naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Charles Henry Tompkins Charles Henry Tompkins ( September 12 , 1830 – January 18 , 1915 ) was a Union Army colonel , who received an appointment to the brevet grade of Brigadier General of volunteers during the American Civil War . He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor for valor in action on June 1 , 1861 in the Battle of Fairfax Court House ( June 1861 ) . This was the first action in the Civil War for which a Union Army officer would receive the Medal of Honor , although it was not awarded until 1893 . Early life and career . Tompkins was born in Fort Monroe , Virginia . He received an appointment to West Point from Brooklyn , New York as a member of the class of 1851 , though he did not graduate with his class . He resigned in 1849 for unspecified reasons . Tompkins pursued private business interests until enlisting as a Private in the First Dragoons in 1856 , rising to the rank of sergeant before his enlistment ended in January 1861 . He served on the western frontier and was recognized for his performance in action near Pyramid Lake , Nevada in June 1860 . Tompkins received his commission as a 2nd Lieutenant in the 2nd U . S . Cavalry in March 1861 . It was in this unit that he gained fame for his heroism in action at the Battle of Fairfax Court House ( June 1861 ) while a 1st Lieutenant . He would later rise to the grade of colonel and be awarded the honorary grade of Brevet Brigadier General by the war ' s end . Medal of Honor citation . " Twice charged through the enemy ' s lines and , taking a carbine from an enlisted man , shot the enemy ' s captain . " Captain John Quincy Marr was the first Confederate soldier killed in combat during the Civil War . Postbellum . Tompkins was appointed as one of the nine officers assigned to the military commission investigating the conspirators involved in President Lincoln ' s assassination . Because of a dispute with General Grant , between 1866 and 1881 he was posted to numerous remote and austere western posts . He served the remainder of his career in the Quartermaster Corps , rising to the rank of Quarter - master General which carried a rank of Colonel in the Regular Army . He finished his career serving on the east coast , voluntarily retiring in 1894 . Tompkins suffered a broken leg in September 1914 and the wound never healed properly . He died of sepsis in Washington , D . C . on January 18 , 1915 . He is buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington , DC . Personal life . Tompkins married Ms . Augusta Root Hobbie of New York on December 17 , 1862 . They had a total of seven children , with four of them reaching adulthood . His eldest son , Selah Reeve Hobbie ( “ Tommy ” ) Tompkins , was an Army officer who became Colonel of the 7th Cavalry Regiment . His second son , Frank Tompkins , also served as a career army officer .
Finnish minelayer Keihässalmi Keihässalmi ( pennant number " 05 " ) was a minelayer of the Finnish Navy . She was commissioned in 1957 and remained in service until 1994 , after which she was turned into a museum ship in Turku . The vessel was named after the strait of Keihässalmi , which is located in Sipoo . " Keihässalmi " was the first Finnish minelayer to be constructed after World War II . " Keihässalmi " was designed according to lessons learned from the " Ruotsinsalmi " class minelayers , but with increased size and tonnage . It was stronger , more seaworthy and faster than its predecessor . The construction took place from 1956 to 1957 at the Valmet Oy shipyard in Helsinki . The sinking of the minelayer " Riilahti " in 1943 had left a big gap in Finnish mine warfare capabilities , and a new vessel was needed . It would last until the mid - 1950s before this was addressed , due to the harsh after - war conditions and war - payments which included a large number of ships to be constructed at Finnish shipyards . The " Keihässalmi " was fitted with almost all weapons systems available to the Finnish Navy ( except torpedoes ) , although she primarily was a minelayer and minesweeper . " Keihässalmi " was launched on 16 March 1957 and the vessel remained the largest vessel of the Finnish Navy until 1962 , when the frigate " Matti Kurki " was purchased . It was also used as a sort of test - bed for multiple systems . At one point a 75 mm gun was fitted to the ship , as the Finnish Navy lacked designated gunships . The ship was also used for training , and was sent out on trips every sailing season . The " Keihässalmi " was cheap to operate and required a low complement ( important as the Finnish Navy had a manpower restriction ) , but the vessel proved itself over the decades . The ship underwent repairs and refitting from 1975 until 1981 , when its seaworthiness was improved by the installment of ballast tank s . The forward mine section was slightly modified to allow the vessel travel in high seas . The weaponry was modernized and the gunlaying was now radar - guided . " Keihässalmi " was the flagship of the Finnish Navy and she made many visits to other countries in the 1960s . She was the official school ship of the navy from 1975 until 1979 , awaiting the replacement for the " Matti Kurki " . " Keihässalmi " was retired and turned into a museum ship in 1994 . She is currently on display at the Forum Marinum museum in Turku .
