naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Roger Allen LaPorte Roger Allen LaPorte ( July 16 , 1943 – November 10 , 1965 ) is best known as a protester of the Vietnam War who set himself on fire in front of the United Nations building in New York City on November 9 , 1965 , to protest the United States involvement in the war . A former seminarian , he was a 22 year - old member of the Catholic Worker Movement at the time of his death . Life . Born in Geneva , New York , he was active in public speaking and debate clubs winning awards . His parents divorced after Roger graduated from high school . Before joining the Catholic Workers , he had attended a seminary in Vermont and hoped to become a monk . He , however , withdrew from the seminary early and attended ( and graduated ) from Holy Ghost Academy , Tupper Lake , New York in 1961 . Preceding immolations . On June 11 , 1963 Thích Quảng Đức , a Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist monk burned himself to death at a busy Saigon road intersection . Thích Quảng Đức was protesting the persecution of Buddhists by South Vietnam ' s Ngô Đình Diệm administration . Photos of his self - immolation were circulated widely across the world and brought attention to the policies of the Diệm regime . On March 16 , 1965 Alice Herz , an 82 year old pacifist , immolated herself on a Detroit street corner in protest of the escalating Vietnam War . A man and his two boys were driving by and saw her burning and put out the flames . She died of her wounds ten days later . On November 2 , 1965 , Norman Morrison doused himself in kerosene and set himself on fire below Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara ' s Pentagon office . Political suicide . On November 9 , 1965 , in front of the Dag Hammarskjold Library at the United Nations in New York , he composed himself in the position of the Buddhist monk s who had immolated themselves in Vietnam earlier , doused himself with gasoline , and set himself aflame . La Porte died the next day at Bellevue Hospital from second - and third - degree burns covering 95 percent of his body . Despite his burns , he remained conscious and able to speak . When asked why he had burned himself , La Porte calmly replied , " I ' m a Catholic Worker . I ' m against war , all wars . I did this as a religious action . "
Stinson 108 The Stinson 108 was a popular general aviation aircraft produced by the Stinson division of the American airplane company Consolidated Vultee , from immediately after World War II to 1950 . It was developed from the prewar Model 10A Voyager . Stinson was bought by Piper Aircraft in 1949 . All Stinson model 108 , 108 - 1 , 108 - 2 , 108 - 3 and 108 - 4 aircraft were built by Stinson at Wayne , Michigan . When Stinson sold the type certificate to Piper in 1949 , approximately 325 airplanes of the 5 , 260 model 108s built by Stinson were complete but unsold . These 325 model 108s went to Piper as part of the sale . Piper then sold that inventory as the Piper - Stinson over the next few years . Design and development . The fuselage was of fabric - covered steel tube . Aftermarket modifiers have obtained supplemental type certificate s ( STC ) allowing conversion to an aluminum covering . Many different engines have been installed in the 108 by STC such as the Lycoming O - 360 , Franklin 220 | 220 , Continental O - 470 . One distinctive feature was the partial leading edge slot installed on the wings and aligned with the ailerons on the trailing edge , ensuring that the portion of the wing containing the aileron remains unstalled at higher angles of attack , thus contributing to docile stall behavior . Total new production of the Stinson Model 108 , by Stinson , was 5 , 260 , total does not include the 2 converted prototypes . Stinson delivered approximately 4 , 935 aircraft and Piper delivered approximately 325 aircraft . Piper later sold the type certificate to Univair Aircraft Corporation . Univair built and certified the model 108 - 5 , 1 built . Total new model production by Stinson and Univair is 5 , 261 aircraft . Variants . The 108 variants closely resemble each other but can be visually distinguished by their design changes :
HMS Lion ( 1777 ) HMS " Lion " was a 64 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , of the " Worcester " class , launched on 3 September 1777 at Portsmouth Dockyard . She fought at the Battle of Grenada under Captain William Cornwallis on 6 July 1779 , where she was badly damaged and forced to run downwind to Jamaica . She remained on the Jamaica station for the next year . In March 1780 , the " Lion " fought an action in company with two other ships against a larger French force off Monte Christi on San Domingo . A second action took place in June 1780 near Bermuda when Cornwallis in the " Lion " with three other ships of the line and a fifty - gun ship met a larger French squadron carrying the troops of Rochambeau to North America . The French were too strong for Cornwallis ' s squadron , but were content to continue with their mission instead of attacking the smaller British force . . " Lion " then returned to England , carrying with her Horatio Nelson , who was ill with malaria . In late July 1793 , under the command of Captain Sir Erasmus Gower , HMS " Lion " escorted the East Indiaman " Hindostan " which carried the British ambassador Lord Macartney to the Bohai Gulf , off the Hai River , on his way to visit the Qianlong Emperor of China ( the Macartney embassy ) . The ambassador and his party were conveyed up river by light craft to Tianjin before proceeding by land to Beijing On reaching Tianjin , Macartney sent orders to " Lion " to proceed to Japan , but because of sickness among the crew she was unable to do so . The embassy rejoined " Lion " at Canton in December 1793 . The ship ' s journal from this voyage is in the library of Cornell University . In 1796 , she visited Cape Town ; in 1797 , her crew were among those who joined the Mutiny at the Nore . In 1798 , now under the command of Sir Manley Dixon , " Lion " fought a squadron of Spanish frigates at the Action of 15 July 1798 and captured the " Santa Dorotea " . She then took part in the siege of Malta , and with HMS " Penelope " and HMS " Foudroyant " captured the French 80 - gun ship " Guillaume Tell " as she tried to escape from the blockade ( " Guillaume Tell " was subsequently bought into the Royal Navy as HMS " Malta " ) . In July 1807 in the Malacca Strait she successfully protected from the French frigate " Semillante " , without an engagement , a convoy homeward bound from China . In 1811 , under the command of Captain Henry Heathcote , " Lion " was one of a large fleet of ships involved in the capture of Java from Dutch forces . She was converted to a sheer hulk in September 1816 , following the end of the Napoleonic wars , and was sold to be broken up at Chatham on 30 November 1837 .
Hawker P . 1052 The Hawker P . 1052 was a British experimental aircraft built by Hawker Aircraft Limited for trials with swept wings . Design and development . Designed to meet Air Ministry specification E . 38 / 46 the P . 1052 was similar to the Hawker P . 1040 ( Hawker Sea Hawk ) in most aspects , with the main difference being the wings were swept back at an angle of 35° . The tailplane was cropped to a shorter span . The first prototype ( " VX272 " ) first flew on 19 November 1948 , and the second prototype ( " VX279 " ) on 13 April 1949 . During the winter of 1949 - 50 the first prototype had both wings and fuselage strengthened after structural tests on a third , non - flying airframe . At about the same time the second prototype was fitted with a variable incidence tailplane . In 1950 this aircraft was rebuilt with a single jet outlet and swept empennage as the Hawker P . 1081 . Its now redundant rear fuselage was then strengthened , fitted with an arrestor hook and transferred after some delay to the first prototype . Now the only P . 1052 , it was fitted with a bullet fairing at the tailplane - fin intersection which improved its high speed behaviour . In May 1952 , with a long stroke Sea Hawk undercarriage it undertook much delayed take - off and landing trials on board HMS " Eagle " . In June it received its last modification , a variable incidence swept tailplane , and it flew on high speed trials with the RAE until a forced landing in September 1953 took it out of service . A rocket assisted version of the P . 1052 , designated P . 1078 and using the Armstrong Siddeley Snarler engine was the subject of a design study , but because work on the unswept P . 1040 based Hawker P . 1072 was more advanced , the P . 1078 was not built . No more P . 1052s were built as work had been transferred to the P . 1067 ( Hawker Hunter ) . The P . 1052 was part of the transition from the straight - winged , centrifugally powered Sea Hawk to the axially powered , swept - wing Hunter . Aircraft on display . The first prototype " VX272 " is displayed at the Fleet Air Arm Museum , Yeovilton .
Firmin Sword of Peace The Firmin Sword of Peace ( previously known as the Wilkinson Sword of Peace ) is an award given to units of the British Armed Forces for activities above and beyond the unit ' s normal role that improve relations with the community , either within the United Kingdom , or overseas . The award was established by British swordmaker Wilkinson Sword in 1966 , with the company presenting a ceremonial sword to one unit each of the Royal Navy ( including the Royal Fleet Auxiliary ) , British Army , and Royal Air Force ; each unit having been judged as making the most outstanding contribution to community relations within each service during the calendar year . An award can be shared between multiple units on the same operation : for example , the 1998 Navy award was presented to the Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships and for their involvement in Operation Teller ( the British relief response to Hurricane Mitch ) . The award can also be shared with foreign military units : the frigates and received the 1983 Navy Sword of Peace after a series of port visits made by the two ships to African nations sparked several diplomatic initiatives . From 1994 onwards , the company began presenting a fourth sword to any joint - service unit or " ad hoc " single - operation unit that met the criteria for the award . Unlike the awards for the three services , the " Special " sword was only presented if such a unit existed and was deemed worth recognising . After Wilkinson stopped the production of swords in 2005 , Firmin & Sons began sponsoring the award .
Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector The Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector ( OCADS ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command ' s 29th Air Division at Oklahoma City Air Force Station , Oklahoma . History . Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector was established in 1960 as manual sector as part of phaseout of Central Air Defense Force ; it was discontinued 1 September 1961 and its personnel and equipment transferred to the 4752d Air Defense Wing , which was designated . organized and assigned to the 32nd Air Division on 1 September 1961 . This change was short - lived , for the 4752nd Wing was discontinued and replaced once again by the Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector on 25 June 1963 as a result of the realignment and expansion of the 29th Air Division . Finally , the sector was inactivated and replaced by the 31st Air Division on 1 April 1966 . The sector operated a Manual Air Defense Control Center ( ADCC ) , P - 86 , later redesignated Manual Combat Center ( MCC - 11 ) and later NORAD Sector Combat Center ( Manual ) . References . Bibliography . Further Reading
Pete Peterson Douglas Brian " Pete " Peterson ( born June 26 , 1935 , Omaha , Nebraska ) was a U . S . Air Force pilot who spent over six years as a prisoner of the North Vietnamese Army after his plane was shot down during the Vietnam War . He returned to Hanoi in 1997 as the first United States Ambassador to Vietnam . He was an ambassador until 2001 , after which he devoted himself to philanthropic work . Biography . Education , military service . Peterson grew up in Milton , Iowa and attended college at the University of Tampa . He joined the Air Force and served in Vietnam , where his F4 Phantom was shot down on September 10 , 1966 . He spent six years in prison , a period he described as " hours and hours of boredom , spliced with moments of stark terror . " He was released March 4 , 1973 . Academic , political career . After the war ended , Peterson entered Central Michigan University in order to earn his Ph . D in finance . He later taught the subject as a professor at Florida State University . In 1990 , Peterson ran as a Democrat for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in Florida ' s 2nd congressional district . He defeated James W . Grant , a politician who grew unpopular after switching from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party in the middle of his second term . He declined to run for a fourth term ( he was succeeded by Allen Boyd ) and in 1997 was asked by President Bill Clinton to become the United States ' s first post - war ambassador to Vietnam . One of his goals was securing an account of those still listed as missing in action from the war and so helping to resolve the Vietnam War POW / MIA issue . In 1995 his first wife Carlotta had died , and two weeks after his installation in Hanoi he met Vi Le , Australia ' s senior trade commissioner , born in Vietnam , whom he married . In 1999 , he moved to Melbourne so they could be closer to her family . On November 17 , 2000 , he was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Clinton . Philanthropy , business . Since retiring as ambassador , Peterson founded The Alliance for Safe Children , TASC , which aims to lower preventable injuries to children worldwide , and focuses specifically on such issues as drowning in Asia . With his wife he started a company whose aim it is to promote American business in Southeast Asia . In 2009 , Peterson acquired Australian citizenship . Peterson is a Senior Director for Albright Stonebridge Group , an international strategic consulting firm .
15 cm sFH 02 The 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze 1902 was a German heavy field howitzer introduced in 1903 and which served in World War I . Design and history . It was the first artillery piece to use a modern recoil system in the German Army . Some 416 were in service at the beginning of the war . Its mobility , which allowed it to be deployed as medium artillery , and fairly heavy shell gave the German army a firepower advantage in the early battles in Belgium and France in 1914 as the French and British armies lacked an equivalent .
HMS Hunter ( 1812 ) HMS " Hunter " was a 10 - gun brig of the Royal Navy . She was launched in 1812 and served on the Canadian Lakes during the War of 1812 . Shortly after entering service she covered the British attack on Fort Shelby . She was part of a squadron under Commander Robert Heriot Barclay on Lake Erie in 1813 and took part in the Battle of Lake Erie . She was captured along with the rest of Barclay ' s squadron during the battle . The wreck of the " Hunter " was discovered in 2001 under the sand on the beach in Southampton , Ontario .
Brant ' s Volunteers Brant ' s Volunteers was an irregular corps raised in spring of 1777 during the American Revolutionary War by Joseph Brant which fought on the British side in the Province of New York . The corps initial size was about one hundred men consisting of one - fifth Mohawk and the rest New York Loyalists . The Loyalists were mostly of English , Scottish or Irish descent and drawn from New York . They wore a piece of yellow lace on their hats as identification . Why the Loyalists would prefer Brant ' s command is difficult to explain ; some refused any other service whatsoever . A simple explanation is that they were wild and undisciplined . Brant ' s men , at least on occasion , dressed as Indians due to lack of supply and to disguise themselves while raiding their former neighbors : " Colonel Alden ' s Report To General , Stark . Head Quarters , Cherey Valley Aug ' st 12th 1778 . Dear General ; I have the honour to Informe you that this Morning a Scout of mine Came in who have been Peace Down the Suscohanna taking their rout round by the Butternuts and Returnd by the way of one Tunecliffts who they have , with fourteen or fifteen other Torrys , Brought In Likewise two of Brant ' s party , who ware Collecting Cattel at the Butternuts for Brant . Ware Clothed and painted Like Indians ; with them they have Brought about one hundred head of horn ' d Cattel , and horses besides thirty or Forty Sheep then of Brant ' s Party ware a Scout up to the Butternuts from the Unidlles and ware there Collecting Cattle , Expectlng In two or three Days a Party from Brant ' s to assist in Careing them Down , but as good Luck would have It we have ben two quick for them , I have Exeamined them and verily think all of them to be Enemys to this Country , Should much Rather fall Into the hands of Brant then either of them . " Though Joseph himself received a Captain ' s commission in the Six Nations Indian Dept . , Brant ' s Volunteers were Associators ; they were unpaid by the British and relied upon plunder ( and Joseph ' s credit ) for their compensation . Eventually , Frederick Haldimand authorized provisioning , but no money . Since their unit had no official recognition , many members transferred to Butler ' s Rangers and the King ' s Royal Regiment of New York . It grew to at least three hundred men . Later in the war , Brant was able to attract a larger number of Indians to his unit . They were at the Battle of Oriskany ( 1777 ) , Battle of Cobleskill , Battle of Minisink , Attack on German Flatts , Raid on Springfield ( 1778 ) and at many other battles seeing more action than most other units . A few of the non - natives were still with the unit at the end of the war and settled with Brant along the Grand River in Canada . Legacy . There are three reenactment groups . One , Brant ' s Volunteers ( Oquaga ) is based in Brant ' s home in the Mohawk Valley of NY : www . oquagavolunteers . com The second group is associated with the Northwest Territorial Alliance ( NWTA ) and are based in Indiana . A third is based out of Fort Niagara in western NY .
