naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
497th Intelligence , Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group The United States Air Force ' s 497th Intelligence , Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group ( 497 ISRG ) is an intelligence unit located at Joint Base Langley – Eustis , Virginia . Mission . The 497th ISR Group delivers real - time high - confidence intelligence , surveillance and reconnaissance products and services to Joint and Coalition forces and other designated government agencies . The Group consists of two active duty Squadrons , the 30th Intelligence Squadron and 10th Intelligence Squadron , one Air National Guard unit , the 192nd Intelligence Squadron ( VA ANG ) , and a new classic Air Reserve unit , the 718th Intelligence Squadron , stood up to support the total force integration of the Wing and combat ISR operations . History . The unit was activated at Wiesbaden Air Base , West Germany in 1951 by USAFE General Order 29 . Its mission was to support the tactical targeting program in Europe by furnishing photographic support such as overlays , aerial photography and photo interpretation . Remaining in Wiesbaden throughout the Cold War , the 497th increased in size and responsibility to USAFE Intelligence . It was moved from its facilities at Wiesbaden in July 1991 to RAF Molesworth , England where it was used as the basis for the formation of the current US European Command Joint Intelligent Center before being inactivated in 1992 . Reactivated in 1993 at Bolling AFB , DC , the unit has provided intelligence information in direct support of combat operations to Senior Air Force leaders , key Coalition partners and combatant commanders worldwide . Capabilities within the Group include global command and control for the collection and processing , exploitation , and dissemination of ISR data from the U - 2 Dragon Lady , RQ - 4 Global Hawk , MQ - 1 Predator and MQ - 9 Reaper , in addition to numerous other ISR platforms , utilizing the Air Force Distributed Common Ground System weapon system . Additionally , the Group conducts real - time cryptologic and signals intelligence operations in direct support of combat operations and combatant commanders worldwide . Decorations . Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards : 1 Oct – 31 Dec 1967 ; 1 Jan 1971 – 30 Jun 1972 ; 1 Jul 1973 - 30 Jun 1975 ; 1 Jul 1976 – 30 Jun 1978 ; 1 Jul 1978 - 30 Jun 1979 ; 1 Jul 1983 – 30 Jun 1985 ; 1 Jul 1986 - 30 Jun 1988 ; 1 Jul 1988 – 30 Jun 1990 ; 1 Jul 1990 - 30 Jun 1992 ; 1 Oct 1994 – 30 Sep 1996 .
Jean de Suarez d ' Aulan Jean de Suarez d ' Aulan ( November 20 , 1900 – October 8 , 1944 ) was a French aviator , auto racer , bobsled der , and soldier . Bobsleigh career . As a bobsledder , d ' Aulan won a bronze medal in the four - man event at the 1934 FIBT World Championships in Garmisch - Partenkirchen . Competing in four Winter Olympics , his best finish was fourth in the four - man event at the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix . Auto racing career . d ' Aulan drove an EHP in the 1925 24 Hours of Le Mans race with Rene Dely , finishing 14th . Aviation career . As an aviator , d ' Aulan won rally events in Egypt in 1937 and in France in 1938 . Military career . During World War I , d ' Aulan fought in the 5th battalion in the infantry , enlisting in 1918 . After France fell in 1940 , d ' Aulan fought for the Allies as a fighter pilot as a second lieutenant . He was killed over Germany during World War II when his Republic P - 47 Thunderbolt was shot down by a Messerschmitt Bf - 109 . Personal life . d ' Aulan married Anne Marie Yolande Kunkelmann in 1926 . They had three children .
