naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Alexander Alderman Semmes Alexander Alderman Semmes ( 1825 – September 22 , 1885 ) was a career United States Navy officer , who served with distinction in the American Civil War . He was a cousin of Confederate naval hero Raphael Semmes , and also of Confederate general Paul Jones Semmes . Naval career . Semmes became a midshipman on October 27 , 1841 . He attended the United States Naval Academy and became a passed midshipman on August 10 , 1847 . He was promoted to master on September 14 , 1855 , and to lieutenant the next day , September 15 , 1855 . He became a lieutenant commander on July 16 , 1862 , and commander on July 25 , 1866 . He attained the rank of captain on August 24 , 1873 , and was promoted to commodore on March 10 , 1882 . Civil War service . Semmes served on the side - wheel steamship as a lieutenant during the first year of the war , during which time the vessel captured of the Confederate schooner " Aristides " off Charlotte harbor . In March 1862 , he was given command of the screw steamer , and participated in the Battle of the Riceboro River . Semmes was promoted to lieutenant commander in July , and given command of the new screw propeller gunboat on October 17 , 1862 . Serving in the East Gulf Blockade Squadron commanded by Admiral Cornelius Stribling , he was able to make seven captures off the west coast of Florida , as well as launching an expeditionary attack at Tampa Bay and engaging the shore batteries at Gadsden Point in April 1863 . In August 1864 , he became commander of the " Passaic " - class monitor , participating in the bombardment of Fort Pringle , and in the operations at Charleston until that city surrendered . He co - operated with Grant ' s army , fought the Howlett ' s House batteries , and was present at the fall of Richmond in 1865 . Postwar service . Semmes was made captain of the " man of war " , and in around December 1875 was ordered by Grant to Cape Palmas , Liberia , in a show of force to stop the Grebo - Liberian War . Semmes pulled into Cape Palmas on 3 February 1876 . In 1880 , Semmes was made the third president of the Board of Inspection and Survey , which had been formed in 1868 . He served as the board ' s president until June 1883 . At the time of his death , he commanded the Washington Navy Yard . Personal life . Semmes married Mary Dorsey of Baltimore , Maryland in 1864 . He died in 1885 at the age of 60 .
1st Naval Armaments Supplement Programme The , otherwise known as the " Circle One " plan was the first of four expansion plans of the Imperial Japanese Navy between 1930 and the start of World War II . Background . The London Naval Treaty placed severe restrictions on Japan ' s naval capabilities vis - a - vis the United States Navy and the British Royal Navy in terms of tonnage and numbers of capital warship s . The respose of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff was to initiate a construction program to build new warships to the allotted tonnage limits in each of the restricted categories , and to invest in types of warships and weaponry not specifically covered by the provisions of the treaty . The " Circle One " plan was submitted by the Naval Ministry and approved by the Cabinet in November 1930 , and officially ratified by the Diet of Japan in 1931 . It called for the construction of 39 new combat vessels , centering around four of the new " Mogami " - class cruiser s , and expansion of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service to 14 Naval Air Groups . Budget for the construction of the warships was on a six - year basis , and the budget for forming the air groups was on a three - year basis . Total funding allotted was 247 , 080 , 000 Yen for ship construction and 44 , 956 , 000 Yen for naval aviation expansion . In terms of naval aviation development , the " Circle One " plan also concentrated on the development of new aircraft technologies , especially large seaplane s , land - based bomber s , as well as carrier - based attack aircraft and floatplane attack aircraft that could be launched from battleship s , cruisers or submarines . Attention was also given to training of pilots and air crews in dive bombing and torpedo tactics . In a 1932 supplement to the Circle One plan , additional funding was added for the construction of three more vessels : the submarine tender " Taigei " , and two submarine chaser s .
