naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Thomas Elsdon Ashford Thomas Elsdon Ashford ( 1859 – 21 February 1913 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . He was born in 1859 at 2 Peck ’ s Cottage , All Saints , Newmarket , Cambridgeshire , the illegitimate son of Thomas Ashford , a boot maker and Emma Elsdon . Thomas joined the Army at Woolwich for the 49th Brigade on 12 June 1877 . The VC action . He was about 21 years old , and a private in The Royal Fusiliers , British Army during the Second Anglo - Afghan War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 16 August 1880 at Deh Khoja , near Kandahar , Afghanistan , Private Ashford assisted Lieutenant William St . Lucien Chase in rescuing and carrying for a distance of over 200 yards under the fire of the enemy , a wounded soldier who had taken shelter in a block - house and finally brought the wounded man to a place of safety . His citation read : After his military service , Ashford settled in Thringstone , Leicestershire and served as a postman for many years . He was married in Thringstone Church to Betsy Ann Sisson on 29 January 1891 . He later moved to the neighbouring village of Whitwick and died on 13 February 1913 . He was laid to rest in Whitwick Cemetery , in the presence of thousands of mourners , though the grave lay unmarked for many years , until a monument was provided by the local British Legion . Three street names in Whitwick have since been named in his honour . The Medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Fusiliers Museum in the Tower of London , London .
Guningtou War Museum The Guningtou War Museum or Kuningtou Battle Museum ( Chinese : 古寧頭戰史館 ) is located in the Kuningtou area of the Kinmen National Park , Kinmen County , Fujian Province , Republic of China ( Taiwan ) . It was built in 1984 to commemorate the Battle of Guningtou ( started in 1949 and extended through the 1950s ) between the Republic of China and the communist People ' s Republic of China .
Cannone da 75 / 46 C . A . modello 34 The Cannone da 75 / 46 C . A . modello 34 was an Italian anti - aircraft gun used during World War II . The designation means it had a caliber of 75 mm , the barrel was 46 caliber - lengths long and it was accepted in service in 1934 . History . In German use it was renamed 7 . 5 - cm Flak 264 / 3 ( i ) .
USS Dianthus ( SP - 639 ) USS " Dianthus " ( SP - 639 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Dianthus " was built as a private motorboat of the same name by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company at Bristol , Rhode Island , in 1913 . On 21 May 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner , John P . Crozer of Upland , Pennsylvania , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Dianthus " ( SP - 639 ) on 26 May 1917 with Ensign J . J . Banner , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 4th Naval District , " Dianthus " performed patrol duty for the rest of World War I . " Dianthus " was decommissioned on 27 November 1918 and returned to Crozer the same day .
William Meyer ( Medal of Honor ) William Meyer ( June 22 , 1863 – September 6 , 1926 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Battle of Cienfuegos during the Spanish - American War . William Meyer died at the age of 63 and was buried in Forest Home Cemetery , Forest Park , Illinois . Medal of Honor citation . Carpenter ' s Mate Third Class Meyer ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Nashville " during the operation of cutting the cable leading from Cienfuegos , Cuba , 11 May 1898 . Facing the heavy fire of the enemy , Meyer displayed extraordinary bravery and coolness throughout this action .
Phoenix Air Defense Sector The Phoenix Air Defense Sector ( PhADS ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command 28th Air Division , being stationed at Luke Air Force Base , Arizona . It was inactivated on 1 April 1966 History . PhADS was established in June 1959 assuming control of former ADC Western Air Defense Force units in Arizona ; southwestern California ; southern Nevada and southwestern Utah . The organization provided command and control over several aircraft and radar squadrons . On 15 June the new Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) Direction Center ( DC - 21 ) became operational . DC - 21 was equipped with dual AN / FSQ - 7 Computer s . The day - to - day operations of the command was to train and maintain tactical flying units flying jet interceptor aircraft ( F - 94 Starfire ; F - 102 Delta Dagger ; F - 106 Delta Dart ) in a state of readiness with training missions and series of exercises with SAC and other units simulating interceptions of incoming enemy aircraft . The Sector was inactivated on 1 April 1966 as part of an ADC consolidation and reorganization ; then redesignated as 27th Air Division .
