naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert Vaughan Gorle Robert Vaughan Gorle VC ( 6 March 1896 – 10 January 1937 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Born 6 May 1896 , he was 22 years old , and a second lieutenant in the " A " Bty . 50th Brigade , Royal Field Artillery , British Army during the First World War when he performed a deed for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross . On 1 October 1918 at Ledeghem , Belgium , Lieutenant Gorle was in command of an 18 - pounder gun working in close conjunction with the infantry . He brought his gun into action in the most exposed position on four separate occasions and disposed of enemy machine - guns by firing over open sights under direct fire . Later , when the infantry were driven back , he galloped his gun in front of the leading troops and twice knocked out enemy machine - guns which were causing the trouble . His disregard of personal safety was a magnificent example to the wavering line which rallied and re - took the northern end of the village . His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery at the Imperial War Museum , London .
List of legislators educated at the United States Naval Academy Over 20 graduates of the United States Naval Academy ( USNA ) have served as members of the United States Congress as legislators in the United States Senate or United States House of Representatives or in their home nation . The Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis , Maryland with the mission of educating and commissioning officers for the Navy and Marine Corps . The Academy is often is referred to as Annapolis , while sports media refer to the Academy as " Navy " and the students as " Midshipmen " ; this usage is officially endorsed . During the latter half of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th , the United States Naval Academy was the primary source of U . S . Navy and Marine Corps officers , with the Class of 1881 being the first to provide officers to the Marine Corps . Graduates of the Academy are also given the option of entering the United States Army or United States Air Force . Most Midshipmen are admitted through the congressional appointment system . The curriculum emphasizes various fields of engineering . This list is drawn from graduates of the Naval Academy who became members of Congress or its equivalent in their native country . The Academy was founded in 1845 and graduated its first class in 1846 . The first alumnus to graduate and go on to become a member of Congress was John Buchanan Robinson , who graduated from the Class of 1868 . As of March 2009 , three alumni are members of Congress : Senator John McCain ( class of 1958 ) , Senator James H . Webb , Jr . ( class of 1968 ) , and Representative Joe Sestak ( class of 1974 ) . Roilo Golez ( class of 1970 ) served as a Congressman in his native country , the Philippines . Over 990 noted scholars from a variety of academic fields are Academy graduates , including 45 Rhodes Scholars and 16 Marshall Scholars . Additional notable graduates include 1 President of the United States , 2 Nobel Prize recipients , 52 astronauts and 73 Medal of Honor recipients .
North - West Europe Campaign of 1940 North - West Europe Campaign of 1940 is a battle honour given to several regiments in the British Army . It refers to the land campaign starting with the invasion of France in May 1940 and ending with the evacuation from Dunkirk .
AFB Waterkloof Air Force Base Waterkloof is an airbase of the South African Air Force . It is situated on the outskirts of Pretoria , and is the SAAF ' s busiest airbase . The base ' s name , " Waterkloof " , is Afrikaans . It means " Water Ravine " in English . Despite the name , this base is not located in Waterkloof , Pretoria , but lies to the south of Pretoria , to the northeast of Centurion , Gauteng and from AFB Swartkop , at an elevation of 1506 metres ( 4940 ft ) . The base motto is " Acquirit Qui Tuetur " ( He Obtains Who Defends ) . History . The base was officially opened on 1 August 1938 as Waterkloof Air Station . Since that time it has always been in the service of the SAAF . It was upgraded to Air Force Base during WWII .
