nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: affair Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English afere, affere, from Old French afaire, from a- + faire (“to do”), from Latin ad- + facere (“to do”). See fact, and compare ado. Pronunciation: /əˈfɛə/, /əˈfɛɹ/, /əˈfɛɚ/, /əˈfeː/, /əˈfe̝ə/ 1. Something which is done or is to be done; business of any kind, commercial, professional, or public. Labels: in-plural, often Example: a difficult affair to manage Example: Responsibility is my affair, reciprocity is his. 2. Any proceeding or action which it is wished to refer to or characterize vaguely. Example: an affair of honor Example: an affair of love 3. An action or engagement not of sufficient magnitude to be called a battle. 4. A material object (vaguely designated). Example: He used a hook-shaped affair with a long handle to unlock the car. Example: This garden is a ramshackle affair. 5. An adulterous relationship, chiefly of a married person. (from affaire de cœur, affair of the heart). Example: When Martin's wife found out about his affair with her best friend, she asked for a divorce. Example: Mary had an affair with a woman from the gym. 6. An otherwise illicit romantic relationship, such as with someone who is not one's regular partner (boyfriend, girlfriend). Example: Jerry's girlfriend said she wanted to go steady, but she was in an affair with one of his team-mates. 7. A person with whom someone has an adulterous relationship. Example: I was his affair and he was a little boy toy to me... Together it was our little scandal. Example: Turns out she's married; he was her affair. 8. A party or social gathering, especially of a formal nature. Example: She also guessed that Lady Gladstone had not told them the affair had been planned some time ago. “We are looking forward to visiting you on Friday, Lady Gladstone,” said Harriet. “Geoffrey thought I might have forgotten because you sent us your invitation such ages ago, but I said, 'My dear brother, how could I possibly forget an invitation from Lady Gladstone?'“ “How very odd,” commented the comte lazily. “Lady Gladstone was just telling us it was an impromptu affair.” 9. The (male or female) genitals. Labels: archaic, slang Example: ... ſhe, with the greateſt effrontery imaginable, unbuttons his breeches, and removing his ſhirt, draws out his affair, ſo ſhrunk and diminiſh’d that I could not but remember the difference, now creſt-fallen, or just faintly lifting its head: but our experinc’d matron very ſoon, by chafing it with her hands, brought it to ſwell to that ſize and erection I had before ſeen it up to.
Word: elucidate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Late Latin ēlūcidātus, perfect passive participle of ēlūcidō (“to lighten, enlighten”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from ē(x)- (“out, from”) + lūcidus (“bright, clear, understandable”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix), literally “to make light of (something)”, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to see; to shine”). Compare French élucider. Pronunciation: /ɪˈl(j)uːsɪdeɪt/, /əˈlusəˌdeɪt/, /i-/ 1. To make (something) lucid (“bright, luminous; also, clear, transparent”). Labels: obsolete, transitive 2. To make (something) clear and understandable; to clarify, to illuminate, to shed light on. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: Let me hear vvhat your ovvn conceptions are of the matter, if they tend to elucidate or reconcile. Example: Dining at Mr. [Samuel] Pepys's, Dr. Slayer shewed us an experiment of a wonderful nature, […] This matter or phosphorus was made out of human blood and urine, elucidating the vital flame or heate in animal bodys.
Word: elucidate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Late Latin ēlūcidātus (“lightened, enlightened”), see Etymology 1 and -ate (adjective-forming suffix) for more. Pronunciation: /ɪˈl(j)uːsɪdət/, /əˈlusəˌdət/, /i-/ 1. Clear, understandable. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: There vvas not a greater Maſter of Perſpicuity, and elucidate Diſtinctions; vvhich look'd the better in his [John Williams'] Engliſh, that ran ſvveet upon his Tongue, eſpecially being ſet out vvith a graceful Facetiouſneſs, that hit the joint of the Matter: For his VVit, and his Judgment, never parted.
Word: affectation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti Proto-Italic *θakjō Proto-Italic *fakjō Proto-Italic *adfakjō Proto-Italic *adfaktāō Latin affectō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin affectātiōder. Middle French affectationbor. ▲ Latin affectātiōbor. English affectation From Middle French affectation and its etymon Latin affectātiōnem, from affectō (“to feign”). By surface analysis, affect + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌæf.ɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1. An attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or real; false display; artificial show. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: This poem is strongly tinctured with those pedantic affectations concerning the passion of love ... Example: [T]hey were not the spoiled children of affectation and refinement, but a bold, vigorous, independent race of thinkers, with prodigious strength and energy, with none but natural grace, and heartfelt unobtrusive delicacy. 2. An unusual mannerism. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An ostentatious fondness for something. Labels: countable, rare, uncountable, with-of Example: The grace diuineſt Mercvrie hath done me, / In this vouchſafde diſcouerie of himſelfe, / Binds my obſeruance in the vtmoſt terme / Of ſatisfaction, to his godly will: / Though I profeſſe (without the affectation / Of an enforc’d, and form’d auſteritie) / I could be willing to enioy no place / With ſo vnequall natures. Example: Her upper part of decent diſcipline / Shew’d affecation of an ancient line: / And fathers, councils, church and churches head, / Were on her reverend Phylacteries read.
