naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Henry Tombs Major General Sir Henry Tombs VC KCB ( 10 November 1825 – 2 August 1874 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Henry Tombs was born in Calcutta , India on the 10th of November 1825 . He was the youngest of seven to Major General John Tombs and Mary Remington . He was sent back to England for an education during which time he studied at Abingdon School . At the age of 14 he entered the East India Company ' s Seminary at Addiscombe , graduating in June 1841 and receiving a commission in the Bengal Horse Artillery . In 1869 he married Georgina Janet Stirling , the youngest daughter of Admiral Sir James Stirling . Their grandson Joseph Tombs received the VC for actions during World War I . Military career . Henry Tombs received his first commission as second lieutenant in the Bengal Horse Artillery on the 11th June 1841 and first saw active service aged 18 during the Gwalior Campaign . He first distinguished himself whilst fighting at the Battle of Punniar with the No . 16 Light Field Battery ( horsedrawn ) and was awarded the Bronze Star in 1843 . During the First Anglo - Sikh War ( 1845 – 1846 ) Henry Tombs became Aide - de - Camp to Lieutenant General Sir Harry Smith and was present at the Battle of Moodkee , the Battle of Ferozeshah and the Battle of Aliwal . He was awarded a Sutlej Medal with two clasps ( for Ferozeshuhur and Aliwal ) in 1848 . During the Second Anglo - Sikh War ( 1848 – 1849 ) Henry Tombs was promoted to Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General of Artillery and was present at Battle of Ramnagar , the Battle of Chillianwallah and the Battle of Goojerat . He received the Punjab Medal with two clasps ( for Chillianwallah and Goojerat ) and was subsequently promoted Major . Henry Tombs ' saw service for a fourth time during the Indian Mutiny during which he commanded a troop of Horse Artillery . On the 31st of May , 1857 his horse was shot from beneath him for a first time . He fought at the Battle of Budleekeserai where two horses were shot from under him . Tombs was also present at the Siege of Delhi during which he commanded the Bengal Horse Artillery . It was during this siege , on the 9th of July , 1857 that he performed the act of gallantry for which he was to be awarded the Victoria Cross . Victoria Cross . At the age of thirty - one , when a major in the Bengal Horse Artillery , Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny , the following deed took place at the Siege of Delhi for which he and James Hills were awarded the VC : The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Artillery Museum , Woolwich , London .
Spaulders Spaulders are pieces of armour in a harness of plate armour . Typically , they are a single plate of steel or iron covering the shoulder with bands ( lames ) joined by straps of leather or rivets . Description . Developed during the Middle Ages , the use of spaulders declined during the 15th century due to the evolution of pauldrons . Unlike pauldrons , spaulders do not cover the arm pits . Instead , the gaps may be covered by besagew s or simply left bare , exposing the mail beneath . Modern use . Though the use of spaulders has declined , various craftsmen and machine shops still exist which can craft a pair of spaulders for use in a museum or in simulated combat during reenactments . Additionally , the Iraq War saw the introduction of a modern day version of the spaulder , in the form of the " Deltoid Axillary Protector " add - on to the Interceptor body armour worn by US soldiers .
Russo - Turkish War ( 1686 – 1700 ) The Russo – Turkish War of 1686 – 1700 was part of the joint European effort to confront the Ottoman Empire . The larger European conflict was known as the Great Turkish War . The Russo – Turkish War began after the Tsardom of Russia joined the European anti - Turkish coalition ( Habsburg Austria , Poland – Lithuania , Venice ) in 1686 , after Poland - Lithuania agreed to recognize Russian incorporation of Kiev and the left - bank of the Ukraine . War . During the war , the Russian army organized the Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 both which ended in Russian defeats . Despite these setbacks , Russia launched the Azov campaigns in 1695 and 1696 , and after raising the siege in 1695 successfully occupied Azov in 1696 . Peace treaty . In light of preparations for the war against the Swedish Empire , Russian Czar Peter the Great signed the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire in 1699 . The subsequent Treaty of Constantinople in 1700 , ceded Azov , the Taganrog fortress , Pavlovsk and Mius to Russia and established a Russian ambassador in Constantinople , and secured the return of all prisoners of war . The Tsar also affirmed that his subordinates , the Cossacks , would not attack the Ottomans , while the Sultan affirmed his subordinates , the Crimean Tatars , would not attack the Russians .
