naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Okikatsu Arao Colonel was one of the original plotters in a scheme to prevent the Emperor ' s declaration of surrender at the end of World War II . He was the chief of the War Affairs section of the Military Affairs Bureau of the Imperial Japanese Army . Conspiracy . Given his relatively high station , Arao acted as the representative of the plotters to some extent , hoping to enlist the aid of Minister of War Korechika Anami . Meeting with Anami on the night of August 13 ( two days before the surrender ) , Arao was informed that the Minister stood behind the Emperor ' s decisions , and that in any case , Japan could not afford to continue fighting . Unthinkable as it was , surrender was the only option . As one of his chief contributions to the " coup " , Arao drafted an ' Instruction to the Troops ' which was to be broadcast to all of Japan ' s soldiers , encouraging them to keep fighting . This was originally supported and approved by General Anami ; however , while he spoke with the War Minister , several of the more rash members of the conspiracy broadcast an earlier , more inflammatory , draft . The following morning , Arao and the other conspirators met to plot the actual details of their plan to take over the Imperial Palace , placing the Emperor under house arrest , and preventing the surrender speech from being delivered . Arao drafted the orders that were to be given to those elements of the Imperial Guards Division and other groups involved in the " coup " . The conspirators then met with Anami once more ; the Minister , having wavered back and forth several times in his support of their plan , once again told them the " coup " would have to be abandoned . He said that Army Chief of Staff Yoshijirō Umezu felt that employment of armed forces within the Palace grounds would be sacrilege . Though he was one of the original conspirators , Arao in the end turned his back on the " coup " , and helped write the generals ' agreement document stating that those military commanders who signed swore to abide by the Emperor ' s decision . Unlike many of the other conspirators , Arao survived through the events of August 15 , 1945 , and would , many years later , continue to admire General Anami , and the devotion and strength it took to bring the war to an end in the way he did .
2d Antisubmarine Squadron The 2d Antisubmarine Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the 480th Antisubmarine Group , based at Clovis Army Airfield , New Mexico . It was inactivated on 29 January 1944 . History . Operational history . Squadron was formed at Langley Field , Virginia training on mixture of B - 17 Flying Fortress es , B - 18 Bolo s and B - 34 Ventura as aerial antisubmarine killer hunter squadron . Redesignated 2d Antisubmarine Squadron and reassigned to 25th Antisubmarine Wing upon inactivation of initial training group . Deployed to RAF St Eval England initially as part of VIII Bomber Command then 1st Antisubmarine Wing ( Heavy ) , ( subsequently redesignated 2037th Antisubmarine Wing ( Provisional ) and ultimately 480th Antisubmarine Group ) . The squadron was the first USAAF Antisubmarine Command squadron to cross the Atlantic . Trained with RAF Coastal Command using B - 24 Liberator s in aerial antisubmarine tactics . Deployed again to Port Lyautey in French Morocco in March 1943 to shore up scanty Allied antisubmarine defenses in the Atlantic approaches to the Straits of Gibraltar as part of 2037th Antisubmarine Wing ( Provisional ) under the operational control of the United States Navy ( USN ) Fleet Air Wing 15 ( FAW - 15 ) , which answered to the commander of the Moroccan Sea Frontier . The squadron flew B - 24s daily on operational missions as part of the 480th Antisubmarine Group , covering an area as far south as 30°N , as far north as Cape Finisterre , Spain , and as far west as a thousand nautical miles from Port Lyautey . Much of the time , the Liberators flew convoy coverage for ships sailing from or approaching the Straits of Gibraltar . The 480th ' s antisubmarine activity reached a peak in July 1943 when enemy U - boat s concentrated off the coast of Portugal to intercept convoys bound for the Mediterranean . The squadron destroyed and damaged several submarines during the month , which aided in protecting supply lines to forces involved in the campaign for Sicily . At the time , the 480th Antisubmarine Group was under the command of Colonel Jack Roberts and consisted of both the 1st and 2nd Antisubmarine Squadrons . The group was assigned to the Northwest African Coastal Air Force under the command of Air Vice - Marshal Hugh Lloyd but they operated under the control of USN FAW - 15 at Port Lyautey , French Morocco , now Kenitra , Morocco . Returned to the United States in November 1943 , inactivating in January 1944 .
