naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Siege of Verona The Siege of Verona in 541 , was an engagement during the Gothic War ( 535 – 554 ) . Led by Totila , the Ostrogoths successfully defended the city against the numerically superior Byzantine army . After the Byzantines raised the siege , Totila pursued , and defeated them at the Battle of Faventia .
Redoubt Kali Redoubt Kali , a Russia n fort on the east coast of the Black Sea which had existed in 1907 , 10 miles north of Poti . It was captured by the British during the Crimean War in 1854 . More commonly called ' Redut Kale ' , modern Kulevi in Georgia .
James Tilton James Tilton ( June 1 , 1745 – May 14 , 1822 ) was an American physician and soldier from Dover , Delaware . He was a delegate for Delaware in the Continental Congress of 1783 and 1784 , and served as Surgeon General of the United States Army during the War of 1812 . James was born in 1745 to Thomas Tilton , a farmer in Kent County , Delaware . After attending an academy in West Nottingham , Pennsylvania , he attended the College of Philadelphia ( which was later the University of Pennsylvania ) . He graduated in 1768 and earned a degree as a Doctor of Medicine in 1771 . He started a medical practice at Dover , and also served as an infantry Lieutenant in Dover ' s Company of the Kent County militia . When the Revolutionary War began , his militia became part of the 1st Delaware Regiment of the Continental Army . Colonel John Haslet quickly reassigned him to duty as the regimental surgeon . He served with distinction and saw action at the battles of Brooklyn , White Plains , Trenton , and Princeton . Haslet ' s unit was virtually destroyed in the Battle of Princeton in January 1777 . Colonel Haslet was killed and the command structure was rebuilt . Tilton remained in service with the Continental Army as the head of military hospitals , first at Princeton and later at Trenton , New Jersey and other sites . When active fighting ended in 1781 he returned to his practice at Dover . As the war was ending , the surviving Delaware officers organized a chapter in the Society of the Cincinnati . Tilton was elected their first president at a meeting in Wilmington on July 4 , 1783 . He served in that office until 1793 . During this time he also moved to a home and farm just outside of Wilmington . Delaware named Tilton as a delegate to the Continental Congress three times from 1783 until 1785 , although he didn ' t attend sessions in the last year . He also served several terms in the state ' s House of Representatives . The War of 1812 caused the U . S . Army to reorganize support and administrative functions in 1813 . This included the creation of a position for a Surgeon General of the Army . Dr . Tilton was appointed and served as the first Surgeon General from June 1813 until June 15 , 1815 . Tilton died in 1822 at his home just outside Wilmington , and is buried in the " Wilmington and Brandywine Cemetery " there . He was a longtime member of the American Philosophical Society and headed the Delaware Medical Society . External links . Places with more information . < br >
John Martin ( Governor of Georgia ) John Martin ( c . 1731January 1786 ) was an American planter , soldier , and politician . Little is known of Martin ' s early life . He was born in Providence , Rhode Island and moved to Georgia in 1767 with his brother James , where they bought adjoining plantations . Martin was active during the American Revolution , serving as a delegate to the provincial congress in July 1775 , as well as a member of the local . In the War of Independence he was appointed lieutenant of the 7th company of the Georgia Regiment in the Continental Army in January 1776 , and rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1777 . His political service includes mayor of Savannah , Georgia ( 1778 ) , sheriff of Chatham County , Georgia , member of the Georgia House of Representatives , state Treasurer , and revolutionary governor of Georgia from 1782 to 1783 . While governor , Martin offered full pardons to all Loyalists who surrendered to general Anthony Wayne , as well as offering land to Hessians who left the British . These actions increased desertions from the British forces . With Georgia in a state of financial ruin at the end of the war , he also passed a Confiscation and Banishment Act in 1782 which seized the property 342 Loyalists identified by name . After the war , Martin served as a commissioner in meetings with Creek and Cherokee Indians .
Joseph Heim " Gefreiter " Joseph Heim was a former German Luftwaffe flying ace . He is credited with five aerial victories flying the Messerschmitt Me - 262 jet fighter , making him one of only 28 jet aces of World War II . He was killed in action on 10 April 1945 .
