nandhakumarms/qualc-wiktionary-en huggingface dataset:
Word: gaseous Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂-der. Ancient Greek χαῦνος (khaûnos) Ancient Greek χάος (kháos)der. Dutch gasbor. English gas English -eous English gaseous From gas + -eous. Pronunciation: /ˈɡæsiəs/, /ˈɡæʃəs/, /ˈɡeisiəs/ 1. Relating to, or existing as gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma). Example: gaseous state Example: gaseous emissions 2. Of a liquid containing bubbles: gassy. 3. Lacking substance or solidity; tenuous. Example: Her gaseous explanations left everyone confused.
Word: aliphatic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From oblique stem of Ancient Greek ἄλειφαρ (áleiphar, “oil, ointment”) + -ic. Pronunciation: /ælɪˈfætɪk/ 1. Of a class of organic compounds in which the carbon atoms are arranged in an open chain. Labels: not-comparable
Word: aliphatic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From oblique stem of Ancient Greek ἄλειφαρ (áleiphar, “oil, ointment”) + -ic. Pronunciation: /ælɪˈfætɪk/ 1. A compound of this type. 2. A petroleum fraction containing no aromatic compounds Labels: in-plural
Word: alicyclic Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Blend of aliphatic + cyclic. Pronunciation: /ælɪˈsaɪklɪk/, /-ˈsɪklɪk/, /æləˈ-/ 1. Of a class of organic compounds having both aliphatic (chain) and cyclic (ring) structure Labels: not-comparable
Word: alicyclic Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Blend of aliphatic + cyclic. Pronunciation: /ælɪˈsaɪklɪk/, /-ˈsɪklɪk/, /æləˈ-/ 1. Such an organic compound
Word: cyclohexane Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos Ancient Greek κῠ́κλος (kŭ́klos)der. Late Latin cyclusbor. Middle English cicle English cycle ▲ Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos) Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Hellenic *-kos Ancient Greek -κός (-kós) Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós) Ancient Greek κυκλῐκός (kuklĭkós)bor. Classical Latin cyclicuslbor. Middle French cyclique French cycliquebor. ▲ Classical Latin cyclicusbor. English cyclic English cyclo- Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs Proto-Hellenic *hwéks Ancient Greek ἕξ (héx) Ancient Greek ἑξα- (hexa-)der. Latin hexa-der. English hexa- English hex- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānusder. English -ane English hexane English cyclohexane From cyclo- + hexane. Pronunciation: /ˌsaɪkloʊˈhɛkseɪn/ 1. An alicyclic hydrocarbon, C₆H₁₂, consisting of a ring of six carbon atoms; a volatile liquid. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: shorten Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English shortnen, schortenen, equivalent to short + -en (verbal suffix). In some senses, a continuation (in altered form) of Middle English schorten (“to make short, shorten”), from Old English sċortian (“to become short”), from Proto-Germanic *skurtōną (“to shorten”). Pronunciation: /ˈʃɔːtn̩/, /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/ 1. To make shorter; to abbreviate. Labels: transitive Example: York came round to our heads and shortened the rein himself, one hole I think; every little makes a difference, be it for better or worse, and that day we had a steep hill to go up. Example: The full title of the unified system, the South Eastern & London, Chatham & Dover Railways, was decidedly cumbersome, and for the sake of convenience was shortened to the South Eastern & Chatham Railway. 2. To become shorter. Labels: intransitive 3. To make deficient (as to); to deprive (of). Labels: transitive Example: Spoiled of his nose, and shorten'd of his ears. 4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, etc. Labels: transitive 5. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen. Labels: transitive Example: to shorten an allowance of food Example: Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain. 6. To make crumbly. Labels: transitive Example: Corn flour makes delicious pie crust, and needs less lard to shorten it. 7. To take in the slack of (a rope). Labels: transitive 8. To reduce (sail) by taking it in. Labels: transitive 9. to dress (a baby) in a short (rather than long) gown Labels: dated, transitive Example: Anne and Leslie had another cry the next week when they shortened Little Jem. Anne felt the tragedy of it until evening when in his long nightie she found her own dear baby again. Example: In January Jims was five months old and Rilla celebrated the anniversary by shortening him.
Word: bobbitt Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From the surname of John Wayne Bobbitt, whose wife cut off his penis during his sleep. 1. To cut off the penis of (a person). Labels: informal, transitive Example: Watch out: she might bobbitt you as you sleep. 2. To cut off (the penis). Labels: informal, transitive Example: […] penis should be Bobbitted by about seven feet, having been joined up to his navel in error […] Example: The consensus was that the thing was indecent, and it had to be abridged, Bobbitted, turtled, so to speak.
Word: assassination Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English assassin English -ate English assassinate Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ion English assassination From assassinate + -ion. Pronunciation: /əˌsæs.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1. The murder of a person, especially for political reasons or for personal gain. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: The assassination of the king occurred at night. Example: But side by side with it was a baser conspiracy, among the more unprincipled and desperate friends of James, for the assassination of the King.
