naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Preservation efforts of the Fredericksburg battlefield Preservation efforts . In March 2006 , the Civil War Preservation Trust ( CWPT ) announced the beginning of a $ 12 million national campaign to preserve the historic Slaughter Pen Farm , a key part of the Fredericksburg battlefield . The farm , known locally as the Pierson Tract , was the scene of bloody struggle on December 13 , 1862 . Over this ground Federal troops under Maj . Gen . George Meade and Brig . Gen . John Gibbon launched their assault against Lt . Gen . Thomas " Stonewall " Jackson ' s Confederates holding the southern portion of the Army of Northern Virginia ' s line at Fredericksburg . Despite suffering enormous casualties the Federal troops under Meade were able to temporarily penetrate the Confederate line and for a time represented the North ' s best chance of winning the Battle of Fredericksburg . The fighting on this southern portion of the battlefield , later named the Slaughter Pen , produced 5 , 000 casualties and five Medal of Honor winners . The Slaughter Pen Farm was considered to be the largest remaining unprotected part of the Fredericksburg battlefield . It is also the only place on the battlefield where a visitor can still follow the Union assault of December 13 from beginning to end . Nearly all the other land associated with Union attacks at Fredericksburg — either on the southern end of the battlefield or in front of Marye ' s Heights — has been degraded by development . The $ 12 million acquisition of the Slaughter Pen Farm at the Fredericksburg battlefield has been called the most ambitious nonprofit battlefield acquisition in American history . In October 2006 the Department of the Interior awarded a $ 2 million grant based on the significance of the Slaughter Pen Farm . The money was provided through a U . S . Congressional appropriation from the Land and Water Conservation Fund . The fund supports non - federal efforts to acquire and preserve meaningful American Civil War battlefield lands . The program is administered by the American Battlefield Protection Program , an arm of the National Park Service . In addition , the Central Virginia Battlefields Trust ( CVBT ) committed $ 1 million toward the Slaughter Pen Farm fundraising campaign .
69th ( South Lincolnshire ) Regiment of Foot The 69th ( South Lincolnshire ) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army , formed in 1758 and amalgamated into The Welsh Regiment in 1881 . The regiment was raised by the redesignation of the 2nd Battalion , 24th Regiment of Foot in April 1758 , ranked as the 69th Regiment of Foot . Most of the soldiers were recruited from Nottinghamshire , Derbyshire , and Lancashire . In 1782 they took a county title as the 69th ( South Lincolnshire ) Regiment of Foot . The regiment fought with distinction in the Capture of St . Lucia ( 1778 ) , the Vellore Mutiny ( 1806 ) , and the Invasion of Java ( 1811 ) , and served throughout the Waterloo Campaign of 1815 . As marines on HMS " Agamemnon " under Lord Nelson , part of the regiment also participated in the Battle of Genoa ( 1795 ) , evacuation of Leghorn , action in Laona Bay , and capture of Porto Ferrajo , then , after Nelson ' s transfer into the " Captain " , with him at the Battle of Cape St Vincent ( 1797 ) . Matthew Stevens , a soldier from the regiment , was the first to board the Spanish ship " San Nicolas " . The regiment ' s nickname " The Ups and Downs " may come from its number , which reads the same upside down .
