naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Stephen Cassin Stephen Cassin ( 16 February 1783 – 29 August 1857 ) was an officer in the United States Navy . Born in Philadelphia , the son of naval officer John Cassin , Cassin entered the United States Navy as a midshipman in 1800 , and served in Philadelphia in the West Indies during the latter part of the Quasi - War with France . In the War of 1812 , he commanded the USS " Ticonderoga " in the Battle of Lake Champlain and was awarded a gold medal for bravery by the United States Congress . He later served during the Second Barbary War on the " USS Peacock " and in the West Indies Squadron against piracy . Captain Cassin died in Washington , D . C . . He was buried in Washington , but later moved to Arlington National Cemetery . Text of Congressional Gold Medal resolution : Namesakes . Two ships have been named USS " Cassin " for him . Fort Cassin in Vermont
57th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron The 57th Reconnaissance Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force Reserve squadron . Its last assignment was with the 9th Weather Reconnaissance Wing , based at Hickam Air Force Base , Hawaii . The unit was inactivated on November 10 , 1969 . History . Activated in early 1943 under Fourth Air Force ; spent World War II in the United States as an Operational Training Unit ( OTU ) , initially equipped with P - 39 Aircobra s for advanced fighter training . Reassigned to Third Air Force in 1944 , becoming a Replacement Training Unit ( RTU ) for A - 36 Apache fighter - dive bomber ground attack aircraft . Reassigned to Stuttgart AAB , Arkansas in 1945 and realigned into a long - range strategic weather reconnaissance squadron , training with B - 25 Mitchell s and long - ranger P - 61C Black Widow Night Fighters modified for weather reconnaissance missions . Reassigned to Rapid City AAB , South Dakota in late 1945 , using P - 61Cs as part of a NACA / Air Weather Service Thunderstorm Project to learn more about thunderstorms and to use this knowledge to better protect civil and military airplanes that operated in their vicinity . The P - 61 ' s radar and particular flight characteristics enabled it to find and penetrate the most turbulent regions of a storm , and return crew and instruments intact for detailed study . Inactivated in 1946 as part of the general demobilization of the AAF . Reactivated as part of Strategic Air Command in 1951 in Alaska , Equipped with very long range WB - 29 Superfortress es 1951 , upgrading to extended long - range WB - 50D Superfortress es in 1956 . Conducted long - range weather flights over the Arctic and along the northern periphery of the Soviet Union ; the aircraft being equipped with sensors for detecting radioactive debris to gather evidence when the Soviets tested nuclear devices . Inactivated in 1958 as part of the phaseout of the WB - 50s from SAC and development of faster jet aircraft for the long - range intelligence mission . Reactivated in 1962 at Kirtland AFB , New Mexico . Beginning in 1963 began to be equipped with new high - altitude reconnaissance RB - 57F Canberra aircraft modified for high altitude , long range intelligence gathering , assigned to the meteorological role . Part of their duties involved high - altitude atmospheric sampling and radiation detection work in support of nuclear test monitoring . Over the next decade the RB - 57Fs were flown on a worldwide basis at very high altitudes at high speeds ; the squadron being reassigned to Australia , then to Hawaii . Stress cracks began appearing in the wing spars and ribs of the RB - 57Fs after a few years of service . Some were sent to General Dynamics for repairs . By 1969 the aircraft were basically worn out and they were flown to Davis - Monthan for storage . Squadron was then inactivated . WC - 130B Herkules 1963
V1 - class destroyer The Greek V - class destroyers were ordered from Germany in 1912 . Their sister ships , the V - 1 through V - 6 served as V - class destroyers in the Kaiserliche Marine . They had assigned German numbers V - 5 and V - 6 , but were purchased before entering service in the German Navy , from the German shipyard Vulcan AG in Stettin , when the Balkan Wars were underway ( they were replaced in the German service with another V - 5 and V - 6 ) . They were the first ships of the fleet that had steam turbines . Later , during World War I , Greece belatedly entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente and , due to Greece ' s neutrality the two Ex - German V Class ships were seized by the Allies in October , 1916 , taken over by the French in November and served in the French Navy from 1917 – 18 . By 1918 , they were back on escort duty under Greek colors , mainly in the Aegean Sea . The two ships were stricken in 1919 and scrapped in 1922 .
