nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: baron Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English baroun, from Old French baron, from Latin barōnem, from Proto-West Germanic *barō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”). Cognate with Old High German *baro (“human being, man, freeman”), Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”), and perhaps to Old English beorn (“man, warrior”). Used in early Germanic law in the sense of "man, human being". A Celtic origin has also been suggested; see the quote under sense 3 of Latin barō. However, the OED takes the hypothetical Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”) to be a figment. Pronunciation: /ˈbæɹən/, /ˈbaɹən/, /ˈbaɾən/, /ˈbɛɹən/ 1. The male ruler of a barony. 2. A male member of the lowest rank of English nobility (the equivalent rank in Scotland is lord). 3. A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics. Labels: broadly Example: railroad baron Example: tech baron 4. A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco. Labels: UK, slang Example: The first thing a baron does is to accumulate a supply of tobacco. He spends every penny he can earn on laying it in […] Example: Nevertheless, from my own agonies of the first few months, after which I did not miss smoking at all, I could appreciate the need of others. It was in this atmosphere of craving that the 'barons' thrived. Barons are prisoners who lend tobacco. 5. A baron of beef, a cut made up of a double sirloin. Example: Such portentous appetites had Queequeg and Tashtego, that to fill out the vacancies made by the previous repast, often the pale Dough-Boy was fain to bring on a great baron of salt-junk, seemingly quarried out of the solid ox. 6. Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Euthalia. 7. A husband. Labels: obsolete Example: baron and femme
Word: baroness Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English baronesse; equivalent to baron + -ess. Pronunciation: /ˌbæ.ɹəˈnɛs/ 1. The wife of a baron. 2. A woman holding a baronial title in her own right; a female ruler of a barony.
Word: barony Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English baronie, baronye, from Old French baronie, equivalent to baron + -y. Pronunciation: /ˈbæ.ɹə.ni/ 1. The domain of a baron or baroness, usually as part of a larger kingdom or empire. Labels: Ireland, historical Example: In Ireland... an head constable for each barony or hundred, being 252. Example: The Baronies appear to have been formed successively on the submission of the Irish chiefs... the territory of each constituting a barony. 2. The domain of a baron or baroness, usually as part of a larger kingdom or empire. Labels: Scotland 3. The baronage: the body of barons in a realm. Labels: obsolete 4. Baronship, the rank or position of a baron. 5. The legal tenure of a baron's land; military tenure.
Word: duke Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French duc, through Middle English duk, duke, from Latin dux, ducis. Displaced native Old English heretoga. Was present as duc in late Old English, from the same Latin source. Doublet of doge, duc, duce, and dux. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-, which is also the source of the second component in German Herzog. The “fist” sense is thought to be Cockney rhyming slang where “Duke(s) of York” = fork. Fork is itself Cockney slang for hand, and thus fist. Pronunciation: /dʒuːk/, /djuːk/, /duːk/ 1. The male ruler of a duchy (female equivalent: duchess). 2. The sovereign of a small state. 3. A high title of nobility; the male holder of a dukedom. 4. A grand duke. 5. Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the Asian genera Bassarona and Dophla. 6. A fist. Labels: plural-normally, slang Example: Put up your dukes! Example: “Your friend sure knows how to use his dukes. Biff, bang! One, two, and the copʼs on his ass!”
Word: duke Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French duc, through Middle English duk, duke, from Latin dux, ducis. Displaced native Old English heretoga. Was present as duc in late Old English, from the same Latin source. Doublet of doge, duc, duce, and dux. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-, which is also the source of the second component in German Herzog. The “fist” sense is thought to be Cockney rhyming slang where “Duke(s) of York” = fork. Fork is itself Cockney slang for hand, and thus fist. Pronunciation: /dʒuːk/, /djuːk/, /duːk/ 1. To hit or beat with the fists. Labels: informal, transitive Example: It seems that PI Rainer was duked by his wife […]. 2. To give cash to; to give a tip to. Labels: slang, transitive Example: I duked him twenty dollars. 3. To perform the duties of, or rule over as, a duke.
Word: duchess Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English duchesse, from Old French duchesse. Doublet of duchesse. Pronunciation: /ˈdʌt͡ʃɪs/, /ˈdʌt͡ʃəs/ 1. The wife or widow of a duke. Example: The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have ended months of intense speculation by announcing they are expecting their first child, but were forced to share their news earlier than hoped because of the Duchess's admission to hospital on Monday. 2. The female ruler of a duchy.
Word: duchess Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English duchesse, from Old French duchesse. Doublet of duchesse. Pronunciation: /ˈdʌt͡ʃɪs/, /ˈdʌt͡ʃəs/ 1. to court or curry favour for political or business advantage; to flatter obsequiously. Labels: Australia, informal Example: On arrival in England he was “duchessed” in a manner that no Australian Prime Minister has ever been “duchessed” before or since. Northcliffe was looking for someone around whom he could build a campaign against Asquith. Hughes filled the bill nicely. Example: ‘A word to the wise, Murray. Those wogs you′ve been duchessing at Ethnic Affairs have got nothing on the culture vultures. Tear the flesh right off your bones, they will.’
