naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Carlsten Carlsten is a stone fortress located at Marstrand , on the western coast of Sweden . The fortress was built on the orders of King Carl X of Sweden following the Treaty of Roskilde , 1658 to protect the newly acquired province of Bohuslän from hostile attacks . The site of Marstrand was chosen because of its location and its access to an ice free port . Initially a square stone tower was constructed , but by 1680 it was reconstructed and replaced by a round shaped tower . Successive additions to the fortress were carried out , by the inmates sentenced to hard labor , until 1860 when it was reported finished . Carlsten was exclusively a prison form men : Metta Fock was in 1806 - 1809 the only female prisoner to have been kept here . The fortress was decommissioned as a permanent defense installation in 1882 , but remained in military use until the early 1990s . The fortress was attacked and sieged twice falling into enemy hands . In 1677 it was conquered by Ulrik Frederick Gyldenløve , the Danish military commander in Norway and in 1719 by the Norwegian Vice - Admiral Tordenskjold . At both occasions the fortress was returned to Swedish control through negotiations and treaties .
Dimona Radar Facility The Dimona Radar Facility is a facility near Dimona , Israel consisting of two 400 meter ( 1 , 300 feet ) tall radar towers , designed to track ballistic missiles through space and provide ground - based missiles with the targeting data needed to intercept them . Using AN / TPY - 2 X - band radar , it can detect missiles up to 1 , 500 miles / 2 , 400 kilometers away . The towers are owned and operated by the US military , and provide only second hand intelligence to Israel . The towers of the facility , which are situated at and at , are the tallest towers in Israel , and the tallest used for radar in the world .
Alfred Kirke Ffrench Alfred Kirke Ffrench VC ( 25 February 1835 – 29 December 1872 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Ffrench was twenty - two years old , and a lieutenant in the 53rd Regiment of Foot ( later The King ' s Shropshire Light Infantry ) of the British Army during the Indian Mutiny , when he performed the deed on 16 November 1857 at Lucknow , India for which he was awarded the V . C . : He later reached the rank of captain . Ffrench took ill whilst serving in Bermuda and died in London . The officers of his regiment wore black arm bands upon the notice of his death , following which he was buried at Brompton Cemetery . A memorial tablet to him was also placed in St Chad ' s Church , Shrewsbury . His Victoria Cross is displayed at The King ' s Shropshire Light Infantry Museum in Shrewsbury Castle , Shropshire , England .
SS Malolo SS " Malolo " ( later known as " Matsonia " , " Atlantic " , and " Queen Frederica " ) was an American ocean liner and cruise ship built by William Cramp & Sons , Philadelphia in 1926 for the Matson Line . She was the first of a number of ships designed by William Francis Gibbs for the line , which did much to develop tourism in the Hawaiian Islands . In 1927 Matson commissioned its largest ship yet , the " Malolo " ( flying fish ) for the first - class luxury service between San Francisco , Los Angeles , and Honolulu . The " Malolo " and other Matson liners advertised superb public rooms , spacious cabins , swimming pools , a gymnasium , and a staff , including a hairdresser , to provide a high standard of service . " Malolo " . The " Malolo " introduced improved safety standards which influenced all subsequent American passenger liners . On 25 May 1927 while on her sea trials in the western Atlantic , she collided with the SS " Jacob Christensen " , a Norwegian freighter , with an impact equal to that when struck an iceberg and sank 15 years earlier . " Malolo ' s " advanced watertight compartments allowed her to stay afloat and sail into New York Harbor flooded with over 7 , 000 tons of sea water in her hull . " Matsonia " . In 1937 , Matson docked " Malolo " for a major refit . The lifeboats were moved two decks higher and the deck they vacated was enclosed to create additional berths including new " Lanai Suites " . Existing cabins were greatly upgraded ; the ship changed from a combination of 457 first class and 163 cabin class accommodations to 693 first class only . The transformed ship was rechristened " Matsonia " . " Atlantic " and " Queen Frederica " . After serving as a troop ship during World War II she was sold to Home Lines , which renamed her " Atlantic " and later " Queen Frederica " ( after Queen Frederica of Greece ) before being sold to Chandris Lines . After fifty years of service for several different companies , she was sold to Greek breakers in July 1977 and was towed to the breakers yards at Eleusina , Greece . In February 1978 while her interiors were being demolished she was gutted by fire and work was temporarily halted . Three years later her ravaged hull could still be seen among other ships at the breakers ' yard .
