nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: short Part of Speech: prep Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.? Proto-Germanic *skertaną Proto-Germanic *skurtaz Proto-West Germanic *skurt Old English sċort Middle English schort English short From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt. Cognates Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt. Pronunciation: /ʃɔːt/, /ʃɔɹt/, [ʃɔɹʔ] 1. Deficient in. Example: We are short a few men on the second shift. Example: He's short common sense. 2. Having a negative position in. Example: I don’t want to be short the market going into the weekend.
Word: shallow Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English schalowe (“not deep, shallow”); apparently related to Middle English schalde, schold, scheld, schealde (“shallow”), from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), from Proto-Germanic *skal-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to parch, dry out”). Related to Low German Scholl (“shallow water”). See also shoal. Pronunciation: /ˈʃæləʊ/, /ˈʃæloʊ/, /ˈʃalo/, /ˈʃalou/ 1. Having little depth; significantly less deep than wide. Example: This crater is relatively shallow. Example: Sauté the onions in a shallow pan. 2. Extending not far downward. Example: The water is shallow here. 3. Concerned mainly with superficial matters. Example: It was a glamorous but shallow lifestyle. 4. Lacking interest or substance; flat; one-dimensional. Example: The acting is good, but the characters are shallow. 5. Not intellectually deep; not penetrating deeply; simple; not wise or knowing. Example: shallow learning Example: The king was neither so shallow, nor so ill advertised, as not to perceive the intention of the French king. 6. Not deep in tone. Labels: obsolete Example: the sound perfecter and not so shallow and jarring 7. Not far forward, close to the net. Example: Rosol spurned the chance to finish off a shallow second serve by spooning into the net, and a wild forehand took the set to 5-4, with the native of Prerov required to hold his serve for victory. 8. Not steep; close to horizontal. Example: a shallow climb Example: a shallow descent
Word: shallow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English schalowe (“not deep, shallow”); apparently related to Middle English schalde, schold, scheld, schealde (“shallow”), from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), from Proto-Germanic *skal-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to parch, dry out”). Related to Low German Scholl (“shallow water”). See also shoal. Pronunciation: /ˈʃæləʊ/, /ˈʃæloʊ/, /ˈʃalo/, /ˈʃalou/ 1. A shallow portion of an otherwise deep body of water. Example: The ship ran aground in an unexpected shallow. Example: A swift stream is not heard in the channel, but […]upon shallows of gravel. 2. A fish, the rudd. 3. A costermonger's barrow. Labels: historical Example: You might have gone there quite as easily, and enjoyed yourself much more, had your mode of conveyance been the railway, or a hansom, or even a costermonger's shallow. 4. A shallow hotel pan. Labels: slang Example: Coordinate term: deep
Word: shallow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English schalowe (“not deep, shallow”); apparently related to Middle English schalde, schold, scheld, schealde (“shallow”), from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), from Proto-Germanic *skal-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to parch, dry out”). Related to Low German Scholl (“shallow water”). See also shoal. Pronunciation: /ˈʃæləʊ/, /ˈʃæloʊ/, /ˈʃalo/, /ˈʃalou/ 1. To make or become less deep. Labels: ambitransitive Example: The shallowing of Cenozoic age-frequency curves from tropics to poles thus appears to reflect the decreasing probability for genera to reach and remain established in progressively higher latitudes ( 9 ).
Word: narrow Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English narow, narowe, narewe, narwe, naru, from Old English nearu (“narrow, strait, confined, constricted, not spacious, limited, petty; limited, poor, restricted; oppressive, causing anxiety (of that which restricts free action of body or mind), causing or accompanied by difficulty, hardship, oppressive; oppressed, not having free action; strict, severe”), from Proto-West Germanic *naru, from Proto-Germanic *narwaz (“constricted, narrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ner- (“to turn, bend, twist, constrict”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian naar, noar, noor, nåår (“narrow”), Saterland Frisian noar (“narrow”), Dutch naar (“nasty, scary; sickening, unpleasant”), Danish and Swedish nor (“narrow strait”); also Sanskrit नृत् (nṛt, “to dance; act on stage, represent”). Pronunciation: /ˈnæɹəʊ/, /ˈnæɹoʊ/, /ˈnɛɹoʊ/, /ˈnaɾo/, /ˈnaɾou/ 1. Having a small width; not wide; having opposite edges or sides that are close, especially by comparison to length or depth. Example: a narrow hallway Example: She was like a Beardsley Salome, he had said. And indeed she had the narrow eyes and the high cheekbone of that creature, and as nearly the sinuosity as is compatible with human symmetry. 2. Of little extent; very limited; circumscribed. Example: The Jews were but a small nation, and confined to a narrow compass in the world. 3. Restrictive; without flexibility or latitude. Labels: figuratively Example: a narrow interpretation 4. Contracted; of limited scope; bigoted Labels: alt-of, contracted Example: a narrow mind Example: narrow views 5. Having a small margin or degree. Example: a narrow escape Example: The Republicans won by a narrow majority. 6. Limited as to means; straitened Labels: dated Example: narrow circumstances 7. Parsimonious; niggardly; covetous; selfish. Example: a very narrow […] and stinted charity 8. Scrutinizing in detail; close; accurate; exact. Example: But first with narrow search I must walk round / This garden, and no corner leave unspied. 9. Formed (as a vowel) by a close position of some part of the tongue in relation to the palate; or (according to Bell) by a tense condition of the pharynx; distinguished from wide. 10. Of or supporting only those text characters that can fit into the traditional 8-bit representation. Example: a narrow character; a narrow stream
Word: narrow Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English narow, narowe, narewe, narwe, naru, from Old English nearu (“narrow, strait, confined, constricted, not spacious, limited, petty; limited, poor, restricted; oppressive, causing anxiety (of that which restricts free action of body or mind), causing or accompanied by difficulty, hardship, oppressive; oppressed, not having free action; strict, severe”), from Proto-West Germanic *naru, from Proto-Germanic *narwaz (“constricted, narrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ner- (“to turn, bend, twist, constrict”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian naar, noar, noor, nåår (“narrow”), Saterland Frisian noar (“narrow”), Dutch naar (“nasty, scary; sickening, unpleasant”), Danish and Swedish nor (“narrow strait”); also Sanskrit नृत् (nṛt, “to dance; act on stage, represent”). Pronunciation: /ˈnæɹəʊ/, /ˈnæɹoʊ/, /ˈnɛɹoʊ/, /ˈnaɾo/, /ˈnaɾou/ 1. A narrow passage, especially a contracted part of a stream, lake, or sea; a strait connecting two bodies of water. Labels: in-plural Example: the narrows of New York harbor Example: Near the island lay on one side the jaws of a dangerous narrow.
