naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Cub - 1 Cub - 1 was a code name for a medium - sized military division of an Advance Base Aviation Training Unit . The United States Navy established the ABATU at the onset of World War II to support expeditionary airfield operations in the Pacific Area of Operations . Guadalcanal was the first operation that used an ABATU unit . Large sized units were code - named Lion and medium sized units were code - named Cub .
24 Squadron SAAF 24 Squadron SAAF is a disbanded squadron of the South African Air Force . Its last role was as an attack aircraft squadron . The squadron was first formed during World War II on 5 March 1941 by renumbering 14 Squadron SAAF in Egypt . It later carried out bombing operations in Kenya and North Africa , before taking part in the Italian campaign before disbanding in late 1945 at the conclusion of hostilities . The squadron was later re - raised and operated jet aircraft in an attack role during the Border War . It was finally disbanded in early 1991 . History . On 5 March 1941 24 Squadron SAAF was formed when No . 14 Squadron SAAF and its Maryland bombers were moved from Kenya to Egypt , and renumbered as No . 24 Squadron . The squadron then operated alongside No . 39 Squadron RAF as a daytime tactical bomber unit carrying out bombing sorties against targets in the Mediterranean theatre . 24 Squadron was later in the year re - equipped with Boston s . In December 1943 , the squadron was relocated to Algeria and re - equipped with the B - 26 Marauder s and in 1944 flew to a new base at Pescara , Italy , before later advancing to Jesi , Italy . At the end of the war the squadron used its Marauders as transport aircraft , before moving to Egypt in October 1945 and disbanding on 6 November 1945 . The Buccaneer entered SAAF service in 1965 . SAAF Buccaneers saw active service during the Border War in South - West Africa , notably at Cassinga in 1978 . They flew over Angola and Namibia in the 1970s and 1980s , and attacked SWAPO guerrilla camps with rockets and bombs . The squadron was disbanded in March 1991 at AFB Waterkloof , Pretoria . Aircraft flown . 24 Squadron SAAF operated the following aircraft :
Walter Scheller Walter Scheller ( 27 January 1892 – 21 July 1944 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several divisions . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Walter Scheller was killed at Brest - Litovisk on 21 July 1944 , during the Lublin – Brest Offensive .
USS Challenge ( ID - 1015 ) USS " Challenge " ( SP - 1015 / AT - 59 / YT - 126 / YTM - 126 ) was a commercial tugboat acquired by the United States Navy for service in World War I , and remained available for duty during World War II . The ship was built in 1889 by J . H . Dialogue and Sons , Camden , New Jersey , as the tug " Defiance " and commandeered by the Navy from the Shipowners & Merchants Tugboat Co . , San Francisco , California , on 13 June 1918 , delivered on 24 June , and outfitted at Mare Island Navy Yard . Commissioned as USS " Defiance " ( SP - 1015 ) on 29 July 1918 , with Lieutenant M . J . Downes , USNRF , in command . She was renamed USS " Challenge " on 15 August 1918 . World War I . " Challenge " towed oil barges between California and Mexico until 31 May 1920 , when she arrived at Bremerton , Washington , for duty under the 13th Naval District . She served as a harbor tug at Puget Sound Navy Yard until decommissioned 13 May 1922 . Recommissioned and reclassified AT - 59 on 21 February 1925 , " Challenge " resumed duty as a yard tug at Puget Sound . On 31 January 1936 , she was reclassified YT - 126 , and on 2 December 1940 , decommissioned and placed " in service " . Reclassified YTM - 126 on 13 April 1944 ; and on 16 October 1946 , transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal .
En svensk tiger En svensk tiger was a slogan and an image that became part of a propaganda campaign in Sweden during World War II , aiming to prevent espionage by encouraging secrecy towards foreigners . Explanation . In Swedish , " svensk " can mean both the adjective " Swedish " and the noun " Swede " while " tiger " can mean either the noun for the animal or the present tense of the verb " tiga " ( " to keep silent " ) , giving the poster the double meaning " a Swedish tiger " or " a Swede keeps silent " . The phrase is comparable in use to " loose lips sink ships " in the United States . Commission and use . The famous poster for the propaganda campaign was created by Bertil Almqvist in 1941 , commissioned by the Swedish National Board of Information ( , " SIS " ) . The poster became the main slogan of the " Vaksamhetskampanjen " ( Swedish Vigilance Campaign ) that was started in the same year to encourage secrecy towards foreigners about information that may damage Swedish military defence . Legal battle . Upon Almqvist ' s death in 1972 , the copyright of the poster / logo was transferred to the Beredskapsmuseet ( Military Preparedness Museum ) . After eleven years of legal battle , the Swedish Armed Forces , who had been using the image without permission , paid SEK 400 000 in damages to the copyright owners in 2008 , a .
