naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS United States ( CVA - 58 ) USS " United States " ( CVA - 58 ) , the third ship of the United States Navy named for the nation , was to be the lead ship of a new design of aircraft carrier . On 29 July 1948 , President Harry Truman approved construction of five " supercarrier s " , for which funds had been provided in the Naval Appropriations Act of 1949 . The keel of the first of the five planned postwar carriers was laid down on 18 April 1949 at Newport News Drydock and Shipbuilding . However , the program was subsequently canceled , the " United States " was not completed , and the other four planned carriers were never built . Design . Early design discussions included debate on the aircraft carrier ' s mission . One view was that it could be built only for nuclear attack , against Soviet naval bases , using heavy bomber s with a small hangar deck for a limited fighter escort and a small magazine for a small number of heavy nuclear weapon s . Another plan was that it could be built with conventional attack capability with a large hangar deck for a large air wing and a large magazine . The nuclear attack supporters won in the initial design stage , but the design was modified to carry more fighters . The flush - deck " United States " was designed to launch and recover the 100 , 000 pound ( 45 t ) aircraft required to carry early - model nuclear weapons , which weighed as much as five tons . The ship would have no island ( command tower structure ) . It would be equipped with four aircraft elevators located at the deck edges , and four catapults , two at the bow with the outer ones at the deck edges staggered back . The carrier was designed for dual operations : landing at the rear of the ship and launching aircraft from the bow catapult s , as well as launching from the four catapults simultaneously . The construction cost of the new ship alone was estimated at US $ 189 million . Proposed operations . " United States " was also designed to provide air support for amphibious forces and to conduct sea control operations , but its primary mission was long - range nuclear bombardment . That mission was virtually certain to make the ship a target of inter - service rivalries over missions and funding . The United States Air Force viewed " United States " as a challenge to their monopoly on strategic nuclear weapon s delivery . Keel laid and cancellation . Swayed by limited funds and bitter opposition from the United States Army and Air Force , Secretary of Defense Louis A . Johnson announced on 23 April 1949 — five days after the ship ' s keel was laid down — the cancellation of construction of the " United States " . Secretary of the Navy John Sullivan immediately resigned , and the subsequent " Revolt of the Admirals " cost Admiral Louis Denfeld his position as Chief of Naval Operations — though atomic bomb s soon went to sea on the aircraft carrier USS " Franklin D . Roosevelt " in 1950 .
USS Chelan County ( LST - 542 ) USS " LST – 542 " was the lead ship of her class of tank landing ship s built for the United States Navy during World War II . She was later named USS " Chelan County " ( LST - 542 ) for the county in Washington , the only U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name . The " LST - 542 " - class was built with a water - distilling plant and heavier armament than the earlier , which slightly decreased their payload . " LST - 542 " was laid down on 29 November 1943 at Evansville , Indiana by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Company ; launched on 28 January 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Robert C . Dean ; and commissioned on 29 February 1944 . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 542 " was assigned to the European Theater and participated in the invasion of Normandy in June 1944 . Following the war , " LST - 542 " saw service as a part of the Amphibious Force , U . S . Atlantic Fleet . She was named " Chelan County " ( LST - 542 ) on 1 July 1955 . The ship was decommissioned in 1956 and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 November 1959 . " LST - 542 " earned one battle star for World War II service .
Second Sea Lord The Chief of Naval Personnel & Training and Second Sea Lord , commonly just known as the Second Sea Lord ( 2SL ) , is one of the most senior admiral s of the British Royal Navy ( after the First Sea Lord and the Fleet Commander [ until 2012 , the Commander - in - Chief Fleet ] ) , and is responsible for personnel and naval shore establishments . History . In 1805 , for the first time , specific functions were assigned to each of the ' Naval ' Lords , who were described as ' Professional ' Lords , leaving to the ' Civil ' Lords the routine business of signing documents . The Second Naval Lord was the second most senior Naval Lord on the Board of Admiralty and as Chief of Naval Personnel was responsible for handling all personnel matters for the Royal Navy . The post of Commander - in - Chief Naval Home Command was created on 1 July 1969 as a result of the merger of the posts of Commander - in - Chief , Portsmouth and Commander - in - Chief , Plymouth . The posts of Second Sea Lord and the Commander - in - Chief Naval Home Command ( CINCNAVHOME ) were amalgamated in 1994 following the rationalisation of the British Armed Forces following the end of the Cold War . 2SL is based in Portsmouth in a combined headquarters with the Fleet Commander on Whale Island . Until October 2012 he flew his flag in , the world ' s oldest commissioned warship , which is preserved in dry dock in Portsmouth . The right to use HMS " Victory " as a flagship came from his position as CINCNAVHOME , who in turn acquired it from the Commander - in - Chief , Portsmouth , but from October 2012 the First Sea Lord transferred his flag to " Victory " . Second Naval Lords , 1830 – 1904 . Second Naval Lords include : Second Sea Lords , 1904 – 1995 . Second Sea Lords include : Second Sea Lords and Commanders - in - Chief Naval Home Command since 1995 . Second Sea Lords and Commanders - in - Chief include :
118th General Hospital ( United States Army ) The 118th General Hospital was a U . S . Army military hospital built in 1942 at Herne Bay , New South Wales . This was the largest military hospital in Australia , during World War II . Known as the 118 General Hospital it was planned as a hospital centre of five hospitals consisting of 490 timber barracks - type buildings , which could house a total of 4 , 250 beds and accommodate up to 1 , 250 patients and 3 , 500 staff . The hospital was formed by doctors and nurses from the Johns Hopkins University Hospital in Baltimore , Maryland . The hospital staff arrived in Sydney during June 1942 and ran a 400 - bed hospital from August 1942 , with a section at the Hydro Majestic Hotel at Medlow Bath . Mrs Eleanor Roosevelt , wife of the US President Franklin D . Roosevelt , visited the 118 General Hospital on 8 September 1943 . The US Army vacated the hospital in 1945 and the Royal Navy occupied many of the buildings in January 1945 and the Australian Army used the remainder of the other buildings . After World War II the site passed to the New South Wales Housing Commission from March 1946 and the huts were used to ease the post - war housing shortage .
Abraham Andrews Barker Abraham Andrews Barker ( March 30 , 1816 – March 18 , 1898 ) served as a soldier during the American Civil War , and was a Republican member of the U . S . House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . Early life and career . Barker was born in Lovell , Maine . His parents were Stephen Barker and Betsey Andrews . Barker received a small education , up until he was sixteen . In 1842 , he married Orsina Little . Orsina was the granddaughter of Jonathan Clark and Moses Little . Barker engaged in agricultural pursuits and also in the shook business . He moved to Carrolltown , Pennsylvania , in 1854 and later to Ebensburg , Pennsylvania , where he continued the shook business . Barker also worked with Neal Dow in favor of the Maine law . Barker was an ardent prohibitionist . He also engaged in the mercantile business in 1858 and later in the lumber business . He became the president of the Ebensburg and Cresson Branch Railroad , until it was taken over by the Pennsylvania Railroad . Political Career and later life . Barker was a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention . He cast his vote for the nomination of Abraham Lincoln at the convention . During the American Civil War , he served in Company E , Fourth Regiment , Pennsylvania Emergency Troops . Barker was elected as a Republican to the Thirty - ninth Congress . He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1866 and for election as a Republican in 1872 . After leaving congress , Barker left the Republican Party to join to the Prohibition Party in 1876 . From 1878 to 1882 , Barker served as the president of the Pennsylvania Prohibition Party . He reengaged in the lumber and shook business until 1880 . Barker was also highly inlvolved in Freemasonry . In 1896 Barker was nominated to run for congress by the Prohibition Party . This was his final political race , and he lost . He died in Altoona , Pennsylvania , while on a visit for medical treatment in 1898 .
