naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
5th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 5th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 5th Michigan Infantry was organized at Detroit , Michigan and mustered into Federal service for a three year enlistment on August 28 , 1861 . In October 1862 the Army of the Potomac was reorganized . The 5th Michigan , along with the 17th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment , was placed in the 3rd Brigade , 1st Division , 3rd Corps . " Our regiment is assigned to the 3rd Brigade , 1st Division , III Corps ( Union Army ) . This Brigade is commanded by General Berry of Maine ( Hiram Gregory Berry ) , who is at this time sick at home . The division is commanded by General Birney of Pennsylvania ( David B . Birney ) , the corps by Major General George Stoneman ( George Stoneman ) . Colonel Poe of Michigan is in temporary command of our brigade . " The regiment was mustered out on July 5 , 1865 at Jeffersonville , Indiana . Total Strength and Casualties . The regiment mustered a total of 1586 men during its existence . It suffered 16 officers and 247 enlisted men who were killed in action or motally wounded and 3 officer and 188 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 454 fatalities . " When compared to other Michigan regiments that fought in the Civil War , the Fifth Michigan stands out . It had the second highest number of casualties of all Michigan infantry regiments in the war . Of all Union infantry regiments in the war , the Fifth Michigan ranked fifth in total number of casualties endured . A logical explanation for so many combat deaths and wounds is the fact that the Fighting Fifth played a key role in numerous charges against Confederate positions : twice at Williamsburg ( Battle of Williamsburg ) , and at Fair Oaks ( Battle of Seven Pines ) the Wilderness ( Battle of the Wilderness ) , Spotsylvania , North Anna , and Petersburg . " The Regiment was commanded at Gettysburg by Lieutenant Colonel John Pulford , who was wounded on July 2 - the third of five times during the war . Timeline . From the Gettysburg monument : " Effective strength July 2nd 1863 ; present and detached service 21 officers and 262 men , total 283 . Casualties : Killed 2 officers , 17 men ; Wounded 8 officers 78 men ; Missing 4 men ; Total 109 . " " The regiment fought here about 4 : 30 o ' clock p . m . , July 2 , 1863 , after it had been assembled from the skirmish line far in advance of this position . It moved to the support of the 2nd Corps in resisting Pickett ' s Charge , July 3 . "
Gerhard Friedrich ( officer ) Gerhard Friedrich ( 17 October 1909 – Missing in action as of 8 May 1945 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Gerhard Friedrich was listed as missing in action as of 8 May 1945 .
Lockheed A - 28 Hudson Derived from a civilian plane ( Model 14 ) , keeping the wings , tail and engines and a new fuselage with the filing of pumps , turret and back positions for the bombardier and navigator . The A - 28 Hudson was commissioned by Britain in 1938 was also acquired by the USAAF , was offered by the Lend - Lease program , such as A - 28 , A - 29 or AT - 18 , depending on the mission and type of engine used . Some models for the RAF were transferred to the U . S . Navy , was appointed PBO - 1 and employees on patrol A / S . Hudson belongs to a U . S . Navy the first confirmed sinking of German submarines by U . S . aircraft in World War II ( a type VIIC ) . History . Based on the Lockheed 14 Super Electra developed Lockheed before the beginning of World War II a light bomber , in June 1938 by the Royal Air Force for Coastal Command was ordered . The first machine , known as the Hudson Mk I flew on 10 December 1938 , the following summer , the machines assigned to the Coastal Command . In the following years , nearly 2000 machines of the series Mk I , Mk II and Mk III to the Royal Air Force were delivered . A Hudson was also the first aircraft of the United States Air Force , the World War II a German plane shot down - on 8 October 1939 on Jutland a Dornier Do 18 . Hudson was also on the attack " Altmark " and in the seizure of the German U - boat " U 570 " involved . By a British Hudson was in May 1943 the first German U - boat Ballistic missiles sunk . 1942 , the first machines , now as " A - 28 " called extradited to the U . S . Air Force . Until 1942 , produced 82 A - 28 and 418 A - 29 . There were also 300 AT - 18 trainers and 20 machines , by the U . S . Navy as " PBO - 1 " were flown . A Navy PBO - 1 was also the first U . S . aircraft to a German U - boat sank - " U 656 " off the coast Newfoundland .
