naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Russell F . Freeman Russell F . Freeman ( born 1939 ) is an American diplomat . He served as United States Ambassador to Belize from 2001 to 2005 . Biography . Early life . He was born in Fargo , North Dakota on October 25 , 1939 . He graduated from Grinnell College in Grinnell , Iowa in 1961 , and received a J . D . from Northwestern University School of Law in 1964 . He served in the Judge Advocate General ' s Corps , United States Army for four years . Career . He was a senior partner , director and president of the law firm Nilles , Hansen & Davies , Ltd . , of Fargo , ND for thirty - two years . He was also an attorney for the North Dakota Supreme Court . From 2001 to 2005 , he served as U . S . Ambassador to Belize .
Charomskiy M - 40 The Charomskiy M - 40 was a Soviet turbocharged aircraft Diesel engine developed during World War II . It was used in a few Petlyakov Pe - 8 heavy bomber s until August 1941 when it was removed , because it was unreliable at high altitudes . The engines were stored until 1944 when they were disassembled and their components were used in the closely related Charomskiy ACh - 30 B . Development . Much like the Charomskiy ACh - 30 , the M - 40 was a development of the experimental AN - 1RTK turbo - supercharged diesel engine that had begun development in the early 1930s . It dropped its predecessor ' s supercharger , but added another two E - 88 turbochargers and two intercooler s . It failed its State acceptance testing in May 1940 , but production began regardless at the Kirov factory in Leningrad which built 58 engines in the first half of 1941 . Production ceased in the Fall after a total of 120 engines were finished . Delivery problems with the Mikulin AM - 34 FRNV forced the termination of the production of the Petlyakov Pe - 8 for lack of suitable engines in 1940 , but the M - 40 was adapted for use on the Pe - 8 in the spring of 1941 . However the M - 40 tended to " cut out at high altitude because the manually controlled fuel feed depended on a certain engine speed being maintained and it could only be restarted at about " . In August 1941 the M - 40s were removed from the few Pe - 8s that had received them and placed into storage . In 1944 Factory No . 500 began to disassemble them in order to use their components in the closely related Charomskiy ACh - 30B engine . A boosted version , the M - 40F , was tested in the Summer of 1940 and was approved for production the following November , although only a small batch was built in 1941 . It was evaluated in a Yermolaev Yer - 2 during 1941 , but not accepted for use .
Louis - Gaston de Sonis Louis - Gaston de Sonis ( 1825 - 1887 ) was a French Army officer who particularly distinguished himself in the battle of Loigny during the Franco - Prussian War , where he lost a leg . Life . Louis Gaston was born August 25 , 1825 in Guadeloupe , and came to France in 1832 , where he studied for the military , following in his father ' s footsteps . At age 10 , he lost his mother , and at age 19 , his father . This double wound marked the beginning of his conversion . In 1848 , as a young officer — the only practicing Catholic in his class — he discerned a call to become a monk of Solemes , but realized that it was in the world that he was called to serve God . At age 23 , he married Anaïs , a girl of 17 years , with whom he began a family that would grow to include 12 children . He was a loving husband and father , showed great love for the Eucharist , and shone especially in the virtue of obedience . To grow closer to God , he joined the Third ( Secular ) Order of Discalced Carmelites . Appointed general of the army corps at the age of 45 , he led the heroic charge of Loigny under the protection of the banner of the Sacred Heart , embroidered by Visitation nuns of Paray le Monial . Seriously injured in this battle , the Blessed Virgin Mary appeared to the General , assuring him that all was not lost ; France would survive . However , the General ' s left leg had to be amputated . He died August 15 , 1887 in Paris , after 17 years of suffering . Some of his thoughts : " When one begins to love God , one cannot love enough . " " Mary is placed on the threshold of eternity to inspire confidence in those who must bear the cross . " " Fight bravely against the demon of sadness . Oppose it by a fresh submission to the will of God , and serve God in joy , with great simplicity of heart . " He showed that the martial spirits that are so often admired in soldiers of the warrior class do not mutually exclude a strong faith life . Indeed , General de Sonis showed that in all actuality , a proper understanding of manly courage and virility can only be properly understood when grounded in a proper understanding of God , and of one ' s subordination and responsibility to the Divine Creator . De Sonis shared many similar attributes with a current day exemplar of another great Catholic warrior — Colonel John Ripley . His cause for canonization in the Roman Catholic Church has been proposed .
