naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Goliath transmitter Goliath transmitter was a VLF transmitter of the German Navy near Kalbe an der Milde in Saxony - Anhalt , Germany , which was in service from 1943 to 1945 . It had a maximum transmission power of 1800 kW and was the most powerful transmitter of its time . History . From 1943 to the end of World War II , Goliath was the main radio transmitter for German submarine radio communications , operating on frequencies between 15 and 60 kHz with a main working frequency of 16 . 55 kHz . Using up to 1800 kW of power , Goliath ' s transmissions could be received worldwide including submerged submarines in the Caribbean , but had difficulty penetrating Norwegian fjords . Technical characteristics . Goliath used three umbrella antenna s , which were arranged radially around three 210 metre tall guyed steel tube masts and were insulated against ground . At their edges these antennas were mounted on grounded 170 metre tall guyed lattice steel masts . Three of these masts carried two umbrella antennas to comprise 15 lattice steel masts . Legacy of Goliath ( after 1945 ) . Shortly after World War II , the Goliath transmitter buildings and antennas were reportedly destroyed by the Soviet s . Today only one 170 meter mast base remains of the original installation . According to the interview given in 2007 by the commander of the present - day Goliath facility in Russia , Captain 1st Rank Yuri Gorev , to the Nizhny Novgorod edition of " Argumenty i Fakty " , Goliath was rebuilt between 1949 and 1952 in the Kudma River valley , in the southern suburbs of Nizhny Novgorod ( Kstovsky District ; ) . Since then , the station has been transmitting commands and time signals RJH99 for the Russian Navy . Since the 1960s , it has also participated in tracking spacecraft . The nearby settlement for the staff of the facility is known under the name Druzhniy . The antenna system of Vileyka VLF transmitter greatly resembles that of Goliath , but all its masts are about 100 metres taller .
USNS Henry Eckford ( T - AO - 192 ) United States Naval Ship USNS " Henry Eckford " ( T - AO - 192 ) was a " Henry J . Kaiser " - class fleet replenishment oiler of the United States Navy . She was never completed . Construction . " Henry Eckford " , the sixth " Henry J . Kaiser " - class ship , was laid down by the Pennsylvania Shipbuilding Company in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , on 22 January 1987 . Her construction encountered numerous problems . Although she was launched on 22 July 1989 , her construction contract with Pennsylvania Shipbuilding was cancelled on 31 August 1989 . Along with her unfinished sister ship USNS " Benjamin Isherwood " ( T - AO - 191 ) , the incomplete " Henry Eckford " was towed to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia on 27 October 1989 for lay - up . A new contract was awarded on 16 November 1989 to the Tampa Shipbuilding Company of Tampa , Florida , to complete " Henry Eckford " , and she was towed from Philadelphia to Tampa . However , construction problems continued , and that contract also was canceled , on 15 August 1993 , when the ship was 84 percent complete . Cost overruns had run into the millions of U . S . dollars . Reserve . The Navy decided that completion of " Henry Eckford " as an oiler was no longer necessary , and considered converting her into an ammunition ship , but the conversion was found to be cost - prohibitive . Instead , the nearly complete " Henry Eckford " was turned over to the Maritime Administration and towed up the James River in Virginia , where she remained in reserve in the National Defense Reserve Fleet as part of the United States Navy ' s James River Reserve Fleet at Lee Hall , Virginia . She was struck from the Navy List on 10 November 1997 , and her title was transferred to the Maritime Administration on 2 February 1998 . She and " Benjamin Isherwood " were the only units of the 18 - ship " Henry J . Kaiser " class not to be completed . Scrapping . On 19 July 2011 , " Henry Eckford " departed for Brownsville , Texas , to be recycled by International Shipbreaking Limited .
Winchester 1895 The Winchester 1895 was a lever - action rifle made by the designer John Browning in 1895 as a hunting rifle , it was very popular in the end of the XIX century . Description . The Winchester 1895 rifle has been developed by famous designer John Moses Browning as a hunting rifle , capable to safely handle long and powerful rifle ammunition , unsuitable for earlier Winchester lever - action rifles . Of about 426 thousands of M1895 rifles , made by Winchester between 1895 and 1931 , about 300 thousands were made on Russian military contract between 1915 and 1917 . Of those , about 293 000 rifles reached the Russia before the revolution broke out . Small numbers of Winchester 1895 rifles , chambered for . 30 - 40 Krag ammunition and fitted into military - type stocks , also were acquired between the 1897 - 98 and used by US forces during the Spanish - American War . Compared to contemporary military - type bolt action rifles , Winchester M1895 rifles were slightly faster to operate , thanks to its lever - action system ; in Russian pattern these rifles also were fitted with clip guides , which allowed for faster reloading . On the other hand , M1895 rifles were more sensitive to fouling and dirt , than the mosin 1891 or mauser 1898 , and the lever action was less comfortable to operate when firing from prone position , so typical for XX century warfare The Winchester M1895 is a lever action , magazine fed rifle . The horizontally sliding bolt is locked to the receiver by the vertically sliding locking piece , which slides in the receiver grooves up to lock the bolt and down to unlock it . The bolt is locked at its rear , just behind he magazine , but the action is strong enough to safely handle such powerful cartridges as . 30 - 06 or . 405 WCF . Movement of the bolt is controlled by the manually operated lever . The interesting feature of the M1895 design is that the trigger is disconnected from internal lockwork during the reloading cycle - a useful safety feature . External hammer also provided additional visual control of the state of the rifle . The box magazine held five or six cartridges in single column , and was loaded through the top opening in the receiver ; spent cartridges also were ejected to the top . All M1895 rifles except the Russian - contract ones were loaded with single rounds ; Russian - contract rifles were fitted with clip guides , and accepted standard stripper clips from Russian mosin 1891 . Military - type rifles were fitted with long stocks with straight grips and short forends , as well as bayonet lugs and sling swivels . Commercial rifles were available with various styles and grades of stocks . Most M1895 rifles were witted wit open tangent rear sights and unprotected blade front sights .
Menes of Pella Menes of Pella ( Greek : ) , son of Dionysius , was one of the officers of Alexander the Great ; and after the Battle of Issus ( 333 BC ) was admitted by the king into the number of his somatophylakes , in the place of Balacrus , who was promoted to the satrapy of Cilicia . In 331 BC , after Alexander had occupied Susa , he sent Menes down to the Mediterranean to take the government of Syria , Phoenicia , and Cilicia , entrusting him at the same time with 3000 talents , a portion of which he was to transmit to Antipater for his war with the Lacedaemonian s . Apollodorus of Amphipolis was joined with him in this command .
115th Indian Infantry Brigade The 115th Indian Infantry Brigade is an infantry formation of the Indian Army . It was initially formed during World War II , in September 1943 , as a training brigade of the 39th Indian Infantry Division . Its composition included the 14th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion , the 38th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion , the 56th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion , and the 710th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion . In 1971 it was part of the 36th Division . In the late 1980s the brigade took part in the Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka . As of 2001 , the brigade , as part of the reformed 36th Division , a Reorganised Army Plains Infantry Division ( RAPID ) , was located at Dhana .
Battle of Melitene In the Battle of Melitene in 1100 , a Crusader force led by Bohemond I of Antioch was defeated by Danishmend Turks commanded by Malik Ghazi Gumushtekin . After acquiring the Principality of Antioch in 1098 , Bohemond allied himself with the Armenians of Cilicia . When Gabriel of Melitene and his Armenian garrison came under attack from the Danishmend state to their north , Bohemond marched to their relief with a Frankish force . Malik Ghazi ' s Danishmends ambushed the expedition and " most of the Crusaders were killed . " Bohemond was captured along with Richard of Salerno . Among the dead were the Armenian bishops of Marash and Antioch . Bohemond was held for ransom until 1103 , and his rescue became the object of one column of the ill - fated Crusade of 1101 . This battle ended the string of victories enjoyed by the participants of the First Crusade . Baldwin , Count of Edessa and later king of Jerusalem , successfully relieved Melitene afterward . However , the Danishmends seized the town in 1101 .
Battle of Paducah The Battle of Paducah was fought on March 25 , 1864 , during the American Civil War . A Confederate force led by Maj . Gen . Nathan Bedford Forrest launched a successful raid on Paducah , Kentucky , to capture supplies . In March 1864 , Forrest set out from Columbus , Mississippi , into West Tennessee and Kentucky with a force of fewer than 3 , 000 men . Their object was to recruit soldiers , reoutfit their force with supplies , and disrupt Union activities . They arrived in Paducah , Kentucky , on March 25 and quickly occupied the town . The Union garrison of 650 men under the command of Col . Stephen G . Hicks retired to Fort Anderson in the town ' s west end . Hicks had support from two gunboats on the Ohio River and refused to surrender , while shelling the area with his artillery . There , on that day , Forrest unsuccessfully demanded Hicks ' surrender : which Hicks courteously declined . Most of Forrest ’ s command destroyed unwanted supplies , loaded what they wanted , and rounded up horses and mules . A small segment of Forrest ' s command assaulted Fort Anderson and was repulsed , suffering heavy casualties . Soon afterwards , Forrest ' s men withdrew . In reporting the raid on the town , many newspapers stated that Forrest had not found the more than a hundred fine horses hidden from the raid . As a result , one of Forrest ’ s subordinate officers , Abraham Buford , led a force back into Paducah in mid - April and seized the infamous horses . Casualties were 90 Union , 50 Confederate . Although this was a Confederate victory , other than the destruction of supplies and capture of animals , no lasting results occurred . It did , however , warn the Federals that Forrest , or someone like him , could strike anywhere at any time . The non - commissioned officer in charge of the supplies for the 16th Ky Cavalry , encamped at this time in Paducah , was Quartermaster Sgt . Robert Walker Jump .
Battle of Bapheus The Battle of Bapheus occurred on 27 July 1302 between an Ottoman army under Osman I and a Byzantine army under George Mouzalon . The battle ended in a crucial Ottoman victory , cementing the Ottoman state and heralding the final capture of Byzantine Bithynia by the Turks . According to Halil İnalcık , the Ottomans achieved its characteristics and qualities of state after this battle ( " Bafeus Savaşı " ) near Yalova . Strategic context . Osman I had succeeded in the leadership of his clan in ca . 1282 , and over the next two decades launched a series of ever - deeper raids into the Byzantine borderlands of Bithynia . By 1301 , the Ottomans were besieging Nicaea , the former imperial capital , and harassing Prussa . The Turkish raids also threatened the port city of Nicomedia with famine , as they roamed the countryside and prohibited the collection of the harvest . In the spring 1302 , Emperor Michael IX ( r . 1294 – 1320 ) launched a campaign which reached south up to Magnesia . The Turks , awed by his large army , avoided battle . Michael sought to confront them , but was dissuaded by his generals . The Turks , encouraged , resumed their raids , virtually isolating him at Magnesia . His army dissolved without battle , as the local troops left to defend their homes and the Alans too left to rejoin their families in Thrace . Michael was forced to withdraw by the sea , followed by another wave of refugees . Battle . To counter the threat to Nicomedia , Michael ' s co - emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos ( r . 1282 – 1328 ) sent a Byzantine force of some 2 , 000 men ( half of whom were recently hired Alan mercenaries ) , under the " megas hetaireiarches " George Mouzalon , to cross over the Bosporus and relieve the city . At the plain of Bapheus ( ; an unidentified site , perhaps to the east of Nicomedia but within sight of the city ) on 27 July 1302 , the Byzantines met a Turkish army of some 5 , 000 light cavalry under Osman himself , composed of his own troops as well as allies from the Turkish tribes of Paphlagonia and the Maeander River area . The Turkish cavalry charged the Byzantines , whose Alan contingent notably did not participate in the battle . The Turks broke the Byzantine line , forcing Mouzalon to withdraw into Nicomedia under the cover of the Alan force . Aftermath . Bapheus was the first major victory for the nascent Ottoman Beylik , and of major significance for its future expansion : the Byzantines effectively lost control of the countryside of Bithynia , withdrawing to their forts , which , isolated , fell one by one . The Byzantine defeat also sparked a massive exodus of the Christian population from the area into the European parts of the Empire , further altering the region ' s demographic balance . Coupled with the disaster of Magnesia , which allowed the Turks to reach and establish themselves on the coasts of the Aegean Sea , Bapheus thus heralded the final loss of Asia Minor for Byzantium . The Ottoman conquest of Bithynia was nonetheless gradual , and the last Byzantine outpost there , Nicomedia , fell only in 1337 .
Chen - 1 bottom mine The Sinking - 1 ( 沉 - 1 , or Chen - 1 ) naval mine is the fourth type of naval mine entering Chinese service in 1966 . It is a bottom mine jointly developed by the 710th research institute , the 152nd Factory and Fengxi Machinery Factory ( 汾西机器厂 ) , and it was the first Chinese naval mine utilizing an acoustic fuse .
Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944 Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944 is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line January 1944 during the period generally known as the First Battle of Monte Cassino . Allied Armies in Italy . U . S . Fifth Army . Commander : German Army Group C . Commander : Sources . < br >
James E . Mahoney James Edward Mahoney ( December 15 , 1858 - June 9 , 1926 ) was an American officer born in Peabody , Massachusetts and serving in the United States Marine Corps during the Spanish - American War who was one of 23 Marine Corps officers approved to receive the Marine Corps Brevet Medal for bravery . He graduated from the US Naval Academy in 1881 . He subsequently served in Panama , Vera Cruz , Mexico , an in Cuba . After promotion to temporary rank of Brigadier General , he retired as a Colonel of Marines in 1919 . Presidential citation . Citation : Secretary of the Navy citation . Citation
7th Air Division The 7th Air Division ( 7 AD ) served the United States Air Force with distinction from early 1944 through early 1992 , earning an outstanding unit decoration and a service streamer along the way . The division provided air defense of the Hawaiian Islands April 1944 – September 1948 . In 1951 as part of the Strategic Air Command , the division controlled deployed bombardment and reconnaissance forces between 1951 and 1965 . It participated in alerts , exercises , operational readiness inspections , evaluations , and intensive training programs to provide an advanced combat ready force . It also assumed responsibility for air base construction and improvement , which included building complexes to accommodate bombers , fighters , and special functions such as communications , weapons storage , aircraft parts , and navigational aids . From 1978 , the division was activated in Europe to provide command and control for SAC units assigned to USAFE , primarily air refueling and reconnaissance organizations , but also ground support units such as the 3920th Strategic Wing . It assured that assigned units trained to conduct strategic warfare according to the Emergency War Order . It also assured that assigned units could conduct strategic reconnaissance and air refueling and function as the nucleus of a SAC advanced echelon in event of contingency operations . History . Components . Wings Groups Squadrons After activation on 1 July 1978 , the division controlled aircraft such as the : KC - 135 Stratotanker , B - 52 Stratofortress , RC - 135V / W Rivet Joint , SR - 71 Blackbird , and U - 2 Dragon Lady .
Office of the Secretary of Homeland Security Identification Badge The Office of the Secretary of Homeland Security Identification Badge is a military badge of the United States Coast Guard issued by the Department of Homeland Security to military members assigned to the Secretary ' s personal staff . The badge can only be issued following recommendation by the DHS Military Advisor and approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security .
Axel Westermark Axel Westermark ( April 8 , 1875 – May 7 , 1911 ) was an American sailor serving in the United States Navy during the Boxer Rebellion who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Westermark was born April 8 , 1875 in Finland , and after entering the navy he was sent as an Seaman to China to fight in the Boxer Rebellion . He died May 7 , 1911 in California and is buried in San Francisco National Cemetery San Francisco , California . His grave can be found in section A , grave 32 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Seaman , U . S . Navy . Born : 8 April 1875 , Finland . Accredited to : California . G . O . No . : 55 , 19 July 1901 . Citation : In the presence of the enemy during the battle of Peking , China , 28 June to 17 August 1900 . Throughout this period , Westermark distinguished himself by meritorious conduct .
Sir William Montgomery - Cuninghame , 9th Baronet Sir William James Montgomery - Cuninghame , 9th Baronet VC ( 20 May 1834 – 11 November 1897 ) was a Scottish soldier , politician and Victoria Cross recipient . Crimean War . Montgomery - Cuninghame served in the Crimean War as a Lieutenant in the 1st Battalion , The Rifle Brigade ( Prince Consort ' s Own ) . On 20 November 1854 at Sebastopol , the Crimea , he , with another lieutenant ( Claud Thomas Bourchier ) was with a party detailed to drive the Russians from some rifle pits . Advancing on the pits after dark they launched a surprise attack and drove the Russian riflemen from their cover , but in the fierce fighting which ensued the officer in command of the party was killed . The two lieutenants , however , maintained their advantage , withstood all attacks from the enemy during the night and held the position until relieved next day . For their actions they were subsequently awarded the Victoria Cross . Montgomery - Cuninghame later achieved the rank of Colonel . Political career . Montgomery - Cuninghame sat as Member of Parliament for Ayr Burghs from 1874 to 1880 . He died in November 1897 , aged 63 . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum , Winchester , England .
Navy – Merchant Marine Memorial The Navy - Merchant Marine Memorial , located in Lady Bird Johnson Park on Columbia Island in Washington , D . C . , is a monument honoring sailors of the United States Navy and the United States Merchant Marine who died at sea during World War I . It was designed in 1922 by Harvey Wiley Corbett and sculpted by Ernesto Begni del Piatta . It was dedicated on October 18 , 1934 . Nicknamed " Waves and Gulls , " the memorial depicts seven seagulls above the crest of a wave . It is cast from aluminum and the base is made of green granite ( the base was originally concrete but replaced by the Works Progress Administration in 1940 ) . It stands 35 feet ( 10 . 6 m ) tall and 30 feet ( 9 . 1 m ) wide . The memorial reads :
USS Squando ( 1865 ) USS " Squando " was a " Casco " class light draft monitor built during the American Civil War for operation in the shallow inland waters of the Confederacy . She was built by McKay & Aldus at East Boston , Massachusetts . Operational history . While " Squando " was still on the ways under construction , the launching of on 5 May 1864 revealed that the displacement of the " Casco " class monitor had been miscalculated ; and that , as a result , she had too little freeboard to be seaworthy . The Navy attempted to correct this defect in other " Casco " - class monitors by making various changes in the unfinished ships . In the case of " Squando " , on 24 June 1864 , Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles ordered the contractor to raise the monitor ' s deck 22 inches to give her sufficient freeboard for safe coastal operations . Her turret and pilot house were installed as originally planned . The ship was launched on 6 January 1865 , and work on her was completed on 30 March . She was delivered to the Navy at the Boston Navy Yard on 5 April , and she was commissioned there on 6 June 1865 , Acting Master George H . Leinas in command . After being fitted out at Boston and New York , the monitor departed New York harbor on 30 July 1865 and proceeded to Charleston , South Carolina , for service in the North Atlantic Squadron . Following duty in that historic South Carolina harbor , encouraging the return of stability to the still uneasy birthplace of the Confederacy , " Squando " returned north in May 1866 . She was decommissioned on 26 May 1866 and laid up at League Island , Pennsylvania . While in reserve , the ship was renamed " Erebus " on 15 June 1869 , but she resumed the name " Squando " on 10 August of the same year . The monitor was broken up at League Island in 1874 .
James Carmichael ( engineer ) Lieutenant - Colonel Sir James Forrest Halkett Carmichael CMG CBE ( 8 July 1868 – 12 August 1934 ) was a British Army officer , engineer and colonial administrator . Carmichael was the son of an Indian civil servant . He was educated at Clifton College and the Royal Military Academy , Woolwich , and was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in 1887 . He was promoted Captain in 1898 , Major in 1906 , and Brevet Lieutenant - Colonel in 1919 . From 1889 to 1900 he served abroad , successively in India , Aden , Somaliland and Burma . From 1900 to 1904 he served in the office of the Inspector - General of Fortifications at the War Office in London and with the Ordnance Survey . In 1904 he retired from the Army and was appointed Head of the Engineering and Works Department of the Crown Agents for the Colonies . During the First World War he rejoined the Army and served on the Armaments Output Committee at the War Office , and later as personal assistant for metals to the Director of Materials at the Ministry of Munitions and then as Assistant Director of Munitions Supply and on the High Speed Steel Committee . After the war he returned to his post at the Crown Agents , later being promoted to Chief Engineer . In 1921 he was appointed one of the Crown Agents , retiring in 1932 . Carmichael was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in 1918 and Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George ( CMG ) in the 1920 New Year Honours , and was knighted in the 1929 New Year Honours . He was also a claimant to the Earldom of Hyndford .