naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
German submarine U - 211 German submarine " U - 211 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 29 March 1941 by the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft yard at Kiel as ' werk ' 640 , launched on 15 January 1942 and commissioned on 7 March under the command of " Korvettenkapitän " Karl Hause . A member of eight wolfpack s , she sank one warship of 1 , 350 tons and damaged three commercial vessels totalling in five patrols . She was sunk on 19 November 1943 by a British aircraft in the North Atlantic . 54 men died ; there were no survivors . Operational career . 1st patrol . Having moved to Bergen via Arendal in Norway in August 1942 , " U - 211 " s first patrol began from the larger Nordic port on 26 August . Her route took her through the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and into the Atlantic Ocean . On 12 September , she damaged the " Empire Moonbeam " southwest of Cape Clear , ( southern Ireland ) with one torpedo and the " Hektoria " with two . Her next victim was the " Esso Williamsburg " which was damaged on the 23rd about south of Cape Farewell ( Greenland ) . This ship had already been unsuccessfully attacked the previous day . She was eventually sunk by " U - 254 " on 3 October . There were no survivors . " U - 211 " arrived at Brest in occupied France on 7 October 1942 . 2nd patrol . The boat left Brest for her second foray on 11 November 1942 . On 17 December she sank a British destroyer , HMS " Firedrake " in mid - Atlantic . The ship broke into two pieces on being hit ; the bow sank immediately , but the stern remained afloat for some hours . There were 26 survivors out of a ships ' company of 196 . The submarine returned to Brest on 29 December . 3rd patrol . All was well on the boat ' s third sortie until 20 February 1943 when she was attacked by a US B - 24 Liberator west of the Bay of Biscay . The aircraft dropped six depth charge s , causing enough damage to bring the patrol to a premature end . 4th patrol . This time it was the turn of the Royal Air Force . While still outbound , an Armstrong Whitworth Whitley of No . 10 Squadron dropped three depth charges north of Finisterre in Spain on 15 May 1943 - the damage was not so great . Having left Brest on the 10th , " U - 211 " returned on 16 July . 5th patrol and loss . " U - 211 " moved from Brest to Lorient in September 1943 . On 11 October , she began what would turn out to be her final outing . After a lot of to - ing and fro - ing west of Portugal , she was sunk by depth charges from a British Vickers Wellington of 179 Squadron east of the Azores . 54 men died ; there were no survivors .
SM U - 166 SM U - 166 was one of the 329 submarine s serving in the Imperial German Navy . She was a Type Mittel U submarine , launched in 1918 . She was engaged in the naval warfare of World War I and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic . She surrendered on 21 March 1919 and became the French submarine Jean Roulier until 24 July 1935 . U - 166 was broken up .
HMS Nile ( 1839 ) HMS " Nile " was a two - deck 90 - gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 28 June 1839 at Plymouth Dockyard . In 1854 " Nile " was fitted with screw propulsion . In 1876 the ship was renamed HMS " Conway " and served as a training ship at Liverpool . The ship was wrecked while under tow through the Menai Strait in 1953 ; a fire in 1956 then destroyed her . One may still find nails and timber at the site .
SSK ( hull classification symbol ) SSK was the United States Navy hull classification symbol for a diesel - electric submarine specialized for anti - submarine duties . SS indicated that the vessel was a submarine , and the K suffix that it was a hunter - killer . The United States Navy does not currently operate any submarines of this type , and so the designation is inactive . The start of the Cold War in the mid - 1940s and the threat of Soviet submarines in the Atlantic led several Western navies to build or adapt submarines to specialize in hunting other submarines . The changes included streamlining to make them quieter and improved acoustic sensors . This type of vessel was given the classification SSK in United States service . The changes were eventually incorporated into all submarines , allowing the SSK role to be subsumed into the regular attack submarine role and the classification became obsolete . The only purpose - built ones were the three " Barracuda " - class : These were small submarines equipped with enhanced hydrophones and designed to lie in wait for Soviet submarines off the Russian coast . They were designed to be cheaply built for easy mass - production in the event of a war , and were all reclassified as SS or SST boats in 1959 when they were relegated to training duties . Seven World War II submarines were also given the SSK classification in the late 1940s following streamlining and sensor upgrades . These were : Current uses . The Canadian navy operates diesel electric hunter - killer submarines and uses this hull classification , for example the Canadian HMCS " Victoria " ( SSK 876 ) . The term SSK term is sometimes currently used to indicate a diesel - electric patrol submarine .