Thomas Maitland , 11th Earl of Lauderdale Admiral of the Fleet Thomas Maitland , 11th Earl of Lauderdale , GCB ( 3 February 1803 – 1 September 1878 ) was a Royal Navy officer and peer . Naval career . Born the only son of General The Hon . William Maitland ( himself the fourth son of James Maitland , 7th Earl of Lauderdale ) and his first wife , Mary , Maitland joined the navy in 1816 . He was promoted to lieutenant for service aboard HMS " Euryalus " in 1823 . In 1825 , he was appointed to serve aboard HMS " Superb " at Portsmouth and to HMS " Ganges " in 1826 on the South American station . Promoted to commander in 1827 , he commanded HMS " Sparrowhawk " from 1832 to 1833 in the West Indies , bringing home a treasure of $ 589 , 405 and 42 bales of cochineal . From 1835 to 1837 , Maitland commanded HMS " Tweed " on the north coast of Spain during the Spanish Civil War , for which he received the cross of the Order of Charles III . In 1837 , he was promoted to captain and took command of HMS " Wellesley " on the East India station and saw action off the Persian Gulf in 1839 and during the First Opium War from 1840 to 1841 , for which he was appointed a CB in 1841 . He was Captain of the Gunnery School at Portsmouth from 1854 to 1857 . In 1857 he was promoted to Rear - Admiral and was Commander - in - Chief , Pacific Station from 1860 to 1862 . He was appointed KCB in 1865 , First and Principal Naval Aide - de - Camp from 1866 to 1873 , GCB in 1873 and Admiral in 1868 . He retired in 1873 and became Admiral of the Fleet in 1877 . Lord Lauderdale died in 1878 at the family home , Thirlestane Castle in Berwickshire . Family . On 7 February 1828 , Maitland married Amelia Young at Rio de Janeiro ( whilst posted in South America ) and they had four children : As his only son predeceased him , Maitland ' s titles and hereditary offices passed to his second cousin once removed , Charles Barclay - Maitland .
Dermot Chichester , 7th Marquess of Donegall Dermot Richard Claud Chichester , 7th Marquess of Donegall LVO ( 18 April 1916 – 19 April 2007 ) was an Irish soldier , landowner and member of the House of Lords . Chichester was the second son of Arthur Chichester , 4th Baron Templemore , whom he succeeded in the Barony . He was educated at Harrow and Sandhurst . He served in the Second World War as a captain with the 7th Queen ' s Own Hussars in Egypt . He was reported missing in action and believed to have been killed , but had been captured in Libya in November 1942 during the North African Campaign . He remained a prisoner of war in Italy until escaping in June 1944 . He was promoted Major that year , and retired from the British Army in 1949 , but served for several years with the Leicestershire Yeomanry . His elder brother , Arthur , having been killed in 1942 serving with the Coldstream Guards , Chichester succeeded his father as 5th Baron Templemore in 1953 . In 1975 , he also succeeded his distant cousin as 7th Marquess of Donegall , being the descendant of Arthur Chichester , 1st Baron Templemore ( who in turn was descended from Sir Arthur Chichester a former Lord Deputy of Ireland ) , grandson of Arthur Chichester , 1st Marquess of Donegall . He also inherited other titles , and was Lord High Admiral of Lough Neagh . He became a member of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms in 1966 , and was its Standard Bearer from 1984 to 1986 . He was appointed LVO in 1986 , and was for many years an active member of the Conservative Monday Club . In 1981 , he became Grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of Ireland , a post he held until 1992 . Chichester served also as master of the Wexford Hounds . He bred horses , including The Proclamation , winner of the Punchestown champion hurdle in 1989 , and Dunbrody Millar , winner of the Topham Trophy at Aintree in 2007 . In 1946 , he married Lady Josceline Gabrielle Legge ( died 1995 ) , daughter of William Legge , 7th Earl of Dartmouth . They had a son , Patrick Chichester ( born 1952 ) and two daughters , Lady Jennifer ( 1949 - 2013 ) and Lady Juliet ( b . 1954 ) . The Marquess lived at the family home of Dunbrody Park , County Wexford .
