naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
2004 Iraq KBR convoy ambush The 2004 Iraq KBR convoy ambush was an attack by Iraqi insurgents on April 9 , 2004 during the Iraq War on a convoy of American ( supply trucks near the Baghdad International Airport . It happened in the midst of the Iraq spring fighting of 2004 , which saw intensified clashes throughout the country . Overview . A convoy of 26 supply trucks operated by U . S . defense contractor KBR escorted by the 13th Corps Support Command ( COSCOM ) , United States Army . The troops were ferrying emergency jet fuel to Baghdad Airport from Camp Anaconda , 60 miles away . En route , it was attacked by insurgents , believed to be from either Al - Qaeda in Iraq , the Badr Organization , and / or the Mahdi Army . The attack damaged or destroyed numerous convoy vehicles and killed five civilian contractors and one U . S . Army soldier . One civilian contractor , Thomas Hamill , and a U . S . Army soldier Keith Matthew Maupin , were captured . Hamill later escaped from his captors and was recovered by U . S . forces . Maupin was held captive for an undetermined time before being executed . Aftermath . The body of one contractor , William Bradley , was not found until 2005 . Another civilian contractor , Timothy Bell , remains missing and is presumed dead . Fourteen other civilians or soldiers were wounded . Family members of two of the wounded and one of the killed civilians later sued KBR , charging that the company had knowingly placed its employees in a battle zone in spite of promises not to do so . Six other families of KBR drivers killed in Iraq later joined the suit . In April 2009 , U . S . District Judge Gray Miller ruled that the plaintiffs could continue their suit against KBR and allowed KBR to include Iraqi insurgent forces in the case . The court ruled that the U . S . Army was not liable . KBR appealed the ruling . KBR has asked retired US Army Lieutenant General Ricardo Sanchez to testify on the company ' s behalf . In early 2010 , KBR notified the U . S . Army that it would bill the U . S . government for any damages awards or legal expenses it incurred in relation to contract work it did in Iraq . In December 2011 , KBR settled out - of - court with one of the injured drivers , Reginald Cecil Lane , for an undisclosed amount . One of the contractors , Steven Fisher , a native of Brooklyn , New York , who lived in Virginia Beach , Virginia , was killed during the attack . He was carried by other contractors he worked with and bled to death in the entrance of the Baghdad International Airport from three gunshot wounds . He was 43 years old and a father of three . After Maupin was confirmed dead , Interstate 275 in Clermont County , Ohio , was officially renamed Staff Sgt . Matt Maupin Memorial Freeway in his honor .
Fokker C . I The Fokker C . I was a German reconnaissance biplane under development at the end of World War I . The design was essentially an enlarged Fokker D . VII fighter with two seats and a 138 kW ( 185 hp ) BMW III a engine . The C . I was originally developed to sell to the German Army . It never saw service in World War I , but Anthony Fokker managed to smuggle parts out of Germany at the time of the Armistice . Development . The prototype , V . 38 , was tested at Schwerin , and put into immediate production . After the armistice , production continued in the Netherlands . Operators . The C . I went into Dutch service after 16 were ordered in February 1919 . The USSR bought 42 C . Is . The C . Is served in the reconnaissance and trainer roles . The last C . I left service in 1936 .
610th Security Forces Squadron The 610th Security Forces Squadron ( 610 SFS ) is a United States Air Force Reserve unit located at the Naval Air Station JRB Fort Worth . The unit is unique as it does not serve a law enforcement purpose on the base , but instead focuses on combat readiness . The unit was originally designated AFRES Ground Combat Readiness Center and was re - designated 610 SFS in November 1995 . Mission . To organize , train , and equip to meet worldwide contingency and Air Expeditionary Force requirements . And , to develop , manage , and execute ground combat skills and other readiness related training activities directed by HQ Air Force Reserve Command . Training Courses . There are nine training courses operated by the 610 SFS , including the Patriot Defender course located at Fort Wolters , Mineral Wells , Texas . Deployment History . The 610 SFS has deployed five times to Afghanistan , three times to Iraq , twice to Kuwait , Saudi Arabia , and Puerto Rico , as well as once to eleven other sites .
