naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
INS Kamorta INS " Kamorta " is the first of four anti - submarine " Kamorta " - class stealth corvette s being built for the Indian Navy . It is designed and manufactured by GRSE , launched on 19 April 2010 . It is part of Project 28 , approved in 2003 . As in INS " Shivalik " , high - grade steel produced in India was utilized for its construction . It is expected to be delivered to Navy in end of 2013 . It is the first indigenous anti - submarine corvette as well as the first indigenous stealth corvette built by India . Design and description . The INS " Kamorta " was originally expected to be built using high - tensile steel but lapses in imports lead it to be built by local steel . The ships employs very low under water voice signature and radar cross - section due to its ‘ X ’ form of hull and superstructure . She is the first Indian Navy ship to be built with carbon fiber reinforced plastic which reduces weight and life cycle maintenance costs . It is the first indigenous anti - submarine corvette as well as the first indigenous stealth corvette built by India . About 80 % of the ship is indigenous and the ship is capable of fighting in NBC conditions . It is equipped with a " rail - less helo traversing system " which is used for handling a helicopter . It also features a foldable hangar door . General characteristics and propulsion . INS " Kamorta " will have a length of overall and a beam of . The ships displace about at full load . It is powered by four 3800 KW diesel engines at 1 , 050 rpm It uses four Pielstick 12 PA6 STC Diesel engines in CODOG configuration and is propelled two two - shaft , controllable - pitch propellers which allow the ship to reach a top speed of . It will have a complement of 85 and an endurance of . Armament . The " Kamorta " is equipped with a wide range of weapon systems . It is fitted with a OTO Melara 76 mm main gun , and uses two AK - 630 guns and 16 - cell VLS launched Barak 1 missiles as close - in weapon system . In addition , it is fitted with 8 3M54 Klub multi - role missiles , 2 RBU - 6000 anti - submarine rocket launchers and torpedo tubes . It is also equipped with the Kavach decoy system for protection against anti - ship missiles . Construction . " Kamorta " was ordered in 2003 and was launched on April 21 , 2010 . It was expected to join the fleet in October 2012 but is now expected to join the navy by end of 2013 .
USCGC Liberty ( WPB - 1334 ) USCGC " Liberty " ( WPB - 1307 ) is an Island - class cutter of the United States Coast Guard . She is homeported in Auke Bay , Alaska , near Juneau , where she patrols territorial waters , including the Inside Passage . Her primary missions are search and rescue , law enforcement , force protection , and Homeland Security .
Alexander Buckley Alexander Henry Buckley VC ( 1891 – 1918 ) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Buckley was born on 22 July 1891 to James and Julia Buckley at Gulargambone , New South Wales , Australia . One of four children , he was home schooled on his parents ' property " Homebush " during his childhood . Military career . Buckley enlisted in the First Australian Imperial Force on 3 February 1916 . After completing basic training in June , he was sent to England among a draft of reinforcements . He was posted to 54th Battalion , which was attached to the 14th Brigade . Joining the battalion in November 1916 at Flers , France , Buckley served with it as it manned defensive positions along the Somme during the winter months . The following year he took part in the fighting around Bullecourt , Polygon Wood and Broodseinde and in November 1917 he was promoted to temporary corporal . In August 1918 , the 54th Battalion took part in the initial stages of the Allied Hundred Days Offensive around Amiens . On the night of 1 / 2 September 1918 , at Peronne , France , Buckley performed the deeds that led to him being posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross . Medals . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial " ( Canberra , Australia ) " . He also earned the British War Medal and the Victory Medal .
USS Bandera ( APA - 131 ) USS " Bandera " ( APA - 131 ) was a " Haskell " - class attack transport of the US Navy . She was built and used during World War II . She was of the VC2 - S - AP5 Victory ship design type . " Bandera " was named for Bandera County , Texas . World War II service . " Bandera " was laid down under a Maritime Commission contract ( MCV hull 47 ) on 23 July 1944 at Wilmington , California , by the California Shipbuilding Corporation ; launched on 6 October 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Elmer P . Abernethy ; acquired by the Navy on 5 December 1944 ; and commissioned on 6 December 1944 , Captain George C . Miller in command . Following shakedown off San Pedro and amphibious training at San Diego , the attack transport underwent post shakedown availability at Terminal Island , California On 28 January 1945 , " Bandera " sailed for San Francisco to load cargo and embark passengers for passage to Hawaii . She stood out to sea on 1 February and reached Honolulu exactly a week later . After shifting to Pearl Harbor the next day , the 9th , she began a busy schedule of shuttling troops and cargo between Pearl Harbor and the Marshall , Caroline , and Mariana Islands . She carried reinforcement troops and supplies on her outbound journeys and returned wounded men during her voyages back to Pearl Harbor . Although " Bandera " participated in tactical and amphibious training off Maui from 3 April to 31 May , she never participated in any landing operations . She left the Southwest Pacific on 19 June carrying Army troops whom she disembarked at San Francisco before continuing on to Everett , Washington , for upkeep . At the end of June , she embarked troops and cargo and began another voyage to Pearl Harbor where she resumed ferry service between the islands . " Bandera " was at Ulithi in the Caroline Islands when she received news of the Japanese capitulation . She steamed to Jinsen , Korea , in October before being assigned to the " Magic Carpet " fleet that returned veterans to the United States for discharge . She made one trip to Shanghai , China , in January and February 1946 . " Bandera " arrived in San Francisco on 15 February 1946 , disembarked her contingent of returning troops , and then sailed for Norfolk , Virginia , where she arrived on 11 March for inactivation preparations . Fate . " Bandera " was decommissioned on 7 May 1946 , returned to the Maritime Commission , and placed in the National Defense Reserve Fleet at James River on the 14th . Her name was struck from the Navy list on 21 May . In 1955 " Bandera " was withdrawn from the Reserve Fleet as part of a Repair Program , GAA - A . H . Bull , and then returned . On 23 January 1974 she was sold to Consolidated Steel Corporation , for US $ 191 , 799 . 80 , to be scrapped . At 0900 EDT , on 1 April 1974 she was withdrawn from the Reserve Fleet and sent to the breaker ' s yard .
Pax Ottomana Pax Ottomana ( literally " the Ottoman Peace " ) was the economic and social stability attained in the conquered provinces of the Ottoman Empire , which , at the height of the Empire ' s power during the 16th and 17th centuries , applied to lands in the Balkans , Anatolia , the Middle East , North Africa and the Caucasus . The term is preferred in particular by historians and writers who hold a positive view of Ottoman rule to underline the positive impact of Ottoman rule on the conquered regions . They compare it favourably with instability experienced before the Ottoman conquest and with the period after World War I , when only Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace remained under Turkish rule . The term is derived from the more common " Pax Romana " , " the Roman Peace " .
Frank Bell ( aviator ) Sergeant Frank William Bell ( 23 August 1897 – February 1960 ) was actually George Stanley Bell . George had joined the Territorial Army in 1914 and was subsequently called up at the outbreak of World War I . Late in 1914 he deserted the army , but in 1915 he joined the Royal Flying Corps by changing his name and age , hence the discrepancies in the records . In his log book he signed his name as G . W Bell and his military records show an earlier date of birth . He was an observer and air gunner in the Royal Air Force . He was a flying ace credited , together with his pilot , with six aerial victories . On 23 August 1918 , which was his 21st birthday , " Frank ' s " Bermudian pilot , Lieutenant Arthur Rowe Spurling launched a single - plane attack on thirty German D . VIIs fighters , claiming destruction of three with his DH - 9 ' s fixed , forward - firing machine gun , while " Frank " Bell claimed two more with his rear gun which he meticulously cleaned after every mission so it never jammed . Spurling was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross , largely on the strength of this action and Bell was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal . Two days later Spurling downed a sixth D . VII . Sources of information . Grandson - Original Log book Entry of the mission
USS Cullman ( APA - 78 ) USS " Cullman " ( APA - 78 ) was a " Gilliam " - class attack transport that served with the US Navy during World War II . Commissioned late in the war , she was initially assigned to transport duties and consequently did not participate in combat operations . " Cullman " was named after a county in Alabama . She was launched 17 November 1944 by Consolidated Steel at Wilmington , California , under a Maritime Commission contract ; transferred to the Navy 24 January 1945 ; and commissioned the next day , Lieutenant Commander W . B . Dell , USNR , in command . Operational history . Departing San Francisco 23 March 1945 , " Cullman " arrived at Pearl Harbor 29 March and operated in training and inter - island transport duties until 6 July when she sailed for San Diego . Embarking troops and cargo " Cullman " sailed 20 July for calls at Eniwetok and Ulithi on her way to Batangas Bay , Luzon , arriving shortly after the end of hostilities on 20 August . She loaded occupation troops , landed her Army passengers at Tokyo Bay from 2 to 4 September , and arrived at Okinawa 7 September . Transporting occupation troops . " Cullman " made one voyage to Guam , then landed Marines at Taku Bar , China , for the reoccupation of northern China between 30 September and 6 October . Sailing by way of Manila , she lifted Chinese troops from Hong Kong to Taku and Tsingtao in two voyages from 24 October to 21 November . Operation Magic Carpet . " Cullman " then joined Operation Magic Carpet , the giant operation tasked with bringing returning servicemen home to the United States for discharge . She embarked homeward - bound servicemen at Manila for San Francisco , arriving 16 December 1945 . She made a second " Magic Carpet " voyage to Okinawa between 10 January and 15 February 1946 . Decommission . " Cullman " then returned to San Francisco where she was decommissioned 22 May 1946 and transferred to the War Shipping Administration 30 June 1946 for disposal . She was sold for scrap in August 1965 .
Sangamon Ordnance Plant The Sangamon Ordnance Plant was a United States Army ammunition manufacturing facility constructed and operated during World War II . It was located west of Illiopolis in Sangamon County , Illinois encompassing 20 , 000 acres ( 80 km² ) . It began as two separate plants , the Sangamon and the Oak Ordnance Plants , separated by Illinois Route 36 and operated by Remington Rand and Johnson & Johnson respectively . Prior to the end of World War II , the facility was consolidated into the Sangamon Ordnance Plant , operated by Remington Rand . History . Construction began in early 1942 following the acquisition of local farms through eminent domain with the ground breaking occurring in April 1942 . Around 15 , 000 workers were employed and construction was largely completed by September 1942 at a cost of US $ 35 million . It employed thousands during the war including many Woman Ordnance Workers ( WOW ) and produced 20 , 57 , 75 , 90 millimeter as well as 3 inch ( 76 mm ) armor - piercing and high - explosive artillery shell s . It also produced bomb fuse s and the core of fire bombs known as " bursters . " Incidents . In October 1942 , $ 20 , 000 cash intended for the payroll of the two ordnance plants was stolen from a courier en route to the Farmers State Bank of Illiopolis from the Post Office . In August 1943 , an artillery shell exploded at the Oak ordnance plant , killing Maurice Pryor age 22 of Springfield and injuring ten others . Disposition . Following World War II , the facility closed and was mostly dismantled , though some parts still remain . A large portion of the site has returned to farmland . By June 1949 , 90 % of farmland had returned to production . The land had cost the government $ 3 , 186 , 922 , but was sold for $ 2 , 126 , 490 , mostly to former owners . The Federal Works Agency received 359 buildings which were dismantled and removed many for use at schools and colleges . Six warehouses were dismantled and reassembled at the Springfield , Illinois airport . Numerous wood frame buildings were dismantled so that surplus lumber could be used for the veterans emergency housing program . In January 1948 , it was announced that of the site and eight buildings were sold to the DeKalb Hybrid Seed Company for $ 98 , 000 to be used in a poultry breeding operation . The last surplus property was sold by April 15 , 1948 .
20th Virginia Infantry The 20th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia . The 20th Virginia was assembled in July , 1861 , with men from Richmond and the counties of Lunenburg , Powhatan , Buckingham , Prince Edward , Halifax , and Brunswick . Two companies were captured in the fight at Rich Mountain and in September five companies were disbanded . An unsuccessful attempt was made to reorganize , and later the two companies were assigned to the 59th Virginia Infantry . Lieutenant Colonels James R . Crenshaw , John Pegram , and Nathaniel Tyler were in command .
USRC Active ( 1812 ) USRC " Active " , was a revenue cutter of the United States Revenue Cutter Service in commission from 1812 to 1817 . She was the second Revenue Cutter Service ship to bear the name . Acquired in 1812 , " Active " was possibly a chartered vessel . She saw service during the War of 1812 . Commanded by Revenue Captain Caleb Brewster , she was part of a flotilla that was blockaded at New London , Connecticut , by the Royal Navy during the war . " Active " remained in service until 1817 . Another cutter named USRC " Active " entered service at Baltimore , Maryland , in 1816 , so that for at least one year there were two cutters in service in the Revenue Cutter Service with the same name .
201st Airlift Squadron The 201st Airlift Squadron flies Boeing C - 40 Clipper and the C - 38 Courier . It is a unit of the District of Columbia Air National Guard . Its parent unit is the 113th Wing . Mission . The 201st Airlift Squadron provides short notice worldwide transportation for the Executive Branch , Congressional Members , Department of Defense officials and high - ranking U . S . and foreign dignitaries in support of the 89th Airlift Wing . The 201st AS provides air transportation support for the Air Force unit deployments , and inspection teams . Additionally , the C - 38A aircraft can be equipped as an air ambulance when the need arises . History . The history of the 201st Airlift Squadron began in 1946 with the activation of “ H ” Flight , HQ , District of Columbia Air National Guard . Operating out of Hangar 15 on the East side of Andrews Air Force Base , “ H ” Flight ’ s assortment of B - 26 , C - 47 , C - 53 and F - 51 aircraft provided passenger airlift capabilities to the Air National Guard . In 1954 “ H ” Flight was re - designated as Detachment 1 , HQ , District of Columbia Air National Guard . Over the next 38 years Detachment 1 employed more than 20 different types of aircraft to provide worldwide airlift support for both military and civilian passengers . Detachment 1 provided airlift support for large military teams as well as small command groups . The detachment also provided transportation for distinguished passengers such as the Vice President , congressional and cabinet members , service secretaries and local civic leaders . In 1984 , Detachment 1 relocated to its current location on the West side of Andrews Air Force Base . On June 20 , 1992 , Detachment 1 was re - designated as the 201st Airlift Squadron , District of Columbia Air National Guard . Today the 201st Airlift Squadron continues to carry on the tradition of excellence that was started with “ H ” Flight in 1946 . The continuing efforts to upgrade and expand the squadron ’ s worldwide capabilities led to the acquisition of two C - 38As in 1998 and two C - 40Bs ( Boeing 737 ) in 2002 . The events of September 11 , 2001 marked a turning point in the history of the Squadron . The Global War on Terrorism brought a new emphasis on worldwide VIP travel . Since that date , the 201st Airlift Squadron ’ s operational tempo has increased dramatically , with the majority of missions overseas . With its current complement of two C - 40Bs and two C - 38As , the squadron provides worldwide air transportation for the executive branch , congressional members , Department of Defense and high - ranking U . S . and foreign dignitaries . References . 3 . 201st Airlift Squadrons Historical Archives , Menoher Drive , Andrews AFB MD .
Intensified submarine warfare Intensified submarine warfare was the form of submarine warfare practiced by Germany in the first months of 1916 . It was intended as a political compromise between the internationally - recognised Prize Rules , under which submarines were virtually ineffective as commerce raiders , and unrestricted submarine warfare in which merchant ships operating in designated War Zones were liable to be sunk without warning , and without provision for the safety of the passengers or crew . The policy was abandoned in May 1916 due to U . S . political pressure arising from a number of incidents , the most notable being the sinking of the cross - channel ferry " Sussex " .
