naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William Beall William Nelson Rector Beall ( March 20 , 1825 – July 25 , 1883 ) was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . He is most noted for his supply efforts on behalf of Confederate prisoners of war . Early life and career . William N . R . Beall was born in Bardstown , Kentucky on March 20 , 1825 . His parents moved from Kentucky to Arkansas where Beall was raised . After graduating 30th in his class from the United States Military Academy in 1848 , Beall was commissioned in the United States Army as a brevet second lieutenant with the U . S . 4th Infantry Regiment . He first served on the northwestern frontier . In 1849 , he was promoted to second lieutenant and assigned to the Fifth Infantry , serving until 1855 in the Indian Territory and Texas . He was promoted to first lieutenant and then shortly thereafter to captain with the First Cavalry . Beall was involved in several skirmishes , combats , and expeditions against the Indian tribes in the West , primarily in Kansas . In 1860 , he participated in a raid against the Kiowas and Commanches . Civil War . At the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 , Beall resigned his commission and was appointed as a captain of cavalry in the Confederate Army . Beall served in the Trans - Mississippi Department under General Earl Van Dorn early in the war and was appointed brigadier general in the spring of 1862 . Beall was placed in command of the Confederate cavalry forces at Corinth , Mississippi . Beall then commanded a brigade of troops from Arkansas , Mississippi , Alabama and Louisiana . At the Siege of Port Hudson , the Confederate forces surrendered on July 9 , 1863 , and Beall was taken as a prisoner of war . He was imprisoned at Johnson ' s Island on Lake Erie near Sandusky , Ohio . In 1864 , Beall was appointed as a Confederate agent for the purpose of supplying Confederate prisoners of war and paroled for this purpose . He established an office in New York City and sold cotton allowed through the Union blockade of southern ports . The proceeds from these sales were used to purchase clothing and blankets for Confederate prisoners in northern prison camps . On January 3 , 1865 , Union General Henry Halleck wrote to General Ulysses Grant regarding Beall : Secretary of War Edwin M . Stanton suspended Beall ' s parole and placed him in Fort Lafayette in New York Harbor as a prisoner of war until the cotton safely arrived from Mobile , Alabama . He was finally released from Federal custody on August 2 , 1865 . After the war , he moved to St . Louis , Missouri and became a general commission merchant . Postbellum . Beall died on July 25 , 1883 , in McMinnville , Tennessee . He is buried at Mount Olivet Cemetery in Nashville .
USS J . A . Palmer ( SP - 319 ) USS " J . A . Palmer " ( SP - 319 ) , later USS " SP - 319 " , was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission between 1917 and 1919 . " J . A . Palmer " was built as a wooden commercial fishing vessel of the same name in 1912 by Jackson and Sharpe at Wilmington , Delaware . The U . S . Navy acquired her from her owners , the C . E . Davis Packing Company of Reedville , Virginia , on 7 April 1917 for World War I service as a patrol vessel . She was commissioned the same day as USS " J . A . Palmer " ( SP - 319 ) with Boatswain W . A . Hudgins in command . Assigned to the 5th Naval District , " J . A . Palmer " operated on section patrol duty off Cape Henry , Virginia , until February 1918 , when she received special cable equipment at Berkeley , Virginia . She then was loaned to the United States Coast Guard for use as a cable ship and steamed along the United States East Coast laying and repairing cable . To avoid confusion with the destroyer USS " Palmer " ( DD - 161 ) , " J . A . Palmer " s name was dropped on 17 January 1919 , and she became USS " SP - 319 " as of that date . " SP - 319 " was transferred to the Coast Guard on 10 September 1919 for continued use as a cable ship . She served in the Coast Guard as USCGC " Pequot " until 1922 .
