naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
German submarine U - 461 German submarine " U - 461 " was a Type XIV supply and replenishment U - boat ( " " Milchkuh " " ) of the of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . Her keel was laid down on 9 December 1940 , by Deutsche Werke in Kiel as ' werk ' 292 . She was launched on 8 November 1941 and commissioned on 30 January 1942 with " Oberleutnant zur See " Hinrich - Oscar Bernbeck in command . Bernbeck was promoted to " Kapitänleutnant " by 21 April 1942 , when he was relieved by " Korvettenkapitän " Wolf - Harro Stiebler . Operational career . " U - 461 " conducted six patrols . As a supply boat , she avoided combat . 1st and 2nd patrols . " U - 461 " s first patrol took her from Kiel to St . Nazaire in occupied France , via the gap between Iceland and the Faeroe Islands and out into the mid - Atlantic . Her second patrol was much like her first ; the most westerly point in the vast Atlantic wastes was reached on 30 September 1942 . 3rd and 4th patrols . " U - 462 " s third sortie commenced with her departue from St . Nazaire on 19 November 1942 . Travelling south , she reached the furthest spot in the patrol which was roughly between South America and Africa . There , she spent two days ( according to her position reports ) , before moving a short distance west on 11 December 1942 . She returned to her French base on 3 January 1943 . She steamed to a point west of the Canary Islands , which she reached on 2 March 1943 . Having departed St . Nazaire on 13 February , she returned there for the last time on 22 March . 5th patrol . She left St . Nazaire on 20 April 1943 , but was attacked on the return leg on 23 April by a Canadian Wellington of 172 squadron RAF , equipped with a Leigh Light . Three bombs were dropped , resulting in slight damage and , more seriously , a trail of oil . She returned to France , but this time to Bordeaux . 6th patrol and loss . She had left Bordeaux on 27 July 1943 , but was hardly out of the Bay of Biscay , northwest of Cape Ortegal , Spain , when she was sunk on 30 July by an Australian Sunderland flying boat from No . 461 Squadron RAAF piloted by Flight Lieutenant Dudley Marrows . Coincidentally this aircraft had the registration " U " , also making it known as ' U - 461 ' . As a result of the attack , the pilot dropped an inflatable dinghy , fifteen of her crew survived ; 53 were killed .
USS Lynx ( AK - 100 ) USS " Lynx " ( AK - 100 ) was a US which served in the Pacific in World War II . " Lynx " was the third U . S . Navy vessel to bear the name , but unlike previous ships this one was named after the constellation Lynx . The " Lynx " was laid down as SS " Juan Bautista de Anza " under a Maritime Commission contract by California Shipbuilding Corp . , Wilmington , California , 26 April 1943 ; launched 18 May 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . E . E . McCarty ; renamed " Lynx " 27 May 1943 ; and commissioned 26 July 1943 , Comdr . Leander Jeffrey in command . Service history . Assigned to the Naval Transportation Service , " Lynx " loaded cargo at San Francisco and departed for the western Pacific 28 August . During the next 15 months she carried cargo out of San Francisco to American bases in the Pacific . Over this period she completed five round trip cargo runs which sent her to New Zealand , Australia , New Guinea , the New Hebrides , the Admiralties , and the Hawaiian Islands . Departing San Francisco 3 December 1944 , " Lynx " sailed to Pearl Harbor where she arrived 12 December to load four PT boat s . On 11 January 1945 she sailed for the Philippines ; and , steaming via the Admiralties and New Guinea , she reached Leyte Gulf 5 February . During the next two months she operated between Guiuan , Samar , and Tacloban , Leyte ; then she sailed for Okinawa 8 April . As American forces fought for control of that strategic island , which lay at the doorstep of Japan , " Lynx " steamed in convoy via Ulithi and arrived off Okinawa 26 April . Despite intermittent air attacks by the Japanese , she completed unloading cargo 4 May and sailed for Ulithi . Arriving there 9 May , she refueled , then sailed for the west coast 12 May . She reached San Francisco 4 June . After overhaul , " Lynx " loaded cargo and sailed for the Marshall Islands 2 July . She arrived Eniwetok 2 August , operated among the atolls during the next three weeks , then departed Kwajalein for San Francisco the 24th . She arrived 11 September ; and , following overhaul , she decommissioned at Suisun Bay , California , 1 November 1945 . Transferred to the War Shipping Administration the same day , she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register 16 November 1945 . " Lynx " received one battle star for World War II service .
Samuel Todd Samuel Todd ( born 1815 , date of death unknown ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay . Background . Born in 1815 in Portsmouth , New Hampshire , Todd was still living in that city when he joined the Navy . He served during the Civil War as a quartermaster on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 , he acted as his ship ' s conning officer and " performed his duties with outstanding skill and courage " despite heavy fire . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on December 31 , 1864 . Todd ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Stationed at the conn on board the U . S . S . " Brooklyn " during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram " Tennessee " in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Despite severe damage to his ship and the loss of several men on board as enemy fire raked her decks from stem to stern , Todd performed his duties with outstanding skill and courage throughout the furious battle which resulted in the surrender of the prize rebel ram " Tennessee " and in the damaging and destruction of batteries at Fort Morgan .
Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station The Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station ( ADSCS ) is located at Kojarena , east of Geraldton , Western Australia . The ADSCS is part of the US signals intelligence and analysis network ECHELON . The station has four satellite tracking dishes which intercept communications from Russian , Chinese , Japanese , Indian and Pakistani regional satellites and international communications satellites ( INTELSAT s and COMSAT s ) , throughout the Indian Ocean and South - East Asia n regions . Staff are drawn from the U . S . National Security Agency and the Australian Defence Signals Directorate , and the site is operated under the UKUSA Agreement . In 2007 , it was announced that an additional but separate US military communications facility would be built within the grounds of the ADSCGS . It will consist of three antennas and two smaller antennas making up a joint US - Australian ground station for the US Department of Defense Mobile User Objective System , a narrow - band networked satellite constellation for Ultra - High - Frequency satellite communications enabling secure all - weather and all - terrain 3 - G mobile telecommunications .
Principality of Ponte Corvo Although just within the territory of the Kingdom of Naples , Ponte Corvo was an enclave of the Papal States from 1463 , when the " comune " placed itself under papal jurisdiction , until it was captured by the French army in the Napoleonic Wars . After having been proclaimed " King of Italy " in 1805 , Napoleon created Ponte Corvo a principality for his General Jean Baptiste Bernadotte . The principality was nominally sovereign , but the Prince did have to take an oath to the King . It was short - lived , however , and in 1815 the town was ceded back to the Papal States . In 1820 the ' Republic ' of Pontecorvo seceded from the Papal States , but Papal rule was restored in March 1821 . In 1860 it joined Benevento , the other southern Italian papal enclave , in being united with the new Kingdom of Italy .
Battle of Fucine Lake The Battle of Fucine Lake was fought in 89 BC between a Roman army and a rebel force during the Social War . Lucius Porcius Cato was the leader of the Roman army at this battle . The consul Porcius Cato was defeated and killed while storming a Marsic camp in winter or early spring . There is an unusual archaeological footnote to this battle in a novel inscribed slingshot ( Campanelli p154 ) . A lead cone with a small iron ring at the top is interpreted as having had an attached string to make a combined sling ( weapon ) and bullet , used in this battle . The inscription , in the Venetian alphabet and language that mentions a Floro Decio , attests the presence of Venetian troops at this battle . ( Note : the name of Venice is derived from the name of this tribe and has the same adjectival name . ) This object is sufficiently unusual , in both its nature and its long inscription , as to suggest that it served some special purpose , e . g . might it have carried a flame over the camp ramparts to set the camp alight ? Any speculation must take account of the survival of this object . The current assumption is that this weapon fell in the lake and was only recovered in the 19th century when the Fucine lake was drained .
