nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: chuff Part of Speech: adj Etymology: 15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. Surly; annoyed; displeased; disgruntled. Labels: UK Example: He refused to subscribe, he who had always given so largely to the cause; he was chuff, haughty, overbearing, and seemed bent upon antagonising every prominent suggestion that was made. Example: So I set out in the clear cold night, and began to think that great lords and ladies are not at all as well off as poor people thinks, with so much fine meat and drink wasted about them, and they having no wish for them; for I felt very chuff and uncomfortable, and was glad that I could not be in the same way again for six weeks and more to come. 2. stupid; churlish; loutish. Labels: UK, dialectal Example: such chuff Fellows , who would not willingly allow their Children any Pleasures Example: Says Paddy , “the old one, faith, looks very chuff, though, But loves that big blackguard, I mean Lundy snuff, though;
Word: chuff Part of Speech: adv Etymology: 15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. In a chuff manner. Example: Macbeth when he talk'd very chuff About fighting -- how soon he got floor'd With a yard of cold steel by Macduff, And mine was that Wonderful Sword. Example: I was therefore obliged, sore against my will, to apply again to Carnot, who spoke very chuff about the trouble I gave him to write a second memorandum.
Word: chuff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. A coarse or stupid fellow. Example: Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? / No, ye fat chuffs, I would your store were here!
Word: chuff Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Onomatopoeic. Compare chug and puff. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. To make noisy puffing sounds, as of a steam locomotive. Labels: intransitive Example: The horses stumbled along, coughing and chuffing. Example: […] and the small lit up train that chuffed past in the cutting made it seem like real night. 2. To break wind. Labels: UK, slang 3. Of a powder, propellant, or explosive charge: to become extinguished and reignited intermittently. Example: 1967 Leo Allen Lukenas: The ignition transient in small solid propellant rocket motors. Princeton University Double base propellants often require ignition pressures of as much as 400 psia to avoid the problem of chuffing or hangfires. Example: The original work of Huffington on chuffing and oscillatory burning of cordite goes back to the beginning of the 1950s.
Word: chuff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Onomatopoeic. Compare chug and puff. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. Superfluous small talk that is free of conflict, offers no character development, description or insight, and does not advance the story or plot. Labels: uncountable 2. A noisy puffing sound. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Then the brass bell on top of the boiler rings out and a single massive chuff! of steam issues from the bowels of the loco. Then another chuff! – a blast of steam – another chuff! and the huge drive shafts tighten against the wheels. 3. A breathy noise produced by a tiger, similar in function to a cat's purr. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: chuff Part of Speech: adj Etymology: 1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. Pleased, proud. Labels: UK 2. Swollen with fat. Labels: obsolete 3. Chubby.
Word: chuff Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. The vagina. Labels: slang, vulgar 2. The anus. Labels: slang, vulgar Example: The car behind was following too close — it was right up my chuff.
Word: chuff Part of Speech: verb Etymology: 1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌf/, /t͡ʃɐf/, /t͡ʃʊf/ 1. Used as a replacement for obscenities, particularly fuck. Labels: UK, euphemistic Example: Oh chuff off! I'm so chuffing fed up with all of the spam posts on my timeline.
Word: chug Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Onomatopoeic, in imitation of a working steam engine. The racial slur sense derives from the stereotype of Native Americans chugging alcohol. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌɡ/, /t͡ʃɐɡ/, /t͡ʃʊɡ/ 1. A dull, fairly quick explosive or percussive sound, as if made by a labouring engine. 2. A large gulp of drink. Example: He drank his beer in three chugs. 3. A homemade Cuban boat, built to carry emigrants to the USA, and often abandoned upon arrival. 4. A person of Native American descent. Labels: derogatory, ethnic, slur 5. A palm muted note on a distorted electric guitar.
Word: chug Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Onomatopoeic, in imitation of a working steam engine. The racial slur sense derives from the stereotype of Native Americans chugging alcohol. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌɡ/, /t͡ʃɐɡ/, /t͡ʃʊɡ/ 1. To make dull explosive sounds. Labels: intransitive 2. To move or travel whilst making such sounds. Labels: intransitive Example: We were chugging along a back road when the engine cut out. Example: The inn also offers adventure packages, including ziplining and a truck safari, where a military vehicle chugs up the side of a muddy mountain. 3. To move or travel at a steady, although not especially fast, pace. Labels: broadly, intransitive Example: Outside, beyond the sun-baked station yard, a rice mill chugged away in the distance, and sweating coolies unloaded bags of rice from creaking bullock carts. Example: Before the year was out, the girls were out of school and the foursome's "Tell Him" was chuggin’ up the charts. 4. To drink a large amount (especially of beer) in a single action/without breathing; to chugalug. Usually chanted at the person who is drinking. Labels: colloquial, transitive Example: Chug! Chug! Chug! Example: I can't believe he chugged three beers. 5. To function or perform with difficulty, typically due to inadequate resources or performance limitations. Labels: intransitive Example: My game chugs every time too many NPCs are onscreen.
Word: chug Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of chihuahua + pug. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌɡ/, /t͡ʃɐɡ/, /t͡ʃʊɡ/ 1. A dog that is a cross between a pug and a chihuahua.
