naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Edmund B . Gregory Edmund Bristol Gregory was a Lieutenant General in the United States Army . Early life and education . Gregory was born at Storm Lake , Iowa , on July 4 , 1882 . He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1904 , and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the infantry . Military career . Gregory served with the 14th Infantry Regiment in the Philippines from 1904 to 1905 . From 1905 to 1908 he was assigned to Vancouver Barracks , Washington . He was again assigned to duty in the Philippines , serving from 1908 to 1910 , when he was transferred to Fort William Henry Harrison , Montana , where he remained until 1911 . From 1911 to 1912 he was Professor of History and English at West Point . He then went to the Philippines for the third time , serving there until 1916 . Gregory served at the General Supply Depot in Jeffersonville , Indiana from 1917 to 1921 and transferred from the infantry to Quartermaster in 1920 . From 1921 to 1922 he was assistant supply officer at Atlanta , Georgia ' s General Intermediate Depot . He served in Shanghai , China from 1922 to 1924 and was an advisor to the New York National Guard from 1924 to 1927 . Gregory was then assigned to the Office of the Quartermaster General in Washington , D . C . where he served from 1928 to 1933 , and he received a master ' s of business administration degree from Harvard University in 1929 . From 1933 to 1936 Gregory was assigned to Headquarters , II Corps and he graduated from the Army War College in 1937 . Gregory served in the Office of Quartermaster General from 1937 to 1940 , when he was appointed as the Army ' s Quartermaster General , advancing from Colonel directly to Major General . In 1945 he was promoted to Lieutenant General , the first Quartermaster Officer to attain this rank . As Quartermaster General during World War II , he oversaw the development , procurement and distribution of billions of dollars worth of equipment and supplies . Gregory also supervised the training of thousands of quartermaster soldiers . In addition , he had responsibility for over 900 , 000 civilian personnel employed by contractors to produce supplies , equipment , ammunition and vehicles for the war effort . After the war he was assigned as Chairman of the War Assets Corporation , responsible for disposing of the surplus of wartime bases , supplies and equipment , where he served until his 1946 retirement . Death and legacy . General Gregory died at Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington , D . C . on January 26 , 1961 and was buried in Section 2 , Lot E 134 - 2 at Arlington National Cemetery . His commendations and decorations included two awards of the Distinguished Service Medal , Philippine Campaign Medal , Mexican Border Service Medal , World War I Victory Medal , American Defense Service Medal , American Campaign Medal , European - African - Middle Eastern Campaign Medal , Asiatic - Pacific Campaign Medal , World War II Victory Medal . General Gregory was one of the first inductees of the Quartermaster Hall of Fame during the hall ' s 1986 charter year .
Shahab - 1 The Shahab - 1 ( Persian : Ŝahāb 1 , meaning " Meteor - 1 " ) was the foundation of the long - range Iranian missile program . Iran began making the Shahab - 1 sometime between 1987 and 1994 . Variants . Shahab is the name of a class of Iranian missiles , service time of 1988 - present , which comes in six variants : Shahab - 1 , Shahab - 2 , Shahab - 3 , Shahab - 4 , Shahab - 5 , Shahab - 6 .
