naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Charles Henry Lyell The Hon . Charles Henry Lyell ( 18 May 1875 – 18 October 1918 ) was a British politician and Liberal Member of Parliament who died in the First World War . Biography . Lyell was born in 1875 , the only son of Leonard Lyell , and was educated at Eton and New College , Oxford . He married Rosalind Watney in 1911 , and had one son , Charles Anthony Lyell and one daughter . Lyell was elected to represent UK Parliament constituency in a 1904 by - election , and was appointed as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Sir Edward Grey , the Foreign Secretary , in 1906 . He was re - elected at the 1906 general election , but failed to win election in the January 1910 general election , where he contested UK Parliament constituency . He was elected for UK Parliament constituency at a by - election in April , and won re - election in the December general election . He was appointed as the Parliamentary Private Secretary to H . H . Asquith , the Prime Minister , in February 1911 , and stood down from the seat in May 1917 . Lyell was commissioned as a lieutenant in the Forfar and Kincardine Artillery Militia in 1900 , and served until 1908 when the Militia was dissolved under the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 . He then served as the Vice - Chairman of the County Territorial Association for Forfarshire . On the outbreak of the First World War , he was gazetted a captain in the Fife Royal Garrison Artillery , and in May 1915 made a major in the Highland Battery of the Fife RGA . Charles Henry Lyell died on 18 October 1918 of pneumonia while serving as Assistant Military Attaché to the USA , and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery .
Stearne Tighe Edwards Stearne Tighe Edwards DSC & Bar ( 13 February 1893 - 22 November 1918 ) was a Canadian First World War flying ace , officially credited with 17 victories . He was seriously injured in a crash the day after Armistice Day , and died from his injuries 10 days later . Text of citations . Distinguished Service Cross . " Act . Flt Cdr . Stearne Tighe Edwards , R . N . A . S . In recognition of his services on the following occasions : — On the 3rd September , 1917 , with his flight he attacked a two - seater Aviatik . The enemy machine was observed to go down in a vertical nose dive , and the enemy observer was seen to collapse in tne cockpit . On the 21st September , 1917 , he drove a two - seater enemy machine down out of control . On the 23rd September , 1917 , he attacked an Albatross scout , which crashed into the sea . On the same date he attacked three Albatross scouts . One got on the tail of another officer ' s machine at very close range , shooting him up very badly . Flt . Cdr . Edwards attacked him from above , and the enemy machine turned on its back and went down in a vertical dive . He followed the enemy machine down to 8 , 000 feet , when its wings came off , and it fell to the ground . " Distinguished Service Cross - Bar . " Lieut . ( tempy . Capt . ) Stearne Tighe Edwards , D . S . C . , R . A . F . For conspicuous bravery and most brilliant leadership of fighting patrols against enemy aircraft . On 2 May 1918 , whilst leading a patrol of four scouts , he encountered a hostile formation of eight enemy scouts and drove down one enemy machine completely out of control . Soon afterwards , he engaged another formation of six enemy scouts , driving down one to its destruction whilst his patrol accounted for another . He only broke off the fight owing to lack of ammunition . He has destroyed or driven down out of control many enemy machines since he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross , and has at all times shown the greatest gallantry and a fine offensive spirit . "
Terry Casey Warrant Officer Class 1 Terrence ' Terry ' Casey , MBE is a member of the Royal Navy . He is the first person to hold the appointment of Warrant Officer of the Naval Service and is therefore the most senior rating of the Royal Navy . Military career . Casey joined the Royal Navy in 1981 . During his time in the Navy he has served on four warships . He has also served ashore at a number of shore establishments including HMS " Raleigh " and others in the Plymouth and Portsmouth areas . He has been posted abroad to Kosovo , Portugal and the USA . In July 2010 , he was appointed Warrant Officer of the Naval Service . In that role he attends all Navy Board meetings as an observer . Personal life . Casey is married to Susan . The have a daughter Aimee Casey who joined the Royal Navy in 2012 . Honours and decorations . In the 2013 Queen ' s Birthday Honours , Casey was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) . He is a recipient of the Long Service and Good Conduct Medal with clasp in recognition of 30 years service in the Royal Navy .
