naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Siege of the Acropolis ( 1821 – 22 ) The Siege of the Acropolis in 1821 – 1822 involved the siege of the Acropolis of Athens by the Greek rebels , during the early stages of the Greek War of Independence . Following the outbreak of the Greek uprising against the Ottoman Empire in March 1821 , Athens fell into Greek hands on 28 April without a fight . Its garrison and Muslim inhabitants , along with the Greek population ' s leaders as hostages , retired to the Acropolis , which served as the garrison commander ' s residence . The initial Greek force , some 600 Athenians led by Meletios Vasileiou , was soon augmented by volunteers from Aegina , Hydra , Cephallonia and Kea to ca . 3 , 000 , and maintained a loose siege of the fortified hill . A handful of Ottoman soldiers managed to break through the siege , and went to Karystos in Euboea to request the aid of the local governor , Omar Bey , and of the general Omer Vrioni . The two Ottoman leaders united their forces and descended on Attica . The Greek rebels scattered before them , and the Ottoman forces entered Athens on 20 July . Vrioni remained in Attica to pursue the Greek forces , while Omar of Karystos returned to his home province . After Vrioni ' s departure , however , the siege recommenced . In spring 1821 , the Greek forces were reinforced with artillery commanded by French Philhellenes , who began a bombardment of the fortress . The Ottoman garrison surrendered on 9 June 1822 ( O . S . ) .
Crosley - class high speed transport " Crosley " class high speed transports were transport ships that served in the United States Navy during World War II . Some stayed in commission long enough to serve in the Korean War and the Vietnam War . All of them were converted from s during construction except for , which was converted a year after her construction . After World War II ended , several of the ships were sold to Mexico , South Korea , Taiwan , and Colombia .
Thomas Brady ( general ) Thomas Brady ( 1752 ? - 1827 ) , was an Irish general ( " feldzeugmeister " ) in the Austrian army . Brady was born at Cavan , Ireland ( one account has it Cootehill ) between October 1752 and May 1753 . He entered the Austrian service on 1 November 1769 . On the list for that date his name appears as " Peter " , but in all subsequent rolls he is called " Thomas " . Brady served until 4 April 1774 as a cadet in the " Wied " infantry regiment . On 10 April 1774 he was promoted to ensign in the " Fabri " infantry regiment ; he became a lieutenant on 30 November 1775 , first lieutenant 20 March 1784 , and captain in 1788 . He distinguished himself as a lieutenant at Habelschwerdt in 1778 , and received the Maria Theresa cross for personal bravery at the storming of Novi on 3 November 1788 , during the Turkish war with Austria and Russia . He was appointed major on 20 July 1790 , served on the staff until 1793 , and on 1 April of that year was appointed lieutenant colonel of the corps of Tyrolese sharpshooters . He was transferred on 21 December to the Murray infantry regiment , of which he became colonel on 6 February 1794 . Brady fought with that regiment in General Latour ' s corps at Frankenthal in 1795 , and distinguished himself on 19 June 1796 at Ukerad . He was promoted to major general on 6 September 1796 , at which rank he served in Italy and commanded at Cattaro in 1799 . He became Lieutenant General on 28 January 1801 , and in 1803 was made honorary colonel of the Imperial ( first ) infantry regiment . In 1804 , Brady was appointed governor of Dalmatia . In 1807 , he was made privy councillor in recognition of his service as general of a division in Bohemia . In 1809 be took a leading role in the Battle of Aspern , with a large portion of the Austrian army under his command . General Brady retired on 8 September 1800 , and died 16 October 1827 .
Operation Southern Cross Operation Southern Cross ( 1986 ) was a military operation by the South African Defence Force during the South African Border War and Angolan Civil War . During May 1986 , the SADF began planning an operation that called for the capture of the FAPLA controlled town and airbase at Cuito Cuanavale . The units would consist of 32 Battalion , SAAF , Special Forces and UNITA troops . The operation would be carried out at night and aided by air and artillery attacks . Cuito Cuanavale was a military base used previously to launch Cuban and Angolan attacks on the UNITA held town of Mavinga with the objective to capture it and eventually launch an attack on the UNITA headquarters at Jamba . The 13th and 25th FAPLA Brigades were deployed protect Cuito Cuanavale . This initial plan was scrapped by the SADF and modified to become just an artillery bombardment on Cuito Cuanavale . This occurred during July 1986 . The SADF would use the Valkiri multiple rocket launchers and the G5 155 mm artillery guns . 32 Battalion would be used for escort and protection duties . The town was bombarded for two nights and failed to achieve its destruction . The original assault plan was then revived and this became the planning tool for Operation Alpha Centauri during August 1986 .
