naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Trinh Trang Trịnh Tráng ( 1577 – 1654 ) ruled Vietnam from 1623 to 1654 . Trịnh Tráng , one of the famous Trịnh lords who ruled Vietnam . He started the Trịnh – Nguyễn War in 1627 and launched several major offensives which failed to crush the Nguyễn lords . Early life . Trịnh Tráng was the eldest son of Trịnh Tùng . He took power after a brief succession struggle at the time of Trịnh Tùng ' s death . The main problem he faced during his rule was the power and independence of the Nguyễn lords who ruled the southern - most provinces of Vietnam . In modern terms the Nguyễn ruled over Thừa Thiên – Huế Province , Da Nang , Quảng Nam Province , and Quảng Ngãi Province . This was the frontier of Vietnam and , as these provinces were newly conquered from the Champa , there was new land to farm and plenty of work for ambitious men . In 1600 , the first Nguyễn Lord , Nguyễn Hoàng , refused to acknowledge the authority of the Trịnh - dominated court in Hanoi . With the death of Trịnh Tùng , the current Nguyễn Lord , Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên refused to send any taxes or soldiers to the court . After years of rising tension , Trịnh Tráng went to war against the Nguyễn . War . Trịnh Tráng launched many major offensives against the Nguyễn , but all of them failed . The first attack lasted four months in the summer of 1627 . The next was a sea assault , it was defeated in 1633 . Two more assaults were made against the Nguyễn ' s mighty defensive wall in 1642 and 1643 . This time , with the aid of advanced Dutch cannons , one wall was breached but the other wall held firm . 1643 also marked the resignation of the king , Lê Than Tông , in favor of his son , Lê Chan Tông . In 1648 a major offensive came to grief as the Royal ( Trịnh ) army was defeated at the battle of Truong Duc . The young king died at this time ( Some people believe it was as a result of the battle ) and so his father , Lê Than Tông , took the throne for a second time . Now the Nguyễn tried going on the offensive . In 1653 , the Nguyễn army attacked north and defeated the weakened Royal army . Quảng Bình Province was captured . Then Hà Tĩnh Province fell to the Nguyễn army . In the following year , Trịnh Tráng died as Nguyen forces made attacks into Nghệ An Province . Although he controlled a large , well organized state , with a powerful military and advanced European cannons , Trịnh Tráng was completely unsuccessful in his attempts to conquer the smaller and weaker Nguyen territory . At the end of his life it was the Nguyễn who were on the offensive . Trịnh Tráng ' s only success came against the Mac . During his rule , the Royal army captured all but Cao Bằng Province from the weakened Mac rulers .
Andries P Putter Vice Admiral Andries Petrus Putter SSA ( born 2 December 1935 ) was a South African military commander , who served as Chief of the South African Navy twice , first from 1982 to 1985 and again from 1989 to 1990 He was born in Brits in 1935 . He joined the Navy after a career in the Merchant Navy in 1960 . In 1969 he commanded the SAS " Port Elizabeth " and became Senior Officer of the Minesweeper Flotilla . In 1982 he was appointed Chief of Naval Staff and in 1985 as the Chief of the Navy He later served as Chief of Defence Intelligence
Gabriel de Clieu Gabriel - Mathieu Francois D ' ceus de Clieu ( region of Dieppe , France , " ca . " 1687 – Paris , 29 November 1774 ) , naval officer , was the governor of Guadeloupe from 1737 to 1752 and the founder of Pointe - à - Pitre . He was awarded the rank of commander of the Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis . De Clieu is celebrated for his claim to have introduced coffee to the French colonies of the Western Hemisphere in the 1720s and his support for its cultivation . Introduction of Coffee to Martinique . The story of de Clieu ' s introduction of coffee comes from his account in the " Année littéraire " of 1774 . According to this account , he arranged to transport a coffee plant ( or perhaps several ) from the greenhouses of the Jardin royal des plantes ( which had originally received two plants from Holland in the 1710s ) to Martinique in 1720 . According to de Clieu ' s account , water was rationed on the voyage , and he shared his ration with the seedlings . The story is repeated in many histories of coffee . However , a recent history points out that though it may well be true that de Clieu brought a seedling to Martinique , and perhaps even that he shared his water ration with it , coffee was already growing in the Western Hemisphere : in the French colony of Saint - Domingue since 1715 and in the Dutch colony of Surinam since 1718 . Museum . De Clieu ' s descendants in Dieppe , France are currently working a museum to commemorate the legend of DeClieu . [ 9 - Stewart Lee Allen , The Devil ' s Cup , New York : Ballantine , 1999 , 158 . ]
126th Division ( People ' s Republic of China ) The 126th Division was a division deployed by the People ' s Republic of China . History . The 126th Division was a military formation deployed by the People ' s Republic of China as part of the People ' s Volunteer Army ( Chinese People ' s Volunteers ( CPV ) or Chinese Communist Forces ( CCF ) ) during the Korean War . It had a standard strength of approximately 10 , 000 men . It was a component of the 42nd Army , consisting of the 376th , 377th , and 378th Regiments . Current . The current status of the unit is unknown .
Seaforth Armoury The Seaforth Armoury is a Canadian Forces armoury located at 1650 Burrard Street in Vancouver , British Columbia . It is the home of The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada , a Primary Reserve Infantry unit . The building was designed by the architectural firm of McCarter and Nairne , and is now listed as a Class A Heritage Building . History . From their creation in 1910 until 1935 The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada paraded at the Beatty Street Drill Hall with the Duke of Connaught ’ s Own Rifles . The government was petitioned for a separate armoury to house the regiment and in the early 1930s a site was selected . The site selected was a plot of unused land at the south end of the recently completed Burrard Street Bridge . The address was fixed at 1650 on what had been called Cedar Street but upon completion of the bridge Cedar Street became Burrard Street . Work began in 1935 and construction was finished in 1936 . The Armoury was opened on the 26th of August 1936 . The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada formed up in a hollow square and The Governor General , Lord Tweedsmuir took the Royal Salute as the first parade was held on the Square . Occupants . In the Canadian Forces , an armoury is a place where a reserve unit trains , meets , and parades . As well as being the home of the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada The Seaforth Armoury is home to the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada Regimental Museum and Archives , an official Canadian Forces Museum . In addition the armoury also garrisons 2 Cadet units :
Defensive war A defensive war is one of the causes that justify war by the criteria of the Just War tradition . It means a war where at least one nation is mainly trying to defend itself from another , as opposed to a war where both sides are trying to invade and conquer each other .
Arthur O ' Neill The Honorable Arthur Edward Bruce O ' Neill ( 19 September 1876 – 6 November 1914 ) , was an Irish Ulster Unionist Party politician who was the first Member of Parliament to be killed in World War I . O ' Neill was the second but eldest surviving son of Edward O ' Neill , 2nd Baron O ' Neill , and his wife Lady Louisa Katherine Emma ( née Cochrane ) . Hugh O ' Neill , later Baron Rathcavan , was his younger brother . Arthur O ' Neill was elected to the House of Commons for Mid - Antrim in 1910 , succeeding his uncle Robert Torrens O ' Neill . O ' Neill fought in the First World War as a Captain in the 2nd Life Guards and was killed in action at Klein Zillebeke ridge , 6 November 1914 , aged 38 , the first MP to be killed in the conflict . His brother Hugh succeeded him as MP for Mid - Antrim . O ' Neill married Lady Annabel , daughter of Robert Crewe - Milnes , 1st Marquess of Crewe , in 1902 . Their eldest son Shane succeeded his grandfather in the barony in 1928 while their third son Terence O ' Neill was Prime Minister of Northern Ireland between 1963 and 1969 . Lady Annabel O ' Neill later remarried and died in 1948 .
Naval Station Mobile Naval Station Mobile , is a former United States Navy Naval Station . It opened in 1985 during the creation of the Strategic Homeport program under the administration of President Ronald Reagan . In 1994 , the homeport was closed , as part of declining funding under the 1993 Base Realignment and Closure Commission .
2nd Connecticut Regt ( 1775 ) The 2nd Connecticut Regiment ( 1775 ) was authorized in the Connecticut State Troops and was organized from ten companies of volunteers from Hartford county in the state of Connecticut , USA , between 1 – 20 May 1775 . It was adopted on 14 June 1775 into the Main Continental Army and assigned 22 July 1775 to Spencer ' s Brigade . The regiment was re - organized on 1 January 1776 to eight companies and re - designated as the 22nd Continental Regiment .
