naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Kosmos 2473 Kosmos 2473 ( meaning " Cosmos 2473 " ) is a Russia n military communications satellite which was launched in 2011 by the Russian Space Forces . It is a Garpun ( meaning harpoon ) satellite , the new generation of communication relay satellites . Launch . Kosmos 2473 was launched from Site 81 / 24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . It was launched by a Proton - M carrier rocket with a Briz - M upper stage at 22 : 47 UTC on 20 September 2011 . The launch successfully placed the satellite into geosynchronous transfer orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2011 - 048A . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 37806 . Garpun . Kosmos 2473 is the first garpun satellite . Garpun , which have the GRAU index 14F136 , are the replacement for the Geizer satellites of the Potok data system . They transmit data from other satellites to ground station s . It was announced that the first launch would be in 2009 but it was delayed until 2011 . The last Geizer satellite was Kosmos 2371 which was launched in 2000 and stopped operating in 2009 .
68th Air Refueling Squadron The 68th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its was last assigned to the 305th Bombardment Wing at Bunker Hill Air Force Base , Indiana , where it was inactivated on 25 March 1965 . The earliest predecessor of the squadron was the 468th Bombardment Squadron , which served as a heavy bombardment training unit until it was disbanded in a reorganization of United States Army Air Forces units in the United States designed to conserve manpower needed in the overseas theaters . The 68th Air Refueling Squadron served with Strategic Air Command to extend the range of bombers assigned to the command as needed to perform their worldwide mission . It was discontinued in 1965 and its mission , personnel and equipment were transferred to the 305th Air Refueling Squadron . In 1985 the two squadrons were consolidated into a single unit , but have not been active since then . History . World War II . The 468th Bombardment Squadron was activated as a Consolidated B - 24 Liberator heavy bombardment squadron in July 1942 . The squadron was part of Second Air Force and served as an operational training unit ( OTU ) . The OTU program involved the use of an oversized parent unit to provide cadres to “ satellite groups ” . However , the United States Army Air Forces found that standard military units , based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were proving less well adapted to the mission . Accordingly a more functional system was adopted in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit . The squadron and its parent group were inactivated in 1944 and replaced by the 232d Army Air Forces Base Unit ( Development , Heavy ) as Dalhart Army Air Field prepared to transition to Boeing B - 29 Superfortress training . Strategic Air Command . The 68th Air Refueling Squadron was activated briefly in 1952 as a Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) air refueling squadron , but was apparently not manned before being inactivated seven weeks later . It was reactivated toward the end of 1953 and equipped with Boeing KC - 97 Stratotanker aircraft to support the Boeing B - 47 Stratojet medium bomber s of the 68th Bombardment Wing . In September 1957 , the squadron moved to Bunker Hill Air Force Base when SAC assumed responsibility for the base from Tactical Air Command . It was the first operational SAC unit at Bunker Hill . In 1959 the squadron upgraded to the jet Boeing KC - 135 Stratotanker in anticipation of the arrival of the 305th Bombardment Wing at Bunker Hill and the wing ' s conversion from B - 47s to the Convair B - 58 Hustler . The squadron was inactivated in 1965 and replaced by the 305th Air Refueling Squadron , which assumed its mission , personnel , and equipment . On 19 September 1985 the 68th Air Refueling Squadron was consolidated with the 468th Bombardment Squadron . The consolidated unit retains the designation of 68th Air Refueling Squadron , Heavy . Lineage . 468th Bombardment Squadron 68th Air Refueling Squadron
Risden Tyler Bennett Risden Tyler Bennett ( June 18 , 1840 – July 21 , 1913 ) was a Democratic U . S . Congressman from North Carolina between 1883 and 1887 . Biography . Born in Wadesboro , North Carolina , Bennett attended common schools and then Cumberland University , where he was a member of a chapter of St . Anthony Hall that became defunct after the Civil War . He studied law in Tennessee before enlisting in the Confederate Army in 1861 . During the war , he rose to the rank of colonel and was wounded three times , including at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 . He served in the brigade of Stephen D . Ramseur during the 1864 Overland Campaign . Following the war , Bennett was the solicitor of Anson County , North Carolina , in 1866 and 1867 . He was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives , serving from 1872 to 1874 . A delegate to the 1875 state constitutional convention , he was named to the state superior court in 1880 , serving for two year until his election to Congress . In 1882 , he was elected to the 48th United States Congress , and re - elected in 1884 to a second term . During the 49th Congress , he chaired the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of State . After leaving Congress , Bennett practiced law in Wadesboro , North Carolina , where he died in 1913 and is buried .
Kurt Launer Kurt Launer was a Sturmbannführer ( Major ) in the Waffen SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . This was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II .
Royal Oak - class ship of the line The " Royal Oak " - class ships of the line were a class of six 74 - gun third rate s , designed for the Royal Navy by Sir John Williams . The " Alfred " class were an enlarged version of the " Royal Oak " class .
Russian cruiser Diana ( 1899 ) The Diana was the second of three " Pallada " - class protected cruiser s built for the Imperial Russian Navy . The cruiser served as part of the First Pacific Squadron at Port Arthur during the Russo - Japanese War and took part in the Battle of the Yellow Sea on August 10 , 1904 . Later , she served as part of Russian Baltic Fleet during World War I but saw little action .
USNS Mission San Rafael ( T - AO - 130 ) SS " Mission San Rafael " was a Type T2 - SE - A2 tanker built for the United States Maritime Commission during World War II . After the war she was acquired by the United States Navy as USS " Mission San Rafael " ( AO - 130 ) . Later the tanker transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service as USNS " Mission San Rafael " ( T - AO - 130 ) . She was a member of the and was named for Mission San Rafael Arcángel , she was the only U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name . Service history . Originally laid down as SS " Mission San Rafael " on 25 September 1943 as a Maritime Commission type ( T2 - SE - A2 ) tanker hull under a Maritime Commission contract by the Marine Ship Corporation , Sausalito , California ; launched on 31 December 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . Edith S . Waterman ; and delivered on 22 March 1944 . Chartered to Los Angeles Tanker Operators , Inc . for operations on the same date , she spent the remainder of the war carrying fuel to U . S . forces in the western Pacific ( during which time she was awarded the National Defense Service Medal ) . She remained in this capacity until 25 April 1946 when she was transferred to the Maritime Commission and laid up in the Maritime Reserve Fleet at Olympia , Washington . Acquired by the Navy on 21 October 1947 she was chartered to Union Oil Company for operations and placed under the operational control of the Naval Transportation Service as " Mission San Rafael " ( AO - 130 ) . Transferred to the control of the newly created Military Sea Transportation Service ( MSTS ) on 1 October 1949 she was redesignated USNS " Mission San Rafael " ( T - AO - 130 ) . She remained with MSTS until 2 February 1955 when she was returned to MARAD and laid up in the Maritime Reserve Fleet at Olympia . She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 22 June 1955 . Reacquired by the Navy on 20 June 1956 she was once again placed in service with MSTS and was operated , under charter , by Marine Transport Lines . She served until 20 August 1959 when she was returned to MARAD and laid up in the Maritime Reserve Fleet at Suisun Bay , California . Reacquired by the Navy on 31 May 1960 she was placed in service with MSTS and operated , under charter , by Marine Transport Lines . Into 1969 , she was still serving with MSTS , carrying fuel to U . S . forces stationed overseas . The ship ' s final disposition is unknown .
Nakajima E4N The Nakajima E4N was a shipboard reconnaissance aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy in the 1930s . It was a two - seat , single - engine , equal - span biplane seaplane . Development . The first prototype of the Type 90 - 2 Reconnaissance Seaplane , or E4N1 , flew in 1930 . This was fitted with twin floats and had no cowling for the engine . This prototype was rejected . The type was completely redesigned as the Type 90 - 2 - 2 or E4N2 , with a single main - float and twin , wing - mounted outriggers and introduced a cowled engine . This entered production for the Navy in 1931 . A landplane version of the Type 90 - 2 - 2 was developed as the E4N2 - C with a tailwheel undercarriage Operational history . The E4N2 was employed as a shipboard spotter aircraft launched by catapult . In 1933 , nine E4N2 - C airframes were converted to P1 mail plane s . Single - seat landplanes with an enclosed cockpit , these were employed on night - mail services between the Japanese Home Islands . ( Navy Type 90 - 2 - 1 Reconnaissance Seaplane ) twin - float seaplane , Nakajima NZ - two prototypes only .
Battle of Song Be The Battle of Sông Bé was a major action between the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam ( Viet Cong ) and Army of the Republic of Vietnam ( ARVN ) in May 1965 . Planned as a major show of force against the ARVN forces , the NLF attempted to capture the fortified capital of Phuoc Long province , Song Be . Perhaps to their surprise , ARVN forces in the area rallied and re - took the town by the end of the second day of combat . Several additional days of chasing the NLF forces involved proved fruitless , as they escaped . Background . A series of political and military setbacks starting as early as 1962 had been gradually eroding the combat effectiveness of the ARVN forces , originally more than a match for the VC with their United States supplied helicopter s and armored personnel carrier s . The NLF forces had been left to train in relative safety and had developed new tactics and been supplied with new weapons that upset the balance of power . By 1964 ARVN morale was collapsing and the NLF was in nominal control of much of the countryside . To capitalize on this , the NLF was planning ever - larger operations . On April 16 , 1965 , the U . S . Special Forces SF B - 34 Detachment was sent to Song Be to reinforce the ARVN forces , joining an existing MACV team headquarters in the town . They set about building up a fortified area on a nearby hill and were joined by the POW intelligence team , 120 ARVN , and several light tanks manned by local militiamen . Battle . At 01 : 45 on May 10 , the NLF 761st and 763d Regiments consisting of two thousand five hundred infantry attacked the city from multiple directions , first using mortar barrages and then rushing in their forces . Even though the American positions were still being constructed , the special forces and 120 ARVN were able to stop them from overrunning their positions and the area of the town around them . Hung up on the defenses , many of the Viet Cong became easy targets for U . S . sniper s . At 03 : 45 helicopter gunship s arrived but were unable to see the ground because of fog and low clouds . They instead attacked supporting artillery ( likely 82mm mortars ) west of the town . Attempts to evacuate casualties from the U . S . positions in medivacs ( UH - 1C ' s ) were repeatedly driven off by 50 - caliber machine guns , until these were suppressed by F - 4 Phantoms using special cluster munitions . The machine guns silenced , the evacuation finally took place at 08 : 00 . Even though the U . S . base had been defended , much of the town had fallen to rebel control . They positioned machine gun and flamethrower units at almost every street corner . At noon , the 36th ARVN Ranger battalion brazenly attacked into the town , and drove off the VC occupying the center of the town , often resorting to melee combat using knives and sword s . This is surprising in some regards , since the Rangers were local irregular forces and generally had not performed well against the NLF in prior battles . They were joined a few hours later by the 34th ARVN Rangers , and by evening the entire town was returned to southern control .
HMCS Comox ( MCB 146 ) HMCS " Comox " ( MCB 146 ) was a built for the Royal Canadian Navy . Commissioned in 1954 , she was named for Comox Habour , a bay in British Columbia . She was decommissioned in 1957 and sold to Turkey as TCG " Tirebolu " .
Wiard rifle The Wiard rifle is a semi - steel light artillery piece invented by Norman Wiard . About 60 were manufactured between 1861 and 1862 , at O ' Donnell ' s Foundry , New York City : " although apparently excellent weapons , [ they ] do not seem to have been very popular " . Wiard described two calibers : a six - pounder rifle with a 2 . 6 inch bore and a twelve - pounder smooth bore with a 3 . 67 inch bore . The six - pounder ' s tube was 53 inches long , weighed 725 pounds and had an effective range ( at 35° ) of 7000 yards , with a standard powder charge of 0 . 75 lbs and 6 lb . Hotchkiss bolts . The Wiard rifle was cast in puddled wrought - iron ( semi - steel ) and was mounted in a special Wiard field carriage that was unique in its design . The rim base was spaced farther apart than any diameter of the tube , permitting unrestricted rotation on the trunnion s without interference from the undercarriage . Wiard altered the shape of the carriage ' s cheeks , relocated the axle and provided a long elevating screw ; this made firing at elevation of up to 35 degrees possible . It also meant that one carriage could slide beneath the next , allowing for more efficient storage and transportation . Other innovations included a flat trail plate with a metal keel ( preventing the rifle digging itself in the ground upon recoil ) , and a better system for braking the carriage without damaging the iron tires .
Shvetsov M - 25 The Shvetsov M - 25 was an aircraft radial engine produced in the Soviet Union ( USSR ) in the 1930s and 40s , a licensed production variant of the Wright R - 1820 - F3 . Design and development . The first M - 25s were produced from kits imported from the United States ; the main difference between the later M - 25 and the R - 1820 - F3 was the use of metric components . 13 , 888 M - 25s were produced in the USSR at factories in Perm and Kazan . There were a number of sub - variants which differed from the original M - 25 in that they had reduction gears , rather than direct drive . Performance was similar to the equivalent Wright engines . The M - 25 was later developed into the ASh - 62 and was later used as a pattern for the M - 70 . The M - 70 , a twin - row 18 - cylinder engine , eventually developed into the ASh - 73 which powered the Tupolev Tu - 4 , a reverse - engineered copy of the Boeing B - 29 .
Estácio de Sá Estácio de Sá ( 1520 – 1567 ) was a Portuguese soldier and officer who went to the colony of Brazil , on orders of the Portuguese crown , to wage war on the French colonists commanded by Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon . These French colonists had established themselves in 1555 at Guanabara Bay in Rio de Janeiro , in a settlement known as " France Antarctique " . He was the founder of Rio de Janeiro , now the second largest city in Brazil . Biography . Born in Santarém , Portugal in 1520 , Estácio de Sá was the nephew of the Governor General of the colony of Brazil , Mem de Sá . He arrived with two galleons at Salvador , Bahia , in 1564 . In 1565 , after extensive preparations and the help of Jesuits , such as Manuel da Nóbrega and José de Anchieta , he departed by sea from São Vicente , São Paulo , the first Portuguese settlement in Brazil , with an attack force . On March 1 , he founded the city of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro near the Sugarloaf Mountain and established the basis of his military operations against the French and their Aboriginal allies . After receiving reinforcements sent by sea by his uncle from Salvador , Sá commanded a definitive and successful attack on the fortification of Uruçú - mirim on 20 January 1567 . He died , however , on 20 February , of wounds inflicted by an arrow which had perforated his eye . Sá was interred in the church of Saint Sebastian in the encampment he had founded . As the city of Rio de Janeiro grew , his remains were relocated to a new church of Saint Sebastian in the Castelo . His remains were rediscovered in 1839 by several scholars working for Emperor Pedro II , and , in 1862 , when the church was being rebuilt , some of his bones were exhumed in the presence of the emperor and placed in a " worthy urn " . Legacy . As the founder of Rio de Janeiro , Estácio de Sá is honored by the names of many locations and institutions in Brazil . A brief list follows :
22nd Infantry Division Cacciatori delle Alpi The 22nd Infantry Division Cacciatori delle Alpi was an infantry division of the Italian Army during World War II . The " Cacciatori delle Alpi " was mobilized for war in June 1939 , and as part of the Italian 1st Army took part in the Italian invasion of France . It then took part in the Greco - Italian War in the Italian 11th Army . It was later moved to the Balkans stationed in Albania , Montenegro , Dalmatia and finally Slovenia where after the Italian surrender to the Allies in September 1943 , the Division surrendered to the German and Croatian forces . Operation Trio . The Division took part in Operation Trio between the 8 April – 14 June 1942 , which was an anti partisan operation in Croatia with the objective of destroying partisan and Chetnik forces . Operation Foca . The Division was also involved in Operation Foča between 5 – 12 May 1942 . This operation was a follow on from Operation Trio with the objective of destroying the forces in East Bosnia that had been forced into the Foča area by Operation Trio .
HMS Britannia ( 1682 ) HMS " Britannia " was a 100 - gun first rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built by Phineas Pett II at Chatham Dockyard , and launched in 1682 . In 1705 took on his bord Charles III of Spain on its way to Cataluna In 1715 , " Britannia " was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt at Woolwich Dockyard , from where she relaunched on 30 October 1719 , again as a 100 - gun first rate . " Britannia " was placed on harbour service in 1745 , and was broken up in 1749 .
Battle of Edessa The Battle of Edessa took place between the armies of the Roman Empire under the command of Emperor Valerian and Sassanid forces under Shahanshah ( King of the Kings ) Shapur I in 260 . The Roman army was defeated and captured in its entirety by the Persian forces , including Valerian himself . Prelude . Prior to the battle , Shapur I had penetrated several times deeply into Roman territory conquering and plundering Antioch in Syria in 253 or 256 . After defeating the usurper Aemilianus and assuming the purple for himself , Valerian arrived in the eastern provinces as soon as he could ( 254 or 255 ) and gradually restored order . However , soon he had to confront a naval Gothic invasion on northern Asia Minor . The Goths ravaged Pontus and moved south into Cappadocia . An attempt from Valerian and his army in Antiocheia to intercept them , failed because of the plague . While his army was in that weakened state , Shapur invaded northern Mesopotamia in 260 , probably in early spring . Battle . Emperor Valerian marched eastward to the Sassanid borders . According to Shapur ' s account , he met the main Persian army under command of the King Shapur I , between Carrhae and Edessa and was thoroughly defeated and captured with his entire army . According to the Roman sources , which are not very clear , the Roman army was defeated and besieged by the Persian forces . Then Valerian tried to negotiate but he was captured and it is possible that his army surrendered after that . The prisoners included , according to Shapur ' s claims , many other high ranking officials , including a praetorian prefect . Aftermath . Some scholars claim Shapur sent Valerian and some of his army to the city of Bishapur , where they lived in relatively good conditions . Shapur used the remaining soldiers in engineering and development plans . " Band - e Kaisar " ( Caesar ' s dam ) is one of the remnants of Roman engineering located near the ancient city of Susa . According to a later and less reliable source ( Lactantius ) , Shapur humiliated Valerian , using the former emperor as a human stepping - stool while mounting his horse . Valerian ' s body was later skinned and stuffed with manure to produce a trophy of Roman submission preserved in a Persian temple . Following Valerian ' s capture , Shapur raided Cilicia but he was finally repulsed by a Roman force that was rallied by Macrianus , Callistus and Odenathus of Palmyra . Macrianus proclaimed his sons Macrianus and Quietus , as Emperors while in the Balkans , Ingenuus and Regalianus revolted too , only to be defeated by an army sent by Gallienus , the son of the captured Emperor Valerian .
Sarsawa Air Force Station Sarsawa Air Force Station is located approximately from Saharanpur City , Uttar Pradesh , India . It belongs to the Western Air Command . Though the sole user of this airport is the Indian Air Force , it does handle civilian flights on a regular basis for VIP transport to Saharanpur . Under No . 30 Wing IAF , residents in 2011 included No . 117 and 152 Helicopter Units flying Mil Mi - 17 s . There have been plans to operate scheduled civilian flights from this airport . Unscheduled flights have been operating from this airport on regular basis since long time .
Kosmos 2395 Kosmos 2395 ( meaning " Cosmos 2395 " ) is one of a set of three Russia n military satellites launched in 2002 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system . It was launched with Kosmos 2394 and Kosmos 2396 . This satellite is a GLONASS satellite , also known as Uragan , and is numbered Uragan No . 792 . Kosmos 2394 / 5 / 6 were launched from Site 81 / 23 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 07 : 37 UTC on 25 December 2002 . The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2002 - 060C . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 27619 . It was in the third orbital plane in orbital slot 21 . It is no longer part of the GLONASS constellation .