naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Rupert Price Hallowes Rupert Price Hallowes VC MC ( 5 May 1881 – 30 September 1915 ) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Born to F . B . and Mary Ann Taylor Hallowes , of Port Talbot , Wales . He was 34 years old , and a temporary second lieutenant in the 4th Battalion , The Middlesex Regiment ( Duke of Cambridge ' s Own ) , during the First World War . He was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions between 25 and 30 September 1915 at Hooge , Belgium . Citation . He died on 30 September 1915 , and is buried at Bedford House Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery , Zillebeke , near Ypres . Further information . Hallowes ' Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Army Museum , Chelsea , London . He was also a holder of the Military Cross . A peacetime scoutmaster , he is one of 32 Scouting related persons to win the Victoria Cross . There is a memorial to Rupert Hallowes on the ground floor of Neath Port Talbot Hospital at the entrance into ' Out Patients ' .
8 . 8 cm SK L / 45 naval gun The 8 . 8 cm SK L / 45 ( SK - Schnelladekanone ( quick loading cannon ) L - Länge ( with a 45 - caliber barrel ) was a German naval gun that was used in World War I on a variety of mounts . Description . The 8 . 8 cm SK L / 45 gun weighed and had an overall length of about . It used a vertical sliding block , or " wedge " , as it is sometimes referred to , breech design .
30 cm Nebelwerfer 42 The 30 cm Nebelwerfer 42 ( 30 cm NbW 42 ) was a German multiple rocket launcher used in the Second World War . It served with units of the " Nebeltruppen " , the German equivalent of the U . S . Army ' s " Chemical Corps " . Just as the " Chemical Corps " had responsibility for poison gas and smoke weapons that were used instead to deliver high - explosive s during the war so did the " Nebeltruppen " . The name " Nebelwerfer " is best translated as " smoke - thrower " . It saw service from 1943 – 45 in all theaters except Norway and North Africa . Description . The " 30 cm NbW 42 " was a six - barreled rocket launcher mounted on a two - wheeled carriage converted from the launcher for the 28 / 32 cm Nebelwerfer 41 by changing the open metal launcher frame . Its " 30 cm Wurfkörper 42 Spreng ( explosive missile ) " rocket was spin - stabilized and electrically - fired . They had a prominent exhaust trail that kicked up a lot of debris , so the crew had to seek shelter before firing . This meant that they were easily located and had to displace quickly to avoid counter - battery fire . The rockets were fired one at a time , in a timed ripple , but the launcher had no capability to fire single rockets . The same rocket was used in the 30 cm Raketenwerfer 56 launcher . Organization and use . The " 30 cm NbW 42 " was organized into batteries of six launchers with three batteries per battalion . These battalions were concentrated in independent " Werfer - Regiments " and " Brigades " . It saw service on the Eastern Front , Italian Campaign and the defense of France and Germany from 1943 – 45 .
List of special forces units " This list is about military units . For other units , see : Croatia . Croatian Army Military police Police France . Almost all French special forces are attached to the Commandement des Opérations Spéciales ( COS ) . First circle : Second circle : The COS doesn ' t recognize the " second circle " ; it ' s a popular expression employed by members of units of that circle . There isn ' t official text which mentions the second circle . India . Special Air Service ( SAS )
Daisy Turner ( storyteller ) Daisy Turner ( June 21 , 1883 – February 8 , 1988 ) was born in Grafton , Vermont to Alex and Sally Turner , freed slaves . She was famous for her oral recordings of her family ' s history , which can be traced back to Africa and England . Biography . Daisy Turner ' s father , Alexander Turner was a slave who escaped from his plantation at the start of the Civil War , and joined the 1st New Jersey Cavalry of the Union Army . In the spring of 1863 , Turner guided his regiment to his old plantation in Port Royal , Virginia , where he killed his former overseer . After military service , he returned to New England where he worked as a logger . He and his wife Sally had a homestead in Grafton , Vermont where they raised 16 children . His strength was prodigious , and the Grafton Storekeeper once bet that if Alex carried a one hundred fifty pound barrel of flour home ( uphill and over three miles ) without setting it down he could have it for free . Alex went ahead and did so to feed his family but at the same time he was followed by forty or so men who carried their own " little jugs of jimmyjohn and hard cider . . . and after they all got up , they all got drunk . " ( Beck ) A powerful presence , Daisy Turner was proud of her heritage , and was a strong , outspoken woman from childhood to her death at the age of 104 . She is remembered as a gifted storyteller and family historian . The Turner family homestead ( they had 13 children in all ) is located on the " Daisy Turner Loop " , a biking trail near Grafton Pond . She had been a " striking beauty in her youth , with high cheekbones and deep - set eyes " ( Beck ) and led an exciting life , many of the details of which have been recorded carefully . Daisy can be seen reciting Civil War poetry , at the remarkable age of 104 , in Ken Burns ' critically acclaimed PBS documentary , " The Civil War " . One of Turner ' s favorite personal stories , which she recounted often , involved a school pageant when Turner was about eight years old . In the pageant , Turner ' s teacher had instructed Turner to recite a poem with a black doll , but at the last minute , Turner resisted and spontaneously made up her own poem . This story became the subject of a children ' s book by Michael Medearis and Angela Shelf Medearis , and receives scholarly attention in " Racial Innocence : Performing American Childhood from Slavery to Civil Rights , " by Robin Bernstein . Daisy Turner ' s story continues to attract wide attention as part of an effort to preserve the folk history of Vermont and the United States .
