naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Archibald Jamieson Sir Archibald Auldjo Jamieson KBE MC ( 1884 – 23 October 1959 ) was a British soldier and businessman , chairman of the British arms and aircraft company Vickers during World War II . Family . His father George was senior partner in the Edinburgh accountancy firm Lindsay , Jamieson , and Haldane , and a councillor in Edinburgh ; his mother was George Jamieson ' s second wife , Susan Helena ( née Oliphant ) . He was educated at Winchester College and New College , Oxford . He trained as an accountant . He served during the First World War , being mentioned in despatches and awarded the MC . In 1917 he married Doris Pearce , daughter of Henry Pearce , RN ; the couple had two sons and two daughters ; their eldest son was David Auldjo Jamieson who was awarded the VC in the Second World War . Jamieson himself was knighted ( KBE ) in 1946 . Lady Doris died in 1947 . In 1956 , he remarried , to Margretta Stroup Austin . He died three years later , in 1959 . Career . Jamieson became a director of armaments company Vickers in 1928 and chairman in 1937 ; in the late 1930s he helped integrate the main firm more closely with its subsidiaries , increasing production in the run - up to World War II .
German submarine U - 283 German submarine " U - 283 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 10 June 1942 at the " Bremer Vulkan " yard at Bremen - Vegesack as ' werk ' 48 . She was launched on 17 February 1943 and commissioned on 31 March under the command of " Oberleutnant " Heinz - Günther Scholz . Service history . " U - 283 " served with the 8th U - boat Flotilla for training from March 1943 to January 1944 and operationally with the 9th flotilla from 1 February . She carried out one patrol , sinking no ships . She was a member of two wolfpack s . Patrol . The boat ' s only patrol began with her departure from Kiel on 13 January 1944 . She was sunk 11 February , 1944 southwest of the Faroe Islands by a Canadian Leigh Light equipped Wellington of No . 407 Squadron RCAF . Forty - nine men died ; there were no survivors .
Hermann Neuhoff Hermann Neuhoff ( 11 April 1918 – 17 January 2006 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . On 10 April 1942 he was shot down during combat over Malta and was taken prisoner by British troops . During his career he was credited with 40 aerial victories in 452 missions .
412th Flight Test Squadron The 412th Flight Test Squadron ( 412 FLTS ) is a United States Air Force squadron . It is assigned to the 412th Operations Group , Air Force Materiel Command , stationed at Edwards Air Force Base , California . Overview . Speckled Trout is the official name of a combined SAF / CSAF support mission and concurrent test mission . It was also the official nickname given to a modified C - 135C , serial number 61 - 2669 , that was used by the Secretary and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force for executive transport requirements . Fully equipped with an array of communications equipment , data links and cryptographic sets , the aircraft served a secondary role as a testbed for proposed command and control systems and was also used to evaluate future transport aircraft design . The 412th Flight Test Squadron ( 412 FLTS ) of the Air Force Material Command ( AFMC ) at Edwards AFB , California operated the C - 135 Speckled Trout airframe and managed its test mission . The name " Speckled Trout " applies to both the organization and the aircraft . The name was chosen in honor of an early program monitor , Faye Trout , who assisted in numerous phases of the project . The word " speckled " was added because Trout apparently had " a lot of freckles . " Speckled Trout acquired the C - 135C , serial number 61 - 2669 , in 1974 and retired the aircraft on 13 Jan 2006 . An interim aircraft was in use for the Speckled Trout mission until the 2008 delivery of the current aircraft , a modified KC - 135R Stratotanker serial number 63 - 7980 with a more modern communications architecture testbed . The current KC - 135R Speckled Trout also supports additional tests and air refueling requirements that the C - 135C could not .
