naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Red Devils ( Parachute Regiment ) The Red Devils are the Parachute Regiment ' s parachute display team . The team wears the distinctive maroon beret . The Red Devils are regular serving paratroopers from the three battalions of the Parachute Regiment who have volunteered to serve on the display team . History . During the summer of 1963 Lt Edward Gardener , Major John Weeks and Corporal Sherdy Vatnsdal discussed the prospects of forming a full time Regimental display team . Lt Gardener wrote a paper on this subject which eventually led to the Regimental Colonel , Glyn Gilbert ( the newly appointed APA chairman ) giving the venture his full support . On January 1 , 1964 Edward Gardener assumed the appointment of Officer Commanding the Parachute Regiment Free Fall Display Team ( the name Red Devils came later ) with a small office in Regimental Headquarters in Maida Barracks Aldershot . Problems were encountered in recruiting a team , gaining equipment and obtaining display bookings , all three Battalions provided differing levels ( due to operational commitments ) of manning and a 17 - man team was formed . The provision of parachutes and other personal equipment was regrettably a simple problem . There were no funds available and no one was prepared to sponsor an unknown quantity . Team members therefore had to purchase their own kit ! Jump platforms were provided by hiring the APA ' s Rapide or other civilian aircraft ( again team members had to meet the costs ) until Lt Col Gilbert came up with the unprecedented idea that the team needed their own Rapide . Funds were gathered as interest free loans from the three Battalions and by mid - June the team had purchased their own fully overhauled aircraft brought back from Beirut . This original Rapide was named “ VALKYRIE ” The aircraft was flown then , as now by volunteer civilian and military pilots , with the assistance of Major Peter Cockroft of RHQ Para . Around 50 displays were booked between May and October 1964 of which around thirty were completed . All fees went towards paying the aircraft purchase loans but by the end of 1964 the free fall team were well and truly established . The distinctive maroon beret of the Parachute Regiment was first worn by the men of the Regiment when it went into action in North Africa in November 1942 . The officers and men of the 1st Parachute Brigade , wearing this beret , were nicknamed the " Red Devils " by their German adversaries because of the fact that they were covered in red dust from the area in which they had been fighting ( not for the fact they wore the Maroon Beret ) .
IJA 1st Cavalry Brigade The Imperial Japanese Army 1st Cavalry Brigade originally formed November 3 , 1901 . It was assigned to Kwantung Army in April 1933 as part of the IJA Cavalry Group . It was then assigned with the Cavalry Group to Northern China Area Army , June 1938 . Again with the Group it was assigned to Mongolia Garrison Army on February 1939 . Organization . 1st Cavalry Brigade Later additions
William Farrand Prosser William Farrand Prosser ( March 16 , 1834 – September 23 , 1911 ) was a American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives representing Tennessee , and was a Union Colonel in the American Civil War . Early years . Prosser was born on March 16 , 1834 in Williamsport , the son of David and Rachel Williams Prosser , Welsh immigrants . His family moved to Johnstown , Pennsylvania when he was very young . In Johnstown , he received a limited formal education , but went on to teach school and study law although he never practiced . He moved to California in 1854 , where he engaged in mining . Civil War Years . Prosser returned to Pennsylvania in 1861 upon the outbreak of the Civil War to enter the Union Army . He was promoted through the ranks to Colonel , and served throughout the war . Prosser saw action in many battles , including the Battle of Shiloh , the Battle of Stones River , and the Siege of Knoxville . Prosser was briefly a prisoner of war in 1862 . Tennessee Years . After the war Prosser settled on a farm near Nashville , Tennessee , where he was elected to the Tennessee House of Representatives , 1867 – 1869 . He was elected as a Republican to the Forty - first United States Congress in 1869 , and served from March 4 , 1869 to March 3 , 1871 . He was postmaster of Nashville 1872 – 1875 and a director of the Tennessee , Edgefield & Kentucky Railroad . Prosser was appointed in 1872 as one of the State commissioners to the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia and was sent on a special mission in 1873 to assist in arranging participation of European countries in the exposition . He published the " Nashville Republican " for several years . Washington Years . In 1879 , Prosser was appointed by President Rutherford B . Hayes as special agent of the United States Department of the Interior for Oregon , Washington , and Idaho and moved to Washington in the same year . He married Flora Louise Thornton in Seattle on April 6 , 1880 and settled in the Yakima River valley area in 1882 , where he founded the town of Prosser , Washington . He had three children , William Thornton Prosser , Margaret Helen Prosser , and Mildred Cyrenia Prosser . He was a delegate at the first Washington State Constitutional Convention in 1889 . Prosser was one of the founders of the Washington State Historical Society , which he served as president for a time . In 1903 , he authored a two volume history titled " A History of the Puget Sound Country " . He also served as chairman of the State harbor line commission , mayor of North Yakima , and city treasurer of Seattle 1908 – 1910 . Death . Prosser died September 23 , 1911 ( age 77 years ) . He is interred at Lake View Cemetery , Seattle , Washington .
