naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
46th Infantry Regiment ( United States ) The 46th Infantry Regiment ( " The Professionals " ) is a unit in the United States Army that served in WWII and Vietnam . History . During World War II , the 46th Infantry Regiment was assigned to the 5th Armored Division . Landing at Normandy in 1944 , the 46th Infantry led the 5th Armored Division in five campaigns earning the nickname “ Victory ’ s Spearpoint ” . For their repeated courage under fire , the 2nd Battalion , 46th Infantry , was awarded two Presidential Unit Citation s , the French Croix de Guerre , and the Luxembourg Croix de Guerre , those nation ’ s highest awards for gallantry in action . During the Vietnam War , the 1st Battalion , 46th Infantry and the 5th Battalion , 46th Infantry were part of the Americal Division . Both initially deployed to Vietnam with the 198th Infantry Brigade from Fort Hood , Texas . But the 1 - 46th was placed under operational control of the 196th Infantry Brigade ( Light ) and later became fully a part of the 196th Brigade . Though the 5 - 46th left Vietnam when the Americal Division cased its colors in the fall of 1971 , the 1 - 46th deployed to Da Nang with the rest of the 196th . The 1 - 46th left Vietnam in June 1972 . The 2nd Battalion , 46th Infantry , was a garrison unit in Europe until September 1972 , when it was deactivated . In October 1987 , the 2nd Battalion , 46th Infantry , was reactivated at Fort Knox , Kentucky as a Basic Training battalion , ( assets derived from the 13th training battalion ) , charged with providing the force with disciplined , highly motivated and physically conditioned soldiers . Note : the entire 4th Training brigade during this time consisted of the 1st , 2nd , 3rd , and 4th battalions of the 46th Infantry . Later the 3rd and 4th deactivated leaving only the 1st Battalion ( " Lead to Victory " ) and the 2nd Battalion ( " The Professionals " ) as the last two basic training battalions on Ft . Knox . In 2011 , 1st Battalion became part of the 192d Infantry Brigade at Fort Benning , Georgia , where it continued to service as a basic training battalion . A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 5 / 32 inches ( 2 . 94 cm ) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned : Azure , in pale a mullet and a flaming torch Or . On a canton Argent a Roman numeral “ X ” of the first superimposed on a Roman sword in scabbard palewise point down Or . This Regiment was organized in 1917 at Fort Benjamin Harrison , Indiana , from the 10th Infantry . The field is blue , the Infantry color . The charge , a gold torch and star , is taken from the flag of the State of Indiana , while the badge of the 10th Infantry is shown on the canton . The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 46th Armored Infantry Regiment on 24 February 1942 . It was redesignated for the 46th Armored Infantry Battalion on 30 November 1943 . The insignia was redesignated for the 46th Infantry Regiment on 2 January 1959 . In popular culture . Tim O ' Brien described his tour in Vietnam with the regiment ' s Alpha Company , 5th Battalion in his book If I Die in a Combat Zone , Box Me Up and Ship Me Home .
2nd Louisiana Regiment Native Guard Infantry The 2nd Louisiana Regiment Native Guard Infantry was a regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Native Guard . The Regiment was organized in New Orleans , Louisiana in October , 1862 , and assigned to the defenses of New Orleans to December 1862 . It operated in Louisiana until January 1863 when the it was sent to Ship Island , Mississippi . " Corps d ' Afrique " . The designation of the Regiment was changed to " 2nd Regiment , Corps d ' Afrique " on June 6 , 1863 and was on garrison duty at Ship Island from June 1863 , to April 1864 . 74th United States Colored Troops . The Regiment designation was changed to 74th United States Colored Troops on April 4 , 1864 and was attached to defenses of New Orleans until October , 1864 . The regiment participated in an expedition from Fort Pike to Pearl River September 9 – 12 , 1864 and detachments on an expedition from Fort Pike to Bayou Bonforica January 31 - February 1 , 1865 and from Fort Pike to Bayou St . Louis March 28 – 30 . The Regiment remained on garrison at Ship Island and mustered out on October 11 , 1865 .
