naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Alan A . Dale Alan A . Dale was cargo ship that served under United States control during World War II . Originally the Danish ship " Nordvest " , she was requisitioned in 1941 , and sunk off the Netherlands in late 1944 . Ship history . The ship was built in 1938 at the Nakskov Skibsværft A / S yard at Nakskov , Denmark . Under the name " Nordvest " she was owned and operated by D / S Norden of Copenhagen . After the outbreak of World War II she remained in port in the United States and was one of the 84 foreign ships seized by the U . S . Maritime Commission under the Ship Requisition Act ( Executive Order No . 8771 ) , signed on June 6 , 1941 . She was subsequently reflagged under Panama and operated by the Union Steam Ship Company of New Zealand . As well as her civilian crew she carried a contingent from the USN Armed Guard . " Alan A . Dale " sailed independently for Tocopilla , Chile , arriving there in October 1941 , then returned via the Panama Canal to Baltimore in early December . On December 15 , 1941 , she sailed from Halifax to Belfast as part of Convoy HX 165 , returning to the United States as part of Convoy ON 59 in January 1942 . After another Atlantic crossing , ( Convoys HX 179 and ON 89 ) , she sailed alone from Hampton Roads on June 1 , 1942 , to the Indian Ocean , calling at Cape Town , Abadan , Bahrein and Bombay , before returning via Durban , Trinidad and Guantánamo Bay , and arriving at New York City , on November 2 . " Alan A . Dale " then took part in operations following Operation Torch , the Allied invasion of North Africa , sailing between Hampton Roads and Oran three times between December 1942 and July 1943 . The ship then returned to Atlantic crossings , making four more return voyages between the East Coast of the United States and ports in Britain between August 1943 and June 1944 . In July 1944 , after sailing from New York to Liverpool , she moved to the south coast of England , crossing the English Channel to the Bay of the Seine following the Normandy landings , and returning to New York in September 1944 . She sailed once more between New York and Liverpool and back in October – November 1944 , before sailing from New York in October to the Solent . From there , on December 21 , she sailed as part of Convoy TAM 26 , bound for Antwerp . The " Alan A . Dale " sunk by a German " Biber " midget submarine in the Westerschelde off Terneuzen on 24 December 1944 at position . All 65 men on board survived the attack . The wreck was removed during June 2003 as part of an operation to improve shipping access to Antwerp .
Marcellus H . Chiles Marcellus Holms Chiles ( February 5 , 1895 – November 5 , 1918 ) was an American soldier serving in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during World War I . Biography . Chiles was born in Eureka Springs , Arkansas , to John Horne Chiles . He later moved to Denver , Colorado , where his father worked as a lawyer . He was a student at Colorado College when World War I began . After attending an officers ' training camp , he was appointed a second lieutenant in the U . S . Army in August 1917 . Promoted to first lieutenant in January 1918 , Chiles was sent to Europe with the 356th Infantry Regiment , 89th Division later that year . He first saw action at the Saint - Mihiel salient in northeast France in August 1918 . On November 3 , four days after being promoted to captain , Chiles participated in an advance near Le Champy Bas as part of the Meuse - Argonne Offensive . In command of a battalion , he oversaw an attack against a large German force , leading his men through a waist - deep stream despite intense machine gun fire . Wounded during the water crossing , Chiles continued to crawl after his troops after reaching the stream bank . After turning over command of the battalion , he was evacuated to a hospital , where he died on November 5 . For these actions , he received the Distinguished Service Cross ; the award was upgraded to the Medal of Honor the next year . Chiles , aged 23 at his death , is buried at the Meuse - Argonne American Cemetery near Romagne - sous - Montfaucon , France . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Captain , U . S . Army , 356th Infantry , 89th Division . Place and date : Near Le Champy Bas , France , 3 November 1918 . Entered service at : Denver , Colo . Birth : Eureka Springs , Ark . G . O . No . : 20 , W . D . , 1919 . Citation : When his battalion , of which he had just taken command , was halted by machinegun fire from the front and left flank , he picked up the rifle of a dead soldier and , calling on his men to follow led the advance across a stream , waist deep , in the face of the machinegun fire . Upon reaching the opposite bank this gallant officer was seriously wounded in the abdomen by a sniper , but before permitting himself to be evacuated he made complete arrangements for turning over his command to the next senior officer , and under the inspiration of his fearless leadership his battalion reached its objective . Capt . Chiles died shortly after reaching the hospital .
