nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: eke Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”), from Old English ēaca, from Proto-Germanic *aukô, from *aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”). The English noun is cognate with Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”), Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”). The verb is derived partly: * from the noun; and * from Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”) [and other forms], from three distinct verbs (1) Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”) (transitive), (2) ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”), and (3) ēacian, all from Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”); see further above. The English verb is cognate with Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”), Old English ēac (“also”), Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”), Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”), (Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”), Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”), Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”), Swedish öka (“to increase”)). Pronunciation: /iːk/, /ik/ 1. An addition. Labels: dialectal Example: [T]hey [the Catholics and Puritans] encumbered their verſion [of the Bible] with a load of uſeleſs Italics; often without the leaſt neceſſity, and almoſt always to the detriment of the text. In fact, either the words in Italics are virtually implied in the Hebrew, or they are not. In the former caſe they are a real part of the text, and ſhould be printed in the ſame character: in the latter, they are generally ill aſſorted and clumſy ekes, that may well be ſpared; and which often disfigure the narration under pretence of connecting it. 2. A small stand on which a beehive is placed. Labels: archaic Example: Various have been the contrivances for effecting the separation of storage and breeding departments in a hive. […] An empty box or hive, pushed beneath a full one, is denominated a Nadir,—a mode of practice not always advisable except in the case of swarms of the same year, or towards the latter end of very abundant seasons. A still smaller addition to a common hive consists of merely a few bands of straw, on which it is raised temporarily, and this constitutes an eke. […] The entrance to the stock-hive must be stopped, and one made at the bottom of the eke or nadir. 3. A spacer put between or over or under hive parts to make more space.
Word: eke Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”), from Old English ēaca, from Proto-Germanic *aukô, from *aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”). The English noun is cognate with Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”), Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”). The verb is derived partly: * from the noun; and * from Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”) [and other forms], from three distinct verbs (1) Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”) (transitive), (2) ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”), and (3) ēacian, all from Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”); see further above. The English verb is cognate with Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”), Old English ēac (“also”), Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”), Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”), (Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”), Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”), Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”), Swedish öka (“to increase”)). Pronunciation: /iːk/, /ik/ 1. Chiefly in the form eke out: to add to, to augment; to increase; to lengthen. Labels: transitive Example: Is not enough, that thruſt from heauen dew / Here endleſſe penaunce for one fault I pay, / But that redoubled crime with vengeaunce new / Thou biddeſt me to eeke? Example: Now the reaſons why they teach the calves to drink ſo ſoon are various. […] Secondly, the goodwife ſaves milk by this way of drinking, for ſhe quickly ekes out the milk with pottage, &c.
Word: eke Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English ek, eek, eke (“also”) [and other forms], from Old English ēac, ǣc, ēc (“also”), from Proto-West Germanic *auk, from Proto-Germanic *auk (“also, too; furthermore, in addition”), then either: * from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”); or * from Pre-Germanic *h₂ew (“away from, off; again”) + *g(ʰ)e (postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’) The English word is cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk, “also; for, because; but also”), Old Frisian âk, Old High German ouh (“also, as well, too”) (Middle High German ouch, modern German auch (“also, as well, too”)), Old Norse auk (“also; and”) (Danish og (“and”), Swedish och (“and”), ock (“(dated) also, as well as, too”)), Old Saxon ôk, Dutch ook (“also, too; moreover; either”), Saterland Frisian ook, uk (“also, too”), West Frisian ek (“also, too”). Pronunciation: /iːk/, /ik/ 1. Also; in addition to. Labels: archaic, not-comparable Example: The ſoote [i.e., sweet] ſeaſon, that bud and blome forth brings, / With grene hath clad the hill, and eke the vale: […] Example: 'Tis false: for Arthur wore in Hall / Round Table like a Farthingal, / On which, with Shirt pull'd out behind, / And eke before his good Knights dined.
Word: cruck Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Perhaps from a dialectal variant of crutch or crook. Pronunciation: /kɹʌk/, /kɹʊk/ 1. A sturdy timber with a curve or angle used for primary framing of a timber house, usually used in pairs. Example: 1952: To construct such a house, it is necessary to select an oak with a branch growing out at an angle of about 45°; the upper part of the tree, above the fork, having been cut off, the trunk and branch are roughly squared and divided in half . If the two halves are then placed opposite one another, with the branch ends pegged together, they constitute what was usually known as a 'cruck' or, more correctly, 'a pair of crucks'. — L.F. Salzman, Building in England, p. 195. Example: Historic England explained the listing: "The station's unique design employs a high level of sophistication and innovation through its use of conoid shells supported on a cruck-like frame, which not only create a dramatic aesthetic form, but endow the building with a light and spacious interior."
Word: cruck Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Perhaps from a dialectal variant of crutch or crook. Pronunciation: /kɹʌk/, /kɹʊk/ 1. To make lame. Labels: dialectal, transitive
Word: cruck Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From blend of car + truck. Pronunciation: /kɹʌk/, /kɹʊk/ 1. A vehicle that has features of both a car and a truck. Example: It was a car/truck. The cab had two seats like a car and the back had a flat cut out for cargo like a truck. People used to call it a 'Cruck'. Example: It was a half car, half truck. I christened it the “Cruck”.