USS Heyliger ( DE - 510 ) USS Heyliger ( DE - 510 ) was a " John C . Butler " - class destroyer escort acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II . The primary purpose of the destroyer escort was to escort and protect ships in convoy , in addition to other tasks as assigned , such as patrol or radar picket . " Heyliger " ( DE - 510 ) was named in honor of George Heyliger who was awarded the Navy Cross for his brave actions during an overwhelming attack by the enemy on Guadalcanal . She was launched 6 August 1944 by the Federal Shipbuilding & Drydock Co . , Kearny , New Jersey ; sponsored by Mrs . Augusta Foss , mother of Private First Class " Heyliger " ; and commissioned at New York 24 March 1945 , Lt . Comdr . Arthur F . Chase , USNR , in command . World War II Pacific Theatre operations . After shakedown in the Caribbean , " Heyliger " sailed from Norfolk , Virginia , for the Pacific Ocean 25 May , reaching Pearl Harbor via the Panama Canal and San Diego , California , 19 June . The new destroyer - escort spent 6 weeks at Pearl for various training exercises and then departed for Guam 14 August , the day before Japan agreed to unconditional surrender . End - of - war operations . " Heyliger " reached Guam 30 August and then continued on to Rota Island in the Marianas , where . Colonel H . H . Stent , USMC , accepted the surrender of the Japanese garrison 2 September . From 19 September to 21 October " Heyliger " searched through the Carolines to find Allied survivors and Japanese soldiers , as well as examining conditions in the islands . After a stint of patrol and air - sea rescue operations , " Heyliger " returned to the States 22 January 1946 and decommissioned at Green Cove Springs , Florida , 20 June . Reactivation during Korean War . " Heyliger " recommissioned at Green Cove Springs 28 March 1951 and reported to her new home port , Brooklyn , New York . From there she participated in tactical exercises and fleet maneuvers along the American coast and in Caribbean waters . Antisubmarine work , her main mission , took " Heyliger " to European waters 13 June - 10 July 1953 and again 17 June - 15 July 1955 . Final decommissioning . She decommissioned and was placed in reserve at Bayonne , New Jersey , 2 January 1958 and later transferred to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . " Heyliger " was struck from the Navy List 1 May 1966 and sunk as a target in 1969 by the Atlantic Fleet .
Eric Dunn Air Marshal Sir Eric Clive Dunn , KBE , CB , BEM , CEng , FRAeS ( 27 November 1927 – 16 July 2008 ) was a senior Royal Air Force officer . Born in Winchester on 27 November 1927 to the son of Royal Air Force Wing Commander he was educated at Bridlington School , East Riding of Yorkshire , and joined the RAF as an aircraft apprentice in February 1944 . Following three years at No 1 Radio School at RAF Cranwell , Dunn graduated in second place as a radio fitter ( air ) . At this point , he missed his first opportunity for an RAF commission , being very unlucky not to be selected for a cadetship . Dunn won his colours every year in rugby and cricket , excelling to win the Victor Ludorum shield for outstanding sportsmanship . Dunn was soon posted to Hong Kong to work on the flying boats , where Dunn volunteered for many missions during the Korean War . Dunn was an essential member for the crew in many of the missions as they lasted so long - some up to eighteen hours , and Dunn was responsible for the maintenance of the on - board navigation , electrical and radio equipment . Due to his efforts Dunn was award the British Empire Medal ( BEM ) , although he was still only a corporal . After returning to England in 1951 , Dunn was selected for a commission within the engineering branch of the RAF . Dunn retired in July 1986 and for four years was a director at Deutsch ( then , Hellerman Deutsch ) . Dunn died on 16 July 2008 aged 80 , leaving his wife and three daughters .
Blue light federalists Blue - light Federalist was a derogatory term used by those who believed certain Federalists to have made friendly ( “ blue - light ” ) signals to British ships in the War of 1812 to warn the British of American blockade runners , the specific event supposedly happening in 1813 , in New London , Connecticut , when Commodore Stephen Decatur saw blue lights burning near the mouth of the New London river in sight of the British blockaders . He was convinced that these were signals to betray his plans . The Federalist Party had many members who pushed for peace with Britain and the portion of the Party which opposed further prosecution of the war was styled as the " blue light " faction by their enemies .
RAAF Tanambogo RAAF Tanambogo was a Royal Australian Air Force seaplane advanced operating base on the islands of Tanambogo , Gaomi and Gavutu constructed in 1939 . Tanambogo and Gavutu were connected by causeway . No . 11 and No . 20 Squadron ' s flying PBY 4 Catalina ' s were operating from the base up until shortly before the base was occupied by Japanese 3rd Kure Special Naval Landing Force in May 1942 and was utilised by the Yokohama and Yokusuka Air Group s . The base was liberated by the 1st Parachute Battalion and 3rd Battalion , 2nd Marines during 7 – 9 August 1942 and was used by the United States Navy .
