naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Abushiri Revolt The Abushiri Revolt was a so - called insurrection in 1888 – 1889 by the Arab and Swahili population of the areas of the East Africa n coast which were granted ( under protest ) to Germany by the Sultan of Zanzibar in 1888 . It was eventually suppressed by an Anglo - German blockade of the coast . Background . In late 1884 an expedition of the Society for German Colonization led by Karl Peters had reached Zanzibar and made the local chiefs on the opposite mainland sign " protection contracts " promising vast areas to his organisation . Once it had gained a foothold , Peters ' newly established German East Africa Company acquired further lands in Tanganyika up to the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains . This met with opposition by Sultan Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar , who nevertheless had to give in , after Peters had reached the official support by the Foreign Office in Berlin and a fleet of the Kaiserliche Marine under Konteradmiral Eduard Knorr appeared off the Zanzibar coast . On 28 April 1888 Sultan Khalifah bin Said of Zanzibar finally signed a treaty according to which he ceded the administration of the Tanganyika mainland to the German East Africa Company . From August 1888 the organisation tried to take over the coastal towns of Tanganyika against the fierce resistance by the Arab elite fearing for the slave and ivory trade , but also by the indigenous population . The attempts by haughty Emil von Zelewski , German administrator in Pangani , to raise the company ' s flag over the city , sparked the uprising . Revolt . It was led by the planter Abushiri ibn Salim al - Harthi , who gained the support by both the Arabs of the area and local Swahili tribes . Abushiri ' s father was an ethnic Arab and his mother a Galla . The rebellion soon spread all along the coast from the town of Tanga in the north to Lindi and Mikindani in the south . The representatives of the German East Africa Company were expelled or killed except for the establishments in Bagamoyo and Dar es Salaam . In February 1889 the German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck intervened and appointed Lieutenant Hermann Wissmann a " Reichskommissar " of German East Africa . Wissmann concentrated a " Schutztruppe " of German officers and native Askari soldiers , who , with support by the Marine and the Royal Navy , subsequently suppressed the revolt . After Abushiri , on his flight to Mombasa , had been finally betrayed to the Germans in December 1889 , he was sentenced to death by a court - martial and publicly hanged in Pangani . By an agreement of 20 November 1890 , the East Africa Company had to hand over Tanganyika ' s administration to the German government . It was however not until early 1891 that Wissmann could report back to Berlin that the rebellion had been fully suppressed .
USNS Indomitable ( T - AGOS - 7 ) USNS " Indomitable " ( T - AGOS - 7 ) was a United States Navy " Stalwart " class ocean surveillance ship in service from 1985 to 2002 . History . " Indomitable " was laid down by the Tacoma Boatbuilding Company at Tacoma , Washington on 26 January 1985 and launched on 16 July 1985 . She was delivered to the U . S . Navy on 26 November 1985 . She was placed in non - commissioned service in the U . S . Navys Military Sealift Command as a United States Naval Ship with a mixed Navy and civilian crew on 1 December 1985 . " Stalwart " - class ships were originally designed to collect underwater acoustical data in support of Cold War anti - submarine warfare operations in the 1980s . Accordingly , " Indomitable " employed Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System ( SURTASS ) equipment on Cold War underwater surveillance duties . After the end of the Cold War in 1991 , requirements for such surveillance declined . By 1998 , " Indomitable " s SURTASS gear had been removed , and she had received an AN / SPS - 49 radar for use in counternarcotics surveillance . " Indomitable " was retired from service on 2 December 2002 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register the same day . On 9 December 2002 , she was transferred to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) . Later career . NOAA converted " Indomitable " into an oceanographic research ship . Renamed NOAAS " McArthur II " ( R 330 ) , she entered service in the NOAA fleet in May 2003 . " McArthur II " is an active member of the NOAA Pacific Fleet .
Chen - 2 bottom mine The Sinking - 2 ( Chinese : " 沉 - 2 " , Transliteration : " Chen - 2 " ) bottom mine was the first indigenous designed Chinese naval mine that could adopt a range of fuze s , such as acoustic , contact , infrasonic , ultrasonic and magnetic fuzes . The project was jointly developed by Fengxi Machinery Factory ( Chinese : " 汾西机器厂 " ) and the 710th Research Institute in 1972 , and was mainly used for coastal regions . The mine was accepted into service in 1975 .