Reg Balch Dr . Reginald Ernest Balch ( December 29 , 1894 – 1994 ) was a Canadian photographer and scientist . Biography . He was born in Sevenoaks , England , the son of the Rev . Alfred Earnest Balch and Sarah Hawkes . He was educated at Bedford Grammar School and Kingswood School . Balch received a University scholarship but waived it to be a farmer . He arrived in Canada in 1913 , departing from Liverpool and disembarking ten days later at Saint John . He took a train to Ontario but found little work there . In 1914 , he was hired by the Ontario Reformatory and later , with the outbreak of World War I , enlisted , serving three years in France with the Canadian Field Artillery . After World War I , his interest in forest biology led him to enroll in the Ontario Agricultural College . He graduated in 1923 with a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture degree . Afterwards , he took a summer job as a fire ranger and assisted an American forest entomologist . This led to his receiving an MS degree at Syracuse University ' s New York State College of Forestry in 1928 . In 1930 he was appointed Officer - in - Charge of the Dominion Entomological Laboratory , a federal government facility on the University of New Brunswick campus in Fredericton , New Brunswick . He settled in Fredericton with his wife , Martha . His five half - hour radio lectures for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation ' s " University of the Air " series in the spring of 1965 were essential in introducing the word " ecology " to the public . He later served as the honorary president for the Conservation Council of New Brunswick , one of the first modern Canadian environmental groups ( established in 1969 ) . He travelled and photographed in Europe , especially Ireland . His photos illustrated a book of Alden Nowlan ' s poems , " Early Poems " .
Friedrich Höhne Friedrich Höhne ( 27 April 1915 – 14 March 1962 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Sikelgaita Sikelgaita ( also " Sichelgaita " or " Sigelgaita " ) ( 1040 – 16 April 1090 ) was a Lombard princess , the daughter of Guaimar IV , Prince of Salerno , and second wife of Robert Guiscard , Duke of Apulia . She married Robert in 1058 , after Robert divorced his first wife Alberada , due to supposed consanguinity . Her sister Gaitelgrima had earlier married Robert ' s half - brother Drogo . The divorce from Alberada and the marriage of Sikelgaita were probably part of a strategy of alliance with the remaining Lombard princes , of whom Guaimar was chief . Alberada , for her part , appears to have had no qualms about dissolving her marriage . Sikelgaita tried to mediate between her brother Gisulf II of Salerno and husband when their relations went sour , but her pleas went unheeded and she accepted her brother ' s lot in the war with Guiscard ( 1078 ) . Sikelgaita frequently accompanied Robert on his conquests . Although at first she tried to persuade him not to attack the Byzantine Empire , she accompanied him on his campaign against them nevertheless . At the Battle of Dyrrhachium in 1081 she fought in full armour , rallying Robert ' s troops when they were initially repulsed by the Byzantine army . According to the Byzantine chronicler Anna Comnena , she was " like another Pallas , if not a second Athena , " and , in the " Alexiad " , Anna attributes to her a quote from the " Iliad " . In 1083 , Sikelgaita returned to Italy with Robert to defend Pope Gregory VII against the Emperor Henry IV . She accompanied him on a second campaign against the Byzantines , during which Robert died on Kefalonia in 1085 with Sikelgaita at his side . Early in 1086 , Sikelgaita was in Salerno making a donation of the town of Centraro in his honour to Montecassino , which the couple had endowed well throughout their married life . Sikelgaita donated a large amount of silver for her health while she was ill on another occasion . Supposedly , she tried to poison Robert ' s son Bohemond by his first wife , although the two eventually came to an agreement by which her son Roger Borsa was allowed to succeed Robert in the duchy . With her son she put the Jews of Bari under that city ' s archbishop . On her death , she was , at her own request , buried in Montecassino . Children . With Robert , Sikelgaita had eight children :
French ship Mercure ( 1783 ) The Mercure was a 74 - gun " Séduisant " - class ship of the line of the French Navy . She took part in the Battle of the Nile under Captain Cambon . She fought against HMS " Majestic " and was captured by HMS " Alexander " . Damaged beyond repair and aground , she was burnt .
