nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: property Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English propertee, properte, propirte, proprete, borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Old French propreté, proprieté (“propriety, fitness, property”), from Latin proprietās (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”). Equivalent to proper + -ty. Doublet of propriety. Pronunciation: /ˈpɹɒp.ə.ti/, /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ti/, [ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ɾi], /ˈpɹɒp.ɚ.ti/, [ˈpɹɒp.ɚ.ɾi] 1. Something that is owned. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Leave those books alone! They are my property. Example: Important types of property include real property (land), personal property (other physical possessions), and intellectual property (rights over artistic creations, inventions, etc.). 2. A piece of real estate, such as a parcel of land. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: There is a large house on the property. Example: He owns over ten properties in the country. 3. Real estate; the business of selling houses. Labels: UK, countable, uncountable Example: He works in property as a housing consultant. 4. The exclusive right of possessing, enjoying and disposing of a thing. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. An attribute or abstract quality associated with an individual, object or concept. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Charm is his most endearing property. Example: Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, another solvent, which has the well-known property of causing this type of cancer. 6. An attribute or abstract quality which is characteristic of a class of objects. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Matter can have many properties, including color, mass and density. Example: Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning vortex, and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work. 7. An editable or read-only parameter associated with an application, component or class; especially (object-oriented programming) one that encapsulates an underlying variable. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: You need to set the debugging property to "verbose". 8. A prop, an object used in a dramatic production. Labels: countable, plural-normally, uncountable Example: Costumes and scenery are distinguished from property properly speaking. 9. A script, book, screenplay, or the like that is on the market or has been bought for commercial production as a stage play, movie, or the like. Labels: US, countable, uncountable 10. A script, book, screenplay, or the like that is on the market or has been bought for commercial production as a stage play, movie, or the like. Labels: US, broadly, countable, rare, uncountable Example: Is the property in which you are playing currently on Broadway – is it a musical? 11. Propriety; correctness. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: it is well knowne that I have the property to keepe counsaile
Word: property Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English propertee, properte, propirte, proprete, borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Old French propreté, proprieté (“propriety, fitness, property”), from Latin proprietās (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”). Equivalent to proper + -ty. Doublet of propriety. Pronunciation: /ˈpɹɒp.ə.ti/, /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ti/, [ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ɾi], /ˈpɹɒp.ɚ.ti/, [ˈpɹɒp.ɚ.ɾi] 1. To invest with properties, or qualities. Labels: obsolete Example: His voyce was propertied As all the tuned Spheres, and that to Friends 2. To make a property of; to appropriate. Labels: obsolete Example: Your grace shall pardon me, I will not back: I am too high-born to be propertied, To be a secondary at control, Or useful serving-man and instrument, To any sovereign state throughout the world.
Word: serir Part of Speech: noun 1. A desert of pebbles or larger stones. Example: Immediately south of Tejerri, the most southern village of the Gatrun oasis, the sandy desert disappears, and great serirs, large fields covered by fine gravel, slowly lead up into a succession of broad valleys and ridges of an unsurpassed wildness.
Word: relation Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English relacion, relacioun, from Anglo-Norman relacioun and Old French relacion (whence French relation), from Latin relātiō, noun of process form from perfect passive participle relātus (“related”), from verb referō (“to refer, to relate”), from prefix re- (“again”) + ferō (“to bear, to carry”). By surface analysis, relate + -ion. Doublet of relazione. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, /ɹəˈlæ̝ɪʃ(ə)n/ 1. The manner in which two things may be associated. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The relation between diet and health is complex. Example: Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed. 2. A member of one's extended family; a relative. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Yes, he's a relation of mine, but only a distant one. 3. A relationship; the manner in which and tone with which people or states, etc. interact. Labels: countable, in-plural, uncountable Example: the foreign relations of the United States 4. The act of relating a story. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Your relation of the events is different from mine. Example: I shall you make relacyon By way of apostrofacyon […] How I, Skelton laureat, Devysed and also wrate Uppon a lewde curate, […] 5. A set of ordered tuples. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: […]Signs are, first of all, physical things: for example, chalk marks on a blackboard, pencil or ink marks on paper, sound waves produced in a human throat. According to Reichenbach, "What makes them signs is the intermediary position they occupy between an object and a sign user, i.e., a person." For a sign to be a sign, or to function as such, it is necessary that the person take account of the object it designates. Thus, anything in nature may or may not be a sign, depending on a person's attitude toward it. A physical thing is a sign when it appears as a substitute for, or representation of, the object for which it stands with respect to the sign user. The three-place relation between sign, object, and sign user is called the sign relation or relation of denotation. 6. A set of ordered tuples. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Equality is a symmetric relation, while divisibility is not. 7. A set of tuples, implemented as a table in a relational database. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: This relation uses the customer's social security number as a key. 8. A statement of equality of two products of generators, used in the presentation of a group. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A subobject of a product of objects. Labels: countable, uncountable 10. The act of intercourse. Labels: countable, in-plural, often, uncountable Example: have relations with Example: have sexual relations with
Word: such Part of Speech: det Etymology: From Middle English such, swuch, swich, swilch, swulch, from Old English swelċ, from Proto-West Germanic *swalīk, from Proto-Germanic *swalīkaz (“so formed, so like”), equivalent to so + like. Cognate with Scots swilk, sic, sik (“such”), Saterland Frisian suk (“such”), West Frisian suk, sok (“such”), Low German sülk, sulk, suk (“such”), Dutch zulk (“such”), German solch (“such”), Danish slig (“like that, such”), Swedish slik (“such”), Icelandic slíkur (“such”). More at so, like. Pronunciation: /sʌt͡ʃ/, /sɪt͡ʃ/, /sɛt͡ʃ/, /sʊt͡ʃ/ 1. Like this, that, these, those; used to make a comparison with something implied by context. Labels: demonstrative Example: I’ve never seen such clouds in the sky before. Example: Really? Unfortunately, my mind refuses to bring any such memory forward. 2. Any. Example: the above address or at such other address as may be provided 3. Used as an intensifier roughly equivalent to very much (of), quite or rather. Example: Unfortunately, it wasn't such a good holiday as we thought it would. Example: I spent such a lot last night (that) now I can't even afford a burger. 4. Used as an intensifier roughly equivalent to very much (of), quite or rather. Example: Such hypocrisy! Example: Such bouncy children you have. 5. A certain; representing the object as already particularized in terms which are not mentioned. Labels: dialectal, obsolete Example: In rushed one and tells him such a knight / Is new arrived. Example: To-day or to-morrow we will go into such a city, and continue there a year.