40th Virginia Infantry The 40th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia . Prior to the reorganization of the army after Chancellorsville , it was part of the first brigade of A . P . Hill ' s Light Division . Field officers were Colonel John M . Brockenbrough ; Lieutenant Colonels Fleet W . Cox , Arthur S . Cunningham , and Henry H . Walker ; and Majors Edward T . Stakes and William T . Taliaferro . Background . The 40th Virginia completed its organization in May 1861 . Its members were recruited in Northumberland , Richmond , and Lancaster counties . After serving in the Aquia District , the unit was assigned to General Field ' s , Heth ' s , and H . H . Walker ' s Brigade , Army of Northern Virginia . It participated in the campaigns of the army from the Seven Days ' Battles to Cold Harbor , then was involved in the Petersburg siege north of the James River and the Appomattox Campaign . Battles . It sustained 180 casualties during the Seven Days ' Battles which was about half its effective force . The unit lost 4 wounded at Cedar Mountain , had 14 killed and 73 wounded at Chancellorsville , and of the 253 engaged at Gettysburg more than twenty percent were disabled . Many were captured at Sayler ' s Creek and only 7 men were included in the surrender on April 9 , 1865 . A captain in Company I , while in a Union prison , recorded an additional stanza to the popular Confederate soldier song , Goober Peas .
SITAR GY - 110 Sher Khan The SITAR GY - 110 Sher Khan was a light aircraft designed in France in the late 1960s as a larger and more powerful version of designer Yves Gardan ' s Bagheera . Like the Bagheera , it was to be conventional low - wing , cantilever monoplane with a fully enclosed cabin . However , although the Bagheera had seating for up to four people in 2 + 2 configuration , the Sher Khan was to have a stretched fuselage with full seating for four people . The wings were also to be enlarged in span , and unlike the Bagheera , whose tricycle undercarriage was fixed , the Sher Khan ' s was to be retractable . Power was to be supplied by engines in the 150 - kW to 240 - kW ( 200 - hp to 300 - hp ) range .
Battle of Hodów The Battle of Hodów was a battle between the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth and Crimean Khanate forces , fought in June 1694 in Red Ruthenia , near the Hodów village . Prelude . In June 1694 Tatars invaded Polish territory with aim to loot and capture prisoners for ransom . Polish forces sent to stop them consisted of 7 chorągwie of hussars and pancerni from Okopy Świętej Trójcy and Szaniec Panny Marii strongholds , approximately four hundred men total . Tatar numbers were estimated at twenty - five to seventy thousand , with forty thousand being the most commonly quoted figure . Battle . The first encounter took place on the fields near Hodów . Polish cavalry charged 700 Tatar cavalryman vanguard and made them withdraw . Shortly afterwards Polish forces retreated to Hodów village due to overwhelming enemy numbers , and proceeded to fortify themselves using heavy wooden fences left there from earlier Tatar invasions . For the next 6 hours Polish troops resisted relentless Tatar attacks . Even after the Polish ran out of bullets , they continued to fire at the enemy , using Tatar arrows as improvised ammunition for their guns . Aftermath . Unable to defeat the Poles , Tatars sent Polish - speaking Lipka Tatars to convince Polish troops to surrender . When Polish commander refused , Tatars withdrew to Kamieniec Podolski and gave up on the entire invasion , having gained nearly nothing despite large troop numbers . Notes . King John III Sobieski made use of this outstanding victory to raise army morale : he paid generous compensation to those who lost their horses , financed treatment of wounded and rewarded those who captured enemy troops . He also commissioned a statue commemorating the battle .
Peter Rodman Peter Warren Rodman ( November 24 , 1943 – August 2 , 2008 ) was a lawyer , government official and foreign policy expert . Born in Boston , he was educated at The Roxbury Latin School , and later at Harvard College ( A . B . summa cum laude ) , Oxford University ( B . A . , M . A . ) , and Harvard Law School ( J . D . ) . In March 2007 he left his position as United States Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs to become a Senior Fellow at Brookings Institution . He was the author of " More Precious Than Peace " , a book on the Cold War in the Third World in which he praises the Reagan administration for warding off communism in places like Afghanistan , Angola and Cambodia . He was one of the signers of the January 26 , 1998 , Project for the New American Century letter sent to the U . S . President Bill Clinton . He worked extensively with Henry Kissinger , former Secretary of State , amongst other things helping him write his memoirs . He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Freedom House , Vice President and member of the Board of Directors of the World Affairs Council of Washington , DC , and a Fellow of the Foreign Policy Institute of SAIS . He died from complications of leukemia .
USS Corry ( DD - 334 ) The first USS " Corry " ( DD - 334 ) was a " Clemson " - class destroyer in the United States Navy following World War I . She was named for Medal of Honor recipient LCDR William M . Corry , Jr . . History . " Corry " was launched on 28 March 1921 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , San Francisco , California ; sponsored by Mrs . S . W . Corry ; commissioned on 25 May 1921 , Lieutenant Commander K . E . Hintze in command ; and reported to the Pacific Fleet . " Corry " cruised on the west coast on a varied operating schedule . She joined in fleet maneuvers , cruises from Alaska to the Caribbean , development and tests of sonic depth finders , antiaircraft gunnery , aircraft rescue and plane guard rehearsals . In July 1923 she joined to serve as escort for President Warren G . Harding embarked in for a cruise to Alaskan and Canadian waters ( during which President Harding came down with his last illness ) . She rejoined her division to participate in the American Legion convention at San Francisco in October 1923 . On 8 – 9 September 1924 , she embarked Secretary of the Navy Curtis D . Wilbur for a visit to Mare Island Navy Yard . From 28 August to 9 September 1925 she served as station ship during nonstop airplane flight from Hawaii to San Francisco . In December 1929 " Corry " entered the San Diego Destroyer Base to prepare for decommissioning . She was towed to Mare Island Navy Yard and decommissioned 24 April 1930 . She was stripped and sold for salvage 18 October 1930 in accordance with the terms of the London Treaty for the limitation of naval armament . After being partially dismantled at the Mare Island Navy Yard , ex - USS " Corry ' s " remains , consisting of most of her hull and a small portion of her superstructure , were sold . Taken a short distance up the Napa River , about a mile from Mare Island , she was later abandoned where she lay
Josiah Mushore Chinamano Josiah Mushore Chinamano ( died 1984 ) fought in the Rhodesian Bush War on behalf of the Zimbabwe African People ' s Union . He later served as the Minister of Transport . Chinamano was second - in - command to Joshua Nkomo , and shared many of the same ideological and political beliefs . The two , along with Chinamano ' s wife Ruth and Joseph Msika , another leadership figure in the struggle , were detained by the Smith administration in 1964 . Their influential role at the forefront of the movement proved threatening to the Rhodesian government . The four leaders spent several years in Gonakudzingwa Restriction Camp , separated from their young families . Political pressure on the Smith administration resulted in their release . Chinamano resumed his statesman duties . Chinamano died in 1984 and was laid to rest at the National Heroes Acre in Harare . He was survived by two sons , a daughter and three grandchildren .
Jay Johnson Morrow Jay Johnson Morrow February 20 , 1870 – April 16 , 1937 was Governor of the Panama Canal Zone from 1921 to 1924 . He was the brother of U . S . Senator Dwight Morrow and the uncle of Anne Morrow Lindbergh . He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1891 . He was then commissioned in the U . S . Army Corps of Engineers . He served as military governor of the Philippine Province of Zamboanga from 1901 – 02 . He served as Engineering Commissioner in the District of Columbia from 1907 to 1909 . During World War I , served as Chief Engineer of the First American Army . He was Governor of the Panama Canal Zone from 1921 to 1924 . He died in 1937 . His ashes were scattered over the Chagres River , which feeds into the Panama Canal .
Gerhart Schirmer Gerhart Schrimer ( 9 January 1913 – 5 September 2004 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Fallschirmjäger during World War II and an Oberst in the Bundeswehr . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Gerhart Schrimer was captured by British troops in 1945 and then handed over to Soviet troops . He was held until 1956 ; later that year he joined the Bundeswehr and served until retirement in 1971 .
Treaty of Casalanza The Treaty of Casalanza , which ended the Neapolitan War , was signed on 20 May 1815 between the pro - Napoleon Kingdom of Naples on the one hand and the Austrian Empire , as well as the United Kingdom , on the other . Following the decisive defeat at the Battle of Tolentino and the Battle of San Germano , the Napoleonic King of Naples , Joachim Murat , had fled to Corsica and General Michele Carascosa , who was now the head of the Neapolitan army following Murat ' s flight , sued for peace . The treaty was signed by Pietro Colletta ( who was acting as plenipotentiary to Michele Carascosa ) , Adam Albert von Neipperg ( who was acting as plenipotentiary to the commander - in - chief of the Austrian forces , Frederick Bianchi ) , and Lord Burghersh ( the English minister plenipotentiary in Florence ) . The terms of the treaty were quite lenient on the defeated Neapolitans . All the Neapolitan generals were allowed to keep their rank and the borders of the Kingdom of Naples remained unchanged . The treaty merely called for the return of the pre - Napoleonic King Ferdinand IV of Naples and Sicily to the Neapolitan throne , the return of all prisoners of war and for all the Neapolitan garrisons to lay down their arms , with the exception of Ancona , Pescara and Gaeta . These three cities were all being blockaded by an Anglo - Austrian fleet and were out of General Carascosa ' s control . These three garrisons eventually surrendered , although the Siege of Gaeta would last till August , long after Napoleon ' s defeat at the Battle of Waterloo .
Commanding ground In fortification , a commanding ground is an area that overlooks any post , or strong place . Of this there were three sorts : first , a " front commanding ground " , which is a height opposite to the face of the post , which plays upon its front ; second , a " reverse commanding ground " , which is an eminence that can play upon the back of any place or post ; and third , an " enfilade commanding ground " , or " curtain commanding ground " , which is a high place , that can with its shot scour all the length of a straight line .
778th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron The 778th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force squadron activated after 11 September 2001 , being engaged in the Global War on Terrorism . Its current status is undetermined . Previously , the squadron was a Tactical Air Command Tactical Airlift squadron , assigned to the 464th Tactical Airlift Wing , stationed at Pope Air Force Base , North Carolina . It was inactivated on 31 August 1971 . During World War II , the 778th Bombardment Squadron was a B - 24 Liberator heavy bomb squadron which saw combat with Fifteenth Air Force stationed in Italy , assigned to the 464th Bombardment Group . History . Established as a B - 24 Liberator heavy bomber squadron in mid - 1943 , trained under Second Air Force . Deployed to Mediterranean Theater of Operations ( MTO ) , October 1943 , becoming a Fifteenth Air Force heavy bomb squadron , attacking enemy targets both in the MTO and European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) . After end of war in Europe , used B - 24s for transport of personnel from various points in Europe to Waller Field , Trinidad , being attached to Air Transport Command . Inactivated 31 July 1945 . Reactivated as a Tactical Air Command theater transport squadron , 1953 . Performed Troop Carrier missions using tactical transport aircraft until 1971 when inactivated . Activated as a C - 130 Hercules airlift squadron as part of the Global War on Terrorism after 9 September 2001 .
2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich The 2nd SS Division Das Reich was one of thirty - eight divisions of the SS during World War II . For the invasion of Poland , three regiments of the SS ( " Deutschland , " " Der Fuhrer " , and " Germania " ) were grouped in one division , the SS - Verfügungstruppe ( " Troops of special purpose " ) . After Poland , a regiment ( " Germania " ) was sent to form another division ( 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking ) , and a third regiment was created ( SS Regiment 11 ) , later becoming the second division of the SS Reich . In November 1942 , the division became a Panzergrenadier division , having changed its name to 2 . SS - Panzergrenadier - Division Das Reich . In 1943 , the division was reorganized as a Panzer division adding 2 . SS Panzer Regiment , forming , so the Panzer - 2 . SS - Division " Das Reich " . The remnants of the division surrendered to the Allies in May 1945 . The symbol for the Das Reich division was the wolf ' s hook , or Wolfsangel . As a whole , the Waffen - SS was found guilty of war crimes in the Nuremberg tribunal , with Das Reich itself being notorious for the Oradour - sur - Glane massacre .