naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Poleyn The poleyn was a component of Medieval and Renaissance armor that protected the knee . During the transition from mail armor to plate armor , this was among the earliest plate components to develop . They first appeared in the mid - thirteenth century and remained in use until the early seventeenth century when firearms made them obsolete . The specifics of poleyn design varied considerably over that period . The earliest poleyns were strapped over mail chausses . Fourteenth century and early fifteenth century poleyns usually attached to padded leggings or plate cuisses . During the fifteenth century poleyns developed an articulated construction that attached to the cuisses and schynbalds or greave s . A characteristic of late fifteenth century gothic armor was a projection that guarded the side of the knee .
National Redemption Front The National Redemption Front ( NRF ) is an alliance of fighting groups in Darfur . According to their foundation declaration , the NRF consists of the Justice and Equality Movement ( JEM ) , a holdout faction of the Sudan Liberation Movement ( SLM ) and the Sudan Federal Democratic Alliance ( SFDA ) . NRF opposes the Darfur Peace Agreement , signed by the SLA faction led by Minni Minnawi and the Sudanese government on May 5 . The group was formed in late June 2006 after the Abuja Agreement and is led by Ahmed Diraige . The NRF represents a substantial portion of the fighting forces in Darfur . African Union , the Sudanese government and other international " partners " in the Darfur Peace Agreement do not recognize their abstention from signing the peace agreement as legitimate .
Jacques Ræder Hans Jacob " Jacques " Theodor Wilhelm Ræder ( 19 March 1831 – 3 June 1920 ) was a Norwegian military officer . He was born in Trondhjem as a son of Johan Christopher Ræder and Kaja Munch . He was a grandson of Johan Georg Ræder , brother of Nicolai Ditlev Ammon Ræder , Johan Georg Ræder , and Ole Munch Ræder , and an uncle of Anton Henrik Ræder and Johan Christopher Ræder . In May 1867 in Copenhagen he married his own first cousin , Francisca M . M . Ræder ( 1841 – 1927 ) . He was a military officer in the infantry before attending the Norwegian Military College , where he graduated in 1855 . He mainly spent his career in the General Staff before leading " Norske Jegerkorps " from 1882 to 1888 and " Østerdalens Korps " from 1888 to 1890 . From 1890 to 1899 he was the commander of Fredriksten Fortress . He reached the rank of Second Lieutenant in 1851 , Premier Lieutenant in 1857 , Captain in 1862 , Major in 1873 , Lieutenant Colonel in 1875 , Colonel in 1888 and Major General in 1890 . He retired in 1899 , and died in March 1920 in Vestre Aker .
George Croghan Reid George Croghan Reid ( December 9 , 1876 – February 19 , 1961 ) was a Brigadier General in the United States Marine Corps and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the United States occupation of Veracruz . He died February 19 , 1961 at the U . S . Air Force Hospital , Harlingen Air Force Base , Texas and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery , Arlington , Virginia . His grave can be found in section 2 , lot 1096 - A LH . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Major , U . S . Marine Corps . Born : 9 December 1876 , Lorain , Ohio . Appointed from : Ohio . G . O . No . : 177 , 4 December 1915 . Citation : For distinguished conduct in battle , engagements of Vera Cruz , 21 and 22 April 1914 ; was eminent and conspicuous in command of his battalion ; was in the righting ( ? sp ' fighting ' ) of both days and exhibited courage and skill in leading his men through action . His cool judgment and courage and his skill in handling his men in encountering and overcoming the machinegun and rifle fire down Cinco de Mayo and parallel streets account for the small percentage of the losses of marines under his command .
