nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: stream Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English streem, strem, from Old English strēam, from Proto-West Germanic *straum, from Proto-Germanic *straumaz (“stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *srowmos (“river”), from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow”). Doublet of rheum. Cognate with Scots strem, streme, streym (“stream, river”), North Frisian Stroom, struum (“stream”), West Frisian stream (“stream”), Low German Stroom (“stream”), Dutch stroom (“current, flow, stream”), German Strom (“current, stream”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål strøm (“current, stream, flow”), Norwegian Nynorsk straum (“current, stream, flow”), Swedish ström (“current, stream, flow”), Faroese streymur (“stream”), Icelandic straumur (“current, stream, torrent, flood”), Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “stream, flow”), Lithuanian srovė (“current, stream”) Polish strumień (“stream”), Welsh ffrwd (“stream, current”), Scottish Gaelic sruth (“stream”). Pronunciation: /ˈstɹiːm/, [ˈstɹ̝̊ʷɪi̯m] ~ [ˈst̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷɪi̯m], /ˈstɾim/, [ˈstɾim], /ˈstɹim/ 1. To flow in a continuous or steady manner, like a liquid. Labels: intransitive Example: beneath those banks where rivers now stream Example: When I came to myself I was lying, not in the outer blackness of the Mohune vault, not on a floor of sand; but in a bed of sweet clean linen, and in a little whitewashed room, through the window of which the spring sunlight streamed. 2. To extend; to stretch out with a wavy motion; to float in the wind. Labels: intransitive Example: A flag streams in the wind. 3. To discharge in a stream. Labels: transitive Example: The soldier's wound was streaming blood. 4. To push continuous data (e.g. music) from a server to a client computer while it is being used (played) on the client. Labels: Internet 5. To livestream. Labels: Internet Example: I did factor in the whole, like, "oh, I wonder if doing streaming, and the money that's kind of attached to it, is the reason I wanted to do this?", like, is it warping my brain? I did think about that. I've streamed for years and it's been my entire life and I've made a lot of money off it, and I wondered if that's what's affecting me and making me want to do this. And it's not.
Word: kinetic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Ancient Greek κινητικός (kinētikós, “puts in motion”), from κινέω (kinéō, “I move, put in motion”). Pronunciation: /kɪˈnɛtɪk/, [kɪˈnɛɾɪk], /kaɪˈnɛtɪk/, [kaɪˈnɛɾɪk], /kɪˈnetɪk/ 1. Relating to motion. Labels: not-comparable 2. Relating to kinesis or motor function. Labels: not-comparable 3. Relating to the movement of an organism in response to an external stimulus. Labels: not-comparable 4. Relating to the force driving life forward. Labels: not-comparable 5. Relating to active warfare or the use of lethal force. Labels: euphemistic, not-comparable Example: kinetic warfare 6. Frantic; busy. Labels: not-comparable, slang Example: Sorry it took so long; it's been kind of kinetic around here. Example: Their enthusiasm and group cohesion helped when things got kinetic.
Word: pram Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per-der. Proto-Italic *peri- Latin per- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts? Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder. Proto-Italic *amβi- Latin ambi- Proto-Indo-European *h₂elh₂-der. Proto-Italic *alō Latin *alō Latin ambulō Latin perambulō Latin perambulātusbor. English perambulate Proto-Indo-European *-tōr Proto-Italic *-tōr Latin -tor Latin -ātor Old French -eorbor. Middle English -our ▲ Latin -torlbor. English -or English perambulatorclip. English pram Clipping of perambulator. Pronunciation: /pɹæm/ 1. A small vehicle, usually covered, in which a newborn baby is pushed around in a lying position. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, UK Example: Janet Bird née Ollerenshaw was pushing her pram along Tockley High Street. Example: For a start the pram was heavier than it appeared, and also they were pulling it along very uneven ground. The edge of the field was slightly banked which tilted the pram at an angle. 2. A pushchair; a buggy. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, UK, broadly, colloquial
Word: pram Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Dutch praam (“a flat-bottomed boat”), from Middle Dutch praem, from Middle Low German prām, from Old Czech *prám, from Proto-Slavic *pormъ. Pronunciation: /pɹɑːm/ 1. A flat-bottomed barge used on shallow shores to convey cargo to and from ships that cannot enter the harbour. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, UK, historical 2. A similar barge used as platform for cannons in shallow waters which seagoing warships cannot enter. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, UK, historical 3. A type of dinghy with a flat bow. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, UK Example: Although the pram, like the johnboat, has a squared-off bow as well as stern, the bow lines on the pram will be narrower than those encountered on a johnboat. Example: Nothing can beat the simple pleasure of paddling a pram around on a foggy dawn, probing pad flats, stumps and fallen logs for lurking bass.
Word: disconcert Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French desconcerter, from des- (“dis-”) + concerter (“to bring into agreement, organize”). Pronunciation: /ˌdɪskənˈsɜːt/, /ˌdɪskənˈsɝt/ 1. To upset the composure of; to startle. Labels: transitive Example: The embrace disconcerted the daughter-in-law somewhat, as the caresses of old gentlemen unshorn and perfumed with tobacco might well do. 2. To bring into confusion. Labels: transitive 3. To frustrate, discomfit. Labels: transitive Example: The emperor disconcerted the plans of his enemy.
