nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: carsick Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From car + sick. Pronunciation: /ˈkɑɹˌsɪk/ 1. Dizzy or feeling nauseated due to riding in a vehicle; suffering from motion sickness. Example: But this whole world / It makes me carsick / Stop the meter, sir
Word: carsickness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From car + sickness or carsick + -ness. Pronunciation: /ˈkɑː(ɹ)ˌsɪk.nəs/ 1. Motion sickness caused by riding in a motor car. Labels: uncountable 2. Motion sickness caused by riding in a railway carriage. Labels: dated, uncountable
Word: gross domestic product Part of Speech: noun 1. A measure of the economic production of a particular territory in financial capital terms over a specific time period. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month.
Word: sequoia Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /səˈkwɔɪ.ə/, /sɪˈkwɔɪ.ə/ 1. Sequoiadendron giganteum, a coniferous evergreen tree formerly in the genus Sequoia, now placed in Sequoiadendron. Labels: error-lua-timeout 2. Sequoia sempervirens, a coniferous evergreen tree, the only living species of the genus Sequoia. Labels: error-lua-timeout
Word: semaphore Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is borrowed from French sémaphore, from Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma, “mark, sign, token”) + French -phore (from Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros, suffix indicating a bearer or carrier)). By surface analysis, sema- + -phore. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛm.əˌfɔː/, /ˈsɛm.əˌfoɹ/ 1. Any equipment used for visual signalling by means of flags, lights, or mechanically moving arms, which are used to represent letters of the alphabet, or words. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We must here take the liberty of expostulating with Sir Home [Riggs] Popham and the first Lord of the Admiralty, for having given to the telegraphic machine, invented by that gallant officer, the barbarous name of Semaphore, instead of Sematophore or Semophore—either of them ugly enough. Example: The large Silver Medal of the Society was this Session voted to Nic[h]olas Harris Nicolas, Esq. of the Inner Temple, for an Improvement on the Vertical Semaphore, and for his method of adapting a shifting Key to Telegraphic Communications, for the purpose of insuring their Secrecy. A Model of Mr. N's Semaphore has been placed in the Repository of the Society. 2. A visual system for transmitting information using the above equipment; especially, by means of two flags held one in each hand, using an alphabetic and numeric code based on the position of the signaller's arms; flag semaphore. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Its [the article's] object is to furnish a rule for determining the number of distinct signals which can be made by any semaphore, whatever be the number of arms or indicators, of whatever be the number of positions of each arm. In the Cyclopædia of Rees, the number of signals which the semaphores of the line of communication between Paris and Landau were capable of making, is stated to be 823,543, which is no less than 1,274,608 fewer than the real number, an error not arising from the press, but from the principle of computation. Example: Buried treasures are naturally among the problems which have come to Mr. [Sherlock] Holmes. One genuine case was accompanied by a diagram here reproduced. [...] Each Indiaman in those days had its own semaphore code, and it is conjectured that the three marks upon the left are signals from a three-armed semaphore. 3. A bit, token, fragment of code, or some other mechanism which is used to restrict access to a shared function or device to a single process at a time, or to synchronize and coordinate events in different processes. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The thread increments the semaphore to prevent other threads from entering the critical section at the same time. Example: Several synchronization techniques have been proposed and many of them have been adopted by parallel and distributed operating systems or parallel programming platforms. [...] Semaphores represent another synchronization technique that is mainly used by traditional stand-alone operating systems.
Word: semaphore Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is borrowed from French sémaphore, from Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma, “mark, sign, token”) + French -phore (from Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros, suffix indicating a bearer or carrier)). By surface analysis, sema- + -phore. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛm.əˌfɔː/, /ˈsɛm.əˌfoɹ/ 1. To signal using, or as if using, a semaphore, with the implication that it is done nonverbally. Labels: ambitransitive, figuratively Example: The person intending to Semaphore will make the International Code Signal VOX (I am going to Semaphore to you), and set his Semaphore at the alphabetical sign [...] with the Indicator out, and wait until the person to whom the Semaphore signal is to be made hoists his answering pennant close up. [...] The British method of Semaphoring by flags held in the hand which is shown in plate VIII is exactly the same as the British Movable Semaphore system, which has just been explained, the positions of the apparatus which denote the letters, numbers, and special signs being, it will be seen, identical in each case, and the only difference being in the apparatus employed. Example: These gunny-sack chaps are not animals or savages. Look, Henry! They are semaphoring! See that tree there, and that big one across the cañon. Watch the branches wave.
Word: lupus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin lupus (“wolf”). Doublet of lobo and wolf. Pronunciation: /ˈluːpəs/, /ˈlupəs/, /ˈlʉːpəs/ 1. Any of a number of autoimmune diseases, the most common of which is systemic lupus erythematosus. Labels: uncountable Example: You like the name quesalupa? That is a little like "case of lupus". I just keep thinking about that. Example: After the singer was diagnosed with lupus, she tells the vodcast “Giving Back Generation” that she discovered the disease has a direct impact on her weight, which made her struggle privately.
