naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Executive Order 13493 Executive Order 13493 is an Executive Order issued by United States President Barack Obama ordering the identification of lawful options to the detention of captives in the Guantanamo Bay detention camp s , in Cuba . The full title of the order is : " Executive Order 13493 - Review of Detention Policy Options " . In Executive Order 13492 Obama had ordered the camps ' closure , within a year . But Guantanamo Bay detention camp has still yet to be closed , as of May 2011 there was 171 captives still being held . Executive Order 13493 was a follow up to Executive Order 13492 , in it Barack Obama laid out the Special Interagency Task Force . The Special Interagency Task Force job find lawful options of places to put captured or apprehended individuals with armed conflict and counterterrorism operations . Staff . Either Co - Chair is responsible to designate offices and employees with in departments . Other agencies can request to work on the Special Interagency Task Force with the approval of the Co - Chairs and the heads of the agency they come from . Operation . The Co - Chairs are in charge of meetings ; they determine agendas and directs the agencies work . The Co - Chairs can make and direct subgroups that are staffed by only workers of the Special Interagency Task Force . Mission . " The mission of the Special Task Force shall be to conduct a comprehensive review of the lawful options available to the Federal Government with respect to the apprehension , detention , trial , transfer , release , or other disposition of individuals captured or apprehended in connection with armed conflicts and counterterrorism operations , and to identify such options as are consistent with the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States and the interests of justice . " < http : / / edocket . access . gpo . gov / 2009 / pdf / E9 - 1895 . pdf > Administration . The task force is for administrative purposes within the Department of Justice who will support and fund the Special Task Force . Report . The Special Task Force must give the President a report through the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and the Council to the President on the operation of the task force . Termination . The Co - Chair can terminate the task force when its duties are complete .
Josep Moragues i Mas Josep Moragues i Mas ( ) ( Sant Hilari Sacalm , 1669 - Barcelona , 1715 ) was a Catalan general during the War of the Spanish Succession . He fought on the Archduke Charles side . After Barcelona was defeated on September 11 , 1714 , he tried to sail to Majorca in order to continue the resistance against Philippist invasion , but he was betrayed and imprisoned . He was tortured and finally executed on May 27 , 1715 . His corpse was butchered , the head placed inside a cage which was hanged in the streets for 12 years . This was intended as a warning for those who might rebel against the new King ' s power . Later political significance . Catalanists regard him as a national hero , a martyr for Catalonia . As with Rafael Casanova , there are several homages and floral offerings around monuments dedicated to him during commemorations of September 11 , which was instituted by Catalanists in the 19th century as the National Day of Catalonia in remembrance of the battle fought and lost by Moragues amongst others .
Basha ( tarpaulin ) A Basha is a waterproof canvas or plastic sheet with eyelet s or loops on the perimeter , which is used in camping , outdoor , or military situations to act as a shelter , in the form of an impromptu tent and / or groundsheet , usually supported with bungee cords attached to trees . Military application . They are used by the military , particularly the British Army and the Australian Army as a shelter while in the field or on operations . They are lightweight and can be put up rapidly , and camouflaged simply with foliage specific to the area of operation . Their low profile gives them a small silhouette , and many are also Infra - red Reflective or IRR , which makes them , and their occupants , less visible to enemy infrared detection equipment . Normally bashas are erected in woods , as the trees both serve to give visual cover and support the basha through bungee cords or rope . Because they are nearly invisible if well camouflaged , they are ideal for forming covert observation post s or OPs . The word Basha is a Malay word meaning Shelter or hut and was first introduced into the British Army vocabulary by Veterans of the Malayan Campaign ( 1950 – 1959 ) e . g . Malayan Scouts , who would eventually evolve into the 22nd Special Air Service Regiment ( SAS ) .
Jan Heidatel Jan Rotwill Heidatel ( 1801 – 21 March 1871 , Kraków ) was a famous Russian engineer , general - mayor , Candidate of Philosophy , head of Liepāja port . Heidatel was born to a French father and Polish mother . While studying in the Vilnius University he joined the secret Filaret Association . From 1824 served in the Corpus of Water Communications belonging to the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Empire . In February 1825 as an officer he was sent to Arkhangelsk , later promoted to general he was a head of the region of communication tracts in Kaunas . In 1830 he took part in the November Uprising . After 1850 he worked in Liepāja . Heidatel was married and had two children . He died in Kraków , his burial service was held in St . Anna Roman Catholic church , he was buried in the Powązki Cemetery .
