naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
RML 7 pounder Mountain Gun The Ordnance RML 7 pounder Mk IV " Steel Gun " was a rifled muzzle - loading mountain gun primarily used by the Indian Army . 7 pounder referred to the approximate weight of the shell it fired . History . Development began in 1864 to replace the RBL 6 pounder gun of 3cwt , which had proved too heavy for a mountain gun . Several Mks of 7 pounder RML of 2 cwt were tried in 1865 by boring out and rifling old SBML bronze guns , but were still too heavy . Several Mks of new steel barrels ( the first British all - steel gun , hence the name " Steel Gun " ) were then produced of and but were not considered powerful enough . Mk IV of with a longer bore was settled on for production in 1873 . It was superseded by the RML 2 . 5 inch Mountain Gun from 1879 . Combat Use . It could be assembled and a round loaded in 20 seconds . Its Common shell was considered ineffective . To give it a high angle capability , a Double shell was produced of increased length and containing a larger bursting charge . This was fired with a reduced charge , but the low muzzle velocity did not always arm the fuze , or prevent the over - long projectile from somersaulting . Shell rotation was effected by studs on the body of the shell . Elevation was by quoin or wedge and by screw . Anglo - Zulu War 1879 . Britain deployed several guns mounted on Colonial ( or " Kaffraria " ) carriages : light field gun type carriages with larger wider - spaced wheels suited for being horse - drawn across long grass . First Boer War 1880 - 1881 . Britain deployed 4 guns mounted on standard small mountain carriages during the war . Second Boer War 1899 - 1902 . The gun was employed mounted on armoured trains and used by local militia forces early in the war . It was also employed mounted on normal field carriages with larger wheels which increased mobility in the long grass and allowed it to be towed by horses . Anglo - Aro War . Column No . 4 of The British assembled Aro Field Force deployed one 7 pounder gun during the battles in and around Arochukwu . Surviving examples . Today , several examples of the guns still exist around the world :
Nambu Type 94 The Nambu Type 94 was a Japanese pistol used in the Second World War . Description . Nambu Type 94 pistol was adopted by Imperial Japanese Army in 1934 ( year 2594 of the contemporary Japanese calendar ) . It was developed to complement and eventually replace the older Type 14 Nambu pistol in military service , but limited industrial capabilities of the Imperial Japan didn ' t let it happen . Originally only a marginally adequate pistol , by the end of WW2 the Type 94 pistol evolved into the one of the worst military sidearms of the period , due to severely deteriorated quality of materials and workmanship , used in production of this gun . Late production examples of this gun can be simply unsafe to fire , and even the early production guns , which were made to more or less high standards of fit and finish , had some undesirable and unsafe features , such as exposed trigger bar , which can cause unintended discharges if the loaded and cocked gun is handled improperly or carelessly . Total production of these pistols between 1934 and 1945 is estimated at 65 - 70 thousands guns . Nambu Type 94 pistol is short recoil operated , locked breech weapon . To lock the barrel and slide during early stages of recoil , it employs a vertically sliding locking block , which is installed below the breech part of the barrel and allowed to rise and fall for short distance within its guiding cut . The locking block projects to both sides from the barrel , to engage cuts made on the underside of the slide . When parts are in battery , the locking block is forced up by sloped surface on the frame , locking the slide to the barrel . Upon recoil , the sloped surface in the frame allows the locking block to slip down , disengaging from the slide and unlocking it . The breech block ( bolt ) is made as a separate item and removable attached to the slide by a cross - bolt . The trigger is of single action type , with internal ( concealed ) hammer . Manual safety lever is located at the left side of the frame , above and to the rear of the grip panel . The single stack box magazine has capacity of just 6 rounds , magazine release button is located at the base of the trigger guard .
Allied order of battle for Operation Mascot This article provides an order of battle for the Allied forces involved in the Operation Mascot attack on the German battleship " Tirpitz " on 17 July 1944 . Home Fleet forces dispatched . The attack force comprised the following ships and Fleet Air Arm units : Strike force . The strike force launched in the early hours of 17 July comprised the following units :
25th Antisubmarine Squadron The 25th Antisubmarine Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the Second Air Force , based at Clovis Army Airfield , New Mexico . It was inactivated on 28 October 1943 . History . Operational history . Performed antisubmarine patrols , 28 May – August 1943 . Squadron inactivated after USAAF turned antisubmarine mission over to the United States Navy . Aircraft turned over to Navy upon inactivation for use in maritime reconnaissance and antisubmarine warfare . B - 25s were assigned the designations PBJ - 1C and PBJ - 1D respectively .
Alastair Ogilvy Squadron Leader Charles Alexander " Alistair " Ogilvy ( 30 November 1915 – 23 February 1995 ) was a British Royal Air Force officer who flew with Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain but due to records being lost during World War II was not recognised as one of The Few until after his death . Early life . Ogilvy , who known throughout his life as Alastair , was born on 30 November 1915 in Kelso , Scotland , the eldest of five sons . He was educated at Edinburgh Academy . After leaving school he moved to London and worked for the Northern Assurance Company . Whilst living in London Ogilvy played rugby union for the London Scottish rugby club . Royal Air Force . Ogilvy joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in 1939 and was trained as a pilot at RAF Woodley near Reading . He was given the rank of Sergeant on 29 September 1940 . He joined No . 610 Squadron RAF at RAF Acklington on 14 October 1940 and flew two operational sortie s on 25 October 1940 , this qualifying him for the Battle of Britain Clasp . Ogilvy was posted to RAF Cranwell as a flying instructor , where he trained more than 120 pilots over a 3 - year period in over 1 , 000 flights . He was commissioned on 29 September 1941 and promoted to the rank of Flight Lieutenant on 29 September 1942 . He was posted to No . 622 Squadron RAF at RAF Mildenhall in 1945 , flying Lancaster bombers , and took part in 16 bombing raids , as well as Operations Manna ( delivering food parcels to the Netherlands ) , Exodus ( bringing home British prisoners of war ) , Baedecker , and Dodge Bari . Later life . Ogilvy had married in 1939 and had two daughters , Anne born in 1940 and Susan born in 1942 . After the end of the war Ogilvy returned to the insurance business . He continued to play rugby union for the London Scottish rugby club , captaining the 1st XV in 1946 - 7 season . He finally retired in 1985 by which time he was a director and secretary of the Reinsurance Offices Association . He enjoyed his golf and garden , and was a Church warden . Ogilvy died , aged 79 , on 23 February 1995 . Recognition as one of The Few . Upon the death of her mother , Susan , Ogilvy ' s daughter , found that her father ' s 1939 – 45 Star medal had a Battle of Britain Clasp on it . She also found records which showed her father had flown Spitfires and took part in two sorties on 25 October 1940 . She hired a researcher and contacted the Battle of Britain Memorial Committee to start the process of verifying her father ' s wartime records . Initially it was believed that Ogilvy ' s name could not be added to the Battle of Britain London Monument but after support from a company , the name was added to the bronze panel . Ogilvy ' s name was unveiled on 26 July 2010 . Present were Ogilvy ' s daughter , Susan , Robert Foster ( pilot ) , the Chairman of the Battle of Britain Fighter Association , Councillor Robert Davis , Deputy Leader Westminster City Council , Michael Conway , managing director FM Conway ( who had funded the addition ) , and Air Commodore Gordon Bruce , representing the Chief of the Air Staff .
French ship Astrolabe ( 1811 ) The Astrolabe was a horse barge converted to an exploration ship of the French Navy . She is famous for her travels with Jules Dumont d ' Urville . The name derives from an early navigational instrument , the astrolabe , a precursor to the sextant . Legacy . The Astrolabe Subglacial Basin in Antarctica bears her name , as do the Astrolabe Glacier , the Astrolabe Needle , Astrolabe Island , Great Astrolabe Reef ( off Kadavu island , Fiji ) and Astrolabe Reef ( New Zealand ) .
Fort Winnebago Surgeon ' s Quarters The Fort Winnebago Surgeon ' s Quarters was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 . History . The building was used by the United States Army for Fort Winnebago . The building is owned by the Wisconsin Daughters of the American Revolution who operate it as a museum with 19th century period furnishings . The museum also features a 19th century one room schoolhouse that was in use until 1960 .
Battle of Chios ( 1319 ) The Battle of Chios was a naval battle fought off the shore of the eastern Aegean island of Chios between a Latin Christian — mainly Hospitaller — fleet and a Turkish fleet from the Aydinid emirate . Background . The collapse of Byzantine power in western Anatolia and the Aegean Sea in the late 13th century , as well as the disbandment of the Byzantine navy in 1284 , created a power vacuum in the region , which was swiftly exploited by the Turkish beyliks and the " ghazi " raiders . Utilizing local Greek seamen , the Turks began to engage in piracy across the Aegean , targeting especially the numerous Latin island possessions . Turkish corsair activities were aided by the feuds between the two major Latin maritime states , Venice and Genoa . In 1304 , the Turks of Menteshe ( and later the Aydinids ) captured the port town of Ephesus , and the islands of the eastern Aegean seemed about to fall to Turkish raiders . To forestall such a calamitous event , in the same year the Genoese occupied Chios , where Benedetto I Zaccaria established a minor principality , while in 1308 the Knights of Saint John ( Hospitallers ) occupied Rhodes . These two powers would bear the brunt of countering Turkish pirate raids until 1329 . Battle off Chios and aftermath . In July 1319 , the Aydinid fleet , under the personal command of the Aydinid emir Mehmed Beg , set sail from the port of Ephesus . It comprised 18 galley s and 18 other vessels . It was met off Chios by a Hospitaller gleet of 24 ships and eighty Hospitaller knights , under the grand preceptor Albert of Schwarzburg , to which a squadron of one galley and six other ships were added by Martino Zaccaria of Chios . The battle ended in a chrushing Christian victory : only six Turkish vessels managed to escape capture or destruction . This victory was followed up by the recovery of Leros , whose native Greek population had rebelled in the name of the Byzantine emperor , and by another victory in the next year over a Turkish fleet poised to invade Rhodes . Nevertheless , the defeat off Chios could not halt the rise of Aydinid power . The Zaccarias were soon after forced to surrender their mainland outpost of Smyrna to Mehmed ' s son Umur Beg , under whose leadership Aydinid fleets roamed the Aegean for the next two decades , until the Smyrniote crusades ( 1343 – 1351 ) broke the Aydinid emirate ' s power .
Walter Brucker Walter Brucker ( 14 December 1918 – 13 November 2001 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Kosmos 2465 Kosmos 2465 ( meaning " Cosmos 2465 " ) is one of a set of three Russia n military satellites launched in 2010 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system . It was launched with Kosmos 2464 and Kosmos 2466 . This satellite is a GLONASS - M satellite , also known as Uragan - M , and is numbered Uragan - M No . 737 . Kosmos 2464 / 5 / 6 were launched from Site 81 / 24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 05 : 49 UTC on 2 September 2010 . The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2010 - 041B . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 27138 . It is in the second orbital plane of the GLONASS constellation , in orbital slot 12 . It started operations on 4 October 2010 .
United Nations Security Council Resolution 660 United Nations Security Council resolution 660 , adopted on 2 August 1990 , after noting its alarm of the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq , the Council condemned the invasion and demanded Iraq withdraw immediately and unconditionally to positions as they were on 1 August 1990 . Yemen called upon Iraq and Kuwait to enter into immediate negotiations to resolve their differences , thanking the Arab League for its efforts . Talks between both sides broke down the day before in Jeddah , Saudi Arabia . The Council also decided to meet again as necessary to ensure compliance with the current resolution . The resolution was adopted by 14 votes to none , while Yemen did not participate in voting . It was the first of twelve resolutions on the conflict passed in 1990 .
Palmerston Forts , Dover The Palmerston Forts that defend Dover were built in response to the 1859 Royal Commission dealing with the perceived threat of a French invasion . The forts were intended to defend the Port of Dover , that would provide direct access to an invasion fleet , from capture . Construction was carried out by the Royal Engineers and civilian contractors ( under Royal Engineer supervision ) . In addition to the newly constructed forts , extensive work was carried out on existing fortifications . The fortifications built or upgraded as part of the works were :
Emil Seibold Emil Seibold was a Hauptscharführer in the Waffen SS during World War II , who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Early life . Emil Seibold was born in Basel , Switzerland on 26 February 1907 . He joined the Nazi Party on 1 April 1933 . Military career . Seibold joined the Waffen SS on 10 April 1940 and was first posted to the SS Totenkopf Standarte , serving an infantryman . He was transferred to the " Das Reich " Division , attached to the 3rd Battery , Panzerjäger Battalion as a motorcyclist . He later commanded one of the battery ' s guns . In March 1943 , " Das Reich " had captured a large number of Russian T - 34 tanks and formed a III . Battalion for the 2nd SS Panzer Regiment with them , from the remnants of the Panzerjäger troops . Seibold was one of the men selected to command a T - 34 , and was later transferred to the 8th Company , 2nd SS Panzer Regiment . Seibold was the division ' s most successful tank commander with 65 tank kills to his credit by the end of the war . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross in May 1945 . Later life . Seibold survived the war and died in Italy on 11 September 1990 .
Battle of Nesjar Battle of Nesjar ( " Slaget ved Nesjar " ) was a sea battle off the coast of Norway in 1016 . It was a primary event in the reign of King Olav Haraldsson ( later Saint Olav ) . Sigvatr Þórðarson composed the poem " Nesjavísur " in memory of the battle . Tradition places the location of the battle in west end of Oslofjord . The exact location is unknown , but it is somewhere in today ' s Langesundfjorden intet in Frierfjord , in Brunlanes , Larvik , Vestfold county . The fighting parties were the throne claimant Olav Haraldsson on one side and an alliance backing the Swedish vassal Sveinn Hákonarson on the other . After the defeat of Olav Tryggvason at the Battle of Svolder , Norway had been divided into a Swedish part governed by Sveinn Hákonarson and a Danish part run by Eiríkr Hákonarson . However , after Eiríkr joined his brother - in - law Canute the Great in his campaign to conquer England , Danish rule folded , and power was assumed by Olav Haraldsson , a throne claimant from the Harald Fairhair family line . Sveinn , who was based in Trøndelag , learned that Olav was rallying support in Eastern Norway . He set sail along the coast of Norway . Along the way he joined forces with those of several allies among Norway ' s farmer - chieftains . The most prominent of these was Erling Skjalgsson . Olav Haraldsson , on the other hand , had finished raising his forces , and had begun his trip northwards to confront Sveinn . The fleets clashed off the coast on Palm Sunday 25 March 1016 . Few accounts of the battle survive ; however , it is generally regarded as a fierce battle with heavy casualties . None of the major players were killed , as would be usual in this age of chieftains leading the line . However , Sveinn Hákonarson was chased off , thus relinquishing his grip on power . Sveinn retreated to Sweden , but he died of illness before he could muster a force to retake Norway . The road now seemed open for King Olav to establish a unified rule of Norway . However , along the way he was later forced to ally with Erling Skjalgsson , an alliance which was always uneasy . It also ended violently when Erling Skjalgsson was killed in connection with the Battle of Boknafjorden in 1028 . His followers got revenge two years later , when King Olav himself was killed in the Battle of Stiklestad .
2nd Siege Artillery Battery ( Australia ) 2nd Siege Artillery Battery was formed in Victoria during April 1915 . The battery departed Melbourne on 17 July 1915 and served on the Western Front during World War I . The battery along with the 1st Siege Artillery Battery made up the 1st Siege Artillery Brigade . 2nd Siege Artillery Battery was renamed the 55th Siege Artillery Battery on 28 September 1915 . The battery was equipped first with four BL 9 . 2 inch Howitzer s and then 6 from July 1917 . In March 1918 the battery was assigned to the Australian Corps Heavy Artillery and resumed its original title .