Fritz Breithaupt Fritz Breithaupt ( 5 September 1892 – 25 December 1944 ) was a Fregattenkapitän of the Reserves with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Arthur Wellesley , 5th Duke of Wellington Arthur Charles Wellesley , 5th Duke of Wellington ( 9 June 1876 – 11 December 1941 ) was the son of Arthur Charles Wellesley , 4th Duke of Wellington , and Kathleen Bulkeley Williams . He attended Eton between 1890 and 1895 . He then attended Trinity College at Cambridge . He joined the Grenadier Guards and fought in the Boer War in 1900 , and later in World War I . In 1934 he succeeded to the Dukedom ; he was also a Justice of the Peace . Wellington married Hon . Lilian Maud Glen Coats , the daughter of the George Coats , 1st Baron Glentanar in 1909 . He had two children : Anne Rhys , 7th Duchess of Ciudad Rodrigo ( 1910 – 1998 ) , and Captain Henry Valerian George Wellesley , 6th Duke of Wellington ( 1912 – 1943 ) . Far right . The Duke was a supporter of several far right - wing causes . He was a member of the Anglo - German Fellowship from 1935 and served as President of the Liberty Restoration League , which was described by Inspector Pavey ( an ex - Scotland Yard detective employed by the Board of Deputies of British Jews to infiltrate the far right ) as being anti - semitic . When Archibald Maule Ramsay formed the ' Right Club ' in 1939 , Wellington chaired its early meetings . Ramsay , describing the Right Club , boasted that " The main objective was to oppose and expose the activities of organised Jewry . " On the day that World War II broke out , The Duke of Wellington was quoted as blaming the conflict on " anti - appeasers and the fucking Jews " .
USS Suwanee ( 1864 ) The first USS " Suwanee " was a 3rd - rate gunboat commissioned by the Union Navy in its struggle against the Confederate States of America in the American Civil War . Commissioned late in the war , " Suwanee " spent several weeks searching for the Confederate raider CSS " Shenandoah " without success . " Suwanee " was eventually wrecked off British Columbia in 1868 . Construction and design . " Suwanee " — a double - ended , iron - hulled , sidewheel - propelled gunboat — was built for the U . S . Navy by Reaney , Son & Archbold of Chester , Pennsylvania . She was 255 feet in length , with a beam of 35 feet , draft of 9 feet , hold depth of 12 feet and displacement of 1 , 030 tons . " Suwanee " was powered by a 58 inch bore , 8 - foot 9 - inch stroke , inclined , direct - acting steam engine , fitted with a surface condenser . Steam was supplied by four boilers : two main boilers of the horizontal , tubular type , and two superheated . The ship was also rigged as a two - masted schooner for auxiliary sail power . Total cost of the vessel was $ 171 , 000 . " Suwanee " was launched on 13 March 1864 , delivered to the Navy at the Philadelphia Navy Yard on 14 December , and commissioned on 23 January 1865 , Comdr . Paul Shirley in command . Service history . Ordered to the Pacific Ocean , the new double - ender departed Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , at dawn on 17 February 1865 and proceeded via New York City down the Atlantic coast of the Americas looking for Confederate commerce raiders , especially for CSS " Shenandoah " , which had been plaguing Northern shipping . She then steamed up the Pacific coast and arrived at Acapulco , Mexico , where she joined the Pacific Squadron on 30 July . The side - wheeler was promptly ordered to sea in quest of " Shenandoah " . After the Southern cruiser " Shenandoah " surrendered at Liverpool , England , late in the year , " Suwanee " cruised along the Pacific coast from Mexico to Canada . On 9 July 1868 , " Suwanee " was wrecked in Shadwell Passage , Queen Charlotte Sound , British Columbia .
USS Nanshan ( AG - 3 ) USS " Nanshan " ( AG - 3 ) was a collier in the service of the United States Navy . " Nanshan " was launched in 1896 by Grangemouth Dockyard Company , Grangemouth , Scotland for merchant service as a collier in the Far East ; purchased at Hong Kong on 6 April 1898 from Frank Smythe ; and placed in service the same day , Captain E . H . Stovell of the British Marine Service in command . Service history . Acquired by the Navy as a supply ship for Commodore George Dewey ' s Asiatic Squadron , " Nanshan " sailed from Hong Kong on 24 April 1898 with the squadron , remaining outside the harbor during the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May . She coaled Dewey ' s victorious ships until Manila was occupied on 13 August , and continued to serve in the Philippines and on the China Station . Aside from a brief period out of service at Cavite Navy Yard for upkeep from 29 March 1906 – 1 February 1907 , " Nanshan " served in the Far East until 10 May 1913 , when she returned to San Francisco to coal ships along the coasts of California , Mexico , and South America . Placed out of service at Mare Island Naval Shipyard on 31 March 1914 for repairs , " Nanshan " was placed in full commission on 1 August with her first Navy crew . Supply missions ranging from Alaska to Hawaii continued until 1 February 1918 , when she sailed for Hampton Roads , Virginia , via the Panama Canal . This cargo trip ended with her return to Mare Island on 16 May when she resumed her usual operations , which included in July 1919 an emergency mission to Kodiak , Alaska and the Pribilof Islands bringing badly needed food . From 5 December 1919 – 3 December 1921 , " Nanshan " served as a target repair ship . She decommissioned at Mare Island on 18 January 1922 and was sold on 29 July to John A . Bercovich Co . In Chinese , " " Nanshan " " means " south mountain " and refers to a small group of mountains in Kwangtung Province . The ship retained her former name in naval service .
