naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
TAI Hürkuş The TAI Hürkuş " ( Free Bird ) " is a tandem two - seat , low wing , single engine , turboprop aircraft being developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries ( TAI ) as a new basic trainer and ground attack aircraft for the Turkish Armed Forces . The aircraft is named after Vecihi Hürkuş , a Turkish aviation pioneer and the first Turkish airplane manufacturer . Design and development . The TAI Hürkuş Development Program started with an agreement signed between Turkish Undersecretariat for Defense Industries ( Savunma Sanayii Müsteşarlığı ( SSM ) ) and TAI in March 2006 . Under the agreement the company will design , manufacture and complete the civil certification the aircraft to European Aviation Safety Agency CS 23 standards . By June 2012 the Hürkuş program had consumed one million man - hours with the work of 140 engineers . About a quarter of the Turkish engineers who have worked on Hürkuş are female , as well as two of the three project heads . The Hürkuş will be equipped for day and night flying as well as basic pilot training , instrument flying , navigation training , weapons and formation training . The aircraft will have good visibility from both cockpits with a 50 degree down - view angle from the rear cockpit , cabin pressurization ( nominal 4 . 16 psid ) , Martin - Baker Mk T - 16 N 0 / 0 ejection seats , an on - board oxygen generation system ( OBOGS ) , an Environmental Control System ( Vapor Cycle Cooling ) , an anti - G system , high shock absorbing landing gear for training missions , and Hands On Throttle and Stick ( HOTAS ) . Microtecnica of Turin , Italy has been selected to provide the aircraft ' s environmental control system . The Hürkuş has been designed for a 35 - year service life . The Hürkuş development program has been subject to delays . In 2007 it was forecast that the first prototype would fly in late - 2009 with first delivery , upon completion of the certification process , forecast for 2011 . On 27 June 2012 , the Hürkuş was officially rolled out at a ceremony held at TAI ' s Kazan premises . The forecast date for the first flight was then delayed until later in 2012 and actually occurred on 29 August 2013 when the aircraft flew from the Ankara Akıncı Air Base on a 33 - minute flight . The Turkish government has indicated that the aircraft is expected to attract export sales , possibly from Middle Eastern countries , African countries or countries with limited airforce budgets . According to a news report from CNN Türk , Australia and Sweden are interested in the aircraft .
Air Force Medal The Air Force Medal was ( until 1993 ) a military decoration awarded to personnel of the Royal Air Force ( United Kingdom ) and other services , and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries , below commissioned rank , for " an act or acts of valour , courage or devotion to duty whilst flying , though not in active operations against the enemy " . The medal was established on 3 June 1918 . It was the other ranks ' equivalent to the Air Force Cross , which was awarded to commissioned officers and Warrant Officer s ( although WOs could also be awarded the AFM ) , but ranked below it in order of precedence , between the Distinguished Flying Medal and the Queen ' s Gallantry Medal . The AFM was awarded 259 times during WW2 . Recipients of the Air Force Medal are entitled to use the post - nominal letters " AFM " . In 1993 , the AFM was discontinued , and since then the Air Force Cross has been awarded to personnel of all ranks .
Ronald D . Castille Ronald D . Castille ( born March 16 , 1944 ) is the Chief Justice of Pennsylvania . He was the District Attorney of the City of Philadelphia from 1986 until 1991 and is a member of the Republican Party . He is also an amputee ( requiring the use of crutches ) , having lost his right leg to enemy gunfire while serving as a Marine platoon commander during the Vietnam War . In 2012 , Castille , a Republican , cast the deciding vote against the Pennsylvania Legislative Reapportionment Commission ' s redistricting map , siding with his Democratic colleagues . In his opinion , Castille wrote that the map split too many municipalities . He also wrote the unanimous opinion upholding the LRC ' s revised redistricting maps in 2013 . Marine Corps service . Castille received a B . S . in Economics from Auburn University in 1966 . Following graduation was commissioned an officer in the United States Marine Corps in Vietnam where he served as a platoon commander in 2nd Battalion , 7th Marines . On March 16 , 1967 , Castille was conducting a Search and destroy mission with his company in Duc Pho , Quang Ngai Province when they came under attack from a Viet Cong battalion . During the fighting Castille was seriously wounded and fell , unable to move . One of his Marines , Angel Mendez shielded him and then carried him to friendly lines , which were more than seventy - five meters away . During this action Mendez was hit in the shoulder and two of his comrades rushed to help him with Castille but Mendez refused to let go of Castille and chose to act as rear man . Mendez continued to shield his Lieutenant with his own body until he was mortally wounded . For his actions Mendez was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross and promoted to Sergeant . Career . Following his medical retirement from the Marine Corps in 1968 Castille received his J . D . from the University of Virginia School of Law . In 1986 he was elected District Attorney of Philadelphia and served until 1991 . Prior to his election to the Supreme Court , he was in private practice as a civil litigator for Reed Smith Shaw & McClay in Philadelphia . He was elected to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in 1993 . On January 14 , 2008 , Castille was sworn in as Chief Justice of Pennsylvania . Awards and decorations . Among Ron Castille ' s awards and decorations are the following :
3rd Massachusetts Regiment The 3rd Massachusetts Regiment also known as the 24th Continental Regiment , Heath ' s Regiment , and Greaton ' s Regiment , was raised on April 23 , 1775 , under Colonel William Heath outside of Boston , Massachusetts . When Heath was promoted to brigadier general in June 1775 the regiment came under the command of Colonel John Greaton . The regiment would see action at the Battle of Bunker Hill , Battle of Trois - Rivières , Battle of Valcour Island and the Battle of Saratoga . The regiment was disbanded , on November 3 , 1783 , at West Point , New York . Lineage carried on by the U . S . 104th Infantry Regiment .
Hardy Murfree Hardy Murfree ( June 5 , 1752 – April 6 , 1809 ) was a Lieutenant Colonel from North Carolina during the American Revolutionary War . Early life . Murfree was born at Murfree ' s Landing , North Carolina , later renamed Murfreesboro , where he lived for most of his adult life . His parents were William Murfree and Mary Moore . Hardy Murfree ' s first name is sometimes spelled " Hardee " , and some of his descendants spell their last name " Murphrey " or " Murphy " . Military career . Murfree , a lieutenant in the Hertford County militia when the Revolutionary War began , was commissioned on September 1 , 1775 , as a captain in the 2nd North Carolina Regiment of the Continental Army . The regiment was commanded by Colonel Robert Howe , who was later a major general . Murfree saw action at the Battle of Monmouth on June 28 , 1778 , and achieved his greatest renown for leading a successful diversionary attack against British defenses in the Battle of Stony Point on July 15 , 1779 . He was then a major serving under General Anthony Wayne , and was soon thereafter promoted to lieutenant colonel . On July 17 , 1781 , British forces led by Banastre Tarleton and Tarleton ' s Raiders attacked Maney ' s Neck on the Meherrin River near Murfree ' s Landing . Murfree led the militia that repulsed the attack at Skinner ' s Bridge . Family . While home on recruiting duty , Major Murfree married Sally Brickell on February 17 , 1780 . They would have four children : William Hardy Murfree ( 1781 ) , Fanny Noailles Murfree ( 1783 ) , Mary Moore Murfree ( 1786 ) and Matthias Brickell Murfree ( 1788 ) . Their great - granddaughter was the noted Tennessee writer Mary Noailles Murfree ( 1850 – 1922 ) His wife Sally died on March 29 , 1802 . As a young man , Murfree became a member of the North Carolina chapter of the Society of the Cincinnati . He was a Freemason for all of his adult life , active in both North Carolina and Tennessee . Around 1807 he migrated to Williamson County , Tennessee , living on land granted to him after the American Revolution , and remained there until his death in 1809 . In 1811 the Tennessee State Legislature renamed the town of Cannonsburgh to Murfreesboro in his honor .
Otto Vincon Otto Vincon ( 23 January 1906 – 13 April 1945 ) was a highly decorated Major der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was also awarded the very rare Close Combat Clasp in Gold one of only 631 awards
Daniel G . Garnsey Daniel Greene Garnsey ( June 17 , 1779 Columbia County , New York - May 11 , 1851 Gowanda , Cattaraugus County , New York ) was an American politician from New York , Michigan and Illinois . Life . He was the son of Isaac B . Garnsey ( 1758 – 1824 ) and Elizabeth ( Spier ) Garnsey ( 1754 – 1838 ) , born in that part of the Town of Canaan which was separated in 1818 as New Lebanon . On April 26 , 1803 , he married Lucy Hudson ( 1779 – 1870 ) in Troy , and they had eight children . Later he removed to Half Moon . He joined the New York State Militia in 1805 , was Brigade Inspector of Saratoga County from 1810 to 1811 , fought as major in the War of 1812 , and was Brigade Inspector of Chautauqua County in 1817 . He studied law in Norwich , was admitted to the bar in 1811 and practiced in Rensselaer and Saratoga counties . In 1816 , he removed to the area in the Town of Pomfret which became later the Village of Dunkirk . He was Surrogate of Chautauqua County from 1819 to 1821 , and District Attorney from 1818 to 1826 . Garnsey was elected as a Jacksonian to the 19th and 20th United States Congresses , holding office from March 4 , 1825 , to March 3 , 1829 . In 1831 , he removed to Battle Creek , Michigan . He was Postmaster , and Government Superintendent of Public Works near Detroit and Ypsilanti . He served with Gen . Winfield Scott in the Black Hawk War in 1832 . He removed to Rock Island , Illinois . On March 22 , 1841 , he was appointed by President William Henry Harrison as Receiver of Public Moneys at the Land Office in Dixon , Illinois , and served until removed by President John Tyler on August 25 , 1843 . Garnsey died suddenly in Gowanda while traveling from Philadelphia , where he had visited his daughter , to attend at Dunkirk the celebration of the completion of the Erie Railroad , and was buried at the Pine Hill Cemetery in Gowanda .
Rajesh Singh Adhikari Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari ( December 25 , 1970 – May 30 , 1999 ) , Maha Vir Chakra was an Indian Army officer who died during the Kargil War . He was posthumously awarded the second highest Indian military honour , the Maha Vir Chakra for bravery on the battlefield . Early life . Adhikari was brought up in Nainital , a picturesque hill station in northern India . He completed his schooling from St . Joseph ' s College in 1987 , Intermediate from Government Inter College , Nainital and B . Sc . from Kumaon University in the year 1992 . Career . He attended the Indian Military Academy , a premier military academy in India . Major Rajesh Singh was commissioned on 11 December 1993 from the Indian Military Academy . After graduating from the Academy , he joined the 2 Mech . Infantry of the Indian Army . He was posted in 18th Grenadiers at the time of kargil war . During War . When heavy fighting broke out in the Kargil region of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir owing to planned infiltration by militants backed by the Pakistan army , the Indian Army was ordered to clear the heights of those intruders . Many tough battles took place in the region . The Mechanized Infantry ' s Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari , the second army officer to die in the operations against infiltrators , had caused heavy casualties to the intruders and forced them to withdraw before succumbing to injuries in Drass sector . It was one of the most significant battles , the Battle of Tololing , where Rajesh made a valiant sacrifice . On 30 May 1999 , as a part of battalion operations to capture the Tololing feature , Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari , 18 Grenadiers ( 2 Mech . Inf . ) was tasked to secure the initial foothold by capturing its forward spur where the enemy held a strongly fortified advance position . The post was located in a treacherous , mountainous terrain at about 15 , 000 feet and covered with snow . While Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari was leading his team towards the objective , he was fired at from two mutually supporting bunkers with universal machine guns . The officer immediately directed the rocket launcher detachment to engage the bunker and without waiting , rushed into the bunker and killed two intruders in close quarter combat . Thereafter , the officer , displaying presence of mind under heavy fire , ordered his medium machine gun ( MMG ) detachment to fix position behind a rocky feature and engage the enemy . The assault party continued to inch their way up . Despite suffering grievous bullet injuries , Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari continued to direct his sub unit . Refusing to be evacuated , the officer charged at the second bunker and killed one more occupant , thus capturing the second bunker at Tololing which later facilitated capture of Point 4590 . For conspicuous gallantry and supreme sacrifice , Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari was posthumously awarded the second highest Indian Army decoration Maha Vir Chakra for his actions in the battle .
