naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Adolf Wolf Adolf Wolf ( 23 May 1899 – 11 March 1973 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Luftwaffe during World War II who commanded the 13 . Flak Division . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Adolf Wolf was captured in 1945 by British troops and was held until 1948 .
Daniel Ruggles Daniel Ruggles ( January 31 , 1810 – June 1 , 1897 ) was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . He commanded a division at the Battle of Shiloh . Biography . Ruggles was born in Barre , Massachusetts , in 1810 . In 1833 , he graduated from the United States Military Academy in West Point , New York , and served in the United States Army during the Second Seminole War and the Mexican - American War , and then served at a variety of garrisons and outposts . With the outbreak of the Civil War , Ruggles resigned his commission in the U . S . Army on May 7 , 1861 and enlisted in the Confederate Army not long afterwards . In August 1861 , he was promoted to brigadier general and assigned command of the 1st Division of the Second Corps in the Army of the Mississippi . He fought with General John C . Breckinridge , the former Vice President of the United States , in the 1862 campaign to regain control of Baton Rouge , Louisiana . The combined Breckinridge - Ruggles forces were unable to regain the capital city . From August 15 to August 29 , 1862 Ruggles was in command of the Port Hudson position on the Mississippi in Louisiana and supervised the planning and initial construction of fortifications in that region . On the 29th he was ordered by Breckinridge to move with some of his troops to the state of Mississippi . For the rest of the war he performed mostly administrative duties and was named as the head of the prison system in 1865 . He oversaw the final exchange of Union prisoners of war at the end of the conflict . During the battle of Shiloh ( Union name Pittsburg Landing ) on April 6 – 7 , 1862 , Gen . Ruggles , on Sunday , April 6 , saw repeated Confederate charges against the Union line known as " The Hornets Nest " fail . He sent word to his commanders to " Get every gun you can find . " Subsequently , artillery was collected from every part of the field and lined up in a row of 62 cannons , now known as " Ruggles ' s Battery " ( the biggest concentration of Artillery ever seen before ) , which hammered the Hornets Nest until the last Confederate charge broke the Union line at around 5 : 30 p . m . , forcing it to surrender , 12 hours after the battle had started . After the war , Ruggles was a real estate agent and a farmer in Virginia . He later served as a member of the West Point Board of Visitors . He died in Fredericksburg , Virginia in 1897 .
William B . Renshaw William Bainbridge Renshaw ( October 11 , 1816 – January 1 , 1863 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the American Civil War . Biography . Renshaw was born in Brooklyn , New York , to a naval family . His father , Commodore James Renshaw , had served with William Bainbridge , and subsequently named his son for the naval hero . Renshaw followed his father into the Navy and was appointed as a midshipman in November 1831 . He served on a variety of sailing ships and outposts for the next twenty years . He was appointed commander on April 26 , 1861 , during the early days of the Civil War . Renshaw was attached to Admiral David Farragut ' s squadron for most of the war and was commended for the " handsome manner in which he managed his vessel " , , during Mortar Flotilla operations on the Mississippi River in 1862 . He was in charge of the Union fleet blockading the port of Galveston , Texas , toward the end of the year , and fought in the First Battle of Galveston . On January 1 , 1863 , during the Second Battle of Galveston , Renshaw refused to surrender his flagship . He set fire to her to keep her out of Confederate hands , but died in the ensuing explosion . His failure to intercept the cotton ships cost the North the battle . Namesakes . Three later U . S . Navy ships have been named . The first was jointly named for him and his younger brother , Richard T . Renshaw . The later two were solely for William Renshaw .
William R . Shockley William Ralph Shockley ( December 4 , 1918 – March 31 , 1945 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . Biography . He was born December 4 , 1918 in Bokoshe , Oklahoma and enlisted in the Army from Selma , California . By March 31 , 1945 he was serving as a private first class in Company L , 128th Infantry Regiment , 32nd Infantry Division . During a Japan ese counterattack on that day , on the Villa Verde Trail in Luzon , the Philippines , he voluntarily stayed behind and provided covering fire while the rest of his unit retreated . Shockley was killed by the advancing Japanese soldiers . He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor seven months later , on October 19 , 1945 . Shockley , aged 26 at his death , was buried in Floral Memorial Cemetery , Selma , California . Medal of Honor citation . Private First Class Shockley ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads :
Edwin Tennyson d ' Eyncourt Admiral Edwin Clayton Tennyson d ’ Eyncourt CB RN ( 1813 – 14 January 1903 ) was a distinguished British naval officer . Biography . The second son of Charles Tennyson d ' Eyncourt , and a first cousin of the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson , he entered naval college in 1826 and became a lieutenant in 1837 . He served in the South American , East Indies and China Stations during the 1840s . In 1854 , he served in the Baltic campaign under Sir Charles Napier as captain of the gunboat HMS " Desperate " , and returned to that theatre in 1855 under Rear - Admiral Richard Saunders Dundas , as captain of the steam frigate HMS " Pylades " . From 1859 to 1862 he was captain of the blockship HMS " Edinburgh " as the guardship at Leith . He attained the rank of rear - admiral in 1866 and retired in 1870 , continuing to rise to the rank of admiral by 1878 . He was made a Companion of the Bath in 1873 . As a young man he thoroughly embodied his family ’ s social pretensions and their snobbish behaviour towards their poor relations , the Tennysons of Somersby ; but in later years the mutual dislike between him and his famous cousin thawed , and he gave Alfred advice on the law of propriety of accepting the peerage offered to him in 1883 .
