naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
2010 Chinese anti - ballistic missile test The People ' s Republic of China carried out a land - based high - altitude anti - ballistic missile test on 11 January 2010 . This reportedly made China the second country in the world after the United States of America to be able to destroy an incoming missile target beyond the Earth ' s atmosphere . Possible purpose . The test came just after an American official announced in Taipei that The Pentagon had just approved the sale of the MIM - 104 Patriot missile system to Taiwan . In fact , the sale was part of a deal passed by the United States Congress more than a year before . Beijing considers Taiwan to be part of its territory , and its Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Defense had voiced its strong opposition to these sales . Observers and analysts think the test was a response to the deal , and showed Beijing ' s stance on the issue . However , some others believe this test was routine , because an article appeared in the PLA Daily as early as on November 12 , 2009 claiming that a new type of Chinese missile provided anti - ballistic missile capability and would go to further tests . Recently , the statements from Zhu Zhuhua ( 朱祝华 ) , a director of the People ' s Liberation Army Air Force Furnishment Research Institute ( 解放军空军装备研究院 ) supported the claim . Based on this analysis , the test was coincidental to Taiwan ' s weapon deal . Basic information . The flight of Intercontinental ballistic missile s has three stages in air , the boost phase ( the 1st phase ) , the mid - course phase ( the 2nd phase ) , and the final reentry phase ( also known as terminal phase ) . The Chinese test targeted on the mid - course phase when the target was out of the atmosphere . The test was said to be successful . The full name of the test is called the " Test of the Land - based Mid - course Phase Anti - ballistic Missile Interception Technology " ( simplified Chinese : 陆基中段反导拦截技术试验 ) . However , the exact launch sites and types of these two missiles are not clarified in Chinese news . According to The Pentagon , Beijing did not inform the test in advance . And the statement " " We detected two geographically separated missile launch events with an exo - atmospheric collision also being observed by space - based sensors " " , by The Pentagon spokeswoman Major Maureen Schumann , also proves the profile and results of the test . See also . Some related concepts : Organizations : Some recent tests :
Soviet partisan united formation 1941 – 44 Soviet partisan united formation ( 1941 — 1944 ) ( united formation ) , also called military - operational group or centre ( ) , was one of the organisational forms of the Soviet partisan units , which united at least several of the smaller partisan units : partisan brigades or regiments or detachments and were to conduct the wide - scaled and center - coordinated military operations in the German rear . On the territory of BSSR about 40 such units had been formed in 1941 — 1944 , mostly in 1943 . Units of that kind were organised by the Soviet ruling bodies of the higher level and commanded usually by the local Communist leaders or by the higher Red Army officers . Managed by the staffs of the respective united formations .
Baton Rouge National Cemetery Baton Rouge National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in East Baton Rouge Parish , in the city of Baton Rouge , Louisiana . It encompasses , and as of the end of 2005 , had 5 , 459 interments . History . Burials in the cemetery grounds took place as early as 1830 , but the site was predominantly used during the Civil War to bury soldiers who died in Baton Rouge and the surrounding battlefields , including Plaquemine and Camden . It became an official National Cemetery in 1867 , and rewards were given to anyone who reported the grave of a Union soldier , so that his remains could be reinterred in the cemetery . In 1878 two men , Michael and Bernard Jodd , were hired to build a brick wall around the cemetery , but before it was completed , both men contracted yellow fever and died . They were interred in the cemetery and the wall was completed by local laborers .
Roustam Raza Roustam Raza , also known as Roustan or Rustam was Napoleon Bonaparte ' s famous mamluk bodyguard . Roustam was born in Tbilisi , Georgia to Armenian parents . At thirteen Roustam was kidnapped and sold as a slave in Cairo . The Turks gave him the name Idzhahia . The sheikh of Cairo presented him to General Napoleon Bonaparte in 1798 . Roustan served as a bodyguard of Napoleon until 1814 , when the Roustan married Mademoiselle Douville in Dourdan , France and refused to follow the Emperor in his exile to Elba . On 7 December 1845 , Roustam died in Dourdan .
