naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert Latimer McCook Robert Latimer McCook ( December 28 , 1827 - August 6 , 1862 ) was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War who was killed by Confederate partisan s in Alabama . Birth and early years . McCook was born in New Lisbon , Ohio , one of the famed Fighting McCooks . He studied law in the Steubenville office of Stanton and McCook opening an office there by age 21 . He then moved to Cincinnati , where he developed a large legal practice and socialized in local Democratic political circles . Originally a supporter of President James Buchanan , as war became inevitable , he distanced himself from the president ' s policies . Civil War . With the outbreak of the Civil War , McCook organized the 9th Ohio Infantry , a regiment primarily composed of recent German immigrants , in early 1861 and was appointed as its first colonel . After drilling his men at Camp Dennison , they took to the field in mid - June . McCook commanded a brigade in the West Virginia campaign under George B . McClellan , fighting in a number of battles , including Rich Mountain and Carnifex Ferry . McCook ' s brigade was then transferred in the late autumn to the Army of the Ohio , and took an active part in the Battle of Mill Springs in Kentucky in January 1862 . There , McCook was severely wounded while leading a daring bayonet charge on the Confederate lines . His men carried the position and routed their enemy . McCook was promoted as a brigadier general of volunteers on March 21 , 1862 , while still away from the army recovering from his injury . He rejoined his command before his wound had fully healed , and found that he could no longer travel long distances on horseback . He was shot in a skirmish with the 4th Alabama Cavalry near Huntsville , Alabama . Northern versions claimed he was shot by Confederate guerrilla s while lying helpless in an ambulance , but a Southern version disputes this . In agony from a mortal wound in the intestine s , he was taken to a nearby house , where he died within 24 hours . John Beatty wrote in his book , The Citizen - Soldier or Memoirs of a Volunteer , " . . . McCook was killed while lying in the ambulance defenseless . When the Dutchmen of his old regiment learned of the unfortunate occurrence they became uncontrollable , and destroyed the buildings and property on five plantations near the scene of the murder . McCook had recently been promoted for gallantry at Mill Springs . He was brave , bluff , talented man , and his loss will be sorely felt " . McCook was interred in Spring Grove Cemetery in Cincinnati , Ohio .
John O . Miner John O . Miner was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy . Biography . Miner was born John Odgers Miner in Cedar Rapids , Iowa in 1910 . He died on April 21 , 1999 . Career . Miner graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1931 . After graduation , he would be assigned to the USS Maryland ( BB - 46 ) . Later , he was assigned to the USS Utah ( BB - 31 ) , USS Minneapolis ( CA - 36 ) and USS Cushing ( DD - 376 ) before becoming Executive Officer of the USS Meade ( DD - 602 ) during World War II . Later in the war , Miner became the first commander of the USS Tingey ( DD - 539 ) . While in command of the Tingey , he was awarded the Silver Star for his service during a period of time that included taking action in the Battle of the Philippine Sea and the Battle of Leyte Gulf . He also received a Letter of Commendation during his command . After the war , he would be named Commanding Officer of the USS Wisconsin ( BB - 64 ) and U . S . Naval Attaché in Rome , Italy . Other awards he received include the Legion of Merit , the Navy Commendation Medal , the American Defense Service Medal with award star , the American Campaign Medal , the Asiatic - Pacific Campaign Medal with five engagement stars , the World War II Victory Medal , the China Service Medal , the Navy Occupation Service Medal , the National Defense Service Medal , the United Nations Korea Medal , the Philippine Liberation Medal and the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic .
Junior grade A junior grade is a subdivision of a military rank , lower than the corresponding rank without that qualification . In the U . S . armed forces , the Army formerly appointed warrant officers ( junior grade ) , and the Navy ' s lieutenants , junior grade are commissioned officer s .
