naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ernst Meiners Dr . Ernst Meiners ( 13 June 1893 – 11 June 1959 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
SM UB - 131 SM " UB - 131 " was a German Type UB III submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 4 July 1918 as SM " UB - 131 " . " UB - 131 " was surrendered on 24 November 1918 in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany . Construction . She was built by AG Weser of Bremen and following just under a year of construction , launched at Bremen on 4 June 1918 . " UB - 131 " was commissioned later the same year . Like all Type UB III submarines , " UB - 131 " carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a deck gun . " UB - 131 " would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of . " UB - 131 " had a displacement of while surfaced and when submerged . Her engines enabled her to travel at when surfaced and when submerged .
Swordstaff A Swordstaff ( Svärdstav ) is a Scandinavian polearm , used in the medieval ages . It is made by placing a blade at the end of a staff , thus giving the same benefits of a sword with the range of a spear or polearm . This helps the soldier fighting enemies both on foot and mounted . The length of the weapon makes it easier to fight mounted opponents , while the blade is still handy enough to use in close combat , as opposed to using a spear which is ineffective at close range because only the tip can be used to attack with , or a sword which makes hurting mounted enemies significantly harder . The greater length of the weapon would also help when fighting more heavily armed opponents , since an attack can be executed with considerably more force due to the length of the weapon . Evidence of the weapon in use at the Battle of Elfsborg ( Alvesborg ) 1502 is provided by Paul Dolstein , a landsknecht mercenary who fought in the battle , who refers to the Swedes carrying " good pikes made from swords " . He also provides sketches of the weapon . Although Dolstein believed the weapon was made from swords , there is no independent confirmation of this . Origins . The weapon has visual similarities to the partisan and Langue de boeuf and may share common origins . However , Scandinavian Sagas make references to a number of pole weapons , usually translated as halberd or bill . These weapons are used to cut and to stab but their names suggest they were derived from the spear rather than a cutting weapon e . g . the Hewing Spear ( höggspjót ) and the atgeir . While clearly identifiable artistic or archaeological evidence of the form of these weapons is lacking , it is possible that the swordstaff may be a late derivative of this family of weapons . External links . For discussion , contemporary illustrations and reconstruction see
Douglas War Memorial The war memorial in Douglas , Isle of Man is dedicated to those who died during World War I and World War II . The rolls of names are segregated by service and year of death . The inscriptions on the memorial read : Design . The memorial , including the statue at top , stands about high and has a stone base rising in four steps , upon which is a tall column of Manx granite , surmounted by the three ton figure of a soldier called " The Manxman " . It was designed to have a flower garden and guard rail surrounding it and stands on what was once a bandstand area . The front facade features sculptures of a wreath and holy cross . Rolls of names and copper vases for flowers are affixed to the base . The monument was designed by Ewart Crellin ( 1887 – 1950 ) who also designed the Lezayre War Memorial while sculptures were carved by Harry Hems & Co . of Exeter who also carved the St . Matthews War Memorial . The design was unveiled to the public in 1922 . The monument was erected in May 1924 . The monument was dedicated only to the fallen members of World War I due to the date of its design and introduction . Names of fallen World War II members were later incorporated into the statue . Location . The memorial is located midway along the Loch Promenade , across from the Villa Marina , in Douglas , Isle of Man .
Yokosuka Castle History . During the Muromachi period , the Imagawa clan ruled Suruga and Tōtōmi Province s from their base at Sunpu ( modern - day Shizuoka City ) . After Imagawa Yoshimoto was defeated at the Battle of Okehazama , Tōtōmi passed to Tokugawa Ieyasu , who ordered his retainer Ōsuga Yasutaka to build a castle at Yokosuka , on the coast south of Kakegawa in 1580 . During the Edo period , Yokosuka Castle passed through a number of daimyō before coming under the control of the Nishio clan in 1682 , under whose control it remained until the Meiji Restoration in 1868 . Yokosuka Castle was noteworthy in that it used rounded boulders from the Tenryū River in the walls of its moats , instead of cut stone . The keep was a four - story , three - roof structure . The keep was destroyed in an earthquake in 1707 , and was not rebuilt . Today , a portion of the moats and earthen walls remain . The site is a Japanese National Historic Monument , and a local history museum has been built within the site of the former main bailey .
Anayama Nobukimi , also known as Baisetsu Nobukimi , was a Japanese samurai . He was the son of Anayama Nobutomo and a nephew of Takeda Shingen . He became famous as one the " Twenty - Four Generals of Takeda Shingen " . He fought for his uncle at the Battle of Kawanakajima ( 1561 ) , the Battle of Mikatagahara ( 1573 ) , and the Battle of Nagashino before defecting to the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu , aiding him in his campaign against Takeda Katsuyori . He was rewarded by Tokugawa with a fief in Kai Province for his service , but was killed by Takeda sympathizers soon afterwards . He was given a castle at Ejiri and land in Suruga province after it was taken by Takeda Shingen in 1569 , and remained there for a decade . He maintained an important place in the Takeda hierarchy under Takeda Katsuyori , and led a large body of troops at the Battle of Nagashino in 1575 . He appeared to have had some falling out with Katsuyori , and this may have influenced his decision to betray the Takeda clan and join Tokugawa Ieyasu even before the issue was decided . His change of allegiance was fleeting , however . Just a few months later , he accompanied Tokugawa to the capital region and was forced to flee when Akechi Mitsuhide rebelled . He took a different route home than Ieyasu and the others , and was killed . One legend has it that vengeful Takeda men had committed the murder after tracking him for weeks . He had one son , Anayama Nobukimi , who lived for just fifteen years , 1572 to 1587 .
Siege of Kuwabara The siege of Kuwabara took place the day after the siege of Uehara ; Takeda Shingen continued to gain power in Shinano Province by seizing Kuwabara castle from Suwa Yorishige . Suwa was escorted back to the provincial capital of Kōfu under the pretext of safe conduct , but he was then forced to commit suicide .
Japanese destroyer Suzutsuki On 6 – 7 April 1945 , " Suzutsuki " escorted from the Inland Sea on her attack mission against the Allied forces fighting on Okinawa . Her bow was torn off by a torpedo from aircraft of Task Force 58 , but survived and returned to Sasebo , by steaming in reverse the whole way . She , her sister , , and ( sunk two days later by a mine off the Inland Sea ) , survived the ordeal , despite suffering heavy damage , but " Yamato " , and five escorts , , , , and were all sunk with heavy losses of life . Some of the survivors were picked up by " Suzutsuki " . Following the end of the war , " Suzutsuki " was initially used as a breakwater at Takamatsu in November 1945 , then was sold for scrap that same month after her name was delisted from the Navy List on 20 November .
Battle of Río de Oro The Battle of Río de Oro was a single - ship action fought in August 1914 during the First World War . The British protected cruiser HMS " Highflyer " attacked the German auxiliary cruiser SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse off the small Spanish Sahara n territory of Río de Oro . Background . Under the command of Max Reymann , the German Navy ship was originally a passenger liner , built in 1897 , a part of the German merchant fleet , until requisitioned for service at the outbreak of World War I and fitted with six 4 - inch guns and two 37 - millimeter guns . The German vessel set steam for a commerce raiding mission in the Atlantic Ocean . Commanded by Henry T . Buller , The Royal Navy ship , was a protected cruiser built in 1898 with eleven 6 - inch guns , nine 12 - pounder gun s , six 3 pounder guns and two torpedo tubes . She had been detached to support the 5th Cruiser Squadron in hunting the German raider . Battle . The battle off Rio de Oro on 26 August 1914 began when the German raider " Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse " was caught by surprise in a harbor , taking on coal from three German and Austrian colliers . " Highflyer " , badly outgunning the German auxiliary cruiser , first demanded surrender but the German commander argued that the British had violated Spain ' s neutrality . The British disregarded this because the Germans had already violated Spain ' s neutrality by taking over a week to resupply in a neutral port . So a battle began , from 3 : 10 pm to 4 : 45 pm the two ships bombarded each other , sometimes dodging the shots . Eventually " Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse " exhausted her ammunition and began to flee the battle . Now out of ammunition , running from several larger guns , the crew scuttled their ship and abandoned her to the Atlantic . The German sailors made it to shore and escaped into the Saharan Desert . Aftermath . British sources at the time insisted the German auxiliary cruiser was sunk by " Highflyer " s crew but eventually stories from the surviving German seamen began to circulate , thus ending Britain ' s claim . Despite whether or not the Germans scuttled their ship or whether the British sank the raider , the British were still responsible for the raiders ' end . " Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse " became the first passenger liner to sink during World War I . For years , the wreck of the German commerce raider was identifiable because its starboard side remained above the waterline until the ship was scrapped in 1952 . One Briton was killed and six others wounded . German casualties are unknown .