Dornier Do 13 The Dornier Do 13 was a short - lived 1930s German bomber design . It was the designation given to the aircraft resulting from attempts to improve on the Do 11 . However , only a few were made , because the design changes caused grievous problems with many of the first flights ending in crashes . Another redesign ensued resulting in the Do 23 , which would go on to serve in World War II in the Czech branch of the " Luftwaffe " . Do 13s under construction were converted to the Do 23 design .
USS Broadbill ( AM - 58 ) USS " Broadbill " ( AM - 58 ) , was an of the United States Navy , named after the Broadbill , a family of small passerine bird species found in tropical southeast Asia and Africa . " Broadbill " was launched on 21 May 1942 at the Defoe Shipbuilding Company in Bay City , Michigan , sponsored by Mrs . A . Loring Swasey , wife of Captain Swasey . She was commissioned on 13 October 1942 , with Lieutenant Commander J . B . Cleland , Jr . , in command . Service history . 1942 – 1946 . After commissioning , " Broadbill " reported at Boston , Massachusetts to the Commander , Service Force , Atlantic Fleet . Until April 1944 , she escorted convoys between east coast and Gulf coast ports , and made two voyages to the Caribbean . On 11 April 1944 , she got underway for England where she conducted numerous practice sweeps in preparation for the invasion of Normandy . On 5 June 1944 " Broadbill " , as a unit of Mine Squadron 7 , in company with 10 other minesweepers , cleared the approach channel to Utah Beach for fire support ships , and on 6 June , commenced sweeping the actual support area . On 25 June , she helped clear fire support areas off Cherbourg . Operations were continued off England and France until August . She then proceeded to Naples , via Oran , Algeria , and conducted sweeping operations in the Ligurian Sea , Strait of Bonifacio , and around Sardinia and Corsica . Completing this assignment , Mine Squadron 7 arrived at Cavalaire Bay in southern France on 23 August 1944 to clear French harbors and approaches during Operation Dragoon , the invasion of Southern France . On 28 May 1945 , " Broadbill " , in company with Mine Division 21 , departed for Norfolk , Virginia , where she underwent repairs until 30 August 1945 . On 17 September 1945 , in company with Service Squadron 5 , " Broadbill " got underway for San Pedro , California . She was subsequently ordered to Astoria , Oregon , arriving on 7 December for pre - inactivation overhaul . " Broadbill " went out of commission in reserve at San Diego on 3 June 1946 . 1952 – 1954 . Recommissioned on 19 March 1952 , " Broadbill " operated off the California coast until 27 June 1952 . She then sailed to Charleston , South Carolina , arriving there on 15 July . During the remainder of 1952 , she operated out of Charleston and conducted one Caribbean training cruise . In January 1953 , she proceeded to the Mediterranean for a cruise with the 6th Fleet , returning to Charleston on 21 May 1953 . She conducted routine operations off the Atlantic coast until August , when she reported for inactivation overhaul . " Broadbill " was placed out of commission in reserve on 25 January 1954 , berthed at Orange , Texas . She was reclassified MSF - 58 on 7 February 1955 . " Broadbill " was struck from the Navy list on 1 July 1972 , and disposed of by Navy sale on 1 December 1973 .
Letterkenny Munitions Center Letterkenny Munitions Center , located on Letterkenny Army Depot in Franklin County , Pennsylvania , is a satellite activity under Crane Army Ammunition Activity in Crane , Indiana . The center maintains , stores , and demilitarizes tactical missiles and conventional ammunition for the Army , Air Force and Navy . LEMC assembles , disassembles and tests missiles and missile sections and is also responsible for every aspect of conventional ammunition and missiles to include demilitarization , renovation and X - ray . Capabilities . Capabilities of the center include : logistics support ; storage ; non - destructive testing ; missile maintenance ; munitions maintenance and renovation ; and demilitarization . History . Letterkenny Army Depot was established in 1941 as an ammunition and general supply storage depot . In 1961 , its Directorate of Ammunition Operations began supporting Army air defense missiles and Air Force intercept missiles . In 1991 , the Directorate of Ammunition Operations was renamed Letterkenny Munitions Center with command and control transferred to Crane Army Ammunition Activity . LEMC is a tenant on Letterkenny Army Depot . Facilities . LEMC occupies 16 , 000 of Letterkenny ’ s . Its facilities include 13 buildings , of explosive storage space , 902 igloos , 26 rail docks , of railroad , of paved road , and a containerization facility . Environment . Letterkenny was placed on the Environmental Protection Agency ’ s National Priority List ( Superfund ) in 1987 .
Brani Naval Base Brani Naval Base was a former naval facility of the Republic of Singapore Navy , since the relocation of its facilities to Changi Naval Base and Tuas Naval Base in 2000 . The Singapore Police Force ' s Police Coast Guard Headquarters is now located at the old navy premises . Pulau Brani was selected to house the naval base in the early 1970s and work started on 17 August 1972 , with Brigadier Sir Bruce White as the consultant . The entire project cost SGD 35 million and was completed in January 1974 . On 26 January 1974 , former Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew opened the Singapore Maritime Command Naval Base . The naval base had a new wharf and a supply base complex added 1983 at the cost of SGD 16 million . Part of the base was subsequently redeveloped to accommodate the expansion of the adjacent port , and some of the facilities were relocated to the new Tuas Naval Base in 1995 . On 12 October 2000 , the remainder of navy ' s facilities were finally closed . On 23 March 2004 , the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority ' s Coastal Command Headquarters was formally opened by the Minister of Home Affairs , Mr Wong Kan Seng . The Police Coast Guard has since demolished and rebuilt its new headquarters at the old navy premises , which begun operations on 20 March 2006 following the closure of its existing facilities in Kallang Basin . The Police Coast Guard ' s Brani Regional Base was formally opened by the Minister of Home Affairs , Mr Wong Kan Seng on February 8 , 2007 .
Rhode Island World War II Army Airfields During World War II , the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) established one airfield in Rhode Island for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers . The one airfield was under the command of First Air Force or the Army Air Forces Training Command ( AAFTC ) ( A predecessor of the current - day United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command ) . However the other USAAF support commands ( Air Technical Service Command ( ATSC ) ; Air Transport Command ( ATC ) or Troop Carrier Command ) in other states commanded a significant number of airfields in a support roles . It is still possible to find remnants of this airfield . The one airfield was converted into a municipal airport , instead of returned to agriculture or being retained as a United States Air Force installation as could have been a front - line bases during the Cold War . There is the possibility that a few of the temporary buildings that were used survive today , and are being used for other purposes . Major Airfields . First Air Force
222nd Battalion , CEF The 222nd Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Winnipeg , Manitoba , the unit began recruiting in early 1916 throughout the province . After sailing to England in November 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 19th Reserve Battalion on January 2 , 1917 . The 222nd Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . W . O . Smyth . This battalion is perpetuated by the Royal Winnipeg Rifles . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Manila massacre The Manila massacre refers to the February 1945 atrocities conducted against Filipino civilians in Manila , Philippines by Japanese troops in the Battle of Manila during World War II . Description . To avoid needless violence and civilian deaths , and to preserve as large a force as possible to continue defensive operations in rural Luzon , Imperial Japanese Army General Tomoyuki Yamashita had insisted on a complete withdrawal of Japanese troops from Manila . However , this was not realized because of objection in imperial headquarters . 10 , 000 marines under Vice Admiral Iwabuchi Sanji remained in Manila along with some IJA stragglers Various credible Western and Eastern sources agree that the death toll was at least 100 , 000 , tallying to around 10 % of the population of the city . The massacre was at its worst in the Battle of Manila , in which the Allies shelled the city of Manila to drive out the Japanese . In this shelling , the city of Manila was totally destroyed . By the time the Japanese were driven out , the city was in ruins , becoming the second most severely damaged Allied capital city during the war , the first being Warsaw in Poland . It is said that during lulls in the battle for control of the city , Japanese troops took out their anger and frustration on the civilians caught in the crossfire . It is said that Japanese troops looted , burned , and brutally executed , tortured , decapitated , and sexually abused women , men and children alike , Red Cross personnel , prisoners of war , and hospital patients . The total of 100 , 000 deaths was counted after the battle , but the actual cause of their death is not known . The Manila massacre was said to be one of several major war crimes committed by the Imperial Japanese Army , as judged by the postwar military tribunal . Although General Yamashita didn ' t recognize any massacres , he was nonetheless judged to be responsible and executed . The Yamashita standard — regarding a commander ' s responsibility for action taken by anyone under his command — is based upon his trial . External links . Catego War II
369th ( Croatian ) Infantry Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 369th ( Croatian ) Infantry Division ( , ) was a so - called ' legionnaire ' division of the Wehrmacht and was formed with about 8 , 500 soldiers recruited from the Independent State of Croatia ( NDH ) commanded by about 3 , 500 German officers , non - commissioned officers and specialists . History . Formation and first battles . It was formed in September 1942 and began assembling and training at Stockerau and Dollersheim in Austria . Apparently established with former members of the legionnaire 369th Reinforced Infantry Regiment , the division attempted to cultivate the heritage of the 42 . Home Guard Infantry Division , which had been known as the Devil ' s Division . Although originally intended for use on the Russian Front , the division did not deploy there and was returned to the NDH in January 1943 due to the need to combat the Partisans in the territory of the NDH . It was also known as the Devil ' s Division ( , ) . Anti - Partisan Operations . As soon as the division returned to the NDH , desertions from the division began to occur . On the day it arrived back from training in Austria , an average of 25 men were absent without leave from each company of the division . There were a range of factors encouraging desertion , including reverses suffered by the Germans in North Africa and at Stalingrad and elsewhere on the Russian Front , Partisan propaganda and infiltration , and the work of the Croatian Peasant Party . The division participated in the second phase of Operation Weiss in late February and early March 1943 . Desertions worsened particularly after the capitulation of Italy in September 1943 . For example , during October 1943 , 489 men deserted from the division . In October 1943 , the Germans confirmed that the division would not be utilised on either the Western Front or the Russian Front , and would continue to serve in the NDH . For several months from early December 1943 , elements of the division took part in series of operations by the V SS Mountain Corps against the Partisans in eastern Bosnia known in the former Yugoslavia as the Sixth Enemy Offensive . However , the offensive failed to decisively engage the Partisans . The reconnaissance battalion of the division was also involved in Operation Rösselsprung . Final months . The division saw action against the Partisans until the end of the war . However , by April 1945 a large part of the Croatian manpower of the division had been lost or released , with the Croatian manpower of the division only numbering between 2 , 000 and 3 , 000 soldiers . During the last few weeks of the war , the division fought in north - west Bosnia and Slavonia and withdrew towards Austria . After moving through northern Croatia , it turned west into the area of Celje in northern Slovenia . On 11 May 1945 the division , less one company , was stopped and disarmed by Partisan forces . The Germans were allowed to proceed into Austria , but the remaining Croatian soldiers were taken prisoner . The German troops surrendered to the British and were not returned to Yugoslavia .
General Sosnkowski ( armoured train ) The Generał Sosnkowski was a Polish armoured train that was developed during the Second Polish Republic . The PP 13 Generał Sosnkowski was built in 1920 , at the Cegielski plant in Poznań . Though modernized in the 1930s , its outward appearance retained its earlier characteristics . It saw action during the Invasion of Poland ( 1939 ) .
HMS Zealous ( 1785 ) HMS " Zealous " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built by Barnard of Deptford and launched on 25 June 1785 . She served in a number of battles of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars , notably the Battle of the Nile , where she engaged the French ship " Guerrier " , helping to force her surrender . She was later cruising off Cadiz in 1801 . She missed out on the Battle of Trafalgar , having been dispatched to Gibraltar for resupply . After Trafalgar , " Zealous " continued in the blockade of Cadiz . On 25 November 1805 , detained the Ragusan ship " Nemesis " , which was sailing from Isle de France to Leghorn , Italy , with a cargo of spice , indigo dye , and other goods . " Zealous " shared the prize money with ten other British warships . " Zealous " was later assigned to convoy duty in the Mediterranean . Fate . After 21 years of service she was broken up in December 1816 .
Yuri Lisyansky Yuri Fyodorovich Lisyansky ( also spelled as Urey Lisiansky and Lisianski and Lysyansky ) ( , , 13 August 1773 — 6 March 1837 ) was an officer in the Imperial Russian Navy and explorer of Ukrainian origin . Lisyansky was born in Nizhyn ( now Ukraine , then Russian Empire ) in the family of the orthodox priest and was a descendant of old Cossack family . In 1786 he graduated from the Navy Cadet Corps and took part in the Russo - Swedish War ( 1788 - 1790 ) . During 1790 - 1793 he served in the Baltic Fleet . During 1793 - 1799 he sailed British ships all over the globe . Between 1793 and 1795 he served as a volunteer aboard the 36 - gun HMS " Oiseau " , under her captain , Robert Murray . Lisyansky recalled in his memoirs his experiences on the North American Station operating against French convoys and privateers , and how while in the West Indies he was struck by yellow fever , recalling how Murray had helped his recovery , even giving up part of his own accommodation for the sick Lisyansky . In 1803 - 1806 Lisyanski as the commanding officer of the sloop - of - war " Neva " took part in the first Russian circumnavigation of the Earth headed by Krusenstern . They started from Kronstadt , but the ships split after visiting Hawaii and Lisianski headed to Russian America ( Alaska ) . In 1804 the " Neva " visited Easter Island , and later that year , was essential in defeating the Tlingit in the Battle of Sitka , Alaska . In 1805 he met Krusenstern again in Macau , but they soon separated . Also in 1805 , he was the first to describe the Hawaiian monk seal on the island which now bears his name . Eventually , the " Neva " was the first to return to Kronstadt on 22 July 1806 . For this feat Lisyanski was awarded in various ways , including the decoration with the Order of Saint Vladimir of 3rd degree . Lisyanski was buried at Tikhvin Cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Monastery , St . Petersburg . Memorials . A number of places are named after him : Lisianski Island in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands , a peninsula of Baranof Island , Alaska , a bay , a strait , a river , a cape in North America , an undersea mountain in Okhotsk Sea and a peninsula by the Okhotsk Sea .
Borovkov - Florov I - 207 The Borovkov - Florov I - 207 ( " Istrebitel " – fighter ) was a fighter aircraft designed and built in the USSR from . Development . In 1935 , two designers from GAZ - 21 ( " Gosoodarstvenny Aviatsiya Zavod " – state aviation plant / factory ) , at Gor ' ky began work on a new high - speed biplane fighter design . Borovkov and Florov drew heavily on their experience working in the Polikarpov I - 16 program , producing ' Prototype No . 7211 ' ( " Izdeliye 7 , Zavod 21 , Samolyet 1 " – article 7 , factory 21 , aircraft 1 ) . The goal was the smallest possible aircraft with the most powerful engine then available in the Soviet Union , the Mikulin M - 85 14 - cylinder radial , a licensed - built Gnome - Rhone K14 Mistral Major . The No . 7211 was a sleek biplane with fully cantilever outer wings , the upper centre - section being supported by four well - streamlined cabane struts . The No . 7211 performed its maiden flight on 1 June , but crashed on take - off due to engine failure . The first production prototype was powered by the Shvetsov M - 62 radial , ( license - built Wright Cyclone ) . Retaining the open cockpit , it featured a smooth close fitting cowl , fixed landing gear , and was fully armed with four ShKAS 7 . 62 - mm machine guns in the forward fuselage . It was first flown in April 1939 and led to improvements on the second production prototype . The second aircraft still featured the fixed gear , but had the improved Shvetsov M - 63 radial of and the lower wings were strengthened to accept either two FAB - 250 bombs or Merkulin DM - 4 ramjets for a rapid climb on takeoff , with a first flight in late April or early May 1939 proving its high performance - maximum airspeed 416 km / h ( 258 . 5 mph ) at 5000 m ( 16 , 404 ft ) and 18 m / s ( 3 , 543 ft / min ) rate of climb after take - off . One aircraft featured a retractable landing gear that rotated to lie flat in a small landing gear bay under the fuselage . This improved the top speed over the fixed gear version by 20 mph ( 32 . 5 km / h ) . Two aircraft reputedly saw combat in Finland during the Winter War , but there is little evidence for this . The fourth production prototype featured a fully enclosed cockpit , a geared M - 63 engine and a large smooth spinner that gave the little airplane a dart - like look . Though performance was quite impressive for a biplane fighter , the type was not accepted for manufacture , and all testing came to a halt with the German invasion of .