naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Action of 1 February 1625 The Action of one February 1625 took place on 1 to 24 February 1625 and was a strategic victory for the Portuguese ( as they regained the control of Persian gulf ) with a fleet of eight galleon s over an English - Dutch force of eight warships , though it was an Anglo - Dutch tactical victory , as they inflicted several times their losses on the Portuguese .
Wojsko komputowe Wojsko komputowe ( , " comput army " ) is a type of military unit used in the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century and the 18th century . Until the mid - 17th century , Polish forces were divided into permanent units ( ) and supplemental units ( ) , which were created in the time of military needs . In 1652 this distinction ceased , and both types of forces were merged into " wojsko komputowe " . The etymology of the name is from ( account , calculation ) , and Old Polish " komput " — an army budget which was voted for by the Commonwealth parliament , the Sejm . " Wojsko kwarciane " was composed from various units , both Commonwealth - born soldiers and foreign mercenaries . The Diet voted to pay for certain amount of infantry and cavalry . Personnel number ( which was a kept a state secret ) varies , because often the commanders ( hetman s ) paid for additional manpower from their own purses . During peacetime , the Commonwealth " komput " army numbered about 12 , 000 for the Crown ( Poland proper ) and 6 , 000 for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . During wartime it was increased to around 24 , 000 – 40 , 000 for the Crown and 8 , 000 - 22 , 000 for Lithuania . In addition , " wojsko kwarciane " was supplemented with peasant - based recruits of " piechota wybraniecka " and from 1653 , " piechota łanowa " , registered Cossacks ( until 1699 ) , " pospolite ruszenie " , royal guard , armies of magnates and cities , and " wojsko ordynackie " . In 1717 the Silent Sejm introduced under Russian pressure " komput " values of 18 , 000 for Crown and 6 , 200 for Lithuania . This marked the beginning of Russian control over Commonwealth armies , which would last until the May Constitution of Poland .
BT - 43 The BT - 43 was a Finnish armored personnel carrier prototype , designed during the Second World War . It was developed from the Soviet - made BT - 7 tank , which had been captured in large quantities during the Winter War and early Continuation War . History . In May 1943 , a request was made for an armored personnel carrier capable of carrying 20 men . It was decided to convert some BT series into BT - 43 carriers . The prototype was not a great success and no further development took place . The BT - 43 appeared clumsy and with a high profile , it didn ' t look a bit like a standard armored personnel carrier . The turret was removed , and a wooden platform was located on the modified hull . The result was more suited for the role of an armored supply carrier . It was not considered a front line type vehicle .
Heinrich Füllgrabe Heinrich Füllgrabe ( 26 July 1916 – 30 January 1945 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Since joining the Luftwaffe in the late ' 30s , after the his training as a fighter pilot , Füllgrabe was appointed to serve as the Unteroffizier 9 . / JG 52 in spring 1941 . Heinrich Füllgrabe became famous as a member of one of the most efficient units of the Luftwaffe , Karaya Quartet , where flying alongside Hermann Graf ( 212 kills ) , Alfred Grislawski ( 133 ) and Ernst Süß ( 68 ) . Heinrich Füllgrabe was killed on 30 January 1945 by Soviet anti - aircraft fire near Brieg in Silesia . During his career he was credited with 67 aerial victories , all of them on the Eastern Front . His score includes five Il - 2 Sturmoviks .
6th Indiana Infantry Regiment The 6th Indiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from the State of Indiana that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . This regiment was the senior Indiana regiment of the Civil War , as it was numbered first in sequence after the five Indiana volunteer regiments which had served in the Mexican – American War . The regiment was originally mustered - in for a three - month period of service between April and August 1861 , but after its initial term of service had expired it was re - formed in September 1861 for a further three - year period , before being mustered out in September 1864 . Service . The companies of the 6th Indiana Volunteer Infantry were raised in different parts of the state and organized at Indianapolis , Indiana between April 22 and April 27 , 1861 . The companies ' counties of origin included Jefferson , Bartholomew , Daviess , Howard , Henry , Jennings , Jackson , and Hamilton . The Regiment was officially mustered into United States service for a period of three months on April 25 , 1861 . On the May 30 , 1861 , the regiment left Indianapolis , by way of Cincinnati , Ohio , for Grafton , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) . Sent on to the town of Webster , they arrived on June 2 and marched that same night to Philippi . On the morning of June 3 , the 6th Indiana participated in the Battle of Philippi , one of the first land battles of the Civil War . They later participated in the Rich Mountain Campaign . The regiment mustered out of service on August 2 , 1861 . Among its line officers was Captain Jeremiah C . Sullivan , who would later rise to the rank of brigadier general . The 6th Indiana Volunteer Infantry was re - enlisted for three year service from the original regiment at Madison , Indiana , on September 20 , 1861 , by Col . Thomas T . Crittenden . The regiment subsequently fought in the Battle of Shiloh , the Battle of Stone ' s River , the Battle of Chickamauga , and the Battle of Resaca . At the conclusion of its three - year enlistment , the regiment was mustered out of service on September 22 , 1864 . Soldiers of the regiment who had unexpired enlistments , and those who re - enlisted were transferred to 68th Indiana Infantry Regiment . Total strength and casualties . The total strength of the 6th Indiana Infantry at the time of its organization in April 1861 was 782 men , including 37 commissioned officers . During its first three - month period of service , the regiment suffered no casualties in battle , but three enlisted men died of disease and one member of the regiment was captured by the enemy and later exchanged . After being mustered in as a three - year regiment , the unit lost a further nine officers and 116 enlisted men killed in battle or died of wounds , and a further two officers and 140 enlisted men men who died of disease , for a total of 267 fatalities .
USNS Clarksburg ( T - AG - 183 ) USNS " Clarksburg " ( T - AG - 183 ) was one of 12 ships scheduled to be acquired by the United States Navy in February 1966 and converted into Forward Depot Ships and placed into service with the Military Sea Transport Service , The " Clarksburg Victory " ( MCV - 888 ) was chosen for this conversion and assigned the name " Clarksburg " but the program was canceled and the ships were not acquired by the Navy .
Olof Thörnell Olof " Gerhard " Thörnell ( 19 October 1877 - 25 July 1977 ) was a General of the Swedish armed forces . He was Sweden ' s first Supreme Commander 8 December 1939 until 1944 . Before 1939 that had been the role of the King .
David H . Cyr David H . Cyr is a former Deputy Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force . Career . Cyr joined the United States Air Force as a Protestant chaplain in 1979 . His assignments included Executive Office to the Chief of Chaplains from 1993 to 1995 , Chaplain of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1998 to 2001 , Command Chaplain of the United States Air Forces in Europe from 2001 to 2003 and Command Chaplain at Headquarters Air Combat Command from 2003 to 2006 . He was named Deputy Chief of Chaplains and achieved the rank of Brigadier General in 2008 . Cyr remained Deputy Chief of Chaplains until 2011 . He retired later that year . Awards he received include the Defense Superior Service Medal , the Legion of Merit with two oak leaf clusters , the Meritorious Service Medal with silver oak leaf cluster , the Air Force Commendation Medal and the Air Force Achievement Medal .
Fritz Rentrop Fritz Rentrop ( 19 November 1917 – 2 February 1945 ) was a Sturmbannführer ( Major ) , in the Waffen - SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Fritz Rentrop was born on the 19 November 1917 . He joined the NSDAP on the 1 January 1936 , party number 3708280 and later joined the Waffen SS on the 1 April 1937 , his SS service number was 323 804 . He was posted to the 2nd SS Panzer Division " Das Reich " and served with the 2nd Company , 2nd SS Flak Battalion when he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross , on the 13 October 1941 . He later served on the staff in the IV SS Panzer Corps and is believed to have been executed by the Russians on the 2 February 1945 in Hungary .
112th United States Colored Infantry The 112th United States Colored Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . The regiment was composed of African American enlisted men commanded by white officers and was authorized by the Bureau of Colored Troops which was created by the United States War Department on May 22 , 1863 . Organization . The regiment was organized at Little Rock , Arkansas , April 23 to November 8 , 1864 , as the 5th Regiment Arkansas Volunteer Infantry ( African Descent ) and assigned to the VII Corps ( Union Army ) . The unit was later re - designated as the 112th United States Colored Infantry . Service . The regiment was attached to 1st Division , 7th Corps , Dept . of Arkansas , June , 1864 , to January , 1865 . Colored Brigade , 7th Corps , to February , 1865 . General Orders No . 14 Department of Arkansas , dated February 1 , 1865 , from Little Rock , included the 112th United States Colored Infantry is reported as belonging to the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Division of the 7th Army Corps . The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade , 1st Division , 7th Corps , to April , 1865 . The regiment was assigned to post and garrison duty at Little Rock , Ark . , entire term . Consolidated . The regiment was consolidated with the 11th U . S . Colored Infantry ( Old ) and the 113th U . S . Colored Infantry ( old ) the 113th United States Colored Troops ( New ) on April 1 , 1865 . The 113th United States Colored Troops were mustered out a year later , on April 9 , 1866 .
Battle of Camlann The Battle of Camlann ( or " Brwydr Camlan " ) is reputed to have been the final battle of King Arthur , in which he either died or was fatally wounded fighting his enemy Mordred ( who was , in some later versions of the tale , his son or his nephew ) . Historicity . The earliest known reference to the battle of Camlann is an entry in the 10th - century " Annales Cambriae " , recording the battle in the year 537 and mention Mordred ( Medraut ) but do not specify that he and Arthur fought on opposite sides . The location of the battle is unknown but there are several possibilities . One is Queen Camel in Somerset , close to the hill fort near South Cadbury , identified by some , including Geoffrey Ashe , with King Arthur ' s Camelot , where the River Cam flows beneath Camel Hill and Annis Hill . The site most consistent with a northern Arthur is the Roman fort called Camboglanna , once identified as Birdoswald , but since identified as the nearby Castlesteads . Other identifications have been offered , including the River Camel along the border of Cornwall , Camelon near Falkirk and the River Camlan in Eifionydd , now part of Gwynedd . Etymology . The name may derive from a Brittonic " * Cambo - glanna " - " crooked bank ( of a river ) " , as found in the name of the Roman fort of Camboglanna , or " * Cambo - landa " - " crooked - enclosure " . Legendary versions . Later accounts of the battle , much embroidered , appear in Geoffrey of Monmouth ' s " Historia Regum Britanniae " and the " Alliterative Morte Arthure " . Some sources state that the battle was caused by King Arthur ' s return to Camelot , after his quest to hunt down Sir Lancelot . King Arthur had learned of Guenevere and Sir Lancelot ' s affair , and Sir Lancelot fled to France . Arthur pursued him in an effort to get revenge ; and his enemy , Mordred , takes over Britain . When Arthur returns and tries to take back his kingdom , Mordred refuses . A battle erupts , and Arthur is severely wounded . He journeys to The Isle of Avalon , which is said to have magical properties , in hope that he can be healed , but dies there . Welsh triads offer clues to the alleged cause of the Battle of Camlann . Triad 51 reflects ( and is most likely derived from ) Geoffrey of Monmouth : Medrawd ( Mordred ) rebels against Arthur while the latter is campaigning on the Continent and usurps the throne , instigating the battle of Camlann . Triad 53 lists a slap Gwenhwyvach gave to her sister Gwenhwyfar , wife of Arthur , as one of the " Three Harmful Blows of the Island of Britain " , causing the Strife of Camlann . Calling Camlann one of Britain ' s " Three Futile Battles " , Triad 84 also mentions this dispute between sisters . Triad 54 describes Medrawd ( Mordred ) raiding Arthur ' s court , throwing Gwenhwyfar to the ground and beating her . Other Triads in which Camlann is mentioned include numbers 30 ( " Three Faithless War Bands " ) , 59 ( " Three Unfortunate Counsels " ) , 84 ( " Three Futile Battles " ) .
110th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps 110th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps ( Border Regiment ) ( 110 RAC ) was an armoured regiment of the British Army ' s Royal Armoured Corps during World War II . Origin . 110th Regiment RAC was formed on 1 November 1941 by the conversion to the armoured role of 5th ( Cumberland ) Battalion of the Border Regiment , a Territorial Army infantry battalion . At the outbreak of war , 5th Border had been mobilised at Workington in 126th ( East Lancashire ) Brigade of 42nd ( East Lancashire ) Infantry Division , which were redesignated 11th Armoured Brigade ( later 11th Tank Brigade ) and 42nd Armoured Division respectively in November 1941 . In common with other infantry units transferred to the Royal Armoured Corps , all personnel would have continued to wear their Border cap badge on the black beret of the RAC . The regiment continued to add the parenthesis ' ( Border Regiment ) ' to its RAC title and celebrate the anniversary of the Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos during the Peninsular War ( 28 October 1811 ) as a regimental holiday . History . On conversion on 1 November 1941 , 110 RAC was stationed at Skipton - in - Craven in West Yorkshire . It received its first tank ( a Covenanter ) in January 1942 . In May the regiment moved to Bingley and was ordered to convert from Covenanter cruiser tank s to Churchill infantry tank s , when 11 Armoured Bde was detached from 42nd Armoured Division and became an independent Army Tank Brigade . Later in the year the regiment moved to North Yorkshire and trained around Bolton Castle , Hawes and Arkengarthdale . In July and August 1942 110 RAC sent large drafts of officers and men for overseas service , and in January 1943 it ( along with the whole of 11th Tank Brigade ) was attached to 77th Infantry ( Reserve ) Division and given the role of holding and training reinforcements . In February 1943 it moved to Catterick and then in May to Otley , training in the Yorkshire Dales . In Autumn 1943 the decision was made disband 11th Tank Brigade , without it ever having seen active service , and 110 RAC was broken up before the end of November . 5th Bn Border Regiment was reconstituted in April 1944 by redesignation of 7th Border , a reserve battalion serving in 213th Infantry Brigade It spent the rest of the war as a training battalion .
William Reginald Rawlings William Reginald Rawlings , MM ( Service No . 3603 ) ( 1892 – 9 August 1918 ) was the uncle of Captain Reginald Saunders , MBE , the first Aboriginal commissioned officer in Australian Military Forces . Born on Framlingham Aboriginal Reserve in western Victoria to William and Bessie Rawlings , Rawlings was a horse - breaker around Purnim before enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force at Warrnambool , Victoria on 20 March 1916 . After undertaking initial training , he embarked on HMAT " Orsova " from Melbourne on 1 August 1916 . He joined the 29th Battalion , 8th Brigade in France , as part of the battalion ' s 8th Reinforcements . Rawlings was awarded the Military Medal for bravery during heavy fighting along the Morlancourt Ridge on the 28 – 29 July 1918 . Private Rawlings was killed in action on 9 August 1918 , during the capture of Vauvillers , France . Rawlings was 27 years old . His MM was gazetted on 11 December 1918 . Rawlings ' friend , Henry Thorpe , who also received the Military Medal , was also killed on the same day . They are both buried in the Heath Cemetery , Harbonnieres , France .
12 cm Luftminenwerfer M 16 The 12 cm Luftminenwerfer M 16 ( Pneumatic trench mortar ) was a medium mortar used by Austria - Hungary in World War I . It was developed by Austria Metal Works in Brno from their earlier , rejected , 8 cm project . It was a rigid - recoil , smooth - bore , breech - loading design that had to be levered around to aim at new targets . It was very simple in that the shell closed the top of the chamber and was retained by a " gripper " until the air pressure was deemed sufficient and the gripper was manually released , which fired the weapon . An additional barrel could be fitted to extend the range . A cylinder of compressed air was good for eleven shots . After an evaluation on 23 November 1915 it was deemed superior to the German designs already in service ( 10 . 5 cm Luftminenwerfer M 15 and 15 cm Luftminenwerfer M 15 M . E . ) in range and accuracy and a batch of 100 mortars and 50 , 000 bombs was ordered at the beginning of 1916 . Some 280 were at the front by the end of 1916 and 930 by the end of 1917 . In addition to Austria Metal Works it was produced by Brand & L ' Huillier and the machine factory at Brno - Köningsfeld . Some improvements must have been made over the course of the production run because late - war documents refer to the original design as the M 16a ( alte ? ) , but what exactly was changed is unknown .
Ira C . Owens Ira C . Owens ( born July 31 , 1936 ) was an officer in the United States Army . Owens was born on July 31 , 1936 , in Cortez , Colorado . In the early 1990s , Owens , then a Lieutenant General , served as the Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence , Headquarters , Department of the Army . General Owens is a member of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame .
1st Battalion Tennessee Light Artillery , Battery " F " Battery F , 1st Battalion Tennessee Light Artillery was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The battalion was organized in Memphis , Nashville , and Knoxville , Tennessee from June 13 , 1863 through October 16 , 1863 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Robert Clay Crawford . Battery F was attached to 1st Brigade , 4th Division , XXIII Corps , Department of the Ohio . Battery F , 1st Battalion Tennessee Light Artillery presumably ceased to exist after April 13 , 1864 , when the battery ' s men were transferred to Battery A , 1st Battalion Tennessee Light Artillery .
Sword of Osman The Sword of Osman ( ) was an important sword of state used during the coronation ceremony of the sultans of the Ottoman Empire . The sword was named after Osman I , founder of the Ottoman Dynasty . The practice started when Osman I was girt with the sword of Islam by his mentor and father - in - law Sheik Edebali . The girding of the sword of Osman was a vital ceremony which took place within two weeks of a sultan ' s accession to the throne . It was held at the tomb complex at Eyüp , on the Golden Horn waterway in the capital Constantinople . Even though the journey from Topkapı Palace ( where the sultan resided ) to the Golden Horn was short , the sultan would board a boat amid much pomp to go there . The Eyüp tomb complex was built by Mehmed II in honour of Abu Ayyub al - Ansari , a companion of the Prophet Muhammad who had died during the first Muslim siege of Constantinople in the 7th century . The sword girding thus occurred on what was regarded as sacred grounds , and linked the newly enthroned sultan both to his 13th - century ancestors and to the very person of the Prophet . The fact that the emblem by which a sultan was enthroned consisted of a sword was highly symbolic : it showed that the office with which he was invested was first and foremost that of a warrior . The Sword of Osman was girded on to the new sultan by the Sharif of Konya , a Mevlevi dervish , who was summoned to Constantinople for that purpose . Such a privilege was reserved to the men of this Sufi order from the time Osman I had established his residence in Konya in 1299 , before the capital was moved to Bursa and later to Constantinople . Until the late 19th century , non - Muslims were banned from entering the Eyüp Mosque and witnessing the girding ceremony . The first to depart from this tradition was Mehmed V , whose girding ceremony was open to people of different faiths . Held on 10 May 1909 , it was attended by representatives of all the religious communities present in the empire , notably the Greek Patriarch , the chief rabbi and a representative of the Armenian church . The fact that non - Muslims were allowed to see the ceremony enabled " The New York Times " to write an extremely detailed account of it . Mehmed V ' s brother and successor , Mehmed VI , went even further by allowing his girding ceremony to be filmed . Since he was the last reigning Ottoman sultan , this is the only such ceremony that was ever put on film .
French Armed Forces The French Armed Forces concentrated in the executive President of France in the role of " Chef des Armées " ( Head of Weapons ) . However , the French Constitution allows the government ( i . e . , the executive departments , which are not necessarily the same political party the president ) of the government forces have civilian and military . The Ministry of Defence ( In 2005 Occupied by Marie - Michèle Allior ) Is responsible for financing , resource allocation and operations . The French armed forces are divided into four branches :
Brigade group A brigade group is a term used primarily in armies of the Commonwealth of Nations for an " ad hoc " arrangement of forces and not a permanent organisation whereas , with a capital G , a Brigade Group is . It generally refers to a formation which includes three or four battle groups , or an infantry brigade ( three battalion s ) , supported by armoured , artillery , field engineer , aviation and support units , and amounting to about 5 , 000 soldiers . A brigade group represents the smallest unit able to operate independently for extended periods on the battlefield . It is similar to the concept of a regimental combat team ( RCT ) , which was once used by the United States Army , but which now uses the term " brigade combat team " ( BCT ) . The United States Marine Corps continues to use the term " regimental combat team " .
Robert Berger ( officer ) Robert Johannes Berger ( 20 February 1914 – 10 June 1982 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II and an Oberst in the Bundeswehr . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .