naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Shelby ' s Raid ( 1863 ) Shelby ' s Great Raid was an 1863 Confederate cavalry raid through the Trans - Mississippi Theater in the American Civil War . Colonel Joseph Shelby fought numerous skirmishes and caused great disruption in Missouri before withdrawing back to Arkansas . This raid cemented Shelby ' s reputation as a cavalry commander and revealed that Missouri was still vulnerable to cavalry raids late in the war . The raid . Shelby ' s raiders departed Arkadelphia , Arkansas , on September 22 , 1863 , and the raid did not conclude until October 26 , 1863 . Using 800 men , twelve ammunition wagons , and two pieces of Artillery , the raid would be a success . In his words , he claimed that he had in the thirty days killed and wounded six hundred Federals ; he had taken and paroled as many more ; he had captured and destroyed ten forts , about eight - hundred - thousand dollars ' worth of property and he had captured six - hundred rifles , forty stand of colors , three - hundred wagons , six - thousand horses and mules , and destroyed a million dollars ' worth of supplies . The toll for Shelby would be fierce with one in six of his men not returning with him . The " Battle of Marshall " and withdrawal . As Union militia were finally beginning to concentrate , a vigorous engagement at Marshall , Missouri , on October 13 prompted Shelby to divide his forces and withdraw from the state . Results . Jo Shelby was promoted to brigadier general in the Confederate Army as a result of this successful raid . Shelby claimed to have traveled 1 , 500 miles , inflicted 600 casualties , and captured or destroyed $ 1 million worth of goods during the raid .
Annual Fitness Test In the British Army , the Annual Fitness Test is designed to assess soldiers ' lower and upper body strength and endurance . The test involves a fast paced march at 15 minutes per mile ( brisk walking pace ) , in full combat gear including the SA80 personal weapon , across rough terrain and roads . The distance covered and the exact weight of the equipment carried depends upon the type of unit , but is usually 6 or 8 miles and 15 kg to 25 kg dependent on service or arm . Typically , British Army Infantry units will carry the most weight ( 25 kg ) . Combat Support Arms ( Royal Engineers , Royal Corps of Signals , Intelligence Corps and Royal Artillery ) carry a lower amount of weight ( 20 kg ) . Combat Service Support Arms such as the Army Medical Services , Royal Logistic Corps , Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers and Adjutant General ' s Corps carry the lowest ( 15 kg ) . Female soldiers carry the same weight as their male counterparts , determined by their cap badge .
USS Crag ( AM - 214 ) USS " Crag " ( AM - 214 ) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II . She was originally ordered , laid down , and launched as USS " Craig " ( AM - 214 ) , but was renamed " Crag " in August 1944 . She was awarded one battle star for service in the Pacific sweeping mines after the end of World War II . She was decommissioned in March 1948 and placed in reserve . While she remained in reserve , " Crag " was reclassified as MSF - 214 in February 1955 but never reactivated . In 1962 , she was sold to the Mexican Navy and renamed ARM " DM - 15 " . Her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary source s . U . S . Navy career . Initially named " Craig " , the ship was launched on 21 March 1943 by sponsor Mrs . Q . Abercrombie - St . John at Tampa Shipbuilding Co . , Inc . , of Tampa , Florida . The spelling of the ship ' s name was changed to " Crag " on 3 August 1944 . She was completed at the Charleston Navy Yard and commissioned on 1 August 1945 , with Lieutenant G . W . Jarden , USNR , in command . " Crag " served with the Naval Mine Warfare Test Station , Solomons Island , Maryland , until 17 December 1945 when she sailed upriver to Washington , D . C . , for leave and upkeep . On 4 January 1946 she sailed for the west coast arriving at San Pedro , California , 3 February . She remained there until 21 March when she sailed to Hong Kong , calling at Pearl Harbor , Eniwetok , and Guam on her outward bound passage . She swept mines in the East Hainan Straits until 16 June when she cleared Hong Kong , returning to San Francisco , California , 14 August . Reassigned to the Atlantic Fleet , " Crag " sailed from San Francisco , California , 4 October 1946 and arrived at Charleston , South Carolina , 3 November for overhaul . From 9 February 1947 to 26 May she served at the U . S . Navy Mine Countermeasures Station at Panama City , Florida , and after overhaul , joined in exercises in Chesapeake Bay from 13 October to 28 November . On 2 December she sailed from Charleston and visited New Orleans , Louisiana , from 8 December to 20 December before reporting to Orange , Texas , 22 December . There " Crag " was placed out of commission in reserve 19 March 1948 . She was sold to Mexico in 1962 . " Crag " received one battle star for her post - World War II minesweeping . In 1962 , " Crag " was sold to Mexico . Mexican Navy career . The former " Crag " was acquired by the Mexican Navy in October 1962 and renamed ARM " DM - 15 " . Her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary source s .
