naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Block Island ( CVE - 21 ) USS " Block Island " ( CVE - 21 / AVG - 21 / ACV - 21 ) was a for the United States Navy during World War II . She was the first of two escort carriers named after Block Island Sound off Rhode Island . " Block Island " was launched on 6 June 1942 by Seattle - Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation of Seattle , Washington , under a Maritime Commission contract ; sponsored by Mrs . H . B . Hutchinson , wife of Commander Hutchinson ; transferred to the United States Navy on 1 May 1942 ; and commissioned on 8 March 1943 , Captain Logan C . Ramsey in command . Originally classified AVG - 21 , she became ACV - 21 on 20 August 1942 , and CVE - 21 on 15 July 1943 . Service history . Departing San Diego , California in May 1943 , " Block Island " steamed to Norfolk , Virginia , to join the Atlantic Fleet . After two trips from New York City to Belfast , United Kingdom , during the summer of 1943 with cargoes of Army fighter s , she operated as part of a hunter - killer group . During her four anti - submarine cruises , " Block Island " ′ s planes sank two submarines : in on 28 October 1943 and in on 19 March 1944 . She shared credit with destroyer and destroyer escort for the sinking of in on 17 March 1944 and with for sunk on 6 May 1944 in . , , and " Bronstein " sank on 1 March 1943 and the same day " Bronstein " got . Sinking . " Block Island " was torpedo ed off the Canary Islands at 20 : 13 on 29 May 1944 . had slipped undetected through her screen . The submarine put three torpedoes into the carrier before being sunk herself by and of the screen in . The carrier lost 6 men in the attack ; the remaining 951 were picked up by the escort screen . Awards . " Block Island " received two battle star s for her service .
Philip John Gardner Philip John ( " Pip " ) Gardner VC MC ( 25 December 1914 – 14 February 2003 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was educated at Dulwich College between 1928 and 1932 . Gardner was 26 years old , and an acting captain in the 4th Royal Tank Regiment , British Army during the Second World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 23 November 1941 at Tobruk , Libya , Captain Gardner was ordered to take two tanks to the rescue of two armoured cars of the King ' s Dragoon Guards , which were out of action and under heavy attack . While one of his tanks gave covering fire the captain dismounted from the other in the face of heavy fire , hitched a tow rope to one of the cars , then lifted into it an officer , both of whose legs had been blown off . The tow rope broke , so Captain Gardner returned to the armoured car , but was immediately wounded in the neck , arm and leg . Despite this he managed to transfer the wounded man to the second tank and returned to British lines through intense shell - fire . Following the Battle of Gazala , he was captured and became a POW for the remainder of the war . His VC is on display at the Imperial War Museum in London .
Phalera ( military decoration ) A phalera was a gold , silver , or bronze sculpted disk worn on the breastplate during parades by Roman soldier s who had been awarded it as a kind of medal . Roman military units could also be awarded phalerae for distinguished conduct in action . These awards were often mounted on the staffs of the unit ' s standards . The term also refers to disks crafted by the continental Celts for religious and ornamental purposes , especially those used on equestrian gear .
Ansaldo A . 120 The Ansaldo A . 120 ( sometimes called the FIAT A . 120 , since FIAT ( " Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino " - Italian Automobile Factory of Turin ) bought Ansaldo ) was a reconnaissance aircraft developed in Italy in the 1920s . It was a conventional , parasol - wing monoplane with fixed tailskid undercarriage which accommodated the pilot and observer in tandem open cockpits . The design was based on a wing developed for the Ansaldo A . 115 and the fuselage of the Dewoitine D . 1 fighters that Ansaldo had built under licence . The type was operated in modest quantities by the Italian Air Force , and was exported to the air forces of Austria and Lithuania , the latter ' s machines remaining in service until the Soviet annexation of the country .
165th Ohio Infantry The 165th Ohio Volunteer Infantry ( or 165th OVI ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 165th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati , Ohio and mustered in May 15 , 1864 for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Alexander Rohlander . The regiment only had enough men for eight companies . The regiment served duty at Camp Dennison until May 20 then moved to Johnson ' s Island , Ohio , May 20 , and served guard duty there until June 25 . Moved to Kentucky June 25 , and served duty there until August . Moved to Cumberland , Maryland , August 8 , and served in Maryland and Virginia until August 27 . The 165th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service August 31 , 1864 at Camp Dennison . Ohio National Guard . Over 35 , 000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864 . Shipped to the Eastern Theater , they were designed to be placed in " safe " rear areas to protect railroads and supply points , thereby freeing regular troops for Lt . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant ’ s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond , Virginia . As events transpired , many units found themselves in combat , stationed in the path of Confederate Gen . Jubal Early ’ s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864 . Ohio Guard units met the battle - tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington , D . C . from capture . Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy , Fort Stevens , Harpers Ferry , and in the siege of Petersburg . Casualties . The regiment lost 2 enlisted men during service , both due to disease .
