naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Gotha WD . 7 The Gotha WD . 7 ( for " Wasser Doppeldecker " - " Water Biplane " ) was a reconnaissance seaplane developed in Germany during World War I . After the pusher - configured WD . 3 was not accepted by the Imperial German Navy , Gotha turned to a new layout that would keep the aircraft ' s nose free for forward - firing weapons . The WD . 7 therefore , was a conventional biplane with twin engines mounted tractor - fashion on the leading edge of the lower wing . Eight examples were built for the German Navy for use as trainers for torpedo bombing . During 1917 , two of these aircraft were used for testing a 37 mm ( 1 . 46 in ) autocannon built by DWM . The same airframe was used to create the WD . 8 as an unarmed reconnaissance aircraft , substituting the twin wing - mounted engines for a single Maybach Mb . IVa in the nose .
Herbert Westmacott Captain Herbert Richard Westmacott , MC ( 11 January 19522 May 1980 ) was a British Army officer who became the first person to be awarded a posthumous Military Cross . As an officer of the Grenadier Guards ( 2nd Battalion ) on Extra Regimental Employment to the Special Air Service ( SAS ) , he died in an encounter with the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) . He was the highest - ranking officer of the SAS to be killed in Northern Ireland during Operation Banner . He was in command of an eight man plain clothes SAS patrol that had been alerted by the Royal Ulster Constabulary that an IRA gun team had taken over a house on Antrim Road , Belfast . A car carrying three SAS men went to the rear of the house , and another car carrying five SAS men went to the front of the house . As the SAS arrived at the front of the house the IRA unit , nicknamed the " M60 gang " , opened fire from a window with an M60 machine gun , hitting Captain Westmacott in the head and shoulder killing him instantly . The remaining SAS men at the front , returned fire but were forced to withdraw . One member of the IRA team was apprehended by the SAS at the rear of the house , preparing the unit ' s escape in a transit van , while the other three IRA members remained inside the house . More members of the security forces were deployed to the scene , and after a brief siege the remaining members of the IRA unit surrendered . His death left him as the highest ranking SAS officer to be killed in Northern Ireland . After his death Westmacott was posthumously awarded the Military Cross for gallantry in Northern Ireland during the period 1 February 1980 to 30 April 1980 . Captain Westmacott ' s cousin is Sir Peter Westmacott , a British ambassador who facilitated the first meeting between Gerry Adams and Sir Patrick Mayhew . Several men including Angelo Fusco , Paul Magee and Joe Doherty were later convicted of murder by the Northern Ireland authorities .
Fort Presque Isle Fort Presque Isle ( also Fort de la Presqu ' île ) was a fort built by French soldiers in summer 1753 along Presque Isle Bay at present - day Erie , Pennsylvania to protect the northern terminus of the Venango Path . It was the first of the French posts built in the Ohio Country , and was part of a line that included Fort Le Boeuf , Fort Machault , and Fort Duquesne . The fort was built as part of the French military occupation of the Ohio Country ; rival claims to the area by the British led to the French and Indian War . After the 1759 British victory at the Battle of Fort Niagara , the French burned the fort and retreated from the area . The British built a new Fort Presque Isle , which was captured by American Indians during Pontiac ' s Rebellion . On June 19 , 1763 , the fort was surrounded by about 250 Ottawas , Ojibwa s , Wyandots , and Senecas . After holding out for two days , the garrison of approximately sixty men surrendered on the condition that they could return to Fort Pitt . Most were instead killed after emerging from the fort . General Anthony Wayne first arrived in the area of Presque Isle in 1786 . In 1795 , 200 Federal troops from Wayne ' s army , under the direction of Captain John Grubb , built a blockhouse on Garrison Hill , in present - day Erie , Pennsylvania . Also named Fort Presque Isle , the blockhouse was used as part of a defense against Native American uprisings . It was also used during the War of 1812 . General Wayne was stricken ill at Fort Presque Isle and died there in 1796 . At his request , his body was buried under the flagpole of the northwest blockhouse of the fort . This blockhouse burned in 1852 . In 1880 , the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania reconstructed the blockhouse at Second and Ash Streets , Erie , as a memorial to General Wayne . The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission has recognized the reconstructed blockhouse as eligible for placement on the National Register of Historic Places .
