naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Lucy Pickens Lucy Petway Holcombe Pickens ( June 11 , 1832 – August 8 , 1899 ) was a 19th - century American socialite , known during and after her lifetime as the " Queen of the Confederacy " . She was described as " beautiful , brilliant , and captivating " by her male contemporaries , and this perception of her helped shape the stereotype of the " Southern belle " . Life . She was born to Beverly LaFayette Holcombe and Eugenia Dorothea Hunt Holcombe at the family plantation near La Grange , Tennessee . She attended La Grange Female Academy before switching to a finishing school in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania with older sister Anna Eliza , from 1846 – 1848 . In 1848 , the Holcombes moved to Marshall , Texas and lived in the Capitol Hotel while waiting for the construction of their plantation Wyalucing . In the summer of 1857 , she met Colonel Francis Wilkinson Pickens of South Carolina , who proceeded to court her with little success . In January 1858 , after his defeat for a Senate seat , he accepted an appointment as the US ambassador to Russia . Suddenly she accepted his previous proposal and they were married at Wyalucing on April 26 , 1858 . Lucy became a favorite at the Russian court of Alexander II . She and her husband were befriended by Alexander and his wife Maria Alexandrovna . Lucy gave birth to a daughter , Francis Eugenia Olga Neva , who was also known as Douschka Pickens in the Winter Palace . The tsar and tsaritsa became Godparent s of the Pickens ' daughter and the tsar gave her the nickname of " Douschka " , meaning " Darling " in Russian . A longing for South Carolina and its increasing movement toward secession caused the Pickens family to return home in August 1860 . Francis W . Pickens was elected governor by the General Assembly of South Carolina on December 17 , only three days before the State seceded from the Union . Lucy was an advocate of the secession of the U . S . Southern states , and was the only woman to be depicted on the currency of the Confederate States of America ( three issues of the $ 100 CSA bill and one issue of the $ 1 CSA bill , which were printed in Columbia , South Carolina ) . She was also featured on one issue of $ 1 , 000 CSA loan certificates . In April 1861 , Lucy witnessed the shelling of Fort Sumter from a rooftop in Charleston , South Carolina . In November 1861 , a unit of the Confederate Army was formed and called the Holcombe Legion in her honor and she designed and sewed its flag . It is claimed that she financed its equipment by the sale of some of the jewels given to her by the tsar . Pickens was also the author of a short novel called " " The Free Flag of Cuba " " , which is a romanticized account of the exploits of Cuban freedom fighter Narciso López . It was published in 1854 under the name " H . M . Hardimann " and , until recently , was believed lost .
Operation Thunderbolt ( 1951 ) Operation Thunderbolt , also known in China as the Defensive Battle of the Han River Southern Bank ( ) , was a US offensive during the Korean War . It represented the first offensive under the new commanding officer of the 8th US Army , General Matthew Ridgway . It started less than three weeks after the Chinese Third Phase Campaign had forced UN forces south of Seoul . Operation . " Thunderbolt " was preceded by " Operation Wolfhound " , a reconnaissance in force by the 27th Infantry Regiment " ' Wolfhounds ' " that began on 15 January 1951 . At this time the Chinese forces in the central sector were still in possession of Wonju and a full assault could not be made until this sector was under US control . " Thunderbolt " itself began on the 25 January , when troops of I and IX Corps advanced from the western sector of the front northwards towards Seoul . This attack was heavily supported by artillery and air support , in accordance with Ridgway ' s policy of attrition by superior firepower against a numerically superior foe . By 9 February , the offensive had reached the Han river with the rest of the Chinese defenders retreating to the north of Han River by the end of February . Impact and aftermath . X Corps , once again part of the 8th Army , held the central sector and moved forward as " Operation Roundup " on 5 February . Responding to the UN advances , Chinese forces under Peng Dehuai then counter - attacked as the Fourth Phase Campaign , achieving initial successes at the Battle of Hoengsong . Chinese forces were later held off at the Battle of Chipyong - ni and the Third Battle of Wonju . The concentration of firepower and reliance on close air support in the face of large numbers of light infantry employed here would later become an influence on US doctrine during Vietnam . " Thunderbolt " was followed almost immediately by the second UN counter - offensive , " Operation Killer " .
