nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: retread Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English tread English retread From re- + tread (“grooves carved into the face of a tire”, noun). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈtɹɛd/, /ˈɹiː.tɹɛd/ 1. To replace the traction-providing surface of a vehicle that employs tires, tracks or treads. 2. To renew the tread of a tyre, providing a cheaper alternative to buying a new tyre, but potentially introducing a risk of premature failure if performed improperly. Labels: UK Example: There was no evidence to suggest that the fact that both tyres had been retreaded 3 times was a factor in the failure occurrence. This type of aircraft tyre (Type VII) is routinely retreaded 6 times or more before being taken out of service.
Word: retread Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English tread English retread From re- + tread (“grooves carved into the face of a tire”, noun). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈtɹɛd/, /ˈɹiː.tɹɛd/ 1. A used tire whose surface, the tread, has been replaced to extend its life and use. 2. A person who re-entered military service in World War II after serving in World War I. Labels: slang Example: In Our War the Retreads usually slinked in over-aged, over-weight and overcautious in the face of a new generation. Example: They were retreads and recruits under a small cadre of Regular Army officers and noncoms.
Word: retread Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English tread English retread From re- + tread (verb). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈtɹɛd/ 1. To tread again, to walk along again, to follow a path again. Labels: transitive Example: As a child I had not been content with the results promised by the modern professors of natural science. With a confusion of ideas only to be accounted for by my extreme youth and my want of a guide on such matters, I had retrod the steps of knowledge along the paths of time and exchanged the discoveries of recent inquirers for the dreams of forgotten alchemists. Besides, I had a contempt for the uses of modern natural philosophy.
Word: retread Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English tread English retread From re- + tread (verb). Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈtɹɛd/ 1. A return over ground previously covered; a retraversal or repetition. Labels: figuratively, sometimes Example: But The West Side Waltz is otherwise a tedious retread of Mr. Thompson's previous effort, On Golden Pond. Example: It uses a howitzer to shoot drugged fish in a barrel, inserts flabby lite-surrealism where the comedy might otherwise go and the plot turns out to be a retread of JM Barrie’s stage-play The Admirable Crichton.
Word: unsuitableness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English unsuitable Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English unsuitableness From unsuitable + -ness. 1. The state or quality of being unsuited or inappropriate. Labels: uncountable Example: At the next lifting of the latch there entered a person with his hat awry upon his head, his clothes perversely ill-suited to his form, his eyes staring in directions opposite to their intelligence, and a certain odd unsuitableness pervading his whole figure.
Word: sedimentary Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English sediment Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusder. Middle English -arie English -ary English sedimentary From sediment + -ary. Pronunciation: /ˌsɛd.əˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/, /ˌsɛd.əˈmɛn.tɹi/ 1. Made by the deposition and compression of small particles. Labels: not-comparable Example: It's a geological wonderland, with great exposures of colorful and varied sedimentary rocks.
Word: sedimentary Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English sediment Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusder. Middle English -arie English -ary English sedimentary From sediment + -ary. Pronunciation: /ˌsɛd.əˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/, /ˌsɛd.əˈmɛn.tɹi/ 1. A rock of this kind. Example: The absence of sedimentaries and metasedimentaries in W52 suggest it is not from the Sepik north coast, which is defined by heterogeneous lithic inclusions derived from the Torricelli Mountains.
Word: art for art's sake Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Calque of French l'art pour l'art, a phrase credited to Théophile Gautier. See the Wikipedia article for more. 1. Art with no function; whose only purpose is beauty. Labels: uncountable
Word: heehaw Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of hee-haw. Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable
Word: heehaw Part of Speech: intj 1. Alternative spelling of hee-haw. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: heehaw Part of Speech: verb 1. Alternative spelling of hee-haw. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: rubby-dub Part of Speech: noun 1. A drunkard, especially one who drinks alcohol in non-beverage form, e.g. rubbing alcohol or canned heat. Labels: slang
Word: posable Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English pose Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlom Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlis Proto-Italic *-ðlis Latin -bilis Latin -ābilis Old French -ablebor. Middle English -able English -able English posable From pose + -able. 1. Able to be posed. Example: a posable question Example: a posable figurine
Word: shameful Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *skamō Proto-West Germanic *skamu Old English sċamu Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós Proto-Germanic *fullaz Proto-Germanic *-fullaz Old English -ful Old English sċeomfull Middle English schameful English shameful From Middle English schameful, schamfull, from Old English *sċeamfull, sċeomfull, equivalent to shame + -ful. Cognate with Danish skamfuld (“shameful, shamefast, ashamed”). Pronunciation: /ˈʃeɪmfəl/ 1. Causing or meriting shame or disgrace; disgraceful Example: shameful publicity Example: a shameful act 2. Giving offense.
Word: circumflex accent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From circumflex + accent or calque of Latin accentus circumflexus. 1. Synonym of circumflex.
Word: jook-sing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Cantonese 竹升 (zuk1 sing1). See jook-sing on Wikipedia.Wikipedia . Pronunciation: /ˈdʒʊkˈsɪŋ/ 1. A Chinese person, especially a Cantonese person born in the United States or Canada, who has overly assimilated to Western culture and has little or no command of any Chinese language. Labels: derogatory, ethnic, slur
Word: sigmoid colon Part of Speech: noun 1. The S-shaped section of the large intestine between the descending colon and the rectum.
