naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
25th Army ( Soviet Union ) The 25th Army was a Red Army field army of World War II that served in the Russian Far East . It was formed in the Soviet Far East Front on the basis of HQ 43rd Rifle Corps ( in Primorski Krai ) . In June 1941 comprised 39th Rifle Corps with 32nd Rifle Division , 40th , and 92nd Rifle Division s , plus 105th Rifle Division as Army troops . Immediately after the end of the war with Japan it included two rifle corps ( 6 divisions ) and 8 fortified regions , but they were all reorganised in 1946 into machine - gun artillery divisions . The Army took part in Soviet move into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended , and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period . It was situated within what may have been the Maritime Province Military District up to 1955 , covering boundary with Korea and China , when it was disbanded .
Hans Adam von Schöning Hans Adam von Schöning ( 1 October 1641 – 28 August 1696 ) was a " Generalfeldmarschall " in the service of Brandenburg - Prussia and the Electorate of Saxony . Schöning was born at Tamsel near Küstrin in the Margraviate of Brandenburg . He was well - connected by marriage , his uncle being Field Marshal Georg von Derfflinger and his daughter being married to Colonel Ludwig von Blumenthal , a nephew of Field Marshal von Dünewald and brother - in - law of General Carl Friedrich von Schlippenbach ( 1658 – 1753 ) . His descendants include Field Marshal von Wrangel , granddaughter Luise Eleonore Wreech ( 1708 – 1784 ) , a nephew - the military historian Kurd von Schöning and the rocket scientist , Wernher von Braun . Von Schöning died on 28 August 1696 in Dresden and was buried in the chapel at Tamsel in Dąbroszyn . Hans Adam von Schöning was the owner of an estate in Brzoza . Family . Hans Adams parents were Hans Adam ( d 1664 ) , squire of the Knights Hospitaller , and Marianne ( born in Schapelow ) . He married Johanna Louise , of Pöllnitz , in 1668 . He had two sons , Boguslaus , Electorate of Saxony Lieutenant Colonel , and Johann ( Hans ) Ludwig of Tamsel , Electorate of Saxony Chamberlain , and Lieutenant Colonel . Military career . He distinguished himself in many military campaigns , including the Turkish Wars , the Nine Years War against France , and the war against Sweden 1675 - 79 particularly during the conquest of Stettin , Rügen and Stralsund and in the explusion of Sweden from Prussia . He famously quarreled with General von Barfus , and was eventually arrested for supposedly plotting to bring Saxony over to the French . Schloss Tamsel . Field - Marshal von Schöning later built a castle in Tamsel , Brandenburg ( now Dabroszyn / Dąbroszynie , Poland ) . A neo - gothic church on the estate contains a mausoleum for the von Schöning , von Wreech and von Dönhoff families .
USS Dyer ( DD - 84 ) USS " Dyer " ( DD – 84 ) was a in the United States Navy during World War I . She was named for Nehemiah Mayo Dyer . " Dyer " was launched 13 April 1918 by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company , Quincy , Massachusetts , sponsored by Miss Virginia Blackmur , and commissioned 1 July 1918 , Commander F . H . Poteet in command . Service history . Assigned to U . S . patrol squadrons based on Gibraltar , " Dyer " sailed from New York 9 July 1918 with Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin Delano Roosevelt embarked for transportation to Plymouth , England . Arriving 21 July " Dyer " got underway 5 days later arriving Gibraltar on the 29th . On 4 August she began her service as escort for merchant convoys and Army transports between Gibraltar and Marseilles , France , making nine such voyages until the end of hostilities . " Dyer " departed Gibraltar 29 January 1919 for service with U . S . Naval Forces in the central and eastern Mediterranean , and called at Split and Kotor , Dalmatia ( today in Croatia and in Montenegro ) , and Brindisi , Italy , Constantinople , Turkey , and Beirut , Lebanon , before arriving at Venice 5 February . Operating from Venice as flagship for the force , " Dyer " took part in relief activities in the Balkans and Middle East , carried passengers and supplies in the Adriatic and aided in the execution of the terms of the Austrian Armistice until 16 April , when she sailed for the United States . " Dyer " arrived at New York 14 June 1919 with two Members of Congress embarked . Between 1 October 1919 and 31 October 1920 , " Dyer " was in reserve , in reduced commission . She operated out of Charleston , South Carolina , until 3 April 1922 when she sailed to Philadelphia Navy Yard . " Dyer " was decommissioned there 7 June 1922 and sold 8 September 1936 . As of 2011 , no other ships in the United States Navy have carried this name .