Word: forlorn Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English forlorn, forloren, from Old English forloren (past participle of forlēosan (“to lose”)), from Proto-Germanic *fraluzanaz (“lost”), past participle of Proto-Germanic *fraleusaną (“to lose”), equivalent to for- + lorn. Cognate with West Frisian ferlern (“lost”), Saterland Frisian ferlädden (“lost”), Dutch verloren (“lost”), German Low German verloren (“lost”), German verloren (“lost”), Swedish förlorad (“lost”). See further at lese/leese, lorn. Pronunciation: /fəˈlɔːn/, /fɔːˈlɔːn/, /fɚˈlɔɹn/, /fɔɹˈlɔɹn/ 1. Abandoned, deserted, left behind. Example: For miſerie doth braueſt mindes abate, / And make them ſeeke for that they wont to ſcorne, / Of fortune and of hope at once forlorne. Example: Some ſay that Rauens foſter forlorne children, / The vvhilſt their ovvne birds famiſh in their neſts: / Oh be to me though thy hard hart ſay no, / Nothing ſo kinde but ſomething pittifull. 2. Pitifully sad, wretched, miserable; lonely, especially from feeling abandoned, deserted, forsaken. Example: For here forlorn and loſt I tread, / With fainting ſteps and ſlow; / Where wilds immeaſurably ſpread, / Seem lengthening as I go. Example: This is the Maiden all forlorn, That milked the Cow with the crumpled Horn[.] 3. Unlikely to succeed; hopeless. Example: To begin therefore with Traditions, which is your forlorn hope that in the first place we are to set upon: this must I needs tell you before we begin, that you much mistake the matter, if you think that traditions of all sorts promiscuously are struck at by our religion. Example: Well! It is a forlorn hope at the best, and not much the forlorner for being delayed till dark.
Word: forlorn Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English forlorn, forloren, from Old English forloren (past participle of forlēosan (“to lose”)), from Proto-Germanic *fraluzanaz (“lost”), past participle of Proto-Germanic *fraleusaną (“to lose”), equivalent to for- + lorn. Cognate with West Frisian ferlern (“lost”), Saterland Frisian ferlädden (“lost”), Dutch verloren (“lost”), German Low German verloren (“lost”), German verloren (“lost”), Swedish förlorad (“lost”). See further at lese/leese, lorn. Pronunciation: /fəˈlɔːn/, /fɔːˈlɔːn/, /fɚˈlɔɹn/, /fɔɹˈlɔɹn/ 1. A forlorn hope. Example: The Regiment being drawn up into the former Figure, they may proceed to Firings upon it, firſt let the Forlorns fire five or six times over, being commanded by the eldeſt Captains Lieutenant, who is to be aſſiſted by a couple of able Serjeants; after let him wheel off to the right and left, and bring them down in the Reer of the Pikes. Then let the ſecond Captains Lieutenant being aſſiſted by two Serjeants lead up the reſerves by the out-ſide of the Pikes, at ſuch time when the Forlorns begin to come off, […] Example: […] I ordered the forlorns to advance and to march, at their open order, towards the upland, and by this time the tide was upon the ground wee ſtood on: The forlorn were no ſooner advanced a few rods, before there was firing on both ſides; […] 2. A member of a forlorn hope.
Word: forlorn Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English forlorn, forloren, from Old English forloren (past participle of forlēosan (“to lose”)), from Proto-Germanic *fraluzanaz (“lost”), past participle of Proto-Germanic *fraleusaną (“to lose”), equivalent to for- + lorn. Cognate with West Frisian ferlern (“lost”), Saterland Frisian ferlädden (“lost”), Dutch verloren (“lost”), German Low German verloren (“lost”), German verloren (“lost”), Swedish förlorad (“lost”). See further at lese/leese, lorn. Pronunciation: /fəˈlɔːn/, /fɔːˈlɔːn/, /fɚˈlɔɹn/, /fɔɹˈlɔɹn/ 1. past participle of forlese. Labels: form-of, obsolete, participle, past
Word: overweight Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Germanic *uber Old English ofer- Middle English over- English over- English weight English overweight From over- + weight. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/, /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/ 1. Having a higher weight, especially body fat, than what is generally considered healthy for a given body type and height. Example: Before her diet, Jane was noticeably overweight, but she shed five kilos in the next two months. 2. Weighing more than what is allowed for safety or legal commerce. Example: All States allow oversized vehicles if a special permit is obtained, although most States will grant overweight permits only for non-divisible loads. Example: He got as far as the first weigh station, where troopers found his truck to be overweight and threatened to pull him off the road. 3. Having a portfolio relatively heavily invested in. Example: Our portfolio is very overweight (in) Asian technology stocks.
