naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
6th Air Intelligence Squadron The 6th Air Intelligence is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force . Its last assignment was with Seventh Air Force , stationed at Osan Air Base , Korea . It was inactivated in 1993 . The unit was originally established at Army Air Base , Colorado Springs , Colorado ( later Peterson Air Force Base ) as the 6th Photographic Group on 5 February 1943 , under the command of Lt Waymond Davis . Later that year , the unit was redesignated the 6th Reconnaissance Group and deployed to the southwest Pacific as a component of the Fifth Air Force . History . During World War II , the group operated primarily in the Southwest Pacific Theater and used F - 5 ' s and F - 7 ' s to photograph Japanese airfields , harbors , beach defenses , and personnel areas in New Guinea , the Bismarcks , Borneo , and the southern Philippines . It reconnoitered target areas and enemy troop positions to provide intelligence for air force and army units . T \ In 1944 , the group was awarded the Distinguished Unit Citation and the Philippine Presidential Unit Citation for carrying out one of the most important and difficult assignments ever given to a photographic unit : to obtain 80 , 000 prints of Japanese defenses in the Philippines in eight days . The group ' s F - 5s and F - 7s risked enemy interception and braved severe tropical weather to complete their mission all without fighter escort . The action proved critical to the successful amphibious assault of the Philippines . After moving to the Philippines in November 1944 , flew missions to Formosa and China , engaged in mapping parts of Luzon and Mindanao ] , and provided intelligence for US ground forces concerning Japanese movements . The unit then moved to Okinawa until the war ended , and finally to mainland Japan , where it was inactivated on 27 April 1946 . On 1 October 1981 , the unit was reactivated as the 6th Tactical Intelligence Group at Osan Air Base , Republic of Korea . It was tasked to provide substantive Intelligence support to U . S . and Combined Forces Combat ( CFC ) . The 6 TIG thus brought together Intelligence collection , analysis , targeting , production , and dissemination assets assigned to the 314th Air Division of Fifth Air Force and the Korean Tactical Air Control System . In February 1992 , the group became part of the 51st Fighter Wing . In 1992 The group became a squadron and was transferred to the 5th Air Control Group . Later that same year the 6th Air Intelligence Squadron fell under operational control of Seventh Air Force when it replaced the 314th Air Division as the United States Air Force headquarters for Korea . Lineage . Stations . Headquarters and Ground Echelon :
Second Battle of Dalton The Second Battle of Dalton was fought August 14 – 15 , 1864 , between Union and Confederate forces in Whitefield County northern Georgia . Confederate cavalry , commanded by Maj . Gen . Joseph Wheeler raided the northern part of Georgia to disrupt William T . Sherman ' s supply lines and destroy railroad track . On August 18 Wheeler demanded the surrender of the Union garrison at Dalton , Georgia commanded by Colonel Bernard Laiboldt . Laibodlt refused and successfully held out within the fortifications even though fighting continued until midnight . On August 15 Wheeler called off the attack on Dalton . Union forces from the District of Etowah commanded by Maj . Gen . James B . Steedman arrived from Chattanooga and engaged Wheeler ' s cavalry as they began to retire . Fighting between Wheeler and Steedman continued for four hours before the Union forces , including a detachment of United States Colored Troops , drove off the Confederates . The amount of damage inflicted by Wheeler ' s force during the battle was debatable . Nevertheless , Maj . Gen . George H . Thomas reported the track south of Dalton was quickly repaired and trains were running by August 17 .