Army Police ( Portugal ) The Army Police ( ) , usually called the " Lanceiros " , is the provost ( military police ) of the Portuguese Army — being the speciality designated as " Polícia Militar " ( Military Police ) between 1953 and 1976 . In the Portuguese Army it is a speciality of the Cavalry Arm , being the instruction and organization of the Army Police forces is of the responsibility of the " Regimento de Lanceiros Nº 2 " ( 2nd Lancers Regiment ) . The military police wear a black beret . Operational units of the Army Police :
44 Parachute Regiment ( South Africa ) 44 Parachute Regiment ( popularly known as the " Parabats " ) is the South African Army ' s chief airborne infantry unit . It was created in 2000 by redesignating 44 Parachute Brigade , and is based at the Tempe military base near Bloemfontein . History . The first South African airborne unit was formed in August 1943 , when a Parachute Platoon of the South African Air Force was established . However , this unit was disbanded before training could be completed . There were no further attempts to establish any airborne units until 1961 , when selected members of the South African Army received parachute training at RAF Abingdon . This was followed by the establishment of 1 Parachute Battalion under Commandant Willem Louw on 1 April 1961 . On 26 August 1966 , units of 1 Parachute Battalion ( called Parabat s ) first participated in operations as part of the South African Border War in South - West Africa ( now Namibia ) . This involvement was eventually to last for more than twenty years . In April 1978 44 Parachute Brigade was established , with the addition of 2 and 3 Parachute Battalions . On 4 May 1978 South Africa ' s first major airborne operation ( Operation Reindeer ) took place . A large group of paratroopers , from 1 , 2 and 3 Battalions , attacked a large SWAPO base in Angola , successfully capturing it . " ( See Battle of Cassinga ) " . Following the end of the Border War in 1989 , the Brigade was scaled down slightly and began preparing for a new role , that of conducting operations internally in South Africa in order to quell increasing levels of violence between various political groups . In January 1991 the Brigade conducted its first operational jump in an urban counterinsurgency role when 2 Parachute Battalion deployed to Natal as part of Operation Eardrum to quell the violence . The Brigade took part in many similar operations in the following years , helping to minimise the violence sufficiently to allow South Africa ' s first democratic elections to go ahead in April 1994 . The Brigade ' s first operational deployment in the post - 1994 period was Operation Boleas in September 1998 . It deployed two parachute companies and the Pathfinder Platoon to Lesotho to prevent a coup d ' état . During 1998 , the decision was taken to redesignate the unit as a multi - battalion regiment , but it was only during the year 2000 that this change became official . Current structure . As of 2004 , the Regiment consists of the following units :
Denzil Macarthur - Onslow Major - General Sir Denzil Macarthur - Onslow CBE , DSW , ED ( 5 March 1904 – 30 November 1984 ) was an Australian general . Macarthur - Onslow , the son of grazier Arthur Macarthur - Onslow , enlisted in the Australian Citizens Military Forces in 1924 . In 1935 , he was appointed Captain Ex Reserve of Officers in the 2nd Military District of the Australian Field Artillery ; on 31 June 1936 he was appointed to Captain Royal Australian Artillery . On 26 May 1939 , he was appointed Captain of the 2nd Australian Armoured Regiment and a Captain in the Australian Imperial Force . He was promoted major in October 1939 and served with the 6th Australian Division Reconnaissance Regiment . On 11 June 1941 he was promoted lieutenant - colonel and placed in command of the 6th Australian Division Regiment , and on 23 April 1942 was appointed second in command of the 1st Australian Armoured Brigade . On 14 July he was promoted Temporary Brigadier to command of the brigade . He relinquished command in March 1946 and was granted the rank of Honorary Brigadier ; he was promoted Brigadier on 4 January 1949 . He was discharged in August 1953 but re - enlisted in August 1954 , commanding the 2nd Division ; he transferred to the Reserve on 1 December 1957 and was appointed to the Military Board on 1 December 1958 as a Major - General . Macarthur - Onslow was also politically active ; he was by far the most successful candidate for the Liberal Democratic Party at the 1943 federal election , coming close to winning the seat of Eden - Monaro . He contested Eden - Monaro again for the Liberal Party in 1946 and 1949 .
Fourth Macedonian War The Fourth Macedonian War ( 150 – 148 BC ) was the final war between Rome and Macedon . It came about as a result of the pretender Andriscus ' s usurpation of the Macedonian throne , pretending to be the son of Perseus , the last King of Macedon , deposed by the Romans after the Third Macedonian War in 168 BC . Andriscus , after some early successes , was eventually defeated by the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus at the Battle of Pydna in 148 BC . Two years later Macedonia became a Roman province .
