naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
HMAS Adroit ( P 82 ) HMAS " Adroit " ( P 82 ) was an " Attack " class patrol boat of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . Design and construction . The " Attack " class was ordered in 1964 to operate in Australian waters as patrol boat s ( based on lessons learned through using the Ton class minesweeper s on patrols of Borneo during the Indonesia - Malaysia Confrontation , and to replace a variety of old patrol , search - and - rescue , and general - purpose craft . Initially , nine were ordered for the RAN , with another five for Papua New Guinea ' s Australian - run coastal security force , although another six ships were ordered to bring the class to twenty vessels . The patrol boats had a displacement of 100 tons at standard load and 146 tons at full load , were in length overall , had a beam of , and draughts of at standard load , and at full load . Propulsion machinery consisted of two 16 - cylinder Paxman YJCM diesel engines , which supplied to the two propellers . The vessels could achieve a top speed of , and had a range of at . The ship ' s company consisted of three officers and sixteen sailors . Main armament was a bow - mounted Bofors 40 mm gun , supplemented by two . 50 calibre M2 Browning machine guns and various small arms . The ships were designed with as many commercial components as possible : the " Attack " s were to operate in remote regions of Australia and New Guinea , and a town ' s hardware store would be more accessible than home base in a mechanical emergency . " Adroit " was laid down by Evans Deakin and Company at Brisbane , Queensland in August 1967 , launched on 3 February 1968 and commissioned on 17 August 1968 . Operational history . The patrol boat was transferred to the Fremantle Port Division of the Royal Australian Navy Reserve in March 1983 . Fate . " Adroit " paid off on 28 March 1992 and was sunk as a target by A - 4 Skyhawk aircraft of the Royal New Zealand Air Force west of Rottnest Island on 8 August 1994 .
Torped 613 Torped 613 is a heavyweight torpedo still in use by the Swedish Navy . It is wire - guided and has a passive sonar sensor , which sends back information through the wire . The torpedo was developed in the 1970s as a cooperation project between Denmark , Norway and Sweden . Testing was done during the period 1981 - 1983 . Like the older Swedish version Torped 61 introduced in the mid - 1960s , it is driven by alcohol and hydrogen peroxide , which gives long range and a minimum exhaust trail . The torpedo is planned to be replaced by the more modern Torped 62 .
USNS Sands ( T - AGOR - 6 ) USS " Sands " ( T - AGOR - 6 ) a " Robert D . Conrad " - class oceanographic research ship that served the U . S . Navy from 1965 to 1973 . During that period she provided valuable ocean - bottom information and underwater test data to the U . S . Navy and other U . S . agencies . Built at Point Pleasant , West Virginia . The second ship to be so named by the Navy , " Sands " ( AGOR - 6 ) was laid down on 23 August 1962 by the Marietta Manufacturing Co . , Point Pleasant , West Virginia ; launched on 14 September 1963 ; sponsored by Miss Priscilla G . Sands ; and accepted by the Navy and placed in service under Military Sea Transportation Service ( MSTS ) control on 2 February 1965 , Capt . George W . Fladerer , Master . Navy oceanographic service . Manned by a Civil Service crew , the United States Naval Ship " Sands " was operated in the Atlantic Ocean by the Military Sealift Command ( formerly MSTS ) for the Naval Oceanographic Office . Until being placed out of service , in reserve , in April 1973 , " Sands " performed oceanographic and marine geophysical research and conducted experiments in underwater sound propagation . For example , in the early 1970 ' s the Sands planted large vertical subsurface acoustic arrays in the tropical Atlantic . These arrays were unique for having long term recording capabilities enabling months ' long acoustic data to be collected ; and for the first use of the then new material Kevlar as the strength member of the arrays . Kevlar , created by DuPont for use as cords in vehicular tires , was found to have stretch characteristics that matched those of the conductive copper wires embedded in an array . ( Whereas a material like dacron can stretch upwards 50 % before breaking , kevlar limits stretch to 2 % before failure . This greatly reduced longitudinal stresses on the copper wires and permitted precise vertical positioning of hydrophones in the vertical string . ) The Sands , during this period , also conducted acoustic data collection voyages in the area around Malta and the lower Adriatic . Inactivation and transfer to Brazil . In 1973 , " Sands " was placed out of service . She was struck from the " Navy list " on an unknown date , and , on 5 December 1990 she was transferred to Brazil and renamed " Almirante Camara " ( H - 41 ) .