USS Dionysus ( AR - 21 ) USS " Dionysus " ( AR - 21 ) was a in the service of the United States Navy from 1945 to 1955 . Construction and commissioning . " Dionysus " was originally launched as the Liberty ship SS " Faithful " by Bethlehem - Fairfield Shipyard on 10 October 1944 , sponsored by Mrs . H . C . McClelland . She was acquired by the Navy on 25 October 1944 and commissioned as USS " Dionysus " ' ( AR - 21 ) on 28 April 1945 , Commander S . D . Simpson in command . World War II service . " Dionysus " arrived at Pearl Harbor on 30 June 1945 . On 13 July she was underway for Eniwetok where she was stationed as repair ship from 24 July to 8 September . Entering Tokyo Bay on 17 September , " Dionysus " served there until 10 November when she sailed for overhaul at Bremerton , Washington , where she arrived on 28 November . On 30 May 1946 she arrived at San Pedro , where she was placed out of commission in reserve on 31 January 1947 . Post - war service and decommissioning . Recommissioned on 13 February 1952 , " Dionysus " sailed from Long Beach on 8 April to join the Atlantic Fleet . She arrived at Naval Station Norfolk on 29 April and served primarily at this base . An exception was a period in 1953 when she relocated to the Caribbean to repair ships operating from Roosevelt Roads Naval Station , Puerto Rico , ending on 16 April 1954 when she sailed to visit Charleston , South Carolina . She arrived at Newport , Rhode Island on 11 May and continued her repair services there until 3 February 1955 . At New York from 4 February to 11 April , she then sailed for Beaumont , Texas , where she was placed in commission in reserve upon her arrival on 20 April . She arrived at Orange , Texas on 25 April and was placed out of commission in reserve there as of 1 July 1955 . " Dionysus " was withdrawn from the James River Reserve Fleet on 31 May 1978 and designated for use in an artificial reef program in North Carolina .
Sopwith Two - Seat Scout The Sopwith Two - Seat Scout ( or Type 880 ) was a 1910s British biplane Anti - Zeppelin scout biplane designed and built for the Admiralty by the Sopwith Aviation Company . It was nicknamed the Spinning Jenny due to a tendency to enter a spin . Design and development . First flown in November 1914 the Two - Seat Scout was developed from the 1914 Circuit of Britain seaplane . It was two - bay unswept biplane with equal span wings and ailerons fitted on all four wings and a braced tailplane and a single rudder . It had a fixed tailskid landing gear with a cross - axle type main gear with twin wheels carried on vee legs under the fuselage . It was powered by a nose - mounted 100 hp ( 75 kW ) Gnome Monosoupape rotary engine driving a two - bladed propeller . It had two tandem open cockpits and could carry small bombs under the fuselage .
Hellenic Air Force Museum The Hellenic Air Force Museum was founded in 1986 and since 1992 it is located on the Decelea Airfield . In opposition to the War Museum of Athens it displays air force history and is active in restoring and presenting old aircraft . The most aircraft in the collection come from the Hellenic Air Force , some were exchanged with other European Aircraft Museums . The HAF Underwater Operations Team ( KOSYTHE ) helped recover some rare airplanes from underwater for the museum : A Bristol Blenheim , a Junkers 52 and a Junkers 87 ( Stuka ) .