James Edward Tait James Edward Tait ( 27 May 1888 – 11 August 1918 ) , was a Scottish / Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Background . Tait was born on 27 May 1888 in Maxwelltown ( Dumfries ) , Scotland to James Bryden Tait and Mary Johnstone . He married Jessie Spiers Aitken from California . He joined the Canadian Expeditionary Force in February 1916 . World War I . Tait was 32 years old , and a lieutenant in the 78th ( Winnipeg Grenadiers ) Battalion , Canadian Expeditionary Force , during the First World War . He died in action on 11 August 1918 in Amiens , France . He was awarded the VC for his actions . VC citation . Tait is buried at Fouquescourt British Cemetery which is located 16 miles south of Albert , France ( special memorial , grave 8 ) . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Glenbow Museum in Calgary , Alberta , Canada .
Subordinate officer Subordinate officer is a term used in some armed forces for a grade of officer above a non - commissioned officer but still not actually commissioned , usually still in training . Such officers are treated for most intents and purposes as commissioned officers . Canada . In the Canadian Forces , subordinate officers ( ) as a group consist of the Army and Air Force ranks of Officer Cadet ( OCdt ) and the Navy ' s Naval Cadet ( NCdt ) ; the French language equivalents are " Élève - officier ( élof ) " and " Aspirant de marine ( aspm ) " , respectively . The subordinate officer ' s rank insignia is a single narrow strip of gold braid worn on the cuff of the Service Dress jacket , or on slip - on s on the shoulders of other uniforms . Unlike that of commissioned officer s , the peak of the service dress cap ( if worn ) is plain , identical to that of non - commissioned member s ( NCMs ) . However , cap badges and other accoutrements are those of commissioned officers which are different from those of NCMs . In the Royal Canadian Navy , Elliot ' s Eye ( the Executive Curl ) is absent from the visible rank . Subordinate officers are addressed as " Sir " or " Ma ' am " by non - commissioned members , and by rank and name by superior officers . As they do not hold commissions they are not required to be saluted . They may however hold positions of authority , either in an acting capacity or for training purposes , such as second - in - command of a platoon , under the close supervision of a superior officer . United Kingdom . In the Royal Navy , Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve and Royal Naval Reserve , subordinate officers included Acting Sub - Lieutenant s , Midshipmen and Naval Cadet s , as well as Probationary Second Lieutenant s of the Royal Marines . They held their ranks by Admiralty Board orders . They were officers for the purposes of the Naval Discipline Act 1957 and the Queen ' s Regulations for the Royal Navy , and were entitled to be saluted and to be addressed as " Sir " by rating s and addressed as " Mr " by superior officers . They also wore officer uniform , although with a smaller cap badge until April 1927 , when it was made the same size as that of commissioned officers . In 1972 , all cadets became midshipmen when the rank of cadet was abolished . From 1925 , all masters , mates and engineers 1st and 2nd class of the Admiralty Yard Craft Service held the courtesy status of subordinate officer . Subordinate Officer was also the most junior rank in HM Prison Service . Until late 1922 , it was divided into Divisions II and I . It is now simply called Prison Officer .
Ancillary weapon An ancillary weapon is a weapon used for secondary or auxiliary purpose , such as a bayonet . Such weapons are usually equipped with less firepower than the primary weapon . The usage of ancillary weapons most frequently occurs when the primary weapon becomes inoperable or ineffective due to shortage of ammunition or when a battle becomes a Close Quarters Battle . Many modern weapons / vehicles are equipped with ancillary weapons , including tanks or even the SA80 .
GEMSS mine system The GEMSS mine system ( Ground Emplaced Mine Scattering System ) was a US mine system , replaced in US service by the Volcano mine system . The mines are deployed from either the towed M128 " Frisbee Flinger " and the M138 " Flipper " portable mine layer . Mines . The system consists of two mines , the M74 and M75 , that are similar to the mines used in the GATOR mine system but without the " aeroballistic " casing . The M74 is an anti - personnel mine and the M75 is an anti - tank mine . There is also an M79 inert practice mine . M128 towed minelayer . The M128 towed minelayer is fitted to a modified M794 trailer . The dispenser takes up to 20 minutes to reload and carries 800 mines , which it can dispense at 2 mines per second . Empty it weighs 4 , 773 kg , loaded it weighs 6 , 364 kg . It entered service 1986 . M138 flipper minelayer . The M138 is a portable mine dispenser , that entered service in 1991 and was designed to supplement the M128 . It can be mounted on any vehicle in about 10 minutes . It can throw a mine 20 to 30 meters every 10 seconds . The complete unit weighs 55 kg .
Zawiya skirmish The Zawiya skirmish began on 11 June 2012 , when the National Liberation Army launched an attack into the coastal city of Zawiya in an attempt to recapture it from army units and militiamen loyal to Muammar Gaddafi . The attack was quickly crushed by the numerically - superior and better - equipped loyalist forces , who had taken the city earlier in the Libyan Civil War after defeating rebel forces in a major battle that lasted from February to March 2011 . Combat . New clashes had restarted by early June , with an anti - Gaddafi uprising within the city . On 11 June , a spokesman for the rebel National Transitional Council said that the opposition fighters were in control of a large area on the western side of the city . Later the same day , Reuters confirmed that the coastal road was shut down and deserted , except for a large number of soldiers , police and armed men in civilian clothes . Residents also confirmed that fighting begun during the morning between loyalist forces and rebels and described fighting as " heavy " . According to rebel spokesman within the city , 30 rebels were killed and 20 wounded in two days of fighting . The rebels managed to take control of the western side of the city , but the loyalists remained in control of the city center and the eastern side . Also , there were reports that loyalist forces were receiving reinforcements . Guma el - Gamaty , United Kingdom based coordinator for the National Transitional Council claimed that rebel fighters in Zawiya are composed of fighters which trained in the Nafusa Mountains . Moussa Ibrahim , a Libyan government spokesman , insisted that only 20 to 25 rebels guerrilla fighters infiltrated the city and were being surrounded , and that they posed no threat to the regime . By the evening of 12 June , a government spokesman announced that the rebels were defeated at Zawiya after hours of fighting . A group of foreign reporters were taken from Tripoli to Zawiya for confirmation of the loyalist victory . The reporters saw secure streets and confirmed that the pro - Gaddafi green flag was flying at the main square , where hours earlier rebels had claimed to have surrounded the loyalists and be attacking them from three sides . The government stated that the opposition forces had been pushed out of the city and surrounded on the edge of Zawiya . This was partially confirmed with a reporter hearing several gunshots west of the city center , from where the rebels assaulted , and a rebel in the town stating that fighting was still taking place . The rebels claimed that during the battle , a loyalist commander , the high - ranking el - Khouwildy el - Ahmeidy , was seriously wounded in a NATO air - strike while he was heading to Zawiya . On 13 June , contact with the rebel spokesman in the city , who was updating journalists on the situation , had ceased and the highway running through Zawiya toward the Tunisian border was re - opened . Foreign journalists were taken on a tour along the highway , confirming that traffic wasn ' t being re - routed anymore around Zawiya , as was done at the beginning of the fighting .
2nd Light Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 2nd Light Division ( sometimes described as " Light Mechanized " or " Light Panzer " to distinguish it from " Light infantry " divisions ) was created in November 1938 . In 1939 it fought in the Invasion of Poland . Afterwards it was reorganized as the 7th Panzer Division , in October 1939 . As the 7th Panzer Division it participated in the 1940 Battle of France under the command of the soon - to - be - famous Erwin Rommel , earning its nickname " Gespenster - Division " ( " Ghost Division " , ) because it advanced so rapidly into and beyond the French front lines that higher headquarters lost track of where it was . It remained in France on occupation duty until early 1941 . In June 1941 it joined Operation Barbarossa and fought on the Eastern Front until the spring of 1942 , when it was shipped back to France for rehabilitation . It returned to the east in early 1943 and was used in the attempt to shore up the front line after the Battle of Stalingrad and continued with Army Group South as the Germans were pushed back through the Ukraine . In July 1944 it was transferred to Army Group Center and moved northward to fight in Lithuania and Courland . It continued to be driven westward along with the front lines until it surrendered to the Soviets at Schwerin in Pomerania at the war ' s end in May 1945 . War Crimes . Soldiers from the division took part in atrocities against Polish citizens during September Campaign . On the 12th of September in the village of Kozłowice , soldiers of the division killed 5 Polish prisoners of war . Near Opatowiec 45 Polish prisoners of war were killed by the soldiers of the division .
Battle of Ferrybridge The Battle of Ferrybridge , 28 March 1461 , was a small engagement between the houses of York and Lancaster before the larger battle of Towton , during the period known as the Wars of the Roses . After proclaiming himself king , Edward IV gathered together a large force and marched north towards the Lancastrian position behind the Aire River in Yorkshire . On 27 March the Earl of Warwick ( leading the vanguard ) forced a crossing at Ferrybridge , bridging the gaps ( the Lancastrians having previously destroyed it ) with planks . In the process he lost many men , both to the freezing winter water and to the frequent hail of arrows coming from a small but determined Lancastrian force on the other side . Once the crossing was managed and the Lancastrians seen off , Warwick had his men repair the bridge while camp was established on the north side of the river . Early next morning the Yorkists were ambushed by a large party of Lancastrians under Sir John Clifford and John , Lord Neville ( Warwick ’ s half - great - uncle ) . Completely surprised and confused Warwick ’ s forces suffered many losses . Warwick ’ s second - in - command at camp , Lord FitzWalter was mortally wounded while trying to rally his men ( he died a week later ) . The Bastard of Salisbury , Warwick ' s half - brother was slain and in the process of retreating the Earl of Warwick himself was injured , struck by an arrow in the leg . Jean de Wavrin states that nearly 3000 men perished in the fighting . After the battle Edward arrived with his main army and together Warwick and Edward returned to the bridge to find it in ruins . Warwick sent his uncle , Lord Fauconberg with the Yorkist cavalry upstream to where they crossed the ford at Castleford and pursued Lord Clifford . Fauconberg pursued Lord Clifford , in sight of the main Lancastrian army and defeated him after a fierce struggle . Clifford was killed by an arrow in the throat , having unaccountably removed the piece of armour that should have protected this area of his body .
Sialkot Fort Sialkot Fort is one of the oldest forts in Pakistan . The city of Sialkot , which is one of the oldest cities of Pakistan , has historical significance due to the Fort . Historian Diayas Jee has stated that Raja Sálbán re - established Sialkot city around the 2nd century CE . and ruled over the area between the rivers Ravi and Chenab . Sálbán built the Sialkot Fort in two years ( which , at the time , had double walls ) for the defense of the city . Raja Sálbán , supposedly , used more than 10 , 000 laborers and masons for the repair and extension of the Fort with stone slabs and rocks which were brought to the location from Pathankot . From 1179 to 1186 , Shahab ud - Din Ghori ruled Lahore and Sindh . With the help of the Raja of Jammu , he captured the Sialkot Fort . The Sialkot Fort was given to the Janjua tribes by Sultan Firuz Shah Tughluq who accepted their suzerainty in that region around late 14th century CE . Rashid Niaz , another historian who has authored Tareekh - i - Sialkot , has written that the second wall of the ancient Sialkot Fort was discovered by the Sialkot Municipal Corporation in 1923 while carrying out civil works in the city . At that time , archaeology experts from Taxila and Delhi visited Sialkot and confirmed that the stone wall ( faseel ) was 5 , 000 years old . Later , that wall was re - buried . At present , few ruins , including a bastion , are all that is left of the Fort . Among the many ills plaguing it is the growing number of encroachments which are a blot on its face . The offices of the district government are located on the premises of the Fort .
K - 9 ( missile ) The Raduga K - 9 ( NATO reporting name AA - 4 ' Awl ' ) was a short - range air - to - air missile developed by the Soviet Union in the late 1950s . It was designed by MKB Raduga , a division of aircraft maker Mikoyan - Gurevich . The K - 9 was also known as the K - 155 , and would apparently have had the service designation R - 38 . It was intended to arm the Mikoyan - Gurevich Ye - 152A ( NATO reporting name ' Flipper ' ) , an experimental high speed twin - engine aircraft , predecessor to the Mikoyan - Gurevich MiG - 25 ' Foxbat ' . When the Ye - 152A was shown at Tushino in 1961 , a prototype of the K - 9 missile was displayed with it . Neither the ' Flipper ' nor the ' Awl ' ever entered production .