Robert Sanford Foster Robert Sanford Foster was a Union general during the American Civil War . He played a prominent role in the siege of Petersburg and the Appomattox Campaign . Biography . Foster was born in Vernon , Indiana in 1834 . He moved to Indianapolis to learn the trade of being a tinner . Foster enlisted as a private of Indiana volunteers at the onset of the Civil War . He was quickly promoted to captain in Lew Wallace ' s 11th Indiana Zouave Regiment and saw action at the Battle of Rich Mountain in western Virginia . Following these battles he was transferred to the 13th Indiana Volunteers as major and shortly after promoted to colonel on April 30 , 1862 . Foster led his regiment during Stonewall Jackson ' s Valley Campaign of 1862 until his regiment was transferred to southeast Virginia in the vicinity of Suffolk . Colonel Foster took command of a brigade in John J . Peck ' s division at Suffolk . When James Longstreet threatened Suffolk in 1863 , Peck ' s garrison eventually rose to the size of three divisions . Foster commanded the 2nd Brigade in Michael Corcoran ' s 1st Division . During the subsequent Siege of Suffolk Foster ' s brigade manned the southwest front of the city ' s defenses . Following the lifting of the siege , Foster was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers on June 12 , 1862 . General Foster was transferred to Quincy A . Gillmore ' s X Corps near Charleston , South Carolina . Foster commanded the 1st Brigade of the Union forces on Folly Island during the siege of Charleston Harbor . During the early part of 1864 Foster commanded a brigade then division in Florida and when Gillmore ' s corps was transferred to the southeast Virginia , Foster was placed in command of the 1st Division , X Corps . During the Bermuda Hundred Campaign Foster served as chief of staff to Gillmore . He returned to command the 1st Division briefly before reverting to brigade command . He led his brigade during the first and second battles of Deep Bottom . He commanded the 2nd Division , X Corps at the battle of New Market Heights . During the winter of 1864 / 1865 the Army of the James was reorganized and Foster was placed in command of the 1st Division of the XXIV Corps now under the command of John Gibbon . Foster notably led his division in an assault on Fort Gregg during the Union breakthrough at Petersburg . Foster ' s division was part of the Union force which blocked Robert E . Lee ' s line of retreat at Appomattox Court House , leading to the Confederate surrender there . Foster was brevetted to major general of U . S . volunteers on March 13 , 1865 . After the culmination of fighting Foster served as a member of the commission which tried the Lincoln Conspirators . He resigned from the army in September 1865 . Foster returned to Indiana where he died in Indianapolis in 1903 .
Otto Sponheimer Otto Sponheimer ( 19 December 1886 – 14 March 1961 ) was a highly decorated General der Infanterie in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several corps . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Otto Creutzmann Leutnant Otto Creutzmann was a World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories . Early life and ground service . Otto Creutzmann was born in Spickendorf Halle an der Salle on 8 January 1892 . He joined the German army in 1914 , as World War I began . He saw ground combat until June 1915 , when he was wounded by shellfire . He then joined the " Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches " ( Imperial German Air Service ) . Aerial service . Creutzmann began his flying service with " Kampfgeschwader " ( Tactical Bombing Wing ) 2 . He transferred to " Staffel " 33 , then moved on to " Kampfstaffel " ( Tactical Bomber Squadron ) 23 of " Kampfgeschwader " ( Tactical Bombing Wing ) 4 . One of Creutzmann ' s observers in this assignment was Lothar von Richthofen . Creutzmann was awarded the Kingdom of Saxony ' s Albert Order on 1 December 1916 . On 6 February 1917 , he transferred to " Jagdstaffel 20 " . On 11 July 1917 , he shot down an Airco DH . 4 from No . 57 Squadron RFC over Ledgehem , Belgium for his first aerial victory . On 12 August 1917 , he was forwarded to " Kampfeinsitzerstaffel " ( Combat Single - seater Squadron ) 4 . On 20 February 1918 , Creutzmann transferred yet again , to " Jagdstaffel 43 " . He suffered a slight wound in May . He stayed until 13 June , upgrading to flying a Fokker Dr . I Triplane while with the squadron . He was then promoted to command as a " Staffelführer " , and scored his last three victories while commanding Royal Prussian " Jagdstaffel 46 " . On 19 July 1918 , he was presented the Military Order of St . Henry . He headed " Jasta 46 " until the end of the war . Post World War I . Otto Creutzmann died in 1943 .
CD - class naval drifter CD - class naval drifters were armed naval drifter s built during World War I for the Royal Canadian Navy ( CD stood for " Canadian Drifter " ) . 100 of these were ordered , numbered from " CD 1 " to " CD 100 " . Of these , 37 were completed . Some were lent to the US Navy and Royal Navy during World War II .
