nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: titanium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin titanium. Pronunciation: /taɪˈteɪni.əm/, /tɪˈteɪni.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Ti), atomic number 22; it is a strong, corrosion-resistant transition metal, used to make light alloys for aircraft etc. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: This airframe uses titanium alloys extensively. Example: Even as FDA works to develop that plan, consumers continue to be exposed to unsafe food chemicals including not just dyes but also the artificial sweetener aspartame, the white pigment titanium dioxide, the preservative propylparaben, and the phthalate food packaging chemicals, according to CSPI. 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable Example: This coordination complex contains a titanium.
Word: vanadium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂-der. Proto-Germanic *wanaz Old Norse vanr Old Norse Vana Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁sder. Proto-Germanic *dīsiz Old Norse dís Old Norse Dís Old Norse Vanadís Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ium New Latin vanadiumder. English vanadium Mid 19th century, from New Latin vanadium. Pronunciation: /vəˈneɪdi.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol V) with atomic number 23; it is a transition metal, used in the production of special steels. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: chromium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin, from French chrome (from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”)) + -ium. So called because of the striking colors of its compounds. Pronunciation: /ˈkɹoʊ.mi.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: manganese Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Pre-Greekbor.? Ancient Greek Μάγνης (Mágnēs) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek Μᾰγνησῐ́ᾱ (Măgnēsĭ́ā)der. Latin Magnēsia Latin -ius Latin magnēsius Medieval Latin magnēsiader. Italian manganeseder. French manganèsebor. English manganese From French manganèse, from Italian manganese, by alteration from Latin magnesia (“magnesia”), from Ancient Greek μαγνησία (magnēsía), after Μαγνησία (Magnēsía, “Magnesia”). Doublet of Magnesia, magnesia, and magnesium; more at magnet. Pronunciation: /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniz/, /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌnis/, /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniːz/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Mn) with an atomic number of 25, not a free element in nature but often found in minerals in combination with iron, and useful in industrial alloy production. Labels: uncountable Example: Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis:[…]. The evolutionary precursor of photosynthesis is still under debate, and a new study sheds light. The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the “water-oxidizing complex”, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom. Example: For the past ten years Brad Racette, a neurologist at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri, has been tracking those effects, paying special attention to welders, since they are exposed to more manganese than most people. Being harder than iron, manganese is often used to strengthen steel and is present in many industrial emissions, including welding fumes. 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: cobalt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From German Kobalt, formerly also Kobald, ‑olt, ‑old, ‑elt, ‑el, apparently the same word as Kobold (“goblin”), from Middle High German, which became also a Harz Mountains silver miners’ term for rock laced with arsenic and sulfur, so called because it degraded the ore and made the miners ill. Doublet of kobold. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.bɒlt/, /ˈkəʊ.bɔːlt/, /ˈkoʊ.bɔlt/, /ˈkoʊ.bɑlt/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Co) with an atomic number of 27: a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. Cobalt blue. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: And although we’ve certainly seen a variety of blue shades — from periwinkle to cobalt and even Dean Cain’s indigo-washed costume from the 1990’s TV show “Lois & Clark” — Superman’s uniform is still instantly recognizable across generations. In fact, there is only one film — Zack Snyder’s 2013 “Man of Steel” — in which Superman does not wear his iconic red belted trunks.
Word: zinc Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-ónts Proto-Indo-European *h₃dóntsder. Proto-Germanic *tindaz Old High German zint? Old High German zinko Middle High German zinke German Zinke? German Zinkbor. English zinc Borrowed from German Zink, related to Zinke (“point, prong”), from Middle High German zinke, from Old High German zinko (“prong, tine”), allied to zint (“a jag, point”), from Proto-Germanic *tindaz (“prong, pinnacle”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth, projection”). Cognate with Old English tind (“tine, prong”), Middle Low German tinde, Icelandic tindur (“spike, tooth of a rake or harrow, pinnacle, peak, battlement”). See also Dutch tinne (“battlement”), German Zinne (“pinnacle, battlement”), Danish tinde (“pinnacle, battlement”), Swedish tinne (“tooth of a rake”), More at tine. Doublet of zincum. Pronunciation: /ˈzɪŋk/, /ˈziŋk/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Zn) with an atomic number of 30, a blue-silvery metal that is slightly brittle at room temperature and tarnishes slightly in moist air. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: As for daytime sun protection, Dr. Bowe said mineral sunscreens made with zinc oxide may be gentler on sensitized skin than chemical formulas. 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable 3. A corrugated iron roof. Labels: Nigeria, countable, uncountable 4. A zinc countertop. Labels: UK, colloquial, countable, dated, uncountable Example: Then, three workmen throwing dice for drinks. And their heads come sharply together as they count the scores. And so violently do they throw the dice that they shoot off "the zinc" on to the floor. Example: Even if there were a Chef and Brewer near Marble Arch, the name suggests a pint and pie, not a prawn and tomato sandwich and “a dock glass of white port off the zinc”; i.e., a small glass of a fine aperitif, at the counter […]
