naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Helios ( ARB - 12 ) USS " Helios " ( ARB - 12 ) was one of twelve " Aristaeus " - class battle damage repair ships built for the United States Navy during World War II . Named for Helios ( in Greek mythology , the sun - god , represented as driving a four - horse chariot through the heavens ) , she was the only U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name . Originally laid down as " LST - 1127 " , the ship was launched on 14 February 1945 by the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company of Seneca , Illinois ; sponsored by Mrs . Emery Adams ; and commissioned on 26 February 1945 with Lieutenant Adam W . Melohusky in command . The ship sailed down the Mississippi River and around to Baltimore where she decommissioned on 16 March 1945 . She was then converted to a battle damage repair ship by the Maryland Drydock Company of Baltimore and renamed " Helios " . Recommissioned USS " Helios " ( ARB - 12 ) on 23 July 1945 with Lieutenant Melohusky in command Service history . She proceeded to Chesapeake Bay for her shakedown . Ordered to the Pacific , " Helios " sailed from Norfolk on 27 August . By the time she reached Pearl Harbor on 29 September , the long war had come to its end and her services were no longer needed . Sailing on 11 October , she reached Charleston a month later and from there sailed to the Inactive Fleet Berthing Area at Green Cove Springs , Florida . " Helios " decommissioned there on 3 December 1946 and remained in reserve until leased to the government of Brazil on 19 January 1962 and renamed " Belmonte " ( G - 24 ) . The vessel was sold outright to Brazil via the Security Assistance Program on 1 December 1977 and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 10 December 1977 . Decommissioned by the Brazilian Navy on 7 June 1997 , " Belmonte " was sunk as a target on 19 March 2002 .
Battle of Berryville The Battle of Berryville was fought September 3 and September 4 , 1864 , in Clarke County , Virginia . It took place toward the end of the American Civil War . After taking control of Smithfield Summit on August 29 , Union Maj . Gen . Philip H . Sheridan marched to Berryville with his 50 , 000 man Army of the Shenandoah . At the same time Confederate Lt . Gen . Jubal A . Early sent Maj . Gen . Joseph B . Kershaw ' s division east from Winchester to Berryville . At about 5 : 00 p . m . , Kershaw attacked Colonel Joseph Thoburn ' s division of the VIII Corps while they were preparing to go into camp . Kershaw routed Thoburn ' s left flank before the rest of the corps came to the rescue . Darkness ended the fighting , with both sides bringing in heavy reinforcements . The next morning , Early , seeing the strength of the Union ' s entrenched line , retreated behind Opequon Creek .
William Levery William Levery ( June 3 , 1879 - unknown ) was an apprentice first class serving in the United States Navy during the Spanish – American War who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Levery was born June 3 , 1879 in Pennsylvania and after entering the navy was sent to fight in the Spanish – American War aboard the torpedo boat U . S . S . Marblehead as an apprentice first class . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Apprentice First Class , U . S . Navy . Born . 3 June 1879 , Pennsylvania . Accredited to : Pennsylvania . G . O . No . : 521 , 7 July 1899 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Marblehead during the operation of cutting the cable leading from Cienfuegos , Cuba , 11 May 1898 . Facing the heavy fire of the enemy , Levery displayed extraordinary bravery and coolness throughout this action .
Hawker Danecock The Hawker Danecock biplane was developed from the Hawker Woodcock for the Danish air force and naval service . Design and development . In 1925 the Danish Government notified Hawker that they would order three aircraft similar to the Woodcock , but with certain improvements . This resulted in Sydney Camm making minor changes to the wings and cockpit area . Compared to the Woodcock II , the Danecock had unequal span wings , a slightly lengthened fuselage , a 385 hp ( 287 kW ) Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar IV engine and an armament of two . 303 in ( 7 . 7 mm ) Madsen machine gun s . The first aircraft was flown on 18 December 1925 by George Bulman with all three aircraft delivered in February 1926 . Operational history . After receiving the Hawker - built aircraft , Denmark obtained a licence to produce more Danecocks . This version , named the Dankok , was built in 1927 at the Danish Royal Naval Dockyard ( " Orlogsvaerftet " ) . A total of 12 more were manufactured . One aircraft ( a Hawker - build ) broke the Scandinavian altitude record , reaching 28 , 208 ft ( 8 , 598 m ) . The Danecock / Dankok served until the mid - 1930s when they were replaced by Hawker Nimrod s . An example of the Dankok still exists in the Copenhagen Museum .
