naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Black gang ( ship ) The black gang is the part of a ship ' s crew that works in the engine room . They were called ' black ' because of the soot and coal dust that was thick in the air in the fire room / engine room . The term began usage in the days of the coal fired steam - ships . The term is commonly used in the United States Navy and United States Coast Guard to describe personnel in " M " and " B " divisions .
Harold John Mack Harold John Mack was born 29 December in LeMars , Iowa . Navy career . " Mack " enlisted in the Navy 18 May 1938 and reported to USS Vincennes ( CA - 44 ) on 14 September 1938 after completion of training at Great Lakes , Illinois . Awarded the Navy Cross . During action against the Japanese forces off Savo Island 9 August 1942 , Gunner ' s Mate 2 / c " Mack " was incapacitated by severe wounds in both legs . In spite of his injuries he continued to fulfill his duties as gun captain until ordered to abandon ship . After the loss of the ship , " Mack " was reported missing in action and was declared dead on 10 August 1943 . For his " courageous fighting spirit " and heroism Mack was awarded the Navy Cross posthumously . Namesake . USS Mack ( DE - 358 ) was named in his honour . She was launched 11 April 1944 by Consolidated Steel Corp . , Shipbuilding Division , Orange , Texas ; sponsored by Mrs . Gertrude Mack , mother of " Harold John Mack " , GM2 / c and commissioned 16 August 1944 , Lt . Cmdr . J . F . Nelson , USNR , in command .
1st New Guinea Infantry Battalion The 1st New Guinea Infantry Battalion ( 1NGIB ) was a battalion of the Australian Army formed in March 1944 in the territory of New Guinea , during World War II , in order to fight against the Japanese . Its soldiers were primarily natives of New Guinea , under the command of Australian officers and NCOs . Although formed late in the war the battalion would ultimately serve in a number of the allied campaigns in New Guinea , including during the offensives on New Britain and Bougainville . 1NGIB had an establishment of about 77 Europeans and 550 native soldiers . The Papuan Infantry Battalion ( PIB ) along with the 1st and 2nd New Guinea Infantry Battalion were amalgamated to form the Pacific Islands Regiment in November 1944 . The 3rd and 4th New Guinea Infantry Battalion joined the regiment in 1945 , although 4NGIB was soon disbanded , whilst the 5th New Guinea Infantry Battalion — although authorised — was never raised . The battalion disbanded on June 1946 .
Shield boss A shield boss , or umbo , is a round , convex or conical piece of material at the centre of a shield . Shield bosses ( or sometimes , just " bosses " ) are usually made of thick metal but could also be made of wood . The boss was originally designed to deflect blows from the centre of round shields , though they also provided a place to mount the shield ' s grip . As time went on and heater shield s with curved bodies became more popular , and enarmes superseded the bar grip , the boss became more of an ornamental piece . Often , bosses are not present on non - circular shields due to the differences in technique ; with a round shield , one makes a punch ing motion towards an oncoming blow , while with a heater or kite shield , attacks are blocked by pivoting the shield about the body . A boss provides a significant advantage for deflecting blows when using a punching motion , but is not very effective when using a pivot to block an attack . Manufacture . In medieval times , shield bosses were made by armourers out of sheets of iron or steel . The armourer started with a flat , relatively thin sheet and sank the metal into a bowl , which might then be planished and buffed .
HMS Trumpeter ( P294 ) HMS " Trumpeter " ( P294 ) is an " Archer " - class P2000 - type patrol and training vessel of the British Royal Navy . HMS " Trumpeter " is assigned to Cambridge University Royal Naval Unit , having previously been the training ship of the Bristol University Royal Naval Unit ( URNU ) . Operational history . Served in the Gibraltar Squadron alongside HMS Ranger commencing 1995 under commanding officer Lieutenant Richard Morris . Alongside HMS " Ranger " she was deployed on the Thames for the Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant to assist in security and partake in the pageant . She will also assist in security for the 2012 London Olympics .
160th Anti - Aircraft Artillery Brigade ( Ukraine ) The 160th Anti - Aircraft Artillery Brigade is a formation of the Ukrainian Air Force . The full name of the Brigade is the 160th Warsaw - Odessa Order of Suvorov 3rd degree Anti - Aircraft Artillery Brigade . ( ) . The Brigade is considered to be one of the best Anti - Aircraft Artillery units in Ukraine . History . In 1999 the Brigade was given the honorable name " Odessa " for exhibiting high level of professionalism in protecting the skies over Odessa . The brigade was also awarded with its Colour by the President of Ukraine .
