naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Lieutenant general Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries . The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second in command on the battlefield , who was normally subordinate to a captain general . In modern armies , lieutenant general normally ranks immediately below general and above major general ; it is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral , and in air forces with a separate rank structure , it is equivalent to air marshal . A lieutenant general commands an army corps , made up of typically three army divisions , and consisting of around 60 , 000 soldiers . The term major general is a shortened version of the previous term sergeant major general , which was also subordinate to lieutenant general . This is why a lieutenant general outranks a major general , whereas a major is senior to a lieutenant . In many countries , the rank of corps general has replaced the earlier rank of lieutenant general ( e . g . France , Italy ) . ( The ranks of corps general and lieutenant colonel general are intended to solve the apparent lieutenant general / major general anomaly ) . However , for convenience , this is often translated into English as lieutenant general . In a number of states , the rank of lieutenant general is the highest army rank in use . In Lithuania and Latvia , the chief of defence is a lieutenant general , and in the Irish Defence Forces and Israeli forces the Chief of Staff holds this rank . < br >
624th Operations Center The 624th Operations Center ( 624 OC ) located at Lackland Air Force Base , Texas serves as the 24 AF ' s operational arm to provide a robust full - spectrum and integrated cyberspace operations capability . The 624 OC interfaces with theater and functional Air Operations Centers to establish , plan , direct , coordinate , assess , and command & control cyber operations in support of AF and Joint warfighting requirements . On 20 August 2009 , the Secretary of the Air Force issued a letter announcing the re - aligninment of Air Force Cyberspace activities . The letter announced the inactivation of the 608th Air Force Network Operations Center , and activation the 624th Operations Center . In addition , the new 624th Operations Center would report to Twenty - Fourth Air Force , Air Force Space Command ( a change of reporting from Eighth Air Force , Air Combat Command ) . Components : A new emblem for the unit was posted to the website of The Institute of Heraldry on 23 April 2012 .
Battle of Zitlala The Battle of Zitlala was a battle of the War of Mexican Independence that occurred on 4 July 1812 on the outskirts of Zitlala , Guerrero . The battle was fought between the royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown , and the Mexican rebels fighting for independence from the Spanish Empire . The battle resulted in a victory for the Mexican rebels . Context . When José María Morelos was advancing on the capital of Oaxaca , he routed a Spanish loyalist force at Zitlala , Guerrero . After his escape from the 72 day siege at Cuautla , Morelos joined his army together with 800 men under the command of Hermenegildo Galeana and at Chiautla . He then moved to march against the loyalist commander General José María Añorve de Salas at Chilapa de Álvarez followed by General Cerro at Tixtla de Guerrero . The regional Mexican commander , , did not move to further defend these towns as his army was occupied defending Ayutla de los Libres . Gerenal Cerro , knowing that was marching with soldiers from Chilpancingo de los Bravo , decided to attack him at Tixtla de Guerrero and informed Añorve de Salas of his plans to that end . As Bravo marched towards Chilpancingo , he received news that Morelos was in the area around the Tlacesoutitlan River and that royalist forces under the command of were marching towards Petaquillas . The Battle . After being informed of these developments , Añorve de Salas ordered Cerro to join his forces , however , a party of 50 men who apparently did not receive the orders or who had not yet begun their maneuvers to join the main Spanish force , were in the town of Zitlala when an insurgent force under the command of Hermenegildo Galeana arrived and gave battle . The insurgents advanced on the town in two sections and eventually were successful in obliging the loyalist forces , who were on horseback , to retreat . The retreating Spanish forces left behind weapons and prisoners which were then taken to Zacatula .
Paris Protocol ( 1952 ) On 28 August 1952 the then NATO member states signed the Paris Protocol in Paris . Its official title is " On the Status of International Military Headquarters Set up Pursuant to the North Atlantic Treaty " and it establishes the status of allied and national headquarters and respective procedures . The Protocol is part of the so - called NATO legal acquis . All NATO member states have ratified the protocol , except Canada , which signed but did not ratify it . France ratified the protocol in 1955 but denounced its ratification in 1966 .
