Word: and Part of Speech: conj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Proto-Germanic *andi Old English and Middle English and English and Inherited from Middle English and, an, from Old English and, ond, end, from Proto-West Germanic *andi, from Proto-Germanic *andi, *anþi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Cognate with Scots an (“and”), North Frisian än (“and”), Saterland Frisian un (“and”), West Frisian en (“and”), Dutch en, ende (“and”), German und (“and”), German Low German on, un (“and”), Luxembourgish an (“and”), Vilamovian an, ana (“and”), Yiddish און (un), אונ (un), אונד (und), אונ׳ (un', “and”), Danish end (“still; ever; even”), Faroese enn (“still, yet”), Icelandic en (“and”), enn (“still, yet”), Norwegian Bokmål enn (“and”), Norwegian Nynorsk en, enn (“and”), Swedish än (“still, yet”), Albanian edhe (“and”) (dialectal ênde, ênne), ende (“still, yet, therefore”), Latin ante (“opposite, in front of”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “opposite, facing”). Doublet of an ("if"). Pronunciation: /ˈænd/, [ˈænd] ~ [and], /ˈand/, [and], [and] ~ [änd] 1. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke […] caste þher-to Safroun an Salt […] Example: Sweet lady, you have given me life and living; […] 2. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: When she saw several boys carrying a huge wooden case full of porcelain, she mumbled to Jinming that she was going to have a look, and left the room. Example: "Consensus is essential for the country," he said, adding that he was not "tied" to his post and was willing to step aside. 3. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: I'd been walking since sunrise, and I was hungry. Example: ‘But if you think you can get it, Christian, you're a fool. Set one foot upcountry and I'll kill you.’ 4. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Labels: obsolete Example: Hee said, I goe sir, and went not. 5. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Example: In Chicago these latter were receiving, for the most part, eighteen and a half cents an hour, and the unions wished to make this the general wage for the next year. 6. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Labels: colloquial, literary Example: And these does she apply, for warnings and portents, / And euils imminent; and on her knee / Hath begg'd, that I will stay at home to day. Example: Lions, and tigers, and bears! Oh, my! 7. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: I will extol thee, my God, O king; and I will bless thy name for ever and ever. Example: He was at work in a nearby city when the tsunami struck. ‘As soon as I saw it, I called home. It rang and rang, but there was no answer.’ 8. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: The word "capable" occurs in Mr. Fisher's Bill, and rightly, because our mental and physical capacities are infinitely varied. Example: President Pervez Musharraf is undoubtedly sincere in his belief that he, and he alone, can save Pakistan from the twin perils of terrorism and anarchy. 9. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps[…]. Example: ‘You take it smoothly now,’ said I, ‘but you were very serious last night, when you swore it was Death.’ ‘And so I swear it is Death,’ said he, putting his pipe back in his mouth[…]. 10. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Labels: colloquial, dialectal Example: Beyond paying her a few charming compliments and amusing her with gay conversation, had he done anything at all to try and gain her affection? Example: "What have you a been and given Pitt's wife?" said the individual in ribbons, when Pitt and Lady Jane had taken leave of the old gentleman. 11. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: Undoubtedly every party makes mistakes. But there are mistakes and mistakes. Example: "There are managers and there are managers," he tells me. "I'm totally involved in every aspect of Nina's career." 12. As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Example: Two and two is/are four. Example: ‘Nobody attempts to dispute that two and two make four: but with contests concerning moral truth, human passions are generally mixed[…].’ 13. Expressing a condition. Labels: US, dialectal Example: "Where ys Sir Launcelot?" seyde King Arthure. "And he were here, he wolde nat grucche to do batayle for you." Example: Peter answered, and sayde: master, and thou be he, bidde me come unto the on the water. 14. Expressing a condition. Labels: obsolete Example: I will roare you, and 'twere any Nightingale. Example: As they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their eggs. 15. Connecting two well-formed formulas to create a new well-formed formula that requires it to only be true when both of the two formulas are true.