naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Bailey ( DD - 269 ) The second USS " Bailey " ( DD - 269 ) was a " Clemson " - class destroyer in the United States Navy and transferred to the Royal Navy where she served as HMS " Reading " ( G71 ) during World War II . As USS " Bailey " . Named for Theodorus Bailey , she was launched in February 1919 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , Squantum , Massachusetts ; sponsored by Miss Rosalie Fellows Bailey , great - granddaughter of Admiral Bailey , commissioned 27 June 1919 , Commander A . Sharp in command ; and reported to the Pacific Fleet . " Bailey " carried out routine operations along the west coast between October 1919 and June 1922 . Because of the disturbed conditions on the west coast of Mexico she was assigned to patrol duty there for short periods in 1920 . On 16 June 1922 Bailey went out of commission at San Diego , California . On 30 September 1939 she was recommissioned at San Diego and reported to Destroyer Division 72 , Atlantic Squadron . " Bailey " served with the Squadron in operations off the eastern seaboard until November 1940 . On 26 November 1940 she was decommissioned at Halifax , Nova Scotia , and transferred in the destroyer - land bases exchange to Great Britain . As HMS " Reading " . Renamed HMS " Reading " she was commissioned 26 November 1940 for service with the 5th " Town " Flotilla and arrived at Plymouth , England , 17 December 1940 where she was re - fitted and modified at HMNB Devonport . She is the only ship to be named " Reading " . Between March and July 1941 she escorted convoys in the Atlantic , working out of Liverpool . In July 1941 she joined the Newfoundland Escort Group with which she remained until May 1942 . In this role , she escorted HMS " Prince of Wales " with Prime Minister Winston Churchill to the Newfoundland Conference . She was deployed at Placentia Bay with other Royal Navy and United States Navy warships for guard duties during the conference . After the meeting , she temporarily resumed escort duties in the Atlantic . Between May and October 1942 she underwent a yard overhaul in London , after which her weaponry was removed and she served as a target ship for aircraft from the Air Station , Fearn , Scotland , and continued in this assignment until July 1945 when she was handed over to ship - breakers at Rosyth . The ship ' s badge from the HMS " Reading " is the collection of the Historical Society of Berks County , located in Reading , PA .
Yokosuka MXY9 The Yokosuka MXY9 " Shuka " ( 秋火 , " Autumn fire " ) was a projected development of the MXY8 training glider , adding a small thermojet - style jet engine , the Tsu - 11 . It was intended to provide further training for pilots who were to fly the Mitsubishi J8M and Mitsubishi Ki - 200 rocket - powered interceptor aircraft . None were built prior to Japan ' s surrender and the end of World War II .
AN / SPS - 52 The AN / SPS - 52 is a United States Navy three - dimensional , long range air search radar that is capable of providing contact bearing , range and altitude . It was used on Brooke class frigate s , Charles F . Adams class destroyer s , Hatakaze class destroyer s , Tarawa class amphibious assault ship s , Wasp class amphibious assault ship s , Galveston class cruiser s , Providence class cruiser s and other ships . It was replaced by the AN / SPS - 48 on newer ships and ships that received upgrades . The antenna is mechanically rotated for azimuth but electronically scanned for elevation .
Chuhatsu - class landing craft The or 13m landing craft was a type of landing craft , used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II . It was a smaller version of the Daihatsu Class , with a bow ramp that was lowered to disembark cargo upon riding up onto the beach . It was utilised by the Imperial Japanese Navy as a liberty and supply boat for cruisers , and as a lighter for transporting aircraft . References . < br >
Cerro Gordo order of battle The following units and commanders of the U . S . and Mexican armed forces fought in the battle of Cerro Gordo from April 17 – 18 , 1847 during the Mexican - American War . The U . S . 1st Division and 1st Brigade , 3rd Division remained in the rear at Veracruz . United States . Army of Invasion : MG Winfield Scott Headquarters Mexico . Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna As Actually Deployed . Battery on the road - Gen . br . R . Diaz de la Vega - 6th Infantry ( 900 men ) , Grenaderos Battalion ( 460 men ) and one Art . Battery ( 7 guns ) el Telegrafo ( hill ) - Gen . br . C . Vasquez , Col . Lopez Uraga , Col R . Palacios ( artillery ) - 3d Infantry ( Col . Azpeitia 100 men ) and one Art . Battery ( 6 guns ) Reserve in Camp at Cerro Gordo - Gen . div . A . Lopez de Santa Ana - 1st , 2d , 3d ( Gen . Banenili ) & 4th Light ( Ligero ) ( 1 , 700 men ) , and 4th ( Col . Lopez Uraga ) & 11th Line ( 780 men ) . Artillery reserve ( probably one battery of 5 guns ) , general park , hospital , baggage etc . Cavalry at Coral Falso - Gen . V . Canalizo - Hussars Squadron , 5th & 9th Line Cavalry , Morelia & Coraceros Regiments , Jalapa , Chalchicomula and Orizava Squadrons . ( Juvera and Canalizo Brigades ? ) Note : - 1 . ) Manuel Balbontin , a Mexican artillery officer during the war ( La Invasion Americana 1888 ) does not cover the battle .
