naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Augusta ( SP - 946 ) The third USS " Augusta " ( SP - 946 ) was a luxuriously furnished , wooden - hulled steam yacht which served in the United States Navy as a patrol boat . Designed by the naval architects Gielow and Orr , " Augusta " was built in 1912 by the Nelson Shipyard and Construction Co . , of Harrisburg , Texas , for Camille G . Pillot ( 1861 – 1953 ) , a prominent Houston merchant , one of the original stockholders of the Houston Chronicle newspaper and President of the Henke & Pillot chain of supermarkets headquartered in Houston , Texas " Augusta " was acquired by the Navy under a free lease on 1 August 1917 and assigned the classification SP - 946 . She was commissioned on 11 August 1917 , with Ensign Norman V . Pillot , USNRF , coincidentally the son of the original owner , in command . US Navy records indicate that the " Augusta " spent the duration of World War I on section patrol duties in the 8th Naval District , specifically operating out of Galveston , Texas , on harbor patrol , tracking the movements of shipping in that busy Gulf Coast port , and conducting routine training and drills , interspersed with the usual upkeep and maintenance . Decommissioned on 12 December 1918 , a month and a day after the armistice was signed , she was simultaneously returned to her owner . Later re - engined , " Augusta " remained in the hands of Camille Pilot until his death at the age of 92 , in 1953 . Shortly thereafter , the name " Augusta " disappeared from the contemporary lists of American yachts . The " Augusta " was moored at Palacios , Texas in the mid - 1950s when damaged during a storm and sunk at the pier . The owner at that time declined to raise the hull and she was sold for salvage . She was pumped out , interior furnishings were removed and the hull pulled up on the shore for final salvage . The shafts , propeller and other fittings were sold for scrap . The hull planking and deck house were salvaged for use in the construction of other vessels at the Palacios Shipyard .
Günther Degen Günther Degen ( 30 August 1917 — 13 March 1945 ) was a Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) in the Waffen - SS during World War II and was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Hauptsturmführer Günther Degen was in command of the I . Battalion , 11th SS Gebirgsjager ( Mountain ) Regiment " Reinhard Heydrich " , 6th SS Gebirgs Division " Nord " when he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross on the 7 October 1944 , when serving in Finland . Degen did not survive the war but was killed in action on 13 March 1945 near Pfaffenheck were he lies buried in a military cemetery .
Operation Dawn ( 1983 ) Operation Dawn - 1 ( also known as Operation Valfajr - 1 ) was an Iranian offensive in the Iran – Iraq War . On April 10 , 1983 , Iran struck Ein Kosh with the immediate objective of Fuka ( east of al - Amarah ) to capture the Baghdad - Basra Highway . The operation was fought mostly by Pasdaran forces and was one of the three costly human wave offensives of 1983 , although despite heavy losses on both sides the operation failed to defeat the Iraqis . Battle . In early February 1983 , 50 , 000 Iranian forces attacked westward from Dezful and were confronted by 55 , 000 Iraqi forces . The Iranian objective was to cut off the road from Basra to Baghdad in the central sector . They the attack on a rainy day and had hoped cloud cover would shield them from Iraqi air attacks . Once the clouds lifted , Iraq conducted 150 air sorties , which generated a 3 to 1 kill ratio of Iranians to Iraqis . The Iraqis , sensing the efficacy of close air attacks , directed aerial bombings on the cities of Dezful , Ahvaz , and Khorammshahr in retribution for the Iranian Dawn 1 offensive . The Iranians continued to order up more forces , and the 92nd Armoured Division pushed forward from Dezful to rout one Iraqi armoured division and destroy another . [ 73 ] Bibliography . http : / / smallwarsjournal . com / jrnl / art / the - “ dawn - of - victory ” - campaigns - to - the - “ final - push ” - part - three - of - three
USS Accelerate ( ARS - 30 ) USS " Accelerate " ( ARS - 30 ) was a salvage ship in the service of the United States Navy . She was originally built as the steam - propelled mooring tender " Toteco " by Kyle & Purdy , for International Petroleum . Either late in 1929 or early 1930 , the vessel was renamed " Walling " . Service history . World War II , 1942 – 1946 . After the United States entered World War II , the Navy acquired her at New York City on 2 April 1942 , classified her as a salvage vessel , ARS - 30 , on 11 April 1943 , and simultaneously renamed her " Accelerate " . No conversion was deemed necessary to prepare her for Navy use . Between these last two events , she may have been used privately by the Merritt , Chapman , Scott Co . because the Navy accepted her back from the company on 5 September 1946 . Records on the ship ' s naval career are scarce and in some matters confusing , if not contradictory . It appears that " Accelerate " was assigned to the 3rd Naval District throughout her service in the Navy . She was apparently operated under contract with the Navy by the Merritt , Chapman , and Scott Co . in waters near New York City . Some evidence exists indicating that the salvage vessel was placed in commission on 15 March 1945 , but , if so , no logs of her service have been found , and no record of her decommissioning has survived . Disposal and sale . The Navy declared the vessel surplus in February 1946 and her name was stricken from the Navy List on 7 February 1947 . On 28 August 1947 , the ship was transferred to the War Shipping Administration of the Maritime Commission for disposal . The ship was sold in 1948 to C . Pateras and G . Glyptis of Venezuela . Soon renamed " Marigo " , she served several owners under the Venezuelan flag , bearing the names " Marigo " and " George " . In the late 1970s , she was registered as " George " and owned by Maritima Venezolana de Navegacion , S . A .