Halcón ML - 57 The ML - 57 is a submachine gun manufactured by the Buenos Aires based Halcon corporation . Overview . As good as the M - 1943 submachine guns were , the ML - 57 was requested as it was a lighter / cheaper alternative as FN FAL rifles fulfilled this role in Argentine service . The weapon is chambered in 9mm Parabellum for the Argentine Army and in . 45 ACP for Police Forces , fed from 30 round magazines . Variants . ML - 60 . A later variant of the ML - 57 was the ML - 60 which housed a two trigger group which enabled select fire capabilities .
USS Blue Light USS " Blue Light " was a steam tug built for the United States Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy as an ordnance tugboat in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways . " Blue Light " configured to carry ammunition to Union Navy ships . " Blue Light " — a screw tug laid down in 1863 by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery , Maine — was launched on 27 February 1864 and fitted out to carry ammunition from magazines ashore to warships anchored far out in harbors where they would not endanger people and property on the waterfront . Assigned to the Boston Navy Yard throughout the war . The little steamer was assigned to the Boston Navy Yard and operated at that base through the end of the Civil War , supplying ammunition to Union warships preparing for operations along the Confederate coast or on the South ' s inland waters . Post - Civil War operations . Following the collapse of the Confederacy , " Blue Light " continued to perform duty as an ordnance tug at Boston , Massachusetts , until 1870 . From 1871 - June 1873 , she served as a yard tug at the Washington Navy Yard . Since no logs recording the vessel ' s operations before this time apparently up to this point are extant , " Blue Light " served the Navy in a non - commissioned status . The tug was placed in commission at Washington , D . C . on 27 June 1873 and , the following day , sailed for the coast of Maine to perform special service under the United States Commissioner on Fish and Fisheries . At the end of this assignment , she arrived at Portsmouth , New Hampshire on 6 September , and she was decommissioned there on the 13th . Final operations , decommissioning , and sale . Recommissioned on 12 June 1874 , the ship proceeded to New London , Connecticut , for a tour of duty as a yard tug which lasted until " Blue Light " was decommissioned again on 30 September 1875 and laid up into 1879 . No records of her status for the following four years seem to have survived , but we do know that the tug was sold at Great Neck , New York on 27 September 1883 .
Xinhai Lhasa Turmoil Xinhai Lhasa Turmoil ( ) refers to the racial clash in the Lhasa region of Tibet and various mutinies following the Wuchang Uprising . Background . The Wuchang Uprising unfolded on October 10 , 1911 , and marked the beginning of the Xinhai Revolution . Turmoils in the frontier regions of China began to spread . The revolutionaries led by Sun Yat - sen insisted on " getting rid of the Tartars " and rejected the Manchus , creating a new regime based completely on the Han dominated China proper . The multiculturalism in China began to experience crisis on collapsing ( Sun Yat - sen later discovered the motto to be inappropriate , and modified it ) . It was one of the mistakes made by Sun Yat - sen . Turmoil in Tibet . The influence of Wuchang Uprising rapidly spread to the frontier region . Many of the Qing Army in Tibet were members of Ge Lao Hui , and there were internal strifes going on . These Tibetan armies ended up struggling against each other , and Tibet fell into a state of anarchy . In the winter of 1911 , the Qing Governor of Sichuan Zhao Erfeng were executed by radical civilians , and the situation turned worse as the region of Xikang fell into turmoil as well . The British colonial government in India along with the 13th Dalai Lama took the opportunity and ignited the contradiction between Han Chinese and Tibetan radicals . As a result , the Han Chinese in Tibet were being constantly killed , and Dalai Lama were able to eliminate the Qing ' s influence in Tibet and return as the sole administrator of the region . The Qing army in Tibet were unable to resist the Dalai Lama , and fled back to inland China via India .