naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ezekiel Cornell Ezekiel Cornell ( 1732 – April 25 , 1800 ) represented Rhode Island in the U . S . Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782 . Ezekiel Cornell was born in 1732 in either Dartmouth , Massachusetts or Scituate , Rhode Island . He attended the public schools and was employed as a mechanic . Cornell served as Scituate ' s town meeting moderator in 1768 , 1781 and 1785 and as a Deputy ( Representative ) from Scituate to the General Assembly in 1772 , 1774 and 1775 . During the American Revolution Cornell was appointed lieutenant colonel in Hitchcock ’ s Rhode Island Regiment in 1775 and was present at the siege of Boston . The unit was taken into the Continental Army , from which Cornell resigned in December 1776 . Cornell was appointed deputy adjutant general on October 1 , 1776 , appointed brigadier general of State troops in 1776 and served until March 16 , 1780 . Cornell served as a member of the Continental Congress from 1780 until 1782 and retired to his farm at Scituate , Rhode Island . Ezekiel Cornell died in Milford , Massachusetts on April 25 , 1800 . His site of burial is unknown .
Edward Elers Delaval Henderson Lieutenant - Colonel Edward Elers Delaval Henderson VC ( 2 October 1878 – 25 January 1917 ) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Henderson was educated at Dunstable Grammar School . He was 38 years old , and a major and acting lieutenant colonel in The North Staffordshire Regiment ( The Prince of Wales ' s ) , British Army , attached to The Royal Warwickshire Regiment , commanding 9th Battalion during the First World War . On 25 January 1917 on the west bank of the River Hai , near Kut , Mesopotamia , he performed the deed for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross . Citation . He was buried in the Amara War Cemetery . The Medal . His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery at the Imperial War Museum , London .
12 . 8 cm FlaK 40 The 12 . 8 cm FlaK 40 , was a German World War II anti - aircraft gun . Although it was not produced in great numbers , it was one of the most effective heavy AA guns of its era . Development of the gun began in 1936 , with the contract being awarded to Rheinmetall Borsig , the first prototype gun was delivered for testing in late 1937 and completed testing successfully . The gun weighed nearly 12 tonnes in its firing position , with the result that its barrel had to be removed for transport . Limited service testing showed this was impractical , so in 1938 other solutions were considered . The eventual solution was to simplify the firing platform , based on the assumption it would always be securely bolted into concrete . The total weight of the system reached 26 . 5 tonnes , making it practically impossible to tow cross - country . In the end this mattered little , since by the time the gun entered production in 1942 , it was used in primary static defensive applications . There were four twin mounts on the fortified anti - aircraft Zoo Tower , and they were also on other flak tower s protecting Berlin , Hamburg , and Vienna . Approximately 200 were mounted on railcars , providing limited mobility . The gun fired a 27 . 9 kg ( 57 . 2 - pound ) shell at 880 m / s ( 2 , 890 ft / s ) to a maximum ceiling of 14 , 800 m ( 48 , 556 ft ) . Compared with the 88mm FlaK 18 & 36 , the 128 used a powder charge four times as great which resulted in a shell flight time only one - third as long . This made aim against fast - moving targets much easier .
James Madison Robertson James Madison Robertson ( d . January 21 , 1891 ) was an artillery officer in the United States Army who commanded the U . S . Horse Artillery Brigade during the American Civil War . Biography . Born in New Hampshire , Robertson enlisted in the U . S . Army in 1838 , and served for ten years in Batteries F and H , 2nd U . S . Artillery . Ranking as a quartermaster sergeant during the Mexican - American War , Robertson received a field commission on June 28 , 1848 . He was promoted to first lieutenant in 1852 . In May 1861 , Robertson received his captaincy as the army expanded for the Civil War , and was assigned to command Battery B , 2nd U . S . Artillery . Robertson ’ s Battery B was combined with Battery L early in the war , and he commanded the combined batteries during the Peninsula Campaign in mid - 1862 . Robertson succeeded William Hays as the commander of the U . S . Horse Artillery Brigade , and held that position through the remainder of the war . Engaged in most of the major battles in the Eastern Theater , Robertson was awarded successive brevet promotions to brigadier general by the end of the war . After the war , Robertson returned to his permanent rank of captain in the Regular Army , and earned a promotion to major in June 1874 . He transferred to the 3rd U . S . Artillery in 1875 , and retired in 1879 . He died on January 21 , 1891 .
