nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: Roman Empire Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The sense something that one frequently thinks about is a reference to the "How Often Do You Think About the Roman Empire?" meme, popularized on Instagram and TikTok around September 2023. Pronunciation: /ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/, /ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ 1. An unexpected or apparently random topic that one frequently thinks about. Labels: Internet Example: the dinner party episode from fleabag is my roman empire Example: Yeah we had a big convo about this at work. I work in a pharmacy which is like 90% women (it's the best) and we collectively decided our "Roman empire" is either Genghis Khan or blood clots, and the teenage version was toxic shock syndrome lol
Word: cockadoodledoo Part of Speech: intj 1. Alternative spelling of cock-a-doodle-doo. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: cockadoodledoo Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of cock-a-doodle-doo. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: cojones Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish cojones (“testicles, balls”). Doublet of cullion and culeus. Pronunciation: /kəˈhoʊˌneɪs/, /kəˈhoʊniːz/ 1. Synonym of balls (“testicles; courage, masculinity”). Labels: plural, plural-only, slang, usually, vulgar Example: Stepping right into a trap... Your biggest problem is that you got big cojones but nothing in your brains. I think Freud would have something to say about your obsession with my big cojones. Example: The feisty wife of a world-renowned Russian sculptor emasculated an armed thug outside her Soho home — saying he “didn’t have the cojones to shoot her,” police sources said yesterday.
Word: wrinkled Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪŋkl̩d/ 1. Uneven, with many furrows and prominent points, often in reference to the skin or hide of animals. Example: As the ocean receded from the beach it left the sand appearing wrinkled. Example: Lying on the floor was a dead man, in evening dress, with a knife in his heart. He was withered, wrinkled, and loathsome of visage. It was not till they had examined the rings that they recognized who it was.
Word: wrinkled Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪŋkl̩d/ 1. simple past and past participle of wrinkle Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: realism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁ís Proto-Italic *reis Classical Latin rēs Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Late Latin reālisder. Old French reelbor. Middle English real English real Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English realism From real + -ism. Pronunciation: /ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/ 1. A concern for fact or reality and rejection of the impractical and visionary. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. An artistic representation of reality as it is. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The viewpoint that an external reality exists independent of observation. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A doctrine that universals are real: they exist and are distinct from the particulars that instantiate them. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: akra Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of accra. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: surrealism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Italic *super Latin super Latin super- Old French sur- French sur- Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁ís Proto-Italic *reis Classical Latin rēs Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Late Latin reālisder. Old French reel Middle French real French réel Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)der. Latin -ismusbor. French -isme French réalisme French surréalismebor. English surrealism Borrowed from French surréalisme. By surface analysis, sur- + realism or surreal + -ism. Pronunciation: /səˈɹiː(.ə)l.ɪz.əm/, /syːˈɹiː(.ə)l.ɪz.əm/ 1. An artistic movement and an aesthetic philosophy that aims for the liberation of the mind by emphasizing the critical and imaginative powers of the subconscious. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Art with a surreal aesthetic or narrative, regardless of whether or not it is linked to the surrealist movement. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable
Word: monotone Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From the post-Classical Latin monotonus (“unvarying in tone”) or its etymon the Ancient Greek μονότονος (monótonos, “steady”, “unwavering”); compare cognate adjectives, namely the French monotone, the German monoton, the Italian monotono, and the Spanish monótono, as well as the slightly earlier English noun monotony and adjective monotonical. Pronunciation: /ˈmɒn.ə.təʊn/, /ˈmɑ.nə.toʊn/, /ˈmɒn.ə.toʊn/, /ˈmɔn.ə.təʉn/, /ˈmɒn.ə.tɐʉn/ 1. Having a single unvaried pitch. Example: The prominence of the syllables is more monotone than in English, the intonation of the latter having a larger variation of stressed and unstressed syllables. Example: In the formal register, such variation is reduced and the talk has a more monotone, business-like quality. 2. Of a function: that is always nonincreasing or nondecreasing on an interval. Example: The function f(x)#58;#61;x³ is monotone on #92;R, while g(x)#58;#61;x² is not. 3. Synonym of monochrome.
Word: monotone Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the post-Classical Latin monotonus (“unvarying in tone”) or its etymon the Ancient Greek μονότονος (monótonos, “steady”, “unwavering”); compare cognate adjectives, namely the French monotone, the German monoton, the Italian monotono, and the Spanish monótono, as well as the slightly earlier English noun monotony and adjective monotonical. Pronunciation: /ˈmɒn.ə.təʊn/, /ˈmɑ.nə.toʊn/, /ˈmɒn.ə.toʊn/, /ˈmɔn.ə.təʉn/, /ˈmɒn.ə.tɐʉn/ 1. A single unvaried tone of speech or a sound. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: When Tima felt like her parents were treating her like a servant, she would speak in monotone and act as though she were a robot. Example: It is no very difficult matter to be loud in a high tone of voice; but to be loud and forcible in a low tone, requires great practice and management; this, however, may be facilitated by pronouncing forcibly at firſt in a low monotone; a monotone, though in a low key, and without force, is much more ſonorous and audible than when the voice ſlides up and down at almoſt every word, as it muſt do to be various. 2. A piece of writing in one strain throughout. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: monotone Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From the post-Classical Latin monotonus (“unvarying in tone”) or its etymon the Ancient Greek μονότονος (monótonos, “steady”, “unwavering”); compare cognate adjectives, namely the French monotone, the German monoton, the Italian monotono, and the Spanish monótono, as well as the slightly earlier English noun monotony and adjective monotonical. Pronunciation: /ˈmɒn.ə.təʊn/, /ˈmɑ.nə.toʊn/, /ˈmɒn.ə.toʊn/, /ˈmɔn.ə.təʉn/, /ˈmɒn.ə.tɐʉn/ 1. To speak in a monotone. Labels: ambitransitive
Word: asynchronous transfer mode Part of Speech: noun 1. A broadband voice and data technology with quality (class) of service QoS transmission for sending and receiving voice, data, and multimedia information over a fiber-optic network.
