naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
HMS Unicorn ( 1748 ) HMS " Unicorn " was a 28 - gun " Lyme " - class sixth - rate frigate of the Royal Navy . She was originally ordered as a 24 - gun ship to the draft of the French privateer " Tyger " . The third vessel of the Royal Navy to bear the name , the " Unicorn " , as well as which was a near - sister , were the first true frigates built for the Royal Navy . They were actually completed with 28 guns including the four smaller weapons on the quarterdeck , but the latter were not included in the ship ' s official establishment until 22 September 1756 . The two ships differed in detail , the " Unicorn " having a beakhead bow , a unicorn figurehead , two - light quarter galleries and only five pairs of quarterdeck gunports , while the " Lyme " had a round bow , a lion figurehead , three - light quarter galleries and six pairs of quarterdeck gunports . The " Unicorn " was first commissioned in March 1749 under Captain Molyneaux Shuldham , under whose command she spent her first commission in the Mediterranean until returning home to pay off at Deptford in June 1752 . After repairs , she was recommissioned in January 1753 under Captain Matthew Buckle , and sailed for the Mediterranean again in April 1753 . In February 1756 command passed to Captain James Galbraith , then in that September to Captain John Rawling . After active and continuous service during the Seven Years ' War , she finally paid off in late 1763 , and was broken up in 1771 .
Beer money Beer money is the nickname for an allowance , established in the year 1800 , that was given to non - commissioned officers and soldiers in the British Army . The practice was started at the suggestion of the Prince Frederick , Duke of York and Albany . Beer money payments were 1 penny per day and was a replacement for a daily issuance of beer or spirits while troops were on home service . The allowance continued until 1873 when it was rolled into the soldier ' s daily pay . The phrase " beer money " is still used in England as a colloquialism for personal money set aside for entertainment , such as going to a pub .
117th Infantry Division ( German Empire ) The 117th Infantry Division ( " 117 . Infanterie - Division " ) was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I . The division was formed on April 2 , 1915 , and organized over the next several weeks . It was part of a wave of new infantry divisions formed in the spring of 1915 . The division was disbanded in 1919 , during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . The division was formed primarily from the excess infantry regiments of regular infantry divisions which were being triangularized . The division ' s 233rd Infantry Brigade staff was formerly the staff of the 23rd Infantry Brigade of the 12th Reserve Division , which came to the new division along with the 22nd Reserve Infantry Regiment . The 11th Reserve Infantry Regiment was formerly part of the 11th Reserve Division . The 157th Infantry Regiment came from the 12th Infantry Division . The division was recruited in Silesia . Combat chronicle . The 117th Infantry Division initially fought on the Western Front in World War I , entering the line in the Champagne region . It then fought in the Second Battle of Artois and the Autumn Battle by La Bassée and Arras , which included the Battle of Loos . It remained in the trenches in Flanders and the Artois until February 1916 , and then was in the line on the Yser until July . It then fought in the Battle of the Somme . In August 1916 , the division was transferred to the Eastern Front , arriving in Carpathia later in the month . It faced the Russians in Carpathia until late 1917 , when it went into combat against the Romanians . In October 1917 , the division was transferred to Italy , and went into the line on the Isonzo Front . It fought in the Battle of Caporetto and the follow - on offensive to the Piave River . The division remained in Italy until March 1918 , when it returned to the Western Front . It fought in the Battle of the Lys , also known at the Fourth Battle of Ypres . It remained in the line , and fought against several Allied offensives , including the Meuse - Argonne Offensive . It was facing the Allies between the Meuse and Beaumont when the Armistice came into effect . Allied intelligence rated the division as second class . Order of battle on formation . The order of battle of the 117th Infantry Division on April 5 , 1915 was as follows : Late - war order of battle . The division underwent relatively few organizational changes over the course of the war . Cavalry was reduced , artillery and signals commands were formed , and combat engineer support was expanded to a full pioneer battalion . The order of battle on May 16 , 1918 was as follows :