8th Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment The 8th Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment ( ) is an airborne regiment of the French Army . It is part of the 11th Parachute Brigade and is stationed at Quartier Fayolle , Castres , France . It is an elite unit that can be rapidly sent anywhere in the world . Part of the regiment is the Commando Parachute Group , a French special forces unit . Paratroop training is conducted at the École des troupes aéroportées ( ETAP ) in Pau . History . Indochina . The unit was created on 28 February 1951 , in Hanoi as the " 8th Colonial Parachute Battalion , " as a part of the French union forces . The 8th Colonial Parachute Battalion fought at Lai - Chau , Hoa Binh , Langson and Dien Bien Phu . The Battalion was mentioned in dispatches four times for valor . It was dissolved on 19 May 1954 , after Dien Bien Phu . Algeria . The unit was recreated as the " 8th Colonial Parachute Regiment " on 1 May 1956 . The regiment participated in operations against the Algerian National Liberation Front ( FLN ) , most notably at El Kiffene , Ain El Kesseub and Tarf . Relocation to Metropolitan France . The regiment relocated to the town of Nancy , Metropolitan France , in 1961 , to form a part of the 11th Light Division . The regimental headquarters moved to Castres in 1963 . Later Deployments . The regiment took part in the intervention in Chad between 1969 and 1972 . The regiment is currently serving with the NATO ISAF in Afghanistan . In a fierce battle on 18 – 19 August 2008 , ten French soldiers were killed and 21 wounded making it the largest loss of French troops in battle in many years . ISAF Press Release Composition . The regiment consists of around 1200 personnel organized into eight companies :
BAE Systems Skylynx II The BAE Systems Skylynx II is an unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV ) developed to support US Marine Corps Tier II regiment - level reconnaissance , surveillance and target acquisition missions . The aircraft flew its maiden flight on August 9 , 2006 at the Yuma Proving Grounds , Yuma , Arizona . The Skylynx II is equipped with an electro - optical ( EO ) and infrared imaging system , and during test flights it was able to locate and track human and vehicle targets . Powered by a UEL - 741 engine driving a single propeller , the aircraft is designed to be launched without a runway , and to carry payloads of up to . The Skylynx II aircraft is part of an integrated unmanned aerial system that is made up of three aircraft , launcher , ground control station and remote receiver terminal . The system is designed to be operated by six Marines . The entire package can be transported to battlefield sites by two CH - 46 Sea Knights or two HMMWV s .
RAF Brampton Wyton Henlow RAF Brampton Wyton Henlow is a former Royal Air Force unit covering 3 distinct sites in Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire . The three sites , separately known as RAF Brampton , RAF Wyton and RAF Henlow , house a number of flying training , intelligence , security and other RAF support organisations . On 2 April 2012 the unit was disbanded with RAF Brampton being renamed Brampton Camp RAF Wyton . History . On 2 April 2012 the unit was disbanded with RAF Brampton being renamed Brampton Camp RAF Wyton .
Guy H . Watkins Guy Hulett Watkins born 19 March 1831 was a Lawyer and U . S . Army Lieutenant Colonel during the American Civil War . He was born in Towanda , Pennsylvania , and completed his education at a seminary in Lima , New York . Thereafter he entered the law practice of his father , William Watkins . He was admitted to the bar on September 9 , 1853 . In 1859 , he was elected District attorney . He had not finished his term at the time of his entrance into the Union Army . He was killed during the Siege of Petersburg , Virginia on or about June 19 , 1864 .
Gustav Frielinghaus Gustav Frielinghaus ( 5 March 1912 – 11 September 1963 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Gustav Frielinghaus was credited with 74 aerial victories during World War II . Life and career . Born on 5 March 1912 at Osnabrück , on the outbreak of war Frielinghaus was a " Gefreiter " instructor at flying school , and served at " Jagdfliegerschule 5 " . In June 1941 , " Leutnant " Frielinghaus was posted to 6 . / Jagdgeschwader 3 ( JG 3 — 3rd Fighter Wing ) operating on the Eastern Front . He gained his first victory on 6 July 1941 , a Soviet SB - 2 bomber . On 25 July , after downing two DB - 3 bombers near Stawiszce his Bf 109 F - 2 was hit by return defensive fire necessitating a forced - landing at Moroszkoad . By autumn of 1941 he had achieved seven claims . In spring 1942 6 . / JG 3 relocated to bases in Sicily flying missions over Malta . Frielinghaus was back on the Eastern front with Stab . II . / JG 3 in May 1942 . He got his 10th victory on 23 June , a LaGG - 3 fighter near Ulanowka . His 20th victory followed on 6 August , a Russian Pe - 2 near Salinskiy . By October 1942 , Frielinghaus was operating over Stalingrad . He was to be one of the last to leave Pitomnik airfield , and was evacuated in a Ju 52 transport aircraft , having recorded 37 victories operating over Stalingrad . On 25 March 1943 Frielinghaus was made " Staffelkapitän " of 6 . / JG 3 , and recorded his 50th victory on 15 April 1943 over the Kuban bridgehead , before a posting as Staffelkapitän of 11 . / JG 3 in the Mediterranean theatre in May 1943 . Over Italy , Frielinghaus claimed eight more victories before , on 9 September , being badly wounded after his Bf 109 G - 6 was destroyed in combat over Foggia with USAAF B - 24 four - engine bombers . He had just recovered from these wounds when he was injured in a take - off accident on 19 December . At the beginning of 1944 Frielinghaus was transferred to the Gruppenstab , IV . / JG 3 . Then from May to June he led II . / JG 3 . In July , he was transferred as Staffelkapitän of 2 . / JGr Süd . On 28 March 1945 , Frielinghaus was made " Gruppenkommandeur " of II . / EJG 1 . Gustav Frielinghaus was credited with 74 victories in 350 missions . He recorded eight victories , including six P - 38 twin - engine fighters , over the Western front . He died on 11 September 1963 in Düsseldorf .
Siege of Antalya The siege of Antalya or siege of Attalia in 1207 was the successful Turkic capture of the city of Attalia ( today Antalya , Turkey ) , a port in southern - western Asia Minor . The capture of port gave the Turks another path into the Mediterranean although it would be another 100 years before the Turks made any serious attempts into the sea . However it did show the weakness of the splinter Byzantine kingdom the Nicaean Empire which had suffered the loss of the Capital Constantinople , now being reduced to the Asian part of Byzantium .
Fort - on - Shore Fort - on - Shore , built in 1778 by William Linn , was the first on - shore fort on the Ohio River in the area of what is now downtown Louisville , Kentucky . George Rogers Clark had directed Linn to move the militia post to the mainland from its original off - shore location at Corn Island . The fort was located near the current intersection of Twelfth and Rowan Streets . By 1781 , the new fort would already prove insufficient , and thus Fort Nelson was constructed upriver .
German submarine U - 260 German submarine " U - 260 " was a Type VIIC U - boat built for the Nazi German Kriegsmarine for service during World War II . Her keel was laid down 7 May 1941 by Bremer Vulkan , of Bremen - Vegesack . She was commissioned 14 March 1942 with " Kapitänleutnant " Herbertus Purkhold in command . Service history . " U - 260 " conducted nine patrols in total . On her second , " U - 260 " was part of the " Spitz " wolfpack which attacked Convoy ON - 154 , making contact with the convoy on 28 December 1942 , and sinking the 4 , 893 ton British freighter " Empire Wagtail " ( lost with all hands - 43 dead ) . This was the only ship sunk by " U - 260 " . Purkhold was relieved in April 1944 by " Oberleutnant zur See " Klaus Becker . Becker commanded the boat until March 1945 . On 12 March 1945 , " U - 260 " was scuttled south of neutral Ireland , in position , after sustaining mine damage . The minefield had been laid by , an . After the sinking , a sealed container of papers floated to the surface . A British expert flew to Cork to examine them . The crew of five officers and 48 crew were interned in Ireland for the remainder of the war . In her entire career , " U - 260 " suffered no casualties to her crew . Post war . The wreck site of " U - 260 " was discovered in 1975 by local fisherman Colin Barnes after snagging nets , although it was presumed that the wreck of the " Counsellor " ( sunk due to a mine in 1917 ) was in the area . A friend of Mr Barnes , Joe Barry , dived on the noted position and discovered the U - boat rather than the expected cargo ship . " U - 260 " currently lies in about of water approximately four miles south of Glandore , and is a popular scuba diving site from Baltimore , County Cork and Union Hall . There is recent speculation that " U - 260 " did not actually strike a mine , but instead struck an underwater pinnacle ( now known as ' 78 Rock ' but which was uncharted at the time ) leading to its damaged state .
IAI Eitan The IAI " Eitan " ( איתן – " Steadfast " ) , also known as Heron TP , is a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV ) developed in Israel in the early 21st century by the Malat division of Israel Aerospace Industries . The aircraft is a newer version of the IAI Heron . Design . A medium - altitude , long endurance ( MALE ) UAV , the Eitan can operate at altitudes above commercial air traffic and features all - weather capability , de - icing systems , automatic takeoff and landing ( ATOL ) systems , and triple - redundant avionics . It is a high - wing cantilever monoplane with wings of high aspect ratio . Booms extend rearward from the wings and carry twin tails that are joined by a common horizontal stabiliser . The main units of the tricycle undercarriage retract into the tail booms , and the nosewheel retracts into the fuselage . A single turboprop engine is mounted in the rear fuselage , driving a pusher propeller . Construction throughout is of composite materials . Development . In April 2004 , the Israeli Air Force magazine announced the existence of the programme and reported that two prototypes were already flying . In March the following year , US company Aurora Flight Sciences announced a joint venture to market the aircraft under the name Orion . Aurora hoped to have a machine flying during 2007 , but by the middle of that year , the company had not released anything further about the project . Meanwhile reports emerged of a " first flight " for the Eitan in Israel on 15 July 2006 , despite the previous reports that the aircraft had already been flying two years previously . In late January 2007 , " Yedioth Ahronoth " reported yet another seemingly contradictory announcement , which indicated that the maiden flight was to take place in the coming days . The Eitan was publicly unveiled at a media event at Tel Nof Airbase on 8 October 2007 . The sensors fitted on this occasion included a synthetic aperture radar ( SAR ) mounted in a pod on the aircraft ' s belly , a multi - sensor payload carried under its nose , and two conformal signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) arrays . Additional sensors may be carried at the ends of the tail booms . Analysis of the configuration presented to the media suggests an aircraft intended for deep penetration roles and on - board SIGINT processing capability . However , at the media event an IAF official stated that IAI and the IAF had tested " all kinds of payloads , in all kinds of configuration schemes . " Apart from its intelligence , surveillance , target acquisition , and reconnaissance ( ISTAR ) role , the Eitan may also be used for aerial refuelling , and armed roles including missile defence and long - range strategic strike . Operational . One report stated that Israel deployed Eitans in its alleged 2009 airstrike against an alleged Gaza - bound Iranian arms convoy traveling through Sudan . In February 2010 the Israeli Air Force unveiled its new fleet of Eitans . The first unit to operate the type , 210 Squadron , was inaugurated at Tel Nof in December 2010 . In January 2012 , an Eitan drone crashed near Hafetz Haim during tests of new payloads ; no injuries were reported .
Action of 8 May 1744 The Action of 8 May 1744 was a minor naval engagement of the War of the Austrian Succession in which two French ships of the line , the 60 - gun " Content " , and the 64 - gun " Mars " , captured the British ship of the line HMS " Northumberland " , after a desperate action lasting four hours . " Northumberland " s captain , Thomas Watson , and her second - lieutenant were among those killed . Action . On 8 May , Sir Charles Hardy ' s squadron cruising off Berlengas discovered a sail to the north , and the " Northumberland " was ordered to chase in that direction . The enemy sail was made out by the " Northumberland " to be a French ship of the line , and was found to be accompanied by two other ships ; a 60 - gun vessel and a frigate . Instead of signalling the force of the ships in sight to the vice - admiral , Watson continued standing towards them under full sail , and was soon out of sight of his own fleet . The French ships were much separated ; and at 5 pm " Northumberland " caught up with the stern most , which proved to be the " Mars " . " Mars " opened fire upon the " Northumberland " , which was immediately returned with vigour . But Captain Watson , whose bravery must ever be considered to have ranked higher than his discretion , instead of continuing to engage the " Mars " , pushed on and endeavoured to close the " Content " also ; maintaining all the time , a running action with the " Mars " . When the French ship " Content " approached , a most furious battle took place . After nine hours of fighting by the " Northumberland " was rendered wholly unmanageable , and having had her wheel knocked to pieces , the ship flew up into the wind . At the same time Captain Watson was mortally wounded ; and the master of the ship , who was later court - martialled , struck the British colours .