Word: overweight Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Germanic *uber Old English ofer- Middle English over- English over- English weight English overweight From over- + weight. Pronunciation: /ˈəʊvəweɪt/, /ˈoʊvɚweɪt/ 1. An excess of weight. Labels: uncountable Example: […] and shall pay not only the amount of the permit fee for overlength, overheight, overwidth or overweight as might be due, but an additional civil penalty of fifty dollars for the first offense, one hundred dollars for the second offense and one hundred fifty dollars for each additional offense; […] Example: It is clear that a bird would certainly be grounded by overweight if it retained eggs in the body and discharged them in large numbers at one time, like a turtle[.] 2. The condition of being overweight. Labels: uncountable Example: SCHOOL MEAL ISSUES FOR CHILDREN AT RISK FOR OVERWEIGHT 3. An overweight person. Labels: countable Example: The study provides up-to-date facts on the variety of diseases, vascular, metabolic, hepatic, and other, which are responsible for the excess mortality of overweights. Example: Singh found that the normal weight figures were judged more attractive than the underweights‚ who were more attractive than the overweights. 4. A security or class of securities in which one has a heavy concentration. Labels: countable Example: Apple common stock is one of our overweights.
Word: overweight Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Germanic *uber Old English ofer- Middle English over- English over- English weight English overweight From over- + weight. 1. To weigh down: to put too heavy a burden on. Labels: transitive Example: Such things are not for us to know. Knowledge is to the strong, and we are weak. Too much wisdom would perchance blind our imperfect sight, and too much strength would make us drunk, and over-weight our feeble reason till it fell and we were drowned in the depths of our own vanity. Example: By noon the fat, perspiring, and importantly busy merchant arrives, overweighted with red blood, fat, and responsibility, for a game of manille or dominoes with three or four old cronies. 2. To place excessive weight or emphasis on; to overestimate the importance of. Labels: transitive Example: We also over-weight such vaine future conjectures, which infant-spirits give us. Example: Kinnel explained it, the problem at Select High Income was that it overweighted mortgage bonds and underweighted other types of corporate debt, a strategy that backfired when the mortgage market collapsed.
Word: plaza Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish plaza (“town-square or central place of gathering”), from Latin platea, from Ancient Greek πλατεῖα (plateîa), clipping of πλατεῖα ὁδός (plateîa hodós, “broad way”). Doublet of piatza, piazza, and place. Pronunciation: /ˈplæzə/, /ˈplɑːzə/ 1. A town's public square. Example: Tourists gathered in the central plaza. 2. An open area used for gathering in a city, often having small trees and sitting benches. 3. A strip mall. Labels: Canada, US 4. A shopping mall. Example: The hotel overlooks a busy shopping plaza.
Word: stamina Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin stāmina, plural of stāmen. Pronunciation: /ˈstæmɪnə/, /ˈstæmənə/ 1. The energy and strength for continuing to do something over a long period of time; power of sustained exertion, or resistance to hardship, illness etc. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: He has a lot of stamina. I suppose that's why he can run for a long time. Example: In the first five minutes muscles which he had not been aware that he possessed had started to ache like neglected teeth. His respect for the toughness and durability of artists' models was now solid. How they acquired the stamina to go through this sort of thing all day and then bound off to Bohemian revels at night was more than he could understand. 2. The basic elements of a thing; rudimentary structures or qualities. Labels: obsolete, plural, plural-only, uncountable, usually
Word: stamina Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin stāmina, plural of stāmen. Pronunciation: /ˈstæmɪnə/, /ˈstæmənə/ 1. plural of stamen Labels: form-of, plural, rare Example: 1790, William Curtis, The Botanical Magazine, Or, Flower-Garden Displayed, Volume 3, 2006 Gutenberg eBook edition, In the specimens we have examined, and which perhaps have been rendered luxuriant by culture, the number of stamina has been from twelve to sixteen; of styles, from six to eight; of flowers on the same stalk, from one to eight. Example: 1832 December 8, Spirit of Discovery, in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Number 579, 2005 Gutenberg eBook edition, The gay flowers of the hibiscus tiliaceus, as well as the splendid huth or Barringtonia speciosa, covered with its beautiful flowers, the petals of which are white, and the edges of the stamina delicately tinged with pink, give to the trees when in full bloom a magnificent appearance; the hibiscus rosa-chinensis, or kowa of the natives also grows in luxuriance and beauty.
Word: flatfish Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From flat + fish. Pronunciation: /ˈflætfɪʃ/ 1. A fish of the order Pleuronectiformes, the adults of which have both eyes on one side and usually swim with the other side down, such as a flounder, a halibut, or a sole. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: luck Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English luk, lukke, related to Old Frisian luk (“luck”), West Frisian gelok (“luck”), Saterland Frisian Gluk (“luck”), Dutch geluk (“luck, happiness”), Low German luk (“luck”), German Glück (“luck, good fortune, happiness”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål lykke (“luck, happiness”), Norwegian Nynorsk lukke (“luck, happiness”), Swedish lycka (“luck, happiness”), Icelandic lukka (“happiness”). According to the OED, it may be related to lock. A loanword into English in the 15th century (probably as a gambling term) from Middle Dutch luc, a shortened form of gheluc (“good fortune”), whence Modern Dutch geluk. Middle Dutch luc, gheluc has parallels with Middle High German lücke, gelücke (Modern German Glück). The word occurs only from the 12th century, apparently first in Rhine Frankish. Perhaps from a Frankish *galukki. The word enters standard Middle High German during the 13th century, and spreads to English and Scandinavian in the Late Middle Ages. Its origin seems to have been regional or dialectal, and there were competing German words such as gevelle or schick, or the Latinate fortūne from Latin fortūna. Its etymology is unknown, although there are numerous proposals as to its derivations from a number of roots. Use as a verb in American English is late (1940s), but there was a Middle English verb lukken (“to chance, to happen by good fortune”) in the 15th century. Pronunciation: /lʌk/, [lɐk], /lʊk/ 1. Something that happens to someone by chance, a chance occurrence. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: The raffle is just a matter of luck. Example: Gilbert had some bad luck yesterday — he got pick-pocketed and lost fifty dollars. 2. Something that happens to someone by chance, a chance occurrence. Labels: especially, uncountable, usually Example: Sometimes it takes a bit of luck to get success. Example: I couldn't believe my luck when I found a fifty dollar bill on the street. 3. A superstitious feeling that brings fortune or success. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: He blew on the dice for luck. Example: I wish you lots of luck for the exam tomorrow. 4. Success. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: I tried for ages to find a pair of blue suede shoes, but didn't have any luck. Example: He has a lot of luck with the ladies. Perhaps it's because of his new motorbike. 5. The results of a random number generator. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: The creators of tool-assisted speedruns often manipulate luck to get the most favorable results in order to save the most time.
