naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Armed Forces Service Medal The Armed Forces Service Medal ( AFSM ) is a military award of the United States military which was created on January 11 , 1996 by President Bill Clinton under . The medal is a theater service award which is presented to those service members who engage in " significant activity " for which no other campaign or service medal is authorized . The term " significant activity " is determined by theater commanders and is normally deemed to be participation in a U . S . military operation considered to hold a high degree of scope , impact , and international significance that the operation warrants the presentation of a permanent service medal . Actions to be considered include peacekeeping operations , prolonged humanitarian actions , or military operations in support ( or as a member of ) NATO or United Nations forces . The Armed Forces Service Medal was originally intended to be a replacement for the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal , however the two awards are considered separate awards with different award criteria . The primary difference between the two is that the Armed Forces Service Medal is awarded for actions " through which no foreign armed opposition or imminent threat of hostile action was encountered " . This definition separates the two medals in that the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal is normally awarded for combat operations and other combat support missions . To qualify for the medal , service members must be bonafide members of a unit participating for one or more days in the operation within the designated areas of eligibility , or meet one or more of the following criteria : . Additional awards of the Armed Forces Service Medal are denoted by service stars . Designated U . S . military operations . The following U . S . military operations are approved for award of the AFSM : As an exception to Department of Defense policy the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal , and the Armed Forces Service Medal may be awarded concurrently for the following Operations in Yugoslavia : This medal was also awarded to U . S . Forces in relation to Hurricane Katrina , and Hurricane Rita relief efforts for 30 consecutive or 60 accumulated days from 27 August 2005 - 27 February 2006
HMCS Shawinigan ( MM 704 ) HMCS " Shawinigan " ( MM 704 ) is a that has served in the Canadian Forces since 1997 . " Shawinigan " is the fifth ship of her class which is the name for the Maritime Coastal Defence Vessel Project . She is the second vessel to use the designation . " Shawinigan " was laid down on 26 April 1996 at Halifax Shipyards Ltd . , Halifax and was launched on 15 November 1996 . She was officially commissioned into the CF on 14 June 1997 and carries the pennant number 704 . She is assigned to Maritime Forces Atlantic ( MARLANT ) and is homeported at CFB Halifax .
Soviet partisan brigade 1941 – 44 Soviet partisan brigade ( 1941 — 1944 ) ( ) , was the organisational form of the Soviet partisan units , the principal organisational form of the units operating on the territory of BSSR . On the BSSR territory , the first brigade - like unit ( « Pavlovskiy harrison » ) was created in January 1942 ( Aktsyabrski dist . of Palesye province ) . The brigade comprised from several hundred to several thousand fighting persons in 3 — 7 detachments ( rarely called battalions ) . The emphasis on the brigades was put in order to enhance the offensive capabilituies of the partisan units , to facilitate their cooperation , mutual coordination of activities , more effective radio communications and logistical support . < div class = references - small >
Sikorsky S - 20 The Sikorsky S - 20 ( named after its designer ) or RBVZ S - XX ( named after its manufacturer ) was a Russian single - bay unequal span two - seat biplane designed by Igor Sikorsky in 1916 . Displaying some Nieuport influence , it saw very little service during World War I . Five S - XX aircraft were built in September 1916 , with the first two powered by the 100 hp Gnome rotary engine which had powered its predecessor , the RBVZ S - XVI . However , the other three were powered with the 120 hp Le Rhone engine , with which they were allegedly faster than the French Nieuport 17 . Operational history . The S - XX saw little service because it was viewed as inferior to newer enemy aircraft , and no series production was undertaken . As such , only five aircraft were ever produced .
