naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
9M120 Ataka - V The AT - 9 " Spiral - 2 " is the NATO reporting name for the 9M120 " Ataka - V " SACLOS radio guided anti - tank missile system of the Soviet Union \ Russia . It is the next major generation in the 9K114 Shturm ( AT - 6 Spiral ) family . This system is often confused with the 9K121 Vikhr system . The missile has been designed to defeat tanks with composite armour . Development . The missile was designed by KBM , Kolomna . The missile entered service some time in the 1990s . It was first mentioned in Russian documents around 1992 . It appears to be an evolutionary development of the AT - 6 Spiral system - heavier and faster . Range and accuracy have reportedly been increased as well . The missile has often been confused in the west with the 9A1472 Vikhr dual - purpose laser beam riding missile used on the Kamov helicopters and Sukhoi attack aircraft ( as well as some Ukrainian Mi - 24 / 35 upgrades ) . These systems are completely unrelated in their design and are in fierce competition . Description . The missile is stored in a glass reinforced plastic tube , which also acts as its launcher . The missile is reported to be considerably faster than the AT - 6 Spiral , with slightly longer range than the original version . It still uses radio command guidance , but the system has been improved when compared to the earlier 9K114 Shturm . There are three main missiles which are all compatible with the launch system . The first is a two - stage anti - armour weapon . Second is a missile termed 9M120F which has a thermobaric warhead for use against infantry positions . Finally there is a version with proximity fused expanding rod warhead the 9M220O . This provides the system with a limited air to air capability . The system is carried by the Mil Mi - 28 and Mi - 24V versions . It is also offered in vehicle ( Ataka - T ) and ship launched versions .
William Othello Wilson William Othello Wilson ( September 16 , 1867 – January , 1928 ) was a corporal in the United States Army ' s 9th Cavalry . He is noted for having received the Medal of Honor . Wilson joined the Army from Saint Paul , Minnesota in August 1889 . He earned the Medal of Honor on December 17 , 1891 for " Bravery " voluntarily , for successfully carrying a message to the battalion commander at the Pine Ridge Indian Agency in South Dakota . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , Company I , 9th U . S . Cavalry . Place and date : Sioux Campaign , 1890 . Entered service at : St . Paul , Minn . Birth : Hagerstown , Md . Date of issue : September 17 , 1891 . Citation : Bravery . References .
Standish Vereker , 7th Viscount Gort Standish Robert Gage Prendergast Vereker , 7th Viscount Gort MC ( 1888 – 1975 ) was an Irish peer , connoisseur and collector of fine art , antiques , and objets d ' art , whose seat was at Hamsterley Hall , County Durham . He was appointed High Sheriff of Durham in 1934 . Gort served in the British Army during the First World War , with the rank of lieutenant . He served under his brother John Vereker , 6th Viscount Gort , in the Second World War and was awarded the Military Cross . He bought Bunratty Castle , County Clare , Ireland in 1953 . Encouraged by John Hunt he then set about refurbishing the castle with a large personal antique collection . He put a roof on the castle and generally saved it from ruin . It had not been lived in since the building of Bunratty House ( now an attraction within the folk park ) . The castle later was run by Shannon Development . The castle is today a tourist attraction , with an Irish Victorian - themed folk park which was created around it . It is the most complete and authentically restored and furnished castle in Ireland . The antiques with which Gort filled the castle remain , and visitors to the castle may view them in situ . Gort donated the castle to the Irish people , along with its contents , and the castle and folk park are now run by Shannon Development . Gort is commemorated at the castle by a plaque near the portcullis , and by portraits of him and his wife in the castle . He was succeeded in the title by his first cousin , once removed Colin Vereker .
White armored car The White armored car was a series of armored cars developed by the White Motor Company in Cleveland , Ohio from 1915 . Models . The White Motor Company continued after the First World War to develop armored cars including the M1 Scout Car , M3 Scout Car , M2 Half Track Car , M3 Half - track .
