naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Salis The naval Battle of Salis took place during the Polish - Swedish War ( 1600 - 1611 ) during the night of March 23 – 24 , 1609 . After the capture of Pärnu , Jan Karol Chodkiewicz , commander of the Lithuanian army , moved towards Riga , which was occupied by the Swedes under the command of Joachim Frederick von Mansfeld . Along the way , Chodkiewicz saw a chance to destroy the Swedish squadron based in the Salis port which blocked Riga . The dominant presence of the Swedes in the Baltic region gave the Lithuanian army the upper hand , as von Mansfeld and the Swedish army did not expect the possibility of an attack in such a heavily Swedish - occupied region . Chodkiewicz ' s army consisted of two ships obtained in Pärnu , filled with Polish infantry and armed with cannons brought in from Pärnu castle . The squadron was additionally reinforced by a few hastily armed merchant ships ( probably five ) purchased from the English and Dutch , and a couple of boats and bateau x . To assist in managing vessel traffic , Chodkiewicz hired a few sailors , mainly Livonian . On the night of March 23 , Chodkiewicz ' s army ( consisting of Lithuanians , Livonians , and probably some bribed members of the Swedish infantry ) surprise - attacked the Swedish fleet . Using the favourable winds blowing inland , Chodkiewicz sent several ( probably four ) fire ship s ( their first use in the Baltic in modern times ) into the port , setting several ships on fire and pushing them in the direction of the Swedish warships anchored in formation . Unprepared for the attack , the Swedish attempted to save their ships by cutting their anchor ropes and to flee . Despite this , two Swedish ships were burned and soon sank . Retreating from the port , the Swedish unit came under fire by Polish ships waiting at the roadstead . Chodkiewicz ' s Swedish squadron did not attempt to engage in an artillery fight and immediately escaped to the waters of the Gulf of Riga . Polish units , slower than the Swedish ships , did not attempt to pursue them . The entire Port of Salis , together with stocks of weapons , ammunition and food , fell into the hands of the Lithuanians . The victory of Pärnu and Salis had a direct impact on the further course of the war and contributed to halting the Swedish assault on Riga .
Mectron MAA - 1B Piranha II The Mectron MAA - 1B is a Brazilian missile being developed by Brazilian Armed Forces in conjoint with companies Mectron and Avibras . Description . The MAA - 1B is an air - air missile manufactured in Brazil by Mectron and is in the process of development . It is considered by engineers a fourth - generation missile , a level located between the R - 73 Archer Russian and the Rafael Python 4 Israelis . The missile division with the current version only the main structure of the fuselage , the warhead and proximity fuze and impact , the rest being completely new . While the previous version uses a simple , monochrome sensor , the sensor of the new version is a unit of two colors that are 80 % nationalized , with great ability to discriminate targets from decoys and pyrotechnics . The unit has large off - boresight capability and is housed in a nose more tapered and streamlined and can be pointed at the target by radar , the pilot ' s helmet or perform autonomous search . The software acquisition and tracking targets is better able to deal with decoys , and the autopilot is programmed to monitor the type pursuit lag . Behind the nose is highlighted the new aerodynamic package , consisting of four fixed canard surfaces of type , followed by four movable canards and two flaps to control the longitudinal spin similar to the Israeli Python missiles 4 : 05 , which eliminates the need for rolerons flight back surfaces to ensure rotational stability of the missile . A military cargo , as said , is the same . The engine is not yet defined , but must receive improvements to ensure more thrust , so as to increase the range , maneuverability and mission time . With the current engine , maneuverability is improved by over 20 % , only on the best configuration aerodynamics . Unlike the first version , the missile now has two set ups and operation modes , selectable by the pilot according to the characteristics of the threat to be faced in order to optimize the performance of the weapon in relation to the target . With the modifications narrated the missile was a little heavier , keeping , however , the same length and diameter . The MAA - 1B is considered by a missile engineers fourth generation " intermediate " located in a level between the R - 73 Archer Russian and Israeli Python 4 . The price , however , will be much lower than similar market . Development continues and the FAB are keeping the schedule of funding is planned to produce a pilot series in the second half of 2008 , with test firing and approval to be accomplished by the end of 2008 . The first real test with the MAA - 1B was in 3 November 2008 Operators . " Brazil " . The Brazilian Air Force will operate these missiles alongside with the future South African / Brazilian Denel A - Darter " Pakistan " . The government of Pakistan negotiates the brought of MAA - 1B missiles alongside with the also of the Mectron MAA - 1 Piranha and the MAR - 1
Charles W . Dorman Charles W . Dorman is a retired Brigadier General for the United States Marine Corps , and was the former Chief Judge for the Navy - Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeal s . Dorman served as an attorney & judge for the Marine Corps for 33 years . In his career , he handled over 300 cases for the Government . Education . Dorman graduated from the University of Florida in 1970 with his Bachelors Degree , and in 1973 he received his Juris Doctorate from UF as well . In 1980 he received his LLM from the George Washington University
Frederik Wilhelm Stabell Frederik Wilhelm Stabell ( 25 May 1763 – 2 June 1836 ) was a Norwegian military officer and politician . He was a member of the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814 , and ended his military career with the rank of General . Personal life . Stabell was born in the parish Hole , Ringerike , as the son of holzførster Lars Bastian Stabell and Lucie Marie Bruenech . He married Helene Voigt in 1792 . He died in Christiania in 1836 . Military career . Stabell served in the Infantry Regiment of Southern Norway from 1777 , and studied at the Norwegian Military Academy in Christiania ( ) from 1780 to 1783 . After a period out of the military , he resumed his military career , first as a non - commissioned officer at the Sleswick Infantry Regiment . From 1786 he served at the " Kongsberg Infantry Company " , which was incorporated in the newly formed " Norske gevorbne jegerkorps " in 1788 . He held the rank of Captain from 1791 , commanded his own company from 1801 , was interim commander of the " Søndenfjeldske skiløperbataljon " from 1805 , and was given the rank of Major in 1807 . He was decorated Knight of the Order of Dannebrog in 1808 , for his merits at the battle of Trangen and at Jaren during the Dano - Swedish War . From 1809 to 1810 he was interim commander at the Kongsvinger Fortress , and thereafter he served at the " Akershusiske skarpskytterregiment " , with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel from 1811 . During the Swedish - Norwegian War in 1814 he commanded 3 , 000 troops . He was appointed Colonel and commander of the " 2nd Akershusiske Infanteribrigade " in 1818 , was appointed Major General in 1818 , Lieutenant General in 1821 , and General in 1833 . Political career . Stabell represented the " Akershusiske skarpskytterregiment " and Smaalenenes amt at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814 .
James S . Jackson James Streshly Jackson ( September 27 , 1823 – October 8 , 1862 ) was a U . S . Representative from Kentucky and a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Biography . Born in Fayette County , Kentucky , Jackson pursued classical studies at Centre College , Danville , Kentucky . He graduated from Jefferson College , Canonsburg , Pennsylvania , in 1844 , and the fillowing year from the law department of Transylvania University , Lexington , Kentucky . He was admitted to the bar and began practicing law in Greenupsburg , Kentucky . During the Mexican - American War , Jackson enlisted on June 9 , 1846 , as a private in the 1st Kentucky Cavalry ; he was elected a third lieutenant one month later . Jackson participated in a duel with Captain Thomas Francis Marshall ; fearing a court martial , he resigned from the Army on October 10 , 1846 . In 1859 , he moved to Hopkinsville from Greenupsburg . He was elected as a Unionist to the Thirty - seventh Congress and served from March 4 to December 13 , 1861 , when he resigned to enter the Union Army . Jackson raised a cavalry company and was elected colonel of the 3rd Kentucky Cavalry when it was formed on December 13 , 1861 . He was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers on July 16 , 1862 . Jackson was placed in command of the 10th Division in the Army of the Ohio . He was killed in action on October 8 , 1862 , during the Battle of Perryville . He was buried at Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville , but was reinterred on March 24 , 1863 at Riverside Cemetery in Hopkinsville .
Hanno , son of Hannibal Hanno , son of Hannibal , was a Carthaginian general during the First Punic War . History . Before the Battle of Agrigentum , Hannibal Gisco was in the city of Agrigentum , besieged by the Romans , and Hanno was sent to provide relief . Hanno concentrated his troops at Heraclea Minoa and captured the Roman supply base at Herbesos . He told his Numidian cavalry to attack the Roman cavalry and then feign retreat . The Romans pursued the Numidians as they retreated and were brought to the main Carthaginian column where they suffered many losses . The siege lasted several months before the Romans defeated the Carthaginians and forced Hanno to retreat .
27th Mountain Infantry Brigade ( France ) The 27th Mountain Infantry Brigade ( ) is a mountain infantry formation of the French Army . It is heir to the traditions of the 27th Alpine Division , the division alpine FFI créée in 1944 , which became the 27th division alpine ' ( 27th DA ) in 1945 , then the 27th division d ' infanterie alpine ( 27th DIA , and then the 27th division d ' infanterie de montagne ( 27th DIM ) . Disbanded after 1945 , it was reformed in 1976 as a division , but with the end of conscription , all of the French Army ' s divisions were disbanded and the 27th became a brigade in 1996 . Organisation . The 27th BIM comprises the : After 2013 the 27th Mountain Infantry Brigade will be merged with the Italian Alpine Brigade Taurinense in Turin to form a new joint French - Italian Mountain Infantry Brigade .
Brendan O ' Connor ( United States Army ) Sergeant Major Brendan W . O ' Connor ( born ca . 1960 ) is a Special Forces medical sergeant in the United States Army . On April 30 , 2008 he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his heroic action in Afghanistan . The DSC is the nation ' s second highest award for valor ( after the Medal of Honor ) and this was only the second time since the Vietnam War that the medal was awarded . Early life . Brendan W . O ' Connor was born at the United States Military Academy at West Point , New York , the fifth of six children , to LTC Mortimer O ' Connor and Elizabeth O ' Connor . After his father died in combat in Vietnam , the family settled in Moorestown Township , New Jersey . Brendan enlisted in the United States Army Reserves ( USAR ) and enrolled in the Reserve Officers ' Training Corps at Valley Forge Military Junior College at Wayne , Pennsylvania in 1978 . He was commissioned in 1980 and served as the Executive Officer of a Special Forces Team , later as a Rifle Platoon Leader and Rifle Company Commander , and then as a Team commander . In 1994 , he resigned his commission in the Reserves and enlisted in the Active Army to become a Special Forces medical sergeant . In 2005 , he deployed to Afghanistan for Operation Enduring Freedom as a medical sergeant and a team ' s Operations Sergeant . Heroic action . On June 22 , 2006 , O ' Connor and his team were ambushed by over 250 Taliban fighters in southern Afghanistan . During the ensuing 17½ hours of intense combat , two soldiers were seriously wounded . The Afghan translator with the team radioed for permission to kill the two wounded soldiers and himself to prevent the Taliban from capturing , then torturing , mutilating , and executing them . O ' Connor started to crawl out to assist the two wounded soldiers but couldn ' t get low enough to avoid detection . He then removed his body armor and slowly crawled toward the two soldiers , taking a full 90 minutes to crawl 200 yards , while machine gun bullets passed close enough to cut down the grass around him . Eventually reaching the wounded , O ' Connor gave them first aid , then moved them to a more secure position . Afterwards the team sergeant was killed , at which point O ' Connor took command of the team . Covered by a United States Air Force plane , the team was able to withdraw . They suffered two dead and one seriously wounded but had killed over 120 Taliban fighters . In a ceremony at Fort Bragg , O ' Connor was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross while two other soldiers were awarded Silver Star s ( one posthumously ) . Family . He is married to Margaret Elizabeth ( née Garvey ) ; they have three sons and a daughter .
4th Supply Battalion The 4th Supply Battalion is a battalion of the U . S . Marine Corps Reserve that specializes in distributing and warehousing military goods and equipment . Headquartered in Newport News , Virginia , they fall under the command of the 4th Marine Logistics Group and Marine Forces Reserve . Mission . To field , train , and provide qualified supply augmentees and capabilities to the active component ; to serve as a Combat Logistics Regiment ( CLR ) headquarters when tasked ; to serve as the force intermediate supply activity for designated classes of supply . History . Activated 20 March 1952 at Norfolk , Virginia as 1st Depot Supply Battalion , U . S . Marine Corps Reserve . Redesignated 1 November 1959 as 3D Service Battalion , U . S . Marine Corps Reserve . Redesignated 1 February 1961 as 1st Combat Service Support Battalion , U . S . Marine Corps Reserve . Redesignated 1 July 1962 as Material Supply and Maintenance Battalion , 4th Force Service Regiment , Force Troops , Fleet Marine Force , U . S . Marine Corps Reserve . Redesignated 1 July 1965 as Supply Battalion , 4th Force Service Regiment . Relocated during October 1971 to Newport News , Virginia . Redesignated 17 May 1976 as 4th Supply Battalion , 4th Force Service Support Group . Participated in support of Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm , Southwest Asia , December 1990 – February 1991 . Mobilized and Deployed to Camp Pendleton , California in support of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom , Iraq February – September 2003 .
Barbute A barbute ( termed a " barbuta " in Italian ) is a visorless war helmet of 15th - century Italian design , often with distinctive " T " shaped or " Y " shaped opening for the eyes and mouth . The name is first recorded in an inventory made for the Gonzaga family of Mantua in 1407 . It can be considered as a specialised form of the sallet . The barbute resembles classical Greek helmets ( most strikingly the Corinthian ) and may have been influenced by a renewed interest in ancient artifacts which was common in this period . Characteristics . The defining characteristic of the barbute is the fact that the shape of the helmet extends all the way down to cover both sides of the face . Regardless of the type of opening — which could be T - shaped , Y - shaped or arch - shaped , this characteristic is practically always present . This made the wearing of a gorget optional . In place of a plate gorget the barbute would have often been worn with a stiffened mail collar , termed a " standard , " which protected the throat and neck . On some examples , there is a central , narrow protrusion extending down from the top of the opening , designed to protect the wearer ' s nose . Sometimes , like Italian sallets , barbutes were covered by a rich decorative fabric , most typically heavy velvet . Unlike the sallet the barbute seems to have enjoyed little popularity outside Italy . The main differences between the barbute and the Greek hoplite ' s helm to which it is often compared are the difference in material ( Ancient Greeks used bronze ) and the lack of a prominent decorative crest . Barbutes were made mostly from a single sheet of steel using the metal smithing process of raising until the piece assumed the desired shape . Often a low ridged crest was forged into the top of the helmet ' s skull which served to strengthen the helmet without adding a significant amount of weight .
Samuel Underhill Samuel Jackson Underhill ( 25 August 1917 - 8 May 1942 ) was a naval aviator of the United States Navy who was killed in action during the Battle of the Coral Sea . Born in Jericho , New York , he received a bachelor of science from Yale University and attended Harvard Law School before enlisting in the United States Navy Reserve as a Seaman Second Class on 8 November 1940 . After serving briefly at Floyd Bennett Field , Brooklyn , New York , Underhill was appointed an aviation cadet and was transferred on 6 February 1941 to the Naval Air Station , Jacksonville , Florida , for flight training . He subsequently underwent further training at Miami , Florida ; was designated a naval aviator on 15 July ; and was commissioned an ensign in the Naval Reserve on 6 August . Following advanced flight training at Norfolk , Virginia , he reported to Scouting Squadron 5 ( VS - 5 ) . In May 1942 , when Rear Admiral Frank Jack Fletcher ' s Task Force 17 steamed in the Coral Sea seeking to foil Japan ' s attempt to extend her influence southward , Underhill was with VS - 5 on board carrier USS " Yorktown " ( CV - 5 ) . When VS - 5 raided Tulagi on the morning of 4 May he flew his Dauntless dive - bomber against a heavy anti - aircraft barrage and contributed to the sinking or damaging of eight enemy vessels . On the morning of 7 May , a coordinated attack group of 17 SBDs from VS - 5 took off from " Yorktown " and , in clear skies with unlimited visibility , launched a dive bombing attack on the light carrier " Shōhō " . The American planes scored nine direct hits and two near misses that sent the hapless enemy flattop to the bottom . The next day , the two naval forces at last found one another and the stage was set for the first great naval action between aircraft carrier s , the Battle of the Coral Sea . On the morning of 8 May , " Yorktown " launched the SBDs of VS - 5 , dividing the group to accomplish separate missions . One division joined in the attack on Japanese carrier " Shōkaku " and , diving from 17 , 000 feet through broken cloud cover , dropped bombs which bent the enemy carrier ' s deck sufficiently to prevent the launching of her aircraft . As the bombers pulled out , Japanese fighter planes swarmed out to repel them but were fought off by the Americans . Later that morning , dive bombers of VS - 5 conducted anti - torpedo plane patrol around " Yorktown ' s " formation . Pressed into service due to the lack of fighters , the slower Dauntless dive - bombers were at a disadvantage with the Japanese attackers . At 1110 , eight of the American bombers intercepted and engaged a group of about 17 Japanese fighter plane s , shot down six of the enemy and damaged seven more . When the fierce action was over , Ensign Underhill was numbered among those lost in the fight to protect the carrier . He was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his extraordinary heroism , and became the namesake for the destroyer escort USS " Underhill " ( DE - 682 ) .
Command at Sea insignia The Command at Sea insignia is a military badge of the United States Navy , designating senior officers below that of a flag rank , specifically , Captain and below , who are in command of , or have previously commanded , either a ship , submarine , an operational / deployable fleet air unit in naval aviation , or a special warfare ( SEAL ) unit . It is worn centered over the right pocket while the wearer is holding an active command at sea billet as an incumbent , and is worn centered on the upper portion of the left pocket flap , under the warfare insignia and ribbons , after completion of the command tour . A similar badge that is worn in the same manner as the Command at Sea pin is the Command Ashore insignia . Symbology . The six stars on the Command at Sea insignia represent the first six ships of the United States Navy : , , , , , and . U . S . Coast Guard . The United States Coast Guard uses an equivalent insignia to the U . S . Navy ' s Command at Sea pin , called the Command Afloat Badge . The Command Afloat insignia is a gold and silver metal device with a miniature Coast Guard officer cap device superimposed on a ribbon of gold with thirteen stars to represent the thirteen original American colonies . The Command Afloat insignia is worn in the same manner as the Command Ashore insignia and is considered superior to the Officer - in - Charge Afloat insignia . NOAA Commissioned Corps . The NOAA Commissioned Corps Command at Sea badge is a gold - colored pin consisting of a triangle superimposed on anchor flukes and an unfurled commissioning pennant showing six triangles . The NOAA Command - at - Sea insignia is authorized for incumbents serving under orders designating them in command of Class 1 through Class 5 NOAA commissioned vessels . A NOAA Corps officer who previously successfully held command ( but is not currently in command ) of a NOAA commissioned vessel for at least six months during which the vessel was engaged for at least four months in operations at sea , is authorized to wear the Command - at - Sea insignia .
Fort Insley In spring and summer 1864 Fort Blair , Fort Henning and Fort Insley were constructed to help protect the town and post of Fort Scott from Confederate forces . Fort Insley was named for Capt . Martain H . Insley . It was located just northeast of town , about 1½ blocks northeast of the main part of the post of Fort Scott . It overlooked Buck Run Creek . Each blockhouse was built of sawed wood slabs or thick boards , which were covered with rough boards . Each had a wood shingle roof and had ports for aiming rifles and small cannon . Each was two stories tall . Each blockhouse was surrounded by log palisades covered on the outside by earthworks , which in turn were surrounded by wide , deep ditches . Fort Insley was the largest of the blockhouses , measuring twenty by thirty feet . It was garrisoned by a detachment from the 6th Kansas and served as an ammunition storehouse . The three blockhouses helped protect Fort Scott in October 1864 when Maj . Gen . Sterling Price retreated south during his failed invasion of Missouri ( see Price ' s Missouri Raid ) . He hoped to overrun Fort Scott , but retreated without a fight . After the Civil War Forts Henning and Insley were torn down . Fort Scott itself closed in October 1865 .
West Virginia World War II Army Airfields During World War II , the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) established numerous airfields in West Virginia for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers . Most of these airfields were under the command of First Air Force or the Army Air Forces Training Command ( AAFTC ) ( A predecessor of the current - day United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command ) . However , the other USAAF support commands ( Air Technical Service Command ( ATSC ) and Air Transport Command ( ATC ) or Troop Carrier Command ) commanded a significant number of airfields in a support roles . It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields . Many were converted into municipal airports , some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front - line bases during the Cold War . Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today , and are being used for other purposes . Major Airfields . First Air Force