nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: czar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin Caesarbor. Proto-Germanic *kaisarazder. Proto-Slavic *cěsařь Old East Slavic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ) Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ) Russian царь (carʹ)bor. English czar See tsar. The spelling czar, the older spelling in English, comes from the book Notes on Muscovite Affairs (1549) by Sigismund von Herberstein. It was supplanted by the alternative tsar in the 19th century. Pronunciation: /zɑː(ɹ)/, /t͡sɑː(ɹ)/, /t͡ʃɑːɹ/ 1. Alternative spelling of tsar (especially common in American English) Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: Note therfore that Czar in the Ruthens tounge signifieth a kynge, wheras in the language of the Slauons, Pollons, Bohemes, and other, the same woorde Czar, signifieth Cesar by whiche name Themperours haue byn commonly cauled. Example: To understand Russia, you have to dive deep into its history — boyars and czars, Pushkin and Pasternak, Stalin and Stalingrad. 2. An appointed official tasked to regulate or oversee a specific area. Labels: Philippine, US, informal Example: drug czar Example: cyberczar
Word: tsar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin Caesarbor. Proto-Germanic *kaisarazder. Proto-Slavic *cěsařь Old East Slavic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ) Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ) Russian царь (carʹ)bor. English tsar Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of Caesar and Kaiser. The spelling tsar began to replace the older czar in the nineteenth century. Compare Byzantine Greek Τζαῖσαρ (Tzaîsar). Pronunciation: /(t)sɑː/, /zɑː/, /(t)sɑɹ/, /zɑɹ/, /zɐː/ 1. An emperor of Russia (1547 to 1917) and of some South Slavic states. Labels: historical Example: [W]hy, in the name of common sense, should the English call the Czar (tsar) of Russia razc? Example: I vuz never beink too krazy about any of dose tsari. 2. A person with great power; an autocrat. Labels: figuratively Example: Chin Chien-shih, an old poor peasant of Korean nationality, said: "The wolfish ambition of the new tsars is exactly the same as that of the old tsars. The Soviet revisionist renegade clique is struggling desperately in the hope of saving itself from doom, but this will only bring on its destruction more quickly."
Word: tzar Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of tsar. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: antagonist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin antagonista, from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs, “opponent”) (ἀντί (antí, “against”) + ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs, “a combatant, pleader, actor”)), from ἀνταγωνίζομαι (antagōnízomai, “to antagonize”). Pronunciation: /ænˈtæɡənɪst/, [ɛə̯nˈtæɡənɪst] 1. An opponent or enemy. Example: our antagonists in these controversies Example: Antagonist of Heav’ns Almightie King 2. One who antagonizes or stirs. 3. A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of other agonist chemicals, such as endogenous chemical messengers. Example: 2001: The calcium antagonists represent one of the top ten classes of prescription drugs in terms of commercial value, with worldwide sales of nearly $10 billion in 1999. — Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford 2001, p. 41) 4. The main character or force opposing the protagonist in a literary work or drama. Example: So God forbid I'm seen just as an average human being / I mean, imagine if antagonists lacked any evil scheme 5. A muscle that acts in opposition to another. Example: A flexor, which bends a part, is the antagonist of an extensor, which extends it.
Word: DMZ Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈdiːˌɛmˌziː/, /ˈdiːˌɛmˌzɛd/ 1. Abbreviation of demilitarized zone. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of 2. Initialism of dorsal marginal zone. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: ghetto Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from the name of the Venetian Ghetto, whose etymology and original source language is uncertain. Compare Italian ghetto. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɛ.təʊ/, /ˈɡɛ.toʊ/, [ˈɡɛɾoʊ̯] 1. An (often walled) area of a city in which Jews are concentrated by force and law. (Used particularly of areas in medieval Italy and in Nazi-controlled Europe.) Example: The Venetian ghetto, according to Sennett, was to provide protection from the unclean bodies of the Jews and their sullying touch. The Roman ghetto, on the other hand, was planned as an area for mission. It was supposed to collect the Jews in one place, so that it would be easier to convert them. Example: […] concentrating the Jewish community into ghettoes. The Germans not only started the ghettoes, but they had also opened a concentration camp […] 2. An (often impoverished) area of a city inhabited predominantly by members of a specific nationality, ethnicity, or race. Example: Charlestown would also become one of Boston's three large Irish ghettoes. Example: By 1960 the growth and development of Chicago's black areas of residence confirmed the existence of the city's second ghetto. 3. An area in which people who are distinguished by sharing something other than ethnicity concentrate or are concentrated. Example: Counterhegemonic spaces imagined as bounded territories ensure that heteronormativity is fixed beyond the borders of the gay ghetto. The rural and suburban lives of lesbian and gay people are made invisible and signified as inauthentic. Example: The student ghetto, southwest of the centre, is inside the triangle formed by [three streets] and is full of open-air bars, internet cafés, fast-food shops — and students. 4. An isolated, self-contained, segregated subsection, area or field of interest; often of minority or specialist interest. Labels: derogatory, figuratively, sometimes Example: Abraham Merritt wrote for the pulps and never in his lifetime achieved critical success. Yet he had a devoted following in the science fiction ghetto who admired the clarity of his style and his power to evoke moods. Example: Invent is undoubtedly the wrong word, but the push from government was crucial in getting the Internet out of its academic ghetto.