Word: chug Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Blend of charity + mug (“to violently rob on the street”). Pronunciation: /t͡ʃʌɡ/, /t͡ʃɐɡ/, /t͡ʃʊɡ/ 1. To solicit charitable donations on the street, particularly in a persistent manner. Labels: UK, derogatory, slang, transitive Example: I got chugged in the town centre today.
Word: cite Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French citer, from Latin citare (“to cause to move, excite, summon”), frequentative of ciēre (“to rouse, excite, call”). Sense 4 is the original one. Pronunciation: /saɪt/ 1. To quote; to repeat, as a passage from a book, or the words of another. Labels: transitive Example: WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, but could not prove, and would cite as they took to the streets. 2. To mention; to make mention of. Labels: transitive Example: Until then, the Sunak administration remains a study in ineffectuality on multiple fronts, leading Goldsmith to cite, not unreasonably, “a kind of paralysis”. 3. To mention; to make mention of. Labels: transitive Example: Citing the risk involved with being out as a gay person and a union activist while simultaneously dealing with racism, Susan notes that there are no out gays or lesbians of color in her local, though its membership is about 80 percent people of color. Example: Jonathan Hill, professor of international relations in the School of Security Studies at King’s College London, points to ongoing social unrest among rural youths in Morocco as another key reason why the law was passed. He cites the 2011 Arab Spring as an indicator of where such behaviour might lead if left unchecked. 4. To list the source(s) from which one took information, words or literary or verbal context. 5. To summon officially or authoritatively to appear in court. Labels: transitive Example: According to the tribe’s chairman, rangers cited five of the demonstrators, who had traveled to Nevada from New York, Washington, California and the European country of Malta. The chairman did not say what they were cited for.
Word: cite Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the first syllable of citation. Analogous to quote, from quotation. Pronunciation: /saɪt/ 1. A citation. Labels: informal Example: We used the number of cites as a rough measure of the significance of each published paper.
Word: citied Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From city + -ed. 1. Containing, or covered with, cities. Example: Hast any mortal name, / Fit appellation for this dazzling frame? / Or friends or kinsfolk on the citied earth, / To share our marriage feast and nuptial mirth?
Word: citric Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From citrus + -ic. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪtɹɪk/ 1. Of, pertaining to, or derived from, citrus fruit. Labels: not-comparable Example: An orange-scented road to Harbor was what Christine expected, because three times the aroma had accompanied her escapes. The first was on foot, the second by bus, and each time the orange trees lining the road marked her flight with a light citric perfume.
Word: civet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French civette, from Italian zibetto, from Medieval Latin zibethum, from Arabic زَبَاد (zabād). Pronunciation: /ˈsɪ.vɪt/ 1. Any of the small carnivorous catlike mammals encompassing certain species from the families Viverridae, Eupleridae, and Nandiniidae, native to tropical Africa and Asia. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The musky perfume produced by the animal; civetone. Labels: uncountable Example: LEONATO. Indeed he looks younger than he did, by the loss of a beard. DON PEDRO. Nay, a' rubs himself with civet: can you smell him out by that? CLAUDIO. That's as much as to say the sweet youth's in love. Example: Your onely way to make a good pomander, is this. Take an ownce of the pureſt garden mould, clenſed and ſteeped ſeauen daies in change of motherleſſe roſe water, then take the beſt Labdanum, Benioine, both Storaxes, amber greece, and Ciuet, and muſke, incorporate them together, and work them into what form you pleaſe; this, if your breath bee not to valiant, will make you ſmell as ſweete as my Ladies dogge. 3. A spotted skunk. Labels: US, countable, regional, uncountable Example: I believe other animals are the same; but skunk and civet are not so particular what they eat; anything half decomposed or rotten will answer. Example: When inquiring of people, ask about "civets", for spotted skunks are often mistakenly known as civets. 4. A ringtail (Bassariscus astutus). Labels: US, countable, regional, uncountable Example: The civet, Bassariscus astutus flavus, a new host for Uncinaria lotoris.— Several specimens of this hookworm, described by Schwartz (1925) from Procyon lotor, were found in the small intestine of the civet or ring-tailed cat at College Station, Texas, by the writer December 15, 1925. Example: Raccoon, ringtail (civet), coyotes, badgers, bobcat, fox, and skunk were all hunted or trapped for furs throughout the settled portions of the Aravaipa area.