United States Military Junior College In the United States , a Military Junior College is a military - style junior college that allows cadets to become commissioned officer s in the U . S . Army reserve in two years , instead of the usual four , through the Early Commissioning Program . The students must still go on to complete a bachelor ' s degree before serving as regular officers on active duty . Begun in 1966 , the Early Commissioning Program ( ECP ) plays a major role in officer production . In some years , ECP officers have accounted for over 60 percent of all ROTC second lieutenants in the United States . The program is a major financial incentive for students who receive their commissions early and serve as officers while still attending college and gaining service time for promotions and retirement . In 1984 , the California Guard received 95 percent ( 74 of 78 ) of its ROTC lieutenants from the ECP program . The Army Reserve has had similar experiences . With the United States ’ involvement in continuing military action in Iraq and Afghanistan , the number of ECP slots is again being increased . Colleges . There are five Military Junior Colleges in the United States :
Victory Corps The Victory Corps was an American program during the Second World War that provided training to male and female high school students . The Victory Corps was established on September 25 , 1942 by Commissioner of Education John W . Studebaker . The program focused on skills relevant to the war effort , ranging from physical conditioning to more specialized skills depending on the desired branch of the armed forces , such as trigonometry for the U . S . Navy . Broadly , the Corps emphasized " science , mathematics , and physical education " . As the War drew to a close in Europe and Asia , the Corps was gradually phased out starting in June , 1944 .
Fifty - Fourth Army ( Japan ) The was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the final days of World War II . History . The Japanese 54th Army was formed on June 19 , 1945 under the Japanese 13th Area Army as part of the last desperate defense effort by the Empire of Japan to deter possible landings of Allied forces in central Honshū during Operation Downfall . The Japanese 54th Army was based in Shinshiro , Aichi Prefecture and was thus intended to guard the approaches and beachheads to Nagoya and the Chūbu region of Japan . It consisted mostly of poorly trained reservists , conscripted students and home guard militia . Most of its units were still in training , and had neither weapons nor ammunition at the time of their demobilization at the surrender of Japan on August 15 , 1945 , without having seen combat .
Rosia Airfield Rosia Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Italy , which is located approximately 13 km southwest of Siena ; 180 km northwest of Rome . It was an all - weather temporary field built by the XII Engineer Command using a graded earth compacted surface , with a prefabricated hessian ( burlap ) surfacing known as PHS . PHS was made of an asphalt - impregnated jute which was rolled out over the compacted surface over a square mesh track ( SMT ) grid of wire joined in 3 - inch squares . Pierced Steel Planking was also used for parking areas , as well as for dispersal sites , when it was available . In addition , tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . Once completed it was turned over for use by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force 3d Reconnaissance Group , which flew F - 4 and F - 5 Lightning s from the airfield between September 1944 and January 1945 . Today , the airfield runway and dispersal pads are faintly visible on aerial photography of the Nettuno area .
Des Moines - class cruiser The " Des Moines " - class cruisers were a group of U . S . Navy heavy cruiser s , commissioned in 1948 – 1949 . They were the last of the all - gun heavy cruisers , exceeded in size in the American navy only by the s . Description . Derived from the heavy cruisers , they were larger , had an improved machinery layout , and carried a new design of auto - loading , rapid - fire 8 " / 55 gun ( the Mk16 ) . The improved Mk16 guns of the main battery were the first auto - loading 8 " guns fielded by the US Navy , and allowed a much higher rate of fire than earlier designs , capable of sustaining 12 shots per minute per barrel , or about twice that of the Mk12s found on the " Baltimore " class . The auto - loading mechanism could function at any elevation , giving even these large - caliber guns some anti - aircraft ability . While the secondary battery of six twin 5 " / 38 Mk12 DP guns was essentially unchanged from the preceding and " Baltimore " - class cruisers , the " Des Moines " class carried a stronger battery of small - caliber anti - aircraft guns , including 12 twin 3 - inch / 50 Mk27 and later Mk33 guns , that were considered superior to the earlier ships ' quad - mounted 40mm Bofors against then current airborne threats . History . Twelve ships of the class were programmed , but only three ships were completed : , , and , with the USS " Dallas " ( CA - 140 ) cancelled when she was approximately 28 percent complete . The first two were decommissioned in 1959 and 1961 , respectively , but " Newport News " remained in commission until 1975 , serving for a long period ( 1962 - 1968 as Second Fleet flagship , and then providing gunfire support off Viet Nam 1969 - 1973 . She had the distinction of being the last active all - gun cruiser ( serving 25 . 5 years continuously ) and the first completely air - conditioned surface ship in the U . S . Navy . " Salem " is a museum ship in Quincy , Massachusetts . " Newport News " was scrapped in 1993 , and " Des Moines " was scrapped in 2006 – 2007 . " Dallas " ( CA - 140 ) and eight other ships ( CA - 141 through CA - 143 and CA - 149 through CA - 153 ) were canceled at the end of World War II .
