naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Quintus Fulvius Nobilior Quintus Fulvius Nobilior was a Roman consul who obtained the consulship in 153 BC . His father Marcus Fulvius Nobilior and his brother Marcus Fulvius Nobilior ( consul 159 BC ) were also consuls . Nobilior and his father were patrons of the writer Quintus Ennius . Quintus Fulvius Nobilior was in charge of a major military campaign in Spain , which was largely unsuccessful . The Roman army was initially deployed against the " oppidum " of Segeda , whose Celtiberian inhabitants , the Belli , had been strengthening the walls . Segeda was destroyed , but the Belli assembled an army which ambushed the Roman army inflicting heavy losses . Moving west to the meseta , Nobilior laid siege to Numantia , an oppidum whose inhabitants were to give Rome trouble for years . The Roman army faced difficult conditions in the winter and had to withdraw . Nobilior was replaced as consul in 152 BC by Marcus Claudius Marcellus . He was censor with Appius Claudius Pulcher , probably in 136 BC .
Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel Graf Tauentzien von Wittenberg ( 15 September 1760 – 20 February 1824 ) was a Prussian general of the Napoleonic Wars . Tauentzien was born in Potsdam in the Margraviate of Brandenburg as the son of Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien . He married Elisabeth von Amstedt , with whom he had one son and one daughter . The branch of the von Tauentzien family with the title of count ended with the 1854 death of Tauentzien ' s son , Heinrich Bogislav . Tauentzien entered the Prussian Army in 1775 and was granted the title of Graf ( count ) on 5 August 1791 . He became a royal aide - de - camp in 1793 ; he was entrusted with many diplomatic missions until 1813 . Tauentzien participated in the campaign of 1793 and was successively promoted to Oberst in 1795 and Generalmajor in 1801 . He commanded an observation corps of Friedrich Ludwig zu Hohenlohe - Ingelfingen until the Saalburg in 1806 . Shortly before the Battle of Saalfeld , a French corps under Marshal Bernadotte defeated Tauentzien ' s detachment of 9 , 000 men at Schleiz . Tauentzien capably organized the retreat to Mittel - Pöllnitz so his troops could rejoin the main Prussian army . At Jena , Tauentzien led the vanguard of the Hohenlohe Corps . Scores of Prussian generals were dismissed after the defeat of Prussia in 1806 - 07 , although Tauentzien was not . As Generalleutnant , he commanded the Brandenburg Brigade after the Treaties of Tilsit and participated in the reorganization of the defeated Prussian army . In 1813 Tauentzien was named Military Governor between the Oder and the Vistula Rivers , and he succeeded in the siege of Stettin . As General der Infanterie , he commanded the IV . Armeekorps , which consisted mostly of Landwehr , and participated in the battles of Großbeeren on 23 August and Dennewitz on 6 September . In October his troops left the relative safety of Dessau and crossed the Elbe . After the Battle of Leipzig , Tauentzien accepted the capitulation of Torgau on 26 December 1813 . Generalleutnant Leopold Wilhelm von Dobschütz led the capture of Wittenberg on the night of 13 – 14 January 1814 , but acclaim for the victory went to his superior , Tauentzien , who was granted the honorary title " von Wittenberg " , a coat of arms , and , on 26 January , the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross . A street in Wittenberg was named Tauentzienstraße , but is now known as Dobschützstraße . On 24 May , Tauentzien recovered Magdeburg . Tauentzien commanded the VI . Armeekorps during the Hundred Days of Napoleon Bonaparte . The Battle of Waterloo had already occurred by the time his troops reached France . After the end of the war , he commanded the III . Armeekorps . Tauentzien died as Commander of Berlin . Tauentzienstraße in Berlin is named in his honor .