Word: thack Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English thakken (“to stroke”), from Old English þaccian (“to touch gently, stroke, tap”), from Proto-West Germanic *þakwōn, from Proto-Germanic *þakwōną (“to touch lightly”), from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂g- (“to touch”). Cognate with Old Dutch þakolōn (“to stroke”), Old Norse þykkr (“a thwack, thump, blow”), Icelandic þjökka, þjaka (“to thwack, thump, beat”), Norwegian tjåka (“to strike, beat”), Latin tangō (“touch”). More at thwack, tangent. Pronunciation: /θæk/ 1. To strike or thump (someone or something); to thwack. Labels: dialectal, transitive
Word: thack Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English thacce, from thakken (“to stroke”): see etymology 1. Pronunciation: /θæk/ 1. A stroke; a thwack.
Word: thack Part of Speech: intj Etymology: From Middle English thacce, from thakken (“to stroke”): see etymology 1. Pronunciation: /θæk/ 1. The sound of a thack. Example: 1860, Albany Fonblanque, Jun., Hector Mainwaring; or, A lease for lives, Ward and Lock, page 205, Thack ! thack ! thack ! the heavy hunting whip came down upon the head and shoulders of Charles Dudley. Example: Whishhh—THACK! The strap is a blur as it comes to meet my outstretched hand.
Word: thack Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English thak, thakk, thakke, from Old English þæc, from Proto-West Germanic *þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-. Cognate with Dutch dak, Low German Dack, Danish tag (“roof”), German Dach (“roof”), Old Norse þak (“thatch, roof”). Akin to Latin toga (“garment”) and Ancient Greek στέγος (stégos, “roof”). See also thatch and deck. Pronunciation: /θæk/ 1. The weatherproof outer layer of a roof, often specifically thatch. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: This outer layer was generically known as 'thack', but, owing to the fact that the vast majority of buildings in early times were covered with a thacking of straw or some similar material, 'thatch' gradually acquired its modern restricted significance of straw, or reed, heling.
Word: thack Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English thak, thakk, thakke, from Old English þæc, from Proto-West Germanic *þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-. Cognate with Dutch dak, Low German Dack, Danish tag (“roof”), German Dach (“roof”), Old Norse þak (“thatch, roof”). Akin to Latin toga (“garment”) and Ancient Greek στέγος (stégos, “roof”). See also thatch and deck. Pronunciation: /θæk/ 1. To cover a roof with thack. Example: The said day, it was represented that the thacking and covering of Houses houses in the towne with straw and hedder wes very dangerous, and rendered them obnoxious to fyre, and to the endangering of the saids houses and the neighbouring adjacent houses, and that a fatall evidence thereof, by haveing some houses thacked and covered as said is, had falne out in the Gallowgate lately; […] .
Word: yelm Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English yelm, from Old English ġielm (“bunch or handful (of plant stems)”), from Proto-West Germanic *galmi (“bundle or handful of plants”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”) or *gʰel- (“to cut”). The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /jɛlm/ 1. A bundle of straw laid out straight, chiefly to be used for thatching; a helm. Labels: UK, dialectal Example: After the leaves had been removed, as many turnips were thrown together as would lie upon a circle four yards in diameter: yealms of wheat-straw were made, similar to such as are used for thatching, but longer, thicker, and formed with less precision: four tall stakes were then driven into the earth, each a yard from the heap, so as to form a square, each side of which would measure six yards. Two courses of yealms were next placed on the earth, so as to enclose the quadrangle indicated by the stakes; […] Example: Another useful implement of Mr. Williams' is his Patent Horse-rake. […] [A] ball working with the leverage of a handle keeps the teeth at their work, and is connected with the bar running underneath by a spring, and cannot lose the yealm.
Word: yelm Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English yelm, from Old English ġielm (“bunch or handful (of plant stems)”), from Proto-West Germanic *galmi (“bundle or handful of plants”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”) or *gʰel- (“to cut”). The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /jɛlm/ 1. To choose and lay out (straw) straight to be used for animal fodder or thatching; to helm. Labels: UK, dialectal, transitive Example: Horses thrive particularly well upon it [furze], and are exceedingly lively and hearty in their work; but I have usually given it to them mixed with chaff, containing one part hay, and two parts straw, yelmed together, and cut by a chaff-cutter. Example: The straw, when delivered from the threshing machine, […] then comes down an inclined rack, nearly yelmed and ready for cutting into chaff. Three men yelm the straw, mixing it with a small quantity of green fodder, such as rye or tares. 2. To choose and lay out straw straight to be used for animal fodder or thatching; to helm. Labels: UK, dialectal, intransitive Example: [T]wo or three women are busy ‘yelming’—i.e., separating the straw, selecting the longest and laying it level and parallel, damping it with water, and preparing it for the yokes. Example: We must now call attention to a patent yealming machine by Mr. [Robert] Maynard, and when attached to his combined chaff engine was one of the most attractive novelties in the Agricultural Hall. In using it, a man pitches the hay or straw on to an elevating endless rake, which draws up the material to the yealming apparatus which straightens it for the knife of the chaff-cutter. It is a well-known fact that unless the straw is properly yealmed by hand before it goes into the feeding box a large portion of it goes in sideways and passes out of the engine as cavings. Maynard's mechanical yealming machine does the work better and more regularly than is done by hand, so that there is a gain apart from the great saving of manual labour, consequently the general advantage is immense, because farmers see the practical benefit of the combination.