Landsverk L - 185 The Landsverk L - 185 was Swedish armored vehicle , developed by AB Landsverk in 1933 . The L - 185 wasn ' t used by the Swedish Army . In 1934 , an modified L - 185 , built on a 4 x 4 Fordson chassis , was sold to Denmark , being 2 . 5 tons heavier than the original and it was issued to the Army Technical Corps of the Danish Army , under the Danish designation FP - 6 . Following a engine failure in the 1937 , the L - 185 was relegated to the training role in 1939 . See also . Landsverk L - 180 , L - 181 and L - 182 — A family of similar armored cars made by Landsverk .
Close operations Close operations are operations that are within the commander ' s area of operation ( AO ) in his battlespace ( see : Area of responsibility ) . Most operations that are projected in close areas are usually against hostile forces in immediate contact and are often the decisive actions . It requires speed and mobility to rapidly concentrate overwhelming combat power at the critical time and place and exploit success . Dominated by fire support , the combined elements of the ground and air elements conduct maneuver warfare to enhance the effects of their fires and their ability to maneuver . As they maneuver to gain positions of advantage over the enemy , combined arms forces deliver fires to disrupt the enemy ’ s ability to interfere with that maneuver . Commanders prioritize fires to weight the main effort and to focus combat power to achieve effects that lead to a decision . The effects of fires can be massed to strike the enemy at the decisive point and time , while reducing the risks to the force entailed in massing maneuver forces at a single point or in a single portion of the battlespace .
Texas Desert Shield - Desert Storm Campaign Medal The Texas Desert Shield - Desert Storm Campaign Medal is an award within the Texas Military Forces , within the United States Armed Forces . Eligibility . The Texas Desert Shield - Desert Storm Campaign Medal may be awarded to members of the Texas Military Forces . Use . The Texas Desert Shield - Desert Storm Campaign Medal shall be awarded to a person who was inducted into federal service from the Texas National Guard after 1 Aug 1990 , in support of Operation Desert Shield or Operation Desert Storm , without regard to the place that the person was deployed while serving on active federal military duty .
HMS L1 HMS " L1 was a British L - class submarine built by Vickers , Barrow . Originally laid down as E - class submarine E57 " on 18 May 1916 , she and sister ship incorporated enough changes that they were renamed as the first pair of boats of a newly designated L class . " L1 " was launched 10 May 1917 , and commissioned on 10 November 1917 . She sailed to Hong Kong in 1919 . " L1 " was placed in the reserve flotilla in 1923 in Hong Kong . She was then sold in March 1930 and sold for scrap . While being towed to Newport she broke free and was stranded at Penanwell Cove , near Porth Nanven in Cornwall . She was scrapped where she lay . Some metal remains can still be seen there on low spring tides .
HMS Burslem ( 1918 ) HMS " Burslem " was a Hunt class minesweeper of the Royal Navy from World War I . She was originally to be named " Blakeney " , but this was changed to avoid any conflict between the vessel name and a coastal location .
HMS Geyser ( 1841 ) HMS " Geyser " was a " Driver " - class wooden paddle sloop of the Royal Navy constructed in 1841 and broken up in 1866 . Design and construction . " Geyser " was ordered on 12 March 1840 as the fourth of a class of 6 second - class steam vessels . She was laid down in Aug 1840 and launched on 6 April 1841 . She was long on the gundeck and displaced 1 , 590 tons . Power for her paddles came from a Seaward & Capel 2 - cylinder direct - acting steam engine developing 280 nominal horsepower , which was fitted at Woolwich in May 1841 . Having conducted engine trials in the River Thames , she left Woolwich for Sheerness on 31 October 1841 to be coppered and made ready for sea . She was commissioned for the first time at Sheerness on 8 March 1842 . Service history . She served in the Mediterranean and the Levant in 1846 . By December 1848 she was at the Cape of Good Hope . On 16 February 1850 she rescued the survivors of the barque " Childe Harold " , a passenger ship homeward bound from Australia . " Childe Harold " had struck the south east point of Dassen Island on the West Coast of South Africa . The only fatality was the Master , James Byres , who drowned while attempting to swim ashore with a line . She spent much of 1851 conducting anti - slavery patrols off the coast of Brazil . On 11 February 1851 she captured the slave brig " Mangano " in the vicinity of Rio de Janiero . The slaver was sent for adjudication to the Vice - Admiralty Court at St . Helena , and in June 1851 she was sentenced to be restored to her master without costs . She was present at the Fleet Review at Spithead on 23 April 1856 , and in 1857 was at Simon ' s Town in South Africa for patrols off the East Coast of Africa . On 23 June 1860 she was recommissioned at Devonport for service on the Home Station as a storeship . Fate . " Geyser " was broken up in 1866 .
