naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of the Asio River ( 82 BC ) The Battle of the Asio River took place in March of 82 BC during the context of Sulla ' s Second Civil War . The battle pitted the Optimates under the command of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus against the Populares forces commanded by Gaius Carrinas . This battle marked the start of this phase in the civil war and resulted in an Optimate victory . The Battle . After a brutal winter , fighting commenced between the two opposing forces in the spring fighting season . The Battle for the Asio River was the first battle , taking place on the banks of the river . Fighting was bloody with the Optimate infantry advancing and successfully breaking the Populare infantry who were obliged to fall back . At that moment , the Optimate cavalry commanded by Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus attacked the retreating Populares inflicting high casualties .
Constanze Manziarly Constanze Manziarly ( 14 April 1920 – disappeared c . 2 May 1945 ) was born in Innsbruck , Austria . She served as a cook / dietitian to Adolf Hitler until his final days in Berlin in 1945 . Biography . Manziarly was born in Innsbruck , Austria , on 14 April 1920 . She began working for Hitler from his 1943 stays at the Berghof until his death in Berlin on 30 April 1945 . Hitler took up residence in the Führerbunker on 16 January 1945 . The Reich Chancellery bunker complex in Berlin was made up of two bunkers , the lower Führerbunker and the older upper bunker known as the Vorbunker . Two rooms in the Vorbunker were used for food supply . Another room therein was the kitchen which had a refrigerator and a wine store . Manziarly used the kitchen to prepare Hitler ' s meals while he stayed in the Führerbunker . Together with Gerda Christian and Traudl Junge , Manziarly was personally requested to leave the bunker complex by Hitler on 22 April . However , all three women decided to stay with Hitler until his death . Manziarly left the bunker complex on 1 May . Her group was led by SS - Brigadeführer Wilhelm Mohnke , and awkwardly made its way north to a German army hold - out at the Schultheiss - Patzenhofer brewery on the Prinzenallee . The group included Dr . Ernst - Günther Schenck and the female secretaries , Gerda Christian , Else Krüger and Traudl Junge . Despite claims that she took a cyanide capsule to kill herself on 2 May , the day after the majority of staff abandoned the stronghold to avoid impending Soviet capture , Junge recounts Manziarly leaving with her group , " " dressed too much like a soldier " " . In 1989 , Junge recalled the last time Manziarly was seen was when the group of four women who had been given the task of delivering a report to Karl Dönitz split up , and Manziarly tried to blend in with a group of local women . In her 2002 autobiography " Until the Final Hour " , Junge alluded to seeing Manziarly , " " the ideal image of Russia n femininity , well built and plump - cheeked " " , being taken into a U - Bahn subway tunnel by two Soviet soldiers , reassuring the group that " " [ T ] hey want to see my papers . " " She was never seen again . Portrayal in the media . Constanze Manziarly has been portrayed by the following actresses in film and television productions :
Duane Hudson Colonel Duane Tyrell Hudson DSO OBE ( 1910−1995 ) was a British SOE officer who fought in Yugoslavia during World War II . Hudson , a mining engineer , was a rugby player , swimmer , rider , skier , boxer , and wrestler . He attended St . Andrew ' s College in Grahamstown , South Africa . He spoke six foreign languages and had a reputation as a ladies ' man . When Winston Churchill created the Special Operations Executive ( SOE ) , Hudson was recruited to sabotage German ships in Split harbour using limpet mine s . He was commissioned on the British Army General List in 1941 . His next mission was to fight alongside the Chetniks , a royalist guerrilla force , antagonistic to both the Nazi German invaders and to the Communist partisans . He was caught twice , but escaped on both occasions . One of Hudson ' s tasks was to distribute British funds in order to pay for anti - Nazi fighters . He was given more than £80 , 000 in sovereigns and diamonds , worth over £1 . 75m in today ' s currency , which he partially buried in peasant villages . He later confessed that after the war , parts of the treasure were buried , with the aim of retrieving it on his own account when the war ended . Afterwards , while he was working for the army in Romania , documents show that Hudson recruited Stephen Zollner , a Hungarian Jew buying timber for the British government around eastern Europe , to retrieve the treasure . Zollner managed to acquire three parts of the buried treasure , and sent them to Hudson in a diplomatic bag . The Yugoslav authorities caught him , however , and Zollner confessed everything . He later moved to South Africa , where he died in 1995 . The swimming complex at St . Andrew ' s College was named in his honour when , upon his death , he left the school a considerable amount of money for new pool facilities . In popular culture . According to " The Sunday Times " , Ian Fleming used Hudson as a model for his character James Bond , although it has also been suggested that the character was modelled on his brother , Peter Fleming .