Brodie Haig General Sir Arthur Brodie Haig , KCB , MC ( 1886 – 1957 ) was a British officer in the Indian Army . Military career . Haig was commissioned on the unattached list for the British Indian Army on 18 January 1905 . He was appointed to the Indian Army and the 24th Punjabis on the 19 March 1906 and promoted Captain on 18 January 1914 . During the First World War he served in Egypt from 18 November 1914 to 22 March 1915 and Mesopotamia from 7 April 1915 to 29 April 1916 when he was taken prisoner of war at the fall of Kut . During this time he was wounded ( on 14 April 1915 at the battle of Shaiba ) , was mentioned in dispatches twice and was awarded the Military Cross and bar . The bar to his Military Cross was for successfully escaping from his Prisoner of war camp in August 1918 . He was appointed commanding officer of the 4th Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment in 1930 . He became commander of the 7th Dehra Dun Brigade in 1933 , Deputy Adjutant & Quartermaster - General Eastern Command , India in 1936 and Commandant of the Staff College Quetta in 1937 . He served in World War II as Quartermaster - General at Army Headquarters India from 1940 , Adjutant - General , India from later that year and General Officer Commanding in Chief Southern Command , India from October 1941 before retiring in 1942 . References .
Lloyd Carpenter Griscom Lloyd Carpenter Griscom ( November 4 , 1872 – 1959 ) was an American diplomat . Biography . He was born on November 4 , 1872 at Riverton , New Jersey to Clement Griscom . He graduated in 1891 from the University of Pennsylvania and studied law there and then at the New York Law School . In 1893 - 1994 he was in England as secretary to Ambassador Thomas Bayard ; in 1897 he was deputy district attorney of New York ; and during the Spanish - American War he served as captain and assistant quartermaster . After a short period as Secretary of Legation and chargé d ' affaires at Constantinople , he became Minister to Persia in 1901 . He held the corresponding post in Japan ( 1902 – 1906 ) and was ambassador to Brazil ( 1906 – 1907 ) and to Italy ( 1907 – 1909 ) . In 1911 he became a member of the law firm of Beekman , Menken , and Griscom , New York City , and was thereafter active in local Republican politics . He contributed numerous articles to the Philadelphia " Sunday Press " on travel in Central America . In 1917 he was appointed a major in the department of the Adjutant - General of the United States army and afterwards became Assistant Adjutant - General . Griscom ' s primary significance was as an advocate for globalized free trade as a means to promote peaceful development in accordance with his Quaker faith . In the Middle East he worked for better relations between Muslims and Christians , and he played a major role in the relief effort in Italy after the Messina earthquake took 50 , 000 lives . Prior to the death of Secretary of State John Hay in 1905 , Griscom was offered the post of First Assistant Secretary of State . The appointement of Elihu Root to succeed Hay nullified Griscom ' s appointment to the State Department position . Following his retirement from public service , he bought and became the publisher of several Long Island newspapers , including the " East Norwich Enterprise , " the " North Hempstead Record , " and the " Nassau Daily Star " .
15 cm Mörser M 80 The 15 cm Mörser M 80 was a heavy howitzer used by Austria - Hungary in World War I . It had a bronze barrel and was intended for siege work , although it had carriages suitable for both field and siege duties . The siege carriage was a steel sledge - type and was equipped with a hydraulic braking device to help absorb the recoil forces . Two wheels could be attached to the front of the carriage and a limber attached to the rear for transport . The field carriage relied on chock blocks and a rope brake device to absorb the gun ' s recoil . The howitzer could only be loaded at low elevations .