Battle of Knock Mary The Battle of Knockmary ( or Battle of Rottenreoch ) was a Scottish clan battle fought in 1511 ( or 1490 ) between the Clan Murray against the Clan Drummond and Clan Campbell , north of Crieff , Scotland . Background . In 1511 ( some sources say 1490 ) Murray of Auchtertyre stole cattle from Drummond of Strathearn , the purpose of this was to pay a debt demanded by the Abbot of Inchaffray . In revenge for this William Drummond , the son of the 1st Lord Drummond attacked the Murrays . The battle . The clans met initially at Knock Mary , a hill on the south bank of the River Earn between the river and Drummond Castle . At first the Murrays were winning , but the battle was turned by the arrival of Campbells from Dunstaffnage under Duncan Campbell , McRobbies from Balloch and Faichneys from Argyllshire . Campbell had come to Strathearn to avenge the Murrays ' recent murder of his two brothers - in - law and father - in - law , Drummond of Menie . Traditionally the dead from this battle were believed to be buried in the cairn of Rottenreoch , just north of Knock Mary ( , but this appears to be a Neolithic long cairn . Having fled the battlefield , the Murrays crossed the River Earn and took refuge in the Kirk of Monzievaird , about a mile north of the river . Drummond was happy to let them go , but as Campbell returned home , an arrow fired from the church killed one of his men . In revenge the church was burned to the ground , killing those inside . Reports on casualties vary between 120 and 160 Murrays . This became known as the Massacre of Monzievaird . Aftermath . William Drummond was arrested and despite his protests that the Drummonds had nothing to do with the fire , he was executed at Stirling along with many of his friends .
Hugh Scarlett , 7th Baron Abinger Lieutenant - Colonel Hugh Richard Scarlett , 7th Baron Abinger DSO ( 1878 – 1943 ) was a British peer . Scarlett was the son of Lieutenant - Colonel Leopold James Yorke Campbell Scarlett . He was a Lieutenant - Colonel in the Royal Artillery , and he fought in the Boer War in South Africa from 1900 - 1902 . He served in World War I from 1914 – 1918 and was awarded the DSO . Lord Abinger married Marjorie Ursula MacPhillany in 1913 , and they had at least one son , James , who succeeded to the title upon his father ' s death .
USS Carlisle ( APA - 69 ) USS " Carlisle " ( APA - 69 ) was a " Gilliam " - class attack transport that served with the US Navy during World War II . Arriving late in the war , she was initially assigned to transport missions and consequently did not participate in any combat operations . " Carlisle " was named after a county in Kentucky . She was launched 30 July 1944 by Consolidated Steel at San Pedro , California , under a Maritime Commission contract ; acquired by the Navy 28 November 1944 and commissioned the next day , Commander H . R . Adams in command . Operational history . World War II . " Carlisle " cleared San Diego 23 January 1945 , carrying sailors , marines , and general cargo to Pearl Harbor . She returned to San Francisco 11 February , and after repairs , sailed to San Diego to load passengers and cargo for Pearl Harbor . Between 2 April and 5 June , she had duty training and transporting Marine units among the islands of the Hawaiian group . After hostilities . " Carlisle " made three voyages to the west coast from Hawaii and Japan , and shorter passages among South Pacific islands , redeploying servicemen until 4 February 1946 . Operation Crossroads . " Carlisle " was then assigned as a target vessel for Operation Crossroads , the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll , and was sunk in one of those tests on 1 July 1946 . Decorations . None .
U - 101 - class submarine The " U - 101 " class was a class of nine submarine s or U - boats planned for the Austro - Hungarian Navy ( ) during World War I . The class was based on the Type 1916 S 1 design from Ungarische Unterseebotsbau AG . The first three boats were laid down in late 1917 and early 1918 by Austriawerft in Trieste , but none were launched or completed before the end of the war . None of the other six submarines was ever laid down . Design . Austria - Hungary ' s U - boat fleet was largely obsolete at the outbreak of World War I , and over the first two years of the war the Austro - Hungarian Navy focused its efforts on building a U - boat fleet for local defense within the Adriatic . Beginning in 1916 , the Navy began building larger , ocean - going vessels for operation in the wider Mediterranean , outside the Adriatic . With six of the larger submarines under construction , the Navy considered either building German Type UB III submarine s under license or implementing the Type 1916 S 1 design submitted by Ungarische Unterseebotsbau AG ( ) of Fiume . The " U - 101 " class was based on the design , which called for a boat that displaced surfaced and submerged . The boats were to be long with a beam of and a draft of . For propulsion , the design featured two shafts , with twin diesel engines of ( total ) for surface running at up to , and twin electric motors of ( total ) for submerged travel at up to . The " U - 101 " class boats were designed for a crew of 26 men . The " U - 101 " design called for five torpedo tubes — four bow tubes and one stern tube — and a complement of nine torpedoes . The original design specified a single 10 cm / 35 ( 3 . 9 in ) deck gun supplemented with an machine gun . Construction . The Austro - Hungarian Navy authorized a total of nine " U - 101 " - class submarines , six numbered sequentially from " U - 101 " to " U - 106 " , and another three , " U - 118 " to " U - 120 " . Upon completion of the first six " U - 101 " boats , the Navy intended to scrap its oldest six boats , " U - 1 " to " U - 6 " , and drop the first two digits from the new boats so that , for example , " U - 101 " would become the new " U - 1 " . In late 1917 and early 1918 the first three boats , " U - 101 " to " U - 103 " , were laid down by Austriawerft at Trieste . The boats were begun late in the war when shortages of skilled shipyard workers and materials were slowing construction of other boats under construction . As a result , none of the first three boats was ever launched , much less completed , and the rest were cancelled before any were laid down . " U - 101 " was 47 % complete at war ' s end , while " U - 102 " and " U - 103 " were only 30 % and 10 % complete , respectively . Although there is no specific mention of the fates of the three incomplete boats of the " U - 101 " class , incomplete boats from other late - war classes were scrapped in 1919 and 1920 .
