naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Royal School of Naval Architecture The first School of Naval Architecture opened in 1811 in Portsmouth and closed in 1832 . The Royal School of Naval Architecture or Royal School of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering was an institution founded in South Kensington in 1864 to train naval architect s . It was founded by Joseph Woolley , who had been Principal of the short - lived School of Mathematics and Naval Construction in Portsmouth ( 1848 – 1853 ) . In 1873 the School moved to the Royal Naval College , Greenwich , then in 1967 to University College London . It was the precursor to the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors . The title FRSNA is an abbreviation for Fellow of the Royal School of Naval Architecture .
Helmut Viedebantt Helmut Viedebantt ( 23 December 1918 – 1 May 1945 ) was a " Luftwaffe " flying ace of World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Viedebantt was credited with 23 aerial victories .
Alec Coryton Air Chief Marshal Sir William Alec Coryton KCB , KBE , MVO , DFC , RAF ( 16 February 1895 – 20 October 1981 ) , commonly known as Alec Coryton , was a senior RAF commander in World War II . Life . Originally commissioned as an officer in the British Army ' s Rifle Brigade ( Special Reserve ) , he transferred to the Royal Flying Corps as a Lieutenant in 1918 . When the RFC became the Royal Air Force he resigned his Army commission and became a Royal Air Force officer . From 1925 to 1928 , he was Officer Commanding 16 Squadron based at Old Sarum . operating the Bristol F . 2 Fighter in the tactical reconnaissance role . In February 1943 Coryton moved to the Air Staff at the Air Ministry and was appointed Assistant Chief of the Air Staff ( Operations ) in 1944 . On 25 August 1944 he became Commander , RAF Third Tactical Air Force . External links . Probert , Henry , Bomber Harris His Life and Times , Stoddart , 2001 p207
1945 Bombing of Prague The Bombing of Prague occurred towards the end of World War II on February 14 , 1945 , when the US Army Air Forces carried out an air raid over Prague . The city was the capital of Czechoslovakia and ( since the Nazi occupation in 1939 ) the main city of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . According to American pilots , it was the result of a navigation mistake : at the same time , a massive bombing of Dresden was under way , 120 km north from Prague . Impact of the attack . Forty B - 17 Flying Fortress es of the 8th American Air Force dropped about 152 tons of bombs on many populated areas of Prague . The carpet - bombing hit Vyšehrad , Zlíchov , Karlovo náměstí , Nusle , Vinohrady , Vršovice and Pankrác . The bombing resulted in the deaths of 701 people and the wounding of 1 , 184 . About a hundred houses and historical sites were totally destroyed and another two hundred were heavily damaged . All the casualties were civilians , and not one of the city ' s factories , which might have been of use to the Wehrmacht , was damaged . Many homes and national sites were destroyed . Some of Prague ' s most famous modern buildings , like the Dancing House or the Emauzy church , were constructed in locations where the bombs destroyed existing buildings . One of the pilots of the lead group was Lt . Andrew Andrako flying B - 17 serial number 43 - 38652 V , " Stinker Jr . " . Lt . Andrako was of Czech decent . Controversy . The Americans voiced their regret many times . The history of 398th Bomb Group based at RAF Nuthampstead , which carried out the raid , indicates the attack was an accident . Radar navigational equipment on the aircraft was not functioning correctly , and high winds en route produced a dead reckoning navigational error of some 70 miles causing the formation to arrive over the supposed " target " which was believed to be Dresden at the time bombing commenced . Prague was mostly obscured by broken cloud , with occasional glimpses of the Vltava river . Prague and Dresden also looked similar from the air , with rivers running through both cities . The bombing was carried out as a " blind attack " using radar . After the war , the Americans were charged to pay for some of the damaged historical buildings . The raid was used for anti - American propaganda purposes both by the Nazis and the subsequent Communist regime in Czechoslovakia .
U . S . Coast Guard Headquarters , Key West Station The U . S . Coast Guard Headquarters , Key West Station ( also known as the US Navy Coal Depot and Storehouse or Building # 1 ) is a historic site in Key West , Florida , United States . It is located at the northwest corner of Front and Whitehead Streets . On October 15 , 1973 , it was added to the U . S . National Register of Historic Places .
