naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
RFA Sir Tristram ( L3505 ) RFA " Sir Tristram " ( L3505 ) is a Landing Ship Logistics of the Round Table class . She was launched in 1966 , and accepted into British Army service in 1967 . As with others of her class , she was transferred to the Royal Fleet Auxiliary in 1970 . The ship saw service in the Falklands War of 1982 , and was badly damaged at Fitzroy on 8 June . Early service . In January 1972 RFA Sir Tristram was part of an Anti - invasion task force for British Honduras , together with Sir Bedivere and Sir Geraint . In 1977 RFA Sir Tristram was used as a guest ship for the Queens Silver Jubilee Fleet Review at Spithead in the Solent . Falklands War . In April 1982 RFA Sir Tristram was diverted from Belize to the Falkland Islands to take part in Operation Corporate , the British effort to retake the Falkland Islands . On the 8th of June while transporting men and equipment to Fitzroy Cove alongside the , " Sir Tristram " was attacked by A - 4 Skyhawk s from Argentine Air Force ' s V Brigada Aérea ( " FAA " ) , each loaded with three 500 lb retarding tail bombs . At approximately 14 : 00 local time the decks were strafed and two crew were killed . A 500 lb bomb penetrated the deck , but failed to explode immediately , allowing the remaining crew to be evacuated . Following the later explosion , " Sir Tristram " was abandoned . Immediately following the end of the conflict , " Sir Tristram " was used as accommodation by members of 97 Fd Bty ( Lawson ' s Company ) Royal Artillery , initially in Fitzroy , and again later after she was towed round and moored in Port Stanley . After the war the hulk was re - floated and towed to Stanley , where she was used as an accommodation ship until 1984 . " Sir Tristram " was then returned to the United Kingdom on a heavy lift ship and extensively rebuilt . Rebuilt . Following the rebuild , " Sir Tristram " re - entered active service in 1985 , and saw service in the Gulf War , and the Balkan conflicts of the 1990s . The ship supported relief operations for Hurricane Mitch off Central America . In 2000 the ship was deployed to Sierra Leone in support of British operations there , followed by a cruise to the Baltic Sea in support of MCMV s . Early 2001 saw " Sir Tristram " return to Sierra Leone to take over from " Sir Percivale " as the ship supporting British forces ashore there . In 2003 the ship was deployed as part of the largest British fleet for 20 years in support of the invasion of Iraq . The ship was decommissioned on 17 December 2005 but continues to be used for training purposes by the Special Boat Service and other elements of UK Special Forces Group . Roll of Honour . The two crewmen killed in the air attack at Bluff Cove .
Battle of Shijōnawate The 1348 Battle of Shijōnawate ( 四條畷の戦い ) was a battle of the Nanboku - chō period of Japanese history , and took place in Yoshinoko , Japan . It was fought between the armies of the Northern and Southern Emperors of Japan . The Southern army , led by Kusunoki Masatsura was attacked at Yoshino , the temporary palace of the Imperial residence . Feeling too weak to defend the residence , Masatsura marched out with his whole force to meet his assailants . Kitabatake Chikafusa , meanwhile , led his force towards Izumi , diverting some of the attackers away from the palace . Kusunoki engaged the enemy commander Kō no Moroyasu in single combat , and , it is said , was about to take Kō ' s head when he was struck by an arrow ; Kusunoki then committed " seppuku " . The battle ended in a Northern Court victory , but the Southern Court fled Yoshino , leaving little for their enemies to capture .
Scouting Fleet The Scouting Fleet was part of the United States Fleet in the United States Navy , and renamed the Scouting Force in 1930 . Established in 1922 , the fleet consisted mainly of older battleship s and initially operated in the Atlantic . Returning from European waters on 21 October 1922 , became the flagship of BatDiv 6 , Scouting Fleet , and operated with the Scouting Fleet over the next 3½ years . In 1931 , it was redesignated as the " Scouting Force . " At this time , it consisted of the remaining cruisers and destroyers that were not with the Battle Force and a " Training Squadron " of three old battleships and eight destroyers . This force operated exclusively in the Atlantic and Caribbean Sea . In 1932 , the force was moved to the Pacific . In 1940 it survived the division of the Fleet into the U . S . Pacific Fleet and the Atlantic Fleet , and served in the early part of World War II as an umbrella command for task forces .
Samuel Reeves Keesler Samuel Reeves Keesler , Jr . ( April 11 , 1896 - October 9 , 1918 ) was a member of the United States Army Air Service in World War I posthumously awarded the Citation Star for gallantry . Biography . Early life . Keesler was born in Greenwood , Mississippi on April 11 , 1896 . He was an outstanding student leader and athlete in high school and at Davidson College in North Carolina . Military career . Keesler entered the U . S . Army on May 13 , 1917 . He was commissioned in the Signal Officers Reserve Corps on August 15 , and he received training as an aerial observer at Post Field , Oklahoma , before sailing for France in March 1918 . After additional training in aerial gunnery and artillery fire control , Second Lieutenant Keesler was posted to the 24th Aero Squadron in the Verdun sector of the Western Front on August 26 , 1918 . While performing a reconnaissance mission in the late afternoon of October 8 , 1918 , Keesler and his pilot , 1LT Harold W . Riley , were attacked by four enemy fighters . Keesler returned fire and shot down the leader , but Riley lost control of their badly damaged plane . Keesler continued to fend off the attackers with machine gun fire even as it fell . He was wounded six times in the chest and abdomen before the plane crash - landed . Lieutenant Keesler received an additional wound when the enemy fighters strafed them on the ground . Captured by German ground troops , the two airmen were unable to receive immediate medical attention , and Keesler died the following day . On January 16 , 1919 , Lt . Riley recommended him for a decoration , citing his continued resistance all the way to the ground , despite his wounds . For his gallantry , Lieutenant Keesler was posthumously awarded the Silver Star on June 3 , 1919 . Keesler Air Force Base in Biloxi , Mississippi was named in his honor . Silver Star citation . " By direction of the President , under the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 9 , 1918 ( Bul . No . 43 , W . D . , 1918 ) , Second Lieutenant ( Air Service ) Samuel Reeves Keesler , United States Army Air Service , is cited ( Posthumously ) for gallantry in action and a silver star may be placed upon the ribbon of the Victory Medals awarded him . Second Lieutenant Keesler distinguished himself by gallantry in action while serving as an Aerial Observer with the 24th Aero Squadron , American Expeditionary Forces , in action near Verdun , France , 8 October 1918 , in bringing down one of an enemy formation of four planes . "
Bombing of Naples in World War II Naples was the most bombed Italian city in World War II . There were about 200 air strikes between 1940 to 1944 by Allied forces , with 180 raids on the city in 1943 . Estimates of civilian casualties vary between 20 , 000 to 25 , 000 killed . In Naples , the primary targets were the port facilities at the extreme eastern end of the Port of Naples as well as the rail , industrial and petroleum facilities in the eastern part of the city and the steel mill to the west , in Bagnoli . The largest raid was on August 4 , 1943 by 400 B - 17 planes of the Northwest African Strategic Air Force ( NASAF ) which targeted Axis submarine base at Naples . The Church of Santa Chiara was destroyed in this raid but was later rebuilt . The Santa Maria di Loreto hospital was also destroyed in the bombing of Naples . Harbour . Many ships at the harbour were sunk , yet it became functional in just one week after the city ' s liberation .
129th Ohio Infantry The 129th Ohio Volunteer Infantry ( or 129th OVI ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 129th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Taylor near Cleveland , Ohio and mustered in August 10 , 1863 for six months service under the command of Colonel Howard D . John . The regiment was attached to DeCourcy ' s Brigade , Willcox ' s Left Wing Forces , Department of the Ohio , to October 1863 . 3rd Brigade , 2nd Division , IX Corps , Army of the Ohio , to January 1864 . District of the Clinch , Department of the Ohio , to March 1864 . The 129th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at Cleveland , Ohio on March 11 , 1864 . Detailed service . Moved to Camp Nelson , Ky . , August 10 . Expedition under DeCourcy to Cumberland Gap , Tenn . , August 20 - September 8 , 1863 . Capture of Cumberland Gap September 9 . Duty at Cumberland Gap picketing and foraging until December 1 . March toward Clinch River December 1 – 2 . Patrol duty along Clinch River until December 29 . Moved to Tazewell , then to Cumberland Gap , and duty there until January 11 , 1864 . Ordered to Camp Nelson , Ky . Skirmish at Barbourville , Ky . , February 8 . Ordered to Cleveland , Ohio , March 1864 . Casualties . The regiment lost 25 enlisted men during service , all due to disease .
Dassault Étendard IV The Dassault Étendard IV is a supersonic carrier - borne " strike " fighter aircraft designed for service with the French Navy . It was in service from 1962 to 1991 . Design and development . The Étendard ' s history begins with two different design requirements in the early 1950s for light fighters , one for the French Air Force and the other for NATO air forces . Dassault used the same basic design for both these specifications , the Étendard II and Étendard VI respectively , neither of which saw orders . Simultaneously , the company developed a larger and more powerful variant ( originally designated Mystère XXIV ) as a private venture . Interest from the Navy led to Dassault building a prototype navalized version , first demonstrated to the service in 1958 and which resulted in an order for 69 Étendard IVM fighters and 21 Étendard IVP reconnaissance versions . From 1962 , these were being deployed aboard the new French " Clemenceau " class aircraft carrier s , starting with the Clemenceau and Foch . The Étendard IVs performance was never spectacular but it was supersonic and could reach Mach 1 . 3 at and Mach 0 . 97 at low altitude . By the 1970s it was clear that a replacement would be required soon . The Jaguar M , a navalized SEPECAT Jaguar was intended to be the replacement , but as political problems with the joint Anglo - French effort delayed development , Dassault offered the improved Super Étendard . The last of the Étendard IVMs were withdrawn in 1991 , although a handful of IVPs remained operational as of 2004 . Squadrons
Battle of Wolf Mountain The Battle of Wolf Mountain , also known the Battle of the Wolf Mountains , Miles ' s Battle on the Tongue River , and the Battle of the Butte , occurred January 8 , 1877 in the Montana Territory between the United States Army and a force of Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne during the Great Sioux War of 1876 . The Northern Cheyenne called it the Battle of Belly Butte . It was fought about four miles southwest of modern - day Birney , along the Tongue River . In 2001 , the Wolf Mountains Battlefield was listed on the National Register of Historic Places . It was raised to the status of National Historic Landmark in 2008 . Background . Following the defeat of George Armstrong Custer in the 1876 Battle of Little Bighorn , by autumn , only a few bands of the warring Sioux and Cheyenne tribes had begun filtering back into their reservations and agencies to acquire food and annuity goods in preparation for winter . The United States Congress had angered many Indians by demanding that they cede the Black Hills to the government in exchange for these promised goods . The army had replaced civilian contractors in charge of the agencies , further convincing many war bands to stay away from them . General Nelson Miles led a mixed force of infantry , artillery and cavalry after Sitting Bull ' s band , and had effectively defeated them by December . Ranald S . Mackenzie had similarly defeated Dull Knife ' s Cheyennes , who trekked through snow and icy conditions to join up with the camp of Crazy Horse in the Tongue River Valley . Concerned with the approaching winter and the destitute condition of Dull Knife ' s band , Crazy Horse decided to negotiate peace with the army . However , when a group of United States Army Crow scouts murdered Crazy Horse ' s delegation , the war chief demanded revenge . He led a series of small raids in an effort to draw out Miles from his post . Battle . Miles marched out to the foothills of the Wolf Mountains , then set up a defensive perimeter on a ridge line . At 7 : 00 a . m . , on January 8 , Crazy Horse and Two Moons began a series of attacks on the U . S . soldiers . Frustrated by army firepower , they regrouped several times and tried again . Attempts to flank Miles ' line also proved to be futile when Miles shifted his reserves to fill critical positions . Finally , Miles ordered an advance , which secured a vital ridge as artillery shells rained among the Indian positions . Crazy Horse withdrew as weather conditions deteriorated . Aftermath . Although a draw in many aspects , in effect the battle was a strategic victory for the U . S . Army , as it demonstrated that the Indians were not safe from the army even in winter and harsh conditions . Many individuals began slipping away and returning to their reservations . By May , Crazy Horse had led his surviving band into Camp Robinson to surrender . Order of battle . United States Army ( Col . Nelson A . Miles in command ) Lakota and Cheyenne ( Crazy Horse and Two Moons )
American Army of Two The American ( sometimes Lighthouse ) Army of Two is the name commonly given to Rebecca and Abigail Bates , daughters of Scituate , Massachusetts lighthouse keeper Simeon Bates . In September , 1814 , Bates was away from the Old Scituate Light station with most of his family when the British landed a warship , the " LaHogue " , near the harbor with the intent of sending a raiding party into the town . Soon the ship launched two long boats filled with soldiers . Rebecca and Abigail , left alone with their mother at the station , realized that there was no time to warn citizens of the impending attack . Seizing a fife and drum that had been left behind at the station , they began to play . The soldiers , assuming that the sound signaled the approach of the town militia , retreated hastily . The sisters lived to be quite old , and Rebecca took to selling affidavit s for ten cents apiece in later years , always swearing the story to be true .
230th Sustainment Brigade ( United States ) The 230th Sustainment Brigade ( " Volunteers " ) is a sustainment brigade of the Tennessee Army National Guard . The Brigade formed in 2005 , and gradually over three years assumed the responsibility of the disbanding long - time TN ARNG 196th Field Artillery Brigade based in Chattanooga , Tennessee . In July 2008 the 196th Field Artillery Brigade cased its colors , and it formally disbanded in September 2008 . The 1st Battalion , 181st Field Artillery , located at the Chattanooga Armory , was transferred from the 196th FA Brigade to the 230th Sustainment Brigade . The Brigade also includes the 176th Combat Sustainment Support Battalion based at Johnson City , which has participated in Joint Task Force East rotations in Romania and Bulgaria . The other subordinate battalion within the Brigade is the 30th Combat Sustainment Support Battalion . In 2011 HHC 230th Sustainment Brigade deployed to Kuwait where it assisted with the drawdown from Iraq .
War Agricultural Executive Committee The War Agricultural Executive Committees were government - backed organisations tasked with increasing agricultural production in each county of the United Kingdom , during both the First and Second World War s . They were established in Autumn 1915 by the 2nd Earl of Selborne in a collaboration between the Board of Agriculture and County Councils , with the aim of better managing the country ' s limited wartime agricultural resources . They were later re - formed in Autumn 1939 with the outbreak of the Second World War , and given more expansive powers over farmers and landowners in the United Kingdom . After performing surveys of rural land in their county , each Committee was given the power to serve orders to farmers " requiring work to be done , or , in cases of default , to take possession of the land " . Committees could decide , on a farmer ' s behalf , which crops should be planted in which fields , so as to best increase the production of foodstuffs in their areas . With the help of the War Agricultural Executive Commities , or " War Ags " , British farmers increased the total productive land in the UK by 1 . 7 million acres between 1939 and the Spring of 1940 .
Ditch ( fortification ) A ditch in military engineer ing is an obstacle , designed to slow down or break up an attacking force , while a trench is intended to provide cover to the defenders . In military fortifications the side of a ditch ( or gorge ) farthest from the enemy and closest to the next line of defence is known as the scarp while the side of a ditch closest to the enemy is known as the counterscarp . Uses . In medieval fortification , a ditch was often constructed in front of a defensive wall to hinder mining and escalade activities from an attacker . When filled with water , such a defensive ditch is called a moat . Later star fort s designed by military engineers like Vauban , comprised elaborate networks of ditches and parapet s , carefully calculated so that the soil for the raised earthworks was provided , as nearly as possible , entirely by the excavations whilst also maximising defensive firepower . Today ditches are obsolescent as an anti - personnel obstacle , but are still often used as anti - vehicle obstacles ( see also berm ) . A fence concealed in a ditch is called a ha - ha .
Aviv Kochavi Major General Aviv Kochavi ( born 1964 ) is an Israel Defense Forces officer . He was the commander of the Gaza Division during the unilateral disengagement , and until recently was the head of the Operations division in the Operations Directorate . In November 2010 Kochavi took over as the Military Intelligence Director .
909th Tactical Airlift Group The 909th Tactical Airlift Group is an inactive United States Air Force Reserve unit . It was last active with the 459th Tactical Airlift Wing , based at Andrews Air Force Base , Maryland . It was inactivated on 1 September 1975 . History . Following the mobilizations in 1961 and 1962 for the Berlin Crisis and the Cuban Missile Crisis , Continental Air Command ( ConAC ) realized that it was unwieldy to mobilize an entire wing unless absolutely necessary . Their original Table of Organization for each Wing was a wing headquarters , a troop carrier group , an Air Base Group , a maintenance and supply group , and a medical group . In 1957 , the troop carrier group and maintenance and supply groups were inactivated , with their squadrons reassigned directly to the wing headquarters - despite the fact that many wings had squadrons spread out over several bases due to the Detached Squadron Concept dispersing Reserve units over centers of population . To resolve this , in late 1962 and early 1963 , ConAC reorganized the structure of its reserve Troop Carrier Wings by establishing fully deployable Troop Carrier Groups and inserting them into the chain of command between the Wing and its squadrons at every base that held a ConAC troop carrier squadron . At each base , the group was composed of a material squadron , a troop carrier squadron , a tactical hospital or dispensary , and a combat support squadron . Each troop carrier wing consisted of 3 or 4 of these groups . By doing so , ConAC could facilitate the mobilization of either aircraft and aircrews alone , aircraft and minimum support personnel ( one troop carrier group ) , or the entire troop carrier wing . This also gave ConAC the flexibility to expand each Wing by attaching additional squadrons , if necessary from other Reserve wings to the deployable groups for deployments . As a result , the 909th Troop Carrier Group was established with a mission to organize , recruit and train Air Force Reserve personnel in the tactical airlift of airborne forces , their equipment and supplies and delivery of these forces and materials by airdrop , landing or cargo extraction systems . The group was equipped with C - 119 Flying Boxcar s for Tactical Air Command airlift operations . The 909th TCG was one of three C - 119 groups assigned to the 459th TCW in 1963 , the others being the 910th Troop Carrier Group at Youngstown Municipal Airport , Ohio , and the 911th Troop Carrier Group at Pittsburgh International Airport , Pennsylvania . Re - equipped 1966 with long - range C - 124 Globemaster II heavy airlifter , performed intercontinental strategic airlift for Military Air Transport Service . Converted to the C - 130 Hercules theater transport in 1971 as part of the phaseout of the Globemaster , Assigned Tail Code " QA " . The Group participated in air transport of airborne forces , equipment and supplies with delivery by airdrop , extraction , and airlanding , as well as air evacuation within a theater of operations . Inactivated in 1975 as part of the phasedown after the Vietnam War , Personnel and equipment reassigned directly to the 459th TAW at Andrews .
Sonder Lehrgang Oranienburg Sonderlehrgang z . b . V " Oranienburg " ( Special unit for special assignments " Oranienburg " ) was a special forces unit of Germany ' s Schutzstaffel . It was activated in early 1942 on the order of SS - Obergruppenführer Hans Jüttner as an obvious rival to the Wehrmacht ' s Brandenburg regiment . Originally based at Oranienburg in Brandenburg , the unit consisted of 100 experienced volunteers from the Waffen - SS under the command of SS - Hauptsturmführer van Vessem . Their first operational mission ( Operation Osprey ) was a proposed deployment to Ireland but this never transpired . In early 1943 , five members of the unit were parachuted into Iran to assist guerilla opposition to the Allied occupation . Early in the summer of 1943 , SS Sonderlehrgang Oranienburg moved to a purpose - built facility in nearby Friedenthal and was re - designated SS Sonderlehrgang zbV Friedenthal - the ‘ zbV ’ in the unit ’ s title stood for " " zur besonderen Verwendung " " , i . e . it indicated special duties . At this time , the unit consisted of one full company under the command of SS - Hauptsturmführer van Vessem , as well as part of another company and a transport element . Comprising a total of 300 men , all personnel were members of the Waffen - SS , which included fifty Dutchmen and Flemings , with a few ethnic Germans from Hungary . Shortly after this , the unit came under the command of Otto Skorzeny and was absorbed into SS - Sonderverband z . b . V . Friedenthal in June 1943 . In October / November the unit was renamed 502nd SS Jäger Battalion .