Word: narrow Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English narwen (“to narrow”); see there for more details, but ultimately derived from the noun. Pronunciation: /ˈnæɹəʊ/, /ˈnæɹoʊ/, /ˈnɛɹoʊ/, /ˈnaɾo/, /ˈnaɾou/ 1. To reduce in width or extent; to contract. Labels: transitive Example: We need to narrow the search. 2. To get narrower. Labels: intransitive Example: The road narrows. 3. To partially lower one's eyelids in a way usually taken to suggest a defensive, aggressive or penetrating look. Example: He stepped in front of me, narrowing his eyes to slits. Example: She wagged her finger in his face, and her eyes narrowed. 4. To contract the size of, as a stocking, by taking two stitches into one. 5. To convert to a data type that cannot hold as many distinct values. Labels: transitive Example: to narrow an int variable to a short variable
Word: wide Part of Speech: adv Etymology: PIE word *dwóh₁ From Middle English wid, wyd, from Old English wīd (“wide, vast, broad, long; distant, far”), from Proto-Germanic *wīdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“to divide, separate”), a dissimilated univerbation from *dwi- (“apart, asunder, in two”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian widj (“wide”), Saterland Frisian wied (“wide”), West Frisian wiid (“broad; wide”), Central Franconian weck, weit, wick, wiet (“distant, far, wide”), Dutch wijd (“wide; large; broad”), German weit (“far; wide; broad”), Luxembourgish weit (“wide”), wäit (“far”), Yiddish ווײַט (vayt, “distant, far”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish vid (“wide”), Faroese and Icelandic víður (“wide”); also Breton gwez (“trees”), Cornish gwedh, gwëdh, gwydh, gwÿdh (“trees”), Irish and Scottish Gaelic fiodh (“timber, wood”), Manx fuygh (“timber, wood”), Welsh gwŷdd (“trees”), Latin dīvidō (“to divide, separate”), Latgalian vyds (“middle”), Latvian vidus (“center, middle”), Lithuanian vidùs (“interior, inside; inward”), Tocharian A and Tocharian B wätk- (“to distinguish, separate”). Related to widow. Pronunciation: /waɪd/, /wɑed/ 1. Extensively. Example: He travelled far and wide. 2. Completely. Example: He was wide awake. 3. Away from or to one side of a given goal. Example: The arrow fell wide of the mark. Example: A few shots were fired but they all went wide. 4. So as to leave or have a great space between the sides; so as to form a large opening. Example: And with his knee the dore he opens wide
Word: wide Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *dwóh₁ From Middle English wid, wyd, from Old English wīd (“wide, vast, broad, long; distant, far”), from Proto-Germanic *wīdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“to divide, separate”), a dissimilated univerbation from *dwi- (“apart, asunder, in two”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian widj (“wide”), Saterland Frisian wied (“wide”), West Frisian wiid (“broad; wide”), Central Franconian weck, weit, wick, wiet (“distant, far, wide”), Dutch wijd (“wide; large; broad”), German weit (“far; wide; broad”), Luxembourgish weit (“wide”), wäit (“far”), Yiddish ווײַט (vayt, “distant, far”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish vid (“wide”), Faroese and Icelandic víður (“wide”); also Breton gwez (“trees”), Cornish gwedh, gwëdh, gwydh, gwÿdh (“trees”), Irish and Scottish Gaelic fiodh (“timber, wood”), Manx fuygh (“timber, wood”), Welsh gwŷdd (“trees”), Latin dīvidō (“to divide, separate”), Latgalian vyds (“middle”), Latvian vidus (“center, middle”), Lithuanian vidùs (“interior, inside; inward”), Tocharian A and Tocharian B wätk- (“to distinguish, separate”). Related to widow. Pronunciation: /waɪd/, /wɑed/ 1. A ball that passes so far from the batsman that the umpire deems it unplayable; the arm signal used by an umpire to signal a wide; the extra run added to the batting side's score