XVII Brigade , Royal Horse Artillery II Indian Brigade , Royal Horse Artillery was a brigade of the Royal Horse Artillery formed at the outbreak of World War I . It served with 2nd Indian Cavalry Division on the Western Front . It was redesignated XVII Brigade , RHA in February 1917 and XVII Army Brigade , RHA just before being disbanded in April 1918 . II Indian Brigade , RHA . II Indian Brigade , RHA was formed in December 1914 for the 2nd Indian Cavalry Division in France . It commanded Each battery was armed with six 13 pounder guns . The brigade served with the 2nd Indian Cavalry Division on the Western Front and the brigade commander acted as Commander Royal Horse Artillery ( CRHA ) . In practice , the batteries were permanently assigned to the cavalry brigades , viz : In June 1916 , 7th ( Meerut ) Cavalry Brigade ( complete with V Battery , RHA ) left the division and was reformed for service in Mesopotamia . Its place was taken by the Canadian Cavalry Brigade with its attached Royal Canadian Horse Artillery Brigade ( A and B Batteries , RCHA each with four 13 pounders ) . Other than the Battle of the Somme in 1916 ( Battle of Bazentin Ridge , 14 – 17 July and Battle of Flers - Courcelette , 15 – 22 September ) and the Battle of Cambrai in 1917 , the division was not involved in battle . Instead , it was held in reserve in case of a breakthrough , although it did send parties to the trenches on a number of occasions . They would hold the line , or act as Pioneers ; such parties were designated as , for example , the Mhow Battalion . XVII Brigade , RHA . On 26 November 1916 , 2nd Indian Cavalry Division was renamed 5th Cavalry Division . Consequently , on 24 February 1917 , the brigade was redesignated as XVII Brigade , RHA . In March 1918 , the 5th Cavalry Division was broken up in France . The British and Canadian units remained in France and the Indian elements were sent to Egypt to help constitute 2nd Mounted Division . The brigade became XVII Army Brigade , RHA at this time , though this new identity was short lived . On 13 March , G Battery , RHA joined from IV Brigade , RHA ( 3rd Cavalry Division ) to bring the brigade back up to three batteries . On 9 April , G and N Batteries , RHA left for V Army Brigade , RHA . On 17 April 1918 , the brigade HQ was dissolved .
Derby Scheme The Derby Scheme was a voluntary recruitment policy in Britain created in 1915 by Edward Stanley , 17th Earl of Derby . The concept behind the Derby Scheme was that men who voluntarily registered their name would be called upon for service only when necessary . Married men had an added incentive in that they were advised they would be called up only once the supply of single men was exhausted . The scheme was also referred to as the " Group System " as men were classified in groups according to their year of birth and marital status and were to be called up with their group when it was required . The scheme proved unsuccessful and was abandoned in December 1915 , in spite of the fact that the execution of Nurse Edith Cavell by the Germans , on 12 October 1915 was used in recruitment rallies by Lord Derby . It was superseded by the Military Service Act 1916 which introduced conscription . 215 , 000 men enlisted while the scheme was operational , and another 2 , 185 , 000 attested for later enlistment . However , 38 per cent of single men and 54 per cent of married men who were not in ' starred ' occupations failed to come forward .
