naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Beretta BM59 The Beretta BM59 is an Italian - made rifle based on the M1 Garand rifle , but chambered in 7 . 62×51 mm NATO , and modified to use a detachable magazine . Later revisions incorporated other features common to more modern rifles . Development . After World War II , Italy adopted the US - designed M1 Garand rifle in . 30 - 06 ( 7 . 62×63mm ) and also manufactured it under license . This semi - automatic rifle proved itself well during World War II , but in the late 1950s it was considered outdated and obsolete and the Italian military also wanted a new rifle chambered for the NATO - standard 7 . 62×51mm round . To meet these requirements , Beretta designed the BM59 , which was essentially a rechambered M1 fitted with a removable 20 - round magazine , folding bipod and a combined flash suppressor / rifle grenade launcher . The BM59 is capable of selective fire . The BM59 was adopted in 1959 and served with Italian , Argentinian , Indonesian , and Moroccan armies . In the early 1980s , semi - automatic versions were imported to the United States and sold to private collectors . The earliest BM59s were manufactured from U . S . - manufactured M1 parts , including re - chambered barrels . In 1990 , the BM59 was replaced in Italian service by the Beretta AR70 / 90 assault rifles , although some may be in service in the Italian Navy . Variants . The BM59 has several military and civilian variants that include the following : Civilian . The rare BM - 62 and 69 are civilian sporting rifles with the grenade launcher and sights removed . with the following :
Asterius ( comes Hispanorum ) Asterius , also known as Asterio , Asturio or Astirio , was a Roman general who obtained the title of " comes Hispanorum " in which capacity he participated in an important military expedition against the Vandals who had established themselves in the north of Gallaecia . He was also able to defeat the usurper , Maximus of Hispania who had taken refuge with the barbarian tribes there . Due to his military prowess and his considerable amount of battlefield victories , he was given the title of Patrician in 422 . Campaign in Hispania . After the victory over Wallia in the campaigns of 416 and 418 , the defeated Alans and Silingi Vandals take refuge with the Hasdingi Vandals who were established in the costal areas of Gallaecia , north of the Minho River . The Vandals , needing new territories to place their newly acquired populations , expanded to the south and blocked their neighbors , the Suebi at the Battle of the Nervasos Mountains of 419 . In 419 , Asterius was sent as " comes Hispanorum " with a powerful Roman Army to finish retaking the territories occupied by the barbarian invaders in Hispania and to put down the second uprising of Maximus of Hispania . In 419 , a Frontón priest accuses several important families , including that of Asterius of Priscillianism , forcing him to travel to Tarraco to defend his family against the alligations . Later in the same year , Asterius was in Tarraco , where he established his Praetorium and gathered an army to commence a military campaign in Gallaecia . He came to the aid of a Suebi army which was surrounded by the Vandals , defeating them at the Battle of the Nervasos Mountains . He was unable to prevent a large body of the enemy from retreating to Hispania Baetica , a move which ultimately came out in Asturias ' favor . A year later in 420 , Asterius ' campaign forced the Vandals to retreat south where they were intercepted at Bracara Augusta by the " vicarius " , Maurocelus . The two Roman armies attacked the Vandals from both sides , decisively defeating them . In 421 , Asterius was called to Ravenna after the crowning Constantius III as the Augustus of the Western Roman Empire . He was named a Patrician of Rome and given the charge of magister militum in 422 . Other sources dispute Asterius ' appointment as magister militum , but acknowledge that another Hispano - Roman magister militum is recorded as having fought the Bacaudae of Tarraconensis during the Crisis of the Third Century in 441 . It is conceivable that one Asterius had been taken for the other . Other sources also speculate that the two may have been related as the number of Imperial officials from Hispania recorded in contemporary chronicles drops off considerably during this time .