Word: ita Part of Speech: noun 1. A kind of palm tree (Mauritia flexuosa), growing near the Orinoco.
Word: gimme Part of Speech: contraction Etymology: Written form of a reduction of give me. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɪmiː/ 1. Give me. Labels: colloquial, contraction Example: Gimme the ball. Example: He, that would write exactly, muſt avoid a Barbarous Pronunciation, and conſider for facility, or thorow miſtake, many words are not ſounded after the beſt dialect. Such as […] gem me, gim me, give me.
Word: gimme Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Written form of a reduction of give me. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɪmiː/ 1. That which is easy to perform or obtain, especially in sports. Labels: colloquial Example: You have to swipe along to page three of Fifa's world rankings before catching sight of the Faroe Islands, perched in 114th place, nearly 70 spots below Scotland. But under Hakan Ericson, they no longer represent the gimme fixture most in world football once reckoned them to be. 2. That which is easy to perform or obtain, especially in sports. Labels: colloquial Example: Don't count two strokes for that — it was a gimme: if I wasn't holding the flag with my other hand for the next players waiting for the hole, it would have gone in. 3. That which is easy to perform or obtain, especially in sports. Labels: colloquial Example: The Trojan horse gimme typically arrives as an e-mail attachment promising something for nothing (that is, a “gimme”)—maybe a fun free screen saver,[…] Example: Our first answered prayer is Salvation—the entry of Christ— but that is a “gimme,” it is a “freebie,” for God has already answered this prayer for everyone, even before he or she asks. 4. That which is certain; that which is sure to be the case. Example: Imani: Well, yeah, I was smoking a lot of weed back then, that's a gimme. At the Manor it was really just smoking. Stress smoking. We didn't have no chronic at the time—there were some mushrooms here and there. Example: Didn't wear any rings, and if she had worn some, they would have contained purple stones, that was a gimme. A nightmarish thought flashed through his head. Him waking on a Sunday morning, finding Cresta there in his bed beside him,[…]
Word: sexism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English sex Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English sexism From sex + -ism. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛksɪzm̩/ 1. The belief that people of one sex (or gender) are inherently different from those of another sex, and generally that one sex is superior to others. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The notion that either gender is superior is sexism. 2. Discrimination against, or different treatment of, people on the basis of sex or gender, including the expectation that people should adhere to stereotypical social roles (gender roles) based on sex; (in particular, especially) discrimination against women. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The fact that there is only one woman in a management position in that company makes it easy to believe that sexism runs rampant there. Example: The sexism of making and promoting violent films for men and romantic comedies for women.
Word: style Part of Speech: verb Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English stile (“writing tool; piece of written work; characteristic mode of expression; demeanour; person's designation or title; stem of a plant; period of time”) (compare semantic development to по́черк (póčerk, “handwriting, style”)), from Old French estile, or from Medieval Latin stylus, both from Latin stilus (“pointed instrument; writing tool; composition; characteristic mode of expression; stem of a plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp; to pierce, prick, puncture, stab; to goad”). Doublet of stylus. The verb is derived from the noun. Cognates *Catalan estil (“engraving tool, stylus; gnomon; manner of doing something, style; fashionable skill, grace”) * German Stiel (“handle; stalk”) * Italian stilo (“needle, stylus; fountain pen; beam; gnomon; part of pistil, style”) * Occitan estil * Portuguese estilo (“writing tool, stylus; manner of doing something, style”) * Spanish estilo (“writing tool, stylus; manner of doing something, style; fashionable skill, grace; part of pistil, style”). Pronunciation: /staɪl/, /staɪ.əl/ 1. To design, fashion, make, or arrange in a certain way or form (style). Labels: transitive 2. To call or give a name or title to. Labels: formal, transitive Example: The pope is styled His or Your Holiness. Example: […] Donenald O-Neale, rovvſed out of his lurking holes, in his miſsiue letters vnto the Pope, ſtileth himſelfe King of Vlſter, and in right of inheritance, the vndoubted Heire of all Ireland. 3. To create for, or give to, someone a style, fashion, or image, particularly one which is regarded as attractive, tasteful, or trendy. Labels: informal, transitive 4. To act in a way which seeks to show that one possesses style. Labels: US, informal, intransitive
Word: style Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See etymology at stile. 1. Obsolete form of stile Labels: alt-of, obsolete Example: "Well, ma'am, I crossed over the style that 's there yet, and went along fair and easy, till I was near about the middle of the field, when something made me cast my eyes to the ground, a little before me[.]"
