naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Samyukta Electronic Warfare System Samyukta is a mobile integrated electronic warfare system . Touted to be the largest Electronic Warfare System in India , it was developed jointly by DRDO , Bharat Electronics Limited , Electronics Corporation of India Limited , Corps of Signals of Indian Army . The System is fully mobile and is meant for tactical battlefield use . It covers wide range of frequencies and coverage of Electromagnetic spectrum is handled by the communication segment and the non - communication segment . Its functions include various ELINT , COMINT and Electronic Attack ( ECM ) activities Description . Each System operates on 145 ground mobile vehicles which has three communication and two non - communication segments and can cover an area of 150 km by 70 km . System has capability for surveillance , analysis , interception , Direction finding , and position fixing , listing , prioritising and jamming of all communication and radar signals from HF to MMW . Development . According to V . K . Aatre , the then Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister Stressing the need of indigenous development in the field of electronic warfare systems , Dr . Abdul Kalam said The development of the system was led by Defence Electronics Research Laboratory , Bharat Electronics Limited , Electronics Corporation of India Limited , Corps of Signals of Indian Army and private companies like CMC and Tata Power Company Ltd . Strategic Electronics Division ( TataPowerSED ) . Around 40 companies also contributed by producing various components indigenously . Dr Aatre said that the challenge was to tackle the Sanctions imposed by United States after 1998 nuclear tests conducted by India which banned the import of advanced electronic components . CMC and TataPowerSED jointly developed Command and Control Software having 10 million lines of code even though project was not attractive commercially .
Jesper Mattson Cruus af Edeby Jesper Mattson Cruus af Edeby ( 1576 – 1622 ) was a Swedish soldier and politician , being appointed Privy Councilor in 1612 , Field Marshal in 1615 , Lord High Treasurer in 1615 , and Governor of Riga in 1621 . In the Kalmar War ( 1611 – 1613 ) he led the Swedish troops to victory against the Danish forces , led by King Christian IV of Denmark , at the Battle of Kölleryd , on February 21 , 1612 . In 1622 he died in Riga after being wounded in a dispute with a local clergyman .
Robert Eichert Robert Eichert ( 14 June 1914 – 23 September 1944 ) was a highly decorated Leutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Cullen A . Battle Cullen Andrews Battle ( June 1 , 1829 – April 8 , 1905 ) was an American attorney , politician , and general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Early life and career . Cullen Battle was a native of Powelton , Hancock County , Georgia . He later worked as a lawyer in Alabama . He was extremely active in local politics and held a position as lieutenant colonel of the local militia . Civil War service . When the Civil War began , he was appointed as major of the 3rd Alabama Infantry on April 28 , 1861 , and was sent with the regiment to Norfolk , Virginia . On July 31 , he was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the regiment . He fought at the Battle of Seven Pines and was promoted to colonel on May 31 , 1862 . He missed the Seven Days Battles , but returned to the army in time for the Maryland Campaign , in September 1862 , fighting at the battles of South Mountain and Antietam . He was injured after falling from his horse just before the Chancellorsville Campaign and was forced to relinquish command . Although he re - assumed command just a day later , his injuries were aggravated when his horse jumped a ditch , forcing him to turn over command again . Battle returned to the regiment for the Gettysburg Campaign . The 3rd Alabama was one of the regiments in Edward O ' Neal ' s Brigade , fighting on Oak Ridge on July 1 . After O ' Neal ' s Brigade had been terribly disorganized by the first day of battle , Colonel Battle attached his regiment to Brig . Gen . Stephen D . Ramseur ' s brigade for the remainder of the battle . General Robert E . Lee became displeased with O ' Neal ' s performance and relieved him of command , putting Battle in his place . Battle subsequently led the brigade in the Mine Run Campaign and the Bristoe Campaign in the autumn and early winter . In 1864 , Battle led his men in the battles of the Wilderness , Spotsylvania Court House , North Anna , and Cold Harbor . Later that year , Battle ' s Brigade became part of Lt . gen . Jubal A . Early ' s Army of the Valley and participated in the Battle of Monocacy in Maryland and the Battle of Fort Stevens on the outskirts of Washington , D . C . Back in the Shenandoah Valley , Battle fought at the Third Battle of Winchester , the Battle of Fisher ' s Hill , and was wounded at the Battle of Cedar Creek . His wound did not permit him to return to duty before the close of hostilities . Postbellum career . After the war , Battle returned to the practice of law . He was denied a seat in Congress and instead became mayor of New Bern , North Carolina , where he also became a newspaper editor . Battle died in Greensboro , North Carolina , in the spring of 1905 . His manuscript on the " Third Alabama Infantry " was not published in his lifetime ; the original is now in the collection of the Alabama Department of Archives and History .
