nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: nuclear weapon Part of Speech: noun 1. A weapon that derives its energy from the nuclear reactions of either fission or fusion. Example: When Kissinger went to Moscow on March 24 for four days of talks aimed at setting the agenda for Summit III, he reported that Brezhnev seemed to be confronting some of the same problems as we were of military opposition to a permanent agreement to limit offensive nuclear weapons. Thus we knew from the outset that it would be very difficult to produce a major SALT breakthrough at Summit III. Example: Even if they managed to strike Japan, the United States or South Korea with nuclear weapons — a big if, given that they do not have a reliable delivery system — they could not save themselves from ultimate defeat.
Word: cul8r Part of Speech: phrase Etymology: From c (“see”) + u (“you”) + l8r (“later”). 1. Abbreviation of see you later. Labels: Internet, abbreviation, alt-of
Word: nuclear bomb Part of Speech: noun 1. A nuclear weapon. Example: In the seaside town that they forgot to bomb / Come, come, come, nuclear bomb
Word: sinsemilla Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Spanish sin semilla (literally “without seeds”). Pronunciation: /ˌsɪnsəˈmɪlə/, /ˌsɪnsəˈmiːlə/, /ˌsɪnsəˈmiːjə/, /ˌsɪnsəˈmiːljə/ 1. A form of cannabis where only the female is allowed to blossom. Without pollen from the male plant, the female blossoms produce no seeds, forming large panicled flowers. Example: ‘One day he’s Allah this, Allah that. Next minute it’s big busty blondes, Russian gymnasts and a smoke of the sinsemilla.’ Example: […] Tatum, who wears a different color Danskin every day, or Wayne, who grows sinsemilla in his actual closet, or Boomer, who's always hugging everyone since his family did EST.
Word: umbrella organisation Part of Speech: noun 1. An organisation that coordinates the activities of a number of member organisations and hence promotes a common purpose.
Word: mun Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English mone (“shall, must”), from Old Norse munu (“shall, must”), from Proto-Germanic *munaną. Pronunciation: /mʌn/ 1. Must. Labels: Northern-English, auxiliary, defective, dialectal, modal Example: Ye mun ha' done wi' all that foolery — ye're gettin' a man now, an' ye mun give over that nonsense.
Word: mun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old Norse muðr, munnr, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ment-; Doublet of mouth. Pronunciation: /mʌn/ 1. The mouth, jaw. Labels: dialectal, obsolete Example: A common cry at Coventry on Good Friday is: One a penny, two a penny, hot cross buns, / Butter them and sugar them and put them in your muns.
Word: mun Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /mʌn/ 1. man Labels: South-Africa, UK, dialectal
Word: mun Part of Speech: pron Pronunciation: /mʌn/ 1. them Labels: Devon, UK, dialectal, obsolete Example: tha wut spudlee out the Yemors, and screedle over mun
Word: mun Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of mundane. Pronunciation: /mʌn/ 1. The person who roleplays a character in a role-playing game, especially an online play-by-post one. Labels: Internet Example: Jade grabs a handful of brownies and nibbles on then,^([sic]) trying to keep her mun from reaching right to the screen to get some[…] Example: Wait a sec.... You mean.. this is a GAME?? And here I thought that nine tae five job my mun goes to everyday^([sic]) was a game and Norrath was my home..
Word: court martial Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A calque of French cour martiale, hence the unusual order of an adjective following the noun. 1. A court where cases of military law are heard. 2. A trial before such a tribunal.
Word: court martial Part of Speech: verb Etymology: A calque of French cour martiale, hence the unusual order of an adjective following the noun. 1. To subject to trial in a military court. Labels: transitive
Word: marihuana Part of Speech: noun 1. Dated spelling of marijuana. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: The fumes of alcohol mingle with the sweet acrid smoke of marihuana cigarettes. Example: In Canada, marihuana cigarettes rarely contain any tobacco, and may vary in size from a few hundred milligrams up to a several gram "bomber."
Word: duncy Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English dunce Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English duncy From dunce + -y. 1. Like a dunce; dull-witted.
Word: gable Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The southern English term gable probably came from Old French gable (compare modern French gâble), from Old Norse gafl. The northern form gavel is perhaps also akin to Old Norse gafl, masculine, of the same meaning (compare Swedish gavel, Danish gavl). See gafl for more etymology information. Pronunciation: /ˈɡeɪ.bəl/ 1. The triangular area at the peak of an external wall adjacent to, and terminating, two sloped roof surfaces (pitches). Example: It was a queer sort of place—a gable-ended old house, one side palsied as it were, and leaning over sadly. Example: Although there were important developments in the internal organization of Cape houses during this period, their most obvious element is the gable. End-gables were common in medieval northern European and particularly Dutch buildings, but central gables set into the long side of roofs were more unusual and became the quintessential feature of the Cape Dutch style.
Word: gable Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈɡeɪ.bəl/ 1. A cable. Labels: obsolete Example: First, striking sail, their tacklings then they loosed. And (with their gables stoop'd) their mast imposed Into the mast-room.