Underground hangar An underground hangar is a type of hangar for military aircraft , usually dug into the side of a mountain for protection . It is bigger and more protected than a hardened aircraft shelter ( HAS ) . An underground hangar complex may include tunnels containing the normal elements of a military airbase - fuel storage , weapon storage , rooms for maintaining the aircraft systems , a communications centre , briefing rooms , kitchen , dining rooms , sleeping areas and generators for electrical power . Countries that have used underground hangars include Albania , China , India , Pakistan , Italy , North Korea , Norway , Sweden , Switzerland , Taiwan , Vietnam and Yugoslavia . By country . India . The Indian Air Force operates underground hangars . Sukhoi Su - 30 MKI have been stationed at Trishul Air - base situated in Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India . It houses one of the largest underground hangars in Asia . Adampur , situated in Punjab , houses an air - base with underground hangars . It is the home base for MiG - 29 and MiG - 21 interceptors . Pakistan . Pakistan has an underground hangar facility for the Pakistan Air Force at PAF Base Mushaf , Sargodha , Punjab . Sweden . The Swedish Air Force has used underground hangars . The Saab 37 Viggen aircraft was designed with a folding tail fin to fit into low hangars . One of the hangars is now the Aeroseum museum . Switzerland . Six " Flugzeugkaverne " ( aircraft caverns ) , each with space for 30 or more aircraft , were constructed for the Swiss Air Force . One has been used to operate F / A - 18 Hornet aircraft . Yugoslavia . The largest underground hangar complex in former Yugoslavia was at Željava Airport near Bihać , with enough space for 80 MiG - 21 s . Slatina Air Base , located at Pristina International Airport , contained the second largest . Taiwan . The only Taiwanese airbase where has built underground hangars is Jiashan Airbase , located in Hualien at Eastern Taiwan coast , to prevent from massive missile strike launched from China . Underground hangars in Jiashan Airbase has deployed F - 16 A / B , F - 5 E - F squadrons . Saudi Arabia . During the Gulf War , USAF and Saudi Air Force utilized underground hangars with good desert camouflage , and launched air raids against Saddam Hussein ' s air powers .
Egyptian Air Academy The Egyptian Air Academy ( Arabic : الكلية الجوية المصرية ) is a college in Bilbeis , Sharqia Governorate , Egypt , tasked with training officer candidates for the Egyptian Air Force . Established in 1951 , the Egyptian Air Academy is one of seven military academies administered by the various branches of the Egyptian Armed Forces . The current director of the Egyptian Air Academy is Air Vice - Marshal Abd - El Moneam Hassan Shouman . In addition to Egyptian Air Force personnel , the academy has also trained cadets from a large number of other Arab countries , as well as cadets from Malaysia and parts of Sub - Saharan Africa . History . Formal air force training in Egypt dates to 1938 when a forerunner to the Egyptian Air Academy was established on the grounds of the Royal Air Force - administered Almaza station near present - day Cairo International Airport . Resources provided to this school included instructors , technicians , training aircraft and curriculum . The first cadets were non - commissioned officers from the Egyptian Army and various police forces who were deemed medically fit for flying . This first school was divided into five " wings " : Flying , Science , Technical , Cadets and Administration . By 1951 the Almaza site had become inadequate for air force training purposes . That year a law was passed by the Kingdom of Egypt authorizing the creation of the Egyptian Air Academy near Bilbeis . Despite the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 , the expulsion of British forces and the subsequent rise of the Republic of Egypt , plans for the academy remained unchanged , with construction and renovation continuing through 1961 . Future Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak served as a lecturer and later as director of the Egyptian Air Academy at various times during the 1950s and 1960s Admission and curriculum . Prospective Egyptian Air Academy cadets must be Egyptian " by heredity from forefathers , " unmarried , no older than 21 have " good manners " and be " clean living . " Once at the academy cadets are divided into " pilot " and " navigator " groups . Curriculum includes theoretical and practical flying , administration and humanities , computer science and foreign languages . Upon graduation both pilots and navigators receive bachelor ' s degrees , commissions in the Egyptian Air Force and certifications in their respective fields of study . Graduating pilots also receive an internationally - recognized commercial pilot ' s license .
