naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
60th Bombardment Squadron The 60th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron is an active United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 43d Bombardment Wing . It was last inactivated at Andersen Air Force Base , Guam on 30 April 1990 . History . Constituted as a very long range weather squadron in 1947 , flew RB / WB - 29 Superfortress monitoring weather patters over the Eastern and Northern Pacific ocean , coordinating with the MATS Air Weather Service . Inactivated in 1949 due to budget reductions . Reactivated in 1952 as a Strategic Air Command RB - 36 Peacemaker strategic reconnaissance squadron ; flew very long range intelligence gathering missions until 1959 when it became a B - 52G Stratofortress heavy bomb squadron . Stood nuclear alert between 1959 – 1971 with the B - 52G , was equipped with the AGM - 28 Hound Dog cruise missile . Squadron reassigned to Andersen AFB , Guam in 1971 when Ramey AFB was closed and reassigned to the 43d wing and re - equipped with the B - 52D , configured for conventional bombing . From Andersen AFB , the squadron engaged in combat operations over Indochina flying Arc Light , Linebacker I and Linebacker II bombing missions over North Vietnam until 1973 . Squadron remained on alert after the Vietnam War on Guam ; re - equipped with B - 52Gs in 1983 . Remained on alert throughout the balance of the Cold War , inactivating in 1990 and the cessation of permanent aircraft stationing on Guam . Redesignated as the 60th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron , and converted to provisional status , on 22 Jul 2010 . For World War II era 60th Bombardment Squadron , see ; 960th Airborne Air Control Squadron .
Consolidated XPB3Y The Consolidated XPB3Y was a proposed extra - long - range flying boat for patrol and bombardment missions , developed from the earlier PB2Y Coronado . The United States Navy ordered the construction of a prototype on April 2 , 1942 . On November 4 of the same year , however , the aircraft was cancelled due to the higher priority accorded to other Consolidated projects .
Ernst Blauensteiner Ernst Blauensteiner ( 16 May 1911 – 18 August 1995 ) was a highly decorated Oberst i . G . in the Fallschirmjäger during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Battle of Tampa The Battle of Tampa was a minor engagement of the American Civil War fought June 30 – July 1 , 1862 , between the United States Navy and a Confederate artillery company charged with protecting the ports of Tampa , a small but notable trade hub for the Confederacy , now facing a full - scale Union naval blockade along the Atlantic and Gulf Coast s . Background . By the summer of 1862 , plans were in place in Washington to further tighten this blockade by capturing major ports throughout the Confederacy , " à la " New Orleans , which was captured in April 1862 , as well as other towns along the Mississippi River ( most notably Vicksburg ) . It was common knowledge among the Union ' s chief military strategists that the sooner the blockade could effectively seal off the Confederacy from any level of commerce , the sooner the import - dependent Confederates would quickly be forced to surrender , lacking the materiel necessary to sustain a war of attrition , as the Union infantry would ultimately have to attempt to put on the Confederacy at various points in the war . Battle action . On June 30 , a Union gunboat came into Tampa Bay , opened her ports , and turned her broadside on the town . The gunboat then launched a dispatch carrying 20 men led by Lieutenant A . J . Drake under a flag of truce demanding the surrender of Tampa . The Confederates refused , and the gunboat opened fire . Drake then informed the Confederates that shelling would commence at 18 : 00 after allowing time to evacuate non - combatant s from the city . Firing continued sporadically into the afternoon of July 1 , when the Federal gunboat withdrew . Aftermath . The Battle of Tampa could be called a Confederate victory , but ultimately one of little or no consequence . As it turned out , the Union had relatively little trouble defeating the disorganized Rebel forces in the Western Theater , and within a year of the Battle of Tampa , the capture of Vicksburg , MS , cemented Union control of the Mississippi River , severely compromising the Confederacy ' s already limited infrastructure far more than a successful Florida Campaign ever could . The Battle of Fort Brooke was another small fought in Tampa the following October . In this engagement , Union forces landed and destroyed Confederate blockade runners hidden up the Hillsborough River .