Word: competitive Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin competītus (past participle of competere) + -ive. Pronunciation: /kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɪv/, /kəmˈpɛt.ə.tɪv/, [kəmˈpɛɾɪtɪv], [kəmˈpɛɾətɪv], [kəmˈpɛɾəɾɪv] 1. Of or pertaining to competition. Example: The final remnants of the competitive spirit between companies will be eliminated, and there is no reasonable prospect that the dull uniformity of standardisation will be offset by greater efficiency in operation. Example: Manchester United's Tom Cleverley impressed on his first competitive start and Lampard demonstrated his continued worth at international level in a performance that was little more than a stroll once England swiftly exerted their obvious authority. 2. Inclined to compete. 3. Capable of competing successfully. 4. Relating to the inhibition of the effects of a chemical substance by another substance competing with it for binding or bonding. Example: competitive antagonist 5. Cheap, especially used of quality products.
Word: insignia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin īnsīgnia, nominative plural of īnsīgne (“emblem, token, symbol”). Doublet of ensign. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈsɪɡ.ni.ə/ 1. A patch or other object that indicates a person's official or military rank, or membership in a group or organization. Example: The little green men were clearly professional soldiers by their bearing, carried Russian weapons, and wore Russian combat fatigues, but they had no identifying insignia. Vladimir Putin originally denied they were Russian soldiers; that April, he confirmed they were. 2. A symbol or token of personal power, status, or office, or of an official body of government or jurisdiction. Example: The former Protector tendered him the oaths, and presented him with the insignia of office, performing the ceremonies of installation. Example: The most sacred part of the ceremony followed when the new king was anointed with holy oil to confirm his semi-divine status. He was then invested with the royal insignia: the ring, sword, crown, sceptre and rod. Finally, the newly crowned monarch received the homage of his leading subjects. 3. A mark or token by which anything is known. Labels: figuratively Example: But if autumn wear the insignia of nature's royalty, its purple and gold, in only the shaded lane or the green field with its one or two old trees, what is its more than eastern pomp in a wooded empire like the New Forest! Example: Rule 23: “The stress of love makes it hard to eat and sleep.” To these empirical laws we can add the various other insignia of love.
Word: insignia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin īnsīgnia, nominative plural of īnsīgne (“emblem, token, symbol”). Doublet of ensign. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈsɪɡ.ni.ə/ 1. plural of insignium Labels: form-of, plural 2. plural of insigne Labels: form-of, plural
Word: ta-da Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Imitative, supposed to represent a fanfare. First attested in the 1920s. Pronunciation: /təˈdɑː/ 1. Used to present something intended to be surprising, impressive, or pleasing. Example: "I give you the Illusion of the Reborn Hand. Ta-daaa!"
Word: hey presto Part of Speech: intj 1. Used by stage magicians, when performing a magic trick. Labels: UK 2. Indicates a sudden desirable conclusion or change, as if by magic Labels: UK, colloquial Example: If you take the next left, you’ll see a big shop and hey presto, you’re there. Example: They stick a couple of old potshards together, search for one or two adjacent cultures, stick a label on the restored find and—hey, presto!—once again everything fits splendidly into the approved pattern of thought.
Word: panopticon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân, “all”) + ὀπτικός (optikós, “visible”). Coined by English philosopher Jeremy Bentham in 1787. Pronunciation: /pəˈnɒptɪkɒn/, /pæˈ-/, /pəˈnɑptɪˌkɑn/ 1. A kind of projector in the 18th and 19th centuries. Labels: historical 2. A type of prison where all the cells are visible from the center, particularly if it is not possible for those in a cell to know if they are being watched. Example: 1787 Jeremy Bentham: Panopticon: or, the inspection-house. Panopticon: or, the inspection-house. Containing the idea of a new principle of construction applicable to any sort of establishment, in which Persons of any Description are to be kept under inspection. And in particular to: penitentiary-houses, poor-houses, prisons, manufactories, houses of industry, mad-houses, work-houses, hospitals, and schools. . . Now as to safe custody. Upon the Panopticon plan at least, absolute solitude is equally unnecessary to this purpose. Towards effecting an escape, what can two or three do more than one, confined as they are by iron grates while they are within the prison, and by walls when they are without? and in either case, never out of the eye of an inspector, who is armed and out of reach of attack, and within reach of whatever assistance he can desire? . . . I look upon escape out of a Panopticon, I have said so over and over, as an event morally impossible. But suppose it otherwise — how great the additional security which an expedient thus simple would afford! Example: He was alive to every creak and dunt, the thinness of the walls, as if the tenement block was a kind of aural panopticon that funnelled every sound to the other residents, let everyone eavesdrop on their business. 3. A place in which people are subject to constant surveillance at totalitarian command. Labels: broadly, figuratively Example: Perhaps the construction of such a genetic panopticon is wise. But I doubt that the proud men who wrote the charter of our liberties would have been so eager to open their mouths for royal inspection. Example: The point is that while new terms of engagement (new regimens of power are installed to oversee the process of programization or new panoptica are devised) are being established, existing and/or new social projects continue to operate within the social space framed by the dominant discourse, which not only delays the progress of the intervention, but unsettles it. 4. A room for the exhibition of novelties.