Antoni Madaliński Antoni Madaliński ( 1739 - 1805 ) – Polish Lieutenant General , commander of 1st Greater Polish National Cavalry Brigade during Kościuszko Uprising . He was Bar Confederation participant . In 1786 was elected deputy and soon after deputy on Great Sejm . He participated in Polish - Russian War of 1792 . On March 12 , 1794 , he decided to disobey the order to demobilise his unit , advancing his troops from Ostrołęka to Kraków , even attacking Prussian army posts along a Polish border . This sparked an outbreak of riots against Russian forces throughout the country . The Russian garrison of Kraków was ordered to leave the city and attack the Polish forces . This left the city completely undefended . He fought in battle of Racławice and Szczekociny . His formation has assured the expedition of Polish forces commanded by General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski to Wielkopolska . After capitulation , he was jailed by the Prussians from 1795 - 1797 .
Michael Seifert ( SS guard ) Michael Seifert ( March 16 , 1924 – November 6 , 2010 ) was an SS guard in Italy during World War II . He was an ethnic German born in Landau ( present - day Mykolaiv Oblast , Ukraine ) . Dubbed the " Beast of Bolzano " , he was convicted " in absentia " in 2000 by a military tribunal in Verona , Italy , on nine counts of murder , committed while he was an SS guard at the Bolzano Transit Camp , northern Italy . He was sentenced to life in prison and extradited on February 17 , 2008 , from Canada to Italy . His crimes involved actions taken in a prison camp in Bolzano from 1944 to 1945 . At his trial , witnesses accused him of leaving a prisoner to starve to death , raping and killing a pregnant woman , and gouging an inmate ' s eyes out . Avi Benlolo , president of the Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Center for Holocaust Studies in Canada , noted that Seifert ' s imprisonment " sets an example for other war criminal s , not only Nazi war criminals , but war criminals related to Rwanda , Bosnia , Darfur , or any other genocide , that there ' s no time limit to justice " . After his extradition to Italy from Canada , Seifert was held in an Italian military prison in Santa Maria Capua Vetere . Prosecutors from Italy and Germany intended to interview him regarding other war crimes that may have taken place at Bolzano . He died in 2010 in Santa Maria after having been transferred to a hospital from the Capua Vetere prison . He was buried in a cemetery near Caserta after his body went unclaimed by friends and relatives .
TR - 85 The TR - 85 is a Romania n main battle tank based on the TR - 77 - 580 ( Romanian - built successor of the Soviet T - 55 tank ) with a T - block powerpack ( similar to the one used in the Leopard 1 ) based on a license - built V8 German 830 hp diesel engine , a locally - designed fire control system " Ciclop " with cross - wind sensor and LRF , and a completely redesigned suspension with 6 road wheels on each side , protected by metal side skirts . Combat weight is 47 . 2 tons . It was developed from 1978 to 1985 , series production started in 1986 . The tank was featured on BBC Three series ' The World ' s Toughest Driving Tests ' in April 2010 . Operators . n Land Force
Comtat Venaissin The Comtat Venaissin , often called the Comtat for short ( in Provençal " lou Coumtat Venessin " , " la Coumtat " in mistralian norm and " lo Comtat Venaicin " , " la Comtat " in classical norm ) , is the former name of the region around the city of Avignon in what is now the Provence - Alpes - Côte d ' Azur region of France . It comprised roughly the area between the Rhône , the Durance and Mont Ventoux , with a small exclave located to the north around the town of Valréas bought by the pope John XXII . The entire region was an enclave within the Kingdom of France . The Comtat also bordered ( and mostly surrounded ) the Principality of Orange . Avignon itself was never part of the Comtat but constituted a separate " comtat " ( county ) in its own right , in effect forming an enclave within an enclave . The region is still known informally as the Comtat Venaissin , although this no longer has any political meaning . History . In 1096 , the Comtat was part of the Margraviate of Provence that was inherited by Raymond IV , Count of Toulouse from William Bertrand of Provence . These lands in the Holy Roman Empire belonged to Joan , the hereditary Countess of Toulouse and wife of Alphonse , Count of Poitiers . Alphonse had bequeathed it to the Holy See on his death in 1271 . Since this happened during the interregnum , there was no Holy Roman Emperor to protect Joan ' s rights . The Comtat became a Papal territory in 1274 . The region was named after its former capital , Venasque , which was replaced as capital by Carpentras in 1320 . Avignon was sold to the Papacy by Countess Jeanne of Provence in 1348 , whereupon the two " comtats " were joined together to form a unified Papal enclave ( though retaining their separate political identities ) . The enclave ' s inhabitants did not pay taxes and were not subject to military service , making life in the Comtat considerably more attractive than under the French Crown . It became a haven for French Jews , who received better treatment under papal rule than in the rest of France . The oldest synagogue in France , built in the 14th century , is in Carpentras . Until the French revolution they preserved a distinctive Provençal ritual . Successive French rulers sought to annex the region to France . It was invaded by French troops in 1663 , 1668 and 1768 – 74 during disputes between the Crown and the Church . It was also subjected to trade and customs restrictions during the reigns of Louis XIV and Louis XV . Papal control persisted until 1791 , when an unauthorized plebiscite was held and the inhabitants voted for annexation by France . Few years later , Vaucluse " département " was created based on " Comtat Venaissin " including the exclave of Valréas and a part of the Luberon for the southern half . The papacy did not , however , recognise this formally until 1814 .