Word: duchy Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English duche, from Anglo-Norman duché, from Old French duc, or from Medieval Latin ducātus, from Latin dux. Doublet of ducat. Pronunciation: /ˈdʌt͡ʃi/ 1. A dominion or region ruled by a duke or duchess.
Word: countess Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Anglo-Norman cuntesse, Old French contesse, from Latin comitissa; equivalent to count + -ess. Doublet of contessa. Pronunciation: /ˈkaʊntɪs/ 1. The wife of a count or earl. 2. A woman holding the rank of count or earl in her own right; a female holder of an earldom. Example: Elizabeth Millicent Leveson-Gower is 24th Countess of Sutherland; her son will be the 25th Earl.
Word: county Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English countee, counte, conte, from Anglo-Norman counté, Old French conté (French comté), from Latin comitātus (“jurisdiction of a count”), from comes (“count, earl”). Cognate with Spanish condado (“county”) and Italian contea (“county”). Doublet of comitatus, borrowed directly from Latin. Mostly displaced native Old English sċīr, whence Modern English shire. Pronunciation: /ˈkaʊnti/, /ˈkuːntɪ/, /ˈkaʊn(t)i/, [ˈkʰaʊ̯nti], [ˈkʰaʊ̯ɾ̃i] 1. The land ruled by a count or a countess. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable Example: The first of the principalities of the Low Countries to take clear shape was the county of Flanders. 2. An administrative or geographical region of various countries, including Bhutan, Canada, China, Croatia, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Romania, South Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and 47 of the 50 United States (excluding Alaska, Connecticut, and Louisiana). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Entire states such as California, Illinois and New York are now sanctuaries, as well as major cities and counties such as Fairfax, Montgomery and Prince George’s counties and the District of Columbia in the capital region, according to the list. […] FAIR says the county is a sanctuary because it tells police not to ask about immigration status even during an arrest. 3. A definitive geographic region, without direct administrative functions. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: traditional county 4. A jail operated by a county government. Labels: US, slang, uncountable Example: He can't come; he's up in the county for agg assault. Example: Okay gentlemen, you've both been to county before, I'm sure. Here it comes.
Word: county Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English countee, counte, conte, from Anglo-Norman counté, Old French conté (French comté), from Latin comitātus (“jurisdiction of a count”), from comes (“count, earl”). Cognate with Spanish condado (“county”) and Italian contea (“county”). Doublet of comitatus, borrowed directly from Latin. Mostly displaced native Old English sċīr, whence Modern English shire. Pronunciation: /ˈkaʊnti/, /ˈkuːntɪ/, /ˈkaʊn(t)i/, [ˈkʰaʊ̯nti], [ˈkʰaʊ̯ɾ̃i] 1. Characteristic of a ‘county family’; representative of the gentry or aristocracy of a county. Example: Now, in the district around Chipping Carby, the County Families are very County indeed, few more so. Example: She was a tall girl and county, with Hilary's walk: she seemed to topple even when she sat.
Word: state Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-tu-s ~ *sth₂-téw-s Proto-Italic *status Latin statuslbor. Old French estatbor. Middle English stat English state From Middle English stat (as a noun); adopted c. 1200 from both Old French estat and Latin stātus (“manner of standing, attitude, position, carriage, manner, dress, apparel; and other senses”), from stāre (“to stand”). Doublet of estate and status. The sense of "polity" develops in the 14th century. Compare French être, Greek στέω (stéo), Italian stare, Portuguese estar, Romanian sta, and Spanish estar. The verb is first attested around the beginning of the 16th century. Related to English stand. Pronunciation: /steɪt/ 1. To declare to be a fact. Labels: transitive Example: He stated that he was willing to help. Example: Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed. 2. To make known. Labels: transitive Example: State your intentions.
Word: state Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-tu-s ~ *sth₂-téw-s Proto-Italic *status Latin statuslbor. Old French estatbor. Middle English stat English state From Middle English stat (as a noun); adopted c. 1200 from both Old French estat and Latin stātus (“manner of standing, attitude, position, carriage, manner, dress, apparel; and other senses”), from stāre (“to stand”). Doublet of estate and status. The sense of "polity" develops in the 14th century. Compare French être, Greek στέω (stéo), Italian stare, Portuguese estar, Romanian sta, and Spanish estar. The verb is first attested around the beginning of the 16th century. Related to English stand. Pronunciation: /steɪt/ 1. Stately. Labels: obsolete Example: The ſhepheardes ſwayne you cannot well ken, / But it be by his pride, from other men: / They looken bigge as Bulles, that bene bate, / And bearen the cragge ſo ſtiffe and ſo ſtate, / As Cocke on his dunghill, crowing cranck.
