nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: tortoise Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English tortuse, tortuce, tortuge, from Medieval Latin tortuca, of uncertain origin. May be from Late Latin tartarūcha, from tartarūchus, from Ancient Greek ταρταροῦχος (tartaroûkhos, literally “holder of Tartarus [the land of the damned dead in Greek myths]”), because it used to be thought that tortoises and turtles came from the underworld and they were commonly paired with such infernal beasts; see Τάρταρος (Tártaros). Or, from Latin tortus (“twisted”). The French-looking Modern English spelling tortoise may be influenced by porpoise. Displaced native Old English byrdling. Pronunciation: /ˈtɔɹ.təs/, /ˈtɔː.təs/, /ˈtɔːˌtɔɪs/ 1. Any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae (chiefly Canada, US) or the order Testudines (chiefly UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India), whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron). The animal can withdraw its head and four legs partially into the shell, providing some protection from predators. Example: The tortoise, with its characteristic protrusion of the head and neck, was a symbol sacred to Venus. It represented the procreative principle. 2. Synonym of cat (sense 11, a wheeled shelter)
Word: pen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English pen, penne (“enclosure for animals”), from Old English penn (“enclosure, fold, pen”), from Proto-Germanic *pennō, *pannijō (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pin. Sense “prison” originally figurative extension to “enclosure for persons” (1845), later influenced by penitentiary (“prison”), being analyzed as an abbreviation (1884). Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. An enclosure (enclosed area) used to contain domesticated animals, especially sheep or cattle. Example: There are two steers in the third pen. 2. A penitentiary, i.e. a state or federal prison for convicted felons. Labels: slang Example: They caught him with a stolen horse, and he wound up in the pen again. 3. The bullpen. Example: Two righties are up in the pen.
Word: pen Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”). Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. To enclose in a pen. Labels: transitive Example: Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve.
Word: pen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”, whence petition), root of *petra-, whence Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”, whence pterodactyl), and also of Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feþer, feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change. Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks. Example: He took notes with a pen. Example: another novel from the pen of everybody's fave thriller writer. 2. A writer, or their style. Labels: figuratively Example: He has a sharp pen. Example: those learned pens 3. Marks of ink left by a pen. Labels: colloquial Example: He's unhappy because he got pen on his new shirt. 4. A light pen. 5. The internal cartilage skeleton of a squid, shaped like a pen. Example: A pen is nothing more complex than a decalcified shell, so one mutation of the genes that controlled calcification could be all it took. 6. A feather, especially one of the flight feathers of a bird, angel etc. Labels: archaic, dialectal, poetic Example: And eke the pennes, that did his pineons bynd, Were like mayne-yards, with flying canuas lynd, With which whenas him liſt the ayre to beat […] 7. A wing. Labels: poetic Example: but feather'd soon and fledge They summed their pens, and soaring the air sublime 8. A syringe-like device for injecting a dose of medication such as insulin or epinephrine. (See Injector pen.) Example: "I'm sure she had more than one EpiPen […]" "But she didn't have one when she got stung or she'd have used it." By all appearances, Mariah died in the woods, […] If she managed to grab the pen found under her leg from her bag or pocket, she never discharged it. But Crystal doesn't have these details. "Doesn't it make sense that she kept an extra pen in her cupboard, and one in her bag? The extra pen fell out, is all." 9. Ellipsis of vapor pen (“electronic cigarette”). Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Example: a dab pen; a wax pen
Word: pen Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”, whence petition), root of *petra-, whence Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”, whence pterodactyl), and also of Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feþer, feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change. Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. To write (an article, a book, etc.). Labels: transitive Example: Prying open the crate, you discover a carefully wrapped, handwritten copy of one of Matriarch Dilinaga's treatises. It is unlikely she penned it herself, but the flowing brushwork and intricate watercolor illustrations clearly show the hand of a master scribe. Example: His two most recent films are last year's Greyhound, a Hanks-penned World War Two thriller in which he plays a naval commander, and now News of the World, a Western set in the years immediately following the close of the US Civil War, directed by Paul Greengrass, which is premiering around the world on Netflix tomorrow. 2. To write or draw on (a surface) with a pen. Labels: transitive, uncommon Example: I penned up the walls with obscenities Example: Beside it, another wooden table with a guestbook penned with names and addresses.
Word: pen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Origin uncertain. Compare hen. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. A female swan.
Word: pen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of penalty. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. Penalty. Labels: slang Example: England won 3-1 on pens.
Word: pen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of penetration. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. Penetration. Labels: informal
Word: pen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By incorrect analogy with man → men. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛn/, [ˈpʰɛn], /ˈpɪn/, [ˈpʰɪ̟n] 1. plural of pan Labels: form-of, humorous, plural, uncountable
Word: copper Part of Speech: adj Etymology: The noun is inherited from Middle English coper, copper (“copper ore; copper metal; bronze”), from Old English coper, copor (“copper”), from Late Latin cuprum (“copper”), a contraction of Latin aes Cyprium (literally “Cyprian brass or copper”), ultimately from Ancient Greek Κῠ́προς (Kŭ́pros, “Cyprus”) (a major source of copper during the Near East’s Bronze Age), from the name of a Northwest Semitic goddess from the root כ־ב־ר/ك ب ر (k b r) (“related to being big, large; great; or old”). Doublet of kobo. The adjective is from an attributive use of the noun. The verb is also derived from the noun. cognates * Dutch koper (“copper”) * German Kupfer (“copper”) * Icelandic kopar (“copper”) Pronunciation: /ˈkɒpə/, /ˈkɑpəɹ/, /ˈkɔpə/, /ˈkɒ-/ 1. Made of copper (etymology 1, noun sense 1). Example: Contrasting vividly with this ruin was the neat dresser, stained in the fashion, pale green, and with a number of copper and tin vessels below it, the wall-paper imitating blue and white tiles, and a couple of coolured supplements fluttering from the walls above the kitchen range. 2. Having the reddish-brown colour of copper. Example: All in a hot and copper sky, / The bloody Sun, at noon, / Right up above the mast did stand, / No bigger than the Moon. Example: Cold and terror had produced a chance in her complexion, which now wore a yellow, or sort of copper hue.
Word: copper Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is inherited from Middle English coper, copper (“copper ore; copper metal; bronze”), from Old English coper, copor (“copper”), from Late Latin cuprum (“copper”), a contraction of Latin aes Cyprium (literally “Cyprian brass or copper”), ultimately from Ancient Greek Κῠ́προς (Kŭ́pros, “Cyprus”) (a major source of copper during the Near East’s Bronze Age), from the name of a Northwest Semitic goddess from the root כ־ב־ר/ك ب ر (k b r) (“related to being big, large; great; or old”). Doublet of kobo. The adjective is from an attributive use of the noun. The verb is also derived from the noun. cognates * Dutch koper (“copper”) * German Kupfer (“copper”) * Icelandic kopar (“copper”) Pronunciation: /ˈkɒpə/, /ˈkɑpəɹ/, /ˈkɔpə/, /ˈkɒ-/ 1. To coat or sheathe (something) with copper (etymology 1, noun sense 1). Labels: transitive 2. To give (something) a colour by applying a copper salt. Labels: transitive 3. To give copper coins to (someone); to pay. Labels: dated, transitive 4. In the game of faro: to place a copper coin, or now usually a small disc or token, on (a playing card) to indicate that a player bets against that card. Labels: US, transitive 5. In the game of faro: to place a copper coin, or now usually a small disc or token, on (a playing card) to indicate that a player bets against that card. Labels: US, figuratively, transitive Example: [T]hey are going to take this whole Mississippi, and twist it around and make it run several miles up stream. […] [Y]ou have n't got to believe they can do such miracles, have you? And yet you ain't absolutely obliged to believe they can't. I reckon the safe way, where a man can afford it, is to copper the operation, and at the same time buy enough property in Vicksburg to square you up in case they win. Example: The dive is off. Better copper your bets while there's time.
Word: copper Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is probably derived from cop (“(informal, dated) to arrest or capture (someone)”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns), although cop is attested slightly later. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒpə/, /ˈkɑpəɹ/, /ˈkɔpə/, /ˈkɒ-/ 1. A police officer, especially one in uniform. Labels: Australia, UK, slang, transitive Example: If you're caught by a copper, it's his job to pinch you, isn't it? You can hold him up with a gun, but he's got to come on, even if he gets killed. […] It's not fair on the coppers either; they've got their duty to do, and it's dirty to kill a man for doing his job. Example: A uniformed copper came in. The chief jerked a thumb at MacSwain and said: "Take this baby down cellar and let the wrecking crew work on him before you lock him up." 2. Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: a private detective or a security guard. Labels: US, dated, historical, slang, transitive Example: I went to the phone and asked the girl to send the house copper [of the hotel] up. 3. An informer. Labels: Australia, UK, slang, transitive 4. An informer. Labels: Australia, UK, slang, transitive
Word: copper Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is probably derived from cop (“(informal, dated) to arrest or capture (someone)”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns), although cop is attested slightly later. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒpə/, /ˈkɑpəɹ/, /ˈkɔpə/, /ˈkɒ-/ 1. To inform on (someone) to the police; to nark. Labels: UK, slang, transitive 2. To arrest (someone). Labels: US, archaic, slang, transitive 3. To inform on someone to the police. Labels: UK, intransitive, slang, transitive Example: "It's no use your staying here, because I'm not going to copper anybody," said the woman truculently. "My lodgers are respectable people; they keep themselves to themselves, and I keep myself to myself.[…]"
Word: copper Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From cop (“ball of thread wound on to a spindle in a spinning machine”) + -er (suffix denoting things relating to the words to which the suffix is attached to). Pronunciation: /ˈkɒpə/, /ˈkɑpəɹ/, /ˈkɔpə/, /ˈkɒ-/ 1. A component of the cop (“conical ball of thread wound on to the spindle”) in a spinning machine. Labels: slang, transitive
Word: chair Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥-th₂der.? Proto-Hellenic *kətá Ancient Greek κατά (katá) Proto-Indo-European *sed-der. Proto-Indo-European *sedreh₂ Proto-Hellenic *hédrā Ancient Greek ἕδρα (hédra) Ancient Greek κᾰθέδρᾱ (kăthédrā)bor. Latin cathedrader. Old French chaierebor. Middle English chayere English chair From Middle English chayere, chayer, chayre, from Old French chaiere, chaere, from Latin cathedra (“seat”), from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”). Partially displaced native stool and settle, which now have more specialised senses. Doublet of cathedra and chaise. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɛə/, /t͡ʃɛː/, /t͡ʃeɾ/, /t͡ʃøː/, /t͡ʃɜː(ɹ)/ 1. An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs or wheels, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person. Example: All I need to weather a snowstorm is hot coffee, a warm fire, a good book and a comfortable chair. Example: I sat on my chair to have dinner. 2. Clipping of chairperson. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, often, with-definite-article Example: Under the rules of order adopted by the board, the chair may neither make nor second motions. Example: The Chair behaves himself like a Busby amongst so many school-boys[…]and takes a little too much on him. 3. The post or position of chairperson. Labels: usually, with-definite-article Example: The meeting began, with Mr Roberts in the chair. 4. The seating position of a particular musician in an orchestra. Example: My violin teacher used to play first chair with the Boston Pops. 5. A cast-iron component used on railways to support bullhead rails and secure them to the sleepers. Example: The wooden or steel keys used to secure bull-head rails in their chairs are usually driven in the direction of the traffic, so that the effects of rail-creep may be made use of to wedge the keys more firmly, rather than to encourage them to drop out. 6. One of two possible conformers of cyclohexane rings (the other being boat), shaped roughly like a chair. Labels: physical 7. Ellipsis of electric chair (“device used for performing execution”). Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis, informal Example: The court will show no mercy; if he gets convicted, it's the chair for him. Example: "It was me. And I'm glad, damned glad, I didn't croak him. With this slick guy after me, it would be me for the chair." 8. A distinguished professorship at a university. Example: In 1928 [Martin] Heidegger succeeded [Edmund] Husserl to take a chair at Freiburg […] 9. A vehicle for one person; either a sedan borne upon poles, or a two-wheeled carriage drawn by one horse; a gig. Example: Enter Mortimer, brought in a Chayre, and Iaylors. Example: She always leaves her Chair at the milliner's in the next Street. 10. The seat or office of a person in authority, such as a judge or bishop. 11. An assigned position in a beauty salon or barbershop. Example: Melinda has the best chair in the salon.
Word: chair Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥-th₂der.? Proto-Hellenic *kətá Ancient Greek κατά (katá) Proto-Indo-European *sed-der. Proto-Indo-European *sedreh₂ Proto-Hellenic *hédrā Ancient Greek ἕδρα (hédra) Ancient Greek κᾰθέδρᾱ (kăthédrā)bor. Latin cathedrader. Old French chaierebor. Middle English chayere English chair From Middle English chayere, chayer, chayre, from Old French chaiere, chaere, from Latin cathedra (“seat”), from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”). Partially displaced native stool and settle, which now have more specialised senses. Doublet of cathedra and chaise. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɛə/, /t͡ʃɛː/, /t͡ʃeɾ/, /t͡ʃøː/, /t͡ʃɜː(ɹ)/ 1. To act as chairperson at; to preside over. Labels: transitive Example: Bob will chair tomorrow's meeting. Example: Dama ben Netina, the gentile "Mayor" of first-century Ashkelon, was once chairing a meeting of the City Council. 2. To carry in a seated position upon one's shoulders, especially in celebration or victory. Labels: transitive Example: The time you won your town the race We chaired you through the marketplace. 3. To award a chair to (a winning poet) at a Welsh eisteddfod. Labels: UK, Wales, transitive Example: The poet was chaired at the national Eisteddfod.
Word: lilac Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *neyH-der.? Sanskrit नील॑ (nī́la)der. Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl) Classical Persian نِیل (nīl) Middle Persian 𐭪 (k /⁠-ak⁠/) Classical Persian ـَک (-ak) Classical Persian لِیلَک (līlak)bor. Arabic لِيلَك (līlak)bor. French lilacbor. English lilac From obsolete French lilac (now lilas), from Arabic لِيلَك (līlak). Pronunciation: /ˈlaɪlək/, /ˈlaɪlæk/, /ˈlaɪlɑk/ 1. A large shrub of the genus Syringa, especially Syringa vulgaris, bearing white, pale-pink, or purple flowers. Example: Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines. 2. A flower of the lilac shrub. Example: […] O death, I cover you over with roses and early lilies, / But mostly and now the lilac that blooms the first, / Copious I break, I break the sprigs from the bushes, / With loaded arms I come, pouring for you, / For you and the coffins all of you O death. 3. A pale purple color, the color of some lilac flowers. 4. A cat having a lilac-colored (pale brown) coat.
Word: lilac Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *neyH-der.? Sanskrit नील॑ (nī́la)der. Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl) Classical Persian نِیل (nīl) Middle Persian 𐭪 (k /⁠-ak⁠/) Classical Persian ـَک (-ak) Classical Persian لِیلَک (līlak)bor. Arabic لِيلَك (līlak)bor. French lilacbor. English lilac From obsolete French lilac (now lilas), from Arabic لِيلَك (līlak). Pronunciation: /ˈlaɪlək/, /ˈlaɪlæk/, /ˈlaɪlɑk/ 1. Having a pale purple colour. 2. Of a cat or its fur: having a pale brown colour, lighter than chocolate.
Word: salmon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English samoun, samon, saumon, from Anglo-Norman saumon, from Old French saumon, from Latin salmō, salmōn-. Widely displaced native Middle English lax, from Old English leax (whence modern dialectal lax). The unpronounced l was later inserted to make the word appear closer to its Latin root (compare words like debt, indict, receipt for the same spelling Latinizations). The verb sense “ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street” alludes to salmon swimming upstream against the flow of a river to spawn. Pronunciation: /ˈsæmən/, /ˈsælmən/, /ˈsɑmən/, /ˈsamən/, /ˈsalmən/ 1. One of several species of fish, typically of the Salmoninae subfamily, brownish above with silvery sides and delicate pinkish-orange flesh; they ascend rivers to spawn. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: grilled salmon Example: salmon paté 2. A meal or dish made from this fish. Labels: uncountable 3. A pale pinkish-orange colour, the colour of cooked salmon. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The upper bricks in a kiln which receive the least heat. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. snout (tobacco; from salmon and trout) Labels: Cockney, countable, slang, uncountable Example: Got any salmon? 6. canned fish, usually mackerel. Labels: Sri-Lanka, countable, uncountable Example: Tinned mackerel is confusingly called ‘salmon’ in Sri Lanka. So this dish, in Sinhalese, is salmon hodi, or salmon in gravy. Now that I think on it, all tinned fish in Sri Lanka is called salmon. Example: With a thick gravy made up of onions, tomatoes, spices, and coconut milk this Sri Lankan salmon curry might breathe new life to those canned mackerels on your shelf.
Word: salmon Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English samoun, samon, saumon, from Anglo-Norman saumon, from Old French saumon, from Latin salmō, salmōn-. Widely displaced native Middle English lax, from Old English leax (whence modern dialectal lax). The unpronounced l was later inserted to make the word appear closer to its Latin root (compare words like debt, indict, receipt for the same spelling Latinizations). The verb sense “ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street” alludes to salmon swimming upstream against the flow of a river to spawn. Pronunciation: /ˈsæmən/, /ˈsælmən/, /ˈsɑmən/, /ˈsamən/, /ˈsalmən/ 1. Having a pale pinkish-orange colour. Labels: not-comparable Example: Smiley and Guillam perched disconsolately beneath it, on a bench of salmon velvet.
Word: salmon Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English samoun, samon, saumon, from Anglo-Norman saumon, from Old French saumon, from Latin salmō, salmōn-. Widely displaced native Middle English lax, from Old English leax (whence modern dialectal lax). The unpronounced l was later inserted to make the word appear closer to its Latin root (compare words like debt, indict, receipt for the same spelling Latinizations). The verb sense “ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street” alludes to salmon swimming upstream against the flow of a river to spawn. Pronunciation: /ˈsæmən/, /ˈsælmən/, /ˈsɑmən/, /ˈsamən/, /ˈsalmən/ 1. To ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street. Labels: intransitive, slang Example: 2014: "Salmon, Don't Shoal: Learning The Lingo Of Safe Cycling" by Marc Silver, NPR Some cities discourage salmoning with clever signage, like this in London: "If you can read this you are biking the wrong way."
Word: ochre Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French ocre and its source Latin ōchra, from Ancient Greek ὤχρα (ṓkhra, “pale yellow”), from ὠχρός (ōkhrós, “pale, ocher”) (modern Greek ωχρός (ochrós)). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊkə/, /ˈoʊkɚ/ 1. A clay earth pigment containing silica, aluminum and ferric oxide. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A somewhat dark yellowish orange colour. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The stop codon sequence "UAA". Labels: colloquial, countable, uncountable 4. Money, especially gold. Labels: countable, dated, slang, uncountable Example: ‘What does he come here cheeking us for, then?’ cried Master Kidderminster, showing a very irascible temperament. ‘If you want to cheek us, pay your ochre at the doors and take it out.’ 5. Any of various brown-coloured hesperiid butterflies of the genus Trapezites. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: ochre Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Old French ocre and its source Latin ōchra, from Ancient Greek ὤχρα (ṓkhra, “pale yellow”), from ὠχρός (ōkhrós, “pale, ocher”) (modern Greek ωχρός (ochrós)). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊkə/, /ˈoʊkɚ/ 1. Having a yellow-orange colour. Labels: not-comparable 2. Referring to cultures that covered their dead with ochre. Labels: not-comparable
Word: ochre Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French ocre and its source Latin ōchra, from Ancient Greek ὤχρα (ṓkhra, “pale yellow”), from ὠχρός (ōkhrós, “pale, ocher”) (modern Greek ωχρός (ochrós)). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊkə/, /ˈoʊkɚ/ 1. To cover or tint with ochre. Example: […] his eye was caught by the sight of one child in a group of smaller children playing in the shallows some little distance down—a white child, so white by contrast with the others that at first he thought it must be ochred, which it could not be while playing in the water. Example: The sun gloats in the sky, casting a gleam on the pasture where there was so much umbering and ochreing only moments before.
Word: ochre Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From an unknown West African language, probably Igbo ọ́kụ̀rụ̀, but compare Akan ŋkrũmã and ŋkrakra (“broth”). 1. Obsolete spelling of okra. Labels: alt-of, countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: rose Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa. cognates and more remote and uncertain etymology The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian [script needed] (ward), Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /⁠gul⁠/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan). Pronunciation: /ɹəʊz/, [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥], /ɹoʊz/, [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥], /ɾoz/ 1. A shrub of the genus Rosa, with red, pink, white or yellow flowers. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A flower of the rose plant. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Iu. 'Tis but thy name that is my Enemy: Thou art thy ſelfe... What's in a name? That which we call a Roſe, By any other word would ſmell as ſweete... Example: 1794, Robert Burns, "A Red, Red Rose:" O my Luve's like a red, red rose That's newly sprung in june... 3. A plant or species in the rose family. (Rosaceae) Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Something resembling a rose flower, such as a compass rose. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A bouquet of circles. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. The rose flower, usually depicted with five petals, five barbs, and a circular seed. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A nontraditional tincture in Canadian heraldry, corresponding to pink. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A purplish-red or pink color, the color of some rose flowers. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A round nozzle for a sprinkling can or hose. Labels: countable, uncountable 10. The usually circular base of a light socket in the ceiling, from which the fitting or chandelier is suspended. Labels: countable, uncountable 11. Any of various large, red-bodied, papilionid butterflies of the genus Pachliopta. Labels: countable, uncountable 12. Any of various flower-like polar graphs of sinusoids or their squares. Labels: countable, uncountable 13. A graph with only one vertex. Labels: countable, uncountable 14. A fairy chess piece that can make knight moves in a circular path. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The rose moves like a knight, but can continue making knight moves so long as there’s a 45-degree rotation between each jump. […] I can’t help but wonder if a full team of roses could even play against each other. 15. A type of sex toy shaped like a rose. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Me after ignoring all bad reviews on a rose from Shein and it literally starts electrocuting my clih.
Word: rose Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa. cognates and more remote and uncertain etymology The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian [script needed] (ward), Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /⁠gul⁠/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan). Pronunciation: /ɹəʊz/, [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥], /ɹoʊz/, [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥], /ɾoz/ 1. To make rose-colored; to redden or flush. Labels: poetic, transitive Example: A maid yet rosed over with the virgin crimson of modesty. 2. To perfume, as with roses. Labels: poetic, transitive Example: the very nape of her white neck Was rosed with indignation
Word: rose Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa. cognates and more remote and uncertain etymology The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian [script needed] (ward), Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /⁠gul⁠/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan). Pronunciation: /ɹəʊz/, [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥], /ɹoʊz/, [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥], /ɾoz/ 1. Having a purplish-red or pink color; rosy. Labels: not-comparable
Word: rose Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. 1. simple past of rise Labels: form-of, past 2. past participle of rise Labels: colloquial, form-of, nonstandard, participle, past Example: Chidley-Mount, Som. on the other ſide of the Parret, oppoſite to Bridgewater, which is ſuppoſed to have roſe from its ruins. Example: Here the genius of agriculture seems to have rose above its dawn.
Word: rose Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French rosé (“pinkish”). 1. Alternative spelling of rosé. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: tin Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną. Pronunciation: /tɪn/, [tʰɪn] 1. A malleable, ductile, metallic element, resistant to corrosion, with atomic number 50 and symbol Sn. Labels: uncountable 2. Iron or steel sheet metal that is coated with tin as an anticorrosion protectant. Labels: countable, metonymically, uncountable Example: The roof was made of tin, which had been cut with tin snips. 3. An airtight container, made of tin-coated steel (called tinplate or tin), (formerly) tin, aluminium, or another metal, used to preserve food, or hold a liquid or some other product. Labels: Commonwealth, UK, countable Example: a tin of baked beans; a tobacco tin; a tin of shoe polish Example: Several tins of paint were needed to paint the house. 4. A metal pan used for baking, roasting, storing food, etc. Labels: countable Example: muffin tin Example: roasting tin 5. The bottom part of the front wall, which is "out" if a player strikes it with the ball. Labels: countable 6. money, especially silver money. Labels: dated, slang, uncountable Example: The father is a cotton lord, and they all have loads of tin, you know Example: When all your tin is gone and spent, / And you've not a mag for bread or rent 7. computer hardware. Labels: slang, uncountable
Word: tin Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną. Pronunciation: /tɪn/, [tʰɪn] 1. Made of tin. Labels: not-comparable 2. Made of galvanised iron or built of corrugated iron. Labels: not-comparable Example: [I]n fact he was a big noise, literally, in the Baptist Chapel, known locally as the Tin Tab[ernacle] - whereas my family were 'church' and Uncle Ezekiel was an infidel at that. 3. Made of aluminum. Labels: not-comparable
Word: tin Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną. Pronunciation: /tɪn/, [tʰɪn] 1. To place into a metal can (ie. a tin; be it tin, steel, aluminum) in order to preserve. Labels: transitive 2. To cover with tin. Labels: transitive 3. To coat with solder Labels: transitive 4. To coat with solder Labels: transitive
Word: chairperson Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥-th₂der.? Proto-Hellenic *kətá Ancient Greek κατά (katá) Proto-Indo-European *sed-der. Proto-Indo-European *sedreh₂ Proto-Hellenic *hédrā Ancient Greek ἕδρα (hédra) Ancient Greek κᾰθέδρᾱ (kăthédrā)bor. Latin cathedrader. Old French chaierebor. Middle English chayere English chair Latin persōna Anglo-Norman persouneder. Middle English persoun English person English -person English chairperson From chair + person, after chairman and chairwoman. 1. A chairman or chairwoman, someone who presides over a meeting, board, etc. Example: She was the chairperson of the board and she presided over the meeting.
Word: alloy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French alloy, aloy, from Old French aloi, from aloiier, from Latin alligō. Pronunciation: /ˈæ.lɔɪ/, /əˈlɔɪ/ 1. A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A metal of lesser value, mixed with a metal of greater value. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable Example: gold without alloy Example: Many of these coins are preserved at the British Museum, in London, and at the Ashmolean Museum, in Oxford, and are all of pure gold, without alloy, and in a good state of preservation. Boadicea, Queen of the Iceni, is also said to have[…] 3. An admixture; something added which stains, taints etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Metrodorus said that in sadnesse there is some aloy of pleasure. Example: The sole grievance and alloy thus removed in the prospect of Harriet’s welfare, she was really in danger of becoming too happy for security. 4. Fusion, marriage, combination. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: SETH KITANGE TELEVISION AND RADIO Upheaval at CBS. […] Bill Moyers, a CBS News commentator and special correspondent, expressed his dismay in an interview with Newsweek in which he said, “Television news has never been pure. It has always been an alloy of journalism and show business.”
Word: alloy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Modification of Middle English alayen after Etymology 1, from Middle French allayer, vairant of allier, from Old French allier (“assemble, join”), from Latin alligare (“bind to, tie to”), compound of ad (“to”) + ligare (“to bind”). Pronunciation: /əˈlɔɪ/, /ˈæ.lɔɪ/ 1. To mix or combine; often used of metals. 2. To reduce the purity of by mixing with a less valuable substance. Example: to alloy gold with silver or copper, or silver with copper 3. To impair or debase by mixture. Labels: figuratively Example: to alloy pleasure with misfortunes Example: In seasons of cheerfulness, no temper could be more cheerful than hers, or possess, in a greater degree, that sanguine expectation of happiness which is happiness itself. But in sorrow she must be equally carried away by her fancy, and as far beyond consolation as in pleasure she was beyond alloy.
Word: chainsaw Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compound of chain + saw in reference to the chain-cutting mechanism. Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɔː/, /ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɔ/, /ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɑ/ 1. A power saw that has a power-driven and fast-revolving chain of metal teeth, usually used to cut trees. Example: He used a chainsaw to cut through the fallen tree on the roadway.
Word: chainsaw Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Compound of chain + saw in reference to the chain-cutting mechanism. Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɔː/, /ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɔ/, /ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɑ/ 1. To cut with a chainsaw. Labels: transitive Example: She and Barber once stopped a developer from chainsawing mature trees on Mississauga Rd. by standing in front of them. 2. To make quick and substantial spending cuts. Labels: figuratively
Word: chain Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cheyne, chaine, from Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”), from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to braid, twist; hut, shed”). Doublet of catena. Displaced native Middle English rakil and rakent (from Old English racente (“chain”)); see rackan. Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃeɪn/ 1. A series of interconnected rings or links usually made of metal. Example: He wore a gold chain around the neck. Example: The anchor is connected to the boat with a 100-metre long chain. 2. A series of interconnected things. Example: a chain of mountains Example: a chain of ideas, one leading to the next 3. A series of stores or businesses with the same brand name. Example: That chain of restaurants is expanding into our town. 4. A number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule. Labels: physical Example: side chain Example: When examined, the molecular chain included oxygen and hydrogen. 5. A series of interconnected links of known length, used as a measuring device. 6. A long measuring tape. 7. A unit of length, exactly equal to 22 yards, which is 4 rods or 100 links, and approximately equal to 20.12 metres; the length of a Gunter's surveying chain; the length of a cricket pitch. Example: "But it's too far—must be a quarter of a mile—and I've a portmanteau to carry." […] "Garn!" shouted the guard. "Taint ten chain. […]" 8. A totally ordered set, especially a totally ordered subset of a poset. Example: We first find an approximation of the chain partition, i.e. a small but not minimum size set of chains which cover all elements of the poset. 9. A formal sum of cells in a CW complex of a certain dimension k (in which case the formal sums are called k'''-chains); a formal sum of simplices or cubes of a certain dimension in a simplical complex or cubical complex (respectively). 10. An element of a group (or module) in a chain complex. Labels: broadly 11. A sequence of linked house purchases, each of which is dependent on the preceding and succeeding purchase (said to be "broken" if a buyer or seller pulls out). Labels: UK 12. That which confines, fetters, or secures; a bond. Example: the chains of habit Example: Driven down / To chains of darkness and the undying worm. 13. Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels. Labels: in-plural 14. A livery collar, a chain of office. Example: And gainſt the General we will lift our ſwords And either lanch his greedie thirſting throat, Or take him priſoner, and his chaine ſhall ſerue For Manackles, till he be ranſom’d home. 15. The warp threads of a web.
Word: chain Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English cheyne, chaine, from Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”), from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to braid, twist; hut, shed”). Doublet of catena. Displaced native Middle English rakil and rakent (from Old English racente (“chain”)); see rackan. Pronunciation: /ˈt͡ʃeɪn/ 1. To fasten something with a chain. Labels: transitive Example: You should chain your bicycle to the railings to protect it from being stolen. 2. To connect as if with a chain, due to dependence, addiction, or other feelings Labels: figuratively Example: Sometimes I feel like I'm chained to this computer. Example: She's been chained to her principles since she was 18, it's unlikely you can convince her otherwise. 3. To link multiple items together. Labels: intransitive 4. To secure someone with fetters. Labels: transitive 5. To obstruct the mouth of a river etc with a chain. Labels: transitive 6. To obligate. Labels: figuratively Example: I miss when Game Of Thrones was wide open, but even then, the writers were chained to a narrative they didn’t yet know the ending of and feared straying too far from. 7. To relate data items with a chain of pointers. 8. To be chained to another data item. Example: You don’t need to maintain state, or partition execution into different objects that then you can chain together (one executes the other on completion — chained continuations). 9. To measure a distance using a 66-foot long chain, as in land surveying. Labels: transitive Example: As the line was surveyed - a sufficient length being first chained by a surveyor, who was followed by axemen - trees had to be felled and a certain width maintained, which was specified in the contract, for drays had to follow, and the trees might have fallen upon the line and broken it down at the very outset. 10. To load and automatically run (a program). Labels: rare, transitive Example: How do you get one program to chain another? I want to run DrawWorks2 then !Draw but as soon as you run Drawworks2 it finishes the batch file and doesn't go on to the next instruction! Is there a way without loading one of these automatic loaders? Example: You can do LOAD "" or CHAIN "" to load or chain the next program if I remember correctly (it's been a loooong time since I've used a tape on an Acorn!)
Word: turquoise Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French turquoise, from Old French (pierre) turquoise (“Turkish (stone)”), from turc + -ois. The stone, mined near Nishapur in the Khorasan region of Persia, was originally brought to Europe through Turkey. Doublet of Turkish. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪz/, /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪs/, /ˈtɜː(ɹ).kwɑːz/, /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪz/, /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪs/ 1. A sky-blue, greenish-blue, or greenish-gray semi-precious gemstone. Labels: countable Example: Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are […] . (Common gem materials not addressed in this article include amber, amethyst, chalcedony, garnet, lazurite, malachite, opals, peridot, rhodonite, spinel, tourmaline, turquoise and zircon.) 2. A pale greenish-blue colour, like that of the gemstone. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The half-dozen pieces […] were painted white and carved with festoons of flowers, birds and cupids. To display them the walls had been tinted a vivid blue which had now faded, but the carpet, which had evidently been stored and recently relaid, retained its original turquoise.
Word: turquoise Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French turquoise, from Old French (pierre) turquoise (“Turkish (stone)”), from turc + -ois. The stone, mined near Nishapur in the Khorasan region of Persia, was originally brought to Europe through Turkey. Doublet of Turkish. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪz/, /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪs/, /ˈtɜː(ɹ).kwɑːz/, /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪz/, /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪs/ 1. Made of turquoise (the gemstone). 2. Having a pale greenish-blue colour.
Word: sill Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sille, selle, sülle, from Old English syll, syl (“sill, threshold, foundation, base, basis”), from Proto-Germanic *sulī (“bar, sill”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *swel- (“beam, board, frame, threshold”). Cognate with Scots sil, sill (“balk, beam, floor, sill”), Dutch zulle (“sill”), Low German Sull, Sülle (“threshold, ramp, sill”), German Süll, Sülle (“threshold, sill”), Danish syld (“base of a framework building”), Swedish syll (“joist, cross-tie”), Norwegian syll, Icelandic syll, sylla (“sill”). Related also to German Schwelle ( > Danish svelle), Old Norse svill, Latin silva (“wood, forest”), Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē). Pronunciation: /sɪl/ 1. A breast wall; window breast; horizontal brink which forms the base of a window. Example: She looked out the window resting her elbows on the window sill. 2. A threshold; horizontal structural member of a building near ground level on a foundation or pilings, or lying on the ground, and bearing the upright portion of a frame; a sill plate. 3. A stratum of rock, especially an intrusive layer of igneous rock lying parallel to surrounding strata. Example: Minor palingenetic magmas probably were generated at this time and intruded the mantling rocks in the form of small sills and apophyses […]. Example: The molten rock in the sills may have ignited vast reserves of shallowly buried natural gas, much like a match applied to a gas barbecue. 4. A threshold or brink across the bottom of a canal lock for the gates to shut against. 5. A raised area at the base of the nasal aperture in the skull. Example: the nasal sill 6. The inner edge of the bottom of an embrasure. Labels: historical
Word: sill Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare sile. Pronunciation: /sɪl/ 1. A young herring. Labels: UK
Word: sill Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare thill. Pronunciation: /sɪl/ 1. The shaft or thill of a carriage.
Word: sill Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Short for silly. Pronunciation: /sɪl/ 1. Silly. Labels: rare, slang
Word: russet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English russet, from Anglo-Norman russet, rossat, roset, and Middle French rosset, rousset (“reddish, reddish-brown; a rough wool cloth”), from Middle French rous, rus (“to rouse”) + -et (diminutive suffix); compare Late Latin rossetum, russetum, russeta (“rough wool cloth”), Latin russus (“red”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)), Occitan rosseta (“rough wool cloth”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹʌsɪt/ 1. A reddish-brown color. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Rhacĭnus, ni; m. Plin[y] ex ῥάχινον, ob coloris ſimilitudinem. A fiſh of ruſſet colour. Example: Many of theſe [turf-bogs] are capable of being converted by induſtry into excellent ground, and, where they occupy not too great a proportion of the land, they compenſate for their ruſſet or ſable hues by the abundance of fuel which they yield. 2. A coarse, reddish-brown, homespun fabric; clothes made with such fabric. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Of the various kinds of woollens, the cheapest appear to be those which are known by the names of ‘bluett,’ ‘russet,’ and ‘blanket.’ […] The second appears to have been almost uniformly an inferior article; but the third is the cheapest of all. The first two terms point to the colour of the stuff, blanket being undyed stuff. It seems that sometimes russet is understood to be cloth made from black wool. 3. A variety of apple with rough, russet-colored skin. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Russet is the name of a group of apples with distinctive matt brown skin, often spotted or with a faint red flush, and of a flattened lopsided shape. The flesh is crisp and the apples keep well. The flavour is unusual and pearlike. Russets are used both for eating and for cooking. 4. A variety of potato with rough, dark gray-brown skin. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The cauſe of the curled diſease he attributes to potatoes being of late years produced from ſeed inſtead of roots as formerly. Such will not ſtand good more than two or three years, uſe what method you pleaſe. Laſt ſpring he ſet the old red and white ruſſets, and had not a curled potato amongſt them. Example: Potatoes come in so many different shapes, sizes, colors, and types that you need to choose the right potato for the job—dry fluffy russets for baking or gnocchi, waxy reds for potato salads, buttery yellow Sieglinde and blue heirlooms for colorful mashes, French fingerlings to steam for fancy dinners.