naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Taewonsu Taewŏnsu ( literally grand marshal , usually translated as " generalissimo " ) is the highest possible military rank of North Korea and is intended to be an honorific title for the nation ’ s Great Leader s . The rank is senior to that of " wonsu " ( marshal ) . The title also exists in Chinese military history as dàyuánshuài ( same Sino - Korean characters 大元帥 ) , and was briefly taken by Sun Yat - Sen and later by Mao Ze Dong . " Taewŏnsu " is theoretically equivalent to a seven - star general , possibly comparable to a " generalissimo " , " grand marshal " or the American rank of general of the armies ( though that is normally considered a six - star rank ) and the French ranks of marshal of France and admiral of France . However in reality the holders of this rank commanded smaller forces than some commanders from larger countries who have made no claim to such an uncommonly exalted rank . Many South Korean s deride the rank as having been created so as to “ out rank ” the military leaders of any other nation , rather than for any necessary purpose of military administration . The rank of " taewŏnsu " was created by a joint decision of the Central Committee and Central Military Commission of the Workers ' Party of Korea , the DPRK ′ s National Defense Commission and Central People ′ s Committee in April 1992 to honor Kim Il Sung on his 80th birthday . In February 2012 , his son and successor Kim Jong Il was awarded the title posthumously on the occasion of his official 70th birthday . The insignia for " taewŏnsu " is similar to " wonsu " but with an added crest worn beneath the shoulder board ' s large marshal star ( and an added crest added to the parade uniform ' s marshal star worn below the collar ) , below the Emblem of North Korea . The rank insignia is based on the now obsolete rank " generalissimus " of the Soviet Union . If translated , the full rank is " grand marshal of the Democratic People ' s Republic of Korea " literally and " " generalissimo " of the DPRK " in the usual translation .
Leonhard Bischoff Leonhard Bischoff ( 30 July 1917 – 17 May 1978 ) was a highly decorated Leutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Fu Tinggui Fu Tinggui ( ; born August 1944 ) is a general of the People ' s Liberation Army of the People ' s Republic of China . He currently serves as the political commissar in PLA Beijing Military Region . Born in Panshan , Liaoning Province , Fu joined the army in December 1963 and joined Communist Party of China in April 1966 . From September 1985 to July 1988 , he studied in basic department of PLA National Defense University . In August 1991 , he was promoted to director of political department of Jilin provincial military region . From August 1994 to July 2001 , he was political commissar of an army group . He studied at CPC Central Party School from August 1992 to December 1994 , majoring in economics management . From March - July 2001 , he was enrolled in a training program for senior officials at PLA National Defense University . From July 2001 to December 2003 , he was director of political department and a standing committee member of CPC committee in Beijing Military Region . Since December 2003 , he has been serving as political commissar of Beijing MR . Fu was made major general in July 1994 , lieutenant general in July 2002 , and general on June 24 , 2006 . He was a member of 16th CPC Central Committee , and is a current member of 17th Central Committee .
Battle of Osawatomie The Battle of Osawatomie took place on August 30 , 1856 when 250 - 300 Border Ruffians led by John W . Reid and Rev . Marvin White attacked the city of Osawatomie . John W . Reid was intent on destroying free state settlements and then moving on to Topeka and Lawrence to do more of the same . John Brown first got word that the group was coming when they shot his son Frederick . Brown with forty or so men tried to defend the town against the pro - slavery partisans , causing heavy casualties before being forced to withdraw ; the town of Osawatomie was then looted and burned . This was one event in series of skirmishes between abolitionists and pro - slavery Missourians in what has been known as Bleeding Kansas . Soldiers Monument . The Soldiers Monument , dedicated August 30 , 1877 , was paid for by friends and relatives to commemorate those who died in the battle of Osawatomie . The names of the deceased listed on it are Fredrick Brown , George W . Partridge , David Garrison , Theron Parker Powers , and Charles Kaiser . All of these men ( except Charles Kaiser ) are buried beneath the monument . John Brown ' s name also appears on the monument , but he is buried in North Elba , New York .