Word: Buddha Part of Speech: name Etymology: Learned borrowing from Pali Buddha (“the Awakened One, the Enlightened One”), from buddha (“awakened, enlightened”), from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha, “awakened, enlightened”), past participle of बोधति (bodhati, “to wake, to awaken”). Distantly related to English bid and bede. Also cognate with Proto-Slavic *buditi (“to wake up”). Pronunciation: /ˈbʊdə/, /ˈbudə/, /ˈbʉdə/, /ˈbʊdːʰə/ 1. Siddhartha Gautama, ancient Indian philosopher and teacher who founded Buddhism.
Word: Buddha Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Pali Buddha (“the Awakened One, the Enlightened One”), from buddha (“awakened, enlightened”), from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha, “awakened, enlightened”), past participle of बोधति (bodhati, “to wake, to awaken”). Distantly related to English bid and bede. Also cognate with Proto-Slavic *buditi (“to wake up”). Pronunciation: /ˈbʊdə/, /ˈbudə/, /ˈbʉdə/, /ˈbʊdːʰə/ 1. Any other person considered similarly enlightened. Example: At this point, the Amidha Buddha probably has more worshippers than the Buddha himself does. Example: “Mind,” he began again, lifting one arm from the elbow, the palm of the hand outwards, so that, with his legs folded before him, he had the pose of a Buddha preaching in European clothes and without a lotus-flower - “Mind, none of us would feel exactly like this.” 2. Any other person considered similarly enlightened. Labels: broadly Example: There are some who consider Jesus a buddha, not least because Buddhism had spread to Judaea by the early 1st century. 3. Synonym of know-it-all or smartass, a person who imagines themselves smarter or wiser than they are. Labels: figuratively, ironic Example: Sam: Well, our first priority is to make sure the thieves don't strike again. It'll be tricky, 'cause these sorts of gangs rarely have just one target on the go. They've usually researched half a dozen possibilities, waiting for the most opportune circumstances on any of them. Harry Woolf: He knows his onions, this lad, eh? Gene Hunt: Oh, he's a right little smart-arse. So, what do you suggest, Buddha? 4. A statue or image of any Buddha. Example: I love visiting the temple to see the Buddha.
Word: affection Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English affection, affeccion, affeccioun, from Old French affection, from Latin affectiōnem, from affectiō; equivalent to affect + -ion. Pronunciation: /əˈfɛk.ʃən/, /əˈfɛk.t͡ʃən/ 1. The act of affecting or acting upon. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The state of being affected, especially: a change in, or alteration of, the emotional state of a person or other animal, caused by a subjective affect (a subjective feeling or emotion), which arises in response to a stimulus which may result from either thought or perception. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An attribute; a quality or property; a condition. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A Porism is a proposition in which it is proposed to demonstrate that some one thing, or more things than one, are given, to which, as also to each of innumerable other things, not given indeed, but which have the same relation to those which are given, it is to be shewn that there belongs some common affection described in the proposition. 4. An emotion; a feeling or natural impulse acting upon and swaying the mind. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Our affections for wild animals are distributed very unevenly. Take insects. Example: It is known that each individual has a variety of affections, one affection when in joy, another when in grief, another when in sympathy and compassion, another when in sincerity and truth, another when in love and charity, another when in zeal or in anger, another when in simulation and deceit, another when in quest of honor and glory, and so on. 5. A feeling of love or strong attachment; a feeling of enjoyable and comforting fondness. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I have a lot of affection for my little sister. Example: The marriage therapist suggested they show each other more affection. 6. A disease; a morbid symptom; a malady. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable Example: a pulmonary affection Example: The recedent or retrograde form is marked by a sudden subsidence of the inflammatory state of the joints, succeeded immediately by an affection of some internal part, where is thenceforth the seat of the morbid manifestations.
Word: affection Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English affection, affeccion, affeccioun, from Old French affection, from Latin affectiōnem, from affectiō; equivalent to affect + -ion. Pronunciation: /əˈfɛk.ʃən/, /əˈfɛk.t͡ʃən/ 1. To feel affection for. Labels: archaic Example: Why, truth is truth, I do not think my lady Isabella ever much affectioned my young lord, your son: yet he was a sweet youth as one should see.
Word: Buddhism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Buddha Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English Buddhism From Buddha + -ism. Pronunciation: /ˈbʊ.dɪ.zəm/, /ˈbu.dɪ.zəm/, /ˈbʉ.dɪ.zəm/ 1. The religion or philosophy derived from the teachings of Gautama Buddha. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: Buddhist Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English Buddha Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English Buddhist From Buddha + -ist. Pronunciation: /ˈbʊdɪst/, /ˈbudɪst/, /ˈbʉdɪst/ 1. Of, relating to, or practicing Buddhism. Example: Or the Fujianese soup that is so rich and sought after that it is poetically called "Buddha Jumps Over the Wall," meaning it is so good that a Buddhist monk would be compelled to break his vegetarian vows to sample it?
Word: Buddhist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Buddha Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English Buddhist From Buddha + -ist. Pronunciation: /ˈbʊdɪst/, /ˈbudɪst/, /ˈbʉdɪst/ 1. A practitioner of the religion and philosophy of Buddhism. 2. A follower of the Indian religious and spiritual teacher, Buddha.
Word: affectionate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin affectiōnātus. By surface analysis, affection + -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Doublet of aficionado. Pronunciation: /əˈfɛkʃənət/ 1. Having affection or warm regard; loving; fond. Example: She eulogised her always warm and affectionate brother. 2. Characterised by or proceeding from affection; indicating love; tender. Labels: usually Example: the affectionate care of a parent; an affectionate countenance; an affectionate message; affectionate language Example: Warwick left the undertaker's shop and retraced his steps until he had passed the lawyer's office, toward which he threw an affectionate glance. 3. Eager; passionate; strongly inclined toward something. Labels: obsolete
Word: affectionate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Either from the above adjective by metanalysis or from affection + -ate (verb-forming suffix) (modelled on Middle French affectionner (French affectionner)). Pronunciation: /əˈfɛkʃəneɪt/ 1. To show affection to; to have affection for. Labels: rare 2. To emotionally attach (oneself) to. Labels: obsolete, reflexive Example: Plutarch saith fitly of those who affectionate themselves to Monkies and little Dogges, that […]. Example: And firſt, his Majeſty would have you to underſtand, That there was never any King more loving to his People, or better affectionated to the right uſe of Parliaments, than his Majeſty hath approved himſelf to be,[…].
Word: affectionately Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English affectionate Middle English -ly English -ly English affectionately From affectionate + -ly. Pronunciation: /əˈfɛkʃənətli/ 1. In an affectionate manner. Example: Catherine is affectionately known as "Kit Kat" to her friends. Example: The couple were touching each other affectionately.
Word: affiliate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Medieval Latin affīliātus, the passive past participle of Late Latin adfīliō, affīliō (“to adopt as son”), from ad- + fīlius + -ō. Equivalent to Latin affīliō + -ate. Compare French affilié (noun). Pronunciation: /əˈfɪl.i.ət/ 1. Someone or something, especially, a television station, that is associated with a larger, related organization, such as a television network; a member of a group of associated things. Example: Our local TV channel is an affiliate of NBC. Example: They used to been^([sic]) more of a Detroit channel, as they had showed a lot of American programs, aside from being the CBC affiliate.
Word: affiliate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Medieval Latin affīliātus, the passive past participle of Late Latin adfīliō, affīliō (“to adopt as son”), from ad- + fīlius + -ō. Equivalent to Latin affīliō + -ate. Compare French affilié (noun). Pronunciation: /əˈfɪl.i.eɪt/ 1. To adopt; to receive into a family as one's offspring Labels: transitive 2. to bring or receive into close connection; to ally. Labels: transitive Example: Is the soul affiliated to God, or is it estranged and in rebellion? 3. To fix the paternity of Labels: transitive Example: to affiliate the child to (or on or upon) one man rather than another 4. To connect in the way of descent; to trace origin to. Labels: transitive Example: How do these facts tend to affiliate the faculty of hearing upon the aboriginal vegetative processes? 5. To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc. Labels: intransitive
Word: affliction Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English affliction, affliccioun, from Old French afliction, borrowed from Latin afflīctiōnem (“pain, suffering, torment”), from Latin afflīctō (“to damage, harass, torment”), from ad- + flīctus, past participle of afflīgō (“strike, beat”), from ad- + flīgō (“strike”) (whence af-). By surface analysis, afflict + -ion. Pronunciation: /əˈflɪk.ʃən/ 1. A state of pain, suffering, distress or agony. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: BEAT on, proud billows; Boreas blow; / Swell, curled waves, high as Jove's roof; / Your incivility doth ſhow, / That innocence is tempeſt proof; / Though ſurly Nereus frown, my thoughts are calm; / Then ſtrike, Affliction, for thy wounds are balm. [Attributed to Roger L'Estrange (1616–1704).] 2. Something which causes pain, suffering, distress or agony. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: She wore a man's long ulster (not as if it were an affliction, but as if it were very comfortable and belonged to her; carried it like a young soldier) [...]
Word: affluent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French affluent, borrowed in turn from Latin affluentem, accusative singular of affluēns, present active participle of affluō (“flow to or towards; overflow with”), from ad (“to, towards”) + fluō (“flow”) (cognate via latter to fluid, flow). Sense of “wealthy” (plentiful flow of goods) c. 1600, which also led to nominalization affluence. By surface analysis, af- + fluent. Pronunciation: /ˈæf.lu.ənt/, /ˈæfluːənt/, /æˈfluːənt/, /əˈfluːənt/ 1. Someone who is wealthy. Example: The affluents are most similar to the professional want-it-alls in their reasons for preferring specific hospitals and in their demographic characteristics. 2. A stream or river flowing into a larger river or into a lake; a tributary stream; a tributary. Example: It [Central Asia] is separated from the river-system of the Aral and Caspian Seas, […] from the affluents of the Indus and Ganges, on the south, by the chain of the Küen-lün, the rival of the Himalayas, […] Example: Its sources are everywhere in pine-clad mountains and plateaus, but all of the affluents quickly descend into the desert valley below, through which the Gila winds its way westward to the Colorado.
