naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
AD Seaplane Type 1000 The AD Seaplane Type 1000 also known as the Admiralty Type 1000 and the AD . 1 ( from Air Department ) was a British seaplane of the First World War designed to attack German warships . When it first flew , it was the largest British aircraft yet to take to the air . Development . The design of the AD . 1 was by Harris Booth of the Admiralty ' s Air Department just prior to World War I . It was the world ' s first aircraft designed from scratch as a torpedo bomber , one of the three planned versions of the design . The other two were a bomber and an aircraft armed with a recoilless Davis 12 - pounder gun ( approximately 76 mm calibre ) . The aircraft was a float - equipped biplane of pod - and - boom design , with engines mounted at the front of both booms , as well as at the rear of the crew pod . Development began in 1915 ; it was completed and flown for the first time during the summer of 1916 . It was found that the Davis gun would project a blast rearwards so the weapon was changed for a conventional 12 - pounder " Naval Landing Gun " though in practice a gun was never installed in the AD . 1 . Initially the plane was to use Sunbeam Nubian engines , but this was delayed and Hispano - Suiza selected instead , though eventually the Sunbeam Nubian IIs of 150 hp were delivered in 1917 . Service . Seven aircraft were ordered from J . Samuel White , but when the first one delivered was tested , it was found that its weight was higher than expected , its performance was unexpectedly poor and its undercarriage was not robust enough . Based on these findings , the contract for the remaining six aircraft was cancelled . The sole example is known to have survived until 1916 , probably at the Royal Naval Air Service ' s Seaplane Experimental Station , Felixstowe base .
Zealous Bates Tower Zealous Bates Tower ( January 12 , 1819 – March 20 , 1900 ) was an American soldier and civil engineer who served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . He was most noted for constructing the solid defenses of Federal - occupied Nashville , Tennessee , which proved to withstand repeated attacks by the Confederates . Birth and early years . Tower was born at Cohasset , Massachusetts to a family settled at adjacent Hingham since its founding . He graduated with first honors at West Point in 1841 . He served under General Scott in the Mexican War , led the storming column at Contreras , and was wounded at Chapultepec . After the war , Tower served as an engineer . He was responsible for the initial construction of the Federal facilities on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay and Fort Point , San Francisco . Civil War . At the outbreak of the Civil War , he was chief engineer in the defense of Fort Pickens . On June 12 , 1862 , he was appointed brigadier general of volunteers , to rank from November 23 , 1861 . Tower served in I Corps when it was listed as III Corps in Major General John Pope ' s Army of Virginia . He led a brigade in the division of Brig . Gen . James B . Ricketts . On August 30 , 1862 , Tower was severely wounded at the Second Battle of Bull Run After recovering from his wound , Tower was superintendent of West Point from July until September 1864 . He then became chief engineer of the defenses of Nashville , Tennessee , and his skillful work at that place contributed to the total defeat of John Bell Hood ' s Army of Tennessee at the Battle of Nashville in December 1864 . On January 13 , 1866 , President Andrew Johnson nominated Tower for the award of the honorary grade of brevet major general , U . S . Volunteers , to rank from June 12 , 1865 , and the U . S . Senate confirmed the award on March 12 , 1866 . Post war . Tower stayed in the regular army after the Civil War . In November 1865 , he became a lieutenant colonel in the Engineer Corps . Tower supervised the work of improving several major harbors , both for commercial and military purposes . He was promoted to colonel in January 1874 . Tower retired from the service in 1883 . He then returned to Cohasset , Massachusetts where he lived until his death on March 30 , 1900 . He was buried in Central Cemetery in Cohasset . He was an original founding member of the Aztec Club of 1847 , a social organization for officers who served in the Mexican - American War . He was also a member of the Military Order of Foreign Wars .
Sabitha Kumari Sabitha Kumari is the nom de guerre of a squad commander of the Communist Party of India ( Maoist ) in West Bengal , India . Early life . According to the West Bengal police Intelligence Bureau , she was born in the Prabira village of Jharkhand and is a science graduate from Dultongunj College . Political career . Sabitha Kumari joined the Maoists in 2000 . She was earlier in charge of the Maoist guerrilla outfit in Dantewada , Chattisgarh . , and she is on the Chattisgarh most - wanted list and several cases are registered against her , including accusations of killing police officers and political leaders and helping fellow Maoists escape from police lock - up .
