naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Carl Johan Adlercreutz Carl Johan Adlercreutz ( April 27 , 1757 – August 21 , 1815 ) was a Swedish general and statesman , born in Borga , Finland on family estates . Entering the Swedish army aged 13 in the Finnish Light Cavalry Brigade , he was present when Gustav III launched his coup - d ’ etat . He studied military theory in Stockholm . In 1777 he joined the Savolax Brigade protecting the Finnish border against Russian aggression . Adlercreutz first saw action in the 1788 - 1790 Russo - Swedish War , where he distinguished himself . He was promoted Major in 1791 and Squadron Commander 1792 . During the Anjala mutiny he remained faithful to the King , standing against the war with Russia , then took part in the trials against the conspirators . He was thereafter appointed the commanding officer of the Nyland Dragoons , holding this post until 1804 , when he was made " Ofverste " ( Colonel - in - Chief ) of the newly - raised Adlercreutz Regiment . Finnish War of 1808 . At the opening of the Finnish war Adlercreutz was appointed " Ofverste " commanding the 2nd brigade under Klercker . He replaced Gustaf Löwenhielm as Wilhelm Mauritz Klingspor ’ s Chief of Staff on the 14th April . Adlercreutz distinguished himself in action at Siikajoki , 18th April , and at Revolax , 27th . On the 24th June he forced the Russians from Nykarleby . As CO of the Northern ‘ Army ’ he drove Raevsky from Lappo in a brilliant action on 14 July , then defeated the Russians again at Alavo in August . At the end of that month he was appointed to command the ‘ Finnish ’ Division under Klingspor . Forced to retreat due to the Swedish victories not being exploited , he was severely defeated by Nikolay Kamensky at the Battle of Oravais 14 September , which obliged him to abandon Finland . As a consequence of the loss of Finland his estates were confiscated . Coup d ' Etat and subsequent career . Adlercreutz returned to Stockholm to take charge of a military junta ruling the country in place of the insane King Gustav IV . With Georg Adlersparre , on 13th Mar 1809 at the head of the Junta he arrested the King and seized power . Adlercreutz proposed that he himself should be made king , but the French General Bernadotte was chosen instead as Crown Prince Charles XIII . Later the two generals quarreled , and Adlersparre was disgraced , while Adlercreutz remained in favor , elected Count and took a seat in the Government . In 1813 Adlercreutz was made General and appointed Chief of Staff to Curt von Stedingk under the Crown Prince ' s Swedish Army of the North in Germany 1813 . He served at the Battle of Leipzig 16 – 19 October , and was made a Commander of the Austrian Order of Maria Theresa , 88 / 144 promotion 1813 - 14 .
689th Combat Communications Wing The 689th Combat Communications Wing ( 689th CCW ) is a wing of the United States Air Force stationed at Robins Air Force Base , Georgia . The wing was activated on 9 October 2009 . It is a subordinate unit of the Twenty - Fourth Air Force . The 689th CCW ' s mission is to train , deploy and deliver expeditionary and specialized communications , air traffic control , landing systems and takes cyber to the tactical edge for relief and combat operations . Its units include the 3d Combat Communications Group , at Tinker Air Force Base , Oklahoma , and the 5th Combat Communications Group at Robins Air Force Base in Georgia .
