naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Troop commander Troop commander is a military rank or appointment used by a number of countries to signify the officer in command of a troop , a traditional cavalry or artillery sub unit . British Army . A troop commander is an officer in the British Army , who commands 15 other soldiers ( a " troop " ) and their vehicles . A troop usually consists of four or sometimes more armoured vehicles such as tanks and APCs . While serving in the Household Cavalry , Prince Harry was a reconnaissance troop commander , commanding six scimitar LRV - Cs . Canadian Army . A troop commander ( TC ) is normally a junior officer ( 2nd lieutenant or lieutenant ) in the Royal Canadian Artillery or Royal Canadian Armoured Corps . Red Army . A troop commander is the senior officer in command of a Red Army cavalry troop . The rank is usually that of a captain , or senior lieutenant . A cavalry troop is equivalent in size and general strength to a rifle ( infantry ) company . A cavalry troop normally has five platoons . This typical formation was used by the 25th Ukrainian Mounted Rifle Regiment , a mounted rifle unit of the Ukrainian territorial defense army of the Red Army of the Soviet Union . Although disbanded , it is commemorated by living historians in the North East United States .
Battle of Mag Itha The Battle of Mag Itha ( alternative spellings : Magh Ithe , Magh Iotha ) was , according to Irish mythology , the first battle fought in Ireland , between the Fomorians , led by Cichol Gricenchos , and the followers of Partholón . According to the " Lebor Gabála Érenn " , the Fomorians had lived in Ireland for 200 years , subsisting by fishing and fowling , before the arrival of Partholón , whose people were the first in Ireland to build houses and brew ale . The " Lebor Gabála " dates Partholón ' s arrival in Ireland to 2608 years after the creation of the world , and says the Battle of Mag Itha took place ten years after that , in " Anno Mundi " 2618 . The plain of Mag Itha is said to have been cleared by Partholón ' s hireling Ith , and the battle to have taken place on the " slemna " , or " smooth lands " , of that plain . 300 Fomorians took part in the battle , and Partholón was victorious . The earliest recensions of the " Lebor Gabála " say that Cichol was killed and the Fomorians destroyed ; later recensions say the Fomorians had one arm and one leg each , the battle lasted a week , and no - one was killed or wounded as it was fought by magic . The " Annals of the Four Masters " dates the battle to " Anno Mundi " 2530 ( 2670 BC ) , and says 800 Fomorians took part in the battle , all of whom were killed . Geoffrey Keating ' s " Foras Feasa ar Éirinn " also mentions the battle , but gives little detail and no date . John O ' Donovan , in his notes to his edition and translation of the " Annals of the Four Masters " , places Mag Itha along the River Finn , near Lough Swilly in the barony of Raphoe , County Donegal . R . A . Stewart Macalister , in his notes to his edition and translation of the " Lebor Gabála Érenn " , adds that there were other plains of that name south of Arklow , County Wicklow , and in the territory of the Déisi .
Charles J . Dunlap , Jr . Major General Charles J . Dunlap Jr . ( born June 16 , 1950 ) retired in February 2010 as the Deputy Judge Advocate General , Headquarters U . S . Air Force , Washington , D . C . Military career . In his capacity as Deputy Judge Advocate General , Dunlap assisted the Judge Advocate General in the professional oversight of more than 2 , 200 judge advocates , 350 civilian attorneys , 1 , 400 enlisted paralegals and 550 civilians assigned worldwide . In addition to overseeing an array of military justice , operational , international and civil law functions , Dunlap provided legal advice to the Air Staff and commanders at all levels . Dunlap was commissioned through the ROTC program at St . Joseph ' s University in May 1972 , and was admitted to the Bar of the Supreme Court of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1975 . He has deployed to support various operations in the Middle East and Africa , including Provide Relief , Restore Hope , Vigilant Warrior , Desert Fox , Bright Star , and Enduring Freedom . He has led military - to - military delegations to Uruguay , the Czech Republic , South Africa and Colombia . The general speaks widely on legal and national security issues , and he is published in " Air and Space Power Journal " , " Peacekeeping & International Relations " , " Parameters " , " Proceedings " , " Military Review " , " The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs " , " Air Force Times " , the " Wake Forest Law Review " , the Air Force Law Review , the " Tennessee Law Review " , and the " Strategic Review " , among others . Prior to assuming his current position , General Dunlap served as the Staff Judge Advocate at Headquarters Air Combat Command . Dunlap is currently a professor at Duke University School of Law , where he teaches courses on national security law and the use of force in international law , among other topics . Dunlap wrote an essay in 1992 called " The Origins of the American Military Coup of 2012 " in which he asserts that the blurring of the military role of the armed forces into civilian missions might be dangerous to democracy and civilian government .