62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry The 62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry Regiment , raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War , served in many capacities including the war , including as an infantry regiment , a cavalry regiment , a mounted infantry ( dragoon ) unit , a partisan unit of rangers , and even as a combined arms unit . It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia and in western Virginia . The 62nd Regiment Mounted Infantry completed its organization in September 1862 . The unit , at times known as the 1st Regiment , Virginia Partisan Rangers , was composed of infantry and cavalry until December when the cavalry companies united with other companies to form the 18th Regiment Virginia Partisan Rangers , and at times the 62nd Partisan Rangers , the 62nd Infantry , and Imboden ' s Partisan Rangers . The command was mounted during the latter part of 1863 and served in Imboden ' s Brigade . It fought in western Virginia , was active in the Gettysburg Campaign , then participated in various conflicts in the Shenandoah Valley . The regiment took part in Early ' s operations and disbanded in April , 1865 . Its commanders were Colonels John D . Imboden and George H . Smith , Lieutenant Colonels Robert L . Doyle and David B . Lang , and Majors Houston Hall and George W . Imboden .
Fred Winchester Sladen Fred Winchester Sladen ( November 24 , 1867 – July 10 , 1945 ) was career United States Army officer who rose to the rank of Major General and became Superintendent of the United States Military Academy . Education . Sladen received his appointment to the US Military Academy from the State of Nebraska , graduating 27th out of 54 in his class of 1890 . Military career . Sladen began his military career commissioned an officer in the Infantry branch upon graduating from the US Military Academy . During World War , Sladen served as commander of the 5th Infantry Brigade and for leading of his brigade was decorated with Distinguished Service Cross and Distinguished Service Medal . He would serve in the Army until his retirement on November 30 , 1931 . He achieved the rank of Major General and was the 32nd Superintendent of US Military Academy from 1922 – 1926 . He later served as Superintendent of Fort McHenry from 1931 - 1932 . Personal life . Sladen married Ms . Elizabeth Lefferts of New York City on October 8 , 1903 at the Church of the Holy Incarnation on Madison Avenue . One of Sladen ' s groomsmen was another future West Point Superintendent , William D . Conner . Sladen died in New London , New Hampshire July 10 , 1945 .
Mount Defiance ( New York ) Mount Defiance is an high hill on the New York side of Lake Champlain , in the northeastern United States . It is notable in that the hill militarily dominates both Fort Ticonderoga and Mount Independence , but it was deemed inaccessible so never fortified . Mount Defiance was previously known as Sugar Loaf . In the 1777 Siege of Fort Ticonderoga , the British army succeeded in positioning artillery on Mount Defiance , causing the Americans to withdraw from both forts without a fight . Mount Defiance is located at , in the town of Ticonderoga in southeastern Essex County .
George N . Crocker George N . Crocker ( July 31 , 1906 in California – February 20 , 1970 in San Francisco ) was a United States Army officer , author , lawyer and businessman . Biography . Crocker served as Dean of Golden Gate University School of Law from 1934 to 1941 when he resigned . Crocker was one of several critics of the New Deal and of Franklin D . Roosevelt ' s foreign policy . During World War II , Crocker was an officer in the largest and longest Army court - martial resulting from the Fort Lawton Riot . Crocker was the author of " Roosevelt ' s Road to Russia " , published by Henry Regnery Company ( 1959 ) . Ignored by the New York / Washington establishment it garnered favorable reviews in the " National Review " , " Modern Age " , " The Chicago Tribune " and " The Boston Herald " . In it , Crocker made claims that Roosevelt invariably backed Stalin and went to great lengths to hide this from the American public .
