nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: inbred Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From the past participle of inbreed, equivalent to in- + bred. Pronunciation: /ˈɪnˌbɹɛd/, /ˌɪnˈbɹɛd/ 1. Bred within; innate. Example: We who from daily experience knew Miss Smedley like a book—were we not only too well aware that she had neither accomplishments nor charms—no characteristic, in fact, but an inbred viciousness of temper and disposition? Example: His cold experience tempers all his heat, And inbred worth doth boasting valour slight. 2. Having an ancestry characterized by inbreeding. Labels: derogatory, often 3. Describing a strain produced through successive generations of inbreeding resulting in a population of genetically identical individuals which are homozygous at all genetic loci. 4. Insular or self-contained, primarily interacting with and drawing upon one another. Labels: figuratively Example: The Lavender Quill Society, that group of in-bred Manhattan gay writers who believe that gay literature begins and ends in their clique (outsiders need not apply for membership). Example: The level of academic inbreeding differs between countries and continents. Macháček et al. (2022) reported that in North America only 31% of all researchers are inbred (based on 22 major fields of science), while in Asia, this proportion is 55%, in Western and Northern Europe 37% and in Central and Eastern Europe reaches nearly 79% which is the highest proportion of inbreeders on the global scale.
Word: inbred Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the past participle of inbreed, equivalent to in- + bred. Pronunciation: /ˈɪnˌbɹɛd/ 1. A plant or animal produced by inbreeding. 2. A person born of incest. Labels: vulgar Example: Since you all marry your cousins I bet you're a bunch of inbreds.
Word: inbred Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Pronunciation: /ˈɪnˌbɹɛd/, /ˌɪnˈbɹɛd/ 1. simple past and past participle of inbreed Labels: form-of, participle, past Example: People discovered that the Belgian hare of those days was a very delicate animal and that it was subject to many diseases. It had been inbred so long in order to produce show animals that its vitality was nearly gone.
Word: inbreed Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English breed English inbreed From in- + breed. 1. To breed or reproduce with those that are related. 2. To breed with those that share common traits or qualities. 3. To produce or generate within.
Word: incantation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English incantacioun, from Old French incantation, from Latin incantatio. More at enchant. Pronunciation: /ɪnkænˈteɪʃən/ 1. The act or process of using formulas and/or usually rhyming words, sung or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits, producing enchantment, or creating other magical results. Example: new years eve we dropped mushrooms / and danced around the house / making music with everything that we found / incantation replaced resolution 2. A formula of words used as above. Example: My ancient Incantations are too weake, / And hell too ſtrong for me to buckle with: Example: We did not know what scrambled eggs were, and we fancied that it must be some Red Indian or Sandwich Islands sort of dish that required dances and incantations for its proper cooking. 3. Any esoteric command or procedure. Labels: slang Example: The appropriate incantation of route is shown below; the gw keyword tells it that the next argument denotes a gateway. Example: There's more than one command incantation to create an AVI. It's all a question of experimenting with the different audio and video codecs.
Word: incapacitation Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.kəˌpæs.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of incapacitating or state of being incapacitated; incapacity; disqualification. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I dare not whisper to myself a pension on this side of absolute incapacitation and infirmity, till years have sucked me dry. Example: The incapacitation of South Dakota Senator Tim Johnson has put all eyes in Washington on what is normally a little-noticed Senate vote now scheduled for Jan. 4. 2. The act of incapacitating or state of being incapacitated; incapacity; disqualification. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Order-maintenance proponents affirmatively promote youth curfews, anti-gang loitering ordinances, and order-maintenance crackdowns as milder alternatives to the theory of incapacitation and increased incarceration.