Trench raiding Trench raiding was a feature of trench warfare which developed during World War I . It was the practice of making small scale surprise attacks on enemy position . Raids were made by both sides in the conflict and always took place at night for reasons of stealth . Any attempt to raid a trench during daylight hours would have been pointless because it would have been quickly spotted : enemy machine gun ners and sniper s had a clear view of no man ' s land and could easily shoot anyone who showed their head above the trench parapet . Typically , raids were carried out at night by small teams of men who would black up their faces with burnt cork before crossing the barbed wire and other debris of no man ' s land to infiltrate enemy trench systems . The distance between friendly and enemy front lines varied , but was generally several hundred metres . Despite the fact that World War I was the first conflict to be fought by mechanized means , trench raiding was very similar to medieval warfare insofar as it was fought face - to - face with crude weaponry . Trench raiders were lightly equipped for stealthy , unimpeded movement . Typically , raiding parties were armed with deadly homemade trench raiding club s , bayonet s , entrenching tool s , trench knives , hatchet s , pickaxe handles and brass knuckles . The choice of weaponry was deliberate : the raiders ' intention was to kill or capture people quietly , without drawing attention to their activities . Clearly , this would have been impossible if they had routinely used firearms during raids . Trench raiders were also armed with more modern weapons such as pistol s and hand grenade s , though these were only intended to be used in an emergency i . e . if the enemy discovered their activities and raised the alarm . Standard practice was to creep slowly up on the sentries guarding a small sector of an enemy front line trench ( looking for the glow of cigarettes in the dark or listening for conversations ) then kill them as quietly as possible . Having secured the trench the raiders would complete their mission objectives as quickly as possible , ideally within several minutes . Raiders were aware that the longer they stayed in the trench , the greater the likelihood of enemy reinforcements arriving . Grenades would be thrown into dugouts where enemy troops were sleeping before the raiders left the enemy lines to return to their own . Trench raiding had multiple purposes . Typically , the intention would be one or more of the following : There was always a risk that returning raiders could be shot in so - called friendly fire incidents . Therefore , it was standard procedure to notify sentries along the line whenever raiding parties were sent out , and to use some form of password system so that returning raiders could identify themselves when challenged in the dark .
Daniel White ( general ) Daniel White ( 1833 – 1895 ) was a Union general in the American Civil War from the state of Maine . Born in Winterport , Maine , a suburb of Bangor , White ' s father was a sea captain . In 1855 he spent a year mining for gold in California , returning to start a manufacturing venture in Bangor . With the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861 , White raised and commanded a company for the 2nd Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment , the first to march out of the state . When the regiment was mustered out of service in 1863 , White returned to the front with the 31st Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment , and was promoted to Colonel the following year . During the Battle of the Crater in the Richmond - Petersburg Campaign , White was captured by Confederate forces , held as a prisoner of war for seven months , but eventually repatriated in a prisoner exchange . In 1865 he was breveted Brigadier General of Volunteers . After the war White ran a soap manufactory in Bangor , and remained an active veteran and member of the Grand Army of the Republic . He died in Boston in 1895 , and is buried at Mount Hope Cemetery , Bangor References . " History of Penobscot County , Maine " ( Cleveland , 1882 ) , p . 790
Bodo Otto Dr . Bodo Otto ( 1711 – 1787 ) was a Senior Surgeon of the Continental Army during the American Revolution . He was one of the early settlers of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , emigrating from Germany in 1755 . During the Revolution the Second Continental Congress appointed Otto to establish a military hospital in Trenton , New Jersey for the treatment of smallpox . He was present during the Battle of Long Island in 1776 . He was also assigned to the Continental hospital at Valley Forge and located in the Uwchlan Meetinghouse . Later during the Revolution , Otto was put in charge of the hospitals in Yellow Springs ( in what is now Chester Springs , Pennsylvania ) , where the ill soldiers from Valley Forge were treated . His three sons were also physicians for the Army , and assisted him as Junior Surgeon and Surgeon Mates . Otto did not retire from his Army service until the age of 70 . Prior to the Revolution Otto publicly opposed the Stamp Act and also served on the Berks County Committee of Public Safety . Some of his medical training he received at the University of Göttingen . Bodo used Trinity Lutheran Church in Reading as a hospital to treat wounded soldiers from the Battle at Brandywine . Otto died in 1787 and was buried in Reading , Pennsylvania at the Trinity Lutheran Church ( where he was a member ) Cemetery . Many of his surgical instruments as well as a portrait of him and his wife are in the collection of the Historical Society of Berks County in Reading , PA .
