naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Negropont The Battle of Negropont was fought in July 1470 between the fleets of Venice and the Ottoman Empire . The Ottomans , led by Sultan Mehmed II ( Fatih Sultan Mehmet ) were besieging Negropont ; the Venetians arrived to break the siege , but failed . Negropont became part of the Ottoman Empire and an Ottoman naval base . The leader of the Venetian relief force was Nicolò Canal , known as " a man of letters rather than a fighter , a learned man readier to read books than direct the affairs of the sea . " His fleet had 53 galleys and 18 smaller ships , a fifth of the Ottoman fleet ' s size . He arrived three weeks into the siege , lost his nerve and withdrew to Samothrace , asking for more help , but only Papal indulgences arrived . Canal could have broken the siege if he had attacked the Pontoon bridge the Turks depended on . Wind and tide were in his favour and the Venetians were sailing 15 knots towards it , but he lost his nerve and withdrew . He took his now mutinous fleet back to Venice and Negropont surrendered the next day . The garrison commander , Paolo Erizzo , surrendered in order to keep his head , but the Ottomans executed him by cutting him in half at the waist . Canal was tried , fined , stripped of his rank and exiled to Portogruaro .
United States Naval Mine Test Facility , Provincetown United States Naval Mine Test Facility , Provincetown was a testing facility of the United States Navy located in Provincetown , Massachusetts . It was active from 1944 to 1946 . After its closure , it was redeveloped into many private uses , including the Provincetown Vocational School .
Stanisław Kasznica Stanisław Józef Bronisław Kasznica ( July 25 , 1908 - May 12 , 1948 ) was the last commander of the National Armed Forces ( NSZ ) , an anti - communist , and anti - Nazi paramilitary organization , which was part of the Polish resistance movement in World War II and in the period following it . He was born in Lwów , and his father , Stanisław Wincenty Antoni Kasznica , was rector and professor of the Poznań University in Greater Poland . During World War II he initially fought in the Polish Army , joining the National Armed Forces resistance group after the defeat of Polish military . After the war he did not cease the fight for Poland ' s freedom and fought with the NSZ against the Soviet - installed communist regime . He was arrested by the Polish communist secret police , the Urząd Bezpieczeństwa , in February 1947 , tortured and condemned to death by a communist Polish court . He was executed on May 12 , 1948 in the Warsaw Mokotów prison . His symbolic grave is located at Warsaw Powązki Cemetery . Kasznica used numerous " nom de guerre s " , including Stanisław Wąsacz , Wąsowski , Przepona , Służa , Maszkowski , and Borowski .
Jean - Baptiste Dominique Rusca Jean - Baptiste Dominique Rusca ( 27 November 1759 – 14 February 1814 ) was born in the County of Nice , part of the Kingdom of Sardinia . By profession a medical doctor , he advocated the cause of the French Revolution and was expelled by the Sardinian authorities . In 1793 , he treated the French sick and wounded during the Siege of Toulon and was appointed to command a sapper battalion . He later fought in the Army of Italy and the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees before returning to Italy . By the time of the Montenotte Campaign in 1796 , he was a general officer leading major units . He was captured by the Austrians during the 1799 Italian campaign . After commanding garrisons for several years , he led a division in Italy during the 1809 war . He was killed in action at Soissons during the War of the Sixth Coalition . Rusca is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe .
Sir Charles Lowther , 4th Baronet Lieutenant - Colonel Sir Charles Bingham Lowther , 4th Baronet , CB , DSO , ( 22 July 1880 – 22 January 1949 ) , was the grandson of Sir Charles Lowther , 3rd Baronet , of Swillington and succeeded to his baronetcy in 1894 . Educated at Sandhurst , he was gazetted a second lieutenant in the 21st Lancers on 12 August 1899 . Lowther served as an officer in the 8th King ' s Royal Irish Hussars , reaching the rank of captain before transferring into the Northamptonshire Yeomanry on 4 May 1911 . DSO 1917 , was awarded the Croce di Guerra 17 May 1919 , and made an Officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy on 2 March 1923 . Lowther was Master of the Pytchley Hounds from 1914 to 1927 . He sold the Swillington estate in 1920 and after living at Thornby House , Northamptonshire for some years he settled at Erbistock Hall , Denbighshire . He was High Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1926 and Deputy Lieutenant of Northamptonshire 29 July 1922 . He retired from the Territorial Army as a lieutenant colonel on 3 August 1935 . On 19 June 1941 , he was appointed an Officer of the Venerable Order of St John , and was made a Commander of the Order on 2 July 1947 . Lowther was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Denbighshire in the same year , on 21 March 1947 and resigned his Northamptonshire commission on 3 April 1947 . He was made a CB on 10 June 1948 and died early in the following year .
