naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2 Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2 ( SNMCMG2 ) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organisation ( NATO ) standing mine countermeasures Immediate Reaction Force . From 3 September 2001 to 1 January 2005 it was known as the Mine Countermeasures Force South ( MCMFORSOUTH ) . From its activation on 27 May 1999 to September 2001 , it was Standing Mine Countermeasures Force in the Mediterranean ( MCMFORMED ) . SNMCMG2 normally comprises eight mine hunters or mine sweepers and a support ship from Belgium , Germany , Greece , Italy , Spain , Turkey , United Kingdom and the United States . SNMCMG2 operates as an integral unit whether participating in exercises or conducting real world operational missions . It is employed primarily in the Mediterranean area but , as required , will be available anywhere NATO requires it to deploy . Command of the force rotates among contributing nations . Organization . SNMCMG2 is a component of the NATO Response Force ( NRF ) . Operationally , SNMCMG2 reports to the Maritime Component Command Naples , which is one of the three Component Commands of Joint Force Command Naples . Currently ( July 2010 ) the following ships participate in SNMCMG2 : Commanding officer is Captain Georgios Pelekanakis , HN , taking over from Captain Patrizio Rapalino . History . MCMFORMED and her sister force Mine Counter Measures Force North Western Europe ( MCMFORNORTH ) were tasked in June 1999 to operate in the Adriatic Sea to clear ordnance jettisoned during Operation Allied Force . The combined force comprised 11 Mine hunter / sweepers and a support ship . The operation , named Allied Harvest , began on 9 June 1999 . Search activities began three days later and lasted 73 days . In total , 93 pieces of ordnance were located and cleared in the nine areas which encompass 1 , 041 square nautical mile s ( 3 , 570 km² ) .
Egidio Boccanegra Egidio Boccanegra was the brother of Simone Boccanegra , the first Doge of Genoa . In 1340 Egidio led a force of Genoese troops in the service of the King of Castile in a war against Moroccan troops . The following year the king of Aragon appointed Egidio his admiral . Boccanegra was executed in Seville in 1367 because of his support for Henry II of Castile .
Gong Wei Gong Wei ( ; died 202 BC ) was a ruler of the Kingdom of Linjiang of the Eighteen Kingdoms during the Chu – Han Contention , an interregnum between the Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty . Gong Wei ' s father Gong Ao received his fief and the title of " King of Linjiang " ( 臨江國 ) from Xiang Yu in 206 BC when Xiang divided the former Qin Empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms after the fall of the Qin Dynasty . Gong Wei succeeded his father in 204 BC when the latter died . During the Chu – Han Contention , Gong Wei remained on Xiang Yu ' s side but did not participate in the conflict . In 202 BC , Xiang was defeated by Liu Bang in the Battle of Gaixia and committed suicide . Seven months later , Gong Wei ' s Linjiang kingdom was conquered by Liu Bang ' s general Jin Xi ( 靳歙 ) . Gong Wei was captured and escorted to Luoyang and executed .
Marine Corps Intelligence Command The Marine Corps Intelligence Command ( MCIC ) was created in 1988 by then Commandant of the Marine Corps Alfred M . Gray , Jr . He created this organization to address the lack of expeditionary intelligence support for policy , acquisition , and operations , as each of the service intelligence centers focused only on their needs . Colonel Walter Breede III was the first Director . Mr . Robert Steele served as both the Special Assistant , a civilian position , and the Deputy Director , a military position , during the first year . The flagship study of the Center , " Planning and Programming Factors for Expeditionary Operations in the Third World " , was published by the Marine Corps Combat Development Command ( MCCDC ) in March 1990 , and was unusual for relying exclusively on open sources of information for creating a matrix of 143 mission area factors that could be objectively evaluated in relation to five degrees of difficulty , and for being published as an unclassified rather than a classified study .
