naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Sopwith Admiralty Type 137 The Sopwith Admiralty Types 137 and 138 were a pair of single - engine , two - seat naval biplane floatplanes , built to a British Admiralty order in 1914 . They were similar in design but with a more powerful engine the Type 138 was the larger and heavier . They were used in early torpedo dropping experiments in 1914 . Design and development . The Admiralty Types 137 and 138 were built by Sopwiths to a contract calling for two similarly laid out floatplanes powered by different makes of engine of markedly different powers . This requirement lead to the two aircraft having significantly different dimensions and weights . They were built in parallel and handed over to the Admiralty within a few days of each other in August 1914 . They were both biplanes , with round tipped constant chord wings connected by pairs of parallel interplane struts . The Type 137 was a standard two bay biplane but the 8 ft ( 2 . 4 m ) larger span Type 138 had an additional small inner bay . There was some stagger , though less on the Type 138 . The upper wing had the greater span , overhanging by 6 ft ( 1 . 8 m ) on the Type 137 and by 4 ft ( 1 . 2 m ) on the Type 138 . This overhang was braced with an extra pair of interplane struts , leaning outwards and attached to the lower wing at the same points as the outer vertical interplane struts . There were externally interconnected ailerons on both upper and lower wings . The lower wings were attached to the bottom fuselage and the upper ones supported well above the cockpits by cabane struts . The fuselage was a flat sided , wooden , cross braced girder structure . This carried a conventional fin and rudder , plus a rectangular tailplane , mounted on top of the fuselage , with split elevators . There were two cockpits in tandem , with the pilot seated aft . Both types had long , flat sided floats with curved upper and lower surfaces , the latter with a single step . These were attached to the fuselage with a fore and aft pair of inverted W - form struts , the latter leaf sprung . A similar , though smaller and unstepped third float was mounted on long struts beneath the tail , fitted with a water rudder . The principal difference between the two types was the engine . The smaller Type 137 was designed for , and initially flown with , a 120 hp ( 90 kW ) 6 - cylinder inline water - cooled Austro - Daimler , while the Type 138 had a 200 hp ( 150 kW ) Salmson 2M7 14 - cylinder water - cooled radial . Engine choice determined the shape of the nose : the inline engine had a rectangular radiator mounted in front of it , projecting slightly above the upper fuselage line , whereas the radial was uncowled , with a pair of vertical radiators mounted in the small inner bays of the Type 138 . Operational history . Both aircraft operated in the Solent area from August 1914 until they were withdrawn from use in January 1916 . The Type 138 was used in successful torpedo dropping trials in August and September 1914 . The Type 137 was badly damaged in September 1914 and was later fitted with the same type of engine as in the Type 138 .
Destruction of Psara The Destruction of Psara was an event in which the Ottomans destroyed the civilian population of the Greek island of Psara on July 5 , 1824 . According to George Finlay , the entire population of the island Psara before the massacre was about 7 , 000 .
Erwin Sander Erwin Sander ( 5 March 1892 – 7 December 1962 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several divisions . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
German submarine U - 270 German submarine " U - 270 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 15 October 1941 at the " Bremer - Vulkan - Vegesacker Werft " ( yard ) in Bremen as ' werk ' 35 . She was launched on 11 July 1942 and commissioned on 5 September under the command of " Oberleutnant " Paul - Fredrich Otto . In six patrols , she caused one British warship of to be declared a total loss . She was a member of seven wolf pack s . She was sunk in August 1943 in the Bay of Biscay by an Australian aircraft . Service history . After training with the 8th U - boat Flotilla , the boat became operational on 1 April 1943 when she was transferred to the 6th flotilla . 1st and 2nd patrols . " U - 270 " s first patrol began when she departed Kiel on 23 March 1943 . She entered the Atlantic Ocean after negotiating the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands . Two crew members were injured in bad weather on 4 April . She then docked at the French Atlantic port of St . Nazaire on 15 May . For her second sortie , the boat moved through the Atlantic waters off northwest Spain . 3rd and 4th patrols . She attacked the British frigate which caused the warship to be declared a total loss . During an attack on a convoy in mid - Atlantic , the boat ' s pressure hull was cracked by depth charge s dropped by the escorts ; the submarine was forced to return to base . " U - 270 " was attacked by a British B - 17 Flying Fortress on 6 January 1944 and succeeded in shooting the aircraft down , but not before sufficient damage was caused to force the U - boat to curtail the patrol . 5th patrol . The submarine was returning to base after being attacked and badly damaged by a Vickers Wellington of No . 172 Squadron RAF , when she was attacked by a second Fortress , this time from 53 Squadron . This B - 17 was also shot down , but did not cause any further damage to the boat . 6th patrol and loss . " U - 270 " departed Lorient for the last time on 10 August 1944 . In the Bay of Biscay , she was attacked and sunk by an Australian Sunderland flying boat of No . 461 Squadron RAAF on the 13th . There were no deaths ; seventy - one men survived .