Saab 21R The Saab 21R was a Swedish twin - boom fighter / attack aircraft made by SAAB . It was a jet - powered development of the piston - engine d Saab 21 which along with the Russian Yakovlev Yak - 15 was one of the only two jet fighters successfully converted from a piston - powered aircraft to enter production . As a fighter , its service designation in the Swedish Air Force was " J 21R " , and saw service in the late 1940s . Design and development . In early 1945 , Saab launched a project to determine how to provide J21A with a jet engine to get the experience of jet engines and flying at high speeds . The goal was to catch up with the development of jet aircraft , which were moving ahead fast in England , where , among others , de Havilland already had the de Havilland Vampire in production . When the project started , the engine choice was an open question . But as the project progressed it became possible to buy a jet engine " Goblin 2 " from De Havilland Engine Company Ltd . , England , along with the license to manufacture in Sweden . This engine became the Air Force ' s first Jet Engine , RM1 They rebuilt J21A received type designation J21R . First flight with Saab ' s first jet took place on 10 March 1947 . Changes from the J - 21A version : Because of the engine exhaust position the stabilizer had to be raised , which meant that the tail must be redesigned . Measures to improve the aerodynamic design of the aircraft were carried out , for example , curved front glass in the canopy and a refined wing leading edge . Air brakes were introduced in the form of an upward and a downward flap on the outer wings trailing edge . Ejection seat improvements were made to enable ejections at high speed . Fuel volume increased significantly with the use of tanks in the middle wing and large wing tip tanks . The attack version A21R added 14 . 5 cm attack rockets placed under the middle wing . Furthermore , an alternative external machine gun pod was created . A big sensation was that it was possible to fire all 13 weapons at the same time . This was an interesting " Sensation " to the pilot as well . A production of 124 planes , in four prototypes , was planned originally , including four prototypes . When experience with the type as a fighter was gained with F10 wing it was concluded that all aircraft needed to be changed to attack aircraft . The production sereies was then reduced to 64 aircraft . Of these , 34 were J21RA fitted with the Goblin 2 engine , RM1 , with 1360kp of thrust . 30 J21RB with a Swedish - made Goblin 3 engine , RM1A , with a thrust of 1500kp Operational history . The first prototype Saab 21R first flew on 10 March 1947 , just after the Second World War . The aircraft first entered into service with F 10 in August 1950 . Although the type was originally intended as a fighter aircraft , a newly developed fighter , the Saab J 29 first flew in October 1948 , the number to be produced was halved from 120 to 60 , and eventually all 21Rs were converted to attack aircraft as A 21RA or the A 21RB depending on the engine type . F10 Ängelholm 1949 - 1951 J21RA F7 Såtenäs 1950 - 1954 A21RA / B F17 Kallinge 1954 - 1956 A21RA / B
Air Bridge Denial Program The Air Bridge Denial ( ABD ) Program is an anti - narcotics program operated by the U . S . Central Intelligence Agency in Colombia and Peru . Starting in the 1990s , it targets traffickers transporting illicit drugs through the air by forcing down suspicious aircraft , using lethal force if necessary . The program was suspended in April 2001 when a legitimate civilian aircraft was shot down in Peru and two U . S . citizens were killed . It was restarted in Colombia in August 2003 after additional safeguards were established . As of 2005 , the United States had provided $ 68 million for the program , which had so far only produced only one drug seizure . In 2010 the Government Accountability Office produced a report stating that the program faced challenges and that the effectiveness of the program at stopping narcotics trafficking was difficult to assess . It noted , however , that the program often advanced broad foreign policy objectives of the United States . Mistaken shootdown of US civilians . On April 20 , 2001 a small floatplane carrying a family of four missionaries and a pilot was tracked by a CIA spotter plane as a possible drug - running plane . The Peruvian Air Force wrongly identified it as belonging to a drug smuggler , and a Peruvian fighter jet shot it down . Of the five people on the plane , Veronica Bowers and her infant daughter were killed in the incident , while her husband Jim and their son Cory , as well as the pilot Kevin Donaldson , managed to survive after crash - landing the plane on the Amazon River despite serious leg wounds . On November 1 , 2010 the Central Intelligence Agency declassified a 2008 CIA inspector general report that indicated that retired and current officers were given administrative punishments for their role in the incident . While the report laid the blame for the shoot - down at the feet of the Peruvian military , investigators concluded " there were problems with the program " and mistakes were made , requiring disciplinary action .