Column of the Goddess The Column of the Goddess is the popular name given by the citizens of Lille ( France ) to the Memorial of the Siege of 1792 . The memorial is still in the center of the " Grand ′ Place " ( central square ) of Lille , and has been surrounded by a fountain since around 1990 . The siege . The siege of September 1792 was one of the many battles fought during the and considered a major event in the city ' s history by its inhabitants , despite its relatively low military significance on a wider scale . A few months earlier , in April 1792 , French forces in the same area did not conduct themselves well - fleeing after a skirmish with Austrian forces and afterwards killing their own commander , Théobald Dillon . This might have made the Austrians expect an easy victory , which as it turned out was not the case . An Austrian army besieged the city of Lille . For nine days and nights , the Austrians bombarded the city without intermission , but had ultimately to raise the siege , faced with the determined resistance of the citizens , led by Mayor François André . They Austrians did destroy many houses and the main church ( Saint - Etienne ) of the city , which was on the " Grand ′ Place " ( today the " Place du Général de Gaulle " ) . The monument . The church was never to be re - built and the " Grand ' Place " of Lille is still one of the few local central places without either a church or a belfry ( unlike similar cities such as Bruges and Brussels ) . Hyacinthe Jadin composed his " Marche du siège de Lille " in 1792 , in the direct aftermath of the siege . For many years there was , however , no physical monument in the city itself . Some fifty years later , the local authorities became aware that nothing had been made to commemorate the 50th birthday of this event . They decided on the building of a memorial , just in time to lay the first stone in September 1842 , but it was not before 1845 that the memorial was finished . The memorial consists of a column topped by a statue . The column was designed by the architect Charles Benvignat , while the statue was sculpted by Théophile Bra as an allegory of the besieged city wearing a mural crown . It was nicknamed the " Goddess " by the inhabitants of Lille soon after the erection of the memorial , as some local poems suggest . hij heeft een veer in zijn hand voor vrijheid
French ship Persanne ( 1809 ) The Persanne was a 24 - gun " Mérinos " class transport of the French Navy . On 29 November 1811 , " Pauline " ferried a cargo of 201 bronze and iron cannon , 220 iron wheels for gun carriages and numerous other military stores from Corfu to Trieste , escorted by frigates " Pomone " and " Pauline " . The convoy was intercepted by Royal Navy Captain Murray Maxwell ' s squadron of three frigates . In the ensuing Action of 29 November 1811 , " Persanne " fought gallantly for four hours before being captured . " Pomone " was also taken , while " Pauline " fled . She was afterwards sold to the Bey of Tunis .
Joseph Wakefield Captain Joseph Wakefield , soldier and penal administrator , of the 39th Regiment was the acting commandant of the second convict settlement at Norfolk Island , from November 1828 to 29 June 1829 . By this time there were about 200 convict s on the island , Several buildings had been constructed of locally produced timber , stone , shingles and lime , including a prisoners ' barracks , three - storey barracks for troops , quarters for civil officers and a military hospital . The remains of some of these buildings can still be seen at Kingston . Wakefield was soon replaced by the man who had sought the commandant ' s position since 1825 , James Morisset .
Fort Davis National Historic Site Fort Davis National Historic Site is a United States National Historic Site located in unincorporated community of Fort Davis , Jeff Davis County , Texas . Located within the Davis Mountains of West Texas , the historic site was established in 1961 to protect one of the best remaining examples of a United States Army fort in the southwestern United States . From 1854 to 1891 , Fort Davis was strategically located to protect emigrants , mail coaches , and freight wagons on the Trans - Pecos portion of the San Antonio - El Paso Road and the Chihuahua Trail , and to control activities on the southern stem of the Great Comanche War Trail and Mescalero Apache war trails . During the Civil War , Confederate States Army troops manned the fort which was attacked on August 9 , 1861 by Mescalero Apaches . The native warriors attacked the garrison ' s livestock herd , killed two guards and made off with about 100 horses and or cattle . Fort Davis is important in understanding the presence of African Americans in the West and in the frontier military because the 24th and 25th U . S . Infantry and the 9th and 10th U . S . Cavalry , all - black regiments ( known as the Buffalo Soldier s ) , which were established after the American Civil War , were stationed at the post . Other forts in the frontier fort system were Forts Griffin , Concho , Belknap , Chadbourne , Fort Stockton , Richardson , Fort Bliss , McKavett , Clark , Fort McIntosh , Fort Inge and Phantom Hill in Texas , and Fort Sill in Oklahoma . There were " sub posts or intermediate stations " including Bothwick ' s Station on Salt Creek between Fort Richardson and Fort Belknap , Camp Wichita near Buffalo Springs between Fort Richardson and Red River Station , and Mountain Pass between Fort Concho and Fort Griffin . Today , 24 restored historic buildings and over 100 ruins and foundations are part of Fort Davis National Historic Site . Five of the historic buildings have been refurnished to the 1880s , making it easy for visitors to envision themselves being at the fort at the height of its development . A self - guided tour of the fort begins at the site ' s visitor center . Living history demonstrations are common during the summer months . Fort Davis National Historic Site was authorized as a unit of the National Park System in 1961 and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960 .
