naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Defense Switched Network The Defense Switched Network ( DSN ) is a primary information transfer network for the Defense Information Systems Network ( DISN ) . The DSN provides the worldwide non - secure voice , secure voice , data , facsimile , and video teleconferencing services for DOD Command and Control ( C2 ) elements , their supporting activities engaged in logistics , personnel , engineering , and intelligence , as well as other Federal agencies . In 1982 , the DSN was designated by the Office of the Secretary of Defense ( OSD ) and the Joint Chiefs of Staff ( JCS ) as the provider of long - distance communications service for the DOD . The DSN is designated as a primary system of communication during peacetime , periods of crisis , preattack , non - nuclear , and post - attack phases of war . The network assures nonblocking service for users with " flash " and " flash override " precedence capabilities . Key users include the National Command Authorities , Commanders of the Combatant Commands , and subordinate component commanders . DSN replaced the older Autovon system . The DSN consists of four subsystems : The DSN Switching Subsystem consists of multifunction , stand - alone tandem , end office , and remote switching units . Using the transmission , timing , and control elements of the DISN , they interconnect all military locations worldwide and provide end - to - end long - distance common user and dedicated voice , secure voice , data , and video services worldwide . In addition to nonsecure voice , data , and video services , the DSN will provide transmission , switching , and support services for Secure Telephone Units , Third Generation ( STU - III s , now obsolete ) , the Secure Terminal Equipment ( STE ) , the Defense Red Switch Network ( DRSN ) , the dial - up alternative routing for the Unclassified but Sensitive Internet Protocol ( IP ) Router Network ( NIPRNet ) , and the Secret IP Router Network ( SIPRNet ) . The DSN can also provide access to the Government Emergency Telephone System ( GETS ) .
Linstock A linstock ( also called a lintstock ) is a staff with a fork at one end to hold a lighted slow match . The name was adapted from the Dutch " lontstok " , " match stick " . Linstocks were used for discharging cannons in the early days of artillery ; the linstock allowed the gunner to stand further from the cannon as it was dangerous applying the lighted match to the touch hole at the breech of the gun . Design . Linstocks had serpentine jaws to grip the slow match and a sharp point at the base to stick in the ground . In emergencies gunners could use the spear blade as a weapon to defend the cannon . Like most early modern military equipment the linstock had a second function ; 16th century examples had measurements in inches and a protractor engraved on the blade to allow the gun captain to check the angle . Obsolescence . By the 18th century flintlock firing devices had been introduced , rendering the artillery linstock obsolete though the linstock remained in service in many places where the older form of ignition was used , including America during the War of Independence and parts of Europe during the Napoleonic Wars . During the War of 1812 and American Civil War gun crews were issued linstocks which were used when the flintlock and percussion cap - ignited primers failed .
Battle of Stratton The Battle of Stratton was a battle of the south - western campaign of the First English Civil War . Fought on 16 May 1643 , the resulting victory for Hopton confirmed Royalist control of Cornwall and destroyed Parliament ' s field army in Devon . Prelude . Discovering that Sir Ralph Hopton was advancing his Cornish Royalists into Somerset to join Prince Maurice , the Earl of Stamford was determined to prevent this . He deployed his army on a hill half a mile to the north of Stratton and waited for Hopton . Previously , on 15 May , Stamford had sent the bulk of his cavalry under Sir George Chudleigh to seize Bodmin . Hopton , despite being outnumbered two to one , decided to take advantage of the lack of Parliamentarian cavalry and attack Stamford . The battle . Before dawn on 16 May , Hopton divided his army into four columns of 600 men and two cannon , keeping his horse in reserve . Hoping to surprise Stamford ' s army , these four columns advanced from four different directions around 5am . Hopton led the first column from the south , whilst Major - General Basset attacked from the north and Sir Bevil Grenville and Sir Nicholas Slanning attacked from the west . The attack lost the element of surprise at the last moment , being discovered by a sentry who roused the Parliamentarian troops . Close action followed for the next eight hours , with determined effort on both sides . With the Royalist troops running short of ammunition , the Parliamentarian pikemen under Major - General James Chudleigh charged Sir Bevil Grenville ' s regiment . Grenville was knocked over and his troops shaken , but Sir John Berkeley ' s musketeers made a counter - charge that stopped the Parliamentarian momentum and began to push their enemy back up the hill . Against the odds the Royalist troops began to push forward , and around 3 - 4 pm the Royalist columns met at the top of the hill . On reaching the summit , Hopton released the Royalist cavalry as the Parliamentarians gave way . Stamford ' s defence crumbled under this pressure and his army fled the field . Three hundred Parliamentarian dead remained on the field , plus seventeen hundred prisoners . Aftermath . Major - General James Chudleigh was taken prisoner . Accused of treason by Stamford , he promptly defected to the Royalists . The Earl of Stamford retreated to Barnstaple and then to Exeter , blaming the defeat on Chudleigh . Sir George Chudleigh abandoned Bodmin with his cavalry and retreated into Devon .
40th Fighter Aviation Regiment The 40th Fighter Aviation Regiment ( " Serbo - Croatian : 40 . lovačk4i avijacijski puk / 40 . ловачк4и авијацијски пук " ) was established in 1955 as part of the SFR Yugoslav Air Force . The regiments ' command was stationed at Zagreb airport until it was disbanded in 1959 . History . The 40th Fighter Aviation Regiment was formed on July 7 , 1955 , at Pula Airport from S - 49C aircraft of the 185th Aviation Regiment . After it reached its completed establishment , the regiment was re - located to Zagreb Airport where it became part of the 32nd Aviation Division . It was disbanded by the beginning of 1959 .
HMS Mary ( 1704 ) HMS " Mary " was a 60 - gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built at Chatham Dockyard and launched on 12 May 1704 . In 1724 , " Mary " fought in battle against the Spanish " Catalán " . Orders were issued on 15 December 1736 for " Mary " to be taken to pieces and rebuilt according to the 1733 proposals of the 1719 Establishment at Portsmouth , from where she was relaunched on 5 October 1742 , and renamed HMS " Princess Mary " . " Princess Mary " served until 1766 , when she was sold out of the navy .
Second Corinth Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Corinth of the American Civil War on October 3 and 4 , 1862 , in Corinth , Mississippi . Order of battle compiled from the army organization , return of casualties and reports . The Confederate order of battle is listed separately . Army of the Mississippi . MG William S . Rosecrans Army of West Tennessee . MG Ulysses S . Grant ( not present ) Detachment commanded by BG James B . McPherson
SM UB - 26 SM " UB - 26 " was a German Type UB II submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 30 April 1915 and launched on 14 December 1915 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 7 January 1916 as SM " UB - 26 " . " UB - 26 " was trapped in anti - submarine net s trailed by the and was scuttle d in Le Havre harbour on 5 April 1916 . She was raised by the French on 30 August 1917 and served as " Roland Morillot " until 21 January 1925 . She was used in tests before finally being broken up in Cherbourg in 1935 .
Sybrand Engelbrecht ( soldier ) Major - General Sybrand Abraham Engelbrecht SM ( Clanwilliam , 4 April 1913 – 6 September 1994 ) was a South African military commander . He joined the South African Army in June 1936 , and was appointed 2nd Lieutenant in January 1937 . He attended an Ordinance Officers Course at the Royal Military College of Science from January 1939 to July 1939 . He served in World War II in the Middle East . After the War he served as the Dean of the Military College . He was then SSO Explosives , Deputy Quartermaster General , Officer Commanding North West Transvall Command and Officer Commanding Northern Command . He served as Army Chief of Staff from 1959 to 1963 , when he took early retirement . He returned to active duty for a few years in the 1970s , as a staff officer with the Special Forces .
Bomber Brigade The Bomber Brigade ( ) was a World War II unit of the Polish Air Force commanded by płk obs . Władysław Heller . It resisted the Invasion of Poland in 1939 as the main aerial reserve of the commander in chief and was used for bombing enemy units in central Poland . It was created just before the war and did not have time to reach full operational readiness . Its equipment consisted of 36 modern PZL . 37 Łoś medium bombers and 50 older PZL . 23 Karaś light bombers , plus 21 support planes . It was organised into four squadrons , each in turn composed of two escadrilles . It was similar in make - up to the Pursuit Brigade . 10th Bomber Squadron was previously called : " 210 Dywizjon " . 15th Bomber Squadron was previously called : " 215 Dywizjon " . Some reports mention another Bomber Squadron called : 20th Bomber Squadron was previously called : " 220 Dywizjon " . Another small Bomber unit was the Flight based at Dęblin , the Polish Air Force Training Academy . During the Invasion of Poland , their unit flew many operations using PZL . 23 Karaś light bombers . A picture shows two armed PZL . 23 Karaś with the Dęblin emblem badge , flying in formation , the aircraft are numbered " 1 " and " 11 " .
Robert Adams II Robert Adams II ( December 24 , 1832 – May 12 , 1882 ) was a cotton planter from Lower Richland County , South Carolina , and Captain in the Army of The Confederate States of America . He was the son of Robert Adams and Charlotte Belton Pickett . Adams served in the mounted infantry unit , The Charleston Light Dragoons . He enlisted on April 10 , 1861 , two days before the Confederates fired on the Federal troops occupying Fort Sumter , on April 12 , 1861 , in Charleston , South Carolina . He served in many engagements and was wounded and captured at the Battle of Old Church , Virginia on May 30 , 1864 while under the service of Brig . General Matthew C . Butler , in General Robert E . Lee ' s Army of Northern Virginia . Adams was the first cousin of Governor James Hopkins Adams of South Carolina , a staunch advocate of limited government and states ' rights . He is the great grandfather of United States Ambassador Weston Adams ( ambassador ) , and the great - great grandfather of filmmaker Julian Adams , who portrayed him in the feature film " " .
William Foster ( Medal of Honor ) Sergeant William Foster ( 1832 – July 16 , 1880 ) was a British - born soldier in the U . S . Army who served with the 4th U . S . Cavalry during the Texas – Indian Wars . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry against the Comanche Indians at the Red River in Texas on September 29 , 1872 . Biography . William Foster was born in Somerset , England in 1832 . He emigrated to the United States and later enlisted in the U . S . Army in Bakersville , Maryland . Spending much of his military career on the frontier , Foster participated in campaigns against the Southern Plains Indians for over 20 years becoming a veteran Indian fighter and may have had a rudimentary knowledge of Indian dialects . By the early 1870s , he was a sergeant in Company F of the 4th U . S . Cavalry then stationed in Texas . On September 28 , 1872 , he was part of Colonel Ranald S . Mackenzie ' s expedition over the Staked Plains . Following a one - day march to the North Fork of the Red River , a lodge encampment of around 280 Mow - wi Comanche warriors was discovered . Though vastly outnumbered , MacKenzie ordered an attack hoping to catch the Comanche by surprise . The soldiers approached , however , startled the Indian ' s ponies and started a stampede alerting the camp . In the ensuing battle , the cavalry troopers engaged in fierce fighting with the Comanche warriors . As a result of MacKenzie ' s victory , the Mow - wi formally surrendered at Fort Sill ending 17 years of warfare . Foster was among those who distinguished themselves in the fight and , with eight other members of his regiment , received the Medal of Honor for " gallantry in action " . The other men awarded the MOH included Blacksmith James Pratt , Farrier David Larkin , Privates Edward Branagan and William Rankin , Corporals Henry McMasters and William O ' Neill , Sergeant William Wilson and First Sergeant William McNamara . Foster eventually left the military and settled in San Francisco , California where he died on July 16 , 1880 , at the age of 48 . He is among the 35 MOH recipients interred at San Francisco National Cemetery . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , Company F , 4th U . S . Cavalry . Place and date : At Red River , Tex . , 29 September 1872 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Birth : England , Date of issue : 19 November 1872 . Citation : Gallantry in action .
Attacker - class patrol boat The Attacker " class ( also referred to as the Tracker " class ) is a class of patrol boats . Formerly operated by the Royal Navy and the HM Customs , seven of the class are currently operated by the Lebanese Navy and two by Lebanese Customs Design and construction . The " Attacker " class was constructed by Fairey Allday ( Fairey Marine Ltd ) , on the River Hamble in Hampshire , England . HMS Attacker was built in Cowes , on the Isle of Wight , while the rest of the class were built in Southhampton . The ships have glass - reinforced plastic hulls . The Vessels were allocated to various RNR Divisions . HMS Striker being based in Liverpool as a tender to HMS Eaglet . Eventually the vessels were re allocated to the URNUs . Operational history . HMS " Attacker " , " Hunter " and " Striker " formed the Cypress Squadron and were used for patrol and harbour protection . HMS " Attacker " , was the training ship for the University Royal Naval Unit serving Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities , while HMS " Chaser " performed this role at Aberdeen University and HMS " Fencer " performed the same role for Southampton University . Patrol ships carried three General purpose machine gun s , while the training ships were unarmed . The " Attacker " class was decommissioned from the Royal Navy during 1991 and 1992 . All five ships were sold to the Lebanese Navy in July 1992 . Two " Attackers " formerly operated by the British Customs Service were also sold to Lebanon in March 1994 .
28th Jäger Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 28th Jäger Division was a German military unit during World War II . Background . The main purpose of the German Jäger Divisions was to fight in adverse terrain where smaller , coordinated units were more facilely combat capable than the brute force offered by the standard infantry divisions . The Jäger divisions were more heavily equipped than mountain division , but not as well armed as a larger infantry division . In the early stages of the war , they were the interface divisions fighting in rough terrain and foothills as well as urban areas , between the mountains and the plains . The Jägers ( means " hunters " in German ) relied on a high degree of training , and slightly superior communications , as well as their considerable artillery support . In the middle stages of the war , as the standard infantry divisions were down sized , the Jäger model with two infantry regiments came to dominate the standard tables of organization . In 1943 , Adolf Hitler declared that all infantry divisions were now Grenadier Divisions except for his elite Jäger and Mountain Jaeger divisions . Organisation and history . The division was originally formed in October 1936 in Breslau , Silesia , as the 28th Infantry Division ( this lineage giving it the divisional nickname of the " Eisernes Kreuz Schlesische Division " , the ' Iron Cross Silesian Division ' ) . After action in the Crimea , and taking heavy casualties in the siege of Sevastopol , it was reconstituted as the 28th Light Infantry Division in December 1941 , and then as the 28th Jäger Division in July 1942 , with the following organisation : The 28th Jäger Division fought largely on the Leningrad front , as part of Army Group North . In July 1944 it participated in the unsuccessful attempt to break the encirclement of Fourth Army east of Minsk during Operation Bagration . In late 1944 and early 1945 it fought in East Prussia with the rebuilt Fourth Army , being largely destroyed or captured in the Heiligenbeil Pocket . After absorbing some elements of the destroyed 102nd Infantry Division the remainder surrendered to the Soviets in Samland .
Hans - Günther Lange Hans - Günther Lange ( born 28 September 1916 ) was a " Kapitänleutnant " with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and later served with the Bundesmarine . He is also a recipient of the coveted Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was born in Hanover . Career . " U - 711 " under the command of Lange attacked and sank the HMS " Bluebell " on 17 February 1945 . On 4 May 1945 " U - 711 " was damaged in Operation Judgement , an attack by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy at Kilbotn aimed at the depot ships " Black Watch " and " Senja " , and sank after attempts by Lange and seven other crew members to keep it afloat . The rest of the crew , who had gone on board " Black Watch " , did not survive . Only a few hours earlier Lange had received the signal from Germany ordering all U - boats to cease attacks on allied shipping with immediate effect . He was interviewed in 2008 at the age of 92 for a book published in Norway which also contains information from Norwegian and British eyewitnesses . The book also reveals that Lange took U - 711 on patrols far along the Arctic coast of North Russia , past Novaya Zemlya and into the Kara Sea . The wreck of U - 711 was filmed in 2007 . In October 1957 Lange joined the Bundesmarine . Here he took part in the construction of a new German U - boat force within NATO . For two years he commanded the 1 . Ubootgeschwader ( 1st U - boat squadron ) and in January 1964 became commander of the entire U - boat force . Later he held several staff positions , ending his second naval career in 1972 as staff officer in the Marinedivision der Nordsee ( naval forces in the North Sea ) .
Battle of Rodosto The battle of Rodosto ( ) took place in February 1206 in the town of Rodosto ( today Tekirdağ , Turkey ) between the Bulgarians led by Emperor Kaloyan and the Crusaders . It resulted in a Bulgarian victory . After the Bulgarians annihilated the Latin army in the battle of Rusion on 31 January 1206 the remnants of the shattered Crusader forces headed to the coastal town of Rodosto to seek refuge . The town had a strong Venetian garrison and was further supported by a regiment of 2 , 000 troops from Constantinople . However , the fear of the Bulgarians was so great that the Latins panicked with the very arrival of the Bulgarian soldiers . They were incapable to resist and after a short battle the Venetian began to flee to their ships in the port . In their haste to escape many boats were overloaded and sank and most Venetians drowned . The town was looted by the Bulgarians who continued their victorious march through eastern Thrace and captured many more towns and fortresses .
Celemantia Celemantia ( or Kelemantia ; the modern name of the site is Leányvár ) was a Roman castellum and settlement on the territory of the present - day municipality Iža ( Hun : " Izsa " ) , some 4 km to the east of Komárno . It is the biggest known Roman castellum in present - day Slovakia . It was a part of the Roman Limes , the frontier - zone of the Empire . A Germanic settlement " Celemantia " in this area is mentioned by Claudius Ptolemaios in the 2nd century AD . It can be identical with the remnants of a civil settlement found next to the castellum or with another unknown settlement or , as some historians assume , it is the name of both the castellum and the remnants of the civil settlement . The construction of the castellum started in the 2nd half of the 1st century . It was conquered during the Marcomannic Wars ( 166 - 180 ) and burned down by Germanic tribes , and was rebuilt later . It ceased to exist around 400 ( beginning of the Migration Period ) . The ruins were very well visible up to the late 18th century , but afterwards people used stones from the constructions to build the fortress and other buildings in Komárno . According to a local legend , a Roman soldier , Valentin , kept his mistresses in the fortress . The fictitious story explains the origin of the name Leányvár , meaning Girl Castle in Hungarian . However the name probably refers to the fact that the ruins of the castle were donated by King Béla IV of Hungary to the Dominican nuns of Margitsziget who later built a small fortress among them .