nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: ray Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Via Middle English, borrowed from Old French rai, from Latin radius (“staff, stake, spoke”). Doublet of radius. Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. A beam of light or radiation. Example: I saw a ray of light through the clouds. Example: Strangely light and delicate was his frame and seeming, yet with a sense of slumbering power beneath, as the delicate peak of a snow mountain seen afar in the low red rays of morning. 2. A rib-like reinforcement of bone or cartilage in a fish's fin. 3. One of the spheromeres of a radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an ophiuran. 4. A radiating part of a flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, such as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius. 5. Sight; perception; vision; from an old theory of vision, that sight was something which proceeded from the eye to the object seen. Labels: obsolete Example: All eyes direct their rays / On him, and crowds turn coxcombs as they gaze. 6. A line extending indefinitely in one direction from a point.
Word: ray Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Via Middle English, borrowed from Old French rai, from Latin radius (“staff, stake, spoke”). Doublet of radius. Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. To emit something as if in rays. Labels: transitive Example: He was one of the unthanked benefactors of his race, who was patiently teaching and serving mankind, whilst they were shrinking from his coldness, or mocking his peculiarities. He could not sing for them a sweet song, or create a “thing of beauty” which should be “a joy for ever,” or touch their hearts, or fire their spirits, or deepen their reverence or their fervour. He was not a Poet, a Priest, or a Prophet, but only a cold, clear Intelligence, raying down pure white light, which brightened everything on which it fell, but warmed nothing—a Star of at least the second, if not of the first magnitude, in the Intellectual Firmament. Example: I had no particular woman in my mind; certainly never intended to personify wisdom, philosophy, or any other abstraction; and the orb, raying colour out of whiteness, was altogether a fancy of my own. 2. To radiate as if in rays. Labels: intransitive 3. To expose to radiation. Labels: transitive Example: Rats' eyes with ulcus serpens were successfully treated; one second of raying stopped the progress of the ulcer, which healed uninterruptedly.
Word: ray Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English raye, rayȝe, from Old French raie, from Latin raia, of uncertain origin. Compare Middle English reyhhe, reihe, reȝge (“ray, skate”), from Old English reohhe (“ray”). Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. Any of the superorder Batoidea of marine fish with flat bodies, large wing-like fins, and whip-like tails.
Word: ray Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Shortened from array. Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. To arrange. Labels: obsolete 2. To dress, array (someone). Labels: archaic 3. To stain or soil; to defile. Labels: obsolete Example: From his soft eyes the teares he wypt away, / And from his face the filth that did it ray […].
Word: ray Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Shortened from array. Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. Array; order; arrangement; dress. Labels: obsolete, uncountable Example: spoyling all her geares and goodly ray
Word: ray Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From its sound, by analogy with the letters chay, jay, gay, kay, which it resembles graphically. Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. The letter ⟨/⟩, one of two which represent the r sound in Pitman shorthand.
Word: ray Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Alternative forms. Pronunciation: /ɹeɪ/ 1. Alternative form of re. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: auburn Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Early Modern English auburn (“brown, reddish brown”) from Middle English aubourne, abron, abroune, abrune (“light brown, yellowish brown, blond”), alteration (due to conflation with Middle English brun (“brown”)) of earlier auborne (“yellowish-white, flaxen”) from Old French auborne, alborne (“blond, flaxen, off-white”) from Medieval Latin alburnus (“whitish”), from Latin albus (“white”). More at albino, brown. Pronunciation: /ˈɔ.bɚn/, /ˈɑ.bɚn/ 1. A dark reddish-brown colour, often used to describe hair colour. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: auburn Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Early Modern English auburn (“brown, reddish brown”) from Middle English aubourne, abron, abroune, abrune (“light brown, yellowish brown, blond”), alteration (due to conflation with Middle English brun (“brown”)) of earlier auborne (“yellowish-white, flaxen”) from Old French auborne, alborne (“blond, flaxen, off-white”) from Medieval Latin alburnus (“whitish”), from Latin albus (“white”). More at albino, brown. Pronunciation: /ˈɔ.bɚn/, /ˈɑ.bɚn/ 1. Of a reddish-brown colour. Example: All were watching somebody in the garden with deep interest, their three faces close together: a jovial and round one, a pale one with dark hair, and a fair one whose tresses were auburn. “Don’t push! You can see as well as I,” said Retty, the auburn-haired and youngest girl, without removing her eyes from the window. Example: […]; nor was Miss Wilkinson the ideal: he had often pictured to himself the great violet eyes and the alabaster skin of some lovely girl, and he had thought of himself burying his face in the rippling masses of her auburn hair.
