naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
No . 608 Squadron RAF No . 608 ( North Riding ) Squadron was an Auxiliary Air Force squadron of the Royal Air Force during World War II . It flew during its existence as a bomber , fighter and reconnaissance unit and was the only RAF squadron to be equipped with the unsuccessful Blackburn Botha torpedo bomber . History . Formation and early years : Wapitis and Demons . No . 608 Squadron was formed at Thornaby - on - Tees , North Yorkshire as No . 608 County of York ( North Riding ) Squadron , on 17 March 1930 as a day bomber squadron within the Auxiliary Air Force . Its initial equipment was the Avro 504 N and Westland Wapiti , which the squadron flew until they were replaced with Hawker Demon fighters in January 1937 , when the squadrons role was changed to that of a fighter squadron . In May 1937 the name of the squadron was changed to No . 608 ( North Riding ) Squadron . Shortly before the second world war broke out , on 20 March 1939 , the squadrons role was changed yet again , now into that of a general reconnaissance unit flying under RAF Coastal Command and they were re - equipped for that role with Avro Anson s . World War II . Reconnaissance with Ansons , Bothas , Blenheims and Hudsons . So the squadron started its role in World War II flying the Anson and in June 1940 began to re - equip with the Blackburn Botha torpedo bomber . These were found to be unsatisfactory however and by December 1940 the squadron only had its old Ansons on strength . These soldiered on till February 1941 , when Bristol Blenheim Mk . IVs arrived , soon to be replaced with Lockheed Hudson s , which the squadron flew from bases in Scotland , North Africa and Italy until 31 July 1944 , when it was disbanded for the first time at Pomigliano , Italy . Pathfinding with Mosquitos . The squadron was reformed on 1 August 1944 at RAF Downham Market , Norfolk as a Mosquito squadron in No 8 ( Pathfinder ) Group s Light Night Striking Force . It continued to fly in this role , carrying out night attacks on Germany , until disbanding on 28 August 1945 at Downham Market . Post - war reformation : Mosquitos , Spitfires and Vampires . No . 608 squadron was reformed on 10 May 1946 at Thornaby in its original role as a light bomber squadron in the Royal Auxiliary Air Force . It had however no operational aircraft before being redesignated as a night fighter unit in July 1947 , when it received Mosquito NF . 30 s . These were flown until the squadron changed role yet again , this time to that of a day fighter squadron , receiving Spitfire F . 22 s in May 1948 . From December 1949 these were gradually replaced with de Havilland Vampire s , which the squadron flew until , along with all the flying units of the RAuxAF , it was disbanded on 10 March 1957 .
Thomas Reeves ( VC ) Thomas Reeves VC ( 1828 – 4 August 1862 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Reeves was approximately 26 years old , and a seaman in the Royal Navy serving with the Naval Brigade during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC : On 5 November 1854 at the Battle of Inkerman , Crimean Peninsula , when the Right Lancaster Battery was attacked and many of the soldiers were wounded , Seaman Reeves , with two other seamen ( James Gorman and Mark Scholefield ) and two others who were killed during the action , mounted the defence work banquette and , under withering attack from the enemy , kept up a rapid , repulsing fire . Their muskets were re - loaded for them by the wounded soldiers under the parapet and eventually the enemy fell back and gave no more trouble . He later achieved the rank of captain of the foretop . His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery at the Imperial War Museum , London .
HMS Orlando ( 1886 ) HMS " Orlando " was the lead ship of the " Orlando " - class of first - class cruiser s built in the yards of Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company , Jarrow and launched on 3 August 1886 . She was commanded by Charles Ramsay Arbuthnot on the Australia Station from 1892 to 1895 . In 1899 she was assigned to the China Station . During the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 , sailors from HMS " Orlando " formed part of the force led by Vice - Admiral Sir Edward Seymour attempting to relieve the British Legation in Beijing . A replica of a bell captured from the Taku Forts forms part of a memorial to HMS " Orlando " in Victoria Park , Portsmouth . HMS " Orlando " was sold for scrapping on 11 July 1905 to Ward of Morecambe for £10 , 000 .