USS Varuna ( 1861 ) USS " Varuna " ( 1861 ) was a heavy ( 1 , 300 ton ) steam - powered ship acquired by the Union Navy during the early days of the American Civil War . She was outfitted with powerful 8 - inch guns and assigned , as a gunboat , to the Union blockade of the waterways of the Confederate States of America . Built in Connecticut . " Varuna " , the first U . S . Navy ship to bear the name , was originally intended for merchant service between New York City and New Orleans , Louisiana . She was laid down in late January or early February 1861 at the Mallory Yard , Mystic , Connecticut ; launched there in the following September ; and purchased by the Navy at New York City on 31 December of that same year . Civil War service . Joining the Union blockade . On 10 February 1862 , she was ordered to remain in New York until " Monitor " was ready for action so that she might escort the new ironclad from New York to Hampton Roads , Virginia , to protect the wooden - hulled Union blockaders there from the Southern armored ram , CSS " Virginia " . However , these orders were revoked later that same day ; and " Varuna " was assigned to the newly established West Gulf Blockading Squadron . En route south late in February , " Varuna " put into Port Royal , South Carolina , for repairs , where the ship ' s commanding officer , Commander Charles S . Boggs , assumed temporary command of the harbor on 24 February during Flag Officer Samuel F . Du Pont ' s absence . The gunboat finally joined Rear Admiral David G . Farragut ' s West Gulf Blockading Squadron on 6 March . Mississippi River operations . On 24 April 1862 , " Varuna " was with the squadron during Farragut ' s daring nighttime dash past Confederate works guarding the Mississippi below New Orleans – Fort Jackson and Fort St . Philip . Varuna sunk in action . At the height of the melee , " Varuna " was rammed twice by the steamer CSS " Governor Moore " and struck twice again immediately thereafter by the cottonclad ram CSS " Stonewall Jackson " . After striking " Varuna " , Lt . Beverly Kennon , CSN in command of one of the Confederate warships , " Governor Moore " – found himself unable to depress his guns far enough to fire upon the Union vessel ; and so he shot through the bow of his own ship and used the resulting hole as a gun port . Although fatally damaged , " Varuna " backed off from the Confederate vessels and continued to subject them to a withering fire until rising water silenced her guns . Eight sailors of the " Varuna " received the Medal of Honor for their actions during the battle : Seaman Thomas Bourne , Landsman Amos Bradley , Captain of the Forecastle John Greene , Third Class Boy George Hollat , Seaman William Martin , Quartermaster John McGowan , Coxswain William McKnight , and Second Class Boy Oscar E . Peck . " Varuna " honored with a poem . Rear Admiral Farragut ' s stunning victory at and subsequent capture of New Orleans itself electrified the North . " Varuna ' s " part in the Union triumph was soon commemorated in George Henry Boker ' s poem , " The Varuna " , which appeared in the " Philadelphia Press " on 12 May .
MV Liberty Sun MV " Liberty Sun " is a ship unsuccessfully attacked by Somali pirates on 14 April 2009 . After unloading food aid at Port Sudan , she was proceeding to Mombasa with humanitarian aid , when she was attacked by pirates armed with AK - 47 s and rocket - propelled grenade s . After successfully avoiding being boarded , she was assisted by . The French frigate Nivôse captured 11 of the pirates who had attacked " Liberty Sun " . The " Bainbridge " had on board Captain Richard Phillips of the Maersk Alabama hijacking , shortly after he had been freed in an operation which left three pirates dead and one captured . One of the pirates , Abdi Garad , told AFP news agency they had intended to destroy the ship and its crew . " The aim of this attack was totally different . We were not after a ransom . We also assigned a team with special equipment to chase and destroy any ship flying the American flag in retaliation for the brutal killing of our friends . " Chief Mate Bill Kenneweg recorded video of part of the assault .
