naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ambrose Sherwill Sir Ambrose James Sherwill KBE MC ( 1890 – 1968 ) was Bailiff of Guernsey from 1946 to 1959 . Sherwill was commissioned into The Buffs in 1916 and was awarded the Military Cross ( MC ) in 1917 , being promoted Lieutenant shortly afterwards . During World War II , he was President of the Controlling Committee during the German Occupation of the Channel Islands , before being deported to Cherche - Midi Prison , ( Jurat John Leale took over his responsibilities as president ) for his part in the Nicolle and Symes affair . He returned to Guernsey after the War , and served as Bailiff between 1946 and 1959 . He was knighted in 1949 . In 1960 , he retired to Alderney , where he died in 1968 . Sherwill has been variously accused of excessively cordial relations with the German occupying troops , and acquiescing without due resistance to the Feldkommandant . Most notable perhaps is the episode of August 1940 , when Sherwill , with the professed intention of reassuring those evacuated Guernsey citizens who anxiously awaited news of their loved ones who had chosen to remain on the Island , recorded a broadcast for Radio Bremen assuring of the ' kindly ' treatment of islanders at the hands of the German troops . No doubt Sherwill ' s intentions were noble , but his naivety was nonetheless exploited by the German propaganda machine in their desire to show that the realities of German occupation were far removed from the bleak picture propagated by British communiqués . Nevertheless , Sherwill ' s patriotism was confirmed , when at great personal risk he doctored Guernsey militia uniforms to make them appear to be British army uniform , in order that Nicolle and Symes would be treated as soldiers , rather than spies ( as undercover operatives were routinely shot by both sides as part of protocol . ) Moreover , he conducted himself with distinction at the Laufen Internment Camp whither he was eventually deported , becoming head of the British forces / citizens at the camp . *
Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos ( flourished 1420 - 1453 ) was the " mesazon " ( chief minister ) of the Emperors John VIII Palaiologos and his brother , Constantine XI . His colleague in the office as " mesazon " was Loukas Notaras . Demetrios first appears in history as one of the courtiers who advised John VIII to support the Ottoman prince Mustafa in his bid to seize control of the Ottoman Empire on the death of his brother Mehmet I in 1421 . When Mehmet ' s son Murat emerged as the victor , he was selected as one of the envoys ( the other two being Matthew Laskaris and Angelos Philomattes ) to meet with Murat . The Sultan showed his annoyance that the Byzantines had supported his uncle by putting them in prison ; none of them were released until the conclusion of a treaty between John VIII and Murat in February 1424 . He played other prominent roles in diplomatic affairs as " mesazon " to the two emperors . He was a witness to John ' s treaties with the Republic of Venice in September 1423 , May 1431 , October 1436 , September 1442 , and July 1447 . He also played a heroic part in the final defense of Constantinople ; according to Donald Nicol , he commanded a unit of 700 men stationed in the neighborhood of the Church of the Holy Apostles with his son - in - law Nikephoros Palaiologos , while Steven Runciman assigns him to a command of a portion of the Theodosian Walls next to the Sea of Marmora . Demetrios ' fate following the fall of Constantinople to Sultan Mehmet II ' s army is unclear . Du Cange writes that he and his son - in - law were killed defending the city ; Steven Runciman writes that Demetrios was captured alive . Donald Nicol notes that a Demetrios Kantakouzenos is recorded as escaping from the fallen city , with his family and other refugees , on the ship of the Genoese admiral Zorzi Doria . Doria took them as far as Chios , where the Venetian captain Thomas Celsi gave them passage to Candia ( modern Heraklion ) in Crete . Nicol also mentions the record of the daughter of " one Demetrios Kantakouzenos and his wife Simonis Gadelina , called Maria " marrying Theodore , the son of Paul Palaiologos , in Corfu in November 1486 . Nicol offers no information on the names of Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos ' parents , although he states that Demetrios was the cousin of Emperor John VIII . The name of his wife has not come down to us , although he had a daughter who , as mentioned above , married Nikephoros Palaiologos , and Demetrios is presumed to be the father of a " protostrator " Kantakouzenos who was executed along with Loukas Notaras and Andronikos Palaiologos Kantakouzenos five days after the capture of the city .