Robin Dalglish Rear Admiral Robin Campsie Dalglish CB , ( 3 December 1880 – 17 December 1934 ) was a senior officer in the Royal Navy . He represented Great Britain in Fencing at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics . He was the first Australian born Admiral in the Royal Navy and he was the Rear Admiral Commanding His Majesty ' s Australian Squadron between 7 April 1932 and 19 April 1934 . Biography . Born on 3 December 1880 in Dubbo , New South Wales , Australia . His family returned to England in 1888 . He joined the Royal Navy in 1895 as a cadet , and in 1901 was at the Royal Naval College , Greenwich . While as a Lieutenant , he served upon HMS " Bacchante " of 3rd Cruiser Squadron as part of the Mediterranean Squadron between 1902 - 1904 . During 1905 he served upon HMS " Leviathan " of the 3rd Cruiser Squadron as part of the Mediterranean Squadron . Promoted to Lieutenant Commander , he served upon HMS " King George V " during 1913 and at the outbreak of World War I . He served upon HMS " Canada " between 1915 and 1918 and participated in the Battle of Jutland . He was the Captain in charge of Harwich Docks , and commanded Shotley Training Establishment in 1923 . He was promoted to Rear Admiral on 4 April 1931 and appointed Rear Admiral in command of HM Australian Squadron between 7 April 1932 and 19 April 1934 . On 2 January 1933 he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath . He died of illness on 17 December 1934 .
Caersws Roman Forts The Caersws Roman Forts were two forts in what later became the Roman province of Britannia Superior . Their original Latin names are unknown , although they may have been called Mediomanum . Their remains lie beneath and adjacent to Caersws in the Welsh county of Powys . Campaign camp . The first fort at Caersws was built in a bend of the River Severn at Llwyn - y - Brain , three quarters of a mile east of the present village . It is large for such a fort and may have been erected in the reign of either Claudius or Nero . Auxiliary fort . About AD 78 , the campaigning camp was replaced by a permanent square fort for Roman auxiliary troops as the conquest of Roman Wales was consolidated . It was smaller and built closer to the confluence of the Rivers Carno and Severn on the site of present - day Caersws . A bank and triple ditch enclosed 7 . 75 acres ( 3 . 18 hectares ) . The headquarters building of the surrounding fort walls were rebuilt in stone around 200 . There was a military bath house and a civilian vicus . Occupation lasted into the early 4th century . Name . Either or both of the forts may have been called " Mediomanum " , a name which appears in the Ravenna Cosmography . The location fits the Caersws forts , although historians such as Rivet and Smith identify this entry with Mediolanum of Ptolemy and the Antonine Itinerary , further east . See also . History of Wales
" A " Device The " A " Device is an award device of the United States military which is presented as an attachment to the American Defense Service Medal and the Air Force Overseas Service Ribbon . The " A " Device is a bronze colored letter " A " , pinned to the center of both awards . Atlantic Device in World War II . The American Defense Service Medal was the first decoration to use the device and the award was originally known as the " Atlantic Device " and also as the " Axis Device " . The " A " Device was awarded to any member of the United States Navy , United States Marine Corps , or United States Coast Guard who , while deployed to the Atlantic Ocean between June 22 and December 7 , 1941 , engaged in armed conflict , or potential armed conflict , with naval forces of the German Kriegsmarine . Those having done so were awarded the American Defense Service Medal with " A " Device , the intent being to recognize those who had participated in the " undeclared war " when the United States of America was assisting Britain with war convoys and German U - Boat interdiction . USAF Arctic Device . The " A " Device became obsolete after the Second World War and did not appear again until the year 2002 . At that time , the United States Air Force declared that the " A " Device , now known as the " Arctic Device " , would be awarded to those who had received the Air Force Overseas Short Tour Service Ribbon for tours of duty north of the Arctic Circle . The device is not authorized for any other United States military decorations . Note , however , that the two representations of the " A " Device are different . The Atlantic Device does not have " feet " ( sans - serif ) , but the Arctic Device does have serifs . Although Alaska has locations within the Arctic Circle , there are currently no bases within that region . As of February 8 , 2007 , only Thule Air Base qualifies for this device .