Word: zinc Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-ónts Proto-Indo-European *h₃dóntsder. Proto-Germanic *tindaz Old High German zint? Old High German zinko Middle High German zinke German Zinke? German Zinkbor. English zinc Borrowed from German Zink, related to Zinke (“point, prong”), from Middle High German zinke, from Old High German zinko (“prong, tine”), allied to zint (“a jag, point”), from Proto-Germanic *tindaz (“prong, pinnacle”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth, projection”). Cognate with Old English tind (“tine, prong”), Middle Low German tinde, Icelandic tindur (“spike, tooth of a rake or harrow, pinnacle, peak, battlement”). See also Dutch tinne (“battlement”), German Zinne (“pinnacle, battlement”), Danish tinde (“pinnacle, battlement”), Swedish tinne (“tooth of a rake”), More at tine. Doublet of zincum. Pronunciation: /ˈzɪŋk/, /ˈziŋk/ 1. To electroplate with zinc. Labels: rare 2. To coat with sunblock incorporating zinc oxide. Labels: rare
Word: gallium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named by its discoverer Lecoq, after Latin Gallia (“Gaul”). It was claimed that Lecoq had named the element after himself, since gallus is the Latin translation of the French le coq, but Lecoq denied this in an article of 1877. Pronunciation: /ˈɡæliəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Ga) with an atomic number of 31; a soft bluish metal. Labels: uncountable
Word: germanium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin Germānus Latin Germānī Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ia Latin Germānia ▲ Latin -ius New Latin -ium German Germaniumbor. English germanium Borrowed from German Germanium. Pronunciation: /d͡ʒɚˈmeɪni.əm/ 1. A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Ge) with an atomic number of 32: a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: This equipment, which includes transformers, germanium rectifiers and smoothing apparatus, has been designed to allow the existing electric multiple-unit traction motors to operate on rectified alternating current. Example: The isolated disordered regions and the amorphous layer have widely different anneal behavior. In the case of germanium and silicon, the isolated disordered regions anneal at moderate temperatures of approximately 200° and 300° C, respectively. The amorphous layers also anneal in a characteristic fashion, but at appreciably higher temperatures, i.e., at approximately 600° C in silicon and 400° C in germanium. 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: arsenic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥h₃enyomder. Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰr̥Hanyam Proto-Iranian *jr̥Hanyam Old Median *zaranyam Old Median *kā Old Median *zaraniyakāder. Middle Persian *zarnīkbor. Classical Syriac ܙܪܢܝܟܐ (zarnīḵā)der. Arabic الزَرْنِيخ (az-zarnīḵ)bor. Byzantine Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón)der. Latin arsenicumder. Middle French arsenicbor. Middle English arsenik English arsenic From Middle English arsenik, borrowed from Middle French arsenic, from Latin arsenicum, from Ancient Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón, “yellow arsenic”) (influenced by ἀρσενικός (arsenikós, “potent, virile”)), from Semitic (compare Classical Syriac ܙܪܢܝܟܐ (zarnīḵā), Aramaic 𐡆𐡓𐡍𐡉𐡊𐡀 (zrnykʾ /⁠zarnīḵā⁠/)), from Middle Iranian *zarnīk (compare Persian زرنیخ (zirnīx /zernix, zarnīx /zarnix, “arsenic”), زرنی (zurnī /zorni), Bakhtiari زرنیق (zarniq)), from Old Median *zaraniyakā (compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (zaraniia, “golden”), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎡𐎹 (d-r-n-i-y /⁠daraniya-⁠⁠⁠/, “gold”), Sanskrit हिरण्य (híraṇya, “gold”), Persian زر (zar, “gold”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-. More at yellow. Pronunciation: /ˈɑː(ɹ).sə.nɪk/, /ˈɑɹsənɪk/ 1. A toxic grey brittle nonmetallic chemical element (symbol As) with an atomic number of 33. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The mining industry also had a hand in two other rollbacks. One was a decision to withdraw a Clinton rule that reduced by 80 percent the permissible standard for arsenic in drinking water. Example: CSPI says the Trump Administration could take steps to protect consumers from each of these chemicals and support FDA’s broader post-market assessment efforts. It could ensure that FDA sets health-protective limits on heavy metals, like lead, arsenic, and cadmium, in foods consumed by children. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable 3. Arsenic trioxide. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: arsenic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥h₃enyomder. Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰr̥Hanyam Proto-Iranian *jr̥Hanyam Old Median *zaranyam Old Median *kā Old Median *zaraniyakāder. Middle Persian *zarnīkbor. Classical Syriac ܙܪܢܝܟܐ (zarnīḵā)der. Arabic الزَرْنِيخ (az-zarnīḵ)bor. Byzantine Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón)der. Latin arsenicumder. Middle French arsenicbor. Middle English arsenik English arsenic From Middle English arsenik, borrowed from Middle French arsenic, from Latin arsenicum, from Ancient Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón, “yellow arsenic”) (influenced by ἀρσενικός (arsenikós, “potent, virile”)), from Semitic (compare Classical Syriac ܙܪܢܝܟܐ (zarnīḵā), Aramaic 𐡆𐡓𐡍𐡉𐡊𐡀 (zrnykʾ /⁠zarnīḵā⁠/)), from Middle Iranian *zarnīk (compare Persian زرنیخ (zirnīx /zernix, zarnīx /zarnix, “arsenic”), زرنی (zurnī /zorni), Bakhtiari زرنیق (zarniq)), from Old Median *zaraniyakā (compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (zaraniia, “golden”), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎡𐎹 (d-r-n-i-y /⁠daraniya-⁠⁠⁠/, “gold”), Sanskrit हिरण्य (híraṇya, “gold”), Persian زر (zar, “gold”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-. More at yellow. Pronunciation: /ɑː(ɹ)ˈsɛnɪk/, /ɑɹˈsɛnɪk/ 1. Of or containing arsenic with a valence of 5. Labels: not-comparable
