naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Resolute ( 1894 ) The second USS " Resolute " was an auxiliary cruiser and transport that served in the United States Navy in 1898 - 1899 . She served during the Spanish - American War . Construction , acquisition , and commissioning . " Resolute " was launched on 10 February 1894 as the iron - hulled passenger ship SS " Yorktown " by Delaware River Shipbuilding and Engine Works at Chester , Pennsylvania . The U . S . Navy purchased her from her owner , the Old Dominion Steamship Company , on 21 April 1898 for service during the Spanish - American War and commissioned her as USS " Resolute " on 11 May 1898 with Commander Joseph G . Eaton in command . United States Navy service , 1898 - 1899 . Departing New York City on 25 May 1898 , " Resolute " s first assignment was to cruise between St . Nicholas Mole , Haiti , and Santiago de Cuba , Cuba , in search of the Spanish Navy squadron commanded by Admiral Pascual Cervera y Topete . After calling at Key West , Florida , on 8 June , " Resolute " returned to the southeast Cuban coast to assist the U . S . fleet in scouting , relying on her high speed for protection . She was present on 3 July at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba , steaming eastward to warn United States Army transports of the Spanish squadrons emergence from the harbor of Santiago de Cuba . Subsequently , " Resolute " transported Spanish prisoners - of - war to the United States , departing the Cuban coast on 8 July for Charleston , South Carolina ; Newport News , Virginia ; Tompkinsville , New York ; and New York City . " Resolute " returned to the Cuban war zone late in July . She engaged Spanish shore batteries at Manzanillo , Cuba , on 13 August , but sailed for the United States carrying returning Marines from the First Battalion who had made the first assault landing at Guantánamo Bay . The ship reached New York on 23 August and after inspection continued to Portsmouth Harbor the next day , where the First Marine Battalion was disembarked . In October , " Resolute " embarked the Evacuation Commission at Nuevitas , Cuba , for transportation to Havana , Cuba , and Key West , and again to Havana . Then she returned American troops home to the U . S . " Resolute " was out of service until December , while being fumigated following an outbreak of yellow fever on board . She then steamed between Havana and Key West on transport missions through March 1899 . Her final service was as a marker vessel for the steam trials of the new battleship at Portsmouth , New Hampshire , from May – September 1899 . " Resolute " arrived at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , on 2 October , and was decommissioned there on 15 December 1899 at League Island Navy Yard . Later career , 1900 - 1928 . " Resolute " was transferred to the United States Department of War on 22 January 1900 for service as the United States Army Transport USAT " Rawlins " . Returned to mercantile service in 1902 , she operated under the names SS " Powhatan " , SS " Cuba " , and SS " Seneca " until 1926 , when she burned and sank at New York City . She was refloated on 2 September 1928 and subsequently scrapped .
David John Roche David John Roche , born in Hibbing , Minnesota December 2 , 1918 enlisted in the U . S . Naval Reserve as seaman second class on November 13 , 1939 . He was appointed aviation cadet effective February 15 , 1940 , designated naval aviator ( heavier - than - air ) , October 14 , and became an ensign , USNR , effective October 21 , 1940 . Following training at Pensacola Naval Air Station , he was assigned to Torpedo Squadron 3 and reported for duty on December 1 . He was officially reported missing in action as of June 4 , 1942 , when the plane he was piloting was shot down in the Battle of Midway . For pressing home his torpedo attack on Japanese naval units in the face of tremendous antiaircraft fire and overwhelming fighter opposition , he was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross . Namesake . In 1943 , the destroyer escort USS " Roche " ( DE - 197 ) was named in his honor .
