naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies The Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies ( RAF CAPS ) is a Royal Air Force sponsored think tank which engages in the study of air power . The centre was launched on 23 August 2007 by Air Chief Marshal Sir Glenn Torpy , Chief of the Air Staff . Based at the Royal Air Force College , this think tank and research centre claims to bring together academia with serving members of the RAF to analyse how air power has been used in the past and how best it might be used in a modern , complex world of increasing ambiguity . It aspires to act as the RAF ’ s centre for strategic and conceptual thinking about air power , to " encourage and promote the study of air power , particularly within the Service and academia , but also throughout the broader intellectual community ( including the media and think - tanks ) " . The centre hosts a website , runs major conferences , offers fellowships and , since 2008 , publishes a journal called " Air Power Review " . Its board is headed by Air Vice - Marshal M C Green CBE , Air Officer Commanding No . 22 ( Training ) Group . Its staff consists of key members of the Royal Air Force , the Air Historical Branch ( RAF ) , and academics from King ' s College London ' s Air Power Studies Division . In 2009 the RAF CAPS worked with a King ' s College team of air power experts under the direction of Dr Joel Hayward to develop the UK ' s first specialised Master ' s Degree in air power studies . The Chief of the Air Staff ' s Air Power Workshop , sometimes known merely as the CAS Workshop , is a small working group of senior scholars and other theorists convened by the Chief of Air Staff , the professional head of the Royal Air Force . Run by the successive Directors of Defence Studies ( RAF ) , the Workshop develops and debates cutting - edge ideas on air power and sporadically produces books containing the findings . Current members include Al Byford , Sebastian Cox ( Head of the Air Historical Branch ) , Philip Sabin , Joel Hayward , David Jordan and Christina Goulter .
Rodney P . Rempt Rodney Paul Rempt ( born June 13 , 1945 ) is a retired Vice Admiral of the United States Navy who served as the 58th Superintendent of the U . S . Naval Academy from 2003 to 2007 . Biography . He was raised in the Los Angeles suburb of Van Nuys and graduated from the U . S . Naval Academy with the Class of 1966 . Initial assignments at sea included deployments to Vietnam aboard and followed by command of , one of four missile - armed patrol gunboats homeported in Naples , Italy . Rempt commanded during two WESTPAC / Indian Ocean deployments , and homeported in Yokosuka , Japan . While on " Bunker Hill " , Rempt served for 18 months as the Anti - Air Warfare Commander ( AAWC ) for Seventh Fleet . Duties ashore included three years in the Weapon Prototyping office of the Naval Sea Systems Command as the initial project officer for the MK 41 Vertical Launch system , and both the Program Coordinator for the Aegis Weapon System , and the Director , Anti - Air Warfare Requirements Division ( OP - 75 ) on the CNO ’ s staff . Rempt also worked in the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization ( BMDO ) where he initiated the development of Naval Theater Ballistic Missile Defense ( TBMD ) . Initial flag assignments were as Director , Theater Air Defense ( N865 ) , followed by Program Executive Officer , Theater Air Defense ( PEO TAD ) , concurrently serving as the U . S . Steering Committee Member for the NATO Sea Sparrow and Rolling Airframe Missile multi - national programs . Vice Adm . Rempt subsequently served as the first Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Theater Combat Systems and as the first Assistant Chief of Naval Operations for Missile Defense . In this position , Vice Adm . Rempt additionally served as Director , Surface Warfare ( N76 ) , responsible for all Surface Warfare people initiatives , ship programs and combat systems . His final Flag assignment before retirement was as Superintendent , United States Naval Academy . His education includes master ' s degrees in Systems Analysis from Stanford University and in National Security and Strategic Studies from the Naval War College . He served one year as the Director of the PCO / PXO Department at the Surface Warfare Officers Schools Command and two years as the 49th President of the Naval War College in Newport , Rhode Island . Decorations . His personal awards include the Navy Distinguished Service Medal , the Legion of Merit ( three awards ) , the Meritorious Service Medal ( three awards ) , and the Navy Commendation Medal ( three awards with Combat “ V ” ) . Retirement . Vice Admiral Jeffrey Fowler relieved Rempt as Superintendent of the U . S . Naval Academy on 8 June 2007 . Rempt retired with the rank of Vice Admiral on 9 June . He plans to retire , with his wife , to Montana , and then return to Annapolis and the Academy . On 15 September 2008 , OEWaves , a producer of microwave photonic products and solutions , announced that Rempt has joined the company ' s Board of Directors .
