naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Operation Reservist Operation Reservist was an Allied military operation during World War II . Part of Operation Torch ( the Allied invasion of North Africa ) , it was an attempted landing of troops directly into the harbour at Oran in Morocco . The purpose of " Operation Reservist " was to capture the valuable facilities and ships at the Vichy French port of Oran before they could be destroyed . The landing of troops directly from ships was extremely risky ; however it was hoped that either the French defenders would be taken entirely by surprise , or that they would actually co - operate with the landing forces . Two " Banff " class sloops , HMS " Walney " and HMS " Hartland " were used in landing the troops . The landing ships in fact came under sustained fire from the defenders once they were inside the harbour boom including four shore batteries ( from east to west - Mole Ravin Blanc , Mole Miller and , Mole J . Giraud and Mole Centre ) . There were 31 French ships in the port which did considerable damage to the ships in the British / American fleet . Casualties during Operation Reservist exceeded 90 % . Of the 393 American infantrymen of the 3rd Battalion , 6th Armored Infantry Regiment , 189 were killed in action and 157 wounded . The Royal Navy suffered 113 dead and 86 wounded and a small US Navy team assigned as anti - sabotage five dead and seven wounded . " Walney " made it alongside the jetty and succeeded in landing a small number of men . The survivors were captured . The defenders surrendered two days after the invasion , but the harbour facilities had been destroyed . Landings were carried out at the same time to invest Oran at three different beaches . A similar operation took place at Algiers , codenamed Operation Terminal and included another coup de main in its harbor and an airborne operation to seize nearby airfields . See also . Frederick Thornton Peters < br > HMS " Walney "
1st Airborne Command and Control Squadron The 1st Airborne Command and Control Squadron ( 1 ACCS ) is part of the 55th Wing at Offutt Air Force Base , Nebraska . It operates the E - 4 aircraft conducting airborne command and control missions . The squadron is one of the oldest in the United States Air Force , its origins dating to 25 September 1917 , being organized at Fort Omaha , Nebraska . It served overseas in France as part of the American Expeditionary Force s during World War I . The squadron saw combat during World War II , and became part of the Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) during the Cold War . History . The squadron was first established as an observation unit on front lines with French Eighth Army and American I Corps from , 19 April – 17 October 1918 and served with III Corps as part of occupation forces from , November 1918 – April 1919 . It ferried aircraft from factories in the Western Procurement District to overseas departure points from , April 1942 – March 1944 . Since 1969 it has provided aircraft for National Emergency Airborne Command Post in support of Presidential requirements .
Francis A . Waller Francis Ashbury Wallar or Waller was a corporal in the 6th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Union Army who received the Medal of Honor . On July 1 , 1863 while participating in the Battle of Gettysburg , he engaged a Confederate soldier in single combat , capturing him and seizing his battle flag . Following the war he became Sheriff of Vernon County , Wisconsin . He is buried in Walnut Mound Cemetery Retreat , Wisconsin . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , Company I , 6th Wisconsin Infantry . Place and date : At Gettysburg , Pa . , July 1 , 1863 . Entered service at : DeSoto , Vernon County , Wis . Birth : Guernsey County , Ohio . Date of issue : December 1 , 1864 . Citation : Capture of flag of 2d Mississippi Infantry ( C . S . A . ) .
Battle of Altamaha Bridge The Battle of Altamaha Bridge , also known as the Battle for the Doctortown Railroad Trestle , was an American Civil War engagement fought December 19 , 1864 , in Wayne County , Georgia , during Sherman ' s March to the Sea . The Confederate victory temporarily prevented Federal forces from destroying a vital railroad bridge during Maj . Gen . William T . Sherman ' s siege of Savannah , keeping open Confederate supply lines to the city . On December 1 , 1864 , the Georgia Militia Fourth Brigade under Brig . Gen . H . K . McKay arrived in Wayne County to prepare a defense of the Savannah and Gulf Railroad bridge over the Altamaha River . The Confederates built earthworks on the north bank of Morgan ' s Lake , which was bisected by the railroad and located just north of the river . On the southern side of the river , two 32 - pounder rifled guns were mounted at Doctortown ( also spelled Doctor Town ) , to sweep the bridge if attacked . A light gun mounted on an engine supported two companies of Confederate militia at Morgan ' s Lake . On December 16 , General Sherman , stalled outside Savannah , sent Union troops to destroy the railroad from the Ogeechee River all the way to the bridge . A brigade of Maj . Gen . Judson Kilpatrick ' s cavalry under Col . Smith D . Atkins attacked the bridge and destroyed trestlework past Morgan ' s Lake , but was unable to capture the bridge or seize the Confederate battery at Doctortown on December 19 . The Federals withdrew to the Ogeechee River .
CATOBAR CATOBAR ( Catapult Assisted Take - Off But Arrested Recovery ) is a system used for the launch and recovery of aircraft from the deck of an aircraft carrier . Under this technique , aircraft launch using a catapult - assisted take - off and land on the ship ( the recovery phase ) using arrestor wires . Although this system is more costly than alternative methods , it provides greater flexibility in carrier operations , since it allows the vessel to support conventional aircraft . Alternative methods of launch and recovery can only use aircraft with STOVL or STOBAR capability . Types . The catapult system in use in modern CATOBAR carriers is the steam catapult . Its primary advantage is the amount of power and control it can provide . During World War II the US Navy used a hydraulic catapult . A future catapult design , the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System , is undergoing testing with the aim of creating a simpler , more compact launch system and will make its debut with the USS Gerald R . Ford ( CVN - 78 ) in late 2013 . Users . Only three countries currently operate carriers that use the CATOBAR system ; the U . S . " Nimitz " class , France ' s " Charles De Gaulle " , and Brazil ' s " NAe São Paulo " . INS " Vishal " , India ' s second indigenous aircraft carrier of the " Vikrant " class is planned to be of 65 , 000 tons and to utilize steam catapults .
Brassey ' s Naval Annual The Naval Annual was a book that sought to bring together a large amount of information on naval subjects , which had hitherto been obtainable only by consulting numerous publications and chiefly from foreign sources . It was started by Thomas Brassey , 1st Earl Brassey , and was first published in 1886 . During its life it underwent a number of name changes .
Education and Youth Corps The Israeli Education and Youth Corps ( , " Heil HaHinuh VeHaNo ' ar " ) is the IDF Manpower Directorate corps responsible for the education of soldiers and commanders in Israel ' s military . It is designed to instruct and develop national values among the troops . Goal and designation . According to former Chief Education Officer Avner Shalev , the aims of the education system in the IDF are to increase the motivation and morale of the troops and units . This is achieved by introducing cultural activities into the lives of soldiers , teaching them about the country and its values — both national and universal — as well as by teaching them about the nature of their duties as soldiers and citizens of the state . Structure . The Education and Youth Corps is divided into two main brigades - the " Magen " division and the education division - as well as 6 independent units directly subordinate to the Chief Education Officer : Magen division . The " Magen " ( an abbreviation for " Morot - Hayalot " ( teacher soldiers ) , " Gadna " and " Nahal " ) , comprises four IDF education programs : Mihve Alon , a training base for new immigrants not proficient in the Hebrew language , is also subordinate to the " Magen " division . Education division . The education division serves as the professional guide for the other units of the corps , and of the IDF in general . It is divided into 6 branches : Education and youth training base . The Education and youth training base , or by its name " Sha ' arei Avraham " ( Abraham ' s gates ) was built near the Re ' em Junction in the Lachish Valley near Kiryat Mal ' akhi . Many of the soldiers in various roles in the Education Corps get their training in the Youth Education Training Base . Among these roles : Insignia . The emblem of the Education and Youth Corps is composed of four stripes integrating into one flame . Three of them ( different shades of blue ) represent the three different centers of the corps and the fourth ( colored white ) represents the headquarters of the corps .
Richard Griffith ( general ) Richard Griffith ( January 11 , 1814 – June 29 , 1862 ) was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . He was mortally wounded at the Battle of Savage ' s Station during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign . He was one of a number of Confederate generals who were born in the North in Pennsylvania . Early life and career . Griffith was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . After graduating from Ohio University in Athens , Ohio , he moved to Vicksburg , Mississippi . During the Mexican War , he served as an infantryman with the 1st Mississippi Rifles , where he met and became friends with Colonel Jefferson Davis . After the war , he returned to civilian life and made his living as a banker and a U . S . Marshal . He was active in state and local politics , and was elected as the State Treasurer of Mississippi in 1847 . He was a member of the antebellum state militia , holding the rank of brigadier general . Civil War service . When the Civil War began , Griffith was appointed as the colonel of the 12th Mississippi Infantry in May 1861 . He was promoted to brigadier general on November 2 and put in command of a brigade of four Mississippi regiment s that became part of Maj . Gen . John B . Magruder ' s division in April 1862 . He soon saw action in the Seven Days Battles near Richmond , Virginia . It was during this fighting that General Griffith was mortally wounded . On June 29 , 1862 , Griffith and his men were pursuing Union soldiers retreating from positions on the Nine Mile Road when they encountered elements of Maj . Gen . Edwin V . Sumner ' s II Corps near Savage ' s Station , who were guarding the Union forces ' retreat . In heavy artillery fire , Griffith was wounded in his thigh by a shell fragment . When he was informed that he was fatally wounded , it is reported that General Griffith said , " If only I could have led my brigade through this battle , I would have died satisfied . " Griffith was taken to Richmond , but succumbed to his wounds the same day . He is buried in Greenwood Cemetery in Jackson , Mississippi . Legacy . The loss of General Griffith was much lamented by many , including his long - time friend Jefferson Davis . Of the fighting at Savage ' s Station he wrote , " Our loss was small in numbers , but great in value . Among others who could ill be spared , here fell the gallant soldier , the useful citizen , the true friend and Christian gentleman , Brigadier General Richard Griffith . He had served with distinction in foreign war , and , when the South was invaded , was among the first to take up arms in defense of our rights . " Later in the war , a group of soldier - musicians called " The McLaws Minstrels , " serving under Lafayette McLaws and formerly under General Griffith , would play at a theater in Fredericksburg . They charged a modest admission fee , the proceeds from which were used to erect a monument in the Mississippi State Capitol in honor of their fallen commander .
