naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Fort St . George ( Popham Colony ) The Popham Colony ( also known as the Sagadahoc Colony ) was a short - lived English colonial settlement in North America that was founded in 1607 and located in the present - day town of Phippsburg , Maine near the mouth of the Kennebec River by the proprietary Virginia Company of Plymouth . It was founded a few months after , and in the same year as , its more successful rival , the colony at Jamestown , which was established on May 4 , 1607 by the Virginia Company of London in present - day James City County , Virginia . The first ship built by the English in the New World was completed during the year of the Popham Colony and was sailed back across the Atlantic Ocean to England . The pinnace , named " Virginia of Sagadahoc " , was apparently quite seaworthy , and crossed the Atlantic again successfully in 1609 as part of Sir Christopher Newport ' s nine vessel Third Supply mission to Jamestown . The tiny " Virginia " survived a massive three day storm en route which was thought to have been a hurricane and which wrecked the mission ' s large new flagship " Sea Venture " on Bermuda . The exact site of the Popham Colony was lost until its rediscovery in 1994 . Much of this historical location is now part of Maine ' s Popham Beach State Park . Fort St . George . Fort St . George , named for the patron saint of England , was built on the headland of an area named Sabino , ten miles / 15 kilometres south of what is now Bath , Maine , in the town of Phippsburg , Maine , United States . On October 8 , 1607 , colonist John Hunt drew a map of the colony . Hunt was listed in the colony register as " draughtsman " . His map showed a star - shaped fort with ditches and ramparts , and 18 buildings including the admiral ' s house , a chapel , a storehouse , a cooperage , and a guardhouse . Fort St . George contained nine guns that ranged in size from demi - culverin to falcon . As a result of espionage , Hunt ' s map was sold to the Spanish ambassador to London , Pedro de Zuniga . The map then passed to King Philip III of Spain , in 1608 . In 1888 it was discovered in the Spanish national archives . It might be a copy of the now - lost original map , and is unique as the only plan of the original layout of an early English settlement in the Americas known to survive . Fort St . George was abandoned after a year of occupation and is now an archaeological site . Modern excavations . The first excavations of the area in the 1960s were unsuccessful . In 1994 , Jeffrey Brain of the Peabody Essex Museum discovered the site of the colony using the Hunt ' s map as a guide . He began a larger excavation in 1997 and later uncovered the Admiral ' s house , the storehouse and a liquor storage building . He also proved that Hunt ' s map was very accurate . Parts of the fort , probably including the chapel and graveyard , lie on private property not open for digging and the Fort ' s southern portion is under a public road . The excavation was concluded in 2005 .
John Kiggins John Kiggins ( February 2 , 1837 – September 29 , 1914 ) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Lookout Mountain . He served as a sergeant and flag bearer with Company D of the 149th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment . Biography . Kiggins enlisted in the Army from Syracuse , New York in September 1862 . He was assigned to the 149th New York Infantry , and promoted to Sergeant on 1 November 1863 . On November 24 , 1863 , the 149th New York was ordered to leave their camp on the Tennessee side of Lookout Mountain and advance on the Confederate stronghold located on the mountain . It was planned that the Northerners would defeat the enemy through sheer force . The men hastily made a bridge across Lookout Creek , and about half a mile away , started to fight the opposing forces . Full scale fighting broke out , and the fog thickened . The men of the 149th had difficulty , because they were trapped between a Southern line and another Northern line and were being shelled from both sides . Kiggins stood on a stump , lifted a large American flag above his head and waved it around . The 149th was no longer being shot at by fellow Northerners . However , Kiggins was open to the fire of the Confederate troops . The battle swung in favor of the Northerners and the next day the Union troops had control of the mountain . Kiggins ' clothing was filled with a total of nine bullet holes . The top of his head had been grazed by a bullet , and one bullet entered his thigh , but he survived . He was later mustered out with his regiment in June 1865 . On January 12 , 1892 , he was awarded the Medal on Honor . He returned to Syracuse , New York , and worked as a night watchman for the Whitman and Barnes Company . He lived in Syracuse until his death on September 29 , 1914 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , Company D , 149th New York Infantry . Place and date : At Lookout Mountain , Tenn . , November 24 , 1863 . Entered service at : Syracuse , N . Y . Birth : Syracuse , N . Y . Date of issue : January 12 , 1892 . Citation : Waved the colors to save the lives of the men who were being fired upon by their own batteries , and thereby drew upon himself a concentrated fire from the enemy .
