naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Georgia Line The Georgia Line was a formation within the Continental Army . The term " Georgia Line " referred to the quota of one infantry regiment which was assigned to Georgia at various times by the Continental Congress . The term also included the three infantry regiments in excess of Georgia ' s quota that were raised outside the state . These , together with similar contingents from the other twelve states , formed the Continental Line . The concept was particularly important in relation to the promotion of commissioned officers . Officers of the Continental Army below the rank of brigadier general were ordinarily ineligible for promotion except in the line of their own state . On November 4 , 1775 , the Continental Congress created the " second establishment " of the Continental Army , which served in the campaign of 1776 . On the same day , Congress also voted to maintain two infantry battalions in South Carolina and one infantry battalion in Georgia .
Samuel D . Sturgis , Jr . Samuel Davis Sturgis , Jr . ( July 16 , 1897 - July 5 , 1964 ) was an American soldier . He was born in St . Paul , Minnesota and came from a military family . Both his father , Samuel D . Sturgis , and grandfather , also named Samuel D . Sturgis , were West Point graduates and major generals . Sturgis graduated from West Point in 1918 . As a junior engineer officer he taught mathematics at the academy for four years . In 1926 , he was ordered to the Philippines , where he served as Adjutant of the 14th Engineers . His strategical studies of the islands over a three - year period developed knowledge he used later when he returned to the Philippines in 1944 as Chief Engineer of General Walter Krueger ' s Sixth U . S . Army . Sturgis commanded a mounted engineer company at Fort Riley , Kansas , in 1929 - 1933 and encouraged the adoption of heavy mechanical equipment . He was district engineer in 1939 - 1942 for Vicksburg , Mississippi , where he worked on flood control and a large military construction program . He served as chief engineer of the Sixth Army in 1943 - 1946 . During World War II , Sturgis ' engineer troops built roads , airfields , ports , and bases from New Guinea to the Philippines . After the war , Sturgis was senior engineer for the army air forces in 1946 - 1948 and was Missouri River Division Engineer in 1949 - 51 . In 1951 , he became the Commanding General of the 6th Armored Division and Fort Leonard Wood , Missouri . In 1952 , he was appointed Commanding General of the Communications Zone supporting the United States Army in Europe . He became Chief of Engineers on March 17 , 1953 . He died July 5 , 1964 , in Washington , D . C . His military decorations include the Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster , the Silver Star , the Legion of Merit and the Bronze Star .
Battery G , 1st Missouri Light Artillery Battery G , 1st Missouri Light Artillery was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . The battery was often referred to as Hescock ' s Battery . Service . The regiment and its batteries were organized at St . Louis , Missouri from the 1st Missouri Infantry and mustered in for a three year enlistment on September 1 , 1861 under the command of Captain Henry Hescock . The battery was attached to Army of the West and Department of the Missouri , to March 1862 . Artillery , 3rd Division , Army of the Mississippi , to April 1862 . Artillery , 1st Division , Army of the Mississippi , to June 1862 . Artillery , 5th Division , Army of the Mississippi , to September 1862 . Artillery , 11th Division , Army of the Ohio , September 1862 . Artillery , 11th Division , III Corps , Army of the Ohio , to November 1862 . 2nd Brigade . 3rd Division , Right Wing , XIV Corps , Army of the Cumberland , to January 1863 . Artillery , 3rd Division , XX Corps , Army of the Cumberland , to October 1863 . Artillery . 2nd Division , IV Corps , Army of the Cumberland , to April 1864 . Artillery Chattanooga , Tennessee , Department of the Cumberland , to November 1864 . 1st Brigade , 1st Separate Division , District of the Etowah , Department of the Cumberland , to July 1865 . Battery G , 1st Missouri Light Artillery mustered out of service at Chattanooga , Tennessee on July 28 , 1865 . Detailed service . Fremont ' s Campaign in Missouri October – November 1861 . Ordered to Commerce , Mo . , February 1862 . Operations against New Madrid , Mo . , and Island No . 10 , Mississippi River , February 28 - April 8 . Expedition to Fort Pillow , Tenn . , April 13 – 17 . Moved to Hamburg Landing , Tenn . , April 18 – 22 . Advance on and siege of Corinth , Miss . , April 29 - May 30 . Actions at Farmington , Miss . , May 3 and 9 . Occupation of Corinth and pursuit to Booneville May 30 - June 12 Moved to Cincinnati , Ohio , August 26 - September 4 , thence to Louisville , Ky . , September 12 – 19 . Pursuit of Bragg into Kentucky October 1 – 16 . Battle of Perryville , Ky . , October 8 . March to Nashville , Tenn . , October 16 - November 7 , and duty there until December 26 . Advance on Murfreesboro December 26 – 30 . Battle of Stones River December 30 – 31 , 1862 and January 1 – 3 , 1863 . Duty at Murfreesboro until June . Expedition toward Columbia March 4 – 14 . Tullahoma Campaign June 23 - July 7 . Occupation of middle Tennessee until August 16 . Passage of Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River and Chickamauga Campaign August 16 - September 22 . Battle of Chickamauga , Ga . , September 19 – 20 . Siege of Chattanooga , Tenn . , September 24 - November 23 . Battles of Chattanooga November 23 – 25 . Post and garrison duty at Chattanooga , Tenn . , until July 1865 .