SS Lanthorn SS " Lanthorn was a 2 , 299 GRT cargo ship built in 1889 as SS " Magnus Mail , renamed in 1916 and sunk by enemy action in 1917 . She was a combined steamship and two - masted sailing ship . With Westoll Line 1889 – 1916 . Short Brothers of Sunderland built her in 1889 for the Westoll Line , also of Sunderland . Her triple expansion steam engine and two boilers were built by Thomas Richardson and Son of Hartlepool . She was named after Captain Magnus Mail ( 1858 – 1916 ) , a friend of James Westoll . " Magnus Mail " was one of the last tramp steamers to be built with a clipper stem . A painting of her from 1895 by the Italian artist Antonio Luzzo ( 1855 – 1907 ) shows her under sail with her two masts under schooner rig . Westoll Line ships exported coal and patent fuel to Italy and Egypt and imported grain from Black Sea ports to the United Kingdom . In February 1908 " Magnus Mail " ran aground outside Garston Docks in Liverpool . With the Gas Light and Coke Company 1916 – 17 . The Gas Light and Coke Company of Westminster bought " Magnus Mail " in 1916 to carry coal from North East England to Beckton Gas Works . The GLCC renamed her SS " Lanthorn " and placed her under the management of Stephenson Clarke and Associated Companies . On 21 May 1917 the German U - boat shelled her from astern in the North Sea off Whitby . " Lanthorn " was hit in her saloon amidships , twice in her port quarter and then in her stokehold and engine room , bursting her main steam pipe . All her crew survived the attack , abandoned ship , and rowed away . From their lifeboat they saw the U - boat come alongside her and assumed a German boarding party went aboard " Lanthorn " . The U - boat then left the area and half an hour later " Lanthorn " suffered an explosion amidships , which her crew assumed was caused by charges planted by the Germans to scuttle her . Vessels from Whitby rescued the crew , found " Lanthorn " still afloat and took her in tow . However , before she could reach safety she sank about half a mile south of the Whitby Rock buoy .
USS Bourbon USS " Bourbon " was a frigate in the Continental Navy , named for the House of Bourbon . During the American Revolutionary War , " Bourbon " was authorized as a 36 - gun frigate by the Continental Congress 23 January 1777 . Very little else is known about it , but it may have been built at Chatham , Connecticut . Due to the Congress ' s financial difficulties , it was not launched until 31 July 1783 . In September 1783 , still uncompleted , it was offered for sale and presumably sold .
Harold Farncomb Rear Admiral Harold Bruce Farncomb , CB , DSO , MVO ( 28 February 1899 - 12 February 1971 ) was a lawyer and Australian Rear Admiral who served in both World War I and World War II . He was the first Australian - born RAN officer to reach a flag rank in the RAN . " Collins " class submarine is named in his honour . Early life . Harold Farncomb was born in North Sydney , New South Wales on 28 February 1899 , the second child of Frank Farncomb and Helen Louisa Farncomb , née Sampson . The family lived in Gordon on the north shore of Sydney . He attended Gordon Public School and Sydney Boys ' High School before entering the Royal Australian Naval College ( RANC ) at age 13 in the RANC ' s first intake . Farncomb excelled academically at the RANC , graduating with very impressive scores and topped his final year ( 1916 ) . On completing his studies at the RANC he was promoted to midshipman on 1 January 1917 and left immediately on the steamer " Naldera " for training with the Royal Navy . Farncomb was stationed on board the battleship in April 1917 . Naval career . Farncomb served on " Royal Sovereign " until shortly after the end of World War I . On leaving " Royal Sovereign " Farncomb was promoted to sub - lieutenant and sent to on Whale Island for course training . After completing training at Whale Island Farncomb was transferred to " Woolsher " , a small craft attached to the destroyer force at the Firth of Forth . He then received his first posting in Australia ; stationed on board for a year as a gunnery officer , this posting was followed by a year on the staff of Commodore Percy Addison , Commodore Commanding the Australia Squadron ( CCAS ) . In May 1925 , after a 10 month war staff course in the United Kingdom , he took a posting as a staff officer ( operations ) with the CCAS . Post - military life . Farncomb left the service in 1951 and learned Latin to enable him to study for the Barristers ' Admission Board examinations . Admitted to the Bar on 6 June 1958 , he developed a reasonably busy practice in Sydney and subsequently joined the solicitors , Alfred Rofe & Sons . Heart disease eventually led to his retirement . Personal life . On 31 March 1927 at Trinity Congregational Church , Strathfield , Sydney , he married Jean Ross Nott ; they were to remain childless . " Jean provided staunch support throughout the vicissitudes of her husband ' s career " . Retirement and death . Survived by his wife , Farncomb died of heart failure on 12 February 1971 in St Vincent ' s Hospital , Darlinghurst , and was cremated with Anglican rites . His ashes were scattered at sea on 2 March from the flight deck of his last flagship , , off the coast of Western Australia .