Jonesborough Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Jonesborough of the American Civil War on August 31 - September 1 , 1864 . Military Division of the Mississippi . MG William T . Sherman < br > < br > Headquarters Army of the Cumberland . MG George Henry Thomas < br > < br > Headquarters IV Corps . MG David S . Stanley XIV Corps . BG Jefferson C . Davis Cavalry Corps . BG Washington Elliott , Chief of Cavalry , Army of the Cumberland Army of the Tennessee . MG Oliver O . Howard < br > < br > Headquarters XV Corps . MG John A . Logan XVI Corps . BG Thomas E . G . Ransom XVII Corps . MG Francis P . Blair , Jr .
USS LST - 896 USS " LST - 896 " was an in the United States Navy . Like many of her class , she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation . " LST - 896 " was laid down on 6 October 1944 at Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , by the Dravo Corporation ; launched on 18 November 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Russell D . Strouse ; and commissioned on 20 December 1944 , Lt . Vinton C . Vint in command . Service history . Following World War II , " LST - 896 " performed occupation duty in the Far East and saw service in China until early December 1945 . She was decommissioned on 3 December 1945 and struck from the Navy list on 3 January 1946 . Her typhoon - damaged hulk was destroyed on 8 March 1946 .
Enfield Sten The Sten Submachine Gun was a British emergency weapon designed by Reginald V . Shepherd and Harald J . Turpin at the Enfield Lock and Small Arms Factory , with more than twenty variants , the number of Stens produced surpassed Four millions of units . Sten stands for Reginald Shepherd , Harold Turpin and Enfield , the chief designers of the weapon . History . In an attempt to re - equip the British Army after the defeat of Dunkirk was issued an urgent application for an order based on the MP 38 submachine gun that could be produced quickly . Within weeks the project RV Shepherd and HJ Turpin , who worked in the Enfield Lock Small Arms Factory , was accepted . The first model was the Sten Mk I . Designed to be produced quickly and the cheapest way possible . It was made of metal pipes and sheet metal , all bound together by welding . The comb was also made with metal plates and the trigger mechanism was concealed by wood . The gun had a horrible appearance but was a way of defense in a desperate situation . Production of the Mk I reached 100 , 000 units . In 1942 came the Mk II in action that became the classic Sten . It was all done in metal . One advantage of the Mk II was when he had some unassembled parts , such as the barrel , and had just took up little space . For this advantage it has equipped many forces of resistance in occupied Europe . There was a version of the Mk II which was produced with a silencer for special operations . This was called the Sten Mk IIS . After these models entered service in the Mk III , which produced the thousands was basically an even simpler version of the Mk I . The Sten Mk IV was developed for paratroopers but was not put into production . At the time of the Mk V entered service in the war went well for the Allies and less pressure on them to allow Sten could ever be produced more finely . The Mk V was without doubt the best of Sten due to its higher production and material . It had wooden details , could be equipped with a bayonet and used the rifle sights of the Lee - Enfield No . 4 . The Mk V was used by paratroopers in 1944 and after the war it became the standard submachine gun of the British Army . The production of all models of Sten reaches 4 million units .