Battle of Torata The battle of Torata is part of the Peruvian War of Independence , which occurred on January 19 , 1823 in the high Torata ( town located northeast of Moquegua ) between the Liberation Army of Peru , under command of Argentinean General Rudecindo Alvarado , and Royal Army of Peru under Gen . Brigadier Jerónimo Valdés and culminated with the defeat of patriots whose army would be completely destroyed two days later at the Battle of Moquegua with support of Gen José de Canterac .
Caudini The Caudini were a Samnite tribe that lived among the mountains ringing Campania and in the valleys of the Isclero and Volturnus rivers . Their capital was at Caudium , but it seems certain that the appellation was not confined to the citizens of Caudium and its immediate territory . Livy speaks in more than one passage of the Caudini as a tribe or people , in the same terms as of the Hirpini , and Niebuhr supposed them to have been one of the four tribes comprising the Samnite confederacy As the most western of the Samnite groups , they were the Samnite tribe most affected by the neighbouring Greeks of Campania . The Caudini are nowhere mentioned as a separate tribe in our narratives of the Romans ' Samnite Wars , probably because they were assumed included whenever the Samnites were mentioned . ( The territory of the Caudini was the scene of much fighting . ) Velleius Paterculus ( ii . 1 ) says that it was with the Caudini that the Romans made their treaty following their defeat at the Battle of the Caudine Forks , where Livy uniformly talks of the Samnites . In 275 BCE , the tribe was subjugated by L . Cornelius Lentulus , whose family henceforth took the name ‘ Caudinus ’ . The exent of their territory is unclear . The ancient poet Gratius Faliscus ( " Cyneget . " 509 ) called the great mountain mass of the Taburnus the " Caudinus Taburnus " , and this must have been at the center of their territory . It probably joined that of the Hirpini on the one side and of the Pentri on the other , while on the west it bordered immediately on Campania . But the name is not recognised by any of the geographers as a general appellation , and appears to have fallen into disuse : the Caudini of Pliny ( iii . 11 . s . 16 ) are only the citizens of Caudium . The cities of the Caudini included Caudium ( modern " Montesarchio " ) , Caiatia ( modern " Caiazzo " ) , Trebula , and Cubulteria .
Auguste , comte de La Ferronays Pierre Louis Auguste Ferron , Count de La Ferronnays ( 1777 – 1842 ) was French Minister of Foreign Affairs from January 4 , 1828 to April 24 , 1829 . Life . Born in Saint - Malo a few years after Chateaubriand , as he had himself participated in the campaign of the army of Émigrés in 1792 , then emigrated to England where he joined the Duke du Berry . At the Bourbon Restoration , he was appointed brigadier , and peer of France in 1815 . He held several embassies before becoming foreign minister in the Martignac ministry in 1828 , for a short tome . During these years he maintained a friendly correspondence with Chateaubriand , that he briefly mentions in his memoirs . He had children : He bought the castle Boury - en - Vexin , in 1835 .
Operation Roundabout Operation Roundabout was a British Commando raid that took place on 23 March 1943 , during the Second World War . The Commando party was commanded by Captain Gilchrist of No . 12 Commando and included two Commandos from the same unit , as well as an officer and four men from the 29th Ranger Battalion and four Norwegian soldiers The raid was supposed to destroy a bridge over a Fjord but was unsuccessful when one of the Norwegians dropped the magazine for his machine gun , alerting the German guards .
Theodor Burchardi Friedrich Wilhelm Theodor Burchardi ( 14 May 1892 – 12 August 1983 ) was an Admiral with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He is noted for his organisational achievement in the evacuation of 2 million people from Courland and Eastern Prussia at the end of World War II in Operation Hannibal and the Evacuation of East Prussia .
