naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
45th Operations Group The 45th Operations Group is a United States Air Force unit . It is assigned to the 45th Space Wing , stationed at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station , Florida . Overview . The 45th Operations Group was responsible for program management and operation of five squadrons which perform all Eastern Range launch operations including Delta II , Delta III , Atlas II , Atlas III , Titan IV , Space Shuttle , Pegasus , and Athena space launch vehicle s . The Operations Group provides support to Naval Ordnance Test Unit operations . In support of space launch operations , the Operations Group coordinates training for the wing , manages all wing spacecraft services systems and facilities , and manages the Patrick AFB air traffic complex , handling more than 24 , 000 aircraft operations annually . History . Organized in early 1941 as a First Air Force bombardment group equipped with A - 20 Havoc s , and later B - 18 Bolo s . After the United States entered World War II the group was ordered to search for German U - Boat s and to fly aerial coverage of friendly convoys off mid and southeast Atlantic east coast from Delaware , then from South Florida , expanding its patrols to the Gulf of Mexico and Florida Straits . Reassigned to Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command in October 1942 and inactivated shortly afterwards , its component squadrons being redesignated Antisubmarine Squadrons and reassigned to the 25th Antisubmarine Wing . Reactivated and re - designated in 1991 under Air Force Space Command . Operated " Down - Range " facilities at Antigua , Ascension Island , and Cape Canaveral , Florida ; launched DOD payloads into orbit ; and collected flight data for evaluation of ballistic missile systems launched from Eastern Launch sites for DOD , NASA , and commercial customers . Provided support for DOD , NASA , and commercial manned and unmanned space programs . There were several organizational changes in the Wing in 1997 and 1998 . Detachments 1 and 2 of the 45th Operations Group were inactivated on Antigua and Ascension on 1 June 1997 , but they were replaced by Detachments 1 and 2 of the 45th Logistics Group on the same day . The 5th Space Launch Squadron was inactivated at Cape Canaveral Air Station on 29 June 1998 , and its resources were absorbed by the 3rd Space Launch Squadron . Launch operations reassigned to 45th Launch Group on 1 December 2003 Heraldry . Azure , three aerial bombs or , a chief potentee of the last . Motto : DE ASTRA — From the Stars . ( Approved 6 January 1942 . )
Frederick S . Lovell Frederick Solon Lovell ( November 1 , 1813 – May 15 , 1878 ) was a politician and a military officer . Biography . Lovell was born on November 1 , 1813 in Bennington , Vermont . He graduated from Hobart College before moving to Kenosha , Wisconsin and practicing law . Lovell died on May 15 , 1878 . Political career . Lovell served in the two Wisconsin Constitutional Conventions . He then served in the Wisconsin Territorial Council . Lovell was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1857 to 1858 . He was a Republican . Military career . Lovell joined the Union Army in 1862 during the American Civil War and was assigned to the 33rd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment . He was later promoted to Colonel and given command of the 46th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment . Lovell was mustered out of the volunteers on September 27 , 1865 . On January 13 , 1866 , President Andrew Johnson nominated Lovell for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers to rank from October 11 , 1865 , and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on March 12 , 1866 .
Mary Louise Rasmuson Mary Louise Milligan Rasmuson ( April 11 , 1911 – July 30 , 2012 ) was an American army officer , and director of the Women ' s Army Corps . Born in East Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , Milligan graduated from what is now Carnegie Mellon University and received her masters from University of Pittsburgh . She enlisted in the United States Army during World War II . In 1957 , President Dwight Eisenhower appointed Milligan director of the Women ' s Army Corps and in 1961 , President John Kennedy reappointed her . In 1961 , she married Elmer E . Rasmuson , the president of National Bank of Alaska . The following year , she retired from the army and moved to Anchorage , Alaska . The Rasmusons were influential and establishing and greatly expanding the Anchorage Museum . Her step - daughter was Connecticut state representative Lile Gibbons .
