naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Fort Friedrichsburg Fort Friedrichsburg or Feste Friedrichsburg was a fort in Königsberg , Germany . The only remnant of the former fort is the Friedrichsburg Gate ( , ) in Kaliningrad , Russia . History . Construction of the fort began in 1657 during the Second Northern War by the order of Frederick William of Brandenburg - Prussia . The fort was built in place of a tollhouse on the southern shore of the Pregel River at the western edge of Königsberg . It was included within the new ring of Königsberg fortifications constructed from 1626 – 34 . Districts neighboring the fort were Vorstadt to the east , Nasser Garten to the southwest outside of the city walls , and Lastadie to the north across the river . Construction of the fort was resented by the constituent towns of Königsberg , especially Kneiphof . Friedrichsburg was designed by Christian Otter , court mathematician and Albertina professor . Friedrichsburg ' s position allowed its cannons to defend the city from the west , monitor incoming traffic from the Frisches Haff , and suppress civil uprising . The fort originally consisted of earthwork , bricks , and ditches . The square - shaped structure included four bastion s , nicknamed " Smaragd " , " " , " Rubin " , and " Diamant " . Initially only the northeastern bastion contained a cavalier and ravelin . Later additions included ravelins along the western and southern fronts , a cavalier along the southwestern bastion , and a covered way along the counterscarp . These additions were possibly completed during the occupation of Königsberg by the Imperial Russian Army in the Seven Years ' War ( 1758 – 62 ) . The additions were not visible on Valerianus Müller ' s plan from 1815 . The interior of the fort contained a command building , lodging , supplies , and prisons . It had a small permanent garrison of about 150 men , but could host a stronger force if need be . A small church , constructed in 1671 , served as the garrison church until 1816 . An armory was completed in 1796 , but dismantled in 1892 . Peter I of Russia studied the fort in 1697 while touring Europe . The fort was used as a state and military prison until 1825 ; Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg was imprisoned there for insubordination from 1780 – 81 . The Friedrichsburg Gate was completed during the reign of King Frederick William IV of Prussia . The fort was remodeled in 1852 during the reign of King Frederick William IV of Prussia , with construction of the stately Friedrichsburg Gate , new walls , and expansion of the citadel with four round towers . By the end of the 19th century , however , the fort was used only for military storage . To allow construction of new tracks for Königsberg ' s goods station , Friedrichsburg was sold to the Prussian Eastern Railway on 23 August 1910 and subsequently dismantled . Segelclub RHE moved from Friedrichsburg to Contienen in 1914 . The site was used for storage and automobile exhibitions after the change of German Königsberg to Russian Kaliningrad resulting from World War II . It is being restored during the 2010s and is part of the Museum of the World ' s Oceans .
Embraer EMB - 312 Tucano The Embraer EMB - 312 Tucano is one of the most successful aircraft of Embraer . Several hundred of these aircraft were sold to many countries and among its users is the Royal Air Force . Description . The EMB - 312 Tucano is a low - wing monoplane , medium - advanced training , which began to be drawn in 1978 seconds specification of the Brazilian Air Force . The version for the RAF is equipped with Garrett TPE331 engine . Either Britain or Egypt , this aircraft manufactured under license from Embraer This type of plane appears as replacement of the smallest and oldest trainer aircraft assembled by Embraer and other aeronautical industry during the ' 70s . The EMB - 312 is designed to allow the use of latest technologies , should be a basic trainer to become an advanced trainer . The EMB - 312 was an export success , being sold and manufactured under license in several countries like Great Britain , Egypt and France . The EMB - 314 , the evolution of the EMB - 312 , is a larger and more sophisticated , and others were bought by the Brazilian Air Force . England
Lecce Airfield Lecce Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Italy , which is located approximately 5 km southeast of Lecce in the Salentine Peninsula . Built in 1943 by United States Army Engineers , the airfield was primarily a Fifteenth Air Force B - 24 Liberator heavy bomber base used in the strategic bombing of Germany . Lecce was also used by tactical aircraft of Twelfth Air Force in the Italian Campaign . Known units assigned to the airfield were : Closed after the war , Lecce Airfield today is a collection of agricultural fields , with its main runway clearly visible in aerial photography . Large areas of disturbed land indicate the remains of some wartime features also some of the former taxiways have been reduced to single - lane farm roads , however the vast majority of the airfield and ground station have been redeveloped . As of 2009 , some flying activity has returned to the field through the Vega Aeroclub of Lecce . The A / D should not be confused with Lepore Airport just a few miles to the east , still less with the military Galatina Air Force Base to the south of the city .
