naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert Komer Robert William " Blowtorch Bob " Komer ( February 23 , 1922 - April 9 , 2000 ) was a key figure in the pacification effort to win South Vietnam ese " hearts and minds " during the Vietnam War , heading Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support . Biography . Born in Chicago , Illinois but raised in Saint Louis , Komer graduated from Harvard University , served in World War II and joined the Central Intelligence Agency in its infancy in 1947 . Komer served on the staff of the National Security Council , which was led by McGeorge Bundy . After Bundy ' s departure , Komer briefly succeeded Bundy as interim National Security Advisor , before he was assigned to the Vietnam pacification campaign . Komer arrived in South Vietnam in May 1967 as the first head of the newly created Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support program , the most controversial aspect of which was the Phoenix program , which William Colby later testified resulted in 20 , 587 deaths . CORDS was an agency with a staff of both civilians and military personnel , but it fell under the authority of the Military Assistance Command , Vietnam . President Lyndon Johnson had sent Komer to South Vietnam to provide impetus to the nation - building efforts of the new organization . Komer was known for his brusque management style , which had endeared him to the president and earned him the nickname " blowtorch Bob " from U . S . ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr . . As head of CORDS , he commanded all pacification personnel in South Vietnam . However , the problems CORDS faced were intractable and the results of Komer ' s work ambiguous . In a revealing discussion with military historians , Komer said " everybody and nobody " was responsible for counter - insurgency against the communist Vietcong guerrillas . He said it " fell between stools which accounted for the prolonged failure to push things on a large scale even though many correctly analyzed the need " . Komer focused his work on the expansion of village militias loyal to the South Vietnamese government , believing they could provide local security against guerrillas . On December 23 , 1967 , he was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson . Komer left South Vietnam in 1968 upon being appointed ambassador to Turkey , and he was succeeded as head of CORDS by William E . Colby , who would later become head of the CIA . Komer also later worked as a consultant at the Rand Corporation and in the Jimmy Carter administration as the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy . Ambassador Komer has left a special mark in Turkish history : on January 6 , 1969 , at the beginning of his tenure as the US ambassador to Turkey , his car was set on fire in Middle East Technical University by a group of students who then formed the core of the Marx ist - Lenin ist movement in Turkey under the banner of Dev - Genç . Komer was visiting the campus at the invitation of university president Kemal Kurdas , who relied on American donors to finance the building of the modern campus .
128th Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 128th Infantry Brigade was a 1st Line Territorial Army brigade of the British Army during the Second World War . The brigade was initially part of the 43rd ( Wessex ) Infantry Division before being transferred to the 46th ( West Riding ) Infantry Division in 1942 . With this division the brigade served in the North African Campaign and the Italian Campaign from 1943 to 1945 . The brigade fought in many battles including Salerno , Naples and at the Gothic Line . It ended the war in Austria .
Coconut War The Coconut War was a brief clash between Papua New Guinean soldiers and rebels in Espiritu Santo shortly before and after the independence of the Republic of Vanuatu was declared on 30 July 1980 . Background . Prior to Vanuatu ' s independence , the islands were known as the New Hebrides . The New Hebrides were governed by a condominium of France and the United Kingdom . In 1980 , France and the United Kingdom agreed that Vanuatu would be granted independence on 30 July 1980 . Beginning in June 1980 , Jimmy Stevens , head of the Nagriamel movement , led an uprising against the colonial officials and the plans for independence . The uprising lasted about 12 weeks . The rebels blockaded Santo - Pekoa International Airport , destroyed two bridges , and declared the independence of Espiritu Santo island as the " State of Vemerana " . Stevens was supported by French - speaking landowners and by the Phoenix Foundation , an American business foundation that supported the establishment of a libertarian tax haven in the New Hebrides . Confrontation . On 8 June 1980 , the New Hebrides government asked Britain and France to send troops to put down a rebellion on the island of Espiritu Santo . France refused to allow the United Kingdom to deploy troops to defuse the crisis , and French soldiers stationed on Espiritu Santo took no action . As independence day neared , the Prime Minister - elect , Walter Lini , asked Papua New Guinea if it would send troops to intervene . As Papua New Guinean soldiers began arriving in Espiritu Santo , the foreign press began referring to the ongoing events as the " Coconut War " . However , the " war " was brief and unconventional . The residents of Espiritu Santo generally welcomed the Papua New Guineans as fellow Melanesians . Stevens ' followers were armed with only bows and arrows , rocks , and slings . There were few casualties , and the war came to a sudden end : when a vehicle carrying Stevens ' son burst through a Papua New Guinean roadblock in late August 1980 , the soldiers opened fire on the vehicle , killing Stevens ' son . Shortly thereafter , Jimmy Stevens surrendered , stating that he had never intended that anyone be harmed . At Stevens ' trial , the support of the Phoenix Foundation to the Nagriamel movement was revealed . It was also revealed that the French government had secretly supported Stevens in his efforts . Stevens was sentenced to 14 years ' imprisonment ; he remained in prison until 1991 . External links .
German submarine U - 355 German submarine " U - 355 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down in May 1940 at the Flensburger Schiffbau - Gesellschaft yard at Flensburg , launched in July 1941 , and commissioned in October under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Günter La Baume . After training with the " 5th U - boat Flotilla " , " U - 355 " was transferred to the " 11th U - boat Flotilla " , based at Bergen in Norway , for front - line service from 1 July 1942 . The boat went missing on 1 April 1944 while on patrol , and was never heard from again . Construction and Design . " U - 355 " was ordered by the " Kriegsmarine " on 26 October 1939 . She was laid down about six months later at the Flensburger Schiffbau - Gesellschaft yard at Flensburg , on 4 May 1940 . Just over a year and a month later , " U - 355 " was launched on 5 July 1941 . She was formally commissioned later that year on 29 October 1941 . " U - 355 " carried 5 × torpedo tube s ( four located in the bow , one in the stern ) and had one C35 88mm / L45 deck gun with 220 rounds . She could also carry 14 G7e torpedo es or 26 TMA mines and had a crew of 44 - 52 men . Service history . Patrols . " U - 355 " sailed from Kiel on 1 June 1942 , arriving at Skjomen fjord , near Narvik , six days later . She sailed on her first combat patrol ten days later , on 16 June , and headed out into the Barents Sea . There , on 7 July 1942 , she sank the 5 , 082 ton British merchant ship , dispersed from Convoy PQ 17 , " en route " to Arkhangelsk , carrying six vehicles , 36 tanks , seven aircraft and 2 , 409 tons of military stores . The ship , hit by three torpedoes , sank within 10 minutes around 17 miles west of Novaya Zemlya . Of the crew , 29 men , seven gunners , and two naval signalmen were killed . The master and 12 men landed at Pomorski Bay , Novaya Zemlya . Another seven survivors took shelter on the American merchant ship , ( also of PQ 17 ) , which had run aground and been abandoned on North Gusini Shoal , Novaya Zemlya , and were later rescued by a Soviet survey ship . The U - boat returned to Narvik on 12 July after 27 days at sea . This was " U - 355 " s only success despite sailing on another eight patrols operating against the Arctic convoys between July 1942 and April 1944 , totaling 187 days at sea . Loss . On 1 April 1944 , during her ninth patrol , " U - 355 " reported from approximate position while in pursuit of Convoy JW 58 . She was never heard from again , and was listed as missing , together with 52 hands on board , on 4 April 1944 . Post - war analysis led the Admiralty to credit her destruction to and aircraft from . Other sources dispute this , claiming " U - 355 " was lost due to an unknown cause .
HMS Whirlwind ( R87 ) The second HMS " Whirlwind " ( R87 ) was an W - class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during World War II and the Cold War . " Whirlwind " was built by Hawthorn Leslie and was launched on 30 August 1943 . In 1953 she was converted into a Type 15 fast anti - submarine frigate , with the new pennant number F187 . In 1954 she participated in the recovery of the wreckage of the crashed de Havilland Comet off the island of Elba . " Whirlwind " foundered in Cardigan Bay on 29 October 1974 while in use as a target .
