naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Arthur Ehrhardt Arthur Ehrhardt ( 21 March 1896 , Mengersgereuth - Hämmern , Saxe - Meiningen - 16 May 1971 ) was a German Waffen - SS officer and author on warfare who became a leading figure in the post - war neo - Nazi movement . Early years . Ehrhardt was involved in such youth groups as the Free German Youth and was also the founder of the Boy Scout movement in his home town of Coburg . He saw action in the First World War before returning to Coburg to teach elementary school . He first came to politics as a member of the Freikorps after the First World War . Ehrhardt had been a paid informer for the Wehrmacht and was also involved in the training of units of the Stahlhelm , Bund der Frontsoldaten and the Sturmabteilung . It was through his involvement in the latter that Ehrhardt first came to Nazism . He became an officer in the SA but left the movement after the killing of Ernst Röhm and became estranged from the Nazi Party . Wartime activity . Ehrhardt re - enlisted in the Wehrmacht when war broke out in 1939 and initially served with the Abwehr . At his own request he was transferred to the Waffen - SS in 1944 and worked as a member of Heinrich Himmler ' s staff . Within the SS he rose to rank of Sturmbannführer ( Major ) , becoming an expert in anti - espionage tactics in the Balkans . He also wrote extensively on the subject of guerrilla warfare , notably in such books as " Kleinkrieg " . This work has been edited by the Command and General Staff School of the United States Army in Fort Leavenworth , KA in 1936 under the title : " Guerrilla Warfare . Lessons of the Past and Possibilities of the Future " . However his insights into the possibility of unusual tactics being used by and against partisans were largely ignored by the Wehrmacht high command . He also served as the expert in ' Bandenbekämpfung ' in the Führer Headquarters . Post - war activism . Following the end of the Second World War Ehrhardt became a strong supporter of Oswald Mosley ' s Europe a Nation ideal and to this end was the founder ( with Herbert Böhme ) and editor of the magazine " Nation Europa " in 1949 . He was a minority shareholder in the enterprise and , although the journal was damaged by financial wrangling between Ehrhardt and Werner Naumann . it continues to this day . He was also a regular writer for " Western Destiny " , the magazine of Roger Pearson . Politically he was an active member of the European Social Movement and also founded his own group , the " Jungeuropäischer Arbeitskreis " , in 1958 .
Jeremiah Mahoney Jeremiah Mahoney ( 1840 – November 11 , 1902 ) was a Sergeant in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the American Civil War . Mahoney is buried in Holy Cross Cemetery and Mausoleum Malden , Massachusetts . His grave can be found in St Joseph ' s Avenue , Grave 118 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , Company A , 29th Massachusetts Infantry . Place and date : At Fort Sanders , Knoxville , Tenn . , November 29 , 1863 . Entered service at . Fall River , Mass . Birth : - - - - - - . Date of issue : December 1 , 1864 . Citation : Capture of flag of 17th Mississippi Infantry ( C . S . A . ) .
Matvey Kuzmin Matvey Kuzmich Kuzmin ( ; 3 August 1858 – 14 February 1942 ) was a Russian peasant who was killed in World War II . He was posthumously named a Hero of the Soviet Union on May 8 , 1965 , becoming the oldest person named a Hero of the Soviet Union based on his age at death . Early life . Kuzmin was born in 1858 in the village of Kurakino , in the Velikoluksky District ( then Uezd ) of Pskov Oblast . He was a self - employed farmer who denied the offer to join a kolkhoz or collective farm . He lived with his grandson and continued to hunt and fish on the territory of the kolkhoz " Rassvet " ( , ' Dawn ' ) . He was nicknamed " Biriuk " ( lone wolf ) . Malkino Heights . Kuzmin ' s home region was occupied by the forces of Nazi Germany in World War II . In February 1942 , he helped house a German battalion in the village of Kurakino . The German unit was ordered to pierce the Soviet defense in the area of Velikiye Luki by advancing into the rear of the Soviet troops dug in at Malkino Heights . On February 13 , 1942 , the German commander asked the 83 - year - old Kuzmin to guide his men and offered Kuzmin money , flour , kerosene , and a " Three Rings " hunting rifle . Kuzmin agreed , but on learning of the proposed route , sent his grandson Vasilij to Pershino ( 6 km . from Kurakino ) to warn the Soviet troops and to propose an ambush near the village of Malkino . During the night , Kuzmin guided the German units through straining paths , leading them to the outskirts of Malkino at dawn . There the village defenders and the 2nd battalion of 31st Cadet Rifle Brigade of the Kalinin Front attacked . The German battalion came under heavy machine gun fire and suffered losses of about 50 killed and 20 captured . Among the chaos , a German officer had realized what had happened and turned his pistol towards Kuzmin and shot him twice . Kuzmin died during the skirmish . Three days later Kuzmin was buried with military honors . Subsequently he was reburied at the military cemetery of Velikiye Luki . Legacy . Kuzmin ' s death became known through an article in " Pravda " , by Boris Polevoy . Polevoy was a military correspondent in that area and attended Kuzmin ' s funeral . In 1948 Polevoy wrote the children ' s story " The Last Day of Matvey Kuzmin " , which is still included in Russian school readings for third grade . Kuzmin ' s self - sacrifice , which was compared with that of Ivan Susanin , earned him the posthumous honour of being named a Hero of the Soviet Union . Throughout the USSR streets were named in his honour . A Soviet naval trawler was also named for him . In 1943 a statue to him was raised in the Moscow Metro station Izmailovsky Park ( now Partizanskaya ) , designed by the Soviet sculptor Matvey Manizer .
Hara Castle As a result of the Shimabara Rebellion in 1637 , the Shogunate decided to expel the Portuguese from Japan . The Dutch , meanwhile , gained the trust of the authorities after they bombarded Hara Castle , where the insurgents had taken refuge , and thus gained a monopoly on European trade with Japan .
Battle of Leskovac The Battle of Leskovac took place on September 24 , 1454 . After the successful route of the Ottomans under Firuz Bey at the Battle of Kruševac at the hands of the Serbian despot and his allies , two Serbian armies were set up , one in Kosovo , and the other in Dubočica , which is now known as Leskovac . A large Ottoman force headed from Macedonia was met by Nikola Skobaljić and the Serbs scored a decisive victory over the Ottomans . Nikola Skobalić continued his forays against the Ottomans , operating in Southern Serbia and the Leskovac area , and won several major victories against the armies of the Sultan until Mehmed II himself and to confront the Serbs at the Battle of Trepalje , where Voivode Nikola and his men fought to the last man , inflicting massive casualties on the much larger Ottoman force .
Uusimaa Brigade The Uusimaa Brigade or the Nyland Brigade ( ( UudPr ) , Swedish : " Nylands Brigad " ( NylBr ) ) is a Finnish Navy marine infantry unit located in Raseborg in the region of Uusimaa . The brigade trains soldiers to fight in a coastal environment . It is the only unit in the Finnish Defence Forces where the training is given in Swedish , although the command language is Finnish . The brigade also trains personnel for the international ATU unit ( Amphibious Task Unit ) , which is a special crisis management force that can be employed in coastal environments . The ATU unit also incorporates the coastal jaegers from the Swedish 1st Amphibious Regiment . Organization . The Vasa Coastal Jaeger Battalion trains coastal jaeger s , boatsmen , anti - tank infantry and engineers . The Ekenäs Coastal Battalion trains coastal missile troops , military police , signalmen as well as boat and truck drivers . It also incorporates the NCO school , which trains the NCOs for most duties in the brigade . History . The Nyland Brigade follows the traditions of the Nyland and Tavastehus Regiment , which Gustavus Adolphus established in 1626 . The regiment distinguished itself in the Battle of Siikajoki during the Finnish War . The brigade also traces back its history to the 3rd Jaeger Regiment during the Finnish Civil War and the 4th Infantry Regiment ( JR4 ) during World War II . Equipment . The brigade utilizes XA - 185 Pasi APCs and trucks for land transport , and " Jurmo " , " Uisko " and " G " class landing craft for amphibious transport . It has also a large number of boats for amphibious transport . The motorized artillery previously used 130 K 54 guns , but now relies on Spike - ER missiles for anti - ship warfare .