Word: hairstyle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From hair + style. 1. The style in which someone's hair has been cut and arranged.
Word: castellated Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Medieval Latin castellātus (“fortified, castellate”) + -ed (forming past participles). Equivalent to the past participle of castellate but attested earlier than other uses of the verb. Pronunciation: /ˈkastəleɪtɪd/ 1. Castle-like: built or shaped like a castle; usually, specifically, having castellations (crenellations). Example: Near-synonym: crenellated Example: ...A Castellated mansion... 2. Having grooves or recesses on an upper face. Example: Near-synonym: crenellated Example: Castellated nuts are used throughout, with split pins. 3. Castled: having or furnished with castles. Example: ...This castellated island... 4. Housed or kept in a castle. Labels: rare Example: His unbiassed justice... struck horror into the heart of every castellated felon.
Word: castellated Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Medieval Latin castellum (“cistern”). Pronunciation: /ˈkastəleɪtɪd/ 1. Synonym of enclosed, when used for fountains, cisterns, &c. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: A fayre Conduite of sweete water, castellated in the middest of that warde and streete...
Word: haver Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Scots haiver. Pronunciation: /ˈheɪvə/, /ˈheːvəɹ/ 1. To hem and haw. Labels: UK Example: This didn't seem at all unlikely, but when I none the less havered, he insisted that his 'Egyptian fortune-teller' had confirmed it. 2. To talk foolishly; to chatter. Labels: Scotland Example: To business, and no more havers. Example: And if I haver, Yeah I know I’m gonna be, I’m gonna be the man Who’s haverin' to you.
Word: haver Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Scots haver, from Middle English haver, from Old Norse hafri (“oat, oats”), from Proto-Germanic *habrô (“oat, oats”), from Proto-Indo-European *kapro- (“goat”). Cognate with Dutch haver (“oats”) and German Hafer (“oat”). Pronunciation: /ˈheɪvə/, /ˈheːvəɹ/, /ˈavə/ 1. The cereal grain of cultivated oats (Avena sativa). Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, UK Example: From porridge, the liquid preparation of oats, we are led almost automatically to the haver-cake, which was a great improvement on the former, for it could be carried about, and kept for an indefinite time in sound and wholesome condition. 2. The plant or the grain of common wild oats (Avena fatua). Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, UK, archaic
Word: haver Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English haver, havere, equivalent to have + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈhævɚ/, /ˈhævə/ 1. One who has something (in various senses). Example: It is held / That valour is the chiefest virtue, and / Most dignifies the haver: if it be, / The man I speak of cannot in the world / Be singly counterpoised. Example: Because abortion would no longer be an issue (except, again, in the case of criminal sex-havers), Democrats and republicans would stop fighting […] 2. The person who has custody of a document. Labels: Scotland
Word: haver Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew חבר. 1. Alternative form of chaver. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: oats Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /əʊts/, /oʊts/, [əʊts], [ɛʊts], /æɔts/ 1. plural of oat Labels: form-of, plural
Word: oats Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /əʊts/, /oʊts/, [əʊts], [ɛʊts], /æɔts/ 1. A mass of oat plants (genus Avena, especially Avena sativa). Labels: plural, singular Example: Oats are in the north corner of the farm. Example: Usually oats is last in a rotation and does not get the fertilizer that other feed grains get. 2. Seeds of an oat plant, especially prepared as food. Labels: plural, singular Example: Oats is a heart-healthy breakfast food. Example: Oats are good for you. 3. Sexual intercourse, sexual satisfaction; semen. Labels: plural, singular, slang Example: Must I beat the Bush while you catch the Game ; Sow your wild oates, And mind not her wild notes, Of Alack &c. […] [She] bid me fill, fill, fill Her Sack &c. But twas all in Vaine For I had spilt my graine With a Thwack, &c. Example: “[…]he’s young,” he added excusingly. “And I suppose he’s just feeling his oats a bit.” “Well he can save his damned oats up until we get into port—like any other sailor. If I catch him making those sort of passes at any woman who happens to be making a passage with us, Mister Samuals, I’ll disrate him and send him to the fo’c’sle!”