Word: clad Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gley-der. Proto-Germanic *klaiþijaną Proto-West Germanic *klaiþijan Old English clǣþan Middle English clethen Middle English clad English clad From Middle English clad, cladde, cled(e), cledde, past tense and past participle forms of clethen (“(also figurative) to put clothing on, clothe, dress; to provide clothing to; to arm, equip; to cover, envelop; to conceal; to adorn”), from Old English clǣþan (past tense clǣþde, *clædde), from Proto-West Germanic *klaiþijan, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y-, *gley- (“to adhere, cling, stick to”). Pronunciation: /klæd/ 1. simple past and past participle of clothe Labels: archaic, form-of, participle, past
Word: clad Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English clad(d), cladde, clade, past tense and past participle forms of clathen, clothen (“to put clothing on, clothe, dress”), from *clāþian (“to clothe”) (past participle ġeclāded, ġeclaþed, ġeclaþod), from clāþ, clǣþ (“cloth; (plural) clothes”); see further at etymology 1. Pronunciation: /klæd/ 1. Wearing clothing or some other covering (for example, an armour) on the body; clothed, dressed. Labels: not-comparable Example: [F]rom his nook upleapt the venturous lad, / And flinging wide the cedar-carven door / Beheld an awful image saffron-clad / And armed for battle! Example: Her downcast eyes were almost mesmerized by the huge tweed-clad knees which towered like monoliths beside her. 2. Covered, enveloped in, or surrounded by a cladding, or a specified material or substance. Labels: in-compounds, not-comparable, often Example: On all sides, Goudet is shut in by mountains; rocky foot-paths, practicable at best for donkeys, join it to the outer world of France; and the men and women drink and swear, in their green corner, or look up at the snow-clad peaks in winter from the threshold of their homes [...] Example: Into this book-clad room it followed the Bishop, with blue eyes and laughter on the red lips [...] 3. Adorned, ornamented. Labels: figuratively, not-comparable
Word: clad Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Apparently derived from clad (adjective); see etymology 2. Uses of clad as the simple past and past participle form of clad are indistinguishable from uses of the word as the simple past and past participle form of clothe. Pronunciation: /klæd/ 1. To clothe, to dress. Labels: archaic, literary, obsolete Example: At last faire Heſperus in higheſt ſkie / Had ſpent his lãpe [i.e., lampe] and brought forth dawning light, / Then vp he roſe, and clad him haſtily; / The dwarfe him brought his ſteed: ſo both away do fly. Example: Muſicke and Poetry is his delight, / Therefore ile haue Italian Maskes by night, / Sweete ſpeeches, Comedies, and pleaſing ſhowes, / And in the day when he ſhall walke abroad, / Like Siluian Nimphs my Pages ſhall be clad, […] 2. To cover with a cladding or another material (for example, insulation). Example: [M]any bitter and extreme frosts at midsummer continually clothe and clad the discomfortable mountaines; […] Example: He ſcarce had ſaid, when the bare Earth, till then / Deſert and bare, unſightly, unadorn'd, / Brought forth the tender Graſs whoſe verdure clad / Her Univerſal Face with pleaſant green, […] 3. To imbue (with a specified quality); to envelop or surround. Labels: figuratively Example: Moſt mercifull father, we beſeche thee ſo to ſende vpon theſe thy ſeruauntes thy heauenly bleſſyng, that they maye be cladde about with all iuſtice, & that thy worde ſpoken by theyr mouthes, may haue ſuch ſucceſſe, that it may neuer be ſpoken in vain. Example: O folly, thou hast power to make flesh glad, / When the rich soul in wretchedness is clad.
Word: clonic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English clonus Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English clonic From clonus + -ic. Pronunciation: /ˈklɒn.ɪk/, /ˈklɑ.nɪk/ 1. Pertaining to clonus; having irregular, convulsive spasms. Example: Hospital attendants stand by to drag the children off, drooling, screaming, having clonic convulsions.
Word: clot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gel-der. Proto-Germanic *kluttaz Proto-West Germanic *klott Old English clott Middle English clot English clot From Middle English clot, clotte, from Old English clott, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“lump”). Cognate with German Klotz (“block”). Doublet of clod and klutz. Pronunciation: /klɒt/, /klɔt/, /klɑt/, /klɔ̟t/ 1. A thrombus, solidified mass of blood. 2. A solidified mass of any liquid. Example: and nothing elſe but euen, A heauie lump and clottred clod of ſeedes togither driuen) Example: Doth bake the egg into clots as if it began to poach. 3. A person who is silly, stupid, dull, a clod.
Word: clot Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gel-der. Proto-Germanic *kluttaz Proto-West Germanic *klott Old English clott Middle English clot English clot From Middle English clot, clotte, from Old English clott, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“lump”). Cognate with German Klotz (“block”). Doublet of clod and klutz. Pronunciation: /klɒt/, /klɔt/, /klɑt/, /klɔ̟t/ 1. To form a clot or mass. Labels: intransitive Example: When there is a wounded area on the body, the natural response is for platelets in the blood to clot to plug the wound. 2. To cause to clot or form into a mass. Labels: transitive Example: They didn't explode into blood and clotted matter.
Word: cloy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From an aphetic form of Middle English acloyen, from Old French enclouer, encloer, from Vulgar Latin *inclāvāre, from Late Latin clāvāre, from Latin clāvus. Pronunciation: /klɔɪ/ 1. To fill up or choke up; to stop up. Labels: transitive 2. To clog, to glut, or satisfy, as the appetite; to satiate. Labels: transitive 3. To fill to loathing; to surfeit. Labels: transitive Example: Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.
Word: coaler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English coal Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English coaler From coal + -er. 1. A vehicle, especially a ship, used for carrying or supplying coal.
Word: cobb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant spelling of cob. Pronunciation: /kɒb/ 1. A sea-cob or gull. 2. A pier made from cobblestones. 3. A hand-basket, especially made from wicker. 4. A building material consisting of clay, sand, straw, water, and earth, similar to adobe. Also called cob, rammed earth or pisé. 5. A knock or blow. Labels: US 6. Alternative form of cob (“person of mixed (black and white) race”). Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: His colour is nearly that of a grif or cobb, the produce of a mulatto and negro.
