naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Cassius Fairchild Cassius Fairchild ( December 16 , 1829 – October 24 , 1868 ) was a Wisconsin businessman , politician , and military officer . Born in Franklin Mills , Ohio ( now Kent , Ohio ) , Fairchild was educated mostly in Ohio . His father was Jairus C . Fairchild , who was the first Treasurer of Wisconsin and the first Mayor of Madison , Wisconsin . His brother was Lucius Fairchild , Governor of Wisconsin . He moved to Wisconsin and eventually managed his family ' s cranberry , lumber business interests , and rental properties . Fairchild was elected to the Madison , Wisconsin Common Council where he served as president . He also served in the Wisconsin State Assembly . At the time of the American Civil War , Fairchild enlisted in the Union Army becoming a colonel in the 16th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment . Fairchild was badly wounded in the Battle of Shiloh , and eventually died of his wounds .
20th Infantry Division ( Wehrmacht ) The German 20th Infantry Division was an infantry division of Nazi Germany . It was established in 1934 under the cover name " Reichswehrdienststelle Hamburg " , and did not assume its bona - fide designation until the creation of the Wehrmacht was announced in October 1935 . In the autumn of 1937 it was upgraded to a fully motorized division . As the 20th Motorized Infantry Division the unit took part in the invasion of Poland as part of Heinz Guderian ' s XIX Corps . During that campaign the motorized divisions were found to be somewhat unwieldy , so afterward the 20th and other motorized divisions were reorganized to reduce their size by about a third , leaving them with six motorized infantry battalions organized into two regiments , plus ordinary divisional support units . In May 1940 the division took part in the invasion of France , and remained there on occupation duty until April 1941 , except for one brief period on reserve in Germany . In June 1941 it joined Operation Barbarossa under Army Group Centre . In September it was transferred to Army Group North , and it spent most of 1942 on the Volkhov Front . In December it was transferred back to Army Group South for the relief attempt at the Battle of Velikiye Luki . In July 1943 it was redesignated as 20th Panzergrenadier Division ; by that time it had been given an assault gun battalion to support its infantry . It remained on the Eastern Front for the remainder of the war , switched frequently between army groups in the role of a mechanised " fire brigade " , and ended the war fighting along the Oder River in Silesia .
Gaines Lawson Gaines Lawson ( September 4 , 1840 – September 12 , 1906 ) was a soldier in the Union Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the American Civil War . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : First Sergeant , Company D , 4th East Tennessee Infantry . Place and date : At Minville , Tenn . , October 3 , 1863 . Entered service at : Tennessee . Born : 1841 , Hawkins County , Tenn . Date of issue : June 11 , 1895 . Citation : Went to the aid of a wounded comrade between the lines and carried him to a place of safety .
Polish Air Force checkerboard The Air Force checkerboard ( ) is a national marking for the aircraft of the Polish Air Force , equivalent to roundel s used in other nations ' air forces . It consists of four equal squares , of which the upper left and lower right are white , and the other two – red . These are surrounded by a border of inverted ( counterchanged ) colors 1 / 5 the thickness of a single square . Until 1993 the colors were reversed ( i . e . red in the upper left ) . Initially Polish military aircraft used varied signs in national colors ( red and white ) , most frequently shields party per bend , pale , or red letter " Z " in a white square . The four - field , red - white checkerboard , was first used as a personal insignia of the Polish fighter pilot Stefan Stec . It was adapted as the Polish national roundel on 1 December 1918 . In 1921 contrasting red and white border was added , but without specified dimension . In 1930 the ratio of border to fields was fixed at 1 : 5 . According to current regulations , an additional gray border can be added , 1 : 6 the size of the field , if the insignia is on white or red background . Between 1960s and 1980s the checkerboard ( usually rotated 45 degrees ) was also painted on turrets and hulls of Polish Army ' s tanks and APCs . The tradition was however discontinued . In 1993 the color order was changed from red - dominant ( red in the upper left ) to white - dominant , to conform to heraldic rules , though ignoring the 70 - year old tradition . The first white - dominant checkerboard was used in 1940 in France . Heraldic rules . In heraldry , the color of the charge ( in this case the white of the Polish eagle ) takes precedence over the shield ( red in the case of the Polish coat of arms ) . Because of this , white should be given the most " dominant " or dignified position in a heraldic design representing Poland . In the case of a checkerboard , this would be the upper left corner ( Polish flag hung vertically should have white on the left for exactly the same reason ) . Note that this rule applies to the main color squares , not to the thin border , which is considered decoration .
Niger Delta Vigilante The Niger Delta Vigilante ( NDV ) is an armed militia group in Niger Delta region of Nigeria . The NDV is led by Ateke Tom . The group is composed primarily by ethnic Ijaw s from in and around Port Harcourt and their main goal is controlling the area ' s vast oil resources . In late 2003 the NDV precipitated a conflict with their rival Ijaw ethnic militia , the Niger Delta People ' s Volunteer Force ( NDPVF ) . The two groups spent most of 2004 in an escalating conflict which was ended when the Nigerian government and military eventually intervened on the side of the NDV in summer of 2004 . The government ' s support of the NDV would eventually precipitate the Nigerian oil crisis , beginning in October 2004 .
817th Air Division The 817th Air Division ( 817th AD ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with Strategic Air Command , assigned to Second Air Force , being stationed at Pease Air Force Base , New Hampshire . It was inactivated on June 30 , 1971 . Activated in 1956 as an intermediate command echelon of Strategic Air Command , initially supervising and directing the organization and training of subordinate B - 47 Stratojet wings primarily in the Northeast . It ensured a force capable of immediate and sustained long range offensive bombardment and air - to - air refueling operations anywhere in the world . With the retirement of the B - 47 in 1965 , beginning in 1966 , the command controlled B - 52 Stratofortress heavy bombardment wings and at various times , deployed B - 52 and KC - 135 aircraft and crews to Strategic Air Command units involved in combat operations during the Vietnam War . The 817th also participated in tactical exercises such as War Dance , Grand Slam , and Blast Off . Inactivated in 1971 as part of SAC ' s withdrawal from Southeast Asia and also as a result of budgetary reductions History . Components . Wings Squadron
Raymond Abescat Raymond Abescat ( Paris , September 10 , 1891 – Rueil - Malmaison , August 15 , 2001 ) was one of the last surviving veterans of World War I in France , its oldest man and the oldest veteran in France at the time of his death . He died a mere 26 days before his 110th birthday . World War I . Abescat joined the military in October 1912 and spent seven years with an infantry regiment . Immediately following the French declaration of war , his unit was mobilized and sent to the Belgian Frontier to await the German advance . During their first engagement his company lost all but 80 soldiers , most of those were injured . Mr . Abescat was slightly injured in that fight . In 1916 , he was seriously wounded near Verdun , where fighting cost the lives of 250 , 000 French and German soldiers . His leg was amputated late in life , in part , due to that old war wound . To his dying day , he kept several small , shell fragments that had been taken from his leg in 1916 . After the war , Abescat joined a state financing agency where he worked until his retirement in 1957 . His memory was very clear until the end of his life . As such he was interviewed several times . Segments of his recollections appear in several documentaries . In one he recounts visiting the Exposition Universelle of 1900 . He died on the 15 August 2001 , he died less than one month before his 110th birthday .
20th ( Light ) Division The British 20th ( Light ) Division was a New Army division formed in September 1914 as part of the K2 Army Group . The division landed in France July 1915 and spent the duration of the First World War in action on the Western Front .
USS Southampton ( 1841 ) The first USS " Southampton " was a store ship in the United States Navy during the Mexican - American War . " Southampton " was laid down at Norfolk , Virginia as a side wheel steamer in October 1841 , but her machinery proved to be unsatisfactory and was removed . Apparently purchased by the United States Government in 1845 , the ship was commissioned on 27 May 1845 , Lieutenant Henry W . Morris in command . Service history . Africa Squadron , 1845 – 1846 . The ship departed Norfolk on 27 June 1845 and sailed for the coast of Africa where she served as a store ship for the cruiser s of the Africa Squadron . " Southampton " returned to Hampton Roads on 16 December 1846 and was repaired at the Norfolk Navy Yard . California , 1847 – 1850 . Recommissioned on 9 February 1847 , " Southampton " sailed south on 22 February , rounded Cape Horn , and proceeded up the Pacific coast of the Americas to the California coast . For the next two years , she supplied the ships which protected the newly won territory of the United States on the west coast . She returned to New York on 2 September 1850 and was decommissioned on the 15th . Pacific Squadron , 1851 – 1852 . Recommissioned on the last day of 1850 , " Southampton " departed New York on 2 February 1851 for another tour of duty with the Pacific Squadron , and returned to New York on 5 August 1852 . She was decommissioned five days later to be fitted out for duty in the Far East . Japan , 1852 – 1855 . The ship was recommissioned on 4 November 1852 and she sailed on 8 December for the Pacific . The following September , she joined Commodore Matthew C . Perry ' s squadron and was part of his expedition to Japan . " Southampton " returned to New York on 31 March 1855 , was decommissioned on 6 April , and was sold later that year . She subsequently entered merchant service .
Charles Paget , 6th Marquess of Anglesey Charles Henry Alexander Paget , 6th Marquess of Anglesey GCVO ( 14 April 1885 – 21 February 1947 ) was a British peer . Paget was born in 1885 , the son of Lord Alexander Paget , was educated at Eton and the Royal Military College , Sandhurst , and in 1905 he succeeded as Marquess of Anglesey on the demise of his childless cousin , the 5th Marquess . In 1911 he was Mayor of Burton upon Trent and went on to serve in the First World War with the Royal Horse Guards as aide - de - camp to the General Officer Commanding in Egypt in 1915 ( for which he was decorated with the Order of the Nile ) and then as Assistant Military Secretary to General Officer Commanding in Ireland in 1916 . He served in the Home Guard in World War II . On 3 August 1912 , he married Lady Victoria Marjorie Manners , a daughter of the 8th Duke of Rutland and they had six children : After World War I he was Lord Chamberlain to Queen Mary from 1922 till his death in 1947 . He commissioned the artist Rex Whistler to undertake a decorative mural scheme for the family seat at Plas Newydd . The trompe l ' oeil paintings and murals and a permanent exhibition of Whistler memorabilia are now one of major attractions at this property .
M98 battle uniform M / 98 is the standard Norwegian Battle Uniform , used by the Army ( Hæren ) , Air Force ( Luftforsvaret ) , and National Guard ( Heimvernet ) . It is an updated version of the older model M / 75 , and is used together with different hats according to military branch . The uniform consists of jacket and trousers and comes in the Norwegian camouflage . The jacket has two breast pockets and two big hand pockets , both with flap and a sewn on velcro above left breast pocket for the name tag . The trousers have regular pockets for hands - one back pocket and cargo pockets with flap . In addition to the regular Norwegian camouflage in green , brown and a darker green color , a special desert pattern has also been developed for the Afghan and Iraqi missions . The desert pattern consists of light green , brown and dark brown . The M / 98 is commonly used in garrison and only rarely used in the field . The Norwegian army has a separate field uniform consisting of olive drab ( and now also camouflage ) pants and a Norwegian camouflage field jacket .
Association of Naval Services Officers The Association of Naval Services Officers ( ANSO ) is an organization dedicated to expanding the presence of Hispanic and Latin Americans in the Sea Services of the United States Navy , the United States Marine Corps , the United States Coast Guard , and the United States Merchant Marine . The organization was established in 1981 . ANSO connects and networks Hispanics in the Coast Guard , Marine Corps , and Navy together and supports recruitment and retention of officers in the Sea Services . Programs include mentoring , training , and education . ANSO works particularly closely with the Navy to support the diversity goals of the Chief of Naval Operations of increasing the number of Hispanic active duty officers from 6 to 13 percent by 2037 . History . Recruiting Hispanics and preparing them for careers in the Navy was a special project of United States Secretary of the Navy Edward Hidalgo during the Carter administration from 1979 - 1981 . Hidalgo began addressing recruitment options at the Hispanic Officer Recruitment Conference ( HORC ) in December 1980 . As a result of this meeting , the Association of Naval Service Officers ( ANSO ) was created . ANSO was formally established in February 1981 . In the 1990s , ANSO National President CDR Raúl Castañeda , USN ( 1993 - 1996 ) expanded the mission of the organization from one of recruitment of Hispanics to one that also included training and networking . Castañeda also helped increase the number of members , doubling it in size . Chapters . ANSO has chapters in various states which directly assist the Sea Services efforts in attracting Hispanics as naval officers , as well as retaining Hispanic officers through recruitment , mentoring and educational efforts . ANSO events such as the annual Leadership , Professional Development , and Training General Convention attract high - level military leaders who assist in furthering the organization ' s goals . ANSO Board of Directors . The board currently consists of 21 members ( 2012 - 2013 ) .
Fort Fred Steele State Historic Site Fort Steele , also known as Fort Fred Steele , was established to protect the newly built Union Pacific Railroad from attacks by Native Americans during construction of the transcontinental railroad . The fort was built in 1868 where the railroad crossed the North Platte River in Carbon County , Wyoming . Work on the fort was carried out by military and civilian labor . Fort Steele was one of three forts built on the line . Fort Sanders ( originally Fort John Buford ) near Laramie and Fort D . A . Russell at Cheyenne were the other railroad forts . Fort Steele was named for the recently deceased General Frederick Steele . History . Immediately after the fort ' s establishment in the summer of 1868 it was the scene of a meeting that included Generals Ulysses S . Grant and William Tecumseh Sherman , who had come west to inspect the railroad , accompanied by Generals Philip Sheridan , August Kautz , Joseph H . Potter , William S . Harney , Frederick T . Dent and Adam J . Slemmer , with Union Pacific officials Thomas C . Durant and Sidney Dillon . The fort provided both military protection and law enforcement for the region . Troops from the fort also dealt wit labor disputes in Wyoming and as far away as Chicago . The most notable incident occurred in 1878 during the White River War , when the fort sent a contingent that was ambushed with heavy losses in the Battle of Milk Creek . Casualties included the fort ' s commander , Major Thomas Thornburgh . The fort was abandoned in 1886 . The fort ' s structures have suffered from repeated fires . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 16 , 1969 . It is presently managed as Fort Fred Steele State Historic Site by the state of Wyoming .
Joseph Tarchaneiotes Joseph Tarchaneiotes ( ) was a Byzantine general primarily known for his lack of participation in the decisive Battle of Manzikert ( 1071 ) . Biography . An experienced general , Joseph was second - in - command of the Byzantine operation at Manzikert , with some 30 , 000 – 40 , 000 soldiers under his command . Tarchaneiotes ' s segment of the army was detached to take nearby Khliat before the main battle took place . It is not clear what happened then , though in any case Khliat was not taken by the Byzantines . Tarchaneiotes ' s lack of participation in the campaign , whether due to treachery , dissatisfaction , or a defeat in battle , seriously undermined Romanos IV ' s ( r . 1068 – 1071 ) ability to fight at Manzikert . Even though his detachment was either defeated ( according to Seljuk sources ) or eliminated by causes unknown ( Byzantine sources do not mention it at all ) , Tarchaneiotes survived . Joseph died in 1074 , whilst serving as the " doux " of Antioch , and was succeeded by his son Katakalon Tarchaneiotes .
Sher Bahadur Thapa Sher Bahadur Thapa VC ( 20 November 1921 – 19 September 1944 ) was a Nepalese recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was enrolled on 20 November 1942 and was a 22 years old Rifleman in the 1st Battalion of the 9th Gurkha Rifles , in the British - Indian Army during World War II when the following deed took place at the Battle of San Marino , for which he was awarded the VC . < br > Digest of Citation ( reg No . 1137 ) reads : His Victoria Cross is currently held by his regiment 9 Gorkha Rifles in India . He was a Thapa Chhetri of Khas origin and a son of Ramdhoj Thapa , a permanent resident of Ghalechap of Tanahu , Nepal .
Operation Safraan Operation Safraan was a series of South African Defence Force raids from the Caprivi Strip area during the South African Border War . On August 23 , 1978 PLAN and the Zambian army shelled the small South African garrison town Katimo Mulilo in eastern Caprivi ( Namibia ) . In March 1979 , South African forces entered south - western Zambia attacking PLAN bases in retaliation for the shelling of Katimo Mulilo . These bases were around Sinjembele and the Njinje forest , were found to have been vacated but the facilities were destroyed disrupting future border infiltrations . The raid into Zambia resulted in SWAPO being asked to leave the country . Conducted on 7 March 1979 concurrently with Operation Rekstok ; it followed Operation Reindeer and preceded Operation Sceptic . The name means " saffron " in Afrikaans .
Alby Lowerson Albert David ( Alby ) Lowerson VC ( 2 August 1896 – 15 December 1945 ) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . First World War . He was 22 years old , and a sergeant in the 21st Battalion , ( Victoria ) , Australian Imperial Force during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 1 September 1918 at Mont St . Quentin , France , an attacking party was held up by a strong - point manned by 12 machine guns . Sergeant Lowerson took seven men and , attacking the flanks of the post , rushed the strongpoint and captured it , together with the 12 guns and 50 prisoners . He was severely wounded in the right thigh , but refused to leave the front line until the position had been consolidated . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial " ( Canberra , Australia ) " . Second World War . Lowerson also served in World War II . Enlisted Melbourne , 5 July 1940 , as V8081 ; discharged , 10 August 1944 , as Sergeant , 2 / 8 Training Bn .
United States Army Aviation and Missile Command The United States Army Aviation and Missile Command ( AMCOM ) is primarily responsible for life cycle management of army missile , helicopter , unmanned ground vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle weapon systems . The central part of AMCOM ' s job involves acquisition and sustainment support for aviation and missile systems throughout their life cycle . The command is headquartered at Redstone Arsenal by Huntsville , Alabama . AMCOM works closely with the Aviation and Missile Research , Development , and Engineering Center ( AMRDEC ) that operates simulation facilities to evaluate missile components , such as seekers , in a variety of flights and countermeasures environments . AMCOM also has access to several wind tunnels to test full - size helicopters , a vertical motion simulator for flight control evaluation and a crash - testing tower used to improve safety . AMCOM ' s Test , Measurement and Diagnostic Equipment Activity provides worldwide command and control over a broad metrology and calibration program . AMCOM is also the leader in foreign military sales , accounting for over 50 percent of total army sales to Allied forces and friendly foreign nations . AMCOM ' s main organizations are organized into " centers " : Chronology . The U . S . Army Missile Command was formally established on 23 May 1962 at Redstone Arsenal to manage the army ' s missile systems .
Martin R . M . Wallace Martin R . M . Wallace ( September 29 , 1829 – 1902 ) was an American Union brevet brigadier general during the period of the American Civil War . He was a colonel in the 4th Illinois Cavalry . He received his appointment as brevet brigadier general dated to March 13 , 1865 . He was the brother of the more famous Brigadier General William Hervey Lamme Wallace who was mortally wounded at the Battle of Shiloh .
Hanriot H . 180 The Hanriot H . 170 , H . 180 , and H . 190 were a family of light utility aircraft produced in France in the 1930s . All introduced in 1934 , they appeared side - by - side at the Paris Air Show that year , the model numbers distinguishing between versions powered by Salmson , Renault , and Régnier engines respectively . In basic construction , they were otherwise almost identical , as largely conventional monoplanes with high , strut - braced wings and fixed , tailskid undercarriage . The pilot and one or two passengers sat in an extensively - glazed , enclosed cabin . Although usually described as a monoplane , this family of aircraft all featured small , stub wings at the bottom of the fuselage . These carried the fuel tanks and served as a mounting point for the wing struts and undercarriage . An interesting feature was that the upper portion of the rear fuselage was a removable module , allowing it to be replaced with alternative modules for different roles , for example to carry a stretcher , or a second , open cockpit for pilot or gunnery training . The H . 182 was the major production version , accounting for 346 out of the total of 392 aircraft built . Most of these were produced as part of a government order for machines to equip the " Cercles Aériens Régionaux " reserve flying units , with 172 aircraft still operational at the Fall of France in 1940 . Ten more were purchased by the Second Spanish Republic for use in the Spanish Civil War , and 50 aircraft originally ordered by the French government were diverted to Turkey as part of a military aid agreement .