German submarine U - 467 German submarine " U - 467 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out two patrols . She sank no ships . She was a member of one wolfpack . She was sunk by a US Navy aircraft southeast of Iceland , in May 1943 . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 22 June 1941 at " Deutsche Werke " in Kiel as ' werk ' 298 , launched on 16 May 1942 and commissioned on 15 July under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Heinz Kummer . She served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla from 15 July 1942 for training and the 11th flotilla from 1 April 1943 for operations . 1st patrol . " U - 432 " s first patrol was preceded by a short journey from Kiel in Germany to Bergen in Norway . The patrol itself began when the boat departed Bergen on 27 March 1943 . She headed northwest into the Norwegian Sea . 2nd patrol and loss . Her second foray began with her departure from Bergen on 20 May 1943 . On the 25th , she was sunk by a FIDO homing torpedo dropped by a US Navy Catalina flying boat . Forty - six men went down with " U - 467 " ; there were no survivors .
Forward Operating Base Geronimo FOB Geronimo in Afghanistan is a military expeditionary base built by the United States Marine Corps . It is in along the Helmand River Valley in Nawa - I - Barakzayi District , Helmand Province . It was originally built by 1st Battalion , 5th Marines in 2009 .
Battle of the strait of Messina The Battle of the Strait of Messina was fought on 276 BC when a Carthaginian fleet attacked the Sicilian fleet of Pyrrhus of Epirus , who was crossing the strait to Italy . Pyrrhus had left Italy for Sicily on the Autumn of 278 BC and scored several major victories against the Carthaginian armies , but Roman successes against Pyrrhus ' Italian allies convinced him to return to Italy . While Pyrrhus was transporting his troops to Rhegium he was attacked by the Carthaginians who inflicted heavy casualties on his fleet . Pyrrhus ' surviving ships , amounting to 40 warships plus the transport ships , docked at Locri where he had left his son Alexander when he opened his Sicilian campaign .
145 Squadron , Republic of Singapore Air Force The 145 Squadron " Hornet " is a strike fighter squadron of the Republic of Singapore Air Force based currently at Changi Airbase ( East ) which is a new airbase , opened in 2004 , to the east of Singapore Changi Airport on reclaimed land . With the hornet as its motif , the squadron ' s motto is " " Swift & Valiant " " . History . First formed in 1984 at Tengah Air Base , the squadron flew the A - 4S Skyhawk and later , the locally upgraded A - 4SU Super Skyhawk , along with her sister squadron , the 142 Squadron . When the A - 4SU was retired from active combat service , however , 142 Squadron was disbanded , while the 145 Squadron was retained to operate the newly upgraded F - 16Ds from the new air base , an unsurprising decision considering the fact that the 145 Squadron has emerged as the best fighter squadron for five consecutive years since the year 2000 in the annual Singapore Armed Forces Best Unit Competition . New role . The twenty aircraft of the squadron are upgraded versions of the F - 16D Block 52 , hence known as the Block 52 + or F - 16D + , are equipped with state - of - the - art Conformal Fuel Tanks , an enhanced radar with greater detection range and improved mapping capabilities , and an improved targeting pod , this enables the squadron to conduct precision day and night operations at a greater combat range and duration . This fact makes it a unique squadron within the RSAF as all its aircraft are tandem seaters and every mission is flown with a Pilot and Weapon System Officer ( WSO . )
USS Joanna ( SP - 1963 ) USS " Joanna " ( SP - 1963 ) , was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1920 . " Joanna " was built as a private motorboat of the same name in 1917 by the Albany Boat Corporation at Watervliet , New York . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy purchased her from her owner , Martin A . Metzner , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . The Navy took delivery of her on 9 December 1917 , and she was commissioned as USS " Joanna " ( SP - 1963 ) that month . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District , " Joanna " served on patrol duty for the rest of World War I . In 1920 the Navy wrote her off as " unaccounted for abroad " and she was stricken from the Navy List .