HMS Zest ( R02 ) HMS " Zest " ( R02 ) was a Z - class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during World War II . She was later converted into a Type 15 fast anti - submarine frigate , with the new pennant number F102 . She served in the Far East with 24th Escort Squadron 1964 - 68 under the command of Commander Fiddian - Green RN .
1st Regiment of Life Guards The 1st Regiment of Life Guards was a cavalry regiment in the British Army , part of the Household Cavalry . It was formed in 1788 by the union of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards and 1st Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards . In 1922 , it was amalgamated with the 2nd Regiment of Life Guards to form the Life Guards . History . In the Napoleonic Wars , it fought in the Peninsula War and Waterloo . In 1877 , it was renamed 1st Life Guards and contributed to the Household Cavalry Composite Regiment in the 1882 Anglo - Egyptian War , the 1899 - 1901 Second Boer War and in the Great War from August to November , 1914 . From 1916 to 1918 , the Reserve Regiment contributed to the Household Battalion . In 1918 , the regiment was converted to the 1st Battalion , Guards Machine Gun Regiment . It was reconstituted in 1919 and was amalgamated with the 2nd Regiment of Life Guards in 1922 to form the Life Guards .
Thomas Oliver Selfridge , Jr . Thomas Oliver Selfridge , Jr . ( 6 February 1836 – 4 February 1924 ) , son of Thomas O . Selfridge , was an officer in the United States Navy . Born in Charlestown , Massachusetts , Selfridge graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1854 . Civil War . At the beginning of the American Civil War , he helped with efforts to destroy the untenable Norfolk Navy Yard ; and he then escaped from that burning and beleaguered base in " Cumberland " , helping to save the sloop of war for the Union Navy . He participated in the capture of the Hatteras forts and was on board " Cumberland " on 8 March 1862 when she was sunk by Confederate ironclad , " Virginia " . He then briefly commanded " Monitor " , after Lieutenant John L . Worden was wounded ; and commanded " Alligator " , an experimental submarine , in testing operations based at the Washington Navy Yard . In August , he joined the Mississippi Squadron , and subsequently commanded " Cairo " and " Conestoga " when those ships were sunk in action . Late in the war , he returned to the Atlantic where he commanded " Huron " in the attacks on Fort Fisher ; and he participated in the ensuing bombardment of Fort Anderson and the capture of Wilmington , North Carolina . Postwar . His postwar service included command of " Nipsic " , " Enterprise " , and " Omaha " — the last two on the Asiatic Station — and duty as Commander in Chief of the European Squadron from 1895 to 1898 . Like his father , he was a Veteran Companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States . He was also a Hereditary Companion of the Military Order of Foreign Wars . Rear Admiral Selfridge retired on 6 February 1898 and died on 4 February 1924 . Namesake ships . USS " Selfridge " ( DD - 320 ) was named for the elder Rear Admiral Selfridge , while USS " Selfridge " ( DD - 357 ) was named for both officers .
Helmuth Hufenbach Helmuth Hufenbach ( 27 February 1908 – 27 March 1945 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II , and one of only 882 recipients of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Helmuth Hufenbach was killed on 27 March 1945 in the Heiligenbeil Pocket . He was posthumously promoted to Generalmajor and awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight ' s Cross .
Louisa Wilkinson Dame Louisa Jane Wilkinson , DBE , RRC ( 1889 – 1968 ) was Matron - in - Chief of the QAIMNS / QARANC . She joined the QAIMNS Reserves in August 1914 . She was briefly married in 1917 but her husband was killed on active duty during World War I . Wilkinson became a regular member of the QAIMNS , and saw service during both World Wars . She was appointed Matron in Chief from 1944 – 48 , and after retirement was named Colonel Commandant . Dame Louisa Wilkinson founded the QARANC Association in 1947 .