Vekha Vekha was a military transport ship of the Black Sea Fleet that briefly joined the " Potemkin " mutiny . It was commanded by a colonel , Baron P P Eikhen . On ( the second day of the mutiny ) , " Vekha " approached Odessa where the mutineers were burying their fallen leader Grigory Vakulinchuk . Eikhen was unaware of the mutiny so he obeyed a semaphore message telling him to come aboard . Fifteen armed sailors arrested him . He dropped his sabre and was locked up with the officers . The remaining two officers and the doctor were signaled to come aboard , and after their arrest " Vekha " was ordered to stay by the battleship . The revolutionaries then took it over easily . Its 60 sailors pleaded successfully for the officers ' lives , and the officers were set ashore with the others in Odessa . " Vekha " abandoned the mutineers after the battleship did the same on the evening of .
Alfred Eick Alfred Eick ( born 9 March 1916 ) is a former German U - boat commander and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership in World War II . He was born in Essen and lives in Bielefeld today . At the 25 anniversary of Eick ' s sinking of the SS Point Pleasant Park , the surviving crew created a monument to those that died in Point Pleasant Park , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada . Eick sent $ 30 ( $ 180 in 2013 ) for a wreath to be placed at the base of the monument . Summary of career . Ships attacked . As a U - boat commander of Alfred Eick is credited with the sinking of eight ships for a total of , one auxiliary warship of , damaging one ship of , and severely damaging one ship that it was considered a total loss of .
Thomas W . Stivers Private Thomas W . Stivers ( July 15 , 1850 — June 28 , 1877 ) , also known under the name Thomas " Tom " Stevens or Stevers , was an American soldier in the U . S . Army who served with the 7th U . S . Cavalry during the Great Sioux War of 1876 - 77 . One of twenty - four men to be awarded the Medal of Honor for gallantry at the Battle of the Little Bighorn on June 25 , 1876 , Stivers was among the soldiers who volunteered to carry water from the Little Bighorn River to the wounded on Reno Hill and awarded the Medal of Honor in 1878 . He and two other fellow Kentuckians , Privates William M . Harris and George D . Scott , received the MOH for their role in the battle though Stivers received his posthumously . Biography . Thomas W . Stivers was born in Madison County , Kentucky on July 15 , 1850 , and later moved to Mt . Vernon where he worked as a clerk . Stivers and the other Little Big Horn water carriers faced great danger , especially with Sioux braves hidden in bushes along the river , and at least one of the soldiers was wounded in an ambush . He and the rest of the water carriers were cited for gallantry , along with five others for direct combat actions , and awarded the Medal of Honor two years after the battle though Stivers received his posthumously . Stivers was discharged on August 5 , 1876 , while encamped with his unit at the mouth of Rosebud Creek in the Montana Territory , and returned to Kentucky where he attempted to go into business for himself . He died a less than a year later , murdered over a business dispute , in Kingston on June 28 , 1877 , at age 27 . Stivers was buried in the city cemetery of nearby Richmond , Kentucky . Stivers was one of three Kentuckians , along with Privates William M . Harris and George D . Scott , who were awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions during the battle , and as such , they have received special honors by their home state . Their role at the Little Big Horn is mentioned on a marker at the Richmond Cemetery where Stivers and Harris ( both Marion County natives ) are buried , though the location of Scott ' s gravesite is unknown . Kentucky Highway 1295 , a state highway which runs through Kirksville to Garrard County , was later designated as the Harris - Scott - Stivers Memorial Highway . On June 26 , 1999 , a special commemoration ceremony to honor Kentucky ' s Medal of Honor winners was held for Stivers , Harris and Scott , at the Blue Grass Army Depot in Richmond ; they were also listed at the Kentucky Medal of Honor Memorial in Louisville . Ten years later , the Richmond Register began profiling Stivers and other local MOH winners . On June 25 , 2010 , the Richmond Register published a second story honoring the men on the 134th anniversary of the battle . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , Company D , 7th U . S . Cavalry . Place and date : At Little Big Horn , Mont . , 25 – 26 June 1876 . Entered service at : Mt . Vernon , Ky . Birth : Madison County , Ky . Date of issue : 5 October 1878 . Citation : Voluntarily brought water to the wounded under fire .
