naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Leslie Rummell Lieutenant Leslie Jacob Rummell was a World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories . Rummell joined the 93d Aero Squadron on 7 August 1918 . He shot down his first Fokker D . VII on 12 September over Thiacourt . His triple win on the 29th , when he downed two more Fokker D . VIIs and shared a win over an Albatros two - seater , won him the Distinguished Service Cross . He went on to score three more times in October , including a shared win with Chester Wright . Rummell died in the Influenza Pandemic of 1919 , on 2 February . Honors and awards . Distinguished Service Cross ( DSC ) The Distinguished Service Cross is presented to Leslie J . Rummell , First Lieutenant ( Air Service ) , U . S . Army , for extraordinary heroism in action in the region of Moirey , France , September 29 , 1918 . Lieutenant Rummell , leading a patrol of three planes , sighted an enemy biplace airplane which was protected by seven machines ( Fokker type ) . Despite the tremendous odds , he led his patrol to the attack and destroyed the biplace . By his superior maneuvering and leadership , four more of the enemy planes were destroyed and the remaining three retired .
USS Confederacy ( 1778 ) She was launched 8 November 1778 at Chatham ( Norwich ? ) , Connecticut , and towed to New London to be prepared for sea . From 1 May to 24 August 1779 she cruised on the Atlantic coast under the command of Captain Seth Harding . While convoying a fleet of merchantmen , on 6 June , she and captured three prizes , drove off two British frigates and brought the convoy safely into Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . On 17 September 1779 " Confederacy " was ordered to carry the French Minister and his family back to France . Later John Jay , the first American Minister to Spain , his secretary , and family were added to the passenger list . During the passage on 7 November 1779 " Confederacy " was completely dismasted and almost lost , but managed through the skillful seamanship of Captain Harding to reach Martinique early in December . After repairs , she returned to convoy duty . While homeward bound from Cape Francois in the West Indies in 1781 with military stores and other supplies , " Confederacy " was forced to strike her flag to the British ships ( 44 ) and ( 32 ) . She was subsequently taken into the British service as .
Edward Bingham Rear Admiral The Honourable Edward Barry Stewart Bingham VC , OBE ( 26 July 1881 — 24 September 1939 ) served in the Royal Navy during the First World War and was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions in engaging the German fleet during the Battle of Jutland . Bingham , the son of Lord Clanmorris , entered the Royal Navy in 1895 . At the beginning of the First World War , he was appointed Commander ( Executive Officer ) of , which saw action at the Battle of the Falkland Islands in December 1914 . On 31 May 1916 , during the Battle of Jutland off Denmark , Commander Bingham was in command of a destroyer division . He led his division in their attack , first on enemy destroyers and then on the battle cruisers of the German High Seas Fleet . Once the enemy was sighted Bingham ordered his own destroyer , , and the one remaining destroyer of his division , , to close to within 2 , 750 meters of the opposing battle fleet so that he could bring his torpedo es to bear . While making this attack " Nestor " and " Nicator " were under concentrated fire of the secondary batteries of the German fleet and " Nestor " was subsequently sunk . For his actions , Bingham earned the Victoria Cross , one of relatively few awarded for naval bravery during World War I . Bingham was picked up by the Germans at Jutland , and remained a prisoner of war ( latterly at Holzminden ) until the Armistice . After the war , he remained with the Royal Navy and retired as a Rear Admiral in 1932 . He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire . Bingham died in 1939 and is buried in the Golders Green cemetery in northwest London . Bingham ' s Victoria Cross was auction ed by Sotheby ' s in 1983 and was purchased by the North Down Borough Council , County Down , who outbid a Canadian millionaire . It is on display at the North Downs Museum in Bangor Castle .