Lawrence E . Knox Major Lawrence Edward Knox ( 1836 – 1873 ) was a British Army officer and founder of The Irish Times . He was born in the Kemp Town area of Brighton in East Sussex , England . His parents were Arthur Edward Knox of Castlerea , County Roscommon , ( later Trotton House , Sussex ) and Jane Parsons , daughter of Laurence Parsons , 2nd Earl of Rosse . In 1859 , at the age of 22 , he founded " The Irish Times " . Knox purchased an Ensigncy in the 63rd Foot in 1854 and was promoted Lieutenant without purchase later the same year . He purchased a Captaincy in 1857 . He exchanged into the 11th Foot in 1858 . In 1866 he was commissioned Major in the Tower Hamlets Militia . In 1868 he was elected to Parliament for Sligo Borough , although the election was later declared void .
Air Fighting Development Unit The Air Fighting Development Unit ( AFDU ) was an air technical intelligence part of the Royal Air Force which developed operational tactics and tested captured enemy aircraft . It was based at Royal Air Force Station s at Northolt , Duxford and Wittering . The Air Fighting Development Unit was under the control of RAF Fighter Command and the Air Ministry , and performed comparative trials and developed and promulgated tactics effective against the enemy . Also sharing Wittering with the AFDU was the Naval Air Fighting Development Unit . These units were also tasked to carry out a variety of tests and evaluations on a wide range of fighter aircraft , aircraft modifications and new equipment prior to entering Allied service . The units were absorbed into the Central Fighter Establishment and moved to Tangmere in 1945 . Operation Banquet . The Air Fighting Development Unit , under Operation Banquet anti - invasion plans , was allocated the title No . 550 Squadron RAF . See also . No . 1426 Flight RAF - also known as the " Rafwaffe "
Victor Denain Victor - Léon - Ernest Denain ( 6 November 1880 in Dax – 31 December 1952 in Nice ) was a French general , aviator and politician . He was behind the creation of the Salon - de - Provence Air School and the general development of military aviation . Biography . Denain graduated from Saint - Cyr in 1901 and joined the French Army ' s cavalry . In 1903 , he was assigned as Second Lieutenant to the 6e régiment de chasseurs à cheval ( 6th Cavalary Regiment ) and in October 1905 , as a First Lieutenant , he campaigned in the southern territories with the 5e régiment de chasseurs d ' Afrique ( 5th Regiment of Chasseurs d ' Afrique ) . In 1915 , he transferred to the French Air Force where he commanded the aircraft of the Allied armies on the Eastern Front ( 1916 – 1918 ) . With the French Air Force , he served in the Levant from 1918 to 1923 , mainly in Syria . As such , he became a protege of General Weygand who arranged a foreign career for him . Denain was Head of the French Military Mission to Poland 1924 through 1931 . From 10 March 1933 to 6 February 1934 , General Denain served as the Chief of the Air Force General Staff under Air Minister Pierre Cot , replacing General Joseph Barès . Denain and Cot dealt with the Armee de l ' Air ' s technological issues . They built a series of new aircraft built to make the air services competitive ; they worked with French aircraft manufacturers on improvements to aircraft design and production ; and they made threats to nationalize the French aviation industry . Denain developed a strategic role for the Air Force with plans in 1933 for equipping it with 1 , 000 new planes . From 9 February 1934 to 24 January 1936 , he was Aviation Minister in the Gaston Doumergue government . During this time , an on behalf of France , Denain announced this his country would organize a Paris to Hanoi air race in 1935 , modeled after the London - Melbourne race . By August 1936 , under the Blum government , General Denain , had become High Commissioner of French Morocco . The next year , as Inspector General of the Air Force overseas , he transferred into the reserves . A very skilled pilot , he performed reconnaissance trips on numerous occasions . For example , as Air Minister he piloted his personal Breguet 27 to Belgrade , accompanied by two squadrons of Breguet 27s and a Dewoitine , to attend the funeral of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia on 17 October 1943 .