East and West Riding Regiment The East and West Riding Regiment was a regiment of the British Territorial Army from 1999 to 2006 . History . The regiment was formed in 1999 by the amalgamation of the 3rd Battalion , The Prince of Wales ' s Own Regiment of Yorkshire ( Yorkshire Volunteers ) , the 3rd Battalion , The Duke of Wellington ' s Regiment ( Yorkshire Volunteers ) and the King ' s Own Yorkshire Yeomanry ( Light Infantry ) due to the reforms implemented in consequence of the Strategic Defence Review . The regimental headquarters was based at Pontefract and the regiment , part of 15 ( North East ) Brigade , comprised one small Headquarter Company and 5 Rifle Companies : No new cap badge was created for this regiment , soldiers wore their former regimental cap badge or were badged according to the company they joined . Headquarter Company was a composite company with TA posts initially allocated proportionally by cap badge - 20 % LI / 40 % PWO / 40 % DWR . Subsequently all new Headquarter Company recruits were badged Light Infantry or by trade . The regimental crest was a combination of the Light Infantry and the Prince of Wales ' s Own Regiment of Yorkshire cap badges and crest from the Duke of Wellington ' s Regiment . During the summer of 2004 the regiment adopted a single Tactical Recognition Flash ( TRF ) of the White Rose of Yorkshire on a black background ( this design was previously used by the 49th ( West Riding ) Infantry Division between the WWI and early in WWII ) . The official Army abbreviation for the Regiment was " E and WRR " . In November 2004 the regiment dispatched a composite company ( Normandy Company ) to Basra , Iraq as part of 4th Mechanized Brigade of the Multi - National Division ( South East ) for a 6 - month tour - of - duty . During this tour the Company suffered one fatality , Private Mark Stephen Dobson , who was found dead in his accommodation at Basrah Air Station on 28 March 2005 . The regiment contributed soldiers to each of the Operation TELIC deployments during the life of the regiment . As part of the Future Infantry Structure ( FIS ) restructuring of the army announced in 2004 , the Light Infantry company was replaced by a company of Green Howards . The regiment became the 4th Battalion [ 4 YORKS ] of the newly created Yorkshire Regiment ( 14th / 15th , 19th and 33rd / 76th Foot ) on 6 June 2006 . HQ company & four infantry companies ( Duke of Wellington ' s and Prince of Wales ' s Own ) transferred to 4th Battalion , The Yorkshire Regiment . Minden ( Light Infantry ) Company ( ex Kings Own Yorkshire Yeomanry ) transferred to 5th Battalion Royal Regiment of Fusiliers .
No . 171 Squadron RAF No . 171 Squadron RAF was a Royal Air Force Squadron that was a coastal reconnaissance and radio countermeasures unit in World War II . History . Formation in World War II . The squadron formed in 15 June 1942 at Gatwick and equipped with Tomahawk and then Mustang aircraft , it was disbanded in December 1942 and then reformed on 8 September 1944 at North Creake , equipped with Stirling III and then Halifax Radio Countermeasures aircraft . It finally disbanded on 27 July 1945 .
German Armed Forces Badge for Military Proficiency The German Armed Forces Badge for Military Proficiency ( German : " " ) is a decoration of the Bundeswehr , the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany . The decoration is awarded to and worn by German soldiers of all ranks . Allied soldiers may also be awarded the badge , subject to their nations ' uniform regulations . In the United States Army , the German Armed Forces Badge for Military Proficiency is one of several hundred foreign awards approved for wear on the uniform . Requirements . To earn the award one must complete the following requirements : 1 . Evaluation Report : 2 . First Aid Course : 3 . NBC Test : 4 . German Physical Fitness test : 5 . The requirements for the marksmanship event have changed : New : 6 shots at 1 target placed at 25 meters ; shooter fires from 3 firing positions with a 15 second time limit . ( The first shot is done without cocking the hammer back . ) 6 . The requirements for the rucksack march ( ruck march ) have changed : New : Rucksack weight 15 kg ( 33 pounds ) ; for Bronze 6 km in 60 min ; Silver 9 km in 90 min ; Gold 12 km in 120 min ; no differences between gender and age . Alternative ( Navy personnel only ) : Swimming in clothes Design . The badge is round on its center and displays the German eagle surrounded by a wreath of oak leaves . The badge can be in gold , silver or bronze . An " R " is placed at the bottom for those who have earned the badge while a Reservist . The ribbon is all black with a small clasp of the decoration attached to it . These ribbons are not permitted for wearing on the uniform by official dress code . A ribbon may only be worn on civil dress . Wear by allied military forces . Correct wear on the US Army uniform . The badge can be worn on the US Army Class A and ASU jacket . It can be worn by both enlisted and officers . The regulations for wear can be found on AR - 670 - 1 , section 29 - 19 part B . It states the following :
Commander - in - Chief , Ireland Commander - in - Chief , Ireland was title of the commander of British forces in Ireland before 1922 . In the Republic of Ireland , the role nominally is held by the President of Ireland today as the supreme commander of the Defence Forces . Commanders - in - Chief , Ireland , 1700 - 1922 . Holders of the post have included :
George Stewart , 9th Seigneur d ' Aubigny George Stewart ( or Stuart ) , 9th Seigneur d ' Aubigny ( 17 July 1618 – 23 October 1642 ) was a Scottish nobleman and Royalist commander in the English Civil War . He was the son of Esmé Stewart , 3rd Duke of Lennox , and his wife Katherine Clifton , 2nd Baroness Clifton , and the brother of James Stewart , 1st Duke of Richmond and 4th Duke of Lennox , and of the Royalist commander Lord Bernard Stewart . Stewart , his older brother Henry , and younger brother Ludovic were brought up at Aubigny in France as Roman Catholics under the charge of their paternal grandmother , the old Duchess - Dowager , Katherine de Balsac . Stewart ' s father , the Duke of Lennox , died in 1624 , and Stewart became a ward of his cousin , King Charles I of England . He inherited the Lordship of Aubigny at the age of 14 on the death of his elder brother Henry in 1632 . By 1633 , he was a student at the Collège de Navarre , part of the University of Paris , and he did homage to Louis XIII of France for the lordship of Aubigny on 5 August 1636 , shortly after his eighteenth birthday . Later that year he moved to England . In 1638 he secretly married Katherine Howard , the daughter of Theophilus Howard , 2nd Earl of Suffolk , and Elizabeth Home , without her father ' s consent , offending his guardian the king . The portrait of Stewart by Anthony van Dyck , now in the National Portrait Gallery , London , may have been painted to mark his marriage ; the Latin inscription can be translated " Love is stronger than I am " which may allude to his conflicting loyalties . His younger brothers Lords John and Bernard are shown in a still more famous double Van Dyck portrait in the National Gallery , London - the iconic image of Cavalier s . They were also both killed in the Civil War . George Stewart and Katherine Howard had two children : He fought with the French against the Spanish in the Battle of Montjuïc ( 1641 ) . As civil war loomed in England , Stewart joined the forces of King Charles at York where he was knighted on 18 April 1642 along with his brother Bernard . He was mortally wounded in the first pitched battle of the war at Edgehill on Sunday 23 October 1642 , aged 24 . He was buried in Christ Church Cathedral , Oxford . The lordship of Aubigny passed to his next brother , Ludovic , on his death . His widow remarried James Levingston , 1st Earl of Newburgh and had one further child Elizabeth . They were suspected in 1648 of plotting to rescue Charles I and on the discovery of the supposed plot fled to the Netherlands where Katherine died in 1650 .
War Activities Committee of the Motion Pictures Industry The War Activities Committee of the Motion Pictures Industry was a group formed by the Motion picture industry to assist the US government during the Second World War . It distributed many government produced propaganda films and organized war bond drives .
RFA Tidespring ( A75 ) RFA " Tidespring " ( A75 ) was a of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary . As an " oiler , " its main purpose was to refuel other ships . The ship had a long career in the RFA , entering service in the early 1960s , and finally being decommissioned in 1991 . " Tidespring " took part in the Falklands War , particularly in the recapture of South Georgia . At the time , it was carrying M Company ( Captain Chris Nunn Royal Marines ) of 42 Commando Royal Marines . The ship accommodated prisoners of war taken during operations . The Falklands provided a reprieve of ten years for " Tidespring " which had been due to decommission in 1982 . She eventually sailed from Portsmouth in tow on 20 March 1992 for the breakers , arriving in Alang , India for demolition on 2 July 1992 .
George Bulman ( pilot ) Group Captain Paul Ward Spencer Bulman CBE , MC , AFC and Bar ( 1896 – 6 May 1963 ) , universally known as George Bulman , was a pilot whose flying life spanned thirty years ( 1915 – 1945 ) . Early years . Bulman was born in Luton in 1896 the son of Thomas and Eveline Bulman , his father was a Church of England clergyman . First World War . He transferred from the Honourable Artillery Company to the Royal Flying Corps early in the First World War . He continued in the Royal Air Force until 1925 and was a test pilot in the Royal Aircraft Establishment , Farnborough from 1919 to 1925 . He was awarded the Military Cross in 1918 with the following citation : For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty . On five occasions ; in most difficult weather conditions , he dropped bombs and fired on enemy infantry from a low altitude , inflicting heavy casualties . During these flights he frequently obtained valuable information , and twice drove off enemy machines which attempted to interfere . He showed the greatest initiative and resource . Between the wars . In 1925 , he resigned his permanent commission and transferred to the reserve as a Flight Lieutenant to become the Chief Test pilot at Hawker Aircraft ( and its forerunner ) from 1925 to 1945 and became a director of the company in 1935 . He won several air races in the mid - 1920s flying the Hawker Cygnet . He made the first flight for the following Hawker aircraft and tested many other types . Second World War . During the Second World War , in 1941 and 1942 , he was head of the test branch of the British Air Commission in Washington D . C . and was appointed an honorary Group Captain . Honours and awards . His medals and awards include appointment as Commander of the Order of the British Empire , the Air Force Cross and Bar , and the Military Cross . Family . His son , Raymond Paul Bulman , was killed in action over Germany in 1945 , aged 21 , flying with No . 605 Squadron RAF .
Allister Miller Lieutenant - Colonel Allister Miller ( 1892 – 1951 ) was a South African aviation pioneer , who contributed significantly to both military and civil aviation in his country during the first half of the 20th century . He originally qualified as an electrical engineer . On the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , he joined the British Army , from which he transferred to the Royal Flying Corps as a pilot , in 1915 . He fought in the skies over the Western Front in France and Belgium , and during 1916 and 1917 he returned to South Africa on recruiting tours for the RFC . He recruited more than 8 , 000 volunteers , of whom 2 , 000 were accepted , most of them as pilots . They were known collectively as " Miller ' s Boys " . On the second recruiting tour Miller took along two Royal Aircraft Factory B . E . 2 aircraft and mechanics to assemble the aircraft in Cape Town . The aircraft were serial numbers A3109 and A3110 build by Wolseley Motors Limited . They were nicknamed Rio de Janeiro Britons Nos . 1 & 2 in honour of the fact that they were purchased with moneys raised by the British community in Rio de Janeiro . On 7 November 1917 one of these aircraft became the first to complete a long distance flight in South Africa by completing a Cape Town to Port Elizabeth flight in under six hours . After the war , Miller pursued a career in civil aviation . His first two ventures were unsuccessful and short - lived : the " South African Aerial Navigation Company " , which became " South African Aerial Transports Ltd " ( 1919 – 1920 ) , and " Rhodesian Aerial Tours " ( 1922 ) . In 1924 , Miller was elected a member of Parliament . In this capacity , he successfully lobbied for government support for civil aviation . He gave flying demonstrations , toured the country to popularise flying , and encouraged the formation of flying clubs . In 1929 , Miller founded " Union Airways " , as the country ' s first commercial mail and passenger carrier . It amalgamated with South West African Airways in 1932 , and was taken over by the government in 1934 and renamed " South African Airways " . In 1936 , Miller took part in the Portsmouth - to - Johannesburg Air Race , held to mark Johannesburg ' s golden jubilee . During World War II , Miller served in the South African Air Force , where he commanded several flying schools . After the war , he worked as chief publicity officer for " South African Airways " . The main road leading to the airport in his home town , Port Elizabeth , is named after him .