Chippelle Airfield Chippelle Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield , which is located near the commune of La Chapelle - en - Juger in the Basse - Normandie region of northern France . Located jut outside of La Chapelle - en - Juger , the United States Army Air Force established a temporary airfield shortly after D - Day on 16 June 1944 , shortly after the Allied landings in France The airfield was one of the first established in the liberated area of Normandy , being constructed by the IX Engineering Command , 820th Engineer Aviation Battalion . History . Known as Advanced Landing Ground " A - 5 " , the airfield consisted of a single 5000 ' ( 1500m ) Square - Mesh Track runway aligned 06 / 24 . In addition , with tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . The 404th Fighter Group , based P - 47 Thunderbolt fighters at Chippelle from 6 July - 29 August1944 . The fighter planes flew support missions during the Allied invasion of Normandy , patrolling roads in front of the beachhead ; stafing German military vehicles and dropping bombs on gun emplacements , anti - aircraft artillery and concentrations of German troops in Normandy and Brittany when spotted . After the Americans moved east into Central France with the advancing Allied Armies , the airfield was closed . Today , the location of the airfield is indistinguishable from the agricultural fields in the area . A memorial to the men and units that were stationed at Chippelle was placed at the site of the former airfield . It is located on D 15 after he left Le Molay Littry before Epinay and turn right and follow the signs . After crossing the railroad tracks , turn immediately left . The stele is a few hundred meters to the left near a pond . NDW : Note that some map backgrounds suggest that the road along which lies the stele cross the railway track , it seems to be the case .
USS Cassiopeia ( AK - 75 ) USS " Cassiopeia " ( AK - 75 ) was a " Crater " - class cargo ship in the service of the United States Navy in World War II . It was the only ship of to bear this name . It is named after the northern hemisphere constellation Cassiopeia . " Cassiopeia " was launched 15 November 1942 as liberty ship SS " Melville W . Fuller " ( MCE hull 504 ) by Permanente Metals Corporation , Richmond , California , under a Maritime Commission contract ; sponsored by Mrs . C . F . Calhoun ; acquired by the Navy 27 November 1942 ; and commissioned 8 December 1942 , Lieutenant Commander W . E . Carlson in command . " Cassiopeia " sailed from San Francisco 21 December 1942 with cargo for Nouméa , where she arrived 12 January 1943 . From this base , she offered essential support to the operations in the consolidation of the northern Solomons , carrying the varied necessities of war throughout the South Pacific . Between 19 June and 11 July , the cargo ship voyaged to Auckland , New Zealand , to reload , then returned with voyages from Nouméa to Guadalcanal until 9 August . Another resupply mission and a brief repair period in New Zealand preceded her resumption of South Pacific operations in November . This pattern of ferrying vital supplies in the South Pacific alternating with voyages to New Zealand to reload continued until 6 June 1945 , when " Cassiopeia " cleared Auckland for San Francisco , the Panama Canal Zone , and Norfolk , where she arrived 25 October . The cargo ship was decommissioned 21 November 1945 , and transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal the same day . " Cassiopeia " received one battle star for World War II service .