Roman Sołtyk Roman Sołtyk ( * , 1790 - October 22 , 1843 ) was a Polish nobleman ( szlachcic ) , political activist and general . Born in Warsaw , Roman was son of Stanisław Sołtyk . He served as an officer in the Duchy of Warsaw and took part in Napoleon ' s Russia Campaign . He was member of secret independence organisations in Russian - occupied Poland . From 1830 to 1831 he served as member of the Sejm . As Brigadier - General he participated in the November Uprising . Like his father , he became member of the underground " Patriotic Society " . On his motion the Sejm dethroned Czar Nicolas I on January 25 , 1831 . After the fall of the uprising he went into exile in France . He died in Saint - Germain - en - Laye .
Order of battle at the Battle of Lowestoft The ships that participated in the Battle of Lowestoft , a naval engagement between the English and Dutch off the English port of Lowestoft on 13 June ( New Style ) 1665 during the Second Anglo - Dutch War . 109 English ships , commanded by James Stuart , Duke of York , faced 103 Dutch ships led by Jacob van Wassenaer Obdam . The battle ended in a victory for the English , capturing 17 Dutch ships for the loss of only one ship .
Corporal technician Corporal technician is a rank in the Pakistan Air Force and a former rank in the British Royal Air Force , below senior technician and above junior technician . It is equivalent to the Pakistan Army ' s naik and the Pakistan Navy ' s leading rate . The British rank , which was only held by airmen in technical trades ( with others keeping the rank of corporal ) , existed between 1950 and 1964 . British corporal technicians wore two point - up chevrons .
Aichi AB - 4 The Aichi AB - 4 was a Japan ese flying boat of the 1930s . A single engined biplane , the AB - 4 was intended to carry out night reconnaissance for the Imperial Japanese Navy . Six were built and accepted into service as the Experimental 6 - " Shi " Night Reconnaissance Flying boat , three of which were converted to civil transports . Development and design . In 1931 , the Imperial Japanese Navy instructed the Aichi Tokei Denki Seizo KK . ( Aichi Watch and Electric Machinery Company , Ltd ) , who had beed involved in aircraft manufacture , particularly for the Navy , since 1920 , to design a small catapult - launched night reconnaissance aircraft , intended to observe nocturnal shipping movements , spot naval gunfire during night engagements and to direct friendly submarine s . The resulting design , designated AB - 4 ( " Aichi Biplane " ) by Aichi was a single - engined pusher biplane flying boat of all - metal construction . Its single - bay wings folded backwards for storage aboard ship , while its crew of three were housed in open cockpits . It was powered by a single Gasuden Urakaze water - cooled six - cylinder inline engine driving a two blade propellor . The first prototype flew in May 1932 , and while handling was generally good , it had poor control during take - off and landing , and a poor view for the pilot . Despite this , a further five prototypes were ordered for evaluation . Operational history . The six prototypes , designated Experimental 6 - " Shi " Night Reconnaissance Flying Boat were subject to extensive testing and evaluation by the Japanese Navy . While the Navy decided not to order further production of the AB - 4 , it had a continued requirement for a dedicated night reconnaissance aircraft , which resulted in the Specification that lead to the Aichi E10A , which entered service in 1936 . In 1935 , three of the six AB - 4s were sold to the Japanese Airline " Nippon Koku Yuso Kenkyusho " , ( NKYK ) . The first aircraft was converted to a cargo transport , while the second and third aircraft were converted to passenger airliners , with the pilot ' s cockpit moved to the extreme nose ( replacing the existing gunners position ) and an enclosed passenger cabin , for five and six passengers respectively , added . The third prototype replaced the Gasuden engine with a more powerful Napier Lion . The three AB - 4s were used by NKYK in scheduled services from Osaka , and for sightseeing flights . One crashed into a factory chimney on 27 May 1937 , killing all five aboard .
