naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Siege of Halicarnassus The Siege of Halicarnassus was fought between Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Persian Empire in 334 BC . Alexander , who had no navy , was constantly being threatened by the Persian navy . It continuously attempted to provoke an engagement with Alexander , who would have none of it . Eventually , the Persian fleet sailed to Halicarnassus , in order to establish a new defense . Ada of Caria , the former queen of Halicarnassus , had been driven from her throne by her younger brother Pixodarus of Caria . When Pixodarrus died , Darius had appointed Orontobates satrap of Caria , which included Halicarnassus in its jurisdiction . On the approach of Alexander in 334 BC , Ada , who was in possession of the fortress of Alinda , surrendered the fortress to him . Orontobates and Memnon of Rhodes entrenched themselves in Halicarnassus . Alexander had sent spies to meet with dissidents inside the city , who had promised to open the gates and allow Alexander to enter . When his spies arrived , however , the dissidents were nowhere to be found . A small battle resulted , and Alexander ' s army managed to break through the city walls . Memnon , however , now deployed his catapults , and Alexander ' s army fell back . Memnon then deployed his infantry , and shortly before Alexander would have received his first ( and only ) defeat , his infantry managed to break through the city walls , surprising the Persian forces . Memnon , realizing the city was lost , set fire to it and withdrew with his army . A strong wind caused the fire to destroy much of the city . Alexander committed the government of Caria to Ada ; and she , in turn , formally adopted Alexander as her son , ensuring that the rule of Caria passed unconditionally to him upon her eventual death . During her husband ' s satrapy , Ada had been loved by the people of Caria . By putting Ada , who felt very favorably towards Alexander , on the throne , he ensured that the government of Caria , as well as its people , remained loyal to Alexander .
Zaheerul Islam Lieutenant - General Zaheer ul - Islam ( ) HI ( M ) is the current Director - General of the Inter - Services Intelligence ( ISI ) ; he was appointed to the position on 9 March 2012 . Islam took over the position from his predecessor Ahmed Shuja Pasha , who left on 18 March . At the time of his appointment , he was serving as the Corps Commander V Corps , Karachi . Islam comes from a family with a prominent military background . His father retired as a brigadier in the Pakistan Army , while his three brothers and his brother - in - law Major Ejaz Aziz also retired as military officers . In addition , he is a nephew of the Indian National Army general and politician Shah Nawaz Khan , who was also the adoptive maternal grandfather of Bollywood film actor Shahrukh Khan . However , the Inter Services Public Relations ( ISPR ) refused to acknowledge any distant familial links between Zaheerul Islam and Shahrukh Khan . Military career . Zaheerul Islam was commissioned in the Punjab Regiment in the 55th PMA Long Course on 16 April 1977 . He served as Corps Commander V Corps in Karachi before appoinment of ISI Chief . Zaheer served as DG ( C ) in the ISI before he was promoted as a 3 - star general and moved to Karachi as corps commander . He was GOC Murree for some time before coming to the ISI . He also served as Chief of Staff in the Army Strategic Force Command for 2004 - 2006 .
