Second Army Corps The Second Army Corps was a unit of the United States Army raised for the Spanish American War . A defining event of the Spanish American War was the typhoid fever epidemic of July to November 1898 . The Army consequently undertook a series of mass - retreats and attempted evasions . The Typhoid Board concluded that only one of the five army corps stricken with epidemic typhoid succeeded in suppressing the disease actively , the 2nd Army Corps . In the wake of two fruitless relocations and months of casualties , commanders finally managed to impose an effective latrine - policy . A three - part strategy of draconian defecation - management , mass - disinfection , and flight received the Typhoid Board ’ s imprimatur as the principal , recommended method for suppressing existing epidemics . 2d Army Corps . The Second Army Corps was constituted May 7 , 1898 , and on May 16 , 1898 Maj . Gen . William M . Graham was assigned to the command and the troops which were to compose the corps were ordered to Camp Alger . After the declaration of war McKinley revised that arrangement and approved the organization of eight army corps , each of which was to consist of three or more divisions of three brigades each . Each brigade was to have approximately 3 , 600 officers and enlisted men organized into three regiments and , with three such brigades , each division was to total about 11 , 000 officers and men . Thus the division was to be about the same size as the division of 1861 , but army corps were to be larger . The division staff initially was to have an adjutant general , quartermaster , commissary , surgeon , inspector general , and engineer , with an ordnance officer added later . The brigade staff was identical except that no inspector general or ordnance officer was authorized . In mid - May the volunteers were moved to a few large unfinished camps in the South , and when they arrived only seven instead of the eight projected army corps were organized . Two army corps , the Fourth and Fifth consisted of regulars and volunteers , while the others like the Second Corps were made up of volunteers . Before the new army completed its organization and training , it was thrust into combat . About two - thirds of Fifth Army Corps , one dismounted cavalry and two infantry divisions , sailed for Cuba in June 1898 . Expeditions also were mounted for Puerto Rico and the Philippine Islands ( Eighth Corps ) in which partial army corps provided the troops . Corps headquarters . The following troops were attached to Corps Headquarters : 6th company U . S . V . Signal Corps . The 11th Company , U . S . V . Signal Corps , Capt . Carl F . Hartmand , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , July 13 , 1898 , with a strength of 3 officers and 56 enlisted men . The Squadron New York Volunteer Cavalry ( Troops A and C ) , Capt . Bertram T . Clayton , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 22 , 1898 , with a strength of four officers and 180 enlisted men . This squadron served in Puerto Rico during August 1898 with the Squadron Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry . The Squadron Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry , Capt . John C . Groome . Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , July 8 , 1898 , with a strength of 9 officers and 287 enlisted men . Which consisted of The Governor ' s Troop , The Sheridan Troop , and the First Troop , Philadelphia City Cavalry , all of which served in Puerto Rico during August 1898 with the Squadron New York Volunteer Cavalry . The 9th Battalion Ohio V . I . , from 1st Brigade to Corps Headquarters Guards ( Colored Troops / African American ) Reserve Hospital Company . 1st Division . Brigadier General Francis L . Guenther , U . S . Vols . , who had joined the troops at Camp Alger about the 15th of May , 1898 , was assigned to the Command of the 1st Division . Being absent on sick leave at the time of the arrival of Major General Matthew C . Butler , U . S . V . , Brigadier General Guenther was relieved from the Command of the 1st Division and assigned to the Command of the 3rd Division . On September 15 , 1898 , Samuel B . M . Young , Major General of United States Volunteers took command of the division . 