naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ergänzungs - Jagdgruppe Ost Ergänzungs - Jagdgruppe Ost ( EJGr Ost ) was a fighter pilot training unit of the German Luftwaffe in World War II . It was formed on 27 January 1942 in Krakau and renamed Jagdgruppe Ost ( JGr Ost ) on 25 November 1942 . Its main purpose was to provide specialized training for new fighter pilots destined for the Eastern Front . Training was provided by experienced Eastern Front veterans , who were rotated in and out of this unit .
Friedrich - Erdmann von Hake Friedrich - Erdmann von Hake ( 14 August 1898 – 22 March 1982 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 13 . Panzer - Division . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Edwin L . Elwood Edwin L . Elwood ( 1847 – September 13 , 1907 ) was an American soldier in the U . S . Army who served with the 8th U . S . Cavalry during the Indian Wars . He took part in campaigns against Cochise and the Apache Indians in the Arizona Territory in the late - 1860s and was one of thirty - two men received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the fighting in the Chiricahua Mountains , known as the " Campaign of the Rocky Mesa " , on October 20 , 1869 . Biography . Edwin L . Elwood was born in St . Louis , Missouri , in 1847 . He later moved to San Jose , California , where he enlisted in the U . S . Army . He was sent to the Arizona Territory for frontier duty with the 8th U . S . Cavalry and took part in the Apache Wars . Elwood was among the soldiers under Lieutenant William H . Winters who pursued Cochise and the Apache Indians following the massacre of stage coach passengers en route to Tucson , and an attack on a group of cowboys in the Sulphur Springs Valley , on October 5 , 1868 . The cavalrymen finally confronted Cochise at his stronghold in the Chiricahua Mountains , in what would become known as the " Campaign of the Rocky Mesa " , on October 20 , 1869 . Elwood was shot in the right side of his chest while battling the Apaches but recovered from his injuries . He was cited for " gallantry in action " in this engagement and was among the 32 members of the 1st and 8th U . S . Cavalry who received the Medal of Honor on February 14 , 1870 . Elwood died in Santa Fe , New Mexico , on September 13 , 1907 , at the age of 60 . He was interred at the Santa Fe National Cemetery . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , Company G , 8th U . S . Cavalry . Place and date : At Chiricahua Mountains , Ariz . , 20 October 1869 . Entered service at : California . Birth : St . Louis , Mo . Date of issue : 14 February 1870 . Citation : Gallantry in action .
Clerk of the Ordnance The Clerk of the Ordnance was a subordinate of the Master - General of the Ordnance and a member of the Board of Ordnance from its constitution in 1597 . He was responsible for the correspondence and for the financial bookkeeping of the Board . The office was abolished in 1857 . bef . 1660 : Thomas Nicholls
127th SS - Standarte The 127th SS - Standarte was the last Allgemeine - SS regiment established by Nazi Germany before the defeat of the Axis powers during World War II . The unit was established on December 1 , 1944 in Oslo and was used as a German liaison office for both Germanic - SS units and Waffen - SS foreign legion commands operating out of Norway . The only commander of the 127th SS - Standarte was SS - Oberführer Erdmann Skudlarek . The command was disbanded upon the German surrender on May 8 , 1945 .
French ship Jean Bart ( 1852 ) The Jean Bart was a 90 - gun " Suffren " class ship of the line of the French Navy , named in honour of Jean Bart . She took part in the Siege of Sevastopol ( 1854 – 1855 ) and the Battle of Kinburn ( 1855 ) . In 1856 , she was fitted with a steam engine . From 1864 , she was used as a training ship . She was renamed to " Donawerth " in September 1868 , and was finally scrapped as " Cyclope " in 1886 .
5th Kansas Militia Infantry Regiment The 5th Kansas Militia Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 5th Kansas Militia Infantry was called into service on October 9 , 1864 . It was disbanded on October 29 , 1864 . Detailed service . The unit was called into service to defend Kansas against Major General Sterling Price ' s raid . The regiment saw action at Byram ' s Ford , Big Blue , October 22 . Westport October 23 . Mine Creek , Little Osage River , Marias des Cygnes , October 25 . Newtonia October 28 .