Word: federation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French fédération, from Late Latin foederatio, from Latin foederare; equivalent to federate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən/, [ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən] ~ [ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃn̩], /ˌfɛdəˈɹæɪ̯ʃən/, [ˌfɛdəˈɹæ̝ɪ̯ʃən] ~ [ˌfɛdəˈɹæ̝ɪ̯ʃn̩] 1. An act of joining together into a single political entity. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: It is 106 years since federation. 2. An array of nations or states that are unified under one central authority. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Any society or organisation formed from separate groups or bodies. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: FIDE appeals to all chess players and federations to accept this view. 4. A collection of network or telecommunication providers that offer interoperability. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: federation Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from French fédération, from Late Latin foederatio, from Latin foederare; equivalent to federate + -ion. Pronunciation: /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən/, [ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən] ~ [ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃn̩], /ˌfɛdəˈɹæɪ̯ʃən/, [ˌfɛdəˈɹæ̝ɪ̯ʃən] ~ [ˌfɛdəˈɹæ̝ɪ̯ʃn̩] 1. Of an architectural style popular around the time of federation. Labels: Australia, not-comparable Example: We live in a federation house. Example: The Federation house claimed a unique place in architecture, even if it offended architects.
Word: earl Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English erl, erle, from Old English eorl, from Proto-West Germanic *erl, from Proto-Germanic *erlaz (compare Old Saxon erl, Old Norse jarl), from Proto-Germanic *erōną, *arōną (compare Old Norse jara (“fight, battle”)). Doublet of eorl and jarl. Unrelated to ealdorman (“alderman”). Pronunciation: /ɜːl/, /ɝl/, /ɛrl/, /ɛːrl/ 1. A British or Irish nobleman next in rank above a viscount and below a marquess; equivalent to a European count. A female using the style is termed a countess. 2. Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Tanaecia. Other butterflies in this genus are called counts and viscounts.
Word: organ Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-der. Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon)bor. Latin organumder. Old French organebor. Middle English organe English organ From Middle English organe, from Old French organe and Old English organ, both from Latin organum, from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “an instrument, implement, tool, also an organ of sense or apprehension, an organ of the body, also a musical instrument, an organ”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-. Doublet of organon, organum, and orgue. Pronunciation: /ˈɔːɡən/, /ˈoɹɡən/, /ˈoːɡən/ 1. The larger part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions. Example: bodily organs Example: vital organ 2. A body of an organization dedicated to the performing of certain functions. Labels: broadly 3. A device, apparatus. Labels: obsolete Example: This Organ is called a Thermometer, or Thermoscope, because the degrees of Heat and Cold are measured and marked by it. 4. A musical instrument that has multiple pipes which play when a key is pressed (the pipe organ), or an electronic instrument designed to replicate such. Example: He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts. 5. An official magazine, newsletter, or similar publication of an organization. 6. Ellipsis of organ pipe cactus. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis 7. A government organization; agency; authority. 8. The penis. Labels: slang Example: If the Snake has an unmistakeable resemblance to the male organ in its active state, the foliage of the tree or bush is equally remindful of the female. 9. An Asian form of mitrailleuse. Labels: historical Example: Lieutenant Roberts was also severely wounded by a missile, or weapon called an Organ, which is composed of about thirty-six gun barrels so joined as to fire at once.
Word: organ Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-der. Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon)bor. Latin organumder. Old French organebor. Middle English organe English organ From Middle English organe, from Old French organe and Old English organ, both from Latin organum, from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “an instrument, implement, tool, also an organ of sense or apprehension, an organ of the body, also a musical instrument, an organ”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-. Doublet of organon, organum, and orgue. Pronunciation: /ˈɔːɡən/, /ˈoɹɡən/, /ˈoːɡən/ 1. To supply with an organ or organs; to fit with organs. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: [W]hen he ſays, he has compaſſion on’em, they ſhould ask, where then are his Bowels! […] Alaſs! fond Creature, thou art Elemented and Organ’d for other Apprehenſions […]
Word: organism Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in 1701; from organ + -ism, from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “a tool, instrument”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“work”). Compare New Latin organismus. Pronunciation: /ˈɔː.ɡə.nɪ.zəm/, /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ 1. A discrete and complete living thing, such as animal, plant, fungus or microorganism. Example: Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field. Example: This strategy, known as caloric restriction, has been shown to increase the life span of various organisms and reduce their rate of cancer and other age-related ailments. 2. Something with many separate interdependent parts, seen as being like a living thing; an organic system. Example: For the first time, Edith was aware of the hotel as a well populated organism, its attendants merely resting until an appropriate occasion should summon them to present themselves […]. 3. The fact of being organic; organicity. Labels: obsolete, rare
Word: digestion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French digestion. Partly displaced native Old English melting (“melting, digestion”). Pronunciation: /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/, /dɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ 1. The process, in the gastrointestinal tract, by which food is converted into substances that can be used by the body. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In the dead state all is apparently without motion. No agent within indicates design, intelligence, or foresight: there is no respiration; no digestion, circulation, or nutrition; […] Example: As for Grierson, he poured liquor into himself as if it were so much soothing syrup, demonstrating that a good digestion is the highest form of good conscience. 2. The result of this process. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The ability to use this process. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. The processing of decay in organic matter assisted by microorganisms. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. The assimilation and understanding of ideas. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. Generation of pus; suppuration. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable 7. Dissolution of a sample into a solution by means of adding acid and heat. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: vertical Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French vertical, from Late Latin verticālis. Pronunciation: /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl/, /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/, /ˈvɝ.tə.kəl/ 1. Standing, pointing, or moving straight up or down; parallel to the local direction of gravity; along the direction of a plumb line; perpendicular to something horizontal. Example: vertical lines Example: The Zebra moray is chocolate black with vertical white stripes. 2. In a two-dimensional Cartesian co-ordinate system, describing the axis y oriented normal (perpendicular, at right angles) to the horizontal axis x. 3. In a three-dimensional co-ordinate system, describing the axis z oriented normal (perpendicular, orthogonal) to the basic plane xy. 4. Of or pertaining to vertical markets. 5. Involving different vintages of the same wine type from the same winery. 6. Of an interval: having the two notes sound simultaneously.