Ivan Wettengel Ivan Cyrus Wettengel ( 1876 – February 19 , 1935 ) was a United States Navy Captain who served as the 25th Naval Governor of Guam . A graduate of the United States Naval Academy , Wettengel commanded a number of ships . He received the Navy Cross for his command of the USS " Wisconsin " during World War I . He also commanded the USS " Texas " and the Naval Training Station Hampton Roads . During his tenure as governor , he overturned many of the unpopular policies of William Gilmer . He also attempted to assemble a bull - mounted Guam Cavalry , but the initiative failed . A number of locations in Guam are named in his honor . Life . Wettengel was born in Illinois in 1876 . At the time of his appointment to the Naval Academy he lived in Colorado . His wife died on December 13 , 1927 while he was stationed at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard . Naval career . Wettengel graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1896 . Ensign Wettengel served aboard the USS " Buffalo " . He commanded the USS " Mindoro " in 1900 . In 1902 , while a lieutenant , he saw duty aboard the USS " Constellation " . He served aboard the USS " Newark " in 1905 and the USS " Minnesota " in 1906 . In 1914 , he served aboard the USS " Arkansas " as a lieutenant commander . He commanded the USS " Wisconsin " during World War I , for which he received the Navy Cross . He commanded the USS " Texas " from May 22 , 1924 until September 28 , 1925 when he became commander of Naval Training Station Hampton Roads . He retired at the rank of Captain . Governorship . Wettengel served as Naval Governor of Guam from July 7 , 1920 to February 27 , 1921 . He overturned many of the policies of William Gilmer , the widely - criticized and dislike governor immediately prior to him . During his tenure , the Navy opened the first naval aviation station on the island at Orote Peninsula . He attempted a military experiment during his time in office by forming the Guam Cavalry . These units rode mounted bulls but the idea was abandoned when the bulls proved untrainable . He endorsed increasing medical aid to the island in an effort to in improving the " civilizing and Americanization " of the Chamorro people by making health care and sanitation more widespread . Legacy . A number of locations on Guam are named in Wettengel ' s honor . Wettengel Elementary School , opened in 1968 in Dededo , Guam , briefly held the Eloy Q . Benavente Elementary School in 2008 before protest led school officials to re - affirm its original name in honor of Wettengel . Wettengel Rugby Field is also named in his honor . Okkodo High School used to be known as Wettengel High School .
Biuletyn Informacyjny Biuletyn Informacyjny ( " Information Bulletin " ) was a Polish weekly published covertly in occupied Poland during World War II . It was started in November 1939 in Warsaw as the main press release of the SZP , the first underground resistance organisation in Poland . Soon it was taken over by the Armia Krajowa and the Bureau of Information and Propaganda of the Polish government . Since 1941 it had also several regional versions in all major cities of Poland , both under German and Soviet occupation . During the Warsaw Uprising it was published openly as a daily , the main press release of the Polish forces . After the capitulation of Warsaw it was published in Kraków until the dissolution of AK in January 1945 .
Choroszmanów submachine gun Choroszmanów submachine gun ( ) was a Polish gun created by Grzegorz Choroszmanów during German occupation of Poland between the years of 1943 - 1944 . Choroszmanów manufactured this weapon with his sons in the area of Podlesie . It was used by Polish partisans in the Tadeusz Kościuszko unit , which men fought in and around Podlesie . The design was based roughly on the Russian PPD - 40 . It was a simple , sturdy and capable design that was easy and inexpensive to produce . This design allowed Polish partisans to significantly increase the ferocity of raids and guerrilla strikes against the occupiers . Only 22 copies of this gun were created between 1943 - 1944 due to lack of resources and the prevalence of the Polish Błyskawica submachine gun .
