naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
30th Brigade ( Australia ) The 30th Brigade was a brigade - sized infantry unit of the Australian Army . Formed in December 1941 , as part of the Militia , the unit was raised for service during the Second World War . Sent to New Guinea in early March 1942 , the brigade initially provided garrison troops to Port Moresby before later taking part in the fighting along the Kokoda Track and at Buna and Gona . In 1943 it was withdrawn back to Australia and was disbanded in July 1943 . History . The brigade was formed in December 1941 in response to Japan ' s entry into the war . From the outset it was formed for the purpose of garrisoning Port Moresby , and indeed one of its battalions , the 49th Battalion , a Militia unit from Queensland , had been deployed to New Guinea as early as March 1941 . Following the attacks on Pearl Harbor and Malaya , however , the decision was made to boost the force around Port Moresby up to a brigade - group sized force and as a result the 30th Brigade was formed . The units selected to join the 49th were the 39th Battalion from Victoria and the 53rd Battalion from New South Wales . On 3 January 1942 , these units were deployed to New Guinea arriving on the troopship RMS " Aquitania " . After the Japanese landings at Buna , the 39th Battalion was sent to Kokoda to provide a blocking force . During the Kokoda Track campaign , the brigade was sent up the Kokoda Track . After heavy fighting the brigade was relieved by the 21st Brigade and 25th Brigade . In October 1942 the 53rd Battalion was amalgamated with the 55th Battalion to form the 55th / 53rd Battalion . After this , the brigade undertook garrison duties and further training in Port Moresby before taking part in the liberation of Gona and Sanananda during the Battle of Buna – Gona . It was committed to the fighting in December 1942 when the 39th Battalion was dispatched to Gona , and the 49th and 55th / 53rd Battalions reinforced the Australian units that were fighting around Sanananda . In early 1943 the brigade was brought back to Australia for reorganisation . During this time , the 3rd Battalion was added to its order of battle . Based on the Atherton Tablelands in Queensland , the brigade was brought back up to establishment and was transferred to the 6th Division , with a view to participating in further operations in New Guinea , however it was decided to disband the brigade and it was disbanded on 3 July .
Guillaume de Chartres Guillaume de Chartres ( Guillielmus de Carnoto , Willemus de Carnoto ) was a grand master of the Knights Templar 1210 – 26 August 1218 . He was the son of Nilon III , the Count of Bar - sur - Seine . In 1210 , he assisted at the coronation of Jean de Brienne as King of Jerusalem . In 1211 , he arbitrated between Leo I of Armenia and the Templars , regarding the castle of Bagras . During his rule , the order flourished in Spain , achieving important victories against the Moors . He had contact with the Mongols under Genghis Khan and was accused of treason as a result . Guillaume died in 1219 of pestilence , ( possibly endemic typhus ) , as a consequence of being wounded during the siege of Damietta , in Seborga in the Holy Land .
Small Box Girder The Small Box Girder bridge ( SBG ) was a small assault bridge that could be used to span gaps of up to 30 feet . It was carried on a tank , a Churchill AVRE or something similar , and could be deployed without engineers having to expose themselves to enemy fire . The SBG was used during the Normandy invasion of World War II ( 1944 – 5 ) .
Battle of Punitz The Battle of Punitz took place on October 28 , 1704 in Punitz ( Poniec ) , Poland , during the Great Northern War . The Swedish Army under Charles XII unsuccessfully tried to dislodge the Saxon Army under Johann Matthias von der Schulenburg through several cavalry charges . The Saxons had deployed in a massive square formation near the village of Janitz , west of Punitz .
