naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Sakuma Nobumori Biography . Born in what is now Minami - ku , Nagoya ( situated in contemporary Aichi District , Owari Province ) and serving under Oda Nobuhide , Sakuma was entrusted with the care of the young Oda Nobunaga . Unlike other retainers whose support wavered between Nobunaga and Oda Nobuyuki as clan leader , Sakuma remained steadfastly loyal to Nobunaga , and fought for him consistently . He was thus treated as Nobunaga ' s most important retainer and would come to fight in every important battle under Nobunaga ' s command . Sakuma was called Noki Sakuma ( 退き佐久間 ) , which literally means " retreating Sakuma , " because of his cautious tactics . He was successful in the campaign against the Rokkaku clan and helped to suppress rebellions caused by Buddhist sects in Echizen Province and at Nagashima in Osaka . In 1572 , his 3 , 000 - man unit formed part of the reinforcements dispatched by Nobunaga to aid Tokugawa Ieyasu ' s approximately 8 , 000 soldiers against the 27 , 000 led by Takeda Shingen . In the Battle of Mikatagahara Sakuma retreated after a preliminary engagement . His fellow commander Hirate Hirohide , however , who fought alongside the Tokugawa troops , lost his life , and the conflict ended with a crushing defeat of the Tokugawa - Oda alliance . In 1576 , after Harada Naomasa ' s death during the campaign against the heavily - fortified and well - supplied Honganji temple in Osaka , Sakuma was chosen as Harada ' s replacement as commander and given troops from seven provinces placing him in command of the largest Oda - clan army among the Oda retainers . However , unlike his colleagues Akechi Mitsuhide , Shibata Katsuie or Hashiba Hideyoshi who all won battles on the fronts to which they were assigned , Nobumori made no progress against the fearless Buddhist zealots . After ten years of warring , Nobunaga had the emperor mediate a truce to end the war in 1580 . That same year , Nobunaga drafted a document containing a fifteen - point accusation against Sakuma ' s , including past failures with those against the Honganji . Nobunaga banished Sakuma and his son Sakuma Nobuhide to the temple on Mount Koyasan , where they were forced to spend their days in the monk lifestyle . Sakuma died in 1581 at Totsugawa in Yamato Province . He was posthumously named Doumu Keigan ( 洞無桂巌 ) and Souyu ( 宗佑 ) . Nobumori ' s banishment has widely been regarded as representative of Nobunaga ' s cold - blooded treatment against even his longest - serving retainers underscoring the clan leader ' s shortcomings as a military commander . Nobumori , however , had reportedly held frequent tea parties and seemed more interested in these rather than focusing on military affairs . He never devised , after all , any overarching military measures against the Honganji , even though their war had remained in a stalemate . It has also been recorded that since childhood , Nobumori had been openly critical of Nobunaga .
Thomas Kersey Thomas Joseph Kersey ( 1847 – April 16 , 1888 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Biography . Born in 1847 in St . John ' s , Newfoundland , Kersey immigrated to the United States and was living in Everett , Massachusetts , when he joined the Navy . By July 26 , 1876 , he was serving as an ordinary seaman on the . On that day , he rescued a crewmate from drowning at the Brooklyn Navy Yard . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor two weeks later , on August 9 . Two other " Plymouth " sailors , Landsman William Corey and Seaman Charles Gidding , attempted to rescue a shipmate from drowning on the same day and also received the medal . Kersey ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Serving on board the U . S . S . " Plymouth " at the Navy Yard , New York , 26 July 1876 , Kersey displayed bravery and presence of mind in rescuing from drowning one of the crew of that vessel . Kersey died on April 16 , 1888 , at age 40 or 41 and was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in Everett .
First Strike Ration The First Strike Ration ( FSR ) is a compact , eat - on - the move ration concept from the United States Army , designed to be consumed during the first 72 hours of conflict , created by the United States Army Soldier Systems Center in Natick , Massachusetts . The Army said the FSR substantially reduces weight and load and is intended to enhance a consumer ' s physical performance , mental acuity , and mobility . Features . The FSR is a new assault ration developed to provide mobile soldiers with a variety of foods that are lightweight , calorically dense , familiar , and which are " easy to consume " intermediate moisture foods .