Word: selenium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French sélénium, the name coined by Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1818 from Ancient Greek σελήνη (selḗnē, “moon”) in reference to original confusion with the similar element tellurium. Pronunciation: /sɪˈliːni.əm/, /səˈliːni.əm/ 1. A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Se) with an atomic number of 34, used mainly in glassmaking and pigments and as a semiconductor. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Pluck almost any cell from your body and it will have a million or more selenium atoms in it. 2. An atom of this element. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: bromine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek βρῶμος (brômos) French bromebor. English brome Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnusder. Old French -inbor. Middle English -in English -ine English bromine From obsolete English brome + -ine, this word being from French brome, from Ancient Greek βρῶμος (brômos, “stink”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɹəʊmiːn, -mɪn, -maɪn/, /ˈbɹoʊmin/ 1. A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens, it is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature. Labels: uncountable 2. A bromine atom. Labels: countable
Word: krypton Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós, “hidden”) + -on, used for all noble gases. Pronunciation: /ˈkɹɪptɒn/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Kr) with an atomic number of 36. It is a colourless, odourless noble gas that only reacts with fluorine. It is one of the rarest gases in the Earth's atmosphere. Labels: uncountable 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: rubidium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A New Latin word derived by German chemist R. W. Bunsen in 1861, from Latin rūbidus (“red”) because its spectrum has two red lines. Pronunciation: /ˌɹuːˈbɪd.i.əm/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Rb) with an atomic number of 37. It is a soft, highly reactive alkali metal. Labels: uncountable 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: strontium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1808, after the earlier term strontianite, for the name of the Scottish town Strontian. Pronunciation: /ˈstɹɒn.ti.əm/, /ˈstrɒn.ʃi.əm/ 1. The metallic chemical element (symbol Sr) with an atomic number of 38. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, usually
Word: yttrium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ytterby + -ium, named after Ytterby, Sweden, the same etymological source as terbium, erbium, and ytterbium. Pronunciation: /ˈɪtɹiːəm/, /ˈjɪtɹiːəm/ 1. A silvery metallic chemical element with an atomic number of 39, mainly found in combination with lanthanide elements in rare earth minerals. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: zirconium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From a New Latin coinage, from zircon. Doublet of jargonium. Pronunciation: /zɜːɹˈkoʊniəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Zr) with an atomic number of 40, a strong, lustrous, grey-white transition metal mainly used as a refractory and opacifier. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Do you like how I dance? / I've got zirconium pants / Consequential enough / To slip you into a trance
Word: niobium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Niobe + -ium, because of the element's affinity with tantalum, named after Niobe's father Tantalus. Pronunciation: /naɪˈoʊbiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Nb) with an atomic number of 41: a light grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal used in superconducting materials. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: One should use hypoallergenic jewelry made of surgical grade stainless steel, titanium, 14- or 18-karat gold, or niobium, especially for initial piercings. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: molybdenum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin molybdaenum, from molybdaena (“any of various substances resembling lead”), from Ancient Greek μολύβδαινα (molúbdaina, “a plummet, piece of lead”), from μόλυβδος (mólubdos, “lead; graphite”), from an Anatolian word cognate with Lydian 𐤪𐤠𐤭𐤦𐤥𐤣𐤠 (mariwda, “dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *morkʷ-iyo-, from a root *morkʷ- (“dark”), cognate with English murk. Cf. Latin plumbum nigrum 'lead'. The suffix is + -um (“a chemical element”). Attested since the last quarter of 18th century. Pronunciation: /məˈlɪbdɪnəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Mo) with an atomic number of 42: a silvery metal, not found as a free element, used in steel alloys. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The metals at preſent amount to 21 ; only 11 of which were known before the year 1730. Their names are gold, ſilver, platinum, mercury, copper, iron, tin, lead, zinc, antimony, biſmuth, arſenic, cobalt, nickel, manganeſe, tungſten, molybdenum, uranium, tellurium, titanium, chromum. Example: Technical terms like ferrite, perlite, graphite, and hardenite were bandied to and fro, and when Paget glibly brought out such a rare exotic as ferro-molybdenum, Benson forgot that he was a master ship-builder, […] 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: a quadruple bond between molybdenums Example: Thus in M₄O₁₁, for example, ¾ of the molybdenums are octahedrally connected and ¼ are tetrahedrally coordinated and, furthermore, the formula is compatible with the existence of one Mo(IV) for every three Mo(VI), so at first glance the compound might appear to be a class I mixed valence system.
