naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
ARA Sarandí ( D - 13 ) ARA " Sarandí " ( pennant number D - 13 ) is the fourth and last ship of the MEKO 360H2 series of four destroyers built for the Argentine Navy . The ship is the fourth ship in the history of the Argentine Navy to bear the name of the schooner " Sarandí " , which was a famous ship of the Argentine Navy during the Cisplatine War between 1825 and 1828 . The original " Sarandí " was itself named after a major victory of the Argentine Army during that same conflict . The Argentine Navy struggles to meet maintenance and training requirements because of financial problems and import restrictions . The " Almirante Brown " class are reported to be short of spares and suffering engine problems , plus all their ordnance is past its expiry date . Origin . " Sarandí " and her sister ships were authorized under the Naval Construction National Plan of 1974 , an initiative by the Argentine Navy to replace old World War II - vintage warships which were nearing the end of their operational lives . A contract was signed with the Blohm + Voss Shipyards in Hamburg , West Germany for the construction of four MEKO 360H2 destroyers . Construction . " Sarandí " ' s keel was laid down on March 9 , 1982 and was launched on August 31 of that same year . The ship was delivered to the Argentine Navy on April 23 , 1984 for her sea trials , following which the ship departed for Argentina , arriving at Puerto Belgrano Naval Base on June 21 of that same year . Service history . On 2003 " Sarandi " joined the Carrier Strike Group and Destroyer Squadron 18 as a part of Exercise Solid Step during their tour in the Mediterranean . This marked the first time that a ship of the Argentine Navy inter - operated with an United States Navy battlegroup . " Sarandí " was involved in an unfortunate incident on 29 November 2004 , during the annual FRATERNO naval exercise with ships of the Brazilian Navy . While conducting gunnery practice shots against target drones , a technical failure of her automatic weapons system made she fire on the Brazilian frigate " Rademaker " , causing injuries to four Brazilian crewmen and an Argentine naval observer , as well as moderate damage to the Brazilian ship . She is currently homeported at Puerto Belgrano as the flagship of the Navy ' s 2nd Destroyer Division , along with her three sister ships .
HMAS Marlean HMAS " Marlean " ( Q20 ) was a channel patrol boat operated by the Naval Auxiliary Patrol of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) during World War II . She was a private vessel built by J . Williams & Sons in 1938 . She was requisitioned and later commissioned by the RAN as a channel patrol boat . " Marlean " earned one battle honour s for her wartime service , " Darwin 1942 " . Fate . " Marlean " was burnt down to the waterline while in Sydney Harbour on 12 November 1944 .
USS Winchester ( SP - 156 ) USS " Winchester " ( SP - 156 ) was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . Construction , acquisition , and commissioning . SS " Winchester " was built as a fast , steel - hulled , steam - powered , destroyer - like civilian yacht in 1916 by Bath Iron Works at Bath , Maine . The U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Mr . Peter W . Rouss , on 30 May 1917 for use as a patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned on 4 September 1917 as USS " Winchester " ( SP - 156 ) with Lieutenant , junior grade , R . C . Nickerson , USNRF , in command . United States Navy service , 1917 - 1919 . " Winchester " initially was assigned to section patrol duty in the 2d Naval District in southern New England , patrolling the coast between Chatham , Massachusetts , and New London , Connecticut . In January 1918 , she was reassigned to the 5th Naval District and operated in the Norfolk - Hampton Roads area of Virginia , where she was assigned to special duty with the U . S . Navy Bureau of Construction and Repair to test minesweeping equipment . Late in December 1918 , she moved once again , this time to City Island in the Bronx , New York , where she continued her minesweeping testing duties . On 13 April 1919 , she returned to the 5th Naval District , operating out of Yorktown , Virginia , continuing to test minesweeping gear . " Winchester " was decommissioned at Norfolk on 19 December 1919 . After several attempts , she was finally sold to Cox and Stevens of New York City on 24 March 1921 . Civilian career , 1921 - 1940 . Once again SS " Winchester " , the yacht resumed her civilian service with Cox and Stevens . She was sold several times , first to Vincent Astor , then to Russell A . Alger , Jr . , and then to Cornelius Vanderbilt III . She later was sold to B . P . McCurdy , this time being renamed SS " Renard " . Royal Canadian Navy Service , 1940 - 1944 . " Renard " was sold to the Royal Canadian Navy in 1940 and commissioned as HMCS " Renard " ( S13 ) for use in inshore patrol duty during World War II . Later reclassified Z13 , she was decommissioned in 1944 and returned to her owners .