32 Combat Engineer Regiment 32 Combat Engineer Regiment ( 32 CER ) is the Primary Reserve ( Militia ) unit of the Canadian Military Engineers in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . It is assigned to 32 Canadian Brigade Group , part of 4th Canadian Division . The unit parades Friday evenings at the Denison Armoury . It was formerly known as the 2nd Field Engineer Regiment ( 2 FER ) before being renamed in 2006 . Unit history . Militia Order No . 1 dated 14 January 1876 authorized the formation of the Toronto Engineer Company . This name was changed in October of the same year to the 2nd Military District Engineer Company , although it continued to be known by the original name . The establishment of the company called for two officers and 39 other ranks , however at the time of formation the actual strength was five officers and seventy other ranks which included a band of 18 . The company ' s first Commanding Officer was Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Clarkson Scoble . With no established engineer stores and no trained instructors , his problems were numerous . Lt Col Scoble located a retired Non - Commissioned Officer ( NCO ) of the Royal Engineers living in Toronto , persuaded him to become the Training NCO of the Engineer Company , and then paid from his own pocket for the supplies and equipment necessary to train his men as Sappers . Members of the regiment have long been innovators . In 1909 Lieutenants J . A . D . “ Jack ” McCurdy and Frederick W . “ Casey ” Baldwin made Canada ' s first powered flight in the ‘ Silver Dart ’ at Baddeck , Nova Scotia and conducted the first military aircraft demonstration at Petawawa , Ontario later that same year . 32 Combat Engineer Regiment perpetuates the 2nd Field Company , 1st Canadian Divisional Engineers of the First World War ' s Canadian Corps . Sappers from the regiment also went overseas in 1918 as a key part of the 4000 man Canadian Contingent sent to open a new front in Siberia . Again deployed during World War II as part of the Divisional Engineers of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division , they took part in the Dieppe Raid in 1942 . Thereafter the component companies of the regiment distinguished themselves fighting throughout the European Campaign following the D - Day invasion in Normandy . After the war , the unit was re - designated 2nd Field Engineer Regiment . As a unit of Military District No . 2 , it retained the role of being the engineers of the 2nd Infantry Division , the headquarters of which was also the responsibility of Military District No . 2 to form on mobilization . As 2 FER , the regiment was called out in 1954 to provide disaster relief and aid to the Greater Toronto Area in the aftermath of Hurricane Hazel . Thirty years later , 2 FER became the one and only unit to ever receive the Freedoms of all six Cities and the Borough that now form Metropolitan Toronto . On November 23 , 2006 , by order of the Honourable Gordon O ’ Connor Minister of National Defence the 2nd Field Engineer Regiment became 32 Combat Engineer Regiment . Organization . There are currently two Field Squadrons , and a Regimental Headquarters in 32 CER :
Sherman Army Airfield ( California ) Sherman Army Airfield is a former World War II airfield located in Pleasant Hill , California . History . The airfield was named after Dr . Samuel R . Sherman , who helped to provide the financing for the airfield . The field had two runways in an X - shape , with two hangars . The PAA started in 1942 for navigation and instrument flight training with two Stinson Reliants and a Waco VKS - 7 . Use of the field by the PAA for navigation and instrument flight training ended in 1944 . Interstate 680 has been built through the center of the former airport and not a trace of the former airport appears to remain . Houses have been built on the former property and a drive - in movie theatre once occupied the western end of the field but it is now a shopping center . Sherman Field was located northeast of the intersection of Contra Costa Boulevard and Monument Boulevard .
Gervaise of Bazoches Gervaise of Bazoches ( died May 1108 ) , Prince of Galilee and Lord of Tiberias , was a crusader on the First Crusade . Before the crusade , he was the advocate of Mont - Notre - Dame and brother of Hugh , lord of Bazoches - sur - Vesles . In the Holy Land , he was an officer of Baldwin I of Jerusalem , who conferred Galilee on him after the death of Hugh of Saint Omer . In May 1108 , his troop of eighty knights and two hundred infantrymen was defeated by Toghtekin , atabeg of Damascus , and Gervaise was taken prisoner , like his predecessor . Tughtikin proposed the cities of Acre , Haifa , and Tiberias as a suitable ransom , Baldwin refused and offered an amount of silver . Gervaise was subsequently executed , also like his predecessor .