Hermocrates Hermocrates ( Ancient Greek : , died 407 BC ) was an ancient Syracusan general during the Athenians ' Sicilian Expedition in the midst of the Peloponnesian War . He is also remembered as a character in the " Timaeus " and " Critias " dialogues of Plato . Life . The first historical reference to Hermocrates comes from Thucydides , where he appears at the congress of Gela in 424 BC giving a speech demanding the Sicilian Greeks stop their quarreling . In 415 BC he proposed a coalition that would even include non - Sicilian cities ( as well as non - Greek cities such as Carthage ) in an alliance against Athens . He was elected as one of Syracuse ' s three " strategoi " , but was dismissed from this position after a short period because of his lack of success in battle . Later he was one of the most important advisers to the Spartan general Gylippus , and thus contributed to the victory over Athens during its siege of Syracuse . In 412 BC he held the position of admiral during the battle of Cyzicus . In this battle , the Spartans and their allies were badly defeated by the Athenians and , as a result , Hermocrates was banned " in absentia " . He did not return to Sicily until 408 BC . He died in a street fight after a failed coup in Syracuse in 407 BC . Other literary appearances . Hermocrates is one of the persons appearing in Plato ' s dialogues " Timaeus " and " Critias " . Plato originally might have planned a third dialogue named " Hermocrates " , but failed to compose it . F . M . Conford writes : " Since the dialogue that was to bear his name was never written , we can only guess why Plato chose him . It is curious to reflect that , while Critias is to recount how the prehistoric Athens of nine thousand years ago had repelled the invasion from Atlantis and saved the Mediterranean peoples from slavery , Hermocrates would be remembered by the Athenians as the man who had repulsed their own greatest effort at imperialist expansion . " Hermocrates is also mentioned by Xenophon , Plutarch and Polyaenus . In popular culture . In the comic book " Yu - Gi - Oh ! " by Shonen Jump , Hermocrates ( here named Hermos ) is one of the three warriors of Atlantis turned into dragons along with Critias and Timaeus in the Waking the Dragons arc of the series . In Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis ( 1992 ) Plato ' s " Lost Dialogue " ( titled " Hermocrates " ) is the player ' s guide to locating Atlantis .
Arado Ar 64 The Arado Ar 64 was a single - seat biplane fighter developed in the late 1920s . It was among the first fighters produced when Germany abandoned the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles and began rearming . Design and development . The Ar 64 was a derivative of the earlier Arado SD II and Arado SD III , based upon the " Reichswehrministerium " s ( Reich War Ministry ) requirement for a successor to the Fokker D . XIII fighter . The AR 64D and 64E would the first fighters built in quantity by Germany since the end of World War I . The two differed as the 64D had a revised undercarriage and a four - blade propeller and the 64E had a two - blade propeller attached to a direct - drive version of the Jupiter VI radial engine . In the summer of 1932 , 20 aircraft of both types were ordered and 19 of them were assigned to the " Jagdfliegerschule " at Schleissheim and the " Jagdstaffeln " of the " Fliegergruppe " Doberitz and " Fliegergruppe " Damm . Variants . " Data from : " Operators . Secret " Luftwaffe "
Fort Randolph ( Panama ) Fort Randolph ( Panama ) was a Coast Artillery Corps fort built to defend the northern end of the Panama canal in conjunction with Fort Sherman . History . Fort Randolph was built on Margarita Island which had been connected to the mainland by a railway causway , so that the eastern breakwater of Limon Bay could be built . like most of the Panama forts construction began in 1913 the breakwater was complete in 1916 . the fort itself was completed on April 9 , 1920 and named after Major General Wallace F . Randolph . After WWI emplacements were added for the M1920 railway guns . These emplacements were located east of battery Tidball . Batteries . The following batteries were built on the fort .
Union Monument in Vanceburg The Union Monument in Vanceburg in Lewis County , Kentucky , in Vanceburg , Kentucky , commemorates the Union soldiers of the American Civil War . It is the only monument anywhere south of the Mason - Dixon Line that so honors Union soldiers that is not in a cemetery done by public subscription . The monument was built in 1884 by the citizens of Lewis County , which was a Union stronghold during the war and one of the few places in Kentucky that was still more sympathetic to the Union cause by the 1880s . It stands thirty - four feet tall , and both the pedestal and base are made of limestone . The base is five feet high and seven feet wide . The pedestal was made from eight separate pieces . The statue depicts a Union soldier in winter gear and kepi hat . The inscription reads : " The war for the Union was right , everlastingly right , and the war against the Union was wrong , forever wrong " In total , 107 men from Lewis County died as Union soldiers during the war ; their names are inscribed on the monument . On July 17 , 1997 , the Union Monument in Vanceburg was one of sixty - one different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places , as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission . The vast majority of the monuments were built to honor Confederates . The only other monument to state any strong sentiment towards the Union is the Captain Andrew Offutt Monument in Lebanon , Kentucky . Other monuments built for the Union side include the 32nd Indiana Monument , GAR Monument in Covington , Union Monument in Louisville , and the Union Monument in Perryville .
Kriegsmarine The Kriegsmarine ( In English : " War Navy " ) Was the name given to German Navy between 1935 and 1945 during the regime Nazi , Replacing Reichsmarine and Kaiserliche Marine of WWI . The Navy found itself engaged primarily in the actions of the invasion of Norway in April 1940 and Battle of the Atlantic . Among other minor operations was the sinking of HMS " Royal Oak " , HMS " Glorious " , HMS Hood , " Scharnhorst " and " Cap Arcona " . Many of warships and battleships Germans were held near the coast and in many cases ports due to fear of loss of them in combat , being intensively used to provide artillery fire along the Baltic coast , to protect the German ground forces that were in retreat .
Empire State V USTS " Empire State V , was a troop ship of the US Navy and training vessel of the United States Maritime Service . She was laid down as the SS " President Jackson and later served as USS " Barrett " ( T - AP - 196 ) . She was converted to a troop transport and training ship in 1973 serving as the training ship for the State University of New York Maritime College until 1990 when she was replaced by the college ' s current training ship the USTS Empire State VI . After serving New York Maritime she was placed in the Maritime service ' s James River " Ghost Fleet , " until 2007 when she was sold for scrap .
Adley H . Gladden Adley Hogan Gladden was a Brigadier General in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . He impressed General Braxton Bragg after defending Pensacola from Union bombardment . He was mortally wounded at the Battle of Shiloh . Military career . Mexican American War . Brigadier General Adley H . Gladden was born in South Carolina He was a veteran of the Mexican - American War where he commanded the famous Palmetto Regiment of South Carolina volunteers . Gladden was the major of that regiment , whose colonel and lieutenant - colonel were killed , leading to his advancement to colonel of the regiment . This regiment of volunteers bravely stormed of the Mexican works at the fierce Battle of Churubusco . In consequence of the deaths of the regiment ' s colonel and lieutenant colonel on that bloody day , Major Gladden became colonel of the Palmetto Regiment and led it in the assault upon the Belen Gate at the Battle of Mexico City , where he also was severely wounded . American Civil War . When the American Civil War began , Colonel Gladden , whose home was then in Louisiana , went to Pensacola , Florida as colonel of the First Louisiana regiment . On September 30 , 1861 , he was commissioned brigadier general and assigned to command of a brigade , including the First regiment , of which future brigadier general Daniel Weisiger Adams then became colonel . He was in command of his brigade during the bombardment of the Confederate forts at Pensacola harbor , and General Braxton Bragg expressed thanks for the able support Gladden provided . Subsequently General Bragg , expressing a desire to form a brigade of regiments which should set an example of discipline and official excellence , said , " I should desire General Gladden to command them . " In January , 1862 , Gladden was transferred to Mobile , Alabama and then to Corinth , Mississippi , where he was in command of a brigade composed of four Alabama regiments , the First Louisiana and Robertson ' s battery . At the Battle of Shiloh , Gladden was mortally wounded by a cannonball . General P . G . T . Beauregard described his death as follows : " In the same quarter of the field all of Withers ' division , including Gladden ' s brigade , reinforced by John C . Breckenridge ' s whole reserve , soon became engaged , and Benjamin Prentiss ' entire line , though fighting stoutly , was pressed back in confusion . We early lost the services of the gallant Gladden , a man of soldierly aptitudes and experience , who , after a marked influence upon the issue in his quarter of the field , fell mortally wounded . " " The information above was taken from a public domain book ( published before 1923 ) Dimitry , John Bull Smith . " " Confederate Military History : Louisiana , Arkansas " . " Volume 10 . Evans , Clement Anselm , ed . Atlanta : Confederate Publishing Company , 1899 . . Retrieved July 20 , 2011 . pp . 301 – 302 . " It has been edited since its original entry on this page but still contains the essential facts from that account .