Robert L . Van Antwerp , Jr . Lieutenant General Robert L . Van Antwerp , Jr . Master Master PE ( born January 27 , 1950 ) was the Chief of Engineers of the United States Army and Commanding General of the U . S . Army Corps of Engineers . Van Antwerp graduated from the United States Military Academy with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1972 . He completed Ranger , Airborne and Air Assault training and the Engineer Officer Basic and Advanced Courses . He holds a Master of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan and a Master of Business Administration degree from Long Island University in New York . He is a Registered Professional Engineer . He served for a number of years as President of Officer ' s Christian Fellowship . Van Antwerp ' s previous assignment was as Commanding General , U . S . Army Accessions Command and Deputy Commanding General for Initial Military Training at Fort Monroe , Virginia . Additionally , Van Antwerp exercised Department of the Army directed executive agent authority over the United States Military Entrance Processing Command . Command assignments include the U . S . Army Maneuver Support Center and Fort Leonard Wood / Commandant , U . S . Army Engineer School ; U . S . Army Corps of Engineers Los Angeles District during the Northridge earthquake of 1994 ; the U . S . Army Division , South Atlantic , Atlanta , Georgia ; and the 326th Engineer Battalion , 101st Airborne Division ( Air Assault ) during the Gulf War . Other assignments include Chief of Staff , U . S . Army Corps of Engineers ; Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management , Washington , DC ; Director , Office of Competitive Sourcing , Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army ( Research , Development and Acquisition ) , Washington , DC ; Executive Assistant to the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , Washington , DC ; Executive Office , Office of the Chief of Engineers , Washington , D . C . ; Chief , Military Engineering and Construction Division , U . S . Army Western Command , Fort Shafter , Hawaii ; Executive Officer , 84th Engineer Battalion , 45th General Support Group , Schofield Barracks , Hawaii ; and Instructor , Department of Mechanics , U . S . Military Academy , West Point , New York .
SS Zachary Taylor SS " Zachary Taylor " ( MC contract 244 ) was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II . She was named after Zachary Taylor , the twelfth President of the United States . The ship was laid down by Permanente Metals in their Richmond Yard # 2 on 6 October 1941 , then launched on 28 February 1942 . After the war she went on to suffer the same fate as most of the other surviving Liberty ships : she was scrapped in 1961 . After the end of World War 2 , the SS Zachary Taylor was used to bring displaced European immigrants ( mostly Jews ) to New York City .
INS Pushpa Pushpa is an oil barge built by Goa Shipyard Limited for Indian Navy . Its yard no is 1144 and was delivered on 29 September 1989 . The vessel ' s IMO number is 8612213 and has dead weight of 732 tonnes . See also . INS Prema
William H . Appleton William H . Appleton ( March 24 , 1843 - September 9 , 1912 ) was an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War . Biography . Appleton served in the American Civil War in the 4th U . S . Colored Infantry for the Union Army . He received the Medal of Honor on February 18 , 1891 for his actions at the Second Battle of Petersburg and the Battle of Chaffin ' s Farm . He died on September 9 , 1912 at the age of 69 and is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery in Pembroke , New Hampshire . Medal of Honor citation . Citation : The first man of the Eighteenth Corps to enter the enemy ' s works at Petersburg , Va . , 15 June 1864 . Valiant service in a desperate assault at New Market Heights , Va . , inspiring the Union troops by his example of steady courage .
Plastic Keys to Paradise During the Iran - Iraq War ( 1980 - 1988 ) , Plastic Keys to Paradise were allegedly distributed to young Iranian military volunteers by the Islamic Republic of Iran leadership . It was reported in the western media that golden - colored , plastic " paradise keys " were widely issued , each one symbolizing the certain entry into " paradise " ( heaven : al - Janna ) for volunteers who were killed . The claim is disputed by scholars of the Iran - Iraq war . Soldiers were issued metallic identification tags , and / or plastic identification cards , along with a copy of Shaikh Abbass Qumi ( d . 1959 ) prayer book entitled ‘ " Mafatih al - Janan " ’ or “ Keys to Paradise ” . Iranian soldiers ' possession of military and religious items enabled some opponents of Khomeini to argue that the soldiers had been issued ‘ Plastic Keys to Heaven ’ – a concept that they hoped would evoke derision in the Western media against Khomeini . Professor Seyed Marandi considered the " absurdity " of the plastic keys claims ( for which he would like to see an evidence of , as a veteran of the Iran - Iraq war ) and similar allegations , a feature of orientalist discourse which is not challenged by its Western audience , " as they reinforce the dominant representations of Iran in America by constructing an exotic Iran principally derived from US archives " . While covering the ‘ Imposed War ’ a New York Times reporter claimed that : “ I saw Iranian soldiers ready for battle wearing small gold keys on their uniforms where other soldiers might wear medals . They were the keys that would immediately take their souls to heaven if they should die . ” No photographs of the keys have appeared .
List of United States Air Force training squadrons This is a list of United States Air Force training squadrons . It covers units that specialize in training such as combat training , flying training , and training squadrons and serves as a break out of the comprehensive List of United States Air Force squadrons . Units in this list are assigned to nearly every Major Command in the United States Air Force .
USS Thunderbolt ( PC - 12 ) USS " Thunderbolt " ( PC - 12 ) is the twelfth " Cyclone " class patrol ship . " Thunderbolt " was laid down 9 June 1994 by Bollinger Shipyards , Lockport , Louisiana and launched 2 December 1994 . She was commissioned by the United States Navy 7 October 1995 . In 2013 , " Thunderbolt " shifted homeport to Naval Support Activity Bahrain .
2nd West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 2nd West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Mustering . The 2nd West Virginia ( originally known as the 2nd Virginia ) was mustered into Federal service in mid - 1861 by companies as follows ; Service . The regiment was converted to the 5th West Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment on January 26 , 1864 . Posthumous Medal Presentation , August 2011 Casualties . http : / / www . youtube . com / embed / Gjiw4yJ6oQM
B - 52 Memorial Park B - 52 Memorial Park is located within the Orlando International Airport just off the Beachline Expressway formerly the Bee Line near runway 18L . It is a small , relatively hidden park under the control of the Greater Orlando Aviation Authority ( GOAA ) and features a retired B - 52D Stratofortress , Air Force Serial Number 56 - 0687 , from the Strategic Air Command . The aircraft was at one time assigned to the 306th Bomb Wing of the now defunct McCoy Air Force Base . The bomber was built in 1956 and retired 28 years later in 1984 . Final flight was from its last unit of assignment , the 7th Bomb Wing at Carswell AFB in Ft . Worth Texas , to the former McCoy AFB , now Orlando International Airport , on February 20 , 1984 . The park is located on Bear Road , accessible from Tradeport Drive just south of Beachline / SR 528 Exit 4 , around the corner from where the old Orlando Jetport terminal , the predecessor to the current Orlando International Airport terminal , used to stand . The park is open from 9 : 00am to sunset , and is free of charge to visit .
