naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus ( also spelt Virginius ) was a Roman Republic an politician and general of the gens Verginia . He served as a Roman consul in 494 BC together with Titus Veturius Geminus Cicurinus Family Origins . Caeliomontanus is the name of one of the families of the gens Verginia ( also spelled Virginia ) . Almost all the members of this branch of the family were named Tricostus and the Caeliomontanus name was without a doubt taken from the fact that the family originally came from the Caelian hill . This would have distinguished this branch of the family from others in the same gens . Consulship . During his consulship , Verginius was assigned three legions to deal with the neighbouring Volsci who had taken up arms . Verginius successfully invaded and waged war against the Volsci , and captured the town of Velitrae in which a Roman colony was planted .
William L . Stoughton William Lewis Stoughton ( March 20 , 1827 – June 6 , 1888 ) was a politician and soldier from U . S . state of Michigan who served in the United States Congress , as well as serving as a general and brigade commander in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Stoughton was born in Bangor , New York . He attended Kirtland , Painesville , and Madison Academies in Lake County , Ohio . He studied law in Ohio , Indiana , and Michigan from 1849 to 1851 when he was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Sturgis , Michigan . Stoughton was a prosecuting attorney of St . Joseph County from 1855 to 1859 and a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention . He was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln as United States District Attorney for the District of Michigan in March 1861 , but resigned a few months later to enter the Union Army following the outbreak of the Civil War . He served as colonel of the 11th Michigan Infantry and then was a brigadier general . Stoughton commanded the 2nd Brigade , 1st Division of the XIV Corps of the Army of the Cumberland at the Battle of Chattanooga . He later was promoted to the rank of major general by brevet . He resigned in August 1864 because of ill health and resumed the practice of his profession in Sturgis , Michigan , in 1865 . In 1867 , Stoughton became a member of the Michigan State Constitutional convention and served as Michigan Attorney General from 1867 to 1868 . He was elected as a Republican from Michigan ' s 2nd congressional district to the 41st and 42nd Congresses , serving from March 4 , 1869 to March 3 , 1873 . He returned to the practice of law in 1874 . William L . Stoughton died in Sturgis and was interred in Oak Lawn Cemetery .
38 Canadian Brigade Group 38 Canadian Brigade Group ( 38 CBG ) ( ) is a formation of the Canadian Forces and Canadian Army ' s 3rd Canadian Division . The brigade group is composed of Primary Reserve units in Manitoba , Saskatchewan and Western Ontario east to Thunder Bay . Geographically , 38 CBG is Canada ' s largest brigade group . The brigade headquarters is located in Winnipeg , Manitoba . The brigade ' s units are spread out over many communities , and most of the soldiers serving in the brigade ' s units are reservists , part - time soldiers who serve within units in those communities . The brigade group ' s is prepared to deploy and augment the Regular Force of the 3rd Canadian Division in domestic operations ( natural disasters , etc . ) as well as support Battle Groups . The brigade has served in several domestic operations , including Operation Assistance ( the assistance to the Manitoba ' s 1997 flood ) , and Operation Peregrine ( assistance to the 2003 BC forest fire emergency ) . Many soldiers of the brigade deployed to Afghanistan , as well as on UN and NATO missions . The Commanding Officer of the 38 Canadian Brigade Group is Colonel G . D . Whittaker , CD . The 38 Canadian Brigade Group Sergeant - Major is Chief Warrant Officer Allan J Rishchynski , CD . Brigade units . Also under command of the brigade group headquarters is the 38 Canadian Brigade Group Arctic Response Company Group ( ARCG ) .