43d Electronic Combat Squadron The 43d Electronic Combat Squadron ( 41 ECS ) is a United States Air Force unit . Its current assignment is with the 55th Electronic Combat Group , being stationed as a tenant unit at its host wing Davis - Monthan AFB , Arizona as a geographically separated unit from its parent wing , Offutt AFB , Nebraska . The squadron is one of the oldest in the United States Air Force , its origins dating to 17 August 1917 , being organized at Kelly Field , Texas . It later served in France as part of the American Expeditionary Force during World War I . The squadron saw combat during World War II , and became part of Tactical Air Command during the Cold War . Overview . Along with the 41st ECS , the unit accomplishes the Compass Call mission , providing vital capabilities in the realm of electronic warfare for the Air Force and are poised for immediate deployment to specific theater contingencies . The unit ’ s combat mission is to support tactical air , ground and naval operations by confusing the enemy ’ s defenses and disrupting its command and control capabilities . The squadron flies the EC - 130H aircraft , a specially configured version of the Air Force ’ s proven C - 130 transport . To execute its unique missions , the aircraft were modified with electronic countermeasures systems , specialized jamming equipment , the capability to aerial refuel , as well as upgraded engines and avionics . Modifications made to the aircraft vary between the two squadrons , to help each squadron meet its specific mission - oriented needs . History . The 43rd ECS has a long and varied history beginning Aug . 17 , 1917 , as the 86th Aero Squadron . It served as part of the zone of advance in France during the latter part of World War I . Then in 1935 , it was an observation squadron operating as part of the Air Corps Tactical School at Maxwell Field , Alabama . Beginning Dec . 7 , 1941 , the squadron conducted patrols over the Hawaiian islands . The squadron then switched yet again . As a combat mapping squadron , the unit ' s aircrews flew over Japanese held islands photographing and mapping the terrain and enemy positions . The 86th prepared the way for the taking of the Marshall Islands , Wake , Saipan . Guam , and Iwo Jima . Finally , in 1944 , the squadron made the first photographic mosaics of Tokyo . The squadron was redesigned as the 43rd Reconnaissance Squadron ( Long Range Photographic ) in 1945 then was inactivated in 1946 . In January 1954 , the 43rd was again activated , this time at Shaw Air Force Base , South Carolina . The squadron ' s aircrews flying RB - 57 and RB - 66 aircraft , accomplished a night photographic mission . The unit was inactivated in 1959 . Redesigned , the 43rd Electronic Combat Squadron , the unit was activated June 6 , 1986 , at Sembach Air Base , Germany . It served in Europe until 1991 , then came to Davis - Monthan AFB and the 355th , May 1 , 1992 , as the sister squadron to the 41st . The 43rd earned a combat streamer for its duties in World War I and six more for missions flown in the Pacific during World War II .
Charles Ruggles Boardman Charles Ruggles Boardman was an Adjutant General of Wisconsin . Biography . Boardman was born in Empire , Wisconsin in 1860 . He graduated from the University of Wisconsin - Madison and began working as a journalist at the Oshkosh Northwestern , where he eventually became Vice President . Boardman died in 1950 . Military career . Boardman was Adjutant General of Wisconsin from 1897 to 1913 . During World War I , he served overseas with the rank of Brigadier General with the Wisconsin Army National Guard .
Studholme Brownrigg Admiral Sir Henry John Studholme Brownrigg KBE CB DSO ( 1882 – 1943 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , The Nore . Naval career . Brownrigg joined the Royal Navy in 1902 . He served in World War I and took part in the Battle of Jutland in 1916 , as executive officer of HMS " Barham " ( with rank of Commander ) . He went on to be Chief of Staff at the Africa Station and , from 1925 , Deputy Director of the Gunnery Division . He became Director of the Gunnery Division in 1926 and Chief of Staff at Plymouth in 1927 . He was made Captain of HMS " Courageous " in 1929 and then joined the staff of the Director of Naval Ordnance in 1931 . He became Rear Admiral commanding 3rd Cruiser Squadron in 1933 and Vice - Admiral Mediterranean Fleet in 1935 . He was Admiral commanding the Reserves from 1936 and Commander - in - Chief , The Nore from January to December 1939 . He served in World War II as officer commanding the Home Guard at Chatham from 1940 to 1941 . He came out of retirement to take charge of convoys . He sailed as Commodore of Convoy ON 16 in SS " Ville de Tamatave " ( a ship captured from the Vichy French in 1941 ) , departing Liverpool on 12 January 1943 en route for New York . The convoy ran into a violent storm in the North Atlantic towards the evening of 23 January . Messages were received from the " Ville de Tamatave " indicating that she had lost her rudder and , an hour later , that she was sinking . The other ships were not able to render assistance , and " Ville de Tamatave " was lost with all hands , including Brownrigg , on 24 January 1943 .