LOGNet U . S . Army Logistics Network ( LOGNet ) a Community of Practice ( CoP ) for logisticians maintained by the Combined Arms Support Command , Fort Lee , Virginia . LOGNet is a U . S . Army - wide Logistics Network and enterprise level knowledge system that supports knowledge flow throughout the logistics community . LOGNet is part of the Battle Command Knowledge System ( BCKS ) program . The LOGNet Community of Practice promotes and enhances collaboration , communication and knowledge sharing among logisticians and combat troops . LOGNet is a networked system of Structured Professional Forums , knowledge centers and supporting toolkits that combine to provide an enterprise system for generation , management and application of knowledge products . LOGNet ' s ultimate goal is to transform the Army Logistics Community into a learning and teaching organization more highly skilled in the practice of providing superior Combat Service Support to the Army .
Arn ( Bishop of Würzburg ) Saint Arn or Arno von Endsee ( died 13 July 892 ) was the Bishop of Würzburg from 855 until his death . He was a pupil of Bishop Gozbald , who died on 20 September 855 ; Arn was elected bishop in his place . Arn was a warrior - prelate , recorded fighting against almost every external foe of the Germans at one point in his career or another . In his first year in office , the cathedral of Würzburg was destroyed by lightning and Arn had to rebuild it . He was an active participator in the East Frankish government of Louis the German ( who appointed him ) , Charles the Fat , and Arnulf of Carinthia . In 871 , Louis the German held an assembly at Frankfurt and from there sent Arn and Ruodolt , Margrave of the Nordgau , to defend the border between the Duchy of Bavaria and Great Moravia because he had heard that the Moravians were planning an invasion . The Moravians had constructed a very large , circular wall to force the Germans through a very narrow opening and thus cut them off from fleeing . Arn , however , aware of the trap , caught a Moravian army leading back a Bohemian bride offguard and forced it into the trap . The Moravian were forced to abandon their horses and flee on foot . In 872 , however , he assisted Carloman of Bavaria against Svatopluk of Moravia and was defeated . In 884 , Arn and Henry of Franconia led the forces of all East Francia against a Viking army invading Saxony and were victorious . In 892 , Arn , on the advice of Poppo , Duke of Thuringia , had undertaken an expedition against the Wends and was killed , either during a mass on the Chemnitz near Frankenburg or , after withdrawing to Sandberg ( perhaps Wiederau or Taurastein ) , in a decisive battle with the Slavs . Poppo was deposed from his office for his poor counsel and Arn was replaced by Rudolf , a member of the Conradine family . He is buried in St - Aegidien in Colditz and was immediately reckoned a martyr . He was finally canonised in the 18th century . Around 1250 , a chapel was built in his honour at Mittweida .
Stade Pershing Stade Pershing was a multi - purpose stadium in Vincennes , France . It was used mostly for football matches and hosted the final of the Coupe de France on four occasions . It also hosted some of the football matches during the 1924 Summer Olympics . The stadium was able to hold 29 , 000 spectators at its height ; it opened in 1919 and closed in 1960 . Its area currently hosts ball $ 2 $ 3 games . The stadium was built as the Pershing Stadium by the US Military at the end of World War I . It hosted the Inter - Allied Games , and then was presented as a gift from the USA to France after the games concluded . An exhibition match at Stade Pershing between the Great Britain and Australian national rugby league football teams in December 1933 inspired the beginnings of rugby league in France .
Kosh otaman Kosh Otaman ( , Koshovyi otaman ; ; lit . Otaman of the Host ) was the highest military rank of the Zaporizhian Cossacks in the 16 - 18th centuries . Overview . The otaman was elected by " elders " ( starshyna ) of the Zaporozhian Host . The position contained the highest military , administrative , and judicial powers . Until the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate the title was interchangeably used with Hetman . During military campaigns powers of otaman were virtually unrestricted , but in peacetime the most important military and political issues he addressed to the council of starshyna s ( officers ) and the military council . Kosh otaman was elected for a term of one year and in exceptional cases was reelected . Upon expiration of his term amounted to report on his activities to a military council . The Kosh otaman that was not reelected returned to his assigned kurin . Duties . In 1723 this rank was depreciated with the nomination of an Appointed Otaman ( Наказний отаман ) by the Tsar of Russia . Among most famous Koshovyi Otamans were Ivan Pidkova , Ivan Sirko , Petro Kalnyshevsky , and others . There were at least 30 Kosh Otamans in the history of Zaporizhian Sich before its collapse in 1775 . Nothing is known about the Kosh Otamans of Tomak Sich , Bezlavuk Sich , and Mykytyn Rih Sich . The longest standing Sich was the Chortomlyk Sich of which most of information has survived . After the defeat at the battle of Poltava and the Sich raid Kost Hordiyenko transferred the Sich downstream along Dnieper to the old settlement of Oleshky in 1709 , which was part of Ottoman Empire . It took some 25 years before the Russian government allowed for Cossacks to return to reestablish the New Sich by Ivan Malashevych . With the destruction of Sich in 1775 Zaporizhian Cossacks have moved to Danube Delta .
Nelson G . Williams Nelson G . Williams was a New York City customs agent and Union Army officer during the American Civil War . Early life . Williams was born in New York and was appointed to West Point in 1839 . He resigned a year later due to poor math grades . He worked as an importer in New York City before moving to Iowa in 1855 . Finding work as a storekeeper in Dubuque , Williams finally settled on a farm in Dyersville . Civil War . Williams was commissioned colonel of the 3rd Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment on June 26 , 1861 . He served under Stephen A . Hurlbut in Missouri becoming engaged in minor skirmishes there . In December 1861 Colonel Williams received a court - martial for cowardice but was acquitted . In February 1862 Hurlbut ' s command was added to Ulysses S . Grant ' s Army of West Tennessee becoming the 4th Division . Williams assumed command of 1st Brigade and led it into action at the battle of Shiloh . Early in the fighting Williams ' horse was shot and fell on him and command of the brigade passed to Colonel Isaac C . Pugh for the remainder of the battle . Williams spent several weeks recovering and resigned his commission on November 27 , 1862 . On November 29 , 1862 Williams was appointed brigadier general . However , the U . S . Senate negated the appointed because he was no longer on active duty and Williams returned to civilian life . Later life . Williams returned to his farm in Iowa and remained there until 1869 when Ulysses S . Grant appointed him deputy collector of customs in New York City . Williams held this position for 25 years . He died at his home in Brooklyn in 1897 .
August Eigruber August Eigruber ( 16 April 1907 – 28 May 1947 ) was an Austrian - born Nazi Gauleiter of Reichsgau Oberdonau ( Upper Danube ) and Landeshauptmann of Upper Austria , later hanged by the Allies . Early life and Nazi career . Born in Steyr , Austria , after finishing middle school , Eigruber underwent training in geodesy and fine mechanics at the Austrian Federal Teaching Institution for Iron - and Steelworking . Thereafter , he was active in his profession . In November 1922 he joined the National Socialist Worker Youth of Austria , whose leader he became in 1925 . In April 1928 , he joined the Nazi Party , whose Steyr - Land district leadership he took up in October 1930 . For his activities in the NSDAP , which was banned in Austria , Eigruber was sentenced to several months in prison . From May 1935 , Eigruber was the Gau Director ( " Gaugeschäftsführer " ) for the banned Party in the Upper Austria Gau , and he took over complete leadership of the Gau as of 1936 . After Anschluss , he was appointed " Landeshauptmann " on 14 March 1938 . From 10 April 1938 he furthermore functioned as a ministerial adviser . Shortly before this , in March 1938 , Eigruber joined the SA , in which he bore the rank of " Brigadeführer " . Rise to power in Nazi state . On 22 May 1938 , he transferred to the SS as a " Standartenführer " . On 1 April 1940 , he was installed as Reich Governor ( " Reichstatthalter " ) of Oberdonau , which in November 1942 led to his appointment as Reich Defence Commissar ( " Reichsverteidigungskommissar " ) . In June 1943 , Eigruber was promoted to SS - Obergruppenführer . Conviction and execution for crimes against humanity . Right after Germany ' s unconditional surrender in May 1945 , Eigruber was arrested in the Salzkammergut by the United States Army , and he was questioned as a witness at the Nuremberg Trials . In the Mauthausen - Gusen camp trials , Eigruber was sentenced in March 1946 by the Dachau International Military Tribunal to death by hanging for his responsibility for crimes at Mauthausen concentration camp . The sentence was carried out in the prison yard at Landsberg Prison , Landsberg am Lech on May 28 , 1947 .