Battle of Mogadishu ( 2008 ) The 2008 Battle of Mogadishu began when Ethiopia n soldiers started entering insurgent - held parts of the city which sparked heavy street fighting . Between 126 and 142 people died in the fighting . Timeline . On April 19 , militants ambushed a group of Ethiopian soldiers , who entered an area of Mogadishu on foot , sparking heavy battles . The intense battle spread out across three districts in the northern quarter of the capital Mogadishu , with Ethiopian troops expanding into insurgent strongholds for the first time in weeks . Abdi Rahim Isa Adow , a spokesman for the Islamic insurgents , confirmed that seven militants had been killed but said that " a large number of Ethiopian soldiers " had also been killed . Witness Omar Abdulahi said that among the dead he counted were two old men shot by Ethiopian soldiers inside their homes . Nasteho Moalim said her 7 - year - old daughter and three neighbors were killed by tank shells fired by Ethiopian forces that hit their homes . On April 20 , Islamist insurgents ambushed a security vehicle in the capital ' s Madina neighbourhood , killing two soldiers and a shopowner who was caught in the crossfire . Later in the day , five Somali soldiers and three insurgents in addition to a number of civilians . Two Ethiopian soldiers were confirmed to be among the dead . On April 21 , the Somali capital was largely quiet as residents ventured out onto the streets to collect the bodies of the dead or escape the city . Hidaya Mosque massacre . According to several witnesses , Ethiopian soldiers stormed a mosque and killed several occupants . 11 bodies were later found , some with their throat slit and others shot to death . Of the 11 dead victims , nine were regular congregants at the mosque and reportedly were part of the Tabliiq wing of Sunni Islam . Tabliiq official Shiekh Abdi - kheyr Isse said the Ethiopians had " slaughtered " the clerics . " The first person they [ Ethiopian soldiers ] killed was Sheikh Said Yahya , the Imam , " a witness said , adding that the late Imam opened the mosque door after the soldiers knocked . Casualties . 98 civilians died in the fighting . Most of the casualties were caused by Ethiopians using heavy artillery and tank shells in residential areas of the war - torn capital , according to the Elman Human Rights Group . A spokesman for the Islamic Courts Union , Sheikh Ibrahim Suley , said the real death toll from the violence was much higher . " The Ethiopians killed around 200 people and kidnapped 160 others including 41 Koranic students . . . We will continue fighting the Ethiopians and those under the protection of their tanks . We call on them to repent , " Suley told Reuters .
Hans von Schlebrügge Hans von Schlebrügge ( 1 May 1900 – 26 April 1971 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Hans von Schlebrügge was captured by British troops in May 1945 .
32nd Battalion Virginia Cavalry The " 32nd Virginia Cavalry Battalion " was a cavalry battalion which served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . It was formed in November 1862 with two companies and served in the Department of Richmond . In September 1863 it was merged with the 40th Virginia Cavalry Battlaion to form the 42nd Virginia Cavalry Battalion .
9th Delaware Infantry Regiment The 9th Delaware Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army between August 30 , 1864 and January 23rd , 1865 , during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was organized at Wilmington , Delaware , for a hundred - day service on August 30 , 1864 . Straight away it was assigned guard duty at Fort Delaware to guard prisoners . On January 23 , 1865 , it was mustered out . During its service the regiment lost eleven to disease .