Word: egg Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English eggen (“to urge on; to entice, incite, lure, tempt; to encourage, exhort, stimulate; (reflexive) to bestir (oneself); to challenge, taunt; to enrage, irritate”), from Old English eggian (“to egg, excite”), from Old Norse eggja (“to incite, egg on”), from egg (“an edge”), from Proto-Germanic *agjō (“a corner; an edge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Cognates * Danish ægge, egge (“to incite, egg on; to excite, rouse”) * Swedish egga (“to excite, egg on”) * Faroese eggja (“to incite, egg on; to sharpen”) * Icelandic eggja (“to incite, egg on”) * Old English ġeeġġian (“to incite, egg on”) * Old Frisian eggia (“to fence”) * Middle Low German eggen (“to sharpen”) * Old High German ungiekkōt (“unworked, unformed”) * Middle High German ecken (“to sharpen”), German ecken (archaic) Compare typologically another cognate: Russian поощря́ть (pooščrjátʹ), akin to Russian о́стрый (óstryj), ultimately from the same PIE root. Also compare typologically noncognate: Bulgarian потиквам (potikvam), Czech nabádat (“urge, exhort”), Russian подстрека́ть (podstrekátʹ). Pronunciation: /ˈɛɡ/, [ˈɛɡ], /ˈ(j)ɛɡ/, /ˈeɪ̯ɡ/, [ˈeɪ̯ɡ] 1. To encourage, incite, or urge (someone). Labels: transitive Example: [Y]it haue vvee one thing in our ſelues and of our ſelues, (euen originall ſinne, concupiſcence or luſt) vvhich neuer ceaſeth too egge vs and allure vs from God, and too ſtaine vs vvith all kinde of vnclennes: […] Example: Hope like a ſpurre pricketh forvvard, feare like a bridle reſtraineth, hope eggeth onvvard vnto vertue, feare pulleth backe from vice, hope incites vs to obſerue the lavv, feare makes vs feare to trãſgreſſe the lavve.
Word: hazel Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English hasel, from Old English hæsl (“hazel, shrub”), from Proto-West Germanic *hasl, from Proto-Germanic *haslaz (“hazel”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóslos (“hazel”). Cognates Cognate with Yola hawlse (“hazel”), Dutch hazel, hazelaar (“hazel”), German Hasel (“hazel”), Vilamovian hozuł (“hazel”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Swedish hassel (“hazel”), Icelandic hesli (“hazel”), Norwegian Nynorsk hasl, hassel (“hazel”); also Latin corulus, corylus (“hazel”), Irish call, coll (“hazel”), Manx coull (“hazel”), Scottish Gaelic coll (“hazel”), Welsh cyll (“hazel trees”). Pronunciation: /ˈheɪzəl/ 1. A tree or shrub of the genus Corylus, bearing edible nuts called hazelnuts or filberts. Labels: countable, usually Example: The green turf was velvet underfoot. The blackbirds fluted in the hazels there. Example: Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper. 2. The nut of the hazel tree. Labels: countable, usually 3. The wood of a hazelnut tree. Labels: uncountable, usually 4. A greenish-brown colour, the colour of a ripe hazelnut. Labels: countable, uncountable, usually 5. Freestone. Labels: countable, usually
Word: hazel Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English hasel, from Old English hæsl (“hazel, shrub”), from Proto-West Germanic *hasl, from Proto-Germanic *haslaz (“hazel”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóslos (“hazel”). Cognates Cognate with Yola hawlse (“hazel”), Dutch hazel, hazelaar (“hazel”), German Hasel (“hazel”), Vilamovian hozuł (“hazel”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Swedish hassel (“hazel”), Icelandic hesli (“hazel”), Norwegian Nynorsk hasl, hassel (“hazel”); also Latin corulus, corylus (“hazel”), Irish call, coll (“hazel”), Manx coull (“hazel”), Scottish Gaelic coll (“hazel”), Welsh cyll (“hazel trees”). Pronunciation: /ˈheɪzəl/ 1. Of a greenish-brown colour. (often used to refer to eye colour) Example: As she grew up and her hazel eyes became hazeler and her dark hair darker and her white skin whiter, and her form a sigh on every boy’s lips, she concentrated on one dream. Example: The shrewd eyes, more hazel than her son’s but with the same straight brows, were fixed on Clary’s face.
Word: colour Part of Speech: noun 1. Commonwealth and Ireland standard spelling of color. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Substances float around each other until you crush them all with a blender. Add a bit of white miso, lemon juice, truffle oil, chives: survey your wreckage, which will be the wrong colour (cream with a hint of grey) and the wrong consistency (gluey).
Word: colour Part of Speech: adj 1. Commonwealth and Ireland standard spelling of color. Labels: not-comparable
Word: colour Part of Speech: verb 1. Commonwealth and Ireland standard spelling of color.
Word: ruby Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus. Doublet of rubi and rubine. Etymology 1 sense 7 (“pronunciation guide”) is from the British 5½-point type size (etymology 1 sense 6), used for annotations in printed documents. Pronunciation: /ˈɹuː.bi/ 1. A clear, deep, red variety of corundum, valued as a precious stone. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: They respond instantly to the faintest rustling in the covert of a sheaf of Ulysses S. Grants, or the homely, rustic tinkle of a wheelbarrow full of rubies being jounced along over a nightclub floor. Example: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade. 2. A deep red colour. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: When now I thinke you can behold such sights, / And keepe the naturall Rubie of your Cheekes, / When mine is blanch'd with feare. 3. The tincture red or gules. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Elgin. Topaz a Saltier and Chief Ruby, on a Canton Pearl a Lyon Rampant Saphyr, which last is their paternal Coat; and the Field Topaz, and Saltier, and Chief Ruby, was the Arms of King Robert the Bruce, they altering the Field from Pearl (as he bore it) to Topaz. Example: The Field is Ruby, on a Bend Topaz, three Martlets Diamond. [...] Checkie Topaz and Saphire, a Fesse within a Bordure Ruby, by the Name of Clifford. 4. A ruby hummer, a South American hummingbird, Clytolaema rubricauda. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A red bird-of-paradise, Paradisaea rubra. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. The size of type between pearl and nonpareil, standardized as 5½-point. Labels: UK, dated, uncountable 7. A pronunciation guide written above or beside Chinese characters. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A red spinel. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: ruby Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus. Doublet of rubi and rubine. Etymology 1 sense 7 (“pronunciation guide”) is from the British 5½-point type size (etymology 1 sense 6), used for annotations in printed documents. Pronunciation: /ˈɹuː.bi/ 1. Of a deep, red color; ruby-red.