17 cm K ( E ) The 17 cm Kanone in Eisenbahnlafette ( 17 cm K ( E ) ) was a German railroad gun used in the Second World War . Design & History . This weapon was designed with the intent of replacing the 15 cm K ( E ) mounted on the same carriage , although only 6 were built before it was realized that both guns were too small to justify railroad mounts . The gun was mounted on a simple pivot mount on a ballrace on a well - base flatcar with four outriggers . In action the outriggers and their jacks would be dropped to stabilize the gun and absorb the firing recoil . In addition jacks locked the spring suspension , bore on the surface of the rails and screw clamps gripped the rails for more stability . The elderly 17 cm Schnelladekanone L / 40 was used because it was available in some numbers , having been designed as the casemate gun for the predreadnought battleships . It fired a 17 cm Sprgr L / 4 . 7 KZ mit Hb shell weighing . This was a standard HE shell with a nose fuze beneath a ballistic cap . They spent the war assigned to Artillerie - Batteries 717 and 718 ( E ) along the Channel coast .
53rd Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 53rd Brigade was a formation of British Army . It was part of the new army also known as Kitchener ' s Army . It was assigned to the 18th ( Eastern ) Division and served on the Western Front during the First World War .
Treaty of Fontainebleau ( 1762 ) The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a secret agreement of 1762 in which France ceded Louisiana ( New France ) to Spain . The treaty followed the last battle in the French and Indian War in North America , the Battle of Signal Hill in September 1762 , which confirmed British control of Canada ( New France ) . In Europe , the associated Seven Years ' War continued to rage . Having lost Canada , King Louis XV of France proposed to King Charles III of Spain that France should give Spain " the country known as Louisiana , as well as New Orleans and the island in which the city is situated . " Charles accepted on November 13 , 1762 . This agreement covered all of " Louisiana " : the entire valley of the Mississippi River , from the Appalachians to the Rockies . The Treaty of Fontainebleau was kept secret even during the French negotiation and signing of the Treaty of Paris ( 1763 ) , which ended the war with Britain . The Treaty of Paris ( 1763 ) , made between France and Great Britain following the Seven Years ' War , divided " La Louisiane " at the Mississippi : the eastern half was ceded to Britain , while the western half and New Orleans were nominally retained by France . Spain did not contest Britain ' s control of eastern Louisiana , as it already knew it would rule in western Louisiana . Also , under the Treaty of Paris , Spain had ceded Florida to Britain , and western Louisiana was its compensation . The Treaty of Paris provided a period of 18 months in which French colonists who did not want to live under British rule could freely emigrate to other French colonies . Many of these emigrants moved to Louisiana , where they discovered later that France had ceded Louisiana to Spain . The cession to Spain was finally revealed in 1764 . In a letter dated April 21 , 1764 , Louis informed the governor , Charles Philippe Aubry , of the transition : The colonists in western Louisiana did not accept the transition , and expelled the first Spanish governor in the Rebellion of 1768 . Alejandro O ' Reilly ( an Irish émigré ) suppressed the rebellion and formally raised the Spanish flag in 1769 . The acquisition of Louisiana consolidated the Spanish empire in North America . When the United States returned Florida to Spain in 1783 following its victory in the American Revolutionary War , Spanish territory completely encircled the Gulf of Mexico , and stretched from Florida west to the Pacific Ocean , and north to Canada west of the Mississippi River .