USS Prime ( AM - 279 ) USS " Prime " ( AM - 279 ) was laid down 15 September 1943 by Gulf Shipbuilding Corp . , Chickasaw , Alabama , launched 22 January 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . L . W . Thompson , and commissioned 12 September 1944 , Lt . Edward P . O ' Callahan Jr . , USNR , in command . World War II Pacific Theatre operations . Following shakedown off the east coast , USS Prime reported to Service Force Atlantic , Norfolk , Virginia , 1 December 1944 . After duty off Bermuda and the east coast , she arrived at the Panama Canal Zone , and reported for duty to the U . S . Pacific Fleet 12 July 1945 . In September , while at Okinawa , she was assigned to the Reserve Fleet . Following a change of assignment from the 19th to the U . S . 16th Fleet , she was marked expendable in March 1946 . Demilitarized , she steamed to Shanghai , China . End - of - war deactivation . " Prime " was decommissioned 29 May 1946 and sold to China at Shanghai , China as Yung Feng ( MMC - 50 ) , decommissioned and struck from the Naval Register 1 May 1973 . Fate unknown .
Royal Thai Air Force Bases Within the period of 1954 - 1975 ( the Vietnam War or Second Indochina War ) , the Thai Government allowed the Joint United States Military Assistance Group ( JUSMAG ) to fund and manage the modernization of Royal Thai Air Force airbases . In an unsigned agreement these airbases were to be operated by the United States Air Force for the specific purpose of attacking North Vietnam with some 500 airplanes . These bases were supplied by a similarly constructed Naval Base near the deep - water port of Sattahip 12 37 ' 42 " N , 100 55 ' 29 " E . Many American military specialists were assigned to JUSMAG - THAI in Bangkok . As many as 45 , 000 US Military personnel were stationed in Thailand . History - 1960s . During the 1960s Thailand experienced one of the most rapid growth rates among developing countries — more than 10 % per year in GNP , and about 8 % per year in real output . The First National Economic Development Plan ( 1961 - 1966 ) was successfully implemented . US grant economic assistance totals about $ 500 million through the end of 1970 . Direct military assistance totaled another $ 800 million for the same period ; continuing at the rate of $ 25 and $ 55 million per year . According to US government statistics , between 1950 and 1987 the US provided Thailand with more than US $ 2 billion in military assistance . The vast nature of this enterprise enriched Thailand at every level of society , enabling a jump in indigenous heavy construction , communications , transportation , and defense . The following categories are found in United States Government Accountability Office catalog summaries : Locomotives , Aeronautical Ground Services , Bangkok - Saraburi Highway , Southern Roads , Development Loans , Technical Support , Civil Police , Village Radios , Agricultural Development , Rural Health , Potable Water , Malaria Eradication , Rural Elecrification , Chiangmai Medical School . Additionally there was the construction of End of War . The end of the war resulted in all US personnel and equipment being removed by 1976 by Thai request . The Royal Thai Air Force found it too costly to operate any but Khorat and Takhli , but so far , the runways of the others may still be usable . These 3000 meter runways are visible from space on Google Earth . Summary of US Aid . The following data is taken from what appears to be a working paper summary of the United States Operations Mission ( USOM ) in Thailand dated 1968 , found at the Cornell University Library " Pamphlet HC Thailand 370 " 3 - 1924 - 007 - 619 - 574 . AID ( Agency for International Development ) Assistance Through FY 1968 ( millions of dollars ) Development Indicators Taiwan vs Thailand : GNP 234 / 141 , Per Capita Electric Power 680 / 58 , Literacy Rate 72 / 70 , Inhabitants per physician 1500 / 7300 , Roads per 1000 square miles 590 / 40 , Population Density 1010 / 170 , Thai Gross National Product ( GNP ) in constant 1965 millions of dollars : 1961 / 2925 , 1962 / 3082 , 1963 / 3386 , 1964 / 3590 , 1965 / 3907 , 1966 / 4339 , 1967 / 4551
Jacques Renouvin Jacques Renouvin ( 6 October 1905 – 24 January 1944 ) was a royalist militant in France during the Second World War and hero of the French resistance . Born in Paris , Renouvin studied law and initially became a lawyer . He initially supported Action française , but left after 6 February 1934 . In November 1938 after the Munich agreement , he garnered attention by publicly slapping Pierre - Étienne Flandin , who had thought it was a good idea to send a congratulatory telegram to Adolf Hitler . Renouvin was mobilised in 1939 , and he was a volunteer for the " corps francs " . He fought a brilliant campaign , being wounded and taken prisoner . He escaped from the hospital to which he had been brought . After demobilisation , he moved to the free zone in late 1940 , and joined the underground movement " Liberté " created by a small group of Christian democrat teachers . Specifically responsible for propaganda , he organised youth commandos in pursuit of this . After the merger between " Liberté " et " Les Petites Ailes " which gave rise to " Combat " , Henri Frenay put Renouvin in charge of organising " Groupes francs " throughout the free zone . This position made him one of the most wanted resistance members by all the police . Renouvin was arrested on the 29 January 1943 by the " Gestapo " at Brive - la - Gaillarde railway station , along with Mireille Tronchon whom he had married while in hiding . He was transferred to Fresnes Prison and tortured for several months before being deported to Germany on the 29 August 1943 . Interned in Mauthausen concentration camp , he died of exhaustion on 24 January 1944 . He had a son , Bertrand Renouvin , from his marriage to Mireille Tronchon ; Bertrand was born on 15 June 1943 while his mother was still being held in La Santé prison . A postage stamp of value 20 centime s was issued in 1961 in Renouvin ' s memory .