Word: vertical Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French vertical, from Late Latin verticālis. Pronunciation: /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl/, /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/, /ˈvɝ.tə.kəl/ 1. A vertex or zenith. 2. A vertical geometrical figure; a perpendicular. 3. An individual slat in a set of vertical blinds. 4. A vertical component of a structure. 5. A vertical market. Example: We offer specialised accounting software targeting various verticals. Example: As Barclay Capital's Douglas Anmuth wrote in a report on Friday morning, Google's "core search growth" is slowing, so there may now be a "greater urgency in pursuing specific verticals". So, what other specialised areas could Google target? 6. A command structure for exertion of political power. Example: Russian opposition outlet Vazhnye Istorii reported on August 19 that Russian President Vladimir Putin's reaction to the "Kursk situation" has exposed certain shifts within the Kremlin's power vertical, many of which have been underway over the last several months ... Russian investigative journalist Andrei Soldatov noted that the FSB has generally shifted its mandate away from controlling Russian oligarchs and towards controlling Russia’s military and Russia’s military-industrial complex as well as countering "saboteurs and terrorists," and Vazhnye Istorii reported that several long-time Russian economic oligarchs are also gradually losing their influence within the Kremlin's wider power vertical ... ISW has reported at length on Putin's efforts to maintain a core cadre of loyal siloviki (Russian strongmen with political influence) within the Russian power vertical, particularly since the risks to Putin's regime first introduced by the Wagner Group's armed rebellion in June 2023. 7. A segment in a news publication that contains in-depth pieces focused on a specific topic. Example: Near-synonym: column
Word: dagger Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English daggere, daggare, dagard, probably adapted from Old French dague (1229), related to Occitan, Italian, Spanish daga, Dutch dagge, German Degen, Middle Low German dagge (“knife's point”), Old Norse daggarðr, Danish daggert, Faroese daggari, Welsh dager, dagr, Breton dac, Albanian thikë (“a knife, dagger”), thek (“to stab, to pierce with a sharp object”). In English attested from the 1380s. The ultimate origin of the word is unclear. Grimm suspects Celtic origin. Others have suggested derivation from an unattested Vulgar Latin *daca "Dacian [knife]", from the Latin adjective dācus. Chastelain (Dictionaire etymologique, 1750) thought that French dague was a derivation from German dagge, dagen, although not attested until a much later date). The knightly dagger evolves from the 12th century. Guillaume le Breton (died 1226) uses daca in his Philippide. Other Middle Latin forms include daga, dagga, dagha, dagger, daggerius, daggerium, dagarium, dagarius, diga; the forms with -r- are late 14th century adoptions of the English word). OED points out that there is also an English verb dag (“to stab”) from which this could be a derivation, but the verb is attested only from about 1400. Relation to Old Armenian դակու (daku, “adze, axe”) has also been suggested. Alternatively, a connection from Proto-Indo-European *dʰāg-u- and cognate with Ancient Greek θήγω (thḗgō, “to sharpen, whet”). Pronunciation: /ˈdæɡə/, [ˈdæɡə], /ˈdæɡɚ/, [ˈdæɡɚ] ~ [ˈdæɡɹ̩], /ˈdeɪ̯ɡɚ/ 1. A stabbing weapon, similar to a sword but with a short, double-edged blade. Example: The dagger, under the title cultellum and misericorde, has been the constant companion of the sword, at least from the days of Edward I. and is mentioned in the statute of Winchester. 2. The typographical mark †. 3. A point scored near the end of the game (clutch time) to take or increase the scorer's team lead, so that they are likely to win. Example: His last-minute 3-point dagger silenced the criticism for his so-called failure to come up big in big moments.