Word: incarceration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin incarcerātiō, equivalent to incarcerate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪŋˌkɑː(ɹ)səˈɹeɪʃən/ 1. The act of confining, or the state of being confined; imprisonment. Labels: US, countable, uncountable Example: Perpetrated over time, better walk the narrow line / Never challenge what we say / In the darkness of our mind, never thought we'd be so blind / Let the nightmare get away / Isolation cannot be / The best, the best that we can do / Build a cage full of rage, inner demons call your name / Suicide, your only friend / Extermination of ourselves, mass incarceration / Termination of ourselves, mass incarcerate / In the cage, in the cage / You will remain Example: […]Syria reemerged indirectly, through Turkey's incarceration of Pastor Andrew Brunson. 2. A strangulation, as in a hernia. Labels: countable, dated, uncountable 3. A constriction of the hernial sac, rendering it irreducible, but not great enough to cause strangulation. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: incarnation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English incarnacion, borrowed from Old French incarnacion, from Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin incarnatio, from Late Latin incarnari (“to be made flesh”). Pronunciation: /ˌɪŋ.kɑːˈneɪ.ʃən/, /ˌɪŋ.kɑɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1. An incarnate being or form. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: She is a new incarnation of some of the illustrious dead. Example: She had cast off the terror of the leaping flame, the cold power of judgment that was even now being done, and the wise sadness of the tombs - cast them off and put them behind her, like the white shroud she wore, and now stood out the incarnation of lovely tempting womanhood, made more perfect - and in a way more spiritual - than ever woman was before. 2. A version or iteration (of something). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: It seems that they existed in some sort of previous incarnation of our universe, and use abstract terms to describe their existence, such as "feeding on concepts". They prepared for some sort of ascension, but then the Pattern came, which they describe at first as an all-consuming emptiness, elaborating by saying that anything that passed into it was torn asunder, subjected to a set of principles and order that grinds things down to nothing, in a process of which entropy is just one part. 3. A living being embodying a deity or spirit. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. An assumption of human form or nature. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A person or thing regarded as embodying or exhibiting some quality, idea, or the like. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The leading dancer is the incarnation of grace. 6. The act of incarnating. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. The state of being incarnated. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A rosy or red colour; flesh (the colour); carnation. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 9. The process of healing wounds and filling the part with new flesh; granulation. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: incineration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English incinerate Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ion English incineration From incinerate + -ion. 1. The act of incinerating, or the state of being incinerated; cremation. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: incitation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French incitation. Pronunciation: /ɪnsɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ 1. The act of inciting or moving to action. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Something that incites to action; a stimulus or incentive. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: A notable man, great in yeares, in name, in dignity and in learning, vaunted himselfe unto me, that he was induced to a certaine most important change of his religion, by a strange and fantastical incitation[…].
Word: incomplete Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English incomplete, incompleet, from Late Latin incomplētus, from in- (“un-; not”) + complētus (“complete”), equivalent to in- (“not”) + complete. Pronunciation: /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/ 1. Not complete; not finished. Example: Stefania handed in her writing incomplete. Example: an incomplete jigsaw puzzle 2. Of a flower, wanting any of the usual floral organs.
Word: incomplete Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English incomplete, incompleet, from Late Latin incomplētus, from in- (“un-; not”) + complētus (“complete”), equivalent to in- (“not”) + complete. Pronunciation: /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/ 1. Something incomplete. Labels: Internet 2. Something incomplete. Labels: Internet 3. A designation of being incomplete. Example: He got four incompletes out of five courses last semester.
Word: inconsideration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French inconsideration and its source, Latin incōnsiderātiōnem. 1. Lack of due consideration; inattention to consequences, thoughtlessness. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: new trained Souldiers, and such as are but novices in the trade, doe often headlong, and hand over head cast themselves into dangers, with more inconsideration, than afterward when they have seene and endured the first shocke, and are better trained in the schoole of perils. Example: He had no leisure to explain himself further, nor Oriana, prepossessed as she was in favour of Philimore, to weigh the subject with that maturity it demanded:—fatal inconsideration, unbecoming Oriana! Her lover anxiously waiting her reply, she expressed her full consent, when her mother and sister joined her.
Word: incoordination Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English coordination English incoordination From in- + coordination. 1. Lack of coordination, especially in terms of muscle control. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Charcot later gave the classical picture of incoordination, tremor and nystagmus.