Word: luck Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English luk, lukke, related to Old Frisian luk (“luck”), West Frisian gelok (“luck”), Saterland Frisian Gluk (“luck”), Dutch geluk (“luck, happiness”), Low German luk (“luck”), German Glück (“luck, good fortune, happiness”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål lykke (“luck, happiness”), Norwegian Nynorsk lukke (“luck, happiness”), Swedish lycka (“luck, happiness”), Icelandic lukka (“happiness”). According to the OED, it may be related to lock. A loanword into English in the 15th century (probably as a gambling term) from Middle Dutch luc, a shortened form of gheluc (“good fortune”), whence Modern Dutch geluk. Middle Dutch luc, gheluc has parallels with Middle High German lücke, gelücke (Modern German Glück). The word occurs only from the 12th century, apparently first in Rhine Frankish. Perhaps from a Frankish *galukki. The word enters standard Middle High German during the 13th century, and spreads to English and Scandinavian in the Late Middle Ages. Its origin seems to have been regional or dialectal, and there were competing German words such as gevelle or schick, or the Latinate fortūne from Latin fortūna. Its etymology is unknown, although there are numerous proposals as to its derivations from a number of roots. Use as a verb in American English is late (1940s), but there was a Middle English verb lukken (“to chance, to happen by good fortune”) in the 15th century. Pronunciation: /lʌk/, [lɐk], /lʊk/ 1. To find something through good fortune; used with into, on, onto or upon. Labels: informal, intransitive Example: I lucked upon a seat, settled in, nodded off and 20 minutes later heard my name being called by the admitting nurse. Example: But then I lucked on a backpackers' lodge lying half-hidden behind some trees right next to the road. It was a considerable relief to both my mind and my muscles.
Word: replica Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Italian replica, derived from Latin replicare (“to fold or bend back; to reply”). Doublet of reply and replicate. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛplɪkə/ 1. An exact copy. Example: The statue on the museum floor is an authentic replica. Example: Promontory's "last spike" ceremony was so significant to the USA's history that it is still regularly re-enacted today, using replica locomotives that nose up to each other just as the originals did. 2. A copy made at a smaller scale than the original. Example: He collected replicas of old cars.
Word: guinea pig Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The origin of "guinea" in "guinea pig" is uncertain. One theory is that the animals, which are originally from South America, were brought to Europe by way of Guinea, leading people to think they had originated there. "Guinea" was also frequently used in English to refer generally to any far-off, unknown country, and so the name may simply be a colorful reference to the animal's foreignness. Others believe "guinea" may be an alteration of the word coney (“rabbit”); guinea pigs were referred to as "pig coneys" in Edward Topsell's 1607 treatise on quadrupeds. The figurative sense of "experimental subject" was first used in the early 20th century, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, which cites examples from 1913 and 1920. It arose from the once extensive usage of guinea pigs in scientific research since at least the 17th century, which had a peak in popularity in the 19th and 20th centuries, when they were part of groundbreaking germ-theory research and of orbital space flights. Compare Italian cavia, Portuguese cobaia, and the latter's loans into French cobaye, Spanish cobaya, Romanian cobai, and Turkish kobay, all of which mean both "guinea pig" and "volunteer for lab experiment", with the latter often being the commoner sense. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɪni pɪɡ/ 1. Any tailless rodent of the genus Cavia, which have short ears and superficially resemble large hamsters. 2. Any tailless rodent of the genus Cavia, which have short ears and superficially resemble large hamsters. Labels: especially 3. A living experimental subject. Labels: figuratively Example: He became a human guinea pig and was paid by the company. Example: [H]e spoke of the unwisdom of volunteering one's services as a guinea pig. 4. A professional company director, without time or real qualifications for the duties. Labels: dated, slang 5. A midshipman in the East India service; (by extension) a low-skilled or non-proficient seaman. Labels: obsolete Example: A good seaman he is... none of your guinea-pigs. Example: I promise you, to me it was no slight penance to be exposed during the whole voyage to the half sneering, satirical looks of the mates and guinea-pigs.