Word: dagger Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English daggere, daggare, dagard, probably adapted from Old French dague (1229), related to Occitan, Italian, Spanish daga, Dutch dagge, German Degen, Middle Low German dagge (“knife's point”), Old Norse daggarðr, Danish daggert, Faroese daggari, Welsh dager, dagr, Breton dac, Albanian thikë (“a knife, dagger”), thek (“to stab, to pierce with a sharp object”). In English attested from the 1380s. The ultimate origin of the word is unclear. Grimm suspects Celtic origin. Others have suggested derivation from an unattested Vulgar Latin *daca "Dacian [knife]", from the Latin adjective dācus. Chastelain (Dictionaire etymologique, 1750) thought that French dague was a derivation from German dagge, dagen, although not attested until a much later date). The knightly dagger evolves from the 12th century. Guillaume le Breton (died 1226) uses daca in his Philippide. Other Middle Latin forms include daga, dagga, dagha, dagger, daggerius, daggerium, dagarium, dagarius, diga; the forms with -r- are late 14th century adoptions of the English word). OED points out that there is also an English verb dag (“to stab”) from which this could be a derivation, but the verb is attested only from about 1400. Relation to Old Armenian դակու (daku, “adze, axe”) has also been suggested. Alternatively, a connection from Proto-Indo-European *dʰāg-u- and cognate with Ancient Greek θήγω (thḗgō, “to sharpen, whet”). Pronunciation: /ˈdæɡə/, [ˈdæɡə], /ˈdæɡɚ/, [ˈdæɡɚ] ~ [ˈdæɡɹ̩], /ˈdeɪ̯ɡɚ/ 1. To pierce with a dagger; to stab. 2. To perform the daggering dance. Labels: Jamaica
Word: dagger Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Perhaps from diagonal. Pronunciation: /ˈdæɡə/, [ˈdæɡə], /ˈdæɡɚ/, [ˈdæɡɚ] ~ [ˈdæɡɹ̩], /ˈdeɪ̯ɡɚ/ 1. A timber placed diagonally in a ship's frame. Example: DAGGER. A piece of timber that faces on to the poppets of the bilgeways, and crosses them diagonally , to keep them together
Word: monarch Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French monarque, from Late Latin monarcha, from Ancient Greek μονάρχης (monárkhēs), variant of μόναρχος (mónarkhos, “sole ruler”), from μόνος (mónos, “only”) + ἀρχός (arkhós, “leader”), equivalent to mono- + -arch. * (butterfly): See monarch butterfly. Pronunciation: /ˈmɒnək/, /ˈmɑnɚk/, /ˈmɑnɑɹk/ 1. The ruler of an absolute monarchy or the head of state of a constitutional monarchy. Example: Never was monarch better fear'd and lov'd / Than is your Majesty. 2. A monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) and others of genus Danaus, found primarily in North America. Example: But I know the monarchs are close by, their orange-and-black wings folded, dusted, and baked by heat, ready to flee south. 3. A police officer. Example: ‘Skippy gets off. An ya know the first thing e says to them monarch? E turns round on em an yelps, “An now ya can just gimme back that bottle.”’ 4. A stag which has sixteen or more points or tines on its antlers. Labels: capitalized, often 5. The chief or best thing of its kind. 6. Any bird of the family Monarchidae.
Word: head of state Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˌhɛd əv ˈsteɪt/ 1. The chief public representative of a nation having duties, privileges and responsibilities varying greatly depending on the constitutional rules; a monarch in a monarchy, and often styled president in a republic, but variations such as collegiality exist.
Word: analog Part of Speech: adj Etymology: First attested in the early 19th century; from French analogue, from Ancient Greek ἀνάλογος (análogos, “proportionate”), from ἀνά (aná, “up to”) + λόγος (lógos, “ratio”). Equivalent to ana- (“functionally similar”) + -log. Pronunciation: /ˈænəˌlɒɡ/, [ˈanəlɔɡ], /ˈanəlɔɡ/, /ˈænəlɔɡ/, /ˈɛnəlɒɡ/ 1. In which the value of a data item (such as time) is represented by a continuous(ly) variable physical quantity that can be measured (such as the shadow of a sundial). Labels: not-comparable Example: an analog watch 2. Not relating to, or pre-dating, digital technology such as computers and the Internet; relating to real life. Labels: not-comparable Example: an analog (paper) map Example: But for these digital natives, the stubborn analog wonders of skin, handshakes, hugs, bread and wine, faces, names and spontaneous conversation is part of what intrigued them and kept them going to church.
Word: analog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: First attested in the early 19th century; from French analogue, from Ancient Greek ἀνάλογος (análogos, “proportionate”), from ἀνά (aná, “up to”) + λόγος (lógos, “ratio”). Equivalent to ana- (“functionally similar”) + -log. Pronunciation: /ˈænəˌlɒɡ/, [ˈanəlɔɡ], /ˈanəlɔɡ/, /ˈænəlɔɡ/, /ˈɛnəlɒɡ/ 1. Something that bears an analogy to something else. Labels: countable 2. An organ or structure that is similar in function to one in another kind of organism but is of dissimilar evolutionary origin. Labels: countable Example: See also: convergent evolution 3. A structural derivative of a parent compound that differs from it by only one or a few atoms or substituent groups; (usually, especially) such a molecule that retains most of the same chemical properties.