Joseph Goreham Joseph Gorham ( sometimes recorded as Goreham , 1725 – 1790 ) was an American colonial military officer during King George ' s War and later a British army commander during the Seven Years War and the American Revolutionary War . He is best known for leading a company of British imperial Rangers , called Gorham ' s Rangers , during the 1750s and early 1760s . Gorham ' s unit played an important role in the French and Indian War and were early practitioners of American frontier warfare , more commonly known as " petite guerre " or Guerrilla warfare . Family . The Gorham family ( from Cape Cod ) had a distinguished history in the New England colonial military . Serving alongside the early colonial military innovator Benjamin Church , John Gorham I died while fighting in the famous Great Swamp Fight during King Philip ' s War . Joseph ' s grandfather , John Gorham II , also served with Church during the fourth Eastward Expedition into Acadia , which involved the Raid on Chignecto ( 1696 ) during King William ' s War and again during Queen Anne ' s War . His father Shubael Gorham was also a provincial military officer in Queen Anne ' s War and again in King George ' s War . Joseph and his brother John Gorham III fought as rangers in Acadia / Nova Scotia throughout the 1740s as well as at the Siege of Louisbourg ( 1745 ) as officers in the Massachusetts provincial forces . Career . Joseph served as a lieutenant in his brother ' s ranger company from 1744 through 1752 . Initially the rank and file members of the company were Wampanoag and Nauset Indians from southeastern Massachusetts , prized as much for their small - boat handling skills ( learned in the whaling industry ) as for their scouting and tracking skills , and also a handful of Pequawket Indians from Maine . Gorham was in the Battle at Canso during Father Le Loutre ' s War ( 1748 - 1752 ) . Shortly after his brother ' s death in December of 1751 , Joseph was promoted to captain and took command of the rangers , who were by then mostly Anglo - Americans . During the French and Indian War he participated in the Expulsion of the Acadians and in both the Battle of Petitcodiac , where he was wounded , and the St . John River Campaign . A contemporary of the famous ranger Robert Rogers , Joseph led Gorham ' s Rangers in the Siege of Louisbourg ( 1758 ) , the Siege of Quebec in 1759 , and after his promotion to Major Commandant of the Nova Scotia Ranger Corps in 1761 , the expedition to Havana in 1762 , where disease all but wiped out the rangers . Joseph settled in Nova Scotia where he was active in Indian affairs and was also briefly the Lieutenant - Governor of Newfoundland . He also fought in the American Revolution , leading the Royal Fencible American Regiment and was also noted as the commander of British forces victorious at Fort Cumberland in 1776 .
East Timorese patrol boat Atauro The East Timorese patrol boat " Atauro ( P 102 ) is one of the two Albatroz class patrol boat s operated by the Timor Leste Defence Force . She was built in the mid - 1970s for the Portuguese Navy and was commissioned on 9 December 1974 as NRP " Açor ( P 1163 ) . She was donated to East Timor in January 2002 and was renamed . Atauro is based at Port Hera , Dili District .
Vietnam Medal The Vietnam Medal was a joint Australian and New Zealand campaign medal awarded for service in the Vietnam War . The medal was jointly developed by Australia and New Zealand , although there were separate Royal authorisation warrants for each country . Qualification requirements . Australia . Qualifying service for the Vietnam Medal includes : between 29 May 1964 and 27 January 1973 . New Zealand . The medal was awarded to all members of the New Zealand armed forces who , between 29 May 1964 and 27 January 1973 , either : Service terminated by death or wounds , or the award of a decoration for gallantry , led to the immediate award of the medal , regardless of whether the qualification period had been fulfilled .
Château Lacave Château Lacave is a medieval - style Castle in the city of Caxias do Sul , Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil . The Castle functions as a winery and produces a complete line of Brazilian wines . History . Construction of Château Lacave commenced in 1968 and was completed in 1978 . The Castle is the work of a Spaniard that wanted to construct a 6th Century Castle in the city limits of Caxias do Sul . The Castle is constructed of basalt stone , native to the region . The stones were cut and fitted together without the use of any type of cement in the construction . The original owner died in 1987 , and the Castle has changed owners through the years . The Castle is currently owned by the Basso Family .
HMS Mersey ( P283 ) The fifth and current HMS " Mersey " is a River - class offshore patrol vessel of the British Royal Navy . Named after the River Mersey , the ship is the first to bear the name in 84 years . She was built by Vosper Thornycroft in Southampton to serve as fishery protection units within the United Kingdom ' s waters along with her two sister ships " Tyne " and " Severn " . All three were commissioned into service in 2003 to replace the five older s . She was commissioned into the Royal Navy on 28 November 2003 . At that time , " Mersey " was not expected to commence duties until February 2004 . " Mersey " was the last Royal Navy ship to be launched from Vosper Thornycroft at its Woolston shipyard ; Jennie Reeve , wife of Rear - Admiral Jonathon Reeve , Chief of Fleet Support , was the ship ' s sponsor . The first ship launched at the yard was the Tribal - class destroyer on 25 June 1907 .
Nitta Yoshimune In 1352 , Yoshimune led a force from Echigo Province to contribute to the loyalist efforts to drive the Shogun , Ashikaga Takauji , from the city of Kyoto ; then capital of the Northern Court . He defeated Takauji in a number of short engagements , but was eventually driven back to a place called Kotesashi - hara , and then to Echigo .
Evjemoen Evjemoen was a Norwegian military camp in use from 1912 to 2002 . The camp lies south of Evje in Evje og Hornnes municipality in the county of Aust - Agder . From 1953 to 1995 Evjemoen was used as a training area for Infanteriets øvingsavdeling II ( IØ2 ) . It was retired in December 2002 . History . Evjemoen was established in 1912 for the Rogaland Infanteriregiment ( IR8 ) during the First World War . During the Second World War , the Germans occupied and enlarged the camp . Environment . Evjemoen lies in Setesdal about 60 km north of Kristiansand , on the flat plain at the east side of Otra river .
USS Cincinnati ( SSN - 693 ) USS " Cincinnati " ( SSN - 693 ) , a " Los Angeles " - class submarine , was the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for Cincinnati , Ohio . The contract to build her was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News , Virginia on 4 February 1971 and her keel was laid down on 6 April 1974 . She was launched on 19 February 1977 sponsored by Mrs . William Keating , and commissioned on 10 June 1978 , with Commander Gilbert V . Wilkes , III in command . In August 1979 , " Cincinnati " rescued a Finnish sailor 70 miles ( 100 km ) off the east coast of Florida who had been in the water for 22 hours after falling overboard from the Finnish freighter " Finnbeaver " . In November 1980 , after a patrol in the Mediterranean Sea , " Cincinnati " was visited by former President of the United States Richard M . Nixon and Admiral Hyman Rickover for an overnight " familiarization and orientation cruise . " " Cincinnati " was decommissioned and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 29 July 1996 . Ex - " Cincinnati " is scheduled to enter the Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program in Bremerton , Washington . After an attempt made to preserve her as a museum and memorial in her namesake city failed , the city now plans on acquiring the sail and possibly other artifacts for display on the riverfront . References . This article includes information collected from the Naval Vessel Register as well as various press releases and news stories .
Special Action Committee on Okinawa The Special Action Committee on Okinawa ( SACO ) is a formal agreement made between the United States Government and the Government of Japan . The U . S . and the Japanese government established the SACO agreement on November 1995 . About 75 % of U . S . military installations in Japan exist on the island of Okinawa . The Agreement was brought on by a political uprising that escalated when an Okinawan schoolgirl was abducted and raped by three U . S . servicemen in September 1995 . The agreement ' s purpose was to reduce the impact of the U . S . military presence on the people of Okinawa . The SACO developed recommendations to realign , consolidate , and reduce U . S . facilities and adjust operational procedures . In December 1996 , the United States agreed to return 21 % ( about ) of the land in Okinawa from 11 U . S . military installations . The final report of the SACO outlines the requirements of returning land , adjusting training and operational procedures , implementing noise abatement procedures , and changing the Status of Forces Agreement ( SOFA ) procedures .
Robin Matthews Robin Matthews is the United Kingdom leader of the European party Libertas , which fought all 72 British seats in the June European Parliament election , 2009 . He stood as a candidate for South West England . Matthews , a former lieutenant colonel in the Light Dragoons regiment of the British Army , has served in Cyprus , Bosnia , Sierra Leone , Iraq and Afghanistan . He retired from the army in 2008 after 20 years of service . Latterly , he became a strategic communications advisor in Afghanistan where he also acted as spokesman for the British Forces . Married with three children , he lives in Bath , Somerset in the south west of England .