Robert Cowdin Robert Cowdin ( September 18 , 1805 – July 9 , 1874 ) was a businessman , a field officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War and a local politician in Massachusetts . Cowdin was colonel of the 1st Massachusetts Infantry and served in several major battles early in the war . He was appointed brigadier general of volunteers September 26 , 1862 and he then commanded a brigade in the defenses of Washington until March 1863 . He did not become a full brigadier general because his appointment expired by law March 4 , 1862 when the U . S . Senate adjourned without confirming it . His grade reverted to colonel but after being relieved of command of the brigade , he returned home and saw no further service . Biography . Cowdin ( occasionally misspelled as Cowden or Coudin ) was born in Jamaica , Vermont , the son of Angier and Abiah ( Carter ) Cowdin . He moved to Boston at age 20 to engage in the lumber business . He served in various organizations in the state militia from 1838 until the start of the Civil War . He also served on the Common Council of Boston for eight years , and various elected positions in the city ' s correctional system . Civil War . Cowdin was colonel of the 2nd Massachusetts Militia Regiment at the start of the war , and was appointed colonel of the 1st Massachusetts Infantry on May 25 , 1861 . He led his regiment at the battle of Blackburn ' s Ford on July 18 , 1861 , was part of Israel B . Richardson ' s brigade of Daniel Tyler ' s Division at the First Battle of Bull Run , where his horse was killed . He also saw action at Williamsburg , Fair Oaks , Glendale , Malvern Hill and Chantilly . On September 26 , 1862 , based on a recommendation by General Joseph Hooker , he was appointed Brigadier General of Volunteers , and commanded the 1st Brigade , Abercrombie ' s Division , Defenses of Washington ( later called the XXII Corps ) , from October 1862 to February 1863 , then the 2nd Brigade until the end of March . On March 4 , Congress adjourned without approving his commission , and he was relieved of duty on March 30 , and returned to Massachusetts . Postwar life . During the next 11 years , Cowdin served 10 terms on the Common Council and Board of Aldermen in Boston , and served as Captain of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts . He died in Boston , Massachusetts , and is buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery , Cambridge , Massachusetts . Further reading . Cowdin , Robert . " Gen . Cowdin and the First Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteers . " Boston : J . E . Farwell and Co . , printers , 1864 .
Flight Engineer Badge The Flight Engineer Badge was a qualification badge of the United States Army Air Forces authorized late in the Second World War on 19 June 1945 . It was awarded to those military officers and NCOs who had qualified as flight engineers on board a military aircraft . As aircraft grew increasingly complex , the need arose for an in - flight specialist dedicated to monitoring and operating the various systems . However , prior to the creation of their own distinctive wings , flight engineers wore aircrew wings . During the Korean War , the Flight Engineer Badge was slowly phased out by the United States Air Force and replaced with the Aircrew Badge . By 1962 , the Flight Engineer Badge was no longer issued and had been declared obsolete . However , regulations through the early 1970s authorized USAF personnel who had been " . . . granted aeronautical ratings no longer current . . . to wear the aviation badge that was in effect when the rating was granted . " The Flight Engineer Badge continued to be worn by some remaining WWII and Korean War veterans until they eventually retired or otherwise left military service . The badge is still worn today by some flight engineers as unofficial novelty badges , but only on flight suits during inflight operations . The official design incorporated a four - bladed propeller with 18 radial cylinders .
Fort Ruhya Fort Ruhya was a fort in Oude , India . It was the site of conflict during the Indian rebellion of 1857 where 4 soldiers of the British Army were awarded Victoria Cross es . Today , there is a cemetery where one of the recipients , Edward Spence , is interred .
Charles Cawetzka Charles Cawetzka ( March 1 , 1877 Detroit , Michigan - October 23 , 1951 ) was a United States Army soldier received the Medal of Honor for actions on August 23 , 1900 during the Philippine - American War . Private Cawetzka protected a wounded comrade from a " numerically superior enemy " Private Cawetzka is buried in Romulus Memorial Cemetery in Romulus , Michigan . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and Organization : Private , Company F , 30th Infantry , U . S . Volunteers . Place and Date : Near Sariaya , Luzon , Philippine Islands , August 23 , 1900 . Entered Service At : Wayne , Mich . Birth : Detroit , Mich . Date of Issue : March 14 , 1902 . Citation : Single - handed , he defended a disabled comrade against a greatly superior force of the enemy .
