naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
XV International Brigade The XV International Brigade fought for the Spanish Second Republic in the Spanish Civil War as a part of the International Brigades . It was a Mixed brigade " ( Brigada mixta ) " mustered at Albacete in Spain , in January 1937 , comprising many English - speaking volunteers - arranged into a mostly British British Battalion and a mostly North American Lincoln Battalion . It also included two non - English - speaking battalions , the Balkan Dimitrov Battalion and the Franco - Belgian Sixth February Battalion . It fought at Jarama , Brunete , Boadilla , Belchite , Fuentes de Ebro , Teruel and El Ebro . The brigade ' s songs were " Jarama Valley " and " " Viva la Quinta Brigada " . History . The XVth Brigade first fought at the Battle of Jarama in February 1937 and suffered many casualties . The British lost 225 men from 600 ; the Lincolns 120 from 500 . After the battle , the brigade was seriously understrength . At the end of March , a Spanish battalion , " Voluntario 24 " ( the 24th Volunteers ) , joined the brigade . Over the next few months , under the close supervision of Janos Galicz , the brigade was re - organised into two regiments of about 1 , 200 men . He appointed " the gallant major " , George Nathan , as brigade Chief of Staff . The first regiment , commanded by Jock Cunningham , with Harry Haywood as political commissar , was English - speaking and comprised the depleted British and Lincolns ; as well as the recently formed but understrength second battalion of American volunteers , the George Washington Battalion . The second regiment was commanded by Major " Chapaiev " ( Mihaly Szalvay ) and consisted of the Dimitrov Battalion , the Sixth February Battalion and the " Volontario 24 " Battalion . This was the composition in July 1937 for the Battle of Brunete . As with the Battle of Jarama , the brigade suffered huge casualties ; the brigade strength was reduced from six to four battalions . In particular , the two American battalions were so depleted that they merged to form the Lincoln - Washington Battalion ( This name did not last : it was renamed the ' Lincoln ' Battalion in October 1937 . ) The 6th February , which also suffered severe casualties , was transferred after Brunete . After Belchite the nominally Canadian Mackenzie - Papineau Battalion , joined the brigade while the Dimitrov Battalion departed . During the fall of 1937 the units of the International Brigade were integrated into the Spanish Popular Army and the Battalions were re - numbered . The British Bn became the 57th , the Lincoln - Washington the 58th , the Spanish ( formerly known as the 24th ) , became the 59th and the Mackenzie - Papineau the 60th . The battalion line - up remained stable through the withdrawal of the Internationals during the Ebro Campaign . The XVth International Brigade also included volunteers from Latin America , who after multiple incidents of bad treatment by the Americans left the international brigades and joined other units such as El Campesino ' s First Mobile Shock Brigade .
Squadron ( aviation ) A squadron in air force , army aviation , or naval aviation is mainly a unit comprising a number of military aircraft , usually of the same type , typically with 12 to 24 aircraft , sometimes divided into three or four flight s , depending on aircraft type and air force . Land based squadrons equipped with heavier type aircraft such as long - range bombers , or cargo aircraft , or air refueling tankers have around 12 aircraft as a typical authorization , while most fighter equipped units have an authorized number of 18 to 24 . Sea - based units rarely have more than 12 aircraft authorized at a time . In most air forces , two or more squadrons form a group or wing . Some air forces ( including the Royal Air Force and United States Air Force ) also use the term squadrons for non - flying ground units . An " escadron " is the equivalent unit in France ' s Armée de l ' Air . In the Air Training Corps of the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth nations , a Squadron is a group of cadet s who parade regularly . In the US Civil Air Patrol , a squadron is the basic administrative unit . In the Swedish Air Force a squadron ( " helikopterskvadron " ) is a detachment from the " Helicopter Wing " ( " Helikopterflottiljen " ) .
Meck Island Meck Island ( , ) is part of the Kwajalein Atoll in the Ralik Chain in the Republic of the Marshall Islands , southwest of Honolulu , Hawaii . Meck is part of the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site , and a launch site for anti - ballistic missile s and launch vehicles is based there .
