naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Elisha Boyd Elisha Boyd ( October 6 , 1769 - October 21 , 1841 ) was an American politician , Brigadier General , and early developer of Berkeley County , Virginia . Biography . Elisha Boyd was born on October 6 , 1769 , in Berkeley County , Virginia , a son of John Boyd and Sarah Griffith Boyd . His father was one of the early emigrants to the county . He entered Liberty Hall Academy , a predecessor of Washington and Lee University , in 1785 , and studied law in the office of Colonel Philip Pendleton . Elisha Boyd helped to establish Martinsburg Academy . He was married three times . His first wife was Mary Waggoner , a daughter of Major Andrew Waggoner , and they had one child . His second wife was Ann Holmes , daughter of Colonel Joseph Holmes and the sister of Governor Holmes of Virginia and Major Andrew Hunter Holmes . They four children . Their daughter Mary Boyd , married Charles J . Faulkner I ( 1806 – 1884 ) . He built “ Boydville ” in 1812 and it was bequeathed to Mary and Charles Faulkner upon his death . His third wife was Elizabeth Byrd of the Westover family ; she died November 16 , 1839 . Military service . He served in the War of 1812 with a commission of Colonel of the 4th Regiment of Virginia Militia and was engaged in the second defense of Norfolk and Portsmouth against a British attack of land and naval force . For his services in defense of Virginia , the General Assembly elected him a Brigadier General . Politics . In 1796 , he was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates . He served as attorney for the State by the County Court of Berkeley County and held that position for 40 years . He was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1830 , elected in 1832 to a seat in the Senate of Virginia , commissioned a magistrate of Berkeley County in 1838 , was an advocate of a reform of the “ Old Constitution ” of Virginia , and was elected chairman of the county meeting and a delegate to the State Reform Convention . Death . General Boyd died October 21 , 1841 , and was buried in the family plot at Norborne Cemetery , Martinsburg , West Virginia . Legacy . Five sites in Berkeley County , West Virginia , are associated with Elisha Boyd and listed on the National Register of Historic Places . They are : " Boydville " and Boydville Historic District ; Edgewood Manor ; and a number of buildings located in the Bunker Hill Historic District and Mill Creek Historic District .
Walter Jost Walter Jost ( 25 July 1896 – 24 April 1945 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Walter Jost was killed on 24 April 1945 in Villadose after he was hit in a strafing run by low - flying British fighters .
Jean de Gaillard de la Valdène Count Jean de Gaillard de la Valdène ( 2 September 1895 - 26 August 1977 ) was a French World War I pilot who shot down five German planes . In 1916 as a corporal he was noted for having shot down an Aviatik near Lure . He is to be distinguished from comte Léopold de Gaillard de la Valdène ( d . 1894 ) . He was married to Lilí Álvarez , the Spanish tennis player and feminist in 1934 , who held feminist salons at their house in Bollène . In 1939 , the couple lost their only child and soon after separated . Later he remarried to Diane Guest of the Guest family , a noted race - horse owner . In the early days of World War II as a lieutenant , he was sent by Admiral Émile Muselier to Algeria and Morocco to recruit aviators willing to continue the war with the Free French Forces .
Gaspard de Clermont - Tonnerre Gaspard de Clermont - Tonnerre ( 16 August 1688 at Dijon – 16 March 1781 , at the Hôtel Matignon , Paris ) , was a French noble , descendant of a family which traced its origins to the 12th century . His chief title was that of Marquis of Cruzy and Vauvillers , later 1st Duc de Clermont - Tonnerre , a new creation which elevated him to the Peerage of France . He was Constable , hereditary Grand - Master of Dauphiné and Marshal of France . He had a successful military career in the armies of Louis XV , notably at defeat of Cumberland ' s Anglo - Dutch - Hanoverian forces at Battle of Fontenoy in 1745 alongside Marshal de Saxe . Clermont - Tonnerre led the decisive cavalry charge which defeated the tenacious but ill - led allied forces . After the Battle of Lauffeld in 1747 he was named Marshal of France . In 1718 he had married Antoinette Potier de Rovion ( 1685 - 1754 ) . They had three children : He remarried in 1756 with Marguerite Pauline de Prondre . Between 1715 and 1723 the château of Vauvillers was built for him . It was his principal residence between campaigns . In later years he worked to improve the economy of his domain , opening a forge . A new church was built in Vauvillers in 1773 and remains largely unchanged today . He was made a Chevalier of the Order of Saint Louis in 1717 and admitted to the Order of the Holy Spirit in 1724 . At the coronation of Louis XVI in 1775 , by then aged 87 and the senior living Marshal of France , Clermont - Tonnerre , served as the sword - bearer . It was on this occasion that he was named Duc de Clermont - Tonnerre and elevated to the peerage .
103rd Regiment ( Calgary Rifles ) The 103rd Regiment ( Calgary Rifles ) was a regiment of the Canadian non - permanent militia , organized at Calgary , Alberta , Canada by General Order on 1 April 1910 . History . The 103rd Regiment was raised in Calgary as a militia unit . The first Commanding Officer was Lieutenant - Colonel W . C . G . Armstrong . The regiment ' s First Battalion consisted of eight companies stationed in Calgary . At the outbreak of World War I the regiment served as a recruiting depot to raise battalions for the Canadian Expeditionary Force ( CEF ) , the first being the 10th Battalion , CEF . The 103rd Regiment was disbanded in 1920 ; the regimental remnants were combined with disbanded CEF Battalions from the Calgary area , thus creating five separate battalions for the inter - war period .
Mikoyan MiG - 29K Fulcrum - D The Mikoyan Mig - 29K Fulcrum - D is a naval variant of the Mikoyan MiG - 29 Fulcrum made by mikoyan , it will operate alongside the Sukhoi Su - 33 Sea Flanker in the Admiral Kuznetnov Aircraft Carrier . The Mig - 29K will also operate in the Kiev Class Aircraft Carriers brought from Russia and under modernization to operate in the Indian Navy . Description . The naval version of the MiG - 29 was first studied in 1984 and was originally designed to operate on aircraft carriers that the Soviet Union had planned in the late 80 ' s . Russia finally opted for the more capable Su - 33 Sea Flanker to operate from its sole remaining aircraft carrier , while India is practically the only customer of the aircraft , and operates it on board the future aircraft carrier Kiev class purchased from 2nd hand to Russia and retired prior to delivery to the Indian Navy . The latest version of MiG - 29K is a derivative of the MiG - 29M Fulcrum - E with the latest radar and avionics . It will be very similar to the last known version of the MiG - 29 , the MiG - 29 Fulcrum F , also known as MiG - 35 . There is a version called two - seat MiG - 29KUB . Operation in Russia . The Russian Navy expects to buy MiG - 29K for a single aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov . The newspaper Bulletin Reports reported in 2009 that an informed source in the Defense Ministry of Russia noted that the contract may be concluded in 2011 . Information was confirmed by the general designer of one of the defense enterprises , which produces aggregates for these aircraft , while the Mikoyan corporation refrained from comment . According to a companion publication to the Ministry of Defense , the Navy has a fleet of 19 carrier - based fighters Su - 33 , a resource which will expire by 2015 . Production of new Su - 33 s is possible but not cost - effective for small volumes . At the same time , the MiG - 29K in this respect are more convenient , because the Indian Navy has already ordered the aircraft . Konstantin Makienko noted it cheapens the series and saves on development . India has paid $ 730 million for the development and delivery of 16 fighters , while 24 planes for Russia ' s fleet would cost about $ 1 billion . Operation in India . The Indian Navy ordered twenty units of India ' s MiG - 29K to operate from the future Vikramaditya Aircraft Carrier , which will operate 16 aircraft on board . However , problems with the weak American dollar have caused problems with the recovery program of the aircraft carrier , which is closely related to the acquisition of aircraft . However it is not predictable any cancellation , while the amount of aircraft to be acquired might be negotiated . Operators . India Eight air - to - air missiles — a mix of infrared homing , semi - active radar homing ( SARH ) and Active radar homing .