Fidelity Medallion The Fidelity Medallion is the oldest decoration of the United States military and was created by act of the Continental Congress in 1780 . Also known as the " André Capture Medal " , the Fidelity Medallion was awarded to those soldiers who participated in the capture of Major John André , of the British army , who had been the contact to Benedict Arnold and had helped organize his defection . Historical records indicate that three soldiers , all members of the militia of New York state , were awarded the Fidelity Medallion after its first issuance : Private John Paulding , Private David Williams , and Private Isaac Van Wart . The obverse of the medallion was inscribed “ ” ; the reverse , with the motto , “ ” , which means , “ The love of country conquers . ” The Fidelity Medallion was never again bestowed and it quickly became regarded as a commemorative decoration . For this reason , the Badge of Military Merit is generally considered the first decoration of the U . S . military , even though it was created two years after the Fidelity Medallion , in 1782 .
Battle of Gavinana The Battle of Gavinana was a battle in the War of the League of Cognac . It was fought on 3 August 1530 between the city of Florence and the Imperial army of the Holy Roman Empire . The Imperial forces were led by Philibert of Châlon , Prince of Orange , with reinforcements under Fabrizio Maramaldo arriving later in the battle . The Florentine forces were led by the florentine commissary Francesco Ferruccio . At first the Florentines drove back the Imperial army , despite being outnumbered . In the process , the Prince of Orange was fatally shot in the chest by two arquebus balls . However , when Maramaldo arrived with 2 , 000 troops the tide was reversed . After being wounded and captured , Ferruccio was executed personally by Maramaldo . Ferrucci ' s last response to his murderer , " tu uccidi un uomo morto " ( you are killing a dead man ) led him to long lasting fame and to became one of the major icons of the Italian " risorgimento " . On the other hand , Maramaldo behavior , echoed by several historical reports , gave his name a shameful reputation , and in modern Italian Maramaldo means " Cowardly murderer "
Nels Running Ronald Nels Running ( born 1941 ) is a retired United States Air Force Major General who has more than 3 , 800 flying hours in F - 105D , F - 5 A / E , F - 4 D / E and F - 16A aircraft . This number of flying hours is significantly higher than the level of 3 , 000 flying hours that the Air Force requires to award its highest ranking of Command Pilot . Early life and education . Running is a native of Frenchtown , Montana . When he left his hometown in 1960 to attend the United States Air Force Academy , he had never boarded an airplane . He graduated in 1964 with a bachelor of science in military science . His later education includes time spent at the Armed Forces Staff College at Norfolk , Virginia and participation with other senior officials in courses offered by Harvard University . Military career . Running flew 274 combat missions in the F - 105 throughout his two tours of duty during the Vietnam War . He then became a member of the flight demonstration team United States Air Force Thunderbirds , flying the F - 4E . Later , he commanded the Aggressor Squadron at Clark Air Base , which is in the Philippines . At the time of his retirement from the Air Force on August 1 , 1997 , Running had achieved over 3 , 800 hours in flight time . He has been honored with many major awards including a Distinguished Flying Cross with six oak leaf clusters , an Air Medal with 25 oak leaf clusters , and a Vietnam Service Medal with four bronze stars . Later in life . In 2003 , Running was chosen to lead the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Korean War , from its start in 1950 to its truce in 1953 . One of its goals was to bring recognition to the veterans who were often neglected . Running said the events were commemorations , not celebrations , stating : " Commemorate really means remember . We ' re going to recognize , honor and remember the service provided during the Korean War . " Activities took place in both America and South Korea . He resides in Arlington , Virginia .
