nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: freezing Part of Speech: adj Etymology: By surface analysis, freeze + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹiːz.ɪŋ/ 1. Suffering or causing frost. Labels: literally 2. Very cold. Labels: broadly, excessive 3. The freezing point of water, zero degrees celsius. Example: Despite this, the average temperature at the surface [of Mars] is 50–60K below freezing, making it hard to imagine that any plants or animals could survive. 4. Aloof, unfriendly. Example: He turned at the door of the inner office and dropped a freezing eye on the offender. "Get those letters copied before you go out to lunch, Binns," he remarked in a sufficiently loud voice. Example: Jeff unconsciously reached out to touch the pewter casket, but was intercepted by the mother. She whisked his hand away with freezing politeness and said simply, "He's gone now."
Word: freezing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By surface analysis, freeze + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹiːz.ɪŋ/ 1. The change in state of a substance from liquid to solid by cooling to a critically low temperature. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The temp in the mountains may/can fall below freezing at this time of year. Example: Hence, there is a succession of thawings and freezings. The former expand, and endeavour to restore the surface of the ground to its natural condition, while the latter contract and harden it. 2. The action of numbing with anesthetics. Labels: countable
Word: freezing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: By surface analysis, freeze + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈfɹiːz.ɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of freeze Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: squeak Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /skwiːk/ 1. A short, high-pitched sound, as of two objects rubbing together, or the sounds made by mice and other small animals. Labels: countable 2. A card game similar to group solitaire. Labels: uncountable 3. A narrow squeak. Labels: countable, slang Example: "I had the very devil of a squeak for it," he went on. "I did the hurdles over two or three garden-walls, but so did the flyer who was on my tracks, and he drove me back into the straight and down to High Street like any lamplighter. […]
Word: squeak Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /skwiːk/ 1. To emit a short, high-pitched sound. Labels: intransitive Example: But I must warn you that chipboard floors are always likely to squeak. The material is still being used in new-builds, but developers now use adhesive to bed and joint it, rather than screws or nails. I suspect the adhesive will eventually embrittle and crack, resulting in the same squeaking problems as before. 2. To inform, to squeal. Labels: intransitive, slang Example: If he be obstinate, put a civil question to him upon the rack, and he squeaks, I warrant him. 3. To speak or sound in a high-pitched manner. Labels: transitive 4. To empty the pile of 13 cards a player deals to oneself in the card game of the same name. Labels: intransitive 5. To win or progress by a narrow margin. Labels: informal, intransitive Example: […] allowing Parkinson to squeak into the final by a half-point margin. Example: France were transformed from the feeble, divided unit that had squeaked past Wales in the semi-final, their half-backs finding the corners with beautifully judged kicks from hand, the forwards making yards with every drive and a reorganised Kiwi line-out beginning to malfunction.
Word: escape velocity Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɪsˈkeɪp vəˈlɒsɪti/ 1. The minimum speed needed to escape the gravitational field of a planet or other body. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The gravitational force exerted by a planet determines its surface gravity and escape velocity. 2. A major breakthrough or milestone; momentum. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: “All signs point to Netflix having reached escape velocity, with subscribers scaling far faster than investors expected,” Mr. Greenfield said.
Word: hexa-2,4-dienal Part of Speech: noun 1. an unsaturated aldehyde, CH₃CH=CH-CH=CH-CHO, used in the manufacture of perfumes etc Labels: uncountable
Word: lidless Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English lid Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der. Proto-Germanic *leusaną Proto-Germanic *lausaz Proto-Germanic *-lausaz Proto-West Germanic *-laus Old English -lēas Middle English -les English -less English lidless From lid + -less. 1. Without a lid. Labels: not-comparable Example: 1797, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “Ode on the Departing Year,” Epode II, in Poems, Bristol: J. Cottle & Messrs. Robinsons, 2nd edition, p. 15, […] yet, as she lies By livid fount, or roar of blazing stream, If ever to her lidless dragon eyes, O Albion! thy predestin’d ruins rise, The Fiend-hag on her perilous couch doth leap, Mutt’ring distemper’d triumph in her charmed sleep. Example: Two or three minutes later the murdered man, the blanketed corpse, the lidless coffin, and the open grave were under no inspection but the moon’s.
Word: licking Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈlɪkɪŋ/ 1. The act by which something is licked. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A severe beating. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable 3. A great loss or defeat. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable Example: Our football team took a licking last night.
Word: licking Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈlɪkɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of lick Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: antibacterial Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́) Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der. English anti- Ancient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría) Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)? Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion) Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion)bor. New Latin bactēriabor. English bacteria English -al English bacterial English antibacterial From anti- + bacterial. 1. Killing or inhibiting bacteria. Labels: not-comparable Example: This drug has an antibacterial effect. Example: Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction. 2. Opposing the theory that diseases are caused by bacteria. Labels: archaic, not-comparable
Word: antibacterial Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́) Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der. English anti- Ancient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría) Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)? Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion) Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion)bor. New Latin bactēriabor. English bacteria English -al English bacterial English antibacterial From anti- + bacterial. 1. A drug having the effect of killing or inhibiting bacteria. Example: Many household products contain antibacterials.
