naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Alfred Günther Alfred Günther ( 25 April 1917 – 15 June 1944 ) was a Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) in the Waffen SS who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . Günther , SS service number 392 402 , commanded the 3rd Company , 1st SS Sturmgeschütz Battalion . and became the first member of the unit to be awarded the Knight ' s Cross on 3 March 1943 . He was later transferred to the 101st SS Heavy Panzer Battalion and commanded a Tiger tank in the 3rd Platoon , 3rd Company . He was killed when his Tiger tank was hit by an aircraft bomb on 15 June 1944 . His grave is in War Graves cemetery at La Cambe : Block 30 Row 8 grave 303 .
HMS Shannon ( 1803 ) The third HMS " Shannon " was a 36 - gun frigate of the British Royal Navy built at Frindsbury on the River Medway on the Thames Estuary . She was completed on 3 September 1803 during the Napoleonic Wars . Her name was changed from " Pallas " to " Shannon " shortly before construction , traditionally an omen of bad luck for a ship . In her case , she was wrecked within three months of her being launched . Wreck . She was attached to the Channel fleet and spent the next few months under her captain , Edward Leveson - Gower , on patrol off the Cape La Hogue searching for French coastal shipping and privateers attempting to slip out of the Normandy port of Cherbourg . The 18 - gun brig HMS " Merlin " , under Edward Pelham Brenton , accompanied her . At 8pm on 10 December , just three months after she was completed , the ship was lost on Tatihou Island , near Barfleur , directly under an enemy battery . There was a heavy gale blowing and in the darkness , Leveson - Gower lost his position after losing sight of the Barfleur lighthouse . Assuming he had sea room , he attempted to wear around ; a lee tide caught " Shannon " and crashed her straight onto the rocks . " Merlin " spotted land thanks to a bolt of lighting and was able to wear off in time . Efforts overnight to lighten " Shannon " succeeded in that eventually she floated , but she was so full of water that she grounded again and it was evident that she was lost . During these efforts , a French battery fired on " Shannon " , striking her with some 60 shots and killing three men wounding eight . At 8 : 30p . m . " Shannon " struck . The surviving crew were able to scramble ashore unharmed , where the French troops garrisoning the battery above the wreck captured them . Some French fishing boats led by Ensign Lacroix took possession of " Shannon " , and saw that her hull was so damaged that she would be impossible to refloat . " Merlin " stood back into shore on the 16th and at 11 . 30am dispatched two boats of marines and sailors to destroy " Shannon " to prevent the French from salvaging her guns and stores . Despite heavy fire from the island ' s batteries the boarders were able to burn and destroy the frigate without suffering a single casualty . Aftermath . Edward Pelham Brenton was the younger brother of Captain Jahleel Brenton , who was a captive at Verdun , where Leveson - Gower would join him in January 1804 . About three and a quarter years after the loss of " Shannon " , Leveson - Gower and his officers returned to England . There a court martial honorably acquitted them of all blame for the loss .
USS Reybold ( DE - 177 ) USS " Reybold " ( DE - 177 ) was a built for the United States Navy during World War II . She served in the Atlantic Ocean and provided escort service against submarine and air attack for Navy vessels and convoys . " Reybold " was named in honor of John Keane Reybold who was killed by friendly fire during a convoy run . The ship was laid down on 3 May 1943 by the Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co . , Port Newark , New Jersey ; launched on 22 August 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . John K . Reybold , widow of Lt . Comdr . John K . Reybold ; and commissioned on 29 September 1943 , Lt . Comdr . A . B . Bradley , Jr . , in command . World War II Atlantic Ocean operations . Following shakedown off Bermuda , " Reybold " operated briefly under ComSubLant , then completed an escort run from Rhode Island to the Panama Canal Zone . She then steamed to Norfolk , Virginia , before the end of 1943 and , on 2 January 1944 , she sailed south to join the U . S . 4th Fleet . On the 15th , she arrived at Recife , Brazil , whence she escorted ships to Trinidad and back until July , interrupting that duty only for air / sea rescue operations at the end of May . In July , she guarded the sealanes between Brazil and Gibraltar , anchoring off the latter 13 – 15 July and returning to Recife on the 23rd to prepare for transfer to the Brazilian Navy . Decommissioning . Shifting to Natal , Brazil , on 9 August , " Reybold " was decommissioned and transferred under the terms of lend - lease to Brazil on 15 August 1944 . Renamed Bracuí , she continued operations under that name throughout the remainder of World War II and the 1940s . She was returned to the custody of the United States and transferred , permanently , under the terms of the military defense aid program , to Brazil on 30 June 1953 . She served in the Brazilian Navy as " Bracuí " until 11 July 1972 .
