naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Shabin - Karahisar uprising Shabin - Karahisar uprising ( June 2 – 30 , 1915 ) was a resistance effort by the Armenian militia of the Hunchaks of the Giresun Province against Ottoman troops during the Armenian Genocide . They had resisted the Ottoman onslaught for a duration of a month . The Armenians had positioned themselves in a fort right outside the town where about 250 men fought off Turkish soldiers . Background . News of the massacres in other regions of Western Armenia made the people of Shabin - Karahisar think that their " turn " was coming soon . In April , 1915 , hundreds of young men were suddenly imprisoned . In June , 1915 , the region ' s Armenian religious leader was executed . Then , 200 Armenian merchants were killed as a part of a systematic campaign of genocide by the Ottoman authorities . The able - bodied Armenians of Shabin - Karahisar thus decided to confront the Ottomans . They started by burning their own homes and fortified themselves in a nearby castle . Many Ottoman soldiers fell those days . After weeks of confrontation , the Armenian militia had no ammunition left . They decided to come out from the castle and fight with their own bare hands . Now , there were only women , children , and elderly in the city , who were all massacred following the resistance ' s suppression . Shabin Karahisar ` ( Şebinkarahisar ) was the birthplace of Andranik Ozanian a well - known Armenian fedayee . The resistance at Shabin Karahisar was chronicled by Aram Haigaz , who survived the siege and subsequent deportation , in his book " The Fall of the Airie " . The book is an oft cited eyewitness account of the events .
Brucheville Airfield Brucheville Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield , which is located near the commune of Brucheville in the Basse - Normandie region of northern France . Located in the vicinity of Brucheville , the United States Army Air Force established a temporary airfield on 6 July 1944 , shortly after the Allied landings in France The airfield was constructed by the IX Engineering Command , 843d Engineer Aviation Battalion . History . Known as Advanced Landing Ground " A - 16 " , the airfield consisted of a single 5000 ' ( 1500m ) Prefabricated Hessian Surfacing / Compressed Earth runway ( 3600 PHS / 1400 ETH ) aligned 07 / 25 . In addition , tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . The 36th Fighter Group , based P - 47 Thunderbolt fighters at Brucheville from 4 July though 25 August 1944 . The fighter planes flew support missions during the Allied invasion of Normandy , patrolling roads in front of the beachhead ; strafing German military vehicles and dropping bombs on gun emplacements , anti - aircraft artillery and concentrations of German troops in Normandy and Brittany when spotted . After the Americans moved east into Central France with the advancing Allied Armies , the airfield was closed on 5 September 1944 . Today the airfield consists of agricultural fields .
Emanuel Schäfer Emanuel Schäfer ( April 20 , 1900 – December 4 , 1974 ) was an " SS " - " Oberführer " ( Senior Colonel ) and a protégé of Reinhard Heydrich in Nazi Germany . Schäfer was born in Hultschin ( Hlučín ) ( today Czech Republic ) in the Province of Silesia . He served in World War I in a Field Artillery Regiment . After the war , he participated in far - right Freikorps groups such as the Marinebrigade Ehrhardt and from 1925 – 28 , the " Stahlhelm " . With Catholic origins , he became a Protestant in 1928 , before designating himself to be a " Gottgläubiger , " ( Gottgläubiger , those who broke away from Christianity . The term implies someone who still believes in God , although without having any religious affiliation . Like the Communist Party in the USSR , the Nazis were not favorable toward religious institutions , but unlike the Communists , they did not promote or require atheism on the part of their membership ) , as early as 1936 . Schäfer joined the " Sturmabteilung " ( SA ) in 1933 and was appointed group leader on April 20 , 1933 . He was an active member of the " Sicherheitsdienst " ( SD ) , the SS security service , in 1933 , and entered the " Schutzstaffel " ( SS ) in September 1936 . Schäfer took part in the discussion in Berlin on September 21 , 1939 , with Heydrich , his department chiefs of the RSHA ( Reich Main Security Office ) , and Adolf Eichmann . During World War II , Schäfer was head of the Nazi security police in Serbia . Between January and May 1942 , Schäfer supervised the gassing of around 7 , 300 Jews in the Semlin camp across the Sava river from Belgrade . A Saurer gas van was used to kill the Jews . In May , Schäfer boasted that " Belgrade was the only great city in Europe that was free of Jews . " In Germany after the war , Schäfer was sentenced to six and a half years in prison for his war crimes . Emanuel Schäfer died in 1974 at age 74 .
Type 94 Armoured Train The Type 94 Armoured train was built in 1934 and used by the Japan ese forces in World War II . It had 8 cars ( later 9 ) and loaded two Type 14 10cm AA Gun and two Type 88 AA Guns . This armoured train was deployed as the 1st Armoured Train Unit in Manchuria .