Word: brittle Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English britel, brutel, brotel (“brittle”), from Old English *brytel, *bryttol (“brittle, fragile”, literally “prone to or tending to break”); equivalent to brit + -le. Pronunciation: /ˈbɹɪtəl/, [ˈbɹʷɪtʰəl] ~ [ˈbɹʷɪtʰl̩], [ˈbɹʷɪɾəl] ~ [ˈbɹʷɪɾl̩] 1. Inflexible; liable to break, snap, or shatter easily under stress, pressure, or impact. Example: Near-synonym: crackly Example: Cast iron is much more brittle than forged iron. 2. Not physically tough or tenacious; apt to break or crumble when bending. Example: Shortbread is my favorite cold pastry, yet being so brittle it crumbles easily, and a lot goes to waste. 3. Tending to fracture in a conchoidal way; capable of being knapped or flaked. 4. Emotionally fragile, easily offended. Example: What a brittle person! A little misunderstanding and he's an emotional wreck. 5. Poorly error- or fault-tolerant; having little in the way of redundancy or defense in depth; susceptible to catastrophic failure in the event of a relatively-minor malfunction or deviance. 6. Characterized by dramatic swings in blood sugar level. Labels: informal, proscribed
Word: brittle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English britel, brutel, brotel (“brittle”), from Old English *brytel, *bryttol (“brittle, fragile”, literally “prone to or tending to break”); equivalent to brit + -le. Pronunciation: /ˈbɹɪtəl/, [ˈbɹʷɪtʰəl] ~ [ˈbɹʷɪtʰl̩], [ˈbɹʷɪɾəl] ~ [ˈbɹʷɪɾl̩] 1. A confection of caramelized sugar and nuts. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: As a child, my favorite candy was peanut brittle. 2. Anything resembling this confection, such as flapjack, a cereal bar, etc. Labels: broadly, uncountable, usually
Word: brittle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English britel, brutel, brotel (“brittle”), from Old English *brytel, *bryttol (“brittle, fragile”, literally “prone to or tending to break”); equivalent to brit + -le. Pronunciation: /ˈbɹɪtəl/, [ˈbɹʷɪtʰəl] ~ [ˈbɹʷɪtʰl̩], [ˈbɹʷɪɾəl] ~ [ˈbɹʷɪɾl̩] 1. To become brittle. Labels: intransitive Example: The project is based on a similar project, the Class project, which was started by the University of Cornell several years ago under the leadership of Stuart Lynn to preserve brittling old books. Example: Her heart fluttered, then stilled when May snapped the image away and her voice brittled. 2. To gut. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Not being versed in the terms of English venery, he asked Abbot Ulfketyl what brittling of a deer might mean; and being informed that it was that operation on the carcass of a stag which his countrymen called eventrer, and Highland gillies now “gralloching”[.]
Word: junket Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English jonket (“basket made of rushes”), from Medieval Latin iuncta, possibly from Latin iuncus (“rush, reed”) and therefore a possible doublet of jonquil. Meaning shifted to “feast or banquet” by 1520s, probably via the notion of a picnic basket. This in turn led to the sense of “pleasure trip” (1814), and then to specifically to “trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment” by 1886 in American English. Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkɪt/ 1. A basket. Labels: obsolete 2. A type of cream cheese, originally made in a rush basket; later, a food made of sweetened curds. Example: I love your meads, and I love your flowers, / And I love your junkets mainly […]. Example: The Sunday ended in gloom, which even junket for supper in the blue Dresden bowl could hardly lighten at all. 3. A delicacy. Labels: obsolete Example: […] though bride and bridegroom wants For to supply the places at the table, You know there wants no junkets at the feast. Example: Goe streight, and take with thee to witnesse it / Sixe of thy fellowes of the best array, / And beare with you both wine and juncates fit, / And bid him eate […]. 4. A feast or banquet. Example: Conversation is the natural Junket of the Mind ; and most Men have an Appetite to it, once in the day at least […]. Example: We're often in waiting / At junket or feting, / And sometimes attend an interment— 5. A pleasure trip; a journey made for feasting or enjoyment, now especially a trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment. Example: It did strike him as odd, perhaps, that merchants did not dare to go on a junket or plan a congenial dinner without pretending to themselves that it had some business significance. 6. Ellipsis of press junket. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Example: An entertainment reporter who is a member of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association said Freeman made comments about her skirt and her legs during two different junkets. Example: Every time anything of note happens – any time there is a junket or a new actor is cast – the issue will be front and centre. 7. A gaming room for which the capacity and limits change daily, often rented out to private vendors who run tour groups through them and give a portion of the proceeds to the main casino.