SM U - 105 SM U - 105 was one of the 329 submarine s serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I . U - 105 was engaged in the naval warfare and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic . After the war she was ceded to France , where the unit served as " Jean Autric " until being scrapped in 1938 .
6th Rajputana Rifles The 6th Rajputana Rifles were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They were formed in 1922 , after the Indian government reformed the army . They moved away from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . The regiment served in World War II and in 1947 was allocated to the new Indian Army after independence as the Rajputana Rifles . During World War II the regiment was expanded to thirteen battalions and served in the Middle East , Burma and Malaya . The 4th Battalion had the distinction of earning two Victoria Crosses during this conflict .
German submarine U - 884 German submarine " U - 884 " was a Type IXD / 42 U - boat of the " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . Her construction was ordered on 2 April 1942 and her keel was laid down on 29 August 1943 by AG Weser of Bremen . She was launched on 17 May 1944 , but was never commissioned , and was badly damaged on 30 March 1945 by United States bombs .
Militares vermelhos Militares vermelhos ( Portuguese : " red troops " ) was a term used for Portuguese military figures who were tied to the Portuguese Communist Party , or international communism , who were associated with the Movimento das Forças Armadas . The term was especially used by the populations of the former províncias ultramarinas portuguesas ( overseas Portuguese colonies ) . The term was particularly applied to those who during the Processo Revolucionário em Curso power - struggle supported the entry of the colonies as well as mainland Portugal into the Soviet sphere of influence . The most exemplary case was that of Almirante Rosa Coutinho , governor of Angola during the post - Revolução dos Cravos period , who was known for having ordered all arms owned by the public to be handed over to the authorities , following which he allowed the entry of Communist troops into the country via the Cuba - Angola airbridge . Other examples are Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho and Vasco Gonçalves who visited Fidel Castro in the summer on 1975 , just as the airbridge was reaching its peak .
Bloch MB . 81 The MB . 81 was a French military aircraft built by Société des Avions Marcel Bloch as a flying ambulance since it was designed to carry one passenger , in or out of a stretcher . Developed in response to a government - sponsored competition in support of the new doctrine of " aerial first aid " , it was employed exclusively in the overseas colonies , specifically Morocco and Syria . Unlike the MB . 80 prototype , the MB . 81 had a closed cockpit and a somewhat larger cargo space . This was the company ' s first design which made it out of prototyping . History . The aircraft was designed to be able to seek patients or casualties by scouting , even at high altitudes , during military operations in mountainous countries , like then - French Morocco over the Atlas Mountains . The main design feature made it possible to transport a casualty lying prone , in a compartment placed between the pilot and the engine . The wings could also be adapted to hold casualties , remaining constantly under the sight of the pilot and connected to him by an Aviaphone communication system . The MB . 80 made its first flight at the beginning of summer 1932 in Villacoublay , piloted by Zacharie Heu . An all - metal monoplane with low wings , it was equipped with a French Lorraine 5 Pc of 88 . 24 kW ( 120 hp ) which allowed him to reach a speed of 190 km / h ( 119 hp ) at an altitude of 6 , 400 meters ( 21 , 000 ft ) . It was able to take off in 70 meters ( 230 ft ) and to land in 95 meters ( 312 ft ) . In a 1932 test , the MB . 80 carried out 209 landings in one and a half days without any problems . The aircraft was built without any assistance from the government , but an initial order of 20 was placed by the Ground French Forces ( the French Armée de l ' Air was founded in 1933 ) , and it was one of the aircraft that relaunched Marcel Bloch in the aeronautical construction industry . The production model , called the MB . 81 , was fitted with a French Salmson 9Nd of 128 . 68 kW ( 175 hp ) . It took part in military operations in Morocco and in Syria at the beginning of the 1930s . The MB . 81 entered service in 1935 , and was used extensively throughout North Africa and the Middle East . A few were used in 1939 - 1940 , before the French surrender , and in July , 1941 in the battle for Syria between the Vichy French and the British / Free French .
