naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Lithuanian partisans ( 1941 ) Lithuanian partisans is a generic term used during World War II by Nazi officials and quoted in books by modern historians to describe Lithuanian collaborators with the Nazis during the first months of the occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany . Lithuanian partisans , mostly fighters against retreating Soviet forces during the June Uprising , were later organized into various auxiliary units by German Nazis . Several of the numerous units assisted and actively participated in mass executions of the Lithuanian Jews mostly in June – August 1941 . The term " Lithuanian partisans " might apply to several different and unrelated groups during 1941 and later :
Creevekeeran Castle Creevekeeran Castle is a castle in County Armagh , Northern Ireland . It stands on a rocky outcrop but only the west wall , three stories high , remains . The castle is a Scheduled Historic Monument sited in the townland of Creevekeeran , in Armagh City and District Council area , at grid ref : H7847 3710 .
Vickers Type 264 Valentia The Valentia ( within the company known as the " Type 264 " ) was a British biplane cargo aircraft built by Vickers for the Royal Air Force . The majority built were conversions of the earlier Vickers Victoria . Design and development . While the Napier Lion - powered Victoria served successfully with the RAF as a bomber transport , by 1932 , the Lion engine was becoming obsolete and it was clear that it could use more power . It was therefore decided to re - engine the aircraft with more powerful Bristol Pegasus engines . It was decided to carry out a two - stage upgrade , with the first , which was designated the Victoria Mk VI , or " Configuration I " , retaining the airframe of the Victoria , and therefore having a limited maximum weight , and a version with a strengthened airframe capable of taking full advantage of the greater power of the Pegasus engine . This was known as " Configuration 2 " and was designated the Vickers Valentia . It flew for the first time in 1934 . Orders were placed for the 28 new build Valentias to Specification 30 / 34 , with a further 54 being converted from Victorias ( Type 278 within the company ) , with production continuing until 1936 . Operational history . The Valentia first entered service with No . 70 Squadron RAF at Hinaidi , Iraq in 1934 , equipping British forces in India , Persia and Iraq . Like the preceding Vernon s and Victorias , the Valentias were extensively used for transport operations in the Middle East , and when necessary used for bombing operations with bomb racks under the wings . Valentias were also fitted with loudspeakers for experiments with sky - shouting ( i . e . using the loudspeakers to address people , in this case potentially rebellious tribes during air policing duties , while in flight ) . The Valentia was also used for experiments with aerial refuelling by Alan Cobham . Valentias were used for night bombing operations over the Western Desert in 1940 and remained in service with the Iraq and Persia Communications Flight until 1944 . The South African Air Force pressed a Valentia into service as a bomber in the East African Campaign in 1940 - 41 .
730th Airlift Squadron The 730th Airlift Squadron ( 730 AS ) is part of the 452d Air Mobility Wing at March Air Reserve Base , California . It operates C - 17 Globemaster III and KC - 135 aircraft providing global airlift . Mission . Organize , train and equip aircrews to provide strategic airlift any time , any place . The 730th Airlift Squadron at March ARB , CA was inactivated on 1 April 2005 . The assigned C - 141 aircraft were retired . It re - opened at Altus AFB , OK as a Det 1 assigned under the original Operations Group at March ARB , CA on 01 Oct 2011 . It is now a new reserve unit building up at Altus with C - 17 and KC - 135R aircraft and it will train aircrew alongside of the active duty units already at Altus . History . Established in mid - 1943 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bombardment squadron ; assigned to II Bomber Command for training , primarily in the Pacific Northwest . Deployed to the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) in January 1944 , being assigned to Eighth Air Force in England . Engaged in strategic bombardment operations over Occupied Europe and Nazi Germany , becoming one of the most highly decorated squadron of the Air Offensive . Engaged in strategic bombardment operations until the German Capitulation in May 1945 . Returned to the United States and prepared for B - 29 transition training , however Japanese Capitulation in August led to unit ' s inactivation in November . Reactivated in the reserves in 1947 as a B - 29 Superfortress bomber squadron , assigned to Long Beach AAF , California . Never equipped with Superfortresses , redesignated as a light bomb squadron and received B - 26 Invaders in 1949 . Moved to George AFB in 1950 when Long Beach was closed . Was deployed to Japan in August 1950 for combat duty during the Korean War , engaged in night bombardment missions over both North and South Korea . Inactivated in May 1952 with assets being reassigned to active - duty units . It has airlifted personnel and cargo worldwide since 1960 . Missions the 729th has flown included humanitarian relief , aeromedical flights , and airdrop s of supplies and paratrooper s . The squadron supported deployment and redeployment of troops to Panama , December 1989 - January 1990 .