Word: toll Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English toll, tol, tolle, from Old English toll m or n and toln f (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale. Alternate etymology derives Old English toll from Medieval Latin tolōneum, tolōnium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin telōneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”). Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. A fee paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, etc. Example: Meanwhile, the tolls dispute had gone to the courts, and the E.L.R. was completely successful when, in 1856, the House of Lords awarded it the sum of £30,000 against the L.Y.R. for tolls overcharged. 2. Loss or damage incurred through a disaster. Example: The war has taken its toll on the people. 3. A fee paid by the owner of materials or other goods for processing such goods, as under a tolling agreement. Example: toll ore refining; toll manufacturing 4. A fee for using any kind of material processing service. Labels: broadly Example: We can handle on a toll basis your needs for spray drying, repackaging, crushing and grinding, and dry blending. 5. A tollbooth. Labels: US Example: We will be replacing some manned tolls with high-speed device readers. 6. A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor. Labels: UK, obsolete 7. A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding. Labels: England, obsolete, regional
Word: toll Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English toll, tol, tolle, from Old English toll m or n and toln f (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale. Alternate etymology derives Old English toll from Medieval Latin tolōneum, tolōnium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin telōneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”). Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. To impose a fee for the use of. Labels: transitive Example: Once more it is proposed to toll the East River bridges. 2. To levy a toll on (someone or something). Labels: ambitransitive Example: No Italian priest Shall tithe or toll in our dominions. 3. To take as a toll. Labels: transitive 4. To pay a toll or tallage. Example: I will buy me a sonne in Law in a faire, and toule for this. Ile none of him.
Word: toll Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Probably the same as Etymology 3. Possibly related to or influenced by toil Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. The act or sound of ringing a bell, especially slowly, as with a church or cemetery bell.
Word: toll Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Probably the same as Etymology 3. Possibly related to or influenced by toil Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. To ring (a bell) slowly and repeatedly. Labels: ergative Example: Martin tolled the great bell every day. Example: Ask not for whom the bell tolls. 2. To summon by ringing a bell. Labels: transitive Example: The ringer tolled the workers back from the fields for vespers. Example: When hollow murmurs of their evening bells Dismiss the sleepy swains, and toll them to their cells. 3. To announce by ringing a bell. Labels: transitive Example: The bells tolled the King’s death. Example: Slow tolls the village-clock the drowſy hour; The partridge burſts away on whirring wings; Deep mourns the turtle in ſequeſter'd bower, And ſhrill lark carols clear from her aereal tour. 4. To make a sound as if made by a bell. Labels: figuratively Example: The chaplain's first mention of the name Yossarian! had tolled deep in his memory like a portentous gong.
Word: toll Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English tolen, tollen, variation of tullen, tillen (“to draw, allure, entice”), from Old English *tyllan, *tillan (“to pull, draw, attract”) (found in compounds fortyllan (“to seduce, lead astray, draw away from the mark, deceive”) and betyllan, betillan (“to lure, decoy”)), related to Old Frisian tilla (“to lift, raise”), Dutch tillen (“to lift, raise, weigh, buy”), Low German tillen (“to lift, remove”), Swedish dialectal tille (“to take up, appropriate”). Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. To draw; pull; tug; drag. Labels: obsolete, transitive 2. To tear in pieces. Labels: transitive 3. To draw; entice; invite; allure. Labels: transitive Example: Hou many virgins shal she tolle and drawe to þe Lord - "Life of Our Lady" 4. To lure with bait; tole (especially, fish and animals). Labels: transitive
Word: toll Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Latin tollō (“to lift up”). Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. To take away; to vacate; to annul. Labels: obsolete 2. To suspend. Example: The statute of limitations defense was tolled as a result of the defendant’s wrongful conduct.
Word: toll Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /təʊl/, /tɒl/, [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ] 1. simple past and past participle of tell Labels: form-of, participle, past Example: I done toll you for the last time.
Word: bandar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi बंदर (bandar). 1. A rhesus macaque.
Word: betavoltaics Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English betavoltaic Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic Old English -as Middle English -es English -s English -ics English betavoltaics From betavoltaic + -ics. 1. The study or application of the betavoltaic effect. Labels: uncountable
Word: disaster Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French desastre, from Italian disastro, from dis- + astro (“star”), from Latin astrum (“star”), from Ancient Greek ἄστρον (ástron, “star”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Pronunciation: /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/, [dɪˈzɑːs.təː], /dɪˈzas.təː/, /dəˈzäːs.təː/, [dəˈzäːs.təː] 1. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent change to the natural environment. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: People would suffer disasters when society's morality degenerates. Example: Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages. Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge. 2. An unforeseen event causing great loss, upset or unpleasantness of whatever kind. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: And no use for anyone to tell Charles that this was because the Family was in mourning for Mr Granville Darracott […]: Charles might only have been second footman at Darracott Place for a couple of months when that disaster occurred, but no one could gammon him into thinking that my lord cared a spangle for his heir. Example: A nod means good, two nods; very good. And then there's the pursing of the lips: disaster. 3. A skateboard trick involving a 180-degree ollie, landing on the center of the board with the front trucks facing towards the ramp and the back trucks over the lip. The skater then leans forwards to return in the ramp. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: dyslexia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from French dyslexie and/or German Dyslexie, coined by German ophthalmologist Rudolf Berlin in 1887, from dys- + lexis + -ia, from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-) + λέξις (léxis, “diction”, “word”), from Ancient Greek λέγω (légō, “to speak”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leg- (“to collect, gather; to speak”). The term was coined with λέξις (léxis) being taken to mean "reading," likely due to semantic conflation of Greek λέγω (légō, “to speak”) and Latin legō (“to read”). By surface analysis, dys + lex(is) + -ia. Pronunciation: /(ˌ)dɪsˈlɛk.si.ə/ 1. A learning disability characterized by reading and writing difficulties. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: dyslexic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: By surface analysis, dyslexia + -ic. Piecewise doublet of dyslectic. Pronunciation: /dɪsˈlɛksɪk/ 1. Of or pertaining to dyslexia. 2. Having dyslexia. Example: She a feminist, she think I'm sexist / Twistin' my words, I think she dyslexic
Word: dyslexic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By surface analysis, dyslexia + -ic. Piecewise doublet of dyslectic. Pronunciation: /dɪsˈlɛksɪk/ 1. A person who has dyslexia.