Ataollah Salehi Major General Ataollah Salehi ( ) ( born 9 March 1950 ) is the current commander - in - chief of the Iranian Army since 2005 . He graduated before the Islamic Revolution from the Iranian Army ' s military academy in 1971 with the rank of Artillery Second Lieutenant of the Army ' s Ground Forces . He has the direct operational command authority over the commanders of Iranian Army ' s Ground Forces , Air Force , Navy and Air Defense Force . As head of Iran ' s regular military he is a member of Iran ' s Supreme National Security Council . Criticizing the IRGC . The Iranian Army has published an article on the 8th of February 2009 , heavily criticizing the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution ( IRGC ) and Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting ( IRIB ) for falsification of the facts about the Iran – Iraq War in favor of the IRGC and ignoring the role of the Iranian Army in the war . Major General Salehi as the commander - in - chief of the Army along with other high ranking generals of the Army signed this article in an extremely shocking action for the IRGC and the top level officials of the Iranian regime . Because it was the very first time in the Islamic Republic ' s history that an official organisation has dared to publicly criticize the IRGC , as the IRGC is considered a holy organisation and the main military force to harass and crush the Islamic Revolution ' s opposition forces . This action of Major General Salehi is believed to aim at reconstruction of the Army ' s authority which has been sharply declined after the Islamic Revolution . Quotes . " The enemy has gone insane and given the insane enemy ' s history , we should always be prepared . " " The Iranian nation will observe that we will manufacture the largest destroyer and the most advanced submarines in the region . Mass production of fighter jets , the samples of which were unveiled last year ( 2008 ) , and plans to manufacture vessels and submarines will be on our agenda in the new ( Iranian ) year ( started 20 March ) . " " The characteristics of the Zionist regime of Israel are terrorism , espionage and blood - sucking , usurper regime which has occupied Palestinian lands by force . Israel cannot continue its military , political and social life . Hence , it is trying to postpone its disintegration through activities such as espionage . " " Israel can never make its threat operational . "
George H . Perkins Commodore George Hamilton Perkins ( 20 October 1836 - 28 October 1899 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the American Civil War . Biography . Born in Contoocookville , New Hampshire in the northern part of Hopkinton to the Honorable Hamilton Eliot Perkins , George was appointed as Acting Midshipman in October 1851 and graduated from the U . S . Naval Academy with the class of 1856 . During the rest of that decade Midshipman Perkins served on at sea on the sloop of war " Cyane " , the storeship " Release " and the steamer " Sumpter " . He attained the ranks of Master in 1859 and Lieutenant in February 1861 , on the eve of the Civil War . Perkins spent the conflict ' s first several months in the " Sumpter " , operating on anti - slavery patrols . In late 1861 he became Commanding Officer of the new gunboat " Cayuga " , in which he performed distinguished service during the 1862 campaigns to capture New Orleans and the lower Mississippi River . He was next Executive Officer of the steam sloop " Pensacola " , receiving promotion to Lieutenant Commander at the end of 1862 . His service on the Mississippi and in the Gulf of Mexico continued in 1863 - 1865 , including command of gunboats " New London " and " Sciota " , and the monitor " Chickasaw " . While in the latter ship , his aggressive and effective conduct during the August 1864 Battle of Mobile Bay was a major factor in the capture of the Confederate ironclad " Tennessee " . In the years immediately following the Civil War Lieutenant Commander Perkins was Superintendent of Iron - Clads at New Orleans , Executive Officer of the steam sloop " Lackawanna " in the North Pacific , and had ordnance duty at the Boston Navy Yard . Reaching the rank of Commander in early 1871 , he spent the next decade as Commanding Officer of the storeship " Relief " and gunboat " Ashuelot " and had further shore duty at Boston . Perkins was promoted to Captain in 1882 and commanded the Pacific Station flagship during the mid - 1880s . Captain Perkins ' subsequent active service was limited to court - martial duty . He was transferred to the Retired List in October 1891 , but in 1896 received a Congressionally authorized promotion to the retired rank of Commodore in recognition of his gallantry and skill during the Battle of Mobile Bay three decades earlier . Commodore Perkins died at Boston on 28 October 1899 . Family . The commodore married a daughter of William Fletcher Weld , a multimillionaire from Boston ' s famous Weld Family . Their daughter , Isabel Weld Perkins , married Larz Anderson , a wealthy businessman who served as Ambassador to Japan under William Howard Taft . Among the homes they maintained was Perkins Manor , the commodore ' s birthplace . The Andersons ' legacy to the public includes Anderson House , Anderson Memorial Bridge , Larz Anderson Auto Museum , Larz Anderson Bonsai Collection and Larz Anderson Park . Ships named after Perkins . The U . S . Navy has named three destroyer s in honor of George H . Perkins , including :
Prince Munetaka Prince Munetaka ( 宗尊親王 ) ( December 15 , 1242 – September 2 , 1274 ) was the sixth shogun of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan who reigned ( 1252 – 1266 ) . He was the first son of the Emperor Go - Saga and replaced the deposed Kujō Yoritsugu as shogun at the age of ten . He was a puppet ruler controlled by the Hōjō clan regents . The deposed shogun became a Buddhist monk in 1272 . His priestly name was Gyōshō . He was a writer of Waka poetry . Eras of Munetaka ' s " bakufu " . The years in which Munetaka was shogun are more specifically identified by more than one era name or " nengō " .