FFV 018 mine The FFV 018 is a Swedish off - route anti - tank mine . It uses a large Misznay Schardin effect warhead , that generates a fast moving slug capable of penetrating the side armour of a tank . The mine is mounted on a squat tripod , and a built in infra - red sensor package , which detects the target and triggers the mine when the target is in the optimal position .
786th Bombardment Squadron The 786th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 466th Bombardment Group . It was inactivated at Davis - Monthan Field , Arizona on 17 October 1945 . History . Established in mid - 1943 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bomb group ; trained under Second Air Force in Idaho . Completed training in early 1944 ; deploying to European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) assigned to VIII Bomber Command in England . Engaged in long - range strategic bombardment operations over Occupied Europe and Nazi Germany , March 1944 - May 1945 attacking enemy military and industrial targets as part of the United States ' air offensive against Nazi Germany . Most personnel demobilized in Europe after the German capitulation in May 1945 ; a small cadre returned to the United States , being programmed for conversion to being a B - 29 Superfortress very heavy bomb squadron and deployment to the Central Pacific to engage in strategic bombardment over Japan . Training ended after Japanese capitulation in August 1945 , unit inactivated in October ; its training aircraft being assigned to other squadrons or sent to storage .
Benjamin S . Griffin Benjamin S . Griffin , ( born August 11 , 1946 ) was a four - star general in the United States Army . He served as the Commanding General , United States Army Materiel Command from November 5 , 2004 to November 13 , 2008 . Prior to this assignment , he served as the Department of the Army Deputy Chief of Staff , G - 8 . He retired from the Army after over 38 years of service . Career . General Griffin began his career when he was commissioned as an Infantry officer in July 1970 following graduation from Officer Candidate School , Fort Benning , Georgia . He served two tours at Fort Bragg , North Carolina in the 82nd Airborne Division : in the 1st Battalion , 508th Infantry Regiment as a rifle platoon leader and company executive officer , and in the 3rd Battalion ( Airborne ) , 325th Infantry Regiment as a commander of Company C and a S - 3 Air ( Operations ) officer . General Griffin also worked as a G3 operations officer , Headquarters , 82nd Airborne Division . General Griffin ' s overseas assignments included a tour in Korea as a Company Commander and Brigade S - 2 in the 2nd Infantry Division . He served two tours in Germany in the 8th Infantry Division as Secretary of the General Staff and Mechanized Infantry Battalion Executive Officer in the 2nd Battalion ( Mechanized ) , 87th Infantry . He was also Commander of the 3rd Battalion , 8th Infantry Regiment . His later assignments included : Special Assistant to the Chief of Staff of the Army in Washington , D . C . , and Commander of the 2nd Brigade , 6th Infantry Division ( Light ) in Alaska . In August 1994 , he served as Executive Officer to the Commanding General , United States Army Forces Command , Fort McPherson , Georgia . Following his assignment in Georgia , General Griffin took command of Joint Task Force 6 , Fort Bliss , Texas . He then served as the Assistant Division Commander ( Support ) , 1st Cavalry Division in Fort Hood , Texas . In July 1997 , he became the Director of Force Programs , Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans in Washington , D . C . General Griffin returned to Fort Hood from June 1999 to October 2001 to command the 4th Infantry Division . Post military . General Griffin is a fellow of the Institute for Strategic and Innovative Technologies . Education . General Griffin received a bachelor ' s degree in Business Management from Old Dominion University in 1969 and a master ' s degree in Business Administration from Mercer University in 1981 . His military education includes the Infantry Officer Advanced Course , Command and General Staff College , and the Industrial College of the Armed Forces at the National Defense University . Awards and decorations . General Griffin ' s awards and decorations include :
Marine Cryptologic Support Battalion The Marine Cryptologic Support Battalion is a military intelligence battalion of the United States Marine Corps . The battalion headquarters are located in Fort George G . Meade , Maryland . Mission . The battalion ' s stated purpose is " to enable and execute Signals Intelligence , Information Assurance and National - Tactical Integration activities in order to satisfy NSA / CSS , Marine Air - Ground Task Force and joint force intelligence requirements . " Organization . The Marine Cryptologic Support Battalion headquarters are located in Fort Meade , Maryland . The MCSB has seven companies , five of which are based in the contiguous United States , one in Hawaii , and one in England . See also . List of United States Marine Corps battalions
75th Carnatic Infantry The 75th Carnatic Infantry were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1776 , when they were raised as the 15th Carnatic Battalion by enlisting men from the 2nd , 6th and 12th Carnatic Battalion s . Their first action was during the Carnatic Wars . Followed by the Battle of Sholinghur in the Second Anglo - Mysore War , they also took part in the Third Anglo - Mysore War and the Third Burmese War . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 75th Carnatic Infantry became the 2nd Battalion , 3rd Madras Regiment . After independence this new regiment was allocated to the Indian Army .