RCAF Station Souris RCAF Station Souris was a Second World War British Commonwealth Air Training Plan ( BCATP ) station located near Souris , Manitoba , Canada . It was operated and administered by the Royal Canadian Air Force ( RCAF ) . Souris hosted No . 17 Service Flying Training School ( No . 17 SFTS ) . The school opened March 8 , 1943 and closed March 30 , 1945 . Aircraft used included the Harvard and Anson . Emergency , or relief , landing fields were located at Hartney and Elgin . The aerodrome is now the Souris Glenwood Industrial Air Park .
Wolfgang van Kranenbrock Wolfgang van Kranenbrock ( 11 August 1909 – 22 March 1986 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Gerhard Benack Gerhard Benack ( 23 June 1915 – 9 December 1994 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Wehrmacht during World War II and an Oberstleutnant in the Bundeswehr . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Pearl ' s Naval Brigade Pearl ' s Naval Brigade was formed on 11 September 1857 when 175 officers and men of Royal Navy ship formed a Naval Brigade which operated ashore during the Indian Mutiny with the Gurkha s and Sikhs providing artillery support . The Brigade engaged in numerous actions against the rebel forces and most notably in the campaign that led to the Relief of Lucknow . They fought alongside a similar Brigade formed by the crew of , which landed a considerable force of mobile guns and rifle companies , while " Pearl ' s Naval Brigade " deployed mostly rifle companies .
Fieseler Fi 333 The Fieseler Fi 333 was a prototype transport aircraft developed by Fieseler , and backed by the Luftwaffe . The aircraft was to utilise detachable pods of varying sizes to carry cargo , a system that would allow a rapid turnaround on the ground . The very tall braced undercarriage was made unretractable so that the fuselage would be able to take the strain of the heavy cargo . The cargo pod system was tested on several other Fieseler and Messerschmitt aircraft , but shortly after these tests the project was cancelled .
Farquharson rifle The Farquharson Rifle is a single shot hammerless falling block action rifle designed and patented by John Farquharson , of Daldhu , Scotland in 1872 . George Gibbs , a gun maker in Bristol , became a co - owner of the Farquharson patent in 1875 and was the sole maker of Farquharson rifles until the patent expired . Fewer than 1 , 000 Gibbs - Farquharson rifles were made , the last one being delivered in 1910 . A few years after the original Farquharson patent expired in 1889 , many English gun makers began producing their own versions of Farquharson rifles utilizing actions made by Auguste Francotte in Herstal , Belgium . These actions were essentially exact copies of those used by Gibbs to build his military target Farquharson rifles , which had a solid combined lower tang and trigger guard . The actions had " PD " stamped on the receiver , which stood for " public domain , " indicating there was no patent infringement in utilizing the design . W . J . Jeffery & Co . produced most of the " PD " Farquharson rifles , with the first ones being sold in 1895 as their Model 95 Falling Block Rifle . In 1904 Jefferey introduced a larger version of this action called the Model 1904 and chambered in the 600 Nitro Express . The Model 95 and Model 1904 were listed in the Jeffery catalogs right up until 1927 . However , beginning in 1912 the advertisements for the falling block rifles carried the notation " Now made to order only , having been superseded by the Magazine Rifle . " Legacy . Because of their rarity , original Gibbs - Farquharson rifles are highly prized collector pieces today . The " PD " Farquharson rifles by Jeffery and other makers are less rare , but are still generally considered collector pieces rather than working weapons . For the modern hunter who appreciates the natural grace and balance of the Farquharson design , Ruger introduced their No . 1 single shot rifle in 1967 . The No . 1 is a proprietary Ruger falling block design loosely styled after the Farquharson rifles and is credited with rekindling interest among hunters in the single shot rifle . It remains one of Ruger ' s best selling firearms . Gunmakers offering bespoke single shot rifles similar to the Farquharson design , but none follow the internal workings of the original , include Soroka Rifle Co . in New Zealand , Dakota Arms Inc . in Sturgis , South Dakota , USA and Sturtevant Arms Company in Pueblo , Colorado , USA .
U . S . – German Peace Treaty ( 1921 ) The U . S . — German Peace Treaty is a peace treaty between the U . S . and German governments , signed in Berlin on August 25 , 1921 , in the aftermath of World War I . The main reason for the conclusion of that treaty was the fact that the U . S . Senate did not ratify the multilateral peace treaty signed in Versailles , thus leading to a separate peace treaty . Ratifications were exchanged in Berlin on November 11 , 1921 , and the treaty became effective on the same day . The treaty was registered in " League of Nations Treaty Series " on August 12 , 1922 . Background . During World War I , the German " Reich " was defeated by the Allied Powers , one of which was the United States . The U . S . government declared war on Germany on April 6 , 1917 . At the end of the war in November 1918 , the German monarchy was overthrown and Germany was established as a republic . In 1919 , the victorious Allied Powers held a peace conference in Paris to formulate peace treaties with the defeated Central Powers . At the conference , a peace treaty with the German government was concluded . The U . S . government was among the signatories of that treaty , but the U . S . Senate refused to ratify the treaty , due in large measure to its objections to U . S . participation in the League of Nations . As a result , the two governments started negotiations for a bilateral peace treaty not connected to the League of Nations . Such a treaty was concluded on August 25 , 1921 . Terms of the treaty . Article 1 obliged the German government to grant to the U . S . government all rights and privileges enjoyed by the other allied powers who had ratified the peace treaty signed in Paris . Article 2 specified which articles of the Versailles treaty shall apply to the U . S . Article 3 provided for the exchange of ratifications in Berlin . Aftermath . The treaty laid the foundations for a U . S . - German cooperation not under the strict supervision of the League of Nations . As a result , the U . S . government embarked on a path of partially assisting the government of the Weimar Republic to ease the burden of War reparations imposed in the Treaty of Versailles . Following the conclusion of the peace treaty , diplomatic relations between the two governments were reestablished , and on December 10 , 1921 , the new U . S . ambassador — Ellis Loring Dresel — presented his credentials in Berlin . The treaty was supplemented by a treaty signed in Berlin on August 10 , 1922 , which provided for the establishment of a mixed U . S . - German commission to decide amount of reparations to be paid by the German government to the U . S .
Grand Army of the Republic Memorial Hall ( Nebraska City , Nebraska ) The Grand Army of the Republic Memorial Hall , also known as William Baumer Post No . 24 , Grand Army of the Republic ( GAR ) , and as the Civil War Veterans Museum , is a historic building located at 908 ( now 910 ) 1st Corso in Nebraska City , Nebraska , in the United States . The hall was built in 1894 – 95 . In 1994 , it was added to the U . S . National Register of Historic Places . History . The Richardsonian Romanesque Grand Army of the Republic Memorial Hall was designed and built in 1894 – 95 by Harry Lawrie and George Lee Fisher , and was the meeting place of the William Baumer Post No . 24 , which was one of 354 GAR posts in Nebraska . The hall has been restored and is now the Civil War Veterans Museum at the G . A . R . Memorial Hall .
Ingram de Umfraville Sir Ingram de Umfraville was a Scottish noble who played a particularly chequered role in the Wars of Scottish Independence . In 1284 he joined with other Scottish noblemen who acknowledged Margaret of Norway as the heir of King Alexander III . Ingram inherited the estates of Ingram Baliol on Baliol ' s death , being Foston in Leicestershire , Wharrington - upon - Tees in County Durham as well as the barony of Urr in Galloway and Red Castle in Angus . He was one of the ambassadors who established the ' Auld alliance ' with France and Scotland in 1295 . He was present at the siege of Berwick in 1296 with King Edward I of England and fought on the English side during the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 . Fighting on the side of Scotland he participated in the siege of Stirling Castle in 1299 . He was appointed joint Guardian of Scotland on 10 May 1300 together with William Lamberton , Bishop of St Andrews , and John Comyn , Lord of Badenoch . He resigned the next year and was being replaced by John de Soules . He participated in the siege of Lochmaben Castle in September 1301 . In 1303 he again became an ambassadors to Paris and upon returning from France in 1304 , Ingram had his lands forfeited to King Edward I , who gave them to Sir Henry de Percy . He received his lands back upon Robert the Bruce declaring himself King in 1306 . Ingram switched sides to the English and in 1307 became one of their commanders in the Carrick and Galloway area and held the Bruce and his small army in the hill country south of the Forth . King Edward II of England made Ingram Guardian of South and West Scotland . Edward Bruce defeated Ingram during the Battle of the River Dee in 1308 . He fought on the side of the English at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 . After the battle Ingram fled the field to Bothwell Castle , where he was captured and later ransomed . Ingram left Scotland in 1320 and settled in his English estates . He had two daughters , Eva and Isabella and a son called Ingram .
Sommerfeld Tracking Sommerfeld Tracking , named after German expatriate engineer , Kurt Joachim Sommerfeld , then living in England , was a lightweight wire mesh type of prefabricated airfield surface . First put into use by the British in 1941 , it was a wire netting stiffened laterally by steel rods . This gave it load - carrying capacity while staying flexible enough to be rolled up . Nicknamed " " tin lino " " , Sommerfeld Tracking consisted of rolls wide by long . Mild Steel rods threaded through at 9 inch intervals gave it strength . The rolls could be joined at the edges by threading flat steel bar through loops in the ends of the rods . Sommerfeld Track was used extensively by the Royal Air Force in the Second World War to make runways at their airfields , as it could be deployed quickly . Use . The ground was cleared and , if swampy , a layer of coir ( also known as Coco Peat ) or coconut matting laid down . The Sommerfeld track was unrolled over the ground , pulled tight by a tractor , bulldozer , or similar vehicle , then fastened to the ground with angle - iron pickets . A typical runway made of Sommerfeld tracking was by . It would appear that this method did have some limitations and there are various reports of airfields being out of use during heavy rainfall due to mud , and the fact that the track would lift out of the ground . There are also anecdotal reports of it causing damage to aircraft , such as wheels being torn off .
7th Fleet ( Imperial Japanese Navy ) The was a fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II , primarily responsible for control of the Tsushima Strait . History . The IJN 7th Fleet was formed on 15 April 1945 , during the closing stages of World War II . It was essentially an administrative fleet tasked with coordinating local defenses and control of the sea lane s between northern Kyūshū and far western Honshū , and the Korean peninsula . It was headquartered at Moji - ku , Kitakyūshū . The “ fleet ” was assigned an old minelayer , converted merchant vessels and a small number of anti - submarine patrol boats , so that its actual combat potential was almost nonexistent . It was disbanded at the end of World War II . The commander of the IJN 7th Fleet concurrently held the post of commander in chief of the 1st Escort Fleet .
Alligator - class landing ship Project 1171 ( Tapir ) class landing ship ( NATO reporting name : Alligator ) is a class of Soviet / Russia n general purpose , beachable amphibious transport dock s ( Soviet classification : Large landing ship , ) . Design of Project 1171 was initiated in 1959 by the Navy , while a similar dual - purpose " Project 1173 " was ordered by the civilian Ministry of Shipping . Eventually both designs were merged under Project 1171 umbrella , and the resulting ship was a compromise between military ( speed , survivability ) and civil ( fuel economy ) objectives . Design team produced four different configurations of the ship . The Navy selected the most powerful and fastest option , which was also least fuel - efficient , and the civil Ministry withdrew from the project completely . All production ships were made for the Navy and never operated on shipping lines . A total of 14 vessels were completed between 1964 and 1975 ; all were retired in 1992 – 1995 . As at September , 2008 , two vessels , currently named " Orsk " and " Saratov " are in active service with the 179 - th brigade of Russian Black Sea Fleet . An unidentified number remains in reserve . " Saratov " ( БДК - 65 ) was launched in July 1964 , commissioned in 1966 as " Voronezhsky Komsomolets " . As a leader ship of a formation , it lacked the habitable troops compartments installed on other ships of the class . " Saratov " was stationed in Donuzlav ( Black Sea Fleet ) until the Union collapsed and then remained mothballed in Odessa until 1994 . The ship was reported in active operations in 2000 and later . " Orsk " ( БДК - 69 ) was launched and commissioned in 1968 as " Nikolay Obekov " . It served a total of 11 campaigns in Indian and Atlantic oceans and the Mediterranean . Later , under Russian flag , it carried peacekeeping troops and materials to Yugoslavia , Adjaria and Abkhazia . Some vessels were used in the 2008 South Ossetia war . References . All Alligator class landing ships - Complete Ship List