naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Floating battery A floating battery is a kind of armed watercraft , often improvised or experimental , which carries a heavy armament but has few other qualities as a warship . An early appearance was during the Great Siege of Gibraltar , and its invention and usage is attributed to Spanish lieutenant general Antonio Barceló . A purpose - built floating battery was " Flådebatteri No . 1 " , designed by Chief Engineer Henrik Gerner in 1787 ; it was 47 m long , 13 m wide and armed with 24 guns , and was used during the 1801 battle of Copenhagen under command of Peter Willemoes . The British made limited use of floating batteries during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , with the two - vessel " Musquito " and " Firm " - class floating batteries , and some individual vessels . The most notable floating batteries were built or designed in the 19th century , and are related to the development of the first steam warship and the ironclad warship . " Demologos " , the first steam - propelled warship , was a floating battery designed for the protection of New York Harbor in the War of 1812 . In the 1850s , the British and French navies deployed iron - armoured floating batteries as a supplement to the wooden steam battlefleet in the Crimean War . The role of the battery was to assist unarmoured mortar and gunboats bombarding shore fortifications . The French used their batteries in 1855 against the defenses at Kinburn on the Black Sea , where they were effective against Russian shore defences . The British planned to use theirs in the Baltic Sea against Kronstadt , and may have been influential in causing the Russians to sue for peace . However , Kronstadt was widely regarded as the most heavily - fortified naval arsenal in the world throughout most of the 19th - century , continually upgrading its combined defences to meet new changes in technology . Even as the British armoured - batteries were readied against Kronstadt in early 1856 , the Russians had already constructed newer networks of outlying forts , mortar batteries of their own , and submarine mines against which the British had no system for removing under fire . Floating batteries were popularly implemented by both the Union and the Confederacy during the American Civil War . The first was the Confederate Floating Battery of Charleston Harbor , which took an active part in the bombardment of Fort Sumter in April 1861 . Experimental ironclad vessels that proved too cumbersome or were underpowered were often converted into floating batteries and posted for river and coastal waterway control . Here too , Civil War batteries and even ironclads such as the famed monitors , were acutely vulnerable to mines protected in turn by forts . As a result , the combined defences of Charleston , South Carolina , for example , were never overwhelmed by the Union navy .
Triomphant - class submarine The " Triomphant " class of ballistic missile submarine s of the French Navy is the active class of four boats that entered service in 1997 , 1999 , 2004 , and 2010 . These four supersede the older " Redoutable " - class , and they provide the ocean - based component ( the " Force océanique stratégique " ) of France ' s nuclear deterrent strike force , the " Force de Frappe " . The first three boats are all armed with the French - produced and armed M45 intermediate - range missile , and the fourth vessel , " Terrible " , has tested and is equipped with the more advanced M51 missile . Each of the first three boats are to be retrofitted to the M51 missile standard , starting with " Vigilant " in Winter 2010 , then " Triomphant " and ending with " Téméraire " in 2018 . SNLE - NG . In French , these are called " Sous - Marin Nucléaire Lanceur d ' Engins de Nouvelle Génération " ( English : " Next Generation Device - Launching Nuclear Submarine " ) , abbreviated as SNLE - NG . They have replaced all of the " Redoutable " - class boats , with the last of those six boats being decommissioned in 2008 . These submarines carry 16 Submarine - launched Ballistic Missile launching tubes apiece . This class reportedly produces approximately 1 / 1000 of the detectable noise of the " Redoutable " - class boats ( submarines ) , and they are ten times more sensitive in detecting other submarines . Initially armed with the M45 Missile , they are designed to carry the new M51 missile , which entered active service in 2010 . , an M51 has been test - fired from one of these submarines across the Atlantic Ocean from near France to the west , and is equipped on the " Terrible " . These boats were all constructed by the DCNS , and they carry an armament of 16 M45 SLBM or M51 SLBM missiles manufactured by the Aérospatiale company ( now EADS Astrium Space Transportation . ) , plus conventional torpedo es and Exocet anti - ship missile s . List of submarines . The French Navy ' s goal is to operate a force of four ballistic missile submarines ( comparable with the Royal Navy ' s " Vanguard " - class submarines ) , of which two of the French boats are expected to be on patrol at any given time . Accidents . On 3 February or 4 February 2009 , the " Triomphant " apparently collided with the Royal Navy submarine . The " Triomphant " was reported to have proceeded to Brest under her own power , submerged , but with extensive damage to her sonar dome .