Battle of Carham The Battle of Carham was a battle between the Kingdom of Scotland and a local force of Northumbrians at Carham on Tweed in 1018 or possibly 1016 . Astronomical events referred to in accounts of the battle would indicate 1016 , rather than 1018 as the correct date . It is also sometimes known as the Battle of Coldstream , from the town of Coldstream . The battle was a victory for Máel Coluim II described as ' Malcolm son of Cyneth , king of Scots ' and Owain the Bald , King of Strathclyde over ' Huctred , son of Waldef , earl of the Northumbrians ' , as he was described by Symeon of Durham . The importance of the battle is a matter of controversy , especially in regard to the region of Lothian . Whereas Scottish historians hold that Lothian was won for Scotland at Carham , others led by Marjorie O . Anderson hold it was the English king Edgar the Peaceful who granted Lothian to the Kenneth , King of Scots , in 973 . In English sources , the Battle of Carham is not given any special significance . Still others , such as G . W . S . Barrow hold , that " What English annalists recorded as the ' cession ' of Lothian was . . . the recognition by a powerful but extremely remote south - country king of a long - standing fait accompli . " This possession by the Scots of what now constitutes the south - east of Scotland seems to have been recognized by kings of England , even when kings such as Cnut and William the Conqueror invaded , as they did not seek to take permanent control of the area . After Carham , much of present day Scotland was under the control of the King of Scots , although Norsemen still held sway in Ross , Caithness , Sutherland , and The Isles . The Lords of Galloway remained semi - independent . " Scotland " or " Scotia " referred to what constitutes present - day Scotland north of the Forth and Clyde ; it was not until the time of King David I of Scotland that people in the south - east of the kingdom began to think of themselves as Scots . In his own charters ( e . g . to St Cuthbert ' s in Edinburgh ) , he continued to refer to the men of Lothian as English .
Defence Council of the United Kingdom The Defence Council of the United Kingdom is the body legally entrusted with the defence of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories and with control over the British armed forces , and is part of the Ministry of Defence . Functions . Prior to 1964 , there were five bodies responsible for the armed forces : the Admiralty , the War Office , the Air Ministry , the Ministry of Aviation , and a smaller Ministry of Defence . By Orders - in - Council issued under the Defence ( Transfer of Functions ) Act 1964 , the functions of these bodies were transferred to the Defence Council and the Secretary of State for Defence , who heads a larger Ministry of Defence . The Secretary of State for Defence , who is a member of the , chairs the Defence Council , and is accountable to the Queen and to Parliament for its business . The letters patent constituting the Defence Council vest it with the power of command over Her Majesty ' s Forces and give it responsibility for their administration , or in the words of the letters patent : In practice , the Defence Council is a formal body , and almost all its work is conducted by or on behalf of the three service boards chaired by the Secretary of State which report to the Defence Council , namely the Admiralty Board , the Army Board and the Air Force Board . Membership . Prior to the Levene report , the single service heads ( the First Sea Lord , the Chief of the General Staff and the Chief of the Air Staff ) along with the Vice - Chief of the Defence Staff were members of the Defence Council . The members of the Defence Council after the report of Lord Levene consist of :
Artaxerxes ' II Cadusian Campaign The Cadusian Campaign was a military campaign of King Artaxerxes II of Persia in 385 BC against the Cadusii . The origins of the campaign are not attested in historical sources , but it was probably in response to a revolt of the Cadusii and the refusal of paying tribute . The Cadusii people were an Iranian people that lived in a mountainous district of Media Atropatene on the south - west shores of the Caspian Sea , between the parallels of 39° and 37° North latitude , called for its inhabitants Cadusia . This district was probably bounded on the North by the river Cyrus ( today Kura , in the former Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan , historically known as Arran and Caucasian Albania ) , and on the South by the river Mardus ( today Sefid River ) , and corresponds with the modern Iranian provinces of Gilan and Ardabil . They are described by Strabo as a warlike tribe of mountaineers , fighting chiefly on foot , and well skilled in the use of the short spear or javelin . Artaxerxes organized an expedition that , according to Plutarch , consisted of 300 , 000 infantry soldiers and 10 , 000 cavalry soldiers . He commanded in person the expedition and among his officers accompanied him Tiribazus and Datames . Advancing inside enemy territory , it didn ' t take long before the army started to suffer from starvation . The mountainous terrain offered little food but some pears , apples , and other tree - fruits insufficient to feed such a host of fighting men . The army was reduced to eating their own beasts of burden first and later their own cavalry mounts . Tiribazus found a solution to resolve the campaign and save the King ' s army , he knew that the Cadusii were divided between two rival chiefs so he sent his son to negotiate with one while he negotiated with the other . Both Tiribazus and his son convinced the Cadusii chiefs that the other had sent envoys to the Persian King and sought an advantageous peace . Neither of the two chiefs wanting to be outmaneuvered by their fellow rival submitted to Artaxerxes . With the successful negotiations concluded the army retreated ending the campaign .
Royal Western Australia Regiment The Royal Western Australia Regiment is a reserve infantry regiment of the Australian Army consisting of two battalions , the 11th / 28th Battalion and the 16th Battalion . The regiment was raised in July 1960 as part of the reorganisation of the Australian Army Reserve through the amalgamation of the three existing infantry regiments in Western Australia : Initially formed as a single battalion , in 1966 it was reorganised into first two , then three battalions . Two of these , the 11th Battalion and 28th Battalion were reduced to single companies in 1977 , then amalgamated into the single 11th / 28th Battalion in 1987 . The regiment perpetuates the traditions of three battalions of the Australian Imperial Force :
PAF Museum , Karachi PAF Museum , Karachi ( ) is an Air Force museum and park situated near Karsaz Flyover on Shahra - e - Faisal in Karachi , Sindh , Pakistan . A majority of the aircraft , weapons and radar are displayed outside in the park but the main museum features all major fighter aircraft that have been used by the Pakistan Air Force . The museum also houses the Vickers VC . 1 Viking used by Quaid - e - Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah , founder of Pakistan and a Folland Gnat of Indian Air Force , that landed in Pasrur in 1965 war . Also on display are the scale models of some WWI , WWII and modern aircraft and photo galleries of almost all the squadrons of PAF , History . The museum was established in 1990 in two disused hangars in a remote part of the Base . The museum was expanded significantly from its humble beginnings in the period 1999 - 2004 , additions include children playing areas , rides , and eateries . Management . The museum is managed by a committee headed by the Air Officer Commanding Southern Air Command , however it is managed and run by the Deputy Chairman . Recently the Museum has been renamed as Historical Archives Section and given additional responsibilities for maintaining some documented history of the PAF . The Current Director / Deputy Chairman of the Museum is Gp Capt Usman Ghani . Collection . Some of the aircraft that are preserved in the museum are : Besides those from PAF inventory , visitors can see the captured Folland Gnat of Indian Air Force and Afghan Air Force Mig 21 and Iraq Air Force , Antonov An - 12 .
Paul Dose Paul Dose ( born 10 February 1921 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Luftwaffe during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Al - Qa ' qa ' a ibn Amr at - Tamimi Al - Qa ' qa ' ibn ' Amr was a man of Banu Tamim . He and his tribe converted to Islam during the " Year Of Delegation " and became Sahabi . Battle of al - Qādisiyyah . The " Caliph " Umar ibn al - Khattāb sent Al - Qa ' qa ' ibn ' Amr to take part in the battle of Qadisiyya . On 17 November 636 , his units reached the battlefield at noon . Before arriving , Qa ’ qa divided his troops into several smaller groups and instructed them to appear on the battlefield one after the other , giving the impression that large reinforcements were arriving . The Persian army ' s elephants were a serious obstacle for the Muslims . To solve this problem , Qa ’ qa resorted to an ingenious device . The camels in his army were disguised to look like weird monsters . These " monsters " were moved to the Sassanid front and , upon seeing them , the Sassanid horses turned and fled . With the disorganization of the Sassanid cavalry , the Persian infantry at the left and center became exposed and vulnerable . Saad ordered an all out attack by the Muslims . After the Persian army was routed Qa ’ qa ibn Amr went into pursuit and killed the Persian general Bahman , who commanded the Sassanid army at the Battle of the Bridge .