Carl - August Petersen Carl - August Petersen ( 26 May 1912 – 23 November 1980 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Luftwaffe . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . leadership .
Weeting Castle Weeting Castle is a 12th - century ruin with a three - story - high tower in Weeting , Norfolk , near Brandon , Suffolk , England . Despite the name , it is not a castle but actually a fortified manor house . It has a large open hall and an attached two - storey chamber block . There ' s a domed brick ice - house on the northwest corner of the moat and a small car park next to the church . The moat was added in the 14th century . The place is thought to have been abandoned in 1390 . It is now owned by English Heritage . Entry is free and the location is open all year for visitors .
Globe KDG Snipe The Globe KDG Snipe was an American target drone , built by the Globe Aircraft Corporation for use by the United States Navy . The KDG , and its modified version , the KD3G Snipe , served between 1946 and the early 1950s . Design and development . The KDG Snipe was a small , mid - winged target drone , operated by radio control . The Snipe was designed to be launched by use of a catapult system ; if the aircraft was not destroyed during its mission , it would deploy a parachute for recovery . The KDG was powered by a McCulloch 4300 two - stroke engine ; an improved version , designated KD3G , was powered by a Kiekhaefer O - 45 opposed piston engine . Operational history . The Snipe entered service with the U . S . Navy in 1946 ; the KDG had been retired from service by 1950 . The improved KD3G model remained in service through the early 1950s .
Grand Master of Artillery The Grand Master of Artillery or Grand Maître de l ' artillerie was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France during the Ancien Régime . The position of Grand Master of Artillery replaced the earlier position of Grand Maître des arbalétriers ( " Grand Master of the Archers " ) . It was made a Great Office of the Crown in 1601 by King Henry IV for the benefit of Maximilien de Béthune , duc de Sully . The Grand Master of Artillery had jurisdiction , at the beginning of the 17th century , over all the officers and the artillery of the French army , as well as oversight over siege s and encampments , the making of gunpowder and cannon s and management of the arsenal s . At the end of the century , the position became merely honorific , and his duties passed to other more specialized officers , most notably the " surintendant des fortifications " .
Edward Northey ( British Army officer ) Major - General Sir Edward Northey , GCMG , CB ( May 1868 – December 1953 ) was a senior British Army officer of the First World War who commanded a brigade on the Western Front until wounded in 1915 . Returning to service in 1916 , Northey took command of a colonial force in Nyasaland in the East African Campaign , later becoming Governor of Kenya . He later served as a general of Territorial forces and retired in 1926 . Birth and early career . Edward Northey was born in 1868 and educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College , Sandhurst , being commissioned into the King ' s Royal Rifle Corps in 1888 . He served in expeditions to Hazara and the Miranzai Valley in 1891 and one to Isazai the following year . In 1899 , Northey took part in the Second Boer War , remaining in the theatre until 1902 . First World War . When the First World War broke out in 1914 , Northey was a lieutenant colonel in the King ' s Royal Rifle Corps and served with the regiment on the Western Front during the first year of the war . In March 1915 , Northey was promoted to brigadier - general and took over the 15th Infantry Brigade but was seriously wounded during the Second Battle of Ypres . The date is unclear , but Northey was reportedly surveying the site of a new communication trench when he was struck in the thigh by shrapnel . Returning to the army in 1916 after recoving from his wound , Northey was posted to Nyasaland in command of the Nyasa - Rhodesia Field Force , operating against Lettow - Vorbeck ' s indigenous and German forces in the East African Campaign . Northey was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1917 and was knighted in the Order of St Michael and St George in 1918 for his war service , the same year he was promoted to major - general . He later advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George . Post - war career . At the war ' s end Northey was appointed Governor of the British East Africa Protectorate , which became known as Kenya in 1920 . On 16 October 1919 " The Times " newspaper reported that Sir Edward Northey had met with an accident , while playing polo , which required the removal of his right eye . The accident occurred in British East Africa . In 1922 , Northey became High Commissioner of Zanzibar , returning to Britain in 1924 to return to military service . On his return , Northey was placed in command of the 43rd ( Wessex ) Infantry Division , a Territorial Army formation . This responsibility was shared with command of the South West Area of Britain , and Northey performed well at both duties until his retirement from military service in 1926 . Northey died in 1953 after a peaceful retirement .
Zhongshan Warship Incident The Zhongshan Warship Incident ( ) , or " March 20th Incident " , on March 20 , 1926 , involved a suspected plot by Captain Li Zhilong of the warship Chung Shan to kidnap Chiang Kai - shek . It triggered a political struggle between the Communist Party of China and Kuomintang . Left wing led by Wang Jingwei against Chiang Kai - shek and the Kuomintang Right wing faction resulting in Chiang becoming the head of the Kuomintang party and commander - in - chief of all the armies for the Northern Expedition . Historians still disagree on whether Li Zhilong really intended to kidnap Chiang Kai - shek , whether the incident was plotted by Chiang Kai - shek to accuse the communists , or whether the whole affair was just " the consequence of a series of miscommunications , misunderstandings , faulty telephone connections and personal rivalries among junior staff " – or even whether Li Zhilong was actually the warship ’ s captain .