Bolden Reush Harrison Bolden Reush Harrison ( April 26 , 1886 – January 26 , 1952 ) was a United States Navy seaman received the Medal of Honor for actions during the Moro Uprising . He is buried in Savannah Cemetery Savannah , Tennessee . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Seaman , U . S . Navy . Born : April 26 , 1886 , Savannah , Tenn . Accredited to : Tennessee . G . O . No . : 138 , December 13 , 1911 . Citation : While attached to the U . S . S . Pampang , Harrison was one of a shore party moving in to capture Mundang , on the island of Basilan , Philippine Islands , on September 24 , 1911 . Harrison instantly responded to the calls for help when the advance scout party investigating a group of nipa huts close to the trail , was suddenly taken under point - blank fire and rushed by approximately 20 enemy Moros attacking from inside the huts and from other concealed positions . Armed with a double - barreled shotgun , he concentrated his blasting fire on the outlaws , destroying 3 of the Moros and assisting in the rout of the remainder . By his aggressive charging of the enemy under heavy fire and in the face of great odds , Harrison contributed materially to the success of the engagement .
Aizuwakamatsu Castle , also known as Tsuruga Castle ( 鶴ヶ城 " Tsuru - ga - jō " ) is a concrete replica of a traditional Japanese castle in northern Japan , at the center of the city of Aizuwakamatsu , in Fukushima Prefecture . History . The castle was constructed by Ashina Naomori in 1384 , and was originally named . It was the military and administrative center of the Aizu region until 1868 . Date Masamune , the greatest warlord of the Tōhoku area , had struggled against the Ashina clan for years , and finally captured the castle in 1589 at the Siege of Kurokawa Castle . But soon he submitted to Toyotomi Hideyoshi and gave it up in 1590 . In 1592 a new lord , Gamō Ujisato , redesigned the castle and gave it the name " Tsuruga Castle " , although the populace also referred to it as " Aizu Castle " or " Wakamatsu Castle " . During the Edo period , it was the seat of the daimyo of the Aizu Han . The founder was Hoshina Masayuki , the son of shōgun Tokugawa Hidetada and the grandson of Ieyasu . He and his successors bore the Matsudaira name . The castle was an important Tokugawa stronghold in the Tōhoku region of Honshū . The castle was besieged in the Battle of Aizu by the forces of the newly formed Imperial army in 1868 during the Boshin War . After a month of isolated defence , Matsudaira Katamori surrendered . The castle buildings , pockmarked by artillery during the siege and structurally unstable , was demolished by the new government in 1874 . The " tenshu " , the largest tower of the castle , was reconstructed in 1965 in concrete . Currently there is a museum inside , and an observation gallery on top with panoramic views of the city .
41st Infantry Division ( France ) The 41st Infantry Division ( ) was a French Army formation during World War I and World War II . World War 1 . During World War I , the division comprised : It was part of the French 1st , 3rd , 7th , 9th , 11th , 12th , 15th 16th , 18th , 20th , 30th , 34th and 38th Corps , during which it participated in the Battle of the Frontiers , the Battle of the Somme , the Second Battle of the Aisne , the Battle of the Lys and the Fifth Battle of Ypres . At various times , it was part of the French First Army , French Second Army , French Fourth Army , French Fifth Army , French Sixth Army , French Eighth Army and French Tenth Army . The Battle For France . During the Battle of France in May 1940 , the division contained the following units : It was a Series A Reserve division containing younger reservist s .
