naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Tyrrellspass Castle Tyrrellspass Castle , dating back to circa 1411 , is situated in the town of Tyrrellspass , County Westmeath , Ireland . It is the only remaining castle of the Tyrrells , who came to Ireland around the time of the Norman Invasion . Architecture . The castle is approx . 20 metres high and follows the general pattern of tower houses , stone built , essentially defensive and comprising a series of superimposed chambers . The original spiral staircase and one of the original roof beams dating from 1280 can still be seen today . Alongside the entrance door is a Murder - hole through which intruders could be attacked . History . Tyrellspass is the modern name for Fartullagh , where in 1597 Captain Richard Tyrrell , a chief ally of Aodh Mór Ó Néill in the Nine Years War , won a major victory against English crown forces in what has become known as the Battle of Tyrrellspass . During the Cromwellian invasion of 1650 , it is said the castle occupants suffered a great deal and many were executed . The castle and surrounding land was acquired soon after by the Rochfort family , who became the Earls of Belvedere . In 1796 the 2nd earl leased the castle to the army as a barracks . In 1850 ownership passed to Charles Brinsley Marlay , grandson of the 1st earl ' s only daughter , after whom it passed to Lieut . - Colonel Charles Howard - Bury , the explorer . He sold off the houses on the estate . After a tumultuous history of intrusion , the castle was extensively restored by Phillip Ginnell in the 1970s . Today . During the early 1990s , the building was converted into a modern restaurant . Today it operates under the name Tyrrellspass Castle Restaurant . It also hosts medieval banquets .
Sidney Souers Sidney William Souers ( March 30 , 1892 – January 14 , 1973 ) was an American admiral and intelligence expert . He held the posts of : Rear Admiral Souers was appointed as the first Director of Central Intelligence on January 23 , 1946 by President Harry S . Truman . Prior to this , as Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence , Souers had been one of the architects of the system that came into being with the President ' s directive . He had written the intelligence chapter of the Eberstadt Report , which advocated a unified intelligence system . Toward the end of 1945 , when the competing plans for a national intelligence system were deadlocked , Souers ' views had come to the attention of the President , and he seems to have played a role in breaking the impasse .
Vladimir Ivanovich Markov Vladimir Ivanovitch Markoff " ( Markov ) " ( July 26 , 1859 Hamina – August , 1919 Saint Petersburg ) was a Finnish Lieutenant General who was also the vice - chairman of the economic division ( Prime minister ) of the Senate of Finland from 1909 to 1913 and the last Finnish Minister Secretary of State in Saint Petersburg from 1913 to 1917 . Biography . His parents were the Viborg merchant Ivan Markov and Elisabet Markov . In 1887 he married Vera Vasiljevna Popova , daughter of the Saint Petersburg merchant Vasili Popov . Markov graduated from Hamina Cadet School in 1881 . He served the Imperial Russian Army in Lithuania , the Moscow Military District , and Rostov . From 1892 he served in the general headquarters in Saint Petersburg . From 1903 to 1909 Markov was head of the mobilisation department . In early 1909 he was made chief of staff of 17th corps . In June 1906 he was appointed military governor of Transbaikal region and chief of Transbaikal Cossack Host . Markov was vice - chairman of the Senate of Finland from 1909 to 1913 , and the last Finnish Minister Secretary of State in Saint Petersburg from 1913 to 1917 . During the February revolution , Markov was relieved of his duties and placed under house arrest in St . Petersburg . He was imprisoned by the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution and died in prison in August 1919 .
10th Alabama Infantry The 10th Regiment Alabama Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 10th Alabama was mustered in at Montgomery , Alabama on June 4 , 1861 . The regiment surrendered at Appomattox Court House . The 10th mustered 1 , 429 men during its existence . It suffered approximately 300 killed in action or mortally wounded and 180 men who died of disease , for a total of approximately 470 fatalities . An additional 249 men were discharged or transferred from the regiment .
Ohama Kagetaka History . Ohama operated as a pirate chief in the area that is present - day Obama in Toba , Mie Prefecture . He held great power in the Ise Bay area as well as being very influential over the Kitabatake clan which held the governorship of the Ise Province . Ohama controlled the Kitabatake family ' s pirates and owned an atakebune , but was defeated by Kuki Yoshitaka , who had allied with Oda Nobunaga in his bid to unify Shima Province . Subsequently , Ise Bay was overrun .
120 - pounder Whitworth naval gun The 120 - pounder Whitworth naval gun was designed by Joseph Whitworth during the 1860s . It was a rifled muzzle loader and used his hexagonal rifled bore design . Service . A number of 120 - pounders were bought by the Brazilian Navy and used to arm some of its ironclad s during the Paraguayan War in the late 1860s .
USS General Pillow ( 1862 ) USS " General Pillow " ( 1862 ) was a gunboat captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War and placed into service with the Union Navy . She served the Union cause from 1862 until the end of war in 1865 . Captured and transferred to the Mississippi Squadron . " General Pillow " ( " Gunboat No . 20 " ) was originally Confederate steamer " B . M . Moore " and served the South as a gunboat until she was captured on the Hatchee River , Tennessee , by 9 June 1862 . She was transferred to the Union Navy by the War Department ; and after outfitting and repairs at Cairo , Illinois . , " General Pillow " departed Cairo 23 August for duty with the Mississippi Squadron , Lt . LeRoy Fitch in command . Operations along the Tennessee and Cumberland . " General Pillow " became part of the light draft squadron on the Tennessee River and the Cumberland River , and for the next several months convoyed troop transports and fought guerrillas on the riverbanks . February 1863 saw her again at Cairo guarding mortar ships and ammunition barges , in addition to making occasional visits to Mound City , Illinois , and the mouth of the Tennessee River . She continued this duty until July 1865 when she was turned over to the Commandant of the Naval Station , Mound City , for disposal . End - of - war decommissioning and sale . " General Pillow " was sold at Mound City 26 November 1865 to Wetzel and Hallerburg .
Rudolf Freiherr von Waldenfels Rudolf Freiherr von Waldenfels ( 4 December 1895 – 14 August 1969 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 6 . Panzer - Division . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Praetorium The Latin term praetorium — or prœtorium or pretorium — originally signified a general ’ s tent within a Roman castra , castellum , or encampment . It derived from the name of one of the chief Roman magistrates , the praetor . ( " Praetor " ( Latin , " leader " ) was originally the title of the highest - ranking civil servant in the Roman Republic , but later became a position directly below the rank of consul . ) The general ’ s war council would meet within this tent , thus acquiring an administrative and juridical meaning that was carried over into the Byzantine Empire , where the " praitōrion " was the residence of a city ' s governor . The term was also used for the emperor ' s headquarters and other large residential buildings or palaces . The name would also be used to identify the praetorian camp and praetorian troops stationed in Rome . A general ' s bodyguard was known as the " cohors praetoriae " , out of which developed the Praetorian Guard , the emperor ' s bodyguard . Description . Due to the vast number of uses for the word praetorium , describing exactly what one is can be difficult . A praetorium could be a large building , a permanent tent structure , or in some cases even be mobile . Exterior . Since the praetorium originated as the officer ' s quarters it could be a tent , but was often a large structure . The important design aspect of the praetorium is not symmetry , but rather proportion of one element to another . The Praetorium was constructed around two open courts , which correspond to the atrium and peristyle of the roman house . Most praetoriums had areas surrounding them delegated for exercise and drills conducted by the troops . The area ahead of the camp would be occupied by the tents housing the commander ' s soldiers . They were made with brick , covered in plaster , with many arch es and columns . Interior . Within the praetorium Roman officers would be able to conduct official business within special designed and designated areas . A Praetorium would normally display information regarding the sportulae ( schedule of fees and taxes ) of its region carved directly into the walls of its main public areas . This would often be located near the office of the financial procurator . Biblical reference . In the New Testament , praetorium refers to the palace of Pontius Pilate , the Roman procurator of Judea . According to the New Testament , this is where Jesus Christ was tried and condemned to death . The Bible refers to the Praetorium as the " common hall , " the " governor ' s house , " the " judgment hall , " " Pilate ' s house , " and the " palace . " As well , Paul was held in Herod ' s Praetorium . References . Notes
Ivan Briukhovetsky Ivan Briukhovetsky ( , ) ( died 18 June 1668 ) was a pro - Russian hetman of Left - Bank Ukraine from 1663 to 1668 . For background see The Ruin ( Ukrainian history ) He was a registered Cossack , belonging to the Chyhyryn Company . Early in his career he served as Bohdan Khmelnytsky ' s courier and diplomatic emissary . He was elected Kosh otaman ( 1661 – 3 ) of the Zaporozhian Sich . At the Chorna rada of 1663 he was elected Hetman of the Left Bank with the support of Moscow . However Briukhovetsky reign and cruelty worked against him , early on he arrested and executed his opponents namely polkovnyk s Samko and Vasili Zolotarenko , for support he signed the Moscow Articles of 1665 , which placed Left Bank Ukraine under direct control of the Tsar . In return , Briukhovetsky acquired the title of Boyar , properties , marriage to Prince Dolgoruky ' s daughter . This treaty went on to be called the " Briukhovetsky treaty " and caused massive rebellion in Ukraine . His popularity among the Clergy fell when he suggested that Moscow to appoint and send a metropolitan to the Kievan Metropolia . As his domestic policies failed Briukhovetsky put the blame on the Russian authorities and with the Cossacks rebelled in an attempt to save his reputation , but it was too late . Faced with his failures as hetman , in 1668 in the town of Budyshchi , a cossack mob killed him by chaining him to a cannon and beating him to death .
Carl Frederick Holden Carl Frederick Holden was an officer of the United States Navy who retired with the rank of Vice Admiral . Born in Bangor , Maine , Holden graduated from the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1917 . He saw service in World War I on destroyers based in Queenstown , Ireland . Lieutenant Commander Holden was given command of the destroyer in 1920 . In 1922 - 1924 he took a Master ' s degree in Electrical Communications Engineering from the Naval Academy and Harvard University , and spent the next ten years on communications - related assignments , including a posting with the Naval Mission to Brazil . He commanded the destroyer in 1932 - 34 , and in 1935 - 36 was sent to Pearl Harbor in Hawaii as District Communications Officer . On the morning of December 7 , 1941 , Holden was serving as Executive Officer with the rank of Commander on the battleship when it was attacked and damaged by Japanese aircraft at Pearl Harbor . In January 1942 he was made Fleet Communication Officer on the Staff of the Commander - in - Chief of the United States Fleet , and was then appointed Director of Naval Communications in September 1942 , replacing Joseph Redman . In 1943 he became the first captain of the battleship , a position he held for most of the war . In 1945 he was made Rear Admiral in charge of Cruiser Division Pacific , and witnessed the Japanese surrender from the deck of the in Tokyo Bay . He subsequently became Commander of US Naval Forces in occupied Germany , retiring from that position ( and the Navy ) in 1952 .
Convention of Alkmaar The Convention of Alkmaar was a 1799 agreement concluded between the commanders of the expeditionary forces of Great Britain and Russia on the one hand , and of those of the First French Republic and the Batavian Republic on the other , in the Dutch city of Alkmaar , by which the British and Russians agreed to withdraw their forces from the Batavian Republic following the failed Anglo - Russian Invasion of Holland . The Russian and British forces under the Duke of York were transported back to Britain in the weeks after the Convention was signed .
Dewoitine D . 750 The Dewoitine D . 750 was a prototype French twin - engined torpedo bomber . It was designed prior to the outbreak of the Second World War to operate from the aircraft carrier s of the French Navy , but only a single example was completed , with development ended by France ' s defeat by Germany in June 1940 . Design and development . In 1937 , the French Air Ministry drew up a specification for a twin - engined torpedo bomber to operate from the French Navy ' s two planned new aircraft carriers , the " Joffre " and " Painlevé " . The Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du Midi ( SNCAM ) submitted a design ( which was developed by the design team formerly of Dewoitine ) , that became part of SNCAM when it was established in 1937 . SNCAM ' s design , the Dewoitine D . 750 was a low - winged monoplane of all - metal stressed skin construction , powered by two Renault 12R air - cooled V12 engines . It was fitted with a retractable tailwheel undercarriage and a twin tail . The fuselage , of similar layout to the competing SNCAO CAO . 600 housed the crew of two or three required by the specification in separate cockpits . The bombardier / navigator sat in the nose , with the pilot sitting behind him , above and to the left of the navigator . The radio operator / gunner sat aft of the wing , operating Darne machine gun s in dorsal and ventral positions . Operational history . Two prototypes of the D . 750 were ordered by the French Air Ministry on 26 June 1939 , the first example making its maiden flight on 6 May 1940 with SNCAM ' s chief test pilot Marcel Doret at the controls . A few days later , however , Nazi Germany invaded France and the Low countries , and the first prototype had not completed manufacturers tests before France surrendered on 25 June . This caused development of the D . 750 to be abandoned , with the second prototype incomplete .
Catesby ap Roger Jones Catesby ap Roger Jones ( April 15 , 1821 - June 20 , 1877 ) was an officer in the U . S . Navy who became a commander in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War . He assumed command of CSS " Virginia " during the Battle of Hampton Roads and engaged the USS " Monitor " in that world famous battle of the two iron clads . Biography . Jones was born in Fairfield , Virginia , son of Major General Roger ap Catesby Jones and Mary Ann Mason ( Page ) . ( The " ap " in his name is a Welsh patronymic meaning " son of " . ) His mother was a lineal descendant of William Byrd of Westover and Robert " King " Carter . This also made her a cousin of General Robert E . Lee . Appointed a Midshipman in 1836 , he served extensively at sea , receiving promotion to the rank of Lieutenant in 1849 . During the 1850s , Jones was involved in development work on Navy weapons and served as ordnance officer on the new steam frigate " Merrimack " when she began active service in 1856 . When Virginia left the Union in April 1861 , Lieutenant Jones resigned his U . S . Navy commission , joining the Virginia State Navy soon thereafter and becoming a Confederate Navy Lieutenant in June . In 1861 – 62 , he was employed in converting the steam frigate USS " Merrimack " into an ironclad and was the ship ' s Executive Officer when she was commissioned as the " Virginia " . During the Battle of Hampton Roads , when her Commanding Officer , Captain Franklin Buchanan , was wounded in the March 8 , 1862 attack on USS " Cumberland " and " Congress " , Jones temporarily took command , leading the ship during her historic engagement with USS " Monitor " on the following day . Later in 1862 , he commanded a shore battery at Drewry ’ s Bluff , on the James River , and the gunboat " Chattahoochee " while she was under construction at Saffold , Georgia . For his " gallant and meritorious conduct " during the battles of Hampton Roads and Drewry ' s Bluff , Jones was promoted to the rank of Commander on April 29 , 1863 . Jones was sent to Selma , Alabama , to take charge of the Ordnance Works there . For the rest of the Civil War , he supervised the manufacture of badly needed heavy guns for the Confederate armed forces . With the end of the conflict in May 1865 , Jones went into private business . After working in South America , he made his residence in Selma , Alabama where , on June 20 , 1877 , he was shot and killed by another man as a result of a feud between his son and another man ' s son .
835th Air Division The 835th Air Division ( 835th AD ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with Tactical Air Command , assigned to Twelfth Air Force , being stationed at McConnell AFB , Kansas . It was inactivated on 30 June 1971 . The unit was an intermediate command echelon of Tactical Air Command , providing command and control of several tactical fighter wings along with support aircraft and an Air National Guard reconnaissance Wing . The division assumed responsibility for training in close air support , air defense , and participated in joint operations from July 1964 – June 1971 . Inactivated as a result of budget reductions , its units being consolidated directly into Twelfth Air Force . History . Components . Wings Squadrons
M90 ( camouflage ) M90 camouflage is the camouflage pattern used by the Swedish armed forces . In addition to the standard pattern , desert and jungle variants have been developed for the international peace - keeping missions in Afghanistan and Liberia . The pattern employs basically a downscaled pattern of what ' s been used on vehicles since the late 1970s , consisting of hard lined geometric shapes in order to create a camouflage pattern effective in the temperate forests and plains of Sweden . M90 camouflage comprises four colours : dark green , medium green , dark navy blue and grey . Navy blue was chosen instead of black because natural shadows generally tend to be in shades of blue to the human eye . Models . M90 combat clothing entered service during the late 1980s , with widespread use beginning the early 1990s . It replaced the earlier olive green M59 field uniform . The uniform is available in several different models . The changing missions for the Swedish armed forces , with a heavier emphasis on missions abroad , has led to two new models .
Sandomierz Castle The Sandomierz Royal Castle is a medieval structure in Sandomierz , Poland . It was built on a slope of Vistula River by Casimir III the Great and extended in the 16th century . The original building was blown up in 1656 , leaving only the west wing standing . It was later transformed into a Renaissance styled residence with the west wing preserved as a museum . History . The 14th - century castle was built on the site of the existing stronghold in the 10th century . Between 1146 - 1166 it was the seat of Prince Henry of Sandomierz , son of Bolesław III Wrymouth . The Gothic castle was built by Casimir the Great . The remnants of the Gothic structure are visible in the foundations of the octagonal tower of the south corner , which is the oldest part of the monument . The existing tower was built during the reign of Casimir IV Jagiellon in the 15th century as an integral part of the so - called " Great House " , the seat of the prince . During the reign of Sigismund I the Old and Sigismund II Augustus , the castle was enlarged . The Sigismund the Old ' s cornerstone preserved above the entrance on the east side of the array . It bears the date 1520 and a cartouche with Sigismund ' s eagle . The construction was supervised by the Royal architect Benedyct Sandomierski , who erected two - storey arcaded cloisters around a closed courtyard . During the Deluge the castle was blown up by the retreating Swedish troops of general Sincler . About fifty Poles , who entered the abandoned castle , were killed . The survived western wing of the castle was later rebuilt during the reign of king John III Sobieski between 1680 - 1688 .
Operation Dingson Operation Dingson ( 5 – 18 June 1944 ) was an operation in the Second World War , conducted by 178 Free French paratroops of the 4th Special Air Service ( SAS ) , commanded by Colonel Pierre - Louis Bourgoin , who jumped into German occupied France near Vannes , Morbihan , Southern Brittany , in Plumelec , on the night of 5 June 1944 ( 11 h 30 ) with Captain Pierre Marienne and 17 men , then advanced to Saint - Marcel ( 8 – 18 June ) . At this time , there were approximately 100 , 000 German troops , and artillery , preparing to move to the Normandy landing areas . Immediately upon landing in Brittany , on the night of 5 June 1944 ( 11 h 30 ) , the Free French SAS who jumped in near Plumelec , went into action fighting against German troops ( Vlassov ' s army ) . One hour later ( 0 h 40 ) , the first victim of the liberation of his country , Corporal Emile Bouétard ( born 1915 in Brittany ) was killed near Plumelec . The Free French SAS established a base ( Saint - Marcel ) and began to arm and equip members of local resistance fighters , operating with up to 3 , 000 Maquis fighters . However , their base was heavily attacked by a German paratroop division on 18 June and was forced to disperse . Captain Pierre Marienne with 17 of his companions ( 6 paratroopers , 8 resistance fighters and 3 farmers ) died a few weeks later in Kerihuel , Plumelec , ( 12 July at dawn ) . The Dingson team was joined by the men who had just completed Operation Cooney . Dingson was conducted alongside Operation Samwest and Operation Lost . Operation Dingson 35A . On 5 August 1944 , 10 Waco CG - 4 gliders towed by aircraft of 298 Squadron and 644 Squadron transported the French SAS men and armed jeeps to Brittany near Vannes ( Locoal - Mendon ) , each glider carrying 3 SAS troopers and a jeep which carried two Vickers K machine guns plus explosives , sten guns and a Piat antitank gun . The gliders were escorted by 32 Spitfires for part of the trip . One glider was lost with the death of the British pilot . The SAS teams remained behind enemy lines in occupied territory until the Allies arrived . The glider pilots were looked after by the local Resistance and then met up with the advancing American army at Auray .
Daniel McDaniel Brigadier Daniel McDaniel is a senior officer in the Australian Army , currently serving as the acting Special Operations Commander after Major General Angus Campbell was promoted and reassigned . Service history . McDaniel entered the Royal Military College , Duntroon in 1988 . He graduated into the Royal Australian Infantry Corps in 1989 and served initially in the 1st Battalion , Royal Australian Regiment . McDaniel assumed command of the Special Air Service Regiment during 2007 being relieved in 2008 .