naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Otlukbeli The Battle of Otlukbeli or Otluk Beli was a battle between Ak Koyunlu and the Ottoman Empire that was fought on August 11 , 1473 . Reasons for the conflict . Mehmed II ' s aggressive military policy in capturing the throne of the Roman Caesardom resulted in the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 . Byzantine rulers secured their rule in some areas after this event . One of these dominations was the Empire of Trebizond . When Mehmed was to turn his face to the East to clean up the remnants of Byzantine rule in 1461 , he was faced with another Central Asia n originated power , the Ak Koyunlu , a tribe that ruled huge lands in the Eastern Anatolia . Their leader , Uzun Hasan , continued the tradition of close relations between the Byzantine throne and his own kingdom so he supported the Empire of Trebizond and sent them military aid but his support wasn ' t enough to save Trebizond from the Ottoman forces . Mehmed II conquered all of the Eastern Black Sea region . Uzun Hasan decided to seek help from Christian powers because he thought that the Ottomans would return for his own kingdom . Therefore , he decided to sign a treaty with the Republic of Venice , the rival of the Ottoman Empire at that time . In response to Uzun Hasan ' s treaty with Venice , The Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II first sent various Janissary contingents , commanded by various figures including Radu cel Frumos , these contingents guarded crucial garrisons and awaited the Ottoman onslaught on the Anatolian rebels . Another reason for tensions between Ak Koyunlu and Ottomans was the political standing of another powerful Anatolian tribe , Karamanids . Kasım Bey , the ruler of Karamanids , was supporting the growing power of Uzun Hasan . These two powers were working in cooperation against the Ottoman advance in Anatolia . In 1471 , a successful Ottoman operation against Karamanids reduced the power of the tribe . This gave courage to Mehmed II to move deeper into Anatolia . Battle . Mehmed II returned with his army in 1473 to defeat Uzun Hasan . The Turcomans had a traditional army that contained considerable amounts of light cavalries . On the other hand , the Ottoman army was using the latest technology . They came with rifles and cannons . This difference between the natures of the two armies marked the result of the battle . The Ottoman side gained a decisive victory , where as the Turcoman army was nearly destroyed in a single day . Aftermath . Ottomans nearly destroyed the power of the Ak Koyunlu in the East . Ak Koyunlu would be destroyed completely by Shah Ismail of Iran in later years . This victory of the Safavid Empire would create a new enemy for Ottoman Empire in the East . The race between two empires ended with the fall of the Safavid dynasty from power in the 18th century .
Action of 14 June 1742 The Action of 14 June 1742 was a minor naval battle of the War of the Austrian Succession in which a small British squadron under Captain Richard Norris burned 5 Spanish royal galleys at the French port of Saint Tropez . Norris had surprised the galleys near Sainte - Marguerite and had chased and drove them into de French port . The British captain , in spite of the alleged French neutrality , followed the Spanish vessels into the port and destroyed them at slight cost . Action . By 1742 , the Commander - in - Chief of the Royal Navy in Mediterranean , Admiral Nicholas Haddock , had failed to force the Spanish fleet into an action , and worn out with years and disappointments , resigned his command to Rear Admiral Richard Lestock . It was Vice Admiral Thomas Mathews , with a reinforcement of seven ships of the line , who replaced him as Commander - in - Chief . Matthews based the British fleet at the Piedmontese port of Villefranche - sur - Mer and at the Hyères islands and dispatched several squadrons to cruise in search of Spanish vessels . On 13 June 1742 , the British squadron cruising off Cape Garoupe , under Captain Richard Norris of the 60 - gun HMS " Kingston " sighted 5 Spanish galleys with guns and military stores for the Spanish army in Italy leaving the anchorage at Sainte - Marguerite . This vessels were the " Patrona " , the " San Felipe " , the " Soledad " , the " Santa Teresa " and the " San Genaro " and were commanded by General Don Donato Domas . Norris , who had with him , besides his own fourth - rate ship of the line , the 50 - gun HMS " Oxford " , the sloop " Spence " and the fireship " Duke " , chased the galleys and drove them into the French port of Saint Tropez . Norris , arriving off the port , sent a message requesting the governor of Saint Tropez that the Spanish galleys might be denied shelter and sent to the sea . The French governor refused and at the evening Norris prepared to attack . His two ships of the line sailed up to the mole and anchored close to it . At 1 am the fireship , under Captain Callis , was dispatched to burn the galleys together with all the boats of the squadron under the cover of " Oxford " and " Kingston " . Just as the fireship entered the mole , the galleys opened fire . The five took fire and burned along with the fireship . The Spanish sailors took to the water and escaped by swimming to shore . Those who survived jonied the Spanish fleet under Admiral Juan José Navarro at Toulon . Aftermath . The French authorities filed a complaint for the breaking of his neutrality . In fact , they were deliberately assisting the Spanish by giving them the use and shelter of their ports . According to the British historian Edward Cust , " the French flag had so often been allowed to save the Spanish ships that it was thought right to deprive it of all pretext of neutrality " . Captain Callis of the " Duke " was awarded with a golden medal by the King George II . He also was posted to HMS " Assistance " . Donato Domas and the captains of the Spanish galleys were court - martialled and acquitted as it was found that they had fulfilled his duty .
1965 Saigon bombing On June 26 , 1965 , during the Vietnam War , a series of two bombings took place in Saigon . 42 people were killed in the explosions . My Canh Café . The first bomb detonated at 8 : 15 p . m . ( local time ) in a floating restaurant " My Canh Café " on the banks of the Saigon River . 31 – 32 people were killed , and 42 were wounded . Of the casualties , 13 were American , and many others were Vietnamese citizens . Second bombing . At the same time as the first blast another bomb exploded next to a tobacco stall on the bank of the river near the floating restaurant . The blast killed at least one American woman .
Falkenstein Castle ( Lower Austria ) The ruins of Falkenstein Castle ( ) is located in the Weinviertel region of Lower Austria , about 55 km north of Vienna near the border to Czech Republic . The history of the castle from the 11th century is as old as the settlement of the region . It was founded around 1050 by Emperor Henry III . 1106 Leopold III , Margrave of Austria purchased the castle , from then on it was owned by the rulers of Austria . 1572 Maximilian II sold Falkenstein to the Baron ( later Count ) of Trautson . In 1645 , in the last period of the Thirty Years ' War Falkenstein was conquered by Swedish forces , but not destroyed . Its decay began at the end of the 17th century , when the castle was dismantled by the owners themselves in order to re - use the material . During the summer season , the inner ward is turned into an impressive site for medieval feasts and theatre plays .
Haile Samuel Major General Haile Samuel is current Commander of Operation Zone 4 for Eritrea . Eritrea has Five Operation Zones , each headed by a high - ranking military official . These zones overlap the six administrative regions . The power of the Operation Zone commanders supersedes that of the administrators who head the 6 regions .
Battle of Topáter The Battle of Topáter was fought on March 23 , 1879 between Chile and Bolivia , and was the first battle of the War of the Pacific . The Chileans were taking possession of the Antofagasta ( Litoral ) province , at that time a part of Bolivia . The Bolivian troops , quite few in number , decided to make a stand in the town of Calama . On their way to occupy Calama , 554 Chilean troops , including cavalry and with two Krupp rifled guns , were opposed by 135 Bolivian soldiers and civilian residents led by Dr . Ladislao Cabrera , a civilian and a political authority in the region . The Bolivians presented battle next to the Topáter River , which runs outside the city . Cabrera dug in at two destroyed bridges ; calls to surrender were rejected before and during the battle . Outnumbered and low in ammunition , most of the Bolivian force eventually withdrew , except for a small group of civilians led by Colonel Eduardo Abaroa that fought to the end . The Bolivian national hero , Coronel ( Colonel ) Abaroa , died in this battle . Further ground battles would not take place until the war at sea was resolved .
Irving J . Carr Irving J . Carr was a Major General in the United States Army . Biography . Carr was born on May 29 , 1875 in Chippewa Falls , Wisconsin . He would marry twice . First in 1912 to Margaret Lisle Halley , who died in 1932 . Second in 1942 to Betty Guinn , who died in 1966 . Carr died on June 12 , 1963 . He , Margaret , and Betty are all buried together at Arlington National Cemetery . Career . Carr graduated from the Pennsylvania Military College in 1897 . He was stationed in the Philippines first from 1899 to 1902 , second again from 1903 to 1905 , and third from 1909 to 1911 . During World War I Carr served as a Signal Officer . Following the war his assignments included Chief of Staff of the Hawaiian Division , Director of the Army Industrial College , Executive to the Assistant Secretary of War , and Chief Signal Officer of the Army . His retirement was effective as of December 31 , 1934 . Awards he received include the Silver Star and the Purple Heart .
Pagalo ( PG - 51 ) " Pagalo " ( PG - 51 ) is a patrol vessel operated by the Venezuela Coast Guard . When she was commissioned in 2008 she was the first warship built in Venezuela . The vessel was built in the ACUCAR shipyards in Puerto Cabello to a version of a design from the Damen Group . Other nations operate similar designs , including the Marine Protector class operated by the United States Coast Guard . President Hugo Chavez officiated at the vessel ' s commissioning at La Guaria
SolarStrong SolarStrong is a plan to equip the United States military housing and other structures with solar photovoltaic installations . The original five - year plan involved an installation of 160 , 000 rooftop solar panels with total capacity of 371 MW and total cost about US $ 1 billion . The project was reduced afterwards to 120 , 000 panels . SolarStrong is being carried out by an American energy services provider SolarCity in cooperation with Lend Lease Group involving 124 military bases in 33 states . The financing is agreed with Bank of America Merrill Lynch , USRG Renewable Finance , and U . S . Bancorp . It had a partial $ 344 million federal loan guarantee through the United States Department of Energy Financial Institution Partnership Program ; however , the guarantee was withdrawn after the project implementation started . The project started in 2011 with development of the Joint Base Pearl Harbor - Hickam in Hawaii , followed by Davis – Monthan Air Force Base in Arizona . In 2012 , the project continued with the Los Angeles Air Force Base in California , and Peterson Air Force Base and Schriever Air Force Base in Colorado .
Hispano - Suiza HS . 820 The Hispano - Suiza HS . 820 was a 20 mm autocannon developed primarily for aircraft use , but more widely used in a series of ground - based anti - aircraft guns . After Oerlikon purchased Hispano ' s armaments division in 1970 the HS . 820 became the Oerlikon KAD , supplanting Oerlikon ' s own KAA and KAB weapons in the process . Developed in the post - WWII era , the HS . 820 fired a 20×139 mm round developed from the Swiss 20×139 FMK ( and FK 38 ) as a replacement for their earlier 20×110 mm design of the widely used HS . 404 . The new round was one of two post - war European 20 mm designs , the other being the 20×128 developed by Oerlikon for a similar role . The HS . 820 ' s high 1100 m / s muzzle velocity and equally high 1000 round per minute firing rate made it a formidable weapon . Nevertheless , the rapid introduction of even higher performance revolver cannon s meant the HS . 820 was never as popular in aircraft role as the HS . 404 had been . The weapon was more widely used in a variety of mounts for the anti - aircraft role , especially in naval use . Hispano introduced a number of mountings with a variety of sighting systems , feeds and power traverse . The HS . 639 - B3 ( later known as the GAI - CO1 ) was a single - gun mounting fed from a 75 - round drum , a fairly serious limitation for a gun with such a high rate of fire . Variants included the HS . 639 - B4 ( GAI - CO3 ) with a 50 - round drum mounted on top of the weapon , and the HS . 639 - B5 ( GAI - CO6 ) that used dual 75 - round magazines for longer firing times . The HS 665 was a triple - mount variety using the same drum feeds . The HS . 666A ( GAI - DO1 ) , developed in the mid - 70s , featured two HS . 820 with new 120 - round box magazines mounted on a shared hydraulically powered platform which could be tied into an associated radar - guided fire - control system . The United States produced a slightly modified version of the HS . 820 as the M139 . It saw use on a number of vehicles , including the US Army ' s M114 and the Marine Corps Amphibious Assault Vehicle and the ill - fated MICV - 65 series of armored vehicles . The 20×139 mm round was also widely used in a variety of other weapons , including the Rheinmetall MK 20 Rh 202 ( Mauser Mk . 20 ) and 20 mm modèle F2 gun .
32nd Medical Brigade The 32nd Medical Brigade is a medical brigade in the United States Army formed in 1940 . The units is a part of the United States Army Medical Department Center and School . Structure . The following units are subordinate to the brigade : Lineage . Organized 1 June 1940 in the Regular Army at Carlisle Barracks , Pennsylvania , as Provisional Medical Battalion , The Medical Field Service School Consolidated 11 August 1940 with the 32d Medical Battalion ( concurrently constituted in the Regular Army ) , and consolidated unit designated as the 32d Medical Battalion Inactivated 30 April 1948 at Fort Sam Houston , Texas Redesignated 19 August 1992 as the 132d Medical Battalion Headquarters , 132d Medical Battalion , redesignated 1 October 2002 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company , 32d Medical Brigade ( remainder of the battalion disbanded ) ; concurrently transferred to the United States Army Medical Command and activated at Fort Sam Houston , Texas
Uttama Seva Padakkama The Uttama Seva Padakkama ( " Meritorious Service Medal " ) is presented to all ranks of the Regular Forces of the Sri Lankan military for valuable service and dedication to duty with the outstanding ability , merit and excellent conduct , given that they count not less than 15 years continuous and uninterrupted service and possess and perfectly flawless record of moral and military conduct . Awarding of Medal . The decoration is awarded at the National Day Parade by His / Her Excellency the President , and beneficiary will be permitted to use the post - nominal letters of USP after His / Her name .
RNAS Charlton Horethorne ( HMS Heron II ) RNAS Charlton Horethorne ( HMS Heron II ) was a Royal Naval Air Station in Somerset , England . It opened in 1942 , as a flying training base under the administrative care of HMS Heron . It closed in 1948 and has since been returned to agricultural use . The site was originally planned as a satellite station for RAF Exeter for No . 10 Group of RAF Fighter Command . Construction started in the summer of 1941 . The landing strip was grass rather than tarmac and few permanent buildings apart from the control tower and two blister hangar s , with aircraft being protected by blast pen s . Ground defence was provided by the Somerset Light Infantry . It opened as an RAF station on 10 July 1942 and was made available for use by the Royal Navy and 886 and 887 Squadrons , who flew Fairey Fulmar s were the first to occupy the site , soon to be replaced by 790 Naval Air Squadron . Various squadrons subsequently used the station either while undergoing training and preparation for service or for fighter interception training for Air Direction Radar operators or flight controllers who were trained at RNAS Yeovilton ( HMS Heron ) . In August 1942 891 Naval Air Squadron transferred from RNAS Lee - on - Solent where it had been formed to Charlton Horethorne with six Sea Hurricane s to prepare for carrier operations , later transferring to RNAS St Merryn and then embarking on HMS Dasher to take part in Operation Torch . Other squadrons posted to the base during 1942 included : 782 , 879 and 809 Naval Air Squadron s . On 1 December 1942 Charlton Horethorne was formally transferred from the RAF to the Admiralty and designated as HMS Heron II . In 1943 a new watch tower was built , more runways laid out in the grass and further hangars built . Further squadrons were temporarily stationed at the base with 780 Squadron staying the longest . In 1945 the base was taken over by RAF Maintenance Command who used it for storage until the end of 1947 . It then became a satelitte training field for RAF Old Sarum and kept on a Care and Maintenance basis until it was de - requisitioned and returned to farmland . The old control tower still stands and has been converted into a domestic dwelling .
SM UC - 4 SM " UC - 4 " was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 6 June 1915 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 10 June 1915 as SM " UC - 4 " . Mines laid by " UC - 4 " in her 73 patrols were credited with sinking 36 ships . " UC - 4 " was scuttle d off the coast of Flanders during the German evacuation on 5 October 1918 .
Conquest of Tunis ( 1534 ) The conquest of Tunis occurred on 16 August 1534 when Hayreddin Barbarossa captured the city from the Hafsid ruler Muley Hasan . In 1533 , Suleiman ordered Hayreddin Barbarossa , whom he had summoned from Algiers , to build a large war fleet in the arsenal of Constantinople . Altogether 70 galleys were built during the winter of 1533 - 34 , manned by slave oarsmen , including 1 , 200 Christian ones . With this fleet , Barbarossa conducted aggressive raids along the coast of Italy , until he landed in Tunis on 16 August 1534 , ousting the local ruler , theretofore subservient to the Spanish , the Hafsid Regent Muley Hasan . Barbarossa thus established a strong naval base in Tunis , which could be used for raids in the region , and on nearby Malta . Tunis was a highly strategic location , controlling the passage from the west to the eastern basin of the Mediterranean . In 1535 however , upon the plea of Muley Hasan , emperor Charles V mounted a counter - offensive and retook the city in the Conquest of Tunis ( 1535 ) .
Siege of Toda Castle The was a battle during the Sengoku period ( 16th century ) of Japan . The siege of the castle was personally led by Ōuchi Yoshitaka against Gassantoda Castle located within Izumo Province , under the control of Amago Haruhisa . After a long hard fought siege , Haruhisa ended in victory . Yoshitaka , who had failed in his attempt , withdrew to Yamaguchi , in which he indulged himself within more and more pleasures , until he was even deposed by his retainer , Sue Harukata . References . " The Samurai Sourcebook "
British Solomon Islands Protectorate Defence Force The British Solomon Islands Protectorate Defence Force ( BSIPDF ) was the British colonial military force of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate . The Solomon Islands has not had military forces since it achieved independence from Britain in 1976 . Although the BSIPDF was very small , it played a significant role in the Solomon Islands campaign of World War II . Officers born in the United Kingdom usually led BSIPDF troops . The BSIPDF was commanded by the Solomon Islands ' Resident Commissioner . During the Pacific War of 1942 – 45 , 680 indigenous Solomon Islanders enlisted in the BSIPDF and served in battles such as the Battle of Guadalcanal , alongside Allied forces , fighting the Empire of Japan . ( Another 2 , 000 enrolled in the separate Solomon Islands Labour Corps . ) Allied Coastwatchers in the Solomon Islands often cooperated with or served alongside BSIPDF personnel during operations throughout the Solomon Islands campaign . Prominent members of the BSIPDF included :
German submarine U - 313 German submarine " U - 313 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 11 May 1941 at the " Flender Werke " yard at Lübeck as ' werk ' 313 , launched on 27 March 1943 and commissioned on 20 May under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Friedrich Schweiger . During her career , the U - boat sailed on 12 combat patrols , but sank no ships before she surrendered at Narvik in May 1945 . She was sunk in December as part of Operation " Deadlight " . She was a member of 11 wolfpack s . Service history . The boat ' s service life began with training with the 8th U - boat Flotilla in May 1943 . She was transferred to the 11th flotilla for operations on 1 January 1944 . She was then reassigned to the 13th flotilla on 15 September . She made a pair of short voyages from Kiel in Germany to Stavanger and Bergen in Norway in January 1944 . 1st , 2nd and 3rd patrols . The submarine ' s first patrol began with her departure from Bergen on 26 January 1944 . She arrived at Hammerfest on 2 February but departed again on the 7th . She finished the patrol at Hammerfest on the 29th . " U - 313 " spent her second and third patrols in the Norwegian Sea . 4th , 5th , 6th and 7th patrols . Her fourth sortie took her as far as a point southwest of Bear Island . On 26 June 1944 , she was north of Jan Mayen Island . The boat ' s fifth patrol kept her closer to the Norwegian coast . Her sixth and seventh patrols saw the submarine docking in Skillefjord on 23 September 1944 , having left Narvik on the 20th . She then left the smaller port on the 26th and returned to Narvik . 8th , 9th and 10th patrols . For her eighth sortie , she rounded the North Cape , passing Murmansk . Her ninth patrol was relatively short , beginning in Bodenbucht on 11 December 1944 , ( northwest of Narvik ) and terminating in Trondheim on the 16th . If her previous patrol was brief , her tenth effort , at 57 days , was her longest and involved sailing near to the Orkney Islands . Having departed Trondheim , the boat returned to Narvik . 11th and 12th patrols and fate . Having used Harstad ( northwest of Narvik ) briefly and following the German capitulation , " U - 313 " was moved , first from Narvik to Skjomen fjord , then to Loch Eriboll in Scotland on 19 May 1945 in preparation for Operation " Deadlight " . She was finally transferred to Loch Ryan and sunk on 27 November . According to one source , she capsized while under tow by HMS " Blencathra .
Suffolk Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery Suffolk Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission ( CWGC ) burial ground for the dead of the First World War located in Kemmel in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front . The cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war . Foundation . The cemetery was founded by Commonwealth troops in March and April 1915 . It was then disused , except for one 1917 burial , until October 1918 . The cemetery was founded under the name " Cheapside Cemetery " by the Suffolk Regiment . The October 1918 burials were of soldiers from the York and Lancaster Regiment who had been killed the previous April . The cemetery was designed by J R Truelove who also worked on the Tyne Cot memorial to the missing .