naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Gibson Wright John Gibson Wright ( 1837 – November 2 , 1890 ) was an American Union brevet brigadier general during the period of the American Civil War . During the war , he led the 51st New York Volunteer Infantry . He was promoted to the rank of major in March 1863 . In December 1864 , he was made a lieutenant colonel . He served in the Eastern Theater at Sulphur Springs , Bristow Station , Second Bull Run , and Chantilly . At Petersburg , Major Wright was captured along with George Whitman , the brother of Walt Whitman . He received his appointment as brevet brigadier general dated to March 13 , 1865 .
545th Aircraft Control and Warning Group The 545th Aircraft Control and Warning Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was assigned to the 29th Air Division , stationed at Great Falls Air Force Base , Montana . It was inactivated on 6 February 1952 . This command and control organization activated on 1 March 1951 , and was responsible for the organization , manning and equipping of new Aircraft Control and Warning ( Radar ) units . It was dissolved with the units being assigned directly to the 29th AD . Components
51st Infantry Division ( United States ) Original Organization Date : 11 September 1946 with Headquarters at Tampa , Florida . In the post - World War II restructuring of the National Guard a number of new divisions were organized . Among these was the 51st Infantry Division , composed of National Guardsmen from Florida and South Carolina . The 51st Infantry Division never served on active Federal duty and was inactivated in 1963 . Source : Wilson , John B . ( 1997 ) . Maneuver and Firepower : The Evolution of Divisions and Separate Brigades . Washington , DC : Center of Military History .
James Wellwood Lieutenant James Joseph Wellwood was an Australian World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories . After the war , he went on to a long career as an agriculturalist and husbandman at his Australian home . Early life . James Joseph Wellwood was the son of Elizabeth Anne Payne and James Wellwood . He was born in Drouin , Australia on 15 October 1892 , one of five brothers . Wellwood ' s mother died when he was ten . Military career . Wellwood originally served in an Australian militia unit , the Royal Australian Garrison Artillery before he enlisted in the Siege Brigade of the Australian Imperial Force on 1 June 1915 . On his enlistment papers , he stated he was a born British subject working as a " motor mechanic " . He later transferred to the Australian Flying Corps , and trained as a Royal Aircraft Factory SE . 5 pilot . By mid 1918 , he had been assigned to 2 Squadron AFC . He scored his first aerial success on 1 August 1918 , destroying a German two - seated Rumpler reconnaissance plane southeast of Lille . On 12 August , he destroyed a Fokker D . VII over Licourt . Wellwood teamed with squadronmate Adrian Cole to destroy a DFW recon machine over Epinoy on 25 August . In September 1918 , Wellwood struck twice , driving a Fokker D . VII down out of control on the 6th , and setting a Pfalz D . III afire on the 24th . Wellwood ' s final two victories were achieved on 4 November 1918 ; in separate patrols , he destroyed a Fokker D . VII and drove down another out of control . He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his exploits , which was personally presented by General Sir William Birdwood on 20 March 1919 . Post World War I . Wellwood married Myra Cantor on 28 June 1924 at Trinity Church , Hampton , Victoria , Australia . Wellwood was active in horse racing as early as 1929 , and became secretary of the Bunyip Race Club in early 1933 . He was selected as secretary of the Drouin branch of the United Country Party in early 1937 . He was a member of a stock cooperative marketing merino sheep from 1937 to 1941 . On 8 November 1945 , Wellwood posted notice that he would not allow debts to be contracted in his name without his written authority . James Joseph Wellwood died on 25 April 1984 in Armadale , Victoria , Australia . He was cremated at Springvale Crematorium .
