naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Isaac C . Kidd Isaac Campbell Kidd ( March 26 , 1884 – December 7 , 1941 ) was an American Rear Admiral in the United States Navy who was killed on the bridge of the during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor . He was the father of Admiral Isaac C . Kidd , Jr . . He was a posthumous recipient of his nation ' s highest military honor — the Medal of Honor . The highest ranking casualty at Pearl Harbor , he became the first U . S . Navy flag officer killed in action in World War II as well as the first killed in action against any foreign enemy . A Fletcher Class Destroyer , the USS Kidd was commissioned in his honor on April 23 , 1943 . Early years and military service . Kidd was born in Cleveland , Ohio , in 1884 . He entered the U . S . Naval Academy in 1902 , graduating with the Class of 1906 in February of that year . He was commissioned an ensign in 1908 . Kidd participated in the 1907 - 09 Great White Fleet cruise around the world while serving on the . Following service on the and the , Kidd became the Aide and Flag Secretary to the Commander in Chief , Pacific Fleet , the first of his many flagstaff assignments . He was an instructor at the U . S . Naval Academy in 1916 - 17 . During and after World War I , Kidd was stationed on the , and then he had further staff and Naval Academy service . He was the executive officer of the battleship in 1925 - 26 , then commanded the until becoming the Captain of the Port at Chrisobal , Panama Canal Zone in 1927 - 30 . Promoted to the rank of Captain , he was the Chief of Staff to the Commander , Base Force , United States Fleet in 1930 - 32 . After three years at the Bureau of Navigation in Washington , D . C . , he was the Commander of Destroyer Squadron One , Scouting Force , in 1935 - 36 . During the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , Rear Admiral Kidd was the Commander of Battleship Division One and the Chief of Staff and Aide , to the Commander , Battleship Battle Force . At his first knowledge of the attack , he rushed to the bridge of , his flagship , and " courageously discharged his duties as Senior Officer Present Afloat until the " Arizona " blew up from a magazine explosion and a direct bomb hit on the bridge which resulted in the loss of his life . " Admiral Kidd ' s body was never recovered and to this day is still considered missing in action . U . S . Navy salvage divers located his Naval Academy ring fused to a bulkhead on the " Arizona " ' s bridge . A trunk containing his personal memorabilia was found in the wreck and sent to his widow . Rediscovered in the attic by his children , both the trunk and its contents are now displayed in the museum at the USS Arizona Memorial . Awards and decorations . Admiral Kidd posthumously received the Medal of Honor and the Purple Heart . His other awards include the Army of Cuban Pacification Medal , Mexican Service Medal , World War I Victory Medal with Atlantic Fleet Clasp , American Defense Service Medal with Fleet Clasp , Asiatic - Pacific Campaign Medal with one bronze battle star for Pearl Harbor ( posthumous ) , and the World War II Victory Medal ( posthumous ) .
Grid fin Grid fins ( or lattice fins ) are a type of flight control surface used on missile s and bomb s in place of more conventional control surfaces , such as planar fins . They have been used since the 1970s in various Soviet ballistic missile designs such as the SS - 12 " Scaleboard " , SS - 20 " Saber " , SS - 21 " Scarab " , SS - 23 " Spider " , and SS - 25 " Sickle " , as well as the N - 1 ( the intended rocket for the Soviet moon program ) . In Russia , they are referred to as " " grid fins . Grid fins have been used on conventional missiles and bombs such as the Vympel R - 77 air - to - air missile ; the 3M - 54 Klub ( SS - N - 27 Sizzler ) family of cruise missile s ; and the American Massive Ordnance Air Blast ( MOAB ) large - yield conventional bomb . They have also been used on specialized devices such as the Quick - MEDS delivery system and as part of the launch escape system for the Soyuz spacecraft . Design characteristics . Conventional " planar " control fins are shaped like miniature wings . By contrast , grid fins are a lattice of smaller aerodynamic surfaces arranged within a box . Their appearance has sometimes led them to be compared to potato masher s or waffle iron s . Grid fins can be folded against the body of a missile more easily than planar fins , allowing for more compact storage of the weapon ; this is of importance for craft which store weapons in internal bays , such as stealth aircraft . Shortly after release , the fins are swiveled into place for use as control surfaces . In the case of the MOAB , grid fins allow the weapon to fit inside a C - 130 cargo bay for deployment while the craft is in flight . Grid fins have a much shorter " chord " ( the distance between leading and trailing edge of the surface ) than planar fins , as they are effectively a group of short fins mounted parallel to one another . Their reduced chord reduces the amount of torque exerted on the steering mechanism by high - speed airflow , allowing for the use of smaller fin actuators , and a smaller tail assembly overall . Their small chord also makes them less prone to stall at high angles of attack , allowing for tighter turns . Grid fins perform very well at subsonic and supersonic speeds , but poorly at transonic speeds ; the flow causes a normal shock wave to form within the lattice , causing much of the airflow to pass completely around the fin instead of through it and generating significant wave drag . However , at high Mach numbers , grid fins flow fully supersonic and can provide lower drag and greater maneuverability than planar fins .