German submarine U - 450 The German submarine " U - 450 " was a Type VIIC U - boat in the service of Nazi Germany during World War II . The submarine was laid down in July 1941 in Danzig , Germany ( now Poland ) . She was launched in July 1942 and commissioned in September that year . During her career with the " Kriegsmarine " , " U - 450 " never sank any ships . Construction and Design . " U - 450 " was ordered by the " Kriegsmarine " on 21 November 1940 . She was laid down about eight months later at F Schichau GmbH , Danzig on 22 July 1941 . Just under a year later , " U - 450 " was launched on 4 July 1942 . She was formally commissioned on 12 September . " U - 450 " carried five × torpedo tube s , ( four located in the bow , one in the stern ) and had a C35 88mm / L45 deck gun with 220 rounds . She could also carry 14 G7e torpedo es or 26 TMA mines and had a crew of 44 - 52 men . Her emblem was a laughing sawfish , similar to that of " U - 96 " . Patrols . On 27 May 1943 , three days after she was redesignated from a training vessel to a front - line service boat , " U - 450 " set out for her first patrol from Kiel , the home base of the 9th U - boat Flotilla under the command of " Oberleutnant zur See " Kurt Böhme . As the boat surfaced off the coast of Iceland on 6 June , she came under attack from a British B - 17 Flying Fortress squadron , which wounded seven men . 16 days later , ( with assistance from other boats due to the damage caused by the attack ) , she arrived at Brest in France . The patrol lasted 27 days , the longest of her career . On 17 October 1943 , " U - 450 " left Brest for Toulon . She arrived at the port city 23 days later . On 10 February 1944 , ten days after a fire in her engine room had swept one man overboard and forced her to return to base , " U - 450 " left Toulon for the Italian coast , presumably to attack support ships coming to reinforce Allied troops which had just landed at Anzio . Exactly one month later , she came under depth charge attack by the British escort destroyers " HMS Blankney " , , and and the American escort destroyer . The submarine sank , but all 42 crew members were rescued by the destroyers and became prisoners of war .
USNS Patuxent ( T - AO - 201 ) USNS " Patuxent " ( T - AO - 201 ) is a underway replenishment oiler operated by the Military Sealift Command to support ships of the United States Navy . " Patuxent " , the fifteenth ship of the " Henry J . Kaiser " class , was laid down at Avondale Shipyard , Inc . , at New Orleans , Louisiana , on 16 October 1991 and launched on 23 July 1994 . She was the first of three ships in the class of eighteen — the other two being and — to be built with a double hull required by the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 . Hull separation is at the sides and at the bottom , reducing her liquid cargo capacity by about from that of the 15 single - hull ships in the class . " Patuxent " entered non - commissioned U . S . Navy service under the control of the Military Sealift Command with a primarily civilian crew on 21 June 1995 . She serves in the United States Atlantic Fleet .