Word: de-ice Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *de Proto-Indo-European *-h₁ Proto-Indo-European *déh₁ Proto-Italic *dē Latin dē Latin dē-der. English de- Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH- Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-so-der. Proto-Germanic *īsą Proto-West Germanic *īs Old English īs Middle English is English ice English de-ice From de- + ice. Pronunciation: /diːˈaɪs/ 1. Alternative form of deice. Labels: alt-of, alternative
Word: tertiary Part of Speech: adj Etymology: PIE word *tréyes Borrowed from the Latin tertiārius (“of the third part or rank”), from tertius (“third”) (from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyós, whence English third) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French tertiaire. By surface analysis, terti- + -ary. Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː.ʃi.ə.ɹiː/, /ˈtɜː.ʃə.ɹiː/, /ˈtɜːʃ.ɹiː/, /ˈtɝ.ʃiˌɛɹ.i/, /ˈtɝ.ʃə.ɹi/ 1. Of third rank or order; subsequent. Labels: not-comparable Example: Beſides theſe primordial mountains, M. [P[eter] S[imon]] Pallas maintains, that there are others of a more recent origin. These he calls ſecondary and tertiary: […] the latter ariſe from the wrecks and contents of the ſea, raiſed and tranſported by volcanic eruptions and conſequent inundations. Example: An untaught peasant beheld the elements around him and was acquainted with their practical uses. The most learned philosopher knew little more. He had partially unveiled the face of Nature, but her immortal lineaments were still a wonder and a mystery. He might dissect, anatomize, and give names; but, not to speak of a final cause, causes in their secondary and tertiary grades were utterly unknown to him. 2. Possessing some quality in the third degree; especially having been subjected to the substitution of three atoms or radicals. Labels: not-comparable Example: a tertiary alcohol, amine, or salt Example: If, on the other hand, we remember that a tertiary monoamine, such as must be formed by the final methylation of the ammonia fragment in aniline when submitted to the action of an alcohol chloride, is invariably converted into an ammonium compound it must appear rather strange that in the process above alluded to only tertiary, and never any quartery bases are observed. 3. Of quills: growing on the innermost joint of a bird's wing; tertial. Labels: not-comparable Example: The primary, secondary, and tertiary wing feathers (remiges) of adult mourning doves are shed and replaced yearly in an orderly sequence, so flight is possible during molt. […] Little is known about the shedding sequence of the secondary or tertiary feathers or the related coverts. If it is similar to that of passerines, however, loss of the outermost tertiary feather occurs coincident with loss of the fifth or sixth primary[…]. The molt then would continue sequentially until the last or innermost tertiary was shed and replaced.
Word: quaternary Part of Speech: adj Etymology: Derived from Latin quaternārius (“containing or consisting of four”), from quaternī (“four each”, “four at a time”) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French quaternaire. Pronunciation: /kwəˈtɜː.nə.ɹi/, /ˈkwɔːt.ən.(ə.)ɹi/, /ˈkwɑ.tɚˌnɛɹ.i/, /ˈkwɑ.tɚˌnɛə.ɹi/ 1. Of fourth rank or order. Labels: not-comparable Example: the quaternary stress in a pronounced word 2. Of a mathematical expression containing e.g. x⁴. Labels: not-comparable 3. Relating to or in number base four. Labels: not-comparable 4. quaternary ammonium. Labels: not-comparable 5. Composed of four elements. Labels: not-comparable
Word: quaternary Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Derived from Latin quaternārius (“containing or consisting of four”), from quaternī (“four each”, “four at a time”) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French quaternaire. Pronunciation: /kwəˈtɜː.nə.ɹi/, /ˈkwɔːt.ən.(ə.)ɹi/, /ˈkwɑ.tɚˌnɛɹ.i/, /ˈkwɑ.tɚˌnɛə.ɹi/ 1. A quaternary compound. 2. The Quaternary period or the system of deposits laid down during it.
Word: census Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Latin cēnsus, from cēnseō. See censor. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛnsəs/ 1. An official count or enumeration of members of a population (not necessarily human), usually residents or citizens in a particular region, often done at regular intervals. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: As you know, the Imperium has never been able to take a census of the Fremen. Everyone thinks that there are but few wandering here and there in the desert. My Lord, I suspect an incredible secret has been kept on this planet: that the Fremen exist in vast numbers- vast- and it is they who control Arrakis. 2. The people being treated in a healthcare facility, clinic or program. Labels: countable, uncountable 3. Count, tally. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: In what census of living creatures, the dead of mankind are included ... 4. A type of tax levied by feudal lords on peasants. Labels: countable, historical, uncountable 5. A count of the number of individual patterns within a larger pattern, most often the ash of a soup or a methuselah. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: census Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Borrowed from Latin cēnsus, from cēnseō. See censor. Pronunciation: /ˈsɛnsəs/ 1. To conduct a census on. Labels: transitive Example: Each page of the schedule was crossruled with 8 lines, capable of censussing 8 individuals. Example: Indeed, none of the recorded characteristics of buildings nor their location affected our counts of breeding Sparrows, which appeared to be distributed rather homogeneously across the urban areas we censused. 2. To collect a census. Labels: intransitive Example: My initiation to waterfowl censussing took place in the early days of the A.W.E., as it is familiarly known, when I served as a junior to one of the ablest of the Witwatersrand pioneers, Royce Reed. The method used must remain one of the three basic methods of Transvaal waterfowl censussing, although it has certain inherent limitations. Example: For 14 individuals, eight censusses per daily period were performed within two weeks (32 censusses per individual), each time recording the coordinates of location. The territories of the individuals were defined as the area defended successfully against conspecifics by agonistic and/or non-agonistic behaviour, as described by Wickler (1969) and Nelissen (1976). The locations of the territories were determined from censussing; their sizes were estimated by behavioural observations.