Word: ruby Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus. Doublet of rubi and rubine. Etymology 1 sense 7 (“pronunciation guide”) is from the British 5½-point type size (etymology 1 sense 6), used for annotations in printed documents. Pronunciation: /ˈɹuː.bi/ 1. To make red; to redden. Labels: poetic, transitive Example: With sanguine drops the walls are rubied
Word: ruby Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈɹuː.bi/ 1. Alternative letter-case form of Ruby (“curry”). Labels: alt-of, slang
Word: sapphire Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English saphir, from Old French saphir, from Latin sapphir, sappir, sapphīrus, from Ancient Greek σάπφειρος (sáppheiros, “precious stone, gem”), from a Semitic language such as Hebrew סַפִּיר (sappī́r, “lapis lazuli”), originally from Assyrian Akkadian šipirtu (“lapis lazuli”). Pronunciation: /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ə/, /ˈsæf.aɪ̯əɹ/ 1. A clear deep blue variety of corundum, valued as a precious stone. Labels: countable Example: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade. 2. A white, yellow, or purple variety of corundum, either clear or translucent. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A deep blue colour. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Azure, when blazoning by precious stones. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Elgin. Topaz a Saltier and Chief Ruby, on a Canton Pearl a Lyon Rampant Saphyr, which last is their paternal Coat; […] Example: 3. Saphire, ten Bezants, 4, 3, 2, 1, by the Bisset. 5. Any hummingbird in the genera Hylocharis and Chlorestes, as well as the rufous-throated sapphire, which is now in the genus Amazilia. Labels: countable 6. Any of the butterflies in the southern Asian lycaenid genus Heliophorus or the African lycaenid genus Iolaus. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: sapphire Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English saphir, from Old French saphir, from Latin sapphir, sappir, sapphīrus, from Ancient Greek σάπφειρος (sáppheiros, “precious stone, gem”), from a Semitic language such as Hebrew סַפִּיר (sappī́r, “lapis lazuli”), originally from Assyrian Akkadian šipirtu (“lapis lazuli”). Pronunciation: /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ə/, /ˈsæf.aɪ̯əɹ/ 1. of a deep blue colour. Example: At about eleven, we uncaged our pigeons, who flew away into the sapphire sky that hung like a sail from the white peaks. Example: They awoke to panoramic views of a national park's tropical forests, the Gulf of Paria's shallows and the Caribbean's sparkling sapphire waters. 2. pertaining to a 45th year
Word: chestnut Part of Speech: adj Etymology: The noun is a contraction of chest(en) (“(obsolete) chestnut tree; fruit of this tree, chestnut”) + nut. Chesten is a late variant of chesteine (obsolete), from Middle English chesten, chesteine, chasteine, chesteyne (“chestnut tree (Castanea sativa); fruit of this tree; wood of this tree”), from Old French chastaigne, chastaine (French châtaigne), from Latin castanea (“chestnut tree; fruit of this tree”) (whence Old English ċisten), from Ancient Greek κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kăstắneiă), a variant of κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kắstănă, “sweet chestnut”); for further etymology, see that entry. Doublet of castanet. Noun sense 4 (“joke, phrase, etc., which has been repeated so often as to have grown ineffective or tiresome”) may refer to an 1816 play, The Broken Sword, by William Dimond (1781 – c. 1837), in which one character begins to relate a story in which a boy slips down from a cork tree, and another interrupts him to say that he had previously repeated the story many times, and always mentioned a chestnut tree. The adjective is probably from an attributive use of the noun; compare French (of hair) châtain (“chestnut”) (from châtaigne (“a chestnut”)) and marron (“brown”) (from marron (“a horse chestnut or chestnut”)). Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃɛs(t)nʌt/, /ˈt͡ʃɛs(t)ˌnʌt/ 1. Of a deep reddish-brown colour, like that of a chestnut fruit (noun sense 1). Labels: not-comparable Example: chestnut hair Example: […] Aill, from mountains freed, / Down from the lakes did raving come; / Each wave was crested with tawny foam, / Like the mane of a chesnut steed.