774th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron The 774th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit , assigned to the 455th Expeditionary Operations Group , stationed at Bagram Air Base , Afghanistan . Mission . The squadron provides airlift to forces engaged in the Global War on Terrorism . History . Established in mid - 1943 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bombardment squadron ; assigned to Second Air Force for training . Attached in late 1943 and early 1944 to Air University Army Air Force School of Applied Tactics . Deployed to Mediterranean Theater of Operations ( MTO ) in February 1944 , squadron taking the South Atlantic Transport Route though the Caribbean and South America ; transiting the Atlantic Ocean via Brazil and Dakar , French West Africa , being assigned to Fifteenth Air Force in March 1944 at several airfields in Southern Italy . Engaged in long - range strategic bombardment of enemy military , industrial and transport targets , including oil refineries and production oilfields in Italy ; France ; Southern Germany ; Austria and the Balkans . Continued strategic bombardment until German capitulation in May 1945 . Demobilized in place in Italy during the summer of 1945 ; inactivated in September 1945 . Reactivated as a Tactical Air Command Troop Carrier squadron in June 1953 , assigned C - 119 Flying Boxcar s . Engaged in transport of equipment and supplies ; including support of Army Airborne parachute units throughout the 1950s and early 1960s . Equipped with new C - 130A Hercules in 1956 , the squadron also operated a TAC - sponsored flight demonstration team during the late 1950s and early 1960s known as " The Four Horsemen , " utilizing four C - 130A aircraft . Deployed to Pacific Air Forces in 1966 , being stationed in the Philippines . Engaged in airlift missions between the Philippines and South Vietnam , airlifting supplies and equipment to airfields in the combat areas ; evacuating wounded personnel to hospitals at Clark Air Base . Remained in the Western Pacific until 1971 when inactivated as part of the drawdown of United States forces in the region . Reactivated at Dyess AFB , Texas as a theater airlift squadron in June 1972 , initially under Tactical Air Command , later Military Airlift Command and lastly Air Mobility Command . Deployed frequently to Europe or the Pacific , performing intra - theater airlift missions with C - 130s . Inactivated in October 1993 as part of the drawdown of the USAF after the end of the Cold War . Reactivated as a provisional expeditionary airlift squadron in 2001 as a result of the 9 / 11 attacks and subsequent Global War on Terrorism .
Oddusuddan offensive ( 1999 ) The Oddusuddan offensive was a military operation in which the Tamil Tigers captured Oddusuddan from the Sri Lankan Army . The Tamil Tigers are believed to have captured large amounts of weapons & ammunitions as well as armoured vehicles in this operation . The offensive was part of Operation Unceasing Waves III .
John Frederick Andrews Higgins Air Marshal Sir John Frederick Andrews Higgins KCB , KBE , DSO , AFC , RAF ( 1 September 1875 – 1 June 1948 ) was a senior officer in the Royal Flying Corps and a senior commander in the Royal Air Force in the first half of the 20th century . RAF career . Higgins became a cadet at the Royal Military Academy , Woolwich and was commissioned into the Royal Field Artillery in 1895 , serving in the Second Boer War . In November 1900 he was awarded the DSO for his service during this war . He served as Officer Commanding No . 5 Squadron from July 1913 and then at the start of November 1914 , Higgins was selected to head up the RFC ' s training wing which was based at Netheravon . He went on to command II Brigade RFC , VI Brigade RFC and then III Brigade RFC during the course of World War I . In the closing stages of the War he was General Officer Commanding No . 3 Area and then General Officer Commanding Midland Area . After the War he was appointed General Officer Commanding RAF forces of the Rhine and then Air Officer Commanding Northern Area before becoming Director of Personnel at the Air Ministry in 1920 . He went on to be Air Officer Commanding Inland Area in 1922 , Air Officer Commanding Iraq Command in 1924 and Air Member for Supply and Research in 1926 . He retired to India in 1930 but was recalled as Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief of the Air Forces in India in October 1939 at the start of World War II before retiring again in August 1940 .