James Wood ( Canadian admiral ) Vice Admiral James Crilly Wood CMM ( born 29 August 1934 ) is a retired Canadian Forces officer who served as Commander Maritime Command from 1983 to 1987 . Career . Wood joined the Royal Canadian Navy in 1951 . He became Commanding Officer of the submarine HMCS " Ojibwa " in 1967 , a staff officer in the Directorate of Equipment Requirements at the National Defence Headquarters in 1970 and Commander of the First Canadian Submarine Squadron in 1972 . He went on to be Deputy Chief of Staff ( Sea ) in 1974 , Commanding Officer of the supply ship HMCS " Protecteur " in 1976 and Deputy Chief of Staff Plans in 1977 . After that he became Senior Maritime Liaison Officer to The Netherlands in 1979 , Director General Maritime Doctrine and Operations at the National Defence Headquarters in 1980 and Chief of Maritime Doctrine and Operations in 1983 . His last appointment was as Commander Maritime Command in 1983 , in which role he demanded at least six more frigate s to meet Canada ' s NATO commitment , before he retired in 1987 .
Fort Istibey Fort Istibey ( ) is one of the World War II - era fortifications of the Metaxas Line , on Mount Beles , Central Macedonia along Greece ' s northern border . It is situated 16 km north of Neo Petritsi village on the mount Belasica ( Greek : mount Belles ) at an altitude of 1 . 339 meters . The main mission of the fort was to prevent entrance to the country from Bulgaria . It occupied 13 officers and 350 soldiers . It commander in chief was Ksanthos Pikoulakis . The fort was active until April 1941 , when it was forced to surrunder to German troops . In 1991 the Panhellenic Association of Combatants and Friends of the Forts of Macedonia and Thrace funded the construction of a small museum on this site in commemoration of its role in the Battle of the Forts in April 1941 , against invading German forces . Access to the museum is restricted : permission must be obtained from the military unit stationed at Petritsi , which is four kilometres off the Serres - Promachonas National road ( Kilkis junction ) , then the steep fourteen - kilometre - long road leading to Fort Istibey must be negotiated . Foreign nationals must have obtained a special permit from the Hellenic Army General Staff . The museum contains firearms ( rifles , revolvers , pistols and machine - guns ) belonging to the Greek and German armies , army uniforms of the time , various personal belongings of the defenders , as well as a map detailing the Battle of the Forts . During visits a film is also shown , which tells the story of the battle at Fort Istibey .
USS Mustin ( DDG - 89 ) The USS " Mustin " ( DDG - 89 ) is an " Arleigh Burke " - class guided missile destroyer in the United States Navy . She was named in honor of the Mustin family . " Mustin " was the first " Burke " destroyer built with her funnels submerged into the superstructure , an additional stealth measure taken on the warships . The ship is the Navy ' s second " Mustin " after of World War II era . The contract to build her was awarded to Ingalls Shipbuilding on 6 March 1998 . Her keel was laid down on 15 January 2001 , she was launched on 12 December 2001 , and commissioned 26 July 2003 . " Mustin " is equipped with Aegis , an advanced combat weapons system . Ship history . In July 2006 , " Mustin " and her crew of 300 was deployed to Yokosuka Naval Base in Yokosuka , Japan , home of the Navy ' s 7th Fleet , for permanent assignment . Though coming at an opportune time in response to the recent North Korea missile tests , the deployment was previously ordered , unrelated to the incidents . During the 2008 Myanmar Cyclone Nargis crisis and the subsequent Operation Caring Response aid mission , as part of the Amphibious Ready Group ( also including the and the ) , she stood by off Burma from 13 May to 5 June , waiting for the Myanmar junta government to permit US aid to its citizens . However , in early June , with permission still not forthcoming , it was decided to put the group back on its scheduled operations . In March 2011 , in company with the carrier " Ronald Reagan " , the ship was deployed off northeastern Honshu , Japan . The mission was to assist with relief efforts after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . During the 2011 Thailand floods , the ship was docked at Port Laem Chabang on a routine visit when the Thai government asked for assistance in aerial surveillance of the extent of Bangkok flooding . Captain John Kirby said Thailand had asked the warship to prolong its stay at the port for up to six days ; the Pentagon said the two Seahawk helicopters , from HSL - 51 detachment SIX , aboard would conduct the reconnaissance . Awards . The USS Mustin has been awarded the Navy Battle " E " four times Command Operations Reports . As filed by the ship ' s commanding officer with the U . S . Navy ' s Director of Naval History , these reports are available for " Mustin " . Commanding Officers . The commanding officer ( CO ) of the of the USS Mustin ( DDG - 89 ) , is the United States Navy officer who is the most senior officer on ship . The CO is the ultimate authority over operations of the Mustin and her crew .
