naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Vice President of the Confederate States of America The Vice President of the Confederate States of America was the office held by Alexander H . Stephens of Georgia , who served under President Jefferson Davis of Mississippi from February 18 , 1861 to May 11 , 1865 . Having first been elected by the Confederate Congress , both were considered provisional office - holders until they won the general election of November 6 , 1861 without opposition . The office . According to the Confederate States Constitution , the Vice President ' s office was almost entirely identical to that of the Vice President of the United States . The Vice President was elected by an electoral college ( closely modeled after the U . S . Electoral College ) along with the President . If no candidate won a majority in the Electoral College , the Confederate Senate would elect the Vice President from the top two vote - getters . Candidates for President and Vice President could not be citizens of the same state . Like the President , the Vice President had to be a natural - born citizen of the Confederacy or a natural - born citizen of the U . S . born prior to December 20 , 1860 , and a resident in the Confederacy for over 14 years . The major difference between the U . S . and the Confederate Vice Presidencies was that the Confederate term in office was six years long . The President was explicitly forbidden from running for a second term by the constitution , but the Vice President was not . It was unclear whether or not a Vice President , who became President in the middle of a term , could run for his own term afterward . Duties . The Vice President ' s primary duty was presiding over the Confederate Senate and breaking tied votes , as the U . S . Vice President presides and breaks ties in the U . S . Senate . He was also the first person in the line of succession . If the President died , resigned or was removed from office , the Vice President would become the new president for the remainder of his term . This never happened . During his tenure in office , Vice President Alexander Stephens grew increasingly distant from President Davis and spent less and less time in Richmond , the Confederate capital . He eventually spent much of his time trying , without success , to maintain diplomatic channels with the USA and to push for a negotiated end to the war . He was sent by Davis to represent the Confederate government at the Hampton Roads peace conference .
Mars - class combat stores ship The " Mars " - class combat stores ships were a class of seven auxiliary vessels of the United States Navy . They are designed for underway replenishment , in support of carrier task force groups , carrying miscellaneous stores and munitions . Initially they carried no fuel oil or liquid cargo , but by the early 1990s the class was refitted with limited refuel capacities for F - 76 Fuel . None of the original seven ships originally commissioned by the US Navy remain in service . This class has been replaced by the Lewis and Clark class dry cargo ship s . Cargo capacity was approximately 7 , 000 tons in five holds , with hangar space for two UH - 46 helicopters . Brief history . These ships were constructed in mid - 1960s , while early units commissioned in the late 1960s served in the Vietnam War . The vessels supported combat operations off the coast . These ships continued to support naval units during their time in service in US Navy until the mid - 1990s . These ships were present and supported operations in Red Sea and the Persian Gulf during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm . By the mid - 1990s , five of the seven ships were transferred to the Military Sealift Command . Ships . The ships of the class are named for American resort and significant historical towns / cities .
Ding Wenchang Ding Wenchang ( Chinese : 丁文昌 ; October 1933 - ) is a general in the People ' s Liberation Army of the People ' s Republic of China . Born in Suzhou , Anhui Province , he joined the army in July 1951 and Joined Communist Party of China in May 1956 . He graduated from PLA 16th infantry school , and also studied in 5th preparatory group of Air Force and the 10th aeronautics school of PLA . In January 1954 , he became a mechanist in a division of Air Force , supervisor assistant in organization section of political department of the division and the vice political commissar of airplane group . He was appointed secretary of secretariat of political department of Air Force in March 1966 . In October 1970 , he was elevated to vice section chief and later section chief of cadres section in political department of Air Force , and vice director of cadre section of political department of Air Force in PLA Shenyang Military Region . In May 1980 , he became vice political commissar of air - arm division of Air Force . In July 1981 , he was promoted to director of cadre section of political department of Air Force in Shenyang Military Region . He became a vice political commissar of Air Force army corps in May 1983 . From September 1983 to January 1984 , he was studying at CPC Central Party School . In November 1985 , he became vice director of political department of Air Force . He was made director of political department and standing committee member of CPC committee in Air Force . From March to May 1989 , he was trained as a senior official at PLA National Defense University . From November 1992 to January 1999 , he served as political commissar and Party chief of PLA Air Force . Ding was a delegate to 7th National People ' s Congress , and was a member of 14th and 15th Central Committee of CPC . He was awarded the rank of major general of Air Force in September 1988 , lieutenant general of Air Force in July 1990 , and general of Air Force in January 1996 .