Word: vest Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Derived from French veste (“a vest, jacket”), from Latin vestis (“a garment, gown, robe, vestment, clothing, vesture”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis, from *wes- (“to be dressed”) (English wear). Cognate with Sanskrit वस्त्र (vastra) and Spanish vestir. Pronunciation: /vɛst/ 1. A sleeveless garment that buttons down the front, worn over a shirt, and often as part of a suit; a waistcoat. Labels: Canada, US Example: The Jones man was looking at her hard. Now he reached into the hatch of his vest and fetched out a couple of cigars, everlasting big ones, with gilt bands on them. 2. A sleeveless garment, often with a low-cut neck, usually worn under a shirt or blouse. Labels: UK 3. A sleeveless top, typically with identifying colours or logos, worn by an athlete or member of a sports team. 4. Any sleeveless outer garment, often for a purpose such as identification, safety, or storage. Example: He gripped some of the shreds and pulled off his vest and the shirt beneath it, his clothing disintegrating around him. What in the hell point was there in wearing a twenty-five-pound bulletproof vest if you could still get gunned to death? 5. A vestment. Example: In state attended by her maiden train, / Who bore the vests that holy rites require. 6. Clothing generally; array; garb. Example: Not seldom, clad in radiant vest / Deceitfully goes forth the morn. 7. A loose robe or outer garment worn historically by men in Arab or Middle Eastern countries. Labels: archaic
Word: vest Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Derived from French veste (“a vest, jacket”), from Latin vestis (“a garment, gown, robe, vestment, clothing, vesture”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis, from *wes- (“to be dressed”) (English wear). Cognate with Sanskrit वस्त्र (vastra) and Spanish vestir. Pronunciation: /vɛst/ 1. To clothe with, or as with, a vestment, or garment; to dress; to robe; to cover, surround, or encompass closely. Labels: passive Example: Came vested all in white, pure as her mind. Example: With ether vested, and a purple sky. 2. To clothe with authority, power, etc.; to put in possession; to invest; to furnish; to endow; followed by with and the thing conferred. Example: to vest a court with power to try cases of life and death Example: Had thy poor breast receiv’d an equal pain; / Had I been vested with the monarch’s power; / Thou must have sigh’d, unlucky youth, in vain; / Nor from my bounty hadst thou found a cure. 3. To place or give into the possession or discretion of some person or authority; to commit to another; with in before the possessor. Example: The power of life and death is vested in the king, or in the courts. Example: , Book I Empire and dominion […] was vested in him. 4. To clothe with possession; also, to give a person an immediate fixed right of present or future enjoyment of. Example: to vest a person with an estate Example: an estate is vested in possession 5. (of an inheritance or a trust fund) To devolve upon the person currently entitled when a prior interest has ended. Labels: intransitive Example: Upon the death of the Sovereign the Crown automatically vests in the next heir without the need of coronation or other formality. 6. To become vested, to become permanent. Labels: intransitive Example: My pension vests at the end of the month and then I can take it with me when I quit. Example: If you doubt that you'll stick around at the company long enough for your options to vest, you should discount the value for that uncertainty as well. 7. To invest; to put. Labels: obsolete Example: to vest money in goods, land, or houses
Word: vet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of veterinarian. Pronunciation: /vɛt/ 1. A veterinarian or veterinary surgeon. Labels: colloquial Example: Colin Cameron, a vet who examined the dead animal, said there was "no doubt the kitten would have suffered unnecessarily" before dying.
Word: vet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of veteran. Pronunciation: /vɛt/ 1. A veteran (a former soldier or other member of armed forces). Labels: US, colloquial Example: “A former soldier, sir. A vet. Theyʼre all vets, a little shellshocked.”
Word: vet Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Possibly by analogy from Etymology 1, in the sense of "verifying the soundness [of an animal]" Pronunciation: /vɛt/ 1. To thoroughly check or investigate particularly with regard to providing formal approval. Example: The FBI vets all nominees to the Federal bench. Example: Sir Humphrey Appleby: Nevertheless we do not admit it (the existence of MI6). Not everyone round this table has been vetted (pun). / Jim Hacker: I thought that's something you do to cats (laugh track). / Sir Humphrey Appleby: Yes indeed, but not ferrets, Minister (laugh track).