Magersfontein The Magersfontein battlefield is a site of the Battle of Magersfontein ( December 1899 ) , part of the Second Boer War in South Africa . The battlefield is located at south of Kimberley , Northern Cape Province , South Africa and can be reached either via the airport road ( 31 . 5 km ) , or by national road via the Modder River ( 47 . 5 km ) .
1974 White House helicopter incident At 2 A . M . on February 17 , 1974 , Robert K . Preston , a United States Army private first class , stole a United States Army Bell UH - 1 Iroquois ( " Huey " ) helicopter from Fort Meade , Maryland , flew it to Washington , D . C . and hovered for six minutes over the White House before descending on the south lawn , about 100 yards from the West Wing . There was no initial attempt from the Executive Protective Service to shoot the helicopter down , and he later took off and was chased by two Maryland State Police helicopters . Preston forced one of the police helicopters down through his maneuvering of the helicopter , and then returned to the White House . This time , as he hovered above the south grounds , the Executive Protective Service fired at him with shotgun s and submachine gun s . Preston was injured slightly , and landed his helicopter . In a plea bargain , he pled guilty to " wrongful appropriation and breach of the peace , " and was sentenced to 1 year in prison and fined $ 2 , 400 . This amounted to a six - month sentence , since he had already been in prison for six months at the time . At the time of the incident , President Richard Nixon was travelling in Florida , and First Lady Pat Nixon was in Indianapolis , Indiana , visiting their sick daughter , Julie . Motivation of perpetrator . Preston was a 20 - year - old private first class in the U . S . Army , stationed in Panama City , Florida . Although he was training to become a helicopter pilot , he abandoned the training due to " deficiency in the instrument phase " . Preston had enrolled in the JROTC program at Rutherford High School in Panama City , Florida and had longtime aspirations to a military career . After being taken into custody Preston indicated he was upset over not being allowed to continue training to be a helicopter pilot , and staged the incident to show his skill as a pilot . Influence . It has been suggested that news reports of Preston ' s actions inspired Samuel Byck to attempt to crash a passenger airplane into the White House on February 22 , 1974 . This implication has also been used as a plot device in the film dramatization of Byck ' s attempt , " The Assassination of Richard Nixon " . Engagement policy . In 2005 there were several incidents when unidentified planes flew into the Washington DC airspace . In comments on the 2005 incidents Timothy Noah of " National Public Radio " , reminded his audience of the 1974 Preston incident , when he suggested that Washington DC security officials had an unacknowledged policy to not fire on unidentified aircraft when doing so might lead to injuring bystanders on the ground . He pointed out that security officials had held their fire until Preston ' s helicopter was hovering low over the deserted South Lawn , where a crash would not have injured bystanders . " " But here ' s the nub : Neither the Maryland police nor the Secret Service fired on the helicopter at any time when its downing threatened the lives of any bystanders . " "
Ōshima Yoshimasa Biography . Ōshima was born as the eldest son to a samurai of Chōshū Domain ( present - day Yamaguchi Prefecture ) , and fought as a member of the Satchō Alliance forces in support of Emperor Meiji during the Boshin War against the Tokugawa shogunate . After the Meiji Restoration , he attended military school in Osaka in 1870 and was commissioned as a lieutenant in the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army in August 1871 . Assigned to the IJA 4th Infantry Regiment , he was promoted to captain the following year , and became battalion commander of the IJA 1st Infantry Regiment in 1873 . During the Satsuma Rebellion of 1877 , he was promoted to major . After the war , he served in a number of staff positions with the Sendai Garrison and became a colonel in 1886 . In 1887 he became chief of staff of the Tokyo Garrison and following the reorganization of the Imperial Japanese Army under the advice of Prussia n military advisor Jakob Meckel , he became chief of staff of the IJA 1st Division . In June 1891 , Ōshima was promoted to major general and was assigned command of the IJA 9th Infantry Brigade , which was also styled the “ Ōshima Combined Brigade ” . Dispatched to the Korean Peninsula in 1894 during the Donghak Rebellion , his 4 , 000 man force was tasked with expelling the Empire of China ' s Beiyang Army from Korean territory by force . On July 28 , 1894 , his forces defeated the Chinese at the Battle of Seonghwan outside of Asan , south of Seoul in the first land engagement of the First Sino - Japanese War . For his victory , Oshima was made a baron in the " kazoku " peerage system , and assigned to command of the Tsushima Garrison . In February 1898 he was promoted to lieutenant general . During the latter stages of the Russo - Japanese War , Ōshima served as Governor - General of Kwantung Leased Territory from October 1905 to April 1912 . In 1907 , Oshima was elevated in status to viscount . He served on the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff from September 1911 , and was awarded the first class Order of the Rising Sun in June 1912 . He retired from service in August 1915 , and died in 1926 .