XXI Corps ( India ) XXI Corps is a corps of the Indian Army . It is the only strike corps in Army ’ s Poona - based Southern Command . After India ' s intervention in Sri Lanka , the provisional HQ controlling India ' s expeditionary force , HQ Indian Peace Keeping Force , became HQ XXI Corps in April 1990 . It was then moved to Bhopal . This is both a strike corps and would also be used if India were to make another big intervention overseas . It currently consists of :
Christopher Brennan ( sailor ) Christopher Brennan ( born 1832 , date of death unknown ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip . Biopgraphy . Born in 1832 in Ireland , Brennan immigrated to the United States and was living in Boston when he joined the U . S . Navy . He served during the Civil War as a seaman on the . At the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip near New Orleans on April 24 , 1862 , he joined the and manned one of that ship ' s guns through the engagement . His commanding officer stated that he " was the life and soul of the gun ' s crew . " For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor a year later on July 10 , 1863 . Brennan ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Mississippi " during attacks on Forts Jackson and St . Philip and during the taking of New Orleans , 24 – 25 April 1862 . Taking part in the actions which resulted in the damaging of the " Mississippi " and several casualties on it , Brennan showed skill and courage throughout the entire engagements which resulted in the taking of St . Philip and Jackson and in the surrender of New Orleans .
Washington Elm The Washington Elm was a tree on Cambridge Common in Cambridge , Massachusetts that lived approximately 210 years and died in 1923 . History . Beginning as early as the 1830s , it became popular legend that " under this tree Washington first took command of the American Army " , supposedly words of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow . The publication of the fictional " eye - witness " journal " The Diary of Dorothy Dudley " in 1876 furthered the legend . Although George Washington did take command of the army on 3 July 1775 , there is no official documentation stating that this event took place under the tree . In 1923 , the tree was very fragile and diseased . Workers from the parks department of Cambridge were cutting two of the remaining limbs . Upon cutting the second limb , the entire tree fell over onto its iron fence and brought the Boston Elevated Railway cable to within 15 feet ( 4 . 57 m ) of the ground . The tree was divided up into approximately 1000 pieces , and these were distributed to all states and their legislatures . The cross - section of the tree was sent to Mount Vernon . About 150 pieces were given over the counter , a few hundred were mailed throughout the country , and some fraternal organizations received pieces as well . In 1925 , the legend was openly discredited at the Cambridge Historical Society ( CHS ) , when Samuel F . Batchelder read a paper he later reprinted as " The Washington Elm Tradition : " Under This Tree Washington First Took Command of the American Army " Is It True ? " . Batchelder revealed the forgeries in the tales told about Washington and the tree , in short calling the myth altogether not realistic , but the beliefs persist today . Many websites are outdated in stating that the tree still exists and that it is indeed where Washington first took command . Today , a plaque embedded in the pavement of Garden Street ( at its Mason St . intersection ) marks where the tree used to stand . The Cambridge Historical Commission ( CHC ) has called the association of Washington and the elm a " myth " and stated that " the image of the tree remains a symbol of patriotism in Cambridge . "
Fokker V . 9 The Fokker V . 9 was part of a series of experimental aircraft which led up to the low - production D . VI fighter . The aircraft were very similar , varying in detail and power plants . The V . 9 was powered by a 60 kW ( 80 hp ) Oberursel and first flew in December 1917 ; all others flew in 1918 . The V . 12 was powered by an experimental 119 kW ( 160 hp ) , Steyr - Le Rhône engine . The V . 14 . Like the V . 12 , the V . 14 was powered by the 119 kW ( 160 hp ) Steyr - Le Rhone . The V . 16 was powered by the 81 kW ( 110 hp ) Oberursel Ur . II . V . 33 was a development of the V . 9 . It was tested with both 82 kW ( 110 hp ) and 108 kW ( 145 hp ) Oberursel engines . References . http : / / www . dutch - aviation . nl / index5 / Military / index5 - 1 % 20Fokker % 20Military % 20Aircrafts . html