18th Mounted Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 18th Mounted Brigade previously known as the 2 / 1st Yorkshire Mounted Brigade was a second line yeomanry brigade of the British Army during the First World War . Raised after the declaration of war , it was a mirror formation of the first line Yorkshire Mounted Brigade . It had under command the 2 / 1st Yorkshire Hussars , the 2 / 1st Queen ' s Own Yorkshire Dragoons , and the 2 / 1st East Riding of Yorkshire Yeomanry . All of which were converted in cyclist units in 1916 , the brigade , never having seen any active service , ceased to exist .
USS Henry Andrew ( 1847 ) USS " Henry Andrew " ( 1847 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries . " Henry Andrew " was originally built in 1847 at New York City as a sailing brig , and converted to steam in 1859 . She was purchased from her owner , Mr . Van Santvoord , at New York on 10 September 1861 . Her first commanding officer was Acting Master S . W . Mather . Assigned to the South Atlantic Blockade . Assigned to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron , " Henry Andrew " arrived on her blockading station in November 1861 . She reconnoitered the Vernon River on 11 December , and on 20 December was sent to blockade the entrance to Wassaw Sound . Being of light draft , " Henry Andrew " was especially valuable in stopping blockade runner s and gaining intelligence in the shallow rivers and sounds of the coast . She participated on 17 January - 18 February 1862 in an expedition up Wright ' s and Mud River s for the purpose of finding a channel into the Savannah River , encountering no Confederate opposition except a small battery near Red Bluff . " Henry Andrew " was reassigned to Fernandina , Florida on 18 March , and took up duties off Fernandina and Mosquito Inlet . Boats from the steamer and entered Mosquito Inlet on a reconnaissance on 21 March and next day were fired upon by batteries and musketry , killing the captains of both " Henry Andrew " and " Penguin " . Subsequently , the ship was active in the blockade off Mosquito Inlet , Stono River , and other points on the coast until sent to Winyah Bay , South Carolina , where she arrived on 21 June . Participating in the expedition up the Santee River . An expedition up the Santee River was organized in late June , and " Henry Andrew " was designated to accompany it . The ships entered the river on 24 June , reconnoitered the area , and were fired on by shore batteries on the shore . Returning on 3 July , " Henry Andrew " resumed blockading duties off Stono River until ordered to New York in August for extensive repairs . Returning to New York , " Henry Andrew " is lost in heavy weather . While steaming north , " Henry Andrew " encountered heavy weather off Cape Hatteras . She was battered about badly and went ashore south of Cape Henry , Virginia on 24 August 1862 . No lives were lost but the ship was a total wreck and was not salvaged .
Józef Kowalski Józef Kowalski ( born 2 February 1900 ) is a Polish supercentenarian and the only living veteran of the 1919 – 1921 Polish - Soviet War . Kowalski served in the 22nd Uhlan Regiment of the Polish Army . He took part in the September Campaign in World War II , and was later held in a concentration camp . On his 110th birthday , he was awarded the Officer ' s Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta for his war service by President Lech Kaczyński , of Poland . He lives in Tursk , near Sulęcin , in a care home . On 23 February 2012 Kowalski was promoted to the rank of " kapitan " , and on 16 August 2012 he was nominated to become an honorary citizen of the city of Wołomin , having already become an honorary citizen of both Warsaw and Radzymin .