Glamis Tower Glamis Tower , sometimes referred to as Glamis Castle was a castle at Kinghorn , Fife , Scotland . Sir John Lyon married Princess Johanna in 1373 , the daughter of King Robert II , her dowry included Glamis Castle . Rebuilt in 1543 , the castle was besieged by James Kirkcaldy of Grange in 1546 and fell . No traces remain above ground of this castle .
HMS Minotaur ( 1816 ) HMS " Minotaur " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 15 April 1816 at Chatham Dockyard . She was placed on harbour service in 1842 , and was broken up in 1869 .
Yakovlev Pchela The Yakovlev Pchela - 1T ( Пчела - 1Т meaning bee ) is an unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV ) manufactured by the Russia n Yakovlev Design Bureau . Its primary use is for surveillance and observation in battlefield environments with downlink ed video . Other implementations and uses include target designation and as a training target . The Pchela is launched using rocket assist by two solid - propellant booster rocket engines , and it is recovered via parachute . The Pchela - 1T has a range 60 km ( 37 mi ) , flies at 100 – 2500 m ( 328 - 8 , 203 ft ) altitude at 120 – 180 km / h ( 75 - 112 mph ) . The Maximum Take - Off Weight for the vehicle is 138 kg ( 304 lb ) . Yak lists the vehicle endurance at two hours .
Brian Perowne Rear Admiral ( Benjamin ) Brian Perowne CB ( born 24 July 1947 ) is a former Royal Navy officer who ended his naval career as Chief of Fleet Support . Early life . The son of Rear - Admiral Benjamin Cubitt Perowne CB , by his marriage to Phyllis Marjorie Peel , Perowne was educated at Gresham ' s School , Holt , and at the Britannia Royal Naval College , Dartmouth . Naval career . Perowne joined the Royal Navy in 1965 and passed the RN Staff College in 1977 . He served in HM Yacht Britannia from 1980 – 82 and commanded HMS Alacrity in 1982 – 1983 , before an appointment to the British Naval Staff in Washington D . C . , 1986 – 88 . His second command , in 1988 – 1989 , was HMS Brazen , and after that he served as Assistant Director ( Strategic Systems ) , then as Chief Naval Signals Officer at the Ministry of Defence . He was Commodore to the Clyde and Naval Base Commander , 1994 to 1996 , Director General of Fleet Support ( Ops and Plans ) from 1996 , Chief Executive at the Naval Bases and Supply Agency in 1999 and Chief of Fleet Support in April 2000 . He dealt with the crisis involving oil leaking from HMS " Royal Oak " in Scapa Flow in October 2000 before he retired in 2001 . In retirement he became Chief Executive of Hft ( formerly The Home Farm Trust ) , a charity for people with learning disabilities , and Treasurer of The Voluntary Organisation Disability Group . Family . He married Honora Rose Mary Wykes - Sneyd ( known as Maggie ) , and they have two sons .
USS Gordius ( ARL - 36 ) USS " Gordius " ( ARL - 36 ) was one of 39 " Achelous " - class landing craft repair ships built for the United States Navy during World War II . Named for Gordius ( in mythology , first king of Phrygia ) , she was the only U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name . Originally planned as " LST - 1145 " , was redesignated " ARL - 36 " and named " Gordius " 27 October 1944 while building at Chicago Bridge & Iron Works , Seneca , Illinois . She was launched 7 May 1945 and sponsored by Mrs . Helen H . Davis . Placed in reduced commission 18 May 1945 , the ship steamed to Baltimore , Maryland where she decommissioned 11 June . She was then converted to a landing craft repair vessel at the Key Shipyard , Bethlehem Steel Company . " Gordius " was placed in full commission 14 September 1945 at Baltimore , with Lieutenant Roy L . Guy , commanding . Service history . Operating out of Amphibious Base , Little Creek , Virginia " Gordius " took up a regular schedule of exercises in Chesapeake Bay , and along the Virginia - North Carolina coast , supporting the myriad landing craft during amphibious operations . She also participated in winter maneuvers in the Caribbean . The ship occasionally sailed to the north Atlantic , taking part in training exercises off NS Argentia , Newfoundland , and Labrador in 1948 and 1949 . " Gordius " also was a member of the annual resupply convoy to Thule , Greenland ( 11 June – 27 August 1952 ) , drawing special praise for her repair of " LST - 938 " during adverse weather on the operation . " Gordius " continued her work in support of amphibious training until steaming into Green Cove Springs , Florida 10 November 1955 . She decommissioned 21 December 1955 and was placed in reserve . Taken out of reserve in early 1968 , she was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register 1 February and loaned to Iran under the Military Assistance Program 7 September 1961 , where she served as " IIS Sohrab " ( ARL - 11 ) . Her final fate is unknown .
Battle of Shepherdstown The Battle of Shepherdstown , also known as the Battle of Boteler ' s Ford , took place September 19 – 20 , 1862 , in Jefferson County , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) , at the end of the Maryland Campaign of the American Civil War . Background . After the Battle of Antietam , Confederate Gen . Robert E . Lee ' s Army of Northern Virginia prepared to defend against a Federal assault that never came . After an improvised truce for both sides to recover and exchange their wounded , Lee ' s forces began withdrawing across the Potomac River on the evening of September 18 to return to Virginia . Lee left behind a rear guard of two infantry brigades and 44 guns under his chief of artillery , Brig . Gen . William N . Pendleton , to hold Boteler ' s Ford . Battle . Shortly before dusk on September 19 , Union Brig . Gen . Charles Griffin sent two regiments , the 1st U . S . Sharpshooters and the 4th Michigan , across the Potomac River at Boteler ' s Ford . They attacked Pendleton ' s rearguard , capturing four artillery pieces before being recalled . Pendleton incorrectly reported to Gen . Robert E . Lee that he had lost all 44 guns of his artillery reserve . Early on September 20 , Porter sent two brigades across the Potomac on a reconnaissance - in - force . Major Charles Lovell ' s Brigade of Regulars encountered Maj . Gen . A . P . Hill ' s " Light Division " about a mile from the river . While withdrawing back to the ford Hill ' s men attacked under a withering hail of federal artillery fire , which inflicted tremendous casualties . Col . James Barnes ' s brigade was ordered to the top of the bluffs to cover the retreat , and two more Federal brigades were ordered to cross to the Virginia side of the river . After a violent clash along the heights bordering the river , Porter ordered a withdrawal . However , the colonel of the inexperienced 118th Pennsylvania ( the " Corn Exchange " Regiment ) refused to retire until orders were received through the proper chain of command . In this engagement , their first time under fire , the 118th Pennsylvania were driven in by four Confederate brigades and suffered 36 % losses . Casualties on both sides amounted to just under 700 , making this the bloodiest battle ever fought on West Virginia soil . Aftermath . The Battle of Shepherdstown convinced both army commanders that the Maryland Campaign was over . George McClellan saw that an active pursuit of the enemy was not possible at this time and established a defensive posture along the Maryland bank . And for the Confederates , Robert E . Lee chose to abort his army ' s movement back into Maryland . With the Confederates driven from Northern soil , President Abraham Lincoln used the opportunity to issue the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation on September 22 , 1862 .
Brügger & Thomet GL - 06 The GL - 06 grenade launcher is a stand - alone shoulder - firing 40 millimeter grenade launcher intended for military and police applications . The GL - 06 was developed in response to a recent request from the police force of a leading European nation which sought to obtain a non - lethal weapon for anti - riot application with the particular need for pin - point accuracy at standoff ranges ( beyond 40 meters for such scenarios ) when firing impact rounds . The Thun - based Brügger & Thomet ( B & T or B + T ) company provided its client with both a weapon and a special round , with the added benefit of compatibility with a wide array of lethal and less - lethal ammunition produced in the 40 mm low - velocity class . The GL - 06 is lighter and more compact than other stand - alone weapons of the same class ( such as the US M79 or German HK 69 ) , yet it is capable of great accuracy , tactical flexibility and has good ergonomics . Design . The GL - 06 is a dedicated stand - alone shoulder - firing weapon intended for military and police applications . A special dedicated " less lethal " version of GL - 06 is produced as the LL - 06 . Although the LL - 06 is a variation of the GL - 06 , the main difference is the color of the frame . Both weapons are fully capable of firing a complete range of 40mm x 46 munitions .
Alexander Lawton Alexander Robert Lawton ( November 4 , 1818 – July 2 , 1896 ) was a lawyer , politician , diplomat , and brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Early life . Lawton was born in the Beaufort District of South Carolina . He was the son of Alexander James Lawton and Martha Mosse . He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1839 , placing 13th out of 31 in his class . He served as a second lieutenant in the 1st U . S . Artillery until resigning his commission in 1840 to study law . He attended the Harvard Law School , graduating in 1842 . He settled in Savannah , Georgia , and entered the fields of law , railroad administration and state politics . Civil War . Lawton favored Georgia ' s secession and became colonel of the 1st Georgia Volunteers . He commanded the Savannah troops that seized Fort Pulaski , the first conflict of the war in Georgia . He was commissioned a brigadier general in the Confederate Army on April 13 , 1861 , and commanded the forces guarding Georgia ' s seacoast before being reassigned to Virginia . He led his brigade effectively during Stonewall Jackson ' s Shenandoah Valley Campaign , the Seven Days Battles , and the Second Battle of Bull Run ( Second Manassas ) . His last field service was at the Battle of Antietam ( Sharpsburg ) , where he commanded the division of the wounded Maj . Gen . Richard S . Ewell . Lawton was seriously wounded early in the morning of September 17 , 1862 , while defending his portion of the Army of Northern Virginia ' s line . Initially carried from the field to a temporary hospital , he spent months at home recuperating . In August 1863 , Lawton became the Confederacy ' s second Quartermaster General . Although he brought energy and resourcefulness to the position , he was unable to solve the problem of material shortages and poorly - regulated railroads . Postbellum career . In the years after the Civil War , Lawton became increasingly important as a political figure in Georgia , serving in various administrative posts . He lost the 1880 election for the U . S . Senate in an election which seemed to represent a victory of the " New South " over the " Old South . " He was chosen President of the American Bar Association in 1882 . Five years later , he was appointed Minister to Austria - Hungary and left that post in 1889 . Lawton died in Clifton Springs , New York .
Sigisvultus Flavius Sigisvultus ( fl . 427 – 448 ) was a general of the late Western Roman Empire . He was sent in 427 to command the war in Africa against a rebellious general , Bonifacius , after previous generals had been defeated by the latter , and may have been appointed " comes Africae " , succeeding Bonifacius . He seized Hippo and Carthage , and as an Arian himself , sent an Arian bishop , Maximinus , to dispute with Augustine of Hippo in 427 or 428 . He presumably returned to Italy after relations between the Emperor and Bonifacius were restored in 429 or 430 . He served as consul in 437 with Flavius Aetius . From either the same year or from 440 until 448 , he was " magister utriusque militiae " ( though despite the title he remained under the command of Aetius ) , and organized defences against the Vandals . By 448 he had become a patrician . The name " Sigisvultus " is of German origin , and is also written " Sigisvult " , " Segisvultus " , or " Sigisvuldus " . He is also sometimes called " Sigisvult the Goth " .