naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Manifesto of the Ninety - Three The " Manifesto of the Ninety - Three " is the name commonly given to a 1914 proclamation endorsed by 93 prominent German scientists , scholars and artists , declaring their unequivocal support of German military actions in the early period of World War I . These actions were elsewhere called the Rape of Belgium . The Manifesto galvanized support for the war throughout German schools and universities , but many foreign intellectual s were outraged . A report in 1921 in " The New York Times " found that of 76 surviving signatories , 60 expressed varying degrees of regret . Some claimed not to have seen what they had signed . Text . Here is an English translation ( italics in original ) : Signers . Signers among the 93 included : Nobel Prize laureates , artists , physicians , physicists , chemists , theologian s , philosophers , poets , architects and known college teachers .
Air Force Command and Control Integration Center The Air Force Command and Control Integration Center ( AFC2IC ) is an Air Combat Command ( ACC ) Field Operating Agency ( FOA ) responsible for innovating , designing , developing , integrating , and sustaining command and control ( C2 ) solutions . The headquarters is a tenant unit of Langley Air Force Base , with several outlying support locations . History . Air and Space Operations Center . The Aerospace Operation Center ( AOC ) ( later Air and Space Operations Center ) has been a central mission for the center . Tremendous efforts led the AOC to be declared a weapon system on 8 September 2000 . The first Combined Aerospace Operations Center - Experimental ( CAOC - X ) was built at Langley Air Force Base . The next CAOC built stood up over the following year at Prince Sultan Air Base , Saudi Arabia , and became the " premier C2 weapon system in the world . " Leading the AOC innovation effort through large - scale experiments that rapidly delivered capabilities onto the battlefield , the Center ' s efforts collectively marked a seven - year period of modernizing , standardization , and seamless integration . Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment . Starting out in 1998 as the Air Force ' s [ single service ] Expeditionary Force eXperiment ( EFX 98 ) , this experimentation and testing venue allowed innovators and formal acquisition programs to try out new equipment , tactics , procedures in a large scale field environment . The equipment tested included C3 systems , vehicles , aircraft , software , radios , etc . focused on enhancing information / ISR collection and exchange , and improving interoperability . The venue quickly grew to include multiple services and nations and was redesignted The Joint Expeditionary Force eXperiment by 1999 ( JEFX 99 ) . It was subsequently conducted biannually in 2000 , 2002 , 2004 , 2006 , 2008 with particular emphasis on C2 and improving the " Kill Chain " . More recently , it was supposed to be downsized to focus on specific areas for improvement in C2 integration and conducted on a smaller scale on a quarterly basis with occasional large scale events . Tactical Networks Integration . Tactical Data Links and Voice Networks are essential to C2 and situational awareness of forces in the battlespace from the tactical edge to the Joint Task Force . AFC2IC has been leading the way in integrating these networks for the Air Force , other services , and other nations throughout its history including Link 11 and Link 16 improvements ; TDL network management , integrators and gateways ; Joint Tactical Radio System ; and emerging developments in airborne networking .
49th Virginia Infantry The 49th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia . The 49th Virginia completed its organization in July 1861 . Its members were from the counties of Prince William , Warren , Fauquier , Rappahannock , Amherst , and Shenandoah . Three companies fought at First Manassas and these companies formed the nucleus of the regiment . It was assigned to General Featherston ' s , Early ' s , W . Smith ' s , Pegram ' s , and J . A . Walker ' s Brigade , Army of Northern Virginia . The unit participated in many battles from Williamsburg to Cold Harbor , was active in Early ' s Shenandoah Valley operations , and took part in the final campaign at Appomattox . It reported 40 casualties at First Manassas and in April , 1862 , contained 539 effectives . The regiment lost fifty - three percent of the 424 at Seven Pines , had 2 killed and 36 wounded during the Seven Days ' Battles , and suffered 5 killed and 73 wounded in the Maryland Campaign . At Fredericksburg 6 were killed and 46 wounded , at Gettysburg thirty - five percent of the 281 were disabled , and at The Wilderness and Spotsylvania 87 were lost . On April 9 , 1865 , it surrendered with 9 officers and 46 men . The field officers were Colonels William " Extra Billy " Smith and Jonathan ( John ) Catlett Gibson , Lieutenant Colonels Edward Murray and Charles B . Christian , and Major Caleb Smith .
79th Carnatic Infantry The 79th Carnatic Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1777 , when the 20th Carnatic Battalion was raised from sub - units of the 1st , 3rd , 8th and 16th Carnatic Battalions . History . As part of the Madras Army , the regiment took part in the Battle of Carnatic , the Battle of Sholinghur , the Battle of Seringapatam during the Second Anglo - Mysore War and the Indian Mutiny . In 1903 , as part of a general policy to move the focus for recruitment from Madras to the " martial races " of North - West India , the establishment of the 79th Carnatic Infantry was reduced to 600 officers and men . The intention was reduce this and other Carnatic units , which still retained their traditional recruiting basis , to garrison troops . However the influx of recruits from southern India on the outbreak of World War I enabled the 79th Carnatic Infantry not only to be brought up to full strength , but to provide a complete company for the newly raised 1 / 156th Infantry . By 1914 the regiment was linked ( " grouped " ) with the 75th Carnatic Infantry and the 86th Carnatic Infantry , with a shared recruitment and training centre at Secunderabad . After World War I the Indian government restructured the army , moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . The 79th Carnatic Infantry now became the 3rd Battalion , 3rd Madras Regiment . At Independence this regiment became part of the new Indian Army . In May 1950 the 3rd Battalion was disbanded but in March 1962 it was re - raised , still with its old connection to the 79th Carnatic Infantry . Victoria Cross . Captain Herbert Mackworth Clogstoun 19th Madras Native Infantry , Madras Army was awarded the Victoria Cross during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 15 January 1859 : Uniform and insignia . As the 19th Madras Native Infantry under the East India Company , the regiment wore red coats with French grey facings . Similar sky blue facings were replaced by yellow in 1882 . Prior to 1914 the full dress of the 73rd Carnatic Infantry included a khaki turban and the scarlet " zouave " jacket peculiar to Madras infantry regiments , with white facings . No regimental badge is recorded as being worn by the regiment before World War I but as part of the 3rd Madras Regiment it wore a star surmounted by a crown . This was replaced by a shield with crossed swords and scroll in 1946 .
Ephraim R . Eckley Ephraim Ralph Eckley ( December 9 , 1811 – March 27 , 1908 ) was a U . S . Representative from Ohio . Early life . Eckley was born near Mount Pleasant , Jefferson County , Ohio but moved with his parents to Hayesville , Ohio , in 1816 He attended the common schools and was graduated from Vermillion Institute , Hayesville , Ohio and moved to Carrollton , Ohio , in 1833 and taught school . He studied law under William Johnston and was admitted to the bar in 1836 and commenced practice in Carrollton . He served as member of the State senate 1843 - 1846 , 1849 , and 1850 but was an unsuccessful candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Ohio in 1851 . He also served in the State house of representatives 1853 - 1855 but was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1853 to the United States Senate . He served as delegate to the first Republican National Convention at Philadelphia in 1856 . Civil War . During the Civil War , Eckley served in the Union Army as the colonel of the 26th Ohio Infantry , and later of the 80th Ohio Infantry . At the end of the war , he was brevetted as a brigadier general and mustered out of the army . Postbellum . Eckley was elected as a Republican to the Thirty - eighth , Thirty - ninth , and Fortieth Congresses ( March 4 , 1863 – March 3 , 1869 ) but was not a candidate for renomination in 1868 . He resumed the practice of law in Carrollton , Ohio . He died March 27 , 1908 in Carrollton , Ohio and was interred in Grand View Cemetery . He married Martha L . Brown , and had five children .
Willy Zimmermann Willy Zimmermann ( 21 March 1920 – 9 February 2002 ) was a highly decorated Oberfeldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Józefa Kantor Józefa Kantor ( born March 6 , 1896 in Tarnów - September 25 , 1990 ) was a Polish teacher , Scoutmaster ( harcmistrzyni ) founder of the Girl Scouts group " Mury " . Kantor was arrested on November 9 , 1940 by the Gestapo and sent to the Ravensbrück concentration camp ( inmate number 7261 ) , where she established the secret Girl Scout group " Mury " in November , 1941 .
James Abercrombie ( British Army colonel ) Colonel James Abercrombie ( 1732 – 23 June 1775 ) was a British army officer who died during the American Revolutionary War . There is much uncertainty about Abercrombie ' s family . He may have been related to General James Abercrombie , but the " Dictionary of Canadian Biography " states that the common identification of him as the general ' s son or nephew is probably erroneous . On 11 June 1744 Abercrombie was made Lieutenant of the 1st Foot . On February 16 , 1756 , he was promoted to the rank of Captain of the 42nd Foot . With this rank he served in the French and Indian War , notably partaking in the Battle of Fort Carillon under General Abercrombie as one of the general ' s aides in 1758 before being made aide - de - camp to General Amherst in 1759 . He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1770 . At the Battle of Bunker Hill he led the grenadier battalion in their charge of the redoubt on the Americans ' left wing . During the assault he sustained a gunshot wound , from an African soldier named Salem Poor and was carried from the field . He was treated at a hospital facility in Boston , where he succumbed to his wound a week later .
SCR - 784 Radar The SCR - 784 was a fire control radar set used by the U . S . Army designed to be an amphibious version of the SCR - 584 , and mounted on a searchlight trailer called a K - 84 . Statistics . Frequency : 2 , 800 MHz Pulse Width : 0 . 8 µseconds Pulse Repetition Rate : 1707 pps Vertical Coverage : 300 yards to 10 , 000 yards Indicator Type : display 7 inch PPI and , two 3 inch CRT ' s for range determination Surviving Examples . There are no known surviving examples of this array .
Arthur Reginald Chater Major - General Arthur Reginald Chater CB , CVO , DSO , OBE ( 1896 – 1979 ) was an officer in the Royal Marines during World War I , the interwar years , and World War II . Military career . Chater was commissioned into the Royal Marines in 1913 in served in World War I and saw action with the Chatham Battalion of the Royal Marine Brigade at Antwerp in Belgium in 1914 . He fought on the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey from 28 April to 12 May 1915 , and in March 1918 , he participated in the Allied raid on Zeebrugge , Belgium . After the War he served with the Egyptian Army and the Sudan Camel Corps . He became Commanding Officer of the Sudan Camel Corps in 1927 , Commander of military operations in Kordofan in Sudan in 1929 and Senior Royal Marines Officer at the East Indies Station in 1931 . He served in World War II as Military - Governor of British Somaliland from 1941 , as Commander of the Portsmouth Division of the Royal Marines from 1943 and as Director of Combined Operations for India and South East Asia from 1944 . He became Commander of the Chatham Group of Royal Marines in 1946 and retired in 1948 .
8 . 8 cm SK L / 35 naval gun The 8 . 8 cm SK L / 35 ( SK - Schnelladekanone ( quick loading cannon ) L - Länge ( with a 35 - caliber barrel ) was a German naval gun that was used in World War I on a variety of mounts . Description . The 8 . 8 cm SK L / 35 gun had an overall length of about . It used the Krupp horizontal sliding block , or " wedge " , as it is sometimes referred to , breech design .
28th Slavonia Division The 28th Slavonia Division ( ) was a Yugoslav Partisan division that fought against the Germans , Independent State of Croatia ( NDH ) and Chetniks in occupied Democratic Federal Yugoslavia during World War II . It was formed in May 1943 on Papuk mountain near Požega in Slavonia . It fought briefly against the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar ( 1st Croatian ) in eastern Bosnia in late 1944 .
Battle of Korakesion The Battle of Korakesion , also known as the Battle of Coracesium , was a naval battle fought in 67 BC between the pirates of Cilicia and Pompey of ancient Rome . Plutarch describes it as the key battle of Pompey ' s clearing of the Mediterranean of pirates after several smaller battles . He writes of the battle that the pirates had about one thousand ships ( almost certainly an exaggeration ) against Pompey ' s two hundred , but were defeated in the initial naval engagement . After retreating to the shore , the pirates were apparently besieged in the town of Coracesium , modern day Alanya , before surrendering .
Order of Military Merit ( Brazil ) The Order of Military Merit ( ) is an award of the Brazilian Army , established on 11 June 1943 by President Getúlio Vargas . The order is presented in five grades and recognizes distinguished service and exceptional contributions to Brazil by members the Brazilian Army and the armies of friendly nations .
SOV Windermere SOV " Windermere " is a subsea operations vessel built in 2010 for Hallin Marine . She is to be leased by the Royal Australian Navy to supplement its amphibious lift fleet from the 14 October 2011 to 31 January 2012 , with an option until the end of February 2012 .
Campaign of Sucre in Upper Peru Campaign of Sucre in Upper Peru was a set of military operations conducted by the Liberator United Army of Peru to dislodge the Spanish royalists in Upper Peru or Charcas . Were started after the Battle of Ayacucho and concluded with the surrender of the last groups of realistic after combat of Tumusla . On February 6 Marshal Sucre at the head of the Liberation Army crossed the Desaguadero River ( Bolivia ) to occupy La Paz . General Jose Maria Cordova , with its Colombian division should dig in La Paz . Francisco Burdett O ' Connor commanded the division of Peru to invade Upper Peru to Potosí . Royalist general Pedro Antonio Olañeta , hearing of the defection half of his forces under Col Medinaceli , and passed to the patriots , Olañeta attack them on April 1 , 1825 . Olaneta wound in combat fell to the ground . His soldiers surrender . Olaneta died the following day , April 2 . That same day Col . Medinaceli referred the part of the battle to Marshal Sucre , who ended the military campaign .
13th Air Support Operations Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 13th Air Support Operations Squadron ( 13 ASOS ) is a combat support unit located at Fort Carson , Colorado . The 13 ASOS provides tactical command and control of close air support assets to US Army ground commanders of the 4th Infantry Division during combat operations . Mission . The 13 ASOS ' s mission is to successfully integrate joint firepower , including artillery , attack aviation , and naval gunfire in support of Army operations worldwide .
37th ( Northern Ontario ) Battalion , CEF The 37th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force was raised in Halton during World War I . The 37th gave up two drafts before the main body sailed in November 1915 , the first in June and the second in August . The battalion was led by Lt Col C . F . Bick in 1915 . The Lorne Rifles ( Scottish ) later became the present day regiment The Lorne Scots .
110th Infantry Regiment ( United States ) The 110th Infantry Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army . Its legacy unit , 1st Battalion , 110th Infantry , is a subordinate command of 2nd Brigade , 28th Infantry Division . The regiment served with the 55th Infantry Brigade , 28th Infantry Division from September 1917 - May 1919 , and from 1921 - 24 .
John Montgomery ( pioneer ) Colonel John Montgomery ( c . 1750 – 1794 ) was an early American soldier , settler , and explorer . He is credited with founding the city of Clarksville , Tennessee . Montgomery County , Tennessee is named for him . His family was of Scottish descent and immigrated to Virginia in the 17th century . On November 28 , 1753 , he married Anne Agnes Crockett ( born November 28 , 1736 ) , daughter of Samuel Crocket II and Esther Thompson . In 1771 , Montgomery first entered the area of the Cumberland River . Much was learned in the expedition , but Indians forced the explorers back to Virginia . In 1775 , Montgomery was one of the signers of the Fincastle Resolutions , the earliest statement of armed resistance to the British Crown in the American Colonies . During the American Revolutionary War , Montgomery served under George Rogers Clark during his Illinois campaign . Under Clark ' s orders , Montgomery led an expedition against several Indian tribes to prevent the British from gathering them to attack Kentucky . For the remainder of war , he ran supplies between New Orleans and Clark ' s army in the north . Montgomery explored the area of the county that bears his name in 1775 while on a hunting expedition with Kasper Mansker . In 1784 , Montgomery purchased the land at the confluence of the Cumberland and Red River s from the North Carolina for 100 British pounds and founded Clarksville . In 1789 , he and surveyor Martin Armstrong persuaded lawmakers to establish Clarksville as a tobacco inspection point . Montgomery became the first sheriff of the district . In 1780 he signed the Cumberland Compact and in 1793 commanded territorial troops in the Nickajack Expedition against Creek Indians . Montgomery was killed near Eddy Creek , Kentucky on November 27 , 1794 , by an Indian ambush while hunting . He is memorialized as a statue near Clarksville ' s Public Square . John Montgomery and Anne Agnes Crockett Montgomery had thirteen children :
German submarine U - 226 German submarine " U - 226 " was a Type VIIC U - boat that served with the " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . Laid down on 1 August 1941 as ' werk ' 656 at F . Krupp Germaniawerft in Kiel , she was launched on 18 June 1942 and commissioned on 1 August under the command of " Oberleutnant " Albrecht Gänge . She began her service career in training with the 5th U - boat Flotilla . She was transferred to the 6th flotilla on 1 January 1943 . The boat was a member of 11 wolf pack s . She carried out three patrols and sank one ship . She was sunk by British warships in November 1943 . Service History . 1st patrol . " U - 226 " departed Kiel on 31 December 1942 , heading for the Atlantic Ocean via the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands . She sailed toward Newfoundland , southeast of Greenland . She arrived at Lorient in occupied France , on 17 May . 2nd patrol . Having left Lorient on 10 April 1943 , the boat encountered the " Fort Rampart " west of the Bay of Biscay on the 18th . The ship had already been attacked by " U - 628 " . " U - 226 " finished the merchantman off with a ' coup de grǎce ' torpedo and gunfire and returned to France ; this time to St . Nazaire . 3rd patrol . Having left St . Nazaire for Brest , the boat departed the port in Brittany on 5 October . " U - 226 " was attacked and sunk on November 6 by depth charge s from the British sloops HMS " Starling " , " Woodcock " and " Kite " east of Newfoundland . Fifty - one men died , there were no survivors .
8th Brigade ( Australia ) 8th Brigade is an Australian Army Reserve combined - arms formation stationed in New South Wales . The 8th Brigade is one of six brigade s of the Australian Army ' s 2nd Division , and includes units and personnel from all Armoured , Infantry , Artillery , Engineers , Signals , Ordnance ( Supply ) , Medical , Nursing , Dental and Psychology Corps of the Army .
German submarine U - 537 German submarine " U - 537 " was a Type IXC / 40 U - boat of the German " Kriegsmarine " built for service during World War II . Her keel was laid down on 10 April 1942 by Deutsche Werft in Hamburg . She was commissioned on 27 January 1943 with " Kapitänleutnant " Peter Schrewe in command . Schrewe commanded the boat for nearly two years , until her loss . " U - 537 " conducted three patrols , and holds the distinction of making the only armed German landing in North America during World War II — installing the automatic Weather Station Kurt in Martin Bay , Labrador on 22 October 1943 . She was then sent to the Far East . On 10 November 1944 in the Java Sea east of Surabaya , " U - 537 " was sunk with all hands — 58 officers and men — by torpedo es from . Service history . 1st patrol . " U - 537 " left Kiel on 18 September 1943 and sailed to Bergen , Norway , from where she departed on her first patrol on 30 September . She sailed across the North Atlantic where on 22 October she set up " Wetter - Funkgerät Land - 26 " ( code - named " Kurt " ) automatic weather station in Martin Bay , Labrador . The weather station was not discovered by Canadian authorities until 1981 . While on anti - shipping patrol off Newfoundland on 31 October the U - boat was attacked by a Canadian Hudson aircraft from No . 11 Squadron RCAF with eight rockets , all of which missed . On 10 November a Canadian Catalina aircraft from No . 5 Squadron RCAF attacked her with four depth charges off Cape Race . The U - boat escaped unharmed , but the next day another Catalina of 5 Squadron attacked with four depth changes which slightly damaged the U - boat . Surface ships joined the hunt , but failed to locate " U - 537 " and she arrived safely at Lorient on 8 December . 2nd patrol . " U - 537 " sailed from Lorient on 25 March 1944 and sailed around Africa , across the Indian Ocean , to Batavia by 2 August after a voyage of 131 days . 3rd patrol . The U - boat left Batavia for Soerabaja on 1 October 1944 , and sailed on her third and final patrol on 9 November and on that day was sunk with all hands — 58 officers and men — in the Java Sea , in position , by torpedo es from .