Baoding Military Academy Baoding Military Academy ( ) was a military academy based in Baoding , China , in the first two decades of the 20th century . For a time , it was the most important military academy in China , and its cadets played prominent roles in the political and military history of the Republic of China . The Baoding Military Academy closed in 1923 , but served as a model for the Whampoa Military Academy , which was founded in Guangzhou in 1924 . During the Second Sino - Japanese War , half of 300 divisions in China ' s armed forces were commanded by Whampoa graduates and one - third were Baoding cadets . History . In 1902 , Yuan Shikai , the Viceroy of Zhili Province and the Minister of Beiyang , founded an officer academy in Baoding , the capital of Zhili . Baoding was the headquarters for his New Army , which until 1901 was based in Xiaozhan , near Tianjin . The Boxer Protocol required the Qing government to demilitarize Tianjin and the New Army was relocated to Baoding . From 1902 to 1912 , the officer academy in Baoding took on a number of different names , including the Beiyang Army Expedited Martial Studies Academy . The academy trained officers for the New Army , which was a significant factor in Yuan Shikai ' s rise to power at the end of the Qing dynasty and the pivotal role he played in the Xinhai Revolution . In 1912 , after Yuan became the provisional president of the Republic of China , the academy was briefly moved to Beijing and became the Army Academy . In October 1912 , the academy was relocated back to Baoding and formally became the Baoding Military Academy . Prominent Graduates . Generalisso Chiang Kai - shek , who would later become president of the Republic of China , attended the academy in 1906 as a cadet in the overseas study preparatory class , prior to studying abroad in Japan . Prominent graduates of the 3rd class in 1916 include Bai Chongxi , Cai Tingkai , Huang Shaohong , Zhang Zhizhong and Xia Wei . Memorial . In 1993 , a memorial and museum was built on the site of the academy in Baoding to commemorate the academy and the 11 , 000 cadets who studied there . In 2006 , the memorial became a national - level historical site .
Military of Mauritius Mauritius does not have a standing army . All military , police , and security functions are carried out by 10 , 000 active - duty personnel under the command of the Commissioner of Police . The 8 , 000 - member National Police Force is responsible for domestic law enforcement . The 1 , 500 - member Special Mobile Force ( SMF ) and the 500 - member National Coast Guard are the only two paramilitary units in Mauritius . Both units are composed of police officers on lengthy rotations to those services . The SMF is organized as a ground infantry unit , with six rifle companies , two mobilisable paramilitary companies , and one engineer company , according to the IISS Military Balance 2007 . It engages extensively in civic works projects . The Coast Guard has four patrol craft for search - and - rescue missions and surveillance of territorial waters . A 100 - member police helicopter squadron assists in search - and - rescue operations . There also is a special supporting unit of 270 members trained in riot control . Military advisers from the United Kingdom and India work with the SMF , the Coast Guard , and the Police Helicopter Unit , and Mauritian police officers are trained in the United Kingdom , India , and France . The United States provides training to Mauritian Coast Guard officers in such fields as seamanship and maritime law enforcement . Military branches : National Police Force ( includes the paramilitary Special Mobile Force or SMF , and National Coast Guard ) Military manpower - availability : < br > " males age 15 - 49 : " 340 , 050 ( 2002 est . ) Military manpower - fit for military service : < br > " males age 15 - 49 : " 171 , 239 ( 2002 est . ) Military expenditures - dollar figure : $ 9 . 1 million ( FY01 ) Military expenditures - percent of GDP : 0 . 2 % ( FY01 )
German Type UC II submarine Type UC II minelaying submarines were used by the Imperial German Navy during World War I . They displaced 417 tons , carried guns , 7 torpedoes and up to 18 mines . The ships were double - hulled with improved range and seakeeping compared to the UC I type . If judged only by the numbers of enemy vessels destroyed , the UC II is the most successful submarine design in history : According to modern estimates , they sank more than 1800 enemy vessels . List of Type UC II submarines . There were 64 Type UC II submarines commissioned into the Imperial German Navy .
Russian submarine Minoga The Minoga ( " Минога - Lamprey " ) was a submarine built for the Imperial Russian Navy . She was built by Baltic Yard in St Petersburg and designed by I . G . Bubnov . She was a single hulled boat with a 16 fathom ( 30 metres ) diving depth . While an advance on previous boats the single shaft design was not very maneuverable and the diesel engines were not reliable . Served in the Baltic Fleet during World War I but transferred to the Caspian Sea Flotilla in 1918 . Decommissioned and scrapped in 1922