188th ( Saskatchewan ) Battalion , CEF The 188th ( Saskatchewan ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Prince Albert , Saskatchewan , the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915 / 16 throughout northern Saskatchewan . After sailing to England in October 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 15th Reserve Battalion on January 4 , 1917 . The 188th ( Saskatchewan ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . S . J . Donaldson . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
USS Gem ( SP - 41 ) USS " Gem " ( SP - 41 ) was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Gem " was built in 1913 as a private steam - powered yacht of the same name by George Lawley & Son at Neponset , Massachusetts . The U . S . Navy acquired her under charter from her owner , William Ziegler , Jr . , on 26 March 1917 for World War I service . She was commissioned as USS " Gem " ( SP - 41 ) on 1 June 1917 at New York City with Ensign Leroy J . Small , USNRF , in command . " Gem " performed harbor entrance patrol at New Haven , Connecticut , until 12 December 1917 . She was then assigned to experimental work under the Submarine Defense Association . In this duty , carried out at New York City ; New London , Connecticut ; Newport , Rhode Island ; and New Haven , she experimented with camouflage defense , tested the Bates Automatic Course Indicator , and experimented with various submarine detection devices , including the Sanborn Speed Indicator . She also performed colloidal fuel experiments with pulverized coal at New Haven and New York . The Navy decommissioned " Gem " on 10 January 1919 and returned her to her owner the same day .
Tacco A TACCO ( military abbreviation for " TACtical COordinator " ) ( pronounced ' TACK - oh ' ) is the aircrew member responsible for coordinating the activities of the part of the crew responsible for the tactical operation of the aircraft and its systems . The TACCO may , depending on the country , be the Mission Commander of the crew . Typically , TACCOs run the missions in CH - 124 Sea King helicopters , P - 3 Orion patrol aircraft and S - 3 Viking aircraft . They are specially trained for antisubmarine warfare tactics , but also participate in other missions in which these aircraft are involved .
Joseph E . Muller Joseph E . Muller ( June 23 , 1908 – May 16 , 1945 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II during the Battle of Okinawa . Muller joined the Army from New York City in March 1942 and by May 15 , 1945 was serving as a Sergeant in Company B , 305th Infantry Regiment , 77th Infantry Division . On that day , during a battle for a ridge near Ishimmi on Okinawa in the Ryukyu Islands , he exposed himself to enemy fire and charged the Japan ese positions alone . The next morning , when Japanese soldiers made an attempt to re - take the ridge , Muller again charged and routed them . When one one of the Japanese soldiers threw a hand grenade into his foxhole , he threw himself onto the device to protect two of his comrades . He died in the resulting explosion and , on July 17 , 1946 , was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor . Aged 36 at his death , Muller was buried at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific in Honolulu , Hawaii . Medal of Honor citation . Sergeant Muller ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : He displayed conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty . When his platoon was stopped by deadly fire from a strongly defended ridge , he directed men to points where they could cover his attack . Then through the vicious machinegun and automatic fire , crawling forward alone , he suddenly jumped up , hurled his grenades , charged the enemy , and drove them into the open where his squad shot them down . Seeing enemy survivors about to man a machinegun , He fired his rifle at point - blank range , hurled himself upon them , and killed the remaining 4 . Before dawn the next day , the enemy counterattacked fiercely to retake the position . Sgt . Muller crawled forward through the flying bullets and explosives , then leaping to his feet , hurling grenades and firing his rifle , he charged the Japs and routed them . As he moved into his foxhole shared with 2 other men , a lone enemy , who had been feigning death , threw a grenade . Quickly seeing the danger to his companions , Sgt . Muller threw himself over it and smothered the blast with his body . Heroically sacrificing his life to save his comrades , he upheld the highest traditions of the military service .