142nd Indiana Infantry Regiment The 142nd Indiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from Indiana that served in the Union Army between November 3 , 1864 , and July 14 , 1865 , during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was recruited at Fort Wayne and organized at Indianapolis , Indiana , with a strength of 1 , 015 men and mustered in on November 3 , 1864 . It left Indiana for Nashville , Tennessee , on November 18 was assigned post duty there until July 1865 . The regiment was attached to the 2nd Brigade , 4th Division , 20th Corps and was left behind when the Corps marched into Georgia with Major General Sherman ' s Army . With the 2nd Brigade , the regiment was in reserve at the Battle of Nashville on December 15 – 16 , 1864 . It occupied the left of the inner line of defense from the Cumberland River to Fort Negley . After the battle , the regiment remained at Nashville until it was mustered out on July 14 , 1865 . During its service the regiment incurred sixty - four fatalities , another twenty - eight deserted and twenty - two men unaccounted for .
Armstrong Whitworth Atlas The Armstrong Whitworth Atlas was a British single - engine biplane designed and built by Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft . It served as an army co - operation aircraft for the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) in the 1920s and 1930s . It was the first purpose - designed aircraft of the type to serve with the RAF . Development . The Armstrong Whitworth Atlas was designed by a team led by John Lloyd , chief designer of Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft , as a replacement for the DH . 9A and Bristol Fighter as an army co - operation aircraft for the RAF , in parallel with the related aircraft , the Ajax and Aries . The Atlas was intended to meet the requirements of Specification 20 / 25 . The prototype Atlas ( " G - EBLK " ) was built as a private venture , first flying on 10 May 1925 . It was delivered to the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment ( A & AEE ) , Martlesham Heath , where it was evaluated against the Bristol Boarhound , de Havilland Hyena , Vickers Vespa , and Short Chamois . It proved superior in performance and handling and was recommended for production . While the performance was generally good , the prototype could not be sideslipped steeply , and this resulted in a redesign where sweptback metal wings , with differing wing section , were fitted . When tested again , the Atlas was found to have lost its good handling , having dangerous stall characteristics . The Atlas had already been ordered for service , however , and suffered a number of accidents during takeoff and landing in the first few months of operation until modified with automatic slats and increased sweepback . This cured the poor handling . The production Atlas had a steel tube fuselage with fabric covering with single - bay swept metal wings . It could be fitted with a hook under the fuselage to pick up messages and could carry a 460 lb ( 210 kg ) bombload under the wings . Operational history . The first batch of 37 aircraft were ordered in 1927 , entering service with 13 Squadron RAF and 26 Squadron in that year . Once the initial handling problems had been solved by the fitting of slats , the Atlas proved well suited to the army co - operation role , serving both at home and overseas , with 208 squadron , being the first squadron to operate Atlases outside Britain , replacing Bristol fighters at Heliopolis , Egypt in 1930 . Atlases were also used for communications duties and as advanced trainers , with 175 dual - control models built . The Atlas continued in service in the army co - operations role until replaced with the Hawker Audax , a variant of the Hawker Hart , with the last operational squadron , 208 , re - equipping in 1935 . It was also replaced in the advanced trainer role in 1935 by the Hawker Hart Trainer . Four civil registered Atlas trainers were used by Air Service Training Ltd for advanced and reserve flying training . They were scrapped in 1938 .