Word: technetium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek τεχνητός (tekhnētós, “artificial, manmade”) + -ium, because it was the first manmade element synthesized. Pronunciation: /tɛkˈni.ʃi.əm/, /-ʃəm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Tc) with an atomic number of 43. Labels: uncountable
Word: ruthenium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Ruthenia + -ium. Named by Baltic German scientist Karl Ernst Claus in 1844 in honour of Russia (using the Latin name Ruthenia). Pronunciation: /ɹuːˈθiːniəm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Ru) with an atomic number of 44. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Their latest catalyst includes some ruthenium. 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable Example: This reaction substitutes a ruthenium for an osmium.
Word: rhodium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin rhodium, from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”), because of the colour of its salts' solutions. Pronunciation: /ˈɹoʊdiəm/ 1. A rare, hard, silvery-white, inert metallic chemical element (symbol Rh) with an atomic number of 45. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, usually
Word: palladium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The sense of "safeguard" comes from Latin Palladium (the image of Pallas that protected Troy), from Ancient Greek Παλλάδιον (Palládion), from Παλλάς (Pallás), an epithet used before Athena. Pronunciation: /pəˈleɪdiəm/ 1. A safeguard. Example: The trial by jury is the Palladium of our civil rights. Example: [H]ow unspeakably ominous to dim Royalist participators; for whom Royalism was Mankind's palladium[.]
Word: palladium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The element was named after Pallas, an asteroid that had been discovered two years before the element. Pronunciation: /pəˈleɪdiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Pd) with an atomic number of 46: a rare, lustrous silvery-white metal. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: cadmium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1817, from Ancient Greek Καδμεία (Kadmeía, “calamine”), a cadmium-bearing mixture of minerals, which was named after the king Κάδμος (Kádmos, “Cadmus”). Pronunciation: /ˈkædmiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Cd) with an atomic number of 48: a soft, silvery-white metal. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: CSPI says the Trump Administration could take steps to protect consumers from each of these chemicals and support FDA’s broader post-market assessment efforts. It could ensure that FDA sets health-protective limits on heavy metals, like lead, arsenic, and cadmium, in foods consumed by children. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: indium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined as a New Latin term from German Indigo (“indigo”), based on the color of its spectral lines. Pronunciation: /ˈɪndi.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol In) with an atomic number of 49: a soft silvery-white metal. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: antimony Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Medieval Latin antimonium, attested in the 11th century; see also the Wikipedia section. Pronunciation: /ˈæn.tɪ.mə.ni/, /ˈæn.tɪˌmoʊ.ni/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Sb, from Latin stibium) with an atomic number of 51: in its stable allotrope, a lustrous gray and very brittle metal. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Deep in the Salmon River Mountains, an Idaho mining company, Perpetua Resources, is proposing a vast open-pit gold mine that would also produce 115 million pounds of antimony — an element that may be critical to manufacturing the high-capacity liquid-metal batteries of the future. 2. The alloy stibnite. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In quality synergistic additives in a composition use oxide antimonies.
Word: tellurium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Latin tellūs (“earth”) + -ium Pronunciation: /tɪˈljʊəɹiəm/ 1. The chemical element with atomic number 52. Symbol: Te. A rare, brittle, mildly toxic, silver-white metalloid. Labels: uncountable 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: tellurium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Latin tellus (“earth”). Pronunciation: /tɪˈljʊəɹiəm/ 1. Alternative form of tellurion. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: iodine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French iode + -ine, from Ancient Greek ἰοειδής (ioeidḗs, “violet”). Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1814. Pronunciation: /ˈaɪ.əˌdaɪn, -dɪn, -diːn/ 1. A chemical element (symbol: I) with an atomic number of 53; one of the halogens. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. An antiseptic incorporating the element. Labels: uncountable, usually 3. An iodide. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable, usually
Word: iodine Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From French iode + -ine, from Ancient Greek ἰοειδής (ioeidḗs, “violet”). Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1814. Pronunciation: /ˈaɪ.əˌdaɪn, -dɪn, -diːn/ 1. to treat with iodine. Labels: transitive
Word: xenon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek ξένος (xénos, “foreign, strange”) + -on, used for all noble gases. Pronunciation: /ˈziːnɒn/, /ˈzinɑn/, /ˈzinən/, /ˈzɛnɑn/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Xe) with an atomic number of 54. It is a colorless, odorless, unreactive noble gas, used notably in camera flash technology. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: caesium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin caesius (“sky-blue”), in reference to the radiation spectra, + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈsiːzi.əm/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal. Labels: uncountable
Word: barium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1808, from baryta + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈbɛəɹɪəm/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Ba) with an atomic number of 56. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, usually 3. Barium sulphate suspension. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: lanthanum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek λανθάνω (lanthánō, “to escape notice”) + -um (“a chemical element”), because it had gone long undetected in mineral ores. Pronunciation: /ˈlænθənəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol La) with an atomic number of 57: a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly when exposed to air. Labels: uncountable 2. An atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: cerium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ceres (“a famous asteroid”) + -ium. The element was discovered and named in 1803. It was named after the asteroid, which had been discovered recently (1801) and had been named after Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture. This was during an era when asteroids were culturally exciting things that humans were just beginning to understand properly in astronomical terms, and the era also featured a fascination with neoclassical themes and thus naming things after icons of ancient Greek and Roman mythology and literature. Pronunciation: /ˈsɪəɹiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Ce) with an atomic number of 58, a very soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Despite their name, rare earths are not so rare. The most common, cerium, is as plentiful in the Earth's crust as copper or lead. The difference between them and more familiar materials is that, in nature, rare earths are almost never found on their own. Rather, they're mixed with other minerals, and often at low concentrations, making them difficult to mine economically.
Word: praseodymium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek πράσιος (prásios, “leek-green”) + didymium. Pronunciation: /ˌpɹeɪzioʊˈdɪmiəm/, /ˌpreɪziːəˈdɪmiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Pr) with an atomic number of 59, a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile rare earth metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: But the government also gave MP Materials a decade-long guaranteed price floor for its products, such as the rare earths neodymium-praseodymium, at twice recent market rates (leaving aside the fact prices have soared this week as MP Materials has cut ties with China).
Word: neodymium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From neo- + (di)dymium. Pronunciation: /nɪə(ʊ)ˈdɪmɪəm/, /ˌniː.oʊˈdɪmiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Nd) with an atomic number of 60: a hard, slightly malleable silvery rare earth metal that quickly tarnishes in air and moisture. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Other rare elements, like neodymium, exist in more than one isotopic form, the ratios of which can provide a measure of the depth from which the flow material may ultimately have been derived. Example: The most important application of dysprosium and terbium, which belong to a subgroup known as the heavy rare earths, is in devices called neodymium boron magnets, or neo magnets for short. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: promethium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: 1945. From the name of the Greek god Prometheus, who stole the fire from Mount Olympus and brought it down to mankind + -ium. Pronunciation: /pɹoʊˈmiːθiəm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Pm) with an atomic number of 61. Labels: uncountable
Word: samarium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: After samarskite, in turn honoring Vasili Samarsky-Bykhovets. Pronunciation: /səˈmɛə.ɹi.əm/, /səˈmɛɹ.i.əm/, /səˈmæɹiəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Sm) with an atomic number of 62, a moderately hard silvery metal that slowly oxidizes in air. Applications in human affairs include magnets with high performance at high temperatures, which are important in military equipment. Labels: uncountable
Word: europium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French europium, from Europe + -ium. Pronunciation: /jʊˈɹəʊ.pɪ.əm/, /jəˈɹəʊ.pɪ.əm/, /juˈɹoʊ.pi.əm/, /jɚˈoʊ.pi.əm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Eu) with an atomic number of 63. Labels: uncountable
Word: gadolinium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Named after chemist Johan Gadolin, a Swedish-speaking Finn, + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˌɡæd.əˈlɪn.i.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Gd) with atomic number 64: a ductile silvery-white metal. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: terbium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ytterby + -ium, named after Ytterby, Sweden, the same etymological source as yttrium, erbium, and ytterbium. Pronunciation: /ˈtɝ.bi.əm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Tb) with an atomic number of 65: a soft, silvery-white, rare earth metal that is malleable and ductile. Labels: uncountable Example: Myanmar is the world's third-largest source of rare earths after China and the US, and last year it accounted for almost half of the global mining of two especially important elements: dysprosium and terbium, which are essential for electric vehicles, wind turbines and certain military gear. […] The most important application of dysprosium and terbium, which belong to a subgroup known as the heavy rare earths, is in devices called neodymium boron magnets, or neo magnets for short. In small quantities, dysprosium and terbium allow neo magnets to operate at far higher temperatures than they otherwise could. Thus improved, they're key components in the drivetrains of EVs; the stronger the magnets, the more efficient an electric motor can be. They can also enhance the rotation of wind turbines and are used in the precision targeting systems of missiles.
Word: dysprosium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek δυσπρόσιτος (dusprósitos, “hard to get”) + -ium. Compare also unobtainium. Pronunciation: /dɪsˈpɹoʊ.zi.əm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Dy) with atomic number 66: a rare earth element with a metallic silver lustre. Applications in human affairs include magnets with high performance, which are important in various machines with electric motors. Labels: uncountable Example: Caught in the middle of the U.S.-China trade war is a Chiclet-size magnet that is vital to every new electric vehicle on the road. The magnet is made with dysprosium. Atomic number 66. A rare-earth mineral with a silver metallic luster. More than 90% of refined dysprosium comes from China, and it is used in magnets that power everything from medical equipment to EV motors. In its retaliation against U.S. tariffs, China slowed exports of several rare-earth minerals and magnets this month, setting off a panic among U.S. automakers. “You cannot build the motor without the magnet,” said a senior automotive executive. “If we want electric-vehicle production to continue to happen in the United States, this has to be solved.” Example: Myanmar is the world's third-largest source of rare earths after China and the US, and last year it accounted for almost half of the global mining of two especially important elements: dysprosium and terbium, which are essential for electric vehicles, wind turbines and certain military gear. […] The most important application of dysprosium and terbium, which belong to a subgroup known as the heavy rare earths, is in devices called neodymium boron magnets, or neo magnets for short. In small quantities, dysprosium and terbium allow neo magnets to operate at far higher temperatures than they otherwise could. Thus improved, they're key components in the drivetrains of EVs; the stronger the magnets, the more efficient an electric motor can be. They can also enhance the rotation of wind turbines and are used in the precision targeting systems of missiles.
Word: holmium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin Holmia (“Stockholm”), the hometown of Per Teodor Cleve, one of the discoverers of holmium. Pronunciation: /ˈhoʊ(l).mi.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Ho) with atomic number 67: a soft and malleable silvery-white metal, too reactive to be found uncombined in nature. Labels: uncountable, usually 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, usually
Word: erbium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin erbium; itself from Swedish Ytterby (the name of the town where the element was discovered) + -ium. Coined by Swedish chemist and mineralogist Carl Gustaf Mosander in 1843. Doublet of terbium, ytterbium, and yttrium. Pronunciation: /ˈɜː.bɪ.əm/, /ˈɝ.bi.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Er) with atomic number 68: a silvery-white metal, in nature always found in combination with other elements. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: thulium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English Thule Proto-Indo-European *-om Proto-Italic *-om Latin -umder. English -ium English thulium From Thule (a poetic name for Scandinavia) + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈθjuːliəm/, /ˈθuːliəm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Tm) with atomic number 69: a fairly soft, easily workable metal with a bright silvery-gray lustre. Labels: uncountable
Word: ytterbium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ytterby + -ium, named after Ytterby, Sweden, the same etymological source as yttrium, terbium, and erbium. Pronunciation: /ɪˈtɜː.bi.əm/, /ɪˈtɚ.bi.əm/, /ˈjə.tɚ.bi.əm/, /ˈjɪ.tɚ.bi.əm/, /jəˈtɚ.bi.əm/ 1. A metallic chemical element with an atomic number of 70. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: At a meeting of the Russian Chemical Society held October 20, 1881 (and reported in the Bulletin de la Société Chimique de Paris, for August, 1882), Mendelejeff [Dmitri Mendeleev], the distinguished author of the periodic law, remarked that only two of the recently announced elements—scandium and ytterbium—had been satisfactorily confirmed. These have been obtained in a pure state by [Lars Fredrik] Nilson, and neither of them has absorption spectra. Example: The lanthanides samarium, europium and ytterbium possess relatively stable and long-known dispositive states. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: lutetium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin Lutetia (“Paris, the capital of France”) + -ium. Pronunciation: /ljuːˈtiːʃiəm/ 1. The chemical element with atomic number 71, a silvery-white metal which resists corrosion in dry air. Labels: uncountable
Word: hafnium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin Hafnia (“Copenhagen”) + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈhæfniəm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Hf) with an atomic number of 72: a lustrous, silvery-grey tetravalent transition metal. Labels: uncountable
Word: tantalum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A New Latin word derived by Swedish chemist Anders Gustaf Ekeberg in 1802, from Latin Tantalus, named after Tantalus, alluding to the element's incapacity to absorb acid. See -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈtæntələm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Ta) with atomic number 73: a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: tungsten Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Swedish tungsten (“scheelite”), from tung (“heavy”) + sten (“stone”). Pronunciation: /ˈtʌŋstən/ 1. A rare metallic chemical element (symbol W, from Latin wolframium) with an atomic number of 74. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He then explained that tungsten has the highest melting point, and the highest boiling point, of all known elements. Example: So far they have built and used a prototype robot to make millionth-of-a-meter scratches in aluminum with a fine tungsten needle. 2. Any of various commercially available alloys principally of tungsten. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: There was a bar of tungsten on the bench, and they were invited to feel how heavy it was. 3. A light bulb containing tungsten. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We have several business houses where tungstens are used as window lights only, and find that in nearly every one the wiring was arranged to get more light, leaving the consumption about the same. Example: Lighting was unimaginative for the standard stock with naked tungsten filament bulbs and metal reflectors. However, all compartments had individual reading lights above the seats with attractive glass shades. 4. scheelite, calcium tungstate Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: We apprehend that this is not the acid of a calx ponderoſa, but rather a diſtinct acid conjoined to common calcareous earth, ſince, in fact, in another place, § 97, the tungſten is mentioned as a calx ſaturated with a peculiar acid, perhaps of a metallic nature, for which the author himſelf refers us to the above § 33, and ſeems to think it the ſame as the acid there mentioned.
Word: rhenium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin Rhenus (“Rhine”), + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːniəm/ 1. A metallic chemical element with the atomic number 75: a heavy, silvery-gray transition metal. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Before the discovery and confirmation of the existence of rhenium predicted by Mendeleev's periodic law, rhenium was provisionally termed dvi-manganese because of its expected resemblance to manganese. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: osmium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ, “smell”) (because of the strong smell of its oxide) + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈɒz.mi.əm/, /ˈɑz.mi.əm/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Os) with atomic number 76: a hard, brittle, heavy, bluish-white transition metal found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Their latest catalyst includes some osmium. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable Example: This reaction substitutes a ruthenium for an osmium.
Word: iridium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From international scientific vocabulary, from New Latin iridium, from Classical Latin iris + -ium, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”), because of the bright colour of many of the element's salts. Pronunciation: /ɪˈɹɪd.i.əm/ 1. A chemical element with an atomic number of 77: a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group. Labels: uncountable Example: Iridium is extremely rare on the surface of the earth but much more common in meteorites. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: platinum Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- Proto-Indo-European *-us Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us Proto-Hellenic *plətús Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús)bor. Vulgar Latin *plattusder. Spanish plata Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnus Spanish -ina Spanish platina English -um English platinum From Spanish platina (“little silver”) del Pinto ("of the Pinto") + -um. It was called "little" (or "lesser") silver because the metal was found as an impurity in gold, and del Pinto for the Pinto River in Grand Columbia where Europeans discovered it being mined by Native Americans. Doublet of platina. Pronunciation: /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/, /ˈplæt.nəm/, /ˈplæt.n̩.əm/, /pləˈtaɪn.əm/, /pləˈtiːn.əm/ 1. The chemical element with atomic number 78 and symbol Pt; a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, silverish-white transition metal of great value. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A whitish grey colour, like that of the metal. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. A single or album that has achieved platinum sales, i.e. over 1 million or 2 million. Labels: countable 4. A platinum-based drug: a platin. Labels: countable, ellipsis, sometimes
Word: platinum Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- Proto-Indo-European *-us Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us Proto-Hellenic *plətús Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús)bor. Vulgar Latin *plattusder. Spanish plata Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnus Spanish -ina Spanish platina English -um English platinum From Spanish platina (“little silver”) del Pinto ("of the Pinto") + -um. It was called "little" (or "lesser") silver because the metal was found as an impurity in gold, and del Pinto for the Pinto River in Grand Columbia where Europeans discovered it being mined by Native Americans. Doublet of platina. Pronunciation: /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/, /ˈplæt.nəm/, /ˈplæt.n̩.əm/, /pləˈtaɪn.əm/, /pləˈtiːn.əm/ 1. Of a whitish grey colour, like that of the metal. Labels: not-comparable 2. Of a musical recording that has sold over one million copies (for singles), or two million (for albums). Labels: not-comparable 3. Very expensive, or of very high quality. Labels: figuratively, not-comparable Example: We can offer the platinum service for fifty dollars extra.
Word: platinum Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- Proto-Indo-European *-us Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us Proto-Hellenic *plətús Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús)bor. Vulgar Latin *plattusder. Spanish plata Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnus Spanish -ina Spanish platina English -um English platinum From Spanish platina (“little silver”) del Pinto ("of the Pinto") + -um. It was called "little" (or "lesser") silver because the metal was found as an impurity in gold, and del Pinto for the Pinto River in Grand Columbia where Europeans discovered it being mined by Native Americans. Doublet of platina. Pronunciation: /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/, /ˈplæt.nəm/, /ˈplæt.n̩.əm/, /pləˈtaɪn.əm/, /pləˈtiːn.əm/ 1. To attain all of the achievements in a game (originally on certain PlayStation consoles, now colloquially used regardless of platform). Example: I platinumed in Clash of Clans yesterday.