Escuadrón Fénix The Phoenix Squadron ( ) was a special unit of the Argentine Air Force formed during the 1982 Falklands War ( Spanish : " Guerra de las Malvinas " ) History . The Argentine Air Force reconnaissance force at that time was formed around the " Grupo 1 Aerofotográfico " ( ) part of the 2nd Air Brigade equipped with two Learjet 35A s and based at Parana province of Entre Rios . In April 1982 , the unit was deployed to Comodoro Rivadavia and was reinforced with several civilian planes and their civilian pilots who volunteered to fly them . During the war , the Learjets performed 52 missions including search and reconnaissance flights , communications retransmission flights , and pathfinder flights to guide combat jets with the Learjets ’ superior navigation systems . The unit ' s most difficult missions were 126 sorties in which the Learjets acted as decoys , flying day and night to simulate strike aircraft preparing to attack the fleet . Many believe that most of the Argentine A - 4 Skyhawk s and Dagger s successes were achieved because the British Sea Harrier s had been drawn away from more important targets : On one of these flights , on June 7 , an Air Force Learjet was shot down over Pebble Island by a surface - to - air Sea Dart missile fired by HMS " Exeter " , killing the squadron commander , Vice Commodore Rodolfo De La Colina , and the other four members of the crew . De La Colina became the highest ranking Argentine officer to die in the War . Civilian helicopters were also added to the unit for use in the search and rescue role in the continent . Most notably , Sikorsky S - 61N LV - OCN and Sikorsky S - 58T LV - OCM . Casualties . Argentine Air Force Learjet 35 T - 24 crew :
No . 542 Squadron RAF No . 542 Squadron RAF was a Royal Air Force Squadron formed as a photographic reconnaissance squadron in World War II that reformed in the post war period . History . Formation in World War II . The squadron formed at RAF Benson on 19 October 1942 and was equipped with Spitfires to fly missions over Europe , until it disbanded on 27 August 1945 after hostilities ceased . Postwar . The squadron reformed at RAF Wyton on 15 May 1955 and operated Canberras before disbanding again on 1 October 1955 . It reformed the following month and was detached to Australia to conduct nuclear test surveys before it disbanded again upon renumbering on 1 October 1958 .
Sea Slice HSV " Sea Slice " is an experimental United States Navy vessel , built by Lockheed Martin . Based on a variant of the SWATH hull design , known as " SLICE , " " Sea Slice " is characterized by four teardrop - shaped submerged hulls — double the number seen on most previous designs . According to the US Navy , the design reduces waves and drag , which allows a SWATH vessel to " . . . operate at higher speeds while retaining their characteristic low motions in a seaway " . Designed for operation in the same area as , and mount similar armament to , a Littoral combat ship - type corvette , current weapon options include the Millennium Gun and the NetFires System , intended to launch Lockheed ' s ( now cancelled ) Loitering Attack Munition .
