nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: physiology Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *bʰuHyéti Ancient Greek φῠ́ω (phŭ́ō) Proto-Indo-European *-tis Ancient Greek -τις (-tis) Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs) Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek -λογίᾱ (-logíā) Ancient Greek φῠσῐολογίᾱ (phŭsĭologíā)bor. Latin physiologiabor. French physiologie English physiology From French physiologie, from Latin physiologia, from Ancient Greek φυσιολογία (phusiología, “natural philosophy”), from φύσις (phúsis, “nature”) + λόγος (lógos, “word”). Equivalent to physio- + -logy. Pronunciation: /ˌfɪziˈɒləd͡ʒi/, /ˌfɪziˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ 1. A branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: So he clung to the sides of the vertical tunnel, le wormhole, employing the setules covering his legs, that is, millions of tiny spider-hairs with triangular tips, a wall-creeper physiology if you wish, a hang-upside-down-from-the-ceiling anatomical boon. 2. The biology and/or form of a living organism. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The study and description of natural objects; natural science. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: changed Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒd/ 1. Having undergone a change. Example: I'm a changed man since joining the local church. Example: "May I inquire if it is a recent photograph of the gentleman, sir?" he asked. "About six years ago," said the lieutenant, taking in this new actor in the drama with frank curiosity. "But he is very little changed."
Word: changed Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒd/ 1. simple past and past participle of change Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: vituperation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin vituperātiō (“censure, blame”), equivalent to vituperate + -ion. Pronunciation: /v(a)ɪˌtjuːpəˈɹeɪʃən/, /v(a)ɪˌt(j)upəˈɹeɪʃən/ 1. The act of vituperating; severely blaming or censuring. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Criticism or invective that is sustained and overly harsh; abuse, severe blame or censure. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: ...but, for several successive days, as she was careful in observing the strictest regimen (..), she actually became much better, especially as to these favourable circumstances was added great calmness of temper, she wisely substituting the quiet sneer of contempt for angry vituperation and vindictive scorn. Example: "Do you call me a spy?" / "And what have you called me? Because you are a husband, is the privilege of vituperation to be all on your side?"
Word: megabase Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s Proto-Hellenic *mégas Ancient Greek μέγᾰς (mégăs)der. English mega- English base English megabase From mega- + base. 1. A length of nucleic acid containing one million nucleotides (bases if single-stranded, base pairs if double-stranded) 2. A very large player-built structure where the player lives.
Word: kilobase Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From kilo- + base. Pronunciation: /ˈkɪl.ə.beɪs/ 1. A length of double-stranded DNA containing two thousand nucleotides, one thousand on each strand. 2. A length of single-stranded RNA containing one thousand nucleotides.
Word: ablutophobe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin ablutio (“a washing”) + Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos, “fear”). 1. A person who fears bathing.
Word: throwed Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Regularized form of threw and thrown. Pronunciation: /θɹəʊd/, /θɹoʊd/ 1. simple past of throw; threw. Labels: dialectal, form-of, nonstandard, past Example: I come a booming down on a cut bank with smoky ghosts of big trees on it, and the current throwed me off to the left and shot by, amongst a lot of snags that fairly roared, the current was tearing by them so swift. Example: The Devil looked around and he picked the next biggest one he could find and he throwed it over the fence. 2. past participle of throw; thrown. Labels: dialectal, form-of, nonstandard, participle, past Example: If they want a light-weight, to be throwed for practice, Cornwall, Devonshire, or Lancashire, let ’em throw me. Example: I reckoned Tom Sawyer couldn’t a done it no neater himself. Of course he would a throwed more style into it, but I can’t do that very handy, not being brung up to it.
Word: abydocomist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek Ἀβυδοκόμης (Abudokómēs), after the town Ἄβυδος (Ábudos, “Abydos”), the inhabitants of which were known for inventing slanders and boasting of them. Pronunciation: /æbɪdəˈkəʊmɪst/, /æbɪdəˈkoʊmɪst/ 1. A liar or sycophant who boasts of his falsehood. Labels: archaic Example: The character Sir John Falstaff from Shakespeare's plays (Henry IV Part 1, Henry IV Part 2, Henry V, and The Merry Wives of Windsor) is a famous example of an abydocomist. Falstaff: "I may lie, but I am no counterfeit." (paraphrased) Example: Most of us, I am afraid, are only nominal Christians, but at least there are no Sethians or Seleucians among us, not even a single bitter abydocomist. Convert has slipped from our vocabularies.
