naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
George Biddlecombe Sir George Biddlecombe ( 5 November 1807 – 22 July 1878 ) was an English naval officer and author . Life . Biddlecombe , born at Portsea , was the son of Thomas Biddlecombe of Sheerness Dockyard , who died on 12 September 1844 . He was educated at a school kept by Dr . Neave at Portsea , and joined the ship " Ocean of Whitby " as a midshipman in 1823 . After some years , he left the mercantile marine , and , passing as a second master in the royal navy in May 1828 , was soon after employed in surveying in the Ætna and the Blonde until 1833 . He was in active service on various ships until 1854 , being specially noted for the great skill which he displayed in conducting naval surveys in many parts of the world . While in the Actæon , in 1836 , he surveyed a group of islands discovered by her in the Pacific . When attached to the Talbot , 1838 – 42 , he surveyed numerous anchorages on the Ionian station , in the Archipelago , and up the Dardanelles and Bosphorus ; examined the south shore of the Black Sea as far as Trabzon , as well as the port of Varna , and prepared a survey , published by the admiralty , of the bays and banks of Akko . He also displayed much skill and perseverance in surveying the Sherki shoals , where he discovered many unknown patches . A plan which he proposed for a ‘ hauling - up slip ’ was approved of by the authorities , and money was voted for its construction . For his survey of Port Royal and Kingston he received the thanks of the common council of Kingston , and on 20 August 1843 , on the occurrence of a destructive fire in that town , the services rendered by Biddlecombe at imminent risk to himself obtained for him a letter of acknowledgment from the merchants and other inhabitants . Few officers saw more active service . As master of the Baltic fleet , 14 March 1854 , he reconnoitered the southern parts of Åland , Hanko Bay , Baro Sund , and the anchorage of Suomenlinna , preparatory to taking the fleet to those places . He conducted the allied fleets to Kronstadt , and taking charge in Led Sund of the Prince steamer , with upwards of 2 , 000 French troops on board , he carried that ship to Bomarsund , and was afterwards present at the fall of that fortress . He was employed as assistant master attendant at Keyham Yard , Devonport , 1855 – 64 , and from the latter date to January 1868 as master attendant of Woolwich Dockyard . He was made a C . B . 13 March 1867 , but the highest rank he obtained in the navy was that of staff captain , 1 July 1867 . He was knighted by the queen at Windsor Castle on 26 June 1873 , and received a Greenwich Hospital pension soon afterwards . He died at Lewisham . Family . He married twice , first , in 1842 to Emma Louisa ( d . 13 August 1865 ) , third daughter of Thomas Kent , and secondly , in 1866 , to Emma Sarah ( d . 6 May 1878 , age 49 ) , daughter of William Middleton . Works . Sir George Biddlecombe published the following works : This list does not include the accounts of the surveys made by him in various parts of the world , and which were published by order of the admiralty .
Schlachtgeschwader 77 Schlachtgeschwader 77 ( SG 77 ) was a Luftwaffe close air support - wing of World War II . History . Schlachtgeschwader 77 was formed on 18 October 1943 in Wassilkow from Stab / Sturzkampfgeschwader 77 . With the exception of II . Group which was redesignated as III . Group , Schlachtgeschwader 10 , the remaining groups were renamed to Schlachtgeschwader 77 . On 3 March 1945 , " 9 . Staffel " equipped its FW 190F - 8s with Panzerblitz 80 mm anti - tank rockets . Adapted from the R4M rocket , these were carried under the outboard wings . On 17 April 1945 Stab and III . / SG 77 were based at Kamenz , north - east of Dresden . A formation of P - 51s of the 55th Fighter Group spotted SG 77 ' s aircraft preparing to take - off . 116 - kill ' ace ' Oberleutnant August Lambert and two other pilots were taking off when the American fighters appeared . The FW 190s jettisoned their bombs and tried to escape but all three were shot down , Lambert being killed in his FW 190 F - 8 ' Black 9 + ' north of Hoyerswerda . Seven other FW 190s were destroyed or badly damaged on the ground at Kamenz by the P - 51s . See also . Organization of the Luftwaffe during World War II
Edward Welsh Edward Welsh ( January 3 , 1843 – February 1 , 1929 ) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22 , 1863 . His surname is sometimes spelled Welch . Union assault . On May 22 , 1863 , General Ulysses S . Grant ordered an assault on the Confederate heights at Vicksburg , Mississippi . The plan called for a storming party of volunteers to build a bridge across a moat and plant scaling ladders against the enemy embankment in advance of the main attack . The volunteers knew the odds were against survival and the mission was called , in nineteenth century vernacular , a " forlorn hope " . Only single men were accepted as volunteers and even then , twice as many men as needed came forward and were turned away . The assault began in the early morning following a naval bombardment . The Union soldiers came under enemy fire immediately and were pinned down in the ditch they were to cross . Despite repeated attacks by the main Union body , the men of the forlorn hope were unable to retreat until nightfall . Of the 150 men in the storming party , nearly half were killed . Seventy - nine of the survivors were awarded the Medal of Honor . Welsh was married to Katharine Burke Welsh . He died in Washington , D . C . , on February 1 , 1929 . He was interred at Mount Olivet Cemetery in Washington , D . C .
HMS Calder ( K349 ) HMS " Calder " was a " Buckley " class Captain class frigate during World War II . Named after Admiral Sir Robert Calder , Bt . KCB , who was appointed Captain of the Fleet to Admiral John Jervis in 1796 , and saw action at the battle of Cape St Vincent on 14 February 1797 . The Commanding Officers of HMS " Calder " were Lt Cdr A D White RNR March 1943 and Lt Cdr E Playne RNVR February 1945 . Actions . HMS " Calder " served exclusively with the 4th Escort Group earning battle honours for service in the North Atlantic . On 26 January 1945 the submarine U - 1051 was sunk in the Irish Sea south of the Isle of Man , at position by the frigates , , HMS " Calder " and . U - 1051 was forced to the surface by the use of depth charges , then a gun battle ensued with U - 1051 finally sinking after it had been rammed by HMS " Aylmer " . This action resulted in the loss of all hands ( 47 ) from the crew of U - 1051 . It entirely clear that the ramming of U - 1051 by HMS " Aylmer " was intentional and that Cdr B . W . Taylor was not removed from command of HMS " Aylmer " shortly after this incident . For further information please look at the article . On 8 April 1945 the submarine U - 774 was sunk in the North Atlantic south - west of Ireland , at position by the frigates HMS " Bentinck " and HMS " Calder " . U - 774 was attacked by the use of depth charges after its periscope was spotted by a lookout on HMS " Calder " . This action resulted in loss of all hands ( 44 ) aboard U - 774 .
Soviet submarine S - 117 S - 117 ( formerly Shch - 117 ) was a Soviet Shchuka class submarine ( V - bis series ) that was lost on or about 15 December 1952 , due to unknown causes in the Strait of Tartary in the Sea of Japan . The boat may have collided with a surface ship or struck a mine . All 47 crew died in the incident .
29th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 29th Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 29th Iowa Infantry was organized at Council Bluffs , Iowa and mustered in for three years of Federal service on December 1 , 1862 . The regiment was mustered out on August 10 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . A total of 1485 men served in the 29th Iowa at one time or another during its existence . It suffered 1 officer and 42 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 1 officer and 266 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 310 fatalities .
Ulysses G . Buzzard Ulysses G . Buzzard ( January 31 , 1865 – August 2 , 1939 ) was an American soldier that served in the United States Army during the Spanish – American War and whose actions during that conflict led to him receiving the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Buzzard was born January 31 , 1865 in Armstrong County , Pennsylvania and after entering the army he was sent to fight with Company C , 17th U . S . Infantry in the Spanish – American War . He died at age 74 and was buried at San Nicolas Cemetery in Cebu City , the Philippines . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , Company C , 17th U . S . Infantry . Place and date : At El Caney , Cuba , 1 July 1898 . Entered service at : _ _ _ _ _ _ . Birth : Armstrong , Pa . Date of issue : 24 June 1899 . Citation : Gallantly assisted in the rescue of the wounded from in front of the lines and under heavy fire from the enemy .
8 - Pass Charlie 8 - Pass Charlie was the codename of an unknown Pakistan Air Force B - 57 bomber ace who raided the Adampur airbase of the Indian Air Force in Indian Punjab a number of times during the Indo - Pakistani War of 1965 notably starting the series of raids on the base by a solo raid . He was named " 8 - Pass Charlie " by his impressed Indian adversaries at the Adampur base as he used to make eight passes , one for each bomb , on selected targets with improving efficiency instead of safely dropping all his bomb load and exiting . He is also known to have expertise in disguising his attack run by confusing anti - aircraft gunners by cutting throttle s before entering a dive . B - 57 raids . During the war , the bomber wing of the PAF was attacking the concentration of airfields in north India . In order to avoid enemy fighter - bombers , the B - 57s operated from several different airbases , taking off and returning to different bases to hop and avoid being attacked . The B - 57 bombers would arrive over their targets in a stream at intervals of about 15 minutes , which led to achieving a major disruption of the overall IAF effort . Named by adversaries . The name was assigned to this unknown pilot by his impressed Indian adversaries at the Adampur base , and appears to be derived from his daring routine of making eight passes in bombing runs during every air raid over the alerted airbase to bomb selected targets with each 500 lb bomb in the moonlight , " and tried to carry out an effective attack each time " , instead of dropping his entire bomb - load of 4 , 000 lbs during the first pass which would have allowed a safer exit for the aggressor aircraft over initial defences . Kills . One of the known kills of 8 - Pass Charlie is one of the Indian Air Force MiG 21 s on Operational Readiness Platform ( ORP ) which were about to take off when he the executed the first raid on the Adampur base at 2200 hours with his lone B - 57 on 6 September , 1965 . Technique . In addition to his routine of making eight passes over Adampur , the unknown pilot also seemed to have had a second routine of conducting his raids thirty minutes after moonrise . Paddy Earle , an IAF fighter pilot , paid tribute to the unknown ace by saying :
St . Olav ' s Medal The St . Olav ' s Medal and the St . Olav ' s Medal With Oak Branch were instituted by King Haakon VII of Norway on 17 March 1939 . They are awarded in recognition of " outstanding services rendered in connection with the spreading of information about Norway abroad and for strengthening the bonds between expatriate Norwegians and their home country " . The medals are in silver , surmounted by the Royal Crown . On the obverse is the portrait of the reigning King with his name and motto . On the reverse , St . Olav ' s cross . Above the medal is the monogram of the reigning King . It is worn on the left side of the breast with the ribbon of the Order of St . Olav . The medal ranks 9th in the order of precedence of Norwegian medals . When awarded for services rendered in wartime , the medal carries an oak branch and ranks 6th in the order of precedence of Norwegian medals .
Henschel Hs 122 The Henschel Hs 122 was a German army cooperation / reconnaissance aircraft of the mid - 1930s , radial - engined and with a parasol wing . Though only pre - production variants entered service , the Hs 122 led on to the Hs 126 which was produced in large numbers . Development . The Hs 122 was the Henschel company ' s second aircraft , its first , the Hs 121 not being intended for production . It was designed in response to a Reich Air Ministry call for a multi - role army co - operation aircraft to replace the ageing Heinkel He 46 . The design emerged as a single - engine two - seat parasol wing machine with a fixed undercarriage . The wing centre section was carried above the fuselage on a series of short struts and the swept outer sections were braced to the lower fuselage with V struts . The wings were built around two metal spars and had metal - covered leading edges and upper surfaces with fabric elsewhere . The fuselage was an elliptical metal monocoque , with a metal - structured tail also metal covered apart from fabric control surfaces . The tailplane was mounted about halfway up the fin , supported by a parallel pair of struts . The spatted mainwheels were each mounted on V struts to the fuselage . The cockpits were open , with the pilot sitting below a cut - out in the wing trailing edge and the second crew member in a separate cockpit aft . The first prototype , registered " D - UBYN " was powered , like several other German aircraft of the time including the Messerschmitt Bf 109 by a Rolls - Royce Kestrel V - 12 - cylinder water - cooled engine , but the next prototype ( " D - UBAV " ) had a 460 kW ( 610 hp ) Siemens Sh 22B 9 - cylinder supercharged radial . There were at least three prototypes , followed by a small number of pre - production Siemens - powered Hs 122B - 0 aircraft which entered service in 1936 . These were followed on the Henschel production lines at Schönefeld by the more powerful Hs 126 .
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus ( consul 112 BC ) Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus was the son of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus , consul in 148 BC . He was consul in 112 BC , with Marcus Livius Drusus . In 107 BC , he served as legate to the consul , Lucius Cassius Longinus , who was sent into Gaul to oppose the Cimbri and their allies , and he fell together with the consul in the battle , in which the Roman army was utterly defeated by the Tigurini in the territory of the Allobroges . This Piso was the grandfather of Caesar ' s father - in - law , a circumstance to which Caesar himself alludes in recording his own victory over the Tigurini at a later time .
Angus Ramsay Major - General Angus Iain Ramsay CBE , DSO ( born 1946 ) is a former senior British Army officer . Military career . Ramsay was commissioned into the Royal Highland Fusiliers in 1964 . He commanded a rifle company of the Sultan of Oman ' s Armed Forces during the Dhofar Rebellion and became commanding officer of the Ulster Defence Regiment in 1990 during the Troubles . He went on to become Chief of Staff at the Sovereign Base Areas in Cyprus in 1992 , chief of Staff of the United Nations Force in Bosnia in 1993 and Commander of the Multi - National Division ( South - West ) in Bosnia in 1997 before becoming Administrator of the Sovereign Base Areas and Commander of the British Forces in Cyprus in 1998 . He retired in 2000 . Family . In 1987 he married Victoria Clare Lanyon ; they have two sons .
Ski warfare Ski warfare , the use of ski - equipped troops in war , is first recorded by the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus in the 13th century . The speed and distance that ski troops are able to cover is comparable to that of light cavalry . History . Napoleonic Wars . Denmark - Norway ( though only Norwegian ) ski troops were used against Sweden during the 1807 – 1814 Napoleonic Wars . World War I . During WWI the Italian Army raised 88 Alpini Battalions . Their purpose was to fight summer and winter in the highest regions of the Alpine Arch . Most of the battalions were dissolved after WWI . Only nine Alpini regiments remain in service today , and only four still train every soldier in ski warfare : the 4th Alpini Parachutist Regiment , 5th Alpini Regiment , 6th Alpini Regiment and 7th Alpini Regiment . World War II . Ski troops played a key role in the successes of the Finnish war effort against the Soviet Union during the Winter War in 1939 . Forested , rural terrain with no roads was used by Finnish ski troops with great success against the advancing mechanized Soviet troops . Most notably , in Battle of Suomussalmi , two Soviet mechanized divisions ( 45 , 000 men ) were annihilated by three Finnish regiments ( 11 , 000 men ) . Perhaps learning from the Finns , the Soviet Union deployed several ski battalion s during World War II , notably in their 1941 counterattack in the Battle of Moscow . The most common transportation for Norwegian soldiers during the Norwegian Campaign in 1940 was skis and sled s , and in " Operation Gunnerside " , paradropped Norwegian commando s covered a large distance using skis in order to reach and destroy a heavy water plant " Vemork " at Rjukan in Telemark , Norway , which was being used by the Germans as part of their nuclear research programme . Ski warfare even extended to the Middle East where the Australian Ski Corps were deployed against Vichy French forces in the mountains of Lebanon . Photo . Also during WWII , the United States Army 10th Mountain Division was established and trained for ski combat . They were deployed in Italy . Today ' s situation . Swedish , Finnish and Norwegian defense forces use skis normally in cross country skiing but also by pulling squads of soldiers with tracked transport vehicles or snow mobiles . One or two ropes hang from the end of a tracked vehicle such as the famous Swedish Hägglunds Bandvagn 206 or the Finnish Sisu Nasu and troops hang on to the ropes with their hands and ski - poles . Other information . The Norwegian military have held skiing competitions since the 1670s . The sport of Biathlon was developed from military skiing patrols . The United States ski patrol plays a vital role in the plot to the book A Separate Peace . Many nations train troops in skiing and winter warfare , including :
Steyr M - 1 The Steyr M - 1 is a series of pistols created by the Steyr - AG in 1999 . Description . The Steyr M series pistols were first announced in 1999 . Steyr M pistols , along with compact version , Steyr S , which were made in Austria by the Steyr - Mannlicher GmbH & Co , are not made any more . Since the January 1st , 2004 , the Steyr M and Steyr S pistols have been replaced in production by the slightly redesigned Steyr M - 1A pistols . Steyr M1 - A pistols feature redesigned grip and frame shape , and Picatinny rail ( instead of the proprietary rail ) under the barrel . Another change from original M series pistols is that M - 1A pistols are now available in two variants , with or without manual safety . There are probably some more minor differences . The Steyr M and M - 1A pistols have probably the most ergonomic grip since the Luger ' s " Parabellum " pistol . The ideal 111 degrees grip angle , combined with low barrel axis , results in minimum muzzle jump and felt recoil , as well as in good " pointability " . The unusual " trapezoid " sights , while uncommon in shape , provide good accuracy and acquisition speed , once shooter gets used to it . Reliability is also very good . The Steyr M - 1A pistols are short recoil operated , locked breech firearms . The barrel is operated by Browning cam system . Barrel locks into slide via large ejection window . The frame is made from high impact - resistant polymer , with integral Picatinny rail under the barrel . The slide stop lever and magazine release button are located on the left side of the frame . The Double Action trigger controls the internal striker . The unusual safety system consists of several separate safeties , including the automatic trigger and firing pin safeties , as well as unusual manual safety and internal lock . When the lock is engaged , it completely blocks the operation of pistol . The safety is controlled with dual buttons , which are located just above the trigger guard on both sides of the frame . When buttons are depressed simultaneously , the safety button springs down from the frame , and the trigger is blocked . To turn the safety off for fire , a shooter must push the safety button up with its index finger . There also is a version of the M - 1A pistol which doesn ' t have a manual safety . The standard sights feature a trapezoid rear sight and a triangle front . Both sights are dovetailed into the slide and can be replaced with variety of the factory or aftermarket sights in various configurations .
Battle of Uji ( 1221 ) The third battle at the Uji River was the primary battle of the Jōkyū War in Japan . Bakufu forces led by Imperial regent Hōjō Yoshitoki sought to enter Kyoto and overthrow Emperor Go - Toba , using Uji and Seta as their gateways . The Emperor ' s forces , alongside warrior monks from Mount Hiei , attempted to make a final stand at the bridge into Kyoto , defending it from the Shogun ' s armies . The bakufu forces attacked the entire river line from Uji to Seta , and the Imperial forces stood firm for many hours . However , eventually they broke through and scattered the remaining defenders , and opening the way into the city for the rest of their rebel forces . As had happened twice before ( see Battle of Uji ) , the bridge over the Uji - gawa proved to be a tactically crucial entryway into Kyoto , and highly defensible ; but , as before , it was ultimately not defensible enough and the attackers crossed the river and killed their enemies .
Philip H . Morgan Philip Hicky Morgan ( November 9 , 1825 – August 12 , 1900 ) was an attorney , jurist , and diplomat from Louisiana who remained loyal to the Union during the American Civil War . He was branded a " traitor " in his home state . Morgan was born in Baton Rouge to Thomas Gibbes Morgan and the former Eliza Ann McKennan . He was educated locally and then at the University of Paris in France from 1841 - 1846 . He was fluent in modern languages , including French and Spanish . He was a first lieutenant in the U . S . - Mexican War . He joined his father ' s law practice in Baton Rouge in 1848 . In 1853 , he relocated his practice to New Orleans and continued there until the 1870s . On May 22 , 1852 , he married the former Beatrice Leslie Ford , daughter of Judge James Ford of Baton Rouge . The couple had nine children , but only five survived past childhood . Morgan was a judge of the Second District Court of Louisiana from 1853 - 1857 . U . S . President Andrew Johnson nominated him as the U . S . attorney in New Orleans in 1866 , in part because of Morgan ' s refusal to side with the Confederate States of America , but the United States Senate did not approve the nomination . The appointment was made again by Johnson ' s successor , President Ulysses S . Grant , in 1869 , the Senate concurred , and Morgan served as U . S . attorney during Grant ' s first term . Under temporary Republican Party rule in Louisiana from 1873 to 1876 , Morgan was a justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court . In 1876 , he became judge of the International Tribunal in Alexandria , Egypt , an appointment that bridged the Grant and Rutherford B . Hayes administrations . President Hayes named him envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Mexico , a position that he held from January 26 , 1880 , to June 6 , 1885 . That position transversed the administrations of Hayes , James A . Garfield , and Chester A . Arthur , but quickly ended when the Democrat Grover Cleveland became president . After the assignment to Mexico , Morgan practiced law in New York City from 1885 - 1900 . He died in New York City and is interred in Allegheny Cemetery in Pittsburgh .