Erich Leie Erich Leie ( born 10 September 1916 in Kiel , killed in action 7 March 1945 in Drogomyśl , Poland ) was a German World War II fighter ace who served in the Luftwaffe until his death on 7 March 1945 . He was posthumously promoted to the rank of Oberstleutnant and nominated for the Oak Leaves to the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Military career . In March 1940 , Leie joined III . / Jagdgeschwader 2 " Richthofen " ( JG 2 — 2nd Fighter Wing ) and claimed his first victory on 14 May when he shot down a Bristol Blenheim . By October 1940 , Leie was serving with " Geschwaderstab " of JG 2 , and had 11 victories by the end of the year . Leie was awarded the " Ritterkreuz " in August 1941 after claiming 21 victories in the west . He claimed 6 Spitfires shot down in one day on 23 July , and by the end of 1941 , his total was 32 . In May 1942 , Leie became " Gruppenkommandeur " ( group commander ) of I Gruppe , JG 2 . He saw action in the air battle over Dieppe on 19 August , claiming a Spitfire . However , he was shot down and wounded , bailing out of his Focke Wulf Fw 190 A - 3 . In January 1943 , Leie transferred as " Gruppenkommandeur " to I . / Jagdgeschwader 51 ( JG 51 — 51st Fighter Wing ) , based on the Eastern front . Leie led the Gruppe during the offensive operations leading up to Operation Zitadelle , the Battle of Kursk , in July 1943 . In November 1943 Leie , by now a major , recorded his 100th victory . After a spell of leave in March , he returned to duty only to be shot down by Russian fighters on 6 July . He bailed out over Russian lines but on descending by parachute , was blown back over German lines . By October 1944 , Leie ' s victory total stood at 114 . He became " Geschwaderkommodore " ( wing commander ) of Jagdgeschwader 77 ( JG 77 — 77th Fighter Wing ) in December 1944 . Leie was killed over Drogomyśl , 20 km northeast of Cieszyn ( southern Poland ) on 7 March 1945 , when he collided with a crashing Russian Yak 9 fighter and failed to survive a low level bail - out from his Bf 109 G - 14 / AS . He was officially credited with 118 victories from over 500 combat missions . He claimed 76 victories over the Eastern front , including 32 Il - 2 Sturmovik ground attack aircraft . Among his 42 claims recorded over the Western front , 30 were Supermarine Spitfire fighters and one was a four - engine bomber .
Royal Welsh The Royal Welsh ( R WELSH ) ( Welsh " Y Cymry Brenhinol " ) is one of the new large infantry regiment s of the British Army . Its formation was announced on 16 December 2004 by Geoff Hoon and General Sir Mike Jackson as part of the restructuring of the infantry and it was actually formed on St David ' s Day , 1 March 2006 . The 2nd Battalion , The Royal Welsh ( Royal Regiment of Wales ) , is to be scrapped as part of the Army 2020 defence review . A more recent news report stated that " it will in fact be the 1st Battalion which will disappear , being dissolved into the 2nd Battalion with the latter then being renamed as the 1st . " . After the restructuring and reorganisation of the army in 2006 , the Royal Welsh is one of three regiments to trace its lineage and draw its recruits primarily from Wales . Formation . The Royal Welsh consists of two regular battalions , plus a TA battalion , and was created through the merger of two single battalion regiments . The former regiments formed part of the battalion title ( in brackets ) : The Regiment ' s cap badge is a representation of the Prince of Wales ' s feathers ( formerly the cap badge of the Royal Regiment of Wales ) , while the hackle of the Royal Welch Fusiliers is worn by all NCOs and Other Ranks . HM The Queen is the new regiment ' s Colonel - in - Chief . The regiment includes a goat , presented by the monarch ; this is not a mascot but a ranking soldier . Lance Corporal William Windsor retired on 20 May 2009 ; a replacement , Fusilier William Windsor , was appointed on 15 June 2009 . Regimental Band . The Regimental Band of the Royal Welsh is the last all - brass band within the British Army . Formed of 30 soldiers within the Third Battalion , the Territorial Army section , it is renowned for its versatility , and can provide : In October 2009 , due to £54m of Ministry of Defence budget cuts affecting front line services including the war in Afghanistan , all bookings from end of October 2009 until April 2010 were cancelled . This covered the Autumn Rugby Union International s and Remembrance Day . Band members agreed to honour all charity appearances during this period , but without pay . These budget cuts have since been reversed and the band continues to perform .