Word: hooch Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Abbreviation of hoochinoo, name of a specific liquor, from Tlingit Xutsnoowú Ḵwáan, the group that produced it, from Hutsnuwu (“grizzly bear fort”), the name of the village on Admiralty Island in which they lived. From Tlingit xóots (“grizzly bear”). Pronunciation: /huːt͡ʃ/ 1. An alcoholic beverage, especially an inferior or illicit one and especially liquor such as whisky. Labels: Canada, US, countable, informal, uncountable Example: he was so grief-stricken that he literally drowned his sorrow in “hootch-i-noo,” the native equivalent of whiskey. […] Had he not been so sad he would not have drunk the “hootch,” and if he had not drunk the hootch he would not have died: a perfectly reasonable and logical argument. Example: Bring on the free hooch!
Word: hooch Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in the 1950s, probably borrowed from Japanese 家(うち) (uchi, “house”), especially the dialectal form with an initial h- used on the Ryukyu islands where many American soldiers were based. Pronunciation: /huːt͡ʃ/ 1. A thatched hut, CHU, or any simple dwelling. Example: Burn the hooches.
Word: hooch Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /huːt͡ʃ/ 1. Alternative form of hoosh (“type of stew”). Labels: alt-of, alternative, uncountable
Word: velleity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Medieval Latin velleitās, from Latin velle (“wish, will”). Pronunciation: /vɛˈliː.ɪ.ti/ 1. The lowest degree of desire or volition; a total lack of effort to act. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Rousseau showed through life a singular proneness for being convinced by his own eloquence; he was always his own first convert; and this reconciles his power as a writer with his weakness as a man. He and all like him mistake emotion for conviction, velleity for resolve, the brief eddy of sentiment for the midcurrent of ever-gathering faith in duty that draws to itself all the affluents of conscience and will, and gives continuity and purpose to life. Example: This connoisseuse of “splendid weaknesses”, run not by any lust or even velleity but by vacuum: by the absence of human hope. 2. A slight wish not followed by any effort to obtain. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: All were born late enough to breathe the atmosphere of the new poetry young; all had poetical velleities, and a certain amount, if not of originality, of capacity to write poetry. But they were not poets; they were only poetical curiosities. Example: —And so the conversation slips / Among velleities and carefully caught regrets / Through attenuated tones of violins / Mingled with remote cornets / And begins.
Word: ides Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ides, idus, from Anglo-Norman and Old French ides, from Latin īdūs, a fourth-declension plurale tantum, from the Latin practice of treating most recurring calendrical days as plurals. The Latin term is cognate with Oscan eiduis, both perhaps deriving from an unknown Etruscan term. Middle English and Old French also used the singular form ide. Pronunciation: /aɪdz/ 1. The notional full-moon day of a Roman month, occurring on the 15th day of the four original 31-day months (March, May, Quintilis or July, and October) and on the 13th day of all other months. Labels: capitalized, historical, often Example: Þa monðas þe habbað iiii nonas æfter kalendas... habbað to idus xiii dagas and to ii kalendas eahtatyne. Those months that have 4 nones after the kalends... have 13 days to the ides and eighteen to the second kalends. Example: The Roman Month its several days divides By reckoning backwards, Calends, Nones, and Ides.
Word: ides Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See ide. Pronunciation: /aɪdz/ 1. plural of ide Labels: form-of, plural
Word: mantissa Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin mantissa, mantīsa, of unknown origin (said by Festus to be a loanword from Etruscan, but it may actually be from Celtic, possibly through Etruscan mediation). Coincidentally, proparoxytone Greek μάντισσα (mántissa) means "female foreteller", as in χαρτομάντισσα (chartomántissa, “cartomancer”) or χειρομάντισσα (cheiromántissa, “chiromancer”). Pronunciation: /mænˈtɪsə/ 1. A minor addition to a text. Labels: obsolete 2. The part of a common logarithm after the decimal point, the fractional part of a logarithm. 3. The significand; that part of a floating-point number or number in scientific notation that contains its significant digits.
Word: sentinel Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in the 1570s from Middle French sentinelle (“watch or guard kept by a soldier”), from Old Italian sentinella, probably from sentina + -ella, from sentire (“perceive, watch, hear”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive by the senses”). See also sense, sentient. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛn.tɪ.nəl/ 1. A sentry, watch, or guard. Example: They promised faithfully to bear their confinement with patience, and were very thankful that they had such good usage as to have provisions and light left them; for Friday gave them candles (such as we made ourselves) for their comfort; and they did not know but that he stood sentinel over them at the entrance. Example: the sentinels who paced the ramparts 2. A private soldier. Labels: obsolete Example: “I will not permit the poorest centinel to be treated with injustice.” 3. A unique value recognised by a computer program for processing in a special way, or marking the end of a set of data. Example: The <xmp> tag is a sentinel that suspends web-page processing and displays the subsequent text literally Example: […] a sentinel value that indicates a missing entry. 4. A sentinel crab. 5. A sign of a health risk (e.g. a disease, an adverse effect). Labels: attributive Example: sentinel animals can be used to explore endemic diseases.