Siege of Montevideo ( 1823 ) The Siege of Montevideo occurred during the Brazilian War of Independence , during which the Brazilian Army under Carlos Frederico Lecor attempted to capture the city of Montevideo in Cisplatine ( now Uruguay ) from the Portuguese Army of Álvaro da Costa de Sousa Macedo . The siege lasted from 20 January 1823 until 8 March 1824 when the Portuguese surrendered to the Brazilian forces . The naval defeat in the Battle of Montevideo ( 1823 ) also contributed to hasten the surrender of the Portuguese troops . The event marked the end of the resistance against independence of Brazil in its territory .
James B . Busey IV Admiral James Buchanan Busey IV ( born October 7 , 1932 ) is a retired United States Navy four star admiral . He served as Vice Chief of Naval Operations ( VCNO ) , from 1985 to 1987 and as Commander in Chief , U . S . Naval Forces Europe / Commander in Chief , Allied Forces Southern Europe ( CINCUSNAVEUR / CINCSOUTH ) from 1987 to 1989 . Early years . James Buchanan Busey IV was born on October 7 , 1932 in the city of Peoria , Illinois . In January 1952 , Busey entered the U . S . Navy and attended the basic training at Boot Camp of Naval Station Great Lakes , Illinois . In March 1953 , Busey was chosen to Aviation Cadet Training Program at Pensacola , Florida . During the years 1967 , Busey served at various Naval posts , including Naval Air Station Cecil Field or Naval Air Station Jacksonville . In July 1964 , Busey attended the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey , California and earned there his BS and MBA degrees . Vietnam War . In January 1967 , Busey was transferred to the U . S . Attack Squadron 163 ( " " Saints " " ) and served as a pilot in Vietnam War . During the combats near Hanoi , North Vietnam , Busey commanded the group of six aircraft with the task of bombing the Hanoi thermal power plant . Despite the damage of the Busey´s aircraft by North Vietnamese Anti - Aircraft guns , he regained the control of his plane and continued in his mission . Busey destroyed the target and returned to USS Oriskany . For this action , Busey received the Navy Cross . His other decorations from Vietnam War , including Legion of Merit with " V " Device , three Distinguished Flying Crosses , Air Medal or Bronze Star Medal with " V " Device . Retirement . After retiring from the navy , he served as the chief administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration from 1989 to 1991 . He then served as United States Deputy Secretary of Transportation from 1991 to 1992 . Afterwards , he became a board member at Curtiss - Wright until 2008 .
