naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Blessed Martyrs of Nowogródek The Blessed Martyrs of Nowogródek , also known as the Eleven Nuns of Nowogródek or Sister Stella and Companions were a group of Roman Catholic nuns from the Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth killed by the Gestapo in August 1943 in present - day Belarus . Circumstances . Background . The Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth arrived in Nowogródek in 1929 at the behest of Bishop Zygmunt Lozinski . The Sisters became an integral part of the life of the town . During the Nazi and Soviet occupation of Poland , the Sisters invested great effort in preparing for the religious services — for the residents of the town , liturgical prayer became a beacon of hope amid the hopelessness of the occupation . The Nazi terror in Nowogródek began with the 1942 extermination of the Jews . Of the 20 , 000 inhabitants of the town before the war , approximately half were Jews . The Germans murdered about 9 , 500 of the Jews in a series of " actions " and sent the remaining 550 Jews to slave labor camps . This was followed by a surge in Polish arrests , then the slaughter of 60 people , including two priests . This situation was repeated on 18 July 1943 , when more than 120 people were arrested and slated for execution . The Sisters unanimously expressed their desire to offer their lives in sacrifice for the imprisoned . Sister Maria Stella shared the Sisters ' decision with their chaplain Father Zienkiewicz and rector , saying , " My God , if sacrifice of life is needed , accept it from us and spare those who have families . We are even praying for this intention . " Almost immediately , the plans for the prisoners were changed — they were deported to work camps in Germany , and some of them were even released . When the life of Father Zienkiewicz was threatened , the Sisters renewed their offer , saying , " There is a greater need for a priest on this earth than for us . We pray that God will take us in his place , if sacrifice of life is needed . " Martyrdom . Without warning or provocation , on 31 July 1943 , eleven of the sisters were imprisoned , loaded into a van and driven beyond the town limits . The eleven nuns were killed on 1 August 1943 in the woods beyond Nowogródek , and buried in a common grave . After the execution , Sister M . Malgorzata Banas , the community ' s sole surviving member , located the place of the martyrdom , and remained the guardian of their common grave until her own death in 1966 . The Church of the Transfiguration , known as " Biała Fara " , or " White Church " , now contains the relics of the eleven martyrs . Martyrs . The eleven martyrs are listed below , along with their birth names , dates of birth , and ages at the time of their death . Beatification . On 18 September 1991 , the canonization process for the eleven nuns was officially opened and , on 28 June 1999 , the Zenit News Agency announced that Pope John Paul II had confirmed that they were martyrs . Pope John Paul II beatified them with a group of thirty - three others on Sunday , 5 March 2000 .
William Caulfeild ( British Army officer ) Major William Caulfeild was an officer in the British Army . He was the son of the Hon . Toby Caulfeild , and grandson of William Caulfeild , 1st Viscount Charlemont . He was made Inspector Of Roads for Scotland in 1732 , and after the departure of General Wade he became responsible for directing the construction of new roads and bridges . Although he is not as well known as Wade , he is associated with the construction of far more roads than his predecessor . General Wade was responsible for of road , 40 bridges and 2 forts - whereas Caulfeild was responsible for of road and over 600 bridges . Major Caulfeild died in 1767 .
German submarine U - 327 German submarine " U - 327 " was a Type VIIC / 41 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out three patrols , but did not sink any ships . The boat was sunk in February 1945 by British warships in the English Channel . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 15 April 1943 by the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as ' werk ' 327 , launched on 27 May 1944 and commissioned on 18 July under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Hans Lemcke . She served with the 4th U - boat Flotilla for training , from 18 July 1944 to 31 January 1945 and the 11th flotilla for operations until her sinking on 27 February . 1st patrol . " U - 327 " departed Kiel on 20 January 1945 and arrived in Horten in Norway ( south of Oslo ) , on the 24th . 2nd patrol . The boat left Horten on 28 January 1945 . She arrived at Kristiansand the next day . 3rd patrol and loss . " U - 327 " commenced her third patrol on 30 January 1945 . On 27 February she was sunk by depth charge s dropped by the British frigates HMS " Labuan " and " Loch Fada " . With them in the western English Channel was the sloop HMS " Wild Goose " . Forty - six men died ; there were no survivors . Previously recorded fate . The boat was reported missing after 31 January 1945 southwest of the British coast .
Alphonso G . Kellam Alphonso George Kellam ( born in Livingston County , New York November 23 , 1837 ; died in Spokane , Washington , June 15 , 1909 ) was an officer in the American Civil War , a lawyer , a politician , and one of the original justices of the South Dakota Supreme Court . After being educated at Genesee Wesleyan Seminary in Lima , New York , Kellam arrived in Wisconsin about 1857 and studied law with a firm in Elkhorn , Wisconsin . Admitted to the bar in 1859 , he practiced in Delavan until 1862 , when he raised a company of infantry ( Company D , 22nd Infantry ) and became its captain . He was captured at the Battle of Thompson ' s Station in March 1863 and spent time as a prisoner of war in Libby Prison . In 1864 he was commissioned as a major and served as a staff officer during the Atlanta Campaign and Sherman ' s March to the Sea . Mustered out in June 1865 , he resumed practice in Delavan . He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly 1868 - 1870 . In 1871 he moved to Hampton , Iowa , where he practiced law and became president of a local bank . In 1881 he moved to Chamberlain in the Dakota Territory , where he founded a bank and practiced law . After serving in the constitutional conventions of 1883 , 1885 , and 1889 , he was elected to the South Dakota Supreme Court in 1889 and again in 1893 . Kellam resigned in 1896 , and moved to Spokane , Washington where he again practiced law until his death in 1909 . Kellam was married in October 1865 to Clara Cole in Smithfield , New York . They had one son , Fred W . Kellam , a lawyer in Spokane .
Thomas William Holmes Thomas William Holmes VC ( 14 October 1898 – 4 January 1950 ) was a soldier in the Canadian Expeditionary Force , and was a Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces , during the First World War . Holmes is the youngest Canadian to ever win the Victoria Cross . World War I . Holmes was 19 years old , and a private in the 4th Canadian Mounted Rifles , 2nd Battalion , Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . On 26 October 1917 near Passchendaele , Belgium , he performed a deed for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross : when the right flank of the Canadian attack was held up by heavy machine - gun fire from a pill - box strong point and heavy casualties were producing a critical situation , Private Holmes , on his own initiative and single - handed , ran forward and threw two bombs , killing and wounding the crews of two machine - guns . He then fetched another bomb and threw this into the entrance of the pill - box , causing the 19 occupants to surrender . It was during the investiture at Buckingham Palace that Holmes admitted to King George V that he had lied about his age and joined the army at age 17 . Later life . After the war Holmes was a pilot for the Harbor Commission for fifteen years . In 1936 he and another officer saved the lives of three persons whose auxiliary cabin boat upset in the harbor . In 1935 his home was robbed and the Victoria Cross was stolen . In 1942 Holmes narrowly escaped death when his launch exploded . Holmes died on 4 January 1950 and is buried at Greenwood Cemetery , Owen Sound , Ontario , Canada . His memorial service was attended by Victoria Cross holders Henry Howey Robson , Colin Fraser Barron and Walter Leigh Rayfield . A replica of Thomas Holmes VC medal is now on display at the Owen Sound Royal Canadian Legion Branch # 6 .
Albert Kerscher Albert Kerscher ( 29 March 1916 – 12 June 2011 ) was a highly decorated Oberfeldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Jinkanpo Atsugi Incinerator The Jinkanpo Atsugi Incinerator , ( also known as the Shinkanpo Incineration Complex and Enviro - Tech ) was a waste incinerator located in Ayase , Kanagawa Prefecture , Japan . It began operation in the 1980s and was closed in 2001 . The incinerator was near Naval Air Facility Atsugi ( NAF Atsugi ) , a base manned partly by several thousand United States Navy members and their families . Throughout its history , the incinerator reportedly blew toxic and cancerous emissions over the high - rise base dwellings in its immediate vicinity . The incinerator ' s owners , arrested and jailed for charges of tax evasion , neglected the maintenance of the facility . The pollution had become so much of a health concern for the American residents that if they showed signs of adverse health effects , the U . S . military authorities allowed them to leave early ( usually servicemembers are stationed at the base for a tour of three years ) . Many U . S . servicemembers reported sickness and a few died from cancer shortly after moving back to the United States ; however , The US Navy has not established connection between their exposure and their disease . For a time , the base required servicemembers to undergo medical screenings before being stationed at the base in order to ensure that they had no medical condition that would be worsened by the poor air quality . In May 2001 the Japanese government purchased the plant for nearly 40 million dollars and shut it down , after the U . S . government , specifically the Department of Justice brought suit against the private incinerator owner in Ayase City , Kanagawa Prefecture . Dismantling was completed by the end of that year . Some former residents of Atsugi NAS still complain of health problems related to the incinerator ' s emissions and report that the USN has been reluctant to address their concerns . The incinerator contaminated the base , especially the housing area , with dioxin , heavy metals , and other deadly toxins . In June , 2007 , the USN ' s Environmental Health Center announced that it would conduct a study of the health population of those stationed at NAF Atsugi during the time the incinerator was in operation . The Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center has stated that a new health study is currently underway and should be released in the summer of 2009 .