USS Mystery ( ID - 2744 ) " Note : This ship should not be confused with two other World War I - era ships named USS " Mystery " . The second USS " Mystery " ( ID - 2744 ) , often identified as SP - 2744 , was a minesweeper support ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919 . " Mystery " was built in 1886 by A . G . Brown at Tottenville , New York , as a commercial fishing trawler . The 3rd Naval District inspected her on 7 May 1918 for possible World War I U . S . Navy service . The Navy chartered her from Empire Water Co . , Inc . , of New York City on 18 July 1918 , took her over 20 August 1918 , assigned her Identification Number ( ID . No . 2744 ) and commissioned her as USS " Mystery " ( ID - 2744 ) on 2 September 1918 . Confusingly , the designation " SP - 2744 " was painted on her bow and this designation is reported as her official one by many sources , although this contradicted her official data card , which identifies her as " Id . No . 2744 , " a more likely official designation for her given that " SP " numbers were usually much lower and because she did not have the patrol vessel role of most " SP " boats . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District , " Mystery " served as a support ship for minesweepers operating in the approaches to New York Harbor . Her career overlapped with that of the first USS " Mystery " ( SP - 428 ) . " Mystery " was returned to her owner on 18 January 1919 .
Edmund R . Thompson Edmund R . Thompson was a United States Army general officer . Military career . From 1 July 1975 to 29 August 1977 , Thompson , then a Brigadier General , was commanding general in the U . S . Army Intelligence Agency . From 29 August 1977 to 1 November 1981 , Thompson , then a Major General , served as the Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence at the Department of the Army headquarters . Between 1982 and 1984 he was the Deputy Director for Management and Operations of the Defense Intelligence Agency . General Thompson is a member of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame .
Baheira Airfield Baheira Airfield , or Bir El Baheira is an abandoned military airfield in Libya , which is located in the eastern desert near the Egyptian border , about 48 km west of Bardīyah ; 3 km west of Bi ' r al Buhayrah . Apparently a prewar Italian Air Force ( Regia Aeronautica ) airfield , it was used by the Royal Air Force in the early part of the Eastern Desert Campaign . Driven from the airfield by advancing Afrika Corps units in 1942 , it was used by the Luftwaffe in support of Rommel ' s drive into Egypt . The Germans were driven out after the Second Battle of El Alamein by the British Eighth Army , it was then used by the United States Army Air Force as a heavy bomber base by IX Bomber Command . 98th Bombardment Group , which flew B - 24 Liberator s from the field between 29 January and 14 February 1943 . When the Americans moved out , the base was abandoned . Today the airfield exists in the desert , relatively intact despite the rages of time and the harsh desert climate . Twin runways are clearly visible , along with the round perimeter track and many dispersal hardstands . Parking ramps are clearly in evidence , along with the remains of the bomb / storage / supply dump and the remains of buildings in the technical site away from the airfield . Many connecting streets are visible in aerial imagery , however all of the above are clearly worn and decayed by the desert sands .
Japanese gunboat Ataka On 20 May 1933 Ataka was incorporated into the 3rd Fleet , as flagship of the 11th Gunboat Sentai . She was supplanted by the as flagship in 1937 . Based in Shanghai during the Second Sino - Japanese War , Ataka was transferred to the Republic of China Navy after the war . She defected to the People ' s Liberation Army Navy in 1949 , and was sunk in Wuhu by Nationalist aircraft on 24 September the same year .
No . 1454 Flight RAF No . 1454 ( Fighter ) Flight was formed at RAF Colerne , Wiltshire on 27 June 1941 , equipped with Turbinlite Douglas Boston and Douglas Havoc aircraft . By 26 January 1942 the flight moved to RAF Charmy Down , Somerset . On operations they co - operated with the Hawker Hurricane s of 87 Squadron , which also flew from Charmy Down . The flight was replaced with 533 Squadron on 8 September 1942 ( not on 2 September due to administrative reasons ) but officially disbanded as late as 31 January 1943 . 533 Sqn , which had taken over men and machines , carried on flying the Turbinlite Bostons and Havocs till the system was abandoned on 25 January 1943 , when Turbinlite squadrons were , due to lack of success on their part and the rapid development of AI radar , thought to be superfluous .