Word: ghetto Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from the name of the Venetian Ghetto, whose etymology and original source language is uncertain. Compare Italian ghetto. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɛ.təʊ/, /ˈɡɛ.toʊ/, [ˈɡɛɾoʊ̯] 1. Of or relating to a ghetto or to ghettos in general. Example: Those residing in ghetto communities were particularly ill equipped to adapt to the seismic changes taking place in the U.S. economy; they were left isolated and jobless. 2. Unseemly and indecorous or of low quality; cheap; shabby, crude. Labels: informal, slang Example: My apartment's so ghetto, the rats and cockroaches filed a complaint with the city! Example: I like to drive ghetto cars; if they break down you can just abandon them and pick up a new one! 3. Characteristic of the style, speech, or behavior of residents of a predominantly black or other ghetto in the United States. Labels: US, derogatory, informal, offensive, often Example: The music I liked was very ghetto and gritty. It was the stuff that didn't really cross over much, but spoke to a roots black experience. People don't understand this now, but the falsetto, crying singers were the most ghetto back then. Example: You're the one that grew up in the suburbs and you act way more ghetto than I do.” “I am not ghetto.” Val said in an English accent and broke out laughing. 4. Having been raised in a ghetto in the United States.
Word: ghetto Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from the name of the Venetian Ghetto, whose etymology and original source language is uncertain. Compare Italian ghetto. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɛ.təʊ/, /ˈɡɛ.toʊ/, [ˈɡɛɾoʊ̯] 1. To confine (a specified group of people) to a ghetto. Labels: transitive Example: This is, in brief, a part of the story of the ghettoing of a large segment of Denver's Negro population. Example: All African states practised racist policies. In the 1950s and 1960s, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia expelled more than a quarter of a million Jews and ghettoed the few thousand who remained. In the 1960s the United Republic of Tanzania expelled its Arabs or deprived them of equal rights.
Word: saber Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈseɪ.bɚ/, /ˈseɪ.bə/ 1. US standard spelling of sabre. Labels: US, alt-of, standard 2. Clipping of lightsaber Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping
Word: saber Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈseɪ.bɚ/, /ˈseɪ.bə/ 1. US standard spelling of sabre. Labels: US, alt-of, standard
Word: exoreic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French exorrhéisme (“drainage reaching the sea”). Compare exo- from Ancient Greek ἔξω (éxō, “outer; external”), and -ic (“pertaining to”). 1. Running or draining to the sea. Labels: not-comparable
Word: pare Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English paren, from Old French parer (“to arrange, prepare, trim”), from Latin parō (“to prepare, arrange; to provide, furnish; to resolve, purpose”) (related to pariō (“to bear, to give birth to; to spawn, produce, beget; to procure, acquire”)), from a Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to bring forward, bring forth”). Pronunciation: /pɛə/, /pɛɹ/, /peː/, /ˈpeə/, /ˈpiə/ 1. To remove the outer covering or skin of something with a cutting device, typically a knife. Labels: transitive Example: Victor pared some apples in preparation to make a tart. 2. To reduce, diminish or trim gradually something as if by cutting off. Labels: transitive Example: Albert had to pare his options down by disregarding anything beyond his meager budget. Example: Also referring to the deeds of certain Border Ruffians, he said, rapidly paring away his speech, like an experienced soldier, keeping a reserve of force and meaning, “They had a perfect right to be hung.” 3. To trim the hoof of a horse. 4. To sharpen a pencil. Labels: Ireland, slang
Word: flèche Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French flèche. Compare fletch. Pronunciation: /flɛʃ/, /fleɪʃ/ 1. An arrow. Labels: obsolete 2. Any of the twenty-four points on a backgammon board. 3. A spire or steeple, especially of Gothic style; an object emerging from the ridge of a roof. 4. An earthwork consisting of two berms forming an angle with an open gorge. 5. A method of attack with a sword (foil or épée) in which the attacker's back leg crosses in front of the front leg in the offensive move.
Word: flèche Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French flèche. Compare fletch. Pronunciation: /flɛʃ/, /fleɪʃ/ 1. To attack using the flèche method.
Word: Drenthe Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Dutch Drenthe, see below. Pronunciation: /ˈdɹɛntə/ 1. A province in the northeastern Netherlands with Assen as capital and Emmen as largest city.
Word: Flevoland Part of Speech: name Etymology: Etymology tree Latin Flēvō Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-om Proto-Germanic *landą Frankish *land Old Dutch lant Middle Dutch lant Dutch land Dutch Flevolandbor. English Flevoland Borrowed from Dutch Flevoland. By surface analysis, Flevo- + -land. 1. A province of the Netherlands.
Word: Friesland Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Middle English Frīsland, from Old English Frīsland (“Frisia”). Pronunciation: /ˈfɹiːzlənd/, /fɹiːzlænd/ 1. A province of the Netherlands. 2. A district of Lower Saxony, Germany.
Word: sunroof Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥der. Proto-Germanic *sunnô Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ Proto-West Germanic *sunnā Old English sunne Middle English sonne English sun English roof English sunroof From sun + roof. Pronunciation: /ˈsʌnˌɹuːf/ 1. A fixed or operable opening in a vehicle roof (car or truck) which allows fresh air and/or light to enter the passenger compartment. A sunroof may include a transparent or opaque panel and may be manually operated or power driven.
Word: EEPROM Part of Speech: noun 1. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory.
Word: UV-EPROM Part of Speech: noun 1. ultraviolet-erasable programmable read-only memory
Word: UV Part of Speech: adj 1. Abbreviation of ultraviolet. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, not-comparable Example: Chemical ingredients — such as avobenzone, oxybenzone and homosalate — absorb the UV rays. Both types of sunscreen can degrade or wash off over time, so it’s important to reapply every two hours, and more frequently if you’re swimming or sweating.