31st Air Division The 31st Air Division ( 31st AD ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with Air Defense Command , assigned to Tenth Air Force , being stationed at Sioux City Municipal Airport , Iowa . It was inactivated on 31 December 1969 . History . Assigned to Air Defense Command ( ADC ) for most of its existence , the division equipped , administered , trained , and provided combat ready forces within an area covering North Dakota , South Dakota , Nebraska , Minnesota , and other parts of the Midwest . The division participated in numerous live and simulated exercises such as Creek Chief , Pawnee Knife , and Mandan Hunt Later , beginning in 1966 , the 31st assumed responsibility for the former Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector and covered an area including Texas , Oklahoma , Arkansas , and Louisiana . Assumed additional designation of 31st NORAD Region after activation of the NORAD Combat Operations Center at Cheyenne Mountain , Colorado and reporting was transferred to NORAD from ADC at Ent AFB in April 1966 . Inactivated in December 1969 as ADC phased down its interceptor mission as the chances of a Soviet bomber attack on the United States seemed remote , its mission being consolidated into North American Aerospace Defense Command ( NORAD ) .
LUGM - 145 The LUGM - 145 was an Iraqi produced naval moored contact mine . The mine had a 145 kilogram explosive warhead . In 1991 , struck one of the mines , losing a third of its fuel , and sustaining damage that would cost 3 . 5 million US dollars to repair .
Operation Eisenhammer Operation Eisenhammer ( German ; in English " Operation Iron Hammer " ) was a planned strategic bombing operation against power generators near Moscow and Gorky in the Soviet Union which was planned by Nazi Germany during World War II but eventually abandoned . The plan of the operation was created in 1943 by Professor Heinrich Steinmann ( 1899 – 1969 ) , an official at the Reich Air Ministry . A bombing raid was to destroy twelve turbines in water and steam power - plants near Moscow , Gorky , Tula , Stalinogorsk and under the Rybinsk Reservoir , as well as to attack certain substations , transmission lines and factories . If the attack were to succeed in destroying just two thirds of the turbines it would have knocked out about 75 percent of the power used by the Soviet defence industry . Only two smaller energy centers behind the Urals and in the Soviet Far East would have been left intact . At this time the Soviet Union had no turbine manufacturing capabilities and the only repair facility ( in Leningrad ) had been heavily damaged . To accomplish the goal Mistel long range bombers were to be employed . To destroy water turbines special floating mines called " Sommerballon " ( " summer balloon " ) were to be dropped into the water and then pulled by the current straight into the turbines . Due to the shortage of bombers and fuel , technical problems with the floating mine , and the Red Army overrunning advance bases , the plan was postponed repeatedly . In February 1945 , however , Eisenhammer was resurrected , and Kampfgeschwader 200 assembled scout planes and about 100 Mistels near Berlin and waited for favourable weather to attack the plants around Moscow . After a US air raid on the primary Rechlin " Erprobungstelle " military aviation test headquarters facility , which destroyed 18 Mistels , the plan was postponed again and shortly afterwards finally dropped .
Hans - Detloff von Cossel Hans - Detloff von Cossel ( 1 July 1916 – 22 July 1943 ) was a highly decorated " Major " in the " Wehrmacht " during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . " Major " von Cossel was killed in action near Orel during Operation Kutuzov and was posthumously awarded Oak Leaves .
Siege of Akhoulgo The Siege of Akhoulgo ( also known as the Siege of Akhulgo ) took place from June to August 1839 during the Caucasian War , when the Imperial Russian army ( approx . 7 , 000 soldiers ) under the command of Generals Yevgeny Golovin and Pavel Grabbe surrounded Imam Shamil and his followers , numbering about 5 , 000 men , in their mountain stronghold of Akhoulgo , nestled in the bend of the Andiyskoye Koysu River , about ten miles east of Gimry , Dagestan . The Russians attacked Akhoulgo four times , but to no avail . The siege lasted eighty days ( from June 12 to August 22 ) because the aul represented a very arduous mountain stronghold ( one of the slopes of Mt . Akhoulgo had a 50 - degree steepness and was about 100 meters in height ) . The Russians finally managed to break down the resistance of the mountaineers after bombarding the stronghold with heavy artillery and then undertook a fifth attack on the aul , securing a victory . The Russians suffered about 2 , 500 casualties in taking the stronghold , while the rebels were almost entirely slaughtered after extremely bitter fighting ( which continued for another week after the capturing of Akhoulgo ) . Shamil and a small party of his closest followers , including some family , miraculously managed to escape to Chechnya through the Russian siege lines during the final days at Akhoulgo . Following his escape , he once again set about regaining his following and resisting the Russian occupation . The participants of the siege of Akhoulgo were later awarded a special medal inscribed " For Capturing of Akhoulgo " ( " За взятие штурмом Ахульго " ) .
Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki ( 1787 - 1860 ) was a Polish general , Commander - in - Chief of the November Uprising ( 1830 - 1831 ) . He was born in Żebrak , Siedlce County in 1787 . After completing his education at the Lwów University , he entered the Polish Legion formed in the Duchy of Warsaw , as a common soldier and won his lieutenancy at the Battle of Raszyn in 1809 . At the Battle of Leipzig he greatly distinguished himself and at Arcis - sur - Aube , in 1814 , saved Napoleon from the sudden onslaught of the enemy by sheltering him in the midst of his battalion . On the formation of the Kingdom of Poland in 1815 Skrzynecki was put in command of five infantry regiments of the line , and on joining the insurrection of 1830 was entrusted with the organization of the Polish army . After the Battle of Grochow , he superseded Prince Michał Gedeon Radziwiłł as commander in chief ; but avoided all decisive operations as he hoped for the pacific intervention of the lowers in favor of Poland . In the beginning of March 1831 he even entered into correspondence with the Russia n Field - marshal Hans Karl von Diebitsch , who was taken very ill both at Paris and London . When , at last Skrzynecki had to take the offensive his opportunity was gone , and he committed more than one tactical blunder . In the battle of Ostrołęka ( 26 May 1831 ) he showed his usual valour and considerable ability , but after a bloody contest Diebitsch prevailed and Skrzynecki fell back upon Warsaw , where he demanded a reconstruction of the government and his own appointment as dictator . To this the diet would not consent , though it gave Skrzynecki a vote of confidence . But public opinion was now running strongly against him and he was forced on the 10th of August , in his camp at Bolimów , to place his resignation in the hands of his successor , Henryk Dembiński . Skrzynecki thereupon joined a guerrilla corps and on the 22nd of September took refuge in Austrian territory . Subsequently he resided at Prague , but migrated to Brussels where he was made commander in chief of the Belgian army , an appointment he was forced to resign by the combined - and emphatic protest of Russia , Austria and Prussia , in - 1839 . With the permission of the Austrian government he finally settled at Kraków , where he died in 1860 . Polish historian , Jerzy Łojek , supposed that Skrzynecki was a traitor ( see : Szanse Powstania Listopadowego ) . Skrzynecki was remarkable for his personal courage and made an excellent general of division , but be was unequal to the heavier responsibility of supreme command , and did much harm in that capacity by his irresolution . He wrote " Two Victorious Days " ( Warsaw , 1831 ) ; and " Mes Erreurs " ( Paris , 1835 ) .
RAF High Ercall Royal Air Force Station High Ercall or more simply RAF High Ercall is a former Royal Air Force station situated near the village of High Ercall , seven miles northeast of Shrewsbury , Shropshire , England . History . From 1942 the base was also used by the United States Army 8th Air Force ' s 309 Fighter Squadron . Current use . The majority of the runways have been removed leaving only small tracks however nine hangars still are present spread out over the site and near a local village . A local Wartime Aircraft Recovery Group also occupies a section of the site .
USS West View ( 1918 ) USS " West View , also spelled Westview " , was a cargo ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919 . SS " West View " was built in 1918 as a commercial cargo ship at Portland , Oregon by the Northwest Steel Company for the United States Shipping Board . Although she was never assigned a naval registry identification number , she was delivered to the Navy on 21 November 1918 and commissioned the same day as USS " West View " at Puget Sound Navy Yard in Bremerton , Washington . Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service , " West View " departed the United States West Coast with a cargo of 7 , 200 tons of flour . Voyaging via the Panama Canal , she arrived at New York City on 12 January 1919 . After this lone voyage , " West View " was decommissioned at New York City on 20 January 1919 and was transferred to the United States Shipping Board and stricken from the Navy List the same day . Once again SS " West View " , she lay in reserve in the James River in Virginia in the custody of the U . S . Shipping Board and its successor , the United States Maritime Commission until ca . 1938 , when she probably was scrapped due to age and deterioration .