Ethie Castle Ethie Castle is a 14th Century castle , situated around 3 miles north of the fishing town of Arbroath in Angus , Scotland . Ethie Castle dates to around 1300 , when the monks at nearby Arbroath Abbey built a sandstone keep . The castle passed through the hands of the de Maxwell family and into the ownership of Scotland ' s last Cardinal , David Beaton who was murdered in St . Andrews in 1546 . Its association with Cardinal Beaton is still evident as the castle includes a small chapel and the Cardinal ' s Sitting Room , with its secret staircase to the Great Hall above . The castle was purchased in 1665 by the Carnegie family , who later became the Earls of Northesk . The 7th Earl was a Vice Admiral and commanded with Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 . As a tribute , the Earl was entitled to incorporate Trafalgar in his arms and this can still be seen set in a dormer at Ethie . In 1928 it was bought by William Cunningham Hector . The castle is reputed to be the basis for the fictional Castle of Knockwhinnock in Sir Walter Scott ' s novel " The Antiquary " . Sir Walter Scott was a close friend of William Carnegie , 8th Earl of Northesk and frequently stayed at Ethie Castle . The castle was restored by the chief of the Forsyth Clan , Alistair Forsyth and it now serves as the clan ' s seat . The castle is presently owned , however , by the de Morgan family and has been converted for use as a hotel . Ghosts . The castle is said to be haunted by a Grey Lady spectre as well as by David Beaton who was Abbot of Arbroath in the 16th Century .
Hikanatoi The Hikanatoi ( , " the Able Ones " ) , sometimes Latinized as Hicanati , were one of the Byzantine " tagmata " , the elite guard units based near the imperial capital of Constantinople . Founded in the early 9th century , it survived until the late 11th century . History . The exact date of the unit ' s establishment is uncertain : the " Vita Ignatii " , an hagiographic account of the life of Patriarch Ignatius of Constantinople , records that the unit was said to have been established circa 809 by Emperor Nikephoros I ( r . 802 – 811 ) , and this date is generally accepted ; sigillographic evidence , however , is vague , and could support a late 8th - century establishment . According to the " Vita " , Niketas , the grandson of Nikephoros and future patriarch Ignatius , was appointed as its first commander . The unit is well - attested in the 9th through 10th centuries , but evidence becomes unclear in the 11th century , when the term " Hikanatoi " may have been used as a family name rather than a unit title . At any rate , the unit , like most of the " tagmata " , ceased to exist sometime in the latter half of the 11th century . Structure . The " Hikanatoi " were apparently modelled on the " tagma " of the " Vigla " , and headed by a " domestikos " ( Greek : , " domestikos tōn Ikanatōn " ) , usually with the court rank of " prōtospatharios " . His chief subordinate was the " topotērētēs " ( " lieutenant " ) , likewise of " prōtospatharios " rank , while the rest of the unit ' s officials were below the rank of " spatharios " . Following the pattern of the " Vigla " , there were a " chartoularios " ( financial official ) , a number of " komētes " ( " counts " ) and their subordinate " kentarchoi " commanding the " banda " into which the unit was divided , a " prōtomandatōr " ( head messenger ) , and three classes of standard - bearers : the " bandophoroi " , " sēmeiophoroi " and " doukiniatores " . As with the other " tagmata " , the exact size of the unit and its subdivisions is a matter of debate , since it is chiefly based on Arab accounts , whose accuracy and veracity is open to question . Warren Treadgold , who accepts the Arab figures as accurate , considers the " tagmata " to have had a standard size of 4 , 000 men each , while John Haldon , who considers their numbers inflated , considers a total of 4 , 000 for all " tagmata " more plausible . The lists of the Cretan expedition of 949 , included in the " De Ceremoniis " of Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos ( r . 913 – 959 ) , include mention of 456 " Hikanatoi " , but it is unclear what part of the unit ' s strength they represent .