No . 662 Squadron AAC No . 662 Squadron Army Air Corps is a flying unit of the British Army Air Corps ( AAC ) . No . 662 Squadron was part of British Royal Air Force as No . 662 Squadron RAF , first an Air Observation Post Squadron ( from Sept . 30 , 1943 ~ Dec . 15 , 1945 ) later a Royal Auxiliary Air Force Squadron ( from May 1 , 1949 ~ March 10 , 1957 ) . The Squadron became a part of the 3 Regiment Army Air Corps in 1971 , until the draw down of the Regiment at the end of 1992 . In 2007 , Squadron been designated as an Attack Helicopter Squadron due to the centralisation of aircraft types , equipped with the Apache AH Mk1 battlefield helicopter under 3rd Regiment , Army Air Corps . 662 Squadron AAC is based at Wattisham Airfield , Suffolk .
Golden Cavalry of St George The Golden Cavalry of St George was the colloquial name of subsidies paid out by the British government to other European states in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries , through particularly during the Napoleonic Wars . The name comes from the image of Saint George , the patron saint of England , on the British golden guinea coin . During the War of the Austrian Succession Britain kept Austria afloat by large subsidies owing to the Anglo - Austrian Alliance . Eight years later in the Seven Years War they did the same for Prussia , who were now their allies against the Austrians . The Anglo - Prussian Convention signed in April 1757 guaranteed Prussia a payment of £670 , 000 a year . Napoleonic Wars . During the Napoleonic Wars a number of European states were allied with the British against France . Britain , which had a large navy but a small army , was unable to deploy major forces on the European continent . As Britain was a wealthy commercial power , they were able to pay out millions of pounds to Allied nations , who could field much larger armies against the French . An example is the £1 , 500 , 000 paid to Austria to commit troops to the campaign against the French in the Netherlands in 1793 , an expedition to which the British could contribute only men . Adjusted for inflation , this is equivalent to £273 , 000 , 000 in 2011 . Large sums were made available for the purpose , sometimes as formal subsidies and sometimes as bribes for European statesman . This was partly funded by the introduction of the Income Tax by Prime Minister William Pitt . Though the policy was extremely costly , it ultimately proved successful as a coalition of European nations eventually defeated France in 1814 .
Gatumba The village of Gatumba lies on the western side of Burundi , near the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo . The place is known for a massacre that took place at a refugee camp connected to the village . Massacre . On August 13 , 2004 , a refugee camp in Gatumba was the scene of one of the largest civilian massacres carried out in Burundi in recent years . A force of armed combatants , many of them members of the Forces for National Liberation ( FNL ) , massacred at least 152 Congolese civilians and wounded another 106 . The FNL is a predominantly Hutu rebel movement known for its hostility to Tutsi and the victims were largely Banyamulenge , a group often categorized with Tutsi . The FNL is believed to have been behind a series of other attacks , including the December 28 , 2000 Titanic Express massacre . Brigadier - General Germain Niyoyankana , head of the Burundian army , accused Congolese troops of complicity in the killings . Following the FNL ' s admission of responsibility for the Gatumba massacre , the Burundian government issued arrest warrants for the group ' s leader , Agathon Rwasa , and declared its intention to refer the matter to the International Criminal Court . The United Nations issued a resolution condemning the attack , and the African Union declared the FNL a terrorist organisation . No arrests have yet been made . FNL statement . In October 2005 , the FNL issued a statement condemning the Gatumba massacre , denouncing Agathon Rwasa for leading a " descent into hell " , and announcing that he had been replaced . Rwasa was reported to have fled to Tanzania .
Royal Naval Academy The Royal Naval Academy ( 1733 - 1837 ) was established at Portsmouth Dockyard as a facility to train officers for the Royal Navy . The founders ' intentions were to provide an alternative means to recruit officers and to provide standardised training , education and admission . Training . In 1733 , a shore side facility was established in the dockyard for 40 recruits . A comprehensive syllabus provided theoretical and practical experience in the dockyard and at sea . Graduates of the Academy could earn two years of sea time as part of their studies , and would be able to take the lieutenant ' s examination after four years at sea instead of six . The Academy did not , however , achieve the objective of becoming the preferred path to becoming a naval officers . The traditional means of a sea - going ‘ apprenticeship ’ remained the preferred alternative . The vast majority of the officer class was still recruited in this manner based on family ties , and patronage . Family connections , ‘ interest ’ and a sincere belief in the superiority of practical experience learned on the quarterdeck ensured that the officer class favoured the traditional model . William IV summed up this view when he remarked that " there was no place superior to the quarterdeck of a British man of war for the education of a gentleman " . There was a clear prejudice against Academy graduates . The then rating of midshipman - by - order , or midshipman ordinary , was used specifically for graduates of the Royal Naval Academy , to distinguish them from midshipmen who had served aboard ship , who were paid more . After two years at sea , graduates of the academy were eligible to be promoted to midshipman . In 1806 the Academy was reconstituted as the " Royal Navy College " and in 1816 was amalgamated with the " School of Naval Architecture " . The college closed as a young officer training establishment in 1837 meaning that from that date all youngsters setting out on a naval career proceeded directly to sea . The closure of the college created a gap in officer training and in 1859 the wooden hulk started to undertake the role of cadet training ship at Portland : in 1861 she was moved to the River Dart and continued performing that role at Dartmouth . Notable individuals . A distinguished Academy graduate was Philip Broke who attended the Academy in 1791 . He achieved particular fame as Captain of in its victory over the in the War of 1812 . Two of Jane Austen ’ s brothers , Francis and Charles , attended the Academy in 1786 and 1791 respectively . Both went on to become Admirals .
John Giffard John Giffard ( 1232 – 1299 ) , baron Giffard of Brimsfield , was an English nobleman prominent in the Second Barons ' War and in Wales . His initial gift of land in Oxford led to the foundation of Gloucester College , Oxford . Involvement in military actions . With others of Simon de Montfort ' s party he in 1263 besieged the sheriff of Gloucester in Gloucester Castle . Also in that year he with others abducted Peter of Aigueblanche , the Bishop of Hereford , confining him to Eardisley Castle . In 1264 he controlled Kenilworth Castle , and successfully attacked Warwick Castle , occupied by William Maudit , 8th Earl of Warwick . Captured at the Battle of Lewes , he changed sides , and fought for Henry III at the Battle of Evesham . He was subsequently a staunch king ' s man , for Henry and Edward I of England . He fought at the decisive Battle of Orewin Bridge ( 1282 ) . Edward granted him Welsh castles , including Carreg Cennen . Family . He was the son of Elias Giffard IV of Brimpsfield , Gloucestershire and his second wife , Alice , sister of Sir John Mautravers , of Lytchet Matravers , Dorset . He married Maud de Clifford , daughter of Sir Walter de Clifford , of Clifford , Hertfordshire and widow of William III Longespée . Their son John ( 1287 – 1322 ) was executed by Edward II as a rebel , and Brimpsfield Castle was destroyed . Their daughter Katherine married Nicholas Audley , 3rd Baron Audley . Their daughter Eleanor married Fulk le Strange , 1st Baron Strange . John married secondly , in 1286 , Margaret , widow of Sir John de Neville , of Hallingbury , Essex .
232nd Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 232rd Brigade was a formation of the British Army during the First World War and the Second World War . First World War . It was assigned to the 75th Division and served in the Middle East and on the Western Front . Units included : Second World War . The 232nd Infantry Brigade was formed from the 2nd ( Malta ) Infantry Brigade . It was based in Malta and Egypt . Commander was Brig . F . A . J . E . Marshall .
51st Georgia Volunteer Infantry The 51st Georgia Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . The regiment was formed in March 1862 , and initially assigned to defensive duty in South Carolina . It was engaged at the Battle of Secessionville near Charleston before being sent northward for duty in Virginia . Upon reaching Virginia in July 1862 , the 51st Georgia was assigned to Drayton ' s Brigade within the Army of Northern Virginia . After the Battle of Antietam in September , Robert E . Lee decided to reorganize his army for more efficiency , and the 51st Regiment was permanently assigned to Paul Jones Semmes ' s brigade . The subsequent brigade commanders were Goode Bryan and James P . Simms . The 51st stayed in this brigade for the duration of the Civil War . The regiment was a part of the Army of Northern Virginia from July 1862 until its surrender at Appomattox Court House , except during James Longstreet ' s 1863 independent expedition to Georgia and East Tennessee .
Samuel Hodge Samuel Hodge VC ( 1840 – 14 January 1868 ) was a West Indian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Samuel Hodge was one of a number of West Indian soldiers who were sent to garrison British positions on the West coast of Africa . White troops suffered terribly from malaria , blackwater fever and dysentery and so the British Army addressed this problem by bringing in troops from the West India regiments . In 1866 , Lieutenant Colonel George Abbas Kooli D ' Arcy , commanding officer of the 3rd West India Regiment and Governor of the Gambia , marched to confront a rebellious Marabout leader named Amar Faal at Tubabecolong ( also known as Tubab Kolon ) , a stockaded town on the river ' s northern bank . The garrison unit in Bathurst at that time was Samuel Hodge ' s regiment - the 4th West India Regiment . Colonel D ' Arcy led 270 officers and men of that battalion together with around 500 warriors from the Soninke tribe to Tubabecelong , attacking the town on 30 June . Samuel Hodge was approximately 26 years old ( his precise date of birth is not known ) , and only a private at the time . The British force had light armaments and rockets , but were unable to break down the wooden stockade walls by bombardment . Colonel D ' Arcy called for volunteers to assist him to try and cut a breach by hand . Two officers and fifteen men ( including Samuel Hodge ) seized axes and followed him . However , the fire of the defenders was intense and the officers were killed almost immediately whilst , and most of the remaining men were wounded . Colonel D ' Arcy and the two remaining uninjured men , Private Hodge and another Private named Boswell , reached the stockade and were able to hack a gap large enough for a man . At approximately that point Private Boswell was killed leaving only D ' Arcy and Hodge of the original assault party of 18 . Colonel D ' Arcy went through the gap , followed closely by Private Hodge who then used his axe to hack open inside fastenings on a gate before he was himself shot down . Samuel Hodge sustained serious gunshot wounds , but survived . The remaining British troops poured in through the now open gate and in the fierce fighting that followed , several hundred of the Marabouts were killed and the village and stockade burned down . Once day had been won , Colonel D ' Arcy took Hodge and acclaimed him in front of them as the bravest man in the regiment . He was promoted to the rank of Lance - corporal and presented with the Victoria Cross on 24 June 1867 . However , he never fully recovered from the terrible injuries sustained during the attack , and died of fever less than a year later whilst on service in Belize . A Tortolian from the British Virgin Islands , he was only the second black man to ever be awarded the Victoria Cross .
Smartgun A smart gun is a weapon ( usually a handgun ) fitted with a fire - control system . The defining feature of a smartgun is the ability to accurately convey where the weapon is aimed ( usually via some sort of Head - up display ) , and , in the more advanced versions , to target itself within certain limitations set by the users . The purpose of such systems is to allow the precise aiming of automatic fire and the reduction of friendly fire casualties , as in the United States Army ' s real - world Land Warrior program . Due to the difficulties involved in developing such a system , the weapon is still mainly fictional , being common in Cyberpunk and other science fiction genres . The science fiction concept of a smartgun has its origins in much earlier works of military science fiction , such as " Starship Troopers " and " The Forever War " . The term " smartgun " as applied to such systems appears in popular culture at least as early as the 1980s . " Aliens " demonstrated its capabilities with the M56 Smartgun , a handheld light machine gun . This weapon was connected to the user ' s Head - Up Display , showing where the weapon is aimed . It was also equipped with a motion - sensitive auto - tracking system , capable of autonomous and accurate targeting of moving objects ( the real weapon was a MG42 with a Steadicam harness ) .