Battle at The Lizard The naval Battle of the Lizard ( ) took place on 21 October 1707 during the War of the Spanish Succession near Lizard Point , Cornwall between two French squadrons under René Duguay - Trouin and Claude de Forbin and an English convoy protected by a squadron under Commodore Richard Edwards . Duguay - Trouin and Forbin were two of the most successful French naval commanders and they caused much damage to the allied merchant fleet . The battle . On 20 October 1707 a large merchant fleet consisting of 80 to 130 English ships left Plymouth for Portugal with supplies for the war in Spain . There were five escorting English ships under command of Commodore Edwards . The next day near Lizard Point they were spotted by 2 French squadrons of 6 ships each . Technically Forbin was the senior French officer , but Duguay - Trouin was the more aggressive , and his ships led the attack and suffered most of the damage , after Forbin ' s had discovered the British convoy . This battle was almost a complete victory for the French ; the 80 - gun " Cumberland " and the 50 - gun ships " Chester " and " Ruby " were taken , but " Royal Oak " escaped into Kinsale with a few merchantmen . The 80 - gun " Devonshire " defended herself for several hours against seven French ships until she caught fire and blew up , only three men escaping out of 500 . Ships involved : Britain ( Richard Edwards ) . 80 to 130 merchant ships Notes . There is no unanimity on the number of merchant ships captured . French sources speak of 60 ships out of 80 , some British of none at all . The fact that René Duguay - Trouin and Claude de Forbin quarrelled for many years about which of the two squadrons had the biggest role in the victory , points to a considerable number of ships captured . Probably the truth is somewhere in between : Polak in " Bibliographie maritime française " speaks of 15 merchant ships captured . References . Allen , Joseph . " Battles of the British Navy : from A . D . 1000 to 1840 " . Bell & Daldy publishing ( 1872 ) ASIN : B00087UD9S
Otto Brauneck Otto Brauneck was a World War I flying ace credited with ten aerial victories . Brauneck joined the air service and was posted to FFA 69 in Macedonia . He scored first in September 1916 . His second victory , over an observation balloon on 14 December , earned him the First Class Iron Cross . After an unconfirmed victory on Christmas Day , he shot down two balloons on 5 January 1917 . He then transferred to Jasta 25 on 14 January 1917 . On 19 January , he received the Knight ' s Cross of the House Order of Hohenzollern . Between 19 January and 6 April 1917 , he claimed seven triumphs , only three of which were confirmed . On 20 April 1917 , he moved to Jasta 11 on the Western Front , to serve under Manfred von Richthofen . He scored twice in early June . On 22 July 1917 , he shot down a 10 Naval Squadron Sopwith Triplane , probably Canadian 7 - win ace Flight Lieutenant John Albert Page . On 26 July Brauneck fell under the guns of 70 Squadron ' s Captain Noel Webb . Brauneck ' s personal Albatros D . III was reportedly painted red overall with a blue nose and spinner . References . " Above the Lines : The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service , Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918 " Norman L . R . Franks , " et al . " Grub Street , 1993 . ISBN 0 - 948817 - 73 - 9 , ISBN 978 - 0 - 948817 - 73 - 1 .
Mohammad Abbas Baig Brigadier General Mohammad Abbas Baig ( Urdu : برگیڈیر جنرل محمد عباس بیگ ) ( September 1917 – 19 April 2008 ) was a Pakistan Army one - star general officer . He was one of the pioneering military officers of the Pakistan Army who was dubbed " Baba - e - Artillery " ( father of the Artillery ) for his role in establishing this core section of Pakistani army . Abbas Baig ' s father , Mirza Azam Baig , was a prominent soldier who had fought in the European theatre for the British army during the Great War ( 1914 – 1918 ) . He survived a German gas attack and went on to serve in the personal bodyguard regiment of the emperor of Persia . British Army career . Abbas Baig joined the British Army in 1933 and earned commission to the rank of second lieutenant in 1938 . When the Second World War broke out , Abbas Baig was sent to Burma to fight the Japanese . He was an outstanding officer who proved his prowess in that conflict . Pakistan Army . Soon after the end of the war , the Islamic state of Pakistan was created and , he was one of handful of commissioned officers that formed the lower / middle ranks of the army . No senior officers existed and these ranks were filled by the " loaned " British commanders . The newly established Pakistan Army rapidly developed into an efficient force and it was primarily due to the dedication and hard work of officers such as Abbas Baig . He became the first Muslim commander of number three self - propelled medium regiment and the first commandant of the Artillery centre in Attock in 1952 . Amongst his early achievements were the raising of first artillery division and number one Artillery Corps and played a central role in establishing artillery corps to form the backbone of the army . Differences with Ayub Khan . Abbas Baig was one of the most senior officers serving under the army commander General Ayub Khan when he imposed martial law and became president of Pakistan in 1958 . Ayub Khan felt threatened by this brilliant young commander and he used his dictatorial powers to remove Abbas Baig from the scene in a mysterious circumstances . On the eve of being promoted from the rank of Brigadier to general , President Ayub not only blocked the promotion orders , he turned them to retirement directive . Forced Retirement by Ayub Khan . Abbas Baig had no political ambitions and decided to go quietly as a gentleman officer . Thus , came to a premature end a glittering and brilliant career of what could have been one of the finest military leaders the country has produced . After a long retirement , Brigadier Abbas Baig died in April 2008 in the village of Thatti Mughlah , Jhelum . His legacy continued with all three of his sons having served in the Pakistan army as officers and his grandsons are now carrying on the tradition by serving the very units of the army that Abbas Baig had helped establish more than half a century ago .