Mategriffon Mategriffon or Mategrifon or Mathegriffon was a medieval castle near Messina , Sicily , initially built as a wooden castle by Richard Ist , king of England and demolished before his departure in 1191 from Messina for the conquest of Cyprus . Another reference to the castle is also made during the Sicilian Vespers , as the place where Charles I of Naples ' s Vicar Herbert and his family safely stayed during the uprising until their safe departure was negotiated . Mattegriffon was also an alternative name to the castle of Akova in the Peloponnese , which formed the seat of the Barony of Akova within the Principality of Achaea in the 13th and the 14th centuries .
M21 mine The M21 is a circular U . S . anti - tank landmine that uses a Misznay Schardin effect warhead . The mine uses an M607 pressure fuse , which can be adapted as a tilt rod fuse . The mine is triggered either by pressure , or by the tilt rod being forced beyond 20 degrees from the vertical by a force of more than 1 . 7 kg , either of these actions results in pressure being transferred via a bearing cap to a Belleville spring , which inverts , driving the firing pin into the M46 detonator . The M46 charge first ignites a black powder charge , which blows off the mines cover , and clears any earth or debries that may have been on top of the mine . A fraction of a second later the main warhead is triggered , driving and compressing a steel plate upwards , with enough force to penetrate 76 mm of armour at a distance of 530 mm . Approximately 200 , 000 were produced in the U . S . and a licensed copies , the K441 and K442 , were produced in South Korea .
Dinaburga Castle Dinaburga Castle ( German : Dünaburg ) , also known as " Vecdaugavpils " or " Vecpils " , is a castle located in Naujene parish east of Daugavpils , in the historical region of Latgalia , in eastern Latvia . It is strategically situated on a high bank of the Daugava River . It was built between 1273 and 1277 by the Livonian Order , and destroyed by Russian troops before 1577 . Nowadays , fragments of the foundation are exposed .
Battle of Daugavgriva ( 1609 ) The Battle of Daugavgriva took place October 6 , 1609 during the Polish - Swedish War ( 1600 - 1611 ) . When Jan Karol Chodkiewicz ( 2500 soldiers ) moved in September from Pärnu to Daugavgrīva , went too him the Swedish army ( 5000 soldiers ) under the command Joachim Frederick von Mansfeld . Lithuanian troops stopped the march on September 29 to establish a confederation in connection with overdue wages . The arrival of October 2 Mansfeld resulted that the Lithuanian army subordinate to Chodkiewicz . Chodkiewicz , in order to unhindered besiege Daugavgriva , decided to destroy the army of Mansfeld . He , however , for four days managed to avoid battle . On the other hand the Swedes did not manage to break through and help the starving crew Daugavgriva , which Lithuanians blockaded for months . Unable to force Mansfeld to the battle . Chodkiewicz prepared ambush by the river Gauja . For this purpose , he abandoned camp , leaving a small force there . Himself with the rest of the forces hid in the nearby woods . Swedes not resist the temptation and 6 October attacked the weakly defended Lithuanian camp . Then Chodkiewicz , ordered to attack the regiment under the leadership of Tomasz Dąbrowa . The surprising impact of the Lithuanian cavalry led to the breakdown of Mansfeld ' s army . The Swedes have suffered heavy losses . The victory at Daugavgriva , prejudged the Lithuanians regained Daugavgriva .
Walter von Wietersheim Walter von Wietersheim , ( 29 November 1917 - 19 January 2002 ) , was an officer of the German Army during World War II . He served as commander of the II . Company / Panzer Regiment Grossdeutschland with the rank of Hauptmann in May 1944 , when " Grossdeutschland " was heavily involved in defensive actions on the Eastern Front . Still a very powerful formation despite gruelling years of war and heavy losses , the Division was being used in rearguard actions to cover the withdrawal of retreating units . The Division carried out its tasks so successfully that it was even able to counter - attack Soviet forces in some areas . As the Soviets closed in on the Romania n town of Iaşi , " Grossdeutschland " found itself in a perfect position for a flank attack on the enemy . This was a great success and the Soviets were forced back through the town of Targul Frumos and beyond . This was only be a temporary respite though and strong Soviet forces were eventually able to push back the " Grossdeutschland " regiment and gathered for a massed offensive . Aware of this , " Grossdeutschland ' s " tanks pre - empted the Soviet attack with a surprise attack which resulted in the destruction of much Soviet equipment . A further Soviet attack was launched in late April , but after a few days of fighting , it was halted with the Soviets being destroyed by the Grossdeutschland ' s Panther and Tiger tanks . On 2 May , a further Soviet attack was launched . Again the German forces were waiting . As the Soviets attacked , their infantry were defeated by the waiting German grenadiers . This left the Soviet Armour with no infantry support and it fell prey to " Grossdeutschland ' s " hidden 88 mm guns , Tigers and Sturmgeschütz guns . Walter Von Wietersheim was personally responsible for the destruction of 14 enemy tanks , 6 anti - tank guns and 2 artillery pieces . For this achievement he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross on 15 May 1944 . He died on 19 January 2002 , at the age of 84 .