Christopher Carleton Christopher Carleton ( 1749 – 1787 ) was born in Newcastle - upon - Tyne , England , into a military family . Christopher ' s parents died at sea when he was only four years old and his uncles Guy Carleton , 1st Baron Dorchester , the future Governor General of Canada and Commander - in - Chief , North America , along with Sir Thomas Carleton , the 1st Governor of New Brunswick , saw to his education and upbringing . At the age of twelve , Chistopher joined the British Army as an Ensign in the 31st Regiment of Foot . Before his first tour of duty in North America , Chistopher married Anne Howard , whose sister Maria was the wife of Guy Carleton . While in North America , Christopher Carleton met Sir William Johnson and lived among the Mohawk Indians , learning their language and partaking in their customs . He would remark in later life that the time spent living with the Mohawks was the happiest of his life . These skills would serve him well later . Christopher would be back in England when the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1775 . In May 1776 , Capt . Christopher Carleton arrived at Quebec City as part of a relief force for his uncle Guy Carleton , besieged in the city by the Continental Army forces . During the campaign leading up to the Battle of Valcour Island , Capt . Christopher Carleton served on his uncle ' s staff and in command of detachments of Indian allies . In 1777 , Christopher purchased a major ' s commission in the 29th Regiment of Foot , in which his uncle Sir Thomas Carleton was a Lieutenant Colonel . Raids . In the Fall of 1778 , Maj . Chistopher Carleton led a raid along the shores of Lake Champlain burning the towns along Otter Creek in Vermont and taking the local militia men prisoner . Carleton ' s Raid ( 1778 ) was very successful , destroying enough supplies for 12 , 000 men for a four month campaign . Maj . Carleton also showed that he was an expert in leading Native American warriors along with British Regulars and Loyalist troops , a feat that not many British officers could claim . His time spent with the Mohawks in his youth had paid off . During the Burning of the Valleys campaign of 1780 , Maj . Carleton lead another raid down Lake Champlain into the upper Hudson Valley capturing the forts at Fort Ann and Fort George with a mixed force of British Regulars , Loyalist troops , Hessians and Indians , including the 29th ' s unique ranger company of John Enys . The years spent on the cold northern frontiers of North America took their toll on now Lt . Colonel Christopher Carlton ' s health and he died on June 14 , 1787 , at Quebec City .
Ford Fordor The Ford Fordor , known officially as the Ford C11ADF , Station Wagon / Heavy Utility , 4x2 , was a militarized station wagon used in World War II in North Africa . They often had roof hatches and sometimes had the roof completely removed . References . Bart Vanderveen ( 1989 ) ' Historic Military Vehicles Directory '
Torrente Comunelli Airfield Torrente Comunelli Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Sicily , located 5 km west - northwest of Gela , approximately 140 km southeast of Palermo . It was an all - weather temporary field built by the XII Engineer Command using a graded earth compacted surface , with a prefabricated hessian ( burlap ) surfacing known as PHS . PHS was made of an asphalt - impregnated jute which was rolled out over the compacted surface over a square mesh track ( SMT ) grid of wire joined in 3 - inch squares . Pierced Steel Planking was also used for parking areas , as well as for dispersal sites , when it was available . In addition , tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . Once completed it was turned over for use by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force 47th Bombardment Group from 9 – 20 August 1943 , flying A - 20 Havoc light bombers . From Torrente Comunelli , the group flew missions over Sicily in support of the ground forces engaged in battle When the 86th moved out the airfield was closed and dismantled . Today there remains a slightly visible main runway in an agricultural field .