Hvalur 9 RE399 Hvalur 9 RE399 is an Icelandic whaling ship built in 1952 in Norway . It has been a part of the Icelandic whaling fleet operated and owned by the company Hvalur h / f since 1966 . In 1973 she was requisitioned by the Icelandic Coast Guard , repainted , renamed " Týr " and armed with a 57 mm gun and subsequently used to cut the fishing gear from foreign fishing vessels fishing illegally ( according to Icelandic law ) in a newly claimed fishery zone during the Second Cod War . During her service in the Coast Guard she was usually nicknamed " Hval - Týr " to differentiate from previously commissioned patrol vessels of the same name . Between 1987 and 2006 , while commercial whaling ceased in Iceland , the ship remained unused at pier but the recommencement of whaling in Iceland brought it back into action .
Alexander McKinstry Alexander McKinstry ( March 7 , 1822 – October 9 , 1879 ) was the third Lieutenant Governor of Alabama . A Republican , McKinstry served under Governor David P . Lewis of the same political party from 1872 - 1874 . A native of Augusta , Georgia , McKinstry moved to Mobile , Alabama , to live with relatives at the age of fourteen . Working odd jobs , McKinstry began reading law while working in the office of John A . Campbell , who would later serve as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1853 - 1861 . Soon after , McKinstry was admitted to the bar and began practicing law in Mobile County . Two years later , in 1847 , McKinstry was elected colonel of the 48th Alabama Infantry Regiment , 9th Brigade , 4th Division of the State militia . After serving for three years , McKinstry resigned , returned to Mobile , and served as a judge for the city until 1860 . Over the next few years , McKinstry would serve several positions in the military , including serving as colonel of the 32nd Regiment Alabama Infantry during the American Civil War , returning to his law practice in 1864 . The following year , in 1865 , McKinstry expanded his legal career into politics . He was elected to the Alabama legislature and served as the chairman of the Alabama judiciary committee . He served in this capacity until his election as the third Lieutenant Governor of Alabama in 1872 .
Henry Clay , Jr . Henry Clay , Jr . ( April 10 , 1811 – February 23 , 1847 ) was an American politician and soldier from Kentucky , the third son of US Senator and Congressman Henry Clay and Lucretia Hart Clay . He was elected to the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1835 and served one term . A graduate of West Point , he served in the Mexican - American War and was killed in 1847 at the Battle of Buena Vista . Early life and education . Born on his family ' s estate of Ashland , in Lexington , Henry , Jr . was the older brother of James Brown Clay and John Morrison Clay , the only sons surviving at the time of their father ' s death . He had six sisters , all of whom died before their father . After graduating from Transylvania University in 1828 , Clay gained an appointment to the U . S . Military Academy at West Point . He graduated in 1831 ( 2nd of his class ) , and served as a second lieutenant in the artillery for a few months before resigning . Returning to Kentucky , he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1833 . Marriage and family . In 1832 , Henry Clay , Jr . married Julia Prather ( 1814 – 1840 ) , with whom he had five children . Their daughter Anne Brown Clay ( 1837 – 1917 ) married Major Henry Clay McDowell ( 1832 – 1899 ) . In 1883 , they purchased her grandfather ' s Ashland estate from other heirs . Their son , Thomas Clay McDowell , was a major figure in Thoroughbred horse racing in Kentucky . He was a breeder , owner , and horse trainer , who won the 1902 Kentucky Derby with Alan - a - Dale . Career . After starting his law career , in 1835 Clay was elected as a member of the $ 3 , serving a two - year term to 1837 . Mexican - American War . When the Mexican - American War threatened , Clay raised a regiment , the 2nd Kentucky Volunteers . He was commissioned as a lieutenant colonel and led his regiment in support of Zachary Taylor ' s invasion force in 1846 . Clay was killed in action while leading a charge of his regiment in the Battle of Buena Vista on February 23 , 1847 . His body was transported to Kentucky and interred in Frankfort Cemetery in Frankfort . Legacy and honors . Clay County , Iowa is named in his honor .