French ship Algonquin ( 1753 ) The Algonquin was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . She was launched from Québec City in ( New France ) , on 9 June 1753 and placed into service on 8 January 1754 . In 1755 , she was placed into service for the transportation of nine companies of the régiment de la Reine who embarked in Brest on 14 April 1755 . The 74 - gun ship was armed " en flûte " with 24 guns to allow for more room for the soldiers . The ship was commanded by Captain Jean Baptiste François de La Villéon . The regiment was also reduced to 360 soldiers . " Algonquin " was part of the naval squadron that left for Canada . She became separated from the other ships after the departure on 29 May , because of heavy fog at sea .
Michael C . Horgan Michael C . Horgan ( September 17 , 1846 – November 27 , 1910 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War who served under the alias Martin Howard . He received the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions during the capture of Plymouth , North Carolina . Biography . A native of Ireland , Horgan immigrated to the United States at age five . He enlisted in the U . S . Navy from the state of New York in April 1863 and was assigned as a landsman to the . Horgan enlisted under an assumed name , Martin Howard , and his birth year is recorded as 1843 in his military records . In late October 1864 , the " Tacony " steamed up the Roanoke River in North Carolina with a squadron of Union ships tasked with capturing the city of Plymouth . The had been sunk days earlier , leaving no Confederate ships to oppose the attack . Finding the Roanoke obstructed by the wreckage of sunken vessels , the squadron turned up the Middle River , from which it could lob shells over a stretch of forest and into Plymouth . Fortifications along the river included a 9 - inch artillery gun about from the shore . Confederate soldiers would crawl out to the gun , load it , then retreat to the safety of a bombproof shelter and , when Union ships came within range , fire the weapon by use of a long string . On October 31 , Horgan and a small boat of men from the " Tacony " landed ashore and , under intense small arms fire , disabled the gun by " spiking " it , that is , by driving a metal spike into the touch hole . After exchanging heavy artillery fire with the squadron , the Confederates abandoned their positions and the city quickly fell . For his actions during the battle , Horgan was awarded the Medal of Honor two months later , on December 31 . The medal was issued to " Martin Howard " , the alias under which Horgan had enlisted . Three other men from the gun - spiking group were also awarded the medal : Landsman Henry Brutsche , Landsman Robert Graham , and Quarter Gunner James Tallentine . In December 1864 , he participated in the First Battle of Fort Fisher , North Carolina . While clearing naval mine s ( then known as " torpedos " ) to make way for Union ironclad s , Horgan was lightly wounded by flying shards of wood when a Confederate artillery shell struck nearby . The next month , at the Second Battle of Fort Fisher , he was among a party from the " Tacony " which joined the January 15 assault against the fort . Wounded twice during this action , Horgan spent the next eight months in a hospital . Horgan was discharged from the Navy in April 1868 , having served two terms of enlistment . He died at age 64 and was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Malden , Massachusetts . Medal of Honor citation . Horgan ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Served on board the U . S . S . " Tacony " during the taking of Plymouth , N . C . , 31 October 1864 . Carrying out his duties faithfully during the capture of Plymouth , Howard distinguished himself by a display of coolness when he participated in landing and spiking a 9 - inch gun while under a devastating fire from enemy musketry .
USS Munsomo ( ID - 1607 ) USS " Munsomo " ( ID - 1607 ) was a cargo ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919 . SS " Munsomo " was built as a commercial collier by the Maryland Steel Company at Sparrows Point , Maryland , in 1916 , for the Munson Steamship Company . The U . S . Navy inspected her in the 3rd Naval District in 1917 for possible World War I service , and acquired her from Munson on 28 June 1918 for use as a cargo ship . Assigned the naval registry Identification Number ( Id . No . ) 1607 , she was commissioned as USS " Munsomo " at Baltimore , Maryland , the same day with Lieutenant Commander A . Asborn , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service , " Munsomo " took on a cargo of United States Army supplies and departed New York City on 9 August 1918 to cross the Atlantic in a convoy , bound for France . She reached Nantes , France , on 29 August 1918 . After discharging her cargo she moved on to Le Verdon - sur - Mer , France , then returned to the United States , arriving at Baltimore on 25 September 1918 . On 16 October 1918 , " Munsomo " departed with a mixed cargo for a second transatlantic crossing in convoy , reaching Brest , France , on 2 November 1918 . She proceeded to Nantes to ballast , then returned to the United States , arriving at Newport News , Virginia , on 29 November 1918 . " Munsomo " next made a run to Antilla , Cuba , carrying general supplies and returned to the United States with a cargo of sugar , arriving at New York City . " Munsomo " was decommissioned on 4 February 1919 and transferred to the United States Shipping Board the same day for simultaneous return to Munson Steamship Lines . She returned to mercantile service as SS " Munsomo " . In 1938 , she was sold to Italian interests and renamed SS " Capo Orso " . " Capo Orso " was sunk during World War II by a torpedo dropped by a torpedo plane .
