naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Överfurir Överfurir is an obsolete Swedish military rank established 1942 and placed above furir . Before 1972 the rank was a professional rank within the underbefäls category , and from 1972 to 1983 it was the highest rank within the gruppbefäls category . The holder of the rank typically served as instructor of conscripts corresponding to the present ranks of fänrik and löjtnant . A non - professional military service furir could obtain the rank through volunteer promotional courses at FBU . It was removed as a professional rank in 1983 , but appointments of non - professionals to the rank continued until 1991 . Prior appointees retain their rank . Temporary appointments are still made in some circumstances , primarily for the duration of international peacekeeping missions . Police officers in international operations receive this rank to distinguish them from military police trained by the army . Reform 1972 – Rank inflation phase I . Prior to 1972 , military personnel were divided into three categories : " underbefäl " ( non - commissioned officers ) , " underofficerare " ( warrant officers ) , and " officerare " ( commissioned officers ) . Reform established a four - career - path system with four categories as described below and carried out major promotions of most personnel below the rank överstelöjtnant . The " underbefäl " category was split into two categories : Gruppbefäl , to include : Plutonsofficerare , to include : The " underofficer " category was renamed kompaniofficerare , to include : The " officer " category was renamed regementsofficerare , to include : Reform 1983 – Rank inflation phase II . All categories were merged into one professional officer category , with the lowest rank set to fänrik . Furir , överfurir , sergeant , and fanjunkare were removed as professional ranks . Holders of the rank fanjunkare were promoted to löjtnant and the rest to fänrik .
Mustafa Kamil Pasha Mustafa Kamil Pasha ( , ) ( August 14 , 1874 , Cairo , Egypt – February 10 , 1908 , Cairo ) was an Egyptian lawyer , journalist , and nationalist activist . Biography . The son of an Egyptian army officer , Kamil was trained as a lawyer at the French law school in Cairo and the Law Faculty at the University of Toulouse in France . As a passionate nationalist , he supported Egypt ' s khedive , Abbas Hilmi II , who strongly opposed the United Kingdom ' s occupation of Egypt and Sudan . He also sought co - operation with France and the Ottoman Empire , but later he gradually grew more independent of outside backers , and appealed mainly to the Egyptian people to demand the end of the British occupation . He also called on Khedive Abbas to grant constitutional government to his subjects . In 1900 , Kamil founded the newspaper Al - Liwa ' ( " The Standard " ) as a platform for his views and utilized his skill as both a journalist and lawyer . He also founded a boys ' school open to Egyptian Muslims , Christians , and Jews . His cause was strengthened by the Dinshaway Incident in June 1906 in which four peasants were hastily tried and hanged for having assaulted uniformed British officers who were shooting pigeons in their village . He was supported strongly by Mohammad Farid , a prominent member of Egypt and Sudan ' s aristocracy . With Farid ' s assistance , Kamil founded the National Party in December 1907 , two months before his death . His funeral was the occasion for a massive demonstration of popular grief . Farid , who spent his last penny supporting the country ' s national liberation movement , became the leader of the National Party after Kamil ' s death . The mausoleum of Mustafa Kamil ( built between 1949 – 53 ) close to Cairo ' s Citadel in neo - Mamluk style is open to the public as a museum , and holds in a side room a display of memorabilia related to him . Kamil is remembered as a fervent Egyptian nationalist , and an articulate advocate of Egyptian independence . The current Egyptian national anthem ( Bilady ) is thought to have been inspired by one of Mustafa Kamil ' s speeches . - " If I weren ' t an Egyptian , I would have wished to be an Egyptian , " one of most famous quotes in Egyptian modern history , was said by Mustafa Kamil . Fazlur Rahman Malik argues that even though he was necessarily secular , his nationalism was inspired by an Islamic past . This appears to be the natural conclusion as Egypt had remained under the Islamic Caliphate system for centuries before . The British often accused him of advocating pan - Islam , and it is well known that he supported the Ottoman Sultan against the Egyptian Government and the British who dominated Egypt in the dispute over Taba in May 1906 .
Royal Thai Air Force Commando Company The Royal Thai Air Force Commando Company is a 100 man unit in the Royal Thai Air Force ' s Special Combat Operations Squadron , has been in existence since the late 1970s . They are based near Don Muang Airport and provide anti - hijacking capabilities . They have three assault platoons , each divided into two smaller sections .
4th Engineer Brigade ( Romania ) The 4th Territorial Engineer Brigade ( " Brigada 4 Geniu " ) was an engineer brigade of the Romanian Land Forces . The unit was redesignated as the 4th Engineer Battalion in 2006 . It is currently subordinated to the 4th Infantry Division and its headquarters are located in Deva .
402d Fighter Squadron The 402d Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 370th Fighter Group , Ninth Air Force , stationed at Camp Shanks , New York . It was inactivated on 10 November 1945 . The squadron was re - designated as the 187th Fighter Squadron , and allocated to the Wyoming Air National Guard on 24 May 1946 . History . Established in mid - 1943 at Westover Field , Massachusetts , equipped with P - 47 Thunderbolts . Trained under I Fighter Command in New England , being deployed to the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) , and assigned to Ninth Air Force in England . Was converted from P - 47s to P - 38 Lightning s upon arrival in the ETO . From British airfields the squadron flew sweeps over Occupied France , attacking radar installations and flak towers , and escorted bombers that attacked bridges and marshalling yards in France as the Allies prepared for the invasion of the Continent . The group provided cover for Allied forces that crossed the Channel on 6 June 1944 , and flew armed reconnaissance missions over the Cotentin Peninsula until the end of the month . On 17 July 1944 , napalm incendiary bombs were dropped for the first time in war on a fuel depot at Coutances , near St . Lô , France . After the D - Day invasion , squadron moved to its Advanced Landing Ground ( ALG ) at Cardonville , France ( ALG A - 3 ) on 20 July to support the Allied ground advance across France and into Germany . Flew armed reconnaissance during the Battle of the Bulge , attacking warehouses , highways , railroads , motor transports , and other targets . Converted to P - 51 Mustangs during February - March 1945 . Bombed bridges and docks in the vicinity of Wesel to prepare for the crossing of the Rhine , and patrolled the area as paratroops were dropped on the east bank on 24 March Supported operations Of 2d Armored Division in the Ruhr Valley in Apr . Flew last mission , a sweep over Dessau and Wittenberg , on 4 May 1945 . Returned to the United States during September – November 1945 , and was inactivated on 7 November 1945 .
Luxembourgish collaboration with Nazi Germany During the German occupation of Luxembourg in World War II , several Luxembourgers acted in collaboration with Nazi Germany , as also occurred in other countries occupied by the Third Reich . Their number , however , was limited . In 1945 , 5 , 101 Luxembourgers , including 2 , 857 men and 2 , 244 women were in prison for political activities , constituting 1 , 79 percent of the population . 12 collaborators were sentenced to death and were shot in Reckenthal in Luxembourg City . 249 were sentenced to forced labour , 1366 were sentenced to prison and 645 were sent to workhouses . Approximately 0 , 8 percent of the population were legally punished , then . This included one former minister , the 1925 - 1926 prime minister Pierre Prüm , who was sentenced in 1946 to four years ' imprisonment . At least one mayor was also deposed for political activities by grand - ducal decree on 4 April 1945 . Apart from their political activities , collaborators also had to account for their actions against Jews , the denunciation of hidden forced conscripts and spying on the Luxembourgish population . The term " Gielemännchen " ( yellow men ) was adopted under the occupation first for the German Nazis in general , then for Luxembourgish collaborators with the occupiers . The term came from the yellow uniforms of the Nazi Party .
John Nevell John Nevell , Neville , Nevill or Nevil , ( ? - 1697 ) , was an English Vice Admiral from the 17th century . He was born in St . Margaret ' s , Westminster , Middlesex , England . < br > He spent most of his career in the Americas and lived in Virginia . He is best known for the failed attempt to intercept the treasure - laden fleet of Pointis after the Raid on Cartagena ( 1697 ) . He died later that year in Virginia from yellow fever .
Friso - Drentic War The Friso - Drentic war was an assault by a Frisian army under the command of the Wilbrand van Oldenburg , Bishop of Utrecht , on the province of Drenthe which lasted from 1230 until 1233 . It was part of a series of wars between the Drenthe province and the bishopric of Utrecht . Earlier events . On 28 July 1227 , bishop Otto II was killed together with many of his knights in the Battle of Ane in the province of Drenthe , when they were defeated by the rebellious army of Rudolph van Coevorden . Otto ’ s successor , Wilbrand , was able to drive Rudolph and his brothers from their fief of Coevorden , but in 1229 their rights were restored , and Rudolph went to war again . Wilbrand ' s strength turned out to be superior , and the parties agreed upon a ceasefire . Rudolph van Coevorden was invited to come to Hardenberg for negotiations , but upon his arrival he was murdered . Friso - Drentic war . When Rudolphs ' s brothers continued the rebellion , Wilbrand called on the Frisians and the townspeople of Groningen to support him in suppressing the rebellious Drenths . The unknown chronicler of " Quedam Narracio " ( an ancient manuscript with tales of Groningen , Drenthe and Coevorden ) emphasized that the Frisians aided Wilbrand of their own free will . So many volunteers showed up that the recruited army had to be split up into two parts . The rural population of the Groningen province , however , decided to support the Drenths . In 1230 , the bishop ' s army was defeated near Bakkeveen , but was able to destroy a keep of the Drenths at Mitspete . A settlement between the two parties was arranged in 1231 , which meant that reparations had to be paid by Drenthe while Frederik van Coevorden was granted the Coevorden fief . The peace was short - lived , though , because in the same year , the Drenths and their allies besieged the espicopal forces at the restored Mitspete keep . This action resulted in great losses for the Drenthean army . However , an army from Groningen province was able to capture the Mitspete stronghold and the town of Zuidlaren . A Frisian warband was defeated at Bakkeveen . The Drenthean captain Hendrik van Borculo , who had recruited fresh troops in Westphalia , was able to repel another Frisian party that attacked the Drenths at the Mitspete keep . Aftermath . Wilbrand van Oldenburg died in 1233 and was succeeded by Otto III van Holland who began immediately to gather a large army . This armament led to new negotiations , and peace was made between Drenthe and the bishopric . Hendrik van Borculo was granted the Coevorden fief . In turn , the Drenths erected a nunnery for Cistercian nuns in repentance for the slaying of Otto II and his followers at Ane .
Friedrich Altemeier Friedrich Altemeier ( born 4 June 1886 in Niederbecksen ( today Bad Oeynhausen ) , died 18 September 1968 ) was a World War I fighter ace credited with 21 victories . Due to his distinguished faithful military service and piloting skills , he became one of the test pilots for Germany ' s last and best fighter airplane of the war , the Fokker D . VIII . Early life . Friedrich Altemeier was born in Niederbecksen on 4 June 1886 . He went to military school from 1906 until 1908 . He worked for Krupp before World War I began . Early military service . He was called up for military duty on 2 August 1914 . Altemeier originally served in the infantry in a machine gun company . He was wounded in action on 15 January 1915 . On 11 August 1915 , he transferred to aerial service . After training at Posen , he served first with FA 67 , then with Royal Prussian Jasta 14 . He then transferred to Royal Saxon Jasta 24 on the Western Front on 1 December 1916 . Aerial victories . Altermeier was promoted to Vizfeldwebel on 13 February 1917 . He opened his score with his new squadron on 3 March 1917 . He used twin - gunned Albatros D . III fighters , often emblazoned with the triple rings of the Krupp Works , to down a Nieuport 17 . Four months later , he began to score again , downing a RNAS Sopwith Triplane on 7 July and a Spad VII five days later . Then , on 17 August , he shot a double and became an ace . He triumphed four more times in September , with his last in this string coming on the 26th . He was then wounded , and did not score again that year . On 19 February 1918 , he shot down a RAF SE . 5a to again begin his winning ways . This was his tenth victory . He tallied another win in February , followed by three in March . He then went on hiatus until August , when he scored twice . He had two confirmed victories and one unconfirmed in both September and October . His final victory , on 10 November , the day before the armistice , was his 21st and the jasta ' s 91st and final one . He and his Staffelfuehrer , Heinrich Kroll , had accounted for half the wins scored by their squadron . He was awarded the enlisted man ' s equivalent to the Blue Max , the Military Merit Cross , on 11 April 1918 . He was also awarded the Silver Wound Badge , as he had been wounded three times . He also received the Iron Cross . Altemeier was one of the few pilots entrusted with the most modern German fighter of World War I , the Fokker E . V ( sometimes called the Fokker D . VIII ) . Post World War I . Friedrich Altemeier survived World War I . He died on 18 September 1968 .
HNLMS Van Speijk ( K3 ) HNLMS " Van Speijk " ( " K3 " , later " F805 " ) was a K class sloop , designed in the late 1930s to replace the aging s of the Royal Netherlands Navy . Incomplete at the start of the German invasion of the Netherlands and not yet launched , " K3 " was found undamaged by the German forces . The " Kriegsmarine " ordered her completion , then commissioned her for service in Norwegian and German home waters . After the war she was repaired at the " Rijkswerf " at Amsterdam , then entered Dutch service as the frigate " Van Speijk " ( F805 ) . She mainly served in the Dutch West Indies until she was scrapped in 1960 .
Günther Heydemann Günther Heydemann ( 11 January 1914 in Greifswald – 2 January 1986 in Hamburg - Wedel ) was a German U - boat commander in World War II and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Prior to taking command of , Heydemann made two war patrols as watch officer on board under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Jost Metzler . Summary of career . As a U - boat commander of Günther Heydmann is credited with the sinking of eight ships for a total of and damaging one warship of .
Office of Australian War Graves The Office of Australian War Graves ( OAWG ) is a branch within the Australian Government Department of Veterans ' Affairs . The branch was initially a stand - alone agency , formed 1 January 1975 . In 1980 , the " War Graves Act 1980 ( Cth ) " formalised the position of Director War Graves within the Department of Veterans ' Affairs . The OAWG acts as Australian agent for the Commonwealth War Graves Commission . The responsibilities of the OAWG generally fall within the following five areas . The OAWG is also responsible for the maintenance of some 20 , 000 graves of Commonwealth war dead in 76 war cemeteries & plots and in numerous civil cemeteries , as well as Memorials to the Missing listing over 3 , 000 names throughout Australia , Norfolk Island , Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands .
Siege of Fort Morgan The Siege of Fort Morgan occurred during the American Civil War as part of the battle for Mobile Bay in 1864 . Union ground forces led by General Gordon Granger conducted a short siege of the Confederate garrison at the mouth of Mobile Bay under the command of General Richard L . Page . The Confederate surrender helped shut down Mobile as an effective Confederate port city . Background . Admiral David Farragut had defeated the Confederate navy in Mobile Bay on August 5 and Fort Gaines , guarding the western approach to the bay , had surrendered to the cooperating Union land forces under Maj . Gen . Gordon Granger . Granger and Farragut next turned their full attention to Fort Morgan on Mobile Point east of Fort Gaines . The fort was a powerful but outdated fortification garrisoned by 600 men under the command of Robert E . Lee ' s cousin , Brig . Gen . Richard L . Page . Siege . Granger ' s soldiers landed at Pilot Town on August 9 and began moving siege artillery within range . The Union fleet also turned their guns on the fort . For the next two weeks Union forces kept up a heavy and consistent artillery fire . On August 16 the Confederates abandoned two batteries of the outer defenses and Granger moved his siege mortars within 500 yards of the fort and his 30 - pounder rifled guns to within 1 , 200 yards . On August 23 General Page unconditionally surrendered the fort . Indignant , he broke his sword over his knee instead of surrendering it to the Federals . Page ' s situation was further worsened when he was suspected of destroying munitions and works within the fort after the surrender agreement . For this he was arrested by the Federal authorities and imprisoned . Aftermath . The fall of Fort Morgan to the Union forces sealed the mouth of Mobile Bay . The city of Mobile , Alabama would fall following the Battle of Fort Blakely in 1865 . General Page remained imprisoned until July 1865 . A court of inquiry was convened in New Orleans to investigate the charges against Page for violating the laws of war . The court , however , found him " Not Guilty " . The court found that much of the destruction of ammunition resulted from a fire in the Citadel and that Confederates had spiked the artillery pieces before they had raised a white flag of surrender .
