naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Sabine ( 1855 ) The first USS " Sabine " was a sailing frigate built by the United States Navy in 1855 . The ship was among the first ships to see action in the American Civil War . In 1862 , a large portion of the crew were volunteers from the " Sabine " . She was built at the New York Navy Yard . Her keel was laid in 1822 , but she was not launched until 3 February 1855 . During this period , she underwent various alterations , the most extensive being a lengthening of her hull by twenty feet . Built essentially from plans , she was commissioned on 23 August 1858 , Capt . Henry A . Adams in command . Service history . Paraguay Expedition and Home Fleet , 1858 – 1861 . Her first cruise took the frigate to Montevideo and Buenos Aires in October 1858 with the Paraguay expedition , a task force commanded by Flag Officer William B . Shubrick , after that country ' s firing on . She conveyed Commissioner Bowlin and served as flagship during the voyage to South America , but was not officially considered part of the expedition fleet , " as she was not designed to act against Paraguay , not being able to ascend the river " . The expedition won the United States an indemnity , an apology , and a renewed treaty . " Sabine " then operated out of New York with the Home Fleet until July 1861 . Civil War , 1861 – 1865 . Through July and August , she was out of commission at Portsmouth Navy Yard . Recommissioning on 30 August , she was ordered to join the Atlantic Blockading Squadron on 9 September . During the Civil War , " Sabine " was actively employed along the east coast searching for Confederate raiders . She participated in the relief and reinforcement of Fort Pickens , Florida , in April 1861 , under command of Capt . Adams ; the rescue of 500 marines and the crew of chartered troop transport " Governor " during a violent storm off South Carolina on 2 and 3 November 1861 ; the search for in March 1862 , after the ship - of - the - line had been badly damaged by a storm while sailing to Port Royal , South Carolina ; and the hunt for CSS " Alabama " in October 1862 and CSS " Tacony " in June 1863 . " Sabine " returned to New York for blockade duty with the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron until ordered in August 1864 to Norfolk , Virginia as a training ship for Navy apprentices and landsmen . Training ship , 1865 – 1877 . After the war , she was transferred to New London , Connecticut for the same purpose until 1868 . In 1867 , an apprentice on " Sabine " , Frank Du Moulin , was awarded the Medal of Honor for rescuing a crewmate who had fallen from the rigging into the water . In 1869 and 1870 , the ship conducted midshipman training cruises to European and Mediterranean ports . In 1871 " Sabine " was repaired at Boston ; and , from 1872 to 1876 , she served as a receiving ship at Portsmouth , New Hampshire . In 1877 , she was laid up until she was sold on 23 September 1883 at Portsmouth to J . L . Snow of Rockland , Maine .
Iraqi Light Armored Vehicle Iraqi Light Armored Vehicle or International Light Armored Vehicle is an armored fighting vehicle based on the Cougar and manufactured by Force Protection Industries , BAE Systems and General Dynamics . I Nicknamed the Badger , The ILAV is based on the Cougar , which can carry ten passengers ( the six wheel version can carry sixteen ) . The Cougar / ILAV vehicle uses a capsule design to protect the passengers and key vehicle components from mines and roadside bombs . The Badger itself costs about US $ 432 , 000 . Just like other MRAPS , the Badger can be outfitted with a robotic arm for the purpose of investigating possible IEDS and UXOs . Operational history . Iraqi Army . The Iraqi Army began to be equipped with the IFAV in 2007 and main user of the IFAV . The Iraqi Army Second Division was one of the first unit to receive the IFAV . Members if the Division stated that the IFAV will help provider improved protection for Soldiers of the Iraqi Army . The Eight Division received two IFAVs and training from the 555th Engineer Brigade in 2008 . Current Iraqi Army Engineers are being trained and equipped with the remote controlled arm variants . US Army . The ILAV was delivered to Fort Jackson in 2009 for training against IEDs . The ILAV is planned to be used in " Training the Trainer " program to help new operators safety drive US MRAPs . The Department of Defense currently restricts the use of the ILAV for training only because the armor does not meet DOD requirements to be deployed in field .
James B . Smith James B . Smith ( Brooks , Georgia , 1952 ) is the current United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia . Selected by President Barack Obama , he was sworn in on September 16 , 2009 . Professional career . Prior to his appointment , Ambassador Smith had served in a variety of executive positions with Raytheon Company involving corporate strategic planning , aircraft manufacturing , and international business development . Smith was a distinguished graduate of the United States Air Force Academy ’ s Class of 1974 and received the Richard I . Bong award as the Outstanding Cadet in Military History . He received his Masters in History from Indiana University in 1975 , and is also a distinguished graduate from the Naval War College , the Air Command and Staff College and the National War College . Smith spent a 28 year career in the United States Air Force . Trained as a fighter pilot , he logged over 4000 hours of flight time in F - 15s and T - 38s . He served around the world in a variety of operational assignments and flew combat missions from Dhahran AB during Operation Desert Storm . He commanded the 94th Fighter Squadron , the 325th Operations Group and the 18th Fighter Wing ( Kadena AB , Okinawa ) . In addition , he served in a variety of staff assignments involving coalition partners , and served as Air Force Chair and Professor of Military Strategy at the National War College . During his final assignment at U . S . Joint Forces Command , he led Millennium Challenge , the largest transformation experiment in history . He was promoted to Brigadier General in October , 1998 , and retired from the Air Force on October 1 , 2002 .
Treaty of Paris ( 1229 ) The Treaty of Paris , also known as Treaty of Meaux , was signed on April 12 , 1229 between Raymond VII of Toulouse and Louis IX of France in Meaux near Paris . Louis was still a minor and it was his mother Blanche of Castile who had been responsible for the treaty . The agreement officially ended the Albigensian Crusade in which Raymond conceded defeat to Louis IX . Based on the terms of the treaty , Raymond ' s daughter Joan was to be married to Louis ' brother Alfonso . Since Joan was Raymond ' s heir , this meant she and Alfonso would become the rulers of Toulouse on his death . Moreover , Raymond ceded the eastern provinces of his lands to Louis and the Marquisat de Provence to the Pope . Results . The treaty marks an end to Occitan political autonomy : Raymond ceded more than half his land to the King directly , and retained the remainder only during his life , as it would fall into royal hands after his death and the death of his son - in - law Alfonso . Raymond regained his feudal rights , but had to swear allegiance to Louis IX . Fortifications , such as those of Toulouse , were dismantled . Henceforth , Cathar s had no political protection , as Raymond and his subordinates as vassals of the King were ordered to hunt them down .
Denis Dempsey Denis Dempsey ( 1826 – 10 January 1896 ) born Rathmichael , Bray , County Wicklow and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was approximately 31 years old , and a private in the 1st Battalion , 10th Regiment of Foot ( later The Lincolnshire Regiment ) , British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 12 August 1857 at Lucknow , India for which he was awarded the VC : Further information . He later emigrated to Canada and died in Toronto on 10 January 1886 . He is buried in Saint Michael ' s Cemetery , Toronto . References . Listed in order of publication year
Takoradi European Public cemetery Takoradi European Public Cemetery is in Ghana ( previously known as The Gold Coast ) , situated to the north of Takoradi airport in Ghana . It lies on the Takoradi - Axim road approximately from the town centre next to the public cemetery . Burials here include two First World War Commonwealth graves as well as 64 from World War II . There are five war graves from other nationalities and 25 non world war graves . The names of South African Air Force burials , including 26 Squadron SAAF , are listed on the South Africa War Graves Project Website . The full list of commonwealth burials is to be found at the Commonwealth War Graves Commission .
Naval Intelligence Professionals Naval Intelligence Professionals ( NIP ) is a non - profit professional association incorporated to enhance awareness of the mission and vital functions of the United States naval intelligence community , as well as to foster camaraderie among naval intelligence professionals , founded in 1985 . It is an association of active duty , retired and reserve officers , enlisted personnel , and civilians who serve or have served within the Naval Intelligence community , as well as those in certain other categories who qualify as a nonvoting Subscriber . The goal of the Naval Intelligence Professionals is to further the knowledge of the art of maritime intelligence , and to provide a vehicle whereby present and former Naval Intelligence Professionals may be kept informed of developments in the Naval Intelligence community and of the activities and whereabouts of past shipmates . Naval Intelligence Foundation . In 1989 , they founded the Naval Intelligence Foundation ( NIF ) , a tax exempt , charitable and educational organization created for the sole purpose of soliciting , receiving , and administering funds and property in order to advance knowledge in the art of Naval and Maritime Intelligence , and to recognize and reward academic excellence and professional achievement in the field of Intelligence . NIF does not have a membership per se , but draws its support from the NIP membership and from other individual and corporate sponsors and supporters of Naval Intelligence . NIF sponsors and presents awards and scholarships as noted in " Naval Intelligence Foundation Programs " below .
ROKS Munmu the Great ( DDH - 976 ) ROKS " Munmu the Great " ( DDH - 976 ) is a in the South Korean navy . It was named after the Korean king Munmu of Silla . History . In March 2009 , " Munmu the Great " was sent overseas to protect merchant vessels from Somali pirates . On 28 May 2007 during firing exercise on the open sea near Jinhae one of the projectiles exploded inside the 127 mm gun barrel which has been replaced later .
No . 316 Polish Fighter Squadron No . 316 " City of Warsaw " Polish Fighter Squadron ( ) was a Polish fighter squadron formed in Great Britain as part of an agreement between the Polish Government in Exile and the United Kingdom in 1941 . It was one of several Polish fighter squadrons fighting alongside the Royal Air Force during World War II . History . No 316 Squadron was formed at Pembrey on 15 February 1941 as a Polish fighter unit equipped with Hawker Hurricane Mk . Is . It was engaged in defensive duties over south - west England until it re - equipped with Hurricanes Mk . IIs and began sweeps over northern France . It later re - equipped with the Spitfire and then Mustang aircraft .
The long peace The Long Peace is a term for the historical period following World War II . This period of " Cold War " was marked by the absence of major wars between the great powers of the period , the USA and the USSR . It is speculated that the obvious political errors leading to World War I and World War II with their subsequent horrors and , thereafter , the acquisition of thermonuclear weapons by the opposing powers of the United States and the Soviet Union exerted a restraining influence on the leaderships of the major powers . Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the rise of China as a major power , there followed two decades of continued absence of direct conflict between major states , though lesser military conflicts occurred . A phrase meant to express the length of the peace in Europe since 1945 is " It has been 2 , 000 years since an army has not crossed the Rhine for so long a time . "
Operation Checkmate ( Sri Lanka ) Operation Checkmate was an anti - insurgency operation carried out by the IPKF against the LTTE in the Vadamarachi area of northern Sri Lanka in June 1988 . Initiated immediately prior to the elections in the North eastern provinces , the aim of the operation was to destroys the Tigers ' capacity to hinder the electoral process , which they had called to boycott . It ended in an IPKF victory .
Army Aircrew Combat Uniform The Army Aircrew Combat Uniform ( A2CU ) is a two - piece flight suit in the universal camouflage pattern that offers the soldier protection from flash fires . The coat is similar to the ACU in design , with a stand - up collar featuring a front extension , shoulder patches , a front zipper , two inside hanging chest pockets with flaps ; adjustable waist ; two - piece set - in sleeves with elbow patches ; two sleeve utility pockets with flaps and Identification Friend or Foe ( IFF ) tabs ; and two lower sleeve pencil pockets with flaps . It can be worn with the Air Warrior Microclimate Cooling Vest . The trousers have nine pockets : two thigh pockets ; two calf pockets with external tool pockets ; one knife pocket with lanyard ( on the left thigh ) ; and two side hanging pockets . Pockets ( except for the side hanging pockets and the lower leg external tool pockets ) have flaps and zippers . The A2CU upgrades the current Improved Aviation Battle Dress Uniform protective clothing system and provides operational effectiveness , fit , suitability , and durability , addressing near - term Air Warrior requirements in the universal camouflage pattern . The A2CU is made of a blend of 92 percent Nomex , 5 percent Kevlar , and 3 percent anti - static dissipative fiber .
Light Tank V4 The Light Tank V4 was one of Nicholas Straussler ' s earlier armoured vehicle projects . The V4 had a cross - articulated three - point suspension with leaf springs and rubber bogie rollers . The V4 was actually used experimentally to develop pontoon devices for ferrying purposes . The tank remained in prototype form only .
Ernst Ludwig von Aster Ernst Ludwig von Aster ( October 5 , 1778 - February 10 , 1855 ) - Prussian , Saxon and Russian general . He took part in fortifying several fortresses , including in Cologne , Poznań and Königsberg . In his honor , in the Poznań Fortress and Koblenz Fortress have been given for forts names from surname " Aster " .
Dacia Ripensis Dacia Ripensis ( , English translation : " Dacia from the banks of the Danube " ) was the name of a Roman province ( part of Dacia Aureliana ) first established by Aurelian circa AD 283 , south of the Danube , after he withdrew from Dacia Traiana . History . It is unclear whether Aurelian or the Emperor Diocletian replaced Dacia Aureliana with two provinces , but by 285 , there were two – Dacia Mediterranea with its capital at " Serdica " and Dacia Ripensis , with its capital at " Ratiaria " . Later , these two " Dacias " along with Dardania , Lower Moesia , and Prevalitana constituted the Diocese of Dacia . Ratiaria was established as the capital of Dacia Ripensis ( it was previously a colony founded by Trajan located within Moesia Superior ) and served both as the seat of the military governor ( or dux ) and as the military base for the Roman legion XIII " Gemina " . According to Priscus , Dacia Ripensis was a flourishing province during the 4th and 5th centuries AD . During the early 440s , however , the Huns captured the province ( prior to this , there were conflicts between the Romans and the Huns whereby the latter group captured Castra Martis through treacherous means ) . Even though the province recovered briefly from Hunnic rule , it was eventually decimated by the Avars in 586 . On a more specific note , Aurelian developed Dacia Ripensis on a stretch of the Danube specifically between Moesia Superior and Moesia Inferior .
Bentley BR2 The Bentley BR . 2 was a British rotary aircraft engine developed during the First World War by the motor car engine designer W . O . Bentley from his earlier Bentley BR . 1 . Coming as it did near the end of the war , the BR . 2 was built in smaller numbers than the earlier BR . 1 – its main use being by the Royal Air Force in the early 1920s . Design and development . The initial variant of the BR . 2 developed , with nine cylinders measuring for a total displacement of 1 , 522 cubic inches ( 24 . 9 L ) . It weighed , only more than the BR . 1 . The Sopwith Snipe , selected as the standard single - seat fighter of the post - war RAF was designed around the BR . 2 – it was also used by the ground attack version of the Snipe , the Sopwith TF - 2 Salamander . This was the last type of rotary engine to be used by the RAF – later air - cooled aircraft engines being almost entirely of the fixed radial type . The BR . 2 represented the peak of rotary engine development . Engines on display . A Bentley BR . 2 is on public display in the Science Museum ( London ) , another forms part of the aero engine collection at the Royal Air Force Museum Cosford . A ¼ scale working replica of the Bentley BR . 2 World War I rotary aero engine built by Lewis Kinleside Blackmore is currently on display at the Bentley Memorial Building in Oxfordshire , UK . This was the first model built of this engine and is the subject also of a book by L K Blackmore .
Richard of Salerno Richard of Salerno ( 1060 – 1114 ) , who is not to be confused with his homonym cousin Richard of Hauteville , was a participant in the First Crusade and regent of the County of Edessa from 1104 to 1108 . Richard was born around 1060 , the third son of William of the Principate , a Norman count , and Mary , daughter of Guido , the Lombard duke of Sorrento . He was also one of the many nephews of Robert Guiscard and Roger I of Sicily and in his early life Richard participated with his two famous uncles to the conquest of Sicily . In 1097 , Richard joined his cousins , Bohemund of Taranto and Tancred , on the First Crusade . Richard and Tancred were notable for being among the few Crusaders who could speak Arabic , an ability doubtlessly learned during the wars in Sicily , which had a strong Arab presence . Anna Komnene relates that when Richard crossed the Adriatic Sea , his ship was attacked and captured by the Byzantine fleet , who had mistaken him for a pirate . He was soon released and joined the main Crusader army marching through Bulgaria and Hungary . Along with Tancred , Richard refused to swear an oath of fidelity to the Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus , preferring to cross the Bosphorus in secret . Richard was one of the commanders at the Battle of Dorylaeum in summer 1097 . 1098 , Richard and Tancred joined Bohemund at the siege of Antioch . Richard was among those captured with Bohemund in 1100 when ambushed by the Danishmends at the Battle of Melitene . From there Richard was sent to the emperor Alexius , who imprisoned him in Constantinople before he was finally released in 1103 . His cousin Tancred then appointed him governor of Edessa in the winter of 1104 , a city which he ruled until 1108 . He was bitterly hated by the citizens of Edessa for being ruthless and greedy . During this time , Richard also acted as a diplomat , traveling to France and Italy and arranging the marriage of Bohemund to the princess Constance of France . He was a witness of the 1108 Treaty of Devol . He also participated in the ultimately disastrous campaigns Bohemund waged against the emperor Alexius , but may have been secretly plotting with Alexius against Bohemund . After Bohemund ' s death in 1111 , Richard retired to Marash , where he died in the great earthquake of November 29 , 1114 . By his wife Altrude , daughter of Emma of Hauteville and Odo the Good Marquis , he had a son , Roger of Salerno , who was the regent of the Principality of Antioch . His daughter Maria married Joscelin I , Count of Edessa .
Emil Körner Emil Körner Henze ( 10 October 1847 , Wegwitz – 25 March 1920 , Berlin ) , sometimes called Emilio Körner in Spanish , was the Commander - in - chief of the Chilean Army with the rank of Inspector General from 1900 to 1910 . Army modernization plans in Chile . After the War of the Pacific , the Government of President Domingo Santa María estimated that the Army needed to modernize and organize like European armies , according to the experiences that the conflict had left . The government set their sights on Germany , whose military establishment after the wars against Austria and against France stood out in Europe . In addition , the Chilean government had already touched on the overall progress of the country , with the influx of German immigrants to Chile . Following the idea of implementing the German military model , the Chilean embassy in Berlin contracted the services of the Prussian artillery captain Emilio Körner in 1885 . Chilean Civil War and rise to commander - in - chief . When the Chilean Civil War exploded in 1891 , Körner sided with the Congress , which was only able to achieve control of the Chilean Navy while the Army , excepting several officers , sided President José Manuel Balmaceda . Partly due to his advices and actions during the Chilean Civil War , Emil Körner reached the rank of commander - in - chief of the Army in 1900 .
Durg - class corvette The " Durg class " corvettes of the Indian Navy were customized variants of the Soviet Navy Nanuchka class corvette s . Three vessels of this class served in the Indian Navy , where they formed the 21st Missile Vessel Squadron ( K21 ) . " Durg " class vessels take their names from famous historical forts in India . The " Durg " class is also known as the " Nanuchka II " class . Some design improvements made for the " Durg class " were incorporated into the Soviet " Nanuchka III " class , commissioned into the Soviet Navy in the 1980s , some of which are still in service with the Russian Navy as of 2009 . The " Durg " class was primarily intended for coastal patrol and defence . They were the first class of vessels in the Indian Navy to primarily rely on surface - to - air missile s and anti - ship missile s for defence .