103rd Mahratta Light Infantry The 103rd Mahratta Light Infantry were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1768 , when they were raised as the 2nd Battalion , Bombay Sepoys . The regiment was first in action in the Mysore Campaign during the Third Anglo - Mysore War , quickly followed by the Battle of Seedaseer and the Battle of Seringapatam in the Fourth Anglo - Mysore War . Their next action was at Beni Boo Ali against pirates in Eastern Arabia and the Persian Gulf region led the East India Company to carry out a punitive expedition in 1819 to Ras al Khaimah which destroyed the pirate base and removed the threat from the Persian Gulf . In 1848 , the regiment took part in the Siege of Multan and the Battle of Gujrat in the Second Anglo - Sikh War . The 1868 Expedition to Abyssinia was next for the regiment . This was a punitive expedition carried out by armed forces of the British Empire against the Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia , he had imprisoned several missionaries and two representatives of the British government . During World War I they took part in the Mesopotamia Campaign . With the 17th Indian Brigade they were at the Battle of Es Sinn . They were then captured with the 6th ( Poona ) Division after the Siege of Kut . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 103rd Mahratta Light Infantry became the 1st Battalion 5th Mahratta Light Infantry . After independence they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army .
Hugh Trefusis Brassey Colonel Sir Hugh Trefusis Brassey KCVO , OBE , MC , DL , JP ( 5 October 1915 – 1990 ) was a British soldier and magistrate . Background . He was the son of Lieutenant - Colonel Edgar Hugh Brassey , grandson of Henry Arthur Brassey , and his wife Margaret Harriet Trefusis , daughter of Hon . Walter Rodolph Trefusis . Brassey was educated at Eton College and at the Royal Military College , Sandhurst . Career . He joined in the Royal Scots Greys as second lieutenant in 1935 During the Second World War , he was involved in the Syria - Lebanon Campaign in 1941 and the Battle of El Alamein in the following year . He took part in the Salerno Landings of 1943 and also in the Normandy Landings of 1944 . In 1944 , Brassey was decorated with the Military Cross and the French Croix de Guerre . After the war , he was transferred as lieutenant - colonel to the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry in 1955 . In the New Year Honours 1959 Brassey was awarded an Officer of the Order of the British Empire . He was appointed aide - de - camp to Queen Elizabeth II in 1964 , a post he held for five years . In 1974 , Brassey was appointed colonel of the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards . He entered the Yeomen of the Guard as exon in 1964 and became its ensign in 1970 . Brassey was promoted to adjutant and clerk of the cheque the year thereafter and finally to lieutenant in 1979 . Following his retirement in 1985 , he was made as a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order . He was High Sheriff of Wiltshire in 1959 and represented the county also as Justice of the Peace . Having been already Deputy Lieutenant from 1956 and Vice Lord Lieutenant from 1968 , Brassey was nominated Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire in 1981 , an office he held until 1989 . He was invested a Knight of the Venerable Order of Saint John in 1982 . Family . On 18 July 1939 , he married Joyce Patricia Kingscote , daughter of Captain Maurice John Kingscote , and had by her three daughters and two sons .
