nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: pyrite Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ Proto-Hellenic *pāwər Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr) Proto-Indo-European *-tósder. Ancient Greek -της (-tēs)der. Ancient Greek -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs) Ancient Greek πῠρῑ́της (pŭrī́tēs)bor. Latin pȳritēsder. Old French pyriteder. English pyrite Recorded since 1555, from Old French pyrite (12th century), from Latin pȳritēs, from Ancient Greek πυρίτης λίθος (purítēs líthos, “stone of fire, flint”) (so called because it glitters), notably the first part: adjective πυρίτης (purítēs, “of or in fire”), from πῦρ (pûr, “fire”). Analyzable as pyr- + -ite Pronunciation: /ˈpaɪˌɹaɪt/ 1. The common mineral iron disulfide (FeS₂), of a pale brass-yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the isometric system. Example: The pyrite output in 1961 was 1.2 million tons, derived mainly from the Hsiang Shan mine in Anhwei and the Ying-te mine in Kwangtung. Example: China's 13 large foreign fertilizer plants ordered a few years ago are all scheduled to be in operation in a year or two.[…]China's biggest pyrite mine (openpit), being built in Yunfu, Kwangtung Province, was near completion. 2. Any metallic-looking sulphide, such as the above, which is the most common. Labels: usually 3. (usually as a plural: pyrites) Any metal dichalcogenide that is isostructural to the common mineral. Example: Copper diselenide can occur both as a marcasite and a pyrite.
Word: quahog Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Most often thought to be from Narragansett poquaûhock (“hard clam”), or perhaps from pohkeni (“dark”) + hogki (“shell”). Alternatively from Mohegan-Pequot p'quaghhaug (“hard clam”) or another Algonquian language. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.hɒɡ/, /ˈkwɔ.hɔɡ/ 1. An edible clam with a hard shell found along the Atlantic Coast of North America, from species Mercenaria mercenaria, formerly Venus mercenaria. 2. An edible clam with a hard shell found along the Atlantic Coast of North America, from species Mercenaria mercenaria, formerly Venus mercenaria. 3. A similar edible clam, of species Arctica islandica, found along coasts around the North Atlantic, generally in deeper waters.
Word: quahog Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Most often thought to be from Narragansett poquaûhock (“hard clam”), or perhaps from pohkeni (“dark”) + hogki (“shell”). Alternatively from Mohegan-Pequot p'quaghhaug (“hard clam”) or another Algonquian language. Pronunciation: /ˈkəʊ.hɒɡ/, /ˈkwɔ.hɔɡ/ 1. To dig for quahogs. Labels: intransitive
Word: quasar Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of quasi- + stellar, from quasi-stellar radio source. Coined by American astrophysicist Hong-Yee Chiu in 1964 in an article in Physics Today. By surface analysis, quasi- + -ar. Pronunciation: /ˈkweɪ.zɑː/, /ˈkweɪ.zɑɹ/ 1. An extragalactic object, starlike in appearance, that is among the most luminous and (putatively) the most distant objects in the universe.
Word: quip Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From a shortening of earlier quippy, perhaps from Latin quippe (“indeed”), ultimately quid (“what”). Pronunciation: /kwɪp/, [kʰw̥ɪp] 1. A smart, sarcastic turn or jest; a taunt; a severe retort or comeback; a gibe. Example: Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles. Example: He was full of joke and jest, / But all his merry quips are o'er.
Word: quip Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From a shortening of earlier quippy, perhaps from Latin quippe (“indeed”), ultimately quid (“what”). Pronunciation: /kwɪp/, [kʰw̥ɪp] 1. To make a quip. Labels: intransitive Example: In an eerily prescient bit, Kent Brockman laughingly quips that if seventy degree weather in the winter is the Gashouse Effect in action, he doesn’t mind one bit. Example: Now, faults can be diagnosed remotely and (in many cases) fixed before the train even reaches the depot. "It's our version of Formula 1 telemetry," quips Hinze. "It is similar for us to how a pit crew in Formula 1 can understand an issue as the car is coming into the pits - because it has that data to hand already. You know what's wrong before it arrives." 2. To taunt; to mock with quips. Labels: transitive Example: the more he laughs, and does her closely quip Example: He did not really mind being quipped; the city gentlemen made him used to that sort of thing.
Word: quirt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Spanish cuerda (“cord”), or Mexican Spanish cuarta (“whip”). Pronunciation: /kwɜːt/, /kwɚt/ 1. A rawhide whip plaited with two thongs of buffalo hide. Example: He sprang into the saddle easily as a bird, got the quirt from the horn, and gave his pony a slash with it. Example: He paused a moment and flicked a sage-brush with his quirt.
Word: quirt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Spanish cuerda (“cord”), or Mexican Spanish cuarta (“whip”). Pronunciation: /kwɜːt/, /kwɚt/ 1. To strike with a quirt.
Word: quod Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Abbreviation of quadrangle; originally (17th century) referring to the quadrangles of Newgate Prison, London. Pronunciation: /kwɑd/, /kwɒd/ 1. A quadrangle or court, as of a prison; a prison. Labels: countable Example: 1863, Punch, quoted in 1995, Seán McConville, English Local Prisons, 1860-1900: Next Only to Death, page 69, […] not the poorer classes merely, but the rich will be desirous to enjoy the mingled luxury and comfort of a gaol: and we shall hear of blasé Swells become burglars and garotters as a prelude to a prison, and, instead of taking tours for restoration of their health, recruiting it more cheaply by a residence in quod. Example: […]and declined their escort, desiring to be conducted to “quod” by the gallant South Australian police,[…]. 2. Confinement in a prison. Labels: Australia, slang, uncountable Example: c. 1894, Acquaintance of Norman Lindsay, quoted in 2005, James Cockington, Banned: Tales From the Bizarre History of Australian Obscenity, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, paperback →ISBN, page 7, I don′t suppose you'll get more than a couple of months′ quod for them.
Word: quod Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Abbreviation of quadrangle; originally (17th century) referring to the quadrangles of Newgate Prison, London. Pronunciation: /kwɑd/, /kwɒd/ 1. To confine in prison. Labels: archaic, slang Example: An intelligent costermonger, who was with me when I saw the two brothers, told me that “a costermonger would rather be thought to have come out of prison than out of a workhouse,” for his “mates” would say, if they heard he had been locked up, “O, he’s only been quodded for pitching into a crusher.”
Word: quod Part of Speech: verb Pronunciation: /kwɑd/, /kwɒd/ 1. Quoth. Labels: obsolete Example: “Why,” quod her friend, “would ye not willingly have gone with your company, if God should so have suffered it?” Example: “And therefore I have granted to their request,” quod the King;[…].
Word: rabat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from French rabat. Pronunciation: /ɹəˈbæt/ 1. A polishing material made of potter's clay that has failed in baking. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. A piece of fabric fitted to the collar covering the shirt-front worn by Catholic and Anglican clergy. Labels: countable 3. The clerical linen collar itself. Labels: countable
Word: rabat Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Apparently from French rabattre (“to lower”), which often denotes a folding or swinging motion downwards. Pronunciation: /ɹəˈbæt/ 1. To rotate a plane of projection. Example: For example, we would tend to say that qa is rabatted (rotated) around the axis qd, but notice that conventional rabatment cannot explain the position of plane topl, since it should be rabatted around the line ix in the corporea, and instead it has been rotated around a vertical line passing through d. Example: Generally the true form of the diagonal is drawn on the half-breadth plan, being obtained by rabatting the plane containing the diagonal about the line through m into the horizontal plane.
Word: rabbet Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rabeten, from Old French raboter, rabouter (“to thrust back”, verb), from Old French re- + boter, bouter. Doublet of rebut. The noun is from Middle English rabet, from Old French rabot, from the verb. Pronunciation: /ˈɹæb.ɪt/ 1. A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of a plank of wood or other material; especially, one intended to fit another member to form a joint. Example: Cut a deep rabbet along the back edge of the top and bottom of the cabinet. This will be for the ship-lap back to seat into and needs to be large enough to allow the back to be screwed or nailed into place.
Word: rabbet Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rabeten, from Old French raboter, rabouter (“to thrust back”, verb), from Old French re- + boter, bouter. Doublet of rebut. The noun is from Middle English rabet, from Old French rabot, from the verb. Pronunciation: /ˈɹæb.ɪt/ 1. To cut a rabbet in a piece of material. Labels: transitive
Word: rabbet Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈɹæb.ɪt/ 1. Obsolete form of rabbit. Labels: alt-of, obsolete Example: I would fain see him walk in querpo, like a cased rabbet, without his holy furr upon his back, that the world may once behold the inside of a fryar.
Word: racker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From rack + -er. Pronunciation: /ɹækə(ɹ)/ 1. One who racks. 2. A horse that has a racking gait.
Word: radix Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *wréh₂ds Learned borrowing from Latin rādīx (“a root”). Doublet of radish. Pronunciation: /ˈɹeɪ.dɪks/ 1. A root. 2. The primitive root word or morpheme from which later versions derive; the etymon 3. The number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers in a particular base, as ten for decimal.
Word: raffia Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Malagasy rafia or rofia. Pronunciation: /ˈɹæfiə/ 1. A fibrous material used for tying plants, originating from the leaves of raffia palm trees (genus Raphia). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: He was pressed against the canes and raffia of which this old house was built.
Word: railer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From rail + -er. 1. One who rails. Example: Thus ſay the common People that knovv him, A Saint abroad, and a Devil at home: His poor Family finds it ſo, he is ſuch a churl, ſuch a railer at, and ſo unreaſonable vvith his Servants, that they neither knovv hovv to do for, or ſpeak to him.
Word: raj Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi राज (rāj), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-. Doublet of rex, rich, and others. Pronunciation: /ɹɑːd͡ʒ/, /ɹɑːʒ/ 1. Reign; rule. Labels: South-Asia, uncountable
Word: ralph Part of Speech: verb Etymology: US 1960s, of uncertain origin, apparently derived from a use of the male name Ralph, but perhaps imitative. Pronunciation: /ɹælf/ 1. To vomit. Labels: slang
Word: ralph Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɹælf/ 1. A raven. Labels: UK, obsolete, regional
Word: ramify Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French ramifier, from Medieval Latin ramificō (“to branch, ramify”), from Latin rāmus (“a branch”) + -ficō (causative suffix). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæm.ɪ.faɪ/, /ˈɹæm.ə.faɪ/ 1. To divide into branches or subdivisions. Labels: ambitransitive Example: The cortical, hemispheral or superficial veins ramify on the surface of the brain and return the blood from the cortical substance into the venous sinuses. 2. To spread or diversify into multiple fields or categories. Labels: figuratively Example: to ramify an art, subject, scheme Example: And, of course, on such momentous occasions as these, Manning was in his element. None knew those difficult ropes better than he; none used them with a more serviceable and yet discreet alacrity. In every juncture he had the right word, or the right silence; his influence ramified in all directions, from the Pope's audience chamber to the English Cabinet.
Word: rankle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English ranklen, ranclen, from Old French rancler, räoncler, draoncler (“to ulcerate, to form a boil”), from Old French draoncle (“a boil”), from Latin dracunculus (“little serpent”), diminutive of Latin dracō (“serpent, dragon”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæŋ.kəl/, [ˈɹæŋ.kl̩], /ˈɹeɪ̯ŋ.kəl/, [ˈɹeɪ̯ŋ.kl̩], /ˈɹɛ̃ŋ.kəl/ 1. To cause irritation, bitterness or acrimony. Labels: intransitive, transitive Example: My colleague's gratuitous criticism still rankles with me. Example: […] and the alliance which was dictated by sound policy, by family ties, and by just fear of England's sea power, was further assured to France by recent and still existing injuries that must continue to rankle with Spain. […] 2. To fester. Labels: intransitive Example: a splinter rankles in the flesh Example: But yet the cause and root of all his ill, Inward corruption and infected sin, Not purg'd nor heald, behind remained still, And festring sore did rankle yet within […]
Word: rankle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English ranklen, ranclen, from Old French rancler, räoncler, draoncler (“to ulcerate, to form a boil”), from Old French draoncle (“a boil”), from Latin dracunculus (“little serpent”), diminutive of Latin dracō (“serpent, dragon”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæŋ.kəl/, [ˈɹæŋ.kl̩], /ˈɹeɪ̯ŋ.kəl/, [ˈɹeɪ̯ŋ.kl̩], /ˈɹɛ̃ŋ.kəl/ 1. A festering, embittering object or condition, either mental, or a physical sore or ulcer. Labels: rare Example: To this the Prince appeared to acquiesce; but I saw it did not please, and left a rankle in his mind.
Word: rarefy Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rarefien, from Old French rarefier (French raréfier), from Latin rarefacere (“make rare”). By surface analysis, rare + -fy. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛəɹəˌfaɪ/ 1. To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense. Labels: transitive Example: By means of this gauge, Mr. Smeaton judged that his machine was incomparably better than any former one, as it seemed to rarefy the air in the receiver 1000, or even 2000 times, while the best of these only rarefied it about 140[…] 2. To become rare, thin or less dense. Labels: intransitive Example: For if The^([sic]) water rarefies and then Condenses, all that great mass of water of the Lake of the Ilinois rises in its vast basin when it rarefies, and falls when it condenses. And, as water always rises as much as it falls, it would[…] Example: As water rarefies, it evaporates, forming visible steam, and this may be a step toward the final category of reality, fire. Anyone who has held a hand over a boiling kettle may feel the truth of this.[…]
Word: raster Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From German Raster, from Latin rāster, from rāstrum (“rake”, noun), from rādō (“to scrape”, verb). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæstɚ/, /ˈɹɑːstə(ɹ)/ 1. A scanning pattern of parallel lines that form the display of an image projected on a cathode-ray tube of a television set or display screen. 2. A bitmap image, consisting of a grid of pixels, stored as a sequence of lines.
Word: raster Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From German Raster, from Latin rāster, from rāstrum (“rake”, noun), from rādō (“to scrape”, verb). Pronunciation: /ˈɹæstɚ/, /ˈɹɑːstə(ɹ)/ 1. To scan in parallel lines.
Word: ratter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From rat + -er. 1. Anything which catches rats, especially a dog trained to catch them. Example: Grey cat called Snooky who was a good ratter even with his balls cut off. 2. Anything which catches rats, especially a dog trained to catch them. 3. Anything which catches rats, especially a dog trained to catch them. 4. One who rats; a traitor; a deserter. 5. A pirate miner, a miner who digs out ore or paydirt clandestinely and runs
Word: realty Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French realité (“property, possession”). Doublet of reality. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiəlti/, /ˈɹɪəlti/ 1. Real estate; a piece of real property; land. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. The property that goes to the heirs of the deceased, as distinguished from the personalty, which goes to the executor or administrator of the estate. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Reality. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable 4. Loyalty; faithfulness; fealty. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: O heaven! That such resemblance of the highest Should yet remain, where faith and realty Remain not 5. Royalty. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable
Word: ream Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English rem, reme, from Old English rēam (“cream”), from Proto-West Germanic *raum, from Proto-Germanic *raumaz (“cream”), from Proto-Indo-European *réwgʰmn̥ (“to sour [milk]”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Room (“cream”), West Frisian rjemme (“cream”), Dutch room (“cream”), German Low German Rahm, Rohm (“cream”), German Rahm (“cream”), Swedish römme (“cream”), Norwegian rømme (“sour cream”), Faroese rómi (“cream”), Icelandic rjómi (“cream”). See also ramekin. Pronunciation: /ɹiːm/ 1. Cream; also, the creamlike froth on ale or other liquor; froth or foam in general. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, UK, dialectal
Word: ream Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English rem, reme, from Old English rēam (“cream”), from Proto-West Germanic *raum, from Proto-Germanic *raumaz (“cream”), from Proto-Indo-European *réwgʰmn̥ (“to sour [milk]”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Room (“cream”), West Frisian rjemme (“cream”), Dutch room (“cream”), German Low German Rahm, Rohm (“cream”), German Rahm (“cream”), Swedish römme (“cream”), Norwegian rømme (“sour cream”), Faroese rómi (“cream”), Icelandic rjómi (“cream”). See also ramekin. Pronunciation: /ɹiːm/ 1. To cream; mantle; foam; froth. Labels: Northern-England, Scotland, UK, dialectal Example: a huge pewter measuring pot […] which, in the language of the hostess, reamed with excellent claret
Word: ream Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology uncertain, possibly a variant of rime (etymology 4) with the East Anglian and Kentish development of Old English /yː/ to /eː/ (the modern spelling would thus be unetymologically for *reem). Doublet of room. Cognates * Dutch ruimen (“to empty, evacuate”) * German räumen (“to make room”) * Icelandic rýma (“to make room, clear”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːm/ 1. To enlarge (a hole), especially using a reamer; to bore (a hole) wider. Labels: transitive 2. To remove (material) by reaming. Labels: transitive 3. To remove burrs and debris from inside (something, such as a freshly bored hole) using a tool. Labels: transitive 4. To shape or form, especially using a reamer. 5. To sexually penetrate in a rough and painful way. Labels: broadly, slang, vulgar 6. To yell at or berate. Labels: slang
Word: ream Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English reme, from Old French raime, rayme (“ream”) (French rame), from Catalan raima (“ream”), from Arabic رِزْمَة (rizma, “bundle”). Pronunciation: /ɹiːm/ 1. A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, nowadays usually containing 500 sheets. Labels: broadly, figuratively, in-plural Example: The accountants requested reams of financial records. 2. A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, nowadays usually containing 500 sheets. Labels: broadly, in-plural Example: I can't go – I still have reams of work left. Example: A large language model (LLM), the technology underpinning chatbots like ChatGPT or Anthropic’s Claude, is a type of neural network, a computer program different from typical software. By feeding it reams of data, engineers train the models to spot patterns and predict what “tokens,” or fragments of words, should come next in a given sequence.
Word: reaver Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English revere (also revour, reiver, refar, reavere), from Old English rēafere (“reaver; robber; spoiler”), equivalent to reave + -er. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Roower, Dutch rover, German Räuber, Swedish rövare, Icelandic raufari. Compare robber, rover. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːvə(ɹ)/ 1. One who reaves; a plunderer, marauder, or pillager. Example: nobody knows where these reavers from hell roam in their errands.
Word: reb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of rebel. 1. Clipping of rebel: a Confederate, especially a Confederate soldier. Labels: US, abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, historical
Word: reb Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Yiddish רב (reb). 1. Shortened form of Rebbe. 2. An honorific used by traditional Jews, much like sir and mister/Mr. Example: Reb Moshe Cohen - Mr. Moshe Cohen
Word: rebut Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Inherited from Middle English rebutten, rebouten, from Old French reboter, rebuter, rebouter, etc., from re- + boter, buter, bouter (“to butt”). Entered English around 1302-1307. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈbʌt/, /ɹɪˈbʊt/, /ɹɪˈbɐt/ 1. To drive back or beat back; to repulse. Example: Who him r'encountring fierce, as hauke in flight, / Perforce rebutted backe. 2. To deny the truth of something, especially by presenting arguments that disprove it. Example: Rebutting allegations that Scotland's railways had been deliberately run down, he pointed out that in the past nine years over £70m had been spent on their development.
Word: reck Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English recken, rekken, reken, from Old Norse rœkja (compare Old English rēċċan, rēċan (“to care, reck, take care of, be interested in, care for, desire”); whence English retch), from Proto-Germanic *rōkijaną (“to care, take care”), from Proto-Indo-European *rēǵ-, *rēg- (“to care, help”). Cognate with obsolete Dutch roeken, Low German roken, ruken (“to reck, care”), German geruhen (“to deign, condescend”), Icelandic rækja (“to care, regard, discharge”), Danish røgte (“to care, tend”), Swedish rykta (“to groom”). See reckon. Pronunciation: /ɹɛk/ 1. To take account of (someone or something); to care for; to consider, to heed, to regard. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: Do not, as some ungracious pastors do, / Show me the steep and thorny way to heaven, / Whiles, like a puffed and reckless libertine, / Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads, / And recks not his own rede. Example: […]with that care lost / went all his fear: of God, or hell, or worse / he recked not[…] 2. To want (to do something); to desire to, to be inclined to, to care to. Labels: archaic, catenative Example: My master is of churlish disposition, / And little recks to find the way to heaven / By doing deeds of hospitality. 3. To know about, to know of, to be aware of. Labels: archaic, intransitive, with-of Example: Little recked the busy multitude in that great smoky town of Blackingham of the solemn glories of the fading woods, with all their mellow brown and crimson foliage; little dreamed they of gorgeous sunsets, purple clouds, roseate mists, and lingering lovely-coloured lights in mountain passes; […] 4. To reckon, to consider, to regard (someone or something) as. Labels: obsolete, transitive 5. To concern (someone); to be important or of interest to; to matter. Labels: ambitransitive, archaic, dialectal Example: It recks not! Example: What recks it them? 6. To concern oneself, to trouble oneself. Labels: dialectal, obsolete, reflexive
Word: recuse Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Late Middle English recusen, from Old French recuser (modern French récuser (“to challenge; to impugn; (formal) to make an objection; (law) to recuse”), and from its etymon Latin recūsāre, the present active infinitive of recūsō (“to decline, refuse, reject; (law) to object to, protest”), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again’, denoting opposition or reversal) + causa (“cause, reason; (law) case, claim; etc.”) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs). Doublet of rouse and possibly ruse. Cognates * Catalan recusar * French récuser * Italian ricusare * Old Occitan recuzar * Portuguese recusar * Spanish recusar Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈkjuːz/, /ɹiˈkjuz/, /ɹə-/ 1. To reject or repudiate (an authority, a person, a court judgment, etc.). Labels: often, reflexive, transitive Example: And therfore, if ayenst this peticion any processe be made of any maner Juge spirituel or temporell, and soo the same John have wronge, thanne he provoketh and appelleth this cause directly to the rightwisness of god and to the liege lorde, ffor other juges in his matere he hath utterly suspecte, for greet wronges that he hath had, dreding to have more. He therfor hem utterly recuseth, and herto he fully him submitteth. Example: [T]he Quenys grace may alvvayes recuſe & appell at her good pleaſure & libertie, from vvhatſoever Decree or Sentence, either interlocutorie, or definitive, ſhe vvil: […] 2. To reject or repudiate (an authority, a person, a court judgment, etc.). Labels: often, reflexive, transitive Example: The judge recused herself from that case, citing a possible conflict of interest as one of the parties was a personal friend. Example: The revelation is almost certain to prompt calls for [Samuel] Alito, a member of the court’s conservative wing, to recuse himself from several high-profile cases pending before the court this year involving the election and subsequent attack on the US Capitol, including the blockbuster question of whether Trump may claim immunity from federal election subversion charges. 3. To reject or repudiate (an authority, a person, a court judgment, etc.). Labels: Canada, US, often, reflexive, transitive Example: The ſaid [Nicholas] Fiott, likevviſe, recuſeth James Pipon, eſq; [as being a judge in the cause] ſeeing, that he knovvs that the ſaid Fiott is the perſon vvho is the cauſe that the ſaid Pipon hath been ſued by rigour of lavv, before the council, in order to oblige him to do juſtice to the poor concerning the hoſpital. 4. To refuse (to do something). Labels: obsolete, often, reflexive, transitive 5. To dismiss (an appeal). Labels: obsolete, often, rare, reflexive, transitive Example: [N]otvvithſtanding that the ſaid Judges amply and ſufficiently declared, as vvell the ſincerity of their minds directly, juſtly to proceed vvithout favour, dread, affection, or partiality; […] yet ſhe nevertheleſs perſiſting in her former vvilfulneſs, and in her Appeal, vvhich alſo by the ſaid Judges vvas likevviſe recuſed: […]
Word: redact Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Old French redacter, from Latin redactus, perfect passive participle of redigō (“drive, lead, collect, reduce”), from re- (“back”) + agō (“put in motion, drive”). Piecewise doublet of react. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈdækt/ 1. To censor, to black out or remove parts of a document while leaving the remainder. Labels: transitive, usually Example: The military will redact the document before releasing it, blacking out sections that are classified. Example: The names and email addresses of the users were redacted from the public data. 2. To black out legally protected sections of text in a document provided to opposing counsel, typically as part of the discovery process. 3. To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit. Example: […] the account of his second expedition was carefully redacted, […] 4. To draw up or frame a decree, statement, etc. Labels: rare Example: The Oath is redacted ; pronounced aloud by President Bailly, — and indeed in such a sonorous tone, that the cloud of witnesses, even outdoors, hear it, and bellow response to it. 5. To bring together in one unit; to combine or bring together into one. Labels: obsolete Example: Octauianus Augustus, his successor and nevewe, redacte in to oon monarchy the realmes of alle the worlde. 6. To gather or organize works or ideas into a unified whole; to collect, order, or write in a written document or to put into a particular written form. Labels: obsolete Example: yere, laborede and founde the arte of logike; þe rewles of whom and causes of þe begynnenge Plato fyndenge encreasede hit moche; but Aristotille redacte hit in an arte. 7. To insert or assimilate into a written system or scheme. Labels: obsolete, rare 8. To bring an area of study within the comprehension capacity of a person. Labels: obsolete, rare 9. To reduce to a particular condition or state, especially one that is undesirable. Labels: obsolete Example: […] the grite penuritie and indigence quhairunto the puir handy-labouraris, and utheris his hienes subiectis of all esteatis ar redactit be that occasioun, […] 10. To reduce something physical to a certain form, especially by destruction. Labels: obsolete Example: […] the principall mans or manerie of thame lordis Erilis of Orchadie hes beine syndrie tymis brint and redactit till nocht […]
Word: redtop Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From red + top. 1. A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle. Labels: uncountable 2. Species of the genus Agrostis, the bentgrasses. Labels: countable 3. Alternative form of red top (“tabloid newspaper”). Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable
Word: reeded Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From reed + -ed. 1. Covered with reeds; reedy. 2. Formed with channels and ridges like reeds, as the edge of a coin. 3. Of a wind instrument, having a reed to produce sound.
Word: reeded Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See reed. 1. simple past and past participle of reed Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: reeker Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From reek + -er. 1. Something that emits a very bad smell; that which reeks.
Word: reeler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From its song. 1. The grasshopper warbler.
Word: reeler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From reel + -er. 1. A person employed to wind material onto a reel. Example: Weavers, reelers, wadders and those working in the filature refused to move, and when forced, produced inferior quality goods or ran away at the earliest opportunity, partly because they were separated from their families […] 2. A film consisting of the specified number of reels. Labels: in-compounds Example: a two-reeler 3. An autosomal-recessive mouse mutant in which cortical neurons are generated normally but abnormally placed, a lack of reelin causing disorganization of cortical laminar layers. It has a reeling gait.
Word: reeved Part of Speech: verb 1. simple past and past participle of reeve Labels: form-of, participle, past
Word: reeved Part of Speech: adj 1. Of a rope, passed through a hole, ring or pulley. Labels: not-comparable
Word: reman Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Proto-Indo-European *mon- Proto-Germanic *mann- Proto-West Germanic *mann Old English mann Middle English man English man English reman From re- + man. Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈmæn/ 1. To supply with new personnel. Example: For a short time in the later stages of World War I, one of the 4-6-0s was utilised also on a slow train from Perth to Glasgow, returning with the 1.30 p.m. from Glasgow to Aberdeen, on which it was remanned at Perth; it came back to Perth with the 8 p.m. fish train from Aberdeen.
Word: reman Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Abbreviation Pronunciation: /ɹiːˈmæn/ 1. Clipping of remanufactured. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, not-comparable
Word: remit Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English remitten, from Latin remittere (“to send, send back”). Compare Old French remettre, remetre, remitter. Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈmɪt/, /ɹiˈmɪt/, /ˈɹiːmɪt/, /ˈɹimɪt/ 1. Terms of reference; set of responsibilities; scope. Labels: UK Example: WHO/TDR should prepare a volume containing ... important issues in the performance of studies that fall outside of the GLP remit. Example: However, this is beyond the remit of this particular article. 2. A communication from a superior court to a subordinate court.
Word: renal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Latin rēn Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Late Latin rēnālislbor. English renal Learned borrowing from Late Latin renalis, from Latin rēnēs (“kidneys”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹiː.nəl/, /ˈɹi.nəl/ 1. Pertaining to the kidneys. Labels: not-comparable, relational Example: renal transplant
Word: rep Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clippings of various words beginning with rep. Pronunciation: /ɹɛp/ 1. Clipping of reputation. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, informal, uncountable Example: Try not to make it easy for the tabloids to ruin your rep. Example: Clean up your rep, your story's gettin' dusty / Wash out your mouth, your lies are gettin' rusty 2. Clipping of repetition. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable Example: Holonym: sets Example: I get a better bicep workout if I use less weight and more reps. 3. Clipping of representative. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, informal, uncountable Example: When I requested tickets for Nassau, my rep just put me on hold. Example: John Doe is a member of the House of Reps. 4. Clipping of representation. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, informal, uncountable Example: This was the first episode of Degrassi I saw, and it was a formative episode. Why, might you ask? Not only because in 2003, there, again, wasn't much gay rep, but because of this interaction at the end of the episode that I stumbled upon, […] Example: But for those looking for movies that have pronounced and meaningful queer rep, it might be best to shift focus over to smaller Summer 2022 titles like Neptune Frost, which deliver vibrant and righteous queer energy in every frame. 5. Clipping of repertory. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, uncountable Example: She did her time in reps before she made the grade in West End theatre. 6. Clipping of report. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, in-compounds, uncountable Example: […] and Henry Riser is still waiting for official casualty reps and family info on Doug Wheless. Example: A shell report, or "shell rep," was supposed to be sent in by any man who witnessed the fall of enemy artillery fire. 7. Clipping of replica. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, countable, slang, uncountable Example: rep sneakers Example: Overall, David is cagey when talking about reps, like someone might be while talking about an ex. That's understandable. But I wonder if Soulsfeng will ever reach the notoriety that David the rep seller did.
Word: rep Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Clippings of various words beginning with rep. Pronunciation: /ɹɛp/ 1. To represent; to act as a representative for. Labels: ambitransitive, informal Example: Bentley, the man who repped for Slade, carried the air and the rest joined in. Example: He left to help the Reader set up its national advertising arm, went back to Rolling Stone for five years, repped other magazines, and finally set up his own company, which currently scouts ads for the Atlantic, Spin, Discover, and a publication called Disney Adventures. 2. To display as a representative example. Labels: informal Example: Last year, Olivia famously went full-2000s at a Grammys after-party she attended with Paris Hilton, where she repped a bright blue butterfly dress featuring a plunging neckline and dramatic ruffles. Now, for her latest look, she's gone and repped another recognisable combination: silk trousers and a leather boob tube. Example: As for her beauty look, the Jennifer’s Body star had dyed her long tresses a burnt-orange shade, and styled them slightly curled at the ends and down across her shoulders. She also repped a bubblegum-pink manicure with an abstract black design. 3. Abbreviation of repeat. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of Example: Rep neck dec EOR 4 times more, AND AT THE SAME TIME, rep armhole dec EOR 4 (4,5) times more Example: Rep from * to * 6 times. Fasten off. 4. To lift for multiple reps. Labels: transitive
Word: rep Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Back-formation from reps, misinterpreted as a plural. Pronunciation: /ɹɛp/ 1. A fabric made of silk or wool, or of silk and wool, and having a transversely corded or ribbed surface. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Underfoot is a rich brown marble from the shores of Lake Champlain. The wainscoting is of green rep and red Numidian marble. Example: It was decorated in […] horsehair and red rep curtains[.]
Word: resiny Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Latin rēsīnader. Old French résinebor. Middle English resyn English resin English -y English resiny From resin + -y. 1. Like resin; resinous. 2. Of, or pertaining to, resin.
Word: ret Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English retten, reten; perhaps from Middle Dutch rēten, reeten (compare Middle Low German rōten; Middle High German rōzen), or from Old Norse reyta (compare Norwegian røyta, Swedish röta); all from Proto-Germanic *rautijaną (“to make mellow or soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *rewd- (“to tear; rend; rip”). Related to rot. Pronunciation: /ɹɛt/ 1. To prepare (flax, hemp etc.) for further processing by soaking, which facilitates separation of fibers from the woody parts of the stem. Labels: transitive Example: the hemp was retted / and soon the retting was done / and swiftly it was hung up / and hurriedly it was dried […]. Example: the lowland nearly silent except for water-thrushes, the harvested fields, the smell of hops being dried in kilns, flax pulled up and piled in sheaves, in local practice not to be retted till the spring
Word: ret Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Abbreviation. Pronunciation: /ɹɛt/ 1. Abbreviation of retired. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of
Word: ret Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ɹɛt/ 1. Clipping of reiteration. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, historical
Word: retted Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From ret + -ed. 1. Moistened or soaked to soften.
Word: revet Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re- French re- Proto-Indo-European *wes- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *wéstis Proto-Italic *westis Latin vestis Proto-Indo-European *-yétider. Latin -iō Latin vestiō Old French vestir Middle French vestir French vêtir French revêtirbor. English revet Borrowed from French revêtir (“to reclothe”). 1. To face (an embankment, etc.) with masonry, wood, or other material. Labels: transitive
Word: rhesus Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From New Latin rhēsus, arbitrary formation from Latin Rhēsus, from Ancient Greek Ῥῆσος (Rhêsos), mythical Thracian king. Pronunciation: /ˈɹiːsəs/ 1. A macaque monkey native to southern and southeastern Asia; Macaca mulatta. 2. Alternative form of Rhesus. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: ribose Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From German Ribose, formed from Ribonsäure, the first element of which comes from a rearrangement of English arabinose. Pronunciation: /ˈɹaɪbəʊz/ 1. A naturally occurring pentose sugar, which is a component of the nucleosides and nucleotides that constitute the nucleic acid biopolymer, RNA. It is also found in riboflavin.
Word: ricer Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From rice + -er. 1. A person, especially a Native American, who cultivates and harvests rice. Labels: US Example: He opened the cashbox and counted out the money, and Martin handed it on to one of the ricers. "Where are you guys ricing tomorrow?" he said. "Down in the Refuge," the ricer with the money said. Example: In exchange for use of a buyer's boat, the ricers were to sell what they harvested exclusively to him. 2. A utensil used to extrude soft foods (especially, cooked potato) through holes about the diameter of a grain of rice. Example: He cooked a roast, made applesauce with the ricer and used every size pan he could find to cook vegetables. Example: Ricers can also be used for mashing other root vegetables, as well as starchy ones like broad (fava) beans and peas. 3. An automobile, especially one imported from an Oriental country, deemed inferior or cheap, that has been modified with after-market parts in order to appear more powerful or sporty. Labels: US, derogatory, slang 4. A person who drives such an automobile. Labels: derogatory, slang
Word: rick Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English *rykke, from Old English hrycce (“rick, heap, pile”), cognate with Scots ruk (“rick”), Norwegian ruka (“rick, haystack”). Related also to Old English hrēac (“rick, stack”), from Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”). Further relations: Dutch rook, Icelandic hraukur, Irish cruach. Doublet of croagh. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. Straw, hay etc. stored in a stack for winter fodder, commonly protected with thatch. Example: There is a remnant still of last year's golden clusters of beehive ricks, rising at intervals beyond the hedgerows;[…]. Example: It was not far from the house; but the ground sank into a depression there, and the ridge of it behind shut out everything except just the roof of the tallest hayrick. As one sat on the sward behind the elm, with the back turned on the rick and nothing in front but the tall elms and the oaks in the other hedge, it was quite easy to fancy it the verge of the prairie with the backwoods close by. 2. A stack of wood, especially cut to a regular length; also used as a measure of wood, typically four by eight feet. Labels: US
Word: rick Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *rykke, from Old English hrycce (“rick, heap, pile”), cognate with Scots ruk (“rick”), Norwegian ruka (“rick, haystack”). Related also to Old English hrēac (“rick, stack”), from Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”). Further relations: Dutch rook, Icelandic hraukur, Irish cruach. Doublet of croagh. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. To heap up (hay, etc.) in ricks.
Word: rick Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From earlier wrick, from Middle English wricken, wrikken (“to move back and forth”), probably from Middle Dutch *verwricken or Middle Low German vorwricken. Cognate with West Frisian wrikke, wrikje, Dutch wrikken, Low German wricken, German wricken, Danish vrikke, Swedish vricka. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. To slightly sprain or strain the neck, back, ankle etc; to wrench. 2. To pierce with a hook by means of a sudden jerk or pull. Labels: dialectal, transitive
Word: rick Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From earlier wrick, from Middle English wricken, wrikken (“to move back and forth”), probably from Middle Dutch *verwricken or Middle Low German vorwricken. Cognate with West Frisian wrikke, wrikje, Dutch wrikken, Low German wricken, German wricken, Danish vrikke, Swedish vricka. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. A sharp or sudden move; a jerk or tug. Labels: dialectal
Word: rick Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English *rikken (attested only as palatised variant Middle English richen (“to pull, tug; to move, proceed, run; to twist, turn”)), from Old Norse rykkja (“to move, rock, throw”), from Proto-Germanic *rukkijaną (“to rock, move”). Cognate with English rock. Possibly merged with Middle English wrikken (“to move to and fro, move back and forth”), see Etymology 2 above. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. To rattle, jingle, make a noise; to chatter. Labels: dialectal, intransitive 2. To grumble. Labels: dialectal, intransitive 3. To scold. Labels: dialectal, transitive 4. To raffle. Labels: dialectal, intransitive
Word: rick Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English *rikken (attested only as palatised variant Middle English richen (“to pull, tug; to move, proceed, run; to twist, turn”)), from Old Norse rykkja (“to move, rock, throw”), from Proto-Germanic *rukkijaną (“to rock, move”). Cognate with English rock. Possibly merged with Middle English wrikken (“to move to and fro, move back and forth”), see Etymology 2 above. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. A noise, rattling. Labels: dialectal, intransitive
Word: rick Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Abbreviated form from recruit. Pronunciation: /ɹɪk/ 1. A new and naive boot camp inductee. Example: No turning back now, rick: you are the property of the US government now.
Word: riffle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Possible alteration of ruffle, from Middle English ruffelen, akin to Low German ruffelen (“to crumple”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪfəl/ 1. A swift, shallow part of a stream causing broken water. Example: They then proceeded below the milldam, where there was a strong riffle, with likely looking pools and eddies Example: The big trout feed aggressively and tend to lose their caution in the rifles. 2. A succession of small waves. 3. A trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when auriferous earth is washed. Also one of the cleats, grooves or steps in such trough. 4. A quick skim through the pages of a book. 5. Synonym of riffle shuffle 6. The sound made while shuffling cards.
Word: riffle Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Possible alteration of ruffle, from Middle English ruffelen, akin to Low German ruffelen (“to crumple”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪfəl/ 1. To flow over a swift, shallow part of a stream. Labels: intransitive 2. To ruffle with a rippling action. Labels: transitive 3. To skim or flick through the pages of a book. Labels: intransitive 4. To leaf through rapidly. Labels: transitive Example: Near-synonym: rifle 5. To shuffle playing cards by separating the deck in two and sliding the thumbs along the edges of the cards to mix the two parts. Labels: transitive 6. To idly manipulate objects with the fingers. Labels: transitive 7. To prepare samples of material using a riffler. Labels: transitive
Word: riffle Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Danish [Term?] (“a groove”). Compare rifle (“to score, to make grooves”) and the past participle riflet (“scored, grooved, rifled”), riffeln with the same meaning. Also see rifle (“a rifled gun”). Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪfəl/ 1. In seal engraving, a small metal disc at the end of a tool.
Word: rifler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- Proto-Germanic *rīfaną Proto-Germanic *-lōną Proto-Germanic *rīfilōną Proto-West Germanic *rīfilōn Frankish *rīffilōnbor. Old French riflerbor. Middle English riflen English rifle English -er English rifler From rifle + -er. 1. One who rifles; a robber.
Word: rigger Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English rig Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English rigger From rig + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪɡə(ɹ)/, /ˈɹɪɡɚ/ 1. One who rigs or dresses; as: Example: So far there was not a hitch. The workpeople, to be sure — riggers and what not — were most annoyingly slow; but time cured that. It was the crew that troubled me. 2. One who rigs or dresses; as: Example: What if the rigger (the person who anchors the grids to the building ceiling) mishangs a single cable? 3. One who rigs or dresses; as: Example: It is common that after the rig is created an animator asks the rigger to create new controls, because the character needs to support new poses or simply needs to look better. 4. A worker on an oil rig. 5. One who rigs or manipulates (an election, etc). Example: The real riggers of electoral boundaries in New South Wales were those who got loose after 1965. When the boys from George Street and Ash Street got loose there was a majority in the Parliament. That is when there was a redistribution […] Example: An election rigger who assumes illegitimate political power would be primarily motivated to spread their corrosive toxins across the political system, thus rendering institutions of government dysfunctional and convoluted. 6. A part of a rowing boat's equipment used to provide leverage for a rowing blade or oar around a fixed fulcrum. 7. A ship with a certain type of rigging. Labels: in-compounds 8. A cylindrical pulley or drum in machinery. 9. A plastic bottle of beer, typically between 1 L to 2.5 L volume. Labels: New-Zealand 10. A long, slender, pointed sable paintbrush for making fine lines, etc.; said to be so called from its use for drawing the lines of the rigging of ships. 11. A person who applies functional or artistic rope bondage to another person's body.
Word: rigger Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Abbreviation Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪɡə(ɹ)/, /ˈɹɪɡɚ/ 1. Ellipsis of outrigger. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis
Word: rill Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From or akin to West Frisian ril (“rill; a narrow channel”), Dutch ril (“rill; gully; trench; watercourse”), German Low German Rille, Rill (“a small channel; brook; furrow”), German Rille (“a groove; furrow”). Pronunciation: /ɹɪl/ 1. A very small brook; a streamlet; a creek, rivulet. Example: [N]or yet beside the rill / Nor up the lawn, nor at the wood was he Example: So twice five miles of fertile ground / With walls and towers were girdled round: / And here were gardens bright with sinuous rills, / Where blossom'd many an incense-bearing tree; / And here were forests ancient as the hills, / And folding sunny spots of greenery. 2. Alternative form of rille. Labels: alt-of, alternative