Word: charcoal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English charcole, from charren (“to change, turn”) + cole (“coal”), from Old English cierran (“to change, turn”) + col (“coal”). By surface analysis, char (Etymology 3 [verb]) + coal. Pronunciation: /ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/, /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ 1. impure carbon obtained by destructive distillation of wood or other organic matter, that is, heating it in the absence of oxygen. Labels: countable, uncountable, usually Example: The grate was laid with charcoal, to that she put a light, and then, as if she had forgotten something, hurried to the library, and carefully locked the door. First returning to see that the fire had kindled, she then went to the window, which, with the first gleam of moonlight, she cautiously unclosed, and stepped into the shrubbery. Example: But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal. 2. A stick of black carbon material used for drawing. Labels: countable, usually Example: He takes the prepared charcoal used by artists, brings it to a white heat, and suddenly plunges it in a bath of mercury, of which the globules instantly penetrate the pores of charcoal, and may be said to metallize it. 3. A drawing made with charcoal. Labels: countable, usually 4. A very dark gray colour. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: charcoal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English charcole, from charren (“to change, turn”) + cole (“coal”), from Old English cierran (“to change, turn”) + col (“coal”). By surface analysis, char (Etymology 3 [verb]) + coal. Pronunciation: /ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/, /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ 1. Of a dark gray colour. Example: Two vultures […] stood silent side by side like smoking coworkers on break, one charcoal eye staring back at me indifferently. 2. Made of charcoal. Example: But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.
Word: charcoal Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English charcole, from charren (“to change, turn”) + cole (“coal”), from Old English cierran (“to change, turn”) + col (“coal”). By surface analysis, char (Etymology 3 [verb]) + coal. Pronunciation: /ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/, /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ 1. To draw with charcoal. 2. To cook over charcoal.
Word: carmine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *kʷŕ̥mis Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš Persian کرمست* (*kermest)bor. Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz)bor. Medieval Latin *carminium? French carminder. English carmine From French carmin, from irregular Medieval Latin carminium, itself from Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz, “crimson, kermes”) from Persian *کرمست (*kermest), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš (“worm”), plus or with influence from Latin minium. Compare crimson and kermes. Pronunciation: /ˈkɑːmaɪn/, /ˈkɑɹmaɪn/ 1. A purplish-red pigment, made from dye obtained from the cochineal beetle; carminic acid or any of its derivatives. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 1967, Time, "The Case of the Dubious Dye," 6 January, 1967, https://web.archive.org/web/20130721101257/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843172,00.html Cases of cubana salmonellosis in three other states were traced to carmine red, and supplies were called in. […] But authorities have been checking other places for carmine red, knowing that it is a favorite coloring in candy, chewing gum, ice cream, cough syrups and drugs. Manufacturers like to use it because of a legal quirk: being a natural rather than a synthetic product, it does not have to be mentioned on labels. 2. A purplish-red colour, resembling that pigment. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He wore a great coat in midsummer, being affected with the trembling delirium, and his face was the color of carmine. Example: I am alive, I guess, / The branches on my hand / Are full of morning-glory, / And at my fingers' end / The carmine tingles warm,
Word: carmine Part of Speech: adj Etymology: PIE word *kʷŕ̥mis Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš Persian کرمست* (*kermest)bor. Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz)bor. Medieval Latin *carminium? French carminder. English carmine From French carmin, from irregular Medieval Latin carminium, itself from Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz, “crimson, kermes”) from Persian *کرمست (*kermest), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš (“worm”), plus or with influence from Latin minium. Compare crimson and kermes. Pronunciation: /ˈkɑːmaɪn/, /ˈkɑɹmaɪn/ 1. Of the purplish red colour shade carmine.
Word: carnation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French carnation (“flesh color, complexion”), either via Italian carnagione (“flesh color”) or directly from Late Latin carnātiō (“fleshiness”), from Latin carō (“flesh, meat”) + ātiō (“-ation”). As a flower and its color, possibly instead from corruption in French of coronation (“crowning, crowned thing”) under the influence of carnation, from the flower's supposed resemblance to a crown. By surface analysis, Latin carn- + -ate + -ion. Pronunciation: /kɑːˈneɪ.ʃən/, /kɑɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1. A type of Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its flowers. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A type of Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its flowers. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The type of flower they bear, originally flesh-coloured, but since hybridizing found in a variety of colours. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A rosy pink colour Labels: countable, uncountable Example: And the women of New Bedford, they bloom like their own red roses. But roses only bloom in summer; whereas the fine carnation of their cheeks is perennial as sunlight in the seventh heavens. 5. The pinkish colors used in art to render human face and flesh Labels: archaic, countable, especially, uncountable 6. A scarlet colour. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: carnation Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French carnation (“flesh color, complexion”), either via Italian carnagione (“flesh color”) or directly from Late Latin carnātiō (“fleshiness”), from Latin carō (“flesh, meat”) + ātiō (“-ation”). As a flower and its color, possibly instead from corruption in French of coronation (“crowning, crowned thing”) under the influence of carnation, from the flower's supposed resemblance to a crown. By surface analysis, Latin carn- + -ate + -ion. Pronunciation: /kɑːˈneɪ.ʃən/, /kɑɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1. Of a rosy pink or red colour. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of a human flesh color. Labels: archaic, not-comparable
Word: amethyst Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ametist, from Old French ametiste (French améthyste), from Ancient Greek ἀμέθυστος (améthustos, “not drunk”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + μεθύω (methúō, “to be drunk”), from μέθυ (méthu, “wine”). The name was based on the ancient belief that amethyst gemstones could prevent intoxication. People in ancient Greece and Rome would wear amethyst or drink from cups made of amethyst to ward off the effects of alcohol. Pronunciation: /ˈæm.ə.θɪst/, /ɛm-/ 1. A transparent purple to violet variety of quartz with traces of manganese, used as a gemstone. Example: The burning evening sun lighted with mellow gold the coats of the fierce little tiger-kittens — orange silk with stripes of black velvet — the broken amethysts and ruined emeralds of the poor bird's train cruelly scattered over the trampled grass Example: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are […] . (Common gem materials not addressed in this article include amber, amethyst, chalcedony, garnet, lazurite, malachite, opals, peridot, rhodonite, spinel, tourmaline, turquoise and zircon.) 2. A purple colour. Labels: uncountable 3. The tincture purpure, when blazoning by precious stones. Example: The Field is Topaz, a Lion rampant Amethyst [...] Example: Purple, on the arms of princes Mercury, of peers amethyst, and of commoners purpure, [is represented] by diagonal lines from the sinister chief to the dexter base.
