naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Index of military science and technology articles Military science is the study of the technique , psychology , practice and other phenomena which constitute war and armed conflict . It strives to be a scientific system that if properly employed , will greatly enhance the practitioner ' s ability to prevail in an armed conflict with any adversary . To this end , it is unconcerned whether that adversary is an opposing military force , guerrillas or other irregulars , or any adversary who knows of or utilizes military science in response . This is a of military science topics covered on Wikipedia : " See also : " List of basic military science and technology topics A . Armour - Artillery - Aviation , Military - Aircraft , Military C . Communications , Military D . Doctrine , Military - Medieval siege weaponry E . Education , Military - Equipment , Military F . Fortifications G . Geography , Military - H . History , Military - M . Martial arts - Mêlée O . Organisation , Military - S . Siege weaponry , Medieval - Strategy , Military T . Training , Military - Technology , Military V . Vehicles , Military
Gordon Hubback Vice Admiral Sir ( Arthur ) Gordon ( Voules ) Hubback KBE CB ( 11 September 1902 – 25 August 1970 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Fourth Sea Lord . Naval career . Educated at the Royal Naval College , Osborne and the Royal Naval College , Dartmouth , Hubback served in World War II at the Plans Division at the Admiralty where he helped plan the Norwegian Campaign . After serving in various ships from 1940 , he was appointed Commanding Officer of HMS " Gregale " in March 1943 . In July of that year he joined the staff of the Commander - in - Chief , Eastern Fleet and in July 1944 he became Assistant Director of Plans at the Admiralty . After the War he was given command of the cruiser HMS " Glasgow " before being appointed Commodore Superintendent at Malta in 1947 and then Commodore at the Royal Naval Barracks at Lee - on - the - Solent in 1950 . He went on to be Admiral Superintendent at HM Naval Base Portsmouth in 1951 , Director of Dockyards at the Admiralty in 1954 and Fourth Sea Lord in 1958 . In retirement he became Managing Director of the newly privatised Bailey ' s Dockyard in Malta .
George W . Baxter George White Baxter ( January 7 , 1855 – December 18 , 1929 ) was an American politician who served as territorial governor of Wyoming from November 11 , 1886 – December 20 , 1886 . Early years . Baxter was born in North Carolina on January 7 , 1855 , the son of Judge John Baxter and Orra Alexander Baxter . When he was two years old , Baxter ' s family moved to Knoxville , Tennessee , where he lived much of his life . Baxter attended university in Knoxville but later continued his education at the United States Military Academy at West Point . He left Knoxville and enrolled at West Point in 1873 and graduated in 1877 . After graduating he was commissioned a second lieutenant and he served in the Third United States Cavalry for three years . Baxter arrived in Wyoming in 1881 after leaving the Army . Political career . On November 11 , 1886 Baxter was appointed the governor of the then - U . S . territory of Wyoming by President Grover Cleveland . He replaced Francis E . Warren , who faced scrutiny for his business dealings . Baxter ' s time as governor was short - lived , however ; he served in the position until only December 20 , 1886 . He resigned the office and was replaced , temporarily by the Secretary of the Territory , Elliot S . N . Morgan . Baxter returned to politics in 1889 , serving as a delegate to the Wyoming Constitutional Convention . Later , in 1890 , he made an unsuccessful run for governor of Wyoming . He returned to Knoxville in 1892 and entered private business . Death . Baxter died in New York City in 1929 .
NSGA Kunia Naval Security Group Activity Kunia ( NSGA Kunia ) was officially commissioned November 14 , 1980 , at Wheeler Army Airfield serve as an integral member of the worldwide U . S . communications network , and to provide radio relay and secure communications for the defense of the U . S . and its allies . NSGA Kunia provided cryptologic personnel , information , communications , and engineering installation services to support Pacific Theater and National warfare requirements . NSGA Kunia provided host support services to the Kunia Regional Security Operations Center . Marine Cryptologic Support Battalion ( formerly Marine Support Battalion ) Company I was co - located with NSGA Kunia , and still resides at Schofield Barracks . U . S . Naval Security Group Activity ( NSGA ) Kunia and the U . S . Naval Security Group Activity ( NSGA ) Pearl Harbor merged commands in a ceremony September 30 , 2004 at the USS Nevada Memorial , in Pearl Harbor , HI . NSGA Pearl Harbor was officially disestablished , and the U . S . Naval Security Group Activity ( NSGA ) Hawaii was commissioned .
