naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Lawrence Weathers Lawrence Carthage Weathers VC ( 14 May 1890 – 29 September 1918 ) was a New Zealand - born soldier who served in the Australian Army during the First World War . He was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Weathers was born in Te Kopuru , near Dargaville , New Zealand , on 14 May 1890 . His parents were originally from Australia and returned there when he was seven years old . The family settled in rural South Australia and Weathers was educated at Snowtown Public School . After leaving school he worked as an undertaker in Adelaide . In 1913 he married Annie Elizabeth Watson , and the couple had two children . His elder brother was killed during the Gallipoli Campaign . First World War . In early 1916 , Weathers enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force and was posted to 43rd Battalion . He embarked for England for further training in June 1916 , and reached the Western Front in November . He took ill in early 1917 and was hospitalised for several weeks . He returned to the front lines in time to participate in the Battle of Messines during which he was wounded . He did not return to his unit until December 1917 . He was promoted to lance corporal in March 1918 and two months later , required medical treatment following a gas attack near Villers - Bretonneux . During the Battle of Mont Saint - Quentin , the 43rd Battalion was involved in fighting around the village of Allaines , near Mont St . Quentin , on 2 September 1918 . The defending Germans proved difficult to remove . Weathers went forward to the German positions on a sole foray with bombs ( grenades ) , and killed several defenders , including the commander . He exhausted his supply of grenades and returned to his battalion lines to retrieve more . Accompanied by three more men , he returned to the German positions and resumed bombing the trenches with his three companions providing cover fire . His bombing efforts distracted the Germans long enough for a platoon to capture the position and 180 defenders . He was recommended for the Victoria Cross ( VC ) , the citation for which read : Shortly afterwards , Weathers was promoted to temporary corporal . Less than a month later , Weathers received serious wounds north - east of Peronne during an artillery barrage . He died three days afterwards on 29 September 1918 without knowing he would receive the VC , the award of which was gazetted on 24 December 1918 . He is buried at the Unicorn Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery , Vendhuile . He was survived by his wife and children and his VC is currently in the hands of a private collector .
Battle of Eperjes The Battle of Eperjes ( now : " Prešov " ) was fought on August 11 , 1685 , near the city of Eperjes in the Kingdom of Hungary , between the forces of the Ottoman Empire , and the forces of the Holy Roman Empire as part of the Great Turkish War . The Habsburg army defeated the invading forces of Imre Thököly .
New York Fighter Wing The New York Fighter Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the I Fighter Command , stationed at Mitchel Field , New York It was inactivated on 10 April 1944 . The wing was a World War II air defense organization , reporting to First Air Force , responsible for the air defense of the New York City metropolitan area . The wing was also a training organization for fighter groups and personnel , with assigned groups subsequently deploying to overseas theaters .
6th Mountain Artillery Regiment ( Italy ) The 6th Mountain Artillery Regiment ( ) was a field artillery regiment of the Italian Army , specializing in mountain combat . Since their formation the Mountain Artillery Regiments have served alongside the Alpini , a mountain infantry corps of the Italian Army , that distinguished itself in combat during World War I and World War II . The Alpini and Mountain Artillery regiments share , besides their close history , the distinctive Cappello Alpino .
473rd Infantry Regiment ( United States ) The 473rd US Infantry Regiment was an infantry unit that served on the Italian Front during World War II . It was created on January 14 , 1945 from existing anti - aircraft units that were no longer needed to defend against enemy aircraft . It was raised from the Headquarters Troop , 2nd Armored Group and the 434th , 435th , 532nd and 900th Anti - Aircraft Artillery - Automatic Weapons Battalions . Most of the elements of the 473rd had been parts of Task Force 45 . This was a division - sized unit built around the US 45th Anti - Aircraft Artillery Brigade with attached British , Brazilian , and Italian elements . The 473rd Inf Regt , a white unit , was assigned for some time to the black 92nd Infantry Division starting from February 24 , 1945 until May 17 , 1945 . It was used to replace the black 365th Infantry Regiment , which was reassigned to US IV Corps . In August 1945 it was deactivated in Italy . Components . Colonel Willis D . Cronk of Headquarters Troop , 2nd Armored Group was placed in command during the reorganization but was soon replaced by Col . William P . Yarborough . Units : Headquarters Company , 473rd
186th ( 2 / 2nd West Riding ) Brigade The 186th ( 2 / 2nd West Riding ) Brigade was a formation of the Territorial Force of the British Army . It was assigned to the 62nd ( 2nd West Riding ) Division and served on the Western Front during the First World War .