SS Crown Arun Crown Arun was a 2 , 372 GRT cargo ship which was built by Actien - Gesellschaft „ Neptun “ Schiffswerft und Maschinenfabrik , Rostock as Hannah Böge . She was captured at sea on 3 September 1939 and declared a war prize . Taken into service by the British Government , " Crown Arun " was torpedo ed and sunk by on 17 September 1940 . History . " Hannah Böge " was built for " Reederei Johann M . K . Blumenthal " , Hamburg . She was yard number 477 , and was completed in March 1938 . Her port of registry was Hamburg . On 26 August 1939 , " Hannah Böge " departed Shediac , New Brunswick , bound for Germany . On 1 September 1939 , Germany invaded Poland , starting the western portion of the Second World War . As a result , on 3 September , the United Kingdom declared war on Germany . Later that same day , " Hannah Böge " was intercepted by , becoming the first British war prize taken at sea . Her location was . She was carrying a cargo of wood pulp . At the time of her capture , the crew were trying to disguise " Hannah Böge " although she was still flying the German flag . She was escorted to Kirkwall , Orkney Islands , where she arrived on 5 September . After she was declared a prize of war , " Hannah Böge " was renamed " Crown Arun " and taken into service . Ownership was assigned to the Ministry of Shipping and she was placed under the management of Christian Salvesen Ltd , of Leith . Her port of registry was changed to London . " Crown Arun " was a member of a number of convoys . Convoy ON 14 departed the Methil Roads on 17 February 1940 bound for Norway . It diverted to Kirkwall on 18 February owing to a lack of cover . This was to be supplied by , and . The convoy departed Kirkwall on 20 February and arrived in Norway on 22 February . Convoy OB 151 departed Liverpool on 21 May and dispersed at sea on 22 May . " Crown Arun " was carrying a cargo of coal from Glasgow to Montreal . Convoy HX 71 departed Halifax , Nova Scotia , on 5 September and arrived at Liverpool on 20 September . Convoy SHX 71 departed Sydney , Nova Scotia , on 6 September and was to join HX 71 at sea . " Crown Arun " was part of this convoy . SHX 71 joined with HX 71 by midday on 8 September , although " Crown Arun " was straggling behind by this time . " Crown Arun " was carrying a cargo of 2 , 800 tons of pit prop s from Gaspé , Quebec , destined for Hull . At 08 : 32 German time ( 07 : 32 British Time ) on 17 September , " Crown Arun " was torpedoed north of Rockall ( ) by under the command of Otto Kretschmer . She was finished off by gunfire . The 25 crew were rescued by and landed at Liverpool . Description and propulsion . The ship was a 2 , 372 GRT cargo ship . She was long , with a beam of and a depth of . She was powered by a 4 - cylinder compound steam engine which had two cylinders of 14 inches ( 370 mm ) and two cylinders of diameter by stroke , giving her a speed of . Official Number and code letters . Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers . " Hannah Böge " used the Code Letters DJVX . " Crown Arun " had the UK Official Number 167367 and used the Code Letters GBJK .
Wilhelm Kühne ( aviator ) " Offizierstellvertreter " ( Officer candidate ) Wilhelm Kühne was a World War I flying ace credited with seven confirmed aerial victories and five unconfirmed ones . Biography . See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Wilhelm Kühne was born on 11 December 1888 , though his birthplace is unknown . On 13 October 1909 , he began his military service in Fusilier Regiment No . 10 of the German Army . In late 1913 , he transferred to aviation service . At some point , he trained as a pilot , as he flew for " Flieger - Abteilung " ( Flier Detachment ) 14 . He then attended the " Jastaschule " ( Fighter School ) in Warsaw to convert to piloting single seat fighters . On 15 February 1917 , he was posted to " Jagdstaffel 29 " as a fighter pilot . He staked his first victory claim there , for 12 May 1917 , but it was unconfirmed . In January 1918 , he was transferred to " Jagdstaffel 15 " . On 20 March , he moved to " Jagdstaffel 18 " when the two fighter squadrons swapped pilots . Five days later , he scored his first confirmed aerial victory . He continued to score and submit claims , but several of his claims were awarded to other pilots under the German confirmation system . By 28 August 1918 , he was credited with seven confirmed victories , with six more denied . On 30 August 1918 , he engaged Airco DH . 4 s from No . 55 Squadron RAF of the Independent Air Force and was killed in action . By the time of his death , he had won both classes of the Iron Cross and been credited with destroying four enemy observation balloons and three enemy airplanes . However , he had not been commissioned .