Word: headscarf Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap-? Proto-Indo-European *kap- Proto-Indo-European *káput Proto-Germanic *haubudą Old English hēafod Middle English heed English head English scarf English headscarf From head + scarf. Pronunciation: /ˈhɛdˌskɑɹf/ 1. A more or less square piece of material worn over the head, typically by women, often to protect the hair, or for religious reasons. Example: As far as only the Quran itself is concerned, wearing a headscarf is neither required nor prohibited. Example: But as Ms. Eran adjusted her resplendent costume, two young women wearing traditional headscarfs walked across the plaza nearby.
Word: waterfall Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English waterfal, waterfalle, from Old English wæterġefeall (“waterfall”), equivalent to water + fall. Cognate with West Frisian wetterfal (“waterfall”), Dutch waterval (“waterfall”), German Wasserfall (“waterfall”), Swedish vattenfall (“waterfall”). Pronunciation: /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/, /ˈwoːtəfoːl/, /ˈwɔtɚfɔl/, /ˈwɑtɚfɑl/, /ˈwɔtəɾfɔl/ 1. A flow of water over the edge of a cliff. Example: Hello, my love, I heard a kiss from you / Red magic satin playing near too / All through the morning rain I gaze, the sun doesn't shine / Rainbows and waterfalls run through my mind 2. A waterfall-like outpouring of liquid, smoke, etc. Labels: figuratively Example: A waterfall of mist came from the open freezer. 3. Short for waterfall model Labels: abbreviation, alt-of Example: A very long project […] had taken a whole group of people through a painful waterfall development process. 4. The action of drinking from a vessel without touching it with the lips, considered more sanitary for a shared vessel. Labels: US, slang Example: Hey man, can I take a waterfall from your bottle? 5. A necktie. Labels: colloquial, dated 6. A chignon (hairstyle). Labels: colloquial, dated 7. A beard. Labels: colloquial, dated Example: I found home a dreary place after my long absence; for half the children I had known were now wearing whiskers or waterfalls, […] 8. A kind of handstand with chin tucked and back arched.
Word: waterfall Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English waterfal, waterfalle, from Old English wæterġefeall (“waterfall”), equivalent to water + fall. Cognate with West Frisian wetterfal (“waterfall”), Dutch waterval (“waterfall”), German Wasserfall (“waterfall”), Swedish vattenfall (“waterfall”). Pronunciation: /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/, /ˈwoːtəfoːl/, /ˈwɔtɚfɔl/, /ˈwɑtɚfɑl/, /ˈwɔtəɾfɔl/ 1. To fall like a waterfall. Labels: intransitive Example: Rain ran off the bill of his fielder's cap and waterfalled in front of his face. Example: Zondra, whose dirty-blond hair waterfalled above her head from a colorful tie, gave a snorting, horsey kind of laugh. 2. To drink (something) from a container by pouring it from a height so as not to touch one's lips to the rim. Labels: transitive 3. Synonym of recycle.
Word: BOM Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /bɑm/ 1. Acronym of bill of materials. Labels: abbreviation, acronym, alt-of 2. Acronym of byte order mark. Labels: abbreviation, acronym, alt-of 3. Acronym of business-office must (“a story that must be published at the behest of the publication's business office”). Labels: abbreviation, acronym, alt-of 4. Initialism of Book of Mormon. Labels: Mormonism, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: BOM Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /bɑm/ 1. Initialism of Bureau of Meteorology. Labels: Australia, abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: aurora Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin aurōra (“dawn”). Doublet of Eos. Pronunciation: /əˈɹɔː.ɹə/, /ɔːˈɹɔː.ɹə/, /əˈɹɔɹ.ə/, /ɔˈɹɔɹ.ə/ 1. An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively. Example: On the evening of our arrival at Muka I observed what appeared like a display of Aurora Borealis, though I could hardly believe that this was possible at a point a little south of the equator. The night was clear and calm, and the northern sky presented a diffused light, with a constant succession of faint vertical flashings or flickerings, exactly similar to an ordinary aurora in England. 2. The Roman goddess of the dawn, equivalent to the Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs). 3. The dawn or early morning light itself; the first light of day.
Word: unquestioningly Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree English unquestioning Middle English -ly English -ly English unquestioningly From unquestioning + -ly. 1. Without asking questions or having doubts. With complete obedience and without making any opposition. Example: She accepted unquestioningly the dictum that a woman's place is in the home. Example: Miss Hamilton's look expressed surprise, but she accepted what he said unquestioningly; it agreed with much that she had heard.
Word: bertillonage Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from French bertillonnage; from the name of the inventor, Alphonse Bertillon. Pronunciation: /bɛːtijɒˈnɑːʒ/ 1. An early form of biometric identification used on criminals by the French police, making use of distinguishing anthropometric measurements, such as head size, arm span and scars. Labels: historical, uncountable 2. A similar form of identification of used on racing greyhounds. Labels: broadly, uncountable Example: Often these [clothing] labels are of more use than the so-called bertillonage, those eleven items of physical measurement and characteristics that must be recorded to make a positive identification but that are useless for anything else and find themselves at the bottom of desk drawers or in unused databases.