Word: housing Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English housynge, housinge, from housen (“to house, shelter; receive into one's house”), equivalent to house + -ing. Cognate with Scots housing (“housing”), Old Frisian hūsinge (whence Saterland Frisian Huzenge); compare also Dutch huizing, behuizing (“housing”), Low German husing, hüsing (“housing”), German Behausung (“housing”), Swedish inhysing (“housing”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/, /ˈhaʊsɪŋ/ 1. The activity of enclosing something or providing a residence for someone. Labels: uncountable Example: Housing of homeless families is a priority. 2. Residences, collectively. Labels: uncountable Example: She lives in low-income housing. 3. A mechanical component's container or covering. Labels: countable Example: The gears were grinding against their housing. 4. A cover or cloth for a horse's saddle, as an ornamental or military appendage; a saddlecloth; a horse cloth; in plural, trappings. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. An appendage to the harness or collar of a harness. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. The space taken out of one solid to admit the insertion of part of another, such as the end of one timber in the side of another. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. A niche for a statue. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. That portion of a mast or bowsprit which is beneath the deck or within the vessel. Labels: countable, uncountable 9. A houseline. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: housing Part of Speech: verb Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Pronunciation: /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/, /ˈhaʊsɪŋ/ 1. present participle and gerund of house Labels: form-of, gerund, participle, present Example: We are housing the company's servers in Florida.
Word: confusion Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English confusioun, from Old French confusion, from Latin confusio, confusionem. Morphologically confuse + -ion. Pronunciation: /kənˈfjuːʒən/ 1. A lack of clarity or order. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: But much of the federal workforce is located outside the nation’s capital, and Trump’s offer was met with confusion and skepticism in many of those offices. 2. The state of being confused; misunderstanding. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Forgive these wild and wandering cries, ⁠Confusions of a wasted youth; ⁠Forgive them where they fail in truth, And in thy wisdom make me wise. 3. The act of mistaking one thing for another or conflating distinct things. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: Now (exc. in Nautical language, see b) it is only dialectal or an illiterate substitute for lie, its identity of form with the past tense of the latter no doubt accounting largely for the confusion. Example: Confusion of sex and gender continues when she begins to address what the sex-change operation achieves. 4. Lack of understanding due to dementia. Labels: uncountable, usually 5. A state of shame or embarrassment. Labels: archaic, uncountable, usually Example: Lady Bellaston fixed her eyes on Sophia whilst she spoke these words. To which that poor young lady, having her face overspread with blushes and confusion, answered, in a stammering voice […] Example: "[…] In going to Mr Carlyle you have done the best thing possible; you have put your sister into the care of the shrewdest man in London." Whereat the object of this quite unexpected eulogy found himself becoming covered with modest confusion. 6. A group of wildebeest. Labels: collective, uncountable, usually Example: A group of wildebeest is called a confusion.
Word: mitt Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Clipping of mitten. Pronunciation: /mɪt/ 1. A mitten 2. An oversized, protective glove such as an oven mitt or a baseball mitt. 3. A hand. Labels: especially, in-plural, informal Example: Hey, get your cotton-picking mitts off my sandwich! Example: "Give us yer mitts, mate," said Alf. I held my hands out toward him.
Word: indict Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English enditen, endyten (“to accuse”), from Old French enditer (“to dictate, indite”), from Late Latin indictāre, frequentative of Latin indicere (“to proclaim”), from in- + dicere (“to say”), or from in- + dictāre (“to say often, to dictate”). Doublet of indite. The irregular spelling is due to the word having been borrowed into Middle English from Old French, and not from Latin as was the case with most other descendants of dictāre (but see dight). The borrowed /iː/ regularly shifted to /aɪ/ in the course of the Great Vowel Shift; the ⟨c⟩ represents a later attempt at graphic Latinisation. Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdaɪt/ 1. To accuse of wrongdoing; charge. Labels: transitive Example: a book that indicts modern values Example: Co-writer Jonathan Keasey has said the film will aim to indict “our nonstop, 24-7 media cycle that convicts and ruins the lives of so many people without any due process”. 2. To make a formal accusation or indictment for a crime against (a party) by the findings of a jury, especially a grand jury. Labels: transitive Example: his former manager was indicted for fraud Example: Having been indicted by the U.S. government for violating the anti-Serbian sanctions, Bobby blamed Jews and the N.Y. Times, "which is controlled by rich Jews."
Word: measly Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From measle (“singular of measles”) + -y; the word measle is either from Middle Dutch masel (“a blister filled with blood; a pustule, a skin blemish”), or Middle Low German masel (“a red skin blemish”), from Proto-Germanic *masuraz (“a knot or scar in wood; a knarl”), from *mas-, *mēs- (“a spot; a sore; a scar”), from Proto-Indo-European *mos- (“a skin sore”). Pronunciation: /ˈmiːzli/, /ˈmizli/ 1. Particularly of pigs or pork: infected with larval tapeworms or trichinae (parasitic roundworms). Example: Then take five or six apples, pick out the cores and fill up the holes thus made with flour of brimstone; stop up the holes and cast in the apples to the measly hog. 2. Of a person: infected with measles. Example: A measly boy, he looked like a tramp, probably one of the street boys from the village, just walked up here and made himself at home, and when I told him to leave, he wouldn't. 3. Small (especially contemptibly small) in amount. Labels: figuratively, informal Example: For one whole day's work all I was given was twenty measly pounds. Example: The visiting tourists eagerly forked over a measly two dollars per group to their guides as payment for their services. This amount was measly sum to the givers, but a princely sum to the takers.