Giuseppe Garibaldi - class cruiser The " Giuseppe Garibaldi " class were a group of armoured cruiser s built in Italy at the end of the nineteenth century . Ten ships were built for both the Regia Marina and for export . Design and history . The design was a private venture by the Italian firm of Gio . Ansaldo & C . , which was hoping to profit from the need for the world ' s navies to modernize towards heavily armoured steam warships . Designed by Edoardo Masdea , the " Garibaldi " - class cruiser was a hybrid between a cruiser and a battleship . With a maximum speed of the design was slightly slower than contemporary cruisers , but was both heavily armed and armoured , in a package with very low displacement and moderate dimensions . The design was so popular that between 1894 and 1902 ten cruisers were purchased by four different countries ; the first five by the Italian Navy , four by the Argentine Navy and one by the Spanish Navy . According to Brassey ' s Naval Annual , Spain was planning to acquire a second " Garibaldi " - class cruiser , to be named " Pedro de Aragon . " These plans were shelved after the Spanish - American War and the subsequent downsizing of the Spanish Armada . Two of the Italian ships ordered in 1902 were sold to the Argentine Navy before completion as the " Mitre " and " Roca " ; they were renamed as the " Rivadavia " and the " Mariano Moreno " . The Argentines in turn sold them to the Imperial Japanese Navy before final completion in 1904 , and they were renamed the and The class was unusual in that they did not have a uniform main armament . Some had single guns in gun turret s fore and aft ; others ( including the " Kasuga " ) had a mixed armament of a single gun in one turret and another turret with twin guns . A third variation ( including the " Nisshin " ) was a uniform armament of four guns , twin gun turrets fore and aft . The Cristobal Colon was fitted with defective 10 inch guns which were removed before it was committed to combat . Therefore , it only went to battle with 10 smokeless powder Armstrong six inch guns mounted in the hull ( 5 on each side ) . Ships . All ships were built by Ansaldo in Genoa , except ARA " San Martin " and ARA " Belgrano " which were subcontracted to Orlando of Livorno Gallery .
47th Sikhs The 47th Sikhs were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1901 , when they were raised as the 47th ( Sikh ) Bengal Infantry . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 47th Sikhs now became the 5th Battalion , 11th Sikh Regiment . The regiment was allocated to the new India on independence .
Royal Marines Division The Royal Marines Division was formed in August 1940 as the British Royal Marines expanded to meet operational demands during the Second World War . The RM Division ' s primary role was to serve as an amphibious warfare formation . It was to be organized on the same lines as an Army division with 3 infantry brigades , an artillery brigade , an engineer battalion , a machine gun battalion , and a ' mobile ' battalion equipped with motorcycles . Operational history . 101 Brigade , supported by 2 battalions from 102 Brigade , went into action at Dakar , Senegal in July 1940 at part of Operation Menace , the unsuccessful attempt by the British and Free French to seize control of the Vichy French port in West Africa . 103 Brigade never reached full strength as its recruits were constantly drafted to provide personnel for the Royal Marines naval base defense forces . The division headquarters participated in the Allied planning for Operation Ironclad ( the capture of Madagascar ) , but the RM division itself was not assigned to the operation as its infantry brigades were understrength and its divisional artillery had not formed . In 1943 , the decision was taken to disband the division and reassign its personnel . Several of the infantry battalions were converted to Royal Marine Commandos and other divisional personnel were assigned as landing craft crews . The division headquarters under Major General Robert Sturges formed the new Headquarters Special Service Group ( Commando ) .
HMCS Chaudiere ( DDE 235 ) HMCS " Chaudiere " ( DDE 235 ) was a that served in the Royal Canadian Navy and later the Canadian Forces from 1959 - 1974 . " Chaudiere " was the second vessel in her class and is the second Canadian naval unit to bear this name . She was laid down on 30 July 1953 at Halifax Shipyards Ltd . , Halifax and launched on 13 November 1957 . She was commissioned into the RCN on 14 November 1959 carrying the pennant number 235 . " Chaudiere " was not selected for the Improved Restigouche ( IRE ) or Destroyer Life Extension ( DELEX ) programs and was instead decommissioned from active service in the CF on 23 May 1974 . She was placed in Category C reserve and in 1988 she reverted to a parts hulk , with part of her bow being used in 1989 to repair her sistership . She was sunk as an artificial reef in Sechelt Inlet , British Columbia in 1992 .