Arichi Shinanojo Baron was an admiral in the early Imperial Japanese Navy , and served as Chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff in the late 19th century . Biography . Arichi was born in Chōshū domain ( now Yamaguchi prefecture . His younger brother was Admiral Nashiba Tokioki . As a " samurai " youth , he fought in the Boshin War to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate , participating in combat in the northern Tohoku campaign . He was then dispatched by the domain to Europe for studies , observing military operations in the Franco - Prussian War first - hand . On his return to Japan , he was commissioned as a major in the new Imperial Japanese Army in 1871 . Under the new Meiji government , he served in the Minister of the Military , and transferred to the fledgling Imperial Japanese Navy in 1873 with the rank of lieutenant commander . He was thus was of the few men from the Chōshū domain to choose the Navy over the Army as a career . It is not certain why he made this choice , but some historians theorize it was part of a strategy by the Chōshū clan leaders to ensure that the navy did not become a Satsuma monopoly . Arichi was captain of the frigate in 1878 and corvette " Nisshin " in 1881 . After his promotion to the rank of captain in 1882 , he was assigned as commanding officer to the corvette , followed by " Tsukuba " . In 1884 , while captain of " Tsukuba " , the ship suffered from an outbreak of beriberi in which 23 crewmen died . Subsequently , " Tsukuba " was used as the basis of a successful experiment by Naval doctor Takaki Kanehiro into the sailors ' diet , which later eliminated beriberi as an issue within the Japanese navy . Arichi was promoted to rear admiral on 15 June 1886 and became commandant of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy from 1887 - 1889 . He was Chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff from 1889 - 1891 . From 1891 - 1892 , Arichi served as commander in chief of the Readiness Fleet . He was promoted to vice admiral in 1892 , and was commander in chief of the Kure Naval District during the First Sino - Japanese War . He was commander in chief of the Combined Fleet from May – October 1895 , and took part in the Japanese invasion of Taiwan . He was forced to resign over an incident involving the illegal boarding of British MV " Thales " by sailors from the cruiser off Amoy on 21 October 1895 in search of Liu Yung - fu , the fugitive president of the Republic of Formosa . On 5 June 1896 , he was ennobled with the title of baron ( " danshaku " ) under the " kazoku " peerage system . Arichi entered the reserves from 1895 , and served in the House of Peers from 1897 - 1904 . He retired in 1911 , but continued to serve as a member of the Privy Council ( Japan ) from 1914 until his death in 1919 . His grave is at Aoyama Cemetery in Tokyo .
Hans - Joachim Merks Hans - Joachim Merks ( 2 February 1917 – 21 June 1961 ) was a Kapitänleutnant with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
USS Pike ( SS - 173 ) USS " Pike " ( SS – 173 ) was laid down on 20 December 1933 by Portsmouth Navy Yard , in Kittery , Maine ; launched on 12 September 1935 ; sponsored by Miss Jane Logan Snyder ; and commissioned on 2 December 1935 , Lieutenant Heber H . " Tex " McLean in command . Pike was the first all - welded submarine . The welded hull allowed Pike to submerge to much greater depths than her predecessors and at the same time provided greater protection against depth - charge attacks . See the link " The Saga of the Submarine " below . Service history . After shakedown in the Atlantic , " Pike " departed Newport , R . I . on 10 February 1937 , and proceeded via the Panama Canal to Naval Station San Diego . In 1937 - 1938 , she participated in maneuvers near Hawaii . Entering Manila Bay on 1 December 1939 , she served with Submarine Squadron 5 ( SubRon 5 ) out of Cavite , P . I . Departing on 20 June 1940 , she cruised along the coast of China from Shanghai to Tsingtao . Returning to Cavite on 24 August , she voyaged in the Philippines . In response to the Japanese attack upon Pearl Harbor , she put to sea on 8 December , commanded by Lieutenant Commander Willam A . New ) to guard sea lanes between Manila and Hong Kong . Sailing from Manila , she moored at Port Darwin , Australia , 24 January 1942 . On her third war patrol from 5 February - 28 March , she detected the enemy off the Alor Islands 20 February and 24 February , and off Lombok Strait on the 28th . On her fourth war patrol , she sailed from Fremantle , Australia on 19 April , and patrolled north of the Palau Islands and off Wake Island , before reaching Honolulu on 25 May . From 30 May – 9 June , she patrolled north of Oahu . Overhauled at Mare Island Naval Shipyard , California , she guided bombers to Wake Island in December , and escaped from a severe depth - charging on 14 January 1943 during an attempted attack off Japan . Departing Pearl Harbor on 31 March , she fired torpedoes at targets off Truk from 12 – 14 April , and shelled Satawan Island on the 25th . Getting under way from Pearl Harbor on 22 July , " Pike " sank 2 , 022 - ton Japanese cargo ship " Shoju Maru " near Marcus Island 5 August . Sailing from Pearl Harbor on 28 September , she arrived at New London , Connecticut , 3 November . During the remainder of World War II , she trained submarine crews at the Naval Submarine Base New London . Decommissioned on 15 November 1945 at Boston , Massachusetts , she became a Naval Reserve training ship at Baltimore , Maryland , in September 1946 . Upon completion of this duty , she was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 17 February 1956 , and sold for scrapping on 14 January 1957 to A . G . Schoonmaker Co . , Inc . , New York , N . Y . Awards . " Pike " received four battle star s for her World War II service .