University Royal Naval Unit A University Royal Naval Unit ( URNU ) is a Royal Navy training establishment connected to a university , or a number of universities concentrated in one area . There are 14 URNUs nationwide in the UK , and each URNU has land - based facilities near the university in question , up to four training officers ( members of the Royal Naval Reserve ) and a dedicated training vessel ( an " Archer " - class P2000 fast patrol boat ) . Units and ships . The units and their ships are URNU ships are part of the 1st Patrol Boat Squadron , or " 1PBS " . 1PBS is commanded by Commander 1PBS , who is also Commander URNU . The mission statement of 1PBS is to provide high - quality sea training experiences in support of the URNU mission and to deliver P2000 operational capability in support of other fleet tasking . Aim . The aim of a URNU is to provide an insight into naval life for undergraduates - however , there is no commitment for the students to join the Royal Navy or Royal Marines after graduation ( although a significant proportion of the Royal Navy ' s new officer intake each year comes from the URNUs ) . Even if the students do not choose to join the Navy afterwards , they will take away a greater understanding of modern naval forces with them into civilian life . Membership . While the URNUs are commanded by Commander URNU ( also Commander 1PBS ) they fall under the overall jurisdiction of Commodore BRNC ( the officer - in - charge of the Britannia Royal Naval College ) , Dartmouth . Each URNU is commanded by a lieutenant RN or a lieutenant commander who also takes command of the unit ' s P2000 . Each URNU comprises 51 undergraduates who join for the duration of their degree , with the option of taking years out or leaving at any time . Undergraduates join for three years , or in some cases the duration of their course . Members hold the rank of honorary midshipman in the Royal Naval Reserve . A notable difference between this and other ranks in the Royal Navy is that there is no call - up liability and members may leave at any time . Training . Training focuses on navigation and seamanship , and this is put into practice during sea weekends , and longer deployments during the summer and Easter vacations . There is also a social element to URNU life from formal mess dinners including the main naval social event of the year , Trafalgar Night , to informal socialising in the unit ' s mess . There are sporting activities held within the URNU units , informal contests between the units and an annual sports weekend between all units .
HMS Rushen Castle ( K372 ) HMS " Rushen Castle " ( K372 ) was a of the United Kingdom ' s Royal Navy . She was named after Castle Rushen in Castletown , Isle of Man . Built by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson Ltd , she was launched on 16 July 1943 and finished on 23 February 1944 - she served as a convoy escort during the Second World War . She was transferred to the British Air Ministry on 26 September 1960 for use as a weather ship , and was commissioned as " Weather Surveyor " on 21 December 1961 . She was sold on 15 July 1977 and converted to a salvage vessel . She was scrapped at Hendrik - Ido - Ambacht in the Netherlands in 1983 . The wartime commanding officer , R . C . Warwick , RNR , published a book , " Really Not Required " , detailing his wartime experience on this ship and his previous command , the anti - submarine trawler .
88th Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 88th Brigade was a formation of the British Army . It was originally formed from regular army battalions serving away from home in the British Empire . It was assigned to the 29th Division and served on the Western Front and the Gallipoli Campaign and in Egypt during the First World War .
ComServPac Service Forces , United States Pacific Fleet , usually known as COMSERVPAC , was a service support command of the United States Pacific Fleet from 1942 until 1973 . It was the reincarnation of the former Base Force . The Service Force comprised the supply train of the fleet which includes Oilers ( AO ) , Gasoline Tanker ( AOG ) , Repair Ships ( AR ) , Ammunition Ship s ( AE ) , Destroyer Tender s ( AD ) and Submarine tender s ( AS ) . Service forces were under the " ComServPac " were known as ServPac or SERVPAC . From 1942 , the early Service Force was organized around four squadrons : Two , Four , Six , and Eight . Squadron Two included hospital ships , fleet motion - picture exchange , repair ships , salvage ships , and tugs . Squadron Four had the transports and the responsibility for training . This was the tiny nucleus of what eventually became the great Amphibious Force , or Forces . Squadron Six took care of all target - practice firing and of the towing of targets , both surface and aerial . Six also controlled the Fleet Camera Party , Target Repair Base , Anti - Aircraft School , Fleet Machine Gun School , and Small Craft Disbursing . Squadron Eight had the