naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Edward J . O ' Neill Edward Joseph O ' Neill ( March 24 , 1902 – January 9 , 1979 ) was a career U . S . Army officer and battalion combat commander in World War II . He later commanded logistics and support organizations and senior military staff in Europe during the Cold War era . Education and World War II . He was commissioned a second lieutenant of infantry in the Regular Army in 1924 after his graduation from the University of Vermont . He served in a variety of infantry commands and staff positions in the years between the World Wars , with a tour in Hawaii and attendance at the Infantry School at Fort Benning , Georgia and the Command and General Staff School . At the onset of World War II , he was a battalion commander in the 1st Infantry Division ( United States ) . In 1941 O ' Neill became assistant then chief G - 4 , or chief of supplies and logistical support for the Fifth United States Army ' s VI Corps ( United States ) in the North Africa and Italian campaigns . He was responsible for supplying the Allied landing at Anzio , Italy in Operation Shingle . O ' Neill ended the war as G - 4 for U . S . Fifth Army . Post war service and commands . In 1950 , he was Deputy Chief of Staff of the European Command , redesignated Headquarters , U . S . Army , Europe . In August 1954 he was promoted to Brigadier General and later took command of U . S . Army Communication Zone , Europe , the logistics and support organization for the U . S . Army , Europe . In that position on May 12 , 1958 , he selected one of 13 casketed remains of unknown U . S . soldiers from American military cemeteries in Europe to represent the unknowns from the European Theater of Operations during World War II . After a further selection of unknowns from the Atlantic and Pacific theaters , the Unknown Soldier of World War II was interred in the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National Cemetery on Memorial Day , 1958 . O ’ Neill next served as Army Chief of Staff in Europe in 1959 . In March 1960 , he was promoted to Lieutenant General and assumed his final command of First United States Army at Fort Jay , Governors Island , New York . While there , he also served as senior U . S . Army representative to the United Nations Military Staff Committee . He retired after 31 years of active duty on March 31 , 1962 . Retiring to Arlington , Virginia , O ' Neill was a consultant for Aerojet General Corporation in Washington , D . C . until 1970 . O ' Neill died of a heart attack on January 9 , 1979 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery .
Bavelaw Castle Bavelaw Castle is a historic house in the City of Edinburgh council area , Scotland . It is north of Hare Hill in the Pentland Hills , four miles west of Penicuik , and two miles south of Balerno , above Threipmuir Reservoir . The house was built around a 16th - century L - plan tower house . Mary , Queen of Scots , and James VI both stayed at Bavelaw . An earlier structure was held by the Braids , then by the Fairlies , but passed to the Forresters of Niddry by marriage . From them , it went to the Mowbrays of Barnbougle in the 16th century , and then to the Dundas family who probably built the core of the current building . Later , in 1628 , it passed to the Scotts of Harperigg . Bavelaw fell into a ruinous state , but was restored and extended in about 1900 by Sir Robert Lorimer ( 1864 - 1929 ) , linking the former out - buildings to become part of the main house , adding larger windows and a turret to increase the space in the attic , and converting the basement . Bavelaw Castle is currently owned by the Douglas - Miller family , former owners of the Jenners department store .
SM UC - 69 SM " UC - 69 " was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 7 August 1916 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 22 December 1916 as SM " UC - 69 " . In nine patrols " UC - 69 " was credited with sinking 54 ships , either by torpedo or by mines laid . " UC - 69 " was sunk after being accidentally rammed by near Barfleur on 6 December 1917 .
Noyautage des administrations publiques Noyautage des administrations publiques , also known by the abbreviation NAP , was an arm of the French Resistance , started by André Plaisantin of the Combat movement , with the aim of infiltrating the Vichy Government . It was started in 1942 on a suggestion from Claude Bourdet to Jean Moulin . The branch of the NAP charged with infiltrating the highest parts of the Vichy administration was called " Super - NAP " , and was led by Albert Chambon . The NAP only started developing effectively after the merging in early 1943 of the main " zone libre " resistance movements , namely Combat , Libération - Sud and Franc - Tireur , into the Mouvements unis de la Résistance ( MUR ) . It subsequently expanded into the " zone occupée " . The primary missions of the NAP were the passing of information to Free France , the safety of the French Resistance , " professional " sabotage , provision of false document s , and preparing to take power at the moment when France would be liberated .
Alois Stoeckl Alois Stoeckl ( 22 August 1895 – 14 August 1940 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Luftwaffe during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Alois Stoeckl was killed on 14 August 1940 after the Heinkel He 111 that he was an observer in was attacked by British Spitfires from No . 609 Squadron RAF . He was shot down by British ace John Dundas DFC and his wingman . Stoeckl and two of his crew , Oberst Walter Frank and Oberleutnant Bruno Broßle were buried at Romsey cemetery on 19 August in Graves 35 , 97 and 130 . Squadron Leader C . F Ashley led the burial party . They were moved to the Cannock Chase German war cemetery , Block 2 , Row 2 , Graves 30 , 32 and 35 . < div class = " references - small " > < / div class = " references - small " >
Piła Airport Piła ( 75 000 inhabitants ) is located in the rather sparsely populated part of northern Wielkopolska . It also possesses a former military airport ( runway size : 2400 . 5 x 60 meters ) within the city limits , which does not serve any scheduled traffic . It was proposed to use it for commercial purposes , and the town authorities sent invitation to airlines asking whether they would be eager to operate on it . However , the interested airlines did not convinced the authorities to turn it into a normal commercial airport . It may be due to the demographic limitations - the population in its caption area is not larger than 1 . 5 million . In 2006 it was agreed to reopen the airport , alas , no change occurred . History . The airport opened in 1913 .
Williamson ' s Arkansas Infantry Battalion The Williamson ' s Arkansas Infantry Battalion ( 1862 ) was a Confederate Army infantry battalion during the American Civil War . Organization . The battalion was organized in March 1862 by Colonel John L . Williamson , apparently immediately following the final muster of the 15th Arkansas Militia Regiment . Williamson had also commanded the 15th Arkansas Militia Regiment from Pope County . Three companies for this battalion were recruited from Pope County , including several former 15th Militia Regiment members . It was apparently intended to be recruited to a full regiment but the battalion was still recruiting and organizing when it was swept up by General Earl Van Dorn when he transferred his army to Mississippi following the Battle of Pea Ridge . The battalion was formally organized at Camp Churchill Clark , near Corinth , Mississippi , on May 8 , 1862 . However , it was decided to disband the battalion instead , so the election of officers was invalidated and the battalion formally broken up on May 25 , 1862 . The battalion was composed of companies from the following counties : The component companies were distributed among other Arkansas battalions and regiments as follows :
QF 4 inch Mk XVI naval gun The QF 4 inch Mk XVI gun was the standard British Commonwealth naval anti - aircraft and dual - purpose gun of World War II . Service . The Mk XVI superseded the earlier QF 4 inch Mk V naval gun on many Royal Naval ships during the late 1930s and early 1940s . These guns were usually mounted on HA / LA Mark XIX twin mountings , although several Australian frigates and corvettes had single - gun Mk XX mountings . As secondary armament ( list not complete ) : As main armament ( list not complete ) : Allied ships modified in the United Kingdom : The South African Navy Loch - class frigate s ( HMSAS " Good Hope " , HMSAS " Natal " and HMSAS " Transvaal " ) each had two of these guns mounted on a twin Mark XIX on their foredeck between 1944 and 1976 .
Bliss - Leavitt Mark 7 torpedo The Bliss - Leavitt Mark 7 torpedo was a Bliss - Leavitt torpedo developed and produced by the E . W . Bliss Company and the Naval Torpedo Station in Newport , Rhode Island in 1911 . The Mark 7 was a major step in the evolution of the modern torpedo . This innovative design featured the use of steam , generated from water sprayed into the combustion pot along with the fuel . The resulting mixture dramatically boosted the efficiency of the torpedo , leading to markedly improved performance . The Mark 7 torpedo was issued to the US Navy fleet in 1912 and remained in service through World War II . This torpedo was also experimented on as an aircraft - launched weapon in the early 1920s .
4th Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 4th Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) was a Second World War British Army brigade . It was part of the British 2nd Infantry Division . World War II History . A regular army formation , this brigade served in France in 1940 as part of the BEF , evacuated to England on May 31 , 1940 . It remained in the United Kingdom until April 1942 when , with the rest of the 2nd Infantry Division , it was shipped to India to fight in the Burma Campaign until the end of the war in 1945 .
Bruno Loerzer Bruno Loerzer ( 22 January 1891 - 23 August 1960 ) was an officer in the German Luftstreitkräfte during World War I and Luftwaffe during World War II . Career . Born in Berlin , Loerzer was a prewar army officer who learned to fly in 1914 . Hermann Göring flew as Loerzer ' s observer from 28 October 1914 until late June 1915 . Transferring to fighters , Loerzer flew with two " Jagdstaffeln " in 1916 before joining Jagdstaffel 26 in January 1917 . By then he had scored two victories over French aircraft . His tally reached 20 victories at the end of October and he received the Pour le Mérite in February 1918 . The same month , he took command of the newly formed Jagdgeschwader III , the third of Germany ' s famed " flying circus es . " His aces included his brother Fritz , who claimed 11 victories . Leading Jasta 26 and three other squadrons , with Hermann Dahlmann ' s support as adjutant and wingman , Loerzer proved a successful wing commander . Equipped with the new BMW - engined Fokker D . VII , JG III cut a wide swath through Allied formations in the summer of 1918 , and his own score mounted steadily . He achieved his last ten victories in September when he reached his final score of 44 victories . Shortly before the armistice , he was promoted to Hauptmann ( captain ) . Loerzer illegally fought with the Freikorps from December 1918 until March 1920 , helping to create an atmosphere of chaos and lawlessness in Germany . He commanded FA 427 in the Baltic area , supporting the " Eiserne Division " in the tactical air role . During the 1930s he was a leader in various civil aviation organizations ( National Socialist Flying Corps : NSFK ) , and rejoined the Luftwaffe in 1935 with the rank of Oberst ( colonel ) . Loerzer benefited from his long friendship with Göring , becoming Inspector of Fighters with rank of major general in 1938 . During the early war years he was commander of II " Fliegerkorps " ( Air Corps ) , being awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes " ) in May 1940 . His II Air Corps participated in the invasion of Russia in the summer of 1941 , as a section of Kesselring ' s 2nd Air Fleet — in support of Fieldmarshall von Bock . His unit was transferred to Messina , Sicily in October 1941 , and he remained there until the middle of 1943 , when his section returned to the Italian mainland . Göring promoted Loerzer to Generaloberst in February 1943 and in June 1944 was chief of the National Socialist Leadership Branch of the Luftwaffe . He retired in April 1945 . Loerzer died in 1960 , at the age of 69 .
Titus Didius Titus Didius was a general and politician of the Roman Republic . He is credited with the restoration of the Villa Publica , and is notorious for his proconsulship in Hispania Citerior ( modern - day Spain ) . Titus Didius first held office in 103 BC as a Tribune of the Plebs . He is noted for attempting to veto Gaius Norbanus ’ s ( a fellow Tribune ) prosecution of Q . Servilius Caepio in the aftermath of the Battle of Arausio ( which resulted in him being driven off from the proceedings by force ) . Two years later he was elected a Praetor . During this time he fought in Macedon , defeating the Scordisci and earning his first triumph upon his return in 100 BC . In 98 BC Didius was elected Consul alongside Q . Caecilius Metellus Nepos . Along with restoring the Villa Publica , he enacted a law which disallowed combining two unrelated proposals in one bill . After his term as consul , Didius was assigned to govern the province of Hispania Citerior , where he served from 97 BC to 93 BC . Nearly his entire proconsular term in Spain was spent at war with the Celtiberi . In the four years Didius governed Spain he achieved multiple victories and is said to have slain 20 , 000 Arevaci , quelled the rebellious city of Termes ( today Tiermes in the province of Soria ) , and besieged Colenda for nine months , after which time the city fell and the women and children were sold into slavery . Didius earned another triumph after slaughtering of a colony of " robbers , " in actuality poor people who had banded together to subsist through banditry after losing their property . Didius lured them in with promises of land to live on , and when the families assembled within the Roman " castra " in good faith , he had them slaughtered . The historian Appian indicates that Didius ' s exceptional cruelty and treachery caused an even greater uprising which his experienced successor , G . Valerius Flaccus , had to put down . After concluding his service in Spain , Didius served as a legate in the Social War , under Lucius Julius Caesar in 90 BC , then Lucius Porcius Cato and Sulla in 89 BC . Shortly following a successful capture of Herculaneum , he died in battle June 11 , 89 BC .
Aduaneros The aduaneros ( lit . " customs officers " ) were a special military force created by Tomás de Zumalacárregui during the First Carlist War . They were entrusted with the levying of revenue for various consumer goods . During the first years of the war , they prohibited the export and import of goods to isolated barracks and fortified villages that had sided with the Liberal ( Isabeline ) cause . The aduaneros ' uniform included corduroy pants , jacket , and vest ; a flesh - colored corset ; blue beret with white tassel ; gray cloak ; and " alpargatas " , a sort of light sandal made of hemp . Their weapons included a bandolier and carbine . Mariano José de Larra wrote a satirical article about them called " " Nadie pase sin hablar con el portero " " ( " No one can pass without speaking first with the doorman . " ) .
Garford - Putilov Armoured Car Garford - Putilov armoured cars were a type of armoured fighting vehicle produced in Russia during the First World War era . They were built on the frames of Garford Motor Truck Co . lorries imported from the United States . Although considered to be a rugged and reliable machine by its users , the Garford - Putilov was severely underpowered . With a total weight of about 11 tons , and only a 30 hp engine , the vehicles had a top speed of approximately . The design was also overloaded ( top - heavy ) , and therefore had very limited ( if any ) off - road capability . Besides the countries that emerged from the ruins of the old Russian Empire , Garford - Putilov armoured cars were also deployed by German forces . The Germans captured several of the vehicles , and put them to some use towards the end of World War I , and post - Armistice in the " Freikorps " .
James Monroe ( New York politician ) James Monroe ( born in Albemarle County , Virginia , on September 10 , 1799 – September 7 , 1870 ) was an American politician who served as the United States Representative from New York ( 1839 – 1841 ) . He was the nephew of President James Monroe . Early life . Monroe was born to Ann and Andrew Augustune Monroe ( 1755 – 1826 ) , the older brother of his namesake and future president , James Monroe . Military service . Monroe graduated from the United States Military Academy ( West Point ) in 1815 and was assigned to the Artillery Corps . He served in the war with Algiers , and later as aide to General Winfield Scott from 1817 to 1822 . He was promoted to first lieutenant in the 4th Artillery in 1821 and served on garrison and commissary duty . In June 1832 , he was again appointed as General Scott ’ s aide for the Black Hawk War , but shortly afterward contracted cholera . He resigned his commission on September 30 , 1832 and moved to New York City . Political career . Monroe served as assistant alderman of New York City in 1832 , alderman 1833 - 1835 , and president of the board of aldermen in 1834 . He was elected as a Whig to the 26th United States Congress , holding office from March 4 , 1839 , to March 3 , 1841 . He was a member of the New York State Assembly ( New York Co . ) in 1850 and 1852 . Family . His family consisted of his wife , Eliza Douglas Monroe ( 1799 – 1852 ) , son William D . Monroe , and daughter Fanny ( 1826 – 1906 ) . Following his wife ' s death he retired from public life to Orange , New Jersey , where he died on September 7 , 1870 at age of 70 , days before his 71st birthday . He is interred at Trinity Church Cemetery in Manhattan .
Bombing of Chiba in World War II The was part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States of America against military and civilian targets and population centers during the Japan home islands campaign in the closing stages of World War II , and included two separate air raids in 1945 . The second , and larger , air raid of July 6 , 1945 is also referred to as the “ Tanabata Air Raid ” , as it occurred on the night of a traditional festival . Background . The city of Chiba was a seaport and population center on the eastern fringe of the Tokyo Metropolis . In terms of military significance , it was a prefectural capital and a major regional transportation hub . Its major military targets included a large steel mill operated by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and an aircraft plant operated by Hitachi Aircraft Company . The city had suffered minor damage on April 18 , 1942 when it was bombed by one of the B - 25 Mitchell bombers of the Doolittle Raid ; however , it was bypassed during the Great Tokyo Air Raid of March 10 , 1945 . Air raids . Air Raid of June 10 , 1945 . On the morning of June 10 , 1945 , 100 B - 29 Superfortress bombers attacked the Hitachi Aircraft plant in southern Chiba . This plant produced primarily training aircraft for the Imperial Japanese Navy , and aircraft engines , and was also involved in research and design work . The bombers arrived over target at 0745 , bombing by radar through cloud cover . The resultant bombing killed 324 civilians in central and southern Chiba , many of whom were children at the Chiba Prefectural Women ’ s High School , which was totally destroyed by the attack . Air Raid of July 6 , 1945 . On the night of July 6 , 1945 , 129 B - 29 Superfortress from the USAAF 58th Bombardment Wing departed from Saipan . Five aircraft were forced back , but the remaining 124 aircraft arrived over Chiba at 0139 hours and commenced a firebombing attack with 889 tons of E - 46 500 lbs incendiary cluster bombs and 500 lbs T4E4 fragmentation cluster bomb s on the central part of the city from an altitude of 9900 to 11 , 500 feet , lasting until 0305 hours . The E46 incendiary bombs were set to open at 5000 feet , releasing incendiary devices on the largely wooden city . The resultant firestorm destroyed 43 . 5 % of the city . The estimated civilian casualties in the July 6 raid was 1 , 204 killed . The B - 29 bombers returned to the Mariana Islands without damage or loss , although 14 aircraft were forced to divert to Iwo Jima due to mechanical problems . A year after the war , the United States Army Air Forces ' s Strategic Bombing Survey ( Pacific War ) reported that 43 . 5 percent of the city had been totally destroyed by both raids combined .
Armstrong Whitworth Ara The Armstrong Whitworth Ara was an unsuccessful British single - seat biplane fighter aircraft of the First World War built by Armstrong Whitworth . Design and development . In early 1918 , the British Air Ministry wrote RAF Specification Type 1 for a single - seat fighter to replace the Sopwith Snipe . The specified engine was the ABC Dragonfly , a new radial engine which had been ordered into productioon based on promised performance before any testing had been carried out . To meet this specification , Armstrong Whitworth ' s chief designer , Fred Murphy , produced the Armstrong Whitworth Ara , three prototypes being ordered . The Ara was a two - bay biplane . It had a square fuselage , the engine was covered in a pointed cowling , but with the cylinder heads exposed . The upper wing was low to give the pilot a better upwards view . As with the other fighters built to meet the Type 1 specification , the Dragonfly engine proved to be the Ara ' s undoing , demonstrating hopeless reliability . Two of the three prototypes were completed , the first flying in mid - 1919 . The Ara was abandoned towards the end of the year when Armstrong Whitworth closed down its aircraft department .
List of Soldier ' s Medal recipients This page contains a list of American military personnel who have received the United States Army ' s Soldier ' s Medal . The Soldier ' s Medal is presented to " any person of the Armed Forces of the United States or of a friendly foreign nation who , while serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States , distinguished himself or herself by heroism not involving actual conflict with an enemy . " . Since the Soldier ' s medal was established it has been received by approximately 18 , 500 soldiers . Soldier ' s Medal . September 11 attack on the Pentagon . In 2001 , the U . S . Army awarded 28 Soldier ' s Medals to personnel who risked their own lives to assist their comrades in the wake of the September 11 attack on the Pentagon .
USS Jaydee III ( SP - 692 ) USS " Jaydee III " ( SP - 692 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Jaydee III " was built in 1916 as a private motorboat of the same name by the Matthews Boat Company at Port Clinton , Ohio . On 19 May 1917 or in June 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owners - R . Talbot , J . C . Wright , Howard Wilson , and Irving Chapin , of Lincoln , Nebraska - for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Jaydee III " ( SP - 692 ) at Detroit , Michigan , on 12 June 1917 with Ensign P . Springer in command . Assigned to the 9th , 10th , and 11th Naval Districts - at the time a single administration entitiy created by the almagamation of the 9th Naval District , 10th Naval District , and 11th Naval District - and based at Detroit , " Jaydee III " served served as a patrol craft and shipping traffic regulator on the Detroit River for the rest of World War I . " Jaydee III " was returned to her owners on 7 March 1919 .