USS Wasp ( 1810 ) The third USS " Wasp " was a schooner that served in the U . S . Navy from 1812 to 1814 . " Wasp " was built in 1810 at Baltimore , Maryland . She received a privateer ' s warrant from the United States government in July 1812 when she put to sea for a privateering foray into the West Indies . During that cruise , she stopped three British merchantmen , allowed one to continue because she carried nothing of value , and took the other two as prizes . While putting a prize crew on board the last of the three , the schooner " Dawson " , the British 22 - gun Sixth Rate Post - ship HMS " Garland " surprised " Wasp " . Both captor and prize hoisted full sail and got underway . Because " Garland " chose to chase " Wasp " , the prize crew easily took " Dawson " to safety at Savannah , Georgia . " Wasp " managed to outsail her pursuer ; after sailing through a hurricane that cost her both her masts she finally returned to Baltimore on 28 November 1812 . At Baltimore , " Wasp ' s " owners sold her to a group of businessmen who refitted and rearmed her with a long 9 - pounder and then chartered her to the United States Navy as a dispatch boat during the summer of 1813 . She passed her brief period of naval service without incident , and the U . S . Navy returned her to her owners that autumn . On 1 October 1813 , " Wasp " was sold at auction at Baltimore . The two merchants who purchased her , Mr . Joseph Lane and Mr . Thomas White , refitted her , rearmed her with a long 4 - pounder , and sent her to sea as a privateer . Her second cruise appears to have met with even less success than her first , for the last reference to her career was an advertisement the " Baltimore American " newspaper ran on 4 August 1814 which called her owners to a meeting on 11 August 1814 to settle accounts . Presumably , she was sold . However , when the privateer " Harpy " returned to her home port of Salem , Massachusetts in either 1814 or 1815 , she reported " that the " USS Wasp " was off the " Canaries " doing a great business among the English merchant ships , " ( reference : Coggeshall , George . A History of the Privateers and Letters of Marque , First Edition , New York , 1856 , p . 316 ) . Since " Wasp " was in US Naval service during the summer of 1813 , this record may relate to that period rather than to 1814 or 1815 . It is also possible that this record relates to a later " USS Wasp " .
Gosannen War The Gosannen War ( 後三年合戦 , " gosannen kassen " ) , also known as the Later Three - Year War , was fought in the late 1080s in Japan ' s Mutsu Province on the island of Honshū . History . The Gosannen War was part of a long struggle for power within the warrior clans of the time . The " Gosannen kassen " arose because of a series of quarrels within the Kiyohara clan ( sometimes referred to as " Kiyowara " ) . The long - standing disturbances were intractable . When Minamoto no Yoshiie , who became Governor of Mutsu province in 1083 , tried to calm the fighting which continued between Kiyohara no Masahira , Iehira , and Narihira . Negotiations were not successful ; and so Yoshiie used his own forces to stop the fighting . He was helped by Fujiwara no Kiyohira . In the end , Iehira and Narihira were killed . Legacy in Art . Much of the war is depicted in an " e - maki " narrative handscroll , the " Gosannen Kassen E - maki " , which was created in 1171 . The artwork is owned today by the Watanabe Museum in Tottori city , Japan .
Ryan PT - 22 Recruit The Ryan PT - 22 Recruit , the main military version of the Ryan ST , is a military trainer aircraft used by the United States Army Air Corps and its successor , the United States Army Air Forces for primary pilot training . It was the first monoplane that the Army had used for primary pilot training , as all previous PT aircraft were biplanes . Design and development . The PT - 22 ' s fuselage is a simple monocoque structure , with thick gauge alclad skin . The wings feature spruce spars , aluminum alloy ribs , steel compression members , with aircraft fabric covering aft to the trailing edge and aluminum alloy sheet covering from the leading edge to the spar . The PT - 22 fuel system consists of a single tank mounted forward of the front cockpit . Fuel is gravity fed to the carburetor . The oil system is a dry - sump type , with all oil stored in a tank located on the front side of the firewall in the upper section of the fuselage . The wing flaps are mechanically operated from a lever located on the left side of each cockpit . Adjustable elevator trim is provided via an elevator trim tab controllable from a handwheel mounted on the left side of each cockpit . In its original configuration , the aircraft was not equipped with an electrical system . Hydraulic brakes are provided for each wheel , controllable via the rudder pedals in each cockpit . In order to simplify maintenance , the wheel spats and landing gear fairings were deleted in the production examples Operational history . In 1941 , as the natural development of the earlier ST series , the PT - 20 and PT - 21 was the military production version of ST - 3 with a total of 100 built as the U . S . A . A . C . ' s first ab initio monoplane trainer . The rapid expansion of wartime aircrew training required new trainers , and the Ryan PT - 22 , essential similar to the PT - 21 , was ordered in large numbers . Named the " Recruit " , it entered operational service with the U . S . Orders also were placed by the Netherlands , but were never realized as the nation capitulated to Axis forces . The small order of 25 ST - 3s were redirected to the United States and redesignated as the PT - 22A . Another order also came from the U . S . Navy for 100 examples . The PT series was in heavy use throughout the war years with both military and civil schools , but with the end of the war , was retired from the U . S . A . A . F . Survivors . Several PT - 22 remain in flyable condition worldwide , as the aircraft continues to be a popular sport plane and warbird . The first PT - 22 prototype is flying at Old Warden , United Kingdom , as part of the Shuttleworth Collection , designated " 001 "
Lionel de Marmier Lionel Alexandre Pierre de Marmier was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories in WWI . He scored 2 or 3 more victories in WWII . When the new SPAD XII came out , it was distributed one per French squadron . The " cannon Spad " for their unit was shared between Marmier and his friend Fernand Henri Chavannes ; it even bore the shared marking of an ' M ' entwined with a ' C ' . Between the wars , he served with the Spanish Republican Air Force from 1936 to 1937 . At the start of World War II , Marmier returned to duty in and shot down at least two German planes in June 1940 , while he was flying a Caudron C . 714 with the Polish pilots of GC 1 / 145 ' Varsovie ' . After the French surrender , he joined the Free French Air Force and served in it until his disappearance in 1944 .