Battle of Hoke ' s Run The Battle of Hoke ' s Run , also known as the Battle of Falling Waters or Hainesville , took place on July 2 , 1861 , in Berkeley County , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) as part of the Manassas Campaign of the American Civil War . Notable as an early engagement of Confederate Colonel Thomas J . Jackson and his Brigade of Virginia Volunteers , nineteen days before their famous nickname would originate , this brief skirmish was hailed by both sides as a stern lesson to the other . Acting precisely upon the orders of a superior officer about how to operate in the face of superior numbers , Jackson ' s forces resisted General Robert Patterson ' s Union forces briefly and then slowly retreated over several miles . Battle Sequence . On July 2 , Maj . Gen . Robert Patterson ' s division crossed the Potomac River near Williamsport , Maryland and marched on the main road to Martinsburg . Near Hoke ' s Run , the Union brigades of Cols . John J . Abercrombie and George H . Thomas encountered regiments of Col . Thomas J . Jackson ' s Confederate brigade , driving them back slowly . Jackson accomplished his orders to delay the Federal advance , withdrawing before Patterson ' s larger force . Confederate Order of Battle . The following Confederate Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Hoke ' s Run . The Union order of battle is shown separately . Army of the Shenandoah . BG Joseph E . Johnston Casualties . Figures vary . The National Park Service quotes Union as 23 and Confederate as 91 ( without differentiating types of casualties ) . Kennedy cites 75 Union deaths and 25 Confederate deaths . In his Official Report , Major - General Robert Patterson states the number of Confederate deaths as " over sixty " but does not describe Union casualties . < br > After the time for propagandizing the casualty figures ended , the following Union regiments precisely reported the sacrifices of their comrades - in - arms : Aftermath . On July 3 , Patterson occupied Martinsburg , but made no further aggressive moves until July 15 , when he marched to Bunker Hill . Instead of moving on Winchester , however , Patterson turned east to Charles Town and then withdrew to Harpers Ferry . Patterson ' s retrograde movement took pressure off Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley and allowed Brig . Gen . Joseph E . Johnston ' s Army of the Shenandoah to march to support Brig . Gen . P . G . T . Beauregard at Manassas Junction . Following the stunning Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21 , the Union commander at Hoke ' s Run , General Robert Patterson , was assigned popular blame without participating while the Confederate commander at Hoke ' s Run was assigned glory for his actions during the first major battle of the War ; thereafter , the two commanders and two engagements , one a brief skirmish and the other a major battle , cannot be uncoupled in retroanalysis .
Eynsford Castle Eynsford Castle is an unusually intact Norman castle in England , located close to the village of Eynsford . Built in 1088 , ransacked in the 14th century it fell into decay and is now in the care of English Heritage and open to the public . For years it was used as dog kennels by the Hart - Dyke family of nearby Lullingstone . Surviving fragments include sections of the curtain wall , some up to 30 feet in height , including evidence of the latrines , and buildings within the walls . The design of Eynsford Castle is reminiscent of early German castles with a " bergfried " or fighting - tower forming the central element of the defences . It has been listed by English Heritage as a scheduled ancient monument .
Military Ordinariate of Poland The Military Ordinariate of Poland ( ) is a military ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church . Immediately subject to the Holy See , it provides pastoral care to Roman Catholics serving in the Polish Armed Forces and their families . History . It was first established as a military vicariate on 5 February 1919 , but was suspended in 1947 . Following the fall of the communist rule in 1989 , a military ordinariate was established and the first military ordinary was appointed on 21 January 1991 . The Episcopal seat is located at the Field Cathedral of the Polish Army ( " Katedra Polowa Wojska Polskiego " ) in Warsaw , Poland .