responsibility for the supply and distribution to the fleet of all its fuels , food , and ammunition . Growth and changes came . In March 1942 the name was changed to Service Forces Pacific Fleet . Headquarters had already moved ashore from the to the Pearl Harbor Navy Yard , and later moved again to the new administration building of the Commander in Chief Pacific , in the Makalapa area outside the navy yard . In 1973 cruisers , destroyers , amphibious ships , mine warfare vessels , and service ships in the Pacific Fleet all came under the command of Commander , Naval Surface Forces Pacific . The ships of the modern day equivalent of the service force have gradually transferred from Naval Surface Forces Pacific to the Military Sealift Command ' s Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force . In 1984 , Service Group 1 and Service Squadron 3 on the West Coast had a total of fifteen ships assigned ( 2 AFS , 2 AOE , 3 AOR , 1 AR , 7 AE ) . In addition , Service Squadron 5 at Pearl Harbor had another 2 ARS and 2 ATS . By 1987 , Service Squadron 3 had been disestablished and there were a total of fourteen service ships on the West Coast , plus five more in Service Squadron 5 . By 2012 , the Military Balance listed 5 Sacramento class fast combat support ship s and Supply - class oilers ( AOE ) in regular U . S . Navy service , but 42 vessels in the Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force . Commanders . Former Commanders , Base Force , Pacific Fleet Former Commanders , Service Force , Pacific Fleet
Louis Jaurès Marie Paul Louis Jaurès ( 18 August 1860 , Castres , Tarn - 30 October 1937 ) was a French admiral and deputy . He was the brother of Jean Jaurès . Biography . Jaurès was born at Castres , Tarn . After his studies at the École Navale , Louis Jaurès took part in the trials of the " Gymnote " . In 1903 , Jaurès was capitaine de frégate , in command of the " Galilée " ; he was sent to rescue five sailors abandoned in Africa by their employer , Jacques Lebaudy , who had turned insane . Jaurès later took command of the " Gloire " . The ship suffered an accidental explosion on 20 September 1911 which caused limited damage . Promoted to capitaine de vaisseau , Jaurès took command of the first - rank battleship " Liberté " on 24 November 1910 . On 25 September 1911 , as Jaurès was on shore leave , the " Liberté " was destroyed by an accidental explosion . He was put on trial and slandered by the right - wing press , but was acquitted by the court martial . During the First World War , Jaurès was préfet maritime of Cherbourg . Jaurès reached the rank of vice - admiral , and took up a political career as a Socialist - Republican deputy for Paris . He died in the latter city in 1937 .
Edmund Beardsley Underwood Edmund Beardsley Underwood ( 1853 – April 12 , 1928 ) was a Commodore in the United States Navy . Born in March 1853 , at Humboldt Bay , in California , the son of U . S . Army Lieutenant Edmund Underwood and Mary Moore Beardsley . He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1873 . He was Commandant ( and therefore acting - Governor ) of American Samoa from May 5 , 1903 to January 30 , 1905 . He retired in 1910 .
Army Group F Army Group F ( ) was a strategic command formation of the Wehrmacht during the Second World War . The commander of Army Group F served also as the Oberbefehlshaber Südost ( OB South East ) . Created 12 August 1943 , at Bayreuth ( WK XIII ) , it was primarily stationed in the Balkans . Its commander from August 1943 was Maximilian von Weichs promoted to " Generalfeldmarschall " on 1 February 1943 , with General Lieutenant Hermann Foertsch serving as the Chief of Staff . Its primarily participation in combat was in defending against possible Allied invasion in what was seen as Germany ’ s " weak underbelly " , and fighting off local partisan groups that were gaining strength . In late 1944 , he oversaw the German retreat from Greece and most of Yugoslavia in the wake of the Budapest Offensive . The Army Group included for much of the war the 2nd Panzer Army in Yugoslavia and Albania , and the Army Group E in Greece . Order of Battle July 1944 . The subordinate units of the Army Group were predominantly the less capable " fortress " and reserve divisions , collaborationist foreign volunteer units such as the " Cossacks " and 392nd ( Croatian ) Infantry Division . For the defence of Serbia , the Commander of Army Group F assembled Army Group Serbia on 26 September 1944 . Army Group Serbia ( ) commanded by General Hans Felber . Army Group Serbia was disbanded on 27 October 1944 . Army Group F was disbanded 25 March 1945 .
Sablatnig C . I The Sablatnig N . I was a conventional C - type reconnaissance two - seater aircraft developed and built by Sablatnig in Berlin , Germany in 1917 . It was a two - bay biplane of conventional design , with staggered wings , two open cockpits in tandem , and fixed , tailskid undercarriage . The C . I was developed into the Sablatnig N . I in 1918 .