528th Sustainment Brigade ( United States ) The 528th Sustainment Brigade ( Airborne ) or SBSO ( A ) was activated on 16 December 2008 , as part of the overall United States Army Special Operations Forces logistics transformation . The brigade replaced the Special Operations Support Command ( Airborne ) ( SOSCOM ) as combat service support and combat health support unit for all Army Special Operations Command ( USASOC ) units . Units . The Sustainment Brigade consists of the 112th Special Operations Signal Battalion ( Airborne ) , the Special Troops Battalion ( former 528 Support Battalion ) , the Army Special Operations Forces Support Operations Cell , six ARSOF Liaison Elements and two Medical Role II teams . Together the units of the brigade ensure that US Army Special Operations Forces are equipped to perform their missions . Special Operation Liaison Elements . The Special Operation Liaison Element soldiers are embedded in Army s regional theaters ' staff . They plan and coordinate with theater Army , Special Operations Command and Army Special Operations Command to ensure support during operations and training . As a theater Army staff member , these officers and non - commissioned officers ' knowledge of theater - specific requirements and capabilities assist units in coordination with the theater . Army Special Operations Forces Support Operations Cell . Army Special Operations Forces Support Operations Cells coordinate and synchronize the requirements of ARSOF with conventional Army logistics infrastructure in a deployed environment . Special Troops Battalion & 112th Special Operations Signal Battalion . Specializing in advanced communications and resupply capabilities , members of the 112th Special Operations Signal Battalion ( Airborne ) and the Brigade Troops Battalion ( former 528th SOSB ( A ) , have the mission of supporting USASOC . In their respective fields , signal and support soldiers provide supplies , maintenance , equipment and expertise allowing Special Operation Forces to " shoot , move and communicate " on a continuous basis . Because USASOC often uses Special Operations Forces - unique items , soldiers assigned to these units are taught to operate and maintain a vast array of specialized equipment not normally used by their conventional counterparts . To meet the needs of USASOC , the two battalion s have developed logistical and signal packages that are deployable on a moment ' s notice . Soldiers assigned to these units are generally airborne qualified . References . http : / / www . tioh . hqda . pentagon . mil / Heraldry / ArmyDUISSICOA / ArmyHeraldryUnit . aspx ? u = 4650
José Solchaga José Solchaga Zala ( 1881 , Aberin , Navarre - 1953 ) was a Spanish general who fought for the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War . A Navarrese professional officer of the Spanish Army , in 1936 he joined the " coup " against the Republican government . He led the navarrese troops in the campaign against Guipuzcoa . On 5 August 1936 his troops occupied Irún , cutting off the Republican held zone in the North from the French Frontier and San Sebastían on 13 September . Later , he was promoted to General , led the Nationalist troops in the Biscay campaign In August he led the Navarrese Brigades in the Battle of Santander , and in September 1937 he was one of the Nationalist commanders in the campaign against Asturias . , and in March 1938 he led the Navarrese divisions during the Aragon Offensive . In June 1938 he led the Turia Army Corps in the XYZ Line battle . In December 1938 , he led the Navarrese Army Corps in the Catalonia Offensive and in March 1939 in the Final offensive of the Spanish Civil War .
Wattle - class crane stores lighter The " Wattle " class crane stores lighter is class of three Australian - built lighters which have supported the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) since 1972 . The vessels were originally operated by the RAN , but were transferred to DMS Maritime after 1997 . Design and construction . The design of the " Wattle " class crane stores lighters was based on that of the Aircraft / Water Lighter AWL 304 . The craft have a catamaran hull , a small bridge and a crane with a maximum capacity of 3 tons . As built , each of the lighters was able to carry up to 30 tons of cargo . The " Wattle " class crane stores lighters were built at Cockatoo Island Dockyard in Sydney . The hulls and bridge sections were built separately in Cockatoo Island ' s boiler shop , and then joined together at the island ' s shipyard . Construction of the first craft , CSL 01 , began in March 1972 and work on CSL 02 and 03 commenced in May and July of that year respectively . Service . All three " Wattle " class craft entered service with the RAN in 1972 ; CSL 01 was accepted on 15 August , followed by CSL 02 on 25 September and CSL 03 on 31 October . They were named " Wattle " , " Boronia " and " Telopea " respectively in 1983 . While the " Wattle " class craft were scheduled to be disposed of in 1997 , they were transferred to DMS Maritime instead . As of 2007 , all three remained in service , with " Wattle " being located at Darwin and the other two craft at Sydney . Their main role is to transport ammunition and other stores for the RAN , though they can also be used to control oil spills or tow other lighters .
James Frye James Frye ( b . in Andover , Massachusetts , in 1709 ; d . 8 January 1776 ) was a colonial soldier . He filled several local offices , served at the capture of Louisburg in 1745 , and commanded the Essex regiment at the beginning of the Revolution , taking an active part in the battle of Bunker Hill . He afterward commanded the 6th brigade of the army investing Boston .