German submarine U - 204 German submarine " U - 204 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 22 April 1940 by the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft yard at Kiel as ' werk ' 633 , launched on 23 January 1941 and commissioned on 8 March under the command of " Oberleutnant " Walter Kell . She was sunk in October 1941 by British warships . Operational career . Part of the 1st U - boat Flotilla , " U - 204 " carried out three patrols in the North Atlantic . 1st patrol . " U - 204 " s first patrol began when she left Kiel on 24 May 1941 ; she travelled through the ' gap ' between Greenland and Iceland ( the Denmark Strait ) and sank the Icelandic fishing boat " Holsteinn " with gunfire , south of Iceland on 31 May - Kell did not want news of the U - boat ' s presence to be broadcast . She then sank the " Mercier " east of Newfoundland on 10 June . She docked at Brest in occupied France , on the 27th . 2nd patrol . Nearly a month passed before the boat sortied once again . On 2 August she spotted Allied convoy SL81 and called for support , when " U - 401 " arrived the following day , they attacked together . The U - boat sank HNoMS " Bath " about southwest of Ireland on 19 August 1941 . Several survivors were killed , not by the ship ' s sinking , but by depth charge s exploding when the vessel went down . 3rd patrol and loss . Having left Brest on 20 September 1941 , she sank the Spanish sailing ship " Aingeru Guardakoa " with a single torpedo on 14 October , thinking she was a British submarine chaser . She then sank the " Inverlee " on the 19th . On the same day , she fell victim to a British anti - submarine sweep from Gibraltar . She was sunk by depth charges from the corvette HMS " Mallow " and the sloop HMS " Rochester " . Forty - six men died ; there were no survivors .
Fiat 6614 The Fiat Type 6614 is a 4x4 wheeled armoured personnel carrier developed as a joint venture between Fiat and Oto Melara of Italy . The hull is welded steel , and the vehicle is amphibious . The first prototype was built in 1972 . KM900 . The KM900 was a version of the Fiat 6614 produced under license by Asia Motors for use by the Republic of Korea Army . It is expected that the KM900s will be phased out with the introduction of the KNAV . Type 6616 . The Type 6616 was a version of the Type 6614 that incorporated a turret armed with a 20mm autocannon . The turret was designed , built , and installed by Oto Melara . Users . Type 6614 Type 6616
19th Brigade ( Australia ) The 19th Brigade was a formation of the Australian Army during World War II as part of the 6th Division . Formed in April 1940 as a result of the reorganisation of the Second Australian Imperial Force when the infantry brigades composition was reduced from four to three battalions . The fourth battalion from the 16th , 17th and 18th Brigades was proposed to form part the 19th Brigade . Due to transport problems , the third battalion of the 18th Brigade joined the brigade instead of the 2 / 12th Battalion . The brigade fought in the North African campaign , the Greek campaign , the Crete campaign , before returning to Australia and becoming part of the Darwin garrison force . While the other two brigades from the 6th Division , the 16th and 17th , took part in some of the early campaigns in the Pacific , the 19th Brigade waited three - and - a - half years before it returned to action , taking part in the Aitape - Wewak campaign in New Guinea in late 1944 through to mid - 1945 .
Alexander Wilson ( British Army officer ) " for a similar named British Army officers , see James Wilson ( British Army officer ) or Alexander Wilson ( writer and spy ) " Major - General Sir Alexander Wilson KCB ( 1858 – 1937 ) was a senior British army officer , Colonel of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders and Lieutenant Governor of Jersey between the years 1916 and 1920 . Military career . Educated at Lancing College , Wilson was gazetted into the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders in 1879 and served with the regiment through the Anglo - Zulu War of 1879 before being appointed Commandant of Colonial Forces , Western Australia in 1895 . Wilson returned from Australia to fight with his regiment during the Second Boer War and was appointed commander of the 1st Battalion after the Battle of Magersfontein in 1899 . He served under Sir John Maxwell in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign ( World War I ) as General Officer Commanding Indian Expeditionary Force E , Canal Defences and was mentioned in dispatches whilst commanding the Suez Canal defences against the Turkish attack through 1915 - 1916 . He was also appointed KCB at around this time . In later life he became Colonel of the Regiment ( Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders ) and was made Lieutenant Governor of Jersey .
Battle of Azcapotzalco The Battle of Azcapotzalco , ( ) , was fought on August 19 , 1821 , in the town of Azcapotzalco , near Mexico City . It was to be the last major and decisive military action of the Mexican War of Independence . The insurgents , commanded by the colonel s Anastasio Bustamante and Luis Quintanar , defeated the Spanish forces commanded by Manuel de la Concha . Prelude . By August 1821 , The Army of the Three Guarantees , led by Agustin de Iturbide , had control of the majority of towns and important cities of New Spain , leaving only the royalist bastions of Mexico City and the port of Veracruz . Mexico City as capital of the Viceroyalty of New Spain was the key point for ending the 11 year Mexican War of Independence . The Army of the Three Guarantees had surrounded the periphery of the city and the royalist forces were forced into Tacuba ( today Miguel Hidalgo ) and the old Hacienda of Clavería . Battle . Before the battle Agustín de Iturbide went to Córdoba to have a meeting with the Political Superior Chief , Juan O ' Donojú , he left command of the troops around Mexico City to Luis Quintanar and Anastasio Bustamante . Bustamante successfully occupied the Haciendas of Cristo and Careaga , ( today known as Rosario and Molino de la Hacienda Santa Mónica ) and from there he took the next step into Mexico City . On 19 August 1821 , the insurgent , Nicolas Acosta , entered Azcapotzalco and took over the Rosario bridge with the purpose of attacking the royalist forces . The attack began in the middle of a rainstorm . As soon as the battle began , the royalist general Manuel de la Concha went to his headquarters in Tacubaya for reinforcements . The insurgents retired to Azcapotzalco , sending troops to the Hacienda of Careaga . General Concha followed and tried to force them to face him in Azcapotzalco . When the royalist forces arrived , the insurgent forces attacked them in the vestibule and the ceilings of the Convent of the Dominicos . The combat continued until 11 am and stopped when the insurgent ammunition ran out . Anastasio Bustamante ordered a cannon placed at the entrance of the town but it was unfruitful and he decided to retreat . The famous insurgent soldier Encarnación Ortiz also known as " El Pachondo " tried to rescue the artillery but was shot and killed . The act inflamed the insurgents who assaulted the vestibule , facing the royalist forces hand - to - hand , defeating them and forcing them to flee to the Rosario Bridge . Aftermath . The victory by the insurgent forces of the Army of the Three Guarantees forced the royalists to leave the Haciendas of Clavería , Tacuba , Popotla and San Jacinto . Days later independence was granted . The victory of the insurgents in the last battle of the war cleared the way to Mexico City which was finally taken by the insurgents on 27 September 1821 , ending the long Mexican War of Independence . Valentin Canalizo also fought in this battle . He , like Anastasio Bustamante , would later become President of Mexico .
Highland Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The Highland Brigade is a historical unit of the British Army , which has been formed a number of times . It recruited men from the Highlands of Scotland . Historic Highland Brigades . Crimean War . A Highland Brigade was present at the Crimean War ( 1854 – 1856 ) , as part of the 1st Division ; it was initially under the command of Major - General Sir Colin Campbell ( Lord Clyde ) . It played a significant role in the Battle of Alma . This Highland Brigade consisted of the : Egyptian Rebellion . There was a Highland Brigade operating in Egypt from 1882 , during the Egyptian Rebellion ( 1882 – 1885 ) , under the command of Major General Archibald Alison . Major General Alison ' s Brigade formed the left wing of General Sir Garnet Wolseley ' s army at the Battle of Tel - El - Kebir where they suffered 243 casualties ( from the total casualties for Wolsey ' s force of 339 ) . This Highland brigade consisted of the : Second Boer War . A Highland Brigade participated in the Second Boer War ( 1899 – 1902 ) in South Africa , under the command of Major General Andrew Gilbert Wauchope . It suffered severe losses at the battle Magersfontein ( including General Wauchope ) . Command of the Brigade was then given to Major General Hector MacDonald who led the brigade throughout the remainder of the war . The Brigade fought at the Battle of Paardeberg where on 18 September ( known as Bloody Sunday ) it again suffered heavy casualties . The Highland Brigade consisted of the : Administrative Brigade 1948 - 1968 . After the Second World War the British Army had fourteen infantry depots , each bearing a letter . The depots were territorially organised , and Infantry Depot N was the headquarters for the highland regiments . In 1948 , the depots adopted names and this depot became the Highland Brigade , with all regiments being reduced to a single battalion at the same time . The Highland Brigade was formally created on July 14 , 1948 from the depots of six regiments : Under the Defence Review announced in July 1957 , the infantry of the line was reorganised , and by 1961 the Brigade was reduced to four battalions : From 1958 all regiments in the Brigade adopted a common cap badge consisting of the saltire of St . Andrew on which was superimposed a stag ' s head and a scroll inscribed " Cuidigh ' n Righ " . The various Territorial Battalions that were also part of the then five Highland Regiments were split off in 1967 and grouped together , eventually forming the 51st Highland Volunteers . On July 1 , 1968 the Highland Brigade was united with the Lowland Brigade , to form the Scottish Division .
USS Margaret Anderson ( SP - 1203 ) USS " Margaret Anderson " ( SP - 1203 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from August to December 1917 . " Margaret Anderson " was built as a private motorboat of the same name in 1907 by Harrison Lewis . On 15 June 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owners , W . B . Anderson and N . F . Bonniville , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Margaret Anderson " ( SP - 1203 ) on 16 August 1917 . Assigned to the 5th Naval District and based at Oyster , Virginia , " Margaret Anderson " served on section patrol duties until at least the end of 1917 . She was returned to her owners either on 31 December 1917 or sometime in 1918 .
Herzl Yankl Tsam Herzl Yankl Tsam ( ; 1835 – 1915 ) was a Jewish cantonist in the Russian Empire . Tsam appears to have been the only Jewish officer in the Tsarist army in the 19th century who rose beyond the rank of a captain . Drafted as a 17 - year - old Cantonist , Tsam served in Tomsk , Siberia . Tsam became an officer in 1873 ( his fellow officers attested to his qualities in the promotion petitions ) and , after forty - one years of service , he was retired with a rank and pension of colonel ( полковник ) . The promotion was granted on the day of his retirement , so he would have the pension , but wouldn ' t be able to serve as a colonel . An able commander and administrator , he turned one of the worst companies of his regiment into one of the best . In spite of pressures , he never converted to the state religion of Russian Orthodox Christianity . After retirement , Tsam took an active part in the Jewish community of Tomsk .
Earl N . Franklin Colonel Earl Newlan Franklin ( January 26 , 1917 – November 11 , 2003 ) was born in Joliet , Illinois . He is one of the original Tuskegee Airmen , along with his brother George . Col . Franklin was a graduate of the second Tuskegee class and stayed on the base as a flight instructor . Col . Franklin resided in Cherry Hill , New Jersey from 1968 until his death on Veterans Day 2003 .
Erwin Koopmann Erwin Koopmann ( 1 January 1900 – 10 November 1943 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several corps . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Erwin Koopmann was killed on 10 November 1943 in Ulianivka , Ukraine and was posthumously awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross on 28 November 1943 .