South - West Asia Service Medal The South - West Asia Service Medal ( ) is a campaign medal created in 2002 by the Canadian monarch - in - Council to recognize members of the Canadian Forces who had directly participated in efforts to combat terrorism in Southwest Asia following the Al - Qaeda attacks on the United States in 2001 . It is , within the Canadian system of honours , the fifth highest of the war and operational service medals . Design . Designed by Carl Gauthier and Fraser Herald Cathy Bursey - Sabourin , the South - West Asia Service Medal is in the form of a diameter nickel plated gunmetal disc with , on the obverse , the Latin words " ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA " ( Elizabeth II , by the Grace of God , Queen ) and , separated by maple leaves , " CANADA " , all surrounding an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II wearing the George IV State Diadem , symbolizing her roles as both fount of honour and Commander - in - Chief of the Canadian Forces . On the reverse is a depiction of the Lernaean Hydra transfixed by a Canadian sword , all circumscribed by the words " ADVERSUS MALUM PUGNAMUS " ( we are fighting evil ) . This medallion is worn at the left chest , suspended on a 31 . 8mm wide ribbon coloured with vertical stripes in tan ( representing the theatre of operations ) , red ( recalling the blood spilled on 11 September 2001 ) , and black ( evoking the shock of the attacks on New York and Washington ) , symmetrically flanking a white central stripe ( indicating peace ) . Should an individual already possessing a South - West Asia Service Medal be awarded the medal bar for combat service , he or she is granted a clasp in nickel plated gunmetal with raised edges and bearing the word " AFGHANISTAN " for wear on the ribbon from which the original medal is suspended . Eligibility and allocation . On 6 August 2002 , Queen Elizabeth II , on the advice of her under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien , created the South - West Asia Service Medal to recognize members of the Canadian Forces who had provided support in the War in Afghanistan . To qualify for the medal , individuals had to have served in operations conducted in Southwest Asia for at least 90 days after 11 September 2001 , and those who for a minimum of 30 days engaged in direct combat with the enemy in the theatre of war ( which included Afghanistan , Bahrain , Kuwait , Qatar , the United Arab Emirates , the Persian Gulf , Gulf of Oman , Arabian Sea , Gulf of Aden , Red Sea , Suez Canal , and north - western parts of the Indian Ocean ) were entitled to receive the additional medal bar ; in total , 7 , 497 medals were issued , along with 7 , 200 bars .
1st Composite Mounted Brigade The 1st Composite Mounted Brigade was a formation of the British Army in World War I . It was formed by the 2nd Mounted Division during the Gallipoli Campaign on 4 September 1915 by absorbing the 1st South Midland , 1st South Midland and 5th Mounted Brigade s . The brigade was dissolved on return to Egypt in December 1915 . Formation . Due to losses during the Battle of Scimitar Hill and wastage during August 1915 , the 2nd Mounted Division had to be reorganised . On 4 September 1915 , the 1st Composite Mounted Brigade was formed from 1st ( 1st South Midland ) , 2nd ( 2nd South Midland ) and 5th ( Yeomanry ) Mounted Brigade s . Each dismounted brigade formed a battalion sized unit : The brigade was commanded by Br - Gen E . A . Wiggin , former commander of the 1st South Midlands Mounted Brigade . The 2nd Composite Mounted Brigade was formed at the same time with the 3rd and 4th Regiments . Dissolved . The brigade left Suvla on 31 October 1915 for Mudros . It left Mudros on 27 November , arrived Alexandria on 1 December and went to Mena Camp , Cairo . Each regiment had left a squadron headquarters and two troop s ( about 100 officers and men ) in Egypt to look after the horses . The 1st South Midland , 2nd South Midland and Yeomanry Mounted Brigades were reformed on 1 December and the 1st Composite Mounted Brigade passed out of existence .