Word: acalculiac Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From acalculia + -ac. Pronunciation: /ˌeɪkælˈkjulɪək/ 1. One who is unable, as a result of mental disability sometimes caused by brain injury, to employ basic mathematical skills
Word: smeghead Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From smeg + head, from television series Red Dwarf. 1. A fool. Labels: derogatory, slang
Word: acalculia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)der. English a- Latin calculare Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -iader. English -ia English acalculia From a- (negative prefix) + Latin calculare (“to calculate”) + English -ia (“pathological condition”). Pronunciation: /ˌeɪ.kælˈkjuː.lɪ.ə/, /ˌeɪ.kælˈkjuː.li.ə/ 1. The condition of lacking basic mathematical skills caused by a brain injury, or more specifically an injury to the parietal lobe. Labels: uncountable
Word: upgrade Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From up- + grade. Pronunciation: /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ 1. An upward grade or slope. Example: The Worthens sighed with relief as the engine began its night of upgrade chugging. 2. An improved component or replacement item, usually applied to technology. Example: Near-synonym: option Example: With my phone company, I get a free upgrade every twelve months if I keep topping up 10 pounds a month. 3. An improvement. Example: The remarried couples among my friends often joke that their divorce and remarriage amounted to an upgrade. Example: "When we're finished in 2024, this upgrade programme will provide a much-improved railway between London Waterloo and Portsmouth," said NR's Wessex Route Director Mark Killick.
Word: upgrade Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From up- + grade. Pronunciation: /əpˈɡɹeɪd/, /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ 1. To improve, usually applied to technology, generally by complete replacement of one or more components. Labels: transitive Example: When you upgrade your standard of living, you become addicted to that standard of living. 2. To replace with something better. Labels: transitive Example: I had to upgrade my anti-virus software to protect my computer from the newer threats. 3. To improve the equipment or furnishings of or services rendered to. Labels: transitive Example: They upgraded him to the latest model. Example: They were upgraded to first class. 4. To improve in condition or status. Labels: intransitive Example: She upgraded to a more successful husband. 5. To replace a program with a later version of itself, a version having a higher version number or marketed under a more recent product name. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: She waited a long time to upgrade from Windows 10 to Windows 11, hoping the worst bugs would be worked out before she took the plunge. Example: She waited a long time to upgrade Windows, hoping the worst bugs would be worked out before she took the plunge.
Word: upgrade Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From up- + grade. 1. Up a slope or grade. Labels: not-comparable, usually Example: Men fell out, worn-out, and there were sunstroke cases. It was an eight-mile march upgrade. Example: Northbound trains originating near the Ohio River faced a 26-mile climb upgrade to Flushing.
Word: ablutophobic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin ablutio (“a washing”) + Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos, “fear”). 1. Of or pertaining to or suffering from ablutophobia.
Word: acrocephalic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́κρος (ắkros)der. New Latinbor. English acro- English cephalic English acrocephalic From acro- + cephalic. Pronunciation: /ˌækɹəʊsəˈfælɪk/, /ˌækɹəsəˈfælɪk/, /ˌækɹoʊsəˈfælɪk/ 1. A person suffering from a pointed skull.
Word: acrocephalic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́κρος (ắkros)der. New Latinbor. English acro- English cephalic English acrocephalic From acro- + cephalic. Pronunciation: /ˌækɹəʊsəˈfælɪk/, /ˌækɹəsəˈfælɪk/, /ˌækɹoʊsəˈfælɪk/ 1. Possessing a pointed skull.
Word: acrocephaly Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From acro- + -cephaly, from Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros, “highest, on the extremity”) + κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”). 1. The condition of suffering from a pointed skull.
Word: duds Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /dʌdz/ 1. plural of dud Labels: form-of, plural
Word: duds Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /dʌdz/ 1. Clothing, especially for work or of rough appearance. Labels: UK, US, dated, informal, plural, plural-only Example: I looked at what I could see of my rough blue duds, which I had plenty of opportunity of contrasting with the gay attire of the citizens we had come across; […] Example: “I don't know how you and the ‘head,’ as you call him, will get on, but I do know that if you call my duds a ‘livery’ again there'll be trouble. […]” 2. One's personal property. Labels: obsolete, plural, plural-only, slang
Word: adipocere Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From adipo- + Latin cēra. Pronunciation: /ˈædɪpoʊˌsiɚ/, /ˈædəpoʊˌsiɚ/ 1. A brown, fatty, waxy substance (fatty acids) that forms on dead animal tissues in response to hydrolysis. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In some cases, however, brains outlast all other soft tissues and remain intact for hundreds or thousands of years. […] [Alexandra] Morton-Hayward's experiments suggest the brains endure through a process called molecular cross-linking, in which brain protein remnants and degraded lipids form a spongy polymer. […] The mechanism appears distinct from how some other bodily tissues are preserved after turning to adipocere, or "grave wax," which forms when body fats transform into a tallow-colored soaplike substance. "Adipocere forms in adipose tissue — that's buttocks, arms, cheeks," says Sonia O'Connor, an archaeologist and pioneering researcher of ancient brains at the University of Bradford in England. "There is no adipose tissue in the brain. It's the wrong chemistry."