Joseph J . Gravely Joseph Jackson Gravely ( September 25 , 1828 – April 28 , 1872 ) was a nineteenth - century politician , lawyer and teacher from Virginia and Missouri . Biography . Born near Leatherwood , Virginia , Gravely attended public schools as a child , engaged in agricultural pursuits and taught school . He studied law and was admitted to the bar , commencing practice in Virginia . He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates in 1853 and 1854 , moved to Missouri in 1854 and was a delegate to the in 1860 . During the Civil War , Gravely served as colonel of the 8th Missouri State Militia Cavalry Regiment in the Union Army and was a member of the Missouri Senate in 1862 and 1864 . He was elected a Republican to the United States House of Representatives in 1866 , serving from 1867 to 1869 , and was elected the 15th Lieutenant Governor of Missouri in 1870 , serving from 1871 until his death in Stockton , Missouri on April 28 , 1872 . He was interred in Lindley Prairie Cemetery near Bear Creek , Missouri .
Opération Baliste Opération Baliste is the codename for the French aeronaval operation off Lebanon aiming at securing citizens of the European Union , since July 2006 , in the context of the 2006 Lebanon War . Components . " Opération Baliste " employed 1 , 700 men under " contre - amiral " Xavier Magne . The operation was threefold : History . On 18 August 2006 , 14 , 500 people had been evacuated ( including 11 , 300 French citizens ) . On 20 August , the TCD " Foudre " and the frigate " Cassard " sailed from Toulon to join the theatre and convoy elements from the 2nd and 13th Regiments of Engineering , as well as over 100 engineering vehicles for the UNIFIL On 3 October , an Israeli fighter penetrated the defence perimeter of the stealth frigate " Courbet " , triggering a diplomatic incident . Israel apologised after official protests from the French government . Notes . The codename refers to the Triggerfish ( and not the ancient weapon ballista , as sometimes misunderstood ) .
844th Bombardment Squadron The 844th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 489th Bombardment Group . It was inactivated at March Field , California on 17 October 1945 . History . Activated in September 1943 as a B - 24 Liberator heavy bomb squadron by Second Air Force , training in Utah the until being deployed to the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) ; being assigned to VIII Bomber Command in England in May 1944 . Squadron entered combat on 30 May 1944 , in the period immediately before the D - Day landings . Took part in strategic bombing campaign over Europe . Also supported the D - Day landings and the massive aerial attack that preceded the breakthrough at St . Lo . The unit was also used to carry food to liberated France and to the rapidly advancing Allied troops during August and September 1944 and to carry supplies to the Allied troops in Holland during Operation Market Garden . In November – December 1944 the squadron was withdrawn to the United States , where it began to prepare to deploy to the Pacific . In March 1945 it was redesignated as a Very Heavy bombardment unit , and converted to the B - 29 Superfortress , but the war ended before it could be deployed with the new aircraft . The unit was inactivated on 17 October 1945 .
226th Coastal Division ( Italy ) The 226th Coastal Division was an infantry division of the Italian Army during World War II . The division was located on the French island of Corsica . The division was formed from units of the regular army , from the 170th , 171st and 181st Infantry Regiments and the 7th Artillery Group a formation smaller than an Artillery regiment . Normally Coastal divisions were second line divisions , usually formed from men in their forties and fifties intended to perform labouring and second line duties . Recruited locally , they were often commanded by officers called out of retirement . Their equipment was also second rate . The Prime Minister of Italy , Benito Mussolini had hoped to obtain large quantities of arms and equipment from the disbanded Vichy French army , but this was often sabotaged or arrived with no ammunition .
Muhammed Zafar Khan Brigadier General Muhammed Zafar Khan was the first South Asian Commander in the British Cavalry . Khan belongs to the Minhas Rajput clan of Chakwal . His father Sirdar ( or Sardar ) Bahadur , Raja Fazal Dad Khan was a hereditary Landlord ( or Zamindar ) and was commissioned with a British Army cavalry unit . Five of Brig Muhammed Zafar Khan ' s brothers ( in total he had seven brothers ) joined the Army and became officers . His elder brother , Muhammed Akbar Khan was the first Indian Muslim to become a General in the British Indian Army . His brother , General Muhammad Anwar Khan was the first Engineer in Chief of the Pakistan Army and his brother Major General Muhammed Iftikhar Khan was an officer inherited by the Pakistan Army from British India . He had been nominated to become the first local Commander in Chief of the Pakistan Army after General Douglas David Gracey ' s retirement . However , his death in a tragic plane crash in 1949 was a disaster for the newly formed country .
WR - 40 Langusta WR - 40 Langusta is a Polish self - propelled multiple rocket launcher developed by Centrum Produkcji Wojskowej HSW SA . The first 32 units of the WR - 40 will enter service in 2010 . The Langusta is based on a deeply modernized Soviet BM - 21 launcher . The carrier used is a 6x6 Jelcz truck model P662D . 35 with armoured crew - cabin . Another step in the modernization of Polish rocket artillery is project ' Homar ' , corresponding to MLRS rocket system , carried on from 2007 .
Gerald Gibbs ( RAF officer ) Air Marshal Sir Gerald Ernest Gibbs KBE , CIE , MC & Two Bars , RAF ( Born South Norwood , 3 September 1896 ; died Kingston upon Thames , 13 October 1992 ) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force in the first half of the 20th century and the last RAF commander - in - chief of the Indian Air Force . During World War I he scored 10 victories ( all in the S . E . 5 ) , becoming a double ace . Educated at Kingston Grammar School .
Naval Reactors Facility Naval Reactors Facility ( NRF ) is located 52 miles northwest of Idaho Falls . The NRF is a United States Department of Energy - Naval Reactors facility where three nuclear propulsion prototypes A1W , S1W and S5G were located . It is contractor - operated for the government by Bechtel Marine Propulsion Corporation ( BMPC ) , which also operates Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory and Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory . From the early 1950s to the mid - 1990s , NRF supported the U . S . Navy ' s nuclear - powered fleet by testing reactor designs , receiving spent nuclear fuel for processing and storage , and training nearly 40 , 000 Navy personnel to operate surface and submarine nuclear power plants . The only remaining active facility at NRF is the Expended Core Facility / Dry Storage Facility , which provides for storage of spent fuel from U . S . Naval reactors . NRF is part of the Idaho National Laboratory .
William McFadzean William Frederick " Billy " McFadzean VC ( 9 October 1895 – 1 July 1916 ) was born in Lurgan , County Armagh . From Ulster , he was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . McFadzean was a 20 year old rifleman in the 14th Battalion , The Royal Irish Rifles , British Army during the First World War . On 1 July 1916 , during the Battle of the Somme near Thiepval Wood , France , a box of hand grenades slipped into a crowded trench . Two of the safety pins in the grenades were dislodged . McFadzean threw himself on top of the grenades , which exploded , killing him but only injuring one other . His citation read : McFadzean ' s father was presented with his son ' s VC by King George V in Buckingham Palace , London on 28 February 1917 . His Victoria Cross is displayed at The Royal Ulster Rifles Museum , Belfast , Northern Ireland . McFadzean played rugby for Collegians RFC . He was also a member of the East Belfast Regiment of the Ulster Volunteers and the Young Citizens Volunteers Legacy . Private McFadzean was immortalised in song :
Jean Jules Bousson Jean Jules Bousson ( 13 March 1834 in Vincennes – 3 September 1926 in Paris ) was a French officer of the Cent - gardes Squadron . Life . Captain Bousson was a student of the school of Saint Cyr . He was appointed Lieutenant of the 2nd Carabiniers - à - Cheval on 1 October 1854 , joining the Emperor ' s Cent - gardes Squadron on 20 June 1856 . Appointed Lieutenant on 14 March 1859 , he took part in the Second Italian War of Independence . He later became Captain on 8 December 1861 , and then Captain Adjutant - Major , and finally Commander of the squadron in 1865 . On 10 August 1868 he was named Cavalry Major for the 4th light cavalry regiment . During the war of 1870 , he was named Chevalier of the " Légion d ' Honneur " after the battle of Spicheren . Named first Lieutenant Colonel to the 3rd regiment of cuirassiers on 1 November 1879 , he was named Colonel on 13 July 1884 , commanding the 8th Dragons Regiment and the 7th regiment of cuirassiers . Appointed General of Brigade on 28 October 1891 , he commanded the 13th army corps cavalry brigade and was then finally appointed Commander of the Legion of honour on 30 December 1895 .