Word: SOED Part of Speech: name 1. Initialism of Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: SOED Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of sudden-onset explosive diarrhea. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism, uncountable
Word: luchador Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *lewg-der. Latin lū̆ctor Proto-Indo-European *-tōr Proto-Italic *-tōr Latin -tor Latin lū̆ctātor Spanish luchadorbor. English luchador Borrowed from Spanish luchador. 1. A Mexican professional wrestler, frequently (but not always) masked.
Word: cirrhosis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek κιρρός (kirrhós, “tawny”) and -osis. Pronunciation: /sɪˈɹoʊ.sɪs/ 1. A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Interstitial inflammation of kidneys, lungs, and other organs. Labels: broadly, countable, uncountable
Word: antipruritic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From anti- + pruritic. 1. a medical agent that stops itching.
Word: West Nile fever Part of Speech: noun 1. A disease caused by the West Nile virus that is transmitted from birds to mosquitoes and then to people. Symptoms include drowsiness, headache and nausea, pain in the abdomen, a rash, and swollen glands, and may prove fatal. Labels: uncountable
Word: impetigo Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin impetīgō, from impetĕre (literally “to rush upon, assail, attack”). Pronunciation: /ɪmpɪˈtaɪɡəʊ/, /ɪmpəˈtaɪɡoʊ/ 1. A contagious bacterial skin disease forming pustules and yellow crusty sores, chiefly on the face and hands. It is common in children and infection is often through cuts or insect bites. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: spacewalk Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From space + walk. 1. Any activity by an astronaut outside of a spacecraft or space station in space.
Word: spacewalk Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From space + walk. 1. To perform a spacewalk.
Word: punk rocker Part of Speech: noun 1. A person who plays, or is a fan of, punk rock. Labels: informal
Word: extravehicular activity Part of Speech: noun 1. Any activity done by an astronaut outside of a spacecraft etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: “His venture into the vacuum of space began the history of extra-vehicular activity that makes today’s Space Station maintenance possible,” NASA said on Twitter.
Word: EVA Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of extravehicular activity. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable Example: Zaine is fit and has plenty of EVA experience, moving easily in her suit. 2. Acronym of ethylene-vinyl acetate. Labels: abbreviation, acronym, alt-of, countable, uncountable 3. Initialism of extreme value analysis. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 4. Initialism of economic value added. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable
Word: give something a shot Part of Speech: verb 1. To try or attempt (something); to give something a try. Example: I don’t think it will work, but I suppose you could give restarting the computer a shot. Example: But the prospect of Harris at the top of the ticket was making him rethink that switch. Mr. Gaines now says he is open to at least considering her. “If Kamala steps up, that would change history,” he said. “I’d give her a shot.”
Word: griffon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See griffin. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹɪfən/ 1. Alternative form of griffin (legendary creature) Labels: alt-of, alternative 2. A breed of dog usually called the Brussels griffon, reminiscent of the legendary creature. 3. A griffon vulture.
Word: hatchetman Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of hatchet man. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: backsplash Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.? Proto-Germanic *baką Proto-West Germanic *bak Old English bæc Middle English bak English back English splash English backsplash From back + splash. Pronunciation: /ˈbækˌsplæʃ/ 1. A vertical covering on a wall rising above a countertop or other work surface to protect the wall from spills and to decorate the wall. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The small splash of water that occurs when an oar enters the water to begin a stroke, just before the rower reaches the catch. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: backsplash Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.? Proto-Germanic *baką Proto-West Germanic *bak Old English bæc Middle English bak English back English splash English backsplash From back + splash. Pronunciation: /ˈbækˌsplæʃ/ 1. To splash backward. Labels: ambitransitive Example: He succeeded in cutting the pad of his right palm quite badly on the blade of a paring knife before seizing two of the C-cells, but he felt this no more than he felt the burns he had sustained when he had been backsplashed. Example: More importantly, the use of the delta tube prevents dangerous backsplashing of the agent that can occur when an impinging sparger is used improperly.