277th Infantry Division ( Wehrmacht ) A first 277th Infantry Division ( " 277 . Infanterie - Division " ) was ordered to form on May 22 , 1940 as part of the 10th mobilisation wave ( " 10 . Welle " ) , but this order was rescinded after the French Surrender . A new 277th Infantry Division was formed in Croatia on November 17 , 1943 as part of the 22nd mobilisation wave ( " 22 . Welle " ) , the division was destroyed in the Battle of Normandy in August 1944 . A third , 277th Volksgrenadier Division ( " 277 . Volksgrenadier - Division " ) was formed on September 4 , 1944 in Hungary by redesignation of the newly formed 574th Volksgrenadier Division ( " 574 . Volksgrenadier - Division " ) of the 32nd mobilisation wave ( " 32 . Welle " ) . In 1945 the division entered U . S . captivity in the Ruhr Pocket . Operational history . Except for its formation time in Croatia and Hungary the 277th Infantry Division spent its entire operation history on the Western front . The division took part in the Battles of Normandy and the Ardennes under Army Group B ( " Heeresgruppe B " ) .
José Braulio Alemán José Braulio Alemán ( 26 March 1864 – 15 January 1930 , Havana ) was a Cuban Brigadier General in the Spanish - American War , promoted to Major General after the war . General Alemán was the principal author of the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at La Yara in 1896 . Biography . A prominent lawyer by profession and owner of a newspaper in Santa Clara , Cuba in the province of Las Villas , he was a prominent and key player in the fight against the Spanish and the eventual liberation of Cuba . He is remembered as one of the few dignitaries who stood against the Platt Amendment . After the war , Alemán served as Governor and Senator for the province of Las Villas , as Minister of Education , and as Ambassador to Mexico . He fought for equal civil rights for all Cubans . He founded the first Agricultural schools , the first institutes of Commerce , the first Sports & Physical Education Institute , and the School of Fine Arts at Santiago de Cuba . He created the first night schools for adults , the first schools for Languages , and the Technical School of Rancho Boyeros . He was also instrumental in the partial reorganization of the University of Havana .
4th Commando Battalion ( Belgium ) The 4th Commando Battalion ( , ) was a Belgian military formation and part of the Paracommando Regiment , based in the Belgian colonies of Congo and Rwanda - Urundi between 1959 until its disbandment in 1962 , following the independence of Belgium ' s last African colony . In the 1970s , the unit was revived as 4th ( Reserve ) Commando Battalion before it was finally disbanded in 1979 . Background . In 1959 , the 2nd Commando Battalion had been deployed to the Belgian Congo to deal try to maintain order in the months leading up to independence . However , it soon became clear that these forces would not be sufficient . Realising this , the 4th Commando Battalion was formed , from 2nd Commando Battalion officers and hastily trained conscripts . 4th Commando Battalion was created by Royal Decree ( N . 7397 ) by King Baudoin on October 23 , 1959 . The standard was presented to the unit on April 1 , 1960 . Operations in Congo and Rwanda - Urundi . 4th Commando Battalion was established in the Congolese town of Kitona in Bas - Congo . In April 1960 , it was transferred to Rwanda - Urundi . In Rwanda - Urundi , the 4th Commando Battalion was instrumental in keeping peace between the Hutu and Tutsi populations . Antipathy between these two groups had been growing since 1957 , though would finally culminate in the Rwandan Genocide of 1994 . From their base in Rwanda - Burundi , the battalion was also mobilized for operations in nearby towns in the Congo . In July 1960 , the unit was sent to Goma to seize the airfield and one company was parachuted into Bunia to free hostages . Three Belgians were killed in this operation . In January 1961 , a company of the battalion repelled an attack by the Congolese National Army on the town of Goma , losing one soldier . On the independence of Rwanda and Burundi , there was no longer possible to maintain an elite unit in Africa , and 4th Commando Battalion was though surplus to requirements . It was disbanded on October 1 , 1962 . 4th ( Reserve ) Commando Battalion . In the early 1970s , the 4th Commando Battalion was reactivated , comprising trained , reserve soldiers previously incorporated into other Para - Commando units . The Headquarters of the Light Brigade , based in Marche - en - Famenne , created in January 2011 , maintains the traditions and standard of the 4th Commando Battalion , which were previously held by the Commando Training Centre .