Word: disconcert Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French desconcerter, from des- (“dis-”) + concerter (“to bring into agreement, organize”). Pronunciation: /ˌdɪskənˈsɜːt/, /ˌdɪskənˈsɝt/ 1. A state of disunion.
Word: holly Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English holly, holi, holie, a shortened variation of holin, holyn (> English dialectal hollen, holm), from Old English holeġn, holen (“holly; prince, protector”), from Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“holly”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”). Cognates Cognate with Scots holin, hollin, holyn (“holly”), Dutch hulst (“holly”), German Hulst (“holly”), French houx ("holly" < Germanic), Danish hylver (“holly”), Welsh celyn (“holly”), Russian ко́лос (kólos, “ear of wheat”), Albanian kalli (“straw, chaff”), Latin culmus (“stalk, stem”), Sanskrit कटम्ब (kaṭamba, “arrow”), Old Church Slavonic класъ (klasŭ, “ear of grain”). Pronunciation: /ˈhɒli/, /ˈhɔlɪj/, /ˈhɑli/, /ˈhɔle/, /-lɪ/ 1. Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper. 2. The wood from this tree. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Any of several not closely related plant species likened to Ilex because of their prickly, evergreen foliage and/or round, bright-red berries Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: amoeba Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀμοιβή (amoibḗ, “change”), referring to constantly changing shape of these organisms. Pronunciation: /əˈmiːbə/ 1. A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia. 2. Any eukaryote that exhibits amoeboid movement, having the ability to change its shape. 3. Any member of the class or phylum Sarcodina, a polyphyletic grouping into which diverse amoeboids were placed. Labels: historical 4. A graph of the real part of the logarithms of a polynomial equation in complex numbers. 5. An asexual. Labels: slang 6. A large pattern with fluctuating edges typically made of whitespace.
Word: oy Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Borrowed from Yiddish אוי (oy, “oh, oy”). Pronunciation: /ɔɪ/ 1. An exclamation typically expressing mild frustration or expressing feelings of uncertainty or concern.
Word: oy Part of Speech: intj Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Pronunciation: /ɔɪ/ 1. Alternative spelling of oi (“hey, hi, yo”). Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: Tommo (to Shayne) Oy, get the fuck out of my bag!
Word: tipsy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From tips + -y. Compare artsy, folksy, and sudsy. Pronunciation: /ˈtɪp.si/ 1. Slightly drunk, fuddled, staggering, foolish as a result of drinking alcoholic beverages. Labels: informal, slang Example: I was too tipsy to protest. 2. Unsteady, askew. 3. Containing alcohol. Labels: informal Example: tipsy apple pie
Word: scaffolding Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English scaffaldyng, skaffaldyng, equivalent to scaffold + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈskæfəldɪŋ/, /ˈskæˌfoʊldɪŋ/ 1. A temporary modular system of tubes, bamboo or wood forming a framework used to support people and material in the construction or repair of buildings and other large structures. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: […] transparent scaffoldings partially draped with often hallucinatory nets of lines, gouges, hatching and cross-hatching that somehow also depict varying degrees of flesh, features and expression. Example: On the day of RAIL 's site visit, in heavy weather, the scaffolding and decking that engineers stand on were submerged deep under choppy water, with work suspended. "We have to work around the tides," explained Project Director Alan Venables. "The wind pushes the tide up and the waves get larger. That causes some problems with the scaffold." 2. Source code etc. that is incomplete and serves as a basis for further development. Labels: uncountable, usually 3. Any framework or support. Labels: figuratively, uncountable, usually Example: We refer to the process by which socialization agents support emotional activity within the child as emotional scaffolding.
Word: scaffolding Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Pronunciation: /ˈskæfəldɪŋ/, /ˈskæˌfoʊldɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of scaffold Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: warning Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/, [ˈwɔːnɪŋ], /ˈwoɹnɪŋ/, [ˈwoɹnɪŋ], /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ 1. present participle of warn Labels: form-of, participle, present Example: Although the Celebrity was almost impervious to sarcasm, he was now beginning to exhibit visible signs of uneasiness,[…]. It was with a palpable relief that he heard the first warning notes of the figure.
Word: warning Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/, [ˈwɔːnɪŋ], /ˈwoɹnɪŋ/, [ˈwoɹnɪŋ], /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ 1. An instance of warning someone. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: “[…] Churchill, my dear fellow, we have such greedy sharks, and wolves in lamb's clothing. Oh, dear, there's so much to tell you, so many warnings to give you, but all that must be postponed for the moment.” Example: Without much warning, a deep voice addressed the crowd, calling for a reverent silence as the Texans who died at the Alamo battle were named. 2. Something spoken or written that is intended to warn. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The boss gave him a warning that he would be fired if he did not desist from his behaviour. Example: Risk is everywhere. From tabloid headlines insisting that coffee causes cancer (yesterday, of course, it cured it) to stern government warnings about alcohol and driving, the world is teeming with goblins.
Word: warning Part of Speech: intj Pronunciation: /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/, [ˈwɔːnɪŋ], /ˈwoɹnɪŋ/, [ˈwoɹnɪŋ], /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ 1. Used to warn of danger in signs and notices.