11th Indian Cavalry Brigade The 11th Indian Cavalry Brigade was a formation of the British Indian Army that served in the Mesopotamian Campaign during World War I . It was formed in September 1917 of three cavalry regiments sent from India and a horse artillery battery from Meerut , India . Its machinegun squadron and other support units were assembled in Mesopotamia . It fought at the Action of Khan Baghdadi and the Battle of Sharqat . It was present at the occupation of Mosul at the end of the campaign , shortly after the armistice . Bibliography . Moberly , F . J . ( 1923 ) . " Official History of the War : Mesopotamia Campaign " , Imperial War Museum . ISBN 1 - 870423 - 30 - 5 .
USS Pequot ( ID - 2998 ) The second USS " Pequot " ( ID – 2998 ) was a cargo ship of the United States Navy during World War I . The ship was built in 1910 by J . C . Tecklenborg A . G . , Geestemunde , Germany , and was operated as SS " Ockenfels " by the " Deutsche Dampfschiffahrts - Gesellschaft Hansa " ( German Steamship Company Hansa ) , until interned at New York at the outbreak of World War I . Service history . Seized when the United States entered the war in April 1917 , she was repaired and taken over by the Navy , on bare boat basis , from the Shipping Board , on 28 October 1918 , and commissioned as " Pequot " the same day . Lt . Comdr . John Decry , USNRF , in command , she served in the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) as a general cargo carrier on both the Army and Shipping Board accounts . She was struck from the Navy List and returned to the Shipping Board on 11 July 1919 .
Erhard Berner Erhard - Heinrich Berner ( 12 September 1894 – 25 July 1960 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several divisions . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Erhard Berner was captured by Soviet troops in 1945 and was held until 1955 .
513th Electronic Warfare Squadron The 513th Electronic Warfare Squadron ( 513 EWS ) is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the 53d Electronic Warfare Group , stationed at Eglin Air Force Base , Florida . Mission . The 513 EWS is a joint - service unit , and will serve as the sole Department of Defense provider of electronic warfare support for the F - 35 joint strike fighter . It will operate the $ 300 million United States Reprogramming Laboratory , that tests all aspects of the joint strike fighter ' s electronic warfare capability . Half of the staff will be Airmen , while the other half will consist of Navy and Marine members . History . Established in the Middle East during late 1942 to aid British Forces during the Western Desert Campaign . Initially equipped with obsolete B - 17C / D Flying Fortress es transferred from Tenth Air Force . Replaced with B - 24 Liberator s flown from Florida via South America ; over to then across Central Africa then north to Egypt in early 1943 . Became part of United States Middle East Air Forces ( USMEAF ) , later Ninth Air Force . Operating from bases in British Palestine , Egypt , Libya and Tunisia , attacked shipping in the Mediterranean and harbor installations in Libya , Tunisia , Sicily , and Italy to cut enemy supply lines to North Africa . Struck airdromes , marshalling yards , and other objectives in Sicily and Italy after the fall of Tunisia in May 1943 . Reassigned to Fifteenth Air Force in late 1943 , and moved to southern Italy . Squadron flew long range strategic bombardment missions to targets in Italy , France , Germany , Czechoslovakia , Austria , Hungary , and the Balkans to bomb factories , marshalling yards , oil refineries , oil storage facilities , airdromes , bridges , harbors , and other objectives . After the German Capitulation in May 1945 , returned to the United States ; was re - equipped with B - 29 Superfortress bombers and trained under Second Air Force for deployment to the Pacific Theater . However with the Japanese Capitulation in August , the training ended and most personnel demobilized by the end of October . Remained in active status but not fully manned or equipped , and subsequently inactivated in early 1946 due to budget restrictions . Not manned or equipped , 23 May 1947 - 20 Sep 1948 . Practiced electronic countermeasures with B - 29 aircraft from c . 1952 until conversion to B - 47 Stratojet jet medium bombers in 1954 . Between 1954 and 1965 , the 513 Bombardment Squadron flew a long series of simulated combat bombardment missions to maintain readiness as a unit of the Strategic Air Command , testing electronic warfare devices and radar techniques , using B - 47 and EB - 47 aircraft . Inactivated in 1965 with the retirement of the B - 47 . Between 1992 and 1997 , conducted operational test and evaluation of B - 52 , B - 1 , and KC - 135 aircraft and support systems . Activated in Apr 2010 with an electronic warfare mission , reprogramming the F - 35 .