Word: baby-sitting Part of Speech: verb 1. present participle and gerund of baby-sit Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: baby-sitting Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of babysitting. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: pop shot Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Possibly from pop (“rapid”) + shot; possibly confusion, by assonance, with pot shot. 1. A quickly aimed or haphazard shot with a firearm. 2. Synonym of money shot. Labels: slang
Word: babysitting Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. 1. present participle and gerund of babysit Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: babysitting Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From baby + sitting. 1. The work of a babysitter; the care of children in the temporary absence of their parents or guardians. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: But some have no parents, or none to speak of, and are living with a grandmother or uncle or married sister or sister who's not married but has three tots of her own to look after, or this unruly student's helping her to take care of them with babysitting or a paying after-school job.
Word: pot shot Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of potshot. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: Why should Jonathan, Ruth and all the others have to stay out there like sitting ducks as policemen and their smug reporter friends took pot shots at them?
Word: lunatic fringe Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The figurative sense was popularized by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, originally in reference to Cubist and Futurist art. 1. A woman's hairstyle in which the hair is cut square across the forehead. Labels: archaic, historical 2. A minority political or social group espousing extreme, fanatical, or irrational views. Example: Among the wise and high-minded people who in self-respecting and genuine fashion strive earnestly for peace, there are the foolish fanatics always to be found in such a movement and always discrediting it — the men who form the lunatic fringe in all reform movements.
Word: organotroph Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From organo- + -troph. 1. An organism that obtains its energy from organic compounds.
Word: lithotroph Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From litho- + -troph. 1. An organism that obtains its energy from inorganic compounds (such as ammonia) by means of electron transfer.
Word: moraine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French moraine, from Savoyard Italian morena, from Franco-Provençal mor, morre (“muzzle, snout”), from Vulgar Latin *murrum. Compare morion. Pronunciation: /məˈɹeɪn/, /mɒˈɹeɪn/ 1. An accumulation of rocks and debris carried and deposited by a glacier. Example: 1896, James Edward Todd, The Moraines of the Missouri Coteau, and Their Attendant Deposits, US Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 144, page 47, This fact is suggestive in connection with the question whether the moraines mark different epochs of the ice age or different stages in the recession of the ice of one epoch. This moraine, like the previous ones, influenced the drainage of the country. Several streams have evidently been located or directed by the influence of this moraine. Example: Prof. Dainelli made a personal study of the lakes of the Upper Indus lying between its confluence with the Gilgit on the west and the plains of Kashmir on the east. From this district he cites fifty lakes and groups of lakes. Many of these are moraine-dammed, but some of the larger ones, as the Satpor Tso, the Tso Moriri, the Chiun Tso, and the group of lakes associated with the Pángong Tso, he considers to have originated by glacial excavation.
Word: Savoyard Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French Savoyard. 1. A native or inhabitant of Savoy, a cultural region, largely part of the modern administrative region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. Example: He is one of the Emperor’s French-speaking subjects, not a Spaniard but a Savoyard.
Word: Savoyard Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from French Savoyard. 1. The dialect spoken in Savoy (Savoie and Haute-Savoie in France, canton of Valais in Switzerland, and in the Italian region of Aosta).
Word: gyttja Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Swedish. 1. A mud formed from the partial decay of peat. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Old Norse Part of Speech: name 1. The language of Scandinavia until the 14th century, the common ancestor of modern Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic.
Word: savoyard Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Italian savoiardo. 1. Ladyfinger cookie.
Word: baby sitting Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of babysitting. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: Hanukah Part of Speech: name 1. Alternative spelling of Hanukkah. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: A far-right Polish MP has extinguished candles on a menorah lit for Hanukah in Poland’s parliament, disrupting proceedings before a planned vote of confidence in the new government.
Word: Hanukkah Part of Speech: name Etymology: Originated 1890–95. From Hebrew חנוכה / חֲנֻכָּה (khanuká, “dedication, consecration”) from חָנַךְ (khanákh, “to dedicate, to consecrate”). Pronunciation: /ˈhæ.nə.kə/, /ˈhʌ.nʊ.kə/, /ˈhɑː.nə.kə/, /ˈxɑː.nə.kə/ 1. An eight-day Jewish festival, starting on the 25th day of Kislev, which commemorates the rededication of the temple in Jerusalem after the victory of the Maccabees over the Greek Syrians. Labels: Judaism Example: Rebecca and Roni Kopelman have been celebrating Christmas and Hanukkah since they got together in 2006, building the foundations of an interfaith household.
Word: cercopithecines Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of cercopithecine Labels: form-of, plural
Word: cercopithecine Part of Speech: noun 1. Any member of the taxonomic subfamily Cercopithecinae: various Old World baboons, monkeys and macaques.
Word: kindred soul Part of Speech: noun 1. Someone with the same feelings or attitudes as oneself; kindred spirit. Labels: idiomatic Example: Many of the participants found themselves among kindred souls who shared their interests.
Word: agronomist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English agronomy Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English agronomist From agronomy + -ist. Pronunciation: /əˈɡɹɒnəmɪst/, /əˈɡɹɑːnəmɪst/ 1. A scientist whose speciality is agronomy.
Word: agronomy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French agronomie, from agronome (“agriculturist”), from Ancient Greek ἀγρός (agrós, “field”) + νόμος (nómos, “law”). By surface analysis, agro- + -nomy. Pronunciation: /əˈɡɹɒnəmi/, /əˈɡɹɑːnəmi/ 1. The science of utilizing plants, animals and soils for food, fuel, feed, fiber, etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Near-synonym: husbandry
Word: allurement Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English allure Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom Proto-Italic *-mentom Latin -mentum Old French -mentbor. Middle English -ment English -ment English allurement From allure + -ment. Pronunciation: /əˈlʊɚmənt/, /əˈlɚmənt/ 1. Attractiveness; appeal, charisma. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He read the letter aloud. Sophia listened with the studied air of one for whom, even in these days, a title possessed some surreptitious allurement. 2. An enticement, inducement or bait. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: That though their Thoughts are ever turn'd upon appearing Aimiable, yet every Feature of their Faces and every Part of their Dress is fill'd with Snares and Allurements. Example: The sheer unimaginableness of coming into her mouth — of coming into anything other than the air or a tissue or a dirty sock — was an allurement too stupendous for a novice to forswear.
Word: anamnesis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνάμνησις (anámnēsis, “remembrance”), verbal noun of ἀναμιμνήσκω (anamimnḗskō), from ἀνα- (ana-) + μιμνῄσκω (mimnēískō, “call to mind”). Pronunciation: /ˌænæmˈniːsɪs/ 1. The ability to recall past events; recollection. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The remembrance and celebration of God’s works by the liturgy of the church. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A patient's account of their medical history. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 1898, Francis H. Stuart (translator), Oswald Vierordt, A Clinical Text-book of Medical Diagnosis for Physicians and Students, 4th Edition, [1897, O. Vierordt, Diagnostik der Innerer Krankheiten, 5th Edition], W. B. Saunders, page 19, But it is always well for the beginner to secure as complete an anamnesis, or prior history, as possible, in order that he may allow nothing of importance to escape his attention. The anamnesis generally begins with and involves the question as to whether the disease is acute or chronic, what organs are affected or inclined to be diseased. 4. The recollection of innate knowledge acquired before birth, according to Plato’s theory of epistemology. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: 1990, Stewart Umphrey, Zetetic Skepticism, Longwood Academic, page 13, There are also reasons for thinking that Socratic anamnesis, inquiry and learning are quite unlike anamnesis, inquiry and learning as ordinarily understood. 5. The mention of the past; quotation of exemplary authors from memory to establish one’s authority. Labels: countable, rhetoric, uncountable
Word: processing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By surface analysis, process + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈpɹəʊsɛsɪŋ/, /ˈpɹɑsɛsɪŋ/ 1. The action of the verb to process. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Not long ago, it was difficult to produce photographs of tiny creatures with every part in focus. That’s because the lenses that are excellent at magnifying tiny subjects produce a narrow depth of field. A photo processing technique called focus stacking has changed that. Example: For 75 years, it has fulfilled a wide range of roles: producing weapons-grade plutonium for early atomic weapons in the aftermath of the Second World War; the world's first commercial nuclear power station supplying electricity to the National Grid; reprocessing and storage of nuclear fuel; and the processing of lower grades of radioactive waste for off-site storage. 2. The act of taking something through a set of prescribed procedures. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The act of retrieving, storing, classifying, manipulating, transmitting etc. data, especially via computer techniques. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: processing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: By surface analysis, process + -ing. Pronunciation: /ˈpɹəʊsɛsɪŋ/, /ˈpɹɑsɛsɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of process Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: modal verb Part of Speech: noun 1. A verb whose primary function is to express grammatical mood. Example: Although at first glance combinations of two modal verbs might seem to be cases of grammatical distortion, their use is scientifically recognised.
Word: inducement Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English induce Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom Proto-Italic *-mentom Latin -mentum Old French -mentbor. Middle English -ment English -ment English inducement From induce + -ment. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdjuːsmənt/, [ɪnˈdjʊu̯smənt] ~ [ɪnˈdjʊu̯smn̩t], /ɪnˈd͡ʒuːsmənt/, [ɪnˈd͡ʒʊu̯smənt] ~ [ɪnˈd͡ʒʊu̯smn̩t], /ɪnˈdusmənt/ 1. An incentive that helps bring about a desired state. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Flagellation, especially among Orientals, is considered as much a sexual inducement as any other form of aphrodisiac. Example: These policies were intended to change the situational inducements to crime by giving youths work. 2. An incentive that helps bring about a desired state. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Citation of Richard Stallman ...it won't run on a free platform and (...) your program is actually an inducement for people to install non-free software. 3. An introductory statement of facts or background information. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The act of placing a port on a vessel's itinerary because the volume of cargo offered at that port justifies the cost of routing the vessel. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: hitchhiker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English hitchhike Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English hitchhiker From hitchhike + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈhɪtʃˌhaɪkə/, /ˈhɪtʃˌhaɪkɚ/ 1. A person or thing that hitchhikes. Example: It's a rough trip no matter how you come, for these washboard roads will loosen up even brandnew cars pretty fast; and hitchhikers always find the going bad. 2. An item attached to a travel bug and hidden in a geocache to be found and transported to other caches or around the world. 3. A dance move in which the dancer mimics the motions of someone thumbing a ride. 4. A bur that attaches and clings to clothing, or a bur-bearing plant. Labels: informal 5. An advertisement at the end of a program. Example: […] and networks have taken steps to modify or eliminate the bunching of spots and commercials between programs which results from the use of hitchhikers and cowcatchers.