John Thomason John William Thomason , Jr . ( Huntsville , Texas , 28 February 1893 - 12 March 1944 , San Diego , California ) was a Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Marine Corps , as well as an author and illustrator of several books and magazine stories . Military and literary career . The son of a physician and the grandson of Confederate General James Longstreet ' s chief of staff Major TJ Goree , John Thomason enlisted in the United States Marine Corps on 6 April 1917 and served until his death in 1944 . In 1917 Thomason married Leda Bass ; they had one son , John " Jack " W Thomason III , born in 1920 . Serving as a Marine in World War II , Jack died in an airplane crash in Calcutta , India , in 1947 . During World War I Thomason served as the executive officer of the 49th Company , 1st Battalion , 5th Marine Regiment and was awarded the Navy Cross . Thomason served in , Cuba , Haiti , and Nicaragua . He led the Horse Marines at the Legation in Peking , commanded the 38th Company in China , commanded the Marine Detachment of the , and was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel commanding the 2nd Battalion , 6th Marine Regiment at San Diego then was assigned to the Office of Naval Intelligence prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor . At the beginning of American involvement in World War II Thomason was assigned to Admiral Chester Nimitz ' s staff as an inspector of Marine installations and visited Guadalcanal during the fighting . The U . S Navy destroyer was named after him . During a posting as commander of the Marine Detachment Naval Ammunition Depot in Dover , Delaware , he met an old Marine Corps Base Quantico classmate and comrade in arms from the World War , Laurence Stallings famed for authoring " What Price Glory ? " . Stallings introduced him to the editor of Scribner ' s Magazine who engaged Thomason to write and illustrate for the magazine whilst remaining on active duty with the Marine Corps . Books . Thomason wrote and illustrated over sixty short stories and magazine articles and wrote and edited book reviews for the American Mercury magazine . His books include -
Henry Waterhouse Henry Waterhouse ( 13 December 1770 – 27 July 1812 ) was a British officer of the Royal Navy who is strongly associated with the early European settlement of Australia . Henry Waterhouse was born at Westminster , London , England on 13 December 1770 . He was one of twelve children born to William Waterhouse and Susanna Brewer . His father had once been the Page of Honour to Prince Henry , Duke of Cumberland , King George III ' s younger brother . Henry was the Duke ' s godson and namesake . His elder sister Elizabeth , born 14 June 1768 , was married to his friend and associate , naval surgeon George Bass . Waterhouse joined the navy as a boy and saw service in various ships before joining the " Sirius " as a midshipman in 1786 . He sailed with the First Fleet to Australia and was present in 1788 at the first settlement of New South Wales and the settlement of Norfolk Island , returning to Britain in 1791 as a lieutenant . He transferred to the " Bellerophon " in 1793 and served in the battle of the Glorious First of June in 1794 . In July 1794 Waterhouse took charge of the " Reliance " as Commander and returned to Sydney in September 1795 carrying the new Governor , John Hunter , as well as his future brother - in - law George Bass , Matthew Flinders , and the Aboriginal Bennelong . In 1796 he sailed to the Cape Colony to procure livestock for New South Wales and brought back the first Merino sheep to be imported to Australia . Subsequently he made several voyages to Norfolk Island and was the first person to chart the Antipodes Islands in 1800 . Waterhouse returned to Britain in 1800 and lived most of the rest of his life near Rochester , Kent . He never married , though he had an illegitimate daughter who was born in Sydney in 1791 . He is commemorated in the name of Waterhouse Island in north - eastern Tasmania .
Sicily – Rome American Cemetery and Memorial The Sicily – Rome American Cemetery and Memorial is a cemetery in Italy for American military personnel who were killed in World War II . History and design . Established in Nettuno , Lazio , as a temporary wartime cemetery on 24 January 1944 , two days after the landing at Anzio and Nettuno codenamed Operation Shingle the site covers , rising in a gentle slope from a broad pool with an island and cenotaph flanked by groups of Italian cypress trees . Beyond the pool is the immense field of headstones of 7 , 861 of American military war dead , arranged in gentle arcs on broad green lawns beneath rows of Roman pines . The majority of these men died in the liberation of Sicily , codenamed Operation Husky ( 10 July to 17 August 1943 ) ; in the landings in the Salerno Area , codenamed Operation Avalanche ( 9 September 1943 ) and the heavy fighting northward ; in the landings , codenamed Operation Shingle , at Anzio and Nettuno and expansion of the beachhead ( 22 January 1944 to May 1944 ) ; and in air and naval support in the regions . A wide central mall leads to the memorial , rich in works of art and architecture , expressing America ' s remembrance of the dead . It consists of a chapel to the south , a peristyle , and a map room to the north . On the white marble walls of the chapel are engraved the names of 3 , 095 of the missing . Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified . The map room contains a bronze relief map and four fresco maps depicting the military operations in Sicily and Italy . At each end of the memorial are ornamental Italian gardens . Visiting . Hours . The cemetery is open daily to the public from 9 a . m . to 5 p . m . except 25 December and 1 January . It is open on host country holidays . When the cemetery is open to the public , a staff member is on duty in the Visitor Building to answer questions and escort relatives to grave and memorial sites . How to get there . The cemetery lies at the north edge of Nettuno , which is immediately east of Anzio , south of Rome . The cemetery can be reached by car from Rome along the Via Pontina ( highway 148 ) . Drive south approximately and exit at Campoverde Nord / Nettuno . Turn right to Nettuno , continuing 5½ miles to the cemetery . A visitor who is not familiar with Nettuno should consider downloading a map for directions within Nettuno . There is hourly train service from the Rome Termini railway station to Nettuno , where taxicabs can be hired . In the alternative , travelers can walk from the train station ( taking via Cavour to via Santa Maria ) and reach the cemetery within about 20 minutes . There are numerous hotels in Anzio and Nettuno .