Battle of Guruslău The Battle of Guruslău ( in ; Battle of Goroszló ) was fought on 3 August 1601 , between the troops of the Habsburg Empire led by Giorgio Basta , the Cossacks and Wallachia led by Michael the Brave on one side and the Transylvanian troops led by Sigismund Báthory on the other side . It was part of a series of military encounters developed between the Ottoman Empire and opposing European states during 1591 – 1606 ( see also The Long War ) . Background . Michael asked for assistance from emperor Rudolf II during a visit in Prague between 23 February and 5 March 1601 , which was granted when the emperor heard that General Giorgio Basta had lost control of Transylvania to the Transylvanian Hungarian nobility led by Sigismund Báthory , who accepted the Ottoman Empire protection . Meanwhile , forces loyal to Michael in Wallachia led by his son , Nicolae Pătraşcu , drove out Simion Movilă from Moldavia and prepared to re - enter Transylvania . Battle . The battle was carried out by two armies , those of Michael the Brave ( Wallachians and Cossacks ) together with Giorgio Basta , on one side and those of Sigismund Báthory on the other side . The battle happened between nine and seven o ' clock on 3 August 1601 . The Battle of Guruslău took place in the Guruslău River plain .
HMS Berwick ( 1902 ) HMS " Berwick " was a " Monmouth " - class armoured cruiser of the Royal Navy . She was launched on 20 September 1902 . In 1908 , she collided with the destroyer " Tiger " when the destroyer crossed " Berwick " s bows during an exercise in the English Channel , south of the Isle of Wight . " Tiger " was sliced in two and sank with the loss of 28 lives . She served in the First World War with most of her sisters , and survived to be sold for scrap on 1 July 1920 . " Berwick " was eventually towed to Hamburg on 28 August 1920 to be broken up .
2nd Maneuver Enhancement Brigade The 2nd Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( 2nd MEB ) was a planned United States Army brigade , which was planned to activate in FY10 at Fort Drum , New York . The 2nd MEB would have been one of four active duty Maneuver Enhancement Brigades . The brigade would have been tasked to improve the movement capabilities and rear area security for commanders at division level or higher . Activation was cancelled in 2010 . The 2nd MEB was to be composed of :
Zachary Taylor Wood Zachary Taylor Wood , CMG ( 1860 – 1915 ) was acting Commissioner of the North - West Mounted Police ( NWMP ) and Commissioner of the Yukon Territory of Canada . Early life . Born in Annapolis Naval Academy in 1860 , where his father John Taylor Wood was stationed . Wood ' s great - grandfather was President of the United States Zachary Taylor . Wood ' s family moved first to Halifax and later to Ontario . Taylor graduated from Royal Military College of Canada at Kingston , Ontario in 1882 . Career . Zachary Taylor Wood served with the 90th Infantry Regiment at the Battle of Batoche during the Northwest Rebellion in 1885 . He joined the North West Mounted Police in 1885 as Inspector under the command of Superintendent Sam Steele . He retired from the force due to poor health and died in Asheville , North Carolina in 1915 and buried at Cataraqui Cemetery in Kingston , Ontario . Family . His younger brother Lieutenant Charles Carroll Wood , graduated from the Royal Military College of Canada 1896 student # 352 ; served for Canada in the Boer War and died in 1899 . He is memorialized on the Royal Military College Memorial Arch . Inspector Zachary Taylor Wood married Frances Augusta Daly in 1888 at St . Mary Magdalene Church , in Napanee , Ontario . Their son Stuart Taylor Wood was born in Napanee and later served as Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police . He rose to the rank of Major in the RNWMP and served as Assistant and Acting Commissioner . Stuart Taylor Wood was born in Napanee on October 17 , 1889 , son of Z . T . and Frances Wood . S . T . Wood was the Commissioner of the RCMP for thirteen years . He was a CMG ( Companion of the Order of St . Michael and St . George ) . Honour . Mount Wood in the Yukon was named in honour of Zachary Taylor Wood in 1998 , in honour of the 125th Anniversary of the RCMP .
