naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Joseph Parle John Joseph Parle ( May 26 , 1920 – July 10 , 1943 ) was a United States Naval Reserve officer and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . Parle was a 1942 ROTC graduate of Creighton University in Omaha , Nebraska . On July 9 , 1943 , Parle was serving as an ensign and was involved in the preparations for the Allied invasion of Sicily . On that day , he noticed a fire aboard a small boat loaded with explosives and ammunition . Knowing that an explosion would alert the defenders on Sicily of the impending invasion , he rushed to put out the fire . Although successful in dousing the flames , he later died of smoke inhalation . Parle , aged 23 at his death , was buried at the Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in his birth city of Omaha , Nebraska . Medal of Honor citation . Ensign Parle ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For valor and courage above and beyond the call of duty as Officer - in - Charge of Small Boats in the during the amphibious assault on the island of Sicily , 9 – 10 July 1943 . Realizing that a detonation of explosives would prematurely disclose to the enemy the assault about to be carried out , and with full knowledge of the peril involved , Ens . Parle unhesitatingly risked his life to extinguish a smoke pot accidentally ignited in a boat carrying charges of high explosives , detonating fuses and ammunition . Undaunted by fire and blinding smoke , he entered the craft , quickly snuffed out a burning fuse , and after failing in his desperate efforts to extinguish the fire pot , finally seized it with both hands and threw it over the side . Although he succumbed a week later from smoke and fumes inhaled , Ens . Parle ' s heroic self - sacrifice prevented grave damage to the ship and personnel and insured the security of a vital mission . He gallantly gave his life in the service of his country .
War Research Service The War Research Service ( WRS ) was a civilian agency of the United States government established during World War II to pursue research relating to biological warfare . Established in May 1942 by Secretary of War Henry L . Stimson , the WRS was embedded in the Federal Security Agency , the federal agency that administered Social Security and other New Deal programs in the administration of President Franklin D . Roosevelt . Headed by George W . Merck , president of the Merck & Co . pharmaceutical firm , the WRS was headquartered at Fort Detrick , Maryland . Being a civilian agency , the WRS was initially tasked to supervise the military Chemical Warfare Service ' s biological program . However , the WRS was disbanded in 1944 , and the weapons research was continued under the exclusive oversight of the CWS .
Gaius Servilius Ahala Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala was a 5th - century BC politician of ancient Rome , considered by many later writers to have been a hero . His fame rested on the contention that he saved Rome from Spurius Maelius in 439 BC by killing him with a dagger concealed under an armpit . This may be less historical fact and more etiological myth , invented to explain the Servilian cognomen " Ahala " / " Axilla " , which means " armpit " and is probably of Etruscan origin . As related by Livy and others , Ahala served as magister equitum in 439 BC , when Cincinnatus was appointed dictator on the supposition that Spurius Maelius was styling himself a king and plotting against the state . During the night on which the dictator was appointed , the capitol and all the strong posts were garrison ed by the partisans of the patricians . In the morning , when the people assembled in the forum , with Spurius Maelius among them , Ahala summoned the latter to appear before the dictator ; and upon Maelius disobeying and taking refuge in the crowd , Ahala rushed into the throng and killed him . This is mentioned by several later writers as an example of ancient Roman heroism , and is frequently referred to by Cicero in terms of the highest admiration ; but was regarded as a case of murder at the time . Ahala was brought to trial , and only escaped condemnation by going into voluntary exile . Livy passes over this , and only mentions that a bill was brought in three years afterwards , in 436 BC , by another Spurius Maelius , a tribune , for confiscating the property of Ahala , but that it failed . A representation of Ahala is given on a coin of Marcus Junius Brutus , the murderer of Julius Caesar , but we cannot suppose it to be anything more than an imaginary likeness . Brutus claimed ( perhaps baselessly ) that he was descended from Lucius Junius Brutus , the first consul , on his father ' s side , and from Ahala on his mother ' s , and thus was sprung from two tyrannicide s . The head of Brutus on the annexed coin is therefore intended to represent the first consul . Plutarch says , in his life of Brutus , that Brutus ' mother Servilia was a descendant of Servilius Ahala , and the ancestral example was an inspiration for his assassination of Julius Caesar .
Pham Quoc Thuan Lieutenant General Pham Quoc Thuan was an officer of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam . He served as the commander of III Corps , which oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital Saigon , from 29 October 1973 until 30 October of the next year , when he was replaced by Lieutenant General Du Quoc Dong .
Mordechai Piron Mordechai Piron or Mordechai Peron ( ) ( born " Egon Pisk " ; 28 December 1921 in Vienna , Austria ) was the second chief military rabbi in the history of the Israel Defense Forces ( IDF ) , after his predecessor , Rabbi Shlomo Goren , created the position in 1948 . Rabbi Piron served in the position from 1969 to 1980 , with a rank of general . Upon his retirement from his IDF position , he relocated to Zürich , to serve till 1992 as rabbi of the Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich , the biggest Jewish congregation in Switzerland . Rabbi Piron has published several books on Jewish philosophy and theology and heads the " Sapir Center for Jewish Education and Culture " in Jerusalem . He is an advocate of interfaith dialogue among world religions and currently chairs " The Israel Jewish Council for Interreligious Relations ( IJCIR ) " , and sits on the board of world religious leaders for " The Elijah Interfaith Institute " . Life and military career . Piron is the only child of Viennese religious Jewish parents of Eastern European origins . He grew up in the Leopoldstadt , and first went to a religious Jewish school and later to the Sperlgymnasium . He left Vienna for Palestine on 28 October 1938 with the Youth Aliyah and joined its agricultural school Mikveh Yisrael . After a year and a half , he enrolled in Yeshiva t Mercaz HaRav Kook , studying under rabbi Zvi Yehuda Kook . In 1946 he married Ahuva Gardi and settled in Jerusalem . In 1952 he was ordained as a rabbi . Piron served in the IDF since 1948 , becoming second - in - command to chief military rabbi Shlomo Goren and succeeding him in 1969 . Controversy . Rabbi Piron officiated at the wedding of Chanoch Langer , whose disputed legitimacy was settled in 1972 with " The Brother and Sister verdict " of Rabbi Goren as chief rabbi of Tel Aviv , a years - long case that made front - page headlines in Israel .
502nd SS Jäger Battalion SS - Jäger - Bataillon 502 ( 502nd SS Hunter Battalion ) was a special forces unit of Nazi Germany from 1943 - 1944 . Formed in June 1943 , the unit was commanded by Otto Skorzeny and was based at Schloß ( castle ) Friedenthal just north of Berlin in Sachsenhausen by Oranienburg , consisting originally of the three hundred members of the former ( Special Unit for special assignments Friedenthal ) SS - Sonderverband z . b . V . Friedenthal ( this was their official name until April 1944 , then it was " SS - Jäger - Bataillon 502 " ) and Sonderlehrgang z . b . V . Oranienburg . After an unsuccessful attempt to train members of an SS penal facility , Skorzeny obtained permission to recruit volunteers from the Wehrmacht , and 100 SS personnel , 50 Luftwaffe and 150 Army personnel were admitted , allowing the formation of a headquarters company and two line companies . An intensive training programme was instituted . In September 1943 , fourteen members of this unit took part in the Gran Sasso raid , which resulted in the rescue of deposed Italian dictator Benito Mussolini . They were later placed on standby for several operations that never took place , including a proposed kidnapping of Philippe Pétain . In February 1944 , a third company was formed from mainly Flemish and Dutch personnel with Hauptsturmführer Hoyer as its commanding officer . In the same month , No . 1 and 2 companies of the battalion went to the Kurmark troop training area for four weeks intensive training , after which they saw combat on the Eastern Front for over a month . On 20 July 1944 , No . 1 Company was deployed in Berlin , briefly occupying the Bendlerblock after the attempted assassination of Adolf Hitler . In August 1944 , fifty members of the unit carried out Operation Landfried in Romania , destroying road and railway bridges in an attempt to delay the Soviet advance . This mission was commanded by Walter Girg . In September 1944 , SS - Jäger - Bataillon 502 was dissolved and its personnel absorbed into a new battalion , SS - Jagdverband Mitte .
USS Monadnock ( BM - 3 ) The second USS " Monadnock " was an iron ‑ hulled , twin ‑ screw , double ‑ turreted monitor of the in the United States Navy which saw service in the Spanish - American War . " Monadnock " was laid down by Phineas Burgess at the Continental Iron Works , Vallejo , California , in 1874 ; launched 19 September 1883 ; completed at Mare Island Navy Yard ; and commissioned there 20 February 1896 , Captain George W . Sumner in command , Lt . Cdr . Edward D . Taussig , executive officer . Service history . After fitting out " Monadnock " served as a unit of the Pacific Squadron along the west coast . During the next two years exercises and training cruises sent her along the Pacific coast from Puget Sound to the Baja California peninsula . After the outbreak of war with Spain , she was ordered to join George Dewey ' s fleet in the Philippines . She departed San Francisco , California on 23 June 1898 , touched at Hawaii early in July , and reached Manila Bay on 16 August . On February 10 , 1899 , several reports indicate the Monadnock participated in the Battle of Caloocan , a town a few miles north of Manila . She also participated in other fighting , such as late February shelling of a city . She operated on blockade duty in the Manila - Marviles - Cavite area , with brief voyages to Hong Kong , until December 1899 . On 26 December , she sailed for Hong Kong and for the next five years , cruised the rivers of China , particularly the Yangtze , and along her coast to protect American interests . Between 27 January and 7 October 1901 , she stood almost continuous duty at the mouth of the Yangtze protecting the foreign settlement at Shanghai , operating similarly on four other occasions : 6 December 1902 to 8 April 1903 ; 18 September 1903 to 10 March 1904 ; and 8 April 1904 to 28 November 1904 . On 3 February 1905 she returned to Cavite . Operating out of Olongapo , she remained in the Philippines , with two interruptions for brief visits to Hong Kong , until decommissioned at Cavite on 10 March 1909 . Recommissioned in reserve 20 April 1911 , she resumed operations out of Olongapo , until placed in full commission 31 January 1912 at Cavite . For the next seven years she cruised with submarines , and towed targets . Decommissioning for the last time 24 March 1919 , her name was struck from the Navy list on 2 February 1923 , and her hull was sold , on the Asiatic Station , 24 August 1923 .
Naval Station Lake Charles Naval Station Lake Charles , is a former United States Navy Naval Station . It was planned for operation in the 1980s during the creation of the Strategic Homeport program under the administration of President Ronald Reagan . It was recommended for closure under the 1988 Base Realignment and Closure Commission , as it was deemed unnecessary with recent cutbacks in the United States Navy .
Louis Bols Lieutenant - General Sir Louis Jean Bols KCB , KCMG , DSO ( 23 November 1867 – 13 September 1930 , Bath ) was born in Cape Town and educated at Lancing College in England . He was a distinguished British military officer . He served as Edmund Allenby ' s Third Army Chief of Staff on the Western front and Sinai and Palestine campaign s of World War I . From June 1919 – June 1920 he served as the Chief Administrator of Palestine , and signed over power to Herbert Samuels , the first British High Commissioner of Palestine , in an often - quoted document :
Edgar Christopher Cookson Lieutenant - Commander Edgar Christopher Cookson VC DSO ( 13 December 1883 – 28 September 1915 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Cookson was born on 13 December 1883 to Capt . W . E . Cookson , R . N . He was 31 years old and a Lieutenant - Commander in the command of HMS " Comet " when his actions , on 28 September 1915 , during the advance on Kut - el - Amara , Mesopotamia earned him the Victoria Cross . He was shot several times by the enemy that day , and died within a few minutes .
Battle of Hastings reenactment The Battle of Hastings reenactment is a yearly reenactment of the Battle of Hastings , held at Battle Abbey in Battle , East Sussex , UK , and drawing participants from around the world . It takes place every year on the weekend nearest 14 October on the site of the historical battle , although is often arranged across the hill rather than up it , to take account of the smaller number of participants and the need for spectators . The event is run by English Heritage , which owns the site , and attended by several thousand people yearly . For many years it was an event for amateur groups of reenactors , but more recently has involved scenes by professional actors . Every five or six years since 1984 it has been the site of major reenactments - 1984 , 1990 , 1995 , 2000 and 2006 . At the 2000 reenactment , called " Hastings 2000 " , about 1000 reenactors on foot , 100 cavalry and between 50 and 100 archers from 16 different countries took part . The 2006 event Hastings 2006 was , for a while , referred to as TNBO , " The Next Big One . " The phrase was coined in 2001 or 2002 by an Australian re - enactor following the event in 2000 when questions began being asked about when ' The Next Big One ' would be held . The 2006 event saw a much larger attendance than in 2000 . A total of 3 , 400 reenactors registered , and about 2 , 400 people took part on each of the two days , watched by a total crowd of about 30 , 000 paying public . As such , it is believed to have been the largest pre - gunpowder reenactment ever held anywhere .
Carleton Island Carleton Island is located in the St Lawrence River in upstate New York . It is part of the Town of Cape Vincent , in Jefferson County . It was the location of Fort Haldimand , controlled by the British during the American Revolution , and of great strategic importance , as well as being a center of shipbuilding . The ruins of the fort can still be seen at the southwest end of the island . Projecting from the location of the fort is Government Point , notched by two small bays . Houses on the island used to be serviced by a ferry running from the island to the village of Cape Vincent , but it is no longer in service . Today many of the residents use their own recreational craft to travel to and from the island . One resident even owns an air boat so he can get to his house in the winter over the ice . History . Originally held by the Iroquois , the first European to take notice of the island was Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix , in 1720 . He called it Isle aux Chevreuils , the Island of Roe Bucks , and wrote in 1721 that its bays could be useful . In 1778 British General Frederick Haldimand ordered a fort built on the island to protect Kingston , Ontario in Canada and as a forward base . The island was renamed Carleton Island after Sir Guy Carleton , who had preceded Haldimand as Governor of the Province of Quebec , and the fort was named after Haldimand . Many ships for the war were built at the island , including the recently discovered HMS " Ontario " . At the close of the war , under the terms of Jay ' s Treaty , the British were supposed to cede Carleton Island along with other forts to the Americans , but in the case of Carleton , never did . During the War of 1812 , Carleton Island was captured without bloodshed by three freelancing Americans . In 1817 , the State Legislature of New York annexed the island to Jefferson County , and granted of its land to the local New York postmaster , one Charles Smyth . The island had been a haven for smugglers , and later that year a Canadian tax collector seized some tobacco from the island . This dispute escalated , and Governor DeWitt Clinton of New York threatened hostilities . Soon Secretary of State John Quincy Adams was called upon to sort the matter out . After contentious negotiations , the island was retained by the United States , becoming the only territorial gain made by either party to the War of 1812 , and was turned over to peaceful pursuits of farming ( now abandoned ) , sport - fishing , and summer tourism . No one lives on the island year - round . Interestingly , the property of Carleton Island includes several submerged parcels of land . In 1986 Paten Corporation and its predecessors obtained the submerged lands of North and South Bay . in addition to the rest of the island .
Friedrich von Arensdorff Friedrich von Arenstorff ( ) ( 1626 – 1689 ) was an officer in Swedish and Danish military service . Military career . Von Arenstorff started his career in the Swedish Army in Poland in 1645 and took part in the siege of Copenhagen in 1660 . In 1661 he went into Danish pay . After his brother Carl von Arenstorff had been wounded , and the king had fled , he commanded the Royal Danish Army at the Battle of Lund in 1676 . It is believed that his formalism cost the Danes the victory . In 1678 he commanded the Danish army in Scania . For disobeying the command to save the trapped Danish army at Kristianstad he was sentenced to death with loss of title , land and property , but reprieved by the King . It is believed that his cruelty towards the civilians of Scania made many of them prefer Swedish rule . In 1688 he was made Supreme Commander of the whole Danish Army .
John Armstrong Drexel John Armstrong Drexel ( October 24 , 1891 – 1958 ) was an American aviation pioneer . With William McArdle , he founded the New Forest Flying School at East Boldre , the second school for pilots in Great Britain and the fifth in the world . On August 12 , 1910 , he set the world altitude record of 6 , 750 feet in a Blériot monoplane . Life . Drexel was the grandson of Anthony Joseph Drexel , millionaire banker and founder of Drexel University . He was also a relative of Katharine Drexel , a nun who was later made a Roman Catholic Saint . During World War I , he flew with the French " Lafayette Escadrille " until 1917 . He was subsequently commissioned Major in the Aviation Section , U . S . Signal Corps , serving until the end of the war in the United States Army Air Service .
Gaius Julius Civilis Gaius Julius Civilis was the leader of the Batavian rebellion against the Romans in 69 . By his nomen , it can be told that he ( or one of his male ancestors ) was made a Roman citizen ( and thus , the tribe a Roman vassal ) by either Augustus or Caligula . He was twice imprisoned on a charge of rebellion , and narrowly escaped execution . During the disturbances that followed the death of Nero , he took up arms under pretence of siding with Vespasian and induced the inhabitants of his native country to rebel . The Batavians , who had rendered valuable aid under the early emperors , had been well treated in order to attach them to the cause of Rome . They were exempt from tribute , but were obliged to supply a large number of men for the army , and the burden of conscription and the oppressions of provincial governors were important incentives to revolt . The Batavians were immediately joined by several neighbouring German tribes , the most important of whom were the Frisii . The Roman garrisons near the Rhine were driven out , and twenty - four ships captured . Two legions under Mummius Lupercus were defeated at Castra Vetera ( near the modern Xanten ) and surrounded . Eight cohorts of Batavian veterans joined their countrymen , and the troops sent by Vespasian to the relief of Vetera threw in their lot with them . The result of these accessions to the forces of Civilis was a rising in Gaul . Hordeonius Flaccus was murdered by his troops ( 70 ) , and the whole of the Roman forces were induced by two commanders of the Gallic auxiliaries — Julius Classicus and Julius Tutor — to revolt from Rome and join Civilis . The whole of Gaul thus practically declared itself independent , and the foundation of a new kingdom of Gaul was contemplated . The prophetess Veleda predicted the complete success of Civilis and the fall of the Roman Empire . But disputes broke out amongst the different tribes and rendered co - operation impossible ; Vespasian , having successfully ended the civil war , called upon Civilis to lay down his arms , and on his refusal resolved to take strong measures for the suppression of the revolt . The arrival of Quintus Petillius Cerialis with a strong force awed the Gauls and mutinous troops into submission ; Civilis was defeated at Augusta Treverorum ( Trier , Trèves ) and Castra Vetera , and forced to withdraw to the island of the Batavians . He finally came to an agreement with Cerialis whereby his countrymen obtained certain advantages , and resumed amicable relations with Rome . From this time Civilis disappears from history .
Battle of Slioch The Battle of Slioch was a minor skirmish in the First War of Scottish Independence . Although the encounter was inconclusive , the domestic enemies of the Scottish King Robert Bruce were unable to stop him from consolidating his rule over Scotland . Background . With his victory against the English at the Battle of Loudoun Hill , Robert Bruce ' s support among the Scots was rising . However , he still had many opponents in Scotland . Foremost among them was John Comyn , Earl of Buchan , whose cousin John III Comyn Bruce had killed . In July 1307 , King Edward I of England died , and his less effectual son Edward II ascended the throne . This gave Bruce the opportunity to deal with his local enemies . After attacking the MacDougalls in Galloway and the MacDougalls in Lorne , he moved north - east towards Buchan ' s base near Inverness . Bruce ' s forces now greatly outnumbered those of Buchan , and his victory appeared certain . However , before reaching battle Bruce was struck ill , forcing him to retreat and rest at Slioch . Skirmish . The Earl of Buchan took advantage of this respite to raise an army and attempt to weaken or drive off Robert Bruce . On Christmas Day Buchan ' s forces reached Slioch , where the royal forces were commanded by Bruce ' s brother Edward . An archery battle ensued , but neither side was able to gain an advantage , and Buchan withdrew . Several days later , Buchan returned , but again found Bruce ' s force too strong and was forced to withdraw . A few months later , Bruce had sufficiently recovered to resume his offensive against his Scottish opponents . He was carried along with his army as they captured some more Scottish castles , and then onwards to Inverurie . There the King of Scotland and John Comyn , Earl of Buchan would finally fight a decisive battle .