Word: gyroscope Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gew-der. Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros)lbor. French gyro- Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti Proto-Hellenic *sképťomai Ancient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai) Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Hellenic *-ós ▲ Ancient Greek -ος (-os)influ. Ancient Greek -ός (-ós) Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós) Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *-eyéti Proto-Indo-European *-esyéti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Ancient Greek -έω (-éō) Ancient Greek σκοπέω (skopéō)der. French -scope French gyroscopebor. English gyroscope Borrowed from French gyroscope, coined in 1852 by physicist Leon Foucault, equivalent to gyro- + -scope, from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle”) and σκοπός (skopós, “watcher”). Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒaɪ.ɹəˌskəʊp/, /ˈd͡ʒaɪ.ɹəˌskoʊp/ 1. An apparatus composed of a wheel which spins inside of a frame (gimbal) and causes the balancing of the frame in any direction or position. In the form of a gyroscopic stabilizer, used to help keep aircraft and ships steady. Example: Working with NR, ScotRail and Porterbrook, Perpetuum has fitted sensors with gyroscopes and accelerometers to trains that are already in passenger service.
Word: Medicaid Part of Speech: name Etymology: Blend of medical + aid. Pronunciation: /ˈmɛdɪˌkeɪd/ 1. US government system for providing medical assistance to persons unable to afford medical treatments. Example: Former Trump adviser Steve Bannon has warned Musk that he needs to be "careful" about cutting Medicaid as a "lot of MAGA" uses the health care plan.
Word: melancholy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”) (from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”)), referring to the humour which ancient Hippocratic and later Galenic medicine associated with sadness and despondency. Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia. Pronunciation: /ˈmɛlənkəli/, /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ 1. Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four "cardinal humours" of animal bodies. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable Example: Melancholy, cold and dry, thick, black, and sour, […] is a bridle to the other two hot humours, blood and choler, preserving them in the blood, and nourishing the bones. 2. Great sadness or depression, especially of a thoughtful or introspective nature. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: My mind was troubled with deep melancholy. Example: I have neither the scholar’s melancholy, which is emulation; nor the musician’s, which is fantastical; nor the courtier’s, which is proud; nor the soldier’s, which is ambitious; nor the lawyer’s, which is politic; nor the lady’s, which is nice; nor the lover’s, which is all these; but it is a melancholy of mine own, compounded of many simples, extracted from many objects, and, indeed, the sundry contemplation of my travels; in which my often rumination wraps me in a most humorous sadness.
Word: melancholy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”) (from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”)), referring to the humour which ancient Hippocratic and later Galenic medicine associated with sadness and despondency. Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia. Pronunciation: /ˈmɛlənkəli/, /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ 1. Affected with great sadness or depression. Labels: literary Example: Melancholy people don't talk much. Example: […] he is melancholy without cause, and merry against the hair: […] 2. Suggestive of wistfulness or subdued emotion. Example: Twice a day she took them out to feed in the marshy places, let them waddle and gobble for an hour or two, and then drove them back and shut them up in a small dark shed to digest their meal, whence they gave forth occasionally a melancholy quack. Example: It was the same old song / With a melancholy sound.
Word: scalene Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Late Latin scalēnus (“of unequal sides”), from Ancient Greek σκᾰληνός (skălēnós, “uneven, unequal”). Pronunciation: /ˈskeɪliːn/, /ˈskeɪlin/, /skeɪˈlin/ 1. Having sides all unequal in length. Labels: not-comparable Example: scalene triangle 2. Of or pertaining to the scalene muscle. Labels: not-comparable
Word: scalene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Late Latin scalēnus (“of unequal sides”), from Ancient Greek σκᾰληνός (skălēnós, “uneven, unequal”). Pronunciation: /ˈskeɪliːn/, /ˈskeɪlin/, /skeɪˈlin/ 1. Ellipsis of scalene muscle. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis 2. Ellipsis of scalene triangle. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis
Word: bepelt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- Old English be- Middle English bi- English be- English pelt English bepelt From be- + pelt. 1. To pelt soundly. Labels: transitive
Word: hammerman Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From hammer + -man. 1. A hammerer; a forgeman.
Word: pancreas Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Existing in English since the sixteenth century: from Latin pancreas, from Ancient Greek πάγκρεας (pánkreas), from πᾶν (pân, “all”) (equivalent to English pan-) + κρέας (kréas, “flesh”). Pronunciation: /ˈpæŋkɹɪəs/, /ˈpæŋ.kɹi.əs/, /ˈpeɪŋ-/, /ˈpæn-/, /ˈpeɪn-/ 1. A gland near the stomach which secretes a fluid into the duodenum to assist with food digestion. Example: Chronic pancreatitis is a condition in which the pancreas is inflamed or swells for an extended period.