Vicente Almeida d ' Eça Vice - Admiral Vicente Manuel de Moura Coutinho de Almeida d ' Eça ( born July 31 , 1918 ) was the last Governor , then High Commissioner of Portuguese Cape Verde from 1974 to its 1975 independence from Portugal . d ' Eça joined the Portuguese Navy in 1936 as a Cadet and graduated from the Naval Academy 3 years later as an Ensign . His course ' s patron was Henry the Navigator and this was the first course to attend classes at the new Naval Academy in Alfeite . He was one of the last aviators of the Portuguese Navy and throughout his career he served the Navy in many important and distinguished assignments . Rescues . At least twice in his career Almeida d ' Eça saved drowning victims . In 1938 while still a cadet he saved a woman who was trying to commit suicide in the Tagus River . In 1944 he rescued a Seaman from drowning in Ponta Delgada / The Azores . External links . Gold Medal for Distinguished Services
No . 304 Polish Bomber Squadron No . 304 ( Land of Silesia ) Polish Bomber Squadron ( ) was a Polish World War II bomber unit . It fought alongside the Royal Air Force under their operational Command and operated from airbases in the United Kingdom , serving as a bomber unit in RAF Bomber Command , as an anti - submarine unit in RAF Coastal Command and as a transport unit in RAF Transport Command . History . 304 Squadron was created on 22 August 1940 and was declared ready for operations with Vickers Wellington medium bombers on 25 April 1941 . On 7 May 1942 it was transferred to RAF Coastal Command along with the Wellingtons . Its last mission was on 30 May 1945 , looking out for possible German submarines that would not surrender . On June 14 , 1945 it was transferred to Transport Command , operating scheduled services with Warwick C . 3s to Greece and Italy , but after April 1946 the Polish squadrons were restricted to flights within the UK . In May the squadron converted to Halifax Mk C . 8 unarmed transports and was disbanded a few months later on 18 December 1946 . No . 304 Squadron plane sunk German submarine U - 321 .
Bendix AN / FPS - 18 Radar The AN / FPS - 18 was a medium - range search Radar used by the United States Air Force Air Defense Command . This medium - range search radar was designed and built by Bendix as a SAGE system gap - filler radar to provide low - altitude coverage . Operating in the S - band at a frequency between 2700 and 2900 MHz , the AN / FPS - 18 could detect at a range of 65 miles . The system was deployed in the late 1950s and 1960s at unmanned radar facilities ( called " Gap Fillers " ) designed to fill the low - altitude gaps between manned long - range radar stations . Gaps in coverage existed due to the curvature of the earth , mountains , hills , valleys , rivers , and so forth . The typical unmanned gap - filler radar annex consisted of a small L - shaped cinder - block building , with the radar equipment and the data - transmission equipment in one section and one or more diesel generators in the other section . These unmanned gap - filler sites generally had a three - legged radar tower about 85 feet tall where the AN / FPS - 18 Radar was mounted inside a radome .
Caterpillar D7 The Caterpillar D7 is a medium bulldozer manufactured by Caterpillar Inc . . The first D7 appeared in 1938 . The D7C came next in 1955 . The D7D came in 1959 . The 160 hp D7E in 1961 . The 180 hp D7F 1969 . The 200 hp D7G in 1974 . The 215 hp in 1986 . The D7H was the first D7 to come with the exclusive elevated drive sprocket undercarriage . The D7R replaced the D7H in 1996 with the current D7R Series 2 replacing that . In March 2008 , at Conexpo 2008 held every 3 years in Las Vegas , Caterpillar introduced the D7E . This 235 hp D7E comes with an electric drive system powered by a 537cid C9 . 3 diesel engine . The C9 . 3 powers a generator that turns out electricity that will supply power to a pair of AC drive motors . Compared to the Caterpillar D7R Series II , the D7E is projected to deliver 25 percent more material moved per gallon of fuel , 10 percent greater productivity and 10 percent lower lifetime operating costs . The D7R Series II at 240 hp power and an operating weight of 25 tons , is in the middle of Caterpillar ' s track - type tractors , which range in size from the D3 57 kW ( 77 hp ) , 7 t ( 8 short tons ) , to the D11 698 kW ( 935 hp ) , 112 t ( 124 short tons ) . It is primarily used to move material short distances or through challenging terrain . The vehicle is powerful , yet small and light 16 to 20 t ( 18 to 23 short tons ) depending on configuration ) . This makes it ideal for working on very steep slopes , in forests , and for backfilling pipelines safely without risking damage to the pipe . An agricultural version without the blade and ripper s is commonly used by farmers . The US Army used armored D7G to clear mine field s and unarmored D7G and D7H for earthworks . The armor was developed by the Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) . Later , the US Army developed a remote control led version of the D7G for mine - clearing applications . The United States Marine Corps has replaced its fleet of D7Gs with John Deere ' s 850J MCT in 2009 The Egyptian Army operates an unknown number of armoured D7R II . The current model is the D7R Series 2 Track - Type Tractor and will be replaced by the D7E in early 2009 . Dozer blades . The dozer blade on front of the tractor usually comes in 4 varieties : Various other blade types are used including landfill U - Blades , woodchip U - blades , and two - way blades for work inside the holds of ships .