Battle of Racławice The Battle of Racławice was one of the first battles of the Polish Kościuszko Uprising against Russia . It was fought on 4 April 1794 near the village of Racławice in Lesser Poland . The Polish forces prepared for the battle were relatively small . The Polish Order of Battle was as follows : In addition , Lesser Poland fielded approximately 2 , 000 peasants armed with war scythe s and pikes , known as kosynierzy , as well as 11 cannon . The outcome of the battle was a tactical Polish victory , with Kościuszko defeating the numerically inferior enemy . However , his forces were too small to undertake a successful pursuit , and the Corps of General Denisov evaded destruction and continued to operate in Lesser Poland . The victory was subsequently promoted in Poland as a major success and helped in spreading the Kościuszko Uprising to other areas of Poland and instigating the Warsaw Uprising of 1794 . Also , the participation of peasant volunteers was seen by many as the starting point of the political evolution of Polish peasantry from serfs to equally entitled citizens of the nation . After the battle , Kościuszko paraded before his troops in a " sukmana " , a traditional attire worn in Lesser Poland , in honour of the bravery of the peasants , whose charge ensured the quick capture of the Russian artillery . He also praised Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki , a peasant who was the first to capture the cannon ( he is visible in Matejko ' s painting , above ) . He smothered its fuse with his hat before it fired . In return he received an award of nobility . Both the red cap worn by his soldiers and the homemade war scythes were later featured on the emblem of the 303rd Polish Fighter Squadron which took part in the Battle of Britain .
Spanish ship Infanta ( 1750 ) Infanta was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the Spanish Navy , launched in 1750 . She was captured by the Royal Navy on 13 August 1762 , and commissioned as the third rate HMS " Infanta " . She was sold out of the navy in 1775 .
Federal Stock Number The Federal Stock Number ( FSN ) was the codification system used by the U . S . federal government from 1957 to 1974 . It was 11 digits long . The first four digits were the Federal Supply Classification Group ( FSCG ) code . This relates the item to the Federal Supply Group ( FSG ; digits 1 & 2 ) and Federal Supply Classification ( FSC ; digits 3 & 4 ) of similar items that it belongs to . The next seven digits were the unique item ' s serial number . It was designed to simplify and standardize the cataloging of common items in use by the Department of Defense . It replaced the earlier hodgepodge of cataloging systems in use . The " Standard Nomenclature List " ( SNL ) was created by the US Army Ordnance Corps in the mid - 1920s and was used until 1958 . The " Ammunition Identification Code " ( AIC ) was a sub - set of the SNL concerning munitions and explosives . The SNL and AIC were listed in the " Ordnance Supply Catalog " , which was managed by the US Army Ordnance Corps . The " Quartermaster Stock Number " ( QSN ) , which codified items by government contract number , was created by the Treasury Department in 1943 ; it was used by the US Army Quartermaster Corps officially from 1946 to 1956 . The Medical Departments of the Army , Navy and Air Force each had their own systems as well . The first attempt at an inter - service system was the Army - Navy Munitions Board , which would procure common items for the Army , Navy , and Marine Corps . Items received the prefix " AN / " ( for " Army & Navy " ) to indicate their common use ( and procured items like radios and some hand - grenades still do to this day ) . This existed from 1940 to 1942 before falling into a deep bureaucratic hibernation until 1945 . In 1946 , it was renamed the Defense Munitions Board . In 1947 they created the Cataloging Agency , a subordinate entity in charge of managing the Joint Army - Navy Catalog System . The Cataloging Agency began using the Federal Stock Number system for the first time in 1949 ( though not referred to as such ) , but the other systems were still in use . The use of a centralized system for defense procurement and issue was approved on July 1 , 1952 with the passing of the " Defense Cataloging And Standardization Act " ( Public Law 82 - 436 ) The first comprehensive Federal Catalog , which listed items by their FSN , was created in 1957 . In 1958 , the Armed Forces Supply Support Center ( AFSSC ) was created to manage the Federal Catalog . The Federal Stock Number was officially replaced by the National Stock Number ( NSN ) beginning on September 30 , 1974 . The National Stock Number was the same number as the FSN , plus the two - digit National Codification Bureau ( NCB ) " Country Code " added between the FSCG code and the item code . The US government added the code numbers " 00 " in the place of the NCB digits to all FSN numbers to create compliant American NSN numbers .
Winged helmet A winged helmet is a helmet decorated with wings , usually on both sides . Ancient depictions of the god Mercury and of Roma depict them wearing winged helmets , however in the 19th century the winged helmet became widely used to depict ancient Celtic , Germanic and Viking warriors . It was also used in romantic illustrations of legendary Norse gods and heroes . The motif , along with the Horned helmet , became a clichéd signifier of the " barbarian " Northern warrior . Historical evidence . There is some limited evidence of such decorative motifs being used on actual helmets in the ancient world , but these may have functioned as ceremonial rather than functional objects . Attic helmet s decorated with wings of sheet bronze were worn by the Samnites and other Italian peoples before their conquest by Rome . A number of such helmets have been excavated and can be seen in various museums . Helmets decorated with animal motifs , no doubt including wings , were described by Diodorus Siculus as being worn by Celts . " On their heads they wear bronze helmets which possess large projecting figures lending the appearance of enormous stature to the wearer . In some cases horns form one part with the helmet , while in other cases it is relief figures of the foreparts of birds or quadrupeds . " An actual example of this type of Celtic helmet was discovered in Romania , dating to the third century BCE : it has a high - mounted crest formed as a bird , possibly an eagle or a raven , with large wings spread out to either side . The crest was cunningly made , the wings articulated at the body so that they would have flapped up and down as the wearer moved . Today this kind of helmet is commonly believed to have been worn by the Celts . The Celts , however , mostly wore plainer helmets of conical or sub - conical shape , such as the ' Montefortino ' type later adopted by the Romans . The ancient depictions of Mercury with a winged helmet are taken to symbolize speed . In modern comic book mythology , this has evolved into the wings present in the helmet or head - portion of the costume of various versions of The Flash .
St . Vincent - class battleship The " St . Vincent " - class battleships consisted of three ships of the Royal Navy laid down in 1908 , and completed between May 1909 and April 1910 . They were " St . Vincent " , " Collingwood " , and " Vanguard " . " Vanguard " was destroyed in an ammunition explosion , probably due to bagged cordite . Visually , they were very difficult to distinguish from the " Bellerophon " s . The major innovation in this class was the adoption of longer 50 calibre main armament , increased from the 45 calibre fitted to previous classes . Design . The selection of a gun five feet longer than before necessitated a hull ten feet longer between " X " and " Y " turrets to maintain clearance between the guns and the superstructure . The longer hull required an extra beam of 18 inches to maintain the correct hull form ratios . This produced a general scaling - up of 650 tons over the preceding class . Armor distribution was slightly changed . The inadequate 10 inch thickness for the main belt was retained , but lengthened slightly . Maximum main deck armour thickness was slightly increased , but in compensation middle deck thickness had to be reduced . The power plant was also increased over the previous class , resulting in a design speed ¼ knot faster than before . But in practice , the difference was marginal . In service , the 50 calibre Mark XI was not considered a success . In exchange for a very slightly superior penetrating performance , it suffered from excessive barrel droop and bore erosion . Secondary armament was also increased from 16 to 20 four - inch ( 102 mm ) guns . These ships were the last British ships with symmetrically placed wing turrets . The following " Neptune " class had a staggered wing turret arrangement in an attempt to get a 10 - gun broadside .
USS LST - 374 USS " LST - 374 " was one of over 1 , 000 tank landing ships ( LSTs ) built for the United States Navy during World War II . Laid down on 12 November 1942 at Quincy , Massachusetts by the Bethlehem Steel Company ; launched on 19 January 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . Victor D . Herbster ; and commissioned on 29 January 1943 . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 374 " participated in the Allied invasion of Sicily in July and August 1943 and the invasion of Normandy in June 1944 . Decommissioned 29 May 1945 at Baltimore , Maryland , the ship was redesignated USS " Minerva " ( ARL - 47 ) 29 May 1945 . Conversion to a landing craft repair ship commenced on 30 May 1945 at the Maryland Drydock Company of Baltimore ; the conversion was subsequently canceled 11 September 1945 and the ship reverted to " LST - 374 " . Struck from the Naval Vessel Register 12 March 1946 , the tank landing ship was sold to A . G . Schoonmaker for conversion to merchant service 14 January 1947 . " LST - 374 " earned two battle star s for World War II service .
Bronco Lane Major Michael Patrick ' Bronco ' Lane BEM , MM ( born 1945 ) is a former British Army officer and author , known for his climbing expeditions which led to his summiting Mount Everest in 1976 . Background . Born in 1945 in Manchester , Lane attended the Ullswater Outward Bound School in 1960 and joined Junior Leaders Royal Artillery in 1961 . He volunteered for service in the 7th Parachute Regiment Royal Horse Artillery in 1964 and was selected for the Special Air Service in 1967 . He fought in the Aden Emergency , Oman and in Northern Ireland where he was awarded the Military Medal . Mountaineering . Bronco joined the Army Mountaineering Association ( AMA ) in 1968 and took part in AMA expeditions to the Canadian Arctic in 1972 , Indian Himalayas in 1973 , Nuptse , Nepal in 1975 . 1976 saw him joining a joint British - Nepalese Army expedition to Everest under the command of Lt . Col Tony Streather . The expedition succeeded in putting Lane and fellow SAS colleague Brummie Stokes on the summit on May 16 . After summiting Lane and Stokes were caught by bad weather and were forced to abandon their descent . The pair bivouacked in a snow hole near the South Summit for the night . Stokes tried and failed to attach an oxygen bottle to his face - mask . Lane had to remove his glove to attach the bottle but after an hour his hand was frozen . After the night in the open both men ' s feet were badly . Back home in England doctors attempted to save the men ' s toes but the condition of their feet deteriorated in the summer heat . Eventually he felt a tingling sensation in his foot and after removing his dressing found maggot s in one of his toes which he removed with a cocktail stick . Lane lost his toes as well as the thumb and top halves of his fingers on his right hand . He continued mountaineering , climbing in the Canadian Rockies in 1978 - 9 and Mount Kenya in 1983 . In 1984 he led an expedition to Everest Tibet and was deputy leader of the Joint Services Everest Nepal 1992 . He has also been involved with several Antarctica expeditions . Bronco ' s digits . Lane had his five fingers and 10 toes preserved in formaldehyde and kept them behind the regimental mess . When the National Army Museum approached him seeking items to commemorate his climb in 1976 Lane presented them with his severed digits together with an ice axe he used during his climb . Lane stated at the time that " I don ' t think it was quite what they were expecting . . . but I haven ' t got any use for them any more and I thought it would be nice to see them exhibited . " The toes were not in good enough condition to be exhibited but the fingers were placed on display on a wooden plinth .
20th Mountain Army ( Wehrmacht ) The German Lapland Army ( " AOK Lappland " ) was one of the two army echelon headquarters controlling German troops in the far north of Norway and Finland during World War II . It was established in January 1942 , and redesignated as the 20th Mountain Army ( " 20 . Gebirgsarmee " ) in June 1942 . On 18 December 1944 , the 20th Mountain Army absorbed the German 21st Army . Units . April 1942 Supporting Units ~