Skirmish at Waters Creek The Skirmish at Waters Creek was a minor action fought on March 8 , 1781 , during the American Revolutionary War . It was fought near Waters Creek in Newport News , Virginia between a group of local Patriot militia and British Army troops . Background . The state of Virginia had not been the scene of significant military activity for most of the American Revolutionary War . This began to change with the arrival in October 1780 of 2 , 500 British Army troops under Brigadier General Alexander Leslie . These troops established a fortified position at Portsmouth , and began raiding the area for supplies . However , they were ordered to abandon the post by Lieutenant General Charles , Earl Cornwallis in November . In January 1781 another 1 , 600 troops , this time under the command of the traitor Benedict Arnold , arrived in Virginia . After making a lightning raid on the state capital , Richmond , Arnold and his men settled into winter quarters at Portsmouth . Arnold ' s presence at Portsmouth was monitored by local Patriot militia , which turned out to respond to raiding and supply expeditions that he sent out . Early on March 8 , Arnold sent about 300 men on a raiding expedition to the Newport News area . They were led by Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Dundas , leader of the regiment known as the Royal Edinburgh Volunteers , and included a company of men from John Graves Simcoe ' s Queen ' s Rangers . When the militia were alerted to Dundas ' expedition , Colonel Francis Mallory , a resident of Hampton , organized the opposition . Mallory had recently been released from a brief imprisonment on board a Royal Navy ship as part of a prisoner exchange , and had been warned against taking up arms again . Intelligence gained during this time led him to conclusions about the likely route of the expedition , so he tried to set up an ambush at a place called Tompkins ' Bridge , crossing the creek between Hampton and York County . Skirmish . The militiamen divided their forces with the cavalry leading the charge from the front while the infantry fired from the flank . Colonel Mallory himself was killed in the attack , after being wounded by shot , saber and bayonet . The militiamen were able to hold off the British forces , forcing them to retreat to Newport News point and eventually their boats . While retreating , Captain Brown was injured and left behind .
Tsetse primary The Tsetse was the common design nuclear fission bomb core for several Cold War designs for American nuclear and thermonuclear weapons , according to researcher Chuck Hansen . Primary is the technical term for the fission bomb component of a thermonuclear or fusion bomb , used to start the reactions and implode and detonate the second , fusion stage . The Tsetse primary was used in the US B43 nuclear bomb , W44 nuclear warhead , W50 nuclear warhead , B57 nuclear bomb , and W59 nuclear warhead , according to Hansen . Historical evidence indicates that these weapons shared a reliability problem , which Hansen attributes to miscalculation of the reaction cross section of tritium in fusion reactions . The weapons were not tested as extensively as some prior models due to a mid - 1960s nuclear test moratorium , and the reliability problem was discovered and fixed after the moratorium ended . This problem was apparently shared by the Python primary designs . Characteristics of these weapons are : Based on this information it can be assumed that the Tsetse design itself corresponds to the size of the W44 warhead , 13 . 75 inches diameter and 25 . 3 inches long , with a weight of around 170 pounds .
554th Engineer Battalion ( United States ) The 554th Engineer Battalion is an Engineer Battalion of the United States Army . It is currently based at Ft . Leonard Wood , Missouri where it trains Soldiers for the Engineer Branch . It is responsible for training the Horizontal skills course , Engineer Basic Officers Leader Course ( EBOLC ) , Engineer Captains Career Course , and Warrant Officer Engineer Course
List of Chiefs of Naval Operations educated at the United States Naval Academy The Chief of Naval Operations ( CNO ) is the highest - ranking active duty member of the United States Navy and is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff . The CNO reports directly to the Secretary of the Navy for the command , utilization of resources and operating efficiency of the Navy . Of the 29 CNOs , 27 were graduates of the United States Naval Academy ( USNA ) . The Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis , Maryland with the mission of educating and commissioning officers for the Navy and Marine Corps . The Academy is often is referred to as Annapolis , while sports media refer to the Academy as " Navy " and the students as " Midshipmen " ; this usage is officially endorsed . During the latter half of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th , the United States Naval Academy was the primary source of U . S . Navy and Marine Corps officers , with the Class of 1881 being the first to provide officers to the Marine Corps . Graduates of the Academy are also given the option of entering the United States Army or United States Air Force . Most Midshipmen are admitted through the congressional appointment system . The curriculum emphasizes various fields of engineering . This list is drawn from graduates of the Naval Academy who became CNOs . The Academy was founded in 1845 and graduated its first class in 1846 . The first alumnus to graduate and go on to become a CNO was William S . Benson , who graduated from the Class of 1877 . The current CNO , Gary Roughead , is also an Academy graduate . Roughead graduated from the Class of 1973 . Four graduates subsequently became Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , three became ambassadors , three were recipients of the Navy Cross , and one was a recipient of the Distinguished Flying Cross . Over 990 noted scholars from a variety of academic fields are Academy graduates , including 45 Rhodes Scholars and 16 Marshall Scholars . Additional notable graduates include 1 President of the United States , 2 Nobel Prize recipients , 52 astronauts and 73 Medal of Honor recipients .
Takeo Yasuda Biography . Yasuda was a native of Okayama prefecture . After attending military cadet schools as a youth , he graduated from the 21st class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1909 . He specialized primarily in artillery , and his technical abilities were soon recognized by his superiors , who sponsored him to attend the engineering department of Tokyo Imperial University from 1913 - 1916 . On his graduation , Yasuda returned to regular military service as a chief Signals officer in the Japanese China Garrison Army . He was then seconded by the Kwantung Army to the Inspectorate General of Military Training and sent to Germany for further training . On his return , he was appointed Director of Research Department of the Army Signal School between 1932 and 1934 . While assigned to the Ministry of War , he served as Chief of Fortifications Section for Military Affairs and Military Administration Bureau until 1937 when he became attached to Army Aeronautical Technical Research Institute . Initially heading the 2nd Bureau , he was also Head of Field Aviation Ordnance at the Japanese Imperial Headquarters before returning to the Institute as director of Army Aeronautical Technical Research , with the rank of major general by the end of the year . During the late - 1930s , Yasuda became interested in nuclear physics specifically the potential for large energy releases through nuclear fission . In April 1940 , by then a young army officer rising through the ranks , Lieutenant General Yasuda ordered Lieutenant Colonel Tatsusaburo Suzuki to prepare a report on the possibilities of developing an atomic weapon . Receiving a favorable report in December , Yasuda passed on this information to the Japan Physical and Chemical Research Institute who in turn assigned the project to nuclear physicist Yoshio Nishina . Between 1942 and 1944 , Yasuda was commander of the Tokyo - based IJA 1st Air Army , head of the Army Aeronautical Department and Inspectorate General of Aviation before being relieved of duty in April 1944 . He was a strong advocate of the use of suicidal ramming tactics against American bombers . Serving as a member of the Supreme War Council during the final years of the war , Yasuda also returned to command of the IJN 1st Air Army as part of the preparations for the final defense of the Japanese home islands against Allied invasion ; however , he retired shortly before the war ' s end .
USS Fort Wayne ( ID - 3786 ) USS " Fort Wayne " ( ID 3786 ) was a freighter acquired by the U . S . Navy during the last year of World War I . She was assigned to carry cargo to Europe , after which she was decommissioned and sold by the U . S . Shipping Board . She then became the " SS Fort Wayne " , and was scrapped in Japan in 1934 . Constructed in Baltimore . " Fort Wayne " ( No . 3786 ) , a 6245 gross ton ( 12 , 260 tons displacement ) freighter , was built in 1918 by Baltimore Drydock and Shipbuilding Co . , Baltimore , Maryland ; acquired by the Navy 27 December 1918 ; and commissioned as USS " Fort Wayne " ( ID # 3786 ) the same day , Lieutenant Commander S . C . Fenn , USNRF , in command . World War I support . The ship loaded general cargo and sailed from Baltimore 26 January 1919 for Gibraltar , with a refueling stop at the Azores . At Gibraltar " Fort Wayne " received orders to deliver a full load of cargo for the Italian government at La Spezzia , Italy , where she arrived in mid - February . Because of a shortage of cargo handling workers she was delayed there for almost a month and finally sailed for Norfolk , Virginia , arriving there on 20 April . After refueling at the Azores the freighter had to return there in early April for repairs to her propeller . Final decommissioning and subsequent history . USS " Fort Wayne " was decommissioned at Norfolk , Virginia , 23 April 1919 and returned to the U . S . Shipping Board . " SS Fort Wayne " was sold by the Shipping Board to a commercial firm in 1929 and was scrapped in Japan in 1934 .
Vozdvizhenka ( air base ) Vozdvizhenka is an air base in Primorsky Krai located close to the village of Vozdvizhenka . At the airbase was deployed the 444th Berlin Order of Kutuzov 3rd degree and Alexander Nevsky Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment , part of the 326th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division , 37th Air Army . In service with the regiment consisted of supersonic long - range Tu - 22M3 bomber s . The 444th Regiment was disbanded in 2009 , with some aircraft transferred to the Belaya air base , and others dismantled ( removed engines , equipment , and with holes cut in the fuselage ) . The aircraft carcasses are awaiting final metal cutting . Currently based at the airfield is the aviation commandant of Khurba airbase and the 322 Aircraft Repair Factory ( 322 ARZ ) . History . Stationed at the airbase were : Piotr Butowski writes that the 444th Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment was stationed in North Korea ( Holm says Khanko - 2 ( Hamsung ) , North Korea , 9 . 1945 - 7 . 1948 ) until its return to Pozdeevka , Amur Oblast , where it was stationed from July 1948 - 1953 . In 1953 the 444th Regiment moved to Vozdvizhenka . It operated Tupolev Tu - 4 s from September 1951 to 1957 ( exact dates Holm ) , and from that time until 1991 - 92 Tupolev Tu - 16 variants . The Tu - 16K was in service from 1975 . As of 1991 444th TBAP was part of the 55th Heavy Bomber Air Division , 30th Air Army , with Tu - 16 K aircraft in service . Butowski and Holm ' s sources disagree on what happened to the regiment in 1991 - 92 . Butowski writes that it was disbanded , while Holm says that it was reequipped with Tu - 22Ms . Butowski and a range of other sources , including AFM 2007 , say the regiment came into existence again , possibly by 1997 by renaming the 132nd Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment . Holm says instead that on 29 January 1997 , the 132nd Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment instead absorbed the 444th Regiment . However , most available sources ( AFM and others , including Kommersant - Vlast , 2005 ) have listed the 444th Regiment in existence until c . 2009 . The regiment reportedly became known as " 444th Berlin Order of Kutuzov 3rd degree and Alexander Nevsky Bomber Aviation Regiment » . In 2009 as part of the extensive reorganisation of the Air Force the 444th Regiment was disbanded , and dismantlement of some aircraft began . Others were reportedly transferred to an air base at Belaya . As of 2012 , there are no longer any strategic bombers in Primorskiy Krai ; the nearest Long Range Aviation base seems now to be the 6952nd Air Base at Ukrainka , in Amur Oblast .
Otto Bierlin Otto Bierlin ( 13 March 1915 – 6 March 1945 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Otto Boerlin died from wounds on 6 March 1945 in Lamenstein , East Prussia .
Super Fledermaus The fire control unit 63 from Contraves Super Fledermaus ( Flt Gt 63 ) is an omnidirectional pulse radar device that from 1965 to 1977 was in use bye the Swiss Air Force in 111 pieces . The Super Fledermaus fire control system was jointly developed and produced by ten companies . It replaced the Fire control radar Mark VII . Function . The Flt Gt 63 simultaneously controls two Oerlikon 35 mm twin cannon anti - aircraft guns . It monitors the radar airspace , followed by radar or visually the target to be controlled and determined in real time and real time transmitting the firing data for the connected guns . Referring to the optical ( OZ ) targets can be the straightener allocated directly . The target allocation of radar target assignment ( ZZR ) is an oral radio or telephone transmission to the Parallaxcomputer operator , who inputs the data into the device . It comprises on a towed trailer , a Doppler radar in the E / F - band with a range of 15 kilometers and a pulse Doppler Rader in the J band , also with 15 kilometers range . In the first prototype of the Flakpanzer Gepard it was also used . Feuerleitgerät / Flt Gt 69 Superfledermaus . Fire Control Unit / Flt Gt 69 Superfledermaus The fire control unit Flt Gt69 based on the Flt Gt 63 and was from 1970 to 1985 in 38 numbers in the Swiss Air Force at the M FLPL flab Bttr ( Mobile Airfield flab batteries ) in use . The Flt Gt63 and the Fl Gt69 were replaced in the Swiss Air Force by the Skyguard fire control system .
Arthur Stewart King Scarf Squadron Leader Arthur Stewart King Scarf VC ( 14 June 1913 – 9 December 1941 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He attended King ' s College School in Wimbledon , and was a RAF Cranwell trained regular . Scarf was 28 years old , and a squadron leader in 62 Squadron , Royal Air Force during the Second World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . Scarf joined the RAF in 1936 , and accepted for pilot training . On gaining his wings he was posted to No . 9 Squadron , operating the Handley Page Heyford . In 1937 he transferred to No . 62 Squadron , a light bomber unit which received the Bristol Blenheim in February 1938 . Just prior to the outbreak of war in September 1939 , the Squadron was detached to bases in northern Malaya . From July 1941 No . 62 was based at Alor Star near the Thailand border and at the outbreak of hostilities in December 1941 the squadron came under heavy air attack . On 9 December it was withdrawn to RAF Butterworth in order to regroup . Raid on Singora . On 9 December 1941 in Malaya , near the Siam border , all available aircraft had been ordered to make a daylight raid on Singora ( where the Japan ese Army was invading ) , in Siam . Squadron Leader Scarf , as leader of the raid , had just taken off from the base at Butterworth when enemy aircraft swept in destroying or disabling all the rest of the machines . Scarf decided nevertheless to fly alone to Singora . Despite attacks from roving fighters he completed his bombing run and was on his way back when his aircraft became riddled with bullets and he was severely wounded , his left arm had been shattered , he had a large hole in his back and was drifting in and out of consciousness . He managed to crash - land the Blenheim at Alor Star , without causing any injury to his crew , and was rushed to hospital where he died two hours later . Scarf ' s VC was not gazetted until June 1946 . Because of the chaotic nature of the Malayan campaign , the facts concerning Scarf ' s actions were not known until after the war . At the time of his death he was about to become a father for the first time . His pregnant wife was a nurse based at the Alor Star hospital , but had just been evacuated south . The two other crewmen from Scarf ' s Blenheim were also given awards after the war for their courage during this action ; Sergeant Paddy Calder ( later Squadron Leader ) was awarded a Distinguished Flying Medal and Sergeant Cyril Rich ( KIA in 1943 ) received a posthumous Mentioned in Despatches . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Air Force Museum London , England .