Dorand AR The Dorand AR . 1 was a World War One French two - seat observation biplane aircraft used by the French Air Force , the American Expeditionary Force and , in small numbers , by Serbian Aviation . Design and development . Designed by Captain Georges Lèpere of thr French Army Aircraft Establishment to replace the obsolescent Farman F . 40 pusher aircraft , Dorand AR - series were two - seater reconnaissance biplanes that were named after the F . A . A . E ' s director , Lt . Col . Dorand . They were characterized by backward - staggered three - bay wings and angular all - moving tail surfaces . The pilot sat beneath the leading edge of the upper wing , with the observer ' s cockpit being under the trailing edge , and there were cut - outs in both wings to improve the latter ' s field of view . Rather unusually for a single - engine tractor biplane of the era , the lower wing was not directly attached to the fuselage , instead being somewhat below it , supported by struts . Production of these aircraft began in a state - owned French Army Aircraft Establishment ( or S . T . Aé . ) factory at Chalais - Meudon , near Paris , after flight testing had been completed in the autumn 1916 . Operational history . The first of the thirteen squadrons which flew Dorands on the Western Front received their aircraft in the spring 1917 . Five other French squadrons used the type on the Italian Front . These aircraft were withdrawn from the combat units in early 1918 . In 1917 the American Expeditionary Force ordered the Renault - engined varieties of the Dorand , the first of 22 AR . 1s being delivered in December 1917 and the first of 120 AR . 2s in following February . The Americans operated these types on the Western Front for the first half 1918 , until replacing them with the Salmson 2 . After being retired from fighting duties , the surviving examples were used as trainers . A number of Dorand AR . 1s were also supplied to Kingdom of Serbia , which operated these aircraft in four squadrons from April 1918 onwards . While the Dorand AR - types didn ' t have a particularly distinguished career in either French or American service , having a rather mediocre performance for a late - war daytime reconnaissance aircraft and suffering from having been warranted a low priority for engine supplies , it is a testimony to the general soundness of the design that after the war , many AR . 1s and AR . 2s appeared in the French civil register , being used as 2 / 3 - passenger transports by companies like Compagnie Aérienne Française and Réseau Aérien Transafricain . Private users found the aircraft useful for training and joy - flights as well . Variants . There were following variants of the design : The AR . 1 and ARL . 1 had a wing span of , and used frontal radiators , while the AR . 2 and ARL . 2 were slightly smaller aircraft , with a wingspan of , the wing area being only 45 square metres , and wing mounted radiators . All these types had " A2 " added to their names in French service , indicating that they were being used as two - seater reconnaissance aircraft . External links . For the photographs of the Dorands see following pages :
Arthur J . Forrest Arthur J . Forrest ( January 1 , 1896 — November 30 , 1964 ) was an American soldier serving in the U . S . Army during World War I who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Arthur was born January 1 , 1896 in St . Louis , Missouri and after enlisting in the United States Army was sent to France to fight in World War I . He died November 30 , 1964 and is buried at Grand View Burial Park , Hannibal , Missouri . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Army , Company D , 354th Infantry , 89th Division . Place and date : Near Remonville , France , 1 November 1918 . Entered service at : Hannibal , Mo . Birth : St . Louis , Mo . G . O . No . : 50 , W . D . , 1919 . Citation : When the advance of his company was stopped by bursts of fire from a nest of 6 enemy machineguns , without being discovered , he worked his way single - handed to a point within 50 yards of the machinegun nest . Charging , single - handed , he drove out the enemy in disorder , thereby protecting the advance platoon from annihilating fire , and permitting the resumption of the advance of his company .
William E . Leonard William E . Leonard ( 1836 – February 8 , 1891 ) was a Private in the Union Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the American Civil War . He is buried at Jacksonville Cemetery Wind Ridge , Pennsylvania . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , Company F , 85th Pennsylvania Infantry . Place and date : At Deep Bottom , Va . , April 16 , 1864 . Entered service at : Jacksonville , Pa . Birth : Greene County , Pa . Date of issue : April 6 , 1865 . Citation : Capture of battle flag .