Ng Chee Meng Lieutenant - General Ng Chee Meng is the current Chief of the Defence Force of the Singapore Armed Forces as of 27 March 2013 . He is the second Air Force Officer in Singapore ' s military history to hold this post after Bey Soo Khiang . He is the brother of the Chief of Navy , Rear - Admiral Ng Chee Peng and also the brother of Security and Intelligence Division Director Ng Chee Khern . He was promoted to a three star general in June 2013 .
Jean - Baptiste Bouquerot des Essarts Jean - Baptiste Bouquerot des Essarts ( 28 May 1771 , Asnan - 17 March 1833 , Fontainebleau ) was a French maréchal de camp and Baron de l ' Empire . He was the younger brother of the politician Thomas Bouquerot de Voligny .
Armalite AR - 5 The AR - 5 was the basis of the MA - 1 aircrew survival rifle , adopted by the US Air Force in 1956 , as a replacement for the M6 Aircrew Survival Weapon . The M6 is a superposed ( " over - under " ) combination weapon with a . 22 Hornet rifle barrel over a . 410 shotgun barrel . While there is an advantage to such a combination , the AR - 5 has the advantage of rapid fire , using the same . 22 Hornet cartridge as the M6 ' s rifle barrel . The AR - 5 was developed by ArmaLite , a division of Fairchild Engine and Airplane Corporation . The AR - 5 was submitted in response to an Air Force request shortly after the division was established on October 1 , 1954 . The MA - 1 is a four - shot , bolt - action rifle , chambered for the . 22 Hornet cartridge , a round somewhat heavier than the common . 22 Long Rifle cartridge , with a higher velocity and range , yet with a light , controllable recoil . Designed to be stowed in cramped aircraft cockpits , the rifle was made from lightweight plastics and aluminum alloys . The MA - 1 was unique for being able to be disassembled with all working parts stored within the stock . When stowed in this manner , the rifle was able to float . The MA - 1 established ArmaLite as a recognized firearms company , leading to several other rifles of varying success . However , the Air Force never received funding to buy more than the original 12 test models due in part to the number of M4 and M6 survival weapons already in the inventory . Armalite used the research and tooling for the AR - 5 / MA - 1 to develop the AR - 7 , an eight - shot semi - automatic rifle chambered for the . 22 Long Rifle cartridge . Released in 1959 as a civilian survival weapon , the AR - 7 is related to the AR - 5 in terms of its overall layout , and retains the same modular takedown , storage in stock , and the ability to float .
Battle of Scarlet Beach The Battle of Scarlet Beach ( 22 September 1943 ) took place during the Huon Peninsula campaign of the Second World War . Involving forces from Australia , the United States and Japan , Allied forces landed at Scarlet Beach , north of Siki Cove and south of the Song River , to the east of Katika and about 10 kilometres ( 6 . 2 mi ) to the north of Finschhafen . The capture of Finschhafen would allow the construction of air base and naval facilities to assist Allied air and naval forces to conduct operations against Japanese bases in New Guinea and New Britain . The landing was opposed with the Japanese forces withdrawing to Katika . Prelude . Lae was captured on 16 September 1943 , where large scale air and naval facilities could be constructed for operations that were planned to be launched in the planned New Britain campaign . Brigadier Victor Windeyer ' s Australian 20th Brigade was detached from the 9th Division by Major General George Wootten to undertake the landing at Scarlet Beach , to the north of Finschhafen . The landing beach became known as Scarlet Beach from the post landing red screens , to guide future landing craft , used by the United States Navy ; however , as they had been used at Red Beach during the landing at Lae , General Edmund Herring recommended that to avoid confusion of two Red Beaches , the landing beach should be called Scarlet Beach . A reconnaissance landing was undertaken prior to the main landing by amphibian scouts , consisting of four officers and two soldiers of the United States Army ' s 532nd Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment and four natives , during the night of 11 / 12 September in rubber boats launched from P . T . boats . The scouts were unable to obtain hydrographic information because of Japanese patrols in the area . A number of machine - gun nests were identified during their reconnaissance of the enemy positions and they were extracted on 14 September .
154th Infantry Division Murge The 154th Infantry Division Murge was an infantry division of the Italian Army during World War II . The " Murge " Division was a garrison division formed in April 1942 . In it was sent to Dalmatia as an occupation force and took part in anti - Partisan operations . It took part in the Battle of the Sutjeska and then had to be withdrawn after suffering heavy losses in fighting with the Partisans . It was disbanded in September 1943 , following the Italian surrender to the Allies . Popular culture . Alistair Maclean ' s novel " Partisans " , set in the Balkan Theater of World War II , mentions the Murge Division as being a major force in the Axis offensives against the Yugoslav Partisans . The book begins at the buildup to Fall Weiss and ends with the protagonists having accomplished a significant espionage mission that would ensure the mauling of the Murge at the hands of the Yugoslav Resistance .
Joseph Philbrick Webster Joseph Philbrick Webster , also known as J . P . Webster ( February 18 , 1819 – January 18 , 1875 ) , was an American songwriter and composer most notable for his musical compositions during the Antebellum and American Civil War periods of United States history , and his post - war hymns . Amongst his most notable works are the ballad " Lorena " ( 1857 ) , often considered the most popular song of the American Civil War ( on both sides ) , " I ' ll Twine ' Mid the Ringlets " ( written in 1860 and later known as " Wildwood Flower " ) and " In the Sweet By and By " ( 1868 ) , one of the best - known Christian hymns in American history . Life and works . J . P . Webster was born in Manchester , New Hampshire on February 22 , 1819 . From an early age he expressed an interest and talent in music , going on to study with distinguished composers such as Lowell Mason and George James Webb , including a three year course of study beginning in 1840 in Boston . Afterwards he travelled extensively throughout the Eastern United States as a concert singer , including notable stays in New York and Madison , Indiana , where he performed with the famous " Swedish Nightingale " Jenny Lind , as her pianist . After years of travel , Webster eventually settled in Racine , Wisconsin . Sometime before 1859 Webster developed what was commonly called " Lake Michigan Throat " , a severe form of bronchitis , forcing him to abandon his singing career and move himself , and by then a wife and children , farther south and away from the lake to Elkhorn , Wisconsin . No longer having the strength in his voice for singing , Webster turned his attention to composing music . This was a passion that would produce over 1 , 000 songs , including music for ballads , hymns , patriotic drama , and a cantata . During the Civil War years Webster taught and composed a variety of songs related to the war . He also participated as a drill sergeant for the Elkhorn " Wide Awakes " , whose role was to act as the local home guard . As the war began to close , Webster returned his focus to writing ballads and hymns . About this time he also opened what was considered a " respectable saloon " , which attracted young literary men of the town with which he would have future musical collaborations . One of these young men was Sanford Fillmore Bennett , who would later write the lyrics for " " In the Sweet By and By " " . Webster remained in Elkhorn until his death on January 18 , 1875 , at the age of 56 . He is buried at the Hazel Ridge Cemetery in Elkhorn , where his epitaph reads , " " Joseph P . Webster . In the Sweet By and By We Shall Meet " " . His former residence is now the home of the Walworth County Historical Society , which acts as a museum to both Webster and thousands of Civil War era antiques and unique items .
Marjata The F / S « Marjata » is a purpose - built electronic intelligence collection vessel ( ELINT ) . She is the third ship that bears the name « " Marjata " » , all of which has been used for military intelligence purposes by the Norwegian Armed Forces . She is owned by the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment , but operated by the Norwegian Intelligence Service , and is considered to be one of the most advanced ships of her kind in the world . Her main role is surveillance of the Russian Northern fleet ` s activity in the Barents Sea , but is constructed for operations all over the world . She operates in international waters close to the Russian border . The Marjata officially serves as a research ship for the Norwegian Intelligence Service . General . It is a Ramform type ship - design with an unusual hull shape . The shape of the hull is characteristic with a sharp bow , sinusoidal waterline , a descending rear body that ends in a straight cut - off stern where the ship has the largest width . Because of the very large width of the ship it will have an operational metacentric height of about 16 meters . The ship can continue to operate even with large parts of the interior under the waterline , when the ship ' s exact trimming is uncritical . The same goes for cargo shift , if the ship is exposed to icing or large amounts of water on deck . This makes « " Marjata " » a very stable sensor platform , she is also built with a very low noise signature , so that the ship itself does not interfere with the onboard sensors . « " Marjata " » also has large internal bay for computing and analyzing of reconnaissance data . The Ramform type ships are often used for seismological survey s of the seabed . « " Marjata " » is well suited for operation in arctic conditions for prolonged periods of time . « " Marjata " » and the Kursk tragedy . The various ships that have borne the name « " Marjata " » has always been looked upon with disapproval by the Russian and former Soviet , authorities . During and after the raising of the sunken Russian submarine " Kursk , " Norwegian authorities were criticized by the Russian side because the ship had been too aggressive and would have disrupted the work . The ship was also in the area when the accident occurred . It was located 19 kilometer away when it was registered an explosion that was interpreted as a " soft explosion " . A little while later an earthquake measuring device picked up a second explosion which is thought to have occurred when " Kursk " hit the seabed . This secondary event is estimated to be equal to two tons of TNT . After the incident it emerged claims that the « Marjata » had not observed any abnormalities , but this claim has several military sources doubted the correctness of . During the salvage of the Kursk , there was also considerable disagreement about « Marjata » position and actions . In general Russian authorities in accordance with Norwegian Vice Admiral Einar Skorgen thinks the ship operates too close to Russian waters . Images of « " Marjata " » . 1 1 3 4
Conqueror - class ship of the line The " Conqueror " - class ships of the line were a class of two 101 - gun first rate screw propelled ships designed by the Surveyor ’ s Department for the Royal Navy . Design . The " Conqueror " class ships were designed in 1852 as two - decker 101 - gun first rates in a period when many under - construction sail ships of the line were being redesigned to use screw propulsion in addition to sail . Two ships were subsequently completed , and . Careers . Both ships saw service in the Channel Squadron , and later in the Crimean War . Both were used to transport troops to Mexico in support of the French intervention there in 1861 . HMS " Conqueror " was wrecked on Rum Cay whilst carrying this out , but without losses , and most of her machinery , guns and stores were subsequently salvaged . The advent of armoured ironclads , such as in the 1860s made the traditional ships of the line largely obsolete . HMS " Donegal " continued in service as a guard ship , in which role she took the last surrender of the American Civil War . She was hulked in 1886 , and became part of the torpedo training school . She served until the establishment moved on shore in 1923 , and was broken up in 1925 .
Lunettes of Trois - Châtels and Tousey The lunettes of Trois - Châtels and Tousey are two lunettes located in the French city of Besançon . Their foundations were constructed in 1792 to support the citadel of Vauban but the structure was badly built and they were rebuilt during the Bourbon Restoration . In World War II , American forces liberated the city after a few battles in the two fortifications to reach the citadel . In the 1990s , they were bought by a man who now lives in the lunette of Tousey . Trois - Châtels has been an official historical monument of France since 1995 .