naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Walter Loos Walter Loos ( 11 April 1923 – 27 October 2004 ) was a former German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . During his career he was credited with 38 aerial victories in 66 missions . Career . After flying training he was sent to III . / Jagdgeschwader 3 ( JG 3 ) in January 1944 . He reached his first victory in the aerial battle over Berlin on 6 March 1944 , when shot down a United States Army Air Forces B - 17 Flying Fortress . Later he was transferred to IV . Sturmgruppe / JG 3 . In July 1944 , Loos joined to Jagdgeschwader 300 ( JG 300 ) Geschwaderstab . On 29 September was awarded the German Cross in Gold . In October 1944 , was posted to undertake instructing duties with Ergänzungs - Jagdgruppe Ost . Loos returned to combat duty with JG 301 . With this unit he flew the Focke - Wulf Ta 152 for the first time at Soltau - Hannover . Flying the Ta 152 , Loos gained four victories over Russians around Berlin in the last days of the war . On 20 April 1945 , Walter Loos was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross for 36 victories . Walter Loos flew 66 combat missions and is credited 38 confirmed victories and 8 unconfirmed . 30 aircraft were claimed on the Western Front , including 22 four - engined bombers . He himself was shot down nine times .
Pearl Harbor Commemorative Medal The Pearl Harbor Commemorative Medal , also known as the " Pearl Harbor Survivor ’ s Medal " , is a bronze commemorative medal which was established by the United States Congress on November 5 , 1990 ( P . L . 101 - 510 , 104 Stat . 1721 ) . To have been eligible for the award , " a person must have been a member of the Armed Forces of the United States who was present in Hawaii on December 7 , 1941 , and who participated in combat operations that day against Japanese military forces attacking Hawaii . A person who was killed or wounded in that attack shall be deemed to have participated in the combat operations . " The presentation of the medals was to be as " close as feasible to the fiftieth anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor . " On September 23 , 1996 Congress authorized ( P . L . 104 - 201 , 110 Stat . 2654 ) anyone who would have qualified for the medal other than the requirement for membership in the Armed Forces to receive the award . ( i . e . civilians who were not killed or injured but can show that they were present in Hawaii on December 7 , 1941 and participated in combat operations against the attack . ) In both instances , there was a 12 month certification window , therefore , the award is no longer issued . In both instances the next - of - kin of deceased persons eligible for the award were authorized to apply for the medal ( one medal per eligible person ) . The medal is 1 . 5 " in diameter and is non - portable ( not designed to be worn on clothing ) .
Wilhelm Niggemeyer Wilhelm Niggenmeyer ( 9 May 1918 – 14 February 2008 ) was a German officer who served in the Wehrmacht during World War II and in the postwar Bundeswehr . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He participated in making of " Männer gegen Panzer " , 1943 German film , about different types of infantry anti - tank warfare .
Abensberg 1809 Order of Battle Abensberg 1809 Order of Battle The Battle of Abensberg was fought on 20 April 1809 , between an Allied force under the command of Emperor Napoleon I of France on one side and three Austrian corps led by Johann von Hiller , Archduke Louis of Austria , and Michael von Kienmayer . The Austrians formed the left wing of Archduke Charles , Duke of Teschen ' s main army and were under the overall command of Hiller . Napoleon ' s French troops , reinforced by troops from the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Kingdom of Württemberg outfought their opponents , inflicted heavy losses , and forced the Austrians to retreat to the southeast . During the fighting , 55 , 000 French and Germans faced 42 , 000 Austrians . Of these , only about 25 , 000 on each side became involved in the fighting . The Austrians lost 2 , 710 killed and wounded , plus about 4 , 000 captured . Allied losses were 215 Frenchmen , 146 Württembergers , and 746 Bavarians , for a total of 1 , 107 . Austrian forces . Left Wing : Feldmarschall - Leutnant Johann von Hiller VI Armeekorps . Feldmarschall - Leutnant Johann von Hiller ( 35 , 639 ) V Armeekorps . Feldmarschall - Leutnant Archduke Louis ( 32 , 266 ) II Reserve Armeekorps . Feldmarschall - Leutnant Michael von Kienmayer ( 7 , 975 ) French - Allied forces . Grande Armée : Napoleon I of France Provisional Corps . Marshal Jean Lannes VII ( Bavarian ) Corps . Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre Württemberg ( later VIII ) Corps . General of Division Dominique Vandamme References . External references . " The following two websites are excellent sources for the full names of French and Austrian generals . "
HMS Asia ( 1811 ) HMS " Asia " was a 74 - gun third - rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 2 December 1811 at Frindsbury . War of 1812 . " Asia " was off Chesapeake Bay in July 1814 . The Royal Marine Artillery company of the 3rd Battalion , Royal Marines were ferried from Bermuda to the Chesapeake aboard " Asia " , via . During the bombardment of Fort McHenry , " Asia " was moored off Baltimore , along with , and . " Asia " was among Admiral Alexander Cochrane ' s fleet moored off New Orleans at the start of 1815 . In support of the attack on New Orleans , 107 Royal Marines from " Asia " were disembarked . In 1828 " Asia " was reduced to a 50 - gun ship , and was eventually broken up in 1865 .