Battle of Moncontour The Battle of Moncontour occurred on 3 October 1569 between the Catholic forces of King Charles IX of France and the Huguenots during the " Third War " ( 1568 - 1570 ) of the French Wars of Religion . The battle . Coligny broke off the Siege of Poitou , and joined with German allies , moved south , after the French were reinforced with mercenaries . Henry , Duke of Anjou , attacked before Coligny could join with Gabriel , comte de Montgomery . The Swiss pikemen shattered the Huguenot " landsknechts " . 8 , 000 Huguenots surrendered . Aftermath . Coligny regrouped , marched east into the Rhone and marched on Paris .
Thomas de Foix - Lescun Thomas de Foix - Lescun ( died 3 March 1525 ) , commonly known as Lescun , was a French commander during the Italian War of 1521 , and the brother of Odet de Foix , Vicomte de Lautrec , André de Foix , Lord of Lesparre and Françoise de Foix . He accompanied King Francis I of France in the conquest of the Duchy of Milan . He helped Pope Leo X in the conquest of the Duchy of Urbino and in 1518 he was made Marshal of France . As the French governor of Milan , his severe rule gained him the people ' s enmity , and he had to retreat to Parma until the arrival of his brother . At the Battle of Bicocca , he commanded the cavalry force which attempted to flank Prospero Colonna ; afterwards , he assumed command of the French army and was wounded . Later he was responsible for the French withdrawal from Italy . He fought in the battle of Pavia , being wounded while he was rescuing King Francis I . He was made prisoner and subsequently died out of his wounds .
Ducové Ducové is a municipality ( village ) situated in western Slovakia , near the spa town of Piešťany . It was part of the municipality Moravany nad Váhom from 1976 to 1992 . The village lies under the Váh Inovec . Etymology . 1773 Dutzo , Duczowe , 1786 Duczo , Duczowce , 1808 Duczó , Ducow , 1863 - 1913 Ducó , 1920 Ducov , Ducové , 1927 - 1975 , 1992 Ducové Great Moravian castle . Ducové is famous for an archaeological site on the " Kostolec " hill , where an important Great Moravian castle has been unearthed . The castle , including a small palace , a Christian rotunda church , and a graveyard of local nobles , served as the administrative center of the Váh river valley ( the Trenčín county ) during the 9th century and the first half of the 10th century . It was founded after the nearby Nitrian castle in Pobedim was destroyed during unification of Great Moravia by Mojmír I . Ducové castle was destroyed itself by Magyar invaders around 955 . Some parts of the castle ( such as its palisade s ) have been reconstructed by archaeologists . Excavations of older settlements from the Stone Age , Bronze Age and the Roman era indicate that Ducové benefited from its location on the Amber Road well before the Great Moravian era . Population . According to the 2011 census , the municipality had 375 inhabitants . 365 of inhabitants were Slovaks and 10 others and unspecified .
Oliver Colin LeBoutillier Captain Oliver Colin LeBoutillier ( 24 May 1894 – 12 May 1983 ) was a World War I aviator who witnessed the death of Manfred von Richthofen . He was a vigorous proponent of Captain Roy Brown as the victor over Richthofen . Post World War I , he became a stunt pilot for movies , a skywriter , and an aviation instructor whose most famous student was Amelia Earhart . Later , he became a civil aviation inspector . Biography . He was born on 24 May 1895 to an English father and Canadian mother in Montclair , New Jersey . World War I . He trained at the Wright Brothers Flying School in Mineola , New York . He then crossed into Canada and joined the Royal Naval Air Service on 21 August 1916 . By April 1917 , he had joined the No . 9 Squadron Royal Naval Air Service as a sub - lieutenant to pilot a Sopwith Triplane . Between 25 May and 29 July 1917 , he scored four victories by driving enemy planes down out of control . On 1 April 1918 , the Royal Naval Air Service and the Royal Flying Corps were combined into the Royal Air Force and 9 Naval became No . 209 Squadron RAF . During a squadron dogfight on 21 April 1918 in the Somme River valley , LeBoutillier Robert Foster , and Merrill Samuel Taylor shot down an Albatros two - seater and sparked a running dogfight during which Captain Roy Brown claimed to have downed Manfred von Richthofen . LeBoutillier claimed to have witnessed Brown ' s tracer bullets penetrating Richthofen ' s cockpit . Immediately after its crash , LeBoutillier flew over the triplane of von Richthofen . He finished the war with ten aerial victories ; one shared aircraft captured , three destroyed ( including two shared ) , and six ' out of control ' ( one of which was shared ) . He had over 600 hours flying time in his log book by the end of the war . Upon his return to the United States , LeBoutillier became a skywriter , and later an official of the Skywriting Corporation of America . He also became a barnstormer and piloted aircraft for eighteen movies , including : " Hell ' s Angels " and " Wings " . As a flight instructor , he gave Amelia Earhart her first lesson in a twin - engined aircraft . He became a Civil Aviation Authority inspector in charge of Colorado and Wyoming . Death . He died on 12 May 1983 in Las Vegas , Nevada .