Word: utter Part of Speech: adj Etymology: PIE word *úd The adjective is derived from Middle English outre, utter, uttre (“situated on the outside of, exterior”), from Old English ūtera (“exterior, outer”, literally “more out”), the comparative form of ūt (“out”). Piecewise doublet of outer. The noun is derived from the adjective. Pronunciation: /ˈʌtə/, [ˈɐtə], /ˈʌtəɹ/, [ˈʌɾɝ] 1. To the furthest or most extreme extent; absolute, complete, total, unconditional. Example: utter bliss utter darkness utter ruin Example: Oh VVarvvicke, VVarvvicke, I foreſee vvith greefe / The vtter loſſe of all the Realme of France. 2. Of a substance: pure, unmixed. Labels: rare Example: Two cups of utter silver wrought and rough with imagery / I give you, which my father took from wracked Arisbe's hold; […] 3. Of decisions, replies, etc.: made in an unconditional or unqualified manner; decisive, definite. Example: There could not then be any other eſtimate made of the loſs VValler ſuſtain'd, than by the not purſuing the viſible advantage he had, and by the utter refuſal of the Auxiliary Regiments of London and Kent, to march farther; […] 4. Further out than another thing; being the exterior or outer part of something; outer, outward; also, extremely remote. Labels: obsolete, poetic Example: at the utter extremities of Example: Wo be to you ſcrybꝭ [scrybis]⸝ ãd phariſes ypocritꝭ [ypocritis]⸝ for ye make clene the vtter ſide off the cuppe⸝ and off the platter: but with in they are full of brybery and exceſſe. 5. Preceding all others; original. Labels: obsolete, rare Example: And although it [Persia] has ſince then been ruined and reigned ouer by Princes of many Nations, yet they haue neuer altered the Dialect from its vtter ſence, at this day being cald Pharſee: […] 6. Succeeding all others; final, last, ultimate. Labels: obsolete, rare Example: Our vtter houre is come alas, fell deſtinies death hath brought.
Word: utter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *úd The adjective is derived from Middle English outre, utter, uttre (“situated on the outside of, exterior”), from Old English ūtera (“exterior, outer”, literally “more out”), the comparative form of ūt (“out”). Piecewise doublet of outer. The noun is derived from the adjective. Pronunciation: /ˈʌtə/, [ˈɐtə], /ˈʌtəɹ/, [ˈʌɾɝ] 1. The thing which is most utter (adjective sense) or extreme. Labels: rare, uncountable Example: I take my leave, readie to countervaile all your courtesies to the utter of my power.
Word: utter Part of Speech: adv Etymology: PIE word *úd From Middle English outre, utter (“away, out; further away or out; out in the open; outside, without; to a greater extent”), partly: * from outre, utter (adjective) (see etymology 1); and * from Old English ūtor, the comparative form of ūt (“out; outdoors, outside”, adverb). Pronunciation: /ˈʌtə/, [ˈɐtə], /ˈʌtəɹ/, [ˈʌɾɝ] 1. Further apart, away, or out; outside, without. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: A strawe, sayde Bele, stande vtter, / For we haue egges and butter, / And of pygeons a payre. Example: Gyue this gentylman rome, syrs, stonde vtter! 2. To an extreme extent; altogether, quite. Labels: not-comparable, obsolete Example: I knovv they vvill deny me gracious Madame, / Being a ſtranger, and ſo little fam'd / So vtter emptie of theſe excellencies / That tame authority; […]
Word: frottage Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From French frottage (“rubbing”), from frotter (“to rub”) + -age (suffix forming nouns). Pronunciation: /ˈfrɒtɑːʒ/ 1. To rub, especially to rub onto one surface placed upon another surface that is textured, in order to create a mottled or patterned area on the first surface. 2. To rub parts of the body against those of another person for sexual stimulation.
Word: frottage Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From French frottage (“rubbing”), from frotter (“to rub”) + -age (suffix forming nouns). Pronunciation: /ˈfrɒtɑːʒ/ 1. A method of making an image by placing a piece of paper against an object and then rubbing over it, usually with a pencil or charcoal. Labels: uncountable 2. An illustration made by means of frottage. Labels: countable 3. The practice of rubbing parts of the body against those of another person for sexual stimulation. Labels: uncountable
Word: household Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English houshold. By surface analysis, house + hold. Cognate with Scots houshald, housald, housell, howsell (“household”), Dutch huishouden (“household”) (earlier huishoud), German Low German Huushollen (“household”) (Middle Low German hūsholt), German Haushalt (“household”), Swedish hushåll (“household, family”), Norwegian husholdning (“household”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaʊshəʊld/, /ˈhaʊshoʊld/, /ˈhɛʊshʌo̞lt/, /ˈhæʊshʌo̞lt/ 1. Collectively, all the persons who live in a given house; a family including attendants, servants etc.; a domestic or family establishment. Example: And calls, without affecting airs, / His household twice a day to prayers. Example: Shih Hung-pi was born a pauper at a poor household in Suichung County, Liaoning. He suffered untold misery in the old society. Then he joined the PLA. 2. Entirety of work and management required to sustain the household. 3. Legal or culturally determined unit of people living together. 4. A line of ancestry; a race or house. Labels: obsolete Example: In thee thy mother dies, our household's name, / My death's revenge, thy youth, and England's fame.