Edward Wyndham Tennant Lt . Edward Wyndham Tennant ( 1 July 1897 – 22 September 1916 ) was an English war poet , killed at the Battle of the Somme . He was the son of Edward Tennant , who became Lord Glenconner in 1911 , and Pamela Wyndham , a writer , Lady Glenconner and later wife of Edward Grey , 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon . His younger brother was the eccentric , Stephen Tennant . He was educated at Winchester College , which he left aged 17 . He joined the Grenadier Guards . He was known to friends and family as Bim . It is unknown where this nickname derives from . It has been suggested that he was engaged at one point to Nancy Cunard . That this is untrue has been confirmed by two reliable sources : Colin Tennant , 3rd Baron Glenconner , who responded to this question by letter , and Lois Gordon , Nancy Cunard ' s biographer , who , in her extensive research , never came across any hint of such an alliance . Bim Tennant is buried in France at Guillemont Road Communal Cemetery close to his friend Raymond Asquith who was killed the week before .
8th Guards Army ( Soviet Union ) The Soviet 8th Guards Army was an army of the Soviet Union ' s Red Army / Soviet Army , disbanded in the early 1990s . Activated in October 1941 as the 7th Reserve Army , the Army was redesignated the 62nd Army at Stalingrad in July 1942 . It was among the victors of Stalingrad and thus redesignated the 8th Guards Army . In July 1943 , it took part in the Raisin - Barvenkovsky offensive ( July 17 – 27 ) , and in August - September - in Donbass strategic offensive operation ( August 13 - September 22 ) . Developing the offensive in the direction of the Dnieper , the Army with other troops of the Southwestern Front liberated Zaporozhye ( October 14 ) , crossed the Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk south and captured a bridgehead on its right bank . By this time 28 , 29 and 4th Guards Rifle Corps were part of the army . The army was part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front during the Dnieper - Carpathian Offensive . By March 25 , 1944 , the Prut River had fallen and the 3rd Ukrainian Front was dispatched to secure Odessa . On April 2 , Vasili Chuikov ' s Eighth Guards Army and Forty - Sixty Army attacked through a blizzard and , by April 6 , had driven the defenders past the Dniester River and isolated Odessa . Odessa capitulated on April 10 , and Soviet troops began entering Romania proper . In 1945 the army was commanded by Lieutenant General Vasily Chuikov . It was part of Marshal Zhukov ' s 1st Belorussian Front . One of the cities which the Army took in its westward drive was Poznan , which the Army seized in January – February 1945 . Afterwards , the 8th Guards Army spearheaded the Red Army drive to Berlin in the spring of 1945 , where on 2 May 1945 , Chuikov took the surrender of the German General Weidling , the commander of the Berlin Defensive Area , and the rest of the Berlin garrison . Later the Eighth Guards Army became part of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany . On the creation of the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany in 1945 , the Army consisted of : In 1947 , 4th Guards Rifle Corps was relocated to Talinn in Estonia . It appears that 82nd and 88th GUards Rifle Divisions disbanded between 1946 and 1956 . During the Cold War , 8th Guards Army stood opposed to NATO forces ( specifically the US V Corps ) along the strategically vital Fulda Gap in West Germany . In the last years of its existence , in the late 1980s , 8th Guards Army consisted of : After the Soviet withdrawal from Germany the army was reduced in size to become 8th Guards Army Corps , and withdrawn to Volgograd , the former Stalingrad in 1994 . There it appears to have taken the place of the 34th Army Corps . For a while it was commanded by Lev Rokhlin .
