naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Curtiss P - 6 Hawk The Curtiss P - 6 Hawk was an American single - engine biplane fighter introduced into service in the late 1920s with United States Army Air Corps and operated until the late 1930s prior to the outbreak of World War II . Design and development . The Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company ( which became the Curtis - Wright Corporation ( 15 July 1929 ) supplied the USAAC with P - 6s beginning in 1929 . Operational history . A fast and highly maneuverable aircraft for its time , the XP - 6 prototype took 2nd place in the 1927 U . S . National Air Races , and the XP - 6A with wing surface radiators took first place , at 201 mph ( 323 km / h ) . The P - 6 was flown in a variety of paint schemes depending on the squadron , the most famous being the " Snow Owl " markings of the 17th Pursuit Squadron based at Selfridge Field near Detroit , Michigan . The P - 6Es served between 1932 and 1937 with the 1st Pursuit Group ( 17th and 94th PS ) at Selfridge , and with the 8th Pursuit Group ( 33rd PS ) at Langley Field , Virginia . Numerous accidents claimed at least 27 of the 46 aircraft delivered . As the P - 6Es became obsolete , instead of receiving depot overhauls , they were allowed to wear out in service and were scrapped or sold . At least one survived into 1942 in United States Army Air Forces service . In 1932 , Capt . Ruben C . Moffat flew a P - 6 converted with a supercharged Conqueror engine on a record - breaking flight . He flew from Dayton , Ohio to Washington , D . C . at a speed of approximately 266 mph , at an altitude of 25 , 000 ft . Survivors . A single P - 6E survives . The aircraft was donated to the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum by Mr . Edward S . Perkins of Anniston , Alabama and restored by the School of Aeronautics at Purdue University . It is on indefinite loan and display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright - Patterson AFB near Dayton , Ohio . Originally s / n 32 - 261 and assigned to the 33rd Pursuit Squadron , it was dropped from records at Tampa Field , Florida , in September 1939 . It was restored and marked as 32 - 240 of 17th Pursuit Squadron , missing on a flight over Lake Erie on 24 September 1932 .
USNS Worthy ( T - AGOS - 14 ) The USNS " Worthy " ( T - AGOS - 14 ) is a Missile Range Instrumentation Ship operated by the United States Army . The USNS Worthy was a Stalwart class Modified Tactical Auxiliary General Ocean Surveillance Ship of the United States Navy . History . Stalwart class ships were originally designed to collect underwater acoustical data in support of Cold War anti - submarine warfare operations in the 1980s . USNS " Worthy " was struck from the Navy registry in 1993 and modified to be Kwajalein Mobile Range Safety System ( KMRSS ) " Worthy " , a missile range instrumentation ship at Kwajalein Atoll ' s Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site , operated by the United States Army .
John Sanford Cole John Sanford Cole was an officer in the United States Navy during World War II . He was awarded the Navy Cross for his actions during the Battle of Leyte Gulf . His award citation reads : " The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Cross to Lieutenant [ then Lieutenant , Junior Grade ] John Sanford Cole , United States Navy , for extraordinary heroism in operations against the enemy while serving as Pilot of a carrier - based Navy Scout Dive Bomber in Bombing Squadron THIRTEEN ( VB - 13 ) , attached to the U . S . S . FRANKLIN ( CV - 13 ) , in action against enemy Japanese forces during the Battle for Leyte Gulf , on 25 October 1944 . Participating in a vigorous strike against a large enemy Task Force , Lieutenant Cole boldly fought his plane through intense and continuous hostile anti - aircraft fire and aerial opposition and skillfully maneuvered his craft to score a direct hit upon a Japanese aircraft carrier , contributing materially to its sinking . By his brilliant airmanship , daring initiative and gallant fighting spirit , maintained against tremendous odds , Lieutenant Cole was instrumental in the infliction of overwhelming damage upon the Japanese Fleet during this historic battle . His outstanding courage and inspiring leadership reflect the highest credit upon himself and the United States Naval Service . " Cole was born in Boise , Idaho on May 21 , 1920 . His home of record was Milwaukee , Wisconsin . Cole died in 1953 when a Navy transport plane he was a passenger in crashed over the Atlantic Ocean .