Royal Welsh Regiment The Royal Welsh Regiment was an infantry regiment of the Territorial Army in the United Kingdom . It was formed in 1999 as part of the restructuring of the TA by the amalgamation of the two Welsh TA battalions : The regiment had a total of five companies : As part of the restructuring of the infantry announced in 2004 , the Royal Welsh Regiment became the TA battalion of the new amalgamated regiment of Wales , the Royal Welsh , on the 1 March 2006 .
USS S - 8 ( SS - 113 ) USS " S - 8 " ( SS - 113 ) was a second - group ( or " Government " ) " S " - class submarine of the United States Navy . Her keel was laid down on 9 November 1918 by the Portsmouth Navy Yard . She was launched on 21 April 1920 sponsored by Mrs . Roy W . Ryden , and commissioned on 1 October 1920 with Lieutenant Commander Eric F . Zemke in command . " S - 8 " sailed from Newport , Rhode Island on 7 December 1920 and was attached to Submarine Division 12 ( SubDiv 12 ) . After her division had rendezvoused with SubDiv 18 off New Hampshire , they proceeded via the Panama Canal and California to Hawaii , arriving at Pearl Harbor on 15 April 1921 . Departing Pearl Harbor on 3 November , they arrived at Cavite , Luzon , in the Philippines on 1 December . This voyage set a record for American submarines , at that time , as the longest cruise ever undertaken . Other submarines — which had operated on the Asiatic station prior to this — were transported overseas on the decks of colliers . The two divisions — which comprised Submarine Flotilla 3 ( SubFlot 3 ) — operated out of Cavite for the next three years , with annual visits to ports in China . They finally departed Cavite on 29 October 1924 , and arrived at Mare Island , California on 30 December . " S - 8 " remained at Mare Island through 1925 , operated along the West Coast during 1926 , and sailed on 10 February 1927 for the Panama Canal Zone . She operated at Coco Solo from March into April , and then sailed for New London , Connecticut , arriving on 3 May . " S - 8 " spent the next three years operating along the New England coast , out of New London , with the exception of training cruises to the Panama Canal area from February – April 1928 , January – April 1929 , and January – March 1930 . Departing New London on 22 October , " S - 8 " sailed to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , where she was decommissioned on 11 April 1931 . She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 25 January 1937 .
John A . Gordon General John Alexander Gordon ( born August 22 , 1946 was deputy director of central intelligence , Central Intelligence Agency , Washington , D . C . He served as the President ' s Homeland Security advisor from 2003 to 2004 . Gordon entered the Air Force through the Reserve Officer Training Corps program in 1968 . His early assignments were in research , development and acquisition where he was involved in improving the Minuteman Intercontinental Ballistic Missile ( ICBM ) and in developing and acquiring the Peacekeeper ICBM . He was a long - range planner at Strategic Air Command and served with the U . S . State Department in the Bureau of Politico - Military Affairs . Later , he commanded the 90th Strategic Missile Wing , the only Peacekeeper ICBM unit . He has served with the National Security Council in the areas of defense and arms control , including the oversight and completion of the START II negotiations . He then became a senior member of the secretary of defense ' s staff and later , the director of operations , Air Force Space Command , responsible for overseeing and developing policy and guidance for the command ' s operational missions . He also has served as special assistant to the Air Force chief of staff for long - range planning , where he was responsible for restarting and integrating a long - range planning process into the Air Force . Prior to assuming the deputy director position , he was associate director of central intelligence for military support , Central Intelligence Agency . He retired from the Air Force on August 1 , 2000 . Post military career . Following his Air Force retirement , Gordon was chosen as the first administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration and also Under Secretary of Energy , responsible for the U . S . nuclear weapons program , a position he filled from June 2000 to June 2002 . He next served as the Deputy National Security Advisor for Combating Terrorism , then assumed duties as Homeland Security Advisor from June 2003 to June 2004 . On September 16 , 2004 , he was inducted into the Naval Postgraduate School Hall of Fame . In October , 2005 John A . Gordon , US Air Force , retired , former Homeland Security Advisor to the White House , and member of the Markle Foundation Task Force on National Security in the Information Age was appointed to the VirtualAgility , Inc . Board of Advisors . Gordon joined the board of EDO Corporation in early 2007 , and also serves on the Board of Trustees of Analytic Services , Inc .