Experimental Motorized Force The Experimental Motorized Forces were United States Army units formed to use post - World War I military transportation tactics . The first of these units was assembled on July 1 , 1928 , at Fort Meade ( at the time known as " Fort Leonard Wood " ) near Baltimore , Maryland , and deployed on July 17 for United States Department of War officers . It formed a convoy long with 240 vehicles and 1 , 100 men to Upper Marlboro , Maryland . Subsequent convoys from the Fort included one long that camped on the Gettysburg Battlefield on July 31 ; one with 300 men and 96 vehicles to Tobyhanna Artillery Range via Pottstown , Pennsylvania , on August 14 , and another to Gettysburg on October 11 . The Experimental Motorized Force to Tobyhanna included a gasoline - electric bus and 1 , 050 men and 45 officers with " the first armored troop ( cavalry ) ; one rifle company of infantry ; one machine gun company of infantry ; one battery of field artillery and detachments of engineers , ordnance and signal troops . They will be in light armored cars , trucks , passenger cars , cross - country cars and light tank trucks . On its way north the armored car units will engage in a tactical reconnaissance , splitting into four sections and reconnoitering to the front and flanks of the column along different routes . " The majority of the Experimental Motorized Force vehicles were obsolete , and the convoys were conducted nearly a decade after the Transcontinental Motor Convoy s of the Air Service and the Motor Transport Corps such as the 1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy .
Ajagae Ajagae was a military leader in the Sangju area during the waning years of Unified Silla . He led a local rebellion which seized Sangju . He is remembered today primarily as the father of Gyeon Hwon , the king of Hubaekje . Some Gyeon family lineages therefore claim him as their progenitor , although he himself was of Yi descent . Ajagae was born and lived most of his life in Gaeun , in modern - day Mungyeong City , where he was a farmer . According to the " Samguk Yusa " , he was descended from King Jinheung of Silla , but clearly his branch of the family had lost its royal connection some time before . Since there is no record of interactions between Ajagae and Gyeon Hwon during their later years , it is possible that Ajagae was not really Gyeon Hwon ' s father . The records of the Later Three Kingdoms period , however , are too sparse to permit any conclusive judgment . It is equally possible that the two men became estranged after Gyeon Hwon left home to join the Silla army . References . Silla died
Thomas Bourne Thomas Bourne ( 1834 – March 22 , 1888 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip . Biography . A native of England , Bourne began his career as a sailor at age 14 , serving as a cabin boy on ships in the Atlantic Ocean . He eventually found his way to the U . S . state of New York , and enlisted in the U . S . Navy from there in 1861 . By April 1862 , he had reached the rank of seaman and was a gun captain aboard the . On April 24 , the " Varuna " participated in a Union attack on Fort Jackson and Fort St . Philip near New Orleans , Louisiana . During this action , the ship was rammed twice by the Confederate steamer ( formerly known as the " Charles Morgan " ) and eventually sunk . Bourne continued to operate his gun throughout the close - range fight , despite intense Confederate fire . He survived the battle and the sinking without injury . For these actions , he was awarded the Medal of Honor a year later , on April 3 , 1863 . In 1864 , Bourne was injured while shifting a gun . He was discharged later that year , in November , at the rank of chief quartermaster . After his military service , Bourne became a farmer in the village of Jones in Cass County , Michigan . He married Hannah Fowler and the couple moved to Schoolcraft , Michigan . About six months later , his wife died and Bourne returned to Jones ; he eventually remarried . Bourne died of heart disease at about age 53 and was buried at Poe Cemetery near Jones . His grave was marked by a simple veteran ' s headstone until 2009 , when it was discovered that he was a Medal of Honor recipient . A new headstone which made note of his Medal of Honor was dedicated on October 10 , 2009 . Bourne ' s Medal of Honor was passed down through his family until reaching his great - great - granddaughter , who donated the medal to Michigan ' s Own Military & Space Museum in Frankenmuth . Medal of Honor citation . Bourne ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Served as captain of a gun on board the U . S . S . " Varuna " during an attack on Forts Jackson and St . Philip and while under fire and ramming by the rebel ship " Morgan " , 24 April 1862 . During this action at extremely close range while his ship was under furious fire and was twice rammed by the rebel ship " Morgan " , Bourne remained steadfast at his gun and was instrumental in inflicting damage on the enemy until the " Varuna " , badly damaged and forced to beach , was finally sunk .
Cyrus Bussey Cyrus Bussey ( October 5 , 1833March 2 , 1915 ) was an American soldier and politician , serving as a major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Early life and career . Bussey was born in Hubbard , Ohio , in 1833 . His father , Reverend A . Bussey , was a Methodist minister . He moved with his father , in 1837 , to Indiana . At age 14 , Bussey began working , as a clerk , in a dry - goods store , and at age 15 , he started his own mercantile business . He began studying medicine , at age 18 , but realized that he did not want to go into that profession . In 1855 , Bussey moved to Davis County , Iowa , and began another business . It was here that his political career would begin . Political career . He early became interested in politics , entered the Iowa Senate as a Democrat . In 1860 , he was a delegate to the Baltimore convention , which nominated Stephen A . Douglas for President . American Civil War . He served throughout the Civil War . During the Siege of Vicksburg , he was the Chief of Cavalry for Ulysses S . Grant ' s army . Late in the war , in 1865 , Bussey commanded the Third Division of the Seventh Army Corps , with the rank of brevet major general . For some time after the war , he carried on a commission business in St . Louis and New Orleans . Bussey was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Interior from 1889 to 1893 . Afterwards , he practiced law . He was commander of the District of Columbia Commandery , Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States in 1911 and 1912 .
Ralph Graf von Oriola Ralph Georg Edgar Joachim Eddo Graf von Oriola ( 9 August 1895 – 28 April 1970 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the XIII . Armeekorps . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Ralph Graf von Oriola was captured by American troops in 1945 and was released in 1948 . He married twice , firstly to Elisabeth Trampe - Agner ( born Leipzig , 12 April 1893 ) and secondly to Edith Gertrud Müller ( born Witten , Ruhr , 12 June 1909 ) .
Albrechtsburg The Albrechtsburg is a Late Gothic castle that dominates the town centre of Meissen in the German state of Saxony . History . By 929 King Henry I of Germany had finally subdued the Slavic Glomacze tribe and built a fortress within their settlement area , situated on a rock high above the Elbe river . This castle , called " Misnia " after a nearby creek , became the nucleus of the town and from 965 the residence of the Margraves of Meissen , who in 1423 acquired the Electorate of Saxony . From 1464 Elector Ernest of Saxony ruled jointly with his younger brother Albert the Bold and both had the present - day castle erected from 1471 on . The masterpiece of court builder Arnold of Westphalia , it was constructed solely as a residence , not as a military fortress , the first German castle built for such a purpose . When the brothers divided the Wettin lands by the 1485 Treaty of Leipzig , the castle of Meissen fell to Albert . Though Albert ' s son Duke George the Bearded resided at the Albrechtsburg , it was soon superseded by Dresden Castle as the new seat of the Wettin Albertinian line . In 1710 King Augustus II the Strong established the first European hard - paste porcelain manufacture at the castle under the supervision of Johann Friedrich Böttger . Meissen porcelain was produced at the Albrechtsburg until manufacturing moved to its present location in 1863 . Meissen Cathedral . The adjacent Gothic cathedral was the episcopal see of the Bishopric of Meissen established by Emperor Otto I in 968 . The present - day hall church was built between 1260 and 1410 , the interior features Gothic sculptures of founder Emperor Otto and his wife Adelaide of Italy as well as paintings from the studio of Lucas Cranach the Elder . The first Saxon elector from the House of Wettin , Margrave Frederick I , had the Prince ' s Chapel erected in 1425 as the burial place of his dynasty . In 1581 the Meissen diocese was finally dissolved in the course of the Protestant Reformation . The twin steeples were not attached until 1909 .
Operation Venezia Operation Venezia was a Second World War operation in which Erwin Rommel moved a large portion of his forces around Bir Hakeim , the southern most part of the British Gazala Line , soon after the start of the Battle of Gazala . Rommel activated the operation at 20 : 30 on 26 May 1942 , after his reconnaissance confirmed the presence of strong British armoured formations north - east of Bir Hakeim . His encircling force consisted of 10 , 000 vehicles from the 15 . and 21 . " Panzerdivision " s , the Italian " Ariete " Armoured Division and the motorized elements of the German 90th Light Infantry Division . The British forces were expecting Rommel to make an attack and , on intercepting a signal which contained the codeword " Venezia " , assumed , incorrectly , that it was the name of the full operation . This mistake is often repeated in historical literature .
James R . Thompson , Jr . James Robert Thompson , Jr . , known as J . R . Thompson , ( born March 6 , 1936 ) was the fifth Director of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center located in Huntsville , Alabama . He served as Director from September 29 , 1986 to July 6 , 1989 . Thompson also served as NASA ' s deputy director from July 6 , 1989 to November 8 , 1991 . Early life and education . Born in Greenville , South Carolina , Mr . Thompson graduated from Druid Hills High School in Atlanta in 1954 . He was awarded a bachelor of science degree in aeronautical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1958 and a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Florida in 1963 . He has completed all course work at the University of Alabama toward a Ph . D . in fluid mechanics . Career . He served as a lieutenant in the U . S . Navy from 1958 to 1960 and was stationed at Green Cove Springs , Florida , as an administrative officer in the Atlantic Fleet . He was awarded the NASA Medal for Exceptional Service in 1973 for his work on Skylab , and NASA Medals for Distinguished Service in 1981 for this work on the Space Shuttle main engine and in 1988 for his work on the 51 - L Data and Design Analysis Task Force . President Ronald Reagan conferred on Mr . Thompson the rank of Meritorious Senior Government Executive twice , in 1982 and in 1987 . He was one of five members of NASA ' s Return to Flight Team awarded the Dr . Robert H . Goddard Memorial Trophy for 1989 . Upon leaving NASA in 1991 , Mr . Thompson entered private business .
Magnus von Eberhardt Magnus von Eberhardt ( 6 December 1855 – 24 January 1939 ) was a Prussian military officer and a German " General der Infanterie " during World War I . He received the Pour le Mérite ( Prussia ' s and Germany ' s highest military honor ) with Oakleaves ( signifying a second award ) and was a " Rechtsritter " ( Knight of Justice ) of the " Johanniterorden " ( Order of Saint John ) . Pre war . Magnus von Eberhardt was born on 6 December 1855 in Berlin . He began his military career in 1874 ( at age 19 ) as a " Sekonde - Lieutenant " in the 93rd ( Anhalt ) Infantry Regiment at Zerbst . World War I . At the outbreak of the war , von Eberhardt was Military Governor of Straßburg , then in the German Imperial territory of Alsace - Lorraine . On 1 September 1914 he took command of the temporary " Corps Eberhardt " named for him . On 1 December 1914 it was established as XV Reserve Corps and on 1 September 1916 it was renamed as " XV Bavarian Reserve Corps " . On 16 October 1916 , he transferred to command X Reserve Corps . In August 1918 , he temporarily toook command of 7th Army from Max von Boehn on the Western Front before going on to command 1st Army just before the end of the War . Von Eberhardt was awarded the Pour le Mérite on 20 May 1917 . He was awarded the Oakleaves on 22 September 1917 . Post war . In 1919 , von Eberhardt was appointed to the defense of Eastern Prussia as commander of the Kulmer Land Defence Forces . In the spring of 1919 , he received the order to withdraw from the territory of Soldau and Polish troops took possession . Von Eberhardt died in Berlin on 24 January 1939 at the age of 83 . He was interred in the Invalidenfriedhof .
8th Air Division The 8th Air Division ( 8th AD ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with Air Defense Command , being stationed at McClellan Air Force Base , California . It was inactivated on 1 July 1957 . History . The 8th AD was established in 1949 . Its initial assignment was the air defense of North and South Carolina under Fourteenth Air Force . It was inactivated in 1950 with its air defense mission taken over by Eastern Air Defense Force . In 1954 it was re - activated under Western Air Defense Force with a mission of being the command and control organization for Airborne early warning and control ( AEW & C ) units of Air Defense Command . Its mission also included the training and equipping of Lockheed EC - 121 Warning Star AEW & C units . Division components flew early warning missions in " flying radar stations " off the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States until its inactivation in July 1957 , its mission being taken over directly by the Western Air Defense Force . Components . Wings Squadrons
Type 89 machine gun Type 89 refers to two families of unrelated Imperial Japanese Army aircraft machine gun s . The first family is the recoil - operated Vickers gun . The Type 89 FIXED gun was a license - built version of the machine gun that armed the Vickers E - class tank , chambered for the Type 89 cartridge ( see below ) . It was used in synchronized applications in fighter cowls and in wing gun applications . It was belt - fed , using a steel link disintegrating belt . The Type 89 FLEXIBLE gun was a gas - operated twin gun . That is , it was made up of two mirror - image Year 11 Type LMG actions lying on their sides supported by a tubing cradle . The guns were fed from quadrant magazines loaded with cartridges on five - round clips . The Type 89 ( special ) was the Type 89 flexible with the magazines modified to use a captive belt made up of five - round clips joined edge - to - edge . This is the version used in the Pacific War , having replaced the Type 89 flexible in 1937 . The Type 89 ( modified single ) is the flexible gun most often ( erroneously ) called « Type 89 . » It is a single Year 11 Type action laid on its side and fed from a flat pan magazine . It also was used throughout the Pacific War in applications where the ( special ) was too bulky to fit . The flexible guns were used as backseat guns and bomber defense and were pressed into ground and AA use , though their small caliber made them ineffective in all roles during much of the Pacific War . When any reference is made to a 7 . 7 Type 89 , it is impossible to tell which gun is indicated without more information .
Bennett Landreneau Major General Bennett C . Landreneau ( retired ) born October 4 , 1947 , was a Major General that served for fourteen years as the Adjutant General for the Louisiana National Guard . Formal education . MG Landreneau graduated from Vidrine High School in Ville Platte , Louisiana and holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Agronomy from the University of Southwestern Louisiana . In 1995 , he graduated from the United States Army War College in Carlisle , Pennsylvania . Military career . In June 1969 , General Landreneau enlisted in the Louisiana National Guard as a Private . In 1971 , he attended Louisiana State Officer Candidate School where he was issued a commission as a Second Lieutenant . He served as a Platoon leader in the 3671st Maintenance Company ( LAARG , Alexandria , Louisiana ) , and again with Detachment 1 Company C , 769th Engineer Battalion , ( LAANG , Jena , Louisiana ) . In September 1973 , he was awarded his first Military command with Detachment 1 , 2225th Engineer Company , ( LAANG , Jena , Louisiana ) . In October 1978 , after commanding the 2225th Engineer Company , Company C , 527th Engineer Battalion , and Company A , 527th Engineer Battalion , he transitioned to staff duties in Operations ( S - 3 ) . In September 1986 , he took command of 527th Engineer Battalion , ( LAANG , Bossier City , Louisiana ) . In December 1990 , the Battalion was mustered into the National Guard of the United States under Title 10 of the United States Code where it deployed to Saudi Arabia in support of Operation Desert Storm . In September 1995 , he became the Commander of the 256th Infantry Brigade headquartered in Lafayette , Louisiana where he served for two years before appointment to The Adjutant General headquartered in New Orleans , Louisiana . MG Landreneau held the position of The Adjutant General of the Louisiana National Guard for fourteen years until Brigadier General Glenn H . Curtis assumed command in November 2011 . Personal life . MG Landreneau is married to Dolores ( née Fontenot ) ; they have four children and six grandchildren . General Landreneau worked for the United States Department of Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service for over 30 years and retired as the Assistant State Conservationist in 1996 before appointment to The Adjutant General of the Louisiana National Guard . While working with the USDA , he received two USDA Distinguished Service awards and one USDA Superior Service award .