naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Cukurs C - 6bis Cukurs C - 6bis was a Latvian prototype dive bomber aircraft designed by Herberts Cukurs in 1940 . Development . The aircraft was based on the Cukurs C - 6 " Trīs zvaigznes " ( Three stars ) trainer which was known for its 1937 flight from Riga to Tokyo and return . Work on the C - 6bis started in 1939 , with the first test flights in 1940 . Soon after first test flights the Latvian Air Force accepted the aircraft and ordered twelve . Test flights were halted on the 7 June 1940 , just 10 days before the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940 . During the occupation the Red Army expressed interest in the C - 6bis and test flew it , but they determined that it was unsuitable for use . Only one example was built and its fate remains unknown .
List of United States Navy ships List of United States Navy ships is a comprehensive listing of all ships that have been in service to the United States Navy during the history of that service . The US Navy maintains its official list of ships past and present at the Naval Vessel Register , although it does not include early vessels . The " Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships " includes much detail on historical ships , and was used as the basis for many of Wikipedia ' s ship articles . Due to the large number of entries , the list has been divided by the first letter of the ship ' s name — see the info box at the right .
Mobility kill A mobility kill ( or M - kill ) in armoured warfare is a weapon or vehicle that is immobilized , or the act of immobilizing such a target . Tank s and other armoured fighting vehicle s can be immobilized by damage to their engines , tracks , or running gear . Because of the mobile nature of modern warfare , such a vehicle is often effectively useless on the battlefield , but it may be salvaged , or repaired and brought back into action quickly . It is claimed that the Wehrmacht lost more Panther tank s as mobility kills than as catastrophic kills in World War II .
Auxiliary ship An auxiliary ship is a naval ship which is designed to operate in any number of roles supporting combatant ship s and other naval operations . Auxiliaries are not primary combatants , although they may have some limited combat capacity , usually of a self - defense nature . Auxiliaries are extremely important for navies of all sizes , as without them , the primary fleet vessels can not be effective . Thus , nearly every navy maintains an extensive fleet of auxiliaries . However , the composition and size of these auxiliary fleets varies depending on the nature of each navy and its primary mission . Smaller coastal navies tend to have smaller auxiliary vessels focusing primarily on littoral and training support roles . Larger blue water navies tend to have large auxiliary fleets comprising longer - range fleet support vessels designed to provide support far beyond territorial waters .
Juan Crisóstomo Falcón Juan Crisóstomo Falcón y Zavarce ( 27 January 1820 – 29 April 1870 ) was President of Venezuela ( 1863 - 1868 ) . Member of the liberal Venezuelan Federalist Party , he first served as president of Venezuela as the supreme chief of a rebel movement in August 1859 , but the rebellion was soon crushed . He served as the recognized president of Venezuela from 1863 to 1868 , when a conservative revolution headed by General José Tadeo Monagas ended his term as president . Also , he was briefly overthrown in 1865 . At the end of his presidential term , Falcón emigrated to Europe . He died in Martinique in 1870 . The state of Falcón is named after him . In 1863 Venezuela , under the presidency of Juan Crisóstomo Falcon , became the first country to abolish capital punishment for all crimes , including serious offenses against the state .
Army Group A Army Group A was the name of a number of German Army Groups during World War II . Western Front , 1940 . During the German invasion of the Low Countries and France Army Group A was under the command of General Gerd von Rundstedt , and was responsible for the break - out through the Ardennes . It was composed of 45½ divisions , including the 7 panzer divisions of Panzer Group Kleist . Eastern Front , 1942 . In 1942 , Army Group South was in southern Russia on the Eastern Front . For Case Blue ( " Fall Blau " ) , the summer offensive of the German Armed Forces ( " Wehrmacht " ) , Army Group South was split into Army Group A and Army Group B . Army Group A was ordered south to capture the oil fields in the Caucasus . Army Group A included the following armies : Eastern Front , 1945 . On the 25 January 1945 Hitler renamed three army groups . Army Group North became Army Group Courland ; Army Group Centre became Army Group North and Army Group A became Army Group Centre . Commanders . Info comes from the German Wikipedia :
Michinori Shiraishi Very early on the morning of 15 August 1945 , Shiraishi was in his brother - in - law ' s office when Mori was visited by Major Kenji Hatanaka , Lt . Col . Masataka Ida , and Captain Shigetaro Uehara , who sought Mori ' s aid in a " coup " . They wished to seize the Imperial Palace and prevent the Emperor ' s declaration of Japan ' s surrender . Mori refused the conspirators , and Uehara allegedly made to kill the General with his sword ; Shiraishi leapt in front of his brother - in - law , and was killed himself . Mere moments later , Hatanaka murdered General Mori .
Maria de Victoria Maria de Victoria was a German spy during World War I . She was captured when MI - 8 secret - ink subsection found a correspondence that detailed her whereabouts . Her plans were to import high explosives into the U . S . by means of hollow figurine s of Saints and the Virgin Mary .
John Beach Major John Beach ( January 1 , 1812 – August 31 , 1874 ) was a United States Army officer during the Black Hawk and American Civil War as well as the last US Indian Agent to the Sac and Fox tribes . A son - in - law to General Joseph Street , Beach succeeded him as agent to the Sac and Fox upon his death and eventually hosted the week long council that resulted in the signing of the treaty for the purchase of much of Iowa from the Sac and Fox Indians in October 1842 . Biography . Born in Massachusetts to William Beach and Lucy Tucker , John Beach enlisted in the U . S . Army during his late teens and graduated from the West Point Military Academy on July 1 , 1832 . He was commissioned as a brevet 2nd lieutenant served on the frontier with the Infantry Regiment , assigned to Fort Armstrong and Fort Crawford during the 1830s . In 1836 , he took command of the Fort Armstrong garrison after its commanding officer Lt . Col . William Davenport ordered an evacuation and led a march to Fort Snelling in Hennepin County , Minnesota . Beach would remain at Fort Armstrong until being assigned elsewhere in November . During his last year with the army , he was involved in recruitment efforts before his resignation on June 30 , 1838 . Beach later married Lucy Frances Street , the daughter of General Joseph Street . Two years later , he succeeded his father - in - law General Joseph Street as US Indian Agent to the Sac and Fox tribes following Street ' s death . He continued his predecessor ' s work in establishing farming and education to the Raccoon River Agency reservation , although he was ultimately unsuccessful in the former goal . He also opposed settlers sqatting on reservation land as , in 1841 , a force of dragoons under Lieutenant C . F . Ruff removed James Jordan and other settlers illegally living on the reservation . They had previously ignored Beach ' s order to leave and , after allowing them to gather their possessions , Ruff ordered his men to burn their homes . On October 11 , 1842 , he presided over the signing of a treaty which allowed the federal government to purchase much of Iowa from the Sac and Fox . He remained at the agency until 1847 where he resided in the area as a local farmer and merchant . Beach reenlisted during the American Civil War , however he involved in the training and drilling of recruits as his hearing loss disqualified him from the field . Returning to Agency City following the war , he became a writer and historian in his later years . He died on August 31 , 1874 , at age 62 and buried at Chief Wapello ' s Memorial Park . A series of articles he had written on the early history of the various tribes he lived with during his career were published posthumously in the " Agency Independent " in the months following his death . His writings on the history of the Fox and Sac , as well as the fur trade on the Des Moines River , were later included in the " History of Wapello County " ( 1878 ) .
Soko 522 The Soko 522 was a two - seater Yugoslav military training and light attack aircraft produced in the 1950s by SOKO , in the former Yugoslavia . History . The " Soko 522 " was designed by Yugoslav engineers Šostarić , Marjanović and Čurčić at the Ikarus Aircraft Factory in Zemun . The first prototype flew in February 1955 . After the initial success of the new aircraft , production was transferred to the Soko aircraft factory in Mostar . Production lasted until 1961 and totalled 110 units . It was used as the primary trainer aircraft for the Yugoslavian air force until it was retired in 1978 . It gained some fame for its role in war movies filmed in Yugoslavia during the 1960s and 1970s , where it was used to portray the Fw 190 German fighter . Some of its prominent movie roles were in the Yugoslav Oscar candidate " Battle of Neretva " and " Kelly ' s Heroes " , starring Clint Eastwood . Existing aircraft . After retiring from military use , it was used by many air clubs around Yugoslavia and abroad . Today , there are no airworthy examples in any of the ex - Yugoslav republics . Some specimens were sold to civilian foreign customers and are still flying . The current price of these aircraft is estimated at US $ 100 , 000 . There is one airworthy Soko 522 in France , and another in the United States . There is also one other Soko 522 with the Dixie Wing Commemorative Air force but it is currently grounded for repairs after making an emergency belly landing . John Magoffin of Tucson , Arizona , owns and flies his Soko 522 from Avra Valley airport as of May , 2011 . Three Soko 522 are on display . Aircraft On Display .
Ernst Andres Ernst Andres ( 19 September 1921 – 11 February 1945 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Luftwaffe during World War II , and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . During the night of 4 May 1943 to 5 May " Angriffsführer " England ordered a consolidated attack on Norwich . Involved were 43 aircraft from Kampfgeschwader 2 ( KG 2 ) under the command of KG 2 ' s " Geschwaderkommodore " Walter Bradel , which took off from the airport of Soesterberg . The attack force was augmented by aircraft from II . / Kampfgeschwader 40 and 36 Ju 88 from Kampfgeschwader 6 . Bradel , who flying as an observer on a Do 217K piloted by Andres , was attacked by a British nightfighter , and suffered engine damage . Andres attempted an emergency landing near Landsmeer , Amsterdam . The aircraft was 80 % damaged and Bradel and the aerial gunner " Flieger " Werner Becker were killed .
Siege of Kraków ( 1657 ) The Siege of Kraków was one of battles of the Swedish and Transilvanian invasion of Poland , which took place in the summer of 1657 . The royal city of Kraków , occupied by Swedish - Transilvanian garrison of Paul Wirtz and János Bethlen , was besieged by Polish Army of Hetman Jerzy Lubomirski , supported by Holy Roman Empire ’ s troops under Austrian Field Marshall Melchior von Hatzfeldt . Background . In the summer of 1655 , two Swedish Empire ’ s armies invaded the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth ( see Deluge ( history ) ) . Swedish invaders moved southwards , reaching the city of Kraków in late September 1655 . After a siege , the ancient Polish capital surrendered , and on October 17 , Swedish soldiers , together with King Charles X Gustav , entered the city . Following the Treaty of Radnot , signed on December 6 , 1656 , Kraków was to be occupied by Prince of Transylvania , George II Rákóczi , who was an ally of Charles X Gustav . In January 1657 , Transilvanian army invaded southern provinces of the Kingdom of Poland ( Red Ruthenia and Lesser Poland ) , and on March 28 , the Transilvanians reached Kraków . Rákóczi left in the city some 2 , 500 soldiers , who strenghtened the Swedish garrison already stationed there . Most of the Transilvanian army headed northwards , to meet the Swedes . Siege . In early summer 1657 , Polish Crown units under Hetman Jerzy Lubomirski appeared near Kraków , but lacking artillery , the Poles limited their activities to cutting Swedish and Transilvanian supply routes . In early August , Holy Roman Empire ’ s army of 17 , 000 , under Field Marshall Melchior von Hatzfeldt , reinforced the Poles , and began preparation for an assault . On August 4 , however , a message from Rákóczi was received by both sides . Since his army had been destroyed in the Battle of Czarny Ostrow ( July 20 ) , Rákóczi urged János Bethlen to surrender the city to the Poles . The Transilvanians capitulated , but Swedish garrison of Kraków , under Paul Wirtz , continued resistance until August 25 . Five days later , Swedish units left the city , and on September 4 , Poles , together with Austrians , organized a military parade , observed by King Jan Kazimierz . Aftermath . After a two - year Swedish and Transilvanian occupation , the ancient capital of Poland was in ruins . All villages and towns in the area were burned to the ground , as well as the suburbs of Kraków . In Kleparz , only 15 people dwelled in huts , while at Bishop Square , only 5 houses remained , out of 51 . In the district of Piaski , which had several hundred houses before the Swedish invasion , not a single building remained . The Wawel Hill was completely looted , as Swedes and Transilvanians stole all valuables , including Polish treasuries , carpets and upholsteries . Furthermore , Swedes destroyed the coffin of St . Stanislaus .