East Sea Fleet The East Sea Fleet was the first naval force formed by the People ' s Republic of China , on 23 April 1949 , and was initially based at Shanghai . It has since been assigned to be part of the People ' s Liberation Army Navy and its headquarters have been moved to Ningbo , Zhejiang Province , but the fleet continues to patrol the East China Sea . Its flagship is " Chongmingdao " . The fleet was used in a support role during the People ' s Liberation Army ' s ( PLA ) invasion of the previously Kuomintang - held island of Yijiangshan on 14 January 1955 . It has engaged in numerous other battles against the Taiwanese military . It has also operated in support of the South Sea Fleet against the People ' s Army of Vietnam , particularly in the 1980s . The fleet would have a key role in any invasion of Taiwan , and one of its principal missions is to effectively support a PLA amphibious operation against that island . The fleet has been augmented by two Sovremenny class missile destroyers , with a further 2 delivered by the end of 2006 . Four Kilo class attack submarines have also joined the fleet . Ships in the fleet . Destroyer s Frigate s Diesel - electric submarines Landing ship s No Longer Valid : * SinoDefence . com
Jack Youll John Scott Youll VC ( 6 June 1897 – 27 October 1918 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . A former colliery electrician at Thornley , Durham , he was 21 years old , and a Temporary Second Lieutenant in the 1st Battalion , The Northumberland Fusiliers , British Army , attached to 11th ( Service ) Battalion during the First World War when the following deed took place at the battle of Asiago for which he was awarded the VC . On 15 June 1918 south west of Asiago , Italy , Second Lieutenant Youll was commanding a patrol which came under heavy enemy fire . Sending his men back to safety he remained to watch the situation and then , unable to rejoin his company , he reported to a neighbouring unit where he took command of a party of men from different units , holding his position against enemy attack until a machine - gun opened fire behind him . He rushed and captured the gun , killing most of the team and opened fire , inflicting heavy casualties . He then carried out three separate counterattacks , driving the enemy back each time . He was killed in action during the battle of Vittorio Veneto , Italy , on 27 October 1918 . Further information . He was also the holder of the Italian Silver Medal for Valour . He is buried at Giavera British Cemetery , Treviso province . In 2005 , his home village of Thornley unveiled a memorial in his honour . The four faces of the memorial briefly detail his life , Army career and his Victoria Cross citation .
John Barker ( RAF officer ) Air Vice Marshal John Lindsay Barker CB , CBE , DFC , RAF ( 12 November 1910 – 7 May 2004 ) was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force during World War II and the following years . He was the second Commander of the Royal Ceylon Air Force during the early 1960s .
SS Westralia ( 1897 ) SS " Westralia " , was a 1 , 819 ton Australian cargo and passenger ship . She served as a troopship in World War I and was later converted into a hulk and was sunk in the air raids on Rabaul on 20 January 1942 . Launched in 1897 from the shipyards of Sir J Laing & Sons , Sunderland for the Melbourne - based Huddart Parker line . She served along the Australian coastline and the trans - Tasman route . In 1917 , she was used as a troopship to transport the New Zealand 27th and 28th Main Regiment . She then resumed her commercial role with Huddart Parker . She was sold to W . R . Carpenter & Co . , Sydney in 1927 , had her engines removed and was towed to Rabaul for use as coal hulk arriving in 1929 . During the Rabaul air raids of 20 January 1942 , she was bombed and sunk in Simpson Harbour . References .