24th Panzer Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 24th Panzer Division was formed in 1942 from the 1st Cavalry Division based at Königsberg . Service . It served under the Fourth Panzer Army in Army Group South of the Eastern Front . In late December 1942 it was encircled in the Battle of Stalingrad and destroyed . It was reformed in March 1943 and served in Normandy , Italy and then went back to the Eastern Front where it suffered heavy casualties around Kiev and the Dnepr Bend . During spring - 1944 it took part in the Battles of Târgu Frumos , part of the First Jassy - Kishinev Offensive . Near the end of the war it saw action in Poland , Hungary and Slovakia before it surrendered to the British in May 1945 . In keeping with the Division ' s mounted origins , the 24th Panzer ' s tank crewmen wore the golden - yellow " Waffenfarbe " of the cavalry rather than Panzer pink . Legacy . The insignia of the 24th Panzer division was adopted in 1956 by the PzAufklBtl . 3 of the newly created Bundeswehr .
Mount Lemmon Air Force Station Mount Lemmon Air Force Station ( ADC ID : M - 92 , NORAD ID : Z - 92 ) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station . It is located north - northeast of Tucson , Arizona . It was closed in 1969 . History . Mount Lemmon Air Force Station was established in 1954 by Air Defense Command as one of a planned deployment of forty - four mobile radar stations to support the permanent ADC Radar network in the United States sited around the perimeter of the country . This deployment was projected to be operational by mid - 1952 . Funding , constant site changes , construction , and equipment delivery delayed deployment . This site became operational on 1 April 1956 when the 684th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron was assigned by the 34th Air Division to Mount Lemmon AFS . The squadron began operations using AN / MPS - 7 , AN / MPS - 14 , and AN / TPS - 10 D radars at Mount Lemmon in August 1956 , and initially the station functioned as an aircraft control and warning station . The AN / TPS - l0D was soon retired . By 1959 an AN / FPS - 20 had replaced the AN / MPS - 7 search radar . The Ground Air Transmitting Receiving ( GATR ) Site ( R - 92 ) for communications was located at , Normally the GATR site was connected by a pair of buried telephone cables , with a backup connection of dual telephone cables overhead . The Coordinate Data Transmitting Set ( CDTS ) ( AN / FST - 2 ) at the main site converted each radar return into a digital word which was transmitted by the GATR via microwave to the Control Center . During 1961 Mount Lemmon AFS joined the Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) system , feeding data to DC - 21 at Luke AFB , Arizona . After joining , the squadron was re - designated as the 684th Radar Squadron ( SAGE ) on 15 October 1961 . The radar squadron provided information 24 / 7 the SAGE Direction Center where it was analyzed to determine range , direction altitude speed and whether or not aircraft were friendly or hostile . During the following year , an AN / FPS - 6 supplemented the AN / MPS - 14 height - finder radar , and the AN / FPS - 20 was upgraded to become an AN / FPS - 67 . On 31 July 1963 , the site was redesignated as NORAD ID Z - 92 . The AN / FPS - 6 was removed in 1968 . In addition to the main facility , Mount Lemmon operated several AN / FPS - 14 Gap Filler sites : The 684th was inactivated in December 1969 . However , the GATR facility ( R - 92 ) was later reactivated , and is still in use as site G - 29 by the 355th Communications Squadron , Davis - Monthan AFB , Arizona . After its closure , Mount Lemmon AFS was used by the University of Arizona and others as an observatory . Its tracking radar ( now removed ) was used by US Army from Fort Huachuca . External links .
