naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Type 11 70 mm Infantry Mortar The Type 11 70 mm infantry mortar , was a muzzle - loading , rifled bore infantry mortar used by the Japan ese . The Type 11 designation was given to this gun as it was accepted in the 11th year of Emperor Taishō ' s reign ( 1922 ) . It was first used in 1922 and was the first mortar to be introduced by the Imperial Japanese Army . The mortar was later replaced by the Type 92 Battalion Gun . Design . The Model 11 ( 1922 ) 70 - mm mortar is exceptional among Japanese mortars in that , although a muzzle - loading weapon , it has a rifled bore . The Japanese marking is " 11th Year Model High - Angle Infantry Gun . " A monopod , similar to the support of the U . S . 4 . 2 - inch chemical mortar , is another outstanding feature . Total weight of the weapon is , of which pounds represent the weight of the base plate . The traverse of the piece is 410 mils ( 23 degrees ) , and its elevation is 661 to 1 , 370 mils ( 37 to 77 degrees ) . A gunner ' s quadrant is used to lay in the weapon . It has a level vial , actuated by a knob , a movable arm , and a fixed elevation scale . The elevation scale is graduated in half - degree units from 0 to 55 degrees . The movable arm has a vernier scale which permits readings of 1 / 16th degree . Before the weapon can be fired , by means of a lanyard attached to a striker arm , a latch pin on the breech end of the tube must be set in its recess . Ammunition . The complete high explosive ( HE ) round consists of a fuze , the shell body , and the propellant charge assembly . The fuze is a point - detonating type , consisting of a two - piece brass body , a booster cup , a detonator holder , and a washer . The steel shell body is threaded at the top to receive the fuze assembly , and at the bottom to accommodate the propellant charge assembly . It is marked with a white band near the base , indicating the body of the shell is made of high grade steel and a red band at the nose , indicating it is filled with black powder . The propellant charge assembly consists of the percussion cap , the propellant powder , and an expanding copper rotating band . The propellant charge is ignited when the firing pin hits the percussion cap . The propellant gases expand the copper rotating band against the rifling in the interior of the barrel ; the rifling causes the projectile to rotate and thus increases the accuracy of its flight . The projectile is long and inches in diameter ; the complete round weighs . The 70mm mortar was also used to launch an unusual AA Mine Discharger shell .
2nd Corps of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina The 2nd Corps was one of five , later seven corps in the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina established in early 1992 . History . Just like the 1st Corps , the 2nd Corps was established early in 1992 . This corps along with the 5th Corps had more success than the other Corps . Operational zones . The 2nd Corps was responsible for the following districts : Tuzla ( where were the headquarters of the corps ) , Doboj , Bijeljina , Srebrenica , Žepa , Zvornik . Units . The 2nd Corps had 8 operational groups : Equipment . Arms Main battle tank . Helicopter
BAE Systems Maritime – Submarines BAE Systems Maritime – Submarines , known as BAE Systems Submarine Solutions until January 2012 , is a wholly owned subsidiary of BAE Systems , based in Barrow - in - Furness , Cumbria , England , and is responsible for the development and production of submarine s . It operates one of the few shipyards in the world capable of designing and building nuclear submarines , which has constructed all but three of the Royal Navy ' s nuclear - powered submarines since the commissioning of HMS " Dreadnought " in 1963 . The exceptions were HMS " Conqueror " , HMS " Renown " and HMS " Revenge " , which were built by Cammell Laird . The Barrow - in - Furness shipyard has also been building submarines since the " Abdül Hamid " was launched for the Ottoman Navy in 1886 and the for the Royal Navy was launched in 1901 . The shipyard was formerly operated by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering ( VSEL ) . Upon the creation of BAE Systems in 1999 , the submarine division became part of BAE Systems Marine . As part of BAE Systems Marine , the yard constructed surface ship s , such as the s . In 2003 however the company was split into BAE Systems Submarines and BAE Systems Naval Ships , with Barrow ceasing surface ship construction . Since its completion in 1986 , submarines at Barrow are constructed inside the Devonshire Dock Hall ( DDH ) . The company is currently constructing the , a new generation nuclear attack submarine ( SSN ) for the Royal Navy , the first of which was launched on 8 June 2007 . The order for the initial batch of three ships was placed in 1997 , with Marconi Marine ( VSEL ) , which was absorbed into BAE Systems in 1999 . BAE Systems Maritime – Submarines is also currently studying the design of a new class of ballistic missile submarines .
Chester R . Davis Chester R . Davis ( February 27 , 1896 – July 31 , 1966 ) was an American businessman , born in St . Charles , Illinois . He worked at the Ziegler Coal Company , and served in the 320th Infantry during World War I . He attended Lake Forest College and the University of Illinois . Immediately after graduating from UI , he became an assistant trust officer at the Chicago Title and Trust Company , where he was elected director and vice - president on 1939 - 01 - 10 . On 1955 - 02 - 19 he was nominated by President of the United States Dwight D . Eisenhower for the position of Assistant Secretary of the Army ( Financial Management and Comptroller ) . The U . S . Senate Armed Services Committee approved the nomination on 1955 - 03 - 04 . Davis served for two years as Assistant Secretary , during which he developed a plan for medical and hospital care for the armed forces . For his " lasting contributions " he was decorated in 1956 - 12 - 12 . He resigned from that position on 1957 - 12 - 15 . After his resignation from government service he returned to Chicago , where in February 1957 he had been appointed to a subcommittee of the " Committee of 49 " , a citizen ' s advisory committee that had been appointed by the Chicago Welfare Council . He had already served on a similar committee in 1952 , to consider the affairs of the county hospital . At the time , he was a Republican . He retired from Chicago Title and Trust in 1961 . In 1963 , he was named vice - president of the Association of the United States Army . Davis died in 1966 of a heart attack in his home in Wayne , Illinois .
Camp Dawson ( West Virginia ) Camp Dawson is a West Virginia Army National Guard facility in Preston County , West Virginia , USA . Camp Dawson was established on May 7 , 1909 when the West Virginia Legislature authorized the purchase of of land on Dunkard Bottom along the Cheat River . The camp was named in honor of William M . O . Dawson , a native of Preston County , who had served as governor of the state from 1905 - 1908 . Troops first trained at Camp Dawson during that summer and continued until the entry of the U . S . into World War I in 1917 . The camp was not used again until 1928 when it was reestablished as a training site for the West Virginia State Militia . Units trained regularly at the camp until the outbreak of World War II at which time the state government leased the camp for use as a prisoner of war facility . Since the original land purchase , six additional tracts have been acquired by the installation bringing the total acreage to . Training opportunities that are unique to the site and its environs , such as the very rugged local terrain , have attracted U . S Army units and sister military services ( both Active and Reserve ) for many years . Dawson Army Airfield . The first airfield at Camp Dawson , Dawson Army Airfield , was constructed in the early 1970s on the left - descending bank of the Cheat River across from the Camp Dawson base . By 1976 , this was replaced with the current airfield on the right - descending bank just south of the main base .
James H . Doyle James Henry Doyle ( 1897 – 1982 ) was Vice Admiral for the United States Navy . During the Korean War he commanded the U . S . Navy , Marines , and Army forces of Amphibious Group 1 , and was personally responsible for the execution of the amphibious phase of the Battle of Inchon in 1950 . Admiral Doyle ’ s naval attack force put 13 , 000 Marines ashore on a coastline , together with all their heavy weapons and equipment . Biography . Doyle was born in Jamaica , Queens in 1897 . He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1919 . He received a J . D . with distinction from George Washington University Law School in 1929 . During World War II he was awarded the Legion of Merit for actions during the Solomon Islands campaign . He died in 1982 .
Stepan Kretov Stepan Ivanovich Kretov ( ; December 25 , 1919 - January 19 , 1975 ) was a Soviet military aviator . He was made a Hero of the Soviet Union on two occasions ( March 13 , 1944 and February 23 , 1948 ) . Colonel Kretov was awarded two Orders of Lenin , two Orders of the Red Banner , Order of the Red Star , and numerous medal s . Biography . Stepan Kretov was born into a peasant family in Malaya Nichka in the Russian SFSR . After completing middle school in Minusinsk , he trained at an agricultural college in Kansk . From 1939 - 1940 , Kretov completed primary airforce training at Balashov Air School . During World War II , Kretov served in long - range bomber units , flying his first combat mission in June 1941 . By the beginning of 1944 , captain Kretov ' s citation for the title of Hero of Soviet Union listed 336 combat missions , 60 enemy airplanes destroyed on the ground and 10 in the air . On eight occasions , Kretov bailed out from damaged airplanes , including ditching into Azov Sea after a raid on Kerch in December 1943 . He flew his last mission of that war over Berlin on May 2 , 1945 . After postgraduate military education from 1950 - 1958 Kretov transferred to emerging Strategic Rocket Forces ; he trained cadets in Rostov and Moscow military colleges until his retirement in 1974 . He was buried at Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow .
HS - 10 Warhawks Helicopter Anti - Submarine Squadron 10 ( HS - 10 ) is a United States Navy helicopter anti - submarine squadron based at Naval Air Station North Island , San Diego , California . Helicopter Anti - Submarine Squadron 10 ( HS - 10 ) , a shore - based unit of Helicopter Anti - Submarine Wing , U . S . Pacific Fleet , was commissioned on 30 June 1960 at NALF Imperial Beach , California . HS - 10 was relocated to Naval Air Station North Island , San Diego , California on 23 December 1976 . HS - 10 ' s mission is to indoctrinate and train pilots , aircrew , and maintenance personnel in carrier based rotary - wing anti - submarine warfare ( ASW ) aircraft . Since its commissioning , the squadron has trained more than 2 , 000 pilot , 2 , 000 aircrew , and 6 , 450 maintenance personnel in the operation , tactics , and maintenance of Sikorsky SH - 3 " Sea King " helicopters . HS - 10 closed its chapter on the SH - 3H helicopter with more than 70 , 000 mishap - free flight hours when the last students completed in June 1989 . The squadron immediately began operations with the Navy ' s newest aircraft , the Sikorsky SH - 60F " Seahawk , " a derivative of the successful Army UH - 60 " Blackhawk . " On 1 October 1989 , HS - 10 assumed the challenge of being the first SH - 60F Fleet Replacement Squadron . In 1990 , the long - standing squadron nickname of " Taskmasters " was replaced with " Warhawks , " illustrating the renewed commitment to training the best and brightest for battle in the newest of " Hawks . " Since that time HS - 10 transitioned eight entire fleet HS squadrons in addition to the normal replacement pilot / aircrew load . Additionally , the Warhawks have provided training for Navy Helicopter Combat Squadrons ( HCS ) , U . S . Coast Guard personnel in their initial transition to the HH - 60J " Jayhawks , " and pilots from Germany ' s Naval Air Arm . As of 23 September 1994 , with the disestablishment of HS - 12 at Naval Air Field Atsugi , Japan , the " Foxtrot , " as the SH - 60F ahs come to be known , has completely replaced the SH - 3H in the Pacific Fleet . In addition to providing training support for numerous organizations , HS - 10 has a secondary role of Search and Rescue . In its 38 year history , HS - 10 has successfully completed more than 100 rescues of both civilian and military personnel along the coast of Southern California . Tactics development and evaluation has been a natural role for HS - 10 , as most of the permanently assigned personnel have significant fleet experience in the ASW and Combat Search and Rescue ( CSAR ) mission areas . This expertise has been , and will continue to be , instrumental in the development of SH - 60F training plans and tactical procedures for the fleet ' s operational carrier battle groups . As the armed forces experience a period of downsizing , the capability to effectively operate in the " joint " and " combined " arenas is even more critical . To this end , HS - 10 forged ahead with exchange instructor pilots from the U . S . Air Force , Canada , Australia , and Germany . The U . S . Navy disestablished HS - 10 on July 13 , 2012 .
7 . 5 cm Gebirgskanone Model 1911 The 7 . 5 cm Gebirgskanone Model 1911 was a mountain gun manufactured for export in 1911 by the German firm Erhardt . Nine batteries were sold to Norway . During the 1940 Norwegian campaign , a number of these were captured by the Germans , who designated them 7 . 5 cm GebK 247 ( n ) . The crew was protected by an armoured shield .
Provisional Constitutional Order A Provisional Constitutional Order , or PCO , is an extra - constitutional order that suspends either wholly or partially the Constitution of Pakistan . It provides a temporary constitution while the actual constitution is held in abeyance or suspension . Provisional Constitutional Order of 1981 . The first Provisional Constitutional Order in the history of Pakistan was declared by General Zia ul Haq on March 24 , 1981 . Higher judiciary was asked to take oath of office under the PCO . In the Supreme Court of Pakistan , only Justice Dorab Patel and Justice Fakhruddin G . Ebrahim declined . They were asked to tender their resignation , which they did . Provisional Constitutional Order of 1999 . The second PCO in the history of Pakistan was declared by General Pervez Musharraf on October 14 , 1999 , immediately after a coup d ' etat . The PCO was also accompanied by a declaration of a state of emergency . The members of the judiciary were required to take oath under the PCO , and concerns were raised that this would " erode the independence of the judiciary " . Provisional Constitutional Order of 2007 . In 2007 , another Provisional Constitutional Order was issued by General Pervez Musharraf . The PCO was issued on November 3 , 2007 and later amended on November 15 , 2007 . It was lifted on December 16 , 2007 .
Dental Branch The Royal Canadian Dental Corps is a personnel branch of the Canadian Armed Forces ( CAF ) . The Royal Canadian Dental Corps and the Royal Canadian Medical Service are formations of the Canadian Forces Health Services Group ( CF H Svcs Gp ) within the Military Personnel Command reporting to the Chief of Military Personnel . Unification . When the Army , Royal Canadian Navy , and Royal Canadian Air Force were merged in 1968 to form the Canadian Forces , the Royal Canadian Dental Corps and Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps were deactivated and merged with their Naval and Air Force counterparts to form the Dental Branch ( Canadian Forces ) and the Royal Canadian Medical Service of the Canadian Forces Health Services Group ( CF H Svcs Gp ) .
Tokubetsu - keibi - tai ( Navy ) The was the Imperial Japanese Navy ' s military police , they were equivalent to the Imperial Japanese Army ' s " Kempeitai " . They were also the smallest military police service . The original " Tokkeitai " was known as the General Affairs Section and concerned itself with police and personnel work within the Navy : personnel , discipline and records . It took a more active role , partly to keep the " Kempeitai " and Army from meddling in Navy affairs . Smaller and more low - key than its rival , it was no less brutal . It was especially active in the areas of the South Pacific , the Naval Control Area , as well as maintaining a presence as pervasive as the " Kempeitai " had . It had the same ' commissar ' roles , in relation to exterior enemies or suspicious persons , and watching inside units for possible defectors or traitors , under the security doctrine of " " Kikosaku " " . Attached to Navy units , they served as Colonial police in some occupied Pacific areas . Later accusations of war crimes were made against them in that role for such acts as coercion of women from Indonesia , Indochina and China into sexual slavery . In addition to the aforementioned police responsibilities the Tokkeitai was the operative branch of the Secret Service Branch of the Imperial Japanese Navy ( which was responsible for recovering and analyzing information and for the execution of undercover operations . Its members also provided local security near naval base s . In the final weeks of the Pacific War , they were amongst the security units prepared for combat against the invasion of Japan .
Ronald J . Kurth Ronald James Kurth ( born July 1 , 1931 ) is a retired rear admiral of the United States Navy . His career included service in the Cold War and Vietnam War . A naval aviator and Russia n area studies scholar fluent in the Russian language , he served on diplomatic posts in Moscow and on the staff of the Chief of Naval Operations and was President of the Naval War College . Naval career . Kurth was born in Madison , Wisconsin and graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1954 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering . He qualified as a naval aviator and later flew missions over Vietnam during the Vietnam War . A Russian area studies scholar , Kurth earned his Master ' s Degree in public administration and his doctorate in political science of the Soviet Union and Russia at Harvard University – where he was a teaching fellow in American National Government – and taught the Russian language as an instructor at the U . S . Naval Academy . He served as U . S . naval attaché in Moscow from 1975 to 1977 , followed by one year as Military Fellow at the Council of Foreign Relations from 1977 to 1978 . He served in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations from 1981 to 1983 as Director , Politico - Military Policy and Current Plans Division , and from 1983 to 1984 as Director of Long Range Planning . He returned to Moscow as U . S . defense attaché from 1985 to 1987 . On 11 August 1987 , Kurth became the 45th President of the Naval War College in Newport , Rhode Island , overseeing senior education and wargaming for the Navy . During his presidency , he testified before the United States Congress about the effect on military education of the Goldwater - Nichols Act , conceived the idea that would lead to the accreditation of the college to grant Master ' s Degrees , and began a long - term effort to construct a new building for the college . Kurth retired from the Navy at the conclusion of his Naval War College presidency on 17 July 1990 after 36 years of service . Retirement . In retirement , Kurth has remained active in academia . He was president of Murray State University in Murray , Kentucky , from 1990 to 1994 , Dean of Academic Affairs at the Air War College in Montgomery , Alabama , from 1994 to 1998 , and president of St . John ' s Northwestern Military Academy in Delafield , Wisconsin , from July 1998 to 2005 . More recently , he has taught at the University of North Florida in Jacksonville , Florida .
Gotthard Frantz Gotthard Frantz ( 5 May 1888 – 21 January 1973 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Luftwaffe during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Gotthard Frantz was captured by American forces at the end of the Tunisia Campaign on 13 May 1943 . He was held until February 1945 when he was released due to ill health . He was later captured by Soviet troops in April and held until 1949 .
Peshawar Air Station Peshawar Air Station is a former Central Intelligence Agency - United States Air Force Security Service listening post , used by the 6937th Communications Group from 1958 until January 7 , 1970 , when the facility was formally closed . It was located in Badaber , a remote area about south of the city of Peshawar , Pakistan . History . U2 Incident . Peshawar Air Station was used as the communication station for the ill - fated May 1 , 1960 , flight of a Lockheed U - 2 spy plane , piloted by Gary Powers , which was shot down over the Soviet Union . Afghan War . The former station was later used as a training camp for Afghan mujahideen as part of Operation Cyclone , a CIA - run program to train and arm Afghan mujahideen to fight against the Soviet Union and the Soviet - supported Republic of Afghanistan ( RA ) in the Soviet war in Afghanistan , 1979 to 1989 . It was the site of the Badaber Uprising of 1985 , an armed uprising by Soviet and RA prisoners of war held captive at the camp . Current . Currently , the site is known as PAF Camp Badaber , housing Pakistan Air Force ' s Fazaia Model School .
First Bull Run Union order of battle The following units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Bull Run on the Union side . The Confederate order of battle is shown separately . Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the battle and the reports . Army of Northeastern Virginia . BG Irvin McDowell , Commanding General Staff :
R - Darter The R - Darter is an beyond visual range ( BVR ) air - to - air missile guided by an active radar homing seeker . It was designed and manufactured by the South African firm Kentron , now known as Denel Dynamics . The South African air - to - air missile program benefited from cooperation with Israel during the 1980s and the R - Darter is very similar to the Python " Derby " . Service . The missile armed the South African Air Force ' s Cheetah C fighter aircraft and was withdrawn from service when those were retired in 2008 . The SAAF has not yet publicly announced which BVR missile will be procured to equip the 26 Saab JAS 39 Gripen s which have replaced the Cheetahs . The Brazilian Air Force is said to be evaluating the R - Darter for use with their F5 fighters since Denel will be selling the missiles used for the test at a low price , as they are nearing the end of their shelf - life . It was reported in 2010 that the R - Darter is being operated by the Pakistan Air Force .
Roy Hoffmann Rear Admiral Roy F . " Latch " Hoffmann , U . S . Navy ( retired ) is Chairman of Swift Boat Veterans for Truth , established May 4 , 2004 , in opposition to John Kerry ' s candidacy for U . S . President . As a naval officer , he patrolled the Mekong Delta on swift boats during the Vietnam War . In an article for " Salon " , Joe Conason described Hoffmann as " a cigar - chomping former Vietnam commander once described as ' the classic body - count guy ' who ' wanted hooches destroyed and people killed . ' " Following his retirement from the Navy , he was a port director in Milwaukee , Wisconsin before being removed from the post . Hoffmann claimed he got involved with the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth after reading Douglas Brinkley ' s book " Tour of Duty , " which , among other things , detailed Kerry ' s Swift Boat duty in Vietnam ; he told Washington Post , " I couldn ' t bear that someone was betraying us and being a dastardly liar . If I can be any more plain than that , I don ' t know . "