naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Cabrita Point The Battle of Cabrita Point , sometimes referred to as the Battle of Marbella , was a naval battle that took place while a combined Spanish - French force besieged Gibraltar on 10 March 1705 ( 21 March 1705 in the New Calendar ) during the War of Spanish Succession . The battle was an allied victory ( English , Dutch and Portuguese ) which effectively ended the Franco - Spanish siege of Gibraltar . Prelude . The allies had conquered Gibraltar on behalf of the Archduke Charles of Habsburg on 1 August 1704 . The Spanish besieged the city by land , and in that year , the French had made a first failed attempt to attack from the sea in the Battle of Vélez - Málaga . In January 1705 Philip V of Spain was determined to reconquer the city and had Villadarias replaced by Marshal de Tessé . Tessé realized that Gibraltar would never be retaken as long as the allies could access it from the sea . He therefore ordered Admiral Pointis to block up the place by sea with his squadron of 18 ships of the line . Some of these ships were Spanish under José Fernández de Santillán . Gibraltar was not a permanent harbour yet for the English fleet , which was anchored in Lisbon at the time . The commander of Gibraltar , Prince George of Hesse - Darmstadt , despatched an express to Lisbon , desiring Sir John Leake to sail to his assistance . This admiral set sail immediately with five sail of the line and a body of troops . By the morning of 10 March , he had a squadron of 23 English , eight Portuguese ships of various sizes , and four Dutch . The battle . Leake ' s fleet reached the Strait late on the 9th , and laid to during the night . The next morning at about 5 . 30 a . m . , they were within two miles of Cabrita Point , when they saw five sail coming out of the Bay . These proved to be the French ships " Magnanime " ( 74 ) , " Lys " ( 86 ) , " Ardent " ( 66 ) , " Arrogant " ( 60 ) , and " Marquis " ( 66 ) . They made at first towards the Barbary Coast , but , finding that they were being gained upon , stood for the Spanish coast . At 9 a . m . Sir Thomas Dilkes in , with the , and a Dutch man - of - war , got within gunshot of the " Arrogant " , which , after a slight resistance , struck . Before 1 p . m . the " Ardent " and " Marquis " were taken by two Dutch ships , and the " Magnanime " and " Lys " were driven ashore to the westward of Marbella . The " Magnanime " , in which De Pointis had his flag , ran ashore with so much force that all her masts went by the board . She and the " Lys " were subsequently burnt by the French . The remaining part of the French squadron had been blown from their anchorage by a gale , and taken shelter in the bay of Málaga ; but now they slipped their cables and made the best of their way to Toulon . Aftermath . The Marshal de Tessé , in consequence of this disaster , turned the siege of Gibraltar into a blockade , and withdrew the greater part of his forces on 31 March . Pointis retired from active service after this battle . Leake had not only scored a remarkable victory , but had saved Gibraltar from attack and had enhanced his already high reputation .
Spanish cruiser Aragon Aragon was an " Aragon " - class unprotected cruiser of the Spanish Navy in the late 19th century . Technical Characteristics . " Aragon " was built at the naval shipyard at Cartagena , Spain . Her construction as an armored corvette with a central battery ironclad design began on 2 May 1869 , with plans to give her 890 tons of armor and 500 mm ( 19 . 7 inches ) of armor at the waterline . Political events delayed her construction . In 1870 , her design was changed to that of an unprotected cruiser or wooden corvette , and she finally was launched in this form on 31 July 1879 and completed in 1880 . Her original conception as an armored ship and the change to an unarmored one during construction left her with an overly heavy wooden hull that was obsolescent by the time of her launch . Designed for colonial service , she had two funnels and was rigged as a barque . Her machinery was manufactured by the John Penn Company of Greenwich , United Kingdom . The original main battery of Armstrong - built 8 - inch ( 203 - mm ) guns was obsolescent when she was completed , and were quickly replaced with more modern Hontoria - built 6 . 4 - inch ( 163 - mm ) guns ( a heavier main battery than that carried by her two sisters " Castilla " and " Navarra " ) , at least four of which were mounted in sponsons . Operational history . In the 1890s , " Aragon " was assigned to the Cadiz Naval Group . She went out of service in the mid - 1890s , became a floating hulk in 1896 . Sources differ on her ultimate fate ; either she was sold for scrap in 1900 or sticken ca . 1905
Greater Manchester Army Cadet Force The Greater Manchester Army Cadet Force ( GMACF ) is the county cadet force for Greater Manchester which forms part of the wider Army Cadet Force , a youth organisation in the United Kingdom that offers learning and experiences around a military training theme . It is home to between 1400 - 1750 cadets and 200 - 230 adult volunteers in 45 - 47 detachments . GMACF headquarters is at Hawkshaw in Bury , and piping and parade nights are held at Hulme in Manchester . The Honorary Colonel of the GMACF is the Lord Lieutenant of Greater Manchester , Warren James Smith . GMACF helps 12 - 18 year olds from Greater Manchester to " learn new skills , get real qualifications , make friends and enjoy adventures " . It provides pre - training and experience of life in the British Army , with opportunies to achieve and develop skills away from home . Cadet Detachments perform training on a weekly basis throughout the year , plus occasional weekends away , and a two week annual camp . This training typically includes military skills , like shooting , fieldcraft , first aid and navigation , together with fitness training like climbing , canoeing and mountain biking . The Greater Manchester Army Cadets form part of the 4 , 000 young cadets from Greater Manchester , which also includes the Combined Cadet Force , the Air Training Corps and the Sea Cadet Corps . The GMACF is involved with the Poppy Appeal in Greater Manchester . Detachments . Greater Manchester Army Cadet Force has detachments in the following locations : < onlyinclude > < / onlyinclude > Manchester academy ACF
Warriors of the Boer Nation The Warriors of the Boer Nation ( ) is a suspected but unsubstantiated South African terrorist group with radical nationalist aims which , based on unauthenticated letters sent to pro government Afrikaans newspapers in 2002 , purportedly claimed responsibility for a series of bombings which started in the black township of Soweto , South Africa and later spread to other areas of the country . They were later linked by police to another unsubstantiated group called the Boeremag ( " ' Boer Force ' or ' Farmers ' Force ' in Afrikaans " ) . The released message credited to this group included the words " We declare that these attacks are the beginning of the end for the African National Congress ( ANC ) government and accept full responsibility for it . " This group has also been reported in the media as the National Warriors as well as the Boer Nation Warriors .
SM UC - 8 SM " UC - 8 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 6 July 1915 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 5 July 1915 as SM " UC - 8 " . Mines laid by " UC - 8 " in her one patrol are not known to have sunk any ships . " UC - 8 " ran aground on the Dutch coast near Terschelling on 4 November 1915 . Interned by the Dutch , " UC - 8 " was purchased and commissioned into the Dutch Navy as M - 1 " . The submarine was broken up in 1932 .
HMS Tulip ( K29 ) HMS " Tulip " was a that served in the Royal Navy . She launched at Smiths Dock Company on 4 September 1940 and was commissioned into the Royal Navy on 18 November 1940 . Civilian service . She was sold in 1947 and rebuilt as the whaling ship " Olympic Conqueror " in 1950 . She was seized in 1954 by Peruvian warships and was sold to Japan in 1956 as the " Otori Maru No . 8 " . In 1957 she was sold to Thor Dahl AS and renamed " Thorlyn " . In 1962 she was laid up in Sandefjord and then sold in 1964 at Gothenburg , Sweden . She was scrapped in Germany in 1965 .
Nimrod Lindsay Norton Nimrod Lindsay Norton ( April 18 , 1830 – September 28 , 1903 ) was a Confederate politician who served in the Confederate States Congress during the American Civil War . Biography . Norton was born in Nicholas County , Kentucky , and later moved to Missouri . During the Civil War , he was a colonel in the Confederate Army . He represented the state in the Second Confederate Congress from 1864 to 1865 .
