naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Eustace IV , Count of Boulogne Eustace IV ( c . 1129 – 17 August 1153 ) , Count of Boulogne , was the eldest son of King Stephen of England and Countess Matilda I of Boulogne . When his father seized the English throne on Henry I ' s death in 1135 , he became heir apparent to the English throne . He was first mentioned in one of his parents ' charters dated no later than August 1131 . In 1137 , he did homage for Normandy to Louis VII of France , whose sister , Constance , he subsequently married in 1140 ( as a widow she remarried to Count Raymond V of Toulouse ) . Eustace was knighted in 1147 , at which date he was probably from sixteen to eighteen years of age . In 1151 he joined Louis in an abortive raid upon Normandy , which had accepted the title of the Empress Matilda , and was now defended by her husband , Geoffrey of Anjou . At a council held in London on 6 April 1152 , Stephen induced a small number of barons to pay homage to Eustace as their future king ; but the Archbishop of Canterbury , Theobald of Bec , and the other bishops declined to perform the coronation ceremony on the grounds that the Roman curia had declared against the claim of Eustace . Eustace died suddenly the next year , in early August 1153 , struck down ( so it was said ) by the wrath of God while plundering church lands near Bury St Edmunds . The death of Eustace was hailed with general satisfaction as opening the possibility of a peaceful settlement between Stephen and his rival , the young Henry of Anjou . According to William of Newburgh , King Stephen was " " grieved beyond measure by the death of the son whom he hoped would succeed him ; he pursued warlike preparations less vigorously , and listened more patiently than usual to the voices of those urging peace " . " The " Peterborough Chronicle " , not content with voicing this sentiment , gives Eustace a bad character . " He was an evil man and did more harm than good wherever he went ; he spoiled the lands and laid thereon heavy taxes . " He had used threats against the recalcitrant bishops , and in the war against the Angevin party had demanded contributions from religious houses ; these facts perhaps suffice to account for the verdict of the chronicler . He was buried in Faversham Abbey in Kent , which was founded by his parents . They too were buried in Faversham Abbey ; all three tombs are now lost , as a consequence of the Dissolution of the Monasteries .
129th Infantry Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 129th Infantry Division ( " German : Hessen - Thuerinische 129 . Infanterie - Division " ) was an Infantry Division of the German Army during World War II . History . The 129th Infantry Division was formed in Hanau , in Wehrkreis XI on 20 October 1940 as Division 11 and incorporated personnel from Hessen and Thuringia . Elements of 9th , 33rd and 251st Infantry Divisions formed approximately 30 % of the division . After the training of the division ended in April 1941 , it was sent to East Prussia and took part in Operation Barbarossa . As part of Army Group Center , the division fought in several battles of the central sector of the Eastern Front , such as those in Białystok , Smolensk and Vyazma . In October – November 1941 the division suffered heavy casualties defending the Kalinin Bridgehead and on 25 December it absorbed the 326th and 369th Regiments of the destroyed 162nd Infantry Division . The 236th Artillery Regiment of 162nd Infantry Division was incorporated into the 129th Artillery Regiment of the Division as well . The following year it took part in the heavy fighting near Rzhev , where it remained from November 1941 to early March 1943 . After the retreat from Rzhev , the division fought in Bryansk , Mogilev and Vitebsk , while it was reinforced with the 566th Grenadier Regiment of the 390th Field Training Division . Due to the high losses suffered in central Belorussia , namely in Bobruisk and Baranovka , it was reorganised in July 1944 . Under the leadership of Generalmajor Heribert von Larisch , the 129th Infantry Division distinguished itself in the defensive battles in Narew river and was referenced in the Wehrmachtbericht on 12 September 1944 . In January 1944 , the division was still fighting near Narew , in Różan , but was soon forced to retreat . The 129th Infantry Division was eventually destroyed in East Prussia and disbanded around February . The surviving elements were transferred into the 4th Army and fought in the last battles in East Prussia . The Headquarters of the division served as the " Kommandatur " of Frisches Haff .
Stratagems ( book ) Stratagems ( ) is a work by Frontinus , a collection of examples of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history , ostensibly for the use of generals . Frontinus is assumed to have written " Strategems " towards the end of the first century AD , possibly in connection with a lost work on military theory . Frontinus is best known as a writer on water engineering , but he had a distinguished military career . In " Stratagems " he draws partly on his own experience as a general in Germany under Domitian . However , most of the ( more than five hundred ) examples which he gives are less recent , and similarities to versions in other Roman authors like Valerius Maximus and Livy suggest that he drew mainly on literary sources . The work consists of four books , of which three are undoubtedly by Frontinus . The authenticity of the fourth book has been challenged .
Hansa - Brandenburg G . I The Hansa - Brandenburg G . I was a bomber aircraft used to equip the Austro - Hungarian aviation corps in World War I . It was a mostly conventional large , three - bay biplane with staggered wings of slightly unequal span . The pilot and bombardier sat in a large open cockpit at the nose of the aircraft , with a second open cockpit for a gunner in a dorsal position behind the wings . An unusual feature was the placement of the twin tractor engines . While the normal practice of the day was to mount these to the wings , either directly or on struts , the G . I had the engines mounted to the sides of the fuselage on lattices of steel struts . This arrangement added considerable weight to the aircraft and transmitted a lot of vibration to the airframe . A small initial production batch of six aircraft was delivered by March 1917 , but were all grounded soon thereafter and put into storage due to a contractual dispute between the manufacturer and " Flars " ( the Imperial and Royal Aviation Arsenal ) . When this was resolved , deliveries recommenced , although the size of the order was reduced , and the bombers were modified by Flars before being sent to the Divača airfield , on the Italian Front . Twelve aircraft were built by UFAG and differed slightly from the German - built machines . The G . I eventually equipped three squadrons plus a replacement unit , but reports from pilots were unfavourable , especially in comparison to the Gotha G . IV that was becoming available . The Hansa - Brandenburg machine was therefore quickly relegated to training duties . In the three months that these aircraft had been at the front , they had only carried out a single successful sortie . As a footnote to the G . I ' s military service , the type also served as a testbed in experiments in mounting large - caliber cannon on aircraft ; flying with nose - mounted 50 mm ( 2 in ) and ( separately ) 70 mm ( 2 . 75 in ) Skoda weapons , and a 37 mm ( 1 . 46 in ) Skoda cannon mounted in the dorsal gunner ' s position .
Battle of Norada The Battle of Norada was a battle of Japan ' s Sengoku period , fought between forces under Azai Nagamasa and Rokkaku Yoshikata in the year 1560 . Azai Nagamasa had previously been a retainer under the Rokkaku clan , and sought independence from the Rokkaku ; Rokkaku Yoshikata meanwhile sought to consolidate his power through subjugation of the Azai . Rokkaku Yoshikata ' s force numbered 25 , 000 and outnumbered Azai Nagamasa ' s force by over two to one as it counted only 11 , 000 . Both sides arrived on the battlefield unimpeded and even before engaging , Rokkaku troops defeats the army of Dodo Kuranosuke . After that easy skirmish they believed they had already won the battle . Highly motivated under Nagamasa , his troops charged unintimidated and in the chaos of the battle , the Rokkaku force collapsed and retreated under heavy losses . The Azai clan ousted their defunct leader Azai Hisamasa , replacing him with Nagamasa . The Rokkaku clan fell into disarray with retainers questioning Yoshikata ' s rule ; his strength weakened never to recover to its height .
