naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Vietnamese border raids in Thailand After the 1978 Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and defeat of Democratic Kampuchea in 1979 , the Khmer Rouge fled to the border regions of Thailand , and with assistance from China Pol Pot ' s troops managed to regroup and reorganize in forested and mountainous zones on the Thai - Cambodian border . During the 1980s and early 1990s Khmer Rouge forces operated from inside refugee camps in Thailand , in an attempt to de - stabilize the pro - Hanoi People ' s Republic of Kampuchea ' s government , which Thailand refused to recognize . Thailand and Vietnam faced off across the Thai - Cambodian border with frequent Vietnamese incursions and shellings into Thai territory throughout the 1980s in pursuit of Cambodian guerrillas who kept attacking Vietnamese occupation forces . Causes . Thailand ' s suspicion of Vietnamese long - term objectives and fear of Vietnamese support for an internal Thai communist insurgency movement had led the Thai government to support United States objectives in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War . In 1979 , after Vietnam ' s military occupation of Cambodia had raised these same concerns again , Bangkok allied itself with the Khmer Rouge , an adversary of Vietnam and looked to Beijing for security assistance . In both instances , Thailand ' s actions hardened Hanoi ' s attitude toward Bangkok . As the ASEAN member most vulnerable to a hypothetical Vietnamese attack for having given shelter to the Khmer Rouge in camps within its territory , Thailand was foremost among the ASEAN partners opposing Vietnam ' s 1978 invasion of Cambodia . In 1973 a new civilian government in Thailand created a chance for some degree of reconciliation with North Vietnam , when it proposed to remove United States military forces from Thai soil and adopt a more neutralist stance . Hanoi responded by sending a delegation to Bangkok , but talks broke down before any progress in improving relations could be made . Discussions resumed in August 1976 , after Hanoi had defeated the South Vietnamese and united the country under its rule . They resulted in a call for an exchange of ambassadors and for an opening of negotiations on trade and economic cooperation , but a military coup in October 1976 ushered in a new Thai government that was less sympathetic to the Vietnamese communists . Contact was resumed briefly in May 1977 , when Vietnam , Thailand , and Laos held a conference to discuss resuming work on the Mekong Development Project , a major cooperative effort that had been halted by the Vietnam War . Beginning in December 1978 , however , the conflict in Cambodia dominated diplomatic exchanges , and seasonal Vietnamese military offensives that included incursions across the Thai border and numerous Thai casualties particularly strained the relationship .
198th Division ( People ' s Republic of China ) The 198th Division was a military formation of the People ' s Volunteer Army ( Chinese People ' s Volunteers ( CPV ) or Chinese Communist Forces ( CCF ) ) during the Korean War with a standard strength of approximately 10 , 000 men . It was a component of the 66th Army , consisting of the 592nd , 593rd , and 594th Regiments . Current . The current status of the unit is unknown .
Altrathen Castle Altrathen Castle ( ) is located on a rock outcrop near Rathen in Saxon Switzerland in the German Free State of Saxony . History . Unlike the neighbouring Neurathen Castle very little is known about the history of this fortification . It was probably built at the same time in the 11th century . The castle was first mentioned in the records in 1289 . In 1469 Altrathen and Neurathen castles were slighted . In 1888 the industrialist , Eduard Seifert , bought the ruins of the castle and rebuilt it in 1893 in a Neogothic style . Of the medieval castle only the cellars and parts of the spiral staircase of the keep have survived . Aftern 1945 the building acted as a works holiday home for the VEB Brau und Malz in Dresden and later for the East German state bank . In 1995 the site was sold by the " Treuhandanstalt " to a private owner . Since then the building has been used as a small hotel and restaurant .