USS Marlin ( SST - 2 ) USS " Marlin " ( SST - 2 ) , originally USS " T - 2 " ( SST - 2 ) , was a " T - 1 " - class training submarine in commission from 1953 to 1973 . She was the second submarine of the United States Navy to be named for the marlin , a large game fish . She was one of the smallest operational submarines ever built for the U . S . Navy . Construction and commissioning . " T - 2 " was laid down on 1 May 1952 by the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton , Connecticut . She was launched on 14 October 1953 , sponsored by Mrs . William R . DeLoach , and commissioned as USS " T - 2 " on 20 November 1953 with Lieutenant Edward Holt in command . Service history . After shakedown in the Massachusetts Bay area , " T - 2 " , got underway from New London , Connecticut , in late January 1954 for her home port at Naval Station Key West at Key West , Florida . Assigned to Submarine Squadron 12 , Submarine Force , United States Atlantic Fleet , she immediately began operations in the sector from southern Florida to Guantánamo Bay , Cuba . For a decade and a half she performed valuable service as a target and training ship and helped to evaluate submarine and antisubmarine warfare equipment and tactics . Renamed " Marlin " on 15 May 1956 , the submarine deployed to Guantanamo Bay for services to the Fleet Training Group in January 1956 , July and August 1958 , March 1960 , and December 1961 . In March 1963 , " Marlin " participated in the National Defense Industrial Association ( NDIA ) demonstration . From 1963 , " Marlin " performed mainly target duty for both surface and air antisubmarine units at the Fleet Sonar School at Key West . In addition to target and training duty , " Marlin " participated in various fleet operations . From 7 March 1965 to 4 April 1965 , for example , " Marlin " joined her sister ship and attack submarine s , , and , along with a task force under Commander , Mine Force , in participating in mine warfare maneuvers . Decommissioning . " Marlin " and her sister ship " Mackerel " were decommissioned on 31 January 1973 in a dual ceremony at Naval Station Key West . Both also were stricken from the Naval Vessel Register that day . Museum ship . On 15 August 1973 , the U . S . Navy donated " Marlin " for use as a museum ship . On 20 August 1974 , she was assigned for display as a memorial submarine in Freedom Park at the Greater Omaha Marina at 2000 North 25th Street , in Omaha , Nebraska .
Battle of Malatitze The Battle of Molyatichi ( Swedish : Malatitze ) , also known as the Battle of Dobroye , took place on August 31 , 1708 at Molyatichi ( present - day Belarus near the Russia n border ) during the Great Northern War . The Russian army of Peter the Great under the command of Mikhail Golitsyn successfully attacked the avatgarde of the Swedish Army of Charles XII under Carl Gustaf Roos . The fighting occurred in the swamp between the rivers Belaya Natopa and Chernaya Natopa . The Swedish forces were surprised by the Russian attack in the morning fog and withdrew to the main Swedish army . The swampy landscape prevented the Russian cavalry to cut off the Swedish way of retreat . Since the attack of the main body of the Swedish army was not part of the Russian intentions at that moment , the Russians pulled back . The Swede chronists noted the grown fighting skills of the Russians . Together with the following Battle of Lesnaya , the battle of Malatitze caused Charles XII to abort his advance to Central Russia .
Seeadler - class fast attack craft The Type 141 " Seeadler " class fast attack craft differs from Type 140 " Jaguar " class fast attack craft only in the installation of other , later more powerful diesel engine . The Seeadler class was replaced in service with the Bundesmarine by the Type 143 " Albatros " class .
