naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
28th Indiana Infantry Regiment ( Colored ) The 28th Regiment United States Colored Troops , also called the 28th Regiment Indiana Infantry ( Colored ) , was an African American combat unit from the state of Indiana that fought in the American Civil War . History . On November 30 , 1863 , the United States Department of War authorized Indiana Governor Oliver P . Morton to raise one regiment of infantry composed of African Americans . On December 3 , the state ' s adjutant general issued orders to begin accepting enlistments , which began December 24 . On January 12 , 1864 , the War Department notified Morton that the regiment would be called the " 28th Regiment of U . S . Colored Troops . " Reverend Willis Revels , a minister of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Indianapolis , Indiana was the chief recruiting officer . Recruits trained until the end of March at a camp established on land owned by Calvin Fletcher , a prominent citizen . The camp was named " Camp Fremont " in honor of John C . Frémont , the 1856 Republican presidential nominee and Union army general . On April 25 , six companies of the 28th left Indianapolis for Washington , D . C . , where they were attached to the capital ' s defenses . The 28th sustained heavy casualties in the Battle of the Crater at the Siege of Petersburg , Virginia , on July 30 , 1864 , when nearly half of its soldiers were killed or wounded . William Fox ( " see references " ) put the 28th ' s loses at 11 killed , 64 wounded and 13 missing , a total of 88 . Following the Battle of the Crater , the depleted ranks of the 28th were filled with four more companies of recruits raised in Indiana and sent to make the command a full regiment . After the Confederate surrender at Appomattox , the 28th was moved to the Mexican border in Texas as part of the American response to the French intervention in Mexico . The 28th was formally mustered out in Texas on November 28 , 1865 . It returned to Indianapolis January 6 , 1866 , to a reception in its honor . According to Frederick H . Dyer ( " see references ) " , the regiment suffered a total of 212 fatalities : two officers and 45 enlistees killed and mortally wounded in combat and one officer and 164 enlistees who died of disease . An Indiana historical marker commemorating the regiment was erected in Indianapolis in 2004 .
162nd Turkoman Division The 162nd Turkoman Division was a military division that was formed by the German Army during the Second World War . It drew its men from prisoners of war or refugees who came from the Caucasus and from Turkic lands further east . The soldiers were trained at Neuhammer . After some initial setbacks , the division proved to be quite effective . Formation . The 162nd Turkoman Division was formed in May 1943 and comprised 5 Azeri and 6 Turkestani artillery and infantry units . It was sent , in October 1943 , to northern Italy . Of all the " independent " divisions , the 162nd became the largest division of all legions . Infantry battalion No . 450 was also drawn from ethnic Turks and Azeris . In early 1944 the division was assigned with guarding the Ligurian coast . In June 1944 the division was assigned to combat in Italy but was withdraw due to poor performance . For the remainder of the war , the division fought partisans near Spezia and the Tavo valley in Italy . Fate . Those of the division who were caught by the Allied forces were repatriated to the Soviet Union . In 1944 they were sent back via the Suez Canal to Iran , and from there to Russia . Later POWs were kept at Taranto and from there shipped to Odessa via the Dardanelles . The main body of the division surrendered near Padua in May 1945 and was dispatched to Taranto . In accordance with the agreements signed by the British and Americans at the Yalta Conference , the soldiers were repatriated . According to a later witness , they received a twenty - year sentence of slave labor .
Department of the Army Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service The Department of the Army Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service is the highest award that may be bestowed by or on behalf of the Secretary of the Army to Army civilian employees . The medal was approved by the War Department 29 December 1945 . This award consists of a gold medal , lapel button and certificate . A ribbon bar and miniature medal is also available for private purchase . Criteria . Eligibility is determined by measuring contributions against the following example levels of achievement : Description . The medal of the award is a gold disc , 38 mm in diameter . On the obverse in the center is a bald eagle similar to the Great Seal of the United States . The reverse of the medal is inscribed " FOR DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EXCEPTIONAL CIVILIAN SERVICE - - TO . " The edge on both sides is surrounded by a laurel wreath . The medal is suspended from an ultramarine blue ribbon 35 mm in width with three thin white skip stripes in the center of the ribbon .