HMCS Cape Breton ( ARE 100 ) HMCS " Cape Breton " ( ARE 100 ) was a RCN Cape - class escort maintenance ship . Originally built for the Royal Navy as HMS " Flamborough Head " in 1944 she was transferred in 1952 . Construction . " Flamborough Head " ( pennant F88 ) was one of the 21 " Beachy Head " class repair ship s . Royal Canadian Navy . It was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in 1952 and served till 1975 . It was used as a floating machine shop until the late 1990s . Except for a short section of the stern and her engines , which may eventually go on display in North Vancouver BC , the ship was sunk in the waters of British Columbia in 2001 by the Artificial Reef Society of British Columbia after extensive cleaning to meet Environment Canada requirements . It now lies near Snake Island in Nanaimo harbour and is a popular scuba diving site . Canadian Forces Maritime Command . Fleet Maintenance Facility " Cape Breton " was formed in 1996 at CFB Esquimalt from the amalgamation of three shore - based units : Ship Repair Unit ( Pacific ) , Naval Engineering Unit ( Pacific ) , and Fleet Maintenance Group ( Pacific ) . FMF " Cape Breton " took its name from HMCS " Cape Breton " . Ship ' s bell . The Christening Bells Project at Canadian Forces Base Esquimalt Naval and Military Museum includes information from the ship ' s bell of HMCS Cape Breton ( 2nd ) 1959 – 1993 , which was used for baptism of babies onboard ship 1959 – 1971 . The bell is currently held by the CFB Esquimalt Naval & Military Museum , Esquimalt , BC .
David Hackett Fischer David Hackett Fischer ( born December 2 , 1935 ) is University Professor and Earl Warren Professor of History at Brandeis University . Fischer ' s major works have tackled everything from large macroeconomic and cultural trends ( " Albion ' s Seed , " " The Great Wave " ) to narrative histories of significant events ( " Paul Revere ' s Ride , " " Washington ' s Crossing " ) to explorations of historiography ( " Historians ' Fallacies " , in which he coined the term Historian ' s fallacy ) . He is best known for two major works : " Albion ' s Seed " and " Washington ' s Crossing ( Pivotal Moments in American History ) " . In " Albion ' s Seed " , he argues that core aspects of American culture stem from four British folkways and regional cultures and that their interaction and conflict have been decisive factors in U . S . political and historical development . In the Pulitzer Prize - winning " Washington ' s Crossing " , Fischer provides a narrative of George Washington ' s leadership of the Continental Army during the winter of 1776 – 1777 during the American Revolutionary War . In 2008 he published " Champlain ' s Dream , " an exploration of Samuel de Champlain , the French explorer and founder of Quebec City . The book was a runner - up in the 2009 Cundill Prize . Fischer received a B . A . from Princeton University and a Ph . D . from Johns Hopkins University . He received the 2006 Irving Kristol Award from the American Enterprise Institute . He was admitted as an honorary member of The Society of the Cincinnati in 2006 .
HMS Woodpecker ( U08 ) HMS " Woodpecker " ( U08 ) was a modified , 1 , 300 ton Royal Navy that fought during World War II . The ship was built by William Denny & Brothers of Dumbarton , Scotland . She was launched on 29 June 1942 , and commissioned 14 December the same year . This sloop participated in the sinking of the following German vessels : In February 1944 , the " Woodpecker " was under the command of Commander H . L . Pryse , RNR , escorting convoy ON 224 . On 20 February 1944 , she was struck in the stern by an acoustic torpedo launched from the U - boat " U - 256 " . While being towed toward home , on 27 February 1944 the " Woodpecker " foundered and sank in an Atlantic storm . The skeleton crew was rescued before the ship went under .