Tung Chung Battery Tung Chung Battery ( ) is a former artillery battery located on Lantau Island in Hong Kong . Named after the eponymous district it is situated in , it was built in 1817 , twenty - four years before the British took possession of Hong Kong . It was rediscovered in 1980 and is a declared monument of Hong Kong . History . Construction on the Tung Chung Battery was completed in 1817 . Located a kilometre north of the Tung Chung Fort , its purpose was to protect Tung Chung Bay from pirates that threatened the coasts and seas of southern China . At the time , China did not have a large navy , and thus , relied on the development of forts as an alternative way to defend its coast . The coastal fortification consisted of two coastal artillery cannon emplacements that guarded the Bay , along with seven guard houses . The site of the battery was chosen because it was located on a cliff that overlooked the water . This provided excellent views of the sea and a clear vantage point in case of a potential naval attack . The construction of the battery was recorded in the " Guangdong Annals " , which recounted how two forts were built at the base of the " Rocky Lion Hill " — the literal translation of Shek She ( ) . Rediscovery . After having been buried underneath thick foliage for approximately a century , the battery was rediscovered in 1980 . All that remained was an L - shaped wall that contained a corner platform ; according to the Antiquities and Monuments Office ( AMO ) , this was most likely utilized as a gun emplacement . After the discovery , the government undertook restoration work on the historic site . The battery was declared a monument on November 11 , 1983 . In November 1997 , the site was included in the AMO ' s celebration tour of historic sites in North Lantau as part of the Year of Heritage . The festivities culminated in a traditional Cantonese opera performed at the Tung Chung Fort . Due to the amount of development that has taken place , the battery now faces towards Hong Kong International Airport , instead of Chek Lap Kok island and an open Tung Chung Bay as it used to .
Tymofiy Khmelnytsky Tymofiy Bohdanovych Khmelnytsky or Tymish Khmelnytsky ( " Тимофій " , " Тиміш " , " Тимош Хмельницький " ; 1632 - September 15 , 1653 ) was the eldest son of Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky . Married to Moldavia n princess Ruxandra ( " Rozanda " in Ukrainian ) , daughter of Prince Vasile Lupu , he took part in the Battle of Finta ( 1653 ) as commander of a Cossack force . After the defeat , Timofiy was besieged by a Wallachia n army in Suceava and died in the confrontation .
USS Remus ( ARL - 40 ) USS " Remus " ( ARL - 40 ) was one of 39 " Achelous " - class landing craft repair ships built for the United States Navy during World War II . Named for Remus ( along with Romulus , one of the legendary twin sons of Mars and the Vestal Rhea Silvia ) , she was the only U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name . Originally laid down by the Kaiser Company of Vancouver , Washington 28 July 1942 ; sponsored by Mrs . Edward M . Argersinger ; and commissioned as " LST - 453 " on 21 January 1943 with Lieutenant A . J . Hamre , USNR , in command . Service history . Following shakedown off the West Coast , " LST - 453 " sailed west 2 March 1943 for Brisbane , Australia via Pearl Harbor and Nouméa . Arriving at Brisbane 8 May , she was converted to a repair ship and tender for amphibious craft . She departed Brisbane for Milne Bay , 6 June 1943 , arriving on 17 June as one of the first amphibious craft in New Guinea . Three days later she proceeded to Goodenough Island , where she tended and repaired LCTs and other small craft through the summer . On 13 September she was ordered to Buna , where she added duties as flagship , Landing Craft Control Officer , to her activities . While at Buna , " LST - 453 " was the only source of supply for ships operating in the forward area and was required to tend up to 70 ships per month . On 15 December " LST - 453 " received several near misses from medium bomber s which attacked her at Hanisch Harbor . She shifted to Cape Cretin , where there were also frequent air raids . In January , 1944 the ship was assigned a 400 - ton pontoon drydock and she continued to operate from one to two drydocks throughout the remainder of her tour in the southwest Pacific , towing the drydock forward with her on every move . On 15 April the ship was sent to the Admiralty Islands to service ships staging for the Hollandia - Aitape invasion . She returned to Cape Cretin on 24 April 1944 and continued operations in that area until 14 June 1944 . She then sailed for Alexishafen where she joined several other tenders on a rigid repair program to ready ships for future operations . On 15 August 1944 she was redesignated as " ARL - 40 " and named " Remus " . Departing from Alexishafen 15 September 1944 for Mios Woendi , " Remus " became the advanced based tender of the 7th Fleet Amphibious Force . On 12 January 1945 she sailed for Leyte arriving on the 22nd to operate there throughout the remainder of her foreign service . Charged with repairs to all LCTs in the area , she operated two drydocks , one 250 - ton pontoon dock for LCTs , and one 400 - ton dock for LCIs and LCSs . Sailing east 17 October 1945 , she transited the Panama Canal 6 December and arrived at New Orleans eight days later to join the Atlantic Reserve Fleet . Through the spring of 1946 , she prepared landing craft for the mothball fleet , then on 15 July was herself decommissioned . Struck from the Naval Vessel Register 15 August 1946 , she was sold to B . T . Jones for scrap 16 December 1947 .
W41 W41 was the designation of an American nuclear warhead , which was investigated during the late 1950s . Intended for use in the SM - 64 Navajo cruise missile , the program was cancelled in 1957 . The program was brief , considered at the same time as the TX - 29 , WX - 15 - X1 and XW - 21 warheads . All were eventually replaced as the proposed Navajo warhead by the 39 . The W41 was an adaptation of the B41 ( Mk - 41 ) thermonuclear bomb which was produced in large numbers and served in stockpile for 15 years . History . A warhead version of the B41 thermonuclear bomb , development of the W41 began in November 1956 at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory . Investigated as a possible warhead for the SM - 64 Navajo , a cruise missile then in development , work on the warhead continued through July 1957 , when the project was cancelled . Conspiracy theories . Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill , conspiracy theories began that claimed a W41 nuclear bomb would be used to seal the oil well , despite the use of a nuclear weapon in the role having been officially rejected .
Joseph Caravalho Brigadier General ( Promotable ) Joseph Caravalho , Jr . , M . D . , graduated in 1979 from Gonzaga University in Spokane , Washington with a BA in Mathematics . He was a commissioned a Second Lieutenant through the Army ROTC Program . In 1983 , he graduated with a Medical Doctorate from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences School of Medicine , and was commissioned a Captain in the Medical Corps . Career . Caravalho held positions as a staff internist , nuclear medicine physician , and cardiologist . He served as Chief of Cardiology at Tripler Army Medical Center ( AMC ) , Honolulu , Hawaii , and as Deputy Commander for Clinical Services at Womack AMC , Fort Bragg , North Carolina . His operational medical experience includes assignments as Surgeon , 1st Battalion , 1st Special Forces Group ( Airborne ) , Okinawa , Japan ; Physician Augmentee , Joint Special Operations Command , Fort Bragg ; Surgeon , 75th Ranger Regiment , Fort Benning , GA ; Deputy Chief of Staff , Surgeon , U . S . Army Special Operations Command ; Assistant Chief of Staff , Health Affairs , XVIII Airborne Corps , Fort Bragg . He also commanded the 28th Combat Support Hospital and the 44th Medical Command ( Rear ) ( Provisional ) , both at Fort Bragg . He has two deployments in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom , most recently serving as the Surgeon for both Multi - National Force - Iraq and Multi - National Corps - Iraq . After his last deployment , he served as the Commanding General for Great Plains Regional Medical Command ( RMC ) , and then , following USAMEDCOM recognization , for both Southern RMC and Brooke AMC , both at Fort Sam Houston , TX . Before coming to the U . S . Army Medical Research and Material Command , BG ( P ) Caravalho served as Commanding General , Northern RMC , Fort Belvoir , VA . Awards and Recognition . Caravalho holds the Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster ( OLC ) , Legion of Merit ( OLC ) , Bronze Star Medal , Defense Meritorious Service Medal , Army Meritorious Service Medal ( 6 OLC ) , Joint and Army Commendation Medal s , and the Army Achievement Medal ( 3 OLC ) . He is also a member of the Order of Military Medical Merit . Personal life . Caravalho has been married for over 29 years and has two adult children .