German submarine U - 803 German submarine " U - 803 " was a German Type IXC / 40 U - boat built during World War II at Bremerhaven . This Type had long range cruising capacity and eight torpedo tubes . She was completed in September 1943 and spent the next seven months on working up cruises in the Baltic Sea near Swinemunde in order to get the crew and boat ready for operational cruising in the Battle of the Atlantic , which was at a critical stage . As the boat worked up on 27 April 1944 , just days off its intended first cruise , she struck a sea mine in the bay and sank , nine of her crew going down with the boat , and 35 being rescued by nearby ships . The boat was salvaged in August 1944 , but was too badly damaged to repair , and was broken up for components for use in other U - boat s . Her surviving crew were largely transferred to other units , principally , on which they surrendered in May 1945 . The mine had been air - dropped over the bay by the Royal Air Force , who had realised the use that the area was being put to through photo - reconnaissance flights . The air - dropping of mines was a frequent tactic of the RAF , and achieved dividends off many German harbours .
USS Anton Dohrn ( SP - 1086 ) USS " Anton Dohrn " ( SP - 1086 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Anton Dohrn " was built as a civilian motorboat of the same name in 1911 by the Miami Yacht & Machine Company at Miami , Florida . On 31 July 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a lease - either a free lease or for USD $ 1 . 00 per month - from her owner , the Carnegie Institute of Washington , D . C . , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned at Key West , Florida , on 5 October 1917 as USS " Anton Dohrn " ( SP - 1086 ) . Assigned to the 7th Naval District and based at St . Augustine , Florida , " Anton Dohrn " served on patrol duty along the northeastern coast of Florida through the end of World War I . The Navy returned " Anton Dohrn " to the Carnegie Institute on 2 January 1919 and she was stricken from the Navy List simultaneously .
Chapelgorris Chapelgorris ( Basque language : " txapelgorri " , " red cap " , also called " " Peseteros " " ) were a type of volunteer unit during the First Carlist War , raised at the beginning of the war in the province of Guipúzcoa . They fought against the Carlists . A soldier of the British Legion called them a " half - wild soldiery " who " possess the same knowledge of the country , with the war - like habits and activity of the Carlists themselves , by whom they are held in considerable dread . " The Chapelgorris were formed in battalions of 700 - 800 men , and were officered mainly by Basques . At first irregular troops , they were later considered a regular corps . They were called officially Free Forces ( tropas francas ) – for example , la " Tropa franca de caballería de Ausejo " ( Free Forces of Cavalry of Ausejo ) - but were disparagingly called " Peseteros " ( which can be roughly translated as " money whores " ) by the Carlists , since they received one peseta per day , though this payment was not standard and varied in nature from province to province . When Baldomero Espartero received command of the Isabeline forces , he incorporated the Chapelgorris into his own troops ; it is at that time that they received their red shako s . They wore a long gray " capote " or cloak ; a red cap or beret ; a small canvas bag . For weapons they used a bandolier ; a bayonet ; and a carbine . While in full dress , they wore a high cylindrical red shako , as well as blue jackets embroidered with yellow lace and studded with silver bells and ornaments . However , after they became associated and attached with the British Legion , they adopted British uniforms , including the red coats of the British soldier . They are sometimes incorrectly called Carlist troops due to their red caps ; however , the only Carlist troops who had permission to wear this was the battalion known as Guías de Navarra ( " Navarre Guides " ) , an honor granted to them by Zumalacárregui . An unflattering description of them states that : A vivid description of a fight between a Carlist and a Chapelgorri survives : " They wrestled for a few moments , but the Chapelgorri was strongest and stabbed the Carlist , at the same time seizing the side of his face in his teeth , and tearing it like a wolf : even when he had torn one mouthful , and the Carlist still writhing , he bit again and shook the head of the vanquished foe till his own face was besmeared with blood . ” They participated in the First Battle of Arquijas ( 1834 ) . Chapelgorris and British troops captured by the Carlists were often tortured or immediately executed . In contrast , some Liberal troops of the line were saved by virtue of the Eliot treaty , which called for the exchange of prisoners rather than their immediate execution .