Word: handed Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *handuz Proto-West Germanic *handu Old English hand Middle English hond English hand Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English handed From hand + -ed. Pronunciation: /ˈhændɪd/, /ˈhændəd/ 1. Having a certain kind or number of hands. Labels: in-compounds, not-comparable 2. Synonym of chiral. Labels: informal, not-comparable 3. Having a peculiar or characteristic hand or way of treating others. Labels: in-compounds, not-comparable Example: As poisonous tongued as handed 4. With hands joined; hand in hand. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: yet now, if any two be but once handed in the Church, and have tasted in any sort the nuptiall bed, let them finde themselves never so mistak’n in their dispositions through any error, concealment, or misadventure, that through their different tempers, thoughts, and constitutions, they can neither be to one another a remedy against lonelines, nor live in any union or contentment all their dayes, yet they shall, so they be but found suitably weapon’d to the least possibility of sensuall enjoyment, be made, spight of antipathy to fadge together, and combine as they may to their unspeakable wearisomnes and despaire of all sociable delight in the ordinance which God establisht to that very end. Example: Into their inmost bower, / Handed they went.
Word: handed Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *handuz Proto-West Germanic *handu Old English hand Middle English hond English hand Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English handed From hand + -ed. Pronunciation: /ˈhændɪd/, /ˈhændəd/ 1. simple past and past participle of hand Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: palace Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English paleys, from Old French palais, which comes from Latin palātium, from Palātium, in reference to the Palatine (Palatine Hill), one of the seven hills of Rome, where the aristocracy of the Roman Republic—and later, Roman emperors—built large, splendid residences. The name is ultimately either from Etruscan, the same source as Pales (“Pales, the Italic goddess of shepherds, flocks and livestock”), or Latin palus (“stake; enclosure”). Doublet of palazzo and Pfalz. Pronunciation: /ˈpælɪs/, [ˈpʰælɪs], /ˈpæləs/, [ˈpʰæləs] 1. Official residence of a head of state or other dignitary, especially in a monarchical or imperial governmental system. 2. A large and lavishly ornate residence. Example: On Madame de Mercœur's arrival at the palace she found the carriage and guards in waiting, the Queen having decided that she would do her niece the honour of going to meet her. Example: The original family who had begun to build a palace to rival Nonesuch had died out before they had put up little more than the gateway,[…]. 3. A large, ornate public building used for entertainment or exhibitions.
Word: palace Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English paleys, from Old French palais, which comes from Latin palātium, from Palātium, in reference to the Palatine (Palatine Hill), one of the seven hills of Rome, where the aristocracy of the Roman Republic—and later, Roman emperors—built large, splendid residences. The name is ultimately either from Etruscan, the same source as Pales (“Pales, the Italic goddess of shepherds, flocks and livestock”), or Latin palus (“stake; enclosure”). Doublet of palazzo and Pfalz. Pronunciation: /ˈpælɪs/, [ˈpʰælɪs], /ˈpæləs/, [ˈpʰæləs] 1. To decorate or ornate. Labels: archaic Example: And this Great King was a far-way, tremendous, golden figure, moving in a splendor as of fairy tales; palaced marvelously, so travelers told, in cities compared with which even Athens seemed mean. Example: May, with her green lap full of sprouting leaves and bright blossoms, her song-birds making the orchards and meadows vocal, and rippling streams and cultivated gardens; June, with full-blown roses and humming-bees, plenteous meadows and wide cornfields, with embattled lines rising thick and green; August, with reddened orchards and heavy-headed harvests of grain, October, with yellow leaves and swart shadows; December, palaced in snow, and idly whistling through his numb fingers;-all have their various charm; and in the rose-bowers of summer, and as we spread our hands before the torches of winter, we say joyfully, "Thou hast made all things beautiful in their time."
Word: handmaid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English handemayde, hand-maide, handmaide, handmayd, hand mayde, hand-mayde, haundmaid, hondemayde, hondmaide, hond-mayde. By surface analysis, compound of hand + maid, the first component in the sense of "ready at hand". Pronunciation: /ˈhændˌmeɪd/ 1. A maid that waits at hand; a female servant or attendant. Labels: historical 2. A moth of the species Dysauxes ancilla.
Word: handmaiden Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English hande mayden, handmaiden, hand mayden, hand-mayden, handmayden, hondemaiden, hond maydyn, hoondmaydyn. By surface analysis, hand + maiden. Sense 2 is an allusion to Canadian writer Margaret Atwood's novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985), in which "handmaids" are women who serve the male commanders in a patriarchal dystopia. 1. Alternative form of handmaid. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: And on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy: Example: Online and over Shabbat dinners, arguments about the election have grown bitter. Those grudgingly planning to vote for Labour have been called traitors to the community and self-hating Jews. Anti-Corbyn die-hards, on the other hand, have been branded the handmaidens of a hard Brexit. 2. A cisgender woman who supports transgender rights. Labels: derogatory Example: The fact that it is not possible to be seen as a supporter of trans people's human rights, as all feminists are or at least should be, unless we fully capitulate and take the metaphorical – and sometimes literal – boot in the face shows how extreme trans activists, enabled by their handmaiden allies, are nothing but a misogynistic men’s rights movement. Example: Solidarity with trans people but not women[,] I note[,] Angela. Especially the boring ones who fought for rights that you now enjoy. Enjoy being a handmaiden.