HMS Racoon ( 1887 ) HMS " Racoon " , sometimes spelled HMS Raccoon , was an " Archer " - class torpedo cruiser of the Royal Navy . " Racoon " was laid down on 1 February 1886 and came into service on 1 March 1888 . She served on the East Indies Station where , on 27 August 1896 , she was involved in the bombardment of Sultan Khalid ' s palace during the 40 minute Anglo – Zanzibar War . In early May 1901 " Racoon " returned to the United Kingdom , and was paid off at Sheerness on 6 July 1901 . She was decommissioned on 1 January 1905 and sold for scrap .
Afonsos Air Force Base Afonsos Air Force Base – BAAF is a base of the Brazilian Air Force , located in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . The official name of the Base is Campo Délio Jardim de Matos ( 1916 – 1990 ) after a former commander of the base and Minister of the Air Force . History . In October 1911 the first aeronautical organization was created in Brazil : the ( " Flying club of Brazil " ) . The site chosen for its location was given the name of Campo dos Afonsos ( " Afonsos ' Field " ) and an airfield was opened in 1912 . On February 2 , 1914 a Military Aviation School was opened at the site . The school was a partnership with the Italian Army , but due to the beginning of hostilities related to World War I , it was short - lived and finally closed on July 18 of the same year . On January 29 , 1919 a French Military mission founded a new school of military aviation at Campo dos Afonsos . Because of this school , the Aeroclube do Brasil was forced to leave the location . For years they had no home but in 1936 it was re - opened at the Manguinhos Airport . Between 1931 and 1936 , before a dedicated new facility was opened at Bartolomeu de Gusmão Airport , the Graf Zeppelin docked at Campo dos Afonsos during its stop - overs in Rio de Janeiro . In 1941 , the Campo dos Afonsos became of exclusive use of the Brazilian Air Force and the new base was baptized as Afonsos Air Force Base . Today it is home of not only two units , one battalion and one special squadron , but also of the University of the Brazilian Air Force , the institution of higher education of the Brazilian Air Force , and of the Aerospace Museum . In 2012 the aerodrome will celebrate its centennial anniversary . Units . The following units are based at Afonsos Air Force Base : Subordinated to the command of the 2nd Air Force ( II FAe ) , which is dedicated to Search and Rescue , Rotorary Wings , and Maritime Patrol : Subordinated to the command of the 5th Air Force ( V FAe ) , which is dedicated to Transport Aviation : Additionally , the " Batalhão de Infantaria de Aeronáutica Especial dos Afonsos " ( BINFAE - AF ) , an Infantry Battalion of the Brazilian Air Force that guards the Base , and the " Esquadrão Aeroterrestre de Salvamento " ( EAS ) , known as Pára - SAR , specialized in Rescue missions are also based at Afonsos Air Force Base . Access . The base is located approximately 30 km from Rio de Janeiro downtown in the district of Marechal Hermes . External links . city
Abd ar - Rahman ibn Rabiah Abd ar - Rahman ibn Rabiah ( ) was the Arab general of the early Caliphate . He may have been the brother of Salman ibn Rabiah , the military governor of Armenia under Caliph Umar I . He was charged with the task of conquering the Khazars and invaded the northern Caucasus for this purpose in the late 640s CE . In 652 , outside Balanjar , Abd ar - Rahman and his army met a Khazar force and were annihilated . According to Arab historians such as al - Tabari , both sides in the battle used catapault s against the other .
Louis C . Mosher Louis Clinton Mosher ( April 26 , 1880 – September 29 , 1958 ) was a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the Philippine – American War . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Second Lieutenant , Philippine Scouts . Place and date : At Gagsak Mountain , Jolo , Philippine Islands , June 11 , 1913 . Entered service at : Brockton , Mass . Birth : Westport , Mass . Date of issue : Unknown . Citation : Voluntarily entered a cleared space within about 20 yards of the Moro trenches under a furious fire from them and carried a wounded soldier of his company to safety at the risk of his own life .
Ian Heilbron Sir Ian ( Isidor ) Morris Heilbron DSO FRS ( 6 November 1886 – 14 September 1959 ) was a British chemist and a Fellow of the Royal Society ( elected 1931 ) . He was knighted in 1946 . The American Chemical Society honored him with its highest prize , the Priestley Medal , in 1945 . Early life . Heilbron was born in Glasgow on 6 November 1886 and was educated at Glasgow High School and then the Royal Technical College . Following an award of a Carnegie Fellowship he went to the University of Leipzig to study under Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch . Career . During the Second World War from 1939 to 1942 he worked as a scientific advisor to the Department of Scientific Research in the Ministry of Supply , after 1942 he became a scientic advisor to the Ministry of Production . In recognition of his work during war he was appointed a Knight Bachelor in 1946 . He was a pioneer of organic chemical research developed for therapeutic and industrial use .