Word: pastille Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Partly from the following: * From Late Middle English pastil, pastill (“crushed leek leaves; vegetable pulp”), borrowed from Old French pastel, probably from Latin pastillus, pastillum (“small bread roll; lozenge to freshen breath; medicated lozenge”), possibly from pāstus (“fed, nourished; consumed; having eaten; of an animal: driven to pasture, pastured; having browsed or grazed”) + -illus (diminutive suffix). Pāstus is the perfect passive participle of pāscō (“to feed, nourish; to maintain, support; of an animal: to drive to pasture, pasture; to browse, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect; to shepherd”). * Borrowed from French pastille (“candy or medicinal lozenge; small fragrant pellet burnt to perfume the air; pellet, pill”), and from its etymon Spanish pastilla (“candy or medicinal lozenge; small fragrant pellet burnt to perfume the air”), from Latin pastillus, pastillum; see above. Doublet of pastegh, pastel, pastiglia, pastila, and pastilla. Pronunciation: /ˈpæst(ɪ)l/, /pæsˈtil/ 1. A flavoured candy or sweet, often round and somewhat flat in shape. 2. Any small, usually round and somewhat flat, granular piece of material; a tablet. Example: Watercolors of professional quality come in small pastilles of dry pigment, in pans of semi-moist paint, or in tubes or bottles of liquid watercolor. 3. Any small, usually round and somewhat flat, granular piece of material; a tablet. Labels: historical, specifically Example: At the end he felt faint and sick, and having lit some Algerian pastilles in a pierced copper brazier, he bathed his hands and forehead with a cool musk-scented vinegar. 4. A medicinal pill, originally made of compressed herbs. Labels: historical Example: In the desperate search for amatory satisfactions, the most monstrous ingredients have throughout the ages, been sought and compounded into electuaries and pastilles, philtres and ointments. 5. A candy- or sweet-like lozenge, which, when sucked, releases substances that soothe a sore throat, and sometimes vapours to help unblock the nose or sinuses.
Word: pastille Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Partly from the following: * From Late Middle English pastil, pastill (“crushed leek leaves; vegetable pulp”), borrowed from Old French pastel, probably from Latin pastillus, pastillum (“small bread roll; lozenge to freshen breath; medicated lozenge”), possibly from pāstus (“fed, nourished; consumed; having eaten; of an animal: driven to pasture, pastured; having browsed or grazed”) + -illus (diminutive suffix). Pāstus is the perfect passive participle of pāscō (“to feed, nourish; to maintain, support; of an animal: to drive to pasture, pasture; to browse, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect; to shepherd”). * Borrowed from French pastille (“candy or medicinal lozenge; small fragrant pellet burnt to perfume the air; pellet, pill”), and from its etymon Spanish pastilla (“candy or medicinal lozenge; small fragrant pellet burnt to perfume the air”), from Latin pastillus, pastillum; see above. Doublet of pastegh, pastel, pastiglia, pastila, and pastilla. Pronunciation: /ˈpæst(ɪ)l/, /pæsˈtil/ 1. To make into a pastille. Labels: transitive
Word: pastille Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See pastel. Pronunciation: /ˈpæstl̩/, /pæsˈtɛl/ 1. Nonstandard spelling of pastel (“a crayon made from a type of dried paste; a drawing made using such crayons”). Labels: alt-of, nonstandard, obsolete Example: Best specimen of fancy painting, pastille, Emily C. Dills, Fort Wayne, Indiana. Example: Pastille, Crayon or Chalk on Photograph.
Word: VP Day Part of Speech: name Etymology: From initialism of victory (in the) Pacific + day. Australian from 1945. 1. Victory in the Pacific Day, being the anniversary of 15 August 1945, the day after Japanese forces surrendered in World War II. Labels: Australia
Word: metalanguage Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *me Proto-Indo-European *meth₂? Ancient Greek μετᾰ́ (metắ) Ancient Greek μετᾰ- (metă-)lbor. English meta- Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s Proto-Italic *dn̥ɣwā Latin dingua Latin lingua Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Italic *-ātos Latin -ātus Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icus Latin -āticus Latin -āticum Vulgar Latin *linguāticum Old French languagebor. Middle English langage English language English metalanguage From meta- + language. 1. Any language or vocabulary of terms used to describe or analyze a language or linguistic process. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In order to talk or theorise about phenomena, one inevitably uses a language that is in effect a metalanguage, a special instance of language that allows the theorist to stand back and describe what is happening. 2. Any similar language used to define a programming language Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: VJ Day Part of Speech: name Etymology: From initialism of victory (over) Japan + day. 1. Victory over Japan Day, being the anniversary of 15 August 1945, the day after Japanese forces surrendered in World War II; in the US celebrated on 14 August.
Word: irked Part of Speech: adj 1. Annoyed. Example: Pressured to deliver his film on time and within budget, Asher finally refused to give in to another of Cummings' demands. The irked actor stormed off the set. Bill shot around him for the rest of the day but then had to approach his unhappy star.
Word: irked Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of irk Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: modal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French modal, from Medieval Latin modālis (“pertaining to a mode”), from Latin modus (“mode”). Compare to French, Spanish, and Portuguese modal and Italian modale. By surface analysis, mod(e) + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈməʊdəl/, /ˈmoʊdəl/, /ˈməʉdəl/ 1. Of, or relating to a mode or modus. 2. Of, relating to, or describing the mood of a clause. 3. Of, relating to, or composed in the musical modi by which an octave is divided, associated with emotional moods in Ancient — and in medieval ecclesiastical — music. 4. Of, relating to, or composed in the musical modi by which an octave is divided, associated with emotional moods in Ancient — and in medieval ecclesiastical — music. Labels: broadly 5. Of, or relating to the modality between propositions. 6. Relating to the statistical mode. 7. Having separate modes in which user input has different effects. 8. Requiring immediate user interaction and thus presented so that it cannot be closed or interacted behind until a decision is made. Example: Dialogs can be modal, in which case the user is required to provide necessary information before work in the main window can continue, or modeless. Modeless dialogs do not prevent the user from interacting with any of the other windows in the application. Example: a modal dialog; a modal window 9. Relating to the form of a thing rather to any of its attributes.
Word: modal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French modal, from Medieval Latin modālis (“pertaining to a mode”), from Latin modus (“mode”). Compare to French, Spanish, and Portuguese modal and Italian modale. By surface analysis, mod(e) + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈməʊdəl/, /ˈmoʊdəl/, /ˈməʉdəl/ 1. A modal (etymology 1, adjective sense 4) proposition. 2. A modal (etymology 1, adjective sense 2) form, notably a modal auxiliary. 3. A modal verb. Example: Using the same type of distributional criterion, we could argue that only a Verb (in its base form) can occur in the position marked — in (23) below to complete the sentence: (23) They/it can — [...] Conversely, the only type of word which could be used to begin a three-word sentence such as (25) below: (25) — I be frank? is a Modal: cf. [...] 4. A modal (etymology 1, adjective sense 7) window, one that cannot be closed until a decision is made. Example: Modal screen elements are subtrees which, when activated, disable all elements external to them. Examples of modals are yes-no message boxes and the application itself.
Word: modal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A genericized trademark of Lenzing AG. 1. A semi-synthetic fabric, a very soft kind of rayon textile made from beech tree pulp and processed with chemicals. Labels: uncountable
Word: front running Part of Speech: noun 1. The illegal practice of a stockbroker who, on receiving a large client order, places an order for his or her own account ahead of the client's, knowing that when the client's order is placed it will move the market and create a profit for the broker. Labels: uncountable Example: The charges stem from an investigation into the front-running of block trades . . . a practice in which a trader takes a position to capitalize on advance knowledge of a transaction large enough to influence the price of securities. 2. The illegal practice of placing orders for a security on one's own account in advance of promoting or recommending it. Labels: uncountable 3. Any practice of buying something the value of which is about to increase due to a future purchase by another, especially where the knowledge derives from a fiduciary relationship. Labels: uncountable
Word: front running Part of Speech: verb 1. present participle and gerund of front run Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present
Word: frontrunning Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of front running. Labels: alt-of, alternative, uncountable
Word: smuggler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English smuggle Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English smuggler From smuggle + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈsmʌɡ.lə(ɹ)/, /ˈsmʌɡ.əl.ə(ɹ)/ 1. One who smuggles things. Example: Every time the little gate creaks--I'm in the shed with the tanks at the end of the garden--I wonder from which of my pasts the person is arriving, seeking me out even here: maybe it is only the past of yesterday and of this same suburb, the squat Arab garbage collector who in October begins his rounds for tips, house by house, with a Happy New Year card, because he says that his colleagues keep all the December tips for themselves and he never gets a penny; but it could also be the more distant pasts pursuing old Ruedi, finding the little gate in the Impasse: smugglers from Valais, mercenaries from Katanga, croupiers from the Veradero casino and the days of Fulgencio Batista. Example: Cabbage Moh, a Cantonese smuggler and drug dealer from triad-controlled Shumchun on the Hong Kong border, sees an opportunity to the north and opens dens supplying dope and philopon ferried up the Soochow Creek and distributed out of Fah Wah Village, adjacent to the new sin strip. 2. A vessel employed in smuggling.
Word: star polygon Part of Speech: noun 1. A geometric figure formed by connecting, with straight lines, every vertex of a p-sided regular polygon to the qth vertex beyond it (proceeding, consistently, either clockwise or anticlockwise). 2. Any such geometrical figure, or any of certain other types of figure of similar appearance whose general construction is not formally defined.
Word: pentacle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *pénkʷe From Middle French pentacle, from Old French pentacol (“pendant”), from pent (“hangs”), a (“from”), and col (“neck”), thus "hangs from neck". Likely reanalyzed in medieval times as coming from penta- (“five”) and -culum (object forming suffix), as evidenced by the Latinized form pentaculum and the narrowing of the modern sense to a five-pointed design, especially a pentagram. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛnt.ə.kl̩/ 1. A flat talisman, almost always star-shaped, made of parchment, sheet metal, or other substance, marked with a magic symbol or symbols, used in magical evocation. Example: ouer this pott and the cyrcle hold the pentacles, and perfume them; and say deuoutly theis psalmes followynge Example: of the same pentacles be certayne exorcizmes and names ineffable and carecters and signes of all the science, therefore, in them the whole science of all this art lyeth hydd 2. A pentagram, especially one that is used for magical or mystical purposes. Example: he drew a pentacle or five-pointed star. Example: a five-pointed star (pentacle). 3. A circumscribed pentagram. Example: The pentacle—a pentagram enclosed within a surrounding circle—as found as the centre-piece on a witch's altar is often worn as a silver pendant by witches and other neo-pagans alike repesenting their beliefs in the interconnectedness and interdependence of the powers of nature and spirit. Example: A pentacle is a pentagram with a circle drawn around it.
Word: zinco- Part of Speech: prefix Pronunciation: /ˈziŋ.koʊ/ 1. containing, or combined with, or using zinc Labels: morpheme
Word: Craig Part of Speech: name Etymology: From craig (“rock”). Pronunciation: /ˈkɹeɪ̯ɡ/, [ˈkʰɹʷeɪ̯ɡ], /ˈkɹɛɡ/, [ˈkʰɹʷɛɡ] 1. A surname. Labels: countable 2. A male given name transferred from the surname. Labels: countable Example: He told her the name he had used to rent the cabin. " I'm Craig Hemsworth." She burst out laughing. "That's a funnier name than mine. It sounds like the kind of name they give a movie actor when they decide his own name won't do. Example: Lyonne’s Animal Pictures banner with Max Ferguson is producing “Bambo” alongside Craig Mazin (“Chernobyl,” “The Last of Us”) for Word Games and Sarah Sarandos. 3. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 6. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 10. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 11. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 12. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 13. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 14. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable 15. A placename Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: corporate veil Part of Speech: noun 1. The principle of a corporation being a separate legal person from its members (ie. shareholders).
Word: warts Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of wart Labels: form-of, plural
Word: Dorothy Dixer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named after US advice columnist Dorothy Dix (1870–1951), who reputedly invented some of the more interesting readers’ questions she answered, + -er. 1. A question asked of a minister by a member of their own party, to give the minister the opportunity to promote the government's work, criticise the opposition, etc. Labels: Australian Example: Betraying not a sign of the general mayhem he had just created, he answered a Dorothy Dixer about television violence. Example: On both sides of the chamber, Question Time became highly programmed. This led on the Government side to questions, almost without exception, being Dorothy Dixers of the worst kind.[…]The total domination of this sort of Dorothy Dixer under the Keating Government reduced the use of Question Time considerably.
Word: roll call Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈɹoʊl ˌkɑl/ 1. The reading aloud of a list of names, and subsequent responses, in order to determine who is present or absent. Example: take roll call 2. The reading aloud of a list of names, and subsequent responses, in order to determine who is present or absent. 3. The reading aloud of a list of names, and subsequent responses, in order to determine who is present or absent. 4. The subset of those members of a specific group who are present or available out of the full set of all the members of said group. Labels: broadly Example: On paper, the Japanese had come out on top of the engagement; granted, Hiei had taken a worrying level of damage, but Kirishima was still intact, the light cruiser Nagara and four destroyers were likewise good to go, and four more were damaged but operational. Apart from Hiei, only three destroyers were missing from the roll call. Example: It’s an astonishing roll call of future talent from when they were still young and hungry in Manhattan.
Word: roll call Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /ˈɹoʊl ˌkɑl/ 1. To read aloud from a list of names, in order to determine who is present or absent. Labels: transitive
Word: Brigid Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Irish Brighid, from Old Irish Brigit, from Proto-Celtic *Brigantī (“high, exalted”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɹɪ.d͡ʒɪd/, /ˈbɹiː.ɪd/ 1. The goddess of the Sacred Flame of Kildare and the patron goddess of the Druids. Daughter of Dagda of the Tuatha Dé Danann. Labels: Irish Example: The pagan Brigid was part of the Tuatha Dé Danann – a race of deities who are said to have inhabited Ireland before the Milesians, from whom today’s Irish people are descended. Raised among druids, Brigid was the daughter of an enslaved woman and the Dagda, chief of the gods. 2. Brigid of Kildare (c. 451–521), an Irish saint partly confused with the goddess. Example: Dabiri noted that Brigid was a woman who lived—in the fifth and sixth century—on her own terms, fought against forced marriage, brewed beer from lakes and cared for the land. While Dabiri was taught about Brigid at school in the 80s, it was never in this light. 3. A female given name from Irish, equivalent to English Bridget, sometimes borrowed from Irish.