USS D - 3 ( SS - 19 ) USS " D - 3 " ( SS - 19 ) was a " D " - class submarine of the United States Navy . Her keel was laid down by Fore River Shipbuilding Company in Quincy , Massachusetts , under a subcontract from Electric Boat Company of Groton , Connecticut , as " Salmon " , making her the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the salmon . " Salmon " was launched on 12 March 1910 sponsored by Miss R . Fitzgerald , and commissioned on 8 September 1910 with Lieutenant D . G . Weaver in command . She was renamed " D - 3 " on 17 November 1911 . Service history . The new submarine joined the Atlantic Torpedo Fleet at Newport , Rhode Island . The torpedo fleet was active along the East Coast and made a cruise to the Caribbean Sea from 17 October 1912 – 20 January 1913 after which " D - 3 " remained to serve with the forces operating in Mexican waters following the occupation of Veracruz . She rejoined the flotilla at Norfolk , Virginia on 16 June 1914 and with them visited Washington , DC , from 17 – 22 July , before returning to their homeport on 24 July . From 21 September 1917 , " D - 3 " served as flagship of Submarine Division 2 ( SubDiv 2 ) . She trained aspiring submariners at Newport and New London , Connecticut , until placed in commission , in reserve on 5 September 1919 . She was placed in ordinary on 15 July 1921 . Towed into Philadelphia Navy Yard on 20 March 1922 , " D - 3 " was decommissioned the same day and sold on 31 July .
USS Flint ( CL - 97 ) USS " Flint " ( CL - 97 ) was a modified " Atlanta " - class light cruiser , sometimes referred to as the " " Oakland " - class " . She was named after the city of Flint , Michigan . She was launched on 25 January 1944 by Bethlehem Steel Company of San Francisco , California , sponsored by Mrs . R . A . Pitcher . She was and commissioned on 31 August 1944 , with Captain C . R . Will in command . She was reclassified CLAA - 97 on 18 March 1949 . Service history . " Flint " reported to the 3rd Fleet for duty at Ulithi on 27 December 1944 , and six days later , sailed with Task Force 38 ( TF 38 ) for a month - long cruise in support of the invasion of Luzon . She screened aircraft carrier s as they launched strikes on Luzon , Taiwan , and the China coast , and fired protective anti - aircraft cover during a Japan ese " kamikaze " attack on 21 January 1945 . Replenishing at Ulithi from 26 January to 10 February , " Flint " then sailed with newly designated TF 38 for air strikes on Tokyo preceding the attack on Iwo Jima . Her force arrived off Iwo Jima on 21 February to fly air support for the Marines who had landed two days previously , and " Flint " returned to Ulithi 12 March for a brief 2 days of replenishment . Putting to sea with TF 58 for strikes against Kyūshū in preparation for the invasion of Okinawa , " Flint " aided in bringing down several airplanes in heavy attacks on the task force from 18 to 22 March . The task force then closed Okinawa , and " Flint " with other cruiser s bombarded beach installations in preparation for the landings on 1 April . Aside from the period of 14 – 24 May , when she was at Ulithi for upkeep , " Flint " operated off Okinawa until 13 June , when she anchored in Leyte Gulf . " Flint " sortied from Leyte on 1 July to screen the final air attacks on the Japanese home islands and to join the bombardment of the east coast of Honshū until the cessation of hostilities . On 24 August , she took station off Nii Shima to serve as rescue ship and homing station for transport planes carrying occupation troops to Japan . From 10 to 15 September , she lay in Tokyo Bay , then sailed with a carrier task force to provide air and sea surveillance of Central Honshū until 21 September . The cruiser made a voyage from Japan to Eniwetok , then loaded homeward bound servicemen at Yokosuka on 13 October , bringing them into San Francisco Bay on 28 November . After sailing to Kwajalein to bring home more servicemen eligible for discharge , " Flint " reported at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard , Bremerton , Washington on 11 January 1946 , and there was placed out of commission in reserve at Bremerton on 6 May 1947 . Her dedication plaque currently rests in the Sloan Museum , in the city she is named after . Awards . " Flint " received four battle star s for World War II service .