Word: amethyst Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English ametist, from Old French ametiste (French améthyste), from Ancient Greek ἀμέθυστος (améthustos, “not drunk”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + μεθύω (methúō, “to be drunk”), from μέθυ (méthu, “wine”). The name was based on the ancient belief that amethyst gemstones could prevent intoxication. People in ancient Greece and Rome would wear amethyst or drink from cups made of amethyst to ward off the effects of alcohol. Pronunciation: /ˈæm.ə.θɪst/, /ɛm-/ 1. Having a colour similar to that of the gemstone
Word: buff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From buffe (“leather”), from Middle French buffle (“buffalo”). Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. Undyed leather from the skin of buffalo or similar animals. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: […]; but is in a ſuite of buffe […] 2. A tool, often one covered with buff leather, used for polishing. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A brownish yellow colour. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 1693, John Dryden (translator), The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis Translated into English Verse, London: Jacob Tonson, Satire 10, lines 307-308, p. 203, […] a Visage rough, Deform’d, Unfeatur’d, and a Skin of Buff. Example: His face changed from tan to buff. 4. A military coat made of buff leather. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A diuell in an euerlaſting garment hath him ; / On whoſe hard heart is button’d vp with ſteele : / A Feind, a Fairie, pittileſſe and ruffe : / A Wolfe, nay worſe, a fellow all in buffe […] 5. A person who is very interested in a particular subject. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable Example: He’s a real history buff. He knows everything there is to know about the civil war. 6. A change introduced in a patch that makes a character, item, or attack stronger. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. An effect that makes a character or item stronger. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I just picked up an epic damage buff! Let's go gank the other team! 8. Compressive coupler force that occurs during a slack bunched condition. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. The bare skin. Labels: colloquial, countable, uncountable Example: to strip to the buff Example: To be in buff, is equivalent to being naked. 10. The greyish viscid substance constituting the buffy coat. Labels: countable, uncountable 11. Any substance used to dilute (street) drugs in order to increase profits. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 2014, “Aldergrove’s 856 gang busted, $400,000 in drugs seized,” CBC News, 30 July, 2014, Police say this 20 ton hydraulic jack was used to press mixtures of cocaine and “buff” into brick.
Word: buff Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From buffe (“leather”), from Middle French buffle (“buffalo”). Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. Of the color of buff leather, a brownish yellow. 2. Unusually muscular. Labels: colloquial Example: The bouncer was a big, buff dude with tattoos, a shaved head, and a serious scowl. 3. Physically attractive. Labels: Multicultural-London-English, slang Example: That's right: I'm taking driver's ed next semester. Hiring an interpreter for CHS and the deaf school outta my own hefty pockets. You're welcome. Oh, and I'm going to get really skinny and buff. All slim like a swimsuit model.
Word: buff Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From buffe (“leather”), from Middle French buffle (“buffalo”). Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. To polish and make shiny by rubbing. Example: He was already buffing the car's hubs. 2. To make a character or an item stronger. Example: The enchanter buffed the paladin to prepare him to fight the dragon. Example: I noticed that the pistols were buffed in the update. 3. To modify a medical chart, especially in a dishonest manner. Example: "Sure thing, I buffed her, and they turfed her to urology, but she bounced back to me!" [...] They attempted to transfer her to urology by modifying her chart (buffing it) to request urine tests, but the doctors in urology sent (bounced) her back. Example: The implication of such an action is an invitation to buff the chart. The medical records department could have prevented the falsification by sending a copy of the chart to the attorney at the same time that they notified the hospital physician of the attorney's request for the chart. 4. To remove (graffiti), particularly when done by someone who is not a graffiti writer. Labels: slang 5. To strip to the bare skin. Labels: archaic, slang, transitive
Word: buff Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French bufer (“to cuff, buffet”). See buffet (“a blow”). Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. To strike. Example: Bravely run Red-hood, / There was a shock, / To have buff’d out the blood / From ought but a block.
Word: buff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French bufer (“to cuff, buffet”). See buffet (“a blow”). Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. A strike; a blow. Labels: obsolete Example: Nathless so sore a buff to him it lent / That made him reel. Example: A man must consider what a blind-man’s-buff is this game of conformity. If I know your sect I anticipate your argument.
Word: buff Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English buffen (“to stutter, stammer”), from Old English byffan (“to mumble, mutter”), from Proto-West Germanic *bubjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to fear, to be afraid”). More at bive (“tremble, shake”) and bever. Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. To stammer, stutter Labels: dialectal, obsolete
Word: buff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of buffalo. Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. A buffalo, or the meat of a buffalo. Labels: countable, informal, uncountable Example: […] diced buff (buffalo) meat, usually heavily spiced […] Example: You will eat water buffalo meat and drink boiled water buffalo milk: buff burgers at Aunt Jane's restaurant, buff mo-mos which are the Tibetan won-tons, and buff steaks at The Globe.
