naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Humphrey Osbaldston Brooke Firman Humphrey Osbaldston Brooke Firman VC ( 24 November 1886 – 24 April 1916 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Firman was born in 1886 to H . B . Firman , J . P . , of New Malden , Surrey . When he was 29 years old , and a lieutenant in the Royal Navy during the First World War , he was awarded the Victoria Cross for his deeds on the night of 24 April 1916 in Mesopotamia in an attempt to resupply the forces trapped in the Siege of Kut . He was killed in action . Citation . A plaque bearing his name was unveiled on the war memorial in New Malden , Surrey in April 2008 . His Victoria Cross is held at the York Castle Museum .
Battle of Anchialus ( 708 ) The Battle of Anchialus ( ) occurred in 708 near the town of Pomorie , Bulgaria . Origins of the conflict . In 705 , the Bulgarian Khan Tervel helped the ex - emperor of Byzantium , Justinian II to regain his throne after 10 years in exile . To show his gratitude , Justinian gave the Bulgarians an enormous quantity of gold , silver and silk as well as the " Zagore " area , located between Stara Zagora , Sliven and the Black Sea . Three years later , Justinian II considered himself strong enough to invade Bulgaria and restore his rule over these lands . The battle . The Byzantines reached the Anchialus fortress and set their camp there unaware of the fact that the Bulgarian army was in the vicinity . While the invaders were gathering food , Tervel and his cavalry charged the outermost Byzantine troops . In the same time the infantry attacked the camp . The Byzantines were surprised and confused ; most of them perished in the battle or were captured as well as many horses and arms . The emperor was one of the very few who managed to reach the fortress and escaped to Constantinople on a ship . Aftermath . The Bulgarians secured the new territorial gains for centuries . In 711 when a riot forced Justinian II to seek for help , Tervel gave him only 3 , 000 soldiers who after several skirmishes were given safe conduct to Bulgaria by the new emperor and Justinian II was executed .
Eugene Paul Bennett Eugene Paul Bennett VC MC ( 4 June 1892 – 6 April 1970 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was 24 years old , and a Temporary Lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion , The Worcestershire Regiment , British Army during the First World War when on 5 November 1916 near Le Transloy France the deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . The award citation published in the London Gazette reads : Bennett first served in the ranks of the Artists ' Rifles and later achieved the rank of captain . He was born in Cainscross , Stroud , Gloucestershire , the fourth of five sons of Mr and Mrs Charles Bennett . Bennett was a pupil of Marling School from 1905 to 1908 having gained a scholarship from Uplands School , Stroud . After World War I he became a lawyer , being called to the bar in 1923 , then serving as Prosecuting Counsel from 1931 to 1935 and a Metropolitan Magistrate from 1935 to his retirement in 1961 . During World War II he served as an officer in the Air Training Corps of the RAF . He retired to Vicenza , in northern Italy , where he died at the age of 77 . His Victoria Cross is displayed at The Worcestershire Regiment Museum " ( Worcester , Worcestershire , England ) " .
401st Army Field Support Brigade The 401st Army Field Support Brigade is a forward support brigade of the United States Army . The 401st AFSB command and controls two Army Field Support Battalions in Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom : 3 - 401st AFSB which is located at Bagram Airfield and responsible for supporting Regional Command East and North ; and 4 - 401st AFSB which is located at Kandahar Air Field and responsible for supporting Regional Command South and West . It reports to Joint Sustainment Command - Afghanistan .