Word: sentinel Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First attested in the 1570s from Middle French sentinelle (“watch or guard kept by a soldier”), from Old Italian sentinella, probably from sentina + -ella, from sentire (“perceive, watch, hear”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive by the senses”). See also sense, sentient. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛn.tɪ.nəl/ 1. To watch over as a guard. Labels: transitive Example: He sentineled the north wall. 2. To post a guard for. Labels: transitive Example: He sentineled the north wall with just one man. Example: The old-fashioned stoop, with its suggestive benches on either side, lay solitary and silent in the moonlight; the garden path, weedily overgrown since father's death, and sentineled here and there with ragged hollyhock, lay quiet and dew-laden […]
Word: howitzer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch houwitser, from German Haubitze, from Middle High German haufniz, from Czech houfnice, which was derived from houf (“flock, crowd”) + -nice. The Czech noun houf comes from Middle High German hufe (“heap”), from Old High German hūfo. Pronunciation: /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.ə(ɹ)/, /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.əɹ/ 1. A cannon that combines certain characteristics of field guns and mortars, delivering projectiles with medium velocities, usually with relatively high trajectories; normally a cannon with a tube length of 20 to 30 calibers. 2. A powerfully hit shot. Example: Belgium took a little while to catch Scotland with the first of the howitzer blows, but when the first one landed there was a certainty of more. Many more.
Word: howitzer Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch houwitser, from German Haubitze, from Middle High German haufniz, from Czech houfnice, which was derived from houf (“flock, crowd”) + -nice. The Czech noun houf comes from Middle High German hufe (“heap”), from Old High German hūfo. Pronunciation: /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.ə(ɹ)/, /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.əɹ/ 1. To attack with a howitzer. Labels: transitive
Word: semtex Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Genericized trademark Semtex, derived from the Czech name of the suburb of Pardubice where it was manufactured, Semtín, and ex(plosive). Pronunciation: /ˈsɛm.tɛks/ 1. A highly malleable general-purpose plastic explosive. Labels: uncountable
Word: semtex Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Genericized trademark Semtex, derived from the Czech name of the suburb of Pardubice where it was manufactured, Semtín, and ex(plosive). Pronunciation: /ˈsɛm.tɛks/ 1. To use semtex to destroy (something). Labels: colloquial, transitive
Word: czardas Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of csardas. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: goulash Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French goulasch, itself from Hungarian gulyás (“herdsman”), an ellipsis of gulyáshús (“herdsman meat”), gulyásétel (“herdsman food”), and/or gulyástokány (“herdsman stew”). First attested in English 1866. Pronunciation: /ˈɡuː.læʃ/, /ˈɡuː.lɑːʃ/ 1. A stew of beef or veal and vegetables, flavoured with paprika. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Synonym of American chop suey. Labels: Midwestern-US, countable, uncountable 3. A style of play in which the cards are not thoroughly shuffled between consecutive deals, so as to make the suits less evenly distributed between the players. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A hodgepodge, mishmash Labels: countable, uncountable Example: While people do not flaunt their preferences, there is also no attempt to hide the facts. One man, who had worked with the collective for three months, could not divide the group by sexuality. "It seems like a goulash of gays, straights, bi's but you can't tell who's who, or what's what."
Word: tokaji Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of tokay. Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable
Word: shako Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French shako, from Hungarian csákó (“cylindrical military dress hat worn by the Hungarian hussars from the 18th century to World War I”). Pronunciation: /ˈʃeɪkəʊ/, /ˈʃɑːkəʊ/, /ˈʃeɪkoʊ/, /ˈʃɑkoʊ/ 1. A stiff, cylindrical military dress hat with a metal plate in front, a short visor, and a plume. 2. A bearskin or busby. Labels: UK
Word: shako Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Japanese 蝦蛄 (shako), ultimately from Chinese 蝦蛄 /虾蛄 (xiāgū). Pronunciation: /ˈʃɑːkəʊ/, /ˈʃɑkoʊ/ 1. The squilla or mantis shrimp. Labels: uncountable
Word: illegal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from French illégal, from Medieval Latin illegalis, from Latin legalis, by surface analysis, il- + legal. In senses relating to immigration, via clipping of illegal alien or illegal immigrant. Pronunciation: /ɪˈliːɡəl/, /ɪˈli.ɡəl/, [ɪɫˈli.ɡəɫ] 1. Contrary to, forbidden, or not authorized by law, especially criminal law. Example: This is illegal, you know! Example: Nearly 40 million people live in UK areas with illegal air pollution 2. Forbidden by established rules. Example: Moving a pawn backward is an illegal move in chess. Example: The computer program performed an illegal operation and was terminated. 3. Totally fictitious, and often issued on behalf of a non-existent territory or country. 4. Being or doing something illegally. Labels: offensive, sometimes Example: illegal immigrant Example: illegal logger 5. Being an illegal immigrant; residing in a country illegally. Labels: US, offensive, sometimes
Word: illegal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French illégal, from Medieval Latin illegalis, from Latin legalis, by surface analysis, il- + legal. In senses relating to immigration, via clipping of illegal alien or illegal immigrant. Pronunciation: /ɪˈliːɡəl/, /ɪˈli.ɡəl/, [ɪɫˈli.ɡəɫ] 1. An illegal act or technique. Labels: obsolete Example: That whatſoever illegals hath been uſed againſt his friends and ſubjects, by impriſoning them without law, or impoſing fines upon their eſtates, be diſclaimed, and that perſons ſo committed be forthwith diſcharged. 2. Contraband, esp. illegal substances such as drugs. Labels: colloquial, in-plural Example: …I've got illegals in my bottom…! Example: “Here’s what I could do,” Eve supposed. “I could slap your head against that wall, while I’m kicking your balls into your belly,” she added to the companion. “And after that, I can have you in restraints while I turn out your pockets. You’re carrying illegals. 3. Ellipsis of illegal immigrant. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, colloquial, ellipsis, offensive Example: In Manchester and in Aldershot in Hampshire, asylum seeker accommodation was targeted by demonstrators carrying placards that read “deport them, don’t support them” and “no apartments for illegals”. 4. A spy operating abroad illegally and under non-official cover, without visible ties to his or her country’s authorities. Example: Anna Chapman, whose glamorous appearance won her more publicity in the Western media than all the other illegals combined, was so successfully deceived by a US sting operation that she handed over her SVR laptop to an FBI agent posing as a Russian. Example: Traditionally, illegals have been extremely hard for counterintelligence agencies to find, but in a world of biometric data, facial recognition software and open source investigation possibilities, it has become harder for Russia to keep its illegals below the radar.