Gebirgsflak 38 The Gebirgsflak 38 was a light weight version of the 2 cm FlaK 38 designed for airborne and mountain troops as a dual purpose gun for use against air and ground targets . The main difference was that the carriage was smaller and lighter than the carriage for the FlaK 38 . The gun and carriage were designed to allow the weapon to be broken into several pack loads for transport . The carriage has two wheels and when raised the gun has a 360° traverse . Unlike the Flak 38 , the light carriage is not designed for high towing speeds . The Gebirgsflak 38 was fired using a foot pedal on the right front of the flak mount . The gunlayer ’ s seat was mounted behind the gun and rotated with the mount in traverse . Elevating and traversing of the gun were manual using handwheels located on the right and left sides of the mount respectively . There are two speeds , high and low , in both elevating and traversing . References . 2 cm Flak 38 Geb . : A . A . / A . T . Mountain Gun , Catalog of Enemy Ordnance , 1945 .
Elpidius ( rebel ) Elpidius or Elpidios ( ) was a Byzantine aristocrat and governor of Sicily , who was accused of conspiring against Empress Irene of Athens ( r . 780 – 802 ) . This forced him to rebel , and after being defeated he defected to the Abbasid Caliphate and was recognized there as Byzantine emperor . Biography . Nothing is known of Elpidius before February 781 , when Empress Irene ( r . 780 – 802 ) appointed him as governor ( " strategos " ) of the theme of Sicily . At the time , he already held the highest Byzantine dignity , that of " patrikios " , and the chronicler Theophanes the Confessor simply mentions that he had held the governorship of Sicily in the past , either under Leo IV the Khazar ( r . 775 – 780 ) or possibly Constantine V ( r . 741 – 775 ) . Soon after , however , on 15 April , Irene was informed that he had supported a plot , discovered in October of the previous year to depose her and elevate the " Caesar " Nikephoros , the eldest surviving son of Constantine V , to power . Irene immediately dispatched the " spatharios " Theophilos to Sicily to bring Elpidius back to Constantinople . Although his wife and children were left behind in Constantinople , Elpidius refused the summons and was supported by the people and the local army . It does not seem that Elpidius declared himself explicitly in revolt against Irene , but the Empress nevertheless had his wife and children publicly whipped and imprisoned in the capital ' s " praetorium " . In autumn of 781 or early 782 , Irene dispatched against him a large fleet under a trusted court eunuch , the " patrikios " Theodore . Elpidius ' s own military forces were meager , and after several battles he was defeated . Along with his lieutenant , the " dux " Nikephoros ( probably the commander of Calabria ) , he gathered what remained of the theme ' s treasury and fled to North Africa , where the Arab authorities welcomed him . There , he had himself proclaimed emperor , a claim that was formally — but apparently not very seriously — acknowledged by the Abbasid government . His life thereafter is obscure , except for his participation in a large - scale campaign ( reportedly 40 , 000 men ) against Byzantium in 792 or 794 . The Abbasids probably hoped that they could set him up as a rival emperor in at least part of Asia Minor , but the invading army was met with the onset of an early and heavy winter , losing many men to cold , and was forced to retreat . According to Syriac sources , he was still alive in 802 , when Irene was deposed by Nikephoros I ( r . 802 – 811 ) . When learning of this event , he is said to have advised Abd al - Malik ibn Salih , Emir of Mesopotamia , to " throw away his silk and put on his armour " , as Nikephoros would pursue a more aggressive policy against the Abbasids than Irene .
USS Winnipec USS " Winnipec " was a " Mohongo " - class gunboat built for the Union Navy during the final days of the American Civil War . There is no indication she was used in the war , but records indicate she was assigned to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis , Maryland , for use as a schoolship . She was eventually sold in 1868 . Built in Massachusetts . " Winnipec " — a double - ended , iron - hulled , sidewheel gunboat — was built in 1864 at Boston , Massachusetts , by Harrison Loring . The ship was launched on 20 August 1864 , but there is no record of her having been commissioned during the American Civil War or any portion of the year 1865 . Training ship for the Academy . Deck logs exist for " Winnipec " during the period 1 January to 6 October 1866 , at which time she was assigned to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis , Maryland , as a practice ship . " Winnipec " remained so assigned until late in 1867 when she moved to Norfolk , Virginia , for repairs . Decommissioning . In 1868 , " Winnipec " was placed in ordinary at Norfolk and remained in that status until she was sold to Mr . Thomas Clyde on 17 June 1869 .