Direct Attack Guided Rocket The Direct Attack Guided Rocket ( DAGR ) is a weapons system under development by Lockheed Martin . The program goal is to provide a low cost 2 . 75 inch ( 70 mm ) precision guided rocket which is compatible with existing Hellfire II systems and launchers in service . The system will use components from the existing Hydra 70 rocket , but differs from other upgrades to the Hydra 70 such as APKWS and LOGIR in that it is designed to be plug - and - play compatible with the Hellfire missile and use the M299 Hellfire launcher , increasing the load - out by up to four times . DAGR also offers a lock - on before launch capability that is not compatible with the electronics in existing Hydra 70 launchers . Export . Following the Royal Jordanian Air Force ' s purchase of Boeing AH - 6 helicopters , Lockheed offered to equip them with DAGRs .
25 Flight Army Air Corps 25 Flight Army Air Corps is one of the Independent Flights within the British Army ' s Army Air Corps . Was based in Belize , it supports the British Army Training and Support Unit , Belize which facilitates jungle warfare training and infantry training exercises . The flight ' s primary role is to provide Forward Aeromedical Evacuation ( FAME ) cover when exercising troops are engaged in training in the remote locations within Belize . The secondary role to provide FAME cover for civilian casualties within Belize , ceased in August 2010 . Withdrawn from Belize in 2011 . In 2013 the Flight deployed with the Bell 212 to Kenya in support of the British Army Training Unit Kenya ( BATUK ) . Aircraft now used are Bell 212 helicopter , having replaced Lynx AH7 helicopter which in turn replaced the Gazelle AH Mk1 helicopter .
Vercassivellaunos Vercassivellaunos ( ? - 52BC ) was a Gaulish commander of the Arverni who led a relief force to assist Vercingetorix at the Battle of Alesia . He was a cousin of Vercingetorix . Sedullos , chief of the Lemovices , joined his force with 10 , 000 men and was killed at the battle .
Roger C . Poole Brigadier General ( Retired - United States Army Reserve ) Roger " Cliff " Clifton Poole ( born December 31 , 1936 ) , was the nineteenth and twenty - first President of The Citadel ( military college ) , serving both times in an interim status . BG Poole ' s first term was for school year 1996 - 1997 ; he completed his second term in 2005 - 06 . BG Poole is brevet Major General in the Unorganized Militia of South Carolina ( UMSC ) and a Doctor of Finance ( Ph . D . ) . Dr . Poole was born in Fayetteville , NC . He received his B . A . from The Citadel in 1959 , then continued his education at the University of South Carolina , receiving his M . B . A . ( 1962 ) and Ph . D . ( 1974 ) at that school . Dr . Poole also did a post - doctoral study in international finance at the London School of Economics . Dr . Poole served as Dean of E . Claiborne Robins School of Business at the University of Richmond , Virginia . He joined University of Richmond in 1975 as assistant professor , and later became a full professor and served as interim dean and associate dean of the graduate business school on two occasions . Dr . Poole ' s reputation has twice earned him the Distinguished Educator Award from the University of Richmond . He joined The Citadel as Vice President for Academic Affairs and Dean of the College in July 1993 , and served as the interim president for the academic year 1996 - 97 . He also teaches business finance in the School of Business .
T - Gewehr First anti - tank weapon , the T - Gewehr or Mauser 1918 was created as an emergency in 1918 to address the threat of armored allies . It was based on the standard rifle of the German army the Mauser K98 , but shooting just individual shots , penetrating shields and destroying the vehicle by the kinetic energy only . 16 000 were made at the end of the war .
Ruthin Castle Ruthin Castle is a medieval castle fortification in Wales , near the town of Ruthin in the Vale of Clwyd . It was constructed during the late 13th century by Dafydd , the brother of Prince Llywelyn II , on a red sandstone ridge overlooking the valley . The castle was most notably the base of that branch of the noble de Grey family accorded the title " Barons Grey de Ruthyn " and the head of their marcher lord ship of Dyffryn Clwyd . It was a base for Reginald Grey , 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn – the man who could be said to have sparked the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr . During the English Civil War Oliver Cromwell ' s forces dismantled and demolished the castle , in a process of organised defortification called slighting , to prevent the castle ' s becoming militarily viable in the future . In 1923 the castle became Britain ' s first private hospital for the investigation and treatment of obscure internal diseases . Since the 1960s the castle remains have been incorporated into a hotel .
Kosmos 2426 Kosmos 2426 ( meaning " Cosmos 2426 " ) is one of a set of three Russia n military satellites launched in 2006 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system . It was launched with Kosmos 2424 and Kosmos 2425 . This satellite is a GLONASS - M satellite , also known as Uragan - M , and is numbered Uragan - M No . 717 . Kosmos 2424 / 5 / 6 were launched from Site 81 / 24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 20 : 18 UTC on 25 December 2006 . The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2006 - 062B . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 29671 . It is in the second orbital plane in orbital slot 10 . It started operations on 3 April 2007 .
Oliver O ' Brien Oliver Albert O ' Brien ( 1839 – October 1 , 1894 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions during the capture of a blockade runner . Born in 1839 in Boston , O ' Brien was still living in that city when he joined the Navy . He served during the Civil War as a coxswain on the . On November 28 , 1864 , he was involved in the capture of the blockade runner " Beatrice " off Sullivan ' s Island in Charleston Harbor . O ' Brien commanded one of the launches which approached and boarded the ship despite heavy fire from the Confederate Fort Moultrie . " Beatrice ' s " equipment was then confiscated and the ship set afire . For these actions , O ' Brien was awarded the Medal of Honor a month later on December 31 , 1864 . O ' Brien ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Served as coxswain on board the U . S . Sloop " John Adams " , Sullivan ' s Island Channel , 28 November 1864 . Taking part in the boarding of the blockade runner " Beatrice " while under heavy enemy fire from Fort Moultrie , O ' Brien , who was in charge of one of the boarding launches , carried out his duties with prompt and energetic conduct . This action resulted in the firing of the " Beatrice " and the capture of a quantity of supplies from her . O ' Brien was promoted to acting master ' s mate before leaving the Navy . He died on October 1 , 1894 , at age 54 or 55 and was buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Gloucester , Massachusetts .
Podpraporshchik Podpraporshchik ( Sub - Praporshchik or Junior - praporshchik ) was a Russia n non - commissioned rank , originally below the Sergeant and Feldwebel . From 1826 to 1884 it became the highest non - commissioned rank of the infantry , cavalry , and Leib Guard . From 1884 , podpraporshchik ranked below the newly introduced NCO - grade Zauryad - praporshchik ( Deputy Ensign ) .
Edward Grahame Johnstone Lieutenant Edward Grahame Johnstone ( born 6 May 1899 , date of death unknown ) was a World War I flying ace credited with 17 aerial victories . He joined the Royal Naval Air Service on his 18th birthday , 6 May 1917 . After training with No . 12 Naval Squadron , he was assigned to fly Sopwith Camel s for No . 8 Naval Squadron ( which became No . 208 Squadron RAF ) . He scored his first triumph on 6 December 1917 , followed by 16 more over the next eight months . His final tally was four enemy airplanes destroyed , three of which were shared with other British pilots , and thirteen driven down out of control , eight of which were shared . Honours and awards . Distinguished Service Cross ( DSC ) Flt . Sub - Lieut . Edward Grahame Johnstone , R . N . A . S . For the pluck and determination shown by him in engaging enemy aircraft . On 19 January 1918 , he attacked five Albatross scouts , and engaged one , nose on , opening fire at 75 yards range . The enemy aircraft turned on its side and spun . He followed , and engaged again at 30 yards range . The enemy aircraft went down completely out of control . Later in the day , in a general engagement with fourteen Albatross scouts , he followed one down to 8 , 000 feet , firing all the time . This is confirmed by other pilots of the patrol to have fallen completely out of control . On several other occasions he has destroyed enemy machines or brought them down completely out of control .
Stalag 133 Frontstalag 133 was a temporary German prisoner of war camp during World War II located near Rennes , northern France . It operated from late 1940 to October 1943 . It housed prisoners from French Colonial Forces . About 200 of the captured British Commando troops from the St . Nazaire Raid were taken there , then sent on to other camps in Germany .
Sagarika ( missile ) K - 15 " Sagarika " ( Sanskrit : सागरिका , Sāgarikā " Oceanic " ) is a nuclear - capable submarine - launched ballistic missile with a range of . It belongs to the K Missile family and forms a part of India ' s nuclear triad , and will provide retaliatory nuclear strike capability . Development . Development of the K - 15 missile started in the late 1990s with the goal of building a submarine - launched ballistic missile for use with the Indian Navy nuclear - powered Arihant class submarine s . Sagarika has a length of , diameter of , weighs 17 tonnes and can carry a payload of up to over . It was developed at the DRDO ’ s missile complex in Hyderabad . The development of the underwater missile launcher , known as Project 420 , was completed in 2001 and handed over to the Indian Navy for trials . The missile launcher is developed at Hazira in Gujarat . The Sagarika missile began integration with India ' s nuclear - powered Arihant class submarine that began harbor trials on the 26 July 2009 . By 2008 , the missile was successfully test fired seven times , and tested to its full range up to four times . The tests of February 26 , 2008 , were conducted from a submerged pontoon beneath the surface off the coast of Visakhapatnam . A land - based version of the K - 15 Sagarika was successfully test - fired on November 12 , 2008 . A full range test of the missile was done on 11 March 2012 . The twelfth and final development trial of the missiles was conducted on 27 January 2013 . According to V . K . Saraswat , the missile was again tested for its full range of 700 km and met all its objectives with a single digit impact - accuracy . The test will be followed by integration of the missile with INS Arihant .
Treaty of Constantinople ( 1590 ) The Treaty of Constantinople also known as Treaty of Ferhat Pasha ( ) was a treaty between Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia ending the Ottoman – Safavid War ( 1578 – 1590 ) and was signed on May 21 , 1590 . War . The war began in Southern Caucasus . At the Battle of Çıldır , the Ottoman army defeated the Persian army and invaded most of South Caucasus . After Ottoman army returned to its main base in Constantinople , however , Persians began to regain some of their former territories . During the next phase , another Ottoman army ( mostly composed of Crimean Tatars ) arrived and Ottomans were able to attack once more . In 1583 after the battle named Battle of Torches ( Ottoman Turkish : مشللر محاربسی ) , so called because the battle continued during night , Ottomans were able to reconquer South Caucasus . During the next six years the only important event was the conquest of Tabriz by the Ottomans . Confronted by other problems ( i . e . , civil wars and the war against Uzbeks ) , Abbas I , the shah of Persia agreed to sign a treaty with unfavorable terms . Treaty . The treaty is known as the Treaty of Constantinople or the treaty of Ferhat pasha . ( Ferhat Pasha was the commander ( ) of Ottoman army ) . According to the treaty , Ottoman Empire kept its gains in the war . These included most of Caucasus ( present day Georgia , Armenia and Azerbaijan ) as well as Tabriz and north - west Iran . Persians also agreed to pay obeisance to religious leaders of Sunni faith . Aftermath . This treaty was a big success for Ottoman empire , for vast areas had been annexed . However , it was not long lasting . Abbas I after solving problems at home , waited for a suitable moment to regain his former possessions . When Ottoman Empire was engaged in Jelali revolts he was able to regain most of his loses which Ottoman Empire had to accept in the treaty of Nasuh Pasha , 22 years after the treaty of Ferhat Pasha .
120th Infantry Brigade ( United States ) The 120th Infantry Brigade is an AC / RC unit based at Fort Hood , Texas . The unit falls under command of First Army , Division West and is responsible for training selected United States Army Reserve & National Guard units in Texas & the South - Western U . S . History . During World War II , Headquarters , 12th Armored Group was attached to the 9th Armored Division to reinforce Combat Command R . The unit participated in the Siege of Bastogne under the command of the 101st Airborne Division and received the Presidential Unit Citation for participation in that battle . The unit was formerly designated as 2nd Brigade , 75th Infantry Division . The brigade is a subordinate unit of U . S . First Army In 2006 , as part of the Army ' s Transformation Plan , the 2nd Brigade , 75th Division was reflagged as the 120th Infantry Brigade . In September 2008 , the unit was relocated from Fort Sam Houston to Fort Hood , TX . Organization . The unit is composed of :