Mark 23 torpedo The Mark 23 torpedo was a submarine - launched anti - surface ship torpedo designed and built by the Naval Torpedo Station for the United States Navy in World War II . It was essentially a Mark 14 torpedo , modified via the removal of its low - speed , long - range setting , leaving the high - speed , short - range feature in place . It was developed with the high - speed feature of the Mark 14 torpedo in mind , as earlier in the war , the low - speed feature of the Mark 14 was rarely used . However , during the latter stages of the war , fewer targets and better tactics necessitated firing from longer ranges and the Mark 14 , with its low - speed , long - range feature , became the preferred weapon . Many of the Mark 23s were scrapped or converted to Mark 14s , while other units were cannibalized for spare parts .
Frederick Mayes Major General Frederick Brian Mayes , CB , FRCS ( born 24 August 1934 ) is a retired senior British Army officer . He was Director General of the Army Medical Services from 1993 to 1996 . Early life . Mayes was born on 24 August 1934 to Harry Frederick Mayes and Constance Enid Mayes . He was educated at Wyggeston Grammar School , Leicester from 1945 to 1952 . He studied at St Mary ' s Hospital Medical School , graduating with a Bachelor of Medicine , Bachelor of Surgery ( MB BS ) in 1958 . Military career . On 1 February 1960 , as part of National Service , Mayers was commissioned into Royal Army Medical Corps as a lieutenant . He was given the service number 464204 . On 9 March 1960 , he transferred to a short service commission in the regular army . He maintained the rank of lieutenant and was given seniority from 14 December 1959 . He was promoted to captain on 14 December 1960 . He transferred to a regular commission on 4 March 1964 , with seniority in the rank of captain from 14 December 1959 . He was promoted to major on 14 December 1964 . During his early career , he served in Aden , most likely during the Aden Emergency of 1963 to 1967 , in East Africa , in West Germany with the British Army of the Rhine and in the United Kingdom . On 14 December 1972 , he was promoted to lieutenant colonel . In the same year , he was made a Consultant in Surgery . He was promoted to colonel on 14 December 1982 . From 1984 to 1987 , he was Commanding Officer of the British Military Hospital in Hannover . From 1987 to 1988 , he was Commanding Officer of Cambridge Military Hospital , Aldershot Garrison . He was promoted to brigadier on 19 December 1988 . He was then once more posted to West Germany as a Consultant Surgeon attached to HQ BAOR in 1988 . He was promoted to major general on 31 December 1990 . He was Commander Medical , HQ BAOR from 1990 to 1993 . He served as Director General Army Medical Services from 1993 to 1996 . He retired from the British Army on 26 May 1996 . Later life . In retirement , Mayes lives in the town of Farnham , Surrey . Personal life . In 1962 , Mayes married Mary Anna Georgina Roche . Together they had two sons and two daughters . One of their two sons pre - deceased his parents . Honours and decorations . On 31 December 1990 , Mayes was appointed Honorary Surgeon to the Queen ( QHS ) . His tenure expired on 1 April 1996 . He was appointed Commander of the Venerable Order of Saint John ( CStJ ) in December 1993 . In the 1995 Queen ' s Birthday Honours , he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB ) .
