naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Grigori Nelyubov Grigori Grigoyevich Nelyubov ( ; March 31 , 1934 – February 18 , 1966 ) was a Soviet cosmonaut who was likely to have been the third or fourth person in space before his dismissal from the Soviet space program . Born in Porfiryevka , Crimea in Ukraine , Nelyubov was a captain and pilot in the Soviet Air Force . He was selected as one of the original 20 cosmonauts on March 7 , 1960 along with Yuri Gagarin . The following year , six of the original twenty were evaluated for assignment on Vostok flight crews between January 17 and 18 ; Gagarin , Titov , and Nelyubov were considered the top three candidates . For Vostok 1 Nelyubov was chosen as second double for Gagarin and presumably first double for Vostok 2 for Titov in April and August 1961 respectively . For the dual launches of Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 , Nelyubov was again chosen as a double for Andrian Nikolayev and Pavel Popovich . On March 27 , 1963 , Nelyubov , Ivan Anikeyev and Valentin Filatyev were arrested for drunk and disorderly conduct by the militia at Chkalovskaya station . According to reports , the officers of the security patrol that arrested them were willing to ignore the whole incident if the cosmonauts apologized , but Nelyubov refused , and the matter was reported to the authorities . Because there were previous incidents , all three were dismissed from the cosmonaut corps on April 17 , 1963 , though officially not until May 4 , 1963 . Nelyubov never completed a space mission . Following dismissal he went back to flying interceptor s in Siberia but fell to drinking and depression . He died on February 18 , 1966 . While drunk , he stepped in front of a train near the Ippolitovka station , northwest of Vladivostok . It was officially ruled a suicide . To protect the image of the space program , efforts were made to cover up the reason for Nelyubov ' s dismissal and his following suicide . His image was airbrushed out of the famous " Sochi Six " photo which showed the top members of the original class of Soviet cosmonauts . This airbrushing led to speculation about " lost cosmonauts " .
Georgy Shpagin Georgy Semyonovich Shpagin ( ; April 29 , 1897 - February 6 , 1952 ) was a Russia n weapons designer . He is best known as the creator of the famous PPSh - 41 submachine gun , as well as working with Vasily Degtyaryov on the DShK heavy machine gun . Early life . Shpagin was born in 1897 to a peasant family in Klyushnikovo close to Kovrov o , in what was then the Russian Empire . He attended school for three years , before becoming a carpenter at the age of 12 ( in 1909 ) . He was drafted into the Russian Army in 1916 to fight on the Eastern Front . He was assigned to repair artillery the following year . Russian Revolution . During the Russian Revolution , he became a member of the Red Army , and worked as a gunsmith in Vladimir Oblast . After 1920 , he worked in a workshop designing weapons in the same area , working with Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov and Vasily Degtyaryov . Creations . In 1938 his workshop released the DShK heavy machine gun , after a decade and a half of unsuccessful attempts at weapon creation . It is still in widespread use as an anti - personnel , an anti - aircraft gun , and a light anti - tank weapon to this day . About 8 , 000 of them were made during the Second World War . In 1940 , he came up with his most accredited design , the PPSh - 41 sub - machine gun , which became the staple automatic weapon of the Red Army during the Second World War . It was cheap to produce and easy to maintain . He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1944 . Post - war . Shpagin was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 1946 to 1950 . However , he became seriously ill with stomach cancer and it was of this which he died in early 1952 . Honours and awards . Shpagin was awarded the Stalin Prize , 2nd class , in 1941 and the title of Hero of Socialist Labour on 16 September 1945 , for " creation of new types of weapons and raising the combat power of the Red Army " . He received three Orders of Lenin during the war , in 1941 , 1943 and 1945 , in addition to the Order of Suvorov , 2nd class , in 1945 and the Order of the Red Star in 1938 . Posthumous recognition . A street in Vyatka is named for him . In both Kovrov and Vyatka there are large public monuments to him .
USS Bainbridge ( DD - 1 ) The second USS " Bainbridge " ( DD - 1 ) was the first destroyer in the United States Navy and the lead ship of her class . She was named for William Bainbridge . Construction . The ship was launched on 27 August 1901 by Neafie and Levy Ship and Engine Building Company , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , sponsored by Mrs . Bertram Greene ( great - granddaughter of ship ' s namesake Commodore William Bainbridge ) , placed in reserve commission at Philadelphia on 24 November 1902 , Lieutenant G . W . Williams in command , towed to Norfolk , Virginia , and placed in full commission on 12 February 1903 . Pre - World War I . " Bainbridge " departed Key West , Florida on 23 December and sailed via the Suez Canal to the Philippine Islands , arriving at Cavite on 14 April 1904 . Between 1904 and 1917 , she served with the 1st Torpedo Flotilla , Asiatic Fleet , except for two brief periods ( 17 January 1907 - on 24 April 1908 and 24 April 1912 - April 1913 ) when she was out of commission . World War I . On 1 August , she departed Cavite for Port Said , Egypt , where she joined Squadron 2 , U . S . Patrol Force on 25 September . " Bainbridge " served on patrol and convoy duty until on 15 July 1918 , when she departed for the United States . She arrived at Charleston , South Carolina , 3 August and participated with the fleet in activities along the Atlantic coast until on 3 July 1919 when she was decommissioned at Philadelphia . She was sold on 3 January 1920 and broken up for scrap .
Walter C . Sweeney , Jr . General Walter Campbell Sweeney , Jr . ( July 23 , 1909 – December 22 , 1965 ) was a United States Air Force four - star general who served as commander of the U . S . Air Force Tactical Air Command . Biography . A native of Wheeling , West Virginia , he was born in 1909 . He graduated from the United States Military Academy and was commissioned a second lieutenant of infantry in June 1930 . In October 1934 , he entered primary flying school at Randolph Field , Texas , with subsequent graduation from the advanced flying school in October 1935 , at Kelly Field , Texas . His first operational assignment was with the Eighth Attack Squadron of the Third Attack Group at Barksdale Field , Louisiana . In June 1939 , Sweeney joined the Fifth Bomb Group in Hawaii and later transferred to the 11th Bomb Group as commanding officer of the 431st Bomb Squadron . He commanded an Army Air Force Task Group during the Battle of Midway in June 1942 . In July 1942 , he became the air officer for the Theater Group , Operations Division of the War Department General Staff in Washington , D . C . In July 1944 , Sweeney was assigned to the 73rd Bomb Wing and moved with this unit from Colorado Springs , Colorado , to the Pacific area , serving as chief of staff and later deputy commander . While with the wing in the Marianas , he participated in the first unprecedented low - level attack with B - 29s against the Japanese . On a later mission he lost his aircraft , paddled ashore in a life raft , and returned to his island base . In July 1945 , he became director of plans of the Strategic Air Force , Pacific Ocean Area , Guam . After the war he served as a member of the Joint War Plans Committee for the Army Air Force in Washington , D . C . , until July 1946 when he became an instructor at the National War College . In October 1947 , Sweeney was assigned to the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force , and the following year was named director of plans for the Strategic Air Command with headquarters at Omaha , Nebraska . In April 1953 , he was assigned to command the Fifteenth Air Force at March Air Force Base , California . In June 1954 , while commander of this strategic bomber force , he led a trio of Stratojets in history ' s first non - stop flight of jet bombers across the Pacific Ocean . For six years , from August 1955 until September 1961 , Sweeney commanded the Eighth Air Force at Westover Air Force Base , Massachusetts . In October 1961 Sweeney was promoted to four - star rank and assumed command of the Tactical Air Command with headquarters at Langley Air Force Base , Virginia . He retired from the Air Force on August 1 , 1965 , and died of cancer on December 22 , 1965 . Sweeney was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross , Air Force Distinguished Service Medal , Silver Star , Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster , Distinguished Flying Cross and Air Medal . He was rated a command pilot .
106th Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 106th Brigade was a formation of the British Army during the First World War . It was raised as part of the new army also known as Kitchener ' s Army and assigned to the 32nd Division . The brigade served on the Western Front . Formation . The infantry battalions did not all serve at once , but all were assigned to the brigade during the war .