USS Catclaw ( AN - 60 ) USS " Catclaw " ( AN - 60 / YN - 81 ) was a which served with the U . S . Navy during World War II . " Catclaw " served in both the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean theatres of the war . Post - war she was decommissioned in China , and transferred to the Republic of China . Constructed in Maine . " Catclaw " ( YN - 81 ) was launched 22 May 1943 by Snow Shipyards , Inc . , Rockland , Maine ; sponsored by Mrs . F . R . Draper : commissioned 14 January 1944 , Lieutenant T . A . Wall , USNR , in command ; and reclassified " AN - 60 " 20 January 1944 . World War II service . Atlantic Ocean operations . " Catclaw " reported at New London , Connecticut , 10 April 1944 to lay experimental underwater detection and sonar gear until 10 June . At Brooklyn Navy Yard , she was supplied with welding and diving equipment and had radar equipment installed . " Catclaw " then sailed on 23 June for a month and a half of duty at Clyde , Scotland . On 20 August she arrived at Cherbourg , where she based until 14 September while laying moorings at Morlaix Roads for cargo ships bypassing the harbor at Brest . Through November , she played an essential part in the huge task of clearing the harbor of Le Havre , and after a month of operations at Plymouth , England , sailed for Charleston , South Carolina , 9 January 1945 , aiding in the escort of a group of disabled ships including " LCT - 421 " which she took in tow . Pacific Ocean operations . After overhaul , " Catclaw " sailed from Charleston 15 February 1945 for San Diego , California , to load nets for Pearl Harbor . Here she had duty from 27 March until 25 May , when she cleared for Eniwetok and Guam to deliver nets . After receiving a new propeller at Guam , she sailed to Saipan and Okinawa , where from 13 July to 8 September she conducted salvage operations . From 10 September to 14 October , she laid harbor buoys and issued dry stores at Sasebo , then returned to Okinawa to load acoustic minesweeping equipment for use in Japanese waters . She operated to support minesweepers off northern Kyūshū through January 1946 , then operated at Kobe until 14 March . Post - war decommissioning . " Catclaw " sailed then to Shanghai , where she was decommissioned 19 April 1946 . The next day she was transferred to the U . S . Department of State for sale to the Republic of China .
750th Bombardment Squadron The 750th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 457th Bombardment Group , stationed at Sioux Falls Army Air Field , South Dakota . It was inactivated on 28 August 1945 . History . Established as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bomber squadron , it trained under Second Air Force . Deployed to England in late 1943 , it was assigned to VIII Bomber Command . From 1944 - 1945 , it engaged in strategic bombardment campaign of Nazi Germany and Occupied Europe . At the end of the war , personnel demobilized in the United Kingdom and returned to the United States . The squadron was reassigned to Second Air Force and programmed for B - 29 Superfortress training . No personnel or aircraft assigned as a result of the end of war with Japan .
Charles Edward Jones Colonel Charles Edward ( " Chuck " ) Jones ( November 4 , 1952 – September 11 , 2001 ) was a United States Air Force officer , a computer programmer , and an astronaut in the USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer Program . Biography . Jones was born in Clinton , Indiana . He graduated from Wichita High School East in 1970 and earned a bachelor of science in astronautical engineering from the United States Air Force Academy in 1974 . He entered the USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer program in 1982 , and was scheduled to fly on mission STS - 71 - B in December 1986 , but the mission was cancelled after the " Challenger " Disaster in January 1986 . He left the Manned Spaceflight Engineer program in 1987 . He was killed at the age of 48 in the attacks of September 11 , 2001 , aboard American Airlines Flight 11 . He had been living as a retired US Air Force Colonel in Bedford , Massachusetts , at the time of his death . He was survived by his wife Jeanette . At the National 9 / 11 Memorial , Jones is memorialized at the North Pool , on Panel N - 74 .
Detlev Rohwer Detlev Rohwer ( 14 November 1917 – 30 March 1944 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Detlev Rohwer was wounded on 29 March 1944 after a crash landing . His leg was amputated by doctors and on 30 March 1944 he succumbed to his wounds . During his career he was credited with 38 aerial victories , 12 on the Western Front and 26 on the Eastern Front .
Fire Resistant Environmental Ensemble The Fire Resistant Environmental Ensemble ( FREE ) is a multi - layered , versatile insulating garment that is adaptable to varying mission requirements and environmental conditions . The system consists of undergarments , a base layer , midweight underlayer , light weather outer layer , intermediate weather outer layer , and an extreme / wet weather parka . It also includes cold weather gloves , a rigger belt , and wool socks . FREE is designed to be functional and increase comfort and ergonomic efficiency in and out of aircraft and combat vehicles . It will replace aviation and combat vehicle crewmen cold - weather clothing . Sources . " This article incorporates work from , which is in the public domain as it is a work of the United States Military . "