HMS Spiteful ( 1899 ) HMS " Spiteful " was a B - class torpedo boat destroyer privately built by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited , Jarrow , for the Royal Navy in 1899 . She served with the instructional flotilla after being launched . In February 1901 she went ashore near the Isle of Wight and was docked at Portsmouth Dockyard for overhaul . In 1904 she had her boilers modified to burn fuel oil as an experiment and comparative trials were carried out with her sister ship . Unfortunately the novel fuel system was not a success and billowed out large clouds of black smoke , leading to the abandonment of the idea for several years . She was scrapped in 1920 .
Wings of Dreams Aviation Museum Wings of Dreams is an aviation museum located at the Keystone Heights Airport in Starke , Florida . The museum features exhibits on the airport ' s role as Keystone Army Air Base and training of pilots in preparation for the Normandy Invasion during World War II . It also features exhibits on Women Airforce Service Pilots and the space program in the United States . The museum is scheduled to receive one of the training simulators used in the space shuttle program at its completion .
William Howard ( congressman ) William Howard ( December 31 , 1817 – June 1 , 1891 ) was a United States Army soldier , lawyer , and a U . S . Representative from Ohio . Biography . Born in Jefferson County , Virginia , Howard attended public schools and later studied law . He was admitted to the bar in 1840 and subsequently established a law practice . He later moved to Batavia , Ohio , and served as a prosecuting attorney from 1845 – 49 . He served in the war with Mexico and was made second lieutenant of Company C , Second Regiment , Ohio Volunteer Infantry . Following the war , he served as member of the Ohio Senate 1850 - 1852 . Howard was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty - sixth ( March 4 , 1859 – March 3 , 1861 ) . He was not a candidate for re - election . He enrolled in the army following the outbreak of the Civil War and was commissioned as the major of the 59th Ohio Infantry , on August 11 , 1861 . He was promoted to lieutenant colonel and commanded the regiment at the Battle of Stones River . Howard resigned his commission on February 24 , 1863 and returned home to resume his law practice . Howard practiced law until his death in Batavia on June 1 , 1891 at the age of 73 . He was interred in the Batavia Union Cemetery .
USS Relief ( YP - 2 ) The third USS " Relief " ( YP - 2 ) was a lookout station tender that served in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1921 . " Relief " was a wooden private motorboat built during 1910 at Yarmouth , Maine . Ensign Walter G . Richardson purchased her for the U . S . Navy for World War I service on 13 June 1917 with funds furnished by the Bar Harbor War Relief Committee of Bar Harbor , Maine , for use as a tender to the lookout station at Crumple Island , Maine . In 1920 she was designated " YP - 2 " . " Relief " was sold on 4 June 1921 to Gus Potter of Yonkers , New York , remaining on mercantile registers until 1946 when she was transferred to exempt status as a yacht .
Canadian Vickers Vista The Canadian Vickers Vista was a Canadian - designed single seat flying boat . Development and Design . The Vista was the first Canadian designed monoplane . It had a duralumin sheet hull and the tail was made of framed with metal tubing . The wings were made of wood and the wing and tail surfaces were fabric . The design proved to have some undesirable traits . Since the RCAF chose the de Havilland DH . 60 Moth , only one Vista was ever built . Service . Once the prototype was completed , the production order was cancelled . After testing the airframe , the aircraft was shipped to the ( RCAF ) Air Station at ( Jericho Beach ) , Vancouver in September 1930 , were it was used for taxiing practice . When not being used it was moored out to test the effects of salt water on its duralumin hull . By 1931 the corrosion on the hull was bad enough that it was recommended for scrapping and this was done in May of that year .
No . 459 Squadron RAAF No 459 Squadron RAAF was a Royal Australian Air Force squadron during World War II . It served from 1942 as a maritime patrol and bomber unit in the mediterranean theatre of war until disbanded in 1945 . History . No 459 Squadron was formed at LG 39 / Burg - el - Arab , Egypt on 10 February 1942 under the Empire Air Training Scheme . The Squadron was initially equipped with Lockheed Hudson and Bristol Blenheim aircraft and operated in the maritime reconnaissance role . During 1942 and early 1943 the Squadron operated against German shipping in the Mediterranean and sank a number of ships including a destroyer . In September 1943 the Squadron temporally changed roles to become a bomber unit . The Squadron was equipped with Lockheed Ventura s from March to July 1944 , when it was re - equipped with Martin Baltimore aircraft . No 459 Squadron continued operating around the Greek islands until March 1945 , when it was posted to the United Kingdom . No 459 Squadron shortly thereafter disbanded at RAF Chivenor , Devon on 10 April 1945 .
Generalmajor ( Sweden ) Generalmajor is an officer ' s rank in Sweden and Finland , immediately above Brigadgeneral and below Generallöjtnant . Finnish Defence Forces rank of Kenraalimajuri is comparable to Ranks of NATO armies officers as OF - 7 History and related ranks . In Sweden , the equivalent Naval rank is Konteramiral Finland . In Finland a kenraalimajuri typically commands a corps or army chief of staff . The commander of Finnish Air Force is a kenraalimajuri . There are also several special tasks for kenraalimajuri or senior . Origin - Middle Ages . The rank was originally a pure staff officers ' rank used for those who served a general . Those staff servants were named Sergeant Major Generals . The sergeant part was later dropped .
27th Brigade ( Australia ) The 27th Brigade was a brigade - sized infantry unit of the Australian Army . The brigade was the last Second Australian Imperial Force infantry brigade raised for service during the World War II . Originally formed on 13 November 1940 as part of the 9th Division it was transferred to the 8th Division . The brigade participated in the defence of British Malaya with its headquarters at Kluang .
Archibald Hill A . V . Hill , christened Archibald Vivian , CH OBE FRS ( 26 September 1886 – 3 June 1977 ) , was an English physiologist , one of the founders of the diverse disciplines of biophysics and operations research . He shared the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his elucidation of the production of heat and mechanical work in muscle s . Biography . Born in Bristol , he was educated at Blundell ' s School and graduated from Trinity College , Cambridge as third wrangler in the mathematics tripos before turning to physiology . His early work involved the characterisation of what came to be known as Michaelis - Menten kinetics and the use of the Hill coefficient . Hill ' s first paper , published in 1909 while working under the supervision of John Newport Langley , is a landmark in the history of receptor theory . Hill made many exacting measurements of the physics of nerve s and muscles . His earliest experiments on the heat production of contracting muscles used equipment obtained from the Swedish physiologist Magnus Blix . Both before and after World War I he worked on a range of topics in physiology in co - operation with colleagues in Cambridge , Germany and elsewhere . Hill is regarded , along with Hermann Helmholtz , as one of the founders of biophysics . In 1913 he married Margaret Keynes ( 1885 - 1974 ) , daughter of the economist John Neville Keynes , and sister of the economist John Maynard Keynes and the surgeon Geoffrey Keynes . They had two sons and two daughters : In 1914 , at the outbreak of World War I , Hill joined the British army and assembled a team working on ballistics and operations research . The team included many notable physicists including Ralph H . Fowler , Douglas Hartree and Arthur Milne . Hill returned to Cambridge in 1919 before taking the chair in physiology at the Victoria University of Manchester in 1920 . Parallelling the work of German Otto Fritz Meyerhof he elucidated the processes whereby mechanical work is produced in muscles . The two shared the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for this work . In 1923 he succeeded Ernest Starling as professor of physiology at University College , London , a post he held until his retirement in 1951 . He was President of the Marine Biological Association from 1955 to 1960 . He continued work as an active researcher until 1966 . World War II saw the beginning of Hill ' s extensive public service . Already in 1935 he was working with Patrick Blackett and Sir Henry Tizard on the committee that gave birth to Radar . In 1933 , he became with Lord Beveridge and Lord Rutherford a founder member and vice - president of the Academic Assistance Council ( which became the Society for the Protection of Science and Learning in 1936 ) . By the start of the Second World War , the organisation had saved 900 academics ( 18 of whom went on to win Nobel Prizes ) from the Nazi persecution . He served as an independent Member of Parliament ( MP ) for UK Parliament constituency from 1940 to 1945 . He took part in many scientific missions to the US Publications . By Hill :
Robert Vaughan ( author ) Robert Vaughan is an American writer . He has authored over 200 books . He won the 1977 Porgie Award ( Best Paperback Original ) for " The Power and the Pride " . He has also written a series of contemporary and historical romance novels under several pseudonyms including " Paula Moore " and " Paula Fairman " . He wrote the novelization for the television movie " Andersonville " . Vaughan is a frequent speaker at seminars and at high schools and colleges , and has also hosted three television talk shows : " Eyewitness Magazine " on WAVY - TV in Portsmouth , Virginia ; " Tidewater A . M . " on W05BQ - TV in Hampton , Virginia ; and " This Week in Books " on the TEMPO Cable Television Network . He has also written and produced a one - man play about Ernest Hemingway . Vaughan is a retired Army Warrant Officer ( CW - 3 ) with three tours in Vietnam where he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross , the Air Medal with the V for valor , the Bronze Star , the Meritorious Service Medal , and the Purple Heart . He was a helicopter pilot and a maintenance and supply officer . He was also an instructor and Chief of the Aviation Maintenance Officers ' Course at Fort Eustis , Virginia . Vaughan was inducted into the Writers ’ Hall of Fame in 1998 .
Dragonnade " Dragonnades " was a French policy instituted by Louis XIV in 1681 to intimidate Huguenot families into either leaving France or re - converting to Catholicism . This policy involved billeting ill - disciplined dragoon s in Protestant households . With the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 , Louis XIV withdrew the privileges and toleration that Protestant Huguenots in France had been guaranteed under the edict for nearly 87 years , and ordered the destruction of Huguenot churches and the closure of Huguenot schools . With the edict revoking religious toleration , Louis XIV combined legal persecution with the policy of terrorising recalcitrant Huguenots who refused to convert to Catholicism by billeting dragoons in their homes and instructing the soldiers to harass and intimidate the occupants to persuade them to either convert to the state religion or to emigrate . As mounted infantry , the 14 regiments of dragoons in the French Army of the period were sometimes used for what would now be called internal security duties and were an effective instrument for persecuting the Huguenots . The application of selective and coercive troop quartering had been initiated by the " intendant " René de Marillac in Poitou , in 1681 . With the permission of Louvois , Marillac systematically lodged troops with Protestants , in the expectation that the existing law exempting newly - converted from this practice would spur conversions . Billetted troops got so far out of hand that , after a series of reprimands in letters , Louvois was forced to recall Marillac from Poitou . The persecution of Protestants caused outrage in England and created a wave of literature in protest against the inhuman treatment of Huguenots , thousands of whom fled to England to seek asylum . The " dragonnades " policy caused Protestants to flee France even before the religious rights granted them by the Edict of Nantes were removed in 1685 . Most Huguenot refugees fled to countries such as Switzerland , the Netherlands , England , and the German territories . On January 17 , 1686 , Louis XIV claimed that his policies had caused the Protestant population of France to be reduced from 800 , 000 - 900 , 000 to 1 , 000 – 1 , 500 in France . Though this was a great exaggeration , their numbers did decline significantly . The campaign ultimately proved detrimental to France ' s economy because the Huguenots who chose to flee possessed skills such as silkweaving , clock - making , silversmithing , and optometry , and became a valuable addition to the economies of the countries to which they fled .
Richard T . Kight Brigadier General Richard T . Kight ( October 18 , 1913 – June 17 , 2001 ) was commander of the U . S . Air Rescue Service from 1946 – 1952 , and penned the Code of an Air Rescueman : " It is my duty as a Air Rescueman to save life and to aid the injured . I will be prepared at all times to perform my assigned duties quickly and efficiently , placing these duties before personal desires and comforts . These things I do , " That Others May Live . " " . It is still used by the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center ( AFRCC ) and all other USAF air rescue squadrons . The Pararescueman ' s creed is essentially these same words although the original code applied to all crewmen of the Air Rescue Service . He also had an award named after him .
Benjamin J . Hill Benjamin Jefferson Hill ( June 13 , 1825 – January 5 , 1880 ) was a Confederate States Army brigadier general during the American Civil War . Before the war , he was a merchant and served in the Tennessee Senate . After the war , he was a merchant , lawyer and president of the McMinnville and Manchester Railroad . Early life . Benjamin Jefferson Hill was born on June 13 , 1825 in McMinnville , Tennessee . He was a successful merchant and Tennessee state senator from 1855 until the beginning of the Civil War in 1861 . American Civil War . Benjamin J . Hill began his Civil War service as colonel of the 5th Tennessee Volunteers in the Provisional Army of Tennessee . He resigned to enter Confederate States Army service as colonel of the 35th Tennessee Infantry Regiment , which was the designation given to the 5th Tennessee Volunteers when they were mustered into Confederate service . Hill ' s regiment was assigned to the brigade of Brigadier General Patrick Cleburne and fought at the Battle of Shiloh . Hill served under Cleburne until Cleburne was killed at the Battle of Franklin on November 30 , 1864 . Hill also led the regiment at the Siege of Corinth . Hill led his regiment in Bragg ' s Kentucky Campaign , in which they initiated the attack at the Battle of Richmond , and at the Battle of Stones River ( Murfreesboro ) . Hill led Cleburne ' s brigade at Richmond and at the Battle of Perryville after Cleburne was wounded in those battles . Hill also was wounded at Richmond . Hill and his regiment also fought at the Battle of Chickamauga and in the Chattanooga Campaign , including the unsuccessful defense of Missionary Ridge , where they were consolidated with the 48th Tennessee Infantry . Hill served as provost marshal of the Army of Tennessee between February 3 , 1864 and August 23 , 1864 . Hill was promoted to brigadier general ( temporary ) on November 30 , 1864 . Although his experience had been in the infantry , Hill was transferred to Brigadier General William Hicks Jackson ' s division of Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest ' s Cavalry Corps . He cooperated with Major General William Bate ' s division in destroying the railroad and blockhouses between Murfreesboro and Nashville near the end of the Franklin - Nashville Campaign . In the closing months of the war , he participated in Forrest ' s defense against Union Army Major General James H . Wilson ' s raid in Alabama and Georgia , in particular at the Battle of Selma . Hill was paroled at Chattanooga , Tennessee on May 16 , 1865 . Aftermath . After the war , Hill returned to McMinnville where he again engaged in business as a merchant and practiced law . He also was president of the McMinnville and Manchester Railroad . Benjamin Jefferson Hill died January 5 , 1880 at McMinnville , Tennessee and is buried in Old City Cemetery , McMinnville .
Russian Army order of battle ( 1812 ) The Imperial Russian Army in 1812 consists of 3 main armies and other military formations . Commander in Chief Emperor of the Army was Alexander I . 1st Army of the West . General of infantry Prince Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly ) 2nd Army of the West . General of infantry Prince Pyotr Bagration 3rd Reserve Army of Observation . General of cavalry Alexander Tormasov Danube Army . Admiral Pavel Chichagov
Fleet Marine Force , Pacific The United States Fleet Marine Force , Pacific ( FMFPac ) is the largest maritime landing force in the world . Its units are spread across the Pacific Ocean and reports to the United States Pacific Command . It is headquartered at MCB Camp H . M . Smith , HI and directs and commands all the subordinate elements of the Navy Expeditionary Strike Force and Marine Air - Ground Task Force components that follow under the 3rd , 5th , and 7th Fleet and the Marine Forces , Pacific ( MarForPac ) . It is under operational control of the Commander , United States Pacific Fleet ( ComPacFlt ) , when deployed . FMFPac was established by General ' Howling Mad ' Smith in 1944 to assume command of very large USMC forces in the Pacific , of the order of 500 , 000 . Hierarchy of fleet marine force units . Commander , United States Pacific Fleet ( COMPACFLT ) . Camp H . M . Smith Salt Lake , Hawaii