Long - Term Mine Reconnaissance System The AN / BLQ - 11 autonomous Unmanned Undersea Vehicle ( formerly the Long - Term Mine Reconnaissance System ( LMRS ) ) is a torpedo tube - launched and tube - recovered underwater search and survey unmanned undersea vehicle ( UUV ) capable of performing autonomous minefield reconnaissance as much as in advance of a host " Los Angeles " - , " Seawolf " - , or " Virginia " - class submarine . LMRS is equipped with both forward - looking sonar and side - scan synthetic aperture sonar . Boeing concluded the detailed design phase of the development project on 31 August 1999 . In January 2006 , USS " Scranton " ( SSN - 756 ) successfully demonstrated homing and docking of an LMRS UUV system during at - sea testing .
153d Command and Control Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 153d Command and Control Squadron ( 153 CACS ) is a command and control unit located at F . E . Warren AFB , Wyoming . Mission . The 153d Command and Control Squadron ( 153 CACS ) mobilizes communications , automated data processing , and combat logistics for United States Northern Command ( USNORTHCOM ) commanders . History . 4th Command and Control Squadron . Air Force Space Command transferred the 4th Command and Control Squadron ( 4 CACS ) to the Wyoming Air National Guard on 2 July 2002 , with the activation of the 153 CACS and the inactivation of 4 CACS . 721st Mobile Command and Control Squadron . The 721st Mobile Command and Control Squadron ( 721 MCCS ) was reassigned from the 721st Support Group ( Cheyenne Mountain AFS ) , to the 90th Operations Group , 90th Space Wing ( FE Warren AFB ) on 1 July 1999 . The 153 CACS inherited equipment and mission from the 721 MCCS when the latter unit was inactivated in 1998 . Logo Significance . The armored warhorse in the upper left quadrant of the shield is the symbol of that elite mobile warrior , the knight . The trumpet , or horn , in the lower right quadrant of the shield represents the instrument of command and control used by ancient armies . Kings and great nobles used the trumpet to call their martial forces to war as well as to control their movements on the battlefield . Thus , the symbols of the mobile warrior and the military horn are significant for the 721st Mobile Command and Control Squadron . Further , the color white on the unit shield traditionally denotes honor while the color red implies valor and even the blood of life or spirit of self - sacrifice . Both the color red and the horn tie the 721 MCCS / 153 CACS to an early medieval legend , that of " Roland and the Horn " at the Battle of Roncevalles in 778 . Charlemagne , king of the Franks , began to return home to France across the Pyrenees Mountains while Sir Roland guarded the rear of his army some distance behind . If ambushed by the enemy , Roland had been instructed to blow the trumpet and Charlemagne would charge to his assistance . Roland was indeed attacked , and in overwhelming numbers . Roland faced a terrible decision : if he called in Charlemagne ' s forces , all of the army faced destruction , or if he did not sound the trumpet Charlemagne and the main army would continue to safety while he and his tiny command would surely die . Gallantly , Roland and his men put the war horn away and prepared to make their last stand . The next day Charlemagne learned of the valiant deed and named Sir Roland the greatest of his knights .
Nursing Service Cross The Nursing Service Cross ( Post - nominal letters NSC ) is a decoration ( medal ) of the Australian Honours System . The NSC is awarded for outstanding performance of nursing duties in both operational and non - operational situations . The NSC replaced the Royal Red Cross in the Imperial honours system for recognising nursing personnel .
Wilhelm Boffer Wilhelm Boffer ( 18 August 1908 – 3 March 1970 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant der Reserves in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Wilhelm Boffer was captured by British troops in November 1944 and was released in 1948 .
