naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
424 Transport and Rescue Squadron 424 Transport and Rescue Squadron ( French : " 424e Escadron de transport et de sauvetage " ) , nicknamed " Tiger Squadron " , is a Royal Canadian Air Force strategic transport and search and rescue unit based at Canadian Forces Base ( CFB ) Trenton in the Canadian province of Ontario . The squadron is the primary provider of search and rescue response for the Trenton Search and Rescue Region , which extends from Quebec City to the Rocky Mountains , and from the Canada – United States border to the North Pole , covering an area of over ten million square kilometres in Central , Western , and Northern Canada . The squadron operates the Lockheed CC - 130H Hercules transport aircraft and the Bell CH - 146 Griffon helicopter . Pararescue specialists , known as Search and Rescue Technicians ( SAR Techs ) are on constant standby to deploy within 30 minutes of notification during weekdays and 2 hours at other times . History . No . 424 Squadron RCAF was formed on 15 October 1942 in Topcliffe , England as a bomber squadron . On 1 January 1943 it joined No . 6 Group RCAF and took part in night bombing raids on Germany until 16 April 1943 . It was then transferred to North Africa for attacks on Italian targets for three months and stationed in Tunisia during that time . Returning to the United Kingdom it was equipped with Halifaxes for a year and after January 1945 with Lancasters . During this period it was also known as No . 424 ( Tiger ) Squadron . The squadron disbanded on 15 October 1945 and was reactivated a year later at RCAF Station Hamilton as an auxiliary light bomber squadron , then deactivated again in 1964 . On 8 July 1968 , during the unification of the Canadian Forces , the squadron was reactivated as 424 Communications and Transport Squadron , operating from Hangar 9 at CFB Trenton . The squadron has received sixteen battle honours and has flown more than 14 different types of aircraft during its history . On 27 October 2011 , the squadron acknowledged the death of Sergeant Janick Gilbert , a Search and Rescue technician who perished while participating in a rescue mission in the waters of Nunavut .
Joint Force Harrier Joint Strike Wing , previously known as Joint Force Harrier , was the British military formation which controlled the STOVL Harrier aircraft of the Royal Air Force and Fleet Air Arm . It was sub - ordinate to RAF Air Command . Upon its disbandment there were two operational Joint Strike Wing squadrons , one Fleet Air Arm and one Royal Air Force , plus an RAF Operational Conversion Unit . History . Joint Force Harrier was established on 1 April 2000 in response to the proposal brought by the British Government as part of Strategic Defence Review . Originally called Joint Force 2000 , it combined the Royal Navy ' s two Sea Harrier FA2 squadrons with the RAF ' s four Harrier GR7 / 7A squadrons under a single command structure within RAF Strike Command . This force was to be deployable from both " Invincible " class aircraft carrier s , Royal Air Force station s and deployed air base s . The Royal Navy ' s contribution to the force was the Sea Harrier previously part of Naval Air Command . . In 2006 , No . 3 Squadron RAF converted to the Eurofighter Typhoon . In the same year , the Sea Harrier was retired and 800 Naval Air Squadron re - equipped with former 3 Squadron Harrier GR7 and GR9 aircraft . At the same time , the size of operational squadrons reduced from 12 aircraft to nine . The Naval Air Squadron operated but did not own the aircraft . 801 Naval Air Squadron was also intended to reform with Harrier GR7 / 9s in 2007 . However , on 9 March 2007 , the Naval Strike Wing ( NSW ) was formed . This saw elements of both Fleet Air Arm squadrons amalgamate into a single operational squadron for deployment either on land ( such as Afghanistan ) or aboard the Royal Navy ' s two aircraft carriers ( HMS " Illustrious " & HMS " Ark Royal " ) On 1 April 2010 , NSW reverted to the identity of 800 Naval Air Squadron . On 31 March 2010 , the force was reduced by one squadron with the disbandment of No . 20 Squadron RAF , the Harrier Operational Conversion Unit ( OCU ) . No . 4 Squadron also disbanded and reformed as No . 4 ( Reserve ) Squadron at RAF Wittering , taking over as the OCU . At the same time , Joint Force Harrier was renamed Joint Strike Wing and all remaining Harrier GR7 aircraft were retired . Until 2010 , it was intended that the Harrier GR9 fleet would continue in service until replaced by 138 STOVL - capable F - 35B Lightning II aircraft around 2018 . However , on 19 October 2010 , as part of the UK government ' s Strategic Defence and Security Review , it was announced that the Harrier out - of - service date was to be brought forward to April 2011 . HMS " Ark Royal " , the final Royal Navy strike carrier , launched her final fixed wing aircraft on 24 November 2010 when the four embarked Harrier GR9s left the ship to return to land . On 15 December 2010 , a 16 aircraft flypast from RAF Cottesmore marked the final operational flights of British Harriers . 1 ( F ) Squadron , 4 ( R ) Squadron and 800 NAS were disbanded on 28 January 2011 .
SM UB - 113 SM " UB - 113 " was a German Type UB III submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 25 April 1918 as SM " UB - 113 " . " UB - 113 " was lost in autumn 1918 for unknown reasons . Construction . She was built by Blohm & Voss of Hamburg and following just under a year of construction , launched at Hamburg on 23 September 1917 . " UB - 113 " was commissioned in the spring the next year . Like all Type UB III submarines , " UB - 113 " carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a deck gun . " UB - 113 " would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of . " UB - 113 " had a displacement of while surfaced and when submerged . Her engines enabled her to travel at when surfaced and when submerged .
11th Alabama Infantry The 11th Regiment Alabama Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 11th Alabama was mustered in at Lynchburg , Virginia , on June 17 , 1861 . Some of the companies making up the regiment had been already in service for several months at the time of mustering . The regiment surrendered at Appomattox Court House . Total strength and casualties . The 11th mustered 1192 men during its existence . The regiment suffered approximately 270 killed in action or mortally wounded and 200 men who died of disease , for a total of approximately 470 fatalities . An additional 170 men were discharged from the regiment and 80 were transferred to other units .
Principality of Leyen The Principality of Leyen was a Napoleonic German state which existed 1806 – 14 in Hohengeroldseck , in the west of modern Baden - Württemberg . The House of Leyen had acquired many districts in western Germany , and eventually these were inherited by the Leyen line of counts at Adendorf . In 1797 , France defeated the Holy Roman Empire and all lands west of the Rhine were lost . Following the defeat of Austria in 1806 , Count Philip Francis of Adendorf was raised to a Prince , and his lands were renamed to the ' Principality of Leyen ' . The territory formed an enclave surrounded by Baden . Prince Philip Francis , like many other members of the Confederation of the Rhine became largely a French puppet , so following Napoleon ' s defeat at the Battle of Leipzig in 1813 , the Congress of Vienna opted to mediatise his realm and give it to Austria . In 1819 , Austria traded it to Baden .
Pierre Dufaur de Gavardie Lieutenant Pierre Henri Edmond Dufaur de Gavardie ( 20 January 1890 – 4 October 1966 ) was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Dufaur de Gavardie was wounded in action on 7 February 1917 . He died on 4 October 1966 at the age of 76 .
Al - Nu ' man VI ibn al - Mundhir Al - Nuʿmān ibn al - Mundhir ( ) , known in Greek sources as Naamanes ( ) was a king of the Ghassanids , a Christian Arab tribe allied to the Byzantine Empire . The eldest son of Al - Mundhir III ibn al - Harith , he rose in revolt with his tribe after his father was treacherously arrested by the Byzantines in 581 . After two years of revolt , seeking to reconcile himself with the Empire , he visited the new emperor , Maurice ( r . 582 – 602 ) , at Constantinople . Refusing to renounce his Monophysite faith , he was arrested and exiled to Sicily , where his father had been banned earlier . This event marked the end of the Ghassanid control over the Byzantines ' Arab " foederati " and the fragmentation of this strong buffer against invasions from the desert .
Fairey Firefly I The Fairey Firefly was a British fighter of the 1920s from Fairey Aviation . It was a single - seat , single - engine biplane of mixed construction . Development . The Firefly was a private - venture design , penned by Marcel Lobelle . It was first flown on 9 November 1925 by Norman Macmillan . The Air Ministry did not pursue the project , partly because of the American Curtiss engine used and partly because of its wooden construction and the Firefly I did not enter production .