Word: high Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kewk- Proto-Indo-European *kówk-o-s Proto-Germanic *hauhaz Proto-West Germanic *hauh Old English hēah Middle English heigh English high From Middle English high, heigh, heih, from Old English hēah (“high, tall, lofty, high-class, exalted, sublime, illustrious, important, proud, haughty, deep, right”), from Proto-West Germanic *hauh (“high”), from Proto-Germanic *hauhaz (“high”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“to bend; crooked”). Cognates Cognate with Scots heich (“high”), Yola heegh, heigh, heighe, hia, hie (“high”), North Frisian hoog, huuch (“high”), Saterland Frisian hooch, hoog (“high”), West Frisian heech (“high”), Alemannic German hooch (“high”), Central Franconian huh (“high”), Cimbrian hoach, hòach (“high”), Dutch hoog (“high”), German hoch (“high”), German Low German hooch (“high”), Limburgish hoeg (“high”), Luxembourgish héich (“high”), Mòcheno heach (“high”), Vilamovian huch (“high”), Yiddish הויך (hoykh, “high”), Danish høj (“high”), Faroese háur, høgur (“high”), Gutnish haugar (“high”), Icelandic hár (“high”), Norwegian Bokmål høg, høy (“high”), Norwegian Nynorsk høg, håg, hå (“high”), Swedish hög (“high”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃 (hauhs, “high”), Vandalic *oas (“high”), Old French haut (“high”) (from Old High German hoh (“high”)); also with Ancient Greek Καύκᾰσος (Kaúkăsos, “Caucasus”), Latvian koks (“tree”), Lithuanian kúoka (“stick with thick end, pounder, pestle”), Bulgarian ку́ка (kúka, “hook”), Albanian çukë (“peak, summit, top”). Pronunciation: /haɪ/, [haɪ̯] 1. In or to an elevated position. Example: How high above land did you fly? Example: The desks were piled high with magazines. 2. In or at a great value. Example: Costs have grown higher this year again. 3. At a pitch of great frequency. Example: I certainly can't sing that high.
Word: high Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English hegen, heghen, heien, a conflation of Old English ġehēgan (“to perform, conduct”) (from Proto-West Germanic *hauwjan) and hēan (“to raise up, exalt”) (from *hauhijan), also influenced by heigh (“high”). Pronunciation: /haɪ/, [haɪ̯] 1. To rise. Labels: obsolete Example: The sun higheth.
Word: high Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See hie. Pronunciation: /haɪ/, [haɪ̯] 1. Alternative form of hie (“to hasten”). Labels: alt-of, alternative, obsolete
Word: broad Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-der.? Proto-Germanic *braidaz Proto-West Germanic *braid Old English brād Middle English brod English broad From Middle English brood, brode, from Old English brād (“broad, flat, open, extended, spacious, wide, ample, copious”), from Proto-West Germanic *braid, from Proto-Germanic *braidaz (“broad, wide”), of uncertain origin. Cognates Cognate with Yola brode (“broad”), North Frisian bread, breeđ, briad, briid, briidj (“wide”), Saterland Frisian and West Frisian breed (“broad, wide”), Bavarian brad, broad (“broad, wide”), Central Franconian and Luxembourgish breet (“broad, wide”), Dutch breed (“broad, wide”), German breit (“broad, wide”), Vilamovian braat (“broad, wide”), Yiddish ברייט (breyt, “broad, wide”), Danish and Swedish bred (“broad, wide”), Faroese and Icelandic breiður (“broad, wide”), Norwegian Bokmål bred, brei (“broad, wide”), Norwegian Nynorsk brei, breid (“broad, wide”), Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (braiþs, “broad, wide”). Pronunciation: /bɹɔːd/, /bɹoːd/, /bɹɔd/, /bɹɑd/, /bɹɒd/ 1. Wide in extent or scope. Example: three feet broad Example: the broad expanse of ocean 2. Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full. Example: broad and open day Example: crushing the minds of its victims in the broad and open day 3. Having a large measure of any thing or quality; unlimited; unrestrained. Example: a broad mixture of falsehood 4. Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged. Example: The words in the Constitution are broad enough to include the case. Example: in a broad, statesmanlike, and masterly way 5. Plain; evident. Example: a broad hint 6. General rather than specific. Example: to be in broad agreement 7. Unsubtle; obvious. Example: Lee: I wrote that line for you. Maeve: A bit broad, if you ask me. 8. Free; unrestrained; unconfined. Example: as broad and general as the casing air 9. Gross; coarse; indelicate. Labels: dated Example: a broad compliment; a broad joke; broad humour 10. Strongly regional. Example: She still has a broad Scottish accent, despite moving to California 20 years ago. 11. Velarized, i.e. not palatalized.