Echo - class survey ship ( 2002 ) The " Echo " - class is a class of hydrographic survey ships in commission with the British Royal Navy tasked with conducting survey work in support of submarine and amphibious operations . The two vessels of the class are the most recent additions to the Royal Navy ' s Hydrographic Squadron . Each ship displaces approximately 3 , 500 tonnes , and is equipped with a state of the art suite of equipment . Design . " Echo " and " Enterprise " are the first Royal Navy ships to be fitted with azimuth thruster s . Both azimuth thrusters and the bow thruster can be controlled through the integrated navigation system by a joystick providing high manoeuvrability . Complete control and monitoring for power generation and propulsion , together with all auxiliary plant systems , tank gauging and damage control functions is provided through the integrated platform management system ( IPMS ) , accessible through workstations around the ship . The range of equipment carried includes the following : Role . The vessels are designed to conduct survey tasks in support of submarines or amphibious operations . They can provide almost real - time tailored environmental information , and also have a secondary role as a mine countermeasure tasking authority platform , for which they are capable of embarking a dedicated mine counter measures command team , and supporting other mine warfare vessels . Manning . The two ships follow the same type of crew rotation pattern as , in that two - thirds of their crew is needed to keep the ship operational , with the remaining one - third ashore . This allows each ship to be available for deployment for up to 330 days a year . The ship ' s crew consists of 72 personnel , with 48 on board at any one time , working a cycle of 75 days on , 30 days off . The ships are able to accommodate 81 personnel if necessary . In support of this high availability , all accommodation and recreational facilities are designed for an unusual ( in a warship ) degree of comfort . All personnel share double cabins with private facilities , except the captain and executive officer who both have single cabins .
41st Army ( Russia ) The 41st Army ( ) is a field army of the Russian Ground Forces , currently part of the Siberian Military District . Originally , it was formed in 1942 as part of the Soviet Red Army , during World War II . It was reformed in 1998 , probably on December 1 , when the Transbaikal Military District and Siberian Military District were amalgamated . War service . The 41st army was created in May 1942 , on the base of Nikolai Berzarin and Tarasov ' s operative groups . Its structure also included the 134th , 135th , 179th and 234th rifle divisions , the 17th Guards Rifle Division , the 21st Tank Brigade , two separate Guards mortar battalions , and several other separate elements . From May to November 1942 , the army was focused on defending the South - Western approach to the city of Bely . In late November , the army joined the Rzhev offensive operation ( also known as " Operation Mars " ) . During that time , the army was engaged with the German XLI Panzer Corps . The army ' s offensive failed , and they were surrounded by the German XXX Army Corps ( Germany ) . By December 8 , the surrounded forced were destroyed . In March 1943 , the newly reinforced 41st Army joined the Rzhev - Vyazma operation . The offensive was a success and German forces in the Rzhev - Vyazma area were annihilated . Following the operation , the forces of the army were transferred to the 39th Army and the 43rd Army , while the 41st Army itself was send to the STAVKA reserves . On April 9 , 1943 , the army was disbanded and its remaining forces would form the Reserve Front . Structure . June 1 , 1942 : September 1 , 1942 : December 1 , 1942 : March 1 , 1943 :
Bogue - class escort carrier The " Bogue " class were a group of escort carrier s built in the United States for service with the U . S . Navy and ( under lend - lease ) the Royal Navy during World War II . The ships operated by the Royal Navy were renamed and grouped as the " Attacker " class and the " Ruler " class ; the latter all having names of " Ruler " s . Origins . The " Bogue " - class escort carriers were based on the Maritime Commission ' s Type C3 cargo ship hull . Most were built by the Seattle - Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation , but some of the early examples were produced by Ingalls Shipbuilding of Pascagoula , Mississippi and by the Western Pipe and Steel Company of San Francisco , California . They all were