naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Maddox ( DD - 622 ) USS " Maddox " ( DD - 622 ) , a " Gleaves " - class destroyer , was the 2nd ship of the United States Navy to be named after United States Marine Corps Captain William A . T . Maddox , a hero in the Mexican - American War . " Maddox " was laid down 7 May 1942 by the Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company , Kearny , New Jersey ; launched 15 September 1942 ; sponsored by Mrs . Ellen - Venita Browning Wilhoit Gay , great granddaughter of Captain Maddox ; and commissioned 31 October 1942 , Lieutenant Commander Eugene S . Sarsfield in command . After shakedown , " Maddox " departed New York 2 January 1943 for Norfolk , Virginia where she commenced escort duties . Following her first two convoy missions , safeguarding fleet oiler s plying between Norfolk and the petroleum centers of Galveston , Texas and Aruba , " Maddox " began a series of trans - Atlantic voyages escorting convoys from New York and Norfolk to north Africa . On 8 June 1943 , " Maddox " departed Norfolk for Oran , Algeria , where she became a unit of Task Force 81 ( TF81 ) , the assault force for the Sicilian invasion . As the assault troops opened the Amphibious Battle of Gela on 10 July , " Maddox " was on antisubmarine patrol about 16 miles offshore . A 0458 hours , according to Lieutenant W . R . Laird , Jr ( on the Maddox ' s bridge ) , the destroyer and the British submarine HMS Safari were attacked by Italian Stuka dive bombers that had cut their engines and dived keeping the sun behind them in order to achieve maximum surprise . The Stuka from " 121 Gruppo " that sank Maddox dropped four bombs , the first landed in the water , the second two hit the fantail and detonated the powder ammunition magazine and the last bomb hit in the water by the side of the ship . The Maddox sank in 90 seconds , 70 men survived , but 212 men went down with the ship including her captain . The USS Sentinel ( a picket ship ) was hit by Luftwaffe aircraft , and sank a short time later . Besides the Maddox and the Sentinel sunk of Gela , the American tank landing ship , LST 313 was sunk and another set on fire during the Anglo - American landings and the British hospital ship Talamba and American transport ship Robert Rowan sunk in follow up raids . Lt . Comdr . Sarsfield was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for heroism displayed in supervising abandon ship . His action was responsible for saving the lives of 74 of the crew . In total , the Luftwaffe conducted 370 sorties on the first day of the landings and the Regia Aeronautica completed a further 141 missions . " Maddox " was struck from the Navy list 19 August 1943 . " Maddox " received two battle star s for World War II service . References . Keith Andrew Steele was one of the 74 survivors . The survivors not only survived the sinking , but survived strafing from the plane that sunk them . The survivors swam in shark infested waters for 17 hours before being rescued .
Basic Military Training Centre The Basic Military Training Centre ( abbreviation : BMTC ; Chinese : 基本军事训练中心 ) is a military training facility located in Ladang , Pulau Tekong , in Singapore . Comprising four schools , it is the Basic Military Training ground for the majority of recruits in the Singapore Armed Forces . List of Companies . BMTC School 3 . " Starting from the 05 / 09 batch , the following companies will be under a newly formed school 3 " Facilities . The new BMTC houses the latest generation of military training facilities , which are being progressively introduced across the island . This includes facilities such as a dedicated 5 - storey block for each company , air - conditioned smart lecture rooms , elevators , air - conditioned gymnasiums , and a shooting range simulator . Co - located in the training ground are various training sheds of various sizes customised to fit platoons or entire companies . There are also rifle , grenade and Battle Inoculation Course ranges . In addition , there are sports facilities and supporting amenities such as a medical centre , canteens , auditoriums , an SAF E - Mart outlet , the Infantry Heritage Centre and Total Defence Museum . All buildings in the Ladang complex are connected by sheltered walkways , and are linked to the ferry terminal for transportation to the main island . It is also easily accessible to pre - existing training facilities in the rest of the island , with the Tekong Highway just north of the training complex . Located near to the ferry terminal is a statue known as the National Service Landmark , depicting a life - sized infantry soldier with the Singapore Armed Forces Flag , which was unveiled by Dr Tony Tan on the same day of the training centre ' s official opening .