HMS Hastings ( 1819 ) HMS " Hastings " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy . She was built in Calcutta for the Honourable East India Company , but purchased by the Royal Navy on 22 June 1819 . Sailors and marines from the " Hastings " fought Chinese pirates at the Battle of Tonkin River in 1849 . In 1855 she was fitted with screw propulsion . In 1857 the ship was deployed to Liverpool on coastal defence duties before being transferred to the Royal Naval Reserve to be used as a training ship . She was sold out of the navy in 1886 . The Ship ' s figurehead is now on display at the Merseyside Maritime Museum .
Parsbit Parsbit , also known as Prisbit , was a Khazar noblewoman active in the 730s CE . In Armenian sources ( Lewond ) , Parsbit is called " the mother of the khagan . " Whether she was the regent for an infant monarch ( unlikely , since during the same period Barjik is called " the son of the khagan " ) or for an incompetent one ( again unlikely , since the Khazars during this period practiced ritual regicide once a monarch ' s ability to rule was compromised ) , or whether she ruled in her own right is unclear . What is certain is that Parsbit ( called Barsbek in some sources ) wielded an enormous degree of power , even commanding armies ( such as the expeditionary force led against Armenia by Tar ' mach in 730 ) .
3rd Combat Engineer Regiment ( Australia ) The 3rd Combat Engineer Regiment ( 3 CER ) is an Australian Army modular engineer regiment trained for sapper / combat engineer operations . The unit is based at Lavarack Barracks in Townsville , Queensland and is part of the 3rd Brigade . It has deployed to the Solomon Islands under " Operation Anode " , and has also served in Timor - Leste , Iraq and Afghanistan . The Regiment consists of : • Regimental Headquarters • 16 Combat Engineer Squadron • 18 Combat Engineer Squadron • 25 Support Squadron • Operational Support Squadron
Augustus A . Chapman Augustus Alexandria Chapman ( March 9 , 1805 – June 7 , 1876 ) was a 19th - century politician and lawyer from Virginia . Biography . Born in Union , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) , Chapman studied law as a young adult . He was admitted to the bar in 1825 and commenced practice in Union . He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1835 to 1841 and was later elected a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives , serving two terms from 1843 to 1847 . Chapman was a member of the from 1850 to 1851 and later returned to the House of Delegates from 1857 to 1861 . At the outbreak of the Civil War , Chapman became a brigadier general of the Virginia Militia and as such took the field with his command in 1861 . After the war , he resumed practicing law in his home town and engaged in agricultural pursuits . He died on June 7 , 1876 in Hinton , West Virginia . He was interred at Green Hill Cemetery in Union , West Virginia .
Hans Juchem Hans Juchem ( 4 June 1917 — 13 August 1943 ) was a Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) in the Waffen - SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . He was the second recipient of only 631 awards of the Close Combat Clasp in Gold . Early life . Hans Juchem was born on 4 June 1917 in Cologne , during World War I . His father was a local businessman who decided to leave Germany for Switzerland after the German defeat in 1918 , and only returned to Germany in 1933 . In 1934 , at the age of seventeen he volunteered to join the SS - VT and was posted to the SS Standarte " Deutschland " , under the command of Felix Steiner . He was selected to become an officer and was sent to the SS - Junkerschule in Bad Tölz in the class of 1938 . After graduation he was promoted to Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) . World War II . Juchem was a platoon commander during the Polish Campaign and took part in the fighting at Mława and Modelin . He also took part in the Western Campaign in June 1940 and was involved in fighting at Vlissingen in the Netherlands , Cassel , the Marne and in Orléans in France where he was wounded for the first time and awarded the Wound Badge . He was promoted to Obersturmführer in November 1940 , and given command of the 5th Company , SS Regiment " Germania " . Now part of the SS Division " Wiking " Juchem took part in Operation Barbarossa the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 . Advancing into the Ukraine he was involved in fighting at Lemberg , Tarnopol , Rkiwira , Ignatiewka and on the river Mius . He was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class in September and the Iron Cross 1st class in December 1941 . By this time Juchem had gained a reputation as a good commander and a man to turn to for difficult missions and his company was selected more and more to lead the Division ' s advance , or as a counterattacking force . He was awarded the German Cross in Gold in September 1942 for his achievements in the Caucasus . He was promoted to Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) in January 1943 and given command of the III . Battalion , 9th SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Germania " . In the fighting at the Kuban bridgehead he personally destroyed several Soviet guns and cut a supply route which was successfully mined . Juchem was next involved in the battles for Kiev and Battle of Kharkov where he was awarded the Close Combat Clasp in Gold . Hans Juchem was killed in action three days later on 13 August 1943 , during the fighting around the bridgehead on the Izium . He was posthumously awarded the Knight ' s Cross for his action earlier in the year for his command of the Battalion in the defence of height 186 . 9 .