Word: such Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From Middle English such, swuch, swich, swilch, swulch, from Old English swelċ, from Proto-West Germanic *swalīk, from Proto-Germanic *swalīkaz (“so formed, so like”), equivalent to so + like. Cognate with Scots swilk, sic, sik (“such”), Saterland Frisian suk (“such”), West Frisian suk, sok (“such”), Low German sülk, sulk, suk (“such”), Dutch zulk (“such”), German solch (“such”), Danish slig (“like that, such”), Swedish slik (“such”), Icelandic slíkur (“such”). More at so, like. Pronunciation: /sʌt͡ʃ/, /sɪt͡ʃ/, /sɛt͡ʃ/, /sʊt͡ʃ/ 1. A person, a thing, people, or things like the one or ones already mentioned. Example: Such is life, such as it is. Example: When applied to women, 'handsome' is used mostly of such as are middle-aged or elderly.
Word: such Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English such, swuch, swich, swilch, swulch, from Old English swelċ, from Proto-West Germanic *swalīk, from Proto-Germanic *swalīkaz (“so formed, so like”), equivalent to so + like. Cognate with Scots swilk, sic, sik (“such”), Saterland Frisian suk (“such”), West Frisian suk, sok (“such”), Low German sülk, sulk, suk (“such”), Dutch zulk (“such”), German solch (“such”), Danish slig (“like that, such”), Swedish slik (“such”), Icelandic slíkur (“such”). More at so, like. Pronunciation: /sʌt͡ʃ/, /sɪt͡ʃ/, /sɛt͡ʃ/, /sʊt͡ʃ/ 1. Something being indicated that is similar to something else. Example: But granted that Plato does not accept the this-such distinction, why saddle him with the view that all things are thises, rather than all suches or perhaps even neither?
Word: tight Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English tight, tyght, tyȝt, tiht, variants of thight, thiht, from Old English *þiht, *þīht (attested in meteþiht), from Proto-West Germanic *þį̄ht(ī), from Proto-Germanic *þinhtaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tenkt- (“dense, thick, tight”), from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, pull”). Cognate with Scots ticht, West Frisian ticht, Danish tæt, Icelandic þéttur (“dense”), Norwegian tett, Swedish tät, Dutch dicht (“dense”), German dicht (“dense”). The current form with t- /t/ rather than etymologically-expected th- /θ/ arose in Middle English under the influence of the etymologically-unrelated verbs tighten and tight, which come from a different Proto-Indo-European root (starting with *d- and thus regularly having t-). Pronunciation: /taɪt/ 1. Firmly, so as not to come loose easily. Example: Hold on tight to the rope. Example: 'I had my eyes tight shut.' 2. Soundly. Example: Good night, sleep tight.
Word: tight Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English tighten, thyhten (“to make tight”); see tighten. Pronunciation: /taɪt/ 1. To make tight; tighten. Labels: obsolete 2. To make water-tight. Labels: obsolete
Word: elute Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First attested in 1731. Borrowed from Latin ēlūtus, from the verb ēluō (“to wash away”). Pronunciation: /iˈluːt/ 1. To separate one substance from another by means of a solvent; to wash; to cleanse. Labels: transitive Example: A mixture of isooctane and ethyl acetate can be used to elute triglycerides from a complex lipid solution. Example: 1969, D'Arcy R. George, J. Richard Ross, Improved Eluex Process for Eluting Uranium from Ion Exchange Resins, United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigations 7227, page 6, Under these conditions the organic was loaded to 4.96 grams U₃0₈ per liter and the resin was eluted to 2.0 grams and 0.6 gram per liter in stages 3 and 4, respectively.
Word: rumba Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish rumba. Pronunciation: /ˈɹʊmbə/, /ˈɹʌmbə/ 1. A slow-paced Cuban partner dance in 4:4 time. Example: The music of Cuba has had a worldwide influence on forms of song and dance. René Buch who conceived and directed a musical “collage” called “¡Habana!” at the Repertorio Español on East 27th Street, points out the influence on Spain, for example, which received ‘habaneras’ and ‘contradanzas’ from Cuba; in this century, in the 1920's, the “rumba” and such songs as “El Manisero” and “Siboney” made their way north to become part of United States culture.
