naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
M55 Self Propelled Howitzer The M55 was an American fully enclosed and armored self - propelled artillery based on the M53 155 mm assault gun . It had a 203 . 2 mm howitzer which could traverse 30° left or right , carrying only 10 rounds of ammunition . The gun had a maximum range of 16 , 916 meters ( 10 . 51 miles ) with a rate of fire of one round every two minutes . The M55 armor was light , 25 mm maximum , but sufficient to protect the crew from indirect artillery hits or small arms fire . The M55 used components of the M47 Patton tank , but the automotive aspects were reversed . The engine was mounted in the front and drove through a front - drive sprocket . The driver ' s cupola is visible on the front left of the turret , and spare track blocks were stored on the turret front . The M55 was used during the Vietnam War , and subsequently withdrawn from service in the US military .
Absolutely American Absolutely American is a 2003 book by American author David Lipsky . Summary . The book recounts four years in the lives of students at the United States Military Academy . Plot . The book ' s genesis was a piece Lipsky wrote for Rolling Stone — the longest article published in that magazine since Hunter S . Thompson ' s Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas . The book follows cadets in one West Point company , G - 4 , from their arrival to graduation . As " Newsweek " noted , composition of the book required " 14 , 000 pages of interview transcripts , 60 notebooks and four pairs of boots . " As " The New York Times " wrote , Lipsky was not initially well disposed toward the military : " He was , like most young people , entirely cut off from military life . The Army was the one profession his father absolutely refused to let him consider . " Reception . " Absolutely American " was enthusiastically received . In " Time magazine " , novelist and critic Lev Grossman wrote that it was " fascinating , funny , and tremendously well - written . Take a good look : this is the face America turns to most of the world , and until now it ' s one that most of us have never seen . A mesmerizing and powerfully human spectacle . " Newsweek called the book " addictive . " In the " New York Times Book Review " , David Brooks called the book " wonderfully told , " praising it as both " a superb description of modern military culture , and one of the most gripping accounts of university life I have read . " The work was a " New York Times " best - seller , and was selected as required reading for the incoming class at the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill . Film and television rights were acquired by Disney . Awards and honors . The book was an Amazon . com and " Time " magazine best book of the year .
36th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 36th Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 36th Wisconsin was organized at Madison , Wisconsin and mustered into Federal service on March 23 , 1864 . The regiment was mustered out on July 12 , 1865 . Casualties . The 36th Wisconsin suffered 7 officers and 150 enlisted men killed or fatally wounded in action and 3 officers and 182 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 342 fatalities .
De Havilland Dove The de Havilland DH . 104 Dove was a British monoplane short - haul airliner from de Havilland , the successor to the biplane de Havilland Dragon Rapide and one of Britain ' s most successful post - war civil designs . The design came about from the Brabazon Committee report which called for a British designed short - haul feeder for airlines . Production . Production of the Dove and its variants totalled 542 including 127 military Devons and 13 Sea Devons . The first customer deliveries were made in early summer 1946 and the last example was delivered in 1967 . Initial production of the Dove was at de Havilland ' s Hatfield factory , but from the early 1950s most were built at the company ' s Broughton facility near Chester . Operational service . The Dove first flew on 25 September 1945 . From summer 1946 large numbers were sold to scheduled and charter airlines around the world , replacing and supplementing the pre - war designed de Havilland Dragon Rapide and other older designs . LAN Chile took delivery of twelve examples and these were operated within that country from 1949 until sale to small United States airlines in 1954 . The largest order for Doves was placed by Argentina which took delivery of 70 which were mainly used by the Argentine Air Force . An initial batch of 30 Devons was delivered to the Royal Air Force and these were used as VIP and light transports for over 30 years . The Royal New Zealand Air Force acquired 30 Devons between 1948 and 1954 and these remained in service