naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Caspian Sea Monster The Caspian Sea Monster , officially « KM » ( Korabl Maket , Russian - Корабль - макет " Naval Prototype " ) , also known as the " Kaspian Monster " , was an experimental ekranoplan , developed at the design bureau of Rostislav Alexeyev . History . The KM was designed in 1964 — 1965 . It was a unique by size and payload . The first spy photographs from American spy satellites showed a strange aircraft carrying letters " KM " on its fuselage . CIA disambiguated it as " Kaspian Monster " , while it actually meant " Korabl maket " - " prototype ship " in Russian . Chief designer for this aircraft was Rostislav Alexeyev , lead engineer — V . Efimov . The ekranoplan had wingspan of 37 . 6 m , length - 92 m , maximum take - off weight - 544 tons . Until An - 225 it was the largest aircraft in the world . KM was designed as a special vehicle for the military and rescue teams . However designing such a machine caused serious difficulties . It was documented as a marine vessel and prior to the first flight a bottle of champagne was broken against its nose . It displayed the Soviet Navy Flag and was assigned to the Soviet Navy , since the ground effect is only possible within several meters from the surface . The new vehicle was , however , piloted by air force test pilots . Testing . KM testing started in 1966 at the Caspian sea near Kaspiysk ( Dagestan ) . First flight was performed by V . Loginov and Rostislav Alexeyev himself , which was very unusual - most Soviet aircraft designers never piloted their own creations . All works were conducted under patronage of the Ministry of shipbuilding industry . KM was tested at the Caspian Sea for 15 years until 1980 . In 1980 , pilot error caused a crash without human casualties . The vehicle was too heavy to be recovered from its watery wrecksite . See also . Lun - class ekranoplan
USS Mystic ( 1853 ) USS " Mystic " ( 1853 ) was a steamer acquired by the U . S . Navy prior to the American Civil War when she was known as the USS " Memphis " and served in the Paraguay expedition of 1858 and 1859 . During the American Civil War , she was used by the Union Navy as a gunship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways . Service history . 1853 – 1859 . The ship was built as " Mount Savage " , a 452 - ton ( burden ) screw steamship , in 1853 at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . She was renamed " Memphis " in 1857 . Chartered by the Navy in September 1858 , she served as USS " Memphis " during the Paraguay expedition of late 1858 and early 1859 . 1859 – 1865 . The steamer was purchased by the Navy in May 1859 and renamed USS " Mystic " a few weeks later . In June and July 1860 , while operating off Africa , " Mystic " captured two slave ships . During the first part of the Civil War " Mystic " served in the blockade of the Confederacy ' s Atlantic Ocean Coast . She assisted in the capture or destruction of four blockade runners off the coast of North Carolina in June – September 1862 , among them the steamers " Emma " and " Sunbeam " . While in the process of taking the latter , on 28 September , she was damaged in collision with . In May 1863 she supported the Union Army during an expedition up the York River and in September of that year seized a sailing vessel off Yorktown , Virginia . " Mystic " was employed in the Chesapeake Bay region from late 1862 until the war ' s end . Post - war . USS " Mystic " was sold to private owners in June 1865 . Renamed " General Custer " , she disappeared from merchant vessel registers in 1868 .
33rd Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry The 33rd Kentucky Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 33rd Kentucky Infantry was organized at Munfordville , Kentucky and mustered in for a three - year enlistment on September 13 , 1862 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel J . F . Lauck . The regiment was attached to District of Western Kentucky , Department of the Ohio , to April 1863 . 2nd Brigade , District of Central Kentucky , Department of the Ohio , to June 1863 . Unattached , Munfordville , Kentucky , 1st Division , XXIII Corps , Army of the Ohio , to August 1863 . Unattached , 2nd Division , XXIII Corps , to October 1863 . District of South Central Kentucky , 1st Division , XXIII Corps , to January 1864 . District of Southwest Kentucky , Department of the Ohio , to April 1864 . The 33rd Kentucky Infantry mustered out of service on April 1 , 1864 when its members were consolidated with the 26th Kentucky Infantry . Detailed service . Companies C and G participated in the siege of Munfordville , Kentucky , and Woodsonville , Kentucky , September 13 – 17 , 1862 , and was captured . The regiment was on duty at Munfordville , and on the line of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad and Lebanon Branch Railroad until April 1864 . Casualties . The regiment lost a total of 22 enlisted men during service , all due to disease .
Civilian Disobedience Medal The Civilian Disobedience Medal ( , ) was a war service medal of the Kingdom of Belgium established by royal decree on 12 February 1951 and awarded to Belgian citizens refusing to support the German war effort during the Second World War . Award description . The Civilian Disobedience Medal was a circular 37mm in diameter bronze medal . Its obverse bore the relief torso of a civilian male with his arms crossed and his face turned away to the right in defiance . The reverse bore the relief inscription on two lines in Latin " FORSAN VICTI NUNQUAM SERVI " roughly translating into " MAYBE DEFEATED BUT NEVER SLAVES " . The years " 1940 - 1945 " are inscribed along the reverse ' s upper circumference . The medal was suspended by a ring through a suspension loop to a 38mm wide silk moiré green ribbon with two 3mm wide longitudinal stripes located 1 cm from the edges , the stripes came in three different colours depending on the reason for bestowal :
Herbert Fitzherbert Admiral Sir Herbert Fitzherbert , KCIE , CB , CMG ( 10 August 1885 – 30 October 1958 ) was a Royal Navy admiral who served as the third Flag Officer Commanding , Royal Indian Navy , from 1937 to 1943 . Life and career . Fitzherbert was born at Kingswear , Totnes , Devon , the son of Samuel Wyndham Fitzherbert . He joined the Royal Navy in 1900 and was educated aboard the cadet training ship HMS " Britannia " . He was commissioned as an acting Sub - Lieutenant in 1905 , and was confirmed as a Sub - Lieutenant the following year . He was promoted to Lieutenant in 1907 . During the First World War , he served as a Flag Lieutenant to Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Jellicoe ( later the Earl Jellicoe ) at the Battle of Jutland , for which he was appointed a CMG in 1919 . He was also awarded the Legion d ' Honneur and the Russian Order of St . Anne for his service during the battle . Fitzherbert was promoted to Commander in 1917 and to Captain in 1924 . From 1926 to 1928 , he commanded the cruiser HMS " Coventry " , also serving as the Chief Staff Officer to the Rear - Admiral ( Destroyers ) Commanding Destroyer Flotillas of the Mediterranean Fleet . He then served as the Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord , Sir Frederick Field , from 1929 to 1930 . From 1931 to 1932 , he took the Imperial Defense Course at the Imperial Defence College , and was then appointed as Commanding Officer of the Signal School at Portsmouth aboard HMS " Victory " , holding the position until 1934 . He then commanded the cruiser HMS " Devonshire " in the Mediterranean until 1936 , when he received a promotion to Rear - Admiral . Fitzherbert was appointed a CB in the 1937 Coronation Honours and after attending the Senior Officers ' War Course at Greenwich , was appointed Flag Officer Commanding , Royal Indian Navy in November of that year . He was promoted to Vice - Admiral in 1939 , was knighted with the KCIE in 1941 and retired in 1943 . He was subsequently appointed as the Flag Officer in Charge , Tunisia and served there until 1944 . In 1946 , he was promoted to Admiral on the retired list and died in 1958 , aged 73 . He married Rachel Hanbury , and the couple had two sons , Nicholas and William ( Bill ) , who followed their father into the Navy , the former rose to the rank of Lieutenant , and died unmarried in 1946 , while the latter married Belinda Batt and had four children .
Turkish military memorials and cemeteries outside Turkey Turkish military memorials and cemeteries outside Turkey are memorial burial grounds of Ottoman and Turkish military personnel , which are located in 34 countries on three continents . According to the Turkish Ministry of National Defence , there exist military memorial cemeteries in Albania , Austria , Azerbaijan , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Czech Republic , Egypt , Estonia , Germany , Greece , Hungary , India , Iran , Iraq , Israel , Italy , Japan , Jordan , Korea , Kosova , Latvia , Libya , Malta , Myanmar , Northern Cyprus , Poland , Romania , Russia , Saudi Arabia , Serbia , Syria , Ukraine , United Kingdom and Yemen . Azerbaijan ranks on top with a total of nine cemeteries , followed by Northern Cyprus with eght and Uktraine with seven . Within the Israel - Palestine region , there are six cemeteries . Four cemeteries are located in Greece , three in Bulgaria , Czech Republic , Romania , Syria and the United Kingdom . Military Cemeteries and Memorials Department ( ) of the Turkish Ministry of Family and Social Policies is responsible for the maintenance and preservation of the memorial cemeteries . Cemeteries in countries far from Turkey , in which Turkish soldiers fell in Ottoman wars , are maintained and preserved by Turkish embassies . The farmost located memorial cemeteries are Ertuğrul Memorial Cemetery in Japan , United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan , South Korea , the Thayetmyo War Cemetery and Meiktila War Cemetery in Myanmar . 260 sailors of the Ottoman frigate " Ertuğrul " , who died following a marine disaster , are buried in Japan . Around 1 , 600 soldiers , who were sent as prisoners of World War I and died of hard labor conditions , are interred in Myanmar . There is a monument erected in remembrance of tens of thousands Ottoman soldiers fell in Yemen during the revolts in the second half of the 19th century and South Arabia Campaign of World War I . The biggest of the three Turkish cemeteries in Syria is located in Qatma , which holds more than one thousand soldiers fell in the World War I . In the cemeteries in Cairo and Alexandria , Egypt , more than three thousand Turkish soldiers rest . In the six cemeteries located in Israel and Palestine , more than six thousand soldiers are buried , who fell in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I . 480 soldiers of the Ottoman troops , who fought on the Galicia front during World War I , are interred at the Budapest Turkish Memorial Cemetery in Hungary . The Baku Turkish Martyrs ' Memorial in Azerbaijan is built in remembrance of 1 , 130 Ottoman troops killed in action against Bolshevik and Armenia n forces in the Battle of Baku in 1918 .
French ship Borée ( 1805 ) Borée was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . Design and construction . Designed based on plans by Jacques - Noël Sané , and updated by Maillot , she and her sister ( " Pluton " ) were the prototypes of a new variant of the " Téméraire " class designed to have a smaller draught , allowing the production of ships of the line in the shallow harbour of Antwerp . The construction of " Borée " was delayed due to a lack of timber , causing her completion date to fall behind that of , a sistership then under construction . " Borée " was retro - fitted with improvements introduced on " Pluton " . Career . In May 1805 , " Borée " was commissioned and Captain Louis - André Senes took command on 29 August . She was part of the Mediterranean squadron under Vice - Admiral Ganteaume , in Toulon . From February to April 1808 , " Borée " took part in Ganteaume ' s expedition to Corfu . In April 1809 , she took part in the escort of a convoy to Barcelona , in a division under Rear - Admiral Cosmao . In October 1809 , she resumed escort duties for a convoy to Barcelona , this time in a division under Rear - Admiral Baudin . The fleet departed Toulon on 21st , In the morning of the 23rd , the convoy was intercepted by a British squadron under Admiral Collingwood ; Baudin ordered the convoy to escape to the bay of Roses , while the escort attempted to distract the British . By noon , fourteen British ships were chasing the three French ships of the line and two frigates . In the morning of 24th , the French squadron anchored close to the coast ; it departed the next day at 5 , and Baudin gave his captains liberty of manoeuvre to negotiate the shallow waters . " Borée " reached deep waters , accompanied by the frigate " Pauline " , and was chased by HMS " Tigre " and " Leviathan " ; the running Battle of Maguelone ensued , Senes attempting to moor his ship off Sète . The aviso " Provençale " had witnessed the fight and her captain , Ensign Vallat , proposed to lead " Borée " into the harbour of Sète . The delicate manoeuvre succeeded , putting " Borée " out of reach of the British squadron . " Borée " and " Pauline " returned to Toulon , where they arrived on 19 November . In 1811 , " Borée " remained in Toulon with the Mediterranean squadron , under Senez . On 18 November 1812 , Captain Jean - Michel Mahé took command of " Borée " , part of the squadron commanded by Vice - Admiral Émeriau . He captained " Borée " during the Action of 5 November 1813 and until her decommissioning on 13 June 1814 . " Borée " remained decommissioned in Toulon until 1828 , when she was struck and broken up .
Siege of Toul The Siege of Toul was the siege of the French town of Toul from 16 August to 23 September 1870 by Prussia n , Bavarian and Württemberg forces during the Franco - Prussian War . 64 guns opened fire at 6am on September 23 , and the fortress surrendered at 3pm after 2 , 433 shells had been fired .
Sentai In Japanese , is a military unit and may be literally translated as " squadron " , " task force " , " group " or " wing " . The terms " regiment " and " flotilla " , while sometimes used as translations of " Sentai " , are also used to refer to larger formations . World War II . It is perhaps best known as a term used during World War II by the military of the Empire of Japan , for Imperial Japanese Army Air Force ( IJAAF ) and Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service ( IJNAS ) military aviation units equivalent to a group or wing in other air forces . However , the term had slightly different meanings in the IJAAF and the IJNAS . An IJAAF " Sentai " was made up of two to four squadrons ( " chūtai " ) . In the IJAAF , two or more " Sentai " comprised a " hikōdan " ( air brigade ) . In the later stages of World War II , the IJAAF abolished " chūtai " and divided its " sentai " into " hikōtai " ( flying units ) and " seibitai " ( maintenance units ) . A " sentai " commander ( " sentaichō " ) was generally a Lieutenant Colonel . In the IJNAS , a " sentai " was a larger unit : a " kōkūtai " was the equivalent of an IJAAF " sentai " . Several " sentai " made up a " kantai " ( air fleet ) . In the IJNAS , a " Sentaichō " was usually a Naval Captain . Imperial Japanese Navy Fleets . Sentai in the Japanese Navy was prescribed by a law the " Naval military command No . 10 , Kantairei " ( 艦隊令 ) on 30 November 1914 . It is as follows if paraphrase them . Cultural references . The is a franchise of Japanese tokusatsu television dramas that uses the word " sentai " to describe a group of three or more costumed superhero es who often pilot fictional robotic vehicles .
HMAS Flinders HMAS " Flinders " ( A 312 ) , named for Matthew Flinders ( 1774 - 1814 ) , was a hydrographic survey ship of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . " Flinders " was laid down by HMA Naval Dockyard at Williamstown , Victoria on 11 June 1971 . She was launched on 29 July 1972 and commissioned into the RAN on 27 April 1973 . Following the destruction of Darwin by Cyclone Tracy during the night of 24 – 25 December 1974 , " Flinders " was deployed as part of the relief effort ; Operation Navy Help Darwin . She sailed from Cairns on 26 December , and as the first ship to arrive , " Flinders " was tasked with surveying the harbour to work out the position of wrecks and the safest areas for the other RAN ships to anchor . " Flinders " was decommissioned in 1998 . After decommissioning she was sold to a private party and remodeled into a luxury super yacht . Her current name is " M / Y Plan B " .
91st Cavalry Regiment ( United States ) The 1st Squadron , 91st Cavalry Regiment ( Airborne ) is a light Airborne Reconnaissance Squadron currently serving as the 173rd Airborne Brigade ' s Reconnaissance , Surveillance and Targeting Acquisition ( RSTA ) Squadron based out of Conn Barracks in Schweinfurt , Germany . It is the only U . S . Army Airborne RSTA Squadron within the European , Middle East , and Africa ( EMEA ) area of responsibility . The 91st Reconnaissance Squadron was reactivated , reorganized and redesignated the 1st Squadron ( Airborne ) , 91st Cavalry Regiment on 8 June 2006 , at Conn Barracks in Schweinfurt , Germany . This reactivation was part of the transition of the 173rd Airborne Brigade to the U . S . Army ' s new modular force structure . The 91st Reconnaissance Squadron was originally organized as a mechanized cavalry reconnaissance squadron in the 1st Cavalry Division . It was the oldest and most experienced squadron ( battalion ) size mechanized reconnaissance unit in the Army . It completed six campaigns in North Africa , Sicily , and Italy during World War II , while attached to various Infantry and Armored Divisions . The 91st Cav Recon Squadron was a nondivisional unit and reported directly to the Army ' s II Corps . The unit was deactivated on 23 June 1953 . This reactivation was the first time the colors of the 1st Squadron ( Airborne ) , 91st Cavalry Regiment had flown since the end of World War II . Organized as Task Force Saber , 1 - 91 CAV subsequently deployed twice with the International Security Assistance Force ' s ( ISAF ) Regional Command - East . During Operation Enduring Freedom VIII the Squadron deployed troops to the Nuristan , Kunar , Nangarhar , and Paktika Provinces of Eastern Afghanistan . During OEF X , the Squadron deployed troops to the Logar Province about 50 miles South of Kabul , the capital of Afghanistan . In June 2012 , 1 - 91 CAV would return to Logar Province , Afghanistan once again in support of OEF XII - XIII . This time , the Squadron held a significant role as the Battle Space owner for nearly all of Logar Province . Soon after returning to Germany in March 2013 , 1 - 91 CAV moved from Schweinfurt to Tower Barracks in Grafenwoehr due to a Brigade realignment and the imminent closure of Conn Barracks .
Albrecht Krügel Albrecht Krügel was an Obersturmbannführer ( Lieutenant Colonel ) in the Waffen - SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Career . Krügel was born on 22 April 1913 at Nordhorn and was an early member of the NSDAP and SS joining in 1931 and was issued the party number 419 297 and SS service number 11 433 . He was selected for officer training and sent to the SS - Junkerschule at Braunschweig in April 1935 , after graduation he was posted to Dachau as a platoon commander . By 1940 he was a Company commander in the SS - VT during the Battle of France , in March 1941 he was the Adjutant of the " Germania Regiment " His award of the Knight ' s Cross came while he was in command of the 2nd Battalion , 23rd SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Norge " , 11th SS Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Division " Norland " and the Oakleaves while in command of the 24th SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Danmark " in November 1944 . He was wounded in action on 16 March 1945 at Altdamm and died on the way to hospital .
USS Marija ( SP - 413 ) USS " Marija " ( SP - 413 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1922 . " Marija " was built as a private motorboat of the same name by Edgar Young at Wilmington , North Carolina . On 25 July 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , R . P . McClanny , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Marija " ( SP - 413 ) on 27 July 1917 with Lieutenant James P . Muloey in command . Attached to the 6th Naval District , " Marija " operated on section patrol in and around Charleston , South Carolina , until 1922 . " Marija " was decommissioned on 14 March 1922 and sold to Whaley Whipple of Washington , D . C . , on 6 June 1922 .
Gilbert Horal Gilbert Horal or Erail ( died December 1200 ) was the 12th Grand Master of the Knights Templar . He was born an Aragonaise ( from Aragon in Spain ) , and entered the Templars at a young age . He stayed in the provinces of Provence and Aragon , where he took part in the battles of Reconquista , and became Grand Master of the province until 1190 , when he became the Visitor of France . In 1193 , after the death of Robert de Sablé , he became Grand Master of the Order , and in 1194 , Pope Céléstin III gave the Templars more privileges . Horal was known for wanting peace between the Christians and the Moslems , though some disagreed and thought that this showed treason and collusion with the enemy . During his leadership the quarrel between the Templars and Hospitaliers increased . The arbitration of Pope Innocent III was in favour of the Hospitaliers because the Pope could not forgive the Templars for making the agreements that they had with Malek - Adel , brother of Saladin . Another of Gilbert Horal ' s accomplishments was that he took the time to organize and consolidate the possessions of the Templars in France and Apulia . In Spain , the Templars took an active part in the Reconquista , and in 1196 were given the fortress of Alfambra by Alfonso II of Aragon as a reward for their efforts in the battle .