Hanriot HD . 14 The Hanriot HD . 14 was a military trainer aircraft produced in large numbers in France during the 1920s . It was a conventional , two - bay biplane with unstaggered wings of equal span . The pilot and instructor sat in tandem , open cockpits , and the fuselage was braced to the lower wing with short struts . The main units of the fixed tailskid undercarriage were divided , each unit carrying two wheels , and early production examples also had anti - noseover skids projecting forwards as well . In 1922 , production shifted to a much improved version , known as the HD . 14 " ter " or HD . 14 / 23 . This featured a smaller wing area , and revised tail fin , interplane and cabane struts , and fuselage cross - section . The landing gear track was narrowed in order to facilitate the aircraft ' s loading onto the standard army trailer of the day . Incredibly prolific ( the " Aéronautique Militaire " alone operated 1 , 925 examples ) , it was also licence - produced by Mitsubishi in Japan , where another 145 were built , and by the CWL and Samolot in Poland , where respectively 125 and 120 were built ( designated locally as H . 28 ) .
Soko J - 20 Kraguj The J - 20 Kraguj ( " Sparrowhawk " ) is light military , single - engine , low - wing single - seat aircraft with a metal airframe , capable of performing close air support , counter insurgency ( COIN ) , and reconnaissance missions , that was designed by VTI and manufactured by SOKO of Yugoslavia , first flown in 1962 . Design . It is of classic semi - monocoque , metal structure with a slightly tapered wing . The pilot is accommodated in an enclosed , heated and ventilated cockpit with adjustable seats . The cockpit canopy slides backwards to open . The landing gear is non - retractable with a tail wheel . Rubber dampers provide shock absorption , and hydraulic brakes are used for wheel braking . The power plant comprises one 340 hp Textron Lycoming GSO - 480 - B1J6 piston engine and Hartzell HC - B3Z20 - 1 / 10151C - 5 three - blade metal variable pitch propeller . The engine cooling airflow is intensified by means of two specially designed ejectors . 36 US Gal of fuel contained in two rubber tanks enables a flight range of 350 NM for the fully armed configuration of the aircraft . 28 V DC electric power is supplied from a 1 , 5 kW generator and a storage battery . De - fogging and de - icing of the windshield is done by blowing of hot air . Operation . The aircraft was specially designed for low - altitude missions against day and night visible ground targets in a broad area . It was readily available to be loaded with weapons and supplied through a flexible system of auxiliary airfields that required no special preparations , especially in mountainous regions . Yugoslav military planners assumed that potential aggressor will first disable airfields . Therefore , J - 20 Kraguj was designed to take - off from short unprepared runways , even ones covered in deep snow when fitted with skis . It was also called a " Partisan aircraft " . The Kraguj P - 2 was intended for close ground force support , and could be used for training of pilots in visual day / night flights , aiming , missile firing and bombing of ground targets . Armament . Permanent armament comprises two wing - mounted 7 . 7 mm Colt Browning Mk - II machine guns with 650 rounds each and a collimator sight in the cockpit . For combat missions there is a capacity for an external load of bombs and two 57 mm and two 128 mm ( HVAR - 5 ) air - to - ground rocket launchers . Adapters on the underwing pylons can be used to switch the armament configuration from free - fall bombs to multi - tube launchers with twelve 57 mm air - to - ground rockets . Cluster or cargo bombs , or 128 mm air - to - ground rockets can be fitted .
Battle of Kirina The Battle of Kirina , also known as the Battle of Krina ( c . 1235 ) , was a confrontation between the Sosso king Sumanguru Kanté and the Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita . Sundiata Keita ' s forces roundly defeated those of Sumanguru Kanté , guaranteeing the pre - eminence of Keita ' s new Mali Empire over West Africa . Prelude . By the late twelfth century , the formerly dominant Ghana Empire had collapsed , following internal strife and political intervention of the Almoravids in the eleventh century . A number of smaller neighboring states rushed to fill the power void , including the Sosso people of the Kaniaga kingdom , and the Mandinka people of the Upper Niger . Under the leadership of Soumaro Kanté , the Sosso seized Koumbi Saleh , former capital of the Ghana Empire , and expanded outward , conquering the Mandinka among others . The battle . The exiled Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita organized a coalition of smaller kingdoms to oppose the growing power of the Sosso . The opposing armies met in the Koulikoro Region of what is now Mali in about 1235 . Sundiata Keita ' s forces were victorious , and marched on to raze Sosso . The date is often cited as the beginning of the Mali Empire , which would control most of West Africa for the next two centuries . Aftermath . The story of the battle is retold in the Epic of Sundiata , widely considered Mali ' s national epic . In it , Sumanguru Kanté is an evil sorcerer - king who oppresses the Mandinka people ; however , when Sundiata discovers that his sacred animal is the rooster , he is able to wound Soumaoro Kanté with an arrow tipped by a cock ' s spur . The Sosso king then flees the field , disappearing into the Koulikoro mountains .