Word: bangle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi बंग्ली (baṅglī, “glass bracelet”). Pronunciation: /ˈbæŋ.ɡəl/, [ˈbæŋ.ɡl̩], /ˈbeɪ̯ŋ.ɡəl/, /ˈbɛ̃ŋ.ɡəl/, [ˈbeɪ̯ŋ.ɡl̩] 1. A rigid bracelet or anklet, especially one with no clasp. Example: Mrs. MacAndrew smoothed down the lap of her gown, and gold bangles fell over her wrists.
Word: bangle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Unknown, yet probably from bang + -le (frequentative suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈbæŋ.ɡəl/, [ˈbæŋ.ɡl̩], /ˈbeɪ̯ŋ.ɡəl/, /ˈbɛ̃ŋ.ɡəl/, [ˈbeɪ̯ŋ.ɡl̩] 1. to beat about or beat down, as corn by the wind. Labels: obsolete, transitive 2. to waste away little by little; squander carelessly; fritter (away). Labels: dialectal, obsolete Example: Thus betwixt hope and fear, suspicions, angers […] betwixt falling in, falling out, etc., we bangle away our best days, befool out our times […]. Example: If we bangle away the legacy of peace left us by Christ, it is a sign of our want of regard for him. — Duty of Man. 3. (falconry) to beat about in the air; flutter: said of a hawk which does not rise steadily and then swoop down upon its prey. Labels: intransitive 4. to flap or hang down loosely, as a hat brim or an animal's ear. Labels: intransitive
Word: bangle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Apparently from bang (verb) + -le (instrumental suffix), perhaps ultimately connected with Proto-Germanic *bangilaz. Compare Dutch bengel, German Bengel. Pronunciation: /ˈbæŋ.ɡəl/, [ˈbæŋ.ɡl̩], /ˈbeɪ̯ŋ.ɡəl/, /ˈbɛ̃ŋ.ɡəl/, [ˈbeɪ̯ŋ.ɡl̩] 1. The cut branch of a tree; a large, rough stick; the largest piece of wood in a bundle of twigs Labels: dialectal
Word: bungalow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Gujarati બંગલો (baṅglo, “Bengali-style house; a detached house situated between a garden or a field”). Compare Hindi बंगला (baṅglā, “Bengali”), Bengali বাংলা (baṅla, “Bengal”). Doublet of bangalo and Bangla. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌŋɡələʊ/, /ˈbʌŋɡl̩əʊ/, /ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ/, /ˈbʌŋɡl̩oʊ/, /ˈbəŋɡ(ə).lɔː/ 1. A single-storey house, typically with rooms all on one level, or sometimes also with upper rooms set into the roof space. Example: My aunt can't manage the stairs any more, so she's moving to a bungalow. Example: the proprietor of the little tin bungalow that did duty for a garage 2. A thatched or tiled one-story house in India surrounded by a wide veranda; a similar house in this style. Example: Following the rule adopted in most tropical countries, a bungalow style of house was chosen. 3. A chalet or lodge. Labels: Atlantic-Canada 4. A detached, freestanding house or mansion. Labels: Malaysia, Singapore
Word: Blighty Part of Speech: name Etymology: Corruption of the Hindustani विलायती (vilāytī) / وِلایَتی (vilāyatī, “foreign”), which is related to Arabic ولاية (wilāyah, “state, province”), whence also, through Turkish, vilayet. Sir Henry Yule and Arthur C. Burnell explained in their Anglo-Indian dictionary, Hobson-Jobson, published in 1886, that the word was used in the names of several kinds of exotic foreign things, especially those that the British had brought into the country, such as the tomato, विलायती बैंगन (vilāytī baiṅgan, literally “foreign aubergine”), and especially to soda water, which was commonly called विलायती पानी (vilāytī pānī, literally “foreign water”). Blighty was the inevitable British soldier’s corruption of it. But it only came into common use as a term for Britain at the beginning of the First World War in France about 1915. It turns up in popular songs "There’s a ship that’s bound for Blighty", "We wish we were in Blighty", and "Take me back to dear old Blighty, put me on the train for London town", and in Wilfred Owen's poems, as well as many other places. The sense of a minor wound comes from attributive use of the noun, as in “a Blighty wound,” “a Blighty one,” 1916. In modern Australian usage, Old – a sentimental reference to Britain, as in Old Country and Old Dart – was added to give Old Blighty. Pronunciation: /ˈblaɪti/ 1. Great Britain, Britain, or England, especially as viewed from abroad. Example: Before I knew it, 8 August had come around and our holiday was over. As my lovely little family headed for the airport to jump ship back to Blighty, I was on the road again with fresh legs. Example: Living in the US, I have always seized every opportunity to insist things are better in Blighty. But now both countries look ludicrous[.] 2. A locality in the Edward River council area, southern New South Wales, Australia.