José Antonio Vidaurre Colonel José Antonio Vidaurre Garretón ( December 22 , 1798 - October 4 , 1837 ) was a Chilean military officer who led a failed insurrection in 1837 that culminated in the assassination of minister Diego Portales . He was born in Concepción , the son of Juan Manuel Vidaurre Ugalde de la Concha and Isabel Garretón . In 1813 , at the age of 15 , he joined the Chilean militia and fought in the Chilean War of Independence as a private , under General Juan Gregorio de las Heras . His bravery helped him win fast promotion , and by 1817 he was already a full captain . He participated in the Battles of Talcahuano and Cancha Rayada , and finally at Maipú in 1818 . He married Valentina Palma and they had four children : Filemón , Emilio , Josefa and Isabel . By 1820 he was a member of the Chilean Army General Staff . As such he participated in the campaigns to capture Chiloé , where he was promoted to Sergeant Major . In 1830 , after participating in the battles of Osorno and Lircay , he was promoted to colonel . Notwithstanding his brilliant military career , he was several times involved in mutinies against his superiors . In 1823 , he participated of a rebellion against General José Joaquín Prieto in Rancagua . In 1828 he joined the rebellion against President Francisco Antonio Pinto . He was notorious as a person who held changing political ideas , being very fond of public opinion and easily suggestionable by his friends . On June 3 , 1837 he led a rebellion against the government of President José Joaquín Prieto and in opposition to Chilean participation in the War of the Confederation . On that day , while commander of the " Maipo " regiment , he captured and imprisoned minister Diego Portales while he was reviewing troops at the army barracks in Quillota . Vidaurre immediately proceeded to attack Valparaíso on the mistaken belief that public opinion opposed to the war would support him and topple the government . He was defeated at the Battle of Barón , on June 6 , and subsequently had minister Portales assassinated by his guardians . He was captured four months later , court - martialed and sentenced to death . He was publicly executed on Orrego square in Valparaiso , in 1837 .
1st Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 1st Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . Abraham Lincoln ' s first call for volunteers in April , 1861 required Maine to raise one regiment of infantry . This was done by reorganizing ten existing companies of the state militia , completed at Portland , Maine on 28 April 1861 and mustered into service on 3 May 1861 , a total of 779 soldiers . The regimental commander was Colonel Nathaniel Jackson . The First Maine was transferred to Washington , D . C . on 1 June 1861 , where it remained until 1 August 1861 , encamped on Meridian Hill . It spent its entire service in the Washington defenses and saw no combat . They were mustered out on 5 August 1861 . Many soldiers in the regiment who wanted to remain in service reenlisted into the 10th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment . The Regimental history was published as " The History of the 1st - 10th - 29th Maine Regiment " written by Major John Mead Gould . Casualties . The regiment lost no men during its brief period of service .
Landing Ship Logistics Landing Ship Logistics ( LSL ) is a term used by the United Kingdom armed forces to describe the Round Table class of landing ship used in the support of amphibious warfare missions . These ships were operated by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary . The last ship in service sailed home for the last time in 2008 and the class has been replaced by the new Bay class ships , which are described as landing ship dock ( LSD ) . The landing ship logistics is currently used by several regiments , mainly the Royal Logistic Corps 17 port & maritime division .