Castel dell ' Ovo Castel dell ' Ovo ( in Italian , " Egg Castle " ) is a seaside castle located on the former island of " Megaride " , now a peninsula , on the gulf of Naples in Italy . The castle ' s name comes from a legend about the Roman poet " Virgil " , who had a reputation in medieval times as a great sorcerer . In the legend , Virgil put a magical egg into the foundations to support the fortifications . If something had broken the egg , the castle was destroyed and a series of disastrous events would have involved the city of Naples . The castle is located between the districts of San Fernando and Chiaia , opposite the zone Mergellina . History during Roman Era . The Castel dell ' Ovo is the oldest standing fortification in Naples . The island of Megaride was where Greek colonists from Cumae founded the original nucleus of the city in the 6th century BC . Its location affords it an excellent view of the Naples waterfront and the surrounding area . In the 1st century BC the Roman patrician Lucius Licinius Lucullus built the magnificent villa " Castellum Lucullanum " on the site . Fortified by Valentinian III in the mid - 5th century , it was the site to which the last western Roman emperor , Romulus Augustulus , was exiled in 476 . Eugippius founded a monastery on the site after 492 . History from Norman to Napoleonic conquests . The remains of the Roman - era structures and later fortifications were demolished by local residents in the 9th century to prevent their use by Saracen raiders . The first castle on the site was built by the Normans in the 12th century . Roger the Norman , conquering Naples in 1140 , made of Castel dell ' Ovo its seat . The importance of the Castel dell ' Ovo began to decline when king Charles I of Anjou built a new castle , Castel Nuovo , and moved his court there . Castel dell ' Ovo became the seat of the Royal Chamber and of the State Treasury . It also served as a prison . The current appearance dates from the Aragonese domination ( 15th century ) . It was struck by French and Spanish artillery during the Italian Wars ; in the Neapolitan Republic of 1799 its guns were used by rebels to deter the philo - Bourbon population of the city . Present . In the 19th century a small fishing village ( " Borgo Marinaro " ) developed around the castle ' s eastern wall . This village remains , now known for its marina and restaurants . The castle is connected by a causeway that is a popular place for newlyweds to have their wedding photos taken . The causeway is over 100 metres long . The castle is rectangular in shape ( approximately 200 by 45 metres at its widest ) and has a high angular bastion overlooking the causeway . Inside the walls are several buildings that are often used for exhibitions and other special events . Behind the castle is a long promontory which was probably used as a docking area . A large round tower stands outside the castle walls to the southeast . External links . < br > < br >
James Cooney ( Medal of Honor ) James Cooney ( July 27 , 1860 – March 14 , 1903 ) was an Irishman serving in the United States Marine Corps during the Boxer Rebellion who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Cooney was born July 27 , 1860 in Limerick , Ireland and enlisted into the Marine Corps August 19 , 1889 . After entering the Marine Corps he was sent to fight in the Chinese Boxer Rebellion . He received his Medal for his actions in Tientsin , China July 13 , 1900 . The Medal was presented to him January 24 , 1902 . He died March 14 , 1903 in Vallejo , California and is buried there in Mare Island Cemetery . His grave can be found in section D , row 10 , plot 093 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , U . S . Marine Corps . Born : 27 July 1860 , Limerick , Ireland . Accredited to : Massachusetts . G . O . No . : 55 , 19 July 1901 . Citation : In the presence of the enemy during the battle near Tientsin , China , 13 July 1900 , Cooney distinguished himself by meritorious conduct . External links . city
Arado Ar 76 The Arado Ar 76 was a German aircraft of the 1930s , designed as a light fighter with a secondary role as an advanced trainer in mind . Designed & development . Arado ' s response to a requirement by the " Reichsluftfahrtministerium " ( RLM ) for a light / emergency fighter aircraft , was the Ar 76 which was evaluated against the Heinkel He 74 , Focke - Wulf Fw 56 , and the Henschel Hs 121 and Hs 125 in 1935 . Although the Fw 56 was selected for the main production contract , the RLM was sufficiently impressed by the Ar 76 to order a small number of production aircraft as well . Description . The Ar 76 was a parasol - wing monoplane with fixed , tailwheel undercarriage . The wings were fabric over wood , and the fuselage was fabric over steel tube . Operational history . Production Ar 76A aircraft were used by Jagdfliegerschulen ( fighter pilot schools ) from 1936 . Variants . " Data from : "
1st Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment ( 3 Years ) The 1st Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry ( 3 Year ) was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 1st Wisconsin was raised at Milwaukee , Wisconsin , and mustered into Federal service October 19 , 1861 . The new regiment was recruited by Colonel Starkweather of the original 1st Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment ( 3 Months ) after that regiment was mustered out of service . The regiment was mustered out on October 13 , 1864 . Total enlistments and casualties . The 1st Wisconsin Infantry initially mustered 945 men and later recruited an additional 563 men , for a total of 1508 men . The regiment suffered 6 officers and 151 enlisted men killed in action or who later died of their wounds , plus another 1 officer and 142 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 300 fatalities .