David Caldicott Dr . David Caldicott is an Irish Emergency Consultant at the Emergency Department of the Calvary Hospital in Canberra , Australian Capital Territory . He was the convenor of the OzTox Collaboration , an independent multidisciplinary , hospital - based research group committed to a harm minimisation approach to illicit drug use . He has been an outspoken critic of politicians supporting ' zero - tolerance ' and prohibitionist drugs policy , questioning the evidence of their efficacy in preventing morbidity and mortality from illicit substances . He believes that drugs policy should not be guided by moral values , but by interventions known to have an effect on users ’ behaviour . He was a strong advocate for a pill testing program in South Australia , as recommended by the 2002 Drugs Summit . Dr . Caldicott is one of the founding members of " The List " , a politically independent group of experts committed to maintaining the truth on illicit drug debate in the Australian media . The List promised to monitor the media on drugs policy issues in the run up to the Australian federal general election in 2007 . He is on the expert panel for the Australian Science Media Centre on issues of illicit drug use and medical response to disasters . Dr . Caldicott is one of the designers and co - authors of the Designer Drug Early Warning System , and was the Project manager for the TRAUMATOX Project . Both of these studies are some of the largest of their kind ever conducted in Australia . He designed and piloted the Welsh Emergency Department Investigation of Novel Substances ( WEDINOS ) project in the UK , a unique program using regional emergency departments as sentinel monitoring hubs for the emergence and spread of novel illicit products . In addition to having a research interest in the acute health effects of illicit drugs , he is also co - author of the Bombs , Blasts and Bullets course , a primer for first responders approaching mass casualty incidents of terrorist origin .
Black Brigade of Cincinnati The Black Brigade of Cincinnati was a military unit that was organized during the Civil War when the city of Cincinnati , Ohio was in danger of being attacked by Confederates . The men that were a part of the Black Brigade were among the first of their race to be employed by the military of the North . Cincinnati did not allow black males to join their volunteer militia . On September 2 , 1862 , many blacks were rounded up by the local police and impressed into service to help construct emergency fortifications around the city . Labor was hard , and the police guards at times oppressed the workers by force . Soon after , Federal officer Colonel William M . Dickson was placed in charge , and he treated the men fairly . These black men worked on the fortifications until September 20 . The Brigade had 1 fatality : Joseph Johns killed in an accident 17 September 1862 . The Black Brigade was later recognized as the first formal organization of Northern Colored People for military reasons .
Grayston Lynch Grayston L . Lynch ( 14 June 1923 – 10 August 2008 ) was an American soldier and CIA officer . He was one of the two CIA agents who commanded the faction of the army that went to war in the Bay of Pigs Invasion . The other agent was William " Rip " Robertson . Lynch was born in Tampa , Florida and was the son of an oil driller . He was wounded at Normandy , the Battle of the Bulge , and Heartbreak Ridge in Korea ; served with the Special Forces in Laos ; and received three Purple Hearts , two Silver Star s and one Bronze Star with a " V " for valor , among other awards . He was selected from the elite to become a Paramilitary Operations Officer in the CIA ' s famed Special Activities Division in 1960 . For his extraordinary heroism at the Bay of Pigs , Lynch was awarded the Intelligence Star , the CIA ' s most coveted award . In the six years after the Bay of Pigs invasion , he ran commando raids into Cuba . Lynch retired from the CIA in 1971 . Military service . Lynch lied about his age and enlisted in the U . S . Army in 1938 and was assigned to 5th Cavalry at Fort Clark , Texas . During World War II he was assigned to the Second Division as platoon sergeant . During D - day he landed at Omaha Beach and then fought in the Battle of the Bulge where he was seriously wounded . He served in the Korean War with the Second Division as Second Lt . , promoted to First Lt . , wounded at Battle of Bloody Ridge . Later served in Laos with 77th Special Forces Group as Captain , retiring from them in 1960 . Education . Lynch received a BA degree in political science from the University of Maryland , College Park in 1953 . CIA career . In 1960 he joined the CIA working under Theodore Shackley . He wrote a book , " Decision for Disaster : Betrayal at the Bay of Pigs " , based on his experience leading the rebel Brigade 2506 . Lynch is referred to or mentioned in the following books :
26th Air Refueling Squadron The 26th Air Refueling Squadron ( 26 AREFS ) was a squadron of the United States Air Force that flew the KC - 97 E / F / G Stratofreighter . History . The 26 AREFS flew worldwide air refueling operations from 1952 - 61 . The 26th AREFS ' s KC - 97 s refueled F - 84G fighters from the 506th Strategic Fighter Wing participating in the Operation Longstride in Aug 1953 . They refueled seventeen F - 84G s from Turner AFB , Georgia to RAF Lakenheath , Great Britain during a non - stop 4 , 485 - mile trip . During the second phase of Operation Longstride in October 1953 , the 26th helped refuel eight F - 84 s of the 31st Strategic Fighter Wing from Turner AFB , Georgia to Nouasseur Air Base , French Morocco . The aircraft covered 3 , 800 miles in 10 hours and 20 minutes , thanks to in - flight refueling by brand - new SAC KC - 97s in the vicinity of Bermuda and the Azores . Crews and aircraft from the 26th deployed to Lajes AB Portugal in September 1954 for 45 days to refuel RB - 47 reconnaissance aircraft .