Gabriel Cano de Aponte Gabriel Cano de Aponte ( or Gabriel Cano y Aponte ) was a Spanish soldier who served as Royal Governor of Chile from 1717 to 1733 . His administration was the longest of all Colonial Governors and the second longest in the history of Chile after the administration of General Augusto Pinochet , who surpassed him by some eight months . Life . Gabriel Cano was born in the town of Mora , near Toledo , the son of Juan Cano Ruiz and of Josefa de Aponte Carvajal . Cano joined the Spanish army and fought in Flanders for 33 years , rising through the ranks from Alférez to Brigadier and finally Marshal . He married María Campos , but she died in 1713 without descendants . Due to his outstanding valor and performance during the War of the Spanish Succession he was promoted to Lieutenant General on October 28 , 1715 and three days later , was appointed Royal Governor of Chile . On January 5 , 1716 , he married again , this time with María Francisca Velas de Medrano Navarra y Puelles , in the city of Pamplona . They travelled together to Chile to assume his position , arriving to Santiago on December 17 , 1717 . As governor of Chile . In a flare up of the Arauco War he fought the Mapuche toqui Vilumilla in the Mapuche Uprising of 1723 . It was ended with the Peace of Negrete in 1726 . In 1725 , Governor Cano attempted to repress contraband , without complete success , due to the wit and skills of the French and Dutch merchants and the complicity of some of the Kingdom ’ s influential citizens . Death . As a soldier , Cano was an innovative horseman , and historians have documented Cano ' s " inclination for unbridled fun and equestrian exercises " . On July 26 , 1733 , while he was participating in a game on horseback , Cano suffered an equestrian accident when he fell with his horse and was crushed by it . The sequence of events that caused his death three months later are unclear , but what is clear is that Cano was badly injured and never recovered , dying on November 11 of the same year . It has been stated that a spinal lesion caused by the accident kept him bedridden for a period of three months , clear in reason and with intense pain , before his death . However , there is no evidence that conveys any typical sign associated to spinal injury following the accident . Therefore it is possible that Cano suffered a complex pelvic ring fracture . The fact that he was prostrated , lucid , but suffered intense pain best sustains the hypothesis of a pelvic fracture . After the initial period , one of the most common causes of death resulting from a pelvic fracture is deep venous thrombosis with secondary pulmonary thrombo - embolism . This must have been the sequence of events that most probably caused Cano de Aponte ' s death .
Viktorin Molchanov Viktorin Mikhailovich Molchanov ( ) ( January 11 , 1886 in Chistopol , Governorate of Kazan – January 10 , 1975 in San Francisco ) was a Russian Major - General and a participant in the White movement . Molchanov was born in 1886 to parents who were members of the Russian nobility . He graduated from the Elabuga Comprehensive School and Alexey ' s Military Institute in Moscow in 1906 . Early in life Molchanov served in Primorsky Krai and fought in World War I as the captain of a field company . After he finished his tour , he returned to the Urals in time for the start of the Russian Revolution , in which he fought against the bolsheviks . During the Revolution , Molchanov was promoted and put in charge of the Izhevsk brigade and eventually an entire division in 1918 . After the defeat of Admiral Kolchak ' s armies and the subsequent retreat to Transbaikal , Molchanov was appointed the head of the 3rd Separate Rifle Corps of the Far Eastern Army by Ataman Grigory Semyonov . In October 1920 the Ataman was defeated and the surviving units evacuated to China . General Molchanov moved to Primorye and established Vladivostok as his base on May 31 , 1921 . Under his command the Whites launched an offensive and captured Khabarovsk in November 1921 but his troops were smashed at Volochaevka on February 12 , 1922 by Vasily Blyukher . General Molchanov moved to China and then settled down in the USA where he wrote his memoirs .
USS Durham ( LKA - 114 ) USS " Durham " ( AKA - 114 / LKA - 114 ) was a " Charleston " class amphibious cargo ship named after Durham , North Carolina . She served as a commissioned ship for 24 years and 9 months , and earned a total of 15 awards and campaign ribbons for her service . She was laid down as AKA - 114 at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co . , Newport News , VA , and redesignated LKA - 114 on 1 January 1969 . She was commissioned on 24 May 1969 . " Durham " was extensively involved in the Vietnam War . In April 1975 , " Durham " participated in Operation Frequent Wind , the evacuation of Saigon , Vietnam . In the Gulf War , she was part of an 18 - ship amphibious task force that was the largest such force since the Korean War . The task force arrived on station in the North Arabian Sea on 12 January 1991 . The ship was decommissioned on 25 February 1994 . As of 30 July 2001 , she was berthed at the Pearl Harbor , Hawaii Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility ( NISMF ) in a category " B " reserve status . There is no DANFS entry for the ship .
Mack A . Jordan Mack Alvin Jordan ( December 8 , 1928 – November 15 , 1951 ) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War . He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on November 15 , 1951 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private First Class , U . S . Army , Company K , 21st Infantry Regiment , 24th Infantry Division Place and date : Near Kumsong , Korea , November 15 , 1951 Entered service at : Collins , Miss Born : December 8 , 1928 , Collins , Miss . G . O . No . : 3 , January 8 , 1953 height : 6 5 inches Citation : Pfc . Jordan , a member of Company K , distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and indomitable courage above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy . As a squad leader of the 3d Platoon , he was participating in a night attack on key terrain against a fanatical hostile force when the advance was halted by intense small - arms and automatic - weapons fire and a vicious barrage of handgrenades . Upon orders for the platoon to withdraw and reorganize , Pfc . Jordan voluntarily remained behind to provide covering fire . Crawling toward an enemy machine gun emplacement , he threw 3 grenades and neutralized the gun . He then rushed the position delivering a devastating hail of fire , killing several of the enemy and forcing the remainder to fall back to new positions . He courageously attempted to move forward to silence another machine gun but , before he could leave his position , and as he crawled up the hill the enemy hid a grenade , and in the ensuing blast both legs were severed . Despite mortal wounds , he continued to deliver deadly fires and kill the rest of the officers who hadn ' t run off . Pfc . Jordan ' s unflinching courage and gallant self - sacrifice reflect lasting glory upon himself and uphold the noble traditions of the infantry and the military service . They created a statue of him , and placed it in Collins , Mississippi . There is also a comic book that was created of him .
Harbottle Castle Harbottle Castle is a ruined medieval castle situated at the west end of the village of Harbottle , Northumberland , England west - north - west of Rothbury overlooking the River Coquet . It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade I listed building It is thought that the mound on which the keep stands was a site used by the ancient Britons and that in Anglian times there was a stronghold on the site held by Mildred , son of Ackman . The present castle was built about 1160 by the Umfraville family at the request of King Henry II on land awarded to them following the Norman Conquest , presumably as a defence against the Scots . Not long after its erection , in 1174 , it was taken by the Scots and was then rebuilt more strongly . In 1296 it was besieged by Robert de Ros and some 40 , 000 men , but the siege was withstood . In the 1310s Robert the Bruce captured the castle . It was restored in 1336 , but in ruins again by 1351 . It was repaired at the end of the 14th century and in about 1436 the castle passed into the hands of the Tailleboys . It was for a long time the residence of the Warden of the Middle Marches and used as a prison . In 1515 Margaret Tudor , the widowed queen of James IV of Scotland and sister of Henry VIII , having been banished by the regent , the Duke of Albany , came to the castle with her second husband , the Earl of Angus . While there a daughter was born , who was also called Margaret . Margaret was to become the mother of Lord Darnley , the second husband of Mary , Queen of Scots , and grandmother of James VI of Scotland and I of England . Further building work took place between 1541 and 1551 and more repairs were made in 1563 . In 1605 James I granted the castle and manor to George Home , Lord Treasurer of Scotland , but thereafter the castle fell into decay and much of its masonry was used in other buildings . A survey of 1715 reported the castle to be ruinous once more . Today only earthworks and some standing masonry remains . The site is run by Northumberland National Park Authority and entry to it is free . Confusingly following the abandonment of the castle as a residence the name Harbottle Castle was reused : - Harbottle Castle ( ) is a 19th - century mansion house situate at the east end of Harbottle village . Stone from the derelict medieval castle was used in the building of a 17th - century manor house . The manor was acquired by Percival Clennell in 1796 and in 1829 the house was replaced on the site with a two - storied five - bayed mansion designed by architect John Dobson for Fenwick Clennell . The house is protected with Grade II listed building status . The stable block was converted into a separate house in 1890 .
Finnish submarine Saukko Saukko ( Pu110 ) was a small submarine that served in the Finnish Navy during the second World War . It was designed not to exceed 100 tonnes , as it was planned for use in Lake Ladoga , and according to the 1920 Treaty of Tartu , no nation was allowed to use naval ships of more than 100 tonnes on the lake ( When completed , Saukko weighed somewhat more than this ) . The submarine could be divided into separate sections and transported by rail . The conning tower could be lifted off entirely . The engines were in the aft section and the batteries in the forward section . The name " Saukko " means European otter . The construction of Saukko . The construction of " Saukko " began in 1928 at Sandvikens shipyard in Helsinki . The design was based on German drawings for the submarine " Pu110 " ( " smaller , quickly assemblable submarine prototype " ) . Launched on 2 July 1930 , Saukko was declared ready for service on 16 December 1930 . At that time it was the world ' s smallest submarine , officially weighing only 99 tonnes . " Saukkos " crew consisted of 15 men . The outer hull was designed for icy conditions . Operational history . Original plans called for " Saukko " to be brought to the town of Lahdenpohja on Lake Ladoga via rail , but this was never implemented . During the Winter War ( 1939 – 1940 ) and the Continuation War ( 1941 – 1944 ) , the submarine operated in the Gulf of Finland . Winter War . " Saukko " , accompanied by several motor torpedo boats , was towed by the gunboat Karjala to Koivisto on 7 December 1939 . Since hostilities had started before the Finnish Navy had not had a chance to lay defensive minefields outside their coastal forts , it was hoped that " Saukko " might be able to accomplish that task . A Leningrad class destroyer and five other Soviet destroyers reached the area on 8 December , and began to shell Finnish positions . The slow " Saukko " was unable to engage the Soviet destroyer group . On the following day ice prevented Finnish boats from sortieing against the bombarding Soviet ships , and when the ice was finally broken , half of the air valves on " Saukko " were frozen , which nearly caused the boat to capsize when it tried to submerge to lay a minefield . After these failures the Finnish boats were withdrawn from the area . Continuation War . On 3 July 1941 " Saukko " was patrolling off the island of Sommers when she sighted a couple of patrol vessels by the pier . The submarine fired a torpedo but was forced to withdraw , without being able to observe results , by harassing Soviet patrol boats .
HMS Arrogant ( 1761 ) HMS " Arrogant " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 22 January 1761 at Harwich . She was the first of the " Arrogant " class ships of the line , designed by Sir Thomas Slade . She took part in the Action of 8 September 1796 . In 1801 , she was converted to a sheer hulk , and in 1810 she was broken up .
HMS Finwhale ( S05 ) HMS " Finwhale " ( S05 ) was the fifth " Porpoise " class submarine of the Royal Navy . She was launched on the 21st July 1959 and first commissioned on 19 August 1960 . Operational Service . During her first commission she went further under the ice than any other submarine at the time . She was recommissioned on 27 January 1964 . In March 1965 on her second Arctic patrol she further eclipsed her first ice patrol , penetrating 95 miles into the ice . She was present at Portsmouth Navy Days in 1965 and 1966 . While in the Far East she was fitted with an oerlikon deck gun . She was used as a harbour training vessel between 1979 and 1987 . She left under tow for scrapping in Spain on 28 March 1988 . She has been the only ship of the Royal Navy to be named after the Fin Whale .
539 Assault Squadron RM 539 Assault Squadron Royal Marines ( RM ) is 3 Commando Brigade ' s integral amphibious movement capability , delivering them on to land from water and patrolling waterways . It also contains the Royal Marines Armoured Support Group operating the Viking BvS10 All Terrain Amphibious Armoured Vehicle . They are based in the new Royal Marines Tamar complex at the northern end of Devonport Naval Base . History . 539 ASRM was formed on 2 April 1984 and commissioned operational on 24 July 1984 . This was in direct response to lessons learned during the Falklands Conflict in 1982 . More recent operations include Operation Telic . 539 ASRM supported 3 Cdo Bde as they took the Al - Faw Peninsula , carrying out numerous operations such as several landings and the clearing of various waterways . 539 ASRM continued to operate in Iraq , performing security patrols of Iraq ' s southern ports and water networks until the end of Operation Telic . In July 2011 a landing craft from RFA " Cardigan Bay " landed two Vikings and Royal Marines of 539 Assault Squadron in Somaliland . They penetrated several miles of " bandit country " to meet up with an important clan chief and take him back to " Cardigan Bay " for a meeting with MI6 and Foreign Office officials . This was part of Exercise Somaliland Cougar , an operation to train Somali coastguards in anti - piracy techniques and to establish relationships with tribal leaders . Today the Squadron consists of over 100 personnel and is equipped with a variety of Landing Craft including Hovercraft ( LCAC ( L ) ) , Rigid Raider s and Landing Craft Vehicle / Personnel . 539 Assault Squadron is named after the famous 539 Assault Flotilla which landed on Gold Beach during the Invasion of Normandy .