Field marshal ( India ) Army . Gen . K . M . Cariappa was appointed to this rank in 1986 , more than thirty years after his retirement from the Indian Army . He was a member of the Army Sub Committee of the Forces Reconstitution Committee , which divided the British Indian Army into the Indian and Pakistani Armies after the Partition of India in 1947 . He served as the Indian Army ' s first Commander - in - Chief , India ' s first Indian Chief of Staff , and led the Indian forces in Kashmir during the Indo - Pakistani War of 1947 . Sam Manekshaw MC ( 3 April 1914 – 27 June 2008 ) , also known as Sam Bahadur ( " Sam the Brave " ) , was an Indian military leader who was the first Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of Field Marshal . His distinguished military career spanned four decades and five wars , beginning with service in the British Indian Army in World War II . Manekshaw rose to be the 8th chief of staff of the Indian Army in 1969 and under his command , Indian forces conducted victorious campaigns against Pakistan in the Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 that led to the liberation of Bangladesh in December 1971 . Air Force . The equivalent rank in the Indian Air Force ( IAF ) , Marshal of the Air Force , was conferred on Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh in 2002 in recognition of his service in building the Force , and for his leadership during the Indo - Pakistani War of 1965 . He was also the first officer promoted to Air Chief Marshal in the IAF . All previous Indian Chiefs of Air Staff had been Air Marshal s . Navy . The equivalent rank in the Indian Navy is the Admiral of the Fleet , but this has never been awarded .
Greek destroyer Vasilissa Olga ( D15 ) Vasilissa Olga ( ) was a Greek destroyer of the " Vasilefs Georgios " ( modified G ) class , which served with the Royal Hellenic Navy during the Second World War , becoming its most distinguished and successful ship until her loss in 1943 . She was named after Queen Olga of Greece , the wife of King George I , and was the second ship to bear this name . Built by Yarrow & Company ( Scotstoun , Scotland ) , along with her sister ship , the " Vasilefs Georgios " , she was the most modern ship of the Greek Navy at the outbreak of the Second World War . She participated in the naval operations of the Greco - Italian War , in convoy escort duty and in the first and third naval raids against Italian shipping in the Strait of Otranto ( 14 – 15 November 1940 , and 4 – 5 January 1941 ) . After the German invasion of Greece , along with several other ships , she escaped to Alexandria in May 1941 . She was assigned the British pennant number " H 84 " , and after undergoing modernization in Calcutta ( November – December 1941 ) , she returned to active duty in the Mediterranean Sea . Under her captain , Lt . Cmdr . G . Blessas , she enjoyed several successes : " Olga " also participated in the capture of Pantelleria and the Allied invasion of Sicily . During the Allied operations during the Dodecanese Campaign in the Aegean Sea in September 1943 , together with the British destroyers HMS " Faulknor " and " Eclipse " , she sank a German convoy , consisting of the transports " Pluto " ( 2 , 000 tons ) and " Paolo " ( 4 , 000 tons ) , near Astypalea . During the Battle of Leros , she transported members of the Long Range Desert Group to the island , but on September 26 , she was attacked and sunk by 25 Junkers Ju 88 bombers in the Gulf of Lakki in Leros . Cmdr . Blessas , 6 officers and 65 other members of the crew perished with the ship . A monument has been erected in Lakki in honour of the ship .
Johannes van den Bosch Johannes , Count van den Bosch ( February 2 , 1780 – January 28 , 1844 ) was a Dutch Lieutenant General and politician . Biography . Born at Herwijnen in the province of Gelderland , the Netherlands , van den Bosch arrived in Java in 1797 as a lieutenant , but was quickly promoted to colonel . He departed in 1810 , because of differences with Governor - General Daendels . After his return to Holland in November 1813 , Van den Bosch agitated for the return of the House of Orange . He was recommissioned in the army as a Colonel and made Commander of Maastricht . He later became a Major General . Van den Bosch helped found the Society for the Founding of Poor Colonies and was especially associated with the Colony of Frederiksoord . In 1827 , he became the commissary general and was sent back to Jakarta , where he was made Governor - General in 1830 . Van den Bosch returned to the Netherlands five years later and took over the governing of the colony . He retired voluntarily in 1839 , when he was elevated to the noble rank of Count and made Minister of State on December 25 of that year . Van den Bosch died on January 1844 at his estate in the Hague .