USS Sacandaga ( AOG - 40 ) USS " Sacandaga " ( AOG - 40 ) was a " Mettawee " - class gasoline tanker acquired by the U . S . Navy for the dangerous task of transporting gasoline to warships in the fleet , and to remote Navy stations . " Sacandaga " was laid down on 4 August 1944 as MC hull 1803 , by the East Coast Shipyard , Inc . , Bayonne , New Jersey ; launched on 24 September 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . B . S . Chappelear ; and commissioned on 9 November 1944 , Lt . Edwin W . Heister , USNR , in command . World War II service . After shakedown , " Sacandaga " departed the U . S . East Coast in January 1945 and proceeded , via the Panama Canal , to the U . S . West Coast . She arrived at San Diego , California , on 3 February and then moved on to Okinawa , stopping briefly at Pearl Harbor , Johnston Island , Eniwetok , and Ulithi . Arriving at Okinawa on 16 May , she commenced operations under Commander , Service Squadron ( ComServRon ) 10 supplying aviation fuel to units afloat and ashore . Destroyed in a typhoon . " Sacandaga " operated in the Ryukyus , principally at Okinawa and Kerama Retto , until 9 October when , caught in a typhoon , she went aground at Baten Ko , Okinawa . Damaged beyond repair , " Sacandaga " was abandoned . She was decommissioned on 23 November and struck from the Navy list on 5 December . On 25 January 1946 , she was declared a hazard to navigation and destroyed by demolition charges . Military awards and honors . " Sacandaga " earned 1 battle star during World War II .
Action of 27 February 1941 The Action of 27 February 1941 was a single ship action between a New Zealand cruiser and an Italian auxiliary cruiser . It began when HMNZS " Leander " ordered a flagless freighter to stop for an inspection . Instead of complying , the freighter , the , raised the Italian colours and engaged the cruiser in a short battle . The action ended with " Leander " sinking " Ramb I " . Background . As the Allied forces closed on Massawa during the East African Campaign , the Italian Red Sea Flotilla was ordered to break out of the harbour and run for friendly ports . One group of Italian vessels consisting of the colonial ship " Eritrea " and the auxiliary cruisers and attempted to reach Japan and operate as commerce raiders . The Italian squadron managed to break the British blockade on 20 February and scattered into the Indian Ocean . " Ramb I " was heading for the Dutch East Indies when on 27 February she was challenged by the New Zealand light cruiser HMNZS " Leander " off the Maldives . " Leander " was the leader of her class of cruiser s , armed with eight guns , ten gun s , twelve Vickers machine gun s in quadruple mounts , and eight torpedo tube s . " Leander " also had armour plating over her turrets , deck and magazines , as well as a top speed of . " Ramb I " — as an auxiliary cruiser — was not a purpose - built warship , and therefore lacked armour protection . Her armament consisted of two guns and eight anti - aircraft machine gun s . She was also slower than " Leander " , with a top speed of only . Battle . Acting on reports of commerce raiders in the area , " Leander " was sent to patrol the area of the Indian Ocean to the south and slightly west of India . On 27 February , " Leander " intercepted " Ramb I " off the Maldive Islands and challenged her . " Ramb I " attempted to bluff " Leander " with misleading signals but , although " Ramb I " was not flying Italian colours , " Leander " ordered her to stop . The Italian flag was raised and " Ramb I " simultaneously opened fire from , splinters from her first salvo hitting " Leander " . " Leander " replied with five salvoes within the next minute , leaving " Ramb I " seriously damaged and on fire . She struck her colours and " Leander " ceased firing . Aftermath . " Ramb I " had been badly damaged and , as " Leander " closed , the order to abandon ship was given . " Ramb I " was destroyed by an explosion after the majority of the crew had abandoned her . 113 men , including her captain , were rescued by " Leander " , of whom one later died from burns . The survivors of " Ramb I " were disembarked at Addu Atoll and subsequently transported to prisoner of war camps in Colombo , Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka ) , by the tanker " Pearleaf " .
SABCA S . 40 The SABCA S . 40 was a military trainer aircraft built in Belgium in 1939 . It was a sleek , low - wing cantilever monoplane of conventional design with fixed , taildragger undercarriage . The pilot and instructor sat in tandem cockpits , enclosed by sliding canopies . A single engine driving a two - blade propeller was mounted in the nose . The main undercarriage units were fully independent , mounted under the wings , and enclosed in spats . A small number were built for the Belgian military before the German invasion in 1940 .
Confederate colonies Confederate colonies were made up of emigrants from the Confederate States of America who fled the United States after the Union won the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ) . They settled in many Latin American countries like Brazil and Mexico . Background . Many Southerners had lost their land during the war and were unwilling to live under the government of the United States of America . They did not expect an improvement in the South ' s economic position . Most of the emigrants were from the states of Alabama , Texas , Louisiana , Mississippi , Georgia , and South Carolina . No one has determined how many American southerners emigrated to Latin America . As noted in unpublished research , Betty Antunes de Oliveira found in port records of Rio de Janeiro that some 20 , 000 Americans entered Brazil from 1865 to 1885 . Other researchers have estimated the number at 10 , 000 . An unknown number returned to the United States after the end of Reconstruction . Most immigrants adopted Brazilian citizenship .
Ministry of National Defense ( Republic of Korea ) The Ministry of National Defense ( MND ) is a department within the government of South Korea and responsible for the military branches of South Korea . It was established on 15 August 1948 and located at Yongsan - dong , Yongsan - gu , Seoul . In April 2012 , MND appointed entertainer Rain , who is serving as a PR agent for the Defense Media Agency , as Honorary Ambassador of Military for the duration of his service . Previous ambassador were actors Lee Dong Gun and Seo Ji - seok . Notable enlistments . The following all served as PR agents at the Defense Media Agency . Criticism . The Ministry of National Defense is allegedly active in military - level censorship such as book banning and screening of mobile apps within the military hierarchy .
ORP Mewa ORP " Mewa " was a of the Polish Navy at the outset of World War II . " Mewa " participated in the defense of Poland during the Nazi German invasion of 1939 . The ship was damaged on 1 September 1939 by a Nazi bomb . On 3 September she was again hit by bombs and sank . The ship was later refloated and captured by the Germans . After the war , she returned to serve under the Polish flag .
Italian Air Force The Italian Air Force , in Italian Aeronautica Militare is the air force of the Italian Republic ( " Repubblica Italiana " ) . She had a prominent role in modern military history of Italy and its aerobatic display team is the Frecce Tricolori . History . Italy is one of the nations that possess one of the oldest traditions in the field of aviation . In 1884 , the Italian Royal Army ( " Regio Esercito " ) was allowed to equip with their own air component , the Aeronautical Service ( " Servizio Aeronautico " ) with the command center in Rome . In 1911 , during the Italo - Turkish war , the country , was the first in the world to build aircraft for reconnaissance and bombing . On March 28 of 1923 , it was founded as an independent government by King Emmanuel III the Kingdom of Italy ( " Regno d ' Italia " ) . The air force was known as the " Regia Aeronautica " , which equates to " Royal Air Force . " During the 1930s , the Italian Royal Air Force was involved in its first military operation , initially in Ethiopia in 1935 , and later in the Spanish Civil War , between 1936 and 1939 . After a period of neutrality , Italy entered the World War II on June 10 of 1940 on the side of Germany . in which the Italian Air Force could offer more than 3 , 000 aircraft , even though less than 60 % were useful . She fought from the icy steppes of Russia to the desert sands of North Africa , losing men and machines . After the armistice between Italy and the allied forces on September 8 of 1943 , Italy was divided into two sides , and so did the Italian Royal Air Force . The end of hostilities on 8 May 1945 , the doors in April for the rebirth of military aviation in Italy . Italian Aircraft . The Italian Air Force operates 585 aircraft , including 386 ( 2007 ) 114 fighter jets and helicopters .
Jajce Fortress Jajce Fortress is a fortress in Jajce , Bosnia and Herzegovina . It was built around the fourteenth century , but it was many times repaired and rebuilt . On the southwest is an entrance with the royal coat of arms . The fortress covers an area of 11 200 m2 and the length of the walls is 1300 meters . The fortress was built by Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić , the founder of Jajce . It was the seat of the kings , who engraved their coat of arms on the castle . A part of the wall was found by the Hungarian King and the Ottomans made the powder magazine . The walls are high and the castle was built on a hill that is egg shaped , the rivers Pliva and Vrbas also protect the castle . There is no rampart on the southeast , but the windows and porches are looking on this side . The whole area is geographically and historically interesting . Jajce was the last Bosnian town that , in the 1528 , fell into the hands of the Ottoman Empire .