Siege of Belfort The Siege of Belfort ( 3 November 1870 - 18 February 1871 ) was a 103 - day military assault and blockade of the city of Belfort , France by Prussia n forces during the Franco - Prussian War . The French garrison held out until the January 1871 armistice between France and the German Empire obligated French forces to abandon the stronghold in February 1871 . Belfort is located in a gap between the mountainous southern Vosges and the Jura Massif , strategically positioned as the gateway between Alsace and central France . At the beginning of the war , the French Army of the Rhine was routed in northern Alsace . The fall of Strasbourg on 28 September 1870 allowed the German army under August von Werder to move south against Belfort . Upon hearing of the approaching German army , Pierre Philippe Denfert - Rochereau , commander of Belfort , began constructing fortifications around the city , expanding those originally built by Vauban . Werder ' s forces reached Belfort and invested the city on 3 November . The intransigent resistance by the French forces stopped the Germans from completing an effective encirclement of the city . General Charles Denis Bourbaki assembled an army intending to relieve Belfort . On 15 January 1871 Bourbaki attacked Werder along the Lisaine River ; however after a three - day battle he was repelled and his army retreated into Switzerland . German forces grew impatient with the length of the siege and on 27 January 1871 , General von Tresckow launched an attack on the city which was repulsed and the siege operations resumed . On 15 February an armistice was signed between France and Germany . Louis Adolphe Thiers , president of the Government of National Defense sent an urgent message to Denfert - Rochereau ordering him to surrender the fortress . On 18 February the Belfort garrison marched freely out of the city with their weapons and honor . During the 83 days of the heart of the siege the German army fired more than 400 . 000 shell on the town , or approximatively 5 , 000 per day . In recognition of the French defense of Belfort , under the terms of the Treaty of Frankfurt , the city and its surrounding area were not handed over to Germany , unlike the remainder of Alsace .
USS Lagoda ( SP - 3250 ) USS " Lagoda " ( SP - 3250 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1918 to 1919 . " Lagoda " was built as the private motorboat " Mosquetaire " in 1906 by the New York Yacht , Launch & Engine Company at Morris Heights in the Bronx , New York . She later was renamed successively " Jessica " , " Lady Arden " , " Scotian " , and " Lagoda " . On 20 September 1918 , the U . S . Navy acquired " Lagoda " from her owner , N . W . Tilton of New York City , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Lagoda " ( SP - 3250 ) on 17 November 1918 - six days after the end of the war - with Ensign W . Nielsen , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District and based at the Staten Island Quarantine Station on Staten Island , New York , " Lagoda " was used by the District Commissioner , Naval Overseas Transportation Service , in New York Harbor . " Lagoda " was decommissioned on 15 August 1919 and sold to Robert J . Bourke of Washington , D . C , on 30 October 1919 . Bourke took delivery of her from the Navy on 20 November 1919 .
55th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 55th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . The regiment is sometimes referred to as the Canton Rifles or the Douglas Brigade 2nd Regiment . Service . The 55th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Douglas , Chicago , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on October 31 , 1861 . Training continued at Benton Barracks , Missouri . The 55th was part of Sherman ' s Yazoo Expedition . The regiment was mustered out on August 14 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered casualties including nine officers , 149 enlisted men who were killed in action , or mortally wounded , and two officers and 127 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 286 fatalities .
Defense Ammunition Center ( United States ) The Defense Ammunition Center ( DAC ) is the Department of Defense ’ s focal point for ammunition knowledge and logistical support . It is responsible for explosives safety , logistics engineering , transportability , training , depot / garrison doctrine , demilitarization technology , supportability , reliability , technical assistance and career management . DAC also supports all aspects of ammunition operations and activities from development through disposal . History . The U . S . Army Defense Ammunition Center and School was established in 1920 and was located at Savanna Army Depot , Savanna , Ill . Over the years , it developed the Army ’ s oldest civilian career program , known today as the Quality Assurance Specialist ( Ammunition Surveillance ) or QASAS . In 1971 , the organization was officially named Department of the Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command ( now Army Materiel Command ) Ammunition Center . In 1994 , it became the Defense Ammunition Center . In 1998 , it realigned from Savanna to McAlester Army Ammunition Plant , McAlester , Okla . under the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure decision . Facilities . DAC is housed in 32 buildings as a tenant on McAlester Army Ammunition Plant .