Word: frenchified Part of Speech: adj 1. Alternative letter-case form of Frenchified. Labels: alt-of
Word: frenchified Part of Speech: verb 1. past participle of frenchify Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: fireship Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From fire + ship. 1. A wooden ship set alight and then sent floating into an enemy flotilla, with the aim of spreading the fire among them. Labels: historical Example: Fireships were famously used by Sir Francis Drake when fighting the Spanish Armada of 1588. Example: His attempt in 208 to cross the Yangtse was frustrated in the famous battle of Ch'ih-pi, in which his immense fleet was destroyed by his enemies' fireships, and most of his army slain. 2. A diseased prostitute. Labels: slang, vulgar
Word: gallows humor Part of Speech: noun 1. A form of comedy that still manages to be humorous in the face of, and in response to, a tragic or hopeless situation. Labels: US, idiomatic, uncountable Example: 1931, "German Falstaff" (review of The Mirror of Fools by Alfred Neumann), Time, 16 Jan., Author Neumann defiantly admits why he wrote this historical-romantic farce: "Because I wanted to fight against the general and my personal depression, and because in hard and bad times there is always one tragicomic feeling in place—gallows humor." Example: The term was part of the language before Freud wrote an essay on it -- 'gallows humour.' This is middle European humour, a response to hopeless situations. It's what a man says faced with a perfectly hopeless situation and he still manages to say something funny. Freud gives examples: A man being led out to be hanged at dawn says, 'Well, the day is certainly starting well.' It's generally called Jewish humour in this country. Actually it's humour from the peasants' revolt, the thirty years' war, and from the Napoleonic wars. It's small people being pushed this way and that way, enormous armies and plagues and so forth, and still hanging on in the face of hopelessness. Jewish jokes are middle European jokes. And the black humourists are gallows humourists, as they try to be funny in the face of situations which they see as just horrible.
Word: black humor Part of Speech: noun 1. A subgenre of comedy and satire that deals with subjects that are believed to be serious or controversial, such as death, divorce, drug abuse, etc. Labels: US, uncountable Example: Black humor is like food. Not everyone gets it.
Word: sailing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English saylinge, seilinge, variants of sailende, seilende; equivalent to sail + -ing. Cognate with Dutch zeilend (“sailing”). Pronunciation: /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of sail Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: sailing Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English saylinge, seilinge, variants of sailende, seilende; equivalent to sail + -ing. Cognate with Dutch zeilend (“sailing”). Pronunciation: /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ 1. Travelling by ship. Labels: not-comparable
Word: sailing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English seyling, sayling, from Old English seġling, seġlung (“sailing”), from Proto-West Germanic *siglingu, *seglungu, from Proto-Germanic *siglingō (“sailing”); equivalent to sail + -ing. Cognate with Middle Low German sēgelinge (“sailing”), Swedish segling (“sailing”), Icelandic sigling (“sailing”). Pronunciation: /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ 1. Motion across a body of water in a craft powered by the wind, as a sport or otherwise. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Navigation; the skill needed to operate and navigate a vessel. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The time of departure from a port. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A scheduled voyage by a ferry or ship. Labels: countable Example: 'Then I should like a full list of the warships in Pentland Harbour, recent sailings, and those expected, please. The "Navy List" I suppose you have here?' Example: New ships were built to the order of the Great Eastern Railway, and the service frequency increased, until March 1879, saw a sailing every weekday to Rotterdam, and a thrice-weekly service to Antwerp.
Word: navigation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French navigation, from Latin nāvigātiōnem, accusative singular of nāvigātiō (“sailing, navigation”), from nāvigō (“sail”). Morphologically navigate + -ion. Pronunciation: /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/ 1. The theory, practice and technology of charting a course for a road vehicle, ship, aircraft, or spaceship. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: An ocean-going yachtsman must be competent at night navigation 2. Traffic or travel by vessel, especially commercial shipping. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: CHESAPEAKE AND DELAWARE CANAL. Notice is hereby given, that this CANAL is NOW OPEN FOR NAVIGATION. The Locks are 100 feet in length, by 22 feet in width, and the Canal can be navigated by Vessels within those dimensions, and drawing 7 feet of water. The rates of Toll have been fixed so low, as to make this the CHEAPEST as well as the most EXPEDITIOUS and Safe channel of communication, between the waters of the Chesapeake and Delaware. Horses for towing vessels may be hired at reasonable prices at each end of the Canal. ☞ Any information in relation to the Canal, rates of Toll, &c. may be had, on application at the Company's Office, No. 44 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. ROBERT M. LEWIS, President; H. D. GILPIN, Secretary. Chesapeake & Delaware Canal Company. 3. A canal; a waterway comprising one or more canals and river stretches in communication with one another. Labels: countable, usually Example: the Schuylkill Navigation 4. The act of accessing different components of the user interface of software. Labels: uncountable, usually 5. The process of finding a way through a difficult situation. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: astrolabe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English astrelabie et al., from Middle French astrolabe, Old French astrelabe, from Ancient Greek ἀστρολάβος (astrolábos, “star-taking”), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star”) + λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”). Pronunciation: /ˈæs.tɹəˌleɪb/ 1. An astronomical and navigational instrument for gauging the altitude of the Sun and stars. Example: The shop carries more than a dozen sundials, mostly of bronze, plus an astrolabe ($650) of wrought iron. Example: The cafe serves a Moroccan breakfast (orange juice, yogurt, sweet crepes, honey and jam; 100 dirhams), and the Museum of Islamic Art offers wrought Persian astrolabes, Syrian copperwork and shimmering Moroccan textiles.