David Capewell Lieutenant General David Andrew Capewell is a senior Royal Marines officer currently serving as Chief of Joint Operations . Military career . Capewell was commissioned into the Royal Marines in 1979 , holding a special short - service commission . He advanced to the local rank of lieutenant and was promoted to acting lieutenant on 1 February 1981 . He completed his term of service on 15 September 1982 and began a short - career commission from the next day , retaining the rank of acting lieutenant . He was confirmed in the rank of lieutenant on 1 September 1983 ( seniority from 1 February ) , and was transferred to a full career commission on 29 October 1985 ( seniority from 1 February 1983 ) . As a junior officer he served in Northern Ireland , Zimbabwe and South Africa before becoming Chief of Staff of 3 Commando Brigade in 1998 . He was appointed Commanding Officer of 40 Commando in March 2000 and Chief of Staff , UK Joint Force Headquarters in January 2002 in which role he served as Chief of Operations and Intelligence to the British Commander for the invasion of Iraq . He went on to be British Liaison Officer to the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the United States in 2004 , Assistant Chief of Staff ( Operations ) at Permanent Joint Headquarters in May 2005 and Commander of 3 Commando Brigade in June 2007 . He was appointed OBE on 6 May 2008 . Promoted to Major - General also on 6 May 2008 on his appointment as Deputy Commander NATO Rapid Deployable Corps ( Italy ) , he then became Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff ( Operations ) at the Ministry of Defence in August 2010 and Chief of Joint Operations at Permanent Joint Headquarters in December 2011 . Family . He is married to Deborah and has two daughters .
596th Bomb Squadron The 596th Bomb Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 2d Operations Group at Barksdale Air Force Base , Louisiana on 1 October 1993 . History . The 596th was established in early 1943 as a B - 26 Marauder medium bomber group . Initially it was an Operational Training Unit under the Third Air Force in the southeastern United States . It was realigned as an operational squadron and deployed to European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) , and assigned to Ninth Air Force in England in early 1944 . Engaged in tactical bombardment of enemy targets in France and the Low Countries in the spring of 1944 , also participated in the extensive bombardment of the D - Day invasion area in preparation for the Operation Overlord landings in France . After D - Day , moved from England to Advanced Landing Ground s in France , providing tactical bombardment of enemy strong points as well as bridges , railroads and other targets in support of Allied ground forces during the Northern France Campaign . Supported the Western Allied invasion of Germany during the spring of 1945 , continuing combat operations against enemy targets in Germany until the German Capitulation in May 1945 . Squadron demobilized in France during the summer of 1945 , returning personnel and equipment to the United States . Inactivated as a paper unit during December 1945 . Reactivated as a Strategic Air Command B - 52G Stratofortress intercontinental strategic bombardment squadron in 1963 as part of SAC program to provide Major Command controlled units with a combat lineage . It assumed the mission , personnel , and equipment of the 341st Bombardment Squadron , which was inactivated . Carried out operational training missions with the 397th Bombardment Wing at Dow AFB , Maine . Reassigned to Barksdale AFB in April 1968 with the closure of Dow . The squadron deployed aircraft and personnel to the 1708th Bombardment Wing , Provisional at Prince Abdullah AB , Saudi Arabia , from August 1990 to March 1991 for Operation Desert Storm . The 596th was inactivated when it was replaced by the 96th Bomb Squadron on 1 October 1993 .