Word: incorporation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English incorporacioun, from Old French incorporacion, from Late Latin incorporatio. By surface analysis, incorporate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪŋˌkɔːpəˈɹeɪʃən/, /ɪŋˌkɔɹpəˈɹeɪʃən/, /ɪŋˌkoːpəˈɹæɪʃən/ 1. The act of incorporating, or the state of being incorporated. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: One of the remarkable innovations in concrete technology is the development of self-healing cementitious materials through the incorporation of bacterial agents. 2. The union of different ingredients in one mass; mixture; combination; synthesis. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The union of something with a body already existing; association; intimate union; assimilation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: After the city's incorporation into the capital district, the population rose. Example: Board Member Matt Disko is set to become Council Member Disko and says incorporation is primarily about greater control. 4. The act of creating a corporation. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A body incorporated; a corporation. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A phenomenon by which a grammatical category forms a compound with its direct object or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Incorporation is central to many polysynthetic languages such as those found in North America, Siberia and northern Australia. 7. A doctrine of constitutional law according to which certain parts of the Bill of Rights are extended to bind individual American states. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: incrustation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin incrustātiō. Pronunciation: /ɪnkɹʌsˈteɪʃən/ 1. The act of incrusting, or the state of being incrusted. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A crust or hard coating of anything upon or within a body, as a deposit of lime, sediment, etc., from water on the inner surface of a steam boiler. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A covering or inlaying of marble, mosaic, etc., attached to the masonry by cramp irons or cement. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Anything inlaid or embedded. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. An accumulated characteristic of a person that disguises their true nature. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: Her reception of her brother was most affectionate—there are times when the most artificial, by habit, become natural; when the early memories of the heart, for a short time at least, spring up as a fountain of living waters, overflowing the selfish vanities and conventional incrustations which the world has planted—giving honest smiles to the countenance; artless, yet loving words to the tongue; and the gratified heart seems restored to a new childhood.
Word: incubation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin incubātiō, from incubō (“to lie on”). Pronunciation: /ɪnkjuːˈbeɪʃən/, /ɪnkjuˈbeɪʃən/ 1. Sitting on eggs for the purpose of hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, to develop the life within, by any process. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The development of a disease from its causes, or the period of such development. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 1829, A Practical Synopsis of Cutaneous Diseases The course of small-pox, whether distinct or confluent, may be divided into five stages, which are known under the names of incubation, invasion, eruption, suppuration, and desiccation. This division, founded on the most prominent symptoms that the disease presents, although it is an arbitrary one, still affords a facility in the study. The period of incubation comprises the interval of time that elapses from the infection to the beginning of the attack; its duration is from six to twenty days. It is not designated by any visible symptom, as the individual apparently continues in good health. 3. A period of little reaction which is followed by more rapid reaction. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. One of the four proposed stages of creativity (preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification): the unconscious recombination of thought elements that were stimulated through conscious work at one point in time, resulting in novel ideas at a later point. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Sleeping in a temple or other holy place in order to have oracular dreams or to receive healing. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Incubation in the vicinity of burial places, cremation grounds, holy wells and sacred streams was common. The ancient Hebrews visited vaults or slept among tombs to get meaningful dreams.
Word: inculpation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin inculpātiō. 1. Blame; censure; crimination. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Mutterings fill the town: “our sons have fallen to avenge another’s wife”—perfidious and adulterous Helen. Such inculpation of a commanding general is a novel argument in antiquity, and unusual even in modern times.
Word: incur Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English incurren, from Anglo-Norman encurir, Middle French encourir, from Old French encorre, from Latin incurrere. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈkɜː/, /ɪnˈkɝ/ 1. To bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to. Labels: transitive Example: Near-synonym: contract (debts, etc.) Example: Cruelty incurs calamity. 2. To bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to. Labels: transitive Example: Near-synonyms: entail, invoke Example: The least neglect of duty will incur[...] the penalty of thirty-nine well laid on in the morning. 3. To enter or pass into. Labels: obsolete, transitive 4. To fall within a period or scope; to occur; to run into danger. Labels: intransitive, obsolete
Word: indefatigable Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French, from Latin indēfatīgābilis (“untiring”), from in- (“not”) + dēfatīgō (“to tire out”). Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.dɪˈfæt.ɪ.ɡə.bəl/, /ˌɪn.dəˈfæt.ɪ.ɡə.bəl/, [ˌɪn.dəˈfæɾ.ɪ.ɡə.bəl], /ˌɪn.dɪ.fəˈti.ɡə.bəl/, /ˌɪn.də-/ 1. Extremely persistent and untiring. Example: [...] But he was at the ſame Time an excellent Scholar, and moſt indefatigable in teaching the two Lads. Example: He was respected by all who knew him for his integrity and indefatigable attention to public business.
Word: indemnification Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɪnˌdɛmnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, /ənˌdɛmnəfəˈkeɪʃən/ 1. The act or process of indemnifying, preserving, or securing against loss, damage, or penalty. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A reimbursement of loss, damage, or penalty. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The state of being indemnified. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. That which indemnifies. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: indent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Partly from Middle English indenten (“to dent in”), equivalent to in- + dent (see dent); partly from Middle English indenten, endenten, from Old French endenter (“to cut notches into”), from en- (“in-, en-”) + dent (“tooth”), from Latin dēns. Pronunciation: /ˈɪndɛnt/, /ɪnˈdɛnt/ 1. A cut or notch in the margin of anything, or a recess like a notch. 2. A stamp; an impression. 3. A certificate, or intended certificate, issued by the government of the United States at the close of the Revolution, for the principal or interest of the public debt. 4. A requisition or order for supplies, sent to the commissariat of an army.
Word: indent Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Partly from Middle English indenten (“to dent in”), equivalent to in- + dent (see dent); partly from Middle English indenten, endenten, from Old French endenter (“to cut notches into”), from en- (“in-, en-”) + dent (“tooth”), from Latin dēns. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdɛnt/ 1. To notch; to jag; to cut into points like a row of teeth Labels: transitive Example: to indent the edge of paper 2. To be cut, notched, or dented. Labels: intransitive 3. To dent; to stamp or to press in; to impress Example: indent a smooth surface with a hammer Example: to indent wax with a stamp 4. To cut the two halves of a document in duplicate, using a jagged or wavy line so that each party could demonstrate that their copy was part of the original whole. Labels: historical 5. To enter into a binding agreement by means of such documents; to formally commit (to doing something); to contract. Labels: intransitive, obsolete, reflexive Example: The Polanders indented with Henry, Duke of Anjou, their new-chosen king, to bring with him an hundred families of artificers into Poland. Example: And is this now the Person who is to oblige his Maker? to indent and drive bargains with the Almighty? 6. To engage (someone), originally by means of indented contracts. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: to indent a young man to a shoemaker; to indent a servant 7. To begin (a line or lines) at a greater or lesser distance from the margin. See indentation, and indention. Normal indent pushes in a line or paragraph. "Hanging indent" pulls the line out into the margin. Example: to indent the first line of a paragraph one em Example: to indent the second paragraph two ems more than the first 8. To crook or turn; to wind in and out; to zigzag. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: Seeing Orlando, it vnlink'd it selfe, And with indented glides, did slip away 9. To make an order upon; to draw upon, as for military stores. Labels: India, Singapore Example: What is the rule observed in India in indenting upon England for military stores ?
Word: indentation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English indent Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English indentation From indent + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌɪndɛnˈteɪʃən/ 1. The act of indenting or state of being indented. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A notch or recess, in the margin or border of anything. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the indentations of a leaf Example: indentations of the coast 3. A recess or sharp depression in any surface. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The resulting document does not contain the indentation and line breaks found in the original document. 5. A measure of the distance from the flush line. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: an indentation of one em 6. A division unit of a piece of law distinguished by its indentation or by a dash. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The explanatory report acknowledges that the result of the rule under the second indentation can appear arbitrary.
Word: independence Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French indépendance. Analyzable as in- + de- + pend + -ence or in- + dependence. Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.dɪˈpɛn.dəns/ 1. The quality or state of being independent; lack of dependence; the state of not being reliant on, or controlled by, others. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In 1947, India gained independence from the British Empire. Example: Bob the aforesaid, and his present chances of deriving a competent independence from the honourable profession to which he had devoted himself. 2. The state of having sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: indetermination Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English determination English indetermination From in- + determination. 1. Lack of determination; an unsettled or wavering state, as of the mind. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Lack of fixed or stated direction. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: indicate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Latin indicātus, perfect passive participle of indicō (“to point out, indicate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from in- (“in, to”) + dicō (“to declare, (originally) to point”). See also diction and index. Pronunciation: /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/ 1. To point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known. Labels: sometimes, transitive Example: The guard blew his whistle to indicate imminent departure. Example: With just the turn of a shoulder she indicated the water front, where, at the end of the dock on which they stood, lay the good ship, Mount Vernon, river packet, the black smoke already pouring from her stacks. 2. To show or manifest by symptoms. Labels: transitive Example: Great prostration of strength indicates the use of stimulants. 3. To point to as the proper remedies. Labels: transitive Example: It was strange to buy things I used to consider luxuries but were now medically indicated, like air conditioning and well-made shoes. 4. To signal in a vehicle the desire to turn right or left. Labels: transitive 5. To investigate the condition or power of, as of steam engine, by means of an indicator. Labels: transitive Example: To a person who is familiar with the use of an indicator, whether it be of one make or another, it is needless to give instructions as to how an engine should be indicated,[…]. Example: I found it fully as easy to indicate an engine at a speed of 320 to 340 revolutions as at 80.