Word: Blighty Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Corruption of the Hindustani विलायती (vilāytī) / وِلایَتی (vilāyatī, “foreign”), which is related to Arabic ولاية (wilāyah, “state, province”), whence also, through Turkish, vilayet. Sir Henry Yule and Arthur C. Burnell explained in their Anglo-Indian dictionary, Hobson-Jobson, published in 1886, that the word was used in the names of several kinds of exotic foreign things, especially those that the British had brought into the country, such as the tomato, विलायती बैंगन (vilāytī baiṅgan, literally “foreign aubergine”), and especially to soda water, which was commonly called विलायती पानी (vilāytī pānī, literally “foreign water”). Blighty was the inevitable British soldier’s corruption of it. But it only came into common use as a term for Britain at the beginning of the First World War in France about 1915. It turns up in popular songs "There’s a ship that’s bound for Blighty", "We wish we were in Blighty", and "Take me back to dear old Blighty, put me on the train for London town", and in Wilfred Owen's poems, as well as many other places. The sense of a minor wound comes from attributive use of the noun, as in “a Blighty wound,” “a Blighty one,” 1916. In modern Australian usage, Old – a sentimental reference to Britain, as in Old Country and Old Dart – was added to give Old Blighty. Pronunciation: /ˈblaɪti/ 1. Synonym of Blighty one. Labels: slang Example: The ones who did get a good Blighty were returned to England. Example: Well maybe I'll have luck this time in the shape of a decent little “Blighty” as its^([sic]) the only way out of it for a while.
Word: cummerbund Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani کمر بند / कमरबंद (kamarband), from Classical Persian کمربند (kamarband), from کمر (kamar, “waist”) + بند (band, “band”). Pronunciation: /ˈkʌməbʌnd/, /ˈkʌmɚˌbʌnd/, /ˈkʌmbɚˌbʌnd/ 1. A broad sash, especially one that is pleated lengthwise and worn as an article of formal dress, as around a man's waist together with a tuxedo or dinner jacket. Example: All this splendor was set off by a black shawl kummerbund, and blackish upper vest of the cloth called keem-khab, embroidered with large gold leaves. The vest was made like those of all other Mahomedans, but the lower part of it stuck out as you see painted in Indian prints, and altogether destroyed his figure; and the kummerbund was large and heavy. Example: Bounty cloathing is to be allowed, in the firſt inſtance, to the corps of Ordnance Drivers, according to the uſage of the Service, and with the bounty cloathing each individual is to be ſupplied on the formation of the corps with a blue turban and a red cummerbund at the coſt of the Government. […] the uniform turban and cummerbund to be afterwards provided by individuals, and kept up at their own expence.
Word: cushy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani خوشی (xośī) / ख़ुशी (xuśī), from Classical Persian خوشی (xuši, “happiness”). Pronunciation: /ˈkʊʃi/ 1. Making few demands; comfortable, easy. Labels: informal Example: This is a really cushy job. Mostly I just sit around drinking tea. Example: But if it really is such a cushy number, why doesn’t Britain have enough drivers – and what does it take to join their ranks? 2. Comfortable, often in a way that will suit a person's body; ergonomic. Labels: US Example: cushy sedans for executive types.
Word: dinghy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Bengali ডিঙি (ḍiṅi), perhaps from Sanskrit द्रोण (droṇa, “wooden trough”). Pronunciation: /ˈdɪŋ.(ɡ)i/, /ˈdɪŋ.ɡi/ 1. A small open boat, propelled by oars or paddles, carried as a tender, lifeboat, or pleasure craft on a ship. Example: The dinghy was trailing astern at the end of its painter, and Merrion looked at it as he passed. He saw that it was a battered-looking affair of the prahm type, with a blunt snout, and like the parent ship, had recently been painted a vivid green. 2. A sailing dinghy. 3. An inflatable rubber life raft.
Word: dinghy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Bengali ডিঙি (ḍiṅi), perhaps from Sanskrit द्रोण (droṇa, “wooden trough”). Pronunciation: /ˈdɪŋ.(ɡ)i/, /ˈdɪŋ.ɡi/ 1. To travel by dinghy. Labels: intransitive
Word: dungaree Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Hindi डूंगरी (ḍūṅgrī, “coarse calico”), from the name of a village. Pronunciation: /ˌdʌŋ.ɡəˈɹiː/ 1. Heavy denim fabric, often blue; blue jean material. Labels: uncountable Example: This fellow was in the native costume, which is literally worse than nothing, consisting only of a straw tube, about a foot long, with a shred of blue dungaree hanging from its upper end. Example: 1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The "Gloria Scott" He wore an open jacket, with a splotch of tar on the sleeve, a red-and-black check shirt, dungaree trousers, and heavy boots badly worn. 2. Trousers or pants or overalls made from such fabric. Labels: countable, plural, plural-only, uncountable 3. Attributive form of dungarees. Labels: attributive, countable, form-of, uncountable Example: Meanwhile, Macpherson stood just outside the door, holding a cold chisel which he had taken from a dungaree pocket […] and there Mr. Willison found him.
Word: Jodhpur Part of Speech: name Etymology: Named after Jodha of Mandore (1416–1489). 1. A city in Rajasthan, India. Example: They marched, jaw-bound against blowing sand, across the salt desert to Jodhpur, where Mahbub and his handsome nephew Habib Ullah did much trading; and then sorrowfully, in European clothes, which he was fast outgrowing, Kim went second-class to St Xavier’s. 2. A district of Rajasthan, India.
Word: mugger Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From mug + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈmʌɡɚ/, /ˈmʌɡə/ 1. A person who assaults and robs others, especially in a public place. 2. A person who makes exaggerated faces, as a performance; a gurner.
Word: mugger Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi मगर (magar) / Urdu مَگَر (magar, “crocodile, alligator”), from Sanskrit मकर (makara, “sea monster”), ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *nek-V-ḷ- (“crocodile”) (DEDR 3732; reconstruction of Krishnamurti 2003) or Proto-Dravidian *mokaray- (“crocodile”), a verbal noun from *mok- / *moṅku- (“to eat greedily in large mouthfuls, devour, gobble”) (DEDR 5127 + 4897). Pronunciation: /ˈmʌɡɚ/, /ˈmʌɡə/ 1. A large crocodile, Crocodylus palustris, of southwest Asia, having a very broad wrinkled snout.
Word: mugger Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ˈmʌɡɚ/, /ˈmʌɡə/ 1. comparative form of mug: more mug Labels: comparative, form-of
Word: shawl Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Hindi शाल (śāl) and Urdu شال (śāl), from Persian شال (šâl). Pronunciation: /ʃɔːl/, /ʃoːl/, /ʃɔl/, /ʃɑl/, /ʃɒl/ 1. A square or rectangular piece of cloth worn as a covering for the head, neck, and shoulders, typically by women. Example: She wears her shawl when it's cold outside. Example: Just then Norbourne entered the chamber; and, fancying from her attitude that his wife was asleep, he approached softly, and drew a large shawl around her. 2. A fold of wrinkled flesh under the lips and neck of a bloodhound, used in scenting.
Word: shawl Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Hindi शाल (śāl) and Urdu شال (śāl), from Persian شال (šâl). Pronunciation: /ʃɔːl/, /ʃoːl/, /ʃɔl/, /ʃɑl/, /ʃɒl/ 1. To wrap in a shawl. Labels: transitive Example: Rebecca was shawling her in an upper apartment , where these two friends had an opportunity for a little of that secret talking and conspiring which forms the delight of female life
Word: thug Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani ठग (ṭhag) / ٹھگ (ṭhag, “swindler, fraud, cheat”), further derived from Prakrit 𑀞𑀕 (ṭhaga), of uncertain origin. See there for more. Thuggee was a network of gangs in India from the 17th century to the 19th century who robbed and murdered travellers, often by strangling. During British Imperial rule of India, many Indian words passed into common English, and by 1810 thug referred to a member of these Indian gangs. The sense was adopted more generally as "ruffian, cutthroat, and cruel robber" by 1839. Perhaps related to English thatch, deck. Pronunciation: /θʌɡ/, /θɐɡ/, /θʊɡ/, /fʌɡ/, /fʊɡ/ 1. A person who is a member of a gang or criminal organization. 2. A violent, aggressive, or truculent person. Example: They call you a land of license—free but to thug and thief. Example: Every summer brought the prospect of the dragonships snaking their way upriver, each vessel filled with thirty or more rapacious thugs. 3. A criminal that extorts people. 4. A person who use intimidation to coerce others. 5. One of a band of assassins formerly active in northern India who worshipped Kali and sacrificed their victims to her. Labels: historical 6. One who, usually as a result of social disadvantage, has turned to committing crimes (e.g. selling drugs, robbery, assault, etc.) to make a living; a gangsta. 7. An overvigorous plant that spreads and dominates the flowerbed. 8. A wooden bat used in the game of miniten, fitting around the player's hand.
Word: thug Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani ठग (ṭhag) / ٹھگ (ṭhag, “swindler, fraud, cheat”), further derived from Prakrit 𑀞𑀕 (ṭhaga), of uncertain origin. See there for more. Thuggee was a network of gangs in India from the 17th century to the 19th century who robbed and murdered travellers, often by strangling. During British Imperial rule of India, many Indian words passed into common English, and by 1810 thug referred to a member of these Indian gangs. The sense was adopted more generally as "ruffian, cutthroat, and cruel robber" by 1839. Perhaps related to English thatch, deck. Pronunciation: /θʌɡ/, /θɐɡ/, /θʊɡ/, /fʌɡ/, /fʊɡ/ 1. To commit acts of thuggery, to live the life of a thug, to menace, to commit crime. Labels: informal, transitive Example: Mr. Ingleby ascertained at the office—after threading the mazes of passage and staircase as though he expected momently to be Thugged—that his nephew had not yet come. Example: The report then records the arrest of the whole force of the union paper, the Victor Record, the forced resignation of many other civil officers in the Cripple Creek district who were in sympathy with the miners, […] the severe thugging of many of the well-known labor organizers, 2. (often with out) To appear as a thug; to dress and act in a manner reminiscent of a thug. Labels: informal, transitive Example: I don’t thug out, but I’m not Wall Street, either. Russell Simmons and Puffy have clothes for this look in the affordable range. Example: Oh. Besides Allen Iverson, basketball players don’t be thugged out enough for me. I like me a roughneck.