Henry Rust Mighels Henry Rust Mighels ( November 5 , 1830 – May 27 , 1879 ) was a US journalist and politician . A writer of the Sagebrush School , he was the editor and publisher of Carson City , Nevada ' s " Nevada Appeal " . He was born in Norway , Maine . He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War as assistant adjutant general , with the rank of captain , and was wounded in action . In 1868 , he was elected State Printer and served a two - year term . In 1876 , he was elected to the Nevada Assembly , serving as Speaker in 1877 . The following year , he ran unsuccessfully for Lieutenant Governor of Nevada . He was also an artist , painting still life and landscapes . His one book , " Sage Brush Leaves " ( 1879 ) , consists of literary essays . He died of cancer in 1879 in Carson City and is buried at Lone Mountain Cemetery next to his wife Nellie Verrill Mighels Davis ( who subsequently married Samuel Post Davis ) . The Mighels had three sons , including Henry R . Mighels Jr . and Philip Verrill Mighels ; and two daughters . Henry J . Mighels Jr . took over as editor of the " Appeal " in 1898 . Philip ' s ex - wife , Ella Sterling Mighels , was the " First Literary Historian of California " .
62nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 62nd Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 62nd Illinois Infantry was originally organized at Anna , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on April 10 , 1862 . The regiment was mustered out on March 6 , 1866 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 3 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 9 officers and 251 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 263 fatalities .
6595th Aerospace Test Wing The 6595th Aerospace Test Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the Space and Missile Test Center , Vandenberg AFB , California , and was inactivated on 1 October 1979 . History . In July 1958 , Air Research and Development Command ( ARDC ) through its Air Force Ballistic Missile Division ( AFBMD ) , the office continued the work of managing launch facility construction . It also conducted research and development flight tests of Thor and Atlas missiles ; supported SAC ' s deployment of operational versions of these missiles ; and launched unmanned space vehicles into polar orbit around the earth . By 1960 , the launch rate at Vandenberg had increased four - fold since the first launch in December 1958 . To keep pace with this growing momentum , AFBMD enlarged its field office into the 6565th Test Wing ( Ballistic Missiles and Space Systems ) in October 1960 . In December , the parenthetical designator was changed to " ( Development ) , " though the unit remained the 6565th Test Wing . When ARDC was restructured and redesignated as Air Force Systems Command on April 1 , 1961 , that same order also reassigned the wing to Space Systems Division in Los Angeles . In November 1961 , the wing was redesignated the 6595th Aerospace Test Wing . On May 15 , 1964 . At Vandenberg , Headquarters Air Force Western Test Range ( AFWTR ) was established and was assigned to a new National Range Division , organized at Andrews AFB , Maryland . Starting in 1970 , Air Force System Command ( AFSC ) and the Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) organizations at Vandenberg underwent numerous reorganizations and realignments . The first of these major changes involving AFSC units occurred on April 1 , 1970 . HQ AFWTR , and the 6595th Aerospace Test Wing were realigned under a new organization at Vandenberg called the Space and Missile Test Center ( SAMTEC ) . SAMTEC was assigned to the Space and Missile Systems Organization ( SAMSO ) in Los Angeles . In the SAMTEC reorganization , Headquarters AFWTR was inactivated ; the 6595th Aerospace Test Wing was restructured by transferring its support elements to the staff of the new organization , and redesignating its primary mission elements from program divisions to 6595th space and missile test groups . On October 1 , 1979 , HQ SAMTEC was redesignated Headquarters Space and Missile Test Organization ( SAMTO ) . At the same time , the 6595th Aerospace Test Wing was inactivated
