naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Sixth - generation jet fighter A sixth - generation jet fighter is a conceptualized class of fighter aircraft design more advanced than the fifth - generation jet fighter s which are currently in service in the United States of America and in development in other countries . The United States Air Force and United States Navy are anticipated to field their first sixth - generation fighters in the 2025 – 30 time frame . Design concepts . The under development Chinese Chengdu J - 20 , and the Russian Sukhoi PAK FA are now providing more advanced fighters to compete with current American fifth generation jet fighter s . Dubbed the " Next Generation Tactical Aircraft " / " Next Gen TACAIR " , the USAF seeks a fighter with " enhanced capabilities in areas such as reach , persistence , survivability , net - centricity , situational awareness , human - system integration and weapons effects , " a November 4 , 2010 presolicitation notice states . “ The future system will have to counter adversaries equipped with next generation advanced electronic attack , sophisticated integrated air defense systems , passive detection , integrated self - protection , directed energy weapons , and cyber attack capabilities . It must be able to operate in the anti - access / area - denial environment that will exist in the 2030 – 50 timeframe . ” Lockheed Martin ' s Skunk Works division has revealed a conceptual next - generation fighter design that offers the first hints of an ambitious , long - term technology strategy for the new class of tactical aircraft that will emerge after 2030 . The concept was published in a 2012 calendar , which was distributed to journalists . Lockheed Martin has called for greater speed , range , stealth and self - healing structures . The equivalent in the United States Navy is the Next Generation Air Dominance program . The Sixth Generation fighters are expected to use advanced engines such as Adaptive Versatile Engine Technology to allow longer ranges and higher performance . USAF ' s General Mike Hostage has said that they have yet to decide on which features will define the sixth generation fighters . In 2013 DARPA started a study to try to bridge the USAF and USN concepts . Foreign development . On 26 August 2013 , Russia revealed it would proceed with development of a sixth - generation jet fighter . They say the aircraft will most likely be pilotless . However , they would not skip completing development of fifth - generation fighter projects , like the Sukhoi T - 50 . History . On October 10 , 2012 , Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition , Technology and Logistics Frank Kendal justified the need to start the program .
William W . Grout William Wallace Grout ( May 24 , 1836 - October 7 , 1902 ) was an American politician and lawyer . He served as a U . S . Representative from Vermont . Biography . Grout was born in Compton , Province of Quebec , the son of Josiah and Sophronia ( Ayer ) Grout . His parents , native Vermonters , returned to that state when he was thirteen . Grout pursued an academic course , he attended St . Johnsbury Academy and graduated from the State and National Law School in Poughkeepsie , New York in 1857 . He was admitted to the bar in December of the same year and began the practice of law in Barton , Vermont . In 1862 Grout was nominated as State ' s Attorney of Orleans County but declined , deciding instead to enter the army . In July 1862 he received his commission as Lieutenant Colonel of the Fifteenth Regiment , Vermont Volunteer Infantry , in the Union Army during the Civil War . He later attained the rank of Brigadier General as commander of one of three brigade s organized for border defense by the Vermont State Legislature following the St . Albans Raid . Grout served as State ' s Attorney of Orleans County in 1865 and 1866 . In 1868 he was a delegate to Republican National Convention from Vermont . He served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1868 until 1870 and in 1874 . In 1876 he was a member of the Vermont State Senate and served as President pro tempore . Grout was elected as a Republican candidate to the Forty - seventh Congress , serving from March 4 , 1881 until March 3 , 1883 . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1882 to the Forty - eighth Congress . Grout was elected to the Forty - ninth and to the seven succeeding Congresses , serving from March 4 , 1885 until March 3 , 1901 . He served as chairman of the Committee on the District of Columbia in the Fifty - first Congress , and was on the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of War in the Fifty - fourth through the Fifty - sixth Congresses . After leaving Congress , he engaged in agricultural pursuits and the practice of law . Grout died on October 7 , 1902 and is interred in Pine Cemetery in Kirby , Vermont . Personal life . Grout was the second child of ten , eldest of five sons . Seven of the children were born in the Compton house . There were no finished chambers in the Compton house . In winter , awakening to snow on the bed was a common experience . The family moved to Kirby , Vermont from Compton . Grout married Loraine M . Smith in 1860 , and they had two children who died while in infancy . Loraine died in 1868 . Grout ' s brother Josiah Grout , was the Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives and was the 46th Governor of Vermont .