Dair Farrar - Hockley Major General Charles Dair Farrar - Hockley , MC ( born 2 December 1946 ) is a former British Army officer and a military arbitrator . He is the son of General Sir Anthony Farrar - Hockley . Military career . After schooling at Exeter School , Farrar - Hockley was commissioned in the Parachute Regiment in 1967 and served in Malta , Cyprus and Northern Ireland . As Company Commander with the 2nd Battalion , Parachute Regiment he fought at the battles of Goose Green and Wireless Ridge during the Falklands War where he won the MC . He was made Commanding Officer of the 3rd Battalion , Parachute Regiment in 1984 . He was appointed Special Briefer to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe in 1986 . After that he was appointed 19 Infantry Brigade at Colchester in 1989 and Commander of Infantry Training at Warminster in 1993 . From 1995 he assisted the Czech Chief of Defence in preparing his country ' s armed forces for entry into NATO . He was General Officer Commanding 2nd Division from 1996 until May 1999 . He is currently the Director General of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators as well as being patron of several charities .
David G . Swaim David G . Swaim ( 1834 – 1897 ) was Judge Advocate General of the United States Army from February 18 , 1881 to December 22 , 1894 . Born in Salem , Ohio , Swaim became a lawyer in 1859 . With the outbreak of the American Civil War , he joined the 65th Ohio Infantry as a first lieutenant . He was later promoted to adjutant of his regiment , and then acting adjutant of the brigade . He was wounded at the battles of Shiloh and Chickamauga and was promoted to captain . When the war ended , he remained in the Army , serving in the Judge Advocate General ' s Corps until 1879 , when President Rutherford B . Hayes appointed him Judge Advocate General and promoted him to brigadier general . In 1884 , charges of financial improprieties were levied against him , and he was suspended from duty . President Grover Cleveland reinstated him , and he retired immediately afterward . He died three years later at his home in Washington , D . C . .
Staff clerk A staff clerk is a professional specialist clerk in the British Army who is a member of an administrative corps , as opposed to a unit clerk , who is a member of the corps or regiment in which he or she works and is trained first and foremost in the duties of that unit ( as an infantry man , for instance ) . Staff clerks predominantly work in headquarters units alongside staff officer s , hence the name . Clerks working in headquarters were consolidated into the Army Service Corps ( later Royal Army Service Corps ) during the Boer War . In the McLeod Reorganisation of Army Logistics , staff clerks were transferred to the Royal Army Ordnance Corps in 1965 . In 1992 they again transferred , to the Staff and Personnel Support Branch of the Adjutant General ' s Corps and were merged with unit clerks .
William T . Martin William Thompson Martin ( March 25 , 1823 — March 16 , 1910 ) was an American lawyer and politician who became a Confederate States Army general of cavalry during the American Civil War . Biography . Born in Glasgow , Kentucky , Martin graduated from Centre College in 1844 and was admitted to the bar in Mississippi , serving multiple terms as district attorney before the war . While himself opposing secession , he raised the Adams County cavalry troops , when war broke out , riding with them to Richmond , Virginia , the new Confederate capitol . Martin quickly rose to colonel of the Jeff Davis Legion , and served with J . E . B . Stuart ' s command through Autumn 1862 . Promoted to brigadier general , Martin was ordered to the Western Theater , where he commanded divisions at the Tullahoma Campaign and the Battle of Chickamauga and served as cavalry commander under James Longstreet at Knoxville . After Longstreet ' s return to the east , Martin was promoted to major general , led a division under Joseph Wheeler at Atlanta and rose to command of the military district of Northwest Mississippi by war ' s end . After the war , Martin returned to his law practice in Mississippi , becoming a trustee of both University of Mississippi and Jefferson College in Washington , Mississippi . He served in the state senate , and was a delegate to Democratic National Conventions in 1868 , 1872 , 1876 , and 1880 . He was the president of the Natchez , Jackson , and Columbus railroad , of which he oversaw the construction in 1884 . Martin died in Natchez , Mississippi , and is buried in City Cemetery .