Winchester Model 1910 The Winchester Model 1910 ( also known as the Model 10 ) is a blowback operated semi - automatic rifle rifle produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company beginning in 1910 with production ending in 1936 . This rifle is fed from a 4 - round capacity , detachable box magazine located immediately forward of the trigger guard . Winchester only chambered the model 1910 in the . 401 Winchester Self - Loading or . 401 WSL cartridge . The basic design for the Model 1910 is covered by * issued August 27 , 1901 and assigned to Winchester by Thomas Crossley Johnson , a key firearms designer for Winchester . This patent was initially used to protect the design of the rimfire Winchester Model 1903 , but came to be applied toward the centerfire Winchester Self Loading rifle series , which includes the Model 1905 , Model 1907 , and Model 1910 . Variants . In addition to the standard or " plain finish " model , a deluxe or " fancy finish " model was offered with checkering on the forearm and wrist of the stock . The plain finish rifles were offered in 1910 at a list price of $ 30 . World War I Orders . Winchester factory records show an order placed in 1915 for 150 Model 1910 rifles , spare magazines , and 25 , 000 cartridges of . 401SL ammunition by the firm of Andre , Schaub & Pioso as an agent of the French government . A subsequent December 7 , 1917 order of 400 , 000 . 401SL cartridges is believed to indicate additional Model 1910 rifles were acquired by the French Republic through other means . Winchester records show orders of about 500 Model 1910 rifles by the Imperial Russian government dating to 1915 and 1916 . Further details are not available regarding orders of . 401SL . External links . The Vintage Semi - Automatic Sporting Rifles Forum - Winchester Model 1910 - http : / / vintagesemiautorifle . proboards105 . com / index . cgi ? board = win10
Alexios Mosele ( general ) Alexios Mosele ( ) or Mousoulem / Mousele ( Greek : Μουσουλέμ / Μουσελέ ) was a late 8th - century Byzantine general of Armenian origin . Biography . Alexios is the first known member of the Mosele / Mousele family of Armenian origin . In 790 , he was the " droungarios " of the " Vigla " guard regiment ( the first known occupant of the office ) . In September of that year , he was sent by the Empress - regent Irene of Athens ( r . 797 – 802 ) to deal with the soldiers of the Armeniac theme , who refused to swear an oath of loyalty which placed her before her son , Emperor Constantine VI ( r . 780 – 797 ) . The Armeniacs , however , imprisoned their general Nikephoros , declared Mosele their new commander , and acclaimed Constantine as the sole Byzantine emperor . At the news of this , the other " thema ta " of Asia Minor followed suit in deposing their commanders and affirming Constantine as sole emperor . The thematic troops then assembled in Bithynia , where they demanded from Empress Irene to release Emperor Constantine from his " de facto " house arrest . Bowing to the pressure from the troops , Irene released her son . Emperor Constantine shortly after assumed the reins of government , dismissing Irene ' s counselors and confining her to a palace in Constantinople . Mosele was confirmed as the Armeniacs ' commander by Emperor Constantine , and later summoned to Constantinople and raised to the rank of " patrikios " . Constantine , however , soon proved incapable to rule the Byzantine Empire effectively , and the military successes , which the soldiers who supported him had hoped for , did not materialize . In January 792 , however , he recalled his mother from her banishment , restored her to her titles and position of co - ruler , and demanded from the army to acclaim her along with him . The Armeniacs once again refused to comply , and demanded the return of Mosele from Constantinople . Despite having guaranteed his personal safety , Emperor Constantine , who suspected him of designs on the Byzantine throne , had him flogged , tonsure d , and imprisoned . This was followed soon after by the disastrous defeat of the Byzantine army , led by the Byzantine emperor himself , at the Battle of Marcellae against the Bulgars . As the imperial army grumbled and even the usually loyal " tagmata " plotted to replace him , Emperor Constantine , on the advice of his mother and her eunuch advisor Staurakios , had Mosele blinded . Emperor Constantine ' s uncle , Nikephoros , whom the tagmatic soldiers had planned to make emperor of Byzantium , was also blinded , while four other uncles had their tongue s cut . At the news of this , the Armeniacs rose in open rebellion . They defeated a loyalist army in November , and were defeated only in May 793 by an expedition under Emperor Constantine VI himself .
