nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: transitive verb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Coined between 1580 and 1590. 1. A verb that is accompanied (either clearly or implicitly) by a direct object in the active voice. It links the action taken by the subject with the object upon which that action is taken. Consequently, transitive verbs can also be used in the passive voice when the direct object of the equivalent active-voice sentence becomes the subject.
Word: adverb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French adverbe, from Latin adverbium, from ad- (“to”) + verb(um) (“word, verb”) + -ium, so called because it is used to supplement other words (not specifically verbs). By surface analysis, ad- + verb. Pronunciation: /ˈæd.vɜːb/, /ˈæd.vɜɹb/ 1. A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses. Labels: abbreviation, adverb Example: manner adverb Example: 322. The parts of speech which are neither declined nor conjugated, are called by the general name of particles. 323. They are adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. 2. In the Raku programming language, a named parameter that modifies the behavior of a routine. Labels: abbreviation, adverb
Word: adverb Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from French adverbe, from Latin adverbium, from ad- (“to”) + verb(um) (“word, verb”) + -ium, so called because it is used to supplement other words (not specifically verbs). By surface analysis, ad- + verb. Pronunciation: /ˈæd.vɜːb/, /ˈæd.vɜɹb/ 1. To make into or become an adverb. Labels: rare Example: Considering these postpositional phrases to be adverbed phrases would be an insufficient analysis, since the postpositions are determined by the verb. Example: Even if, in the case of native speakers of English in particular, bonded adverbed verbs are always understood and used as entities, the different stages of théir formation are probably those I have just described.
Word: transitive Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Latin trānsitīvus, from trānsitus, from trāns (“across”) + itus, from eō (“to go”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɹænzɪtɪv/ 1. Making a transit or passage. Labels: not-comparable Example: For all symbols are fluxional; all language is vehicular and transitive, and is good, as ferries and horses are, for conveyance, not as farms and houses are, for homestead. 2. Affected by transference of signification. Labels: not-comparable Example: By far the greater part of the transitive or derivative applications of words depend on casual and unaccountable caprices of the feelings or the fancy. 3. Taking a direct object or objects. Labels: not-comparable Example: The English verb "to notice" is a transitive verb, because we say things like "She noticed a problem". Example: Men have tried to turn "revolutionise" from a transitive to an intransitive verb. 4. Having the property that if an element a is related to b and b is related to c, then a is necessarily related to c. Labels: not-comparable Example: "Is an ancestor of" is a transitive relation: if Alice is an ancestor of Bob, and Bob is an ancestor of Carol, then Alice is an ancestor of Carol. 5. Such that, for any two elements of the acted-upon set, some group element maps the first to the second. Labels: not-comparable 6. Such that, for any two vertices there exists an automorphism which maps one to the other. Labels: not-comparable 7. Of a set of dice: not having the intransitive property. Labels: not-comparable
Word: transitive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Latin trānsitīvus, from trānsitus, from trāns (“across”) + itus, from eō (“to go”). Pronunciation: /ˈtɹænzɪtɪv/ 1. A transitive verb. Example: This means that subcategorization properties do not allow us to distinguish between transitives and intransitives (both types of verbs are allowed, but not obliged, to take a direct object).
Word: peccaminous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin peccaminōsus, from peccāmen (“sin”), from peccō (“to sin”). Pronunciation: /pəˈkæmɪnəs/ 1. Sinful. Example: a volume of peccaminous pornographical tendency entitled Sweets of Sin.
Word: Esperanto Part of Speech: name Etymology: A learned borrowing from Esperanto Esperanto. Originally, this was the pseudonym assumed by the creator of the language, L. L. Zamenhof, and the language was called Lingvo Internacia (“international language”). The term first appears in the publication Science in 1892. Pronunciation: /ˌɛspəˈɹæntəʊ/, /ˌɛspəˈɹæntoʊ/ 1. An international auxiliary language designed by L. L. Zamenhof. Example: Speakers of toki pona have formed a large online community. On Discord, the largest toki pona community claims approximately 13,000 members (as of February 1, 2024), more than the largest Na’vi community at approximately 9,600 members, the largest Interslavic community at approximately 8,000 members, or the largest Esperanto community at approximately 7,400 members. Example: Other auxlangs of this period include Joseph Schipfer’s Communicationssprache (1839), a simplified version of French; Jean Pirro’s Universalglot (1868), one of the first fully developed auxlangs to integrate linguistic features from multiple languages; and Johann Martin Schleyer’s Volapük (1880), which was the most successful auxlang until Esperanto supplanted it. 2. Anything that is used as a single international medium in place of plural distinct national media. Labels: figuratively Example: The U.S. dollar is the Esperanto of currency. Example: [Compared] to the Esperanto of the Eye, [cinema], [Esperanto's] conquest of the Earth is painfully slow[.]
Word: because Part of Speech: conj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bi Proto-West Germanic *bī Old English bī Middle English by Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causabor. Old French causebor. Middle English cause Middle English bi cause English because From Middle English bi cause, from bi (“by”) + cause, modelled on Old French par cause. Pronunciation: /bɪkəz/, /bɪˈkɒz/, /bɪˈkʌz/, /bɪˈkɔːz/, /bɪˈkɔːs/ 1. By or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that. Example: I hid myself because I was afraid. Example: I was about to say that I had known the Celebrity from the time he wore kilts. But I see I will have to amend that, because he was not a celebrity then, nor, indeed, did he achieve fame until some time after I left New York for the West. 2. As is known, inferred, or determined from the fact that. Example: It must be broken, because I pressed the button and nothing happened. Example: I don't think he is a nice person, because he yells at people for no reason. 3. So that, in order that. Labels: obsolete Example: Simon[…]set the house on fire where he was born, because nobody should point at it.
Word: because Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bi Proto-West Germanic *bī Old English bī Middle English by Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causabor. Old French causebor. Middle English cause Middle English bi cause English because From Middle English bi cause, from bi (“by”) + cause, modelled on Old French par cause. Pronunciation: /bɪkəz/, /bɪˈkɒz/, /bɪˈkʌz/, /bɪˈkɔːz/, /bɪˈkɔːs/ 1. On account, for sake [with of]. Labels: not-comparable Example: My life is ruined because of you! 2. For the reason [with that]. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: And God blessed the seuenth day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his worke, which God created and made.
Word: because Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bi Proto-West Germanic *bī Old English bī Middle English by Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causabor. Old French causebor. Middle English cause Middle English bi cause English because From Middle English bi cause, from bi (“by”) + cause, modelled on Old French par cause. Pronunciation: /bɪkəz/, /bɪˈkɒz/, /bɪˈkʌz/, /bɪˈkɔːz/, /bɪˈkɔːs/ 1. Used alone to refuse to provide a full answer to a question begun with "why", usually taken as an anapodoton of the elided full phrase "Because I said so".
Word: because Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bi Proto-West Germanic *bī Old English bī Middle English by Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causabor. Old French causebor. Middle English cause Middle English bi cause English because From Middle English bi cause, from bi (“by”) + cause, modelled on Old French par cause. Pronunciation: /bɪkəz/, /bɪˈkɒz/, /bɪˈkʌz/, /bɪˈkɔːz/, /bɪˈkɔːs/ 1. On account of, because of. Labels: Internet, colloquial Example: He rejected me because revenge, I guess. Example: It doesn't work because reasons.
Word: World Exposition Part of Speech: noun 1. Any of various large international expositions held since the mid 19th century, often called "Expo".
Word: feist Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Earliest sense is “fart”, and later “stink” as abbreviation for fysting cur “stinking dog” (1520s). From Middle English fysten (mid-15th century), from Old English. Cognate with Middle Dutch veest and Dutch vijst. Possibly from Proto-Germanic *fistiz (“a fart”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *pesd-, though this is disputed. One explanation for the association of farting with small dogs is given in an 1811 slang dictionary, which suggests that the dogs were blamed for farting, specifically defining fice as “a small windy escape backwards, more obvious to the nose than ears; frequently by old ladies charged on their lap-dogs.” Cognate terms include German Fist (“soft fart”), Danish fise (“to blow, to fart”) and Middle English askefise (“bellows”, literally “fire-blower, ash-blower”), from Old Norse; originally “a term of reproach among northern nations for an unwarlike fellow who stayed at home in the chimney corner”. Pronunciation: /faɪst/ 1. A small, snappy, belligerent mixed-breed dog; a feist dog. Labels: US, countable 2. Feisty behavior. Labels: uncountable Example: Sultry Joan Collins says she likes her men feisty and her beau Peter Holm is full of feist. Example: She looked at him, all eagerness and trust, full of feist and fun, unlike any woman he'd met before. After only a few hours, he felt as if he'd known her forever. 3. Silent (but pungent) flatulence. Labels: countable, uncountable, vulgar
Word: noli illegitimi carborundum Part of Speech: phrase Etymology: Humorous pseudo-Latinism, from noli (“do not permit”) [singular] and illegitimi (“bastards”) [in the wrong grammatical case] and from the Latinate brand name Carborundum for a silicon carbide abrasive. The phrase is similar to the real Latin phrase nil desperandum (“do not despair”, literally “nothing to be despaired of”), which would be known to many English speakers. The -rundum ending of carborundum recalls the word desperandum, although such a gerundive suffix makes no sense for this phrase. This form of the saying was popularized in English by the US general "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell during World War II, reputed to have been taught it by British army intelligence. It later became the motto for the 1964 Republican presidential nominee Barry Goldwater, who displayed it as a sign in his senatorial office. The plural form nolite te bastardes carborundum was popularized by Margaret Atwood's 1985 dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale and its subsequent TV adaptation. 1. Don't let the bastards grind you down Labels: humorous
Word: Carborundum Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative letter-case form of carborundum. Labels: alt-of, uncountable
Word: flute Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English fleute, floute, flote, from Old French flaute, fleüte, from Old Provençal flaüt, of uncertain origin. Perhaps ultimately from three possibilities: * Blend of Provencal flaujol (“flageolet”) + laüt (“lute”) * From Latin flātus (“blowing”), from flāre (“to blow”) * Imitative. Doublet of flauta and fluyt. Pronunciation: /flu(ː)t/ 1. A woodwind instrument consisting of a tube with a row of holes that produce sound through vibrations caused by air blown across the edge of the holes, often tuned by plugging one or more holes with a finger; the Western concert flute, a transverse side-blown flute of European origin. Example: The breathing flute's ſoft notes are heard around, / And the ſhril trumpets mix their ſilver ſound; / The vaulted roofs vvith echoing muſic ring, / Theſe touch the vocal ſtops, and thoſe the trembling ſtring. Example: The group played huge drums placed overhead, along with flutes and a kotolike zither. 2. A recorder, also a woodwind instrument. Labels: colloquial 3. A glass with a long, narrow bowl and a long stem, used for drinking wine, especially champagne. Example: These are champagne glasses, says Peggy. No, I mean the tall ones, Jamie says. You're thinking of flutes, says Peggy. These are coupes. 4. A lengthwise groove, such as one of the lengthwise grooves on a classical column, or a groove on a cutting tool (such as a drill bit, endmill, or reamer), which helps to form both a cutting edge and a channel through which chips can escape. 5. A semicylindrical vertical groove, as in a pillar, in plaited cloth, or in a rifle barrel to cut down the weight. 6. A long French bread roll, baguette. 7. An organ stop with a flute-like sound. 8. A shuttle in weaving tapestry etc.
Word: flute Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English fleute, floute, flote, from Old French flaute, fleüte, from Old Provençal flaüt, of uncertain origin. Perhaps ultimately from three possibilities: * Blend of Provencal flaujol (“flageolet”) + laüt (“lute”) * From Latin flātus (“blowing”), from flāre (“to blow”) * Imitative. Doublet of flauta and fluyt. Pronunciation: /flu(ː)t/ 1. To play on a flute. Labels: intransitive 2. To make a flutelike sound. Labels: intransitive Example: The green turf was velvet underfoot. The blackbirds fluted in the hazels there. 3. To utter with a flutelike sound. Labels: transitive Example: “Oh, there's my precious Poppet,” said Phyllis, as a distant barking reached the ears. “He's asking for his dinner, the sweet little angel. All right, darling, Mother's coming,” she fluted, and buzzed off on the errand of mercy. 4. To form flutes or channels in (as in a column, a ruffle, etc.); to cut a semicylindrical vertical groove in (as in a pillar, etc.). Labels: transitive
Word: flute Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Compare French flûte (“a transport”)?, Dutch fluit. Pronunciation: /flu(ː)t/ 1. A kind of flyboat; a storeship.
Word: interwiki Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér Proto-Italic *n̥ter Latin inter Latin inter-bor. English inter- Proto-Polynesian *witi Hawaiian wiki Hawaiian wikiwiki Proto-Indo-European *webʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *webaną Proto-Germanic *wabją Old English webb Middle English web English web English WikiWikiWebclip. English wiki English interwiki From inter- + wiki. Pronunciation: /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈwɪki/ 1. Between wikis. Labels: not-comparable Example: interwiki link
Word: interwiki Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér Proto-Italic *n̥ter Latin inter Latin inter-bor. English inter- Proto-Polynesian *witi Hawaiian wiki Hawaiian wikiwiki Proto-Indo-European *webʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *webaną Proto-Germanic *wabją Old English webb Middle English web English web English WikiWikiWebclip. English wiki English interwiki From inter- + wiki. Pronunciation: /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈwɪki/ 1. An interwiki link.
Word: interwiki Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér Proto-Italic *n̥ter Latin inter Latin inter-bor. English inter- Proto-Polynesian *witi Hawaiian wiki Hawaiian wikiwiki Proto-Indo-European *webʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *webaną Proto-Germanic *wabją Old English webb Middle English web English web English WikiWikiWebclip. English wiki English interwiki From inter- + wiki. Pronunciation: /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈwɪki/ 1. To create interwiki links (hyperlinks between wikis). Example: Any page, not just articles, can be interwikied.
Word: railway Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From rail + way. Pronunciation: /ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/, /ˈɹæɪlˌweɪ/, /ˈɾelˌwe/, /ˈɾeilˌwei/, /ˈɹælˌweɪ/ 1. A transport system using rails used to move passengers or goods. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, UK Example: That the young Mr. Churchills liked—but they did not like him coming round of an evening and drinking weak whisky-and-water while he held forth on railway debentures and corporation loans. Mr. Barrett, however, by fawning and flattery, seemed to be able to make not only Mrs. Churchill but everyone else do what he desired. 2. A track, consisting of parallel rails, over which wheeled vehicles such as trains may travel. Labels: Commonwealth, Ireland, Philippines, UK Example: His interest in railways is not the quality that marks Pearson out. Everyone was interested in railways. Over a thousand miles of them opened between 1837 and 1845, most of what would become the national network. [...] You needed an Act of Parliament to build a railway; but that wasn't very hard to obtain if you could give the appearance of adequately funded competence.
Word: woodwind Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From wood + wind. Pronunciation: /ˈwʊdwɪnd/ 1. Any (typically wooden) musical instrument that produces sound by the player blowing into it, through a reed, or across an opening. Woodwind instruments include the recorder, flute, piccolo, clarinet, oboe, cor anglais and bassoon. Example: The seven-member Bell Orchestre was indeed a miniorchestra, with strings, brass, woodwinds and percussion along with occasional guitar and analog electronic noise. Example: The graceful, otherworldly sounds on which the first movement was built gave way to sharply articulated, dissonantly blaring woodwind and brass chords, and eventually to a mechanistic passage that combined rumbling low notes and a steady, searing high pitch.