German submarine U - 2321 German submarine " U - 2321 " was the first of the highly advanced Type XXIII U - boat s built for the Kriegsmarine in 1944 and 1945 . As the first of this class , " U - 2321 " was one of a handful of such boats to undertake an operational patrol , in March 1945 . She was successful in this operation , and sank a British freighter , one of just five ships sunk by the new fully submarine ( as opposed to just submersible ) boats . She was constructed as an experiment in Hamburg and her small size meant that she was completed in just four months , following which she conducted extensive trials in the Baltic Sea and off the Norwegian coast in an effort to gain an idea of the capabilities of the boat . In this duty , and through her entire life , " U - 2321 " was commanded by Kptlt . Hans - Heinrich Barschkis . By the first few months of 1945 , with the war drawing to a close , it was hoped new lessons could be learnt , and defeat potentially delayed by the insertion of some of these boats into the coastal waters of the United Kingdom . To this end , " U - 2321 " and a few of her sisters were dispatched to the Eastern coast of Scotland . War patrol . The boats were unsuccessful , largely because of the professional nature of veteran Allied naval commanders in their construction of convoys and their preparation of escorts . The North Sea proved largely barren , as most shipping was concentrated in the heavily defended English Channel , as so it was nearly a month after leaving Horten in Norway that " U - 2321 " scored her first and only victory , torpedoing the unescorted 1 , 400 ton steamship . Four days later , " U - 2321 " was back in port at Kristiansand , where she was still berthed when Germany surrendered on 9 May . Sailed to Loch Ryan in Scotland , " U - 2321 " was allowed to rust and rot , the decaying hull destroyed as a naval gunfire target on 27 November 1945 along with all the other surrendered Norwegian U - boats .
67th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 67th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 67th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Douglas at Chicago , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on June 13 , 1862 for a term of three months . It served as camp guard at Camp Douglas during its entire time in service . The regiment was mustered out on October 6 , 1862 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 12 enlisted men casualties , who died of disease , for a total of 12 fatalities .
Quis separabit ? Quis separabit ? ( Latin : Who will separate [ us ] ? ) is a motto of the Royal Dragoon Guards the Order of St . Patrick , The Royal Ulster Rifles , the Irish Guards and the North Irish Horse . It also appears on the Coat of arms of Northern Ireland . It is also used as the motto of the 4th / 7th Royal Dragoon Guards , a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1922 to 1992 . It was the motto of the Connaught Rangers , an Irish Regiment of the British Army from its amalgamation in 1881 until it was disbanded in 1922 . Prior to this , it was the motto of the precursor regiment of the Rangers , the 88th Regiment of Foot ( Connaught Rangers ) which was founded in 1793 . It is also the motto of the Ulster Defence Association , a proscribed loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland . The source is the Vulgate translation of Romans , 8 : 35 : " " Quis nos separabit a caritate Christi " . . . " , translated as " Who shall separate us from the love of Christ ? " . It appears on the Seal of South Carolina , for other reasons .
HMS Duncan ( F80 ) HMS " Duncan " was the fifth RN ship named after Admiral Adam Duncan . She was a of the Royal Navy that served in the Cod Wars . Service . From her first commissioning in 1958 until 1965 " Duncan " was the leader of the Fishery Protection Squadron . She was involved in the First Cod War between United Kingdom and Iceland over fishing rights , intervening between the Icelandic coastguard and British trawlers . She was an escort to HMY " Britannia " in August 1960 . In 1964 she fired the salute at the opening of the new Forth Road Bridge . She also visited Nantes in 1961 and Copenhagen in 1965 . She was given the Freedom of the city of Hull for the part she played in the Cod Wars . In 1966 she completed an extensive modernisation at Rosyth Naval Dockyard and in the following year attended Portsmouth Navy Days . In 1970 she was again present at Portsmouth Navy Days , by this time she was part of the Portland Training Squadron . During the early 1980s , HMS " Duncan " served alongside as harbour training ship at Rosyth Dockyard for the marine engineering artificer apprentices from the shore base HMS " Caledonia " .
Joseph Bradford Carr Joseph Bradford Carr ( August 16 , 1828 – February 24 , 1895 ) was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Early life . Carr was born in Albany , New York , the son of Irish immigrants , and worked as a tobacconist . While living in Troy , New York , he became interested in military affairs and by 1861 was a colonel in the New York militia . Civil War . At the start of the war , Carr was instrumental in the recruitment of the 2nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment and was appointed its colonel on May 14 , 1861 . Assigned to Fort Monroe , Virginia , the regiment took part in the engagement at Big Bethel . Carr served in the Army of the Potomac throughout the Peninsula Campaign and Seven Days Battles as well as the Northern Virginia Campaign . As a brigade commander in the III Corps , General Carr participated in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ( commanding a division during a part of the latter after the death of Hiram Berry ) . Carr was promoted to brigadier general on September 7 , 1862 , for gallantry at Malvern Hill , but this promotion was plagued by procedural difficulties . His first appointment was returned to the president on February 12 , 1863 . He was reappointed on March 30 , 1863 , but the United States Senate failed to confirm the commission in the session in which he was nominated and it expired on March 30 , 1864 . He was renominated on April 9 , 1864 , and confirmed on June 30 , 1864 , with a date of rank of March 30 , 1863 . He was distinguished for gallantry at Gettysburg , where he was wounded and his men stubbornly held their ground near the Peach Orchard . He commanded the 3rd Division of III Corps in the autumn campaigns of 1863 . Because of the difficulties with his brigadier general appointment , he was technically junior to his own subordinate brigade commanders and on May 2 , 1864 , Lt . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant reassigned Carr to the Army of the James under Maj . Gen . Benjamin Butler . Carr commanded a division of African - American soldiers in the XVIII Corps and briefly commanded the Defenses of Yorktown in the Department of Virginia and North Carolina . On March 13 , 1865 , Carr was appointed a brevet major general of volunteers , and he was mustered out of the volunteer service on August 24 . Postbellum career and death . After the close of the war , Carr became a manufacturer in Troy , New York , a Republican politician in New York State . He was Secretary of State of New York from 1880 to 1885 , elected in 1879 , 1881 , and 1883 . In 1885 , he ran on the Republican ticket for Lieutenant Governor of New York with Ira Davenport , but was defeated by Democrat Edward F . Jones . Carr died in Troy , New York , and is buried there in Oakwood Cemetery .
Battle of Jupiter Inlet The Battle of Jupiter Inlet was fought in Florida at Jupiter Inlet on January 15 , 1838 . A United States Navy led boat expedition to the Everglades was defeated by Seminole warrior s in a small battle . It began when the expedition of 200 soldiers , sailors and marines under Lieutenant Levin M . Powell discovered a trail along the side of Jupiter Inlet . Fifty - five sailors and twenty - five marines and soldiers were landed to find the Seminoles who were encamped nearby under the command of medicine man Ar - pi - uck - i . When the Americans advanced on the Seminole camp , they were ambushed and after a long fight , they retired to their ten or so flat bottom boats unsuccessful . Five Americans were killed in action and another twenty - two others were wounded , Seminole casualties are unknown .
German submarine U - 72 ( 1940 ) German submarine " U - 72 " was a Type VIIC submarine of the German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . " U - 71 " was launched on 22 November 1940 and commissioned on 4 January 1941 . " U - 72 " served with 24th U - boat Flotilla ( a training unit ) , and later with 21st U - boat Flotilla ( also a training unit ) , from 2 July 1941 to 30 March 1945 . " U - 72 " was used throughout World War II as a training boat until it was damaged in a daylight American bombing raid on 30 March 1945 . " U - 72 " was scuttled on 2 May 1945 .
TM - 35 mine The TM - 35 was a rectangular metal cased Soviet anti - tank mine used during the Second World War . The mine has a metal case , which is rectangular with a carrying handle on one side and a large raised pressure plate in the centre . Sufficient pressure on the central pressure plate presses down on one end of an internal see - saw like lever , which removes the retaining pin from an MUV fuze , releasing the striker , triggering the mine . The mines main charge consisted of 200 gram blocks of TNT packed into the metal case . The mine could be fitted with a number of improvised anti - handling devices untilizing the MUV pull fuze .
Georges Ladoux Georges Ladoux was an army captain and the head of French counter - espionage during World War I , described as " a plump , square - faced man given to smoking a pipe and slicking his dark hair back with shiny oils . " He transferred from counter - espionage to the Deuxième Bureau in February 1917 . He was responsible for recruiting Mata Hari as a French spy . Ladoux was later arrested for being a double agent himself . He was later cleared of all charges . References : http : / / www . trutv . com / library / crime / terrorists _ spies / spies / hari / 6 . html
Star Model Z84 The Star Z - 84 was a Spanish submachine gun originally manufactured by the now defunct Star Bonifacio Echeverria , S . A . . The Z - 84 was a sturdy well designed weapon that never saw high production due to politics . Originally manufactured for use by scuba divers , the Z - 84 could be used right out of the water without and need to drain the working parts or magazine . Star S . A . developed the weapon after a successful run of submachine guns based on the German MP - 40 design . Realizing they couldn ' t rebuild the same weapon over and over , they built the Z - 84 completely from scratch using modern designs and engineering . At the time of the Z - 84 ' s design , Star was building and importing large numbers of cheap handguns into the US . The 1994 Assault Weapons Ban ( now repealed ) , banned the importation of many of their designs . This proved disastrous for Star and by 1996 had driven them into bankruptcy . Less than 1000 Z - 84 were manufactured before the company went bankrupt but many were sold on a testing basis to various countries in South and Central America . Overview . The Z - 84 is a 9mm Luger , blowback operated , fully automatic , open bolt weapon . Few moving parts make it a simple weapon to operate and maintain . Made mostly of stamped and cast parts , little machining is needed to produce the weapon . It uses an " overhung " bolt meaning the bolt actually rides forward over the barrel for 3 " . This allows a shorter overall length while maintaining a long barrel for better accuracy . First pioneered in the Czechoslovakian Sa vz . 23 sub - machinegun , the overhung bolt had become a fixture in many of today ' s modern designed SMGs , being employed in firearms such as the Israeli UZI and Italian Beretta M12 . A sturdy folding stock helps the weapon gain accuracy when fired from the shoulder . The sights are protected by large steel ears and are adjustable . the rear sight is a flip - type aperture sight with 100 and 200 meter settings and the front is adjustable for windage and elevation .
Ii Naotaka Naotaka served in the Siege of Osaka in his brother Naokatsu ' s stead , where he would gain tremendous favor for his exploits at Tennoji . After the battle , he would be granted his brother ' s lands at Sawayama in Omi province . He would finish the construction of Hikone castle in 1622 , a project which had been started by his brother in 1603 . Both Naotaka and his father Naomasa are playable characters from the Eastern Army in the original " Kessen " .
Seven Days Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Seven Days Battles ( from June 25 to July 1 , 1862 ) of the American Civil War . Order of battle compiled from the army organization - return of casualties during the battle and the reports . The Confederate order of battle is listed separately . Army of the Potomac . MG George B . McClellan , Commanding II Corps . BG Edwin V . Sumner III Corps . BG Samuel P . Heintzelman IV Corps . BG Erasmus D . Keyes V Corps . BG Fitz J . Porter VI Corps . BG William B . Franklin Artillery Reserve . Col Henry J . Hunt
Adam Hepburn of Craggis Adam Hepburn was the son of Adam Hepburn , Master of Hailes and Helen Home , and brother of Patrick , the first " Earl of Bothwell " . He lived at Craigs , Kirkcudbrightshire , Scotland . He married Elizabeth Ogstoun , daughter of William Ogstoun . Attached to the royal household of James IV , he became Master of the Royal Stables on 30 March 1497 . He was killed in action at the Battle of Flodden on 9 September 1513 , as were his brother George and nephew Adam , the second Earl of Bothwell .
French submarine Argonaute ( S636 ) " Argonaute " ( S636 ) is an " Aréthuse " - class submarine , and the fourth ship of the French Navy to bear the name . Launched on 23 October 1958 , she served as flagship within the Toulon submarine squadron , and spent over 2 , 000 days at sea and over 32 , 000 hours underwater . She was decommissioned on 31 July 1982 . After extensive discussions beginning in 1982 , in 1989 the " Argonaute " was transferred from Toulon via Gibraltar to Le Havre , then through the seven locks of the Saint - Denis Canal . Once at the quay on the Canal de l ' Ourcq , she was lifted from the water by cranes and transported by trailer to her current site . The " Argonaute " opened to the public in 1991 , outside the " Cité des sciences et de l ' industrie " , 30 Avenue Corentin Cariou , in the XIXe arrondissement of Paris . The interior is open daily except Mondays and national holidays ; an admission fee is charged .
Cypselus Cypselus ( or Kypselos ) ( in Greek , ) was the first tyrant of Corinth in the 7th century BC . With increased wealth and more complicated trade relations and social structures , Greek city - states tended to overthrow their traditional hereditary priest - king s ; Corinth , the richest archaic " polis , " led the way . Like the " signori " of late medieval and Renaissance Italy , the tyrant s usually seized power at the head of some popular support . Often the tyrants upheld existing laws and customs and were highly conservative as to cult practices , thus maintaining stability with little risk to their own personal security . As in Renaissance Italy , a cult of personality naturally substituted for the divine right of the former legitimate royal house . After the last traditional king of Corinth , Telestes , was assassinated by Arieus and Perantas , there were no more kings ; instead " prytanes " taken from the former royal house of the Bacchiadae ruled for a single year each . Cypselus , the son of Eëtion and a disfigured woman named Labda , who was a member of the Bacchiad family , the ruling dynasty , usurped power , became tyrant and expelled the Bacchiadae . According to Herodotus the Bacchiadae heard two prophecies from the Delphic oracle that the son of Eëtion would overthrow their dynasty , and they planned to kill the baby once it was born ; however , Herodotus says that the newborn smiled at each of the men sent to kill it , and none of them could go through with the plan . An etiological myth - element , to account for the name Cypselus ( " cypsele " ( " κυψἐλη " ) " chest " ) accounted how Labda then hid the baby in a chest , and when the men had composed themselves and returned to kill it , they could not find it . ( Compare the infancy of Perseus . ) The cedar chest of Cypselus , richly worked with mythological narratives and adorned with ivory and gold , was a votive offering at Olympia , where Pausanias gave it a minute description in his 2nd century AD travel guide . When Cypselus had grown up , he fulfilled the prophecy . Corinth had been involved in wars with Argos and Corcyra , and the Corinthians were unhappy with their rulers . At the time , around 657 BC , Cypselus was polemarch , the archon in charge of the military , and he used his influence with the soldiery to expel the Bacchiadae . He also expelled his other enemies , but allowed them to set up colonies in northwestern Greece . He also increased trade with the colonies in Italy and Sicily . He ruled for thirty years and was succeeded as tyrant by his son Periander in 627 BC . The treasury Cypselus built at Delphi was apparently still standing in the time of Herodotus .
Anthony Bagnall Air Chief Marshal Sir Anthony John Crowther " Tony " Bagnall , GBE , KCB , FRAeS ( born 8 June 1945 ) is a retired senior Royal Air Force officer and former Vice - Chief of the Defence Staff . Flying career . Bagnall was commissioned into the Royal Air Force in 1967 . He became a weapons instructor on the Lightning aircraft later that year . Bagnall became Commanding Officer of No . 43 Squadron flying Phantom s and then No 23 Squadron in the Falkland Islands in 1983 before becoming Director of Air Staff Briefing and Co - ordination in 1985 and then Station Commander of RAF Leuchars in Fife in 1988 . Promoted to Air Commodore in 1990 , he was made Director of Air Force Staff Duties at the Ministry of Defence in 1991 . Promoted again , this time to Air Vice - Marshal , in 1992 he was appointed Assistant Chief of the Air Staff and then in 1994 went on to become Air Officer Commanding No 11 Group . This was followed by a tour starting in 1996 as Deputy Commander - in - Chief , Allied Forces Central Europe in the rank of Air Marshal . In 1998 he became Air Member for Personnel and Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief , Personnel and Training Command before being appointed Commander - in - Chief Strike Command in 2000 . He served as Vice - Chief of the Defence Staff from 2001 until his retirement in 2005 . In 2005 he became a member of the Court of the University of St Andrews . Family . He is married to Pamela ; they have three children .
The Windsor Regiment ( RCAC ) The Windsor Regiment ( RCAC ) is a Primary Reserve armoured regiment of the Canadian Forces . The regiment , which was founded in 1936 as The Essex Regiment ( Tank ) , is based in Windsor , Ontario . During World War II , the regiment was designated as the reconnaissance regiment for the 7th Canadian Infantry Division . In December 1942 the regiment was attached to the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division and moved overseas to Scotland in July 1943 ; later becoming Number 1 Canadian Armoured Corp Company , Canadian Equipment Assembly Unit . On April 6 , 1944 , the active unit was disbanded and the personnel became reinforcements for other regiments in the European Theater .