Word: indiscreet Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English discreet English indiscreet From in- + discreet. Pronunciation: /ɪndɪsˈkɹiːt/ 1. Not discreet; lacking in discretion. Example: Haz sits in the trailer for 10 hours straight, eyes trained on the patrons. If he sees the makings of a drug deal or a fight, he notifies the club’s in-house security by walkie-talkie. It amazes him how indiscreet drug dealers can be—with the bulges in their socks and their melodramatic handovers—despite the presence of security guards.
Word: indiscrimination Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English discrimination English indiscrimination From in- + discrimination. 1. Lack of discrimination or distinction; impartiality. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: individualization Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English individual Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ization English individualization From individual + -ization. 1. The act of individualizing; the state of being individualized. Labels: British, English, Oxford, US, countable, uncountable Example: “The individualization of systemic problems under late-stage capitalism is crazy,” Diacono later said.
Word: indoctrination Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1646; from indoctrinate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪnˌdɒktrɪˈneɪʃn/, /ɪnˌdɑktrəˈneɪʃən/ 1. The act of indoctrinating, or the condition of being indoctrinated. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: political indoctrination Example: The regime relied on political indoctrination in schools. 2. Instruction in the rudiments and principles of any science or belief system; information. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: ideological indoctrination Example: subject someone to indoctrination
Word: indubitable Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Either from French indubitable or Latin indubitābilis. By surface analysis, in- + dubitable. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbəl/, /ɪnˈdubɪtəbəl/ 1. Clearly true; providing no possibility of doubt. Example: The indubitable effect of the potion convinced many nonbelievers.
Word: indubitable Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Either from French indubitable or Latin indubitābilis. By surface analysis, in- + dubitable. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbəl/, /ɪnˈdubɪtəbəl/ 1. That which is indubitable. Example: If we build logically upwards from a few indubitables, the whole system must remain correct.
Word: inefficient Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English efficient English inefficient From in- + efficient. Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ 1. Not efficient; not producing the effect intended or desired; inefficacious. Example: Celery is an inefficient food. 2. Incapable of, or indisposed to, effective action; habitually slack or unproductive; effecting little or nothing. Example: inefficient workers Example: an inefficient administrator
Word: inefficient Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English efficient English inefficient From in- + efficient. Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ 1. A person who cannot or does not work efficiently. Example: Two men were put to work who could not set their looms; a third man was taken on who helped the inefficients to set the looms. The other weavers thought this was a breach of their union rules and 18 of them struck […] Example: A general shaking up of the workers from top to bottom would result; and when equilibrium had been restored, the number of the inefficients at the bottom of the Abyss would have been increased by hundreds of thousands.
Word: infatuation Part of Speech: noun 1. An immensely strong love or sexual attraction. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: As to the former, he is under a singular species of infatuation, to render himself thus subservient to the plans of Melliphant. Happily, however, we have effected our escape from them, and are on the road to our peaceful dwelling. 2. The act of infatuating; the state of being infatuated; madness. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 3. Something which infatuates. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: infelicitous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English felicitous English infelicitous From in- + felicitous. Pronunciation: /ˌɪn.fəˈlɪs.ɪ.təs/, /ˌɪn.fɪˈlɪs.ɪ.təs/, /ˌɪn.fɛlˈɪs.ɪ.təs/, /ˌɪn.fəˈlɪs.ə.təs/ 1. Unhappy or unfortunate. Example: My last run this month is an amazing performance of an "A2/3" Pacific, No. 60524, Herringbone (could there possibly be a more infelicitous name for a locomotive than this, let alone for the unhappy horse which first had to bear it?), […]. Example: If leading a "dog's life" be considered a peculiar phase of human misery, the life of a Boys' Dog is still more infelicitous. 2. Inappropriate or awkward; not well said, expressed, or done. Example: "Now, you've got just grounds for shooting me," he said gaily, and instantly regretted his infelicitous remark. 3. Of a sentence or utterance: not semantically and pragmatically coherent.