Duchy of Saint Sava Duchy of Saint Sava ( , Bosnian and , ) was a late medieval statelet which existed amid the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans . It was ruled by Stjepan Vukčić and his son Vladislav , of the Kosača noble family , and included parts of modern day Bosnia & Herzegovina , Croatia , Montenegro and Serbia . Stjepan titled himself " " Vojvoda of Saint Sava " " , after the first Serbian Archbishop , Saint Sava . Vojvoda in German translation is " Herzog " ( " duke " ) , and this would later give the name to the present - day region of Herzegovina , as the Ottomans used " Hersek Sancağı " ( " Sanjak of the Herzog " ) for the province which was transformed into an Ottoman sanjak . History . In a document sent to Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III on 20 January 1448 , Stephen Vukčić Kosača styled himself " " Vojvoda " ( duke , herzog ) " of Saint Sava " " ( Vojvoda svetog Save ) , " " lord of Hum and Primorje " " ( gospodar Humski i Primorski ) , and " " Grand Duke " " , and forced the Bosnian kingdom to recognize him as such . The title " Vojvoda of Saint Sava " had considerable public relations value , because Sava ' s relics , which were located in Mileševa , were consider miracle - working by people of all Christian faiths in the region . On 15 February 1444 , Stephen signed a treaty with Alfonso V , King of Aragon and Naples , becoming his vassal in exchange for the king ' s help against Stjepan ' s enemies , namely King Stephen Thomas of Bosnia , Duke Ivaniš Pavlović and the Republic of Venice . In the same treaty Stjepan promised to pay regular tribute to Alfonso instead of his tribute to the Ottoman sultan , which he had done up until then . Stjepan Vukčić died in 1466 , and was succeeded by his eldest son Vladislav Hercegović . In 1482 he was overpowered by Ottoman forces led by Stjepan Vukčić ' s youngest son , Hersekli Ahmed Pasha , who converted to Islam prior to that . In the Ottoman Empire , Herzegovina was organized as a province ( sanjak ) within the state ( pashaluk ) of Bosnia . Stjepan founded the Serbian Orthodox Zagrađe Monastery near his realm ' s seat in Herceg Novi , modern - day Montenegro , and the Savina Monastery , also near Herceg Novi .
HMS Domett ( K473 ) HMS " Domett " ( K473 ) was a British Captain - class frigate of the Royal Navy in commission during World War II . Originally constructed as the United States Navy " Evarts " - class destroyer escort USS " Eisner " ( DE - 269 ) , she served in the Royal Navy from 1943 to 1946 . Construction and transfer . The ship was assigned the name USS " Eisner " , the first ship of the name , on 23 February 1943 and laid down as the U . S . Navy destroyer escort DE - 269 by the Boston Navy Yard in Boston , Massachusetts , on 7 April 1943 . She was launched on 19 May 1943 and transferred to the United Kingdom under Lend - Lease upon completion on 3 September 1943 . Service history . Commissioned into service in the Royal Navy as HMS " Domett " ( K473 ) under the command of Temporary / Acting Lieutenant Commander Stirling Gordon , RNVR , on 3 September 1943 simultaneously with her transfer , the ship served on patrol and escort duty . On 29 June 1944 she joined the British frigates , , and and a Royal Air Force Liberator aircraft of No . 244 Squadron in a depth charge attack that sank the German submarine " U - 988 " in the English Channel west of Guernsey at . The Royal Navy returned " Domett " to the U . S . Navy on 5 March 1946 . Disposal . The United States sold " Domett " on 3 June 1947 for scrapping .
Xinhai Revolution in Xinjiang The Xinhai Revolution in Xinjiang refers to the fighting that took place in Xinjiang during the Xinhai Revolution . Fighting . The last Qing dynasty governor Yuan Dahua fled and handed over his resignation to Yang Zengxin because he could not handle fighting the revolutionaries and did not want to work for the Republic of China . The Ili revolutionaries and the Gelaohui were eliminated by Yang . Yang appointed Ma Fuxing as military commander of 2 , 000 Chinese Muslim troops , to crush Yang ' s rivals . President Yuan Shikai recognized his rule , appointing him Governor of Xinjiang .
