naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
11 Manoevre Brigade ( The Netherlands ) The 11 Luchtmobiele Brigade ( Air Assault ) ' 7 December ' ( " 11 Luchtmobiele Brigade " , or " 11 LMB " ) is the rapid - reaction air assault unit of the Royal Netherlands Army . Its operators are trained to be deployed via helicopters ( using " fast - rope " and " rappelling " ) and fixed wing aircraft ( parachute ) , and can be deployed anywhere in the world within 7 to maximally 20 days . Combined with the helicopters of the Royal Netherlands Air Force , they form the " 11 Air Manoeuvre Brigade " ( 11 AMB ) . Function . The 11 LMB is a highly disciplined , light infantry , rapid reaction force . It is trained to operate in any climatological and geological conditions . The unit can be deployed within 7 days to 20 days ( depending on deployment size ) , anywhere in the world . Regarding the capabilities of the operators , the brigade is airborne qualified , thus 11 LMB operators wear the maroon beret . The 11 LMB operators can be deployed via helicopter ( " fast - rope " and " rappelling " ) and fixed - wing aircraft ( parachute ) . Initially being an air assault brigade ( via helicopters ) , a significant number of operators are additionally trained as paratrooper ( fixed - wing ) . The primary task of 11 LMB is to ensure the defence of the Netherlands . Its second primary task is to be deployed worldwide as an expeditionary peacekeeping and peace - enforcing force . It has seen action in Bosnia , Macedonia , Cyprus , Kosovo , Iraq and is now deployed in Afghanistan . Other than peace ( - keeping ) missions , the 11 LMB can also be deployed for humanitarian aid missions , evacuation , disaster relief and ( combat ) search and rescue . Air Manoeuvre Brigade . A very unique aspect in air assault infantry is the concept of an " Air Manoeuvre Brigade " , in which the roles of air assault troops and helicopters are interwoven . CH - 47D Chinook and Eurocopter Cougar MK2 transport helicopters of the Royal Netherlands Air Force provide strategic airlift for the 11 LMB operators , while forward reconnaissance is conducted by RNLAF AH - 64D Apache helicopters . They are the eyes in the sky for the air assault troops on the ground , and can engage as part of direct close air support . This unique combination is unseen in the rest of the world . The combined unit goes by the name of " 11 Air Manoeuvre Brigade " .
Admiral of France The title Admiral of France is one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France , the naval equivalent of Marshal of France . The title was created in 1270 by Louis IX of France , during the Eighth Crusade . At the time it was equivalent to the office of Constable of France . The Admiral was responsible for defending the coasts of Picardy , Normandy , Aunis , and Saintonge . In times of war , it was his responsibility to assemble French merchant ships into a navy . He had to arm , equip , and supply the ships for the course of the war , and give letters of marque to corsairs . In peacetime , he was responsible for the maintenance of the royal fleet ( when one existed ) . He was also responsible for maritime commerce and the merchant fleet . During the modern era , few admirals were sailors — moreover , with the exception of Claude d ' Annebault , none of them actually commanded the fleet . It must be said that the actual power of the admiral was rather small , partly because of the creation of other admirals ( the Admiral of the Levant for Provence , the Admiral of Brittany , and the Admiral of the West for Guyenne ) , and because of the creation of the General of the Galleys and the Secretary of State for the Navy . The title , like the title of Constable , had much more political importance ( which would eventually lead to the suppression of both titles ) . It was also a lucrative position : the admiral was allocated a part of the fines and confiscations imposed by the admiralty , and he had a right to unclaimed ships and shipwrecks as well as a tenth of the spoils taken in battle . He also had juridical rights , comparable to those exercised by the constable and the marshal . This was known as the " Table de marbre " , after the seat of the admiralty in Paris . A second headquarters of the admiralty was established at Rouen , and about 50 other headquarters were set up at various other places around the coast of France . These tribunals judged cases dealing with fishing disputes and any crimes committed in the country ' s ports . The Admiralty was suppressed in 1627 by Cardinal Richelieu , who had been named to the newly created post of Grand Master of Navigation and who wanted to bring all naval authority under one position . The position was recreated in 1669 , but was now only an honorific title . The first new admiral was Louis , Count of Vermandois , who at the time was only 2 years old . Thereafter , only Louis Alexandre , Count of Toulouse involved himself in maritime affairs . It was suppressed once more in 1791 , restored in 1805 in the person of Marshal of France Joachim Murat . Currently , the last known Admiral of France was François Thomas Tréhouart , in 1869 .