5 Batalion 14 Środkowobośniackiej Brygady NOVJ 5 Batalion 14 Środkowobośniackiej Brygady NOVJ was a Polish anti - Nazi resistance unit active in the area of Bosnia during World War II as a part of the Yugoslavian National Liberation Army . The group was formed on 7 May 1944 by members of the Polish minority in Bosnia . In September 1944 it was renamed to the " 3rd Battalion " . The formation was terminated in August 1945 . The battalion flag was white and red ( Polish Flag ) with a red star ( Flag of Yugoslavia ) .
Vardan I Dadiani Vardan Dadiani ( ) ( died 1213 ) was a Georgian noble and the forefather of the Dadiani , the princely dynasty of Samegrelo ( Mingrelia ) , a region in western Georgia which Vardan ruled as " eristavi " ( " duke " ) from 1183 to 1213 . He was a prominent courtier of Queen Tamar of Georgia , but fell out of favor after leading an abortive rebellion in support of Tamar ' s disgraced former husband George the Rus ' in 1191 . In royal service . A descendant of his namesake the " eristavi " ( " duke " ) of Svaneti , a contemporary of King George II of Georgia ( r . 1072 – 1089 ) , Vardan belonged to the Marushiani - Vardanisdze dynasty and is one of the earliest members of this family to be mentioned under the surname Dadiani , possibly after the familial castle of Dadi . Vardan was appointed " msakhurt - ukhutsesi " ( " Lord High Chamberlain " ) of Georgia and granted Odishi , that is , Samegrelo , as a fief by Tamar in 1183 . In 1186 or 1187 Vardan fought with distinction in the victorious campaign against the Ildenizid state in Arran , masterminded by Asat Grigolisdze , lord of Gishi , during which the Georgians raided Beylagan and the Araxes plain . In rebellion . Vardan ' s downfall came with the abortive rebellion raised by the nobles of western and southern Georgia on behalf of the exiled ex - consort of Queen Tamar , George the Rus ' ( Yuri Andreyevich ) , in 1191 . By that time , Vardan had been one of the most influential dignitaries in Georgia , being in possession of Orbeti and Kaeni in the eastern part of the kingdom in addition to the vast lands in the west , from the Likhi mountains to Nikopsia , that is , " the whole of Svaneti , Abkhazia , Saegro , Guria , Samokalako , Racha , Takveri and Argveti " . He brought these lands as well as the Sanigi ( Svans ) and " Keshigi " ( Circassians ) over to the rebels ' cause and crowned George as king of Georgia at the royal palace of Geguti near Kutaisi . Tamar ' s loyal " amirspasalar " ( constable ) Gamrekeli Toreli defeated Vardan ' s army at the Niali plain in Javakheti and forced the rest of the rebels , including George the Rus ' , into surrender . As a result , Vardan lost the office of Lord High Chamberlain and the fief of Kaeni , both of which were then conferred upon the queen ' s loyal noble Ivane Mkhargrdzeli . Thereafter , Vardan Dadiani played no significant role in the country ’ s political life and died around 1213 . His descendants continued to flourish in western Georgia , eventually producing two important princely dynasties , those of Dadiani and Gurieli .
British War Medal The British War Medal was a campaign medal of the British Empire , for service in World War I . The medal was approved in 1919 , for issue to officers and men of British and Imperial forces who had rendered service between 5 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 . Officers and men of the Army ( including colonial and dominion forces ) were required to have either entered an active theatre of war , or left the United Kingdom for service overseas , between 5 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 , and completed 28 days mobilised service . The medal was automatically awarded in the event of death on active service before the completion of this period . The same criteria were applied for eligibility for staff of officially recognised non - military hospitals , such as those run by the Red Cross , and members of the women ' s auxiliary forces . For the Royal Navy , Royal Marines , and the Dominion and Colonial naval forces , the criteria was 28 days mobilised service , but without the requirement for overseas service . Again , the medal was automatically given to the next - of - kin of casualties if they were killed before the completion of this period . The medal was also awarded , with the same conditions , to a number of non - Naval personnel serving on Royal Navy ships , such as canteen and medical staff , and to members of the Women ' s Royal Naval Service . In the Royal Air Force , eligibility was broadly the same as for the Army - it required overseas service . However , members of the RAF , RNAS or RFC who had seen combat whilst based in the UK , who had ferried aircraft to France , or who had served on ships carrying aircraft , were deemed eligible . The medal was later extended to cover the period 1919 – 20 and service in mine - clearing at sea as well as participation in operations in North and South Russia , the eastern Baltic , Siberia , the Black Sea , and the Caspian . Some 6 , 500 , 000 medals were awarded in total , of which 110 , 000 were bronze . These bronze medals were mostly issued to Chinese , Maltese , and Indians who served in labour battalion s of such organizations as the Chinese Labour Corps .
Battle of Castalla ( 1812 ) In the Battle of Castalla ( 21 July 1812 ) a small Spanish army commanded by Joseph O ' Donnell advanced to attack an Imperial French division under the leadership of Jean Isidore Harispe . O ' Donnell ' s battle plan was poorly conceived and the outnumbered French smashed his center column before his right and left wings could intervene . The engagement occurred during the Peninsular War , part of the Napoleonic Wars . The battle was fought near Castalla , north - west of Alicante , Spain . Background . In the successful Siege of Valencia and subsidiary operations , Marshal Louis Gabriel Suchet ' s French army conquered much of the province of Valencia . To the south , the Spanish Army of Murcia regrouped in an attempt to halt further French advances . On 16 January 1812 , the Spanish defeated an attempt by General of Division Louis - Pierre Montbrun and 5 , 500 French soldiers to seize their base at Alicante . An Anglo - Sicilian expedition under General Thomas Maitland was due to arrive at Alicante and General Arthur Wellesley , Marquess of Wellington asked Captain General Joseph O ' Donnell to conduct a holding operation . Battle . Ignoring Wellington ' s advice , O ' Donnell formed his 11 , 000 - strong army into three attack columns designed to envelop one of General of Division Jean Isidore Harispe ' s brigades . Abandoning the town of Castalla , Colonel Jacques - Antoine - Adrien Delort drew up his soldiers on a nearby ridge . As O ' Donnell ' s three center brigades probed the position , the French 24th Dragoon regiment unexpectedly arrived on the battlefield and delivered a series of crushing blows . The French cavalry and infantry killed or wounded 1 , 000 Spanish soldiers and rounded up 2 , 135 prisoners . The Spanish right and left columns made such wide circuits of the battlefield that the fighting was over before they could influence the result . When Maitland landed he found the Army of Murcia in no shape to conduct operations for several months . The day after Castalla , Wellington won a decisive victory over the French at Salamanca and threatened to break Napoleon ' s grip on Spain .
378th Fighter Squadron The 378th Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 362d Fighter Group , Second Air Force , stationed at Biggs Field , Texas . It was inactivated on 1 August 1946 . History . Established on 1 March 1943 at Westover Field , Massachusetts as the 362d Fighter Group , equipped with P - 47 Thunderbolt s . Deployed to the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) , and assigned to Ninth Air Force in England . Engaged in combat operations until May 1945 . Reassigned back to the United States in August – September 1945 , and assigned to First Air Force at Seymour Johnson Field , North Carolina , being programmed for deployment to Okinawa to take part in the planned Invasion of Japan . As a result of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the sudden end of the Pacific War , the deployment plans were canceled , however the unit was retained as part of the Second Air Force under Continental Air Forces and reassigned to Biggs Field , Texas , being equipped with P - 51 Mustang s . Inactivated on 1 August due to postwar budget restrictions .
2nd Mountain Division ( Wehrmacht ) The German 2nd Mountain Division was raised in 1938 from the former Austrian 6th Mountain Division and German mountain troops . It fought as part of Army Group South during the Invasion of Poland ( 1939 , attacking from the territory of Slovak State ) , then took part in the invasion of Norway in 1940 , and attempted to relieve the beleaguered 3rd Mountain Division at Narvik . In 1941 it moved into Lapland to participate in Operation Silberfuchs , the attack on the Soviet Arctic as part of Operation Barbarossa . In late 1944 it withdrew to Norway and then transferred to Denmark . In 1945 , it fought on the Western Front , where it was engaged in heavy combat near Trier . The Allies destroyed much of the division near Württemberg towards the end of the war , with survivors surrendering to the Americans .