Royal Irish Artillery The Royal Irish Artillery was an Irish regiment of the British army in the 18th century . It was formed in 1755 as The Artillery Company of Ireland . The name was changed in 1760 to The Royal Regiment of Irish Artillery They were recruited all over Ireland and were trained in Dublin Castle and then in Woolwich . Parts of the Regiment were sent to Canada in 1777 with Major General John Burgoyne , taking part in the American War of Independence . In addition , some Royal Irish Artillery gunners were shipped directly to New York under Brigadier - General James Pattison . The General ' s papers were reprinted by the New York State Historical Society in 1876 , a detailed source of information on this subject . Pattison , being head of the British Artillery in North America during part of the American Rebellion , had much to say about his Irish . They were " his diminutive warriors " , " bare breeched " , " were lower than serpents " . He said that they were " incorrigible , ill mannered , and unkempt " . He told his recruiters to only raise units in England or Scotland and forget Ireland . When a large number of new Irish gunners coming into New York deserted , Pattison wrote , " it was bad enough that they had deserted but what was worse was that the rest didn ’ t go with them " . When asked what to do with some new but mildewed uniforms , Pattison wrote , " give them to the Irish " . Yet in spite of all the derogatory remarks , the Royal Irish Artillery was awarded white leather stocks as a mark of their good gunnery . In 1801 , following the Act of Union and the formation of the United Kingdom , the Royal Irish Artillery was absorbed as an integral part of the Royal Artillery and therefore ceased to exist . They became part of the 2nd Battalion of The Royal Regiment of Artillery . Buttons from the tunics of the Royal Irish Artillery have been found in Somerville , Massachusetts and upon the site of Fort George at Castin , Maine . The design of the button can still be seen on the shield at the centre of the 206 ( Ulster ) Battery , which is part of 105 Regiment Royal Artillery ( Volunteers ) , a Territorial Army ( reserve ) regiment in the British Army .
HMS Syren ( 1782 ) HMS " Syren " was a 32 - gun " Amazon " - class fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy . She served during the American War of Independence , and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars . Among her more famous midshipmen were the future Rear - Admiral Peter Puget , and John Pasco , Nelson ' s signal officer at the Battle of Trafalgar .
USS Dahlia ( 1862 ) USS " Dahlia " ( 1862 ) was a paddle - wheel tugboat acquired by the Union Navy during the beginning of the American Civil War . " Dahlia " was assigned to the Mississippi River area to provide tug and other services to Union ships requiring assistance . Built for the U . S . Army . " Firefly " was built by the United States Army at St . Louis , Missouri in 1862 ; turned over to the Navy 1 October 1862 ; and named " Dahlia " 24 October 1862 . Civil War service . Assigned to the Mississippi River Squadron under Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter , " Dahlia " was put into service with Acting Ensign T . Wright in command . She provided tug services in the Mississippi River and its tributaries until 17 August 1865 . Post - war disposition . " Dahlia " was sold at Mound City , Illinois in August 1865 . She retained her name as a civilian ship after the war and passed out of service in about 1872 .
Erich Friedrich Erich Friedrich ( 15 July 1914 – 1 October 1983 ) was a highly decorated " Oberleutnant " in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was also awarded the very rare Close Combat Clasp in Gold one of only 631 awards .
Abu Hafs Umar ibn Shuayb al - Iqritishi Umar ibn Hafs ibn Shuayb ibn Isa al - Balluti , surnamed al - Ghaliz ( " the Fat " ) and later al - Iqritishi ( " the Cretan " ) , and usually known as Abu Hafs ( in Greek sources , Apohapsis ) , was a Muwallad corsair who was primarily active between 816 and 827 . After an unsuccessful uprising in Cordova , Spain in 818 against Emir Al - Hakam I the city ' s Muladi Muslim inhabitants were exiled . Some settled in Fez ( Morocco ) , while a second group , of almost 15 , 000 men plus women and children , headed for Alexandria in Egypt . With the intention of taking advantage of local unrest , the latter group of rebels selected Abu Hafs as their leader . As leader , Abu Hafs led the group which took control of Alexandria in 816 . After being forced to leave Alexandria , the rebel group set for the Byzantine island of Crete . Upon arriving , they landed at Cape Charax in the gulf of Messara . From there the group headed north under the leadership of Abu Hafs . Abu Hafs and his group of adventurers seized Crete from the Byzantine Empire over the next few years , repelled a number of Byzantine recovery attempts and established an autonomous emirate in the island .
Staballoy ] Staballoy is the name of two different classes of metal alloys , one class typically used for munitions and a different class developed for drilling rods . In a military context , Staballoys are metal alloys of a high proportion of depleted uranium with other metals , usually titanium or molybdenum , designed for use in kinetic energy penetrator armor - piercing munitions . One formulation has a composition of 99 . 25 % of depleted uranium and 0 . 75 % of titanium . Other variants can have 3 . 5 % of titanium . They are about 70 % more dense than lead . An alternative to staballoys in kinetic penetrator munition is Rhenium , but it is more expensive , more difficult to machine and is not pyrophoric , so the munition lacks the incendiary effect enhancing its impact . An emerging alternative alloy of depleted uranium is Stakalloy . Staballoy is also a name for a class of commercially used stainless steels used for drilling rods for drilling rig s . An example is the Staballoy AG17 . It is a different material from military staballoy . It contains 20 . 00 % manganese , 17 . 00 % chromium , 0 . 30 % silicon , 0 . 03 % carbon , 0 . 50 % nitrogen , and 0 . 05 % molybdenum , alloyed with iron . It is nonmagnetic .
SM U - 33 ( Germany ) SM " U - 33 " was a German Type U 31 U - boat of the Imperial German Navy . SS Brussels . On 28 March 1915 , " U - 33 " ordered the Great Eastern Railway ' s to stop . Instead of stopping , her captain , Charles Fryatt ordered full steam ahead and attempted to ram " U - 33 " , which only just managed to dive in time . Sinking of hospital ship . On March 30 , 1916 the Russia n hospital ship " Portugal " was towing a string of small flat - bottomed boats to ferry wounded from the shore to the ship . Off Rizeh , on the Turkish coast of the Black Sea she had stopped as one of the small boats was sinking and repairs were being made . The ship was not carrying wounded at the time , but had a staff of Red Cross workers on board , as well as her usual crew . Operations . SM U - 33 Kaptlt . Gausser till autumn 1917 , then to " U - 156 " ; next C . O . probably Kaptlt . Siess . Came off the stocks at Kiel about the end of November 1914 , and joined the Kiel School for trials , proceeding to Emden on 12 January 1915 . She was attached to the 4th Half Flotilla . 24 – 25 January 1915 . On Bight patrol to an area where enemy battle cruisers were reported . 30 January 1915 ? Special anti - submarine patrol . Returned owing to engine trouble . ? 18 – 20 February 1915 . Bight patrol . 21 February - ? 22 February 1915 . Bight patrol . 27 February - 10 April 1915 . Through Channel to Atlantic . 2 S . S . , 2 sailing vessels sunk . 29 – 30 May 1915 . North Sea returned owing to defective W / T . 4 – 24 June 1915 . Northabout to west coast of Scotland . Sank 2 S . S . , 1 prize . 14 – 17 August 1915 . Bight Anti - air raid patrol . 28 August - 15 September 1915 . To Mediterranean northabout . Sank 5 S . S . Arrived Cattaro about 15 September and joined the Constantinople Half Flot . 28 September - 9 October 1915 . Cruise in eastern Mediterranean . Sank 10 S . S . 16 November - 6 December 1915 . Cruise in central Mediterranean . Sank 13 S . S . On 5 December was in action with drifter HOLLIBANK in the Straits of Otranto . Took prisoner Capt . Wilson , King ’ s messenger . April 1916 - November 1916 . " U - 33 " was operating chiefly in the eastern Black Sea and was based on Constantinople or Varna . By April 1917 she was back in the Adriatic . 12 January - 10 February 1918 . Left Cattaro and operated in eastern Mediterranean . Sank 2 . S . S . , 2 sailing vessels , and damaged but did not sink 2 S . S . 1 – 17 May 1918 . Left Cattaro for the east , and on 7 May was in area off Port Said . Sank 1 S . S . , 1 sailing vessel , and attacked 2 ships and a convoy unsuccessfully . On May 8 was in action , and on 15 May broke off undertaking owing to defects . 2 September to about 26 September . Left Cattaro for the east . Sank 1 S . S . , 12 sailing vessels . On 19 October 1918 . " U - 33 " left Cattaro for Kiel . The only incident of the voyage was that she was attacked by a trawler on 1 November in about 36°35 ' E . She steered northabout and by the Sound , at some time with " UB - 51 " and " UB - 105 " . Surrendered at Harwich January 16 , 1919 .
Roman Kondratenko Roman Isidorovich Kondratenko ( ; ) ( October 12 , 1857 – December 15 , 1904 ) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army famous for his devout defense of Port Arthur during the Russo - Japanese War of 1904 - 1905 . Biography . Roman Kondratenko was born in Tiflis , Georgia the tenth child to a retired Army major of Ukrainian origin . He was sent to study at the Polotsk Cadet Corps in Polotsk ( located in what is now Belarus ) with the assistance of an elder brother , and obtained a scholarship to study at public expense . Graduating with honors in 1877 , he was able enter the Nikolaev Engineering Institute , now Military engineering - technical university ( Russian : ) . He got a praporshchik and was assigned to the 1st Caucasian sapper battalion . Kondratenko was admitted into the Military Engineering Academy in 1879 , and in 1884 he became an attendee of the General Staff Academy . After serving some time on the engineering department ( 1882 – 1894 ) , he received a regiment in 1895 and was promoted to major general in 1901 . In 1903 , Kondratenko received 7th East Siberian Rifle Brigade , based at Port Arthur . Russo - Japanese War . After Kondratenko ' s arrival at Port Arthur in 1903 , he reorganized and improved on its already massive fortifications over a period of several months , anticipating the coming conflict with the Empire of Japan . After the start of the Siege of Port Arthur , he was the soul of the Russian defenses , personally directing efforts of the defending troops in the most difficult and dangerous areas , and overseeing repairs of the fortifications due to battle damage . General Kondratenko successfully repulsed four Japanese assaults , making skillful use of both army and Imperial Russian Navy forces . However , on December 2 , 1904 he was mortally wounded when the armory of the fort he was defending took a direct hit from Japanese howitzer fire . Eighteen days after his death , generals Stoessel and Foch surrendered Port Arthur to the Japanese . After the war , the body of General Kondratenko was transported to St . Peterburg and buried in Alexander Nevsky Lavra . In the memory of General Kondratenko ' s courage , the Japanese erected a granite obelisk on the spot of his death .
Bletsoe Castle Bletsoe Castle was a late medieval fortified manor house in the village Bletsoe , Bedfordshire . Details . Bletsoe Castle was created by John Pateshull , who received a license to crenellate an existing manor house on the east side of Blestoe in 1327 . Pateshull had owned the manor of Blestoe since 1313 , but in 1324 he inherited additional lands , allowing him to acquire permission to crenellate the property . It was the birthplace of Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Richmond and Derby who later became the mother to Henry VII of England . Although her year of birth is uncertain , it remains in dispute that it is either May 31 , 1441 or 1443 . In the late 16th or early 17th century , a new building was erected around the castle , quadrangular in design with three or four storeys and gable windows . Much of this later building was pulled down , leaving a much smaller building , still incorporating parts of the older castle , within the older medieval earthworks . Today the castle is a scheduled monument and a Grade II * listed building . The medieval moat has a diameter of , is on average wide and deep . The moat is water - filled in parts though the south side has been destroyed by the construction of agricultural buildings over it .
Apache ( missile ) The MBDA Apache ( ; ) is a French - developed air - launched anti - runway cruise missile , manufactured by European arms company MBDA . The Apache system is at the base of the SCALP EG concept , notably for the aerodynamics and the stealth feature . The SCALP EG also has a different propulsion system as well as a different warhead . While the SCALP uses a single high - penetration warhead , the Apache ' s effect is obtained by dispersal of 10 cluster submunitions .
Fort Soledad Fuerte Nuestra Señora de la Soledad or Fort Soledad is a fort in Umatac , Guam built by the Spanish in 1810 and named for Our Lady of Solitude . It is the last of the four forts build around Umatac Bay . It is now a park .