naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Military Park ( Indianapolis ) Military Park is the oldest park in Indianapolis , Indiana , covering . In accordance with the Indiana Constitution , the land that forms Military Park cannot be sold ; only Monument Circle and half of the Indiana State Capitol share this distinction . History . Ever since the founding of Indianapolis in 1820 , the grounds of Military Park , originally called Military Ground , have seen various uses . The first documented celebration of Independence Day in Indianapolis occurred at Military Ground on July 4 , 1822 . The United States Congress officially gave the land to the state of Indiana in 1827 , for use in training the local militias . Before 1860 , its greatest use for militia training was for the Black Hawk War in 1836 . The 1851 Indiana Constitution forbids the selling of Military Park . The first Indiana State Fair was held at the park in October 1852 . Save for the years during which the fair traveled , the site was used for the state fair until it moved , in 1860 , to the site where , during the Civil War , Camp Morton would be built . Stalls and exhibition halls were built on the grounds for such a purpose , surrounded by a large wooden fence . The State Fair made one last appearance on Military Park in 1863 . During the Civil War , Union soldiers were encamped at the Park . Governor Oliver P . Morton renamed the park Camp Sullivan , after the 13th Indiana Infantry ' s Colonel Jeremiah C . Sullivan . It was the first designated camp for the Federal army in Marion County , Indiana . However , this use severely damaged the grounds , due to all of the different troops entering and leaving Camp Sullivan , as it was a marshaling center . Following the war , efforts by local resident George Merritt started to improve the grounds , with the addition of a fountain and a small pool with a considerable - size rock foundation . Relics from the war and playground equipment were also added , as was a pavilion that still stands . William Jennings Bryan was notified that he would be the Democrat nominee for the Presidency of the United States on August 7 , 1900 . The two hour rally was preceded by a march by the candidates from Indianapolis ' s Union Station . In 1916 the park was renamed Camp Sullivan Park . Between World War I and World War II , the park began to deteriorate . By now again known as Military Park , its diminished status continued until 1980 , when the Lilly Endowment and Krannert Charitable Trust granted funds for its improvement . In 1979 it become part of White River State Park . Today . Military Park hosts several events , such as rallies , festivals , and outdoor concerts . In 2007 the park ' s shelter house was renovated for over $ 700 , 000 .
USS Pratt ( DE - 363 ) USS " Pratt " ( DE - 363 ) was a acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II . The primary purpose of the destroyer escort was to escort and protect ships in convoy , in addition to other tasks as assigned , such as patrol or radar picket . USS " Pratt " was named in honor of a father , Malcolm Lewis Pratt who was awarded the Navy Cross for his brave actions during World War I , and his son John Lester Pratt . Both lost their lives on Guadalcanal . She was laid down by the Consolidated Steel Corp . , Ltd . , Orange , Texas , 11 April 1944 ; launched 1 June 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Malcolm L . Pratt ; and commissioned 18 September 1944 , Comdr . Robert H . Wanless in command . World War II Pacific Theatre operations . After shakedown off Bermuda , " Pratt " sailed with Escort Division 85 for the Panama Canal and southwest Pacific Ocean . Arriving at Manus , Admiralty Islands , 7 January 1945 , " Pratt " was escort commander for convoys running between New Guinea and the Philippines until 25 May . Between 25 May and 25 August she trained and escorted British and U . S . submarines in the Subic Bay area and patrolled the shipping lanes off the northwestern coast of Luzon . China and Korea operations . " Pratt " next joined TG 70 . 4 and sailed to Okinawa where she joined the Korean occupation force . On 5 September she sailed for Jinsen and after aiding in establishing a seaplane anchorage there , she got underway with and , for Shanghai , China , whence she shifted to Taku , arriving 28 September to plant seaplane moorings . Post - war decommissioning . On 21 November she departed the Asian continent for Okinawa , thence to the United States for inactivation . Arriving at San Pedro , California , 16 December , she decommissioned 14 May 1946 and was berthed at Stockton , California , as a unit of the Pacific Reserve Fleet . Transferred to the Mare Island Group in 1959 , she has remained a unit of the Reserve Fleet until she was struck on 15 March 1972 . She was sold for scrapping on 15 January 1973 .
Peter Hofschröer Peter Hofschröer is a historian who specialises in the Napoleonic Wars . Education . He gained a BA ( Hons ) in German and History from King ' s College London . Career . He has written books and contributed articles to magazines and journals such as the " BBC History " magazine , " Military History " , " War in History " , the " Journal of the Society of Army Historical Research " , " First Empire " , " Military Illustrated " , " Age of Napoleon " and the " Osprey Military Journal " , and to the BBC History website . He has been a historical advisor to various TV companies , and to the makers of the computer game based on the Waterloo Campaign , " Fields of Glory " , published by MicroProse . He used to present papers at gatherings such as the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe , the Wellington Congress , at the National Army Museum , Royal United Services Institute , and give talks at events such as the Cheltenham Literary Festival , and the International Napoleonic Fair . Awards . His awards include a Fellowship of the International Napoleonic Society and the Memorial Medal of the League of Bismarck , once in bronze , once in silver .
Antoine Paillard Born in Sainte - Gemmes - d ' Andigné in 1897 , sous Lieutenant Antoine Joseph Henri Louis Paillard was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories and was awarded three times including the Legion of Honor . His daughter Gisele Paillard was born on the 23rd of May 1920 .
Battle of Kessler ' s Cross Lanes The Battle of Kessler ' s Cross Lanes , also known as the Battle of Cross Lanes , took place on August 26 , 1861 in Nicholas County , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) as part of the Operations in Western Virginia Campaign during the American Civil War . On August 26 , Brig . Gen . John B . Floyd , commanding Confederate forces in the Kanawha Valley , crossed the Gauley River to attack Col . Erastus Tyler ' s 7th Ohio Regiment encamped at Kessler ' s Cross Lanes . The Union forces were surprised and routed . Floyd then withdrew to the river and took up a defensive position at Carnifex Ferry . During the month , Gen . Robert E . Lee arrived in western Virginia and attempted to coordinate the forces of Brig . Gens . Floyd , Henry A . Wise , and William W . Loring .
Augustus Clifford Admiral Sir Augustus William James Clifford , 1st Baronet ( 26 May 1788 – 8 February 1877 ) was a British Royal Navy officer , court official , and usher of the Black Rod . Personal life . Clifford was born in France in 1788 , the illegitimate son of William Cavendish , 5th Duke of Devonshire ( and 7th Baron Clifford ) ( 1748 – 1811 ) , and Lady Elizabeth Foster ( 1759 – 1824 ) , daughter of Frederick Hervey , 4th Earl of Bristol . Not long after his birth , his mother brought him to England , to be wet - nursed by Louisa Augusta Marshall , wife of the Revd John Marshall , curate at Clewer , near Windsor , Berkshire . Clifford was educated at Harrow School , 1796 - 99 . His parents married in 1809 , their respective spouses having died . He married , on 20 October 1813 , Lady Elizabeth Frances Townshend ( 2 August 1789 – 10 April 1862 Nice ) , sister of John Townshend , 4th Marquess Townshend . Each of his sons , Capt William RN , Robert and Charles succeeded their father in turn as the second , third and fourth ( and final ) baronets . Clifford was a patron of the arts , and formed a unique collection of paintings , sculpture , etchings , engravings , and bijouterie . He died at his residence in the House of Lords in 1877 . Naval career . Clifford entered the Royal Navy as a midshipman in May 1800 , and was promoted to a lieutenancy in 1806 . He served at the reduction of Ste . Lucie and Tobago in 1803 , and throughout the operations in Egypt during 1807 . He was at the capture of a convoy in the Bay of Rosas in 1809 ( for which he received a medal ) and in the operations on the coast of Italy 1811 – 12 . After this , as captain , he was for many years actively employed in naval duties , being several times mentioned in the " London Gazette " for his courage in cutting - out expeditions and on other occasions . For some time he was engaged in attendance on the Lord High Admiral , the Duke of Clarence , afterwards William IV , and in 1828 he took Lord William Bentinck out to India as governor - general . This was his last service afloat , and he was not actively employed after 1831 . He reached the rank of rear - admiral 23 March 1848 , vice - admiral 27 September 1855 , Admiral of the Blue 7 November 1860 , and Admiral of the Red 1864 , becoming retired admiral 31 March 1866 . Political career . He was Member of Parliament for UK Parliament constituency 1818 – 20 ; for UK Parliament constituency , 1820 – 2 ; and again for Bandon from 23 July 1831 to 3 Dec . 1832 . He was nominated a Commander of the Order of the Bath on 8 December 1815 , knighted on 4 August 1830 , and created a baronet on 4 August 1838 . His half - brother , the 6th Duke of Devonshire ( then Lord Chamberlain ) , appointed him on 25 July 1832 Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod , which office he held , much to his satisfaction , until his death . On various occasions between 1843 and 1866 he acted as deputy lord great chamberlain of England , in the absence of Lord Willoughby d ' Eresby .
Collins Barracks ( Cork ) Collin ' s Barracks is a military barracks on the Old Youghal Road on the north side of Cork in Ireland . Originally erected between 1801 and 1806 , the works were completed by Abraham Hargrave to designs by John Gibson in a prominent position on the hills overlooking the city and the River Lee . Initially known simply as " The Barracks " , the complex was extended in 1849 and renamed to " Victoria Barracks " , to celebrate a visit by Queen Victoria . After housing British forces in the city for more than one hundred years , the barracks were handed over by the British Government to Commandant Sean Murray of the Army of the Irish Free State in 1922 , under the terms of the Anglo - Irish Treaty ( which marked the end of the Irish War of Independence ) . The barracks were soon renamed for Michael Collins , the first commander - in - chief of the Free State , and a native of County Cork . A garrison for the " Southern Command " of the Irish Army since then , the complex was visited by US President John F . Kennedy in 1963 . It features the largest military barracks parade square in Europe , and is home to both regular ( PDF ) and reserve ( RDF ) units from many corps , including the headquarters of 1 Southern Brigade , Infantry , Artillery , Engineering and Logistics . From 2004 the barracks have been subject to a modernisation programme . This programme involved building new messing facilities , a gymnasium and workshops . Further reading . city
William O . Eareckson Colonel William " Eric " Olmstead Eareckson ( May 30 , 1900 – October 26 , 1966 ) was an U . S . Army Air Force combat commander during the World War II Battle of the Aleutian Islands . William O . Eareckson was the son of Thomas B Eareckson and Sarah Caroline Eareckson ( née Tucker ) . He was born in Baltimore , Maryland . Eareckson enlisted in the Army at age 17 and fought in France during World War I , where he was wounded . After the war he remained in the Army and received a presidential appointment to West Point . While at West Point he composed a fight song for the football team titled " Gridiron Grenadiers " . After graduation in 1924 , he attended pilot training , but washed out . He then applied to the become a balloon pilot and was successful . In 1928 , then - Lieutenant Eareckson , together with Captain William E . Kepner , won the National Balloon Elimination Race and the accompanying Paul W . Litchfield Trophy . It was only two years later , at the relatively advanced age of 30 , that Eareckson finally won his airplane pilot rating . In 1939 he was given command of the 36th Bombardment Squadron . During the Aleutians fighting , Eareckson was famed for his innovative tactics . For example , on August 17 , 1942 , he used radar - equipped B - 17 s to guide P - 38 s to a position from where they shot down two of three raiding Japanese Kawanishi H6K bombers . He also pioneered low - level bombing raids against the enemy to counteract the effects of the consistently poor and unpredictable Aleutian weather . During the battle of Attu , Eareckson joined frontline infantrymen , borrowed a rifle , and entered the fray - - - but was quickly wounded by a Japanese sniper . He was awarded a Purple Heart , but was castigated by General Buckner , Commander of the Alaska Defense Command , for " being where you had no business being " . In early 1943 , midway through the Aleutians campaign , Eareckson was transferred to General Buckner ' s staff as Deputy Chief of Staff for the Eleventh Air Force . He continued to lead combat missions in that capacity . Later he became a member of Admiral Chester Nimitz ' s staff . Nimitz , the Commander in Chief of the Pacific Area , had earlier presented Eareckson with a Navy Cross to complement the Distinguished Service Cross , Silver Star and other combat decorations he had earned in the Aleutians . He served as the Support Aircraft Commander , Fifth Amphibious Force , South Pacific where he took part in the planning for the Hollandia - Atape landings and served as Support Aircraft Commander aboard the amphibious command ship at the Makin and Tarawa landings . Although widely respected for his bravery and leadership skills , Eareckson was viewed by some of his Army Air Forces superiors as caustic , outspoken , and difficult to control . These liabilities prevented him from being considered for promotion . When he retired as a colonel in 1954 , he had held that rank for 13 years . Namesake . Eareckson Air Station , a military airbase located on the island of Shemya in the Alaskan Aleutian Islands , is named after Eareckson .
303d Fighter Wing The 303d Fighter Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the XXIX Tactical Air Command . It was inactivated on 20 November 1945 . History . Established and organized at Norfolk Army Airfield , Virginia in 1943 as a command and control organization . Deployed to the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) in late 1943 and assigned to IX Fighter Command , Ninth Air Force . Initial Mission of the Wing was to receive operational orders from Headquarters , IX Fighter Command and direct subordinate groups in attacking enemy targets in Occupied France and the Low Countries in preparation for the Normandy Invasion in June 1944 . Operational missions included strafing and dive - bombing armored vehicles , trains , bridges , buildings , factories , troop concentrations , gun emplacements , airfields , and other targets in preparation for the invasion of Normandy . Also flew some escort missions with Eighth Air Force Boeing B - 17 Flying Fortress and Consolidated B - 24 Liberator strategic bombers . Participated in the June 1944 D - Day invasion of France in by patrolling the air over the landing zones and by flying close - support and interdiction missions . Operations supported the breakthrough at Saint - Lô in July and the thrust of The United States Third Army toward Germany in August and September . Reassigned to XIX Tactical Air Command in November 1944 and continued supporting Third Army with Air - Ground support missions , moving through Nancy and Metz to the Siegfried Line near Saarbrücken and Haguenau . Reassigned to support the United States Ninth Army in Belgium as a result of the German offensive during the Battle of the Bulge , December 1945 . Attacked enemy targets in the Northern Rheinland during the Rhineland Campaign and Operation Grenade , which was the southern prong of a pincer attack coordinated with Canadian First Army ' s Operation Veritable , with the purpose of closing the front up to the Rhine River . By 10 March , the Rhine had been reached in all sectors of Ninth Army ' s front . It was not until after 20 March that Ninth Army units first crossed the Rhine itself . Attacked ground targets in the Ruhr , providing air support as Allied ground forces encircled enemy forces in the Ruhr Pocket , essentially ending organized enemy resistance in Western Germany . Ninth Army halted its advance at the Elbe River in late April 1945 , the wing engaging targets of opportunity in enemy controlled - areas until combat was ended on 5 May 1945 . Remained in Europe after the war as part of United States Air Forces in Europe , performing occupation duty and the destruction or shipment to the United States of captured enemy combat equipment . Demobilized in Germany and organization was inactivated on 20 November 1945 .
Operation Narcissus During World War II , Operation Narcissus was a raid by forty members of the Special Air Service on a lighthouse on the southeast coast of Sicily . The team landed on 10 July 1943 with the mission of capturing the lighthouse and the surrounding high ground . Despite intelligence reports , the area was deserted , and so the position was no threat to the nearby Husky landings . The troopers withdrew without a shot being fired .
1943 BRUSA Agreement The 1943 BRUSA Agreement was an agreement between the British and US governments to facilitate co - operation between the US War Department and the British Government Code and Cypher School ( GC & CS ) . It followed the Holden Agreement of October 1942 . Colonel Alfred McCormack of the Special Branch of Military Intelligence Service , Colonel Telford Taylor of Military Intelligence , and Lieutenant Colonel William Friedman came to Bletchley Park , the Government Code and Cypher School Headquarters in England in April 1943 . The British decided to inform them of their successes with Ultra . The American trio worked with Commander Edward Travis ( RN ) , the head of the British COMINT facility . This led to the signing of the 1943 BRUSA Agreement on 17 May , which was a formal agreement to share intelligence information . It covered : The security regulations , procedures and protocols for co - operation formed the basis for all SIGINT activities of both the US National Security Agency and the British GCHQ . This was formalized in the UK - USA Security Agreement .
Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros y López de Montenegro ( July 11 , 1896 , Vitoria - February 9 , 1966 , Bucarest ) was a Spanish General of the Spanish Air Force . An aristocrat , in 1932 he married with Constancia de la Mora , great - niece of the conservative politician Miguel Maura . He was a major of the Spanish Air Force and before the war he was close to Spanish Socialist politician Indalecio Prieto . In September 1936 he was appointed by Prieto commander of the Spanish Republican Air Force ( FARE ) , after the reorganization of the Air Force . He joined the PCE because the efficacy of the communist in the defense of Madrid . In March 1937 he led the FARE in the Battle of Guadalajara . in December 1938 he went to Moscow in order to negotiate a shipment of weapons for the Spanish Republican Army in Catalonia . In February 1939 , Segismundo Casado asked him to join the plot against Negrin , but he rejected . On March 6 he left Spain with Juan Negrin . After that , he went to Romania and died there in 1966 .
Víctor Ivo Acuña Velázquez Víctor Ivo Acuña Velázquez ( 1966 – 2007 ) was a Cuban Communist and Lieutenant Colonel in the Revolutionary Armed Forces . In 1983 Acuña Velázquez enrolled in the General Carlos Rolof Military Academy , from which he graduated as a communications engineer . In his military career , he occupied various posts linked to the specialty of communications , and he rose successively in rank until attaining that of lieutenant colonel . Acuña Velázquez was murdered in 2007 when he tried to stop two hijackers of an airplane at José Martí International Airport . He was then awarded the " Antonio Maceo Medal of Valor " posthumously by Raúl Castro .
Foster Wikner Wicko The Foster Wikner Wicko was a 1930s British two - seat cabin monoplane built by the Foster Wikner Aircraft Company Limited at Southampton Airport , Hampshire . History . Geoffrey Wikner was an Australian aircraft designer who moved to England in May 1934 and with his partners formed the Foster Wikner Aircraft Company Limited to build a low - cost two - seat high - wing monoplane . Low cost was helped by fitting a standard Ford V8 vehicle engine instead of an specialist aero - engine . The V . 8 was fitted with a Pobjoy reduction gear and was known as the Wicko F power unit . The prototype aircraft was built at the J . F . Lusty ' s furniture factory at Bromley - by - Bow . The completed aircraft , designated the Wicko F . W . 1 was taken by road to Stapleford Aerodrome , Essex and first flew in September 1936 . Due to the weight of the engine , the aircraft needed a long takeoff run and had a poor rate of climb . The prototype was rebuilt as the Wicko F . W . 2 with a more powerful but much lighter - 227 lb ( 103 kg ) - aircooled Cirrus Minor I engine . This resulted in a useful reduction in overall weight but the price increased from £425 to £650 . The second and subsequent aircraft were built at Southampton Airport after the company moved in 1937 . The second machine was initially powered by a Cirrus Major motor and designated F . W . 3 , but later re - engined with a de Havilland Gipsy Major . The eight machines subsequently completed used this engine as reflected by the name Wicko G . M . 1 . At the start of the Second World War production ceased and one airframe remained unfinished . One aircraft exported to New Zealand was impressed into wartime service with the Royal New Zealand Air Force , crashing in 1942 . Seven aircraft in the United Kingdom were impressed and another accepted directly into wartime service with the Royal Air Force , under the service name Warferry . One aircraft first registered as G - AFJB in 1938 is still operational with a permit to fly ( as of 2008 ) . It is one of only two RAF machines to survive the war and has also recovered from a post - landing fall from a cliff .