naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Manresa ( 1810 ) The Battle of Manresa and Battle of Vilafranca from 21 March to 5 April 1810 saw a Spanish division led by Juan Caro and Luis González Torres de Navarra , Marquess of Campoverde attack an Imperial French brigade commanded by François Xavier de Schwarz . Caro ' s division first surprised the town of Vilafranca del Penedès in March and captured its 800 - man garrison made up of troops from the Confederation of the Rhine . Vilafranca is located west of Barcelona . The Spanish troops remained at large and fell upon the town of Manresa at the beginning of April . After several days of sparring they drove Schwarz and his German soldiers out of the town with heavy losses . Caro was wounded on 2 April and was replaced by Campoverde . The Spanish force included 2 , 000 regulars , 2 , 300 local miquelets ( Catalan Militia ) , and Francesc Rovira i Sala ' s band of 3 , 000 miquelets . This minor disaster caused Marshal Pierre Augereau to call off Imperial troops which were threatening Tarragona . Schwarz ' s brigade belonged to Marie François Rouyer ' s division while Caro ' s division was part of Henry O ' Donnell ' s Army of Catalonia . Manresa is located northwest of Barcelona . The actions occurred during the Peninsular War , part of the Napoleonic Wars .
Witalis Wieder Witalis Wieder was a leader of the Goralenvolk during World War II . As a Reichsdeutsch er , he acted as a collaborator for the Nazi occupiers even though he had been an officer in the Polish army . At the end of the war , he escaped to Germany .
Erik Saar A United States Army enlisted intelligence soldier , Sgt . Erik R . Saar was the author of the 2005 " Inside the Wire : A Military Intelligence Soldier ' s Eyewitness Account of Life at Guantanamo " , together with Viveca Novak . He had worked as an Arabic translator for six months from December 2002 to June 2003 at the Guantanamo Bay detainment camps which he later described as a " dysfunctional facility where prisoner abuse was all but inevitable " .
Barnes Castle Barnes Castle is an unfinished castle , with a number of defensive banks , on the slope of the Garleton Hills , located north - east of Haddington and close to Athelstaneford in East Lothian , Scotland . The remains , also known as Barney Vaults , are protected as a category B listed building . The castle was started by Sir John Seton of Barnes , diplomat at the court of Philip II of Spain and later James VI ' s Treasurer of the Household and an Extraordinary Lord of Session , who died in 1594 . The entrance gate was in the centre of the south - west wall . For its time it was of a modern and symmetrical design .
5th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 5th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment of the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment , organized in May 1861 , was mustered in at Portland , Maine on 24 June 1861 for three years ' service . 193 original members were mustered out on 27 July 1864 , while the reenlisted veterans and later recruits were transferred first into a battalion with the remaining members of the 6th Maine Infantry , and afterward was combined with those of the 7th Maine Infantry to form the 1st Maine Veteran Volunteer Infantry Regiment . Casualties . 107 men were killed in action or died of wounds , while another 77 died of disease . Another reference only has 137 men dying or being killed in battle ( though same volume , in appendix , also claims 143 for casualty count )
XI Corps ( Pakistan ) The XI Corps is an active administrative corp of Pakistan Army . The XI Corps is the only one corps that is assigned in the North - West Frontier Province ( NWFP ) . It is currently stationed in Peshawar , Khyber - Pakhtaunkhuwa . The Corps was established and quickly raised in 1975 to support administrative military operational units in the NWFP and Northern Areas . The corps is internationally distinguished for its involvement in Soviet war in Afghanistan . Afghan War . It was the start of the Afghan War , which brought the Corps to prominence in 1979 . It was given three infantry divisions , and was given the responsibility of covering the Khyber Pass , one of the two approaches by which the Soviets could attack into Pakistan ( the other was the Bolan Pass , guarded by the XII Corps ) . For more than a decade it held the line against Soviet expansionism . Kargil War . The end of the Cold War brought effected the Corp immesly . No longer facing a threat on its Western flank , the army moved division , brigades and units away from the division , and its orienatation was changed from a defence of the Afghan border , to being a reserve in Kashmir . The 1999 Kargil War saw the corps enter action for the first time and it fought mainly in the Gultari sector of the war , where one of its members , Captain Kernel Sher Khan would win the Nishan - e - Haider , the Highest Pakistani Gallantry Award . War on Terror . After September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001 and the subsequent invasion of Afghanistan , the XI Corps became the main Pakistani formation involved in fighting in Waziristan and the North West Frontier in general . It has been reinforced and also commands substantial forces of paramilitary Frontier Corps . Composition . The order of battles of the corps keeps changing , especially in view of its current commitment in the War on terror . During peacetime the XI corps is based in the following areas :
United States declaration of war upon Italy On December 11 , 1941 the United States Congress passed the Joint Resolution Declaring That a State of War Exists Between The Government of Italy and the Government and the People of the United States and Making Provisions to Prosecute the Same , thereby declaring war against Italy . It also declared war upon Germany that same day . Text of the declaration . Whereas the Government of Italy has formally declared war against the Government and the people of the United States of America . Therefore be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled , That the state of war between the United States and the Government of Italy which has thus been thrust upon the United States is hereby formally declared ; and the President is hereby authorized and directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the Government of Italy ; and , to bring the conflict to a successful termination , all of the resources of the country are hereby pledged by the Congress of the United States .
Battle of Issus ( 194 ) The Battle of Issus was the third major battle , in 194 between the forces of Emperor Septimius Severus and his rival , Pescennius Niger , part of the Year of the Five Emperors . Background . Pescennius Niger was the Roman governor of Syria who had been acclaimed Emperor by his troops , like Severus , following the death of Pertinax . Following its successive defeats at Cyzicus and Battle of Nicaea in 193 , Niger ' s army successfully withdrew to the Taurus mountains , where it fiercely defended the Cilician pass . At this time the commander of the Severan troops , Tiberius Claudius Candidus , was replaced by Publius Cornelius Anullinus , perhaps due to the failure of the former to prevent the withdrawal of the rival army . Battle . Eventually , Anullinus entered Syria and the final battle took place in May 194 , near Issus , the place where Alexander the Great defeated the Persian King Darius III in 332BC . Severus took advantage of the control he had on the lives of the children of the provincial governors , who were left at Rome , as well as the rivalries of the cities in the region , thus encouraging governors to change sides , one legion to desert to him and some cities to revolt . Severan troops attacked first while Niger ' s forces were hurling missiles to them . According to Dio , Severan legionaries applied testudo , using their shields for protecting either themselves or their own missile shooters ( however , it seems that it was not the real testudo that was used in sieges or against highly mobile attackers ) . At the same time , the Severan cavalry attacked from the rear . The fight was hard but in the end Severus won decisively and Niger fled back to Antioch . A sudden thunderstorm played some role in lowering the morale of Niger ' s troops , who were directly facing it , because they attributed it to divine intervention . A triumphal arch was set on site , commemorating the victory of Severus . Aftermath . While this concluded hostilities on the field between the two rivals for control of the East ( Niger was captured and killed , a few days later ) , the city of Byzantium withstood a siege by Severan troops until 196 , possibly on the hope that a third rival to the principate , the governor of Britain Clodius Albinus , nominally allied with Niger , would defeat Severus in the West . The opposite occurred at the Battle of Lugdunum .
USS Waubansee ( YTM - 366 ) USS " Waubansee " ( YTB - 366 ) , originally YT - 366 , later YTM - 366 , was a United States Navy harbor tug commissioned in 1944 and stricken in 1983 . " Waubansee " was laid down as a yard tug on 24 April 1944 at Morris Heights , New York , by the Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation . While under construction she was reclassified as a large harbor tug and redesignated YTB - 366 on 15 May 1944 . Launched on 10 June 1944 , she was completed and placed in service at the New York Navy Yard , Brooklyn , New York , on 11 October 1944 . After initial service at the Boston Navy Yard in Boston , Massachusetts , " Waubansee " was reassigned to the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard at Portsmouth , New Hampshire , on 30 April 1953 . Reclassified as a medium harbor tug and redesignated YTM - 366 in February 1962 , " Waubansee " operated in the 1st Naval District , providing tug and tow services and pilot assistance . Taken out of service and placed in reserve in August 1977 , " Waubensee " was berthed at Portsmouth , Virginia . According to her " Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships " entry , " Waubansee " was being prepared for reactivation at the time of the entry ' s publication in the spring of 1979 , but there are no available records that confirm a reactivation . She was stricken on 15 April 1983 , pending disposal . In 1983 , the Federal government donated the tug to SUNY Maritime College and was rechristened the " Domer " .