Word: handsaw Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English handsawe, handsagh, equivalent to hand + saw. Cognate with West Frisian hânseage (“handsaw”), Dutch handzaag (“handsaw”), German Handsäge (“handsaw”), Danish håndsav (“handsaw”), Swedish handsåg (“handsaw”), Icelandic handsög (“handsaw”). 1. A saw small enough to be used by one hand.
Word: handsaw Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Corruption of heronshaw. 1. A heron. Labels: obsolete Example: When the wind is southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw.
Word: pyramidal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English piramidal, piramydale, from Medieval Latin pȳramidālis. By surface analysis, pyramid + -al. Pronunciation: /pɪˈɹæm.ɪ.dl̩/ 1. Pyramid-shaped. Labels: not-comparable Example: At one point was an isolated pyramidal rock, crowned by a great tree, which appeared to be separated by a cleft from the main crag. Example: Below is the deep abyss of the Lauterbrunnen valley, and at its head a stately semi-circle of mountains, with the pyramidal Lauterbrunnen Breithorn as the centre-piece. 2. Pyramid-shaped. Labels: not-comparable
Word: pyramidal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English piramidal, piramydale, from Medieval Latin pȳramidālis. By surface analysis, pyramid + -al. Pronunciation: /pɪˈɹæm.ɪ.dl̩/ 1. One of the carpal bones.
Word: unvalued Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- English valued English unvalued From un- + valued. 1. Not having been valued or appraised. Labels: not-comparable Example: an unvalued estate 2. Not considered to be of worth; deemed valueless. Labels: not-comparable Example: c. 1601, Shakespeare, Hamlet, I, iii For he himself is subject to his birth; / He may not, as unvalued persons do, / Carve for himself, for on his choice depends / The safety and health of this whole state, / And therefore must his choice be circumscribed / Unto the voice and yielding of that body / Whereof he is the head. 3. Having inestimable value; invaluable. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: Madam, whatſoeuer you eſteeme Of this ſucceſſe, and loſſe vnualued, Both may inueſt you Empreſſe of the Eaſt: […] Example: Mongst which there in a siluer dish did ly / twoo golden apples of vnualewd price: / far passing those which Hercules came by, / or those which Atalanta did entice.
Word: upbreathe Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English up- Middle English breethder. Middle English brethen English breathe English upbreathe From up- + breathe. 1. To breathe up or out; to exhale. Labels: obsolete Example: To you corruptlesse hunny, and pure dew, Upbreathes our holy fire
Word: safari Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Arabic سَفَر (safar)bor. Swahili safaribor. English safari Borrowed from Swahili safari (“journey”), borrowed from Arabic سَفَر (safar). Pronunciation: /səˈfɑːɹ.i/ 1. A trip into any undeveloped area to see, photograph or to hunt wild animals in their own environment. Example: We're going on a safari in Kenya. 2. A caravan going on a safari. 3. Any trip for the purpose of discovering something new or acquiring prizes or trophies. Labels: broadly Example: An ardent junker herself, Mrs. Egge tells how to conduct a fascinating junk safari into the attic or antique and secondhand shops and what to do with the trophies you bring home. Example: Come on, boy, move that body/ 'Cause tonight I'm naughty, naughty/ Dance with me like it's my party/ We go wild, we're in safari
Word: safari Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Arabic سَفَر (safar)bor. Swahili safaribor. English safari Borrowed from Swahili safari (“journey”), borrowed from Arabic سَفَر (safar). Pronunciation: /səˈfɑːɹ.i/ 1. To take part in a safari. Labels: intransitive
Word: handy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English handy, hondi (attested in personal names), alteration of earlier hendi (“handy, skillful”), from Old English *hendiġ (“skillful”) (attested in listhendiġ (“skilled in art”)), from Proto-West Germanic *handīg, *handag, *handug, from Proto-Germanic *handugaz (“handy, skillful, nimble”), from *handuz (“hand”), equivalent to hand + -y. Cognate with Saterland Frisian jäntich (“handy”), Middle Low German handich (“skillful, apt”), Middle High German handec, hendec (“manual, hand-held”), Old Norse hǫndugr (“efficient”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐌲𐍃 (handugs, “wise, clever”). Akin to Dutch handig (“handy”), Norwegian hendig (“handy”), Swedish händig (“handy”). Pronunciation: /ˈhæn.di/ 1. Easy to use, useful. Example: Some people regard duct tape as a handy fix-all. 2. Nearby, within reach. Example: You wouldn’t have a screwdriver handy, would you? Example: I keep a first-aid kit handy in case of emergency. 3. Dexterous, skilful. (of a person) Example: She's very handy: she made all her own kitchen cupboards. 4. Physically violent; tending to use one's fists. Labels: slang Example: We had a sergeant who was a bit handy with the rougher elements. He dealt with them a little bit differently to what I do. Example: The Sloanes said he had nothing on them, that he threatened them, made up a lot of lies. Tried to attack them, got a bit handy. 5. Of a freight ship: having a small cargo capacity (less than 40,000 DWT); belonging to the handysize class.
Word: handy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *handuz Proto-West Germanic *handu Old English hand Middle English hond English hand Proto-Germanic *-j-, *-ij- Proto-West Germanic *-i, *-ī Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English handy From hand + -y (diminutive suffix). 1. The hand. Labels: childish Example: Clap, clap handies Mammie's wee, wee ain.