German submarine U - 8 ( 1935 ) The German submarine " U - 8 " was a Type IIB U - boat of the German " Kriegsmarine " , based at Kiel during World War II . It was one of the smaller versions , and was first launched on July 16 , 1935 . Its first commander was Harald Grosse . " U - 8 " would have 18 commanders over the course of its service , the last being Jürgen Kriegshammer . The submarine was too small to undertake sustained operations far away from home support facilities , its primary role was found to be in the training schools , preparing new German naval officers for command . Fate . " U - 8 " was scuttled in the Raeder Lock at Wilhelmshaven on May 2 , 1945 .
SM U - 120 SM " U - 120 " was a Type UE II long - range minelayer submarine of the Imperial German Navy . She was built at Hamburg , Germany , by Aktiengesellschaft Vulcan and launched on 20 June 1918 . She was commissioned in the Imperial German Navy on 31 August 1918 with Kapitänleutnant Hans von Mellenthin in command . She had a short - lived career , not being assigned to any flotillas , nor achieving any successful attacks on enemy shipping , before the end of the First World War . She was surrendered to Italy on 22 November 1918 , and was broken up in April 1919 at La Spezia .
HMS Uva HMS " Uva " was a Royal Navy rest camp at Diyatalawa , in British Ceylon . The camp was reportedly built as a prisoner of war camp for use in the Boer War in 1900 , and was used as a Royal Naval Auxiliary Hospital in the Second World War . The rest camp was commissioned as an independent command under the name " Uva " on 1 December 1945 . The camp ' s accounts were transferred to HMS Lanka in 1957 , and the camp was transferred to the Air Ministry on 30 September 1958 . Nominal Depot Ships . " Uva " had several nominal depot ships during her career :
Groupement de Commandos Mixtes Aéroportés The Groupement de Commandos Mixtes Aéroportés ( ) commonly referred as just GCMA , was the " Action Service " of the SDECE French counter - intelligence service active during the Cold War . The GCMA ' s origins lay in the British - U . S - French joint Operation Jedburgh in France in 1944 . History . Commando Nord Viet - Nam ( 1951 - 1954 ) . The North Vietnam Commandos ( " Commando Nord Viet - Nam " ) were units similar to the GCMA . They were created in 1951 and remained in service until 1954 . Each commando was made of local volunteers called " partisan s " ( from the anticommunist and pro - French Tho , Nung and Mèo minorities ) as well as " returned " Viet Minh POW and was commanded by a young French Non - commissioned officer ( units were named after them ) with an assistant ( " adjoint " ) , most of them were detached from GCMA units . Since former " Viet Minh " regulars were part of the troops , occasional betrayal happened . A famous case is Commando Nord Viet - Nam N°24 " Vandenberghe " ( aka " des Tigres Noirs " , lit . " the Black Tigers " ) whose leader , Adjudant - Chef ( 24 , former " 6e Régiment d ' Infanterie Coloniale " aka " 6e RIC " ) , was murdered in his sleep by Sous - Lieutenant Nguien Tinh Khoi - the former Commander of the " Viet - Minh " 308th Brigade 36th Regiment ' s Assault Unit , who had been captured by the French during the 1951 Battle of the Day River . Groupement de Commandos Mixtes Aéroportés . The GCMA was active in Vietnam ( Tonkin ) and Laos during the First Indochina War . Groupement Mixte d ' Intervention . The GCMA name changed in the mid - 1950s to be replaced with " Groupement Mixte d ' Intervention " or GMI ( " Mixed Intervention Group " ) as it was no more an airborne unit . Groupement Léger d ' Intervention . During the Algerian War that broke out shortly after the end of the Indochina War , the SDECE created in 1955 a new unit inspired by the Vietnamese experience . The GMI became the " Groupement Léger d ' Intervention " or GLI ( " Light Intervention Group " ) involving loyalist Muslims fighting with the French against the FLN rebels . Operations . Special operations include :
Papuan Volunteer Corps The Papuan Volunteer Corps ( PVK , Dutch : Papoea Vrijwilligers Korps ) was a corps consisting entirely of Papuans , formed on February 21 , 1961 . It was established to contribute to the defense of Dutch New Guinea against the infiltration of the Indonesian Army . The establishment of the Corps by the Dutch Cabinet was approved in December 1959 , and the corps was to serve as a " semi - military police " . The PVK was composed of different peoples of Papua , and was under command of colonel of marines W . A . van Heuven . As an emblem the PVK chose the Cassowary " ( kasuaris in Dutch ) " : the Corp ' s motto was " Persevero " ( " I persist " ) . The PVK was armed and was equipped with a khaki uniform and a hat with the left edge upward , which was adorned with the PVK emblem and a plume . In 1961 – 1962 , the Indonesian threat greatly expanded . After the administration of the territory was passed to the United Nations ( UNTEA ) and the subsequent Indonesian government ( 1962 – 1963 ) , the PVK was dissolved , and the members were dismissed . Some members later joined the Indonesian Army . Others , including Sergeant Awom Ferry , founded a guerrilla army , the Free Papua Movement ( OPM ) , and began a struggle for independence from Indonesia .