German submarine U - 86 ( 1941 ) German submarine " U - 86 " was a Type VIIB U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down at the Flender Werke in Lübeck on 20 January 1940 as " Werk " 282 . Launched on 10 May 1941 , she was commissioned on 8 July and completed training with the 5th U - boat Flotilla under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " ( " Kptlt . " ) Walter Schug . She was reassigned to the 1st flotilla , initially for further training on 1 September before being ready for operations from 1 December . She stayed with that organization until her loss on 29 November 1943 . " U - 86 " completed eight war patrols with the flotilla , sinking three ships , totalling . She also damaged a ship of 8 , 627 GRT . She was a member of ten wolfpack s . She was sunk in November 1943 by two British warships . Operational career . 1st patrol . " U - 86 " departed Kiel on 7 December 1941 for her first patrol . She docked at Brest on the French Atlantic coast on the 22nd where she would be based for the rest of her career . 2nd patrol . " U - 86 " s second patrol started on 27 December 1941 . She damaged the British " Toorak " on 16 January 1942 . On the 18th , she sank the Greek " Dimitios G . Thermiotis " . 3rd and 4th patrols . On her third foray , she left Brest on 25 March 1942 . It was relatively uneventful . She returned on 26 May . Sortie number four began on 2 July 1942 . On 6 August , she sank an American sailing ship , the " Wawaloam " with her deck gun . 5th , 6th and 7th patrols . This ( fifth ) outing was also quiet , starting on 31 October 1942 and finishing on 7 January 1943 . Having left Brest on 24 February 1943 , she encountered and sank her final victim , the Norwegian " Brant County " on 11 March . " U - 86 " s seventh patrol was between 8 July and 11 September 1943 . 8th patrol and loss . The boat departed Brest for the last time on 11 November 1943 . She was sunk east of the Azores on the 29th by depth charge s from the British destroyers and . 50 men died ; there were no survivors . Previously recorded fate . " U - 86 " was listed as missing in the North Atlantic from 28 November 1943 . < br > The boat was claimed sunk by aircraft from the on 29 November 1943 . This attack was subsequently attributed to which escaped undamaged . Summary of raiding career . * Sailing ship
Battle of Méribel The Battle of Méribel took place at Méribel , above Sallanches , Haute - Savoie , France , on 13 September 1793 , when the forces of the Duchy of Savoy were defeated by the French Army . In 1792 , Revolutionary French forces had marched into Savoy to " bring freedom " to its people as part of the French Revolution . A decree annexing it to France was signed on 27 November of the same year , and it became the 85th " département " of France , renamed as the Mont Blanc " département " . Following the execution of King Louis XVI , the French Revolution became widely despised and feared elsewhere in Europe . In 1793 , the French Republic raised an army of 300 , 000 men , while only few Savoyards signed up for service . A much larger force of Savoyards , conducted by the Royalist camp attacked the French Army , and reconquered the Alpine valleys and Annecy . However , they were not enough to remove the French presence from Savoy and the territory was retaken .
Franz Ziereis Franz Xaver Ziereis ( August 13 , 1905 - May 24 , 1945 ) was the commandant of the Mauthausen - Gusen concentration camp from 1939 until the camp was captured by the Allied powers in 1945 . Early life . Ziereis was born on August 13 , 1905 in Munich , Germany . Ziereis spent 8 years in elementary school and then began as an apprentice and messenger boy in a department store . In the evenings he studied commerce . In 1922 he went to work as a labourer in a carpentry shop . Military career . Ziereis joined Germany ' s Reichswehr ( army ) on April 1 , 1924 , for a period of 12 years . He was discharged with the rank of sergeant in 1936 and joined the SS on September 30 of the same year . He attained the rank of SS - Obersturmführer and was assigned as a training instructor to the SS - Totenkopfverbände . In 1937 he was given command of the 22nd Hundertschaft ( hundred - man - unit ) of SS - Totenkopf - Standarte 2 " Brandenburg " . On July 1 , 1938 , he was transferred to the SS - Totenkopf - Standarte 3 " Thüringen " as a training instructor . Concentration camp commandant . Zeireis replaced Albert Saur as commandant of Mauthausen on February 9 , 1939 by order of Theodor Eicke , Inspector of Concentration Camps . On August 25 , 1939 , Ziereis received a promotion to the rank of SS - Sturmbannführer and , on April 20 , 1944 he received his final promotion to SS - Standartenführer . Post - war flight and death . Ziereis fled with his wife on May 3 , 1945 . He attempted to hide out in his hunting lodge on the Phyrn mountain in Upper Austria . He was discovered and arrested on May 23 , 1945 , by an American army unit . He was shot while trying to escape and brought to a U . S . military hospital set up in Gusen I where he eventually died . His corpse was later hung on the fence of Gusen I by former prisoners of Gusen .