Samuel Lawrence ( revolutionary ) Samuel Lawrence ( 1754 – 1827 ) was an American revolutionary from Groton , Massachusetts . Samuel Lawrence fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill under Henry Farwell who was killed there . Samuel served in the army for 3 and half years from 1775 to 1778 , and rose within the U . S . Army to the rank of major . While in the army he married Susanna Parker on July 22 , 1777 . He was adjutant under General John Sullivan in the Battle of Rhode Island and served there until he retired from service in 1778 . After the war , Lawrence returned to Groton , where he settled as a farmer . In 1793 , he helped to found Groton Academy ( now Lawrence Academy at Groton ) . He was the patriarch of " Boston Brahmin " Lawrence family . His sons , William ( 1783 – 1848 ) , Abbott ( 1792 – 1855 ) , and Amos ( 1786 – 1852 ) , were all influential in United States history . He was also the father of Samuel ( 1801 ) who was a business partner with his brother William , and Luther Lawrence ( 1778 – 1839 ) who was Mayor of Lowell , MA 1838 – 39 . Luther died on April 17 , 1839 when he fell into a wheel pit while showing a visitor around his mill .
Soviet submarine K - 314 K - 314 was a Project 671 " Ерш " ( " Yersh " , meaning scorpionfish ; also known by its NATO reporting name of " Victor - I " class ) nuclear submarine of the Soviet Navy . On 21 March 1984 , " K - 314 " collided with the aircraft carrier in the Sea of Japan . Neither ship was significantly damaged , although the Soviet submarine could not get underway to proceed home for repairs under her own power . The U . S . Navy stayed on scene for two weeks before the Soviets could send out a seagoing tug to bring her home .
Straits Settlements Volunteer Force The Straits Settlements Volunteer Force ( SSVF ) was a military reserve force in the Straits Settlements , while they were under British rule . While the majority of the personnel were from Singapore , some lived in other parts of the Settlements , including Penang , Province Wellesley , Malacca and Labuan . History . The SSVF had its origins in the Singapore Volunteer Artillery Corps , formed in 1888 . In 1915 it helped suppress the mutiny of Sepoys in Singapore . The SSVF was officially formed in 1922 , following the amalgamation of the Singapore Volunteer Corps , Penang and Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps , Malacca Volunteer Corps , and Labuan Volunteer Defence Detachment . In 1928 , the SSVF infantry was re - organised into 4 battalions . The 1st and 2nd battalions consisted of members of the Singapore Volunteer Corps ( 1 , 250 men ) , the 3rd battalion consisted of the Penang & Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps ( 916 men ) and the 4th Battalion consisted of the Malacca Volunteer Corps ( 675 men ) . Besides the infantry , the rest of the SSVF consisted of the Singapore Royal Artillery , Singapore Royal Engineers , Singapore Armoured Car Company and 3 ambulance units . World War II . As international tensions heightened during the 1930s , an increasing number of men of the various nationalities in the Settlements — predominantly European , Malay , Chinese , Indian and Eurasian — joined the SSVF . It included naval , air force , special operations , irregular units ( such as Dalforce ) and home guard units . The SSVF — including four infantry battalion s — took part in the Battle of Singapore in 1942 , and most of its members were captured on 15 February 1942 when their positions were overrun . The SSVF was reconstituted in 1948 . In 1954 , the Singapore Volunteer Corps was absorbed into the Singapore Military Forces when the SSVF was disbanded .
2nd Division ( North Korea ) The 2nd Infantry Division was a military formation of the Korean People ' s Army ( North Korea ) that fought during the Korean War . It is uncertain when the unit was originally raised , however , it is believed to have been formed sometime between 1946 and 1947 . It was officially activated at Naman in February 1948 under Major General Kang Kon with a total strength of 14 , 000 soldiers . History . Early Involvement in the Korean War . The Division ’ s artillery and other elements assembled near the 38th parallel on 12 June 1950 and went into battle for the first time during the fighting around Chunchon on 26 – 27 June , where the artillery units were badly mauled by accurate counter - battery fire from artillery units of the Republic of Korea . During August and September , the Division fought in the Battle of Pusan Perimeter before heavy losses forced it to be re - organised in November at Kanggye . Losses were particularly bad for the Division ’ s artillery units , so much so that by December when the Division participated in the II Corps flanking action in the Hwach ' on Sector it did so without any artillery pieces . During the battles of attrition that followed further losses were suffered and as the UN forces slowly pushed the North Koreans back up the peninsula and by the time the Division reached the II Corps assembly area near Hoeyang a comprehensive re - organisation was undertaken . Between March and May 1951 the Division was brought up to strength through a large number of new recruits , as well as a receiving a large amount of new Soviet - type equipment . In May 1951 the Division took part in a renewed North Korean offensive that took it to Hajinbu - ri . As UN forces began to respond with heavy artillery attacks , the Division was forced to withdraw in early June to the Inje Area . For the next few months the Division undertook defensive operations in the area , and as the tactical situation was stabilised , the North Koreans were able to bring the Division back up to authorised strength . Supplies were said to be plentiful in this time , although quality of ammunition remained problematic . At this time the 2nd Artillery Regiment was detached from the Division to conduct a three - month period of training at Hoeyang , whilst the Division ’ s rifle or infantry regiments received a certain amount of artillery pieces , including a number of regimental howitzers of the 76mm calibre . Formation . The 2nd Division was made up of the following units :
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Detainee Affairs The Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Detainee Affairs ( DASD - DA ) is a political appointment created by United States President George W . Bush . The appointee has responsibility for captives apprehended during the " war on terror " . The " New York Times " described one appointee as : " " a primary adviser to Defense Secretary Donald H . Rumsfeld on detainee matters and his point man for dealing with foreign governments and international organizations on the issue . " " Matthew Waxman was the first to hold this position . He was followed by Charles " Cully " Stimson , who resigned in February 2007 following controversial comments about lawyers representing detainees . Career State Department lawyer Sandra Hodgkinson held the position from 2007 - 2009 . The Washington Post reported in February 2009 that Phillip E . Carter was slated to be the new Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Detainee Affairs , following speculation on Pentagon blogs about his appointment . The Department of Defense has published 179 Guantanamo documents dossiers prepared from the unclassified documents prepared for captives 2004 Combatant Status Review Tribunal s . Documents from the Deputy Assistant Secreary of Defense for Detainee Affairs routinely lead the documents that the Tribunals considered as evidence justifying the Guantanamo captive s continued extrajudicial detention . On February 16 , 2010 William K . Lietzau was appointed as " Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Detainee Policy " . By October 2011 he had taken on responsibility for the department ' s Rule of Law and Humanitarian Policy portfolio , and held the title " Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for rule of law and detainee policy " .
Duarte de Menezes Dom Duarte de Menezes ( before 1488 - after 1539 ) , was a 16th - century Portuguese nobleman and colonial officer , governor of Tangier from 1508 to 1521 and 1536 to 1539 and governor of Portuguese India from 1522 to 1524 . Background . D . Duarte de Menezes was the eldest son of the powerful noble D . João de Meneses , 1st Count of Tarouca and Prior of Crato , and his wife D . Joana de Vilhena . He was named after his renowned grandfather , Duarte de Menezes , 3rd Count of Viana , captain of Alcácer - Ceguer . Tangier . In 1508 , Duarte de Menezes succeeded his father as Portuguese captain of Tangier , a function he had already been effectively performing in his father ' s name since 1507 . He carved out a reputation as a military leader in numerous engagements around Tangier . India . In 1521 , D . Duarte de Menezes was named by King Manuel I of Portugal as the next governor of Portuguese India , succeeding Diogo Lopes de Sequeira . Duarte de Menezes left Lisbon in April , 1521 , with an armada of 11 carracks destined for India . He was accompanied by his brother D . Luís de Menezes , who captained one of the ships . On the outgoing leg , Menezes ' s armada was joined by a squadron of four ships , commanded by Martim Afonso de Mello , destined for China . Menezes ' s armada arrived in Goa at the end of August , 1521 . He assumed office in early 1522 , upon the departure of his predecessor . D . Duarte de Menezes tenure as governor was considered disastrous . Accused of corruption , he was arrested by his successor , Vasco da Gama , in 1525 , and sent back to Portugal in chains . He was imprisoned for nearly seven years in the castle of Torres Vedras , before being finally released by the intercession of powerful friends . Tangier again . The rehabilitation of Duarte de Menezes was sufficiently complete that in October 1536 , he managed to be appointed to his old post as governor of Tangier . He held that post until January , 1539 , when he handed over the government to his son , D . João de Meneses . Duarte de Menezes lived out the remainder of his days in Portugal .
Eljigidei Eljigidei was a Mongol commander in Persia , fl . ( 1206 – 1251 / 2 ) He supposedly commanded a strong contingent when Chingis Khan invaded Khwarizm in 1219 – 1223 . Ogedei was close to Eljihidey . That ' s why Eljigidei was given command over the Mongol forces in Persia , by the new khan Güyük in 1246 , replacing Baiju . Supposedly possessed of Christian sympathies like the khan , Eljigidei was ordered to advance into Syria , and planned an advance on Baghdad . This advance was , ideally , to be conducted in alliance with Louis IX of France , in concert with the Seventh Crusade . However , Güyük ' s sudden death made Eljigidei postpone operations until after the interregnum . After the election of Möngke , however , Eljigidei ' s children were implicated in an aborted conspiracy to declare the election invalid . Though supposedly innocent , Eljigidei was arrested and put to death as well in 1251 or 1252 . Baiju was subsequently returned to command in Persia .
Anschluss Medal The " Anschluss " Commemorative Medal ( " Die Medaille zur Erinnerung an den 13 . März 1938 " ) was a decoration of Nazi Germany awarded in the interwar period . Description . Instituted on May 1 , 1938 , the medal commemorated the return of Austria to the German Reich . The move was the first in Hitler ' s quest for Lebensraum , and it strengthened German flanks while weakening those of Czechoslovakia . German troops crossed the border on March 12 , 1938 , without meeting any resistance . The stage had been set by a series of " " incidents " " provoked by members of the NSDAP in Austria , and diplomatic pressure and ultimatums set forth by the German government . This first action , while perhaps raising suspicions , did not cause general alarm in the world community , as it seemed to be done by choice of the Austrian people who spoke German . The medal , known as the " Anschluss medal " , was awarded to all those Austrians who contributed to or participated in the annexation as well as the members of the Austrian NSDAP . It was also awarded to German State officials and members of the German Wehrmacht and SS who marched into Austria . It was awarded until December 13 , 1940 . In all 318 , 689 medals were awarded . Design . The round , highly detailed , die - struck medal was based on the 1938 Party Day Badge and designed by Professor Richard Klein . On the obverse of the medal , symbolic of Austrian adhesion to the German realm , a man holding the Nazi flag stands on a dais bearing the emblem of the “ Third Reich ” ; he assists onto the dais a second man , on whose right hand a broken shackle still may be seen . On the reverse is the inscription " 13 . März 1938 " ( March 13 , 1938 ) , the date of the Anschluss ; the date is surrounded by the words , " Ein Volk , Ein Reich , Ein Führer " ( " One People , One Empire , One Leader " ) . The edges of the medal are smooth . It is suspended from a red ribbon with white - black - white stripes at the edges of the ribbon and is made of brass or tombak bronze with a silvered matte finish .
John Bogas John Bogas was a 10th - century Byzantine general . In 917 he was sent to the Pechenegs to form an alliance against Bulgaria but although he was able to bribe some of their tribal leaders , the Byzantine admiral Romanus Lecapenus did not manage to ferry them across the Danube . In the same time the whole Byzantine army was destroyed in the battle of Anchialus by the Bulgarians under Emperor Simeon the Great . After their return to Constantinople , Bogas and Romanos were among the nobles who were blamed for the defeat .
USS Amethyst ( PYc - 3 ) USS " Amethyst " ( PYc - 3 ) , formerly named " Samona II " , was a yacht in the United States Navy and served as a patrol boat during World War II . " Amethyst " was built in 1931 by Craig Shipbuilding Company , Long Beach , California ; purchased by the Navy on 4 November 1940 from the estate of Willitts J . Hole , a prominent financier of Los Angeles , California ; converted for naval service by Craig Shipbuilding ; and commissioned on 27 February 1941 , Lt . H . Reich in command . Service history . The ship was assigned to the Inshore Patrol , 11th Naval District , and helped to patrol the entrance to Los Angeles harbor . After the United States entered the war , the yacht expanded her role to include escorting vessels and convoys as well as carrying local passenger traffic . On 1 April 1943 , " Amethyst " was attached to the Surface Task Group , Southern Section , San Pedro , California , and continued her patrol duties off the southern California coast through January 1944 . She was decommissioned on 2 February 1944 . Placed back in commission on 19 April 1944 and manned by a Coast Guard crew , " Amethyst " reported to the Western Sea Frontier section base at Treasure Island , California . Through the end of 1945 , the ship maintained plane guard station , collected weather data , and carried out antisubmarine and antiaircraft coastal patrols . " Amethyst " was finally decommissioned at San Diego , California , on 27 February 1946 . Her name was struck from the Navy List on 12 March . She was transferred on 11 September to the Maritime Commission for disposal . She was subsequently sold to Samuel K . Rindge ( son - in - law of Willits J . Hole ) of Los Angeles and resumed the name " Samona II " and served as a yacht . Purchased in the early 1950s by David P . Hamilton of Shreveport , Louisiana , she served him under the name " Pudlo " until sold in 1962 to Clarene Y . Martin of Houston , Texas , and renamed " Explorer " .
USS Cossatot ( AO - 77 ) USS " Cossatot " ( AO - 77 ) was a United States Navy World War II Type T2 - SE - A1 tanker which served as a fleet oiler . Launched as SS " Fort Necessity " on 28 February 1943 by the Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co . , Chester , Pennsylvania , under a Maritime Commission contract ; sponsored by Mrs . W . Taylor ; acquired by the Navy on 17 March 1943 ; and commissioned on 20 April 1943 Commander P . G . Beck , USNR , in command . It was named for a river in Arkansas . World War II . Sailing from Norfolk to Baytown , Texas , to load kerosene , gasoline , and fuel oil in July 1943 , " Cossatot " sailed from Norfolk on 6 August to fuel convoy escorts during their passage to Casablanca , returning to Norfolk on 14 September . She made seven such voyages from Norfolk to the North African ports of Casablanca , Oran , and Bizerte between 4 October 1943 and 30 November 1944 . " Cossatot " put to sea from Norfolk again on 28 December 1944 bound for the Pacific . She loaded diesel oil , fuel oil , and gasoline at Aruba , Netherlands West Indies , and arrived at Pearl Harbor on 30 January 1946 . She operated from Saipan from 12 February fueling ships of the 6th Fleet until 3 March , when she began operations from Ulithi . " Cossatot " sortied as a part of TG 60 . 8 , the logistics group for the 6th Fleet , for operations off Iwo Jima from 13 March to 12 April . On 16 April she sailed with her group to conduct fueling operations off newly assaulted Okinawa . On 28 April she splashed a suicide plane as it dove toward her , and remained on this duty unscathed until 4 May when she arrived at Ulithi to reload . From 26 May until the end of the War , " Cossatot " operated out of Ulithi fueling various units of fast carrier TF 38 , engaged in the final strikes against the Japanese homeland . " Cossatot " left Ulithi on 3 September for Okinawa and Sasebo , arriving on 21 September to fuel ships of the occupation force . On 12 November she sailed from Yokosuka for San Francisco , arriving on 26 November . " Cossatot " received two battle stars for World War II service . Post - war . " Cossatot " was placed out of commission in reserve 7 March 1946 and transferred to the Maritime Commission on 28 October 1946 . Reacquired in February 1948 , she was transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service on 1 October 1949 where she has served in a noncommissioned status under the Maritime Administration . While underway in the Pacific Ocean on 16 April 1963 " Cossatot " reported seeing an unidentified flying object on a straight and fast course in the skies . It was described as glowing , and star - like , and on a trajectory at about 20 degrees and an altitude around . No investigation was put forward . According to Greenpeace records , on 15 June 1968 " Cossatot " was damaged after a collision with the merchant vessel " Copper State " , in fog , off the coast of Santa Cruz , California . " Cossatot " was carrying of jet fuel and lost of her bow section in this collision . " Cossatot " was stricken on 18 September 1974 and sold 2 September 1975 . No further information is available after this date .
HDMS Lossen Lossen was a frigate built for the navy of Denmark – Norway at Isegran , Fredrikstad , Norway , and launched in 1684 . " Lossen " was wrecked during the Christmas storm of 1717 , outside the island Vesterøy in Hvaler , Norway . Nearly half of the crew of 103 perished . The wreck was found in 1963 , and explored by the Norwegian Maritime Museum in 1967 , 1968 and 1974 .