nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: self- Part of Speech: prefix Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *swé? Proto-Indo-European *selbʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *selbaz Old English self Old English self- Middle English self- English self- From Middle English self-, silf-, seolf-, from Old English self-, sylf-, seolf-, from Proto-Germanic *selba-, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz (“self”). Cognate with Dutch zelf- (“self-”), German Low German sülvst- (“self-”), German selbst- (“self-”), Swedish själv- (“self-”), Icelandic sjálf- (“self-”). More at self. Pronunciation: /sɛlf/ 1. of, by, in or with oneself or itself Labels: morpheme 2. automatic Labels: morpheme
Word: one's self Part of Speech: pron 1. Alternative spelling of oneself. Labels: alt-of, alternative, dated Example: One can teach one's self to do this.
Word: oneself Part of Speech: pron Etymology: A contracted form of one's self (Mid-16th century). Equivalent to one + -self. Pronunciation: /wʌnˈsɛlf/ 1. A person's self: general form of himself, herself, themself or yourself. Labels: form-of, reflexive Example: Teaching oneself to swim can be dangerous. Example: If attending to your childhood wounds and responding with kindness feels selfish, it is important to remember that compassion for oneself often makes people more compassionate to others, Lev said.
Word: himself Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From Middle English hymself, from Old English him selfum. Equivalent to him + -self. Pronunciation: /hɪmˈsɛlf/, /ɪ̈mˈsɛlf/, /hɪmˈself/, /ɪ̈mˈself/ 1. Him; the male object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject Labels: masculine, personal, pronoun, reflexive, singular, third-person Example: He injured himself. Example: Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines. 2. He; used as an intensifier, often to emphasize that the referent is the exclusive participant in the predicate Labels: emphatic, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person Example: He was injured himself. Example: Therefore the Lord himſelfe ſhal giue you a ſigne:[…]. 3. The subject or non-reflexive object of a predicate; he himself. Labels: Ireland, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person Example: Yet it is that himselfe had been liberally gratified by his Unkle with militarie rewards, before ever he went to warres. Example: With shame remembers, while himself was one / Of the same herd, himself the same had done. 4. The subject or non-reflexive object of a predicate; he (used of upper-class gentlemen, or sarcastically, of men who imagine themselves to be more important than others) Labels: Ireland, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person Example: Has himself come down to breakfast yet? Example: Have you seen himself yet this morning?
Word: herself Part of Speech: pron Etymology: From Middle English. Equivalent to her + -self. Pronunciation: /hɜːˈsɛlf/, /(h)əsɛlf/, /æˈsɛl/, /ɐˈsɛl/, /hɝˈsɛlf/ 1. Her; the female object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject. Labels: feminine, personal, pronoun, reflexive, singular, third-person Example: She injured herself. Example: This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything. In a moment she had dropped to the level of a casual labourer. 2. She; an intensifier of the female subject or object, often used to indicate the directness or exclusiveness of that person . Labels: emphatic, feminine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person Example: She was injured herself. 3. The subject or non-reflexive object of a predicate; she (used of upper-class ladies, or sarcastically, of women who imagine themselves to be more important than others) Labels: Ireland, feminine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person Example: What's herself up to this time? Example: Have you seen herself yet this morning?
Word: bag Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Old Norse baggibor.? Old French baguebor.? Middle English bagge English bag Inherited from Middle English bagge, from Old Norse baggi (“bag, pack, satchel, bundle”) (whence also Old French bague (“bundle, package, sack”)); related to Old Norse bǫggr (“harm, shame; load, burden”), of uncertain origin. Pronunciation: /bæɡ/, /baɡ/, /baːɡ/, /bæːɡ/, /bɛɡ/ 1. To put into a bag. Labels: transitive 2. To take with oneself, to assume into one's score Labels: informal, transitive Example: We bagged three deer yesterday. Example: He was a fine specimen, very large and with a beautiful coat, and I wish I had had the luck to bag him. 3. To take with oneself, to assume into one's score Labels: transitive Example: the two opposition groups have bagged almost 300 of the 500 seats contested in the election. 4. To take with oneself, to assume into one's score Labels: slang, transitive Example: "I am sure nobody would mind," said Susan. "It isn't as if we wanted to take them out of the house; we shan't take them even out of the wardrobe." "I never thought of that, Su," said Peter. "Of course, now you put it that way, I see. No one could say you had bagged a coat as long as you leave it in the wardrobe where you found it. And I suppose this whole country is in the wardrobe." 5. To take with oneself, to assume into one's score Labels: slang, transitive Example: When we hit the club to go and hell-raise / Probably end up baggin' the cocktail waitress 6. To take with oneself, to assume into one's score Labels: slang, transitive Example: Free bro, free bro, we got bagged for a M 7. To furnish or load with a bag. Labels: transitive Example: a bee bagged with his honeyed venom 8. To furnish or load with a bag. Labels: transitive 9. To furnish or load with a bag. Labels: transitive Example: The patient was bagged for a urine analysis and stat electrolytes were drawn. 10. To expose exterior shape or physical behaviour resembling that of a bag Labels: ambitransitive, obsolete Example: The skin bags from containing morbid matter. Example: The brisk wind bagged the sails. 11. To expose exterior shape or physical behaviour resembling that of a bag Example: His trousers bag at the knees. 12. To expose exterior shape or physical behaviour resembling that of a bag Labels: intransitive 13. To expose exterior shape or physical behaviour resembling that of a bag Labels: intransitive, obsolete Example: VVell, Venus ſhortly bagged, and ere long vvas Cupid bread, […] 14. To forget, ignore, or get rid of. Example: I may just bag that. I think poets have an obligation to boost the magazines they appear in. Example: Well, even if your VCR is still blinking “12:00," I hope you're smart enough to stay inside when it's that cold and just bag that workout. 15. To laugh uncontrollably. Labels: slang 16. To criticise sarcastically. Labels: Australia, slang
Word: boat Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *bʰóydos Proto-Germanic *baitaz Proto-West Germanic *bait Old English bāt Middle English bot English boat From Middle English bot, boot, boet, boyt (“boat”), from Old English bāt (“boat”), from Proto-West Germanic *bait, from Proto-Germanic *baitaz, *baitą (“boat, small ship”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to break, split”) (whence also fissure via Latin). Cognate with Old Norse beit (“boat”), Middle Dutch beitel (“little boat”). Old Norse bátr (whence Faroese and Icelandic bátur, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish båt, Danish båd), Dutch boot, German Boot, Occitan batèl and French bateau are all ultimately borrowings from the Old English word. Compare typologically ship << Proto-Indo-European *skey-; Russian долблёнка (dolbljónka) (< долби́ть (dolbítʹ)), Russian чёлн (čoln) (akin to коло́ть (kolótʹ)). Pronunciation: /bəʊ̯t/, /boʊ̯t/, /bəʉ̯t/, /bɐʉ̯t/, /bot/ 1. A craft used for transportation of goods, fishing, racing, recreational cruising, or military use on or in the water, propelled by oars or outboard motor or inboard motor or by wind. Example: We can't get everything in the boat. We'll leave this stuff behind. Example: Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers,[…]. Even such a boat as the Mount Vernon offered a total deck space so cramped as to leave secrecy or privacy well out of the question, even had the motley and democratic assemblage of passengers been disposed to accord either. 2. A full house. Labels: slang 3. A conveyance, utensil, or dish somewhat resembling a boat in shape. Example: a stone boat; a gravy boat 4. A large and heavy car; the term connotes wasteful size. Labels: informal Example: Near-synonyms: land yacht, sled Example: He claimed to be broke but he always drove that ridiculous boat. 5. One of two possible conformations of cyclohexane rings (the other being chair), shaped roughly like a boat. Labels: physical 6. The refugee boats arriving in Australian waters, and by extension, refugees generally. Labels: Australian, informal 7. In Conway’s Game of Life, a particular still life consisting of a dead cell surrounded by five living cells. Example: It creates 4 blocks, a boat, and a glider every 768 generations. Example: The program is represented as a string of boats (1s) and blocks (0s). 8. Alternative form of BOAT. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: boat Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *bʰóydos Proto-Germanic *baitaz Proto-West Germanic *bait Old English bāt Middle English bot English boat From Middle English bot, boot, boet, boyt (“boat”), from Old English bāt (“boat”), from Proto-West Germanic *bait, from Proto-Germanic *baitaz, *baitą (“boat, small ship”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to break, split”) (whence also fissure via Latin). Cognate with Old Norse beit (“boat”), Middle Dutch beitel (“little boat”). Old Norse bátr (whence Faroese and Icelandic bátur, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish båt, Danish båd), Dutch boot, German Boot, Occitan batèl and French bateau are all ultimately borrowings from the Old English word. Compare typologically ship << Proto-Indo-European *skey-; Russian долблёнка (dolbljónka) (< долби́ть (dolbítʹ)), Russian чёлн (čoln) (akin to коло́ть (kolótʹ)). Pronunciation: /bəʊ̯t/, /boʊ̯t/, /bəʉ̯t/, /bɐʉ̯t/, /bot/ 1. To travel by boat. Labels: intransitive 2. To transport in a boat. Labels: transitive Example: to boat goods 3. To transport (deport to a penal colony). Labels: obsolete, slang, transitive Example: Troy was 'boated' for seven years after being found guilty of burglary and robbery. 4. To place in a boat. Labels: transitive Example: to boat oars
Word: body Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- Proto-West Germanic *bodag Old English bodiġ Middle English bodi English body From Middle English body, bodi, bodiȝ, from Old English bodiġ, bodeġ (“body, trunk, chest, torso, height, stature”), from Proto-West Germanic *bodag (“body, trunk”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake, observe”). Cognate with Old High German botah (“body, corpse, trunk, torso”) (whence Swabian Bottich (“body, torso”), Bavarian Bottich (“body, torso, carcass; lower part of a shirt or jacket”)). Pronunciation: /ˈbɒd.iː/, [ˈbɒ.dɪi̯], /ˈbɑ.di/, [ˈbɑ.dɪi̯], [ˈbɑ.ɾɪi̯] 1. To give body or shape to something. Labels: often, transitive Example: And as imagination bodies forth / The forms of things unknown, the poet’s pen / Turns them to shapes and gives to airy nothing / A local habitation and a name. Example: [A]s you stand on the steps of the Castle Green in this strange place, you feel quite floaty. This you are told is the scene of the Merthyr riots; and you feel still floatier as you body forth before your eyes a picture like the following— […] 2. To construct the bodywork of a car. 3. To embody. Labels: transitive Example: I don’t say, one bodies the other / One’s spiritual truth; / But I do say it’s hard to lose either, / When you have both. 4. To murder someone. Labels: slang, transitive 5. To murder someone. Labels: broadly, slang, transitive Example: I keep getting bodied by kids half my age.
Word: button Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English butonen, botonen, from the noun (see above). Pronunciation: /ˈbʌtən/, [ˈbʌtʰən] ~ [ˈbʌtʰn̩], [ˈbʌt̚n̩], /ˈbʌʔən/, [ˈbʌʔən] ~ [ˈbʌʔn̩] 1. To fasten with a button. Labels: transitive Example: He was a tall, fat, long-bodied man, buttoned up to the throat in a tight green coat. 2. To be fastened by a button or buttons. Labels: intransitive Example: The coat will not button. 3. To stop talking. Labels: informal
Word: chance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English chance, cheance, chaunce, cheaunce, a borrowing from Old French cheance (“accident, chance, luck”), from Vulgar Latin *cadentia (“falling”), from Latin cadere (“to fall, to die, to happen, occur”). Doublet of cadence and cadenza. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃʰɑːns], /t͡ʃäːns/ [t͡ʃʰäːns], /t͡ʃɐːns/ [t͡ʃʰɐːns], [t͡ʃɑːns], /t͡ʃæns/ [t͡ʃʰæns] 1. An opportunity or possibility. Labels: countable Example: We had the chance to meet the president last week: we have a good/strong chance of making / to make a profit. Example: There was a fat/slim chance that my letter would arrive in time. 2. Random occurrence; luck. Labels: uncountable Example: Why leave it to chance when a few simple steps will secure the desired outcome? Example: My whole life seems to be ruled by blind chance. 3. The probability of something happening. Labels: countable Example: There is a 30 percent chance of rain tomorrow. Example: There is little chance of having the chance to approach such a big celeb. 4. probability; possibility. Labels: countable, plural, uncountable Example: Sometimes the name is changed because it is thought to be unlucky. If "Chua" is ill, the chances are that there are certain spirits who do not like his name, so the parents alter his name to "Mee," or something else, and then he gets well again. 5. What befalls or happens to a person; their lot or fate. Labels: archaic, countable Example: But at the moment when everything was going so well, there came one of those unforeseeable chances that reduce even the most circumspectly arranged plots to the significance of a mere toss-up. Example: Wild-visag'd Wanderer! ah for thy heavy chance!
Word: chance Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English chance, cheance, chaunce, cheaunce, a borrowing from Old French cheance (“accident, chance, luck”), from Vulgar Latin *cadentia (“falling”), from Latin cadere (“to fall, to die, to happen, occur”). Doublet of cadence and cadenza. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃʰɑːns], /t͡ʃäːns/ [t͡ʃʰäːns], /t͡ʃɐːns/ [t͡ʃʰɐːns], [t͡ʃɑːns], /t͡ʃæns/ [t͡ʃʰæns] 1. Happening by chance, casual. Labels: not-comparable Example: No crowd was about the door; no people were discernible at any of the many windows; not even a chance passer-by was in the street. An unnatural silence and desertion reigned there. Example: Heaven knows what pains the author has been at, what bitter experiences he has endured and what heartache suffered, to give some chance reader a few hours' relaxation or to while away the tedium of a journey.
Word: chance Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English chance, cheance, chaunce, cheaunce, a borrowing from Old French cheance (“accident, chance, luck”), from Vulgar Latin *cadentia (“falling”), from Latin cadere (“to fall, to die, to happen, occur”). Doublet of cadence and cadenza. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃʰɑːns], /t͡ʃäːns/ [t͡ʃʰäːns], /t͡ʃɐːns/ [t͡ʃʰɐːns], [t͡ʃɑːns], /t͡ʃæns/ [t͡ʃʰæns] 1. Perchance; perhaps. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete
Word: chance Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English chancen, chauncen, from the noun (see above). Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃʰɑːns], /t͡ʃäːns/ [t͡ʃʰäːns], /t͡ʃɐːns/ [t͡ʃʰɐːns], [t͡ʃɑːns], /t͡ʃæns/ [t͡ʃʰæns] 1. To happen by chance, to occur. Labels: archaic, intransitive Example: It chanced that I found a solution the very next day. Example: if a bird's nest chance to be before thee 2. To befall; to happen to. Labels: archaic, transitive Example: […] while the King and Godwine sate at the table, accompanied with others of the nobilitie, it chanced the cupbearer (as he brought wine to the bourd) to slip with the one foote, and yet by good strength of his other leg, to recover himselfe without falling […] 3. To try or risk. Example: Shall we carry the umbrella, or chance a rainstorm? Example: He does chance it in stocks, but he's always played on the square, if you call stocks gambling. 4. To discover something by chance. Example: He chanced upon a kindly stranger who showed him the way. Example: I chanced on this letter. 5. To rob, cheat or swindle someone. Labels: Belize Example: The car broke down a week after I bought it. I was chanced by that fast-talking salesman. Example: Be prepared to engage in protests of all businesses nationwide who are violating the copyright act and chancing our members. 6. To take an opportunity from someone; to cut a queue. Labels: Nigeria
Word: bread Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-der.? Proto-Germanic *braudą Proto-West Germanic *braud Old English brēad Middle English bred English bread From Middle English bred, breed, from Old English brēad (“fragment, bit, morsel, crumb", also "bread”), from Proto-West Germanic *braud, from Proto-Germanic *braudą (“bread”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil; to brew”), from *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). Alternatively, from Proto-Germanic *braudaz, *brauþaz (“broken piece, fragment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰera- (“to split, beat, hew, struggle”) (see brittle). Perhaps a conflation of the two. Possibly a doublet of broa. Cognates Cognate with Scots breid (“bread”), Yola breed (“bread”), North Frisian bruad, Bruar, brüüdj (“bread”), Saterland Frisian Brood (“bread”), West Frisian brea (“bread”), Alemannic German brot, broud, bruat, bròt, bröt (“bread”), Cimbrian proat, pròat (“bread”), Dutch brood (“bread”), German Brot (“bread”), German Low German Brod, Brood, Broot, Brot, Bräot (“bread”), Limburgish broed (“bread”), Luxembourgish Brout (“bread”), Mòcheno proat (“bread”), Vilamovian brūt (“bread; loaf”), Yiddish ברויט (broyt, “bread”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål brød (“bread”), Elfdalian broð (“bread”), Faroese breyð (“bread”), Icelandic brauð (“bread”), Norn brau, brow (“bread”), Norwegian Nynorsk braud, brød (“bread”), Swedish bröd (“bread”), Crimean Gothic broe (“bread”); also Cornish brys (“thought; mind”), Irish and Scottish Gaelic beir (“bear, give birth to”), Welsh bryd (“aim, intent”), Latin fors (“chance, luck”), Greek φέρνω (férno), φέρω (féro, “to bear, carry”), Albanian brydh (“to ripen, soften; to crumble”), Latvian bērt (“to pour; to scatter, strew”), Lithuanian berti (“to scatter, strew”), Belarusian бру́ха (brúxa, “belly”), Czech břich, břicho, břuch (“belly”), Kashubian brzëch (“belly”), Polish brzuch, brzucho (“belly”), Russian брю́хо (brjúxo, “belly”), Slovak brucho (“belly”), Armenian բերել (berel, “to bring, fetch”), Persian بردن (bordan/burdan, “to bear, carry”), Tocharian A and Tocharian B pär- (“to bear; to wear”), Sanskrit भारयति (bhārayati, “to carry”). Eclipsed non-native Middle English payn (“bread”), borrowed from Old French pain (“bread”). In this sense, mostly replaced loaf, which had been the more common term in Old English (see hlaf), a process which similarly occured in other languages such as German. Pronunciation: /brɛd/, /brɛːd/, /bɹɛd/, /bɹed/ 1. To coat with breadcrumbs. Labels: transitive Example: breaded fish
Word: bread Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English brede (“breadth, width, extent”), from Old English brǣdu (“breadth, width, extent”), from Proto-Germanic *braidį̄ (“breadth”). Cognate with Scots brede, breid (“breadth”), Dutch breedte (“breadth”), German Breite (“breadth”), Swedish bredd (“breadth”), Icelandic breidd (“breadth”). Pronunciation: /brɛd/, /brɛːd/, /bɹɛd/, /bɹed/ 1. Breadth. Labels: Scotland, UK, dialectal, obsolete
Word: bread Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Variant of braid, from Middle English breden, from Old English brēdan, breġdan (“to braid”). Pronunciation: /brɛd/, /brɛːd/, /bɹɛd/, /bɹed/ 1. To form in meshes; net. Labels: transitive
Word: bread Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Variant of braid, from Middle English breden, from Old English brēdan, breġdan (“to braid”). Pronunciation: /brɛd/, /brɛːd/, /bɹɛd/, /bɹed/ 1. A piece of embroidery; a braid.
Word: before Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- Old English be- Old English foran Old English beforan Middle English bifore English before Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”). Pronunciation: /bɪˈfɔː/, /bɪˈfoɹ/, /biˈfoɹ/, /bəˈfoɹ/, /bɪˈfoː/ 1. Earlier than (in time). Example: I want this done before Monday. Example: We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner. 2. In front of in space. Example: He stood before me. Example: We sat before the fire to warm ourselves. 3. In the presence of. Example: He performed before the troops in North Africa. Example: He spoke before a joint session of Congress. 4. Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone). Example: The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule. Example: If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…] 5. In store for, in the future of (someone). Example: Your whole life is before you. Example: The golden age[…]is before us. 6. In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items. Example: In alphabetical order, "cat" comes before "dog", "canine" before feline". 7. At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking. Example: An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations. Example: He that cometh after me is preferred before me.
Word: before Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- Old English be- Old English foran Old English beforan Middle English bifore English before Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”). Pronunciation: /bɪˈfɔː/, /bɪˈfoɹ/, /biˈfoɹ/, /bəˈfoɹ/, /bɪˈfoː/ 1. At an earlier time. Labels: not-comparable Example: I've never done this before. Example: This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before. 2. In advance in position or sequence; ahead. Labels: literary, not-comparable, poetic Example: We walked behind while they went before. 3. At the front end. Labels: not-comparable, uncommon Example: When people call this beast to mind, They marvel more and more At such a little tail behind, So LARGE a trunk before.
Word: before Part of Speech: conj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- Old English be- Old English foran Old English beforan Middle English bifore English before Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”). Pronunciation: /bɪˈfɔː/, /bɪˈfoɹ/, /biˈfoɹ/, /bəˈfoɹ/, /bɪˈfoː/ 1. In advance of the time when. Example: Near-synonym: no later than Example: Brush your teeth before you go to bed. 2. Rather or sooner than. Labels: informal Example: I'll die before I('ll) tell you anything about it.
Word: before Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider. Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi Proto-Germanic *bider. Proto-Germanic *bi- Proto-West Germanic *bi- Old English be- Old English foran Old English beforan Middle English bifore English before Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”). Pronunciation: /bɪˈfɔː/, /bɪˈfoɹ/, /biˈfoɹ/, /bəˈfoɹ/, /bɪˈfoː/ 1. Of before-and-after images: the one that shows the difference before a specified treatment. Example: On the left of the double column of photographs are the “befores.” Look at them! Fine boys all, yet here is an unformed mouth; there, a fine face just missing strength by a slight over-plumpness of feature; below, a clever face just a shade too “smart”; on the next page, a form too slight and beginning to stoop. On the right are the “afters.” Example: I told them that I was taking part in a ‘Before and After’ feature for the magazine. The beauty editor had picked a couple of girls in the office to experiment on. ‘I always think that the befores look better than the afters in that kind of experiment,’ Aunt G said. 2. That which occurred or existed previously. Labels: often, poetic, uncommon Example: As all are commanded to yield like the mummy when the dung beetle rolls the sun / before all the befores of the trillion nights past night and day / though I knew that the broken receding mouth of the Sphinx had nothing to add / of resurrection in the history of its grimace. Example: Your music has lasted since the beginning of the world. A stone was born in the waters. […] Voice rising to heaven, pure music, green primal root, mother-sea, before all the befores. 3. A previous form or instance. Labels: rare Example: A big wind blew all their befores away. Impacted teeth grew over their names. Even the lines in their hands unraveled, these are the lines they stand in to ask for their hands back. Example: I guess I should have known from all the befores / that when it’s all said and done / I don’t want to be / I won’t stand to be / I refuse to be / anything but YOURS
Word: chalk Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Pre-Greekbor.? Ancient Greek χᾰ́λῐξ (khắlĭx)bor.? substratebor.? Latin calxbor. Proto-West Germanic *kalk Old English ċealc Middle English chalk English chalk Inherited from Middle English chalk, chalke, from Old English ċealc, from Proto-West Germanic *kalk, borrowed from Latin calx (“limestone”), again borrowed from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”). Doublet of calx and cauk. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɔːk/, /t͡ʃoːk/, /t͡ʃɔk/, /t͡ʃɑk/, /t͡ʃɒk/ 1. A soft, white, powdery limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO₃). Labels: uncountable Example: chalk cliffs are not recommended for climbing 2. A piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO₄), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard). Labels: countable 3. Tailor's chalk. Labels: countable 4. A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃). Labels: uncountable Example: when working out your next move, it's a good idea to get some more chalk from the bag 5. A platoon-sized group of airborne soldiers. Labels: US, countable 6. The favorite in a sporting event. Labels: US, countable, uncountable 7. The prediction that there will be no upsets, and the favored competitor will win. Labels: US, countable, uncountable Example: OK, let's get rid of the chalk players right away. The chalk likes North Carolina. Dean Smith has taken Carolina to the Final Four six times. Example: Excuse us for sticking with the chalk, but the predicted winners are Afternoon Deelites in the Derby, Oliver McCall over Larry Holmes, Nick Faldo in the Masters, and Al Unser Jr. in the Grand Prix.
Word: chalk Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Pre-Greekbor.? Ancient Greek χᾰ́λῐξ (khắlĭx)bor.? substratebor.? Latin calxbor. Proto-West Germanic *kalk Old English ċealc Middle English chalk English chalk Inherited from Middle English chalk, chalke, from Old English ċealc, from Proto-West Germanic *kalk, borrowed from Latin calx (“limestone”), again borrowed from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”). Doublet of calx and cauk. Pronunciation: /t͡ʃɔːk/, /t͡ʃoːk/, /t͡ʃɔk/, /t͡ʃɑk/, /t͡ʃɒk/ 1. To apply chalk to anything, such as the tip of a billiard cue. Example: chalk your hands before climbing Example: After a leg stretch, we set off again at 11:30 hours in charge of U.S.A. No. 1736 (Miss Ohio had been chalked on her), a 2-8-0 utility engine. 2. To record something, as on a blackboard, using chalk. 3. To use powdered chalk to mark the lines on a playing field. 4. To record a score or event, as if on a chalkboard. Labels: figuratively Example: This Book it chaulketh out before thine eyes / The man that ſeeks the everlaſting Prize: / It ſhevvs you vvhence he comes, vvhither he goes, / VVhat he leaves undone; alſo vvhat he does: / It alſo ſhovvs you hovv he runs, and runs, / Till he unto the Gate of Glory comes. 5. To manure (land) with chalk. Example: Land that is chalked 6. To make white, as if with chalk; to make pale; to bleach. Example: Fear Stared in her eyes, and chalked her face
Word: basket Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Celtic *baskis Proto-Brythonicder. Late Latin bascauda Anglo-Norman bascatbor. Middle English basket English basket From Middle English basket, from Anglo-Norman baschet, basket, bascat, of obscure origin. Displaced native Old English mand. One theory is that it derives from Late Latin bascauda (“kettle, table-vessel”), from Proto-Brythonic (in Breton baskodenn), from Proto-Celtic *baskis (“bundle, load”), from purported Proto-Indo-European *bʰask- (“bundle”), but this is now widely viewed as a substrate word for phonetic reasons. Related to Latin fascis (“bundle, package, load”) (whence English fasces), Albanian bokshe (“bundle”), Breton bac'h (“bundle, load”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos) and βάσκιοι (báskioi) (“bundle (of sticks)”); see also faggot (“(originally) bundle of sticks”). Pronunciation: /ˈbɑːskɪt/, /ˈbaskɪt/, /ˈbaskɛt/, /ˈbæskɪt/, /ˈbæskət/ 1. To place in a basket or baskets. Labels: transitive 2. To cross-collateralize the royalty advances for multiple works so that the creator is not paid until all of those works have achieved a certain level of success. Labels: transitive Example: Foreign language paperback, serial and book club would be basketed together in a 50/50 subsidiary rights clause. Example: It may very well be that such "basketing" of hardcover, paperback, movie, and other rights within the divisions of […]
Word: condition Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English condicioun, from Old French condicion (French condition), from Latin condicio. An unetymological change in spelling due to a confusion with conditio. Pronunciation: /kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ 1. A state or quality. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: National reports on the condition of public education are dismal. Example: The condition of man can be classified as civilized or uncivilized. 2. A state or quality. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Hypnosis is a peculiar condition of the nervous system. Example: Steps were taken to ameliorate the condition of slavery. 3. A state or quality. Labels: countable, obsolete, uncountable Example: A man of his condition has no place to make requests. Example: [T]his Zeal was now inflamed by Lady Bellaſton, who had told her the preceding Evening, that ſhe was well ſatiſfied from the Conduct of Sophia, and from her Carriage to his Lordſhip, that all Delays would be dangerous, and that the only Way to ſucceed, was to preſs the Match forward with ſuch Rapidity, that the young Lady ſhould have no Time to reflect, and be obliged to conſent while ſhe ſcarce knew what ſhe did. In which Manner, ſhe ſaid, one half of the Marriages among People of Condition were brought about. 4. A state or quality. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: My aunt couldn’t walk up the stairs in her condition. Example: If the visual attention sequence of children with autism and TD children varied depending on the condition, we could argue that the inclusion of objects in the environment influences the visual attention patterns of both groups. 5. A state or quality. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: While the defense lawyers have likened the condition to the post traumatic stress disorders afflicting war veterans and battered women, which have been used in other insanity defense cases, they have said that they know of no previous trials when a "black rage" defense has been raised. 6. A requirement. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Environmental protection is a condition for sustainability. Example: What other planets might have the right conditions for life? 7. A logical clause or phrase that a conditional statement uses. The phrase can either be true or false. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. A clause in a contract or agreement indicating that a certain contingency may modify the principal obligation in some way. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: condition Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English condicioun, from Old French condicion (French condition), from Latin condicio. An unetymological change in spelling due to a confusion with conditio. Pronunciation: /kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ 1. To subject to the process of acclimation. Example: I became conditioned to the absence of seasons in San Diego. Example: Heat pumps condition the air on the first floor. 2. To subject to different conditions, especially as an exercise. Example: They were conditioning their shins in their karate class. 3. To make dependent on a condition to be fulfilled; to make conditional on. 4. To place conditions or limitations upon. Labels: transitive Example: Yet seas that daily gain upon the shore / Have ebb and flow conditioning their march, / And slow and sure comes up the golden year. 5. To shape the behaviour of someone to do something. Example: The children were conditioned to speak up if they had any disagreements. 6. To treat, especially hair with hair conditioner. Labels: transitive Example: Experiments on steep inclines in the United States showed that washing the rails with a detergent to remove oil and grease resulted in a marked improvement; but conditioning the rails with a special neutralising chemical completely eliminated slipping on a bank on which it was so common as to necessitate restriction of trainloads. 7. To contract; to stipulate; to agree. Labels: transitive Example: [P]ay me back my credit, / And I'll condition wi'ye. Example: [I]t was conditioned betweene Saturne and Titan, that Saturne being a yonger brother, and raigning (for his owne life), by Titans permiſſion, he ſhould put to death all his male children, leaſt the Titans might be interrupted by any of them in their ſucceſſion; which agreement becauſe Saturne performed in his firſt borne, it is fained that Saturne deuoured his owne children. 8. To test or assay, as silk (to ascertain the proportion of moisture it contains). Labels: transitive Example: divers parcel of silk conditioned or assayed 9. To put under conditions; to require to pass a new examination or to make up a specified study, as a condition of remaining in one's class or in college. Labels: US, transitive Example: to condition a student who has failed in some branch of study 10. To impose upon an object those relations or conditions without which knowledge and thought are alleged to be impossible. Example: "To think is thus to condition," because it is to know this or that object, and this or that object in a particular mode or condition.
Word: complex Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From French complexe, from Latin complexus, past participle of complector (“to entwine, encircle, compass, infold”), from com- (“together”) and plectō (“to weave, braid”). May be analyzed as com- + -plex. See complect. Doublet of complexus. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒmplɛks/, /kəmˈplɛks/, /kɑmˈplɛks/, /kəm-/, /ˈkɑmˌplɛks/ 1. Made up of multiple parts; composite; not simple. Example: a complex being; a complex idea Example: The human body is a complex system made up of many layers. 2. Not simple, easy, or straightforward; complicated. Example: If, when the actual motions of the heavens are calculated in the best possible way, the process is complex and difficult, and if we are discontented at this, nature, and not the astronomer, must be the object of our displeasure. 3. Having the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i is (by definition) the imaginary square root of −1. Example: complex number Example: function of a complex variable 4. Whose range is a subset of the complex numbers. Example: complex function 5. Whose coefficients are complex numbers; defined over the field of complex numbers. Example: complex polynomial Example: complex algebraic variety 6. A curve, polygon or other figure that crosses or intersects itself.
Word: complex Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French complexe, from Latin complexus, past participle of complector (“to entwine, encircle, compass, infold”), from com- (“together”) and plectō (“to weave, braid”). May be analyzed as com- + -plex. See complect. Doublet of complexus. Pronunciation: /ˈkɒmplɛks/, /ˈkɑmˌplɛks/ 1. A network of interconnected systems. Example: military–industrial complex 2. A collection of buildings with a common purpose, such as a university or military base. Example: The south polar region of Promethei Planum developed a Bermuda Triangle reputation. Satellites detected intermittent mass concentrations and magnetic field shifts. In 2148, prospectors working near Deseado Crater discovered an underground complex: a Prothean observation post. The odd phenomena were generated by the operation and discharge of a mass effect core, struggling to function despite fifty millennia of neglect. Example: A man at the complex said he had seen the often heavily made-up girls coming and going in luxury vehicles. 3. An assemblage of related things; a collection. Example: This parable of the wedding supper comprehends in it the whole complex of all the blessings and privileges exhibited by the gospel. 4. An assemblage of related things; a collection. 5. An assemblage of related things; a collection. Example: The fire complex began as two separate fires. Example: As of early Wednesday, there were at least 25 major wildfires and fire complexes, the term given to multiple fires in a single geographic area, burning in California, Christine McMorrow, a Cal Fire information officer, said. 6. An assemblage of related things; a collection. Example: Since then, a good deal of research has documented and concluded that the nominal species A. fraterculus actually comprises an unresolved complex of cryptic species. 7. A group of emotionally charged ideas or mental factors, unconsciously associated by the individual with a particular subject, arising from repressed instincts, fears, or desires and often resulting in mental abnormality. Example: Jim has a real complex about working for a woman boss. 8. A group of emotionally charged ideas or mental factors, unconsciously associated by the individual with a particular subject, arising from repressed instincts, fears, or desires and often resulting in mental abnormality. 9. A structure consisting of a central atom or molecule weakly connected to surrounding atoms or molecules, as for example coordination compounds in inorganic chemistry and protein complexes in biochemistry. Example: Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis:[…]. The evolutionary precursor of photosynthesis is still under debate, and a new study sheds light. The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the “water-oxidizing complex”, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom. 10. A complex number. Example: The interesting aspect here is that U₃ is irreducible, even though all irreps over the complexes are one-dimensional because ℤ₄ is abelian. 11. A multimorphemic word, one with several parts, one with affixes.
Word: complex Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From French complexe, from Latin complexus, past participle of complector (“to entwine, encircle, compass, infold”), from com- (“together”) and plectō (“to weave, braid”). May be analyzed as com- + -plex. See complect. Doublet of complexus. 1. To form a complex with another substance. Labels: intransitive 2. To complicate. Labels: transitive
Word: cruel Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English cruel, borrowed from Old French cruel, from Latin crūdēlis (“hard, severe, cruel”), akin to crūdus (“raw, crude”); see crude. Pronunciation: /ˈkɹuːəl/, /kɹuːl/, /kɹʊəl/, /ˈkɹʉul/, /ˈkɹʲuːl/ 1. Intentionally causing or reveling in pain and suffering; merciless, heartless. Example: The supervisor was very cruel to Josh, as he would always give Josh the hardest, most degrading work he could find. 2. Harsh; severe. Example: We're certainly having quite a cruel winter this year. Example: The thought that something might befall him that would leave her entirely at the mercy of this beast caused him greater anxiety than the probability that almost certain death awaited her should she be left entirely alone upon the outskirts of the cruel forest. 3. Cool; awesome; neat. Labels: slang
Word: cruel Part of Speech: adv Etymology: From Middle English cruel, borrowed from Old French cruel, from Latin crūdēlis (“hard, severe, cruel”), akin to crūdus (“raw, crude”); see crude. Pronunciation: /ˈkɹuːəl/, /kɹuːl/, /kɹʊəl/, /ˈkɹʉul/, /ˈkɹʲuːl/ 1. To a great degree; terribly. Labels: nonstandard, not-comparable Example: "But I've served 'im ten years, and I'm fond of 'im, and, mind you, 'e's a great man, when all's said an' done, and it's an honor to serve 'im. But 'e does try one cruel at times." Example: 'I've never got arthritis, though my old dad had it something cruel.'
Word: cruel Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English cruel, borrowed from Old French cruel, from Latin crūdēlis (“hard, severe, cruel”), akin to crūdus (“raw, crude”); see crude. Pronunciation: /ˈkɹuːəl/, /kɹuːl/, /kɹʊəl/, /ˈkɹʉul/, /ˈkɹʲuːl/ 1. To spoil or ruin (one's chance of success) Labels: Australia, New-Zealand Example: What cruelled him was that Imperial Hotel contract. Example: He was on the fringes of Test selection last year before a shoulder injury cruelled his chances. 2. To violently provoke (a child) in the belief that this will make them more assertive. Labels: Australia, ambitransitive Example: Violence is apparently introduced early by the practice of "cruelling": children even in their first months are physically punished and then encouraged to seek retribution by punishing the punisher. Example: […] I was referring to the area where you were talking about this practice of cruelling; the pinching of babies, sometimes so hard that their skin breaks and may go septic.
Word: cruel Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈkɹuːəl/, /kɹuːl/, /kɹʊəl/, /ˈkɹʉul/, /ˈkɹʲuːl/ 1. Alternative form of crewel. Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable
Word: butter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *gʷṓws Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws Proto-Hellenic *gʷous Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs) Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Indo-European *tuh₂rós Proto-Hellenic *tūrós Ancient Greek τυρός (turós) Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron)bor. Latin būtȳrumbor. Proto-West Germanic *buterā Old English butere Middle English buter English butter From Middle English buter, butter, from Old English butere, from Proto-West Germanic *buterā, from Latin būtȳrum, from Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron, “cow cheese”), compound of βοῦς (boûs, “ox, cow”) and τῡρός (tūrós, “cheese”). Cognate with Dutch boter and German Butter. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌtəɹ/, /ˈbʌtə/, /ˈbʌtɚ/, [ˈbʌɾɚ], /ˈbatə/ 1. A soft, fatty foodstuff made by churning the cream of milk (generally cow's milk). Labels: uncountable, usually 2. Any of various foodstuffs made from other foods or oils, similar in consistency to, eaten like or intended as a substitute for butter (preceded by the name of the food used to make it). Labels: uncountable, usually Example: peanut butter Example: soy butter 3. Any of various substances made from other (especially plant-based) oils or fats, used in moisturizers, cosmetics, etc. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Butters such as cocoa, illippe, kokum, mango, murumuru, sal (shorea) and shea occur naturally and are obtained directly from the plant. Example: Butters are triglycerides […]. Cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao) is used as an emollient in topical cosmetic formulations, […] South American and the Brazilian rainforest offer various plants with common butters used in the industry that include […] cupuaçu butter […] and murumuru butter from the murumuru palm tree (Astrocaryum murumuru). India is another source of many butters used in cosmetic products, including kokum butter extracted from the seeds of the Garcinia indica tree, mango butter from the Mangifera indica tree and shea butter[…] 4. Any specific soft substance. Labels: obsolete, uncountable, usually Example: butter of antimony; butter of arsenic 5. Something that is smooth, impressive, or appealing. (Compare smooth as butter.) Labels: attributive, slang, sometimes, uncountable, usually Example: That “Confessions” into “Nice and Slow” transition [at the Super Bowl LVIII halftime show] was buttah ! 6. Something that is smooth, impressive, or appealing. (Compare smooth as butter.) Labels: attributive, slang, sometimes, uncountable, usually Example: That landing was total butter!
Word: butter Part of Speech: verb Etymology: PIE word *gʷṓws Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws Proto-Hellenic *gʷous Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs) Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Indo-European *tuh₂rós Proto-Hellenic *tūrós Ancient Greek τυρός (turós) Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron)bor. Latin būtȳrumbor. Proto-West Germanic *buterā Old English butere Middle English buter English butter From Middle English buter, butter, from Old English butere, from Proto-West Germanic *buterā, from Latin būtȳrum, from Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron, “cow cheese”), compound of βοῦς (boûs, “ox, cow”) and τῡρός (tūrós, “cheese”). Cognate with Dutch boter and German Butter. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌtəɹ/, /ˈbʌtə/, /ˈbʌtɚ/, [ˈbʌɾɚ], /ˈbatə/ 1. To spread butter on. Labels: transitive Example: Butter the toast. 2. To move one's weight backwards or forwards onto the tips or tails of one's skis or snowboard so only the tip or tail is in contact with the snow. Similar to applying butter to bread with the end of a knife. 3. To move one's weight backwards or forwards onto the tips or tails of one's skis or snowboard so only the tip or tail is in contact with the snow. Similar to applying butter to bread with the end of a knife. 4. To increase (stakes) at every throw of dice, or every game. Labels: obsolete, slang, transitive
Word: butter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English butt Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English butter From butt + -er. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌtəɹ/, /ˈbʌtə/, /ˈbʌtɚ/, [ˈbʌɾɚ], /ˈbatə/ 1. Someone or something that butts. Example: […] these animals lacked self-correcting mechanisms of the kind seen in modern head-butters such as goats and big-horn sheep that would have kept the tremendous forces aligned with the rest of the skeleton. 2. Someone or something that butts in; a busybody.