Adolf VI , Count of Berg Count Adolf VI of Berg ( born before 1176 – died 7 August 1218 at Damiette during the Hungarian crusade against Egypt ) ruled the County of Berg from 1197 until 1218 . Life . He was the son of Engelbert I of Berg and Margaret of Geldern , and the oldest brother of Engelbert II of Berg ( 1185 – 1225 ) , also known as Engelbert of Cologne or Saint Engelbert . Adolf married Berta von Sayn ( died 1244 ) , a daughter of Henry II von Sayn and Agnes zu Saffenberg . They had one daughter : In 1212 Adolf took part to the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathars . And in 1215 he took over the Kaiserpfalz Kaiserswerth . Adolf left on 1218 with the Fifth Crusade to Egypt and died on 7 August 1218 of a plague as commander of the Lower - Rhenish and Frisian troops in Damiette , in the delta of the Nile . His brother , the Archbishop Engelbert II of Berg followed him as ruler of Berg , which later went to the husband of Adolf ' s daughter , Irmgard of Berg . Notes . Adolf VI , Count of Berg is named Adolf III , Count of Berg in the Netherlands and in Germany Literature . Alberic of Troisfontaines ( MGH , Scriptores XXIII ) . - Annales Rodenses ( MGH , Scriptores , XVI ) . - Annalista Saxo ( MGH , Scriptores VI ) . – Gesta Trevirorum ( MGH , Scriptores VIII ) . – MGH , Diplomata . – REK I - II . – Rheinisches UB . – Hömberg , “ Geschichte . ” – Jackman , “ Counts of Cologne . ” – Jackman , Criticism . – Klebel , E . “ Niederösterreich und der Stammbaum der Grafen von Görz und Schwarzburg . ” Unsere Heimat . Monatsblatt des Vereins für Landeskunde von Niederösterreich 23 ( 1952 ) 111 - 23 . – Kluger , “ Propter claritatem generis . ” – Kraus , Entstehung . – Lück , D . “ Der Avelgau , die erste fassbare Gebietseinteilung an der unteren Sieg . ” In : Heimatbuch der Stadt Siegburg I . Ed . H . J . Roggendorf . Siegburg , 1964 . pp . 223 – 85 . – Lück , D . “ In pago Tuizichgowe – Anmerkungen zum Deutzgau . ” Rechtsrheinisches Köln 3 ( 1977 ) 1 - 9 . – Milz , “ Vögte . ” – Schmale , “ Anfänge . ” – Tyroller , “ Genealogie . ” – Wunder , G . “ Die Nichten des Erzbischofs Friedrich von Köln . ” AHVN 164 ( 1962 ) 192 - 6 . – Wunder , G . “ Die Verwandtschaft des Erzbischofs Friedrich I . von Köln . Ein Beitrag zur abendländischen Verflechtung des Hochadels im Mittelalter . ” AHVN 166 ( 1964 ) 25 - 54 .
Servizio Informazioni Militare The Italian Military Intelligence Service ( , or SIM ) ( from 1900 to 1949 ) was the military intelligence organization for the Royal Army ( " Regio Esercito " ) of the Kingdom of Italy ( " Regno d ' Italia " ) from 1900 until 1946 , and of the Italian Republic until 1949 . SIM was Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini ' s equivalent to the German Abwehr . SIM had a large , well - organized cryptologic group , Section 5 ( " Sezione 5 " ) . Section 5 produced codes and ciphers for the Royal Army and higher level enciphered codes for the Royal Navy .
German submarine U - 391 German submarine " U - 391 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out one patrol . She did not sink or damage any ships . She was sunk by a British aircraft northwest of Cape Ortegal in Spain in October 1943 . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 9 January 1942 at the " Howaldtswerke " ( yard ) at Flensburg as ' werk ' 23 , launched on 5 March and commissioned on 24 April 1943 under the command of " Oberleutnant " Gert Dültgen . The boat was a member of three wolfpack s . She served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla from 24 April 1943 and the 3rd flotilla from 1 October of the same year . Patrol and loss . The boat departed Kiel on 23 October 1943 . Passing through the ' gap ' that separates Iceland and the Faroe Islands , she was attacked by a Vickers Wellington of No . 179 Squadron RAF on 28 November . On 13 December , she was attacked and sunk by depth charge s dropped from a British B - 24 Liberator of 53 Squadron on the western edge of the Bay of Biscay , northwest of Cape Ortegal in Spain . 51 men died in the U - boat ; there were no survivors .