USS Dobler ( DE - 48 ) USS Dobler ( DE - 48 ) was an Evarts class destroyer escort constructed for the United States Navy during World War II . She was sent off into dangerous North Atlantic Ocean waters to protect convoys and other ships from German submarines and fighter aircraft . She performed escort and antisubmarine operations in battle areas before sailing home victorious at the end of the conflict . She was launched on 24 July 1942 as BDE - 48 by Philadelphia Navy Yard , intended for transfer to Great Britain ; retained for use by the United States ; and commissioned on 17 May 1943 , Lieutenant Commander A . J . Smith in command . Service history . World War II . " Dobler " voyaged to Port Arthur , Texas , on escort duty from 15 – 28 July 1943 , then served as training ship . Reassigned to transatlantic convoy duty , from 27 August 1943 to 14 June 1945 , " Dobler " made 11 voyages from Boston , Norfolk and New York to Bizerte , Tunisia ; Oran , Algeria ; and Palermo , Sicily . On 11 May 1944 , her convoy was attacked off the North Africa n coast by a large number of torpedo and bombing planes which she aided in driving away before they could damage the convoy . Post - War . From 18 July - 10 September 1945 , " Dobler " had training duty at New London , Connecticut . She arrived at New York on 11 September , and was decommissioned there on 2 October 1945 . " Dobler " was sold for scrap on 12 July 1946 .
Bulford Kiwi The Bulford Kiwi is an immense drawing of a kiwi carved in the chalk on Beacon Hill above the then - military town of Bulford on the Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire . It was created by New Zealand soldiers awaiting repatriation following the end of World War I . It is also one of the few hill figure s in Wiltshire not to be either a white horse or a military badge . History . The Kiwi was constructed on Beacon Hill overlooking the Sling Camp ( now gone ) , part of Bulford Camp , during the occupation of the Camp by New Zealand troops since June 1916 . After the war was over , the troops were eager to return home , but no troop ships were available . In the wake of riots by disaffected New Zealanders , officers decided that the troops should be kept busy carving an enormous Kiwi into the chalk of the hill . This was done in February and March 1919 , by the Canterbury and Otago Engineers Battalions . The Kiwi is cut out of the chalk hillside , and stands out in contrast from the surrounding vegetation . The design was executed by Sergeant - Major Percy Cecil Blenkarne of the Education Staff from a sketch of a stuffed kiwi specimen in the British Museum . The site was surveyed and the design extended on to the site by Sergeant - Major V . T . Low , NZE of the Education Staff . After the war . In the years after the Kiwi ' s creation , the Kiwi Polish Company maintained the Kiwi through their offices in London , employing local villagers to do the work . Although it had " little if any advertising value [ for us ] " ; they explained their interest in its upkeep as its being a memorial to the New Zealand troops . During World War II , the Kiwi was camouflaged with leaf mould , out of concerns that German bombers would use the Kiwi as a navigation marker during their raids over Britain . In 1948 , the leaf mould was removed by local Boy Scouts , and fresh chalk was added . The Scout troop subsequently renamed themselves in the Kiwi ' s honour . In the early 1950s , Blenkarne negotiated for the Kiwi to be maintained by the British Army ’ s 3 ( UK ) Divisional Headquarters and Signal Regiment following on from the work done by 249 Signal Squadron . 3 DHQ & SR was part of the 3rd Infantry Division . As of 2007 , the Kiwi is maintained by the Ministry of Defence . Views . Views of the kiwi are largely obscured due to straight - ahead views of the kiwi being only within the camp . The closest the general public can get to it year round is Tidworth Road , which passes the kiwi from the left at a skewed angle . Very distorted views of the kiwi from the right of the hill can be seen from Woodhenge and near Stonehenge . Nearby . There have been several military hill figures in Wiltshire , though this is the only one not to be of a badge . Roughly 20 miles from the Bulford Kiwi are the Fovant Badges , a group of 8 military badges cut mostly by camps in World War I . There used to be plenty more badges on the hill , and until 2005 , there were two more nearby at Sutton Mandeville and the outline of Australia also nearby in Compton Chamberlayne . Another nearby military badge is Lamb Down Military Badge near Codford St . Mary .