Word: landing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By surface analysis, land + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈlændɪŋ/ 1. An arrival at a surface, as of an airplane or any descending object. 2. An amphibious or airborne invasion. Example: The House should, I think, take formal cognisance of the liberation of Rome[…]. This is a memorable and glorious event, which rewards the intense fighting of the last five months in Italy. The original landing, made on January 22nd at Anzio, has, in the end, borne good fruit. 3. A place on a shoreline where a boat lands. 4. A level area at the top of a flight of stairs, or connecting one flight with another. Example: She crept up the stairs [...] On she went, across the landing, from which sprang the tall window, and up the next flight until she reached the top. 5. The amount of fish caught, as in a specific area or on a particular expedition. Labels: in-plural Example: The huge quantity of landings was periodically causing fish prices to crash, creating unprecedented havoc in the marketplace.
Word: landing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: By surface analysis, land + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈlændɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of land Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: pack up Part of Speech: verb 1. To give in; to give up; to leave in defeat. Example: Our last batter just struck out. Time to pack it up, boys. 2. To clear away and place into storage. 3. To put back together. 4. To move one’s residence. Example: After 5 months in Madrid, I've decided it is time to pack up. 5. To prepare for shipping, as a gift. Example: Pack up the crates. Example: Ashley: You're Dr. Warren, the one in charge of the excavation. Do you know what happened to the beacon? Dr. Warren: It was moved to the spaceport this morning. Manuel and I stayed behind to help pack up the camp. 6. To put into bags to prepare to move. Example: Julie DeLongpre: Is there anything I can do to help? Allen Gregory DeLongpre: Well, I guess maybe you could pack up your belongings- Julie: All right. And go back to wherever the hell you came from. Does that make sense? So, it does make sense? No? 7. To break, to cease to function. Labels: informal Example: The shop was driven by a hiccoughy old gas engine which sometimes packed up, to the great delight of all the juveniles. Example: Sitting mute, I watched the faint line of smoke fade into oblivion, and with it went the hopes of this CQ Contest... The Receiver power trannie had packed up. 8. To fill a pipe with cannabis for smoking. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: Ralph, it's your turn to pack up the bowl. Example: The bong is already packed up.
Word: tickle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English tiklen, tikelen, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a frequentative form of Middle English tikken (“to touch lightly”), thus equivalent to tick + -le; or perhaps related to Old English tinclian (“to tickle”). Compare North Frisian tigele (“to tickle”) (Hallig dialect), and tiikle (“to tickle”) (Amrum dialect), German dialectal zicklen (“to excite; stir up”). Alternatively, from a metathetic alteration of Middle English kitelen ("to tickle"; see kittle). Both are ultimately sound-symbolic. Pronunciation: /ˈtɪkl̩/ 1. The act of tickling. 2. An itchy feeling resembling the result of tickling. Example: I have a persistent tickle in my throat. 3. A light tap of the ball. Labels: informal Example: There's a very fine line between a tickle and an edge! 4. A narrow strait, such as between an island and the shore. Labels: Newfoundland Example: Charts and Plans. [...] No. New Charts. 2253 England, and south coast—Dartmouth harbour. [...] 3320 Newfoundland, Thimble tickles and Glover harbour—Head of Seal bay. Example: Cow Head itself is a prominent headland connected to the settlement by a natural causeway, or ‘tickle’ as the Newfoundlanders prefer it.
Word: tickle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English tiklen, tikelen, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a frequentative form of Middle English tikken (“to touch lightly”), thus equivalent to tick + -le; or perhaps related to Old English tinclian (“to tickle”). Compare North Frisian tigele (“to tickle”) (Hallig dialect), and tiikle (“to tickle”) (Amrum dialect), German dialectal zicklen (“to excite; stir up”). Alternatively, from a metathetic alteration of Middle English kitelen ("to tickle"; see kittle). Both are ultimately sound-symbolic. Pronunciation: /ˈtɪkl̩/ 1. To touch repeatedly or stroke delicately in a manner which typically causes laughter, pleasure and twitching. Labels: transitive Example: He tickled Nancy's tummy, and she started to giggle. Example: If you tickle us, do we not laugh? 2. To feel as if the body part in question is being tickled. Labels: intransitive Example: My nose tickles, and I'm going to sneeze! 3. To appeal to someone's taste, curiosity etc. Labels: transitive 4. To cause delight or amusement in. Labels: transitive Example: He was tickled to receive such a wonderful gift. Example: Behold the child, by Nature's kindly law, Pleas'd with a rattle, tickled with a straw. 5. To feel titillation. Labels: intransitive Example: He with secret joy therefore Did tickle inwardly in every vein. 6. To catch fish in the hand (usually in rivers or smaller streams) by manually stimulating the fins. Labels: transitive 7. To be excited or heartened. Labels: archaic
Word: tickle Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English tiklen, tikelen, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a frequentative form of Middle English tikken (“to touch lightly”), thus equivalent to tick + -le; or perhaps related to Old English tinclian (“to tickle”). Compare North Frisian tigele (“to tickle”) (Hallig dialect), and tiikle (“to tickle”) (Amrum dialect), German dialectal zicklen (“to excite; stir up”). Alternatively, from a metathetic alteration of Middle English kitelen ("to tickle"; see kittle). Both are ultimately sound-symbolic. Pronunciation: /ˈtɪkl̩/ 1. Changeable, capricious; insecure. Labels: obsolete Example: So ticle be the termes of mortall state, And full of subtile sophismes, which do play With double senses, and with false debate […]
Word: tickle Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English tiklen, tikelen, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a frequentative form of Middle English tikken (“to touch lightly”), thus equivalent to tick + -le; or perhaps related to Old English tinclian (“to tickle”). Compare North Frisian tigele (“to tickle”) (Hallig dialect), and tiikle (“to tickle”) (Amrum dialect), German dialectal zicklen (“to excite; stir up”). Alternatively, from a metathetic alteration of Middle English kitelen ("to tickle"; see kittle). Both are ultimately sound-symbolic. Pronunciation: /ˈtɪkl̩/ 1. Insecurely, precariously, unstably. Example: Lucio. I warrant it is: And thy head stands so tickle on thy shoulders, that a milke-maid, if she be in loue, may sigh it off: Send after the Duke, and appeale to him.