USS Yazoo ( 1865 ) USS " Yazoo " — a single - turreted , twin - screw monitor — was laid down in March 1863 , before final government approval had been given , by Merrick & Sons , Philadelphia , PA . ; launched on 8 May 1865 ; and completed on 15 December 1865 . " Yazoo " was a " Casco " - class monitor intended for service in the shallow bays , sounds , rivers , and inlets of the Confederacy . These warships sacrificed armor plate for a shallow draft and were fitted with a ballast compartment designed to enable them to ride exceptionally low in the water during battle . Design revisions . Though the original designs for the " Casco " - class monitors were drawn by John Ericsson , the final revision was created by Chief Engineer Alban C . Stimers following Rear Admiral Samuel F . Du Pont ' s failed bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1863 . By the time that the plans were put before the Monitor Board in New York City , Ericsson and Stimers had a poor relationship , and Chief of the Bureau of Construction and Repair John Lenthall had little connection to the board . This resulted in the plans being approved and 20 vessels ordered without serious scrutiny of the new design . $ 14 million US was allocated for the construction of these vessels . It was discovered that Stimers had failed to compensate for the armor his revisions added to the original plan and this resulted in excessive stress on the wooden hull frames and a freeboard of only 3 inches . Stimers was removed from the control of the project and Ericsson was called in to undo the damage . He was forced to raise the hulls of the monitors under construction by 22 inches to make them seaworthy . Fate . The ship was laid up at the Philadelphia Navy Yard on 20 December 1865 , where " Yazoo " was extensively reworked . Nevertheless , since her class design had proven disappointing she saw no commissioned service . Her name was changed twice : first to Tartar on 15 June 1869 and then back to " Yazoo " on 10 August 1869 . " Yazoo " was sold at Philadelphia on 5 September 1874 to A . Purvis & Son .
11th ( North Auckland ) Mounted Rifles The 11th ( North Auckland ) Mounted Rifles was formed on 17 March 1911 . They were mobilised during World War I as a squadron of the Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment . They served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I and first saw action during the Battle of Gallipoli . As a part of the larger New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade ( of the ANZAC Mounted Division ) they went on to serve in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign . Between the wars . They became the 9th New Zealand Mounted Rifles ( North Auckland ) in 1921 and later was renamed the North Auckland Mounted Rifles , which was absorbed into the 1st Armoured Regiment , on 29 March 1944 .
Alfred Lindenberger Leutnant ( later Major ) Alfred Lindenberger was a World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories . He also scored four victories during World War II . While Lindenberger was a gunner in FA 234 , he shot down a Spad with pilot " Vizfeldwebel " Breitenstein on 29 May 1917 . Then he was teamed with ace pilot " Vizfeldwebel " Karl Jentsch , and they scored two more SPADs in October . After pilot training , in May 1918 Lindenberger was posted to Jasta 2 . Between 30 May and 1 November 1918 , he downed nine more enemy planes , seven flying the Fokker D . VII . In June 1944 , Major Lindenberger served with JG 3 and then flew air defense sorties with JG 300 over Germany until February 1945 . He was made II . / JG 300 " Gruppenkommandeur " in October 1944 . Owing to his age and inexperience with modern fighters he flew most sorties as a wingman . On 28 September 1944 he claimed a B - 17 over Hildesheim and a P - 51 Mustang near Quedlinburg before he was shot down by P - 51s and wounded . Lindenberger then claimed two US B - 24 four - engined bombers on 17 December 1944 during a 15th Air Force raid over Poland , ( JG 300 claimed 22 B - 24s downed ) . He thus scored four World War II victories in total , making his lifetime tally sixteen aerial victories .
Sologubovka Cemetery Sologubovka Cemetery is a German war cemetery and the final resting place of over 30 , 000 German war dead from World War II . Located southeast of St . Petersburg in northwestern Russia , it has a planned capacity for a further 50 , 000 new burials of previously lost German war dead . History . In September 2000 , the Sologubovka Cemetery was opened in the presence of German and Russian officials , including many German veterans hoping to find lost comrades . The cemetery is one of dozens opened or refurbished since the end of the Cold War by the German War Graves Commission , which is tasked with restoring and maintaining the graves of German soldiers from both world wars . Most of the fallen soldiers remained lost or unknown for over forty years , their graves destroyed , abandoned or simply unknown . Russian sentiment . The cemetery ' s opening ceremony was boycotted by some Russian Siege of Leningrad veterans , but local residents showed appreciation for the refurbishment of the church and road improvements provided by Germany . More than 700 , 000 Soviets died during the Battle of Leningrad near Sologubovka , presumably in combat with those Germans buried here . Lingering anti - German sentiment over the war in general and the fact that the USSR frequently did not bury its own war dead was mentioned in the press , but no protests or overt hostility towards the new German presence was reported . Lost German war dead . Up to 10 , 000 German military dead are found and buried each year in this part of Russia . The cemetery has become a point of reconciliation between German and Russian youth , who jointly search for unmarked graves around Sologubovka and elsewhere in Russia . The Goethe - Institut sponsors events and exhibitions at Sologubovka Cemetery to heighten awareness of the missing soldiers from World War II and to facilitate mutual German - Russian understanding and recognition of war dead . The German War Graves Commission estimates there are still many thousands of German unmarked war graves throughout Russia and areas of the former Eastern Front but has successfully located and reinterred over 600 , 000 in German sponsored cemeteries like Sologubovka since the end of the Cold War .
Heukchi Sangji Heukchi Sangji ( Hangul : 흑치상지 , Hanja : 黑齒常之 , pinyin : Heichi Changzhi ) ( 630 – 689 ) was a Baekje general who became a leader of the Baekje Revival Movement , and later a Tang Dynasty general . Independence movement . After serious attack of Silla - Tang alliance , Heukchi ran away firstly with several unknown generals . Then , his force got a success on regaining Imjohn castle gathering 30 thousand people . Tang ' s Sojeongbang seemed to be eager to defeat him and Baekje people . But he won continuously reoccupying 200 or more castles . He started to lose his base from the betrayal of Yongsak who had been his followers . Yongsak was known to yield Tang and even took up official rank . Heukchi Sangji kept marching onward defeating several Chinese - based enemies . Later he joined Tang ' s force by dissolution of Baekje force . Heukchi Sangji sallied forth for Tang ' s war against Göktürks . But Heukichi and his patron General Zhao felt out of favour from Wu Zetian and the two was sentenced to prison when they were slandered against . Finally , he came to be in chains and sentenced to death in 689 .
Project Opossum Project Opossum was a World War II raid undertaken by Australia ' s Z Special Unit in 1945 on the island of Ternate near Borneo to rescue the Sultan of Ternate , Iskander Muhammad Jabit Syah . The mission was authorised by General Douglas MacArthur who was worried about the Sultan ' s life . The Sultan had been sympathetic to the Allied cause . Z Special Unit sent a contingent of 13 , mostly Australians and two Indonesian recruits from West Timor and North Sulawesi . They landed on Hiri Island , two kilometres north of Ternate , and went to the coastal village of Kulaba after a six - hour trek . Members of the unit rescued the sultan along with his two wives , eight children and retinue of courtiers and relatives . Several boatloads of Japanese soldiers arrived the next day resulting in a shooting fight which resulted in the death of three Japanese and Australian officer Lieutenant George Bosworth . Warrant Officer Dick Perry assumed command and attacked the remaining Japanese who were all killed . The sultan and his family were taken to Morotai by PT boat where the sultan spoke with General MacArthur . They were then settled in the Queensland town of Wacol , Queensland until the end of the war . The mission inspired the film " Attack Force Z " ( 1981 ) .
Battle of Failaka The battle of Failaka broke out between the Kuwaiti garrison of Failaka island and attacking Iraqi forces during the Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait , on August 2 , 1990 . The Kuwaiti garrison consisted of infantry company and a company of Border guards , in addition to air defense company armed with Hawk missiles . Iraqi forces consisted of Special forces Battalion transported by Helicopters Reinforced with a Battalion of Marines . Aftermath . After the successful takeover by the Iraqi army , the island of Failaka has been depopulated , with its 2 , 000 residents expelled to mainland . The island was retaken by American forces in 1991 , using tools of psychologic warfare , making the Iraqi contingent of 1 , 400 surrender without a single shot .
Strix mortar round The Saab Bofors Dynamics STRIX is a Swedish guided projectile fired from a 120 mm mortar . STRIX is fired like a conventional mortar round . The round contains an infrared sensor that it uses to guide itself onto any tank or armoured fighting vehicle in the vicinity where it lands . STRIX has been in service with the Swedish and Swiss Armies since 1994 . As well as being fired by conventional mortars , STRIX can be fired by the Advanced Mortar System , an automatic dual 120 mm mortar mounted in a turret for fitting to armoured fighting vehicle s .
HMS Veteran ( 1787 ) HMS " Veteran " was a 64 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 14 August 1787 at East Cowes . She was designed by Sir Edward Hunt , and was the only ship built to her draught . In 1801 , " Veteran " was present at the Battle of Copenhagen , as part of Admiral Sir Hyde Parker ' s reserve fleet . She was broken up in 1816 .