PP - 2000 The PP - 2000 is a Russian submachinegun developed by KBP Description . The PP - 2000 is the latest development of the famous Instrument Design Bureau ( KBP ) from Tula , Russia . It has been first displayed on public in 2004 , although the patent for its layout has been filed in 2001 and issued in 2003 . Today ( mid - 2007 ) it is already in use with some Law Enforcement ( police and state security ) units of Russian Federation . The main " niche " for PP - 2000 is a personal defense weapon for non - infantry military personnel , as well as close combat weapon for special forces and special law enforcement teams . As such , it is a compact weapon with as few parts as possible for enhanced reliability , simplified maintenance and low cost . Also , it is designed to fire any standard 9x19mm " ball " ( FMJ ) ammunition , as well as + P + class 7N31 armor piercing ammunition of Russian origin . When loaded with 7N31 ammo , PP - 2000 offers enhanced penetration against body armor , while maintaining stopping power against " soft targets " , which is believed to be superior to foreign small - caliber rivals , like 5 . 7mm FN P90 or 4 . 6mm Heckler & Koch H & K MP7 . The PP - 2000 is a conventional blowback operated submachine gun , and it is fired from closed bolt for enhanced accuracy . The bolt is telescoped around the rear part of the barrel ; front part of the bolt is exposed above the barrel and is fitted with side - folding charging handle . The receiver / housing is made from polymer as a single unit with pistol grip and trigger guard . Trigger guard is enlarged and its front part is shaped to provide front hand grip . The magazine housing is located inside the pistol grip ; Housing for spare magazine is located at the rear end of the receiver , and , when inserted , spare magazine is used as a crude shoulder support ( buttstock ) , although and optional removable side - folding butt is currently offered with the gun . Safety / fire mode selector is conveniently located at the left side of the receiver , above the pistol grip . PP2000 is fitted with fixed open sights , and a Picatinny - type accessory rail is provided on the top of the receiver cover . This weapon is most often encountered with various types of red - dot sights , best suitable for close combat . Special mount permits intallation of the tactical light or laser aiming module below the front part of the enlarged trigger guard .
USNS Antioch ( T - AG - 180 ) USNS " Antioch " ( T - AG - 180 ) was the United States Navy name assigned to the United States Merchant Marine Victory Ship SS " Alfred Victory " . She was built in 1945 and had a tonnage of 7 , 607 GRT . On February 14 , 1946 , " Alfred Victory " was off Beachy Head in the English Channel when she was involved in a collision with a British coastal collier , the 1 , 552 GRT SS " Fulham VII " , which then sank . " Alfred Victory " was one of 12 ships scheduled to be acquired by the United States Navy in February 1966 and converted into Forward Depot Ships for the Military Sea Transport Service . " Alfred Victory " ( MCV - 745 ) was chosen for this conversion and assigned the name USNS " Antioch " , but the program was canceled and the ships were not acquired by the Navy . From 1 July 1984 , " Alfred Victory " was laid up in Suisun Bay , California , as part of the National Defense Reserve Fleet .
Pushkin Airport Pushkin Airport ( ) is an airport in Leningrad Oblast , Russia located 28 km south of Saint Petersburg . It handles small airliners . It was home to 147 OVZ RZB regiment flying Mi - 8 helicopters and contains Il - 18 , Il - 22 , and Il - 38 aircraft .