USS N - 3 ( SS - 55 ) Service history . Following sea trails in Puget Sound , " N - 3 " , with sister ships and , departed the Navy Yard on 21 November 1917 . The three submarines arrived at New London , Connecticut , on 7 February 1918 . From here , " N - 3 " patrolled along the New England coast and off Long Island . On 23 July , a British steamer mistook " N - 3 " as a German U - boat and fired on her at a range of only 50 yards . Although hit by a six - inch shell , the submarine suffered only slight damage and after repairs at sea , was able to proceed to New York Navy Yard under her own power . Following permanent repairs , " N - 3 " returned to the Submarine School , New London for patrol and training duty through 1920 . Departing New London on 1 June 1921 , " N - 3 " sailed for Toledo , Ohio . One of the first submarines to navigate the St . Lawrence River and the Great Lakes , she put in at Halifax , Nova Scotia , Quebec , Montreal , and Port Dalhousie before arriving Toledo , Ohio , on 25 June . She remained there for 11 days , open to the public for inspection . Departing on 6 July , she returned to New London , arriving on 20 July , and from there cruised along the East Coast from Halifax to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , conducting training cruises . Departing New London , she sailed for the Philadelphia Navy Yard , where she decommissioned on 30 April 1926 . She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 18 December 1930 and was scrapped in mid - 1931 .
Assistant Secretary of the Air Force ( Acquisition ) The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force ( Acquisition ) ( abbreviated SAF / AQ ) is a civilian office in the United States Department of the Air Force . The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force ( Acquisition ) is the United States Air Force service acquisition executive ( SAE ) , responsible for all Air Force research , development and non - space acquisition activities . He / she provides direction , guidance and supervision of all matters pertaining to the formulation , review , approval and execution of acquisition plans , policies and programs . The SAE directs $ 30 billion annual investments that include major programs like the KC - X , F - 22A , F - 35 , C - 17 and munitions , as well as capability areas such as information technology and command and control , intelligence , surveillance and reconnaissance ( C4ISR ) systems . The SAE formulates and executes the $ 210 billion Air Force investment strategy to acquire systems and support services to provide combat capability to joint warfighting commanders . As of May 2011 , Major General Wendy M . Masiello was Deputy Assistant Secretary for Contracting , Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force ( Acquisition ) , based at the Pentagon . She was responsible for all aspects of contracting relating to the acquisition of weapon systems , logistics , operational , and contingency support for the Air Force . She was promoted to Major General in December 2010 . As of April 2012 , the acting Assistant Secretary of the Air Force ( Acquisition ) position is vacant .
Siege of São Filipe The Siege of the Fortress of São Filipe , was fought during 11 months from 27 March 1641 to 4 March 1642 , near Angra , Azores , between Spanish and Portuguese over the control of the fort of São Filipe . After months of intense fighting the Portuguese were victorious and the Spanish garrison was defeated with very heavy losses .
Volunteer Reserves Service Medal The Volunteer Reserves Service Medal ( VRSM ) is a medal awarded to all members of the reserves of all of the branches of the British Armed Forces - the Royal Naval Reserve , the Royal Marines Reserve , the Territorial Army and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force . It replaced the separate decorations and medals awarded respectively to officers and other ranks in each of the services - the Royal Navy ' s Reserve Decoration and Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal , the British Army ' s Territorial Decoration and Efficiency Medal ( Territorial ) , and the Royal Air Force ' s Air Efficiency Award - from 1 April 1999 . Description . The medal is a silver oval , 38mm high and 32mm wide , with an image of the monarch on the obverse and the words " For Service in the Volunteer Reserves " on the reverse , above a sprig of oak leaves and acorns . The medal is suspended from a ribbon that represents each of the services ( narrow stripes of navy blue , red and sky blue , for the Navy , Army and Air Force , respectively ) separated by a thin strip of yellow from dark green bands ( representing the Reserves ) on either side . Members of the Honourable Artillery Company receive the same medal but with their own ribbon . Criteria . The VRSM is awarded after 10 years service in the reserves , although service in the regular forces before joining the reserves may count towards the qualifying period . However , a maximum of five years regular service can be counted and this service is counted as half qualifying time ie five years regular service counts as two and a half years service towards this medal . A clasp is awarded for each additional 5 years of service . Unlike earlier decorations , a recipient is not entitled to post - nominal letters .