Word: cobber Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from Yiddish חבֿר (khaver, “friend, comrade”), from Hebrew חבר (ḥāḇēr, “friend”), possibly via Dutch gabber; alternately, perhaps from the British dialectal term cob (“take a liking to”), or a conflation of both. The suggestion that it is a self-referential collective term for convicts and immigrants who departed for Australian shores from the Irish port of Cobh seems chronologically unlikely. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒbɚ/ 1. A pal, buddy, mate, friend; often used in direct address by one male to another. Labels: Australia, dated, slang Example: What's up, cobber? Example: G'day cobber! 2. A sweet consisting of a small block of hard caramel covered in chocolate. Labels: Australia
Word: coca Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Aymarader. Quechua kukabor. Aymara kukabor. Spanish cocabor. English coca Borrowed from Spanish coca, from Quechua kuka, perhaps from Aymara. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.kə/, /ˈkoʊ.kə/ 1. Any of the four cultivated plants which belong to the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. The dried leaf of one of these plants, the South American shrub (Erythroxylum coca), widely cultivated in Andean countries, which is the source of cocaine and used as aphrodisiac in the past. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: coca Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Catalan coca. Doublet of cake. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.kə/, /ˈkoʊ.kə/ 1. A pastry typically made and consumed in the Catalan-speaking areas. Example: A coca, a type of flat bread normally topped with roasted vegetables, was capped by strands of briny whitebait.
Word: Cocos Part of Speech: name 1. plural of Coco Labels: form-of, plural
Word: Cocos Part of Speech: adj 1. Relating to the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Labels: not-comparable
Word: codder Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From cod + -er. 1. A gatherer of cods or peas. Labels: UK, dialectal, obsolete 2. A saddler or leatherworker. Labels: obsolete
Word: codify Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree English code Latin -i- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *θakos Proto-Italic *-fakos Latin -ficus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin -ficō Latin -ificāreder. Old French -ifierbor. Middle English -ifien English -ify English codify From code + -ify. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.dɪˌfaɪ/, /ˈkɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/, [ˈkɑ.ɾɪˌfaɪ], /ˈkoʊ.dɪˌfaɪ/, [ˈkoʊ.ɾɪˌfaɪ] 1. To reduce to a code, to arrange into a code. Example: The company president codified the goal as a one-line mission statement. 2. To collect and arrange in a systematic form. Example: The house of Ruthven was a small but ultra-modern limestone affair, between Madison and Fifth ;[…]. As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “ near-aissance.” 3. To enact as an official rule or law.
Word: codon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin codon, from Ancient Greek κώδων (kṓdōn). Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.dɒn/, /ˈkoʊ.dɑn/ 1. A handbell used for summoning monks. 2. The "bell" or flaring mouth of a trumpet.
Word: codon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From code + -on. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.dɒn/, /ˈkoʊ.dɑn/ 1. A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides, which encode for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis or translation.
Word: cog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gēw- Proto-Indo-European *gugāder. Proto-Germanic *kuggōder. Old Norse *koggrbor. Middle English cogge English cog Inherited from Middle English cogge, from Old Norse *kogge, *koggr (see Old Swedish kogge, kogger), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (“cog, swelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”). Compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”). Cognates includes: Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog tooth”), Norwegian kugg (“cog”). The meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel. Compare Old Swedish koggavidher (“cog wood”), “wood reserved for a millwheel”. See also dialectal English cag (“stump”), keg; Old Norse kaggi (“keg”) + -gi (diminutive suffix), from the Germanic base *kagô (“bush, branch, stalk, stump”); also found in Bavarian Kag (“the stalk or stem of a cabbage”); dialectal Swedish kage (“treestump; piece of wood; post”), kagg or kagge (“scythe handle”); Norwegian Nynorsk kage or kagge (“low lying bush, small tree”), dialectal kagg (“scythe handle”); Old English ċeacga (“broom, furze, gorse”), whence English chag (“branch”), also Old English cyċġel, English cudgel (“knotty club”). The ultimate origin could be related to English cog (“cargo boat”) (Dutch kogge), probably named for its “round swollen” appearance. Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. A tooth on a gear. 2. A gear; especially, a cogwheel. Example: She said: " We're not wasting time. While the cogs of Parliament continue to whir, we will continue to work on the rolling stock and infrastructure strategy, the national transport integrated strategy, and our accessibility roadmap. 3. An unimportant individual in a greater system. Example: just a cog in the machine Example: All the old problems, the stale ones, both personal and general, had been solved by one mighty slash. Heaven alone knew as yet what others might arise - and it looked as though there would be plenty of them - but they would be new. I was emerging as my own master, and no longer a cog. 4. A projection or tenon at the end of a beam designed to fit into a matching opening of another piece of wood to form a joint. 5. One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine.
Word: cog Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gēw- Proto-Indo-European *gugāder. Proto-Germanic *kuggōder. Old Norse *koggrbor. Middle English cogge English cog Inherited from Middle English cogge, from Old Norse *kogge, *koggr (see Old Swedish kogge, kogger), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (“cog, swelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”). Compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”). Cognates includes: Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog tooth”), Norwegian kugg (“cog”). The meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel. Compare Old Swedish koggavidher (“cog wood”), “wood reserved for a millwheel”. See also dialectal English cag (“stump”), keg; Old Norse kaggi (“keg”) + -gi (diminutive suffix), from the Germanic base *kagô (“bush, branch, stalk, stump”); also found in Bavarian Kag (“the stalk or stem of a cabbage”); dialectal Swedish kage (“treestump; piece of wood; post”), kagg or kagge (“scythe handle”); Norwegian Nynorsk kage or kagge (“low lying bush, small tree”), dialectal kagg (“scythe handle”); Old English ċeacga (“broom, furze, gorse”), whence English chag (“branch”), also Old English cyċġel, English cudgel (“knotty club”). The ultimate origin could be related to English cog (“cargo boat”) (Dutch kogge), probably named for its “round swollen” appearance. Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. To furnish with a cog or cogs. 2. Of an electric motor or generator, to snap preferentially to certain positions when not energized. Labels: intransitive
Word: cog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cogge, from Middle Dutch kogge, cogghe (modern kogge), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō, from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”). See etymology 1 above. Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. A partially clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged mediaeval ship of burden or war, with a round, bulky hull and a single mast, typically 15 to 25 meters in length, in use from ca. 1150 to 1500. Labels: historical Example: The name of the ship was Dawn Treader. She was only a little bit of a thing compared with one of our ships, or even with the cogs, dromonds, carracks and galleons which Narnia had owned when Lucy and Edmund had reigned there under Peter as the High King, for nearly all navigation had died out in the reigns of Caspian's ancestors. 2. The hypothetical precursor ship type of the above said to be in use during the early Middle Ages, variously alleged to be Frisian or Scandinavian. Labels: historical 3. A small fishing boat. Labels: broadly
Word: cog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Uncertain. Both verb and noun appear first in 1532. Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. A trick or deception; a falsehood. Example: False suggestions, shamelesse cogs, and impious forgeries.
Word: cog Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Uncertain. Both verb and noun appear first in 1532. Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. To load (a die) so that it can be used to cheat. 2. To cheat; to play or gamble fraudulently. Example: 1726, Jonathan Swift (debated), Molly Mog For guineas in other men's breeches, / Your gamesters will palm and will cog. 3. To seduce, or draw away, by adulation, artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat. Example: I'll mountebank their loves, Cog their hearts from them. 4. To plagiarize. Example: […] his themes and exercises were in constant demand for what we called cogging and American students rather grandly called plagiarization. Shakespeare and Eliot plagiarized; we grimly cogged in the early morning-oh, […] Example: Coming to journalism, how many of us have not been guilty at some stage of 'cogging' from other articles, […] 5. To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood or deception; to palm off. Example: to cog in a word Example: October 3, 1718, John Dennis, letter to S. T. , Esq; On the Deceitfulness of Rumour Fustian tragedies […] have […] been cogg'd upon the town for Master-pieces.
Word: cog Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. Alternative form of cogue (“wooden vessel for milk”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: cog Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /kɒɡ/, /kɔɡ/, /kɑɡ/ 1. Initialism of center of gravity Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: cohosh Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From an Algonquian word meaning rough, probably from Eastern Abenaki / Penobscot *kkwὰhas. Compare Massachusett kushki (“(it is) rough”). Compare English cocash. Pronunciation: /kəˈhɒʃ/ 1. A perennial American herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), the rough rootstock of which is used in medicine. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A smooth herb, Actaea racemosa, marketed for medicinal use. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: coked Part of Speech: adj 1. Intoxicated with cocaine.
Word: coked Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of coke Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: cole Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cole, col, from Old English cawel, an early Germanic borrowing from Latin caulis (“cabbage”). Cognate with Dutch kool, German Kohl, Danish kål, Norwegian Bokmål kål, Norwegian Nynorsk kål, Swedish kål. Doublet of caulis, gobi, and kale. Pronunciation: /kəʊl/, /kɔʊl/, /kɒl/, /koʊl/ 1. Cabbage. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. Brassica; a plant of the Brassica genus, especially those of Brassica oleracea (rape and coleseed). Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: cole Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /kəʊl/, /kɔʊl/, /kɒl/, /koʊl/ 1. A stack or stook of hay. Labels: Scotland Example: Father saw the happening from high in a park where the hay was cut and they set the swathes in coles, and he swore out Damn't to hell! and started to run […]
Word: cole Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /kəʊl/, /kɔʊl/, /kɒl/, /koʊl/ 1. Obsolete form of coal. Labels: alt-of, countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: coleus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the genus name translingual Coleus, from Latin coleus, from Ancient Greek κολεός (koleós, “sheath”) in reference to the manner in which the stamens are united. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.li.əs/ 1. Any of certain plants in the mint family, many used as ornamentals for their colorful, variegated leaves, sometime included in genus Plectranthus (spurflowers), sometimes in their own genus Coleus, 2. Any of certain plants in the mint family, many used as ornamentals for their colorful, variegated leaves, sometime included in genus Plectranthus (spurflowers), sometimes in their own genus Coleus,
Word: colter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See coulter. Pronunciation: /ˈkoʊltɚ/ 1. US standard spelling of coulter. Labels: US, alt-of, standard Example: I lately left a furrow, one or twayne, Unplough'd, the which my coulter hath not cleft […] Example: What is it but a servitude like that impos'd by the Philistims, not to be allow'd the sharpning of our own axes and coulters, but we must repair from all quarters to twenty licencing forges.