Bentonville Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Bentonville of the American Civil War . The Confederate order of battle is shown separately . Grand Army of the West . MG William T . Sherman , commanding " Headquarters Guard " " Engineers and Mechanics " Right Wing ( Army of the Tennessee ) . MG Oliver O . Howard " Escort " " Pontoon Train Guard " XV Corps . Maj . Gen . John A . Logan XVII Corps . MG Francis Preston Blair , Jr . Escort Left Wing ( Army of Georgia , Recently the Army of the Cumberland ) . Maj . Gen . Henry W . Slocum " Pontoniers " XIV Corps . Bvt . MG Jefferson C . Davis XX Corps . Bvt . MG Alpheus S . Williams
Stuart Couch Lieutenant Colonel Stuart Couch is an American lawyer and officer in the United States Marine Corps . Background . Couch had a friend , from his Marine Corps service , Michael Horrocks , who was a co - pilot of one of the jets hijacked on September 11 , 2001 . Couch is reported to have returned to service , following the attacks , so he could " get crack to the guys who attacked the United States . " Service as a prosecutor at the Guantanamo Military Commissions . Couch was assigned to serve as one of the prosecutors of Mohamedou Ould Slahi in his case before a military commission at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp . In 2003 Couch withdrew from Slahi ' s prosecution team because he believed he was asked to use evidence obtained through means of coercive interrogation that violated the Uniform Code of Military Justice , U . S . laws , and the United States ' treaty obligations . He said he believed that Slahi was guilty but felt that evidence derived from torture was inadmissible in court . On July 19 , 2007 the " Globe and Mail " quoted an email from Couch : " I would not characterize my decision re : Slahi as ' comfortable ' but in retrospect would still make the same decision , " His resignation received national media coverage , including a long article in 2007 in the " Wall Street Journal " . It said that he had argued with Robert L . Swann , the Chief Prosecutor . On February 26 , 2009 , the " Virginia Law Weekly " also profiled Couch . In a lecture , Couch said : “ In the fall of 2003 , something caused Slahi to start singing like a canary . ” Couch was later to learn that Slahi had been put under " special projects " interrogation plan authorized by the Office of the Legal Counsel in consultation with the CIA , in which specific enhanced interrogation techniques , commonly considered torture , were used . Testimony before Congress . Couch was scheduled to testify before the House Judiciary Committee on November 8 , 2007 . An e - mail from the Department of Defense ' s General Counsel , William J . Haynes , II , informed him on November 7 , 2007 : " . . . as a sitting judge and former prosecutor , it is improper for you to testify about matters still pending in the military court system , and you are not to appear before the committee to testify tomorrow . " Congressional Representative Jerrold Nadler criticized the Bush Presidency for stonewalling by withholding Couch ' s testimony .
Manuel Blanco Encalada Manuel José Blanco y Calvo de Encalada ( April 21 , 1790 – September 5 , 1876 ) was a Vice - Admiral in the Chilean Navy , a political figure , and Chile ' s first President ( Provisional ) ( 1826 ) . Biography . Born in Buenos Aires , Blanco Encalada was the son of the Spanish Manuel Lorenzo Blanco Cicerón and of the Chilean Mercedes Calvo de Encalada y Recabarren . He was trained for the navy in Spain . Later , during the Chilean War of Independence , he joined the Chilean forces , where he served with distinction under Lord Cochrane and rose to rank of Vice - Admiral and commander of the Chilean forces in ( 1825 ) , where he participated in the capture of Chiloé . The following year , Congress elected him to the newly established position of President of the Republic . He soon had several fights with Congress , which was trying to install a federalist system , and resigned within two months . Later , he joined the wars against the Peruvian - Bolivian Confederation and Spain ( 1865 – 1866 ) . After the war , he became Governor of Valparaíso and minister to France . He was also an active Freemason . Blanco Encalada died in Santiago de Chile at the age of 86 .
List of District of Columbia Civil War regiments The following is a list of Union Army regiments from the District of Columbia during the American Civil War . A total of 15 , 131 men fought in two regiments and four battalions of infantry and one regiment of cavalry . Other independent companies were raised during the war for local defense , including 33 companies of infantry and one company of cavalry raised from the District militia from April to July 1861 .
William B . Anderson William Black Anderson is a former member of the US House of Representatives from Illinois . Born April 2 , 1830 in Mount Vernon , Illinois , he attended McKendree College and studied law . Despite being admitted to the bar , he never practiced law , instead pursuing agricultural works . From 1856 - 58 , he served in the Illinois House of Representatives . During the American Civil War , Anderson served the Union army , eventually rising to the rank of brigadier general . In 1871 , he was elected to the Illinois Senate and then to the US House in 1875 . After one term , he left politics , eventually taking a job with the IRS . He died in Chicago on August 28 , 1901 .