naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Victor E . Renuart , Jr . Victor Eugene " Gene " Renuart , Jr . , ( born November 26 , 1949 ) is a retired United States Air Force four - star general . His last military assignment was as the commander of United States Northern Command ( USNORTHCOM ) which he concurrently served as the commander of North American Aerospace Defense Command ( NORAD ) from March 23 , 2007 , to May 19 , 2010 . Prior to that , he served as Director of Strategic Plans and Policy , the Joint Staff . Renuart retired from the Air Force on July 1 , 2010 , after over 39 years of service . Biography . Renuart entered the Air Force in 1971 following graduation from Indiana University . He was commissioned through the Officer Training School in 1972 and attended Undergraduate Pilot Training . He has commanded a fighter squadron , a NATO support group , a fighter wing and a composite wing . He served as Commander of the 76th Fighter Squadron during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm , and supported Operation Deny Flight as Director of Plans for the NATO Combined Air Operations Center at Headquarters 5th Allied Tactical Air Force . In addition , he commanded Joint Task Force - Southwest Asia ( JTF - SWA ) and 9th Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force - Southwest Asia ( 9 ASETF ) at Eskan Village in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , where he was responsible for the control and execution of Operation Southern Watch . Renuart then served as the Director of Operations ( CCJ3 ) at Headquarters , U . S . Central Command ( USCENTCOM ) at MacDill AFB , Florida , and the USCENTCOM Forward Headquarters at Camp As Saliyah in Doha , Qatar , where he oversaw the planning and execution of all joint and allied combat , humanitarian assistance and reconstruction operations for Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom . He also served as Vice Commander , Pacific Air Forces ( PACAF ) , where he was responsible for Air Force and Air Component Commander activities for the Commander , U . S . Pacific Command ( USPACOM ) . He has flown combat missions in Operations Desert Storm , Deny Flight , Northern Watch and Southern Watch . Prior to assuming his final position , Renuart was the Director of Strategic Plans and Policy for the Joint Staff ( J5 ) and Senior Military Assistant to the Secretary of Defense . He provided strategic intelligence , policy guidance and planning focus to develop and execute the National Military Strategy in support of worldwide national security operations , politico - military affairs , international negotiations and organizational issues through coordination with the combatant commands , the services , OSD , defense agencies , other U . S . government agencies and international organizations .
Merchant Marine Defense Bar The Merchant Marine Defense Medal ( Bar ) is a decoration of the United States Merchant Marine . The decoration was established by an Act of Congress on August 14 , 1944 . Conditions . The decoration is awarded to members of the Merchant Marine who served aboard United States merchant ships between September 8 , 1939 and December 7 , 1941 . Design . Prior to 1992 , the Merchant Marine Defense Medal was a ribbon - only decoration ; otherwise known as the Merchant Marine Defense Bar . On May 19 , 1992 , the U . S . Department of Transportation announced the availability of new medals for civilian merchant seamen , in recognition of their service in World War II , Korea and Vietnam . The medals are being issued to supplement war zone ribbon bars previously awarded to civilian mariners who supported the nation ' s armed forces in these wars . The new medal design consists of : The shield and anchor , from the United States Maritime Service Seal , are superimposed in a ship ' s wheel , denoting control and maritime service . The laurel branches symbolize achievement and excellence .
Gotthard Johann von Knorring Gotthard Johann von Knorring ( 1744 – 1825 ) ( Bogdan Fyodorovich Knorring ) was a Russian general of the infantry of Baltic German descent . Biography . Knorring grew up on Ervita manor , Estonia . He was appointed general quartermaster in 1788 and had active duty during the war against Sweden ( 1788 – 1790 ) . In 1792 - 1794 he participated in the campaign in Poland . When Paul I started his reign , Knorring withdrew from the military for some years . He participated in the war against France in 1807 but was recalled due to disagreements with the commanding general , Levin August von Bennigsen . In December 1808 he was appointed commander of the Russian forces in Finland after Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoevden and under his command the Russian forces crossed the Gulf of Bothnia on the ice and invaded Sweden proper . Shortly after , in March 1809 the command of the Russian forces transferred to Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly . He died in 1825 .