181st Infantry Brigade ( United States ) The 181st Infantry Brigade is an infantry brigade of the United States Army based at Fort McCoy , Wisconsin . As an Active Component / Reserve Component ( AC / RC ) brigade , the unit serves primarily in a training role for other units of the US armed forces . The brigade is subordinate to the First United States Army , headquartered at Rock Island Arsenal , Illinois . It has six prime components . The unit is responsible for training selected United States Army Reserve and Army National Guard units in the Central - Northern United States . The unit was formerly designated as 2nd Brigade , 85th Division . The brigade was redesignated and re - missioned several times : such as in 1999 , when the 181st was merged with the 2nd Brigade , 85th Division and carried that name and lineage . The 181st Infantry Brigade currently falls under the Division West , 1st Army Headquartered at Fort Carson , Colorado . Organization . The unit is currently composed of : History . World War I . During World War I , the 181st Infantry Brigade was constituted 5 August 1917 in Camp Lewis , Washington . The Brigade was composed of the 361st Infantry Regiment , the 362nd Infantry Regiment , and the 347th Machine Gun Battalion . The 181st Infantry Brigade trained for 10 months at Camp Lewis prior to being deployed to France in August 1918 . It was assigned to the 91st Infantry Division . After Meuse - Argonne and the liberation of France , the Brigade was sent to assist the British with quelling the German Army ’ s final gasps at Ypres - Lys until the signing of the Armistice on 11 November 1918 , which ended World War I . After four months of peacekeeping operations in liberated Belgium , the Brigade was sent back to Camp Lewis and demobilized on 30 April 1919 . In 1921 it was reconstituted and placed in the Organized Reserves , again assigned to the 91st Infantry Division . World War II . In July 1944 , during the Arno Campaign of the Second World War , the 91st Reconnaissance Troop spearheaded Task Force Williamson under the command of General E . S . Williamson , Assistant Division Commander for the 91st Division . The 2nd Platoon of the 91st Reconnaissance Troop and the 1st Battalion , 363rd Infantry were the first to enter Leghorn ( Livorno ) on its way to liberating Pisa . Post - War . After VE day , the Brigade was deactivated and reconstituted several times through 1945 as a headquarters and headquarters company and a reconnaissance troop . It was reactivated in 1947 as a mechanized cavalry reconnaissance troop ; redesignated in 1949 as the 91st Reconnaissance Company and reconstituted in 1963 as a headquarters and headquarters company . The 181st Infantry Brigade was reactivated at Fort McCoy , Wisconsin in December 2006 , the brigade trains soldiers , sailors and airmen to support contingency operations in the Global War on Terror .
HMS Crown ( 1782 ) HMS " Crown " was a 64 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 15 March 1782 at Blackwall Yard . She was converted to serve as a prison ship in 1798 , and was broken up in 1816 .
Charles Hadden Major - General Sir Charles Frederick Hadden KCB ( 1854 – 1924 ) is a former Master - General of the Ordnance . Military career . Hadden was commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1873 . He was appointed Chief Inspector at the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich in 1893 and then became a Member of the Ordnance Committee and an Associate Member of Explosives Committee in 1901 . He was made Commandant of the Ordnance College and Director of Artillery in 1904 before moving on to be Master - General of the Ordnance in 1907 . In that capacity he was a member of a special committee set up by Prime Minister Herbert Asquith to exploit aerial construction in 1909 . He was appointed President of Ordnance Board and Royal Artillery Committee in 1913 . He lived at Rothway ( now called " Rossway " ) near Berkhamsted .
HMS Topaze ( 1858 ) HMS " Topaze " was a 24 - gun " Liffey " class wooden screw frigate of the Royal Navy . She was launched on 12 May 1858 , at Devonport Dockyard , Plymouth . Her crew assisted in the building of the Race Rocks Lighthouse in British Columbia , Canada , and laid a bronze tablet in 1863 at the Juan Fernández Islands commemorating the stay of marooned sailor Alexander Selkirk . On the same voyage , the band from HMS " Topaze " played for the dedication of Congregation Emanu - El , now the oldest surviving synagogue building in Canada . The voyage to Easter Island in 1868 saw the crew remove the Moai " Moai Hava " and Hoa Hakananai ' a and ship them to Britain , where Hoa Hakananai ' a can now be seen in the British Museum . " Topaze " was sold on 14 February 1884 and broken up at Charlton .
Thomas Arthur ( VC ) Thomas Arthur VC ( 1835 – 2 March 1902 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was approximately 20 years old , and a gunner and driver in the Royal Regiment of Artillery , British Army during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 7 June 1855 at Sebastopol , Crimea , Gunner Arthur was in charge of the magazine in one of the left advanced batteries of the right attack , when the Quarries were taken . On his own initiative he carried barrels of infantry ammunition for the 7th Fusiliers several times during the evening , across the open . He volunteered for and formed one of the spiking party of artillery at the assault on the Redan on 18 June 1855 and on numerous occasions left the trenches to bring in wounded officers and men . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Artillery Museum " ( Woolwich , England ) " .
Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons The Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons , Protocol IV of the 1980 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons , was issued by the United Nations on 13 October 1995 . It came into force on 30 July 1998 . As of July 2013 , the protocol had been agreed to by 102 states . Text . Article 1 . It is prohibited to employ laser weapons specifically designed , as their sole combat function or as one of their combat functions , to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision , that is to the naked eye or to the eye with corrective eyesight devices . The High Contracting Parties shall not transfer such weapon s to any State or non - State entity . Article 2 . In the employment of laser systems , the High Contracting Parties shall take all feasible precautions to avoid the incidence of permanent blindness to unenhanced vision . Such precautions shall include training of their armed forces and other practical measures . Article 3 . Blinding as an incidental or collateral effect of the legitimate military employment of laser systems , including laser systems used against optical equipment , is not covered by the prohibition of this Protocol . Article 4 . For the purpose of this protocol " permanent blindness " means irreversible and uncorrectable loss of vision which is seriously disabling with no prospect of recovery . Serious disability is equivalent to visual acuity of less than 20 / 200 Snellen measured using both eyes .
Curtis D . Wilbur Curtis Dwight Wilbur ( May 10 , 1867 – September 8 , 1954 ) was born in Iowa . He was appointed to the United States Naval Academy in 1884 . Shortly after graduation , Curtis Wilbur resigned his commission , a common practice at the time , and moved to Riverside , California . He was admitted to the California bar in 1890 and served as Los Angeles Deputy Assistant District Attorney . Curtis Wilbur moved to the Superior Court in 1903 , and finally , in 1918 , to the California Supreme Court where he served as the 19th Chief Justice of California . Curtis Wilbur lived with his wife and children in a grand home completed in 1904 on Frederick Knob in San Francisco . He was born in Boonesboro , Iowa . Biography . On March 19 , 1924 , Curtis Wilbur was sworn in as Secretary of the Navy . The first appointee of President Calvin Coolidge , Curtis Wilbur came into the position with a reputation as a man of high intellect and a character of " unimpeachable integrity . " By the end of his term , Curtis Wilbur had achieved success in enlarging and modernizing the fleet and established a naval air force which would grow to become a potent component in the war with Japan . In the last hours of his presidency , Coolidge nominated Curtis Wilbur to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco . However , when the 70th Congress ended that week , the Senate had not acted on the nomination , so it expired . President Herbert Hoover then resubmitted the nomination to the Senate in the 71st Congress , which approved it . Wilbur served as a judge in active service until 1945 when his senior status began . In the 1930s , one of his children , Dr . Leonard Wilbur , established a mission hospital in the province of northern China now now known as Shanxi . Leonard , his wife ( Jean Spaulding ) and two children ( Ruth and Lyman ) survived invasions by Chinese communist insurgents and Japanese troops . However , on Easter Sunday 1940 , Leonard died in Shanxi of typhus . His wife later gave birth to their third child , Bruce , before departing China for San Francisco . Following retirement , Curtis Wilbur spent time with his wife , the former Olive Doolittle , and their three surviving children ( Edna , Paul and Lyman Dwight ) . He died in 1954 . Legacy . The USS " Curtis Wilbur " was named for him . His brother Ray Lyman Wilbur was United States Secretary of the Interior under Herbert Hoover and a president of Stanford University .
Daniel Ammen Daniel Ammen ( May 15 , 1820 – July 11 , 1898 ) was a U . S . naval officer during the American Civil War and the postbellum period , as well as a prolific author . Biography . Born in Brown County , Ohio , his older brother was Jacob Ammen , who became a brigadier general in the Union Army . They both attended the same school as Ulysses S . Grant , who was best friends with Daniel . As children , Ammen rescued Grant from drowning . Ammen entered the Navy as a midshipman on 7 July 1836 . He served on USS during 1838 . In February , 1852 Ammen was ordered to pick out a new location for the navy yard in California . He arrived in San Francisco around April 30 , 1852 for that purpose . In 1861 – 62 , he commanded the gunboat USS in the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron . His bravery was conspicuous in the Battle of Port Royal , November 7 , 1861 . Later , under Samuel F . Dupont ' s command , he took part in all the operations on the coasts of Georgia and Florida . In the engagements with Fort McAllister , March 3 , 1863 , and with Fort Sumter , April 7 , 1863 , he commanded the monitor USS . In the attacks on Fort Fisher , in December 1864 , and January 1865 , he was commissioned captain of the USS July 26 , 1866 . He was promoted to Rear Admiral in 1877 , and was retired June 4 , 1878 . Two years later , he wrote " The American Inter - Oceanic Ship Canal Question " . Afterwards he was a member of the board to locate the new Naval Observatory , and a representative of the United States at the Interoceanic Ship Canal Congress in Paris . He designed a cask balsa to facilitate the landing of troops and field artillery , a life - raft for steamers , and the steel ram USS in 1893 . His publications include " The Atlantic Coast in The Navy " in the " Civil War Series " ; " Recollections of Grant " ; and " The Old Navy and the New " . He died in Washington , D . C . , and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery . Namesake . Two ships in the United States Navy have been named for him . See also . Famous American Admiral - By : Clark G . Reynolds ( Pages 3 and 4 ) http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / Clark _ G . _ Reynolds
6th Air Refueling Squadron The 6th Air Refueling Squadron ( 6 ARS ) is part of the 60th Air Mobility Wing at Travis Air Force Base , California . It operates the KC - 10 Extender aircraft conducting aerial refueling missions . History . Activated in early 1940 as part of the pre - World War II build up of the United States Army Air Corps after the breakout of war in Europe . Assigned to the GHQ Northeast Air District , equipped with pre - production YB - 17s ; later early model B - 17C / D heavy bombers . After the Pearl Harbor Attack . flew antisubmarine patrol missions in the Caribbean from , January – June 1942 . Returned to the United States in June 1942 and was assigned to II Bomber Command . Was an Operational Training ( OTU ) and later Replacement Training Unit ( RTU ) for B - 17 heavy bomber units and replacement personnel until March 1944 with the end of Heavy Bomber training . Redgesignated as a B - 29 Superfortress very heavy bombardment Squadron under Second Air Force . Deployed to the Pacific Theater of Operations ( PTO ) , assigned to North Field , Guam under XXI Bomber Command . Flew very long range strategic bombardment missions over the Japanese Home Islands , attacking military , industrial and transportation targets . Switched to night incendiary raids attacking major Japanese cities in the spring of 1945 , causing massive destruction of urbanized areas . Continued strategic bombing raids and incendiary attacks until Japanese Capitulation in August 1945 . Squadron remained in Western Pacific , although largely demobilized in the fall of 1945 . Some aircraft scrapped on Tinian ; others flown to storage depots in the United States . Remained as a paper unit assigned to Twentieth Air Force until inactivated in early 1948 . The 6th performed air refueling training from , 1959 – 1962 and flew worldwide air refueling from , 1963 – 1967 , including support of tactical aircraft flying in Southeast Asia . The squadron has again flown worldwide air refueling since 1989 , including support of deployments to Southwest Asia from , 1990 – 1991 . It provided humanitarian airlift to Somalia from , 1992 – 1993 . On 19 Sep 1985 the 6th Air Refueling Squadron was consolidated with the 6th Bombatdment Squadron ( Very Heavy ) , a unit that was last active 27 Jun 1949 . This action was directed by Department of the Air Force Letter DAF / MPM 662q Attachment 2 ( Inactive Units ) , 19 Sep 1985 . The Consolidated Unit will retain the Designation of 6th Air Refueling Squadron , Heavy " .