Dennis Mahony Dennis Augustin Mahony ( January 20 , 1821 , Rosscarbery , County Cork , Ireland – November 6 , 1879 ) was one of the founders of the Dubuque " Herald " ( now the " Telegraph Herald " ) , a newspaper in Dubuque , Iowa , during the American Civil War . Biography . Mahony was born in Rosscarbery , County Cork , Ireland . At the age of 9 , he emigrated with his family to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania in 1831 . He studied theology and law before moving to Iowa in 1843 , but initially held several other jobs ( teaching , postmaster , justice of the peace ) before being admitted to the bar in 1847 . He was elected to the Iowa House of Representatives from Jackson County in 1848 . In 1849 he became editor of " The Miner ' s Express " ; and in 1852 he co - founded the " Dubuque Herald " , the first daily paper in Iowa . Mahony was also active in regional politics . He was a highly partisan Northern Democrat of Copperhead sympathies and wrote articles that negatively criticized Abraham Lincoln and the conduct of the Civil War . He was arrested on August 14 , 1862 by U . S . Marshal H . M . Hoxie for publishing an editorial article that was allegedly disloyal to the government . He was transported from Dubuque to Washington D . C , and held at the Old Capitol Prison . He was released from prison on November 10 , but only after signing a document stating that he would " form an allegiance to the United States , and would not bring any charges against those who had arrested and confined him . " During his captivity , he was the Democratic nominee for Congress ; he was defeated by William B . Allison . He would later serve two terms as sheriff of Dubuque County . Mahony wrote a book about his experience entitled " Prisoner of State " which was published in 1863 . He , Stilson Hutchins , and John Hodnett established the " St . Louis Star " newspaper in 1866 , but Mahony sold his share and returned to Dubuque , where he edited the " Dubuque Telegraph " until his death . He is buried at St . Patrick ' s Cemetery in Garry Owen , Iowa in the northwest corner of Jackson County , a few miles south of Bernard , Iowa .
23rd Indiana Infantry Regiment The 23rd Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 4 officers and 68 enlisted men killed in action or died of wounds and 2 officers and 143 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 217 fatalities .
HMS Squirrel ( 1755 ) HMS " Squirrel " was a Royal Navy sixth rate post ship , built in 1755 . History . HMS " Squirrel " was originally constructed in Woolwich Dockyard and launched on 23 October 1755 , and mounted 20 guns , all on the upper deck . After serving during the French and Indian War , she was used to enforce customs laws in New England prior to the American Revolution . In 1764 while in Newport , Rhode Island " Squirrel " came to the assistance of HMS " St John " , which was attacked by American colonists on Goat Island ( Rhode Island ) . " Squirrel " was in active service until she was sold on 16 January 1783 .
Corneliu Calotescu Corneliu Calotescu ( 1889 - 1970 ) was a Romanian Major - General during World War II . He served as Secretary - General to the Under - Secretary of State of Land Forces in 1940 . In 1941 , he was Deputy Governor - General of Bucovina then Governor - General of Bucovina . He became General Officer Commanding the 3rd Division in 1943 and went into the reserves in 1944 . In 1945 , Calotescu retired . References . < br >
Sir Hector Munro , 1st Baronet Sir Hector Munro , 1st Baronet of Foulis was a Scottish soldier , noble and clan chief of the highland Clan Munro . He is also by tradition the 19th Baron and 22nd overall chief of the clan . He is however the 12th chief of the Clan Munro who can be proved by contemporary evidence . Hector Munro , 1st Baronet was the younger brother of Robert Munro , 18th Baron of Foulis ( the " Black Baron " ) who left only daughters and was therefore succeeded in the chieftaincy of his clan by his younger brother Hector . They were both sons of Hector Munro , 17th Baron of Foulis . Thirty Years ' War . Hector Munro , 1st Baronet was originally designated " of Clynes " indicating that he was bred for the church . However early in life he embraced a military career . He was an officer of distinction in Sir Donald Mackay , 1st Lord Reay ' s regiment , along with his brother Robert , 18th Baron . Hector Munro served in the Thirty Years ' War under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in his campaign in Germany . Baronetcy . Upon the death of his older brother Robert Munro , 18th Baron of Foulis in 1633 , Hector Munro succeeded in his estates , and returned to Scotland in 1634 to take possession of the family estates and assume his position as head of the clan . Hector Munro was received by Charles I in London , and shortly afterwards was created a Baronet of Nova Scotia . The Royal patent , or diploma , conferring the title is dated 7 June 1634 and says the following : Return to Germany . Having arranged his family affairs Sir Hector Munro , 1st Baronet returned to Germany to resume his military career in the war that still carried on there . He took shipping from Cromarty and landed safely in Hamburg in April 1635 but died that same month in that town . He was buried at " Buckstchood in the Old Land " on the river Elbe . Family . Sir Hector Munro , 1st Baronet had married in July 1619 at Tongue , Sutherland , in Scotland . He married Mary Mackay , daughter of Hugh Mackay of Farr , Sutherland , chief of the Clan Mackay . Mary was also the sister of Donald Mackay , 1st Lord Reay . Sir Hector Munro , 1st Baronet and Mary Mackay had four children :
HMS Panther ( 1897 ) HMS " Panther " was a B - class torpedo boat destroyer of the British Royal Navy . She was completed by Laird , Son & Company , Birkenhead , in 1897 . On 20 April 1901 she was commissioned at Devonport by Lieutenant and Commander A . K . Macrorie to take the place of HMS Osprey in the dockyard´s instructional flotilla . In July 1914 , shortly before the Irish Volunteers carried out the Howth gun - running , the " Panther " was sent to Dublin Bay to guard against such a measure . Bulmer Hobson told a colleague " in strict confidence " that an arms landing was planned for Waterford , in the south of the country , hoping that the news would leak to the authorities . The " Panther " duly sailed south , and the way was left clear for the operation at Howth to proceed . She was sold in 1920 . References .
John Chard Medal The John Chard Medal ( Afrikaans : " John Chard - medalje " ) was instituted with effect from 6 April 1952 to replace the Efficiency Medal and the Air Efficiency Award which was previously awarded to members of the Citizen Force between 1939 and 1952 . This bronze medal was awarded to members of the Citizen Force , irrespective of rank , who had completed twelve years ' long and efficient service . The qualifying service did not need necessarily be continuous . The medal is of bronze and the designation and significance is the same as that of the John Chard Decoration . Distinguishing insignia in silver are worn on the ribbon . A miniature anchor denotes that qualifying service was in the SA Navy , crossed swords in the SA Army and an eagle in the SA Air Force . A member eligible to receive the John Chard Medal after 1 July 1975 could elect to receive the SADF Good Service Medal ( Bronze ) instead . The member was , however , thereafter restricted to the series chosen . This stipulation in the Government Gazette seems to contradict the option offered under the regulations for the award of the John Chard Decoration and the SADF Good Service Medal .
HMS Lagos ( D44 ) HMS " Lagos " ( D44 ) was a " Battle " - class destroyer of the Royal Navy . She was named in honour of the Battle of Lagos which happened in 1759 off the coast of Portugal , between the Royal Navy and a French fleet , resulting in a British victory . History . " Lagos " was built by Cammell Laird of Birkenhead . She was one of ten battle class destroyers ordered under the 1942 naval estimates . She was launched on 4 August 1944 and commissioned on 2 November 1945 . Her pennant number was originally ' R44 ' , which was later ( post - 1948 ) changed to ' D44 ' when the Royal Navy rationalised the numbering system . Deployment . Post WWII . In 1946 , after the end of hostilities , " Lagos " deployed to the Far East with the 19th Destroyer Flotilla to join the British Pacific Fleet . Her journey included stops at various ports , such as for example , Port Said ( March ) , Colombo , Singapore , Hong Kong ( May ) , Shanghai ( June ) , before finally reaching Japan in July 1946 . After visiting Japan " Lagos " , along with the rest of the Flotilla , began the journey home to the UK , once again visiting lots of ports on fly - the - flag visits , mainly in Malaya . Upon returning to the UK in early 1947 , " Lagos " was placed in Reserve . In 1957 , " Lagos " joined the 1st Destroyer Squadron , seeing service with the Home and Mediterranean Fleets . The following year , " Lagos " , with the rest of the squadron , joined the Far East Fleet . In 1959 , in the aftermath of her sister - ship " Hogue ' s " , which had suffered extensive damaged in a collision with the Indian warship INS " Mysore " , " Lagos " , as well as another sister - ship , " Solebay " , towed " Hogue " to Singapore . Decommissioning . In 1960 , " Lagos " was decommissioned , being scrapped at Bo ' ness in 1967 .
Ernst - Georg Buchterkirch Ernst - Georg Buchterkirch ( 10 September 1914 – 17 August 1971 ) was an Officer in the German Wehrmacht and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
USS Counsel ( AM - 165 ) USS Counsel ( AM - 165 ) was an Admirable - class minesweeper built for the U . S . Navy during World War II . She was built to clear minefields in offshore waters , and served the Navy in the Pacific Ocean . She was launched 17 February 1943 by Willamette Iron and Steel Works , Portland , Oregon ; and commissioned 27 May 1944 , Lieutenant Commander E . C . Davis , USNR , in command . She was reclassified MSF - 165 , 7 February 1955 . World War II Pacific Ocean operations . Sailing from San Francisco , California , 8 August 1944 , " Counsel " was repaired at Pearl Harbor and escorted a convoy to Eniwetok , arriving 20 September . Five days later she was underway for Saipan for patrol and escort duty during which she rescued three naval aviators off Tinian on 18 October . Arriving at Ulithi 26 October , she continued her patrols , and was assigned on 10 November to escort the damaged to Manus , towing in tandem with SS Watch Hill during the last two days of the trip . " Counsel " returned to Ulithi 24 November , and sailed two days later for the landings on Peleliu , Palau Islands , where she patrolled against submarines until 15 December . After overhaul at Eniwetok " Counsel " sailed out of that port on convoy escort duty to Guam , Saipan , Iwo Jima , Ulithi , and Tarawa , and on antisubmarine patrol and minesweeping operations until the end of the war . She arrived in Buckner Bay , Okinawa , 23 August 1945 , and until 6 November swept mines in Japanese and Chinese waters , from Sasebo . Post - War Decommissioning . On 20 November " Counsel " sailed for home , arriving at San Francisco 19 December . " Counsel " was placed out of commission in reserve 15 January 1947 at San Diego , California . She was struck from the Navy List on 1 July 1972 and sold for scrap , 1 September 1973 . Awards . " Counsel " received one battle star for World War II service .
USS Cisco ( SS - 290 ) USS " Cisco " ( SS - 290 ) , a " Balao " - class submarine , was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the cisco , a whitefish of the Great Lakes . Her keel was laid down by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery , Maine . She was launched on 24 December 1942 sponsored by Mrs . A . C . Bennett , through her proxy , Mrs . N . Robertson , and commissioned on 10 May 1943 with Commander James W . Coe in command . She reported to the Pacific Fleet . " Cisco " sailed from Panama 7 August 1943 for Brisbane , Australia , arriving 1 September to assume local patrol duties , until 18 September , when she docked at Darwin . She put out on her first war patrol 20 September , but never returned . Japanese records tell of sighting a submarine leaking oil on 28 September in an area where " Cisco " is known to have been the only submarine then operating . Japanese records state this submarine was sunk by bombs and depth charge s . " Cisco " is thus presumed to have been lost in action 28 September 1943 . The only survivor from the crew was Chief Radioman Howell B . Rice ( USN ret . ) , who was taken sick in Darwin and sent ashore to the Navy hospital prior to " Cisco ' s " final voyage . Japanese records state that the submarine was attacked by Type 97 " Kate " attack bombers of the 954 Naval Air Squadron and the riverboat " Karatsu " ( originally a U . S . Navy gunboat , , captured by Japanese forces and put to work against her former owners ) .