1 - inch Nordenfelt gun The 1 - inch Nordenfelt gun was an early rapid - firing light gun intended to defend larger warships against the new small fast - moving torpedo boat s in the late 1870s to the early 1880s . Description . The gun was an enlarged version of the successful rifle - calibre Nordenfelt hand - cranked " machine gun " designed by Helge Palmcrantz and was intended to combine its rapid rate of fire with a projectile capable of deterring attacking torpedo boats . The gun fired a solid steel bullet with hardened tip and brass jacket : under the terms of the St . Petersburg Declaration of 1868 , exploding shells weighing less than 400 grams were not allowed to be used in warfare between the signatory nations . The gun was used in one , two and four - barrel versions . The ammunition was fed by gravity from a hopper above the breech subdivided into separate columns for each barrel . The gunner loaded and fired the multiple barrels by moving a lever on the right side of the gun forward and backwards . Pulling the lever backwards extracted the fired cartridges , pushing it forward then loaded fresh cartridges into all the barrels , and the final part of the forward motion fired all the barrels , one at a time in quick succession . Hence the gun functioned as a type of volley gun , firing bullets in bursts , compared to the contemporary Gatling gun and the true machine guns which succeeded it such as the Maxim gun , which fired at a steady continuous rate . The gunner was occupied with manually operating the loading and firing lever , while the gun captain aimed the gun and operated the elevation and training handwheels . It was superseded for anti - torpedo boat defence in the mid - 1880s by the new generation of Hotchkiss and Nordenfelt " QF " guns of 47 - mm and 57 - mm calibre firing exploding " common pointed " shells weighing 3 – 6 pounds .
Royal Signals Motorcycle Display Team The Royal Signals Motorcycle Display Team ( RSMDT ) , also known as the White Helmets , is a group of serving soldiers from the Royal Corps of Signals of the British Army , who give public displays of motorcycling skills , acrobatics and stunt riding . The team is based at the home of the Royal Signals at Blandford Camp in Dorset . Origins . The team ' s origins lie in precision motorcycling and horseriding demonstrations given by instructors and students from the British Army Signal Training Centre in Yorkshire , beginning in 1927 . Riders were normally employed as despatch rider s . They have had many names in the past including ' The Red Devils ' , before the Parachute Regiment team of the same name existed , Mad Signals ( on account of the poor brakes on the motorcycles ) and only adopted the name ' White Helmets ' in 1963 . Today ' s team . Today ' s team consists of 30 soldiers , all volunteers from within the Royal Signals . New members begin with two weeks ' induction in November and the whole team spends the winter learning routines and stunts , culminating in an opening display in April where white motorcycle helmet s are ceremonially presented to successful new recruits by the Signal Officer - in - Chief . The remainder of the summer is spent touring , giving public performances at events throughout the United Kingdom and abroad such as the Royal Military Tournament . In the 1980s , the team participated prominently in a British television advertisement for Texaco petrol stations . Dress and equipment . Team members wear a tailored blue uniform and open - face white motorcycle helmets and traditionally use Triumph motorcycles . Indeed , they still ride 750cc Millennium Triumph TR7V Tiger motorcycles adopted since originally supplied by the Meriden Motorcycle co - operative in the mid - 1970s and since by Les Harris .