Nakhoda Ragam - class corvette The Nakhoda Ragam class is a class of corvette offshore patrol vessel s originally built for the Royal Brunei Navy and named after the lead ship of the class , in turn named after a legendary Malay seafarer . Three vessels were built by BAE Systems Marine ( now BAE Systems Maritime - Naval Ships ) : The contract was awarded to GEC - Marconi in 1995 and the ships , a variant of the F2000 design , were launched in January 2001 , June 2001 and June 2002 at the then BAE Systems Marine yard at Scotstoun , Glasgow . The customer refused to accept the vessels and the contract dispute became the subject of arbitration . When the dispute was settled in favour of BAE Systems , the vessels were handed over to Royal Brunei Technical Services in June 2007 . In 2007 , Brunei contracted the German Lürssen ship yard to find a new customer for the three ships ; in November 2012 , it was announced that Indonesia had signed a memorandum of understanding with Britain to acquire the vessels for one - fifth of the original unit cost . The ships are expected to enter service with the Indonesian Navy by 2013 – 2014 . The ships are armed with MBDA Exocet Block II anti - ship missiles and MBDA Seawolf air defence missiles . The main gun is an Oto Melara 76mm ; the ship also carries two torpedo tubes , two 30mm remote weapon stations and has a landing spot for a helicopter .
SS Park Victory The SS Park Victory was a Victory - class cargo ship built during World War II . The ship ' s military service is uncertain as it was launched on April 21 , 1945 , very near the end of the war . The ship was named in honor of Park College ( now Park University ) , one of 150 educational institutions that had Victory ships named after them . Park College was selected as a training center for the V - 12 Navy College Training Program from 1943 to 1945 . This partnership between the Navy and Park College may have led to the naming of a ship in the college ' s honor . In reciprocation , Park College donated $ 300 to buy 120 books for the library aboard the " SS Park Victory " . The launching ceremony on April 21 , 1945 was attended by several Park alumni . " SS Park Victory " sank in the Gulf of Finland near Utö on Christmas Night , about 02 . 15 AM local time ( UTC + 2 ) , December 25 , 1947 after accidentally running aground on rocks in a storm . The Master of the ship , Allen Zepp , initially lost his license when a Coast Guard examiner said that Zepp failed to maintain an adequate anchor watch . The decision was overturned on appeal . 38 crew members of total of 48 outlived the ordeal . Those 38 along with 2 bodies left Utö island on December 26 headed back to the United States . After the crew returned home , the helpful islanders were sent coffee and sugar to thank the people who brought them to the shore and took them to shelter in their homes . The villagers sold the gift sugar and coffee , which was scarce just after the war , and with the money , they went on to order a special commemorative silver candle holder that holds 10 candles . On the candle holder are engraved the names of crew members who perished in the accident . Every Christmas Eve , the candles are lit in the Utö church chapel in memory of the accident and the lives that were lost in it .
23rd Sikh Pioneers The 23rd Sikh Pioneers were a regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1857 , when they were known as the 15th ( Pioneer ) Regiment of Punjab Infantry . The regiment recruited exclusively from the Mazhabi Sikh community of Punjab province . Despite being " pioneers " by name , the regiment functioned as a Sikh infantry regiment specially trained as assault pioneer s . Brief History . They took part in the Battle of Taku Forts ( 1858 ) , the Battle of Taku Forts ( 1860 ) and the Battle of Palikao in the Second Opium War . This was followed by the 1868 Expedition to Abyssinia a punitive expedition carried out by the armed forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire and Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia . They next took part in the Battle of Peiwar Kotal , the Battle of Charasiab in the Second Afghan War in 1878 . In 1903 , they took part in the British expedition to Tibet an invasion of Tibet by British Indian forces , seeking to prevent the Russian Empire from interfering in Tibetan affairs . After World War I , the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 23rd Sikh Pioneers now became the 1st Battalion , 3rd Sikh Pioneers , they were renamed again in 1929 , as the Corps of Sikh Pioneers , which was disbanded in 1933 . During the Second World War the regiment was reformed and named the Sikh Light Infantry . This regiment was allocated to the new Indian Army after independence .