Word: junket Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English jonket (“basket made of rushes”), from Medieval Latin iuncta, possibly from Latin iuncus (“rush, reed”) and therefore a possible doublet of jonquil. Meaning shifted to “feast or banquet” by 1520s, probably via the notion of a picnic basket. This in turn led to the sense of “pleasure trip” (1814), and then to specifically to “trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment” by 1886 in American English. Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkɪt/ 1. To attend a junket; to feast. Labels: dated, intransitive Example: Be careful that you wast not, or spoil your Ladies, or Mistresses goods, neither sit you up junketing a nights, after your Master and Mistress be abed. Example: 1688, Robert South, Sermon preached on 8 April, 1688, in Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions. The Second Volume, London: Thomas Bennet, p. 414, Iob’s Children junketted and feasted together often, but the Reckoning cost them dear at last. 2. To go on a junket; to travel. Labels: intransitive Example: Together they made trips to town or junketed over the country in search of furniture and dishes of which Miss Sally had heard. Example: It is only by much junketing about that one comes to the full realization of what men and women in the main are doing in this country. One learns as he passes from town to town, through cities and across plains, that the general reason for industry everywhere is to get the means to build and support a home. 3. To regale or entertain with a feast. Labels: transitive
Word: errand Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English erande, erende, from Old English ǣrende, from Proto-West Germanic *ārundī (“message, errand”). Pronunciation: /ˈɛɹənd/ 1. A journey undertaken to accomplish some task. Labels: archaic, literary Example: What will ye, said King Arthur, and what is your errand? Example: Few have ever come hither through greater peril or on an errand more urgent. In this evil hour I have come on an errand over many dangerous leagues to Elrond: a hundred and ten days I have journeyed all alone. 2. A journey undertaken to accomplish some task. Example: The errands before he could start the project included getting material at the store and getting the tools he had lent his neighbors. Example: I'm going to town on some errands. 3. The purpose of such a journey. Example: Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed. 4. An oral message trusted to a person for delivery. Example: I had not taught thee then the alphabet Of flowers, how they, devicefully being set And bound up, might with speechless secrecy Deliver errands mutely and mutually.
Word: errand Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English erande, erende, from Old English ǣrende, from Proto-West Germanic *ārundī (“message, errand”). Pronunciation: /ˈɛɹənd/ 1. To send someone on an errand. Labels: transitive Example: All the servants were on holiday or erranded out of the house. 2. To go on an errand. Labels: intransitive Example: She spent an enjoyable afternoon erranding in the city.
Word: remonstrate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From (the participle stem of) Late Latin remōnstrō, from Latin re- + mōnstrō. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛ.mən.stɹeɪt/ 1. To object with in critical fashion; to express disapproval (with, against). Labels: intransitive Example: Whitshed, the Chief Justice, consistently with his action on a previous occasion (see volume vii.), angrily remonstrated with the jury, demanded of them their reasons for such a decision, and finally dissolved them. Example: Following weeks of bitter protests by Chinese demonstrators remonstrating against Japanese wartime atrocities, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi has moved to heal the rift between the two nations by apologizing for Japan’s World War II record. 2. Specifically, to lodge an official objection (especially by means of a remonstrance) with a monarch or other ruling body. Labels: historical, intransitive Example: In 1753-4, the Parlements of Aix, Bordeaux, Rennes and Rouen remonstrated in support of the exiled Paris institution. 3. To state or plead as an objection, formal protest, or expression of disapproval. Labels: often, transitive Example: "Belinda," remonstrated Mr. Pocket, from the other end of the table, "how can you be so unreasonable? […]" Example: In a recent column in The New York Times, William Safire referred to Mr. Morris as Ed. This prompted Mr. Morris to write "an open letter" to Mr. Safire remonstrating that, in his case, such usage "grates like sand in salad." 4. To point out; to show clearly; to make plain or manifest; hence, to prove; to demonstrate. Example: I might remonstrate how great, and how sure , and how persevering mercies a pious father of a family may derive upon his succeeding generations Example: I will remonstrate to you the third dor.
Word: libertine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin libertinus (“a freedman, prop. adj., of or belonging to the condition of a freedman”), from libertus (“a freedman”), from liber (“free”); see liberal, liberate. Pronunciation: /ˈlɪb.ə.tiːn/, /ˈlɪb.ɚ.tin/ 1. Someone freed from slavery in Ancient Rome; a freedman. Labels: historical
Word: libertine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French libertin. Pronunciation: /ˈlɪb.ə.tiːn/, /ˈlɪb.ɚ.tin/ 1. One who is freethinking in religious matters. 2. Someone (especially a man) who takes no notice of moral laws, especially those involving sexual propriety; someone loose in morals; a pleasure-seeker. Example: So the truth of the matter is that a libertine in love, if indeed a libertine can be in love, becomes from that moment in less of a hurry to enjoy the pleasures of the flesh.
Word: libertine Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French libertin. Pronunciation: /ˈlɪb.ə.tiːn/, /ˈlɪb.ɚ.tin/ 1. Dissolute, licentious, profligate; loose in morals.
Word: firstborn Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English first borne. By surface analysis, first (adverb) + born. Pronunciation: /ˈfɜː(ɹ)stˌbɔː(ɹ)n/ 1. The first child to be born to a parent or family.