Norman Franks Norman Leslie Robert Franks is an English writer who specialises in aviation books on the pilots and squadrons of World Wars I and II . Biography . He published his first book in 1976 . He was an Organisation and Methods Officer with the Nationwide Building Society in London before he retired . He now lives in Bexhill - on - Sea , East Sussex , with his wife Heather . They have two sons , Rob and Mike , and five grandchildren . He was a consultant for the Channel 4 television series " Dogfight : The Mystery of the Red Baron " . His 1995 book on the Red Baron has been published and reissued by three publishers . He is also one of the founding members of the Cross and Cockade society for World War I aviation historians , which was formed in 1970 , and a member of Over the Front , the league of World War I aviation historians . In total , he has authored over 120 books covering military aviation .
Chief of the Serbian General Staff The Chief of the General Staff ( ) is the chief of the General Staff and Serbian Armed Forces . The chief of staff is appointed by the head - of - state ( president ) , who is the commander - in - chief . The position dates back to the Principality of Serbia . The current Chief of the General Staff is General Ljubiša Diković . Chiefs of the General Staff ( 1876 - 1918 ) . " For period from 1918 to 2006 , see Chief of the General Staff of Yugoslavia . "
84th Line Infantry Regiment The 84th Line Infantry Regiment is an infantry unit of the French Army . It was heir of the " Quercy " Regiment and the 9th Light Regiment , created in 1684 . At the Battle of Graz on 25 and 26 June 1809 , two battalions defended a church cemetery for many hours against thousands of Austrian soldiers . In the end , the regiment broke through and escaped their enemies . For the loss of three officers and 31 men killed , 12 officers and 192 men wounded , and 40 captured , they inflicted an estimated 500 casualties on the Austrians . In honor of the regiment ' s outstanding bravery on this occasion , the 84th was allowed to add the words " UN CONTRE DIX " ( One Against Ten ) on their colors .
Charles S . Venable Charles Scott Venable ( March 19 , 1827 – August 11 , 1900 ) was a mathematician , astronomer , and military officer . In mathematics , he is noted for authoring a series of publications as a University of Virginia professor . Biography . He was born in Virginia and graduated from Hampden - Sydney College at the age of 15 . He was a member of Beta Theta Pi fraternity while at Hampden - Sydney College . For several years following his graduation , he served as a mathematics tutor at the college . He received further education at the University of Virginia as well as in Berlin and Bonn , Germany . He became a professor in mathematics and astronomy in Virginia and South Carolina . Venable was present at the firing on Fort Sumter in April 1861 , serving as a lieutenant in the South Carolina state militia . He then fought as a private in Company A , 2nd South Carolina Infantry . In the spring of 1862 , Venable joined the staff of presidential military advisor General Robert E . Lee as an aide - de - camp with the rank of major . He continued serving on Lee ' s staff when the general took command of the Army of Northern Virginia on June 1 , 1862 . He served on Lee ' s staff from the Peninsula Campaign to Appomattox Court House and was promoted to lieutenant colonel . Following the war , Venable resumed his career as an educator . During a visit to Prussia , he was invited to the castle of Heros von Borcke , the former aide - de - camp to General J . E . B . Stuart .
SM U - 11 ( Germany ) SM U - 11 was one of the 329 submarine s serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I . " U - 11 " was engaged in the naval warfare and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic .
Champion warfare Champion warfare refers to a type of battle , most commonly found in the epic poetry and myth of ancient history , in which the outcome of the conflict is determined by single combat , an individual duel between the best soldiers ( " champions " ) from each opposing army . Champion warfare can also refer to a battle in which armies actually engage , but champions within the armies fight so effectively as to single - handedly carry the sway of battle , such as in the " Iliad " .