USS Patriot ( PYc - 47 ) USS " Patriot " ( PYc - 47 ) , formerly the " Katoura " , was built in 1930 by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company in Bristol , Rhode Island United States and purchased by the United States Navy , for $ 1 . 00 , from Mr . A . Loomis of New York City on 20 September 1940 , She was converted for Navy service as a submarine chaser at the Greenport Basin and Construction Company at Greenport , New York and designated PC – 455 on 4 November 1940 . She was placed in service 27 February 1941 . On 1 March 1941 , PC – 455 departed New York City for Boston , Massachusetts where she reported for duty in the 1st Naval District . There she conducted coastal patrol assignments as PC – 455 until 16 June 1943 when she was named " Patriot " and redesignated PYc – 47 . As " Patriot " she continued her patrols until placed out of service 28 September 1944 . She was then laid up at Quincy , Massachusetts to await delivery to the Maritime Commission . Struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 14 October 1944 , she was turned over to War Shipping Administration 14 March 1945 and subsequently sold to her former owner for the initial purchase price of $ 1 . 00 .
Hartschier Hartschiere ( singular form : " Hartschier " ) were predominantly members of the Bavarian residence guards before 1918 , a historic military branch of the former Duchy and the later Electorate and at last Kingdom of Bavaria . History . According to Meyers Konversations - Lexikon , the Germanized word Hartschier originally derived from the Italian word " arciere " for archer , but it might also be possible that it has Spanish roots , because the Bavarian Duke William IV received a Spanish archer company ( ) of Charles I of Spain and added Bavarian court bodyguards with notable roots in the deep Middle Ages . On April 13 , 1669 , Ferdinand Maria transformed this unit to the " Hartschier - Garde " . The name of the former Austrian equivalent , the k . u . k . Arcièren - Leibgarde , is similar - sounding . The Bavarian palace guard troop , later called " Königlich - Bayerische Leibgarde der Hartschier " ( L . G . " H " . ) , had only ceremonial and no conventional military functions . Relating to military affairs , the " Command of the Leibgarde der Hartschiere " was directly subordinated to the Army Ministry . By contrast the " Leibgarde der Hartschiere " by itself was subordinated , concerning civilian and criminal justiciable affairs , to the General Command in Munich like the other military branches . In addition to the Hartschiere , the kings of Bavaria had a royal house regiment from the end of the Napoleonic Wars until the fall of the kingdom after World War I , the so - called Infantry Lifeguards Regiment . Entrance to this Guard was only possible for soldiers of impeccable character and conduct . The commander of the Hartschier troop had the title " Generalkapitän " ( see also Captain General ) , associated with the highest class ranking in the Hofrangordnung ( court order of precedence ) . He was appointed personally by the king . In 1852 the Hartschiere got new uniforms with white supra vests over their jackets and helmets instead of the former caps , made of nickeled tin and gilded cast brass . The golden helmet plate showed the royal coats of arms and on top of the helmet was a standing golden lion figure . The helmet was worn with the lion for normal service , which was replaced by a white horsehair plume on full dress occasions . Older helmets had obviously two - headed eagle figures on top instead of the lion . The embroidered patch on the chest of the Hartschiere showed a large version of the Order of Saint Hubertus ( Hubertusorden ) with its motto " in trau vast " ( means : " be firm in fidelity " ) . The Hartschiere were armed with épée s and the halberd - like " couse " . On the occasion of the 200th anniversary a commemorative medal ( 2 Ducats ) with a portrait of Ludwig II of Bavaria was given out in 1869 .
USS Eleanor ( SP - 677 ) USS " Eleanor " ( SP - 677 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Eleanor " was built as the private motorboat " Tringa " by Murray and Tregurtha at South Boston , Massachusetts , in 1910 . She later was renamed " Eleanor " . In June 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired " Eleanor " under a free lease from her owner , C . B . Houghton of Corning , New York , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Eleanor " ( SP - 677 ) on 9 July 1917 with Ensign C . H . Derby , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 1st Naval District in northern New England , " Eleanor " carried out patrol duties in the Boston , Massachusetts , area through the end of World War I . " Eleanor " was decommissioned on 12 December 1918 and returned to Houghton on 14 April 1919 .