Word: destruct Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Back-formation from destruction. Pronunciation: /dɪˈstɹʌkt/ 1. To intentionally cause the destruction of. Labels: nonstandard, transitive 2. To invoke the destructor of. Labels: transitive 3. To self-destruct. Labels: intransitive
Word: lower-case Part of Speech: adj 1. Alternative spelling of lowercase. Labels: alt-of, alternative, not-comparable
Word: lower-case Part of Speech: verb 1. Alternative spelling of lowercase. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: Yet, as every rule has its exception, I have construed this dictum somewhat liberally and have as yet never failed to employ as big an A as I could command when the word American was used as an adjective, even while I lower-cased english, mexican and foreign nations generally. Example: If a capitalized word would be lower-cased in modern usage, we lower-cased it, but we did not capitalize any word that appeared lower-cased in the original.
Word: voucher Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From vouch + -er. The verb is from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈvaʊt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ 1. A piece of paper or other token that entitles the holder to a discount, or that can be exchanged for goods and services. Example: a voucher for a free kettle Example: This voucher entitles the bearer to a 20% discount on frozen goods. 2. A receipt. 3. One who or that which vouches. Example: To the fashionable world he cannot be a stranger […] and his having married a sister of the Duke of Leeds is a voucher for my assertion. Example: She is my sister—my own father’s daughter. Well; why do I believe it? The other day I had not so much as heard the remotest rumor of her existence; and what has since occurred to change me? What so new and incontestable vouchers have I handled? None at all. 4. A copy of a published advertisement sent by the agency to the client as proof of publication. Example: Most agencies also have a vouchers department. It is its responsibility to obtain a copy of every advertisement that appears in print. It supplies the accounts department with the relevant newspaper or magazine, which is affixed to the agency's invoice for the space. 5. A mechanical device used in shops for automatically registering the amount of money drawn. Labels: historical
Word: voucher Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From vouch + -er. The verb is from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈvaʊt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ 1. To establish the authenticity of; to vouch for. Labels: transitive 2. To provide a vouch for (an expenditure). Labels: transitive 3. To provide (a beneficiary) with a voucher. Labels: transitive
Word: voracious Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *gʷorh₃éh₂ Proto-Italic *worā Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin vorō Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂-k-s Proto-Italic *-āks Latin -āx Latin vorāx English -acious English voracious From Latin vorāx + English -acious. First attested in the 17th century. Pronunciation: /vɔːˈɹeɪ.ʃəs/, /vəˈɹeɪ.ʃəs/ 1. Wanting or devouring great quantities of food. Example: He is voracious by suppertime. Example: His appetite is voracious by suppertime. 2. Having a great appetite for anything; eager. Example: a voracious reader Example: If he carried chiefly his appetite, a zeal for tiled bathrooms, a conviction that the Pullman car is the acme of human comfort, and a belief that it is proper to tip waiters, taxicab drivers, and barbers, but under no circumstances station agents and ushers, then his Odyssey will be replete with good meals and bad meals, bathing adventures, compartment-train escapades, and voracious demands for money.
Word: vibrator Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin vibrātor, from Latin vibrō (“to vibrate”). By surface analysis, vibrate + -or. Pronunciation: /vaɪˈbɹeɪtə/, /ˈvaɪbɹeɪtɚ/, [ˈvaɪ̯bɹeɪ̯ɾɚ] 1. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. Example: They recommend a vibrator because it's a safe alternative to sex. Example: Mmm. I'm sick of my ‘Mighty Intruder’ vibrator with the flexible shaft and the textured head. 2. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. Labels: historical 3. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 4. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 5. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 6. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 7. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 8. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 9. A device that vibrates or causes vibration. 10. A device that vibrates or causes vibration.
Word: shipping Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English schipping, schyppynge, from schippen, schipen (“to take ship, navigate”), from Old English scipian (“to take ship; put in order, equip, man a ship”), equivalent to ship + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/, /ˈʃɪpiŋ/ 1. The transportation of goods. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: From the ground, Colombo’s port does not look like much.[…] But viewed from high up in one of the growing number of skyscrapers in Sri Lanka’s capital, it is clear that something extraordinary is happening: China is creating a shipping hub just 200 miles from India’s southern tip. 2. The body of ships belonging to one nation, port or industry; ships collectively. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Our overplus of shipping will we burn; / And, with the rest full-mann’d, from the head of Actium / Beat the approaching Caesar. Example: […] the Advantage appeared greatly on their Side, in Numbers of Shipping, and of Men; 3. Passage or transport on a ship. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The cost of sending an item or package using postal or carrier services. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The shipping is included in the quoted price. 5. Navigation. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: God send 'em good shipping.