Clayton Barney Vogel Major General Clayton Barney Vogel was a United States Marine Corps general who served in a variety of capacities from 1902 until 1946 . He is best known for his support of the Navajo code talker program . Early life . Vogel was born on 18 September 1882 in Philadelphia , P . A . His father , Theodore Knight Vogel was a founding member of the Loyal Legion and a Captain in the Union Army . He graduated from Rutgers University in 1904 . He was commissioned into the Marine Corps in 1904 . Navajo Code Talkers . On February 28 , 1942 , General Vogel testing the idea of the Navajo code talkers by " installing a telephone connection between two offices and wrote out six messages that were typical of those sent during combat . One of those messages read " Enemy expected to make tank and dive bomber attack at dawn . " The Navajo managed to transmit the message almost verbatim : " Enemy tank dive bomber expected to attack this morning . " The remaining messages were translated with similar proficiency , which duly impressed General Vogel On 6 March 1942 , General Vogel wrote a letter to the Commandant of the Marine Corps Thomas Holcomb recommending the Navajo Code Talkers . The Navajo were recommended , in part , because Nazi Germany had not infiltrated the Navajo as they were the only " tribe that has not been infested with German students during the past twenty years . These Germans , studying the various tribal dialects under the guise of art students , anthropologists , etc . , have undoubedtly obtained a good working knowledge of all tribal dialects except Navaho . "
Siege of Fushimi The siege of Fushimi was a crucial battle in the series leading up to the decisive battle of Sekigahara which ended Japan ' s Sengoku period . Fushimi Castle was defended by a force loyal to Tokugawa Ieyasu ' s Eastern army , led by Torii Mototada . Knowing of his inevitable defeat , Torii ' s noble sacrifice diverted Ishida Mitsunari ' s attention , and part of his Western army , away from his Nakasendō fortresses , which were attacked by Tokugawa during the siege of Fushimi . Ultimately , the castle fell , but serving a crucial role in allowing for greater strategic victories for Tokugawa . Fushimi was originally built several years earlier , as a luxurious palace for Toyotomi Hideyoshi , but was destroyed by an earthquake in 1596 . Rebuilt by Tokugawa Ieyasu , he placed it under the care of Torii Mototada . As war with Ishida approached , Tokugawa saw that this would be a prime target for his enemies , as it stood quite close to Kyoto and guarded many of the approaches to , and past , the city . Visiting the castle , he discussed his fears with Torii , who assured his lord that he would be willing to sacrifice himself , and the castle , for the greater strategic gain of his lord . It is said he even suggested reducing the garrison , in order to free up warriors who could serve better purposes in other locations ; knowing the castle would fall anyway , he saw no need for the entire garrison to be sacrificed . Ishida ' s army began their assault on 27 August , but made little progress for ten days . At one point , one of the towers was even lit on fire , but was soon put out by a member of the garrison , who lost his life in the process . Ultimately , a message was sent into the castle tied to an arrow , explaining that the besieging army had taken the wife and children of one of the defenders hostage , and would crucify them unless he betrayed his compatriots . Thus , on 8 September , one of the towers was set aflame from within the castle , and a number of Ishida ' s men broke through . The central keep was then lit aflame , but Torii and his garrison continued to fight until all but ten had been killed . Torii and his family then committed suicide , his selfless sacrifice coming to be known later as a great example of samurai loyalty and honor . The castle would be regained by Tokugawa soon afterwards , following his victory at Sekigahara . The wooden floors from Fushimi Castle were moved to a Buddhist temple , Yōgen - in , also in Kyoto , where they were made into a ceiling . The bloodstained ceiling is still visible in the temple , and records from the period identify Torii ' s body / stains as well as those of his retainers .
John Taylor ( Medal of Honor ) John Taylor ( ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Taylor served in the U . S . Navy as a seaman stationed at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in New York . On September 9 , 1865 , he was in charge of the Navy Yard ' s picket boat as it patrolled the East River with the yard ' s executive officer , Commander Stephen Decatur Trenchard , on board . When a ferry boat and an English steamer collided , Trenchard ordered Taylor to pull their boat alongside the stricken ferry to render assistance . As Trenchard attempted to step onto the ferry , he lost his footing and fell into the water . Taylor then showed " rare coolness and judgment " as he rescued the officer . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on January 15 , 1866 . Taylor ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Seaman in charge of the picket boat attached to the Navy Yard , New York , 9 September 1865 . Acting with promptness , coolness and good judgment , Taylor rescued from drowning Commander S . D . Trenchard , of the U . S . Navy , who fell overboard in attempting to get on a ferryboat , which had collided with an English steamer , and needed immediate assistance .
568th Strategic Missile Squadron The 568th Strategic Missile Squadron ( 568 SMS ) is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 462d Strategic Aerospace Wing , stationed at Larson AFB , Washington On 1 April 1961 , the 568th Strategic Missile Squadron ( ICBM - Titan ) went on alert status as a Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) Intercontinental ballistic missile ( ICBM ) squadron , being equipped with the first - generation SM - 68 Titan I , with a mission of nuclear deterrence . The squadron was inactivated as part of the phaseout of the Titan I ICBM on 25 March 1965 History . World War II . First activated in early 1943 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bomber squadron , it trained under the Second Air Force . It deployed to England in the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) during July 1943 where it was assigned to VIII Bomber Command as a strategic bombardment squadron . The squadron participated in the air offensive over Nazi Germany and Occupied Europe until the German capitulation in May 1945 . Its personnel demobilized in England and returned to the United States ; the squadron was reassigned to the Second Air Force and was slated to be re - equipped with B - 29 Superfortress es for deployment to the Pacific Theater . The Japanese capitulation led to the squadron ' s inactivation in August 1945 , being neither manned or equipped . The squadron was activated in the postwar Air Force Reserve as a B - 29 unit in 1947 and inactivated due to budget reductions in 1949 . Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Squadron . It was re - activated in 1961 as a Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) HGM - 25A Titan I ICBM launch unit . SAC placed the 568th Strategic Missile Squadron on operational status on 25 September 1962 . The squadron was deployed in a 3x3 configuration , which meant a total of nine missiles were divided into three bases . Each base had three ICBMs ready to launch at any given time . On 19 November 1964 , Defense Secretary Robert McNamara announced the phase - out of the remaining first - generation SM - 65 Atlas and Titan I missiles by the end of June 1965 . Consequently , the Titan Is of the 568th SMS were removed from alert status on 4 January 1965 . The last missile was shipped out on 8 February . The Air Force subsequently inactivated the squadron on 25 March . Missile sites were later sold off to private ownership after demilitarization . Today the remains of the sites are still visible in aerial imagery , in various states of use or abandonment .
Siege of Fort William The siege of Fort William , Scotland took place between 20 March and 3 April 1746 . Prior to the siege the Jacobites had forced the surrender of Fort Augustus after a siege of just two days , from where they proceeded to Fort William with cannons they had taken from Fort Augustus . They arrived with siege cannon on 20 March and both Cameron of Lochiel and MacDonald of Keppoch wrote to their Jacobite leader , Charles Edward Stuart to tell him that they had declared war on the Clan Campbell . In their letters they both claimed many war crimes had been committed against them by the Campbells , including the burning of 400 homes in a single day . The siege began on 20 March 1746 and lasted for two weeks . However the pro - government clans who held the fort were well supplied by the Royal Navy who could send ships via Loch Linnhe , as a result the fort held fast . On the 22nd , the Jacobites sent a drummer to Captain Scott , the commanding officer , with a letter , requiring him to surrender , but his answer was , that he would defend the place to the last extremity . The bombardment was then renewed on both sides for some hours , but at last the garrison silenced the besiegers by beating down their principal battery . For two weeks the fort withstood a bombardment before sending out a force of men from the garrison who took a number of the Jacobite ' s guns , mortars and their shot furnace . The garrison of the fort also launched a " sally " on the 31 March which destroyed the remaining Jacobite guns and by the 3 April the Jacobites had abandoned the siege completely .
HMS E37 HMS " E37 " was a British E class submarine built by Fairfield , Govan , Clyde . She was laid down on 25 September 1915 and was commissioned on 17 March 1916 . HMS " E37 " was lost in the North Sea on 1 December 1916 . There were no survivors .
Hōjō Ujiteru ( 1540 ? – August 10 , 1590 ) was a Japanese samurai , who was the son of Hōjō Ujiyasu and lord of Hachiōji Castle in what is now Tokyo . Ujiteru commanded a major force at the Battle of Mimasetoge , where he unsuccessfully attempted to prevent Takeda Shingen from withdrawing to his home province of Kai after besieging the Hōjō ' s core castle at Odawara . After the Hōjō were defeated in the 1590 Siege of Odawara , Ujiteru was forced to commit seppuku along with his brother Ujimasa . The grave of Hojo Ujiteru exists in two places : one located in Odawara city and another located at the site of Hachioji castle .
Ruslan Tsalikov Ruslan Tsalikov ( ) is a Russian Deputy Minister of Defence and Order of Honour recipient . Biography . Tsalikov was born on July 31 , 1956 in Ordzhonikidze , the North Ossetian ASSR . He graduated from the North Ossetian State University which was named in honour of K . L . Khetagurov in 1978 and five years later got a degree from Moscow Institute of National Economy . Between those years he was an intern researcher in the same place and from 1983 to 1987 was a lecturer on labour economics and the same year became a subdean of the Economics Faculty at the same university . From 1987 to 1989 he was Economic Affairs ' General Director and from 1989 to 1990 worked at Control - and - Auditing Directorate as the Chief Controller . Tsalikov worked as Minister of Finance of North Ossetia for four years starting from 1990 and from 1994 till 2000 was the Chief of the Main Financial and Economic Administration under Boris Yeltsin . From 2000 to 2005 he worked for Ministry of Emergency Situations . He was promoted to the State Secretary by Vladimir Putin , a position which he held from 2005 to 2007 . From May to November 15 , 2012 he was the Vice Governor of the Moscow Region and starting from that date on , under Presidential Decree , he was promoted to Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation . He is scheduled to run for governor on September 8 , 2013 in Moscow .
Kosmos 2449 Kosmos 2449 ( meaning " Cosmos 2449 " ) is one of a set of three Russia n military satellites launched in 2008 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system . It was launched with Kosmos 2447 and Kosmos 2448 . This satellite is a GLONASS - M satellite , also known as Uragan - M , and is numbered Uragan - M No . 729 . Kosmos 2447 / 8 / 9 were launched from Site 81 / 24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 10 : 43 UTC on 25 December 2008 . The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2008 - 067B . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 33467 . It is not currently part of the GLONASS constellation . It became operational on 12 February 2009 and was withdrawn for maintenance on 10 September 2012 . It is still in orbital slot 8 in orbital plane 1 .