nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: tort Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English tort (“(uncountable) wrong; (countable) an injury, a wrong”), from Old French tort (“misdeed, wrong”) (modern French tort (“an error, wrong; a fault”)), from Medieval Latin tortum (“injustice, wrong”), a noun use of a neuter singular participle form of Latin tortus (“crooked; twisted”), the perfect passive participle of torqueō (“to bend or twist awry, distort”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to spin; to turn”). Cognates * Galician torto (“(adjective) bent; crooked; twisted; (noun, archaic) harm, offence; injustice, wrong, tort”) * Italian torto (“(adjective) bent; crooked; twisted; (noun, archaic) injustice, wrong”) * Norwegian Bokmål tort (dated, now only in fixed expressions) * Norwegian Nynorsk tort (dated, now only in fixed expressions) * Occitan tort * Old French tort (modern French tort) * Portuguese torto (“(adjective) bent; crooked; twisted; (noun, archaic) harm, offence; injustice, wrong”) * Spanish tuerto (“injury, offence”) Pronunciation: /tɔːt/, /tɔɹt/ 1. A wrongful act, whether intentional or negligent, regarded as non-criminal and unrelated to a contract, which causes an injury and can be remedied in civil court, usually through the awarding of damages. Example: […] Wrong or Iniury, is in French aptly called Tort, becauſe Iniury & wrong is wreſted or crooked, being contrary to that which is right and ſtreight. […] And Britton ſaith that Tort a la ley eſt contrarye [a wrong to the law is contrary], and as aptly for the cauſe aforeſaid is iniury in English called wrong. Example: Personal actions are ſuch vvhereby a man claims a debt, or perſonal duty, or damages in lieu thereof; and likevviſe vvhereby a man claims a ſatisfaction in damages for ſome injury done to his perſon or property. The former are ſaid to be founded on contracts, the latter upon torts or vvrongs: […] of the latter all actions for treſpaſſes, nuſances, aſſaults, defamatory vvords, and the like. 2. An injury or wrong. Labels: obsolete Example: Then gan triumphant Trompets ſovvnd on hye, / That ſent to heuen the ecchoed report / Of their nevv ioy, and happie victory / Gainſt him, that had them long oppreſt with tort, / And faſt impriſoned in ſieged fort. Example: For no vvild beaſts ſhould do them any torte / There or abroad, ne vvould his maieſtye / Vſe them but vvell, vvith gracious clemencye, / As vvhome he knevv to him both faſt and true; […]
Word: tort Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English tort, torte (“contorted, crooked; twisted”), from Old French tort, torte (“crooked; twisted”), or from its etymon Latin tortus (“crooked; twisted”): see further at etymology 1. Pronunciation: /tɔːt/, /tɔɹt/ 1. Twisted. Labels: obsolete Example: And the firſt that came and gaue them moſt comfort was Henry Erle of Lãcaſter with yͤ wrie neck, called Tort coll [torticollis], who was brother to Thomas Erle of Lãcaſter yͭ was behedded, as ye haue heard before, who was a right vertuous & good knight as after ye ſhal here.
Word: tort Part of Speech: adj Etymology: A variant of tart. Pronunciation: /tɔːt/, /tɔɹt/ 1. Synonym of tart (“sharp- or sour-tasting; (figuratively) keen, severe, sharp”) Labels: UK, dialectal
Word: tort Part of Speech: adj Etymology: A variant of taut. Pronunciation: /tɔːt/, /tɔɹt/ 1. Synonym of taut (“stretched tight; under tension”). Labels: UK, dialectal, obsolete Example: Yet holds he them with tortest rein, / That they may seize and entertain / The glance that to their glance opposes, / Like fiery honey sucked from roses. 2. Of a boat: watertight. Labels: UK, dialectal, obsolete
Word: tort Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of tortoise. Pronunciation: /tɔːt/, /tɔɹt/ 1. Clipping of tortoise. Labels: UK, abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, dialectal, obsolete, slang
Word: tort Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of tortoiseshell. Pronunciation: /tɔːt/, /tɔɹt/ 1. Clipping of tortoiseshell (“a domestic cat, guinea pig, rabbit, or other animal whose fur has black, brown, and yellow markings; a tortie”). Labels: UK, abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, dialectal, obsolete, slang
Word: defendant Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English defendaunt (“defending; defending in a suit”), borrowed from Old French defendant, present participle of defendre, from Latin dēfendere. Pronunciation: /dɪˈfɛnd.ənt/ 1. Serving, or suitable, for defense; defensive, defending. Example: Thus comes the English with full power upon us; And more than carefully it us concerns To answer royally in our defences. Therefore the Dukes of Berri and of Bretagne, Of Brabant and of Orleans, shall make forth, And you, Prince Dauphin, with all swift dispatch, To line and new repair our towns of war With men of courage and with means defendant;
Word: defendant Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English defendaunt (“defendant in a suit; defender”), borrowed from Old French defendant, nominalisation of defendant; see above. Pronunciation: /dɪˈfɛnd.ənt/ 1. In civil proceedings, the party responding to the complaint; one who is sued and called upon to make satisfaction for a wrong complained of by another. Example: 404(b)—including a series of domestic abuse incidents defendant perpetrated against victim, a PFA against defendant by victim, and other third-party PFAs entered against defendant to protect other women—as well as evidence from[…] 2. In criminal proceedings, the accused. Example: Unintended mathwashing occurs when the algorithm is left unchecked, and, learning from historical data, amplifies social bias. The U.S. justice system uses an algorithm called COMPAS to determine a criminal's likelihood to re-offend. COMPAS has been proven by Pro Publica to predict that black defendants will have higher rates of recidivism than they actually do, while white defendants are predicted to have lower rates than they actually do.