Museum of Lancashire The Museum of Lancashire is housed in a grade II listed former quarter sessions house ( courthouse ) in Preston in Lancashire , England . Designed by Thomas Rickman in the Neo - Classical style , building of the courthouse began in 1825 . It is now one of the oldest remaining buildings in Preston . The Museum draws on the collections of Lancashire County Museum Service to provide an overview of Lancashire history and heritage told through objects and stories of Lancashire residents . Having undergone a refurbishment during 2010 / 11 the Museum contains a range of family friendly and interactive galleries to tell the Lancashire story including : Lancashire Through Time is based around the County ' s archeological collections including 4 , 000 year old Stone Age axes , Roman artefacts and early industrial items . Lancashire at Play contains highlights including part of the Hylda Baker costume collection and Les Dawson , George Formby and Gracie Fields material . The Lancashire People Gallery focuses on the Lancashire identity and comprises items loaned by members of the public revealing some exceptional hidden histories . Lancashire Law and Order reveals the building ' s court house heritage . Responsible for the trials of petty criminals between 1827 to around 1900 , the Chairman of the Court , Thomas Batty Addison earned the name of the Terror of the Criminal for his no nonsense approach . This gallery also includes items from the Lancashire Constabulary Police collection , charting the development of the force from 1839 to the present day . Lancashire at Work highlights the range of industries Lancashire has embraced from agriculture to textiles , maritime to engineering trades , not to mention Holland ' s pies and Uncle Joe ' s mint balls ! Lancashire Goes to War is dominated by an impressive and atmospheric World War I trench . It also displays information about the role of women during the war and how we remember our fallen heroes . Other interactive galleries include life on the homefront in World War II , and a Victorian classroom . The Museum is also home to the collections of the Duke of Lancaster ' s Own Yeomanry and the 14th / 20th Kings Hussars .
François de Créquy François , chevalier de Créquy and marquis de Marines ( 1625 – 3 February 1687 ) was marshal of France . Life . François was a member of the aristorcatice and military Créquy family . He was the youngest son of Charles II ( died 1630 ) who was the second son of Charles I de Blanchefort ( 1578 - 1638 ) a Marshal of France . Créquy took part as a boy in the Thirty Years ' War , distinguishing himself so greatly that at the age of twenty - six he was made a " maréchal de camp " , and a lieutenant - general before he was thirty . Créquy was regarded as the most brilliant of the younger officers , and won the favor of Louis XIV by his fidelity to the court during the second Fronde . In 1667 Créquy served on the Rhine , and in 1668 he commanded the covering army during Louis XIV ' s Siege of Lille , after the surrender of which the king rewarded him with the marshalate . In 1670 he overran the Duchy of Lorraine . Shortly after this Henri de la Tour d ' Auvergne , Vicomte de Turenne , his old commander , was made marshal - general , and all the marshals were placed under his orders . Many resented this , and Créquy , in particular , whose career of uninterrupted success had made him overconfident , went into exile rather than serve under Turenne . After the death of Turenne and the retirement of Louis , Grand Condé , he became the most important general officer in the army , but his overconfidence was punished by the severe defeat of Conzer Bruck ( 1675 ) and the surrender of Trier and his own captivity which followed . However in the later campaigns of the Franco - Dutch war Créquy showed himself again a cool , daring and successful commander , and , carrying on the tradition of Turenne and Condé , he was in his turn the pattern of the younger generals of the stamp of Luxembourg and Villars . He died in Paris on 3 February 1687 . Family . Francois de Créquy had two sons , whose brilliant military abilities bade fair to rival his own . The elder , François Joseph , marquis de Créquy ( 1662 - 1702 ) , already held the grade of lieutenant - general when he was killed at Luzzara on 13 August 1702 ; and Nicolas Charles , sire de Créquy , was killed before Tournai in 1696 at the age of twenty - seven .
Cherokee Nation Warriors Society The Cherokee Nation Warriors Society is a society of Cherokee Nation tribal members who are also military veterans , and who were honorably discharged from military service . The society is based in Tahlequah , Oklahoma and is administered by the Cherokee Nation Office of Veterans Affairs . Most of the society members participate in the Gourd Dance . Membership in this society is open to all veterans of the Cherokee Nation of any branch of military service . The Cherokee Nation Warriors Society members and those veterans who gave their lives in military service have bricks with their names inscribed paving the Cherokee Nation Warriors Memorial and Pavilion located at the Cherokee Nation Headquarters in Tahlequah , Oklahoma . The memorial is dedicated to all Cherokee Citizens and their families who served honorably in the United States Military and to those who gave their lives in defense of the United States and the Cherokee homeland .