28th ( North Gloucestershire ) Regiment of Foot The 28th ( North Gloucestershire ) Regiment of Foot was a British infantry regiment from 1782 to 1881 . For their conduct at the Battle of Alexandria in 1801 the 28th were given the unique honour of wearing a badge on both the front and rear of their head dress . This commemorated a possibly unique feat , when , drawn up in two ranks to repel a French infantry attack , they were simultaneously attacked from the rear by French cavalry . The rear rank simply turned round and both attacks were repelled . They served throughout the Peninsula War including the battles of Talavera , Albuhera and Vittoria . They were one of the few Peninsula veteran regiments which was available for the Hundred Days campaign and fought in the battles of Quatre Bras and Waterloo as part of the 8th Brigade commanded by James Kempt . Because of their actions in this campaign , they earned distinguished mention in the dispatches of the Duke of Wellington . During the hundred days the 28th continued to wear the old style stovepipe shako , distinguishing them from most British regiments that had adopted the new Belgic shako . From 1751 to 1782 they were the 28th Regiment of Foot , and in 1881 they merged with the 61st ( South Gloucestershire ) Regiment of Foot to form the Gloucestershire Regiment . The 28th Regiment were the subject of a famous oil painting on canvas from 1875 by Elizabeth Thompson ( Lady Butler ) , portraying the regiment in action at Quatre Bras . Archive material of the 28th Regiment of Foot is held by " The Soldiers of Gloucestershire Museum " in the Historic Docks Gloucester . Battle honours . Battle Honour s :
Albert D . Sturtevant Albert Dillon Sturtevant ( 2 May 1894 – 15 February 1918 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during World War I . Sturtevant was born in Washington , D . C . . On 24 March 1917 , he and 28 others enlisted in the Naval Reserve Forces as the First Yale Unit . Two days later , they were all commissioned ensigns . After flight training in Florida , he was designated a naval aviator on 1 May 1917 and , in September , he received orders for overseas duty . Ensign Sturtevant reported to the group attached to the Royal Flying Corps station at Felixstowe , England , in October . Sturtevant ' s duties consisted of flying escort for merchantmen crossing the North Sea . On 15 February 1918 , while flying an escort mission with another plane of his unit , the two aircraft were attacked by a flight of 10 German fighters . Sturtevant ' s companion recognized the hopelessness of the 5 - to - 1 odds and escaped to safety , but Sturtevant gamely fought it out with the enemy . When last seen , Ensign Sturtevant was hit and crippled , his aircraft falling toward the sea . For his heroic actions , he was awarded the Navy Cross posthumously . Legacy . Two ships , the USS Sturtevant ( DD - 240 ) , a " Clemson " - class destroyer , commissioned in 1920 and sunk by enemy action in April 1942 , and the USS Sturtevant ( DE - 239 ) , an " Edsall " - class destroyer escort , active between 1943 and 1960 , have been named after him .
Howth Castle Howth Castle lies close to the village of Howth , Fingal County in Ireland . It is the ancestral home of the line of the St Lawrence family ( see : Earl of Howth ) that died out in 1909 . From 1425 to 1767 the title had been Lord Howth , holding the area since the Norman invasion of 1180 . It is now held by their heirs , the Gaisford St . Lawrence family . History . Since 1180 the St . Lawrence family have been the Lords of Howth . Howth Castle has stood on its present site for over seven hundred years , the original one , a timber structure , having been sited on Tower Hill , overlooking Balscadden Bay . The current building is not the original castle , which was on the high slopes by the village and the sea . The great English architect Sir Edwin Lutyens restyled a 14th - century castle built here , overlooking Dublin Bay . Legend . A popular legend about the Castle concerns an incident that apparently occurred in 1576 . During a trip from Dublin , the pirate Gráinne O ' Malley attempted to pay a courtesy visit to the 8th Baron Howth . However , she was informed that the family was at dinner and the castle gates were closed against her . In retaliation , she abducted the grandson and heir , the 10th Baron . He was eventually released when a promise was given to keep the gates open to unexpected visitors , and to set an extra place at every meal . At Howth Castle today , this agreement is still honoured by the descendants of the Baron . Use in Film . Castle Howth was depicted as the fictitous " Castle Haloran " from the 1963 Roger Corman and Francis Ford Coppola b - film Dementia 13 ( aka " The Haunted and the Hunted " ) where it was the setting of numerous scenes . Grounds . In 1892 Rosa Mulholland referred to the grounds thus : “ Back on the lower land you must visit the ancient demesne of the Earl of Howth , where a quaint old castle stands in a prim garden with swan - inhabited pond , and plashing fountain , encircled by dark beautiful woods full of lofty cathedral - like aisles , moss carpeted , and echoing with the cawing of rooks . ” ( Mulholland 1892 : 35 ) In recent years , the 17th classical landscape was totally obliterated to make for a golf course . The grounds are noted for the wild rhododendron gardens , which are open to the public in summer and some of the oldest , planted in 1710 , beech hedges . The castle itself is not open to the public . The " Kitchen in the Castle Cookery School " is based in the restored Georgian kitchens of Howth Castle . The National Transport Museum of Ireland is located in the grounds of the castle . It features lorries , trucks , fire engines and tractors . Also exhibited is the restored Hill of Howth No . 9 Tram . Also on the grounds are the Deer Park Hotel and its associated golf courses . Literary references . The locale of James Joyce ' s 1939 novel Finnegans Wake is " Howth Castle and Environs , " which is taken to mean Dublin . The initials HCE appear in many contexts in the novel , not least in the name of its presumed main character , Humphrey Chimpden Earwicker .