FAD assault rifle The Dual Automatic Rifle ( ) was designed by Salomón Braga Lozo of SIMA Electronica , a division of the Peruvian state - owned SIMA ( ) shipyards , based in the port of Callao . It is an assault rifle centered around the cartridge NATO 5 . 56x45mm that offers low recoil , low weight and volume while at the same time giving precision , adequate range and ergonomy that is to be coupled with a " pump - action " type 40 mm grenade launcher in a single package . It is of the " Bullpup " configuration ; being a compact weapon , it can easily be used as a back - up weapon by armored crews .
Wachtmeister Wachtmeister ( German for master - sentinel ; watch - master ) was a German , Austrian and Swiss military rank of non - commissioned officers . The rank of " " was used in Germany and Austria , up to and including the Second World War , where it was a cavalry and artillery rank equating to a Sergeant - major ( a " Feldwebel " in the infantry ) . The rank continued in East Germany until 1970 . The rank is used in Austria and Switzerland in the present day . In the German navy , the term is the equivalent to a Kompaniefeldwebel or Hauptfeldwebel as the senior NCO aboard a ship , usually tasked with administration . The rank was also adopted into Russian Army vakhmistr ( ва́хмистр ) and was used as Sergeant - grade rank in cavalry ( until 1826 ) , then Special Corps of Gendarmes and Cossack cavalry and Cossack Leib Guard units . Also , the Polish army used the rank Wachmistrz as a cavalry - specific title for " Sergeant " . This was similar to calling cavalry " Captains " Rittmeister ( Ger . ) or Rotmistrz ( Pol . ) . Wachtmeister was also a German police rank . It is in this function the title is mainly known for , and " Herr Wachtmeister " is the traditional address for a policemen , comparable to an English " sir " . Nevertheless , as practically any policeman now has ranks higher than Wachtmeister , its use can now even be considered an insult ( which is an offence ) . In old German universities , " Wachtmeister " was a kind of doorman or caretaker . He stood in the classroom and kept everything in order . He also collected fees from students and sometime released students from fees if the lecturer ( Privatdozent ) deviated from the topic of the lecture .
Jake Jones James Murrell " Jake " Jones ( November 23 , 1920 – December 13 , 2000 ) was a first baseman in Major League Baseball who played between and for the Chicago White Sox ( 1941 – 42 , 1946 – 47 ) and Boston Red Sox ( 1947 – 48 ) . Listed at 6 ' 3 " , 197 lb . , Jones batted and threw right - handed . He was born in Epps , Louisiana . Career . Jones was a highly decorated World War II veteran . He played 10 games in the American League for Chicago , in part of two seasons , before enlisting in the United States Navy right after Pearl Harbor attack . He joined the service on June 30 , 1942 , becoming an aviator . In November 1943 he was assigned to the unit on the USS Yorktown ( CV - 10 ) , flying Grumman F6F Hellcat fighters . Between November and December 1944 , Jones destroyed two Japan ese A6M Zero and damaged one of them . On February 1 , 1945 , he shot down another three Zeroes while serving on a mission at northeast of Tokyo , to give him five confirmed victories . A day later , he annihilated other Zero and a Nakajima Ki - 43 . Then , on February 25 he received a half - share of a probable Ki - 43 . For his heroic action , Jones was awarded the Silver Star , two Distinguished Flying Cross and four Air Medal s . Following his service descharge , Jones returned to play for Chicago in 1946 . During the 1947 midseason he was dealt to the Boston Red Sox in exchange for Rudy York , batting a combined . 237 with 19 home runs and 96 that season . He hit . 200 in 36 games for Boston in 1948 , his last major league season , and finished his baseball career in 1949 , dividing his playing time between the Texas League and American Association . Jones died in his homeland of Epps , Louisiana at age 80 .
USS Blue Bird ( SP - 465 ) USS " Blue Bird " ( SP - 465 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Blue Bird " was built as the private motorboat " Houqua " in 1911 by the Matthews Boat Company at Port Clinton , Ohio , for A . A . Augustus of Lakewood , Ohio . She may have been renamed " Parthenia " later , and eventually was renamed " Blue Bird " . On 25 June 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired " Blue Bird " under a free lease from her owner - by then E . Palmer Gavit of Albany , New York - for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned at the New York Navy Yard at Brooklyn , New York , as USS " Blue Bird " ( SP - 465 ) on 17 December 1917 with Chief Boatswain ’ s Mate William R . Wardlaw , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District , " Blue Bird " operated in the New York City area for the remainder of World War I . She provided transportation for official passengers from place to place in the naval district , served as a boarding boat when later attached to the naval districts communication office , and operated in such areas as lower Gravesend Bay on patrol duty , tallying the names and numbers of vessels in those waters . She underwent upkeep and repairs in the Marine Basin at Ulmer Park , Brooklyn , from time to time . " Blue Bird " apparently was decommissioned early in 1919 and was returned to her owner on 7 February 1919 . She thereafter remained in civilian use until about 1950 .
11th Brigade ( Australia ) The Australian 11th Brigade is an Australian Army brigade which currently comprises most Australian Army Reserve units located in Queensland . The Brigade was first formed in early 1916 as part of the 3rd Division and saw action during World War I and World War II . Brigade Structure . The Brigade Structure is given below Brigade Locations . Headquarters 11th Brigade 9th Royal Queensland Regiment 25 / 49th Royal Queensland Regiment 31 / 42nd Royal Queensland Regiment Queensland University Regiment 11th Combat Services Support Battalion 141 Signals Squadron 35th Field Squadron
38th Battalion ( Australia ) The 38th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army . It was raised in 1916 as part of the First Australian Imperial Force for service during World War I and formed part of the 10th Brigade , attached to the 3rd Division . It fought during the Western Front before being disbanded in 1919 . The 38th Battalion was reraised in 1921 as the 38th Battalion ( The Bendigo Regiment ) , the battalion was disbanded during World War II to provide men for other militia battalions . Reraised in 1948 as the 38th Battalion ( Northern Victoria Regiment ) . The battalion was split in 1952 to help form the 59th Battalion . The battalion together with the 59th Battalion ( The Hume Regiment ) and the 8th / 7th Battalion ( The North Western Victorian Regiment ) to form the 2nd Battalion , The Royal Victoria Regiment in 1960 .
John Manners Smith Lieutenant Colonel John Manners Smith VC CIE CVO ( 30 August 1864 – 6 January 1920 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . After transferring from the Norfolk Regiment to the British Indian Army , Smith was 27 years old , and a lieutenant in the Indian Staff Corps and 5th Gurkha Rifles , British Indian Army , during the Hunza - Naga Campaign , India when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 20 December 1891 near Nilt Fort , British India , Lieutenant Smith led the storming party at the attack and capture of a strong position occupied by the enemy . For nearly four hours on the face of the cliff which was almost precipitous , he moved his handful of men from point to point , and during this time he was unable to defend himself from any attack which the enemy chose to make . He was the first man to reach the summit within a few yards of one of the enemy ' s sangars , which was immediately rushed , the lieutenant pistolling the first man . Further information . Smith later served with the India Staff Corps , and was promoted Major in July 1901 . He achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel before he retired from the army . His Victoria Cross is displayed at The Gurkha Museum in Winchester , Hampshire , England .
Saliyapura Army Camp Saliyapura Army Camp is a military base located in close to the ancient city of Anuradhapura , the North Central Province of Sri Lanka . It serves as the regimental headquarters of the Gajaba Regiment of Sri Lanka Army since its formation in 1983 . Built in close proximity to SLAF Anuradhapura . The base is the venue for the annual amateur outdoor motocross " The Gajaba Supercross " organized by the Gajaba Regiment and the SLARDAR , one of the premier motor racing events in the country .
Hans Lüdemann Marine Engineer Hans Lüdemann ( died 1913 ) was a German sailor who died saving his ship , Torpedo Boat S148 , after a boiler room explosion . His actions saved many lives . A World War II German destroyer , Z18 , which was scuttled in the Battle of Narvik was named " Hans Lüdemann " in his honour .
Skoda 305 mm howitzer Developed from Gretel , 240 mm , between 1911 and 1912 and adopted in 1913 . The battery consisted of three parts , each disassembled into three loads , towed by tractors of 120 hp Austro - Daimler . The howitzer was grounded in a hole dug in the ground and assembled with the help of crane . Those loaned to Germany ( with its Austrian garrisons ) in 1914 were returned within a year after the fall of the strong Belgian and French . Then they were placed as in the Adriatic coastal guns and is still used in the 2nd War .
Wilfrid Wilson Gibson Wilfrid Wilson Gibson ( 2 October 1878 – 26 May 1962 ) was a British Georgian poet , associated with World War I but also the author of much later work . Early work . Gibson was born in Hexham , Northumberland , and left the north for London in 1914 after his mother died . He had been publishing poems in magazines since 1895 , and the collections " Stonefolds " , " On The Threshold " , were published by the Wayland publishers in 1914 , and followed by " The Web of Life " in 1918 . Despite his residence in London and later on in Gloucestershire , many of Gibson ' s poems both then and later , have Northumberland settings : " Hexham ' s Market Cross " ; " Hareshaw " ; and " The Kielder Stone " . Others deal with poverty and passion amid wild Northumbrian landscapes . Still others are devoted to fishermen , industrial workers and miners , often alluding to local ballads and the rich folk - song heritage of the North East . It was in London that he met both Edward Marsh and Rupert Brooke , becoming a close friend and later Brooke ' s literary executor ( with Lascelles Abercrombie and Walter de la Mare ) . This was at the period when the first " Georgian Poetry " anthology was being hatched . Gibson was one of the insiders . During the early part of his writing life , Wilfrid Wilson Gibson wrote poems that featured the " macabre . " One such poem is " Flannan Isle " , based on a real life mystery . Gibson was one of the founders of the so - called ” Dymock Poets ” , a community of writers who settled briefly , before the outbreak of the Great War , in the village of Dymock , in north Gloucestershire . Reputation . His reputation was eclipsed somewhat by the Ezra Pound - T . S . Eliot school of Modernist poetry ; his work remained popular .
Joint Analysis Center The Joint Intelligence Operations Center Europe ( JIOCEUR ) Analytic Center ( JAC ) , formerly known as the Joint Analysis Center , is a Joint Intelligence Center serving as a focal point of military intelligence for the United States European Command located at RAF Molesworth , Cambridgeshire , UK and managed by the Defense Intelligence Agency . The area of responsibility includes over 50 countries in Europe and the Middle East .
Achille d ' Étampes de Valençay Achille d ' Étampes de Valençay ( 1593 - 27 June 1646 ) was a French military leader , a Knight of Malta and later a Catholic Cardinal . Early life . He was the brother of Jacques d ' Étampes de Valençay , Léonore d ' Étampes de Valençay , and Jean d ' Étampes de Valençay . He was made a Knight of Malta in 1606 at the age of 13 and became an officer of the galley . Thereafter he went to Paris where he earned a reputation as an impressive swordsman , though one regularly spoiling for a fight . Military career . Valençay served during the siege of Montauban ( during the Huguenot rebellions ) after which he was appointed captain of light horse of the king at the age of 28 , with the rank of colonel . In 1626 , he foiled an attempted assassination of Cardinal Richelieu . After contributing to the defense of the island of Ré during the Siege of Saint - Martin - de - Ré , Valençay commanded the Royal Navy during the Siege of La Rochelle in 1628 with the rank of Vice - Admiral . He was promoted to Brigadier at age 34 . Her served under Duke Henri II de Montmorency at the Battle of Avigliana and was awarded the " Bailiff Grand Cross " of the Order of Malta for his service , during which he was wounded . However , he fell into disgrace when he took up arms with the Duke who sought to raise an army against Cardinal Richelieu . The Duke was captured at the Battle of Castelnaudary and executed ; Valençay escaped to Malta . While there he , rather unsuccessfully , led forces against the Ottoman Empire . Nonetheless , he was thereafter employed by the Barberini to lead sections of the papal army during the Wars of Castro . Ecclesiastic career . In 1643 he was elevated to Cardinal ( " in pectore " - it was published the following year ) by Pope Urban VIII who hoped that making a large number of French - aligned cardinals would allow his Cardinal - Nephew , Antonio Barberini , to control the College of Cardinals and elect a pope friendly to the Kingdom of France . Pope Urban died the following year and Achille d ' Étampes de Valençay participated in the papal conclave of 1644 . For a number of reasons , Urban ' s plan did not work and Pope Innocent X ( more friendly to Spain than France ) was elected . Achille d ' Étampes de Valençay was named Cardinal - Deacon of the Church of S . Adriano . He died on 27 June 1646 at Tours in France .
Elo Sambo Vize - Wachtmeister Elo Sambo ( 1885 - 1933 ) was a Cameroonian who served in the Imperial German Army in World War I , notable for being one of very few Africans to do so . He served as the kettle drummer in the Life Guard Hussars of Potsdam ( 1907 – 18 ) and later the 4th Cavalry Regiment of the Reichswehr , also at Potsdam . He was awarded the Iron Cross , first and second class . See also . German Army order of battle ( 1914 )
Ernst Detlof von Krassow Ernst Detlof von Krassow , Swedish noble and military commander , born around 1660 , dead 23 January 1714 , freiherr ( 1707 ) . Appointed Major General in 1706 . Father of Karl Vilhelm von Krassow . As a colonel , he was an important leader in the cavalry assault in the Battle of Fraustadt in the Great Northern War resulting in the rout of the Saxon cavalry , and the double envelopment of the Saxon main element .
Hans Waldmüller Hans Waldmüller ( 13 September 1912 – 8 September 1944 ) was an Obersturmbannführer ( Lieutenant Colonel ) in the Waffen - SS during World War II , who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . Early life . Hans Waldmüller was born on the 13 September 1912 , in Bamberg Germany . He volunteered to join the SS in 1934 , and then transferred to the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ) in May 1937 . He was selected to become an officer and commissioned on 20 April 1937 , and further promoted to Obersturmführer ( First Lieutenant ) in September 1938 . World War II . During World War II he was promoted in April 1940 , to Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) and then transferred to the Leibstandarte SS " Adolf Hitler " Regiment in the Summer of 1940 for the Battle of France and Operation Marita the invasion of the Balkans , where he was awarded his first combat decoration , the Iron Cross II class . He was awarded his Iron Cross I class during Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union in August 1941 and by December he had qualified for the Infantry Assault Badge for having taken part in three or more motorized infantry assaults . In 1943 , the decision was made to form a new SS Division from members of the Hitler Youth and the LSSAH would supply all of the Regimental , Battalion and most of the Company commanders . In time this new division would become the 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend Waldmüller was one of the officers selected for transfer and became the commander of the I . Battalion , 25th SS Panzergrenadier Regiment and promoted to Sturmbannführer ( Major ) . Waldmüller was awarded the Knights Cross on 27 August 1944 , for his bravery in the Battle of Normandy fighting at Cambes near Caen . He was killed near Basse - Bodeux by members of the Belgian resistance on 8 September 1944 while driving between Werbomont and Stavelot , his body had been badly mutilated and stuffed into a drainage pipe .
Dror light machine gun The Dror light machine gun was an Israeli squad automatic weapon based on the M1941 Johnson light machine gun . In the years immediately preceding the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 , the Haganah ( precursor to the Israel Defense Forces ) bought the manufacturing rights to the M1941 Johnson from the Winchester Repeating Arms Company and developed the Dror in its own clandestine workshops . Because large amounts of British rifle ammunition were available , the Pattern 1 Dror was initially chambered in . 303 British and had a side feeding tray magazine , similar to the original Johnson . The Pattern 2 Dror was built by Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) and was chambered in 7 . 92x57mm Mauser to take advantage of large quantities of recently imported Mauser ammunition . In this pattern , the magazines were mounted vertically under the receiver . The Dror was air - cooled and recoil - operated , and was fed by 20 - round box magazines which were slightly modified versions of M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle magazines . It also had a quick interchangeable barrels capability . Because of its oversensitivity to dusty environments , the Dror did not see combat service in the 1948 - 49 Israel War of Independence . Following combat simulation testing , the Israel Defense Forces selected the FN Model D ( a derivative of the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle ) to replace the Dror in 1952 .