USS Minneapolis – Saint Paul ( SSN - 708 ) USS " Minneapolis – Saint Paul " ( SSN - 708 ) , a " Los Angeles " - class submarine , was the first vessel of the United States Navy to be named for the metropolitan area of Minneapolis - Saint Paul , Minnesota , although each city had been honored twice before . The contract to build her was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton , Connecticut on 31 October 1973 and her keel was laid down on 20 January 1981 . She was launched on 19 March 1983 sponsored by Mrs . Penny Durenberger ( wife of Senator David Durenberger ) , and commissioned on 10 March 1984 , with Commander Ralph Schlichter in command . While " Minneapolis - St . Paul " was the first vessel named for the Twin Cities as a whole , she is the third ship to be named for Minneapolis as well as the third to be named for St . Paul . The previous " St . Paul " , CA - 73 , was the last big - gun heavy cruiser in the United States Navy , and held the distinction of having fired the final shot of World War II . History . " Minneapolis – Saint Paul " took part in Operation Desert Shield and the Gulf War and was the first submarine to carry Tomahawk missile s specifically designated for use in strikes against Iraq during the Gulf War . Four crew members were washed overboard by heavy waves on 29 December 2006 in Plymouth Sound , England as the ship was exiting HMNB Devonport on the surface following a port call . This resulted in the deaths of Senior Chief Petty Officer Thomas Higgins ( Chief of the Boat ) and Sonar Technician ( Submarines ) 2nd Class Michael Holtz . After the preliminary investigation , Commander Edwin Ruff , the Commanding Officer , received a punitive letter of reprimand and was relieved of command . " Minneapolis - St . Paul " conducted inter - fleet transfer from Norfolk VA to Pearl Harbor HI in July 2007 for decommissioning . Custody of " Minneapolis - Saint Paul " was transferred to Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard in August 2008 .
Battle of Montemurlo On 1 or 2 August 1537 ( both dates are given in sources ) , near the Tuscan village of Montemurlo , the forces of the newly installed Duke Cosimo I of Florence defeated a hastily organized army of those who wished to overthrow the Medici and restore the Republic of Florence . Following the battle , Cosimo ' s bloody vengeance on all those who opposed Medici rule effectively ended organized opposition to his family in Florence . The victory led to the decision of Emperor Charles V to formally recognize Cosimo as Duke of Florence on 30 September 1537 .
HMS Gay Archer ( P1041 ) HMS " Gay Archer " ( P1041 ) was a " Gay " - class fast patrol boat of the Royal Navy . She was built by Vosper , Portchester , and launched on 20 August 1952 . History . She was the first of twelve vessels of the Gay class fast patrol boats . Whilst on delivery from Vosper to the Royal Navy , her hull was punctured . During her time with the Royal Navy , she was nearly sunk on two occasions . Whilst in Aarhus Harbour , Denmark on 18 May 1953 she was alongside MTB P1023 , which caught fire and exploded . The second occasion happened when she was returning to Southsea after a search and rescue mission . She fouled a submerged broken boom defence pylon and her casing was holed , she was saved by an admiralty tug which responded to her Mayday . End of RN service . During the 1950s she operated with submarine detection equipment , and prior to being sold , she operated out of Malta . She was sold to Cottness Iron Co . , Wishaw on 24 July 1963 . Restoration . She has been gradually restored since 2005 by Paul Childs , and was bought for the sum of just £1 . Seen on the 16th October 2012 in the Harbour at Watchet - Somerset
ROF Blackburn Royal Ordnance Factory , ROF , Blackburn was part of the Ministry of Defence organisations producing components for the manufacture of armament s and arms related equipment from the late 1930 until after WWII . Commonly known locally as the " Fuse " or " Fuze " , because the majority of components in production related to the fuse mechanisms used on most explosive device s at the time , bomb s . Providing local employment , the factory was known as a good employer and provided one of the best and respected apprenticeship schemes in the region . Along with mass production of fuse mechanisms , it also developed Safety and Arming Mechanisms , S & A Units for many more of the sophisticated weapon s in development during and after WWII . These S & A units provided safe handling for missile s whilst under transit conditions and safety for operator personnel up to the time of having to be armed . Bombs and missiles need specific launch conditions to be fulfilled to stop injury and fatalities to handlers during pre - launch . Most well known missiles from the UK after WWII had S & A units from ROF Blackburn , including Blue Streak , and other weapons used at the time of the Falklands Crisis .