Battle of the River Amnias The Battle of the River Amnias was a battle fought in 89 BC between Mithradates VI of Pontus and Nicomedes IV of Bithynia during the First Mithridatic War . The forces of Pontus were commanded by Archelaus and Neoptolemus , while the Bithynians were led by king Nicomedes himself . Pontus was victorious . This battle and subsequent events would lead to the loss of Roman rule in the province of Asia for some years . Forces . The Pontic army was under the overall command of Mithridates , who had a force of 250 , 000 , compared to Nicomedes , who only had 50 , 000 infantry and 6 , 000 cavalry . The Pontic advance force at the Amnias River where this battle took place was commanded by the brothers Neoptolemus and Archelaus , who had a force that according to Appian was outnumbered by Nicomedes , despite the size of the whole Pontic army . The Battle . The Battle of the Amnias River started around a rocky hill on the plains . Neoptolemus and Archelaus , commanding the advance forces of Mithridates , sent troops forward to occupy the hill , but they were repelled by Nicomedes . Neoptolemus then led another attack on the hill , but was repelled again . Nicomedes managed to force Neoptolemus ' men to retreat , but before Nicomedes could finish off Neoptolemus , he was attacked on the flank by Archelaus . Turning Point . The turning point of the battle occurred when the Scythed chariot s led by Archelaus dived into Nicomedes army . According to Appian , the chariots caused wounds of such a hideous nature that they caused fear and confusion among Nicomede ’ s troops , " . . . cutting some of them in two , and tearing others to pieces . " So horrified was the army at the spectacle of men being cut in half while still breathing or their mangled bodies hanging in parts on the scythes that , " overcome rather by the hideousness of the spectacle than by the loss of the fight , fear took possession of their ranks " . " This gave Neoptolemus time to regroup and attack what was now the rear of Nicomedes ' army . Even though Archelaus and Neoptolemus now had the clear advantage , the battle did not end until Neoptolemus had lost most of entire army . Aftermath . The remaining survivors from Nicomedes ' army fled into Paphlagonia , where they were able to join up with the Roman army under Manius Aquillius . Later this army would also be defeated , at the fortress of Protophachium . After that loss the Roman rule within the province of Asia was basically lost .
Edelmiro Julián Farrell Edelmiro Julián Farrell Plaul ( ; February 12 , 1887 – October 21 , 1980 ) was an Argentine general of Irish descent . He was the " de facto " president of Argentina between 1944 and 1946 . Farrell had a great influence on later Argentine history by introducing his subordinate Juan Perón into government and paving the way for Perón ' s subsequent political career . Military and political career . He was born on 12 February 1887 in Villa de los Industriales ( Lanús , Buenos Aires ) . He was the tenth son of Juan Farrell ( 1846 - ? ? ? ? ) and Catalina Plaul ( 1852 – 1917 ) , and grandson of Matthew Farrell ( died 1860 ) of County Longford , Ireland and Mónica Ibañez . Farrell graduated from Argentine military school in 1907 as an infantry sub - lieutenant . He served in an Italian alpine regiment in Fascist Italy between 1924 and 1926 . He then returned to Argentina . After the 1943 coup , Farrell was promoted to Brigadier General and became vice - president during the military government of General Pedro Pablo Ramírez , who had deposed President Arturo Rawson . He was simultaneously Minister of War . Farrell appointed Juan Perón as his secretary . Ramírez named Farrell president on February 25 , 1944 . Farrell appointed Perón as vice - president . After popular demonstrations in favour of Perón in 1945 made Perón the most influential and important man in the government , Farrell announced presidential elections for 1946 , in which Perón was elected . On June 4 , 1946 , Farrell was succeeded as president by Perón , whose commander he had been while Perón was a colonel . Despite having been brought to power through a coup d ' état , Peronist historiography never calls him a dictator . Family . Edelmiro Julián Farrell was married in 1919 to Conrada Victoria Torni y Carpani ( January 1 , 1893 - August 16 , 1977 ) , a teacher . They had three children : Nelly Victoria ( born 1923 ) , Jorge Edelmiro ( 1925 – 1950 ) , and Susana Mabel ( born 1929 ) . Death . A widower , Edelmiro Farrell died at the age of 93 in 1980 .