List of frigates of the United States Navy This is a list of frigate s of the United States Navy , sorted by hull number . It includes all of the hull classification symbol s FF and FFG . Prior to the 1975 ship reclassification , ships that are now classified as FF or FFG were classified as DE or DEG ( destroyer escort ) . The FFG - 7 class frigates are slowly being removed from active duty in the Navy , to be eventually replaced by the Littoral Combat Ship . For age - of - sail era frigates , see List of sailing frigates of the United States Navy . For PF ( Patrol Frigate ) ships , see List of patrol vessels of the United States Navy . Bronstein class FF . 2 ships : 1963 Garcia class FF . 10 ships : 1964 to 1968 Knox class FF . 46 ships : 1969 to 1974 Glover class AGFF . 1 ship : 1965 Brooke class FFG . 6 ships : 1966 to 1988 Oliver Hazard Perry class FFG . 51 ships : 1977 to 1989
Włodzimierz Zagórski ( general ) Włodzimierz Zagórski of Ostoja coat of arms ( January 21 , 1882 in Saint - Martin - Lantosque , France – fate unknown , killed ( August 6 / 7 ? 1927 ) was an Austro - Hungary military intelligence soldier , Polish general , staff officer , aviator . He was born in France in a noble family that was part of the Clan of Ostoja and was educated there . He spoke fluently several languages and was trained as a pilot at the very beginnings of the aviation . Served as a military intelligence officer ( Evidenzbureau ) in the Austro - Hungarian army as an officer responsible for the activities against Russia . During the years of 1914 – 1916 he was a chief of staff of Polish Legions . Since November 1918 in Polish Armed Forces . He took part in the Battle of Warsaw against the Soviet invader in 1920 under the command of general Rozwadowski . His informant was Józef Piłsudski then Russian Empire citizen . In 1921 - 1923 he was in reserve , then from March 1923 he was chief of Military Industry Department . From 17 August 1924 until 18 March 1926 he was chief of Air Force Department in the War Ministry . An important figure in the development of the Polish air force , he was accused of mismanagement and corruption centered around the " Francopol " company , as a result of press campaign . During the May 1926 " coup d ' état " , on the orders of general Tadeusz Jordan - Rozwadowski , Zagórski took command of the Warsaw Air Group from Ludomił Rayski on May 12 and decided to use the airplanes against the forces of Józef Piłsudski . Arrested on May 15 , 1926 in Warsaw with four other generals , who during the Piłsudski armed coup took the side of the legal government , and imprisoned in Wilno . As he was a skilled pilot himself , he was also falsely accused of personally flying on missions to bomb the Piłsudski soldiers . General Włodzimierz Zagórski was finally released from prison in Wilno on August 6 , 1927 . Escorted by younger officers , he travelled by train to Warsaw , but disappeared soon after arrival . Press speculation abounded , but in the end he was never seen again , nor his body ever found . Some argued that the former intelligence officer was able to disappear fearing the trial in the " Francopol " affair ; others alleged that Zagórski was murdered on the orders of Józef Piłsudski , but none of this has ever been proved . The fact remains that neither before nor after his death any charges were laid against general Zagórski . After the general ' s disappearance the only charge which was brought up against him , was one of desertion from the Polish Army .
Rudi Brasche Rudi Brasche ( 17 August 1917 – 22 November 1975 ) was a decorated Feldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . Biography . Rudi Brasche was born August 17 , 1917 in Halberstadt , Germany . He joined the Wehrmacht in 1938 , and participated in the German invasions of Poland , France and Russia . In November 1942 , he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross for his role in repelling 14 battalion - level attacks with just a few other members of his squad . This action took place during the German assault in the Caucasus .
21 cm Mörser 16 The 21 cm Mörser 16 ( 21 cm Mrs 16 ) , or langer 21 cm Mörser , was a heavy howitzer used by Germany in World War I and World War II . History . It was based on the earlier 21 cm Mörser 10 , but had a longer barrel , a gun shield and other refinements . Originally , it broke down into two loads for transport , but the Germans rebuilt surviving guns during the 1930s with rubber - rimmed steel wheels to allow for motor traction in one piece with a limber under the trail and generally removed the gunshield . Combat service . In German service , it used two shells , the 21 cm Gr 18 ( HE ) that weighed and the 21 cm Gr 18 Be concrete - piercing shell of with a filler of of TNT . They remained in first - line use with the Germans until replaced by the 21 cm Mörser 18 by about 1940 . Afterwards , they were used for training , although some equipped units in secondary theaters . The Swedes bought a dozen weapons in 1918 from the Germans and they remained in service until 1950 . The Swedes had their own concrete - piercing shells , the 210 tkrv 51 / 65 - ps R - / 33 weighing , which had dispersion problems as the Finns found out . The Finns bought four of these from the Swedes during the Winter War , although they did not participate in the war because the Finns lacked vehicles strong enough to tow their great weight to the front . This had been rectified before the Continuation War and the Finns equipped the 10th Separate Super - Heavy Artillery Battery with them for the duration of the war . They were put into reserve after the war and remained there until the late 1960s before being discarded .
John P . Swasey John Philip Swasey ( 1839 – 1928 ) was U . S . Representative from Maine from 1908 - 1911 . Biography . Swasey was born in Canton , Maine on September 4 , 1839 and attended the Canton public schools , Dearborn Academy , Hebron Academy , Maine State Seminary ( Bates College ) , and Tufts College . During the American Civil War , he served as a first lieutenant in Company K , Seventeenth Regiment , Maine Volunteer Infantry in the Union Army . In 1863 Swasey became an attorney in Canton , Maine where he later served as a county attorney , state legislator , and revenue assessor . Swasey was elected on November 3 , 1908 , as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles E . Littlefield and was elected to the Sixty - first Congress and served from November 3 , 1908 , to March 3 , 1911 . Swasey died on May 27 , 1928 and was buried in Pine Grove Cemetery .
Wayne Maurice Caron Wayne Maurice Caron ( November 2 , 1946 – July 28 , 1968 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Vietnam War . Biography . Caron joined the Navy from Boston , Massachusetts in July 1966 , and by July 28 , 1968 was a hospital corpsman third class ( E - 4 ) serving as a Hospital Corpsman attached to the Headquarters and Service Company , 3rd Battalion , 7th Marine Regiment , ( Kilo 3 / 7 ) 1st Marine Division ( Reinforced ) , FMF . During a firefight on that day , in Quang Nam Province , Republic of Vietnam , Caron was repeatedly wounded while he moved between fallen Marines , rendering aid to each , but continued his rounds until being killed by enemy fire . Caron , aged 21 at his death , was buried in Arlington National Cemetery , Arlington County , Virginia . In 1970 , a plaque at the Chelsea Naval Hospital was placed in his honor . On October 1 , 1977 , the USS " Caron " ( DD - 970 ) , a , was commissioned by the United States Navy . The ship was named in honor of Wayne Caron . Medal of Honor citation . Hospital Corpsman Caron ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving as platoon corpsman with Company K , during combat operations against enemy forces . While on a sweep through an open rice field HC3c . Caron ' s unit started receiving enemy small arms fire . Upon seeing two Marine casualties fall , he immediately ran forward to render first aid , but found that they were dead . At this time , the platoon was taken under intense small - arms and automatic weapons fire , sustaining additional casualties . As he moved to the aid of his wounded comrades , HC3c . Caron was hit in the arm by enemy fire . Although knocked to the ground , he regained his feet and continued to the injured Marines . He rendered medical assistance to the first Marine he reached , who was grievously wounded , and undoubtedly was instrumental in saving the man ' s life . HC3c . Caron then ran toward the second wounded Marine , but was again hit by enemy fire , this time in the leg . Nonetheless , he crawled the remaining distance and provided medical aid for this severely wounded man . HC3c . Caron started to make his way to yet another injured comrade , when he was again struck by enemy small - arms fire . Courageously and with unbelievable determination , HC3c . Caron continued his attempt to reach the third Marine until he was killed by an enemy rocket round . His inspiring valor , steadfast determination and selfless dedication in the face of extreme danger , sustain and enhance the finest traditions of the U . S . Naval Service . References . Who ' s Who in Marine Corps History
Tiree Airport Tiree Airport ( ) is located north northeast of Balemartine on the island of Tiree in the Inner Hebrides off the west coast of Scotland . It is owned and maintained by Highlands and Islands Airports Limited . The airport is served by a scheduled service from Glasgow , operated by a Loganair Twin Otter . History . The airfield is the former Royal Air Force Station Tiree which was requisitioned in 1940 and became operational in April 1942 before being transferred to Ministry of Civil Aviation in 1947 . The following units were based at RAF Tiree at some point :