MARSEC MARSEC ( MARitime SECurity ) is the three - tiered United States Coast Guard Maritime Security system designed to easily communicate to the Coast Guard and the maritime industry pre - planned scalable responses for credible threats . Its objective is to provide an assessment of possible terrorist activity within the maritime sectors of transportation , including threats to nautical facilities and vessels falling within the jurisdiction of the United States that could be targets of attack . The Coast Guard originally created MARSEC to be compatible with , and respond in unison to the Department of Homeland Security ’ s ( DHS ) Homeland Security Advisory System ( HSAS ) . With the introduction of the National Terrorism Advisory System ( NTAS ) to replace HSAS , the Commandant of the Coast Guard will adjust the MARSEC Level , if appropriate , based on any NTAS Alert issued by DHS . Alert levels . Under the HSAS there were three levels to the system : The current levels are :
Victorian Mounted Rifles The Victorian Mounted Rifles ( VMR ) was a regiment composed of Australian forces that served in the Second Boer War . It was first raised by Colonel Tom Price in the mid - 1880s , composed of voluntary forces . It was composed of several contingents , the most notable being the 5th Victorian Mounted Rifles . Composition . 2nd Victorian Mounted Rifles . This was led by Colonel Price in the Second Boer War . 5th Victorian Mounted Rifles . The 5th contingent enrolled for the Second Boer War in February 1901 , leaving for South Africa in mid - February . The regiment was mobilised at Pretoria between 24 March and 4 April 1901 . It saw considerable action during the Second Boer War when it was used to combat the guerilla warfare tactics of the Boers . Leslie Cecil Maygar was awarded the Victoria Cross for gallant acts during the Second Boer War whilst enlisted in 5 VMR . The Regiment came into controversy after an attack on their camp at Wilmansrust . The 5th saw heavy casualties with the Regimental surgeon , and 18 NCO s and men killed ; five officers and 36 NCOs and men were wounded . The Officer in Charge of the column , Major - General Sir Stuart Brownlow Beatson , K . C . B . , K . C . S . I . , K . C . V . O . ( 1854 – 1914 ) , was not satisfied with the actions of the Victorian Mounted Rifles and was quoted as saying : " " I tell you what I think . The Australians are a damned fat , round shouldered , useless crowd of wasters . . . In my opinion they are a lot of white - livered curs . . . You can add dogs too . " " He charged three men — Troopers James Steele ( 1142 ) , Arthur Richards ( 1272 ) and Herbert Henry Parry ( 1335 ) . — of the VMR for cowardice and after a summary Court Martial , he sentenced them to death . This sentence was commuted by General Kitchener who was in charge of all allied forces . The reduced sentences were debated in both the Australian and British Parliaments and were eventually commuted . When the 5th VMR departed from South Africa , Lord Kitchener sent the CO this telegram : < br > " 11 March 1902 , < br > Cape Town , < br > Please Convey to your Australians my warm appreciation of their gallant and arduous service in this country . In the name of the Army in South Africa , I wish them good luck and God speed . "
HMS Hampshire ( 1741 ) HMS " Hampshire " was a 50 - gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built to the 1733 proposals of the 1719 Establishment dimensions at Ipswich , and launched on 13 November 1741 . On 29 March 1742 she was under the command of Captain Thomas Limeburner when she captured the " Galgo " , a Spanish privateer sloop of 12 guns and 12 " patereros " ( swivel gun s ) . She had a crew of 140 men , some of whom were English . She was a new vessel , only 14 months old , belonging to San Sebastián , and had taken 21 prizes . The Royal Navy apparently briefly took " Galgo " into service under her existing name . In January of 1743 Limeburner and " Hampshire " captured two more privateers , one of the same strength as the " Galgo " . The other was armed with 15 guns and swivels , and had a crew of 124 men . On 17 October 1760 " Hampshire " , and intercepted five French vessels in the Windward Passage . On 18 October " Lively " captured the French 20 - gun corvette " Valeur " . " Boreas " captured the frigate " Sirenne " , and " Hampshire " chased the merchant frigate " Prince Edward " on shore where her crew set fire to her , leading her to blow up . On 19 October , " Hampshire " , with " Lively " and " Valeur " , cornered the King ' s frigate " Fleur de Lis " in Freshwater Bay , a little to leeward of Port - de - Paix ; her crew too set her on fire . " Prince Edward " was armed with 32 guns and had a crew of 180 men under the command of Captain Dubois . " Fleur de Lis " was also armed with 32 guns , and had a crew of 190 men under the command of Captain Diguarty . The merchant frigate " Duc de Choiseul " , of 32 guns and 180 men under the command of Captain Bellevan , escaped into Port - de - Paix . The two merchant frigates carried cargoes of sugar and indigo . " Hampshire " served until being broken up in 1766 .