Ignacio de la Llave Ignacio de la Llave y Segura Zevallos ( August 26 , 1818 – 1863 ) was a general and the governor of the Mexican state of Veracruz from 1861 to 1862 . He was born in Orizaba , Veracruz , a nephew of Dr . Pablo de la Llave . He participated in the Mexican - American War , in the 1851 revolution against Santa Anna , in the Reform War ( against the conservatives ) , and on the nationalist side against the emperor Maximilian of Mexico . He died as a result of battle injuries sustained in 1863 . Honors . There is a municipality of Ignacio de la Llave in Veracruz state , named after him ; prior to 1932 , it was known as San Cristóbal de la Llave . Also , in his honor , Veracruz state was known as Veracruz - Llave from 1863 to 2004 , and since 2004 has been officially known as Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave .
USS Araner ( IX - 57 ) USS " Araner " was a wooden - hulled auxiliary ketch built in 1926 at Essex , Massachusetts by the Arthur D . Story Shipyards and acquired by motion picture director John Ford in June 1934 . Originally named " Faith " , she was refurbished , and renamed " Araner " in honor of the Aran Islands , whence his wife ' s family had come . During the 1930s , the yacht served as a place where Ford could escape the bustle of Hollywood in the company of friends . The film director was appointed a Lieutenant Commander in the United States Naval Reserve in September 1934 and , according to one of his biographers , used " Araner " off Baja California for intelligence - gathering operations . In 1940 , the commandant of the 11th Naval District commended Ford for his " … initiative in securing valuable information … " on that region . After he was recalled to active duty in the summer of 1941 however , Ford had little use for his yacht . Shortly thereafter , America ' s entry into World War II in December 1941 prompted the US Navy to acquire many private vessels and " Araner " was among them , for local patrol duties . Taken over on a bareboat charter on 27 January 1942 , " Araner " was delivered to the US Navy at the section base at San Diego , California . Classified as a miscellaneous auxiliary and given the designation IX - 57 , she was placed in service on 26 February 1942 . Assigned initially to the 11th Naval District and then , on 23 July 1942 , to the Western Sea Frontier , the ketch operated out of San Diego , under sail power for much of the time , patrolling off Guadalupe and San Clemente Islands . Transferred back to the 11th Naval District forces upon completion of her duties under the Commander , Western Sea Frontier , " Araner " was laid up at the Naval Frontier Base San Diego on 1 May 1944 ; and her crew transferred to YAG - 6 . Delivered to Mrs . John Ford on 12 July 1944 , " Araner " was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 14 October 1944 . Ford continued to use the yacht until her rising operating expenses prompted him to sell her circa 1971 . Acquired by Fran M . Dimond , of Honolulu , the craft retained her name into 1974 , when she was bought by the San Marino Travel Service . Still homeported at Honolulu , she was given back her original name , " Faith " in , or about , 1975 . Renamed again , to " Windjammer " , a short time later , she was acquired by the Guam Rent - a - Car Company and served as a tourist - carrying craft into the early 1980s .
Chapel of the Centurion The Chapel of the Centurion is the oldest continually used wooden military structure for religious services in the United States . It is located inside Fort Monroe , a former military installation located in Hampton , Virginia . The Chapel is named for Cornelius the Centurion , who is believed to be the first Gentile to convert to Christianity . History . Construction of the chapel began in 1856 and it was consecrated on May 3 , 1858 . It was designed by noted architect , Richard Upjohn , in the Carpenter Gothic style . Current . Fort Monroe is no longer an active Army post . The Chapel had an active congregation and it is likely that activities will continued relatively unchanged after the Fort ' s closing . It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011 .
Gloucester Castle Gloucester Castle was a castle in the cathedral city of Gloucester in the county of Gloucestershire . Early Norman Motte & Bailey Castle . Probably constructed by Roger de Pitres , who was also the first Norman Sheriff of Gloucester . It began as a simple motte and bailey castle during the reign of William the Conqueror when 16 houses were demolished to make way for it . It was enlarged by William Rufus who demolished 8 more houses . It was placed in the custody of the sheriff of the county , Roger of Gloucester . Improvements . Before 1112 Walter de Gloucester built a new castle west of Barbican hill on a former garden of Gloucester Abbey , overlooking the River Severn . The hereditary sheriffs of Gloucester held Gloucester castle until 1155 and later it was retained by the Crown . King ' s Residence . It was further extended by Henry I and Henry II . More improvements and some repairs were carried out by Henry III , these improvements including a bridge across the River Severn leading to a barbican in the outer wall . Henry III often used it as a residence , and it played an important role in the barons ' war when it was besieged twice in 1264 - 5 . Part of the castle had been being used as a gaol by 1185 and it was probably then the official county gaol , as it certainly was by 1228 , and Eleanor of Brittany , cousin of the king with a better claim to the throne according to primogeniture and thus becoming a state prisoner , had been briefly imprisoned there , and its prisoners once had to be transferred to accommodate her . More work was done on the castle during the reigns of Edward I , Edward II and Edward III . Decline . The defences were kept in full repair until the mid 15th century . It is likely that in the reign of Richard III the castle ceased to be maintained as a fortress , continuing in use only as the county gaol . Much of the stonework of the castle was taken to construct roads and other buildings and by the mid 17th century all the buildings around the curtain wall had apparently gone , leaving only the keep , used as the gaol , and the main gatehouse standing . Gaol . In time the keep was considered to be unsuitable for use as a gaol and its demolition began in 1787 . The new gaol was finished in 1791 leaving no visible remains of the castle .
Prince Rivers Prince Rivers ( 1824 – 1887 ) was a corporal and later sergeant in the 1st South Carolina Volunteers , a Union regiment in the American Civil War . Born into slavery in Beaufort , South Carolina , Rivers worked on a plantation as a coachman . He escaped from slavery by stealing the plantation owner ' s horse , riding through the Confederate lines to the town of Edgefield , in order to enlist in the Union Army as a volunteer in 1862 . Along with Robert Sutton , he became a non - commissioned officer in the newly formed 1st South Carolina Volunteers . His commanding officer , Thomas Wentworth Higginson , wished to promote him to commissioned officer but was prevented by his superiors from doing so because of Rivers ' race . Higginson said of Rivers , " No anti - slavery novel has described a man of such marked ability . He makes Toussaint perfectly intelligible ; and if there should ever be a black monarchy in South Carolina , he will be its king . " The 1st South Carolina Volunteers and other African - American soldiers were promised the same pay as other soldiers in writing , yet were paid less than half that pay by the U . S . government , until June 1864 when an Act of Congress granted them retroactive equal pay . After the war , Rivers became a legislator and trial judge , closely involved with Reconstruction politics . He was registrar for Edgefield County , South Carolina in 1867 . In the South Carolina Constitutional Convention of 1868 , he was the representative for Edgefield . After a redistricting in 1872 , Rivers was the representative for Aiken County . In 1876 , Prince Rivers was the judge in a hearing which was related to the Hamburg Massacre . Rivers became a target of the Red Shirts , a white Southern paramilitary organization . Though he tried to persuade the local black militia to give up their weapons , and the white militia to back down from open violence during the events that led to the Hamburg Massacre , his efforts failed and seven people died in the Massacre . His home was burned and property stolen or destroyed by the Red Shirts . He subsequently worked as a house painter and coachman until his death .