Kosmos 1687 Kosmos 1687 ( meaning " Cosmos 1687 " ) is a Soviet US - K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1985 as part of the Soviet military ' s Oko programme . The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors . Kosmos 1687 was launched from Site 16 / 2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR . A Molniya - M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch , which took place at 19 : 23 UTC on 30 September 1985 . The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 1985 - 088A . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 16103 .
Tomislav Sertić Tomislav Sertić ( 21 December 1902 – 27 September 1945 ) was a member of the Croatian World War II Ustaše regime in charge of the Independent State of Croatia during World War II . He was born in Udbina on 21 December 1902 . He finished business school in Dubrovnik , and further completed military training in Belgrade in 1923 . He later served in the army of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia where he gained the rank of Major in 1939 . In 1941 he became the commanding officer of the 1st Ustaša Regiment . In 1944 he became a Domobran general . He was suspected of participating in the Lorković - Vokić coup in 1944 , which attempted to align the state with the Allied powers . Unlike some others , he was not arrested . At war ' s end he was captured by the British and delivered to Partisans and on 27 September 1945 was executed by order of a military court in Belgrade , in spite of the appeal of Archbishop A . Stepinac . According the British F . O . document R . 16394 ( Deakin ' s telegram nr . 1729 from Belgrade ) not a war criminal . Sertić was awarded the honorary title of Vitez ( " knight " ) upon receiving the Order of the Crown of King Zvonimir , and as such the title is often included with his name .
Sparapet Sparapet ( ) was a hereditary military rank that originated in the 2nd century BC , under the reign of King Artashes I , and was used in the Kingdom of Armenia and the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia ( in Cilicia , the bearer of the title was known as a Constable ; ) , was supreme commander of the armed forces . It was the equivalent of the Parthian Spahbod ( cf . Georgian " spaspet " " high constable , commander in chief " ) . The House of Mamikonian traditionally held the title the first centuries of the rule of the Arsacid kings of Armenia until their weakening and eventual settlement in the Byzantine Empire in the 8th century , when Bagratuni and Artsruni feudal lords adopted the rank . See սպարապետ for etymology . Modern usage . After his assassination , Armenian Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan was referred to as the Sparapet in some popular songs , such as Alla Levonyan ' s " Sparapet " , in reference to his military leadership in Nagorno - Karabakh . The title is also used for the Grand Commander of the Knights of Vartan , an Armenian - American fraternal order . The title was held by Alex Manoogian during his leadership of that organization .
Red Tag Bastards Red Tag Bastards ( aka RTB ) is a nickname used for every red - colored class year of cadets at the United States Air Force Academy . Each class year is assigned one of four rotating colors – yellow , blue , silver , and red , in that order – to identify it , the new incoming class being assigned the color of the last graduating class . The " Red Tag " comes from the bright red " Remove Before Flight " tags hung from dysfunctional parts on grounded military aircraft . The epithet originated in 1962 as an insult , but it stuck nonetheless . Each class as Basic Cadets during Basic Cadet Training sports their official color on their USAFA - issued lanyards , belts , and caps . The upperclassmen who train the Basic Cadets wear berets of their official class color during the Basic Cadet Training and during certain parades . The official colors of USAFA are Air Force blue and silver . The first graduating Class of 1955 was given Air Force blue for its class color . The Class of 1956 was given silver ( nominally gray ) . The third - ever incoming Class of 1957 from USAFA was designated the gold ( or yellow ) class . The first class of cadets to receive the " Red Tag Bastards " moniker was the Class of 1958 . When the ' 58 cadets were commissioned as 2nd Lieutenants and graduated as the outgoing class , the incoming Class of 1962 was rotated in with the color red . When the ' 62 cadets graduated , the incoming Class of 1966 was assigned the color red . Class of 1970 , 1974 , 1978 , 1982 , 1986 , 1990 , 1994 , 1998 , 2002 , 2006 , 2010 , 2014 are " Red Tag Bastards " . The coveted color among the cadets is Air Force blue , and it is referenced and reverenced in the traditional nickname for the Cadet Wing as " The Long Blue Line " .
Liu Chen - san Liu Chen - san was a Chinese Nationalist General in the Second Sino - Japanese War . In the beginning of the war in the battle of Battle of Beiping - Tianjin he commanded a brigade of the 38th Division , that beat back the Japanese in the Langfang area . From late 1937 to 1943 he was the general commanding the 180th Division in the Battle of Xuzhou and Western Hopei Operation . In 1943 he was given command of 59th Corps which he held to the end of the war . He commanded 59th Corps during the Battle of Changde and the Battle of West Henan - North Hubei .
Battle of Randeniwela The Battle of Randeniwela was a battle fought on 25 August 1630 in the Sinhalese – Portuguese War . It was fought between Senarat and his sons Prince Mahastana , who would later become Rajasimha II king of Kandy , and his brother Prince Vijayapala against the Portuguese forces commanded by then Governor Constantino de Sá de Noronha . It was fought at Randeniwela near Wellawaya , a place close the town of Badulla . The battle broke off when Constantino de Sá launched the invasion via Badulla . The scene was an important historical event , where the Portuguese , despite their superior cannon power were defeated . Battle . Randeniwela Sinhaya ( Lion of Randeniwela ) Dom Cosmo Wijayasekara of Brahmanawatte Balapitiya was a Portuguese captain who fought alongside the Portuguese . However , at Randeniwela he with his salagama army joined the Sinhala King and ke supposedly killed the Portuguese governor who was fighting valiantly . After the war King Senarath provided Dom Cosmo with several nindagams and gave him Katugaha Walauwa to use as his residence . He did not have any male offspring . His daughter married ( Binna ) from a famous family in the area and Keppetipola Dissawa is a direct descendant of his .
List of F - 100 units of the United States Air Force This is a List of F - 100 Units of the United States Air Force by wing , squadron , location , tailcode , features , variant , and service dates . During the 1960s , squadrons were transferred regularly to different wings and bases temporarily , and sometimes permanently . In 1972 , the Air Force eliminated the tailcode . Air National Guard . In 1969 F - 100 Ds began transferring out Vietnam to state - side Air National Guard bases . By 1972 , the Guardsmen received 335 D models .
Fort Cap au Gris Fort Cap au Gris , also called Capo Gray , was a temporary fort built in September 1814 near Troy , Missouri during the War of 1812 by Missouri Rangers under the direction of Nathan Boone , son of Daniel Boone . After the defeat of Fort Johnson , U . S . Army soldiers under the command of Zachary Taylor retreated to Cap au Gris in October 1814 . The Battle of the Sink Hole was fought near Cap au Gris in May 1815 .
Boston Air Defense Sector The Boston Air Defense Sector ( BADS ) is an inactive United States Air Force Air Defense Command ( ADC ) organization . Its last assignment was with the ADC 26th Air Division at Hancock Field , New York . History . BADS was established in 1956 at Stewart Air Force Base ( AFB ) , New York as the 4622nd Air Defense Wing pending completion of the new Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) Direction Center ( DC - 02 ) and Combat Center ( CC - 04 ) which became operational 15 September 1958 . DC - 02 was equipped with dual AN / FSQ - 7 Computer s . Early in 1957 , the wing was redesignated as the Boston Air Defense Sector . The mission of the BADS was to provide air defense over New England initially in an area covering southern Maine , southern New Hampshire , southern Vermont , Massachusetts , northern Rhode Island and Connecticut and part of New York . The day - to - day operations of the command were to train and maintain tactical units flying jet interceptor aircraft ( North American F - 86 Sabre , Northrop F - 89 Scorpion , Lockheed F - 94 Starfire , Convair F - 102 Delta Dagger , Lockheed F - 104 Starfighter ) and operating radar s and interceptor missiles ( Boeing CIM - 10 Bomarc ) in a state of readiness with training missions and series of exercises with Strategic Air Command and other units simulating interceptions of incoming enemy aircraft . From 1960 to 1962 , BADS was also responsible for a squadron in Nova Scotia that controlled interceptors " manually " ( by voice instructions rather than by data link . The Sector was moved on paper to Hancock Field , New York and was eliminated on 1 April 1966 due to a general reorganization of ADC . Most of its assigned units were reassigned to the 34th or 35th Air Division s . References . Bibliography . Further Reading
Tellermine 43 The Tellermine 43 was a German circular steel cased anti - tank blast mine used during the Second World War . It was a simplified version of the Tellermine 42 , which enabled simpler production techniques . Between March 1943 and the end of World War II , over 3 . 6 million Tellermine 43s were produced by Germany . Copies of the mine were produced by several countries including Denmark ( M / 47 ) , France ( Model 1948 ) and Yugoslavia ( TMM - 1 ) . Tellermine 43s may still be encountered in uncleared minefields located in Egypt and Libya . Description . The casing of the mine is circular , rising towards the center with a large flat pressure plate . A rectangular metal carrying handle is fitted to the side of the mine . The pressure plate sits over the fuze well which can hold either a T . Mi . Z . 42 shear pin fuze or T . Mi . Z . 43 ball release fuze . The mine is armed by removing the pressure plate , screwing a fuze into the fuze well , then screwing the pressure plate back on again . At the bottom of the fuze well is a PETN booster charge , surrounded by the doughnut - shaped main charge of TNT explosive . The mine has secondary fuze wells located on the side and base to enable anti - handling device s to be fitted if required . Additionally , the T . Mi . Z . 43 fuze features an integral anti - handling device as standard : when the fuze is inserted and the pressure plate screwed down into place , it shears a weak arming pin in the fuze with an audible " snap " . This action arms the anti - handling device . Thereafter , any attempt to disarm the mine by unscrewing the pressure plate ( to remove the fuze ) will automatically trigger detonation . Since it is impossible to determine which fuze type has been installed , no pressure plate should be removed from a Tellermine . The Tellermine 43 can also be fitted with an optional tilt - rod fuze , which is screwed into the side fuze well .
SS Empire Antelope Empire Antelope was a 4 , 782 ton cargo ship which was built as Ophis in 1919 . She was renamed Bangu in 1928 . In 1941 she was renamed " Empire Antelope " . She was sunk by " U - 402 " on 2 November 1942 . History . " Ophis " was built by Todd Dry Dock and Construction Corporation , Tacoma as yard number 9 . She was allocated United States Shipping Board hull number 2630 . She was launched on 30 July 1919 and completed on 5 August 1919 . Delivery was on 30 September 1919 . " Ophis " was powered by a triple expansion steam engine and could make 10 knots . She was owned by the United States Shipping Board . In March 1920 , Maritime Salvors Ltd , London reported that they had been involved in the salvage of " Ophis " . On 29 November 1920 , " Ophis " came to the rescue of the Norwegian 3 - masted barque " Hebe " , which had been dismasted off the Azores , Portugal . " Hebe " was towed in to Fayal . In 1928 , she was renamed " Bangu " On 26 January 1931 , she lost her propeller south of Bahía Blanca , Argentina . She was passed to the United States Maritime Commission in 1937 , and laid up as part of the reserve fleet . In 1941 , " Bangu " passed to the Ministry of War Transport and was renamed " Empire Antelope " . War Service . " Empire Antelope " was a member of a number of convoys during World War II . Convoy ON 37 sailed from Liverpool on 15 November 1941 and dispersed during the night of November 23 / 34 . " Empire Antelope " sailed from Aultbea . Convoy SC 77 departed Halifax , Nova Scotia on 30 March 1942 and arrived at Liverpool on 16 April . " Empire Antelope " was carrying a cargo of steel and other general cargo , destined for Garston . Convoy SC 94 departed Sydney , Nova Scotia on 31 July 1942 . Five ships from the convoy were torpedoed by simultaneous attacks of " U - 176 " and " U - 379 " at 13 : 25Z on 8 August . Detonations of the five sinking ships caused hasty abandonment of three additional ships ( including " Empire Antelope " ) whose crews believed they had been torpedoed . " Empire Antelope " s crewmen reboarded their slightly damaged ship and arrived at Liverpool on 13 August . " Empire Antelope " departed New York City on 24 October 1942 with 5 , 560 tons of general cargo as a member of Convoy SC 107 . At 08 : 04 hrs ( CET ) on 2 November 1942 , " U - 402 " , captained by Baron Siegfried von Forstner , fired a torpedo and sank " Empire Antelope " at . All fifty crew members were saved by convoy rescue ship SS " Stockport " and landed at Reykjavík on 8 November . Official number and code letters . Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers . " Bangu " used the US Official Number 219009 and the Code Letters LTDP . " Empire Antelope " used the UK Official Number 168205 and the Code Letters BCGT . References .
HMS Gloucester ( 1709 ) HMS " Gloucester " was a 60 - gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built at Rotherhithe according to the 1706 Establishment , and launched on 25 July 1709 . " Gloucester ' s " career with the Royal Navy was brief , for on 26 October 1709 , she was captured by French forces off Cape Clear Island .
USS Sierra ( ID - 1634 ) The first USS " Sierra " ( ID - 1634 ) was a troop transport of the United States Navy that served during World War I and its immediate aftermath . Construction and acquisition . SS " Sierra " was constructed as a commercial passenger ship in 1900 by William Cramp and Sons in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . The U . S . Navy acquired her from the John D . Spreckel Brothers Company in San Francisco , California , on 27 May 1918 for use as a troop transport during World War I and assigned her the identification number 1634 . After conversion work was complete , she was commissioned as USS " Sierra " ( ID - 1634 ) on 1 July 1918 . U . S . Navy career . " Sierra " was assigned to transatlantic service upon commissioning , and she transported troops from the United States to France until the end of World War I on 11 November 1918 . After the war , she engaged in the reverse process of bringing American troops home from Europe for another eleven months . Decommissioning and disposal . " Sierra " was decommissioned on 1 October 1919 . On the same day , her name was stricken from the Navy list and she was returned to her owners . Later career . As SS " Sierra " , the ship returned to commercial passenger service . She later was renamed SS " Gdansk " .
Communications blackout In telecommunications , communications blackouts are Technical failures . Uptime being a key goal of most communications network s , uninterruptible power supplies and backup generator s are typically used to ensure high - reliability power . Wireless networks may be subject to radio jamming ; wired networks can be physically severed . Network design can also play a role in maintaining communications reliability ; depending on the constraints in building a fiber - optic network , a self - healing ring topology may be used . Spacecraft reentry . The communications blackouts that affect spacecraft re - entering the Earth ' s atmosphere , which are also known as radio blackouts , ionization blackouts , or reentry blackouts , are caused by an envelope of ionized air around the craft , created by the heat from the compression of the atmosphere by the craft . The ionized air interferes with radio signals . For the Mercury , Gemini , and Apollo spacecraft , such communications blackouts lasted for several minutes . Gemini 2 , for example , endured such a blackout for four minutes , beginning at 9 minutes 5 seconds into the flight . For Apollo missions , the communications blackout was approximately three minutes long . For Apollo 16 , for example , pre - advisory data ( PAD ) for re - entry listed the expected times for re - entry communications blackout to be from 0 minutes 16 seconds after entry interface to 3 minutes 33 seconds after entry interface ( a total of 3 minutes 17 seconds ) . For the Apollo 13 mission , the blackout was much longer than normal because the flight path of the spacecraft was unexpectedly at a much shallower angle than normal . According to the mission log maintained by Gene Kranz , the Apollo 13 re - entry blackout lasted around 6 minutes , beginning at 142 : 39 and ending at 142 : 45 , and was 1 minute 27 seconds longer than had been predicted . Communications blackouts for re - entry are not solely confined to entry into Earth ' s atmosphere . They apply to entry into any atmosphere where such ionization occurs around a craft . The Mars Pathfinder endured a 30 second communications blackout as it entered Mars ' atmosphere , for example . The Huygens probe endured a communications blackout as it entered the atmosphere of Titan . Until the creation of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System ( TDRSS ) , the Space Shuttle endured a 30 - minute blackout . The TDRSS allowed the Shuttle to communicate by relay with a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite during re - entry , through a " hole " in the ionized air envelope at the tail end of the craft , created by the Shuttle ' s shape . Space weather . Radio blackouts on Earth caused by space weather are measured by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on a scale that goes from 1 ( minor ) to 5 ( extreme ) . Solar position . Communications can also be lost when the Sun is blocking or behind one station in the same line of sight ; Sun outage s periodically interrupt communications with geosynchronous satellite s . It is also a common problem for interplanetary space missions .