USS Poughkeepsie ( YTB - 813 ) Construction and commissioning . The contract for " Poughkeepsie " was awarded 22 June 1970 . She was laid down down on 16 February 1971 at Sturgeon Bay , Wisconsin , by Peterson Builders and launched 23 July 1971 . Operational history . Delivered to the Navy 27 November 1971 , " Poughkeepsie " was assigned to duties in the San Francisco Bay area . In the mid - 1990s , she was transferred to Naval Station Pearl Harbor , Hawaii . Stricken from the Navy List 26 April 2006 , ex - " Poughkeepsie " was sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service ( DRMS ) 27 February 2008 .
Siege of Akasaka The 1331 siege of Akasaka was a battle of the Genkō War , taking place during the final years of Japan ' s Kamakura period , at Shimo Akasaka - jō ( 下赤坂城 , " lower Akasaka fortress " ) near modern - day Osaka . Shimo Akasaka , a mountain fortress , was built that year , and held by Kusunoki Masashige , a general of Emperor Go - Daigo ' s armies . On several occasions throughout the year , forces of the Hōjō regents attempted to take the fortress . With great ingenuity , Masashige defended the fort . However , after the Hōjō cut the water supply to the fortress , it fell . Kusunoki then built a second " Akasaka " fortress , a short distance away , dubbing it Kami Akasaka - jō ( 上赤坂城 , " upper Akasaka fortress " ) . This too was besieged , and fell , in 1333 .
High Year Tenure High Year of Tenure ( HYT ) is a term used by the United States Armed Forces to describe the maximum number of years a member may serve before he or she must separate or retire . HYT is applicable to enlisted and officers of all five military branches of the United States . HYT dates . Personnel demoted to a lower grade are subject to the HYT date of the lower grade . Extensions to the HYT date can be obtained for various reasons such as personal hardships or base closures . HYT dates vary by rank / rate , as follows :
Commandant ' s Letter of Commendation Ribbon The Commandant ’ s Letter of Commendation Ribbon is a personal military award of the United States Coast Guard . The award was established in March 1979 by Admiral John B . Hayes . Criteria . The Commandant ’ s Letter of Commendation Ribbon is awarded to any member of the Coast Guard who receives a Letter of Commendation from the Commandant of the United States Coast Guard . The decoration is retroactive to August 12 , 1921 which was when the Commandant ’ s Commendation Letter was first issued by Admiral William E . Reynolds . Additional awards of the Commandant ’ s Letter of Commendation Ribbon are denoted by 5 / 16 inch star s . The Commandant ’ s Letter of Commendation Ribbon with the Operational Distinguishing Device may be authorized for operational and field condition achievements . The Commandant ’ s Letter of Commendation Ribbon is below the Coast Guard Achievement Medal in order of precedence .
MV Stirling Castle RMMV " Stirling Castle " was an ocean liner of the Union - Castle Line in service from the 1930s to the 1960s , primarily on the Southampton to Cape Town route . Named after Stirling Castle in Scotland , she was built by Harland and Wolff in Belfast , and launched in July 1935 . Propulsion . Her two Burmeister & Wain engines were built by Harland and Wolff under licence , and were the largest marine oil engines constructed in Britain until then . Each driving a single screw , they were were double - acting 10 - cylinder marine two - stroke diesel s developing 24 , 000 hp with bore x stroke x . Each engine was high from the centre of the crankshaft , long and weighed . Service . She left Southampton on her maiden voyage on 7 February 1936 . In August of that year , " Stirling Castle " set a new record for the route , reaching Table Bay in 13 days 9 hours , beating the previous record of 14 days , 18 hours , and 57 minutes set by in 1893 . During World War II , " Stirling Castle " was used as a troopship , returning to passenger service in 1946 . She was broken up in Japan in 1966 .
John H . Cassady John Howard Cassady ( April 3 , 1896 – January 25 , 1969 ) was an admiral in the United States Navy . He was Commander in Chief , U . S . Naval Forces , Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean from 1954 to 1956 . Prior to his assignment , Cassady had served as Deputy Chief of Naval Operations ( Air ) from January 1950 to May 1952 , Commander of USS " Saratoga " during World War II and Commander of Sixth Fleet from 1952 to 1954 . He died in 1969 in Boca Raton , Florida .