Siege of Bredevoort ( 1597 ) The Siege of Bredevoort in 1597 was a siege of Bredevoort by the military forces led by Maurice of Nassau , Prince of Orange , during the Eighty Years War and the Anglo - Spanish War . The siege lasted from October 1 until October 9 , after that day Bredevoort was occupied by the besiegers . The siege was part of a campaign which Maurice conquered the cities Turnhout , Alphen , Rijnberk , Meurs , Bredevoort , Groenlo , Goor , Enschede , Oldenzaal , Ootmarsum and Lingen . History . Bredevoort was being defended by only two companies of ( 200 ) soldiers , led by a French captain " Gardot Damien " and his lieutenant " Van Broeckhuysen " , because of the absence of Count Hendrik van den Bergh and his supporting troops . Bredevoort was considered impregnable , because the city was surrounded by swamps . Those swamps made it very difficult to get guns within shooting range . Maurice was advancing towards the city with 6 , 000 troops and 1 , 200 cavalry which included 13 companies of English troops under Horace Vere . To tackle the swamps Maurice had brought a new invention : a bridge of cork . These bridges were light and mobile and not previously applied . The bridge proved successful and made it possible to get the guns nearby to shoot successfully the walls . Finally , they shot a big breach in the wall so Maurice ' s troops could storm the city , followed by a very bloody battle , the defenders retreated to the castle . Maurice ' s soldiers ransacked the town two days long , followed by negotiations to surrender . The defenders were allowed on payment of ransom to leave the city . A soldier of Maurice was in the night looking for loot . He did so by burning a bundle of hay . Carelessness hit the hay loft on fire . The fire hit on to other houses . Eventually burned across the city . Only 20 houses were spared . Citizens fled to the castle , soldiers fled the city . Maurice was very upset about the incident . On the other hand he also thought it was a deterrent for other cities could be .
Boulton Paul P . 92 The Boulton Paul P . 92 was a British design by Boulton Paul for a two - seat turret - armed fighter / ground attack aircraft to meet Air Ministry Specification F . 11 / 37 . Only a half scale prototype was built and tested before the project was cancelled in 1940 . Development . Specification F . 11 / 37 called for a fighter capable of day and night operations , that could operate in the ground support role . Armament was to be four 20 mm ( . 79 in ) cannons in a power operated turret and a single 250 lb ( 113 kg ) bomb in an internal bomb bay . The turret was also expected to be aerodynamically faired to meet the wing so as not to unduly affect performance . The aircraft was expected to be able to have a speed of 370 mph ( 595 km / h ) at 15 , 000 ft ( 4 , 572 m ) , with a service ceiling of 35 , 000 ft ( 10 , 668 m ) and manage an endurance of two and a half hours . Boulton Paul was awarded a contract for two prototypes of the design , the first using Rolls Royce Vulture and the second employing the Napier Sabre - both big high power engines ( 1 , 800 hp / 1 , 342 kW and 2 , 000 hp / 1 , 491 kW respectively ) . In November 1938 , a third example was ordered , which was to be powered by the Sabre , while the first two would be powered by the Vulture . The wing span of the P . 92 was to have been 62 ft 5 in ( 19 m ) . The contract was cancelled in May 1940 . Following wind tunnel tests on a 2 / 7 scale model at Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough , a contract was given to Heston Aircraft Company in May 1939 to build a half - scale piloted flying model aircraft named the P . 92 / 2 , with serial V3142 . The P . 92 / 2 was fitted with Gipsy Major engines , and was completed in early 1941 . The first flight , at Heston Aerodrome , was made by Boulton Paul ' s chief test pilot Flight Lieutenant Cecil Feather . The P . 92 / 2 was subsequently flown to Boulton Paul ' s airfield at Wolverhampton , and in June 1943 it went to the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment at Boscombe Down for flight testing and assessments . V3142 was later used by Boulton Paul as a ' runabout ' . < ref name = ' Archive 4 / 06 ' > < / ref >
Nikolis Apostolis Nikolis Apostolis ( ) was a Greek naval commander during the Greek War of Independence . Apostolis was born on the island of Psara in 1770 . He was initiated into the Filiki Eteria in 1818 . When the revolt against the Ottoman Empire broke out in 1821 , he took part in the naval struggles at the head of the Psarian squadron . Apostolis continued the struggle even after his native Psara was attacked and sacked by the Turks in 1824 . He helped supply the army and people of Messolonghi by running through the Ottoman blockade during the final siege of that city . He died in Aegina on April 6 , 1827 .
USS J . M . Guffey ( ID - 1279 ) USS " J . M . Guffey " ( ID 1279 ) was a commercial tanker chartered by the U . S . Navy during World War I . However , because her master declined to remain with the ship during wartime , the ship was taken over by the U . S . Navy . She operated out of Scotland until war ’ s end , and then was returned to the United States , decommissioned , and was returned to her owner . Built in Camden , New Jersey . " J . M . Guffey " , a 2 , 520 gross ton ( 5500 tons displacement ) freighter converted to a tanker during construction , was built at Camden , New Jersey , in 1902 by the New York Shipbuilding Company . She was the first ship built by that shipyard . World War I service . In 1918 the tanker was operating on bareboat charter on behalf of the British Ministry of War Transport , and a request was made that she be manned by the U . S . Navy as her present master did not desire to remain with the ship and the remaining crew members were willing to enroll in the U . S . Naval Reserve Force . The ship was therefore commissioned at Invergorden , Scotland , on 14 October 1918 as USS " J . M . Guffey " ( ID # 1279 ) . " J . M . Guffey " operated out of Invergorden replenishing the oil supplies until 24 January 1919 when — after delaying her departure until she received new boiler tubes — she sailed for the United States . She remained in St . Johns , Newfoundland , for 6 weeks before arriving Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , 14 April . The ship had to put in to St . Johns , Newfoundland , because her boilers were leaking badly , and she remained there until leaving on 4 April for Philadelphia accompanied by the tug USS " Iroquois " ( later designated AT - 46 ) . Post - war decommissioning . After extensive repairs USS " J . M . Guffey " was decommissioned on 17 June 1919 and delivered to the U . S . Shipping Board for return to her owners , the Gulf Refining Company of Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . S . S . " J . M . Guffey " was renamed " Meloria " in 1926 and was scrapped at Venice , Italy , in 1935 .
24th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 24th New York Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War from the state of New York . It was a part of the famed Eastern Iron Brigade . The 24th was mustered into service on July 2 , 1861 , and mustered out of service May 29 , 1863 . Col . Timothy Sullivan commanded the regiment , which was organized in Elmira , New York . It originally enlisted soldiers for two - year enlistments and later received 3 - year men , who were later folded into the 76th New York Volunteer Infantry .
Fleetwings Fleetwings , later Kaiser - Fleetwings , was an American aircraft company of the 1930s and 1940s . History . Fleetwings started in 1926 ( under a different name ) as a business based on a patented mechanical timing device , which proved particularly suited to controlling automated welding equipment . After developing the additional capacity to offer welding services , it pursued research and technology specifically related to the welding of stainless steel . In 1929 , the company reorganized as Fleetwings , Inc . , in Garden City , NY , to develop stainless - steel aircraft structures . The company progressed to manufacturing components for other aircraft manufacturers , including ribs and control surfaces for the Ireland " Privateer " amphibian , and ribs , flaps and tail surfaces for Grover Loening Aircraft Company , and moved to a larger location in a hangar on lower Roosevelt Field , Long Island . In 1934 , it purchased the former Keystone Aircraft facility on the Delaware River in Bristol , PA , and moved its operations there . The corporate structure of Fleetwings , Inc . , was dominated by the de Ganahl family . In the mid - 1930s , its Board of Directors included Carl de Ganahl , Charles F . de Ganahl , Chloe de Ganahl , Joseph de Ganahl and Frank de Ganahl . During the company ' s history , Carl , Cecil and Frank de Ganahl each served as President at various times . The company became Kaiser - Fleetwings in when it was purchased in March , 1943 , by Henry J . Kaiser ' s Kaiser Industries . Kaiser - Fleetwings ' entered its XBTK - 1 in a United States Navy attack aircraft competition , with five aircraft being flown . The contract went to the Douglas AD - 1 Skyraider and the Martin AM Mauler . The Kaiser - Fleetwings Co . still existed as late as 1960 , when it manufactured the launch canister for the Echo 1 balloon satellite at its Bristol factory . The plant was closed in 1962 and demolished , to make way for housing development .