Word: ravenous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English ravenous, ravynous, from Old French ravineus. By surface analysis, ravin + -ous. As seen at raven and ravin, the word comes from a root referring to predation, not from the root referring to ravens (corvid birds); but folk etymology notes that the latter hypothesis seems plausible because ravens can often seem ravenous (especially as nestlings). Pronunciation: /ˈɹævənəs/ 1. Very hungry. Example: The most rapid and most seductive transition in all human nature is that which attends the palliation of a ravenous appetite. There is something humiliating about it. Example: You must remember no one had eaten a thing for several days. They were ravenous. So for a while there was no conversation at all. There was only the sound of crunching and chewing as the animals attacked the succulent food. 2. Greedy, characterized by strong desires. Example: Supply-and-demand? One begins to be weary of such work. Leave all to egoism, to ravenous greed of money, of pleasure, of applause: — it is the Gospel of Despair! Example: Mrs. Michael turned out to be a ravenous, fast-fading woman in a slashed skirt and a low blouse over an unappetising chest. While her husband did things in his shed, where he appeared to live, Pym inexpertly mixed the Yorkshire pudding and fought off her embraces...
Word: gills Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɡɪlz/ 1. plural of gill Labels: form-of, plural
Word: gills Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ɡɪlz/ 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of gill Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: winch Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English wynche, from Old English winċe, from Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”), whence also wink. Pronunciation: /wɪnt͡ʃ/ 1. A machine consisting of a drum on an axle, a friction brake or ratchet and pawl, and a crank handle or prime mover (often an electric or hydraulic motor), with or without gearing, to give increased mechanical advantage when hoisting or hauling on a rope or cable. 2. A hoisting device used for loading or unloading cargo, or for pulling in lines. Example: It runs on clattering steel tracks; the driver sits in a cab over the tracks, operating the controls that rotate the arm and turn the winch. 3. A wince (machine used in dyeing or steeping cloth). 4. A kick, as of an animal, from impatience or uneasiness. Example: the mule[…]being likewise frighted by that terrible blow, ran away as fast as it could about the fields, and within two or three winches overthrew him to the ground 5. A witch. Labels: Nigeria, slang
Word: winch Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English wynche, from Old English winċe, from Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”), whence also wink. Pronunciation: /wɪnt͡ʃ/ 1. To use a winch Example: Winch in those sails, lad!
Word: winch Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See wince. Pronunciation: /wɪnt͡ʃ/ 1. To wince; to shrink Example: It is not the first time a cat-o'-nine-tails has been across my back for other men's misdeeds. Promise me a good flask of brandy when I'm done with it, and I warrant ye I'll never winch. 2. To kick with impatience or uneasiness.
Word: winch Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Variant form of wench. Pronunciation: /wɪnt͡ʃ/ 1. to court Labels: Scotland, ambitransitive, colloquial Example: They “clicked” each other, kidded each other, and by and by they would “winch” and marry each other. Example: It was common knowledge that he'd winched dozens of girls while she had been sharing a bedroom with her two brothers. 2. to kiss, snog Labels: Scotland, ambitransitive, colloquial Example: She turned and looked at me, amused, gave a wee chuckle, kissed me on the mouth hard and quick, and again, and we were kissing for real, lingering, soft and moist and warm, me and Jeannie winching, and I wanted it not to stop. Example: Up at the cinema Campbell Cameron had been all slithering hands, like a dirty octopus. Even his tenderest winching had felt entitled and demanding.
Word: capsize Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Attested since 1788. Origin unknown. Possibly related to Spanish chapuzar (“to sink by the head”). Pronunciation: /ˈkæpsaɪz/, /kæpˈsaɪz/ 1. To overturn. Labels: intransitive Example: Baby, I think I'm capsizing / The waves are rising and rising 2. To cause (a ship) to overturn. Labels: transitive Example: But what if carrying sail capsize the boat? 3. To deform under stress. Labels: intransitive Example: There are even cases where a totally different knot may result when carelessly pulled. Tie the Granny Knot around any object and pull one end, and it will capsize into Two Half Hitches.
Word: capsize Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Attested since 1788. Origin unknown. Possibly related to Spanish chapuzar (“to sink by the head”). Pronunciation: /ˈkæpsaɪz/, /kæpˈsaɪz/ 1. The act of, or occurrence of capsizing or overturning.