Word: broad Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-der.? Proto-Germanic *braidaz Proto-West Germanic *braid Old English brād Middle English brod English broad From Middle English brood, brode, from Old English brād (“broad, flat, open, extended, spacious, wide, ample, copious”), from Proto-West Germanic *braid, from Proto-Germanic *braidaz (“broad, wide”), of uncertain origin. Cognates Cognate with Yola brode (“broad”), North Frisian bread, breeđ, briad, briid, briidj (“wide”), Saterland Frisian and West Frisian breed (“broad, wide”), Bavarian brad, broad (“broad, wide”), Central Franconian and Luxembourgish breet (“broad, wide”), Dutch breed (“broad, wide”), German breit (“broad, wide”), Vilamovian braat (“broad, wide”), Yiddish ברייט (breyt, “broad, wide”), Danish and Swedish bred (“broad, wide”), Faroese and Icelandic breiður (“broad, wide”), Norwegian Bokmål bred, brei (“broad, wide”), Norwegian Nynorsk brei, breid (“broad, wide”), Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (braiþs, “broad, wide”). Pronunciation: /bɹɔːd/, /bɹoːd/, /bɹɔd/, /bɹɑd/, /bɹɒd/ 1. A shallow lake, one of a number of bodies of water in eastern Norfolk and Suffolk. Labels: UK 2. A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders. 3. A British gold coin worth 20 shillings, issued by the Commonwealth of England in 1656. Labels: UK, historical 4. A kind of floodlight. Example: […] fresnel spotlights, old-type broads, sky-pans, cone-lights, etc. Example: Some broads have barn doors (see page 115) to block gross light spill into other set areas; others have even an adjustable beam, […] 5. A playing card. Labels: archaic, slang Example: I reckon as old Sol couldn't ha' lived without a pack of broads. If he couldn't find anybody to play with him, he'd play alone, […]
Word: broad Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Early 20th century, apparent phono-semantic matching of German Braut (“bride”, also “girlfriend”, and more generally “broad, chick”). 1. A prostitute, a woman of loose morals. Labels: US, dated Example: “Now we go up Bowery Street look at broads. Me pay.” 2. A woman or girl. Labels: US, dated, slang Example: They always hook you in the end, them broads. This whole trouble is on account of a dame reads a book. Example: Hey, man, Truck, you got to understand, she's a no class broad and you a gross son of a bitch. Naturally, she don't like you.
Word: living Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English livynge, libbyng, livinde, livand, livende, libbinde, libbende, from Old English lifiġende, lifiende, libbende, from Proto-West Germanic *libbjandī, from Proto-Germanic *libjandz (“living”), present participle of Proto-Germanic *libjaną (“to live”), equivalent to live + -ing. Cognate with West Frisian libbend (“living”), Dutch levend (“living”), German lebend (“living”), Swedish levande (“living”), Icelandic lifandi (“living”). Pronunciation: /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ 1. present participle of live Labels: form-of, participle, present
Word: living Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English livynge, libbyng, livinde, livand, livende, libbinde, libbende, from Old English lifiġende, lifiende, libbende, from Proto-West Germanic *libbjandī, from Proto-Germanic *libjandz (“living”), present participle of Proto-Germanic *libjaną (“to live”), equivalent to live + -ing. Cognate with West Frisian libbend (“living”), Dutch levend (“living”), German lebend (“living”), Swedish levande (“living”), Icelandic lifandi (“living”). Pronunciation: /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ 1. Having life; alive. Labels: not-comparable Example: a living, breathing child Example: Respect for the dead does not preclude respect for the living. 2. In use or existing. Labels: not-comparable Example: Hunanese is a living language. Example: The cab pulled up in front of a tumbledown cheap ‘villa’ in an unfinished cheap neighbourhood, — the whole place a living monument of the defeat of the speculative builder. 3. True to life. Labels: not-comparable Example: This is the living image of Fidel Castro. 4. Of rock or stone, existing in its original state and place. Labels: not-comparable Example: This we followed for about five paces, when it suddenly widened out into a small chamber, about eight feet square, and hewn out of the living rock. 5. Continually updated; not static Labels: not-comparable Example: HTML is a living standard. 6. Used as an intensifier. Labels: not-comparable Example: He almost beat the living daylights out of me.
Word: living Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English livynge, libbynge, equivalent to live + -ing. Cognate with Middle Dutch levinge, (whence Dutch leving (“way of life, living”)), Middle Low German lēvinge (“living”). Pronunciation: /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ 1. The state of being alive. Labels: uncountable 2. Financial means; a means of maintaining life; livelihood Labels: countable, uncountable Example: it's a living Example: What do you do for a living? 3. A style of life. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: plain living Example: The National Brewing Company declared that the Chesapeake Bay region was the Land of Pleasant Living. 4. Those who are alive: living people. Labels: countable, uncountable, with-definite-article Example: in the land of the living Example: Glad to see you're still among the living! [good-humored greeting] 5. A position in a church (usually the Church of England) that has attached to it a source of income; an ecclesiastical benefice. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: A Rectory or Parſonage, is a Spirituall liuing, compoſed of Land, Tythe, and other Oblations of the people, ſeparate or dedicate to God in any Congregation, for the ſeruice of his Church there, and for the maintenance of the Gouernour or Miniſter thereof, to vvhoſe charge the ſame is committed. Example: The patron of the living who had the right to nominate a particular priest might make the choice, but the living was actually granted by the local bishop.
Word: life Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English lyf, from Old English līf, from Proto-West Germanic *līb, from Proto-Germanic *lībą (“life, body”), from *lībaną (“to remain, stay, be left”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to stick, glue”). Cognate with Scots life, leif (“life”), Saterland Frisian Lieuw (“body”), West Frisian liif (“body”), Cimbrian laip (“body”), Dutch lijf (“body”) and leven (“life”), German Leib (“body; womb”) and Leben (“life”), Low German Lief (“body; life”), Luxembourgish Leif, Läif (“body”), Vilamovian łaowa (“life”), Yiddish לײַב (layb, “body”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish liv (“life; waist”), Faroese lív (“life”), Icelandic líf (“life”). Related to belive. The sense "biography" is likely a semantic loan from Medieval Latin vīta (“biography; hagiography”). Pronunciation: /ˈlaɪ̯f/, [ˈlaɪ̯f], /ˈlɐɪ̯f/, [ˈlɐɪ̯f], /ˈlɜɪ̯f/ 1. To replace components whose operational lifetime has expired. Example: Now, the aim of the design is to extract more cycles from the component under study, at each new engine generation requirements are driving a reduction in the margin for the error, as parts cannot stand any drop in properties. Thus, the lifing procedures are refined by means of new models or additional specific testing for limiting features to increase the life of the components; […] Example: A decision was made as a matter of internal policy that all 'lifed' components on the two Royal aircraft would be removed at half-life and fitted to the two support aircraft, where the remaining life would be used prior to overhaul at the normal time.