Clark Amendment The Clark Amendment was an amendment to the U . S . Arms Export Control Act of 1976 , named for its sponsor , Senator Dick Clark ( D - Iowa ) . The amendment barred aid to private groups engaged in military or paramilitary operations in Angola . Even after the Clark amendment became law , however , then - Director of Central Intelligence , George H . W . Bush , refused to concede that all U . S . aid to Angola had ceased . According to foreign affairs analyst Jane Hunter , Israel stepped in as a proxy arms supplier for the United States after the Clark Amendment took effect . The Clark Amendment was repealed by the U . S . Congress in July 1985 . Visiting The Heritage Foundation on October 5 , 1989 , the ultimate beneficiary of the Clark Amendment ' s repeal , Jonas Savimbi ' s UNITA , praised the Heritage Foundation for its critical role in advocating the repeal of the amendment . " When we come to the Heritage Foundation , " Savimbi said , " It is like coming back home . We know that our success here in Washington in repealing the Clark Amendment and obtaining American assistance for our cause is very much associated with your efforts . This foundation has been a source of great support . The UNITA leadership knows this , and it is also known in Angola . "
10 cm Nebelwerfer 40 The 10 cm Nebelwerfer 40 ( 10 cm NbW 40 ) was a heavy mortar used by Germany during the Second World War . Much like the American M2 4 . 2 inch mortar it was intended to deliver chemical munitions , such as gas and smoke shells , as well as ordinary high - explosive shells . It was derived from Rheinmetall ' s Nebelwerfer 51 and 52 prototypes of the late Thirties which were attempts to develop a more accurate and longer - ranged mortar than the 10 cm Nebelwerfer 35 . The NbW 40 is one of the better examples of German over - engineering since it fired a slightly heavier bomb over twice as far as the NbW 35 , but weighed almost eight times more than the earlier model . It was an innovative breech - loading design with the wheels permanently attached to the carriage , from which it was fired , and which wasn ' t disassembled for transport . It replaced the NbW 35 in ( " smoke or fog - thrower " ) battalions belonging to the Chemical Corps of the Heer ; exactly how the American fielded their own M2s in chemical mortar battalion s . It was replaced by the 15 cm Nebelwerfer 41 multiple rocket launcher from 1941 . Operational use . They began to replace the " 10 cm Nebelwerfer 35 " mortars from late 1941 in the " Nebelwerfer " battalions , and " Gebirgs - Werfer - Abteilung ( Mountain Mortar Battalion ) 10 " plus the first battalion of the " Nebel - Lehr Regiment ( Demonstration Regiment ) " and saw service in the North Africa , Finland and Russia .
HMS Dragon ( 1760 ) HMS " Dragon " was a 74 - gun " Bellona " - class third - rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 4 March 1760 at Deptford . She was commissioned in 1760 , under the command of the Hon . Augustus Hervey , as part of the Western Squadron . In October 1761 she sailed for the Leeward Islands , and until March 1763 was engaged in naval operations in the Caribbean , including the siege of Havannah in 1762 . as part of the Seven Years ' War . In March 1763 she was paid off , and recommissioned as a guardship at Portsmouth in May 1763 , where she served until once again paid off in 1770 . From 1781 she was employed as a Receiving Ship at Portsmouth , before being finally paid off in 1783 , and she was sold out of the service in 1784 . Notes . " This article includes data donated from the National Maritime Museum Wikipedia GLAM National Maritime Museum Warship Histories ] project "
Ji Hongchang Ji Hongchang , ( Chinese : 吉鴻昌 , original name Ji Hengli , 1895 – 1934 ) was a Chinese general and patriot . Hongchang was born in Fugou , Henan province of China . He started his military career in 1913 under the leadership of Gen . Feng Yuxiang . He was the commander of the 22nd Army when he was nominated as Ningxia chairman . Refusing to attack the Red Army led by the Communist Party while the whole country was threatened by Japan , he was sacked by Chiang Kai - shek and ordered to " observe and study " abroad . He returned to China in 1932 . In May 1933 , he helped to organize the Chahar People ' s Anti - Japanese Army together with Feng Yuxiang and Fang Zhenwu and directed it along the front line against the Japanese invaders . The army recovered the Japanese - controlled Duolun ( now in Inner Mongolia ) and built nationwide confidence to fight against the Japanese . In October , the People ' s Army was extinguished , by Chiang Kai - shek who mobilized sixteen divisions against them . Ji Hongchang fought on for a while before steathily seeking asylum in Tianjin ' s extraterritory in Jan 1934 . Chiang ' s policy to " extinguish the outlaws ( the Communists ) before fighting against invaders " disappointed him . As a result he joined the Communist Party in March 1934 . On April 24 , Ji established the " Great Anti - Fascism Alliance of Chinese People " in Tianjin , with Feng Yuxiang , and Fang Zhenwu . Kuomintang agents injured Ji Hongchang in an assassination attempt on Nov 9th , and colluded with French police in extraditing Ji Hongchang for execution in Peking on Nov 24th . Before his death , Ji reportedly asked his executioner for a chair , citing that he was a patriot fighting Japanese invaders and therefore should neither be kneeling nor falling when he dies , as well as demanding to be shot from the front , as he wanted to " see how the enemy ' s bullet kills me " .