1st Brigade , 1st Division . Brigadier General Joseph W . Plume U . S . V . The troops assigned to the 1st Brigade , 1st Division at various times are the following : The 1st Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Edward A . Campbell , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 21 , 1898 , with a strength of 51 officers and 933 enlisted men . The 7th Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Arthur L . Hamilton Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 47 officers and 672 enlisted men . The 65th Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Samuel M . Welch , Jr . , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 50 officers and 979 enlisted men . In May 1899 the sixty - fifth regiment , National Guard New York , issued orders constituting the armory a military post and naming it " Camp Joseph W . Plume , " in honor of the commanding general . The 9th Battalion Ohio V . I . , from the 2nd Brigade June 23 , 1898 . ( Colored Troops / African American ) to Corps Headquarters Guards . The 10th Regt . Ohio V . I . , Colonel H . A . Axline , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , August 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 45 officers and 1 , 246 enlisted men . The 1st Regt . Maryland V . I . , Colonel William P . Lane , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 8 , 1898 , with a strength of 44 officers and 1 , 211 enlisted men . The 35th Regt . Mich . Vol . Infy . , Colonel E . M . Irish , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 17 , 1898 , with a strength of 49 officers and 1 , 264 enlisted men . 2nd Brigade , 1st Division . Brigadier General George A . Garretson , U . S . Vols . took command on June 8 , 1898 . The troops assigned to the 2nd Brigade , 1st Division , at various times are as follows : The 6th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry , Colonel D . Jack Foster , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 47 officers and 971 enlisted men . The regiment was mustered into Federal Service at Springfield , Ill . , on May 11 , 1898 ; served in Porto Rico from July 25 , 1898 , until September 7 , 1898 ; and was mustered out of the service of the United States at Springfield , Ill . , on November 25 , 1898 . The 6th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Charles F . Woodward , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 36 officers and 888 enlisted men . The regiment served in Porto Rico from July 25 , 1898 , until September 7 , 1898 . The 8th Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Curtis V . Hard , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 19 , 1898 , with a strength of 50 officers and 837 enlisted men . Nicknamed “ McKinley ’ s Own ” or “ The President ’ s Own ” because three companies were from President William McKinley ’ s hometown of Canton . The regiment served in Porto Rico from July 25 , 1898 , until September 7 , 1898 . The 9th Battalion Ohio V . I . , from 2nd Brigade , 2nd Division June 8 , 1898 , ( Colored Troops / African American ) to 1st Brigade . The 14th Regt . Penna . V . I . , Colonel William J . Glenn , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , August 23 , 1898 , with a strength of 30 officers and 838 enlisted men . The 3rd Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Augustus C . Tyler , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 10 , 1898 , with a strength of 43 officers and 1 , 233 enlisted men . The 202nd Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Steven Y . Seyburne , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 14 , 1898 , with a strength of 42 officers and 1 , 230 enlisted men . 3rd Brigade , 1st Division . Brigadier General John P . S . Gobin , U . S . V . took command on June 24 , 1898 . The troops assigned to 3rd Brigade are the following : The 13th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Henry A . Coursen , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 19 , 1898 , with a strength of 36 officers and 603 enlisted men . The 12th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry , Colonel James B . Coryell Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 19 , 1898 , with a strength of 36 officers and 603 men . The 8th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Theodore F . Hoffmann Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 18 , 1898 , with the strength of 41 officers and 770 men . The 15th Regiment Minnesota , Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Harry A . Leonhaeuser , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 18 , 1898 , with a strength of 46 officers and 1 , 256 enlisted men . 2nd Division . Brigadier General George W . Davis , U . S . Vols . took Command May 29 , 1898 . 1st Brigade , 2nd Division . Brigadier General Mark W . Shaefe , U . S . Vols . took command June 30 , 1898 . The troops assigned to the 1st Brigade were : The 159th Regt . Indiana V . I . , Colonel John T . Barnett , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 24 , 1898 , with a strength of 50 officers and 976 enlisted men . Ordered mustered out and left for State rendezvous Sept . 