Word: buff Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /bʌf/, /bɐf/, /bʊf/ 1. Alternative form of buffe (“face armor”). Labels: alt-of, alternative, uncommon Example: For they had helmets on their heads, fashioned like wild beast's necks, and strange beavers or buffs to the same, and wore on their helmets great high plumes of feathers, as they had been wings : […]
Word: beplaster Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- Old English be- Middle English bi- English be- English plaster English beplaster From be- + plaster. 1. To plaster over; to cover or smear thickly; to bedaub (with something). Labels: transitive Example: Yet with talents like these, and an excellent heart, The man had his failings, a dupe to his art; Like an ill-judging beauty, his colours he spread, And beplaister’d with rouge, his own natural red. Example: A starving man, however, little heeds conventional proprieties, especially on a South-Sea Island, and accordingly Toby and I partook of the dish after our own clumsy fashion, beplastering our faces all over with the glutinous compound, and daubing our hands nearly to the wrist.
Word: handily Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From handy + -ly. Compare Middle English hendily, hendiliche. 1. In a handy manner; skillfully; conveniently. Labels: US Example: As the mysteries of valetism are not very recondite or difficult to be acquired by an intelligent person, Lockwood, after a little practice, performed his functions handily enough; […] 2. Effortlessly; readily. Labels: US Example: He won the election handily.
Word: unveil Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *unveilen (suggested by past participle unveiled, vnueylyd (“unveiled”)). Equivalent to un- + veil. Ultimately from Latin velum (whence also English voile, English reveal, Russian вуа́ль (vuálʹ), Russian завуали́ровать (zavualírovatʹ) (compare typologically)). Also compare typologically uncloak, unmask, Russian разобла́чать (razobláčatʹ) (akin to облаче́ние (oblačénije)). Pronunciation: /ʌnˈveɪl/ 1. To remove a veil from; to uncover; to reveal something hidden. Labels: transitive Example: The Schools of Jurisprudence of Abu Hanifa, Al-Shafaii and Malik agree that the woman is permitted to unveil her face and hands in the streets in front of the strangers. However, if this display of the face does rouse temptation and charm, the woman has to veil her face as she does the rest of her body. Example: A sort of curtain, made of- mat, usually hung before them, which the natives were sometimes unwilling to remove ; and when they did consent to unveil them, they seemed to express themselves in a very mysterious manner. 2. To show, especially for the first time. Labels: transitive Example: The car company are going to unveil the new sports car model next month. Example: Mr. K. W. C. Grand, Member of the B.T.C., and formerly General Manager of the Western Region, then unveiled one of the nameplates of No. 92220, to the applause of the large number of railwaymen and guests present. 3. To remove a veil; to reveal oneself. Labels: intransitive
Word: upbind Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English up- Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *bindaną Proto-West Germanic *bindan Old English bindan Middle English binden English bind English upbind From up- + bind. Pronunciation: /ʌpˈbaɪnd/ 1. To bind up. Labels: obsolete, poetic, transitive Example: All these the daughters of old Nereus were, / Which have the sea in charge to them assign'd, / To rule his tides, and surges to uprear, / To bring forth storms, or fast them to upbind, / And sailors save from wrecks of wrathful wind. Example: But when the night cast up her shade aloft, / And all earth's colors strange in sable dy'd, / He light, and as he could his wounds upbound, / And shook ripe dates down from a palm he found.
Word: pyrope Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin pyrōpus, from Ancient Greek πυρωπός (purōpós, “fiery-eyed, fire-colored”), from Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr, “fire”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”); compare French pyrope. Pronunciation: /ˈpaɪɹəʊp/ 1. A variety of garnet, of a poppy or blood-red color, frequently with a tinge of orange. It is used as a gemstone. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: masquerade Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is borrowed from Middle French mascarade, masquarade, masquerade (modern French mascarade (“masquerade, masque; farce”)), and its etymon Italian mascherata (“masquerade”), from maschera (“mask”) + -ata. Maschera is derived from Medieval Latin masca (“mask”): see further there. The English word is cognate with Late Latin masquarata, Portuguese mascarada, Spanish mascarada. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˌmæskəˈɹeɪd/, /ˈmæskəˌɹeɪd/, /ˌmɑːs-/, /ˈmɑːs-/, /ˌmæskəˈɹæɪd/ 1. An assembly or party of people wearing (usually elaborate or fanciful) masks and costumes, and amusing themselves with dancing, conversation, or other diversions. Labels: also, attributive Example: Near-synonym: costume party Example: I was invited to the masquerade at their home. 2. The act of wearing a mask or dressing up in a costume for, or as if for, a masquerade ball. Labels: also, attributive 3. An act of living under false pretenses; a concealment of something by a false or unreal show; a disguise, a pretence; also, a pretentious display. Labels: also, attributive, figuratively Example: Verres in the youth of Cicero, Catiline and Clodius in his middle age, Mark Antony in his old age, have all been left to operate on the modern reader's feelings precisely through that masquerade of misrepresentation which invariably accompanied the political eloquence of Rome. 4. An assembly of varied, often fanciful, things. Labels: also, attributive, figuratively 5. A cosplay event at which costumed attendees perform skits. Labels: also, attributive, slang 6. A dramatic performance by actors in masks; a mask or masque. Labels: also, attributive, obsolete 7. A Spanish entertainment or military exercise in which squadrons of horses charge at each other, the riders fighting with bucklers and canes. Labels: also, attributive, obsolete, rare
Word: masquerade Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is borrowed from Middle French mascarade, masquarade, masquerade (modern French mascarade (“masquerade, masque; farce”)), and its etymon Italian mascherata (“masquerade”), from maschera (“mask”) + -ata. Maschera is derived from Medieval Latin masca (“mask”): see further there. The English word is cognate with Late Latin masquarata, Portuguese mascarada, Spanish mascarada. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˌmæskəˈɹeɪd/, /ˈmæskəˌɹeɪd/, /ˌmɑːs-/, /ˈmɑːs-/, /ˌmæskəˈɹæɪd/ 1. To take part in a masquerade; to assemble in masks and costumes; (loosely) to wear a disguise. Labels: also, attributive, intransitive Example: I’m going to masquerade as an old-fashioned pilot. What are you going to dress up as? Example: There was a Freak took an Aſs in the Head, to Scoure abroad on the Ramble; and away he goes into the Woods, Maſquerading up and down in a Lyon's Skin. 2. To pass oneself off as a different person or a person with qualities that one does not possess; also, to make a pretentious show of being what one is not. Labels: also, attributive, figuratively, intransitive Example: He masqueraded as my friend until the truth finally came out. Example: Ethan Hunt, the human missile of American intelligence that Tom Cruise has been popping back in to play for more than 20 years now, is masquerading as a mysterious terrorist, the perfectly named John Lark, to buy back some plutonium he’s lost to a cabal of doomsday extremists. 3. To conceal (someone) with, or as if with, a mask; to disguise. Labels: also, attributive, rare, transitive
Word: marina Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin marinus (“of the sea, marine”), by way of Italian marina and Spanish marina. Pronunciation: /məˈɹinə/ 1. A harbour for small boats. Example: It's a peaceful marina with not too many boats and yachts. Example: The marina was a mainstay of the neighborhood, and Mr. O’Rourke was known for staging salsa and merengue concerts.
Word: marinara Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Italian alla marinara (“sailor style”). 1. Prepared with tomatoes, or in a tomato sauce. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of pasta: In a seafood sauce. Of pizza: With seafood topping. Labels: Australia, not-comparable
Word: marinara Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Italian alla marinara (“sailor style”). 1. A marinara sauce. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: hamster Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from German Hamster (see for etymology). Displaced earlier term German rat. Pronunciation: /ˈhæm(p)stə/, /ˈham(p)stə/, /ˈhæm(p)stɚ/, /ˈham(p)stəɾ/, /ˈhɛm(p)stə/ 1. Any of various Old World rodent species belonging to the subfamily Cricetinae. Example: The hamster stuffed his puffy cheeks with food. Example: Since the pregnancy interceptive agents or the menses regulators may also influence the development of either trophoblasts or the maternal cells (epithelial and stromal) at the embryo attachment site, another in vitro assay method using using trophoblast cells of hamster and mouse isolated from a preplacental organelle, the ectoplacental cone, has been developed. 2. Any of various Old World rodent species belonging to the subfamily Cricetinae. 3. Any of various other rodents of similar appearance, such as the maned hamster or crested hamster, Lophiomys imhausi, mouse-like hamsters of genus Calomyscus, and the white-tailed rat (Mystromys albicaudatus).
Word: hamster Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from German Hamster (see for etymology). Displaced earlier term German rat. Pronunciation: /ˈhæm(p)stə/, /ˈham(p)stə/, /ˈhæm(p)stɚ/, /ˈham(p)stəɾ/, /ˈhɛm(p)stə/ 1. To secrete or store privately, as a hamster does with food in its cheek pouches. Labels: ambitransitive Example: Probably the city government knew that without that hamstering half the city would starve and they somehow got the police to lay off. It was in the little stinky one-horse towns that you had all the trouble. Example: […] in his bedroom in neat stacks — he always hamstered them away upstairs as soon as the morning was done. This year the gifts sat ignored […]
Word: sob story Part of Speech: noun 1. A sad story, especially one intended to elicit sympathy. Labels: derogatory, idiomatic Example: "Dis picture is called De Tale o' Two Cities, and it's de French revolution. It's about a feller vot takes anodder feller's place and gits his head cut off; and say, dere's a sob story in it vot's a vunder." Example: Mr. Martin objected at first to the bastardization of my talent, but I gave him a sob story about needing money for lessons.
Word: soap opera Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the soap and detergent commercials originally broadcast during the shows, which were aimed at the audience of women who were doing their cleaning; opera from the melodramatic character of the shows, as the earlier horse opera. Pronunciation: /ˈsoʊp ˌɑ.pɚ.ə/, /ˈsoʊp ˌɑ.pɹə/ 1. A radio or television serial, typically broadcast in the afternoon or evening, about the lives of melodramatic characters, which are often filled with strong emotions, highly dramatic situations and suspense. Labels: countable Example: This chapter considers the growing interest in the popular Welsh-language soap opera, Pobol Y Cwm (People of the Valley), and the extent to which discourses of Welshness and definitions of cultural and national identity contribute to the appeal and longevity of the soap. Example: It also followed the very successful long-running soap opera, Neighbours. 2. Such serials in general. Labels: uncountable 3. Any story that is like a soap opera, as by being convoluted or melodramatic. Labels: broadly, countable, uncountable Example: Salal invented some soap opera about a mystery informant, and Meg sold it to the cops. Example: An' just lookit how things turned out! What a complete and utter soap opera
Word: snowplow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From snow + plow. 1. A motorized vehicle that is used to push snow off flat surfaces such as roads and parking lots. Labels: US 2. A blade-like pushing device attached to a vehicle to enable it to be used for removing snow. Labels: US 3. A maneuver in which the tips of the skis or skates point inwards and the back ends point outwards. Labels: US
Word: snowplow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From snow + plow. 1. To clear (roads, etc) using a snowplow. Labels: US, transitive 2. To perform a snowplow in skiing. Labels: US, intransitive
Word: scalene triangle Part of Speech: noun 1. A triangle having each of its three sides of different lengths.
Word: fortune Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English fortune, from Old French fortune, from Latin fortuna (“fate, luck”). The plural form fortunae meant “possessions”, which also gave fortune the meaning of “riches”. Pronunciation: /ˈfɔːtjuːn/, /-t͡ʃuːn/, /-tjən/, /-t͡ʃən/, /ˈfoːt͡ʃʉwn/ 1. Destiny, especially favorable. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: She read my fortune. Apparently I will have a good love life this week, but I will have a bad week for money. Example: you, who men's fortunes in their faces read 2. A prediction or set of predictions about a person's future provided by a fortune teller. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A small slip of paper with wise or vaguely prophetic words printed on it, baked into a fortune cookie. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The arrival of something in a sudden or unexpected manner; chance; accident. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 'Tis more by fortune, lady, than by merit. 5. Good luck. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: fame and fortune Example: Fortune favors the brave. 6. One's wealth; the amount of money one has, especially if it is vast. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He's amassed a small fortune working in the Middle East. Example: My vast fortune was a result of inheritance and stock market nous. 7. A large amount of money. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: That car must be worth a fortune! How could you afford it? Example: Why spend a small fortune on Puma when you could buy Numa, Tuna or Pigg? And why buy Adidas when you can buy Adidos or Avivas? Nike, when there's Nire or Hike? Calvin Klein, when clearly, Calvim Klain or Cavern Kernel are just as good? But remember, after a good workout, be sure to clean up with some Okay shampoo.
Word: fortune Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English fortune, from Old French fortune, from Latin fortuna (“fate, luck”). The plural form fortunae meant “possessions”, which also gave fortune the meaning of “riches”. Pronunciation: /ˈfɔːtjuːn/, /-t͡ʃuːn/, /-tjən/, /-t͡ʃən/, /ˈfoːt͡ʃʉwn/ 1. To provide (someone) with a fortune. Labels: transitive 2. To tell the fortune of (someone); to presage. Labels: transitive 3. To happen, to take place. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: Thẽ the heerdmẽ⸝ fleed and went there ways into the cite⸝ and tolde every thinge⸝ and what had fortuned vnto them that were poſſeſſed of the devyls. Example: It fortuned one night that the Sultan purposed setting out on a journey next morning, […]
Word: distinct Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English distincte, past participle of distincten (“to distinguish, discern”), from Old French destincter, from Latin distinctus, past participle of distinguere (“to distinguish”); see distinguish. Pronunciation: /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ 1. Capable of being perceived very clearly. Example: Her voice was distinct despite the heavy traffic. Example: The single-imaging optic of the mammalian eye offers some distinct visual advantages. Such lenses can take in photons from a wide range of angles, increasing light sensitivity. They also have high spatial resolution, resolving incoming images in minute detail. 2. Different from one another (with the preferable adposition being "from"). Example: Horses are distinct from zebras. Example: “Yes, there are two distinct sets of footprints, both wearing rubber shoes—one I think ordinary plimsolls, the other goloshes,” replied the sergeant. 3. Noticeably different from others; distinctive. Example: Olga's voice is quite distinct because of her accent. 4. Separate in place; not conjunct or united; with from. Example: The intention was that the two armies which marched out together should afterward be distinct. 5. Distinguished; having the difference marked; separated by a visible sign; marked out; specified. Labels: obsolete Example: Wherever thus created — for no place / Is yet distinct by name. 6. Marked; variegated. Labels: obsolete Example: The which [place] was dight / With divers flowres distinct with rare delight.
Word: distinct Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English distincte, past participle of distincten (“to distinguish, discern”), from Old French destincter, from Latin distinctus, past participle of distinguere (“to distinguish”); see distinguish. Pronunciation: /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ 1. To distinguish; to make a distinction. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Here every means is made use of to do away all distincting between federal and antifederal and I suspect with no very friendly design to the federal cause.
Word: mosque Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French mosquée, from Italian moschea, ultimately from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid, literally “place of prostration”). Doublet of masjid. Pronunciation: /mɑsk/, /mɒsk/ 1. A place of worship for Muslims, often having at least one minaret; a masjid. Example: There's a mosque near where I live. Example: The demolition of two mosques in India within days of each other has highlighted the deep religious divide in the country, months before voters head to the polls for a nationwide election that is expected to hand Prime Minister Narendra Modi a rare third term in power.