Word: fe Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of pe (“Semitic letter”). Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: fe Part of Speech: adv 1. Alternative form of f.e. Labels: alt-of, alternative, not-comparable
Word: thallium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined based on Ancient Greek θαλλός (thallós, “green branch”) (after the color of the radiation spectra), + -ium. Pronunciation: /ˈθæliəm/ 1. A metallic chemical element (symbol Tl) with atomic number 81: a gray post-transition metal that discolors when exposed to air. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Environmental authorities in Lüeyang County, Shaanxi province, discovered excessive levels of thallium in two of the Jialing River’s upstream tributaries on Jan. 20, according to a statement Monday. The concentration of thallium that day was 170% higher than the standard for Qingni River, one of the upstream tributaries bordering Gansu province. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: bismuth Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From German Wismuth, from Middle High German wismāt, from Latin bisemūtum, from Arabic بِسِيمُوتِيُّون (bisīmūtiyyūn), from Ancient Greek ψιμύθιον (psimúthion, “white lead”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɪz.məθ/ 1. A chemical element (symbol Bi) with an atomic number of 83: a brittle silvery-white metal. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable
Word: polonium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin polonium, from Medieval Latin Polonia (“Poland”), named after Marie Curie's homeland. Pronunciation: /pəˈləʊ.nɪ.əm/, /pəˈloʊ.ni.əm/ 1. A rare, highly radioactive chemical element (symbol Po) with atomic number 84. Labels: uncountable, usually
Word: radon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin radiusder. French radio- Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti Proto-Italic *agō Latin agō Proto-Indo-European *-wós Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder. Latin -īvus ▲ Ancient Greek ἐνεργητῐκός (energētĭkós)sl. Latin āctīvusbor. Old French actif French actif French radio(actif) Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ium French radiumbor. English radiumder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin exder. Latin ē Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-no-der. Latin mānō Proto-Italic *-āzi ▲ Latin -ereinflu. Latin -āre Latin mānāre Latin ēmānārebor. English emanate Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ion English emanationder. English radium emanationder. English radon Contraction of radium emanation, since the element appears in the radioactive decay of radium. By surface analysis, radio- + -on (“suffix for noble gases”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹeɪdɒn/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Rn, formerly Ro) with atomic number 86. It is an odorless, colorless, chemically inert but radioactive noble gas. Labels: uncountable 2. Radon-222 (22286Rn), the most stable isotope of said element. Labels: uncountable
Word: francium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French francium, from France + -ium (after the native country of Marguerite Perey). Pronunciation: /ˈfɹansɪəm/, /ˈfɹɑːnsɪəm/, /ˈfɹænsi.əm/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Fr) with an atomic number of 87. It is an intensely radioactive alkali metal that is not found in nature. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: The most elusive element of all, however, appears to be francium, which is so rare that it is thought that our entire planet may contain, at any given moment, fewer than twenty francium atoms. 2. A single atom of this element. Labels: countable, usually Example: Notice that franciums are balanced without even thinking in moles, atoms, or whatever. Example: (a) Radons and poloniums are compared, (b) poloniums and astatines are compared and (c) radons and franciums are compared.
Word: radium Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Latin radiusder. French radio- Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti Proto-Italic *agō Latin agō Proto-Indo-European *-wós Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder. Latin -īvus ▲ Ancient Greek ἐνεργητῐκός (energētĭkós)sl. Latin āctīvusbor. Old French actif French actif French radio(actif) Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ium French radiumbor. English radium Borrowed from French radium, from rad(ioactif) (“radioactive”) + -ium (suffix used to form the names of metallic elements). Pronunciation: /ˈɹeɪ.dɪ.əm/, /ˈɹeɪ.di.əm/ 1. The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Madame [Marie] Curie, working with her distinguished husband, isolated and first traced to its true origin the source of the marvellous power which has thus commenced to revolutionise our philosophy of physics. This new element has appropriately been named "Radium;" but it has also been shown that there are many other, though less powerful, radio-active elements, details of which are recorded in the sequel. To be precise, radium, per se, has not yet been isolated as a metal, but only in the form of salts,—chlorides and bromides. [...] It is supposed that the molecules of radium (composed of similar atoms) during their decomposition into those of the gas helium, are also frittered down into heat and, in part, are liberated as radio-activity. Example: The persistence of radio-activity on glass vessels which have contained radium is remarkable. Filters, beakers, and dishes used in the laboratory for operations with radium, after having been washed in the usual way, remain radio-active: a piece of blende screen held inside the beaker or other vessel immediately glowing with the presence of radium. 2. A type of cloth woven from silk or synthetic yarn, often with a shiny appearance. Labels: countable, dated, uncountable Example: City retailers are doing well with high-class radiums printed in bright greens, brilliant purples and strong yellows. Such are the high novelties. Example: In printed silks for outer garments and linings there are crêpe de chines, silk and cotton crêpes, georgettes, radiums and mousselines de soie. [...] [O]n radiums; Japanese print designs, silhouetted with parasols or flowers and shrubs, treated in Japanese style, on dark grounds, are employed. There are also a number of futuristic figures printed on radiums.