Ervin J . Rokke Ervin J . Rokke is a retired lieutenant general and retired President of Moravian College . Ervin Rokke completed his time at Moravian in the summer of 2006 . At the commencement ceremonies that year , he received an honorary doctorate from the College . Mrs . Priscilla Payne Hurd , Chair of the Moravian Board of Trustees , observed that “ Erv Rokke has been one of Moravian ’ s finest and most successful presidents . Even by the standards of an institution that has existed for 264 years , his leadership , his integrity , and his achievement are extraordinary . By a huge measure , he has raised the quality of our students and programs , he has raised new buildings on our campuses , and he has raised our hopes and ambitions for an even brighter future . For nine very good years , we have been blessed and honored by his leadership and by his friendship . ” Pamela Rokke was also honored for her extensive and steadfast support of College activities at every level , and most especially its students . Mrs . Hurd noted that “ Pam Rokke is certainly one of the most gracious individuals who has lived in the president ’ s house . She is deeply admired by all members of our campus family : students , faculty , and administration alike . ” For six years , Mrs . Rokke also served as an active member of the Board of Directors of New Bethany Ministries in Bethlehem . Following retirement from Moravian , the Rokkes have relocated to Monument , Colorado .
Charles E . Capehart Charles E . Capehart ( 1833 – 1911 ) was an officer in the U . S . Cavalry during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for action following the Battle of Gettysburg on July 4 , 1863 . Military service . Capehart enlisted in the Union Army and was commissioned captain and placed in command of Company A , 1st West Virginia Cavalry . He was subsequently promoted to major of the regiment . Major Capehart assumed command of the 1st West Virginia during the Battle of Gettysburg when Colonel Nathaniel Richmond was promoted to brigade commander . On July 4 , 1863 Capehart ' s regiment , in a daring midnight charge down a mountainside during a thunderstorm , attacked and captured a retreating Confederate wagon train . This act would lead to the awarding of the Medal of Honor . Capehart was later promoted to lieutenant colonel . His brother , General Henry Capehart was also awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Civil War . Medal of Honor citation . For The President of the United States of America , in the name of Congress , takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Major Charles E . Capehart , United States Army , for extraordinary heroism on 4 July 1863 , while serving with 1st West Virginia Cavalry , in action at Monterey Mountain , Pennsylvania . While commanding the regiment , Major Capehart charged down the mountain side at midnight , in a heavy rain , upon the enemy ' s fleeing wagon train . Many wagons were captured and destroyed and many prisoners taken . Date of Issue : April 7 , 1898 Action Date : July 4 , 1863
Croatian Armed Forces ( Independent State of Croatia ) The Croatian Armed Forces were formed in 1944 with the uniting of the Croatian Home Guard ( " Domobrani " ) and the Ustaše militia . The Croatian Armed Forces ( , HOS ) was reorganized in November 1944 to combine the units of the Ustaše and Domobrani into eighteen divisions , comprising 13 infantry , two mountain , two assault and one replacement Croatian divisions , each with its own organic artillery and other support units . There were also several armoured units , equipped in late 1944 with 20 Pz III N and 15 Pz IV F and H medium tanks . From early 1945 , the Croatian divisions were allocated to various German corps and by March 1945 were holding the Southern Front . Securing the rear areas were some 32 , 000 men of the Croatian Gendarmerie ( " Hrvatsko Oružništvo " ) , organised into 5 Police Volunteer Regiments plus 15 independent battalions , equipped with standard light infantry weapons , including mortars . By the end of March , 1945 , it was obvious to the Army command that , although the front remained intact , they would eventually be defeated by sheer lack of ammunition . For this reason , the decision was made to retreat into Austria , in order to surrender to the British forces advancing north from Italy . Croatian Gendarmerie . The Croatian Gendarmerie ( " Hrvatsko Oružništvo " ) was formed on 30 April 1941 as rural police under Major - General Milan Miesler . By September 1943 , there were 18 , 000 men in seven regional regiments . These were divided into 23 companies ( one per county plus one for Zagreb ) . The companies were subdivided into 142 district platoons , each with several posts . In early 1942 , a three - battalion Combined Gendarmie Regiment , in July redisignated " Petrinja Brigade " , was established for anti - Partisan operations in Slavonia . Twelve of the independent Police Volunteer Battalions formed the " Croatian Gendarmerie Division " in 1945 .
95th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 95th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 95th Illinois Infantry was organized at Rockford , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on September 4 , 1862 . The regiment was mustered out on August 17 , 1865 at Galveston , Texas . . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 7 officers and 77 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 1 officer and 204 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 289 fatalities .
Ross Lowis Mangles Ross Lowis Mangles VC ( 14 April 1833 – 28 February 1905 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Mangles is one of only five civilians to be awarded the VC . Details . Mangles was 24 years old , and a civilian in the Bengal Civil Service during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place at Arrah for which he was awarded the VC : His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Army Museum , Chelsea , England . On the north wall of St Michael and All Angels Church , Pirbright is a brass memorial to Mangles . The oaks on the plaque represent England , his native land ; the palms are for India , scene of his life ’ s work and , after his retirement , his passion for growing roses is also commemorated .
Archibald Campbell , 7th Earl of Argyll Archibald Campbell , 7th Earl of Argyll ( c . 1575 – 1638 ) , also called " " Gillesbuig Grumach " " , was a Scottish politician and military leader . Biography . He was the son of Colin Campbell , 6th Earl of Argyll , and converted to Roman Catholicism , although in 1594 he had commanded royal troops in the Battle of Glenlivet against Catholic Rebels , especially the Gordons of Huntly . In 1619 , he surrendered his estates to his son , Archibald Campbell . He was made a knight of the Golden Fleece in 1624 . His kinsman was William Alexander , 1st Earl of Stirling . His nickname , " " Gillesbuig Grumach " " is the Gaelic for " Archibald the Grim " . This presumably originates from his wife Lady Agnes Douglas , daughter of the Earl of Morton , and after their 14th century ancestor , Archibald Douglas , 3rd Earl of Douglas .
Ōzu Castle , also known as , is a castle located in Ōzu , Ehime Prefecture , Japan . It was originally constructed in 1331 by Utsunomiya Toyofusa . In 1888 the of the castle was destroyed , but it was re - constructed in 2004 . History . Ōzu Castle was constructed in 1331 by Utsunomiya Toyofusa . However , the structure that stands now was built sometime between 1585 – 1617 . During this period , the castle was controlled by a number of lords , including Wakisaka Yasuharu , Kobayakawa Takakage , Tōdō Takatora , and Toda Katsutaka . In 1617 , the castle was occupied by Katō Sadayasu and , until the Meiji Restoration , the castle remained under control of the Katō clan . In 1888 the keep was destroyed by a fire , though the two " yagura " , or towers , that were connected by corridors to the keep were saved . What remained of the castle survived World War II , even though the surrounding castle town was firebombed . In 2004 the keep was re - constructed , along with the corridors that connected the keep to the " yagura " . A small museum about the history of the castle is housed in the keep and " yagura " .