naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
German submarine U - 188 German submarine " U - 188 " was a Type IXC / 40 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " built for service during World War II . Laid down on 15 August 1941 by AG Weser of Bremen as ' werk ' 1028 , she was launched on 30 March 1942 and commissioned on 5 August under the command of " Oberleutnant " Siegfied Lüdden . The boat carried out three patrols and she was a member of three wolfpack s . She sank eight ships and one warship ; she also damaged one ship . She was scuttled at Bordeaux , France in August 1944 . The wreck was broken up in 1947 . Operational history . 1st patrol . " U - 188 " sailed from Kiel on 27 October 1942 . She steamed through the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands , into the Northern Atlantic Ocean . The boat ' s first victim was an old ' four stacker ' destroyer , HMS " Beverley " in mid - Atlantic on 11 April . Less than a month later , the inbound submarine was attacked by an Armstrong - Whitworth Whitley of No . 612 Squadron RAF in the Bay of Biscay on 2 May . The Commander and one crewman were wounded . The crewman died in hospital in Paris on 12 May . " U - 188 " docked at Lorient in occupied France on 4 May . 2nd patrol . Having left Lorient on 30 June 1943 , " U - 188 " headed for the Indian Ocean . She sank the " Cornelia P . Spencer " about off the coast of Somalia on 21 September . She was also successful when she damaged the " Britannia " in the Gulf of Oman on 5 October . This ship was held together by wires and chains on the orders of the master who was known as the ' crazy Norwegian ' by the British naval authorities in Bombay . The ship loaded 6 , 000 tons of oil in Abädän , Iran . She was eventually repaired in Baltimore in March 1944 . The boat crossed the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal before docking at Penang in Malaya ( now Malaysia ) on 30 October . 3rd patrol . " U - 188 " s third and final foray was her longest and most successful . Operating off the Horn of Africa , she sank seven ships in a 171 day patrol . Two of them , the " Fort la Maune " and the " Samouri " were sent to the bottom with no casualties . It was a different story concerning the fate of the Chinese registered " Chung Cheng " . Twenty men out of seventy - one were lost . The ship sank quickly , probably due to her cargo of 8 , 350 tons of ilmenite ore . The boat returned to France , but to Bordeaux on 19 June 1944 . Fate . " U - 188 " was scuttled in Bordeaux to prevent her being captured by the advancing Allies on 20 August 1944 . The wreck was broken up in 1947 .
Bardufoss concentration camp The Bardufoss concentration camp is located in Northern Norway in the municipality of Målselv . During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany , the Nazi authorities established a " concentration camp in the town of Bardufoss , " as an annex to the Grini concentration camp . It opened in March 1944 to alleviate overflowing in other camps , particularly Grini and the Falstad concentration camp . Situated in a cold climate , it was notorious for its hard work regime , sparse rations , and inadequate shelter . It is estimated that some 800 prisoners passed through the camp , and when liberated about 550 were incarcerated .
John Shiwak John Shiwak ( 1889 – November 20 , 1917 ) born Rigolet , Labrador , Canada and died at Masnieres , France , when a German shell exploded killing him and six of his fellow soldiers during the First World War . He was a member of the Newfoundland Regiment and noted as one the best sniper s in the British forces during the war . Shiwak , an Inuit , lived at Cul - de - Sac , a small community near Rigolet , at the entrance to Lake Melville . According to family lore , the family name was changed from Sikoak , an Inuit word meaning " thin ice , " by Dr . Harry Paddon of the Grenfell Mission to Shiwak . He was a hunter in the far interior of Labrador and also of the Labrador Sea near his hometown , where he learned to handle a rifle . Shiwak had joined the Legion of Frontiersmen , a paramilitary organization that had been founded in Great Britain in 1905 and had set up operations in Newfoundland and Labrador in 1911 . In 1915 Shiwak left Rigolet for St . John ' s and enlisted in the Newfoundland Regiment . During his time in the war his superiors recognised his abilities as a sharp shooter and he was promoted to Lance Corporal . As part of the mission to clear pockets of resistance near Cambrai , on November 20 , 1917 , the regiment was engaged in an assault on the French village of Masnieres when a German shell exploded killing seven , including Shiwak .
Richard Gustavus Hamilton - Russell Brigadier Richard Gustavus Hamilton - Russell ( 4 February 1909 - 2 March 1999 ) was an Irish peer , soldier and polo player . Biography . He was the son of Gustavus William Hamilton - Russell , 9th Viscount Boyne and Lady Margaret Selina Lascelles . He was educated at Eton College . Hamilton - Russell fought in World War II and was decorated with the award of Companion , Distinguished Service Order ( D . S . O . ) in 1943 and the award of Companion , Distinguished Service Order ( D . S . O . ) ( and bar ) in 1944 . He became a Brigadier in the 17th / 21st Lancers . In 1956 he became a member of the Gentlemen at Arms the British Monarch ' s personal bodyguard . Between 1957 and 1965 served as Colonel of the 17th / 21st Lancers . In 1968 his position was High Sheriff of Yorkshire and in 1973 Deputy Lieutenant ( D . L . ) of the North Riding , Yorkshire . In 1977 he became a Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order ( L . V . O . ) . Family . In 1939 Hamilton - Russell married Hon . Pamela Penelope Cayzer , the daughter of Herbert Robin Cayzer , 1st Baron Rotherwick and his wife Freda Penelope Rathbourne . They had three children ; Brian Gustavus Hamilton - Russell , Richard Desmond Hamilton - Russell and Veronica Anne Hamilton - Russell .
HMCS Goose Bay ( MM 707 ) HMCS " Goose Bay " ( MM 707 ) is a that has served in the Canadian Forces since 1998 . " Goose Bay " is the eighth ship of her class which is the name for the Maritime Coastal Defence Vessel Project . She is the first vessel to use the designation . " Goose Bay " was laid down on 22 February 1997 at Halifax Shipyards Ltd . , Halifax and was launched on 4 September 1997 . She was officially commissioned into the CF on 26 July 1998 and carries the pennant number 707 . She is assigned to Maritime Forces Atlantic ( MARLANT ) and is homeported at CFB Halifax . In August 2010 the " Goose Bay " participated in Operation Nanook 2010 , in the Canadian Arctic . This was the fourth annual joint exercise , and the first where foreign vessels participated .
List of U . S . Air Force Test Pilot School alumni The United States Air Force Test Pilot School ( TPS ) graduated the following notable alumni who made significant contributions to the aerospace field . The school ' s mission is to produce experimental test pilots , flight test engineer s , and flight test navigators to lead and conduct test and evaluation of aerospace weapon systems . The school was established on September 9 , 1944 as the Flight Test Training Unit at Wright - Patterson Air Force Base ( AFB ) in Dayton , Ohio . To take advantage of the uncongested skies and superb flying weather , the school was moved on February 4 , 1951 to its present location at Edwards Air Force Base in the Mojave Desert of Southern California . Edwards AFB is the home of the Air Force Flight Test Center and has been an integral part of flight testing for over fifty years . Between 1962 and 1972 , the Test Pilot School expanded its role to include astronaut training for military test pilots . Thirty - seven TPS graduates of this era were selected for the U . S . space program , and twenty - six went on to earn astronaut ' s wings by flying in the X - 15 , Gemini , Apollo , and Space Shuttle programs . Although the school no longer trains astronauts , many TPS graduates since 1972 have been selected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ) for duties in space . The school encourages applications from civilians , personnel from other U . S . military services , and individuals from foreign countries . An exchange program allows selected students to attend other test pilot schools including the United States Naval Test Pilot School , the United Kingdom ' s Empire Test Pilots ' School , and France ' s EPNER . List of famous alumni . The following graduates of the USAF Test Pilot School are listed in the roles for which they are most notable . These roles include : Astronauts . Individual was killed in a work - related ( aviation ) accident . < br > Flight test . Individual was killed in a work - related ( aviation ) accident . < br >
Vladimir Istomin Vladimir Ivanovich Istomin ( " Владимир Иванович Истомин " in Russian ) ( 1809 – March 7 ( 19 ) , 1855 ) was a Russia n rear admiral ( 1853 ) and hero of the Siege of Sevastopol . In 1827 , Vladimir Istomin graduated from the Naval College . That same year , he then took part in the Battle of Navarino and later in the blockade of the Dardanelles ( 1828 - 1829 ) . In 1836 , Istomin was transferred from the Baltic Fleet to the Black Sea Fleet . In 1850 , he was appointed commander of the battleship " Paris " ( Париж ) , which would participate in the Battle of Sinop in 1853 . During the siege of Sevastopol , Vladimir Istomin was in charge of the defense of the Malakhov Mound ( Малахов курган ) and nearby redoubt s , setting an example of bravery and tenacity . He was killed by a cannonball on the Kamchatka redoubt on March 7 , 1855 . Vladimir Istomin was buried in the Admirals ' Burial Vault in Sevastopol .
Tour du coin The tour du coin ( = tower of the corner ) is one of the main towers of the ancient wall of Philippe Auguste in Paris , built between 1190 and 1209 . The towers of the corner . The corners of a medieval fortress were sensitive parts , because easier to attack and hard to defend . And when the enemy reached the top of the wall , he was hidden by pieces of masonry and hard to repulse . So , the " towers of the corner " , as they were called , had to be very strong . They were built larger and taller than the other ones . At the bottom of these towers , there were wider ditches , fences , and sometimes advanced forts or bastions . We find also some " tours du coin " in the city of Carcassonne , in the castle of Pierrefonds and the well - known fortress of " la Bastille " . The tower of the corner of the wall of Philippe - Auguste . This is one of the four main towers of the wall that protected the city against attacks from the river Seine . It stood at the corner of the downstream side of the river ( i . e . the west side of the wall ) on the right bank , opposite to the Tour de Nesle on the left bank . Approximately at the current location of the Pont des Arts . At night , they put chains on ships installed in the middle of the river connecting the two towers to prevent incursions from the river , creating a boom defence . Upstream of the city and on each side of the river , the Tour Barbeau ( right bank ) and the Château de la Tournelle ( left bank ) had the same goal . These four towers were 25 meters high and 10 m of diameter . The tour du coin look like the tour de Nesle , which is best known . Like on this one , there was , a cylindrical narrow tower used for external staircase and higher than the top deck of the tower . At that time , the Château du Louvre stood outside the enclosure , strengthening it on the North - West side in direction of Normandy at that time occupied by the English . Ulterior evolutions . The wall of Charles V was built on the right bank from 1356 to 1383 outside the walls of Philippe Auguste . It enclosed the Louvre Castle . On the new wall , it was the Tour du Bois ( = tower of the wood ) which was now the more western tower . However , the " tour du coin " was kept . A wall was built as a " return " between the Tour du Bois and the tour du coin along the River . The tour du coin remained necessary to prevent incursions of boats with the chains drawn through the river up to the Tour de Nesle on the left bank . The main part of the tour du coin was demolished in 1531 . The lowest part of the tower was destroyed only in 1719 , with the reconstruction of the Quai du Louvre ( = Pier of Louvre ) .
29th Indiana Infantry Regiment The 29th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Total strength and casualties . The regiment lost 4 officers and 56 enlisted men killed in action or died of wounds and 4 officers and 240 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 304 fatalities .
Air Force Cost Analysis Agency The Air Force Cost Analysis Agency ( AFCAA ) performs independent component cost analyses for major space , aircraft , and information system programs as required by public law and Department of Defense policy , or those of special interest . It is responsible for cost estimating and for enhancing the state - of - the - art in cost analysis . It provides guidance , analytical support , and quantitative risk analyses to 11 major commands and the Air Force corporate staff on development of cost per flying - hour factors and resource requirements . AFCAA performs special studies supporting long - range planning , force structure , Analysis of Alternatives , and life - cycle cost analyses .
William Lowther " Mudwall " Jackson William Lowther " Mudwall " Jackson Jr . ( born February 3 , 1825 in Clarksburg , West Virginia , died March 26 , 1890 in Louisville , Kentucky ) was the third Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1857 until 1860 . After the outbreak of the American Civil War , he joined the Confederate Army as a Colonel and served on the staff of General Stonewall Jackson ( his second cousin ) . He was promoted to Brigadier General in 1864 , and fled to Mexico following the war ' s end . He later moved to Kentucky where he became a judge .
USS Fallon ( APA - 81 ) USS " Fallon " ( APA - 81 ) was a " Gilliam " - class attack transport that served with the US Navy during World War II . Commissioned late in the war , she was initially assigned to transport duties and consequently did not participate in combat operations . " Fallon " was named after a county in Montana . She was launched 14 December 1944 by Consolidated Steel at Wilmington , California , and commissioned 14 February 1945 , Commander W . L . Phinney , USNR , in command . Operational history . World War II . " Fallon " sailed from San Pedro 12 April 1945 for Pearl Harbor , her base from 21 April to 22 May on two voyages to the Marshalls , Marianas , and Gilberts with garrison troops . She returned to the west coast 28 May , made another voyage to Honolulu and Eniwetok carrying soldiers , and arrived at Pearl Harbor once more 9 August . After hostilities . At Pearl , " Fallon " loaded Marines , whom she landed at Sasebo , Japan , for occupation duty 22 September . The attack transport carried servicemen eligible for discharge from Okinawa and Sasebo to San Diego between 23 September and 29 October 1945 , then made another voyage to the Philippines to return veterans . Operation Crossroads . At San Francisco from 5 January 1946 to 16 February , and then at Pearl Harbor , she was prepared for use as a target ship in Operation Crossroads , the atomic weapons tests at Bikini Atoll . She reached the Marshalls 28 May , and after the experiments , was towed to Kwajalein for study . Decommisson . Decommissioned 20 September 1946 , she was sunk off Kwajalein on 11 March 1948 .
Alfred Matern Alfred Matern ( 15 December 1910 – 26 March 1945 ) was an Oberfeldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II , and one of only 882 recipients of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Battle of Grijó The Battle of Grijó ( ) ( 10 – 11 May 1809 ) was a battle that ended in victory for the Anglo - Portuguese Army commanded by Sir Arthur Wellesley ( the future 1st Duke of Wellington ) over the French army commanded by Marshal Nicolas Soult during the second French invasion of Portugal in the Peninsular War . The next day , Wellesley drove Soult from Porto in the Second Battle of Porto . Notes . In " The History of the Rifle Brigade " , Willoughby Verner describes how the " ad hoc " 1st Battalion of Detachments , made from soldiers and officers of multiple regiments who had become stranded with the evacuation of Coruna , fought for the first time near the village of Grijó ( Vila Nova de Gaia ) :
Self Defense Test Ship The Self Defense Test Ship ( SDTS ) is one of the assets of the US Navy . It is a refurbished ship , operated by remote control , which is designed to support self - defense engineering , testing , and evaluation . Being unmanned , it avoids the safety constraints and other problems associated with manned ships . During typical operations , launched threats attack the ship and the combat or weapon system being tested responds to these threats , defending the ship . The prearranged attack is in practice aimed at a decoy barge pulled 150 feet behind the SDTS in case of damage . The current SDTS is the former , which replaced the former in 2005 .
Treaty of Stralsund ( 1370 ) The Treaty of Stralsund ( 24 May 1370 ) ended the war between the Hanseatic League and the kingdom of Denmark . The Hanseatic League reached the peak of its power by the conditions of this treaty . The war began in 1361 , when Danish king Valdemar Atterdag conquered Scania , Öland , and Gotland with the major Hanseatic town Visby . In 1362 , a Hanseatic counterstrike was repelled by the Danish fleet at Helsingborg , which led Hansa to accept a truce culminating in the unfavourable Treaty of Vordingborg ( 1365 ) , depriving the league of much of its privileges . Unwilling to accept the treaty , the Hanseatic League , which used to be a trade league rather than a political union , raised a fleet through the Confederation of Cologne in 1367 and renewed their Swedish alliances . In the following battles , Valdemar and his Norwegian son - in - law Hakon VI were utterly defeated . The treaty was negotiated for Denmark by drost Henning Podebusk and for the Hanseatic League by the burgomasters Jakob Pleskow of Lübeck and Bertram Wulflam of Stralsund . In the treaty , the freedom of Visby was reestablished . Furthermore , Denmark had to assure the Hanseatic League of free trade in the entire Baltic Sea . This gave the Hanseatic League a monopoly on the Baltic fish trade . The league also gained the right to veto against Danish throne candidates .
John Simpson ( Presbyterian ) The Reverend John Simpson ( 1740 - 1808 ) , was a Presbyterian minister , Whig leader and Patriot in the American Revolution . Life . Of Scotch - Irish descent , Simpson married Mary Remer ( 1743 - 1812 ) in 1765 in New Jersey . He graduated Princeton College with high honors in 1768 , and was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of New Brunswick , New Jersey in 1770 . He preached in New Brunswick for two years before he moved to Philadelphia Pastorate in 1772 . In 1774 he was installed at Chester County , South Carolina and preached at upper and lower Fishing Creek and Bethesda . Due to Simpson ' s actions at Alexander ' s Old Field and Mobley ' s , the Loyalist commander Christian Huck came to capture Simpson at Fishing Creek Church on June 11 , 1780 ; finding no one there he burned the church and killed William Strong . Huck then burned Simpson ' s home and library leaving Mrs . Simpson and the Simpson children homeless . The events of June 11 led to the battle of Huck ' s Defeat . In 1790 Simpson moved to Pendleton District and continued his ministerial work until his death in 1808 at Roberts Presbyterian Church .
Jeremy Hall ( United States Army ) Jeremy Hall ( born 1984 ) is a United States Army Specialist and atheist . Hall was serving in Iraq when his Battalion Commander asked him if he was an atheist . Hall replied " Yes " . According to Hall , in the weeks and months that followed he was harassed to the point where a superior officer , Major Freddy J Welborne , threatened to bring charges against him claiming he was violating the Uniform Code of Military Justice by organizing a meeting of the Military Association of Atheists & Freethinkers . Working with the Military Religious Freedom Foundation , Hall filed a lawsuit on September 18 , 2007 . The lawsuit was re - filed on March 5 , 2008 to include charges of retribution . Hall ' s case is pending in U . S . Federal Court . On October 10 , 2008 , Specialist Jeremy Hall and the Military Religious Freedom Foundation filed a Notice of Voluntary Dismissal . The notice was continued by Dustin Chalker but ultimately dismissed . According to various reports , Weinstein has said he will appeal the decision . References . Page text .
Domesticus ( Roman Empire ) A domesticus was a member of the " protectores domestici " , an elite guard unit of the Late Roman army , who served as bodyguards and staff officers to the emperor . As its name testifies , these were troops considered as belonging to the household of the emperor . After a few years ' service in the corps , a " domesticus " would normally be granted a commission by the emperor and placed in command of a military regiment . The title was retained in the Empire ' s Byzantine period , hellenized as " domestikos " , and acquired a variety of functions . The head of the " domestici " , the " comes domesticorum " was a " vir illustris " . There were two of these comital commanders , for the horse - viz . foot units ( " comes domesticorum equitum " vs . " comes domesticorum peditum " ) .
Safir T - 15 The Safir T - 15 is a semi - automatic rifle manufactured by Safir Arms of Turkey . The weapon is an AR - 15 derivative intended for civilian and police use , but Safir arms also makes selective - fire version of the same design as the T - 16 , which is intended for military use . For countries that prohibit civilian ownership of semi - automatic firearm s , a manually operated version of T - 15 is available . The T - 15 and T - 16 rifles come with different layouts , with fixed or telescoping buttstock , and with fixed " M16A2 - style " carrying handle or flat - top " M16A4 - style " upper receivers . Carbine versions of both rifles also available with same modifications , and with various barrel lengths depending on customer / legal preferences . Another interesting feature of the T - 15 is that it can be easily converted to 36 gauge semi - automatic shotgun with installation of the T - 14 shotgun upper receiver , made by the same company .
Jonas Černius Jonas Černius ( 6 January 1898 in Kupiškis – 3 July 1977 in Los Angeles ) was a Lithuanian general and Prime Minister . When Lithuania declared independence in 1918 , he joined the army as a volunteer and participated in the Freedom Wars . He was one of the first graduates from the Military School of Lithuania , but he continued to study military engineering in Brussels ( 1929 ) and Paris ( 1932 ) . On his return to Lithuania , he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and appointed as chief of the military technical staff . In 1934 he became a colonel . In 1935 he was promoted to brigadier general and chief of staff of the army . From 30 March to 22 November 1939 he was the Prime Minister and led the 20th cabinet . After resigning as prime minister , he was promoted to major general and put in command of the 1st Division . Following the annexation of Lithuania by the Soviet Union , he served in the Soviet Army ' s 24th Rifle Corps until his arrest in 1941 . He escaped from the Soviet occupation in 1944 . At first he lived in Germany , then England , and in 1948 moved to the U . S . He later worked as an engineer for General Motors .