Battle of Sarakhs ( 1459 ) Battle of Sarakhs took place in March of 1459 , at a location between Merv and Sarakhs . It was fought between the Timurids of Samarkand under Abu Sa ' id Mirza and the confederacy of his rivals to Central Asian throne , the Timurids of Khurasan and Marv , namely ; Ala - ud - Daulah Mirza bin Baysonqor , his son Ibrahim Mirza bin Ala - ud - Daulah and Sultan Sanjar Mirza . Background . Recognizing the weakness of Timurid authority in Herat , Jahan Shah of Kara Koyunlu invaded & took the city on June 28 , 1458 , which was then occupied by Ibrahim Mirza bin Ala - ud - Daulah ' s father Ala - ud - Daulah Mirza bin Baysonqor . But Abu Sa ' id Mirza could not tolerate this occupation . After Jahan Shah had taken Herat he was in a tough position and unable to keep it due to pressures from within his kingdom of Kara Koyunlu plus the increasing threat from Uzun Hasan of Aq Qoyunlu . He was obliged to negotiate the borders of his state with Abu Sa ' id Mirza and after negotiations Jahan Shah decided to return territorial demarcation to Shahrukh Mirza ' s times . Thus , Khurasan , Mazandaran and Jurjan were returned to the Timurids and Abu Sa ' id Mirza returned and took Herat a second time on December 22 , 1458 . While leaving the territory , however , the Turkmens ravaged Khurasan and when Abu Sa ' id Mirza arrived to take Herat the people were frightened . So in order to ease their fears , he sent back the major portion of his army towards Bukhara . His rival claimants to the Kingdom of Samarkand , namely , Ala - ud - Daulah Mirza bin Baysonqor , his son Ibrahim Mirza bin Ala - ud - Daulah and Sultan Sanjar Mirza seeing his position weakened decided to form an alliance and take this opportunity to destroy him once and for all . They planned to meet at Sarakhs and from there move forward to attack Herat . When Abu Sa ' id Mirza received intelligence of this advance , he set out to meet this threat head on despite being numerically outnumbered and sent for reinforcements . Battle . The battle of Sarakhs was fought when the vanguard of Ala - ud - Daulah Mirza bin Baysonqor , Ibrahim Mirza bin Ala - ud - Daulah and Sultan Sanjar Mirza appeared between Marv and Sarakhs . Battle lines were drawn and a pitched battle ensued . Reinforcements arrived for Abu Sa ' id Mirza at the right time under Amir Ali Farsi and Amir Syed Asil with the help of whom he defeated his enemies . Amir Ali Farsi and Amir Syed Asil were sent in pursuit of Ala - ud - Daulah Mirza bin Baysonqor and Ibrahim Mirza bin Ala - ud - Daulah , who had fled to Mazniyan whereas Sultan Sanjar Mirza was captured and was executed . Ibrahim Mirza bin Ala - ud - Daulah died in 1460 and Ala - ud - Daulah Mirza bin Baysonqor died in 1461 , ending all opposition to a sole Timurid ruler in Transoxiana .
Renatus Profuturus Frigeridus Renatus Profuturus Frigeridus was a fifth - century historian . He wrote a historical work of twelve volumes . It exists today only in fragments , but some passages have survived in chapters eight and nine of the second book of Gregory of Tours ' " Decem libri historiarum " ( Ten Books of Histories ) . Gregory likewise preserves parts of the late fourth - century historian Sulpicius Alexander .
Italian ship Piero Foscari Piero Foscari was an Italian merchant ship and then auxiliary cruiser of the " Regia Marina " . Built in 1928 for the " Società Anonima di Navigazione Adriatica " , it was originally a motor ship of 3 , 423 tons . " Foscari " served as a transport ship for the " Regia Marina " from 18 to 25 August 1940 , and in 1941 was converted into an auxiliary cruiser to act as convoy escort . On 18 December 1942 , while travelling from Naples to Civitavecchia , she was damaged by the torpedoes of the British minelaying submarine . After the Armistice with Italy of 9 September 1943 , while en route from Genoa to escort the merchant ship " Valverde " , she was shelled by coastal artillery and attacked by three German patrol boat s and the minelayers " Pommern " and " Brandenburg " . " Foscari " took refuge at Castiglioncello , where she was sunk at 17 : 30 the following day in another attack by German units .