2nd Mountain Brigade ( Poland ) 2nd Mountain Brigade ( 2 . Brygada Gorska ) was a unit of the Polish Army , which took part in the Polish September Campaign . Commanded by Colonel Aleksander Stawarz , it was part of Operational Group " Jasło " of Army Karpaty . Its purpose was to defend a 80 - kilometer section of Polish - Slovakian border , from Czorsztyn to the Beskid Mountain Pass . Facing the Poles to the south , in Slovakia , were two German Mountain Divisions and one Slovakian division , which would attack north , along valleys of the Dunajec and the Biała rivers . In the morning of 1 September 1939 , 2nd Mountain Brigade was attacked both by the Slovaks ( in the area of Mniszek ) and the Wehrmacht ( in the area of Spisz ) . Slovak units did not succeed , but the Germans managed to capture such towns as Zakopane , Czorsztyn and Szczawnica . Thus , the Brigade was forced to retreat north , fighting continuously along the way . In the morning of 5 September , units of the Brigade were located in Nowy Sącz . In the chaotic retreat , commanders did not cooperate with each other and chaos ensued . Soon afterwards , the Germans , taking advantage of the situation , captured Nowy Sącz , together with bridges , which Polish troops had not destroyed in time . The Brigade withdrew to Gorlice and on 8 September - to Krosno . When tired soldiers recuperated , German motorized troops suddenly entered the city , capturing most of PFC ' s and officers . Thus , the Brigade ceased to exist , its remnants withdrew towards Brzozów and Bircza , fighting several skirmishes with advancing Wehrmacht .
Mike Troy Michael Francis Troy ( born October 3 , 1940 ) is an American former competition swimmer , a two - time Olympic champion , and former world record - holder in three events . The peak of Troy ' s swimming career occurred between 1959 and 1960 while he was coached by Doc Counsilman of the Indiana Hoosiers swimming and diving team at Indiana University . At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome , Italy , he won his first gold medal as a member of the winning U . S . team in the men ' s 4x200 - meter freestyle relay . Individually , he won a second gold with his first - place finish in the men ' s 200 - meter butterfly — his signature event . Troy broke the world record in the 200 - meter butterfly five consecutive times before it was taken over by fellow American swimmer Carl Robie in 1961 . After college , Troy became a U . S . naval officer and completed Basic Underwater Demolition / SEALs ( BUD / S ) training . He was later decorated with the Silver Star award for his combat service during the Vietnam War . < br >
Brown General Hospital Brown General Hospital was a military medical facility erected by the Union Army in Louisville , Kentucky , during the American Civil War . It was the largest of six general military hospitals scattered throughout the city . Army s administered the hospital , aided by civilian agencies such as the United States Sanitary Commission and the U . S . Christian Commission . The sprawling hospital was located near the Belknap campus of the University of Louisville , not far away from Fort McPherson . At times , especially in late 1864 through the end of the war , it housed more than a thousand patients . Conditions were often crowded , with insufficient medical staff ( particularly surgeons and nurses ) to fully treat the sick and wounded . A large number of ill soldiers from the Atlanta Campaign and other operations in the South were transported to Brown General Hospital for treatment ; several died and were buried in a small cemetery adjoining the medical complex . Others were interred in Cave Hill Cemetery . Brown became known as a leading regional center for the treatment of opthalmolic disorders , with Dr . Charles Porter Hart as chief eye surgeon . English - born Major Blencowe E . Fryer was in charge of the facility from June 1863 until June 1865 . Brown remained operational for more than a year after the war , when the army finally closed it and transferred the last remaining patients to other sites .
Canım Hoca Mehmed Pasha Canım Hoca Mehmed Pasha was an 18th - century Ottoman admiral , who served three times as " Kapudan Pasha " ( high admiral of the Ottoman Navy ) . Originally a Muslim from the fortress town of Koroni in the southwestern Peloponnese ( in southern Greece ) , Canım Hoca Mehmed was captured by the Venetians during the Morean War ( 1684 – 1699 ) and served seven years as a galley slave in the Venetian fleet , until ransomed for 100 gold ducat s . He entered his first term as " Kapudan Pasha " in December 1714 , upon the outbreak of the war with Venice . He distinguished himself in this war through the capture of Tinos , as well as for his humane treatment of the Venetian captives in the Morea , in stark contrast to the brutal behaviour of the Grand Vizier , Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha . In summer 1716 , he led the Ottoman fleet in the failed attempt to capture Corfu , the chief of the Ionian Islands , then under Venetian rule . Dismissed from his post in February 1717 , he regained it for a few days in 1730 , and became once more " Kapudan Pasha " in 1732 , holding the post until 1736 .