Lee ' s Legion Lee ' s Legion ( also known as the 2nd Partisan Corps ) was a military unit within the Continental Army during the American Revolution . It primarily served in the Southern Theater of Operations , and gained a reputation for efficiency and bravery on the battlefield and ruthlessness equal to that of Tarleton ' s Raiders . The original unit was raised June 8 , 1776 , at Williamsburg , Virginia , under the command of Henry " Light Horse Harry " Lee for service with the 1st Continental Light Dragoons of the Continental Army . On April 7 , 1778 , the Legion left the 1st CLDs and became known as Lee ' s Legion . It included elements of both cavalry and foot , and typically was uniformed with short green woolen jackets and white linen or doeskin pants , somewhat mimicking the British Legion in appearance . When Lord Cornwallis moved his British Army into North Carolina , Lee ' s Legion entered South Carolina to protect that colony , to intimidate Loyalists and harass British expeditions . Often , the Legion served with Francis Marion and Thomas Sumter in these missions . In 1781 , it participated in Pyle ' s Massacre and the Siege of Ninety Six . The Legion saw considerable action at the Battle of Guilford Court House , and the retaking of South Carolina . The Legion was disbanded at Winchester , Virginia , on November 15 , 1783 . United States Marshal Robert Forsyth was a member of Lee ' s Legion .
Blakely rifle A Blakely rifle is one of a series of muzzle - loading rifled cannon design by British army officer , Captain Theophilus Alexander Blakely . They were widely sold outside of the British army , and were best known for their use by the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . History . Blakely tried to interest the British government in his designs but without success . His designs involved a cast - iron core with wrought - iron or steel banding to reinforce the breech . The design is similar to that of the Armstrong gun s of Sir William George Armstrong . Blakely believed that Armstrong had infringed upon his patents , so when Armstrong became superintendent of the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich , Blakely stopped offering his designs to the British Army . Blakely instead started selling cannons of his design to the Confederate States of America . He did not actually manufacture the guns , but rather contracted out the manufacturing to such companies as Fawcett , Preston , & Company of Liverpool , Vavasseur of London , George Forrester and Company of Liverpool , Low Moor Iron Company , and the Blakely Ordnance Company of London , in which he may have had an interest . In all , the cannon foundries produced some 400 guns to Blakely ' s design , most being made of iron . Blakely also sold some guns to Russia , and apparently Massachusetts bought eight 9 - inch and four 11 - inch models . Because Blakely continued to experiment with designs , there are at least five and possibly ten different designs , many of which came in several variants . There were at least nine varieties of 3 . 5 - inch 12 - pounder rifles . The two primary rifling types appear to have involved flat - sided bores or bores with grooves cut in them into which flanges on the shells would fit . Variations . The foundries manufactured Blakely rifles in 2 . 5 - inch ( 6 - pounder ) , 2 . 9 - inch , 3 . 5 - inch ( 12 - pounder ) , 3 . 75 - inch ( 16 - pounder ) , 4 - inch ( 18 - pounder ) , 4 . 5 - inch ( 20 - pounder ) , 6 . 4 - inch ( 100 - pounder ) , 7 - inch ( 120 - pounder ) , 7 . 5 - inch ( 150 - pounder ) , 8 - inch ( 200 - pounder ) , 9 - inch ( 250 - pounder ) , 11 - inch and 12 . 75 - inch ( 450 - pounder shells or 650 - pound solid shot ) bores . One famous Blakely rifle was " The Widow Blakely " , a 7 . 5 - inch rifle that the Confederates used during their defense of Vicksburg , Mississippi , in 1863 . On May 22 , 1863 , a shell exploded while in the gun ' s barrel while the widow was firing at a Union gunboat . The explosion only took part of the end of the muzzle off . The Confederates cut what had been a 124 - inch - long barrel back to 100 inches and continued to use the rifle as a mortar until Vicksburg fell .