No . 221 Squadron RAF No . 221 Squadron was a Royal Air Force squadron that saw service in both the First and Second World War s . Its motto was " From sea to sea " . History . The Squadron was formed in Greece on 1 April 1918 , from ' D ' Squadron of No . 2 Wing RNAS . Initially engaged in anti - submarine warfare in the Aegean , it was sent to Russia in December 1918 to support White forces against the Bolsheviks . The unit was based at Petrovsk from January to 1 September 1919 when it was disbanded . On 21 November 1940 , No . 221 Squadron was reformed as part of Coastal Command . It flew Vickers Wellington s on reconnaissance and anti - submarine patrols in the Atlantic , first out of England , then Northern Ireland and later Iceland . The squadron relocated to the Middle East in January 1942 and operated in the Mediterranean for the rest of the war , disbanding in Egypt on 25 August 1945 .
Hans Eckert Hans Eckert ( 1 June 1916 — 11 July 1974 ) was a Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) , in the Waffen - SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . This was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Early life . Hans Eckert was born at Zailach in Middle Franconia on 1 June 1916 . He joined the SS - VT in 1934 . World War II . Eckert was selected to become an officer and was promoted to Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) in July 1941 . He commanded 14th Company , 3rd SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Deutschland " and on 9 November 1942 , was promoted to Obersturmführer ( First Lieutenant ) . In February 1943 Eckert was given command of 8th Company , " Deutschland " Regiment and was awarded the German Cross in Gold . In March 1944 , he was given command of a Battalion in the Kampfgruppe , " Das Reich " . On 5 April his Kampfgruppe started a dawn attack in the Stratkowze , Wysuzka , Olexinze and Skypowce sector which by 7 April had reached Tluste - Miasto , capturing a number of Red Army men and equipment . For these actions Eckert was awarded the Knight ' s Cross , the Close Combat Clasp in Gold and promoted to Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) , and given command of the I . Battalion , 3rd SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Deutschland " . Postwar . Eckert survived the war and died on 11 July 1974 .
Arado Ar 195 The Arado Ar 195 was a single - engine prototype carrier - based torpedo bomber built by the German firm Arado for service on the during World War II . Design and development . A derivative of the Ar 95 , fitted with an arrestor hook and catapult equipment as well as a taller canopy , the Ar 195 was intended as a torpedo bomber to equip Nazi Germany ' s first aircraft carrier , the " Graf Zeppelin " . Although three prototypes were flown in 1937 , the design did not meet the requirements of the specification and so was rejected in favour of the Fieseler Fi 167 , which was considered superior .
USS Rosa ( SP - 757 ) USS " Rosa " ( SP - 757 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Rosa " was built as a private wooden motorboat of the same name in 1909 by Jensen at San Diego , California . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Jack Merrill of Coronado , California , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned on 17 May 1917 as USS " Rosa " ( SP - 757 ) , although the Navy did not actually take delivery of her from Merrill until 29 June 1917 , when she entered service with Ensign E . W . Dort in command . Assigned to duty in San Diego Harbor , " Rosa " conducted patrols , provided minor transportation services , and conducted salvage operations for the rest of World War I . Ca . December 1917 , she is known to have alternated between guard and patrol duty at San Diego on rotation with the patrol boats , , , and occasionally . " Rosa " was decommissioned around 17 December 1918 and was returned to Merrill on 6 January 1919 .
RAF Nicosia Royal Air Force Station Nicosia or RAF Nicosia was a Royal Air Force ( RAF ) station on the island of Cyprus , built in the 1930s . The station served as Headquarters Royal Air Force Cyprus from 8 June to 29 July 1941 . The original principal airport for Cyprus , Nicosia International Airport , was built within the site of the RAF station . Both civil and military aviation on the island operated from the site , although the RAF disestablished the station in 1966 . The 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus led to the cessation of commercial operations from the airport , although the site is still owned by the British Ministry of Defence , but is controlled by the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus and used as a base by United Nations peace - keeping patrol helicopter s . Station history . Source : " Britain ' s Small Wars " Current use . The site is now the currently largely disused Nicosia International Airport .