Damnazes Damnazes ( ; died 522 ) was a 6th - century king of Lazica ( western Georgia ) , a contemporary of the Sassanid king of Iran Kavadh I . Damnazes , like other kings of Late Antique Lazica , are mentioned by the contemporary chronicles in the context of the rivalry between the Eastern Roman ( Byzantine ) Empire and Sassanid Iran in the Caucasus . Damnazes is known to the Byzantine historian John Malalas as the father and predecessor of Tzathius , king of the Lazi . The anonymous " Chronicon Paschale " ( " Chron . Pasch . " s . a . 522 ) renders his name as " Zamnaxes " . According to a genealogical hypothesis by Professor Cyril Toumanoff , Damnazes might have been a son of the Lazic king Gubazes I , who is known to have had his son as co - ruler 456 . Damnazes was a subject of the Sassanid king and , although ruling over a Christian country , professed Zoroastrianism . On his death , his son and successor , Tzathius , rejected an Iranian coronation and repaired to Constantinople to have his accession validated by the Byzantine emperor Justin I .
Sheffield City Battalion The Sheffield City Battalion was a Pals battalion during the First World War . Raised in 1914 , it was designated as the 12th ( Sheffield City ) ( Service ) Battalion , York and Lancaster Regiment . History . Recruits . The battalion found its recruits came from all walks of life ; from £500 a year businessmen and stockbrokers to shop assistants and clerks . By 5 December 1914 , there were 1 , 131 officers and men in the battalion . It was brigaded in the 94th Brigade of the 31st Division alongside the 1st and 2nd Barnsley Pals from the Yorks and Lancs and the Accrington Pals from the East Lancashire Regiment . The Destroying . The 31st Division had been assigned to the defence of the Suez Canal but after arriving there it was sent back to France where it found itself in the line opposite the fortified town of Serre in April 1916 . For the Somme offensive , the Sheffield City battalion would have the dubious honour of being on the extreme left of the 15 - mile British front . On 1 July , at 7 . 20 am , the battalion moved into No Man ' s Land while the German lines were mortared . The Germans responded with a counter - barrage while the second waves were coming out of the trenches . At 7 . 30 am the bombardment stopped and the four waves of the battalion rose and advanced into a devastating hail of machinegun bullets and artillery fire . They were caught in machinegun fire from their exposed left and their front . The third and fourth waves were cut in half before they even reached No - Mans land . A few survivors made it to the German wire ( uncut ) and on the right wing some even found their way into the German front line . Few of these were able to return . Corporal Outram , a signaller , recalled that ; " " as far as the eye could see , the last two men left standing on the battlefield were himself and another signaller , A . Brammer . They signalled to each other . Outram turned his head for a moment , and when he looked back Brammer had gone . " " The remnants of the battalion were taken out of the line on the evening of 3 July , having lost 513 officers and men killed , wounded or missing ; a further 75 were slightly wounded . Serre would remain uncaptured until the German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line in 1917 . The Pals character of the battalion would never be regained , losing many more casualties before the end of the Somme campaign . By the early weeks of 1918 ' the greatly weakened battalion was disbanded . References .