James D . Johnston James D . Johnston was an officer in the United States Navy , then served as a commander in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War . Biography . Johnston was born in Kentucky and was appointed from that state as a United States Navy Midshipman in 1832 . He achieved the rank of Lieutenant in 1843 and had not received further promotion when he resigned from the service in April 1861 . Johnston joined the Confederate States Navy in the same month as a First Lieutenant and was promoted to Commander in June 1864 . His initial Confederate service was as a lighthouse inspector . He was assigned to the New Orleans Station in 1861 and to the forces on Mobile Bay , Alabama , later in that year . Johnston commanded the ironclad s CSS " Baltic " in 1861 - 63 and CSS " Tennessee " in 1864 . He was captured with the latter ship during the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 , and held as a prisoner of war until the following October . After he was exchanged , Commander Johnston returned to duty in the Mobile area , remaining there until the end of the U . S . Civil War in May 1865 , when he surrendered and was paroled . References . " This article contains text from the public domain U . S . Navy Historical Center . "
ANBO V The ANBO V was a parasol wing monoplane training aircraft designed for the Lithuanian Army in 1931 . A developed version , the ANBO 51 followed in 1938 . Design . The ANBO V was of conventional configuration with fixed , tailwheel undercarriage . The pilot and instructor sat in tandem open cockpits . The prototype was powered by a Walter Vega I engine , but the small series produced had either Walter Venus or Armstrong Siddeley Genet Major engines . In 1936 , an improved version appeared , designated ANBO 51 , which was Genet - powered and featured strengthened wings . The ANBO 51 was a fabric covered aircraft with a welded steel tube fuselage structure and steel framed rudder and elevators . The parasol wings were attached to the lower fuselage with pairs of struts on each side , assisted by further centre section struts . The wings and fixed tail surfaces were wooden structures . Specifications ( ANBO 51 ) . " Data from " Jane ' s All the World ' s Aircraft 1938
Francis E . Brownell Francis Edwin Brownell ( 1840 – March 15 , 1894 ) was a soldier and recipient of the Medal of Honor for killing James W . Jackson , after he shot Col . Elmer E . Ellsworth , colonel of the 11th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment . Brownell ' s actions marked the first action in the American Civil War to merit the award . Life . Brownell enlisted as a member of the 11th New York Volunteers , the " Fire Zouaves , " and was assigned to Company A . In the first days of the war , as the 11th entered Alexandria , Virginia on May 24 , 1861 , Ellsworth took him and several other men to capture the telegraph office . On the way there , one of Ellsworth ' s men spotted a Confederate flag atop the Marshall House inn . Ellsworth ' s group entered the inn and quickly cut down the flag , but they encountered the proprietor , James Jackson , as they descended the stairs . Jackson killed Ellsworth with a shotgun blast to the chest , and Brownell responded in kind by fatally shooting the innkeeper . For this , he was rewarded with a commission in the regular army and served as an officer for the next two years , retiring in 1863 with the rank of first lieutenant . After the war , Brownell twice was denied his request for the award in recognition of his actions in killing Jackson . A third attempt with the assistance of his congressman was granted . Brownell finally was award the Medal of Honor in 1877 , inscribed with his name and regiment . A request to have his action described on the medal meant it was returned to the War Department and a second medal was issued . It was inscribed : “ The Congress to Sergt Frank E . Brownell , 11th N . Y . Vol Inf ’ y for gallantry in shooting the murderer of Col . Ellsworth at Alexandria , VA , May 24 , 1861 . ” Following the war , Brownell lived in Washington , D . C . where he worked as a clerk with the Pension Office . He is buried in Bellefontaine Cemetery in Saint Louis , Missouri . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , Company A , 11th New York Infantry . Place and date : Alexandria , Va . , May 24 , 1861 . Entered service at : Troy , N . Y . Birth : New York . Date of issue : January 26 , 1877 . Killed the southern sympathizer who shot Colonel Elmer E . Ellsworth at the Marshall House Alexandria , Va . , after that state had declared its secession from the Union .
