nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: abstention Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1521. Borrowed from French abstention, from Late Latin abstēntiō from Latin abstinēō (“withhold, to abstain”) Pronunciation: /əbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/, /æbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/, /æbˈstɛn.t͡ʃn̩/, /əbˈstɛn.t͡ʃn̩/ 1. The act of restraining oneself. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 2. The act of abstaining or refraining (from). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: abstention from alcohol Example: abstention from sex 3. The act of declining to vote on a particular issue. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: There were five abstentions in the vote. 4. Non-participation in the political world; as a country avoiding international affairs. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: abstergent Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French, from Latin abstergens, present participle of abstergeo (“wiping off”). Pronunciation: /əbˈstɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒn̩t/, /æbˈstɝ.d͡ʒn̩t/, /əbˈstɝ.d͡ʒn̩t/ 1. Cleansing, detergent.
Word: abstergent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French, from Latin abstergens, present participle of abstergeo (“wiping off”). Pronunciation: /əbˈstɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒn̩t/, /æbˈstɝ.d͡ʒn̩t/, /əbˈstɝ.d͡ʒn̩t/ 1. A substance used to cleanse; a detergent.
Word: abstinence Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English abstinence, from Old French abstinence, from Latin abstinentia, from abstinēns, present participle of abstineō (“to withhold”). Equivalent to abstain + -ence. Pronunciation: /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/ 1. The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Near-synonyms: abstentiousness, abstemiousness Example: Penance, Faſts, and Abſtinence, / To puniſh Bodies for the Souls offence. 2. The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: For quotations using this term, see Citations:abstinence. 3. The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Abstinence is the only 100% guaranteed contraception. 4. The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: "The church teaching before Vatican II was that it was 'gravely sinful' to take 2 ounces of meat on a day of abstinence such as Friday," said the Rev. Joseph S. Rossi, a Jesuit professor of church history at Loyola College. 5. The practice of self-denial; self-restraint; forebearance from anything. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Self-denial; abstaining; or forebearance of anything. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 7. Delay of spending to accrue capital. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: abstract Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542. Pronunciation: /ˈæbˌstɹækt/ 1. An abridgement or summary of a longer publication. Example: An analysis and abstract of every treatise he had read. 2. Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items. Example: Man, the abstract Of all perfection, which the workmanship Of Heaven hath modeled. 3. Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items. 4. Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items. 5. An abstraction; an abstract term; that which is abstract. Example: Thus the concrete like has its abstract likeness; the concretes, father and son, have the abstracts, paternity and filiation. 6. The theoretical way of looking at things; something that exists only in idealized form. 7. An abstract work of art. 8. A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title.
Word: abstract Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542. Pronunciation: /ˈæbˌstɹækt/, /ˌæbˈstɹækt/, /əbˈstɹækt/ 1. To separate; to disengage. Labels: transitive Example: He was incapable of forming any opinion or resolution abstracted from his own prejudices. 2. To separate; to disengage. Labels: transitive Example: The lightning of the public burdens, which at present abstract a large proportion of profits and wages. 3. To separate; to disengage. Labels: euphemistic, transitive Example: Von Rosen had quietly abstracted the bearing-reins from the harness. Example: The inlaid characters in diamond, and other precious stones, have been all abstracted away by the pelf-loving Jaut and Mahratta—leaving the walls defaced with the hollow marks of the chisel. 4. To separate; to disengage. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Poison from roses who could e'er abstract? 5. To separate; to disengage. Labels: transitive Example: The young stranger had been abstracted and silent. Example: He was wholly abstracted by other objects. 6. To separate; to disengage. Labels: figuratively, intransitive, literally, reflexive, transitive 7. To separate; to disengage. Labels: transitive Example: To abstract the notions of time, of space, and of matter. 8. To separate; to disengage. Labels: transitive 9. To separate; to disengage. Labels: intransitive, rare, transitive Example: I own myself able to abstract in one sense. 10. To separate; to disengage. Labels: intransitive, transitive 11. To separate; to disengage. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: He abstracted out the square root function. 12. To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize. Labels: transitive
Word: absorb Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French absorber, from Old French assorbir, from Latin absorbeō (“swallow up”), from ab- (“from”) + sorbeō (“suck in, swallow”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to sip”). Compare French absorber. Pronunciation: /əbˈzɔːb/, /əbˈsɔːb/, /æbˈsɔɹb/, /æbˈzɔɹb/, /əbˈsɔɹb/ 1. To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. Labels: transitive Example: Dark oblivion soon absorbs them all. Example: In some countries, the large cities absorb the wealth and fashion of the nation; they are the only fixed abodes of elegant and intelligent society, and the country is inhabited almost entirely by boorish peasantry. 2. To engulf, as in water; to swallow up. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: to be absorpt, or swallowed up, in a lake of fire and brimstone. 3. To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe, like a sponge or as the lacteals of the body; to chemically take in. Labels: transitive 4. To be absorbed, or sucked in; to sink in. Labels: intransitive Example: The drops of water slowly absorbed into the dry sponge. 5. To take in energy and convert it. Labels: transitive Example: Heat, light, and electricity are absorbed in the substances into which they pass. 6. To take in energy and convert it. Labels: transitive 7. To take in energy and convert it. Labels: transitive 8. To take in energy and convert it. Labels: transitive 9. To engross or engage wholly; to occupy fully. Labels: transitive Example: Geeka was cooking dinner. As the little girl played she prattled continuously to her companion, propped in a sitting position with a couple of twigs. She was totally absorbed in the domestic duties of Geeka – so much so that she did not note the gentle swaying of the branches of the tree above her as they bent to the body of the creature that had entered them stealthily from the jungle. Example: Livonian affairs held him tight, and were to absorb him for many a year. 10. To occupy or consume time. Labels: transitive 11. To assimilate mentally. Labels: transitive Example: If we fail to absorb the lessons of history, we are doomed to repeat them. 12. To assume or pay for as part of a commercial transaction. Labels: transitive Example: Among the most debatable is the contention that the profit margins of small employers are insufficient to absorb the costs of health insurance 13. To defray the costs. Labels: transitive Example: I’ll absorb the charge for the window replacement. 14. To accept or purchase in quantity. Labels: transitive
Word: abstractionism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English abstraction Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English abstractionism From abstraction + -ism. Pronunciation: /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩ˌɪz.m̩/ 1. The creation, principles, or ideals of abstractions, in particular art. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The presentation of ideas in an abstract manner. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: absurd Part of Speech: adj Etymology: First attested in 1557. From Middle French absurde, from Latin absurdus (“incongruous, dissonant, out of tune”), from ab (“away from, out”) + surdus (“silent, deaf, dull-sounding”). Compare surd. Pronunciation: /əbˈsɜːd/, /əbˈzɜːd/, /əbˈsɚd/, /əbˈzɚd/, /æbˈsɚd/ 1. Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. Example: This proffer is absurd and reasonless. Example: 'Tis phrase absurd to call a villain great 2. Inharmonious; dissonant. Labels: obsolete 3. Having no rational or orderly relationship to people's lives; meaningless; lacking order or value. Example: Adults have condemned them to live in what must seem like an absurd universe. 4. Dealing with absurdism.
Word: absurd Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1557. From Middle French absurde, from Latin absurdus (“incongruous, dissonant, out of tune”), from ab (“away from, out”) + surdus (“silent, deaf, dull-sounding”). Compare surd. Pronunciation: /əbˈsɜːd/, /əbˈzɜːd/, /əbˈsɚd/, /əbˈzɚd/, /æbˈsɚd/ 1. An absurdity. Labels: obsolete 2. The opposition between the human search for meaning in life and the inability to find any; the state or condition in which man exists in an irrational universe and his life has no meaning outside of his existence.
Word: abuse Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use. Pronunciation: /əˈbjuːs/, /əˈbjʉws/, /əˈbjus/, /əˈbjʉːs/, /əˈbjʉs/ 1. Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: human rights abuses Example: All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad. 2. Misuse; improper use; perversion. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power. Example: Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept? 3. A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: Or is it some abuse, and no such thing? 4. Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: children hurling abuse at each other Example: The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows. 5. Catachresis. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable 6. Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: abuse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”). Pronunciation: /əˈbjuːz/, /əˈbjuz/ 1. To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert Labels: transitive Example: He abused his authority. Example: This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity 2. To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly. Labels: transitive Example: Blows with the fist should be given on the back of the woman, which she is sitting on the lap of the man, and she should give blows in return, abusing the man as if she were angry, and making the cooing and the weeping sounds. Example: And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart. 3. To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage. Labels: transitive Example: The […] tellers of news abused the general. Example: But ever and always curse him and abuse him. 4. To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually. Labels: transitive 5. To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: Like Angels life was then mens happy cace; But later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed, Abuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace To all licentious luſt, and gan exceed Example: This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect. 6. Misrepresent; adulterate. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you. 7. To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: 1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, "Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes When Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object 8. Disuse. Labels: Scotland, obsolete, transitive
Word: abundance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English abundaunce, habaundance, from Old French habundance, abondance, from Latin abundantia (“fullness, plenty”), from abundō (“to overflow”). Equivalent to abound + -ance. Displaced Old English geniht (“abundance, plenty”). Pronunciation: /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/, /əˈbʌn.dn̩ts/, /əˈbn̩.dn̩s/ 1. A large quantity; many. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Due to the abundance of art material, the class made a giant collage. Example: There is not a great abundance of time, so please don't dawdle. 2. An overflowing fullness or ample sufficiency; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; plentifulness. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: It is lamentable to remember what abundance of noble blood hath been shed with small benefit to the Christian state. 3. Wealth; affluence; plentiful amount of resources. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Frequency, amount, ratio of something within a given environment or sample. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A political ideology that is progressive but prioritises economic growth and infrastructure construction. Labels: capitalized, often, uncountable Example: In The Nation, Jeet Heer recently wrote that abundance “amounts to a new iteration of neoliberalism promoting deregulation and business-friendly policies.” 6. A bid to take nine or more tricks in solo whist. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. enough, sufficiency. Labels: Scotland, countable, uncountable
Word: abundant Part of Speech: adj Etymology: First attested about 1380. From Middle English abundaunt, habundaunt, aboundant, from Anglo-Norman abundant, from Old French abondant, from Latin abundāns, present participle of abundō (“to overflow, to abound”). Compare abound. Pronunciation: /əˈbʌn.dənt/ 1. Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing. Example: Blackberries are abundant in this part of the country in October, so we always make lots of jam. Example: an abundant selection of carpets to choose from 2. Richly supplied; wealthy; possessing in great quantity. Example: Abundant in goodness and truth. 3. Being an abundant number, i.e. less than the sum of all of its divisors except itself.
Word: abut on Part of Speech: verb 1. To border on. Labels: transitive Example: His land abuts on the road. Example: The fronts of the houses abut on the pathway, which is about four feet wide, and are unequally places, following the contour of the ground.
Word: abutment Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1644; engineering sense first attested in 1793. From Old French aboutement. Equivalent to abut + -ment. Pronunciation: /əˈbʌt.mn̩t/ 1. The point of junction between two things, in particular a support, that abuts. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The solid portion of a structure that supports the lateral pressure of an arch or vault. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A construction that supports the ends of a bridge; a structure that anchors the cables on a suspension bridge. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Each of the bridges consists of six separate girder spans on brick abutments. 4. The part of a valley or canyon wall against which a dam is constructed. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Heavy rains have caused the dam's abutments to seep, raising concern over possible dam failure. 5. Something that abuts, or on which something abuts. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. The state of abutting. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. That element that shares a common boundary or surface with its neighbor. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. The tooth that supports a denture or bridge. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A fixed point or surface where resistance is obtained. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The fulcrum acted as an abutment.
Word: abyss Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”). Displaced native Old English neowolnes. Pronunciation: /əˈbɪs/, /æˈbɪs/ 1. Hell; the bottomless pit; primeval chaos; a confined subterranean ocean. Example: 'You cannot enter here,' said Gandalf, and the huge shadow halted. 'Go back to the abyss prepared for you! Go back! Fall into the nothingness that awaits you and your Master. Go!' 2. A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable; any void space. Example: Below is the deep abyss of the Lauterbrunnen valley, and at its head a stately semi-circle of mountains, with the pyramidal Lauterbrunnen Breithorn as the centre-piece. 3. Anything infinite, immeasurable, or profound. 4. Moral depravity; vast intellectual or moral depth. Example: They fell into the abyss of drug addiction. 5. An impending catastrophic happening. 6. The center of an escutcheon; fess point. 7. The abyssal zone. 8. A difference, especially a large difference, between groups. Labels: figuratively
Word: abysm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English abime, from Old French abisme from Late Latin *abyssimus, a superlative of abyssus (“bottomless pit”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos). Cognate to French abîme. See also abyss. Pronunciation: /əˈbɪzəm/ 1. Hell; the infernal pit; the great deep; the primal chaos. Labels: archaic, poetic Example: Orkney is an archipelago of 70 or so islands lying off the northeast tip of Scotland. “Everywhere in Orkney there is the sense of age, the dark backward and abysm,” the late Orcadian poet George Mackay Brown wrote. “The islands have been inhabited for a very long time, from before the day of the plough.” 2. An abyss; a gulf, a chasm, a very deep hole. Labels: literary Example: The abysm of hell. Example: Dr. Prunesquallor had circled around Steerpike with his head drawn back so that his cervical vertebrae rested against the near wall of his high collar, and a plumbless abysm yawned between his Adam’s apple and his pearl stud.
Word: academic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek Ἀκάδημος (Akádēmos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ία (-ía) Ancient Greek Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós) Ancient Greek Ἀκάδημος (Akádēmos) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂der. Ancient Greek -ῐᾰ (-ĭă) Ancient Greek -εια (-eia) Ancient Greek Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia) ▲ Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós) Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós)der. Medieval Latin acadēmicusder. ▲ Latin acadēmicusbor. French académiqueder. English academic From both the Medieval Latin acadēmicus and the French académique, from Latin academia, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós), from Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía) or Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia), the name of the place where Plato taught; compare academy. By surface analysis, academy + -ic. Pronunciation: /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk/ 1. Belonging to the school or philosophy of Plato. Example: the academic sect or philosophy 2. Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning, or a scholarly society or organization. Example: But unhappily, by too short a view of things, you have been apt to mistake the completion of your academic courses for the completion of your theologic studies: and then, by a false modesty, have despaired of knowing more than you would suffer those august places of your education to teach you. Example: It was left to the motor industry, half a century later, to destroy Oxford's academic calm. 3. In particular: relating to literary, classical, or artistic studies like the humanities, rather than to technical or vocational studies like engineering or welding. Example: Programs of work should provide students the opportunities to demonstrate both academic and vocational competence attainment. Example: Evidence for cannibalism abounds - even if circumstantial - both from the modern world and throughout history, but academic anthropology has found itself in a funk of denial. 4. Having little practical use or value, as by being overly detailed and unengaging, or by being theoretical and speculative with no practical importance. Example: I have always had an academic interest in hacking. Example: the distinction is academic 5. Having a love of or aptitude for learning. Example: I’m more academic than athletic — I get lower marks in phys. ed. than in anything else. 6. Conforming to set rules and traditions; conventional; formalistic. 7. Conforming to set rules and traditions; conventional; formalistic. 8. So scholarly as to be unaware of the outside world; lacking in worldliness; inexperienced in practical matters.
Word: academic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek Ἀκάδημος (Akádēmos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ία (-ía) Ancient Greek Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós) Ancient Greek Ἀκάδημος (Akádēmos) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂der. Ancient Greek -ῐᾰ (-ĭă) Ancient Greek -εια (-eia) Ancient Greek Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia) ▲ Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós) Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós)der. Medieval Latin acadēmicusder. ▲ Latin acadēmicusbor. French académiqueder. English academic From both the Medieval Latin acadēmicus and the French académique, from Latin academia, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós), from Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía) or Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia), the name of the place where Plato taught; compare academy. By surface analysis, academy + -ic. Pronunciation: /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk/ 1. A follower of Plato, a Platonist. Labels: capitalized, usually 2. A senior member of an academy, college, or university; a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits; one who is academic in practice. Example: Academics[…]see integrated systems for collecting, processing and acting on data as offering a “second electrification” to the world’s metropolises. 3. A member of the Academy; an academician. Example: Carneades the academick, when he was to write against Zeno the stoick, purged himself with hellebor first […]. 4. A student in a college. Labels: archaic 5. Academic dress; academicals. Labels: plural, plural-only 6. Academic studies. Labels: plural, plural-only Example: Many spoke of an intense fear of failing one’s academics at university, which can both be highly motivating to secure academic success (sometimes at the cost of socialising), but can also immobilise one’s desire to try harder as it can be rather disappointing if one does not succeed. […] Many autistic students commonly reported viewing academics to be the most important aspect of university life and had a strong sense of persistence and self-determination to succeed. […] However, while some autistic students viewed socialising to be a source of threat that could jeopardise their academic success if indulged in, others highlighted the importance of social connections at university beyond that of academics.
Word: academy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek Ἀκάδημος (Akádēmos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ία (-ía) Ancient Greek Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia)der. Classical Latin acadēmī̆ader. Middle English Achademia English academy From Middle English Achademia, achademy, Achademye, achadomye, from Classical Latin Acadēmī̆a /acadēmī̆a, from Ancient Greek Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía), a grove of trees and gymnasium outside of Athens where Plato taught; from the name of the supposed former owner of that estate, the Attic hero Akademos. Doublet of academe, academia, and Akademeia. Pronunciation: /əˈkæd.ə.mi/, /əˈkad.ə.me/ 1. An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. Example: The artists of London had long maintained a private academy for improvement in the art of drawing from living figures Example: In this year 1633, I became acquainted with Nicholas Fiske, licentiate in physic, who was born in Suffolk, near Framingham* Castle, of very good parentage, who educated him at country schools, until he was fit for the university; but he went not to the academy, studying at home both astrology and physic, which he afterwards practised in Colchester; and there was well acquainted with Dr Gilbert, who wrote "De Magnete". 2. A school or place of training in which some special art is taught. Example: the military academy at West Point; a riding academy; the Academy of Music; a music academy; a language academy Example: Rudolf was the bold, bad Baron of traditional melodrama. Irene was young, as pretty as a picture, fresh from a music academy in England. He was the scion of an ancient noble family; she an orphan without money or friends. 3. A society of learned people united for the advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular art or science. Example: the French Academy; the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; academies of literature and philology 4. Academia. Example: In the academy and outside of it, the privileging of technical expertise above other forms of knowledge is a political gesture, and one that has proved highly effective in neutralizing critique of established power relations. 5. A body of established opinion in a particular field, regarded as authoritative. 6. A school directly funded by central government, independent of local control; a charter school. Labels: UK 7. The garden where Plato taught. Labels: capitalized, usually 8. Plato's philosophical system based on skepticism; Plato's followers. Labels: capitalized, usually 9. The knowledge disseminated in an Academy. Labels: obsolete
Word: acanthus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin acanthus, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “thorn”), from ἀκή (akḗ, “point”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”). Pronunciation: /əˈkæn.θəs/ 1. A member of the genus Acanthus of herbaceous prickly plants with toothed leaves, (family Acanthaceae, order Lamiales (formerly Scrophulariales)) found in the south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India. Example: The picture before which they paused represented one of those ruined fountains so common to Italy. Francesca gazed upon it as if it had been an old friend: many a time, beside such a one, with its curved and broken marble, had she wreathed the acanthus that hung around it, the green and trailing foliage so profuse in the South, into shapes even more fanciful than those which once suggested the Corinthian capital. 2. An ornament resembling the foliage or leaves of Acanthus spinosus, used in the capitals of the Corinthian and composite orders. Example: It is difficult to imagine that Bernard of Clairvaux was gullible enough to accept dozens of historiated windows, grisaille fields of griffins, mosaic pavements, carved acanthus capitals, inhabited vine columns, and golden altarware on the strength of the justifications offered by a single window, one tympanum, and Suger's libelli.