George Allan Maling Captain George Allan Maling VC ( 6 October 1888 – 9 July 1929 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was educated at Uppingham School . Part of the Maling pottery family , Maling was born in Bishopwearmouth , County Durham , the son of Edwin Allan Maling ( 1838 – 1920 ) , a general practitioner , and his wife , Maria Jane , née Hartley ( 1847 – 1932 ) . He was also a maternal cousin of Sir Henry Havelock . Maling was a 26 year old Lieutenant in the Royal Army Medical Corps , attached to the 12th Battalion , The Rifle Brigade ( Prince Consort ' s Own ) during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 25 September 1915 near Fauquissart , France Lieutenant Maling worked for over 24 hours with untiring energy , collecting and treating in the open , under heavy shell fire , more than 300 men . During the morning of the 25th he was temporarily stunned by the bursting of a large high explosive shell which wounded his only assistant and killed several of his patients . A second shell covered him and his instruments with debris , but he continued his gallant work single - handed . Maling ' s Victoria Cross is displayed at the Army Medical Services Museum , Aldershot .
Kosmos 2444 Kosmos 2444 ( meaning " Cosmos 2444 " ) is one of a set of three set of three Russia n military satellites launched in 2008 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system . It was launched with Kosmos 2442 and Kosmos 2443 . This satellites is a GLONASS - M satellite , also known as Uragan - M , and is numbered Uragan - M No . 726 . Kosmos 2442 / 3 / 4 were launched from Site 81 / 23 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 08 : 49 UTC on 25 September 2008 . The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designators 2008 - 046C . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 33380 . It is no longer part of the GLONASS constellation but was formerly in the third orbital plane , orbital slot 22 .
JDS Chōkai ( DDG - 176 ) JDS " Chōkai " ( DDG - 176 ) is a Kongō class guided missile destroyer in the Japan Maritime Self - Defense Force ( JMSDF ) . " Chōkai " was named for Mount Chōkai . She was laid down by IHI Corporation in Tokyo on May 29 , 1995 , launched on August 27 , 1996 ; and commissioned on March 20 , 1998 . Service . This ship was one of several in the JMSDF fleet participating in disaster relief after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami .
Knowlton ' s Rangers Knowlton ' s Rangers were the United States of America ' s first organized espionage organization , as well as the first American Ranger unit formed after America declared its independence from the United Kingdom . Named after their commander , Thomas Knowlton , they were formed in 1776 . History . Formation . On August 12 , 1776 , General of the Army George Washington promoted Knowlton to Lieutenant Colonel . He was ordered to select an elite group of men from Connecticut , Rhode Island , and Massachusetts to carry out reconnaissance missions . America ' s first official spies , " Knowlton ' s Rangers " were also the first organized American elite troops , analogous to a modern special forces unit . The famous American spy , Captain Nathan Hale , of Coventry , Connecticut , was under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Knowlton . The date " 1776 " on the modern U . S . Army ' s intelligence service seal refers to the formation of Knowlton ' s Rangers . Battle of Harlem Heights . On September 16 , 1776 , Knowlton ' s Rangers , outfitted as a regiment of light infantry , were scouting in advance of Washington ' s Army at Harlem Heights , New York . They stumbled upon the Black Watch , an elite Highlander British unit with an attachment of Hessians . They managed a successful retreat but re - engaged the enemy with the support of a unit led by Major Leitch of Virginia . General Washington ordered the units to fall on the enemy ' s rear , while a feint in front engaged the British troops ’ attention . An American premature shot into the right flank of the British ruined Washington ' s plan and placed Knowlton ' s Rangers and the Virginians at risk . Once the premature shot had been fired , Knowlton rallied his troops to carry on the attack . Both commanding officers were killed in front of their men . Knowlton ' s loss was lamented by Washington in his general orders for September 17 , 1776 with the statement " " The gallant and brave Col Knowlton , . . . would have been an Honor to any Country , having fallen yesterday , while gloriously fighting . . . " " .