Siege of Paris ( 1590 ) The Siege of Paris took place in 1590 during the French Wars of Religion when the French Royal Army under Henry of Navarre , and supported by the Huguenots , failed to capture the city of Paris from the Catholic League , and was finally successfully relieved by the Spanish army under the command of Don Alessandro Farnese , Duke of Parma . Background . After his decisive Protestant victory over the Catholic forces commanded by Charles , Duke of Mayenne and Charles of Guise , Duke of Aumale at the Battle of Ivry on 14 March 1590 , Henry of Navarre advanced with his troops on his main objective of Paris , possession of which would allow him to confirm his contested claim to the French throne . Paris at the time was a large walled city of around 200 , 000 – 220 , 000 people . Siege of Paris . On 7 May , Henry ' s army surrounded the city , imposing a blockade and burning windmills to prevent a food supply from reaching Paris . Henry had at this point only around 12 , 000 – 13 , 000 troops , facing an enemy of around 30 , 000 – 50 , 000 . Owing to the limited amount of heavy siege artillery that Henry had brought , it was likely that Paris could only be compelled to surrender through starvation . The city ' s defense was placed in the hands of the young Charles Emmanuel , Duke of Nemours . Henry set up his artillery on the hills of Montmartre , and bombarded the city from there . In July his force was swelled by reinforcements to 25 , 000 and by August he had overrun all the outlying suburbs of the city . Henry tried to negotiate the surrender of Paris , but his terms were rejected and the siege continued . On 30 August , news reached the city that a Spanish - Catholic relief army under the general Don Alessandro Farnese , Duke of Parma ( " Spanish : Alejandro Farnesio " ) , was on its way . The Duke of Parma and his troops were able to send food supplies into the city , and after a final attack on the ramparts failed , Henry broke off his siege and retreated . An estimated 40 , 000 – 50 , 000 of the population died during the siege , most of starvation . Aftermath . After repeated failures to take the capital city of Paris , Henry IV converted to Catholicism , declaring that " " Paris is well worth a Mass " " . The war - weary Parisians turned on the Catholic League ' s hardliners when they continued the conflict even after Henry had converted . Paris jubilantly welcomed the formerly Protestant Henry of Navarre in 1593 , and he was crowned King of France . He later issued the Edict of Nantes in an attempt to end the religious strife that had torn the country apart .
USS Meadowlark ( AMS - 196 ) USS " Meadowlark " ( AMS - 196 ) was a " Falcon " - class coastal minesweeper acquired by the United States Navy for clearing coastal minefields . " Meadowlark " was laid down on 18 May 1953 by Broward Marine Inc . , Fort Lauderdale , Florida , and launched on 28 August 1954 , sponsored by Mrs . Thomas E . Sheridan . Reclassified as Coastal Minesweeper MSC - 196 on 7 February 1955 , and commissioned on 10 May 1955 , Lt . J . P . Cromwell in command . East Coast operations . " Meadowlark " conducted shakedown training out of Charleston , South Carolina . This remained her home port into 1969 , except for a period commencing February 1956 when assigned to the Naval Mine Warfare School , Yorktown , Virginia . She conducted operations from Nova Scotia to the Panama Canal Zone , and in January 1967 visited Curaçao , Netherlands West Indies . With Mine Squadron 42 she twice participated in joint exercises with the Canadian Navy the first time off Nova Scotia in July 1958 and again in June 1963 along the Florida coast . Military awards and honors . An eager competitor in fleet exercises and battle problems , MSC - 196 was recognized for her operational readiness . From 1962 she won five consecutive Battle Efficiency " E " awards and accumulated an equal number of awards for excellence in mine counter measures . Decommissioning . " Meadowlark " was transferred to Indonesia in 1971 as " Pulau Alau " ( M 717 ) ; struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 May 1976 ; and , sold , 1 September 1976 . Fate : unknown .
HMS Riviera HMS " Riviera " was built as a fast Cross - Channel steamer for the South East and Chatham Railway Co . The ship was requisitioned by the Admiralty on 11 August 1914 and converted by Chatham Dockyard to operate four seaplane s . Based at Harwich along with HMS " Engadine " and " Empress " , aircraft from all three ships took part in the Cuxhaven Raid on hangars housing Zeppelin airships on Christmas Day 1914 . A notable member of her crew was Robert Erskine Childers whose knowledge of the east German coast was considered very important in the raid . HMS " Riviera " later saw service in the Dover Patrol , prior to moving to the Mediterranean in June 1918 . In 1919 the ship returned to civilian use under her original name of RTMS Lairds Isle . She once again entered military service on 28 August 1939 as HMS " Laird ' s Isle " , an Armed Boarding Vessel and carried landing craft and tanks on D - Day . She returned to civil use again in 1946 .