AN / AQS - 20A The AQS - 20A is an airborne SONAR mine countermeasure detection system , developed by Raytheon . The system is utilized by the MH - 60S and MH - 53E helicopters and as part of the mission package for the Littoral Combat Ship s ( LCS ) and some United States Navy Destroyer s of the Arleigh Burke class . However , only one destroyer has been outfitted with the specific mission package as of April 2009 . The AN / AQS - 20 mine hunting sonar systems will be employed for deeper mine threats . The " Q - 20 " , as it is commonly called , is an underwater towed body containing a high resolution , side - looking , multibeam sonar system used for minehunting along the ocean bottom . This rapidly deployable system provides real - time sonar images to operators in the aircraft to locate , classify , mark and record mine - like objects and underwater terrain features . The AQS - 20 has an active , stabilized underwater vehicle , equipped with advanced multiple - beam side - looking sonar . The helicopter tows the underwater body by a small - diameter electromechanical cable while on board the helicopter , an operator can view the underwater image and identify objects on a video monitor while recording the data on S - VHS digital tapes for post mission analysis . Operators actually fly the device underwater , controlling the depth of the device the same way that an airplane controls its altitude . Once located , the exact coordinates of mine - like objects can be used by Explosive Ordnance Disposal ( EOD ) personnel to reacquire and neutralize the mine . The US Navy has awarded a contract to NG to apply the system to future USVs . Nomenclature . Per the Joint Electronics Type Designation System ( JETDS ) , the nomenclature AN / AQS - 20A is derived this way :
Eric Lomax Eric Sutherland Lomax ( 30 May 1919 - 8 October 2012 ) was a British Army officer who was sent to a Japan ese prisoner - of - war camp in 1942 . He is most famous for writing a book , " The Railway Man " , on his experience before , during , and after World War II , which won the 1996 NCR Book Award and the J . R . Ackerley Prize for Autobiography . Early life . Lomax was born in Edinburgh on 30 May 1919 . He left school at 16 and joined the Post Office . On 8 April 1936 , he became a sorting clerk and telegraphist in Edinburgh . On 10 March 1937 , he was promoted to the clerical class . Military service . In 1939 , aged 19 , Lomax joined the Royal Corps of Signals before World War II broke out . Following time in the 152nd Officer Cadet Training Unit , he was commissioned as a second lieutenant on 28 December 1940 . He was given the service number 165340 . He was a Royal Signals officer attached to the 5th Field Regiment , Royal Artillery . As a lieutenant , he was captured by the Japanese following the surrender of Singapore in February 1942 . He , along with the other prisoners , undertook a forced march to Changi Prison . He was then taken to Kanchanaburi , Thailand and forced to build the Burma Railway . On 12 September 1946 , it was gazetted that he had been mentioned in despatches " in recognition of gallant and distinguished services while [ a Prisoner ] of War " . He was awarded the Efficiency Medal ( Militia ) in 1949 and was granted the honorary rank of captain . Later life . Lomax ' s later life included reconciliation with one of his former torturers , interpreter Takashi Nagase of Kurashiki , Japan , on the bridge over the river Kwai , which was built by prisoner - of - war labour . Takashi had written a book on his own experiences during and after the war entitled " Crosses and Tigers " , and financed a Buddhist temple at the bridge to atone for his actions during the war . The meeting between the two men was filmed as a documentary " Enemy , My Friend ? " ( 1995 ) , directed by Mike Finlason . The film received several awards . Lomax ' s autobiography " The Railway Man " was published in 1995 . John McCarthy , a journalist who was held hostage for five years , described Lomax ' s book as " an extraordinary story of torture and reconciliation " . It was made into a television drama " Prisoners in Time " starring John Hurt as Lomax in 1995 . The book is being made into a big - screen film of the same name , and shooting started in April 2012 . Directed by Jonathan Teplitzky ( director of " Better Than Sex " ) , the film stars Colin Firth and Jeremy Irvine as the older and younger Eric Lomax respectively , and Nicole Kidman as Patti , the woman who befriended and later married Lomax . He was a council member of The Freedom Association . Lomax ' s death , at the age of 93 , was announced by the BBC on 8 October 2012 .
William P . Crowell William Pierce Crowell ( born November 25 , 1940 ) was Deputy Director of the National Security Agency from 1994 to 1997 , during which time he was the highest ranking civilian in the agency , who oversaw management . Joining as an agency recruiter for the NSA in 1962 , Crowell was also Deputy Director for Operations of the agency from October 1991 to February 1994 . He has also served on many boards and as president of private sector intelligence and security companies , including Cylink Corporation , Broadware Technologies , Prominex , ArcSight , Inc . , Narus , SafeNet , Inc . , DRS Technologies , Inc . , AirPatrol as well as on the SunFed Board of Directors . He retired from the NSA on September 12 , 1997 .
Glider Badge The Glider Badge was a qualification badge of the United States Army . According to the U . S . Army Institute of Heraldry , the badge was awarded to personnel who had " been assigned or attached to a glider or airborne unit or to the Airborne Department of the Infantry School ; satisfactorily completed a course of instruction , or participated in at least one combat glider mission into enemy - held territory . Following the close of the Second World War , the Glider Badge was authorized to any service member who had completed glider unit training at the Airborne School . Glider - borne soldiers wore a wing trimming ( a . k . a . oval ) behind their Glider Badges to signify assignment to glider units . The color pattern of the trimming varied depending upon the unit . ( Note : During World War II the term " Airborne " included parachute , glider , and air - landing units . With the elimination of glider and air - landing units from the force structure in the post - war years , Airborne became synonymous with parachute units only . ) U . S . Army glider units participated in eight glider - airborne operations during World War II . These were the invasion of Sicily ( Operation HUSKY , 9 - 13 JUL 1943 ) , 1st Air Commando Group in Burma ( Operation THURSDAY , MAR - MAY 1944 ) , Normandy invasion ( Operation NEPTUNE ( airborne phase of Operation OVERLORD , 6 - 8 JUN 1944 ) , invasion of southern France ( Operation DRAGOON , 15 AUG 1944 ) , invasion of Netherlands ( Operation MARKET , airborne phase of MARKET - GARDEN , 17 - 23 SEP 1944 ) , re - supply of Bastogne ( a flight on 25 DEC 1944 and Operation REPULSE , 26 - 27 DEC 1944 ) , Rhine River crossing at Wesel ( Operation VARSITY , 24 MAR 1945 ) , and finally , at Aparri , Luzon , PI ( Operation GYPSY , 23 JUN 1945 ) . In the post - World War II years , the US Army converted its remaining glider units to parachute . For example , the 325th Glider Infantry Regiment of the 82d Airborne Division was reorganized and redesignated on 15 December 1947 as the 325th Infantry Regiment ( neither glider nor regular infantry ) , and then reorganized and redesignated again on 15 December 1948 as the 325th Airborne Infantry . Likewise , the 319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion , also part of the 82d Airborne Division , was reorganized and redesignated on 15 December 1947 as the 319th Field Artillery Battalion , and then reorganized and redesignated on 15 December 1948 as the 319th Airborne Field Artillery Battalion . Although glider units and glider training had ceased to exist , the badge was not formally rescinded until 3 May 1961 ; however , it remains authorized for wear by those who earned it .
Peter Norton ( GC ) Major Peter Allen Norton , GC ( born 10 December 1962 ) is a retired ammunition technical officer with the British Army ' s Royal Logistic Corps who was awarded the George Cross for his service in Iraq . Biography . Norton was born in Edmonton , London , but grew up in Margate , Kent , and joined the Royal Army Ordnance Corps ( which later amalgamated into the Royal Logistic Corps ) as a private in 1983 . He reached the rank of warrant officer class 1 and was appointed a conductor , the most senior non - commissioned appointment in the British Army , before being commissioned as a captain on 8 July 2002 . He was promoted to major on 31 July 2008 . On 1 August 2013 , Norton retired from the army on medical grounds . George Cross . A captain at the time , he was second - in - command of the American Combined Explosives Exploitation Cell ( CEXC ) based in the outskirts of Baghdad . Going to the aid of a United States Army patrol that had been attacked by an improvised explosive device ( IED ) on 24 July 2005 , he was checking for the presence of further devices when a secondary victim - operated IED exploded . He lost his left leg and part of his left arm , and he sustained serious injuries to his other leg and lower back . Despite his injuries , he continued to give instructions to his team , suspecting that further devices might be in the vicinity . He refused to be evacuated until he was certain that all personnel on the ground were aware of the danger . A third device was subsequently located and dealt with the following day . The award was gazetted in a supplement to the " London Gazette " of 24 March 2006 . Since his team contained two special agents of the FBI , Norton was also awarded the FBI Star on 27 March 2009 .