Word: accelerate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *kel-der. Latin celer Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin celerō Latin accelerō Latin accelerātuslbor. ▲ Latin accelerō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin accelerātiōder. English accelerationbf. English accelerate First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“to accelerate, hasten”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), formed from ad + celerō (“to hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration. Pronunciation: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, /ækˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/ 1. To cause to move faster; to quicken the motion of; to add to the speed of. Labels: transitive 2. To quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of. Labels: transitive Example: to accelerate the growth of a plant, the increase of wealth, etc. Example: The company plans to accelerate its growth with new marketing strategies. 3. To cause a change of velocity. Labels: transitive 4. To hasten, as the occurrence of an event. Labels: transitive Example: to accelerate our departure 5. To enable a student to finish a course of study in less than normal time. Labels: transitive 6. To become faster; to begin to move more quickly. Labels: intransitive Example: The car began to accelerate as soon as the light turned green. 7. Grow; increase. Labels: intransitive
Word: accelerate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *kel-der. Latin celer Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin celerō Latin accelerō Latin accelerātuslbor. ▲ Latin accelerō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin accelerātiōder. English accelerationbf. English accelerate First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“to accelerate, hasten”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), formed from ad + celerō (“to hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration. Pronunciation: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, /ækˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/ 1. Accelerated; quickened; hastened; hurried. Labels: archaic, not-comparable Example: ... a general knowledg of the definition of motion, and of the distinction of natural and violent, even and accelerate, and the like, sufficing.
Word: acceleration Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *kel-der. Latin celer Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin celerō Latin accelerō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin accelerātiōder. English acceleration First attested in 1531. From French accélération or more likely directly from Latin accelerātiō (“a hastening, acceleration”). Equivalent to accelerate + -ion. Pronunciation: /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, /ækˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, /ɪkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration. Labels: uncountable Example: A falling body moves toward the earth with an acceleration of velocity. Example: If you hear flutter on acceleration, it is dangerous surge. 2. The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity). Labels: countable Example: The boosters produce an acceleration of 20 metres per second per second. Example: A period of social improvement, or of intellectual advancement, contains within itself a principle of acceleration […] 3. The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction). Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The advancement of students at a rate that places them ahead of where they would be in the regular school curriculum. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: accelerator Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *kel-der. Latin celer Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin celerō Latin accelerō Latin accelerātuslbor. ▲ Latin accelerō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin accelerātiōder. English accelerationbf. English accelerate Proto-Indo-European *-tōr Proto-Italic *-tōr Latin -tor Latin -ātor Old French -eorbor. Middle English -our ▲ Latin -torlbor. English -or English accelerator * First attested in 1611. * (motor vehicle): First attested in 1900. * accelerate + -or Pronunciation: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, /ækˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ 1. One who, or that which, accelerates. Example: The Second World War is said to have been a great accelerator for many scientific findings. 2. A device for causing acceleration. 3. A substance which speeds up chemical reactions. 4. A pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate when it is pressed. Example: As soon as you get onto the slipway, push the accelerator. 5. A chemical that reduces development time. 6. A device that accelerates charged subatomic particles; a particle accelerator. 7. A muscle or nerve that speeds the performance of an action. 8. An accelerator key. Example: If they had allowed single-character accelerators, Windows wouldn't be able to determine whether the character was input or a shortcut. 9. A computer component using dedicated hardware to accelerate the processing and display of graphics. 10. A light van to take mails between a post office and a railway station. Labels: historical 11. A mentoring program for startup companies. Example: In the nineties, before the accelerator era, startups were usually launched by mid-career engineers or repeat entrepreneurs, who sought millions in venture capital and then labored in secret on something complicated that took years to launch.
Word: accomplished Part of Speech: adj Etymology: * First attested in the late 15th century, from accomplish + -ed. Pronunciation: /əˈkɑm.plɪʃt/, /əˈkʌm.plɪʃt/, /əˈkɒm.plɪʃt/ 1. Completed; effected; established. Example: an accomplished fact Example: When he described the settlers' dominance as accomplished, he meant that it was a fait accompli. 2. Having many accomplishments, often as a result of study or training. Example: an accomplished scholar, an accomplished villain Example: Daughter of God and Man, accompliſht Eve, 3. Showing skill and artistry. Example: an accomplished first novel Example: "Oh! yes—the handsomest young lady that ever was seen; and so accomplished!—She plays and sings all day long. In the next room is a new instrument just come down for her—a present from my master; she comes here to-morrow with him."
Word: accomplished Part of Speech: verb Etymology: * First attested in the late 15th century, from accomplish + -ed. Pronunciation: /əˈkɑm.plɪʃt/, /əˈkʌm.plɪʃt/, /əˈkɒm.plɪʃt/ 1. simple past and past participle of accomplish Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: accomplish Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English accomplisshen, acomplissen, from Old French acompliss-, extended stem of acomplir (Modern French accomplir), from Vulgar Latin *(ac)complīre, from Latin complēre (“fill up/out, complete”, whence English complete). First attested in the late 14th century. Pronunciation: /əˈkʌm.plɪʃ/, /əˈkɒm.plɪʃ/, /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, /əˈkɐm.plɪʃ/, /əˈkɐm.pləʃ/ 1. To finish successfully. Labels: transitive 2. To complete, as time or distance. Labels: transitive Example: That He would accomplish seventy years in the desolations of Jerusalem. Example: But the rising ground which lay between him and the French prevented him from seeing the enemy until he had accomplished half a league or more. 3. To execute fully; to fulfill; to complete successfully. Labels: transitive Example: to accomplish a design, an object, a promise Example: This that is written must yet be accomplished in me 4. To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: The armorers accomplishing the knights Example: It [the moon] is fully accomplished for all those ends to which Providence did appoint it. 5. To gain; to obtain. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: And more unlikely / Than to accomplish twenty golden crowns! 6. To fill out a form. Labels: Philippines, transitive
Word: accent Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French accenter, from Old French accenter, from Latin accentō, from accentus. Pronunciation: /ækˈsɛnt/, /ˈæk.sɛnt/ 1. To express the accent of vocally; to utter with accent. Labels: transitive 2. To mark emphatically; to emphasize; to accentuate; to make prominent. Labels: transitive 3. To mark with written accents. Labels: transitive
Word: accentuate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-der. Proto-Italic *kanō Latin canō Latin accinō Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus ▲ Ancient Greek προσῳδῐ́ᾱ (prosōidĭ́ā)calq. Latin accentus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin accentuō Medieval Latin accentuātusbor. English accentuate First attested in 1731; borrowed from Medieval Latin accentuātus, perfect passive participle of accentuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from Latin accentus. accent + -u- + -ate. Pronunciation: /əkˈsɛn.t͡ʃu.eɪt/, /ækˈsɛn.t͡ʃuˌeɪt/ 1. To pronounce with an accent or vocal stress. Labels: transitive 2. To bring out distinctly; to make more noticeable or prominent; to emphasize. Labels: transitive Example: our danger and insolation only accentuated the incompatibility Example: These were business hours, and a feeling of loneliness crept over him, perhaps germinated by his sight of the illustrated papers, and accentuated by an attempted perusal of them. 3. To mark with a written accent. Labels: transitive
Word: access Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English accesse, acces, borrowed from Middle French acces (“attack, onslaught”) or from its source Latin accessus, perfect passive participle of accēdō (“approach; accede”), from ad (“to, toward, at”) + cēdō (“move, yield”). Doublet of accessus. First attested in the early 14th century. The sense "entrance" was first attested about 1380. Pronunciation: /ˈæksɛs/, /ˈækˌsɛs/ 1. A way or means of approaching or entering; an entrance; a passage. Labels: uncountable Example: The door provides access to the premises. Example: All access was thronged. 2. The act of approaching or entering; an advance. Labels: uncountable Example: They gained access to the basement from the stairs. 3. The right or ability of approaching or entering; admittance; admission; accessibility. Labels: uncountable Example: Staff prevent unauthorized access to the building. 4. The quality of being easy to approach or enter. Labels: uncountable Example: ease of access Example: I did repel his fetters, and denied His access to me. 5. Admission to sexual intercourse. Labels: uncountable Example: During coverture, access of the husband shall be presumed, unless the contrary be shown. 6. An increase by addition; accession. Labels: archaic, countable Example: an access of territory Example: I, from the influence of thy looks, receive access in every virtue. 7. An onset, attack, or fit of disease; an ague fit. Labels: countable Example: The first access looked like an apoplexy. Example: Then he resumed the pose, the decent pose, from which the sudden access of his old trouble had startled him, his hands on his knees, […] 8. An outburst of an emotion; a paroxysm; a fit of passion. Labels: countable Example: The Magpie's flashlight, as he shifted it from his right hand to his left and wrenched out his revolver, had fallen upon two men crouched close against the wall by the library door—and he screamed out in an access of fury. "De double cross! A plant! De bulls! You damned snitch, Larry!" screamed out the Magpie—and fired. Example: It appears that, about the middle of the fourth century of the Christian Era, the Germans in the Roman service started the new practice of retaining their native names; and this change of etiquette, which seems to have been abrupt, points to a sudden access of self-confidence and self-assurance in the souls of the barbarian personnel which had previously been content to 'go Roman' without reservations. 9. The right of a noncustodial parent to visit their child. Labels: uncountable 10. The process of locating data in memory. Labels: countable Example: Operations on C++ volatiles do put the compiler on notice that the object may be modified asynchronously, and hence are generally safer to use than ordinary variable accesses. 11. Connection to or communication with a computer program or to the Internet. Labels: uncountable 12. Complicity or assent. Labels: Scotland, uncountable
Word: access Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First attested in 1962. Pronunciation: /ˈæksɛs/, /əkˈsɛs/, /ˈækˌsɛs/ 1. To gain or obtain access to. Labels: transitive Example: The value of having in-house medical expertise is that staff with poor attendance records who have difficulty accessing NHS services can receive support from their employer, to help reduce absenteeism brought about by medical conditions. 2. To have access to (data). Labels: transitive Example: I can't access most of the data on the computer without a password.
Word: acclaim Part of Speech: verb Etymology: * First attested in the early 14th century. * (to applaud): First attested in the 1630s. * Borrowed from Latin acclāmō (“raise a cry at; applaud”), formed from ad- + clāmō (“cry out, shout”). Pronunciation: /əˈkleɪm/ 1. To shout; to call out. Labels: archaic, transitive 2. To express great approval (for). Labels: transitive Example: a highly-acclaimed novel Example: a widely-acclaimed article 3. To salute or praise with great approval; to compliment; to applaud; to welcome enthusiastically. Labels: rare, transitive 4. To claim. Labels: obsolete, transitive 5. To declare by acclamations. Labels: transitive Example: Thou ſhalt be crown'd— / An Iron Crown, intenſely hot, ſhall gird / Thy hoary Temples; while the ſhouting Crowd / Acclaims thee King of Traitors. 6. To elect (a politician, etc.) to an office automatically because no other candidates run; elect by acclamation. Labels: Canada
Word: acclaim Part of Speech: noun Etymology: * First attested in 1667. Pronunciation: /əˈkleɪm/ 1. An acclamation; a shout of applause. Labels: countable, poetic, uncountable 2. A claim. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: accomplice Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1550. From a complice, from Middle English complice, from Old French complice (“confederate”), from Latin complicāre (“fold together”). The article a became part of the word, through the influence of the word accomplish. Pronunciation: /əˈkɒm.plɪs/, /əˈkʌm.plɪs/, /əˈkɑm.pləs/, /əˈkɑm.plɪs/ 1. An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory. Example: Childleſs Arturius, vaſtly rich before, / Thus by his Loſſes multiplies his Store: / Suſpected for Accomplice to the Fire, / That burnt his Palace but to build it higher. Example: And thou, the curs’d Accomplice of her Treaſon, / Declare thy Meſſage, and expect thy Doom. 2. A cooperator. Labels: rare Example: Succeſſe vnto our valiant Generall, / And happineſſe to his accomplices.
Word: accompany Part of Speech: verb Etymology: * First attested in early 15th century. From Middle English accompanien, from Old French acompagner (“to associate with”), from compaing (“companion”), nominative singular of compaignon (“companion”). See company. Pronunciation: /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, /əˈkʌmp.ni/ 1. To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with. Labels: transitive Example: Geoffrey accompanied the group on their pilgrimage. Example: The Persian dames, […] / In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march. 2. To supplement with; add to. Labels: transitive Example: He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts. 3. To perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition. Labels: intransitive 4. To perform an accompanying part next to (another instrument or musician). Labels: transitive Example: The strings were accompanied by two woodwinds. Example: I will accompany her on the oboe. 5. To associate in a company; to keep company. Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: Men say that they will drive away one another, […] and not accompanied together. 6. To cohabit (with). Labels: intransitive, obsolete 7. To cohabit with; to coexist with; occur with. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Gijb, Suche as accompanyeth with man-killers and murtherers. 8. To be found at the same time. Example: Thunder almost always accompanies lightning during a rain storm.