Bob Torrance Robert " Bob " Torrance ( born 1888 , Kirkintilloch ) was a Scottish footballer who played in defence for hometown team Kirkintilloch Rob Roy and Bradford City . He joined Bradford City in August 1908 and for three years was a hard - working understudy to the first team players . He had played just 36 league games in his first three seasons and one FA Cup game before he played in the 1911 FA Cup Final replay as replacement for the injured Willie Gildea . City won 1 – 0 . Torrance became more involved in first team games , playing 23 league games the following season and all seven games during City ' s FA Cup defence , and more than 30 in the three seasons before league football was suspended for the First World War . His last game for City was a wartime regional game against Barnsley in March 1917 . Torrance , along with City ' s FA Cup winning captain Jimmy Speirs , was one of the club ' s players to die during service in the First World War whilst a gunner with the Royal Field Artillery . Honours . Bradford City
James Ernest Karnes James Ernest " Buck " Karnes was a Sergeant in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his actions near Estrees , France on October 8 , 1918 during World War I . Biography . James Ernest " Buck " Karnes ( July 20 , 1889 – July 8 , 1966 ) , was born in Arlington , Tennessee and grew up in Knoxville , Tennessee . Karnes entered active duty with the United States Army ' s 117th Regiment from the Tennessee National Guard during World War I . On October 8 , 1918 during the Meuse - Argonne Offensive , Karnes ' company was stopped near Estrées , France by a German machine gun position . Karnes and Private Calvin John Ward , deciding they had " had all they could take " of this situation , fixed bayonets , charged and captured the position . This freed their company to advance against German lines in the last major offensive of the war . Both men received the Medal of Honor for extraordinary heroism in this action . The Alcoa Highway ( U . S . Route 129 ) bridge over the Tennessee River in Knoxville is named after Karnes . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Army , Company D , 117th Infantry , 30th Division . Place and date : Near Estrees , France , October 8 , 1918 . Entered service at : Knoxville , Tenn . Born : 1889 , Arlington , Tenn . G . O . No . : 50 , W . D . , 1919 . Citation : During an advance , his company was held up by a machinegun , which was enfilading the line . Accompanied by another soldier , he advanced against this position and succeeded in reducing the nest by killing 3 and capturing 7 of the enemy and their guns .
Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada The Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada ( CMAC ) hears appeals from military courts ( " courts martial " ) . In Canada , courts martial are presided over by independent military judges from the office of the Chief Military Judge . They have the jurisdiction to try military personnel , and those civilian personnel that accompany military personnel abroad , for crimes that contravene the Code of Service Discipline and the National Defence Act ; which incorporates many of the offences under the Criminal Code of Canada and related statutes . The CMAC was established in 1959 by Parliament under the National Defence Act , to replace the Court Martial Appeal Board . Due to the court ' s small caseload , justices of the CMAC are cross - appointed from justices of provincial superior court s and the Federal Court and Federal Court of Appeal . Appeals from the CMAC lie with the Supreme Court of Canada . Appeals require leave from the Supreme Court , unless a justice of the CMAC dissents on a question of law , in which case there is an appeal as of right to the Supreme Court .
Emil Badorrek Emil Badorrek ( 6 May 1910 – 26 December 1944 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Luftwaffe during World War II , and one of only 882 recipients of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Emil Badorrek was shot down on 26 December 1944 over Kraków , Poland .
Abe no Yoritoki Background . The clan emerged from the Appi River basin in what is now Hachimantai City , Iwate Prefecture , early in the 9th century . They provided a number of generals and governors throughout the 9th and 10th centuries . By monopolizing the gold , iron and horse trade in northern Honshū the family became enormously wealthy . They were also innovative in designing a new type of stockade which could withstand a long siege . The 9th and 10th centuries saw a weakening of central power as a new land management system of tax - immune estates , or shoen , took hold . Campaign . Yoritoki and the Abes came into conflict with the Minamoto clan as it began to expand north into Abe territory . The Abe clan began to raid territories south of their border . In 1051 Yoritoki led an army of Emishi into northern Miyagi and defeated a government army at Onikiribe that had been sent to stop the raids . This event triggered the Former Nine Years ' War ( Zenkunen War ) . Minamoto no Yoriyoshi was then deputized as the new " Chinjufu Shogun " and sent to chastise Yoritoki in 1053 . In 1056 Yoritoki ' s eldest son , Sadato , began skirmishing with the Minamotos . War erupted in 1057 and Yoritoki was killed in battle by a stray arrow . Yoritoki ' s sons continued fighting for a time but were finally overwhelmed by combined Minamoto and Kiyohara armies in 1062 . Legacy . Yoritoki was the father of - Yoritoki is also one of the distant forefathers of Shinzō Abe , the prime minister of Japan , through Munetō .