Battle of Krücken The Battle of Krücken was a medieval battle fought in 1249 during the Prussian Crusades between the Teutonic Knights and Prussians , one of the Baltic tribes . In terms of knights killed , it was the fourth largest defeat of the Teutonic Knights in the 13th century . Marshal Heinrich Botel gathered men from Kulm , Elbing , and Balga for an expeditionary attack deeper into Prussia . They traveled into the lands of Natangians and pillaged the region . On their way back they were in turn attacked by an army of Natangians . The Knights retreated to the nearby village of Krücken south of Kreuzburg ( now Kamenka south of Slavskoye ) , where Prussians hesitated to attack . The Prussian army was growing as fresh troops arrived from more distant territories , and the Knights did not have enough supplies to withstand a siege . Therefore the Teutonic Knights bargained for surrender : the marshal and three other knights were to remain as hostages while the others were to lay down their weapons . The Natangians broke the agreement and massacred 54 knights and a number of their followers . Some knights were executed in religious ceremonies or tortured to death . Severed head of Johann , vice - komtur of Balga , was mockingly displayed on a spear . Others were ransomed or exchanged , including Marshal Botel . Such barbarity gave the Knights an excuse not to treat the Prussians as civilized and honorable people . Never again did the Knights surrender to pagans . The Natangians did not exploit their victory and did not make offensive moves into the lands of the Teutonic Knights . It took two years for the crusading military order to recover and avenge the massacre .
20th Space Control Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 20th Space Control Squadron is a space control unit located at Eglin AFB , Florida . Mission . The mission of the 20th Space Control Squadron is to detect , track , identify , and report near earth and deep space objects in earth ' s orbit , and provide space object identification data in support of United States Strategic Command ' s space control mission . History . The personnel of the 20th SPCS operate the Air Force Space Surveillance System and maintain the AN / FPS - 85 radar , the Air Force ' s only phased - array radar dedicated to tracking earth - orbiting objects . The AN / FPS - 85 radar can track approximately 90 percent of all manmade objects in earth orbit . The radar can track near - earth objects the size of a softball moving at and deep space objects the size of a basketball moving at above earth . Located at Site C - 6 on Eglin , the squadron is a geographically separated unit of the 21st Space Wing and the only Air Force Space Command unit on Eglin .
Tank machine gun type 95 / 98 The Type 95 / 98 machine gun was designed by Prototypa , a . s . ( Czech Republic ) . This weapon is intended for the modernized Czech T - 72 tanks . This gun can fire both 7 . 62×51 NATO and 7 . 62×54R ammunition .
Dravo Corporation Dravo Corporation was a shipbuilding company with shipyards in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania and Wilmington , Delaware . It was founded by Frank and Ralph Dravo in Pittsburgh in 1891 . The corporation became " public " issuing stock and listed on the exchange in 1936 and in 1998 was bought out by Carmeuse for $ 192 million ( $ million today ) . On March 5 , 1942 it became the first corporation to receive the Army - Navy " E " Award for outstanding war time production . Dravo ranked 72nd among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts .
18th Army Group 18th Army Group was an Allied formation in the Second World War . It was formed on 20 February 1943 when British Eighth Army advancing from the east and British First Army advancing into Tunisia from the west came close enough to require coordinated command during the Tunisia Campaign . History . 18th Army Group was commanded by General Sir Harold Alexander and came under General Dwight D . Eisenhower , Commander - in - Chief AFHQ . Its principal formations were the Eighth Army , under General Bernard Montgomery and First Army under Lieutenant General Kenneth Anderson . Eighth Army had three British Army corps under its command which contained a variety of forces from the British Empire . They were British X Corps , British XIII Corps and British XXX Corps . They had fought across virtually the whole North African shore to the east of Tunisia after winning a victory at the Second Battle of El Alamein in November 1942 . First Army had four Corps under its command , but the corps themselves were far more varied in national origin . Two were of British origin ; V Corps and IX Corps . The other corps were U . S . II Corps and French XIX Corps . First Army controlled the forces that had landed in Morocco and Algeria in November 1942 in the first of the great Allied amphibious assaults of the war , Operation Torch . 18th Army Group was faced by two German Armies , Panzer Army Afrika under Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel and 5th Panzer Army under Generaloberst Hans - Jürgen von Arnim . The two German commanders disliked each other , and so often strategy was not coordinated . Both First Army and Eighth Army had enjoyed very quick initial success in their campaigns after November 1942 . Once they reached Tunisia two things halted them . One was overextension of lines of communication and the other was the greater concentration of German troops that the smaller defended area produced . 1st Army in particular received stinging blows from Rommel at the Battle of the Kasserine Pass . Rommel ' s veteran formations slammed into II Corps and the green American troops did not perform well . It was only after reinforcements of more experienced troops and quantities of artillery had been rushed in that the situation was stabilised . Following the Kasserine Pass engagement and an Allied consolidation , a fresh attack was launched . First Army lead the main attack , with Eighth Army providing support along the eastern coast of Tunisia . That attack lead eventually in May 1943 to the surrender of Axis forces in Africa . 250 , 000 men were taken prisoner , a number equal to that at Stalingrad . Alexander sent the message , " We are masters of the North African shore . " 18th Army Group was disbanded in Tunisia on 15 May 1943 .
Estonian Legion The Estonian Legion ( , ) was a military unit within the Combat Support Forces of the Waffen SS Verfügungstruppe during World War II , mainly consisting of Estonian soldiers . Creation . The formation was announced on 28 August 1942 by the German occupying powers in Estonia and formally established on October 1 . 1942 . Oberführer Franz Augsberger was nominated to be the commander of the legion and the later 3 Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade . 500 volunteers had appeared and signed up for the Legion by October 13 , 1942 . In the Spring 1943 additional men were drafted from the police forces and the number rose to 1280 . 90 % of the volunteers had lost a relative in the Red Terror during 1940 – 1941 . Units . Battalion Narwa . Battalion Narwa was formed from the first 800 men of the Legion who had finished their training at Dębica ( Heidelager in 1943 ) , and were sent in April 1943 to join the Division Wiking in Ukraine . They replaced the Finnish Volunteer Battalion , recalled to Finland for political reasons . The Battalion Narva was in the focus of the Red Army ' s attack near Izjum , Ukraine . The unit entered the battle with 800 men , and only one third were left able to fight . The Red Army , however , suffered heavier losses as they lost over 7 , 000 men killed and wounded , over 100 tanks were lost . Battalion Narwa participated in the battle of the Korsun - Cherkassy Pocket . Retreating through the escape route called " The Hell ' s Gate " , the battalion came under heavy Soviet fire with little cover . The battalion lost almost all of its equipment during the carnage while most of the troops escaped encirclement . 3rd Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade . In order to recruit more men for the legion , the German Occupying powers turned to forced mobilization in March 1943 by calling up all Estonian men born between 1919 – 1924 . As the result 5 , 300 men were conscripted into the Estonian Legion and 6 , 800 for the support service of the Wehrmacht . Out of the conscripts was formed the second Estonian Regiment and the Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade was established on May 5 , 1943 . Another conscription call was announced in October 1943 for men born in 1925 – 1926 . As the result in order to avoid the draft about 5 , 000 men escaped to Finland . Over half of these men volunteered for service in the Finnish Defence Forces and formed the Finnish Infantry Regiment 200 . The conscripts were included with the Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade that was renamed the 3 Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade on October 22 , 1944 . 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS . By January 1944 the German military situation in the Eastern front had worsened so far that a general conscription call was announced in Estonia on February 1 , 1944 . In the hopes of restoring the independence of Estonia the last prime minister of Republic of Estonia Jüri Uluots gave his support to the draft . As the result about 38 , 000 men were conscripted , the units of Estonian Legion , the Finnish Infantry Regiment 200 were returned to Estonia and were reformed into the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS ( 1st Estonian ) .