Word: throw up Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The vomit sense is a clipping of throw up one's accounts (18th century), from earlier idiom cast up one's accounts (15th century). 1. Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see throw, up. Example: Away to the window I flew like a flash, Tore open the shutters and threw up the sash. Example: The servant (who) had first entered had thrown up the window […] 2. To vomit. Labels: ambitransitive, informal Example: The baby threw up all over my shirt. Example: That cat is always throwing up hairballs. 3. To produce or reveal something new or unexpected. Labels: transitive Example: This system has thrown up a few problems. 4. To cause something such as dust or water to rise into the air. Labels: transitive Example: The car wheels threw up a shower of stones. 5. To erect, particularly hastily. Labels: dated, transitive Example: Every depression in the ground had been utilized; every rise taken advantage of, to dig rifle-pits or throw up a little earthwork, surrounded with sand-bags […] Example: In other words, a business can throw up a huge detour sign in the way of the government. 6. To give up, abandon something. Labels: ambitransitive Example: “No!” returned the spy. “I throw up. I confess that we were so unpopular with the outrageous mob, that I only got away from England at the risk of being ducked to death, and that Cly was so ferreted up and down, that he never would have got away at all but for that sham. Though how this man knows it was a sham, is a wonder of wonders to me.” Example: In 1944, believing, as people in Leeds tended to do, that flying bombs or no flying bombs, things were better Down South, Dad threw up his job with the Co-op and we migrated to Guildford. 7. To display a gang sign using the hands. Labels: transitive Example: Why don't you go on and throw up ya gang sign. Represent your hood, homey? 8. To enlarge, as a picture reflected on a screen. Labels: dated, transitive 9. To give special prominence to a line or lines. Labels: obsolete, transitive
Word: throw up Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The vomit sense is a clipping of throw up one's accounts (18th century), from earlier idiom cast up one's accounts (15th century). 1. Misspelling of throwup (“vomit”). Labels: alt-of, colloquial, misspelling, uncountable Example: We had to scrub the seats for throw up when we left the dog in the car.
Word: throw up Part of Speech: intj Etymology: The vomit sense is a clipping of throw up one's accounts (18th century), from earlier idiom cast up one's accounts (15th century). 1. Used as an expression of frustration or to dismiss a conversation partner. Example: "Oh, throw up," thought Rayne. "Don't say they've taken a fancy to each other." Example: Oh, throw up. Really? Since when does Hannah need to be rescued by anyone for anything?
Word: pluck Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English plucken, plukken, plockien, from Old English pluccian, ploccian (“to pluck, pull away, tear”), also Old English plyċċan ("to pluck, pull, snatch; pluck with desire"), from Proto-West Germanic *plukkōn, from Proto-Germanic *plukkōną, *plukkijaną (“to pluck”), of uncertain and disputed origin. Perhaps related to Old English pullian (“to pull, draw; pluck off; snatch”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian plukje (“to pluck”), West Frisian plôkje (“to pick, pluck”), Dutch plukken (“to pluck”), Limburgish plógte (“to pluck”), Low German plukken (“to pluck”), German pflücken (“to pluck, pick”), Danish and Norwegian plukke (“to pick”), Swedish plocka (“to pick, pluck, cull”), Icelandic plokka, plukka (“to pluck, pull”). More at pull. An alternative etymology suggests Proto-Germanic *plukkōną, *plukkijaną may have been borrowed from an assumed Vulgar Latin *pilūc(i)cāre, a derivative of Latin pilāre (“deprive of hair, make bald, depilate”), from pilus (“hair”). The Oxford English Dictionary, however, finds difficulties with this and cites gaps in historical evidence. The noun sense of "heart, liver, and lights of an animal" comes from it being plucked out of the carcass after the animal is killed; the sense of "fortitude, boldness" derives from this meaning, originally being a boxing slang denoting a prize-ring, with semantic development from "heart", the symbol of courage, to "fortitude, boldness". Pronunciation: /plʌk/, /plʊk/ 1. An instance of plucking or pulling sharply. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Those tiny birds are hardly worth the tedious pluck. Example: If you find yourself in this position, there is nothing for it but to haul out using external assistance. This may be from a friend who will give you a pluck off the wall, or you may be able to manage from your own resources. 2. The lungs, heart with trachea and often oesophagus removed from slaughtered animals. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Guts, nerve, fortitude or persistence. Labels: figuratively, informal, uncountable Example: He didn't get far with the attempt, but you have to admire his pluck. Example: Pen had a very good mare, and rode her with uncommon pluck and grace. He took his fences with great coolness, and yet with judgment, and without bravado. 4. Cheap wine. Labels: slang, uncountable
Word: malum in se Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin malum, the neuter of malus (“bad”) + in (“in”) + se, form of sui (“oneself, itself”). 1. A wrong in itself; that which is injurious in its consequence. Labels: literally 2. The Latin phrase used in law to refer to crimes that are illegal from the nature of crime, that is, inherently evil without any fact of being noticed or punished, as opposed to malum prohibitum. Used to develop common law crimes.
Word: lingerie Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French lingerie (“linen closet”). The irregular pronunciation is a hyperforeignism; it may derive from the frequent shift of /ɛ̃/ (which is this word's first vowel in standard French) toward /ɑ̃/ or [æ̃] in European French, which also tends to be drifted towards /ɔ̃/. Pronunciation: /ˈlɒndʒəɹi/, /ˈlɒndʒəɹeɪ/, /ˈlɒ̃ʒəɹi/, /ˈlɒ̃ʒəɹeɪ/, /ˌlɑn.ʒəˈɹeɪ/ 1. Underwear or nightclothes (typically women's), especially when lacy or designed to be seductive. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. Linen goods collectively. Labels: dated, uncountable, usually Example: Empire matinees in lingerie stuffs with trimmings of lace and embroidery are shown in great variety.
Word: strum Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Variant of thrum. Pronunciation: /strʌm/ 1. To play (a guitar or other stringed instrument) by plucking various strings simultaneously. Labels: ambitransitive
Word: strum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant of thrum. Pronunciation: /strʌm/ 1. The sound made by playing various strings of a stringed instrument simultaneously. Example: hear the strum of a guitar 2. The act of strumming. Example: give the banjo a little strum
Word: cranberry Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Adapted in the 1640s from Dutch Low Saxon or German Low German Kraanbeere, from Kraan m (which means and is cognate with crane) + Beere f (which means and is cognate with berry). Equivalent to cran- + berry. Via PIE cognate with Polish żurawina, Ukrainian журавли́на (žuravlýna) (akin to жураве́ль (žuravélʹ, “crane”)); Latvian dzērvene < dzērve (“crane”). Pronunciation: /ˈkræn.b(ə).ri/, /ˈkɹæn.bɛr.i/ 1. A shrub belonging to the section Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus of the genus Vaccinium. Labels: countable 2. The edible red berry of that shrub. Labels: countable Example: That concertina was a wonder in its way. The handles that was on it first was wore out long ago, and he'd made new ones of braided rope yarn. And the bellows was patched in more places than a cranberry picker's overalls. 3. An intense red colour, like that of a cranberry. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: cranberry Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Adapted in the 1640s from Dutch Low Saxon or German Low German Kraanbeere, from Kraan m (which means and is cognate with crane) + Beere f (which means and is cognate with berry). Equivalent to cran- + berry. Via PIE cognate with Polish żurawina, Ukrainian журавли́на (žuravlýna) (akin to жураве́ль (žuravélʹ, “crane”)); Latvian dzērvene < dzērve (“crane”). Pronunciation: /ˈkræn.b(ə).ri/, /ˈkɹæn.bɛr.i/ 1. Of the intense red colour of a cranberry. Labels: not-comparable Example: Leon was in his most resplendent, gaudiest, Day-Glo getup, including a purple felt fez with multiple hangy-downs and a cranberry vestment with gold collar, appliquéd with every religious symbol known to man […]
Word: cranberry Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Adapted in the 1640s from Dutch Low Saxon or German Low German Kraanbeere, from Kraan m (which means and is cognate with crane) + Beere f (which means and is cognate with berry). Equivalent to cran- + berry. Via PIE cognate with Polish żurawina, Ukrainian журавли́на (žuravlýna) (akin to жураве́ль (žuravélʹ, “crane”)); Latvian dzērvene < dzērve (“crane”). Pronunciation: /ˈkræn.b(ə).ri/, /ˈkɹæn.bɛr.i/ 1. To gather wild cranberries. Labels: Appalachia, colloquial
Word: ivy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ivi, from Old English īfiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *ibig, *ibag, *ibah, from Proto-Germanic *ibahs (compare West Flemish iefte, Low German Eiloov, Ieloof, German Efeu), from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)ebʰ- (compare Welsh efwr (“black elder”), Ancient Greek ἴφυον (íphuon, “spike-lavender, Lavandula Spica”)). Pronunciation: /ˈaɪvi/ 1. Any of several woody, climbing, or trailing evergreen plants of the genus Hedera. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Hidden timber elements, lintels and roof tiles have also been replaced, in addition to gaining a new paint job and guttering drainage, and the removal of ivy that was damaging the exterior. 2. Any similar plant of any genus. Labels: broadly, countable, uncountable
Word: speedboat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From speed + boat. Pronunciation: /ˈspidˌboʊt/ 1. A fast boat, usually small (for 1-8 people). 2. A boat designed and built for racing. 3. A boat used for waterskiing.
Word: speedboat Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From speed + boat. Pronunciation: /ˈspidˌboʊt/ 1. To travel by speedboat. Labels: intransitive
Word: various Part of Speech: det Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French varieux, from Latin varius (“manifold, diverse, various, parti-colored, variegated, also changing, changeable, fickle, etc.”). By surface analysis, vary + -ous. Pronunciation: /ˈvɛəɹi.əs/, /ˈvæɹi.əs/, /ˈvɛɹi.əs/ 1. More than one (of an indeterminate set of things). Example: Various books have been taken. Example: There are various ways to fix the problem.