Hattie Lawton Hattie Lawton , also known as Hattie H . Lawton , Hattie Lewis Lawton was an American detective . She may have been born around 1837 , although most details of her life before and after the Civil War are unknown . “ [ Hattie ] Lawton was part of Pinkerton ' s Female Detective Bureau , formed in 1860 to ‘ worm out secrets ’ by means unavailable to male detectives . " Civil War . Lawton continued to work for the Pinkerton Detective Agency during the Civil War . She was part of the team that participated in the detection of the alleged 1861 Baltimore assassination plot against President - elect Abraham Lincoln and , according to Pinkerton ' s account , in the early part of 1861 Hattie was stationed in Perrymansville , Maryland with Timothy Webster , another Pinkerton agent . After Pinkerton began his “ Secret Service ” for Gen . George B . McClellan , Lawton and Webster were added to the payroll of the Pinkerton ’ s service in Washington on August 8 , 1861 . Lawton again posing as Timothy Webster ’ s wife appeared in Richmond , Virginia in the early part of 1862 . The two were sent by Pinkerton to Richmond to gather intelligence about Confederate army movements . Arrest and Imprisonment . Lawton tended to Webster when he fell ill at the Monument Hotel in Richmond , Virginia and this prevented reports back to Pinkerton . John Scobell , an African - American Union spy , worked with the " twenty - five - year - old beauty " Hattie Lawton during this time posing as her servant . Pinkerton sent two agents , Pryce Lewis and John Scully , to Richmond to find out what happened to Webster and Lawton . They found Webster and Lawton , but Lewis and Scully were recognized as Pinkerton agents , arrested and later released as part of a prisoner exchange on March 18 , 1863 . Various sources indicate that one or both of the men , either to save their own lives or after being tricked , revealed the identity of Webster . Webster and Lawton were arrested and after a quick trial both were found guilty . Webster was sentenced to death and executed on April 29 , 1862 . Lawton was sentenced to one year in Castle Thunder prison in Richmond , Virginia . Hattie , carried on records as " Mrs . Timothy Webster " , was one of a party of four Federals exchanged for Belle Boyd on December 13 , 1862 . During her imprisonment , Richmond ' s most accomplished Union spy , Elizabeth Van Lew , visited Lawton but it is not clear whether Van Lew was aware of the real identity of Mrs Timothy Webster . After her release from prison , nothing is known about Lawton .
14 cm Minenwerfer M 15 The 14 cm Minenwerfer M 15 was a medium mortar used by Austria - Hungary in World War I . It was developed by Škoda Works as an alternative to a German design from Rheinische Metallwarenfabrik / Ehrhardt for which ammunition could not be procured . It was a rigid - recoil , rifled , muzzle - loading weapon that had to be levered around to aim at new targets . It was lifted onto a two - wheel cart for transport . The M 16 version added a central barrel ring and cutouts on the side of the carriage . Rotation within the barrel was improved , greatly increasing accuracy . It weighed an extra , but had a maximum range of . Its transport cart was also improved . The first batch of 100 mortars was ordered in May 1915 and a second batch in spring 1916 , but deliveries were slow ; only 88 of the second batch could be sent to the front by May 1916 . A third batch of 300 was ordered in November 1916 , but production was such that only 30 had been delivered by the spring of 1917 .
George Richards ( Marine Corps ) George Richards ( February 6 , 1872 — January 9 , 1948 ) was an American officer born at Ironton , Ohio and serving in the United States Marine Corps during the Boxer Rebellion . He was one of 23 Marine Corps officers approved to receive the Marine Corps Brevet Medal for bravery . In 1891 Richards graduated from the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis , Maryland . He retired March 1 , 1936 as a Major General after over 40 years of service and died January 9 , 1948 . Presidential citation . Citation : Secretary of the Navy citation . Citation Navy Distinguished Service Medal citation . Citation :
Bertram Falle , 1st Baron Portsea Bertram Godfray Falle , 1st Baron Portsea ( 21 November 1859 – 1 November 1948 ) , known as Sir Bertram Falle , Bt , between 1916 and 1930 , was a Jersey - born barrister and politician in the United Kingdom . Background and education . Falle was born on Jersey in the Channel Islands , the son of Joshua George Falle ( 1820 – 1903 ) , Constable of Saint Helier and later Jurat of the Royal Court of Jersey , and Mary Elizabeth ( née Godfray ; died 1917 ) . He was educated at Victoria College , Jersey , and graduated in 1886 from Pembroke College , Cambridge with a Master of Law s ( LL . M . ) degree , having been called to the bar , Inner Temple , in 1885 . In 1901 he graduated from the University of Paris with a Bachelor en droit degree . Legal and political career . Falle was a Judge of the Native Court in Egypt from 1901 to 1903 . Standing as a Liberal Unionist , he was elected as one of the two members of parliament for the Portsmouth constituency in Hampshire at the January 1910 general election . He joined the Conservative Party when the two parties formally merged in 1912 , although the Liberal Unionists had long been indistinguishable from the Conservatives . During the First World War he served in the Royal Field Artillery , gaining the rank of Major . When the Portsmouth constituency was abolished for the 1918 general election , he was returned as a Coalition Conservative for the new single - seat Portsmouth North constituency . Re - elected as a Conservative in 1922 , he held the seat until his elevation to the peerage in 1934 . Falle was made a Baronet , of Plaisance in the Island of Jersey , on 7 July 1916 . In 1934 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Portsea , of Portsmouth in the County of Southampton . The title was apparently purchased for £50 , 000 by his wife . Personal life . Lord Portsea married Mary , daughter Russell Sturgis and widow of Leopold Richard Seymour , in 1906 . Russell Sturgis had made his fortune in the opium trade before joining Barings Bank and later becoming head of the bank . There were no children from the marriage . Mary died in February 1942 . Lord Portsea survived her by six years and died in November 1948 , aged 88 . The baronetcy and barony became extinct on his death . In accordance with his wishes , his sister Albina ( who died in 1957 ) made a bequest to the States of Jersey which became the " Lord Portsea Gift Fund " . The fund assists people from the Channel Islands who are unable to obtain sufficient financial support for additional training , re - training or specialised equipment to benefit their careers in the employment of the States of Jersey or of Guernsey , or of the United Kingdom .
RIM - 101 RIM - 101 was a short - lived project by the United States Navy to develop a surface - to - air missile ( SAM ) for the defense of naval vessels . Developed during the early 1970s , the project , possibly derived from the RIM - 7 Sea Sparrow , was cancelled before the start of detailed design work . Development and cancellation . In the early 1970s , the United States Navy initiated a project for the development of a new surface - to - air missile to act as a defense against air and missile attack against its vessels . The project received the planning designation ZRIM - 101A in 1973 . The RIM - 101 missile was planned to be a tube - launched weapon , a small ejector charge being used to propel the missile from its launching tube before ignition of a solid - fueled rocket sustainer , based on that of the FIM - 43 Redeye SAM . Midcourse guidance of the new missile was planned to be of the semi - active radar homing type , using an I - band radar system , while terminal guidance would be provided by an infrared seeker . However , the RIM - 101 project was cancelled early in the design - and - development stage , before any hardware had been built . It has been speculated that the RIM - 101 was intended to be an advanced development of the RIM - 7 Sea Sparrow missile , then in U . S . Navy service as the Basic Point Defense Missile System . While the basic RIM - 7 does not match the description of RIM - 101 , an advanced development of the RIM - 7E would fit the timeframe and description , with RIM - 7F being developed following the cancellation of RIM - 101 .
Andrew Mathews Vice Admiral Sir Andrew David Hugh Mathews KCB is a senior Royal Navy officer who is Chief of Materiél ( Fleet ) , Royal Navy . Naval career . Mathews served as Commander of HM Naval Base Devonport . Promoted to Rear Admiral , Mathews was appointed Director - General Nuclear and Controller of the Navy in 2006 . He went on to be Director - General Submarines in 2007 and then following promotion to Vice Admiral , Mathews was appointed Chief of Materiel ( Fleet ) and Chief of Fleet Support in 2009 , a post he shall be succeeded in by Rear Admiral Simon Lister in December 2013 . Already a Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB ) , Mathews was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 2013 New Year Honours .