Talisman - class destroyer The " Talisman " class were a class of destroyer s that were being built for the Turkish Navy at the outbreak of World War I but were taken over in November 1914 and completed for the Royal Navy for wartime service . Originally to have been renamed " Napier " , " Narborough " , " Offa " and " Ogre " respectively , they were re - allocated " T " names in February 1915 . The " Talisman " s were a private design by Hawthorn Leslie and Company that were longer than but drew less than their Royal Navy contemporaries . Being large , they frequently acted as flotilla leader s . They were heavily armed for their time , shipping five single QF 4 inch ( 10 cm ) guns . An unusual departure from Royal Navy practice in the " Talisman " s , shared only with the ex - Chilean " Faulknor " s and the singleton " Swift " , was the shipping of two guns side by side on the forecastle . The other guns were carried one between the first and second funnels , one after the searchlight platform and one on a bandstand on the quarterdeck . All the guns had half - shields . The hull form was considered particularly successful and was adopted for the V and W class of 1917 , arguably the peak of destroyer development at the time .
Ray Holmes Raymond Towers " Ray " Holmes ( 20 August 1914 – 27 June 2005 ) was a British fighter pilot who was feted by the press as a war hero who saved Buckingham Palace from being severely damaged by German bombing during the Battle of Britain . Born in Liverpool , Holmes worked inially as a journalist before joining the RAFVR in 1937 . In June 1940 he joined No . 504 Squadron . On 15 September 1940 , Sergeant Holmes was flying a Hawker Hurricane fighter when he spotted a damaged Dornier Do17 bomber of KG 76 apparently making a bombing attempt on central London . Avoiding the bomber ' s return fire , Holmes made a head - on attack on the Dornier , however upon firing discovered his machine guns failed . Holmes decided to ram the bomber hoping his plane could withstand the impact and cut through it . He cut the tail off the bomber with his wing , causing the bomber to crash near Victoria tube station . His Hurricane was badly damaged , crashing near the grounds of Buckingham Palace . Holmes bailed out injured . When recovered , he became part of No 81 Squadron , and was sent to the Northern Front near Murmansk in Soviet Russia to help train the Russian air force in flying the Hawker Hurricane . Here he claimed a further kill ; a Bf 109 F . He was commissioned as a Pilot Officer on 10 June 1941 , promoted to Flying Officer on 10 June 1942 , and Flight Lieutenant on 10 June 1943 . Returning from Russia , Holmes served as an instructor with 2 FIS , Montrose , from 1942 until 1944 . He then flew PR Spitfires with 541 Squadron from February 1945 . After the war , he was a King ' s Messenger , personally delivering mail to Winston Churchill , and later a journalist . 65 years later , the wreckage of Holmes ' Hurricane was discovered and successfully excavated from the streets of London . The discovery was featured on the National Geographic Channel documentary , " " The Search for the Lost Fighter Plane " " . Ray Holmes died on 27 June 2005 , aged 90 , following a two - year battle with cancer .
Percy Gratwick Percival Eric ( Percy ) Gratwick VC ( 19 October 1902 – 26 October 1942 ) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Gratwick was born in Katanning , Western Australia on 19 October 1902 , the fifth son of the local postmaster . Leaving school at the age of 16 , he took up various jobs which included a period of time as a messenger at Parliament House . Later he worked as a blacksmith , a drover and a prospector . World War II . Upon the outbreak of World War II , Gratwick attempted to joined the Australian Imperial Force ( AIF ) . However , issues with his nose , which had been broken years earlier , led to the rejection of his application . In late 1940 , after expensive medical treatment on his nose , he attempted to enlist in the Australian Army again , this time successfully . Following completion of his training in July 1941 , Gratwick embarked for Libya , where he was assigned to the 2 / 48th Battalion ( a South Australian unit ) with the rank of private . The battalion was among the defenders of Tobruk but was transferred to Palestine in October 1941 . By June 1942 , the battalion was in Egypt . On the night of 25 / 26 October 1942 during the , Egypt , the platoon to which Gratwick belonged suffered considerable casualties , including the platoon commander and sergeant . Gratwick , realising the seriousness of the situation , charged a German machine - gun position by himself , and killed the crew with hand grenades . He also killed a mortar crew . Under heavy machine - gun fire Gratwick then charged a second post , using his rifle and bayonet . In inflicting further casualties he was killed by machine - gun fire , but his brave and determined action , for which he would be awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross , enabled his company to capture the final objective . Gratwick is buried in El Alamein Commonwealth cemetery , while his Victoria Cross is displayed at the Army Museum of Western Australia in Fremantle , Western Australia . In Port Hedland , Western Australia , Gratwick Street , the Gratwick Aquatic Centre and the town theatre and communituy hall are all named in his honour .
Battle of Coulmiers The Battle of Coulmiers was fought on November 9 , 1870 between French and Bavarian forces during the Franco - Prussian War , ending in French victory . The struggle . The Army of the Loire , under General D ' Aurelle de Paladines , surprised a Bavarian army under Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann - Rathsamhausen at the village of Coulmiers , west of Orléans . The French artillery detachment shelled the Bavarian camp with percussion - fused shells , causing panic in the camp and causing the Bavarian garrison to retreat in disorder during a direct bayonet charge by French infantry . Damaging the Bavarian forces into retreating away from the battlefield led to one of the very few French victories in the war . Aftermath . The news of Coulmiers was relayed to besieged Paris and caused great excitement in the city , prompting the Government of National Defense within the city to launch " the Great Sortie " against the Prussian siege lines around the city . At the same time , the Army of the Loire stopped its march towards Paris , conforming to the wishes of General D ' Aurelle , who argued that his raw , badly - supplied men needed time to rest . Despite an urging Léon Gambetta , Aurelles locks himself into Orleans . Coulmiers ' s victory would not be exploited and reinforced German troops would eventually retake Orleans .
Sage Type 3 The Sage Type 3 ( also known as the Sage N3 School ) was a prototype British biplane training aircraft of the First World War . It was unsuccessful , only two examples being built . Development and design . In 1916 , the British Admiralty placed a contract with Frederick Sage & Co , a Peterborough based woodworking company which had become an aircraft contractor for the Royal Navy , to design and build a primary trainer for the Royal Naval Air Service . It was required to be robust , with a low landing speed and good visibility . The resultant design , the Sage Type 3 , was a two - bay tractor biplane powered by a Rolls - Royce Hawk engine . In order to prevent the aircraft overturning during landing , it was fitted with an additional pair of wheels ahead of the mainwheels . The first prototype Type 3 flew on 5 January 1917 . It proved to be slow , even for a trainer , and was modified with smaller tail surfaces and reduced weight , becoming the Type 3b ( with the original design retrospectively designated Type 3a ) , which slightly improved performance . However , after a second aircraft was built , the contract was cancelled , and the remaining aircraft of the contract for 30 Type 3s were unbuilt . The type did form the basis for the Sage Type 4 floatplane , which was ordered into production but cancelled due to the end of the war .
Donald Hodge ( veteran ) Donald Arthur Hodge ( 1894 – 1997 ) was one of the last surviving veteran s of the First World War . Hodge was born in Kent , England , and was educated at The Judd School in Tonbridge , where he has a house named in his honour . Following the outbreak of war , Hodge – like many others – enlisted in the armed forces with the illusion of being part of a glorious battle . " " I was in a crowd of other 18 , 19 , 20 - year old boys and we thought it was going to be a tremendous lot to go and knock the Kaiser off his throne . " " Hodge survived the war , but with great regret – stating " " " I lost all my youth , the best years of my life you might say and I lost so many friends . A few medals don ' t make up for that . Nobody wins in a war , they lost but we didn ' t win . " " In 1995 , after passing 100 years old , Hodge was one of the veterans to appear in " Age of Hope " – the first part of the Emmy Award - winning BBC / PBS series " People ' s Century " – where he recounted his experiences of the war . He also appeared in the second part of ABC ' s 1999 series " " , in a segment entitled " Shell Shock – The Great War " . He was President of the British First World War Veterans ’ Association .
HMS Thrasher ( 1895 ) HMS " Thrasher " was a B - class torpedo boat destroyer of the British Royal Navy . She was completed by Laird , Son & Company , Birkenhead , in 1895 . One of four " Quail " - class destroyers , she served in the Great War and was sold off after hostilities ended .
USS Patrol ( 1917 ) " Note : This ship should not be confused with numerous other United States Navy patrol boats that served at the same time named USS " Patrol No . 1 " through " No . 11 . USS " Patrol " was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1918 to 1919 . Construction . " Patrol " was a wooden - hulled vessel built for the United States Coast Guard at City Island , New York . She was commissioned as the Coast Guard cutter USCGC " Patrol " on 24 April 1917 . She served in New York Harbor . Service history . United States Navy . The U . S . Navy purchased " Patrol " from the Coast Guard on 11 April 1918 and soon commissioned her for service in World War I as the patrol boat USS " Patrol " with Quartermaster Frederick T . Ford , USNRF , in command . In Navy service " Patrol " remained at New York City , operating in the section patrol under the control of the 3rd Naval District for the remainder of World War I . She was returned to the Coast Guard on 28 August 1919 . United States Coast Guard . Once again in Coast Guard commission as USCGC " Patrol , she remained at New York City until 1923 , when she was transferred to Washington , D . C . . She returned to New York in the 1930s , was renamed USCGC AB - 38 " in 1938 , and was decommissioned in 1940 .
Battle of Oriola ( 1521 ) The Battle of Oriola was an armed conflict fought between the troops of the Germanías ( artisan guilds ) and those of Pedro Fajardo y Chacón , Marqués de los Vélez , on 30 August 1521 in Oriola ( Orihuela ) , in the Kingdom of Valencia ( now in Spain ) . The events were marked by strong internal disputes amongst the Agermanados ( members of the Germanías ) ( moderates against radicals ) , which caused a significant decline in their forces , just over a month after the Battle of Gandia . The defeat of the Germanias was crucial to the Revolt of the Brotherhoods . It killed more than 2 , 000 men and was accompanied by a major crackdown , with the execution of forty Agermanado . As a result the southern Kingdom of Valencia , from Alicante to Onteniente , fell into royalist hands
Thomas Tyldesley Sir Thomas Tyldesley ( 1612 – 25 August 1651 ) was a supporter of Charles I and a Royalist commander during the English Civil War . Thomas Tyldesley was born on 3 September 1612 at Woodplumpton , the eldest of the six children of Edward Tyldesley ( 1582 – 1621 ) of Morleys Hall , Astley , in the parish of Leigh and his wife Elizabeth Preston of Holker Hall . He entered Gray ' s Inn intending to follow a career of law . Later he became a professional soldier and served in the Thirty Years ' War in Germany . He married Frances , elder daughter of Ralph Standish in 1634 and they had three sons and seven daughters . His family were recusant s and his grandmother arranged a pension for priest , Benedictine martyr Ambrose Barlow so that he could secretly carry out priestly duties , offering masses in secret in the homes of Catholics in the Leigh parish . Barlow was arrested at Morleys Hall during such a service . His aunt , Elizabeth Tyldesley , was abbess of the Poor Clares at Gravelines in the Spanish Netherlands from 1610 to 1654 . Thomas Tyldesley was extremely wealthy according to the lay subsidy rolls . His annual landed income , mostly from tithes purchased from the Urmstons of Westleigh , was £2050 in 1641 . Tyldesley served King Charles I as Lieutenant Colonel at the Battle of Edgehill , after raising Regiments of Horse , Foot and Dragoons , and at the desperate storming of Burton - on - Trent over a bridge of 36 arches , received the honour of Knighthood . Afterwards he served in all three of the Civil Wars as a commander of some importance . He was present with Prince Rupert of the Rhine at the Bolton Massacre in 1644 . He was Governor of Lichfield and followed the fortune of the Crown through the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and never surrendered to the Parliamentarians . He was killed in action on 25 August 1651 commanding as Major General under the Earl of Derby during the Battle of Wigan Lane . He was buried at his family chapel at Leigh Parish Church .
7 . 63x25mm Mauser The 7 . 63x25 Mauser , was a cartridge created in 1896 based on the 7 . 65x25mm Borchardt to be used in the Mauser C96 pistol . Descrption . The cartridge 7 . 63 x 25 mm Mauser ( . 30 Mauser ) was the original ammunition gun Mauser C96 . The base of the cartridge this was the 7 . 65x25mm Borchardt in 1893 , the only successful automatic pistol cartridge at the time . The 7 . 63 mm Mauser is sometimes confused with the 9x19 Parabellum ( . 30 Luger ) , another bottlenecked pistol cartridge . The 7 . 63 mm Mauser cartridge was the basis of 7 . 62 x25mm Tokarev adopted by the Soviet Union . Although the dimensions of the two cartridges are almost identical , 7 . 62 Tokarev has a more powerful powder charge , and is not suitable for use in C - 96 pistols and other weapons chambered for the cartridge . However , the 7 . 63 mm Mauser can be used in weapons chambered for the 7 . 62 mm Tokarev . Weapons chambered for 7 . 63 mm Mauser cartridge include the Mauser C96 and variants and copies , the Astra Model 900 and pre - WWII submachine guns as the Bergman M20 exported to China and Japan , the GIS MKMO , and the MP - 34 ( for export , most are manufactured in 9x19mm Parabellum ) During the Winter War and Continuation War between Finland and the Soviet Union , the cartridge was produced by the Finnish and German forces to use captured Soviet submachine guns , as this round could replace the 7 . 62x25mm cartridge in these weapons . According to military archives of Finland , the Finnish army ordered a million of 7 . 63 Mauser cartridges to the FN for this purpose . The 7 . 63 mm Mauser is currently produced by companies Munizioni Fiocchi , Sellier & Bellot and Prvi Partizan .
Adalbert von Blanc Adalbert Pierre Louis Karl Erich Johann von Blanc ( 11 July 1907 – 7 November 1976 ) was a " Fregattenkapitän " with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and later a " Flottillenadmiral " in the Bundesmarine . During World War II he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and served as 1st Officer on the German auxiliary cruiser " Orion " . Blanc joined the British controlled German Mine Sweeping Administration on 15 August 1945 . Blanc held command of the 1 . Minenräum - Division ( 1st mine sweeping division ) in Kiel . When the administration was disbanded on 31 December 1947 , Blanc transferred to the follow organization called " Minenräumverband Cuxhaven " and became its chief . The student Georg von Hatzfeld from Heidelberg together with his fellow student René Ledesdorff had occupied the isle of Helgoland on 18 December 1950 . The two were joined by Prince Hubertus zu Loewenstein - Wertheim - Freudenberg on 29 December 1950 . The number of occupants had grown to 13 when Blanc was ordered by the British authorities to send two boats for the evacuation of Helgoland . Blanc refused to obey the order , even when he came under severe pressure and suspended from his command post . A legal proceeding against Blanc was initiated on 3 January 1951 . The British court ruled that the order was not among his contractual obligations and he was re - instituted in his position as chief of the " Minenräumverband Cuxhaven " .
PM M71 Floating Bridge PM M71 is a mobile pontoon bridge license by Yugoslavia from Soviet designed PMP Floating Bridge . It ' s similar to the Soviet , beside using Yugoslav made trucks and boats , and the pontoons are filled with Polyurethane foam , so when hit , it won ' t sink . The process of deployment is same as for Soviet PMP . The older version of PM M71 had a FAP 2220 BDS truck , while newer uses FAP 2026 BDS / A and FAP 2026 BS / AVG . The PM M71 includes : The complete set of PM M71 equipment is used to construct 20 ton and 60 ton carrying capacity bridges and 20 ton up to 180 ton carrying capacity ferries . PM M71 was primary designed and used by Yugoslav People ' s Army , and today by Croatian Army and River Flotilla of Serbian Armed Forces two pontoon battalions .