William Shakespear ( explorer ) Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear ( 29 October 1878 - 24 January 1915 ) , was an English civil servant and explorer who mapped uncharted areas of Northern Arabia and made the first official British contact with Ibn Sa ' ud , future king of Saudi Arabia . He was the military adviser to Ibn Saud from 1910 to 1915 , when he was shot and killed in the Battle of Jarrab by one of Ibn Rashid ' s men . Early life . He was born in Bombay , the son of William Henry Sulivan Shakespear and Annie Caroline Davidson and educated at Portsmouth Grammar School and King William ' s College , Isle of Man . He entered the Royal Military College , Sandhurst on 19 August 1896 . He became a second lieutenant on 22 Jan 1898 . In 1899 , he joined the Devonshire Regiment , 17th Bengal Cavalry . He then joined the Indian Political Department . In 1904 , he joined the British Foreign Office and became the youngest vice - consul in British India . He was transferred to Kuwait . From 1909 on , he was the British Political Agent in Kuwait , subordinated to the respective agent in Bahrain . Shakespear was a great linguist who spoke Urdu , Pushtu , Persian and Arabic fluently . Arabian expeditions . While in Kuwait , Shakespear made seven separate expeditions into the Arabian interior , during which he became a close friend of Ibn Sa ' ud , then the Emir of the Nejd . It was Shakespear who arranged for Ibn Sa ' ud to be photographed for the first time . Ibn Sa ' ud had never seen a camera before . In March 1914 , Shakespear began a journey from Kuwait to Riyadh and on to Aqaba via the Nafud Desert , which he mapped and studied in great detail , the first European to do so . In November 1914 , the British government in India asked Shakespear to secure Ibn Sa ' ud ' s support for the British - Indian Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force , which had just taken Basra . Death . In January 1915 , at the Battle of Jarrab , Ibn Sa ' ud asked him to retreat to a place of safety before the fighting began . He declined to do so . He was struck by a bullet and killed . The victorious Rashidis cut off his head . His solar helmet was handed over to the Ottoman authorities and hung on one of the main gates of Medina as proof of the Al Sa ' uds ' collaboration with the British . His grave can be found in downtown Kuwait City near the Al Hamra Tower . Aftermath . It has been suggested by some authorities , notably St . John Philby , that the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire might have been very differently directed if Shakespear had survived , that the British would have supported and armed Ibn Sa ' ud rather than Sherif Hussein ibn Ali . " His death . . . was a great loss to his country , but it was a disaster to the Arab cause . It must certainly be reckoned in the small category of individual events which have changed the course of history . Had he survived to continue a work for which he was so eminently suited , it is extremely doubtful whether subsequent campaigns of Lawrence would ever have taken place in the west . . . " " Arabia " , H . St . John Philby , London ( 1930 ) , pp 233 - 234 .