Master Diver ( United States Navy ) The United States Navy Master Diver is the highest warfare qualification obtainable by a member of U . S . Navy diving community . A Master Diver has the most experience and knowledge on all aspects of diving and underwater salvage . Designation . A Master Diver is qualified to wear the Master Diver badge . An enlisted member who obtains Master Diver status is authorized to have the warfare designator ( MDV ) after his / her rating designator . For example , if Davy Jones is a Navy Diver Chief Petty Officer ( Master Diver ) , then his title / name would be written as NDC ( MDV ) Jones . The title " Master Diver " is customarily used as a form of address rather than the individual ' s rank . Responsibilities . Most qualified person to direct and supervise diving , salvage , ship repair operations and diving programs . Directly responsible to the Commanding Officer for all facets of command diving operations and programs , to include training , equipment , systems , personnel , operations . Develops , updates and oversees diving programs . Manages the development , operation , testing , repair and certification of all USN Diving Equipment , systems and support equipment . Directs the treatment of all diving related injuries , including recompression chamber operations , casualty control operations and mishap reporting procedures . Directs underwater inspections , harbor / port / ship security inspections , including ordnance searching , Ship / submarine repair , salvage , expeditionary salvage and littoral combat , rescue , special warfare operations , underwater cutting and welding , demolition operations and small boat operations . Directs and Supervises Swimmer Delivery Vehicle Dry - Deck Shelter systems , submarine Lock - in / Lock - out systems and submarine rescue chambers . Develops training programs and qualifies personnel in diving equipment , systems and procedures . Trained in advanced diving physics , medicine , differential diagnosis and saturation diving techniques . Directs and supervises surface and underwater demolition operations for salvage , ship husbandry , or underwater construction operations . Employs the principle and techniques of precision demolition in projects requiring cutting , flattening and / or removing of pilings , obsolete moorings , or other obstructions in channels , harbors , open oceans , or otherareas of concern . Supervises the operation , maintenance , and certification of deep dive systems and equipment .
Paul Tobin Paul Tobin was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . A native of Pleyben , France , Tobin joined the U . S . Navy from Brest . By July 3 , 1871 , he was serving as a landsman on the . On that day , while the " Plymouth " was at the Port of Hamburg , Germany , a small boat approached the ship in a strong current . When the boat capsized , Tobin and another sailor , Quarter Gunner George Holt , jumped overboard and rescued one of the boat ' s crewmen . For this action , both he and Holt were awarded the Medal of Honor a year later , on October 10 , 1872 . Tobin ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Plymouth " , Hamburg Harbor , 3 July 1871 . Jumping overboard at the imminent risk of his life , Tobin , with a comrade , rescued from drowning one of a party who was thrown from a shore boat into a 4 - knot running tide while the boat was coming alongside the ship .
M132 Armored Flamethrower The M132 was a United States built flamethrower armed variant of the M113 and M113A1 armored personnel carrier s developed in the early 1960s . Approximately 350 were accepted into service . The first prototype of the vehicle was produced in August 1962 when a flamethrower was mounted on a M113 . This prototype was only used in combat situations four times that year . In December 1964 , the First Armored Cavalry was sent two M132 flamethrower armored vehicles . Based on combat experiences with the vehicle the Army Concept Team advised that four M132s and two M113s be shipped to each regiment . Description . The vehicle was based on an M113 . The driver sits in the front left of the hull . A small cupola in the center of the hull mounts an M10 - 8 flame gun with a coaxial 7 . 62 mm caliber M73 machine gun . The weapons could be traversed though 360 degrees and elevated to + 55 degrees and depressed to - 15 degree . The passenger compartment was removed , and replaced with an M10 fuel and pressure unit and four spherical 50 gallon fuel tanks . The 200 gallon fuel capacity enabled it to fire for up to 32 seconds , and the pressure unit enabled it to reach targets at a range of 200 meters .
Awards and decorations of the Illinois National Guard The current order of precedence for Illinois National Guard awards is found in NGIL 600 - 8 - 22 ( 3 Sept 2010 ) . The following list represents the appropriate order of precedence for Illinois awards . This applies to service members of both the Army and Air National Guard . 1 . Illinois Military Medal for Valor 2 . Illinois Military Distinguished Service Medal 3 . Illinois Military Medal for Merit 4 . Illinois Cross Medal ( pending ) 5 . Abraham Lincoln Medal of Freedom 6 . Illinois Long and Honorable Military Service Medal 7 . Illinois Recruiting Ribbon 8 . Illinois Military Attendance Ribbon 9 . Illinois State Active Duty Ribbon 10 . Illinois Outstanding Service Award 11 . Illinois Distinguished Service Award Awards and decorations of the Illinois National Guard are provided to honor the service and dedication of the men and women who serve in the Illinois Army National Guard and the Illinois Air National Guard . Illinois Military Long and Honorable Service Medal . The Illinois Military Long and Honorable Service Medal is awarded by the State of Illinois to the Army and Air National Guard members assigned to the Illinois Military Department for 5 consecutive years of honorable service . Illinois Military Attendance Ribbon . The Illinois Military Attendance Ribbon is awarded by the State of Illinois to the Army and Air National Guard members assigned to the Illinois Military Department for 2 years of attendance for Drill , Annual Training and other duties as determined by the Adjutant General . Member must have attended at least 75 % of scheduled UTA training as well as Annual Training for the timeframe awarded . Illinois State Active Duty Service Ribbon . The Illinois State Active Duty Service Ribbon is awarded by the State of Illinois to the Army and Air National Guard members assigned to the Illinois Military Department for state activation and mobilization .
BL 9 . 2 inch naval gun Mk VIII The BL 9 . 2 inch naval gun Mk VIII was designed for the new cordite propellants and was the first British wire - wound gun of this calibre . Naval service . It was mounted on the " Powerful " - class cruisers from 1897 . After they were decommissioned some of the guns were used in coast defence in the UK , and from 1916 one was mounted on the monitor HMS " Marshal Ney " .
Aitkenvale Aerodrome Aitkenvale Aerodrome was an aerodrome located southwest of Townsville , Queensland , Australia near Aitkenvale Weir on the banks of the Ross River . It was also known as Weir and Aitkenvale Weir . The aerodrome was constructed in 1942 , during World War II , for the Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) as part of a group of airfields to be used as aircraft dispersal fields in the event of Imperial Japanese attack on the Townsville area . Located adjacent to the Weir State School , it became operational on 9 April 1942 . Initially consiting of a gravel NE - SW runway , which was later sealed with bitumen . It was abandoned after the war and has been redeveloped for housing .
48th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 48th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 48th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Butler , Illinois and mustered into Federal service in September , 1861 . The regiment was mustered out on August 15 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 10 officers and 113 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 6 officers and 251 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 380 fatalities .
Battle of Peñacerrada The Battle of Peñacerrada , a battle of the First Carlist War , occurred at Peñacerrada ( Urizaharra ) on June 20 – 22 , 1838 . The Liberals were commanded by Pedro Saarsfield and Manuel Lorenzo , who had crossed the Ebro after the Battle of Los Arcos . They routed 1 , 500 Carlist troops situated at Peñecerrada . Saarsfield and Lorenzo entered Vitoria - Gasteiz and Bilbao within a week without encountering resistance .
Albert Jacques Verly Albert Jacques Verly was born in Kingston , Jamaica , on 5 January 1815 , was a French commanding officer of Emperor Napoleon III , accompanying him in many battles , and a member of the Cent - gardes Squadron created in May 1854 . He died in Paris on 25 July 1883 . Biography . Albert Jacques Verly was the son of a plantation owner of Saint - Domingue . Orphan at age 6 , he studied in France and then enlisted in the cavalry in 1833 . Becoming officer in 1841 , he was appointed Lieutenant to the 6th Chasseur s Regiment in July 1843 , and Lieutenant in 1847 . In 1848 he becomes commanding officer of the armed forces of the Alps . Promoted to Captain in 1852 , he moved on to the Regiment of Guides , embryo of the guard which provided security for the Prince President . This contact with the future Emperor favors him and then he moves on to the Cent - gardes Squadron . In the middle of his social life , richly married , he took part in military campaigns accompanying the Emperor Napoleon III . He was seriously wounded in the arm on 24 June 1859 at Solferino . Lieutenant Colonel in October 1859 , and then again Colonel on 26 October 1864 , he is kept commanding the Cent Guards as a sign of imperial favor . He is made Baron of the empire in 1867 , Commander of the Legion of Honor in 1869 , receiving numerous foreign decorations thereafter . Despite being linked to the splendor of the empire , he suddenly falls prisoner of the emperor in Sedan . Verly is set to compulsory retirement by the republic in October 1870 .
