editors... Example: 2005, Richard Quinn, as quoted by David Dyer-Bennet, “Re: Charlie Stross: Wikipedian Extraordinaire” (April 8), rec.arts.sf.written, Usenet I was blessed with insight, that rare moment of lucidity which can truly validate the Buddhist belief in a path to enlightenment: Charles Stross is a Wikiholic!
Word: burrow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English borowe, borewe, borwȝ, burȝe, burh, burye (“refuge for an animal, lair, burrow”), apparently a variant of Middle English burgh (“fortified dwelling, stronghold, refuge”) (see borough) and thus from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”), but this sense is not known in Old English burh. Compare, however, Dutch cognate burcht, which has a similar sense. It may be related to bury (“to dig”), in which case it would be derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to protect, defend, save, preserve”). Pronunciation: /ˈbʌɹəʊ/, /ˈbʌɹoʊ/, /ˈbɜɹoʊ/, /ˈbʊɹəʊ/, /-ɹoʊ/ 1. A tunnel or hole, often as dug by a small creature. Example: But very soon he grew to like it, for the Boy used to talk to him, and made nice tunnels for him under the bedclothes that he said were like the burrows the real rabbits lived in. 2. Obsolete form of barrow (“a mound”). Labels: alt-of, obsolete Example: Such another chapel as this, though not built upon a burrow of stones, is to be seen on Montague Hill, in Somersetshire, and dedicated to St. Michael the Archangel […] 3. Obsolete form of borough (“an incorporated town”). Labels: alt-of, obsolete
Word: burrow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English borowe, borewe, borwȝ, burȝe, burh, burye (“refuge for an animal, lair, burrow”), apparently a variant of Middle English burgh (“fortified dwelling, stronghold, refuge”) (see borough) and thus from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”), but this sense is not known in Old English burh. Compare, however, Dutch cognate burcht, which has a similar sense. It may be related to bury (“to dig”), in which case it would be derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to protect, defend, save, preserve”). Pronunciation: /ˈbʌɹəʊ/, /ˈbʌɹoʊ/, /ˈbɜɹoʊ/, /ˈbʊɹəʊ/, /-ɹoʊ/ 1. To dig a tunnel or hole. Labels: intransitive 2. To move underneath or press up against in search of safety or comfort. Labels: intransitive Example: The young girl burrowed into the bed. 3. To investigate thoroughly. Labels: intransitive Example: The journalist burrowed into the origins of the mayor's corruption.
Word: apocryphal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From apocrypha + -al. Pronunciation: /əˈpɒkɹɪfəl/, /əˈpɒkɹəfəl/, /əˈpɑːkɹɪfəl/, /əˈpɑːkɹəfəl/ 1. Of, or pertaining to, the Apocrypha. Example: […] ‘Tobit and his dog baith are altogether heathenish and apocryphal, and none but a prelatist or a papist would draw them into question. I doubt I hae been mista'en in you, friend.’ Example: Besides all this, he had read his Bible, including the apocryphal books; […] 2. Of doubtful authenticity, or lacking authority; not regarded as canonical. Labels: broadly Example: Many scholars consider the stories of the monk Teilo to be apocryphal. Example: The structural anthropologist urges us to ignore the orthodox who labor so patiently trying to eliminate the apocryphal variants from the one true text. 3. Of dubious veracity; of questionable accuracy or truthfulness; anecdotal or in the nature of an urban legend. Labels: broadly Example: There is an apocryphal tale of a little boy plugging the dike with his finger. Example: Charles, already dispos'd by the evidence of his senses to think my pretences to virginity not entirely apocryphal, smothers me with kisses, begs me, in the name of love, to have a little patience, and that he will be as tender of hurting me as he would be of himself.
Word: absent-mindedly Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English absent-minded Middle English -ly English -ly English absent-mindedly From absent-minded + -ly. Pronunciation: /ˌæb.sn̩tˈmaɪn.dɪd.li/ 1. Preoccupiedly; in an absent-minded manner. Example: Professor Archimedes Q. Porter, his hands clasped beneath the tails of his long coat, paces back and forth under the ever-watchful eye of his faithful secretary, Mr. Samuel T. Philander. Twice within the past few minutes he has started absent-mindedly across the tracks in the direction of a near-by swamp, only to be rescued and dragged back by the tireless Mr. Philander. Example: On the same highway, I once absent-mindedly cut in front of this enormous jacked-up pickup truck.