SLNS Samudura SLNS " Samudura " ( P - 621 ) ( " Samudura " , in Sinhalese : Sea ) is an Offshore Patrol Vessel ( OPV ) of the Sri Lanka Navy . Formerly the USCGC " Courageous " of the United States Coast Guard , the medium endurance cutter was donated to Sri Lanka on June 24 , 2004 . Operations . " Samudura " is tasked with deep sea patrolling both within the Sri Lankan territorial waters and in international waters to curb ongoing arms smuggling by the LTTE . In recent months " Samudura " , along with other OPVs of the Sri Lankan Navy , has been able to successfully intercept several ships smuggling arms for the LTTE . In all these cases the ships were sunk when they attacked the naval vessels with mortar s . " Samudura " also participated in the Cadex 2009 military training exercises with the Indian Navy after the war . SLNS Samudura in her post - conflict operations continue to serve the nation with policing and law enforcement duties in maritime jurisdiction of the country . Apart from her traditional role the ship successfully completed a scientific study programme in liaison with Geological & Mine Bureau of Sri Lanka in conjunction with Woods - hole Oceanographic Laboratory of USA . The ship celebrated her 7th anniversary in Trincomalee on 21 April 2012 with the participation of families of all her serving crew . Furthermore , the ship performed a major role in protecting the Sri Lankan waters from Indian poaching menace in the northern waters by enforcing strict vigil on the preservation of marine environment & supporting sustainable fish - harvesting . At present the ship is attached to the Southern Naval Area to secure maritime interests in Sri Lankan maritime jurisdiction . Her primary duties are to ensure the main Sea Lane of Communication ( SLOC ) that runs through the Sri Lankan maritime jurisdiction is safe for seafaring and policing the EEZ . Furthermore the ship has intercepted several boat loads of illegal immigrants heading to Australia violating the country ' s immigration & emigration laws . USCGC " Courageous " . USCGC " Courageous " ( WMEC - 622 ) was a United States Coast Guard medium endurance cutter . She was built by the American Ship Building Company in Lorain , Ohio and launched on 18 March 1967 . She commissioned on 19 April 1968 . She was decommissioned 19 September 2001 . The United States Coast Guard donated " Courageous " to Sri Lanka on June 24 , 2004 and a departure ceremony was held February 19 , 2005 . The First Sri Lankan Captain on the vessel was Captain Sirimevan Ranasinghe WWV RWP since , the ship has been Commanded by : Captain Dimuthu Gunawardena RWP , psc Captain Jayantha De Silva RSP , USP , psc Captain Kapila Samaraweera RSP , USP Captain Muditha Gamage psc Presently the ship is Commanded by Captain YN Jayarathna RWP , RSP , USP , psc
Battle of Finta The Battle of Finta ( May 1653 ) was a confrontation between Matei Basarab ' s Wallachia n army and a combined Moldo - Cossack force under Vasile Lupu and Tymofiy Khmelnytsky . It took place around Finta , a commune in Dâmboviţa county . The battle was a Wallachian decisive victory , resulting in the ousting of the Moldavian Prince , his replacement with Gheorghe Ştefan , the brief Wallachian occupation of Iaşi , and the siege of Suceava ( where Tymofiy was killed ) .
Thimbleby ' s Tower Thimbleby ' s Tower , formerly known as Wolf ' s Tower , is a structure in the city walls of Chester , Cheshire , England . It stands on the eastern section of the walls , between Eastgate and Newgate . The tower is designated by English Heritage as a Grade I listed building . History . The tower probably dates originally from the 13th century . It was partly demolished in the siege of Chester in 1644 – 46 during the Civil War . Between 1702 and 1708 the whole of the city walls was converted into a raised walkway and it is likely that the tower was modified as part of this process . Repairs were carried out to it in 1879 . It was further altered in 1994 – 95 for Chester City Council by Peter de Figuerdo . Architecture . Thimbleby ' s Tower is constructed in coursed red sandstone rubble . Its plan is semi - octagonal , and it appears to be the outer part of a drum tower without its upper storeys . The lower chamber contains three loops ( unglazed slit windows ) , and at the level of the walkway are the springers of a former vault . During the 1994 – 95 alterations , the stone parapet between the walkway and the tower was replaced by an oak - framed polycarbonate screen . A steeply - pitched gable d roof , hung with tiles , was added to the top of the structure . The citation in the National Heritage List for England states that this " masks its former defensive features and purpose " .