USS Grosbeak ( AMS - 14 ) USS " Grosbeak " ( AMS - 14 / YMS - 317 ) was a built for the U . S . Navy during World War II . History . " Grosbeak " was launched as " YMS - 317 " , by the South Coast Co . , Newport Beach , California , on 27 February 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . Marjorie Boutelle ; and commissioned 18 November 1943 , with Lt . John B . Warner in command . After shakedown , " YMS - 317 " swept the San Francisco Bay area until 3 May 1944 , when she sailed for Pearl Harbor . In the Pacific Ocean , she acted as an escort vessel to convoys in back and staging areas , such as Eniwetok , Saipan , and Kwajalein , as well as patrolling and mine - sweeping in these areas . After the war ' s end , " YMS - 317 " returned to Pearl Harbor for a badly needed overhaul . She reached Charleston , South Carolina , via San Pedro , California , and the Panama Canal in June 1946 and again underwent overhaul . The ship was named " Grosbeak " and redesignated " AMS - 14 " on 18 February 1947 . " Grosbeak " spent most of her post - war career at the Mine Warfare School , Yorktown , Virginia , and the Naval Minecraft Base at Charleston as a training ship . She also participated in various experiments at the Naval Mine Countermeasures Station , Panama City , Florida , and engaged in numerous exercises along the coast from New England to the Gulf of Mexico . From 24 February to 19 March 1950 " Grosbeak " was in the Caribbean to participate in Operation PORTREX out of Vieques Island , Puerto Rico , and in February 1951 she became the first of her type to journey from Yorktown to Charleston via the intracoastal waterway . The minesweeper received the coveted Battle Efficiency " E " for outstanding performance in her class in 1950 , 1951 , and 1952 , one of the few ships in the Navy to receive three such awards . When she was not engaged in sweeping exercises , " Grosbeak " underwent periodic overhauls at Charleston and also visited Miami , Florida , and New York City . Scheduled for deactivation , " Grosbeak " sailed to Green Cove Springs , Florida , 16 November 1955 and was decommissioned there on 7 December 1955 . The hulk was approved for disposal on 27 October 1959 and " Grosbeak " ' s name was struck from the Navy List on 1 November 1959 .
Central Labour Camp in Potulice After the end of World War II , the Central Labour Camp in Potulice ( ) became a detention centre for Germans and anti - communist Poles . It was set up by the Soviet and Polish Communist authorities in Potulice in place of the former Nazi German Potulice concentration camp ( known as the " Ostjugendbewahrlager Potulitz " or " Lebrechtsdorf " camp ) , the subcamp of Stutthof built in 1941 . Following liberation by the Red Army , the camp was controlled by the Soviet NKVD Department of Prisoners and Internees until June 1945 . Repopulated , it remained in operation until 1949 under the management of the Stalinist Ministry of Public Security of Poland . Camp operation . A total of 34 , 932 people were imprisoned in the camp between 1945 and 1949 . At first , the inmates were mainly " ethnic Germans " from the " Volksliste " ( DVL ) including some prisoners - of - war , but also women , and 1 , 285 children – most of them orphaned . The prisoners worked in several workshops on premises as well as in nearby farms owned by the camp administration ( with the total area of 1 , 174 . 60 ha ) , between 6 . 30 a . m . and 17 . 30 p . m . , with one hour break . Over time , they included fighters from the Armia Krajowa ( Home Army ) and prisoners of war from the Czech Republic , Hungary and Romania . Reported 2 , 915 inmates died from typhus and dysentery . It was the result of epidemic conditions prevailing in the camp , and the lack of medical care . The dead were buried in the mass graves . Other sources emphasize the total number of prisoners who died there since the inception of the camp in 1941 under the German administration , amounting roughly to 5 , 000 victims including Poles , Belarusians , Jews and Germans . In 1950 / 1951 , during the darkest years of Stalinist terror the camp was transformed into a prison for Polish political prisoners . Following the 1961 renovations and the subsequent replacement of barracks with cement structures , it became a prison mainly for criminal offenders . In 1974 a wall was erected around the perimeter . Today , the Penal Unit in Potulice is a state prison with space for 1 , 446 inmates ( underaged , and first - time offenders , as well as criminally insane ) featuring a medical clinic . Remembrance . During the communist rule in the People ' s Republic of Poland , the memory of post - war events and the human rights abuses in the camp , was censored . Only after the Revolutions of 1989 could this issue be brought into the public debate . Nowadays , close to the memorial to the Nazi camp of Potulice , another memorial was built in 2000 to the post - war labour camp for Germans in Stalinist Poland . The remembrance to both camps brings both German and Polish historical perceptions closer .