11 , 1898 , for Indianapolis , Ind . The 22nd Regt . Kansas V . I . , Col . Henry C . Lindsay . Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 28 , 1898 , with a strength of 46 officers and 974 enlisted men . Ordered mustered out and left for State rendezvous September 9 , 1898 , for Fort Leavenworth , Kan . The 3rd Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Edward M . Hoffmann , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 29 , 1898 , with a strength of 44 officers and 973 enlisted men . Ordered mustered out and left for State rendezvous Sept . 12th , 1898 , for Company armories . The 2nd Regt . West Virginia V . I . , Colonel D . T . E . Casteel , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , August 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 44 officers and , 1 , 251 enlisted men . The 18th Pennsylvania V . I . , Colonel Norman M . Smith , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , August 23 , 1898 , with a strength of 34 officers and 838 enlisted men . Ordered mustered out and left for State rendezvous Sept . 11 , 1898 , for Pittsburgh , Pa . The 203rd New York V . I . , Colonel Walter S . Schuyler , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 12 , 1898 , with a strength of 44 officers , 1 , 172 enlisted men . 2nd Brigade , 2nd Division . Colonel John W . Schall , 6th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry took command by May 31 , 1898 The troops assigned to the 2nd Brigade at various times were the following : The 6th Regt . Penna . V . I . , Colonel John W . Schall , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 20 , 1898 , with a strength of 50 officers and 925 enlisted men . The 4th Regt . Missouri V . I . , Colonel Joseph A . Corby , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger . Va . , May 27 , 1898 , with a strength of 42 officers and 975 enlisted men . The 9th Battalion Ohio Volunteer Infantry , ( Colored Troops / African American ) Major Charles Young , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 22 , 1898 , with a strength of 13 officers and 205 enlisted men . to 2nd Brigade , 1st Division . The 7th Regt . Ill . V . I . , Colonel Marcus Kavanaugh , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 30 , 1898 , with a strength of 50 officers and 971 enlisted men . Battalion 16th Regt . Pa . V . I . . Lieut . Col . George C . Rickards , Commanding , joined Camp Meade , Pa . , August 18 , 1898 , with a strength of 13 officers and 455 enlisted men . The 201st Regt . N . Y . V . I . , Colonel Henry H . Hubbell , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 10 , 1898 , with a strength of 41 officers and 1 , 213 enlisted men . The 5th Mass . Vol . Infantry , Colonel J . H . Whitney , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , September 12 , 1898 , with a strength of 42 officers and 1 , 263 enlisted men . 3rd Brigade , 2nd Division . Brigadier General Nelson D . Cole , U . S . V . took command June 20 , 1898 . The troops assigned to the 3rd Brigade , 2nd Division , were the following : 1st Regiment Rhode Island Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Charles W . Abbot , Jr . , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 21 , 1898 , with a strength of 46 officers and 957 enlisted men . To Headquarters . 2nd Army Corps , May 29 , 1898 . The 3rd Regt . Missouri V . I . , Colonel George P . Gross , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . . May 30 , 1898 , with a strength of 49 officers and 975 enlisted men . The 2nd Regt . Tennessee V . I . , Colonel Kellar Anderson , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . . May 30 , 1898 , with a strength of 47 officers and 945 enlisted men . The 1st Regiment Delaware Volunteer Infantry , Colonel J . P . Wickeisham , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , August 21 , 1898 , with a strength of 46 officers and 880 enlisted men . 3rd Division . The 3rd Division of the Corps was never fully organized . On June 7 , 1898 , Brigadier General Francis L . Guenther , U . S . V . , was assigned to the command of the 3rd Division , but he was absent sick since May 25 , 1898 , and never exercised the command . First Brigade . On June 9 the separate brigade was assigned as the First Brigade , Third Division . Separate Brigade . Brigadier General Henry M . Duffield , U . S . V . took Command June 15 , 1898 The troops assigned to the Separate Brigade were the : The 9th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Fred B . Bogan , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , June 1 , 1898 , with a strength of 43 officers and 861 enlisted men . The 33rd Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Charles L . Boynton . Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , May 30 , 1898 , with a strength of 48 officers and 976 enlisted men . The 34th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry , Colonel John P . Peterman . Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . . June 9 , 1898 , with a strength of 46 officers and 979 enlisted men . Second Brigade . Recruit Detachment of the Separate Brigade , Camp Alger , Va . , June 27 , 1898 , after the rest of the Brigade was sent to Cuba . On August 2 , 1898 , the Second Brigade was organized composed of the : 1st Connecticut Volunteer Infantry , Colonel Charles L . Burdett , Commanding , joined at Camp Alger , Va . , July 19 , 1898 , with a strength of 48 officers and 1 , 273 enlisted men . 3rd Virginia Volunteer Infantry . The troops of the Second Brigade were returned to their states for muster out September 7 and 8 . Camps . Camp Alger . Camp Alger was established May 18 , 1898 , near Falls Church , Virginia , and about 1 miles from Dunn Loring . General Graham arrived May 19 and assumed command . The troops commenced arriving the May 18 , and by the last of that month there were 18 , 309 officers and men in camp . On the last day of June there were 23 , 511 officers and men , on the last day of July there were 22 , 180 , on the last day of August the troops present at this camp . Total number of troops that went to Camp Alger 31 , 195 . The number of deaths at Camp Alger from May 18 to October 11 , 1898 was 71 . Typhoid . This death rate is not abnormal , and , judging from it , the locality can not be considered unhealthful . The Seventh Illinois Regiment , which was encamped there during the whole time , lost but one man up to the 14th day of December , a record probably not equaled by any other regiment in the service . The establishment of Camp Alger is justifiable upon the report as to the suitableness of the site , but considering the scarcity of water and the want of facilities for bathing , we are of opinion that it was very undesirable , and was not abandoned too soon . Thoroughfare Gap . On August 2 , 1898 , the 2nd Division of the Second Corps marched to Thoroughfare Gap , 80 miles distant , and remained in camp there for about one month . The number of deaths and at Thoroughfare Gap was 34 . At War . Only two brigades of the 2d Army Corps saw combat in the Spanish American War . They left for Santiago de Cuba to reinforce Gen . Shafter ' s army . An armistice having been reached between the U . S . and Spain ending the war ’ s fighting on August 12 , 1898 . The Separate Brigade , 3rd Division 2d Army Corps , under command of Brigadier General Henry M . Duffield , left Camp Alger June 15 , 1898 . They soon saw action in the Battle of the Aguadores , Cuba . After which the brigade was transferred to the Fifth Army Corps as a provisional brigade , where it remained until the close of the war . The Second Brigade , First Division of the Second Army Corps , commanded by Brigadier General George A . Garretson , left Camp Alger July 5 , 1898 . This brigade was instead sent to fight in the Puerto Rico Campaign in the Battle of Yauco and the Battle of Guayama . Camps cont ' d . Camp Meade . Battalion ( 2 companies ) 2nd Regt . U . S . Vol . Engineers , Capt . A . H . Weber , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , August 12 , 1898 , with a strength of 7 officers and 180 enlisted men . Capt . Weber was made Acting Chief Engineer of the 2nd Army Corps September 17 , 1898 . The 2nd U . S . V . Engineers also built Camp McKenzie , Augusta , Georgia before being sent to Cuba on November 23 , 1898 . Camp Meade was established August 24 , 1898 , near Middletown , Pennsylvania . Early in September the remainder of the corps was transferred to the camp . The number of deaths in this Camp Meade to October 11 , 1898 was 64 . Winter camps . In November Camp Meade was discontinued and the troops not mustered out , distributed to the various camps in the South . The Second Army Corps was directed to hold itself in readiness to proceed to the island of Cuba , with headquarters at Habana ; First and Second Divisions at Habana ; Third Division at Mariel . This order for service in Cuba was not carried out . General Graham was relieved November 2 , 1898 , by Maj . Gen . Samuel B . M . Young , U . S . Volunteers , and the troops were moved to camps in the South , General