USS Mira ( SP - 118 ) The first proposed USS " Mira " ( SP - 118 ) was a launch scheduled for United States Navy use as a patrol vessel in 1918 that was never commissioned . " Mira " was built as a wooden - hulled civilian motor launch in 1911 by the Holmes Motor Company at West Mystic , Connecticut . The U . S . Navy acquired " Mira " from her owner , Charles L . Poor , and scheduled her for use as a patrol boat in the 3rd Naval District during World War I . However , she saw no active naval service , and the Navy returned her to Poor on 8 May 1918 without ever commissioning her .
II ANZAC Corps The II ANZAC Corps ( Second Anzac Corps ) was an Australian and New Zealand First World War army corps formed in Egypt in February 1916 as part of the reorganization of the Australian Imperial Force following the evacuation of Gallipoli in November 1915 , under the command of William Birdwood . This corps , along with the I ANZAC Corps , replaced the original Australian and New Zealand Army Corps ( ANZAC ) . General Alexander Godley , commander of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force , assumed command of the corps after the I Anzac Corps embarked for France in late March , 1916 . The corps initially comprised the two " new " Australian divisions — the Australian 4th and 5th divisions — that had been spawned from the " veteran " 1st and 2nd divisions . In July 1916 , following the arrival of II Anzac in France , the Australian 4th Division was swapped for the New Zealand Division from I Anzac , and II Anzac took over a sector of front - line near Armentières . In mid - July , II Anzac lent the 5th Division to the British XI Corps for a diversionary operation that became known as the Battle of Fromelles . In the June 1917 Battle of Messines , prelude to the Third Battle of Ypres , II Anzac was the southernmost of three British divisions to attack the Messines ridge . At this time II Anzac contained the New Zealand Division , the Australian 3rd Division and the British 25th Division . The Australian 4th Division was also attached to the corps as reinforcements and was to mount a follow - up attack after the assault by the other three divisions . Upon the formation of the Australian Corps in December 1917 , which contained all five Australian divisions , II Anzac was reformed as the British XXII Corps .
Nob Hill at Guantanamo Bay Naval Station The Nob Hill neighborhood of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base is located at the northeast end of Sherman Avenue . It is approximately 1 / 2 mile south from the now - mothballed Camp X - ray . Built in 1997 , there are 33 flat and 2 - story duplex housing units . The square - footage varies from 1197 to , depending on floor plan . This neighborhood is reserved for the senior enlisted ranks ( E - 7 to E - 9 ) , company - grade officer s , and civilian GS equivalent .
Edward Lyman Abbott Edward Lyman ( Hick ) Abbott ( 1891 - 1918 ) was the Chief Clerk in the Attorney General ' s Branch of the Provincial Government when he was granted a commission in the Regiment , July 8 , 1915 . Overview . He went overseas in World War I with the 68th ( Regina ) Battalion , Canadian Expeditionary Force , serving as a Captain with the 52nd ( New Ontario Regiment ) Battalion , C . E . F . He was killed in action while serving with that unit having previously won the Military Cross and Bar for gallantry in the Field . " Hickory " Abbott was a great athlete excelling in Lacrosse , ice hockey , Rugby , Football and Basketball . He was an outstanding member of the Regina ' Victorias ' - winners of the Allan Cup . One of Saskatchewan ' s best loved sons , ' Hick ' Abbott was a noted hockey player in Western Canada . He captained the Regina Victorias when they won the Junior Championship of Canada in 1913 and 1914 . The Abbott Cup , emblematic of Western Canadian Junior Hockey championship was named in his memory .
Gangneung Air Base Gangneung Airbase is an airbase holding the 18th fighter wing of the Republic of Korea Air Force . It is located in Gangneung , Gangwon - do . The airfield has one runway ( 8 / 26 ) , and is ILS equipped on runway 23 . In the past , this airfield also used to handle civilian air traffic . The passenger handling functions of this airfield were closed prior to the opening of Yangyang International Airport History . During the Korean War , the USAF designated the base as K - 18 . In 1969 , Korean Air Lines YS - 11 flying from Gangneung Airbase to Gimpo International Airport in Seoul was hijacked by a North Korean agent and forced to land in the North ; seven of the passengers and all four crew members among them did not return to South Korea .
Donald S . Lopez , Sr . Donald S . Lopez , Sr . ( July 15 , 1923 – March 3 , 2008 ) was a former U . S . Army and U . S . Air Force fighter and test pilot and until his death the deputy director of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum . In 1948 he married Glindel Barron , sister of Florida State Senator Dempsey Barron . Born in Brooklyn , New York , Lopez showed an interest in aviation at an early age . He often rode his bike to Floyd Bennett Field where he occasionally got free flights from a family friend . During his teenage years , his family moved to Tampa , Florida , inside the traffic pattern of Drew Army Air Field , so he could see Army Air Corps fighters flying overhead . That hardened his resolve to become a fighter pilot . He learned to fly in college , then volunteered for the Army Air Forces Aviation Cadet Program when the age limit was lowered to 18 in early 1942 . After earning his wings , he saw combat in China as a member of the 23rd Fighter Group , successor to the famed Flying Tigers . He became an ace , credited with shooting down five Japanese fighters , four in a P - 40 and one in a P - 51 . Lopez returned to Florida in 1945 and served as a fighter test pilot at Eglin Field , flying most of the early jet fighters . After Eglin , he served two tours in the Pentagon , earned a B . S . and M . S . in aeronautical engineering , and was an associate professor of thermodynamics at the United States Air Force Academy . Following his retirement from the Air Force in 1964 , he spent eight years as an engineer on the Apollo and Skylab programs with Bellcomm , Inc . , a subsidiary of Bell Labs . In 1972 , he joined the staff of the National Air and Space Museum . His publications include two memoirs , " Into the Teeth of the Tiger " ( Smithsonian , 1997 , ISBN 1 - 56098 - 752 - 9 ) , and " Fighter Pilot ' s Heaven : Flight Testing the Early Jets " ( Smithsonian , 2001 , ISBN 1 - 56098 - 916 - 5 ) . He and Glindel have two children , Joy Lopez and Donald S . Lopez , Jr . ( currently a professor of Buddhist studies at the University of Michigan ) , and one grandchild , Laura V . Lopez . Lopez died from a heart attack on March 3 , 2008 , at Duke University Medical Center in Durham , North Carolina . He had a military honor funeral and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington , Virginia .
Erich Reuter Erich Reuter ( 30 March 1904 – 30 October 1989 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
SM UC - 76 SM " UC - 76 " was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 25 November 1916 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 17 December 1916 as SM " UC - 76 " . In 2 patrols " UC - 76 " was credited with sinking 15 ships , either by torpedo or by mines laid . " UC - 76 " was surrendered on 1 December 1918 and broken up at Brighton Ferry in 1919 – 20 .
1st Regiment Iowa Volunteer Cavalry The 1st Regiment Iowa Volunteer Cavalry was an cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The first Iowa Cavalry was organized at Davenport , Iowa and mustered in for three years of Federal service between July 30 , and September 12 , 1862 . Unusually for a Union cavalry regiment , the members of the regiment provided their own horses and equipment . The first Iowa was the first three - year cavalry regiment accepted for Federal service during the war . The regiment was mustered out on February 15 , 1866 , while on Reconstruction duty in Austin , Texas , and discharged for state service on March 16 , 1866 . Total strength and casualties . A total of 2115 men served in the 1st Iowa at one time or another during its existence . It suffered 2 officers and 56 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 2 officers and 233 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 293 fatalities .
Oscar Fitzalan Long Oscar Fitzalan Long ( June 16 , 1852 – December 23 , 1928 ) was a United States Army Brigadier General who was a recipient of the Medal of Honor for valor in action on September 30 , 1877 near Bear Paw Mountain , Montana . An 1876 graduate of West Point , he served in the Army until 1904 . Education and American Indian Wars . Long was born in Utica , New York in 1852 . He received an appointment to West Point , graduating in 1876 . He served most of his Army career in the American West . During the campaign against Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce in the fall of 1877 , Long was one of nine men who received the Medal of Honor for valor at the Battle of Bear Paw Mountain . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Second Lieutenant , 5th U . S . Infantry . Place and date : At Bear Paw Mountain , Mont . , 30 September 1877 . Entered service at : Utica , N . Y . Born : 16 June 1852 , Utica , N . Y . Date of issue : 22 March 1895 . Citation : " Having been directed to order a troop of cavalry to advance , and finding both its officers killed , he voluntarily assumed command , and under a heavy fire from the Indians advanced the troop to its proper position . " Life after the frontier . After retiring as a Brigadier General in 1904 , Long moved to Oakland , California and became a businessman . He has a collection of papers on file at the University of California , Berkeley . Long is buried at Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland .
USS Bailey ( DD - 492 ) USS " Bailey " ( DD - 492 ) was a " Benson " - class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II . She was the third ship named for Admiral Theodorus Bailey . " Bailey " was launched 19 December 1941 by Bethlehem Steel Company , Staten Island , New York ; sponsored by Mrs . Mary de Peyster Charles , granddaughter of Admiral Bailey , commissioned 11 May 1942 , Lieutenant Commander F . D . Karns , Jr . , in command ; and reported to the Pacific Fleet . Service history . In the Pacific , " Bailey " joined TF 8 on patrol in the Aleutian Islands . On 12 January 1943 , she supported the unopposed invasion of Amchitka Island and on 26 March took part in the Battle of the Komandorski Islands during which time her captain was LCDR John Atkeson . During a torpedo attack , in which she scored several gunfire hits on , " Bailey " received three direct hits from 8 - inch shells which killed five and wounded six men , and caused major damage to the ship . For this action , she was awarded the Navy Unit Commendation . After undergoing temporary repairs at Dutch Harbor , Alaska , " Bailey " arrived at Mare Island Navy Yard 8 April 1943 for permanent repairs . Repairs completed , she arrived at Pearl Harbor 16 October 1943 . Between November 1943 and October 1944 , " Bailey " acted as a fire - support , picket , and patrol ship in the invasions of Tarawa ( 20 November – 7 December 1943 ) ; Maloelap and Kwajalein , Marshall Islands ( 30 January – 29 February 1944 ) ; Saipan and Tinian , Marianas Islands ( 15 June – 28 July ) ; and Peleliu and Angaur , Palau Islands ( 15 September – 2 October ) . On the night of 1 October 1944 , she underwent two severe strafing attacks while on picket duty off the Palaus . Damage was extensive , 9 men were killed and 16 wounded . Following emergency repairs " Bailey " proceeded to Mare Island for permanent repairs , arriving 25 October . Returning to Pearl Harbor 24 December 1944 , she supported the landings on Mindanao ( 10 March – 10 April 1945 ) and on Borneo ( 27 April – 22 July ) . Between August and November 1945 , she was engaged in training in Far Eastern waters . On 11 December 1945 , she arrived at Boston , Massachusetts for inactivation and went out of commission in reserve at Charleston , South Carolina , 2 May 1946 . She was stricken for the Naval Vessel Register on 1 June 1968 . She was sunk as a target off Florida on 4 November 1969 . Awards . " Bailey " received nine battle star s and the Navy Unit Commendation for her service in the Pacific .