Word: various Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French varieux, from Latin varius (“manifold, diverse, various, parti-colored, variegated, also changing, changeable, fickle, etc.”). By surface analysis, vary + -ous. Pronunciation: /ˈvɛəɹi.əs/, /ˈvæɹi.əs/, /ˈvɛɹi.əs/ 1. Having a broad range (of different elements). Labels: not-comparable Example: The reasons are various. Example: For this scene, a large number of supers are engaged, and in order to further swell the crowd, practically all the available stage hands have to ‘walk on’ dressed in various coloured dominoes, and all wearing masks. 2. That varies or differs from others; variant; different, sundry. Labels: dated, not-comparable Example: a various reading of a Biblical text
Word: perilous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English perilous, from Old French perilleus, equivalent to peril + -ous, from the noun peril, or from Latin perīculōsus. Doublet of periculous. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛɹ.ɪ.ləs/, /pɛɹ.l̩.əs/ 1. Dangerous, full of peril. Example: Three miles or more to our starboard is a low dim line. It is the Eastern shore of Central Africa. We are running to the southward, before the North East Monsoon, between the mainland and the reef that for hundreds of miles fringes this perilous coast. Example: The effects are already being felt. Gamma radiation is flooding through the gaps; the quick-breeding viruses are mutating through half the world, faster than the Medical Art can control them, so that millions of us are sneezing and choking—and dying, too, for lack of antibiotics and proper care. Air travel is a perilous thing; just today, a stratosphere roc crashed head-on into a fragment of the sky and was killed with all its passengers.
Word: threshold Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English threschwolde, threscholde, from Old English þresċold, þerxold, þrexwold (“doorsill, entryway”), from Proto-Germanic *þreskudlaz, *þreskūþlijaz, *þreskwaþluz, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną, *þreskwaną (“to thresh, (originally) to tread”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, turn”). Cognate with Low German Drüssel (“threshold”), dialectal German Drischaufel, Drissufle, Trüschübel (“threshold”), Danish tærskel (“threshold”), Norwegian terskel (“threshold”), Swedish tröskel (“threshold”), dialectal Swedish träskvald (“threshold”), Icelandic þröskuldur (“threshold”). Pronunciations such as “thresh-hold” are un-etymological and result from analogy with hold. Pronunciation: /ˈθɹeʃəʊld/, /ˈθɹɛʃˌhəʊld/, [ˈθɹɛʃˌhɒʊɫd], /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ 1. The lowermost part of a doorway that one crosses to enter; a sill. 2. An entrance; the door or gate of a house. Labels: broadly Example: Shy. You that did voide your rume vpon my beard, / And foote me as you ſpurne a ſtranger curre / Ouer your threſhold, […] 3. Any end or boundary. Labels: broadly 4. The outset of something; the point of entry, or the beginning of an action. Labels: figuratively Example: on the threshold of maturity Example: I arrived at last, did obeisance to my uncle, and told him everything. He thought it over and said: ' […] At the threshold of death, how dare I give you permission to go to England, to cross the seas? But I will not stand in your way. It is your mother's permission which really matters. If she permit you, then godspeed! Tell her I will not interfere. You will go with my blessings.' 5. The start of the landing area of a runway. 6. The quantitative point at which an action is triggered, especially a lower limit. 7. The wage or salary at which income tax becomes due. 8. The point where one is mentally or physically vulnerable in response to a provocation or to other nuisances.
Word: inventor Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin inventor. By surface analysis, invent + -or. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈvɛntɚ/, /ɪnˈvɛntə/ 1. One who invents, either as a hobby or as an occupation. Example: Thomas Edison was the inventor of the phonograph. Example: The young inventor received a patent for her design.
Word: bridal shower Part of Speech: noun 1. A party held for a bride-to-be in anticipation of her wedding, involving guests (typically female friends and relatives) giving her gifts. Labels: US Example: The bridal shower will be held at the home of the bridesmaid.
Word: translingual Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From trans- (“across”) + lingual (“having to do with languages or tongues”). Pronunciation: /tɹænzˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ 1. Existing in multiple languages. Labels: not-comparable Example: The nose's comic potency is enhanced by the Indo-European rootedness of its own name, securing it a pivotal role in translingual games. Example: You must establish that a translingual approach is rhetorically justified, critically relevant, and communicates ideas with clarity. 2. Having the same meaning in many languages. Labels: not-comparable Example: No is the translingual symbol for the chemistry element nobelium. 3. Containing words of multiple languages. Labels: not-comparable Example: Darien can make translingual jokes 4. Operating between different languages. Labels: not-comparable Example: This receiver, as translator, then performs a kind of "translingual transfer" to encode in a second language a new message that is intended to "mean the same" . . 5. Occurring or being measured across the tongue. Labels: not-comparable Example: Simultaneous recordings of the translingual potential and integrated neural response of the rat.
Word: translingual Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From trans- (“across”) + lingual (“having to do with languages or tongues”). Pronunciation: /tɹænzˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ 1. A person who can speak, or fluently switch between speaking, several languages.