USS Niagara ( 1898 ) The third USS " Niagara " was a distilling and supply ship that served in the United States Navy during the Spanish - American War . Acquisition . " Niagara " was a steamer built by John Roach & Sons , Chester , Pennsylvania in 1877 . The U . S . Navy acquired her from the Ward Line on 11 April 1898 for service in the Spanish - American War . Fitted out as a distilling and supply ship of the Collier Service , she commissioned at New York , New York , on 11 April 1898 , Commander G . A . Bicknell in command . Operational history . " Niagara " departed New York on 25 April 1898 for the Caribbean Sea via Norfolk , Virginia , and Key West , Florida . During the Spanish - American War she served the fleet off Cuba , Puerto Rico , and Haiti . The ship returned to Hampton Roads , Virginia , on 26 May 1898 . She departed Hampton Roads on 30 May 1898 , again bound for ports in Cuba and Puerto Rico . " Niagara " remained on station in the Caribbean Sea until 24 July 1898 when she departed Guantanamo Bay , Cuba , for New York , arriving 3 September 1898 . Final Disposition . " Niagara " remained at New York until she decommissioned on 14 October 1898 . She was sold on 19 July 1899 .
John E . Pillsbury John Elliott Pillsbury ( 15 December 1846 – 30 December 1919 ) was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy . Biography . Born in Lowell , Massachusetts , Pillsbury was appointed midshipman in 1862 and commissioned an ensign in 1868 . After serving on various stations afloat and ashore , he commanded the coast steamer " Blake " from 1884 to 1891 and did excellent scientific work , using some of his research instruments of his own invention . In the Spanish – American War , he commanded the dynamite cruiser , operating around the island of Cuba and in the vicinity of Morro Castle . In 1905 he served as Chief of Staff of the North Atlantic Fleet and in 1908 – 09 , was Chief of the Bureau of Navigation . Although Rear Admiral Pillsbury ' s attainments as a sailor and a fighting man were noteworthy , he is perhaps best known as having been one of the world ' s foremost geographers and an authority on the Gulf Stream . Actively identified with the National Geographic Society for many years , he was president of the society at the time of his death . He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery ; his wife Florence was buried with him after her death in 1925 . Namesakes . Two U . S . Navy ships have been christened in his honor . Pillsbury Sound , the body of water in the U . S . Virgin Islands between St Thomas , St John , and the cays which bound the sound on the North side , is also named in his honor .
1959 in the Vietnam War 1959 in Vietnam saw the country still split into South Vietnam and communist North Vietnam . South Vietnam was ruled by the corrupt President Ngo Dinh Diem . In August of this year was an election to choose the members of South Vietnam ' s National Assembly . The election was marred by intimidation and fraud yet even these methods couldn ' t prevent Phan Quang Dan from winning a seat . To prevent loss of power Diem had him arrested for voter fraud . 1959 was also the start all out military action when on September 16 two companies of the ARVN 23d Division were ambushed by a well - organized force of several hundred identified only as the " 2d Liberation Battalion " . The Americans had been in Vietnam since November 1 , 1955 . 1955 was when the Military Assistance Advisory Group ( MAAG ) that reorganized from a general Indochina into the different countries that the deployments were stationed . So on November 1 , 1955 a Vietnamese MAAG was created . August . The 1959 South Vietnamese legislative election was an election to choose the members of South Vietnam ' s National Assembly to serve a three - year terms . The election was comfortably won , through fraud , by National Revolutionary Movement , the party of President Ngo Dinh Diem . Group 559 was a transportation and logistical unit of the People ' s Army of Vietnam that was subordinate to the Rear Services General Directorate . It was established on 19 May 1959 in order to move troops , weapons , and material ( by sea and land ) from the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( North Vietnam ) to the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) and to build and maintain support facilities en route . Two companies of the ARVN 23d Division were ambushed by a well - organized force of several hundred identified as the " 2d Liberation Battalion " ; the ARVN units lost 12 killed , 14 wounded , and most of their weapons . Thus starting the Vietnam War .