Battle of Melos The Battle of Melos was fought in 415 BC between Athens and Melos . Melos had attempted to remain neutral in the Peloponnesian War , but Athens attacked and forced Melos to surrender . All Melian males capable of bearing arms were killed , and the women and children became slaves . The Melian dialogue which reportedly preceded it is found in a passage found in Book V ( 85 - 113 ) of the History of the Peloponnesian War by the ancient Greek historian Thucydides .
Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée The Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée ( FCM ) was a French shipbuilding company . The " Société des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée " was founded in 1853 by Philip Taylor , while a new company , the ' Nouvelle ' société , was founded in 1856 . It had shipyards in La Seyne - sur - Mer , near Toulon and in Graville , now part of Le Havre . The company was later merged with other French shipbuilding companies to form " Constructions industrielles de la Méditerranée " . The company also produced tank s before World War II , most notably FCM 2C and FCM 36 .
Neuve - Chapelle Indian Memorial The Neuve - Chapelle Indian Memorial is a World War I memorial in France , located on the outskirts of the commune of Neuve - Chapelle , in the département of Pas de Calais . The memorial commemorates some 4742 Indian soldiers with no known grave , who fell in battle while fighting for the British Indian Army in the First World War . The location of the memorial was chosen because of the participation by Indian troops at the Battle of Neuve Chapelle . The memorial , designed by Sir Herbert Baker , with sculpture by Charles Wheeler , is a circular enclosure centred on a tall pillar that is topped by a lotus capital , and carved representations of the Star of India and the Imperial Crown . One half of the circular enclosure consists of the panels of names of the dead , while the other half is open . Other architectural and sculptural features of the memorial include carved stone tigers , and two small domed chattri s . At the foot of the pillar is a Stone of Remembrance inscribed with the words : " Their name liveth for evermore . " The main inscription is in both English and French , while the column also bears an inscription in English , Arabic , Hindi and Gurmukhi : " God is One , His is the Victory " . The memorial was unveiled by the Earl of Birkenhead on 7 October 1927 . The Earl of Birkenhead ( Frederick Edwin Smith ) , who was present in his role as Secretary of State for India , had served in France in World War I from 1914 to 1915 as a staff officer with the Indian Corps , and later co - wrote an official history titled " The Indian Corps in France " ( 1917 , revised edition 1919 ) . Also present at the unveiling ceremony was Marshal Ferdinand Foch , who gave a speech in French . Attending the ceremony was a contingent of troops from India to represent the units that fought in France , including Sikhs , Dogras , and Garhwali s . Foch ' s speech included the following addressed to them : Later additions to the memorials commemorated other Indian Army dead of both World Wars . There are two recipients of the Victoria Cross commemorated on the Neuve - Chapelle Memorial : William Arthur McCrae Bruce , and Gobar Sing Negi .
2nd Pennsylvania Regiment The 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment , also known as The 1st Pennsylvania Battalion , was raised , October 12 , 1775 , under the command of Colonel John Bull for service with the Continental Army . The regiment saw action during the Battles of Brooklyn , Valcour Island , Trenton , the Brandywine , Germantown , Monmouth , and Springfield . The regiment was furloughed June 11 , 1783 , at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , and disbanded on November 15 , 1783 .
Chilean submarine O ' Brien ( S22 ) The Chilean submarine " O ' Brien " ( S22 ) was an " Oberon " - class submarine in the Chilean Navy . Unlike her sister ship " Hyatt " , " O ' Brien " was built new for the Chilean Navy . She was in service from the mid - 1970s until the mid - 2000s , but both she and " Hyatt " were replaced by the newer Thomson - class submarines " Thomson " ( SS - 20 ) and " Simpson " ( SS - 21 ) . Her namesake was John Thomond O ' Brien ( 1786 - 1861 ) , the Irish - born liberator of Chile and Argentina . Now is permanently docked in the Chilean city of Valdivia .