Word: household Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle English houshold. By surface analysis, house + hold. Cognate with Scots houshald, housald, housell, howsell (“household”), Dutch huishouden (“household”) (earlier huishoud), German Low German Huushollen (“household”) (Middle Low German hūsholt), German Haushalt (“household”), Swedish hushåll (“household, family”), Norwegian husholdning (“household”). Pronunciation: /ˈhaʊshəʊld/, /ˈhaʊshoʊld/, /ˈhɛʊshʌo̞lt/, /ˈhæʊshʌo̞lt/ 1. Belonging to the same house and family. Labels: not-comparable 2. Found in or having its origin in a home. Labels: not-comparable Example: Whether boarding an airplane with underwear on your face to protest mask requirements, injecting yourself with horse dewormer instead of a safe and effective vaccine or swallowing household disinfectants because the President of the United States unironically suggested that it might help, the pandemic has amplified the frequency and tenor of ridiculous and sometimes alarming behavior. 3. Widely known to the public; familiar. Labels: not-comparable Example: a household word; a household name Example: Old men forget; yet all shall be forgot, But he’ll remember with advantages What feats he did that day. Then shall our names, Familiar in his mouth as household words, Harry the King, Bedford and Exeter, Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloucester, Be in their flowing cups freshly remembered.
Word: purification Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old French purificacion, from Latin pūrificātiō. Pronunciation: /ˌpjʊəɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ 1. The act or process of purifying; the removal of impurities. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: air purification Example: purification of water 2. A religious act or rite in which a defiled person is made clean or free from sin. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: purification of the soul 3. The pouring of wine into the chalice to rinse it after communion, the wine being then drunk by the priest. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: versus Part of Speech: prep Etymology: From Middle English versus, borrowed from Latin versus (“facing”), past participle of vertere (“to turn, change, overthrow, destroy”). Pronunciation: /ˈvɜːsəs/, /ˈvɜːsɪz/, /ˈvɝsəs/, /ˈvɝsəz/, /ˈvɝs/ 1. Against; in opposition to. Example: It is the Packers versus the Steelers in the Super Bowl. 2. Compared with, as opposed to. Example: In polling by the Pew Research Center in November 2008, fully half the respondents thought the two parties would cooperate more in the coming year, versus only 36 percent who thought the climate would grow more adversarial. Example: If, for example, we select random people entering a workout gym, versus if we pick random people entering a hospital, we will get very different samples. 3. Bringing a legal action against, as used in the title of a court case in which the first party indicates the plaintiff (or appellant or the like), and the second indicates the defendant (or respondent or the like). Example: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans. 4. Interacting with, especially to record reactions 5. Mashed up with. Example: Kiss Me Thru The Phone vs. Last Friday Night 6. Indicating one group or artist remixing another. Example: The Auteurs vs. μ-Ziq
Word: versus Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From Middle English versus, borrowed from Latin versus (“facing”), past participle of vertere (“to turn, change, overthrow, destroy”). Pronunciation: /ˈvɝs/ 1. To face in competition 2. To fight
Word: nominal Part of Speech: adj Etymology: PIE word *h₁nómn̥ Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Italic *nōmn̥ Latin nōmen Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Latin nōminālisder. Middle English nominalle English nominal From the Middle English nominalle (“of nouns”), borrowed from Latin nōminālis (“of names”), ultimately from oblique stem of Latin nōmen, nōminis (“name”) + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nl̩/, [ˈnɒm.ɪ.nl̩], /ˈnɑ.mɪ.nl̩/, [ˈnɑ.mɪ.nl̩] 1. Of, resembling, relating to, or consisting of a name or names. Labels: not-comparable 2. Assigned to or bearing a person's name. Labels: not-comparable 3. Existing in name only. Labels: not-comparable Example: a nominal difference Example: 1856 February, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Oliver Goldsmith, republished in 1865, The Miscellaneous Writings of Lord Macaulay, Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts and Green, page 300, At Edinburgh he passed eighteen months in nominal attendance on lectures, and picked up some superficial information about chemistry and natural history. 4. Of or relating to nominalism. Labels: not-comparable 5. Insignificantly small. Labels: not-comparable Example: He gave me only a nominal sum for my services. Example: In the summer, DCC [Devon County Council] transferred ownership of the northern part of the station to NR for a nominal £1, enabling it (and the platform) to become part of the rail network. 6. Of or relating to the presumed or approximate value, rather than the actual value. Labels: not-comparable Example: The nominal voltage is 1.5 V, but the actual figure is usually higher. Example: the nominal yield of a nuclear weapon 7. Of, relating to, or being the amount or face value of a sum of money or a stock certificate, for example, and not the purchasing power or market value. Labels: not-comparable 8. Of, relating to, or being the rate of interest or return without adjustment for compounding or inflation. Labels: not-comparable 9. Of or relating to a noun or word group that functions as a noun. Labels: not-comparable Example: This sentence contains a nominal phrase. 10. According to plan or design. Labels: not-comparable Example: We'll just do a nominal flight check. Example: Apart from the slightly high temperature, all the readings from the spacecraft are nominal. 11. Without adjustment to remove the effects of inflation. Labels: not-comparable Example: My employer does not understand how low my nominal wage is. Example: The nominal GNP of this country is pretty low. 12. Having values whose order is insignificant. Labels: not-comparable 13. Of a species, the species name without consideration of whether it is a junior synonym or in reality consists of more than one biological species. Labels: not-comparable Example: Since then, a good deal of research has documented and concluded that the nominal species A. fraterculus actually comprises an unresolved complex of cryptic species.
Word: nominal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: PIE word *h₁nómn̥ Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ Proto-Italic *nōmn̥ Latin nōmen Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Latin nōminālisder. Middle English nominalle English nominal From the Middle English nominalle (“of nouns”), borrowed from Latin nōminālis (“of names”), ultimately from oblique stem of Latin nōmen, nōminis (“name”) + -al. Pronunciation: /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nl̩/, [ˈnɒm.ɪ.nl̩], /ˈnɑ.mɪ.nl̩/, [ˈnɑ.mɪ.nl̩] 1. A noun or word group that functions as part of a noun phrase. Example: This sentence contains two nominals. 2. A part of speech that shares features with nouns and adjectives. (Depending on the language, it may comprise nouns, adjectives, possibly numerals, pronouns, and participles.) Example: A considerable number of derived nominals, especially thematic nouns, also exhibited o-grade roots. 3. A number (usually natural) used like a name; a numeric code or identifier. (See nominal number on Wikipedia.) Example: Numeric codes of characters used in programming are nominals. 4. A person listed in the Police National Computer database as having been convicted, cautioned or recently arrested. Labels: UK, jargon
Word: bunny boiler Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From a scene in the 1987 film Fatal Attraction where a scorned woman (played by Glenn Close), seeking revenge on her ex-lover (played by Michael Douglas), places his family’s beloved pet rabbit in a pot of boiling water when he is away from the house. Pronunciation: /ˈbʌni ˈbɔɪlə/, /ˈbʌni ˈbɔɪlɚ/ 1. A person who acts (or may supposedly act) obsessively or even dangerously towards another person with whom they were previously, or wish to be, in a relationship. Labels: derogatory, humorous, slang Example: Witness such media events as the Great Old Maid Scare of '86 (sparked by a study suggesting that a woman who hasn't married by age forty has less chance of doing so than of being shot by a terrorist); and the Fatal Attraction Syndrome (the notion that unmarried career women are so unfulfilled they turn into homicidal bunny-boilers). Example: There's nothing like portraying a psychopathic bunny-boiler to boost one's self-esteem, Glenn Close tells Ladies' Home Journal.
Word: inverted comma Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From the appearance of an inverted comma. In lead type, an opening quote is not a separate casting. It is the result of rotating a comma 180°, inverting the comma. It is used singly or as double quotes. Similarly, the closing quotation mark is the apostrophe. Also used singly or as double quotes. 1. A type of paired quotation mark: ‘ or “ (beginning the quoted material) and ’ or ” (ending it). Labels: Commonwealth, plural-normally Example: The paſſage quoted in the text is at the latter part of the following letter, and is put between inverted commas. Example: Some of the papers, with questionable taste, present Mrs. [Alice Roosevelt] Longworth to their readers as the American “Princess.” There is nothing in her ways, bearing, or appearance to warrant the epithet which I give, as printed, in inverted commas.
Word: Anurag Part of Speech: name Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit अनुराग (anurāga, “a higher love, as of music or art”). 1. A male given name from Sanskrit used mainly in India.
Word: defensive Part of Speech: adj Etymology: From Middle French défensif. Morphologically defense + -ive. Pronunciation: /dɪˈfɛn.sɪv/, /dɪˈfen.sɪv/, /dəˈfen.səv/ 1. Intended for defence; protective. Example: a defensive perimeter 2. Intended to deter attack. Example: a defensive missile system 3. Performed so as to minimise risk. Example: defensive driving 4. Displaying an inordinate sensitivity to criticism or intrusion; oversensitive; thin-skinned. 5. Of a bowling or fielding tactic designed to prevent the other side from scoring runs; of a batting tactic designed to prevent being out. 6. Pertaining to defense, as opposed to attack. Example: The victim held up his hand to repel the attacker and received a defensive knife wound. Example: The Italian opted for Bolton's Cahill alongside captain John Terry - and his decision was rewarded with a goal after only 13 minutes. Bulgaria gave a hint of defensive frailties to come when they failed to clear Young's corner, and when Gareth Barry found Cahill in the box he applied the finish past Nikolay Mihaylov. 7. In a state or posture of defense. Example: […]Once join'd, the contrary ſhe proves, a thorn Inteſtin, far within defenſive arms[…]
Word: defensive Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle French défensif. Morphologically defense + -ive. Pronunciation: /dɪˈfɛn.sɪv/, /dɪˈfen.sɪv/, /dəˈfen.səv/ 1. A means, attitude or position of defense. Chiefly in on the defensive. Example: The Germans had developed a highly scientific defensive in which machine-guns replaced rifles and a maximum of punishment was inflicted upon an assaulting force with a minimum of human loss. Example: Such kinds of defensives are really rather protecting the local companies than the consumers.
Word: defensive field Part of Speech: noun 1. A field set with fielders in positions designed to prevent runs rather than take wickets.
Word: dismiss Part of Speech: verb Etymology: Middle English, from Latin dimissus (“sent away, dismissed, banished”), perfect passive participle of dīmittō (“send away, dismiss”), from dis- + mittere (“to send”). Pronunciation: /dɪsˈmɪs/, /dɪzˈmɪs/ 1. To discharge; to end the employment or service of. Labels: transitive Example: The company dismissed me after less than a year. 2. To order to leave. Labels: transitive Example: The soldiers were dismissed after the parade. 3. To dispel; to rid one’s mind of. Labels: transitive Example: He dismissed all thoughts of acting again. 4. To reject; to refuse to accept. Labels: transitive Example: The court dismissed the case. Example: She dismissed the idea as ridiculous. 5. To invalidate; to treat as unworthy of serious consideration. Labels: transitive Example: By telling the victim to "get over it", the listener dismissed the victim's feelings. Example: As for the IRP, Secretary of State Grant Shapps continues to peddle snake oil, smoke and mirrors. His reaction to near-universal IRP condemnation from politicians, local and national media, and all but a few rail specialists was to dismiss the lot of us (in the condescending and patronising tone we have now come to expect) as "critics and naysayers". 6. To send or put away, to discard with disregard, contempt or disdain. (sometimes followed by as). Labels: transitive Example: She dismissed him with a wave of the hand. 7. To get a batsman out. Labels: transitive Example: He was dismissed for 99 runs. 8. To give someone a red card; to send off. Labels: transitive Example: Kalinic later saw red for a rash tackle on Paul Scharner before Gabriel Tamas was dismissed for bringing down Diouf.
Word: dismissal Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From dismiss + -al. A nineteenth-century coinage (modelled on committal etc.), replacing the regular form dismission. Pronunciation: [dɪsˈmɪsəɫ], [dɪzˈmɪsəɫ] 1. The act of sending someone away. Labels: countable, uncountable 2. Deprivation of office; the fact or process of being fired from employment or stripped of rank. Labels: countable, uncountable Example: No one, however, would have anything to do with him, as Mr. Keeson's orders in those respects were very strict ; he had often threatened any one of his employés with instant dismissal if he found him in company with one of these touts. 3. A written or spoken statement of such an act. Labels: countable, uncountable 4. Release from confinement; liberation. Labels: countable, uncountable 5. Removal from consideration; putting something out of one's mind, mentally disregarding something or someone. Labels: countable, uncountable 6. The rejection of a legal proceeding, or a claim or charge made therein. Labels: countable, uncountable 7. The event of a batsman getting out; a wicket. Labels: countable, uncountable 8. The final blessing said by a priest or minister at the end of a religious service. Labels: countable, uncountable
Word: balder Part of Speech: adj Pronunciation: /bɔːld.ə/, /bɔld.ɚ/, /bɑld.ɚ/ 1. comparative form of bald: more bald Labels: comparative, form-of
Word: teleconference Part of Speech: noun Etymology: A contraction of telephone conference. By surface analysis, tele- + conference. Pronunciation: /ˈtɛləˌkɒnfəɹəns/ 1. A telephone conference, an arranged phone call between more than two parties. Example: The four of us should have a teleconference next week. 2. More generally, the live exchange of information among persons and machines remote from one another but linked by a telecommunications system, over telephone, video or other means.
Word: teleconference Part of Speech: verb Etymology: A contraction of telephone conference. By surface analysis, tele- + conference. Pronunciation: /ˈtɛləˌkɒnfəɹəns/ 1. To take part in a teleconference. Example: I teleconferenced with marketing and engineering. Example: Will demand be in the same form as pre-COVID? Some will argue that now people have learned to teleconference, the creative joy of home-based working won't be given up lightly. Newton developed his Laws while self-isolating from plague.
Word: telephone conference Part of Speech: noun 1. A conference held by telephone; an arranged phone call between more than two parties. Example: The four of us should hold a telephone conference next week. 2. Any multi-party telephone call. Labels: broadly
Word: video conference Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From video + conference. Pronunciation: /ˈvɪdiəʊ ˌkɒnfəɹəns/, /- ˌkɒnfɹəns/ 1. A conference held by videolink; an arranged video phone call between more than two parties. Example: The four of us should hold a video conference next week.
Word: video conference Part of Speech: verb Etymology: From video + conference. Pronunciation: /ˈvɪdiəʊ ˌkɒnfəɹəns/, /- ˌkɒnfɹəns/ 1. To hold or take part in a video conference. Labels: intransitive Example: I video conferenced with the client this morning. 2. To broadcast by means of a video conference. Labels: transitive Example: The academic meeting will be video conferenced.
Word: videoconference Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative form of video conference. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: When news of the cuts first surfaced Tuesday, dozens of grantees gathered on a videoconference to discuss their options, including whether to take legal action.
Word: videoconference Part of Speech: verb 1. Alternative form of video conference. Labels: alt-of, alternative Example: I videoconferenced with the client this morning.
Word: Kevlar Part of Speech: noun Pronunciation: /ˈkɛvlɑɹ/, /ˈkɛvlɑː/ 1. A brand name for a para-aramid fiber Alternative letter-case form of kevlar. Labels: uncountable
Word: Foulness Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /faʊlˈnɛs/ 1. An island on the east coast of Essex where the Thames estuary joins the North Sea. 2. A civil parish (served by Foulness Island Parish Council) in Rochford district, Essex.
Word: Isle of Sheppey Part of Speech: name 1. An island off the north coast of Kent, England, in the Thames estuary.
Word: Bishop Rock Part of Speech: name 1. A rock at the most westerly tip of the Isles of Scilly facing the Atlantic Ocean and housing a lighthouse; supposedly the smallest island in the world.