Landing at Jacquinot Bay The Landing at Jacquinot Bay was an Allied amphibious landing at Jacquinot Bay during the New Britain Campaign of World War II on 4 November 1944 . Landing . The first echelon , consisting of the 14th / 32nd Battalion and a company of the 1st New Guinea Infantry Battalion , was transported by two transports under the escort of the Royal Australian Navy ' s ( RAN ) destroyer HMAS " Vendetta " , frigate " Barcoo " and sloop " Swan " . The landing was unopposed by Imperial Japanese forces . After covering the landing force for two days , HMAS " Vendetta " , " Barcoo " and " Swan " proceeded to Wide Bay and bombarded Japanese positions around the bay . The RAN motor launches " ML 802 " and " ML 827 " stayed in the area with landing craft of a company of the United States Army ' s 594th Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment .
HMS Nonsuch ( 1774 ) HMS " Nonsuch " was a 64 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 17 December 1774 at Plymouth . She was broken up in 1802 . Career . " Nonsuch " was commissioned in August 1775 as a guardship at Plymouth . She was fitted for the in December 1776 , but sailed for North America on 23 March 1777 . American War of Independence . On 7 July 1780 " Nonsuch " , under the command of Sir James Wallace , captured the brig - rigged cutter " Hussard " of Saint Malo . " Hussard " was armed with eighteen 6 - pounder guns . The Royal Navy took her into service as . On 14 July " Nonsuch " captured the 26 - gun frigate " Belle Poule " off the Loire . The Royal Navy took " Belle Poule " into service under her existing name . In April 1781 , " Nonsuch " was part of Admiral George Darby ' s relief fleet during the Great Siege of Gibraltar . On 14 May 1781 , on the homeward voyage , while scouting ahead , " Nonsuch " chased and brought to action the French 74 - gun " Actif " , hoping to detain her until some others of the fleet came up . However , " Actif " was able to repulse " Nonsuch " , causing her to suffer 26 men killed and 64 wounded , and continued on to Brest . " Nonsuch " fought at the Battle of the Saintes ( 9 April — 12 April 1782 ) . Floating battery . Between February and May 1794 " Nonsuch " was at Chatham , being cut down and fitted as a floating battery . Captain Bill Douglas commissioned her in March . In June she was at Jersey under Captain Philippe d ' Auvergne , Prince of Bouillon , and Senior Officer of Gunboats , in charge of a small flotilla of useless gunvessels , including , , , , and . ( The Navy disposed of most of them within a year or so . ) " Nonsuch " was paid off in December . In February 1795 Captain William Mitchell recommissioned her in the Humber at Hull as a floating battery . Mitchell ' s successor , in August , was Captain Henry Blackwood . In April 1796 Captain Robert Dudley Oliver replaced Blackwood , only to be replaced in October 1797 by Captain Isaac Woolley , who commanded her until 1799 . Fate . In 1802 " Nonsuch " was broken up .
Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron ( commonly known as UGSAS ) is a Royal Air Force University Air Squadron drawing its members from six higher education establishments within Glasgow and its surrounding areas . Its headquarters are based in the West End of Glasgow in the Park District and is equipped with two Grob Tutor aircraft which are based at the flying element of the squadron at Glasgow International Airport . The Squadron has approximately 65 student members — the majority of whom hold the rank of Officer Cadet as members of the RAF Volunteer Reserve , and is split into two flights — Clydesdale and MacIntyre . The Squadron is a remote unit of RAF Leuchars . History . Formation and World War Two . The Squadron was formed as Glasgow University Air Squadron on 13 January 1941 , initially recruiting only from the University of Glasgow and during the war years was actively engaged in the pre - entry training of students for the Royal Air Force . By the end of hostilities , some 400 members had entered the service in various aircrew categories though the Squadron did not operate aircraft during this period . Post war changes . In 1946 the RAFVR was re - organised and the squadron was equipped with the de Havilland Tiger Moth and the Miles Magister and flying was carried out initially at the Royal Naval Air Station at Abbotsinch ( HMS Sanderling ) , now Glasgow Airport , but when the airfield was having its runway ' s relaid in 1950 , a move was made to Scone airfield at Perth , some 70 miles away from Glasgow . At the same time the Squadron was re - equipped with the De Havilland Chipmunk . In 1965 when the Royal College of Science and Technology became Strathclyde University the squadron was renamed to its current name to reflect this change . In 1969 the Squadron moved back to the now Glasgow Airport . The Scottish Aviation Bulldog replaced the Chipmunk in 1974 . The modern squadron . More recently students from the University of Stirling , Glasgow School of Art , Glasgow Caledonian University and The University of the West of Scotland have been eligible for Squadron membership and as of 1996 the Squadron became parent to No . 4 Air Experience Flight and in March 2000 the squadron was equipped with its current aircraft , the Grob Tutor . In January 2008 the Squadron was re - organised into two flights – Clydesdale and MacIntyre – named in honour after Lord Clydesdale and David McIntyre , both were prominent aviators in the 1930s in 602 ( City Of Glasgow ) Sqn RAuxAF . The Squadron detaches up to three times a year for a period of three to four weeks at a time – usually to RAF Kinloss – where it undertakes a period of intensive flying and adventure training .
Vickers Vernon The Vickers Vernon was a British biplane cargo aircraft used by the Royal Air Force . It was the first dedicated troop transport of the RAF , entering service in 1921 . The Vernon was a development of the Vickers Vimy Commercial , a passenger variant of the famous Vickers Vimy bomber , and was powered by twin Napier Lion engines . 55 were built . In February 1923 , in Iraq , Vernons of Nos . 45 and 70 Squadrons RAF airlifted nearly 500 troops to Kirkuk , after the civilian area of that town had been overrun by Kurdish forces . This was the first ever strategic airlift of troops . Vernons were replaced by Vickers Victoria s from 1927 .
719th Infantry Division ( Wehrmacht ) German 719th Infantry Division , ( German : " 719 . Infanterie Division " ) was founded in early May 1941 and spent most of World War II stationed in the Netherland s and Antwerp until the Allied invasion of Normandy . The 719th fought in several defensive battles until being destroyed in April 1945 . History . The Division was formed on May 3 , 1941 and was transferred to occupation activity in the Netherlands . Until July 1942 the division was part of the Command of the German Troops in the Netherlands . In July 1942 it was transferred to LXXXVIII Korps , Niederlande Armee , Armeegruppe D . The LXXXVIII Korps was transferred to Armeegruppe B in May 1944 . The division remained there until September 7 , 1944 when it was transferred to Antwerp as part of the LXXXVIII Korps , 1 . Fsch Armee , Armeegruppe B . This move was to prepare for the Allied advance . Within a month , the division was again transferred to LXVII Korps , 15 . Armee , Armeegruppe B , active in the Netherlands . It fought at Fort Merxem , Woensdrecht , Breda before being transferred to the Saarpfalz region in February 1945 . In the Saarpfalz , the division was a part of LXXXV Korps , 1 . Armee , Armeegruppe G . It fought at Œting at Saarlautern and in the Palatinate region before being destroyed . It is possible that the Division zbV 405 a small unit ( zbV , German " zur besonderen Verwendung " indicates a special purpose unit , often very small ) , may have been reformed as 719th Division . If so , this unit would have been too small and unorganized to have had any significance at the end of the war .
1st Armored Division ( France ) The 1st Armored Division ( ) was an armored unit of the French Army . The division fought during World War II as a part of the First French Army and was active during the Cold War . It was disbanded in 1999 , but its honors and traditions are carried on by the 1st Mechanized Brigade . History . World War II . The 1st Armored Division was created 1 May 1943 in Mascara , French Algeria , under the command of Major General Jean Touzet du Vigier . The division landed in Provence on 15 August 1944 , as part of the " Garbo Force " , a part of General de Lattre de Tassigny ' s First French Army . It took part in the liberation of Toulon and Marseille . It was the first to reach the Rhone ( 25 August 1944 ) , the Rhine ( 19 November 1944 ) and the Danube ( 21 April 1945 ) . The division was mentioned in dispatches three times , but was disbanded on 31 March in 1946 . Cold War . The division was recreated in 1948 and stationed in Trier , Germany in 1951 . Post - Cold War . Units of the division took part in the Gulf War , and it sent units to Bosnia under the framework of UNPROFOR from 1992 , as part of the IFOR from 1995 and provided the HQ in Mostar for the Multi - National Division South between August and November 1997 . When the French Army was reorganized in 1999 the division was dissolved and its honors and traditions are carried on by the 1st Mechanized Brigade created on 1 July 1999 .