Word: Code of Military Justice Part of Speech: name 1. Uniform Code of Military Justice
Word: anthrax Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄνθραξ (ánthrax, “abscess, boil”). Pronunciation: /ˈæn.θɹæks/ 1. An acute infectious disease of herbivores, especially sheep and cattle, caused by Bacillus anthracis. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: After anthrax spores were found in letters sent to Sens. Patrick Leahy and Thomas Daschle in 2001, Congress began screening all the mail that came into the building. 2. The human disease that can occur in humans through contact with infected herbivores, tissue from infected animals, or high concentrations of anthrax spores, but is not usually spread between humans, with symptoms including lesions on the skin or in the lungs, often fatal. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: alcoholism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Akkadian 𒎎𒋆𒁉𒍣𒁕 (guḫlum)bor. Aramaic כוחלא (kuḥlā)bor. Arabic كُحْل (kuḥl) Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥūl)bor. Medieval Latin alcoholder. Middle English alcofol English alcohol Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English alcoholism From alcohol + -ism. Derived from New Latin alcoholismus chronicus, coined by the Swedish professor of medicine Magnus Huss in 1849. Pronunciation: /ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/, /ˈælkəhɒˌlɪzəm/ 1. A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: chronic alcoholism Example: struggle with alcoholism 2. Acute alcohol poisoning. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: sagacity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French sagacité, from Latin sagācitās (“sagaciousness”), from sagāx (“of quick perception, acute, sagacious”) (whence -acity), from sāgiō (“to perceive by the senses”). Equivalent to sagac(ious) + -ity. Pronunciation: /səˈɡæ.sə.ti/, /səˈɡæ.sɪ.ti/ 1. The quality of being sage, wise, or able to make good decisions; the quality of being perceptive, astute or insightful. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Young ladies have great penetration in such matters as these; but I think I may defy even your sagacity, to discover the name of your admirer. Example: Immediately after the meal, when he was alone again, he set to work to examine Drayton’s papers, of which there lay quite a mass on the table near him and, leaning toward the lamp on his elbow, he weighed the meaning of each with a certain sideward sagacity of gaze, a sagacity that smiled in its self-sureness. Swiss Family Robinson- "....near the mouth of a creek, towards which all our geese and ducks betook themselves; and I, relying on their sagacity, followed in the same course." 2. Keen sense of smell. Labels: obsolete, uncountable, usually Example: […] this Beast [the Ichneumon] is not only enemy to the Crocodile and Asp, but also to their Egs, which she hunteth out by the sagacity of her nose, and so destroyeth them […]
Word: hold forth Part of Speech: verb 1. To extend or offer, propose. Labels: transitive 2. To talk at great length. Labels: intransitive Example: I bestrode the courtroom entranceway, holding forth on my merits to the assembled press. Example: Behind him an excitable Frenchman was holding forth in declamatory style to a group of astonished residents.
Word: filler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English fill Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English filler From fill + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈfɪləː/, /ˈfɪlɚ/ 1. One who fills. Example: They commonly have three, four, five, or six hewers or diggers, to four fillers, so as to keep the fillers always at work. 2. Something added to fill a space or add weight or size. Example: I recommend this album in the face of the fact that five of the eleven songs are the purest filler, dull instrumentals with a harmonica rifling over an indifferent rhythm section. The rest is magnificent[…] 3. Any semisolid substance used to fill gaps, cracks or pores. 4. A dermal filler, a substance injected beneath the skin to restore lost volume. Example: A 50-year-old patient will come in, and suddenly, she’s super-skinny and needs filler, which she never needed before. 5. A relatively inert ingredient added to modify physical characteristics; a bulking agent. Example: The word "filler" is taboo in the excipient world. 6. A short article in a newspaper or magazine. 7. A short piece of music or an announcement between radio or TV programmes. 8. Any spoken sound or word used to fill gaps in speech; filled pause. Example: 'Tis a meer filler; to ſtop a vacancy in the Hexameter, and connect the Preface to the Work of Virgil. Example: As the years go by, speech reverts to childhood levels of disfluency, with more pauses, more errors, more repeated words, but even the peak years are not great: up to 8 percent of the average person’s word output consists of meaningless fillers and placeholders like um, uh and er. 9. Cut tobacco used to make up the body of a cigar. 10. In COBOL, the description of an unnamed part of a record that contains no data relevant to a given context (normally capitalised when in a data division). 11. A plant that lacks a distinctive shape and can fill inconvenient spaces around other plants in pots or gardens. 12. Any standing tree or standard higher than the surrounding coppice in the form of forest known as "coppice under standards". Labels: plural-normally 13. A material of lower cost or quality that is used to fill a certain television time slot or physical medium, such as a music album. Example: With the exception of her movie soundtracks — Lady Sings the Blues, and its flashy renditions of Billie Holiday standards, and the much less interesting Mahogany — Ross' early-'70s albums mixed predictably strong hits and an overabundance of filler.
Word: resuscitate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin resuscitātus, past participle of resuscitō (“to raise up again, revive”), from re- (“again”) + suscitō (“to raise up”), from sub- (“up, under”) + citō (“to summon, rouse”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈsʌsɪˌteɪt/ 1. To restore consciousness, vigor, or life to. Labels: transitive Example: to resuscitate a drowned person Example: to resuscitate withered plants 2. To regain consciousness. Labels: intransitive
Word: resuscitate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin resuscitātus, past participle of resuscitō (“to raise up again, revive”), from re- (“again”) + suscitō (“to raise up”), from sub- (“up, under”) + citō (“to summon, rouse”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈsʌsɪˌteɪt/ 1. Restored to life. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: [O]nce return'd / Unto her body new reſuſcitate / From ſleep, remembring well how erſt ſhe mourn'd, / Marvels how all ſo ſoon to peace and eaſe is turn'd.