BL 7 . 5 - inch naval howitzer The BL 7 . 5 - inch howitzer ( naval ) was a British anti - submarine mortar developed during World War I . History . The weapon was developed together with other similar devices early in 1917 and went into service in June 1917 in response to . It was mounted on merchant ships and patrol vessels . By 10 December that year , 377 were in service . The shell was fired at the submarine either on the surface or submerged - hence it had attributes of both armour - piercing shell and depth charge . It was designed to first penetrate the submarine ' s outer hull without breaking up , and then detonate against the inner hull after a 2 - second delay , destroying the submarine . Writing a few years after the gun had gone into service , Admiral Jellicoe commented : " This weapon , although not very popular at first , soon , however , proved its value , when employed both from patrol craft and from merchant ships . " Two were mounted on HMS " Vindictive " and used to bombard German defences during her participation in the Zeebrugge raid of 23 April 1918 .
W . Thomas West Walter Thomas West ( born May 14 , 1943 ) was a Major General in the U . S . Air Force . His last post was to serve as the Commander of the 19th Air Force , Air Education and Training Command at Randolph Air Force Base in Texas . Prior to that position he served Deputy Director for operations for the U . S . Pacific Command , and as Commander of the 57th Fighter Weapons Wing at Nellis Air Force Base in Nevada .
Clarence John Brown Clarence John Brown was a Vice Admiral in the United States Navy . Biography . Brown was born January 15 , 1895 , in Plum City , Wisconsin . He would graduate from the University of Wisconsin - Madison and marry Augusta Duwe . Brown died on August 28 , 1973 . He is buried with Augusta at Arlington National Cemetery . Career . Brown was commissioned in the Medical Corps in 1917 . His assignments included serving at Naval Base Guam . During World War II he would serve at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base , Naval Hospital Philadelphia , and with the United States Twelfth Fleet . Following the war he was named Deputy Chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery . Awards he received include the Navy Distinguished Service Medal and the Legion of Merit .
Denis Smallwood Air Chief Marshal Sir Denis Graham Smallwood ( 13 August 1918 – 26 July 1997 ) was a senior Royal Air Force commander . RAF career . Educated at King Edward VI School in Birmingham , Smallwood joined the Royal Air Force in 1938 . He took part in World War II and in November 1941 he was appointed Officer Commanding of No . 87 Squadron flying Hurricanes . In 1948 he became Officer Commanding No . 33 Squadron and in 1959 he joined the Directing Staff at the Joint Staff Services College before becoming Station Commander at RAF Biggin Hill in 1953 . He became Group Captain , Plans for the Air Task Force in 1956 and then Officer Commanding RAF North Coates in 1959 before becoming Commandant of the College of Air Warfare in 1961 . In 1963 he was made Assistant Chief of the Air Staff ( Operations ) and in 1965 he was appointed Air Officer Commanding No . 3 Group . He went on to be Senior Air Staff Officer at Headquarters , Bomber Command in 1967 , Senior Air Staff Officer at Headquarters , Strike Command in 1968 and Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief , Near East Air Force ( including responsibility for British Forces Cyprus and Administration of the Sovereign Base Areas ) in 1969 . Finally he was appointed Vice Chief of the Air Staff in 1970 , Air Officer Commander - in - Chief Strike Command in 1974 and Commander - in - Chief , UK Air Forces in 1975 before retiring in 1976 . He lived at Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire . Family . In 1940 he married Frances Jeanne Needham ; they had one son and one daughter .
Haji Mohammad Siddiq Choudri Vice Admiral Haji Mohammad Siddiq Choudri HPk MBE ( usually shortened to HMS Choudri ; 1912 – 27 February 2004 ) was the second Commander - in - Chief of the Pakistan Navy serving from 1953 to 1959 . He was also the first Muslim and native naval chief taking the reins from Rear Admiral James Wilfred Jefford . He died on 27 February 2004 and was buried in Army Graveyard , Karachi with full military honors . Education . Choudhri was born in Batala , British Punjab in 1912 , where he did his education from there . In 1922 , he joined the Panjab University , Chandigarh where he did his B . Sc . in Chemistry in 1926 . HMS Choudhri joined the Royal Indian Navy in 1931 and got commission in the Executive cadet on September 1 , 1933 . After partition , he was transferred to the Royal Pakistan Navy as Captain on August 15 , 1945 . Naval career . He was the senior most Pakistani officer in the Executive branch of the Royal Pakistan Navy ( RPN ) at that time and was an obvious choice as the successor to Admiral Jefford . Admiral Choudhri took over the command of the Royal Pakistan Navy on January 31 , 1953 . During his service as Commander - in - Chief , Admiral Choudhri made enthusiastic efforts to build up the Pakistan Navy which produced tangible results , including a seagoing fleet , training establishments and complementary infrastructure ashore . With his dedication and conviction , he steered the Pakistan Navy into becoming an efficient fighting force . That is why he can rightly be called Father of Pakistan Navy . Admiral Choudhri took early retirement on March 1 , 1959 due to his differences with the then government on issues relating to development of Pakistan Navy . He handed over the command to Vice - Admiral A . R . Khan . Post - Retirement . After retirement , Admiral Choudhri spearheaded the Pakistan Institute of Maritime Affairs and made all - out efforts to enhance maritime development of Pakistan . Meanwhile , the Pakistan Senior Citizens Association ( PSCA ) expressed profound grief over the sad demise of Vice - Admiral HMS Choudhri , who was also the chief patron of the PSCA . Honours . Admiral HMS Choudhri was a recipient of Hilal - e - Pakistan and was a member of the Order of the British Empire for meritorious services in the field of Command and Administration of maritime assets and a distinguished service in the Pakistan Navy spanning over three decades .
USS Potomac ( 1822 ) USS " Potomac " was a frigate in the United States Navy laid down by the Washington Navy Yard in August 1819 and launched in March 1822 . Fitting out was not completed until 1831 , when Captain John Downes assumed command as first commanding officer . Although called a " 44 " 1st class , she was built to mount 32 carronade s on her spar deck , 30 long guns on her gun deck , two bow and three stern chaser s on each of these decks , significantly under - rating her on the rating system of the Royal Navy . Service History . On her first overseas cruise , " Potomac " departed New York 19 August 1831 for the Pacific Squadron via the Cape of Good Hope on the first Sumatran Expedition . On 6 February 1832 , " Potomac " destroyed the town of Kuala Batee in retaliation for the capture there in February of the previous year of the American merchantman " Friendship " , which had been recaptured and returned to Salem to report the murder of many of her crew . Of " Potomac " s 282 sailors and Marines who landed , two were killed while 150 natives died , including Mahomet , the chieftain . After circumnavigating the world , " Potomac " returned to Boston 23 May 1834 . The frigate next made two cruises to the Brazil Station , protecting American interests in Latin America from 20 October 1834 to 5 March 1837 , and from 12 May 1840 to 31 July 1842 . From 8 December 1844 to 4 December 1845 , she patrolled in the West Indies , and again from 14 March 1846 to 20 July 1847 in the Caribbean and the Gulf . During this latter period , she landed troops at Port Isabel , Texas , on 8 May 1846 in support of General Zachary Taylor ’ s army at the Battle of Palo Alto . She also participated in the siege of Vera Cruz , 9 to 28 March 1847 . " Potomac " served as flagship for the Home Squadron 1855 – 1856 . At the outbreak of the American Civil War , she departed from New York City on 10 September 1861 for the Gulf Blockading Squadron off Mobile Bay . At this time , William Thomas Sampson served aboard her until 25 December 1861 when he transferred to the as executive officer . The " Potomac " became the stores ship for the squadron and remained at Pensacola Navy Yard as a receiving ship until 1867 , when she was sent to Philadelphia . She remained at League Island Navy Yard until she decommissioned 13 January 1877 . She was sold to E . Stannard & Company 24 May 1877 .
Cape Breton Highlanders The Cape Breton Highlanders is an infantry regiment of the Canadian Army . It was established in 1871 , merged into The Nova Scotia Highlanders in 1954 , and re - established as a distinct regiment in 2011 . Originally founded in 1871 as the Victoria Provisional Battalion of Infantry , it was converted to a Highland unit in 1879 . It went through several name changes including : 1885 – 94th " Victoria " Battalion of Infantry , " Argyll Highlanders " ; 1900 – 94th Victoria Regiment " Argyll Highlanders " , and ; 1920 – The Cape Breton Highlanders . In 1954 , as a result of the Kennedy Report on the Reserve Army , this regiment became the 2nd Battalion of the newly amalgamated Nova Scotia Highlanders formed from its union with The North Nova Scotia Highlanders and The Pictou Highlanders . The Nova Scotia Highlanders serve to this day as an army reserve highland infantry regiment . On January 16 , 2011 , Canadian Defence Minister Peter MacKay announced that the name of the 2nd Battalion Nova Scotia Highlanders ( Cape Breton ) will be changed back to the Cape Breton Highlanders . The army reserve unit is assigned to the 36 Canadian Brigade Group . The regiment ' s rebadging ceremony was held on September 10 , and MacKay presented the regiment its camp flag on October 2 , 2011 . The Cape Breton Highlanders were allied to the Cheshire Regiment and were kitted as Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders ( Princess Louise ' s ) except for badges and the pipe major wore a powder horn in full dress . The regiment perpetuated the 85th Battalion ( Nova Scotia Highlanders ) and 185th Canadian Infantry Battalion ( Cape Breton Highlanders ) of the Canadian Expeditionary Force and held its final order of precedence as 35 .
Stuart Bonham Carter Vice Admiral Sir Stuart Sumner Bonham Carter , KCB , CVO , DSO ( 9 July 1889 – 5 September 1972 ) was an officer in the Royal Navy who had a distinguished record in both world wars . Naval career . Born the younger son of Lothian Bonham - Carter and Emily Maud Sumner , Bonham Carter joined the Royal Navy in 1904 and served in World War I commanding the block ship HMS " Intrepid " at the Zeebrugge Raid in 1918 . He also commanded the destroyer HMS " Shark " in the closing stages of the War . A keen cricketer , he played two first - class matches for the Royal Navy Cricket Club in 1925 . He was appointed Chief of Staff to the Commander - in - Chief , Africa Station in 1928 and made Assistant Director for Navy Equipment in 1932 before becoming Chief Staff Officer to the Commander of the 1st Cruiser Squadron in 1934 . He was given command of the Royal Naval Barracks at Chatham in 1937 and made Naval Secretary in 1939 . He also served in World War II commanding the 3rd Battle Squadron from 1940 and the 18th Cruiser Squadron from 1942 . He was made Flag Officer , Malta in 1942 and retired due to ill health in 1943 although he was recalled in 1944 to lead Naval Convoys . Family . In 1933 he married Eve Lloyd ; they had one child . He is distantly related to the actress Helena Bonham Carter among others .
Souk - el - Arba Airfield Souk - el - Arba Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Tunisia , located approximately 2 . 3 km southeast of Jendouba ; 130 km west - southwest of Tunis . It was a temporary airfield constructed by Army Engineers using compacted earth for its runway , parking and dispersal areas , not designed for heavy aircraft or for long term use . Also known as Engle Field , it was used by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force during the North African campaign . Known units assigned to he airfield were : After the Americans moved east to Sicily in August , the airfield was closed and dismantled . Today , the former main runway is visible in aerial photography and , other than two hangars south of the runway , no buildings or physical features remain .
Chrysocheir Chrysocheir ( ) , also known as Chrysocheres ( Χρυσόχερις ) or Chrysoverges , was the last leader of the Paulician state of Tephrike from 863 to 872 . He succeeded his uncle , Karbeas , after the latter ' s death in 863 , possibly at the Battle of Lalakaon . He led an expedition to Nicomedia and Nicaea , and after taking Ephesus , turned the church of St . John into a stable . This raid impelled Basil I to march on Tephrike , but Chrysocheir counterattacked and took Ancyra . In 872 , Basil sent his son - in - law and the Domestic of the Schools , Christopher , against the Paulicians . He defeated Chrysocheir at the battle of Bathys Ryax , beheaded him , and sent his head back to the emperor in Constantinople . Soon after , with the help of an earthquake , the Byzantines razed Tephrike and took several other towns including Taranda , putting an end to the Paulician state . References . " Digenis Akritas : The Two - Blooded Border Lord " . Trans . Denison B . Hull . Athens , Ohio : Ohio University Press , 1972
Vallon Man Vallon Man is a term used by the British Army waging war in Afghanistan to denote the soldier in a patrol who carries the mine detector , because the mine detector is a Vallon machine . The role of Vallon Man is one of the most dangerous in the fighting in Afghanistan — Vallon men are often killed in their work . The Vallon detectors are made by the Vallon company .
HMS C30 HMS " C30 " was a British C class submarine built by Vickers , Barrow . She was laid down on 10 June 1908 and was commissioned on 11 October 1909 . HMS " C30 " was decommissioned in July 1919 . She was then sold on 25 August 1921 .