Word: rumba Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish rumba. Pronunciation: /ˈɹʊmbə/, /ˈɹʌmbə/ 1. To dance the rumba.
Word: squitter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From squit (“to squirt”) + -er. Compare skitter. Pronunciation: /ˈskwɪ.tə/, /ˈskwɪ.tɚ/ 1. Watery stool. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable 2. A random broadcast of data occurring either intentionally or in response to noise. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Mlat triangulates a moving aircraft's position from a number of fixed ground stations at known locations receiving and time stamping an aircraft-transponder squitter.
Word: squitter Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From squit (“to squirt”) + -er. Compare skitter. Pronunciation: /ˈskwɪ.tə/, /ˈskwɪ.tɚ/ 1. To create watery stool; to squirt (stool). Example: Ann has norovirus, she's spent the entire day squittering on the toilet. 2. To squirt (in general). Example: A cinnamon candle, thick and brown, squittered light across the room, dropped some on her belly, where it pooled in her navel and spread down to her pubis, coating the hairs, making them feel like starchy grains of rice when she touched them […] Example: […] lunging his knife into another can. It squittered black and grey curds. Later Cal would see how the system incorporated these exploding cans into a sort of 'internal combustion' engine, using an old auto cylinder block, reloading eight cans after every revolution. 3. To skitter or scutter, to move quickly. Example: Tiny zebra fish squittered away through the beds of flowers and out into huge lakes that had appeared overnight. The cycads had thrown off their load of curious egg-like pods and they floated in like some alien seed released from the deep. The[…] Example: ... tin men and women roiled and squittered like demonic insects. Or the maggots Fyche claimed to see on the side of the tor, writhing around my feet and ankles as I walked endlessly amid the dream hills around Glastonbury, lured by the distant chinging of church[…] 4. To broadcast squitter. 5. To waste; to squander. Example: the kiln had consumed half the cross and squittered half a fortune.
Word: apeshit Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From ape + shit, possibly from the tendency of certain primate species to throw faeces when extremely annoyed. Pronunciation: /ˈeɪp.ʃɪt/ 1. Out of control due to anger or excitement. Labels: slang, vulgar Example: I told him the bad news, and he went apeshit. Example: Naturally, the touchy airline crew went apeshit and when the plane landed, the LAPD was waiting for Mr. Zizza. 2. awesome Labels: slang, vulgar Example: This dope is apeshit.
Word: fabrica Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin fabrica. Doublet of fabric and forge. 1. A workshop in an ancient Roman fort. Labels: historical
Word: plaquet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: By surface analysis, plaque + -et. 1. Synonym of placard, a metal plate reinforcing the lower part of an armor breastplate or backplate. Labels: archaic Example: To the back-piece of the cuirass for the protection of the loins, was hooked on a piece of armour, called Garde des Reins, or culettes; and the breast-piece was occasionally strengthened by an additional plate called a Plaquet. Example: […] The plate of steel used as additional defence, and specifically the doubling of the lower part of the breastplate; a similar plaquet was used for the back.
Word: pouldron Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈpəʊl.dɹən/, /ˈpoʊl.dɹən/ 1. Alternative form of pauldron. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: To the cuirass were buckled the armour for the shoulders and arms, the first called pouldrons, the second brassarts, garde bras, les avant bras, and corruptly in English, Vambraces.
Word: vambrace Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English vambrace, vauntbras, from Anglo-Norman vambras, avantbras. Pronunciation: /ˈvæm.bɹeɪs/ 1. The piece of armor designed to protect the arm from the elbow to the wrist. Labels: historical 2. The pieces of armor protecting the arm from the shoulder to the wrist. Labels: historical Example: To the cuirass were buckled the armour for the shoulders and arms, the first called Pouldrons, the second Brassarts, Garde bras, les avant bras, and corruptly in English, Vambraces. The vambraces included all the defence for the arms, from the pouldrons to the wrist. At the joint, or bending of the arm, the vambraces were cut obliquely, […] Example: Thorin reached out for the vambrace and gauntlet that made up the armour's right arm.
Word: gusset Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English gusset, gysset, from Old French gosset, gousset (“the hollow of the armpit”), diminutive of gose, gosse (“bean pod, hull, husk”). Pronunciation: /ˈɡʌsɪt/, /ˈɡasət/ 1. A small piece of cloth inserted in a garment, for the purpose of strengthening some part or giving it a tapering enlargement cf. godet. 2. A gousset, a piece of mail providing protection where armor plates meet. 3. A kind of bracket, or angular part, fastened in the angles of a structure to give strength or stiffness; especially, the part joining the barrel and the fire box of a locomotive boiler. 4. An ordinary on a coat of arms, resembling a gusset (see usage notes). 5. A large flat metal piece wider than the valley to help prevent build-up at the base of the valley, either from debris or ice dam formations. 6. An intercellular space at an angle where more than two cells meet.
Word: gusset Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English gusset, gysset, from Old French gosset, gousset (“the hollow of the armpit”), diminutive of gose, gosse (“bean pod, hull, husk”). Pronunciation: /ˈɡʌsɪt/, /ˈɡasət/ 1. To make with a gusset; to sew a gusset into. Labels: transitive
Word: gousset Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French gousset. 1. A small piece of mail, providing some protection where two plates of armor are joined, usually at the elbows, under the shoulders, and behind the knees. Example: At the joint, or bending of the arm, the vambraces were cut obliquely, the vacancies on the inside, when the arms were streightened, were covered by pieces of mail callet [sic] Goussets, and afterwards by a contrivance of plates resembling hearts.
Word: greeve Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English gryve, grayve, from Old Norse greifi (“a count, earl, steward”), akin to Swedish and Danish greve (“a count, earl”), Old English ġerēfa (“reeve”). More at reeve. 1. A reeve; steward. Labels: UK, dialectal
Word: greeve Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English greve, grayve, see greave. 1. Alternative form of greave. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: For the defence of the legs were worn a sort of iron boots, called Greeves.
Word: Tizona Part of Speech: name 1. The sword of Rodrigo Díaz, known as El Cid ("the Lord" or "the Master"). Also called just Cid or Campeador, a famous Castilian knight born in Vivar, Spain.
Word: shield Part of Speech: verb Etymology: An alteration of Middle English schilden after Etymology 1, from Old English sċildan, from Proto-West Germanic *skildijan, form Proto-Germanic *skildijaną. Pronunciation: /ˈʃiːld/, /ˈʃɪj(ə)ld/, /ˈʃild/, /ˈʃiːʊd/, [ˈʃɪi̯ʊd] 1. To protect, to defend. Labels: ambitransitive Example: Sunscreen shields against the harmful effects of solar rays. Example: Shots rang out and a 15-year-old boy, shielding a woman from the line of fire, was killed. 2. To shelter; to protect oneself. Labels: UK, intransitive Example: The government has updated its guidance for people who are shielding taking into account that COVID-19 disease levels have decreased over the last few weeks. 3. To protect from the influence of.
Word: target Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle French targette, targuete, diminutive of targe (“light shield”), from Old French, from Frankish *targa (“buckler”), akin to Old Norse targa (“small round shield”) (whence also Old English targe, targa (“shield”)) from Proto-Germanic *targǭ (“edge”), from Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”). Akin to Old High German zarga (“side wall, rim”) (German Zarge (“frame”)), Spanish tarjeta (“card”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɑː.ɡɪt/, [ˈtʰɑː.ɡɪt], [ˈtʰɑː.ɡɪt̚], /ˈtɑɹ.ɡɪt/, [ˈtʰɑɹ.ɡɪt] 1. To aim something, especially a weapon, at (a target). Labels: transitive 2. To aim for as an audience or demographic. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: The advertising campaign targeted older women. 3. To produce code suitable for. Labels: transitive Example: This cross-platform compiler can target any of several processors.
Word: epiglottis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi Proto-Hellenic *epí Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí) Ancient Greek ἐπῐ- (epĭ-) Proto-Hellenic *glṓťťā Ancient Greek γλῶσσᾰ (glôssă) Ancient Greek -ις (-is) Ancient Greek γλωσσῐ́ς (glōssĭ́s) Ancient Greek ἐπῐγλωσσῐ́ς (epĭglōssĭ́s) Ancient Greek ἐπῐγλωττῐ́ς (epĭglōttĭ́s)bor. New Latin epiglōttislbor. English epiglottis Borrowed from New Latin epiglōttis, from Ancient Greek ἐπῐγλωττῐ́ς (epĭglōttĭ́s, “valve covering the larynx”), from ἐπῐ- (epĭ-, “upon, over”) + γλωττῐ́ς (glōttĭ́s, “glottis, mouth of the windpipe”); equivalent to epi- (“upon; above”) + glottis. Pronunciation: /ˌɛp.ɪˈɡlɒt.ɪs/, /ˌɛp.ɪˈɡlɑ.tɪs/, [ˌɛp.ɪˈɡlɑ.ɾɪs], /ˌep.ɪˈɡlɔt.ɪs/, [ˌep.ɪˈɡlɔɾ.ɪs] 1. A cartilaginous organ in the throat of terrestrial vertebrates covering the glottis when swallowing to prevent food and liquid from entering the trachea, and in Homo sapiens also a speech organ. Example: My epiglottis is full of bees!
Word: glottis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Late 16th century borrowing from New Latin glōttis, from Ancient Greek γλωττῐ́ς (glōttĭ́s, “mouth of the windpipe”), from γλῶττᾰ (glôttă, “tongue”) + -ῐς (-ĭs, feminine noun suffix). Cognates include Latin gula. Pronunciation: /ˈɡlɒt.ɪs/, /ˈɡlɑ.tɪs/, [ˈɡlɑ.ɾɪs], /ˈɡlɔt.ɪs/, [ˈɡlɔɾ.ɪs] 1. The opening between the true vocal cords which is located in the larynx and affects voice modulation through expansion or contraction.