VI Cavalry Corps ( German Empire ) The VI Cavalry Corps ( literally : Higher Cavalry Command 6 ) was a formation of the German Army in World War I . VI Cavalry Corps . During the Courland Offensive a wide gap opened between the Army of the Niemen and 10th Army . Set up by the 10th Army as a temporary Cavalry Corps . Established 18 August 1915 . Redesignated 20 November 1916 as 59th Corps ( z . b . V . ) . 59th Corps . 59th Corps ( z . b . V . ) was formed on 20 November 1916 by the redesignation of VI Cavalry Corps . As the need for large mounted cavalry formations diminished as the war went on , the existing Cavalry Corps increasingly took on the characteristics of a normal Corps Command . This culminated in them being redesignated as " General Commands for Special Use " " Generalkommandos zur besonderen Verwendung ( Genkdo z . b . V . ) " . By the end of the war , the Corps was serving on the Western Front as part of " Armee - Abteilung A " with the following composition : Commanders . VI Cavalry Corps / 59th Corps had the following commanders during its existence :
USNS Bruce C . Heezen ( T - AGS - 64 ) USNS " Bruce C . Heezen " ( T - AGS 64 ) is a " Pathfinder " class oceanographic survey ship . It is the fifth ship in the class . She is named after Bruce C . Heezen , who was the leader of the team from Columbia University that discovered the Mid - Atlantic Ridge during the 1950s . The ship was the first Navy vessel to be named by civilians . Nine students from Oaklawn Elementary School in Cranston , RI named the ship after winning a contest sponsored by the Navy . Amanda Baillargeon , James Coogan , Meagan Durigan , Stephen Fish , Patricia Gumbley , John Lucier , Sara Piccirilli , Dana Scott , and Rebecca Webber were led by their teacher Marilyn Remick .
USS Foss ( DE - 59 ) USS " Foss " ( DE - 59 ) , a of the United States Navy , was named in honor of Ensign Rodney Shelton Foss ( 1919 – 1941 ) , who was killed in action during the Japan ese attack on the Hawaiian Islands . " Foss " was launched on 10 April 1943 by Bethlehem - Hingham Shipyard , Hingham , Massachusetts ; sponsored by Mrs . George R . Foss , mother of Ensign Foss ; and commissioned on 23 July 1943 , with Lieutenant Commander J . J . Jordy , USNR in command . Service history . 1943 – 1950 . " Foss " sailed from Boston on 22 September 1943 for the Netherlands West Indies to escort a tanker convoy back to New York . From New York , she put to sea once more on 13 October , again with a group of tankers and , after calling at Aruba , crossed the Atlantic to Dakar , Oran and Algiers , returning by way of Aruba and the Canal Zone to New York . Between 26 December and 9 October 1944 , " Foss " operated on the New York - Derry convoy route , making seven voyages to build up forces in Europe for the Normandy invasion and to support the advance on the continent once the landings had been made . Assigned to operational development activities in anti - submarine warfare , " Foss " sailed out of Washington , New London , Charleston , Norfolk , and ports in Florida during the next six years . She tested equipment for the Naval Research Laboratory and conducted operations under the direction of the Fleet Sonar School , the Anti - submarine Development Detachment , and the Operational Development Force . In 1946 , she was equipped with ship / shore power conversion equipment , with which , during the winter of 1947 - 48 , she provided Portland , Maine , with emergency electric power after normal power resources had failed because of forest fires and lack of rain . In August 1950 , " Foss " took part in rocket experiments at Cape Canaveral , recording data after seaward firings . 1950 – 1957 . Reassigned to the Pacific Fleet , " Foss " departed Norfolk on 29 September 1950 , reaching San Diego on 11 October . Six days later , she sailed for duty in Korea , where her special ability to provide power to the shore was used at Chinnampo , Inchon , and Hŭngnam in November and December . She arrived at Ulsan Man on 25 December and remained until 18 August 1951 , providing power for an Army unit stationed there . Returning to San Diego on 10 September , " Foss " served in ordnance tests until 21 September , when she raised Pearl Harbor , her new home port . During the next five years , she operated locally in the Hawaiian Islands , as well as making two cruises on surveillance patrol through the islands of the Pacific Trust Territory and two tours of duty in the Far East . During her 1955 tour , she served as station ship at Hong Kong . In June 1957 , " Foss " returned to the west coast and was decommissioned and placed in reserve at Mare Island Naval Shipyard on 30 October 1957 . Awards . " Foss " received one battle star for Korean War service .