Albert Achard Albert Achard ( March 26 , 1894 – August 21 , 1972 ) was a World War I flying ace . Born in Briançon in France , Achard scored 1 victory as an observer and 4 victories as a pilot before being wounded in action on July 24 , 1918 .
Demarcation line A demarcation line means simply a boundary around a specific area , but is commonly used to denote a temporary geopolitical border , often agreed upon as part of an armistice or ceasefire . See the following examples : The demarcation line is drawn in VLSI chip design to separate p - channel to n - channel
Thomas Ricketts Thomas " Tommy " Ricketts VC ( April 15 , 1901 – February 10 , 1967 ) was a Newfoundlander and recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He is the youngest army recipient in a combatant role , the two younger recipients being 15 - year - olds Hospital Apprentice Andrew Fitzgibbon and Drummer Thomas Flinn ( who despite strictly being a non - combatant , received his VC for hand - to - hand combat during the Indian Mutiny ) . The youngest naval recipient is Jack Cornwell , who was 16 . Victoria Cross . Ricketts , who was 17 years old and a private in the 1st Battalion , Royal Newfoundland Regiment during the First World War , performed the following on October 14 , 1918 , for which he was awarded the VC : After the war . After the war , Ricketts studied Pharmacy , and opened a business on Water Street in St . John ' s . He was given a state funeral when he died in 1967 , and is commemorated by a memorial on the former site of his pharmacy . Ricketts is buried at the Anglican Cemetery , Forest Road , St . John ' s , Newfoundland , Canada . Ricketts ' medals are on display at the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . Ricketts is sometimes erroneously considered a Canadian soldier , because the Newfoundland was a self - governing dominion during World War I and did not become a Province of Canada until 1949 . Tributes . A play based on the life of Thomas Ricketts , entitled " The Known Soldier " , was written by Jeff Pitcher and first performed by Rising Tide Theatre in Newfoundland in 1982 . It toured the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in 2006 .
Military badges of the United States Military badges of the United States are awards authorized by the United States armed forces that signify rating , qualification , or accomplishment in several career fields , and also serve as identification devices for personnel occupying certain assignments . Personal recognition is granted to service members by a number of awards and decorations . Together with military decorations , such badges are authorized for wear on military uniforms . Each of the five military services maintains a separate series of badges that may be awarded to service members . Various regulations exist on how badges are displayed , how many may be worn at one time , and whether or not such badges may be worn on the uniform of more than one branch of service . There are six general categories of United States military badges : In addition to those badges currently authorized , there are a number of obsolete badges that have been phased out of the U . S . armed forces and no longer appear on U . S . award precedence charts .
Terre Haute Ordnance Depot The Terre Haute Ordnance Depot was a World War II - era U . S . supply depot located in Terre Haute , Indiana . History . Construction on the Terre Haute Ordnance Depot began on June 4 , 1942 . It was one of two ordnance depots activated in Vigo County , Indiana that year . The depot was completed on December 4 , 1942 at a cost of $ 5 . 6 million . Terre Haute Ordnance Depot was located on east of Fruitridge Avenue in Terre Haute , Indiana . Mission . The Terre Haute Ordnance Depot was mostly a warehouse complex engaged in various activities . The work at Terre Haute included storing spare parts , repairing transport vehicles , and shipping supplies to other military installations .
Raiymbek Batyr Raiymbek Batyr was a famous Kazakh warrior from the 18th century . ' Batyr ' is an honorific term meaning hero in the Khazakh language , his given name being Raiymbek . He actively resisted the Dzungar invasion of Kazakh territories and played a major role in liberating the Kazakhs from Dzungar rule . He was the grandson of a diplomat , and prevailed on the Russian czarina Anna Ivanovna asking for protection from the Dzungars , one of the Oirat ( West Mongolian ) tribes that were the last remnants of the Mongol horse archer empire . He was instrumental in bringing the senior juz into a closer relationship with Russia . He is the subject of a two - volume historical novel bearing his name . His name is commonly given to public features in Kazakhstan such as streets and mosques .