Word: verandah Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /vəˈɹændə/ 1. Alternative spelling of veranda. Labels: Australia, New-Zealand, alt-of, alternative, archaic Example: […]and yet, though desirous to be gone, she could not quit the Mansion House, or look an adieu to the Cottage, with its black, dripping, and comfortless verandah, or even notice through the misty glasses the last humble tenements of the village, without a saddened heart. Example: Therefore the safe return of the Roper party was the usual topic of our nightly conclaves in the verandah.
Word: lawful Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English laweful, equivalent to law + -ful, conflated with Middle English leful, leeful, leveful (“according to law, lawful, pertaining to law”). See also leveful. Pronunciation: /ˈlɔːfl̩/, /ˈlɔfl̩/, /ˈlɑfl̩/, /ˈloːfl̩/ 1. Conforming to, or recognised by the laws of society. Example: Lawful money is always a land asset and can only be issued by an actual land jurisdiction government — not a corporation. Example: The laws are controversial. Forcing someone to work during a lawful strike is a major step. It was always likely to inflame a situation, and so it proved with LNER. ASLEF's counter-tactic came as a five-day walkout, which would have been the longest stoppage for many years had LNER not withdrawn its plan. 2. Operating according to some law or fundamental principle. Example: Or would they have it believed, that there is in their ſelves ſome ſuperior ſanctity, ſome peculiar privilege, by which theſe things are lawful to them, which are unlawful to all the world beſides? Example: […] so that the person's actions are merely the inevitable product of lawful causes stemming from prior events […] 3. Of a character: having an alignment which makes them tend to follow the laws and conventions of society.
Word: lawful Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English laweful, equivalent to law + -ful, conflated with Middle English leful, leeful, leveful (“according to law, lawful, pertaining to law”). See also leveful. Pronunciation: /ˈlɔːfl̩/, /ˈlɔfl̩/, /ˈlɑfl̩/, /ˈloːfl̩/ 1. A character having a lawful alignment.
Word: nudge Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Circa 17th century, perhaps of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian nugge, nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”), Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”), from the root of Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”), from Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂- (compare Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”), source of English acnestis). Compare also Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”), knidge (“to push, squeeze”), gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”), and knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”), Saterland Frisian Nukke, Nuk (“a sudden push”), Middle Low German nucke, nücke, gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”). Compare also dialectal nuch (“to tremble”), Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”). Pronunciation: /nʌd͡ʒ/, /nɐd͡ʒ/ 1. A gentle push. Example: give someone a nudge 2. A feature of instant messaging software used to get the attention of another user, as by shaking the conversation window or playing a sound. Labels: Internet 3. The rotation by one step of a fruit machine reel of the player's choice. Example: Since the machine was showing two lemons and a cherry, I decided to try a nudge. 4. The use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence. Example: All this experimentation is yielding insights into which nudges give the biggest shove. One question is whether nudges can be designed to harness existing social norms. In Copenhagen Pelle Guldborg Hansen, founder of the Danish Nudging Network, a non-profit organisation, tested two potential “social nudges” in partnership with the local government, both using symbols to try to influence choices. Example: Manipulating behavior is old hat in the private sector, where advertisers and companies have been nudging consumers for decades. Just think of strategically placed chocolate bars at the checkout counter. But in public policy, nudge proponents study human behavior to try to figure out why people sometimes make choices that they themselves would consider poor. Then they test small changes in how those choices are presented, to see whether people can be steered toward better decisions — like putting apples, not chocolate bars, at eye level in school cafeterias. […] It is tricky to run perfectly controlled experiments in real-life situations, but proving the worth of nudges is a central principle of the program, Mr. Halpern said.
Word: nudge Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Circa 17th century, perhaps of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian nugge, nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”), Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”), from the root of Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”), from Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂- (compare Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”), source of English acnestis). Compare also Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”), knidge (“to push, squeeze”), gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”), and knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”), Saterland Frisian Nukke, Nuk (“a sudden push”), Middle Low German nucke, nücke, gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”). Compare also dialectal nuch (“to tremble”), Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”). Pronunciation: /nʌd͡ʒ/, /nɐd͡ʒ/ 1. To push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal. Labels: transitive Example: Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that “nudges” our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control. 2. To near or come close to something. Labels: transitive Example: This year's profits are nudging the 10 million mark. 3. To move slightly. Labels: transitive Example: But a serious public health and economic crisis, and the responses to it from commonwealth and state governments, seems to have nudged some “protest” voters back into the major party fold.
Word: nudge Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of nudzh. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: Grace is portrayed as an overly neurotic nudge who recites her own poetry, loves complicated situations, and is in the process of coming out to her liberal, middle class, Jewish parents.