Combat sidestroke Combat side stroke or CSS is a variation of the side stroke that was developed by and taught to the United States Navy SEALs . The Combat Swimmer Stroke is a relaxing and very efficient swim stroke that is an updated version of the traditional sidestroke . The CSS is a mix of sidestroke , freestyle and breaststroke . The combat side stroke allows the swimmer to swim more efficiently and reduce the body ' s profile in the water in order to be less likely to be seen during combat operations if surface swimming is required . The concept of CSS has been that it can be used with or without wearing swim fins ( flippers ) , the only difference being that when wearing swim fins the swimmer ' s legs will always be kicking in the regular flutter kick motion without the scissor kick . This stroke is one of the strokes that can be used for prospective SEAL candidates in the SEAL Physical Screening Test ( PST ) , which includes a 500 yard swim in 12 minutes 30 seconds to determine if the candidate is suitable to go to the Basic Underwater Demolitions / SEAL school . Basics . The combat side stroke utilizes the three main fundamentals of swimming : Side stroke variants . There are two forms to the combat side stroke : the full combat side stroke and the combat sprinter side stroke . The sprinter side stroke allows the swimmer to move faster in the water compared to the full side stroke . Full side stroke . The swimmer starts with the body flat and arms in a fully extended position in the water , facing downward , legs flutter kicking . One arm then pulls down in the water to the side of the body , at the same time the body rotates and the head takes a breath to the side . The second arm then pulls down with the arm to the side of the body , and the head moves back facing the bottom of the pool , enabling the body to stay horizontal in the water . The hands move forward fully extended in front of the head while simultaneously performing a scissor kicking motion cork - screwing the body back to being flat in the water . Sprinter side stroke . The only difference between the full side stroke and sprinter side stroke is instead of bringing the second lead arm fully down to the side of the body the arm will only half stroke ; the arm moves halfway towards the body and is then brought back to the fully extended position .
138th Infantry Regiment ( United States ) The 138th Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment in the U . S . Army National Guard . Lineage . Organized in 1832 in the Missouri Militia at St . Louis as the St . Louis Grays 10 – 24 May 1847 at St . Louis 30 April 1862 in Confederate service near Corinth , Mississippi ) and consolidated unit designated as the 1st and 4th Consolidated Missouri Infantry Regiment ( Missouri Militia redesignated 16 March 1877 as the Missouri National Guard ) 5 August 1917 ANNEX 1 . Organized 26 July 1852 in the Missouri Militia at St . Louis as the National Guards ANNEX 2 . Organized 7 November 1877 in the Missouri National Guard at St . Louis as the 1st Regiment of Police Reserves ANNEX 3 . Constituted 14 December 1942 in the Army of the United States as the 880th Airborne Engineer Battalion , Aviation ( Federal recognition withdrawn 1 April 1954 from Company C [ Colorado Air National Guard ] ; Company B [ Louisiana Air National Guard ] redesignated 1 September 1954 as Company B , 225th Engineer Aviation Battalion – hereafter separate lineage ) A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 3 / 32 inches ( 2 . 78 cm ) in height consisting of a shield blazoned : Azure , the equestrian statue in profile of Louis IX ( St . Louis ) of France Or , ( the statue is in forest Park , St . Louis , by Charles Henry Niehaus ) . The shield is blue for Infantry . The statue of Louis IX ( St . Louis ) alludes to the home area of the organization . The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 138th Infantry Regiment on 24 May 1926 . It was redesignated for the 1138th Engineer Battalion on 3 May 1989 . Campaign streamers . Mexican War Civil War ( Confederate Service ) World War I World War II War on Terrorism
Bagler sagas The Bagler Sagas ( Old Norse Böglunga sögur ) are kings ' sagas relating to events in Norway from 1202 to 1217 . They are our main source to events in Norway in this period . There are two versions , one shorter and one longer , which are in modern editions usually printed as one saga . The sagas deal with the reigns of the birkebeiner kings Haakon Sverresson , Guttorm Sigurdsson and Inge Baardsson , and the bagler kings Erling Steinvegg and Philippus Simonsson . The sagas pick up the story where Sverris saga leaves off , at the death of king Sverre in 1202 . The older , and shorter , version ends with the wedding of Philippus in 1209 . The later and longer version , also continues the story until the death of king Inge in 1217 . The older version is neutral in its depiction of events , without a clear bias for either birkebeiner or bagler . It was probably written not long after the point where it leaves off , in 1209 . The newer version was probably written by someone who wanted to expand the older version with more material about the birkebeiner , and continue the story to cover all of Inge ' s reign . It was probably written no later than the early 1220s . The author of this later version is clearly on the side of the birkebeiner , and shows personal sympathies for king Inge , also in his disputes with his brother , earl Haakon the Crazy . The authors of both versions are unknown . There are indications that both of them were Icelanders , although this cannot be said for certain .