17 cm SK L / 40 i . R . L . auf Eisenbahnwagen The 17 cm SK L / 40 i . R . L . auf Eisenbahnwagen " Samuel " ( SK - Schnelladekanone ( quick - loading cannon ) ) L / 40 - Länge ( 40 caliber barrel ) i . R . L . - in Räder - Lafette ( on wheeled carriage ) auf Eisenbahnwagen ( on railroad car ) was a German railroad gun used in World War I . Design and history . These guns were designed as the secondary armament of the - and pre - dreadnoughts , but they were transferred to the Army from the Navy ( Kaiserliche Marine ) when those ships began to be relegated to training duties in 1916 . It was first adapted for land use by mounting it on an improvised carriage as the 17 cm SK L / 40 i . R . L . , but it proved to be extremely heavy , often too heavy to be moved by horse , even after being broken down into three loads . The solution was to mount the guns , still on their carriages , on rail cars to increase their strategic mobility . The gun ' s firing platform ( " Bettungslafette " ) was used as a model for the mount on the rail car . A metal ring was fixed to the surface of the car on which the wheels rested . At the center of this ring was a large pivot pin from which tension rods extended to the carriage ' s trail which rested against a circular section of rail . The gun was traversed by means of a gear that engaged pins on the outside of the rail . The trail rested on two spring - supported rollers , which would compress during firing and allow the shock of recoil to be transmitted to the floor of the car . To prevent damage to the trucks during firing cast - steel wedges were placed on the railroad ties under matching wedges on the car and the car was moved up on them . Some sources quote its maximum elevation as 47 . 5° , but Miller says that the sight on the gun itself was only calibrated to 45° . If more traverse was needed the gun ' s original firing platform was carried on a separate car and the gun could be dismounted to use it . Ammunition . The shells for this gun were loaded by two men using a tray . It had eyes which engaged hooks on the breech of the gun and then the shell and powder was manually rammed . It used the German naval system of ammunition , where the base charge was held in a metallic cartridge case and supplemented by another charge in a silk bag that was rammed first . Combat History . Thirty saw service on the Western Front beginning in 1917 . They were organized into fifteen batteries , manned by the Army ( " Heer " ) , each with two guns . " Batteries 423 , 462 , 478 , 521 , 536 , 551 , 642 , and 797 " have been identified . Eight participated in the 1918 Spring Offensive . Six guns were captured in Belgium and two others were captured by the French Army in October 1918 . Another fourteen were found after the Armistice . Fourteen of these were destroyed in 1922 by the Military Inter - Allied Commission of Control .
Treaty of Granada ( 1491 ) The Treaty of Granada was signed and ratified on November 25 , 1491 between Boabdil , the sultan of Granada , and Ferdinand and Isabella , the King and Queen of Castile , León , Aragon and Sicily . It ended the Granada War which had started in 1482 , culminating in the siege and battle of Granada beginning in spring 1491 . Also known as the Capitulation of Granada , the treaty provided a short truce , followed by the relinquishment in January 1492 of the sovereignty of the Moorish Emirate of Granada ( founded five centuries earlier ) to the Catholic monarchs of Spain . The treaty guaranteed a set of rights to the Moors , including religious tolerance and fair treatment in return for their surrender and capitulation . An uprising by the Moors in 1500 caused the Catholic side to consider that the Moors had violated the Treaty : this gave them a justification for revoking its provisions . See Morisco Revolt . Treaty articles . The capitulation of 1492 contained sixty - seven articles among which were the following :
USS Eagle ( SP - 145 ) The sixth USS " Eagle " ( SP - 145 ) , later renamed USS " SP - 145 " , was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Eagle " was built as a civilian motorboat in 1909 by J . M . Bayles and Son at Port Jefferson , New York . The U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Colonel William Hester of Brooklyn , New York , on 2 May 1917 for use as a patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned on 10 September 1917 as USS " Eagle " ( SP - 145 ) . " Eagle " was assigned to the 3rd Naval District , and spent her naval career in the New York City area . She was renamed USS " SP - 145 " in April 1918 to avoid confusion with the gunboat USS " Eagle " , which was in commission at the same time . ( Note that neither of these ships should be confused with patrol boat USS " Eaglet " ( SP - 909 ) , also in commission at the time . ) " SP - 145 " was stricken from the Navy List on 11 March 1919 and sold on 25 June 1919 .
15th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 15th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 15th Michigan Infantry was organized at Ypsilanti and Detroit , Michigan between October 16 , 1861 and March 13 , 1862 and was mustered into Federal service for a three - year enlistment on March 20 , 1862 . The regiment was mustered out of service on August 18 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 3 officers and 60 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 4 officers and 268 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 335 fatalities .