Word: civil law Part of Speech: noun 1. The body of law dealing with the private relations between members of a community; Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A legal system primarily based on a legal code, which commonly derives from the Corpus Juris Civilis. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The Supreme Court of Canada is a bijural court that deals with both Quebec civil law and the common law used in the rest of the country.
Word: plaintiff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English plaintif, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French plaintif (“complaining”; as a noun, “one who complains, a plaintiff”) from the verb plaindre. Doublet of plaintive. Pronunciation: /ˈpleɪntɪf/ 1. A party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant; accuser. Labels: UK, historical
Word: okapi Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Mvuba okapi. Pronunciation: /ə(ʊ)ˈkɑːpi/, /oʊˈkɑpi/, /əʊˈkɑːpi/ 1. A ruminant (Okapia johnstoni) found in the rainforests of the Congo, related to the giraffe but with a much shorter neck, a reddish-brown coat, and zebra-like stripes on the hindquarters. Example: [page 498, column 1] [I]n leading them [African Pygmies] back to the forests where they dwelt, I obtained much information from them on the subject of the horse-like animal which they called the "Okapi." […] [page 499, column 1] The coloration of the Okapi is quite extraordinary. […] The hind quarters, hind and fore legs are either snowy white or pale cream color, touched here and there with orange. They are boldly marked, however, with purple-black stripes and splodges, which give that zebra-like appearance to the limbs of the Okapi that caused the first imperfect account of it to indicate the discovery of a new striped horse. Example: Personally I esteem it a more fascinating and a more important task to investigate the relations of the Okapi with the Giraffe on the one hand, and its fossil relatives on the other.
Word: class Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French classe, from Latin classis (“a class or division of the people, assembly of people, the whole body of citizens called to arms, the army, the fleet, later a class or division in general”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, shout”). Doublet of clas and classis. Pronunciation: /klɑːs/, /klæs/, /klas/, /kleəs/, /klɑ(ː)s/ 1. To assign to a class; to classify. Labels: transitive Example: I would class this with most of the other mediocre works of the period. Example: She was a fat, round little woman, richly apparelled in velvet and lace, […]; and the way she laughed, cackling like a hen, the way she talked to the waiters and the maid,[…]—all these unexpected phenomena impelled one to hysterical mirth, and made one class her with such immortally ludicrous types as Ally Sloper, the Widow Twankey, or Miss Moucher. 2. To be grouped or classed. Labels: intransitive Example: the genus or family under which it classes 3. To divide into classes, as students; to form into, or place in, a class or classes. Labels: transitive
Word: class Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French classe, from Latin classis (“a class or division of the people, assembly of people, the whole body of citizens called to arms, the army, the fleet, later a class or division in general”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, shout”). Doublet of clas and classis. Pronunciation: /klɑːs/, /klæs/, /klas/, /kleəs/, /klɑ(ː)s/ 1. great; fabulous Labels: Geordie, Ireland, not-comparable, slang Example: To talented authors Tim Ash and Brian Reich for introducing me to John Wiley & Sons—a truly class outfit.
Word: phylum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin phylum, from Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon, “tribe, race”). Pronunciation: /ˈfaɪləm/ 1. A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank Example: Mammals belong to the phylum Chordata. Example: While biologists are perpetually finding new species, they can almost always fit the organism into one of the existing taxonomic pigeonholes by which scientists classify life forms. The discovery of an organism so unusual that it needs its own phylum is an extremely rare event. 2. A large division of possibly related languages, or a major language family which is not subordinate to another.
Word: taxonomy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French taxonomie. By surface analysis, taxo- + -nomy. Pronunciation: /tækˈsɒn.ə.mi/, /tækˈsɑ.nə.mi/, /tækˈsɔn.ə.mi/, /tɛkˈsɒn.ə.mi/, [tɛkˈsɔ̟n.ə.mi] 1. The science, technique, or process used to make a classification. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Holonym: ontology (relational rather than solely hierarchical) 2. A classification; especially, a classification in a hierarchical system. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: At the petabyte scale, information is not a matter of simple three- and four-dimensional taxonomy and order but of dimensionally agnostic statistics. Example: Very little exists in the annals of the interwebs about Tostitos Hint of Lime. Many nights I’ve sucked down crusty mossed fingertips and typed away in a green-out (like a blackout, but from eating too much Tostitos Hint of Lime), searching for a like-minded fanclub, historical taxonomy, or even a press release. 3. The science of finding, describing, classifying and naming organisms. Labels: uncountable
Word: genus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os Proto-Italic *genos Latin genusbor. English genus Borrowed from Latin genus (“birth, origin, a race, sort, kind”) from the root gen- in Latin gignō (“to beget, produce”). Doublet of gender and genre, further related to kin. Pronunciation: /ˈdʒiːnəs/, /ˈdʒɛnəs/, /ˈd͡ʒiːnəs/ 1. A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species. Example: All magnolias belong to the genus Magnolia. Example: Other species of the genus Bos are often called cattle or wild cattle. 2. A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species. Example: In most cases, at subsequent mentions of the binomial name you can abbreviate the genus with no danger of confusing the reader. 3. A group with common attributes. Example: Recollection is one of a whole genus of effects which are more or less peculiar to the phenomena that we naturally call "mental." 4. A natural number representing any of several related measures of the complexity of a given manifold or graph. 5. Within a definition, a broader category of the defined concept. 6. A type of tuning or intonation, used within an Ancient Greek tetrachord.
Word: Aves Part of Speech: name 1. A surname
Word: Aves Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of Ave Labels: form-of, plural
Word: negligence Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English necligence, negligence, from Old French negligence, from Latin neglegentia. Pronunciation: /ˈnɛɡlɪd͡ʒəns/ 1. The state of being negligent. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: negligence while driving Example: The Woodwalton signalman, Rose, who was severely censured in Captain Tyler's report, behaved with great negligence. 2. The tort whereby a duty of reasonable care was breached, causing damage: any conduct short of intentional or reckless action that falls below the legal standard for preventing unreasonable injury. Labels: singular, singular-only, uncountable, usually 3. The breach of a duty of care: the failure to exercise a standard of care that a reasonable person would have in a similar situation. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: Jehovah's Witnesses Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Jehovah, the personal name of God in the Hebrew Scriptures; the name was adopted in 1931 and inspired by the Biblical verse of Isaiah 43:10: You are my witnesses. Pronunciation: /d͡ʒəˈhoʊ.vəz ˈwɪt.nə.sɪz/, /d͡ʒəˈhəʊ.vəz ˈwɪt.nə.sɪz/ 1. A monotheistic and nontrinitarian Restoration Christian denomination founded by Charles Taze Russell in 1879 as a small Bible study group. Example: .
Word: Jehovah's Witnesses Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Jehovah, the personal name of God in the Hebrew Scriptures; the name was adopted in 1931 and inspired by the Biblical verse of Isaiah 43:10: You are my witnesses. Pronunciation: /d͡ʒəˈhoʊ.vəz ˈwɪt.nə.sɪz/, /d͡ʒəˈhəʊ.vəz ˈwɪt.nə.sɪz/ 1. plural of Jehovah's Witness Labels: form-of, plural
Word: standard of care Part of Speech: noun 1. In tort law, the degree of caution that a reasonable person should exercise in a given situation so as to avoid causing injury.
Word: reasonable person Part of Speech: noun 1. A fictional person used as a comparative legal standard to represent an average member of society and how he or she would behave or think, especially in determining negligence; sometimes formulated as "a person of ordinary prudence exercising due care in like circumstances." 2. Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see reasonable, person.
Word: burden of proof Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Calque of Latin onus probandi. 1. The duty of a party in a legal proceeding to prove an assertion of fact; it includes both the burden of production and the burden of persuasion; the onus probandi. 2. The obligation of the person making a claim in a dispute to provide sufficient evidence for their position.
Word: gakuran Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 学ラン (gakuran). 1. The military-style school uniform for male students in most Japanese middle schools and high schools, usually in either black or navy.
Word: burden of production Part of Speech: noun 1. The duty upon a party in a legal proceeding to introduce enough evidence relating to an assertion of fact to have the issue be considered by the fact-finder rather than summarily dismissed or decided; part of the burden of proof.
Word: burden of persuasion Part of Speech: noun 1. The duty upon a party in a legal proceeding to persuade the fact-finder to decide for that party on an assertion of fact; part of the burden of proof, sometimes loosely used as synonym for that term.
Word: fact-finder Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of factfinder. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: helium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin helium, from Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) (because its presence was first theorised in the Sun's atmosphere) with the suffix + -ium. Probably coined by Norman Lockyer. This suffix is unusual, because it is usually used only for metallic elements. It is likely that Lockyer, being an astronomer, was unaware of the usual chemical conventions. Pronunciation: /ˈhiː.li.əm/ 1. The second-lightest chemical element (symbol He), with an atomic number of 2 and atomic weight of 4.002602, a colorless, odorless and inert noble gas. Labels: uncountable Example: It was an enormous balloon filled with helium, that elemental gas forged from hydrogen in the nuclear furnace of the stars. 2. A form or sample of the element. Labels: countable
Word: milk Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English milk, mylk, melk, mulc, from Old English meolc, meoluc (“milk”), from Proto-West Germanic *meluk (“milk”), from Proto-Germanic *meluks (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“milk, to milk”). Cognates Cognate with West Frisian molke (“milk”), Dutch melk (“milk”), Dutch Low Saxon melk (“milk”), German Milch (“milk”), German Low German Melk (“milk”), Yiddish מילך (milkh, “milk”), Danish mælk (“milk”), Faroese and Icelandic mjólk (“milk”), Norn *mjølk (“milk”), Norwegian Bokmål melk, mjølk (“milk”), Norwegian Nynorsk mjølk (“milk”), Swedish mjölk (“milk”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 (miluks, “milk”), Greek αμέλγω (amélgo, “to milk”), Albanian mjel (“to milk”), Latvian malks, Lithuanian malkas, Belarusian малако́ (malakó, “milk”), Bulgarian мля́ко (mljáko, “milk”), Czech mléko, Macedonian мле́ко (mléko, “milk”), Polish mleko (“milk”), Russian and Ukrainian молоко́ (molokó, “milk”), Serbo-Croatian mlijéko (“milk”), Slovak mlieko (“milk”), Slovene mlẹ́ko (“milk”), Welsh blith, Tocharian A malke. Pronunciation: /mɪlk/, [mɛlk], [milk] 1. A white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals to nourish their young. From certain animals, especially cows, it is also called dairy milk and is a common food for humans as a beverage or used to produce various dairy products such as butter, cheese, and yogurt. Labels: uncountable Example: Skyr is a product made of curdled milk. Example: 2007 September 24, Chris Horseman (interviewee), Emily Harris (reporter), “Global Dairy Demand Drives Up Prices”, Morning Edition, National Public Radio […] there's going to be that much less milk available to cover any other uses. Which means whether it's liquid milk or whether it's [milk that's been turned into] cheese or yogurt, the price gets pulled up right across the board. 2. A white (or whitish) liquid obtained from a vegetable source such as almonds, coconuts, oats, rice, or soy beans. Labels: broadly, uncountable Example: Where it does fall down, however, is its nutritional value. While oats are largely a healthy grain to include in your diet, the milk is highly diluted with water, giving it little nutritional value. Example: For environmentally minded consumers, the news is hard to swallow: almond milk is not healthy for the planet and the popular milk substitute is especially hard on bees. 3. An individual serving of milk. Labels: countable, informal Example: Table three ordered three milks. 4. An individual portion of milk, such as found in a creamer, for tea and coffee. Labels: countable, invariable Example: I take my tea with two milks and two sugars. Example: I take my tea with two milk and two sugar. 5. The ripe, undischarged spat of an oyster. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Semen. Labels: slang, uncountable, vulgar
Word: milk Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English milken, from Old English melcan, from Proto-Germanic *melkaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-, the same root as the noun. Compare Dutch and German melken, Danish malke, Norwegian mjølke, also Latin mulgeō (“to milk”), Ancient Greek ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “to milk”), Albanian mjel (“to milk”), Russian молоко́ (molokó), Lithuanian mélžti, Tocharian A mālk-. Pronunciation: /mɪlk/, [mɛlk], [milk] 1. To express milk from (a mammal, especially a cow). Labels: transitive Example: The farmer milked his cows. Example: I haue giuen Sucke, and know / How tender 'tis to loue the Babe that milkes me[…] 2. To draw (milk) from the breasts or udder. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: to milk wholesome milk from healthy cows 3. To secrete (milk) from the breasts or udder. Labels: intransitive, rare, transitive Example: The black cow milking white milk, black hen on the nest laying white eggs. 4. To express a liquid from a creature. Labels: transitive Example: The Australian government has a team that regularly milks various snakes for venom to use creating serums and antivenoms. Example: He captures animals for zoos around the world... and milks cobra snakes for their venom. 5. To make excessive use of (a particular point in speech or writing, a source of funds, etc.); to exploit; to take advantage of (something). Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: When the audience began laughing, the comedian milked the joke for more laughs. Example: July 21, 1877, "The Block in the Courts" in The Spectator They [the lawyers] milk an unfortunate estate as regularly as a dairyman does his stock. 6. To give off small gas bubbles during the final part of the charging operation. 7. To masturbate a male to ejaculation, especially for the amusement or satisfaction of the masturbator rather than the person masturbated. Labels: transitive, vulgar Example: Controlled milking can actually establish and consolidate a mistress’s dominance over her sub rather than diminish it. Example: “No, no, no! When a male is in chas-ti-ty,” (Clive always drew out this word and also slavery, emphasizing every syllable to give it extra importance) “he should receive regular milking to maintain good hygiene.” (Yet more kinky behavior cloaked as healthy living.) “Milking helps flush out the toxins which accumulate within the prostate gland of a chaste male.”
Word: criminal law Part of Speech: noun 1. The area of law pertaining to crime and punishment. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A specific statute, ordinance, regulation, or other source of law that deems an action to be a crime. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: gross national product Part of Speech: noun 1. The total market value of all the goods and services produced by a nation (citizens of a country, whether living at home or abroad) during a specified period. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Within the two years from 1956 to 1958 the increase of expenditures was 34 per cent in terms of dollar outlays and 28 per cent in terms of the portion of gross national product spent on higher education. Example: Gross domestic product refers to the value of all goods and services produced within the country's boundaries, gross national product also includes net income from investments abroad.
Word: flight Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *plew- Proto-Indo-European *plewk- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *pléwketi Proto-Germanic *fleuganą Proto-West Germanic *fleugan Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Germanic *-þiz Proto-West Germanic *-þi Proto-West Germanic *fluhti Old English flyht Middle English flight English flight From Middle English flight, from Old English flyht (“flight”), from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti (“flight”), derived from *fleuganą (“to fly”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”), enlargement of *plew- (“flow”). Analyzable as fly + -t (variant of -th). Cognate with West Frisian flecht (“flight”), Dutch vlucht (“flight”), German Flucht (“flight”) (etymology 2). Pronunciation: /ˈflaɪ̯t/, [ˈflaɪ̯t], /ˈflɐɪ̯t/, [ˈflɐɪ̯t], /ˈflʌɪ̯t/ 1. Fast, swift, fleet. Labels: obsolete
Word: flight Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *plew- Proto-Indo-European *plewk- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *pléwketi Proto-Germanic *fleuganą Proto-West Germanic *fleugan Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Germanic *-þiz Proto-West Germanic *-þi Proto-West Germanic *fluhti Old English flyht Middle English flight English flight From Middle English flight, from Old English flyht (“flight”), from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti (“flight”), derived from *fleuganą (“to fly”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”), enlargement of *plew- (“flow”). Analyzable as fly + -t (variant of -th). Cognate with West Frisian flecht (“flight”), Dutch vlucht (“flight”), German Flucht (“flight”) (etymology 2). Pronunciation: /ˈflaɪ̯t/, [ˈflaɪ̯t], /ˈflɐɪ̯t/, [ˈflɐɪ̯t], /ˈflʌɪ̯t/ 1. To throw the ball in such a way that it has more airtime and more spin than usual. 2. To throw or kick something so as to send it flying with more loft or airtime than usual. Labels: broadly, transitive Example: Riyad Mahrez flighted the free-kick that followed to the far post and Morgan, with not much finesse but plenty of desire, bundled the ball over the line. Cue pandemonium in the stands.
Word: flight Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English, from Old English flyht, from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti, derived from *fleuhaną (“to flee”). Analyzable as flee + -t (variant of -th). Cognate with Dutch vlucht, German Flucht (etymology 1). Pronunciation: /ˈflaɪ̯t/, [ˈflaɪ̯t], /ˈflɐɪ̯t/, [ˈflɐɪ̯t], /ˈflʌɪ̯t/ 1. The act of fleeing. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: take flight Example: the flight of a refugee
Word: feather Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English fethere, from Old English feþer, from Proto-West Germanic *feþru, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). Cognate with West Frisian fear (“feather”), Cimbrian bèdara, fòdara (“pillowcase”), vèdara (“feather”), Dutch veder, veer (“feather”), German Feder (“feather”), German Low German Fedder (“feather”), Luxembourgish Fieder (“feather”), Vilamovian faoder (“feather”), Yiddish פֿעדער (feder, “feather”), Danish fjeder, fjer (“feather”), Faroese fjøður (“feather”), Icelandic fjöður (“feather”), Norwegian Bokmål fjær, fjør (“feather”), Norwegian Nynorsk fjøder, fjør (“feather”), Swedish fjäder (“feather”). Also Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai, “to fly”), Albanian shpend (“bird”), Latin penna (“feather”), Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”). The sense correlated with splines and keys (noun sense 4) probably reflects analogy with the fletching sense (noun sense 3). Pronunciation: /ˈfɛðə/, /ˈfɛvə/, /ˈfeðə/, [ˈfeðə] ~ [ˈfe̞ðə], [ˈfe̝ðə] ~ [ˈfɪðə] 1. A branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds, used for flight, swimming, protection and display. Example: Notice, too, that the shaft is not straight, but bent so that the upper surface of the feather is convex, and the lower concave. Example: Big fellows they were, all of them, their barbaric headdresses and grotesquely painted faces, together with their many metal ornaments and gorgeously coloured feathers, adding to their wild, fierce appearance. 2. Long hair on the lower legs of a dog or horse, especially a draft horse, notably the Clydesdale breed. Narrowly only the rear hair. 3. One of the fins or wings on the shaft of an arrow. 4. A longitudinal strip projecting from an object to strengthen it, or to enter a channel in another object and thereby prevent displacement sideways or rotationally but permit motion lengthwise. Example: Near-synonym: spline 5. Kind; nature; species (from the proverbial phrase "birds of a feather"). Example: I am not of that feather to shake off / My friend when he must need me. 6. One of the two shims of the three-piece stone-splitting tool known as plug and feather or plug and feathers; the feathers are placed in a borehole and then a wedge is driven between them, causing the stone to split. 7. The angular adjustment of an oar or paddle-wheel float, with reference to a horizontal axis, as it leaves or enters the water. 8. Anything petty or trifling; a whit or jot. Example: To some pew purchasers he gave deeds, to others he gave, none, but both were promised security, and both it seems were equally secure, for the pew deed as Mr. Melledge declared to Mr. G. was not worth a feather. 9. Partridges and pheasants, as opposed to rabbits and hares (called fur). Labels: in-plural 10. A junction indicator attached to a colour-light signal at an angle, which lights up, typically with four white lights in a row, when a diverging route is set up. Example: Signal M123 is a conventional 3-aspect colour light with three Junction Indicators - commonly known as 'feathers'. 11. A faint edge.
Word: orthodontist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English orthodontic Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English orthodontist From orthodontic + -ist. Pronunciation: /ˌɔː(ɹ)θəˈdɒntɪst/ 1. An orthodontic dentist.
Word: seconde Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French. 1. The second defensive position, with the sword hand held at waist height, with the hand held in a prone position and the tip of the sword below the level of the guard.
Word: chaos Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂-der. Ancient Greek χαῦνος (khaûnos) Ancient Greek χάος (kháos)lbor. English chaos Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “vast chasm, void”). Doublet of gas, which was borrowed through Dutch. Displaced native Old English dwolma. In Early Modern English, used in the sense of the original Greek word. In the meaning “primordial matter” from the 16th century. Figurative usage in the sense “confusion, disorder” from the 17th century. The technical sense in mathematics and science dates from the 1960s. Pronunciation: /ˈkeɪɒs/, /ˈkeɪˌɑs/, /ˈkæɪ.ɔs/, [ˈkæɪ.ɔ̟s], /ˈkeɔs/ 1. The unordered state of matter in classical accounts of cosmogony. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. Any state of disorder; a confused or amorphous mixture or conglomeration. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: to descend into chaos Example: After the earthquake, the local hospital was in chaos 3. A behaviour of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time. Labels: uncountable, usually 4. One of the two metaphysical forces of the world in some fantasy settings, as opposed to law. Labels: uncountable, usually 5. A vast chasm or abyss. Labels: obsolete, uncountable, usually 6. A given medium; a space in which something exists or lives; an environment. Labels: obsolete, rare, uncountable, usually Example: What is in the centre of the earth, or is it pure element only, as Ariſtotle decrees inhabited as Paracelſus thinks with creatures, whoſe Chaos is the earth with Fairies, as the woods and waters according to him, are with Nymphes or as the ayre with ſpirits.
Word: chaos theory Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From chaos + theory. Pronunciation: /ˌkeɪɒs ˈθɪəɹi/, /ˌkeɪˌɑs ˈθiəɹi/, /-ˈθɪɹi/ 1. The study of chaos or disorder in systems, specifically iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time, and where within apparent randomness there are underlying patterns; (countable) one of such theories. Labels: uncountable Example: Theoretical and numerical modelling research promises to bring us tantalizingly close to deterministic climate prediction in the near future, while proponents of "chaos" theories hint that prediction may be an illusive dream. Example: [David] Warsh gives three diverse examples spread throughout our century and indicating the broad nature of this punctuational challenge to gradualism (he might have supplied many more, including catastrophe and chaos theories in mathematics, and [Michel] Foucault's notions of social and intellectual change): […]
Word: at sign Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈæt.saɪn/ 1. The symbol @, used to indicate a rate. Example: 15 items @ $10 2. The symbol @, used in e-mail addresses to separate the user name from the domain name.
Word: commercial at Part of Speech: noun 1. Synonym of at sign.
Word: ampersand Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A mondegreen of and per se and, ⟨&⟩ being read as “and”. Letters used by themselves were formerly mentioned according to this pattern, as in “O per se O” for the particle O or “I per se I” for the pronoun I. “And per se and” thus meant ⟨&⟩ by itself, as opposed to forms such as &c. The specific form ampersand is first attested in 1795, originally as a mocking pronunciation spelling, but this name for the symbol is attested since 1777 (as ampuse and), when it is already called common (see quotations). Pronunciation: /ˈæm.pə(ɹ).sænd/, /ˈæmp.ə(ɹ)ˌzænd/ 1. The symbol "&". Example: The ampersand character in many logics acts as an operator connecting two propositions. Example: The Letter commonly called Ipse and and ampuse and viz &. is a corruption of a per se and: spoken very quick; they used formerly it seems to put a single Greek α, for a contraction of and, & so this was a per se and.
Word: ampersand Part of Speech: verb Etymology: A mondegreen of and per se and, ⟨&⟩ being read as “and”. Letters used by themselves were formerly mentioned according to this pattern, as in “O per se O” for the particle O or “I per se I” for the pronoun I. “And per se and” thus meant ⟨&⟩ by itself, as opposed to forms such as &c. The specific form ampersand is first attested in 1795, originally as a mocking pronunciation spelling, but this name for the symbol is attested since 1777 (as ampuse and), when it is already called common (see quotations). Pronunciation: /ˈæm.pə(ɹ).sænd/, /ˈæmp.ə(ɹ)ˌzænd/ 1. To add an ampersand to. Labels: rare, transitive
Word: nymphomania Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin, from Latin nympha + -mania. By surface analysis, nympho- + mania. Pronunciation: /nɪmfəˈmeɪnɪə/ 1. Excess of sexual behaviour or desire in women. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Camphor, however, has been used to counteract the conditions arising from nymphomania.
Word: carbon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”). By surface analysis, carbo- + -on. Pronunciation: /ˈkɑɹ.bən/, /ˈkɑːbən/ 1. The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material. Labels: uncountable Example: All life as we know it has carbon as the backbone of many of its molecules; carbon’s tetravalence gives it special importance in biochemical molecular bonds. Example: Carbon is the most common element in our bodies—indeed, in all living things on earth. 2. An atom of this element, in reference to a molecule containing it. Labels: countable Example: A methane molecule is made up of a single carbon with four hydrogens. 3. A sheet of carbon paper. Labels: countable, informal Example: He stepped back and opened his bag and took out a printed pad of D.O.A. forms and began to write over a carbon. 4. A carbon copy. Labels: countable, informal Example: Please provide me with a carbon of your form. Example: Press firmly: you are making a carbon. 5. A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Soot. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Every morning she cleaned the carbon from the lamp chimneys. 7. Soot. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: When you overhaul an engine, you need to remove the carbon from around the valve seats. The carbon buildup can be extensive. 8. Ellipsis of carbon dioxide. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis, uncountable Example: carbon neutral Example: carbon capture 9. A carbon rod or pencil used in an arc lamp. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: To trim an arc lamp, first remove the old carbons and carefully and thoroughly wipe the carbon rods, holders, &c. with a clean, dry rag. 10. A plate or piece of carbon used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery. Labels: countable, uncountable 11. Ellipsis of carbon fiber (reinforced polymer). Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, ellipsis, informal, uncountable Example: carbon bike frame
Word: carbon Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”). By surface analysis, carbo- + -on. Pronunciation: /ˈkɑɹ.bən/, /ˈkɑːbən/ 1. To send a carbon copy of an email message to. Labels: Internet, transitive, uncommon Example: When I send it, I’ll carbon Julia so she’s aware.
Word: carbon paper Part of Speech: noun 1. Paper with one of the faces impregnated with carbon, used to make carbon copies. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: carbon copy Part of Speech: noun 1. A copy produced in an alternated stack of ordinary sheets of paper and carbon papers. The pressure applied on the top sheet (by a pen or typewriter) causes every carbon paper to release its carbon cover, thus reproducing the writing on the subjacent layers of paper. Example: In preparing the contract, we'll make a carbon copy for our records. 2. A duplicate or lookalike. Labels: broadly Example: This new home is simply a carbon copy of the one down the street. Example: Now, I’m not saying Hollie [Ford] is Alix [Earle]’s carbon copy, but the visual similarities—namely the blonde hair and blue eyes—are absolutely there[.] 3. A duplicate copy of an email. Labels: Internet
Word: carbon copy Part of Speech: verb 1. To create a carbon copy of. Labels: transitive Example: Please carbon copy this contract for our records. 2. To send a duplicate copy of an email to. Labels: Internet
Word: hyphen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin hyphen, from Ancient Greek ῠ̔φέν (hŭphén, “in one, as a single word”), univerbation of ῠ̔φ’ ἕν (hŭph’ hén, “under one”), from ῠ̔πο- (hŭpo-, “under”) + ἕν (hén, “one”), neuter of εἷς (heîs, “one”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪ̯.f(ə̯)n̩/, /ˈhaɪ̯.fən/, /ˈhʌɪ̯.fən/, /ˈhɑe̯.fən/, /ˈhʌi̯.fən/ 1. The symbol "‐", typically used to join two or more words to form a compound term, or to indicate that a word has been split at the end of a line. Example: As the proud owner of my very own hyphen in a lovingly crafted surname, I have an especial soft spot for this most confusing of punctuation marks. 2. Something which links two things of greater significance than itself. Labels: figuratively Example: Cunliffe and Karunanayake (2013) developed Fine's notion to introduce potential hyphen spaces that are deeply implicated and reciprocally influential in relationships between researchers and the researched. 3. Something which links two things of greater significance than itself. Labels: figuratively Example: The hyphens were added, joining the structures into one building, which now measures just over two hundred feet long. Example: Construction details for the hyphens, or "connecting wings" as they were called by the contractors, were included in the contractors' specifications, as follows: 4. Someone who belongs to a marginalized subgroup, and can therefore described by a hyphenated term, such as "German-American", "female-academic", etc. Example: Tab has been kept on quite a number of members who rapturously applauded when that part of the message in which the hyphens were attacked was read by the President. Example: Sign language interpreters fascinate me because their cultural space, "working the hyphens" as Michelle Fine (1994) would call it, and performing in the kind of hybrid third space that Homi Bhabha (1994) has written about resonates often with my own "hard-of-hearing" doubly hyphenated existence in both deaf and hearing worlds.
Word: hyphen Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin hyphen, from Ancient Greek ῠ̔φέν (hŭphén, “in one, as a single word”), univerbation of ῠ̔φ’ ἕν (hŭph’ hén, “under one”), from ῠ̔πο- (hŭpo-, “under”) + ἕν (hén, “one”), neuter of εἷς (heîs, “one”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪ̯.f(ə̯)n̩/, /ˈhaɪ̯.fən/, /ˈhʌɪ̯.fən/, /ˈhɑe̯.fən/, /ˈhʌi̯.fən/ 1. To separate or punctuate with a hyphen; to hyphenate. Labels: dated, transitive
Word: hyphen Part of Speech: conj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin hyphen, from Ancient Greek ῠ̔φέν (hŭphén, “in one, as a single word”), univerbation of ῠ̔φ’ ἕν (hŭph’ hén, “under one”), from ῠ̔πο- (hŭpo-, “under”) + ἕν (hén, “one”), neuter of εἷς (heîs, “one”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪ̯.f(ə̯)n̩/, /ˈhaɪ̯.fən/, /ˈhʌɪ̯.fən/, /ˈhɑe̯.fən/, /ˈhʌi̯.fən/ 1. Used to emphasize the coordinating function usually indicated by the punctuation "-". Example: You are sitting at the wrong table, if I may be so bold, among the misguided who believe in the mass murder of mentalities, otherwise known as the liberal arts hyphen vocational training hyphen education. Example: Ax was now a Hollywood hyphenated man. An actor hyphen director hyphen writer.
Word: asterisk Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr Proto-Hellenic *astḗr Ancient Greek ᾰ̓στήρ (ăstḗr) Proto-Indo-European *-iskos Ancient Greek -ῐ́σκος (-ĭ́skos) Ancient Greek ἀστερῐ́σκος (asterĭ́skos)bor. Late Latin asteriscusder. Middle English asterisk English asterisk The noun is derived from Middle English asterisk [and other forms], from Late Latin asteriscus (“asterisk; small star”), from Ancient Greek ἀστερῐ́σκος (asterĭ́skos, “asterisk; small star”), from ᾰ̓στήρ (ăstḗr, “celestial body (star, planet, and other lights in the sky such as meteors)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- (“to burn; to glow”)) + -ῐ́σκος (-ĭ́skos, diminutive suffix). Doublet of asteriscus and piecewise doublet of starrish. Noun sense 1.1.2 (“something which is of little importance or which is marginal”) refers to the use of an asterisk to denote a footnote or marginal note in a text; in other words, information that is not important enough to be incorporated into the main text. Noun sense 1.1.3 (“blemish in an otherwise outstanding achievement”) refers to the use of an asterisk in a sporting record to indicate that the record is qualified in some manner (for example, that the sportsperson was found to have taken performance-enhancing drugs at the time). The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈæstəɹɪsk/, /ˈæstɹɪsk/, /ˈastəɹɪsk/, /ˈastɹɪsk/, /ˈastəɾɪsk/ 1. To mark or replace (text, etc.) with an asterisk symbol (*; noun sense 1.1); to star. Labels: transitive Example: Bank of New Zealand Estates Company Share Account now stands, as we have already seen, at £1,089,722 17s. 7d., a reduction of £760,177 2s. 5d. having been effected by the writing off of share capital. But from the point of view of its intrinsic value, the item has still to be dealt with, being asterisked in the balance sheet as follows: […] Example: She was determined to make the most of the trip, extracting some cultural capital from the emotional waste, and so read carefully through the Venice guidebooks she had brought, underlining the must-dos and asterisking the should-dos.
Word: semicolon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sēmi Latin sēmi-bor. English semi- English colon English semicolon From semi- + colon. Pronunciation: /ˌsɛmiˈkəʊlən/, /-ˈkəʊlɒn/, /ˈsɛmikoʊlən/ 1. The punctuation mark ;. Example: The use of the semicolon has remained contentious and subject to fashion.
Word: paragraph Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English paragraf, from Middle French paragraphe from Latin paragraphus (“sign for start of a new section of discourse”), from Ancient Greek παράγραφος (parágraphos), from παρά (pará, “beside”) and γράφω (gráphō, “to write”). Doublet of paragraphos. Pronunciation: /ˈpæɹəɡɹɑːf/, /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/, /ˈpɛɹəɡɹæf/, /ˈpaɹəɡɹaf/, /ˈpaɾəɡɾaf/ 1. A passage in text that starts on a new line, the first line sometimes being indented, and usually marks a change of topic. Example: opening paragraph Example: final paragraph 2. A mark or note set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, such as a change of subject. 3. A brief article, notice, or announcement, as in a newspaper. Example: Much of its earliest foreign news came direct from the minister, and not seldom in his own hand. Louis XIII. took a keen, perhaps a somewhat childish, interest in the progress of the infant Gazette, and was a frequent contributor, now and then taking his little paragraphs to the printing office himself, and seeing them put into type. 4. An offset of 16 bytes in Intel memory architectures.
Word: paragraph Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English paragraf, from Middle French paragraphe from Latin paragraphus (“sign for start of a new section of discourse”), from Ancient Greek παράγραφος (parágraphos), from παρά (pará, “beside”) and γράφω (gráphō, “to write”). Doublet of paragraphos. Pronunciation: /ˈpæɹəɡɹɑːf/, /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/, /ˈpɛɹəɡɹæf/, /ˈpaɹəɡɹaf/, /ˈpaɾəɡɾaf/ 1. To sort text into paragraphs. Labels: transitive 2. To publish a brief article, notice, or announcement, as in a newspaper. Labels: transitive
Word: hectometre Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From hecto- + metre. Pronunciation: /ˈhɛktəʊˌmiːtə/, /ˈhɛktəˌmitɚ/, /hɛkˈtɑmɪtɚ/ 1. An SI unit of length equal to 100 metres. Symbol: hm
Word: centimetre Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French centimètre; equivalent to centi- + metre. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛn.tɪ.miː.tə/, /ˈsɑ̃.-/, /ˈsɒn.-/ 1. An SI unit of length equal to 10⁻² metres. Symbol: cm Example: Holonyms: decimetre < metre < kilometre < megametre < gigametre < terametre < petametre Example: Meronyms: picometre < nanometre < micrometre < millimetre
Word: millimetre Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French millimètre, equivalent to milli- + metre. 1. An SI/MKS unit of measure, the length of ¹⁄₁₀₀₀ of a metre. Symbol: mm Example: Holonyms: centimetre < decimetre < metre < kilometre < megametre < gigametre < terametre < petametre Example: Meronyms: picometre < nanometre < micrometre
Word: decimetre Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French décimètre. By surface analysis, deci- + metre. Pronunciation: /ˈdɛsɪmiːtəɹ/ 1. An SI unit of length equal to 10⁻¹ metres. Symbol: dm Example: Holonyms: metre < kilometre < megametre < gigametre < terametre < petametre Example: Meronyms: picometre < nanometre < micrometre < millimetre < centimetre
Word: metric system Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From metric + system, from French métrique. See also meter. Pronunciation: /ˈmɛtɹɪk ˌsɪstəm/ 1. The system of units developed in France in the 1790s and now used worldwide. 2. The modern version of that system, Système International d'Unités (International System of Units), or SI that is based on the base units of the meter/metre, the kilogram, the second, the ampere, the kelvin, the mole, and the candela. Example: see Appendix on SI Units 3. Any variant of that system that was not codified as SI, such as cgs.
Word: NFL Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /ɛn ɛf ɛl/ 1. Initialism of National Football League. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism Example: Amanda Gorman, the nation’s first-ever youth poet laureate who gained national acclaim at President Joe Biden’s inauguration, will recite an original poem before Super Bowl LV, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell announced on Wednesday. Example: The NFL and ESPN announced a deal Tuesday that will see the league’s NFL Network and other media assets headed to the cable television giant in exchange for a 10% equity stake in the Disney-owned company. 2. Initialism of Newfoundland and Labrador. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism