naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Charles Barrington Balfour Captain Charles Barrington Balfour JP , DL , CB ( 20 February 1862 – 31 August 1921 ) was a British Army officer who became a Conservative Party politician . He sat in the House of Commons from 1900 to 1907 . He was a first cousin of Arthur Balfour , who served as Prime Minister from 1902 to 1905 . Early life . Balfour was the son of Charles Balfour , and his wife Adelaide ( died 1862 ) , daughter and 8th child of the 6th Viscount Barrington . His father died when he was 10 years old , and Charles succeeded to his estates : Balgonie Castle in Fife and Newton Don in Roxburghshire . He was educated at Eton and at Sandhurst , and was commissioned as a Lieutenant in the Scots Guards from 1881 to 1890 . He served in the Anglo - Egyptian War of 1882 , and was present at the battle of Tel - El - Kebir , for which received a medal with a clasp . He was a Captain in the 2nd Volunteer Battalion of the King ' s Own Scottish Borderers from 1891 to 1895 , and later served as a captain in the Royal Guards Reserve Regiment . Political career . Balfour was a councillor on Berwickshire County Council , a Justice of the Peace for Berwickshire , and a Deputy Lieutenant of Berwickshire . He stood for Parliament five times before he won a seat . He was unsuccessful in Roxburghshire at the 1885 general election , in Berwickshire at the 1892 and 1895 general elections , and the Southport by - election in 1899 . At the 1900 general election he was elected unopposed as the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the Hornsey division of Middlesex . He was re - elected in 1906 , but resigned his seat on 28 May 1907 by becoming Steward of the Manor of Northstead . Balfour was appointed as Lord Lieutenant of Berwickshire on 31 May 1917 . In the King ' s Birthday Honours in June 1919 , he was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath for services in connection with the First World War in his capacity as president and chairman of the Berwickshire Territorial Force Association . Balfour was also a director of Barclays Bank and of the Scottish Widows fund . Family . In 1888 , Balfour Married Lady Helena McDonnell , known as " Nina " , daughter of the 5th Earl of Antrim . They had four sons , the eldest being Charles James Balfour , a Captain in the Scots Guards , who was born in 1889 and in 1917 married Hon . Aurea Vera Baring , daughter of Lord Ashburton . They also had a son John , who was imprisoned in Germany at Ruhleben , a racecourse on the outskirts of Berlin , for the duration of the First World War . He had been studying at a university in Germany at the outbreak of the war and was immediately interned there . On repatriation , he joined the Foreign Office and became a career diplomat , and was knighted in 1954 . He was posted in Moscow , Madrid , Buenos Aires and Washington , as well as serving in other countries . He died in 1983 . His memoir , " Not Too Correct an Aureole : the Recollections of a Diplomat " , was published posthumously .
Cessna 208 Caravan The Cessna 208 Caravan is a single turboprop engine , fixed - gear short - haul regional airliner and utility aircraft that is built in the United States by Cessna . The airplane typically seats nine passengers with a single pilot , although with a FAR Part 23 waiver it can seat up to fourteen passengers . The aircraft is also used for cargo feederliner operations . Design and development . The prototype first flew in December 1982 . The production model was certified by the FAA in October 1984 . Since then , the Caravan has undergone a number of design evolutions . Working with FedEx , Cessna produced first the Cargomaster , and followed that with the stretched and upgraded Super Cargomaster . The passenger model , the Grand Caravan , was derived from the Super Cargomaster . In January 2013 a higher - powered ( 867 shp from P & WC PT6A - 140 ) version , the Grand Caravan EX , received FAA certification . This higher - powered version will be produced by a Cessna - AVIC joint venture in China . Cessna offers the 208B in many configurations . The basic 208 airframe can be outfitted with various types of landing gear , allowing it to operate in a wide variety of environments . Some common adaptations include skis , enlarged tires for unprepared runways , and floats on the Caravan Amphibian model . The Caravan interior can be outfitted with seats or cargo holds . The standard high - density airline configuration features four rows of 1 - 2 seating behind the two seats in the cockpit . This variant is capable of holding up to thirteen passengers , although it is marketed as being able to make a profit carrying just four . The cabin can be configured in a low density passenger configuration , with 1 - 1 seating , as a combination of passengers and cargo , or as a strictly cargo aircraft . Many variants include an under - belly cargo pod , which can be used for additional freight capacity , or for passenger baggage . A number of Caravans are operated as skydiving aircraft with the left - side cargo hatch converted to a roll - up door . On April 28 , 2008 , Cessna announced that the Garmin G1000 glass cockpit will be standard equipment on all new Caravans . In May 2012 Cessna announced that an assembly line for the 208 would be established in the People ' s Republic of China . The government - owned China Aviation Industry General Aircraft Company ( CAIGA via China Aviation Industry Corporation II ) will conduct final assembly of Caravans at its plant in Shijiazhuang for the Chinese market . Operators . Civil operators . The Cessna 208 is used by governmental organisations and by a large number of companies for police , air ambulance , passenger transport , air charter , freight and parachuting operations . Fedex Feeder is the largest operator of the Cessna 208 , with over 250 aircraft .
Aerial battleship An aerial battleship is a kind of battleship equipped with a short flight deck for aerial operation . After the Battle of Midway , the Imperial Japanese Navy considered several aircraft carrier conversion schemes of battleship proposed by Abe Yasuo in Maru Special 116 . Britain , France and America all had similar conceptions before WWII , but the only aerial battleships ever made are the Japanese Ise - class battleship s .
Siege of Mitsuji The 1576 Siege of Mitsuji was part of the eleven - year Ishiyama Hongan - ji War . The Ikkō - ikki , a group of warrior monks and peasants , controlled the fortress and stood as one of the primary obstacles to Oda Nobunaga ' s bid for power . In May 1576 , Nobunaga personally took part in an attack on the fortress . He led a number of ashigaru ( foot soldiers ) in pushing back the Ikki garrison to their inner gates . However , the Ikki were expert gunners , forcing Nobunaga to withdraw . Nobunaga suffered a bullet wound to his leg , and lost one of his generals , Harada Naomasa .
87 Helicopter Flying School SAAF 87 Helicopter Flying School is a unit of the South African Air Force . It is a helicopter flight training school . The Helicopter Conversion Unit was established at Ysterplaat on 1 February 1968 to fulfill the helicopter pilot and flight engineers training role . The present unit was formed on 9 April 1968 by redesignating Training Flight , 17 Squadron at AFB Ysterplaat . The unit , equipped with Alouette II and III ' s , took over responsible for Helicopter Conversion Training of SAAF pilots and training of Flight Engineers for the SAAF . The Helicopter Conversion Unit became an autonomous unit in 1971 and in January 1973 the units name changed to 87 Advanced Flying School . In 1973 the Alouette II ' s were retired and transferred to the Rhodesian Air Force . " B " Flight , 16 Squadron , also stationed at AFB Ysterplaat , took responsibility for advanced helicopter training from 16 September 1974 to January 1975 .
Michael Parker ( politician ) Michael Parker ( born October 31 , 1949 ) is an American politician from the U . S . state of Mississippi . He served in Congress as a member of the Democratic Party and , later , the Republican Party . He later served as Assistant Secretary of the U . S . Army , with authority over the U . S . Army Corps of Engineers . Biography . Parker was born in Laurel , Mississippi and he graduated from William Carey College with a BA in English in 1970 . Before entering politics , Parker owned and operated a funeral home business , insurance companies , land and timber companies , and a sand , clay and gravel business . Parker was elected to the House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1988 following a hard - fought primary with a wide field of contenders . The district included Jackson , Vicksburg , Natchez , McComb , and Brookhaven . Party switch . As a Democratic congressman , Parker wore his party ties very loosely . His voting record was conservative even by Mississippi Democratic standards . During Parker ' s successful 1992 general election campaign , he did not endorse Democratic party Presidential candidate Bill Clinton . After his re - election in November 1994 , Parker voted ' Present ' in the election for Speaker of the House in 1995 instead of voting for the House Democratic leader Richard Gephardt . In November 1995 , Parker completed his switch away from the Democrats and joined the Republican Party . Although his district was almost 40 percent African - American — one of the highest percentages for a Republican - held district — Parker was reelected with little difficulty in 1996 . He did not run for re - election in 1998 in order to focus on his bid for Governor of Mississippi . In the gubernatorial election Parker had almost 9 , 000 fewer votes than his Democratic opponent , Lieutenant Governor Ronnie Musgrove . However , due to the presence of two minor candidates , Musgrove came up a few thousand votes short of a majority . Under an 1890 law , the first tiebreaker was whoever won the most state electoral votes ( based on State house districts ) . Each candidate won 61 of the 122 state electoral votes . The election was thus decided by the Mississippi House of Representatives , where the Democrats had a supermajority at the time . However , Parker refused to concede , and the House elected Musgrove 86 - 36 along partisan lines . Army Corps . Parker was appointed by George W . Bush as Assistant Secretary of the Army ( Civil Works ) , with oversight of the Army Corps of Engineers , which has numerous projects in Parker ' s home state of Mississippi . Parker was one of the first political casualties of the Bush administration ' s heavily centralized management style when he spoke out to promote the corp of engineers priorities and was then asked to leave in the summer of 2002 . In recent years Parker has been a Washington lobbyist , specializing in infrastructure issues .
Combat Logistics Regiment 15 Combat Logistics Regiment 15 ( CLR - 15 ) is a logistics regiment of the United States Marine Corps . They fall under the command of the 1st Marine Logistics Group and I Marine Expeditionary Force ( I MEF ) . The unit is based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton , California , United States . Mission . CLR - 15 is 1st MLG ' s general support logistics regiment tasked with providing intermediate supply , distribution system support , intermediate maintenance and level II health service support to the warfighter across the spectrum of conflict in any environment . Additionally , they provide general support tactical logistics support to the 1st Marine Division , 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing and I MEF Headquarters Group in order to sustain Marine Air - Ground Task Force ( MAGTF ) operations beyond the supported unit ' s organic capabilities . History . CLR - 15 ( FWD ) is currently deployed to Helmand Province , Afghanistan in support of 1 MEF and other ISAF forces within the province .
31st Division ( German Empire ) The 31st Division ( " 31 . Division " ) was a unit of the Prussia n / German Army . It was formed on March 20 , 1871 , and was headquartered in Straßburg ( now Strasbourg , France ) until 1912 , and then in Saarbrücken . The division was subordinated in peacetime to the XV Army Corps ( " XV . Armeekorps " ) until 1912 , and then to the XXI Army Corps ( " XXI . Armeekorps " ) . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . The division was recruited primarily in the southern part of the Rhine Province , but during World War I also drew replacements from Westphalia . Combat chronicle . The division began World War I on the Western Front . It saw action in the Battle of the Frontiers and in the Race for the Sea . In January 1915 , it was transferred to the Eastern Front , where it remained until December 1917 . It fought in the Gorlice - Tarnów Offensive in 1915 . After returning to the Western Front , it participated in the 1918 German Spring Offensive , including the Battle of the Lys . In September 1918 , it faced an American / French offensive in the Battle of Saint - Mihiel . The division was rated as third class by Allied intelligence . Pre - World War I organization . The organization of the 31st Division in 1914 , shortly before the outbreak of World War I , was as follows : Order of battle on mobilization . On mobilization in August 1914 at the beginning of World War I , most divisional cavalry , including brigade headquarters , was withdrawn to form cavalry divisions or split up among divisions as reconnaissance units . Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from their higher headquarters . The 31st Division was redesignated the 31st Infantry Division . Its initial wartime organization was as follows : Late World War I organization . Divisions underwent many changes during the war , with regiments moving from division to division , and some being destroyed and rebuilt . During the war , most divisions became triangular - one infantry brigade with three infantry regiments rather than two infantry brigades of two regiments ( a " square division " ) . An artillery commander replaced the artillery brigade headquarters , the cavalry was further reduced , the engineer contingent was increased , and a divisional signals command was created . The 31st Infantry Division ' s order of battle on January 1 , 1918 was as follows :
8th Army ( Wehrmacht ) The 8th Army ( German : " 8 . Armee Oberkommando " ) was a World War II field army . Combat Chronicle . The 8th Army was activated on August 1 , 1939 with General Johannes Blaskowitz in command . First seeing service in Poland participated in heavy fights during Battle of Bzura , the army was later reorganised into the 2nd Army for the invasion of France , before later being reactivated as being part of the Ostfront in Russia . The army was involved in the defence of Hungary and Austria before finally surrendering .
Gustav von der Mülbe Gustav von der Mülbe ( 11 December 1831 – 12 February 1917 ) was a Prussian " Generalleutnant " . Mülbe was born in Braunschweig in the Duchy of Brunswick . He was the son of Friedrich von der Mülbe ( 1806 – 1859 ) and Agnes , " née " von Bothmer ( 1804 – 1841 ) . In Liegnitz on June 27 , 1869 , Mülbe married Eleonore von Tschirschky ( 1843 – 1915 ) ; the couple had three daughters . Mülbe died in Erfurt .
Soft target Soft target is a military term referring to unarmored / undefended targets needing to be destroyed . For example , a soft target would be an automobile , a house , or assembly of people while a hard target could be a main battle tank or a well defended installation . This can also be applied to apparent readiness . A person who varies their schedule or avoids patterns , has solid looking security measures on their home , or other forms of visible readiness would not be a soft target . A soft target for surveillance would have little variance in travel patterns and a visibly low state of situational awareness .
Mirka - class frigate The Mirka Class was the NATO reporting name for a class of light frigate s built for the Soviet Navy in the mid to late 1960s . The Soviet Designation was Storozhevoi Korabl ( escort ship ) Project 35 ( Mirka I ) and Project 35 - M ( Mirka II ) . Design . The role of these ships was anti - submarine warfare in shallow waters and they were similar to the Petya class frigate s but had a modified machinery suite . The machinery consisted of two shafts with diesels and gas turbines ( CODAG ) . The propellers were in tunnels ( similar to water jets ) . The machinery proved noisy and not very reliable . Ships . A total of 18 ships were built by Yantar shipyard , Kaliningrad , for the Soviet Navy . All ships were decommissioned between 1989 and 1992 .
Tapani Incident The Tapani Incident in 1915 was one of the largest armed uprisings against Japanese rule in Taiwan . Alternative names used to refer to the incident include the Xilai Temple Incident ( Japanese : 西来庵事件 ; Japanese rōmaji : Seirai - an jiken ; ) ( after the Xilai Temple , where the revolt began ) and the Yu Qingfang Incident ( after the leader Yu Qingfang ) . Consequences . Modern Taiwanese historiography attempts to portray the Jiaobanian Incident as a nationalist uprising , either from a Chinese ( unification ) or Taiwanese ( independence ) perspective , whereas Japanese colonial historiography attempted to portray the incident as a large scale instance of banditry led by criminal elements . However , the Tapani Incident differs from other uprisings in Taiwan ' s history due to the elements of millenarianism and folk religion , which enabled Yu Qingfang to raise a significant armed force whose members believed themselves to be invulnerable to modern weaponry . The similarities between the rhetoric of the leaders of the Jiaobanian uprising and the Righteous Harmony Society of the recent Boxer Rebellion in China were not lost on Japanese colonial authorities , and subsequently , the colonial government paid more attention to popular religion , and took steps to improve on colonial administration in southern Taiwan .
20th Division ( United States ) There have been two 20th Divisions in the history of the United States Army . In early 1917 , the 20th Division was established as a National Guard formation consisting of units of the Idaho , Montana , Oregon , Washington , and Wyoming Army National Guards . On 1 April 1917 , the division was activated for federal service as the 41st Division . In October 1918 , another 20th Division was organized . This was a regular army and national army division intended for service in World War I . The 20th Division did not go overseas and demobilized in February 1919 at Camp Sevier , South Carolina . Its composition included the 39th Infantry Brigade ( 48th and 89th Infantry Regiment s ) and the 40th Infantry Brigade ( 50th and 90th Infantry Regiment s ) . ( McGrath , The Brigade , p . 167 )
3rd Corps ( Turkey ) The 3rd Corps ( ) is a field corps of the Turkish Army . Headquartered at Ayazaga , Şişli in Istanbul , it is part of the First Army and at the same time the NATO Rapid Deployable Corps in Turkey ( NRDC - T ) . It was established at Kirklareli on March 14 , 1911 in the Ottoman Empire . It took part in the First Balkan War , the Second Balkan War , the Gallipoli Campaign , operations in the Caucasus 1916 – 1917 , and operations in Palestine in 1918 . It then took part in the Battles of Kutahya and Sakarya in 1921 , and the Great Assault of 1922 . NATO Response Force . The corps received in 2001 orders from the General Staff for its transformation into a NATO Response Force ( NRF ) , which is a coherent , high - readiness , joint , multinational force of troops that is technologically advanced , flexible , deployable , interoperable and sustainable . The process was completed in 2003 , and it became one of the seven dedicated units of NATO . It was named NATO Rapid Deployable Corps - Turkey , abbreviated as NRDC - T . Between October 2003 and July 2004 , it was assigned as NRF 1 and NRF 2 , and between January – June 2007 as NRF 8 . The commander of the corps Lt . General Ethem Erdağı was assigned as commander of ( ISAF ) headquarters in Afghanistan between February and August 2005 . The corps was assigned to the ISAF in Afghanistan between August 2008 and February 2009 as well . Trials of the commanders . Former commander of 3rd Corps , Mustafa Ethem Erdağı , who also served as commander of ISAF in Afghanistan , was tried before a military court for allegations of abusing of his power while on duty at the 8th Corps in a construction tender held in the years 2002 - 2003 . In May 2007 , he was convicted for corruption to eleven and half months in prision . Erdağı became so the highest - ranked military officer in Turkey to be prisoned . He was forced to retire by the Supreme Military Council ' s annual meeting in August 2007 . In the Balyoz trial ( literally : Sledgehammer trial ) that began in 2010 , retired General Ergin Saygun was arrested and indicted for his involvement in an alleged military coup plan to overthrow the Justice and Development Party government along with some other 365 military members , which reportedly dates back to 2003 . At that time , he was the commander of the 3rd Corps . The court accused him for putting 3rd Corps headquarters as the center of the coup plan . General Saygun denied the accusations of the court with the defense that at that time he had taken orders to make arrangements for the conversion of the unit into a high readiness force headquarters assigned to NATO only . Therefore , they had no time for any plot preparations . Nevertheless , he was convicted and sentenced to 18 years in prison . However , he was released following a heart surgery due to his critical health condition .
Battle of Britain Monument , London The Battle of Britain Monument in London is a sculpture on the Victoria Embankment , overlooking the River Thames , which commemorates the British military personnel who took part in the Battle of Britain during the Second World War . It was unveiled on 18 September 2005 , the 65th anniversary of the Battle , by Prince Charles and Camilla , Duchess of Cornwall , in the presence of many of the surviving airmen known collectively as " The Few " , following the Royal Air Force Service of Thanksgiving and Rededication on Battle of Britain Sunday . This service is an annual event , the first of which took place in 1943 at St Paul ' s Cathedral and since has taken place in Westminster Abbey . The monument was conceived by Bill Bond , founder of the Battle of Britain Historical Society , who was later awarded an MBE for his services to heritage . He was solely responsible for negotiating with the City of Westminster to secure the site of the monument , as well as appointing Donald Insall Associates as architects . He also formed the fundraising committee after raising over £250 , 000 through an appeal . The budget was £1 . 74 million which was funded in the main by private donations . Bill Bond appointed Lord Tebbit as chairman of the fundraising committee . The monument utilises a panelled granite structure 25 metres long which was originally designed as a smoke outlet for underground trains when they were powered by steam engines . A walkway was cut obliquely through the middle of the structure , and is lined with panels of high relief sculpture in bronze depicting scenes from the Battle of Britain . The centrepiece is an approximately life sized sculpture of airmen scrambling for their aircraft during the battle . The outside of the monument is lined with bronze plaques listing 2 , 936 airmen and ground crew from 14 countries who took part in the battle on the Allied side . The sculptor of the monument is Paul Day . The statue was cast by Morris Singer , which is the oldest established fine art foundry in the world and has cast many prominent statues and sculptures in London and around the world , including the lions and fountains in Trafalgar Square .