Word: buttermilk Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English butter-melke, equivalent to butter + milk. Cognate with Dutch botermelk (“buttermilk”), German Buttermilch (“buttermilk”), Low German Bottermelk (“buttermilk”), Luxembourgish Bottermëllech (“buttermilk”), Plautdietsch Bottamalkj, Bottamaltj, Bottermalkj, Bottermaltj (“buttermilk”), and Yiddish פּוטערמילך (putermilkh), פּוטער־מילעך (puter-milekh, “buttermilk”). Pronunciation: /ˈbʌtɚˌmɪlk/, /ˈbʌtəˌmɪlk/ 1. The liquid left over after producing butter from full cream milk by the churning process, also called traditional buttermilk. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: An anti-aphrodisiac, suggested in Hindu erotological literature as a way for women to negate amatory challenges, is to bathe in the buttermilk of a she-buffalo. 2. Cultured buttermilk, a fermented dairy product produced from cow's milk, with a characteristically sour taste. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A light yellow color, like that of buttermilk. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: whey Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English whey, wheye, whei, from Old English hwǣġ, hwæiġ, hwæġ, hweġ (“whey”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwaij (“whey”) (cognate with Saterland Frisian Waai, Woaie, West Frisian waai, Dutch wei, Low German Wei, German Low German Wei), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pile up, build”) (compare Old Church Slavonic чинъ (činŭ, “order”), Ancient Greek ποιέω (poiéō, “to pile up, make”), Sanskrit कय (káya, “every one”)). Pronunciation: /hweɪ/, /weɪ/ 1. The liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained in the process of making cheese. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Little Miss Muffet, She sat on a tuffet, Eating of curds and whey; There came a little spider, Who sat down beside her, And frighted Miss Muffet away. Example: {...} if I wished any blessing in the world, it was to find him a worthy object of pride; and I’m bitterly disappointed with the whey-faced, whining wretch!
Word: whey Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Onomatopoeic, variation on wahey. Pronunciation: /hweɪ/, /weɪ/ 1. A shout for attention Labels: UK, dated Example: He swayed over to the door, peered out, shouted "whey!" and came back, looking severe. Example: somebody who was more or less to their senses, shouted... ' Whey! ... Had on lads!' and everybody was trying to get wocken up and sorted out. 2. A shout of enthusiasm or delight Labels: UK Example: ... apart from Max, who rode his pallet like a surfboard with a huge grin plastered across his face. “Wheyyyyyyy!” Max yelled with delight. Example: Several drunken men shouted from the corner. “Wheyyyy, showtime! Go on, go on!” 3. Shouted when someone drops a glass or other crockery, especially in a pub. Labels: UK Example: 12. Smashing a glass and the whole bar choruses "WHEYYYY". Example: If they don't shout "wheyyy" when you smash a glass, did it even smash?
Word: reluctant Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns (whence -ant), present participle of reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”), from re- (“back”) + luctor (“to struggle”) (whence re-. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈlʌktənt/ 1. Not wanting to take some action; unwilling to do something. Example: She was reluctant to lend him the money Example: Surprisingly, our new dog is a reluctant ball-retriever. 2. Contrary; defiant; refractory. Labels: archaic Example: Whence we must infer, that the least stir of tumult or rebellion against the Prince is reluctant to all the Ordinances of Heaven, is an abortive product of Hell against the pure dictates of nature […] Example: If pride be allowed to cause you to envy or wound the characters of such as differ from, or outshine you, or to make you reluctant to Christian reproof from your inferiors, how fearful is your guilt and danger! 3. Tending to match as little text as possible.
Word: reluctance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English reluct Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -iader. Old French -ancebor. Middle English -aunce English -ance English reluctance From reluct + -ance. From Latin relū̆ctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”) + -ance, from re- (“back”) + luctor (“to struggle”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈlʌktəns/ 1. Unwillingness to do something. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Our new dog shows reluctance to go on walks, preferring to be indoors. 2. Hesitancy in taking some action. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Defiance, disobedience. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable Example: No more be mention’d then of violence / Against our selves, and wilful barrenness, / That cuts us off fom hope, and favours onely / Rancor and pride, impatience and despite, / Reluctance against God and his just yoke / Laid on our Necks. 4. That property of a magnetic circuit analogous to resistance in an electric circuit. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: That is to say, the total number of ampere-hours, including the drop of gilbertage, due to magnetic flux traversing the reluctance of the circuit, must be equal to zero.