Word: Tresco Part of Speech: name 1. The second largest of the Isles of Scilly. 2. A locality in the Rural City of Swan Hill, north western Victoria, Australia
Word: St Mary's Part of Speech: name Etymology: The placenames are in honor of, and beseech the intercession of, the saint (Saint Mary). 1. The largest of the Isles of Scilly. 2. A village on south-east Mainland, Orkney Islands council area, Scotland (OS grid ref HY4701). 3. Ellipsis of St Mary's College, Durham. Labels: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis, informal
Word: Croydon Part of Speech: name Etymology: From Old English Crogedene ("saffron valley"), from Old English croh (“saffron”) (< Latin crocus (“saffron”)) + Old English denu (“valley”). Pronunciation: /ˈkɹɔɪdən/ 1. A large town in the south of Greater London, England, historically in the county of Surrey (OS grid ref TQ3265). 2. A large town in the south of Greater London, England, historically in the county of Surrey (OS grid ref TQ3265). Labels: historical 3. A village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire district, Cambridgeshire, England (OS grid ref TL3149). 4. A hamlet in Stone Mills township, Lennox and Addington County, Ontario, Canada. 5. A place in the United States: 6. A place in the United States: 7. A place in the United States: 8. A suburb of Kempton Park, Gauteng province, South Africa. 9. A place in Australia: 10. A place in Australia: 11. A place in Australia: 12. A place in Australia:
Word: Croydon Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Old English Crogedene ("saffron valley"), from Old English croh (“saffron”) (< Latin crocus (“saffron”)) + Old English denu (“valley”). Pronunciation: /ˈkɹɔɪdən/ 1. A kind of carriage like a gig, originally of wickerwork. Labels: historical
Word: Weston-super-Mare Part of Speech: name Etymology: Latin, meaning "Weston-upon-Sea". See super, mare. Pronunciation: /ˈwɛstən suːpə mɛːə/ 1. A seaside town and civil parish with a town council, on the Bristol Channel coast of North Somerset district, Somerset, England (OS grid ref ST3261).
Word: North Somerset Part of Speech: name 1. A unitary authority in Somerset, England, previously named Woodspring as part of the short-lived county of Avon.
Word: Stevenage Part of Speech: name Pronunciation: /ˈstiːvənɪd͡ʒ/ 1. A new town and borough in north Hertfordshire, England, part of London’s commuter belt (OS grid ref TL2324).
Word: commuter belt Part of Speech: noun 1. A zone surrounding a metropolitan area or city from which commuters travel to the area or city to work. Labels: attributive, often Example: Whitney is absorbed especially by Dublin's unglamorous interstitial zones: the new housing estates and labyrinths of roads, watercourses and railways where the city peters into its commuter belt. Example: More money for the NHS; vaccines will save us; life in commuter-belt England will continue much as it always has.
Word: commuter Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Etymology tree English commute Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English commuter From commute + -er. Pronunciation: /kəˈmjuːtɚ/ 1. One who commutes (etymology 1). 2. A person who regularly travels between two places. Labels: Canada, UK, US Example: How can an operator be, at the same time, top for overall satisfaction and bottom for value for money? I turned to Anthony Smith for the answer, leaning on his 20 years running Transport Focus and its predecessors. It's commuters, he explained. "You can't please commuters, you can only not displease them." 3. A person who regularly travels between two places. Labels: Philippines 4. Normally a short form of commuter rail, commuter train or commuter bus; A transport system or a vehicle in such systems used to transport commuters (#2) Example: He takes the commuter to headquarters at least once a week.
Word: vigilance Part of Speech: noun Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French vigilance, from Latin vigilantia. Pronunciation: /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪlɪns/, /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪləns/ 1. Alert watchfulness. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: To-night she took her accustomed place; for, during the night, no vigilance could satisfy her but her own: any eye but hers might close in momentary forgetfulness. Example: I corralled the judge, and we started off across the fields, in no very mild state of fear of that gentleman's wife, whose vigilance was seldom relaxed. And thus we came by a circuitous route to Mohair, the judge occupied by his own guilty thoughts, and I by others not less disturbing. 2. Close and continuous attention. Labels: uncountable, usually Example: But you must remember, my fellow-citizens, that eternal vigilance by the people is the price of liberty, and that you must pay the price if you wish to secure the blessing. 3. A guard; a person set to watch. Labels: obsolete, uncountable, usually
Word: cypher Part of Speech: noun 1. Alternative spelling of cipher. Labels: UK, alt-of, alternative Example: Lady Bertram seems more of a cypher now than when he is at home; […] Example: I have been critical of the RDG in the past for merely being a cypher for government announcements, but the failure of its members to make a stand on this issue and not be complicit in the Government's subterfuge is a shocking indictment of their failure to protect the industry.
Word: cypher Part of Speech: verb 1. Alternative spelling of cipher. Labels: UK, alt-of, alternative
Word: prong Part of Speech: noun Etymology: From Middle English pronge, perhaps from Middle Low German prange (“stick, restraining device”), from prangen (“to press, pinch”), from Old Saxon *prangan, from Proto-West Germanic *prangan, from Proto-Germanic *pranganą (“to press”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)preng- (“to wrap up, constrict”). Akin to Lithuanian spriñgti (“to choke, become choked or obstructed”), Latvian sprañgât (“cord, constrict”), Ancient Greek σπαργανόω (sparganóō, “to swaddle”), σπάργανον (spárganon, “swaddling cloth”). See also prank, prance, prink. Pronunciation: /pɹɒŋ/, /pɹɔŋ/, /pɹɑŋ/ 1. A thin, pointed, projecting part, as of an antler or a fork or similar tool. Example: a pitchfork with four prongs Example: a comb with prongs 2. A branch; a fork. Labels: figuratively, sometimes Example: the two prongs of a river Example: the second prong of the argument 3. A fork (agricultural tool). Labels: Cornwall Example: […] a tradition is recorded that a man called 'Ralph' resided in this cavern for many years, and, with a prong as his weapon, successively kept the bailiffs at bay. 4. The penis. Labels: colloquial Example: One look at that lifeguard's prong gave me a throbber like a baseball bat — not quite that big, of course, but at least that hard! Example: 2008, Andy Zaltzman on The Bugle podcast, episode 34, You Will Know Us By Our Knobbly Fruit. Hang on... That looks like... No, it can't be. Is that my wang!? Micky Paintbrush, have you painted my papal prong on that nudy man!?