naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William T . Swinburne William T . Swinburne ( August 24 , 1847 – March 3 , 1928 ) was a rear admiral of the United States Navy and one - time Commander - in - Chief of the United States Pacific Fleet . Biography . He was born in Newport , Rhode Island , and entered the Navy on September 29 , 1862 as a cadet midshipman at the United States Naval Academy . He graduated from the Academy in 1866 as a Passed Midshipman . He was promoted to ensign in April 1868 , master on March 26 , 1869 , lieutenant on March 21 , 1880 and lieutenant commander in March 1887 . He was Commander - in - Chief of the Pacific Squadron from 1906 to the formation of the Pacific Fleet in 1907 . He remained as Commander - in - Chief of the Pacific Fleet until his retirement on August 24 , 1909 . He died in Coronado , California and was buried at sea in accordance with his will . He was a member of the California Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and was assigned insignia number 15949 . He was also a member of the Military Order of Foreign Wars and was assigned insignia number 411 .
HMAS Lithgow ( J206 ) HMAS " Lithgow " ( J206 / M206 ) , named for the city of Lithgow , New South Wales , Australia was one of 60 " Bathurst " class corvettes constructed during World War II , and one of 36 initially manned and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . Construction . " Lithgow " was laid down by Morts Dock & Engineering Co at Mort ' s Dock in Balmain , New South Wales on 19 August 1940 . She was launched on 21 December 1940 , and commissioned into the RAN on 14 June 1941 . Operational history . " Lithgow " , in company with , , and , sank the enemy Japanese submarine " I - 124 " off Darwin , the first enemy submarine sunk in Australian waters , on 20 January 1942 . In May 1943 , " Lithgow " was one of several ships to search for survivors following the torpedoing of AHS " Centaur " , with no success . The corvette received three battle honour s for her wartime service : " Darwin 1942 " , " Pacific 1941 - 45 " , and " New Guinea 1942 - 44 " . Fate . HMAS " Lithgow " paid off to reserve on 8 June 1948 and was sold for scrap to the Hong Kong Delta Shipping Company on 8 August 1956 .
Allied order of battle for Operation Tungsten This article provides an order of battle for the Allied forces involved in the Operation Tungsten attack on the German battleship " Tirpitz " on 3 April 1944 . Home Fleet forces dispatched . The Home Fleet had responsibility for conducting the attack . The ships involved sailed from the Home Fleet ' s base at Scapa Flow in two groups on 30 March 1944 . Force One Force Two Composition of strike forces . On 1 April Admiral Fraser decided to conduct the strike on 3 April rather than 4 April as originally planned . This lead to the following organisational changes : The attack on " Tirpitz " and the anti - aircraft batteries and ships located near her mooring at Kaafjord on 3 April involved two strike forces : < ref name = " Brown _ 1977 _ 34 – 35 " < / ref > Brown ( 1977 ) , pp . 34 – 35 < / ref > 1st strike 2nd strike
War of the Whiskers The " War of the Whiskers " ( c . 1152 – 1453 ) is a jocular term for the long conflict between medieval France and England , referring to the refusal of Louis VII of France to shave his newly acquired taste for a beard ( i . e . " whiskers " ) he had grown while fighting during the Crusades . Eleanor of Aquitaine , his wife at the time , demanded that he shave the beard and when he refused she annulled their marriage and married instead Henry II of England . This quarrel holistically led to a war between the two nations over English territory in France . The final disputes had not been resolved until the end of the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 – 1453 ) , thus giving this pseudo war a time span of 301 years . The English poet and historian , Charles Mackay , tells the story in his " Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds " : Towards the end of the eleventh century , it was decreed by the Pope , and zealously supported by the ecclesiastical authorities all over Europe , that such persons as wore long hair should be excommunicated while living , and not be prayed for when dead . . . . In France , the thunders of the Vatican with regard to long curly hair were hardly more respected than in England . Louis VII , however , was more obedient than his brother - king , and cropped himself as closely as a monk , to the great sorrow of all the gallants of his court . His Queen , the gay , haughty , and pleasure - seeking Eleanor of Guienne , never admired him in this trim , and continually reproached him with imitating , not only the headdress , but the asceticism of the monks . From this cause , a coldness arose between them . The lady proving at last unfaithful to her shaven and indifferent lord , they were divorced , and the Kings of France lost the rich provinces of Guienne and Poitou , which were her dowry . She soon after bestowed her hand and her possessions upon Henry Duke of Normandy , afterwards Henry II of England , and thus gave the English sovereigns that strong footing in France which was for so many centuries the cause of such long and bloody wars between the nations .
Casemate de Rountzenheim Nord The Casemate de Rountzenheim Nord is a casemate of interval infantry of the Maginot Line . The casemate is in the town of Rœschwoog in France , behind the camping site , in the north of the railway . Description . The casemate is a simple flanking one , that means it has just only one shooting room which is directed towards North . It has a gallery of underground connection to its neighbor , the Casemate de Rountzenheim Sud . It was built in 1932 to accommodate 15 troops , a warrant officer and an officer . Its dimensions on the overall ground are : 19 X 14 meters , for 7 , 5 meters height . The concrete flagstone measures 2 meters thickness and the external walls 2 , 25 meters for the exposed walls and 1 meter for the back walls . The interior is organized on only one level , consisting of the following : Armament . For its brought closer defense , the casemate has two light machine guns of 7 , 5 mm and a cloche GFM , One machine gun located in protection of the entrance door , the other on the crenels of the shooting room and the diamant ditch . In the shooting room , are two twinnings of machine - guns of 7 , 5 mm , one of them can be replaced in the event of need by an anti - tank gun of 37 mm . A mortar of 50 mm can be adapted on the cloche GFM . External links . The casemate on the A . A . L . M . A . website
HMS Eclipse ( 1894 ) HMS " Eclipse " was an protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the mid - 1890s . Service . HMS " Eclipse " was launched in 1894 and completed in 1897 . In 1899 she served in the Indian Ocean under the command of Captain P . W . Bush , as flagship of the East Indies Squadron . She was commissioned at Chatham dockyard in late May 1901 , with a crew of 450 officers and men under the command of Captain Stokes , to relieve HMS Hermione on the China Station .
EML Admiral Pitka ( A230 ) EML " Admiral Pitka " ( A230 ) is a Beskytteren - class ocean patrol vessel of the Estonian Navy and belongs into the Estonian Navy Mineships Division . The commanding officer of the vessel is Senior Lieutenant Peep Laanisto . She is named for Estonian Admiral Johan Pitka . History . As HDMS " Beskytteren " ( F340 ) the ship was built at the Aalborg Shipyard , in Aalborg , Denmark . She was launched on 29 May 1975 and entered service a year later on 27 February 1976 . The Danish Navy decommissioned " Beskytteren " in 2000 and donated the vessel to the Estonian Navy . Mission . The command and support frigate " Admiral Pitka " is the flagship vessel of the Estonian Navy and the Mineships Division and also the first modernized frigate in the navy . The ship is a platform for the staff that conducts mine countermeasure ( MCM ) operations and exercises . The ship ' s responsibilities also include supporting other participating units with fuel , water , food etc . She is equipped with office and living quarters for staff members , as well as special facilities to provide medical support . The ship was built in Denmark for North Atlantic and Greenland waters ; therefore she has strengthened structure for ice operations . Traditions . The colors of the vessel ' s coat of arms represents the knights honor on the battle field and also the connections and joint history between Estonia and Denmark . The shape of the cross points to the Estonian Liberty Cross and points out Admiral Johan Pitka ' s important role during the Estonian War of Independence . The ships motto is in Latin " „ Pro Patria ” " which means in English " For fatherland " . The coat of arms was designed by Priit Herodes and Captain - Lieutenant Jaan Kapp , and were donated to the navy by AS Falck Baltic , being presented during a ceremony on 21 November 2000 . In 2001 a cooperation contract was signed between the Rakvere city council and the frigate " Pitka " which gave the vessel the right to wear the Rakvere town coat of arms and to introduce the city in all foreign harbors across the world .
Women ' s Royal Naval Service The Women ' s Royal Naval Service ( WRNS ; popularly and officially known as the Wrens ) was the women ' s branch of the Royal Navy . First formed in 1917 for the First World War , it was disbanded in 1919 , then revived in 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War , remaining active until integrated into the Royal Navy in 1993 . Wrens included cooks , clerks , wireless telegraphist s , radar plotters , weapons analysts , range assessors , electricians and air mechanics . History . WRNS was formed in 1917 during the First World War . On 10 October 1918 , nineteen - year - old Josephine Carr from Cork , became the first Wren to die on active service , when her ship , the RMS " Leinster " was torpedo ed . By the end of the war WRNS had 5 , 500 members , 500 of them officers . In addition , about 2000 members of the WRAF had previously served with the WRNS supporting the Royal Naval Air Service and were transferred on the creation of the Royal Air Force . It was disbanded in 1919 . WRNS was revived in 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War , with an expanded list of allowable activities , including flying transport planes . At its peak in 1944 it had 75 , 000 people . During the war there were 100 deaths . One of the slogans used in recruiting posters was " Join the Wrens — free a man for the fleet . " It remained in existence after the war and was finally integrated into the regular Royal Navy in 1993 . Women sailors are however still known as wren s or Jennies ( Jenny Wrens ) in naval slang . Before 1993 , all women in the Royal Navy were members of the WRNS except nurses , who joined ( and still join ) Queen Alexandra ' s Royal Naval Nursing Service , and medical and dental officers , who were commissioned directly into the Royal Navy , held RN ranks , and wore WRNS uniform with gold RN insignia . Ranks and uniform . The WRNS had its own ranking system , which it retained until amalgamation into the Royal Navy in 1993 . Ratings ' titles were suffixed with their trade ( e . g . Leading Wren Cook , Chief Wren Telegraphist ) . Wrens wore the same rank insignia as their male equivalents , but in blue instead of gold . The " curls " atop officers ' rank stripes were diamond - shaped instead of circular . From 1939 , Wren uniform consisted of a double - breasted jacket and skirt , with shirt and tie , for all ranks ( although similar working dress to the men could also be worn ) . Junior Ratings wore hats similar to those of their male counterparts ( although with a more sloping top ) . Senior Ratings ( Petty Officers and above ) and officers wore tricorne hats with a white cover . All insignia , including cap badge s and non - substantive ( trade ) badges , were blue .
Battle of Urumqi ( 1933 ) The First Battle of Urumqi was a conflict in the spring of 1933 between the armies of the Xinjiang provincial government and the Chinese Muslim 36th Division ( National Revolutionary Army ) of the national government of China . The Chinese government secretly urged Gen . Ma Zhongying to attack Jin Shuren while at the same time assuring Jin that he was recognized as the legitimate Governor . Fierce fighting broke out at the gates of the city , and one of the Chinese commanders torched a street where the Muslims troops had managed to break through at the West Gate , killing everyone in the vicinity , including refugees . The Muslims were then forced to retreat into the range of machine gun fire , which killed many of them . A White Russian force of 1 , 800 troops under Col . Pappengut subsequently fought off the Muslim soldiers . Wu Aichen was told at least 2 , 000 had died by that point . The Muslims attempted to scale the walls at the Great West Bridge , and several were killed . The city was relieved when the provincial forces of Gov . Sheng Shicai approached and the Muslim troops fled . Approximately 6 , 000 Chinese and Muslim soldiers died in the fighting .
The Battle of the Kegs The Battle of the Kegs is a propaganda ballad written by Francis Hopkinson describing an attempted attack upon the British Fleet in the harbor of Philadelphia on January 6 , 1778 during the American Revolutionary War . The keg s themselves were made by Colonel Joseph Borden ' s cooperage to the specifications of Caleb Carman and designed by David Bushnell , an inventor and graduate of Yale College . They were filled with gunpowder and released to float down the Delaware River . It was hoped that they would contact British warships along the riverfront and explode as river mine s . As the floating mines moved downriver , however , few of them contacted the ships of the British navy . The British had hauled their ships into positions that protected them from floating river ice , and as a result of this precaution the ships also avoided the exploding kegs . The operation did not achieve strategic results , and the British fleet was little damaged . One of the kegs sank a small British barge , killing four sailors and wounding an unknown number . The sudden explosion alerted the British to the point that soldiers flocked the wharves and were ordered to shoot at any piece of wood in the water . The ensuing emotional scene on the Philadelphia riverfront forms the basis of the ballad , which sarcastically praises the " courage " of the British occupation force . The ballad was meant to signal the indefatigable nature of the American rebel army , which had been driven out of Philadelphia and at the time of this operation was encamped under miserable conditions at Valley Forge . By creating a defiant song , the Americans hoped to signal that they did not propose to give up .
Battle of Embudo Pass The Battle of Embudo Pass was part of the Taos Revolt , a popular insurrection against the American army ' s occupation of northern New Mexico . It took place on January 29 , 1847 , during the Mexican - American War , in what now is New Mexico . Battle . Following the Battle of Cañada , the local Pueblo Indians and New Mexicans retreated to Embudo , near present - day Dixon , New Mexico , where they made another stand in the narrow canyon south of the town . Finding the road by Embudo impractical for artillery or wagons , Colonel Sterling Price detached three companies under Captain John H . K . Burgwin , Captain Ceran St . Vrain and Lieutenant B . F . White to engage the insurgents and their native warrior allies . The result was a total rout and slaughter of the locals . The battle resulted in one American killed and one wounded . Among the defenders , about 20 killed , 60 wounded . Local tradition states that a series of crosses were chipped into several large rocks marking the spots where defenders were killed . These can still be seen today . Sterling Price ' s official report of the battle describes it as follows : " " The rapid slopes of the mountains rendered the enemy ’ s position very strong , and its strength was increased by the dense masses of cedar and large fragments of rock which everywhere offered shelter . The action was commenced by Capt . St . Vrain , who , dismounting his men , ascended the mountain on the left doing much execution . Flanking parties were thrown out on either side , commanded respectively by Lieut . White , 2d regiment Missouri mounted volunteers , and by Lieutenants Mellvaine and Taylor , 1st dragoons . These parties ascended the hill rapidly , and the enemy soon began to retire in the direction of Embudo , bounding along the steep and rugged sides of the mountains with a speed that defied pursuit . The firing at the pass of Embudo had been heard at La Joya , " [ now called " Velarde " ] " and Captain Slack , with twenty - five mounted men had been immediately dispatched thither . He now arrived , and rendered excellent service by relieving Lieutenant White whose men were much fatigued . Lieutenants Mellvaine and Taylor were also recalled ; and Lieutenant Ingalls was directed to lead a flanking party on the right slope , while Captain Slack performed the same duty on the left . The enemy having by this time retreated beyond our reach , Captain Burgwin marched through the defile and debouch ed into the open valley in which Embudo is situated , recalled the flanking parties , and entered that town without opposition , several persons meeting him with a white flag . " " Price ' s forces then marched on to Taos where they engaged in the Siege of Pueblo de Taos .
Jagdfliegerführer Deutsche Bucht Jagdfliegerführer Deutsche Bucht ( Fighter Leader German Bight ) was one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in World War II . It was formed in December 1939 at Jever for the defense of the German Bight . On 1 December 1943 the unit redesignated Jagdfliegerführer 2 and subordinated to the 2 . Jagddivision . The headquarter was located at Jever and from 1943 in Stade .
Thomas Gorges ( Maine ) Thomas Gorges ( 1618 – 17 October 1670 ) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1654 and 1660 . He was a colonial governor of the Province of Maine from 1640 to 1643 and served as an officer in the Parliamentary Army during the English Civil War . Early life . Gorges was born in 1618 to Henry Gorges of Batcombe , Somerset and his wife Barbara Baynard , daughter of Thomas Baynard of Colerne , Wiltshire . He was a student of Lincoln ' s Inn in 1638 . Deputy governor of Maine . In 1640 Gorges was selected by his distant cousin , Sir Ferdinando Gorges , to be deputy governor of the Province of Maine in New England . The province was at the time a small number of sparsely populated communities in present - day southern Maine . Thomas was a Puritan , and established friendly relations with the nearby Massachusetts Bay Colony , whose governor John Winthrop described him as " sober and well - disposed " . Gorges was responsible for establishing a stable government in Maine , something his relative William had been unable to do a few years earlier . Gorges ' success at governance was somewhat short - lived . He departed the province in 1643 to fight in the English Civil War , and the province was eventually absorbed into Massachusetts , which also made territorial claims to the area . Legal and parliamentary career . Upon his return to England , Gorges supported the Parliamentary cause . He resumed his law study and was called to the bar in 1649 . He succeeded his father in 1649 and became a justice of the peace in the same year . In 1650 , he was a lieutenant colonel the Somerset cavalry . He was elected Member of Parliament for Taunton in 1654 for the First Protectorate Parliament . He was responsible for raising funds and materials in Somerset to support Cromwell ' s war with Spain . By 1655 he was recorder of Taunton . In 1656 he was re - elected MP for Taunton in the Second Protectorate Parliament and was returned again in 1659 for the Third Protectorate Parliament . He was elected MP for Taunton again in 1660 for the Convention Parliament . He was deprived of his recordership in 1662 when the commissioners dissolved Taunton corporation . Gorges died at home in Heavitree , Exeter at the age of about 52 , complaining few and " evil have been my days " . He was buried in the local church . Family . Gorges was twice married . He married firstly Mary Sanford , daughter of Martin Sanford of Nynehead Court , Somerset and had three sons and a daughter . He married secondly on 23 March 1658 , Rose Mallock widow of Roger Mallock of Cockington , Devond and daughter of Sir Jerome Alexander , Justice of Common Pleas of Dublin and had a son and daughter . She died on 14 April 1671 .
Lithuanian Armed Forces The Lithuanian Armed Forces is the military of Lithuania . It consists of five branches , and its commander - in - chief is the Lithuanian President Dalia Grybauskaitė . There are 15 , 000 active personnel ( 2 , 400 of them - civilian ) and there is 100 , 000 in reserve forces . Conscription ended in Lithuania in September 2008 . Lithuania ' s defence system is based on the concept of " total and unconditional defence " mandated by Lithuania ' s national Security Strategy . The goal of Lithuania ' s defence policy is to prepare their society for general defence and to integrate Lithuania into Western security and defence structures . The defence ministry is responsible for combat forces , search and rescue , and intelligence operations .
Richard Wainwright ( Spanish – American War naval officer ) Rear Admiral Richard Wainwright ( 17 December 1849 – 6 March 1926 ) , son of Commander Richard Wainwright , was an officer in the United States Navy during the Spanish - American War . Biography . Early life and ancestors . Born in Washington , D . C . , the son of Sarah Franklin Bache and Richard Wainwright . He was the grandson of Richard Bache , Jr . , who served in the Republic of Texas Navy and was elected as a Representative to the Second Texas Legislature in 1847 and Sophia Burrell Dallas , the daughter of Arabella Maria Smith and Alexander J . Dallas an American statesman who served as the U . S . Treasury Secretary under President James Madison . He was also great - grandson of Sarah Franklin Bache and Richard Bache , and more notably he was the great - great - grandson of Benjamin Franklin as well as a nephew of George Mifflin Dallas the 11th Vice President of the United States , serving under James K . Polk . Marriage and family . He married on September 11 , 1873 at Washington , D . C . , Evelyn Wotherspoon , born June 13 , 1853 at Washington , D . C . , and died on November 24 , 1937 at Washington , D . C . Their son , Richard Wainwright , Jr . , Commander , United States Navy , earned the Medal of Honor for his service at Vera Cruz , Mexico , and is also buried in the cemetery at the United States Naval Academy . His brother - in - law was Admiral Seaton Schroeder . Career . Wainwright graduated from the US Naval Academy in 1868 . He was Chief of the Office of Naval Intelligence from 1896 until 1897 . Wainwright was executive officer on board the battleship when she blew up in the harbor of Havana , Cuba , on 15 February 1898 . Surviving the explosion , he was assigned to command of the tender and was in charge of the recovery of the bodies of the victims . He also assisted in the collection of information for the subsequent court of inquiry . Wainwright later commanded the gunboat at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba on 3 July 1898 . In this engagement , " Gloucester " sank one Spanish torpedo boat and drove another on the beach . Wainwright was commended for his valor in this action . In 1904 he commanded American forces during the Santo Domingo Affair in which his ships shelled rebel troops and supported and amphibious assault . Later , promoted to rear admiral , he commanded the Second Division of the United States Atlantic Fleet during that fleet ' s historic voyage around the world from 1907 - 1909 . Retired from active duty on December 7 , 1911 . Admiral Wainwright died on March 6 , 1926 in Washington , D . C . Namesakes . Three ships have been named for Richard , his father , his son and two cousins .