Word: regain Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French regaigner (French regagner). By surface analysis, re- + gain. Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈɡeɪn/ 1. To get back; to recover possession of. Labels: transitive Example: DUKAT: I blame no one but myself. I was indiscreet. I compromised myself and have been punished accordingly. If someone under my command had behaved so outrageously, I would do the same thing to him. Besides, I assure you, this is only a temporary setback. Everything I have lost, I will regain. It's only a matter of time. Example: Sarkozy's total will be seen as a personal failure. It is the first time an outgoing president has failed to win a first-round vote in the past 50 years and makes it harder for Sarkozy to regain momentum.
Word: regain Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French regaigner (French regagner). By surface analysis, re- + gain. Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈɡeɪn/, /ˈɹiːɡeɪn/ 1. The act or process of regaining something. Example: Patients who plateau after weight loss are more likely to blame the regain on something that they are responsible for – the wrong course of action they took or a specic oversight that they kept repeating–rather than who they are. Example: By beginning deeper, this allows the opposition to start and build much higher, naturally luring them away from their own goal. As long as the actions after a regain are then quick, forward, and performed with quality, counter-attacks can prove a particularly useful attacking strategy to win football matches. 2. The amount of width a woven cloth grows by when the fibers swell, used to determine the width of the reed to use in weaving. Example: The number of ends per inch may vary to some slight extent at different places in the width of the cloth and in different pieces woven to the same particulars , but if the regain is correctly estimated , the calculated reed to be used will be the same, unless a special reed has been used in weaving the cloth. Example: In particular, at high humidities the regain of wool is lower.
Word: Aufklärung Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from German Aufklärung (“enlightenment; Enlightenment”). Pronunciation: /ˈaʊfklɛəɹʊŋ/ 1. The Enlightenment.
Word: Aufklärung Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from German Aufklärung (“enlightenment; Enlightenment”). Pronunciation: /ˈaʊfklɛəɹʊŋ/ 1. An enlightenment. 2. Illuminism; the aims, manner, spirit, etc. of the Aufklärer. Labels: derogatory, sometimes
Word: Age of Enlightenment Part of Speech: name 1. A period of European intellectual history during which the Enlightenment, an intellectual movement emphasizing the importance of logic and reason, flourished, from part of the 17th century through much of the 18th century.
Word: klar Part of Speech: noun 1. In Karen animism, one of the thirty-seven spirits that are said to embody every individual.
Word: Rassenschande Part of Speech: name Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from German Rassenschande (literally “race shame”). 1. miscegenation: sexual relations between people of “Aryan” race and “inferior” races, particularly Jews. Labels: Nazism Example: In fact, some historians’ mistaken belief about the unwavering German implementation of both Rassenschande and their genocidal policy has caused them to turn a blind eye to numerous sources, German and Jewish, that testify to the realities of Jewish women’s experiences during the war.
Word: Holy Roman Empire Part of Speech: name Etymology: Calque of German Heiliges Römisches Reich and Medieval Latin Sacrum Rōmānum Imperium. Pronunciation: /ˈhəʊli ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/, /ˈhoʊli ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ 1. A former polity and medieval empire forming a loose conglomeration of largely independent mostly Germanic entities in Central Europe from at least 962 C.E. until 1806. Labels: historical
Word: unrealistic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁ís Proto-Italic *reis Classical Latin rēs Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Late Latin reālisder. Old French reelbor. Middle English real English real Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Hellenic *-tās Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs) Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor. Latin -istader. Old French -istebor. Middle English -ist English -ist English realist Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English realistic English unrealistic From un- + realistic. 1. Not realistic. Example: How much of our thinking is based on unrealistic planted scripts of drama, romance and violence? Example: It meant all through journeys required at least two changes of train, making commuting to London unrealistic. Passengers on all affected routes were urged not to travel.
Word: waterline Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From water + line. Pronunciation: /ˈwɔːtə(ɹ)laɪn/ 1. A line formed by the surface of the water on the hull of a ship when she is afloat; any of a series of short lines marked on the hull to show where the waterline would be under different loadings 2. A horizontal line indicating the shape of an airfoil. 3. A line showing where the water has been. Example: Down here along the waterline, the Enterprise has a belt of thick antitorpedo armor. It's not too promising. 4. The line formed by where the water level of a body of water currently is: where the water's surface currently meets the bank; it may move higher or lower depending on the weather, tide, or season. Example: Near-synonym: water's edge Example: We are walking south-west, down a gently increasing slope, with the old farm buildings of the tiny hamlet of Villemiers [in the department of Charente] visible on the other side of the valley a kilometre away. The Transon [a tributary of the river Charente] meanders in the bottom of the valley below, a lazy trickle of a stream with small muddy pools at intervals, home to numerous coypu, a South American rodent that escaped from fur-farms long ago and has found a home-from-home in the many rivers and lakes of the Charente. They are semi-aquatic, resembling beavers in all but their long, rat-like tails. They can be something of a nuisance, as they are great burrowers, creating huge holes in the banks just on the waterline, which does little harm in a stream, but can be disastrous in a man-made lake, since their burrows can puncture the dam. 5. The inner rim of the eyelid, just behind the lash line; primarily used in reference to the application of eyeliner.