Riviresa Campaign Services Medal The Riviresa Campaign Services Medal ( In Sinhalese : ) is presented to all ranks of the Regular and Volunteer Forces of the military of the Republic of Sri Lanka and to those who have served in Operation Riviresa . Who received the medal . How medal awarded . The decoration is presented by His / Her Excellency the President after recommended by the respective Service Commanders .
Godfrey Ngwenya General Godfrey Nhlanhla Ngwenya MMS ( born 1950 ) was a South African military commander . Early life . General Godfrey Ngwenya was born in Johannesburg on 28 April 1950 . He attended Orlando High School , where he matriculated in 1970 . He joined the ANC and the ANC ' s Military Wing , Umkhonto we Sizwe ( MK ) , at the height of the student uprisings in South Africa in 1976 . While in exile he underwent military training in Angola and passed his further commanders ' courses in the then German Democratic Republic and the Soviet Union . Military career . He joined Umkhonto weSizwe ( MK ) , the military wing of the African National Congress , in 1976 , and commanded MK forces in Angola from 1983 to 1989 . He transferred to the South African National Defence Force when MK was incorporated into it in 1994 and he was appointed as Major General and served as Deputy General Officer Commanding of Witwatersrand Command in Johannesburg from 1994 to 1996 . From 1996 to 1998 he was General Officer Commanding of North West Command in Potchefstroom and from 1998 to the end of September 1999 Chief Director Force Preparation in the Army Office . He served as Deputy Chief of Joint Operations from 1 October 1999 to 31 December 2000 . He was promoted to the rank of Lt Gen on 1 January 2001 and appointed as Chief of Joint Operations to 2005 , when he was promoted to Chief of the SANDF . Awards and Decorations . In May 2010 Gen . Ngwenya was awarded the Legion of Merit by then Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral Mike Mullen In addition , he has been awarded the following medals and decorations : Ambassador to Angola . After this retirement from the SANDF General Ngwenya was appointed Ambassador to Angola
Physical Evaluation Board The Physical Evaluation Board ( PEB ) is a board within the United States Department of the Navy that makes fact finding decisions when members of the United States Navy or the United States Marine Corps challenge a discharge on the grounds of physical disability . 10 U . S . C § 1214 provides that " No member of the armed forces may be retired or separated for physical disability without a full and fair hearing if he demands it . " The Physical Evaluation Board was created by the United States Secretary of the Navy in order to provide a forum in which a member about to be retired or separated for physical disability can achieve the " full and fair hearing " required by law . Its procedures are set out in Secretary of the Navy Instruction 1850 . 4E ( Disability Evaluation Manual ) . The Board consists of experts who make findings as to the nature , cause , degree of severity , and probable permanency of the disability concerning the service member referred to the board . The Board then weighs these fact findings against the physical requirements of the service member ' s particular office , grade , rank or rating and then issues a final decision as to whether the individual should be retained in the service , or retired or separated on grounds of physical disability . The PEB is a member of the Secretary of the Navy Council of Review Boards and is overseen by the Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( Manpower and Reserve Affairs ) .
James B . Chandler James B . Chandler ( October 6 , 1837 – July 12 , 1899 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay . Born on October 6 , 1837 , in Plymouth , Massachusetts , Chandler was living in Boston when he joined the Navy . He served during the Civil War as a coxswain on the . In the April 1862 Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip , " Richmond " fought Confederate ships in the Mississippi and passed artillery batteries at Chalmette , Louisiana , leading to the capture of New Orleans . The ship then proceeded up the river and Chandler participated in the passage of Vicksburg , Mississippi , in mid - 1862 . Although recovering from illness , he " rendered gallant service " through heavy fire at the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on December 31 , 1864 . Chandler ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Richmond " during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram " Tennessee " in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Cool and courageous although he had just come off the sick list , Chandler rendered gallant service throughout the prolonged action as his ship maintained accurate fire against Fort Morgan and ships of the Confederacy despite extremely heavy return fire . He participated in the actions at Forts Jackson and St . Philip , with the Chalmette batteries , at the surrender of New Orleans and in the attacks on batteries below Vicksburg . Chandler died on July 12 , 1899 , at age 61 and was buried in his birth city of Plymouth , Massachusetts .
Vellaunodunum Vellaunodunum was a Gallic oppidum of the Senones tribe two days ' march from Agedincum . On the outbreak of Vercingetorix ' s revolt in 52 BC , Julius Caesar marched to this oppidum to besiege it , " in order that he might not leave an enemy in his rear , and might the more easily procure supplies of provisions " . In his own words , he : Caesar then marched on to besiege Genabum and Noviodunum Biturigum . These three sieges brought Vercingetorix to open battle at Noviodunum , where Caesar won , though this was soon followed by the Roman defeat at Gergovia . The exact location of Vellaunodunum has never been fixed , suggested sites including Montargis and Château - Landon .
Abu ' l Qasim ( Seljuq governor of Nicaea ) Abu ' l Qasim ( ) was the Seljuk governor of Nicaea , the Seljuk capital , from 1084 to his death in 1092 . Life . He was appointed to the post by Suleiman ibn Qutulmish , and after the latter ' s death in 1086 , declared himself sultan . His authority however was limited to his own domain in Bithynia and Cappadocia , where his brother ruled ; most of the Anatolian Seljuk realm fractured into independent or semi - independent emirates like the one led by Tzachas of Smyrna . Using his control of the Anatolian shore of the Marmara Sea , Abu ' l Qasim decided to build a navy at Kios and challenge the Byzantine navy . The Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos sent two of his generals , Manuel Boutoumites and Tatikios , against him . Abu ' l Qasim ' s army was defeated , his fleet destroyed , and he himself was forced to retreat to Nicaea , from where he concluded a truce with the emperor ( see Seljuq campaigns in the Aegean ) .
Flavius Josephus Carpenter Flavius Josephus Carpenter , born March 24 , 1851 in Franklin County , Georgia , died August 2 , 1933 , at home in Arkadelphia , Clark County , Arkansas , was an American Civil War veteran , steamboat captain , U . S . Marshal , and entrepreneurial businessman . He selected sites for two Arkansas Power & Light ( now a subsidiary of Entergy ) dams on the upper Ouachita River : Remmel Dam , which created Lake Catherine , and Carpenter Dam ) , which created Lake Hamilton in 1931 and the dam was named for him . Lake Hamilton and Lake Catherine in Hot Spring County , Arkansas now sit upstream and downstream of Carpenter Dam . Early life . He married on June 2 , 1877 in Clark County , Arkansas , to Jane Elizabeth Wallis , who was born in Aug 1857 in Missouri ; they were the parents of eight children .
Organisation Militaire Belge de Résistance The Belgian Military Organisation of Resistance ( ) or OMBR was an organization of the Belgian resistance to the Nazi occupation during the Second World War . It remained a reasonably small organization throughout the war , comprising a total of 3 , 112 men and women . The acronym of the group was deliberately chosen as a homophone of the French word " Ombre " meaning " Shadow " . History . Founded in 1940 , the group only adopted the acronym OMBR in July 1942 . The group ' s motto was " Better to die than to betray " and its vow " I swear to be faithful to the country , to observe the laws and constitution of the Belgian people , to obey my superiors and never to betray . "
Twenty - Fourth Air Force The Twenty - Fourth Air Force ( 24 AF ) - Air Forces Cyber ( AFCYBER ) is a Numbered Air Force ( NAF ) with the United States Air Force ( USAF ) . The USAF has consolidated its cyberspace combat and support forces into 24 AF . The Twenty - Fourth Air Force is the Air Force component of U . S . Cyber Command ( USCYBERCOM ) . The current commander is Major General James K . " Kevin " McLaughlin , who assumed command June 2013 . Formation . The Twenty - Fourth Air Force ( 24 AF ) was originally intended to be a part of the now - defunct Air Force Cyber Command ( AFCYBER ) ; however , 24 AF became a component of the Air Force Space Command ( AFSPC ) on 18 August 2009 . In August 2008 , then - new Air Force Chief of Staff Gen . Norton A . Schwartz placed a stop order suspending implementation of Air Force Cyber Command ( AFCYBER ) , halting personnel assignments and activation of units . On 6 October 2008 , following its annual Corona conference , the Air Force announced that the activation of AFCYBER would not take place , and that a Numbered Air Force , the Twenty - Fourth ( 24 AF ) , would gain the cyber warfare mission as part of Air Force Space Command ( AFSPC ) . One key element under 24 AF is the Air Force ' s primary network warfare wing , the 67th Network Warfare Wing ( 67 NWW ) , headquartered at Lackland Air Force Base , Texas . The new NAF also gained the following units : Over 14 , 000 airmen make up the work force of 24 AF . Many of these are in place at other organizations , and Air Force units host cyber specialists from other organizations . Before the command was officially activated , the Air Force had announced six possible locations for the headquarters of 24 AF . The candidate locations were : Barksdale AFB , LA , Lackland AFB , TX , Langley AFB , VA , Offutt AFB , NE , Peterson AFB , CO and Scott AFB , IL . On 15 May 2009 , Air Force officials announced that Lackland is the preferred alternative , and the decision was confirmed on 12 August 2009 . The organization officially stood - up on 18 August 2009 . On 22 January 2010 , 24 AF was certified by AFSPC / CC for its Initial Operational Capability ( IOC ) . Full Operational Capability ( FOC ) was declared on 1 October 2010 . History . In 2014 , the 24th provided the " Cyber Mission Force " for the Red Flag exercise for the first time .
77th Division ( People ' s Republic of China ) The 77th Division was a military formation of the People ' s Volunteer Army ( aka Chinese People ' s Volunteers ( CPV ) or Chinese Communist Forces ( CCF ) ) during the Korean War . The division was a component of the 26th Army , consisting of the 229th , 230th , and the 231st Regiments .
John D . Barry John Decatur Barry ( June 21 , 1839 – March 24 , 1867 ) was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Early life . Barry was born in Wilmington , North Carolina . He was educated at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Civil War . Barry enlisted in Company I of the 18th North Carolina Infantry when the Civil War began . He was elected captain of Company I in April 1862 . The 18th was part of Lawrence O ' Bryan Branch ' s brigade , and took part in all of the major battles with A . P . Hill ' s Light Division . Barry was wounded at the Battle of Frayser ' s Farm during the Peninsula Campaign . Following the Battle of Antietam , Barry was promoted to major . At the Battle of Chancellorsville , Barry gave the order to fire on Stonewall Jackson ' s party as they attempted to ride through James H . Lane ' s brigade , believing they were Union cavalry . Despite the error , Barry was promoted to colonel of the 18th North Carolina after the battle . He led the regiment during Pickett ' s Charge on July 3 at Gettysburg . Throughout the 1864 Overland Campaign , Barry continued to lead the 18th North Carolina . Lane was wounded at the Battle of Cold Harbor on June 2 and Barry was appointed brigadier general to replace him . However , on July 27 , at the Battle of Deep Bottom , he was wounded in the right hand . The wound caused him to lose two fingers to amputation . Because he was disabled and after Lane returned to lead the brigade , the appointment to brigadier general was cancelled . In February 1865 , Barry was ordered to command a department in North Carolina . Postbellum activities . Barry did not even live two years after the surrender of the Confederate forces . Returning home in poor health , he edited a newspaper in Wilmington before dying on March 24 , 1867 . Some of his friends and family said that Barry " died of a broken heart " for his role in Jackson ' s death . He is buried in Oakdale Cemetery in Wilmington .