USCGC Mojave ( WPG - 47 ) USCGC " Mojave " ( WPG - 47 ) was a 240 - foot " Tampa " - class United States Coast Guard cutter in commission from 1921 until 1947 . Ship history . The ship was launched by the Union Construction Company of Oakland , California on 7 September 1921 , sponsored by Miss Elizabeth Haske of Oakland . She was commissioned at Oakland on 12 December 1921 as one of a new class of four ships which introduced the new principle of turbo - electric transmission . Assigned to a permanent station at Honolulu , she served with the Bering Sea Patrol , and assisted in enforcing the ban on deep - sea sealing . Upon completion of her Bering Sea tour " Mojave " transferred to Boston and , in company with the cutters and , took up Grand Banks ice patrol duties . ( The fourth ship of the class , , spent the war in Alaskan waters . ) " Mojave " and her sister ships were gradually replaced by the new class of 2 , 200 - ton cutters in 1930 , although " Mojave " continued to operate out of Boston until 1933 . She also occasionally took part in Coast Guard operations against the rumrunner s between 1925 and 1930 . Weather patrols were instituted in 1940 , and " Mojave " assumed rotating duty in 1941 as one of the Atlantic Ocean observation stations . This duty involved 21 - day patrols in areas 10 miles square between Bermuda and the Azores . Prior to 1940 merchant ships had provided weather observation reports , but these had been curtailed when the outbreak of war forced ships of belligerent nations into radio silence . For this reason the cutters operating out of Boston were relieved of their usual patrol and cruising duties so as to assume full - time weather patrol . When the cutters were transferred to the Navy on 1 November 1941 the schedules of the weather patrol ships " Mojave " , , , , and were not affected . Only when war developments increased demand for these large cutters elsewhere were they replaced by other , smaller craft taken over by the Coast Guard for such duties as weather patrol . By the end of the war there were 11 Coast Guard ocean stations in the Atlantic , acting as plane guard s and radio beacons as well as weather reporters . " Mojave " was assigned to the Greenland patrol in 1942 , where she took part in convoy escort and rescue operations . While acting as escort for the slow group of Convoy SG - 6 which had departed Sydney , Nova Scotia on 25 August , she assisted in the rescue of 570 men from the torpedo ed army transport USAT " Chatham " . The escort and anti - submarine accomplishments of the cutters were truly vital to the winning of the Battle of the Atlantic . Returned to the U . S . Treasury Department on January 1946 , " Mojave " was caught up in the postwar demobilization . She was decommissioned in 1947 , and sold in February 1948 . " Mojave " received one battle star for World War II service . In private ownership she was renamed " Amelia V " , renamed again as " Machala " in 1950 , and finally scrapped in 1964 .
XII Brigade , Royal Horse Artillery XII Brigade , Royal Horse Artillery was a brigade of the Royal Horse Artillery which existed in the early part of the 20th Century . It was dissolved during World War I as its constituent batteries were posted to other formations . Formation . Royal Horse Artillery brigades did not exist as an organizational or operational grouping of batteries until 1 July 1859 when the Horse Brigade , Royal Artillery was formed . The brigade system was extend to five ( later six ) brigades when the horse artillery of the Honourable East India Company had been transferred to the British Army in 1861 . These brigades were reduced to five in 1871 , then to three ( of 10 batteries each ) in 1877 and to two ( of 13 batteries each ) in 1882 . The brigade system was finally abolished in 1889 . As battery designations were tied to the brigade that the battery was assigned to , batteries were redesignated in a bewildering sequence as they were transferred between brigades . For example , E Battery of C Brigade ( E / C Bty ) might become N Battery of A Brigade ( N / A Bty ) upon transfer . Henceforth , batteries were designated in a single alphabetical sequence in order of seniority from date of formation . The brigade system was revived in 1901 . Each brigade now commanded just two batteries and a small staff ( a Lieutenant - Colonel in command , an adjutant and a brigade sergeant major ) . Initially , batteries were not assigned to brigades in any particular order , but in 1906 , at the insistence of Edward VII , brigades were redesignated so that batteries were roughly in order of seniority ( hence I Brigade commanded A Battery and B Battery ) . XII Brigade , RHA was formed on 1 March 1901 as the II Brigade - Division , RHA with V Battery and W Battery . In 1903 it was redesignated as II Brigade , RHA and was stationed at Woolwich . On 1 October 1906 , it was redesignated as XII Brigade , RHA . By the time World War I broke out , the brigade was in Meerut , India assigned to 7th ( Meerut ) Division . On mobilization , V Battery was assigned to the newly formed II Indian Brigade , RHA with 2nd Indian Cavalry Division ( attached to 7th ( Meerut ) Cavalry Brigade ) and sailed for the Western Front in November 1914 . W Battery moved to Sialkot and joined the 2nd ( Rawalpindi ) Division in October 1914 . It returned to the 7th ( Meerut ) Divisional Area where it joined 4th ( Meerut ) Cavalry Brigade in February 1915 . In November 1917 it departed for Mesopotamia where it joined the 11th Indian Cavalry Brigade . With the departure of its batteries , the brigade HQ was dissolved .