Invasion of Guadeloupe ( 1794 ) The Invasion of Guadeloupe was a British attempt in 1794 to take and hold the island of Guadeloupe in the West Indies during the French Revolutionary Wars . The British had negotiated with the French planters , Ignace - Joseph - Philippe de Perpignan and Louis de Curt , who wished to gain British protection , as the French Constitutional Assembly was passing a law abolishing slavery . The Whitehall Accord was signed in February 1794 while the British were securing Martinique . Troops led by General Charles Grey landed on 11 April 1794 , assisted by a fleet led by Admiral Sir John Jervis . On 24 April French General Collot surrendered the last stronghold at Basse - Terre , leaving the island in the hands of the British and their French Royalist supporters . On 4 June a French fleet landed troops under the command of Victor Hugues who , with the assistance of French Republican locals , helped by the effect of yellow fever and other tropical diseases on the British forces , regained full control of the island by 10 December 1794 .
87th Battalion ( Canadian Grenadier Guards ) , CEF The 87th ( Canadian Grenadier Guards ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Montreal , Quebec , the unit began recruiting in September 1915 in Montreal , the surrounding districts , and also in mining districts elsewhere in the province . After sailing to England in April 1916 , the battalion was stationed there as part of the 12th Infantry Brigade ( until June ) and then 11th Infantry Brigade of the 4th Canadian Infantry Division until August of the same year . On August 11 / 12 , the battalion crossed over to France and served the duration of the war as part of the 11th Infantry Brigade , 4th Canadian Infantry Division . The battalion returned to Canada in June 1919 . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Ōtaki Castle ( Chiba ) History . Construction of the Castle . The Satomi clan , virtually independent rulers of all of the Bōsō Peninsula during the Sengoku Period , erected the original Ōtaki Castle in the early 1500s to guard the northern approaches to their domains , but fell into ruins by the end of the 16th century . This period of local hostilities , and the exploits of the Satomi clan , is richly described in the Bōsō Chiran - Ki . Edo Period . In 1590 , after Tokugawa Ieyasu was resettled in Edo , by order of Toyotomi Hideyoshi , he assigned Honda Tadakatsu to erect a new fortification to help contain the power of the Satomi in Tateyama Domain . The Satomi were destroyed by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1614 , but the Honda continued to rule as daimyo of the 100 , 000 " koku " Ōtaki Domain for the following three generations . Control of Ōtaki Domain subsequently passed to daimyo from the Abe , Aoyama , and Inagaki clans before being assigned to Matsudaira Masahisa , whose descendants continued to rule from Ōtaki Castle until the Meiji Restoration . However , during this history , Ōtaki Domain was reduced from 100 , 000 " koku " to 16 , 000 " koku " . Disrepair and Ruin . In December 1672 , an application was made to the Tokugawa shogunate for permission to rebuild the castle , stating that there was not even a single functional gate and that the 4 - story " donjon " had fallen into ruins . The reconstructed " donjon " burned down in 1842 and was not rebuilt . Reconstruction . The current " donjon " was reconstructed in 1975 to boost local tourism and to function as an annex to the local Chiba Prefectural Sonan Museum containing historical artifacts including a small collection of Japanese armor and swords . As there are no surviving records indicating the appearance of the original " donjon " , the current structure is a mock structure modeled after 1832 sketches of its last known appearance . An “ Ōtaki Castle Festival ” is held in late September each year . The main event is a parade of people wearing samurai armor and costumes reflecting the Edo period .
SLAF Mirigama SLAF " Mirigama " is the Sri Lanka Air Force radar station in Mirigama . It provides air surveillance and early warning and is home to the No 4 Air Defence Radar Squadron . A Chinese JY - 11 Radar low / medium altitude 3D surveillance radar has been installed since 2008 as part of the National Air Defence System of Sri Lanka .
Siege of Changchun The Siege of Changchun ( ) was a siege operation launched by the People ' s Liberation Army during the Chinese Civil War against the city of Changchun , defended by the Nationalist forces . The Siege of Changchun was part of the Liaoshen Campaign , and the fall of Changchun marked the end of the first stage in Liaoshen Campaign . Beginning on May 23 , 1948 , the People ' s Liberation Army began to encircle the Nationalist defenders in Changchun , while cutting off air transportation . The siege would last for 150 days . The siege ended when the People ' s Liberation Army entered Changchun after the Nationalist 60th Army and New 7th Army surrendered . Lin Biao commanded the Communist forces during the siege . Lin had initially proposed to move on Changchun in April , but turned his attention to other cities after investing Changchun . In October , Lin proposed to finally take the city . In response , Mao sent a sarcastic telegram ridiculing him for not having taken the city five months prior , and ordering Lin to take Jinzhou instead . As news from Jinzhou reached Changchun , the KMT commanding general , Ceng Zesheng , defected to the Communists along with most of his officers . They were given posts in the Communist armies on Mao Zedong ' s personal orders . Civilian Starvation . Large numbers of civilians starved in the siege ; estimates range from 150 , 000 to 330 , 000 . The besieging Communist forces allowed Nationalist soldiers to leave , but forcibly prevented civilians from doing so , hoping to pressure General Zheng Dongguo , leader of the Nationalist forces , into surrender . The incident was reported in a book published by the People ' s Liberation Army Publishing House in August 1989 , two months after the Tiananmen Square incident . White Snow , Red Blood , by Lieutenant Colonel Zhang Zhenglu , stated that 150 , 000 civilians starved to death during the siege , and that civilians attempting to leave the city were turned back to put pressure on the KMT garrison ' s food supply . Lt . Col . Zhang opined that the Chinese Revolution was " not worth the cost . " , and praised Lin Biao ' s military skills as " superior to Mao Zedong ' s " .
Attack on Galle Harbour Attack on Galle Harbour was a suicide attack carried out by fifteen Sea Tigers of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam ( LTTE ) on the commercial Galle harbour and Sri Lanka Navy base SLNS " Dakshina " in the tourist town of Galle in southern Sri Lanka . Attack . The Navy claimed that at 7 . 45 a . m . on the October 18 , 2006 , five " sea tiger " suicide boats , disguised as fishing boats , the Navy destroyed three suicide boats and the other two approached the Galle harbour and detonated at the entrance . One sailor was killed and 11 were injured . One sailor is missing in action . The pro - rebel " TamilNet " claimed that a 15 - member team entered Dakshina in five vessels and attacked four Sri Lankan naval vessels and installations . At least three explosive - laden attack vessels attacked naval crafts , including a tsunami damaged sub chaser and destroyed a Fast Attack Craft and two water jet inshore patrol vessels anchored in the port base . However these have not been substantiated or excepted by the Sri Lankan defence ministry . There are no Sea Tiger bases close by , it is believed attackers must have travelled a long distance to get to Galle . Some of the attackers died in the attack , while others escaped into the town - their fate is unknown while the navy carried out search operations . The defence ministry said two people had been killed , one of them a sailor . At least 26 others , civilians among them , had been wounded , a statement said . Aftermath . The Sri Lankan government responded with airstrikes in rebel territory . A Riot began in Galle , but was stopped when the police imposed a curfew in the area . Commodore Manil Mendis , Commander of the Southern Naval Area was court - martialed and found guilty of two counts of not taking adequate precautions and counter - measures relating to the incident .
One Station Unit Training One Station Unit Training , sometimes referred to as One Site Unit Training , is a term used by the United States Army to refer to a training program in which recruits remain with the same unit for both Basic Combat Training ( BCT ) and Advanced Individual Training ( AIT ) . Immediately following Basic Training , the unit seamlessly transforms from a BCT unit into an AIT unit . There is no relocation and the same Drill Sergeants who conducted the Basic Training continue to instruct all of the participating recruits in their Advanced Individual Training . This streamlines the training schedule and helps to produce more camaraderie between recruits . There are a variety of Military Occupational Specialties ( MOS ) and training stations that have OSUT training . 11X ( Infantry ) at Fort Benning , Georgia follows an OSUT program . 12B ( Combat Engineer ) , 12C ( Bridge Crewmember ) , and 31B ( Military Police ) at Fort Leonard Wood , Missouri all follow an OSUT program . Both 19K ( M1 Abrams Crewman ) and 19D ( Cavalry Scout ) , taught at Fort Benning , Georgia follow OSUT programs .
624th Regional Support Group The 624th Regional Support Group headquartered at Hickam Air Force Base , Hawaii , is one of two Air Force Reserve groups stationed in the Pacific area of responsibility and reports directly to Headquarters 4th Air Force at March Air Reserve Base , California . Mission . The mission of the 624th Regional Support Group is to provide world - class civil engineer , aerial port and medical combat support for contingencies around the globe and to help promote peace and stability in the Asia - Pacific region and throughout the world . Units . The 624th RSG is composed of a headquarters , four squadrons and one flight at Hickam Air Force Base , Hawaii , and Andersen Air Force Base , Guam . History . The 624th Regional Support Group officially stood up 1 Jan . 2002 . The 624th RSG and its personnel came from multiple sources . Headquarters Air Force Reserve Command formed the group from Det . 1 , 604th Regional Support Group . The 604th Aeromedical Staging Squadron ( 604th ASTS ) , the 604th Logistics Support Flight ( 604th LSF ) , and 704th Civil Engineer Squadron ( 704th CES ) at Hickam AFB , HI , became the 624th Aeromedical Staging Squadron ( 624 ASTS ) , 624th Logistics Support Flight ( 624th LSF ) ( inactivated ) and 624th Civil Engineer Squadron ( 624 CES ) . The 604th ASTS Operating Location ( OL ) - A and Det 1 , 604th LSF at Andersen AFB , Guam , became the 724th Aeromedical Staging Flight ( 724th ASTF ) and 724th Logistics Support Flight ( 724th LSF ) ( since inactivated ) . The 48th Aerial Port Squadron ( 48th APS ) at Hickam and the 44th Aerial Port Squadron ( 44th APS ) at Andersen both retained their designations .
Patrick H . Hart Patrick Henry Hart ( 31 May 1915 - 4 June 1942 ) was a United States Navy officer and Naval Aviator who served in World War II . Biography . Hart was born 31 May 1915 in New York City and graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1937 . Hart served on board " Colorado " ( BB - 45 ) and " West Virginia " ( BB - 48 ) before becoming a naval aviator in 1940 . Appointed Lieutenant in 1942 , he was killed while a member of Torpedo Squadron 3 at the battle of Midway and posthumously received the Navy Cross for heroism in attacking the Japan ese aircraft carrier s during the battle 4 June 1942 . Nameksake . In 1944 , the destroyer USS " Hart " ( DD - 594 ) was named in his honor .
Arnulf III , Count of Flanders Arnulf III ( † 22 February 1071 ) a . k . a Arnulf ' the unlucky ' became Count of Flanders as a minor in 1070 and until his death in 1071 . Life . Born , Arnulf was the eldest son of Baldwin VI , Count of Flanders and Richilde , Countess of Mons and Hainaut . On his deathbed in 1070 , Baldwin VI , left Flanders to his eldest son Arnulf III and Hainaut to the next oldest son Baldwin with the provision that if either preceded the other in death , he would inherit the other ' s county as well . Baldwin VI further entrusted his brother Robert with the safeguard of his son Arnulf III , who was still a minor , to which Robert gave his oath of homage and solemn promise to protect his nephew . Richilde , Arnulf ' s mother , the dowager Countess of Flanders and " de jure " Countess of Hainaut , was to be regent in Flanders until Arnulf came of age . After his father ' s death in 1070 , his uncle Robert ' the Frisian ' broke his oath and disputed the succession . Richilde appealed to King Philip I of France who summoned Robert to appear before him . Robert refused and continued his aggression against Richilde and Arnulf at which point Philip I amassed an army which he brought to Flanders . The French army was accompanied by Norman troops , probably sent by Arnulf ' s aunt Queen Matilda and led by William FitzOsborn . Also allied to Arnulf III was Eustace II , Count of Boulogne who raised considerable support for the young count and his mother . The two forces met at the Battle of Cassel on 22 February 1071 . In that engagement Robert ' s forces were ultimately victorious but Robert himself was captured and his forces in turn captured the Countess Richilde . Both were freed in exchange and the battle continued to its conclusion . Among the dead was Arnulf III , killed by Gerbod the Fleming , 1st Earl of Chester , possibly by accident . As a result of the battle Robert claimed the countship of Flanders . The Countess Richilde and her son Baldwin returned to Hainaut but continued to instigate hostilities against Robert . As he was a minor at his death and unmarried , Arnulf III had no issue .
Type 89 AFV The Norinco Type 89 tracked armoured fighting vehicle is a Chinese armoured personnel carrier . It was developed from the earlier export market Type 85 AFV vehicle . It entered service in the late 1990s and was first shown publicly in 1999 . There are approximately 1 , 000 in service . It has the industrial index of WZ534 and although it was mainly developed for the PLA , there is also an export version YW534 . In the 1990s a new designator system was introduced in the PLA and the Type 89 APC is nowadays known as ZSD - 89 . Description . When compared to the Type 85 , the Type 89 is slightly larger and heavier . The hull is made of welded steel , and provides protection against small arms fire . The vehicle carries a maximum of 15 including crew . The driver sits in the front left of the hull , and has a single piece hatch , which opens to the left . The driver is provided with three day periscopes which cover the front and right of the vehicle . One of the drivers periscopes can be replaced by a night vision device . The commander sits behind the driver and has a single piece hatch . The air - cooled , turbocharged diesel engine sits to the right rear of the driver . It has a large intake located in the top of the hull , with an exhaust on the right hand side . The engine feeds a manual transmission with five forward gears and one reverse gear . Track is driven at the front by a drive sprocket , and passes over five dual rubber - typed road wheels and track - return rollers , then loops over an idler at the rear , before returning to the front again . A 12 . 7 millimetre calibre machine gun is located in an open mount at the front of a small hatch in the center of the hull which opens into the troop compartment . The gun can traverse through 360 degrees and can be elevated to an angle of 90 degrees . Two oblong roof hatches and a large rear door provide access to the troop compartment . On either side of the forward hull , a cluster of four 76 mm smoke grenade dischargers is mounted . The vehicle is amphibious , a folding trim board stowed at the front of the hull needs to be raised , and the vehicle can then propel itself in the water using its tracks . Standard equipment includes an NBC system , a Type 889 or CWT - 167 radio , and a Type 803 or CYY - 168 intercom system .