Kriegsschule ( Austria ) The Kriegsschule was the military academy in Vienna at which officers for the armies of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro - Hungarian Empire were trained from 1852 to 1918 . Established in 1852 , the Kriegsschule was an outgrowth of the previous centers of Austrian military scholarship : the " Kriegsarchiv " and the " Österreichische militärische Zeitschrift " ( Austrian Military Journal ) . Having been earlier suggested by the likes of officers including Joseph Radetzky von Radetz , it was organized early in the reign of Emperor Franz Josef . Among its students and faculty were such influential members of the Austro - Hungarian military as Count Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf , who attended the school and later taught tactics there from 1888 to 1892 .
First Battle of Murfreesboro The First Battle of Murfreesboro was fought on July 13 , 1862 , in Rutherford County , Tennessee , as part of the American Civil War . Troops under Confederate cavalry commander Brig . Gen . Nathan Bedford Forrest surprised and quickly overran a Federal hospital , the camps of several small Union units , and the jail and courthouse in Murfreesboro , Tennessee . All of the Union units surrendered to Forrest , and the Confederates destroyed much of the Union ' s supplies and destroyed railroad track in the area . The primary consequence of the raid was the diversion of Union forces from a drive on Chattanooga . Background . On June 10 , 1862 , Union Maj . Gen . Don Carlos Buell , commanding the Army of the Ohio , started a leisurely advance toward Chattanooga . Brig . Gen . James S . Negley and his force threatened the city on June 7 – 8 . In response to the threat , the Confederate government sent Brig . Gen . Nathan Bedford Forrest to Chattanooga to organize a cavalry brigade . By July , Confederate cavalry under the command of Forrest and Colonel John Hunt Morgan were raiding into Middle Tennessee and Kentucky . Forrest left Chattanooga on July 9 with two cavalry regiments and joined other units on the way , bringing the total force to about 1 , 400 men . The major objective was to strike Murfreesboro , an important Union supply center on the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad , at dawn on July 13 . Battle . The Murfreesboro garrison was camped in three locations around town and included detachments from four units comprising infantry , cavalry , and artillery , under the command of Brig . Gen . Thomas Turpin Crittenden , who had just arrived on July 12 . Between 4 : 15 and 4 : 30 a . m . on the morning of July 13 , Forrest ' s cavalry surprised the Union pickets on the Woodbury Pike , east of Murfreesboro , and quickly overran a Federal hospital and the camp of a detachment from the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment . Additional Confederate troops attacked the camps of the other Union commands and the jail and courthouse . By late afternoon all of the Union units had surrendered to Forrest . Aftermath . The Confederates destroyed much of the Union supplies and tore up railroad track in the area , but the main result of the raid was the diversion of Union forces from a drive on Chattanooga . This raid , along with Morgan ' s raid into Kentucky , made possible Bragg ' s concentration of forces at Chattanooga and his early September invasion of Kentucky . The next action at Murfreesboro was the more prominent Battle of Stones River ( known as the Battle of Murfreesboro in the South ) , fought December 31 , 1862 , to January 2 , 1863 .
Axel Julius De la Gardie Axel Julius de la Gardie ( 1637 – 1710 ) was a Swedish Field Marshal and was appointed Governor - General over Estonia . Axel Julius was the son of military commander Jacob De la Gardie and Ebba Brahe . He became colonel of an infantry regiment and a cavalry regiment and in 1684 he attained the rank of major general in the cavalry , and was a colonel in the Royal Guard ( Livgardet ) . In 1668 he became lieutenant general and finally , later , Field Marshal . Upon the threat of war with Russia , he received orders to command the troops in Finland and Ingria and take necessary defensive actions . At the " landtag " he held in 1676 in Åbo , the government granted the request of new war efforts . He married Sofia Juliana Arvidsdotter Forbus in 1664