Stanley Frederick Gibbs Stanley Frederick Gibbs GC ( 2 January 1909 – 3 March 1991 ) was an Australian recipient of the Albert Medal , formerly the highest decoration for gallantry awarded to civilians or to military personnel for actions " not in the face of the enemy " in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth . Gibbs was decorated with the Albert Medal for his rescue of a man during a shark attack in 1927 . With the establishment of the George Cross , the Albert Medal was discontinued and , in 1971 , living recipients of the decoration were invited to exchange their medal for the George Cross ; Gibbs took up the offer and formally became a recipient of the George Cross . Early life . Gibbs was born in Hunters Hill , New South Wales , on 2 January 1909 . Leaving school , Gibbs later gained employment with the Gas Light Company , based in Sydney . Albert Medal . On 3 January 1927 , Gibbs was out driving a launch at Port Hacking when he noticed Mervyn Allum struggling in the water . Thinking the youth was drowning , Gibbs made his way to the nose of the launch in order to give assistance to Allum . It was then that Gibbs realised Allum was being attacked by a shark , and he immediately dived into the water . By kicking and punching the shark , Gibbs managed to free Allum from its jaws . With the assistance of another man , Gibbs succeeded in lifting Allum out of the water and into a rowing boat . Due to his injuries , Allum died soon after . For his actions during the incident , Gibbs was subsequently awarded the Albert Medal . The notification and accompanying citation for the decoration was published in the " London Gazette " on 8 February 1927 , reading : Later life . In a ceremony at Sydney Town Hall on 28 March 1927 , Gibbs was invested with his Albert Medal by the Duke of York . On 9 February 1942 , Gibbs enlisted in the Second Australian Imperial Force at Paddington for service during the Second World War . Allocated to the 35th Battalion as a private , he served in the army until his discharge on 28 December 1944 , at which time he returned to his job with the Gas Light Company . In 1948 , Gibbs married Doris Mannix . During 1971 , the British Government announced that all living recipients of the Albert Medal and Edward Medal would in future be treated as recipients of the George Cross , and were invited to exchange their medals for the latter award . As such , those who wished to exchange their insignia were invited to attend an investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace to receive their George Crosses . On 12 July 1972 , Gibbs was one of five Australian Albert Medal recipients presented with his George Cross by Queen Elizabeth II . In 1974 , Gibbs retired from the Gas Light Company . He died in Sydney on 3 March 1991 , aged 82 .
Wapenshaw A wapenshaw ( from the Old English for " weapon show " ) was originally a gathering and review of troops formerly held in every district in Scotland . The object was to satisfy the military chiefs that the arms of their retainers were in good condition and that the men were properly trained in their use . The term is still occasionally used in the United Kingdom for rifle or other gun shows , particularly those involving historic weapons . " Wapenshaw " is also widely used in the Woodcraft Folk to describe a daily ceremony when camping , which involves each camper removing all belongings from their tent and laying them out on a groundsheet in a fixed order . This serves two purposes : to air out the tent , and to ensure that no items have been lost .
USS Alfred Wolf ( DE - 544 ) USS " Alfred Wolf " ( DE - 544 ) was a proposed World War II United States Navy " John C . Butler " - class destroyer escort that was never completed . The name " Alfred Wolf " was assigned to the ship on 26 October 1943 . Her keel was laid at the Boston Navy Yard in Boston , Massachusetts , on 9 December 1943 . Due to changes in World War II ship construction priorities , the construction of " Alfred Wolf " was suspended on 10 June 1944 and cancelled altogether on 5 September 1944 . Subsequently , the incomplete ship was scrapped on the building ways .
Foxhall A . Parker , Sr . Foxhall Alexander Parker , Sr . ( 1788 – 23 November 1857 ) was an officer in the United States Navy . Biography . Born in Westmoreland County , Virginia , Parker joined the Navy as a midshipman on January 1 , 1808 . During the War of 1812 he was captured at sea . He was commissioned lieutenant on March 9 , 1813 , commander on March 3 , 1825 and captain on March 3 , 1835 . In 1821 , he served in " Constitution " , and assumed command of her in 1842 . In 1851 , as Commodore , he commanded the Home Squadron . In 1814 , he married Sarah Jay Bogardus ( b . 1794 ) , daughter of Robert Bogardus ( 1771 - 1841 ) , and their children were Foxhall A . Parker , Jr . ( 1821 - 1879 ) and William Harwar Parker ( 1826 - 1896 ) , who were also prominent naval officers .