Word: MDM Part of Speech: noun 1. Initialism of master data management. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 2. Initialism of mobile device management. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 3. Initialism of multiplexer-demultiplexer. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable 4. Initialism of medical decision making. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable Example: Next, a comprehensive list of instructions is provided for determining the extent of medical history obtained, the extent of examination performed, and the complexity of MDM involved in each specific patient encounter. 5. Initialism of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, initialism, uncountable Example: CISA’s Mis-, Dis-, Malinformation (MDM) team is charged with building national resilience to mis-, dis-, and malinformation and foreign influence activities. Through these efforts, CISA helps the American people understand the scope and scale of MDM activities targeting elections and critical infrastructure, and enables them to take actions to mitigate associated risks. The MDM team was formerly known as the Countering Foreign Influence Task Force (CFITF). […] Misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation make up what CISA defines as “information activities”. Example: Many parts of the US government, including the FBI, CIA and the Department of Homeland Security, had direct access to the major social media companies and instructed them on what content was permissible, who could use the networks and how their content was to be published. Initially justified as part of ‘the fight against terror’, this was expanded to include threats caused by MDM (mis-, dis- and malinformation). The mission creep of these agencies and the vagueness of the MDM definitions gave the government control of free speech in direct contradiction to the American First Amendment.
Word: Africa Part of Speech: name Etymology: Etymology tree Latin Āfer Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icus Latin āfricus Latin āfrica Latin Āfricabor. Old French Affriquebor. Middle English Affrike English Africa Inherited from Middle English Affrike, from Old French Affrique, Affrike, from Latin Āfrica, from Āfrī, singular Āfer (inhabitant of the country of Carthage), in turn either from: * The Punic or Phoenician word 𐤏𐤐𐤓 (ʿpr /⁠ʿafar⁠/, “dust”), from Proto-Semitic *ʕapar- (“dust, soil”), which has cognates in other Semitic languages. * The Berber word ifri (“cave”), plural ifran, in reference to cave dwellers of Tunisia (see Tataouine). Folk etymologies include: * Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) + φρίκη f (phríkē), meaning "without cold" * Latin aprica (“sunny”). Pronunciation: /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/, /ˈæf.ɹə.kə/, /ɛfrɨkə/, /ˈɑːfrɪkɑː/ 1. The continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: the Maghreb and sub-Saharan Africa Example: As Russia’s foothold in Africa expands – notably in the mineral-rich Sahel region that is beset by recurring coups, armed rebellion and extremist insurgency – anti-Western sentiments, partly fueled by Russian propaganda, are engineering the exit of Western troops from swathes of territory. 2. Sub-Saharan Africa, contrasted with the Maghreb. Labels: countable, nonstandard, proscribed, uncountable Example: The Sahara stood as an important marker between the Maghreb and Africa, not only in modern times but in times immemorial. 3. A former province of the Roman Empire, containing what is now Tunisia, northeastern Algeria and portions of coastal Libya; existing from 146 BC (initially in the Roman Republic) through 698 AD, except for 439 through 534 AD, when it was occupied by the Vandals. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable 4. A surname. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: Africa Part of Speech: noun Labels: no-gloss
Word: Antarctica Part of Speech: name Etymology: From New Latin Antarctica, from Ancient Greek ἀνταρκτικός (antarktikós), from ἀντι- (anti-, “anti-, against, opposed”) + ἀρκτικός (arktikós, “Arctic”), from ἄρκτος (árktos, “bear”). Pronunciation: /ˌænˈtɑːktɪkə/, /æntˈɑɹ(k)tɪkə/, /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪkə/, /ænˈtɐːktɪkə/, /əɳˈʈɑ(ɾ)(k)tɪka/ 1. The southernmost continent, south of the Southern Ocean, containing the South Pole. Example: The five largest islands or peninsulas in which the crests of the World Ridges break through the uniform covering of the hydrosphere are termed continents, and designated by the names Eurasia, Africa, North America, South America, and Australia. They are distinguished from other islands and peninsulas by size alone, Australia being ten times larger than New Guinea, and Africa ten times larger than Arabia, these being the greatest island and peninsula not called continents. The elevated region round the South Pole is crowned by the unexplored and scarcely discovered continent of Antarctica. Example: Dr. Murray believes that Alexander I. Land is a part of the west coast of Graham's Land, and that this landmass, which Biscoe and Larsen proved to widen rapidly toward the south, is only a peninsula of the continent of Antarctica. 2. the Antarctic Labels: broadly
Word: Oceania Part of Speech: name Etymology: From French Océanie, coined circa 1812 by geographer Conrad Malte-Brun, from océan (“ocean”) + -ie, ultimately from Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός (Ōkeanós, “Oceanus”). By surface analysis, ocean + -ia. Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.ʃiˈɑː.nɪə/, /ˌəʊ.siˈɑː.nɪə/, /ˌoʊ.ʃiˈæn.i.ə/, /-ˈæn.jə/, /-ˈæn.ə/ 1. A continental region composed of the islands of the central and southern Pacific Ocean, principally divided into Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, plus in some definitions Australia and the Malay Archipelago.
Word: Oceania Part of Speech: noun Labels: no-gloss
Word: Asia Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Middle English Asia, Asie, from Old French Asie and Latin Asia, from Ancient Greek Ᾰ̓σῐ́ᾱ (Ăsĭ́ā), from Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀯𐀹𐀊 (a-si-wi-ja /⁠aswijaː⁠/), in turn probably from Hittite 𒀸𒋗𒉿 (aš-šu-wa /⁠Aššuwa⁠/, “northwest Anatolia”) of uncertain origin. Potentially from an Aegean language family substrate or Akkadian. Possibly a doublet of Assuwa. Pronunciation: /ˈeɪ.ʒə/, /ˈeɪ.ʃə/, /ˈeː.ʃa/, /ˈeɪ.ʃa/ 1. The largest continent, located east of Europe (typically delimited by the Urals), west of the Pacific Ocean, north of Oceania and south of the Arctic Ocean. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: All Aſia, which the Ancients divide into Aſia the Great and Aſia the Leſs, modern Computors part into five Diviſions, Perſia, the Turkiſh Empire, India, (to which they caſt in the adjacent Iſles) Tartary, and China. Example: “A shift from jus soli to jus sanguinis has been witnessed in Asia in the course of the twentieth century,” wrote Olivier Vonk at the Maastricht Centre in a 2017 paper. 2. A daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, the wife of the Titan Iapetus, and mother of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus and Menoetius. Labels: Greek, uncountable, usually 3. An epithet of Athena. Labels: Greek, uncountable, usually 4. One of the Nereids. Labels: Greek, uncountable, usually 5. 67 Asia, a main belt asteroid. Labels: uncountable, usually 6. A female given name transferred from the place name, of modern usage. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: And Scott Haskell started going out with this sophomore girl called Asia, who was this rich girl from Weston Heights. 7. An ancient province of the Roman Empire in western Anatolia, existing between 133 BC (during the Roman Republic) and the 7th century AD. Labels: historical, uncountable, usually
Word: Asia Part of Speech: noun Labels: no-gloss
Word: subpoena Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *upó Proto-Italic *supo Medieval Latin sub Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂ Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor. Medieval Latin poena Middle English sub pena English subpoena The noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one. Pronunciation: /sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/, /səˈpi.nə/ 1. A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished. Example: Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen hee is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vpon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe. Example: For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David. 2. A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852. Labels: historical Example: No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff. Example: [I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him. 3. A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone. Labels: figuratively Example: Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]
Word: subpoena Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *upó Proto-Italic *supo Medieval Latin sub Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂ Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor. Medieval Latin poena Middle English sub pena English subpoena The noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one. Pronunciation: /sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/, /səˈpi.nə/ 1. To summon (someone) with a subpoena (noun sense 1) to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony or to produce evidence; to serve a subpoena on (someone). Labels: transitive Example: Poor Willy! he would not even subpœna any of his old friends as to his general character. But even if he had, what could the Court do since he pleaded guilty? Example: I am just reminded that the president, who is also transfer-agent, of the Black Rapids Coal Company, happens to be on board here, and, having been subpœnaed as witness in a stock case on the docket in Kentucky, has his transfer-book with him. 2. To require (a document or other evidence) to be produced before a court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding. Labels: transitive Example: I have just recollected that you ought to have sub-pœnaᵈ in Goodwins & Thomass cases Goodwins comes on the second monday in October. You must send up for them. Example: In a letter to the House Judiciary Committee, the department accused Democrats of being unreasonable in subpoenaing that material. 3. To compel or summon (someone or something); to demand. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: We wish to subpœna the public to our characters.
Word: North America Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /ˌnɔː(ɹ)θ əˈmɛɹɪkə/ 1. The continent forming the northern part of the Americas; that part east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of South America and south of the Arctic Ocean. Example: Jeeves: Foreign travel often liberates emotions best kept in check, sir. The air of North America is notoriously stimulating in this regard, as witness the regrettable behavior of its inhabitants in 1776. B. Wooster: Hm? What happened in 1776, Jeeves? Jeeves: I prefer not to dwell on it, if it's convenient to you, sir. 2. Canada and the United States as a unit to the exclusion of Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean nations, and Greenland; roughly equivalent to Northern America. Often used to describe objects in a context that includes only the US and Canada. Labels: Canada, US
Word: North America Part of Speech: noun Labels: no-gloss
Word: tissue Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English tissu, from Old French tissu (“woven”), past participle of tistre (“to weave”), from Latin texō (“to weave”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɪs.juː/, /ˈtɪʃ.ju/, /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ 1. Thin, woven, gauzelike fabric. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Madame Legarde, the "glass of fashion and the nurse of form," (alias the most fashionable of milliners,) has comfortably assured me, "that my figure has great merit, and only requires cultivation:" this is to be done by tissues, brocades, and laces, which are now scattered round me in charming confusion. Example: The face which emerged was not reassuring. It was blunt and grey, the nose springing thick and flat from high on the frontal bone of the forehead, whilst his eyes were narrow slits of dark in a tight bandage of tissue. 2. A fine transparent silk material, used for veils, etc.; specifically, cloth interwoven with gold or silver threads, or embossed with figures. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A Robe of Tiſſue, ſtiff with golden Wire; / An upper Veſt, once Hellen’s rich Attire; [...] Example: In their glittering tissues bear emblazed / Holy memorials. 3. A sheet of absorbent paper, especially one that is made to be used as tissue paper, toilet paper or a handkerchief. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Absorbent paper as material. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. A group of cells (along with their extracellular matrix if any) that are similar in origin and function together to perform a specific job. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: What they lack is outermost brain tissue that, at least in humans, prompts awareness and interpretation. 6. Web; texture; complicated fabrication; connected series. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: a tissue of forgeries, or of lies Example: unwilling to leave the dry bones of Agnosticism wholly unclothed with any living tissue of religious emotion 7. The scratch sheet or racing form. Labels: countable, slang, uncountable Example: Pricing the first show is a matter of the bookmaker's individual judgment, relying upon advice from all quarters, particularly the tissue; but very soon in the betting exchanges it becomes clear that the sole criterion for the fixing of a horse's price is demand. 8. A cigarette paper. Labels: Tasmania, countable, informal, uncountable
Word: tissue Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English tissu, from Old French tissu (“woven”), past participle of tistre (“to weave”), from Latin texō (“to weave”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɪs.juː/, /ˈtɪʃ.ju/, /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ 1. To form tissue of; to interweave. Labels: transitive Example: The Chariot was couered with Cloth of Gold tiſſued vpon blew. 2. To have the contents of an injection or intravenous drip leak into the tissue as a result of a ruptured or punctured vein. Labels: informal
Word: South America Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /ˌsaʊθ əˈmɛɹɪkə/ 1. The continent forming the southern part of the Americas; east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.
Word: people Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English puple, peple, peeple, from Anglo-Norman people, from Old French pueple, peuple, pople, from Latin populus (“a people, nation”), from Old Latin populus, from earlier poplus, from even earlier poplos, from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”) of unknown origin. Doublet of pueblo. Gradually ousted native English lede and, partially, folk. Originally used with singular verbs (e.g. "the people is hungry, and weary, and thirsty, in the wilderness" in the King James Version of 2 Samuel 17:29), the plural aspect of people is probably due to influence from Middle English lede, leed, a plural since Old English times; see lēode. Pronunciation: /ˈpi.pəl/, [ˈpʰi.pəɫ], [ˈpʰi.pɫ̩], /ˈpiː.pəl/, [ˈpʰiː.pɫ̩] 1. plural of person: a body of persons considered generally or collectively; a group of two or more persons. Labels: countable, form-of, plural, uncountable Example: There were so many people at the restaurant last night. Example: These six people are waiting for the bus. 2. Persons forming or belonging to a particular group, such as a nation, class, ethnic group, country, family, etc. Labels: collective, countable Example: a people apart Example: an industrious people 3. A group of persons regarded as being servants, followers, companions or subjects of a ruler or leader. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Moses said, "Let my people go." Example: his people were weary 4. One's colleagues or employees. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I'll have my people call your people. Example: I have my people working on it. 5. A person's ancestors, relatives or family. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: My people lived through the Black Plague and the Thirty Years War. Example: His people live out west. 6. The mass of a community as distinguished from a special class (elite); the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common crowd; the citizens. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The people have successfully stood up against tyranny and totalitarianism. Example: The election is over and the people have spoken. 7. People in general, humans, by extension sentient beings real or fictional. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: People don't like it when you tweak their noses. Example: Teachers are people too.
Word: people Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English puple, peple, peeple, from Anglo-Norman people, from Old French pueple, peuple, pople, from Latin populus (“a people, nation”), from Old Latin populus, from earlier poplus, from even earlier poplos, from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”) of unknown origin. Doublet of pueblo. Gradually ousted native English lede and, partially, folk. Originally used with singular verbs (e.g. "the people is hungry, and weary, and thirsty, in the wilderness" in the King James Version of 2 Samuel 17:29), the plural aspect of people is probably due to influence from Middle English lede, leed, a plural since Old English times; see lēode. Pronunciation: /ˈpi.pəl/, [ˈpʰi.pəɫ], [ˈpʰi.pɫ̩], /ˈpiː.pəl/, [ˈpʰiː.pɫ̩] 1. To interact with people; to socialize. Labels: informal, rare Example: I don't people well.” “Not peopling well is a crap excuse,” I retorted, and started to step around him, but a sudden thought occurred to me. Example: My head tilted as Calvin said, "Don't worry about him. He just doesn't people well. The fuck? I people. Sometimes. With people I know.