Word: colza Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French colza, from Dutch koolzaad (“cabbage seed, (later) colza”), from Middle Dutch coolsaet, from kool (“cole”) + zaad (“seed”). 1. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus), cultivated for its seeds, which yield an oil, valued for illuminating and lubricating purposes. Labels: uncountable
Word: coney Part of Speech: noun 1. The Jamaican coney (Geocapromys brownii), a hutia endemic to Jamaica. Labels: Jamaica 2. Ellipsis of Coney Island hot dog. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis 3. Alternative spelling of cony (“a rabbit, a hyrax”). Labels: alt-of, alternative 4. Alternative spelling of cony (“a species of fish”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: conics Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From cone + -ics. 1. The branch of geometry which treats of the cone and the curves which arise from its sections. Labels: uncountable
Word: conics Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. 1. plural of conic Labels: form-of, plural
Word: conn Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant of cond, from Middle English conduen, condien, from Anglo-Norman conduire, from Latin condūcō (“lead, bring or draw together”), from con- (“with, together”) + dūcō (“lead”). Doublet of conduce. Pronunciation: /kɑn/, /kɒn/ 1. The duty of directing a ship, usually used with the verb to have or to take and accompanied by the article "the." Example: The officer of the deck has the conn of the vessel; the captain took the conn when he reached the bridge.
Word: conn Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Variant of cond, from Middle English conduen, condien, from Anglo-Norman conduire, from Latin condūcō (“lead, bring or draw together”), from con- (“with, together”) + dūcō (“lead”). Doublet of conduce. Pronunciation: /kɑn/, /kɒn/ 1. To direct a ship; to superintend the steering of (a vessel); to watch the course of (a vessel) and direct the helmsman how to steer (especially through a channel, etc, rather than steer a compass direction). Labels: transitive Example: The pilot conned the ship safely into the harbor. Example: “Ay,” says I, “you’ll allow me to steer, that is, hold the helm, but you’ll conn the ship, as they call it; that is, as at sea, a boy serves to stand at the helm, but he that gives him the orders is pilot.”
Word: coning Part of Speech: verb 1. present participle and gerund of cone Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: conner Part of Speech: noun 1. A corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) 2. A bergall (Tautogolabrus adspersus).
Word: conns Part of Speech: verb 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of conn Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: coot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cote, coote, cute, cuytt (“coot”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from an unrecorded Old English word, or borrowed from Middle Dutch coet, cuut, kuut (“coot”) (whence modern Dutch koet and meerkoet (“coot”)). Possibly related to Middle High German kūz, kūze (modern German Kauz (“owl”)), Old English cȳta (“kite, bittern”) (whence English kite), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *kūt (“bird of prey”). See kite. Pronunciation: /kuːt/ 1. Any of various aquatic birds of the genus Fulica that are mainly black with a prominent frontal shield on the forehead. 2. A foolish or eccentric fellow Labels: UK, colloquial Example: A silly coot Example: An old coot
Word: coot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare cootie. Pronunciation: /kuːt/ 1. Body louse (Pediculus humanus). Labels: slang
Word: cooter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Gullah cootuh (“turtle”), from an African language, e.g. Bambara kuta (“turtle”). Attested in English from the 19th century. Pronunciation: /ˈkutɚ/ 1. A freshwater turtle of the eastern United States of the genus Pseudemys. 2. A box turtle. 3. A redneck. Labels: slang
Word: cooter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Uncertain. Possibly identical to Etymology 1, above; compare clam, beaver. Alternatively, compare cooch from hootchy-kootchy. Pronunciation: /ˈkutɚ/ 1. Vagina or vulva. Labels: colloquial Example: There was a bright red tongue tattooed over most of her cooter and there was a thick, gold ring that had been pierced through her clit.
Word: cooter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See couter. Pronunciation: /ˈkutɚ/ 1. Alternative form of couter (“a sovereign (coin)”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: copra Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Portuguese copra, from Malayalam കൊപ്ര (kopra). Cognate with Tamil கொப்பரை (kopparai), Kuvi କବ୍ରି (kobri), Sanskrit कूर्पस (kūrpasa), Hindi खोपा (khopā). Pronunciation: /ˈkɒ.pɹə/ 1. The dried kernel of the coconut, from which coconut oil is extruded. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The principal economic activity is copra production, the Government copra plantation covering some 5,170 ha. The population in 1989 was estimated at 2,000, the great majority of whom live in London, Banana and Poland villages in the west. Example: She burnt a small quantity of straw and copra in an earthern incense bowl and took it out to him.
Word: copter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of helicopter; see also -copter § Etymology. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒptə/, /ˈkɑptɚ/ 1. A helicopter. Labels: informal Example: 2005, Sin City (the film), Shellie shouts something I can't quite make out over the racket of a passing police copter.