Word: Dagda Part of Speech: name Etymology: The Middle Irish name Dagda means “Good God” or “Shining God”, from Old Irish Dagdae, from Proto-Celtic *Dago-deiwos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰagʰo- (“shining”) (< *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”)) + *deywós (“divinity”). 1. An important god in Irish mythology, portrayed as a father figure, king, and druid. Labels: Irish Example: Raised among druids, Brigid was the daughter of an enslaved woman and the Dagda, chief of the gods.
Word: Dagda Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Latvian. 1. A town in Latvia.
Word: comic relief Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈkɒmɪk ɹɪˈliːf/, /ˈkɑmɪk ɹɪˈliːf/ 1. The inclusion of a humorous character or scene or witty dialogue in an otherwise serious work, often to relieve tension. Labels: uncountable Example: The sequence where Sam carves off Jorah’s infected tissue in secret, stopping every few moments to shush his patient, is presented as comic relief why? Jorah reels back into a diagonal close-up whimpering like a dog. Yellow pus oozes to get those good gross-out laughs. Is the substance of this operation funny to anyone on its face?
Word: Classical Latin Part of Speech: name 1. The Latin language as spoken and written in formal speeches, literature, the arts, etc., by the ancient Romans.
Word: conditioned Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of condition Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: conditioned Part of Speech: adj 1. determined or dependent on some condition 2. physically fit, especially as the result of exercise 3. prepared for a specific use 4. exhibiting a conditioned reflex
Word: accent acute Part of Speech: noun 1. An acute accent.
Word: accent grave Part of Speech: noun 1. A grave accent. Example: The second method for shutting off the macro key is to type an accent grave (`). The key is usually located in the upper left corner of the keyboard. The accent grave symbol shares the key with the tilde symbol (~). Example: In order to print an actual semicolon or the prefix marker (\) as part of a citation, type an accent grave (`) before the character. The accent grave tells EndNote to treat the following character as regular text, and not as a significant character for parsing the citation.
Word: raffle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rafle, from Old French rafle, raffle (“dice game", also "plundering”), from rafler (“to snatch, seize, carry off”), from Frankish *raffolōn, from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną, *hrēpōną (“to scratch, touch, pluck out, snatch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb(h)-, *(s)kerb(h)- (“to turn, bend, shrink”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with Middle Dutch raffel (“dice game”), German raffen (“to snatch away, sweep off”), Old English hreppan (“to touch, treat, attack”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæfl̩/ 1. A drawing, often held as a fundraiser, in which tickets or chances are sold to win a prize. Example: He entered a raffle to win a lifetime supply of toothpaste, but he did not win. Example: The raffle was a big success—too big, in fact. 2. A game of dice in which the player who throws three of the same number wins all the stakes. Labels: obsolete 3. The system by which cases are assigned to judges in multi-sala courts. Labels: Philippines
Word: raffle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rafle, from Old French rafle, raffle (“dice game", also "plundering”), from rafler (“to snatch, seize, carry off”), from Frankish *raffolōn, from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną, *hrēpōną (“to scratch, touch, pluck out, snatch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb(h)-, *(s)kerb(h)- (“to turn, bend, shrink”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with Middle Dutch raffel (“dice game”), German raffen (“to snatch away, sweep off”), Old English hreppan (“to touch, treat, attack”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæfl̩/ 1. To award something by means of a raffle or random drawing. Labels: often, transitive Example: They raffled off four gift baskets. 2. To participate in a raffle. Labels: intransitive Example: to raffle for a watch
Word: raffle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See raff. Pronunciation: /ˈɹæfl̩/ 1. Refuse; rubbish. Labels: uncountable
Word: torrent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French torrent, from Italian torrente, from Latin torrentem, accusative of torrēns (“burning, seething, roaring”), from Latin torrēre (“to parch, scorch”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɒɹənt/, /ˈtoɹənt/, /ˈtɑɹənt/, /ˈtɔɹənt/, [ˈtɔ̟ɹənt] 1. A violent flow, as of water, lava, etc.; a stream suddenly raised and running rapidly, as down a precipice. Example: Rain fell on the hills in torrents. Example: A torrent of green and white water broke over the hull of the sail-boat. 2. A large amount or stream of something. Labels: figuratively Example: They endured a torrent of inquiries. Example: The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, / The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, / The road was a ribbon of moonlight over the purple moor, / And the highwayman came riding— / Riding—riding— / The highwayman came riding, up to the old inn-door.
Word: torrent Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from French torrent, from Italian torrente, from Latin torrentem, accusative of torrēns (“burning, seething, roaring”), from Latin torrēre (“to parch, scorch”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɒɹənt/, /ˈtoɹənt/, /ˈtɑɹənt/, /ˈtɔɹənt/, [ˈtɔ̟ɹənt] 1. Rolling or rushing in a rapid stream. Example: Waves of torrent fire.