SS Royal Daffodil SS " Royal Daffodil " was built in 1906 and scrapped in 1938 . She was built as " Daffodil " for service on the River Mersey and renamed " Royal Daffodil " in recognition of her part in the Zeebrugge Raid . History . Pre war . " Daffodil " was built by Robert Stephenson & Sons as yard number 101 . She was launched on 20 April 1906 and completed in June 1906 . She was put into service as one of the Mersey ferries operating between Liverpool and Wallasey . Zeebrugge Raid . In 1918 , she was requisitioned for war service and became HMS " Daffodil " . Her sister ship " Iris " was also requisitioned and became HMS " Iris " . In preparation for the raid , all furniture and fittings were stripped and armour fitted to the superstructure of the " Iris " and " Daffodil " . The ferries were chosen because of their shallow draught and double hull s . They were towed across the Channel by HMS " Vindictive " and took part in the Zeebrugge Raid on 23 April 1918 . The raid was an effort to stop Germany using Zeebrugge as a submarine base . Although hailed as a triumph at the time , it only achieved this aim for a short time . " Daffodil " was hit in the engine room by two shells , but was able to maintain her position holding " Vindictive " against the wall of the Mole . Eight VCs were awarded . Return to Liverpool . " Iris " and " Daffodil " returned to the Mersey on 17 May 1918 , to a heroes welcome . After repairs at Chatham , both vessels returned to service on the Mersey . Post war . After the raid , she was renamed " Royal Daffodil " on command of King George V and returned to the Mersey , bearing shrapnel marks from the raid . In 1932 she succeeded PS " Royal Iris " on excursion work and in 1934 " Royal Daffodil " was sold to the New Medway Steam Packet Co . ( NMSPC ) . She was used on the Rochester - Strood - Sheerness - Southend route . The NMSPC was taken over by the General Steam Navigation Co . Ltd . in 1936 and in 1938 " Royal Daffodil " was sold for scrapping in Belgium . HMS " Daffodil " ( 1940 ) - TF3 train ferry . During World War II , three train ferry ships ( TF1 , TF2 & TF3 ) which had been built during World War I were requisitioned by the Royal Navy . TF2 was lost off Saint - Valéry en Caux on 13 June 1940 . In 1940 TF1 and TF3 were renamed HMS " Princess Iris " and HMS " Daffodil " , after the ex - Mersey ferries used in the famous World War I Zeebrugge raid . In 1941 HMS " Princess Iris " and HMS " Daffodil " were converted into Landing Ship Sternchute ( LSS ) and used as locomotive transports . HMS " Daffodil " ( ex - TF3 ) was lost off Dieppe on 18 March 1945 , after striking a mine leaving only HMS " Princess Iris " ( ex - TF1 ) to survive the war . The wreck of HMS " Daffodil " has been photographed by the Grieme organisation .
HDMS Hvidbjørnen ( F360 ) The HDMS " Hvidbjoernen " ( da : " Hvidbjørnen " , older Danish for polar bear ) is a belonging to the Royal Danish Navy . Service . " Hvidbjoernen " served as a platform for Commander Danish Task Group from 1998 to 2002 , whereafter her sister ship Thetis assumed the role . During a patrol in Faroes waters , the French trawler " Bruix " ( c / s : " FTID " ) was suspected of illegal fishery . When approached by " Hvidbjørnen " the French trawler refused to let an inspection team aboard and started to sail towards the territorial border . During the chase the two ships collided ( no persons injured ) . The " Hvidbjoernen " and the HDMS " Ejnar Mikkelsen " participated with Danish air elements in sovereignty and Search and Rescue exercises off Greenland ' s west coast . The vessels patrol took them to the Nares Strait , close to Hans Island , the approaches to the Northwest Passage , and to Lancaster Sound . In Lancaster Sound they joined in a Search and Rescue exercise with the Canadian Coast Guard vessel the CCGS " Henry Larsen " .
Operation Phillis Operation Phillis was the British service - assisted evacuation operation for British citizens in Côte d ' Ivoire in November 2004 . It was put into effect on 11 November of that year in response to the Civil war in Côte d ' Ivoire . A company of the Royal Gurkha Rifles was initially deployed to neighbouring Ghana , Royal Air Force transport aircraft were put on standby and HMS " Albion " was also directed towards the area to assist . Later troops of the 2nd Battalion , The Parachute Regiment were placed on standby to move to the area if reinforcements were needed . On 12 November the evacuation began to proceed as RAF Hercules aircraft flew evacuees to Ghana . 50 hours after it began the operation was complete . No British military or civilian casualties occurred during the operation .