Robert Humpston Robert Humpston VC ( 1832 – 22 December 1884 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Humpston was about 23 years old , and a private in the 2nd Battalion , The Rifle Brigade ( Prince Consort ' s Own ) , British Army during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 22 April 1855 in the Crimea Private Humpston and Private Joseph Bradshaw , on their own , attacked and captured a Russia n rifle pit situated among the rocks overhanging the Woronzoff Road . The pit was occupied every night by the Russians and its capture and subsequent destruction was of great importance . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum at Winchester in England . Following his death in 1884 Robert Humpston was buried in a pauper ' s grave . In September 2007 , following a two year campaign to raise £1 , 200 to get a headstone for Pte Humpston , his grave was dedicated in a ceremony at Nottingham Cemetery .
HMS R10 HMS " R10 " was a British R class submarine built by Armstrong Whitworth . She was laid down on 7 December 1917 and launched on 5 October 1918 . " R10 " was commissioned on 12 April 1919 . She came too late to see any combat in World War I , like most of the other R class submarines . " R10 " was sold on 19 February 1929 to Cashmore , Newport .
Gentleman ranker A Gentleman ranker is an enlisted soldier who may have been a former officer or a gentleman qualified through education and background to be a commissioned officer . Kipling ' s poem , " Gentlemen - Rankers " , and its musical settings . The term appears in several of Rudyard Kipling ' s stories and as the title of a poem he wrote which appeared in " Barrack - Room Ballads , and Other Verses " , first series , published in 1892 . In Kipling ' s poem " Gentlemen - Rankers " , the speaker " sings " : Kipling ' s poem , in translation , was set to music by Edvard Grieg in 1900 ( EG 156 , " Gentlemen - Menige . " ) However , after he had completed it , he received a copy of the English original and was so dismayed by the omission of important passages that he did not publish it ; it was published posthumously in 1991 . The poem was also set to music and sung at Harvard and Yale in the early 1900s . According to Whiffenpoof historian James M . Howard , " . . . this song is known to have been sung at Yale as far back as 1902 . . . Whatever its origins , ' Gentlemen - Rankers ' was frequently sung at Yale in 1907 – 1909 , mostly by the Growlers , ' 08 , with whom it was a favorite . " The words were famously adapted by Meade Minnigerode and George Pomeroy to become " The Whiffenpoof Song " . According to Howard , the musical setting is often attributed to Tod B . Galloway , but is almost certainly the work of a Harvard student named Guy H . Scull , who in turn may have borrowed from a Negro spiritual . Billy Bragg borrows part of this poem in his song " Island Of No Return " : " " Me and the corporal out on the spree , Damned from here to Eternity " " .
Sideboy A sideboy is a member of an even - numbered group of seamen posted in two rows at the quarterdeck when a visiting dignitary boards or leaves the ship , historically to help ( or even hoist ) him aboard , presently as a ceremonial guard of honour , in a ceremony known as " tending the Side " . Sideboys are instructed by the piping of the Boatswain ' s Mate . The Quarterdeck is a ceremonial location on a weatherdeck of the ship , usually at the location of the accommodation ( boarding ) ladder or brow . Since 1843 , United States Navy regulations have stipulated the number of sideboys according to the protocollary importance of the guests , which are similarly entitled to other honors ; viz . , the number of ruffles and flourishes and the number of cannon fired as a salute . Despite the seemingly sex - specific name of this function , in reality the sideboy function may be performed by either male or female members of the ship ' s complement . It is traditional to post sideboys to honor superior officers . Anywhere from two to eight sideboys can be placed ; this depends on the officer ' s rank or paygrade .