47th Infantry Division ( United States ) The 47th Infantry Division was a formation of the Army National Guard active from 1946 to 1991 . The Division was created on 10 June 1946 as a National Guard infantry division from the efforts of Minnesota ' s Adjutant General Ellard Walsh . The division was built from scratch with veteran transfers and new recruits , mostly from Minnesota and North Dakota , under the command of Major General Norman Hendrickson . General Hendrickson was the Chief - of - Staff for the 34th Division in the North African and Italian campaigns in 1943 and the IX Army in occupied Japan . Units of the division were allotted to the Minnesota National Guard , and North Dakota National Guard . The division never saw combat throughout its history , although it was federalized and sent to Camp Rucker , Alabama from 1951 to 1954 during the Korean War . During the Korean War the division was used as a replacement division , and its men and units transferred to Regular Army units . It returned to state control , and its home state , in 1953 . The unit returned to Minnesota , with active army personnel from Camp Rucker taking a convoy from Fort Benning , Georgia in 1954 . The division ' s North Dakota elements were transferred out in 1959 during a service - wide reconfiguration to the Pentomic structure , and so became an entirely Minnesotan division . The division became mixed again in further Pentagon restructuring in 1968 when Iowa ' s 34th and Illinois ' 66th Infantry Brigades joined . The division was deactivated in 1991 . Immediately afterward , the division ' s former units were reactivated as the 34th Infantry Division . Effectively , the division was renamed , but for official lineage purposes , the Department of the Army does not recognize any continuity . The 47th Infantry Division has the notoriety of remaining on the rolls longer than any other National Guard division that did not see combat ( 45 years of service ) . The only Army division that did not see combat to have remained on the rolls longer is the Army Reserve ' s 108th Infantry Division , elements of which have seen action now in Iraq and Afghanistan .
HMS Portchester Castle ( K362 ) HMS " Portchester Castle " was a Castle - class corvette built in 1943 and scrapped in 1958 . She was the only ship of the Royal Navy to be named after Portchester Castle in Hampshire , and was used for the 1952 film " The Cruel Sea " , in which she played " Saltash Castle " . Construction . She was launched on 21 June 1943 at Swan Hunter shipyard in Newcastle upon Tyne . Wartime career . Sinking of " U - 484 " . On 9 September 1944 " Portchester Castle " and " Helmsdale " sank " U - 484 " in the North Atlantic north - west of Ireland , in position . Sinking of " U - 1200 " . As one of four ships in 30th Escort Group under the command of Denys Rayner , " Portchester Castle " shared in the sinking of " U - 1200 " south of Ireland ( in position ) on 11 November 1944 , along with her sister ships " Launceston Castle " , " Pevensey Castle " and " Kenilworth Castle " . Decommissioning . She was paid off in 1947 . Appearance in " The Cruel Sea " . In 1951 " Portchester Castle " was employed to represent the fictitious HMS " Saltash Castle " in the film " The Cruel Sea " ( 1953 ) in which she is shown wearing the pennant number F362 , rather than her own K362 . In 1955 The ship was also seen in the film " The Man Who Never Was " . Fate . She was scrapped at Troon on 14 May 1958 .
Generali - class destroyer The Generali - class destroyer was a class of Italian destroyer s , built as an enhancement of Rosolino Pilo class destroyer . They were the last ships of Italian Navy , " Regia Marina " , fitted with three stacks . In 1929 , being obsolete , units were reclassified as torpedo - boats , and in this role served during Second World War . Origins . Class was built between 1921 and 1924 from Cantieri Odero , Sestri Ponente , and ships were able to reach 30 knots of top speed , an improvement respect the previous class " Rosolino Pilo " . Their displacement was 832 t ( normal ) and 890 ( full load ) . Their armament initially was composed by 3 x 102 / 45 mm and 2 x 76 / 30 mm guns , and 4 x 450 mm torpedo launchers . In 1936 ships were enabled with minesweeping equipment . Units . Class was known also by name of his first unit , " Generale Antonio Cantore " . All other ships were dedicated to Italian generals . None of them survived the war .
Bravery Medal ( Australia ) The Bravery Medal ( BM ) is a bravery decoration awarded to Australians . It is awarded for acts of bravery in hazardous circumstances . The BM was created in February 1975 . The decorations recognise acts of bravery by members of the community . They selflessly put themselves in jeopardy to protect the lives or property of others . It is ranked third of the Australian bravery decorations in the Australian Honours System . Recipients of the Bravery Medal are entitled to use the post - nominal letters " BM " . Design . Medal . The Bravery Medal is a circular bronze medal ensigned with the Crown of Saint Edward . It is surmounted with the shield and crest of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms . The Federation Star is above the shield , which is contained in a circular zig - zag border . Bar and ribbon . The medal is suspended from a ribbon by a bar inscribed " For Bravery " . The ribbon is 32 mm wide and has 15 alternating stripes of blood - red and magenta representing the colours of venous and arterial blood . Recipients . The Australian Government " It ' s an Honour " database contains 1 , 104 entries of people who have been awarded the medal .
John J . Clausey John Joseph Clausey ( May 16 , 1875 - September 9 , 1951 ) was a chief gunner ' s mate serving in the United States Navy during who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Clausey was born May 16 , 1875 in San Francisco , California and joined the navy where he was stationed aboard the as a chief gunner ' s mate . On July 21 , 1905 one of the ’ s boilers exploded while it was in San Diego , California . For his actions he received the Medal January 5 , 1906 . He died September 9 , 1951 and is buried in Golden Gate National Cemetery San Bruno , California . His grave can be found in section C , grave 121 - B . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Chief Gunner ' s Mate , U . S . Navy . Born : 16 May 1875 , San Francisco , Calif . Accredited to : California . G . O . No . : 13 , 5 January 1906 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Bennington for extraordinary heroism displayed at the time of the explosion of a boiler of that vessel at San Diego , Calif . , 21 July 1905 .
Royal Aircraft Factory B . E . 8 The Royal Aircraft Factory B . E . 8 was a British two - seat single - engined general purpose biplane of the First World War , designed by John Kenworthy at the Royal Aircraft Factory in 1913 . Small numbers were used by the Royal Flying Corps over the Western Front in the first year of the war , with the type being used as a trainer until 1916 . Development and design . The B . E . 8 was the definitive development of the earlier B . E 3 type , and the last of the B . E . series to be designed with a rotary engine . The main changes were that the fuselage now rested on the lower wing , in the normal way for a tractor biplane , and that the tail unit was changed to the B . E . 2 pattern . Three prototypes were built at Farnborough with a single long cockpit for both crew members . The production aircraft had two separate cockpits and were built by sub - contractors . The improved B . E . 8a of 1915 had new B . E . 2c type wings , featuring ailerons instead of wing warping and a revised tail unit . Operational history . Both models of the aircraft entered service with the Royal Flying Corps and a small number served in France in 1914 and early 1915 but most were used by training units .
XII Corps ( Grande Armée ) The XII Corps of the " Grande Armée " was the name of a short - lived French military unit that existed during the Napoleonic Wars . The corps was formed in the spring of 1813 and Marshal Nicolas Oudinot was appointed as its commander . The formation included one Bavarian and two French infantry divisions . In the spring campaign the corps was engaged at Lützen , Bautzen , and Luckau . After the summer 1813 armistice , the corps fought at Grossbeeren and Dennewitz . After the latter action , Emperor Napoleon dissolved the corps and assigned its units to other formations . Oudinot found employment as a commander of two divisions of the Young Guard . Order of Battle . Bautzen 1813 . XII Corps : Marshal Nicolas Oudinot " Source : "
Chelengk A chelengk ( ) ( ) was a decoration of the Ottoman Empire . Originally a " çelenk " was " a bird ' s feather which one attaches to the turban as a sign of bravery " but by the end of the 18th century , the ' had become institutionalized in Ottoman military practice and continued to be awarded for military merit up to the 1820s . It was a jewelled aigrette consisting of a central flower with leaves and buds , and upward - facing rays . In modern Turkish , a ' is a wreath or garland , a circular decoration made from flowers and leaves , usually arranged as an ornament . A specially - made chelengk was awarded to Horatio Nelson by Sultan Selim III in honour of the Battle of the Nile in 1798 . This was the first time that a chelengk was conferred on a non - Ottoman . The usual seven rays were augmented to thirteen , as described in a contemporary letter : Nelson ' s chelengk was eventually bought by the Society for Nautical Research in 1929 following a national appeal and placed in the National Maritime Museum from where it was stolen in 1951 and never recovered . Selim III also gave a chelengk to Russian Admiral Fyodor Ushakov after the capture of Corfu from the French in 1799 . In Patrick O ' Brian ' s " Aubrey – Maturin " series of novels , Captain Jack Aubrey is awarded a chelengk by the Sultan after capturing two rebel ships . His chelengk was worn , like Nelson ' s , on his dress uniform hat and contained hidden clockwork , so that the diamond strands shimmered in the sun .
The Ladakh Scouts The Ladakh Scouts , also known as the Snow Warriors or Snow Tigers , is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army . Specializing in mountain warfare , the regiment ' s primary role is to guard India ' s borders in the high altitude areas of the Ladakh region , as well as Jammu & Kashmir in general . Raised as a paramilitary unit , the Ladakh Scouts were converted into an Army regiment in 2000 . The Ladakh Scouts are recruited mainly from India ' s Ladakhi and Tibetan communities and are among the Indian Army ' s most decorated units . Its soldiers have been honored with over 300 gallantry awards and citations including one Ashok Chakra , ten Maha Vir Chakra s and two Kirti Chakra s . History . In 1948 , the Nubra Guards were raised from local Ladakhi warriors to patrol India ' s mountainous border in the Ladakh region . In 1952 , the Nubra Guards were merged as the 7th Battalion of the Jammu & Kashmir Militia , which later became the Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry ( JAKLI ) Regiment . The 14th Battalion of the militia was also raised from Ladakh in 1959 . On 1 June 1963 , following the Sino - Indian War of 1962 , the Ladakh Scouts was formed by spinning off the 7th and 14th battalions of the J & K Militia . The primary role of the unit is reconnaissance and interdiction in the high - altitude border regions . The Ladakh Scouts was converted from a paramilitary unit to a full infantry regiment on 1 June 2000 . Its parent regiment is the Jammu & Kashmir Rifles . Units . The regiment consists of 5 battalion s with support personnel affiliated to other arms of the army . on 2 June 2013 , it has celebrated its Golden Jubilee . Engagements . Indo - Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971 . Units of the regiment have been deployed in combat in every major Indian operation since the Indo - Pakistan War of 1965 . The Scouts received battle honours in the Western Theatre of the Indo - Pakistan War of 1971 . Operation Meghdoot . Units of the Ladakh Scouts were deployed with a battalion of the Kumaon Regiment to capture the Siachen Glacier in April 1984 , as a part of Operation Meghdoot . Kargil War . The Ladakh Scouts were one of the first units to be deployed in action in Operation Vijay . Its units displayed exemplary gallantry and won numerous awards , including a Maha Vir Chakra for Major Sonam Wangchuk . The Scouts were awarded a " Unit Citation " for their gallantry during the battles of Point 5000 on night 05 / 6 July 1999 , Dog Hill on the night 30 June / 1 July , and Padma Go on the night 09 / 10 July 1999 , in the Batalik Sector . The citation recognizes the unit ' s performance with distinction during Operation Vijay and display of " exemplary valour and grit in the face of the enemy " . Distinctions . Gallantry Awards . Maha Vir Chakra Recipients : Among the awards conferred on the soldiers of the Ladakh Scouts are : Winter Sports . The Ladakh Scouts have produced notable winter sport athletes , including Jamyang Namgial and Tashi Lundup .
German submarine U - 397 German submarine " U - 397 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out one patrol . She did not sink or damage any ships . She was scuttled in northern Germany in May 1945 . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 29 August 1942 at the " Howaldtswerke " ( yard ) at Kiel as ' werk ' 29 , launched on 6 October 1943 and commissioned on 20 November under the command of " Oberleutnant " Fritz Kallipke . She served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla from 20 November 1943 and the 7th flotilla from 1 June of the same year . She was reassigned to the 23rd flotilla on 1 July 1944 , then the 31st flotilla on 20 February 1945 . The boat ' s first patrol was preceded by the short journey from Kiel in Germany to Stavanger , arriving at the Norwegian port on 2 June 1944 . Patrol . " U - 397 " departed Stavanger on 8 June 1944 and arrived back there on the 26th . The boat moved back to Kiel on 4 July 1944 . Fate . The submarine was scuttled on 5 May 1945 in Gelting Bay ( east of Flensburg ) .
NRP Adamastor NRP " Adamastor " was a cruiser in the Portuguese Navy . She was built in Italy using the revenue of a national subscription made after the British ultimatum to Portugal in 1890 . She played an important role in the republican revolution of October 5 , 1910 , being one of the two rebelling cruisers . In 1917 the " Adamastor " was one of two cruisers sent to Quelimane in Portuguese East Africa . The presence of the cruisers was a decisive factor in preventing the Germans continued advance on Quelimane ( a vital port ) after the German victory at the Battle of Namakura . In 1934 she was decommissioned and sold to the merchant marine .
Wenno Wenno ( von Rohrbach ) , also known as Winno , Vinno , and Winne , was the first Master ( " Herrmeister " ) of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword , leading the Order from 1204 to 1209 . Originally from Kassel - Naumburg , Wenno was killed by the knight Wickbert with an axe , in a quarrel caused by some unknown reason . As a result Wickbert was sentenced to death . Wenno was succeeded by Volkwin Schenk .