Boeing XPB The Boeing XPB ( company Model 50 ) was an American twin - engined biplane long - range patrol flying boat of the 1920s . A single example was built for the United States Navy . Design and development . In September 1924 , the Naval Aircraft Factory was tasked with designing a long - range twin - engined flying boat , capable of flying the 2 , 400 mi ( 3 , 860 km ) between San Francisco and Hawaii . The initial design was carried out by Isaac Laddon , an employee of Consolidated Aircraft , and then passed to Boeing for detailed design and construction . The new flying boat , the Boeing Model 50 , was a two - bay biplane of very streamlined design for flying boats of the time . The wings were of metal construction , with wooden wingtips and leading edges . The fuselage had a metal lower part , with the upper half made of laminated wooden frames with a wood veneer covering . Two 800 hp ( 600 kW ) Packard 2A - 2500 V12 engines driving four - bladed propellers were mounted in tandem between the wings above the fuselage . Operational history . The Boeing Model 50 , designated XPB - 1 by the US Navy , made its maiden flight in August 1925 . It was intended to use it to lead a pair of Naval Aircraft Factory PN - 9 s in an attempt to fly to Hawaii on 31 August 1925 , but engine trouble led to its participation in the flight being cancelled . In 1928 , the aircraft was modified by the Naval Aircraft Factory , its Packard engines were replaced by two 800 hp ( 600 kW ) geared Pratt & Whitney R - 1860 Hornet radial engines , leading to the new designation XPB - 2 .
Charles Ward ( VC ) Charles Burley Ward VC ( 10 July 1877 – 30 December 1921 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Ward was 22 years old , and a private in the 2nd Battalion , The King ' s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry , British Army during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC : Further information . Ward was the last winner of the VC to be decorated by Queen Victoria and later achieved the rank of company sergeant - major . Born in Leeds , Yorkshire , he died at Bridgend , Glamorgan and is buried in St Mary ' s Churchyard , Cardiff . A ( silent ) movie interview with Pte Ward following his award of the VC was filmed by the Lancashire cinematographers Sagar Mitchell and James Kenyon ; sealed in steel barrels after their company went out of business in the 1920s , the 800 films of their archive were discovered during demolition work in 1994 , and have now been restored by the British Film Institute . The original film can be viewed here : http : / / www . youtube . com / watch ? v = fueiGbS2z5c
Department of the Army Superior Civilian Service Award The Superior Civilian Service Award is the third highest award of the Department of the Army Honorary Awards for Department of the Army Employees . It consists of a medal , lapel pin , and certificate . It is granted by any commander Brigadier General and above , or civilian equivalent . Criteria . Nominations for this award reflect superior service , achievement , or heroism of a lesser degree than that recognized by the Meritorious Civilian Service Award . Employees who have shown excellent performance through the previous receipt of honorary or monetary performance awards , can be considered for this award . Eligibility is determined by measuring contributions against the following example levels of achievement : Description . The medal of the award is a bronze disc 32 mm in diameter . On the obverse is the central portion of the Department of the Army Seal encircled by the words , in relief , “ SUPERIOR CIVILIAN SERVICE ” . The edge is encircled by a laurel wreath . The reverse contains the inscription “ DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY ” arching along the upper edge , while the lower edge contains a laurel wreath , extending up to the inscription . The medal is suspended from a crimson ribbon 35 mm in width with four thin white stripes in the center .