Word: tighten Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Synchronically equivalent to tight + -en, but actually derived from Middle English tighten, from Old English tyhtan, thus originally unrelated to tight (Old English *þiht). Pronunciation: /ˈtaɪ.tən/, [ˈtʰaɪ̯tn̩], [ˈtʰaɪ̯ʔn̩] 1. To make tighter. Labels: transitive Example: Please tighten that screw a quarter-turn. Example: Just where I please, with tighten;d rein / I'll urge thee round the dusty plain. 2. To become tighter. Labels: intransitive Example: That joint is tightening as the wood dries. 3. To make money harder to borrow or obtain. Example: If the government doesn't tighten the money supply, inflation is certain to be harsh. 4. To raise short-term interest rates. Example: The Fed is expected to tighten by a quarter-point.
Word: peso Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- Proto-Indo-European *(s)péndeti Proto-Italic *pendō Latin pendō Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-sos Latin -sus Proto-Indo-European *-om Proto-Italic *-om Latin -um Latin -sum Latin pēnsum Vulgar Latin *pēsum Old Spanish peso Spanish pesobor. English peso Borrowed from Spanish peso. Pronunciation: /ˈpeɪsəʊ/, /ˈpɛso/ 1. A former unit of currency in Spain and Spain's colonies, worth 8 reales; the Spanish dollar. Labels: historical 2. The circulating currency of various Spanish-speaking American countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, and Uruguay) and the Philippines. Example: The value of the peso has plummeted 858% against the US dollar over the past five years as the central bank printed more of the currency to help the country’s spendthrift government avoid defaulting on its debts. […] To dollarize its economy, Argentina would need to exchange all pesos held by its people and businesses for US dollars, and assign a dollar value to all of its assets and contracts.
Word: centavo Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Spanish or Portuguese. Pronunciation: /sɛnˈtɑːvoʊ/ 1. Currency unit (hundredth of a peso) in Mexico. 2. A similar subdenomination of various other currencies (in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mozambique, Nicaragua, and the Philippines). 3. The former subdenomination of some other currencies (in Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal, Puerto Rico, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Venezuela). Labels: historical
Word: billion Part of Speech: num Etymology: From French billion, equivalent to bi- (“two”) + -illion. Pronunciation: /ˈbɪljən/, /ˈbɪ(l)jən/ 1. Either of two large amounts: Labels: US Example: At the last assessment it [the national debt] amounts to seven billion pounds (£7,000,000,000). Example: In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result. 2. Either of two large amounts: Labels: dated Example: n = 1,000,000,000,000, that is, = a billion, or the square of a million Example: There is a bill to be picked up for cleaning the former Soviet countries of £1 billion. By that I mean a British billion, because when I was little I was told that a billion was a million million and then the Americans said that it was a thousand million. Well, I am talking about a million million pounds worth of clean-up to be done. 3. An unspecified very large number. Labels: colloquial, excessive Example: Near-synonyms: gazillion; see also Thesaurus:zillion Example: There were billions of people at the concert.
Word: trillion Part of Speech: num Etymology: Borrowed from French trillion, from French tri- (“three”) + -illion, equivalent to tri- + -illion. The noun was coined by American basketball player Harvey Pollack, because of the way the numbers read across a basketball box score. Pronunciation: /ˈtɹɪljən/, /ˈtɹɪ(l)jən/ 1. Either of two large amounts: Labels: Australia, UK, US, modern Example: Javik: Stand in the ashes of a trillion dead souls and ask the ghosts if honor matters. Their silence is your answer. Example: Data published by the Treasury Department showed that “total public debt outstanding” rose to $34.001 trillion on December 29. 2. Either of two large amounts: Labels: Australia, UK, dated 3. An unspecified very large number. Labels: colloquial, excessive Example: Near-synonyms: gazillion; see also Thesaurus:zillion Example: There were trillions of people at the concert.
Word: trillion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French trillion, from French tri- (“three”) + -illion, equivalent to tri- + -illion. The noun was coined by American basketball player Harvey Pollack, because of the way the numbers read across a basketball box score. Pronunciation: /ˈtɹɪljən/, /ˈtɹɪ(l)jən/ 1. A statistic formed by a player playing some number of minutes, but recording no stats. Labels: slang
Word: epizootic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French épizootique, animal equivalent of epidemic, from épizootie, irregularly formed from Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí) + ζῷον (zōîon, “animal”). By surface analysis, epi- + zo- + -otic. Use of the word in the second sense, "an ailment", was likely originally a reference to a particular epizootic ailment. Both senses are attested since at least the 1800s, and the pronunciation with five syllables is explicitly attested since then as well. Dialectal pronunciation of the second sense with four syllables is attested since at least the 1910s in spellings like "epizudic" and is suggested by 1870s references to a shortened form of the word, "zooty". Pronunciation: /ɛpɪ.zəˈwɒtɪk/, /ɛpɪ.zoʊˈɒtɪk/, /ɛpɪˈzuːdɪk/ 1. An occurrence of a disease or disorder in a population of non-human animals at a frequency higher than that expected in a given time period. Example: At the same time as an epidemic of the flu broke out among the people, an epizootic of the swine flu broke out among their pigs. Example: […]but it can be asserted with confidence that Natal will for some years yet be free from the possibility of an invasion of the disease to the same degree as the epizootic of 1896 and 1897. 2. A particular epizootic disease. Example: A surgeon in the town has also informed me, that a person requested him to prescribe for some lambs affected with the epizootic, and he gave them Epsom salts and opium, with, as he said, very good effect. 3. A disease or ailment (of humans). Labels: dialectal, humorous, in-plural, often Example: Johnny's not doing so well today, I think he caught the epizootic. Example: Last fall, when Dad had the Epizootic; no, I don't mean that, tho I did think he had em, but when the Chicargar hosses got the Epizootic, Dad got all fired mad caus that xpressman didn't cum round to move the rest of our traps.
Word: epizootic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French épizootique, animal equivalent of epidemic, from épizootie, irregularly formed from Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí) + ζῷον (zōîon, “animal”). By surface analysis, epi- + zo- + -otic. Use of the word in the second sense, "an ailment", was likely originally a reference to a particular epizootic ailment. Both senses are attested since at least the 1800s, and the pronunciation with five syllables is explicitly attested since then as well. Dialectal pronunciation of the second sense with four syllables is attested since at least the 1910s in spellings like "epizudic" and is suggested by 1870s references to a shortened form of the word, "zooty". Pronunciation: /ɛpɪ.zəˈwɒtɪk/, /ɛpɪ.zoʊˈɒtɪk/, /ɛpɪˈzuːdɪk/ 1. Like or having to do with an epizootic: a widespread outbreak of disease among nonhuman animals. Example: Epizootic plague occurred in the mice following introduction of rats from Europe. Example: As much attention is being drawn to the subject of epizootic abortion in bovines, [...] 2. Containing fossils. Labels: rare Example: Hence their primary division is into primeval and secondary or Epizootic. And the epizootic mountains are still farther distinguishable into original and derivative. 3. Relating to epizoa; epizoic.
Word: libero Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Italian libero (literally “free one”). So called because he has no direct opponent to mark and is therefore free to join in the offensive. The volleyball use is younger. Pronunciation: /ˈlɪbəɹəʊ/, /ˈlɪbəɹoʊ/, /lɪˈbɛɹoʊ/ 1. A central defender to whom no forward is assigned for marking, forming the last line of defence and often initiating the offensive play. Example: Nicknamed “Der Kaiser”, Beckenbauer was as elegant as he was dominant, and such was his assurance in possession that he came to master the modern sweeper role, or libero. More so, he is credited with creating it. 2. A designated back-row player intended to be used as a ball-control specialist.
Word: morpheme Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French morphème. Ultimately from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, form”). By surface analysis, morph + -eme. Pronunciation: /ˈmɔː.fiːm/, /ˈmɔɹ.fim/, /ˈmoː.fiːm/ 1. The smallest linguistic unit within a word that can carry a meaning. It may be a letter, a syllable, or otherwise. Example: Just as a regiment is ultimately made up of soldiers, so the sentence is of morphemes—they are its ultimate constituents. Example: There is therefore a natural tendency in both American and European structural linguistics to insist that the word should be syntactically decomposed. For writers such as Hockett (1958), or for that matter the early Chomsky (1957), the indivisible unit of grammar was the morpheme, and the relationship of morpheme to morpheme within the word […] was to be handled no differently from that of word to word in any larger structure.
Word: tetrachromat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres Proto-Hellenic *kʷétwores Ancient Greek τέσσᾰρες (téssăres) Ancient Greek τετρᾰ- (tetră-)bor. English tetra- English chromatic English tetrachromat From tetra- + chromatic. 1. One who is capable of identifying four primary colors; one whose vision exhibits tetrachromacy. Example: Blood on the berries―red on red―but to you, a tetrachromat, the two reds are distinctive.
Word: eight Part of Speech: num Etymology: PIE word *oḱtṓw Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw Proto-Germanic *ahtōu Proto-West Germanic *ahtō Old English eahta Middle English eighte English eight From Middle English eighte, aught, eahte, ahte, from Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw. Cognate with Scots aucht (“eight”), West Frisian acht (“eight”), Dutch acht (“eight”), Low German acht (“eight”), German acht (“eight”), Norwegian åtte (“eight”), Swedish åtta (“eight”), Icelandic átta (“eight”), Latin octo (“eight”), Ancient Greek ὀκτώ (oktṓ), Irish ocht (“eight”), among others. False cognate of Tamil எட்டு (eṭṭu), Malayalam എട്ട് (eṭṭŭ). Pronunciation: /eɪt/, /eʈ/, /ɛ(j)ʈ/ 1. A numerical value equal to 8; the number occurring after seven and before nine. Example: Jon & Kate Plus 8 is a show based on two facts: 1) Jon and Kate Gosselin have eight children, and 2) the word ‘Kate’ rhymes with the word ‘eight’. One suspects that if Kate were ever to have another child, a shady network executive would urge her to put it in a binbag with a brick and drop it down a well. But this is just a horrifying tangent. Example: The statement did not specify the location of that trip, but provided further details of her romantic life, stating that Saroukos and her husband spent eight days together before she returned to Australia on Dec. 21. 2. Describing a group or set with eight elements. Example: He works eight hours a day.
Word: eight Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *oḱtṓw Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw Proto-Germanic *ahtōu Proto-West Germanic *ahtō Old English eahta Middle English eighte English eight From Middle English eighte, aught, eahte, ahte, from Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw. Cognate with Scots aucht (“eight”), West Frisian acht (“eight”), Dutch acht (“eight”), Low German acht (“eight”), German acht (“eight”), Norwegian åtte (“eight”), Swedish åtta (“eight”), Icelandic átta (“eight”), Latin octo (“eight”), Ancient Greek ὀκτώ (oktṓ), Irish ocht (“eight”), among others. False cognate of Tamil எட்டு (eṭṭu), Malayalam എട്ട് (eṭṭŭ). Pronunciation: /eɪt/, /eʈ/, /ɛ(j)ʈ/ 1. The digit/figure 8. 2. Any of the four cards in a normal deck with the value eight. 3. A light, narrow rowing boat, especially one used in competitive rowing, steered by a cox, in which eight rowers each have two oars. 4. A race in which such craft participate. Labels: especially, plural 5. The eight people who crew a rowing-boat. 6. Eight o'clock. Example: About eight on the Saturday morning, she purchases a large sheath-knife in the Palais Royal [...] Example: Sharp at eight we were waiting on the wharf where the Messagerie boats lie, and wondering what the deuce was going to happen.
Word: eight Part of Speech: adj Etymology: PIE word *oḱtṓw Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw Proto-Germanic *ahtōu Proto-West Germanic *ahtō Old English eahta Middle English eighte English eight From Middle English eighte, aught, eahte, ahte, from Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw. Cognate with Scots aucht (“eight”), West Frisian acht (“eight”), Dutch acht (“eight”), Low German acht (“eight”), German acht (“eight”), Norwegian åtte (“eight”), Swedish åtta (“eight”), Icelandic átta (“eight”), Latin octo (“eight”), Ancient Greek ὀκτώ (oktṓ), Irish ocht (“eight”), among others. False cognate of Tamil எட்டு (eṭṭu), Malayalam എട്ട് (eṭṭŭ). Pronunciation: /eɪt/, /eʈ/, /ɛ(j)ʈ/ 1. Obsolete spelling of eighth. Labels: alt-of, not-comparable, obsolete
Word: eight Part of Speech: noun Etymology: See ait. 1. Alternative spelling of ait (island in a river) Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: nine Part of Speech: num Etymology: PIE word *h₁néwn̥ From Middle English nyn, nyne, from Old English nigon (“nine”), from Proto-West Germanic *neun, from Proto-Germanic *newun (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”). Cognate with Scots neen, nine (“nine”), Saterland Frisian njúgen (“nine”), West Frisian njoggen (“nine”), Dutch negen (“nine”), German Low German negen (“nine”), German neun (“nine”), Danish ni (“nine”), Swedish nio (“nine”), Icelandic níu (“nine”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun, “nine”), Latin novem (“nine”), Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa, “nine”), Sanskrit नव (náva, “nine”). Pronunciation: /naɪn/, [naɪ̯n] 1. A numerical value equal to 9; the number following eight and preceding ten. Example: Would they want me to vote my conscience or would they want us to unanimously go the whole nine yards, declare him sane and possibly have the trial end up in a death sentence? Example: Of course, for a number to have a biography, we need to assume that none of its digits are present more than nine times. 2. Describing a group or set with nine elements. Example: A cat has nine lives.
Word: nine Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *h₁néwn̥ From Middle English nyn, nyne, from Old English nigon (“nine”), from Proto-West Germanic *neun, from Proto-Germanic *newun (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”). Cognate with Scots neen, nine (“nine”), Saterland Frisian njúgen (“nine”), West Frisian njoggen (“nine”), Dutch negen (“nine”), German Low German negen (“nine”), German neun (“nine”), Danish ni (“nine”), Swedish nio (“nine”), Icelandic níu (“nine”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun, “nine”), Latin novem (“nine”), Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa, “nine”), Sanskrit नव (náva, “nine”). Pronunciation: /naɪn/, [naɪ̯n] 1. The digit or figure 9. Example: Indeed, if a number does not have nines, you can remove or add zeroes at the end of a biography to get another biography of the same number. 2. A playing card with nine pips. 3. A nine-millimeter semi-automatic pistol. Example: Hiro risks turning on a small flashlight, uses it to rummage around the yatcht, picking up valuable stuff: a few bottles of (presumably) drinkable water, some food, extra ammunition for his nine. 4. A statistical unit of proportion (of reliability, purity, etc.). Labels: plural-normally Example: They guaranteed that our Web site would have 99.99% uptime, or four nines. 5. A baseball club, team, or lineup (composed of nine players). Example: The St. Louis club is the only nine in the league which gives its patrons the right to see a full game or no pay.
Word: ten Part of Speech: num Etymology: PIE word *déḱm̥ From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen. Pronunciation: /tɛn/, [tʰɛn], /tɪn/, /ten/ 1. The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X. Example: There is a melody upon the Earth as though ten thousand streams all sang together for their homes that they had forsaken in the hills. Example: A ten frame is a simple graphic tool that allows people to “see” numbers.
Word: ten Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *déḱm̥ From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen. Pronunciation: /tɛn/, [tʰɛn], /tɪn/, /ten/ 1. A set or group with ten elements. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: We divided the chocolates into tens to hand out to Hallowe'en visitors. Example: They can readily state the number of tens in a hundred. But somehow they do not have a full appreciation of the "tenness" of our system and how the system is structured. 2. An inexact quantity, typically understood to be between 20 and 100. Labels: countable, in-plural, uncountable Example: Our houses are tens of meters apart, so we don't have to worry about noise from our neighbours. Example: tens of thousands of voters 3. A card in a given suit with a value of ten. Labels: countable 4. A denomination of currency, such as a banknote, with a value of ten units. Labels: countable Example: Can you give me two tens for this twenty? 5. A perfect specimen, (particularly) a physically attractive person. Labels: US, countable, slang Example: I was in the Woodley Park–Zoo in D.C. and mom and sister were waiting to see the pandas, so me and my pops broke away to check out the monkey house. Well, there was a beautiful teacher, I mean we're talking a ten, she was blond, had a low-cut dress on, just gorgeous. And she has about eight or nine students and she's pointing out all the different monkeys. And me and my dad noticed this huge orangutan kind of fiddling with himself. And on close [censored] And we kept checking it out and he was looking directly at the teacher. Well, a couple minutes passed by [censored] he proceeds to [censored] that's when the teacher noticed and, you know, took the kids away very hurriedly. But I looked at my dad and said, you know, they're so much like us. Example: An Office Ten is a person who falls somewhere between average to mildly good-looking in the world at large but skyrockets to wildly attractive within the confines of an open-concept desk plan. 6. A high level of intensity. Labels: US, countable, slang Example: "Intensities in 10 Cities" Example: ... Marty Di Bergi (Rob Reiner): "Why don't you just make ten louder, and make ten be the top number?" Nigel Tufnel (Christopher Guest): "These go to eleven." 7. The act of rowing ten strokes flat out. Labels: countable Example: At the 1,000-metres post we gave a ten, which raised our lead to 1⅔ lengths; the Belgians were rowing hard, but one felt that they still had plenty of spurting power. Example: Morris gave a ten, and an unbelievable surge ran through the boat, one that I had never felt before.
Word: singular Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English singuler, from Old French, from Latin singulāris (“alone of its kind”), from Latin singulus (“single”). Pronunciation: /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/, /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ 1. Being only one of a larger population; single, individual. Example: A singular experiment cannot be regarded as scientific proof of the existence of a phenomenon. Example: And God forbid that all a company / Should rue a singular manne's folly. 2. Being the only one of the kind; unique. Example: She has a singular personality. Example: The busts[…] of the emperors and empresses are all very scarce, and some of them almost singular in their kind. 3. Distinguished by superiority: peerless, unmatched, eminent, exceptional, extraordinary. Example: a man of singular gravity or attainments 4. Out of the ordinary; curious. Example: It was very singular; I don't know why he did it. Example: So ſingular a ſadneſs / Muſt have a cauſe as ſtrange as the effect: […] 5. Referring to only one thing or person. 6. Having no inverse. 7. Having the property that the matrix of coefficients of the new variables has a determinant equal to zero. 8. Not equal to its own cofinality. 9. Each; individual. Example: to convey several parcels of land, all and singular Example: Cel[adon]. […] Hovv do Meliſſa’s tvvo fair Daughters? / Aſt[eria]. VVhen you tell me vvhich of ’em you are in love vvith, I’le anſvver you. / Cel. VVhich of ’em, naughty ſiſter, vvhat a question’s there? VVith both of ’em, vvith each and singular of ’em. 10. Engaged in by only one on a side; single. Labels: obsolete Example: Thus made he an end, and the two princes allowed well of his last motion, and so order was taken, that they should fight togither in a singular combat
Word: singular Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English singuler, from Old French, from Latin singulāris (“alone of its kind”), from Latin singulus (“single”). Pronunciation: /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/, /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ 1. A form of a word that refers to only one person or thing. 2. That which is not general; a specific determinate instance.
Word: grok Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Coined by American author and aeronautical engineer Robert A. Heinlein in 1961 in his novel Stranger in a Strange Land. Heinlein invented the word for his fictitious Martian language. It is described as meaning “to drink” and, figuratively, “to drink in all available aspects of reality”, “to become one with the observed”. William Tenn later asked Heinlein if it could have been inspired by the term griggo, which featured in Tenn's Venus and the Seven Sexes (1949); Heinlein “looked startled, then thought about it for a long time (and) shrugged, (saying) ‘It's possible, very possible.’” Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹɒk/, /ˈɡɹɑk/ 1. To understand (something) intuitively, to know (something) without having to think intellectually. Labels: slang, transitive Example: I do not grok all fullness of what I read. In the history written by Master William Shakespeare I found myself full of happiness at the death of Romeo. Then I read on and learned that he had discorporated too soon – or so I thought I grokked. Why? Example: In his movie—right right right—and they all grok over that. Grok―and then it's clear, without anybody having to say it. 2. To fully and completely understand something in all of its details and intricacies. Labels: slang, transitive Example: I finally grok Perl. Example: I find it exceedingly doubtful that any person groks quantum mechanics.