3rd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 3rd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It is also known as the Albany Regiment . They wore an americanized zouave uniform which consisted of a dark blue zouave jacket with red trimming , dark blue pantalloons , white gaiters , red fez with a blue tazzle , and a dark blue zouave vest with a red trimming . Service . On July 30 , 1861 , it was ordered to Baltimore and quartered at Fort McHenry until April 1 , 1862 . The Summer of 1862 was spent at Suffolk and on September 12 , 1862 it was again ordered to Fort Monore . The original members not reenlisted were mustered out in May 1863 , but the regiment remained in the field composed of 162 recruits , 200 veterans . The Third was present during the siege of Suffolk , after which it was ordered to Folly Island , where it took an active part in the operations against Fort Wagner , the bombardment of Fort Sumter and attacks on Charleston in the summer and autumn of 1863 , as part of Alford ' s brigade of the 18th Corps . In October 1863 , it was returned to Virginia , where it was active in the advance under General Butler in May 1864 , losing 5 killed , 50 wounded and 7 missing . It fought in the battle of Drewy ' s Buff and was then transferred to the 3rd Brigade , 3rd Division , 18th Corps , which moved to Cold Harbor , where it was active until June 12 , 1864 at which time it was transferred to Bermuda Hundred . The regiment rejoined the 10th Corps on June 15 , 1864 and formed part of the 1st Brigade , 2nd division , with which it was engaged in the assaults at Petersburg in June , the mine explosion of July 30 , Fort Harrison and the Darbytown Road . On December 3 , 1864 , the Third was attached to the 1st Brigade , 2nd Division , 24th Corps and sent to North Carolina where it was engaged at Fort Fisher , Sugar Loaf Battery , Fort Anderson and Wilmington . It remained in North Carolina performing picket and garrison duty until General Sherman ' s arrival and the close of the war . It was mustered out of the service at Raleigh on August 28 , 1865 . Casualties . The regiment suffered 37 deaths from wounds and 85 from other causes , for a total of 122 fatalities . Of these , one officer was killed in combat while 2 more died from disease or accident . Thirty Six enlisted men were killed while 83 died from disease or accident . Reference list . 1 The Union Army , Vol . 2 , Page 51
Aklys The aklys ( Latin aclys , Greek agkulis ) was a Roman javelin measuring approximately 2 m . ( 79 in . , 6 . 6 ft ) in length , thrown with the aid of a leather strap or amentum , similar to a Swiss arrow . Every soldier was issued at least two . The term also applies to a small mace or club equipped with spikes , attached to one arm of the wielder by a strap of adjustable length to enable the weapon to be retrieved after it had been hurled at an enemy . Its use probably goes back to the Osci tribe of southern Italy . The weapon is also described as a dart and as a throwing stick or boomerang . Popular culture . The aklys , as a " thonged club " , appears in various fantasy games such as " Dungeons & Dragons " ( the 1985 manual " Unearthed Arcana " ) and in " NetHack " at least as far back as 1987 .
Fort Totten State Historic Site Fort Totten State Historic Site is a historic site in Fort Totten , North Dakota . History . Established on July 17 , 1867 , the fort was first built to watch over the surrounding Indian Reservation after a group of the Sioux tribe moved to the area after 1867 . The soldiers were stationed to enforce the peace and guard transportation routes . The fort was decommissioned in 1890 . It was then turned over to the Bureau of Indian Affairs where until 1959 it was used as a Native American boarding school . Fort Totten became a North Dakota State Historic Site in 1960 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 . It was named for United States Army Corps of Engineers head Joseph Gilbert Totten , who also has forts named for him in Washington , DC and New York . Today . Fort Totten has often been called " the best preserved military fort of the Dakota Frontier - era . " Today you can visit the interpretive center , take a walking tour of 16 original buildings , visit the Pioneer Daughter ' s Museum , take in a show at the Fort Totten Little Theatre , and stay at the Totten Trail Historic Inn bed and breakfast . School children often attend the " Fort Totten Living History Field Day " in September .
Thomas Horton ( soldier ) Thomas Horton ( 1603 , Gumley , Leicestershire – October 1649 , Ireland ) was an English soldier in the parliamentary army during the English Civil War . Thomas Horton was the son of William Horton and Isabell Freeman . Though of humble background , Horton was taken under the wing of the powerful Sir Arthur Haselrig , and had become a captain - lieutenant by 1643 . Becoming a major in the New Model Army , Horton led troops which played a decisive part in several important engagements , most notably the Battle of Naseby in 1645 and Battle of St Fagans in 1648 . As a reward for the valiant service he rendered to the cause , Horton was granted the confiscated lands of a deposed royalist . Horton was a commissioner of the High Court of Justice in 1649 , and thus was among those who signed the warrant for the execution of King Charles I of England . Later that year , he died of natural causes while serving with Cromwell in Ireland . His heirs were deprived of their estate at the Restoration in the 1660s .
Stonewall Jackson ' s Headquarters Museum The Stonewall Jackson ' s Headquarters Museum was a house at 415 North Braddock Street , Winchester , Virginia owned by Lieutenant Colonel Lewis Tilghman Moore , commander of the 31st Virginia Militia . Later , while commanding the 4th Virginia Infantry , Moore offered his home to serve as the headquarters for Confederate Major General Thomas J . " Stonewall " Jackson . History . Jackson lived in the home from November 1861 to March 1862 , and was joined by his wife , Mary Anna , in December 1861 . Jackson arrived shortly after taking command of the new Valley District of the Department of Northern Virginia . From this location , Jackson planned his Shenandoah Valley defenses and campaigns , starting with the Romney Expedition . The home , a Gothic Revival style cottage built in 1854 for William Fuller , was named " Alta Vista " , and had a beautiful view over open hillsides facing east across Winchester . While living here , the Jacksons became very fond of the people and culture of Winchester , and referred to it as their " winter home " , hoping to settle here after the Civil War . In a letter to Mary , Jackson commented : The situation is beautiful , the building is of a cottage style and contains six rooms . I have two rooms , one above the other . The lower room , or office , has a matting on the floor , a large fine table , six chairs , and a piano . The walls are papered with elegant gilt paper . I don ' t remember to have ever seen a more beautiful papering , and there are five paintings hanging on the walls . … The upper room is neat , but not a full story and … remarkable for being heated in a peculiar manner , by a flue from the office below . Through the blessing of our ever - kind Heavenly Father , I am quite comfortable . – Letter from Jackson to his wife Mary , November 16 , 1861 In the 1960s the home was purchased and converted into a museum , and includes many possessions and artifacts belonging to Jackson . One of Colonel Moore ' s descendants is actress Mary Tyler Moore , who helped pay for the restorations of the home to become the museum – including replica wallpaper matching the original to which Jackson referred above . The house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1967 . References . Notes Bibliography
HMS Kingfisher ( L70 ) HMS " Kingfisher " ( L70 ) ( later K70 ) was a Royal Navy patrol vessel and the lead ship of the s . In 1999 , John Cockerill , a Redditch - based baker , made a 6 ft - long cake in the shape of the ship to celebrate a visit from Queen Elizabeth II to the Kingfisher Shopping Centre .
Daphné - class submarine The Daphné class was a type of diesel - electric patrol submarines built in France between 1958 and 1970 for the French Navy and for export . History . These ships were enlarged versions of the " Aréthuse " class submarines . Eleven were used by France . Boats of this design were sold to several other countries : Pakistan ( 3 ) , Portugal ( 4 ) , South Africa ( 3 ) and Spain ( 4 ) . However , two ( " Euridice " 1970 and " Minerve " 1968 ) sank accidentally and brought sales to an end . The cause was eventually considered to have been a faulty snorkel design . The submarines were scrapped in the 1990s and Portugal sold one of its boats to Pakistan . PNS " Hangor " sank the Indian frigate INS " Khukri " during the 1971 Indo - Pakistani war . Pakistan has now retired the submarine and is replacing it with the French " Agosta " and " Agosta " - 90B , for which France has given Pakistan transfer of technology & licence to export to other friendly countries .