Battle of Myonessus The naval Battle of Myonessus was fought in 190 BC during the war of Rome against Antiochus III the Great for the domination over Greece , between a Seleucid Empire fleet and a Roman plus Rhodian fleet . The Romans were victorious . The account of Appian :
Marvin Lee Ramsden Marvin Lee Ramsden was born on January 2 , 1919 at Pleasant Lake , North Dakota . Navy career . Ramsden enlisted in the Navy May 21 , 1936 and reported for duty in on October 8 , 1936 . Awarded the Silver Star . During the Battle of the Coral Sea , May 8 , 1942 , " Coxswain Ramsden " , a member of Lexington ' s crew throughout his career , remained at his exposed station , despite wounds , continuing to operate a rangefinder in the face of intense enemy strafing and dive - bombing attacks until he died . For his gallant and intrepid conduct , he was posthumously awarded the Silver Star . Namesake . was named in his honor . The ship was laid down March 26 , 1943 by the Brown Shipbuilding Corp . , Houston , Texas ; launched May 24 , 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . James L . Ramsden , mother of " Coxswain Ramsden " ; and commissioned October 19 , 1943 , Lt . Comdr . J . E . Madacey , USCG , in command .
70th Infantry Regiment ( United States ) The 70th Infantry Regiment was a Regular Army infantry regiment in the United States Army . It was constituted 9 July 1918 in the Regular Army as the 70th Infantry . Assigned to the 10th Infantry Division . Organized 10 August 1918 at Camp Funston , Kansas . from personnel of the 20th Infantry . Relieved from the 10th Division and demobilized 13 February 1919 at Camp Funston .
USS Welcome ( SP - 1175 ) USS " Welcome " ( SP - 1175 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 or 1919 . " Welcome " was built as a private open - cockpit motorboat of the same name at Saint Paul , Minnesota , in 1914 . She was used as a commercial sightseeing boat on the Saint Louis River . On 7 August 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner , R . H . Wilcox of Detroit , Michigan , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Welcome " ( SP - 1175 ) on 17 August 1917 . " Welcome " operated on patrol duties on the Great Lakes until the annual icing over of the lakes ended the 1917 shipping season , when the patrol boat towed her to the American Boat Company dock at Detroit , Michigan , in late November 1917 for seasonal lay - up . She returned to service after the spring thaw in 1918 , and patrolled until the end of the 1918 shipping season in November 1918 . " Welcome " was returned to " Wilcox " on 7 March 1919 and stricken from the Navy List the same day .
78th Aviation Troop Command Home - stationed at Clay National Guard Center in Marietta , the 78th Aviation Troop Command is the aviation arm of the Georgia Army National Guard . Mission . The mission of the 78th ’ s more than 574 pilots , aircrew , maintenance , and support personnel is to mobilize and deploy aviation forces for providing command and control , air movement , and air assault operations in support of combat operations worldwide , as well as to provide aviation support during state and national emergencies in response to homeland defense operations . Deployments . In December 2010 , Company C , 1st Battalion , 185th Aviation Regiment teamed up with soldiers of the 1st Battalion ( General Support ) , 171st Aviation Regiment to provide command , control and communication enhancement , as well as movement of cargo and troops in Iraq . They also deployed to provide aero - medical evacuation coverage to their assigned battle space as U . S . forces in Iraq were transitioning from Operation Iraqi Freedom to . On February 3 , 2011 , Detachment 1 , Company C , 1st Battalion , 111th Aviation Regiment deployed to Fort Hood before heading to Iraq , to begin its yearlong mission of providing MEDEVAC support as part of the Army ’ s National Guard ' s Combat Aviation Brigade , 40th Infantry Division ( CA ARNG ) , and the Combat Aviation Brigade , 29th Infantry Division ( MD ARNG ) to coalition forces involved in Operation New Dawn in Iraq . Units . The 78th Aviation Troop Command consists of 14 units : Accomplishments . The 78th Aviation created the C - 27J Spartan Joint Cargo Aircraft facility at Robins Air Force Base . Facility personnel successfully supported the first C - 27J aircraft qualification courses taught there by New York - based L - 3 Communications . Georgia Army National Guard Aviation has been , and remains , integral in the selection and fielding of the C - 27J Spartan JCA . In 2010 , Company H , 171st Aviation Regiment personnel successfully completed the multi - service operational test and evaluation of the aircraft , thereby completing transfer of the program , on time and budget , to the Georgia Air National Guard .