Neville Elliott - Cooper Lieutenant - Colonel Neville Bowes Elliott - Cooper VC DSO MC ( 22 January 1889 – 11 February 1918 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Elliott - Cooper was born in January 1889 in London , the youngest son of Sir Robert Elliott - Cooper , K . C . B . He was educated at Eton College and Sandhurst Military Academy . When he was 28 years old , and a Temporary Lieutenant Colonel commanding the 8th Battalion , The Royal Fusiliers , British Army , he was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on 30 November 1917 east of La Vacquerie , near Cambrai , France during the Battle of Cambrai . Citation . He died of his wounds whilst a prisoner of war on 11 February 1918 in Hannover , Germany . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Fusiliers Museum , Tower of London , England .
Rb 05 The Rb 05A is a short - range air - to - surface missile that was developed in the 1960s by the Swedish company Saab - Scania , Missiles and Electronics . History . The Rb 05A was developed as an air - to - surface missile for the AJ 37 Viggen in the late 1960s . The supersonic speed was deemed necessary to reduce the threat of surface - to - air missiles . The missile would usually be launched after a high - speed attack run on very low altitude and climb to 400m for launch . The aircraft would immediately descend again and the pilot guiding the missile optically with a joystick . Guidance commands are transmitted via a microwave transmission link . Tracking flares on the missile aid the pilot in guiding the missile on target . It was later discovered that the missile was effective in air - to - air against non - maneuvering aircraft as well . A TV - guided variant Rb 05B was proposed to the Swedish Air Force in the early 1970s , but was turned down in favor of the AGM - 65 Maverick / Rb 75 instead . Similar missiles . < br >
Type 4 20 cm Rocket Launcher The was a 203 mm rocket mortar used by the Imperial Japanese Army in the final stages of World War II . Development and design . The Type 4 rocket mortar was developed in the final stages of World War II by the Japanese Army Technical Bureau , as a low - cost , easy to produce weapon , which had an advantage of greater accuracy over conventional mortars in that it fired spin - stabilized projectiles . The first units were deployed in 1943 , and were used successfully in combat during the Battle of Iwo Jima and Battle of Okinawa . Due to its ease of construction and portability , the Type 4 was produced in large numbers and distributed to hidden arsenals for use as last - ditch weapons during the projected Allied invasion of the Japanese home islands . Although the weapon came with a standard mortar tube with tripod mounting , if necessary , the rocket - propelled round could be launched from an ordinary pipe or culvert with sufficient diameter , wooden rails , or even directly from a slope in the ground .
Air Force Distinguished Service Medal The Air Force Distinguished Service Medal was created by an act of the United States Congress on July 6 , 1960 . The medal was intended as a new decoration of the United States Air Force to replace the policy of awarding the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Air Force personnel . The Air Force Distinguished Service Medal is awarded to any member of the United States Air Force who has distinguished himself or herself by exceptionally meritorious service to the United States Government in a duty of great responsibility . The interpretation of the phrase " great responsibility " means that this medal is generally awarded only to officers who hold at least the rank of Major General . However , as is customary for most military decorations , the requirements for the Distinguished Service Medal are interpreted more liberally when awarded upon retirement . As a result , it is the typical decoration for a retiring Brigadier General , and in recent years it has also been awarded to the Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force upon retirement . Cases of the award of this decoration to an individual who was not a general officer , or the Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force , are unusual . The medal is typically awarded to senior Air Force generals . Two notable exceptions are astronauts Buzz Aldrin who was awarded this decoration even though he retired as a colonel and David Scott ( Gemini 8 , Apollo 9 , adn Apollo 15 ) who was awarded this award twice . The first recipient of the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal was Major General Osmond J . Ritland , USAF , who received his medal on November 30 , 1965 upon his retirement . Additional awards are denoted with oak leaf cluster s . This award is comparable to the Department of the Air Force Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service given to civilian employees of the Department of the Air Force .
