naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Tourbillon Castle Tourbillon Castle ( French : Château de Tourbillon ) is a castle in Sion in the canton of Valais in Switzerland . It is situated on a hill and faces the Basilique de Valère , located on the opposite hill . The castle was ruined in a fire in 1788 . History . Tourbillon Castle was built sometime between 1290 and 1308 by the Bishop of Sion , Boniface de Challant , as his principal residence . A large part of the castle was destroyed by the Patriots of the Valais in 1416 . The castle was then rebuilt in 1477 by Bishop Guillaume VI of Raron , wanting to build a chapel and an exterior wall built with battlements . In later centuries , the military importance of the castle decreased , and in 1788 , a gigantic fire in Sion reduced the castle to ashes . Fifteenth - century frescoes in the chapel were damaged but survive .
Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Antiochus IX Eusebes , ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom , was the son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea . Upon the death of his father in Parthia and his uncle Demetrius II Nicator ' s return to power ( 129 BC ) , his mother sent him to Cyzicus on the Bosporus , thus giving him his nickname . He returned to Syria in 116 BC to claim the Seleucid throne from half - brother / cousin Antiochus VIII Grypus , with whom he eventually divided Syria . He was killed in battle by the son of Grypus , Seleucus VI Epiphanes in 96 BC .
PNS Muhafiz PNS " Muhafiz " was an of the Pakistan Navy . It was built by USA for transfer to Pakistan . PNS " Muhafiz " was sunk by a missile from of the Indian Navy during the Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 . Operation Trident . During the Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 , The minesweeper PNS " Muhafiz " was tasked to patrol the approaches to port of Karachi . To do so it was deployed on the inner cordon . Late that evening on 4 December 1971 , around 70 miles south of Karachi , the detected a large Pakistan Navy target , later identified as the " Muhafiz " on patrol to its north . " Veer " launched a single SS - N - 2 " Styx " missile on the target , sinking " Muhafiz " . It was later learned that at 23 : 30 the " Muhafiz " was hit by Styx missiles , and sank in the Indian Ocean at about 23 : 35 . Other vessels of the Indian Navy strike group sank the Pakistan Navy destroyer , and the merchant ship ( carrying navy personnel and ammunition for Pakistan ) , and caused irreparable damage to the destroyer .
Battle of Drashovica The Battle of Drashovica ( ) was a battle of the Albanian Resistance of World War II against Nazi Germany . The battle took place in late 1943 , in the areas of Drashovicë and Mavrovë in south - western Albania in the region of Shushicë . Prelude . After the occupation of the Albanian Kingdom by the Kingdom of Italy in 1939 , several resistance groups were formed . The most important of these groups were Balli Kombëtar ( BK ) , a nationalist organization formed by Mit ' hat Frashëri and Ali Këlcyra and the Albanian National Liberation Front ( ANLF ) , which later became a Communist group led by Mehmet Shehu and Enver Hoxha . After the victorious battle of Gjorm and the establishment of German troops in Albania , many former Italian encampments became German bases , while many Italian soldiers were imprisoned for defection . In the Shushicë valley in the barracks of Drashovicë and Mavrovë the German army had imprisoned about 7 , 000 Italian soldiers guarded by about 3 , 500 soldiers . Battle . The two main leaders of the Albanian troops were Hysni Kapo , general commander of Vlorë area battalions of ANLF and Tasim Murati , commander of the Kaninë forces of BK . ANLF troops , composed of the Ismail Qemali and Halim Xhelo battalions were positioned along the Shushicë river , but their operative headquarters were located east of the river in the village of Kropisht . Balli Kombëtar units were positioned at Mazhar , Lapardha and Vodicë . The battle began when artillery battery of ANLF assaulted the bridge of Drashovicë in order to slow down and cut off reinforcements . After the artillery assault ANLF and BK troops attacked the German troops . The battle lasted about twenty days and in the final stages of the battle the remaining German troops were forced to retreat inside the barracks of Drashovicë and Mavrovë . On October 4 , 1943 the Albanian troops managed to storm the barracks and the prison . During the battle over 3 , 000 German soldiers died , over 200 of them inside the barracks of Drashovicë .