Battle of Uji ( 1184 ) Minamoto no Yoshinaka tried to wrest power from his cousins Yoritomo and Yoshitsune , seeking to take command of the Clan . To that end , he sacked Kyoto , burned the Hōjūji Palace , kidnapped Emperor Go - Shirakawa and had himself named shogun . However , his cousins caught up with him soon afterwards , following him across the Bridge over the Uji , New Year ' s Day , 1184 , which Yoshinaka had torn up to impair their crossing , in an ironic reversal of the first Battle of the Uji , only four years earlier . Much as the Taira did in that first battle , Minamoto no Yoshitsune led his horsemen across the river , and defeated Yoshinaka , and pursued him away from the capital .
Airman Battle System - Ground The Airman Battle System Ground uniform ( ABSGU ) , is a utility uniform for the United States Air Force . It was made to be issued to combat airmen instead of the Airman Battle Uniform because the ABU lacks flame resistance . As of now , the Air Force currently issues MultiCam pattern uniforms to combat airmen being deployed to the Middle East .
USS George Washington ( 1798 ) The first USS " George Washington " was a sloop in the United States Navy . She was named after President George Washington . " George Washington " was built as a merchant vessel at Providence , R . I . , in 1793 ; purchased by the Congress at Providence 12 October 1798 from John Brown and John Francis for use in the developing undeclared naval war ( the so - called Quasi - War ) with France , and converted to a warship under the supervision of Captain Silas Talbot with Captain Patrick Fletcher in command . Service . " George Washington " proceeded in early December to Dominica , in the West Indies , to join Commodore John Barry ' s squadron for the protection of American commercial against the many French privateer ' s preying on US shipping and commerce . She rendezvoused with Barry in the and the USS " Constitution " at sea 29 December and arrived Dominica next day . For the next few months , she convoyed American ships in the West Indies , sailing from St . Christopher ' s Island to Tobago . During this time , with revenue cutter " Pickering " , she recaptured two American ships from the French : the brig " Fair American " 29 April 1799 , and the schooner " Francis " on 1 May 1799 . She departed the Caribbean in mid - 1799 , arriving Newport , Rhode Island , 12 June 1799 , and after a short stay sailed again 2 July . On this cruise , she searched the coast for French privateer s as far south as Charleston , S . C . , and then took station off Santo Domingo protecting American commerce . The " George Washington " returned to the United States , in October 1799 , for extensive repairs . She was taken to Philadelphia in April 1800 and there was outfitted and prepared for sea . in May 1800 Captain William Bainbridge was given command of the " George Washington " . Lacking a strong navy , the United States accepted the questionable alternative of trying to protect its commerce from the Barbary pirates by paying an annual tribute ( extortion ) . Bainbridge sailed with a load of stores and timber for the Dey of Algiers on 8 August . The " George Washington " arrived safely in September , the first American warship to enter the Mediterranean . Unhappily , Bainbridge had to accede to threats and carry the Dey ’ s presents to the Sultan at Constantinople . He protested vigorously but , in the face of concentrated guns ashore and credible threats of retaliation against American shipping , he departed 19 October . The " George Washington " returned to Algiers on 21 January 1801 , and after a visit to Alicant arrived back in the United States on 19 April 1801 . The ship underwent repairs and was again fitted to carry stores and timber to Algiers . Manned with only a partial crew , she sailed 20 July 1801 and arrived in Algiers via Málaga , Spain , on 5 October 1801 . After calling at Italian and French ports , she returned to Philadelphia about 15 April 1802 . " George Washington " was sold in May 1802 by the Navy agent in Philadelphia , George Harrison .