North African Campaign ( World War II ) During the Second World War , the North African Campaign took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 16 May 1943 . It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts ( Western Desert Campaign , also known as the Desert War ) and in Morocco and Algeria ( Operation Torch ) and Tunisia ( Tunisia Campaign ) . The campaign was fought between the Allies and Axis powers . The Allied war effort was dominated by the British Commonwealth and exiles from German - occupied Europe . The U . S . entered the war in 1941 and began direct military assistance in North Africa on 11 May 1942 . Fighting in North Africa started with the Italian declaration of war on 10 June 1940 . On 14 June , the British Army ' s 11th Hussars ( assisted by elements of the 1st Royal Tank Regiment , 1st RTR ) crossed the border into Libya and captured the Italian Fort Capuzzo . This was followed by an Italian offensive into Egypt and the capture of Sidi Barrani in September 1940 and then in December 1940 by a Commonwealth counteroffensive , Operation Compass . During Operation Compass , the Italian 10th Army was destroyed and the German " Afrika Korps " — commanded by Erwin Rommel — was dispatched to North Africa — during Operation " Sonnenblume " — to reinforce Italian forces in order to prevent a complete Axis defeat . A see - saw series of battles for control of Libya and parts of Egypt followed , reaching a climax in the Second Battle of El Alamein when British Commonwealth forces under the command of Lieutenant - General Bernard Montgomery , delivered a decisive defeat to the Axis forces and pushed them back to Tunisia . After the late 1942 Allied Operation Torch landings in North - West Africa , and subsequent battles against Vichy France forces ( who then changed sides ) , the Allies finally encircled Axis forces in northern Tunisia and forced their surrender . The Axis , by fighting against the Soviet Union on the Eastern Front , provided relief for the British and later American forces fighting in North Africa . Information gleaned via British Ultra code - breaking intelligence proved critical to Allied success in North Africa
Frank Williams ( Medal of Honor ) Frank Williams ( October 19 , 1872 - October 24 , 1900 ) was an American sailor serving in the United States Navy during the Spanish – American War who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Williams was born October 19 , 1872 in Germany , and after entering the navy he was sent as a Seaman to fight in the Spanish – American War . Williams likely drowned on October 24 , 1900 while living in Puerto Rico . His body was not recovered . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Seaman , U . S . Navy . Born : 19 October 1872 , Germany . Accredited to : New York . G . O . No . : 521 , 7 July 1899 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Marblehead during the operation of cutting the cable leading from Cienfuegos , Cuba , 11 May 1898 . Facing the heavy fire of the enemy , Williams displayed extraordinary bravery and coolness throughout this period .
D . V . Peyton - Ward Dudley Vivian Peyton - Ward CBE ( - 1976 ) was a Royal Navy officer who served in both the First World War and during and after the Second World War . ‘ P . W . ’ to those that knew him , he was most famous for his work as Naval Liaison Officer to RAF Coastal Command . The work he performed in this capacity was of utmost importance to the smooth functioning of Coastal Command operations , tactics and weapons ( see : Coastal Command weapon development . Among other things , he personally championed and facilitated the increased use of Very Long Range aircraft , such as the Consolidated B - 24 Liberator . These aircraft allowed continual air cover over the Atlantic and closed the notorious Mid - Atlantic gap , where Axis U - Boats could freely operate against Allied convoys . It was said of him that he was the only person of lower than Air Marshal rank whose portrait appeared in the mess at Coastal Command . After the war he wrote an eight volume internal history for the Royal Navy , entitled " The R . A . F . in the Maritime War " , a copy of which resides at The National Archives in Kew , London . The preface to the British Official history of the RAF in the Second World ( a supplemental work to the " History of the Second World War " ) says " Our debt is especially heavy to the Air Historical Branch : to its narrators — among them Captain D . V . Peyton - Ward , C . B . E . , R . N . ( retd . ) , perhaps more than any " . Life . In May 1914 he was his sub - Lieutenancy was confirmed . While a Lieutenant he was mentioned in dispatches in 1917 for " recognition of their services in submarines in enemy waters " during the First World War . In 1944 was named as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire . After the war he was named officer of the US Legion of Merit for his contribution to the Allied cause during the war .
Battle of Varnakert In the Battle of Varnakert ( 702 ) Smbat Bagratuni defeated the 8 , 000 - strong Umayyad army from the garrison in Nakhichevan . Smbat , with the aid of Byzantine Empire , managed to re - conquer the majority of Armenia and drive the Arabs out of the country . Despite this success , the Umayyad generals Muhammad ibn Marwan and Maslamah ibn Abd al - Malik soon restored Armenia to subject status , and secured Muslim control by organizing a large - scale massacre of the princely families ( " nakharar " ) within the cathedral of Nakhchivan in 705 .