List of monitors of the United States Navy This is a list of all monitors of the United States Navy . While the most famous name is represented in this list , many monitors held multiple names during their service life . View the complete . The whole category of monitors took its name from the first of these , , designed in 1861 by John Ericsson . They were low - freeboard , steam - powered ironclad vessels , with one or two rotating armored turrets , rather than the traditional broadside of guns . The low freeboard meant that these ships were unsuitable for ocean - going duties and were always at risk of swamping and possible loss , but it reduced the amount of armor required for protection . They were succeeded by more seaworthy armored cruiser s and battleship s . " New Navy " monitors . The first five of these were ostensibly rebuilds of Civil War era monitors ( in much the same way that the 1854 sloop - of - war " Constellation " was ostensibly a refit of the 1797 sail frigate " Constellation " ) . In fact , they were entirely new ships , much larger and more capable than the previous ones . USN " Brown Water Navy " ( Vietnam War ) Monitors . The US Navy created their first Mobile Riverine Force ( MRF ) for the first time since the American Civil War , during the Vietnam War . World War II all steel - long Landing Craft Mechanized ( LCMs ) were used as the basic hull to convert into 24 " River Monitors " in the Republic of Vietnam ( RVN ) from 1966 - 1970 . This was a separate US Navy Mobile Riverine Force from the Swift Boats ( PCFs ) and PBRs already operating in country . The twenty - four river " Monitors " were divided into two groups : Program 4 & 5 . Ten Program 4 Monitors arrived first in RVN , and were armed with one 40mm cannon mounted inside a revolving Mk 52 turret ; while the 8 later arriving Program 5 versions ( designated " Monitor " " H " ) mounted one M49 105mm Howitzer inside a revolving T172 turret . Due to a shortage of M49 howitzers , the USN converted the remaining six Program 5 " Monitors " ( designated " Monitor " " F " ) to Flamethrower " Monitors " , and equipped them with an M10 - 8 flamethrower mounted inside an M8 cupola turret . The early Program 4 " Monitors " had hull numbers reflecting their " River Assault Division " ( RAD ) as well as their hull number . Later , simply the hull numbers were used , such as M - 1 ( Monitor 1 ) , A - 1 ( Alpha Boat 1 ) , C - 1 ( Command / Communications / Control 1 ) , etc .
Friedrich Karl Gustav , Baron von Langenau Friedrich Karl Gustav Freiherr von Langenau , Imperial Field Marshal - Lieutenant , ( 7 November 1782 , in Dresden - 4 July 1840 Gratz ) was Quartermaster - General of the Grand Army of Bohemia , in 1814 , and Austrian Army of the Upper Rhine , under Schwarzenberg in 1815 . Early life . He was the son of a Saxon lieutenant General , Gottlob Bernhard . He joined at the age of 13 years in the Saxon army , as a Unterleutnant , in the " Kurfürst " Infantry Regiment . He participated in the campaigns of 1796 to 1812 , including the Battle of Saalfeld . Notably , in the Russian Campaign in 1812 , he was head of the General Staff of the VII ( Saxon ) Corps . After the return of the Saxon Corps from Russia , the King appointed him Adjutant - General . In 1813 he negotiated a treaty for mutual defence with Austria ; but after the Battle of Lützen ( 1813 ) , the king of Saxony returned to the French fold at Dresden . Langenau resigned and fought for Austria . On 27 July 1813 , Langenau was Major General to the General Staff . At Dresden , 26 August 1813 , he was successful taking command from the wounded Major General v . Frierenberger . In Leipzig , 16 October 1813 , Feldm . Director - Lieut . Reisner gave direction to Langerau of the Center and the left wing batteries , united at two points , and silenced the enemy guns . On 18 October Langerau was the first to pursue the withdrawal of the enemy from the Wachau Valley . Langerau commanded artillery in battles near Hochheim ( on 9 November 1813 ) . His service as Quartermaster - General of the Grand Army of Bohemia , in 1814 , and of the Rhine Army , in 1815 , under Schwarzenberg , won him universal recognition . Joseph Radetzky von Radetz served under him in 1814 . Langernau in 1817 , became a Brigadier General in Linz . In 1827 he was appointed Feldmarschall - Lieutenant and assumed command in Frankfurt . In 1835 , he was appointed General in command , Illyria , Tyrol and intraday Austria , in which position he died at Gratz , Austria . Political . He was Austrian Plenipotentiary , and the Chairman of the Military Central Commission of the German Federal Assembly at Frankfurt am Main , from November 1818 to 1829 . Family . He married Sarah von Sturtz ( d . 1851 ) . Awards . France . Order of Military Merit – CC : 1816 Order of the Légion d ' Honneur – KC : 1812 Hessen - Darmstadt . Order of Ludwig – GC : 1829 Prussia . Order of the Red Eagle 1st cl . : 1824 Russia . Order of St . Anne 1st cl . : 1813 Saxony . Military Order of St . Henry – CC : before 1829
