naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Columbia Falls Air Force Station Columbia Falls Air Force Station is a closed United States Air Force radar station in Washington County , Maine . Located northwest of Machias , Maine and north of Columbia Falls , it went operational in 1990 but was closed in 1997 and placed in " warm storage " with minimal maintenance . It was deactivated and placed in " cold storage " in 2002 . History . Development of Columbia Falls AFS can be traced to work undertaken by USAF Rome Air Development Center [ RADC ] engineers in the early 1970s who were developing an over the horizon backscatter radar ( OTH - B ) system . The system was based on a frequency modulation / continuous wave ( FM / CW ) radar capable of detecting and tracking objects at over - the - horizon ranges . In concept it involved bouncing radar signals off the ionosphere which allows radar to overcome the curvature of the earth . A small scale test receiver / transmitter was established in central western Maine at what would become Moscow AFS by the early 1980s . Initial testing was conducted from June 1980 to June 1981 . Successful testing resulted in the decision to develop operational OTH - B systems for the east and west coasts and in Alaska . The east coast OTH - B system was designed and built by GE Aerospace and consisted of an AN / FPS - 118 radar with the transmitter located at Moscow AFS and the receiver at the newly constructed Columbia Falls AFS . The transmitter and receiver stations were manned by personnel of the 776th Radar Squadron . Data processing took place at Maine Air National Guard ' s Bangor Air National Guard Base which was close to the geographic halfway point between the TX / RX facilities . The east coast OTH - B system was tested in the late 1980s and went operational when it was handed over to USAF in 1990 . It was the largest of the three OTH - B systems and was so powerful that it could even detect changes in ocean currents . Transmissions from the Moscow AFS site covered an arc from 16 . 5° to 76 . 5° and from to in range . The fall of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War saw the OTH - B systems rendered obsolete for detecting intruding military aircraft , however , the east coast OTH - B continued operations until 1997 and its data saw use by the United States Border Patrol for tracking aircraft used by drug smugglers , as well as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration which made use of the measurements of ocean currents and weather patterns . The facility was placed in " warm storage " in 1997 and in 2002 it was deactivated and placed in " cold storage " with equipment removed from the site .
Johnson ' s Regiment of Militia Johnson ' s Regiment of Militia also known as the 4th Essex County Militia Regiment was first called up for the Siege of Boston and Bunker Hill in 1775 . The regiment was called up a second time at Andover , Massachusetts on August 14 , 1777 as reinforcements for the Continental Army during the Saratoga campaign . The regiment marched quickly to join the gathering forces of General Horatio Gates as he faced British General John Burgoyne in northern New York . The regiment served in General Warners ' brigade and would capture six British cannon at the Battle of Bemis Heights . With the surrender of Burgoyne ' s Army on October 17 , the regiment was disbanded on November 30 , 1777 .
Air Officer Scotland Air Officer Scotland is the senior Royal Air Force Officer holding the command appointment of a Scottish air station . Presently , Air Officer Scotland is held by the Station Commander , RAF Leuchars who is currently Air Commodore G D A Parker . Air Officers Scotland . " List Incomplete "
David Whitehead David Adie Whitehead CBE , DSO & Bar , MC ( 30 September 1896 – 23 October 1992 ) was an Australian Army officer who fought in both World War I and World War II and rose to the rank of brigadier . Biography . David Whitehead enlisted in the Australian Army as a cadet lieutenant on 1 September 1913 . He received officer training at Royal Military College , Duntroon in Canberra and was commissioned as an officer on 4 April 1916 . Upon graduation Whitehead was seconded to the Australian Imperial Force ( AIF ) in France where he commanded the 23rd Machine Gun Company from April 1917 until he was made adjutant of the 3rd Machine Gun Battalion in July 1918 . He was awarded the Military Cross in September 1918 for leading a battery of eight machine guns under heavy fire during an attack in late August . Whitehead left the full - time Army after returning to Australia in 1919 , but continued to serve in the part - time Citizens Military Forces ( CMF ) . He held a number of regimental positions , and was promoted to lieutenant - colonel and command of the 1st Machine Gun Regiment in October 1937 . Following the outbreak of World War II David Whitehead enlisted in the Second Australian Imperial Force in March 1940 and was appointed the commander of the 2 / 2nd Machine Gun Battalion in May that year . He was given command of the 2 / 32nd Battalion in February 1942 and was promoted to brigadier in September and assumed command of the 26th Brigade . Whitehead led the brigade through the Second Battle of El Alamein during October and November in which it took part in heavy fighting . After El Alamein Whitehead and his brigade returned to Australia in early 1943 to participate in operations against the Japanese . The 26th Brigade took part in the Landing at Lae in September 1943 and the Huon Peninsula campaign from October 1943 to January 1944 . Following these campaigns the brigade returned to Australia , and did not see action again until 1945 . In May 1945 Whitehead commanded the Australian landing at Tarakan . During this operation the 26th Brigade was expanded to almost the size of a division , and United States Army and Netherlands East Indies units served under Whitehead ' s command . Whitehead relinquished command of the 26th Brigade on 10 December 1945 and returned to Australia two days later . Following the war Whitehead returned to citizen soldiering and was commander of the CMF 2nd Armoured Brigade from November 1947 . He also served as the aide de camp to the Governor General of Australia between January 1949 and May 1952 and commanded the CMF contingent which attended the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II between March and June 1953 . Whitehead retired from the Army in 1954 . After leaving the military Whitehead worked as a manager at Shell between 1945 and 1956 . From 1956 until his retirement in 1961 he was an arbitrator with the Conciliation and Arbitration Commission . David Whitehead died in 1992 .
2007 Zhani - Vedeno ambush In the 2007 Vedeno ambush at least four local Russia n troops were killed and 10 to 16 hospitalized when a convoy of vehicles carrying Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs soldiers and policemen was ambushed in the volatile Vedeno region of Chechnya . The attack was carried under the command of Amir Aslambek and was one of the deadliest in several months . According to the " Kommersant " article , the convoy of a dozen armored military truck s and armored personnel carrier s , carrying detachment of local police officers and servicemen from the " Akhmad Kadyrov " Patrol Police Regiment - 2 and the South ( " Yug " ) Battalion of Internal Troops ( both composed of " Kadyrovtsy " ) was reinforcing forces involved in the cleansing operation in the village of Dargo , a bastion of the resistance to Russian rule for 300 years . According to the separatist website Chechenpress , the fighting claimed lives of about 25 troops and one guerilla , including 10 - 15 killed in the convoy . The Russian sources also said a body of fighter was found in Dargo .
Norman F . Bates Norman Francis Bates ( November 6 , 1839 - October 16 , 1915 ) was an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War . Biography . Bates served in the American Civil War in the 4th Iowa Cavalry for the Union Army . He received the Medal of Honor on June 17 , 1865 for his actions at Columbus , Georgia . Medal of Honor citation . Citation : Capture of flag and bearer
USS Badger ( 1889 ) USS " Badger " was an auxiliary cruiser of the United States Navy , the first U . S . Navy ship named after the burrowing mammal . She was built in 1889 by John Roach & Sons , Chester , Pennsylvania , as merchant ship " Yumuri " , purchased for use in the Spanish - American War on 19 April 1898 and converted to an auxiliary cruiser at New York Navy Yard , then commissioned on 25 April 1898 , Commander A . S . Snow in command ; and joined the North Patrol Squadron . Service history . From 1 July to 18 August 1898 , " Badger " served on the blockade of Cuba . On 26 July 1898 , off the Dry Tortugas , she seized a Spanish tug with two vessels in tow , each with a quarantine flag hoisted . They were given medical assistance , provisioned , and kept in port until 3 August when a prize crew was put aboard the tug to sail her to New York . The other two vessels with 399 prisoners of war were sent to Havana . " Badger " left Guantanamo Bay on 18 August 1898 with a contingent of Army troops , landing them at Montauk Point , New York , 24 August . " Badger " remained on the east coast until 26 December 1898 when she sailed to the Pacific , arriving at San Francisco 15 April 1899 . From there she carried the Joint High Commission to Samoa ( 26 April - 13 May 1899 ) and then cruised in Samoan waters . Following her return to Mare Island Navy Yard on 14 August 1899 , she cruised along the Pacific coast until 6 October 1899 with the Oregon and California Naval Militia . Decommissioned on 31 October 1899 , " Badger " was transferred to the War Department on 7 April 1900 , where she was renamed " Lawton " and used as an army transport .
Bernard Diamond ( VC ) Bernard Diamond VC ( January 1827 – 25 January 1892 ) in Portglenone , County Antrim , Ireland was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was approximately 30 years old , and a sergeant in the Bengal Horse Artillery , Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 28 September 1857 at Bolandshahr , India for which he and Gunner Richard Fitzgerald was awarded the Victoria Cross : Further information . He died in Masterton , New Zealand on 26 January 1892 after emigrating . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the QEII Army Memorial Museum in Waiouru , New Zealand . References . Listed in order of publication year
Second conflict in the Goryeo – Khitan War The Second Goryeo - Khitan War was an 11th - century conflict between the kingdom of Goryeo and Khitan forces near what is now the border between China and North Korea . It was the second of the Goryeo - Khitan Wars , with the First Goryeo - Khitan War occurring in 993 , the second in 1010 , and the third in 1018 .
Drumburgh Castle Drumburgh Castle is a medieval pele tower in the village of Drumburgh , in Cumbria , England . History . A pele tower was originally built on this site , near the village of Burgh , by Robert le Brun in 1307 , on the site of a former tower that had been part of Hadrian ' s Wall . The construction used red sandstone masonry from the wall for its construction . Thomas Dacre rebuilt the castle in 1518 , producing what contemporaries described as " neither castle nor tower but a house of strength " . The house was altered again between 1678 to 1681 by John Alglionby , producing the current design . The property today has a distinctive first floor doorway and staircase - a later addition to the castle - decorated with the Dacre coat of arms , and has parts of a Roman shrine incorporated into its stonework .
Second Tarnovo Uprising The Second Tarnovo Uprising ( , " Vtoro tarnovsko vastanie " ) was a Bulgarian uprising against Ottoman rule based in the former Bulgarian capital , Tarnovo , that broke out in 1686 and was severely crushed by the Ottoman authorities . In 1686 Russia , Saxony , Brandenburg and Bavaria joined the Holy League against the Ottoman Turkish Empire . Rostislav Stratimirovic — a descendant of the medieval Shishman dynasty decided to exploit the international situation , established relations with the Russian Patriarch Joachim and visited Moscow in preparation for the uprising . In his absence the uprising burst prematurely and was doomed . He quickly returned to Tarnovo where he was proclaimed Prince of Bulgaria after the city was briefly liberated , with about 4 , 000 people gathering . However , the Ottoman authorities reacted immediately and quickly recaptured the city using regular army , brutally suppressing the uprising . Rostislav Stratimirovic fled the Ottoman territory and settled in Russia where he married the niece of the patriarch - Maria Dubrovska . The only source about the uprising is the family chronicles of Rostislavov - Dubrovski clan , now missing . Its legendary character makes many historians doubt its authenticity and consider it " a beautiful legend " which served the political interests in 19th century Russia . However , the Ottoman archives do indeed speak of insurgent activities in Tarnovo region during this period , centred on Arbanasi village .
Battle of Grönvikssund The Battle of Grönvikssund was fought between Sweden and Russia during the Finnish War 1808 - 09 . Battle . Johan Ludvig Brant was tasked with defeating Russian coastal forces operating near Nystad ( fi . Uusikaupunki ) . When he learned that roughly twenty Russian gun sloops or yawls had sailed from Nystad towards Turku he started chasing them . Swedish naval unit caught up with the Russians who upon noticing the approaching Swedes formed for battle . Swedish numerical superiority allowed them to attempt flanking maneuver around the island dominating the battle area , however Russians noticed it and managed to block the flankers . As flanking had failed approached Swedish to close range however though outnumbered Russian force made fierce resistance and withdrew only slowly while maintaining unit cohesion . When he was running out of ammo Selivanoff had to order retreat at 19 : 00 when most of his ships had already been shot full of holes . Swedes gave chase to the retreating Russians but failed to catch them before nightfall and turned back . Numerical superiority and favorable wind were important factors contributing to the Swedish victory . However Swedes ' decision to avoid boarding actions probably saved Russians from even greater losses . Swedish victory forced Russians to postpone their plans for attacking Åland and instead of forming a landing force Russian coastal forces were used to protect supply convoys .
German submarine U - 212 German submarine " U - 212 " was a Type VIIC U - boat that served with the " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . Laid down on 17 May 1941 as ' werk ' 641 at F . Krupp Germaniawerft in Kiel , she was launched on 11 March 1942 and commissioned on 25 April under the command of " Oberleutnant " Helmut Vogler . She began her service career in training with the 8th U - boat Flotilla . She was transferred to the 11th flotilla on 1 October 1942 , the 13th flotilla on 1 June 1943 and the 3rd flotilla on 1 November . She was a member of 13 wolf pack s . She carried out fifteen patrols , but sank only one ship . She was sunk by British warships in July 1944 . Service history . 1st to 6th patrols . Her first six patrols were of little interest ; being confined to the waters of the north : around Iceland , Greenland , Bear Island and Jan Mayen Island . In that time ( September 1942 – July 1943 ) , she was based at Narvik , Bergen and Hammerfest in Norway . 7th patrol . It was during this sortie that the boat could claim her only victim ; the Soviet " Majakovski " , sunk by a mine on 5 August 1943 , laid by " U - 212 " on 31 July . 8th patrol . The submarine departed Bergen and Norwegian waters , on 11 October 1943 . Passing through the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands , she headed for Newfoundland , docking at La Pallice / La Rochelle in occupied France , on 2 December . 9th patrol . Patrol number nine was " U - 212 " s longest , at 63 days . She was strafed by an unidentified Leigh Light - equipped aircraft on 14 January 1944 . The 37mm AA gun malfunctioned after just one round was fired and the barrel of a 20mm weapon burst . No damage was inflicted by the air attack on the outbound U - boat . On 25 February 1944 , she met " U - 549 " to transfer some radar detection equipment . Both submarines were caught on the surface by an unidentified Catalina flying boat . " U - 549 " dived immediately , but " U - 212 " chose to put up some resistance before joining her sister . The boat was not damaged . She was also unsuccessfully attacked by an unidentified B - 24 Liberator on 8 March while inbound . 10th patrol . If her ninth foray was her longest , her tenth and thirteenth outings were the shortest - three days each . They both started and finished in La Pallice . 11th patrol . This mission was also cut short ; while sailing to interfere with the D - Day landings , the boat was attacked by two 57mm Tsetse cannon - firing Mosquito es of No . 228 Squadron RAF . " U - 212 " returned to base for repairs on 9 June 1944 . 12th , 13th and 14th patrols . The boat did not get out of the Bay of Biscay , moving to Brest at the end of her fourteenth effort . 15th patrol and loss . She left France for the last time on 5 July 1944 . She was sunk south of Brighton in the English Channel on 21 July by depth charge s dropped from the British frigates HMS " Curzon " and " Ekins " . Forty - nine men died ; there were no survivors .
9th Coast Artillery ( United States ) The 9th Coast Artillery Regiment was a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army . Lineage . Constituted 27 February 1924 in the regular Army as the 9th Coast Artillery Harbor defense ( HD ) and organized at Fort Banks on 1 July 1924 . from the following Companies . - 172nd , 59th , 113th , 120th , 136th , 137th , 177th , 178th , only Batteries HHB , A , and C , activated . On 1 June 1941 3rd Battalion was activated as Follows - On 8 March 1943 HHB 3rd Battalion , and Batteries H , I , and K transferred to Fort Ruckman and Battery G to East Point Nahant MA . . A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 inch ( 2 . 54 cm ) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned : Gules bordered Or , the ship Mayflower , under full sail Proper . The shield is red for the Artillery . The Mayflower tells of the historic background of the Boston district . The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 9th Coast Artillery Regiment on 14 May 1924 . It was redesignated for the 9th Antiaircraft Artillery Gun Battalion on 6 December 1950 . Campaign streamers . none Decorations . none
Crewman Crewman is a generic term for a crew member of an aircraft , naval vessel , military unit , or team of professionals attempting to accomplish a goal . In some science fiction ( most notably " Star Trek " ) , Crewman is the lowest military rank on board a spacecraft , analogous to seaman in many real world navies . The term " Crewman " may also be related in the non - gender specific form as " crewperson " or " crewmember " .
Edward Felix Baxter Edward Felix Baxter VC ( 18 September 1885 – 18 April 1916 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Felix Baxter was born in Oldswinford near Stourbridge in Worcestershire , son of Charles & Beatrice ( née Sparrow ) and worked as tutor . Also , Felix Baxter competed in the 1910 Isle of Man TT Races and crashed on lap 4 at Ballacraine and damage to the front forks of his motor - cycle caused a retirement from the race . As a second lieutenant in the 1 / 8th Battalion , The King ' s ( Liverpool ) Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . The citation appeared in a supplement to the London Gazette of 26 September 1916 : He is buried at Fillievres British Cemetery , France , located 8 miles south west of Hesdin : Row A . Grave 10 . His Victoria Cross is displayed in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery in the Imperial War Museum in London .
ARA Bahía Buen Suceso ARA " Bahía Buen Suceso " ( B6 ) was a 5 , 000 - ton fleet transport that served in the Argentine Navy from 1950 to 1982 . She took part of the Falklands War ( ) as a logistics ship tasked with resupplying the Argentine garrisons scattered around the islands . Captured by British forces on 15 June after running aground at Fox Bay , she sank in deep waters while being used as target practice by the Royal Navy on 21 October 1982 . History . She was constructed by Halifax Shipbuilding Limited at Halifax , Canada , and commissioned in June 1950 for service under the " Transporte Navales " command . In 1958 she carried the crew of the new aircraft carrier to the United Kingdom . She participated in numerous Antarctic supplies missions . On 10 March 1969 she made a trip from Argentina to Europe , visiting cities such as Genova , Brugge , Rotterdam , Amsterdam , Portsmouth , Edinburgh , and Dublin . The purpose of the trip was to carry wheat to Europe and bring military items to Argentina . While sailing through the English Channel , she collided with the tanker " Asprella " and was repaired at the Ferrol shipyard in Vigo , Spain . In 1982 she began regular service between the continent and the Falkland Islands . Falklands war . The ship landed scrap - metal workers on South Georgia on 19 March 1982 . She was involved in the blockade running to the Falkland Islands . She sailed from Stanley towards Falklands Sound on 29 April , before the first British attack . While heading to the south on 6 May , the ship spotted the schooner " Penelope " , property of the Falkland Islands Company , at anchor along a pier in Speedwell Island . The small craft was taken over by an Argentine prize crew the following day . While berthed in Fox Bay East on West Falkland , she was attacked by two BAe Sea Harrier FRS . Mk . 1s ( XZ500 and ZA191 ) from . Because the ship was so close to private homes , the Harriers used their 30 mm ADEN cannons rather than General - purpose bomb s . They damaged the ship ' s bridge and engine room , and set fire to a paint store and workshop ashore . One of the Harriers was hit in the tail by a 7 . 62 mm bullet while strafing the transport ; the aircraft was able to return to " Hermes " safely . After the attack the ship did not sail again and remained moored in Fox Bay East . During a storm , she partially tore loose from her moorings and the bow swung onto the beach . After the war , " Bahía Buen Suceso " was towed to San Carlos Water by the tug " Irishman " . Her cargo of ammunition was unloaded . On 21 October 1982 her hull was towed out to deep water where it was sunk by a combination of naval gunfire and fire from Sea Harrier FRS . Mk . 1s from 809 Naval Air Squadron . The ship was also hit by a torpedo from the submarine .
Daidōji family The Daidōji clan were a Japan ese samurai kin group in the Kamakura period . History . The Daidōji were descendants of the Taira . Daidōji Masashige was the governor of Suruga Province with an annual income of 180 , 000 " koku " . In 1590 , his forces were defeated by Maeda Toshiie . In 1591 , Masahige killed himself ( " harakiri " ) . The Daidōji were important retainers under the Hōjō clan during Japan ' s Sengoku period . However , when the Hōjō home castle of Odawara fell in 1590 , the Daidōji were nearly all killed . .