Frank Carney ( politician ) Frank Carney ( 25 April 1896 – 19 October 1932 ) was an Irishman who fought in the British Army in World War I before joining the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) . He fought in the Irish War of Independence and the Civil War before being elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála ( TD ) . A former chief Supplies Officer of the National Army , he won his seat in the Dáil on his first attempt , when he was elected for the Donegal constituency at the June 1927 general election . He was re - elected at the September 1927 and 1932 general elections , but died following ill - health later that year , aged 36 . No by - election was held for his seat , which remained vacant until the next general election in January 1933 .
HMAS Parkes HMAS " Parkes " ( J361 ) , named for the town of Parkes , New South Wales , was one of 60 " Bathurst " class corvettes constructed in Australia during World War II , and one of 36 initilally manned and commissioned by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . Construction . " Parkes " was laid down by Evans Deakins and Company at Brisbaneon 16 March 1943 . She was launched on 30 October 1943 by Mrs Brown , wife of the President of the Senate , and commissioned into the RAN on 25 May 1944 . The ship was originally to be named HMAS " Mudgee " , for the town of Mudgee , New South Wales . Operational history . The corvette earned two battle honour s for her wartimes service : " Pacific 1944 " and " New Guinea 1944 " . Fate . " Parkes " paid off to reserve on 17 December 1945 in Fremantle , Western Australia . The vessel was sold for scrap to Hong Kong Rolling Mills Ltd on 2 May 1957 .
South African National Defence Force The South African National Defence Force ( SANDF ) comprises the armed force s of South Africa . The commander of the SANDF is appointed by the President of South Africa from one of the armed services . They are in turn accountable to the Minister of Defence and Military Veterans of the Defence Department . The military as it exists today was created in 1994 , following South Africa ' s first post - apartheid national elections and the adoption of a new constitution . It replaced the South African Defence Force . History . The SANDF took over the personnel and equipment from the SADF and integrated forces from the former Bantustan homelands forces , as well as personnel from the former guerrilla forces of some of the political parties involved in South Africa , such as the African National Congress ' s Umkhonto we Sizwe , the Pan Africanist Congress ' s Azanian People ' s Liberation Army and the Self - Protection Units of the Inkatha Freedom Party ( IFP ) . As of 2004 , the integration process was considered complete , with the integrated personnel having been incorporated into a slightly modified structure very similar to that of the SADF , with the latter ' s structure and equipment for the most part being retained . However , due to integration problems , financial constraints , and other issues , the SANDF was facing capability constraints . ' The South African Commando System was a territorial militia active until 2008 , based upon local units from the size of company to battalion . In its final years its role was to support the South African Police in internal security , During such deployments the units came under Police control . Re - Armament . In 1999 a US $ 4 . 8 billion ( R30 billion in 1999 rands ) purchase of weaponry by the South African Government was finalised , which has been subject to allegations of corruption . The South African Department of Defence ' s Strategic Defence Acquisition purchased frigate s , submarine s , light utility helicopter s , lead - in fighter trainer s and advanced light fighter aircraft . Current Role . The SANDF plays a role in peacekeeping mostly on the African continent through the United Nations as well as providing election observers from time to time . Internal Operations . The SANDF is involved in a number of internal operations , including : Organisation and structure . Overall command is vested in an officer designated Chief of the SANDF ( CSANDF ) . Appointed from any of the Arms of Service and the only person in the SANDF at the rank of General or Admiral , he is accountable to the Minister of Defence and Veteran Affairs , who heads up the Department of Defence The structure of the SANDF is depicted below : Four armed services make up the forces of the SANDF : The Joint Operations Division is responsible for co - ordinating all Joint Operations involving any or all of the four services . The South African Special Forces Brigade is a separate special forces unit under the direct command of the Joint Operations division .