C - class blimp The C - type blimp was a patrol airship developed by the US Navy shortly after World War I , a systematic improvement upon the B - type which was very suitable for training , but of limited value for patrol work . Larger , with two motors , and a longer endurance . Once again , the envelope production was split between Goodyear and Goodrich , with control cars being built by the Burgess division of Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company , and the St . Louis Aircraft Corporation . All ten of the " C " type blimps were delivered in late 1918 , and examples served at all of the Navy ' s airship stations in 1919 and 1920 . In 1921 the C - 7 was the first airship ever to be inflated with helium . The Navy deflated its last two C - type airships , the C - 7 and C - 9 in 1922 . Operations . Arriving too late for the war , the C - type was used for a variety of activities . Training of course , but there were also other exploits . C - 1 was the first airship to release an airplane in flight when the C - 1 dropped a Curtiss JN - 4 over Fort Tilden , New York on 12 December 1918 . C - 1 also tested a job which Navy blimps would also perform for the rest of their service . It was flown to Key West , Florida where it tracked torpedoes fired in practice from submarines . The only " famous " C - type was the C - 5 , which was flown to St . Johns , Newfoundland , where it was to attempt a transatlantic flight in competition with the US Navy ' s heavier - than - air Curtiss NC flying boats . The attempt ended when the C - 5 was blown from the hands of the ground crew and out to sea . Two C - type blimps were transferred to the US Army . C - 8 exploded 2 July 1919 while landing at Camp Holabird , Maryland , injuring ~ 80 adults and children who were watching it . Windows in homes a mile away were shattered by the blast . On 7 July 1921 , US Navy Airship C - 3 burned at Naval Air Station Hampton Roads , Norfolk , Virginia . Interesting fact . The first US thermo - nuclear bombs , the Fat Man ( Mark III ) had incredibly bad ballistics . Los Alamos engineers , in an effort to fit the awkward shape of the weapon into an aerodynamically sound shape , based the Mark IV bomb casing upon the shape of the C - type blimp envelope .
Eighth Area Army ( Japan ) The Eighth Area Army was an area army of the Imperial Japanese Army . The army was formed on 9 November 1942 , becoming effective on 26 November at Rabaul as part of the Southern Army . The army was disbanded in September 1945 .
Julia Catherine Stimson Julia Catherine Stimson ( May 26 , 1881 - September 30 , 1948 ) is credited as one of several persons who brought nursing to the status of a profession . As superintendent of the Army Nurse Corps during World War I , Stimson became the first woman to attain the rank of Major ( United States ) in the United States Army . Mary T . Sarnecky , author of " A History of the U . S . Army Nurse Corps " ( Penn Press , 1993 ) wrote , " Stimson actively lived a feminist ideology in several singularly oppressive and paternalistic contexts - - the upper - class Victorian home , the turn - of - the - century hospital setting and the military establishment of the early 20th century . " Thousands of women nurses enlisted in the Corps , and returned from the War as both professionals and veterans . Stimson herself was awarded the United States Distinguished Service Medal , presented by General John J . Pershing . She was also awarded the Royal Red Cross . Though she retired from the Army in 1937 , Stimson returned after the outbreak of World War II as chief of the Nursing Council on National Defense , and recruited a new generation of women to serve as nurses . She was promoted to full colonel in 1948 , shortly before her death . Stimson , who served as President of the American Nursing Association from 1938 to 1944 , was inducted into that association ' s Hall of Fame in 1976 . Her papers are housed at the Weill Cornell Medical Center Archives .
Bushmaster III The Bushmaster III is an automatic / semi - automatic cannon designed and built by Alliant Techsystems . It is based on the M242 Bushmaster originally developed by Alliant Techsystems . The weapon has been selected as the primary armament of the CV90 infantry fighting vehicle s ( IFV ) currently in service by the Danish and Dutch armies . Specifications . " Includes gun barrel , drive motor , recoil system and integral dual feeder . "
Battle of Bolimów The Battle of Bolimov was an inconclusive battle of World War I fought on January 31 , 1915 between Germany and Russia and considered a preliminary to the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes . Battle . The German Ninth Army led by August von Mackensen attacked the Russian Second Army , under General Smirnov , near the Polish village of Bolimów , lying on the railway line connecting Łódź and Warsaw . The Battle of Bolimów was the first attempt by the Germans at a large - scale use of poison gas ; the eighteen thousand gas shells they fired proved unsuccessful when the xylyl bromide — a type of tear gas — was blown back at their own lines . The gas caused few , if any , casualties , however , since the cold weather caused it to freeze , rendering it ineffective . The failure of the xylyl bromide caused the German commanders to call off their attack . In response , the Russians sent 11 divisions , led by Vasily Gurko to launch a counterattack ; German artillery repelled the Russian troops , who suffered 40 , 000 casualties .
93rd Indiana Infantry Regiment The 93rd Regiment Indiana Infantry was an American infantry regiment that was organized at Madison , Indianapolis and New Albany , Indiana , August 16 to October 31 , 1862 during the Civil War . The regiment marched out of Indiana for Memphis , Tennessee on November 9 , 1862 attached to the 5th Brigade , 13th Army Corps . By August , 1865 it was attached to the 1st Brigade , 1st Division , 16th Army Corps , Military Division West Mississippi . Service . The regiment was primarily on guard duty until March 1863 . It then marched off to meet up with other contingents to join in the Siege of Vicksburg from May 18 - July 4 . From there it advanced on Jackson , Mississippi on the 4th and took part in the Siege of Jackson from July 10 – 17 . After its participation in this battle , it was moved to Memphis , Tennessee for provost duty until May 1864 . The regiment continued with expeditions through Mississippi until June 10 when it fought in the Battle of Brice ' s Cross Roads or Tishamingo Creek near Guntown . It moved through Arkansas and Missouri in pursuit of retreating Confederate forces . It then saw action in the Battle of Nashville from December 15 – 16 and pursued Confederate commander Gen . Hood to the Tennessee River . It was sent to Vicksburg and then New Orleans for light duties for some time after this . It was then sent to campaign against Mobile , Alabama and its defenses on March 17 , 1865 and then took part in the Siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely from March 26 - April 8 . The regiment was one of the lead unit for the assault and capture of Fort Blakely on April 9 . Next it marched with the army and captured Mobile on April 12 . From there it moved on to Montgomery and had guard duty there until May 10 after the surrender of the Confederacy . The regiment was finally mustered at Gainesville , Alabama on August 10 , 1865 for inspections , and awarding citations . It was on guard duty in Alabama and Mississippi for part of the Reconstruction period until it was finally sent home and disbanded . The regiment lost only one officer and 37 enlisted men in action , and three officers and 250 enlisted men by disease , totaling 291 casualties .
William Penn Adair William Penn Adair ( 1830 – 1880 ) was a Cherokee leader and Confederate colonel . Background . William Penn Adair was born on April 15 , 1830 in the old Cherokee Nation in New Echota , Georgia . His parents were George Washington Adair and Martha Adair . He attended Cherokee schools in Indian Territory , studying law . He was a Freemason , belonging to the Vinita Lodge No . 5 , which was chartered in 1875 . He was described as being " six foot and two inches in height , magnetic , logical and frankly agreeable , the ablest and most brilliant of all Cherokees . Adair ' s first wife was Sarah Ann McNair . His second was Susannah " Sue " McIntosh Drew . He lived on the Grand River in what is now Adair , Oklahoma . Military service . During the civil war he served in the Confederate States Army , first in the First Regiment of Cherokee Mounted Volunteers , under General Stand Watie . Adair rose in rank to colonel and organized the Second Cherokee Mounted Volunteers . Tribal leadership . Adair served the Cherokee Nation in many capacities . He was a senator , a justice of the Cherokee Supreme Court , delegate to Washington , DC , and assistant principal chief . He served as the Senator from the Flint District from 1855 - 1860 and Senator from the Saline District from 1869 - 1874 . In 1879 , he was elected as Assistant Chief . Throughout the 1860s and 1870s , Adair served as a delegate to Washington . He was a vocal advocate for the rights of the Texas Cherokees . In 1873 , he and Clement Neely Vann co - authored the book , " History of the Claim of the Texas Cherokees , " in which they wrote on behalf of " the Texas Cherokees and Affiliated Bands . " Cherokees sought compensation from Texas for lands lost in 1839 and sent Adair to Washington to petition Congress to allow him to sue the state to return lands in Texas once belonging to Cherokee people . In 1839 , Republic of Texas President Mirabeau Lamar had forcibly driven Texas Cherokees into Indian Territory and seized their Texan lands . The tribe wanted in East Texas returned to them . The state offered lands in the Texas Panhandle , but the tribe refused to accept that offer . Death and legacy . While in Washington , DC , Adair died on October 23 , 1880 . Several Cherokee men were named after him in the late 19th century , including the celebrated Cherokee humorist William Penn Adair Rogers ( better known as Will Rogers ) . Adair , Oklahoma was named for William Penn Adair and his brother , Dr . Walter Thompson Adair .
Adolf Rüd Adolf Rüd was a Hauptscharführer , in the Waffen SS during World War II . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Adolf Rüd was serving as a platoon commander in the Headquarters Company , 3rd SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Deutschland " , 2nd SS Panzer Division " Das Reich " , when he was awarded a posthumous Knight ' s Cross , during the Battle of Normandy .
United States Armed Forces oath of enlistment Upon enlisting in the United States Armed Forces , each person enlisting in an armed force ( whether a Soldier , Sailor , Coast Guardsman , Airman , or Marine ) takes an oath of enlistment required by federal statute in . That section provides the text of the oath and sets out who may administer the oath : Army Regulation 601 - 210 , Active and Reserve Components Enlistment Program provides that : There is no duration defined in the Oath itself . The term of service for each enlisted person is written on the DD Form 4 series , the contract which specifies the enlistment period , which for a first - time enlistee is typically six years , which can be a combination of active duty and time spent in a reserve component , although enlisted reservists are subject to activation until the end of the eight - year initial military obligation . Officers do not take the same oath as enlisted personnel , instead taking a similar United States Uniformed Services Oath of Office .
William O ' Brien ( Royal Navy officer ) Admiral Sir William Donough O ' Brien KCB DSC ( born 13 November 1916 ) was Commander - in - Chief of the Western Fleet . Naval career . Educated at the Royal Naval College Dartmouth , O ' Brien was commissioned into the Royal Navy in 1930 . He served in World War II . In the early 1960s he served as Director of Naval Plans at the Ministry of Defence under Lord Louis Mountbatten . He was then appointed Naval Secretary in 1964 . He was appointed Flag Officer Aircraft Carriers in 1966 , Commander - in - Chief , Far East Fleet in 1967 and Commander - in - Chief of the Western Fleet in 1970 . He retired in 1971 . In retirement he became Chairman of the King George ' s Fund for Sailors . In 1975 he was Chairman of the Royal Navy Club of 1765 & 1785 ( United 1889 ) . He became Chairman of the Kennet and Avon Canal and after its re - opening by HM Queen Elizabeth in 1990 , he retired from this post . He also held the posts of Rear - Admiral and then Vice - Admiral of the United Kingdom . Family . In 1943 he married Rita Micallef : widow of Stephen Hebblethwaite . She had a daughter Louise . They went on to have one son , Timothy and a daughter Susan .
National Security Service ( Turkey ) The National Security Service ( , or MAH ) was the governmental intelligence organization of Turkey between 1926 and 1965 , when it was replaced by the National Intelligence Organization ( , MİT ) . It was established at a time when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was purging Union and Progress elements , including the Sentinel Association and the Teşkilât - ı Mahsûsa intelligence organizations . The first director of the MAH was M . Şükrü Âli Ögel . During World War II , Turkey saw increased espionage by British , Soviet and German operatives and sympathizers . The MAH learned that the Germany would not attempt to invade Turkey , allowing the İnönü administration to resist mounting Allied pressure to declare war on Germany . ( British efforts to get Turkey as an ally against Germany are a central element of Eric Ambler ' s classic spy thriller " Journey Into Fear " , published in 1940 , in which a fictional head of the MAH , Colonel Haki , plays an important role . ) The MAH received financial support from the CIA .