John F . Williams John Francis Williams ( January 7 , 1887 – May 29 , 1953 ) was an Army National Guard Major General who served as Chief of the National Guard Bureau during World War II . Early life . John Francis Williams was born in Wilkes - Barre , Pennsylvania on January 7 , 1887 , and raised in Pierce City , Missouri . He enlisted in the 2nd Infantry regiment of the Missouri National Guard in March , 1903 , and was discharged in September , 1904 with the rank of private . He worked as the manager of zinc mines in Missouri until attending college , graduating from the University of Missouri in 1911 . He then became a reporter and editor for the St . Louis Star and other Missouri newspapers . World War I . When the United States entered World War I in April 1917 , he was commissioned a First Lieutenant in the 128th Machine Gun Battalion , 35th Infantry Division , and served in France until returning home in 1919 . Following the war , Williams became a reporter for the Kansas City Star and editor for the Joplin Globe , later the Joplin News - Herald . Post World War I . From 1922 to 1936 Williams was Director of Publications for the University of Missouri . Williams again entered the military when he was appointed Major in June 1921 and became commander of the 128th Field Artillery Regiment with the rank of Colonel in April 1923 . In 1935 he was appointed Deputy Chief of the National Guard Bureau as a Brigadier General , and also served as Chief of the NGB Regulations and Personnel Divisions . In 1936 he acted as Chief of the National Guard Bureau prior to Albert H . Blanding assuming the post . World War II . He was appointed as Chief of the National Guard Bureau in January 1940 , with the rank of Major General , and served for the entire duration of the US involvement in World War II . During his tenure Williams lobbied to ensure that the National Guard would be considered in the Army ' s post - war plans , and that it would be included in the newly organized United States Air Force . Awards and decorations . Williams received the Distinguished Service Medal in recognition of his World War II service . Death and burial . Following retirement in January 1946 , Williams moved to Pasadena , California , where he died from cancer on May 29 , 1953 . He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery , Section 3 , Site 1872 - B .
William Stone Hubbell William Stone Hubbell ( April 19 , 1837 – August 28 , 1930 ) was a United States Army captain during the American Civil War , and a recipient of the Medal of Honor . Biography . Hubbell entered army service at North Stonington ( New London County ) , Connecticut . Captain Hubbell served in Company A of the 21st Connecticut Infantry at the Battle of Chaffin ' s Farm . In that battle on September 30 , 1864 , at Fort Harrison , Virginia , he led out a small flanking party , engaged a Confederate force and at great risk captured a large number of prisoners . For this action , Hubbell was awarded the Medal of Honor on June 13 , 1894 . William Stone Hubbell died on August 28 , 1930 . He is buried in Indian Hill Cemetery , Middletown , Connecticut . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Captain , Company A , 21st Connecticut Infantry . Place and date : At Fort Harrison , Va . , September 30 , 1864 . Entered service at : North Stonington , Conn . Born : April 19 , 1837 , Wolcottville , Conn . Date of issue : June 13 , 1894 . Citation : Led out a small flanking party and by a clash and at great risk captured a large number of prisoners .
Johann Baldauf Johann Baldauf ( 14 December 1918 – 21 May 1960 ) was a highly decorated Feldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Anthony Antoncich Flight - Sergent Anthony Mark Antoncich DFM ( 17 October 1917 – 5 October 1998 ) was a member of the Royal Air Force in the Second World War . He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal in 1943 for service in West Africa . The award was officially presented on 11 June 1953 in Rhodesia by the Governor of Northern Rhodesia . The award was made for two separate attacks on U - boat submarines in difficult conditions . Born at Keetmanshoop , South West Africa , he attended Selborne College , East London , South Africa . In 1939 , Anthony was living in Umtali , Rhodesia when he joined the Rhodesian Air Force at Salisbury and was subsequently drafted into the Royal Air Force in 1941 .
Margaretha Sandra Margaretha Sandra ( Middelburg , 1629 – Aardenburg , Zeeland , 1674 ) , was a Dutch heroine , known for participation in the defence of Aardenburg during the siege of the French in 1672 . The small fortress town had few soldiers so the women dressed themselves as soldiers and manned the city walls to appear to be soldiers to the enemy . They managed to hold the city until reinforcements arrived without losses . Margaretha Sandra made ammunition during the battle and has been pointed out as a representative for all the women taking part in the defence .