Keeper - class cutter The United States Coast Guard commissioned a new Keeper class of coastal buoy tender s in the 1990s that are 175 feet ( 53 m ) in length and named after lighthouse keeper s . Keeper - class cutters serve the Coast Guard in a variety of missions and are tasked with maintaining aids to navigation ( ATON ) , search and rescue ( SAR ) , law enforcement ( LE ) , migrant interdiction , marine safety inspections , environmental protection and natural resources management . Keeper - class cutters are also used for light ice breaking operations . These vessels are 175 ' long and replaced the WWII era 157 ' and 133 ' tenders . The new class of buoy tender cut crew size from 35 and 26 , respectively , to 25 saving the already cash strapped Coast Guard financial and personnel resources . Keeper - class cutters were built by Marinette Marine of Marinette WI . Keeper - class cutters are equipped with mechanical Z - drive azimuth thruster propulsion units instead of the standard propeller and rudder configuration . These mechanical drives are designed to independently rotate 360 degrees . Combined with a thruster in the bow , they enable Keeper - class tenders to dynamically maneuver in a variety of sea states . This creates an extremely maneuverable platform which , when combined with modern navigation aids such as LORAN and GPS allow the Cutter to maintain static positions . This allows the cutter to precisely place an aid to navigation ( ATON ) . Keeper - class boarding teams are armed with modern small arms . The following 175 - foot WLMs in Service ( as of 2006 ) :
August Geelmuyden Spørck August Geelmuyden Spørck ( 13 September 1851 – 14 July 1928 ) was a Norwegian military officer and politician for the Liberal Party . He is best known as the Norwegian Minister of Defence from 1909 to 1910 . Career . He was born in Kristiania . He became a military officer in 1872 . Through the rifle associations he became affiliated with the Liberal Party . He was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1900 , representing the constituency of " Trondhjem og Levanger " . He held the rank of Captain at that time . He served only one term , but had previously served as a deputy representative during the term 1898 – 1900 . On 20 August 1909 , he was appointed as the new Minister of Defence in the first cabinet Knudsen . He held this position until 1 February 1910 , when the cabinet resigned . In 1914 he was promoted to Major General , and from 1916 to 1919 he was the Inspector - General of the Infantry . He died in July 1928 . Personal life . His granddaughter Mimi Reimers married Olaf D . Thommessen .
Evere Airport Evere Airport is a former military airfield and civil airport in Brussels , Belgium . It was closed in the early 1950 ' s . The airfield was redeveloped as part of the Brussels urban area ; some buildings remain in use as part of the NATO military alliance . History . The airport was established by the Imperial German Air Service in 1914 during World War I . In February 1915 they completed a Zeppelin Hangar . It was partially destroyed on 7 June 1915 during an attack on airship LZ38 . Although the hangar was repaired , airships were no longer parked at the airfield . Evere was abandoned by the Germans after their withdrawal from Belgium in November 1918 after the Armistice which ended combat . Due to the airport being in the Belgian capital , Evere Airfield became the home of the Belgian Air Force during the 1920s . The Zeppelin Hangar was not torn dowwn until 1923 , as it was used to park aircraft left behind by the Germans . Some of the aircraft were used for the first civilian flights at the airfield . It also became the hub of Belgian civil aviation . In 1923 a radio centre was built , along with a new airport terminal . In February 1925 Sabena inaugurated the first Congo flight , when a Handley Page W8f took off from the airfield . A notable visitor was Charles Lindbergh , who flew into Evere only a week after his historic transatlantic flight in 1927 . Air traffic continued its steady growth , and by 1929 a new terminal ( the third ) was inaugurated . Several international airlines used Haren - Evere in the 1930 ' s , such as Imperial , KLM , Air France , Deutsche Luft Hansa and British Continental . With the Invasion of Belgium in May 1940 by the Germans , the Luftwaffe expanded the airfield , by building a new hangar ( VIII ) and a 820m long concrete runway ( 09 - 27 ) . In addition , the Germans began building a new airfield at nearby Melsbroek and in November 1942 had connected the two airfields with a taxiway . On 3 September 1944 Haren - Evere was liberated , and only three days later the first RAF squadrons landed . It was designated as Advanced Landing Ground B - 56 Evere . As the Germans had left in a hurry , the twin airfields needed very little repair work . Between September 1944 and October 1945 , the British further expanded the runways , taxiways and aprons . When World War II ended the two airfields continued to be used by the military . It took until March 1946 before the airfields were fully released for civilian use . Due to the encroaching urban area of Brussels , the airfield began shutting down in the late 1940s , although repair services of Sabena and the Belgian Air Force would remain until the early 1950 ' s . In 1961 Belgium began using the former air terminal as its Tactical Air Forces headquarters . From 1967 NATO HQ moved into the southern part of the former airfield after a hasty departure from Paris after France withdrew from the NATO military branch . In 2002 the Belgian Government offered their former headquarters to NATO for a replacement headquarters . The new headquarters is destined to become operational in 2012 .