Philippine Congressional Medal The Philippine Congressional Medal was a decoration of the United States Army which was established by the United States Congress on July 9 , 1906 . The decoration recognized those soldiers who had enlisted in the United States Army for the purpose of the Philippine - American War . The four primary criteria , to be awarded the Philippine Congressional Medal , were as follows : The decoration was different from the Philippine Campaign Medal in that the Philippine Campaign Medal recognized general service in the Philippines while the Philippine Congressional Medal was intended for special services rendered . The Philippine Congressional Medal was considered an authorized military decoration , but soon became regarded as a commemorative medal since it recognized a single event and also was not eligible for presentation to the United States Navy and Marine Corps .
Alfred H . Colquitt Alfred Holt Colquitt ( April 20 , 1824March 26 , 1894 ) was a lawyer , preacher , soldier , 49th Governor of Georgia and two term U . S . Senator from Georgia where he died in office . He served as an officer in the Confederate army , reaching the rank of major general . Life and career . Colquitt was born in Monroe , Georgia . His father , Walter T . Colquitt was a United States Representative and Senator from Georgia . Alfred graduated from Princeton College in 1844 , studied law and passed his bar examination in 1846 . He began practicing law in Monroe . During the Mexican - American War , he served in the United States Army at the rank of major . After the war , Colquitt was elected as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1853 to 1855 . He then served in the Georgia state legislature . Colquitt was a delegate to " The Georgia Secession Convention of 1861 " — voting in favor of secession and signing Georgia ' s Ordinance of Secession on January 19 , 1861 . At the beginning of the Civil War , he was appointed captain in the 6th Georgia Infantry . He saw action in the Peninsula Campaign and the Seven Days ' Battles . He rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in 1862 . He led his brigade under Stonewall Jackson in the Battle of South Mountain , Battle of Antietam , the Battle of Fredericksburg , and the Battle of Chancellorsville . After Chancellorsville , some questions arose about Colquitt ' s performance during that battle and his brigade was transferred to North Carolina in exchange for another . His brigade was transferred again in the summer of 1863 to protect Charleston , South Carolina . In February 1864 , Colquitt marched his brigade south to help defend against the Union invasion of Florida , and was victorious in the Battle of Olustee . After this battle , Colquitt ' s brigade rejoined Robert E . Lee ' s Army of Northern Virginia . Late in the war , the brigade returned to defend North Carolina where Colquitt surrendered in 1865 . He defeated Republican candidate Jonathan Norcross for Governor of Georgia in 1876 . Around that time , several thousand friends asked for about thirty open government jobs . Those who did not get one of the jobs tried to turn voters against Colquitt . There also were rumors that Colquitt had been involved in illegal dealings with the Northeastern Railroad . A legislative committee found Colquitt innocent . He was then reelected in 1880 to serve two years under the new state constitution . Under his term , debt was reduced . He was opposed to Reconstruction . In 1883 , he was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate . He was re - elected in 1888 and served until his death in Washington , D . C . .
David Carcassonne David Carcassonne ( 20 December 1789 – 15 November 1861 in Nîmes ) was a French physician . He was born at Remoulins , a small town in the Gard department , the son of a purveyor to the army of Napoleon I . Having joined the Grande Armée as military surgeon at twenty - three years of age , he followed the emperor to Russia in 1812 , and was made a prisoner there . On his return to Nîmes , where his parents had settled , Carcassonne gave up his practise and became a carpet - manufacturer . He was a member of the Municipal Council of Nîmes , under King Louis - Philippe ( 1837 – 48 ) . Carcassonne was the author of a work entitled " Essai Historique sur la Médecine des Hébreux Anciens et Modernes " ( Montpellier - Nîmes , 1815 ) . His son Léon was also a French physician and municipal councilor .
HMS Orford ( 1749 ) HMS " Orford " was a 70 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built to the draught specified by the 1745 Establishment at Woolwich Dockyard , and launched in 1749 . " Orford " was placed on harbour service in 1777 , and in 1783 she was sunk to form part of a breakwater .
Caplock mechanism The caplock mechanism or percussion lock was the successor of the flintlock mechanism in firearm technology , and used a percussion cap struck by the hammer to set off the main charge , rather than using a piece of flint to strike a steel frizzen . The rudimentary percussion system was developed by Rev . Alexander John Forsyth as a solution to the problem that birds would startle when smoke puffed from the powder pan of his flintlock shotgun , giving them sufficient warning to escape the shot . His invention of a fulminate - primed firing mechanism deprived the birds of their early warning system , both by avoiding the initial puff of smoke from the flintlock powder pan , as well as shortening the interval between the trigger pull and the shot leaving the muzzle . Forsyth patented his ignition system in 1807 . However , it was not until after Forsyth ' s patents expired that the conventional percussion cap system was developed . The caplock offered many improvements over the flintlock . The caplock was easier to load , more resistant to weather , and was much more reliable than the flintlock . Many older flintlock weapons were later converted into caplocks so that they could take advantage of this increased reliability . The caplock mechanism consists of a hammer , similar to the hammer used in a flintlock , and a nipple ( sometimes referred to as a " cone " ) , which holds a small percussion cap . The nipple contains a tube which goes into the barrel . The percussion cap contains a chemical compound called mercuric fulminate or fulminate of mercury , whose chemical formula is Hg ( ONC ) } } . It is made from mercury , nitric acid and alcohol . When the trigger releases the hammer , it strikes the cap , causing the mercuric fulminate to explode . The flames from this explosion travel down the tube in the nipple and enter the barrel , where they ignite the main powder charge .
E . P . B . Liyanage Air Vice Marshal E . P . B . Liyanage , CEng , psc , MRAeS , FIE ( SL ) is a retired officer of the Sri Lanka Air Force , who was the former Director of General Engineering and Director of Inspection and Safety . He received his education from Nalanda College Colombo and joined the Sri Lanka Air Force in 1978 as an officer cadet , severing till his retirement in 2009 . Having competed the Engineering Council Examination , United Kingdom he gained a MSc in Defense and Strategic Studies from the University of Madras and a MBA from the University of Colombo . A Charted Engineer , he was made a ' fellow ' of the Institution of Engineers , Sri Lanka and is a member of the Royal Aeronautical Society . In 2006 he was promoted to the rank of Air Vice Marshal . After retirement he is currently working as the Deputy Director Airworthiness for the Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka .
Eugeniusz Stasiecki Eugeniusz Stasiecki codename : Piotr Pomian , Poleski , Piotr ( b . February 19 , 1913 in Radom - September 4 , 1944 in Warsaw , Poland ) was a Polish Scoutmaster ( harcmistrz ) , captain of the AK - Szare Szeregi . Stasiecki died in the Warsaw Uprising at the age of 31 .
Ram Sarup Singh Ram Sarup Singh VC ( 12 April 1912 – 25 October 1944 ) was an Indian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was 25 years old , and an Acting Subadar in the 2nd Battlion , 1st Punjab Regiment , in the British Indian Army when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 25 October 1944 at Kennedy Peak in the Tiddim area , Burma ( now Myanmar ) , two platoon s were ordered to attack a strong Japanese position . The platoon commanded by Subadar Singh attained its objective and although Singh was wounded in both legs he insisted on carrying on . Later , the enemy ' s counter - attack was halted by Subadar Singh ' s dashing counter - charge in which he killed four of the enemy himself . He was again wounded , but continued to lead his men , killing two more of the enemy , before he was mortally wounded .
Junior J . Spurrier Junior James Spurrier , born James I . Spurrier , Jr . , was a United States Army soldier who received America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . James I . Spurrier , Jr . was born on December 14 , 1922 , in Russell County , Virginia / Russell County , Virginia . In September 1940 , he enlisted in the Army . Spurrier filled his name in the wrong blanks , so he became " Junior J . Spurrier " to the Army . Near Lay St . Christopher , France , he earned the Distinguished Service Cross . He had spearheaded an assault on a stubbornly defended hill position . On a tank destroyer , he used a . 50 - caliber machine gun to kill over 12 Germans and captured 22 others . He climbed down to personally blow up bunkers with rifle fire and grenades . On November 13 , 1944 , while serving as a Staff Sergeant with Company G , 134th Infantry , 35th Infantry Division , Spurrier fought Germans in Achain , Moselle , France . Repeatedly , Spurrier wandered into the command post with prisoners , replenished his ammo , then slipped out the door . Junior J . Spurrier earned the Medal of Honor for nearly single - handedly capturing the village of Achain that day . He received the Medal of Honor on March 6 , 1945 from Lt . Gen . William Hood Simpson . Spurrier had a very turbulent life after the war . He had a severe problem with alcohol , was discharged from the Army in 1951 , and served two jail sentences . He is buried in Mountain Home National Cemetery , Johnson City , Tennessee . On Dec . 02 2011 , Spurriers Medal Of Honor was returned to his family after being located by Chief Craig Corkrean , in a safe belonging to his father . Medal of Honor citation . Staff Sergeant Spurrier ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy at Achain , France , on 13 November 1944 . At 2 p . m . , Company G attacked the village of Achain from the east . S / Sgt . Spurrier armed with a BAR passed around the village and advanced alone . Attacking from the west , he immediately killed 3 Germans . From this time until dark , S / Sgt . Spurrier , using at different times his BAR and Ml rifle , American and German rocket launchers , a German automatic pistol , and handgrenades , continued his solitary attack against the enemy regardless of all types of small - arms and automatic - weapons fire . As a result of his heroic actions he killed an officer and 24 enlisted men and captured 2 officers and 2 enlisted men . His valor has shed fresh honor on the U . S . Armed Forces .
183rd Battalion ( Manitoba Beavers ) , CEF The 183rd ( Manitoba Beavers ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Winnipeg , Manitoba , the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915 / 16 throughout the Province of Manitoba . After sailing to England in October 1916 , the battalion was broken up in November 1916 and its men transferred to the following units : 100th Battalion , CEF , 107th Battalion , CEF , 108th Battalion , CEF , and the 144th Battalion , CEF . The 183rd ( Manitoba Beavers ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . W . T . Edgecombe . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Battle of Benbigrie The Battle of Benbigrie took place on Isle of Islay around 1600 between the forces of Hector Og Maclean , 15th Chief and Sir James MacDonald , 9th of Dunnyveg . Background . At the Battle of Traigh Ghruinneart on the Isle of Islay in 1598 , Sir James MacDonald , 9th of Dunnyveg led forces against Sir Lachlan Mor MacLean , 14th Chief of Duart . James was wounded in battle but his forces killed MacLean . Hector Og Maclean , 15th Chief sought revenge for the death of his father and the hostile parties met at a place called Benbigrie , and as neither felt disposed to offer nor to accept terms , the result was an immediate battle . The followers of the chief of MacLean , upon this occasion , considerably outnumbered the MacDonalds ; but Sir James , well aware that he need hope for no reconciliation with his enraged kinsman , told his followers that in a resolute resistance alone existed any hope of safety to themselves or of protection to their homes . The MacDonalds , goaded to desperation by a knowledge of these facts , fought with uncontrollable fury , and it was not until the heights of Benbigrie were covered with their slain , and their chief carried off the field dangerously wounded , that their assailants succeeded in routing them . Defeated Macdonald then fled to Spain .