Word: rig Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Early Modern English rygge, probably of North Germanic origin. Compare Norwegian rigge (“to bind up; wrap around; rig; equip”), Swedish dialectal rigga (“to rig a horse”), Faroese rigga (“to rig; to equip and fit; to make s.th. function”). Possibly from Proto-Germanic *rik- (“to bind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rign-, *reyg- (“to bind”); or related to Old English *wrīhan, wrīohan, wrēohan, wrēon (“to bind; wrap up; cover”). See also wry (“to cover; clothe; dress; hide”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪɡ/ 1. The rigging of a sailing ship or other such craft. 2. Special equipment or gear used for a particular purpose. Example: The climbers each had a different rig for climbing that particular rockface. Example: We used a ground-level rig to safely learn how to tile a gable roof. 3. A large truck, especially a semi-trailer truck. Labels: US Example: Every rig at the truckstop had custom-made mud-flaps. Example: "Big Joe's the name," an' I told him mine / He said: "The name of my rig is Phantom 309." 4. The special apparatus used for drilling wells. 5. A costume or an outfit. Labels: informal Example: My sister and I always made our own rigs for Halloween. 6. A personal computer, typically one modified for looks. Labels: slang Example: When I saw a special version of Quake running on Voodoo hardware, I knew I would be forking out quite a bit of money on my gaming rig. 7. An imperfectly castrated horse, sheep etc. 8. Radio equipment, especially a citizen's band transceiver. Labels: slang 9. Equipment used for taking recreational drugs. Labels: slang Example: […] does not know how to pick up the liquid from the cooker, and he asks someone else to use his rig to put his part in his rig. Example: (Gregg later admitted Cher's inadvertent discovery of his “rig” [drug bag] complete with heroin, needles, and rubber bands, hastened their breakup.) 10. A model outfitted with parameterized controls for animation. Example: As for the facial stuff, I just didn't have the time to do a really good facial rig and just worked with the one I had, which was insufficiently flexible to accomplish what needed to be done. Example: As facial models become more and more complex, it is increasingly difficult to define a consistent rig that can work well for every possible movement.
Word: rig Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Early Modern English rygge, probably of North Germanic origin. Compare Norwegian rigge (“to bind up; wrap around; rig; equip”), Swedish dialectal rigga (“to rig a horse”), Faroese rigga (“to rig; to equip and fit; to make s.th. function”). Possibly from Proto-Germanic *rik- (“to bind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rign-, *reyg- (“to bind”); or related to Old English *wrīhan, wrīohan, wrēohan, wrēon (“to bind; wrap up; cover”). See also wry (“to cover; clothe; dress; hide”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪɡ/ 1. To fit out with a harness or other equipment. Labels: transitive 2. To fit out with a harness or other equipment. Labels: transitive Example: To rig such massive equipment requires experienced riggers 3. To dress or clothe in some costume. Labels: informal, transitive 4. To make or construct something in haste or in a makeshift manner. Labels: transitive Example: rig up a makeshift shelter 5. To manipulate something dishonestly for personal gain or discriminatory purposes. Labels: transitive Example: to rig an election Example: Policing the relationship between government and business in a free society is difficult.[…]Governments have to find the best people to fill important jobs: there is a limited supply of people who understand the financial system, for example. But governments must also remember that businesses are self-interested actors who will try to rig the system for their own benefit. 6. To make free with; hence, to steal; to pilfer. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Sir Hew is a rigging thy gate or the plow 7. To outfit a model with controls for animation. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: We can think of rigging a 3D character as a process analogous to setting up the strings that control a puppet.
Word: rig Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See ridge. Pronunciation: /ɹɪɡ/ 1. A ridge. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, dialectal
Word: rig Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare wriggle. Pronunciation: /ɹɪɡ/ 1. A wanton person; one given to unbecoming conduct. Labels: obsolete Example: Let none condemn them [girls] for Rigs, becauſe thus hoiting vvith boys, ſeeing the ſimplicity of their age vvas a Patent to priviledge any innocent paſtime, and fevv mo[r]e years vvill make them bluſh themſelves into better manners. 2. A promiscuous woman. Example: However, terrible as it may seem to the tall maiden sisters of J.P.'s in Queen Anne houses with walled vegetable gardens, this courtesan, strumpet, harlot, whore, punk, fille de joie, street-walker, this trollop, this trull, this baggage, this hussy, this drab, skit, rig, quean, mopsy, demirep, demimondaine, this wanton, this fornicatress, this doxy, this concubine, this frail sister, this poor Queenie--did actually solicit me, did actually say 'coming home to-night, dearie' and my soul was not blasted enough to call a policeman. 3. A sportive or unbecoming trick; a frolic. Labels: obsolete Example: Away went Gilpin neck or nought, / Away went hat and wig, / He little dreamt when he ſet out / Of running ſuch a rig. 4. A blast of wind. Labels: obsolete Example: This ſanguine little king's-fiſher (not preſcient of the ſtorm, as by his inſtinct he ought to be) appearing at that uncertain ſeaſon, before the riggs of Old Michaelmas were yet well compoſed, and when the inclement ſtorms of winter were approaching, began to flicker over the ſeas and was buſy in building it's halcyon neſt as if the angry ocean had been ſoothed by the genial breath of May.
Word: rig Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Compare wriggle. Pronunciation: /ɹɪɡ/ 1. To play the wanton; to act in an unbecoming manner; to play tricks. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: 1616, George Chapman, The Hymn to Hermes, in The Whole Works of Homer (tr.), Rigging and rifling all ways, and no noise / Made with thy soft feet, where it all destroys.