CARVER matrix The CARVER matrix was developed by the United States special operations forces during the Vietnam War . CARVER is an acronym that stands for Criticality , Accessibility , Recuperability , Vulnerability , Effect and Recognizability and is a system to identify and rank specific targets so that attack resources can be efficiently used . History . During the Vietnam war the US special forces required a system of target acquisition that would rank potential targets according to a scale . During the war the CARVER matrix system was developed to fulfil those needs . It has been recently used in targeting Filipino insurgence groups like Jemaah Islamiyah . Using the system . This system has been developed in order to aid Special Operations Forces ( SOF ) and more recently Department of Energy ( DOE ) , Department of State ( DOS ) , and various private and commercial security assets , in target selection and Risk / Vulnerability assessments by calculating the value of a given potential target and the ease with which such a target could be neutralized . Or in other words , it ' s a logical way of looking at what one might want to do and whether or not it is possible , based on the resources one has to work with . These factors are also the acronym of the system name CARVER : Criticality , Accessibility , Recuperability , Vulnerability , Effect and Recognizability . In the offensive , employing the Carver matrix can help identify targets that are vulnerable to attack and for defensive purposes the Carver matrix can indicate " High Risk " targets that require additional security assets allotted to them to prevent the degradation of said assets via enemy assault or terrorist action . In the below table is an example of such a matrix that uses the CARVER system for striking a Water sanitation center : Looking at the table , the target with the highest score is the " Sanitation processors " which have a score total of 18 . Thus , using the system , more attack resources ( time , money , tools , personnel etc . ) should be assigned to hit the Sanitation processors . Other users . While designed for the military the CARVER matrix can be used for a variety of other purposes including management and setting goals . As long as you have a clear set goal in mind you can apply the system to anything . For example a manager of a gym wants to increase his sales and membership numbers thus using the Matrix system : So again looking at the score we can see that starting an aggressive members referral plan would be the best option according to the matrix . Carver matrix in archaeology . Martin Carver also developed a system that he named after himself called the Carver matrix . Similar to the Harris matrix Martin Carver ' s system was a Carver matrix seriation diagram , known as the Carver matrix . This diagram , which is based on the Harris matrix , is designed to represent the time lapse in use of recognizable archaeological entities such as floors and pits .
HMS San Antonio ( 1762 ) San Antonio was a 64 - gun ship of the line of the Spanish Navy . On 13 August 1762 she was captured by the Royal Navy , and commissioned as the Third Rate HMS " San Antonio " . Fate . " San ANtonio " was sold out of the navy in 1775 .
HMAS Olive Cam HMAS " Olive Cam " was an auxiliary minesweeper operated by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) during World War II . She was launched in 1920 by Cook , Welton & Gemmell at Beverley as " Nodzu " . The ship operated in Australian waters from 1929 , and was requisitioned by the RAN on 3 September 1939 . She was returned to her owners in 1946 before being wrecked near Green Cape Lighthouse , Eden , New South Wales on 2 November 1954 with the loss of three lives . Operational history . " Nodzu " was purchased by Cam & Sons Pty Ltd and sailed to Sydney , Australia in 1929 and was renamed " Olive Cam " . In September 1939 , " Olive Cam " was requisitioned by the RAN for use as an auxiliary and commissioned on 6 October 1939 . During the war , " Olive Cam " was based in Freemantle with Minesweeping Group 66 and operated along the West Australian coastline . She was part of the search for which was lost on 19 November 1941 . She was returned to her owners in 1946 . On 2 November 1954 , she was wrecked near Green Cape Lighthouse , Eden , New South Wales with the loss of three lives .
Alpha Draco The Alpha Draco missile , also known as Weapons System 199D ( WS - 199D ) , was an experimental missile developed by McDonnell Aircraft in the late 1950s to investigate boost - glide reentry . Three test flights were conducted in 1959 , of which two were successful . Design and development . As part of the WS - 199 project to develop new strategic weapons for the United States Air Force ' s Strategic Air Command , McDonnell Aircraft developed the Alpha Draco missile between 1957 and 1959 . The purpose of the rocket was to establish whether a strategic missile using the " boost - glide " principle of propulsion could be practically used . The Alpha Draco missile was a two - stage vehicle , the first stage comprising a Thiokol TX - 20 solid - fuel rocket of the type used in the MGM - 29 Sergeant theatre ballistic missile , and the second stage using a Thiokol TX - 30 solid - fuel rocket . The payload vehicle was aerodynamically shaped , using the lifting body principle to provide aerodynamic lift ; following burnout of the first stage , the vehicle would coast for a short time before ignition of the second stage , burnout of the second stage was followed by the vehicle entering the glide phase of flight , which would be terminated by a dive upon the target . Operational history . Three test launches of the Alpha Draco vehicle were conducted during 1959 , the missile being launched from a land - based gantry . The initial flight , on February 16 , was successful ; the second flight , one month later , also fulfilled its test goals . The final launch of the Alpha Draco on April 30 , however , suffered a flight - control failure and was destroyed by range safety command . With the expenditure of the third and final vehicle , the program came to a halt , the project ' s cost having come to a total of approximately $ 5 million USD , the knowledge gained in the project proving invaluable to the development of re - entry vehicles for future intercontinental ballistic missiles .