PNS Munsif ( M166 ) PNS " Munsif " ( M166 ) is the lead ship of the of minehunter s for the Pakistan Navy . The vessel was formerly " Sagittaire " ( M650 ) , an of the French Navy . " Éridan " and " Munsif " are , respectively , the French and Pakistan Navies ' names of the of minehunters , developed jointly by France , Belgium , and the Netherlands . " Sagittaire " was constructed at the Lorient Arsenal , in Lorient , France , and launched on 9 November 1988 , and commissioned into the French Navy on 27 July 1989 . She saw active service during the Gulf War before being sold to Pakistan on 24 September 1992 . Renamed " Munsif " soon after , she was formally commissioned into the Pakistan Navy in 1995 . , " Munsif " and two sister ships , commissioned in 1996 and 1997 , remained in active service for the Pakistan Navy .
41st ( Oldham ) Royal Tank Regiment The 41st ( Oldham ) Royal Tank Regiment ( 41 RTR ) was an armoured regiment of the British Army from 1938 until 1956 . It was part of the Royal Tank Regiment , itself part of the Royal Armoured Corps . It was originally formed by converting the 10th battalion of The Manchester Regiment , a Territorial Army infantry battalion , to a tank unit . As part of 24th Armoured Brigade it took part in the Second Battle of El Alamein but then shared the fate of the rest of its brigade , being dispersed to provide reinforcements for other units . In 1947 the Regiment was re - formed and in 1956 , it amalgamated with the 40th ( The King ' s ) Royal Tank Regiment to form the 40th / 41st Royal Tank Regiment .
Bahoz Erdal Bahoz Erdal , born Fahman Husain ( , also spelled Fehman Hüseyin ) is a Kurdish member and commander of the Kurdistan Workers ' Party ( PKK ) . He is from Syria and of Kurdish origin . He served as the head of the Hezen Parastina Gel ( HPG ) , the PKK ' s armed wing from June 2004 until July 2009 , when he was replaced by Sofi Nurettin . Since 2004 he is part of the 3 - man PKK Executive Committee which includes himself , acting PKK leader Murat Karayılan and PKK co - founder Cemil Bayik , who preceded Bahoz Erdal as the PKK ' s military commander . Some Turkish security analysts have alleged that Erdal may be the leader of the Kurdistan Freedom Falcons ( TAK )
Mixed Service Organisation The Mixed Service Organisation ( MSO ) was a civilian arm of the British Army of the Rhine ( BAOR ) which employed displaced persons as drivers , clerks , mechanics and guards . Originally formed as Watchman and labour units in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War the MSO employed citizens of Eastern European nations occupied by the Soviets . These former prisoners of war , concentration camp inmates and forced labourers were left in western sectors of occupied Germany at the end of the war and chose not to return to their countries of origin . Whilst some displaced persons only worked with the organisation for a short time others stayed until retirement age . The MSO was organised in a structure similar to British Colonial Units , with a British Commanding Officer and senior Non - commissioned officers operating over a ' native ' officer and NCO structure . Whilst the Transport Service was disbanded in the late 1980s the MSO Guard and Labour Services continued into the 1990s using guest labour from Turkey , Pakistan and other Non - EU Countries . Members of the MSO were known affectionately as " Mojos " by British servicemen . Composition . The MSO was divided into several specialist services : MSO Armed Guard Service , guarding army installations ( wore navy blue Battle Dress uniforms and armed with obsolete . 303 calibre Lee Enfield rifles ) MSO Dog Handlers , guarding army installations . MSO Labour Service , providing manual labour , controlled by the Royal Pioneer Corps . MSO Transport Service , driving 4 and 10 ton lorries , coaches and tank transporters , controlled by the Royal Army Service Corps then the Royal Corps of Transport .
