naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Aubrey de Sélincourt Aubrey de Sélincourt ( 7 June 1894 – 20 December 1962 ) was an English writer , classical scholar and translator . He is best known for his translations ( all for Penguin Classics ) of Livy ' s " The Early History of Rome " ( Books I to V ) and " The War with Hannibal " ( Books XXI to XXX ) , Herodotus ' s " Histories " , and Arrian ' s " The Campaigns of Alexander " . Life . De Sélincourt was the son of the businessman Martin de Sélincourt , owner of the Swan & Edgar store in London . His uncle , Henry Fieness Speed , was the author of " Cruises in Small Yachts and Big Canoes " ( 1883 ) . Aubrey was educated at the Dragon School , Oxford , and at Rugby School , from where in 1913 he won an open classical scholarship to University College , Oxford . His principal avocation was sailing and writing , with over 24 books credited to his authorship . Following the outbreak of the First World War , he abandoned his studies to join the army . He was gazetted to the 7th Battalion of the North Staffordshire Regiment on 29 August 1914 , and served in Gallipoli , where he was involved in the Battle of Sari Bair in August 1915 . He subsequently requested transfer to the Royal Flying Corps , and returned to Britain for pilot training : he was awarded his " wings " early in 1917 , and joined 25 Squadron on 11 April . On 28 May 1917 he was shot down near Douai , while flying an FE2 d , by Werner Voss , becoming the latter ' s 31st victory . He remained a prisoner for the rest of the war , for much of the time at Holzminden prisoner - of - war camp . Following the war and his discharge from the Royal Air Force , de Sélincourt returned to Oxford , where he was awarded a Half Blue for athletics , and took his B . A . in 1919 . He taught at Bembridge School from 1921 to 1924 ; and as senior classics master at the Dragon School from 1924 to 1929 . In 1931 he was appointed Headmaster of Clayesmore School , Dorset , where he remained until 1935 . He edited " The Oxford Magazine " from 1927 to 1929 ; and he also contributed to the " Manchester Guardian " , the " English Review " , " The Times Literary Supplement " , and other periodicals . He was a keen yachtsman , and wrote several books on sailing . After retiring in 1947 , de Sélincourt settled at Niton on the Isle of Wight , and devoted himself to writing . He died there in December 1962 , shortly after the publication of one of his most successful books , " The World of Herodotus " . Family . De Sélincourt had a brother , Guy , who was Bursar at Clayesmore in his time there , and who , like him , was a keen sailor and historian : he was also an artist , and illustrated several of Aubrey ' s books . Their sister , Dorothy , married A . A . Milne . In 1919 , de Sélincourt married the poet Irene Rutherford McLeod . They had two daughters , Lesley ( who married her first cousin , Christopher Robin Milne ) , and Anne .
USS Las Vegas Victory ( AK - 229 ) USS " Las Vegas Victory " ( AK - 229 ) was a " Boulder Victory " - class cargo ship acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II . She served in the Pacific Ocean theatre of operations through the end of the war earning one battle star , and then returned to the United States for disposal . Victory built in California . " Las Vegas Victory " , a cargo ship , was launched 1944 by Permanente Metals Corporation , Richmond , California ; sponsored by Mrs . E . W . Cragin ; acquired by the Navy 25 October 1944 and commissioned the same day , Lt . Comdr . William P . Lally in command . World War II operations . After shakedown along the U . S . West Coast . " Las Vegas Victory " departed Astoria , Oregon , 26 November for the Pacific islands . Sailing via Eniwetok and Ulithi , the cargo ship arrived Kossol Passage , Palau Islands , 31 December , laden with 7 , 600 tons of vital ammunition . From January to March 1945 , " Las Vegas Victory " shuttled ammunition among the Caroline Islands and the Marshall Islands , and replenished the fighting ships as they moved closer to the Japanese homeland . Departing Ulithi 25 March , she sailed for the rendezvous with units heading for Okinawa . Making her way through submarine infested waters , the cargo ship arrived off Okinawa on the 31st , and replenished two escort carriers with ammunition . On 1 April the invasion of Okinawa started the removal of the last barrier “ on the road to Japan . ” Under constant attack by Japanese suicide pilots , " Las Vegas Victory " passed ammunition to battleship s , aircraft carrier s , destroyer s , and LCT ’ s until late May . Arriving San Pedro , Leyte , 10 June , she loaded more ammunition and sailed for Eniwetok 19 July . Upon her arrival 1 week later , she was assigned to the Pacific Service Force . " Las Vegas Victory " supported American forces in the Pacific Ocean until 7 November when she departed Eniwetok for the United States . Post - war decommissioning . The cargo ship arrived Port Discovery , Washington , 19 November ; sailed for San Francisco , California , 15 February 1946 ; and decommissioned there 8 April for redelivery to the War Shipping Administration ( WSA ) . She entered the National Defense Reserve Fleet and at present is berthed at Puget Sound , Washington . As of 25 February 2010 , PMARS ( Property Management and & Archive Record System ) contact administrator advised that the U . S . S . Las Vegas Victory was sold for scrap in 1993 and is no longer berthed at any U . S . Naval Shipyard . Honors and awards . " Las Vegas Victory " received one battle star for World War II service .
Terrorist training camp A terrorist training camp is a training camp whose purpose is to teach students methods of terrorism . Terrorist s train there to launch attacks , ranging from suicide bombing practice to field combat . They are often located in regions for the aims of those conducting the training , or in traditional areas of extremism , like Pakistan , Afghanistan , Iraq , and Somalia . They also operated in Lebanon and Syria . Use of parks and wilderness areas is common . Homegrown terrorists sometimes travel to these camps to receive training , as was the case with some of the London Underground bombers . Mohammad Sidique Khan , the operational leader of the cell , received military and explosives training at a camp in Malakand , Pakistan in July 2003 and later took Shezad Tanweer to Karachi , Pakistan , in late 2004 to February 2005 where they received training at al - Qaeda camps in Afghanistan .
Camboglanna Camboglanna ( with the modern name of Castlesteads ) was a Roman fort . It was the twelfth fort on Hadrian ' s Wall counting from the east , between Banna ( Birdoswald ) to the east and Uxelodunum ( Stanwix ) to the west . It was almost west of Birdoswald , on a high bluff commanding the Cambeck Valley . It guarded an important approach to the Wall and also watched the east bank of the Cambeck against raiders from the Bewcastle area . The site was drastically levelled in 1791 when the gardens of Castlesteads House were laid over it . The name “ Camboglana ” is believed to mean “ Crook Bank ” , or " Bent Valley " because it overlooks a bend in the river Irthing . There was some confusion over the Roman name for the fort . At one time Camboglanna was the accepted name for Birdoswald , but this is now believed to be an error in the Notitia Dignitatum . The Roman name for Birdoswald is now thought to be Banna . Description . The fort was approximately square , measuring about and covering approximately . It faces roughly north - west by south - east and overlooks the gorge of the Cambeck . Erosion of the gorge has destroyed the north - west face of the fort . The fort lies within the Vallum , but is not adjacent to the Wall . It is the only fort on Hadrian ' s Wall in this position . It appears that the Wall had already been built at the most convenient point to cross the Cambeck and so , when the fort was built , the strongest point was chosen rather than one adjacent to the Wall . Garrison . The 2nd - century garrison was the First Cohort of Batavians , followed by the Fourth Cohort of Gauls . The 3rd - century garrison was the Second Cohort of Tungri ans , part - mounted . Excavations . In 1934 the fort was partly excavated and the walls , apart from the missing north - east wall were uncovered . The north - east and south - west double gates , and the tower at the southern corner were also uncovered . It was also established that the fort was defended by a single ditch . Several altars have been found at the site and have been preserved . Previously , in 1741 , an external bath - house was located and partly dug .
USS LST - 662 USS " LST - 662 " was an built for the United States Navy in World War II . Like most ships of her class , she was not named and properly known only by her designation . During World War II , " LST - 662 " was assigned to the Asiatic - Pacific theater and participated in the following operations : Following the war , " LST - 662 " was decommissioned on 19 December 1945 and struck from the Navy List on 8 January 1946 . On 25 June 1946 , the ship was sold to Arctic Circle Exploration , Inc . , of Seattle , Washington . " LST - 662 " earned three battle star s for World War II service .
Dennis Bell ( Medal of Honor ) Dennis Bell ( December 28 , 1866 – September 25 , 1953 ) was a Buffalo Soldier in the United States Army and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Spanish - American War . Biography . Bell was born December 28 , 1866 and joined the Army from his birth city , Washington , D . C . . By June 30 , 1898 he was serving as a Private in Troop H of the 10th Cavalry Regiment . On that day , American forces aboard the " Florida " near Trinidad , Cuba , dispatched a landing party to provide reconnaissance on Spanish outposts in the area . The party was discovered by Spanish scouts and came under heavy fire ; their boats were sunk by enemy cannon fire , leaving them stranded on shore . The men aboard the " Florida " launched several rescue attempts ; the first four were forced to retreat under heavy fire . The fifth attempt , manned by Bell and three other Privates of the 10th Cavalry ( Fitz Lee , William H . Thompkins , and George H . Wanton ) under the command of Lieutenant Ahern , launched at night and successfully found and rescued the surviving members of the landing party . One year later , on June 23 , 1899 , four of the rescuers were awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions in what had come to be known as the Battle of Tayacoba . Dennis Bell reached the rank of Corporal before leaving the Army . He died at age 86 and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery , Arlington County , Virginia . Medal of Honor citation . Private Bell ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Voluntarily went ashore in the face of the enemy and aided in the rescue of his wounded comrades ; this after several previous attempts at rescue had been frustrated .
Matthew Quintal Matthew Quintal ( 1766 in Padstow ( baptised 3 March 1766 as Mathew Quintril ) , Cornwall – 1799 , Pitcairn Island ) was a Cornish able seaman and mutineer aboard HMS " Bounty " . His surname was , in all probability , the result of misspelling the Cornish surname " Quintrell " . He was the last of the mutineers to be murdered on Pitcairn Island . He was murdered by Ned Young and John Adams , leaving them the last two men alive on the island . Following the mutiny led by Fletcher Christian , the " Bounty " was taken to Tahiti for a few days before being compelled to set sail . Quintal joined Christian and seven other mutineers . They took with them eleven Tahitian women and six men . After months at sea , the mutineers discovered the uninhabited Pitcairn Island and settled there in January 1790 . It was Quintal who burned the " Bounty " in order to prevent any return , and as a safety precaution , to avoid having the ship give away their location to the British Navy . After three years , a conflict broke out between the Tahitian men and the mutineers , resulting in the deaths of all the Tahitian men and five of the Englishmen ( including Fletcher Christian ) . Quintal was one of the survivors . One of the other survivors , William McCoy , discovered a means of distilling alcohol from one of the island ' s fruits . He and Quintal quickly descended into alcoholism , often bullying the surviving women . McCoy committed suicide by jumping off a cliff in a drunken frenzy . After McCoy ' s suicide , Quintal threatened to kill the rest of the community . The other two surviving men , Ned Young and John Adams , subsequently killed him with an axe during one of his drunken stupors . Quintal ' s descendents reside on Norfolk Island to this day . A descendant , Malcolm Champion , was an Olympic swimmer .
Battle of Liaoyang The was one of the major land battles of the Russo - Japanese War . While the Japanese Army settled down in front of Port Arthur for a siege , a large force under Field Marshal Oyama moved north to secure the strategically located rail junction of Liaoyang , on the Mukden – Port Arthur spur of the China Far East Railway , in Manchuria . The battle began on 25 August 1904 , with the 158 , 000 strong Russian armies , attempting to turn the flanks of the Japanese First , Second and Third Armies totaling 125 , 000 men . On 26 August 1904 , the Japanese First Army took Kosarei Peak and Hung - sha Pass southeast of Liaoyang city after a hard - fought action . General Alexei Kuropatkin , commander - in - chief of the Russian armies , believed that he had been beaten and withdrew from the outer Russian defense line , with the Japanese in pursuit . From 29 – 30 August 1904 , the Russian troops managed to repel intense Japanese assaults on the main defense lines south of Liaoyang . By 31 August 1904 , the Japanese First Army was crossing the river northeast of Liaoyang , On 4 September 1904 , after a few days of ineffectual counterattacks , Kuropatkin decided to evacuate Liaoyang for Mukden in the early morning . The unfortunate city was then sacked in succession by Russian , Chinese , and Japanese forces . The Russian armies suffered about 15 548 casualties ( 2007 KIA , 1448 MIA , 12 093 WIA ) However , despite the greater Japanese casualties ( 23 , 615 killed , wounded or captured ) , the Japanese were able to claim victory since the Russians quit the battlefield . The dearly - won Japanese victory at Liaoyang and the fall of Port Arthur shortly thereafter contributed to the major Russian defeat the next year at the Battle of Mukden . Gallery . Russian forces were supported by observers in a variety of balloons , providing aerial monitoring of the unfolding battle .
Heckler & Koch P2A1 The HK P2A1 is a single - shot , break action flare pistol designed for signaling and illumination purposes . It can fire either 26 . 5 mm or 25 mm flares , or smoke cartridges . Adapters are available to use commercial 12 gauge flares available at sporting goods stores . The body of the weapon is mostly polymer composite , with the barrel and breech being made of steel . Very rugged and simply designed , the P2A1 has a life expectancy of about 1500 shots of full power flares . Past that point , barrel erosion makes the weapon unsafe . The P2A1 is in use in the German army , called " SigPi " ( short for " Signalpistole " or signal handgun )
Ramcke Parachute Brigade The Fallschirmjäger - Brigade " Ramcke " was an elite German Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Brigade which saw action in the Mediterranean Theatre during World War II . History . Following the costly success of Operation " Mercury " , the airborne assault on Crete in 1941 , several elite " Fallschirmjäger " units were formed into an ad hoc brigade under the command of veteran commander Oberst Hermann - Bernhard Ramcke . The brigade was slated to take part in Operation " Hercules " , the planned invasion of Malta . When the attack was cancelled , the Brigade , now named Fallschirmjäger - Brigade Afrika , was sent to join Rommel ' s Deutsches Afrika Korps in North Africa . In April 1942 , the brigade was renamed Fallschirmjäger - Brigade Ramcke . After arriving in North Africa in July 1942 , the brigade performed excellently , providing a counter to Stirling ' s Special Air Service , which had been wreaking havoc with the Axis command , control and logistical system . Ramcke ' s unit next formed a part of the spearhead during the DAK ' s assault towards the Suez Canal , fighting alongside the Italian 25th Infantry Division " Bologna " before British opposition solidified near the town of El Alamein . The brigade was then heavily engaged in the Second Battle of El Alamein . During the German withdrawal , the brigade was cut off behind enemy lines and written off as lost by Rommel . Despite this , on 3 November 1942 , the brigade began marching west to rejoin the retreating Axis forces . On the night of 6 / 7 November , the brigade came upon a British 8th Army supply convoy , consisting of a large number of British transport vehicles . Without firing a shot , the brigade hijacked the column . Now fully motorised , the brigade continued moving west . The transport unit which they had hijacked happened to be the entire supply convoy for an allied Armoured division , and besides the trucks themselves , Ramcke ' s men had captured quantities of fuel , water , food and cigarettes . By the time the brigade reached friendly forces , it had travelled over 200 miles . Following this feat , the brigade was sent back to Tunisia for rest . The brigade was now renamed Luftwaffen - Jäger - Brigade 1 , and after a brief period of rest was thrown back into the lines against the advancing allied forces in Tunisia . Ramcke was transferred back to Europe , and command passed to Major Hans Kroh , one of the battalion commanders . The brigade was involved in heavy fighting against the British in the mountainous terrain of southern Tunisia . The brigade kept fighting until the capitulation of Panzer - Armee " Afrika " in May 1943 , when the survivors surrendered to the Western Allies . " Ramcke " Brigade veteran Friedrich August von der Heydte went on to command Fallschirmjäger Regiment 6 near Carentan in the 1944 Normandy campaign . Ramcke himself was placed in command of the defence of Brest , which he held until 20 September 1944 , and was responsible for the evacuation of over 40 , 000 civilians .
Battle of Broekhuizen The battle of Broekhuizen , a small Dutch village near the Meuse , was a small battle which took place at the end of the Second World War . In the fighting , which took place by the end of November 1944 , castle Broekhuizen and the nearby village were conquered by the 15th Scottish Division on the Germans , meanwhile destroying the castle . On the Scottish side , of the 300 soldiers present , there were 43 killed and 140 wounded . On the German side 139 prisoners of war were made , while estimates for casualties range from 17 to 60 killed .
Milecastle 52 Milecastle 52 ( Bankshead ) , one of the milecastle s on Hadrian ' s Wall , is situated to the west of Birdoswald fort ( OS grid reference NY 579 649 ) . Although not now visible , excavation showed that it measures 27 . 5m east to west by 23 . 4m north to south and that it has Type III gateways . It lies 1484m west of Milecastle 51 and 1520m east of Milecastle 53 . The stone milecastle replaced its underlying predecessor , Milecastle 52TW on the Turf Wall . Milecastle 52 was excavated in 1934 .
Battle of Gqokli Hill The Battle of Gqokli Hill was conducted in 1818 , a part of the Zulu Civil War , between Shaka of the Zulu nation and Zwide of the Ndwandwe , in Shaka ' s territory just south of present - day Ulundi . It was Shaka ' s first major battle with Zwide , who could see that his southern neighbour would cause trouble in the future . Masterful tactics in spite of being outnumbered 2 : 1 won the battle for Shaka . He posted troops at the drifts where Zwide ' s troops , under command of Nomahlanjana , had to cross the White Umfolozi River , to delay the enemy where he had advantage . Meanwhile he laid waste to the area over the river , and placed his troops around the top of Gqokli hill , with a reserve , and all his supplies , in a depression at the top of the hill . He dispatched some troops as a decoy to herd cattle away - Nomahlanjana divided his forces to capture the cattle for provisions . Discipline on the part of the Zulus meant that the surrounding Ndwandwe forces threw away their assegai to little effect while getting no weapons thrown back in return . The decreasing circle of the attacking forces also caused congestion . Fighting is very thirsty work , and later in the day many of the Ndwandwe slipped off back to the river to drink - further depleting Nomahlanjana ' s forces . Making little progress with a frontal attack on Shaka , Nomahlanjana decided to concentrate all his forces at one point . Shakas tactics came into play - his reserve forces ran down the hill in two lines , encircled and destroyed the column . However , his depleted forces were not enough for a convincing defeat , and the Ndwandwe forces retreated north .
Pennsylvania - class cruiser The " Pennsylvania " class of six armored cruiser s were built by the United States Navy between 1901 and 1908 . All six were later renamed for cities , to make the state names available for new battleship s . All of them served during World War I , with the " California " ( then " San Diego " ) being the only ship of its class to be lost . The remaining five armored cruisers were scrapped between 1930 and 1931 in accordance with the London Naval Treaty . Ships of the class . In order of construction :
Die hard ( phrase ) The phrase die hard was first used during the Battle of Albuera ( 1811 ) in the Peninsular war . During the battle , Lieutenant - Colonel William Inglis of the 57th ( West Middlesex ) Regiment of Foot was wounded by canister shot . Despite his injuries , Inglis refused to retire from the battle but remained with the regimental colours , encouraging his men with the words " Die hard 57th , die hard ! " as they came under intense pressure from a French attack . The ' Die Hards ' subsequently became the West Middlesex ’ s regimental nickname . The term was later used to deride several senior officers of the Army who sought to maintain the system bequeathed to them by the Duke of Wellington and who strenuously resisted military reforms enacted by Parliament starting in the late 1860s . In British politics the adjective " die - hard " ( best written with a hyphen ) was later used to describe those members of the House of Lords who , during the crisis caused by the Lords ' rejection of Lloyd George ' s " People ' s Budget " of 1909 refused to accept the diminution of the Upper House ' s powers by the Parliament Act 1911 . It was later used to describe those members of the Conservative Party , including Winston Churchill , who refused to accept any moves towards Indian independence in the 1930s . Again this opposition was powerfully concentrated in the House of Lords . Many of the die hards , though obviously not Churchill , flirted with Oswald Mosley ' s British Union of Fascists and some even became active sympathisers with Adolf Hitler and called for a negotiated peace in the crisis of 1940 . The term is now commonly used to describe any person who will not be swayed from a belief , and was used as the title of the popular action movie series " Die Hard " , all starring Bruce Willis as police officer John McClane .