Abhorchdienst The Abhorchdienst was a German code - breaking bureau which operated during the final years of the First World War . It was established in 1916 and was composed mainly of mathematicians . Other countries , such as France and Austria - Hungary , had set up similar organisations at an earlier stage , but the military context did not necessitate the development of the German bureau until 1916 .
German submarine U - 512 German submarine " U - 512 " was a Type IXC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " built for service during World War II . Although she was short - lived , " U - 512 " was quite a successful boat , making full use of the time she enjoyed in the entrance to the Caribbean Sea , during the " Second Happy Time " . She was commanded by " Kapitänleutnant " Wolfgang Schultze , an admiral ' s son and previously training captain of . The Deutsche Werft shipyard in Hamburg built her during 1941 , she was completed in December , ready for her working - up period in the Baltic Sea to train her crew and iron out any engineering problems . Following this , she was detailed to cross the Atlantic Ocean and operate off the northern coast of South America in order to catch unescorted Allied shipping heading for or leaving the Panama Canal . Service history . Departing from Kiel on the 15 August 1942 , " U - 512 " headed into the Atlantic via the Norwegian coast and the gap between Iceland and the Faeroe Islands and then to the southwest , arriving in her designated patrol zone by the second week in September . She was almost immediately successful , sinking the slow , unescorted 10 , 000 - ton American tanker SS " Patrick J . Hurley " with her deck gun , claiming 17 lives . A week later , a second ship was found , the lone Spanish freighter SS " Monte Gorbea " , which was sunk with 52 lives , despite her neutral status . This act would undoubtedly have led to Schultze ' s court - martial , had he returned from the patrol . " U - 512 " s final victory came on the 24 September , when another American ship , the 6 , 000 - ton SS " Antinous " was sunk by two torpedoes off Venezuela . On the 2 October , while still lurking off the South American coast , " U - 512 " was spotted off Cayenne by a B - 18 Bolo aircraft belonging to the 99th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces . The aircraft flew low and dropped its bomb load directly on the boat , sinking her and 51 of her crew instantly . Only one man , Matrosengefreiter Franz Machon ( Polish : Franciszek Machoń ) escaped the boat and was rescued from his raft by the Wickes class destroyer ten days later .
Schwertwal The Schwertwal was a German miniature submarine design that reached the trial stage in late April 1945 . It had a crew of 2 and was designed to have a high subsurface speed of around 20 knots . The high speed was archived by the use of a Walther turbine . The submarine carried an armament of two torpedoes . The submarine lacked a periscope and the pilot viewed the outside world through an acrylic glass dome . The prototype was scuttled at the end of the war but was later raised by the British and examined before being scrapped . Further developments . Design work for an even faster version began but the plans never left the drawing board .
Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict The Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict was adopted by the United Nations in 1974 and went into force the same year . It was proposed by the United Nations Economic and Social Council , on the grounds that women and children are often the victims of wars , civil unrest , and other emergency situations that cause them to suffer " inhuman acts and consequently suffer serious harm " . Overview . The Declaration states that women and children suffer victimization during armed conflict due to " suppression , aggression , colonialism , racism , alien domination and foreign subjugation " . The Declaration specifically prohibits attacks and bombing of civilian populations ( Article 1 ) and the use of chemical and biological weapons on civilian populations ( Article 2 ) . Article 3 requires states to abide by the < a href = " Geneva % 20 % 0AProtocol " > Geneva Protocol < / a > of 1925 and the Geneva Convention of 1949 . The Declaration also requires countries to take measures to end " persecution , torture , punitive measures , degrading treatment and violence " especially when they are targeted against women and children , as well as recognizing " imprisonment , torture , shooting , mass arrests , collective punishment , destruction of dwellings , and forcible evictions " as criminal acts . Certain inalienable rights are also enshrined in the Declaration , such as access to food , shelter , and medical care , which are to be provided to women and children caught in emergency situations . Finally , the Declaration cites the binding nature of other international law instruments , naming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights , the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , International Covenant on Economic , Social and Cultural Rights , Declaration of the Rights of the Child .