Stampe et Vertongen SV . 5 Tornado The Stampe et Vertongen SV . 5 Tornado was a military trainer aircraft designed and built in Belgium in the 1930s . It saw service with the Belgian Air Force and Latvian Air Force , and Latvian firm VEF purchased a production license , although it is uncertain whether they built any examples . The SV . 5 was Stampe et Vertongen ' s response to a 1933 requirement by the Belgian Air Force for two - seat training biplane with aerobatic capabilities . Jean Stampe directed designer George Ivanow to update the company ' s SV - 22 to meet the new specifications , but the resulting design was an entirely new aircraft with only a superficial resemblance to its predecessor . It was a conventional , single - bay biplane with staggered wings of unequal span . The pilot and instructor sat in open cockpits in tandem and the aircraft was powered by an Armstrong Siddeley Serval radial engine in the nose , enclosed in a Townend ring . The main units of the fixed undercarriage were divided and the tail was supported by a tailwheel . It could be equipped for bombing or gunnery training . Unlike earlier Stampe et Vertongen products , which had wooden structures , the SV . 5 airframe was riveted together from steel tube in a method inspired by Hawker in the United Kingdom . The prototype first flew in September 1933 , and on 16 October 1934 , the Belgian Air Force evaluated it against five competitors : the Avro 626 , Breda Ba . 25 , Fairey Fox III , LACAB T - 7 , and the Renard R - 34 . A sixth competitor , the Caproni Ca . 113 , suffered an accident on arrival and was disqualified . The SV . 5 outclassed all its rivals in the maintainability trials , and was less expensive than any of them . However , the Avro 626 was selected for political reasons . The SV . 5 nevertheless found a customer in the Latvian Air Force , which was seeking a similar aircraft . When a study mission to Belgium confirmed the type ' s suitability , the Latvian government negotiated the purchase of ten examples in exchange for 5 , 700 tonnes of wheat . These machines were slightly different from the prototype , with a NACA cowl in place of the Townend ring , a resdesigned horizontal stabiliser , and simplified main undercarriage . Germany would not permit the overflight of the aircraft , so in September 1936 they were shipped disassembled to Riga , where Jean Stampe oversaw their erection by VEF . In the meantime , the Belgian Air Force finally placed an order for twenty SV . 5s . Stampe et Vertongen delivered these between October 1936 and mid 1937 . Further development . Ivanow used the SV . 5 as the basis for a family of follow - on designs with only minor variations : Of these , only a single SV . 9 was built . This aircraft was exported to Latvia , together with a license for production by VEF . Although rumours exist that VEF built examples of the type , this cannot be confirmed .
HMS E16 HMS " E16 " was an E - class submarine built by Vickers , Barrow - in - Furness for the Royal Navy . She was laid down on 15 May 1913 and was commissioned on 27 February 1915 . Her hull cost £105 , 700 . Service history . " E16 " was the first E - class to sink a U - boat — — sunk south - west of Karmøy island off Stavanger , Norway on 15 September 1915 . " E16 " was sunk by a mine in Heligoland Bight on 22 August 1916 . There were no survivors . Casualty list : http : / / www . naval - history . net / xDKCas1916 - 08Aug . htm
Wolf - Dietrich Huy Wolf - Dietrich Huy ( 2 August 1917 – 13 July 2003 ) was a German former Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves during World War II . A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Career . Born on 2 August 1717 in Freiburg . " Oberleutnant " Huy joined Jagdgeschwader 77 ( JG 77 ) in September 1939 . His first combat claim was a Spitfire on 31 May 1940 . On 13 August 1940 Huy was posted into Stab , III . / JG 77 . By early 1941 Huy ' s staffel served mainly as a " Jaboflieger " , flying ground support missions . During operations against Greece and Crete Huy carried out several successful attacks on shipping in an Bf 109F - 4 coded ' White 1 ' , ( " Werknummer " 8334 — factory number ) . III . / JG 77 claimed some 34 , 000 tonnes of shipping sunk , including the 22 , 000 ton freighter ' Hellas ' as well as damaging the Royal Navy cruiser HMS " Fiji " and a destroyer . On 22 May 1941 7 . / JG 77 attacked the British battleship HMS " Warspite " between 12 : 13 pm and 12 : 48 pm during the Battle of Crete . " Oberleutnant " Huth , " Feldwebel " Furth and " Unteroffizier " Pichler each had hit the " Warspite " and damaged her . Following the operations in Crete , JG 77 was withdrawn to prepare for Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union , which started on 22 June 1941 , III . Gruppe supported the advance East as part of Army Group South , and scored heavily . Huy was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes " ) on 5 July 1941 , awarded principally for his " Jabo " exploits in May 1941 , but also for attaining 22 air victories , 21 since 22 June . III . / JG 77 served in the Crimea through to early 1942 . On 23 January 1942 he was shot down by an ace of the Soviet " 32 IAP " , " Starshiy Leytenant " Mikhail Avdeyev . A Soviet offensive aimed at relieving Sevastopol ensued and " Oberleutnant " Huy claimed the Gruppe ' s 600th victory on 11 March , and his thirty - eight victory , but was then mistakenly shot down and wounded by German anti - aircraft fire . In August 1942 he returned to JG 77 on recovery from his wounds and shortly afterward his unit was transferred to North Africa . On 28 October 1942 he claimed a Spitfire over Egypt . Huy was shot down by a Supermarine Spitfire Vc of No . 601 Squadron , flown by P / O JH Nicholls ( an eventual 6 - kill ace ) on 29 October 1942 over the El Alamein area . He survived the crash and spent the rest of World War II as a prisoner of war . Huy was credited with 40 air victories ( 38 on the Eastern Front ) in over 500 operational missions . Huy died on 13 July 2003 in Gernsbach .
Sovereign ' s Bodyguard Sovereign ' s Bodyguard is the name given to three ceremonial units in the United Kingdom who are tasked with guarding the Sovereign . These units are : Although the Yeomen of the Guard is older , the Gentlemen at Arms are more senior , due to their being classed as ' gentlemen ' rather than ' yeomen ' , and because they are classed as the ' nearest guard ' , i . e . the personal guard to the Sovereign . The Royal Company of Archers performs this role when the Sovereign is in Scotland .
Operation Keyhole Operation Keyhole was a British special operation on Thule Island in the South Sandwich Islands during Operation Corporate in the 1982 Falklands War . The operation took place from 19 – 20 June 1982 . Ten prisoners ( one civilian and nine military personal ) were evacuated to the tanker RFA " Olmeda " , accompanied by . They departed for South Georgia . The Argentine Base Uruguay was closed and the buildings sealed to make them weatherproof . The other ships of Operation Keyhole ( and the MS " Salvageman " ) followed and were back at Cumberland East Bay / South Georgia by 24 June 1982 . No deaths or injuries were sustained on either side . A Royal Marines team were landed on Thule Island covertly to observe Argentine activities . The harsh conditions on the island with an air temperature of minus 20 degrees Celsius and a gale gusting to 60 miles per hour , the chill factor caused an effective drop to −52 degrees . Under the threat of the Royal Marines party on the island and the ships cruising in front of the Argentine Base and several helicopters flying to the Argentine base a white flag was raised . The " Endurance " people who were forced to lower the Union Flag on South Georgia on 3 April hoisted now the Union Flag on Thule Island .
Mario Tonelli Mario Tonelli ( March 27 , 1916 – January 7 , 2003 ) was a professional American football player who played running back for one season for the Chicago Cardinals A sergeant in the US Army 200th Coast Artillery who survived the Bataan Death March . During the Death March his Notre Dame class ring was stolen by a Japanese guard . Miraculously it was returned by an English speaking Japanese Officer who had been educated at the University of Southern California and had seen Tonelli score the winning touchdown in the 1937 game between the two schools . He later buried the ring in a metal soap dish beneath his barracks to confound would be thieves . Later he was transferred to Davo Penal Colony " Dapecol . " Of the 2 , 009 estimated total number of POWs that were in Dapecol during its existence from October 1942 - June 1944 only 805 would survive the war . He had the nickname " Motts " while in the Army and as a Prisoner of war .