Ring armour Ring armour ( ring mail ) is an assumed type of personal armour constructed as series of metallic rings sewn to a fabric or leather foundation . No actual examples of this type of armour have ever been found on European archaeological findings . It is sometimes called ringmail or ring mail . In the Victorian era the term " mail " was used for any form of metallic body armour . Modern historians reserve the term " mail " for chain mail and its varieties , specifically an interlinked mesh of metal rings . The Bayeux Tapestry depicts some of these methods and this has been misinterpreted as different types of armour . It is generally acknowledged today that virtually all the armour on the Bayeux Tapestry is standard chain mail and not " ring mail " or " trellised mail " or " mascled mail " or any other Victorian construction . Theoretical construction . Ring Armour is essentially a leather or textile item of clothing ( a jacket , or trousers ) that has a large number of metal rings sewn or tied directly into the foundation garment . Unlike chain mail , the rings are not physically interlocked with each other . Schiessjoppe ( eyelet doublet ) . It has been claimed that the garment called eyelet doublet is not a form of ring armour , but an undergarment intended to be used under actual armour . The eyelets are intended as ventilation holes . It was known as a Schiessjoppe in Germany . However , Sir John Smythe , in 1591 , recommended that , " Archers should weare either Ilet holed doublets that will resist the thrust of a sword ot a dagger and covered with some trim and gallant kinde of coloured cloth to the liking of the captain . . . or else Iackes of maile quilted upon fustian . " It is clear from this that Smythe ' s " eyelet holed doublet " was not intended to be worn with mail but as a standalone armour , but this quote from the book titled " The Armourer and His Craft " By Charles John Ffoulkes brings into doubt whether the eyelet doublet was related to ring armour at all . " From the nature of their composition these " eyelet doublets " are rarely to be met with . They were made of twine or thread knitted all over in eyelets or button - holes . The appearance is much the same as modern " tatting " and macramé work . " < / blockquote . > Ring Mail in Asia . Ring armour seems to have also been used in Asia but was rare ( see External Image ) . External Images . < div style = " clear : both ; " >
USS New Bedford ( PF - 71 ) USS " New Bedford " ( PF - 71 ) , a , was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for New Bedford , Massachusetts . The " New Bedford " ( PF - 71 ) was built by the Leathem D . Smith Shipbuilding Company of Sturgeon Bay , Wisconsin , and was launched there on 29 December 1943 . She was towed down the Mississippi River and ferried to Houston , Texas , for completion and fitting out . She was commissioned 18 November 1944 under the command of Lieutenant Commander J . S . Muzzy , USCG . Service history . She proceeded to Bermuda on 6 December 1944 , for a month ' s shakedown exercises , returning to Philadelphia on 12 January 1945 for post - shakedown availability . Departing New York on 6 February 1945 , " New Bedford " proceeded to Oran escorting her first trans - Atlantic convoy which put safely into Oran on 23 February . On 3 March the frigate joined the anti - submarine screen of a west bound convoy , arriving Boston 20 March . She next sailed to Hampton Roads , Virginia , to pick up an east bound convoy . She departed Hampton Roads 8 April and arrived at Oran on 24 April . She made her final westbound passage on 2 May and arrived at Boston , Massachusetts , on 19 May . She was then converted for duty as a weather ship while on an availability that lasted until 31 July 1945 . She was assigned to weather patrol in the Pacific and sailed from Boston on 31 July . The war ended as she was en route from the Panama Canal Zone to Pearl Harbor , where she arrived on 27 August 1945 . Three days later she departed for Guam . For the next six months , " New Bedford " stood regular weather station patrols , returning to Guam , her home base , only long enough to fuel , provision , and afford a period of recreation for the crew . The weather patrols were , for the most part , dull and tiring . Violent tropical storms sometimes beat her unmercifully as she stood her station . Once a Japanese destroyer on a peaceful repatriation mission was sighted . The frigate arrived at San Francisco , California , on 10 March 1946 , and then proceeded to Seattle , Washington . She was decommissioned there on 24 May 1946 .
