100th ( Prince of Wales ' s Royal Canadian ) Regiment of Foot The 100th Foot was raised in Canada as the 100th Royal Canadians to serve as a regular regiment of the British army . Recruiting is recorded to have begun mid March 1858 and took 3 months . The initial enlistment was for 10 years , but not to exceed 12 years . " The Regiment was thoroughly Canadian , having been recruited . . . by the various officers in the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec ; many of the men being of French origin " . In the months of June and July 1858 , the regiment embarked from Quebec for England in three detachments , 1200 strong , some arriving in Liverpool on the July 1st , 1858 . From Liverpool the Regiment moved down to Shorncliffe where they were re - enforced by other regular army officers and conscripts . The regiment spent over nine months in England training and where " The regiment was accorded the title of ' The Prince of Wales Royal Canadian Regiment ' , and the Prince himself , then only seventeen years old , presented the colours , this being the first public act he performed by virtue of his position " . In March 1859 , the Regiment moved to Aldershot for a further 6 weeks training prior to embarkation for Gibraltar . On the move to Gibraltar the 100th numbered 30 officers and 823 other ranks . The Regimental Depot was confirmed as Parkhurst on the Isle of Wight , and the depot in Canada closed . In 1860 the maple leaf was incorporated into the badge of the 100th Regiment ( Royal Canadians ) , and that year the leaves were used extensively in decorations for the Prince of Wales ' s visit . When the regiment was stationed in Canada , it paraded with its headdress decorated with maple leaves on the first " Dominion Day " , July 1 , 1867 . The 100th Regiment was probably the first regiment to wear the maple leaf as part of its insignia . From 1859 to 1863 the regiment was garrisoned at Gibraltar , then relocated to Malta in the autumn of 1863 . Records show that the Regiment ' s soldiers were often bored with garrison duty and there were many who purchased their release with some returning to Canada and many desertions , either to Spain or to the Americas to take part in the American Civil war . Making up these numbers depleted the Canadian content , and apart from British soldiers , the Regiment recruited German and some French into their ranks . Following garrison duty in Gibraltar came service in Malta for three years from 1863 to 1866 being stationed first at Fort Riscasoli , then at St . Elmo Barracks , known locally by the Regiments soldiers as " Hell Hole " and finally under canvas close to Fort Manoel . In 1866 the Fenian threat against Canada resulted in the Regiment returning to Canada on October 15 , 1866 , and arriving in Quebec on the November 3rd , just after the excitement . After arriving in Montreal , the 100th Regiment was divided into two detachments . The right wing remained in Montreal . . . while the left wing was sent to Ottawa . Located at the College Street Barracks there are no records of the 100th becoming involved in ' quelling unrest ' in Canada though detachments were located in Ottawa , Montreal & Quebec City . The Regiment remained in Canada for two years during which time the Dominion of Canada was formed with the union of Ontario , Quebec , Nova Scotia and New Brunswick . Upon completion of ten years ' service , in 1868 , many officers left , and a great many men decided to remain in Canada rather than re - enlist . The discharged soldiers of the 100th Regiment went to their respective homes in various parts of the country , many to occupy positions of honour and trust , in virtue of their military experience and discipline . Many of them joined the militia regiments that were raised in 1870 , to accompany Colonel , Sir Garnet Wolseley ' s expedition to the North - West Territory , for the suppression of the Red River Rebellion . One former officer , Major C . A . Boulton , was a prisoner of Louis Riel during the Red River Rebellion and raised and commanded a unit known as Boulton ' s Mounted Infantry ( a . k . a . ' Scouts ' , ' Horse ' ) for the North West Canada Rebellion , 1885 . The return of the 100th Regiment to the United Kingdom occurred on October 31 , 1868 , with 51 sergeants , 34 corporals , 15 drummers , 431 privates and 26 officers . The next home for the Regiment was Scotland where they arrived in Glasgow on November 12 . They were quartered at Gallowgate Barracks with detachments at Paisley & Ayr . There they stayed until September 9 , 1869 whence they departed for Manchester , England and Salford Barracks . Detachments were sent to Ashton , Bury & Burnley . With various disputes taking place across Europe , the Regiment returned for refresher training to Aldershot in June 1871 . Army maneuvers occupied most of the time and in June 1873 the Regiment moved to Portsmouth . In 1873 as part of the army overhaul the Regiment was allocated a new headquarters in Birr , Ireland ( near Limerick ) along with the 109th as part of the 67th Brigade and so in May 1874 the Regiment moved to Ireland to Richmond Barracks , Dublin and began their association with Ireland . It was during this period that an earlier controversy was settled with the formal association of a former 100th , the Prince Regent ' s County of Dublin Regiment . In 1875 it was considered the successor to the 100th Regiment of Foot ( Prince Regent ' s County of Dublin Regiment ) The former 100th Regiment had served in Canada during the War of 1812 against the United States and in 1875 the succeeding Regiment was authorized to carry the Battle Honour " Niagara " . The Regiment was barracked at various Irish establishments then in June 1876 , came the return to England and Aldershot . In 1877 the Regiment prepared to move to India embarking on October 5 , 1877 . In 1881 it was joined with the 109th Regiment of Foot ( Bombay Infantry ) to form The Prince of Wales ' s Leinster Regiment ( Royal Canadians ) .