Word: squall Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *squalen and squelen (“to cry, scream, squall”), from Old Norse skvala (“to cry out”), probably ultimately imitative with influence from squeal and bawl. Cognate with Swedish skvala (“to gush, pour down”), Norwegian skval (“sudden rush of water”). The noun is probably from the verb. Pronunciation: /ˈskwɔːl/ 1. To cry or wail loudly. Example: Squalling was the word for it, Pew's anger rose so high at these objections; till at last, his passion completely taking the upper hand, he struck at them right and left in his blindness, and his stick sounded heavily on more than one. Example: Squalling like an infuriated cat, the shadow crashed down 2. To fall suddenly and forcefully, as if a squall. Example: […] rain squalled fretfully against the schoolhouse roof. Although it had stopped by the time the afternoon recess was due, Miss Willie decided that it was too cold and raw for the children to be out a full half hour, so she sent them[…] Example: […] of squalling rain and a blustering westerly wind.
Word: squall Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English *squalen and squelen (“to cry, scream, squall”), from Old Norse skvala (“to cry out”), probably ultimately imitative with influence from squeal and bawl. Cognate with Swedish skvala (“to gush, pour down”), Norwegian skval (“sudden rush of water”). The noun is probably from the verb. Pronunciation: /ˈskwɔːl/ 1. A sudden storm, as found in a squall line. Labels: often Example: Luckily she wasn’t there any more, no one was, when he returned from the Caribbean carnival damp-hatted and soaked through after being caught unprepared by a squall of hard, hot rain. Example: With reports of the Japanese forces bearing down on them confirmed, Rear Admiral Sprague orders his ships east, heading towards a series of rain squalls, hoping for concealment. This will hopefully delay the Japanese closing the range, and also draw them away from the much-more-vulnerable landing ships. 2. A squall line, multicell line, or part of a squall line. 3. A loud cry or wail. Example: But the third Emir, now seeing himself all alone on the quarter-deck, seems to feel relieved from some curious restraint; for, tipping all sorts of knowing winks in all sorts of directions, and kicking off his shoes, he strikes into a sharp but noiseless squall of a hornpipe right over the Grand Turk’s head; and then, by a dexterous sleight, pitching his cap up into the mizentop for a shelf, he goes down rollicking so far at least as he remains visible from the deck, reversing all other processions, by bringing up the rear with music. Example: The media present rising prices as a passing squall for the middle class, brought on by Vlad ’n’ Liz and resulting in spiking mortgage rates and fewer trips to Waitrose. But beneath those headlines are millions of others for whom the problem isn’t rising prices, but falling incomes.
Word: discontinue Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French descontinuer, equivalent to dis- + continue. Pronunciation: /ˌdɪskənˈtɪnju/, [ˌdɪskʰənˈtʰɪnjʊu̯] ~ [ˌdɪskʰn̩ˈtʰɪnjʊu̯] 1. To interrupt the continuance of; to put an end to, especially as regards commercial productions; to stop producing, making, or supplying. Labels: transitive Example: They plan to discontinue that design. Example: I have discontinued school Above a twelvemonth. 2. To consciously cease the ingestion or administration of (a pharmaceutical drug). Labels: transitive Example: AZT, the only AIDS treatment fully approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), is extremely toxic, and many people with AIDS cannot cake it or must discontinue taking it after some period of time.
Word: welfare Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English welefare, probably from the Old English phrase wel faran (“to fare well, get along successfully, prosper”) (cognate with Middle Dutch welvare (“welfare”), Middle Low German wolvare (“welfare”), Middle High German wolvar, wolfar (“welfare”)). Equivalent to well + fare. Compare also West Frisian wolfeart, Dutch welvaart, German Wohlfahrt, Old Norse velferð (whence Swedish välfärd (“welfare”)). The first recorded use in the sense of "social concern for the well-being of children, the unemployed, etc." is from 1904 and in the sense of "organized effort to provide for maintenance of members of a group" from 1918. Pronunciation: /ˈwɛlˌfɛə/, /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ 1. Health, safety, happiness and prosperity; well-being in any respect. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Nothing was too small to receive attention, if a supervising eye could suggest improvements likely to conduce to the common welfare. Mr. Gordon Burnage, for instance, personally visited dust-bins and back premises, accompanied by a sort of village bailiff, going his round like a commanding officer doing billets. 2. Shortened form of "welfare spending", "welfare payments", or "welfare assistance". Labels: US, informal, uncountable, usually Example: Oliveira seems to suggest that the Jews of Kiryas Joel are somehow gaming the welfare system to fund their lifestyles, while simultaneously acknowledging the high poverty rates in the town that qualify residents for programs like Medicaid.
Word: welfare Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English welefare, probably from the Old English phrase wel faran (“to fare well, get along successfully, prosper”) (cognate with Middle Dutch welvare (“welfare”), Middle Low German wolvare (“welfare”), Middle High German wolvar, wolfar (“welfare”)). Equivalent to well + fare. Compare also West Frisian wolfeart, Dutch welvaart, German Wohlfahrt, Old Norse velferð (whence Swedish välfärd (“welfare”)). The first recorded use in the sense of "social concern for the well-being of children, the unemployed, etc." is from 1904 and in the sense of "organized effort to provide for maintenance of members of a group" from 1918. Pronunciation: /ˈwɛlˌfɛə/, /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ 1. To provide with welfare or aid. Labels: transitive Example: welfaring the poor
Word: plump Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English plump, plompe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch plomp or Middle Low German plump. Cognate with Saterland Frisian plump (“plump”). Pronunciation: /plʌmp/ 1. Having a full and rounded shape; chubby, somewhat overweight. Example: a plump baby; plump cheeks Example: The god of wine did his plump clusters bring. 2. Sudden and without reservation; blunt; direct; downright. Example: We are averse to plump queries, but we are going to ask our readers a plain, simple question Did you ever see a paper y'clept "The Yankee Blade?" Example: After the plump statement that the author was at Erceldoune and spake with Thomas. 3. Of a wine: giving the sensation of filling the mouth. Example: A plump wine, with an abundance of plum and berry characteristics and soft, round tannins. Easy to drink; ready on release.
Word: plump Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English plump, plompe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch plomp or Middle Low German plump. Cognate with Saterland Frisian plump (“plump”). Pronunciation: /plʌmp/ 1. To grow plump; to swell out. Labels: intransitive Example: Her cheeks have plumped. 2. To make plump; to fill (out) or support; often with up. Labels: transitive Example: to plump oysters or scallops by placing them in fresh or brackish water Example: to plump up the hollowness of their history with improbable miracles 3. To give a plumper (kind of vote). Labels: intransitive 4. To give (a vote), as a plumper. Labels: transitive 5. To favor or decide in favor of. Labels: intransitive Example: A recent poll by the New York Times found that although most Brazilians plump for arch-rival Argentina as the team they most want to lose, the second-biggest group want Brazil itself to stumble.
Word: plump Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpsen. Pronunciation: /plʌmp/ 1. To cast or let drop (something) all at once, suddenly and heavily. Labels: transitive Example: to plump a stone into water 2. To drop or fall suddenly or heavily, all at once. Labels: intransitive Example: September 24, 1712, The Spectator No. 492, letter from a prude Dulcissa plumps into a chair.
Word: plump Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpsen. Pronunciation: /plʌmp/ 1. Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly. Example: I suppose then, that going plump on a flying whale with your sail set in a foggy squall is the height of a whaleman’s discretion?
Word: plump Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpsen. Pronunciation: /plʌmp/ 1. The sound of a sudden heavy fall. Example: As she beheld her, poor Mrs. Mack's heart fluttered up to her mouth, and then dropped with a dreadful plump, into the pit of her stomach.
Word: plump Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English plump. Pronunciation: /plʌmp/ 1. A knot or cluster; a group; a crowd. Labels: obsolete Example: a plump of trees, fowls, or spears Example: To visit islands and the plumps of men. 2. A group of geese flying close together.
Word: unerotic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree English un- Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁rém-e-tider.? Pre-Greekder.? Ancient Greek ἐράω (eráō) Ancient Greek ἔρως (érōs) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós) Ancient Greek ἐρωτῐκός (erōtĭkós)der. Latin erōticuslbor. French érotiqueder. English erotic English unerotic From un- + erotic. 1. Not erotic; not sexually arousing.
Word: unpaid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Germanic *un- Proto-West Germanic *un- Old English un- Middle English un- English un- English pay English -ed English paid English unpaid From un- + paid. Pronunciation: /ʌnˈpeɪd/ 1. Not paid for. Labels: not-comparable Example: an unpaid bill Example: Plea, that R. and E. being ſeiſed of lands, were diſſeiſed by plaintiff, who demiſed to defendent;^([sic]) R. and E. re-entered before any rent was unpaid. 2. Of work: done without agreed payment, usually voluntarily. Labels: not-comparable Example: an unpaid position Example: Farm labor is a critical input in agricultural production. Farm operators provide just about half of all labor hours in agriculture, most of which are unpaid. An additional 18 percent of farm labor hours are unpaid hours provided by farm household members, partners, and others.
Word: anymore Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From any + more. Pronunciation: /ˌɛn.iˈmɔː/, /ˌɛn.iˈmɔɹ/, /ˌɛn.iˈmo(ː)ɹ/, /ˌɛn.iˈmoə/, /ˌæ.niˈmoːɹ/ 1. Alternative form of any more. Labels: US, alt-of, alternative, especially, not-comparable Example: He doesn't live here anymore.
Word: cleaner Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English clener, clenere, equivalent to clean + -er (agent noun suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈkliː.nə/, /ˈkli.nɚ/ 1. A person whose occupation is to clean things, especially rooms, floors, and windows. Example: The cleaner worked, of course, at nights. He had to coal and light up the engine, as well as clean it, for the next day's work, which commenced with a light run to Barnham to "bring in the goods" from that station at about 6.30 a.m. 2. A device that cleans, such as the vacuum cleaner. 3. A substance used for cleaning; especially, one retailed for that purpose and meant for use on things other than one's own body. Example: Near-synonym: cleaning fluid 4. A professional laundry or dry cleaner (business). Labels: in-plural Example: I'll have to take this shirt to the cleaners. 5. A fixer; a person who disposes of bodies and evidence. Labels: idiomatic, informal
Word: cleaner Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Inherited from Middle English clener, clenner, clanner, clannere, from Old English clǣnra, clǣnre (“cleaner, purer, clearer”), from Proto-West Germanic *klainiʀō (“daintier, more delicate”), from Proto-Germanic *klainizô (“shinier, finer, more splendid”), equivalent to clean + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈkliː.nə/, /ˈkli.nɚ/ 1. Comparative form of clean: more clean. Labels: comparative, form-of Example: Diesel No. C222 was shunting near the shed, as was a 4-4-0 with a very large-looking boiler, No. 306, which was much the cleaner of the two.
Word: sclerotise Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From sclerotic (“hard, solid”, adjective) + -ise. 1. To harden.
Word: petrification Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French pétrification, from Middle French pétrifier + -ation. Pronunciation: /ˌpɛtɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ 1. Turning to stone: the process of replacement of the organic residues of plants (and animals) with insoluble salts, with the original shape and topography being retained. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. obduracy; callousness. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable Example: a Petrification or Mortification of the Mind 3. Sheer terror; great fright. Labels: countable, figuratively, uncountable
Word: petrifaction Part of Speech: noun 1. Petrification. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. An object that has become petrified. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: An Indian cabinet, consisting of a small but choice collection of petrefactions and fossils, was placed in a recess at the bottom of the room; a few paintings and portraits from the pencil of the most eminent artists adorned the walls. 3. The condition of being petrified. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The crisp leaves of holly, mistletoe, and ivy reflected back the light, as if so many little mirrors had been scattered there; and such a mighty blaze went roaring up the chimney, as that dull petrifaction of a hearth had never known in Scrooge's time, or Marley's, or for many and many a winter season gone.
Word: petrified Part of Speech: adj 1. Having undergone the process of petrification (transformation into a stony substance); turned to stone. Example: On Yule-eve alone can petrified Giants receive back their life for the space of seven hours, if one of their race embraces them, and is, at the same time, willing to sacrifice a hundred years of their own life. Example: Entering Avebury from any direction is like stepping back into the past. Before the centre of the village is reached, the road passes through an immense circle of brooding stones which stand like petrified ghosts of an age about which little is known. 2. Extremely afraid.
Word: petrified Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of petrify Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: detain Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French detenir. Doublet of détente. Cognate with Italian detenere, Portuguese deter, Romanian deține, and Spanish detener. Pronunciation: /dɪˈteɪn/ 1. To keep something from proceeding or coming to completion; to delay. Labels: transitive 2. To keep someone from proceeding by holding them back or making claims on their attention. Labels: transitive 3. To keep back or from; to withhold. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: Detain not the wages of the hireling. 4. To put someone under custody. Labels: transitive Example: In April of 2009, however, the disease was found to suddenly no longer be appearing in newly-hatched chickens, and, upon review, it was discovered that Dr. Wildcat had modified 6002 without authorization, removing the disease from the genome. She's detained and questioned by Muller, and, even though she tries to lie that she didn't do anything, they have footage of her ascending the tree on her own. 5. To seize goods for official purposes. Labels: transitive
Word: publicity Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French publicité, From Medieval Latin pūblicitātem, accusative singular of pūblicitās, from Latin pūblicus (“public, general”). Morphologically public + -ity. Pronunciation: /pʌbˈlɪsɪti/ 1. Advertising or other activity designed to rouse public interest in something. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: A gay man accused of disorderly conduct for posting publicity for a Boston gay event was found not guilty in Cambridge District Court on July 22. 2. Public interest attracted in this way. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Any publicity, runs the axiom, is good publicity. 3. The condition of being the object of public attention. Labels: uncountable, usually 4. The quality of being public, not private. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Amelia's gentle eyes, too, had been fixed anxiously on the pair, whose conduct had so chafed the jealous General; but when Rebecca entered her box, she flew to her friend with an affectionate rapture which showed itself, in spite of the publicity of the place; for she embraced her dearest friend in the presence of the whole house, at least in full view of the General's glass, now brought to bear upon the Osborne party.
Word: spore Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin spora, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá, “seed”), related to σπόρος (spóros, “sowing”) and σπείρω (speírō, “to sow”). Related to English spread). Pronunciation: /spɔː(ɹ)/, /spoɹ/, /spoː(ɹ)/, /spo(ː)ɹ/, /spoə/ 1. A reproductive particle, usually a single cell, released by a fungus, alga, or plant that may germinate into another. Example: Thresher maws are subterranean carnivores that spend their entire lives eating or searching for something to eat. Threshers reproduce via spores that lie dormant for millennia, yet are robust enough to survive prolonged periods in deep space and atmospheric re-entry. As a result, thresher spores appear on many worlds, spread by previous generations of space travelers. Example: After anthrax spores were found in letters sent to Sens. Patrick Leahy and Thomas Daschle in 2001, Congress began screening all the mail that came into the building. 2. A thick resistant particle produced by a bacterium or protist to survive in harsh or unfavorable conditions.