Innerwick Castle Innerwick Castle is a ruined castle in East Lothian , Scotland , near the village of Innerwick , from Dunbar , on the Thornton Burn , and overlooking Thornton Glen . The castle , built in the 14th century on " the edge of a precipitous glen " , was a stronghold of the Stewart s and of the Hamilton family . It was extended several times , but was captured and destroyed by Edward Seymour , 1st Duke of Somerset in 1548 . Both Innerwick and Thornton castles had been of strategic importance for guarding routes from the south . Innerwick Castle stands within the Barony of Innerwick . The most recent Baron of Innerwick was Colonel Victor Charles Vereker Cowley of Crowhill ( 1918 – 2008 ) . Currently , Thornton Glen is part of the Crowhill Estate and is managed by the Scottish Wildlife Trust . The glen is considered important for the presence of ferns that are rare in Scotland . The remains of the castle are on top of a crag which is popular with climbers .
Herbert Rowley Air Commodore Herbert Victor Rowley ( 24 October 1897 – 9 April 1966 ) began his military career during World War I . He became a flying ace while in the Royal Naval Air Service and became a member of the Royal Air Force when the RNAS was consolidated into it . Rowley remained in the RAF postwar , rising to the position of Air Commodore during World War II before retiring . Personal life . Herbert Victor Rowley was born in Crich , Derbyshire , England on 24 October 1897 . He died on 9 April 1966 . World War I . Promotions and appointments . 30 April 1916 : commissioned as temporary Flight Sub - Lieutenant in the Royal Naval Air Service 24 August 1916 : qualified for Royal Aero Club Certificate no . 3569 Late 1917 : appointed Flight Commander 1 October 1917 : promoted to temporary Flight Lieutenant 1 April 1918 : appointed Captain upon formation of Royal Air Force Duty assignments . February 1917 : pilot , No . 1 Naval Squadron RNAS List of aerial victories . See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Post World War I . Promotions and appointments . 1 August 1919 : permanently commissioned as a Lieutenant ; appointed Flying Officer 30 June 1922 : promoted to Flight Lieutenant 5 November 1930 : promoted to Squadron Leader 1 January 1937 : promoted to Wing Commander Duty assignments . 1920 : Air Staff Duty , Headquarters No . 3 Group RAF 15 August 1921 : Pilot , No . 25 Squadron RAF 3 November 1922 : Officer , No . 5 Armoured Car Company RAF 19 January 1924 : Flight Commander , No . 84 Squadron RAF 17 January 1925 : Flight Commander , No . 47 Squadron RAF October – November 1925 : participant in Arthur Coningham ' s pioneering flight from Helwan , Egypt to Kaduna , Nigeria 1 June 1926 : Staff duty 1 May 1927 : Supernumerary due to illness , RAF Depot 18 July 1927 : Engineering Officer , RAF College 15 December 1930 : Officer Commanding , No . 56 Squadron RAF 18 January 1932 : Began attendance at RAF Staff College , Andover 17 January 1933 : Air Staff duty , Headquarters Iraq Command World War II and beyond . Promotions and appointments . 28 December 1939 : appointed acting Group Captain 1 March 1940 : appointed temporary Group Captain 14 April 1942 : appointed Group Captain ( with seniority from 1 March 1940 ) 1 November 1942 : appointed temporary Air Commodore Duty assignments . 1 February 1941 : Group Captain , Headquarters No . 12 Group RAF 3 December 1941 : Senior Air Staff Officer , Headquarters , No . 10 Group RAF 1 May 1943 : Air Officer Commanding , No . 221 Group RAF 26 October 1944 : Retired as Air Commodore
Chateaudun - du - Rhumel Airfield Chateaudun - du - Rhumel ( Chateaudun Du Rhumel ) Airfield is an abandoned military airfield in Algeria , located about 6 km north - northwest of Chelghoum el Aid , in Mila province , about 47 km southwest of Constantine . During World War II it was used by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force during the North African Campaign against the German Afrika Korps . The airfield was built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers , and its primary use was that of a heavy bomber airfield , with concrete runways , hardstands and taxiways . Billeting and support facilities consisted of tents . The 2d Bomb Group and the 97th Bomb Group were the primary tenants at the airfield , both flying B - 17 Flying Fortress es missions over targets in Italy ; Tunisia ; Sicily and Sardinia . The 1st Fighter Group flew escort for the Fortresses , as well as attacking enemy ground targets of opportunity . Known units assigned to the airfield were : When the Americans moved out in late 1943 , the airfield was dismantled and abandoned . Today , there is almost no evidence of its existence , as the land has returned to agricultural use . Faint outlines of dispersal pads , runways and taxiways can be seen in aerial photography , and there may be a number of agricultural buildings on a former concreted aircraft parking / maintenance area to the south of the field .