22d Airlift Squadron The 22d Airlift Squadron ( 22d AS ) is part of the 60th Air Mobility Wing at Travis Air Force Base , California . It operates C - 5 Galaxy aircraft supporting the United States Air Force global reach mission world wide . Mission . Provide services and support , which promote quality of life and project global power through combat - proven airlift and airdrop . History . 22d operations during World War II include paratroop drops at Nadzab , New Guinea , in September 1942 as well as aerial transportation in the Pacific Theater . The 22d also participated in the Berlin Airlift in 1948 and aerial transportation in Far East during the Korean War . It flew extensive support missions to , and intra - theater combat support missions in Vietnam , 4 August 1964 – 2 April 1969 . It flew frequent missions to Southeast Asia from March 1972 - April 1975 including Operation Baby Lift in 1975 . The 22d supported operations in Grenada , 25 October 1983 – 7 November 1983 , Panama on 20 December 1989 , and on - going operations in Southwest Asia since August 1990 . The squadron also supported Operation Provide Comfort for Kurdish refugees , supported the evacuation of military personnel and their dependents from the Philippines through Operation Fiery Vigil in 1991 . It played a major role in the relief effort for the famine - plagued country of Somalia during Operation Provide Relief and Restore Hope in 1992 and 1993 , and provided airlift support to Balkans peacekeeping missions beginning in 1995 with Operation Joint Endeavor , and continuing under Operations Joint Guardian and Joint Forge .
Margareta Elisabeth Roos Margareta Elisabeth Roos or Anna Stina Roos ( 1696 – 1772 ) was a Swedish - Estonian woman and a crossdresser who served as a soldier in the Swedish army of Charles XII of Sweden during the Great Northern War . She is also called Anna Stina Roos . Margareta Elisabeth Roos was born the daughter of a Captain in the Swedish province of Ingermanland in Estonia - Carelia . She ran away from home dressed as a boy allegedly because she was treated poorly . Roos enlisted in the army in 1713 . One version is that her motive for enlisting was that she was in love with an officer . She served until the end of the war , during which she was noted for her courage and promoted to the rank of non - commissioned officer for bravery in battle . She is reported to have served in the regiment of General Düker . Apparently , she was never discovered . She is said to have been so " masculine " in her ways regarding alcohol usage and foul language that no - one suspected her of being a woman , and she was also as tall as a man . Roos left the army after the peace treaty of 1721 . After the war , she was employed as head butler at the household of a countess , suggested to have been Hedvig Vilhelmina Oxenstierna , Countess Dücker by marriage , for three years . During an illness , however , a maid discovered her to be a woman and informed the countess . The countess agreed to keep quiet , but arranged a marriage for her with an officer . The officer was John Gustave Irving ( d . 1744 ) , of Scottish origin and himself a veteran of the same war . The marriage took place in 1724 and lasted for twenty years , during which she had two children . After the death of her spouse , she moved to Köping . Her daughter with Irving , Margareta Charlotta Irving , married the vicar of Bro , Nils Larsson Sundell , and Roos spent much of her old age with her daughter and son - in - law . During her old age , she was said to have given numerous proof a " male and courageous mind " . The description about her service in the army was given by her family to a priest in 1843 , 71 years after her death . Margareta Elisabeth Roos ' service in the army is regarded as unconfirmed , as it was recounted for only after her own death . In contrast to other women serving in the army posing as men , such as Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar and Lisbetha Olsdotter , Margareta Elisabeth Roos was never discovered and brought to trial , and she is therefore not mentioned in any court documents , nor is the name which she used as a soldier known , which makes it hard to verify in military documents . The story about her , however , is well known and is regarded to indicate a certain tolerance and admiration for women serving as soldiers , at least within aristocratic circles , despite the fact that it was regarded as a serous crime for a woman to pose as a man by contemporary law , and the fact that she married a man after service is also taken as an indicator that posing as a man did not lower the repute of a woman at the marriage market .