JDAM The Joint Direct Attack Munition ( JDAM ) is a guidance kit that converts unguided bombs , or " dumb bombs " into all - weather " smart " munitions . JDAM - equipped bombs are guided by an integrated inertial guidance system coupled to a global positioning system ( GPS ) receiver , giving them a published range of up to 15 nautical miles ( 28 km ) . The guidance system was developed by the United States Air Force and United States Navy , hence the " joint " in JDAM . The JDAM was meant to improve upon laser - guided bomb and imaging infrared technology , which can be hindered by bad ground and weather conditions . Laser seekers are now being fitted to some JDAMs
Harold Lydford Air Marshal Sir Harold Thomas Lydford KBE , CB , AFC ( 7 May 1898 – 20 September 1979 ) was a World War I pilot in the Royal Flying Corps and senior commander in the Royal Air Force during World War II and the post - war decade . RAF career . Lydford was commissioned into the Special Reserve of the Royal Flying Corps in 1917 . He transferred to the Royal Air Force after the War and served as a pilot with No . 208 Squadron in Constantinople . He served in World War II as Deputy Director of Organisation and Director of Organisation at the Air Ministry before being appointed Air Officer Commanding No . 28 Group in 1944 and Air Officer Commanding British Forces Aden in March 1945 . After the War he served as Commandant - General of the RAF Regiment , Air Officer Commanding No . 18 Group and Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief at Home Command before retiring in 1956 . In retirement he became a Director of " Electro Mechanisms Limited " and Chairman of the Royal Air Forces Association . References .
James S . Roantree James S . Roantree ( 1835 – February 24 , 1873 ) was a sergeant serving in the United States Marine Corps during the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Roantree was born in 1835 in Dublin , Ireland , and after immigrating to the United States he entering the Marine Corps from Brooklyn , New York , January 15 , 1858 . He was a sergeant assigned to the marine detachment aboard the when it was sent to fight in the American Civil War during the Battle of Mobile Bay . He died February 24 , 1873 , and was buried in New Calvary Cemetery Mattapan , Massachusetts . His grave can be found in section 10E , row 5 , grave 5 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Marine Corps . Born : 1835 , Dublin , Ireland . Accredited to : New York . G . O . No . : 45 , 31 December 1864 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Oneida during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram Tennessee in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Despite damage to his ship and the loss of several men on board as enemy fire raked her decks and penetrated her boilers , Sgt . Roantree performed his duties with skill and courage throughout the furious battle which resulted in the surrender of the rebel ram Tennessee and in the damaging and destruction of batteries at Fort Morgan .
USS Cumberland ( IX - 8 ) USS " Cumberland " ( IX - 8 ) , an unclassified miscellaneous vessel , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Cumberland River . A steel - hulled sailing bark , she was launched on 17 August 1904 by Boston Navy Yard sponsored by Miss P . Morton , daughter of the Secretary of the Navy , and commissioned on 20 July 1907 with Lieutenant Commander R . D . Hasbrouck of the Naval Training Station , Newport , Rhode Island , assigned to direct the training program on board the ship . Towed from Boston , Massachusetts , to Naval Training Station Newport , she was commissioned as an auxiliary to " Constellation " , stationary training ship . About 200 apprentice seamen were immediately quartered on board her . She remained at Newport training landsmen and apprentice seamen until November 1912 when she was assigned to the Naval Station at Guantanamo Bay , Cuba , as station ship . In 1914 " Cumberland " became receiving ship at the Naval Training Station , Norfolk , Virginia . On 7 April 1919 she was ordered to duty at Annapolis , Maryland , and was maintained at the United States Naval Academy until decommissioned on 31 October 1946 and delivered to the War Shipping Administration for disposal 22 July 1947 .
RAF Kirmington Royal Air Force Station Kirmington or more simply RAF Kirmington was a Royal Air Force station located north east of Brigg , Lincolnshire and north west of Grimsby , Lincolnshire , England . History . Second World War . It took its name from the village of Kirmington nearby ; the most notable squadron posted there was No . 166 Squadron RAF and a memorial plaque to the members of that unit is in the parish church . Post 1945 . From February 1946 the station was put on care and maintenance until relinquished by the Air Ministry to the Ministry of Agriculture in 1953 . Current use . In 1970 , after changing hands several times , Kirmington was selected as the best location for a regional airport serving the Hull , Grimsby and Scunthorpe localities and has become Humberside International Airport .
Frankolovo crime Frankolovo crime is one of the worst Nazi war crime s in the territory of present Slovenia during World War II . On February 12 , 1945 members of Wehrmacht killed one hundred Slovene civilians at Graben ( » ditch « ) in Stranice near Frankolovo . The crime was committed as revenge for a Slovene partisan ' s ambush in Tesno gorge , when on February 2 , 1945 one of the most important local Nazi officer s Anton Dorfmeister was mortally wounded , dying the next day in Celje hospital . As a revenge for his life , Nazis gathered one hundred hostages from prisons of Maribor , Celje , and Trbovlje and hung them on trees along the road .
Anglian Tower The Anglian Tower is the lower portion of a tower on the city walls of York in the English county of North Yorkshire . Its date is somewhat controversial . The tower is located on a section of the Roman city wall in the Museum Gardens . It is a small square tower , built of stone with arched doorways and tunnel - vaulted , and has a modern plaque stating : Despite such a bold statement , it has variously been dated to the late Roman , the sub - Roman or the Anglian period .
USS Fearless ( SP - 724 ) The first USS " Fearless " ( SP - 724 ) was a United States Navy tug in commission from 1917 to 1921 . " Fearless " was built as a commercial steam fishing trawler of the same name in 1877 . On 20 May 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her for use during World War I . Assigned the section patrol number 724 , she was commissioned as USS " Fearless " ( SP - 724 ) in 1917 . Assigned to the 4th Naval District , " Fearless " served for the rest of World War I as a tug in the Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , area . She apparently remained in naval service after the end of the war . " Fearless " was sold on 30 September 1921 .
Charles Arkoll Boulton Charles Arkoll Boulton ( April 17 , 1841 – May 15 , 1899 ) is noted for his role in the Red River and North - West Rebellion s . He was born in Cobourg , Canada West in 1841 , the great - grandson of D ’ Arcy Boulton , and educated at Upper Canada College . He served at Gibraltar , Malta and Montreal with the 100th Regiment of Foot . In 1869 , he was part of a survey party sent to the Red River Colony . On the orders of survey party leader , John Stoughton Dennis , he organized a group of volunteers to try to put down an uprising by Louis Riel . When 50 of his volunteers were captured and imprisoned , he left the colony and went to Portage la Prairie . He met some people who had escaped there and led an attempt to free the remaining captives . They were taken captive by Riel ' s Métis . He was later released and returned to Ontario . He operated a sawmill near Lakefield , Ontario , where he became a municipal councillor and then reeve . When his business failed in 1877 , he settled in the Shell River valley of Manitoba . He became the first warden of Russell County and chairman of the judicial board for the western district in 1881 . In 1885 , he led a group of militia known as Boulton ' s Scouts to help put down the North - West Rebellion . He was appointed to the Senate of Canada in 1889 . He died in Russell , Manitoba in 1899 .
11th SS - Standarte The 11th SS - Standarte was a large regimental formation of the Allgemeine - SS and the principal mustering SS unit in Austria . First formed in 1932 , the Standarte was headquartered in Vienna and during its first years of existence served as a base for members of the Austrian SS who were attempting to influence Austrian politics towards an Anschluss with Germany . By 1936 , the SS had been declared illegal in Austria , and the 11th SS - Standarte went completely underground , although still participated in several covert actions against the government of Austria . When Nazi Germany absorbed Austria in 1938 , the Standarte " came out in the open " and became the largest regiment command of the SS in Austria , under the authority of the SS - Oberabschnitt Donau . During this period in the 1930s , one notable member of the 11th SS - Standarate was Amon Göth who would later join the German Concentration Camp service and be immortalized in the film " Schindler ' s List " . When World War II began , most members of the 11th SS - Standarte transferred into the Waffen - SS . A small core of Allgemeine - SS personnel remained in Austria , but as the war progressed there were less and less formal functions performed by the 11th SS - Standarte . The unit effectively existed on paper only after 1944 , but was listed as having a posted commander until the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945 .