Signiferi The signiferi of the Roman legions were the ranks entrusted with various tasks to do with standard - bearing . Early in the Roman Republic the single rank " signifer " performed all these tasks but later in the Empire the tasks became more specialist with different ranks created for specific tasks , including the aquilifer ( eagle standard bearer for the whole legion ) , imaginifer ( bearer of the portrait of the god - like Emperor ) and the " draconarius ( bearer of a cavalry standard ) .
Tosan tank The Tosan ( Also written Towan , meaning Wild Horse or Fury ) is an Iranian light tank , for unconventional warfare . Production started in 1997 , but the tank was only produced in small numbers . Mass production started in 2008 . Colonel Nasser Arab - Beigi , head of the self - sufficiency unit of the IRGC ground forces , announced the mass - production of this ' Quick Reaction ' tank on June 30 , 2008 , as part of the country ' s campaign for defense self - sufficiency . Iran calls it a ' Quick Reaction ' tank because the tank is said to be capable of rapid response and is built for strategic missions . It appears to be based on the British FV101 Scorpion ( where Iran has 80 in service ) , the tank is fitted with a 90 mm gun , Toophan missile launchers and an improved firing and targeting systems . The tank can drive long distances on its tracks and does not need to be carried on trucks . See also . Zulfiqar MBT
Small boat operations Small boat operations in military and naval warfare refers to operations in and around the littoral zone , within a certain distance of shore , carried out by small but fast and highly maneuverable crafts . In recent years small unmanned systems have been tested for use in this kind of warfare . The role of the these types of operations would be both offensive and defensive . Conventional navies have used small craft for hit - and - run type attacks and raids on enemy ships , shore line and port facilities as far back as World War II ( the German e - boats ) and recent as the Iran – Iraq War . Following suicide attacks on warships by terrorists such as in the Sri Lankan Civil War and the USS Cole bombing , navies have adapted specialized crafts to maintain port security , patrol coastal and river line areas .
Action of 15 August 1917 The Action of 15 August 1917 was a naval engagement which occurred during the First World War . The action was fought between a German U - boat and two armed trawler s in the North Sea . Background . As part of the Imperial German Navy ' s U - boat campaign of unrestricted submarine warfare German U - boats had started to attack British trawlers ( which had previously been protected by the 1907 Naval Convention ) in the North Sea . In response to this , fishermen had requested weapons for self - defence , and a number of trawlers been equipped with deck guns , and had gunners assigned to man them . These vessels were generally skippered by men who were members of the Royal Navy Reserve , but were left to continue fishing , and act on their own initiative if attacked , rather than coming under Royal Navy command . Action . On 15 August 1917 , a number of Lowestoft trawlers were fishing in the North Sea , off the Jim Howe bank . Among them were the armed smack s and . " Nelson " — skippered by Tom Crisp — was armed with a 3 - pounder gun ; " Ethel & Millie " — skippered by William “ Johnsey ” Manning — carried a 6 - pounder . At around 14 : 45 , " Nelson " came under fire from a U - boat , which had surfaced some north - west of her position . Crisp cast off his nets — leaving them buoyed on the surface — and turned " Nelson " toward the U - boat to close the range . " Nelson " was hit several times ; she returned fire , but the shots fell short of their target . Crisp was also hit , and mortally wounded by one of the U - boats shells , and " Nelson " began to take on water and sink . At this point , Crisp ordered the crew to abandon ship , which they did , taking to a lifeboat . During this exchange , " Ethel & Millie " had closed up from the south - east , and , passing " Nelson " and her lifeboat , moved in to engage the U - boat . Manning proposed to stop and take on the survivors , but they refused , as he was not yet in range of the U - boat . The trawler continued to close , but she too came under fire from the U - boat , and after several hits , she too was left sinking , her crew also abandoning ship . " Nelson " s crew observed the men being taken from their boat , and lined up on the U - boat ' s deck , but were unable to see more as the view became obscured by the haze . " Nelson " s boat pulled away to the southwest , and escaped into the approaching dusk . Aftermath . " Nelson " s crew were at sea for the next two days being eventually rescued by HMS " Dryad " , a minesweeper assigned to fishery protection . Crisp ’ s actions were reported , and he was awarded the VC for the " seamanlike and brave manner " in which he had conducted himself . " Ethel & Millie " s crew were not seen again ; they were not reported as prisoners of war , and none returned to Britain at the end of hostilities . The suspicion at the time , and subsequently , is that they were disposed of by the U - boat crew , for example by being left to drown while the U - boat submerged . The U - boat which attacked the two boats has been identified as UC 63 commanded by Karsten von Heydebreck .