nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: vas Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin vās (“vessel”) around 1645 through 1655. Doublet of vase. Pronunciation: /ˈvæs/, /ˈvæz/ 1. A vessel or duct transporting any bodily fluid, such as blood, lymph, chyle, or semen. 2. Ellipsis of vas deferens. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis, specifically Example: The vesiculæ are bound down, or fixed, by the vesical fascia. They are about two inches long, and, at the broadest part, which is the middle, they are from five to seven-eighths of an inch broad. They are close by the outside of the vasa, and their extremities are two inches and a half distant, for they divaricate. At the gland they approach, but have the vasa deferentia interposed, so that they do not meet.
Word: cool as a cucumber Part of Speech: adj Etymology: First use appears c. 1722 in a translation of Robinson Crusoe. See cite below. 1. Calm and composed even in difficult or frustrating situations; self-possessed. Labels: informal, not-comparable Example: Even during the elections, Josh was as cool as a cucumber. Example: Still he had all his wits about him, and was as cool as a cucumber.
Word: self-possessed Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *swé? Proto-Indo-European *selbʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *selbaz Old English self Old English self- Middle English self- English self- English possessed English self-possessed From self- + possessed. 1. In full control of one's faculties, and having a firm belief in one's abilities; confident, assured and poised.
Word: intoxicating Part of Speech: adj 1. Able to intoxicate; an intoxicant. Example: intoxicating liquor Example: intoxicating product 2. Very exciting and stimulating, like alcohol or some other stimulant. Labels: figuratively Example: intoxicating speech
Word: intoxicating Part of Speech: verb 1. present participle and gerund of intoxicate Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: pricker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From prick + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈpɹɪkə(ɹ)/ 1. One who pricks. 2. A tool for pricking. Example: The pricker was used to level the fire half-way up the bank and that was that. 3. A prickle or thorn. 4. Any of several American prickly woody vines of the genus Smilax; greenbrier. 5. One who spurs forward; a light-horseman. Example: The prickers, who rode foremost, […] halted. 6. A priming wire; a priming needle, used in blasting and gunnery. 7. A small marlinespike used in sailmaking.
Word: glacial acetic acid Part of Speech: noun 1. Acetic acid that is at least 99.8% pure and tends to crystallize on cold days. Labels: uncountable
Word: crystalize Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈkɹɪstəlaɪz/ 1. Alternative spelling of crystallize. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: glacial Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from French glacial, from Latin glaciālis, from glaciēs (“ice”). The sense "slow" refers to the speed of actual glaciers, typically around 1 meter per day. Pronunciation: /ˈɡleɪ.sɪəl/, /ˈɡleɪ.ʃ(ɪ)əl/ 1. Of, or relating to glaciers. Example: We examined the glacial deposits. Example: Wang Shijin is a glacier expert and director of the Yulong Snow Mountain Glacial and Environmental Observation Research Station. 2. Very slow. Labels: figuratively Example: He could remember a day that he had spent the whole of (he couldn't have been more than ten) running one of the great, creaking freight elevators at a glacial speed, answering the calls of the bell—one ring, five rings, three rings—with an almost unbearable sense of responsibility. Example: I understand that you commented that the Japanese are moving at glacial speed. This is not the only area where they are moving at glacial speed. They are moving at glacial speed in terms of trade barriers, and it is one thing that the American people recognize. 3. Cold and icy. Example: After the rain and frost, the pavements were glacial. 4. Having the appearance of ice. Example: On cold days, glacial acetic acid will freeze in the bottle. 5. Cool and unfriendly. Labels: figuratively Example: He gave me a glacial stare.
Word: glacial Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French glacial, from Latin glaciālis, from glaciēs (“ice”). The sense "slow" refers to the speed of actual glaciers, typically around 1 meter per day. Pronunciation: /ˈɡleɪ.sɪəl/, /ˈɡleɪ.ʃ(ɪ)əl/ 1. A glacial period (colloquially known as an ice age).
Word: mispronounciation Part of Speech: noun 1. Misspelling of mispronunciation. Labels: alt-of, misspelling
Word: mispronunciation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *mey-? Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂-der. Proto-Germanic *missaz Proto-Germanic *missa- Proto-West Germanic *missa- Old English mis- Middle English mys- English mis- English pronunciation English mispronunciation From mis- + pronunciation. Pronunciation: /mɪspɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, /mɪspɹəˌnaʊn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ 1. The act of mispronouncing. Labels: uncountable Example: She found the constant mispronunciation of her name very annoying. 2. A mispronounced word or phrase. Labels: countable Example: His speech was full of mispronunciations.
Word: mispronounce Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *mey-? Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂-der. Proto-Germanic *missaz Proto-Germanic *missa- Proto-West Germanic *missa- Old English mis- Middle English mys- English mis- English pronounce English mispronounce From mis- + pronounce. 1. To pronounce (a word, phrase, etc.) incorrectly. Labels: transitive
Word: fumaric acid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Fumaria. 1. an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of maleic acid from which it may be prepared by heating; it is found in many plants, including fungi and mosses, and is essential in the chemistry of respiration; it has a number of industrial applications, and its esters, the fumarates, are used in the treatment of psoriasis Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: maleic acid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin malum (“apple”). Related to malic acid. 1. an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, cis-butenedioic acid; HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it is found in unripe fruit, and is used industrially in the production of polyester resins Labels: uncountable
Word: maleate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From maleic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”). 1. Any salt or ester of maleic acid.
Word: fumarate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From fumaric acid + -ate (“salt or ester”). 1. Any salt or ester of fumaric acid; they are produced in the body as part of the urea cycle.
Word: unsaturated Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From un- + saturated. 1. Not saturated; capable of dissolving more of a solute at the same temperature. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of a compound containing atoms sharing more than one valence bond, especially of an organic compound having one or more double bonds or triple bonds between carbon atoms. Labels: not-comparable 3. Not chromatically pure; diluted. Labels: not-comparable
Word: unsaturated Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From un- + saturated. 1. An unsaturated hydrocarbon. Example: […] the unsaturateds (mainly butadiene and cyclopentadiene) in these gases.
Word: unsaturated fat Part of Speech: noun 1. A type of dietary fat where the fatty acid chains contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, making them less saturated with hydrogen, causing them to typically remain liquid at room temperature. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: saturated fat Part of Speech: noun 1. A type of dietary fat composed of fatty acid chains that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms and are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: polyunsaturated fat Part of Speech: noun 1. A type of unsaturated fat featuring fatty acids with two or more carbon-carbon double bonds in their structure, and remain liquid at room temperature.
Word: saturated fatty acid Part of Speech: noun 1. A fatty acid, such as stearic acid, that contains no carbon to carbon double bonds.
Word: unsaturated fatty acid Part of Speech: noun 1. A fatty acid, such as oleic acid, that contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond.
Word: polyunsaturated fatty acid Part of Speech: noun 1. A fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid, that contains two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
Word: cholesterol Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- Proto-Hellenic *kʰolā́ Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ) Proto-Indo-European *ster-der. Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós) French cholestérine French cholestérolbor. English cholesterol Borrowed from French cholestérol. Pronunciation: /kəˈlɛstəɹɒl/, /kəˈlɛstɹɒl/, /kəˈlɛstəɹäl/, /kəˈlɛstɹäl/ 1. A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The level of cholesterol in the body. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: improve your cholesterol; lower your cholesterol Example: As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn’t entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time.
Word: saturated Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of saturate Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: saturated Part of Speech: adj 1. Full; unable to hold or contain any more. Labels: not-comparable 2. Soaked or drenched with moisture. Labels: comparable 3. Containing all the solute that can normally be dissolved at a given temperature. Labels: not-comparable 4. Having all available valence bonds filled; especially of any organic compound containing only single bonds between carbon atoms. 5. Equal to a union of equivalence classes of ≡; such that if x∈S and x≡y then y∈S. 6. Equal to a union of equivalence classes of ≡; such that if x∈S and x≡y then y∈S. Labels: especially 7. Conforming to saturation arithmetic. Example: a saturated value 8. Having a high level of saturation (in various senses). Example: a saturated image
Word: saturated Part of Speech: noun 1. A saturated hydrocarbon. Example: Thus, in Fig. 12, if it is assumed that the illuminants are chiefly ethylene and the saturateds largely methane it can be seen that the normal formation of ethylene is […]
Word: sterol Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From 1913; back-formation from cholesterol. Pronunciation: /ˈstɛɹɒl/ 1. Any steroid that contains a hydroxyl group in the 3-position of the A-ring. Example: Sterols are found in all animal and plant tissue and play an important role in hormone chemistry. Example: Research into marine sterols falls neatly into three chronological periods.
Word: satis Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Clipping of satisfy. Enhanced by ancestral Latin satis. 1. Clipping of satisfied. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, colloquial
Word: satis Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Clipping of satisfy. Enhanced by ancestral Latin satis. 1. Clipping of satisfy. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ambitransitive, clipping, colloquial
Word: single bond Part of Speech: noun 1. A covalent bond in which one electron pair is shared between two atoms. Labels: physical
Word: unity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English unite, from Anglo-Norman, Old French unité, from Latin ūnitās, from ūnus (“one”) + noun of state suffix -itās, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”), hence distantly related to one and an. By surface analysis, unite + -y. Displaced native Old English ānnes (literally “oneness”). Pronunciation: /ˈjuːnɪti/, /ˈjuːnəti/, /ˈjunɪti/, /ˈjunəti/ 1. Oneness: the state or fact of being one undivided entity. Labels: uncountable Example: Near-synonyms: unification, unionization, integration Example: If any literary work is too long to be read at one sitting, we must be content to dispense with the immensely important effect derivable from unity of impression - for, if two sittings be required, the affairs of the world interfere, and everything like totality is at once destroyed. 2. Agreement; harmony. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A single undivided thing, seen as complete in itself. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: If a single day has brought us two or more experiences suitable to initiate a dream, the dream will unite references to them both into a single whole; it obeys a compulsion to form a unity [translating Einheit] out of them. 4. Any of the three classical rules of drama: unity of action (nothing should be admitted not directly relevant to the development of the plot), unity of place (the scenes should be set in the same place), and unity of time (all the events should be such as might happen within a single day). Labels: countable, uncountable 5. The number 1 or any element of a set or field that behaves under a given operation as the number 1 behaves under multiplication. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the cube roots of unity 6. The peculiar characteristics of an estate held by several in joint tenancy. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. The form of consensus in a Quaker meeting for business which signals that a decision has been reached. In order to achieve unity, everyone who does not agree with the decision must explicitly stand aside, possibly being recorded in the minutes as doing so. Labels: Quakerism, countable, uncountable
Word: gibberellic acid Part of Speech: noun 1. An organic compound, one of the gibberellins, obtained from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi, that functions as a growth hormone in plants. Labels: uncountable
Word: oneness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English oonnesse, onnesse, from Old English ānnes (“oneness, unity, agreement, covenant, solitude”), from Proto-West Germanic *ainnassī (“oneness”), equivalent to one + -ness. Cognate with Old High German einnissī, einnissa (“unity, oneness”). 1. The state of being one or undivided; unity. Labels: uncountable Example: Second, the amount of zeroness and oneness that a qubit may have is arbitrary and takes on a continuum of values, but when we measure it, we obtain a 0 or a 1 […] Example: It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: […]; perhaps to moralise on the oneness or fragility of the planet, or to see humanity for the small and circumscribed thing that it is; […]. 2. The product of being one or undivided. Labels: countable
Word: gibberellin Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Gibberella Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnusder. Old French -inbor. Middle English -in English -ineclip. English -in English gibberellin From Gibberella + -in. 1. Any of a class of diterpene plant growth hormones first isolated from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: terpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From German Terpen, coined by August Kekulé in 1866 in analogy to German Terpentin, from Latin terebinthina. Piecewise doublet of terpin; compare also terebinth and turpentine. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː(ɹ)piːn/ 1. Any of a very large class of naturally occurring and synthetic organic compounds formally derived from the hydrocarbon isoprene; they include many volatile compounds used in perfume and food flavours, turpentine, the steroids, the carotene pigments and rubber. Example: Naval stores production is based upon exploiting the terpene chemical defense system of the pine tree, which protects against wood-decaying fungi and insect pests such as bark beetles (Dendroctonus Ips sp.). […] Pine oleoresin is a complex mixture of about 30 to 50 different terpene molecules, chiefly composed of diterpene resin acids and monoterpene essential oils, which impart different physical and biotic properties (Zinkel and Russell 1989).
Word: isoprene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined (1860) by British chemist C. G. Williams, from iso- (“equal; different, isomeric”) + pr(op)- (“three carbon prefix”) + -ene (“alkene suffix”). A misnomer. Pronunciation: /ˈaɪsə(ʊ)pɹiːn/, /ˈaɪsəˌpɹin/ 1. An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C₅H₈, that is readily polymerized; natural rubber (caoutchouc) is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in gutta-percha and balata; it is the structural basis for the terpenes.
Word: mail stop Part of Speech: noun 1. The delivery point where Mail Services delivers and collects mail. Example: Like any other large American corporation, we have mail stops on every floor or each building, for inter- and intra-office mail.
Word: turpentine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English terebentyne, terbentyne, turbentine, from Old French terbentine, turbentine, Latin terebinthīna, from terebintha, from Ancient Greek τερεβινθίνη (terebinthínē), from τερεβινθινος (terebinthinos), from τερέβινθος (terébinthos). Related to terpene and terpin; etymologically equivalent to terebinth + -ine. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː.pənˌtaɪn/, /ˈtɝ.pənˌtaɪn/ 1. Any oleoresin secreted by the wood or bark of certain trees. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A volatile essential oil now obtained from such oleoresin of from the wood of pine trees by steam distillation; a complex mixture of monoterpenes; now used as a solvent and paint thinner. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A turpentine tree (genus Syncarpia). Labels: Australia, countable, uncountable Example: Turpentine timber was obtained from the forests outside Maryborough and Townsville, and shipped by rail and landing craft to Hayman Island.
Word: turpentine Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English terebentyne, terbentyne, turbentine, from Old French terbentine, turbentine, Latin terebinthīna, from terebintha, from Ancient Greek τερεβινθίνη (terebinthínē), from τερεβινθινος (terebinthinos), from τερέβινθος (terébinthos). Related to terpene and terpin; etymologically equivalent to terebinth + -ine. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː.pənˌtaɪn/, /ˈtɝ.pənˌtaɪn/ 1. To drain resin from (a tree) for use in making turpentine. Labels: transitive
Word: essential oil Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Containing the essence of the plant's fragrance. 1. A volatile oil, used to make perfumes and flavorings, especially one having the characteristic odor of the plant from which it is obtained. Example: The odours of many flowers so delightful to our sense of smell, as well as the disagreeable scents of others, are owing to the exhalation of their essential oils. Example: The use of essential oils – aromatic substances derived from plants – has been around for centuries, and studies suggest certain oils offer minor benefits to sleep (lavender) or headaches (peppermint).
Word: monoterpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *men-der. Proto-Hellenic *mónwos Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos) Ancient Greek μονο- (mono-)der. English mono- English terpene English monoterpene From mono- + terpene. 1. Any terpene formed from two isoprene units, and having ten carbon atoms; either hydrocarbons such as pinene, or compounds with functional groups such as camphor.
Word: castellum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin castellum. Doublet of cashel, castell, castle, and château. 1. A small Roman detached fort or fortlet used as a watch tower or signal station. Labels: historical
Word: sesquiterpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From sesqui- (“one and a half”) + terpene; by comparison with a monoterpene, which has two isoprene units. 1. Any terpene formed from three isoprene units, and having fifteen carbon atoms; includes several plant pigments such as the flavones.
Word: diterpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From di- + terpene. 1. any terpene formed from four isoprene units, and having twenty carbon atoms; includes vitamin A, the gibberellins, and various biologically active lactones such as quassin. Example: Further experiments are needed to elaborate the exact mechanisms of the hypotensive and diuretic effects of diterpene kaurenoids.
Word: triterpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *tréyes Proto-Indo-European *tri- Proto-Italic *tri- Latin tri-der. English tri- English terpene English triterpene From tri- + terpene. 1. Any terpene formed from six isoprene units, and having thirty carbon atoms; they are relatively rare.
Word: tetraterpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres Proto-Hellenic *kʷétwores Ancient Greek τέσσᾰρες (téssăres) Ancient Greek τετρᾰ- (tetră-)bor. English tetra- English terpene English tetraterpene From tetra- (“four”) + terpene. 1. Any terpene formed from eight isoprene units, and having forty carbon atoms; they include the carotene plant pigments.
Word: polyterpene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- Proto-Indo-European *polh₁ús Ancient Greek πολῠ́ς (polŭ́s)lbor. English poly- English terpene English polyterpene From poly- + terpene. 1. any polymeric terpene formed from many isoprene units joined head to tail; includes rubber and gutta-percha
Word: carotene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From car(r)ot + -ene. Pronunciation: /ˈkæɹ.əˌtiːn/, /ˈkæɹ.əˌtin/, /ˈkɛɹ.əˌtin/ 1. A class of tetraterpene plant pigments; they vary in colour from yellow, through orange to red, this colour originating in a chain of alternating single and double bonds. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Specifically, a number of isomers of tetraterpene hydrocarbons, C₄₀H₅₆, (especially beta-carotene), present in carrots etc, which are converted into vitamin A in the liver. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: airline Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From air + line. Pronunciation: /ˈɛəˌlaɪn/, /ˈɛɹˌlaɪn/ 1. A company that flies airplanes to transport people and goods. Example: But already there are some commercial air­lines in the United States which use airplanes cap­able of more than 200 miles an hour. Example: They and the airline itself described an internal process that requires multiple departments to manually redesign the airline’s schedule – a system that works “the vast majority of the time,” Southwest said in a statement. […] Other airlines managed to recover by early this week; at Southwest, the cancellations only increased.
Word: carotenoid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English car(r)ot English -ene English carotene Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-)der. Latin -o- Proto-Indo-European *weyd- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *wéydos Proto-Hellenic *wéidos Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs) Latin -oīdēslbor. English -oid English carotenoid From carotene + -oid. Pronunciation: /kəˈɹɒtɪˌnɔɪd/, /ˈkæɹətɪˌnɔɪd/, /kəˈɹɑtɪˌnɔɪd/ 1. Any of a class of yellow to red organic pigments including the carotenes and xanthophylls.
Word: carotenoid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English car(r)ot English -ene English carotene Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-)der. Latin -o- Proto-Indo-European *weyd- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *wéydos Proto-Hellenic *wéidos Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs) Latin -oīdēslbor. English -oid English carotenoid From carotene + -oid. Pronunciation: /kəˈɹɒtɪˌnɔɪd/, /ˈkæɹətɪˌnɔɪd/, /kəˈɹɑtɪˌnɔɪd/ 1. Of or relating to such a class of pigments. Labels: not-comparable
Word: fucoxanthin Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin fūcus (from Ancient Greek φῦκος (phûkos, “seaweed”)) + ξανθός (xanthós, “yellow”) + -in. 1. A carotenoid pigment found in the chloroplasts of brown algae. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: lutein Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin luteus Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnusder. Old French -inbor. Middle English -in English -ineclip. English -in English lutein From Latin luteus (“yellow”) + English -in. 1. A yellow carotenoid pigment, widely distributed in both plants and animals. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: lycopene Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From lycopin. 1. A red carotenoid pigment found in tomatoes, other red vegetables, and in animal tissue; there is some evidence that it may lower the risk of prostate cancer. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: And eating avocado with salsa boosted the absorption of lycopene—a carotenoid in tomatoes—by almost five times.
Word: xanthophyll Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From xantho- + -phyll. 1. Any of various hydroxy, carbonyl or carboxylic acid derivatives of carotenes. Labels: countable 2. Lutein. Labels: uncountable
Word: dumb cancel Part of Speech: noun 1. Synonym of mute cancel.
Word: bird flu Part of Speech: noun 1. Avian influenza. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Authorities said the discovery of H5N9 bird flu in poultry came alongside the detection of the more common H5N1 strain on the same farm in Merced county, California, and that almost 119,000 birds on the farm had been killed since early December.
Word: postal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From post + -al, modelled on French postal. Pronunciation: [ˈpoʊstl̩], [ˈpəʊstl̩] 1. Relating to the collection, sorting and delivery of mail. Labels: not-comparable Example: He's a postal worker, and has been in the postal industry for decades. Example: We sell stamps and stationery for all your postal needs. 2. Crazy, insane. Labels: US, not-comparable, slang Example: to go postal Example: SANDI: Maybe I should just have my own party, since you obviously think I'm postal.
Word: go postal Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From go (“to become”) + postal (“relating to the collection, sorting and delivery of mail”), from a number of incidents, mostly gun violence, perpetrated by disgruntled U.S. Postal Service workers on co-workers in the United States in the mid 1980s. Pronunciation: /ˌɡəʊ ˈpəʊstl̩/, /ˌɡoʊ ˈpoʊstəl/ 1. To become aggressive and erratic, especially due to stress; specifically, to carry out a shooting spree at a workplace environment; also (more generally) to become very angry; to lose one's temper. Labels: US, informal, intransitive Example: Violence that spills in from the streets may be less worrisome than the worker rampages, to judge by the attentive audience of personnel managers (and the consultants available for hire) at "A Growing American Phenomenon: Workplace Violence." The symposium was sponsored by the U.S. Postal Service, which has seen so many outbursts that in some circles excessive stress is known as "going postal." Thirty-five people have been killed in 11 post office shootings since 1983.
Word: unselfconscious Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- English selfconscious English unselfconscious From un- + selfconscious. 1. Not self-conscious; natural and genuine. Example: After a minute's silence he spoke again in Tibetan, in a voice creaky with age but curiously vibrant with the unselfconscious habit of authority. Example: The landscapes of group identity — the ethnoscapes — around the world are no longer familiar anthropological objects, insofar as groups are no longer tightly territorialized, spatially bounded, historically unselfconscious, or culturally homogeneous. 2. Lacking a sense of self. Example: In fact, if the quotation be read over again with this interpretation (which I do not say Wordsworth intended) that the 'birth' spoken of is the birth or evolution of the distinctively self-conscious Man from the Animals and the animal-natured, unself-conscious human beings of a preceding age, then the parable unfolds itself perfectly naturally and convincingly.
Word: funny ha ha Part of Speech: adj 1. Alternative form of funny ha-ha. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: rainbow coalition Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named after the colours associated with various parties: red for Labour, blue for the Conservatives, etc. 1. A government consisting of a coalition of three or more parties, particularly parties with divergent ideologies. Labels: Ireland, UK
Word: rain on someone's parade Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First appeared around 1900. 1. To spoil someone's celebration. Labels: idiomatic Example: Sanju Baba, we learn, is rather miffed at the way Kunder rained on his parade and took away the spotlight from Agneepath's success. Example: “Given that Europe is still shrouded by the cloud of recession, a weak PMI -- though not rain on the parade -- will surely damp investor sentiment,” said Manish Singh, the London-based head of investment at Crossbridge Capital 2. To disappoint or discourage someone by ruining or criticizing their plans or aspirations. Labels: figuratively Example: I hate to rain on your parade, but lots of people have tried that strategy and it hasn't worked yet. Example: If someone takes a spill / It's me and not you / Who told you you're allowed / To rain on my parade?
Word: on the back burner Part of Speech: prep_phrase 1. Not immediate; inactive; receiving or requiring less than full or regular attention. Labels: idiomatic Example: That project is on the back burner until we deal with higher priorities. Example: After some years sweating on the back burner of show business, Ms. Brier, 28, has found instant success on the social media platform of the moment, TikTok.
Word: grumble Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably from Middle French grommeler, from Old French grumeler (“to murmur, grumble”), from Middle Dutch *grommelen ("to murmur, mutter, grunt"; > Modern Dutch grommelen (“to grumble”)), frequentative of Middle Dutch grommen (“to growl, grunt”). Cognate with Middle Low German grummelen (> Low German grummeln (“to grumble”)), German grummeln (“to grumble”), Norwegian dialectal grymja (“to growl, grunt”). Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹʌmbl̩/, /ˈɡɹʊmbəl/ 1. A high thundering, rumbling or growling sound. Labels: onomatopoeic 2. The sound made by a hungry stomach. 3. A surly complaint. Example: That whiner is never without a grumble to share.
Word: grumble Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Probably from Middle French grommeler, from Old French grumeler (“to murmur, grumble”), from Middle Dutch *grommelen ("to murmur, mutter, grunt"; > Modern Dutch grommelen (“to grumble”)), frequentative of Middle Dutch grommen (“to growl, grunt”). Cognate with Middle Low German grummelen (> Low German grummeln (“to grumble”)), German grummeln (“to grumble”), Norwegian dialectal grymja (“to growl, grunt”). Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹʌmbl̩/, /ˈɡɹʊmbəl/ 1. To make a low, growling or rumbling noise, like a hungry stomach or certain animals. Labels: intransitive Example: The distant thunder grumbles. Example: It made his stomach grumble in protest to think the mule was eating, and here he was worrying about her with an empty belly of his own. 2. To complain; to murmur or mutter with discontent; to make ill-natured complaints in a low voice and a surly manner. Labels: intransitive Example: He grumbles about the food constantly, but has yet to learn to cook. 3. To utter in a grumbling fashion. Labels: transitive Example: He grumbled that there was no grain "in the country" and that people were talking instead of working to provide it.
Word: heliocentrism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Shortened from heliocentricism, from heliocentric + -ism, from Ancient Greek ἥλῐος (hḗlĭos, “sun”) + κέντρον (kéntron, “centre”), equivalent to helio- + -centrism. 1. The theory that the sun is the center of the universe. Labels: uncountable Example: 1923, Felix Adler, "The Reconstruction of the Spiritual Ideal," American Ethical Union, 68. Geocentrism has been displaced by heliocentrism. Heliocentrism, in turn, the claim of the sun, surrounded by its satellites, to a sovereign place in the heavens, has become ridiculous in the face of the wilderness of suns that people the abysses beyond us. Example: It wasn't until the Renaissance that scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei showed proof for heliocentrism, or the idea that the planets moved around the sun. 2. The phenomenon of the Earth revolving around the Sun. Labels: informal, uncountable Example: You would think the practitioners of the dismal science of economics would look at their demand curves and the data on incomes and taxes and pronounce a verdict, the way Galileo and Copernicus did when they showed that geocentrism was a fantasy because the Earth revolves around the sun (known as heliocentrism). Example: Heliocentrism is not yet universally known or accepted. In a 1999 poll, 18 of Americans said that the sun revolves around the Earth, while 79 percent said Earth revolves around the sun.
Word: cultural anthropology Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˌkʊltʃəɹəl ˌænθɹəˈpɑlədʒi/ 1. The field of anthropology that studies human behavior, culture, and social interaction; one of four commonly recognized fields of anthropology. Labels: uncountable
Word: social anthropology Part of Speech: noun 1. cultural anthropology Labels: UK, uncountable
Word: socio-cultural anthropology Part of Speech: noun 1. cultural anthropology Labels: uncountable
Word: papaphobia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin papa (“pope”) + -phobia. Pronunciation: /pæpæˈfəʊbɪə/ 1. the pathological fear of the pope or the papacy Labels: uncountable
Word: papa- Part of Speech: prefix Etymology: Borrowed from Latin pāpa, from Ancient Greek πάππας (páppas). 1. Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy. Labels: morpheme
Word: papaphilia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin papa (“pope”) + -philia. Pronunciation: /pæpæˈfɪlɪə/ 1. love and adoration for the pope or the papacy Labels: uncountable
Word: Boontling Part of Speech: name 1. A jargon spoken only in Boonville, California.
Word: lolz Part of Speech: intj Etymology: A corruption of lol, probably a leet variation, treated as if it were a noun rather than an interjection and pluralized in a deliberately unconventional manner using the -z suffix. Pronunciation: /ˈlɔːlz/ 1. Used to express laughter, often in a sarcastic fashion. Labels: Internet, Leet, dated Example: 1999:"you mean "C"hina??? lolz!!!" — http://groups-beta.google.com/group/talk.politics.tibet/msg/74bdbd4eb17f4b22
Word: lolz Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A corruption of lol, probably a leet variation, treated as if it were a noun rather than an interjection and pluralized in a deliberately unconventional manner using the -z suffix. Pronunciation: /ˈlɔːlz/ 1. Alternative form of lulz. Labels: alt-of, alternative, uncountable Example: Yoram Bauman, the world’s first and only stand-up economist, likes to inject some lolz into grim climate economics (kind of like Grist). Example: According to some, we should just accept our language being the subject of derision because you know; the lolz.
Word: say cheese Part of Speech: verb 1. To smile for a photograph by saying the word "cheese" (the vowel of which, when pronounced as is usual in English, forces a somewhat smile-shaped mouth). Labels: idiomatic, imperative Example: Danny watched the birdie and said cheese, and then it was over and the wait began. Danny would wait for weeks in anticipation of the day the final product was passed out by his teacher Miss Turner.
Word: rebrand Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English brand English rebrand From re- + brand. Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈbɹænd/ 1. To change the brand name, logo, or image of a product or organization. Example: Acme Co. is trying to rebrand their line of toasters under the Bewidget name. Example: Many have spoken about the need for a rebranding of America. Rebrand, restart, reboot.
Word: rebrand Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English brand English rebrand From re- + brand. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːbɹænd/ 1. A change to the brand name, logo, or image of a product or company. Example: Management decided it was time for a complete rebrand. Example: Typically, a rebrand is either a fundamental change of the core ideology of everything you are, or at a more pithy level, a change in how you visually manifest that core idea.
Word: tepee Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of teepee. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: terai Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Nepali तराइ (tarāi) and/or Hindustani (Hindi तराई (tarāī) / Urdu ترائی (tarāī, “marsh, foothills”)), from Prakrit *तलघट्टिका- (*talaghaṭṭikā-), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan *taras (“plain, plateau”), possibly related to Sanskrit तल (tala, “level”); cognate to Nepali तराइ (tarāi). Possibly later associated with Classical Persian تر (tar, “humid”). Pronunciation: /təˈɹaɪ/ 1. A belt of marshy land, which lies between the foothills of the Himalayas and the plains. Example: Emotions running high, clashes between protesters and police led to the death of at least 40 people in Terai since August – including 11 police officials, one of them dragged out of an ambulance and beaten to death. 2. A terai hat.
Word: teraph Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew תרף. 1. An idol or other image of reverence and divination among the ancient Hebrews; apparently especially a kind of household god. Example: Now Laban had gone to shear his sheep: and Rachel stole the teraphim that were her father's.
Word: secede Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin secedere, from se- (“apart”) + cēdō (“to go”). Pronunciation: /sɪˈsiːd/ 1. To split from or to withdraw from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation. Labels: intransitive Example: We can secede from the United Kingdom any time we want. Example: “The horror, the horror”, said venture capitalist Shervin Pishevar, an Uber investor who made a call for California to secede from the US. 2. To split or to withdraw one or more constituent entities from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation. Labels: transitive, uncommon Example: At the same time, Nolan also secretly contracted with the crafty United States Army general James Wilkinson to organize some men to secede Texas from Spanish America. Example: A Spanish Supreme Court probe into last year's attempt to secede Catalonia from Spain wraps up Friday with the judge expected to charge 28 regional politicians and separatist leaders with offenses that may include rebellion.
Word: alien abduction Part of Speech: noun 1. The abduction of a person by extraterrestrials.
Word: sleep paralysis Part of Speech: noun 1. The normal paralysis of the body that occurs during REM sleep. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A situation where a person is not fully awake, and although conscious of their surroundings, unable to move or speak, often accompanied by hallucinations and feelings of terror. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: giraff Part of Speech: noun 1. Obsolete spelling of giraffe. Labels: alt-of, obsolete
Word: fœtor Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈfiːtɔː/, /ˈfiːtɔɹ/ 1. Nonstandard spelling of fetor. Labels: alt-of, countable, nonstandard, uncountable Example: 1926 C.E., T. E. Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom, pUnknown It was surer to go down myself: and more virtuous than continued fœtor and promiscuity in Tafileh.
Word: foetor Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of fœtor. Labels: alt-of, alternative, uncountable, usually
Word: fetor Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin fētor. Pronunciation: /ˈfiː.tə/, /ˈfiː.tɔː/, /ˈfi.təɹ/, /ˈfi.tɔɹ/ 1. An unpleasant smell. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Heʼd thrown rancid meat in a fire to fill the woods with the ripe fetor of death.
Word: pandæmonium Part of Speech: noun 1. Archaic form of pandemonium. Labels: alt-of, archaic, countable, uncountable
Word: bite the dust Part of Speech: verb 1. To die. Labels: euphemistic, idiomatic Example: Ulysses killed Demoptolemus, Telemachus Euryades, Eumæus Elatus, while the stockman killed Pisander. These all bit the dust, and as the others drew back into a corner Ulysses and his men rushed forward and regained their spears by drawing them from the bodies of the dead Example: Three more warriors bit the dust... 2. To quit, or fail. Labels: idiomatic Example: My old backpack finally bit the dust the other day. Example: London calling, now don't look to us / Phony Beatlemania has bitten the dust
Word: pandaemonium Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of pandemonium. Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable
Word: pandemonium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined by John Milton in Paradise Lost as Pandæmonium, from Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân, “all”) (equivalent to pan-) + Late Latin daemonium (“evil spirit, demon”), from Ancient Greek δαιμόνιον (daimónion, “deity”). Pronunciation: /ˌpæn.dɪˈməʊ.ni.əm/, /ˌpæn.dəˈmoʊ.ni.əm/ 1. A loud, wild, tumultuous protest, disorder, or chaotic situation, usually of a crowd, often violent. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Whatever all this pandemonium means, I suppose the police station will help us. Example: I shall go round to the office and complain. I'll tell you what it is, Mr. Belting: these mansions are becoming a pandemonium, sir, a veritable pandemonium. 2. An outburst; loud, riotous uproar, especially of a crowd. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Riyad Mahrez flighted the free-kick that followed to the far post and Morgan, with not much finesse but plenty of desire, bundled the ball over the line. Cue pandemonium in the stands. 3. A group of parrots Labels: collective, countable, uncountable
Word: dis-ease Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /dɪsˈiːz/ 1. Lack of a feeling of ease; uneasiness. Labels: uncountable
Word: lapwing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English lapwynge, lapwynke, lappewincke, lapwynche, lhapwynche, from Old English hlēapewince (“lapwing”), from Old English hlēapan (“to leap”) + wincian (“to wink, make a sign”), due to its manner of flight. Cognate with West Frisian ljip (“lapwing”). The modern form is influenced by folk etymology to resemble English wing. Pronunciation: /ˈlæpwɪŋ/ 1. Any of several medium-sized wading birds belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae, within family Charadriidae. Example: Plovers and lapwings are a large, virtually worldwide family that differs from sandpipers in, among other things, having a shorter, thicker, pigeonlike bill and more robust proportions. Example: The resident tropical plovers have much less pointed wings, and most of the lapwings have fairly rounded wing-tips, a wing shape apparently more adapted to aerial manoeuvrability than to long-distance migration. 2. Any of several medium-sized wading birds belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae, within family Charadriidae. 3. A silly man. Labels: obsolete Example: This lapwing runs away with the shell on his head.
Word: fumigator Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From fumigate + -or. 1. One who fumigates. 2. An apparatus for fumigating.
Word: dura mater Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested c. 1400, borrowing from Medieval Latin dūra māter (literally “firm, strict mother”), ellipsis of dūra māter cerebrī (literally “hard mother of the brain”), calque of Arabic أُمّ الدِّمَاغ الصَفِيقَة (ʔumm al-ddimāḡ aṣ-ṣafīqa, literally “thick mother of the brain”). Pronunciation: /ˌdjʊə.ɹə ˈmeɪ.tə/, /ˈd(j)ʊɹ.ə ˌmeɪ.tɚ/, /ˈd(j)ʊɹ.ə ˌmɑt.ɚ/ 1. The tough and inflexible outermost of the three layers of the meninges, enveloping the brain and spinal cord. Example: Hmm, false membranes are adhering to the arachnoidian layer of the dura mater. I’m directing my gaze into a world of constant visibility. Where does it hurt?
Word: incognito Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Italian incognito, from Latin incognitus (“unknown”), from in- (“not”) + cognitus (“known”), perfect passive participle of cognoscere. Pronunciation: /ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtoʊ/, /ˌɪnˈkɒɡnɪtoʊ/ 1. Without being known; in an assumed character, or under an assumed title; in disguise. Labels: not-comparable Example: THE Scepticks think 'twas long ago, / Since Gods came down Incognito; / To ſee who were their Friends or Foes, / And how our Actions fell or roſe.
Word: incognito Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Borrowed from Italian incognito, from Latin incognitus (“unknown”), from in- (“not”) + cognitus (“known”), perfect passive participle of cognoscere. Pronunciation: /ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtoʊ/, /ˌɪnˈkɒɡnɪtoʊ/ 1. Without revealing one's identity. Labels: not-comparable Example: The prince royal of Prussia came thither incognito. Example: "But you can understand," said our strange visitor, sitting down once more and passing his hand over his high white forehead, "you can understand that I am not accustomed to doing such business in my own person. Yet the matter was so delicate that I could not confide it to an agent without putting myself in his power. I have come incognito from Prague for the purpose of consulting you."
Word: incognito Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Italian incognito, from Latin incognitus (“unknown”), from in- (“not”) + cognitus (“known”), perfect passive participle of cognoscere. Pronunciation: /ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtoʊ/, /ˌɪnˈkɒɡnɪtoʊ/ 1. One unknown or in disguise, or under an assumed character or name. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The assumption of disguise or of a feigned character; the state of being in disguise or not recognized. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Of those letters, and other attempts of the same kind, the author could not complain, though his incognito was endangered. He had challenged the public to a game at bo-peep, and if he was discovered in his “hiding-hole,” he must submit to the shame of detection. Example: It contained a letter from the King himself, craving hospitality for a few days, as his mother was about to visit England, and to take up with Lord Avonleigh her residence at the Castle. A slight incognito would be preserved, and as little form and ceremony expected as was possible.
Word: usine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French usine. Doublet of officina and oficina. 1. A West Indian sugar factory. Labels: obsolete Example: Account of the usines or central sugar factories on the island Example: The testator died possessed of one third share in an usine or manufactory of refined sugar, and in the machinery, stock in trade, book debts, and effects belonging thereto.