Yuri II of Vladimir Yuri II ( ) , also known as George II of Vladimir or Georgy II Vsevolodovich ( 11894 March 1238 ) , was the fourth Grand Prince of Vladimir ( 1212 – 1216 , 1218 – 1238 ) who presided over Vladimir - Suzdal at the time of the Mongol invasion of Russia . He was the third and best - loved son of Vsevolod III and Maria Shvarnovna . He first distinguished himself in the battles against Ryazan in 1208 . His father wanted Yuri to inherit Rostov and his elder brother Konstantin to succeed him in Vladimir . The latter , however , declared that he would rule both towns or nothing at all . Thereupon Vsevolod disinherited Konstantin and passed the throne to Yuri . After Vsevolod ' s death , Konstantin allied himself with Mstislav the Bold and defeated Yuri and his other brothers on the Lipitsa River . Having gained Vladimir , Konstantin sent Yuri to rule Rostov and Yaroslavl . Two years later Konstantin died , and Yuri was allowed to return to Vladimir . During his reign in Vladimir , Yuri waged several wars against Volga Bulgaria and founded the fortress of Nizhny Novgorod on the Volga River to secure the area from Bulgarian attacks . He installed his younger brother Yaroslav in Novgorod . When the Mongols first approached Russia in 1223 , he sent a small unit against them , but it arrived too late to take part in the disastrous Battle of the Kalka River . When the Mongols returned in 1237 , Yuri treated their envoys with disdain . Likewise , he did not help Ryazan when Batu Khan laid siege to that city . His own capital , however , was the next in line . Yuri ' s sons were soundly defeated near Kolomna , and Yuri himself could barely escape to Yaroslavl . His wife Agatha ( Mikhail of Kiev ' s sister ) and all his family died in Vladimir when a church where they had sought refuge from the fire collapsed . Yuri himself was killed on 4 March 1238 , in the Battle of the Sit River , whereby vast Mongol hordes defeated the army of Vladimir - Suzdal .
Battle of Landeshut ( 1760 ) The Battle of Landeshut was an engagement fought on June 23 , 1760 during the Seven Years ' War . A Prussian army of 12 , 000 men under General Heinrich August de la Motte Fouqué fought an Austrian army of over 28 , 000 men under General von Loudon and suffered a defeat , with its commander taken prisoner .
64th Pioneers The 64th Pioneers was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1758 , when they were the 5th Battalion Coast Sepoys . Over the years the regiment was known by a number of different titles the 5th Carnatic Battalion 1769 – 1770 , the 4th Carnatic Battalion 1770 – 1784 , the 4th Madras Battalion 1784 – 1796 , 1st Battalion , 4th Madras Native Infantry 1796 – 1824 , the 4th Madras Native Infantry 1824 – 1883 , the 4th Madras Native Infantry ( Pioneers ) 1883 – 1901 , the 4th Madras Infantry ( Pioneers ) 1901 – 1903 and finally after the Kitchener reforms of the Indian Army when the names of the presidencies were dropped the 64th Pioneers . During World War I they were in the Mandalay Brigade in the Burma Division . After World War I the Indian Government reformed the army again moving from single battalion regiment to multi battalion regiments . Following these reforms the 64th Pioneers became the 2nd Battalion , 3rd Madras Pioneers in 1922 , and the in 1929 , they joined the Corps of Madras Pioneers . They were finally disbanded for economic reasons in 1933 .
729th Airlift Squadron The 729th Airlift Squadron ( 729 AS ) is a United States Air Force Reserve squadron , assigned to the 452d Operations Group , stationed at March Joint Air Reserve Base , California . Overview . It operates C - 17 Globemaster III aircraft providing global airlift any time , any place . History . Established in mid - 1943 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bombardment squadron ; assigned to II Bomber Command for training , primarily in the Pacific Northwest . Deployed to the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) in January 1944 , being assigned to Eighth Air Force in England . Engaged in strategic bombardment operations over Occupied Europe and Nazi Germany , becoming one of the most highly decorated squadron of the Air Offensive . Engaged in strategic bombardment operations until the German Capitulation in May 1945 . Returned to the United States and prepared for B - 29 transition training , however Japanese Capitulation in August led to unit ' s inactivation in November . Reactivated in the reserves in 1947 as a B - 29 Superfortress bomber squadron , assigned to Long Beach AAF , California . Never equipped with Superfortresses , redesignated as a light bomb squadron and received B - 26 Invaders in 1949 . Moved to George AFB in 1950 when Long Beach was closed . Was deployed to Japan in August 1950 for combat duty during the Korean War , engaged in night bombardment missions over both North and South Korea . Inactivated in May 1952 with assets being reassigned to active - duty units . It has airlifted personnel and cargo worldwide since 1960 . Missions the 729th has flown included humanitarian relief , aeromedical flights , and airdrop s of supplies and paratrooper s .
Jeremy Lister Ensign Jeremy Lister ( 1752 – 1836 ) was a British officer in the 10th Regiment of Foot during the early days of the American Revolution . His journal was later published as " Concord fight : Being so much of the narrative of Ensign Jeremy Lister of the 10th Regiment of Foot as pertains to his services on 19 April 1775 " . Lister was born at Shibden Hall , England in 1752 . In 1770 Lister was commissioned an ensign with the 10th Regiment of Foot in England and sailed for Canada . After being stationed at Fort Niagara in America he saw action at Lexington and Concord , Massachusetts . He was wounded in the elbow on the return leg of the expedition to Concord and North Bridge . On 17 February 1781 Lister was promoted to Captain . He stayed with the 10th until 1783 . He sold his commission and settled in Market Weighton and later at Halifax in Western Yorkshire . He died at the family estate Shibden Hall in 1836 . Jeremy and his future wife , Rebecca Battle ( d . 1817 ) , had a daughter Anne Lister ( 1791 - 1840 ) , who in the early 19th Century wrote an extensive diary , preserved in 26 volumes of her daily life , travels and lesbian loves at West Yorkshire Archives in Halifax .
936th Tactical Airlift Group The 936th Tactical Airlift Group is an inactive United States Air Force Reserve unit . It was last active with the 442d Tactical Airlift Wing , based at Richards - Gebaur Air Force Base , Missouri . It was inactivated on 30 June 1974 History . Following the mobilizations in 1961 and 1962 for the Berlin Crisis and the Cuban Missile Crisis , Continental Air Command ( ConAC ) realized that it was unwieldy to mobilize an entire wing unless absolutely necessary . Their original Table of Organization for each Wing was a wing headquarters , a troop carrier group , an Air Base Group , a maintenance and supply group , and a medical group . In 1957 , the troop carrier group and maintenance and supply groups were inactivated , with their squadrons reassigned directly to the wing headquarters - despite the fact that many wings had squadrons spread out over several bases due to the Detached Squadron Concept dispersing Reserve units over centers of population . To resolve this , in late 1962 and early 1963 , ConAC reorganized the structure of its reserve Troop Carrier Wings by establishing fully deployable Troop Carrier Groups and inserting them into the chain of command between the Wing and its squadrons at every base that held a ConAC troop carrier squadron . At each base , the group was composed of a material squadron , a troop carrier squadron , a tactical hospital or dispensary , and a combat support squadron . Each troop carrier wing consisted of 3 or 4 of these groups . By doing so , ConAC could facilitate the mobilization of either aircraft and aircrews alone , aircraft and minimum support personnel ( one troop carrier group ) , or the entire troop carrier wing . This also gave ConAC the flexibility to expand each Wing by attaching additional squadrons , if necessary from other Reserve wings to the deployable groups for deployments . As a result , the 936th Troop Carrier Group was established with a mission to organize , recruit and train Air Force Reserve personnel in the tactical airlift of airborne forces , their equipment and supplies and delivery of these forces and materials by airdrop , landing or cargo extraction systems . The group was equipped with C - 124 Globemaster II s for Tactical Air Command airlift operations . The group was one of three C - 124 groups assigned to the 442d TCW in 1963 , the others being the 935th Troop Carrier Group , also at Richards - Gebaur AFB , Missouri , and the 937th Troop Carrier Group , at Tinker AFB , Oklahoma . The group flew overseas missions , particularly to the Far East and Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War . In 1971 , the group began phasing out the C - 124 and by 1972 , had fully transitioned to the C - 130 Hercules . Inactivated in 1974 as part of the post - Vietnam War drawdown , its squadron being assigned directly to the 442d TCW .
Andrew E . Goldsbery Andrew E . Goldsbery ( September 25 , 1840 – December 27 , 1910 ) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22 , 1863 . His name is sometimes spelled as Goldsbury . Goldsbery joined the 127th Illinois Infantry in August 1862 , and was mustered out in June 1865 . Union assault . On May 22 , 1863 , General Ulysses S . Grant ordered an assault on the Confederate heights at Vicksburg , Mississippi . The plan called for a storming party of volunteers to build a bridge across a moat and plant scaling ladders against the enemy embankment in advance of the main attack . The volunteers knew the odds were against survival and the mission was called , in nineteenth century vernacular , a " forlorn hope " . Only single men were accepted as volunteers and even then , twice as many men as needed came forward and were turned away . The assault began in the early morning following a naval bombardment . The Union soldiers came under enemy fire immediately and were pinned down in the ditch they were to cross . Despite repeated attacks by the main Union body , the men of the forlorn hope were unable to retreat until nightfall . Of the 150 men in the storming party , nearly half were killed . Seventy - nine of the survivors were awarded the Medal of Honor . Medal of Honor citation . For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863 .