Dana K . Chipman Lieutenant General Dana Kyle Chipman , USA ( born September 23 , 1958 ) is an American military lawyer who is served from 2009 to 2013 as the Judge Advocate General of the United States Army . LTG Chipman was born in Inglewood , California and graduated from high school in Houma , Louisiana . He then attended the United States Military Academy at West Point , earning a Bachelor of Science degree and commissioning as an infantry officer in 1980 . He later earned a Juris Doctor degree from Stanford Law School in 1986 . He also holds a Master of Laws degree from the Judge Advocate General ' s Legal Center and School and a Master of Science degree in Strategic Studies from the United States Army War College . LTG Chipman ’ s first assignment was with 1st Battalion , 12th Infantry Regiment , 4th Infantry Division ( Mechanized ) at Fort Carson , Colorado , where he served as a Platoon Leader and Company Executive Officer until 1983 . Upon completion of the Army ’ s Funded Legal Education Program , he was assigned as a Legal Assistance and Claims Attorney , and as a Trial Counsel with the 3d Infantry Division ( Mechanized ) in Schweinfurt , Germany . In 1991 , he was assigned to the U . S . Army Litigation Division in Washington , D . C . , as a Litigation Attorney and Senior Litigation Attorney . He later served as the Detachment Judge Advocate , 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment – Delta ( Airborne ) at Fort Bragg , North Carolina . He was next assigned as the Deputy Staff Judge Advocate , U . S . Army Infantry Center and Fort Benning , Georgia . In 1999 , he returned to Fort Bragg to serve as Legal Advisor , Joint Special Operations Command . In 2001 and 2002 , he deployed as the legal advisor to a Joint Special Operations Task Force for Operation Enduring Freedom . He served as the Staff Judge Advocate , U . S . Special Operations Command , MacDill Air Force Base , Florida , and then as Staff Judge Advocate , U . S . Central Command . He also served as the Commander and Commandant of The Judge Advocate General ’ s Legal Center and School in Charlottesville , Virginia . On October 1 , 2009 , he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and began serving as the 38th Judge Advocate General of the U . S . Army . LTG Chipman completed the Infantry Officer Basic Course , the Judge Advocate Officer Basic and Graduate Courses , the Army Command and General Staff College , and the Army War College . LTG Chipman ' s awards include the Defense Superior Service Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters , the Legion of Merit , the Bronze Star Medal , the Defense Meritorious Service Medal , the Meritorious Service Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters , the Army Commendation Medal with one Oak Leaf Cluster , and the Army Achievement Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters . He is also entitled to wear the Expert Infantryman Badge and the Parachutist Badge . LTG Chipman is married with three children .
VMO - 7 Marine Observation Squadron 7 ( VMO - 7 ) was an observation squadron of the United States Marine Corps during World War II . They were active for a year and a half during which time they saw action during the Battle of Okinawa . The squadron was quickly deactivated following the end of the war . History . VMO - 7 was formed on December 15 , 1944 at Marine Corps Base Quantico , Virginia . After a short period of training they moved to Marine Corps Air Station Ewa on February 27 , 1945 sailing on board the British escort carrier HMS Ranee ( D03 ) . Another two months of training in Hawaii saw them depart Pearl Harbor on April 17 , 1945 and sail for Okinawa . The squadron filtered onto the island from 7 – 11 May and quickly began flights spotting targets for III Amphibious Corps ’ artillery . During the period between June 11 to June 22 the squadron made 271 CASEVAC flights from a dirt strip in Naha taking 369 casualties back to hospitals in the rear areas . They were engaged in combat operation on Okinawa until June 21 , 1945 . During the battle the squadron flew 300 combat hours without losing a pilot or plane . They remained on the island for the rest of the war and were deactivated on November 16 , 1945
Fernand Gambiez Fernand Gambiez ( 27 February 1903 – 29 March 1989 ) was a French Army general and military historian , he fought in World War II , First Indochina War and Algerian War , during the Algerian War he was commander - in - chief of the French Army in Algeria . Gambiez was born in Lille , graduated from Saint Cyr in 1925 . He served with the Foreign Legion in Morocco before studying at the Superior War School in 1935 . He was a captain in command of a company during the Battle of France . He trained and commanded a Choc battalion in 1943 , tooking part in the fighting to liberate Corsica in 1944 . Gambiez served as chief of staff to the French commander - in - chief Henri Navarre during the First Indochina War , including the Battle of Dien Bien Phu where one of his sons died . He was promoted to Général de corps d ' armée in 1958 , commander of the Oran Corps in 1959 , Inspector General of the Infantry in 1960 and finally commander - in - chief of the French Army in Algeria in 1961 . He was arrested by the rebellious generals during the Algiers putsch in April 1961 . He was the director of the French military history commission from 1969 to 1989 . He was also elected member of the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques in 1974 .
Era No . 5 " Era No . 5 " — a shallow - draft steamer built in 1860 at Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania — was chartered by the Confederates early in 1863 to transport corn from the Red River to Camden , Arkansas . As the steamer — laden with 4 , 500 bushels of corn — proceeded to her destination on 14 February 1863 , she rounded a sharp bend above the mouth of the Black River , came upon and was captured by the USS " Queen of the West " . After a loss of the " Queen of the West " the same day , her crew fled to Union positions in the " Era No . 5 " . " Era No . 5 " was then assigned to Colonel Charles R . Ellet ' s river fleet , fitted out with protective cotton baling and used by the Union as a dispatch boat and transport in the Mississippi River .
USS Ingraham ( FFG - 61 ) The USS " Ingraham " ( FFG - 61 ) , the last American to be built , was the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for Captain Duncan Ingraham ( 1802 – 1891 ) . The USS " Ingraham " was laid down on 30 March 1987 at the Todd Pacific Shipyards Co . , Los Angeles Division , San Pedro , California . She was launched on 25 June 1988 . , " Ingraham " is commanded by CDR Joe Frantzen , USN . Ingraham ' s homeport is at NS Everett , Washington , and is assigned to Destroyer Squadron 9 . On 6 January 2008 , the destroyer USS , the guided - missile cruiser USS , and the frigate USS " Ingraham " were entering the Persian Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz when five Iranian motor boats approached them at high speed and in a reportedly threatening manner . The American ships had been in the Arabian Sea searching for a sailor who had been missing from the USS " Hopper " for one day . The U . S . Navy reported that the Iranian boats made " threatening " moves toward the U . S . vessels , coming as close as . The U . S . Navy ships received a radio transmission saying , " I am coming to you . You will explode after few minutes . " While the American ships prepared to open fire , the Iranians abruptly turned away , the U . S . Navy officials said . Before leaving , the Iranians dropped white boxes into the water in front of the American ships . The American ships did not investigate the boxes . Officials from the two countries differed on their assessments of the severity of the incident . The Iranians claimed that they were conducting normal maneuvers , whereas American officials claimed that an imminent danger to American naval vessels existed . On 29 September 2009 , the " Ingraham " was en route to American Samoa and was the first U . S . military asset to arrive and assist in the recovery efforts following the 2009 Samoa earthquake .