USS Pluck ( AMc - 94 ) USS " Pluck " ( AMc - 94 ) was an " Accentor " - class coastal minesweeper acquired by the U . S . Navy for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing . " Pluck " , a wooden - hulled coastal minesweeper , was laid down 7 June 1941 by the Noank Shipbuilding Co . , Noank , Connecticut , launched 4 April 1942 and placed in service 6 October 1942 , Lt . ( j . g . ) J . C . Butt , USNR , in charge . World War II service . Following shakedown and training , " Pluck " departed Miami , Florida , 19 February 1943 , for San Juan , Puerto Rico . She soon operated from the American naval base at Trinidad , British West Indies . She conducted minesweeping operations in the Caribbean to protect Allied shipping . Post - war inactivation . Pluck decommissioned 12 November 1945 . She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register 8 May 1946 . Transferred to the Maritime Commission 24 November 1947 , she was subsequently sold .
HMAS Kapunda HMAS " Kapunda " ( J218 / M218 ) , named for the town of Kapunda , South Australia , was one of 60 " Bathurst " class corvettes constructed during World War II , and one of 36 initially manned and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . Construction . " Kapunda " was laid down by Poole & Steel at Balmain , New South Wales on 27 August 1941 . She was launched on 23 June 1942 by Mary Quirk , the Mary Lily May Quirk , then Member for Balmain in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly , and was commissioned into the RAN on 21 October 1942 . Operational history . " Kapunda " entered service as a convoy escort along the east coast of Australia . Initially operating between Sydney and Brisbane , she was reassigned to the Queensland - New Guinea run in March 1943 . " Kapunda " fired in anger for the first time during March , when eight Japanese bombers and twelve Japanese fighter aircraft attacked a convoy escorted by " Kapunda " and sister ship . Anti - aircraft fire from the two corvettes drove the aircraft off . On 12 April , a convoy under escort by the corvette was attacked by a formation of 37 Japanese aircraft . Several aircraft were destroyed by combined fire from " Kapunda " and the merchant ships , but the merchantman MV " Gorgon " was successfully hit and started to burn . " Kapunda " manoeuvered alongside the damaged ship and sent firefighting parties aboard , extinguishing the flames and helping " Gorgon " to proceed to port . On 1 April 1944 , the corvette was redeployed to New Guinea . " Kapunda " was tasked with convoy escort , anti - submarine patrol , and shore bombardment duties , and remained in the area until October 1944 , when she returned to Sydney for refit . After the refit concluded in late November , she returned to her duties in New Guinea , and with the exception of a brief docking in Darwin in June 1945 , served in these roles until the end of World War II . Following the war , " Kapunda " was used to assist the evacuation of Allied prisoners - of - war from Kuching , and was the venue for the signing of the surrender of Japanese forces in the Kuching area , with Major General Yamamura signing the instrument of surrender on board . " Kapunda " returned to Australian waters in November 1945 . The corvette received two battle honour s for her wartime service : " Pacific 1942 - 45 " and " New Guinea 1943 - 44 " . Decommissioning and fate . " Kapunda " was paid off into reserve on 14 January 1946 . She was marked for disposal on 30 December 1960 , and was sold on 6 January 1961 to Kinoshita ( Australia ) Pty Ltd for breaking up as scrap .
USS Grouse ( AMc - 12 ) USS " Grouse " ( AMc - 12 ) was a coastal minesweeper of the United States Navy . The ship , formerly the " New Bol " , was launched in 1938 by Martinac Shipbuilding Co . , Tacoma , Washington ; acquired by the Navy in 1940 ; and commissioned on 20 June 1941 at San Diego , California , Lt . ( j . g . ) Theodore L . Bergen in command . After shakedown off San Diego , California , " Grouse " performed patrol and minesweeping duties in the 11th Naval District . " Grouse " was decommissioned on 26 August 1944 . Struck from the Navy List on 23 September 1944 , she was transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal on 5 February 1945 .