Manuel Vieira de Albuquerque Touvar Manuel Vieira de Albuquerque Touvar ( 28 April 1776 - Lisbon ; 14 June 1833 ) was a Portuguese nobleman , who served first as Captain - General in Brazil , but ultimately as the 9th Captain general of the archipelago of the Azores . Career . In the reign of Maria I of Portugal , Touvar governed the Captaincy of Espírito Santo , in the Portuguese colony of Brazil between December 1804 and December 1811 . The early part of his work in Espírito Santo involved pursuing and attacking natives within his territory , a governmental practice that had in its objective the expansion internal navigation . In 1803 , the indigenous had attacked the Porto de Souza , leaving the garrison of Coutins , totally destroyed . In 1809 , Touvar pursued the natives while founding in the ashes of the former garrison of Coutins the base for the settlement of Linhares , in homage to D . Rodrigo de Souza Coutinho , who was instituted as Count of Linhares . Touvar served in the monarch ' s Council of State , as a colonel in the Portuguese cavalry and Commander in the Order of Aviz , under John VI of Portugal . Captaincy of the Azores . After 1823 , the reformist politics of the Count of Subserra ( a Terceirense ) , powerful minister of John VI of Portugal , reestablished the Captaincy General of the Azores , giving it a new politico - administrative organization for the territory . Touvar was appointed 9th Captain - general for the Azores on 21 May 1824 , and took up residence in the city of Angra on 11 June 1824 . Following the death of John VI of Portugal , his successor Peter IV , relinquished his title to the throne of Portugal in favour of his daughter ( Maria II of Portugal ) , under the regency of his brother Miguel . But , after several months , Miguel and his absolutist faction staged a coup , and he was acclaimed King . The Absolutist counter - revolution eventually reached the Azores on 16 May 1828 , and Touvar , aligning himself with the absolutists , sent orders to every island in the archipelago to swear fielty to the new monarch . But , when a boat delivering these orders docked in Velas on 11 June 1828 , its military officers discovered that local authorities were hesitant and poorly motivated to acclaim the Infante King in the islands of the Azores . Following the Liberal Revolution , he was deposed 22 June 1828 , owing to his sympathies for the Absolutionists of the island of Terceira . Later life . He died in Lisbon on 14 June 1833 .
USS Alcor ( AD - 34 ) USS " Alcor " ( AD - 34 ) was a destroyer tender , the lone ship in her class , named for a star ( also known as the 80 Ursae Majoris ) in the constellation Ursa Major . Originally built in 1928 as SS " Dixie " at the Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Kearny , New Jersey , she was formally acquired by the United States Navy on 3 March 1941 from the Southern Pacific Steamship lines ( Morgan Line ) and converted for naval service at the Bethlehem Steel Key Highway Plant in Baltimore , Maryland . The vessel was commissioned as USS " Alcor " ( AG - 34 ) on 4 September 1941 with Commander Edward A . Mitchell in command . T Service history . The ship got underway on 7 December to sail to Casco Bay , Maine . After completing shakedown training , she shaped a course for Norfolk , Virginia and , upon reaching that port on 19 December , became the flagship of Commander , Train , Atlantic Fleet . Re - classified a repair ship and redesignated AR - 10 on 22 December 1941 " Alcor " began a tour of duty at Norfolk ( repairing damage and making alterations to warships ) that lasted for more than 30 months . Her protracted sojourn at Norfolk came to an end on 4 July 1944 when the repair ship got underway for the New England coast . She reached Casco Bay on 14 July and became the flagship of Commander , Destroyers , Atlantic Fleet . She remained in Casco Bay for the next five months making repairs for various ships of the fleet . While carrying out this assignment , her designation was changed to AD - 34 on 6 November 1944 . In early January , 1945 the destroyer tender left the east coast , bound for the Pacific . She transited the Panama Canal and joined the Pacific Fleet on 16 January . " Alcor " continued on to Hawaii and arrived at Pearl Harbor on 3 February . She provided tender services there until 4 June , when she sailed for the Philippine Islands . While en route , the vessel was diverted to Eniwetok . After a four - day layover for a special construction project , the tender resumed her original course and arrived at Leyte on 26 June . There , she reported to Service Squadron 10 for duty and began repair work for various ships . During " Alcor ' s " service in the Philippines , Japan capitulated on 15 August 1945 . " Alcor " left Philippine waters on 14 September and headed for Okinawa . She reached Buckner Bay on the 18th and resumed her tender duties . She sailed for Japan on 28 February 1946 . Her first stop was at Sasebo , where she carried out repair work through late March . " Alcor " then moved her operations to Yokosuka . The tender finished her tour there on 8 May , then shaped a course for the United States . After a pause en route at Pearl Harbor , the ship reached San Diego on 3 June . She sailed back through the Panama Canal and reached Norfolk on 22 June . Preparations were begun for her deactivation , and " Alcor " was decommissioned on 5 August 1946 . The vessel was sold on 6 August 1946 . Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 28 August 1946 ; she was later scrapped in 1950 .