Redwood Castle Redwood Castle ( also known as " Egan Castle " or " Caislean Choillte Rua " in Irish ) is a Norman castle near Lorrha in County Tipperary , Ireland . The castle was built by the Normans around 1200 AD , and was occupied by them until c . 1350 , when the Mac Aodhagáin ( MacEgan , Egan , Keegan ) were installed on the lands . As hereditary Brehons or lawyers , the Mac Aodhagáin clan established a school of learning here , which was patronised by the family for several hundred years . The castle was enlarged and renovated several times , with considerable work in 1350 and 1580 . Aside from the original thick stone walls , the building demonstrates some architectural features common to Irish fortifications of the period ( including a murder - hole ) , and some less common features ( including a Sheela na gig ) . The castle remained under continuous occupation and ownership by the ( Mac ) Egan families until it was confiscated and burned at the time of the Cromwellian conquest c . 1650 . The site remained in ruin , with only the thick exterior walls standing , until Michael J . Egan , a Mayo lawyer , purchased and renovated the building in 1972 . While the castle remains a private residence , terms of the Department of Finance " Heritage / Cultural Tax Relief " mean the castle is periodically open to the public during the summer months . It is a protected structure ( ref S329 ) on the North Tipperary list of protected structures . The castle hosted several " Clan Egan " rallies in 2000 , 2004 and 2008 .
Edmund Hudleston Air Chief Marshal Sir Edmund Cuthbert Hudleston GCB , CBE , ADC , RAF ( 30 December 1908 – 14 December 1994 ) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force . RAF career . Born in Kalgoorlie and educated at Guilford School in Western Australia , Hudleston joined the Royal Air Force in 1927 . He served as an armament officer in India before attending the RAF Staff College , Andover in 1938 . During World War II he served in various senior staff officer positions at RAF Middle East Command and Desert Air Force before being appointed Air Officer Commanding No . 84 Group in 1944 . After the war , Hudleston attended the Imperial Defence College before becoming Head of the UK Military Delegation to the Western European Union Military Staff ' s Committee in 1948 and Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans & Policy at Headquarters SHAPE in 1951 . He was made Air Officer Commanding No . 3 Group in 1953 and then became an instructor at the Imperial Defence College in 1956 before being appointed Chief of Staff ( Air ) for Operation Musketeer , the operation to recover the Suez Canal . He went on to be Vice - Chief of the Air Staff in 1957 , Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief at RAF Transport Command in 1962 and Commander of Allied Air Forces Central Europe in 1963 . He is last appointment was as Deputy Commander - in - Chief , Allied Forces Central Europe in 1964 before retiring in 1967 . In retirement he became a Director at the Optical Division of Pilkington Brothers . Family . In 1936 he married Nancye Davis ; they had one son and one daughter . Following the death of his first wife he married Brenda Withrington .
Greencastle , County Down Greencastle is a castle in County Down , Northern Ireland . It is a royal castle built in the 13th century . It was attacked and taken by Edward Bruce in 1316 , attacked at least twice by the Irish in the later 14th century but still maintained as an English garrison in the 1590s . The large rectangular keep with three vaulted chambers at the ground floor is approached across a rock - cut ditch . While it dates mainly from the 13th century , it had substantial 15th - and 16th - century alterations . The castle is a state - care historic monument in the townland of Greencastle , in the Newry and Mourne District Council area , at grid ref : J2473 1184 .