Herbert Alexander Bruce Herbert Alexander Bruce FRCS ( September 28 , 1868 – June 23 , 1963 ) , served as the 15th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario , Canada , from 1932 to 1937 . Born in Blackstock , Ontario near Port Perry , Bruce was educated as a surgeon at the University of Toronto and in Paris and Vienna . He was a member of the Royal College of Surgeons . He owned Wellesley Hospital in Toronto which he founded in 1911 , and was a professor of surgery at the University of Toronto . In 1916 , during World War I , he was appointed inspector - general of the Canadian Army Medical Corps by Sir Sam Hughes , and attained the rank of colonel . Bruce investigated medical practices in the army and issued a " Report on the Canadian Army Medical Service " which urged a complete reorganization of the medical corps . His report was disowned by the government at the time and he was dismissed from his duties , though many of his recommendations were ultimately implemented . In 1919 , he published " Politics and the Canadian Army Medical Corps " , criticizing the government for its actions . In 1920 , Bruce purchased a farm on Bayview Avenue overlooking the Don Valley and built a Tudor - style mansion which he named Annandale . In 1932 , he was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ontario by R . B . Bennett for a term that lasted until 1937 . He often verbally clashed with new Ontario Premier Mitch Hepburn who attempted to curtail the extravagance of the vice - regal office in the face of the Great Depression . The lieutenant - governor ' s official residence , Chorley Park , was closed by the Hepburn government at the end of Bruce ' s term on the pretext of cutting costs . While most lieutenant - governors are former politicians , Bruce took the unusual step of entering politics following his term as the King ' s representative . Following the sudden death of Conservative MP David Spence in the middle of the 1940 federal election campaign , Bruce contested and won Spence ' s seat in the Canadian House of Commons in the 1940 federal election . Sitting as the Conservative Member of Parliament for Parkdale , Bruce was an outspoken advocate of conscription . He was re - elected to a second term in the 1945 federal election , but retired from office in 1946 . His autobiography , " Varied Operations " , was published in 1958 . He died in Toronto on June 23 , 1963 . He is buried in section Q - 143 in Mount Pleasant Cemetery , Toronto .
AIR - 2 Genie AIR - 2 Genie was a line of Air - Air missiles with nuclear warheads for tactical purposes Manufactured by United States of America and Canada . In the period under 1957 - 1962 , Being in service 1965 the 1984 . Were produced about 3 , 000 such missiles . AIR - 2 was 2 . 95 m long , 44 cm , weighed 372 kg and reached Mach 3 . 3 Development and tactical employment . AIR - 2 Genie was developed to attack large strategic bombers that the Soviet Union was building up in the 1950s . The yield of nuclear warhead AIR - 2 Genie was 1 . 5 kilotons . Although at high altitudes the impact of a tactical nuclear weapon , this type , was reduced due to the rarefied atmosphere of more than 10 km in height ( which reduces the strength of any kinetic impact ) , its use was very efficient when considering the electromagnetic pulse ( EMP ) generated by the explosion of the warhead . The electromagnetic pulse could destroy all electronic systems , communications and guiding of the enemy aircraft , and even essential electrical parts f the plane . That is , this weapon , even if detonated at a distance of a group of Bombers opponents could disable them or damage them seriously , they were overthrown by facilitating any American fighter then . In the early 1950s , the USSR developed the strategic bomber Tupolev Tu - 95 Bear . With autonomy 10 - 12 thousand km , i . e . , ability to lead large nuclear weapons to U . S . territory . As then the nuclear strategy of great powers was centered in strategic bombers , Possession of a weapon effective against bombers could mean victory in a major battle in the air Arctic . The United States decided to build this type of weapon during the first decade of Cold War to try to prevent the USSR had no capacity to retaliate against American territory with a nuclear attack , if attacked with nuclear weapons , Ie to try to maintain the U . S . nuclear superiority clear that continued until 1960 .
Veljun massacre The Veljun massacre refers to the May 1941 mass killing of 400 Serbs by members of the Ustaše in the village of Veljun in the Kordun region of the Independent State of Croatia during World War II . The victims were drawn from the village of Veljun and its surroundings . This massacre was the second mass crime committed by the Ustaše after they came to power . The massacre was committed by a group under the direct command of Vjekoslav Luburić .