Army of the Grisons The Army of the Grisons ( " Armée des Grisons " ) was a field army of the French Revolutionary Army . Its commander - in - chief from 5 October 1800 to 1 April 1801 was Etienne - Jacques - Joseph - Alexandre Macdonald , during which time it operated as the hinge between the Army of Italy under Brune and the Army of the Rhine under Jean Moreau , crossing the Splügen ( 4 December ) and capturing Trento ( 6 January ) .
Charles I , Lord of Monaco Charles I of Monaco ( died August 15 , 1357 ) was Lord of Monaco and the founder of the Grimaldi dynasty . The oldest son of Rainier I by his first wife , Salvatica del Carretto , Charles was forced to flee into exile following the Rock of Monaco falling into Genoese control on April 10 , 1301 . After thirty years of Genoese rule , Charles retook the Rock on September 12 , 1331 , and ruled to his death , when the Rock was again conquered by the Genoese army . In 1346 he took the Lordship of Menton and , in 1355 , he conquered the Lordship of Roquebrune . On June 29 , 1352 , Charles designed a co - rulership of Monaco between his uncle Antonio ( his father ' s youngest brother ) , and his own sons , Rainier II and Gabriele . Family . Charles I married Lucchina Spinola , a daughter of Girardo Spinola , Lord of Dertonne . They had eight children :
William Goate William Goate ( or Goat ) VC ( 12 January 1836 – 24 October 1901 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Goate was 22 years old , and a lance - corporal in the 9th Lancers , British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 6 March 1858 at the Capture of Lucknow , India for which he was awarded the VC : He later achieved the rank of corporal . Later life . Goate moved to Southsea in May 1900 having lived in Jarrow - on - Tyne and worked for 22 years in Palmers shipbuilding firm and that for 18 years he was a member of the Jarrow Company of the Volunteers in which he held the same rank as he did in the Lancers . He died aged 64 at 22 Leopold Street , Southsea , from cancer . Burial . Goat was buried in Highland Road Cemetery and the grave has been reused twice since . There was no headstone marking his grave which is located in Plot E , Row 5 , Grave 20 , but a memorial stone was erected in October 2003 The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed in the Regimental Museum of the 9th / 12th Royal Lancers at Derby Museum , England .
FN Model 30 - 11 The FN Model 30 - 11 is a Belgian sniper rifle , manufactured between 1976 and 1986 . Derived from the FN Model 30 , based on the Mauser action dating to the G98 , with three - piece bolt and a five - round magazine . The trigger and stock are both adjustable , the stock by means of butt spacers . The furniture is wood . The rifle features a flash hider , as well as a standard rear - folding bipod ( same as the FN MAG ) . The standard sights are micrometer - adjustable iron , but the usual fitting is an Anschütz four - power telescope ; a nightscope can be fitted , if desired . No longer manufactured by FN , the Model 30 - 11 remains in service with Belgian police and military , as well as military forces in several countries .
Battle of Bulltown The Battle of Bulltown was a small skirmish fought during the American Civil War near Bulltown in Braxton County , West Virginia on October 13 , 1863 . Background . In the fall of 1863 , William L . " Mudwall " Jackson , the cousin of " Stonewall " Jackson , led a raiding party of 800 men into central West Virginia to capture the strategic " fort " at Bulltown which overlooked an important crossing of the Little Kanawha River . The goal was to cut Federal communications between the Greenbrier and Kanawha Valleys . The Union garrison of roughly 400 men was commanded by Captain William Mattingly . The Union troops manned a " fort " of makeshift log barricades and shallow trenches which can still be seen today . Battle . Jackson approached Bulltown secretly . He divided his forces in an attempt to converge on the Union position from two different directions . The Confederates advanced at 4 : 30am on October 13 . They quickly captured the Federal picketts and would have taken the garrison by surprise but one Confederate , whether due to excitement or nervousness , fired his gun and alerted the Union troops . The Confederates advanced against the fort and a drawn out skirmish lasted until about 4 : 30pm , almost twelve hours after the battle began . Twice , Jackson sent a flag of truce with a surrender to demand to which Captain Mattingly replied " I will fight until Hell freezes over and then fight on the ice " . Jackson eventually retreated back towards the Greenbrier Valley . Casualties were very light considering the length of the battle . On the Union side there were no fatalities . Captain Mattingly was wounded in the thigh and there were some other slight wounds in the Federal camp . the Confederates lost 8 killed and a like number wounded . One civilian , Moses Cunningham , who owned the farm on which the majority of the battle took place , was wounded when he ran out of his house shouting " Hurrah for Jeff Davis " . Aftermath . The battle was the last significant Confederate offensive in West Virginia and the Confederate goals of disrupting the Federal communications were thwarted . References . 1 . Hardway , Ronald V . " On Our Own Soil : William Lowther Jackson and the Civil War in West Virginia ' s Mountains " Quarrier Press . October 3 , 2003
24th Infantry Division ( Poland ) Polish 24th Infantry Division ( ) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period , which took part in the Polish September Campaign . The Division was created in 1921 , and its first commandants were : General Jan Hempel ( until 1926 ) , General Waclaw Scewola - Wieczorkiewicz , Colonel Boleslaw Maria Krzyzanowski ( until September 9 , 1939 ) , and Colonel Boleslaw Schwarzenberg - Czerny ( in the final days of the September 1939 campaign ) . The 24th Division ' s headquarters were located in Jarosław , with some regiments stationed in nearby cities of Rzeszów and Przemyśl . It consisted of : Polish September Campaign . The 24th Division , commanded by Colonel Boleslaw Maria Krzyzanowski , remained in the first days of the war in reserve . On September 3 transported to the area of Tarnów and Dębica , where it was supposed to man the line Pilzno - Szynwald - Tuchów . Attached to the Karpaty Army , on September 6 it was engaged in havy fighting with advancing 4th Light Division of the Wehrmacht . In the evening of that day , General Kazimierz Fabrycy ordered the Division to withdraw towards the Wisłoka and defend the main west - east route from Kraków to Lwów . On September 7 , marching Polish units were ambushed by the Germans near Tuchów , who managed to destroy several battalions . After the attack , Colonel Boleslaw Maria Krzyzanowski lost his ability to command the Division and was replaced by Colonel Boleslaw Schwarzenberg - Czerny . Contrary to orders of General Fabrycy , the Division retreated further eastwards , towards the San . Between September 11 and 12 , 1939 , the Poles were engaged in heavy fighting with German Second Mountain Division near Bircza . The Germans managed to break Polish positions in the evening of September 12 , therefore southern wing of defence of Przemyśl was opened . Retreating towards Lwów , the 24th kept on repulsing German attacks , reaching Mosciska on September 15 . Two days later , General Kazimierz Sosnkowski , who commanded Polish troops in the area , ordered all units to break to Lwów . First groups of Polish soldiers reached the besieged city on September 17 in the evening . On September 18 , when news of Soviet attack on eastern Poland reached General Sosnkowski , he decided to change plans . Instead of breaking to Lwów , Sosnkowski ordered the soldiers to form small groups and try to reach Hungary . Heavy equipment and vehicles were destroyed , and those soldiers who did not wish to fight any more , were let go . Meanwhile , units of the 24th were fighting 5th Panzer Division in the area of Rzesna Ruska . Soon afterwards , Soviet tanks appeared around Lwów , and General Sosnkowski decided to dismiss the Division , which ceased to exist . Operation Tempest . The 24th Infantry Division was recreated in the summer of 1944 , during the Operation Tempest , as part of the Home Army .
12th Army Corps ( France ) 12th Army Corps ( ) was an army corps in the French Army . Commanded by Général Lebrun in the Franco - Prussian War then by General Galliffet from 1882 to 1886 . World War I . On the outbreak of the First World War it was subordinated to Fourth Army . It became part of the Tenth Army and was deployed in Italy from November 1917 .
Bureau of Colored Troops The Bureau of Colored Troops was created by the United States War Department on 22 May 1863 , under General Orders , No . 143 , during the Civil War , to handle " all matters relating to the organization of colored troops . " Major Charles W . Foster was chief of the Bureau , which reported to Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas . The designation United States Colored Troops replaced the varied state titles that had been given to the African American soldiers .