Edwin D . Patrick Major General Edwin Davies Patrick ( 11 January 1894 – 14 March 1945 ) was an American general who was the commander of the 6th Infantry Division during World War II . Biography . Edwin Davies Patrick , born 11 Jan 1894 in Perry County , Indiana , was the son of John Thomas Patrick and Anna Elnore Menninger , sister of Carl Frederick Menninger , founder of the Menninger Clinic . Patrick was raised in Tell City , Indiana , and was commissioned in the Indiana National Guard in 1915 following his graduation from college . He fought in World War I and participated in the Saint - Mihiel and Meuse - Argonne offensive s . During World War II , Patrick served on the staff of Admiral William Halsey for a brief period and then became Chief of Staff of General Walter Krueger ' s 6th Army . He was the commander of the task forces in the battles of Wakde and Noemfoor . Afterwards , he was given command of the 6th Infantry Division . He was mortally wounded in action on 14 March 1945 during the Philippines campaign of 1944 - 45 while leading his men . He was one of only three American division commanders to die in combat action in World War II . Patrick was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross . A Navy transport ship , , was named in his honor .
Edelfrei The term edelfrei or hochfrei ( " free noble " or " free knight " ) was originally used to describe those German noblemen who were distinguished from other free knights by the payment of three times their weregild . Such knights were known as " Edelfreie " or " Edelinge " . In the Holy Roman Empire , the higher nobility ( " Hohe Adel " ) emerged from the " Edelfreie " during the course of the 12th century , in contrast to the so - called " ministeriales " , most of whom were originally unfree knights or " Dienstadel " . In the Middle Ages " edelfrei " or " hochfrei " meant , in simple terms , that someone was a member of an ancient , dynastic aristocratic line . Free noble families were independent of legal obligations of a secondary nature , and they were not subordinated to any other families or dynasties , apart from the king or emperor . The modern concept of aristocracy ( " Uradel " ) must not be confused with the term " edelfrei " , since the former term ' s scope is much broader : all families that can prove they belonged to the knightly aristocracy by no later than around 1400 ( whether originally " edelfrei " or " ministeriales " ) are counted today as " Uradel " , i . e . , the aristocracy . Many " edelfrei " families submitted themselves during the course of the Middle Ages to more powerful feudal lords ; these families are commonly referred to in the literature as " originally edelfrei " . This submission did not always happen under duress . Many vassals attained high positions in the courts of their lords , and vassal service was often very lucrative . Especially at the time of territorial expansion and the emergence of a monetary economy , many " Edelfreie " were dependent on the protection and support of a powerful secular or ecclesiastical lord . And vice versa : a dependent relationship existed , in that larger territories could only be secured and managed with the aid of loyal vassals . The number of " edelfreie " families was limited . A new social order , the " ministeriales " now arose rapidly . These officials , who were mostly unfree in their origins , managed within a century to elevate themselves to the lesser nobility . The differences between " ministeriales " and the old aristocratic families began increasingly to blur . For many aristocratic families that were originally " edelfrei " there is therefore no reliable evidence of their dynastic origins .
USS Crook County ( LST - 611 ) USS " Crook County " ( LST - 611 ) , originally USS " LST - 611 " , was a United States Navy built during World War II and in commission from 1944 to 1956 . Named after Crook County , Oregon , and Crook County , Wyoming , she has been the only U . S . Navy vessel to bear the name . " LST - 611 " was laid down on 17 December 1943 at Seneca , Illinois , by the Chicago Bridge and Iron Company . She was launched on 28 April 1944 , sponsored by Mrs . Ray Hines , and commissioned on 15 May 1944 with Lieutenant Roy E . Burton , Jr . , USNR , in command . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 611 " was assigned to the Pacific Theater of Operations and participated in the Leyte landing in October 1944 and the Mindoro landing in December 1944 . " LST - 611 " operated with the Amphibious Force , United States Pacific Fleet , following World War II and participated in the Inchon landings in September 1950 during the Korean War . On 1 July 1955 , " LST - 611 " was renamed USS " Crook County " ( LST - 611 ) . On 26 October 1956 she was placed in service , in reserve , in caretaker status . Honors and awards . " LST - 611 " earned two battle star s for World War II service and three battle stars for Korean War service .