Baynard Castle , Cottingham Baynard Castle was a moated castle built in the 12th and 13th centuries in the village of Cottingham , East Riding of Yorkshire , England . It was referred to by terms including the ' castle at Cottingham ' or ' Stuteville ' s castle ' , the term " Baynard Castle " is common in 19th - century references and later . Description . The castle earthworks were rectangular in shape , with a bank and ditch , enclosing approximately , a second line of ditch fortifications protected the northern half of the castle . A keep is postulated to have been in the north - east corner , and the current ( 2012 ) entrance to the site in the south - east quadrant is though to relate to the original entrance . History . References to a manor house at the castle site in Cottingham date to as early as the 1170s ; in 1200 William de Stutville entertained King John I in Cottingham , receiving permission for a market and to strengthen the castle at Cottingham ; in 1201 a licence to fortify was issued to enclose and fortify the site . By 1272 a moat had been built and a boundary wall and double ditch were noted in 1282 . The male line of the de Stutevilles ended in 1233 , and the castle was acquired by the " le Wake " family . Edward I stayed at the castle during Christmas 1299 . In 1327 a second licence to crenellate was issued to Thomas Wake , but by the time of his death in 1349 the manor house was said to have fallen into decay . After Thomas Wake ' s death ownership of the castle passed via his sister Margaret Wake to the Earles of Kent ( and Barons Holand ) . In 1365 the manor began to be repaired and the construction of a gate was ordered . The manor of Cottingham was split between three daughters in 1407 , after which the castle appears to have fallen out of use , though the gatehouse was rebuilt in 1500 / 1 . John Leland noted farmhouses built within the former castle ' s bounds in his 1538 itinerary , by 1590 the castle was described by William Camden as a ruin . Manor House . A legend exists relating to an earlier manor , supposedly destroyed on the orders of its owner in 1541 , who , expecting a visit from King Henry VIII , and fearing the possibility of the King ' s amorous attentions towards his own wife , not least the effect on his own well - being , ordered the house set fire to , so that he could avoid the monarch ' s visit . The current Old Manor House ( also known as " Sarum Manor " . ) is located in the southern half of the castle , outside the second ditch , and is thought to date to the 16th century , with 20th - century additions and alternations . The building is a two - storey timber framed building . It is a grade II listed building . Present day . The use of the term " Baynard Castle " is recorded as early as the 19th century . The site of the castle is a scheduled ancient monument ( since 1949 ) . In addition to the Old Manor House , two other buildings are listed buildings on the castle site , a coach house and associated stable , and ' The White House ' , both two - storey brick buildings dating to the 18th century located on the path leading to the castle site .
6th Canadian Infantry Brigade As part of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division mobilization started on 1 September 1939 , even before the declaration of war , and the battalions were promptly fleshed out by volunteers . However , further expansion was hindered by a temporary halt in recruitment and uncertainty about overseas deployment . Consequently , divisional and brigade headquarters were not actually formed until May and June 1940 . Dieppe , Operation Jubilee . Operation Jubilee was a large - scale raid on Dieppe , France in August 1942 carried out by the 4th and 6th Canadian Infantry Brigades , and support for British Commandos suffering extensive losses in the landing and the ensuing withdrawal . The objective was to seize and hold a major port for a short period , both to prove it was possible and to gather intelligence from prisoners and captured materials while assessing the German responses . The raid was also intended to use air power to draw the " Luftwaffe " into a large , planned encounter . No major objectives of the raid were accomplished . 3 , 623 of the 6 , 086 men who made it ashore were either killed , wounded , or captured . The Allied air forces failed to lure the " Luftwaffe " into open battle , and lost 119 planes , while the Royal Navy suffered 555 casualties . The catastrophe at Dieppe later influenced Allied preparations for Operation Torch and Operation Overlord . Because of heavy casualties most of the brigades regiments had to go through substiantial reconstruction throughout 1943 before seeing further action . Normandy . The Brigade did not participate in the D Day landings , but arrived in Normandy later that month and was involved in the operations to capture Caen . After the breakout from Normandy , " ' 6th Canadian Infantry Brigade " and 2nd Canadian Infantry Division captured Dieppe . Then they were involved in operations to clear the Rhine approaches and then cross the river and engagements in the forest of the Reichswald , and the towns of Xanten and Groningen . They ended the war in Hanover , Germany .