Curtiss - Wright AT - 9 The Curtiss - Wright AT - 9 Jeep was a twin - engined advanced trainer aircraft used by the United States during World War II to bridge the gap between single - engine trainers and twin - engine combat aircraft . The AT - 9 was of a low - wing cantilever monoplane configuration , had retractable landing gear and was powered by two Lycoming R - 680 - 9 radial engines . Development . Curtiss - Wright anticipated the requirement for this type of " high - performance " aircraft and designed the Curtiss - Wright CW - 25 , a twin - engine trainer , which possessed the takeoff and landing characteristics of a light bomber aircraft . Using the same basic design as the larger Cessna AT - 17 , the new CW - 25 was designed to be simulate the demands of multi - engine operations . The design featured a small layout , grouping two Lycoming R - 680 - 9 radial engines forward and using a retractable tail - wheel landing gear to achieve the performance necessary to meet the requirements of an advanced trainer . The single CW - 25 prototype acquired for evaluation had a welded steel - tube fuselage structure with the wings , fuselage and tail unit fabric - covered . Operational history . The first prototype Model 25 flew in 1941 and the production version entered service as the AT - 9 in 1942 . Named the " Fledgling " by Curtiss - Wright , it commonly became known as the " Jeep " in the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) . The prototype CW - 25 had a fabric - covered steel tube fuselage and fabric - covered wings and tail units , but production AT - 9s were of stressed metal skin construction . The AT - 9 was purposely designed to be less stable and proved be difficult to fly or land , which made it particularly suitable for teaching new pilots to cope with the demanding flight characteristics of a new generation of high - performance , multi - engine aircraft such as the B - 26 Marauder and P - 38 Lightning . However , many pilots who have flown both the AT - 9 and the P - 38 have said that the Lightning should have been used instead to train pilots to fly the Jeep . A total of 491 AT - 9s were built before production ended and a new production run of 300 of the generally similar AT - 9A commenced . Because of its difficult flying characteristics the AT - 9 was not offered for sale to civilians after the war , although many non - flying examples were given to ground schools for training purposes . Survivors . Two AT - 9s survive today with one AT - 9A on permanent display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton , Ohio . This aircraft required extensive restoration , and was the product of the museum staff incorporating two incomplete airframes together , along with parts fabricated on site . While the wreckage of an AT - 9A recovered from a crash site in 2003 was turned over to the Pima Air & Space Museum for restoration , the aircraft is incomplete and will require a long and extensive restoration for display .
825th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron The 825th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the Spokane Air Defense Sector , Air Defense Command , stationed at Kamloops Air Station , British Columbia , Canada . It was inactivated on 1 March 1963 . The unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of North America . Assignments . Stations
137th Armoured Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 137th Armoured Brigade was a British Army unit during the Second World War . History . It was formed from the 137th Infantry Brigade on 20 July 1942 and disbanded on 26 September 1943 . It was based in the United Kingdom throughout its existence .
French cruiser Chanzy Chanzy was an armoured cruiser of the French Navy of " Amiral Charner " class . After her trials in 1895 , she served in the Caribbean and in the Far East . " Chanzy " ran aground in Indochina in 1907 , where she proved impossible to refloat and was destroyed on 30 May .
West Virginia National Cemetery West Virginia National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located Grafton , Taylor County , West Virginia . It encompasses . Along with Grafton National Cemetery , it is one of the two national cemeteries in the state of West Virginia , both of which are located in Grafton . After it was determined that the Grafton cemetery had inadequate space for new burials , West Virginia groups began petitioning for a new national cemetery for the state . The federal government appropriated the site of the former West Virginia Industrial School for Boys for the new cemetery , which was dedicated and opened in 1987 . History . By the 1960s the small , Grafton National Cemetery had limited free space for new burials . A 1975 study of the cemetery determined that the remaining unused space was either too steep or too costly to use . West Virginia veteran groups such as the West Virginia United Veterans National Cemetery Committee campaigned state and federal government officials for a new national cemetery . Negotiations between the United States Department of Veterans Affairs and the state resulted in the selection of a site that was part of the West Virginia Industrial School for Boys . Construction was delayed by work negotiations and poor weather conditions . A dedication ceremony took place on September 28 , 1987 and the cemetery was opened for interments the next day , even though construction was incomplete . The cemetery contains the Industrial School for Boys monument , a granite memorial erected in 1992 in memory of the residents of the West Virginia Industrial School for Boys who were buried at the cemetery between 1890 and 1939 . In 2010 , the remains of World War II casualty Private First Class Lawrence Harris of Elkins , West Virginia were relocated to the National Cemetery after having been lost for 66 years . Harris and two other American soldiers — Corporal Judge C . Hellums and Private Donald D . Owens — were killed on October 9 , 1944 when their M10 tank destroyer was destroyed by an explosion in France . The soldiers ' remains were identified at the time of the incident , but after the war Army Graves Registration Service members were unable to locate the remains . In 1947 , the three men were declared dead and their remains unrecoverable by a military board . The board was unaware that an Army group had removed the remains and had them buried unidentified at Ardennes American Cemetery in Belgium . After an ID bracelet was recovered from the site in 2003 , investigations between 2006 and 2008 led to the graves being exhumed for DNA testing . The three soldiers were and Harris ' remains were re - interred at the National Cemetery in his home state .