Alexis Chalbos Alexis François Chalbos ( 1736 – 1803 ) was a French general of the French Revolutionary Wars . In 1751 , he joined the régiment de Normandie as a private . In June 1789 he was promoted to captain , then to general in 1793 . He served especially in the War in the Vendée , for a short time succeeding Thomas - Alexandre Dumas as commander in chief of the armée de l ' Ouest . He ended his career in command of the forces in the stronghold at Mainz .
Russian Guards Guards ( ) or Guards units ( ) were and still are elite military units of Imperial Russia , the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation . The tradition goes back to the a chieftain ' s " druzhina " of medieval Kievan Rus ' and the Marksman Troops ( Стрелецкое Войско ) , the Muscovite harquebusiers formed by Ivan the Terrible by 1550 . The exact meaning of the term " Guards " varied over time . Imperial Russian Guard . In the Russian Empire , Imperial Russian Guard units ( " Leib - Guards " , ) , derived from German ' Leibwächter ' ( body - guards ) , were intended to ensure the security of the sovereign , initially , that of Peter the Great in the 1690s . These were based on the Prussian Royal Life Guards . At the beginning of the 20th century , the Imperial Guards consisted of 13 infantry , 4 rifles and 14 cavalry regiment s and a few other support units , they were abolished in 1918 . The Imperial Russian Guard units were not exclusively composed of Russian troops , they also included Lithuanian , Finnish and Ukrainian personnel . Russian Revolution . The Red Guards ( ) were armed groups of workers formed during the Russian Revolution of 1917 . They were the main strike force of the Bolsheviks , and were created in March 1917 at industrial enterprises by Factory and Plant Committee s and by Bolshevik party cells . When the Soviet Red Army was formed in 1918 , the Red Guards became the Army Reserve and the basis for the formation of regular military detachments . The White Guard ( ) or White Army ( , whose members were called ) , comprised both the political and military forces of the Russian White Movement , which opposed the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution and fought against the Red Army during the Russian Civil War from 1918 to 1921 . Soviet Guards . The Guards units ( ) were again awarded to units and formations which distinguishing themselves during the second world war by the order of People ' s Commissar for Defence of USSR No . 303 on the 18 September 1941 , and were considered to have elite status . However , the Guards badge was not introduced until 21 May 1943 . There were total 11 Guard Armies and 6 Guard Tank Armies : Russian Federation Guards . The Guards distinction was retained as designations of unit s and formation s in the armed forces of the former Soviet Union : Russia , Belarus , and Ukraine .
94th Regiment of Foot The 94th Regiment of Foot was a British Army line infantry regiment . Originally formed as the ' Scots Brigade ' in 1568 , for service in the Netherlands . The regiment was brought onto the English establishment , in October 1794 , as the ' Scotch Brigade ' , renumbered as the 94th Regiment of Foot in December 1802 and disbanded in December 1818 . The regiment was reformed in December 1823 and served until 1881 when it was merged with the 88th Regiment of Foot to form the Connaught Rangers Service history . The regiment started life in Dutch service as the ' Scots Brigade ' in 1568 . In 1665 the regiment took the ' Oath of Allegiance ' to the Dutch states General and declined to return to Scotland . In 1794 the regiment rebelled against taking orders in the Dutch language and were taken onto the English establishment in October of that year , as the ' Scotch Brigade ' . It was renumbered as the 94th Regiment of Foot in December 1802 . After serving in Jersey , the 94th went to Lisbon and from there to Cadiz , in 1810 , where is was distinguished at the sanguinary defence of Fort Matagorda before Joining Lord Wellington ' s army in the lines of Torres Vedras . 1n 1814 the regiment was posted to Ireland , where it remained through the Waterloo campaign and was disbanded on 24 December 1818 . The regiment was reformed in December 1823 , in Glasgow . Of the initial appointments , two of the officers were taken from the half - pay list of the old 94th Foot ( captain and ensign ) and two had previous service in the 94th Foot ( major and captain ) . Following their reformation the regiment served in a variety of settings during the colonial period . In 1824 the regiment was posted to Gibraltar where it was presented with its new regimental colours , before returning to Ireland . In 1838 the regiment was posted to Ceylon to relieve the 58th Regiment , then moved to Madras the year after and served in that Presidency for fifteen years , during which time it had some action in the Mappila riots . In 1854 , the regiment supplied volunteers to some units in the Crimean war , whilst service companies served in Gibraltar from September 1855 , to June 1856 . In October , 1857 , the 94th was ordered to Karachi , whence it was afterwards transferred to Peshawar in the North - West Frontier region and in other parts of India and Aden , in the Yemen , until 1868 . On 26 May 1874 the Battle Honours and Distinctions of the old 94th were granted to the regiment . The following year , in 1875 , the regiment adopted the diced band to their shako ( the distinguishing mark of Lowland Scottish regiments ) and was allowed to revive the Elephant and the Indian and Peninsular honours of the old ' Scotch Brigade ' . In 1879 the regiment fought in the Zulu War and took part in the First Boer War in 1880 . The following year , in 1881 , as part of the Childers Reforms the 94th amalgamated with the 88th Regiment of Foot to become the 2nd battalion the Connaught Rangers .
Ina Castle History . The lord of Ina village , Honda Sadatada , built Ina Castle in approximately 1440 . It was well sited , for it was surrounded on three sides by rice paddies and rivers and on the fourth by an inlet , which allowed supplies to come into the castle directly from Mikawa Bay . Sadatora ' s descendants continued to use the castle as their headquarters from which they ruled the area for about 150 years , until Honda Yasutoshi was transferred to the Shimōsa region . Today there is a park on the site of the castle , with a small reconstruction of a tower and explanatory signboards in Japanese . Sources . http : / / www . kandou10 . jp / en / spot / spot103 _ e02 _ 1 . html
HMS Aurora ( 1887 ) HMS " Aurora " was a ship of the " Orlando " - class of first - class cruiser s built in the yards at Pembroke Dock and launched on 28 October 1887 . She was sold for scrapping on 2 October 1907 to Payton of Milford Haven . This ship took part in the Boxer rebellion in 1901 , under the command of Captain Edward Henry Bayly , RN .
Battle of Grudziądz ( 1659 ) The 1659 Battle of Grudziądz took place in the Polish town of Grudziądz ( ) during the Swedish Deluge ( ) , around 29 – 30 August 1659 . Polish forces were commanded either by hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski or general Krzysztof Grodzicki ( sources vary ) . The battle ended with the Polish victory , after a week - long siege ; however much of the city was destroyed in a fire . Background . Swedes had taken Grudziądz on December 13 , 1655 , after their failed attempt at conquering Denmark followed by the subsequent march along the Baltic coast . The Swedish troops of King Charles X , went on to build additional fortifications in the town , which were later inspected by the king himself , on his tour of the south coast of the Baltic sea . Polish hetman Stefan Czarniecki – Field Hetman of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom – arrived in Pomorze at the beginning of 1657 with an armed force of about 6 , 000 cavalrymen ready for the defence of the region , which was part of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth ruled by the Polish King John II Casimir ( 1648 – 1668 ) . The battle was fought by the entrenched Swedish units in the town and the surrounding Polish army . Battle . Along with Stefan Czarniecki arrived the Polish Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski – Field Crown Hetman since 1658 , who approached Grudziądz fortress in mid - August . ( While some sources name Lubomirski the commander , others name general Krzysztof Grodzicki ) . Poles gave the Swedes an opportunity to surrender , but expecting to be relieved , they refused . After a week - long siege the Poles defeated the Swedes on 29 – 30 August 1659 . Much of the city was destroyed in a fire . The campaign was won also thanks to the devotion of local government ( Starostwo ) and Marie Louise Gonzaga who raised the sum of 1 , 415 Polish zloty to pay for the maintenance of the army .
HMS Sultan ( 1807 ) HMS " Sultan " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 19 September 1807 at Deptford Wharf . " Sultan " became a receiving ship in 1860 , and was broken up in 1864 .