George W . Dunaway George W . Dunaway ( July 24 , 1922 – February 6 , 2008 ) was the second Sergeant Major of the Army . He was sworn in on September 1 , 1968 and served until his term ended in September 1970 . He was born in Richmond , Virginia , on July 24 , 1922 and died on February 6 , 2008 in Las Vegas , Nevada . After attending the Airborne Course in August 1943 , Sergeant Major Dunaway remained at Fort Benning , Georgia as an Airborne School Instructor until January 1945 when he joined the 517th Parachute Regimental Combat Team in France as a platoon sergeant . He returned to Fort Benning in December 1945 with assignment to the 501st Parachute Infantry Regiment where he served as first sergeant of Company " A " . In March 1948 , Sergeant Major Dunaway was reassigned to the 82d Airborne Division at Fort Bragg , North Carolina . There he became a member of the 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment as Operations Sergeant , ascending to the Regimental Sergeant Major position in 1952 . In early 1954 he transferred to the 187th Regimental Combat Team as the Combat Team Sergeant Major . He continued in that position for seven years during which he saw the Airborne Regimental Combat Team renamed as the 187th Infantry , when the 101st Airborne Division was reactivated on September 21 , 1956 , at Fort Campbell , Kentucky . Departing Fort Campbell in 1961 , he took the reins of the 1st Special Forces Group , 1st Special Forces in United States Army Pacific and later moved to the 5th Special Forces Group in Vietnam , where he remained until June 1967 . Returning to the United States , he re - joined the 101st Airborne Division as it prepared to move to Vietnam in the largest unit deployment by air in the history of the Vietnam War . Sergeant Major Dunaway arrived in Vietnam with the commanding general ' s command group on December 13 , 1967 . In February 1968 , he moved to Camp Eagle in the I Corps Tactical Zone with the division where he remained until July 1968 when he was selected as the second Sergeant Major of the Army . References . " The Sergeants Major of the Army , " Daniel K . Elder , Center of Military History , 2003
Matthew Henry Phineas Riall Sankey Matthew Henry Phineas Riall Sankey ( November 9 , 1853 - October 3 , 1926 ) was an Irish engineer and captain of the British Army , known as creator of the Sankey diagram Biography . Sankey was born in County Tipperary in 1853 as son of General W . Sankey , C . B . He received his first education in Switzerland and back in Ireland at the Mr . Rippon ’ s School at Woolwich . Here from 1871 to 1873 he attended the Royal Military Academy , and from 1874 to 1876 the School of Military Engineering in Chatham . In the last years of his studies Sankey started as research - assistant of the Royal Commission on Railway Accidents making calculations and experiments on railway - brakes and trails . After graduation he started at the British Army , first on the War Office on architectural design , then leading a drawing office of 16 draughtsman in Manchester . In Gibraltar he was superintended at the construction of barracks for a Military Telegraphs station . From 1879 to 1882 he was instructor at the Royal Military College , Kingston , Canada , and from 1882 to 1889 back in England working for the Ordnance Survey Establishment at Southampton . From 1889 to 1904 he was board member of Willans and Robinson Ltd . engineers , become the lead engineer and steam engine designer in 1892 after Mr . Willans died . Later he designed the new plant Victoria Works at Rugby . From 1904 to 1909 he was a consulting engineer at steam and internal - combustion engineering industry . And from 1909 until his death in 1926 he was board member at Marconi ’ s Wireless Telegraph Company , Ltd , and in the board of some other companies . In World War I Sankey volunteered serving as staff officer at the department of the Director of Fortifications and Works . He was decorated with the Order of the Bath ( CB ) and the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) for his service in World War I . He was also President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers . Work . Sankey diagram . In an 1898 article about the energy efficiency of a steam engine in the " Minutes of Proceedings of The Institution of Civil Engineers " Sankey introduced the first energy flow diagram : a visualisation to be christened Sankey diagram . Sankey gave the following explanation how to read the File : This presentation made an impression . Just four years later in 1902 Robert Henry Thurston among others acknowledged , that the heat distribution of the then modern steam engine was best shown by the use of the so - called " Sankey Diagram " . Patents . Sankey received at least four patents for an expansion - gear for engines ( 1894 ) , a turbine ( 1905 ) , a reversible turbine ( 1907 ) , and a steam - turbine ( 1907 ) . Publications . Books : Articles , a selection :