naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Samuel Spiro Miguel Samuel Spiro was a naval commander of the Argentine navy born in Hydra Island , Greece . He emigrated to Buenos Aires with his two brothers in 1810 , and was an early supporter of the May Revolution that year . He had been a Navy Captain in Greece , and took part in organizing the fledgling naval forces of the United Provinces of South America . Spiro was one of the main Argentine navy commanders in the United Provinces ' victory at Martin Garcia . He died on 28 March 1814 during a naval battle on the Uruguay river , near Concepción del Uruguay ( Action of Arroyo de la China ) , when he decided to scuttle his ship rather than surrender to the royalists . The Argentine navy has named two ships in his honor , the most recent being the corvette ARA Spiro ( P - 43 ) , commissioned in 1988 .
Joseph Stika Joseph Edward Stika was a Vice Admiral in the United States Coast Guard . He graduated from the United States Coast Guard Academy in 1911 and held various commands until he retired in 1951 , including the USCGC Bibb ( WPG - 31 ) . In 1934 , while commanding the USS Seneca , he received a commendation from the government of Sweden for his service during a rescue mission involving the Swedish vessel " af Chapman " . Stika received the Navy Cross for his actions during the T . A . Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant explosion . His award citation reads : Stika was born on September 21 , 1889 , in Milwaukee , Wisconsin . His official residence was listed as Kewaunee , Wisconsin . Stika died on July 15 , 1976 , in Norfolk , Virginia .
Everett F . Larson Everett F . Larson ( 1920 – 1942 ) was a United States Marine who received the Silver Star for his actions during World War II . Biography . Everett Frederick Larson was born on September 3 , 1920 in Stamford , Connecticut . He enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve on January 13 , 1942 . Serving in the Guadalcanal Campaign during World War II , Private First Class Larson was killed in action on Guadalcanal on October 8 , 1942 , while attempting to swim the Matanikau River under heavy Japan ese fire to rescue a wounded comrade ( see Actions along the Matanikau ) . Awards . Larson was posthumously awarded the Silver Star for his selfless courage , and shared in the Presidential Unit Citation awarded the 1st Marine Division for its actions on Guadalcanal . Namesakes . In 1943 , the destroyer escort USS " Everett F . Larson " ( DE - 554 ) was named for Private First Class Larson . Her construction was cancelled in 1944 . In 1945 , the destroyer USS " Everett F . Larson " ( DD - 830 ) , in commission from 1945 to 1972 , was named in his honor .
Italian Americans in the Civil War Italian Americans in the Civil War are the people of Italian descent , living in the United States , who served and fought in the American Civil War on both the Union and Confederate sides . Most of the Italians who joined the Union Army were recruited from New York City . The Garibaldi Guard was the name of the 39th New York Infantry . Between 5 , 000 and 10 , 000 Italians fought in the Civil War for both the Union and the Confederacy . Four were Union generals , including General Luigi Palma di Cesnola , who was wounded , and who received the Medal of Honor and was later the first director of New York ' s Metropolitan Museum of Art . Generals . Italians of note who were interested in the war , and joined , and who had positions of authority , were Francesco Casale , who led the formation of an Italian Legion , and later was also involved in the forming of the Italian Garibaldi Guard ; Luigi Tinelli , an international politician and industrialist , had experience as a militia commander ; Francesco Spinola recruited four regiments in New York , and was soon appointed by President Abraham Lincoln to be their general . Also , Enrico Fardella and Eduardo Ferrero , of the 51st New York Regiment , were generals in the Civil War . General Ferrero of the 51st New York Regiment , was among the first Union officers to command black troops . Colonel Luigi Palma di Cesnola ( July 29 , 1832 – November 20 , 1904 ) , an Italian - American soldier and amateur archaeologist , commander of the 4th NY Cavalry , was born in Rivarolo Canavese , near Turin . He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the American Civil War . It was awarded in 1897 . A veteran of the Crimean War , di Cesnola established a military academy in New York City , where many young Italians were trained and later served in the Union army . Giuseppe Garibaldi . At the outbreak of the American Civil War ( in 1861 ) , Giuseppe Garibaldi volunteered his services to President Abraham Lincoln . Garibaldi was offered a Major General ' s commission in the U . S . Army through the letter from Secretary of State William H . Seward to H . S . Sanford , the U . S . Minister at Brussels , July 17 , 1861 . On September 18 , 1861 , Sanford sent the following reply to Seward : According to Italian historian Petacco , " Garibaldi was ready to accept Lincoln ' s 1862 offer but on one condition : that the war ' s objective be declared as the abolition of slavery . But at that stage Lincoln was unwilling to make such a statement lest he worsen an agricultural crisis . " Although the aging Garibaldi respectfully declined Lincoln ' s offer , Washington D . C . recruited many of Garibaldi ' s former officers . On August 6 , 1863 , after the Emancipation Proclamation had been issued , Garibaldi wrote to Lincoln : " Posterity will call you the great emancipator , a more enviable title than any crown could be , and greater than any merely mundane treasure . "
Rigid buoyant boat The rigid buoyant boat ( RBB ) is a light - weight but high performance and high capacity boat . Based on the concept of a Rigid - hulled inflatable boat ( RHIB ) , it has a tube / sponson manufactured from a solid material such as moulded polyethylene or aluminium and therefore being much more robust than the fabrics commonly used . Boats with foam filled collars such as the " secure all - around flotation equipped " ( SAFE ) boats employed by the US Coast Guard can also be classified as Rigid Buoyant Boats rather than " true " RHIBs as the collar is solid foam rather than inflated . The handling tends to be very similar to a RHIB ; likewise they will remain afloat ( buoyant ) even if completely flooded . Aluminium RBBs tend to be bespoke ( custom - made to specification ) or low - volume products whilst the tooling cost of rotomold ed polyethylene boats tends to require these to be higher volume products . At least three manufacturers are producing rotomolded boats of this type . One supplier has demonstrated the robustness of the boats by dropping one from a crane onto a concrete car park . The U . S . Navy ’ s small unit riverine craft and the Coast Guard ’ s Defender class boat s are examples of RBBs .
LAROM The LAROM is a Romania n modern , highly mobile , native - made multiple rocket launcher , attached to a DAC - 25 . 360 6x6 truck , in service with the Romanian Land Forces , built in collaboration with Israel . Currently , there are 24 systems in service , all operated by the 8th Mixed Artillery Brigade . Most likely it was influenced by the BM - 21 " Grad " 122 mm multiple rocket launcher ( MRL ) system which entered service with the Soviet Army in 1963 also utilizing a six - by - six truck chassis fitted with a bank of 40 launch tubes arranged in a rectangular shape that can be turned away from the unprotected cabin . Armament . The " LAROM " standard launch pod containers hold 13 LAR Mk IV rockets or 20 GRAD rockets , with two pods on a launcher . The LAROM can operate with the standard 122mm rockets , as well as with the more advanced 160mm rocket , with a strike range between 20 to 45 km . The GRAD 122mm rocket is utilised to suppress and annihilate concentrated targets . It has a 18 kg HE warhead , a range of approximately 20 km and can be fired in salvos of up to 2 rounds per second . The LAR Mk IV 160mm rockets employ composite solid propellants . The rocket is spin - stabilizing in flight via wraparound stabilizing fins deployed upon rocket exiting launcher . The Mk IV rocket is capable of taking various warheads and commonly fitted with either a HE - COFRAM type or a cluster warhead . The cluster warhead operates by a remotely - set electronic time - fuse which opens the bomblet canister at the calculated height to give area coverage of about 31 , 400 m2 for each cluster warhead . The LAR Mk IV has a minimum range of 10 km and maximum range of 45 km and can be fired in salvos of up to 1 round every 1 . 8 seconds .