USS Scorpion ( 1812 ) USS " Scorpion " was a self - propelled floating artillery battery in commission with the United States Navy from 1812 to 1814 . " Scorpion " was sloop - rigged and could also be propelled by oars . She probably was built under contract for the U . S . Navy in 1812 for service during the War of 1812 . Lieutenant Edmond P . Kennedy assumed command of the ship at Norfolk , Virginia , in September 1812 . On 29 March 1813 , " Scorpion " was ordered to the Potomac River to serve in the Potomac Flotilla , which was to protect Washington , D . C . Since Lieutenant Kennedy was to command the flotilla , Lieutenant George C . Read became the commanding officer of " Scorpion " on 4 May 1813 . On 18 February 1814 , " Scorpion " reported for duty at Baltimore , Maryland , in Commodore Joshua Barney ' s Chesapeake Bay Flotilla and became Commodore Barney ' s flagship . On 24 May 1814 , with Major William B . Barney , Commodore Barney ' s son , acting as captain of " Scorpion " , the flotilla sailed for the lower Chesapeake Bay in an attempt to stop the British from advancing toward Washington . On 1 June 1814 , a British squadron was encountered at the mouth of the Patuxent River , and the flotilla was forced to retreat up the river . During the following weeks , Commodore Barney ' s flotilla engaged the British on several occasions and was able to delay the British advance . Finally , on 21 August 1814 , facing overwhelming odds , Barney was forced to retreat and landed his men at Pig Point , near Upper Marlboro , Maryland . Barney and his men then marched to assist in the defense of Washington , leaving " Scorpion " and the rest of the flotilla to be burned by a detail of men under Lieutenant Solomon Frazier to prevent the capture of the ships by the British .
Abu Omar al - Kurdi Abu Omar al - Kurdi , real name Sami Muhammad Ali Said al - Jaaf , was a top bombmaker for Abu Musab al - Zarqawi ' s organization in Iraq , Jama ' at al - Tawhid wal - Jihad . He was captured in January 2005 . According to US and Iraqi officials , al - Kurdi was a veteran of training camps in Afghanistan and became a chief bombmaker of Zarqawi ' s group in 2003 . Reportedly , al - Kurdi was able to assemble his bombs using hundreds of rockets and explosives another operative , Ammar al - Zubaydi , had stolen from Iraqi warehouses early in the war . When he was captured in a January 15 , 2005 , raid in Baghdad ( announced ten days later ) , officials said he was responsible for making 75 % of the car bombs in Iraq from August 2003 , and he was said to confess to 32 of them . Among these were : the Jordanian embassy bombing , the bombing of U . N . Headquarters , the killing of Ayatollah Mohammed Baqir al - Hakim , the bombing of the Italian base in Nasiriyah , and the bombing which killed Izzedin Salim , head of the Iraqi Governing Council . Officials said that al - Kurdi was planning attacks against polling centers during the January 30 , 2005 elections . He also provided information about Zarqawi ' s movements , hiding places , and communications methods .