Young making his headquarters at Augusta , Ga . , the distribution being as follows : Camp McKenzie . Camp McKenzie , Augusta , Georgia , was originally named Camp S . B . M . Young , after Major General Samuel B . M . Young , U . S . Vols , Commanding Second Army Corps , who had a leadership role in the operations around Santiago . He was to be the camp ’ s commanding officer . Headquarters Second Army Corps First Division Headquarters First Brigade , First Division 10th Ohio , 1st Maryland , and 3rd Michigan Third Brigade First Division 13th Pennsylvania , 8th Pennsylvania , 15th Minnesota Camp Fornance . Camp Fornance , Columbia , South Carolina , was named for Captain James Fornance of the 13th United States Infantry Regiment who was mortally wounded on July 1 , 1898 , near Santiago , Cuba , and died of his wounds on July 3 . The Camp was abandoned in March 1899 . Third Brigade , Second Division , 1st Rhode Island , 2nd Tennessee , 1st Delaware Camp Marion . Camp Marion , Summerville , South Carolina , was named after Brigadier General Francis " Swamp Fox " Marion of the Revolutionary War . Second Brigade , First Division 14th Pennsylvania , 3rd Connecticut , and 9th Ohio ( Battalion ) Camp Wetherill . Camp Wetherill , Greenville , South Carolina , was established in November 1898 , was named for one of the first soldiers killed at the Battle of San Juan Hill , Alexander M . Wetherill . Headquarters Second Division First Brigade , Second Division , 203rd New York , 2nd West Virginia , 4th New Jersey First and Second Brigades of the Second Division , Second Army Corps were designated as the 3rd Division of the 5th Army Corps , but was later reassigned to the 2nd Army Corps . Camp at Spartanburg . Spartanburg , South Carolina Second Brigade , Second Division 4th Missouri , 5th Massachusetts , 201st New York and was later transferred to Camp Wetherill . Camp Haskell . Camp Haskell , Athens , Georgia . Headquarters Third Division Brig . Gen . George M . Randall , U . S . Volunteers . First Brigade , Third Division Brig . Gen . William C . Oates , U . S . Volunteers . The 15th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry , Colonel William A . Kreps , Commanding , joined at Camp Meade , Pa . , Sept . 10th , 1898 , with a strength of 36 officers and 819 enlisted men . 3rd New Jersey Volunteer Infantry The 202nd Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry . Second Brigade , Third Division 3rd Georgia Volunteer Infantry 22nd New York Volunteer Infantry Dicontinued January 21 , 1899 . First Separate Brigade . January 16 , 1899 , the troops at Macon , Ga . , and the troops at Albany , Ga . , were made a separate brigade of the Second Corps . Under the command of Brig . Gen . Royal T . Frank , U . S . Volunteers . 2nd U . S . Infantry 3rd Alabama Volunteer Infantry 2nd Arkansas Volunteer Infantry 4th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Second Separate Brigade . Under the command of Brig . Gen . William J . McKee , U . S . Volunteers 3rd U . S . Volunteer Engineers 7th U . S . Volunteer Infantry 10th U . S . Volunteer Infantry 3rd Mississippi Volunteer Infantry 2nd Missouri Volunteer Infantry Disbanded . February 1 , 1899 , the Second Army Corps was ordered to be reorganized and consolidated into two camps , one at Augusta , Ga . , and one at Greenville , S . C . , the corps to consist of three separate brigades . General Young remained in command until May 3 , 1899 , when the Second Corps was discontinued , all of its subdivisions having been disbanded . Second Corps Badge . General Orders No . 99 , War Department , Adjutant - general ' s Office , Washington , July 15 , 1898 . When the land forces of the United States are organized into army corps , divisions , and brigades , the same will be designated by the following symbols , flags , and pennants , and badges , made according to description and designs in the office of the Quartermaster - General : Symbols . Second Corps , a four - leaf clover . The corps symbol is worn by enlisted men in the form of a small badge on the front of the campaign hat or in the center of the crown or the forage cap , and upon the left breast by officers . It is of felt of the color designating the division to which the wearer belongs . Officers and enlisted men belonging to a corps and not attached to a division will wear the corps symbol , of the proper size , In red , bordered in white one - sixteenth of an inch and edged in blue one - thirty - second of an inch . If preferred , officers and enlisted men are authorized to wear the proper badge made of gold or yellow metal enameled in the proper colors .