USS Aquamarine ( PYc - 7 ) USS " Aquamarine " ( PYc - 7 ) was a patrol boat in the United States Navy during World War II . Later known as Miss Ann , the ship was listed on the U . S . National Register of Historic Places in 1998 . " Aquamarine " was built in 1925 by Pusey and Jones Corporation , Wilmington , Delaware under the name " Siele " , the private yacht of John H . French . In 1936 she was sold to Robert H . Wolfe , of Columbus , Ohio , and renamed " Seawolf " . " Seawolf " was bought by the Navy on 13 January 1941 , and commissioned on 9 April 1941 , Lieutenant G . A . Lange in command . She was named for the gemstone aquamarine . Service history . US Navy , 1941 – 1946 . Assigned to the Naval Research Laboratory , Bellevue , D . C . , " Aquamarine " assisted in experimental work , chiefly underwater sound . Although most of her experiments were conducted on the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay , she also operated off New London , Connecticut , from 16 October to 4 November 1943 , and off the Florida coast and in the Bahamas from 24 January 1944 to 18 April 1945 . During 1945 and 1946 " Aquamarine " had additional duty as special tender to the presidential yachts and . " Aquamarine " was decommissioned on 21 June 1946 and transferred to the Maritime Commission on 31 January 1947 for disposal . Private ownership , 1947 – 2008 . She was sold to Colonel E . M . Grimm of Columbus , Ohio , in 1947 , and her name changed back to " Seawolf " . She was sold in 1954 to Ennolls A . Stephens of Irvington , Virginia , owner of The Tides Inn , Irvington , and renamed " Miss Ann " . In 2008 , " Miss Ann " was sold to private interests who placed her in Charter Service on the Potomac River . She is currently located at the Colonial Beach Yacht Club in Colonial Beach , Virginia .
A Sầu Valley The A Shau valley ( Vietnamese : " thung lũng A Sầu " ) is a valley in Vietnam ' s , Thừa Thiên province , west of the coastal city of Huế , along the border of Laos . The valley runs north and south for twenty - five miles and is a mile - wide flat bottomland covered with tall elephant grass , flanked by two strings of densely forested mountains that vary from three to six thousand feet . A Shau Valley was one of the key entry points into South Vietnam for men and materiel brought along the Ho Chi Minh Trail by the Communist North Vietnamese Army and was the scene of heavy fighting , especially against American soldiers , during the Vietnam War .
Rochdale Castle Rochdale Castle was a motte - and - bailey castle in Rochdale , Greater Manchester , England ( ) . It was built in the period shortly after the Norman conquest of England . The motte is at the base ; the bailey is rectangular and lies to the south and measures by . The defences consisted of an earth rampart and ditch . The castle was abandoned in the early 13th century . It was documented in 1322 . Buildings have been erected over the castle bailey and in the 19th century a house was built on the motte .
No . 42 Squadron ( Finland ) No . 42 Squadron ( or " LLv . 42 " , from 3 May 1942 " Le . Lv . 42 " ) , renamed No . 42 Bomber Squadron ( Finnish : " Pommituslentolaivue 42 " or " PLe . Lv . 42 " on 14 February 1944 ) was a bomber squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II . The squadron was part of Flying Regiment 4 . Organization . Winter War . The Squadron was equipped with 12 Bristol Blenheim Is . Continuation War . The equipment consisted of 18 Bristol Blenheim Mk . Is , later equipped with Blenheim Mk . IVs .