The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner is a five - line poem by Randall Jarrell published in 1945 . It is about the death of a gunner in a Sperry ball turret on a World War II American bomber aircraft . < poem > From my mother ' s sleep I fell into the State , And I hunched in its belly till my wet fur froze . Six miles from earth , loosed from its dream of life , I woke to black flak and the nightmare fighters . When I died they washed me out of the turret with a hose . < / poem > Jarrell , who served in the Army Air Forces , provided the following explanatory note : A ball turret was a Plexiglas sphere set into the belly of a B - 17 or B - 24 , and inhabited by two . 50 caliber machine guns and one man , a short small man . When this gunner tracked with his machine guns a fighter attacking his bomber from below , he revolved with the turret ; hunched upsidedown in his little sphere . The fighters which attacked him were armed with cannon firing explosive shells . The hose was a steam hose . Reviewer Leven M . Dawson says that " The theme of Randall Jarrell ' s ' The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner ' is that institutionalized violence , or war , creates moral paradox , a condition in which acts repugnant to human nature become appropriate . " Most commentators agree , calling the poem a condemnation of the dehumanizing powers of " the State " , which are most graphically exhibited by the violence of war . Due partly to its short length , " The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner " poem has been widely anthologized . In fact , Jarrell came to fear that his reputation would come to rest on it alone . The poem inspired the play , " The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner " by Anna Moench , which premiered in New York City at the New York International Fringe Festival in August 2008 and was extended to play at The Space in Long Island City . A nod to the poem can also be found in John Irving ' s 1978 novel " The World According to Garp , " in which the protagonist ' s father died from a " rather careless lobotomy " by enemy gunfire while serving as a ball - turret gunner in World War II .
Anglo - French Joint Naval Commission The Anglo - French Joint Naval Commission was in charge of the territory of the New Hebrides in the period 1887 – 1889 and again in 1890 – 1906 . It was briefly suspended by the constitution of the unrecognized independent state of Franceville . History . In 1878 the United Kingdom and France declared all of the New Hebrides to be neutral territory . The New Hebrides became a neutral territory under the loose jurisdiction of the Commission , established by a Convention on 16 October 1887 , for the sole purpose of protecting French and British citizens , but claimed no jurisdiction over internal native affairs .
251st Battalion ( Good Fellows ) , CEF The 251st ( Good Fellows ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Winnipeg , Manitoba , the unit began recruiting in the autumn of 1916 in Winnipeg and the surrounding district . According to Leek , the unit did not sail for , but " was partially absorbed by the 18th RESERVE Battalion ; the remainder were absorbed by the 1st Depot Battalion , Manitoba Regiment " . The 251st ( Good Fellows ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . G . H . Nicholson .
German submarine U - 228 German submarine " U - 228 " was a Type VIIC U - boat built for the Nazi German Kriegsmarine for service during World War II . Built at the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft shipyard in Kiel , the U - boat was laid down on 18 October 1941 , launched on 30 July 1942 and commissioned on 12 September 1942 . " U - 228 " served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla for training , and later with the 6th U - boat Flotilla from 1 March 1943 to 5 October 1944 as a front - line boat . " U - 228 " completed six patrols without sinking any ships , but shot down two aircraft . She was damaged at Bergen , Norway , struck on 5 October 1944 and later broken up .
12th Illinois Cavalry The 12th Illinois Cavalry Regiment was a volunteer cavalry regiment which served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . History . The 12th Cavalry was organized at Camp Butler in February 1862 . It was part of the Army of the Potomac from September 1862 to November 1863 ; the Department of the Gulf from March 1864 to February 1865 ; and the Department of Texas from July 1865 to May 1866 . The 4th Illinois Cavalry was consolidated with the 12th Illinois Cavalry on June 14 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 38 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 4 officers and 192 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 234 fatalities .