Donald C . Wurster Lieutenant General Donald C . Wurster is a retired Commander , Air Force Special Operations Command , Hurlburt Field , FL . The command is a major command of the U . S . Air Force and the Air Force component of U . S . Special Operations Command . AFSOC provides Air Force Special Operations Forces for worldwide deployment and assignment to unified combatant commanders . The command has approximately 12 , 900 active - duty , Reserve , Air National Guard and civilian professionals . Life . Born in Washington , DC , Wurster was commissioned in 1973 upon graduation from the United States Air Force Academy . In 1974 , he completed undergraduate helicopter training at Fort Rucker , Alabama . He commanded special operations forces at the squadron , group , wing and subunified command level , and he served as commander of all U . S . forces assigned to Joint Task Force - 510 during Operation Enduring Freedom - Philippines . Wurster was Deputy Director , Center for Special Operations , USSOCOM from May 2004 to February 2006 . General Wurster is a command pilot with more than 4 , 000 flying hours , including assignments in both rescue and special operations . His Brother Charles D . Wurster retired in 2008 as a Vice Admiral in the US Coast Guard . The Wurster family has a record of military service dating back to the Revolutionary War . As three - star flag officers , the brothers hold the highest rank of anyone in their family . Their father , retired USAF Colonel Charles Wurster , was a F - 51 and F - 80 ( P - 80 ) pilot with the 36th Fighter Squadron in the Korean War and became one of only three pilots to score more than one “ kill ” in all of 1950 . Retirement . Lt . Gen . Wurster retired from the U . S . Air Force on Friday 24 June 2011 , handing over command of AFSOC to Lt . Gen . Eric Fiel in a ceremony held at Hurlburt Field . “ Lt . Gen . Wurster has been a brilliant and strong leader , ” said Adm . Eric Olson , commander of the U . S . Special Operations Command . “ He led by always putting people first in the air and on the ground . Today is more than a transfer of authority . We say goodbye to a great leader and friend . “ Gen . Fiel will now bring his own vision , ” Olson added . “ There will be challenges , but I ’ ve seen him face challenges before and overcome many obstacles . In the transition from one commander to another , I know ( AFSOC ) will continue to excel . ” Air Force Chief of Staff Gen . Norton Schwartz presided over the ceremony . “ This is a great time to be amongst the Special Operations Squadron , ” Schwartz said . “ Gen . Wurster will now get to enjoy fishing , hunting and life after command service . This is a new and tremendous chapter for you . "
SS Tregenna The SS " Tregenna " was a steamship built by Wm . Gray and Company Ltd . for Edward Hain & Son of St Ives , England . Originally named the " War Bulldog " , she was renamed before completion in 1919 . On 17 September 1940 , the SS " Tregenna " was sunk by while travelling in convoy north - west of Rockall . Thirty - three of the 37 crew aboard were killed , including the Master , William Thomas Care . She was " en route " from Halifax to Newport , England carrying of steel . The four survivors were rescued by the ship travelling astern of her in the convoy .
The Last Enemy ( autobiography ) The Last Enemy , published in America as Falling Through Space , is an autobiographical book by Spitfire pilot Richard Hillary . Richard Hillary was born in Sydney , Australia , on 20 April 1919 but was educated at Shrewsbury School in England and Trinity College , Oxford . He joined the Royal Air Force at the start of World War II . It covers his training and his experiences in the RAF , the Battle of Britain and his ordeal after suffering severe burns to his face and hands after a crash . He underwent plastic surgery , by the famous pioneering surgeon Archibald McIndoe and returned to flying at RAF Charterhall in November 1942 . He was lost on night training when his Blenheim crashed on the 8th January 1943 . He wrote the book in New York where he was recovering from his burns and subsequent surgery . He had gone to the United States to raise public awareness of the war in Europe , the United States not declaring war on Nazi Germany until after Hitler declared war on the USA in the wake of Pearl Harbor , although he was not allowed to appear in public himself due to fears his scarred appearance might prove counterproductive . His biographer , Denis Richards , writes that the book and its author met with instant acclaim , although the book was unusual in the depth of its storytelling : The author was acclaimed not only as a born writer but also as a representative of the doomed youth of his generation , although in his constant self - analysis he was in fact a most untypical British fighter pilot of 1940 . The book was first published in 1942 under the US title " Falling Through Space " with a cover showing an airman plummeting through the sky . However , this was felt to be inappropriate , and for the British edition a line from The Bible " The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death " ( I Corinthians 15 : 26 ) was chosen . A television adaptation was produced in 1956 .