Word: shoulder Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English schuldre, sholder, shulder, schulder, from Old English sċuldra, sċuldor (“shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru (“shoulder”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), see shield. Cognate with Old Frisian skuldere (“shoulder”) (West Frisian skouder (“shoulder”)), Middle Low German scholder (“shoulder”), Low German Schuller, Schulder (“shoulder”), Dutch schouder (“shoulder”), German Schulter (“shoulder”). Pronunciation: /ˈʃəʊldə/, /ˈʃoʊldɚ/ 1. To push (a person or thing) using one's shoulder. Labels: transitive Example: […]As they the earth would ſhoulder from her ſeat,[…] Example: Around her numberless the rabble flowed, / Shouldering each other, crowding for a view. 2. To bully, manipulate or pull rank on (somebody). Labels: broadly, transitive Example: He shouldered me out of my own band. 3. To put (something) on one's shoulders. Labels: transitive Example: Early in the morning they shouldered light packs, took their rifles, crossed the big draw, and entered the timber where was the deadfall. Example: Like a power clean, shouldering a sandbag — lifting it from the floor to your shoulder in one explosive movement — requires a coordinated effort from your core, upper body, and legs. 4. To place (something) against one's shoulders. Labels: transitive Example: All three sets are nicely sculptured along the bottom to prevent interference when shouldering your gun with proper shooting form. 5. To bear a burden, as a financial obligation. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: The shareholders were then shouldering a burden of liability out of proportion to their mere ownership of theoretical fractions of the business. 6. To accept responsibility for. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: shoulder the blame Example: The former president has been forced to shoulder some of the blame for poor performances in key races, including in Pennsylvania, where his handpicked Republican candidate, Mehmet Oz, lost to Democrat John Fetterman in a contest that allowed Democrats to keep the Senate majority. 7. To form a shape resembling a shoulder. Labels: transitive Example: allowance at the bottom of blind bores for the chamfered tip of the reamer will obviate additional operations with shouldering or bottoming reamers to completely finish the entire length of a hole. 8. To move by or as if by using one's shoulders. Labels: intransitive Example: The sullen murmur of the bees shouldering their way through the long unmown grass, or circling with monotonous insistence round the dusty gilt horns of the straggling woodbine, seemed to make the stillness more oppressive. Example: […]a yoke of the great sulky white bullocks […] came shouldering along together; 9. To round and slightly raise the top edges of slate shingles so that they form a tighter fit at the lower edge and can be swung aside to expose the nail. Labels: transitive 10. To slope downwards from the crest and whitewater portion of a wave. Labels: intransitive 11. Of a servant: to embezzle money from (the employer). Labels: archaic, slang, transitive
Word: emotion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Proto-Indo-European *m(y)owh₁éyetider. Proto-Italic *moweō Latin moveō Latin ēmoveō Vulgar Latin *exmovēre Old French esmovoir Middle French esmouvoir Middle French emotionbor. English emotion Borrowed from Middle French emotion (modern French émotion), from émouvoir (“excite”), based on Latin ēmōtus, past participle of ēmoveō (“to move out, move away, remove, stir up, irritate”), from ē- (“out”) (variant of ex-), and moveō (“move”). Pronunciation: /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, /ɪˈmoʊ.ʃən/, /iˈmoʊ.ʃən/ 1. Movement; agitation. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: and the water continuing in the caverns[…]caused the emotion or earthquake 2. A person's internal state of being and involuntary physiological response to an object or a situation, based on or tied to physical state and sensory data. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts. Example: “Just think about the last big decision you made. How much of it was based in emotion and how much was based in intellect? Most all big decisions are based in both.” […] Historically, placing weight on emotions has been dismissed. “What’s remarkable is that for so many years, people didn’t see emotions as conveying important messages,” he says. 3. A reaction by a non-human organism with behavioral and physiological elements similar to a person's response. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: persona Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin persōna (“mask; character”), of uncertain origin. Suggested to be from Etruscan 𐌘𐌄𐌓𐌔𐌖 (φersu, “mask; masked individual; actor”), which could be a loan from Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “face; appearance; mask used in ancient theatre to denote a character or, more generally, a social role”). Doublet of person and parson. Pronunciation: /pɝˈsoʊnə/, /pɜːˈsəʊnə/, /pəˈsəʊnə/ 1. A social role. Example: I've maintained a very public persona. 2. A character played by an actor. 3. The mask or appearance one presents to the world. Example: He keeps his online persona completely separate from his real-world one. Example: The latest in a long line of dirty dating tactics to emerge is “wokefishing,” a term coined by writer Serena Smith. “People masquerade as holding progressive political views to ensnare potential partners,” Smith told Vice. Wokefishermen can be thought of like catfishers — those who use fake online personas to defraud victims — but only for sex instead of money. 4. An imaginary person representing a particular type of client or customer, considered when designing products and services that will appeal to them. Example: To do so, your organization should create nuanced buyer personas for all relevant market segments or buyer groups that demonstrate affinity to your brand. These buyer personas should include standard demographic information […]
Word: cowberry Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From cow + berry. Compare bilberry. Pronunciation: /ˈkaubəɹɪ/ 1. A shrub native to the cool temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Vaccinium vitis-idaea). 2. A berry of this shrub.
Word: social Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *sokʷéh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ṓy Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Indo-European *sokʷyós Proto-Italic *sokjos Latin sokios Latin socius Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Latin sociālisbor. Middle French socialbor. English social From Middle French social, from Latin sociālis (“of or belonging to a companion or companionship or association, social”), from socius (“a companion, fellow, partner, associate, ally”), from sequor (“follow”). Cognate with English seg (“man, companion, fellow”). More at seg. Pronunciation: /ˈsəʊ.ʃəl/, /ˈsoʊ.ʃəl/ 1. Being extroverted or outgoing. Example: James is a very social guy; he knows lots of people. Example: Not ignoring what is good, I am quick to perceive a horror, and could still be social with it—would they let me—since it is but well to be on friendly terms with all the inmates of the place one lodges in. 2. Of or relating to society. Example: Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force. Example: Teresa feels uncomfortable in certain social situations. 3. Relating to social media or social networks. Labels: Internet Example: social gaming 4. Relating to a nation's allies. Labels: rare Example: the Social War 5. Cooperating or growing in groups. Example: a social insect