No . 111 Air - Sea Rescue Flight RAAF No . 111 Air - Sea Rescue Flight was a Royal Australian Air Force unit of World War II . It was formed at Madang in New Guinea on 13 December 1944 and was equipped with Consolidated Catalina s . The flight ' s role was to carry out search and rescue operations and provide air - sea rescue support to other aircraft during attacks on Japanese targets . The flight ' s aircraft also conducted offensive operations and dropped supplies on behalf of the Australian New Guinea Administrative Unit . Following the end of the war the Flight moved to Port Moresby on 18 March 1946 and was disbanded there on 24 January 1947 .
Evangelos Natsis Evangelos Natsis Georgiou ( ; Bulgarian and Macedonian Вангел Георгиев ) born 1876 in Srempeno ( Σρέμπενο ) or Srebreno ( Сребрено ) , Ottoman Empire , now Asprogeia , Florina regional unit ; died May 12 , 1904 . He is also known as Strempeniotis or Capetan Vangelis . In 1897 , he volunteered for military service in the Greco - Turkish War ( 1897 ) . In 1904 , he was one of the first who began the Macedonian Struggle . He co - operated with Germanos Karavangelis , who brought him in contact with volunteers who had just arrived from Crete . He organized his own troop and inflicted many losses on the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization ( IMRO ) , most importantly the extermination of Voivod Kirchev . On 12 May 1904 , returning from Bitola , where he had faced IMRO troops , he was killed in an ambush at Aetos , now Florina regional unit .
Treaty of Belgrade The Treaty of Belgrade ( , ) was the peace treaty signed on September 18 , 1739 in Belgrade , Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia ( today Republic of Serbia ) , by the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg Monarchy on the other . This treaty ended the hostilities of the two - year Austro - Turkish War , 1737 - 1739 , in which the Habsburgs joined Imperial Russia in its fight against the Ottomans . With the Treaty of Belgrade , the Habsburgs ceded the Kingdom of Serbia with Belgrade , the southern part of the Banat of Temeswar and northern Bosnia to the Ottomans , and Oltenia , gained by the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718 , to Wallachia ( an Ottoman subject ) , and set the demarcation line to the rivers Sava and Danube . The Habsburg withdrawal forced Russia to accept peace at the Russo - Turkish War , 1735 - 1739 with the Treaty of Niš , whereby it was allowed to build a port at Azov , gaining a foothold on the Black Sea . The Treaty of Belgrade effectively ended the Kingdom of Serbia which had existed since 1718 . This territory would await the next Habsburg - Ottoman war to be temporarily again included into the Habsburg Monarchy in 1788 with the help of Koča Anđelković .
USNS Bull Run ( T - AO - 156 ) The SS Bull Run was a type T2 tanker built at Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Co . in Chester , PA as hull number 287 and USMC number 362 in 1943 . In 1956 , the ship was acquired by the US Navy from the Maritime Administration , assigned to MSTS , and placed in - service as the USNS Bull Run ( T - AO - 156 ) . It left the navy in 1957 , going back to the Maritime Administration . In 1969 , the stern of the Bull Run was attached to the bow of the Type C4 ship the Anchorage , and the completed ship then retained the name Anchorage . The bow of the Bull Run was then scrapped .