Alonso de Cordova y Figueroa Alonso de Cordova y Figueroa ( ? - August 9 , 1698 ) Spanish soldier born in Concepción , Chile , son of Alonso de Figueroa y Córdoba and father of the historian Pedro de Cordova y Figueroa . He served as lieutenant , captain of infantry and of cavalry in Lota and San Carlos de Austria ; lieutenant general of cavalry and Sargento Mayor of the Kingdom of Chile .
Ketchum Grenade The Ketchum Hand Grenade was a type of grenade used in the American Civil War . It was patented on August 20 , 1861 by William F . Ketchum , and was partially adopted in the Union Army . They were used in such battles such as Vicksburg and Petersburg ( both major sieges in the war ) . Overview . The grenades have the appearance of a cast - iron ball , or a skinny dart , having fins of cardboard to stabilize the flight . They assured landing on the nose , which was backed by a percussion cap that set off the main powder charge in the body . The grenades were largely inefficient because they had to land on their nose to detonate . In one incident Confederates caught them in blankets and hurled them back at the attackers . Ketchums came primarily in 1 , 3 and 5 lb . varieties . The most recognized Confederate copy is the Raines Grenade ; it was even less effective . In most cases , the body was the same , but a long cloth streamer was substituted for the fins , and the plunger was a contact explosive . Construction . The grenade was a three - piece weapon , consisting of the plunger ( or nostril ) , casing ( body or orange shell , containing main charge ) , and tailpiece . The slightly convex metal plunger was removed to set the percussion cap on the nipple within the casing ; the plunger was refitted through means of depressing by the striking of something hard and solid to drive it back . This proved to be difficult , especially in the fray of battle . The wood tailpiece was removed to place the powder charge inside the shell , and then set firmly back in to hold the powder within . Trajectory had to be an arc in order for the plunger to detonate the piece . A small pressure spring attached to the side of the plunger stem held the plunger in place during flight . The grenade was stabilized by four thin cardboard fins set into a wood tailpiece protruding from the rear of the projectile . In action . " When William F . Ketchum demonstrated his new invention of a grenade that could be thrown like a dart , he hit the bulls eye observers were very impressed with its explosive power . However , Union troops who used the Ketchum grenade in great numbers in their attacks at Port Hudson found its limitations . Lt . Howard C . Wright , described the scene from the Confederate side of the assault : Dickey and George , who quote this account in their work Field Artillery Projectiles of the American Civil War ( 1980 , p . 459 ) , also note that although over 100 Ketchum grenades , both 3 and 5 - pounders , were recovered at Port Hudson , not one grenade fragment was found . " The Port Hudson State Historic Site has in its collection a recovered fragment from a 1 - pounder Ketchum hand grenade .
81st Infantry Division ( United States ) The 81st Infantry Division ( " Wildcat " ) was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II . The insignia of the 81st Infantry Division is allowed to be worn by the 81st Regional Support Command , which continues to use the same shoulder patch insignia . According to the U . S . Army Center of Military History , the lineage of TO & E units can not be perpetuated by TDA units ; however , Army Reserve commands , Regional Support commands and others have been allowed to wear the shoulder sleeve insignia of like - numbered divisions of an earlier era . World War II . Combat chronicle . The 81st Infantry Division landed in Hawaii , 11 June - 8 July 1944 . The division minus RCT 323 invaded Angaur Island in the Palau group , as part of the Palau Islands campaign 17 September , and pushed through to the western shore in a quick movement , cutting the island in half . The enemy was driven into isolated pockets and mopping - up operations began on 20 September . RCT 321 , attached to the 1st Marine Division , went into action on Peleliu Island in the Palaus and assisted in splitting defense forces and isolating them in mountainous areas in the central part of the island . The team aided in mopping up Ngesebus Island and capturing Kongauru and Garakayo Islands . RCT 323 under naval task force command occupied the Ulithi atoll , 21 – 23 September 1944 . Elements of the team landed on Ngulu Atoll and destroyed enemy personnel and installations , 16 October , completing the outflanking of the enemy base at Yap . On 18 October , RCT 323 left to rejoin the 81st on Peleliu , which assumed command of all troops on that island and Angaur , 20 October 1944 . Resistance was ended on Peleliu , 27 November . Between 4 November 1944 and 1 January 1945 , the division seized Pulo Anna Island , Kyangel Atoll , and Pais Island . The 81st left in increments from 1 January to 8 February for New Caledonia for rehabilitation and training . The division arrived in Leyte on 17 May 1945 , and after a period of training participated in mopping - up operations in the northwest part of the island , 21 July 1945 to 12 August 1945 . After rest and training , the 81st moved to Japan , 18 September , and performed occupation duties in Aomori Prefecture until inactivation . General . The first division unit patch ever used by the Army was for the 81st Infantry Division . This unit trained at Fort Jackson , S . C . , near Wildcat Creek . They created patches so they could identify each other quickly in combat . When the Wildcats went overseas in August 1918 to join the Allied Expeditionary Force in France , they wore this unusual , and then unauthorized , patch . Other units protested the shoulder patch idea and the dispute finally came to the attention of General John J . Pershing . General Pershing , however , approved the Wildcat Trademark and the esprit de corps of the division and suggested the other army divisions adopt patches . " History of the 81st United States Army Reserve Command 1917 – 1975 " prepared by 317th Military History Detachment .
No . 549 Squadron RAF No . 549 Squadron RAF was a fighter squadron of the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) operating in Australia from 1943 to 1945 . History . The squadron was formed at Lawnton Airfield , Queensland Australia on 15 December 1943 , made up of RAF Aircrew and RAAF groundstaff , to provide air defence duties with Spitfires , as the RAAF Kittyhawks were inadequate for interception missions . On 1 January they moved to Petrie Airfield , Strathpine , Queensland . In April 1944 the squadrons Spitfire ' s arrived . May 1944 the unit moved to RAAF Base Amberley , Queensland , while June saw a move to Strauss Airfield , Northern Territory with a detachment at Truscott Airfield , Western Australia . On 5 September 1944 it joined sister unit No . 548 Squadron RAF on a sweep over Selaru Island , 300 miles north of Darwin . In October they went to Parap Airfield ( Darwin / Civil ) , Northern Territory , maintening their detachment in Truscott . On 27 November they went over Timor . The squadron was disbanded according to some sources at Parap Airfield ( Darwin / Civil ) , Northern Territory on 9 October 1945 - but a more recent source states 31 October at Melbourne , Victoria - and the RAF personnel returned to the United Kingdom .
Södra skånska regementet Södra skånska regementet ( South Scania Regiment ) , designation P 7 , is a Swedish Army armoured regiment that traces its origins back 1811 . It was converted from an infantry regiment in 1963 and renamed from Södra skånska infanteriregementet ( South Scania Infantryregiment ) . The regiment ' s soldiers were originally recruited from Scania , and it is currently garrisoned in Revingehed outside Lund , in Skåne County .
List of camouflage patterns Here is a comprehensive list of military camouflage patterns used in battledress . The list is ordered by continent and country of origin , with other users listed in a separate column . The list includes current issue and past issue patterns ; users include armed force s , paramilitary force s , gendarmerie s , police force s , firefighting forces , search and rescue units , as well as other security force s , counter - insurgency / counter - terrorism forces and other emergency services . Central and South America . C . and S . America Others . None listed .
Bencomo Bencomo ( or Benchomo ) ( died November 1495 ) was " mencey " or king of Taoro , a Guanche " menceyato " on the island of Tenerife . He fought in the First Battle of Acentejo , a victory for the Guanches against the invading Castilians , after having refused the terms of Alonso Fernández de Lugo , but may have perished on the heights of San Roque during the Battle of Aguere , alongside his brother Tinguaro . He had several children , including : Dácil and Bentor . His son Bentor succeeded him as mencey .