Imperieuse - class cruiser The " Imperieuse " class cruiser was a class of two armoured cruiser s launched between 1883 and 1884 for the Royal Navy . History . In an 1886 magazine article , Sir Edward Reed complained that these ships did not deserve to be called " armoured " , as they were not armoured at bow or stern , only along the middle 140 feet ( 43 m ) of each side . This armor belt was additionally only 8 feet wide , and as designed would have extended 3 feet 3 inches above the waterline . As completed , the two ships were overweight , with the result that the belt was completely submerged , leaving them armoured in name only . The layout of the main armament was unusual for the time , having one gun each forward and aft , and another gun mounted on either beam – in a lozenge arrangement similar to that employed by the French . The original secondary battery comprised 10 six - inch ( 152mm ) guns , but the overweight condition of these ships forced the elimination of four of these weapons . Intended for prolonged deployments on distant foreign stations , the ships were sheathed with wood and copper to prevent marine growth on the hull , and were originally fitted with a brig sailing rig to economize on coal . After trials showed them to be sluggish under sail , the masts and yards were removed and replaced by a single pole mast between the funnels . This reduction in rig and the weight saved thereby allowed the reinstallation of two six - inch ( 152mm ) guns , for a total of eight . Building Programme . The following table gives the build details and purchase cost of the members of the " Imperieuse " class . Standard British practice at that time was for these costs to exclude armament and stores . In the table :
Wire - guided missile A wire - guided missile is a missile that is guided by signals sent to it via thin wires connected between the missile and its guidance mechanism , which is located somewhere near the launch site . As the missile flies , the wires are reeled out behind it . This guidance system is most commonly used in anti - tank missiles , where its ability to be used in areas of limited line - of - sight make it useful , while the range limit imposed by the length of the wire is not a serious concern . The longest range wire - guided missiles in current use are limited to about 4 kilometres ( 2 . 5 mi ) . The Tube - launched , Optically tracked , Wire - guided Missile System ( TOW ) has a range of 3 , 750 metres ( 2 . 33 mi ) . History . Electrical wire guidance was first employed by the Germans during World War II . Most German guided missile projects used radio control , but as the British proved to be able to jam anything they used , rushed projects were started in 1944 in order to develop alternatives . The first system to be modified in this fashion was the Henschel Hs 293B anti - shipping missile . Other examples included the X - 4 anti - aircraft missile , and the X - 7 anti - tank version of the X - 4 . The X - 7 influenced other military thinkers after the war . By the early 1950s a number of experimental systems had been developed ( see , e . g . Malkara missile ) , leading to their widespread deployment in the late 1950s and early 1960s . Large numbers of Israeli tanks were destroyed using wire guided AT - 3 Sagger missiles during the Yom Kippur War of 1973 . Wire guidance has remained the main system for most smaller weapons , although newer systems such as laser beam riding have come into use in anti - aircraft and some anti - tank use roles ( e . g . the US Hellfire missile and the Russia n AT - 14 Kornet ) . Some torpedo es can be wire - guided , such as the U . S . Mk 48 Advanced Capability ( ADCAP ) torpedo , or the Swedish Torped 613 , which is guided by a thin copper wire encased in a high - resistance plastic polymer . Timeline . This is a timeline of notable early wire - guided missiles .
French ship Austerlitz ( 1852 ) The Austerlitz was a late 100 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . Laid down as " Ajax " , she was renamed " Austerlitz " on 28 November 1839 , still on keel . In 1850 , her rigging was changed for that of a 90 - gun , and a steam engine was installed . She took part in operations in the Black Sea in 1854 . From 1871 , she was used as a prison hulk of prisoners of the Paris Commune . Between 1874 and 1894 , she was used as a school ship . She was eventually broken up in 1895 .
Harry Wood ( aviator ) Major Harry Alison Wood was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Biography . He studied civil engineering prewar at Toronto University . After joining the Corps of Guides as a lieutenant , he transferred to the Royal Flying Corps . He trained in the United Kingdom , and joined No . 34 Squadron at Netheravon . He transferred to No . 34 Squadron , then to No . 24 Squadron in early summer of 1916 . On 18 June 1916 , on his first combat sortie , he attacked four encroaching Germans and broke up their reconnaissance patrol . He went on to down six Germans , and be shot down twice by ground fire . He became a Flight Commander before March 1917 , when he was assigned back in England on Home Establishment . He was awarded the Military Cross on 4 June 1917 , and promoted to Major in March 1918 . After the war ended , he never again set foot in an airplane . He went to work for Canadian National Railway , ending up as Chief of Development . He retired from that post in March 1959 . Shortly after joining another firm in Montreal , he died of a heart attack . References . " Above the Trenches Supplement : A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces " . Christopher F . Shores , Norman L . R . Franks , Russell Guest . Grub Street , 1996 . ISBN 1 - 898697 - 39 - 6 , ISBN 978 - 1 - 898697 - 39 - 8
George Vallings Vice Admiral Sir George Montague Francis Vallings KCB ( 31 May 1932 – 25 December 2007 ) was a Royal Navy officer who became Flag Officer , Scotland and Northern Ireland . Naval career . Educated at Belhaven Hill School in Dunbar and the Royal Naval College , Dartmouth , Vallings joined the Royal Navy as a midshipman in 1950 and took part in the Korean War . He also saw action in the Suez Crisis in 1956 . He was then given command of the destroyer " Defender " in 1967 and became executive officer of the destroyer " Bristol " in 1970 . He was made naval attaché at the British High Commission in Canberra in 1975 , commander of the 2nd Frigate Squadron in 1977 and Director of Operations and Trade at the Ministry of Defence in 1978 . He went on to be Commodore on the River Clyde in 1980 and then Flag Officer Gibraltar in 1982 . He was appointed Flag Officer , Scotland and Northern Ireland in 1985 before retiring in 1987 . In retirement he became Secretary of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants . Family . In 1964 he married Tessa Julia Cousins ; they had three sons .
Bent entrance A bent entrance is a defensive feature in mediaeval fortification . In a castle with a bent entrance , the gate passage is narrow and turns sharply . Its purpose is to slow down attackers attempting to rush the gate and impede the use of battering ram s against doors . It is often combined with means for an active defence , such as machicolation s , in effect confining intruders to a narrow killing zone . Its defensive function is related to that of a barbican in front of the gate . Bent entrances are typical of Arab fortifications and crusader castles . The Citadel of Aleppo is a good example of the former , with a massive gate tower enclosing a complicated passage . The most elaborate bent entrance among crusader castles is the turning entrance ramp at Crac des Chevaliers , which is defensible from several towers and via machicolation s . In addition to the main gate , postern gates could also feature a bent entrance , usually on a smaller scale . For instance , in the ruined crusader castle at Belvoir , posterns open into the moat at the angle between the outer wall and the corner towers . Bent entrances of such complexity as at Crac are less common in European castles , where even in strongly defended keep - gatehouse s the entrance passage tends to be straight . See for example the long gate passage at Harlech Castle , which uses multiple doors and murder - hole s , but no turns . Cathcart King has argued that the bent entrance was less widespread in Europe than in the Crusader states because transport in Europe tended to be based on carts pulled by draft animals , which makes negotiating a twisting passage impractical , whereas camels , as used in the East , would have less difficulty .
Takao - class cruiser The " Takao " class ( 高雄型 ) was a class of four heavy cruiser s of the Imperial Japanese Navy launched between May 1930 and April 1931 . Description . They were an evolution from the preceding " Myoko " class , with heavier torpedo armamanent and had an almost battleship - like , large bridge structure . Their main gun armament was ten guns in twin mounts and they were also armed with sixteen 24 inch torpedo es ( carrying more than the " Myokos " or " Mogamis " ) , making the " Takaos " the most heavily armed cruisers of the IJN . The only flaw was that they were considered top - heavy and thus prone to capsizing , while Turret # 3 had a poor firing arc . These two problems were rectified in the follow - up " Mogamis " ; nonetheless the " Takaos " were considered the best cruisers that the IJN ever built . Ships . Four ships of the class were launched . All served in World War II and all of them were sunk or disabled as a result of the Battle of Leyte Gulf in October 1944 .
USS LST - 874 USS " LST - 874 " was an in the United States Navy . Like many of her class , she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation . " LST - 874 " was laid down on 16 October 1944 at Evansville , Indiana , by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co . ; launched on 25 November 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Ernest B . Rainey ; and commissioned on 18 December 1944 . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 874 " was assigned to the Asiatic - Pacific theater and participated in the assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto from April through June 1945 . Following the war , she performed occupation duty in the Far East until early January 1946 . " LST - 874 " returned to the United States and was decommissioned on 29 May 1946 and struck from the Navy list on 3 July that same year . On 8 June 1948 , the ship was sold to Donald P . Loker , then transferred to France . " LST - 874 " earned one battle star for World War II service .
Auchanachie Castle Auchanachie Castle , also known as Achanachie Castle or Auchanachy Castle , is a tower house dating from the sixteenth century , 5 miles north - west of Huntly , Aberdeenshire , Scotland . History . Auchanachie Castle probably began as a tall tower , reduced in height when an extension was added in the 17th century . It was the home of the eldest son of the Gordons of Avochie . It passed to the second son of the fourth laird , whose family still own it . Part of it which has been modernised is still lived in . Structure . The tower now has three storeys , with a two - storey eastern extension at right angles . The doorway bears the date 1594 . There is a large circular stair - tower in the angle , and it has shot - holes under the eaves , and arrow - slit windows . , There is a massive chimney - stack on the east front , although the fireplace has been closed . By the chimney stack is a doorway with the inscription . FROM OVR ENEMIES DEFENDE VS O CHRIST . There is a vaulted basement ; bosses carry the arms of Campbell , Fraser and Gordon . A step turnpike stair leads to the vaulted hall on the first floor , which is small . The building has been renovated and harled . There is a 17th - century circular dovecot , also harled , in the grounds of the tower . It is a grade A listed building .
USS Sussex ( AK - 213 ) USS " Sussex " ( AK - 213 ) was an " Alamosa " - class cargo ship that was constructed for the U . S . Navy during the closing period of World War II . She was retained by the Navy for post - war service , including that in the Korean War theatre where she earned three battle star s and then returned home for deactivation . Built in Sturgeon Bay , Wisconsin . The second ship to be so named by the Navy , " Sussex " ( AK - 213 ) was laid down under U . S . Maritime Commission contract ( MC hull 2167 ) on 3 October 1944 by the Leathern D . Smith Shipbuilding Co . , Sturgeon Bay , Wisconsin ; launched on 3 February 1945 ; sponsored by Mrs . Carl O . Rydhelm ; and acquired by the Navy in July 1945 . Operation by the Coast Guard . She was operated by the United States Coast Guard until the spring of 1946 and , on 23 May 1946 , was placed in the reserve fleet . She was reacquired by the Navy on 27 February 1947 ; and commissioned on 27 May 1947 , Lt . Comdr . John L . Hunter in command . Post - World War II service . Assigned to the Alaskan Sea Frontier , " Sussex " sailed to Seattle , Washington , in late June , loaded cargo , and made her maiden voyage to Alaskan ports for the United States Navy . After making calls at Adak and Kodiak , she returned to Seattle on 25 August 1947 . From that date until December 1950 , the ship made 16 voyages from Seattle to various Alaskan ports carrying supplies to bases and installations there . Korean War service . From January to July 1951 , " Sussex " provided logistic support for the mid - Pacific Trust Territories . From August 1951 to January 1952 , she operated in the Korean war zone , moving supplies and munitions to United Nations ships and bases . The ship was busy transporting cargo from Japanese ports to such places as Pusan , Suyong , and Inchon . On 5 February 1952 , " Sussex " stood out of Yokosuka en route to Bremerton , Washington , for a general overhaul . She departed Bremerton on 12 May 1952 and proceeded via Pearl Harbor and Midway Island to Japan . The cargo ship arrived at Sasebo , Japan , on 30 June and resumed her runs to Korea ; but this time , she also included Okinawa , Taiwan , and the Pescadores Islands among her supply points . " Sussex " returned to Pearl Harbor on 15 December 1952 and , until March 1954 , supplied bases at Midway Island , Kwajalein , Saipan , and Guam . She arrived at Yokosuka on 14 March and operated from that port until 19 October 1954 when she returned to Pearl Harbor to resume supplying mid - Pacific Ocean bases . She continued this duty , operating from Pearl Harbor , until 7 May 1958 when she moved her base of operations to Iwakuni , Japan . Decommissioning . " Sussex " steamed into Yokosuka on 21 November 1959 and was decommissioned on 5 December 1959 . She was struck from the Navy List on 1 January 1960 and sold to the Hugo Neu Steel Products Corp . , New York , on 27 July 1960 for scrap . Awards and honors . " Sussex " received three battle star s for service during the Korean War : Qualified " Sussex " personnel were eligible for the following :