Word: buckler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English bukler, bokler, bokeler, bokeleer, from Old French bocler, boucler, bucler, (French bouclier) from Vulgar Latin *bucculārius (“bossed”), from Latin buccula (“boss”). Merged with buckle + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌk.lə/, /ˈbʌk.lɚ/ 1. One who buckles something. Example: Bucklers will be assigned to buckle up drivers in the morning and make sure they stay buckled up. 2. A kind of shield, of various shapes and sizes, held in the hand or worn on the arm (usually the left), for protecting the front of the body. In the sword and buckler play of the Middle Ages in England, the buckler was a small shield, used not to cover the body but to stop or parry blows. Example: I am eight times thrust through the doublet, four through the hose, my buckler cut through and through; my sword hacked like a hand-saw -- ecce signum! 3. A shield resembling the Roman scutum. In modern usage, a smaller variety of shield is usually implied by this term. Labels: obsolete Example: The target or buckler was carried by the heavy armed foot, it answered to the scutum of the Romans; its form was sometimes that of a rectangular parallelogram, but more commonly had it's bottom rounded off; it was generally convex, being curved in it's breadth. 4. One of the large, bony, external plates found on many ganoid fishes. Example: Most zeids have spiny projections or bucklers at the dorsal- and anal-fin bases and bony plates on the ventral surface of the abdomen. 5. The anterior segment of the shell of a trilobite. 6. A block of wood or plate of iron made to fit a hawse hole, or the circular opening in a half-port, to prevent water from entering when the vessel pitches.
Word: buckler Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English bukler, bokler, bokeler, bokeleer, from Old French bocler, boucler, bucler, (French bouclier) from Vulgar Latin *bucculārius (“bossed”), from Latin buccula (“boss”). Merged with buckle + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌk.lə/, /ˈbʌk.lɚ/ 1. To shield; to defend. Labels: obsolete, transitive Example: Can Oxford, that did ever fence the right, / Now buckler falsehood with a pedigree?
Word: roundel Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English roundel, rundel, rondel, from Old French rondel (“something round and flat”), a diminutive of rond (“round”). More at round. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaʊn.dəl/ 1. Anything having a round form; a round figure; a circle. Example: the London Underground roundel Example: The Overground has been given a seat at the Underground table. It has the roundel, the Johnston typeface, and it is on the Tube map. 2. A roundelay or rondelay. Example: Come, now a roundel and a fairy song ... Fairies sing. Example: The korreds are supposed to live in the cromlechs, of which they are believed to have been the builders. They dance around them at night, and betide the unhappy peasant who joins them in their roundels. 3. A small circular shield, sometimes not more than a foot in diameter, used by soldiers in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Example: The roundel or rondache derived its name from its circular figure, it was made of oziers boards of light wood, sinews or ropes, covered with leather, plates of metal, or stuck full of nails in concentric circles or other figures. 4. A circular spot; a charge in the form of a small coloured circle. 5. A circular insignia painted on an aircraft to identify its nationality or service. 6. A bastion of a circular form. 7. An umbrella. Labels: India, obsolete Example: […] a Roundel-boy; whose business, is, to walk by his master, and defend him with his Roundel or Umbrella from the heat of the sun.
Word: rondache Part of Speech: noun 1. A circular shield carried by foot soldiers. Example: The roundel or rondache derived its name from its circular figure, it was made of oziers boards of light wood, sinews or ropes, covered with leather, plates of metal, or stuck full of nails in concentric circles or other figures.
Word: pavais Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French pavais, Old French pavaix (see modern French pavois); see pavis for more. 1. Alternative form of pavis. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: The pavais, pavache, or tallevas was a large shield, or rather a portable mantlet, capable of covering a man from head to foot, and probably of sufficient thickness to resist the missive weapons then in use.
Word: pavache Part of Speech: noun 1. A large shield, similar to a pavais. Example: 1786: Pavaches were sometimes supported by props; they were also used at sea to defend the sides of vessels, like the present netting of our ships of war; this defence was called a pavisade, it may be seen in the representation of ancient ships. — Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 27.
Word: tallevas Part of Speech: noun 1. A pavais. Example: The pavais, pavache, or tallevas was a large shield, or rather a portable mantlet, capable of covering a man from head to foot, and probably of sufficient thickness to resist the missive weapons then in use.
Word: pavisor Part of Speech: noun 1. A foot soldier trained in the use of the pavais. Labels: historical Example: In the list of the army that accompanied K. Edward III., to Calais, we find many pavisors, these were probably men trained to the use of the pavais, which must have required dexterity as well as courage.
Word: pavisade Part of Speech: noun 1. A row of shields hung on the side of a ship to protect it at war and discourage boarding by enemies. Example: Pavaches were sometimes supported by props; they were also used at sea to defend the sides of vessels, like the present netting of our ships of war; this defence was called a pavisade, it may be seen in the representation of ancient ships.
Word: bullet train Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Calque from Japanese 弾(だん)丸(がん)列(れっ)車(しゃ) (dangan ressha). 1. A Shinkansen train; a Japanese high-speed rail train. 2. Any high-speed train which resembles such a train.
Word: intrada Part of Speech: noun 1. A piece of music that serves as an introduction. Example: We listened to Telemann's intrada for two flutes.
Word: intrata Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin intrata. 1. A piece of music which serves as an introduction. Example: She likes the intrata from Bach's fifth 'cello suite.
Word: badmash Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani بدمعاش (badm'āś) / बदमाश (badmāś) and its source, Persian بدمعاش (badma'âš), from بد (bad, “bad, evil”) + معاش (ma'âš, “life, livelihood”), ultimately from Arabic عَاشَ (ʕāša, “to live”). Compare lowlife, which is a similar formation in English. Pronunciation: /bʌdˈmɑːʃ/ 1. A rogue, ruffian or miscreant. Labels: British, India, Pakistan, South-Asia Example: ‘However big a badmash one is – if one's happy in consequence, that's some justification.’ Example: Once the five had left for the village, the Dutchman had immediately begun working on the badmash who had stood up to the havildar.
Word: budmash Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of badmash. Labels: India, alt-of, alternative Example: ‘His name,’ said Imam Din, as though the name were part of the crime, ‘is Muhammad Din, and he is a budmash.’
Word: csardas Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Hungarian csárdás, adjectival form of csárda (“tavern”), from Ottoman Turkish چارطاق (çardak, “arbour, summerhouse”), from Persian چارتاق (čârtâq, “four-arch”), from چار (čâr, “four”) + طاق (tâq, “arch”). Pronunciation: /ˈtʃɑːdæʃ/, /ˈzɑːdəs/, /ˈt͡ʃɑɹdɑʃ/ 1. An intricate Hungarian folk dance characterized by variations in tempo. The two main parts are called lassú (slow) and friss (quick). Example: `When you danced the czardas with Admiral Horthy?' 2. The music and melody for such a dance.
Word: dubash Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Hindi दो (do, “two”) + भाषा (bhāṣā, “languages”). 1. An Indian translator or interpreter, particularly in their role as a household steward for British colonizers. Labels: India, historical Example: This I learnt was the captain's dubash, a native man acting as general steward who provides every household article as well as of merchandise, and engages all inferior servants. Example: […] inhabitants complain to him, and as he does not understand the language he is obliged to call for his dubash to interpret what they say; […]
Word: ferash Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Arabic فِرَاش (firāš, “to spread a carpet”). 1. A menial domestic servant responsible for spreading carpets, pitching tents, etc. Labels: obsolete
Word: Kizilbash Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of Qizilbash. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: sabretache Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French sabretache, from German Säbeltasche, from Säbel (“sabre”) and Tasche (“pocket”). Pronunciation: /ˈsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˌtæʃ/, /ˈsæ-/, /-b(ɹ)ə-/ 1. A leather pocket or pouch worn hanging from a cavalry officer’s belt. Labels: historical Example: There were five buttons blown off my dress jacket; the slings of my sabretache were cut off, but my sword belts were not touched. Example: 1896, Letter from Winston Churchill, on Army duty in India, to his mother Two years in Europe—with a campaign thrown in—would I think qualify me to be allowed to beat my sword into a paper cutter & my sabretache into an election address.
Word: beth hamidrash Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Hebrew בית המדרש, from Hebrew בית (bet, “house of”) + המדרש [ ה־ (ha-, “the”) + מדרש (midrash, “Midrash”) ]. 1. A Jewish house of study where the study of the Torah is undertaken.
Word: grazier Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Inherited from Middle English grasiere, from grasen (“to graze”) + -iere (agentive suffix). By surface analysis, graze + -ier. Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹeɪziə(ɹ)/, /ˈɡɹeɪʒə(ɹ)/ 1. One who grazes cattle and/or sheep on a rural property. Labels: UK, historical Example: Graziers on the tablelands are in dire straits because they do not have enough winter feed and will have to keep reducing stock. 2. The owner of a large property on which sheep or cattle graze. Labels: Australia Example: They came ungraciously, but after his dark, bodeful hints as to the necessity of their attending service at the grazier's homestead next day, he was invited inside and a place was cleared for him at the table. Example: As a result of these causes the grazier marks himself off fairly sharply from the rest of Australia. He has always spent a considerable proportion of the time in the capital cities, in each of which he has formed a club to which, besides the graziers, only a few of the wealthiest and most prominent of the city dwellers are admitted.
Word: wees Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of wee Labels: form-of, plural
Word: wees Part of Speech: verb 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of wee Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: orphan Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Late Middle English, from Late Latin orphanus, from Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “without parents, fatherless”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos. PIE word *h₃órbʰos Cognate with Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha), Latin orbus (“orphaned”), Old High German erbi, arbi (German Erbe (“heir”)), Old English ierfa (“heir”). More at erf. Pronunciation: /ˈɔːfən/, /ˈɔɹfən/, /ˈɔːɹfənt/ 1. A person, especially a minor, both or (rarely) one of whose parents have died. Example: Rudolf was the bold, bad Baron of traditional melodrama. Irene was young, as pretty as a picture, fresh from a music academy in England. He was the scion of an ancient noble family; she an orphan without money or friends. 2. A person, especially a minor, whose parents have permanently abandoned them. 3. A young animal with no mother. 4. Anything that is unsupported, as by its source, provider or caretaker, by reason of the supporter's demise or decision to abandon. Labels: figuratively 5. A single line of type, beginning a paragraph, at the bottom of a column or page. 6. Any unreferenced object. Example: An orphan isn't harmful in a language that has garbage collection, such as Java. However, reducing the number of orphans can be expected to improve code performance.
Word: orphan Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Late Middle English, from Late Latin orphanus, from Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “without parents, fatherless”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos. PIE word *h₃órbʰos Cognate with Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha), Latin orbus (“orphaned”), Old High German erbi, arbi (German Erbe (“heir”)), Old English ierfa (“heir”). More at erf. Pronunciation: /ˈɔːfən/, /ˈɔɹfən/, /ˈɔːɹfənt/ 1. Deprived of parents (also orphaned). Labels: not-comparable Example: She is an orphan child. 2. Remaining after the removal of some form of support. Labels: broadly, figuratively, not-comparable Example: With its government funding curtailed, the gun registry became an orphan program.
Word: orphan Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Late Middle English, from Late Latin orphanus, from Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “without parents, fatherless”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos. PIE word *h₃órbʰos Cognate with Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha), Latin orbus (“orphaned”), Old High German erbi, arbi (German Erbe (“heir”)), Old English ierfa (“heir”). More at erf. Pronunciation: /ˈɔːfən/, /ˈɔɹfən/, /ˈɔːɹfənt/ 1. To deprive of parents (used almost exclusively in the passive). Labels: transitive Example: What do you do when you come across two orphaned polar bear cubs? 2. To make unavailable, as by removing the last remaining pointer or reference to. Labels: transitive Example: When you removed that image tag, you orphaned the resized icon. Example: Removing categories orphans pages from the main category tree.
Word: dire Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Latin dīrus (“fearful, ominous”). Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ 1. Warning of bad consequences: ill-boding; portentous. Example: dire omens 2. Requiring action to prevent bad consequences: urgent, pressing. Example: dire need (of) Example: One of the hidden glories of Victorian engineering is proper drains.[…]But out of sight is out of mind. And that, together with the inherent yuckiness of the subject, means that many old sewers have been neglected and are in dire need of repair. 3. Expressing bad consequences: dreadful; dismal. Example: dire consequences; to be in dire straits Example: Cristiana Paşca Palmer, the executive secretary of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, said the destruction of the world’s biggest rainforest was a grim reminder that a fresh approach needed to stabilise the climate and prevent ecosystems from declining to a point of no return, with dire consequences for humanity. 4. Bad in quality, awful, terrible. Labels: UK, slang Example: His dire blunder allowed her to checkmate him with her next move. Example: And, of course, overlooking 1 ... Q-R8 mate, would be a dire mistake. 5. Ferocious and of intimidating appearance, like a dire wolf.
Word: lawnmower Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From lawn + mower. Pronunciation: /ˈlɔːn.məʊ.ə/, /ˈlɔn.moʊ.ɚ/, /ˈlɑn.moʊ.ɚ/ 1. A device used for cutting grass to a chosen height, typically of landscaped lawns of residences or institutions. Example: We replaced our old electric lawnmower with a new cordless one. Example: It is only a small school, but this year the committee has expended £105 in reforming the garden, painting the fences, making a tennis court and lawn, purchasing a lawnmower etc. 2. A person who landscapes and in particular mows lawns. Example: We hired a third lawnmower for the spring and summer. 3. A dance move in which the dancer mimics using a petrol lawn mower by pulling the starter cord and then pushing the mower forwards to the beat of the music.
Word: vortex Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin vortex. Doublet of vertex. Pronunciation: /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ 1. A whirlwind, whirlpool, or similarly moving matter in the form of a spiral or column. Example: An extreme version of vorticity is a vortex. The vortex is a spinning, cyclonic mass of fluid, which can be observed in the rotation of water going down a drain, as well as in smoke rings, tornados and hurricanes. 2. Anything that involves constant violent or chaotic activity around some centre. Labels: figuratively Example: It’s hard to imagine that there is any major American clothing brand that does not have a store in the consumer vortex that is East Hampton; […] Example: Montreal in the summer is a vortex of decadent food, 24-ounce cocktails and carefree people. We reveled in it, danced, swam in fountains. 3. Anything that inevitably draws surrounding things into its current. Labels: figuratively Example: In early youth, the living drama acted around me, drew my heart and soul into its vortex. 4. A supposed collection of particles of very subtle matter, endowed with a rapid rotary motion around an axis which was also the axis of a sun or planet; part of a Cartesian theory accounting for the formation of the universe, and the movements of the bodies composing it. Labels: historical Example: Novv ſhou'd it happen that any of theſe Sun-like Bodies in the Centers of the ſeveral Vortices ſhou'd be ſo incruſtated and vveaken'd, as to be carried about in the Vortex of the true Sun, if it vvere of leſs Solidity, or leſs capable of Motion than the Globules, tovvards the extremity of the Solar Vortex, then it vvou'd deſcend tovvard the Sun, till it met vvith Globules of the ſame Solidity, and capable of the ſame degree of Motion vvith it, and being fixt there, it vvou'd for ever be carried about by the Motion of the Vortex, vvithout either approaching to, or receding from the Sun, and ſo become a Planet. 5. Any of numerous species of small Turbellaria belonging to Vortex and allied genera.
Word: vortex Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin vortex. Doublet of vertex. Pronunciation: /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ 1. To mix using a vortex mixer.
Word: flip-flops Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of flip-flop Labels: form-of, plural
Word: flip-flops Part of Speech: verb 1. third-person singular simple present indicative of flip-flop Labels: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person
Word: polo shirt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From polo + shirt; so called because they were initially modeled on the type of shirt worn from the 1920s by polo players. Pronunciation: /ˈpəʊləʊ ˌʃɜːt/, /ˈpoʊloʊ ˌʃɝt/ 1. A casual, usually short-sleeved, shirt with a protruding collar and a small number of buttons extending a short distance below the collar (and not all the way down the front of the shirt). Example: […] the necessity for yet another place at which to buy a polo shirt or a pair of flip-flops may not be apparent to the town's residents […]
Word: cargo shorts Part of Speech: noun 1. Casual short trousers with pockets, originally designed for outdoor activities. Labels: plural, plural-only Example: The service makes available, during limited weekend hours, a handful of the company's items – cargo shorts, tank tops, and the like – to the Hamptons house guest who discovers that he can't make it to Monday without purchasing one of those weird madras patchwork blazers
Word: tank top Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The upper part of a tank suit worn by female swimmers in modester times when swimming pools were called swimming tanks. 1. An item of casual clothing: a top with no sleeves. Example: The service makes available, during limited weekend hours, a handful of the company's items – cargo shorts, tank tops, and the like – to the Hamptons house guest who discovers that he can't make it to Monday without purchasing one of those weird madras patchwork blazers. 2. The top of a ship's bilge tank, usually the lowest horizontal surface on board.
Word: pre-distressed Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Indo-European *preh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i? Proto-Italic *prai Proto-Italic *prai- Latin prae-lbor. Middle English pre- English pre- English distressed English pre-distressed From pre- + distressed. 1. Already distressed before purchase, artificially made to look worn and old. Labels: colloquial, not-comparable Example: a new pre-distressed J.Crew cap Example: People today love pre-distressed denim for the same reason earlier generations loved singing cowboys. They're beautiful fictions that allow us to live in the most comfortable parts of our past without enduring the pain that truly went along with it.
Word: underdog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér Proto-Indo-European *(H)n̥dʰí Proto-Indo-European *-ér Proto-Indo-European *(H)n̥dʰér Proto-Germanic *under Proto-West Germanic *undar Old English under- Middle English under- English under- Old English [Term?]? Proto-Germanic *-gô Proto-West Germanic *-gō Old English -ga Old English dogga Middle English dogge English dog English underdog From under- + dog. Pronunciation: /ˈʌndəˌdɒɡ/, /ˈʌndɚˌdɔɡ/, /ˈʌndɚˌdɑɡ/ 1. A competitor thought unlikely to win. Example: They were the underdogs in the basketball competition. Example: In Athens, the Americans are underdogs to the Chinese and the Canadians (the Canadians!) 2. Somebody at a disadvantage. Example: Laszlo: Isn't it strange that you always happened to be fighting on the side of the underdog? Rick: Yes. I found that a very expensive hobby, too. But then I never was much of a businessman. 3. A high swing wherein the person pushing the swing runs beneath the swing while the person being pushed is at the forward limit of the arc.
Word: cannonball Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From cannon + ball from being a round ball that is fired from a cannon. Pronunciation: /ˈkænənˌbɔːl/ 1. A spherical projectile fired from a smoothbore cannon. 2. An explosive-filled hollow iron sphere fused through a hole and intended to explode at a calculated distance rather than explode on impact. 3. The act of jumping (typically into a swimming pool) with the legs bent and the arms wrapped around the knees to create a large splash, mimicking the flight and shape of a cannonball. Example: The New Yorker, 30 August 2004, p.40 Example: The cannonball could be called the S.U.V. of the pool — oversized, brash, hormonally hardwired. 4. Something that moves fast, especially a fast train. Labels: figuratively, slang Example: Meetings of the model train club always begin with the song "Wabash Cannonball". 5. A served ball that travels with great speed and describes little or no arc in flight.
Word: cannonball Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From cannon + ball from being a round ball that is fired from a cannon. Pronunciation: /ˈkænənˌbɔːl/ 1. To jump or dive into water, performing a cannonball landing. Labels: intransitive Example: He cannonballed into the pool, drenching us all. 2. To career; to move rapidly. Labels: intransitive Example: The car cannonballed past.
Word: jack-knife Part of Speech: noun 1. A compact folding knife. Example: He kept a jack-knife in his pocket for various tasks. 2. The front-dive pike, in which the body folds and unfolds. Example: It took me hundreds of dives to master even the simple jackknife. 3. An abdominal exercise where knees and torso are raised from a lying position. 4. A semi-trailer truck accident in which the vehicle mimics the closing of a jack-knife. Labels: colloquial Example: I have seen several jack-knives along that dangerous stretch of road. 5. A game of skill played with a pocket knife in which participants try to throw or flip the knife to stick upright in the ground at specified points or areas. Example: Over at the stable, the men joke and drink whiskey, talk crops and play jack-knife […] 6. Alternative spelling of jackknife. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: jack-knife Part of Speech: verb 1. To fold in the middle, as a jackknife does. Example: The cat jackknifed in the air and landed gracefully on its feet. Example: There was a world inside that tall grass. You could plop yourself down in the middle of it with the scraggly stems against the back of your neck and the endless grasses rising up and jackknifing against the bigbluesky, and the ranch and all of its players would fade into a distant dream. 2. To cause a semi-trailer truck to fold like a jackknife in a traffic accident. Labels: colloquial Example: Before I knew what was happening, I'd jack-knifed the truck. Example: Before I knew what was happening, I'd jack-knifed.
Word: dogleg Part of Speech: noun Etymology: The noun is derived from dog + leg, referring to the shape of the hind leg of a dog. The verb is derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈdɒɡlɛɡ/, /ˈdɔɡˌlɛɡ/ 1. Something (such as a canyon or road) with a sharp bend or turn in it. Labels: also, attributive 2. Something (such as a canyon or road) with a sharp bend or turn in it. Labels: also, attributive 3. A single intersection consisting of two opposing T-junctions in close proximity; an intersection with a staggered cross street. Labels: US, also, attributive Example: The Q Street crossing of Wisconsin Avenue is an extreme example of such a location, the dog-leg itself being so long, about 150 feet, that in reality two T intersections exist. Example: At 4th Avenue and Korean Veterans Boulevard, the completion of Gateway Boulevard would correct the existing dog-leg intersection with Franklin Street.