Word: firstborn Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English first borne. By surface analysis, first (adverb) + born. Pronunciation: /ˈfɜː(ɹ)stˌbɔː(ɹ)n/ 1. Born as the first one in a family, flock or the like. Labels: not-comparable 2. Most excellent; most distinguished or exalted. Labels: not-comparable
Word: rustic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin rūsticus. Doublet of roister. Pronunciation: /ˈɹʌstɪk/ 1. Country-styled or pastoral; rural. Example: rustic country where the sheep and cattle roamed freely Example: She had a rustic, woodland air. 2. Unfinished or roughly finished. Example: rustic manners 3. Crude, rough. 4. Simple; artless; unaffected. Example: the manners not too polite nor too rustic Example: Now we plunged into a deep shade with the boughs lacing each other overhead, and crossed dainty, rustic bridges over the cold trout-streams, the boards giving back the clatter of our horses' feet: or anon we shot into a clearing, with a colored glimpse of the lake and its curving shore far below us.
Word: rustic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin rūsticus. Doublet of roister. Pronunciation: /ˈɹʌstɪk/ 1. A rural person. Example: The cause of these stampedes was generally undiscoverable; but sometimes, when the birds stayed some time down on the water, the figure of a rustic would at length appear, walking behind a hedge, along a path bounding the little meadow. Example: The King looked at the motionless figure, at the little crowd of hushed expectant rustics beyond the bridge, and finally at the face of Chandos, which shone with amusement. 2. An unsophisticated or uncultured person. Labels: derogatory Example: Thus this ignorant, unsophisticated but resolute agriculturist captured me. So early in 1917, we left Calcutta for Champaran, looking just like fellow rustics. 3. A noctuoid moth. 4. Any of various nymphalid butterflies having brown and orange wings, especially Cupha erymanthis.
Word: narcissist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Narcissus (“a character in Greek mythology who became obsessed with his own reflection”) + -ist. 1. One who shows extreme love and admiration for themself. Example: If you’re hoping that the narcissist in your life will change, a new study suggests that you may have to wait a very long time. […] So what do you do if someone close to you is a narcissist? […] “Unfortunately, managing a difficult relationship is the best someone intimately involved with most narcissists can hope for,” said Elinor Greenberg, the author of “Borderline, Narcissistic and Schizoid Adaptations: The Pursuit of Love, Admiration and Safety.” 2. An egoist; a person full of egoism and pride. Labels: colloquial
Word: liberalize Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English liberal Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izōder. Middle French -iserbor. Middle English -isen English -ize English liberalize From liberal + -ize. Pronunciation: /ˈlɪbəɹəlaɪz/ 1. to make liberal, free. Labels: transitive 2. to become liberal, free. Labels: intransitive
Word: lurid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *loiros Latin lūror Latin lūridusbor. English lurid Borrowed from Latin lūridus (“pale yellow, wan”). Pronunciation: /ˈl(j)ʊə.ɹɪd/, /ˈlɔːɹɪd/, /ˈlʊɹɪd/, /ˈlɝɪd/, /ˈlʉːɹɪd/ 1. Pruriently detailed and sensationalistic about something shocking or horrifying, especially with regard to violence or sex. Example: The accident was described with lurid detail. Example: Speculating on why publishers rejected it, he wonders whether it was deemed too lurid at the time, especially since Steinbeck was then an unknown author. 2. Melodramatic. 3. Ghastly, pale, wan in appearance. Example: Fierce o'er their beauty blazed the lurid flame; Example: Wrapt in drifts of lurid smoke / On the misty river-tide. 4. Being of a light yellow hue. Example: The lurid lighting of the bar made for a very hazy atmosphere. 5. Having a brown colour tinged with red. Example: a lurid plant with maroon leaves and pink flowers
Word: Caribbean Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Carib or Caribe, a people who lived in the West Indies, + -an. Pronunciation: /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/, /kəˈɹɪbiən/, /ˈkæɹɪbiæn/ 1. Pertaining to the sea and region of the western Atlantic bounded by South America, Central America, and the islands of the West Indies (such as Cuba and Hispaniola). Labels: not-comparable Example: Among those seeking the Caribbean nation’s highest office on May 19 are the current president, a former president, and a mayor.
Word: Caribbean Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Carib or Caribe, a people who lived in the West Indies, + -an. Pronunciation: /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/, /kəˈɹɪbiən/, /ˈkæɹɪbiæn/ 1. A person native to the Caribbean region Labels: countable 2. A member of the Amerindian tribes that inhabited the Caribbean region before the arrival of the Europeans Labels: countable
Word: Caribbean Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Carib or Caribe, a people who lived in the West Indies, + -an. Pronunciation: /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/, /kəˈɹɪbiən/, /ˈkæɹɪbiæn/ 1. The Caribbean Sea. 2. A continental region centered on the Caribbean Sea, consisting of those countries located in the sea and in bordering areas of South America and Central America.
Word: sacerdotal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English sacerdotale, from Old French sacerdotal, from Latin sacerdōtālis (“priestly”). Pronunciation: /ˌsæs.ə(ɹ)ˈdəʊ.təl/ 1. Of or relating to priests or a high religious order; priestly. Example: ...and so neither is the Silence of the Reformed, and of the Church of England in relation to the Rebaptization of Persons Baptiz'd by Midwives and Laymen, any Argument against their receiving Sacerdotal Baptism; so long as that is the only Baptism which Christ Instituted, and which by his Law every one is bound to receive, who has not yet received it. Example: ...some of the figures are costumed in the style of religious art, with flowing sacerdotal garments.
Word: priestly Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English prestly; equivalent to priest + -ly. Pronunciation: /ˈpɹiːstli/ 1. Of or relating to priests. 2. Having the appearance of or resembling a priest.
Word: chalice Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English chalis, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French chalice, collateral form of calice, borrowed from Latin calix, calicem (“cup”), of uncertain etymology. In view of Umbrian skalçeta (“sacrifical vessel”), perhaps from a Proto-Italic *(s)kalik-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel-. Pokorny considered a parallel formation in Sanskrit कलश (kaláśa-, “(water-)jar, tub, pot, dish”), for Proto-Indo-European *kel-eḱ-, but De Vaan finds this unlikely. Alternatively, borrowed from Ancient Greek κύλιξ (kúlix) or an unattested variant thereof, maybe with contamination from κάλυξ (kálux, “shell, calyx”), but it is also possible that all were borrowed from related substrate words. Possible doublet of calyx and kelch. Compare Sumerian 𒃲(GAL). Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪs/ 1. A large drinking cup, often having a stem and base and used especially for formal occasions and religious ceremonies. Example: [W]e but teach / Bloody Inſtructions, which, being taught, returne / To plague th' Inuentor. This euen-handed Iuſtice / Commends th' Ingredience of our poyſon'd Challice / To our owne lips. 2. A kind of water-cooled pipe for smoking cannabis.
Word: lethargic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ληθαργικός (lēthargikós), from λήθαργος (lḗthargos, “forgetful, lethargic”), from λήθη (lḗthē, “a forgetting, forgetfulness”) (from which Lethe (“river in Hades”)) + ἀργός (argós, “not working”). By surface analysis, lethargy + -ic. Pronunciation: /ləˈθɑɹd͡ʒɪk/, /ləˈθɑːd͡ʒək/, /ləˈθɑː.d͡ʒɪk/ 1. Sluggish, slow. Example: [That cat] hasn't caught a mouse since he was a slip of a kitten. Except when eating, he does nothing but sleep. Lethargic is the word that springs to the lips. If you cast an eye on him, you will see that he's asleep now. Example: She was, in fact, constitutionally impervious to statistics and preferred to study the be-headphoned group of fifteen or so lethargic wanderers who were taking even less notice of the remorseless squawkings than she was. 2. Indifferent, apathetic.
Word: unmoving Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- English moving English unmoving From un- + moving. 1. Not moving; still; static. 2. Not emotionally moving or rousing; failing to inspire the emotions. Example: A tale of gangland warfare and filial loyalty in the Glasgow of 1958, Small Faces is an enjoyable but strangely unmoving film.
Word: sallow Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English salowe, from Old English salu, from Proto-West Germanic *salu, from Proto-Germanic *salwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *selH-. See also Dutch zaluw, dialectal German sal; also Irish salach (“dirty”), Welsh halog, Latin salīva, Russian соло́вый (solóvyj, “cream-colored”), and - through Frankish - French sale. Pronunciation: /ˈsæloʊ/, /ˈsæləʊ/, /ˈsæləʉ/, /ˈsalo/ 1. Yellowish. Example: Jesu Maria, what a deal of brine Hath wash’d thy sallow cheeks for Rosaline! Example: […] were it not that his Complexion is sallow, and that he is something short of a Leg, and Blind of one Eye, he would positively be the most lovely of all the human Species. 2. Yellowish. Labels: Ireland Example: The girls are mostly Slavic-pretty, long-limbed with high cheekbones, sallow skin and green eyes. They are the closest thing to supermodels that Mulhuddart has ever seen. Example: A yellow undertone is often found on people with sallow skin – e.g. Asian. 3. Having skin (especially on the face) of a sickly pale colour. Example: Time is jealous of you, and wars against your lilies and your roses. You will become sallow, and hollow-cheeked, and dull-eyed. Example: She put her hand on the arm of her careworn, sallow father, and frothing her light draperies, proceeded over the eternal red carpet. 4. Having a similar pale, yellowish colour. Example: The terrible descriptions were so real and vivid, that the sallow pages seemed to turn red with gore […] Example: On the opposite bank of the Allier the land kept mounting for miles to the horizon: a tanned and sallow autumn landscape […] 5. Foul; murky; sickly. Example: Mr. President, the sallow air of our cities, the blackened sands of our seashores, our lakes and harbors reeking of sewage and depleted of oxygen are but a part of the sad legacy of the idea that nature can be treated as a servant, blindly obedient to every want, whim or pleasure of man. Example: The boat's deck was covered in moss, and its warm, sallow water was filled with lichens that gave off an eerie green glow.