HMS Fawn ( 1897 ) HMS " Fawn " was a Palmer three funnel , 30 knot destroyer ordered by the Royal Navy under the 1896 – 1897 Naval Estimates . She was the fourth ship to carry this name . Construction . " Fawn " was laid down on 5 September 1896 at the Palmer shipyard at Jarrow - on - Tyne and launched on 13 April 1897 . During her builder ’ s trials she made her contracted speed requirement . She was completed and accepted by the Royal Navy in December 1898 . Pre - War . " Fawn " was commissioned at Portsmouth 27 August 1901 by Lieutenant and Commander J . A . Ingles and assigned to the Channel Fleet . She spent her early operational career in Home Waters operating with the Channel Fleet as part of the Portsmouth Flotilla . In 1902 she was deployed to the Mediterranean Fleet returning to Home Waters in 1906 . On 30 August 1912 the Admiralty directed all destroyer classes were to be designated by alpha characters starting with the letter ' A ' . Since her design speed was 30 - knots and she had three funnels she was assigned to the C class . After 30 September 1913 , she was known as a C - class destroyer and had the letter ‘ C ’ painted on the hull below the bridge area and on either the fore or aft funnel . World War I . In July 1914 she was deployed in the 6th Destroyer Flotilla based at Dover . In November 1916 she was transferred to the 7th Flotilla on the Humber River . During her deployment there she was involved in anti - submarine and counter - mining patrols . Disposition . In 1919 she was paid off and laid - up in reserve awaiting disposal . She was sold on 23 July 1919 to Thomas W . Ward of Sheffield for breaking at New Holland , Lincolnshire , on the Humber Estuary . She was awarded the Battle Honour Belgian Coast 1914 – 18 for her service . References . Note : All tabular data under General Characteristics only from the listed Jane ' s Fighting Ships volume unless otherwise specified
Pierre Georges Pierre Georges ( 1919 , Paris - 1944 ) , better known as Colonel Fabien , was one of the two members of the French Communist Party who perpetrated the first assassinations of German personnel during the Occupation of France during the Second World War . Born to a baker ' s family , Georges fought for the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War until the end of the International Brigades in 1939 . In 1940 , he joined the French Resistance in the Franc Tireurs Partisans , at the time still largely operating by sabotageing German equipment in France . In 1943 , he was captured and tortured but escaped . Pierre Georges was killed in Alsace while he was manipulating a landmine . Honours . Likewise , many streets in towns with communist mayors are named " Colonel Fabien " .
Volkssturmkarabiner VK - 98 The Volkssturmkarabiner VK - 98 is a rifle created especifically to equip the Volkssturm soldiers created in 1944 by the Nazis in a desperate attempt to defend the Germany against the advancing Red Army Description . During the closing months of the WW2 Hitler tried all possible means to stop Allied advances on all fronts . One of such means was creation of the Volkssturm organization , which conscripted males aged between 16 and 60 who were not already serving in German armed forces . Hastily trained and usually armed with second - hand or obsolete weapons , the Volkssturm formed the last line of defense of Third Reich . Due to shortage of small arms during late 1944 and early 1945 , German industry developed a number of cheap , rude but at least marginally effective weapons , solely intended for Volkssturm use . Most of these weapons were very basic in design , crude in finish , made of inferior materials and with little attention to durability , fit and finish . The Volkssturmkarabiner VK - 98 rifle was based on tried and proven Mauser Kar . 98K action ( less magazine ) , mated with refurbished or newe barrels ( sometimes re - manufactured from machine gun barrels ) and crude wooden stocks . Volkssturmkarabiner VK - 98 rifles were manufactured toward the very end of WW2 , mostly at Steyr factory in Austria , which at the time was controlled by German army . The Volkssturmkarabiner VK - 98 rifle is a rotary bolt action , manually operated single shot rifle . It uses Mauser Kar . 98K type bolt action with rotary bolt , but has no magazine , so every cartridge has to be manually loaded into the chamber . The sights are fixed , non - ajjustable .
USS Shreveport ( PF - 23 ) The first USS " Shreveport " ( PG - 131 / PF - 23 ) was a of the United States Navy . She was laid down under Maritime Commission contract ( MC hull 1434 ) on 8 March 1943 by Walter Butler Shipbuilders , Inc . , in Superior , Wisconsin ; reclassified PF - 23 on 15 April 1943 ; launched on 15 July 1943 , sponsored by Miss Nell Querbes ; and commissioned on 24 April 1944 at Algiers , Louisiana , with Commander H . A . Morrison , USCG , in command . Service history . Following shakedown off Bermuda , " Shreveport " arrived at Boston , Massachusetts , on 9 November 1944 . Conversion to a weather ship followed ( the after 3 - inch gun was removed and a weather balloon hangar was added ) ; and on 2 March 1945 , she departed Boston and headed north to assume weather reporting and aircraft lifeguard duties in the North Atlantic . Operating on stations between Newfoundland and Iceland , she completed her North Atlantic service in the fall and moved south , to Recife , Brazil , whence she conducted similar patrols from December 1945 until March 1946 . She sailed for the United States on 8 March ; was transferred to the operational control of the Coast Guard while en route ; arrived at Boston on the 23rd ; then , steamed to Charleston , South Carolina , for inactivation . " Shreveport " was decommissioned on 9 May 1946 ; struck from the Navy list on 10 June ; and sold for scrapping to the Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company , Chester , Pennsylvania , in September 1947 .
88th Troop Carrier Squadron The 88th Fighter - Bomber Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the 438th Fighter - Bomber Group , based at General Mitchell Field , Milwaukee , Wisconsin . It was inactivated on 16 Nov 1957 . History . Activated in June 1943 under I Troop Carrier Command and equipped with C - 47 Skytrain s . Trained in various parts of the eastern United States until the end of 1943 . Deployed to England and assigned to IX Troop Carrier Command , Ninth Air Force . Prepared for the invasion of Nazi - occupied Europe . On 5 June 1944 , the squadron took off for assigned drop zones in Occupied France , commencing at 23 : 48 hours . Despite radio black - out , overloaded aircraft , low cloud cover and lack of marked drop zones , they carried parachute infantry of the 101st Airborne Division ' s 502d Parachute Infantry Regiment , who were dropped soon after midnight in the area northwest of Carentan . Glider - borne reinforcement missions followed , carrying weapon s , ammunition , rations , and other supplies . On 20 July departed for Canino airbase in Italy in preparation for the August invasion of Southern France , Operation Dragoon . In the invasion , dropped paratroops and towed gliders that carried reinforcements . During Operation Market Garden in September 1944 , the group released gliders carrying troops and equipment for the airborne attack in the occupied Netherlands . Re - supply missions were flown on 20 September and on the 21st to Overasselt and on the 21st to Son . During the Battle of the Bulge ( December 1944 – January 1945 ) , flew air supply missions to battle areas , including the first two flights into beleaguered Bastogne , re - suppllying the 101st Airborne Division . After moving to France in February 1945 , flying combat operations from rough Resupply and Evacation airfields carrying supplies and ammunition to front line forces , evacuating wounded personnel to rear - zone hospitals . The unit released gliders in support of an American crossing of the Rhine River called Operation Varsity in March 1945 . After V - E Day , the unit evacuated prisoners of war and displaced persons to relocation centers . Returned to the United States in August 1945 , until demoblizing . Inactivated as an administrative unit in September 1945 . Reactivated in the reserve in 1949 , associated with Strategic Air Command at Offut AFB , Nebraska . Flew C - 46 Commando medium transports between various SAC bases with logistical support and personnel movement . Brought to active duty in 1951 due to Korean War , personnel and aircraft being assigned to MATS units as fillers . Inactivated as an administrative unit shortly afterwards . Again activated in 1952 in the reserve as a Tactical Air Command fighter - bomber squadron at Billy Mitchell Field , Milwaukee , Wisconsin . Initially equipped with F - 51 Mustangs , later upgraded to T - 33 and F - 80 Shooting Star jets . Inactivated in November 1957 due to budget reductions .
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients : Q – S The Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government and is bestowed on a member of the United States armed forces who distinguishes himself " … conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States … " Due to the nature of this medal , it is commonly presented posthumously . Many of the awards during the Civil War were for capturing or saving regimental flags . During the Civil War , regimental flags served as the rallying point for the unit , and guided the unit ' s movements . Loss of the flag could greatly disrupt a unit , and could have a greater effect than the death of the commanding officer . Recipients are listed alphabetically by last name . Posthumous receipt is denoted by an asterisk .