Word: copter Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Clipping of helicopter; see also -copter § Etymology. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒptə/, /ˈkɑptɚ/ 1. To helicopter: to transport by helicopter. Labels: informal, transitive 2. To helicopter: to travel by helicopter. Labels: informal, intransitive 3. To move like a helicopter. Labels: informal, intransitive Example: The sidelong whiplash of his arm sent the boomerang soaring, pushing the sky to the horizon until the blade just hung there, a black slash on the sun so far away it seemed not to move at all before it came whirling back larger and larger: would it hit him, would he die — and you ducked down, terrified, clinging to his thigh, its deathspin slowing as it coptered softly down and he snatched it from the air.
Word: corona Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is borrowed from Latin corōna (“crown; garland, wreath”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “type of crown; curved object (door handle, tip of a bow, stern of a ship, etc.)”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). The English word is a doublet of crown, korona, koruna, krona, króna, and krone. The plural form coronae is borrowed from Latin corōnae. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /kəˈɹəʊ.nə/, /kəˈɹoʊ.nə/, /kɵˈronɑ/ 1. To surround with a luminous or crownlike ring like the solar corona. Labels: rare, transitive Example: The belly dancer shimmied on to the tiny floor, all flashing eyes, black hair coronaed with winking brilliants, undulating bare flesh with tasselled breasts and a turquoise G-string and an imitation ruby in her navel: she was barefooted, wearing a massive glittering anklet which made her look very Circassian and wanton. Example: He was surrounded, encauled, coronaed with whispering figures. They fleeted in and out of visibility, made of dark light. They entered his body and exited it, they faded up, they ebbed out.
Word: corona Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A clipping of coronavirus, ultimately from etymology 1. Pronunciation: /kəˈɹəʊ.nə/, /kəˈɹoʊ.nə/, /kɵˈronɑ/ 1. A coronavirus, especially SARS-CoV-2. Labels: also, attributive, countable, informal, uncountable Example: The recent surge of deaths due to corona reveals the shortcomings of our current healthcare system. Example: Similar to the way in which EBV nuclear antigens can be identified by immunofluorescence microscopy in NPC tumor cells with the EBNA test, corona antigens can be demonstrated in the cytoplasm of tumor cells of the same patient. A possible non-specific reaction could be excluded by use of animal corona antisera. 2. A disease caused by a coronavirus, especially COVID-19. Labels: also, attributive, countable, informal, uncountable Example: She caught corona last week. Example: The MERS outbreak in the hospital created widespread fear and panic among healthcare providers and other employees. […] For example, participants’ traumatic experience is illustrated by the quote below: / “Neglect is pain … prejudice is there, it hurts, also … unbelievable human ignorance. There was one person who is in administration here, who was scared to call me because she might get Corona over the phone.”
Word: corona Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-der. Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē)bor. Latin corōna Italian coronabor. English corona Borrowed from Italian corona. Pronunciation: /kəˈɹəʊ.nə/, /kəˈɹoʊ.nə/, /kɵˈronɑ/ 1. A series of sonnets linked together such that the last word of each is the first word of the next. Example: A favorite and most attractive combination is that of the corona or series of sonnets, employed to frame or develop some one theme. A list of these corone is given by Biadene, who selects and publishes from among them a series of three by Petrarch, and the famous corona of the months by Folgore da San Gemignano. Example: But the poets of Siena, and particularly the Academy of the Intronati, found the proper way of constructing coronas—since the ones mentioned above should really be called sequences ['catene'] rather than coronas.
Word: corona Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish La Corona (literally “The Crown”), a brand of cigars from Havana, Cuba. Pronunciation: /kəˈɹəʊ.nə/, /kəˈɹoʊ.nə/, /kɵˈronɑ/ 1. A long, straight-sided cigar with a blunt, rounded end. Example: HOWARD: [Entering; cheerfully] Got your coronas, Mr. Goldman! / GOLDMAN: [Glumly, taking the proffered cigars] Thanks, Howie. [Puts all but one in pocket.] / HOWARD: Where's Ma? / GOLDMAN: [Indicating with cigar] Inside the bedroom.
Word: cosh Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably from Romani košter (“stick”). Pronunciation: /kɒʃ/ 1. A weapon made of leather-covered metal similar to a blackjack. Example: The caissier has a cosh and a gun to protect him, and to heave over the barrier and steal some notes and then vault back and get out of the casino through the passages and doors would be impossible. 2. A blunt instrument such as a bludgeon or truncheon. 3. The cane. Labels: UK, dated, slang Example: There is no need here to digress on the advantages or otherwise of using a 'cosh' in schools […] Example: Often, he walked around the room with the cosh in his hand, taking slashes at legs that happened to stray sideways […]
Word: cosh Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Probably from Romani košter (“stick”). Pronunciation: /kɒʃ/ 1. To strike with a weapon of this kind. Labels: transitive
Word: cosh Part of Speech: adj 1. cozy; snug Labels: Scotland
Word: cosh Part of Speech: noun 1. hyperbolic cosine Labels: uncountable
Word: cosher Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Irish cuid oíche (“night's supper”) or cóisir (“banquet; festive party”). Pronunciation: /ˈkɒʃə(ɹ)/ 1. To levy certain exactions or tribute upon; to lodge and eat at the expense of. 2. To treat with fondness; to excessively dote on. 3. To chat in a friendly way.