51st Iowa Volunteers 51st Iowa Volunteers was raised in Iowa in 1898 for service in the Philippines Theater of the Spanish - American War . The volunteers trained in Iowa and San Francisco at Camp Merritt near the Presidio , where a monument to the regiment still stands . While in California nearly 27 men died from disease , which made disease the leading cause of death amongst the men . From California they embarked on the SS " Pennsylvania " for Manila . After a lengthy and illness plagued voyage , the regiment arrived and were made to wait onboard ship near Cavite . Of the 1 , 344 who served , two died in combat , 41 died of disease and 38 were wounded . The regiment left for the United States on September 22 , 1899 , arrived 30 days later , and on November 2 , was released after 18 months of duty .
Battle of Aksu The Battle of Aksu ( May 31 , 1933 ) was a minor battle in which Chinese Muslim troops were driven from the Aksu oases of Xinjiang by rebelling Uighurs . Isma ' il Beg , a Uighur , became the rebel Tao - yin of Aksu .
French commemorative medal The French commemorative medal ( ) is a French decoration intended to recognize civilians and soldiers who took part in specific missions ordered by the French government carried out outside of French national territory after March 1 , 1991 . It was established by decree 95 - 1098 on 9 October 1995 on the initiative of the then Defence Minister , François Léotard . Award statute . The French commemorative medal is awarded to civilian and military personnel who participated in a dedicated mission ordered by the government and carried out outside of French national territory after 1 March 1991 . The Minister of Defence decides by individual decree each theatre of operations in which the medal may be earned , the start and end dates for award eligibility , and the minimal time in theatre required to earn the award . The minimum time required in theatre may be waived for personnel that are killed , wounded , cited with the War Cross for foreign operational theaters or Cross for Military Valour , or repatriated early for medical reasons . Civilian personnel eligible are those placed at the disposal of the military authority or actively taking part in the mission in view of their function or specific job . In this case , the minister responsible for them proposes bestowal of the award to the Defence Minister for final approval . The medal may be awarded to foreign military and civilians having served under French command , subject to approval by their own governments . Any mission eligible for award of the Overseas Medal cannot be eligible for this award . The medal is always worn with at least one clasp . Each operational mission clasp can only be earned once . Award description . The French commemorative medal is a 30mm in diameter circular gilded medal struck from bronze . The obverse bears the effigy of the republic three quarters facing and wearing a Phrygian cap surrounded by the relief inscription along the medal circumference " RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE " ( ) . The reverse is arranged akin a stylized globe , at the center , the relief image of a vertical sword pointing up within an olive wreath , the inscription " MÉDAILLE COMMÉMORATIVE FRANÇAISE " ( ) superimposed over it in relief . The medal hangs from a ribbon through a ring passing through the medal ' s ball shaped suspension loop . The 38mm wide silk moiré ribbon is divided into four red and three blue alternating 5mm wide stripes and is edged with 1 , 5mm green stripes . To date , nine operational mission clasps have been approved for wear on the ribbon :
Familygram A familygram is a personal message sent to a sailor of the United States Navy on a submarine by their families . Because submarines normally maintain radio silence to avoid detection , personal messages from the ' outside world ' are severely restricted . Familygrams were originally limited to 15 words , though later as many as 50 words or more were permitted . There are many examples of such familygrams on the Internet , dating from the Vietnam War and earlier . The term is also used colloquially by families wishing to communicate news to friends and extended family via printed or email newsletters .
Eric Girdwood Major General Sir Eric Stanley Girdwood KBE CB CMG ( 1876 – 1963 ) was General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland District . Military career . Educated at the Belfast Royal Academy Girdwood was commissioned into the Cameronians ( Scottish Rifles ) in 1899 . He served in the Second Boer War . He also served in World War I having been appointed a Brigade Major with 156th Infantry Brigade ( The Scottish Rifle Brigade ) in 1911 . He fought at with his Regiment at Gallipoli becoming Commander of 156th Infantry Brigade in Egypt and Palestine in 1916 . He was made General Officer Commanding 74th ( Yeomanry ) Division in Palestine and France later that year . After the War he was appointed Commander 9th Infantry Brigade and then GOC 3rd Division in 1919 . He was made Commander of Military Forces in Iraq in 1924 and GOC Bombay District of India in 1926 . He was appointed Commandant of the Royal Military College Sandhurst in 1927 and GOC Northern Ireland District in 1931 ; he retired in 1935 .
47th Volksgrenadier Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 47th Volksgrenadier Division was a volksgrenadier division of the Heer ( German Army ) during the Second World War , active from 1944 to 1945 . Operational history . The division was formed in Denmark in September 1944 , by redesignating the 577 . Volksgrenadier - Division , under the command of " Lieutenant General " Max Bork . In mid - November , the division was ordered just east of the village of Gressnich , now part of Stolberg in North Rhine - Westphalia . Field Marshal , believing the division to be inexperienced , moved them out of the way of the American Ninth Army . It remained in action on the Western Front , until it was destroyed in March 1945 .
Battle of Chioggia The naval Battle of Chioggia took place on June 21 , 1380 in the lagoon off Chioggia , Italy , between the Venetian and the Genoese fleets , who had captured the little fishing port in August the preceding year . This occurred during the War of Chioggia . The port was of no consequence , but its location at an inlet to the Venetian Lagoon threatened Venice at her very doorstep . The Venetians , under Vettor Pisani , were victorious ; by some accounts , it was the fortunate arrival of Carlo Zeno at the head of a force from the east which ensured the Venetian victory . The Venetians both captured the town and turned the tide in the war in their favor . A peace treaty signed in 1381 in Turin gave no formal advantage to Genoa or Venice . But it spelled the end of their long competition : Genoese shipping was not seen in the Adriatic after Chioggia . Fernand Braudel sets the end of sporadic warfare between the two early centers of capitalist empire as a result of the economic retrenchment of the 14th century : " Perhaps the answer is that only prolonged prosperity and a rising tide of trade had made it possible to indulge for so long in battles which were fierce but not in the end mortal . . . Both major and minor wars had become too expensive a luxury . Peaceful coexistence would have to be the rule . " ( " The Perspective of the World " 1984 p . 118 ) .
USS Argonne ( 1918 ) USS " Argonne " was a transport ship in the United States Navy during World War I . " Argonne " was leased by the U . S . Navy from its owner and commissioned in Norfolk , Virginia . The steel - hulled single - screw freighter Argonne - built in 1916 at Kobe , Japan , by the Kawasaki Dockyards - was operated prior to World War I by the Argonne Steamship Co . , of New York . While undergoing voyage repairs by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co . , in January 1918 , " Argonne " received an armed guard . Conversion to U . S . Navy needs . She continued to carry cargo for Allied forces in Europe until 19 October 1918 when she was taken over at Norfolk , Virginia , by the U . S . Navy on a bare - ship basis for the U . S . Army account of the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) . She was then manned by the Navy and commissioned on the same day , Lt . Comdr . M . S . Richardson , USNRF , in command . World War I Support . On 18 November , a week after the armistice stilled the guns on the Western Front , " Argonne " sailed for France carrying commissary stores , mules , and horses , to Bordeaux , and returned to Norfolk from her only NOTS voyage on 17 December 1918 . Decommissioning . On 30 January 1919 , " Argonne " was decommissioned and turned over to the United States Shipping Board , which subsequently returned her to her original owner . Her name was simultaneously stricken from the Navy List .
Williamson Airfield Williamson Airfield is located near Rockhampton , Queensland , Australia within the Shoalwater Bay Military Training Area . Williamson Airfield was the setting for the Royal Australian Air Force ' s recruiting video " Impossible Airfield " , filmed during Exercise Talisman Sabre 2011 . No381 Expeditionary Combat Support Squadron and associated units set up a fully functional airbase support unit in just 36 hours . Despite the impression given in the video , the unit did not create the airfield from scratch , the runway and ramp were already present .
Folland Fo . 108 The Folland Fo . 108 also known as the Folland 43 / 37 and by the nickname Folland Frightful was a large monoplane engine testbed aircraft of the 1940s . Design and development . The Fo . 108 was Folland ' s response to Air Ministry Specification 43 / 37 for an engine testbed . It was Folland ' s first design to be accepted by the Air Ministry for production . The Fo . 108 was a large low - wing cantilever monoplane with a conventional cantilever tailplane and had a fixed tailwheel landing gear . It had a glazed cockpit for the pilot and a cabin for two observers behind and below the pilot fitted out so they could make detailed measurements of the engine performance during flight . To enable the aircraft to be delivered from the Hamble factory and later ferried to new assignments , they were normally fitted with a Bristol Hercules radial engine . In service , the Fo . 108 was fitted with a number of other engines including the inline Napier Sabre , Bristol Centaurus radial and Rolls - Royce Griffon V - engine . The type was operated by the Bristol Aeroplane Company , Napier and Rolls - Royce , the last examples being withdrawn from service in 1945 .
French ship Brave ( 1781 ) The Brave was a 74 - gun " Argonaute " class ship of the line of the French Navy . Commissioned in 1781 , she was put in the reserve in 1788 , but reactivated in March 1791 . Two years later , she was decommissioned again , and razeed to a 52 - gun frigate . She took part in the Biscay campaign of June 1795 under Captain Antoine René Thévenard . She later served under Captain Rolland , and was used as a hulk in Toulon from 1798 .
Marine Corps Security Guard Ribbon The Marine Corps Security Guard Ribbon is a Marine Corps military award that was established by order of Secretary of the Navy John Howard Dalton on July 15 , 1997 . The award recognizes those Marine Corps personnel who have served as U . S . Embassy Security Guards and is retroactive to January 28 , 1949 . To be awarded the Marine Corps Security Guard Ribbon , a service member must hold the Marine Corps military occupational specialty ( MOS ) 8156 ( previously 8151 ) Marine Corps Security Guard and must have served thirty - six months of service at an American embassy or consulate . The award is only awarded to Marine Security Guards for their service at American Embassies or Consulates in a foreign country . Additional awards of the Marine Corps Security Guard Ribbon are denoted by service stars except for those awards which are retroactively presented , in which case the Marine Corps Security Guard Ribbon is a one time only decoration .
Gaius Lutatius Catulus Gaius Lutatius Catulus ( Latin : ) was a Roman statesman and naval commander in the First Punic War . He was elected as a consul in 242 BC , a " novus homo " . During his consulship he supervised the construction of a new Roman fleet . This fleet was funded by donations from wealthy citizens , since the public treasury was virtually empty . He then led the fleet into victory over Hanno the Great ' s Carthaginian fleet in the Battle of the Aegates Islands . This was the decisive battle of the First Punic War . To celebrate his victory , he built a temple to Juturna in Campus Martius , in the area currently known as Largo di Torre Argentina . His brother , Quintus Lutatius Cerco , was a consul in the following year and a censor in 236 BC . Gaius Lutatius Catulus is also the main character of Finnish writer Jukka M . Heikkilä ' s book " Merikonsuli . "
Frederick Kroesen Frederick James Kroesen , Jr . ( born February 11 , 1923 ) is a United States Army four - star general and was the Commanding General of the Seventh United States Army and the commander of NATO Central Army Group from 1979 to 1983 , and Commanding General , United States Army Forces Command from 1976 to 1978 . He also served as Vice Chief of Staff of the Army from 1978 to 1979 . Born in Phillipsburg , New Jersey , Kroesen is a graduate of Rutgers University . He earned an Master of Arts in International Affairs at George Washington University . He commanded troops in World War II , the Korean War , and the Vietnam War . He was awarded the Department of Defense Distinguished Service Medal . After leaving the army , Kroesen became a businessman . He is currently chairman of the board of Military Professional Resources Inc . and a senior fellow at the Institute of Land Warfare of the Association of the United States Army . He is additionally the Vice - President of the American Security Council Foundation . World War II . General Kroesen fought in World War II with the 254th Infantry Regiment of the 63rd Infantry Division . He was a company grade officer , serving as platoon leader and company commander , in the fighting in the Colmar Pocket and into Germany . He participated in the particularly tough fighting in Jebsheim . Baader - Meinhof Gang Attack . General Kroesen was injured in Heidelberg on September 15 , 1981 , when his armour ed Mercedes was targeted with a RPG - 7 anti - tank rocket . Responsibility for the attack was claimed by the " Kommando Gudrun Ensslin " of the Red Army Faction ( aka Baader - Meinhof Gang ) .