Azad Hind Dal The Azad Hind Dal was a branch of the Indian Independence League that was formed during World War II to take administrative control of the Indian territories to fall to the Indian National Army starting with the latter ' s Imphal campaign . The branch was created by Subhas Chandra Bose to replace the Indian Civil Service in areas of British India , and is also thought to have been the nascent concept of a one - party political , bureaucractic and civil administrative system similar to that of the Soviet Union or the Fascist states of the time . During the brief period that Azad Hind was in possession of small Indian territories around Imphal and Kohima during the U Go offensive between April and May 1944 , parties of the Azad Hind Dal were sent along with the INA contingents to take administrative charge and rehabilitation of these areas .
Battle of Bud Bagsak The Battle of Bud Bagsak was a battle during the Moro Rebellion phase of the Philippine – American War fought between June 11 and June 15 , 1913 . The defending Moro resistance fighters were fortified at the top of Mount Bagsak . The attacking Americans were led by General John ' Black Jack ' Pershing . Background . In the first months of 1913 , the Moro ward of Lati , with a population of between 6 , 000 to 10 , 000 , fortified themselves in a cotta in Mt . Bagsak . General John J . Pershing , the U . S . Army commander on the battlefield , opened negotiations and persuaded most of the Moros to leave . 500 holdouts refused to come down . On June 11 , 1913 , Pershing ordered the attack . After reducing outlying cottas , the last holdouts were killed on June 15 . No quarter was given to the wounded and injured . In many other battles in the Morolands , the U . S . Army Colt . 45 caliber pistol was tested and perfected as an effective " man stopper " against the Moro fighters , who often fought with berserker tendencies . Battle . The four - day battle was personally led by U . S . Brigadier General John " Black Jack " J . Pershing of the 8th Infantry and Philippine Scouts against Moro resistance fighters armed mostly with kris , barong s , spear s and few guns . During the battle , Pershing came up to the front line and stood so close to the trench , directing operations - his life was endangered by flying barongs and spears which were being continually hurled from the Moro stronghold . At this point in the battle , Pershing sent American officers into the front lines to lead the attack . After four days , the fort at Bud Bagsak , along with every warrior fell . General Pershing in a letter to his wife , he wrote : " The fighting was the fiercest I have ever seen . . . They are absolutely fearless , and once committed to combat they count death as a mere incident . "
Arthur Gore , 9th Earl of Arran Arthur Colum Michael Connolly - Gore , 9th Earl of Arran ( born 14 July 1938 ) , styled Viscount Sudley before 1983 , is a British peer and an elected hereditary member of the House of Lords for the Conservative Party . Biography . Early life . Lord Arran is the son of Arthur Gore , 8th Earl of Arran and the former Fiona Colquhoun , first daughter of Sir Iain Colquhoun of Luss , 7th Baronet . He was educated at Eton College and Balliol College , Oxford . Career . He served in the Grenadier Guards , gaining the rank of Second Lieutenant . He was the assistant manager of the " Daily Mail " , then assistant general manager of the " Daily Express " and the " Sunday Express " in the 1970s . He has also been a director of Waterstone ' s . He succeeded as 9th Earl of Arran on 23 February 1983 , upon the death of his father . In the Lords , Lord Arran has played an active role for the Conservatives , serving in several junior ministerial roles . In June 2013 , he opposed same - sex marriage , adding , " The Roman empire fell for three reasons . There was the worship of sporting heroes , widespread corruption and the decadence and flaunting of homosexuality . I fear that in this country we aren ’ t too far from being decadent . " Personal life . Arran married Eleanor van Cutsem , grand - daughter of Hugh Fortescue , 5th Earl Fortescue , on 28 September 1974 . His wife was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) in the Queen ' s Birthday Honours 2008 . They have two daughters , Lady Laura Duckworth - Chad and Lady Lucy Fortescue - Gore . In 2004 , Laura married Major James Duckworth - Chad , MVO , former Equerry to The Queen , and now has issue . Since Lord Arran has no sons by his wife , and all other lines of descent from the 4th Earl of Arran have died out , his Heir presumptive is currently a very distant and elderly cousin , descended from the youngest brother of the 4th Earl . Lord and Lady Arran run the Fortescue family ' s stately home , Castle Hill House and gardens in Devon , as a venue for weddings and corporate hospitality . They also let out 50 properties on the 5 , 000 - acre Devon estate .