Sveaborg Rebellion The Sveaborg Rebellion was a rebellion which started June 30 , 1906 on the sea fortress Sveaborg ( renamed " Suomenlinna " in Finnish in 1918 ) as part of the Russian Revolution of 1905 – 1907 . The rebellion began when Sveaborg ' s Russia n soldiers started a mutiny against the bad treatment of soldiers and against officers . The rebellion was also a protest against the loss at the Russo - Japanese War . The rebels believed that by rebelling , they would get support from other rebellions , but they didn ' t and the rebellion ended in 60 hours . Start of the rebellion . The rebels ' first target was to attack Kronstadt , and from there to attack Saint Petersburg and to depose the tsar . The next day , rebels captured Katajanokka in Helsinki . The Finnish Red Guards leader Johan Kock declared a general strike which supported the rebels . Ships of the Russian Baltic Fleet attacked Sveaborg on August 1 . The next day , the rebels surrendered without reservation . Among them were 100 Finnish Red Guards . During the rebellion a bloody riot started in Hakaniemi , where Russian sailors and the Finnish White movement struck against each other . Dozens of people died . Among the Russian prisoners were also Red Guards . The Red Guards leader Johan Kock fled the country among help with other activists to Sweden and from there to England and later he moved to the United States .
109th Regiment of Foot ( Bombay Infantry ) The 109th Regiment of Foot ( Bombay Infantry ) was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1862 to 1881 , when it was amalgamated into The Prince of Wales ' s Leinster Regiment ( Royal Canadians ) . The regiment was originally raised by the Honourable East India Company in 1853 as the 3rd Bombay ( European ) Regiment , and served in the Indian Mutiny of 1857 . As with all other " European " units of the Company , they were placed under the command of the Crown in 1858 , and formally moved into the British Army in 1862 , ranked as the 109th Foot . As part of the Childers Reforms in 1881 , the regiment was amalgamated with the 100th ( Prince of Wales ' s Royal Canadian ) Regiment of Foot to form The Prince of Wales ' s Leinster Regiment ( Royal Canadians ) .
D - Day ( military term ) In the military , D - Day is the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated . The best known D - Day is June 6 , 1944 — the day of the Normandy landings — initiating the Western Allied effort to liberate mainland Europe from Nazi occupation during World War II . However , many other invasions and operations had a designated D - Day , both before and after that operation . The terms D - Day and H - Hour are used for the day and hour on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated . They designate the day and hour of the operation when the day and hour have not yet been determined , or where secrecy is essential . For a given operation , the same D - Day and H - Hour apply for all units participating in it . When used in combination with numbers , and plus or minus signs , these terms indicate the point of time preceding or following a specific action . Thus , H−3 means 3 hours before H - Hour , and D + 3 means 3 days after D - Day . ( By extension , H + 75 minutes is used for H - Hour plus 1 hour and 15 minutes . ) Planning papers for large - scale operations are made up in detail long before specific dates are set . Thus , orders are issued for the various steps to be carried out on the D - Day or H - Hour minus or plus a certain number of days , hours , or minutes . At the appropriate time , a subsequent order is issued that states the actual day and times . Other days such as A - Day ( Battle of Leyte ) , L - Day ( Battle of Okinawa ) etc . have different meanings for the military . Other languages have terms equivalent to D - Day such as " Hari H " ( Indonesian ) , " Час Ч " ( Russian ) , " Dagen D " ( Swedish ) , ' ( Slovenian ) , ' ( Basque ) , ' ( French ) , ' ( Irish ) , " Tag X " ( German ) , and " " ( Romanian ) . The initial " D " in D - Day has been given various meanings in the past , while more recently it has obtained the connotation of " Day " itself , thereby creating the phrase " Day - Day " , or " Day of Days " . History . The earliest use of these terms by the U . S . Army that the United States Army Center of Military History has been able to find was during World War I . In Field Order Number 9 , First Army , American Expeditionary Force s , dated 7 September 1918 : " The First Army will attack at H hour on D day with the object of forcing the evacuation of the St . Mihiel Salient . " D - Day for the invasion of Normandy by the Allies was originally set for June 5 , 1944 , but bad weather and heavy seas caused Gen . Dwight D Eisenhower to delay until June 6 and " that " date has been popularly referred to ever since by the short title " D - Day " . Because of the connotation with the invasion of Normandy , planners of later military operations sometimes avoided the term to prevent confusion . For example , Douglas MacArthur ' s invasion of Leyte began on " A - Day " , and the invasion of Okinawa began on " L - Day " . The Allies ' proposed invasions of Japan would have begun on " X - Day " ( on Kyūshū , scheduled for November 1945 ) and " Y - Day " ( on Honshū , scheduled for March 1946 ) .
Rentschler Heliport Rentschler Heliport is a private heliport for the exclusive use of United Technologies Corporation , located 2 miles southeast of East Hartford , Connecticut . From 1933 to about 1997 , Rentschler Field was an airfield used by the United States Army Air Forces during World War II as a fighter base . History . This former airfield was located only a few miles northeast of still - operational Hartford Brainard Airport . It was the former factory airfield for the Pratt & Whitney aircraft engine company . The airfield , which began operations in 1931 , was named after Frederick Brant Rentschler , who founded the aircraft arm of Pratt & Whitney and later founded its current parent company , United Technologies . The earliest reference to the field which has been located was in the Airport Directory Company ' s 1933 Airports Directory , describing Rentschler Field as consisting of a 2 , 700 ' x 2 , 500 ' turf landing area and the operator was American Airways , which provided scheduled transport along the New York - Boston route . During World War II , Rentschler Field was used by the Army Air Force to provide fighter coverage for the area . In 1999 , it was decommissioned as an airport and donated to the state of Connecticut by United Technologies in 1999 . A portion of the former airport was redeveloped as Rentschler Field , the University of Connecticut ' s new football stadium , which opened in 2003 . As of 2006 , the only remaining aviation use on the site was the Rentschler Heliport , a private facility operated by Pratt & Whitney .
Artur von Casimir Artur von Casimir ( 4 September 1908 - 15 December 2005 ) was a German " Oberst " and former bomber pilot who flew for the " Luftwaffe " during World War II . Since 2004 he has received a great deal of publicity in Norway . One of the Heinkel He 111 he flew was recovered from Jonsvatnet lake near Trondheim in 2004 , where it had been submerged since falling through the ice during the spring thaw in April 1940 . He commanded " Kampfgruppe " 100 during the German invasion of Norway , and led the air raids on Namsos on 20 April 1940 ( See Namsos Campaign ) . He assumed the position of " Gruppenkommandeur " over " KGr . 100 " on 16 February 1940 . Von Casimir was shot down by two Hawker Hurricane fighters from the British No . 46 Squadron RAF during an attack on Skånland in Troms on 29 May 1940 . He made an emergency landing at Ulsvåg in Nordland and was captured . Von Casimir was first held as a prisoner of war by the Norwegians , before being transferred to British custody .
John Robert Brown ( Virginia politician ) John Robert Brown ( January 14 , 1842 – August 4 , 1927 ) was a United States Representative from Virginia . Biography . Born near Snow Creek , Virginia , he attended private schools in Franklin and Henry Counties and entered the Confederate Army in 1861 as a private in Company D , Twenty - fourth Regiment of Virginia Volunteers . In 1870 he formed a partnership with his father in the tobacco business at Shady Grove ; he moved to Martinsville , Virginia in 1882 and continued in the tobacco business . He also engaged in banking and was mayor of Martinsville from 1884 to 1888 . Brown was elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress , serving from March 4 , 1887 to March 3 , 1889 , winning 57 . 06 % of the vote , defeating Democrat George Craighead Cabell , Jr . ; he unsuccessfully contested the election of Claude A . Swanson to the Fifty - fifth Congress . He reengaged in the tobacco business and retired from active business pursuits ; Brown died in Martinsville , with interment in Oakwood Cemetery .
Depienne Airfield Depienne Airfield is a World War II airfield in Tunisia , located approximately 12 km northeast of El Fahs , and 53 km southwest of Tunis . The airfield was first used by the German Luftwaffe in 1941 and 1942 , and was captured by the British Army by a parachute attack on 3 December 1942 . It was later used by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bomber airfield during the North African Campaign . In aerial imagery , the airfield looks almost like it did in 1943 and is probably the most well - preserved wartime bomber field in Tunisia . The runway , although deteriorated , along with all of the taxiways and aircraft hardstands are very much in evidence . It is unclear what the current use of the facility is .
Wolfgang Kaden " Korvettenkapitän " ( naval corvette captain or lieutenant - commander ) " of the Reserves " Wolfgang Kaden ( 5 December 1899 – 9 July 1942 ) was a Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross recipient during World War II . He is credited with the sinking of at least three submarines including the British submarine HMS " H49 " on 18 October 1940 off of Texel and the Soviet submarine " K - 23 " commanded by Magomet Gadzhiyev on 12 May 1942 off of Nordkyn . He was killed in action on 9 July 1942 near Hammerfest when his submarine chaser " U - Jäger 1110 " ran into a naval mine .
Pansio - class minelayer The Pansio class minelayers is a three - strong class of mine warfare vessels used by the Finnish Navy , built between 1991 and 1992 . The vessels can also be used for transport or to supply the naval forts . The vessels can carry a 100 - ton load . The ships are referred to as " mine ferries " in the Finnish Navy .
Borisoglebsk ( air base ) " For the airport in Kazan see Kazan Borisoglebskoye . " Borisoglebsk ( also Borisoglebsk East ) is an air base in Voronezh Oblast , Russia located 6 km east of Borisoglebsk . It is a small military airfield . In October 1990 the 1080th Red Banner Aviation Centre for Retraining of Personnel named for V . P . Chkalov ( 1080 UATsPLS ) was activated at Borisoglebsk . It was an amalgamation of the 796th Center for Preparation of Officers for Fighter and Fighter - Bomber Aviation , and the Borisoglebsk Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots . The Centre was subordinated to the Air Forces of the Moscow Military District . The 1080 UATsPLS had the following components in 1990 : Holm ' s information reports that the 1080 UATsPLS was disbanded in 1997 and the awards ( presumably the Order of the Red Banner and the title ' in the name of V . P . Chkalov ' ) were transferred to the 4th Center for Combat Employment and Retraining of Crews VVS at Lipetsk . His information also suggests that the remnants remained as the Borisoglebsk Aviation Garrison , which was disbanded in 2000 . However , Google Earth high - resolution satellite imagery accessed in 2006 showed numerous Aero L - 39 ' Albatross ' trainer aircraft , Su - 25 ' Frogfoot ' and two Su - 24 ' Fencer ' aircraft .
AMZ Tur Tur ( Tur 1 ) ( ) is a light armoured patrol car ( light infantry mobility vehicle ) , designed by the Polish factory AMZ - Kutno in 2007 . The Tur was designed for intervention and patrol tasks behind front lines , especially equipped for operations in danger areas and has 5 person transport capacity . The vehicle was developed especially for the Polish military contingents in Iraq and Afghanistan in response to requests of the soldiers stationed there . Its design and armour allows it to withstand an explosion equal to of TNT . It may be fitted with a remote turret . Mechanical part comes mostly from IVECO ( engine , transmission , suspension ) . It is designed as a safer and more modern alternative to the Humvee operated by the Polish Army . Despite needs of military contingents , as for 2009 no orders were made , and a contest for a light armoured patrol car ( LOSP in Polish ) was not settled ( its main counterpart is Iveco LMV ) . As of 2008 , five prototypes were made , two of them were destroyed in tests . The last , fifth one has modified look of a forward part , and minor improvements . In 2008 AMZ - Kutno developed new , bigger variant Tur 2 , being a different car in fact .
Mark 20 torpedo The Mark 20 torpedo was a US torpedo designed in 1943 but never used in service . Design was by Naval Torpedo Station Newport , the Electric Storage Battery Company and General Electric . This project was a continuation of the development of a submarine - launched , anti - surface ship torpedo originally designated Mark 2 in 1941 which was the second attempt to develop a torpedo of this type . The earlier effort , designated Mark 1 , in post - World War I years ( 1919 - 1931 ) , was terminated after the torpedo produced proved unsatisfactory in speed and range . The Mark 20 never progressed beyond the development stage due to the success of the Mark 18 torpedo , however , 20 units were produced by General Electric for testing purposes .
Koshka Yavr Koshka Yavr is a military air base in Murmansk Oblast , Russia located 25 km southeast of Zapolyarnyj and 83 km west of Murmansk . It appears to have been constructed as a dispersion airfield for Soviet strike aircraft in the event of military action on the Kola Peninsula .
453d Electronic Warfare Squadron The 453d Electronic Warfare Squadron ( 453 EWS ) is a United States Air Force unit . It is a geographically separated Unit ( GSU ) assigned to the 53d Wing and is stationed at Lackland Air Force Base , Texas . Overview . The 453d EWS provides a full spectrum of EW support to DoD and coalition warfighters . The 453 EWS provides EW support through four flights , operating together to create a foundation of EW knowledge , maintain and update such knowledge , provide in - depth radio frequency and other electronic warfare analyses and create a realistic training environment for the warfighter . The 453 EWS products and services are utilized in a variety of areas , including mission planning , training , and exercises .