Russell Burton Reynolds Russell Burton Reynolds ( December 24 , 1894 - December 7 , 1970 ) was a Major General in the United States Army . During World War II , he served as an Director of Military Personnel Division of the Army Service Forces . Biography . Reynolds was born on December 24 , 1894 to Sydney and Nellie Reynolds in Dundee , Michigan . He would attend the University of Wisconsin - Madison . On January 12 , 1918 he married Florine Janney . They would have a son , Russell Burton Reynolds , Jr . . Reynolds died on December 8 , 1970 . He is buried with Florine at Arlington National Cemetery . Military career . Reynolds originally joined the Army in 1917 and was commissioned as 2nd Lieutenant . He would serve as Assistant Professor of Military Science and Tactics at the University of Pennsylvania from 1925 to 1929 and at Ripon College from 1936 to 1937 . From 1929 to 1933 he served as an instructor at the United States Army Infantry School . During World War II he was Director of the Military Personnel Division of the Army Service Forces . Following the war he presided over the commission that tried Tomoyuki Yamashita . Later he would serve as Chief of Special Service of the United States Department of the Army . Decorations . Awards he received include the Army Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster , World War I Victory Medal , American Defense Service Medal , American Campaign Medal , Asiatic - Pacific Campaign Medal and World War II Victory Medal .
Battle of Nyborg The Battle of Nyborg was a battle fought between Sweden and the combined forces of Denmark , Dutch naval forces under Michiel de Ruyter , troops of Brandenburg - Prussia , and Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under Stefan Czarniecki . The battle was engaged on 14 November 1659 at Nyborg on the Danish island of Funen . Nyborg was the final major conflict of the Dano - Swedish War of 1658 to 1660 . Swedish Imperial Field Marshall Philip Florinus of Sulzbach , leading the vanquished Swedish forces , was forced to save his own life by fleeing under cover of night . The battle is considered one of the most important Danish victories of the war .
Calliope Tatti Calliope Tatti ( ) was born in Thessaloniki , Ottoman Empire in 1894 . Great - granddaughter of Constantine Tattis who was member of the secret Greek society Filiki Eteria which in early 19th century organized the successful Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire . Spouse of the Cretan gendarmerie officer Evangelos Sarris . After his premature death in 1917 she got married in 1922 to the chairman of the BAR association of Thessaloniki George Seremetis who was one of the most prominent attorneys in the city . He later served as mayor of the same city . Calliope Tatti studied at the English school of Thessaloniki during the years of the Ottoman administration . She spoke fluently English , French , Turkish and Greek . Thessaloniki was captured by the Hellenic Army under Crown Prince Constantine during the first year of the First Balkan War ( 1912 ) . Tatti immediately after the capture of Thessaloniki she volunteered to serve as a nurse in the hospital organized by the " Central City School " that was taking care of the wounded soldiers during both Balkan Wars . From her two marriages she had three sons , the first Constantine Sarris from the first husband and the two others from the second ( Dimitrios Seremetis and Michael Seremetis ) . The first 2 sons became lawyers and practiced law in Thessaloniki and the third one became a physician ( thoracic surgeon ) who was trained and practiced in the United States . She participated to a great number of charitable associations with considerable social service in Thessaloniki . She served as vice - president and later chairman of the “ - Phoenix ” charitable association ( 1933 - 1941 ) and the " Philoptochos Fraternity of Thessaloniki ladies " ( 1940 - 1950 ) . She offered a great deal of her own financial resources for the relief of her fellow - citizens during the starvation period of the German occupation ( 1941 - 1944 ) . She died in September 1978 .
Fritz - Georg von Rappard Fritz - Georg Hugo Karl von Rappard ( 15 August 1892 – 29 January 1946 ) was a German general who commanded the 7 . Infanterie Division during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . In 1946 , he was one of a set of soldiers selected by the Soviet Union for military trial in the city of Velikiye Luki . The set of men each representing a rank from General to Private were put on public trial for crimes against Soviet partisans in that area . Along with seven other officers , von Rappard was publicly hanged in the town square in 1946 . The trial was in the nature of a representative show trial based on collective responsibility of the German Army rather than the specific actions of the individuals selected for trial .
Command Ashore insignia Command Ashore insignia , formerly known as the Command Ashore / Project Manager insignia ( or Command Ashore / Major Program Manager insignia ) , is a breast insignia of the United States Navy and the United States Coast Guard . United States Navy . In the U . S . Navy , the Command Ashore insignia is a gold metal , three - pronged trident device with a trident centered on an elliptically shaped laurel wreath . The badge is a breast insignia that recognizes the responsibilities and importance of command ashore and major program management . Officers below flag rank ( captain and below ) who have , or had , command of an installation or commissioned unit ashore or served as a project manager wear the Command Ashore / Project Manager insignia . It is one of two badges known as " Command Insignia " ; the other being the Command at Sea insignia . Officers wear this insignia in the same manner as that prescribed for the Command at Sea insignia . United States Coast Guard . In the U . S . Coast Guard , the Command Ashore insignia is a gold and silver metal device with a miniature officer cap device superimposed on a wreath of gold oak leaves . The " Command Ashore " insignia is worn in the same manner as the " Command Afloat " insignia . Per the Coast Guard Uniform Regulations , COMDTINST M1020 . 6F , chapter 3 . E . , the command ashore and command afloat insignia are considered equivalent .
916th Air Refueling Squadron The 916th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 307th Air Refueling Group , stationed at Travis AFB , California . It was inactivated on 31 October 1983 . Established on 1 September 1959 by Strategic Air Command at Travis AFB and equipped with KC - 135 Stratotanker s . Its mission was to provide air refueling to the B - 52 Stratofortress strategic bombers of its parent 5th Bombardment Wing and other USAF units as directed . Reassigned to the SAC 14th Air Division in 1968 when the 5th BMW moved to Minot AFB , North Dakota ; Reassigned to 47th Air Division on 31 March 1970 ; and reassigned back to 14th Air Division on 1 Apr 1972 . On 1 July 1977 the 916th was assigned to the 307th Air Refueling Group . Inactivated on 31 Oct 1983 with the 307th ARG when SAC due to a force structure realignment . Consolidated with the 16th Bombardment Squadron , Very Heavy , on 19 September 1985 ( Department of the Air Force Directive : DAF / MPM 662q , Dated : 19 Sep 1985 ) .
Sylwester Kaliski Sylwester Kaliski ( December 19 , 1925 – September 16 , 1978 ) was a Polish engineer , professor and general . He was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences ( PAN ) . Born in Toruń , Kaliski was a specialist in the field of applied physics . He developed the theory of continuous amplification of ultra and hyper - sounds in semiconductive crystals and obtained plasma temperature of tens of millions of kelvins using laser impulse . He died in Warsaw , Poland in car accident . There is a rumour , that professor has been killed by Soviet KGB , as he headed Polish clandestine program of developing thermonuclear device intended for military use , which was started on order of highest level of Polish communistic party , in opposition to soviet dominance over Poland and other Middle and Eastern European countries .
SMS S113 SMS " S113 " was a 1916 class Large Torpedo Boat ( " Großes Torpedoboot " ) of the Imperial German Navy during World War I . She was the first ship of her class to be laid down , but the second and final ship of her class to be launched . Design . The 1916 class marked a significant departure from previous Imperial German torpedo boat designs . The German admiralty found their torpedo boats were too lightly armed to compete with British torpedo boat s or destroyers , so the 1916 class was scaled up to such an extent it would have been considered a destroyer in any other Navy . The German Navy nevertheless retained the " torpedo boat " classification . Service . Built by F . Schichau , Germany , she was launched in January 1918 . The " S " in " S113 " refers to the shipyard at which she was constructed . " S113 " never saw service during World War I as she was commissioned near the end of hostilities . She was transferred to the French Navy on 1 June 1920 and renamed Amiral Sénès . The " Amiral Sénès " served in the French Navy until 1936 when she was used for gunnery practice and sunk on 19 July 1938 .
Carleton Main Clement Captain Carleton Main Clement MC ( 15 May 1896 – 19 August 1917 ) was a Canadian First World War flying ace officially credited with 14 victories despite being handicapped by flying an obsolete plane . Early life and service . Clement attended Victoria College , Toronto University before serving as a private in the 47th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force . His enlistment form of 17 June 1915 gives his next of kin as W . H . P . Clement , and claims that Clement had previously served as a commissioned officer in the " B . C . Horse " . He was half an inch shy of six feet tall , with fair hair and complexion and blue eyes . Aerial service . He transferred to the Royal Flying Corps , being commissioned in March 1916 . His assignment to 22 Squadron had him piloting the outmoded Royal Aircraft Factory FE . 2 b , with observers such as Llewelyn Davies manning the front guns . Between 4 December 1916 and 5 June 1917 , he flew this obsolescent model to victory over eight different German Albatros fighters , sometimes teaming with such other aces as Gerald Gordon Bell , and earning the MC in the process . Towards the end of this run , he downed German ace Kurt Schneider ; Schneider would suffer with an infected thigh wound until succumbing on 14 July . Clement then switched to piloting Bristol F . 2 Fighter s . He and Davies set a reconnaissance plane afire on 29 July 1917 . Clement scored again on 10 August . Then , two days later , he set an Albatros D . V afire , drove another down out of control , and teamed with other pilots to drive two more D . Vs down out of control . Death in action . On 19 August , Clement was shot down and killed by antiaircraft fire from Flakzug 99 . Hugh Trenchard himself sent a telegram of regret to 22 Squadron .
Operation Cartoon Operation Cartoon was a British Commando raid on the island of Stord near Leirvik over the night of 23 and 24 January 1943 . It was carried out by fifty - three men of No . 12 Commando supported by ten men from the Norwegian Troop , No . 10 Commando . Operation . The raiders were transported to Stord by seven Royal Norwegian Navy motor torpedo boat s of the 30th MTB Flotila . Their objective was the destruction of the Pyrite mine on the island of Stord . On arrival at Stord half the commandos were landed at Sagvåg quay and engaged the defending German positions there whilst the remainder were landed on the other side of the bay . The commandos carrying of explosives reached the Pyrite mine which was away after twenty - five minutes . Exploding their explosive charges put the mine out of action for a year . On their extraction from the island the torpedo boats attacked a German steamer which they left sinking . The commandos also captured three German prisoners as well as a quantity of papers and equipment , this was achieved for the loss of one commando killed , two commando ’ s and eight sailors injured .
20th Parachute Division ( Germany ) The 20 . Fallschirmjäger - Division ( 20th Parachute Division ) was a fallschirmjäger ( airborne ) division of the German military during the Second World War , active in 1945 . The division was formed in March 1945 in the Netherlands , out of troops from the disbanded Fallschirmjäger Ausbildungs - und - Ersatz - Division , commanded by Walter Barenthin . It contained the 58th , 59th and 60th Fallschirmjäger Regiments , and the 20th Fallschirmjäger Artillery Regiment . The division did not manage to form fully before the end of the war , and did not see combat .
USS Margaret ( ID - 2510 ) USS " Margaret " ( ID - 2510 ) – shortly thereafter known as USS " Chatham " ( ID - 2510 ) - - was a cargo ship acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War I . She was used to carry cargo to Allied troops in Europe until the war ’ s end when she was returned to the U . S . Shipping Board for disposition . Leased in New York . " Margaret " , a 3 , 372 gross ton ( 7 , 523 tons displacement ) freighter , was built at Sparrows Point , Maryland , in 1916 . She was acquired on charter by the Navy from A . H . Bull Steamship Co . , New York , New York , 13 March 1918 . She was commissioned in the Navy at New York City , as USS " Margaret " ( ID # 2510 ) on 25 March 1918 with Lieutenant Commander T . J . Sammons , USNRF , in command . " Margaret " was assigned to the 3d Naval District under Naval Overseas Transportation Service and was renamed USS " Chatham " on 18 April 1918 , probably to avoid confusion with several other U . S . Navy vessels of the same name , most notably the converted yacht " Margaret " ( SP - 527 ) . World War I service . On the same date the freighter arrived in the Gironde River in France at the end of her first transatlantic convoy voyage from New York carrying Army supplies for the American Expeditionary Force . " Chatham " made four more such trips , delivering French steel billets and supplies for the Motor Transportation Corps to Le Havre in June for the Army of Occupation , general cargo to Rochefort in August and October , and more general cargo to Brest in December . Post - service demobilization . Upon returning to New York in late December 1918 she entered a shipyard for a complete overhaul and was soon designated for demobilization . USS " Chatham " was decommissioned on 10 February 1919 and transferred to the U . S . Shipping Board . Subsequent maritime career . " Chatham " was returned to her owners , the A . H . Bull Steamship Company of New York City . Reverting to the name " Margaret " , the ship appears to have continued to serve her original owners until she was sunk , without survivors , by the German submarine " U - 571 " on 14 April 1942 off Cape Hatteras .
Sagaris The sagaris is an ancient Iranian ( or Persian ) shafted weapon used by the horse - riding ancient North - Iranian Saka and Scythian peoples of the great Eurasian steppe . It was used also by Western and Central Asian peoples : the Medes , Persians , Parthayans , Indo - Saka , Kushans , Tocharians , Mossynoeci , and others living within the milieu of Iranian peoples . According to Aristarchus of Samothrace , the legendary Amazons used the " sagaris " , as well . In " The Histories , " Herodotus attributes the sagaris to the Sacae Scythians in the army - list of Xerxes the Great . The " sagaris " was a kind of battle - axe . Examples have been collected from Eurasian steppe archeological excavations , and are depicted on the Achaemenid cylinder s and ancient Greek pottery and other surviving iconographic material . It is a long - shafted weapon with a metal head , with an either sharp ( ax - like ) or blunt ( hammer - like ) edge on one side and a sharp ( straight or curving ) ' ice - pick ' - like point on the other . It may have been the " sagaris " that led medieval and Renaissance authors ( such as Johannes Aventinus ) weapon to attribute the invention of the battle - axe to the Amazons , and to the modern association of the Amazons with the Labrys . A shorter form , depicted on coins as held by Spalirises , was labelled " klevets " by Russian archaeologist and ancient military historian V . P . Nikonorov .
USS Galaxy ( IX - 54 ) USS " Galaxy " ( IX - 54 ) , was a diesel motor yacht built in 1930 by Pusey and Jones Company , in Wilmington , Delaware for Mr . Bernard W . Doyle , of Leominster , Massachusetts . Purchased by the United States Navy on 8 September 1941 and commissioned at East Boston , Massachusetts , on 20 September 1941 , with Lieutenant ( j . g . ) William D . Hodges , USNR , in command . The " Galaxy " was the only ship of the Navy to hold this name . Service history . " Galaxy " was acquired for the express purpose of research in underwater sound . Based at East Boston throughout her entire career , as a unit of the 1st Naval District , she completed a variety of assignments for the Underwater Sound Laboratory , Fort Trumbull , New London , Connecticut ; experimental underwater sound work for the Bureau of Ships and the Harvard Underwater Sound Laboratory . These operations were carried out at Boston and off New London ; and for a brief time off the Delaware breakwaters and in the Chesapeake Bay . She was decommissioned and was placed " in service " on 2 August 1945 , to continue her experimental assignments until placed out of service at Boston on 25 March 1946 . Her name was struck from the Navy List on 1 May 1946 and she was transferred to the Maritime Commission on 20 May 1946 for disposal .
Anti - submarine indicator loop An anti - submarine indicator loop was a submerged cable laid on the sea bed and used to detect the passage of enemy submarines . Developed by the Royal Navy during World War I , they were extensively used by the Allies during World War II to protect harbours against submarine attack . They worked as induction loop s – the submarine ' s magnetism induced a current in the cable as the submarine passed across it . The technology was first developed and trialled at the British Admiralty ' s Board of Investigation and Research at Harwich on the Essex coast in England . The first operational use was at the Grand Fleet ' s anchorage at Scapa Flow . The German submarine " UB - 116 " was detected by hydrophones at 21 : 21 on 28 October 1918 attempting to enter the harbour and anchorage via Hoxa Sound . Two hours later ( at 23 : 32 ) current was detected in an indicator loop laid in a remotely controlled minefield , induced by the submarine as it passed over the cables . Mines around the loop were detonated by remote control , sinking the submarine . It was the last U - boat destroyed by enemy action before the Armistice . After the war , indicator loop devices were further developed by the Admiralty ' s research divisions at HMS Vernon and HMS Osprey ( Portland Naval Base ) . In WW2 indicator loops were used by the Allies for harbour defence in the UK and it ' s dominions and protectorates , as well as by the US Navy .