Word: UV Part of Speech: noun 1. Abbreviation of ultraviolet. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, uncountable 2. Abbreviation of utility vehicle. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, uncountable 3. The axes of a two-dimensional texture, as opposed to those (X, Y, Z) of the three-dimensional model to which it is applied. Labels: attributive, countable, uncountable Example: UV mapping; UV coordinates; UV texturing
Word: UAE Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /juː eɪ ˈiː/ 1. Initialism of unrecoverable application error (the standard Microsoft Windows error message in Win16) Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism, obsolete
Word: UAE Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /juː eɪ ˈiː/ 1. Initialism of the United Arab Emirates: a country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism Example: Kuwait immediately put its small forces on alert (although it did not request US help). The UAE, whose offshore oil rigs Baghdad had attacked during the Iran-Iraq war, followed suit on July 22, but they also asked us to send aerial tankers and participate in a joint military exercise. Example: US-Gulf relations have improved significantly since Trump returned to office. Frustrated at the perceived lack of US interest in their needs under the Biden administration, Saudi Arabia and the UAE had sought to diversify their military, technological and economic ties. 2. Initialism of Unix Amiga emulator, software to emulate the Commodore Amiga computer. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: apricot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Alteration of apricock (with influence from French abricot), itself an alteration of abrecock (with influence from Latin apricum (“sunny place”)), from dialectal Catalan abrecoc, abricoc, variants of standard albercoc, from Arabic الْبَرْقُوق (al-barqūq, “plums”), from Byzantine Greek βερικοκκία (berikokkía, “apricot tree”), from Ancient Greek πραικόκιον (praikókion), from Late Latin (persica) praecocia (literally “(peaches) which ripen early”), (mālum) praecoquum (literally “(apple) which ripens early”). Doublet of precocious. Pronunciation: /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/, /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɑt/, /ˈæp.ɹɪ.kɑt/, /æepɹɪˈkɒt/, /æepɹɪˈkɔt/ 1. A round sweet and juicy stone fruit, resembling peach or plum in taste, with a yellow-orange flesh, lightly fuzzy skin and a large seed inside. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: pickled apricots 2. The apricot tree, Prunus armeniaca. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A pale yellow-orange colour, like that of an apricot fruit. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A dog with an orange-coloured coat. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. The junction of the brain and brain stem on a target, used as an aiming point to ensure a one-shot kill. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Seven hundred and seventy-eight yards, though I didn't know the exact measurement at the time, plus the fact that the bullet ripped through the victim's apricot tipped me to the fact that we were probably dealing with an experienced sniper. Example: I'd aim right for the apricot. The medulla. You'd die instantly. 6. A testicle. Labels: Australia, UK, countable, dated, plural-normally, slang, uncountable Example: Hot water has always made my apricots sag. Example: Maybe before I die they'll have some sort of mechanical cock and balls because all of the steroids that I used, ^([sic]) put my apricots and kielbasa out of commission.
Word: apricot Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Alteration of apricock (with influence from French abricot), itself an alteration of abrecock (with influence from Latin apricum (“sunny place”)), from dialectal Catalan abrecoc, abricoc, variants of standard albercoc, from Arabic الْبَرْقُوق (al-barqūq, “plums”), from Byzantine Greek βερικοκκία (berikokkía, “apricot tree”), from Ancient Greek πραικόκιον (praikókion), from Late Latin (persica) praecocia (literally “(peaches) which ripen early”), (mālum) praecoquum (literally “(apple) which ripens early”). Doublet of precocious. Pronunciation: /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/, /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɑt/, /ˈæp.ɹɪ.kɑt/, /æepɹɪˈkɒt/, /æepɹɪˈkɔt/ 1. Of a pale yellowish-orange colour, like that of an apricot.
Word: souvenir Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French souvenir (literally “memory”). Compare memento. Pronunciation: /ˌsuː.vəˈnɪə/, /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/, /ˌsu.vəˈnɪɹ/, /ˌsoʊ.vəˈnɪ.ə/ 1. An item of sentimental value, that is given or kept to remember an event or location. Example: Back then, nobody knew in the schoolyard / Now then, you have grown up to be this hard / Go then, walk through this world with your heart scarred / You're the souvenir of sadness Example: The tourists stuck to the safe confines of the gift shop, where they bought souvenir combs, shot glasses, oversize pencils, and blocks of cedar painted with rhyming poems and shellacked to a high gloss.
Word: souvenir Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French souvenir (literally “memory”). Compare memento. Pronunciation: /ˌsuː.vəˈnɪə/, /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/, /ˌsu.vəˈnɪɹ/, /ˌsoʊ.vəˈnɪ.ə/ 1. To take (something) as a souvenir, especially illicitly, for example during wartime. Labels: transitive Example: "Doubletime up to the ville and souvenir me one cute orphan, man, but be sure you get a dirty one, a really skuzzy one." Example: The word is they're waiting for some blokes who had gone off souveniring before the order was announced.