AO - 31 The AO - 31 was a Soviet fully automatic assault rifle chambered for the 5 . 45×39mm and 7 . 62×39mm rounds , developed from 1962 to 1964 . The weapon is Simonov ' s adaption of the AK - 47 platform as a result of its reliability . AO - 31 - 7 . AO - 31 - 7 was a caseless variant of the AO - 31 assault rifle .
Arduin the Lombard Arduin the Lombard ( or Arduin of Melfi ) was a Greek - speaking Lombard nobleman who fought originally for the Byzantines on Sicily and later against them as the leader of a band of Norman mercenaries . He was the leader of the troops committed by Guaimar IV of Salerno to George Maniakes ' Sicilian expedition in 1038 . According to Amatus of Montecassino , he refused to surrender a captured horse to the Byzantine general and Maniakes consequently had him stripped and beaten . Whatever happened , Arduin and his Salernitan contingent along with the Normans ( also sent by Guaimar ) and the Varangians ( sent by Emperor Constantine IX ) abandoned Sicily and returned to the mainland . On the peninsula , the Byzantine catepan of Italy , Michael Doukeianos , appointed him " topoterites " of Melfi . He soon revolted against Greek authority in Apulia and he and his Normans joined the rebellion - in - progress of Argyrus . First , the nominal leader of the insurrection , Atenulf , Prince of Benevento , defected to the Greeks and then Argyrus , his successor . The Normans , bypassing Arduin ( who may also have been bought off by the Greeks ) , chose their own successor to Argyrus , William Iron Arm , and Arduin faded completely out of view .
39M Csaba The 39M Csaba was an armoured scout car produced for the Royal Hungarian Army during World War II . Hungarian expatriate Nicholas Straussler designed several armoured cars for Britain while living there between the two world wars . Straussler came to an agreement with the Weiss Manfred factory of Csepel , Budapest to produce vehicles from his designs for use in his home country - the most prominent was the Csaba ( named after the son of Attila the Hun ) which was designed based on his experience of the Alvis AC2 armoured car . After successful trials in 1939 , the Hungarian Army placed an order for 61 , and a further order for an additional 40 vehicles was placed in 1940 . Of these , twenty were used as actual fighting vehicles , with the remainder serving as armoured command cars and reconnaissance vehicles . The Csaba had a 20 mm cannon and an 8 mm machine gun fixed on a centrally mounted turret , with 9 mm armoured plating . The vehicle was also equipped with a detachable 8 mm light machine gun fired through the rear hatch in the anti - aircraft role . The crew could dismount and carry this MG when conducting reconnaissance on foot . It also had two driving positions - one at the front as normal , and an additional one at the rear . The 40M Csaba was a command version armed only with the turret - mounted 8 mm machine gun . This vehicle was fitted with a second R - 4T radio , which had a large lattice radio mast .
French frigate Infatigable ( 1800 ) Infatigable was a 40 - gun " Valeureuse " class frigate of the French Navy , built at Le Havre in 1797 - 1800 . She took part in Allemand ' s expedition of 1805 . In the Action of 25 September 1806 , she and " Gloire " , " Minerve " and " Armide " were after leaving Rochefort captured by a four - ship squadron under Samuel Hood . She was taken into Royal Navy service as HMS " Immortalite " , but never used and broken up in 1811 .