Josef Beckmann Josef Beckmann ( 4 May 1920 – 6 December 2001 ) was a highly decorated Leutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Josef Beckmann was captured by Soviet troops in July 1944 during the Lublin – Brest Offensive and was released in 1949 .
USS Williams ( DE - 290 ) USS " Williams " ( DE - 290 ) was a proposed United States Navy " Rudderow " - class destroyer escort that was never built . Sources differ on " Williams " s planned builder ; plans called for either Bethlehem - Hingham Shipyard at Hingham , Massachusetts or the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston , South Carolina to build her . The contract for her construction was cancelled on 12 March 1944 before construction could begin . The name " Williams " was transferred to the destroyer escort USS " Williams " ( DE - 372 ) .
James Grant Wilson James Grant Wilson ( April 28 , 1832 – February 1 , 1914 ) was an American editor , author , bookseller and publisher , who founded the " Chicago Record " in 1857 , the first literary paper in that region . During the American Civil War , he was commissioned as a major of the 15th Illinois Cavalry and became a brevet brigadier general in 1865 . He settled in New York , where he edited biographies and histories , was a public speaker , and served as president of the Society of American Authors and the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society . Biography . Wilson was born in Edinburgh , Scotland , the son of the poet William Wilson and his second wife , Miss Sibbald of Hawick . In infancy , he moved with his family to the United States , where they settled at Poughkeepsie , New York . He had two younger brothers . Wilson was educated in Poughkeepsie at College Hill , and continued his studies in the languages , music , and drawing , under private teachers . Eventually , he joined his father in business as a bookseller / publisher , later becoming his partner . In 1855 , Wilson started on an extended journey , his tour of Europe and its capitals . Upon his return in 1857 , he settled in the growing city of Chicago , Illinois , where he founded the " Chicago Record " , a journal of art and literature . It was the first literary paper published in that region . He also became known as a speaker . During the Civil War , Wilson sold his journal and entered the Union Army late in 1862 . He was commissioned as a major of the 15th Illinois Cavalry , commanded the 4th U . S . C . Cavalry as colonel , and left the Army in 1865 as a brevet brigadier general . His middle brother was killed at Fredericksburg , Virginia , and his youngest brother also served . After the war , Wilson settled in New York City . He became known as a speaker , a frequent contributor to periodicals , president of the Society of American Authors , and , after 1885 , of the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society . He edited Fitz - Greene Halleck ' s " Poems " ( 1868 ) and wrote his biography , published in 1869 ; and in 1876 his anthology " Poets & Poetry of Scotland " in four volumes . He edited " A Memorial History of the City of New York " ( four volumes , 1892 – 93 ) ; " Appletons ' Cyclopædia of American Biography " ( six volumes , 1887 – 89 , with John Fiske ; volume vii , 1900 ) ; " The Great Commanders Series " ( eighteen volumes , completed 1913 ) ; and . Wilson died in New York City and is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery , Bronx , New York .
Ahrend Höper Ahrend Höper ( 26 November 1920 – 5 March 2013 ) was a Leutnant der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
RFA Fort Langley ( A230 ) RFA " Fort Langley " ( A230 ) was a stores ship of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary . The ship was launched on October 1944 as " Montebello Park " , and was commissioned on 18 May 1945 as " Fort Langley " . Transferred to the RFA in May 1954 , she was decommissioned in February 1970 , and laid up at Devonport . " Fort Langley " arrived at Bilbao for scrapping on 21 July 1970 .
