naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Depedogen Depedogen ( Turkish : Depedöğen " Under the hill " ) is an Ottoman fortress , located in the Stara Varoš neighborhood of Podgorica , the capital city of Montenegro . History . The fortress was built in late 15th century ( around 1477 ) , during the period of Ottoman reign . It was built above the confluence of Ribnica and Morača rivers , and was one of 2 fortresses surrounding Stara Varoš . For a long time , Depedogen was used as an ammunition warehouse . It was severely damaged in 1878 , when a thunder strike triggered an explosion which destroyed a large part of the fortress ' s interior and exterior . A legend commonly told by the Serbian Orthodox Church leaders says that the fortress stems from the 12th century , and that it ' s the birthplace of Stefan Nemanja - the founding father of the Nemanjić dynasty . Therefore , a lot of people call the fortress Nemanjin Grad or Nemanjića Grad ( " Nemanja ' s Town " in Serbian ) , and Orthodox ceremonies are often held at the location .
Jagdfliegerführer 1 Jagdfliegerführer 1 was part of Luftflotte 2 ( Air Fleet 2 ) , one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in World War II . It was formed on December 21 , 1939 in Jever . Jagdfliegerführer 1 was redesignated Jagdfliegerführer Mitte on April 1 , 1941 . The headquarter was located at Jever and from July 1940 on in Stade .
Daniel Whitfield Daniel Whitfield ( born 1821 , date of death unknown ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay . Born in 1821 in Newark , New Jersey , Whitfield was still living in that city when he joined the Navy . He served during the Civil War as a quartermaster and gun captain on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 , he " courageously carried out his duties " as " Lackawanna " engaged the at close range , including waiting until his ship came alongside " Tennessee " and then firing his gun ( by use of a lock - string ) into the Confederate ironclad . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on December 31 , 1864 . Whitfield ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Serving as quartermaster on board the U . S . S . " Lackawanna " during successful attacks against Fort Morgan , rebel gunboats and the rebel ram " Tennessee " in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Acting as captain of a gun , Whitfield coolly stood by his gun , holding on to the lock string and waited alongside the rebel ram " Tennessee " until able to fire the shot that entered her port . Whitfield courageously carried out his duties during the prolonged action which resulted in the capture of the prize ram " Tennessee " and in the damaging and destruction of Fort Morgan .
Théodore Sindikubwabo Théodore Sindikubwabo ( 1928 – 1998 ) was the fourth and interim President of Rwanda during the Rwandan genocide , from April 9 to July 19 , 1994 . Prior to that he was President of the National Development Council ( Parliament of Rwanda ) 1988 – 1994 . Born in the town of Butare in the south of Rwanda , Sindikubwabo was educated as a physician , and was Minister of Health in the administration of President Kayibanda . Following the takeover by Juvénal Habyarimana , Sindikubwabo became a practising pediatrician in Kigali Central Hospital . He later returned to politics as a deputy in parliament . Immediately following Habyarimana ' s assassination on April 6 , 1994 , Sindikubwabo was installed as interim President by the Crisis Committee controlled by Colonel Théoneste Bagosora , and was the head of government during the genocide . Many scholars and the British MI6 report that Sindikubwabo and Hutu hardliners organized Habyarimana ' s assassination due to concerns over the Arusha Accords with the aid of French intelligence . Sindikubwabo is widely believed to have been a puppet of the group of military officers who held the real power . On 19 April 1994 , he made a now infamous speech at the ceremony appointing a new " Préfet " ( Governor ) of Butare that was broadcast on national radio , in which he insulted those who were not " working " , a euphemism for killing Tutsi s , and told them to " get out of the way and let us work " . On 29 April , he returned to Butare and told the populace that he was there to supervise the killing of Tutsi . On an 18 May visit to Kibuye Prefecture , he congratulated the people on how well they had done their " work " . Following the invasion of the Rwandese Patriotic Front that took control of the country and ended the genocide , Sindikubwabo fled to Zaire ( now the Democratic Republic of the Congo ) , where he lived in exile in Bukavu . He was interviewed there for the book " We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families " and quoted as saying : " The moment has not yet come to say who is guilty and who is not guilty . " He was initially reported to have been killed in the Rwandan government attack on Bukavu in November 1996 at the beginning of the First Congo War , but subsequent reports put him in Kinshasa . He died in exile in Democratic Republic of the Congo in the late 1990s of natural causes and was never charged by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda .
WATCHCON WATCHCON ( Watch Condition ) is an alert state system used by and coordinated between the South Korean armed forces and United States Department of Defense to measure reconnaissance posture , utilized often in matters concerning North Korea . Hierarchy of Stages . There are four WATCHCON stages .
Castle of Racconigi The Royal Castle of Racconigi is a palace and landscape park in Racconigi , province of Cuneo , Italy . It was the official residence of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy , and is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy included by UNESCO in the World Heritage Sites list . History . The first records of the castle are from around the year 1000 , when Bernardino of Susa rebuilt an ancient manor , leaving it to Cistercian monks . The castle was a possession of the margraves of Saluzzo and others starting in the 13th century , and in the 16th century was acquired by the House of Savoy . In 1630 , Duke Charles Emmanuel I granted it to his nephew Thomas Francis , Prince of Carignano , founder of the Savoy - Carignano line . At this time , the castle was a high brick moat ed fortress with a square plan , four corner towers and a tall donjon ( " mastio " ) on one side . Architecture . Emanuele Filiberto , Prince of Carignano , Tommaso ' s son , in the late 17th century , commissioned Guarino Guarini to transform the fortress into a pleasure residence . The architect erected the current central section where the court was , adding a pagoda - like roof . The two northern towers were replaced by pavilions with dome roof and square plan , provided with white marble lantern s . The gardens were also created . In the late 18th century , Ludovico Luigi Vittorio of Carignano ordered a renovation of the interiors , enlarging the two southern towers , adding stucco and other neoclassical decoration ; he also commissioned a new entrance , with 4 Corinthian columns and a triangular fronton , and the great staircase . Charles Albert , a Carignano who eventually became King of Sardinia , further enlarged and embellished the castle to represent the splendour of the newly acquired reign . His court architect Ernesto Melano expanded the ancient square structure around the central section , added two side buildings connected to the façade pavilions , as well as another staircase on the southern side . Here the last King of Italy , Umberto II , was born in 1904 . Having received the castle as a wedding present in 1930 , he proceeded to install in it the family gallery of some 3 , 000 paintings and historical documents regarding the Shroud of Turin . Landscape park . Emmanuel Philiberto created a magnificent wide park in the jardin à la française style that opens for the castle ' s northwards view . It was designed by the renowned 17th century by the French landscape architect André Le Notre , known to him for designing the gardens of Versailles radiating from Château de Versailles . In the late 18th century the English Landscape garden style was introduced , Pelagio Palagi erected a series of small structures along the lake ; such as the Doric " Tempietto , " the Gothic style chapel , and other landscape elements . A " Russian dacha , " built to honour tsar Nicholas II of Russia ' s visit to Piedmont in order to sign the Racconigi Bargain , was also created in the landscape park .
Kabal A Kabal ( Arabic : fortress ) in modern usage means a one square mile patch of desert , with - tall berms bulldozed to form the perimeter earthworks . Kabals are located less than from the Iraqi border . The Kuwaiti government has cordoned off the northern part of its country , an area of more than out of , where American military and coalition forces are based and are conducting training . Soldiers assigned to these remote sites must maintain 24 - hour operations as units are close to the Iraqi border . Description . Kabals contain dining facilities , air - conditioned sleeping tents , recreation facilities and storage for weapons , tanks and their armored vehicles . The kabals are named New York , New Jersey , Connecticut , Pennsylvania and Virginia . Two others ; " Diamond Head " and " Hunter " are apparently inactive . The kabals are tent cities with each camp containing large areas of tent s which house a half - dozen soldiers apiece , plus mess hall s , rows of portable toilet s , trailers with sinks and showers and a gym . Tents are equipped with telephones . For recreation there are a variety of movies , games , and a computer café . The walls usually form a circle that has one or two entrances guarded by soldiers with other soldiers on guard duty around the perimeter or in guard tower s . Establishing Kabals is manpower - and supply - intensive , requiring many convoys of Class IV ( construction and barrier materiel ) and contracted items . Combat Regeneration and Reorganization [ CR2 ] is the redeployment of equipment , vehicles and soldiers from the Kabal . History . Kabals were established shortly after Operation Desert Storm as part of a U . S . mission to protect Kuwait with a battle - ready battalion and to train service members for possible future wars against Iraq .
478th Bombardment Squadron The 478th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 336th Bombardment Group , stationed at Lake Charles Army Air Field , Louisiana . It was inactivated on 1 May 1944 . History . Established by III Bomber Command as a B - 26 Marauder training squadron .
USS Cheleb ( AK - 138 ) The USS " Cheleb " ( AK - 138 ) was a " Crater " - class cargo ship in the service of the United States Navy in World War II . It was the only ship of the Navy to have borne this name . It is named after Cheleb , a star in the northern hemisphere constellation of Ophiuchus . " Cheleb " was laid down 29 December 1943 as liberty ship SS " Lyman J . Gage " ( MCE hull 520 ) by Permanente Metals Corporation , Richmond , California , under a Maritime Commission contract ; launched 29 January 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . E . E . Carter ; and commissioned 1 January 1944 , Lieutenant A . E . McKimmey , USNR , in command . " Cheleb " cleared San Francisco 20 January 1944 for Pearl Harbor , where she loaded ammunition and explosives for transportation to newly won Kwajalein , which she reached 19 February . Here her cargo , destined for use in the assault of Eniwetok which began that day , was unloaded , and on 11 March , " Cheleb " cleared for Port Hueneme , California , base for the Pacific Naval Construction Battalions . After delivering construction equipment at Pearl Harbor , on 18 April , she returned to Oakland , California , where she was converted to a fleet issue ship . " Cheleb " loaded a varied cargo at San Francisco , and with it arrived at Kwajalein 5 June 1944 to supply ships readying for the assault on the Marianas 10 days later . " Cheleb " also issued stores at Majuro and Eniwetok until 2 August , when she sailed from the Marshalls for San Francisco to reload . Returning to Ulithi 15 October , she supplied ships of the vast 3rd Fleet for the next month , as they carried out their operations supporting the assault on the Philippines . She returned to the west coast to reload in December , and on 22 January 1945 arrived at Eniwetok to provision ships bound for the invasion of Iwo Jima , and later ships destined for the assault on Okinawa . Another voyage to the west coast for repairs and reloading took place in May and June , and on 22 July " Cheleb " arrived in Leyte Gulf to take up the task of issuing supplies once more . During this time , she serviced some of the ships conducting the final pounding air attacks on the Japan ese home islands . " Cheleb " arrived in Tokyo Bay 17 November 1945 , and remained to issue provisions and supplies to occupation forces at the ports of Tokyo , Yokohama , and Yokosuka . She returned to San Francisco 12 May , and later sailed to Pearl Harbor , where she was decommissioned 25 July 1946 . After use in a special explosives test , she was turned over to the War Shipping Administration for disposal , her contribution to the Navy ' s great logistic effort at an end .
George Hodges Knox Sir George Hodges Knox CMG ( 17 December 1885 – 11 July 1960 ) was an Australian politician . The City of Knox is named after him . Knox was born in the Melbourne suburb of Prahran in 1885 and educated at Scotch College Melbourne . He was the son of William Knox , who had been a member of the Victorian Legislative Council between 1897 and 1901 , and the member for Kooyong in the House of Representatives . Knox began his working life as an electrical engineer . He married Kathleen Purves MacPherson in 1909 . Soon after , he moved to Beaconsfield to establish an orchard . He joined the Australian Imperial Force in 1909 and served during World War I . He left the army in 1918 and divorced in 1919 . In 1920 he moved to Ferntree Gully . He married Ada Victoria Harris in 1921 . He was elected to the Fern Tree Gully Shire Council in 1923 . He won the Victorian Legislative Assembly seat for Upper Yarra in 1927 for the Nationalist Party . He became Speaker for the Victorian Parliament in 1942 and remained there until 1947 . Between 1945 and 1960 he held the seat of Scoresby .
Hans Krumminga Hans Krumminga ( 6 May 1920 − 28 November 1943 ) was killed on 6 November 1943 , when straffed on take - off by 15 IAP Yakovlev Yak - 1 s led by Kpt Leontiy . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Henry Palmer ( surgeon ) Henry Palmer was a surgeon in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Early life . Palmer was born in New Hartford , New York in 1827 . He graduated from Albany Medical College in 1854 . In 1856 , Palmer moved to Janesville , Wisconsin . Military career . Palmer joined the 7th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment in 1861 . The following year , he was named Brigadier Surgeon of U . S . Volunteers and remained in the position until the conclusion of the Civil War . Additionally , he was chief surgeon at York U . S . Army Hospital . Post - war . Palmer would spend time as a member of the faculty at the University of Illinois College of Medicine . From 1880 to 1890 , he was Surgeon General of Wisconsin . Additionally , Palmer was twice Mayor of Janesville . He died in 1895 .
Scuttlebutt Scuttlebutt in slang usage means rumor or gossip , deriving from the nautical term for the cask used to serve water ( or , later , a water fountain ) . The term corresponds to the colloquial concept of a water cooler in an office setting , which at times becomes the focus of congregation and casual discussion . Water for immediate consumption on a sailing ship was conventionally stored in a scuttled butt : a butt ( cask ) which had been scuttled by making a hole in it so the water could be withdrawn . Since sailors exchanged gossip when they gathered at the scuttlebutt for a drink of water , scuttlebutt became Navy slang for gossip or rumours . Competition . " Hoisting the scuttlebutt " is an event that Sea Scouts participate in during regattas such as the Old Salts Regatta . In the event a 50 - gallon drum of water is lifted 3 feet off the ground using a block and tackle and a tripod . The tripod is constructed from three spars , which are tied together by " head - lashing . " The block and tackle is suspended from the top of the tripod , which is then erected by the crew . A barrel hitch is tied around the drum , which is then lifted off the ground . It must then be lowered and the equipment " broken down " back to its original condition . Time stops when all crew members are back in line and called to attention by the coxswain . There are three runs per crew , and the crew with the fastest time wins . Disqualification can occur when water is spilled or if crew other than the coxswain ( and sometimes the barrel hitchers ) talk . A run under a minute is generally considered good , though times much lower than this have been seen in competition . History . This event is based on activities that crews used to have to perform on ships very frequently . Water or other goods such as cargo would be stored below deck . A tripod would be put up on the deck over a hole , and the cargo lifted up out of the stores . The modern event is based on this practice .
108th Infantry The 108th Infantry were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . The regiment traces their origins to 1768 , when they were raised as the 1st Battalion , Bombay Sepoys . The regiments first action was during the Mysore Campaign in the Third Anglo - Mysore War . The Battle of Hyderabad followed in 1843 , then the Second Afghan War . During World War I they remained in India with the 9th ( Secunderabad ) Division on training and internal security duties . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 108th Infantry became the 3rd Battalion 4th Bombay Grenadiers . After independence they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army .
Battery " H " West Virginia Light Artillery The Battery " H " West Virginia Light Artillery was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . Battery " H " was raised at Maryland Heights , Maryland on January 4 , 1864 . Battery " H " was mustered out on July 11 , 1865 .
19th Liaison Squadron The 19th Liaison squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with Tenth Air Force , stationed at Fort Lewis , Washington . It was inactivated on 1 December 1945 . History . Operations history . Antisubmarine patrols , March - c . October 1942 ; combat in CBI , June 1944 - August 1945
Napoleon Bonaparte Buford Napoleon Bonaparte Buford ( January 13 , 1807 – March 28 , 1883 ) was an American soldier , Union general in the American Civil War , and railroad executive . He was the half - brother of the famous Gettysburg hero , John Buford , but never attained his sibling ' s military distinction . Birth and early years . Buford was the son of John and Nancy Hickman Buford . He was born in Woodford County , Kentucky on his family ' s plantation , " Rose Hill . " At the time of his birth his namesake , the Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte of France , was at the height of his power . Buford graduated from West Point in 1827 and served for eight years in the artillery and in 1835 resigned from the service to become an engineer . He thereafter engaged in iron manufacturing and banking at Rock Island , Illinois , Ill . , and became president of the Rock Island and Peoria Railroad , which went bankrupt when major Southern bonds were defaulted with the start of the Civil War . Civil War service . In the Civil War , he first served as colonel of the 27th Illinois Infantry , fighting at the Battle of Belmont . He then commanded the so - called " Flotilla Brigade " of the Army of the Mississippi during the Battle of Island Number Ten . This was a brigade of infantry which served on board the gunboats of the Western Flotilla . On April 16 , 1862 President Abraham Lincoln appointed Buford Brigadier General of U . S . Volunteers , to rank from April 15 , 1862 . Buford commanded the 1st Brigade , 3rd Division , Army of the Mississippi during the siege and Battle of Corinth . In the final days of 1862 , he served on the court - martial that convicted Major General Fitz John Porter of cowardice and disobedience . On November 29 , 1862 he was appointed Major General of U . S . Volunteers but this appointment expired on March 4 , 1863 and he reverted to brigadier general on that date . For the rest of the war Buford served as commander of the District of East Arkansas . Buford was mustered out of the army on August 24 , 1865 . On July 5 , 1867 , President Andrew Johnson nominated Buford for appointment to the brevet grade of major general of volunteers , to rank from March 13 , 1865 , and the U . S . Senate confirmed the appointment on July 19 , 1867 . His younger half brother , John Buford , was also a West Point graduate ( Class of 1848 ) and a general in the Union Army during the Civil War , commanding the 1st Division , Cavalry Corps , Army of the Potomac . A cousin , Abraham Buford , was a general in the Confederate States Army . Buford was government inspector of the Union Pacific Railroad from 1867 to 1869 and a special commissioner of Indian affairs in 1867 – 68 . He died in Chicago , Illinois , and is buried in Rock Island , Illinois
Jedburgh Castle Jedburgh Castle was a castle at Jedburgh in Scotland . It was fought over during the Wars of Scottish Independence , and was demolished by the Scots commanded by Sir James Douglas of Balvenie in 1409 . Jedburgh Castle Jail . In 1823 a jail was built on the site to designs by Archibald Elliot . This closed in 1868 . The building was restored to an 1820s appearance in 1964 and opened to the public as Jedburgh Castle Jail and Museum . The museum also features local history displays . The jail was once a youth hostel operated by the Scottish Youth Hostel Association . The location was investigated by Most Haunted in their eleventh series . External links .
Royal Buckinghamshire Militia ( King ' s Own ) The Royal Buckinghamshire Militia ( King ' s Own ) was a militia regiment in the United Kingdom from 1758 to 1881 , when it was amalgamated into The Oxfordshire Light Infantry . The regiment was organised in 1759 as the Buckinghamshire Militia . It was embodied in 1778 , at which time it was ranked the 10th regiment of militia , and remained active for five years . It was regularly re - ranked through its embodiment , becoming the 40th in 1779 , 45nd in 1780 , 20th in 1781 , and 2nd in 1782 . It was embodied again in 1793 for the French Revolutionary Wars , ranked as the 38th , and in 1794 retitled as the Royal Buckinghamshire Militia ( King ' s Own ) . With the resumption of hostilities in 1803 , it was embodied as the 49th , and disembodied with the peace in 1814 . In 1833 , it was ranked as the 35th . It saw service during the Crimean War , being embodied from 1854 to 1856 . In 1881 , under the Childers Reforms , the regiment was transferred into The Oxfordshire Light Infantry as the 3rd Battalion . This was embodied during the South African War in 1900 . As part of the Haldane Reforms in 1908 , the battalion was disbanded . Its place as the 3rd Battalion was taken by the former Oxfordshire Militia .