Rip ( dog ) Rip ( died 1946 ) , a mixed - breed terrier , was a Second World War search and rescue dog who was awarded the Dickin Medal for bravery in 1945 . He was found in Poplar , London , in 1940 by an Air Raid warden , and became the service ' s first search and rescue dog . He is credited with saving the lives of over 100 people . He was the first of twelve Dickin Medal winners to be buried in the PDSA ' s cemetery in Ilford , Essex . Rescue career . Rip was found as a stray following a heavy bombing raid of Poplar , London in 1940 by Air Raid Warden Mr E . King . He was thrown scraps by Mr King , who expected the dog to leave , but the two struck up a friendship . Mr King worked at post B132 in Poplar , London where Rip was adopted as mascot of the Southill Street Air Raid Patrol . He began acting as an unofficial rescue dog , being used to sniff out casualties trapped beneath buildings , and became the service ' s first search and rescue dog . Rip was not trained for search and rescue work , but took to it instinctively . In twelve months between 1940 and 1941 , he found over a hundred victims of the air raids in London . His success has been held partially responsible for prompting the authorities to train search and rescue dogs towards the end of World War II . Awards . Rip was awarded the Dickin Medal in 1945 , which is considered to be the animals ' Victoria Cross , two years after it was introduced . The citation reads : " For locating many air - raid victims during the blitz of 1940 " . He would go on to wear the medal on his collar until the day he died . His medal was sold at auction in Bloomsbury , London on 23 April 2009 . Medal specialists Spink of London predicted that the medal would sell for £10 , 000 , but at the auction it fetched £24 , 250 , a record price for a Dickin Medal . When he died in 1946 , Rip became the first of a number of Dickin Medal winners to be buried in the PDSA Cemetery in Ilford , Essex . His headstone reads " Rip , D . M . , " We also serve " - for the dog whose body lies here played his part in the Battle of Britain . " Twelve recipients of the medal are now buried in the PDSA Cemetery .
USS Mugford ( DD - 105 ) The first USS " Mugford " ( DD - 105 ) was a " Wickes " - class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War I . She was named for James Mugford . History . " Mugford " was laid down 20 December 1917 by Union Iron Works Company , San Francisco , California ; launched 14 April 1918 ; sponsored by Mrs . George H . Fort ; and commissioned 25 November 1918 , Lt Comdr . John H . Everson in command . " Mugford " joined the fleet for winter exercises off Guantanamo Bay , Cuba , in January 1919 , then sailed north for operations along the coast between New York and Massachusetts until 21 November , when she left Newport for San Diego , arriving 22 December . Here she became tender to a seaplane division , and during the pioneering days of naval aviation cruised with her charges on exercises along the California coast , visiting the Panama Canal Zone in December 1920 and January 1921 . She was decommissioned at San Diego 7 June 1922 , and was sold for scrap to Schiavone - Bonomo Corporation , New York City in 1936 .
Ragged Staff Guard Ragged Staff Guard is a fortification situated to the south of the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar . Description . The guard is located along the Line Wall Curtain , and immediately beyond Southport Ditch immediately south of South Bastion , next to Ragged Staff Gates and the Navy boat sheds . It was detached some hundreds of yards from all buildings , and supplied no posts within the city ' s gates . The guard house could be seen by approaching ships . In the 1840s it was said to be a full time job for the subaltern who was stationed here above a long flight of steps as he had to inspect every good that went through Ragged Staff Gates . The guard house gained notoriety in the early 19th century as a yellow fever station .