Word: sallow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English salowe, from Old English salu, from Proto-West Germanic *salu, from Proto-Germanic *salwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *selH-. See also Dutch zaluw, dialectal German sal; also Irish salach (“dirty”), Welsh halog, Latin salīva, Russian соло́вый (solóvyj, “cream-colored”), and - through Frankish - French sale. Pronunciation: /ˈsæloʊ/, /ˈsæləʊ/, /ˈsæləʉ/, /ˈsalo/ 1. To become sallow. Labels: intransitive Example: The tan of his sunburnt face and hands contrasted sadly with the sallowing skin of the girl-wife, who, despite his care, was sinking under her task of son-bearing. Example: I might have stemmed them in a narrow vase And watched each petal sallowing . . . 2. To cause (someone or something) to become sallow. Labels: transitive Example: 1835, Fanny Kemble (as Frances Anne Butler), Journal, London: John Murray, Volume 1, entry for 15 September, 1832, p. 105, footnote, The climate of this country is the scape-goat upon which all ill looks and ill health of the ladies is laid; but while they are brought up as effeminately as they are, take as little exercise, live in rooms like ovens during the winter, and marry as early as they do, it will appear evident that many causes combine with an extremely variable climate, to sallow their complexions, and destroy their constitutions. Example: But would a pretender carry his or her cunning to the extreme of fortifying the manuscript in every possible way against the sallowing touch of time[…]?
Word: sallow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English salow, salwe, from Old English sealh, from Proto-West Germanic *salh, from Proto-Germanic *salhaz, masculine variant of *salhō, *salhijǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂lk-, *sh₂lik-. See also Low German Sal, Saal; Swedish sälg; also Welsh helyg, Latin salix (and also a doublet of the thence derived English borrowing salix) probably originally a borrowing from some other language. Pronunciation: /ˈsæloʊ/, /ˈsæləʊ/, /ˈsæləʉ/, /ˈsalo/ 1. A European willow, Salix caprea, that has broad leaves, large catkins and tough wood. Example: c. 1553, Humphrey Llwyd (translator), The Treasury of Healthe, London: William Coplande, Remedies, Chapter 44, I[f] a man eate the flowers of a sallow or wyllowe tree, or of a Poplet tree, they wyl make cold al the heate of carnall lust in hym. Example: And fast beside a little brooke did pas Of muddie water, that like puddle stanke, By which few crooked sallowes grew in ranke: 2. A willow twig or branch. Example: Who-so that buildeth his hous al of salwes, And priketh his blinde hors over the falwes, And suffreth his wyf to go seken halwes, Is worthy to been hanged on the galwes! Example: 1564, William Bullein, A Dialogue Bothe Pleasaunte and Pietifull Wherein Is a Goodly Regimente against the Feuer Pestilence with a Consolacion and Comfort against Death, London: John Kingston, [p. 22b], […] set Sallowes about the bedde, besprinkled with vineger and rose water.
Word: vulnerary Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin vulnerārius, from vulnus (“wound”). Pronunciation: /ˈvʌl.nəɹ.əɹ.i/, /ˈvʌl.nɚ.ɛɹ.i/ 1. Useful or used for healing wounds; curative, healing. Example: Rebecca examined the wound, and having applied to it such vulnerary remedies as her art prescribed, informed her father that […] there was nothing to fear for his guest’s life. Example: Take, for example, the famous vulnerary ointment attributed to Paracelsus. 2. Causing wounds; wounding. Labels: archaic, rare
Word: vulnerary Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin vulnerārius, from vulnus (“wound”). Pronunciation: /ˈvʌl.nəɹ.əɹ.i/, /ˈvʌl.nɚ.ɛɹ.i/ 1. A healing drug or other agent used in healing and treating wounds. Example: On the ſurface of the water there floats a liquid bitumen, although it be every day ſcummed off, as it doth on the lake Aſphaltites in Judæa: The Inhabitants uſe it as pitch: it is alſo found to be an excellent vulnerary, and good in curing old cacoethic and ſcrophulous ulcers.
Word: travels Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈtɹævəlz/ 1. plural of travel Labels: form-of, plural
Word: travels Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈtɹævəlz/ 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of travel Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: ports Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /pɔɹts/, /pɔːts/, /po(ː)ɹts/, /poəts/ 1. plural of port Labels: form-of, plural
Word: pig iron Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From pig (“animal of the family Suidae, especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus; oblong block of cast metal (iron or lead)”) + iron. It appears that in early use sow was used to refer to larger blocks of smelted metal and pig smaller ones. From the 17th century, the words were adapted to newer methods of iron smelting, with pig used to describe blocks formed from molten iron served from the central channel (runner) of a pig bed which were said to resemble a litter of piglets nursing from a sow. Pronunciation: /ˈpɪɡ aɪən/, /ˈpɪɡ ˌaɪ(ə)ɹn/ 1. A brittle, impure form of iron produced by smelting iron ore which is often shaped into blocks; it is unsuitable for working but suitable for casting, and so is commonly used as an industrial raw material; (countable) a sample of such iron. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: We spent a lot of time up on the staging of the great furnaces, trying to pick up the tricks of the trade from the taciturn furnacemen who sat around placidly smoking, or chewing twist, and occasionally throwing in more pig iron to the molten white-hot metal. 2. An iron plate which is hung between a piece of meat and the fire used to cook it to prevent the meat from burning if the fire is too hot. Labels: countable, obsolete, usually
Word: balanced Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈbælənst/ 1. simple past and past participle of balance Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: balanced Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ˈbælənst/ 1. Containing elements in appropriate proportion; proportionately weighted on all dimensions and therefore unlikely to tip over. Example: He believed he rarely got sick because of his balanced diet.