Battle of Koprukoy The Battle of Koprukoy was part of the Caucasus Campaign during World War I between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire , and occurred as the Russians were advancing to Erzurum . The Russians achieved total surprise and broke through the Ottoman defenses , sending the Third Army retreating towards Erzurum . The Third Army was well positioned . There were two lines of defenses , carefully positioned to take advantage of the terrain , with wire obstacles to impede the attackers covered by machine guns backed up by artillery . The weakness of the position was a lack of reserves to deal with a break - through by the Russian Army . The Russians had good information about the nature of the Ottoman defenses , including the lack of reserves . General Yudenich decided to break through at the boundary between the northern and central sectors of their line , near the Cakir - baba ridge . With great secrecy the 4th Caucasian Rifle Division was positioned to make the decisive attack . The Russian plan started with a number of diversionary attacks that tied down Ottoman troops and local reserves on January 10 , 1916 . Those attacks often suffered high casualties but accomplished their goal . After several days of fighting the Ottoman commander , Abdul Kerim Pasha , moved his only reserve , the 17th Division , to what he thought was the Russian main attack . The Ottomans launched their counterattack on January 13 . At four o ' clock that day , with artillery fire from the 34h Division , the 102nd Regiment captured Sansor Tepe . It was to continue the battle with the 28th Division of the IXth Corps and the 18th and 34th Divisions of the XIth Corps . The 33rd Division was to advance from the south of the Aras river and then turn north , cross the river , and suddenly attack the Russian front . However , on January 14 Yudenich launched his attacks near the Cakir - baba ridge . Most Ottoman forces were out of position to stop it . Against heavy resistance and very bad weather the Russians advanced . By January 15 , they were on the verge of breaking through . Yudenich , anticipating it , sent the Siberian Cossacks to that sector , as they were the only horsed unit that could operate in such weather . However , on the night of the 16th - 17th the Ottomans withdrew . The Siberian Cossacks did annihilate the rear guard , but most of the Ottomans withdrew into the Erzurum fortress to the west . The Third Army had lost about 20 , 000 out of the 65 , 000 soldiers it had started the battle with . The Russian Army lost about 10 , 000 and 2 , 000 more with severe frostbite out of 75 , 000 .
Richard Lane - Poole Vice Admiral Sir Richard Hayden Owen Lane - Poole KBE , CB ( 1 April 1883 – 1971 ) was a senior officer in the Royal Navy . He was the Rear Admiral Commanding His Majesty ' s Australian Squadron between 20 April 1936 and 21 April 1938 . Biography . He joined the Royal Navy on 15 January 1898 as a Cadet . He was promoted to Midshipman on 15 May 1899 , Sub - Lieutenant on 15 June 1902 , Lieutenant on 15 September 1904 , Lieutenant - Commander on 15 September 1912 and Commander on 30 June 1916 . Between 1919 and 1920 he was stationed at the Mining School at Portsmouth . He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire for valuable services to mine laying operations during World War I . He served aboard in 1922 and was promoted to Captain on 30 June 1923 . He served as the Captain of the Royal Australian Naval College at Jervis Bay , Australia between April 1924 and April 1927 . In 1929 - 31 he was captain of the Royal Navy College at Greenwich and later commanded the Royal Navy Barracks at Devonport . He was promoted to Rear - Admiral on 8 May 1935 and was appointed to command His Majesty ' s Australian Squadron between 20 April 1936 and 21 April 1938 . On 26 June 1936 he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath . He was later promoted to Vice - Admiral on 11 January 1939 and placed on the retired list . During World War II he came out of retirement and served as commodore of convoys and director of demagnetization . On 1 January 1944 he was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire .
Harry Goonatilake Air Chief Marshal W . D . Harry Goonetileke USP , ndc , psc , SLAF ( November 27 , 1929 – April 11 , 2008 ) was the fifth Commander of the Sri Lanka Air Force from November 1 , 1976 to April 30 , 1981 . Early life . Born 27 November 1929 , as the only son of a family of five girls , his father was a booking clerk in the Railways Department and became an Assistant Transportation Superintendent at the time of retirement . Educated at Royal College , Colombo and played of the college rugby team , he would continue to play and coach the air force team as well . Career in the Air Force . Harry Goonetileke joined the Royal Ceylon Air Force as a Flight Cadet in 1951 in the first batch of locally trained pilots . He received his flight training in the Chipmunk and Balliol aircraft and earning his Wings in 1954 , and 4 years later in 1958 was promoted to Squadron Leader . He was one the members of a team that flew to UK and back ferrying the RCyAF ' s new de Havilland Heron aircraft to Ceylon . His commands included Commanding Officer No . 2 ( Transport ) Squadron , RCyAF and Commanding Officer of RCyAF China Bay , with responsibility for the Cadet training there . In 1962 he became Station Commander and after further training at Staff College , Wellington he was appointed Director of Operations with responsibility for all flying and ground operations in the Force . In this capacity he played a major role during the 1971 Insurrection . He also began the archival process that led in later years to the formation of the SLAF Museum and contributed greatly to SLAF sports particularly Rugby Football . He was the Chief of Air Staff before being promoted as Commander of the Sri Lanka Air Force on November 1 , 1976 , a post he held till his retirement on April 30 , 1981 . In 2007 he was promoted to the rank of Air Chief Marshal along with 9 other former service commanders . Family life . In 1955 he married Marian Perera and had two sons and two daughters . Both his sons joined the Sri Lanka Air Force , his eldest son Air Marshal Roshan Goonatilake is the current Commander of the Sri Lanka Air Force , his younger son Air Commodore Shirantha Goonatilake RWP , RSP , SLAF was killed in 1995 when the plane he was piloting was shot down by a SAM , to date is the most senior air force officer killed in action . Death . He died on 11 April 2008 . His funeral was held at the General Cemetery Borella , Colombo on 12 April with military honors .
292nd Combat Communications Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 292nd Combat Communications Squadron is a combat communications unit located at Kahului , Hawaii . History . Emblem Significance . The figure of the Hawaiian warrior significantly represents the Hawaii Air National Guard , specifically the 292 CBCS . The barefoot countenance of the warrior signifies the unit ' s mobility . Held in his left hand is a Hawaiian leiomano ( shark tooth war club ) , symbolizing combat mission of the 292 CBCS . The lightning streak held in the right hand as a spear represents communications . Further symbolizing the unit ' s communications background . The globe symbolizes the units worldwide capability and the blue background symbolizes Space , the primary medium in which the Air Force performs its missions . The two stars on the globe represents Air Force and Air National Guard symbolizing the United States " Total Force " philosophy . Overall , the design represents a unit capable of conducting mobile communications in a combat environment .
HMS Sovereign ( S108 ) HMS " Sovereign " was a nuclear - powered fleet submarine of the " Swiftsure " class . Construction . Construction of the boat began on 18 September 1970 ; she was launched on 17 February 1973 , and commissioned on 11 July 1974 . Operational history . In 1976 , " Sovereign " played a role in Operation Brisk ; the submarine surfaced at the geographical North Pole on 20 October 1976 as part of the exercise , testing navigational systems and equipment performance in low temperatures . " Sovereign " underwent an extensive refit in the mid - 1990s and was rededicated in January 1997 . Cracks were discovered in the tailshaft during post - refit sea trials and she was sent to Rosyth for 14 weeks of emergency repairs in June 1998 before returning to Faslane . " Sovereign " was used for the " Perisher " Submarine Command Course in June 1999 as well as other training cruises . She was part of the NATO exercise Linked Seas in May 2000 , operating in the Bay of Biscay . In the early 2000s , " Sovereign " was out of service for some time due to reactor problems , a fault she shared in common with others of her class . Although she was back in full service by July 2005 , the submarine was decommissioned as of September 2006 .
Ankam Ankam ( " combat " in Malayalam language ) is a fight between two professionally Kalari trained warriors at a fixed place and at an appointed time . Ankams were common in medieval Kerala , and usually stopped with the death of one of the warriors . When a dispute arise between two groups of nobles , each side in a dispute would engage warriors to fight for them .
USS Duluth ( CL - 87 ) USS " Duluth " ( CL - 87 ) was a United States Navy light cruiser . She was launched 13 January 1944 by Newport News Shipbuilding , Portsmouth , Virginia ; sponsored by Mrs . E . H . Hatch , wife of the Mayor of Duluth , Minnesota ; and commissioned 18 September 1944 , Captain Donald Roderick Osborn , Jr . , US Naval Academy class of 1920 , in command . Service history . From 14 December 1944 to 2 March 1945 , " Duluth " served as a training cruiser at Newport , Rhode Island . After brief overhaul at Norfolk , she sailed 7 April for the Pacific , arriving at Pearl Harbor 29 April . On 8 May , she got underway to join the 5th Fleet and rendezvoused with the fast carriers on 27 May . Severe structural damage to her bow suffered in a typhoon 5 June forced her to return to Guam for repairs , but she rejoined TF 38 on 21 July to screen during the final air strikes on the Japanese homeland which continued until the end of the war . From 24 August 1945 until she entered Tokyo Bay 16 September , " Duluth " operated with TF 38 which was providing radar picket and combat air patrol for transport aircraft flying occupation forces into Japan . On 1 October , " Duluth " sailed for the United States , arriving at Seattle 19 October for Navy Day celebrations . Based at San Pedro , California , " Duluth " served a tour of duty in the Far East between 3 January and 27 September 1946 , and on 24 February 1947 sailed for an extended visit at Pearl Harbor . Between May and July , she visited Melbourne and Sydney , Australia , Truk , Guam , and Manila . She served again in the Far East , patrolling the China coast , between 22 September 1947 and 19 May 1948 , when she returned to her new home port , Long Beach , California . She carried NROTC midshipmen on a training cruise to British Columbia in the summer of 1948 , and in February 1949 joined in cold - weather operations off Kodiak , Alaska . She was placed out of commission in reserve 25 June 1949 , and sold on 14 November 1960 . Awards . " Duluth " received two battle star s for World War II service .
Gilbert Motier de La Fayette Gilbert Motier de La Fayette , ( 1380 - 22 February 1464 ) Lord of La Fayette , Pontgibaud Ayes , Nébouzac , Saint - Romain and Monteil Gelat was a Marshal of France He was brought up at the court of Louis II , Duke of Bourbon . He served under Marshal Boucicaut in Italy and on his return to France after the evacuation of Genoa in 1409 became seneschal of the Bourbonnais . He was the comrade of Joan of Arc . In the English wars he was with John I , Duke of Bourbon , at the capture of Soubise in 1413 and of Compiègne in 1415 . The duke then made him lieutenant - general in Languedoc and Guienne . He failed to defend Caen and Falaise , for the dauphin ( afterwards Charles VII . ) against Henry V of England in 1417 and 1418 , but in the latter years he held Lyons for some time against Jean , duke of Burgundy . A series of successes over the English and Burgundians on the Loire was rewarded in 1420 with the government of Dauphiné and the office of marshal of France . He commanded the Franco - Scottish troops at the Battle of Baugé in 1422 , though he did not , as has been sometimes stated , slay Thomas , duke of Clarence , with his own hand . In 1424 , he was taken prisoner by the English at the battle of Verneuil , but was released shortly afterwards , and fought with Joan of Arc at the siege of Orléans , and the battle of Patay in 1429 . The marshal had become a member of the grand council of Charles VII , and with the exception of a short disgrace about 1430 , due to the ill - will of Georges de la Trémoille , he retained the royal favour all his life . He took an active part in the army reform initiated by Charles VII , and the establishment of military posts for the suppression of brigandage . His last campaign was against the English in Normandy in 1449 . He died on 23 February 1462 . He was buried in the Abbey of La Chaise - Dieu . Family . He was the son of William Motier La Fayette and Catherine of Peschin . He married Montroignon , and his second wife , Jeanne de Joyeuse , on January 15 , 1423 , daughter of Randon de Joyeuse lord , and Catherine Aubert , lady Monteil Gelat . They had nine children by his second marriage , including :
Department of Defense Historical Advisory Committee Department of Defense Historical Advisory Committee was chartered on 24 Jan 1996 to provide advice to the United States Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments regarding the professional standards , historical methodology , program priorities , liaison with professional groups and institutions , and adequacy of resources connected with the various historical programs and associated activities of the U . S . Department of Defense . The Committee has combined under it the previously separate advisory committees of the separate military departments and created them as advisory sub - committee ' s for each of the military services , reporting to their service secretaries and to the Department of Defense Historical Advisory Committee :