ITAD M - 400 M - 400 UAV was an experimental reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle was designed and built by the Institute of Technology Air Defense by the Vietname se Ministry of Defense . Two M - 400 UAVs were successfully launched in September 2005 after four years of construction with many test flights . The UAV appears to be a small model type propeller driven aircraft . The UAV never entered full service in the Vietnamese People ' s Air Force ( plans were to have 12 built ) and is no longer in service due to lack of GPS to guide the craft and other critical components .
46th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 46th Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It was among scores of regiments that were raised in the summer of 1864 as Hundred Days Men , an effort to augment existing manpower for an all - out push to end the war within 100 days . Service . The 46th Iowa Infantry was organized at Davenport , Iowa , and mustered in for one - hundred days Federal service on June 10 , 1864 , as part of a plan to raise short term regiments for service as rear area garrison duty to release veteran troops for Sherman ' s Atlanta Campaign . The 46th Iowa garrisoned strategic points on the Memphis & Charleston Railroad . The regiment was mustered out at Davenport on September 23 , 1864 . Total strength and casualties . A total of 918 men served in the 46th Iowa at one time or another during its existence . It suffered 6 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 25 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 31 fatalities .
Bergfried A bergfried is a tall tower typically found in medieval castles in German - speaking countries and in countries under German influence . Friar describes it as a " free - standing , fighting - tower " . Its defensive function is to some extent similar to that of a keep or " donjon " in English or French castles . However , the characteristic difference between a bergfried and a keep lies in the fact that a bergfried was typically not designed for permanent habitation . The living quarters of a castle with a bergfried are separate , often in a lower tower called a " palas " . ( An English - style keep combines both functions of habitation and defence . ) Consequently , a bergfried could be built as a tall slender tower with little internal room or vaults and few if any windows . The bergfried served as a watchtower and as a refuge during siege s ( at least if the siege was relatively brief ) . The distinction between a bergfried and a keep is not always clear - cut , as there were thousands of such towers built with many variations . There are some French keeps with only austere living quarters , while some late bergfrieds in Germany were intended to be habitable ( Piper 1900 ) . For maximum protection , the bergfried could be sited in the centre of the castle ward unconnected to the curtain wall . Alternatively , it could be close to the curtain wall on the most vulnerable side as an additional defence , or even project from the curtain wall . For instance , the Marksburg has its bergfried in the centre , and Burg Katz on the side most likely to be attacked . Some castles , such as Münzenberg castle , have two bergfrieds . Outside Germany , the crusader castles of Montfort and Judin built by the Teutonic Knight s had prominent towers that some authors have compared to a bergfried ( Kennedy 2000 , Folda 2005 ) , arguing that these castles depended more on Rhineland than local crusader traditions of military architecture . Eynsford Castle in Kent is a rare English example , where the fighting - tower or " bergfried " is the central element of the design . Etymology . The word ' " bergfried " , sometimes spelled " berchfrit " is cognate with belfry .
137th Indiana Infantry Regiment The 137th Indiana Infantry Regiment served in the Union Army between May 26 and September 21 , 1864 , during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was organized at Indianapolis , Indiana and mustered in on May 26 , 1864 . It was ordered to Tennessee and Alabama for railroad guard duty , until late September 1864 . The regiment was mustered out on September 21 , 1864 . During its service the regiment lost seventeen men to disease .
Medal for Bravery ( 1912 ) Medal for Bravery ( known as " Women ' s Medal " ) founded on 14 November 1912 by King Peter I , was granted to soldiers for acts of great personal courage , or for personal courage demonstrated on the battlefield during the First Balkan War against the Ottoman Empire . The medal is awarded in two degrees ( Gold and Silver ) . The gold medal is worn on a red bar , while the Silver appears on a tricolor ribbon ( red - blue - white , of equal width ) . Design . Đorđe Jovanović designed the original medal , which was later redesigned . The reason for replacement was that the original ' s obverse side represented Serbia with an allegorical female figure , which observers felt diminished the award . Among the officers who expressed their discontent was Dragutin Dimitrijević Apis . The new model was adopted on 12 July 1913 . The new medal ' s obverse depicted a Serbian medieval knight Miloš Obilić . Today , the original " Women ' s medal " is in demand by collectors worldwide , because it is very rare and it had a specific destiny . The " Women ' s Medal " is now especially important in feminist organizations .