Word: Satanism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Satan Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English Satanism From Satan + -ism. Pronunciation: /ˈseɪtənɪzm/ 1. Worship or reverence to Satan (usually synonymous with "the Devil"). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Religious groups that follow Satanism include Luciferians and Laveyans. 2. A profession, philosophy, or ideological construct featuring a positive, admirable, or useful association to the figure, character or entity known as 'Satan'; or, featuring opposition to all morality and the procurement of what is wanted regardless of the consequences concerning others. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. LaVeyan Satanism. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A devilish disposition. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Kelly Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from Irish Ó Ceallaigh. Doublet of Kellogg and Callahan. Pronunciation: /ˈkɛli/ 1. A surname from Irish, Anglicised from the Irish Ó Ceallaigh. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A better and more straightforward appeal, though less cool, was made to him by Hugh Kelly, - - - The play was so successful, and Garrick said so much of it that Lord Pembroke was eager to be back from Paris to see it, though he said, with true aristocratic pride, that he could expect very little from such a name as "Kelly", especially if there be an "O'" before it. Example: One way to see the radicalization of the likes of Tucker Carlson, Candace Owens, and Megyn Kelly is that they are adopting Fuentes-Lite positions on issues like immigration and vaccines. 2. A unisex given name transferred from the surname. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A unisex given name transferred from the surname. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: On the walls of the salon are blown-up photos of models with dazzling teeth and ingeniously tousled hair - women with names like Kelly and Dawn, who come from tiny towns in Texas and Washington, who are tall and thin, and who don't appear to be burdened by any pasts to speak of. Example: One Nation, a new 501(c)4 linked to the Karl-Rove-backed American Crossroads super PAC, is spending more than $1.9 million on print, radio and digital ads highlighting the efforts of Illinois Sen. Mark Kirk, North Carolina Sen. Richard Burr, New Hampshire Sen. Kelly Ayotte, Ohio Sen. Rob Portman and Pennsylvania Sen. Pat Toomey to pass the “doc fix” legislation that realigned payments to Medicare providers with inflation. 4. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 10. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 11. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 12. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 13. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 14. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 15. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Kelly Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Irish Ó Ceallaigh. Doublet of Kellogg and Callahan. Pronunciation: /ˈkɛli/ 1. Kelly green. Example: ([…] something special in Kelly or red), whose narrow shawl collar has a slight V in back and knots at the throat in front. Example: […] red or Kelly, with curved yoke and collar; and garments in skipper, pink, red, black or gray, with covered buttons on a yoked back.
Word: Satanist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Satan Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English Satanist From Satan + -ist. Pronunciation: /ˈseɪ.tən.ɪst/, /ˈseɪ.tən.əst/ 1. One who identifies with Anton Szandor LaVey's philosophical teachings and the religion, Satanism, founded upon it. Example: Examples of Satanists include Luciferians and LaVeyans. 2. One who worships Satan. 3. One who uses Satan as a symbolic interpretation for their ideology or philosophy. Example: Individuals within this sense may include theistic Satanists, The Satanic Temple followers, or self-identifying Satanists.
Word: Antonio Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from Italian Antonio and Spanish Antonio. Doublet of Anthony. Pronunciation: /ænˈtoʊnioʊ/ 1. A male given name from Italian. 2. A surname from Italian.
Word: hired Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪəd/, /ˈhaɪɹd/, /ˈhaɪɚd/ 1. simple past and past participle of hire Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: Gregory Part of Speech: name Etymology: Via Latin Grēgorius, from post-classical Ancient Greek Γρηγόριος (Grēgórios, “watchful, vigilant”), from Ancient Greek ἐγείρω (egeírō, “awaken, arouse”). Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹɛɡəɹi/, /ˈɡɹɛɡ(ə)ɹi/ 1. A male given name from Ancient Greek. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The surname Graff was chosen because upscale consumers respect anything Teutonic - regard it as efficient, intelligent, and reliable. But only up to a point. A forename like Helmut or Wilhelm wouldn't have done. Too German. Too foreign. 'Gregory' scores high on the likability scale. All-American. Greg. He's one of the boys, with Teutonic ancestry. 2. A surname originating as a patronymic. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: “The analyses are very convincing and we no longer have any doubts that these are the wrecks of the two Danish slave ships,” said marine archaeologist David Gregory, a research professor and head of the new maritime research center, Njord, at the National Museum of Denmark, in the news release. […] Gregory led the excavations alongside marine archaeologist Andreas Kallmeyer Bloch, who is also a curator at the National Museum. Example: Emily Gregory, a Democratic small-business owner, won a special election Tuesday to represent Florida’s 87th House District, a seat that includes President Donald Trump’s Mar‑a‑Lago resort in Palm Beach County. […] The Associated Press reports that Gregory led Maples with 797 votes, or 2.4 percent, with almost all of the votes counted. 3. A small town on the Gregory River in the Shire of Burke, Queensland, Australia. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A small town and port in the Shire of Northampton, Western Australia. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A place in the United States: Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A place in the United States: Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A place in the United States: Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A place in the United States: Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A place in the United States: Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Gregory Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Via Latin Grēgorius, from post-classical Ancient Greek Γρηγόριος (Grēgórios, “watchful, vigilant”), from Ancient Greek ἐγείρω (egeírō, “awaken, arouse”). Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹɛɡəɹi/, /ˈɡɹɛɡ(ə)ɹi/ 1. Shortened form of Gregory Peck, a neck Labels: Cockney, slang