Tepoztopilli The tepoztopilli was a common front - line weapon of the Aztec military . The tepoztopilli was a pole - arm , and to judge from depictions in various Aztec codices it was roughly the height of a man , with a broad wooden head about twice the length of the users ' palm or shorter , edged with razor - sharp obsidian blades which were deeply set in grooves carved into the head , and cemented in place with bitumen or plant resin as an adhesive . This made the weapon vaguely similar to the " macuahuitl " or " macana " , however it had a much smaller cutting edge and a longer handle . This gave the weapon a superior reach , but blows had to be more carefully executed . Halfway between a halberd and a spear , the tepoztopilli was equally useful for slashing and thrusting . Conquistador Bernal Díaz del Castillo mentions that on one occasion his armour was pierced by an Aztec lance and that only his thick cotton underpadding saved his life . The last authentic tepoztopilli was destroyed in a fire in 1884 in the Armería Real in Madrid where it was housed .
Battle of El Roble The Battle of El Roble was fought on the Itata river , 17 October 1813 , between the Chilean patriot general José Miguel Carrera and Spanish royalist forces under the command of Clemente Lantaño and de Luis Urrejola . The surprise patriot victory at El Roble as a result of Bernardo O ' Higgins ' actions at the end of the day was to result in a change of patriot commander , and a severe split within the patriot movement . Background . General José Miguel Carrera planned to seize the city of Chillán from royalist hands , and had divided his army into two parts . One part , under the command of his brother Juan Jose was sent two kilometres beyond the confluence of the Itala and Ñuble rivers . The other part , under Carrera ' s own command , went three leagues further east to cross at the " paso el Roble " . Having discovered Carrera ' s plans , Juan Francisco Sanchez , the royalist commander in Chillán , decided to destroy the patriot army in a surprise attack . He ordered his officers to send a force across the Itata river at night , moving it into position on the south bank of the river , to the east of the patriot forces . To the north , the royalist placed a force of 400 men under the control of Juan Antonio Olate , with the task of preventing the patriots from crossing the river . The battle . At dawn on the 17 October , the royalist forces launched their surprise attack on Carrera ' s forces , creating panic in their ranks . Carrera , believing his army defeated , drove his horse into the Itata river and retreated from the battle to avoid capture . Meanwhile , then Colonel Bernardo O ' Higgins had kept his composure from the start of the shooting and , gathering about two hundred men around him , ran to protect the artillery and organise the resistance . He was joined by captains Jose Joaquin and Diego Jose Benavente forming a respectable little force . After about an hour or more of fighting , O ' Higgins became impatient . Taking a gun from a fallen soldier and brandishing it , he shouted : " Lads ! To me ! Live with honour , or die with glory ! The one who is brave is the one who follows me ! " The troops , encouraged by the example of O ' Higgins , charged forward with him and drove the enemy into rapid retreat . Although injured in the leg , O ' Higgins continued to lead the pursuit of the enemy on foot , until the royalists had crossed back over the river in total confusion . The aftermath . The royalists left more than 80 dead in the battlefield , whilst the patriots had suffered thirty casualties . The greatest impact , however , was off the battle field . For the patriot army , this was their first victory against the royalist forces , which would be well remembered . For José Miguel Carrera , his retreat from the battlefield would cause him to lose support from Santiago , and result in his replacement by Bernardo O ' Higgins , leading in turn to the battle of Las Tres Acequias the following year .
Frederick I , Count of Vaudémont Frederick of Lorraine ( 1368 – October 25 , 1415 in the battle of Agincourt ) was a Count of Vaudémont . He was the son of Duke John I of Lorraine and younger brother of Charles II . In 1393 , Frederick married Margaret the heiress of Vaudémont and Joinville , and became Count of these lands in her right . He founded the House of Vaudémont , a junior branch of the House of Lorraine . His children were : Dynastic problems in the senior line caused his great - grandson René of Vaudémont to become Duke of Lorraine as René II in 1473 .
Albatros L 77v The Albatros L 77v was a German tandem two - seat reconnaissance fighter biplane , four examples of which were built under license for Albatros Flugzeugwerke by Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in 1928 . Based upon the L 76 Aeolus reconnaissance trainer , the aircraft was powered by a 450 kW ( 600 hp ) BMW VI 5 . 5 water - cooled V12 engine . Like the L 76 , the L 77v had a fabric - covered welded - steel fuselage and wooden dual - spar wings with plywood skins supported by N - type struts . It was armed with twin 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) machine gun s in fixed forward - firing positions and a third on a ring mounting in the rear cockpit . Three of the aircraft saw service performing armament trials in Lipetsk in the Soviet Union ; these included one aircraft testing a free - mounted 20 mm cannon . The fourth aircraft had been destroyed while undergoing tests in March 1929 . Between December 1929 and their retirement in October 1931 , the surviving L 77vs were based at the Staaken " Erprobungsstelle " ( Test Centre ) .
Robert Alexander ( United States Army officer ) Robert Alexander ( October 17 , 1863 – August 20 , 1941 ) was a soldier in the United States Army , originally from Baltimore , Maryland . As Major General he commanded the U . S . Army ' s 77th Infantry Division in France during World War I . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery in northern Virginia . He joined the Army after rejecting a career in law , and became a Private in 1886 in the 4th Infantry . In 1887 , he became the First Sergeant of his Company , and soon after received a promotion to second lieutenant in 1889 .
Alexis Bonabes , Marquess of Rougé Bonabes Louis Victurnien , Marquess of Rougé , baron de Coëtmen and de Montfaucon Peer of France , ( 31 January 1778 Paris – 29 March 1839 Paris ) was a French military officer and statesman . In 1794 , he entered the service of Austria as aide - de - camp to the Prince von Waldeck . The same year he joined the Mortemart regiment ( of his uncle the Duke de Mortemart ) of the French émigré army . With the restoration of the House of Bourbon , he was appointed Adjutant - Major of the King ' s Swiss Guards , and he received the cross of the military order of Saint Louis . During the Hundred Days , he followed Louis XVIII into exile ; as a reward , he was later promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Commander of the French Column of the Royal Swiss . In 1815 , he was raised to the Hereditary Peerage with the title of Marquis . He later refused to swear allegiance to Louis Philippe and resigned his commission in 1830 . He died on March 30 , 1838 , at the age of sixty . Family . On 17 April 1804 , he married Celestine de Crussol d ' Uzes , daughter of the Duc d ' Uzes , first peer of France , and of Amable Emilie , Duchess de Châtillon ; they had six children :
David Ramsay Clendenin David Ramsay Clendenin ( June 24 , 1830 – March 5 , 1895 ) was an American Union brevet brigadier general during the period of the American Civil War . He served with the 8th Illinois Cavalry . He received his appointment as brevet brigadier general dated to February 20 , 1865 . He retired in 1891 at the rank of colonel . He is buried at Oneida Cemetery in Oneida , Illinois .
Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation The Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation ( French : " Organisation conjointe de coopération en matière d ' armement " ; OCCAR ) is a European intergovernmental organisation which facilitates and manages collaborative armament programmes through their lifecycle between the nations of Belgium , France , Germany , Italy , Spain , the United Kingdom . History . OCCAR was established on 12 November 1996 by the Defence Ministers of France , Germany , Italy and the United Kingdom . Legal status was not achieved , however , until January 2001 when the parliaments of the four founding nations ratified the OCCAR Convention . Other European nations may join OCCAR , subject to their actual involvement in a substantive collaborative equipment programme involving at least one OCCAR partner and acceptance of OCCAR ' s founding principles , rules , regulations and procedures . Belgium and Spain joined the organisation in respectively 2003 and 2005 . EU or NATO members Turkey , Netherlands , Luxembourg , Finland , Sweden and Poland participate in one or more OCCAR programmes without being a formal member . Structure . The highest decision - making body within OCCAR is the Board of Supervisors ( BoS ) . The board establishes subsequent Committees and its decisions are being implemented by the Executive Administration ( OCCAR - EA ) . OCCAR - EA employs approximately 240 staff members . Current programmes . The 7 programmes currently managed by OCCAR are the following :