Word: affluent Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French affluent, borrowed in turn from Latin affluentem, accusative singular of affluēns, present active participle of affluō (“flow to or towards; overflow with”), from ad (“to, towards”) + fluō (“flow”) (cognate via latter to fluid, flow). Sense of “wealthy” (plentiful flow of goods) c. 1600, which also led to nominalization affluence. By surface analysis, af- + fluent. Pronunciation: /ˈæf.lu.ənt/, /ˈæfluːənt/, /æˈfluːənt/, /əˈfluːənt/ 1. Abundant; copious; plenteous. Example: The shores are affluent in beauty, and incomparably lovely is the drive to the heights of Castel-a-Mare. 2. Abounding in goods or riches; having a moderate level of material wealth. Labels: broadly Example: They were affluent, but aspired to true wealth. Example: The Upper East Side is an affluent neighborhood in New York City. 3. Tributary. Labels: dated 4. Flowing to; flowing abundantly. Labels: obsolete Example: affluent blood
Word: afford Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English afforthen, aforthen, avorthien, from earlier iforthen, iforthien, ȝeforthien, from Old English forþian, ġeforþian (“to further, accomplish, afford”), from Proto-Germanic *furþōną, from Proto-Germanic *furþą (“forth, forward”), equivalent to a- + forth. Cognate with Old Norse forða (“to forward oneself, save oneself, escape danger”), Icelandic forða (“to save, rescue”). Pronunciation: /əˈfoɹd/, [əˈfo̞ɹd], /əˈfɔːd/, /əˈfo(ː)ɹd/, /əˈfoəd/ 1. To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious; (usually after an expression of ability, as could, able, difficult) to be able or rich enough; to spare. Example: I think we can afford the extra hour it will take. We can only afford to buy a small car at the moment. Example: “[…] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic?[…]” 2. To offer, provide, or supply, as in selling, granting or expending, with profit, or without too great a loss. Labels: obsolete Example: Alfred affords his goods cheaper than Bantock. 3. To give forth; to supply, yield, or produce as the natural result, fruit, or issue. Labels: rare Example: Grapes afford wine. Olives afford oil. The earth affords fruit. The sea affords an abundant supply of fish. Example: The percentage of nutritive elements contained in the parsnip is very small; so small, indeed, that one pound of parsnips affords hardly one fifth of an ounce of nitrogenous or muscle-forming material. 4. To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter reference to its being the natural result; to provide; to furnish. Example: A good life affords consolation in old age. Example: One morning I had been driven to the precarious refuge afforded by the steps of the inn, after rejecting offers from the Celebrity to join him in a variety of amusements. But even here I was not free from interruption, for he was seated on a horse-block below me, playing with a fox terrier.
Word: afoot Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)der. English a- English foot English afoot From a- + foot. Pronunciation: /əˈfʊt/, /əˈfʉt/ 1. On foot. (means of locomotion, walking) Labels: not-comparable Example: Is it fit, let your mightyship say, / That I, like some pitiful flirt, / Should tarry within doors all day, / Or else trudge it afoot in the dirt? Example: "The dogs were no sooner let loose, than the hare was afoot. 2. On foot. (support of the body, standing) Labels: not-comparable 3. In motion; in action; astir; stirring; in progress. Labels: figuratively, not-comparable Example: Hamlet: […]I prithee, when thou seest that act afoot, / Even with the very comment of thy soul / Observe mine uncle:[…] Example: Possibly some chemical experiment was afoot; possibly----Well, it was no business of mine to speculate upon why he wanted it.
Word: afoot Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)der. English a- English foot English afoot From a- + foot. Pronunciation: /əˈfʊt/, /əˈfʉt/ 1. That is on foot, in motion, in action, in progress. Labels: not-comparable, predicative Example: Sunny moves through these final days quickly, easily, buoyed by routine even though change is afoot in all directions. Example: Now there are plans afoot to introduce a couple of extra trains to the timetable in December, with the long-term goal of a doubling of the service to eight trains a day.
Word: afore Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English afore, aforn, from Old English onforan or ætforan; equivalent to a- + fore. Pronunciation: /əˈfoɹ/, /əˈfɔː/, /əˈfo(ː)ɹ/, /əˈfoə/, /əˈfɔr/ 1. Before, temporally. Labels: archaic, dialectal, not-comparable Example: Stephano: He's in his fit now ; and doe's not talke after the wiſeſt ; hee ſhall taſte of my Bottle : if hee haue neuer drunke wine afore, it will goe neere to remoue his Fit :[…] Example: A chap named Eleazir Kendrick and I had chummed in together the summer afore and built a fish-weir and shanty at Setuckit Point, down Orham way. For a spell we done pretty well. 2. Before, in front, spatially. Labels: archaic, dialectal, not-comparable Example: He sees the soldiers, with their red coats lighted up by the torches carried afore, closing in round him. 3. Before, in front, spatially. Labels: archaic, dialectal, not-comparable
Word: afore Part of Speech: prep Etymology: From Middle English afore, aforn, from Old English onforan or ætforan; equivalent to a- + fore. Pronunciation: /əˈfoɹ/, /əˈfɔː/, /əˈfo(ː)ɹ/, /əˈfoə/, /əˈfɔr/ 1. Before; in advance of the time of. Example: He said he was jealous, and craved something to ease his care. 'It's but a small thing I ask,' says he, 'but it will make me a happy man, and nothing ever shall come atween us. Tryst wi' me for Beltane's E'en on the Sker sands, at the green link o' the burn where the sands begin, on the ebb o' the tide when midnight is by, but afore cockcrow. For,' said he, 'that was our forbears' tryst for true lovers, and wherefore no for you and me?' Example: "Oh aye!" his face lit up with a smile. "I mind that! Where was that?" "That was us when we all worked in the shop, afore the War." "Oh aye …?" he frowned. "Who …?" She took the photograph back from him and reached inside her apron pocket for her spectacles. 2. Before; situated geographically or metaphorically in front of.
