naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Krefeld The Battle of Krefeld ( sometimes referred to by its French name of Créfeld ) was a battle fought on 23 June 1758 between a Prussian - Hanoverian army and a French army during the Seven Years ' War . Background . The Hanoverian army led by Ferdinand , brother of the duke of Brunswick , had driven the French led by the Comte de Clermont back across the Rhine . Ferdinand ' s own army had crossed to the left bank of the Rhine and was now in a position to threaten the frontier of France itself . The Battle of Rheinberg fought on 12 June proved indecisive . Clermont , who had recently replaced the Duc de Richelieu in command of the French army , was attempting to stem Ferdinand ' s advance . He chose a defensive line on the south side of a walled canal running roughly east and west . Thus the walled canal constituted a sort of natural fortification that Clermont thought would be easy to defend . Battle . After feigning an attack against Clermont ' s own right flank , Ferdinand executed a wide flanking march , crossing the canal out of sight of the French and emerging from a wooded area on Clermont ' s left flank . Clermont , who had just sat down for a midday meal , was late in sending reinforcements and , as a result , his left flank was crushed . The Comte de Gisors , the popular , charismatic , only child of the French minister of war , the Duc de Belle - Isle , was mortally wounded while charging at the head of the French Carabinier s . The Comte de St . Germain , who commanded the French left wing , was nevertheless able to put together a sufficient defense to prevent a complete rout , and the French army retired from the field in relatively good order . Aftermath . The Erbprinz , son of the Duke of Brunswick who would later die of wounds received at the battle of Jena during the Napoleonic Wars , particularly distinguished himself commanding the allied flanking troops . Clermont asked to be relieved of his command after this defeat , and his wish was granted . He was succeeded in command by Marshal de Contades .
13th Psychological Operations Battalion The 13th Psychological Operations Battalion ( Enemy Prisoner of War ) ( originally , the 13th Psychological Warfare Battalion ) was a unit of the United States Army . It now functions as the 13th Psychological Operations Battalion in the United States Army Reserve . History . It was established on 4 October 1961 in the Regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Co , 13th Psychological Warfare Battalion was activated on 15 November 1961 at Fort Bragg , North Carolina . The 13th was redesignated on 20 December 1965 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company , 13th Psychological Operations Battalion . Army Radio Station WCSW - FM operated under its command . Most unit members rotated from Smoke Bomb Hill to Vietnam , Korea , Germany or elsewhere based on special MOS qualifications . Inactivated on 13 September 1972 at Fort Bragg . Withdrawn from the Regular Army , allotted to the United States Army Reserve and activated at Fort Snelling , Minnesota on 30 October 1975 . It was then relocated to Minneapolis , Minnesota on 1 January 1978 ; to Fort Snelling , Minnesota on 1 December 1979 and to Arden Hills , Minnesota on 16 January 1996 . Campaign Streamers . The 13th POB was awarded Campaign steamers for the defense of Saudi Arabia and for the liberation of Kuwait .
Force océanique stratégique The Force océanique stratégique ( FOST , Strategic Oceanic Force ) is the ballistic missile submarine force of the French Navy . It is one of the two components of the submarine forces of the French Navy and the sea - based component of the French nuclear deterrent . History . The FOST was created in the early 1960s , around the need for France to operate her own nuclear deterrence . The creation took 13 years , with the challenges of creating nuclear reactors small enough to be fitted in submarines , design of ballistic missile s , design of nuclear warheads , and eventually integration of all the components with the construction of the " Redoutable " in 1972 . Five other SNLE ( " Sous - marin nucléaire lanceur d ' engin " ) have been commissioned since . In 1996 , President Chirac decided the four - vessel size of the force . In the following years , this number was maintained by decommissioning the older SNLE s while the newer SNLE - NG s were commissioned . The strategic submarines are based at Île Longue , near Brest harbour . Until 2000 the command post of the force was based at Houilles , Yvelines , then was relocated to Brest . The command post may now be located in the Château de Brest near the city . Mission . The mission of the FOST is to have at least two SNLE at sea at any moment , capable of striking should the need arise . Chain of command . The organic chain of command deals with the preparation of the units for their missions , which depends on the " chef d ' état - major de la marine " ( CEMM , chief of staff of the Navy ) . The operational chain of command deal with the use and security of the forces . They are under the " chef d ' état major des armées " ( CEMA , chief of staff of the Armies , translated , Chief of the Defence Staff ( France ) ) . As such , ALFOST is responsible for the planning of the movements of the submarines , of their control while at sea , and of transmitting the necessary orders . Only the President of the Republic is authorised to launch nuclear weapons ; an officer of the French military is always to be present near him , carrying a briefcase with the necessary equipment to authorise a launch .
Pitsligo Castle Pitsligo Castle is a ruined castle half a mile east of Rosehearty , Aberdeenshire , Scotland . It was described by W . Douglas Simpson as one of the nine castles of the Knuckle , referring to the rocky headland of north - east Aberdeenshire . It originated as a 15th - century keep . There is an arched gateway in the west wall of the outer court , with the date 1656 and the arms of the Forbes and Erskines . In the inner court the date is shown as 1663 . At the north - east angle of the courtyard there is a tall flanking drum - tower . The main tower had three vaulted stories , but almost all above the lowest has disappeared . There is a stair tower at the north - east corner which is better preserved . There are panels dated 1577 over the courtyard doorway . It is listed by Historic Scotland as a Category A listed building .
Ciclone - class torpedo boat The " Ciclone " class were a group of torpedo boats or destroyer escorts built for the Italian Navy which fought in the Second World War . They were slightly enlarged versions of the previous Orsa class , they had improved stability and heavier anti - submarine armament . These ships were built as part of the Italian war mobilisation programme and completed in 1942 - 43 . Armament . All units were fitted with an asdic , and also torpedo launchers were present in the same quantity and placement for all units of the class ; about artillery , there were three different configurations : History . Units of this class were heavily operated in escort duties between Italy and Northern Africa , or in antisubmarine patrols . Some units were still incomplete when Italy signed armistice of Cassibile , and were damaged by Italians , or captured from Germans , completed and reclassified as " Torpedoboote Ausland " ( Foreign Torpedo - boat ) . " Aliseo " , with Carlo Fecia di Cossato in command , was protagonist of a famous action when , in 9 september 1943 , destroyed seven german ships near the port of Bastia , Corsica . " Aliseo " had cleared the port en route to Malta in order to follow Allied orders in Cassibile armistice about cease fire and ending of the hostilities between Allied Forces and Italy , followeb by her sister ship " Ardito " , but noticing her under German fire from coastal batteries , ships in port and some units under sail , she inverted her course and started to pepper the eleven German o German - controlled units . As a result , the two submarine chasers UJ 2203 ( ex french Minerva ) and UJ 2219 ( ex french Insuma ) , escorting armed barges F 366 , F 387 , F 459 , F 612 and F 623 , together with Luftwaffe sloop FL B . 412 , were disabled and foundered , while " Humanitas " and " Sassari " , two italian steamships fallen in German hands , were disabled . During action , " Aliseo " was supported by sloop " Cormorano " and some other coastal battery that have been recaptured by Italians and , under orders of Italian military commander of Bastia port , started to fire with her three 100 mm cannons at German ships at 07 : 06 ; in doing so , she was immobilized at 07 : 30 by an 88mm shot that temporarily disabled her motors but , having quickly repaired the damage , at 08 : 20 , destroyed " UJ 2203 " ; afterwards , after ten minutes of heavy fire , destroyed " UJ 2219 " , and further three armed barges , while other two where shored after having sustained heavy damage ; the Luftwaffe ship was scuttled with the help of " Cormorano " . For this action , her captain was given the highest italian military decoration , Gold Medal of Military Valor Five units survived the war , to be transferred to USSR , Greece and Yugoslavia as reparation for war damages . None was left in service with Marina Militare italiana " .
423rd Guards Yampolsky Motor Rifle Regiment The 423rd Guards Yampolsky Motor Rifle Regiment was a regiment of the Soviet Army and Russian Ground Forces from 1942 to 2009 . For most of the postwar period it formed part of the 4th Guards Kantemirovskaya Tank Division . History . The 31st Motorised Brigade was formed in June 1942 and included in structure of the 17th Tank Corps . On January , 2nd , 1943 the brigade has been renamed as the 3rd Guards Yampolsky Motor Rifle of Suvorov and Kutuzov ' s awards of II degree a regiment . Within three years of participation in the German - Soviet War , the brigade fought from the Don to Elba , from Voronezh to walls of Prague , putting the big damage to the opponent in inhabited force and the technician . For courage and heroism a rank of the Hero of Soviet Union have received - 19 persons , two military men twice . Since September , 11th , 1945 a place of a constant disposition of a regiment - Naro - Fominsk , Moscow Region . On May , 5th , 1957 the regiment is renamed in 423rd Guards Yampolsky Motor Rifle of Suvorov and Kutuzov ' s awards of II degree a regiment . The regiment has grown up 12 commanders of divisions , 2 deputy ministers of defence . Since September , 11th 1999 - on March , 28th , 2000 The regimental tactical group 423rd rgt . carried out of a problem on constitutional order prompting in territory to the Chechen republic . The Regiment participated in the assault of the city of Grozny , the battle for the village of Komsomolskoye . Loss of the regiment were 27 people . In 2000 , 2001 , 2002 the regiment admitted the best regiment in Moscow Military District . On June , 21st the part celebrates an annual holiday of formation of a regiment . The regiment was disbanded in April 2009 . Last Structure . As of 2007 , the Yampolsky Regiment consisted of the following units : Personnel and Equipment . The 423rd Guards Yampolsky Motor Rifle Regiment had approximately 1692 personnel in active service . Equipment Summary
Cosimo Rizzotto Sergente Cosimo Rizzotto was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Early life . Cosimo Rizzotto was born on 26 June 1893 , in Colognola ai Colli , Kingdom of Italy . World War I . Rizzotto joined the " Bataglione Aviatori " on 23 September 1913 as a private . He would not be selected for pilot ' s training until May 1915 . He learned to fly at " San Giusto " , and took advanced training on Maurice Farmans beginning 19 December 1915 . In January 1916 , Rizzotto was promoted to caporal . Within two months , he began flying a Nieuport as part of a detachment stationed at " Cascina Costa " . Rizzotto subsequently spent from 30 March through 30 May 1916 in Paris . In July 1916 , he was assigned to be a Nieuport pilot with 77a Squadriglia . Between 28 February 1917 and 15 June 1918 , he scored six aerial victories , including one shared with Alvaro Leonardi ; he also had an unconfirmed claim . His first victory earned him a Silver Medal for Military Valor ; his next four victories , from July through November 1917 , earned him another . Postwar . Rizzotto lived in both Argentina and Paraguay , making his living as a flying instructor . However , he eventually returned to Italy , dying in Milan on 18 February 1963 .
William Mordaunt Marsh Edwards Major William Mordaunt Marsh Edwards , VC , DL ( 7 May 1855 – 17 September 1912 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Edwards was the son and heir of Henry William Bartholomew , of Hardingham Hall , Norfolk . He was educated at Eton and Trinity College , Cambridge . He did not take a degree at Cambridge , but was gazetted in 1876 and joined 74th Highlanders in 1877 . Details . Edwards was 27 years old , and a lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion , The Highland Light Infantry , British Army during the British occupation of Egypt when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 13 September 1882 at Tel - el - Kebir , Egypt , Lieutenant Edwards led a party of the Highland Light Infantry to storm a redoubt . The lieutenant who was in advance of his party , rushed alone into the battery , killed the artillery officer in charge and was himself knocked down by a gunner with a rammer and was rescued only by the timely arrival of three men of his regiment . He later achieved the rank of major and was appointed a Deputy Lord Lieutenant for Norfolk in 1900 .
4th Bombardment Squadron The 4th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 34th Bombardment Group , stationed at Sioux Falls Army Air Field , South Dakota . It was inactivated on 28 August 1945 . History . Established in early 1941 as an Army Air Corps Northeast Air District bomber squadron ; equipped with B - 18 Bolo s and light observation aircraft . Performed coastal patrols over the Mid - Atlantic and New England states . Reassigned to the Pacific Northwest after the Pearl Harbor Attack , engaged in antisubmarine patrol duty over the Washington and Oregon coast until May 1942 . Reassigned to II Bomber Command , trained with early - model B - 17 Flying Fortress es and B - 24 Liberator s , becoming an Operational Training Unit ( OTU ) , stationed in the Pacific Northwest and Montana . Moved to Southern California in early 1943 , became a training unit at the Desert Training Center . Was equipped with production Flying Fortresses in 1944 , trained for overseas duty . Deployed to European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) , being assigned to VIII Bomber Command in England in April 1944 . Engaged in long - range strategic bombardment of enemy targets in Occupied Europe and Nazi Germany , attacking transportation , industrial , Oil Industry and other targets as directed . Also engaged in tactical bombardment of enemy forces in France in support of the Operation Overlord landings in Normandy , and the subsequent breakout at St - Lo in July 1944 . Attacked enemy formations and armor during the Battle of the Bulge , January 1945 . Continued bombardment of strategic targets until the German Capitulation in May . Largely demobilized in England during the summer of 1945 ; small cadre of personnel reassembled at Sioux Falls Army Air Field , South Dakota in August to prepare for B - 29 Superfortress training , however Japanese Capitulation led to inactivation of unit in late August .
Wauhatchie Confederate order of battle The following units and commanders fought at the Battle of Wauhatchie of the American Civil War on the Confederate side . The Union order of battle is listed separately . Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the battle , and the reports . Army of Tennessee . Longstreet ' s Corps . LTG James Longstreet
Air Force Real Property Agency The Air Force Real Property Agency ( AFRPA ) merged with the Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment and the Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency to form the Air Force Civil Engineer Center on Oct . 1 , 2012 . AFRPA acquired , disposed of and managed all Air Force - controlled real property worldwide . It was an agency within the office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Installations , Environment and Logistics . History . The Air Force Real Property Agency traced its roots to 15 November 1991 , through the creation of the Air Force Base Disposal Agency , a field - operating agency that reported to the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Manpower , Reserve Affairs , Installations and Environment . The agency was created as the single focus for base conversion matters and the execution of environmental programs and real property disposal for major Air Force bases in the United States being closed or realigned under the authorities of the Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1988 and the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1990 . In 1993 , the agency was renamed the Air Force Base Conversion Agency , a name that clearly identified its role in assisting BRAC communities through the process of closing and realigning bases from military to civilian reuse . AFBCA ensured that property at these Air Force installations was made available for reuse . The agency provided civilian reuse transition planning caretaker services to include installation protection , maintenance , and operations . Additionally the agency was responsible for environmental planning , compliance , and restoration and real property disposal . The Secretary of the Air Force consolidated the Air Force Base Conversion Agency with the Air Force Real Estate Division to form the Air Force Real Property Agency 16 October 2002 . The division managed real property acquisition and disposal for active Air Force installations worldwide . This transformation consolidated the Air Force ' s real property disposal and acquisition efforts for both active - duty and BRAC installations . The new agency reported to the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Installations , Environment and Logistics .
SM UC - 49 SM " UC - 49 " was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 20 November 1915 and was launched on 7 November 1916 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 2 December 1916 as SM " UC - 49 " . In 13 patrols " UC - 49 " was credited with sinking 24 ships , either by torpedo or by mines laid . " UC - 49 " was sunk by depth charge s from British destroyer off Start Point on 8 August 1918 .
Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg ( 1360 or 1370 – 15 December 1423 , Danzig ( Gdańsk ) ) was the 28th Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights , serving from 1414 to 1422 . Biography . Küchmeister was born in Silesia , as a son of Saxon nobility . He was the procurator of Rastenburg ( Rastembork ) ( 1396 – 1402 ) and the " Großschäffer " of Königsberg ( 1402 – 05 ) . After the Peace of Raciąż of 1404 he held the position of Vogt of Samogitia and from 1410 the Vogt of the Neumark ( Nowy Targ ) . After the Battle of Grunwald , he tried with his army of mercenaries and vassals to re - take the regions lost by the Teutonic Order . In September 1410 , Küchmeister lost the Battle of Koronowo and was captured by the Polish army , and was not released from prison until the summer of 1411 . The defeat prompted the signing of the Peace of Thorn ( 1411 ) . In the aftermath of the defeat at Grunwald , the Teutonic Order lost much of its military and economic importance . The way of thinking of the Old Prussians had changed as well . It is not surprising that when Grand Master Heinrich von Plauen was heading towards war with the Kingdom of Poland , on 29 September 1413 , his army ( consisting of Prussian nobility and villagers ) stationed near the village of Lautenburg ( Lidzbark Welski ) refused to fight the Poles , and he was relieved from his position as Grand Master by Küchmeister . On 7 January 1414 Küchmeister was chosen as the 28th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order . Although he preferred negotiations over war , he strengthened Marienburg Castle ( Malbork Castle ) with an extra wall on the north side . He resigned in March 1422 before the Gollub War began . Küchmeister died in Danzig ( Gdańsk ) , was buried in the mausoleum under the Chapel of St . Anna in Marienburg Castle .
Battle of Maxen The Battle of Maxen ( 20 November 1759 ) was a battle at Maxen , Saxony in present - day Germany during the Seven Years ' War . It resulted in surrender of Prussian corps . The Prussian corps of 14 , 000 men , commanded by Friedrich August von Finck ( one of Frederick the Great ' s general s ) , was sent to threaten lines of communication between the Austrian army at Dresden and Bohemia . Field Marshal Count Daun attacked and defeated isolated Finck ' s corps on 20 November 1759 with his army of 40 , 000 men . The next day ( 21 November ) Finck decided to surrender .
Battle of Calebee Creek The Battle of Calebee Creek ( also spelled " Calabee " , " Callabee " ) took place on January 27 , 1814 , during the Creek War , in Macon County , Alabama , fifty miles ( 80 km ) west of Fort Mitchell . General Floyd , with 1 , 200 Georgia volunteers , a company of cavalry and 400 friendly Yuchi , repulsed a night attack of the Red Sticks on his camp . Floyd lost so many in this hostile country that he immediately withdrew to the Chattahoochee River . Also referred to as the Battle for Camp Defiance .
Bantu Holomisa Bantubonke Harrington Holomisa ( born 25 July 1955 ) is a South African Member of Parliament and President of the United Democratic Movement . Holomisa was born in Mqanduli , Eastern Cape . He joined the Transkei Defence Force in 1976 and had become a Brigadier by 1985 . Holomisa forced the resignation and exile of Prime Minister of Transkei George Matanzima in October 1987 and overthrew Matanzima ' s successor , Prime Minister Stella Sigcau in December 1987 . Holomisa then became the Transkei ' s head of government from 1987 to 1994 , when Transkei was reintegrated into South Africa . National Politics . In 1994 Holomisa was elected to the African National Congress National Executive Committee , and was the Deputy Minister of Environment and Tourism of South Africa . After testifying at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission he was expelled from the ANC on 30 September 1996 . He co - founded the UDM in 1997 with Roelf Meyer , and was elected to parliament in 1999 .
Barnett Kenna Barnett Kenna ( 1827 – May 28 , 1890 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay . Born in 1827 in Canterbury , England , Kenna immigrated to the United States and was living in Newburyport , Massachusetts , when he joined the U . S . Navy . He served during the Civil War as a quartermaster on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 , he " fought his gun with skill and courage " despite heavy fire . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on December 31 , 1864 . Kenna ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Brooklyn " during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram " Tennessee " , in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Despite severe damage to his ship and the loss of several men on board as enemy fire raked her decks from stem to stern Kenna fought his gun with skill and courage throughout the furious action which resulted in the surrender of the rebel ram " Tennessee " and in the damaging and destruction of batteries at Fort Morgan . Kenna died on May 28 , 1890 , at age 62 or 63 and was buried at Cherry Hill Cemetery in Gloucester , Massachusetts .