Finnish escort Aura II Aura II ( formerly known as SS " Halland " , " Bore II " , SS " Seagull " and SS " Aura " ) was a Finnish escort vessel , and a former presidential yacht , operated by the Finnish Navy between 1939 and 1940 . The ship participated in the Winter War . The ship was originally constructed as the passenger vessel SS " Halland " . She was renamed into " Bore II " during a sejour with another shipping company . She was bought in 1930 by the Finnish businessman Hans von Rettig , who rebuilt the ship into a luxurious yacht , and renamed her SS " Seagull " . He donated the ship to the Finnish state in 1936 , to be used as a presidential yacht . She was then given the name SS " Aura " . She was taken over by the Finnish Navy when the Winter War erupted in 1939 , and since the name " Aura " already was taken by another vessel , she was given a new name , SS " Aura II " . The last mission . On 13 January 1940 , " Aura II " was escorting a convoy across the Sea of Åland . The small convoy consisted of the cargo vessels SS " Anneberg " , SS " Hebe " and the passenger vessel SS " Bore I " . When they passed Märket Island , the escort vessel " Tursas " noticed torpedo tracks in the water . Soon thereafter a submarine submerged 300 m on the port side . " Tursas " sounded the alarm and tried to ram the Soviet submarine . " Aura II " followed and dropped three depth charges , and soon an oil slick was seen on the water surface . It was the Soviet submarine ShCh - 324 , which had been trying to sink the largest of the transport vessels " Anneberg " . However , the torpedo went between " Anneberg " and " Hebe " . Seeing the oil slick , " Aura II " decided to finish off the submarine . Two more depth charges were fired , but a third depth charge exploded in its thrower . The 135 kg trotyl charge completely tearing the wooden ship apart . 26 men died and 15 were saved . The ship ' s commander , Lieutenant Esra Terä , was mortally wounded , but managed to utter some last words : " Let us sing , boys " . The Soviet submarine managed to return to its home base . The wreck of " Aura II " is located at the Finnish - Swedish border , north of Märket Island , at 60° 23 ' N , 19° 10 ' E .
Operation Game Warden Operation Game Warden , Task force 116 , was an operation to deny Viet Cong access to the resources in the Mekong Delta which was conceived of in December 1965 . U . S . naval forces , backed by Marine artillery on the ground , launching a rapid surprise attack on the dozens of small Viet Cong ports which were scattered around the Delta . Unprepared in the face of intense U . S . firepower , which included U . S . F - 4 Phantoms dropping special illumination bombs which blinded the Viet Cong deck gunners , leaving to them being unable to accurately return fire on the attacking U . S . craft , the Viet Cong were incapable of mounting a stiff resistance . Much the Viet Cong fleet and its operators were destroyed . History . The U . S . navy had been steadily consolidating its forces around the Delta for months , assembling several new special test weapons , which the naval commanders were anxious to use .
Princeps Prior Princeps Prior was a high ranking Roman Centurion . Each of the ten cohorts , that made up a Legion , had at its head the rank of Pilus Prior followed by the " princeps prior " . History . The position reflects the Roman Republic tradition of arranging the Legion into three lines : the " pilani " , the " principes " and the " hastati " . During the Republic , the Princeps Prior was the Centurion in command of a " manipulus " ( unit of two centuries ) of " principes " ( legionary heavy infantry ) . See also . Fields , Nic ( 2009 ) . Volume 37 of Battle Orders : " The Roman Army of the Principate 27 BC - AD 117 " . Osprey Publishing . pp34 . ISBN 1 - 84603 - 386 - 1 .