Fort Jones ( Mount Oliver ) Fort Jones , with its companion , Fort Laughlin were Civil War redoubt s , built by the employees of Jones and Laughlin Steel in June and July 1863 for the defense of Pittsburgh from a suspected invasion by Confederate troops . It is named for Benjamin Franklin Jones , a local businessman . Fort Jones occupied the top of a hill in Mount Oliver , Pennsylvania . It was totally destroyed in 1868 , and became the site of St . Joseph ' s Church at 438 Ormsby Street , for which the site was originally purchased . The church is now closed . It was sometimes known as " Fort Jackson " , in honor of Brig . General Conrad Feger Jackson , killed in the Battle of Fredericksburg , Virginia , in December 1862 .
Patrick Brind Admiral Sir Eric James Patrick Brind GBE KCB ( 1892 – 1963 ) was the first Commander - in - Chief Allied Forces Northern Europe . Naval career . Brind served in World War I on the Gunboat HMS " Excellent " followed by HMS " Malaya " and finally on the monitor HMS " Sir John Moore " . After the War he was Captain of HMS " Orion " and then of HMS " Birmingham " . He also served in World War II as Chief of Staff to the Commander - in - Chief , Home Fleet from 1940 to 1942 when he became Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff . He was made Commander of cruisers in the British Pacific Fleet in 1945 . He became President of the Royal Naval College , Greenwich , in 1946 and then Commander - in - Chief for the Far East Station in 1949 . It was under Brind ' s command as C - in - C Far East station that HMS " Amethyst " sailed up the Yangtze River and was stranded there for six weeks . He was made Commander - in - Chief , Allied Forces Northern Europe in 1951 ; he retired in 1953 .
José María Santocildes José María Francisco Silvestre Santocildes y de Llanos ( 29 June 1771 – 6 March 1847 ) was a famous Spanish noble , field marshal and general during the Peninsular War . Santocildes was born in Barcelona . He commanded in the defense of Astorga , Spain when it was besieged by French Napoleonic troops in 1810 . In 1814 , after the war , was appointed as Jefe del Estado Mayor General del Ejército . Santocildes died in Barcelona .
William H . Barnes William Henry Barnes ( c . 1840 or 1845 - December 24 , 1866 ) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor . Biography . Barnes worked as a farmer before enlisting in the Army from Norfolk , Virginia , on February 11 , 1864 . He joined as a private into Company C of the 38th United States Colored Infantry Regiment . His enlistment papers record his age as 23 , implying a birth year of 1840 or 1841 , but other sources give his birth as 1845 . At the Battle of Chaffin ' s Farm , on September 29 , 1864 , Barnes ' regiment was among a division of black troops assigned to attack the center of the Confederate defenses at New Market Heights . The defenses consisted of two lines of abatis and one line of palisade s manned by Brigadier General John Gregg ' s Texas Brigade . The attack was met with intense Confederate fire ; over fifty percent of the black troops were killed , captured , or wounded . Barnes was awarded the Medal of Honor for being " [ a ] mong the first to enter the enemy ' s works ; although wounded . " His medal was issued six months after the battle , on April 6 , 1865 , and he was promoted to Sergeant another three months later , on July 1 , 1865 . Barnes remained in the Army after the war , traveling to Texas with his regiment . He died of tuberculosis at an Army hospital in Indianola on December 24 , 1866 . A marker in his memory was placed in San Antonio National Cemetery , San Antonio , Texas . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , Company C , 38th U . S . Colored Troops . Place and date : At Chapins Farm , Va . , September 29 , 1864 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Birth : St . Marys County , Md . Date of issue April 6 , 1865 . Citation :
USS Quastinet ( AOG - 39 ) USS " Quastinet " ( AOG - 39 ) was a acquired by the U . S . Navy for the dangerous task of transporting gasoline to warships in the fleet , and to remote Navy stations . " Quastinet " was named by the U . S . Navy after Quastinet , a river in Massachusetts . Construction . " Quastinet " , sponsored by Mrs . E . S . Chappelear , was laid down 2 August 1944 as MC hull 1802 by East Coast Shipyard , Inc . , Bayonne , New Jersey . Constructed and converted concurrently , the vessel was launched on 24 September 1944 . Acquired by the Navy from the Maritime Commission on 28 October 1944 , the ship was commissioned on 6 November 1944 , Lt . Lawrence A . Snider in command . East Coast operations . Following shakedown , " Quastinet " reported for duty to Commander , Service Force , Atlantic , 28 January 1945 . Decommissioning . Following assignment to the 12th Naval District , " Quastinet " was decommissioned 16 April 1946 and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 21 May . She was transferred to the Maritime Commission on 9 September 1946 .