Franz Böhme Franz Friedrich Böhme ( 15 April 1885 , Zeltweg , Styria , Austria - Hungary – 29 May 1947 ) was an Austrian . He served on behalf of the Austro - Hungarian army in World War I , and as a general in the German Army , serving as Commander of the XVIII Mountain Corps , Hitler ' s ' Plenipotentiary Commanding General ' on the Balkan , and Commander - in - Chief in German - occupied Norway during World War II . Böhme stood trial in Nuremberg for having massacred thousands of Serbian civilians . He committed suicide in prison . Personal life . Böhme ' s father , Ernst Friedrich , died in 1902 , when Franz was 17 years old , and his mother , the former Maria Ludmilla ( née Stremayr ) , died the following year . In 1929 , Böhme married Romana Maria Hüller von Hüllenried , the daughter of Generalmajor Karl Rudolf Hüller von Hüllenried . Interwar years . Böhme served in the Austrian army during the interwar years . The Berchtesgaden agreement ( 12 February 1938 ) stipulated in paragraph 8 that the Austrian chief of staff , Alfred Jansa , who favoured a military response in case of a German attack , had to be replaced by Franz Böhme . Trial and suicide . After being captured in Norway , he was brought before the Hostages Trial , a division of the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials , and charged with war crimes committed in Serbia , during his 1941 control of the region . He had upped the ante of retaliatory strikes against Serbs , killing a hundred Serbs for every German killed , and fifty for every German wounded ; this resulted in the massacre of thousands of civilians . When his extradition to Yugoslavia seemed imminent , Böhme committed suicide by jumping from the 4th storey of the prison in which he was being held . His body was interred at St . Leonhard - Friedhof in Graz .
French submarine Améthyste ( S605 ) The Améthyste is a nuclear - powered attack submarine of the French Navy , the fifth of the " Rubis " type . Her name is a pun on a precious stone ( Amethyst ) and the acronym " AMElioration Tactique , HydrodYnamique , Silence , Transmission , Ecoute " ( " Tactical , hydrodynamics , silence and transmission improvements " ) . She is the first vessel to serve in the French Navy under that name . She is a major upgrade upon the initial design of the " Rubis " type , and earlier units have since been refitted to meet her standards . The " Améthyste " also took part in " Operation Allied Force " , the 1999 bombing campaign over Yugoslavia , by protecting the NATO aeronaval group . Along with the " Rubis " , she was one of the two submarines that interdicted the Kotor straits to the Serbian Navy , thus effectively forbidding their use . She also gathered information for the coalition . The submarine " Améthyste " was part of the French naval task group led by the " Charles de Gaulle " that departed Toulon on 30 October 2010 for a four - month deployment to the Mediterranean Sea , Red Sea , Indian Ocean . and Persian Gulf . The task group commander , Rear Admiral Jean - Louis Kerignard , defined force ' s mission as follows : " The force would help allied navies fight piracy off the coast of Somalia and send jets to support NATO in the skies above Afghanistan . " Once on station , the " Charles de Gaulle " carrier task group joined two U . S . Navy carrier strike group s led by the Nimitz class aircraft carrier aircraft carriers and operating in the Persian Gulf . Subsequently , between 7 – 14 January 2011 , the French carrier task group led by the " Charles de Gaulle " participated with bilateral naval exercise , code named Varuna 10 , with the Indian Navy . Indian naval units participating in Varuna 10 included the aircraft carrier , the frigates and ; and the diesel - electric submarine . Varuna 10 was a two - phase naval exercise , with the harbor phase taking place between 7 – 11 January and the sea phase between 11 – 14 January in the Arabian Sea .
Gus Broberg Gustave Theodore " Gus " Broberg , Jr . ( June 16 , 1920 – November 23 , 2001 ) was a college basketball standout , World War II pilot , lawyer and judge . An American , Broberg played basketball as a at Dartmouth College from 1938 to 1941 , where he became the first Ivy League player to lead the conference in scoring for three straight seasons ; he scored 13 . 8 points per game ( ppg ) as a sophomore , 14 . 5 ppg as a junior and 14 . 9 ppg as a senior . Broberg was a Helms Foundation First Team All - American as a sophomore in 1938 – 39 , and then a two - time Consensus First Team All - American in 1940 and 1941 . Broberg played minor league baseball for a brief stint after he graduated from college , but then enlisted in the United States Marine Corps to serve as a pilot in World War II . He lost his right arm when his plane crashed , earning him a Purple Heart . He later life he became a lawyer and judge in Florida after earning his J . D . from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1948 . Gus Broberg was the father of former Major League Baseball pitcher Pete Broberg , and both were inducted into the Palm Beach Sports Hall of Fame in 1984 .