Château de Fourquevaux The Château de Fourquevaux was originally a 15th - century castle in the " commune " of Fourquevaux in the Haute - Garonne " département " of France . It was modified in the 16th century . An orangery was added in the last quarter of the 18th century . Privately owned , it has been listed since 1979 as a " monument historique " by the French Ministry of Culture .
Rhombus formation A rhombus is a cavalry formation in which troops are arrayed to form a rhombus - shaped body . The Rhombus in antiquity . Cavalry in rhombus formation has superior maneuverability , being able to rapidly change its direction by alternating leaders posted at its four points . It is the customary formation of the famed Thessalian cavalry and according to Arrian , it was invented by the Thessalian Iason ( Jason ) . Aelian argues that its origins are even more ancient and gives as its inventor the Thessalian Ilon , from whom , he adds , the word " ile " ( Greek for cavalry squadron ) derives . Asclepiodotus also praises the formation ' s maneuverability . According to Asclepiodotus , the Thessalians placed their best men on the sides and the very best of these at the angles . The man at the fore angle was called an ilarches ( ) , the one at the rear angle an ouragos ( ) and those on the right and left angles plagiofylakes ( ) . There are two ways to form a rhombus , one is by rank and the other by file . The first is formed with each subsequent rank containing one more trooper up to the middle rank , one less from then on . Thus , the first rank is occupied by the ilarches , the second by two men , the third by three and so on . In this type of rhombus , there are no files , as each subsequent rank is arrayed with its men in the intervals between the men in front . The rhombus by file is formed with each subsequent rank containing two more troopers , so the men are posted in files , the first rank being occupied by the ilarches , the second by three men , the third by five and so on .
4th Maryland Regiment The 4th Maryland Regiment was organized on 27 March 1776 with eight companies from Baltimore , Anne Arundel and Somerset counties in the colony of Maryland . It was authorized on 16 September 1776 for service with the Continental Army and assigned to the main on 27 December 1776 . It was assigned to the 2d Maryland Brigade on 22 May 1777 . The regiment was re - organized to nine companies on 12 May 1779 . On 5 April 1780 the 2d Maryland Brigade was re - assigned to the Southern Department . On 1 January 1781 the regiment was relieved from the 2d Maryland Brigade . On 24 September 1781 the regiment was assigned to Gist ' s Brigade in the main Continental Army . Three days later , ( 27 September 1781 ) Gist ' s Brigade was re - assigned to the Southern Department . On 4 January 1782 the regiment was re - assigned to the Maryland Brigade in the Southern Department . The regiment would see action during the Battle of Brandywine , Battle of Germantown , Battle of Monmouth , Battle of Camden , Battle of Guilford Court House and the Battle of Yorktown . the regiment was disbanded on 1 January 1783 at Charleston , South Carolina .
James Jewett Carnes James Jewett Carnes ( November 16 , 1899 – July 19 , 1986 ) was an American military leader . He served as Governor of the Free Territory of Trieste in 1947 . Carnes was born in Royalton , Minnesota . He graduated from West Point in 1923 and joined the United States Army . He died in Broward County , Florida .
Lowell Ordnance Plant The Lowell Ordnance Plant was a small arms plant located in Lowell , Massachusetts that operated under contract from the Remington Arms Company between 1942 and 1943 . It mostly produced . 50 caliber machinegun ammo . A small run of . 30 caliber machinegun ammo was also manufactured for less than a year .
George Munger ( soldier ) George Munger , Corporal , 4th Michigan Cavalry Company L . is credited with having recognized and helped to capture Jefferson Davis . Although Private Andrew Bee of Martin , Michigan also claimed to be the first to recognize Davis , the official report submitted by General James H . Wilson , Commander of the Cavalry Corps , Department of the Mississippi , credited Allegan , Michigan native George Munger with blocking Davis ’ escape after others alerted him , allowing Lieutenant - Colonel B D Pritchard ' s regiment to capture Davis and end his hopes of re - establishing the Confederate Government in the Trans - Mississippi .
Élysée Accords The Elysée Accords were an agreement made in 1949 by ex - emperor Bảo Đại which gave Vietnam greater independence from France . The agreement was intended to increase U . S . support for France ’ s actions in Indochina as well as to convince Bảo Đại that France would give Vietnam greater independence . The accords stated that Vietnam could conduct its own foreign affairs , control its finances and have an army ; although , the agreements fell short of granting complete independence . The agreements led to the U . S . moving from a position of neutrality to supporting Bảo Đại . The French portrayed their actions in Indochina as fighting the communism of Hồ Chí Minh while attempting to regain control of their colonies after World War II .
Smart mine Smart mine refers to a number of next - generation land mine designs being developed by military forces around the world . These include mines designed to self - destruct or self - deactivate at the end of a conflict , and mines designed to re - deploy themselves if its neighbors detonate or are removed . The development of smart mines began as a response to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines as a way of reducing non - combatant and civilian injury . Critics claim that new technology is unreliable , and that the perception of a " safe mine " will lead to increased deployment of land mines in future conflicts . Current guidelines allow for a 10 % failure rate , leaving a significant number of mines to pose a threat . Additionally , in the case of self - destructing mines , civilians still are at risk of injury when the mine self - destructs and are denied access to land which has been mined . As mines are inherently non - discriminate weapons even smart mines may injure civilians during a time of war . Many critics believe this to be unacceptable under international law . The human security paradigm is outspoken on the issue of the reduction in the use of land mines due to the extremely individual nature of their impact - a facet that is ignored by traditional security concerns which focus on military and state level security issues .
New Virginia Colony The New Virginia Colony was a colonization plan in central Mexico , to resettle ex - Confederates and any other immigrants from any nation . and other Americans after the American Civil War . The largest settlement was Carlota , approximately midway between Mexico City and Veracruz , although other settlements were planned near Tampico , Monterrey , Cuernavaca , and Chihuahua . The venture was conceived by Commodore Matthew Fontaine Maury . Because of his work for the Confederate Secret Service , Maury was unable to return home to Virginia . Maury , as an internationally famous oceanographer , and navy man was a long - time friend of Maximilian and had been awarded a Medal by Maximilian before the civil war . Maximilian had also been head of the Austrian navy and awarded Maury the medal for his work in oceanography . Maximilian liked Maury and his idea of inviting Confederates and anyone else to resettle in Mexico , and offered land grants to any who would come and stay . Slavery had not been allowed in Mexico before Maximilian arrived and still was not allowed so no settler could bring in any slaves into Mexico . The new Emperor was also eagerly seeking settlers from Germany , Austria , and France , as part of his strategy to rebuild and Europeanize Mexico . Maury explained a network of planned settlements to Maximilian who liked what was suggested . These were to be primarily in the agricultural regions surrounding Mexico City , but also in the northern areas around Monterrey and Chihuahua . American " colonization agents " were appointed to districts , and Maury began to prepare surveys for the proposed colonies . One of Maury ' s colleagues was explorer and archeologist William Marshall Anderson , whose brother , U . S . Brevet Major General Robert Anderson , commanded the Union soldiers at Fort Sumter . Two others had worked under Maury when he was the superintendent of the U . S . Naval Observatory . His eldest son , Col . Richard Launcelot Maury , had also emigrated to Mexico . Maury had plans for his entire family to eventually move there to a colony . Virginia was war - torn , " go back ? - - to what ! " declared Maury . Confederate Generals such as Fighting Joe Shelby , John B . Magruder , Sterling Price , and Alexander W . Terrell made their way down to Mexico after the war . Throughout this period , Maximilian ' s regime was under attack by the Indian and mestizo leaders Benito Juárez and Porfirio Díaz . From 1865 onward , Juárez and Díaz were covertly supplied from a US Army depot in El Paso , Texas . In 1866 Napoleon III withdrew the French troops that had been supporting Maximilian , and many of the New Virginia colonists soon followed or were killed by bandits or anti - Maximilian partisans . Maximilian was shot in 1867 , and the New Virginia Colony settlements mostly vanished . The peak population of these settlements is not known , but seems to have been no more than a few thousand .
Ouvrage Champ de Tir Ouvrage Champ de Tir , also known as Champ de Tir de l ' Agaisen ( Agaisen firing range ) is a lesser work ( " petit ouvrage " ) of the Maginot Line ' s Alpine extension , the Alpine Line . It is located at an altitude of , less than 1 kilometer to the northwest of Ouvrage l ' Agaisen . The ouvrage consists of two entry blocks and one infantry block , sited to control the valley of the Nieya and to observe for l ' Agaisen . Description . The " ouvrage " is closed to the public .