Paval Zhauryd Paval Zhauryd ( 1889 in Žaǔryd – 1939 , ) was a Belarusian military commander . Zhauryd was born in the village Cieciarouka near Slutsk and graduated from the Slutsk Gymnasium in 1909 . As a student of the Gymnasium , Zhauryd created a Belarusian independentionalist club with his classmates . After Gymnasium he studied at the Law faculty of the Warsaw University . With the outbreak of World War I In 1916 he has been mobilized to the army of the Russian Empire . And after a military training in Poltava , Paval Zhauryd has been sent to Turkestan and later to the Romanian Front . After the Russian February Revolution Paval Zhauryd has been elected his regiment ' s committee president . He was a delegate at the First All - Belarusian congress in December 1917 , where preparations to the declaration of independence of the Belarusian National Republic have been initiated . Since 1918 Zhauryd has been working as a lawyer in Slutsk . At that time he became member of the Belarusian Socialist - Revolutionary Party . In the summer of 1919 he was arrested by Bolsheviks and accused of " assisting Denikin " and brought to Smolensk . Liberated in 1919 , Zhauryd came back to Slutsk and was elected president of the Slutsk Belarusian Committee , a local group supporting the Belarusian National Republic . In July 1920 Zhauryd was mobilized by Bolsheviks in the Red Army and was appointed aide to commander of the Slutsk cavalry unit . In late 1920 , Belarusian officials appointed Zhauryd the Commissary of the Belarusian National Republic in the Slutsk powiat . In this function Paval Zhauryd was one of the commanders of the anti - Bolshevik Slutsk defence action . Since 1921 Zhauryd lived in Vilnius , where he was member of the local Belarusian National Committee and the Belarusian Schools Council . He later migrated to East Belarus and worked in his parents ' place , in the villages Bor and Zarechcha near Slutsk . In 1923 – 1930 Zhauryd worked in the Belarusian Agroindustrial Union , in an agricultural education institution in the town of Marjina Horka , the Belarusian Culture Institute and the newspaper Zviazda . Along with several other Belarusian intellectuals , Paval Zhauryd was arrested by the GPU on 18 July 1930 as part of the Case of the Union of Liberation of Belarus . In April 1931 he was sentenced to 3 years of concentration camp . After liberation in 1933 , he lived in Sarapul , Udmurtia . In 1937 Zhauryd was again arrested " for anti - Soviet propaganda " and sentenced for 10 years of concentration camps . He was sent to Knyazhpogost , Komi Republic where he died in prison . Paval Zhauryd was rehabilitated in 1988 by the Belarusian Supree Court and the Oblast Court of Kirov .
Battle of Horodok The battle of Gródek Jagielloński or battle of Horodok took place during the Russo - Polish War ( 1654 – 1667 ) on 29 September 1655 . Russian and Ukrainian Cossack forces under Vasily Borisovich Sheremetev and Bohdan Khmelnytsky engaged a much smaller Polish – Lithuanian army under Stanisław " Rewera " Potocki near Gródek Jagielloński ( now Horodok , Lviv Oblast , Ukraine ) . The Polish forces were defeated and forced to retreat , losing their supplies to the Russians . The Russians advanced , besieging Lviv , and Potocki with the remains of his army was soon forced to surrender to the invading Swedes .
Great Contemporaries Great Contemporaries is a collection of 25 short biographical essays about famous people , written by Winston Churchill . The original collection of 21 essays published in 1937 were mainly written between 1928 and 1931 . Four were added to the book in the 1939 edition , about Lord Fisher , Charles Stewart Parnell , Lord Baden - Powell and Franklin D . Roosevelt . In 1941 the essays on Boris Savinkov and Leon Trotsky were removed from editions published at that time , since they had been opponents of Joseph Stalin , who as leader of Russia was now officially an ally of Britain against Germany in World War II , and the article on Roosevelt was removed in 1942 when America also became officially an ally of Britain with Roosevelt as president . The Odhams edition of 1947 reinstated the three essays after the war . Other subjects of the essays were Earl of Rosebery , Kaiser Wilhelm II , George Bernard Shaw , Joseph Chamberlain , Sir John French , John Morley , Hindenburg , Herbert Asquith , Lawrence of Arabia , the Earl of Birkenhead , Marshal Foch , Alfonso XIII , Douglas Haig , Arthur James Balfour , Adolf Hitler , George Nathaniel Curzon , Philip Snowden , Clemenceau , and George V .
USS Marl ( IX - 160 ) USS " Marl " ( IX - 160 ) , a designated an unclassified miscellaneous vessel , was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for marl . Her keel was laid down under Maritime Commission contract ( T . B7 . D1 ) by Barrett & Hilp , Belair Shipyard , South San Francisco , California , on 16 November 1943 . She was launched on 2 February 1944 sponsored by Mrs . J . M . Ryan , converted for Navy use as a cargo barge , acquired by the Navy under loan charter from the Maritime Commission on 29 August 1944 ; and placed in service at San Francisco the same day . Service history . Assigned to duty with Service Squadron 8 , " Marl " was towed to the Philippines where during the remainder of the war in the Pacific she provided facilities for storing and issuing United States Army and United States Marine Corps supplies at Leyte . On 23 September 1945 she departed San Pedro Bay under tow by and headed in convoy bound for Okinawa . A vicious typhoon dispersed the convoy north of the Philippines on 29 September , and mountainous seas parted " Marl " front her towline early the next day . She was recovered following the storm and towed to Subic Bay on 7 October . She underwent repairs to damaged machinery and continued duty as cargo stores barge until 2 August 1946 when she was placed out of service and delivered to War Shipping Administration . Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 15 August 1946 . " Marl " was sold by the Maritime Commission to the Asia Development Corporation on 4 September 1948 .
Rocket U - boat The Rocket U - boat was an abandoned military project to create the first ballistic missile submarine . It was conceived of by Nazi Germany during the Second World War . Plans for the rocket U - boat involved an attack on New York City with newly invented V - 2 rocket s . Timeline . During World War II , several projects were undertaken at Peenemunde to mount rockets on a U - boat . In 1941 first trials were held , using a Nebelwerfer rocket launcher , mounted on the deck of " U - 511 " . Tests were carried out , with successful firings from the surface , and from up to 12 metres underwater without any effect on the missiles ' accuracy . The arrangement was envisaged as a weapon against convoy escorts , but with no guidance system the arrangement was largely ineffective . In 1943 interest in the concept was revived with the advent of the V - 1 flying bomb ; proposals were made to mount a V - 1 and launcher on a U - boat in order to strike targets at a much greater range than the 150 mile radius from land - based sites . This proposal foundered on inter - service rivalry , however , as the V - 1 was an Air Force ( " Luftwaffe " ) project . In 1943 also , consideration was given to firing the V - 2 rocket from a U - boat , with particular thought to hitting targets in the United States . As the V - 2 was too large to be mounted on any U - boat then in service , a 500 - ton submersible vessel for transport and launching was designed . Un - manned and unpowered , this was intended to be towed by a conventional U - boat to within range of its target , then set up and launched . Three of these vessels were ordered in late 1944 , but only one was built , and no trials of the practicality of the system were carried out . However , Allied intelligence came to know of these projects , and the US Navy developed a counter - measure , known as Operation Teardrop . This operation was actually carried out in early 1945 when a group of U - boats were detected heading for the US east coast . Most of these submarines were quickly pounced on in Mid - Atlantic and destroyed in the massive anti - submarine operation , though post – war analysis showed no credible missile threat had existed .
George H . Tichenor George Humphrey Tichenor ( April 12 , 1837January 14 , 1923 ) was a Kentucky - born physician who introduced antiseptic surgery while in the service of the Confederate States of America . Thereafter , in private practice in Canton ( Madison County ) , Mississippi , he developed the formula that became " Dr . Tichenor ' s Antiseptic . " Early life and education . Tichenor was born in Ohio County in western Kentucky to Rolla Tichenor and the former Elizabeth Hymphrey . He was educated in private schools . Career . Initially , Tichenor was a businessman in Franklin ( Williamson County ) , Tennessee when the American Civil War began . After the American Civil War had begun , in 1861 , he entered military service with the 22nd Tennessee Cavalry Regiment . In 1863 , he became an enrolling Confederate officer , and thereafter an assistant surgeon , during which time he is believed to have been the first in the Confederacy to have used antiseptic surgery . Tichenor experimented with the use of alcohol as an antiseptic on wounds . He was badly wounded in the leg in 1863 , and amputation was recommended . He insisted on treating his wounds with an alcohol - based solution of his own devising . His wound healed , and he regained the use of his leg . His potential reputation as a humanitarian was clouded by his fierce regional loyalty ; Tichenor insisted that his techniques be used only on injured Confederates , never on Union prisoners . An unconfirmed story was later circulated that Dr . Tichenor ' s antiseptic was granted the first patent issued by the Confederate government . An image of the Confederate Battle Flag remained on the product label well into the 20th century . Tichenor developed his antiseptic formula in Canton and thereafter practiced medicine in Baton Rouge , LA from 1869 - 1887 . He started bottling " Dr . Tichenor ' s Patent Medicine " in New Orleans ; the formula , consisting of alcohol , oil of peppermint , and arnica , was originally marketed as useful for a wide variety of complaints for both internal and external use for man and animal . A patent was registered in 1882 . The company producing this liquid was incorporated in 1905 and is still in existence , though the recommended uses are now more modest : principally as a mouthwash and topical antiseptic . Personal life . Tichenor married the former Margaret A . Drane of Kentucky while they were in Canton . They had three sons : Rolla A . Tichenor , George H . Tichenor , Jr . , and Elmore Drane Tichenor . He was a member of the Masonic Lodge and the Baptist Church . He was adjutant general and commander of the Louisiana division of the United Confederate Veterans . He is interred in Baton Rouge . References . " George Humphrey Tichenor " , " A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography " , Vol . 2 ( 1988 ) , p . 791
David Broadfoot David Broadfoot GC ( 21 July 1899 – 31 January 1953 ) was a Scottish seaman awarded the George Cross for his role during the sinking of the " MV Princess Victoria " . He was born in Stranraer , Scotland and served in the merchant navy during World War II . He was Radio Officer on the MV Princess Victoria , which sank in 1953 in the North Channel in the worst maritime disaster in United Kingdom waters since World War II . Broadfoot remained at his post while the ship was sinking , sending messages to shore stations to enable them to locate the ship . He was posthumously awarded the George Cross , the highest award for bravery to British civilians . His grandchildren eventually donated his George Cross to the Stranraer town museum , where it is now on display along with other memorabilia from the sinking . Grave . His gravestone is in the Inch Parish Churchyard in Inch , Scotland ; several memorials of the disaster are located on both sides of the North Channel . Brief history of ships ’ radio officers . David Broadfoot stayed at his post for so long that he lost all chance of saving himself and went down with the ship . He had continued a tradition of service established from a time when the radio officer of the Titanic went down with the ship in 1912 . So many wireless operators were lost during the Second World War , some 1 , 400 - one for every three ships , that the Ministry of Shipping issued a notice to shipmasters to make special arrangements for their radio and engine room crew when the ship was abandoned .
Fokker D . IV The Fokker D . IV was a German fighter biplane of World War I , a development of the D . I . It had a more powerful Mercedes D . III engine , and the first Fokker front - line design to use ailerons in place of wing warping from the start for roll control . The aircraft was purchased in small numbers ( 40 ) by the German Army and the Swedes bought 4 .
ESENGRA The Main Specialist School of La Graña ( ESENGRA ) and the " ANTONIO ESCAÑO NAVAL SCHOOL " both based in Ferrol , in north - western Spain , are the two “ Escuelas Militares ” ( Literally Naval Schools ) where almost 100 % of all of the sub - officers , technicians , sailors and other crew of the Spanish Navy receive their training .
Fort Tourgis Fort Tourgis is an extensive fortification in Alderney to the north west of St Anne . First constructed by the British government in 1855 in order to provide defense for the Alderney Breakwater , a major construction project at the time . It was adapted by German occupying forces during World War II . Redevelopment . Plans to redevelop the fort exist , however , as of December 2012 an agreement on redevelopment had lapsed , and no construction work had been started . The derelict fort remains under the control of the States of Alderney .
USS Brandenburg ( 1901 ) USS " Brandenburg " was only briefly in the United States Navy . " Brandenburg " was a twin - screw , steel - hulled steamship completed in 1901 by Bremer Vulkan Aktiengesellschaft of Bremen - Vegesack , Germany , for the Norddeutscher Lloyd Line , of Bremen . She was allocated to the United States when the Allied powers parceled out Germany ’ s merchant marine after World War I , and was commissioned at Southend - on - Sea , England , on 9 May 1919 , Lieutenant Commander Hiram L . Irwin in command . Sailing for Plymouth , England , on 10 May , " Brandenburg " arrived at her destination on the morning of the 11th , where she provisioned and coaled . Within a week of her arrival , dispatches concerning the ship indicated that the Allied Maritime Transport Council executive had allocated " Brandenburg " for “ trooping between England and Northern Russia ” and that repairs to fit her out for that service were estimated to take from three to four weeks . A shortage of enlisted men in the United States , however , prompted Vice Admiral Harry S . Knapp , Commander , U . S . Naval Forces in European Waters , to arrange for the British government take over the ship for the transport duty since the “ trooping ” would probably last through the summer . Accordingly , " Brandenburg " sailed for Liverpool on the afternoon of 17 May and arrived there on the afternoon of the 10th . At 1300 on 20 May 1919 , " Brandenburg " was decommissioned and turned over to the Alfred Holt Steamship Company , accredited representatives of the British Admiralty . " Brandenburg " s former American crew then sailed for the United States in the transport " Louisville " . Contemporary British mercantile lists carry " Brandenburg " as being operated by the Holt firm under government auspices at the outset . She remained in the hands of the Holt conglomerate , which included the Ocean Steamship Company ( or , more colloquially , the Blue Funnel Line ) through 1923 . She was renamed " Hecuba " in 1923 and was broken up for scrap in Italy in December 1924 .
James W . Verney James W . Verney ( January 17 , 1834 – November 29 , 1902 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions during the Wilmington Campaign . Born on January 17 , 1834 , in Bath , Maine , Verney was living in Portland , Maine , when he joined the Navy . He served as a chief quartermaster on the during the Wilmington Campaign , from the First Battle of Fort Fisher on December 24 , 1864 , through the campaign ' s end on February 22 , 1865 . For his actions in this period , he was awarded the Medal of Honor months later , on June 22 , 1865 . Verney ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Served as chief quartermaster on board the U . S . S . " Pontoosuc " during the capture of Fort Fisher and Wilmington , 24 December 1864 to 22 February 1865 . Carrying out his duties faithfully throughout this period , Verney was recommended for gallantry and skill and for his cool courage while under fire of the enemy throughout these various actions . Verney died on November 29 , 1902 , at age 68 and was buried at Cedar Grove Cemetery in Dorchester , Massachusetts .
USS Mary M ( SP - 3274 ) USS " Mary M " ( SP - 3274 ) was a United States Navy motor launch in commission from 1919 to 1922 . " Mary M " was built as a civilian motorboat of the same name in 1904 at Sharptown , Maryland . In 1919 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , the J . G . White Engineering Company , and assigned her the section patrol number SP - 3274 . Assigned to the 5th Naval District , " Mary M " served as a launch at Indian Head , Maryland , until sold on 1 May 1922 .
Battle of Yenidje The Battle of Yenidje or Yenice or Battle of Giannitsa , was a battle between the Greek Army and the Ottoman Army on October 19 – 20 / 1912 , during the First Balkan War . The Greek Army defeated the Ottomans , opening the way towards Thessaloniki and capturing Yenidje ( now Giannitsa ) . The battle . The Turkish army in the Greek front gathered at Giannitsa and fortified it . The strategic location of Gianitsa was low hills , which acted as barriers for excellent defense , while the nearby lake made forced the opponents into a relatively narrow space , further enhanced with artillery units . 25 , 000 Turkish troops and 30 guns waited for the Greeks . The battle began on October 19 and lasted two days . The Greek military forces had to pass a bridge to the stream of Balitzas . In torrential rain , the Greek regiments had many losses and difficulties in development . By evening the Greek army completed the development of artillery and took corrective action over from Giannitsa . The raid of the Greek army was impetuous and in the morning of the 20th , the victory was a fact . The losses were heavy . The losses of the Turks were three times more . In the city there was a fire . But the road to the liberation of Thessaloniki was now open . The battle of 20 October 1912 was the most deadly battle of the Balkan wars and perhaps the most important . It marked the liberation of the city from the Turks and the inclusion of the Greek state . At the same time it paved the way for the liberation of Thessaloniki that helped shape the modern map of Greece .