No . 510 Squadron RAF No . 510 Squadron was a Royal Air Force transport and liaison aircraft squadron that operated during the Second World War . History . During 1942 it was decided that 24 Squadron was too large and the internal communication flight became no . 510 Squadron on 15 October 1942 at RAF Hendon . The squadron inherited an assortment of light transport types to allow it fly communications and liaison flights within the United Kingdom . On 8 April 1944 , still at RAF Hendon , the squadron was disbanded when it was renamed to the Metropolitan Communications Squadron , inheriting the aircraft and code ( s ) of 510 squadron . Aircraft operated . The Stampe SV . 4 was " liberated " by two Belgian pilots and flown across the Channel from occupied Belgium in 1941 .
Joseph Palmer ( American Revolutionary War general ) Joseph Palmer ( 1716 – 1788 ) was an American general during the American Revolutionary War . Palmer was born at Shaugh Prior , Devonshire , England , on March 31 , 1716 , a son of John and Joan Palmer , née Pearse . He married Mary Cranch on the April 4 , 1746 , at Ermington and emigrated to Massachusetts later that year with his brother - in - law Richard Cranch . In 1752 they built a glassworks in Germantown , now a part of Quincy , Massachusetts . Later they built a chocolate mill and spermaceti and salt factories . By the 1770s Palmer had become a supporter of American independence . He fought in the Battle of Lexington and served in the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and on the Cambridge Committee of Safety . He sent Israel Bissell on his ride to warn that the war with Britain had begun . He received a commission as a colonel in the Massachusetts militia and as brigadier for Suffolk County , Massachusetts , in 1776 . He went on intelligence - gathering missions in Vermont and Rhode Island and , as brigadier - general , led a failed attack on Newport , Rhode Island . After the war , he returned to his businesses . Heavy debt forced him to leave Germantown and he started a salt factory on the Boston Neck in 1784 . Palmer died four years later at his home in Dorchester , Massachusetts on December 25 , 1788 . Wednesday morning near 10 of the clock - Watertown . To all the friends of American liberty be it known that this morning before break of day , a brigade , consisting of about 1 , 000 to 1 , 200 men landed at Phip ' s Farm at Cambridge and marched to Lexington , where they found a company of our colony militia in arms , upon whom they fired without any provocation and killed six men and wounded four others . By an express from Boston , we find another brigade are now upon their march from Boston supposed to be about 1 , 000 . The Bearer , Israel Bissell , is charged to alarm the country quite to Connecticut and all persons are desired to furnish him with fresh horses as they may be needed . I have spoken with several persons who have seen the dead and wounded . Pray let the delegates from this colony to Connecticut see this . J . Palmer , one of the .
Deric Holland - Martin Admiral Sir Douglas Eric " Deric " Holland - Martin GCB DSO DSC DL ( 1906 – 1977 ) was a senior Royal Navy officer who went on to be Second Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Personnel . Naval career . Educated at West Downs School , Holland - Martin joined the Royal Navy in 1920 . He commanded successively the destroyer s HMS " Tartar " , HMS " Holderness " , HMS " Nubian " and HMS " Faulknor " . He served in World War II and then became Naval attaché to Argentina , Paraguay and Uruguay . He was appointed Commander of the destroyer HMS " Agincourt " in 1949 and then Director of Plans at the Admiralty in 1952 . He took command of the aircraft carrier HMS " Eagle " in 1954 and then became Flag Officer , Flotillas , Mediterranean in 1955 . He was made Second Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Personnel in 1957 and Commander - in - Chief , Mediterranean Fleet in 1961 . His final post was as Commandant of the Imperial Defence College in 1964 . He retired in 1966 . In retirement he became Vice - Admiral of the United Kingdom and later served as Lord - Lieutenant of Hereford and Worcester . Family . In 1951 he married Rosamund Mary Hornby ( later Dame Rosamund Holland - Martin , DBE , DL , Chairman of the NSPCC ) ; the couple had two children , a son and a daughter .
35th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 35th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 35th Illinois Infantry was organized at Decatur , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on July 3 , 1861 for three years service . Its organizer and first colonel was Gustavus A . Smith after whom it was originally called G . A . Smith ' s Independent Regiment . The regiment was mustered out on September 27 , 1864 at Springfield , Illinois . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 7 officers and 91 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 5 officers and 164 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 267 fatalities .
SPCA 30 The SPCA 30 was a French light bomber built by the Société Provençale de Constructions Aéronautiques ( SPCA ) . It was powered by two engines . Development and design . This aircraft was an all - metal twin boom low wing monoplane built by SPCA in order to meet the requirements of the Technical Aeronautic Service ( " Service Technique de L ' Aéronautique " ) of the French government towards the end of the 1920s for a bomber and reconnaissance plane type designated as " Multiplace de Combat " . Two units of the SPCA 30 were built , registration " F - AKCA " and " F - AKCB " . The first one was fitted with two Lorraine - Dietrich 18 Kd water - cooled W engine s engines and the second one with two Hispano - Suiza 12Nb engines , both giving about . Operational history . The SPCA 30 was the only twin boom aircraft that entered the contest , but both prototypes of this plane were ignored in favor of the competing Amiot 143 after evaluation . Other " Multiplace de Combat " plane prototypes built by other companies at the time such as the Blériot 137 and the Breguet 410 underwent a similar fate as the SPCA 30 .
Emilio Eduardo Massera Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera ( October 19 , 1925 – November 8 , 2010 ) was an Argentine Naval military officer , and a leading participant in the Argentine coup d ' état of 1976 . In 1981 , he was found to be a member of P2 ( also known as " Propaganda Due " , a clandestine Masonic lodge involved in Italy ' s strategy of tension ) . Many considered Massera to have masterminded the junta ' s Dirty War against political opponents , which resulted in nearly 13 , 000 deaths and disappearances , according to official records . Human rights groups put the toll closer to 30 , 000 . Biography . Coming from a Catholic family , Emilio Massera was born in Paraná , Entre Ríos , to Paula Padula and Emilio Massera , grandson of immigrants from Switzerland . Massera entered Argentina ' s Naval Military School in 1942 , obtaining his commission as a midshipman in 1946 . After the " Revolución Libertadora " in 1955 , Massera entered the Naval Information Service . During his career he occupied different positions within the Navy , including command of the sail training ship ARA " Libertad " and command of the Sea Fleet in 1973 . In 1974 Massera was promoted to the rank of full Admiral and became the Commander - in - Chief of the Argentine Navy , after the government sent a number of senior admirals into forced retirement . Between 1976 and 1978 Admiral Massera was part , together with Jorge Rafael Videla and Orlando Ramón Agosti , of the military junta that deposed President Isabel Martínez de Perón and ruled Argentina " de facto " during the National Reorganization Process . On September 1978 Massera stepped down from both the office of Commander - in - Chief of the Navy and from his seat in the Military Junta . In 1981 he traveled to Bucharest , Romania . After the end of the dictatorship in 1983 , he was tried for human rights violations and sentenced to life imprisonment and the loss of his military grade . However , on 29 December 1990 he was pardoned by then - President Carlos Menem . Massera was free until 1998 , when he was imprisoned again pending an investigation of several instances of kidnapping and suppression of identity of minors during his term , as well as orders of torture , execution , confinement in illegal detention centers and drowning of prisoners . He also explained the delivery of diplomatic passports to Licio Gelli , head of Propaganda Due , by stating that Gelli had " supported [ us ] in the struggle against subversion and in the management of the image of Argentina abroad " . In 2004 he suffered a cerebrovascular accident caused by a burst aneurysm , and he was admitted in the Military Hospital of Buenos Aires . Due to after - effects of the stroke , Eduardo Massera was declared legally irresponsible because of insanity on 17 March 2005 , and the cases against him were suspended . Massera died on November 8 , 2010 , due to an hemorrhagic stroke in the Hospital Naval of Buenos Aires . The funeral was kept in secrecy to avoid escrache s , and was attended by only 10 people , without any representation of the government or the armed forces .
Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program The Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program ( FUSRAP ) is a United States Army Corps of Engineers ( USACE ) project to manage and cleanup environmental contamination that resulted from early United States Atomic Energy Commission activities . Cleanup activities were initially performed under the supervision of the United States Department of Energy ( DOE ) , until 1997 when the United States Congress passed authority for cleanup activities to the USACE . The primary source of contamination at the locations stems from the processing of uranium ores and the disposal of the byproducts . The major sources of site contamination are uranium , thorium , and radium . In addition to the radiological contaminants there are semi - volatile organic compounds , volatile organic compound s , and heavy metals comingled at the sites . Table of FUSRAP Sites . Data from multiple sources
Sub - district II of Żoliborz ( of Armia Krajowa ) The Sub - district II of Żoliborz ( of Armia Krajowa ) ( Polish : " Obwód II Żoliborz " also named as " Obwód Żywiciel " ) - a territorial organisational unit of the District of Warsaw of Armia Krajowa . It covered the area of Żoliborz in Warsaw , fought in conspiracy during the German occupation of Poland during World War II and openly during the Warsaw Uprising 1944 . Period of conspiracy . The origin of the sub - district goes down to various conspiracy organisations like Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego ( Engl . : " Association of Polish Scouts " ) , Association of Reservists , Polish Socialist Party . The oldest conspiracy association was formed in Żoliborz by soldiers of the 21st Infantry Regiment " Children of Warsaw " ( Polish " " . The command of it was assumed by major Stefan Obrąbski and after his arrest and deportation to a P . O . W . camp , the command was assumed by officer cadet Stefan Szuba . The first commander of the Sub - district II of Żoliborz was major Stanisław Thun pesudonym " Nawrot " . After him the command as assumed by major Mieczysław Niedzielski pseudonyms " Żywiciel " or " Wojciechowski " or " Sadowik " . Organisation . The sub - district II of Żoliborz included four regions : The number of the sub - district in the beginning of 1944 amounted to 2 , 000 soldiers . Tasks assigned for an uprising case . Units of the sub - district were assigned the following tasks in case of military uprising : Course of combat in the Warsaw Uprising 1944 . On at the hour " W " 60 % of soldiers turned up in the place of mobilisation . Because of shortages of weapon and failure to use the factor of surprise , attacks of the insurgent units were forced back . The sub - district ' s units suffered large losses in people and equipment . In the evening on 1 August lieutenant - colonel " Żywiciel " made a decision to withdraw the units to the Kampinos Forest and sent a woman liaison officer Ludmiła Bassalik - Chabielska pseudonym " Irena " with a report of the situation and a request of further orders to the commander of the District of Warsaw colonel Antoni Chruściel pseudonym " Monter " . The same officer returned to the sub - district ' s units stationed in Sieraków with the order of immediate return of the units into their abandoned positions in Żoliborz . On the units reached the center of Żoliborz and joined the course of fights . Lieutenant - colonel " Żywiciel " reorganised the sub - district II and ordered to re - group the units . He created 6 groups ( Polish : " zgrupowanie " plural : " zgrupowania " ) of the line , with cryptonyms starting from letter " Ż " : Carrying on heavy fights and suffering large losses , the units of the sub - district hold out on until the capitulation of Żoliborz on 1944 . The following persons , among others , fought in the sub - district : Henryk Ligięza , Danuta Przystasz , Jan Strzelecki and Zygmunt Trószyński .
Harris Gun Works M - 96 The Harris Gunworks M - 96 is a semi automatic sniper rifle . Manufactured by Harris Gunworks at Phoenix , Arizona , this is chambered for . 50 BMG currently used heavily by the United States and Malaysia n armed forces . The weapon is made of steel and anodized aluminum , with a black teflon coating on all exposed parts . The adjustable gas system is hard chromed for increased life . The barrel is heavy , free floating , and of match grade with a standard Muzzle Brake attached . The action is roughly based upon the AK - 47 action , with modifications to make it suitable for a high powered rifle . Mounted on top of the receiver is a standard Weaver - type rail , for mounting scopes . Integrated in this rail are rudimentary iron sights . The rifle was designed for military use , and has been tested under a variety of adverse weather conditions .