Dmitry Grigorieff Archpriest Dmitry Grigorieff ( May 14 , 1919 – December 8 , 2007 ) was the dean emeritus of the Saint Nicholas Russian Orthodox Cathedral of Washington D . C . . Grigorieff was also an academic scholar and was a retired Professor of Russian language and literature at Georgetown University . Early life . Dmitry Grigorieff was born in London in 1919 . His father , Dmitry Dmitrievich Grigorieff , was the governor of Sakhalin and also served on the Central Board of the Russian Red Cross . The family had fled Russia in 1918 during the Russian Revolution . They first fled to Riga , Latvia , and then to London , where Grigorieff was born . The Grigorieffs moved to Japan in the early 1920s . Dmitry Grigorieff was baptized at St . Nicholas Church in Tokyo . The family returned to Riga after the end of the Russian Civil War where Grigorieff began studying at the Orthodox Theological Institute . Dmitry Grigorieff , who was a British citizen , left Riga and moved to Australia during World War II . He served in the British Merchant Marines in the Pacific from 1943 to 1944 . He moved to New York City in 1945 , where he worked in the British Office of War Information . Grigorieff earned a Master ' s Degree in linguistics and comparative literature from Yale University in 1948 . He later received a doctorate in [ Slavic studies ] from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1958 and a diploma in theology from St . Vladimir ' s Orthodox Theological Seminary in New York . Academic career . Grigorieff , who was a Fyodor Dostoevsky scholar , taught Russian language and literature at Georgetown University from 1959 until 1989 . Additionally , he also taught at the Army Language School in Monterey , California , as a Russian language professor and at Columbia University in Manhattan . Priesthood . Grigorieff was formally ordained a Russian Orthodox priest at St . Nicholas Cathedral in Washington D . C . in 1969 at the age of 50 . He was designated as the cathedral ' s second priest at the time . He introduced English language services to the cathedral during the 1970s and was appointed dean in 1986 . Grigorieff was given the title of dean emeritus in 1998 . He continued to publish books , in both English and Russian , on the topics of linguistics and religion . His most recent work was " Dostoevsky and the Church , " which was published in 2002 in Moscow . Grigorieff was awarded the Order of St . Innocent by Patriarch Aleksy II of the Russian Orthodox Church of Moscow . This marked the first time that the order had been awarded to a priest in the United States . Death . Father Dmitry Grigorieff died of cardiac arrest on December 8 , 2007 , at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington D . C . at the age of 89 . His wife , Galina Grigorieff , had died in 1998 . Father Grigorieff was a resident of Bethesda , Maryland .
152 H 88 152 H 88 is the name of a series of modernized 152 mm towed heavy howitzer s with 32 caliber barrels . The guns of the series share the same barrel as well as other similar qualities , but differ slightly in appearance , since they consist of three different , older ( modernized ) versions . The modernization was carried out by Vammas Oy from 1988 to mid - 1990s . The modernization project consisted of numerous modifications to the guns , some of which had already undergone earlier smaller modifications . The most important change was the replacement of the original barrels by a Finnish - made 152 mm barrel . Also the gun carriage s were subjected to various modifications . After the modernization , increased towing speeds were made possible . The breech mechanism is manually operated in all the guns . All the 152 H 88 series artillery pieces are being withdrawn from service and scrapped ( as of 2007 ) . Versions . There are three different main versions of the gun : The two Soviet models were either taken as war booty during the Continuation War or bought from the Germans . The German 15 cm sFH 18 guns were bought during the Interim Peace and saw service during the Continuation War . Ammunition . The howitzers use a cased variable charge separate - loading propellant system . The Soviet type ammunition is usually transported as complete in a wooden box . The weight of the projectile is 43 kg ( with a 6 kg explosive charge ) , and the weight of the largest propellant charge is 8 kg . The guns can fire high - explosive fragmentation shells , which have a muzzle velocity of about 650 m / s and an effective radius of 50 – 150 meters . The Soviet - made 152 mm D - 20 howitzer ( 152 H 55 ) uses the same ammunition as the 152 H 88 series guns .