Robert Erskine Colonel Robert Erskine ( 1735 – 1780 ) was a Scottish inventor and later an American officer in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War . Born in Scotland , Erskine was an inventor and engineer of some renown in his native land . He attended the University of Edinburgh and started a failed business in his youth . He invented the " Continual Stream Pump " and " Platometer " , a centrifugal hydraulic engine , and experimented with other hydraulic system s . He became active in civic issues and increasingly gained the respect of his community . In 1771 , he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society , a prestigious appointment in the scientific community . In 1771 , the owners of the ironworks near Ringwood , New Jersey , tapped Erskine to replace Peter Hasenclever as iromaster after Hasenclever ' s profligate spending nearly bankrupted the operation . Erskine immediately set about trying to make the operation profitable . His efforts were cut short by the American Revolutionary War . Erskine was sympathetic to the American cause , but worried that might he lose his workers to the army . He organized them into a militia and was appointed a militia captain in August 1775 . Once the war broke out in earnest , there was concern among the rebels that the British warships would use the Hudson river to attack northern forts and separate New England from the rest of the colonies . Erskine , ever the engineer , designed a tetrahedron - shaped marine Chevaux - de - Frise — essentially a barrier that would keep warships from moving upriver . George Washington was impressed with Erskine from the moment they met and appointed him to the post of Geographer and Surveyor General of the Continental Army in 1777 . Following his appointment , Erskine drew upwards of 275 maps covering the northern sector of the war . His maps of the region , showing roads , buildings , and other details , were of much use to Gen . Washington and remain historically valuable today . Many of these maps can be found in the Erskine Dewitt Map Collection at the New York Historical Society . Erskine also kept the ironworks in operation supplying critical munitions and materials to Washington ' s army . While out on a map making expedition , Erskine contracted a cold and died on October 2 , 1780 , probably of pneumonia . He is buried at Ringwood Manor in Ringwood State Park in New Jersey . Erskine Lake , as well as Robert Erskine Elementary School , both in Ringwood , New Jersey , are named after him .
Oswald Cawley Oswald Cawley ( 7 October 1882 – 22 August 1918 ) , styled The Honourable from January 1918 , was a British soldier and Liberal Party politician . He was the fourth and youngest son of Frederick Cawley , 1st Baron Cawley and his wife Elizabeth Smith , daughter of John Smith . His older brother was Harold Thomas Cawley . Cawley was educated at Rugby School and New College , Oxford , where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts . He served as lieutenant of the Shropshire Yeomanry and became a captain of the King ' s Shropshire Light Infantry . He fought in the First World War , where he was killed in action near Merville . Shortly before his death in 1918 , Cawley had been elected in a by - election in January to succeed his father as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Prestwich . It was in memory of Oswald and two other sons - Harold and John - who died in the war that their father endowed a ward at Ancoats Hospital , Manchester , in 1919 at a cost of £10 , 000 .
Robert Francis Withers Allston Robert Francis Withers Allston ( April 21 , 1801April 7 , 1864 ) was the 67th Governor of South Carolina . He was born in Waccamaw , South Carolina . He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1821 , and briefly served as second lieutenant of artillery before resigning in February 1822 . He was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1828 , serving in that body through 1832 . In 1834 , he was elected to the South Carolina Senate , serving in that body until 1856 , being appointed Senate President in 1847 . From 1856 to 1858 he served as Governor of South Carolina . Following South Carolina ' s secession , he was a Confederate presidential elector and served on the Soldier ' s Board of Relief until his death .
Globe KD5G The Globe KD5G was an American target drone produced by Globe Aircraft Corporation that began development in 1949 . " The XKD5G - 1 was an early pulsejet - powered U . S . Navy target drone . The pulsejet was mounted externally , as on the German V - 1 missile of World War II , but was smaller . The drone could fly 540 kilometers ( 335 miles ) per hour and could be recovered by parachute for reuse . " " The XK5DG - 1 originated in 1949 and was tested at the Naval Air Test Center , Point Mugu , California . By 1951 - 52 , speed requirements for drones had increased , and pulsejets were not effective beyond an altitude of 9 , 144 meters ( 30 , 000 feet ) . Thus , further development of the XKD5G - 1 was abandoned . The XKD5G - 1 was one of the last uses of pulsejets by the U . S . military . "