Word: torrent Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French torrent, from Italian torrente, from Latin torrentem, accusative of torrēns (“burning, seething, roaring”), from Latin torrēre (“to parch, scorch”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɒɹənt/, /ˈtoɹənt/, /ˈtɑɹənt/, /ˈtɔɹənt/, [ˈtɔ̟ɹənt] 1. To fall or flow in a torrent; to pour. Example: ... through the inflexible rain, each turn in the track revealed a new cascade, torrenting down the steep cliff of the hill. The weather was too wild for me to get to them. In good weather, they wouldn't exist. Example: Outside[,] rain was torrenting down, lightning and thunder heralded the arrival of a summer storm.
Word: torrent Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From BitTorrent and the file extension it uses for metadata (.torrent); ultimately from etymology 1, carrying the notion of the flow of information. Pronunciation: /ˈtɒɹənt/, /ˈtoɹənt/, /ˈtɑɹənt/, /ˈtɔɹənt/, [ˈtɔ̟ɹənt] 1. A set of files obtainable through a peer-to-peer network, especially BitTorrent. Labels: Internet Example: I got a torrent of the complete works of Shakespeare the other day; I'm not sure why.
Word: torrent Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From BitTorrent and the file extension it uses for metadata (.torrent); ultimately from etymology 1, carrying the notion of the flow of information. Pronunciation: /ˈtɒɹənt/, /ˈtoɹənt/, /ˈtɑɹənt/, /ˈtɔɹənt/, [ˈtɔ̟ɹənt] 1. To download in a torrent. Labels: Internet, transitive Example: The video rental place didn't have the film I was after, but I managed to torrent it. Example: They had two thousand CDs burned with Listnin loaded on them, including versions for every major phone OS, and they'd set up a dozen servers in seven different countries for people to torrent the file from.
Word: torrential Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English torrent Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisder. Old French -ialder. Middle English -ial English -ial English torrential From torrent + -ial. Pronunciation: /təˈɹɛn.tʃəl/, /tɒɹˈɛn.tʃəl/, /tɔˈɹɛn.t͡ʃəl/, /təˈɹɛn.t͡ʃəl/ 1. Coming or characterized by torrents; flowing heavily or in large quantities. Example: There was a torrential downpour and we were all soaked. Example: torrential rain
Word: pummel Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Alteration of pommel. Pronunciation: /ˈpʌməl/ 1. To hit or strike heavily and repeatedly. Example: Rain pummeled the roof. Example: The boxer pummeled his opponent. 2. To scornfully criticize someone or something. Example: The politician was pummeled by the media for his controversial statements. Example: “There are theorists who have claimed that the movie is getting pummeled especially hard by male film critics who weren’t fans of the show in the first place (though that’s hardly true of the Post’s Smith, who boasted on his blog that he’d watched every episode of the TV show).”
Word: pummel Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Alteration of pommel. Pronunciation: /ˈpʌməl/ 1. Alternative form of pommel. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: electrical current Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of electric current. Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable Example: The scientific instruments of the day recorded rapid fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field, as powerful electrical currents flowed through the upper atmosphere. Ships' logs noted observations of the northern lights as far south as the Caribbean, and telegraph systems across the world were disrupted as electrical currents were induced in the copper lines.
Word: polychlorinated biphenyl Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˌpoʊliˌklɔrəˌneɪtəd ˈbaɪfənɪl/, /ˌpɒlɪˌklɔːrɪneɪtɪd ˈbaɪfənɪl/ 1. Any of a class of aromatic organic compounds formed by the chlorination of the hydrocarbon biphenyl; they have many industrial applications but are now considered persistent organic pollutants. Example: Another environmental factor thought to be affecting some coastal birds, although comparatively little is yet known about its extent or origin, is the presence of marine pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and toxic heavy metals. Example: The microbes devoured the chlorides in the earth; as metabolic byproducts, they produced toxic polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). By the time the infestation was contained an area of nearly 30 square kilometers had been effectively turned into a toxic waste dump.
Word: pilot fish Part of Speech: noun Etymology: So called from its having been supposed to guide sharks to their prey. 1. A marine fish, Naucrates ductor, that often follows large vessels and sharks.
Word: coral snake Part of Speech: noun 1. Any of various venomous snakes of six genera in family Elapidae, many displaying distinctive color bands. 2. Any of various venomous snakes of six genera in family Elapidae, many displaying distinctive color bands.
Word: grass snake Part of Speech: noun 1. A nonvenomous snake of species Natrix natrix, native to Europe, with a yellow collar. 2. A snake of either of the two species of genus Opheodrys of nonvenomous green snakes of North America: 3. A snake of either of the two species of genus Opheodrys of nonvenomous green snakes of North America:
Word: meeple Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of my + people. Coined by Alison Hansel in November 2000 during a game of Carcassonne on the South Shore of Massachusetts. Pronunciation: /ˈmiːpəl/ 1. A small person-shaped figure used as a player's token in a board game. Example: For quotations using this term, see Citations:meeple.