Fanjunkare Fanjunkare ( previously " Styckjunkare " in the Artillery ) , is a Swedish military rank above Förste Sergeant and below Förvaltare . The word ' Fanjunkare ' is derived from German ' Fahnenjunker ' , and denotes a standard - bearer , hence ' Colour Sergeant ' . ' Styckjunkare ' comes from German ' Stückjunker ' , and denotes a gentleman of ordnance , hence ' Master Gunner ' . History . 1806 . Established as a brevet rank for non - commissioned officer s . 1833 . Became the highest non - commissioned rank in the Swedish allotment army . 1837 . Became the highest non - commissioned rank in the Swedish enlisted army . 1925 . " Fanjunkare " was given relative rank above " Fänrik " ( Second Lieutenant ) and below " Löjtnant " ( Lieutenant ) but remained in the NCO Corps . 1960 . The rise of the status of the professional rank : Holders of the rank served as platoon and company leaders in the war - time organization and as deputy leaders or leaders of conscript training platoons during peace time , thus having the same positions as company grade officers . However other non - professional holders of the rank kept their much lower positions as company sergeant majors , etc . This major discrepancy caused a great deal of confusion . Change of personnel structure 1972 . Prior to 1972 , military personnel were divided into three categories " Underbefäl " ( non - commissioned officers ) , " Underofficerare " ( warrant officers ) and " Officerare " ( commissioned officers ) . The " Underbefäl " category was split into two categories The " Underofficer " category was renamed kompaniofficerare : The " Officer " category was renamed regementsofficerare : Change of personnel structure 1983 . All three corps were merged into one professional officer corps with the lowest rank set to fänrik . Furir , överfurir , sergeant and fanjunkare were removed as a professional ranks . Fanjunkare were given the rank of löjtnant , and sergeant fänrik . New two - career - path system 2009 . After the implementation of two - career - paths systems for officers 2008 , this rank may again become a professional rank within the newly created “ specialist officer ” category . The intention of the new system is to better align Swedish military forces with that of Netherlands , Denmark , Norway and Britain as well as increasing the skills of leaders of team , squad , platoon level units . It is a partly rollback to the system that existed prior the implementation of the one career path system 1983 .
Swiss Civilian Service Civilian service is a Swiss institution , created in 1996 as an alternative to military service . Any man who is unable to do compulsory military service for reasons of conscience can submit an application to be allowed to do substitute civilian service instead . The applicant is then forced to attend a hearing where he is to explain his reasons for refusal . After this hearing , the application is approved should the applicant be found to be unable to be a member of a military service due to the demands of his conscience . In most cases ( 85 - 90 % ) , assignment to the civilian service is granted . If one is unfit to serve in the military because of physical or psychological impairments , he is also deemed unfit for civilian service , even if the impairments do not render the individual unable to fulfill a specific task related to the civilian service . This is true , for example , for a disabled person in a wheelchair who is perfectly able to work in the administration of a nursing home . Unless they have a very severe handicap , men excused or declared unfit to serve in the military are forced to pay a substitute fee of about 3 % of their yearly income until the age of 42 , when military service men are normally released from further service . In 2005 , the Swiss parliament ( see Swiss politics ) began to discuss if the " state of conscience hearings " should be abolished and if the willingness to serve a longer time ( see below ) should be the only criteria , citing the large administrative costs for judging the cases of just a few thousand applicants per year . Once part of the civilian service program , one has to work 50 % longer than the total normal cumulative military service period . Full cumulative military service for normal soldiers is currently 260 days , while full civilian service is 390 days . Many non - profit organizations are licensed to employ civilian service workers . Unlike the Civilian Service in Germany , where the servants do their work mainly in hospitals and healthcare sites , Swiss ones can apply for work in a broad variety of opportunities : Civilian service men must have the appropriate skills for each type of assignment - for example , because there are only very few job vacancies in development aid . A big difference between civilian and military service is that civilian service participant can greatly profit from his substitute service - in terms of work experience - to achieve a better position after the service , although it is formally not allowed to do civilian service with , for example , the goal of passing an exam in mind . So , during civilian service in a research institute one must not write personal academic papers to be submitted at a later time . There are still issues with how to handle Swiss living abroad who have already passed recruitment and are already members of the Swiss militia army . In this case they are not exempt from military service or civilian service , and every step of the application process requires their presence in Switzerland .
HMCS St . Julien HMCS " St Julien " was one of twelve Battle class naval trawlers used by the Royal Canadian Navy ( RCN ) . Named after the Battle of St . Julien , she was built by Polson Iron Works , in Toronto , Ontario , and was commissioned on 13 November 1917 . Decommissioned in 1920 , she was turned over to the Department of Marine and Fisheries , and like sister ships , , and was converted to a lightship , eventually being designated Lightship No . 22 . Sold in 1958 , and renamed " Centennial " , she was still in existence as of 1978 .