Word: coss Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani کوس / कोस (kos). Doublet of krosa. Pronunciation: /kɒs/ 1. A measure of distance, varying from one and a quarter to two and a half English miles. Labels: British, India, South-Asia Example: […] the distances (computed by marching-time as well as by reference to the Népálese kós of 2⅓ miles each) […] Example: A full half koss from bank to bank is the stream now – you can see it under the stars – and there are ten feet of water therein.
Word: coss Part of Speech: adj 1. Alternative form of khass. Labels: alt-of, alternative, not-comparable
Word: couped Part of Speech: adj Etymology: See French couper (“to cut”). Pronunciation: /kuːpt/ 1. Cut off smoothly, as distinguished from erased (used especially for the head or limb of an animal). Labels: not-comparable
Word: couped Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See French couper (“to cut”). Pronunciation: /kuːpt/ 1. simple past and past participle of coup Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: cove Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English cove, from Old English cofa (“chamber; den”), from Proto-West Germanic *kobō, from Proto-Germanic *kubô. Cognate with Dutch koof (“cove”), German Low German Koov (“small room”), German Koben (“nook, shed”), Icelandic kofi (“hut, shack”). This word has probably survived as long as it has due to its coincidental phonetic resemblance to the unrelated word English cave. Also unrelated to Spanish cueva, which itself is a cognate of cave. Pronunciation: /kəʊv/, /koʊv/, /kəʉv/, /kɐʉv/, /kov/ 1. A hollow in a rock; a cave or cavern. Labels: uncommon 2. A concave vault or archway, especially the arch of a ceiling. 3. A small coastal inlet, especially one having high cliffs protecting vessels from prevailing winds; bight. Example: secret coves and noukes Example: There are several excellent snorkelling spots in the shallow coves around Chimei, and one-day tours (NT$1100 to NT$1300, including transport and food) can be arranged beforehand by your hotel or home-stay. 4. A strip of prairie extending into woodland. Labels: US 5. A recess or sheltered area on the slopes of a mountain. Labels: Cumbria 6. The wooden roof of the stern gallery of an old sailing warship. 7. A thin line, sometimes gilded, along a yacht's strake below deck level. 8. A valley between two ridges, especially one that, opening to the south and east, is protected by ridges on the north and west from common winter storm tracks. Labels: Appalachia Example: They were, despite their ignorance, unavoidably prosperous since their farm occupied a wide piece of cove bottom with dirt so black and rich it would raise sweet potatoes as long as your arm[.]
Word: cove Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English cove, from Old English cofa (“chamber; den”), from Proto-West Germanic *kobō, from Proto-Germanic *kubô. Cognate with Dutch koof (“cove”), German Low German Koov (“small room”), German Koben (“nook, shed”), Icelandic kofi (“hut, shack”). This word has probably survived as long as it has due to its coincidental phonetic resemblance to the unrelated word English cave. Also unrelated to Spanish cueva, which itself is a cognate of cave. Pronunciation: /kəʊv/, /koʊv/, /kəʉv/, /kɐʉv/, /kov/ 1. To arch over; to build in a hollow concave form; to make in the form of a cove. Example: The mosques and other buildings of the Arabians are rounded into domes and coved roofs.
Word: cove Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Attested in Britain a. 1570, from Romani kodo (“this one, him”, pronounced KOTHO /koðo/, ultimately undergoing th-fronting to KOV /kov/ in English), or perhaps directly from Romani kova (“that person”). Pronunciation: /kəʊv/, /koʊv/, /kəʉv/, /kɐʉv/, /kov/ 1. Man; fellow. Labels: UK, dated Example: Don't call Major Pendennis an old cove, if you'll 'ave the goodness, Lightfoot, and don't call me an old cove, nether. Such words ain't used in society; and we have lived in the fust society, both at 'ome and foring. Example: He was lying back in an arm-chair with his mouth open and a sort of goofy expression in his eyes, while a grey-bearded cove in the middle distance watched him with so much dislike that I concluded that Bingo had pinched his favourite seat. 2. Friend; mate. Labels: Australia, Polari
Word: cove Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French couver, from Old French cover (“to hatch (eggs)”), from Latin cubāre (“to lie down, recline; to incubate; to be broody”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb- (“to lie down”). Cognates * Italian covare Pronunciation: /kəʊv/, /koʊv/, /kəʉv/, /kɐʉv/, /kov/ 1. Of a bird or other animal: to brood, cover, incubate, or sit over (eggs). Labels: ambitransitive, obsolete Example: Moreover, the provident care of the tortoiſe in the generation, nouriſhment and preſervation of [h]er yooung, is vvoonderfull: for out ſhe goeth of the ſea, and laieth her egges or caſteth her ſpavvne upon the banke ſide; but being not able to cove or ſit upon them, nor to remaine herſelfe upon the land out of the ſea any long time, ſhe beſtovveth them in the gravell, and aftervvards covereth them vvith the lighteſt and fineſt ſand ſhe can get: […]
Word: coved Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of cove Labels: form-of, participle, past