Word: magazine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Arabic خَزَنَ (ḵazana)der. Arabic مَخْزَن (maḵzan) Arabic مَخَازِن (maḵāzin)bor. Italian magazzinoder. Middle French magasinder. Middle English magasyne English magazine From Middle English magasyne, from Middle French magasin (“warehouse, store”), from Italian magazzino (“storehouse”), ultimately from Arabic مَخَازِن pl (maḵāzin), plural of مَخْزَن (maḵzan, “storeroom, storehouse”), noun of place from خَزَنَ (ḵazana, “to store, to stock, to lay up”). First attested in the 1580s. Pronunciation: /ˌmæɡəˈziːn/, [ˌmæɡəˈzɪi̯n], /ˈmæɡəˌziːn/, [ˈmæɡəˌzɪi̯n], /ˌmeɪ̯ɡəˈziːn/ 1. A nonacademic, periodical publication which consists of articles by multiple writers on some broad topic or theme. 2. A nonacademic, periodical publication which consists of articles by multiple writers on some broad topic or theme. Example: After several months' delay, The Emerald City, New York's hour-long gay television show, is on the air. In magazine format, the show offers interviews, gay news and commentary, visits to New York's entertainment spots and gay shows, and a bit of camping from George Sardi. 3. An ammunition storehouse. Example: He all thir Ammunition / And feats of War defeats / With plain Heroic magnitude of mind / And celeſtial vigour arm’d, / Thir Armories and Magazins contemns, / Renders them uſeleſs, while / With winged expedition / Swift as the lightning glance he executes / His errand on the wicked, who ſurpris’d / Loſe thir defence diſtracted and amaz’d. 4. An ammunition storehouse. Example: The cruiser blew up when a shell hit its magazine. Example: Juneau was making good time with the other surviving U.S. Navy ships, despite her damage, when the I-26 spotted her and sent a salvo of Type 95 torpedoes in her direction. Passing between the Helena and San Francisco, some indication being they had actually been shot at the San Francisco and gone long because San Francisco was travelling significantly slower than expected, they nonetheless hit Juneau and detonated the ship's magazine. 5. A chamber in or attachable to a firearm enabling multiple rounds of ammunition to be fed into the firearm. 6. A reservoir or supply chamber for a stove, battery, camera, typesetting machine, or other apparatus. 7. A country or district especially rich in natural products. Labels: archaic 8. A city viewed as a marketing center. Labels: archaic 9. A store, or shop, where goods are kept for sale. Labels: Louisiana 10. A collection of Teletext pages. Labels: Ireland, UK, historical Example: Most teletext "magazines" contain about 100 pages of information, typically including news headlines, weather reports, sports scores, video games, and stock prices. Example: The operator is able to build Teletext magazines of, typically, 100 pages per magazine, specify transmission times […] 11. An informal industrial area containing workshops for auto repairs, fitting, welding and spare parts sale. Example: At Magazine, thousands of artisans including fitters, welders and spare parts dealers work under harsh conditions.
Word: mug Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Early 16th century (originally Scots and northern English, denoting "earthenware, pot, jug"), of unknown origin, perhaps from North Germanic (compare Swedish mugg (“mug, jug”), Norwegian mugge (“pitcher, open can for warm drinks”), Danish mugge), or Low German mokke, mukke (“mug”), German Low German Muck (“drinking cup”), Dutch mok (“mug”), also of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Old English muga (“stack”) and Old Norse múgr (“mass, heap (of corn)”). Compare also Middle English mug, mog (“a measure of salt”). Pronunciation: /mʌɡ/, /mɐɡ/, /məɡ/, /mʊɡ/ 1. A large cup for beverages, usually having a handle and used without a saucer. 2. The face. Labels: derogatory, often, slang Example: […] 'let him go, I tell you, or I'll be after breaking your ugly mug,' and with that I gave him a dig that knocked him into smithereens. Example: When did ever a gentleman o’ fortune show his stern to that much dollars for a boosy old seaman with a blue mug — and him dead too? 3. The mouth. Labels: derogatory, often, slang Example: Shut your mug! 4. A gullible or easily cheated person. Labels: derogatory, slang Example: He's a gullible mug – he believed her again. 5. A stupid or contemptible person. Labels: Australia, Hong-Kong, Ireland, New-Zealand, Singapore, UK, derogatory, slang 6. A criminal. Labels: slang 7. A mug shot. Labels: slang Example: Perhaps if I told you that there were forty arrests made in one day here, you will realize that with this small equipment available in the Sheriff's Office, it is very difficult to get mugs. These people are being mugged as they are being arrested but with an entirely inadequate force at work prints have not as yet been made.
Word: mug Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Early 16th century (originally Scots and northern English, denoting "earthenware, pot, jug"), of unknown origin, perhaps from North Germanic (compare Swedish mugg (“mug, jug”), Norwegian mugge (“pitcher, open can for warm drinks”), Danish mugge), or Low German mokke, mukke (“mug”), German Low German Muck (“drinking cup”), Dutch mok (“mug”), also of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Old English muga (“stack”) and Old Norse múgr (“mass, heap (of corn)”). Compare also Middle English mug, mog (“a measure of salt”). Pronunciation: /mʌɡ/, /mɐɡ/, /məɡ/, /mʊɡ/ 1. To strike in the face. Labels: Ireland, UK, obsolete, transitive Example: Madgbury showed game, drove Abbot in a corner, but got well Mugg'd. Example: 1857, "The Leary Man", in Anglicus Ducange, The Vulgar Tongue And if you come to fibbery, You must Mug one or two, 2. To assault for the purpose of robbery. Labels: transitive 3. To exaggerate a facial expression for communicative emphasis; to make a face, to pose, as for photographs or in a performance, in an exaggerated or affected manner. Labels: intransitive Example: The children weren't interested in sitting still for a serious photo; they mugged for the camera. Example: Her dress is too obviously "costume," and Ford-Smith mugs too broadly for us to forget, as we should, that Katie is a theatrical invention. 4. To photograph for identification; to take a mug shot of. Labels: transitive Example: Perhaps if I told you that there were forty arrests made in one day here, you will realize that with this small equipment available in the Sheriff's Office, it is very difficult to get mugs. These people are being mugged as they are being arrested but with an entirely inadequate force at work prints have not as yet been made. Example: The Bat—they called him the Bat.[…]. He'd never been in stir, the bulls had never mugged him, he didn't run with a mob, he played a lone hand, and fenced his stuff so that even the fence couldn't swear he knew his face. 5. To learn or review a subject as much as possible in a short time; cram. Labels: Australia, Hong-Kong, India, Ireland, New-Zealand, Singapore, UK, slang
Word: mug Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Early 16th century (originally Scots and northern English, denoting "earthenware, pot, jug"), of unknown origin, perhaps from North Germanic (compare Swedish mugg (“mug, jug”), Norwegian mugge (“pitcher, open can for warm drinks”), Danish mugge), or Low German mokke, mukke (“mug”), German Low German Muck (“drinking cup”), Dutch mok (“mug”), also of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Old English muga (“stack”) and Old Norse múgr (“mass, heap (of corn)”). Compare also Middle English mug, mog (“a measure of salt”). Pronunciation: /mʌɡ/, /mɐɡ/, /məɡ/, /mʊɡ/ 1. Easily fooled, gullible. Labels: archaic Example: "Great heavens! Is it?" Drummond helped himself to marmalade. "And to think that I once pictured myself skewering Huns with it. Do you think anybody would be mug enough to buy it, James?" 2. Uninteresting or unpleasant. Labels: slang Example: But anyways, I stayed back a second year and my papa was visiting when momma was opening de report card. Papa gave me de muggest moment in my life like. Example: So... complaining about Bermuda being boring/mug on a constant does what exactly?