Parker F . Dunn Parker F . Dunn ( August 8 , 1890 - October 23 , 1918 ) was an American soldier serving in the United States Army during World War I who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Dunn was born in Albany , New York and after enlisting in the United States Army was sent to France to fight in World War I . He died on October 23 , 1918 and is buried in St . Agnes Cemetery , Menands New York . His grave can be located in section 16 , lot 69 . The Dunn Memorial Bridge , current bridge of that name built in 1969 , is named in his honor . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private First Class , U . S . Army , Company A , 312th Infantry , 78th Division . Place and date : Near Grand - Pre , France , 23 October 1918 . Entered service at : Albany , N . Y . Birth : Albany , N . Y . G . O . No . : 49 , W . D . , 1922 . Citation : When his battalion commander found it necessary to send a message to a company in the attacking line and hesitated to order a runner to make the trip because of the extreme danger involved , Pfc . Dunn , a member of the intelligence section , volunteered for the mission . After advancing but a short distance across a field swept by artillery and machinegun fire , he was wounded , but continued on and fell wounded a second time . Still undaunted , he persistently attempted to carry out his mission until he was killed by a machinegun bullet before reaching the advance line .
Ibn Sina Hospital Ibn Sina Hospital is a hospital in Baghdad , Iraq which was built by four Iraqi doctors – Modafar Al Shather , Kadim Shubar , Kasim Abdul Majeed and Clement Serkis – in the mid - 1960s . It was purchased for a fraction of its true value by the Iraqi government for use by Saddam Hussein , his family and the Baath Party elite . Uday Hussein was hospitalized there after being wounded in a failed assassination attempt in the mid - 1990s . The hospital is situated in Baghdad ' s International Zone and was run by the United States Armed Forces from shortly after the downfall of Saddam Hussein in 2003 until 30 September 2009 . The hospital was staffed mainly by the US Army and its rotating Combat Support Hospital units as an emergency facility for critically wounded soldiers and civilians , including suspected and confessed insurgents . During the period of US administration of the Ibn Sina , the emergency room saw an average of 300 trauma cases per month . On 1 October 2009 , the hospital was officially handed back to the Government of Iraq as part of the US military drawdown from Baghdad . The Ibn Sina was made famous through the widely viewed HBO documentary " Baghdad ER " , which featured the 86th Combat Support Hospital based out of Fort Campbell , KY home of the 101st Airborne Division ( Air Assault ) , and was one of several Army hospital units to staff the hospital .
James Benson ( Medal of Honor ) James Benson ( 1845 – August 4 , 1890 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Biography . A native of Denmark , Benson joined the U . S . Navy from Yokohama , Japan . By June 20 , 1872 , he was serving as a seaman on the . On that day , he jumped overboard and attempted to rescue Landsman John K . Smith from drowning . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on October 10 . Benson ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Ossipee " , 20 June 1872 . Risking his life , Benson leaped into the sea while the ship was going at a speed of 4 knots and endeavored to save John K . Smith , landsman , of the same vessel , from drowning . Benson left the Navy while still a seaman . He died on August 4 , 1890 , at age 44 or 45 and was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in Everett , Massachusetts .
Royal Field Artillery The Royal Field Artillery ( RFA ) of the British Army provided artillery support for the British Army . It came into being when the Royal Artillery was divided on 1 July 1899 , it was reamalgamated back into the Royal Artillery in 1924 . The Royal Field Artillery was the largest arm of the artillery . It was responsible for the medium calibre guns and howitzer s deployed close to the front line and was reasonably mobile . It was organised into brigades , attached to divisions or higher formations .
20th Bombardment Wing The 20th Bombardment Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the Eighth Air Force , based at MacDill Field , Florida . It was inactivated on 10 November 1946 . History . Prewar bombardment wing in the northwest . Moved to England , May – June 1943 , for duty with Eighth Air Force . Received its first groups in November 1943 and served in combat in the European theater from December 1943 until April 1945 . Returned to the US in August 1945 and prepared for B - 29 Superfortress operations , although had no combat components assigned . Reassigned to Strategic Air Command postwar Eighth Air Force in May 1946 and elevated to VIII Bombardment Command . Inactivated before becoming operational in November 1946 .