Joseph W . McClurg Joseph Washington McClurg ( February 22 , 1818December 2 , 1900 ) was the 19th Governor of Missouri in the decade following the American Civil War . His stepfather was William Murphy . Biography . Born near St . Louis , Missouri , McClurg was orphaned at seven and raised by grandparents in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , where his grandfather owned the city ' s first iron foundry . Educated at Xenia Academy and Oxford College in Ohio , he taught school briefly in Louisiana and Mississippi in the 1830s before returning to St . Louis to serve as deputy for his uncle , Sheriff Marshall Brotherton . At 19 , he studied law and was admitted to the bar in Texas , although he never practiced . In 1841 , he returned to Missouri to marry Mary Catherine Johnson . He was involved in lead mining and merchandising and created McClurg ' s Old Salt Road through rural Missouri to assure a supply of salt for his customers . In 1844 , he would operate a store in Hazelwood ( the first county seat of Webster County ) , Missouri with his stepfather . In 1850 , McClurg left Missouri for the gold rush in California , where he opened a miner ' s store in Georgetown ( 12 miles from Sutter ' s Mill ) . After two years , he returned to Missouri , this time to Linn Creek ( now under the Lake of the Ozarks ) , where he established a thriving business supplying settlers and merchants in Missouri , Arkansas , Texas and the Indian Territory . An avid unionist , he was a delegate to the historic Gamble Convention in March 1861 , in which Missouri agreed to stay in the Union . Although he was later to sign the 13th Amendment as a Missouri Representative , Joseph McClurg was a slaveowner until shortly before the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation . < / ref > http : / / www . sos . mo . gov / archives / resources / findingaids / rg003 - 19 . pdf During the Civil War , McClurg was a colonel in the Missouri Volunteers until elected to the U . S . House of Representatives in 1862 , 1864 and 1866 . He resigned his last term to run for Missouri governor as a Radical Republican , a party against the re - enfranchisement of ex - Confederates . He served a two - year term and with Radical Republicanism falling from favor , lost his bid for re - election . In 1886 , he accompanied his son , Joseph , and his daughter , Fannie along with her six children , to homestead in the Dakota Territory . It was an entrepreneurial venture made promising on the basis of several years of mild weather ; however , the winter of 1886 - 87 was a famously cruel one that convinced the family to return to Missouri . He was appointed Registrar of Lands at Springfield before returning to Lebanon , Missouri , where he died in 1900 .
Tiro de Diu The " Tiro de Diu " is a 16th - century siege cannon , specifically a super - sized basilisk , which saw action in the First Siege of Diu in 1538 . History . The Tiro de Diu was cast in bronze in 1533 during the reign of Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat and was used during the First Siege of Diu in 1538 . The basilisk is cast in one solid piece and has no ornaments whatsoever except for some laudatory Arabic inscriptions that can be roughly translated as follows : " From our Lord the Sultan of Sultans of all ages ; life - giver of the tradition of the Prophet of the Merciful God ; the one that fights for the exaltation of the precepts of the Koran ; the destroyer of the arguments of the supporters of wickedness ; the one that casts away the houses of worshipers of idols ; the Victor of the day when the two armies will meet ; heir to the kingdom of Solomon ; the one who trusts in the God the Benefactor ; the possessor of all the virtues – Bahadur - Shah " After the defeat of the Muslim forces , the gun was sent to Lisbon , first being set in the Castle of São Jorge and , after 1640 , in the Fortress of S . Julião da Barra , in Oeiras , to defend the mouth of the River Tagus . By mid 18th century the gun was again removed , this time being sent to the Arsenal in Lisbon to be melted so that the metal could be used to cast a statue of king D . José I . However , a scholar noticed the Arabic inscriptions on the gun and after discovering the historical value of the piece , the gun was spared . It is now on display on the Pátio dos Canhões at the Military Museu of Lisbon .
Battle of Anghiari The Battle of Anghiari was fought on 29 June 1440 , between Milan and the Italian League led by the Republic of Florence in the course of the Wars in Lombardy . The League ' s army concentrated on Anghiari , a small centre of Tuscany , and comprised : 4 , 000 Papal troops , under Cardinal Ludovico Trevisan ; a Florentine contingent of around the same size , and a company of 300 men - at - arms ( knights ) from Venice , led by Micheletto Attendolo . Other men joined for the occasion from Anghiari itself . The numerically superior Milanese force was led by the famous " condottiero " Niccolò Piccinino in the name of Duke Filippo Maria Visconti and reached the area on the night of 28 June . Some 2 , 000 men from the nearby town of Sansepolcro joined the Milanese . Confident in his superior manpower , and on the element of surprise Piccinino ordered an attack in the afternoon of the following day . However , the dust lifted by the Milanese on the Sansepolcro - Anghiari road was noticed by Micheletto and the League ' s forces were made ready for battle . Micheletto ' s Venetian knights blocked the Milanese vanguard on the only bridge over the channel protecting the League ' s camp . Micheletto and the Venetians held the bridge allowing the greater part of the League ' s army to form for battle but were eventually pushed back by Milanese reinforcements led by the two captains Francesco Piccinino and Astorre II Manfredi . The Milanese advanced but their right flank was soon ferociously engaged by the Papal troops and were obliged to retreat to the bridge . The battle continued for four hours , until a surrounding manoeuvre managed to cut off a third of the Milanese on the League side of the channel . The battle continued into the night but ended with a victory for the League army . Cultural depictions . More than seven decades later , the battle was the subject of a now - lost painting by Leonardo da Vinci , known through copies made by other artists .