Fort L ' Huillier Fort L ' Huillier was a short - lived fortification located on the Blue Earth River , just south of its confluence with the Minnesota River in southern Minnesota , United States . It was named in honor of a French chemist L ' Huillier and was built in the fall and winter of 1700 - 01 by Pierre - Charles Le Sueur , a French trader and explorer interested in mining a blue clay that he thought was copper ore . The original garrison held about 20 men . Le Sueur left the fort in 1701 to take two tons of clay to New Orleans for further analysis . While he was gone , however , the fort was apparently attacked and abandoned by 1702 , and no more was heard of the remaining men . In addition , the blue clay was found to be worthless , not the copper ore Le Sueur had hoped . A signpost marks the supposed area of the fort along U . S . Route 169 south of the present city of Mankato , Minnesota ( from " mah kato : " blue earth " in the Sioux language ) .
Secretariat of the Navy ( Mexico ) The Mexican Secretariat of the Navy ( , " SEMAR " ) is a member of the federal executive cabinet with responsibility for managing the country ' s navy and marine forces . The secretary is appointed by the President of the Republic and heads the Secretariat of the Navy ( " Secretaría de Marina " or " SEMAR " ) .
Sylvain Eugène Raynal Sylvain Eugène Raynal , born the at Bordeaux and died the at Boulogne - Billancourt , was a French military officer . Biography . The Fort Vaux was commanded by Raynal who started the war in charge of the " 7th Regiment of Algerians Skirmishers " He was injured in the shoulder by a bullet from a machine gun in September 1914 , and then severely injured in December when his command post was hit by an artillery shell . After ten months in hospital , Raynal came back to the front the 1st of October 1915 , to be again injured in the leg by shrapnel a few days later ; he was then promoted to officer of the Legion d ' Honneur . Not being able to walk properly seemed to end his military career ; however , later in 1916 , the Ministry of War in France decided that officers who could not serve on the front line could instead take command of fortresses and other fortifications . Raynal volunteered himself for the Battle of Verdun , where he was posted commander of the fort Vaux , which would be attacked by the Germans on 2 June 1916 . After being taken prisoner by the Germans at the end of the fight for the fort on 8 June 1916 , Raynal was placed in captivity 11 June 1916 at the Mainz Citadel . He was then moved to Stressbourg on the 5th of November 1917 . He was then interned at Interlaken in Switzerland on 30 March 1918 , but liberated 4 November 1918 . After the first world war , he was the military commander of the village of Mayence . Major Raynal was also filled with strong civic engagement : before the war , he had supported the action of Jaurès and Socialist Party . Near the Commander Rossel Captain Henry Gerard collaborator Jaurès The new Army and Military section of " Humanity " , he was particularly invested in animation the socialist camp " Grand Air " ( See : Gilles Candor and Prochasson " Jaurès and the mid Republican officers ) , Cahiers Jaurès " , " 3 " in 1994 and " the People , 19 June 1916 . References . Translated from fr . wp