Arthur M . Ferguson Arthur Medworth Ferguson ( December 11 , 1877 Coffey County , Kansas - February 20 , 1923 Fort Leavenworth , Kansas ) was a United States Army officer who received the Medal of Honor for actions on September 28 , 1899 during the Philippine - American War . He later obtained the rank of Lieutenant Colonel . He had previously been promoted from Corporal after being awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for actions on April 26 , 1899 . Colonel Ferguson is buried in Arlington National Cemetery . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and Organization : First Lieutenant , 36th Infantry , U . S . Volunteers . Place and Date : Near Porac , Luzon , Philippine Islands , September 28 , 1899 . Entered Service At : Burlington , Kansas Birth : Coffey County , Kans . Date of Issue : March 8 , 1902 . Citation : Charged alone a body of the enemy and captured a captain . Distinguished Service Cross citation . Corporal , U . S . Army Company E , 20th Kansas Volunteer Infantry General Orders No . 126 , W . D . , 1919 Home Town : Burlington , Kansas Date of Action : April 26 , 1899 Citation : The Distinguished Service Cross is presented to Arthur M . Ferguson , Corporal , U . S . Army , for extraordinary heroism in action at Calumpit , Philippine Islands , April 26 , 1899 , against an armed enemy . At the imminent risk of his life Corporal Ferguson voluntarily crawled through a network of iron beams underneath a bridge and , inch by inch , worked his way hand over hand across the bridge until he was underneath an insurgent ' s outpost , obtaining a complete description of the condition of the bridge . Other service . Colonel Ferguson later served in the Mexican Border Campaign and World War I . When the war broke out in Europe , Ferguson was assigned to Fort Riley , where he became an instructor at the first officers ' training camp . He then became Chief Instructor at the second camp at Fort Snelling . He was then assigned to the War Department as an assistant adjutant general of the U . S . Army , in charge of enlisted men . He received praise from Secretary Newton D . Baker and General Pershing . During the last five years of his service , he served as the Secretary for the General Service Schools , Forth Leavenworth , where he organized the books division , which publishes textbooks for U . S . Army officers . Personal life and marriages . Ferguson was the son of Captain R . W . Ferguson and he married Laura Magill Ferguson who died in 1913 . He remarried , to Sarah Maddocks Ferguson ( 1889 – 1973 ) . He is buried next to both of his wives . Death . Colonel Ferguson died from sudden complications of surgery related to the removal of a hernia . He was survived by his widow , brothers and sisters and his elderly parents .
Sjöormen - class submarine The " Sjöormen " class were a group of submarine s built for the Swedish Navy in the late 1960s . They had a teardrop shape and were capable of diving to 150m . At the time of their deployment they were regarded as one of the most advanced non - nuclear submarine - classes in the world , incorporating many new features including x - rudder and anechoic tiles . Both speed and underwater endurance was at this time very high for a conventional submarine . The submarines were retired by Sweden in the early 1990s . In the late 1990s , four submarines were acquired by the Republic of Singapore Navy and relaunched as the " Challenger " class following modernisation and tropicalisation .
4th Mountain Infantry Division Livorno The 4th Mountain Infantry Division Livorno was an Infantry Division of the Italian Army during World War II . The Division was formed in October 1939 , and was reformed in March 1942 , for the planned Invasion of Malta . When the invasion was canceled it was transferred to Sicily in February 1943 , and was planned to be shipped to North Africa but that order was cancelled . The division was still in Sicily during the Allied landings and suffered heavy losses . Mountain Divisions are not to be confused with the " Alpini " specialized mountain troops . The Mountain divisions had pack horse artillery instead of the usual towed type . Sicily . The " Livorno " Division was the only Italian mobile division in Sicily and was considered by the Germans and most Italians to be far superior to the other divisions , as they had originally been intended for the assault on Malta . It consisted of high quality troops and it had sufficient transport to move all of its infantry units simultaneously . They carried out a substantial counterattack and threatened to throw the invaders back into the sea . On 10 July " Livorno " infantry supported by the 155th Bersaglieri Motorcycle Company and a column of tanks poured onto Highways 115 and 117 and nearly retook the city of Gela , but guns from the destroyer Shubrick and the cruiser Boise destroyed several Fiat 3000 tanks ( a variant of the French Renault tank ) . The Amphibious Battle of Gela was reported by an American newspaper : " Supported by no less than forty - five tanks , a considerable force of infantry of the " Livorno " Division attacked the American troops around Gela . The American division beat them back with severe casualties . This was the heaviest response to the Allied advance . " The " Livorno " regrouped made a further attempt to retake Gela two days later and the 3rd Battalion , 34 Livorno Regiment , is recorded by its Commanding Officer as having made a valiant effort in the Gela Beachhead . The survivors were withdrawn to mainland Italy in August 1943 . It surrendered to the German forces in September 1943 .
Joint Capability for Airborne Networking Joint Capability for Airborne Networking ( JCAN ) is an airborne networking capability built by Northrop Grumman that builds upon the United States Air Force ' s Interim Capability for Airborne Networking and integrates with the United States Navy ' s Automated Digital Network System . The Interim Capability for Airborne Networking is the precursor for the JCAN .