Fort Beauharnois Fort Beauharnois was a French fort ( or fur post ) built on the shores of Lake Pepin , a wide part of the upper Mississippi River , in 1727 . The location chosen was on lowlands and the fort was rebuilt in 1730 on higher ground . It was the site of the first Roman Catholic chapel in Minnesota , which was dedicated to St . Michael the Archangel . The fort was named after the Governor of New France at the time , Charles de Beauharnois . Eventually it was abandoned as the French sent most of their troops to the east to fight the British in the French and Indian War . Today , an Ursuline convent and the Villa Maria Conference Center stand on the site of the old fort , in Wacouta Township of Goodhue County , Minnesota , in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis . The Minnesota Department of Transportation inventories a roadside historical marker of the presumed location of the fort along US 61 / US 63 . in Goodhue County , Minnesota .
Silesian Offensive The Silesian Offensive was a Russian offensive in 1914 , during the First World War . It lasted from November 11 till December 6 , and consisted of the battle of Łowicz and battle of Łódź . While it marked the furthest Russian forces would ever get to the West during the war , it was a tactical Russian victory - but their strategic defeat .
Adamsite Adamsite or DM is an organic compound ; technically , an arsenical diphenylaminechlorarsine , that can be used as a riot control agent . DM belongs to the group of chemical warfare agent s known as vomiting agents or sneeze gases . First synthesized in Germany by Heinrich Otto Wieland in 1915 , it was independently developed by the US chemist Roger Adams ( for whom it is named ) at the University of Illinois in 1918 . DM was produced and stockpiled by the United States at the end of World War I , but not deployed on the battlefield then . It was used against the Bonus Army who demonstrated in Washington , DC , in 1932 , reportedly causing the death and serious injury of several children who had accompanied their parents on the protests . It was again used in the Vietnam War . DM is an odourless crystal line compound with a very low vapour pressure . The colour of the crystals ranges from bright yellow to dark green depending on the purity . It is readily soluble in some organic solvents ( e . g . , acetone , dichloromethane ) , but nearly insoluble in water . In vaporous form it appears as a canary yellow smoke . Adamsite is usually dispersed as an aerosol , making the upper respiratory tract the primary site of action . Although the effects are similar to those caused by typical riot control agents ( e . g . CS ) , they are slower in onset and longer in duration , often lasting several hours . After a latency period of 5 – 10 minutes irritation of the eyes , lungs and mucous membranes develops followed by headache , nausea and persistent vomiting . DM is now regarded as obsolete . It has been widely replaced by riot control agents such as CS which are less toxic and more rapid in onset of symptoms . Early battlefield use was intended to be via " Adamsite candles " . These were large metal cans or tubes ( weighing approximately 5 pounds ) which contained a smoke composition made of Adamsite plus a slow burning pyrotechnic composition . A series of candles were lit and the Adamsite - laden smoke allowed to drift towards the enemy . In 2003 , North Korea was reportedly producing Adamsite at its Aoji - ri Chemical Complex for stockpiling .