Bruce Godfrey Brackett Bruce Godfrey Brackett ( October 16 , 1915 – January 14 , 1943 ) was an United States naval aviator who was posthumously awarded the Silver Star for his heroism during World War II . World War II . Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor . Brackett ' s first assignment was to Cruiser Scouting Squadron ( VCS ) 9 on board USS Honolulu ( CL - 48 ) to which he reported on June 22 . The light cruiser operated out of Pearl Harbor through 1941 and was moored in the Navy Yard when the Japanese attacked on December 7 . Honolulu suffered only minor hull damage and was initially assigned convoy escort duty between the United States , Australia , and Samoa . World War II assignments . Promoted to lieutenant ( junior grade ) in June 1942 , Brackett spent the summer months of 1942 in the Aleutian Islands on board Honolulu . He was promoted to lieutenant on October 1 , 1942 and began to fly combat scouting missions with Task Force ( TF ) 67 during the Battle of Tassafaronga in November and out of Espiritu Santo early in 1943 . Flying the “ Tokyo Express ” . From December 16 , 1942 to January 14 , 1943 , Lt . Brackett flew hazardous missions to seek out the " Tokyo Express , " the nightly reinforcement runs of warships down the slot that separated two chains of islands in the Solomons group . On his missions , he distinguished himself by valor when faced with heavy Japanese antiaircraft fire . Without regard to his personal safety , he illuminated hostile targets for PT boat squadrons to attack . Silver Star . During the nights of January 14 and January 15 , he was shot down over Savo Island while assisting the PT boats engaging a nine - destroyer " express " run . Lt . Brackett was officially declared dead on January 23 , 1943 and was posthumously awarded the Silver Star for his heroism . Namesake . The USS Brackett ( DE - 41 ) , laid down as BDE - 41 on January 12 , 1943 and launched as DE - 41 on August 1 , 1943 , was named in his honor .
AUM - N - 2 Petrel The AUM - N - 2 Petrel was an air - to - surface missile produced by the United States of America . Later variants were converted into AQM - 41A target drones . Design and development . The origins of the Petrel date back to the 1950s , when the U . S . Navy Bureau of Ordnance ( BuOrd ) began the Kingfisher program , intending to develop a series of standoff torpedo weapons . The Kingfisher C , later known as the AUM - 2 and then as AUM - N - 2 ( AUM representing Air - to - Underwater Missile ) , was designed as an air - launched jet - powered missile which carried a torpedo warhead . Various different design options were considered for this missile ; the final choice was a Mark 21 homing torpedo , with a Fairchild J44 turbojet engine , wooden fins and wings , and a nose housing guidance equipment . On launch the missile dropped to 60 meters ( 200 feet ) above the water and cruised at Mach 0 . 5 towards the target , using semi - active radar homing . At a range of just under 1 , 500 meters ( 4 , 600 feet ) the engine shut down and all wings and fins were jettisoned . The torpedo dropped on a free trajectory into the water and began to home in on the target . The weapon was suitable for use against surface targets only — primarily ships and surfaced submarines . The AUM - 2 was usually carried by the Lockheed P - 2 Neptune . Tests of the AUM - 2 began in 1951 . Development was transferred to Fairchild in 1954 , with the project becoming operational in 1956 . The Petrel was never considered a very high priority by the U . S . Navy , which was far more concerned about the threat from submarines than surface ships . New submarine designs powered by nuclear reactors were beginning to appear in the mid - 1950s , vessels which could remain submerged indefinitely . As a result the prospects of catching an enemy submarine on the surface were receding , and more emphasis was being placed on underwater engagements . The use of semi - active guidance also required the launching aircraft to continue closing the target throughout the missile ' s flight , exposing it to a far greater danger from enemy defenses . The AUM - N - 2 was initially assigned only to reserve units . In 1959 the missiles were withdrawn from reserve service and converted to serve as air - launched target drones . In 1962 , the remaining Petrel drones were re - designated as the Fairchild AQM - 41A . They were finally disposed of shortly afterwards .
HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën ( F802 ) HNLMS " De Zeven Provinciën " ( F802 ) is the first ship of the air defence and command frigate s in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy ( RNLN ) . There are three other ships in this class , , , and . " De Zeven Provinciën " is the eighth ship in the Royal Netherlands Navy to carry this name . The name refers to the original seven Dutch provinces which together formed the Union of Utrecht . She was built by Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding ( formerly the Koninklijke Schelde Groep ) in Vlissingen . Her design incorporates stealth technology , as well as advanced radars of Dutch design such as SMART - L and APAR . As of December 2009 , Commander Hugo L . J . Ammerlaan is " De Zeven Provinciën " s commanding officer . Live Missile Firings . " De Zeven Provinciën " carries the Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile ( ESSM ) and the SM - 2 Block IIIA missile systems . The primary sensor used to guide these missile systems is APAR . In November 2003 , approximately from the Azores , " De Zeven Provinciën " conducted her first live firings of these missile systems . The firings involved a single ESSM and a single SM - 2 . These firings were particularly significant in that they were the first ever live firings involving a full - size ship - borne Active Electronically Scanned Array ( i . e . , APAR ) guiding missiles using the Interrupted Continuous Wave Illumination ( ICWI ) technique in an operational environment . As related by Jane ' s Navy International : Further live firings were performed by " De Zeven Provinciën " in March 2005 , again in the Atlantic Ocean approximately west of the Azores . The tests involved three live - firing events including firing a single SM - 2 at an Iris target drone at long range , a single ESSM at an Iris target drone , and a two - salvo launch ( with one salvo comprising two SM - 2s and the other comprising two ESSMs ) against two incoming Iris target drones . The long - range SM - 2 engagement apparently resulted in an intercept at a range of greater than from the ship , with a missile - target miss distance of ( the warhead ' s proximity fuse having been disabled for the purposes of the test ) .
Interior lines Interior lines is a strategy of warfare that is based on the concept that lines of movement , communication , and supply within an area are shorter than those on the outside . As the area held by a defensive force shrinks , these advantages increase . Using the strategy of interior lines , a surrounded force can more easily supply , communicate , and move its forces around , and can mount a series of surprise attacks on the forces encircling it . This allows a strategy of moving quickly enough and so unpredictably that the surrounding forces would be forced to retreat . Frederick the Great ' s operational strategy in his prosecution of the Seven Years ' War against the French , Russian , and Austrian Empire ' s separate armies can be considered an example of the advantage of interior lines in warfare . It also gave the Reds a distinct advantage over the Whites in the Russian Civil War . General Robert E . Lee used this technique during the Battle of Antietam during the American Civil War in 1862 , and it was used against him by General George Gordon Meade at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 .
156th ( Scottish Rifles ) Brigade The 156th ( Scottish Rifles ) Brigade was a formation of the British Army during the First World War . It was assigned to the 52nd ( Lowland ) Division and served in the Middle East during the Battle of Romani , First Battle of Gaza , Second Battle of Gaza and Third Battle of Gaza during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign and on the Western Front .
John C . Arrowsmith John Caraway Arrowsmith ( June 4 , 1894 Reno , Nevada - June 1 , 1985 Asheville , North Carolina ) was a Brigadier general in the United States Army Corps of Engineers , commanding the 45th Engineers in the China - Burma - India Theater of Operations during World War II . In 1942 , Arrowsmith was placed in command of Base Section 3 in Ledo , Assam , India which was responsible for construction of the Ledo Road . Under Arrowsmith ' s command , the road reached the Patkai mountains and crossed into Burma . Arrowsmith was promoted to Brigadier General . Brigadier General Lewis A . Pick replaced Arrowsmith as Chief Road Engineer in October 1943 . Arrowsmith continued as commander of the 45th Engineers until 1944 , and continued his army career until 1953 when he retired . He died in 1985 and was interred in Arlington National Cemetery .
German destroyer Z24 Z24 was a built for the Kriegsmarine in the late 1930s . Service history . On 23 October 1941 , " Z24 " was assigned to the 8th Destroyer Flotilla in northern Norway . On 17 December 1941 , " Z24 " , along with " Z23 " , " Z25 " , and " Z27 " , encountered the British minesweepers and north of Cape Gorodetski . In the short engagement that followed , " Speedy " was hit four times . " Z24 " was also part of the attack on Convoy PQ 13 in early April 1942 , along with " Z26 " and " Z25 " . The three destroyers encountered HMS " Trinidad " and HMS " Fury " ahead of the convoy . " Z26 " was sunk , and the other two ships jointly rescued 88 men from her as she sank . With " Z24 " and " Z7 Hermann Schoemann " , " Z25 " participated in the attack on Convoy QP 11 in April 1942 . The three destroyers first attacked the convoy , but were driven off by the convoy ' s escorting destroyers after sinking one small freighter . The destroyers later engaged the light cruiser HMS " Edinburgh " and the destroyers HMS " Forester " and HMS " Foresight " . " Edinburgh " had been earlier damaged by the submarine " U - 456 " . In the battle , " Hermann Schoemann " was sunk , but " Edinburgh " was damaged to the point where she was abandoned and sunk after the battle , and both British destroyers were badly damaged . On the night of 9 – 10 April 1943 " Z24 " was part of a force trying to break the Italian blockade runner " Himalaya " out of Gironde . The force was attacked by British Beaufort bombers . " Z24 " suffered five dead and 31 wounded . On 25 August 1944 , " Z24 " was attacked and destroyed by British bombers off Le Verdon .
Military Police Corps ( Ireland ) The Military Police Corps ( ) is the corps of the Irish Army responsible for the provision of policing service personnel and providing a military police presence to forces while on exercise and deployment . Its tasks increase during wartime to include traffic control organisation and POW and refugee control . The Military Police are distinguished from other units by their wearing of a red beret . The Military Police enjoy a close working relationship with the Garda Síochána , the civil police force of Ireland , at both national and local levels with the Gardaí providing specialist training to the Military Police in criminal investigation . The Corps has three regular army companies , and one special purpose company : The two brigade companies provide general policing support to each of the army ' s territorial brigades . The DFTC company provides similar support to the Defence Force Training Centre . The Air Corp and Naval Service now have Military Police Sections dressed in their own distinctive uniforms . As the Irish Army has now reduced to a 2 Brigade Structure the Military Police have also been reduced based in the 1st Southern and 2nd Northern Brigades . Disbanded ( Defense Forces Re - org 2012 )
HNoMS Uller ( 1876 ) HNoMS " Uller " was a " Vale " - class Rendel gunboat constructed for the Royal Norwegian Navy at Karljohansverns Verft Naval Yard in Horten in 1874 - 1876 and had yard build number 55 . She was one of a class of five gunboats - the other ships in the class were " Vale " , " Brage " , " Nor " and " Vidar " . " Uller " was , in addition to the heavy , muzzle - loading main gun , armed with a small Quick Fire gun and an early automatic gun , similar to the Gatling gun . Later " Uller " and her sister ships were rebuilt as minelayer s , and she served in this role when the Germans invaded 9 April 1940 . The invasion . Capture . When the Germans attacked , " Uller " was mining the sea lanes to Bergen , and was taken by surprise by the German forces . Sinking . After being pressed into Kriegsmarine service " Uller " and fellow captured minelayer HNoMS " Tyr " were mining the entrance to the still Norwegian - held Sognefjorden on 1 May 1940 when they were first bombed unsuccessfully by two Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M . F . 11 maritime reconnaissance aircraft of the Sognefjord Air Group and then attacked again later the same day by a Heinkel He 115 of the same unit . In the second attack " Uller " was hit by a bomb , beached and then scuttled by " Tyr " .
Ashton Keynes Castle Ashton Keynes Castle was in the village of Ashton Keynes , near to the town of Cricklade in Wiltshire ( ) . Known as Hall ' s Close the scheduled monument consists of a ringwork and bailey 100m west of Kentend Farm . History . The castle was founded in the 12th century by the Keynes family . Only the earthworks now remain . Renn has suggested that this castle rather than South Cerney Castle is the one that was captured by King Stephen from Miles of Gloucester during the Anarchy ,
Mariann Stratton Rear Admiral Mariann Stratton ( born 1945 ) was the Director of the United States Navy Nurse Corps from 1991 to 1994 . Biography . Born in Houston , Texas , Stratton joined the Navy Nurse Corps in 1964 and attended school on a Navy Nurse Corps Candidate Scholarship . She graduated from Sacred Heart Dominican College in Houston , Texas with degrees in nursing and English . Later she earned master ' s degrees in nursing from the University of Virginia and in human resource management . Starting on active duty in 1966 , Stratton served stateside as well as overseas in Japan , Ethiopia , Greece , and Italy . Her assignments included director of nursing services at Naval Hospital San Diego . She became Director of the Navy Nurse Corps in 1991 , and was promoted to the rank of Rear Admiral ( lower half ) . She served concurrently as deputy commander for Personnel Management , Naval Medical Command . In 1993 , she published " Nurse Corps Strategic Plan - Charting New Horizons " . As director , Stratton led the " Working Group on Prevention of Sexual Harassment for Women in the Navy and Marine Corps , " and advocated before Congress for equal promotion opportunities for military women . Stratton retired from the Navy in 1994 . In 1996 , she was awarded the Distinguished Alumnae Award by the University of Virginia Women ' s Center .