USS Burns ( DD - 588 ) USS " Burns " ( DD - 588 ) , a , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Captain Hugh Otway Burns ( 1775 – 1850 ) , a privateer in the War of 1812 . " Hugh Burns " was launched 8 August 1942 by Charleston Navy Yard ; sponsored by Mrs . Harry L . Smith , great - granddaughter of Captain Hugh Burns ; and commissioned 3 April 1943 , Commander D . T . Eller in command . Service history . " Burns " arrived at Pearl Harbor 17 September 1943 and after a few weeks of training , embarked upon an outstanding World War II career . Between October 1943 and July 1945 , with the exception of a stateside yard period ( February – April 1945 ) , " Burns " participated in the following operations , acting as anti - submarine escort , picket ship , fighter director ship , and aircraft rescue ship : On 30 January 1944 , after picking up three downed American aviators , " Burns " was off Ujae Atoll en route to rejoin her task group when she came upon a small Japan ese convoy . During the ensuing 34 - minute battle she succeeded in sinking all four Japanese vessels , a small cargo ship , a medium tanker , and two small , either cargo or escort , ships . Shortly thereafter " Burns " , as a unit of Task Group 50 . 9 ( TG 50 . 9 ) , took part in a surface action off Truk , Caroline Islands ( 17 February 1944 ) . She assisted in sinking at 07°45 ' N . 151°20 ' E . , and a trawler before being ordered to track down and dispose of the , which was accomplished at 1655 in 07°24 ' N . , 150°30 ' E . Six Japanese survivors were rescued . After the cessation of hostilities " Burns " remained in the Far East on occupation duty until December 1945 . During this period she operated in the Yellow Sea supporting the occupation of Korea and China . She departed the $ 3 29 December 1945 and arrived at San Francisco 8 January 1946 . She then reported to the 19th Fleet for inactivation and was placed out of commission in reserve 25 June 1946 at San Diego . " Burns " was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register 1 November 1972 , and sunk as a target 20 June 1974 . Awards . " Burns " received 11 battle star s for her World War II service .
German submarine U - 257 German submarine " U - 257 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen - Vegesack on 22 February 1941 as ' werk ' 22 . She was launched on 19 November and commissioned on 14 January 1942 under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Heinz Rahe . " U - 257 " was assigned to the 5th U - Boat Flotilla for training , then transferred to the 3rd U - boat Flotilla for operational service . She was sunk by Allied warships in mid - Atlantic in February 1944 . Service history . The boat carried out six patrols , but did not sink or damage any ships . She was a member of seven wolfpack s . 1st patrol . " U - 256 " s first patrol began on 21 September 1942 from Bergen in Norway . Her route took her across the North Sea , through the ' gap ' between the Faroe and Shetland Islands and into the Atlantic Ocean . She docked at La Pallice in occupied France , on 18 October . 2nd , 3rd and 4th patrols . These sorties passed without major incident . 5th patrol . The boat was attacked from the air twice in one day . " U - 257 " , in the company of " U - 600 " and " U - 615 " was transitting the Bay of Biscay , outbound on 14 June 1943 , when a Sunderland flying boat of 228 Squadron RAF unsuccessfully depth charge d the three boats . In the afternoon , it was much the same story , but this time a Whitley from No . 10 OTU was involved . One man from the U - boat ' s crew was wounded . A second Whitley from the same unit arrived , but could only exchange fire with the submarine as it had expended all its depth charges in a previous engagement , the boat escaped . 6th patrol and loss . The submarine had moved to St . Nazaire ; she departed from this French Atlantic port on 2 January 1944 . On 24 February , she was attacked and sunk in mid - Atlantic by the Canadian frigate HMCS " Wakesiu " , assisted by HMS " Neane " . ( A former crew member from the " Wakesiu " has stated that " Neane " merely picked survivors up ) . Thirty men died in the sinking , there were nineteen survivors .
Lumsden ' s Horse Lumsden ' s Horse was the name given to the Indian Mounted Infantry Corps , which was formed in Calcutta in 1899 by Lt Colonel Dugald Mactavish Lumsden of the Assam Valley Light Horse . The new corps was raised from volunteers from various existing Indian regiments , including the Assam Valley Light Horse . Colonel Lumsden contributed 50 , 000 rupees . The Corps left Calcutta 250 strong in February 1900 to take part in the Second Boer War , under the command of Field Marshal Lord Roberts . The Corps took part in the march to Bloemfontein , the occupation of Johannesburg and Pretoria , the pursuit of de Wet , and the Barberton & De Kaap campaigns against the Boers . Lord Curzon , Viceroy and Governor General of India placed a memorial tablet in St . Paul ' s Cathedral , Calcutta . It lists those of the Corps who died in action and in sickness . This unit should not be confused with another horse regiment , the famous Guides Cavalry , which was founded by Harry Burnett Lumsden , whose surname was eventually added to that regimental title too : Queen Victoria ' s Own Guides Cavalry ( Lumsden ' s ) .