Edmond Konrad Edmond G . Konrad ( March 6 , 1909 — March 5 , 1997 ) was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy . Konrad was a graduate of the United States Naval Academy , Class of 1932 . While a Commander serving aboard the carrier during World War II , Konrad was twice awarded the Navy Cross and was also awarded the Silver Star . His first Navy Cross citation reads : His second Navy Cross citation reads : His Silver Star citation reads : Konrad was born in Oshkosh , Wisconsin .
Timothy Murphy ( sniper ) Timothy Murphy ( 1751 – 1818 ) was a rifleman in the American Revolutionary War . At the Battle of Bemis Heights ( Second Battle of Saratoga ) on October 7 , 1777 , Murphy is reputed to have shot and killed Sir Francis Clerke and General Simon Fraser . Murphy ' s life is the subject of John Brick ' s 1953 novel , " The Rifleman " . Early life . Relatively few details of Murphy ' s early life are known . He was born in 1751 near the Delaware Water Gap . His parents were Presbyterians from County Donegal , Ireland , who moved to Shamokin Flats ( now Sunbury , Pennsylvania ) in 1759 , when Murphy was eight years old . A few years later , Murphy became an apprentice to a Mr . Van Campen , and moved with the van Campen family to the Wyoming Valley , which was then the frontier . Revolutionary War . On June 29 , 1775 , shortly after the start of the American Revolutionary War , Timothy Murphy and his brother John enlisted in the Northumberland County Riflemen , specifically Captain John Lowdon ' s Company . Their unit saw action in the Siege of Boston , the Battle of Long Island , and " " skirmishing in Westchester " " . After this , Murphy was promoted to the rank of sergeant in the Continental Army ' s 12th Pennsylvania Regiment and fought at the battles of Trenton and Princeton . Murphy was an " expert marksman " , defined as being " able to hit a seven inch target at 250 yards " . In July 1777 this skill led to Murphy joining Daniel Morgan ' s newly formed " Sharpshooter Corps " . Later that year , he was selected as one of 500 handpicked riflemen to go with General Daniel Morgan to Upstate New York to help stop General John Burgoyne and the British Army . As the battles around Saratoga raged , the British , having been pushed back , were being rallied by Brigadier General Simon Fraser . Benedict Arnold rode up to General Morgan , pointed at Fraser and told Morgan the man was worth a regiment . Morgan called on Murphy and said : " " That gallant officer is General Fraser . I admire him , but it is necessary that he should die , do your duty . " " Murphy climbed a nearby tree , took careful aim at the extreme distance of 300 yards , and fired four times . The first shot was a close miss , the second grazed the General ' s horse , and with the third , Fraser tumbled from his horse , shot through the stomach . General Fraser died that night . British Senior officer Sir Francis Clerke , General Burgoyne ' s chief aide - de - camp , galloped onto the field with a message . Murphy ' s fourth shot killed him instantly . Murphy also fought at the battle of the Middle Fort in 1780 . Interment . The bronze bas - relief plaque on Murphy ' s grave at Upper Middleburgh Cemetery , Middleburgh , New York was designed by sculptor Evelyn Beatrice Longman ( 1874 – 1954 ) . Legacy . Murphy is considered a hero in Schoharie County , New York where he resided . In the cemetery there , an annual walk is named in his honor .
Francis T . Ryan Francis Thomas Ryan ( April 6 , 1862 – June 14 , 1927 ) was an American sailor serving in the United States Navy during the Boxer Rebellion who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . His birth name was Frank Gallagher . Biography . Ryan was born April 6 , 1862 in Massachusetts , and after entering the navy he was sent as a Coxswain to China to fight in the Boxer Rebellion . He died June 14 , 1927 at the age of 65 , and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery Arlington , Virginia . His grave can be found in section 17 , lot 21008 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Coxswain , U . S . Navy . Born : 6 April 1868 , Massachusetts . Accredited to : Massachusetts . G . O . No . : 55 , 19 July 1901 . Citation : In action with the relief expedition of the Allied forces in China during the battles of 13 , 20 , 21 and 22 June 1900 . Throughout this period and in the presence of the enemy , Ryan distinguished himself by meritorious conduct .
USS Taniwha ( SP - 129 ) USS " Taniwha " ( SP - 129 ) was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Taniwha " was built as a civilian yacht in 1909 by the George Lawley & Son at Neponset , Massachusetts . The U . S . Navy acquired " Taniwha " under a free lease from her owner , Mr . Henry B . Anderson of New York City , for use as a patrol boat during World War I and commissioned the same day as USS " Taniwha " ( SP - 129 ) . The date of her " de facto " acquisition and commissioning is reported both as 14 May 1917 and as 18 May 1917 , although the Navy did not formalize her acquisition from Anderson until several months later , on 29 September 1917 . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District , " Taniwha " operated on section patrol protecting waters near New York City against incursions by enemy forces , particularly submarines . Her service to the Navy continued through the end of hostilities , which came on 11 November 1918 . " Taniwha " was decommissioned on 4 April 1919 , and her name was stricken from the Navy List on the same day . She was returned to her owner either that day or in early June 1919 .
Battle of Bukit Timah The Battle of Bukit Timah , which took place on 11 February 1942 , was part of the final stage of the Empire of Japan ' s invasion of Singapore during World War II . By 10 February , the Japanese had landed in full force on Singapore Island . They controlled the entire western part of the island , and much of the north . Their next objective was Bukit Timah and the capture of vital water , food , ammunition , and vehicles , machine parts and other supplies . Now , flushed with success , the Japanese again advanced in full force . Prelude . The defending soldiers of the 12th and 15th Indian Brigades , the 27th Australian Brigade , and the Special Reserves Battalion ; Tomforce , Merrett Force , Dalforce , and the Plymouth Argylls ; Jind State Infantry and the X Battalion — all faced the Japanese onslaught . They fought at various points along Bukit Timah Road . Battle . On that night , the Japanese 5th Division , supported by tanks , advanced down Choa Chu Kang Road . The 12th Indian Brigade and some British troops under Major Angus MacDonald and Captain Mike Blackwood ( both were officers from the Argylls who would both later die on the steamship " Rooseboom " while escaping Singapore ) blocked the road and opened fire with an anti - tank gun , destroying the first Japanese tank , but this was merely the first of a force of 50 tanks . There followed some hand - to - hand combat , as well as bayonet charges from both sides . In this stage of battle , Dalforce , an irregular force made up of ethnic Chinese men from Singapore , took heavy losses . The poorly trained and equipped members of Dalforce were armed only with parang s , grenades , rifles and shotguns normally used for hunting , and suffered heavy casualties . By midnight , the Japanese had overwhelmed the defenders and captured Bukit Timah . The British launched a counterattack the following morning with two brigades . But by midday , faced with strong Japanese resistance , the counterattack failed . The next day , the Japanese Imperial Guards advanced from the north , outflanking the British defenders and forcing their retreat . In the ensuing battle , the Chinese members of Dalforce fought bravely , some to their deaths . Here , the Japanese suffered some of their heaviest casualties in the campaign to occupy Singapore . In revenge , they massacred Chinese men , women and children living in a nearby village .
Operation Speedwell During World War II , Operation Speedwell was an early Special Air Service raid against Italian rail targets near Genoa starting on 7 September 1943 . The fourteen - man group split into a number of smaller units to destroy track and ambush trains . The raiders returned to friendly lines by foot after up to seven months behind enemy lines .
USS Trapper ( ACM - 9 ) USS " Trapper " ( ACM - 9 ) was a in the United States Navy in World War II . " Trapper " was built 1942 for the United States Army as USAMP " Maj . Gen . Arthur Murray " at Point Pleasant , West Virginia , by the Marietta Manufacturing Co . ; acquired by the U . S . Navy on 2 January 1945 ; converted into an auxiliary minelayer by the Charleston Navy Yard , in South Carolina ; and commissioned on 15 March 1945 , Lt . Richard E . Lewis , USNR , in command . The ship later became U . S . Coast Guard cable ship USCGC Yamacraw ( WARC - 333 ) then , after being reacquired by Navy , the Cable Repair Ship USS " Yamacraw " ( ARC - 5 ) . Service history . Pacific Theatre operations . After shakedown training in the Chesapeake Bay area during April , " Trapper " got underway on 11 June and proceeded – via Manzanillo , Cuba , the Panama Canal , and San Diego — to the Pacific Ocean war zone . In mid - August , while the minelayer was en route to Hawaii , Japan capitulated . The ship arrived at Pearl Harbor on 21 August and was routed westward , via Eniwetok , Saipan , and Okinawa , to Japan . " Trapper " arrived at Kobe on 25 November 1945 and operated out of that port repairing minesweeping gear until 1 February 1946 when she shifted her base of operations to Wakayama for a month . On 11 March , the minelayer got underway for the United States . En route , she called at Saipan , Eniwetok , Kwajalein , Johnston Island , and Hawaii before arriving at San Francisco , on 2 May . Transfer to the U . S . Coast Guard . " Trapper " was decommissioned and transferred to the United States Coast Guard on 20 June 1946 and struck from the Navy list on 19 July 1946 . The former auxiliary minelayer served with the Coast Guard until early 1959 as the USCGC Yamacraw ( WARC - 333 ) . During 1957 and 1958 the ship was leased to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for geophysical research . Before being transferred back to the U . S . Navy the " Yamacraw " was the buoy tender used in the Andy Griffith motion picture " Onionhead " . Reacquisition by the U . S . Navy . She was reacquired by the United States Navy on 17 April 1959 and commissioned at New York on 30 April as ARC - 5 , a cable repair ship . " Yamacraw " was assigned to the 3rd Naval District for the next six years . She operated from Portsmouth , New Hampshire , to Bermuda and spent much of her at - sea time conducting research projects for the Office of Naval Research and for the Bell Telephone Laboratories . Final decommissioning . On 2 July 1965 , " Yamacraw " was decommissioned , transferred to the permanent custody of the Maritime Administration , and struck from the Navy List .
Dennis E . Nolan Dennis E . Nolan ( April 22 , 1872 – February 24 , 1956 ) was a career officer with the United States Army through three wars . He distinguished himself by heading the first modern American military combat intelligence function during World War I . Nolan served as the head football coach at the United States Military Academy in 1902 , compiling a record of 6 – 1 – 1 . Early life , education , football coaching career . Born in Akron , New York , outside of Buffalo , New York , Nolan was the son of an Irish immigrant . He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1896 . In 1902 , Nolan coached the Army football team to a record of 6 wins , 1 loss and 1 draw . " The New York Times " of 1930s noted that many contemporary U . S . Generals ( Nolan , Leon Kromer , Malin Craig , Paul Bunker ) were connected by past football experience at West Point . Military career . Starting in August 1920 , Nolan , then a brigadier general , served for a year as the War Department Chief of Military Intelligence Division . From 1927 to 1931 , Nolan was commander of Fifth Corps Area , headquartered at Fort Hayes at Columbus , Ohio , one of and geographically the largest of nine corps areas established in the continental United States for the administration of the regular army and reserves by the National Defense Act of 1920 . As a corps area commander , he oversaw peacetime training for Army Reserves and the National Guard . In time of war , the corps areas would theoretically have ready made corps combat command structures in place to administer regiments of Regular Army , Reserve and National Guard . During the lean post - war and Great Depression years of military spending , he as well other corps commanders were expected to maintain good relations with the public and civilian officials . Nolan accepted his final posting as commanding general of Second Corps Area , in charge of army units and facilities in New York , New Jersey , Delaware and Puerto Rico on December 1 , 1931 . On October 1 , 1933 , U . S . First Army was reestablished , co - located and co - staffed with Second Corps Area at Fort Jay , Governors Island , New York . Nolan became First Army ' s first peace time commander . Nolan ended his active duty army career upon retirement on April 30 , 1936 . Death and honors . Nolan died on February 24 , 1956 in New York City and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery . General Nolan is a member of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame .
USS Puritan ( ACM - 16 ) " Puritan " ( ACM - 16 / MMA - 16 ) was an auxiliary minelayer in the United States Navy . " Puritan " was never commissioned and thus never bore the " United States Ship " ( USS ) prefix showing status as a commissioned ship of the U . S . Navy . Acquisition by the U . S . Navy . " Puritan " was originally the U . S . Army mine planter USAMP " Col . Alfred A . Maybach " MP - 13 . Her transfer to the U . S . Navy was approved on 7 March 1951 . Out of Commission Status . Upon transfer she was placed out of commission in reserve as the Auxiliary Mine Layer " ACM - 16 " , assigned to the San Francisco Group , Pacific Reserve Fleet . On 7 February 1955 she was reclassified as the Minelayer , Auxiliary " MMA - 16 " . She was named " Puritan " effective 1 May 1955 . She remained out of commission in reserve berthed at Mare Island . Disposal . She was struck from the Navy List in 1959 and sold in 1961 .