James H . Godman James Harper Godman ( October 19 , 1808 – October 4 , 1891 ) was a Republican politician in the U . S . State of Ohio who was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives and Ohio Senate , and was Ohio State Auditor for eight years , ( 1864 – 1872 ) . He was also a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War . James H . Godman was born in Berkeley County , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) , and ended up in Marion , Ohio , where he was admitted to the bar in 1828 . In 1835 , Godman was elected to represent Marion and Crawford Counties in the Ohio House of Representatives for the 34th General Assembly , and won again in 1839 for the 38th General Assembly . In 1840 and 1841 , he won election to the Ohio Senate for the 39th and 40th General Assemblies . Godman enlisted April 26 , 1861 as a Major in the Union Army during the American Civil War in the 4th Ohio Infantry , promoted to lieutenant colonel January 9 , 1862 , and to colonel November 29 , 1862 . He was severely wounded at Fredricksburg and honorably discharged July 28 , 1863 . March 13 , 1865 he received the rank brevet brigadier general . He was elected as a Republican for State Auditor in 1863 , and re - elected in 1867 , serving eight years . Godman died October 4 , 1891 , and is buried at Marion Cemetery .
John K . Lawson Brigadier John Kelburne Lawson MC ( 27 December 1887 – 19 December 1941 ) was the senior Canadian officer and commander of the West Brigade during the Battle of Hong Kong . He was the most senior officer to be killed in action during the battle and the highest ranking Canadian soldier killed in action in World War II . Early career . Lawson was born in Hull , East Riding of Yorkshire in 1887 . He immigrated to Edmonton in 1914 where he worked as a clerk for the Hudson ' s Bay Company . He enlisted in the Canadian Army upon the outbreak of the First World War . He joined the 9th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force and variously worked at the 1st Canadian Motor Machine Gun Brigade and at Corps Headquarters . Although he is often incorrectly attributed a Military Cross for actions at the Battle of Passchendale or the Battle of the Somme , he did receive two Mentioned in Despatches and a Croix de Guerre . Lawson joined as a Private in 1914 , and rose to the rank of Warrant Officer First Class before commissioning . He held the rank of Captain at the end of the war . Lawson joined the Permanent Force during the interwar years . He held various positions in Calgary , Kingston , Toronto , and Ottawa . He completed staff college in Quetta in 1923 - 1924 , and was posted to the War Office in London , England in 1930 . When World War II broke out , he was Director of Military Training in Ottawa , and was given the command of the Royal Rifles of Canada and The Winnipeg Grenadiers and the other Canadian support units who arrived in Hong Kong on 16 November 1941 as reinforcements for the British garrison there . Battle of Hong Kong . After the forces defending Kowloon were withdrawn to the island of Hong Kong on 11 December 1941 General Maltby organized the defence of the island into two brigades , west and east . Lawson was placed in charge of the west brigade , which included the Winnipeg Grenadiers , the Royal Scots , the Punjab Regiment ( India ) and the Canadian Signallers . The Japanese landed on Hong Kong island on 18 December 1941 with the intent to split the defenders in two . After fierce fighting , Japanese forces surrounded Lawson ' s HQ at around 10 a . m . on 19 December . Lawson radioed his commanders that he was going to " fight it out " and left his pillbox with a pistol in each hand , and was killed in the ensuing fight . When the Japanese arrived and found his body , they gave him a proper burial nearby as a respect due to his courage while facing his enemy ( i . e . the Japanese ) . However , he was reburied at the Sai Wan War Cemetery after the war . The original headstone was destroyed and a memorial plate was erected by the Canadian Government at the site in 2005 .