Word: afore Part of Speech: conj Etymology: From Middle English afore, aforn, from Old English onforan or ætforan; equivalent to a- + fore. Pronunciation: /əˈfoɹ/, /əˈfɔː/, /əˈfo(ː)ɹ/, /əˈfoə/, /əˈfɔr/ 1. In advance of the time when; before. Example: Now the hand of the Lord was vpon mee in the euening, afore hee that was escaped came, and had opened my mouth vntill hee came to mee in the morning, and my mouth was opened, and I was no more dumbe.
Word: afraid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English affrayed, affraied, past participle of afraien (“to affray”), from Anglo-Norman afrayer (“to terrify, disquiet, disturb”), from Old French effreer, esfreer (“to disturb, remove the peace from”), from es- (“out”) + freer (“to secure, secure the peace”), from Frankish *friþu (“security, peace”), from Proto-Germanic *friþuz (“peace”), from Proto-Germanic *frijōną (“to free; to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *prāy-, *prēy- (“to like, love”). By surface analysis, affray + -ed. Compare also afeard. More at free, friend. Pronunciation: /əˈfɹeɪd/, /əˈfɹɛd/ 1. Impressed with fear or apprehension; in fear. Labels: predicative Example: He is afraid of death. Example: He is afraid to ask her out. 2. Regretful, sorry; expressing a reluctance to face an unpleasant situation. Labels: predicative Example: I am afraid I cannot help you in this matter. 3. Worried about, feeling concern for, fearing for (someone or something). Labels: predicative
Word: afresh Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English a-fresche, equivalent to a- + fresh. Compare Old English afersċean (“to freshen; become fresh”). Pronunciation: /ʌˈfɹɛʃ/ 1. Anew; again; once more. Example: We ditched the original design and decided to start afresh.
Word: sphinx Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Sphinx, from Middle English Spynx, from Latin Sphinx, from Ancient Greek Σφίγξ (Sphínx), perhaps either from σφίγγω (sphíngō, “to squeeze, to strangle”) (whence also sphincter), of Pre-Greek origin, or from Egyptian Szp:p-A53-anx-n:x (šzp-ꜥnḫ, “divine image”, literally “living image”). Pronunciation: /ˈsfɪŋks/ 1. A creature with the head of a person and the body of an animal, commonly a lion. Example: [W]hatsoe'er of strange / Sculptured on alabaster obelisk, / Or jasper tomb, or mutilated sphynx, / Dark Æthiopia in her desert hills. / Conceals. 2. A person who keeps their thoughts and intentions secret; an enigmatic or impassive person. Labels: figuratively Example: ...it is clear that judges are no longer required to be as passive as they once were; to be what I call sphinx judges. We now not only accept that a judge may intervene in the adversarial debate, but also believe that it is sometimes essential for him to do so for justice in fact to be done. 3. A mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx), formerly classified as a baboon, and called sphinx baboon. Labels: dated 4. A sphinx moth. 5. A sphincter. Labels: euphemistic, rare Example: Constance said boastfully, ‘My sphinxes are strong and in good repair. I order you to come.’
Word: sphinx Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Sphinx, from Middle English Spynx, from Latin Sphinx, from Ancient Greek Σφίγξ (Sphínx), perhaps either from σφίγγω (sphíngō, “to squeeze, to strangle”) (whence also sphincter), of Pre-Greek origin, or from Egyptian Szp:p-A53-anx-n:x (šzp-ꜥnḫ, “divine image”, literally “living image”). Pronunciation: /ˈsfɪŋks/ 1. To decorate with sphinxes. Labels: transitive Example: a marble sphinxed chimney-piece 2. To adopt the posture of the Sphinx. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: A hot lion with a very bloated stomach … will adopt either a sphinxed or a squatting posture which takes some of the weight off its belly. Example: Several animals maintained either a crouched … or a sphinxing posture (abdomen on the floor) 3. To be inscrutable, often through silence. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: The sphinxèd riddle of the Universe, Nature's unsolved enigma, who may prove? Example: Then there are the folks trying to do a Garbo on us[…]Janet Gaynor, so they tell, is sphinxing it and has gone into a Retirement, with "Nothing to Say — Please Go Away" written on the doormat. 4. To behave in a manner characteristic of the Sphinx. Labels: intransitive Example: Perhaps Nature is sphinxing us on purpose. Whatever her objects may be, perhaps she gets her work done better when she appeals to our gambling instincts. If you knew for certain exactly how your marriage was going to turn out[…] Example: And then he summarizes his fears with a reference to that icon which[…]stood for the feminine threat to civilization: “Crowds are somewhat like the sphinx of ancient fable: it is necessary to arrive at a solution of the problems offered by their psychology or to resign ourselves to being devoured by them.” Male fears of an engulfing femininity are here projected onto the metropolitan masses, who did indeed represent a threat to the rational bourgeois order.[…]We may want to relate Le Bon's social psychology of the masses back to modernism's own fears of being sphinxed.
Word: aenigma Part of Speech: noun 1. Archaic spelling of enigma. Labels: alt-of, archaic
Word: pestis Part of Speech: noun 1. Plague. Labels: uncommon, uncountable Example: page 198: [...] a name ordinarily given, then and for ages preceding, to the bubonic pestis. page 213: Another species of pestis in Sauvages Nosology is, from the accounts of various writers on the Lues bovilla, intimately connected with that [of distemper].
Word: crus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin crūs. 1. The shin (tibia and fibula) 2. A leglike part; shank
Word: crus Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of cru Labels: form-of, plural
Word: omen Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin ōmen (“foreboding, omen”). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊ̯mən/, /ˈɵ̞ʊ̯mən/, /ˈoʊ̯mən/, /ˈɔʊ̯mən/ 1. Something which portends or is perceived to portend either a good or evil event or circumstance in the future, or which causes a foreboding; a portent or augury. Example: The ghost's appearance was an ill omen. Example: A rise in imports might be an omen of economic recovery. 2. A thing of prophetic significance. Example: A sign of ill omen.
Word: omen Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin ōmen (“foreboding, omen”). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊ̯mən/, /ˈɵ̞ʊ̯mən/, /ˈoʊ̯mən/, /ˈɔʊ̯mən/ 1. To be an omen of. Labels: transitive 2. To divine or predict from omens. Labels: intransitive
Word: Hispania Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Latin Hispānia. Doublet of Spain. 1. The Iberian Peninsula, a peninsula and historical region of Southern Europe covering modern-day Spain, Portugal and Andorra, when under the control of Ancient Rome; split into between two and five Roman provinces, depending on the time period. Labels: historical
Word: Big Ben Part of Speech: name Etymology: Disputed, possibly after Sir Benjamin Hall, who oversaw the installation of the Great Bell, or after English boxer Ben Caunt. 1. The hour bell in the Elizabeth Tower (formerly known as the Clock Tower), adjacent to the Houses of Parliament in Westminster, London, United Kingdom. 2. The clock tower itself. Labels: metonymically Example: He pulled up his sleeve and there on his scrawny arm hung a Rolex the size of Big Ben.
Word: od Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Alteration of God. Pronunciation: /ɒd/, /ɑd/ 1. (Euphemistic form of) God. Labels: archaic, regional
Word: od Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from German Od, arbitrarily coined by the German scientist and philosopher Carl Reichenbach (1788–1869). Pronunciation: /ɒd/, /əʊd/, /ɑd/, /ɔd/, /oʊd/ 1. A hypothetical force or natural power, which was supposed by Carl Reichenbach and others to inhere in certain people and produce phenomena such as animal magnetism and mesmerism, and to be developed by various agencies, as by chemical or vital action, heat, light, magnets, etc. Labels: also, attributive, historical
Word: olio Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Spanish olla or Portuguese olha, both from Latin olla (“pot, jar”). Pronunciation: /ˈəʊliəʊ/, /ˈoʊlioʊ/ 1. A rich, thick, Spanish stew consisting of meat and vegetables. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A medley or mixture; a hotchpotch. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: The late Refinements in Knowledge, running parallel to thoſe of Dyet in our Nation, which among Men of a judicious Taſte, are dreſt up in various Compounds, conſiſting in Soups and Ollios, Fricaſſées and Ragouſts. 3. A collection of various musical, theatrical or other artistic works; a miscellany. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable 4. Vaudeville or similar miscellaneous musical or theatrical entertainment skits presented between the main acts of burlesque or minstrel shows. Labels: broadly, countable, figuratively, uncountable
Word: oases Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /əʊˈeɪsiːz/ 1. plural of oasis Labels: form-of, plural
Word: oca Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish oca, from Quechua uqa. 1. Any of species Oxalis tuberosa (syn. Oxalis crenata), which bear edible tubers. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: comparable Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English comparable, from Middle French comparable, from Latin comparābilis. By surface analysis, compare + -able. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒmpəɹəbəl/, [ˈkʰɒmpʰəɹəbəl] ~ [ˈkʰɒmpʰɹəbl̩], /kəmˈpæɹəbəl/, [kəmˈpæɹəbəl] ~ [kəmˈpæɹəbl̩], /ˈkɑmpɚəbəl/ 1. Able to be compared (to). Labels: often Example: An elephant is comparable in size to a double-decker bus. Example: You can't say that robbing a bank is like pickpocketing. The two are just not comparable. 2. Similar (to); like. Labels: often Example: Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, another solvent, which has the well-known property of causing this type of cancer. 3. Constituting a pair in a particular partial order. Example: Six and forty-two are comparable in the divides order, but six and nine are not. 4. Having comparative and superlative forms. Example: "Big" is a comparable adjective because it can take the forms "bigger" and "biggest"; "unique" and "amazing", in contrast, are not comparable adjectives.
Word: comparable Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English comparable, from Middle French comparable, from Latin comparābilis. By surface analysis, compare + -able. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒmpəɹəbəl/, [ˈkʰɒmpʰəɹəbəl] ~ [ˈkʰɒmpʰɹəbl̩], /kəmˈpæɹəbəl/, [kəmˈpæɹəbəl] ~ [kəmˈpæɹəbl̩], /ˈkɑmpɚəbəl/ 1. Something suitable for comparison. Example: And the appraiser said he couldn't come up with comparables, because there hadn't been any sales nearby in several months.
Word: compare Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English comparen, from Old French comparer, from Latin comparare (“to prepare, procure”), from compar (“like or equal to another”), from com- + par (“equal”). Displaced native Old English metan (“to compare,” also “to measure”). Pronunciation: /kəmˈpɛɚ/, [kəmˈpɛɚ], [kəmˈpɛɹ], [kəmˈpeɚ], [kəmˈpeɹ] 1. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things ["to compare X with Y"]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it similar to Y or different from Y. Labels: transitive Example: Compare the tiger's coloration with that of the zebra. Example: You can't compare my problems and yours. 2. To declare two things to be similar in some respect ["to compare X to Y"]. Labels: transitive Example: Astronomers have compared comets to dirty snowballs. Example: Solon compared the people unto the sea, and orators and counsellors to the winds; for that the sea would be calm and quiet if the winds did not trouble it. 3. To form the three degrees of comparison of (an adjective). Labels: transitive Example: We compare "good" as "good", "better", "best". 4. To be similar (often used in the negative). Labels: intransitive Example: A sapling and a fully-grown oak tree do not compare. Example: Shall pack-horses[…]compare with Caesar's? 5. To get; to obtain. Labels: obsolete Example: To fill his bags, and richesse to compare.
Word: compare Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English comparen, from Old French comparer, from Latin comparare (“to prepare, procure”), from compar (“like or equal to another”), from com- + par (“equal”). Displaced native Old English metan (“to compare,” also “to measure”). Pronunciation: /kəmˈpɛɚ/, [kəmˈpɛɚ], [kəmˈpɛɹ], [kəmˈpeɚ], [kəmˈpeɹ] 1. Comparison. Labels: uncountable Example: His mighty Champion, ſtrong above compare, Example: Their small galleys may not hold compare with our tall ships. 2. An instruction or command that compares two values or states. Labels: countable Example: […] including addition and subtraction, memory operations, compares, shifts, logic operations, and condition operations. Example: 2013, Paolo Bruni, Carlos Alberto Gomes da Silva Junior, Craig McKellar, Managing DB2 for z/OS Utilities with DB2 Tools Solution Packs It is always advisable to run a compare between your source and target environments. This should highlight whether there are differences in the lengths of VARCHARs and then the differences can be corrected before you clone. 3. Illustration by comparison; simile. Labels: obsolete, uncountable Example: Rhymes full of protest, of oath, and big compare.
Word: -est Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Middle English -est, from Old English -est, -ost, from Proto-West Germanic *-ist, *-ōst, from Proto-Germanic *-istaz, *-ōstaz, related to comparative -er. Cognate of Afrikaans -ste, Dutch -st, German -(e)st, Danish -(e)st, Swedish -(a)st. Via PIE cognate with Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos), see Pleistocene, protist. Pronunciation: /ɪst/, /əst/ 1. Used to form the superlative of adjectives and adverbs. Labels: morpheme Example: longest, biggest, fastest, motliest
Word: -est Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Middle English -est, -st, from Old English -est, -ast, -st, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-zi, from Proto-Indo-European *-si. The -t was by transfer from inverted order where thou followed the verb, which also occurred in most dialects of Middle Dutch and Middle High German (compare modern German -st). Pronunciation: /ɪst/, /əst/ 1. Used to form the second-person singular present tense and past tense of verbs. (if thou is the subject; not used with you) Labels: archaic, dialectal, morpheme Example: goest, makest, wentest, madest
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er Inherited from Middle English -ere, -er, from Old English -ere, from Proto-West Germanic *-ārī, from Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz, usually thought to have been borrowed from Latin -ārius; see Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz for an alternate theory. Reinforced by Middle English -er, from Old French -ier, also from Latin -ārius; compare the synonymous but unrelated Old French -or, -eor (Anglo-Norman variant -our), from Latin -(ā)tor, from Proto-Indo-European *-tōr. The "inhabitant" sense is sometimes connected to Middle English -wær(r)e, -ware, from Old English -ware (suffix denoting residency), from Proto-West Germanic *-wari, from Proto-Germanic *warjaz (“inhabitant”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to protect”). Cognates Cognate with Saterland Frisian -er, West Frisian -er, Dutch -er, German Low German -er, German -er, Danish -er, Swedish -are and Icelandic -ari. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. A person or thing that does an action indicated by the root verb; used to form an agent noun. Labels: morpheme Example: read + -er → reader Example: see + -er → seer 2. A person or thing to which the root verb is done or can be done satisfactorily. Labels: informal, morpheme Example: look + -er → looker (“an attractive person”) Example: keep + -er → keeper (“a person or thing worth keeping”) 3. A person whose occupation is the root noun; (more broadly, occasionally with adjectives) a person characterized by the root. Labels: morpheme Example: astrology + -er → astrologer Example: baby boom + -er → baby boomer 4. A person or thing to which a certain number or measurement applies. Labels: morpheme Example: six + -er → sixer Example: six foot + -er → six-footer 5. Used to form nouns shorter than more formal synonyms. Labels: morpheme, slang Example: percent + -er → percenter (“commission agent”) Example: one hand + -er → one-hander (“one-man show”) 6. A person who is associated with, or supports a particular theory, doctrine, or political movement. Labels: morpheme Example: birth + -er → birther Example: flat earth + -er → flat-earther 7. A thing that is related in some way to the root, such as by location or purpose. Labels: morpheme Example: bacon + -er → baconer (“pig raised for bacon”) Example: chocolate chip + -er → chocolate chipper (“cookie containing chocolate chips”) 8. Indicates a correspondence or coincidence between the action or condition indicated by the root and the noun being described. Labels: morpheme, slang Example: piss + -er → pisser (“a hilariously funny event or situation”) 9. Suffix denoting a resident or inhabitant of (the place denoted by the proper noun); used to form a demonym. Labels: morpheme Example: New York + -er → New Yorker Example: London + -er → Londoner 10. Suffix denoting residency in or around a place, district, area, or region. Labels: morpheme Example: island + -er → islander Example: highland + -er → highlander
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: Inherited from Middle English -re, -er, from Old English -ru (plural suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-izō (plural suffix). Cognate with Dutch -er (plural ending), German -er (plural ending). See also -ren. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. Suffix used to form the plural of a small number of English nouns. Labels: idiomatic, morpheme, obsolete Example: childer, calver, lamber, linder ("loins")
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-yōs Proto-Germanic *-izô Proto-West Germanic *-iʀō Proto-Germanic *-ōzô Proto-West Germanic *-ōʀō Old English -ra Middle English -ere English -er From Middle English -ere, from Old English -ra, from Proto-West Germanic *iʀō, *-ōʀō, from Proto-Germanic *-izô or Proto-Germanic *-ōzô (a derivative of Etymology 4, below); related to superlative -est. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. More; used to form the comparative. Labels: morpheme Example: hard + -er → harder Example: wet + -er → wetter
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Middle English -er, from Old English -or, from Proto-West Germanic *-ōʀ, Proto-Germanic *-ōz. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. More; used to form the comparative. Labels: morpheme
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *-urōną Proto-West Germanic *-urōn Old English -erian Middle English -eren English -er From Middle English -eren, -ren, -rien, from Old English -erian, -rian, from Proto-West Germanic *-rōn, *-iʀōn, from Proto-Germanic *-rōną or *-izōną. Cognate with West Frisian -erje, Dutch -eren, German -eren, -ern, Danish -re, Swedish -ra. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. Frequently; used to form frequentative verbs. Labels: morpheme Example: twitter, clamber, bicker, mutter, wander, flutter, flicker, slither, smother, sputter
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Middle English -er, from Anglo-Norman -er, Old French -er, the infinitive verbal ending. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. Instance of (the verbal action); used to form nouns from verbs. Labels: morpheme Example: disclaim + -er → disclaimer Example: remit + -er → remitter
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Middle English -er, -ere (diminutive suffix). Compare -el. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. Used to form diminutives. Labels: morpheme Example: shive + -er → shiver Example: slive + -er → sliver
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: Attested in the UK since the 19th century. Originally Rugby School slang. Later adopted by Oxford University and then wider British society. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. Used to form slang or colloquial equivalents of words. Labels: morpheme Example: association + -er → soccer (“association football”) Example: football + -er → footer (“association football”)
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Middle English -er, from Old English -er, -or, from Proto-Germanic *-raz. Compare -le. Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. A suffix creating adjectives from verbs, indicating aptitude, proneness, or tendency toward a specified action Labels: dialectal, morpheme Example: clive + -er → cliver (“apt to cleave or adhere to, tenacious, expert as seizing”) Example: slip + -er → slipper (“tending to make slip, slippery”)
Word: -er Part of Speech: suffix Etymology: From Mandarin -兒 /-儿 (-ér). Pronunciation: /ə/, /ɐ/, /ɚ/, [ɹ̩] 1. Junior, child, younger person. (Attached to a name, usually one syllable of the given name.) Labels: Chinese, morpheme Example: Li’er said hello to his father. Example: Yue’er began to laugh again and her tears shimmered like dew on a lotus leaf disturbed by a breeze. Then we heard a sound. It was Man’er.
Word: advert Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of advertisement. Pronunciation: /ˈædvɜːt/, [ˈædvɜːt], /ˈædvɝt/, [ˈædvɝt] 1. An advertisement, an ad. Labels: UK, informal Example: This was a wonderful advert for the Premier League, with both Chelsea and United intent on all-out attack - but Ferguson will be concerned at how his side lost their way after imperiously controlling much of the first period. Example: When I was writing my 'Tube Talk' column, a man sent me a letter complaining about the advertisement of cars on the Underground. Why would the Underground masochistically promote a rival transport mode? The answer, I discovered, was that the adverts on the network must not 'harm the brand', and a car advert per se was not deemed to do that. However, a car advert that said 'Why are you using this horrible Tube when you could be driving one of our lovely cars?' would not be allowed.
Word: advert Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English adverten, from Old French advertir (“to notice”), from Latin advertere (“to turn toward”). See also adverse. Pronunciation: /ædvˈɜːt/, [ædvˈɜːt], /ædvˈɝt/, [ædvˈɝt] 1. To take notice, to pay attention (to). Labels: intransitive Example: At a time when creation seems to be endangered in so many ways through human activity, we should consciously advert to this dimension of Sunday, too. 2. To turn attention to, to take notice of (something). Labels: obsolete, transitive 3. To turn attention to, to take notice of (something). Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: To meditate, one must advert the mind toward the breath 4. To call attention, refer (to). Labels: intransitive Example: ‘I have before suggested that a genuine blackguard is never without a pocket-handkerchief. But it is not to this fact that I now especially advert.’ Example: As soon as Miss Fairlie had left the room he spared us all embarrassment on the subject of the anonymous letter, by adverting to it of his own accord.