Scaleby Castle Scaleby Castle is in the village of Scaleby , Cumbria . Originally built in the early 14th century , it was extended in the 15th century to form a substantial fortification . The castle was attacked twice and burnt by Parliamentary troops during the English Civil War , but later restored to form a country house . Details . Scaleby Castle was built after 1307 by Robert de Tilliol next to the village of Scaleby , six miles from Carlisle . The Tilliols were a well established family in the region from the reign of Henry I onwards , and Robert was given the land for the castle by Edward I and granted the authority to build a castle by Edward II . The initial castle comprised two sets of buildings , linked by a small courtyard and protected by a curtain wall on both sides , surrounded by a large , circular , water - filled moat approximately 7 . 5 m wide , and an inner moat , since largely destroyed . The male Tilliol line died out in 1435 , and the castle passed by marriage to the Colville family . They rebuilt much of the castle in the late 15th century , including remodelling the pele tower , the great hall and the gateway , complete with a polygonal barbican . The pele tower formed substantial fortification , around 40 feet by 30 feet across , with three floors and thick walls . The Musgrave family acquired the castle and Sir Edward Musgrave rebuilt the south range of the castle in 1596 . In 1641 the English Civil War broke out between the Royalist supporters of Charles I and Parliament . Sir Edward ' s grandson , another Sir Edward Musgrave , was a strong Royalist supporter and declared for the king . In February 1645 , Parliamentary forces besieging nearby Carlisle also besieged and eventually seized Scaleby Castle , causing considerable damage ; Edward recovered the castle , but in at the start of the Second English Civil War in 1648 he again took up arms on behalf of the king . This time the castle fell to Parliamentary forces immediately , and was set on fire by the attacking troops . Heavily in debt , Sir Edward sold the castle after the war to Dr Richard Gilpin , who restored the property . The property remained in the hand of the Gilpins until it fell into disrepair ; it was restored once again by Rowland Fawcett and acquired by the Standish family as a country house . Today the castle is a grade I listed building and a scheduled monument .
German submarine U - 182 German submarine " U - 182 " was a Type IX D 2 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " which served in World War II . Her keel was laid down on 7 April 1941 at AG Weser , Bremen as ' werk ' 1022 ; she was launched on 3 March 1942 and commissioned on 30 June of the same year . She carried out a single war patrol , sinking five merchant vessels and spending 159 days at sea . " U - 182 " was probably sunk near Madeira on 16 May 1943 by . 61 crew members and three prisoners of war died . The boat had been unsuccessfully attacked by a USAAF B - 24 Liberator the previous day .
Yokoamicho Park History . Following the Great Kantō earthquake on 1 September 1923 , as many as 44 , 000 people were killed in the park when it was swept by a firestorm . Following this disaster the park became the location of the main memorial to the earthquake ; the Earthquake Memorial Hall and a nearby charnel house containing the ashes of 58 , 000 victims of the earthquake . Following World War II , the park also became the location of the main memorial to the victims of the Bombing of Tokyo in 1944 and 1945 . The ashes of 105 , 400 people killed in the raids were interred in Yokoamicho Park between 1948 and 1951 . A memorial to the people killed in the raids was opened in the park in March 2001 .