E Battery Royal Horse Artillery E Battery Royal Horse Artillery are a Close Support Battery of 1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery They are currently based in Assaye Barracks in Tidworth Current Role . E Battery are currently a Close Support Battery and use the AS - 90 Self - propelled artillery Guns . Recent and Current Conflicts . Afghanistan . 2009 - E Battery deployed as part of OP Herrick 11
Truman O . Olson Truman O . Olson ( October 13 , 1917 – January 31 , 1944 ) was a United States Army sergeant who was posthumously awarded the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions in World War II . Olson was born on October 13 , 1917 , in Christiana , Wisconsin , and enlisted in the army from nearby Cambridge in June 1942 . He was sent to Europe in 1943 and by January 30 of the next year was serving in Italy as a sergeant in Company B of the 7th Infantry Regiment , 3rd Infantry Division . On that day , near Cisterna di Littoria , he participated in the Battle of Cisterna . After a day of fighting which resulted in heavy casualties , what remained of his company dug in for the night , with Olson and his gun crew manning a light machine gun in defense of their position . During the night , his entire gun crew was killed or wounded and Olson himself was wounded in the arm . Despite this , he remained at his post and manned the gun alone for the rest of the night . At daybreak on January 31 , the German forces launched an intense assault on the company ' s position and Olson was severely wounded . Knowing that his machine gun was Company B ' s only effective defense , he refused evacuation and continued to fire on the attacking soldiers for an hour and a half until succumbing to his wounds . For these actions , he was awarded the Medal of Honor a year later , on January 24 , 1945 . Aged 26 at his death , Olson was buried in West Koshkonong Lutheran Church Cemetery in Stoughton , Wisconsin . Medal of Honor citation . Olson ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty . Sgt . Olson , a light machine gunner , elected to sacrifice his life to save his company from annihilation . On the night of 30 January 1944 , after a 16 - hour assault on entrenched enemy positions in the course of which over one - third of Company B became casualties , the survivors dug in behind a horseshoe elevation , placing Sgt . Olson and his crew , with the 1 available machinegun , forward of their lines and in an exposed position to bear the brunt of the expected German counterattack . Although he had been fighting without respite , Sgt . Olson stuck grimly to his post all night while his guncrew was cut down , 1 by 1 , by accurate and overwhelming enemy fire . Weary from over 24 hours of continuous battle and suffering from an arm wound , received during the night engagement , Sgt . Olson manned his gun alone , meeting the full force of an all - out enemy assault by approximately 200 men supported by mortar and machinegun fire which the Germans launched at daybreak on the morning of 31 January . After 30 minutes of fighting , Sgt . Olson was mortally wounded , yet , knowing that only his weapons stood between his company and complete destruction , he refused evacuation . For an hour and a half after receiving his second and fatal wound he continued to fire his machinegun , killing at least 20 of the enemy , wounding many more , and forcing the assaulting German elements to withdraw .
John Francis Buckley John Francis Buckley ( born : November 26 , 1891 Butte , Montana - died : November 27 , 1931 ) was a barrister , soldier , and Canadian federal politician . Buckley served in World War I with the Princess Patricia ' s Canadian Light Infantry from 1915 to 1918 . Buckley ran for the Canadian House of Commons and was elected in the 1930 Canadian federal election . He defeated Incumbent Donald Ferdinand Kellner in a close 3 way race . Buckley died a year into his term , on November 27 , 1931 .
Mykola Yunakiv Mykola Yunakiv ( ) ( December 6 , 1871 Chuhuiv , Kharkov Governorate – August 1 , 1931 Tarnów , Poland ) was a Ukrainian general , military pedagogue . He was a general in the army of the Russian Empire and the Ukrainian People ' s Republic . Yunakiv finished the Nicholas General Staff Academy in Saint Petersburg ( 1894 – 1897 ) . In 1910 he defended his dissertation on the " Swedish campaign in Ukraine 1708 - 09 " and year later became a professor of a military history . In 1914 Yunakiv was pressured to resign after his implementation of teaching reforms found no support in the academy . During the World War I Yunakiv was appointed as a chief of staff serving for the Russian 4th Army and later a commander of the 8th Army fighting on the Romanian Front . In a critical period in the history of the Ukrainian People ' s Republic in December 1917 he joined the Ukrainian military administration as a head of the education department . Only in August 1919 he was appointed as a chief of joint stuff for the both Ukrainian armies during the counter advance onto Kiev and Odessa . On October 10 , 1919 Yunakiv was promoted to Major General and during the following year briefly served as a minister of defense and a head of the Supreme Military Council of Ukraine . Later he emigrated to Poland where he was a member of the Ukrainian Military History Society and the editorial collective of Za derzhavnist ’ .