Battle of Santa Rosa In the 19th century , Nicaragua was beset by political problems , allowing William Walker , an American Southerner seeking to establish English - speaking slavery states in Latin America , to ascend to the Nicaraguan presidency . Walker believed in the doctrine of manifest destiny , and established himself in Nicaragua in the guise of offering help , but his real intentions were to conquer the five provinces of Central America , a manifesto he entitled , " Five or None . " In Costa Rica , Juan Rafael Mora Porras , the President , guessed the intentions of Walker and on 27 February 1856 declared war on Nicaragua and called all Costa Ricans to join forces and fight , a call that was heeded . They began the march on 4 March from San José to the northern border , led by the president , arriving in Liberia on 12 March , where they joined the battalion organized there ( Moracia Battalion ) , under the leadership of José María Cañas . When the filibusters of the Nicaraguan movement realized what was happening in Costa Rica , they sent troops , under the leadership of colonel Schlessinger , which entered Costa Rica through the road that joined Nicaragua with Liberia and which passed by the Hacienda Santa Rosa , where they arrived on 19 March . The Costa Ricans , meanwhile , began the walk to Santa Rosa and on 20 March at 4 o ' clock , armed with rifle s , sabre s , and bayonet s , began the attack , surrounded the troublemakers that had stationed themselves in the casona and in the corrals , and fourteen minutes later the Costa Ricans won the battle . The Santa Rosa ' s Casona , one of the few historical sites , was burned down in May 2001 and later re - built .
German submarine U - 408 German submarine " U - 408 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out three patrols . She sank three ships . She was a member of two wolfpack s . She was sunk by a US aircraft north of Iceland in November 1942 . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 30 September 1940 at the " Danziger Werft " at Danzig ( now Gdansk ) as ' werk ' 109 , launched on 16 July 1941 and commissioned on 19 November under the command of " KorvettenKapitän " Reinhard von Hymmen . She served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla from 19 November 1941 for training and the 9th flotilla from 1 May 1942 for operations . She was reassigned to the 11th flotilla on 1 July 1942 and served with that organization until her loss . 1st patrol . " U - 359 " s first patrol was preceded by a move from Kiel in Germany to Skjomen fjord in Norway . She left there for her first patrol on 7 June , sailing through the north Norwegian Sea into the Barents Sea . She returned to Skjomenfjord on 16 July . 2nd patrol . The boat set - out on her second foray on 10 September 1942 . She sank the " Stalingrad " on the 13th , southwest of Spitsbergen . She also sank the " Oliver Ellsworth " with the same spread of torpedo s . The master of the Soviet ship , A . Sakharov , was awarded the George Cross after acting as pilot for his convoy and spending 40 minutes in the freezing water . The next day she sank the " Atheltemplar " southwest of Bear Island . 3rd patrol and loss . The submarine ' s third and last sortie began from Narvik on 31 October 1942 . On 5 November she was sunk by a US PBY Catalina north of Iceland . Her previous track was from the east , towards the Denmark Strait , ( which separates Greenland from Iceland ) . Forty - five men died in " U - 408 " ; there were no survivors .
Asta ( air base ) Asta ( Estonian : Aste ) was a Soviet air base in Estonia located near the town of Aste , 12 km north of Kuressaare . It is on Saaremaa Island , and was listed on the 1974 Department of Defense Global Navigation Chart No . 3 as having jet facilities . It was probably a front - line interceptor or dispersal base . In the 1980s or 1990s it was plowed under . Very little of the base remains .
305mm / 45 Modèle 1906 gun The 305mm / 45 Modèle 1906 gun was a heavy naval gun of the French Navy . The type was used on the s , mounted in two twin turrets . An improved variant , the 305mm / 45 Modèle 1910 gun , was installed on the " Courbet " class .