named for sound s , and were equipped with derricks for retrieving seaplane s . Transfer to the Royal Navy . Most of the ships of the class were transferred to the Royal Navy under the provisions of the Lend - Lease program ; they were given new names for their RN service and returned to the U . S . Navy after the war . The first group to be transferred were known by the RN as the Attacker " - class ; in their place replacements were constructed with the same names for the American fleet . A second group of ships were built and sent almost in its entirety to the Royal Navy , known as the Ameer " - class or the Ruler - class in British service , and sometimes as the " Prince William " - class in the U . S . Navy . As delivered , these carriers required modifications to conform to Royal Naval standards and , for some ships , the initial works were done at Burrard Dry Dock at Vancouver , Canada . These included extending the flight deck , fitting redesigned flying controls and fighter direction layout , modifications to hangar , accommodation and store rooms , extra safety measures , oiling at sea arrangements , gunnery and other internal communications , extra wireless and radio facilities , ship black - out arrangements and other items deemed necessary for British service . The consequential delays in getting these ships into active service caused critical comments from some in the U . S . Navy . Ships . Second group ( USN " Bogue " / RN " Ameer " or " Ruler " class ) . General characteristics as the " Attacker " class , except for displacement and armament .
Capture of the Brillante The Capture of the " Brillante " occurred around 1832 and was considered a significant feat in the Blockade of Africa . " Brillante " was a brig captured by the British Royal Navy after two failed attempts . She was a slave ship of sixty men and ten guns and after capture , her crew were tried and condemned for piracy . The " Brillante " was under the command of an English captain named Homans when she was seized . Homans was an experienced slaver who in ten cruises had landed 5 , 000 slaves on the coasts of Brazil and Cuba . The " Brillante " reportedly fought at least two battles against the British anti - slavery patrols . She allegedly forced the crew of one British cruiser to abandon ship after a bloody action and on a different occasion , she repulsed boats from a Royal Navy sloop - of - war . Finally , four navy vessels trapped the " Brillante " by surrounding her . Just before his capture , Captain Homans murdered around 600 slaves by ordering that their hands be tied to the ship ' s anchor and that they be thrown over the side . The Britons who captured the ship arrived just after the incident and took control without resistance .
USS Delegate ( AM - 217 ) USS " Delegate " ( AM - 217 ) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II . She was awarded one battle star for service in the Pacific during World War II . She was decommissioned in May 1946 and turned over to the Republic of China . Named ROCS " Yung Ho " ( PF - 53 ) in the Republic of China Navy , she served until September 1962 when she was stricken . Her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary source s . Career . " Delegate " was launched 28 March 1943 by Tampa Shipbuilding Co . , Inc . , Tampa , Florida ; sponsored by Miss L . Bourget ; and commissioned 30 April 1945 , Lieutenant N . W . Millard , USNR , in command . " Delegate " sailed from Norfolk , Virginia , 14 July 1945 and called at Guantánamo Bay , San Pedro , Pearl Harbor , Eniwetok , and Saipan before arriving at Usuki Bay , Kyūshū , 3 November as escort for two LST ' s . She swept mines in Tsushima Straits from 15 to 22 December , then supervised Japan ese minesweepers clearing the northern Futagami minefields from 20 January to 26 January 1946 . " Delegate " arrived at Kure 6 February to provide logistics support for the YMS s engaged in widening the swept channel to that port . " Delegate " left Kure , Japan , 24 February 1946 and arrived at Subic Bay , Luzon , 5 March to have her armament removed . On 8 April she sailed for Shanghai , China , arriving 5 days later . She was decommissioned and turned over to the State Department 29 May 1946 for further transfer to the Republic of China , by which she was renamed and reclassified , ROCS " Yung Ho " ( PF - 53 ) . She was decommissioned and struck from the Republic of China Navy on 1 September 1962 ; her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary source s . Awards . " Delegate " received one battle star for World War II service .