for VIP , crew - training and light transport duties into the 1970s . A Dove was used by Biafran Air Force during the Nigerian Civil War , and its wreck was found in 1970 in the court of a school in Uli ; a second US - registered Riley Dove N477PM delivered in 1967 to Port Harcourt from Switzerland never reached Biafra because was stopped by Algerian authorities . A few Doves and civilianised Devons remain in use in 2011 in the United Kingdom , Canada , Germany and elsewhere with small commercial firms and with private pilot owners . Preserved aircraft . ZS - BCC ( CN04079 ) a Dove 6 of South African Airways is on display at the South African Airways Museum , Rand Airport , Johannesburg , South Africa . Portuguese Angola Portuguese Cape Verde Portuguese Mozambique Operators . Civil operators . Portuguese Timor
German submarine U - 20 ( 1936 ) German submarine " U - 20 " was a Type IIB U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " . Her keel was laid down on 1 August 1935 , by Germaniawerft of Kiel as ' werk ' 550 . She was commissioned on 1 February 1936 . During World War II , she conducted operations against enemy shipping . " U - 20 " went on 16 war patrols , sinking 16 ships totalling 39 , 637 GRT and damaging one more of 1 , 846 GRT . Operational history . 1st , 2nd and 3rd patrols . " U - 20 " s first three patrols involved observation ( in August 1939 ) and the laying of mine s in the North Sea and off the British east coast . She would start in Kiel and finish in Wilhelmshaven ; then reverse the process . 4th and 5th patrols . She sank the " Magnus " about east northeast of Peterhead in Scotland . The ship went down in 90 seconds ; there was only one survivor . She also sank the " Ionian " and the " Willowpool " in November and December respectively , with mines laid in November . The boat sank the " Sylvia " northeast of Aberdeen on her fifth sortie on 13 October 1940 . 6th - 8th patrols . " U - 20 " sank a steady number of ships on her sixth and seventh patrols , ( her eighth foray was relatively quiet ) , but a series of changes were on the way . She was transferred to the " U - Ausbildungsflottille " as a school boat on 1 May 1940 , then the Black Sea , avoiding the heavy British presence at Gibraltar and throughout the Mediterranean by moving overland and along the Danube to her new home with the 30th U - boat Flotilla at Konstanza in Rumania . 9th and 10th patrols . The boat ' s first patrol in the new environment , but her ninth overall , almost ended in disaster when she tried to torpedo a Soviet submarine chaser ; the vessel responded by dropping eight depth charge s . " U - 20 " was obliged to stay submerged for four hours and returned to base with various mechanical failures . Near the end of sally number ten , a crew member from " U - 19 " who had been taken sick , was transferred to " U - 20 " on 4 August 1943 . The boat docked at Konstanza on the 7th . 11th - 14th patrols . These patrols were conducted between Konstanza and Sevastopol . " U - 20 " sank the Soviet " Vaijan Kutur ' e " on 16 January 1944 off Cape Anakria . 15th patrol . The boat sank the " Pestel " on 19 June 1944 off Trabzon . The Soviets reported that this ship was sunk in Turkish territorial waters . She also sank the Soviet landing craft " DB - 26 " on 26 June with gunfire and demolition charges . 16th patrol and fate . She was scuttled on 10 September 1944 , in the Black Sea off the coast of Turkey . On 3 February 2008 , " The Daily Telegraph " newspaper reported that " U - 20 " had been discovered by Selçuk Kolay , a Turkish marine engineer , in of water off the coast of the Turkish city of Zonguldak .
Samarrah Offensive The Samarrah Offensive ( March 13 – April 23 , 1917 ) was launched by the British against the Ottomans as part of the Mesopotamian Campaign in World War I . After Baghdad fell to the British on March 11 , 1917 , there were still 10 , 000 Ottoman troops north of the city , led by Khalil Pasha , who could represent a threat to Anglo - Indian forces . Furthermore , another 15 , 000 Ottomans under Ali Ihsan Bey were being driven out of Persia by the Russians , and were attempting at joining Khalil ' s forces in northern Iraq . The British commander , Frederick Stanley Maude , decided that , in order to avert these threats , he had to take control of the Samarrah railroad , running north of Baghdad . Operations began on March 13 , carried forth by 45 , 000 British troops . On March 19 , they conquered Fallujah , a crucial step toward the offensive ' s goal . The British continued their attacks until April 23 , when the town of Samarrah and its railroad fell into their hands . Although it achieved its aims , the Samarrah offensive cost the British about 18 , 000 casualties , a considerable price ( plus another 40 , 000 who were taken ill ) .
USS Wanka ( 1901 ) USS " Wanka " was a United States Navy motorboat probably in commission from ca . 1912 to ca . 1919 . " Wanka " was wooden motorboat believed to have been built about 1901 . She is carried on the Navy List s of the period from 1912 to 1919 under " miscellaneous craft . " She served with the Louisiana Naval Militia before the United States entered World War I in 1917 , and operated in the New Orleans , Louisiana , vicinity , probably for her entire career . She was dropped from the Navy List on 1 July 1920 .
4th Indian Infantry Brigade The 4th Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II . It was formed in September 1939 , as the 7th Indian Infantry Brigade and renumbered 4th in June 1940 , The brigade was assigned to HQ Rawalpindi District on formation . Then posted to the 26th Indian Infantry Division in April 1942 . The brigade also served with the 14th Indian Infantry Division between March and April 1943 , and them returned to the 26th Division , where it remained for the rest of the war apart from a short attachment with the 82nd ( West Africa ) Infantry Division in April 1945 .
XIII Corps ( Ottoman Empire ) The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish : " 13 ncü Kolordu " " or " " On Üçüncü Kolordu " ) was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army . It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms . Formation . Order of battle , 1911 . With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army , to include the creation of corps level headquarters , by 1911 the XIII Corps was headquartered in Baghdad . The Corps before the First Balkan War in 1911 was structured as such : World War I . Order of battle , August 1914 . In August 1914 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , November 1914 . In November 1914 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , late summer 1915 . In the late summer of 1915 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , January 1916 . In January 1916 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , August 1916 , December 1916 . In August 1916 , December 1916 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , August 1917 , January 1918 , June 1918 , September 1918 . In August 1917 , January 1918 , June 1918 , September 1918 , the corps was structured as follows : After Mudros . Order of battle , November 1918 . In November 1918 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , January 1919 . In January 1919 , the corps was structured as follows :
P3 Mk2 mine The P2 Mk2 and P3 Mk2 are Pakistani plastic cased minimum metal anti - tank blast mines . The P2 Mk2 has a square case with a central circular ribbed pressure plate , the P3 is circular with a central circular pressure plate . Both mines use anti - personnel mine s as the fuse , typically the either the P4 Mk1 or P2 Mk2 anti - personnel mines . The anti - personnel mine sits in a cavity below the pressure plate , when enough pressure is place on the pressure plate of the mine , it collapses onto the anti - personnel mine triggering it and the main charge which sits below it . A yellow canvas carrying strap is normally fitted to the side of the mine . The mines have a secondary fuse well on the bottom which can be used with anti - handling devices . A GLM - 2 electronic booby trap can be fitted to the cavity under the pressure plate . The mine is supplied with a steel disc which makes the mine more easily detectable , although this is seldom used . Since 1997 only a detectable version of the mine has been produced , and to comply with the Convention on Conventional Weapons amended protocol II , Pakistani stocks of the mine are being retrofitted with steel detection discs . The mines are found in Afghanistan , Angola , Eritrea , Ethiopia , Pakistan , Somalia , and Tajikistan .
USS Liberty III ( SP - 1229 ) USS " Liberty III " ( SP - 1229 ) , sometimes written Liberty # 3 and also referred to during her naval career as Liberty and as # 3 Pilot Boat , was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Liberty III " was built as a civilian schooner - rigged pilot boat of the same name in 1896 by John Bishop at Gloucester , Massachusetts . On 10 September 1917 the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner , the Boston Pilots Relief Society , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was enrolled in the Naval Coast Defense Reserve on 15 September 1917 and commissioned on 20 or 21 September 1917 as USS " Liberty III " ( SP - 1229 ) with Ensign Murdoch McLean , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 1st Naval District in northern New England and based at Boston , Massachusetts , " Liberty III " served for the rest of World War I as a harbor entrance patrol boat , guiding the movements of ships that navigated the defensive sea area of the port of Boston . The Navy decommissioned " Liberty III " on 8 January 1919 and returned her to the Boston Pilots Relief Society the same day .
Arthur Moore Lascelles Arthur Moore Lascelles VC MC ( 12 October 1880 – 7 November 1918 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was educated at Uppingham School . Details . He was 37 years old , and an acting captain in the 3rd Battalion , The Durham Light Infantry , British Army , attached to 14th Battalion during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 3 December 1917 at Masnieres , France , during a very heavy bombardment Captain Lascelles , although wounded , continued to encourage his men and organize the defence until the attack was driven off . Shortly afterwards the enemy attacked again and captured the trench , taking several prisoners . Captain Lascelles at once jumped on to the parapet and followed by his 12 remaining men rushed across under very heavy machine - gun fire and drove over 60 of the enemy back . Later the enemy attacked again and captured the trench and Captain Lascelles , who later managed to escape in spite of having received two further wounds . He was killed in action , Fontaine , France , on 7 November 1918 . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Durham Light Infantry Museum & Durham Art Gallery , Durham , England .
Graham Lintott Air Vice Marshal Graham Brian Lintott , ONZM ( born 29 March 1955 ) is a former Chief of the Royal New Zealand Air Force . He is now the New Zealand Defence Attaché to the United States . Career . Lintott joined the RNZAF in 1973 and graduated from pilot training in 1975 . He completed the Basic Sioux Helicopter Course and the Iroquois Course , before completing tours with No . 3 Squadron RNZAF and RNZAF Support Unit Singapore . In the 1980s , Lintott was a member of the RNZAF Red Checkers formation aerobatics team . Personal life . His wife is named Dianne and together they have three adult children .
Ferdynand Zarzycki Ferdynand Zarzycki ( 1888 , Tarnów - 1958 ) was a Polish general and politician . He fought in the Polish Legions in World War I . From 1933 to 1934 he was a Minister of Trade and Industry in the Polish government . He retired in 1934 .
French ship Trajan ( 1792 ) The Trajan was a " Téméraire " class 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . In 1793 , " Trajan " was commissioned in Lorient , under captain Villaret de Joyeuse . At the Bataille du 13 prairial an 2 , along with " Éole " , she engaged and dismasted HMS " Bellerophon " . In 1797 , she took part in the Expédition d ' Irlande , an ill - fated attempt to invade Ireland . On 17 December 1797 , she was renamed " Gaulois " . She was eventually broken up in 1805 .
91st Coast Artillery ( United States ) The 91st Coast Artillery Regiment was a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army , and part of the Philippine Scouts . History . During the Philippines Campaign of 1941 / 1942 this unit operated a wide variety of equipment and maned the following batterys . Constituted 1924 as 91st CA ( HD ) Regt ( PS ) and organized 1 July 1924 at Fort Mills . Organized by redesignating 281st , 282nd , 284th , 277th , 279th , 286th , 276th , & 285th Cos , Philippine Scouts ( organized 12 - 18 - 22 ) as HHB and Btrys A - G respectively . HHBs 1st and 2nd Bns activated 6 - 3 - 24 at Fort Mills . Regimental HHB and Btrys A & B stationed at Ft . Mills ; Btrys C , D , & E stationed at Fort Hughes ; Btry F at Fort Frank , and Btry G at Fort Wint . Manned fixed and mobile seacoast guns . Redesignated TD regiment 1935 . Surrendered 5 - 6 - 42 as Philippines Campaign ( 1941 – 42 ) ended . Disbanded 28 June 1950 . A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 1 / 4 ( 3 . 18 cm ) in height on and within an annulet Gules bearing on lower part the motto “ VERUS ET FIDELIS SEMPER ” Or a shield of the first charged with a griffin sejant , wings elevated and addorsed , of the second . The griffin is a fictitious animal , half eagle , half lion , and symbolizes strength and watchfulness . Red and gold are the colors of the Artillery . The motto translates to “ Always True and Faithful . ” The distinctive unit insignia was approved on 3 April 1928 . It was rescinded / cancelled on 14 March 1975 . Gules , a griffin sejant , wings elevated and addorsed , Or . On a wreath of the colors Or and Gules a sea horse naiant Or . Motto : VERUS ET FIDELIS SEMPER ( Always True and Faithful ) . The griffin is a fictitious animal , half eagle , half lion , and symbolizes strength and watchfulness . Red and gold are the colors of the Artillery . The sea horse is taken from the coat of arms of the Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays and denotes that the unit was organized in these Harbor Defenses , and it also alludes to the activities of the organization near the seashore . Coat of arms . Background . The coat of arms was approved on 3 April 1928 . It was rescinded / cancelled on 14 March 1975 .
I Corps ( Belgium ) 1st Corps of the Belgian Army ( ) was an army corps active during World War I ( probably ) , World War II , and the Cold War . World War II . During the Belgian Campaign of 1940 , it initially held defences at Liège but was forced to retreat by the German XVI Panzer Corps . ( The Battle of Fort Eben - Emael occurred along the Corps ' defensive line . ) Post - War Service . During the Cold War , it served initially as an Army of Occupation in Germany and then as part of NATO ' s Northern Army Group . The corps headquarters was initially established at Yser Caserne , Lüdenscheid , on 15 October 1946 . Lieutenant General Jean - Baptiste Piron took command in November 1946 . Corps headquarters moved to Haelen Caserne , Junkersdorf , Lindenthal , Cologne , in 1948 . During Exercise Battle Royal in September 1954 , the Corps consisted of 1 ( BE ) Infantry Division and 16 ( BE ) Armoured Division with 1 Canadian Brigade and 46 Parachute Brigade ( 16th Airborne Division ( United Kingdom ) ) under command . The corps ' 14th and 20th Artillery Battalions were supported by the 4th U . S . Army Field Artillery Detachment . The detachment was co - located with the Belgian battalions , in quarters across the street from the Belgian Houthulst Kaserne , on Langenwiedenweg Strasse , Werl , West Germany . In 1960 the 1st and 16th Divisions were transformed into mechanised divisions of the ' Landcent ' type . That year , 1st Division at Bensberg consisted of 1st Infantry Brigade ( Siegen ) , 7th Brigade ( Spich ) , and 18th Armoured Brigade ( Euskirchen ) , and 16th Armoured Division consisted of 17th Armoured Brigade ( Duren ) , 16th Infantry Brigade ( Ludenscheid ) and 4th Infantry Brigade ( Soest ) . In 1966 the Belgian Army ' s active force was mechanised , and the force was reduced to two active - duty two brigade divisions ( in 1985 , the 16th in Germany with the 4th Mechanised Brigade at Soest , and the 17th Armoured Brigade at Siegen , and the 1st in Belgium with the 1st Mechanised Brigade at Bourg Leopold and the 7th Mechanised Brigade at Marche , in the Ardennes region . ) In 1985 there were also two reserve brigades , the 10th Mechanised and 12th Motorised . In 1995 , the corps merged with the 1st Mechanised Division and Paracommando Brigade to become " Intervention Force " . The Corps HQ was relocated from Germany back into Belgium in 1996 .
33rd Punjabis The 33rd Punjabis was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . It was raised in 1857 , as the Allahabad Levy . It was designated as the 33rd Punjabis in 1903 and became 3rd Battalion 16th Punjab Regiment in 1922 . In 1947 , it was allocated to the Pakistan Army , where it continues to exist as 15th Battalion The Punjab Regiment . Early history . The regiment was raised during the upheaval of the Indian Mutiny , by Lieutenant EH Longmore at Allahabad on 23 December 1857 , as the Allahabad Levy . It was initially composed of low - caste Hindus , but in 1890 , it was reconstituted with Punjabi Muslims . The regiment took part in the Third Anglo - Burmese War of 1885 - 87 . Subsequent to the reforms brought about in the Indian Army by Lord Kitchener in 1903 , the regiment ' s designation was changed to 33rd Punjabis . During the First World War , the 33rd Punjabis served in Egypt , France , Aden and German East Africa . In 1917 , the regiment raised a second battalion , which was disbanded after the war . In 1919 , the 33rd Punjabis participated in the Third Afghan War . Subsequent history . In 1921 - 22 , a major reorganization was undertaken in the British Indian Army leading to the formation of large infantry groups of four to six battalions . Among these was the 16th Punjab Regiment , formed by grouping the 33rd Punjabis with the 30th , 31st and 46th Punjabis , and the 9th Bhopal Infantry . The battalion ' s new designation was 3rd Battalion 16th Punjab Regiment . During the Second World War , the battalion fought in the Malayan Campaign and was taken prisoner by the Japanese on Singapore Island following the British surrender on 15 February 1942 . It was re - raised in 1946 . In 1947 , the 16th Punjab Regiment was allocated to Pakistan Army . In 1956 , it was merged with the 1st , 14th and 15th Punjab Regiment s to form one large Punjab Regiment , and 3 / 16th Punjab was redesignated as 15 Punjab . In 1948 , the battalion fought in the war with India in Kashmir , while during the 1965 Indo - Pakistan War , it fought at the Rann of Kutch and Chhamb - Jaurian . In 1971 , it served in Lahore Sector .