Treaty Faction The was an unofficial and informal political faction within the Imperial Japanese Navy in the 1920s - 1930s of officers supporting the Washington Naval Treaty . Background . The " Washington Naval Treaty " , also known as the " Five - Power Treaty " , limited the naval armaments of its five signatories : the United States , the British Empire , the Empire of Japan , France , and Italy . The treaty was agreed at the Washington Naval Conference , which was held in Washington , D . C . from November 1921 to February 1922 . The treaty limited the total capital ship tonnage of each of the signatories ; no single ship could exceed 35 , 000 tons , and no ship could carry a gun in excess of 16 inches . Only two large aircraft carriers were permitted per nation . No new fortifications or naval bases could be established , and existing bases and defenses could not be improved in the external territories and possessions specified in the treaty . The tonnage allotment to Japan was based on a 5 : 5 : 3 ratio compared with the United States and United Kingdom , with the justification being that the latter countries needed to maintain fleets on more than one ocean , whereas Japan had only the Pacific Ocean . Development . The terms of the treaty were extremely unpopular with Japanese public , many of whom saw the 5 : 5 : 3 ratio as another way of being regarded as an inferior race by the West . The Imperial Japanese Navy was also split into two opposing factions , Fleet Faction and Treaty Faction . The Treaty Faction argued that Japan could not afford an arms race with the western powers , and hoped through diplomacy to restore the Anglo - Japanese Alliance . It argued that the current treaty limitations would serve Japan for the time being . The Treaty Faction was composed of the political left - wing within the Navy , including influential admirals in the Navy Ministry such as Takarabe Takeshi , Taniguchi Naomi , Yamanashi Katsunoshin , Sakonji Seizo and Hori Taikichi . In the 1920s , the Treaty Faction , which was supported by the civilian government , was predominant . However , the even more restrictive London Naval Treaty of 1930 divided the Treaty Faction into two parts . The “ Anti - London Treaty Faction ” pushed for military and economic expansion into the South Pacific , and thus became more closely aligned with the " Fleet Faction " . With increasing Japanese militarism in the 1930s , the growing conflict with the United States over China , and the blatant disregard for the terms of the Treaty by all major powers , the Fleet Faction gradually gained the upper hand . Furthermore , many of the Treaty Faction members who had direct first - hand experience in Britain or the United States went into retirement from 1933 - 1934 , including Isoroku Yamamoto ' s mentor , Hori Teikichi . On 29 December 1934 , the Japanese government gave formal notice that it intended to terminate the treaty . Its provisions remained in force until the end of 1936 , and it was not renewed .
Donald Vandergriff Major Donald E . Vandergriff , United States Army ( Ret . ) , is a teacher , writer and lecturer who specializes in military leadership education and training . Background . Vandergriff served with the United States Marine Corp and United States Army . He retired after 24 years of service . He holds a Bachelor ’ s degree in education from the University of Tennessee and a Master ’ s degree in military history from American Military University . He was the first major from the Army to lecture at the Naval War College . Influence . Military sociologist Charles Moskos called him “ the most well - known Major in the Army ” . Lecturer , author and expert on military personnel issues , Dr . Jonathan Shay , refers to Vandergriff as “ the most influential major in the U . S . Army ” . Journalist James Fallows of " The Atlantic Monthly " has sought out Vandergriff for consultation of several of his articles , mentioning him in his piece “ Will Iran be Next ” , ( December 2004 ) .
Battle of Angol Battle of Angol was a battle fought between the Mapuche and the Spanish conquerors in March 1564 . History . In Los Infantes captain Lorenzo Bernal del Mercado had discovered that the rebels had constructed a pucará close by , establishing a blockade of the city . Lorenzo Bernal ordered a reconnaissance patrol and he observed that the natives under the toqui Illangulién had chosen an impregnable position in a marsh and chose to retire . Illangulién ' s troops then moved to a second position , nearer to Angol , to which captain Lorenzo Bernal responded with a new reconnaissance . Finding that this new position also was impregnable he again retired . Feeling victorious and believing the destruction of Angol was imminent , a Mapuche detachment located themselves in a third position awaiting reinforcements from their main body at the old position . This time , seeing their dangerous proximity to Los Infantes , captain Bernal chose to attack the position before more Mapuches arrived . In the battle the Spanish drove the Mapuche out of their pucara and pursued them down to the river bank and drove them into the river , where they were trapped and 1 , 000 Mapuches were killed including the toqui Illanguelén and many more were wounded or captured . Bernal ordered some of the captives killed and others lost hands or feet . When the news reached the rest of the Mapuche army coming to attack Angol they dispersed .