58th Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 58th Brigade was a formation of British Army . It was part of the new army also known as Kitchener ' s Army . It was assigned to the 19th ( Western ) Division and served on the Western Front during the First World War . Formation . The infantry battalions did not all serve at once , but all were assigned to the brigade during the war .
Gallager carbine The Gallager carbine is an American black powder breechloading rifle produced in the American Civil War . The weapon was designed by Mahlon J . Gallager , who licenced the design to Richardson and Overman of Philadelphia for production . On 31 August 1861 the first weapons were sold to the Army . The Gallager was loaded from the rear with brass case s , which contained the projectile and the propellant , and ( like the concurrent muzzleloader s , such as the Springfield ) were ignited by percussion cap , which was placed on the bolt face . The brass cases had a paper patch in the base , to prevent powder seepage and still allow the cap to fire the round . The weapon was caliber with a barrel . The rifle was strongly made , but unpopular with troops . Frequently , the cases stuck and had to be laboriously removed . A total of 17 , 782 were sold to the U . S . Army .
Air Force Historical Research Agency The Air Force Historical Research Agency is the repository for United States Air Force historical document s . The Agency ' s collection , begun during World War II in Washington , D . C . , moved in 1949 to Maxwell Air Force Base , the site of Air University , to provide research facilities for professional military education students , the faculty , visiting scholars , and the general public .
Stony Brook Air Force Station Stony Brook Air Force Station is a former Air Force Station that operated from the 1950s until 1972 . It is located in Ludlow , Massachusetts , adjacent to Westover Joint Air Reserve Base . Between 1954 and 1962 Stony Brook AFS was an Operational Storage Site for Air Materiel Command ( AMC - OSS ) , one of five in the United States , and the nuclear weapons storage and maintenance facility for Westover Air Force Base alert aircraft . In July 1962 it was transferred to the operational control of the Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) . Reuse . Today , the site is the home of the Massachusetts Municipal Wholesale Electric Company ( MMWEC ) , Hampden County Jail and other local businesses .
Furir Furir ( from French fourrier means the person responsible for the feeding ) is a Swedish military rank above Korpral and below Sergeant awarded after completing 11 months of level 8 conscript training . Level 8 means that the holder has received some basic leadership training at team leader level . Riflemen , MP men and deputy team - leaders ( 5 men ) of cavalry and riflemen at the Nordic Battle Group typically have this rank [ ref : K3 , K3 , K1 , NBG ] . Other holders of the rank are the deputy team - leaders of the Home Guard . In Sweden , the rank corresponds to Lance Corporal in the USMC and the British Army . In January 2009 , holders of the rank were elevated to Sergeant and the rank ceased to exist . History and related ranks . Origin 1600 . The responsibility of a furir was to arrange for housing as well as the distribution of food in a Company . 1833 / 37 . The rank becomes the lowest underofficers rank . 1875 . Holders of the rank Furir were elevated to Sergeant and the rank was removed . 1914 . The rank was reintroduced , not categorized as underofficer , but as a rank for senior squad leaders and instructors . 1944 . Establishment of the rank Överfurir above Furir . Removed 1983 as a professional rank . 2009 . The rank was removed . Reform 1972 - Rank inflation phase I . Prior to 1972 , military personnel were divided into three categories " Underbefäl " ( non - commissioned officers ) , " Underofficerare " ( warrant officers ) and " Officerare " ( commissioned officers ) . The reform established a four - career - path system with four categories as described below and carried out major promotions of most personnel below the rank Överstelöjtnant . The " Underbefäl " category was split into two categories The " Underofficer " category was renamed kompaniofficerare to include The " Officer " category was renamed regementsofficerare to include Reform 1983 - Rank inflation phase II . All categories were merged into one professional officer category with the lowest rank set to fänrik . Furir , överfurir , sergeant and fanjunkare were removed as a professional ranks . Holders of the rank fanjunkare were promoted to löjtnant and the rest to fänrik .