William E . Blaisdell William E . Blaisdell was an enlisted man in the Regular Army of the United States prior to and during the Mexican - American War . After Mexican War , he returned to civilian life as an inspector in the Boston Customs House . At the commencement of the Civil War he was offered the rank of captain in the Regular Army but instead chose to serve in the Volunteer Army , accepting the rank of lieutenant colonel with the 11th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry . He was eventually promoted to colonel and the command of the 11th Massachusetts . By the summer of 1864 , he was in temporary command of the Corcoran Legion . He was killed during the Siege of Petersburg on June 23 , 1864 and posthumously received the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general
Master Sergeant A master sergeant is the military rank for a senior non - commissioned officer in some armed forces . United States . A Master Sergeant is : In the U . S . Army , the rank of master sergeant is usually held by staff members serving as NCOIC s as well as commonly held by the motor pool NCOIC as the advisor to the motor pool chief , who is usually a warrant officer . When holding the position of first sergeant , while uncommon , the master sergeant is referred to as " first sergeant . " In the Marine Corps , master sergeants may be referred to by the nickname of " top . " This usage is an informal one , however , and would not be used in an official or formal setting . Use of this nickname by Marines of subordinate rank is at the rank holder ' s discretion . As with the first sergeant , a master sergeant is usually given the courtesy of having a room called to " at ease " upon entrance , regardless of duty position . All master sergeants are senior non - commissioned officers .
Glen Roy Rohrer Glen Roy Rohrer was a United States Army Sergeant First Class , who in August 1965 defected into communist Czechoslovakia and was subsequently used as a propaganda puppet by its communist regime . In the book " Naked Sphinx " ( 1976 ) , by the Czech regime press , he was presented as an " American military intelligence officer " - while in fact he was a polygraph examiner . He died under suspicious circumstances in June 2003 , his ashes were scattered on Malvazinky cemetery in Prague , all without the notification of his family . Until his 1965 defection , Sgt . Rohrer had been stationed as a polygraph operator at Camp King , Oberursel , Germany which was a joint Army / CIA / ONI / BND facility used for debriefing East Bloc defectors . He assisted in defector interrogations as a polygraph operator .
Joseph O . Fletcher Joseph Otis Fletcher ( May 16 , 1920 – July 6 , 2008 ) was an American Air Force pilot and polar explorer . Biography . He was born outside of Ryegate , Montana on May 16 , 1920 to Clarence Bert Fletcher ( 1884 - 1944 ) . The family moved to Oklahoma during the Dust Bowl . Fletcher started studying at the University of Oklahoma and then continued his studies in meteorology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology . After graduation , he entered the U . S . Army Air Corps and eventually became the deputy commanding officer of the 4th Weather Group , United States Air Force , stationed in Alaska . He married Caroline Sisco Howard on October 15 , 1949 . On March 19 , 1952 , his team landed with a C - 47 aircraft , modified to have both wheels and skis , on a tabular iceberg in the Arctic Ocean and established a weather station there , which remained manned for 22 years before the iceberg broke up . The station was initially known just as " T - 3 " , but soon renamed " Fletcher ' s Ice Island " . On May 3 , 1952 , pilot William P . Benedict and Fletcher as co - pilot flew that plane to the North Pole , becoming the first humans to land there and the first humans ( together with scientist Albert P . Crary , who flew with them ) to set foot on the exact geographical North Pole . ( However , some sources credit this achievement instead to a Soviet Union expedition that landed there on 23 April 1948 . ) Fletcher left the Air Force in 1963 . In later years , he held various management positions in meteorological institutions , including a post as director of the NOAA ' s Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research ( OAR ) . He received a doctorate from University of Alaska in 1979 . He retired in 1993 . In 2005 , he was awarded the honorary membership of the American Meteorological Society . He died on July 6 , 2008 in Sequim , Washington at age 88 . He was buried in Resthaven Memorial Park in Shawnee , Oklahoma .
James Carey ( Medal of Honor ) James Carey was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor . Biography . Carey was born in Ireland in either 1844 or 1847 , depending on the source . He later served in the U . S . Navy , entering the service from New York . About the year 1870 , while a member of the crew of USS " Huron " , he saved three fellow crewmen from drowning and was awarded the Medal of Honor . The printed record provides no further details , and is therefore ambiguous about which ship was involved . There were two ships of the name " Huron " which served in the 19th century , neither of which was in service in 1870 : , which was last in commission in October 1868 , and , which was wrecked in November 1877 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Seaman , U . S . Navy . Born : 1844 , Ireland . Accredited to : New York . Citation : Seaman on board the U . S . S . Huron , saving 3 shipmates from drowning .
German submarine U - 347 German submarine " U - 347 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was a member of three wolfpack s . She was on her fourth patrol when she was sunk by a British aircraft in July 1944 . She sank or damaged no ships . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 19 October 1942 at the Nordseewerke yard at Emden as ' werk ' 219 , launched on 21 May 1943 and commissioned on 7 July under the command of " Oberleutnant " Johahn de Buhr . " U - 347 " served with the 8th U - boat Flotilla , for training and the 9th flotilla for operations from 1 March 1944 . She was reassigned to the 11th flotilla on 1 June 1944 . 1st patrol . " U - 347 " had sailed from Kiel in Germany to Stavanger in Norway March 1944 , but her first patrol began when she departed Stavanger on 9 May . She arrived at Narvik on the 13th . 2nd patrol . Her second foray began on 15 May 1944 when she departed Narvik ( a port she would use as a base for the rest of her career ) , for the Norwegian Sea . She returned on 8 June . 3rd patrol . " U - 347 " departed Narvik on 23 June 1944 ; she returned the same day . 4th patrol and loss . The boat had departed Narvik on 3 July 1944 . On the 17th , she was sunk by a B - 24 Liberator of No . 86 Squadron RAF . Forty - nine men died in the U - boat ' s sinking ; there were no survivors . Previously recorded fate . " U - 347 " was thought to have been sunk on 17 July 1944 west of Narvik by a British PBY Catalina of No . 210 Squadron RAF . The pilot , Flying Officer John Cruickshank , was awarded the Victoria Cross for sinking " U - 361 " .
John Armstrong ( frontiersman ) John Armstrong ( April 20 , 1755 – February 4 , 1816 ) was an American soldier and jurist . He was born in New Jersey . During the American Revolutionary War he served as an officer in the Continental Army with the 12th Pennsylvania Regiment and the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment . His service record is sometimes confused with the more famous John Armstrong , Jr . , a Pennsylvania soldier who became U . S . Secretary of War . Armstrong served in the United States Army during the Northwest Indian War . In 1790 , General Josiah Harmar sent him on an exploration mission in the Northwest Territory . Later that year he led a detachment of regular soldiers that accompanied Kentucky militia under Colonel John Hardin in an expedition to attack a Native American village on the Eel River . The Americans were ambushed in the battle ; the militia fled and Armstrong barely escaped with his life . After the war , he served as treasurer of the Northwest Territory , a judge in Hamilton County , Ohio , and as magistrate in Columbia , Ohio . He spent his final years in Clark County , Indiana , where he died .
Siege of Oshi The 1590 siege of Oshi was one of many battles in Toyotomi Hideyoshi ' s campaigns against the Hōjō clan during Japan ' s Sengoku period . Oshi , which was a castle under the control of the Hōjō clan , was attacked by senior Toyotomi retainer Ishida Mitsunari . Throughout this siege , Mitsunari used a prior strategy of Toyotomi Hideyoshi , that of diverting a river to flood the whole castle area . Yet , the defenders under the Hojo retainers Narita clan held out until the fall of the Hojo stronghold Odawara .
Robert of Durazzo Robert of Durazzo ( 1326 – 19 September 1356 , Poitiers ) was the third son of John , Duke of Durazzo and Agnes de Périgord . He was the lord of Cappacio , Muro , and Montalbano in the Kingdom of Naples . Captured in 1350 at the siege of Aversa , he was held prisoner by Louis I of Hungary until 1352 . After his release , he took refuge with his uncle the Cardinal de Périgord in Avignon , which had just been sold to the Papacy by Joan I of Naples . His uncle attempted to arrange a marriage for him with the niece of Giovanni Visconti , lord of Milan , but on his journey to Milan , Robert was arrested by James of Piedmont . James ' wife , Sibylle des Baux , was convinced that Robert and his Durazzeschi kin had arranged the recent murder of her nephew Robert , Count of Avellino . ( Robert had married , by force , Maria of Calabria ; but falling into the hands of Louis of Taranto , was murdered by his wife ' s orders in the Castel dell ' Ovo . ) Robert was not released until 18 March 1355 , through the efforts of his uncle and Pope Innocent IV , and was made to swear to take no revenge on his captors . He immediately broke the promise by seizing the fortress of Les Baux on 6 April 1355 . This was the Provençal seat of Raymond des Baux , brother and successor of the murdered Robert . The Pope was outraged ; Robert was defended by his uncle in the papal curia , but did not escape excommunication . After an unsuccessful attempt at mediation by Walter VI of Brienne and others , local levies besieged the castle , and by July , Robert was compelled to surrender it to its rightful owner . He accompanied the Cardinal to the Battle of Poitiers . Before the battle , the Cardinal attempted to mediate between the English forces under Edward , the Black Prince and the French forces under John II of France . Robert , like many of the Cardinal ' s men , joined the fight on the French side , and was killed there . This violation of the neutrality which ought to adhere to a churchman and mediator so provoked Edward the Black Prince that he had Robert ' s body borne on a shield to the Cardinal as a mocking salute .
USS Inca ( 1898 ) USS " Inca " ( 1898 ) was a small yacht acquired by the United States Navy during the Spanish - American War . She was outfitted with an 11 - pounder gun and , for a short while , patrolled Boston Harbor , before being turned over to the Massachusetts militia as a training ship , a role she retained until 1908 . Built in South Boston . " Inca " — a screw steamer — was built in 1898 by George Lawley & Son , South Boston , Massachusetts , and was acquired by the Navy from F . B . McQuesten of Boston , Massachusetts , on 13 June 1898 . She commissioned on 15 June , Lieutenant W . E . McKay in command . Service history . Spanish - American War . " Inca " was assigned to Boston harbor during the Spanish - American War , serving as a patrol and training vessel . Post - war . She decommissioned on 27 August 1898 , and was turned over to the Massachusetts Militia , which she served as a training ship until 1908 .
First conflict in the Goryeo – Khitan War The First Goryeo - Khitan War was a 10th - century conflict between the kingdom of Goryeo and Khitan forces near what is now the border between China and North Korea . It occurred in 993 and was the first of the Goryeo - Khitan Wars , which were continued with the Second Goryeo - Khitan War ( 1010 ) and Third Goryeo - Khitan War ( 1018 ) . In 993 , the Khitan invaded Goryeo ' s northwest border with 60 , 000 troops . The Khitan withdrew and ceded territory to the east of the Yalu River when Goryeo agreed to end its alliance with Song China . However , Goryeo continued to communicate with Song , having strengthened its position by building fortresses in the newly gained northern territories .
Counterscarp A scarp and a counterscarp are the inner and outer sides of a ditch or moat used in fortifications . Attackers ( if they have not bridged the ditch ) must descend the counterscarp and ascend the scarp . In permanent fortifications the scarp and counterscarp may be encased in stone . In less permanent fortifications , the counterscarp may be lined with paling fence set at an angle so as to give no cover to the attackers but to make advancing and retreating more difficult . If an attacker succeeds in breaching a wall a coupure can be dug on the inside of the wall to hinder the forlorn hope , in which case the side of the ditch farthest from the breached wall and closest to the centre of the fortification is also called the counterscarp . Counterscarp gallery . These are tunnels or " galleries " that have been built behind the counterscarp wall inside the moat or ditch . Each gallery is pierced with loophole s for musket ry , so that attacking forces that enter the moat can be directly fired upon . Counterscarp galleries were usually built into the angles of the ditch to give the widest field of fire . Occasionally , casemate d artillery batteries were built into the counterscarp , but they were more commonly designed for infantry weapons only . The galleries were usually connected to the main body of the fort by a tunnel which passed under the ditch , or by a caponier , a gallery built across the floor of the ditch .
SNCAO CAO . 600 The SNCAO CAO . 600 was a French prototype twin - engined torpedo - bomber of the Second World War . It was intended to operate from two new aircraft carrier s of the French Navy , but only a single example had been completed and flown when the surrender of France in June 1940 ended development of the aircraft . Design and development . In 1937 the French " Service Technique de l ' Aeronautique " ( or Air Ministry ) launched its A47 specification to replace the Aéronavale ' s elderly Levasseur PL . 7 torpedo - bomber s and Levasseur PL . 101 reconnaissance aircraft , both obsolete biplanes , aboard the French Navy ' s two planned new aircraft carriers , the " Joffre " and " Painlevé " . The requirement demanded that the new aircraft , which was to act as a torpedo - bomber , level bomber and reconnaissance aircraft , had to have a maximum speed of over 300 km / h ( 186 mph ) , with an endurance of 3 . 5 hours as a torpedo - bomber and 6 hours on reconnaissance missions . Unusually for a carrier - based aircraft , particularly for 1937 , the specification demanded that the new aircraft be twin - engined , carrying a crew of two as a torpedo bomber and three as a level bomber or reconnaissance aircraft . An order for two prototypes was placed with the Société Nationale des Constructions Aéronautiques de l ' Ouest ( SNCAO ) on 15 June 1939 , with a similar order for two of the competing design from SNCAM , the Dewoitine D . 750 following on 26 July . The SNCAO design , the SNCAO CAO . 600 was an all - metal monoplane with an inverted gull wing and a retractable tailwheel undercarriage . The pilot and bombardier / navigator sat in separate cockpits with individual stepped windscreens , with the navigator in the extreme nose and the pilot above the leading edge of the wing . The radio - operator / gunner sat further aft , with his cockpit behind the wing . Power was provided by two Gnome - Rhône 14M radial engines . Operational history . The first prototype made its maiden flight on 21 March 1940 , being flown from Villacoublay to Istres on 31 March . It had completed 35 flying hours by 25 June when the test programme was stopped by the French surrender to Germany . The second prototype , which differed in having the folding wing s required for carrier operations , was abandoned incomplete , while the first prototype was dismantled and stored until it was finally scrapped following the German occupation of Southern France in November 1942 .
Kozukue Castle History . The main grounds are located on the top of a hill surrounded with trees . The castle was probably founded by Uesugi , around 1438 . During the siege of Odawara in 1590 by Hideyoshi , the castle was given up without a resistance . Today . The castle remains are located in the middle of big city of Yokohama , close to Kozukue Station on JR Yokohama line .
Lonach Highlanders The Lonach Highlanders are members of The Lonach Highland and Friendly Society , made up of men from the Strathdon area of Aberdeenshire in Scotland . The society was formed in 1823 . The principal aims of the Society are the preservation of Highland Dress and the Gaelic language ; to support loyal , peaceable manly conduct and the promotion of social and benevolent feelings among the inhabitants of this district . It was further agreed to open a fund for distressed members and their families . Unlike the Atholl Highlanders , the Lonach Highlanders have never been presented with colours , however they carry the society colour and two banners ensigned " LONACH " . They cannot be considered as part of the British Army – or indeed as an independent military force . The Highlanders parade annually during the annual Lonach Highland Games and Gathering , held on the 4th Saturday of August , to officially open the games . At various points along the route from Bellabeg ' to Strathdon , the column stops for a " wee dram " . This is led by the patron of the " Lonach Highland and Friendly Society " , part of the Forbes clan . Most of the men in Lonach are Forbes , although there is a section for the Wallace and Gordon clans as well , each with their own tartan . The current patron of the Lonach Highlanders is Sir James Forbes . The Lonach Highlanders are led by the Lonach pipe band at the Lonach Gathering every year , as well as other society occasions and visits abroad , such as in 1996 when they visited Hungary . On the 150th anniversary of Lonach a new colour and banners were presented at the Lonach Gathering . The following week the pipe band and highlanders marched over the hills to Braemar to present the new colours to Queen Elizabeth II at the Braemar Gathering . The Highlanders set up camp at Braemar Castle re - enacting an occasion that last happened during the reign of Queen Victoria .
Alexander Leschke Alexander Leschke ( 5 February 1889 – 7 December 1942 ) was a highly decorated Oberst der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Conrad Mardefelt Baron Conrad Mardefelt , formally " Conrad von Maesberg , friherre Marderfelt " ( c . 1610 - 1688 ) was a Field Marshal of Sweden ( 1675 ) . He was a nobleman of Pomeranian origin . After having distinguished himself as a fortification officer with Lennart Torstensson , he was entrusted with the command of all the Swedish fortifications on German soil , in 1646 . He became General in 1673 and then Field Marshal . King Charles created him a freiherr in 1677 with the baronial name " Marderfelt " ( from which some literature has tended to drop one - r - for some reason ) . He was the father of Arvid Axel Mardefelt .
2nd Motor Brigade ( Australia ) The 2nd Motor Brigade was a formation of the Australian Army during World War II . The brigade was converted in March 1942 , from the 1st Cavalry Brigade , the new brigade was assigned to the 1st Australian Motor Division . The brigade did not see any active service and was disbanded at Gherang , Victoria in January 1943 . Brigade units . All units that served with the brigade during the war .