Brazil Squadron The Brazil Squadron , the Brazil Station , or the South Atlantic Squadron was an overseas military station established by the United States in 1826 to protect American commerce in the South Atlantic during a war between Brazil and Argentina . When the Cisplatine War between Argentina and Brazil ended , the station remained and continued to protect American interests during several other conflicts . The squadron was also active in suppressing the African slave trade . The South Atlantic Squadron ceased to exist when it was absorbed into the North Atlantic Fleet in 1905 . Falklands Expedition . An expedition to the Falkland Islands was launched in late 1831 when the sloop - of - war USS " Lexington " was sent to Puerto Soledad to investigate the capture and possible armament of two American whalers . When the sailors arrived at the settlement , it ' s Argentine population was found to be suffering from starvation so Commander Silas Duncan evacuated the colonists to the mainland . Because of this the Falklands were left unpopulated and open for British colonization a few years later . Argentina ' s dispute with the United Kingdom over rights to the islands culminated in the 1982 Falklands War which left the British in control . Exaggerated accounts in opposition of the American expedition claim that the USS " Lexington " destroyed the town with naval gunfire though this never occurred . References .
Battle of Seringham The Battle of Seringham was fought on the island of Srirangam between 1 , 000 troops of the British East India Company commanded by Stringer Lawrence and a confederacy of French East India Company troops and Chanda Sahib . Prelude . Following their victory at Bahour , the British East India Company troops entered the city of Trichinopoly and took position there . Contrary to the orders from Dupleix to fall back on Pondicherry , French troops under the Scotsman Law retreated at once to the island of Srirangam to the north of Trichinopoly and planned to attack and oust the British from Trichinopoly . On April 12 , 1753 , Lawrence sent a detachment of 400 men under Captain Dalton to attack Chanda Sahib ' s troops and drive them out . But with scanty knowledge of the place and the terrain , Dalton and his men were caught unawares by Law who , however , panicked and allowed them to retreat safely . Law , then . decided to implement his strategy of retreating to Seringham , also known as Srirangam . Events . Soon after the retreat of the French forces , the British troops advanced and on April 17 , 1753 , captured Samayapuram to the north of Srirangam . The French troops were now completely encircled . On April 10 , 1753 , d ' Auteil set up at the head of 620 troops to relieve Law . On April 25 , he reached Utatur , 50 miles north of Samayapuram . d ' Auteil proceeded to the Coleroon river avoiding Clive ' s army and sent a messenger to inform Law of his movements but the messenger was captured by Clive who forced him to retreat to Utatur . Taking advantage of Clive ' s departure from Samayapuram , Law sent a force of 80 Europeans and 700 sepoys to take Samayapuram but was repulsed . Following this incident , the Thanjavur Maratha allies of the British East India Company took Coiladdy on May 7 , 1753 . On May 20 , 1753 , Stringer Lawrence sent an army of 1050 troops under Captain Dalton to Utatur forcing d ' Auteil at fall back on Pondicherry . Law attacked Dalton ' s troops but was repulsed and retreated to Srirangam once again . On June 8 , 1753 , Clive attacked d ' Auteil at Volcondah and forced him to surrender along with his army . With the situation turning desperate , Law entered into negotiations with the Thanjavur Maratha general Manokji for a safe passage for Chanda Sahib . However , immediately upon reaching the Maratha camp , Chanda Sahib was seized and taken prisoner . Manokji had him stabbed and sent his decapitated head to the Law . On the morning of June 13 , 1753 , Law surrendered along with 35 officers , 785 European soldiers and 2 , 000 sepoys .