VF - 133 VF - 133 was a United States Navy fighter aircraft squadron . It was created in 1948 during the reorganization of CAG 13 in which VF - 13A became VF - 131 , VF - 14 became VF - 132 , VF - 133 was commissioned , VA - 13A became VA - 134 , and VA - 14A became VA - 135 . Most of VF 133 ' s plank owners came from the two VA squadrons . VA - 13A pilots had transitioned from the SB2C - 5 to the F4U , and when transferred to VF - 133 , had to learn the F8F - 1 on the job . VA - 14 pilots transitioned from TBM - 4 s to F4Us .
People ' s Armed Forces The People ' s Armed Forces ( " Forces Armées Populaires " or FAP ) was a Chadian insurgent group composed of followers of Goukouni Oueddei after the schism with Hissène Habré in 1976 . With an ethnic base in the Teda clan of the Toubou from the Tibesti area of northern Chad , the force was armed by Libya and formed the largest component of the Transitional Government of National Unity ( GUNT ) coalition army opposing Habré . FAP troops rebelled against their Libyan allies in the latter part of 1986 . Many of them were subsequently integrated into the national army , the Chadian National Armed Forces ( FANT ) , and participated in the 1987 attempt to drive Libya out of Chadian territory .
Solothurn S - 18 / 1100 The Solothurn S - 18 / 1100 20 mm Anti - Tank Cannon was a Swiss anti - tank rifle used during the Second World War , and was a variant of the S - 18 / 1000 with modifications for automatic fire . Being the first rifle between the Solothurn anti - tank rifles to have been equipped with a select - fire option , the S18 - 1100 was offered to some buying countries ( such as Italy , Netherlands and Switzerland ) as a " Universal Weapon " usable both as anti - tank and anti - aircraft weapon . As a result of its large , powerful ammunition the gun had a tremendous recoil , and its size made portability difficult . The Solothurn firearms company was owned by the German firm Rheinmetall , and used the Swiss company to manufacture arms which were prohibited for manufacture by any German firm , to get around arms limitations imposed upon them at the end of the first World War . Mexico also used it .
Submarine Cargo Vessel The Submarine Cargo Vessel ( ) is a proposed idea from the Russia n Rubin Design Bureau . The idea is to utilise decommissioned SSBNs ( " nuclear - powered ballistic missile submarine " ) from the Russian Navy to carry cargo under the Arctic Ocean . The reason for this solution is that it would be considerably cheaper than designing and producing an entirely new type of submarine . The basis for the project is a Project 941 " Typhoon " class submarine , which was designed by Rubin in 1976 . It would have its ballistic missile launchers removed and replaced with cargo holds , as well as receive extra reinforcement for surface icebreaking . The concept of Submarine Freight Transportation System ( SFTS ) was suggested in 1997 by Vladimir Postnikov . Present time this system is considered as a sea subsystem of Global Intelligent Transportation System .
UB - 32 The UB - 32 is a bigger version of the UB - 16 rocket launcher , both are made to operate in aircrafts . The 57mm system rocket pods UB - 32 is one of the most common systems in aircraft and helicopters from the former Soviet bloc countries . The gun was utilized at both high - speed aircraft like the MiG - 21 , or like attack helicopters like the Mi - 24 or in attack variants of the transport helicopter Mi - 17 and many aircrafts alike .
Long - haul communications In telecommunication , the term long - haul communications has the following meanings : 1 . In public switched networks , pertaining to circuits that span large distances , such as the circuits in inter - LATA , interstate , and international communications . See also Long line ( telecommunications ) 2 . In the military community , communications among users on a national or worldwide basis . " Note 1 : " Compared to tactical communications , long - haul communications are characterized by ( a ) higher levels of users , such as the National Command Authority , ( b ) more stringent performance requirements , such as higher quality circuits , ( c ) longer distances between users , including world wide distances , ( d ) higher traffic volumes and densities , ( e ) larger switch es and trunk cross sections , and ( f ) fixed and recoverable assets . " Note 2 : " " " Long - haul communications " " usually pertains to the U . S . Defense Communications System .