Abid Hasan Abid Hasan Safrani , born Zain - al - Abdin Hasan , was an officer of the Indian National Army and later , after 1947 , an Indian diplomat . Born to an anti - colonialist family in Hyderbad , Abid Hasan was brought - up in India and later went to Germany to train as an Engineer . It was while he was a student in Germany during World War II that Abid Hasan met Subhas Chandra Bose and decided to join the Indische Legion . Hasan would later serve as Bose ' s personal secretary and interpreter while Bose was in Germany . Hasan also sailed with Bose in the German U - Boat U - 180 in 1943 in Bose ' s voyage to South East Asia . Over the course of the reformation of the INA and its campaigns in the south east Asian theatre , Hasan rose to be a Major in the Azad Hind Fauj . It was also during this that he adopted " " Safrani " " , after the holy Hindu colour of Saffron , to his name as a mark of communal harmony . After repatriation to India at the end of the war , Abid Hasan was released following the end of the INA trials in 1946 and joined the Indian National Congress briefly . After partition , Hasan chose to settle in Hyderabad and joined the nascent Indian Foreign Service . Over a long diplomatic career , Hasan served as the Indian Ambassador to a number of countries including Egypt and Denmark before retiring in 1969 and settling in Hyderabad . Abid Hasan Saffrani died in 1984 . According to Leonard Gordon the author of Brothers Against the Raj , Abid Hasan Safrani coined the salutation " Jai Hind " ( Hail India ) . It was the shortened form of " Jai Hindustan Ki " . The term was made famous by Netaji Subash Chandra Bose ' s INA and its subsequent use as a national patriotic salutation in independent India . Netaji Bose ' s nephew Aurobindo Bose later married Safrani ' s niece .
José Antonio Gutierrez José Antonio Gutierrez , 22 , of Los Angeles , California was an US Marine Lance Corporal killed in Iraq during a tank battle on March 20 , 2003 . He was a member of the 1st Marine Division . He was the second US Marine killed in action in the Iraq War . He was killed by friendly fire . His life and death are the basis for the documentary film " The Short Life of José Antonio Gutierrez " . David Emanuel Hickman was the last US service member killed in the Iraq War . He died on November 14 , 2011 , over eight years after the war started .
14th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 14th Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry was a New York infantry regiment during the American Civil War . The regiment was part of the Union Army , and was raised primarily from Oneida County , with some companies also raised from Onondaga County ; Columbia County ; and Lewis County . Organization . In May 1862 , the 14th New York Volunteer Infantry was assigned to second brigade , first division , V Corps , Army of the Potomac where it would serve from the Peninsula Campaign through Chancellorsville . The companies of the 14th New York Volunteer Infantry were raised from the following locales : Combat History . The 14th New York Volunteer Infantry saw the bulk of its action during the Seven Days Battles . The regiment was engaged at Beaver Dam Creek , Gaines ' Mill , and was involved in the defense of the Union left flank at the Battle of Malvern Hill under Brigadier General Charles Griffin . During the Battle of Antietam , the regiment was held in reserve approximately one mile east of the Middle Bridge ; most of the rest of the Union V Corps was also held in reserve on September 17 , 1862 . During the Battle of Fredericksburg , the regiment was involved in the assaults on the Confederate positions atop Marye ' s Heights on December 13 , 1862 . The 14th New York Volunteer Infantry experienced 270 casualties during its two - year existence with the Army of the Potomac .
Adolf Raegener Adolf Raegener ( 17 February 1895 – 17 August 1983 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Adolf Raegener was captured by American troops in May 1945 and was released in July of that year .
202nd Coastal Division ( Italy ) The 202nd Coastal Division was an infantry division of the Italian Army during World War II . The division was based in Sicily during the Allied invasion of Sicily , codenamed Operation Husky . It was a large scale amphibious and airborne operation , followed by six weeks of land combat . It launched the Italian Campaign . Elements of the Division were used to form the incomplete 230th Coastal Division . Coastal divisions , were second line divisions , usually formed from men in their forties and fifties intended to perform labouring and second line duties . Recruited locally they were often commanded by officers called out of retirement . Their equipment was also second rate ; Mussolini had hoped to obtain large quantities of arms and equipment from the disbanded Vichy French army , but this had often been sabotaged of arrived with no ammunition .
Charles Lyell , 2nd Baron Lyell Charles Antony Lyell , 2nd Baron Lyell VC ( 14 June 1913 – 27 April 1943 ) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was the son of Charles Henry Lyell and his wife Rosalind Margaret Watney . His father died in 1918 & he succeeded his grandfather as Baron Lyell in 1926 . He was educated at Eton and Matriculated in 1932 . He graduated in 1936 . Both his father and his grandfather , Leonard Lyell were Liberal MPs . Between 1936 to his death , Lord Lyell was a member of Boodle ' s club in St James ' s , London . He married Sophie Mary Trafford on July 4 , 1938 . They had one son . Victoria Cross action . Lyell was 29 years old , and a temporary captain in the 1st Battalion , Scots Guards , British Army during the Second World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . During the period 22 – 27 April 1943 near Dj Bou Arada , Tunisia , Captain Lord Lyell ' s outstanding leadership and gallantry enabled his company to take its objective . On 27 April accompanied by a sergeant , a lance - corporal and two guardsmen , he led an attack on an enemy post consisting of an 88mm gun and a heavy machine - gun in two separate pits . He destroyed the crew of the machine - gun with a hand grenade and then , three of the party having become casualties , and with the lance - corporal to give covering fire he leapt into the second pit , killing several of the crew before being overwhelmed and killed . Both the guns had been silenced .
French ship César ( 1768 ) The César was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy , lead ship of her class . She took part in the American war of Independence under Captain de Raimondis . On 16 August 1778 , she fought against HMS " Iris " . She took part in the Battle of the Chesapeake . She was present at the Battle of the Saintes , where she was totally dismasted , and captured by HMS " Centaur " ; soon afterwards , her magazines detonated , killing 400 French and 50 English sailors .
Patrick J . Ryan ( chaplain ) Chaplain ( Major General ) Patrick James Ryan , USA ( December 12 , 1902 – June 5 , 1975 ) was an American military officer who served as Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army from 1954 to 1958 . Biography . Ryan was born near Manannah Township , Minnesota on December 12 , 1902 . He would graduate from the College of St . Thomas and the Saint Paul Seminary School of Divinity and became an ordained Roman Catholic priest . He was later given the title of Monsignor by Pope Pius XII and the title of Prothonotary Apostolic by Pope Paul VI . Ryan died on June 5 , 1975 , in Washington , D . C . . Career . Ryan joined the United States Army in 1928 . Early in his career , he was stationed at Fort Leavenworth , Fort Riley and the Walter Reed Army Medical Center , among other places . During World War II , he served in Morocco and Italy . Following the war , he served as Deputy Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army from 1946 to 1948 and from 1952 to 1954 with the rank of Brigadier General . He would then serve as Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army with the rank of Major General from 1954 until his retirement in 1958 . Awards he received include the Legion of Merit , the Army Distinguished Service Medal , the Bronze Star Medal , the Army Commendation Medal , the World War II Victory Medal , the Asiatic - Pacific Campaign Medal and the Navy Presidential Unit Citation with award star .