Word: gnosis Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃tisder. Ancient Greek γνῶσῐς (gnôsĭs)der. English gnosis Derived from Ancient Greek γνῶσῐς (gnôsĭs, “knowledge”). Pronunciation: /ˈnəʊ.sɪs/ 1. An immanent form of knowledge or transcendent insight, such as sought by the Gnostics. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The act or process of knowing in general. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. An altered state of awareness in which the will is magically effective. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: bumf Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of bumfodder. Pronunciation: /bʌmf/ 1. Useless papers; now especially official documents, standardized forms, sales and marketing print material, etc. Labels: derogatory, uncountable Example: And as for the limited warnings on documents and signs – we are so used to reading this bumf we fail to realise when they mean business. Example: In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result. If the bumf arrived electronically, the take-up rate was 0.1%. And for online adverts the “conversion” into sales was a minuscule 0.01%. 2. Toilet paper. Labels: Ireland, UK, obsolete, uncountable
Word: crap Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Old Dutch krappender. Old French crappe Middle French crapebor. Middle English crappe English crap From Middle English crappe, also in plural: crappys, craps (“chaff; buckwheat”), from Middle French crape, from Old French crappe, crapin (“chaff”) (compare Medieval Latin crappa pl, also crapinum), from Old Dutch krappen (“to cut off, pluck off”) (whence Middle Dutch crappe, crap (“a chop, cutlet”), whence Dutch krip (“a steak”)). Related to crop. Pronunciation: /kɹæp/ 1. The husk of grain; chaff. Labels: obsolete, uncountable, usually 2. Something worthless or of poor quality; junk. Labels: mildly, slang, uncountable, usually, vulgar Example: The long-running game show went from offering good prizes to crap in no time. Example: "My wife and I have asked a crowd of craps To come and waste their time and ours: perhaps You'd care to join us?" 3. Nonsense; something untrue. Labels: mildly, slang, uncountable, usually, vulgar Example: The college student boasted of completing a 10,000-word essay on Shakespeare, but that claim was utter crap. Example: 'Be seeing you.' 'Crap,' said the negro with conviction. 'Get goin'.' 4. Feces. Labels: mildly, slang, uncountable, usually, vulgar Example: I stepped in some dog crap that was on the sidewalk. 5. An act of defecation. Labels: countable, mildly, slang, usually, vulgar Example: I have to take a crap.
Word: crap Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Old Dutch krappender. Old French crappe Middle French crapebor. Middle English crappe English crap From Middle English crappe, also in plural: crappys, craps (“chaff; buckwheat”), from Middle French crape, from Old French crappe, crapin (“chaff”) (compare Medieval Latin crappa pl, also crapinum), from Old Dutch krappen (“to cut off, pluck off”) (whence Middle Dutch crappe, crap (“a chop, cutlet”), whence Dutch krip (“a steak”)). Related to crop. Pronunciation: /kɹæp/ 1. To defecate. Labels: intransitive, mildly, slang, vulgar Example: That soup tasted funny, and now I need to crap. Example: 'Well, the case is all yours,' said Binswanger grudgingly. 'But the Commissioner sure don't like having this bastard crappin' away on his own front doorstep while Mr Hoover sits down in Washington well to leeward of the stink. Why don't we pull him in on tax evasion or misuse of the mails or parkin' in front of a hydrant or sumpn? Take him down to the Tombs and give 'em the works? If the Feds won't do it, we'd be glad to oblige.' 2. To defecate in or on (clothing etc.). Labels: mildly, slang, transitive, vulgar Example: He almost crapped his pants from fright. 3. To bullshit. Labels: India, mildly, slang, transitive, vulgar Example: Don't try to crap me: I know you're lying.
Word: crap Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Old Dutch krappender. Old French crappe Middle French crapebor. Middle English crappe English crap From Middle English crappe, also in plural: crappys, craps (“chaff; buckwheat”), from Middle French crape, from Old French crappe, crapin (“chaff”) (compare Medieval Latin crappa pl, also crapinum), from Old Dutch krappen (“to cut off, pluck off”) (whence Middle Dutch crappe, crap (“a chop, cutlet”), whence Dutch krip (“a steak”)). Related to crop. Pronunciation: /kɹæp/ 1. Of poor quality. Labels: colloquial, mildly, vulgar Example: I drove an old crap car for ten years before buying a new one.
Word: crap Part of Speech: intj Etymology: Etymology tree Old Dutch krappender. Old French crappe Middle French crapebor. Middle English crappe English crap From Middle English crappe, also in plural: crappys, craps (“chaff; buckwheat”), from Middle French crape, from Old French crappe, crapin (“chaff”) (compare Medieval Latin crappa pl, also crapinum), from Old Dutch krappen (“to cut off, pluck off”) (whence Middle Dutch crappe, crap (“a chop, cutlet”), whence Dutch krip (“a steak”)). Related to crop. Pronunciation: /kɹæp/ 1. Expression of worry, fear, shock, surprise, disgust, annoyance, or dismay. Labels: mildly, slang, vulgar Example: Oh crap! The other driver's going to hit my car! Example: Crap! I lost the game.
Word: crap Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From crab's eyes. Pronunciation: /kɹæp/ 1. A losing throw of 2, 3, or 12 in craps. 2. Attributive form of craps. Labels: attributive, form-of Example: To test the possibility that her husband’s luck was indestructible, Mary went to the crap tables and made a small bet. Example: I step up to the least-crowded crap table, taking my place to the right of a country-and-western-type stickwoman with tightly permed blond hair who looks as if she would be more comfortable dressed in the square-dance outfit of the Frontier than wearing the chinoiserie, or maybe the japonaiserie, of her purple kimono uniform.
Word: everybody Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From every + body. Pronunciation: /ˈɛvɹiɪbɒdi/, /-bə-/, /ˈɛvɹiˌbɑdi/, /ˈɛvɹi(ˌ)bədi/, /-vɹə-/ 1. All people. Labels: indefinite, pronoun Example: Does everybody have their ticket(s) at hand? Example: Selwyn, sitting up rumpled and cross-legged on the floor, after having boloed Drina to everybody's exquisite satisfaction, looked around at the sudden rustle of skirts to catch a glimpse of a vanishing figure—a glimmer of ruddy hair and the white curve of a youthful face, half-buried in a muff.