USS Doyle C . Barnes ( DE - 353 ) USS Doyle C . Barnes ( DE - 353 ) was a John C . Butler - class destroyer escort acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II . The primary purpose of the destroyer escort was to escort and protect ships in convoy , in addition to other tasks as assigned , such as patrol or radar picket . The ship was named in honor of Doyle Clayton Barnes who had been awarded the Navy Cross for his actions during the Battle of Midway , and later was missing in action in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons . She was launched 4 March 1944 by Consolidated Steel Corp . , Ltd . , Orange , Texas ; sponsored by Mrs . D . C . Barnes , widow of " Ensign Barnes " ; and commissioned 13 July 1944 , Lieutenant Commander J . P . Ingle , USNR , in command . History . " Doyle C . Barnes " served as a school ship for officers destined for escort vessel service at Norfolk , Virginia , from 25 September to 21 October 1944 , then sailed for New Guinea , arriving at Hollandia 28 November . She escorted convoys from Hollandia to San Pedro Bay , Leyte , patrolled in the Philippines , and took part in the assault and occupation of Borneo from 7 June to 20 July 1945 . Following the cessation of hostilities " Doyle C . Barnes " remained in the Far East , providing services at Okinawa , Manila , Tsingtao , and Shanghai . She sailed from Tsingtao 15 April 1946 , arriving at San Pedro 11 May . She was towed by USS ATR - 66 to San Diego , California , and placed out of commission in reserve there 15 January 1947 . She was struck from the Navy list on 1 December 1972 and was sold for scrapping on 12 September 1973 .
Tønsberg Fortress Tønsberg Fortress ( " Tunsberg festning " ) was a medieval fortress , located in Tønsberg , Norway which was defended by the fortress for over 300 years . History . Dating in 871 , Tønsberg is commonly believed to have been the oldest Norwegian town and one of the oldest recorded fortified locations in Norway . According to Snorri Sturluson , Tønsberg was founded before the Battle of Hafrsfjord under which King Harald I of Norway united Norway under his rule . Tønsberg was an important trading center and site of " Haugathing " , the Thing ( assembly ) for Vestfold and one of Norway ' s most important place for the proclamation of kings . In the 13th century , King Haakon Haakonson set up a castle , " Tunsberghus " , at the location of the modern Tønsberg municipality . It was located at what was formerly one of the most important harbors in Norway . Only a few ruins of the fortress are now left . The modern - day tower ( " Slottsfjellet i Tønsberg " ) was raised in 1888 as a memorial of the historic fortress . Tunsberg Slottsfjellet . The present tower was built during 1888 as a memorial of the historic fortress . In 1971 , local authorities improved the insulation . At that time new plaques were mounted inside the tower . On the sides are the gilded signatures of two modern Kings of Norway : Haakon VII ( 1 August 1906 ) and Olav V ( 1 July 1958 ) . The plaque over the entrance reads :
Château des Guilhem The Château des Guilhem is a medieval castle in the town of Clermont - l ' Hérault in the Hérault " département " of France . Built for the Guilhems , lords of Clermont - l ’ Hérault , at the end of the 11th and beginning of the 12th centuries , the castle stands on Puech Castel hill , overlooking the town and surrounding country . The strategic site permitted control of the Hérault valley and the road to Bédarieux and the higher cantons , as well as the feudal town which was itself fortified soon after the castle was built . There is some evidence that earlier buildings existed . After a number of troubled periods when the castle provided shelter for the local population , it was slowly abandoned from the 16th century . Owing to its largely abandoned state , it escaped the widespread destruction of castles by Cardinal Richelieu . However , its abandonment and the ravages of time have caused serious deterioration : the only remnants are the fortifications , two vaulted halls and the Guilhem Tower ( " tour Guilhem " ) which still stands above the town . There is a grand panorama of the Hérault plain . The castle is listed by the French Ministry of Culture as a " monument historique " and received some preservation works in 2007 . The castle site is open daily to visitors , though access to the tower is not possible . ( Note : From 1 October 2009 and until further notice the castle has been closed due to a risk of falling stones . )