Alexander ( satrap ) Alexander ( in Greek Αλέξανδρος ; died 220 BC ) was brother of Molon . On the accession of the Seleucid king Antiochus III , afterwards called the Great , in 223 BC , he entrusted Alexander with the government of the satrapy of Persis and Molon received Media . Antiochus was then only fifteen years of age , and this circumstance together with the fact that Hermeias , a crafty intriguer whom every one had to fear , was all - powerful at his court , induced the two brothers to form the plan of causing the upper satrapies of the kingdom to revolt . It seems to have been the secret wish of Hermeias to see the king involved as many difficulties as possible , and it was on his advice that the war against the rebels was entrusted to men without courage and ability . In 220 BC , however , Antiochus himself undertook the command . Molon was deserted by his troops , and to avoid falling into the hands of the king , put an end to his own life . All the leaders of the rebellion followed his example , and one of them , who escaped to Persis , killed Molon ' s mother and children , persuaded Alexander to put an end to his life , and at last killed himself upon the bodies of his friends .
Tan Chong Tee Tan Chong Tee ( ; 1918 - 24 November 2012 ) was a Singaporean resistance fighter during World War II . Tan was born into a Chinese family with ancestry from Fujian , China , at his family residence along Shrewsbury Road ( in present - day Novena ) in British colonial Singapore . When the Second Sino - Japanese War broke out in 1937 , Tan participated in anti - Japanese activities such as boycotting Japanese goods and fund - raising to support the war effort in China . Tan lost touch with his family in 1942 after the Japanese invaded and occupied Singapore . He then joined Force 136 , a branch of the British military organisation Special Operations Executive , where he met and befriended Lim Bo Seng . Tan took part in Operation Gustavus but was captured in 1944 by the Japanese when the operation failed . He spent the next 18 months in captivity and was subjected to torture by the Japanese , who attempted to force him to reveal the identities of his fellows in Force 136 . He was released after the Japanese surrender in 1945 , which ended the war . Tan ' s elder brother , Tan Chong Mao , and their mother , were killed during the Japanese occupation of Singapore . Tan wrote an autobiography " FORCE 136 : Story Of A WWII Resistance Fighter " ( ISBN 981 - 3029 - 90 - 0 ) , which was translated by Lee Watt Sim and Clara Show , and published in 2001 by Asiapac Books as a comic book .
Henry Blake ( lighthouse keeper ) William Henry Blake ( 1837 – 1871 ) was the first New Dungeness Lighthouse keeper . Blake began his term after the New Dungeness Lighthouse was first lighted on December 14 , 1858 . Blake overcame the loneliness and dreariness associated with the profession of lighthouse keeping , serving for over a decade as the New Dungeness light ' s only attendant . He steadfastly kept the kerosene lantern lighted each night , and tolled the large bell constantly when fog rolled in to warn mariners away from the spit . In 1862 he married Mary Ann McDonnell . Blake is considered to be one of the first and best examples of commitment to mariners ' safety . A little known fact about Blake is how in 1868 he took in and cared for a pregnant Native American woman of the Tsimshian tribe after she and a group of her fellow tribesmen were ambushed by members of the Clallam tribe . Upon depands by the Clallam attackers to give up the pregnant woman , Blake refused . Later the Clallam attackers were punished , and the Tsimshian woman went home . It is said that in 1902 a Native American man came back to the lighthouse , paying his respects after explaining he was the baby inside the woman that night . Blake and Mary Ann McDonnell had five children : Catherine , Richard , Clara , Mary and Hannah . The first three were born in the lighthouse . A USCG coastal buoy tender WLM - 563 based in Everett , Washington is named after him . The USCGC Henry Blake ( WLM - 563 ) honors his commitment to mariner safety in its name and motto , " The Keeper of Tradition . "