Word: life Part of Speech: intj Etymology: From Middle English lyf, from Old English līf, from Proto-West Germanic *līb, from Proto-Germanic *lībą (“life, body”), from *lībaną (“to remain, stay, be left”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to stick, glue”). Cognate with Scots life, leif (“life”), Saterland Frisian Lieuw (“body”), West Frisian liif (“body”), Cimbrian laip (“body”), Dutch lijf (“body”) and leven (“life”), German Leib (“body; womb”) and Leben (“life”), Low German Lief (“body; life”), Luxembourgish Leif, Läif (“body”), Vilamovian łaowa (“life”), Yiddish לײַב (layb, “body”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish liv (“life; waist”), Faroese lív (“life”), Icelandic líf (“life”). Related to belive. The sense "biography" is likely a semantic loan from Medieval Latin vīta (“biography; hagiography”). Pronunciation: /ˈlaɪ̯f/, [ˈlaɪ̯f], /ˈlɐɪ̯f/, [ˈlɐɪ̯f], /ˈlɜɪ̯f/ 1. Synonym of God's life (an oath). Labels: obsolete
Word: liquid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- Proto-Indo-European *wlikʷ-éh₁-ye-ti Proto-Italic *wlikʷēō Latin liqueō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin liquidusbor. Old French liquidebor. Middle English liquide English liquid From Middle English liquide, from Old French liquide, from Latin liquidus (“fluid, liquid, moist”), from liqueō (“to be liquid, be fluid”). Doublet of liquidus. As a term for a consonant, it comes from Latin liquida (cōnsōnāns), a calque of Ancient Greek ὑγρὸν (σύμφωνον) (hugròn (súmphōnon), “liquid consonant”). Pronunciation: /ˈlɪk.wɪd/, [ˈlɪk.wɪd] 1. A substance that is flowing, and keeping no shape, such as water; a substance of which the molecules, while not tending to separate from one another like those of a gas, readily change their relative position, and which therefore retains no definite shape, except that determined by the containing receptacle; an inelastic fluid. Labels: countable, physical, uncountable Example: A liquid can freeze to become a solid or evaporate into a gas. Example: The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania.[…]It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber. Other liquids produced in the refining process, too unstable or smoky for lamplight, were burned or dumped. 2. Any of a class of consonant sounds that includes l and r. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Many female forenames are regarded as euphonyms. What is and is not euphonious is necessarily subjective, but it could be suggested that names containing labials (b, m), sibilants (s, sh) and liquids (l, r) are more likely to be euphonyms than those that do not. Example: […]-able does not attach to verbs ending in a postconsonantal liquid […]
Word: liquid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- Proto-Indo-European *wlikʷ-éh₁-ye-ti Proto-Italic *wlikʷēō Latin liqueō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin liquidusbor. Old French liquidebor. Middle English liquide English liquid From Middle English liquide, from Old French liquide, from Latin liquidus (“fluid, liquid, moist”), from liqueō (“to be liquid, be fluid”). Doublet of liquidus. As a term for a consonant, it comes from Latin liquida (cōnsōnāns), a calque of Ancient Greek ὑγρὸν (σύμφωνον) (hugròn (súmphōnon), “liquid consonant”). Pronunciation: /ˈlɪk.wɪd/, [ˈlɪk.wɪd] 1. Flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid and not gaseous; composed of particles that move freely among each other on the slightest pressure. Labels: physical Example: liquid nitrogen 2. Easily sold or disposed of without losing value. 3. Having sufficient trading activity to make buying or selling easy. 4. Flowing or sounding smoothly or without abrupt transitions or harsh tones. Example: a liquid melody 5. Belonging to a class of consonants comprising the laterals and the rhotics, which in many languages behave similarly. Example: /l/ and /r/ are liquid consonants. 6. Fluid and transparent. Example: the liquid air
Word: solid Part of Speech: adv Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-i-dʰ-o-s Proto-Italic *soliðos Latin solidusder. Old French solidebor. Middle English solide English solid From Middle English solide, borrowed from Old French solide, from Latin solidus (“solid”), from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-i-dʰ-o-s (“entire”), suffixed form of root *solh₂- (“integrate, whole”). Doublet of sol, sold, soldo, solidus, sou, and xu. Pronunciation: /ˈsɒl.ɪd/, /ˈsɑ.lɪd/ 1. Solidly. Example: True, not ten of these mines were yielding rock worth hauling to a mill, but everybody said, "Wait till the shaft gets down where the ledge comes in solid, and then you will see!" Example: Hm-m-—These papers are complete—They make Mortimer and Matilda the legal guardians of Babs—ought to put me in more solid than ever with Miss Effie—and that home is good graft. 2. Without spaces or hyphens. Labels: not-comparable Example: Many long-established compounds are set solid.