Camp Echo ( Guantanamo Bay ) Camp Echo is one of seven Guantanamo Bay detention camp s associated with Camp Delta , the prisoners ' camp , at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp , run by the United States military . The maximum - security facility is used to hold detainee s in solitary confinement , as well as for interrogations by the military . Housed here are also detainees scheduled for Military Commissions , and those considered " high value detainees " by the Defense Department . In addition , detainees are brought here for private consultation with their attorneys . Camp Echo consists of separate one - story buildings , each a cell divided into two rooms by mesh grates . This division allows lawyers to consult with detainees in the area of their cells . Military officials also use the facilities to interrogate detainees , shackling them to the floor . The eight feet by ten feet ( 2 . 4 m by 3 m ) concrete buildings have narrow , slotted translucent plastic in the doors but no real windows ; they are air - conditioned and heated . The cell side contains a toilet and a cot . The visitor side contains a table and chairs . Martin Mubanga , a British resident who was released without charges in January 2005 after being held for nearly three years , described being subjected to extremes of heat and cold during interrogation , which during one period happened on a daily basis . He and other former prisoners have described other abuses and torture at the hands of American interrogators . Outside visitors to Camp Echo , such as attorneys for detainees , must pass through several guarded checkpoint gates . The camp is surrounded by high razor wire fences and is shrouded behind a thick green mesh . Walkways are drawn in the crushed white rock on the ground of the camp , and visitors are instructed to stay within these boundaries . Camp Echo is under 24 - hour guard by U . S . military police . Air patrol is provided by the Federal Air Marshals , and coastal protection is provided by the U . S . Coast Guard , both of which are part of the U . S . Department of Homeland Security . Camp Delta is composed of detention camps 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 . Camp Echo is near it .
Capture of Santa Fe The Capture of Santa Fe , also known as the Battle of Santa Fe or the Battle of Cañoncito , took place near Santa Fe , New Mexico , the capital of the Mexican Province of New Mexico , during the Mexican - American War on 8 August through 14 August 1846 . No shots were fired . Background . United States Army General Stephen W . Kearny had moved southwest from Fort Leavenworth , Kansas with about 1 , 700 men in his Army of the West . Kearny ' s orders were to secure the New Mexico territory and Alta California . On August 9 in Santa Fe , Governor Manuel Armijo wanted to avoid battle , but Catholic priest s , Diego Archuleta ( the young regular - army commander ) , and the young militia officers Manuel Chaves and Miguel Pino forced him to muster a defense . Armijo set up a position in Apache Canyon , a narrow pass about southeast of the city . However , on August 14 , before the American army was even in view , he decided not to fight . ( An American named James Magoffin claimed he had convinced Armijo and Archuleta to follow this course ; an unverified story says he bribed Armijo . ) When Pino , Chaves , and some of the militiamen insisted on fighting , Armijo ordered the cannon pointed at them . The New Mexican army retreated to Santa Fe , and Armijo fled to Chihuahua . Capture . Kearny and his troops encountered no Mexican forces when they arrived on August 15 . Kearny and his force entered Santa Fe and claimed the New Mexico Territory for the United States without a shot being fired . Aftermath . From Santa Fe , Kearny sent Colonel Alexander Doniphan further south into Mexico . Kearny declared himself the military governor of the New Mexico Territory on August 18 and established a civilian government . He then took the remainder of his army west to Alta California . The New Mexicans put up no organized resistance until the Taos Revolt in early 1847 .
Otto Brakat Otto Brakat ( 15 January 1916 – 31 January 1978 ) was a highly decorated Oberfeldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .