naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Friedrich Strohm Friedrich Strohm ( 17 December 1908 – 24 September 1944 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Friedrich Strohm died on 24 September 1944 in Lyck , East Prussia . He was posthumously promoted to Oberst and awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight ' s Cross on 18 October 1944 .
First Battle of Newtonia The First Battle of Newtonia was fought as part of the American Civil War , on September 30 , 1862 in Newton County , Missouri . Following the Battle of Pea Ridge in March , most Confederate and Union troops had left northwestern Arkansas and southwestern Missouri . By late summer , the Confederates had returned to the area , which caused much apprehension in nearby Federally occupied Springfield , Missouri , and Fort Scott , Kansas . Confederate Colonel Douglas H . Cooper reached the area on the 27th and assigned two of his units to Newtonia , where there was a mill for making breadstuffs . In mid - September , two brigades totalling 1 , 500 men of Brigadier General James G . Blunt ’ s division of the Union Army of Kansas left Fort Scott for southwestern Missouri . On the 29th , Union scouts approached Newtonia but were chased away . Other Federal troops appeared in nearby Granby where there were lead mines , and Cooper sent some reinforcements there . The next morning , Union columns appeared before Newtonia and fighting ensued by 7 : 00 am . The Federals began driving the enemy , but Confederate reinforcements arrived , swelling the numbers . The Northerners gave way and retreated in haste . As they did so , additional Union reinforcements appeared and helped to stem their retreat . They soon renewed the attack , threatening the Confederate ' s right flank . But newly arrived Confederates stopped the assault and eventually forced the Federals to finally retire . Pursuit of the Federals continued after dark . Union gunners posted artillery in the roadway to halt the pursuit . As Confederate gunners observed the enemy artillery fire for its location , they fired back , creating panic . The Union retreat turned into a rout as some ran all the way to Sarcoxie , more than ten miles away . Although the Confederates won the battle , they were unable to maintain themselves in the area given the great number of Union troops . Most Confederates retreated into northwest Arkansas . The 1862 Confederate victories in southwestern Missouri at Newtonia and Clark ’ s Mill were the South ’ s apogee in the area ; afterwards , the only Confederates in the area belonged to raiding columns . Newtonia was one of the few battles during the Civil War in which Native Americans played a significant role on both sides .
Tumen Tumen or Tümen ( " unit of ten thousand " ; , " Tümen " ) was a part of the decimal system used by Turkic and Mongol peoples to organize their armies . " Tumen " is an army unit of 10 , 000 soldiers . " Tumen " was incorporated into the Mongolian language from the Uyghur language and is also used in the Mongolian language as another word for " very many " . The word " Tumen " was established by Modu Chanyu in the memory of his father , Touman . Genghis Khan ' s organization . In Genghis Khan ' s military system , a Tumen was recursively built from units of 10 ( Aravt ) , 100 ( Zuut ) , and 1 , 000 ( Mingghan ) , each with a leader reporting to the next higher level . Tumens were considered a practical size , neither too small for an effective campaign nor too big for efficient transport and supply . The military strategy was based on the use of tumens as a useful building block causing reasonable shock and attack . Magyar military organization of the Conquest Era . This same kind of military organization was used by the Magyars during the Conquest of Hungary . According to Ahmad ibn Rustah ( c . 930 ) , a Persian explorer and geographer , the " Magyars are a race of Huns and their king rides out with horsemen to the number of 10 , 000 and this king is called Kanda " . In modern armies . Tümen is a military unit which is still used in the Turkish Army , consisting of 6 , 000 to 10 , 000 soldiers . Its commander is a tümgeneral in the Army and Air Forces and a tümamiral in the Naval Forces . It is the equivalent of a modern Division .
Rhodanic Republic The Rhodanic Republic was a French client republic that existed in the French - speaking part of Switzerland during the Napoleonic wars . Napoleon had long sought to make Switzerland dependent on him in order to facilitate his military operations in Italy and around the Alps . Therefore he had been trying various options in order to subjugate its territory or at least a part of its territory . The lands of French - speaking and French - oriented cantons of Geneva , Vaud and Valais seemed to him as especially convenient to fulfill these aims . Napoleon planned to form several puppet states in the realm of these three cantons . When the canton of Leman was formed , Napoleon tried to push through his idea of making a part of its territory into the so - called Rhodanic Republic . In March 1798 the French general Guillaume Brune went to the canton Leman in order to implement the idea of creating of the Rhodanic Republic . The capital of the canton of Leman was Lausanne , with the prefet ' s residence , the administrative chamber and the judicial tribunal . The canton was divided into 17 administrative districts , each with a sous - prefet . Leman was also one of the five cantons - purely administrative subdivisions - of the Rhodanic Republic planned in March 1798 by the French general Guillaume Brune . However , this idea was temporarily put aside . In 1798 when Napoleon ' s troops invaded the Valais and declared a Revolutionary Republique du Valais ( March 16 ) which was swiftly incorporated ( May 1 ) into the Helvetic Republic . The puppet Helvetic Republic served Napoleon ' s purposes well for some time until it became ridden with inner strife and disputes and became unstable . The inner crisis in the Helvetic Republic became especially tangible by 1802 . At the very same time , Napoleon felt great need to secure the passages to Italy and stabilise connections between France and Italy . Therefore the old idea of Rhodanic Republic became revitalized . This time , Napoleon simply made the whole canton of Valais into the Rhodanic Republic , fully independent of the Helvetic Republic which had still a few months to live . Thus Napoleon ' s hands were free and he had got a sure method of securing a safe passage into Italy . In 1810 Napoleon just as abruptly declared this ephemeral state a part of the French empire under the name of Department of the Simplon . In 1810 the Rhodanic Republic was annexed by Napoleonic France as the department of Simplon . Independence was restored in 1813 , and on August 4 , 1815 the Valais finally entered the Swiss confederation as a canton . Thus , the Rhodanic Republic lived for 11 years . It was initially planned in 1798 , formed in 1802 and lived until Napoleon ' s full defeat in 1813 .
Ramon Airbase Ramon Airbase ( , " Basis Hayil - HaAvir Ramon " , lit . " Ramon Air Force Base " ) is an Israeli Air Force base southwest of Beersheba , near the town of Mitzpe Ramon . Also titled Kanaf 25 ( , lit . " Wing 25 " ) , it was formerly known as Matred . It was built as the result of joint Israeli and US government funding as part of the IAF ' s redeployment out of its bases in the Sinai after the peninsula was handed over to Egypt following the 1978 Camp David Accords . It was constructed between 1979 and 1982 by Air Base Constructors , a joint venture of Guy F . Atkinson Company , sponsor , ( San Francisco ) ; Dillingham Corporation ( Honolulu ) ; and Nello L . Teer Company ( Durham , N . C . ) in association with Tippetts - Abbett - McCarthy - Stratton ( New York City ) . Its current commander is Col . Ziv Levi .
French ship Tourville ( 1788 ) The Tourville was a " Téméraire " class 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . In August 1793 , she was damaged by a tempest , which also killed her captain , and had to return to Brest . In September , a mutiny broke out aboard . She took part in the Bataille du 13 prairial an 2 , to the Expédition d ' Irlande , and to the Cruise of Bruix . She was eventually broken up in Brest in 1841 .
Northeastern Volunteer Righteous and Brave Fighters Northeastern Volunteer Righteous and Brave Fighters was established by Wang Fengge , an officer in the Chinese Northeast Army who involved in the Big Swords Society . After the Japanese invasion of Northeast China in 1931 , he raised an anti - Japanese force by linking up with other citizens in the Linjiang and Ji ' an areas during late 1931 . In March 1932 , he announced the establishment of his army - the Northeastern Volunteer Righteous and Brave Fighters .
Piru Singh Company Havildar Major Piru Singh Shekhawat ( 20 May 1918 – 18 July 1948 ) was a soldier in the British Indian Army . He died in service during the Indo - Pakistani War of 1947 . He was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra , India ' s highest award for valour in the face of the enemy . Citation . COMPANY HAVILDAR MAJOR PIRU SINGH 6th BATTALION THE RAJPUTANA RIFLES ( NO 2831592 ) " South of Tithwal , ‘ D ’ Company , of which No 2831592 Piru Singh , was Havildar Major was detailed to attack and capture an enemy occupied hill feature . The enemy had well dug in positions and had sited his MMGs so as to cover all possible approaches . As the attack advanced , it was met with heavy MMG fire from both flanks . Volleys of grenades were hurled down from enemy bunkers . Company Havildar Major Piru Singh was then with the forward most Section of the company . " " Seeing more than half of the Section killed or wounded , he did not lose courage . With battle cries he encouraged the remaining men and rushed forward with great determination onto the nearest enemy MMG position . Grenade splinters ripping his clothes and wounding him at several places , he continued to advance without the least regard for his safety . He was on top of the MMG position wounding the gun crew with Sten gun fire . With complete disregard to his bleeding wounds he made a mad jump on the MMG crew bayoneting them to death , thus silencing the gun . " By then he suddenly realized that he was the sole survivor of the section , the rest of them either dead or wounded . Another grenade thrown at him wounded him in the face . With blood dripping from his face wounds in his eyes , he crawled out of the trench , hurling grenades at the next enemy position . " " With a loud battle cry , he jumped on the occupants of the next trench bayoneting two to death . The ‘ C ’ Company Commander who was directing fire in support of the attacking company witnessed this action . " " As Havilder Major Piru Singh emerged out of the second trench to charge on the 3rd enemy bunker , he was hit in the head by a bullet and was seen dropping on the edge of the enemy trench . There was an explosion in the trench , which showed that his grenade had done its work . By then Company Havildar Major Piru Singh ’ s wounds had proved fatal . " " He had paid with his life for his singularly brave act , but he had left for the rest of his comrades an unique example of single - handed bravery and determined cold courage . "
James Jerome Killeen James Jerome Killeen ( July 17 , 1917 – September 8 , 1978 ) was a Roman Catholic bishop . Born in New York City , Killeen was ordained to the priesthood on May 30 , 1947 . On November 7 , 1975 , Killeen was named titular bishop of Vamilla and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services , USA . He was ordained bishop on December 13 , 1975 and died in office .
USS Clematis ( 1863 ) USS " Clematis " ( 1863 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries . " Clematis " , a steam tugboat , was built in 1863 at Cleveland , Ohio , and purchased by the Navy 2 August 1864 . She was taken to New York Navy Yard to be outfitted , and placed in commission there 14 September 1864 , Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Elias D . Bruner in command . North Atlantic Blockade operations . Departing New York 4 October 1864 with the monitor " Mahopac " in tow , " Clematis " arrived at Fort Monroe , Virginia , 6 October . She operated as a tug in the James and Elizabeth Rivers and at Norfolk Navy Yard until 5 November when she sailed for duty on the blockade off Wilmington , North Carolina . Gulf Coast Blockade operations . After repairs in Norfolk , Virginia , from 13 December 1864 , " Clematis " again served up the James River in March and April 1865 . On 27 April she cleared Fort Monroe , Virginia , for Mobile , Alabama , arriving 21 May 1865 . Retained in service at the close of the Civil War , she served the Gulf Squadron until 23 May 1866 when she sailed for Philadelphia Navy Yard , arriving 31 May . Final decommissioning and sale . She was placed out of commission 6 June 1866 and sold 26 November 1866 .
Rufus Zenas Johnston Rufus Zenas Johnston ( June 7 , 1874 – July 4 , 1959 ) was born in Lincolnton , North Carolina . He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1895 . He received the Medal of Honor for actions at the United States occupation of Veracruz , 1914 . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery . Johnston is also a recipient of the Navy Cross and served in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba , Boxer Rebellion , Philippine – American War and World War I . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Lieutenant Commander Organization : U . S . Navy Born : 7 June 1874 , Lincolnton , N . C . Accredited to : North Carolina Date of Issue : 12 / 04 / 1915 Johnston was awarded the Medal of Honor citation
Frank Herman Schofield Frank Herman Schofield ( January 4 , 1869 – March 21 , 1942 ) was a decorated admiral in the United States Navy , where he served with distinction in the Spanish - American War and World War I . He was also acting Governor of Guam from January 11 , 1904 to January 28 , 1904 . Military career . Born in Jerusalem , New York , Schofield graduated from the United States Naval Academy on 6 June 1890 and was commissioned ensign in 1892 . During the Spanish - American War , he served as executive officer of the , participating in the blockade of Cuban ports and in the capture of four enemy ships . Between 1898 and 1917 , he served in various capacities afloat and ashore including duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations and a brief position as acting Governor of Guam from January 11 , 1904 to January 28 , 1904 . During this time , while commanding the he reported seeing " three meteors which he says appeared near the horizon and below the clouds , traveling in a group directly toward the Supply , " which has been interpreted by some as an early UFO observation . After American entry into World War I , he was ordered to London , where he served on the staff of Commander , U . S . Naval Forces , European Waters until December 1918 . He then assumed duties on the United States Naval Advisory Staff to the Peace Commission in Paris . Awarded the Navy Cross for his World War I and Peace Commission service , he was detached from the Naval Advisory Staff in May 1919 and , in July , returned to sea duty as commanding officer of the battleship , . During the 1920s , he served on the General Board from 1921 to 1923 ; was promoted to Rear Admiral in 1924 ; commanded Destroyer Squadrons , Battle Fleet , from 1924 to 1926 ; headed the War Plans Division of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations from 1926 to 1929 ; was a member of the Naval Advisory Staff , Geneva Conference in 1927 ; and commanded Battleship Division 4 , Battle Fleet in 1929 . In 1930 , he was commissioned Commander in Chief , Battle Force , with the accompanying rank of Admiral ; and in 1933 , after 47 years of service , he retired . Admiral Schofield died at Bethesda , Maryland , on 21 March 1942 .
General Electric TF39 The General Electric TF39 is a high - bypass turbofan engine . Developed to power the Lockheed C - 5 Galaxy , it was the first high - power , high - bypass jet engine available . The TF39 was developed into the CF6 series of engines , and formed the basis of the General Electric LM2500 marine and industrial gas turbine . Development . The United States Air Force opened the " CX - X Program " in 1964 , intending to produce a next - generation strategic airlifter . Of the several airframe and engine proposals returned for consideration , Lockheed ' s aircraft and General Electric ' s engine were selected for the new design in 1965 . The high - bypass turbofan was a huge leap in engine performance , offering a thrust of 43 , 000 pounds , while improving fuel efficiency by about 25 % . The TF39 had an 8 - to - 1 bypass ratio , 25 - to - 1 compressor pressure ratio , a 2 , 500 °F ( 1 , 370 °C ) turbine temperature made possible by advanced forced - air cooling . The first engine went for testing in 1965 . Between 1968 and 1971 , 463 TF39 - 1 and - 1A engines were produced and delivered to power the C - 5A fleet . Design . The TF39 is a revolutionary 1960s engine rated from 41 , 000 to 43 , 000 lb ( 191 to 205 kN ) of thrust . It employed a great deal of then - new technological features such as : Mechanically , the TF39 is rather unusual for a high bypass ratio turbofan ; the single stage is snubber ed ( ' Snubbers ' are protuberances that stick - out at right angles to the fan aerofoil somewhere between mid - span and blade tip ) . The snubbers on adjacent fan blades butt - up against each other , in a peripheral sense and improve the vibration characteristics of the blade to the fan rotor which has a set of inlet guide vanes for the outer bypass section and the core booster stage located in front of the fan rotor , rather than behind . This unique design is clearly seen from the front . Applications . = Specifications ( TF39 - 1C ) =
77th Aeronautical Systems Wing The 77th Aeronautical Systems Wing ( 77 ASW ) is an inactive United States Air Force unit , last assigned to the Aeronautical Systems Center at Wright - Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio . Its World War II predecessor unit , the 77th Reconnaissance Group supported ground units in training by flying reconnaissance , artillery adjustment , fighter , and bomber missions , and in the process trained reconnaissance personnel who later served overseas . Units . The 77 ASW supported the Aeronautical Systems Center . Its units perform a variety of missions History . Operations . During World War II the 77th supported ground units in training by flying reconnaissance , artillery adjustment , fighter , and bomber missions , and in the process trained reconnaissance personnel who later served overseas . One squadron ( 113th ) flew antisubmarine patrols over the Gulf of Mexico from March until June 1942 when it was relieved by another squadron ( 128th ) . Still another squadron ( 120th ) patrolled the Mexican border from March – July 1942 . A detachment of the 77th served in India from February until July 1943 . The 77th was inactivated in 1943 . The 77th was redesignated in 1985 and consolidated with the 2852nd Air Base Wing in 1994 to provide services and support for McClellan AFB with its satellite installations and the Sacramento Air Logistics Center with its tenant organizations ( the 2852nd had been performing this duty since 1 August 1953 ) until the base was officially closed in 2001 . The 77th Aeronautical Systems Group moved from Brooks City - Base , San Antonio to Wright - Patterson AFB in mid - 2009 .
Cut Bank Municipal Airport Cut Bank Municipal Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles ( 6 km ) southwest of the central business district of Cut Bank , a city in Glacier County , Montana , United States . It is owned by Cut Bank and Glacier County . The airport ' s website refers to it as Cut Bank International Airport . Its first flight took place on 1 June 1941 . Facilities and aircraft . Cut Bank Municipal Airport covers an area of at an elevation of 3 , 854 feet ( 1 , 175 m ) above mean sea level . It has two asphalt paved runways : 5 / 23 is 5 , 299 by 75 feet ( 1 , 615 x 23 m ) and 13 / 31 is 5 , 300 by 75 feet ( 1 , 615 x 23 m ) . For the 12 - month period ending August 22 , 2008 , the airport had 5 , 800 aircraft operations , an average of 15 per day : 90 % general aviation , 9 % air taxi and 2 % military . At that time there were 32 aircraft based at this airport : 88 % single - engine , 3 % multi - engine and 9 % ultralight . History . During World War II , Cut Bank Army Air Field was used by the Second Air Force as an auxiliary heavy bomber training airfield , being controlled by Great Falls Army Air Base . Several squadrons of groups training at Great Falls in B - 17 Flying Fortress es trained at Cut Bank . Known squadrons were : During the Cold War , Cut Bank AFB was used as an interceptor base as part of Air Defense Command .
3rd Regiment New York Provisional Cavalry The 3rd New York Provision Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army at the end of the American Civil War . Service . On August 17 , 1865 the 13th New York Volunteer Cavalry was consolidated with the 16th New York Volunteer Cavalry to form the 3rd New York Provisional Cavalry . Col . Nelson B . Sweitzer , commanding officer of the 16th New York , was appointed commander of the new regiment . The 3rd Provisional NY Cavalry was honorably discharged and mustered out on September 21 , 1865 , at Camp Barry near Washington , D . C . , having lost by death from disease and other causes , four enlisted men .
810th Bombardment Squadron The 810th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 472d Bombardment Group . It was inactivated at Clovis Army Air Field , New Mexico on 1 April 1944 . History . Established in mid - 1943 to provide B - 29 Superfortress crew training . Trained with both B - 17s and B - 29s . Inactivated in April 1944 with the dissolution of combat crew training .