Children ' s Peace Monument The is a monument for peace to commemorate Sadako Sasaki and the thousands of child victims of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima . Overview . The monument is located in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park , itself in the city of Hiroshima . Designed by native artists Kazuo Kikuchi and Kiyoshi Ikebe , the monument was built using money derived from a fund - raising campaign by Japanese school children including Sadako ' s classmates , with the main statue entitled ' A - bomb Children ' being unveiled on the 5th of May , 1958 , or ( Children ' s Day in Japan ) . Sadako is immortalized at the top of the statue , where she holds a crane . Thousands of origami cranes from all over the world are offered around the monument on a daily basis , with ancient Japanese tradition holding that one who folds a thousand cranes can have one wish granted . They serve as a sign that the children who make them and those who visit the statue desire a world without nuclear war , having been tied to the statue by the story that Sadako died from radiation - induced leukemia after folding just under a thousand cranes , wishing for world peace . However , an exhibit which appeared in the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum stated that by the end of August , 1955 , Sadako had achieved her goal and continued to fold more cranes . Unfortunately , her wish was not granted ; she died of the leukemia on October 25 , 1955 . Beneath the main structure lies a bronze crane that works as a wind chime when pushed against a traditional peace bell from which it is suspended , the two pieces having been donated by Nobel Laureate in Physics Hideki Yukawa . At the base of the monument is a black marble slab on which is inscribed in Japanese : Sister statue . The monument inspired a youth - funded and designed sister statue in Santa Fe , New Mexico , USA , in the state where " Little Boy " , the bomb dropped on Hiroshima , was built . The sister statue was dedicated in 1995 , the 50th anniversary of the bombings .
57th Infantry Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 57th Infantry Division ( German : " 57 . Infanterie - Division " ) was a German division in World War II . It was formed on 26 August 1939 in Landshut . History . The 57th Infantry Division was formed in August 1939 as part of the second wave of German infantry divisions . During the German - Soviet invasion of Poland , the division remained in the Saarland . The division was moved into Poland as an occupational force in August 1940 until the initiation of Operation Barbarossa in June 1941 . The division took part in the campaign as part of Army Group South , where it assaulted Kiev .
Murder of Muhamad Husain Kadir Private First Class Edward L . Richmond was an U . S . Army soldier serving in Iraq who was convicted of manslaughter in relation to the death of Muhamad Husain Kadir , an Iraqi prisoner . Richmond was sentenced to three years in prison and a dishonorable discharge , as well as pay forfeiture and a reduction in rank . Incident . Richmond was a member of the Headquarters Company , of the 1st Battalion , 27th Infantry Regiment ( United States ) , a unit of the 25th Infantry Division ( United States ) ' s 2nd Brigade Combat Team . On February 28 , 2004 Richmond ' s unit was conducting a raid in a village near Taal Al Jai . Orders were to detain all male members of the village , and Sergeant Jeffrey Waruch described observing Kadir , a cowherd , with Richmond , and that Kadir resisted being handcuff ed . Waruch then said that he observed Richmond shooting Kadir in the back of the head . Two unidentified government witnesses provided observations of what was believed to be Richmond ' s motives . One claimed that Richmond was overheard talking about killing Iraqis , the other that Richmond asked to kill Kadir prior to the orders to detain villagers . Richmond claimed that he never saw Kadir handcuffed , and was defending Sergent Waruch when Kadir was shot , claiming that Waruch ordered Richmond to " shoot him if he moves . " Richmond was convicted of manslaughter , and sentenced to three years in prison and a dishonorable discharge , as well as pay forfeiture and a reduction in rank . He was released from prison on parole after serving two years of his sentence , an appeal was pending as of 2006 .
Vetehinen - class submarine The " Vetehinen " class submarine was a Finnish 500 tonne submarine class of three vessels that was designed and built in the 1920s and early 1930s . The Vetehinen class served in the Finnish Navy during World War II . The class was designed by Dutch dummy company Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw den Haag ( I . v . S ) ( set up by Germany after World War I in order to maintain and develop German submarine know - how and to circumvent the limitations set by the Treaty of Versailles ) and built by the Finnish Crichton - Vulcan shipyard in Turku . The class was based on the German World War I Type UB III and Type UC III submarines and served as prototype for Type VII submarines . The word " vetehinen " means a merman . Vetehinen class submarines were designed as minelaying submarines and were built with mineshafts for 20 mines . Submarines had special inner rails for to torpedotubes to enable 450 mm torpedoes to be used instead of the 533 mm torpedoes .
Sagiyama Castle History . Sagiyama Castle was built by Satake Hideyoshi between 1185 and 1190 . It served as a main castle for the Toki clan , who were the " shugo " of Mino Province at the time , at first . However , after the construction of Kawate Castle to the south in 1353 , Sagiyama Castle no longer played an important role in the area . Toki Yorinari moved into the castle in the early 16th century , but chose to live in Kawate Castle after becoming the " shugo " . After Saitō Dōsan usurped power from the Toki clan in 1530 , he moved the area ' s power into Inabayama Castle atop Mount Kinka . However , he occasionally took refuge in Sagiyama Castle because of its ease of access . Dōsan gave possession of Sagiyama Castle to his son , Saitō Yoshitatsu , in 1548 after some repairs . Originally , Dōsan was planning on naming Yoshitatsu as his successor , but when Yoshitatsu heard that Dōsan might choose another son , Yoshitatsu killed his two brothers . The murders led to the Battle of Nagaragawa between Dōsan and Yoshitatsu in 1556 , which resulted in Dōsan ' s death and the destruction of the castle . Present . In 1964 , during the construction of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen and the Meishin Expressway , dirt and stones from Mount Sagi were used , reducing the size of the mountain . During the excavation , however , stones thought to have formed the base of the castle were discovered . Though much of the castle is gone , what remains , including earthen walls and a moat , are protected .
Pino III Ordelaffi Pino III Ordelaffi ( March 1436 – October 1480 ) was an Italian condottiero and lord of Forlì . He was a member of the Ordelaffi family . The son of Antonio I Ordelaffi , he was the brother of Francesco IV Ordelaffi , lord of Forlì from 1448 . In 1462 he married Barbara Manfredi , daughter of Astorre II , lord of Faenza . In 1463 Pino fell ill : Francesco was suspected of having poisoned him , but he recovered . In 1466 , as Francesco lay ill in turn , Pino ' s seized the city and assumed the lordship of Forlì and Forlimpopoli . Soon after Barbara died , and Astorre Manfredi suspected Pico of poisoning her out of jealousy . Therefore Pino sought an alliance with Taddeo Manfredi , lord of Imola and rival of Astorre , to counter the latter ' s attempt to oust him with the help of the Pope . Pino married Taddeo ' s daughter Zaffira , but in 1473 he also had her poisoned . Pino also had his mother poisoned in 1467 . He then married Lucrezia Pico della Mirandola , sister of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola , who a contemporary noted was " always very careful with what she ate " . Giovanni Pico della Mirandola In 1467 he also took part in the Battle of Molinella , where he was wounded . Pino was a patron of the arts , building numerous edifices in Forlì ; he also completed the construction of the walls and strengthened the Castle . A monument commissioned by Pino to Francesco di Simone Ferrucci for his wife Barbara ' s tomb can be seen in the Abbey of San Mercuriale in Forlì . He died in 1480 , being briefly succeeded by his son Sinibaldo before the acquisition of the Forlivese lands by Girolamo Riario . Footnotes . < br >
Camp Harahan Camp Harahan , also called Camp Plauche , was a troop staging area outside New Orleans , Louisiana during World War II . The camp served as a staging area for troops passing through the New Orleans Port of Embarkation . Its mission changed to that of a training base in 1942 . Between 200 , 000 - 300 , 000 troops , including battalions of railroad troops , port troops and hospital men were organized and trained there . The Army Administration Officer Candidate School was established 19 October 1942 at Mississippi State College under the supervision of the Army Adjutant General . Within a few months the School was renamed the Transportation Corps Officer Candidate School ( OCS ) and moved to Camp Harahan . The curriculum included transportation modes , terminal operations , and cargo / personnel movement . The 765th Transportation Battalion was activated at Camp Harahan on 12 March 1943 , as the 765th Railway Shop Battalion . It soon deployed to the European Theater . The 721st Railway Operating Battalion was activated at Camp Harahan on 14 April 1943 . The unit comprised men from replacement companies , reception centers , a cadre from another battalion and reservists of the New York Central System , which sponsored the battalion . While at Camp Harahan for six weeks , the men underwent a vigorous physical training program , learning to march , hurdle obstacle courses , roll full field packs , fire a gun and become indoctrinated in Army discipline , rules and regulations . The 740th Railway Operating Battalion was activated at Camp Harahan in December 1943 . The camp was later used to hold German and Italian prisoners - of - war ( POWs ) .
USS Benjamin Franklin ( SSBN - 640 ) USS " Benjamin Franklin " ( SSBN 640 ) , the lead ship of her class of ballistic missile submarine , was the only submarine of the United States Navy to be named for Benjamin Franklin ( 1706 – 1790 ) , the American journalist , publisher , author , philanthropist , abolitionist , public servant , scientist , librarian , diplomat , and inventor . Construction and commissioning . The contract to build " Benjamin Franklin " was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton , Connecticut , on 1 November 1962 and her keel was laid down there on 25 May 1963 . She was launched on 5 December 1964 , sponsored by Mrs . Francis L . Moseley and Mrs . Leon V . Chaplin , and commissioned on 22 October 1965 , with Captain Donald M . Miller commanding the Blue Crew and Commander Ross N . Williams commanding the Gold Crew . Service history . On 6 December 1965 the Gold Crew successfully launched a Polaris A - 3 ballistic missile in close coordination with an orbital pass of the " Gemini 7 " astronauts Frank Borman and Jim Lovell . Decommissioning and disposal . " Benjamin Franklin " was decommissioned on 23 November 1993 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register the same day . Her scrapping via the Nuclear - Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program in Bremerton , Washington , was completed on 21 August 1995 .
14th ( Light ) Division The 14th ( Light ) Division was one of the Kitchener ' s Army division s raised from volunteers by Lord Kitchener . It fought on the Western Front for the duration of the First World War . Formation . The division comprised the following infantry brigade s , which underwent major changes between February and June 1918 . World War I . The 14th ( Light ) Division all the regiments were of the fast marching rifle or light infantry regiments , hence the title " Light " . The battalions in the 43rd Brigade were : The 14th Division served on the Western Front throughout the war and the 43rd Brigade were engaged in the following actions : 2nd Battle of Ypres see http : / / www . 1914 - 1918 . net / 14div . htm Battles . 2nd Battle of Ypres
106th Field Battery , Royal Australian Artillery The 106th Field Battery was an artillery battery unit of the Royal Australian Artillery . The battery was formed in 1966 and served two tours during the Vietnam War before being disbanded . History . Formed in December 1966 at Wacol , Queensland as part of the 4th Field Regiment . The battery left for its first tour of Vietnam between April 1967 and March 1968 . The second tour of duty of Vietnam was between February 1970 and January 1971 . Reformed in the mid 70 ' s to conducts gun trials for the replacement of the BL 5 . 5 inch Medium Gun .
Army of the Kanawha The Army of the Kanawha was a small Confederate army early in the American Civil War . Confederate units in the vital Kanawha River valley of western Virginia were styled the " Army of the Kanawha " after they were put under the command of former Virginia governor Henry A . Wise on June 6 , 1861 . Kanawha valley native John B . Floyd , himself a former Virginia governor and former U . S . Secretary of War , assumed command on August 11 intending to improve recruitment , but personal animosity between the two politicians prevented Floyd from fully exercising control of the inexperienced force until early autumn . After the Confederate commanders ' quarrel cost them victory at the Battle of Carnifex Ferry , Confederate States Secretary of War Judah P . Benjamin sent an order relieving Wise and ordering him to Richmond , and Floyd commanded the brigade - sized force until he was sent to the Western Theater . The " Army " was incorporated into the 3rd division of the Army of Central Kentucky in late December and while the army ceased to exist as such , the brigade fought at Fort Donelson . What men remained after the Confederate surrender at Donelson eventually became members of the Army of Mississippi before the Battle of Shiloh .