Word: ambulance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French ambulance, which replaced hôpital ambulant (“moving hospital”) via the suffix -ance, from Latin ambulō (“to walk; to go about”). Pronunciation: /ˈæm.bjə.ləns/, /ˈæm.bə.ləns/, /ˈæm.bjəˌlæns/, /ˈæm.bəˌlæns/ 1. An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. Example: The NHS is bracing itself for its worst ever winter crisis descending in the next fortnight because of a worsening “flu-nami” that has left hospitals, GP surgeries and ambulances services under intense strain. 2. A mobile field hospital. 3. A vehicle used for the transportation of dead people, typically to a mortuary. Labels: UK 4. Synonym of stretcher, a litter used for medical transport. Labels: UK, obsolete 5. Synonym of covered wagon. Labels: US, obsolete
Word: ambulance Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French ambulance, which replaced hôpital ambulant (“moving hospital”) via the suffix -ance, from Latin ambulō (“to walk; to go about”). Pronunciation: /ˈæm.bjə.ləns/, /ˈæm.bə.ləns/, /ˈæm.bjəˌlæns/, /ˈæm.bəˌlæns/ 1. To transport by ambulance. Labels: transitive Example: Ambulancing patients with acute obstruction over cobble and rails should not be tolerated; better render the necessary service where the patient is found.
Word: fuss Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Of unknown origin. Perhaps from Danish fjas (“nonsense”), from Middle Low German (compare German faseln (“to maunder, talk nonsense”)). Compare also fouse (“to hasten, rush, tumble, disarrange”). Pronunciation: /fʌs/, /fʊs/ 1. Excessive activity, worry, bother, or talk about something. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: They made a big fuss about the wedding plans. Example: What's all the fuss about? 2. A complaint or noise; a scene. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: If you make enough of a fuss about the problem, maybe they'll fix it for you. 3. An exhibition of affection or admiration. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: They made a great fuss over the new baby.
Word: fuss Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Of unknown origin. Perhaps from Danish fjas (“nonsense”), from Middle Low German (compare German faseln (“to maunder, talk nonsense”)). Compare also fouse (“to hasten, rush, tumble, disarrange”). Pronunciation: /fʌs/, /fʊs/ 1. To be very worried or excited about something, often too much. Labels: intransitive Example: His grandmother will never quit fussing over his vegetarianism. Example: Dear reader, spare me. I don't hate men, I love them; I eat 'em for breakfast. But it seems to me that fussing about masculinity is intimately related to homophobia. 2. To fiddle; fidget; wiggle, or adjust Labels: intransitive Example: Quit fussing with your hair. It looks fine. 3. To disturb (a person) Labels: transitive 4. To cry or be ill-humoured. Labels: US, especially, intransitive 5. To show affection for, especially animals. Labels: intransitive 6. To pet. Labels: transitive Example: He fussed the cat.
Word: groom Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1604, short for bridegroom (“husband-to-be”), from Middle English brydgrome, alteration (with intrusive r) of earlier bridegome (“bridegroom”), from Old English brȳdguma (“bridegroom”), from brȳd (“bride”) + guma (“man, hero”). In Middle English, the second element was re-analyzed as or influenced by grom, grome (“attendant”). Guma derives from Proto-Germanic *gumô (“man, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰm̥mō; it is cognate to Icelandic gumi (cf. Icelandic brúðgumi) and Norwegian gume and, ultimately, human. Pronunciation: /ɡɹuːm/, /ɡɹʉwm/, /ɡɹum/, /ɡɹʉːm/, /ɡɾuːm/ 1. A man who is about to marry.
Word: groom Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English grom, grome (“man-child, boy, youth”), of uncertain origin. Apparently related to Middle Dutch grom (“boy”), Old Icelandic grómr, gromr (“man, manservant, boy”), Old French gromme (“manservant”), and also to Middle Dutch grom (“fish guts”), Middle Low German grôm (“fish guts”), from the same Proto-Germanic root. Possibly from Old English *grōm, from Proto-West Germanic *grōm (“swollen belly, stomach tumour, womb-child, fish roe, fish guts”), from Proto-Germanic *grōaną (“to grow”). Alternative etymology describes Middle English grom, grome as an alteration of gome (“man”) with an intrusive r (also found in bridegroom, hoarse, cartridge, etc.), with the Middle Dutch and Old Icelandic cognates following similar variation of their respective forms. Pronunciation: /ɡɹuːm/, /ɡɹʉwm/, /ɡɹum/, /ɡɹʉːm/, /ɡɾuːm/ 1. A person who looks after horses. Example: Toward the end of the war, Benoit was sent off on his own with forged papers; he wound up working as a horse groom at a chalet in the Loire valley. Mandelbrot describes this harrowing youth with great sangfroid. 2. One of several officers of the English royal household, chiefly in the lord chamberlain's department. Example: the groom of the chamber; the groom of the stole 3. A male servant, or more generally, a common man. Labels: archaic Example: The needy groom, that never finger'd groat, Would make a miracle of thus much coin … Example: Going into the hall he saw a handsome groom, in a braided livery and a bear fur cape, holding a white fur cloak. 4. A brushing or cleaning, as of a dog or horse. Example: Give the mare a quick groom before you take her out.