Battle of the Nile ( 47 BC ) The Battle of the Nile in 47 BC saw the combined Roman – Egyptian armies of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra VII defeat those of the rival Queen Arsinoe IV and King Ptolemy XIII and secure the throne of Egypt . After pursuing his rival Pompey to Egypt , Caesar , recently victorious in a civil war closer to home , became entwined in the Alexandrine civil war after his rival , Pompey Magnus , was killed by King Ptolemy XIII in an attempt to please Caesar . From August 48 BC until January 47 BC , Caesar was besieged in Alexandria , Egypt with about 4 , 000 men . He was attempting to resolve the Egyptian Civil War between Ptolemy XIII and his sister Cleopatra . When Caesar began to appear to favor Cleopatra over him , Ptolemy was first captured , but then released by Caesar , and gathered his army to besiege the Romans in a small area of Alexandria . The Egyptians could never completely cut the Romans off from reinforcements and resupply , but had begun to get the upper hand by January . Caesar had requested reinforcements from his ally , Mithridates of Pergamum , who marched overland from Asia Minor to assist him . Arriving in the Nile delta in January , Mithridates defeated one Egyptian force sent to stop him . Caesar , getting a message that his allies were close , left a small garrison in Alexandria and hurried to meet them . The combined force , about 20 , 000 strong , met the Egyptians in February 47 BC at the Battle of the Nile . The Egyptian army , equipped in the Greek manner , was probably about the same size . Caesar attacked the Egyptians in the traditional Roman manner , under a shower of pila ( plural of the Roman spear , pilum ) . The pike - armed Egyptians were overwhelmed once the Romans used their shields and got past the pike ' s point , when they began laying about with their short swords ( gladii ) . The Roman legions destroyed an Egyptian fort , and after heavy fighting stormed Ptolemy ' s camp . Thousands fled , including Ptolemy , who reputedly drowned when his ship capsized . Egypt was now in the hands of Caesar , who placed Cleopatra on the throne with another of her brothers , Ptolemy XIV . He then uncharacteristically lingered in Egypt until April , enjoying a liaison with the youthful queen .
Cecil Vivian Usborne Vice - Admiral Cecil Vivian Usborne , CB , CMG ( 17 May 1880 – 31 January 1951 ) was a high - ranking officer in the British Royal Navy . He served as the Director of Naval Intelligence and later a Member of Parliament . Naval career . Usborne entered the navy as an Acting Sub - Lieutenant . He was confirmed in this rank in July 1899 , and promoted to Lieutenant in January 1900 . He was further promoted to Commander in July 1912 , and a Captain before 1918 . In April 1928 he was appointed a Naval Aide de Camp to the King and promoted to Rear - Admiral . Promotion to Vice - Admiral came in January 1933 . He was brought back into the Navy during the Second World War as Naval Adviser to the First Sea Lord to develop anti - U - boat weapons . As his assistant he employed Edward Terrell who had developed Plastic Armour . Usborne was also Captain of Tactical School , Portsmouth Honours . After service during the First World War , he was appointed a Commander of the Greek Order of the Redeemer by Alexander , King of the Hellenes in April 1918 , a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George ( CMG ) by King George V in June 1918 , and an Officer of the French Légion d ′ honneur in May 1919 . In June 1930 he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB )
Field Ration Eating Device The Field Ration Eating Device ( commonly abbreviated to " FRED " ) is a small device which is a combination of a can opener , a bottle opener and a spoon . It is issued to the Australian Defence Force in its CR1M ration packs . It is also known widely as the " Fucking ' Ridiculous Eating Device " . The can opener is very similar in design to the US military P - 38 can opener .
Wilson Combat Wilson Combat is a custom pistol manufacturer located in Berryville , Arkansas that specializes in customizing and manufacturing M1911 ` A1 s . First started under the name " Wilson ' s Gun Shop " in 1977 , Bill Wilson started his new gunsmith business in the back of the family jewelry store , “ Wilson ' s Jewelry ” on the corner of Berryville ' s public square . In 2000 the company bought " Scattergun Technologies " and markets combat shotguns under the name Wilson Combat Scattergun Technologies . History . Some of the first firearms Wilson modified for customers were the Colt 1911 - A1 , Smith & Wesson Model 10 revolver and Ruger Single Action Revolvers . Models like the PPC . 38 Special and the . 44 Magnum Hunter made Wilson ' s reputation for producing quality firearms . Wilson originally customized pistols with aftermarket parts from gunsmiths such as Armand Swensen and by 1983 began making his own parts . By 1996 , Wilson was building his own M1911 pistols completely in - house . Wilson ' s handguns have a quality guarantee of groups at . Military . Handguns from Wilson are used by special forces , including Delta Force and Navy SEALs .
English ship Lion ( 1557 ) Golden Lion ( also sometimes Red Lion ) was a ship of the English Royal Navy , launched in 1557 . She was rebuilt for the first time in 1582 . By the time of her second rebuild , in 1609 , she was known as Lion . She was rebuilt at Deptford as a Great ship of 38 guns . In 1640 she was rebuilt again , this time at Woolwich . She was rebuilt for a final time at Chatham in 1658 , as a 48 - gun third rate ship of the line . By 1677 " Lion " was mounting 60 guns . She was sold out of the navy in 1698 .
Arthur Graeme West Arthur Graeme West ( 1891 – 3 April 1917 ) was a British writer and war poet . West was born in Norfolk , educated at Blundell ' s School and Balliol College , Oxford and killed by a sniper in 1917 . Military service . West enlisted as a Private with the Public Schools Battalion in January 1915 . He joined from a feeling of duty and patriotism , but the war had a profound effect on him . An individualist who hated routine and distrusted discipline , he developed an intense abhorrence to army life and began to question the very core of his beliefs – in religion , patriotism and the reason for war . This growing disillusionment found expression in two particularly powerful war poems he wrote during this time : " God , How I Hate You " and " Night Patrol " which stand deservedly alongside those of Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen . In his diary he describes reading Bertrand Russell ' s writings on pacifism , which made a great impression on him . In August 1916 he became a second lieutenant in the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry . Shortly after , he wrote to his new battalion threatening to desert the army - but he could not bring himself to post the letter . Less than a year later , on 3 April 1917 , he was shot dead by a sniper ' s bullet near Bapaume . Writing . West is principally known for one book , " The Diary of a Dead Officer " ( 1919 ) , which presents a scathing picture of army life and is said to be one of the most vivid accounts of daily life in the trenches . The book was published posthumously and edited by C . E . M . Joad , an Oxford colleague of West ' s and an active pacifist ( and contemporary of West ’ s at Blundell ' s ) . The book gives voice to one officer ' s struggle to come to terms with the realities of war and is a poignant tribute to a lost generation of soldiers . It was reissued in 1991 by the Imperial War Museum and published again by Greenhill Books in 2007 with an introduction by Nigel Jones . The first edition of the book consisted of an introduction by Joad , extracts from West ’ s 1915 - 17 diary , and several essays and poems . Joad edited the book as pacifist propaganda and it was published jointly by the left - wing Herald newspaper and Sir Francis Meynell ’ s Pelican Press ( Meynell ’ s other publications had included Sassoon ’ s protest in 1917 ) . Jones ' edition does not include Joad ' s introduction .
Pindad SPR The Pindad SPR ( abbreviation from Indonesian : " Senapan Penembak Runduk " , Sniper Rifle ) is a sniper rifle produced by PT . Pindad , Indonesia . This gun allows the shooter to adjust the height of the position and stability by regulating the bipod of the rifle located on the bottom front of the handguard . The SPR is available in three variants . The SPR - 1 and SPR - 3 are chambered for the 7 . 62x51mm NATO cartridge while the SPR - 2 is chambered for the . 50 BMG cartridge . History . This rifle was created to answer the needs of the Indonesian military who would use a sniper rifle with a higher capacity and a more affordable price . than other sniper rifles like the Serbian Zastava M93 Black Arrow by Zastava Arms . Variants . SPR - 1 . The SPR - 1 is a single - shot sniper rifle chambered for the 7 . 62x51mm NATO cartridge . The rifle has a thumbhole stock made from laminated wood and a Harris bipod adjustable for height is provided . SPR - 2 . The SPR - 2 is a . 50 BMG Anti - materiel rifle which is fed from a 5 round box magazine . It is able to penetrate up to 2 centimeters of steel at 500 meters . It has a number of features from the Zastava M93 Black Arrow and the NTW - 20 SPR - 3 . The SPR - 3 is a magazine - fed variant of the SPR - 1 sniper rifle . It has an effective range of 700 meters .
Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge The Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge ( 3 October to 27 October 1918 ) occurred during World War I , northeast of Reims , in Champagne , France . In the battle , the U . S . Army ' s 2nd Infantry Division and the 36th Infantry Division opposed the German 200th and 213th Divisions , along with portions of six additional German divisions . The result of this battle was the expulsion of the Germany Army from the Champagne Region .
List of Wisconsin Civil War units The state of Wisconsin enrolled 91 , 327 men for service in the Union Army during the American Civil War , 77 , 375 in the infantry , 8 , 877 in the cavalry , and 5 , 075 in the artillery . Some 3 , 802 of these men were killed in action or mortally wounded , and 8 , 499 died from other causes ; the total mortality was thus 12 , 301 men .