Hitler Myth The Hitler Myth is a concept which embodies two key points in Nazi ideology ; firstly it presents Hitler as a demigod figure , who both embodies and shapes the German people and thus giving him a mandate to rule . Secondly it presents Hitler as a mighty defender of the German people against its foes , who merely wanted to redress the imbalance evoked at the Treaty of Versailles . These two elements were demonstrated in propaganda of the time and have helped to ' plaster over ' early cracks in the Nazi Regime ' s facade , though by no means de - fusing all tensions in Germany at that time . The myth of Hitler as the Saviour of Germany from conspiracies directed against it by the Soviet Union and the West - especially France - was an extremely powerful tool in binding together the German people in loyalty and submission . The German people were left embittered by the ineffective and unstable party politics of Weimar Germany which had failed to rescue its people from the humiliation administered by Europe at the close of the First World War . Thus , as Ian Kershaw states , " Hitler stood for at least some things they [ German people ] admired , and for many had become the symbol and embodiment of the national revival which the Third Reich had in many respects been perceived to accomplish . " The myth was lent much credence by Hitler ' s huge successes in the regeneration of Germany ' s economy over just a few years , recovering it from what seemed like unredeemable circumstances . In 1932 , one year before Hitler ' s rise to power , unemployment had been at over five and a half million , but by 1938 Germany was producing at record levels , and unemployment was below 200 , 000 and real wages were up for the first time since authoritarianism . According to Albert Speer , by around 1936 the Hitler Myth was under threat , with officials having to organise cheering crowds , presenting a stark contrast with Hitler ' s spontaneous crowds of old . 1938 saw a rise in Hitler ' s popularity , which dipped sharply with the outbreak of the Second World War . Only the victories in the West during 1940 revived it , and even then the campaign against the Soviet Union led to a dramatic decline in Hitler ' s popularity . In his book " Last Train from Berlin " , Howard K . Smith wrote : " I was convinced that of all the millions on whom the Hitler Myth had fastened itself , the most carried away was Adolf Hitler , himself . "
Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy badge The Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy badge is an identification badge of the United States Navy which is presented to the Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy upon assuming office . The Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy badge is the highest in a series of chief petty officer identification badge s . Originally , the full - size badge was worn on the lower left pocket below all awards and warfare pins . Effective 1 October 2004 , the badge was moved to the wearer ' s right , above the shirt pocket , and the miniature version of the badge replaced the full - size badge , to be more in line with where commanding officers wear their command - at - sea pin . NAVADMIN 274 / 06 effective 25 September 2006 returned the full - size badge to its original position . Because the Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy badge is considered an identification pin , there are no additional criteria for its issuance other than the wearer hold the office of MCPON . It is typically not issued as an award on a DD Form 214 but , as the office of MCPON is normally a terminal assignment , the Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy badge is normally included as a decoration in retirement shadow box es .
HMS Myrmidon ( 1900 ) HMS " Myrmidon " was one of two s which served with the Royal Navy . She was launched by Palmers on 26 May 1900 , and commissioned in August 1901 to serve on the Mediterranean Station . During her later service she was used in both the Mediterranean and home waters . " Myrmidon " was badly damaged in a collision with the merchant ship " Hamborn " on 26 March 1917 off Dungeness . Her crew were rescued by and SS " Tambour " , with the loss of one life .
Camp David Camp David is the country retreat of the President of the United States . It is located in wooded hills about 62 miles ( 100 km ) north - northwest of Washington , D . C . , in Catoctin Mountain Park near Thurmont , Maryland . It is officially known as Naval Support Facility Thurmont and is technically a military installation ; staffing is primarily provided by the U . S . Navy and the U . S . Marine Corps . First known as Hi - Catoctin , Camp David was originally built as a camp for federal government agents and their families , by the WPA , starting in 1935 , opening in 1938 . In 1942 , it was converted to a presidential retreat by Franklin D . Roosevelt and renamed " Shangri - La " ( for the fictional Himalayan paradise ) . Camp David received its present name from Dwight D . Eisenhower , in honor of his father and grandson , both named David . Camp David is not open to the general public . Catoctin Mountain Park does not indicate the location of Camp David on its official park maps due to privacy and security concerns . Presidential use . Every president since Franklin Roosevelt has made use of Camp David . Security issues . On July 2 , 2011 , an F - 15E intercepted a small two - seat passenger plane flying near Camp David , when President Obama was in residence . The civilian aircraft , which was out of radio communication , was intercepted approximately from the presidential retreat . The F - 15E escorted the aircraft out of the area and it landed in nearby Hagerstown , Maryland , without incident . The civilian plane ' s occupants were flying between two Maryland towns and were released without charge . On July 10 , 2011 , an F - 15 intercepted another small two - seat passenger plane flying near Camp David when President Barack Obama was again in residence ; the total number of interceptions over this July 9 weekend , was three planes .