CCGS Terry Fox CCGS " Terry Fox " is a Canadian Coast Guard Heavy Gulf ( and Arctic ) icebreaker . Named after the late cancer research activist Terry Fox , the vessel was built in 1983 as MV " Terry Fox " by Burrard Yarrows Corporation in Vancouver , British Columbia . " Terry Fox " , along with her sister ship MV " Arctic Kalvik " supported Gulf Oil ' s operations in the Beaufort Sea during the 1980s . Not limited to escorting tankers through ice , these multipurpose ships were designed to act as heavy tugs and supply vessels to support offshore oil rig platforms in a hostile environment . History . " Terry Fox " was acquired by the Canadian Coast Guard in 1992 and renamed CCGS " Terry Fox " . Classed as a " Heavy Gulf Icebreaker " by the coast guard , she is stationed at CCG Base Southside in St . John ' s , Newfoundland and operates in the Gulf of St . Lawrence during the winter ice season and in Canada ' s eastern Arctic during the summer shipping season , assisting in escorting the annual Arctic summer sealift to coastal communities . The vessel was transferred from the CCG Base Dartmouth in Dartmouth , Nova Scotia on April 1 , 2008 . " Terry Fox " is scheduled for decommossioning in 2020 . Other CCG Icebreakers . " Terry Fox " is the sister ship to ( formerly " Arctic Kalvik " ) .
Francisco Xavier da Silva Pereira , 1st Count of Antas Francisco Xavier da Silva Pereira , 1st Count of Antas , ( Valença ; 14 March 1793 - Lisbon ; 20 May 1852 ) was a Portuguese nobleman and a leading soldier of the period of the Liberal Wars . Life . The son of a military family , he served in the Peninsular War against Napoleon as an officer in the first battalion of the " Leal Legião Lusitana " , serving in the battles of Albuera , Bussaco , Nive , Nivelle , Salamanca , Vitoria , Orthez and Toulouse , for several of which he was decorated . He was prominent among those who opposed the absolutist government of the usurper Dom Miguel . He took part in the Chartist rebellion against Miguel at Porto in May 1828 , and subsequently escaped to England to place himself under the authority of Dom Pedro , the ex - Emperor of Brazil , who was organizing resistance on behalf of his daughter , the legitimate Queen Maria II . In August , Silva Pereira sailed to Madeira as part of a contingent sent to strengthen the forces of the governor , José Travassos Valdez , who was holding out for the Queen , but Madeira was almost immediately captured by Miguel ' s forces and Silva Pereira joined Travassos Valdez in the evacuation of the Queen ' s supporters to England . He then served in Dom Pedro ' s forces in the recapture of the Azores and the Portuguese Civil War of 1832 – 34 in which the Miguelites were defeated . In 1835 he was named Baron das Antas , becoming Viscount in 1836 and Count in 1838 . In 1836 he was the General in command of the Portuguese Expeditionary Force that was sent to aid the Queen of Spain during the Carlist Wars . Recalled in September 1837 because of the revolt of the Chartist Marshals , he held the balance of military power but adhered to the legitimate government of Maria II and defeated the insurrection at the Battle of Ruivães on 20 September 1837 . During the Patuleia or Little Civil War of 1847 – 48 he was head of the revolutionary Junta of Porto .
Hansa Bay Hansa Bay is a bay located on the north coast of Papua New Guinea , in Madang Province , between Madang and Wewak , north east of Bogia . World War II history . During the New Guinea campaign , Hansa Bay was a major Japanese naval base and transit station , between the Wewak region and south eastern bases . The airfields and encampment s of Awar and Nubia were also located nearby On 12 June 1944 the Australian 35th Battalion reached Hansa Bay , pushing inland to the Sepik River . The abandonment of Japanese stores made it one of the largest arms dumps captured in the New Guinea campaign to that date . The extensive number of marine and aircraft engagements in the area during World War II , resulted in many wrecks , which are still to be found . These include approximately 35 shipwrecks , which are popular with recreational divers . Wrecks in the area include :
Kurt Küppers Leutnant Kurt Küppers was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Biography . Kurt Küppers was born in 1894 , birthplace unknown . An early interest in aviation led him to gain pilot ' s license No . 492 , granted on 22 August 1913 . Küppers was serving in the " Luftstreitkräfte " when World War I began . However , his first known assignment was as a pilot of two - seater reconnaissance aircraft in the vicinity of Dunkirk in 1916 . After that , he served on the Eastern Front with " Flieger - Abteilung " ( Flier Detachment ) 45 , a recon unit . Although it goes unmentioned in records , he must have undergone fighter pilot ' s training , because his next posting was to a fighter squadron , " Jagdstaffel 6 " , in March 1917 . Between 16 March and 12 July 1917 , he scored four aerial victories . However , in August 1917 , Küppers transferred to " Kampfstaffel " ( Tactical Bomber Squadron ) 14 as a bomber pilot ; there he flew a Gotha bomber to convey his friend Fritz Lorenz on several raids on England . Küppers returned to " Jasta " 6 in October . He scored his fifth credited aerial victory on 23 November 1917 . On 16 December 1917 , he was tasked to form and command a new fighter squadron , " Jagdstaffel 48 " . On March 1918 , he scored his sixth and final victory . He remained in command of " Jasta " 48 until he was relieved from combat on 23 August 1918 . Having won the Iron Cross First Class , Kurt Küppers survived World War I to slip into obscurity . He is known to have died on 24 June 1971 .
Operation Nicety Operation Nicety was an operation in September 1942 during the Second World War by the Sudan Defence Force . It was designed to support the raiding forces taking part in Operation Agreement , Operation Caravan and Operation Brevity . The objective of the operation was the seizure of the Jalo oasis in the Libyan desert , to support the withdrawal of the forces involved in the other operations . The operation was a failure : the Germans had discovered the plans for all four operations on the body of a dead officer taking part in Operation Agreement . Forewarned , the garrison at Jalo had been warned and reinforced which easily repelled the attack on the night 15 – 16 September .
155 mm Creusot Long Tom The 155 mm Creusot Long Tom was a French field gun ( artillery piece ) manufactured by Schneider et Cie in Le Creusot , France and used by the Boers in the Second Boer War . The guns had a De Bange - type breech . Second Boer War . Four guns , along with 4 , 000 common shells , 4 , 000 shrapnel shells and 800 case shot were purchased by the South African Republic ( informally known as the Transvaal ) in 1897 . The guns were emplaced in forts around Pretoria . During the Second Boer War the guns were deployed as field guns and siege guns at Vaal Krantz , Ladysmith , Mafeking , Kimberley and Bergendal . During the early stages of the war these guns gave the Boers an advantage as they had longer range than any British guns that were deployed in South Africa at the time . After all their ammunition had been expended , the guns were destroyed one by one , to prevent them from falling into British hands . Long Tom shells are incorporated in the Honoured Dead Memorial in Kimberley , commemorating those who fell in the town ' s defence , where they surround the gun called Long Cecil ( built in Kimberley during the siege by George Labram , and a catalyst in the Boers bringing Long Tom to the siege ) . Replicas of the original cannons can be seen at various places in South Africa , including Fort Klapperkop near Pretoria , in the Long Tom Pass in Mpumalanga , The Anglo - Boer War Museum in Bloemfontein ( formerly the War Museum of the Boer Republics ) and next to the town hall in Ladysmith .
USS Courtney ( SP - 375 ) The first USS " Courtney " ( SP - 375 ) was a patrol vessel and minesweeper in commission in the United States Navy from 1917 - 1919 . " Courtney " was built in 1912 by Jackson and Sharpe , Boatbuilders of Wilmington , Delaware , as " Warren J . Courtney " , a wooden - hulled steam fishing vessel of the " Menhaden Fisherman " design . The U . S . Navy acquired her from the C . E . Davis Packing Company of Reedville , Virginia , on 28 May 1917 for World War I service . She was designated SP - 375 , but before she could be put into commission as USS " Warren J . Courtney " the Navy shortened her compound name to the surname only under the terms of General Order No . 314 promulgated on 28 July 1917 . She thus was commissioned at the Norfolk Navy Yard at Portsmouth , Virginia , on 10 August 1917 , as USS " Courtney " ( SP - 375 ) . Intended for service as a convoy escort and patrol craft for " distant service , " " Courtney " was fitted out and then sailed for France . She convoyed and escorted transports and supply ship s , operating out of Brest , France , as a unit of the Patrol Force , until operational difficulties — unseaworthiness — resulted in the restriction of the " Menhaden Fisherman " trawlers to minesweeping and coastal duties . Thus , " Courtney " operated as a minesweeper for the rest of her career and through the end of World War I on 11 November 1918 . " Courtney " departed Brest for the United States with minesweeper and other vessels on 27 April 1919 . Although weather conditions appeared favorable , a storm developed shortly after their departure . The ships headed back toward Brest , but in the heavy seas , " Courtney " and " Otis W . Douglas " sank on 27 April . " Courtney " was struck from the Naval Vessel Register the same day .