Charles G . Ross ( aviator ) Brigadier Charles Gordon Ross ( born 12 March 1892 , date of death unknown ) was a career soldier who served in both the Royal Air Force and the South African Air Force . He was a quadruple ace , being credited with 20 victories during World War I . World War I service . Ross originally served in the Royal Flying Corps , having joined in August 1917 . He was assigned to 29 Squadron RAF on 25 March 1918 as a Royal Aircraft Factory SE . 5 a pilot . He began his victory roll on 26 May 1918 ; by 10 November , the day before the armistice , he had accounted for two observation balloons and sixteen enemy planes destroyed , and two planes driven down out of control . Although he shared some of his victories with others , such as Francis James Davies , Reginald H . Rusby , Ernest Charles Hoy , and Arthur Reed , Ross also singlehandedly destroyed eight enemy fighters . Post World War I . Ross stayed with his squadron when it was posted to Cologne as part of the Army of Occupation . In 1921 , he left the RAF to enroll in the new South African Air Force . He was awarded the CBE during World War II , and retired a Brigadier . Honors and awards . Distinguished Flying Cross ( DFC ) awarded 2 November 1918 Lt . Charles Gordon Ross . A bold and skilful airman who has , during the last few months , accounted for four enemy machines . On 8 August , when on offensive patrol , he engaged a two - seater , driving it down . On his return journey he saw a hostile balloon , which he destroyed , the observer escaping in his parachute . Distinguished Flying Cross ( DFC ) Bar awarded 3 December 1918 Lieut . ( A . / Capt . ) Charles Gordon Ross , D . F . C . ( FRANCE ) A fine fighting pilot and leader who has destroyed twelve enemy machines . On 2 October he , with three other machines , attacked eight Fokker biplanes ; in the engagement that followed four of these were destroyed , Capt . Ross accounting for one . Belgian Croix de Guerre Awarded by His Majesty , King of the Belgians , on 15 July 1919 . Insignia of the Order of Saint Sava ( Fourth Class ) Awarded by His Majesty , the King of the Serbs , Croats and Slovenes , on 31 July 1929 Order of the British Empire Charles Gordon Ross was appointed an Additional Commander of the Military Division of the Order of the British Empire on 1 January 1945 . References . " Above the Trenches : a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915 - 1920 . " Christopher F . Shores , Norman L . R . Franks , Russell Guest . Grub Street , 1990 . ISBN 0 - 948817 - 19 - 4 , ISBN 978 - 0 - 948817 - 19 - 9 .
Tribunus laticlavius In the Roman army of the late Republic and the Principate , the tribunus laticlavius ( " broad - striped tribune " ) was one of the six military tribune s in a legion . The post was created by the Marian reforms . Its holder stood just below the " legatus legionis " , the legion ' s commander , and above the other five " tribuni angusticlavii " ( and later the " praefectus castrorum " ) . The position was the first step of the traditional " cursus honorum " , the formalized sequence of public offices held by Roman nobles of the senatorial class ( conversely , the " tribuni angusticlavii " were knights ) . Thus the " tribunus laticlavius " would usually be a man in his early twenties who might belong to one of the richest families in Rome or be a close friend to the legionary commander . After two or three years in the army he would go back to Rome and be given a government job , usually a quaestorship .
Lympne Castle Lympne Castle is a mediaeval castle near the village of Lympne , Kent , above Romney Marsh . Today , it is used primarily as a venue for corporate events and weddings . It is generally not open to the public . The Estate Manager is Rod Aspinall . Lympne Castle is believed to be haunted , and has attracted mediums and ghost - hunters over the years . In September 1978 , the band Wings recorded some sessions for their album " Back to the Egg " at the castle .
USS Parris Island ( AG - 72 ) USS " Parris " Island ( AG - 72 ) was a patrol craft escort named for Parris Island , South Carolina ( part of the Sea Islands chain , and home to Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island since 1915 ) . Originally built as PCE – 901 , she was laid down on 10 May 1943 by the Willamette Iron and Steel Corporation of Portland , Oregon ; launched on 8 July 1943 ; reclassified USS " Parris Island " ( AG – 72 ) on 28 April 1944 ; and placed in service on 30 October 1944 . Service history . " Parris Island " was assigned to the Commandant 13th Naval District on 14 November 1944 , upon completion of shakedown trials , and was transferred to the 11th Naval District on 26 November . She performed coastal duties until she was placed out of service on 19 June 1947 . She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 August 1947 and turned over to the Maritime Commission on 20 January 1948 at San Diego . In 1948 , " Parris Island " was sold to Honduran registry . She retained her original name , serving as M / V " Parris Island " , and continued in this capacity into 1970 . Her final fate is unknown .
German submarine U - 542 German submarine " U - 542 " was a Type IXC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down at the " Deutsche Werft " ( yard ) in Hamburg as ' werk ' 363 on 12 June 1942 , launched on 19 January 1943 and commissioned on 7 April with " Oberleutnant " Christian Brandt Coester in command . " U - 542 " began her service career with training as part of the 4th U - boat Flotilla from 7 April 1943 . She was re - assigned to the 10th flotilla for operations on 1 October . She carried out one patrol and did not sink any ships . She was a member of three wolfpack s . She was sunk in November 1943 north of Madeira by a British aircraft . Operational career . Patrol and loss . The boat departed Kiel on 21 October 1943 , moved through the North Sea , negotiated the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and entered the Atlantic Ocean . She was sunk on 28 November 1943 north of Madeira by depth charge s dropped from a British Vickers Wellington of No . 179 Squadron RAF . Fifty - six men died ; there were no survivors .
Hans Witt Hans - Ludwig Witt ( 25 December 1909 in Bautzen — 13 February 1980 in Hamburg - Poppenbüttel ) was a German U - boat commander in World War II and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . With nineteen ships sunk for a total of , he was the thirty - second highest scoring U - Boat ace of World War II . Career . Witt joined the " Reichsmarine " in 1929 , and in October 1940 entered U - boat training , taking command of as part of training flotilla 4th U - boat Flotilla in July 1941 . He then took command of as a member of 2nd U - boat Flotilla in May 1942 . Witt sailed on three successful combat patrols in the western Atlantic and the Caribbean between May 1942 and July 1943 , sinking 19 ships for a total of , including Mexican tankers " Tuxpam " and " Las Choapas " . Witt spent a year on the BdU staff , before returning to active duty in January 1945 commanding , one of the new Type XXI " Elektroboote " that were commissioned under U - boat commanders such as Adalbert Schnee , Peter - Erich Cremer , Carl Emmermann and Erich Topp to try and turn the tide in the Atlantic . However , Witt sailed on no combat patrols and sank no ships in his new U - boat . He died in 1980 .
Preliminary reconnaissance Preliminary ( or pre - D - Day ) reconnaissance is the reconnaissance that is used prior to the principal events of any major theater of war or landing force projection . The term is not similar to the initial word - reconnaissance - , as " preliminary reconnaissance " only prescribes the reconnaissance that is being conducted " beforehand " , and " not during " , any deployments , military operations , or movement of troops . This method of intelligence - gathering generally operates within the highest military intelligence tiers , or level of the intelligence general staff , for intelligence collection management — as it allows the combatant , landing force , and / or task force commanders — to better situate and prepare troops for the best feasible deployment , or landing , to achieve the utmost advantage . Aerial and ground reconnaissance elements are collateral to preliminary reconnaissance since it may require both assets to gain the appropriate preliminary intelligence . Examples of preliminary reconnaissance is best displayed when the United States Marines of the VAC Amphib Recon Company , during World War II , would reconnoiter the beaches and inland for their landing ( task ) force commanders , a method consecutively known as amphibious reconnaissance . The vital intelligence would dictate the actions of the commander ' s tactical battle plan of landing the troops ashore .
David Goggins David Goggins ( born 1975 ) is a Navy SEAL and former Tactical Air Control Party member TACP who served in Afghanistan and is an ultramarathon runner . After several of his friends died in Afghanistan , Goggins began long - distance running to raise money . In 2005 , Goggins entered the 24 hour race in San Diego and was able to run 100 miles in under 19 hours , despite never having run a marathon before . Since then , Goggins has competed in many different long distance running events such as the Las Vegas Marathon and the Badwater 135 miler , where he placed highly . By November , 2008 , Goggins had raised $ 200 , 000 for the soldiers ' families . In 2008 he was named a " Hero of Running " by Runner ' s World . In 2012 , David took on the challenge of beating the world record for the most pull - ups done in 24 hours , the main aim of the challenge was to raise money for the Special Operations Warrior Foundation . After 6 hours and 30 minutes in , David had completed 2011 pullups ( halfway to the record ) . By 9 : 15 pm , after 13 . 5 hours David completed pull - up 2588 . He had been in considerable pain for hours as a severe bulge burst through the skin of his right wrist . A medical x - ray at 10 : 30pm confirmed a right extensor polycis complex partial tear . The pull - up bar David used for the Guinness challenge was poorly designed . David used a totally different bar during the months of training prior to this event . Despite not beating the record Goggins managed to raise more than $ 20 , 000 for his chosen charity . On November 27 , 2012 , he completed 3 , 207 pull - ups in 12 hours , but had to stop due to an injury in his right palm . On January 20 , 2013 , in Brentwood , TN , David broke the world record for the most pull - ups done in 24 hours . He completed 4 , 025 pull - ups in 17 hours , and set a new world record . It was David ' s third attempt at breaking the record .
56th Airlift Squadron The 56th Airlift Squadron ( 56 AS ) was most recently part of the 97th Air Mobility Wing at Altus Air Force Base , Oklahoma . It operated C - 5 Galaxy aircraft training pilots for airlift and airdrop operations . Mission . The 56 AS is the Air Force ' s formal school for C - 5 initial and advanced airland and aerial refueling qualification training . The 56th AS ceased operations and inactivated in July 2007 . History . The 56th conducted aerial transportation in Pacific Theater , and participated in the airborne assault on Nadzab , New Guinea , on 5 September 1943 during World War II . The squadron provided training for aircrews in C - 124 aircraft from 1966 - 1968 . With the arrival of the Air Force ' s first C - 5 Galaxy on 17 December 1969 , the 56th became the first operational C - 5 squadron in the Air Force . It has provided training and transition flying training for aircrews in C - 5 aircraft since 1969 . It also supported U . S . forces in Southeast Asia , April 1972 - December 1974 .
HIPO Corps The HIPO Corps ( Danish : HIPO - korpset ) was a Danish auxiliary police corps , established in 1944 by the German Gestapo when the Danish police was disbanded and most of the regular policemen on September 19 , 1944 were arrested and deported to Nazi concentration camps in Germany . Most members were recruited among Danish collaborators . The word " HIPO " is an abbreviation of the German word " Hilfspolizei " . The purpose of HIPO was to help the Gestapo as an auxiliary police unit . HIPO was organized under , and quite similar to , the Gestapo . Some men were uniformed to be visible and some dressed as civilians and workied in secrecy . The uniformed men wore a black uniform with the Danish police insignia . HIPO , as well as the Gestapo , had their own informers . The major difference was that most of the Gestapo were Germans working in an occupied country , while the HIPO Corps consisted entirely of Danes working for the German occupiers . During the last winter of the war HIPO members killed , tortured , blew up houses , factories and even Tivoli in Copenhagen ordered by Adolf Hitler personally and the Nazi occupation forces . The Lorenzen group , also known as section 9c , was an armed paramilitary group of Danes subordinate to the HIPO Corps . After the war , service in the HIPO corps was one of those crimes of collaborationism that retroactively became capital offense s . Some 2 - 300 HIPO members were prosecuted under these laws , of which about a dozen were executed . A somewhat larger number received death sentences that were later reduced to long prison terms or paroled .