naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Heckler & Koch HK P11 The HK P11 is one of the least known weapons to emerge from the Heckler & Koch factory . Developed during the early 1970s to arm frogmen ( combat divers ) , this weapon is apparently in use with the Navies of Germany , Italy , France , Norway , the UK and the USA . This highly unusual weapon is probably the only serious rival to the Soviet underwater pistol , which appeared in late 1960s . The P11 and its ammunition is somewhat bulkier than its Soviet counterparts ( the SPP - 1M ) , but , on the other hand , the P11 has one round more capacity and a larger caliber , probably resulting in better lethality . The HK P11 pistol is mainly unusual in the fact that it is not self - loading . Instead , it uses a quick - detachable cluster of five barrels , each factory - loaded with a powder charge and long , needle - like , drag - stabilized projectile . The pistol is reloaded by the replacement of an entire barrel cluster . In combat , the empty clusters are discarded , in training these are collected and later sent back to factory for reloading . Loaded barrels are protected from salt water by thin diaphragms , which are destroyed by the fired bullet at the instant of firing . Powder charges in each barrel are ignited using electricity , provided by two 9 - Volt batteries , stored in a sealed container in the grip of the pistol . The effective range underwater depends on the depth , and is about 15 metres near to the surface . Above the water , the effective range is quoted as being around 30 metres , and while long and relatively heavy bullets can be lethal at longer ranges , the chances of hitting any target beyond the given range is minimal . This is because the barrels are not rifled , and bullets are not stabilized in the air , thus tumbling and yawing in flight through the air .
Michael M . McCarthy Michael M . McCarthy ( April 19 , 1845 - January 12 , 1914 ) was a Canadian US Army soldier who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Indian Wars . He was born in St . John ' s , Newfoundland and Labrador . After immigrating to New York , McCarthy enlisted in the army in November 1865 , a few months after the American Civil War . He later reached the rank of first sergeant and served in the Nez Perce War , during which he was involved in action that earned him the Medal of Honor . He was discharged in May 1879 . After settling in Walla Walla , Washington , McCarthy joined the Washington National Guard and became a commissioned officer . In December 1897 , he was promoted to colonel and was appointed Quartermaster General of the Washington National Guard . He retired from the National Guard in October 1905 . McCarthy died from a cerebral hemorrhage in Walla Walla , and was buried in Mountain View Cemetery . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : First Sergeant , 1st U . S . Cavalry . Place and date : At White Bird Canyon , Idaho . , June 1876 - January 1877 ( " sic " White Bird Canyon battle took place in June 1877 ) . Entered service at : - - - - - - Birth : St . John ' s , Newfoundland . Date of issue : November 20 , 1897 . Was detailed with 6 men to hold a commanding position , and held it with great gallantry until the troops fell back . He then fought his way through the Indians , rejoined a portion of his command , and continued the fight in retreat . He had 2 horses shot from under him , and was captured , but escaped and reported for duty after 3 days ' hiding and wandering in the mountains .
Battle of Raszyn ( 1809 ) The first Battle of Raszyn was fought on 19 April 1809 between armies of the Austrian Empire and the Duchy of Warsaw , as part of the War of the Fifth Coalition in the Napoleonic Wars . The Austrians were defeated . The Austrian army under Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria - Este invaded the Duchy of Warsaw in April 1809 . Polish troops under Prince Józef Antoni Poniatowski withstood the Austrians ' attack on Warsaw , defeating them at Radzymin , and reconquered parts of former Poland , including Kraków and Lwów , by beating the Austrians near the villages of Góra and Grochów . For this victory , Poniatowski was presented with the " grand - aigle de la Légion d ' Honneur " , a saber of honor , and a lancer ' s shako . Battle . The battlefield ’ s terrain is dominated by several villages and by the river Utrata , which during April is unfordable . The only way to cross the river is at the ponds of Raszyn , Dawidy or Michalowice , which were all under Polish control . After a preparatory cannonade started at 14 . 00 , the Austrian infantry attacked around 15 . 00 the Polish screening forces . The Poles gradually yielded terrain to the attacker . Austrian attempts to outflank the Polish position near Jaworowo were without success . After the village of Falenty was captured at 16 . 00 Poniatowski launched a counterattack which evicted the Austrians from the town and re - establishing the Polish line . Around 17 . 00 a combined attack was launched against Raszyn . Repulsed by the Saxon units , the Austrians called up reinforcements and took the town around 19 . 00 but where unable to progress beyond the last houses of the village . The Poles again counterattacked at 21 . 00 and drove the Austrians from Raszyn but were unable to recapture the causeway . Fighting progressed until 22 . 00 when the Poles evacuated the battlefield . Aftermath . After the Austrian army withdrew to the other side of the swamps , prince Józef Poniatowski ordered his forces to withdraw towards Warsaw . However , since the city fortifications were in a very bad shape and the Saxon expeditionary force withdrew towards their homeland , Poniatowski decided to leave Warsaw undefended and withdraw to several fortresses located nearby ( most notably to Modlin Fortress and Serock ) . The capital was seized with little opposition , but it was a Pyrrhic victory since the Austrian commander diverted most of his forces there at the expense of other fronts . In the following weeks Greater Poland was defended by the Corps of General Henryk Dąbrowski and the Polish cavalry seized Lwów . Finally , Poniatowski left only a small force near Warsaw to prevent the Austrians from leaving it and moved the rest of his forces southwards , which led to capturing the city of Kraków . On 14 October 1809 the Treaty of Schönbrunn was signed between Austria and France . According to it , the former state lost approximately 50 000 square kilometres of land inhabited by over 1 900 000 people . The territories annexed by the Duchy of Warsaw included the lands of Zamość and Kraków as well as 50 % of income of the Wieliczka salt mines .
Orconte Airfield Orconte Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield , which is located near the commune of Orconte in the Marne department of northern France . Located probably north of the commune , it was a United States Army Air Force temporary airfield established during the Northern France Campaign in September 1944 . Its primary use was for P - 47 Thunderbolt fighters of the Ninth Air Force 354th Fighter Group . History . Known as Advanced Landing Ground " A - 66 " , the airfield consisted of a single 5000 ' Prefabricated Hessian Surfacing ( PHS ) runway aligned 11 / 29 . In addition , with tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . Combat units stationed at the airfield were the 354th Fighter Group , between 14 September - 16 October 1944 which flew support missions during the Allied invasion of Normandy , patrolling roads in front of the beachhead ; stafing German military vehicles and dropping bombs on gun emplacements , anti - aircraft artillery and concentrations of German troops when spotted . After the Americans moved east with the advancing Allied Armies , the airfield was used for transport of supplies and evacuating combat casualties . It was closed on 1 December 1944 , and the land was returned to its owners . Today there is little or no physical evidence of its existence or its location .
Markian Popov Markian Mikhaylovich Popov ( ; 19021969 ) was a Soviet military commander , Army General ( 26 . 8 . 1943 ) , and Hero of the Soviet Union ( 1965 ) . Life . During the German - Soviet War at various times he commanded a number of Armies and a number of Front s . His career was uneven . In June 1941 he was Commander of the Leningrad Military District , then Northern Front ( 24 June – 5 September ) . The Germans advanced with a terrific speed , but then they were halted just before Leningrad . The army group was on 26 August renamed as Leningrad Front . Then he participated in Zhukov ’ s counteroffensive before Moscow . Zhukov , who co - ordinated several fronts in this Moscow sector , tried to collect able commanders in the area . So for example the 16th Army ( Western Front ) was headed by General Rokossovsky , the 4th Shock Army ’ s commander was General Yeryomenko , the 5th Army was under General Govorov . On December 18 Popov was appointed Commander of the 61st Army ( Bryansk Front ) and fought well during the counteroffensive . He maintained this position until 28 June 1942 . Then he was shifted to the Stalingrad area . He was Assistant Commander of the Stalingrad Front ( under Yeremenko , 13 October – 20 November ) , then Commander of the 5th Shock Army ( 8 December – 28 December ) . On December 26 this army was switched to Vatutin ’ s Southwestern Front . In 1943 firstly he commanded a larger mechanized group , but in February his unit was badly defeated . Then he was appointed Commander of the Bryansk Front ( 5 June – 10 October 1943 ) , with which he participated in the Battle of Kursk . During the battle , Bryansk Front was very successful in crushing German opposition , and was able to capture Oryol and Bryansk in August . He was promoted to Army General ( 26 August 1943 ) . After the Battle of Kursk he was sent north , to command the 2nd Baltic Front ( 20 October 1943 – 23 April 1944 ) . He was demoted to Colonel General ( 20 April 1944 ) because of the denunciations of Lev Mekhlis , who was commissar at the front . Until the end of the war he was Chief of Staff of the Leningrad Front . After the war he was promoted again to Army General ( 3 August 1953 ) . In 1956 - 1962 he was Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Ground Forces . He died April 22 , 1969 in an accidental fire . He was never given the rank Marshal of the Soviet Union , although Marshal of Aviation Golovanov and Marshal Vasilevsky considered him very talented . References . page from warheroes . ru in Russian
William B . Baugh Private First Class William Bernard Baugh ( July 7 , 1930 – November 29 , 1950 ) was a United States marine who , at age 20 , received the Medal of Honor in Korea for sacrificing his life to save his Marine comrades . The nation ’ s highest decoration for valor was presented to the young Marine for extraordinary heroism on November 29 , 1950 , between Koto - ri and Hagaru - ri , when he protected the members of his squadron from a grenade by smothering it with his body . Biography . Private First Class Baugh was the 15th Marine to receive the Medal of Honor for heroism during the Korean War . Born July 7 , 1930 , in McKinney , Kentucky , William Bernard Baugh was employed by Harrison Shoe Corporation before his enlistment in the Marine Corps on January 23 , 1948 , at the age of 17 . He attended public schools in Butler County , Ohio . Following recruit training at Parris Island , South Carolina , PFC Baugh was stationed at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune , North Carolina , and after being transferred to the 1st Marine Division in Korea , took part in the Inchon landing , the capture of Seoul , and the Wonsan , Hungnam , and Chosin Reservoir campaigns . His death occurred in the Chosin area . In addition to the Medal of Honor , PFC Baugh posthumously received the Purple Heart Medal . He previously held the Presidential Unit Citation , Navy Occupation Service Medal with Europe Clasp , Korean Service Medal with three bronze stars , and the United Nations Service Medal . Awards and decorations . PFC Baugh ' s awards include : Medal of Honor citation . The President of the United States in the name of The Congress takes pride in presenting the MEDAL OF HONOR posthumously to for service as set forth in the following CITATION : / S / HARRY S . TRUMAN
Embūte Castle Embūte Castle ruins are located in Embūte , Latvia ( ) , in the Embūte parish , Vaiņode municipality not far from an ancient castle hill erected by Curonians which was an ancient Curonian settlement and is mentioned in ancient chronicles as a place with strong Curonian resistance to German crusaders . History . Embūte Castle was built in the middle of the thirteenth century as residence for the Bishop of Courland . It came in the hands of the Livonian Order for a short period , but in the end of the thirteenth century it again belonged to the bishop . The castle was many times rented in the following centuries . In the sixteenth century the castle became a centre of big manors and residence for local German landlords . The castle was destroyed in the Great Northern War . Some documents from the eighteenth century tells , that only the castle walls are preserved . In the same century a manor was erected on the old castle walls . It was expanded in the nineteenth century by demolishing one of the old gate towers . The last owner of the castle was the widow of Hans von Hahn . The castle burned down in 1920 and the baroness moved to Germany . Local rumours says that the baroness burned the castle to avoid its nationalization by the new Latvian government . During the agrarian reforms in Latvia ( 1921 – 1930 ) all manors and land was nationalized and divided by the Latvian government . After the Second World War , the local Soviet kolkhoz used stones from the castle as building materials . Todays Castle . Embūte Castle ruins are situated far from the main road , in the sparsely populated region of Courland . Today ' s ruins are surrounded by trees and in quite bad condition . Only fragments of some walls and towers are visible .
Spain in World War I Spain remained neutral throughout World War I between 28 July 1914 and 11 November 1918 , but despite domestic economic difficulties , it was considered " one of the most important neutral countries in Europe by 1915 " . Spain had enjoyed neutrality during the political difficulties of pre - war Europe , and would continue its neutrality after the war until the Spanish Civil War began in 1936 . While there was no direct military involvement in the war , German forces were interned in Spanish Guinea in late 1915 . References . Online Printed
Robert Dexter Conrad Robert Dexter Conrad , born on 20 March 1905 in Orange , Massachusetts , graduated from the United States Naval Academy and was commissioned ensign in June 1927 . Naval career . Following duty in , he attended the Postgraduate School at Annapolis , Maryland , and earned a Master of Science degree in naval architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in June 1932 . Then ordered to the Portsmouth Navy Yard ( New Hampshire ) , he served there until the fall of 1933 when he took a leave of absence to study at Cambridge University , England . Returning to the United States , he served in the Design and Construction Division and in the Research and Information Section of the Bureau of Construction and Repair ; then , from August 1937 to June 1939 , at the Experimental Model Basin at Washington , D . C . . Duty at Mare Island followed and in November 1940 he was appointed Assistant Naval Attaché , later Special Naval Observer , at the American Embassy , London . World War II service . In January 1942 he returned to Washington , D . C . Initially in the Bureau of Ships , he became Head of the Progress and Planning Section in the Office of the Coordinator of Research and Development , Office of the Secretary of the Navy in April and remained in that post until May 1945 . He was awarded the Legion of Merit for his work during that period . After the end of the war in Europe , Captain Conrad continued his research work through many organizational changes , and was eventually designated Director of the Planning Division , Office of Research and Inventions , later the Office of Naval Research . He was awarded the Navy Distinguished Service Medal for his work both during and after the Second World War . Retirement . Captain Conrad retired in 1947 and died at New York on 26 July 1949 . Award named in his honor . The Navy ' s top scientific award , an annual award to the individual making an outstanding contribution in naval research and development bears Captain Conrad ' s name : the Captain Robert Dexter Conrad Award . Ship naming . The , a research ship operated by Columbia University , was named in his honor .
SS Dante Alighieri SS " Dante Alighieri was an Italian ocean liner for Transatlantica Italiana . During World War I she was employed as a troopship carrying United States troops to France as part of the Cruiser and Transport Force . In 1927 , she was sold to Japan ese firm Nippon Yusen Kaisha and renamed Asahi Maru " . Operating as a hospital ship during World War II , she was damaged in a collision in 1944 in Japan , and was eventually scrapped in 1949 . History . " Dante Alighieri " was built by Società Esercizio Bacini of Riva Trigoso in 1914 for Transatlantica Italiana . She was a vessel , with a length overall and a beam . She had accommodations for 100 first - class , 260 second - class , and 1 , 825 third - class passengers . Launched on 28 November 1914 , she sailed on her maiden voyage from Genoa to Palermo and New York on 10 February 1915 . After the United States entered World War I , she was chartered as a troop transport and attached to the United States Navy Cruiser and Transport Force . After the war ended , " Dante Alighieri " resumed her Genoa – New York service , continuing on the same route through October 1927 . She departed New York for Lisbon , Naples and Genoa in November 1927 . In 1928 , the liner was sold to the Japan ese firm of Nippon Yusen Kaisha ( NYK ) and renamed " Asahi Maru " . In 1937 she was converted into a hospital ship . In 1940 , she had one of her funnels removed . On 24 January 1942 , the hospital ship was hit by gunfire from the destroyer USS " John D . Ford " , during an American incursion on Balikpapan . On 5 February 1944 , " Asahi Maru " was damaged in a collision in the Japanese Inland Sea . She was scrapped in 1949 .
ARA Almirante Brown ( C - 1 ) The Almirante Brown was a " Veinticinco de Mayo " - class heavy cruiser in service with the Armada of the Argentine Republic during World War II . The ship was named in honour of Admiral Guillermo Brown , the Father of the Argentine Navy . " Almirante Brown " was built by Odero in Genoa ( Italy ) , laid down 27 November 1927 , launched on 11 August 1929 , and completed 11 July 1931 . Her total displacement was 6 , 800 tons . The ship was broadly similar to the Italian Trento Class but was armed with three twin 7 . 5 - in gun turrets as against four 8 - in . Another important difference was the repositioning of the boilers , which gave the ship a single funnel . On trials the cruiser reached its contracted speed of 32 knots . As completed the ship had a short funnel but it was subsequently raised . During the Second World War the ship finally received the catapult which had been included in the original design . The catapult and crane were carried on the centreline between the funnel and mainmast , with two Grumman floatplanes . When built six twin 100 - mm antiaircraft guns were mounted at forecastle deck level but these were later replaced by twin 40 - mm Bofors guns . " Almirante Brown " was decommissioned on 27 June 1961 and sold for breaking up in Italy in 1962 .
Enoggera Barracks Enoggera Barracks ( also known as Gallipoli Barracks ) is an Australian Army base in the northwestern Brisbane suburb of Enoggera in Queensland . It was officially established in the early 20th century when the area was used for field training , although the area was used by military units as far back as the mid - 1800s . Since then it has been developed into a modern military base , which is now home to units of the 7th and 11th Brigades as well as the headquarters of the 1st Division and the 16th Aviation Brigade . History . The base has a long history , having been in existence officially since 1908 , although the wider area has been used for military purposes since 1855 . Upon its establishment , the camp consisted of four paddocks that were used for training and drill — Bell , Fraser ' s , Rifle and Thompson ' s — and a number of rifle ranges were established there for use by civilian groups and units of the militia . Since then the base facilities have been expanded as the Army ' s presence there has grown through its involvement in the two World Wars and beyond . Currently the base is home to the majority of 7th Brigade units . With the reorganisation of 7th Brigade in 2007 , there are also a couple of units from the 11th Brigade based at Enoggera . There are currently over 3 , 000 personnel on site , making it one of the largest army bases in the country . In January 2011 Enoggera Barracks was the location of the headquarters for the Australian Defence Force ' s response to the 2010 – 2011 Queensland floods , Operation Queensland Flood Assist . The base facilities are currently undergoing a $ 770 million expansion , which will see the number of regular personnel based at Enoggera rise to about 5 , 600 by 2014 . The upgrade will focus upon redevoloping the 7th Brigade ' s headquarters as well as construction of a new gym , an indoor pool and training centre , and an expansion of 8th / 9th Battalion ' s lines . Current units . Formations Royal Australian Armoured Corps Royal Australian Artillery Royal Australian Engineers Royal Australian Corps of Signals Royal Australian Infantry Corps Royal Australian Army Medical Corps Australian Army Band Corps Royal Australian Corps of Military Police Australian Army Cadets
USS Firecrest ( AMS - 10 ) USS Firecrest ( AMS - 10 / YMS - 231 ) was an acquired by the U . S . Navy for clearing coastal minefields during World War II . " Firecrest " was laid down 5 October 1942 by Frank L . Sample , Jr . , Boothbay Harbor , Maine ; launched , 3 April 1943 ; completed and commissioned " USS YMS - 231 " , 6 August 1943 . She was decommissioned in February 1947 ; named " Firecrest " and reclassified as a Motor minesweeper , AMS - 10 , 18 February 1947 . " Firecrest " returned to service in the later 1940s . She was sent to Korea in 1950 and operated in the combat zone until the shooting ended in July 1953 . " Firecrest " continued to serve in the Far East after the war . She was reclassified as a Coastal minesweeper , Old , MSC ( O ) - 10 , 7 February 1955 . " Firecrest " was transferred to Japan , 15 March 1955 as " Etajima " ( MSC - 656 ) . She was returned to U . S . custody in 1967 and struck from the Naval Register , 31 March 1967 . " Firecrest " was disposed of as a target in August 1969 .