J . R . Bhonsle Lieutenant - Colonel Jaganath Rao Bhonsle also known as Jagannathrao Krishnarao Bhonsle ( 10 December 1906 – 1963 ) was an officer of the Indian National Army , a minister for armed forces in the Azad Hind Government , and later a minister in the post - independence in India . Bhonsle graduated from Dehra Dun Military college in 1926 and was commissioned from the Royal Military College , Sandhurst on the 2 February 1928 as a Second Lieutenant . He would have then spent a year attached to a British Army regiment in India before posting to his permanent British Indian Army unit on the 12 April 1929 , which was the 5th Royal battalion , 5th Mahratta Light Infantry of the British Indian Army . He was promoted Lieutenant 2 May 1930 and Captain 2 February 1937 . He was stationed at Singapore at the start of World War II , and was taken PoW after the Fall of Singapore . Bhonsle was one of the most senior officer to join the Indian National Army and was appointed the head of the Hindustan Field Force of the First INA . He was appointed the commander of the INA at the time Azad Hind was proclaimed but later reverted his allegiances to turn spy for the Allies . Assigned the code B1189 , Bhonsle ' s intelligence was especially important in tracing the last movements of Subhas Bose in August 1945 , following the collapse of Azad Hind . He was cashiered from the British Indian Army as a Captain on the 13 September 1946 . Following Indian independence in 1947 , Bhonsle was appointed deputy minister for rehabillitation in the Nehru government , and was key in implementing the National Discipline Scheme .
Leading aircraftman Leading aircraftman ( LAC ) or leading aircraftwoman ( LACW ) is a rank in some air force s , between aircraftman and senior aircraftman and having a NATO rank code of OR - 2 . The rank badge is a horizontal two - bladed propeller . The rank originated in the Royal Air Force , when it was formed in 1918 . It replaced the Royal Flying Corps rank of air mechanic 1st class ( which wore the same badge ) . It was only a trade classification until 1 January 1951 , when it became a rank , although it is non - supervisory . Leading aircraftman is also a rank in the Royal Australian Air Force ( which uses a single chevron rather than a propeller device ) , Royal New Zealand Air Force , Indian Air Force , Ghana Air Force and the Sri Lanka Air Force , and until 1968 was a rank in the Royal Canadian Air Force . Leading air cadet ( LAC ) in the New Zealand Air Training Corps also uses the propeller badge . It is not technically a rank ( although many units regard it as a very junior NCO rank ) , and may be awarded to cadets who have attended a minimum of thirty parades , or completed one year in a unit . The rank is generally awarded to those cadets who show obvious leadership skill .
1st ( Peshawar ) Division The 1st ( Peshawar ) Division was a Regular Division of the British Indian Army it was formed after the Kitchener reforms of the Indian Army in 1903 . During World War I it remained in India for local defence but it was mobilised for action on the North West Frontier on several occasions during the period . The Division was in the Northern Army , later called Northern Command . In 1919 , the Division was mobilised for operations in Afghanistan during the Third Afghan War . Typical of all Indian Army formations , it contained a mixture of British units and Indian ones and unlike British Divisions it contained a mixture of cavalry and infantry components . Formation in 1914 . Peshawar Brigade . Formed July 1918
Carl Henrik Wrangel Carl Henrik Wrangel , friherre Wrangel af Adinal ( January 28 , 1681 – March 23 , 1755 ) was an officer of the Swedish Army , eventually attaining the rank of Field Marshal . Biography . He was born in Haapsalu , the son of Reinhold Wrangel , father of Georg Gustaf Wrangel af Adinal , and nephew of Didrik Wrangel af Adinal . Wrangel entered military service at the age of 15 and participated in several of the Charles XII ' s campaigns during the Great Northern War , in the process of which he was promoted to captain of Livgardet and Lieutenant Colonel of Skånska ståndsdragonerna , but was captured in 1709 after the battle of Poltava . After returning from captivity in 1722 , he was promoted to colonel of Nyland calvalry regiment and in 1727 , was made colonel of Tavastehus regiment , 1729 för Nyland dragoon regiment , September 4 , 1732 major - general and 1739 colonel of Skaraborgs regemente . The same year , he offered the position of riksråd , but demurred in favour of remaining with the Army . At the outbreak of the Russo - Swedish War in 1741 , he led one of the two divisions of the Swedish Army in Finland , with a strength of 4 , 000 men . On August 23 , 1741 , he was ordered by General Henrik Magnus von Buddenbrock to lead his force into battle against General Peter Lacy ' s more than twice as strong Russia n force in order to defend Villmanstrand , without waiting for the arrival von Buddenbrock ' s division . The numerarily superior Russians won the battle and took Villmarstrand , whereupon Wrangel , who lost his right arm during the battle , was captured . Upon his return from captivity in 1742 , he received precious gifts from the king and the burghers of Stockholm and was made lieutenant - general in 1743 and colonel for Närkes och Värmlands regemente . In 1754 , he was promoted to Field Marshal . During the Dalecarlian Rebellion in 1743 , he was assigned the task of dissuading or diverting the march of the Dalecarlians on Stockholm , but despite his popularity he achieved neither . Politically he was a moderate " Cap " , but did not participate much in the debates of the Riksdag .
The war to end war " The war to end war " ( sometimes called " The war to end all wars " ) was a term for World War I . Originally idealistic , it is now used mainly in a disparaging way . Origin . During August 1914 , immediately after the outbreak of the war , British author and social commentator H . G . Wells published a number of articles in the London newspapers that subsequently appeared as a book entitled " The War That Will End War " . Wells blamed the Central Powers for the coming of the war , and argued that only the defeat of German militarism could bring about an end to war . Wells used the shorter form , " the war to end war " , in " In the Fourth Year " ( 1918 ) , where he noted that the phrase had " got into circulation " in the second half of 1914 . In fact , it had become one of the most common catchphrase s of the war . In later years , the term became associated with Woodrow Wilson , despite the fact that Wilson used the phrase only once . Along with the phrase " make the world safe for democracy , " it embodied Wilson ' s conviction that America ' s entry into the war was necessary to preserve human freedom . Later use . Even during World War I , the phrase met with some degree of scepticism ; David Lloyd George is reputed to have said , " This war , like the next war , is a war to end war . " As it became apparent that the war had not succeeded in ending war , the phrase took on a more cynical tone . Field - Marshal Earl Wavell said despondently of the Paris Peace Conference : " After the ' war to end war ' , they seem to have been in Paris at making the ' Peace to end Peace ' " . Wells himself used the phrase in an ironic way in the novel , " The Bulpington of Blup " ( 1932 ) . Walter Lippmann wrote in " Newsweek " in 1967 , " the delusion is that whatever war we are fighting is the war to end war " , while Richard Nixon , in his " Silent Majority " speech , said , " I do not tell you that the war in Vietnam is the war to end wars " . External links . H . G . Wells , The War That Will End War on the Internet Archive
HMS Challenger ( 1902 ) HMS " Challenger " was a second - class protected cruiser of the " Challenger " class of the Royal Navy . Commissioned on 30 May 1904 , she commenced duty on the Australia Station . She was paid off into reserve on 10 October 1912 before recommissioning during the First World War . She initially served as part of the Ninth Cruiser Squadron off West Africa before serving in East African waters . She was sold in 1920 and was broken up for scrap .