Johannes Bruhn Johannes Bruhn ( 10 July 1898 – 20 November 1954 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Johannes Bruhn was captured by British troops in November 1944 and was held until 1947 . In 1951 he joined the Bundesgrenzschutz ( Federal Border Guards ) , retiring in 1954 .
Charles F . Zirzow Commander Charles F . Zirzow , U . S . Navy , ( Dec . 19 , 1922 - Jul . 3 , 1997 ) was assistant chief of staff for civil engineering with the Naval Civil Engineering Corps and was Assistant Chief of Staff to the Commander , U . S . Naval Support Force , Antarctica , 1966 - 67 . In 1967 he retired with the rank of commander and then joined the Washington engineering firm of Howard Needles Tammen & Bergendoff , first working as an aviation facilities engineer and then as director of environmental quality . He retired from the firm in 1983 and started his consulting business , which he continued until his death . He served as a paratrooper with the Army during World War II and received the Purple Heart . After the war , he attended the University of Illinois , where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa and graduated summa cum laude in civil engineering . Mr . Zirzow , who lived in Fairfax , Virginia worked with the Naval Civil Engineering Corps from 1950 to 1967 . During his years there , he served as a public works officer and then as director of the Natural Resources Management Staff . He was named assistant chief of staff for civil engineering and spent his final years with Naval forces in Antarctica . Mount Zirzow of the Forrestal Range in Antarctica is named in his honor He was a founding director of the National Association of Environmental Professionals ( NAEP ) and was a past secretary , treasurer and president . The Zirzow Student Award was established in 2001 , and is presented to a deserving college student or recent graduate , who has been recognized by their department for their academic achievement .
Siege of Galway The Siege of Galway took place from August 1651 to May 1652 during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland . Galway was the last city held by Irish Catholic forces in Ireland and its fall signalled the end to most organised resistance to the Parliamentarian conquest of the country . The English Parliamentarians were commanded by Charles Coote , an English settler who had commanded Parliamentarian forces in the northwest of Ireland throughout the Irish Confederate Wars . Galway was garrisoned by Irish Confederate soldiers under Thomas Preston , 1st Viscount Tara , many of whom had reached the city after an unsuccessful defence of Waterford . Defences of Galway . The citizens of Galway had paid for extensive modern bastion ed defences during the 1640s and the city was very difficult to assault , given that it was surrounded by Galway Bay on its south side , Lough Corrib to its northwest and Lough Atalia to its east . As a result any assault would be confined to a narrow corridor to the north of the town , allowing the defender to concentrate their fire . Coote was aware of this and after he arrived at Galway in August 1651 , he decided to blockade the city rather than to attack it directly . He laid out his siege lines between Lough Atallia and Lough Corrib and stationed a Parliamentary fleet in Galway Bay to cut off supplies or reinforcement from reaching the city . However , Galway remained open to the west and Irish general Richard Farrell was quartered in Connemara with 3000 more troops . The Siege . In November 1651 , after the fall of Limerick Henry Ireton , the Parliamentarian commander in Ireland , decided to make the capture of Galway the main priority for his forces . As a result , he reinforced Coote and tightened the blockade on Galway . The siege dragged on for seven more months before Galway capitulated . Ulick Burke , 1st Marquess of Clanricarde , who was nominally the supreme commander of the Irish Catholic forces , tried to assemble an army at Jamestown County Leitrim to relieve Galway , but few of the demoralised Irish force around the country responded to his order . In March , a conference of Irish officers in Galway , including Clanricarde , decided to begin negotiations for terms of surrender . Surrender . Thomas Preston , the military governor of Galway , eventually agreed to surrender the city on 12 May 1652 . His position had become impossible due to food shortages and an outbreak of bubonic plague in Galway . Coote agreed to let Preston leave Ireland with most of his troops and enter the Spanish service . The lives and property of the citizens of Galway was respected by the Parliamentarians for the most part , but the Catholic merchant families of the city , the " Tribes of Galway , " had to pay heavy fines and were excluded from the municipal government of Galway . See also . " For other sieges of Galway , see Sieges of Galway " References . city
Jacques Dalbon , Seigneur de Saint Andre Jacques d ' Albon , Seigneur de Saint Andre ( c . 1505 - 1562 ) was a French soldier and favorite of Henry II of France . He was made marshal of France , governor of Lyonnais and ambassador in England . He served with great bravery against the emperor Charles V in 1552 . In 1557 he was taken prisoner at the battle of Saint Quentin , but was released the following year , and took part in negotiating the peace of Cateau - Cambrsis . After the death of Francis II he formed in 1561 with the constable de Montmorency and Francis , duke of Guise , an alliance known as the triumvirate against the Protestants and the queen - mother . He perished at the battle of Dreux by the hand of a private enemy .