Word: shipping Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sek-? Proto-Indo-European *-éyti Proto-Indo-European *skey-der.? Proto-Germanic *skipą Proto-West Germanic *skip Old English scip Middle English schip English ship English -ing English shipping From ship + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/, /ˈʃɪpiŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of ship Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: shipping Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of relationshipping. Pronunciation: /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/, /ˈʃɪpiŋ/ 1. The desire by followers of a fandom for two or more people, either real-life people or fictional characters, to be in a romantic or sexual relationship. Labels: slang, uncountable
Word: realistic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁ís Proto-Italic *reis Classical Latin rēs Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Late Latin reālisder. Old French reelbor. Middle English real English real Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English realist Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English realistic From realist + -ic. Pronunciation: /ˌɹɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/, /ˌɹiːjəˈlɪs.tɪk/, /ˌɹiːəˈlɪs.tɪk/ 1. Expressed or represented as being accurate, practicable, or not idealistic. Example: A realistic appraisal of the situation. Example: Scotland needed a victory by eight points to have a realistic chance of progressing to the knock-out stages, and for long periods of a ferocious contest looked as if they might pull it off. 2. Relating to the representation of objects, actions or conditions as they actually are or were. Example: A realistic novel about the Victorian poor. 3. Possible or practical to achieve; based on what is real or practical. Example: a realistic goal
Word: transportation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *térh₂t Proto-Indo-European *-ónts Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂ónts Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂n̥ts Proto-Italic *trāns Proto-Italic *trāns- Latin trāns- Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Indo-European *-téh₂ Proto-Indo-European *pr̥téh₂ Proto-Italic *portā Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Proto-Italic *portāō Latin portō Latin trānsportāreder. Old French transporterbor. Middle English transporten English transport Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English transportation From transport + -ation. Pronunciation: /tɹænspɔːˈteɪʃən/, /tɹænspɚˈteɪʃən/ 1. The act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc. Labels: US, uncountable, usually Example: We have to get people out of their cars and encourage them to use alternative forms of transportation. 2. Deportation to a penal colony. Labels: historical, uncountable, usually Example: Mulligan's sentence was commuted from death to transportation. Example: Redpath was sentenced to transportation for life, and his assets, amounting to over £25,000, went to reduce the sum that the Great Northern had to find. 3. A means of conveyance. Labels: US, uncountable, usually Example: Nice transportation, dude, but your brake lights are busted. 4. A ticket or fare. Labels: US, uncountable, usually Example: Sybil: [..] That reminds me, I haven't got my passes yet! Have you the transportation here from Cheyenne to San Francisco for Mrs. S. Johnston?" (Agent looks grave, goes back and fumbles at the papers on his desk, returns to the window with a slip of paper in his hand.) Agent: "We had transportation here made out for such a person, but it was called for several hours ago."
Word: penal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Old French peinal, from Medieval Latin penalis, from Latin poenalis, from poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “punishment”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂. Pronunciation: /ˈpiːnəl/ 1. Of or relating to punishment. Labels: not-comparable Example: penal servitude 2. Subject to punishment; punishable. Labels: not-comparable Example: a penal offence 3. Serving as a place of punishment. Labels: not-comparable Example: a penal colony 4. Exorbitant. Labels: not-comparable Example: a penal rate of interest
Word: sensation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French, from Medieval Latin sensatio, from Latin sensus. Pronunciation: /sɛnˈseɪʃən/ 1. A physical feeling or perception from something that comes into contact with the body; something sensed. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Captain Edward Carlisle, soldier as he was, martinet as he was, felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, her alluring smile; he could not tell what this prisoner might do. Example: Confining ourselves, for the moment, to sensations, we find that there are different degrees of publicity attaching to different sorts of sensations. If you feel a toothache when the other people in the room do not, you are in no way surprised; but if you hear a clap of thunder when they do not, you begin to be alarmed as to your mental condition. 2. Excitation of sensory organs. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Coordinate term: perception Example: In the dead state all is apparently without motion. No agent within indicates design, intelligence, or foresight: there is no respiration; […] no sensation; […] 3. A widespread reaction of interest or excitement. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: “Two or three months more went by; the public were eagerly awaiting the arrival of this semi-exotic claimant to an English peerage, and sensations, surpassing those of the Tichbourne case, were looked forward to with palpitating interest. […]” Example: Young Derby's odd genius developed remarkably, and in his eighteenth year his collected nightmare-lyrics made a real sensation when issued under the title Azathoth and Other Horrors. 4. A remarkable person. Labels: countable, dated, figuratively, uncommon, uncountable Example: You truly are a sensation. 5. A small serving of gin or sherry. Labels: archaic, countable, slang, uncountable Example: A Sensation . . . . Half-a-glass of sherry. Example: When men go into a 'sluicery' for a 'sensation,' a 'drain,' or a 'common sewer,' they call the glass of gin they seek, in allusion to the juniper, a 'nipper,' or, more briefly, a 'nip,' occasionally a 'bite,' and not unfrequently it turns out a 'flogger.'
Word: museum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin mūsēum (“library, study”), from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon), shrine of the Muses (Μοῦσα (Moûsa)). Doublet of mosaic. Pronunciation: /mjuːˈziːəm/, /mjuˈziəm/, /mjuˈzim/, /mjuˈzæm/, /ˈmju.zɪ.jəm/ 1. A building or institution dedicated to the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, cultural or artistic value. Example: visit the history museum Example: They're opening a new coin exhibition at the local museum.
Word: museum Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin mūsēum (“library, study”), from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon), shrine of the Muses (Μοῦσα (Moûsa)). Doublet of mosaic. Pronunciation: /mjuːˈziːəm/, /mjuˈziəm/, /mjuˈzim/, /mjuˈzæm/, /ˈmju.zɪ.jəm/ 1. To place in a museum. Labels: ambitransitive Example: I use daily those books that for others are museumed. The glass case approach depresses me, makes books into porcelain, guts them of what they are. Example: Such museuming provides evidence that the Gulf has started building up its defences to protect its national culture, which might be seen as threatened by modern, global societies. 2. To visit museums. Labels: colloquial, intransitive Example: I told her I'd do just one visit to start; I don't really have time to do a lot of museuming.
Word: probability theory Part of Speech: noun 1. The mathematical study of probability (the likelihood of occurrence of random events in order to predict the behavior of defined systems). Labels: uncountable
Word: exhibition Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French exhibicion. Equivalent to exhibit + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/ 1. An instance of exhibiting, or something exhibited. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A large-scale public showing of objects or products. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: There was an art exhibition on in the town hall. Example: a boat exhibition 3. A public display, intentional or otherwise, generally characterised as negative. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: a shameful exhibition Example: a disgusting exhibition 4. A demonstration of personal skill or feelings. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: "I could not have believed," remarked Francesca, "had I not witnessed it since my residence in your country, how the reality and the affectation of feeling can exist together. Before I left our solitary home, the very exhibition of emotion would have tempted me to doubt its truth. Now, I observe that some affect, as others shun, display; yet the feeling is equally true in both." 5. A financial award or prize given to a student (who becomes an exhibitioner) by a school or university, usually on the basis of academic merit. Labels: UK, countable, uncountable Example: He was a scholarship boy who had won an Exhibition to Oxford, and then, like so many others, had found himself thrown upon the slave market of pedagogy. Example: Despite a couple of rustications, he gained an exhibition to Cambridge. 6. A game which does not impact the standings for any major cup or competition. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: exhibition Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French exhibicion. Equivalent to exhibit + -ion. Pronunciation: /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/ 1. To participate in sexual exhibitionism. Labels: intransitive
Word: hypergeometric distribution Part of Speech: noun 1. A discrete probability distribution that describes the probability of k "successes" in a sequence of n draws without replacement from a finite population. Example: The hypergeometric distribution differs from the binomial distribution in that the random sample of n items is selected from a finite population of N items. With the hypergeometric distribution, there is no replacement. If N is large in respect to n (N>10n), the binomial distribution is a good approximation to the hypergeometric distribution. Example: 2013, Alexandr A. Borovkov, unspecified translator, Probability Theory, [2009, Alexandr A. Borovkov, Teoriya Veroyatnostei, Knizhnyi dom Librokom, 5th Edition], Springer, page 1, Sampling without replacement from a large population is considered, and convergence of the emerging hypergeometric distributions to the binomial one is formally proved.
Word: make an exhibition of oneself Part of Speech: verb 1. To embarrass oneself or others in public by behaving foolishly. Labels: UK, idiomatic Example: He tends to make an exhibition of himself at parties, trying to draw attention. Example: Stop making an exhibition of yourself and let others enjoy the moment.
Word: unleaded Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From un- + leaded. The US standard of identity comes from 40 CFR §79.32. Pronunciation: /ˌʌnˈlɛd.əd/ 1. Without lead. Labels: not-comparable 2. Containing no more than 0.05 grams of lead per gallon. Labels: not-comparable 3. Decaffeinated. Labels: US, not-comparable, slang Example: I order a draft beer and a decaf coffee for Cha. The bartender tells me in a nice way they don't have unleaded coffee. Example: “Could I get you a drink, coffee, or something?” “Unleaded coffee if Alex has any.” 4. Having low alcohol content. Labels: Australia, not-comparable, slang Example: Richie Pace ordered an unleaded beer.
Word: unleaded Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From un- + leaded. The US standard of identity comes from 40 CFR §79.32. Pronunciation: /ˌʌnˈlɛd.əd/ 1. past of unlead Labels: form-of, past
Word: unleaded Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From un- + leaded. The US standard of identity comes from 40 CFR §79.32. Pronunciation: /ˌʌnˈlɛd.əd/ 1. An unleaded fuel. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Because one of the unleadeds just might turn out to be the right gasoline for your car. By right, I mean the one that gives you the best balance between price and performance. Example: Check the pumps and you'll see some economy unleadeds with octane (antiknock) ratings as low as 86; some quality unleadeds rate as high as 89. 2. Decaffeinated coffee. Labels: US, slang, uncountable, usually Example: And while you may enjoy your morning coffee buzz, caffeine is active in the bloodstream for up to nine hours, so it is best to switch to unleaded after noon. 3. Low-alcohol beer. Labels: Australia, slang, uncountable, usually
Word: testator Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin testator (“one who makes a will, in Late Latin also one who bears witness”), from testari (“to bear witness, make a will”). See testament. Pronunciation: /ˈtɛˌsteɪ.tɚ/, /tɛsˈteɪ.tɚ/ 1. One who makes or has made a legally valid will. Example: […] there is an exception “in the cases of heir and executor, who may plead a release to the ancestor or testator whom they respectively represent; so also with respect to several tortfeasors, for in all these cases there is a privity between the parties which constitutes an identity of person”. Example: As it is, knowing that the testator was a gentleman of the highest intelligence and acumen, and that he has absolutely no relations living to whom he could have confided the guardianship of the child, we do not feel justified in taking this course.
Word: testatrix Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin testātrīx. By surface analysis, testator + -trix. Pronunciation: /tɛsˈteɪtɹɪks/ 1. A female testator.
Word: beyond the pale Part of Speech: prep_phrase Etymology: From beyond + the + pale (“wooden stake, picket; fence made from wooden stakes, palisade; bounds, limits; territory or defensive area within a specific boundary or under a given jurisdiction”), suggesting that anything outside an authority’s jurisdiction is uncivilized. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, there is insufficient evidence that the term originally referred to the English Pale, the part of Ireland directly under the control of the English government in the Late Middle Ages; or to the Pale of Settlement (Russian: Черта́ осе́длости (Čertá osédlosti)) which existed from 1791 to 1917 in the Russian Empire, where Jewish people were mostly relegated to living. The first attestation of this English translation of the Russian in the OED is 1890. The Google Ngram Viewer shows a fivefold increase in the use of the expression from 1801 to 1864. Pronunciation: /bɪˌjɒnd ðə ˈpeɪl/, /biˌ(j)ɑnd ðə ˈpeɪl/ 1. Of a person or their behaviour: outside the bounds of what is acceptable, or regarded as good judgment, morality, ethics, etc. Labels: idiomatic Example: The very date which put them beyond the pale as belligerents was that which they seem to have chosen in order to prove what active and valiant soldiers they still remained. Example: Socially Mack and the boys were beyond the pale. Sam Malloy didn't speak to them as they went by the boiler. They drew into themselves and no one could foresee how they would come out of the cloud. For there are two possible reactions to social ostracism - either a man emerges determined to be better, purer, and kindlier or he goes bad, challenges the world and does even worse things. This last is by far the commonest reaction to stigma. 2. Used other than as an idiom; generally followed by of: beyond the extent or limits. Example: Are they to be placed like devils beyond the pale of all human charities, and to be denied all kindly and benevolent offices? Example: […]but he was essentially a lone traveller in areas beyond the pale of human society.
Word: obsolescent Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin obsolēscēns. Pronunciation: /ɒbsəˈlɛsənt/, /ɑbsəˈlɛsənt/ 1. In the process of becoming obsolete, but not obsolete yet. Example: How can I live among this gentle obsolescent breed of heroes, and not weep?
Word: resistance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From earlier resistence, from Middle English resistence, from Old French resistence, from Latin resistentia. Morphologically resist + -ance. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈzɪstəns/ 1. The act of resisting, or the capacity to resist. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: widespread resistance to the new urban development plans Example: the resistance of bacteria to certain antibiotics 2. A force that tends to oppose motion. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Electrical resistance. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A resistor. Labels: countable, dated, uncountable Example: In our study of simple electrical circuits, we have considered a single source of E.M.F. for each individual circuit but we have learned that any number of resistances may be connected in parallel […] 5. An underground organisation engaged in a struggle for liberation from forceful occupation; a resistance movement. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Alliance forces are stretched too thin right now to attempt to liberate the colony, but we've been doing what we can to covertly aid the local resistance.
Word: liberation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French libération, and from Latin liberatio, liberationem (“a freeing”), from liberare past participle liberatus (“set free”); see liberate. Equivalent to liberate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/ 1. The act of liberating or the state of being liberated. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The liberation of American slaves was accomplished by the Department of War, that of British slaves by the Exchequer. Example: People saw in the elders, who were closer to death, the manifestation of the divine force that was thought to achieve its full liberation at death. 2. Synonym of conquest or theft. Labels: countable, euphemistic, ironic, uncountable 3. The achievement of equal rights and status, particularly as seen as freedom from historic and structural oppression. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: women's liberation... black liberation... gay liberation...
Word: better half Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Ultimately from such Latin poetic phrases as animae dīmidium meae (“half of my soul”) (Horace writing about Virgil), when it instead referred to a close friend (compare soulmate). First written instance of it meaning “spouse” was in 1580 by Sir Philip Sidney. 1. A person's spouse or lover, most commonly a man's wife. Example: Near-synonyms: other half (neutral valence), ball and chain (negative valence) Example: Let me ask my better half and get back to you. 2. A very close friend or companion. Labels: archaic
Word: isotach Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From iso- + Ancient Greek ταχύς (takhús, “fast”) (see tachy-). 1. An isoline linking places on a map which have equal wind speed.
Word: isopleth Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From iso- + Ancient Greek πλῆθος (plêthos, “a great number”). 1. A line drawn on a map through all points having the same value of some measurable quantity. 2. A line in a phase diagram indicating the same mole fraction.
Word: vehicle identification number Part of Speech: noun 1. A mandatory unique alphanumeric code (usually 17 characters long) assigned to each vehicle produced, stamped into the metal on the dashboard on the left-hand side (viewable through the windshield), and on the engine block and at least one other place somewhere on the body of the vehicle. Example: Seller of used car, who had fraudulently represented to buyer that the vehicle identification number (VIN) had been scratched out under windshield because former owner had been trying to prevent repossession of the car, was liable to buyer for punitive damages, based on having acted willfully or with reckless disregard for the consequences of the seller's conduct, even if the seller had not known the car had been "chop shopped" from two different vehicles.
Word: contour line Part of Speech: noun 1. A line on a map through points of equal elevation, often height above sea level.
Word: tendentious Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From tendency + -ious, after German tendenziös. Pronunciation: /tɛnˈdɛnʃəs/ 1. Having a tendency, written or spoken, with a partisan, biased or prejudiced purpose, especially a controversial one; implicitly or explicitly slanted; biased. Example: Near-synonyms: partisan, slanted, partial, prejudiced Example: That he was a supporter of the cause was clear, because his reports from the front were tendentious.
Word: Mandel Part of Speech: name Etymology: * Germanic surname (Dutch Mandel, German Mandel, Yiddish מאַנדל (Mandl), all meaning "almond"). Also found in Slovene as Mandelj. * As a south German and Austrian surname, variant of Mandl, from Mann + -l. * As a Dutch surname, from mandel (“sheaf of wheat”) (see Mandel below). * As a Jewish surname, variant of Mendel. 1. A surname. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A surname. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A surname. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A male given name transferred from the surname. Labels: countable, rare, uncountable 5. A village in Rüdesheim, Bad Kreuznach district, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A river in West Flanders, Belgium. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: isobar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἴσος (ísos, “equal”) + βάρος (báros, “weight”), equivalent to iso- + bar-. 1. A line drawn on a map or chart connecting places of equal or constant pressure. 2. A set of points or conditions at constant pressure. 3. Either of two nuclides of different elements having the same mass number.
Word: isotherm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the French isotherme (“of equal temperature”, adjective), itself from Ancient Greek ἴσος (ísos, “equal”) + θέρμη (thérmē, “warmth”). By surface analysis, iso- + -therm. Pronunciation: /ˈaɪ.səʊˌθɜː(ɹ)m/ 1. A line on a graph or chart, such as a weather map, along which all the points have the same temperature.
Word: isodrosotherm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From iso- + Ancient Greek δρόσος (drósos, “dew”) + Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós, “warm”) (equivalent to thermo-). 1. A line of equal or constant dew point on a graph or chart, such as a weather map.
Word: isogon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From iso- + -gon. 1. An equiangular polygon. 2. A line of equal or constant wind direction on a graph or chart, such as a weather map. 3. A line of equal or constant magnetic declination on a chart; an isogonic line.
Word: isohyet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From iso- + Ancient Greek ὑετός (huetós, “rain”). Pronunciation: /ˈaɪ.soʊˌhaɪ.ɪt/ 1. A line of equal rainfall on a map or chart, such as a weather map. Example: On the yearly rainfall map, the 10-inch (250 mm) isohyet separates viable cropland from desert.
Word: isoquant Part of Speech: noun 1. A line of equal or constant economic production on a graph, chart or map.