Word: mug Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Informal variant of motherfucker. Pronunciation: /mʌɡ/, /mɐɡ/, /məɡ/, /mʊɡ/ 1. Motherfucker (usually in similes, e.g. "like a mug" or "as a mug") Labels: slang
Word: Welt Part of Speech: name Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁-? Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós Proto-Germanic *weraz Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi Proto-Germanic *alaną Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Germanic *-þiz Proto-Germanic *aldiz Proto-Germanic *weraldiz Proto-West Germanic *weraldi Old High German wëralt Middle High German wërlt German Weltbor. English Welt Borrowed from German Welt. 1. A surname from German.
Word: sein Part of Speech: noun 1. Archaic spelling of seine. Labels: alt-of, archaic
Word: seine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old English seġne, from Proto-West Germanic *sagīna, from Latin sagēna, from Ancient Greek σαγήνη (sagḗnē, “dragnet”), of unknown origin. Pronunciation: /seɪn/ 1. A long net having floats attached at the top and sinkers (weights) at the bottom, used in shallow water for catching fish. Example: We all went on Monday Evening to the sea shore, to see the scene Drawn: this is a most curious Work: and all done by Women. Example: We learn from the Halifax papers that the catch of mackarel at St. Margaret's Bay, is enormous, varying from 120 to 300 barrels at a haul of the seines and nets, bidding fair to exceed all former years.
Word: seine Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old English seġne, from Proto-West Germanic *sagīna, from Latin sagēna, from Ancient Greek σαγήνη (sagḗnē, “dragnet”), of unknown origin. Pronunciation: /seɪn/ 1. To use a seine, to fish with a seine. Labels: ambitransitive Example: This was especially the case with seining for pilchards.
Word: Heimweh Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From German Heimweh. 1. Homesickness. Labels: rare, uncountable Example: For the long trail stretched before us, for we heard the call, / Left the hearthstone and the homeland, felt the rover's thrall; / Wandered to the far horizon, sought the joy of life— / Now the wanderlust is waning, heimweh now is rife.
Word: cosy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Scots cosie, from Old Scots colsie, but ultimate derivation is unknown. Possibly of North Germanic origin, such as Norwegian kose seg (“to have a cozy time”), from Old Norse kose sig, from koselig, koslig, perhaps ultimately from Old High German kōsa; see modern German kosen (“to cuddle”). Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊzi/, /ˈkoʊzi/ 1. Affording comfort and warmth; snug; social and comfortable. Labels: UK Example: Mr. Pickwick expressed the pleasure it would afford him to meet the medical fellows; and Mr. Bob Sawyer had informed him that he meant to be very cosey, and that his friend Ben was to be one of the party, they shook hands and separated Example: One of us must marry well; Meg didn't, Jo won't, Beth can't, yet,—so I shall, and make everything cosy all round. 2. Warm and comfortable. Labels: UK Example: I feel very cosy here in my bed.
Word: cosy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Scots cosie, from Old Scots colsie, but ultimate derivation is unknown. Possibly of North Germanic origin, such as Norwegian kose seg (“to have a cozy time”), from Old Norse kose sig, from koselig, koslig, perhaps ultimately from Old High German kōsa; see modern German kosen (“to cuddle”). Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊzi/, /ˈkoʊzi/ 1. A padded or knit covering put on an item to keep it warm, especially a teapot or egg. Labels: UK 2. A padded or knit covering for any item (often an electronic device such as a laptop computer). Labels: UK 3. A work of crime fiction in which sex and violence are downplayed or treated humorously, and the crime and detection take place in a small, socially intimate community. Labels: UK
Word: cosy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Scots cosie, from Old Scots colsie, but ultimate derivation is unknown. Possibly of North Germanic origin, such as Norwegian kose seg (“to have a cozy time”), from Old Norse kose sig, from koselig, koslig, perhaps ultimately from Old High German kōsa; see modern German kosen (“to cuddle”). Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊzi/, /ˈkoʊzi/ 1. To become snug and comfortable. Labels: UK 2. To become friendly with. Labels: UK Example: He spent all day cosying up to the new boss, hoping for a plum assignment.
Word: gezellig Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch gezellig, from Middle Dutch gesellich, from geselle (“companion”) + -ich (suffix forming adjectives). Geselle is derived from Old Dutch gisello, from Proto-Germanic *gasaljô (“companion; housemate”), from *ga- (“prefix denoting association or togetherness”) (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, by; near; with”)) + *saljô (“companion; roommate”) (from *salją (“building; chamber, room”), from *salą (“dwelling, house; hall, (main) room”), or *saliz- (“dwelling, house; hall, room”), both from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“dwelling; human settlement, village”)). Pronunciation: /ɡəˈzɛlɪɡ/, /həˈzɛlə/, /hɛ-/, /-lɪk/, /xəˈzɛlə/ 1. Having a cosy or pleasant, or sociable atmosphere; convivial and inviting. Labels: rare Example: Learning to tolerate the continual close presence of other people is important for living in Holland. Taking gezellig pleasure in the presence of all these others is the Dutch way. […] Gezellig is the end which justifies social activity. Whatever is not gezellig is on its face unpleasant, and to be avoided. Example: But the square used to be better, it was very gezellig, when everybody […] sat outside […] always chatting, and it's still a bit like that, like how are you, neighbour, but it's not like in the past when they sat outside all evening.
Word: Sehnsucht Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from German Sehnsucht, from sehnen (“to long”) + Sucht (“anxiety; sickness; addiction”). Pronunciation: /ˈzeɪnˌzuːxt/, /ˈzeɪnˌzʊxt/ 1. Tender, wistful, or melancholic desire; yearning, longing. Labels: literary, uncountable
Word: cartouche Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French cartouche, from Italian cartuccia, from carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs). Doublet of cartridge. Pronunciation: /kɑːˈtuːʃ/, [kʰɑːˈtʰʊu̯ʃ], /kɑɹˈtuʃ/, [kʰɑɹˈtʰʊu̯ʃ] 1. An ornamental figure, often on an oval shield. 2. An oval figure containing the characters of an important personal name, such as that of royal or divine people. Example: Besides the uncial writing on the convex side of the sherd at the top, painted in dull red, on what had once been the lip of the amphora, was the cartouche already mentioned as being on the scarabaeus, which we had also found in the casket. Example: In 1762, Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, a French priest who was a scholar of Eastern languages, had made the inspired guess that the cartouches set off words of great importance, such as the names of gods or rulers. 3. A decorative emblem on a globe or map. 4. A paper cartridge. 5. A wooden case filled with balls, to be shot from a cannon. 6. A gunner's bag for ammunition. 7. A military pass for a soldier on furlough. 8. A parchment disc placed on top of food to limit evaporation, or to prevent a skin forming on soups and stews.
Word: formaldehyde Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English form(yl) Akkadian 𒎎𒋆𒁉𒍣𒁕 (guḫlum)bor. Aramaic כוחלא (kuḥlā)bor. Arabic كُحْل (kuḥl) Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥūl)bor. Latin alcoholder. Proto-Indo-European *de Proto-Indo-European *-h₁ Proto-Indo-European *déh₁ Proto-Italic *dē Latin dē Latin de-der. Proto-Indo-European *wed- Proto-Indo-European *-r̥ Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ Proto-Hellenic *údōr Ancient Greek ῡ̆̔́δωρ (hū̆́dōr) Ancient Greek ῠ̔δρο- (hŭdro-)der. German Aldehydbor. English aldehyde English formaldehyde From form(yl) + aldehyde. Pronunciation: /fɔː(ɹ)ˈmældɪhaɪd/ 1. The simplest aldehyde, HCHO, a colourless gas that has many industrial applications; it dissolves in water to give formol (10%) and formalin. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The shark chosen to replace the original was injected with 224 gallons of formaldehyde, ten times the amount used on the first shark and in a stronger concentration. Example: Back in 2006, Hirst found himself at the centre of a different debate arising out of the need to refurbish or update formaldehyde pieces that are prone to decay. It related to the piece that made him famous: the formaldehyde shark The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living (1991), which had been bought by the US hedge fund billionaire Steve Cohen for $8m.
Word: pumice Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Anglo-Norman and Old French pomis (“pumice stone”), from Latin pūmex (“pumice stone”). Doublet of pounce. Pronunciation: /ˈpʌm.ɪs/ 1. A light, porous type of pyroclastic igneous rock, formed during explosive volcanic eruptions when liquid lava is ejected into water or air as a froth containing masses of gas bubbles, which are frozen into the rock as the lava solidifies. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The wind blew close to the ground - it rooted among the tussock grass - slithered along the road, so that the white pumice dust swirled in our faces - settled and sifted over us and was like a dry-skin itching for growth on our bodies.
Word: pumice Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Anglo-Norman and Old French pomis (“pumice stone”), from Latin pūmex (“pumice stone”). Doublet of pounce. Pronunciation: /ˈpʌm.ɪs/ 1. To abrade or roughen with pumice. Labels: transitive
Word: mope Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Late Middle English (as a noun meaning "simpleton, fool"), probably related to mop (“young of an animal, moppet”). Alternatively, of North Germanic origin, related to Swedish mopa (“to sulk”), Danish måbe, themselves borrowed from Low German mopen (“to make faces, gape”), of uncertain ultimate origin, but compare Proto-West Germanic *mauwu (“protruding lip, pout”). Compare also German muffen, French moue. Pronunciation: /məʊp/, /moʊp/ 1. To carry oneself in a depressed, lackadaisical manner; to give oneself up to low spirits; to pout, sulk. Labels: intransitive 2. To make spiritless and stupid. Labels: transitive
Word: mope Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Late Middle English (as a noun meaning "simpleton, fool"), probably related to mop (“young of an animal, moppet”). Alternatively, of North Germanic origin, related to Swedish mopa (“to sulk”), Danish måbe, themselves borrowed from Low German mopen (“to make faces, gape”), of uncertain ultimate origin, but compare Proto-West Germanic *mauwu (“protruding lip, pout”). Compare also German muffen, French moue. Pronunciation: /məʊp/, /moʊp/ 1. The act of moping Example: When she gets upset, she has a little mope, and then gets over it. 2. A dull, spiritless person. Labels: archaic Example: putting gulleries on some or other till they have made by their humouring or gulling ex stulto insanum, a mope or a noddy 3. A bottom feeder who "mopes" around a pornography studio hoping for his big break and often does bit parts in exchange for room and board and meager pay. Example: 2011: LA Weekly, documenting uses dating to the 1990s The porn industry is many things. Subtle is not one of them. So when Porn Inc. went searching for a job title for people like Stephen Hill, the choice was "mope." It's based on the off-camera life of these fringe actors, hangers-on who mope around the studios hoping for a bit role, which if they're lucky might bring them $50 plus food — and the chance to have sex with a real, live woman.https://web.archive.org/web/20110310155324/http://www.laweekly.com/2011-02-24/news/porn-machete-murder/
Word: pestilence Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin pestilentia (“plague”), from pestilens (“infected, unwholesome, noxious”); equivalent to pestilent + -ence. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛstələn(t)s/, /ˈpɛstɪlən(t)s/, /ˈpɛstlən(t)s/ 1. Any epidemic disease that is highly contagious, infectious, virulent and devastating. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book XVII, Chapter iii, leaf 347r and hit was in the realme of Logrys and soo bifelle grete pestylence & grete harme to both Realmes "And it was in the realm of Logris; and so befell great pestilence and great harm to both realms." Example: Thou shalt not be afraid for the terror by night; nor for the arrow that flieth by day; Nor for the pestilence that walketh in darkness; nor for the destruction that wasteth at noonday. 2. Anything harmful to morals or public order. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable
Word: mange Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English manjewe, manjeue, from Old French manjue, derived from mangier (“to eat”) (modern French manger (“to eat”)), from Latin manducare. Pronunciation: /ˈmeɪ̯nd͡ʒ/, /ˈmæɪ̯nd͡ʒ/, [ˈmæ̝ɪ̯nd͡ʒ] 1. A skin disease of nonhuman mammals caused by parasitic mites (Sarcoptes spp., Demodecidae spp.). Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Not yet come! [the] worrying of wolves, biting of mad dogs, the manges, and the—
Word: myxomatosis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English myxoma Proto-Indo-European *-tis Ancient Greek -τις (-tis) Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs) Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis)bor. New Latin -ōsislbor. English -osis English myxomatosis From myxoma + -osis. Pronunciation: /ˌmɪksəməˈtəʊsɪs/ 1. A usually fatal viral disease of rabbits, causing skin tumors. Labels: uncountable Example: In addition to new diseases, Quammen touches on many of the examples often included in standard disease ecology or epidemiology courses—for example, myxomatosis in nonnative rabbits of Australia, and mutation rates in RNA versus DNA viruses. Example: “A lot of factors have contributed to the rabbit population explosion: there was the pandemic, when no one could hunt for two years; they’ve become immune to myxomatosis; and the female can produce seven or eight offspring every two months,” Foix says. 2. A condition characterized by the growth of many myxomata (tumors of primitive connective tissue). Labels: broadly, uncountable
Word: frappe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French frappé. Pronunciation: /fɹæp/ 1. A liqueur or cocktail served on shaved ice. 2. A thick milkshake containing ice cream. Labels: Maine 3. An iced, sweetened, beaten coffee drink, associated with Greek cuisine.
Word: frappé Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French frappé, past participle of frapper (“to hit, strike”), from Old French fraper, from Old Low Franconian *hrappan 'to jerk, snatch', from Proto-Germanic *hrappijaną (“to hurry”), from *hrapaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krob. Pronunciation: /fɹæˈpeɪ/, /ˈfɹæpeɪ/ 1. A frozen fruit-flavoured dessert or appetizer. 2. Alternative form of frappe (“a liqueur or cocktail served on shaved ice”). Labels: alt-of, alternative 3. A movement where the foot is struck against the floor over the ankle in ballet or other forms of dance.
Word: frappé Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from French frappé, past participle of frapper (“to hit, strike”), from Old French fraper, from Old Low Franconian *hrappan 'to jerk, snatch', from Proto-Germanic *hrappijaną (“to hurry”), from *hrapaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krob. Pronunciation: /fɹæˈpeɪ/, /ˈfɹæpeɪ/ 1. Iced; cooled. Labels: not-comparable
Word: ignominious Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Late Middle English ignominious (“disgraceful, shameful”), from Middle French ignominieux (modern French ignominieux), or from its etymon Latin ignōminiōsus (“disgraced; disgraceful, shameful, ignominious”), from ignōminia (“disgrace, dishonour, shame, ignominy”) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of; overly; prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns). Ignōminia is derived from ig- (variant of in- (prefix meaning not) + nōmen (“name; good name, reputation”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”)) + -ia (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). By surface analysis, ignominy + -ious (suffix forming adjectives from nouns denoting the presence of a quality in any degree, typically an abundance). Pronunciation: /ˌɪɡ.nə(ʊ)ˈmɪ.ni.əs/, /ɪɡ.nəˈmɪ.ni.əs/ 1. Especially of a person: deserving of disgrace or dishonour; contemptible, despicable. 2. Causing or marked by disgrace or dishonour; disgraceful, dishonourable; also (loosely), humiliating, shameful. Example: The time when the pseudovirtuous men and women die a painful and ignominious death has yet to come. Example: Hath he not tvvit our Soueraigne Lady here / VVith ignominious vvords, though Clarkely coucht? / As if ſhe had ſuborned ſome to ſvveare / Falſe allegations, to o'rethrovv his ſtate.