Word: solid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English solid, from the adjective, Middle French solide, or Latin solidum. Doublet of solidum. Pronunciation: /ˈsɒl.ɪd/, /ˈsɑ.lɪd/ 1. A substance in the fundamental state of matter that retains its size and shape without need of a container (as opposed to a liquid or gas). 2. A three-dimensional figure (as opposed to a surface, an area, or a curve). 3. A favor. Labels: informal Example: Please do me a solid: lend me your car for one week. Example: I owe him; he did me a solid last year. 4. An article of clothing which is of a single color throughout. Example: I prefer solids over paisleys. 5. Food which is not liquid-based. Labels: in-plural Example: The doctor said I can't eat any solids four hours before the operation.
Word: plasma Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Hellenic *plátʰyō Proto-Hellenic *pláťťō? Ancient Greek πλάσσω (plássō) Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Ancient Greek -μα (-ma) Ancient Greek πλᾰ́σμᾰ (plắsmă)der. Late Latin plasmader. English plasma From Late Latin plasma (“mold”), from Ancient Greek πλάσμα (plásma, “something formed”). Pronunciation: /ˈplæzmə/ 1. A state of matter consisting of partially ionized gas and electrons. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: plasma arc cutter Example: plasma cutter 2. A clear component of blood or lymph containing fibrin. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: blood plasma Example: lymph plasma 3. A variety of green quartz, used in ancient times for making engraved ornaments. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: hair-pins of jade, ivory, and plasma 4. A mixture of starch and glycerin, used as a substitute for ointments. Labels: countable, dated, uncountable 5. Protoplasm. Labels: archaic, countable, uncountable 6. A visual effect in which cycles of changing colours are warped in various ways to give the illusion of liquid organic movement. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Has anyone here written a plasma demo in C/C++ who would be willing to explain to me exactly how it works? Example: However, it displayed some unique copper magic routines and plasma effects.
Word: plasma Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Hellenic *plátʰyō Proto-Hellenic *pláťťō? Ancient Greek πλάσσω (plássō) Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Ancient Greek -μα (-ma) Ancient Greek πλᾰ́σμᾰ (plắsmă)der. Late Latin plasmader. English plasma From Late Latin plasma (“mold”), from Ancient Greek πλάσμα (plásma, “something formed”). Pronunciation: /ˈplæzmə/ 1. To transform something into plasma. Labels: transitive
Word: melt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English melten, from a merger of Old English meltan (intransitive) and mieltan (transitive), both meaning “to melt, digest,” from Proto-West Germanic *meltan and *maltijan, from Proto-Germanic *meltaną and *maltijaną, both from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“melt”). Cognate with Icelandic melta (“to digest”). Pronunciation: /mɛlt/ 1. To change (or to be changed) from a solid state to a liquid state, usually by a gradual heat. Labels: ergative Example: I melted butter to make a cake. Example: When the weather is warm, the snowman will disappear; he will melt. 2. To dissolve, disperse, vanish. Labels: figuratively, intransitive Example: His troubles melted away. Example: I gave him a couple of Advil and, after a few minutes, urged him back onto the track. Over the next few laps his pained expression slowly melted, although he still shuffled with a slight limp. 3. To soften, as by a warming or kindly influence; to relax; to render gentle or susceptible to mild influences; sometimes, in a bad sense, to take away the firmness of; to weaken. Labels: ambitransitive, figuratively Example: Thou would'st have […] melted down thy youth. Example: For pity melts the mind to love. 4. To be discouraged. Labels: intransitive 5. To be emotionally softened or touched. Labels: figuratively, intransitive Example: She melted when she saw the romantic message in the Valentine's Day card. Example: My heart melted when I first heard the song. 6. To be very hot and sweat profusely. Labels: colloquial, intransitive Example: I need shade! I'm melting!
Word: melt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English melten, from a merger of Old English meltan (intransitive) and mieltan (transitive), both meaning “to melt, digest,” from Proto-West Germanic *meltan and *maltijan, from Proto-Germanic *meltaną and *maltijaną, both from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“melt”). Cognate with Icelandic melta (“to digest”). Pronunciation: /mɛlt/ 1. Molten material, the product of melting. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The crust (a mere 1% of the Earth's volume) is made of lighter melt products from the mantle. Example: Users can see how a glacier at the summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania retreated between December 1986 and 2020, as well as glacial melt in Sermersooq, Greenland, between December 2000 and 2020. 2. The transition of matter from a solid state to a liquid state. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. The springtime snow runoff in mountain regions. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. A melt sandwich. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: I recently asked a group of people whether they had eaten tuna melts as a kid. Everyone remembered a version of this dish. 5. Rock showing evidence of having been remelted after it originally solidified. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: Numerous samples of breccia and impact melts were recovered by drilling into the floor of the crater. 6. A wax-based substance for use in an oil burner as an alternative to mixing oils and water. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A soft, soppy, or overly emotional person. Labels: UK, countable, derogatory, slang, uncountable Example: You are from Blackburn you fucking melt...have a bastard word with yourself. Example: Kiss it ya melt! 8. A centre-left or liberal person, when in opposition to a leftist; (especially) a critic of Jeremy Corbyn within the Labour Party. Labels: UK, countable, derogatory, slang, uncountable Example: Anyone who said different was a Tory, a melt or – worse – a Blairite. Centrists (mostly Labour voters) were the devil incarnate. Example: They developed their own lexicon, with Corbyn critics referred to as 'melts' or 'slugs' while their man was lauded as 'the absolute boy'. 9. Alternative spelling of milt (“the semen of a male fish, used as food”). Labels: alt-of, alternative, countable, uncountable Example: A mass of herring melts, tinged with the streams of claret, had fallen into his hair, and this, added to his temporary stupor, had led to the Doctor's mistake.