M108 howitzer The M108 Howitzer is an American self - propelled 105 mm howitzer , first introduced in the early 1960s . The M108 was powered by a Detroit diesel turbocharged 8V - 71T 8 - cylinders 405 hp engine . It used the same hull and turret as the 155 mm M109 self - propelled howitzer , and components of the M113 armored vehicle . The M108 was phased out soon after the American intervention in the Vietnam War , as the M109 ' s 155 mm calibre was considered better fitted for the modern war . The M108 was used in several NATO countries . Comparable Weapons . FV433 Abbot SPG - British 105mm SPG
USS Doris B . III ( SP - 733 ) USS " Doris B . III " ( SP - 733 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Doris B . III " was built as a private motorboat of the same name by Britt Brothers at Lynn , Massachusetts , in 1912 . In June 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner , J . R . Jewett of Cambridge , Massachusetts , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Doris B . III " ( SP - 733 ) on 25 June 1917 with Boatswain ' s Mate F . B . Laight in command . Assigned to the 2nd Naval District in southern New England , " Doris B . III " performed patrol duty for the rest of World War I . " Doris B . III " was decommissioned after the end of the war and returned to Jewett on 3 December 1918 .
Haradin Bala Haradin Bala ( born 10 June 1957 , in Glogovac , Yugoslavia ) , also known as " “ Shala ” " , is Kosovo - Albanian and former commander of the Albanian militant organization UÇK . Bala found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity against Serbs and Albanians by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia . His trial ended on 30 November 2005 and he was sentenced to 13 years imprisonment . He was especially convicted of crimes at the Lapušnik prison camp between May and July 1998 and executing orders to kill a certain number of Serbian civilians in the Beriša Mountains on 25 July 1998 . The killings took place after the fall of Lapušnik as a result of the Serbian Army advances in Kosovo . Notes and references . Notes : References :
USS Hobcaw ( SP - 252 ) USS " Hobcaw " ( SP - 252 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel , towing boat , and ferryboat in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Hobcaw " was built as a civilian motorboat of the same name in 1907 by L . B . Newman at Long Branch , New Jersey . The U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , B . M . Baruche of New York City , on 27 August 1917 for World War I service as a patrol vessel . She was commissioned as USS " Hobcaw " ( SP - 252 ) on 10 September 1917 at Georgetown , South Carolina , with Ensign B . T . Daggett in command . Assigned to the 6th Naval District and based at Charleston , South Carolina , for section patrol duties , " Hobcaw " performed harbor patrol in Winyah Bay on the South Carolina coast until transferred to Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island at Parris Island , South Carolina . Arriving there on 1 August 1918 , " Hobcaw " acted as a towing boat and carried passengers until entering the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston for repairs on 19 September 1918 . On week after the end of World War I , " Hobcaw " was returned to Baruche on 18 November 1918 .
Canterbury , and Nelson - Marlborough and West Coast Regiment The Canterbury , and Nelson - Marlborough and West Coast Regiment is a Territorial Force ( Army Reserve ) unit of the New Zealand Army . It was formed in 1964 during the reorganisation of the army by the amalgamation of two separate regiments : " In turn , those two regiments had originally been formed from the 1st ( Canterbury ) & 2nd ( South Canterbury ) and the 12th ( Nelson and Marlborough ) & 13th ( North Canterbury and Westland ) Regiments which had been initially raised in the early 1900s , following the formation of gazetted militia units in 1859 . " The 1964 amalgamation saw the new Territorial Force battalion become the Second Battalion of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment . This was until the later reorganisation of 1999 , which saw the Territorial Force battalions split from the RNZIR to become multi - function battalion groups . The 2nd Battalion ( Canterbury , and Nelson - Marlborough and West Coast ) RNZIR became the 2nd Canterbury ( Nelson , Marlborough , West Coast ) Battalion Group , with the following sub - unit types : In December 2012 2nd Canterbury ( Nelson , Marlborough , West Coast ) Battalion Group merged with 4th Otago and SOuthland Battalion Group to form 2 / 4 Battalion . External links . First World War , 1914 – 1919 ; Second World War , 1939 – 1945 ; Other