Word: erudite Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin ērudītus, participle of ērudiō (“educate, train”), from e- (“out of”) + rudis (“rude, unskilled”). Doublet of erudit. Pronunciation: /ˈɛɹ.ʊ.daɪt/, /ˈɛɹ.(j)u.daɪt/, /ˈɛɹ.(j)ə.daɪt/ 1. Learned, scholarly, with emphasis on knowledge gained from books. Example: The professor gave an erudite lecture that impressed everyone in the audience. Example: His erudite knowledge of ancient history made him a sought-after speaker.
Word: erudite Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin ērudītus, participle of ērudiō (“educate, train”), from e- (“out of”) + rudis (“rude, unskilled”). Doublet of erudit. Pronunciation: /ˈɛɹ.ʊ.daɪt/, /ˈɛɹ.(j)u.daɪt/, /ˈɛɹ.(j)ə.daɪt/ 1. a learned or scholarly person
Word: mote Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English mot, from Old English mot (“grain of sand; mote; atom”), from Proto-West Germanic *mot (“grain of dirt or sand, speck”). Perhaps linked to English mud. Compare West Frisian mot (“peat dust”), Dutch mot (“dust from turf; sawdust; grit”), Low German mut (“peat dust, grit”), Norwegian mutt (“speck; mote; splinter; chip”), Italian mota (“mud”), Spanish mota (“speck”). Pronunciation: /moʊt/, /məʊt/ 1. A small particle; a speck. Example: Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother’s eye. Example: What shall a Mote up to a Monarch rise? An Emmet match an Emperor in might?
Word: mote Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English moten, from Old English mōtan (“to be allowed, be able to, have the opportunity to, be compelled to, may, must”), from Proto-Germanic *mōtaną (“to be able to, have to, be delegated”), from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to acquire, possess, be in charge of”). Cognate with Dutch moeten (“to have to, must”), German müssen (“to have to, must”), Ancient Greek μέδω (médō, “to prevail, dominate, rule over”). Related to empty. Pronunciation: /moʊt/, /məʊt/ 1. May or might. Labels: archaic, no-present-participle Example: he […] kept aloofe for dread to be descryde, / Untill fit time and place he mote espy, / Where he mote worke him scath and villeny. 2. Must. Labels: no-present-participle, obsolete 3. Forming subjunctive expressions of wish: may. Labels: archaic, no-present-participle Example: ‘I shall not take Vengeance into my own Hands. The Goddess will do what She will.’ ‘So mote it be,’ said the Grandmaster.
Word: mote Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See moot (“a meeting”). Pronunciation: /moʊt/, /məʊt/ 1. A meeting for discussion. Labels: obsolete Example: a wardmote in the city of London 2. A body of persons who meet for discussion, especially about the management of affairs. Labels: obsolete Example: a folk mote 3. A place of meeting for discussion. Labels: obsolete
Word: mote Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of remote, with allusion to the other sense of mote (“a speck of dust”). Pronunciation: /moʊt/, /məʊt/ 1. A tiny computer for remote sensing; a component element of smartdust.
Word: moat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English mote, from Old French mote (“mound, embankment”); compared also to Old French motte (“hillock, lump, clod, turf”), from Medieval Latin mota (“a mound, hill”), of Germanic origin, perhaps via Frankish *mot, *motta (“mud, peat, bog, turf”), from Proto-Germanic *mutô, *mudraz, *muþraz (“dirt, filth, mud, swamp”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mut- (“dark, dirty”). Cognate with Alemannic German Mott, Mutte (“peat, turf”), Bavarian Mott (“peat, turf”), dialectal Dutch mot (“dust, fine sand”), Saterland Frisian mut (“grit, litter, humus”), Swedish muta (“to drizzle”), Old English mot (“speck, particle”). More at mote, mud, smut. As term for a business strategy, popularized by American investor Warren Buffett. Pronunciation: /məʊt/, /moʊt/ 1. A deep, wide defensive ditch, normally filled with water, surrounding a fortified habitation. 2. An aspect of a business which makes it more "defensible" from competitors, because of the nature of its products, services or franchise or for some other reason. Labels: figuratively Example: No matter how good your company's product is or how quickly the industry is growing, if there is no moat, competitors will invade your castle and burn it down. Example: “I think ‘moats’ are lame,” Mr. Musk had said during a Tesla earnings call. It was a criticism of an economic principle that Mr. Buffett had coined in 1999 and that has become something of a mantra for his faithful: Invest in businesses “that have wide, sustainable moats around them.” 3. A circular lowland between a resurgent dome and the walls of the caldera surrounding it. 4. A clear ring outside the eyewall of a tropical cyclone. 5. A hill or mound. Labels: obsolete
Word: moat Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English mote, from Old French mote (“mound, embankment”); compared also to Old French motte (“hillock, lump, clod, turf”), from Medieval Latin mota (“a mound, hill”), of Germanic origin, perhaps via Frankish *mot, *motta (“mud, peat, bog, turf”), from Proto-Germanic *mutô, *mudraz, *muþraz (“dirt, filth, mud, swamp”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mut- (“dark, dirty”). Cognate with Alemannic German Mott, Mutte (“peat, turf”), Bavarian Mott (“peat, turf”), dialectal Dutch mot (“dust, fine sand”), Saterland Frisian mut (“grit, litter, humus”), Swedish muta (“to drizzle”), Old English mot (“speck, particle”). More at mote, mud, smut. As term for a business strategy, popularized by American investor Warren Buffett. Pronunciation: /məʊt/, /moʊt/ 1. To surround with a moat. Labels: transitive