Fort Dimanche Fort Dimanche is a former prison in Haiti located near La Saline in Port - au - Prince that was notorious for torture and murder during the reign of François Duvalier . It was declared a monument in 1987 The original Fort Dimanche was built by the French when Haiti was a colony prior to 1804 and fell into disrepair . It became a military facility built by the US Marines in the 1920s during the American occupation of Haiti . Already prior to Duvalier it may have been used for the handling of political prisoners . During the reign of Duvalier he and his Tonton Macoutes used the facility as an interrogation center and prison to incarcerate , torture , and murder political opponents . Also people who tried to escape from the island and were caught were brought to Fort Dimanche . His son , Jean - Claude Duvalier , continued to use it as an instrument of terror . Crammed into tiny cells , three by three by four feet , inmates slept in shifts in their own filth . Gruel as food was placed on the floor , water was given out infrequently , in addition , inmates drank some of the water when they were hosed down once a week . Dead bodies were often not removed for days and then dumped into mass graves outside the prison . Prisoners died from torture , dehydration , malnutrition , and infections . Most did not survive . It has been estimated that about 3 , 000 inmates died . When Lieut . Gen . Raoul Cedras led a military coup against coup Jean - Bertrand Aristide in September 1991 , Fort Dimanche was turned temporarily into an armory .
Elias EM The Elias EM was a 1920s American general - purpose and marine expeditionary biplane built by Elias . Development . The company designed the Elias EM - 1 to meet a United States Marine Corps requirement for a multi - role marine expeditionary aircraft . It was required to operate on either floats or wheels . The EM - 1 was a tandem two - seat unequal - span biplane powered by a 300 hp ( 224 kW ) Wright - Hispano H engine . The prototype was modified with equal - span wings and delivered to the Marine Corps in 1922 . Six production aircraft were built ( designated EM - 2 ) all had the equal - span wings and were powered by a 400 hp ( 298 kW ) Liberty 12 inline engine . One production aircraft was delivered to the United States Marine Corps and five to the United States Navy . One of the Navy aircraft was modified as an observation aircraft and re - designated EO - 1 .
Fort Baldwin Fort Baldwin is a coastal defense land battery near the mouth of the Kennebec River in Phippsburg , Maine , United States . It was named after Jeduthan Baldwin , an engineer for the Colonial army during the American Revolution . The fort was constructed between 1905 and 1912 and originally consisted of three batteries . During World War I , Fort Baldwin and Fort Popham held a garrison of 200 soldiers including the 13th and 29th Coast Artillery . During World War II , between 1941 and 1943 , D Battery , 8th Coast Artillery protected Fort Baldwin and its Fire Control Tower that could radio the precise position of enemy vessels to batteries in Casco Bay .
Battle of Aranzueque The Battle of Aranzueque was a September 1837 confrontation at the village of Aranzueque , Spain during the First Carlist War . The battle pitted the troops of the pretender to the Spanish crown , Carlos V , against the troops of the Queen Regent Maria Christina , led by the general Baldomero Espartero . The loyalist troops had attacked the Carlists at Alcalá de Henares and pushed them through Alcarria towards Aranzueque . On September 19 , the loyalists pressed a final attack upon the tired and depleted Carlists at Aranzueque . Espartero succeeded in taking the village , with the artillery bombardment causing the full rout of the Carlists . This victory for the loyalists definitively ended the Carlist campaign known as the " Expedición Real " .
Norske Løve ( 1704 ) Norske Løve was a ship with 36 cannons owned and operated by the Danish East India Company . History . The ship ' s bell is dated to 1704 , although a " Norske Løve " was recorded as running a cargo of slaves for the Danish East India Company in the Indian Ocean in 1682 . Similarly , a " Norske Løve " is recorded calling at the Danish colony of Tranquebar in 1690 and 1706 , although this may have been one of the numerous Dano - Norwegian navy vessels of that name . Dahl tells that the ship left Copenhagen December 4 , 1707 . She was hit by lightning on December 18 . On the 19th , her master Roluf Meincke decided to cut the main mast , which brought the mizzen mast down with it . By noon the same day , she was hit by a breaker , killing 14 men and damaging the ship further . On December 31 , 1707 , the ship sank in Lambavík in the Faroe Islands . Around 100 men survived . Salvage of the ship began immediately , but a landslide during the night buried it , whence it has not been recovered . The ship ' s bell was removed , however , and subsequently used for Tórshavn Cathedral , where it still resides . A model of the ship was also constructed and hung as one of three votive ships within the church . ( On the model , the name is spelled " Nordishe Løwe " . ) A model ship in the church of Eiði is supposed to be a copy of the model in Tórshavn .