52d Fighter - Interceptor Squadron The 52d Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the Western Air Defense Force , based at Hamilton Air Force Base , California . It was inactivated on 8 June 1951 . History . World War II . Activated on 1 January 1941 as one of the three squadrons assigned to the 32d Pursuit Group as part of the United States buildup of forces after the eruption of World War II . The squadron was equipped with Curtiss P - 36A Hawk s and Boeing P - 26A Peashooter s drawn from the 16th and 37th Pursuit Group s . After being formed at Albrook Field , Panama Canal Zone , the squadron was moved to Río Hato Army Air Base , Panama . Following its stay at Rio Hato , the unit was ordered to France Field on 1 January 1942 , and the squadron was equipped with Bell P - 39 Aircobra s . In early 1942 , the Squadron was actively engaged in anti - submarine patrols , for which duty the aircraft were each armed with a 350 pound depth charge . Either 75 foot or 150 foot hydrostatic fuses were used , but , in every case , these were always dropped prior to returning to base . On 12 May 1942 , " C " Flight of the Squadron was sent to Seymour Island Airfield in the Galapagos Islands ( just before the unit was redesignated as the 52d Fighter Squadron on 15 May 1942 ) , becoming one of the very first fighter detachmentst he stationed there , although the main squadron remained at France Field . The Galapagos Detachment was redesignated as " E " Flight on 31 October . The detachment ' s stay on the Galapagos lasted until 1 December 1942 . By 18 January 1943 , the 52d was at France Field . However , by 16 June , Detachments were located at Rio Hato Army Air Base , Corozal ( Canal Zone ) and David Field , Panama , with Squadron Headquarters at France Field . The unit ended its assignment to France Field on 23 March 1944 and , with the gradual wind - down of Sixth Air Force , was one of the units slated to be disbanded . The unit was subsequently disbanded on 25 May 1944 . The 52d Fighter Squadron was never authorized an official squadron emblem . Air Force Reserve . Activated in the reserve in June 1949 to train as an interceptor corollary squadron of the 78th Fighter - Interceptor Wing at Hamilton AFB . Was brought to active duty in June 1951 as a result of the Korean War , inactivated a week later after its personnel were reassigned to become " fillers " in other USAF units . Operational history . Air defense for the Panama Canal during World War II .
Armed Forces Civilian Service Medal The Armed Forces Civilian Service Medal ( AFCSM ) is established to recognize the contributions and accomplishments of the U . S . Department of Defense civilian workforce who directly support the military forces , when those members are engaged in military operations of a prolonged peacekeeping or humanitarian nature . The AFCSM symbolizes the importance the Department of Defense attaches to civilian service and recognizes the value of civilian service in helping to accomplish the U . S . Government ' s objectives . This award honors those employees who support designated operations under the same or similar conditions as U . S . military members , thereby strengthening the partnership between the civilian services and uniformed services . Eligibility . The award is approved for issuance to eligible civilian employees as defined in Title who would be eligible for awards under DOD 1400 . 25 - M , " " Department of Defense Civilian Personnel Manual ( CPM ) " " , including non - appropriated fund employees . In most cases , that means that if an employee is eligible for other Army honorary awards , they would also be eligible to receive the AFCSM . Criteria . Any eligible civilian employee who has been in the theater of operations and meets the other qualifying criteria is eligible for the award . Qualifying operations must have occurred after 1 June 1992 , the ending date has yet to be determined . No more than one AFCSM medal may be awarded to any one civilian employee . A contribution to or support of an AFSM military operation by employees assigned to locations outside the areas of eligibility , are not eligible for award of the AFCSM . Such performance or contribution , if merited , may be acknowledged by other appropriate recognition . Further qualifications are as follows : Appearance . The medal is circular , made of bronze color metal . The medal is 1 3 / 8 inches ( 34 . 9 mm ) in diameter . The obverse depicts a torch , like that held by the Statue of Liberty , superimposed upon a burst of rays . The torch is surrounded by a scroll inscribed " SUPPORTING FREEDOM " and further enveloped by a laurel wreath tied with a ribbon at its base . On the reverse are three crossed arrows , points up , and the inscription " ARMED FORCES CIVILIAN SERVICE MEDAL " . The medal is suspended from a ribbon 1 3 / 8 in . wide with a 3 / 8 " center stripe of jungle green and 1 / 4 " bluebird edges . Flanking the center strip are 1 / 8 " stripes of goldenlight and mosstone . Subsequent awards of the medal are recognized by Bronze Service Stars .