Word: promised Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ˈpɹɒm.ɪst/, /ˈpɹɑ.mɪst/ 1. Predicted; expected; anticipated. Labels: not-comparable Example: On December 16, the Times reported that if the promised weather change came, Robert would likely take off the next day. Example: Not only was there still no sign of the promised economic recovery, but their presentational skills lapsed into farce. 2. Under obligation to some future commitment, such as a marriage or vocation. Labels: not-comparable Example: After a moment, as they danced, he put the question, and she said, “I am promised to Neskaya Tower. Example: The violins struck up and in one move the Prince swept Konstantina so close to his chest that she gasped. “Sir,” she heard herself remonstrate as they began to circle the floor, “please remember that I am promised to the Baron!” 3. Due to become manifest because of a past promise. Labels: not-comparable Example: If this son was not the promised savior, at least he could be the forefather of the Messiah, and Eve knew it. After expecting the promised seed for a hundred and thirty years, her hope and expectations had given place to despondency and hopelessness. Example: He then departed to wait, with impatience, for the next day, and the promised appointment.
Word: promised Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈpɹɒm.ɪst/, /ˈpɹɑ.mɪst/ 1. simple past and past participle of promise Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: injured Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈɪnd͡ʒɚd/, /ˈɪndʒəd/ 1. simple past and past participle of injure Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: injured Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ˈɪnd͡ʒɚd/, /ˈɪndʒəd/ 1. Suffering from an injury. Example: injured dog Example: injured player
Word: evilness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English yvelnesse, from Old English yfelnyss; equivalent to evil + -ness. 1. The quality or state of being evil. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: […] they lament the evilness and malice of evil men, and pray God for the evil, that he will convert them from their evilness and malice, and so make them good of evil men.
Word: corruptness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English corrupt Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English corruptness From corrupt + -ness. 1. The state of being corrupt. Labels: uncountable
Word: depravity Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /dəˈpɹævɪti/ 1. The state or condition of being depraved; moral debasement. Labels: uncountable Example: Depravity in the oppressed is no apology for the oppressor. Example: Walsingham was not blind to Edward’s failings, and attributed the political problems of the 1370s directly to the old king’s moral depravity. 2. A particular depraved act or trait. Labels: countable Example: There were men there who had committed merciless robberies, cruel murders, heartless swindles, abominable depravities. 3. Inborn corruption, entailing the belief that every facet of human nature has been polluted, defiled, and contaminated by sin. Labels: Christian, uncountable Example: Here is a child of three years old, and she cannot tell who made her! Without question, she is equally in the dark as to her soul, its present depravity, and future destiny!
Word: Jeff Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Jeffrey, a variant of Geoffrey, from Middle English Geffrey, from an Old French aristocratic name, Geoffroi [dʒɔfreʲ] (> West Middle French Geoffrey, East Middle French Geoffroy), itself from Proto-French forms (latinized in -us) Jotfredus, Jozsfredus, Josfredus (10th century) and Jof[f]redus, Jofridus, Jaufredus, Geffredus (11th century), and ultimately of Proto-Germanic origin. The second element is *friþuz (“peace, sanctuary”). The first element may be *gautaz (“a Geat, a Goth”) [making the Proto-Germanic term *Gautafriþu], as opposed to *gōdaz (“good”) or *gudą (“god”) in Godfrey; this would also make it related to Jocelyn. The name was introduced to England by the Normans in the 11th century. Pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛf/ 1. A diminutive of the male given names Jeffrey, Jeffery, Jefferey, Jeffry, or Jefferson. Example: We have Jeff. Jeff will be fired. We will exterminate Jeff. Example: After Anthony’s bond was reduced from $1 million to $250,000 in April, a press conference hosted by Alexander and NGAN devolved into chaos when Jeff Metcalf showed up. 2. A surname.
Word: jagged Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒæɡɪd/, /ˈd͡ʒæɡəd/ 1. Unevenly cut; having the texture of something so cut. Example: At last the first glimpse from a bridge of an open-top red bus, and a noticeable darkening of the atmosphere from the smoke of London: then the increasingly dingy stations with double-barrel names, set amid what has always been to me the outstanding feature of the "Premier Line" approach to London—the positively marvellous display of crazy chimney-pots on the grey inner suburban houses. As many as twenty, all of varying style, standing together like ranks of jagged teeth, and providing a Dickensian back-cloth which no other route can boast. 2. Having a rough quality. 3. Of an array, having a different cardinality in each dimension, such that a representation on paper would appear uneven.
Word: jagged Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /d͡ʒæɡd/ 1. simple past and past participle of jag Labels: form-of, participle, past