German 1st Panzer Brigade ( 1st Panzer Division ) 1st Panzer Brigade ( " 1 . Panzer - Brigade " ) was an element within the German 1st Panzer Division ( " 1 . Panzer - Division " ) was an elite armoured division in the German Army during World War II . Officer roster . At the start of the war , the Brigade ' s officers included a number who would serve with distinction in the war . Order of battle . 1 . Panzer - Brigade
German submarine U - 299 German submarine " U - 299 " was a Type VIIC / 41 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down on 1 March 1943 by the Bremer Vulkan " Werft " ( yard ) at Bremen - Vegesack as ' werk ' 64 , launched on 6 November 1943 and commissioned on 15 December with " Oberleutnant " Helmuth Heinrich in command . In six patrols , she sank no ships . She was a member of one wolfpack . She surrendered at Kristiansand - Sud in May 1945 and was sunk as part of Operation " Deadlight " in December . Service history . The boat ' s service life began with training with the 8th U - boat Flotilla in December 1943 . She was then transferred to the 11th flotilla for operations on 1 August 1944 . She was reassigned to the 13th flotilla on 5 November and moved again to the 14th flotilla on 1 March 1945 . 1st and 2nd patrols . " U - 295 " s first patrol was notable in that she came under air attack on 16 July 1944 . The commander was wounded . She had been part of a defence line off the Norwegian coast . She then embarked on a pair of short journeys between Bergen , Larvik and Kristiansand . Her second foray , between Kristiansand and Bergen was uneventful . 3rd and 4th patrols . The submarine ' s third sortie took her into the Barents Sea , off Murmansk . Her fourth patrol started in Trondheim and finished in Bogenbrucht , ( west of Narvik ) . 5th patrol . She departed Bogenbrucht on 18 January 1945 and arrived at Trondheim on the 21st . 6th patrol and fate . The boat departed Trondheim on 24 January 1945 . Her route covered the North and Norwegian Seas . She docked in Kristiansand on 15 April . She was at sea for 84 days , her longest patrol . She surrendered at Kristiansand - sud on 9 May 1945 and in accordance with the terms , she was transferred to Loch Ryan in western Scotland for Operation " Deadlight " on the 29th . Having been towed out to the scuttling area by HMS " Obedient " , she was sunk without ceremony on 4 December .
12th Division ( German Empire ) The 12th Division ( " 12 . Division " ) was a unit of the Prussia n / German Army . It was formed in Neiße ( now Nysa , Poland ) on September 5 , 1818 . The division was subordinated in peacetime to the VI Army Corps ( " VI . Armeekorps " ) . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . The division was recruited primarily in the Province of Silesia , mainly in the region of Upper Silesia . Combat chronicle . The 12th Division fought in the Austro - Prussian War in 1866 , including the Battle of Königgrätz . In the Franco - Prussian War of 1870 - 71 , the division fought in several battles and engagements , including the Siege of Paris . In World War I , the division served initially on the Western Front . It spent most of this period in various parts of the trenches and suffered heavily in the 1916 Battle of the Somme . At the end of December 1916 , it was sent to the Eastern Front , where it did not participate in any major actions . The division returned to the Western Front in May – June 1917 . At the end of September 1917 , it was sent to the Italian Front , where it fought in the Battle of Caporetto . After returning to the Western Front , the division saw action in the German Spring Offensive of 1918 , including the Battle of the Lys , and the subsequent Allied counteroffensives , including the 1918 Battle of Cambrai . Order of battle in the Franco - Prussian War . During wartime , the 12th Division , like other regular German divisions , was redesignated an infantry division . The organization of the 12th Infantry Division in 1870 at the beginning of the Franco - Prussian War was as follows : Pre - World War I organization . German divisions underwent various organizational changes after the Franco - Prussian War . The organization of the 12th Division in 1914 , shortly before the outbreak of World War I , was as follows : Order of battle on mobilization . On mobilization in August 1914 at the beginning of World War I , most divisional cavalry , including brigade headquarters , was withdrawn to form cavalry divisions or split up among divisions as reconnaissance units . Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from their higher headquarters . The 12th Division was again renamed the 12th Infantry Division . Its initial wartime organization was as follows : Late World War I organization . Divisions underwent many changes during the war , with regiments moving from division to division , and some being destroyed and rebuilt . During the war , most divisions became triangular - one infantry brigade with three infantry regiments rather than two infantry brigades of two regiments ( a " square division " ) . An artillery commander replaced the artillery brigade headquarters , the cavalry was further reduced , the engineer contingent was increased , and a divisional signals command was created . The 12th Infantry Division ' s order of battle in 1918 was as follows :