172nd Battalion ( Rocky Mountain Rangers ) , CEF The 172nd ( Rocky Mountain Rangers ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Kamloops , British Columbia , the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915 / 16 in Kamloops and district . After sailing to England in October 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 24th Reserve Battalion on January 1 , 1917 . The 172nd ( Rocky Mountain Rangers ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . J . R . Vicars . Motto . The motto of the Rocky Mountain Ranges was in the Chinook Jargon , a trade language that was popular with settler populations in early British Columbia . Meaning " stand guard " , or " watch well " , it was " Kloshe Nanitch " . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
16th The Queen ' s Lancers The 16th The Queen ' s Lancers was a cavalry regiment in the British Army , first raised in 1759 . It saw service for two centuries , before being amalgamated into the 16th / 5th Lancers in 1922 . History . The regiment was raised as the second of the new regiments of light dragoons in 1759 , as the 16th Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons , also known as Burgoyne ' s Light Horse . In 1766 they were renamed after Queen Charlotte as the 2nd ( or The Queen ' s ) Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons , the number being an attempt to create a new numbering system for the light dragoon regiments . However , the old system was quickly reestablished , with the regiment returning as the 16th ( The Queen ' s ) Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons in 1769 . The 16th Light Dragoons arrived in New York in September , 1776 . They were involved in fighting at Brandywine , Paoli , and Monmouth Court House . The regiment returned to Britain in December , 1778 . They became lancers in 1816 , as the 16th ( The Queen ' s ) Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons ( Lancers ) . The title was simplified in 1861 to the 16th ( The Queen ' s ) Lancers . The Regiment was posted in India in the early 1900s , but took part in the Second Boer War in South Africa 1900 - 1901 . After service in the First World War , the regiment was retitled as the 16th The Queen ' s Lancers in 1921 , and was amalgamated with the 5th Royal Irish Lancers to form the 16th / 5th Lancers ( later the 16th / 5th The Queen ' s Royal Lancers ) the following year . Insignia and uniform . The collar badge of the regiment until 1921 comprised the figure 16 above a scroll inscribed " Queen ' s Lancers " , over a pair of crossed lances and surmounted by a crown ( see illustration above ) . The lancer full dress cap bore the regimental battle honors and number in silver . In its early years as the 16th Light Dragoons , the regiment wore the standard red uniform of this branch of cavalry with black and then royal blue facings . In 1784 the red coat was replaced by a dark blue jacket . From 1816 to 1832 a dark blue lancer uniform was worn , until in December 1832 a scarlet coatee and undress jacket was authorized . The latter was worn during the First Sikh War and on its return to England in 1846 the 16th petitioned to retain the scarlet uniform when all lancer regiments were ordered to return to blue . The unique distinction of scarlet lancer tunic and dark blue plastron was retained in full dress until 1914 .
479th Bombardment Squadron The 479th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 336th Bombardment Group , stationed at Lake Charles Army Air Field , Louisiana . It was inactivated on 1 May 1944 . History . Established by III Bomber Command as a B - 26 Marauder training squadron .
Hezbollah Al - Hejaz Hezbollah Al - Hejaz ( , ) is or was a militant organization operating in Saudi Arabia , Kuwait and Bahrain . Hizbollah in the Hijaz ( Saudi Hizbollah ) is a Shi ‘ i organization founded in May 1987 in Saudi Arabia ’ s Eastern Province . It is pro - Khomeini as opposed to the pro - Shirazi ‘ Organization of the Islamic Revolution ’ [ munazzamat al - thawra al - islamiyya ] ( OIR ) . It is outlawed in Saudi Arabia . Alleged terror attacks . The Saudi Hizbollah is believed to have been responsible for a number of serious attacks in Saudi Arabia in the second half of the 1980s , including the August 1987 bombing of an Eastern Province gas plant and the March 1988 bombing of oil installations at Ras Tanura and Jubail , as well as a series of bombings in Riyadh in 1985 and 1989 . Some have also suspected organized domestic Shiite involvement in the Hajj riots Mecca in July 1987 in which more than 400 people died after Saudi police cracked down on demonstrating Iranian pilgrims . Questions also shroud the June 1996 Khobar Towers bombing , which was officially blamed on the Hizbollah of the Hijaz . The group may have wanted to assert its disapproval of the 1993 reconciliation between the Saudi Government and the OIR , and may have received operational assistance from the Lebanese Hezbollah . Some observers have disputed this assessment and argued that the operation was carried out by al - Qaida , while others have said that on balance , the available evidence suggests Shiite responsibility . Several of its members are wanted in the United States for their part in the 1996 Khobar Towers bombing . The group is also charged by the FBI with its participatants Ahmed Al Mughassil , Ali Al Houri , Hani Al Sayegh , Ibrahim Al Yacoub , Abdelkarim Al Nasser , Mustafa Al Qassab , Abdallah Al Jarash , Hussein Al Mughis and a Lebanese " John Doe . " Five more members are wanted on conspiracy indictments : Sa ' ed Al Bahar , Saleh Ramadan , Ali Al Marhoun , Mustafa Al Mu ' alem , and Fadel Al Alawe .