Word: inference Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin inferentia. Morphologically infer + -ence. Pronunciation: /ˈɪn.fə.ɹəns/, [ˈɪɱ.fə.ɹəns], [ˈɪɱ.fɹəns], /ˈɪn.fɚ.əns/, [ˈɪɱ.fɚ.əns] 1. The act or process of inferring by deduction or induction. Labels: uncountable 2. That which is inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction. Labels: countable Example: A key part of McCarthy’s argument, as made in other settings, such as a Larry King evening news show and on a now-infamous Oprah episode, focuses on the fact that children receive more vaccines now than ever before, which she believes corresponds with a rise in autism rates. However, as scientists and others who reject fallacious inferences point out, correlation is not causation. 3. Output generated by a trained machine learning model as it applies learned patterns to new data. Labels: uncountable 4. An instance or example of this, such as a prediction, classification, decision, etc. Labels: countable
Word: infest Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”), of uncertain origin. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈfɛst/ 1. To inhabit a place in unpleasantly large numbers; to plague, harass. Labels: transitive Example: Insects are infesting my basement! Example: Sir, my liege, Do not infest your mind with beating on The strangeness of this business; at pick’d leisure Which shall be shortly, I’ll resolve you, Which to you shall seem probable, of every These happen’d accidents; till when, be cheerful And think of each thing well. 2. To invade a host plant or animal.
Word: infest Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”), of uncertain origin. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈfɛst/ 1. Mischievous; hurtful; harassing. Labels: obsolete Example: […] The swarme of scaled snakes Did make an yrksome noyce to heare, as she her tresses shakes. About her shoulders some did craule, some trayling downe her brest, Did hisse, and spit out poison greene, and spirt with tongues infest. Example: He stayed not t’advize, which way were best His foe t’assayle, or how himselfe to gard, But with fierce fury and with force infest Upon him ran […]
Word: infest Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”), of uncertain origin. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈfɛst/ 1. Hostility. Labels: obsolete, uncountable Example: 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book II, Canto Eleven, Stanza 32, Hackett, 2006, p. 191, Like as a fire, the which in hollow cave Hath long bene underkept, and down supprest, With murmurous disdayne doth inly rave, And grudge, in so streight prison to be prest, At last breakes forth with furious infest, And strives to mount unto his native seat […]
Word: infiltration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English infiltracioun, from Medieval Latin infiltrātiōnem, infiltrātiō. By surface analysis, infiltrat(e) + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪnfɪlˈtɹeɪʃən/, /ˌɪnfəlˈtɹeɪʃən/ 1. The act or process of infiltrating, as of water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ or part of the body. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The act or process of infiltrating, as of water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ or part of the body. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The substance which has entered the pores or cavities of a body. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities 4. The act of secretly entering a physical location and/or organization. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: No one should be under any illusions about the objective of the Communist Party leadership: it’s long-term, systematic infiltration of social organisations, media and government. By the time China’s infiltration of Australia is readily apparent, it will be too late.
Word: inflammation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French inflammation, from Latin īnflammātiō, equivalent to inflame + -ation. Pronunciation: /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, [ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən] ~ [ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃn̩], [ɪɱfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən] ~ [ɪɱfləˈmeɪ̯ʃn̩] 1. The act of inflaming, kindling, or setting on fire. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable 2. The state of being inflamed. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), often referred to by doctors today as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is a type of arthritis that causes joint inflammation and stiffness for more than six weeks in a child aged 16 or younger. It affects approximately 50,000 children in the United States. Inflammation causes redness, swelling, warmth, and soreness in the joints, although many children with JRA do not complain of joint pain. 4. Violent excitement. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable Example: an inflammation of the mind, of the body politic, or of parties
Word: inhabitation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English inhabit Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English inhabitation From inhabit + -ation. 1. The act of inhabiting, or the state of being inhabited; indwelling. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Abode; place of dwelling; residence. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Population; inhabitants. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Noiſe call you it or univerſal groan / As if the whole inhabitation periſ'd, / Blood, death, and deathful deeds are in the noiſe, / Ruin, deſtruction at the utmoſt point.
Word: inhalation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English inhale Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English inhalation From inhale + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃən/, [ˌɪnɦəˈleɪʃn̩] 1. The act of inhaling; inbreathing. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: On Ickerson's part, with the help of "a few post-jentacular inhalations," as he in his colossal manner was pleased to phrase it, "from that fragrant weed which so propitiates clearness of thought, and tends to promote equanimity in action." Example: The girl stooped to pluck a rose, and as she bent over it, her profile was clearly outlined. She held the flower to her face with a long-drawn inhalation, then went up the steps, crossed the piazza, opened the door without knocking, and entered the house with the air of one thoroughly at home. 2. The substance (medicament) which is inhaled. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: initiation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French initiation, from Latin initiātiō. Morphologically initiate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌnɪʃ.iˈeɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of initiating, or the process of being initiated or introduced. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: initiation into a society Example: initiation into business 2. The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The first step of transcription or of transduction. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: injunction Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English iniunccyon, iniunccion, from Old French injonctïon, from Latin iniūnctiō (“command, injunction”). Pronunciation: /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃən/ 1. The act of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or prohibiting. 2. That which is enjoined; such as an order, mandate, decree, command, precept. Example: […]she added, “Lizzy, I insist upon your staying and hearing Mr. Collins.” Elizabeth would not oppose such an injunction—and a moment's consideration making her also sensible that it would be wisest to get it over as soon and as quietly as possible, […]. Example: Its verbs are conjugated in a way that defies all the injunctions of the grammar books; it has its contumacious rules of tense, number and case; […] 3. A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ. Example: Southwark council, which took out the injunction against Matt, believes YouTube has become the "new playground" for gang members. Example: The judges said Trump must issue new orders reflecting the permanent injunction within 10 days.
Word: injury Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English injurie, from Anglo-Norman injurie, from Latin iniūria (“injustice; wrong; offense”), from in- (“not”) + iūs, iūris (“right, law”). Doublet of injuria. Pronunciation: /ˈɪn.d͡ʒə.ɹi/, /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɹi/, /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ.i/, /ˈɪɲdʒʊri/ 1. Damage to the body of a living thing. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The passenger sustained a severe injury in the car accident. Example: Minor injuries such as cuts and abrasions are cleaned and bandaged on site; serious injuries require an ambulance call. 2. Other forms of damage sustained by a living thing, e.g. psychologically. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The violation of a person's reputation, rights, property, or interests. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Slander is an injury to the character. 4. Injustice. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: injury Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English injurie, from Anglo-Norman injurie, from Latin iniūria (“injustice; wrong; offense”), from in- (“not”) + iūs, iūris (“right, law”). Doublet of injuria. Pronunciation: /ˈɪn.d͡ʒə.ɹi/, /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɹi/, /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ.i/, /ˈɪɲdʒʊri/ 1. To wrong, to injure. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: The best of us doth not so much feare to wrong him, as he doth to injurie his neighbour, his kinsman, or his master.
Word: innate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: The adjective is first attested in the 1420s, the verb in 1602; from Middle English innat(e) (“innate, inborn”), borrowed from Latin innātus (“inborn, innate”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), perfect active participle of innāscor (“to be born in, grow up in”), from in- (“in, at on”) + nāscor (“to be born”); see natal, native. The verb is derived from the adjective, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Pronunciation: /ɪˈneɪt/ 1. Inborn; existing or having existed since birth. Labels: not-comparable Example: Ironically, given France's innate reluctance to permit competition at home, the first breach in Renfe's monopoly came from SNCF offshoot Ouigo España in 2021. 2. Originating in, or derived from, the constitution of the intellect, as opposed to acquired from experience. Labels: not-comparable Example: innate ideas Example: There is an innate light in every man, discovering to him the first lines of duty, in the common notions of good and evil, which, by cultivation and improvement, may be advanced to higher and brighter discoveries. 3. Instinctive; coming from instinct. Labels: not-comparable Example: Perhaps, from an innate desire of justification, sorrow always exaggerates itself. Example: As if she held the clue to something secret in his breast, of the nature of which he was hardly informed himself. As if she had an innate knowledge of one jarring and discordant string within him, and her very breath could sound it. 4. Joined by the base to the very tip of a filament. Labels: not-comparable Example: an innate anther
Word: innate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The adjective is first attested in the 1420s, the verb in 1602; from Middle English innat(e) (“innate, inborn”), borrowed from Latin innātus (“inborn, innate”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), perfect active participle of innāscor (“to be born in, grow up in”), from in- (“in, at on”) + nāscor (“to be born”); see natal, native. The verb is derived from the adjective, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Pronunciation: /ɪˈneɪt/ 1. To cause to exist; to call into being. Labels: obsolete Example: I never ſaw a foole leane : the chub-fac’d fop / Shines ſleek with full cramm’d fat of happineſſe, / VVhilſt ſtudious contemplation ſucks the juice / From wiſards cheekes : who making curious ſearch / For Natures ſecrets, the firſt innating cauſe / Laughs them to ſcorne, as man doth buſy Apes / VVhen they will zany men. Example: […]but the innating matter works not upon the dull matter, as upon a new material, for the innate matter is mixt with the dull part of matter[…]
Word: innervation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in-bor. Middle English in- English in- English nerve Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Italic *-ātos Latin -ātuslbor. English -ate English innervate Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ion English innervation From innervate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, /ɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃn̩/, /ˌɪn.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, /ɪˌnɝˈveɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of innervating or stimulating. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Special activity excited in any part of the nervous system or in any organ of sense or motion; the nervous influence necessary for the maintenance of life, and the functions of the various organs. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The distribution of nerves in an animal, or to any of its parts. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: innocuous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin innocuus (“harmless”) (therefore, no gemination in + nocuous). Pronunciation: /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/, /ɪˈnɑkjuəs/ 1. Harmless; producing no ill effect. Example: With its green cupola or tapering spire, / Which sunset touches with innocuous fire, / The little church appears, to sanctify / The precincts duly where men live and die— [...] Example: The shells fell for the most part innocuous; an eyewitness saw children at play beside the flaming houses; not a soul was injured. 2. Inoffensive; unprovocative; unexceptionable. Example: Ruth Devlin announced that the song must wait, though it appeared to be innocuous and child-like in its sentiments. Example: He sat down, and lighted a cigarette, casting about the while for an innocuous topic of conversation.
Word: inoculation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin inoculātio. Equivalent to inoculate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɪˌnɒkjʊˈleɪʃən/, /ɪˌnɑkjəˈleɪʃən/ 1. The introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We owe, also, to Lady Mary the introduction of inoculation—the moral courage she displayed; the blessing conferred by her exertions may well silence the harsh judgment which suits so little with our narrow and finite intelligence. 2. The introduction of a microorganism into a culture medium. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The insertion of the buds of one plant into another; grafting. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. An inoculum; that which is inoculated. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Synonym of prebunking. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Any technique to reduce harm by exposing oneself to a milder form of that harm. Labels: broadly, countable, uncountable Example: Practitioners might similarly employ stress inoculation strategies wherein clients visualize binegative situations—such as being subtly invalidated […]
Word: inquiry Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English enquery, from the Old French verb enquerre, from Latin inquīrō, composed of in- (“in, at, on; into”) + quaerō (“to seek, look for”), of uncertain origin, but possibly from Proto-Italic *kʷaizeō, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂- (“to acquire”). Later respelled to conform to the original Latin spelling, as opposed to the Old French spelling. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈkwaɪəɹi/, /ɪŋ-/, /ɪnˈkwaɪ(ə)ɹi/, /ˈɪnkwɪɹi/ 1. The act of inquiring; a seeking of information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Yet in that February there were still some flutters of song, one of which was, Hey for the Lass wi' a Tocher, written in answer to Thomson's beseeching inquiry if he was never to hear from him again. 2. A search for truth, information, or knowledge; examination of facts or principles; research; investigation; inquest. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Scientific inquiry Example: Donald Trump has lashed out against his own supporters, calling them gullible “weaklings” for questioning the transparency of a secretive government inquiry into the late high-profile socialite and sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.