Word: sublimate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English sublymate, from Latin sublīmātus, past participle of sublīmāre (“to raise, elevate”). Pronunciation: /ˈsʌblɪmeɪt/ 1. To heat (a substance) in a container so as to convert it into a gas which then condenses in solid form on cooler parts of the container. Labels: transitive 2. To heat (a substance) in a container so as to convert it into a gas which then condenses in solid form on cooler parts of the container. Labels: transitive 3. To refine (something) until it disappears or loses all meaning. Labels: broadly, figuratively, transitive 4. To modify (the natural expression of a sexual or primitive instinct) in a socially acceptable manner; to divert the energy of (such an instinct) into some acceptable activity. Labels: broadly, figuratively, transitive Example: Foreigners extol the American "energy" […] Basically it is the energy of violence, of free-floating resentment and anxiety unleashed by chronic cultural dislocations which must be, for the most part, ferociously sublimated. This energy has mainly been sublimated into crude materialism and acquisitiveness. Example: When he got home from the parade, however, Professor Solanka was seized by melancholy, his usual secret sadness, which he sublimated into the public sphere. Something was amiss with the world. The optimistic peace-and-love philosophy of his youth having given him up, he no longer knew how to reconcile himself to an increasingly phoney […] reality. 5. To obtain (something) through, or as if through, sublimation. Labels: archaic, broadly, figuratively, transitive 6. To purify or refine (a substance). Labels: archaic, broadly, figuratively, transitive Example: The precepts of Christianity are […] so apt […] to cleanse and sublimate the more gross and corrupt. 7. Synonym of sublime. Labels: also, broadly, figuratively, transitive 8. Synonym of sublime. Labels: broadly, figuratively, transitive 9. Of a substance: to change from a solid into a gas without passing through the liquid state, with or without being heated. Labels: intransitive 10. Of a substance: to change from a gas into a solid without passing through the liquid state. Labels: intransitive 11. To modify the natural expression of a sexual or primitive instinct in a socially acceptable manner; to divert the energy of such an instinct into some acceptable activity. Labels: figuratively, intransitive 12. Synonym of sublime (“to become higher in quality or status; to improve”). Labels: figuratively, intransitive
Word: sublimate Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English sublymate, from Latin sublīmātus, past participle of sublīmāre (“to raise, elevate”). Pronunciation: /ˈsʌblɪmeɪt/, /ˈsʌblɪmət/ 1. A product obtained by sublimation.
Word: condense Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French condenser, from Latin condēnsō. Pronunciation: /kənˈdɛns/ 1. To concentrate toward the essence by making more close, compact, or dense, thereby decreasing size or volume. Labels: transitive Example: An abridged dictionary can be further condensed to pocket size. Example: Boiling off water condenses a thin sauce into a soupier mixture. 2. To transform from a gaseous state into a liquid state via condensation. Labels: transitive 3. To be transformed from a gaseous state into a liquid state. Labels: intransitive Example: Water condenses on the window on cold days because of the warm air inside.
Word: condense Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French condenser, from Latin condēnsō. Pronunciation: /kənˈdɛns/ 1. Condensed; compact; dense. Labels: archaic Example: The huge condense bodies of planets.
Word: evaporate Part of Speech: verb Etymology: First attested in 1545, borrowed from Latin ēvapōrātus, the perfect passive participle of ēvapōrō (“to evaporate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix). See also Middle English evaporaten (“to draw off humors or "spirits" as "vapor"”) and evaporen (“to draw off bodily fluid, an excess or toxic matter by converting it into "vapor"; to treat (a part of the body) by drawing off toxic matter converted into "vapor"”). Participial usage up until Early Modern English. Pronunciation: /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/, /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹæɪt/, /i-/ 1. To transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state. Labels: ergative Example: When an ultrasonic beam is fired at the microcannons, the emulsion evaporates, expanding rapidly into gas. This creates enough force to push the nanobullets out at velocities reaching several metres per second. Example: McCoy’s team, including 66 researchers across four continents, found the salt and minerals left behind as water on Bennu, or its larger parent asteroid, evaporated. The minerals include sodium phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, chlorides and fluorides, some of which are necessary to the formation of life. 2. To expel moisture from (usually by means of artificial heat), leaving the solid portion. Labels: transitive Example: to evaporate apples 3. To give vent to; to dissipate. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: [M]y lord of Eſſex choſe to evaporate his thoughts in a Sonnet (being his common vvay) to be ſung before the Queen, […] 4. To disappear; to escape or pass off without effect. Labels: figuratively, intransitive Example: Near-synonym: go up in smoke Example: To give moderate liberty for griefs to evaporate […] is a safe way. 5. To cause to disappear or to escape or pass off without effect. Labels: figuratively, transitive Example: Gay people have belabored on this issue far too long and far too hard to allow the efforts of years to be evaporated through this obscene ruling. Our fights will continue, if not in the courts, then in the legislatures.