Arthur Hay , 9th Marquess of Tweeddale Colonel Arthur Hay , 9th Marquess of Tweeddale ( 9 November 1824 – 29 December 1878 ) , known before 1862 as Lord Arthur Hay and between 1862 and 1876 as Viscount Walden , was a Scottish soldier and ornithologist . He was born at Yester , Gifford , East Lothian . He served as a soldier in India and the Crimea . He succeeded his father to the marquess ate in 1876 . He died at Chislehurst , and was succeeded by his brother . Hay purchased a lieutenant cy in the Grenadier Guards in 1841 . He purchased a captain cy in 1846 and was promoted lieutenant - colonel without purchase in 1854 and Colonel in 1860 . In 1866 he transferred to the 17th Lancers . He was president of the Zoological Society of London from 16 January 1868 . His ornithological works were published privately in 1881 by his nephew , Captain Robert George Wardlaw - Ramsay , with a memoir by Dr W . H . Russell , and the attribution Walden is used in taxonomic listings . He had a private collection of birds , insects , reptiles and mammals . He employed Carl Bock to travel to Maritime Southeast Asia and collect specimens . Tweeddale described about 40 species collected by Bock for the first time .
John Freeman ( VC ) John Freeman VC ( 1833 – 1 July 1913 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Background . John Freeman was born in Sittingbourne , Kent in 1833 . He died in Hackney , east London on 1 July 1913 and was buried in Abney Park Cemetery , Stoke Newington . Military career . Freeman was approximately 25 years old , and a private in the 9th Lancers ( The Queen ' s Royal ) Regiment , British Army during the Indian Mutiny when he was awarded the VC for an act of conspicuous bravery . The despatch from Major - General Sir James Hope Grant , KCB , dated 8 April 1858 reads : In " The London Gazette " dated 3 August 1858 , the Nominal Return of Casualties , in action , in Her Majesty ' s Troops at Bareilly , on the 5 , 6 and 7 of May 1858 indicates that Freeman was " dangerously wounded " . His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery at the Imperial War Museum , London .
RAF Hutton Cranswick RAF Hutton Cranswick was a World War II fighter airfield , situated to the south of Driffield and immediately south west of the village of Hutton Cranswick in the East Riding of Yorkshire , England , opened in 1942 and closed in 1946 . History . RAF Hutton Cranswick opened in January 1942 as a fighter airfield within 12 Group . Unusually for the time its three runways were concrete " from new " , many airfields ( particularly fighter airfields ) were initially built with grass runways which were later upgraded to concrete . Many squadrons rotated through the airfield including 610 , 19 , 308 ( City of Kraków ) , 316 ( City of Warsaw ) , 195 , 306 ( City of Torun ) , 302 ( City of Poznan ) , 315 ( City of Deblin ) , 234 , 168 and 170 . From December 1943 the Anti Aircraft Co - operation 291 squadron was formed at the airfield for target towing and similar uses . Whilst in use by 291 other fighter squadrons continued to rotate through including 401 , 403 , 412 , 441 , 442 , 443 ( all flying Spitfires ) and 439 using Typhoons . The final unit to operate from Hutton Cranswick was 124 Squadron using Spitfire IXs . Hutton Cranswick was used by No 16 Armament Practice Camp for about a year until it finally closed in mid 1946 .
30th Operations Group The 30th Operations Group ( 30 OG ) is an operational component of the United States Air Force 30th Space Wing , stationed at Vandenberg Air Force Base , California . The group provides the core capability for West Coast spacelift and range operations . Operations Group professionals are responsible for operating and maintaining the Western Range for spacelift , missile test launch , aeronautical and space surveillance missions . History . Patrolled west coast , 1942 – 1943 , while training crews for other units . Began operations in the Pacific in November 1943 . Attacked enemy installations on the Gilbert Islands in support of U . S . invasion ; raided enemy airfields in the Marshalls to prevent Japanese airplanes launching against Tarawa . From January – March 1944 , bombed installations in the Marshalls in preparation for their occupation . During April – Jul , raided airfields and navy facilities in the Truk Islands to keep them neutralized during the U . S . attack on the Marianas ; also bombed Wake , Guam , and Saipan . From August 1944 until the U . S . took Iwo Jima in early 1945 , the group attacked airfields and shipping in the Bonin and Volcano Islands and hit bypassed islands in the Carolines and Marianas until March 1945 , when group returned to Hawaii for routine patrols and training until inactivated . Search , rescue , and recovery missions in area of Vandenberg AFB , CA , 1993 – . Launched meteorological and surveillance satellites into polar earth orbit , 1990 – . Launched first interceptor missile in Ground - based Midcourse Defense ( GMD ) program , September 2006 . Deployed airmen worldwide to meet national commitments , 2005 – .