Word: Kurdistan Part of Speech: name Etymology: Either from Classical Persian کُرْدِسْتَان (kurdistān) (whence modern Iranian Persian کُرْدِسْتان (kordestân)), or from a variety of Kurdish (see کوردستان / Kurdistan). Equivalent to Kurd + -istan. Pronunciation: /ˈkəɹdɪˌstæn/, [ˈkʰɝdɪˌstɛə̯n], /ˈkəːdɪˌstɑːn/, /ˈkəːdɪˌstæn/ 1. A cultural region in West Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria. Example: He was nicknamed Chemical Ali by Iraqi Kurds, who also called him the Butcher of Kurdistan 2. An autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region. Labels: broadly 3. A province in northwestern Iran, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region. Labels: broadly
Word: ironing board Part of Speech: noun 1. A long board, often covered with fabric and having legs that are usually collapsible, on which one can iron clothes. 2. A flat-chested woman. Labels: colloquial, idiomatic
Word: extreme ironing Part of Speech: noun 1. The humorous extreme sport of ironing in various outdoor places, especially those that are remote or difficult to access. Labels: uncountable
Word: EI Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of employment insurance. Labels: Canada, abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 2. Initialism of extreme ironing. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 3. Initialism of enhanced interrogation. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 4. Initialism of enemy infantry. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 5. Initialism of extra instruction. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 6. Initialism of emotional intelligence. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable Example: Now, Nielsen is sending all hotel employees through EI training to help them become more open and confident, understand their own limitations and fears, and to boost their self-worth and comfort in dealing with other people. 7. Initialism of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable
Word: EI Part of Speech: name 1. Initialism of Encyclopædia Iranica. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
Word: item of clothing Part of Speech: noun 1. A garment.
Word: caron Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology unknown; first known use is the United States Government Printing Office Style Manual of 1967, where it apparently referred to an inverted caret. Possibly derived from caret after its similar shape (^), and with -on either from macron or as an augmentative after reanalysis of -et as a diminutive. Pronunciation: /ˈkæɹən/ 1. háček
Word: velocipede Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French vélocipède, from Latin velox (“swift”) + pes (“foot”). Pronunciation: /vɪˈlɒs.ɪ.piːd/, /vəˈlɑsəˌpid/ 1. An early two-wheeled conveyance upon which one rode astride a wooden frame propelled by means of pushing the feet against the ground. Labels: historical 2. any wheeled vehicle powered by pedaling and steered with a handlebar, including but not limited to bicycles and tricycles. 3. Any three- or four-wheeled machine driven by foot or hand levers to the rear or front axle. Labels: archaic 4. A late-1860s bicycle driven by cranks on the front axle. Labels: archaic Example: Polly laughed as she ran to view the ruin, for Tom lay flat on his back with the velocipede atop of him Example: Jimmie Trescott's new velocipede had the largest front wheel of any velocipede in Whilomville. 5. A bicycle. Labels: humorous Example: […] his eyes fell upon the instantly recognizable if somewhat battered form of his own bicycle bell. […] 'Hold up there!' he cried, and 'Enough of that! Let loose that velocipede!' Archroy heard the Irishman's frenzied cries and released his grip. Marchant toppled to the dust in a tangle of flailing spokes. Example: I sense a portent inflating / an unlikely fellowship forming / and yet as swiftly as communion effloresced, / they leave, / pedalling into the distance / on their restored velocipede.
Word: velocipede Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French vélocipède, from Latin velox (“swift”) + pes (“foot”). Pronunciation: /vɪˈlɒs.ɪ.piːd/, /vəˈlɑsəˌpid/ 1. to ride on velocipede Example: Polly and Maud willingly went, and watched his struggles with deep interest, till he got an upset, which nearly put an end to his velocipeding forever.
Word: petrichor Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From petr(o)- + ichor. Coined by Australian scientist Richard Grenfell Thomas in 1964 for the article “Nature of Argillaceous Odour”, co-authored by Isabel Joy Bear and published in the journal Nature. Pronunciation: /ˈpɛt.ɹɪ.kə, -ˌkɔː/, /ˈpɛt.ɹɪˌkɔɹ, -kɚ/ 1. The distinctive scent, caused by geosmin, which accompanies the first rain after a long, warm, dry spell. Labels: uncountable Example: Though it had yet to begin raining, the familiar smell of petrichor appeared to be already present and Neelam suddenly wished she was sitting at home with a nice cup of tea and a good book. Example: The sources of the heavenly scent during and immediately after it rains are petrichor and geosmin. Petricor is an oil produced by plants then absorbed by rocks and soil and released into the air during rainfall. 2. The yellow organic oil that yields this scent. Labels: uncountable Example: He hypothesizes that this factor may be petrichor, an oil which has been isolated from silicate minerals and rocks[…].