Word: evaporate Part of Speech: adj Etymology: First attested in 1545, borrowed from Latin ēvapōrātus, the perfect passive participle of ēvapōrō (“to evaporate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix). See also Middle English evaporaten (“to draw off humors or "spirits" as "vapor"”) and evaporen (“to draw off bodily fluid, an excess or toxic matter by converting it into "vapor"; to treat (a part of the body) by drawing off toxic matter converted into "vapor"”). Participial usage up until Early Modern English. Pronunciation: /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/, /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹæɪt/, /i-/ 1. evaporated Labels: obsolete
Word: fluid Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰluH-yé-ti? Latin fluō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin fluidusder. Middle English fluid English fluid From Middle English fluid, from Latin fluidus (“flowing; fluid”), from Latin fluō (“to flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to swell; surge; overflow; run”). Akin to Ancient Greek φλύειν (phlúein, “to swell; overflow”). Not related to English flow, which is a native, inherited word from *plew-, but is distantly related from English bleat. Pronunciation: /ˈfluːɪd/, /ˈflʉwɪd/, /ˈflu.ɪd/, /ˈflʉːɪd/, /ˈflʉ.ɪd/ 1. Any substance which can flow with relative ease, tends to assume the shape of its container, and obeys Bernoulli's principle; a liquid, gas or plasma. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: An extreme version of vorticity is a vortex. The vortex is a spinning, cyclonic mass of fluid, which can be observed in the rotation of water going down a drain, as well as in smoke rings, tornados and hurricanes. 2. A liquid (as opposed to a solid or gas). Labels: countable, uncountable Example: fluid inclusion Petrology, a tiny fluid- or gas-filled cavity in an igneous rock. 1-100 micrometers in diameter, formed by the entrapment of a fluid, typically that from which the rock crystallized. Example: The Doctor: Get a good night's sleep and drink plenty of fluids. / Kes: Fluids? / The Doctor: Everybody should drink plenty of fluids. 3. Intravenous fluids. Labels: colloquial, countable, specifically, uncountable
Word: fluid Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰluH-yé-ti? Latin fluō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin fluidusder. Middle English fluid English fluid From Middle English fluid, from Latin fluidus (“flowing; fluid”), from Latin fluō (“to flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to swell; surge; overflow; run”). Akin to Ancient Greek φλύειν (phlúein, “to swell; overflow”). Not related to English flow, which is a native, inherited word from *plew-, but is distantly related from English bleat. Pronunciation: /ˈfluːɪd/, /ˈflʉwɪd/, /ˈflu.ɪd/, /ˈflʉːɪd/, /ˈflʉ.ɪd/ 1. Of or relating to fluid. Labels: not-comparable 2. In a state of flux; subject to change. Example: Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month. 3. Moving smoothly, or giving the impression of a liquid in motion. Example: Tom of the fluid pelvis, undulating about the living room in defiance of Michael's taboo on sensuality. 4. Convertible into cash. 5. Genderfluid. Labels: rare Example: Oh, Loki made sure of that. My mortal parents blamed him for the way I was, for being fluid. Example: As do renewals in genres such as romcoms and teen movies, which have updated sexist, heteronormative tropes to reflect audiences’ fluid, inclusive, queer realities.
Word: linacs Part of Speech: noun 1. plural of linac Labels: form-of, plural
Word: loss Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English los, from Old English los (“damage, destruction, loss”), from Proto-West Germanic *los, from Proto-Germanic *lusą (“dissolution, break-up, loss”), from Proto-Indo-European *lews- (“to cut, sunder, separate, loose, lose”). Cognate with Icelandic los (“dissolution, looseness, break-up”), Old English lor, forlor (“loss, ruin”), Middle High German verlor (“loss, ruin”). More at lose. Pronunciation: /lɒs/, /lɔs/, /lɑs/ 1. The result of no longer possessing an object, a function, or a characteristic due to external causes or misplacement. Labels: countable Example: loss of limb; weight loss; loss of cognitive functions; loss of appetite. Example: People are less willing to take a risk to make a gain than to avoid a loss. 2. The destruction or ruin of an object. Labels: uncountable 3. Something that has been destroyed or ruined. Labels: countable Example: It was a terrible crash; both cars were total losses. 4. Defeat; an instance of being defeated. Labels: countable Example: The match ended in their first loss of the season. 5. The death of a person or animal. Labels: countable Example: We mourn his loss. Example: The battle was won, but losses were great. 6. The condition of grief caused by losing someone or something, especially someone who has died. Labels: uncountable Example: Her daughter's sense of loss eventually led to depression. 7. The sum an entity loses on balance. Labels: countable Example: The sum of expenditures and taxes minus total income is a loss, when this difference is positive. 8. Electricity of kinetic power expended without doing useful work. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The inefficiency of many old-fashioned power plants exceeds 60% loss before the subsequent losses during transport over the grid.
Word: loss Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Pronunciation spelling of lost, representing African-American Vernacular English. 1. Alternative spelling of lost. Labels: alt-of, alternative, colloquial
Word: knowledge Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English knowleche, knaweleche, cnawlece (“knowledge”), from knowen (“to know, recognise”) + -leche. Related to Middle English knowlechen (“to find out, acknowledge”). For more on the Middle English suffix -leche, compare freelage. Compare also Old English cnāwelǣċ, cnāwelǣċing (“acknowledging, acknowledgement”). Pronunciation: /ˈnɒl.ɪdʒ/, /ˈnɑ.lɪdʒ/, /ˈnoʊ.lɪdʒ/, /nɔː.leːdʒ/, /nɑː.leːdʒ/ 1. To confess as true; to acknowledge. Labels: obsolete Example: Then went oute to hym Jerusalem, and all Jury, and all the region rounde aboute Jordan, and were baptised of hym in Jordan, knoledging their synnes. Example: 5. The church of Christ knoweth no head, but Christ Jesu alone. The synagogue of Satan knowledgeth the Romish bishop to be head of the universal church of Christ throughout the world.