Word: handy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of handgun and hand job followed by -y (diminutive suffix). 1. A handgun. Labels: Multicultural-London-English, slang Example: Look left and right, when I cross these roads, I don’t wanna get fright We got handies and shotties, which one should you decide? 2. A hand job. Labels: slang, vulgar
Word: handy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Disputed; see German Handy: according to some commentators, this meaning is originally from German (a condensed form of Handfunktelefon), whereas others claim there was an early, but now neglected, antetype of it in English (from etymology 1). 1. (mostly used by Germans) Synonym of mobile phone. Example: An important field of application for small rechargeable lithium ion batteries is that of the fast growing market of cellular phones or ‘handies’. 277,000,000 handies were sold worldwide in 1999. Example: “I’m afraid Mister Franklyn is occupied until seven o’clock. He shall call when he breaks. I’ll take a handy to receive calls—”[…]The distance frees him to take phone calls on his handy.
Word: hand-me-down Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See hand down and me. 1. An item that is passed along for someone else to use. Example: Well, I'm willing, I'm able, I'm practically much alive / Well, I'm six-feet-tall, I ain't no hand-me-down Example: But these routes have always had hand-me-downs that aren't really designed for the job. 2. A piece of clothing or other item which has been outgrown by an older sibling and passed down to a younger one. Labels: especially
Word: hand-me-down Part of Speech: adj Etymology: See hand down and me. 1. Used or second-hand, passed along by its prior user. Labels: not-comparable Example: And what costume shall the poor girl wear / To all tomorrow's parties? / A hand-me-down dress from who knows where Example: 1983, 19th of March, Presidential Radio Address by Ronald Reagan I don't want America's recovery and security to be sacrificed on an altar of discredited hand-me-down theories. And if you'll help us, they won't be.
Word: hand-me-down Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See hand down and me. 1. To pass along to someone else. Labels: rare Example: “See into life, don’t just look at it” is her [Anne Baxter’s] creditable credo, hand-me-downed from her famous architect grandfather, the late Frank Lloyd Wright. Example: The carpet was a montage of fade and unfade indicating that when new it had been used in another office—probably Mr. Barlowe’s—and then hand-me-downed when the decorators had cut loose.
Word: pistil Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French pistil. Doublet of pestle and pistillum. 1. A discrete organ in the center of a flower capable of receiving pollen and producing a fruit, it is divided into an ovary, style and stigma. Example: Some plant species have more than one pistil per flower.
Word: handout Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Deverbal from hand out. Pronunciation: /ˈhændaʊt/, /ˈhændˌaʊt/ 1. An act of handing out something. 2. An act of handing out something. Labels: US, archaic, rare 3. A printed sheet such as a leaflet or pamphlet, or a worksheet, that is given out free of charge (usually by hand) for a certain use, for example as an advertisement or for information. Example: Therefore, it is often recommended that the framework or outline for a lecture be provided to students on the chalkboard or in a handout so they can more easily follow the logic as the lecture progresses. 4. A printed sheet such as a leaflet or pamphlet, or a worksheet, that is given out free of charge (usually by hand) for a certain use, for example as an advertisement or for information. 5. A gift of money or material assistance to the needy or poor. Labels: derogatory, informal, often Example: We ain't runnin' no day nursery. These you see here is all the real thing. Maybe we asks fer a handout now and then; but that ain't our reg'lar lay. Example: They dropped old Henry at Tarpin, where he soon drank up all his wages. When Rapp picked him up there, he was living on hand-outs. 6. A gift of money or material assistance to the needy or poor. Labels: broadly, derogatory, informal, often Example: They [Manchester United] had contributed heavily to their own downfall, most glaringly with the senselessness of Chris Smalling's red card, and they should know by now that Manuel Pellegrini's team are not the kind of opponents to pass up these kind of handouts.
Word: handout Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Deverbal from hand out. Pronunciation: /ˈhændaʊt/, /ˈhændˌaʊt/ 1. Of a thing: given out free of charge, usually by hand. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of or pertaining to the giving of handouts (gifts of money or material assistance, printed sheets, etc.). Labels: not-comparable
Word: worksheet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From work + sheet. First use appears c. 1823 in the publications of Isaac D'Israeli. 1. A sheet of paper or computerized document on which problems are worked out or solved and the answers are recorded. 2. A sheet of paper listing work that is completed, to be completed or in progress. Example: The final outshopping was 55002, which had arrived on October 14 [1980] for a two-month repair, with the usual worksheet taped to its bodyside stating "to be repainted in two-tone green".
Word: worksheet Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From work + sheet. First use appears c. 1823 in the publications of Isaac D'Israeli. 1. To teach or assess by means of worksheets. Labels: ambitransitive Example: Both reading and writing were viewed as a series of discreet and essentially uninteresting skills to be described, worksheeted, and tested. Students' own intentions or ability as speakers, listeners, readers, or writers were never a consideration. Example: Lesson after lesson of worksheeting will quickly leave the children bored and disaffected. The class will also suss out pretty quickly that you're being lazy.