naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Verchen The Battle of Verchen ( ) was a battle between Saxons and West Slavic Obotrites on 6 July 1164 . The Obotrites were attacked by Saxons and Danes in 1160 , resulting in the death of the Obotrite prince , Niklot , and the partition of the Obotrite lands . Niklot ' s son Pribislav rose in revolt in 1163 , capturing the castles of Malchow and Quetzin . The army of Duke Henry the Lion of Saxony was concentrated at Verchen near Demmin and consisted of troops from Saxony , Holstein , Dithmarschen , and Frisia . The Christian army was also assisted by a fleet from King Valdemar the Great of Denmark . They were opposed by a force of Slavs led by Pribislav and the Pomeranian dukes Bogislaw I and Casimir I . The outcome of the resulting bloody battle with the Slavs was in doubt , although the Christian lords were eventually victorious . Slavic casualties amounted to 2 , 500 , while the Saxon Count of Holstein , Adolf II , fell in battle . The land of the Obotrites was ravaged by the campaign and many inhabitants , including Pribislav , fled to Pomerania .
David Lansana Brigadier David Lansana ( 1922 – 1975 ) was one of the very few Sierra Leoneans to be educated at the Royal Military Academy , Sandhurst , England during the colonial period . As Lieutenant David Lansana he was a frequent and popular visitor to the home of Sir Robert de Zouche Hall , Governor of Sierra Leone 1952 - 1956 . He was appointed army commander of Sierra Leone in 1964 . Brigadier Lansana took control of the army from British colonial adviser , Brigadier R . D . Blackie when Lansana ' s close ally Prime Minister Albert Margai came to power . He came from the Mende tribe as did Margai and conflicts existed between northern tribes , the Krios and the Mendes . In 1967 Margai , who promoted a one party ( non - democratic ) state was beaten in a general election . Lansana staged a brief coup , arresting Siaka Stevens , the democratic winner of the election and the army was purged of Northern and Krio officers . No trials were ever held . Even after this he was unpopular with many of his fellow Mende officers who did not believe the army should be a tool of internal government . Subsequently Lt . - Colonel Andrew Juxon - Smith , of the Krio community , who was abroad when the coup took place , was asked to head the military regime the National Reformation Council , NRC in 1968 . In 1975 Lansana was executed for treason .
Soviet minesweeper T - 118 T - 118 was a minesweeper of the Soviet Navy during World War II and the Cold War . She had originally been built as USS " Armada " ( AM - 145 ) , an , for the United States Navy during World War II , but never saw active service in the U . S . Navy . Upon completion she was transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend - Lease as " T - 118 " ; she was never returned to the United States . " T - 118 " was sunk by in the Kara Sea in August 1944 . Because of the Cold War , the U . S . Navy was unaware of this fate and the vessel remained on the American Naval Vessel Register until she was struck on 1 January 1983 . Career . " Armada " was laid down on 18 October 1942 at Tampa , Florida , by the Tampa Shipbuilding Co . ; launched on 7 December 1942 ; sponsored by Mrs . B . C . Crawford ; and completed on 16 September 1943 . She was turned over to the USSR on the day of her completion and was commissioned in the Soviet Navy as " T - 118 " . She was torpedo ed and sunk in the Kara Sea on 12 August 1944 by German submarine . " Armada " was carried on the American Navy List as MSF - 145 after 7 February 1955 until 1 January 1983 when her name was struck .
Sin Gwang - su ( spy ) Sin Gwang - su ( Korean : 신광수 , Hanja : 辛光洙 , Japanese : 立山富蔵 ( Tateyama Tomizō ) , born June 27 , 1929 ) is a Zainichi North Korean , born in Shizuoka , Japan . He was involved in the North Korean abductions of Japanese . Sin is currently the subject of an arrest warrant issued by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Public Security Bureau for his alleged links with abductions . History . After World War II he moved to North Korea . In 1973 he sneaked into Japan through Noto Peninsula . He first kidnapped a Japanese chef Taakaai Hara ( who is now husband of Yaeko Taguchi ) , stole the chef ' s name and identity , and moved into various Japanese cities , such as Tokyo , Osaka , and Kyoto . While in Japan , he was suspected of kidnapping a Japanese citizen and working in a North Korean organization to undermine South Korea . In 1985 , he was arrested by the South Korean police , and was jailed for life . In 1999 , the South Korean government decided to release him . In 2000 he was resettled to North Korea along with 62 other unconverted long - term prisoners under the terms of the June 15th North – South Joint Declaration . He was regarded as a hero upon his return and awarded the National Reunification Prize . While under South Korean interrogation , he admitted that Kim Jong - il directly ordered the abduction of several foreigners . In 2006 , the Japanese government made an extradition request to the North Korean Ambassador , Song Il - Ho , at the Japan - North Korea meeting in Beijing . The North Korean ambassador subsequently refused , calling him a hero of North Korea . He may have been behind 13 - year - old Megumi Yokota ' s abduction in 1977 .
Swiftsure - class ironclad The " Swiftsure " class battleships of the late Victorian era were broadside ironclad s designed and built specifically for service as Flagships on the Pacific station . In appearance the two ships of the class , and , were very similar to ; under water their hulls were very similar to that of . The intention was to make the ships good performers under sail , while at the same time being stable ships and good gun platforms . At the design stage it had been suggested by the Committee on Designs that the ships should be built with their artillery mounted in two turrets , with some smaller guns positioned fore and aft . As there was at that time not sufficient experience with turret - mounted armament , and none at all with turrets in first - class battleships , the idea did not find favour and this class was completed with a broadside box battery deployed on two levels , on the main and on the upper deck . Fouling of ships ' hulls by marine life had been a problem since the dawn of shipbuilding . Until the middle of the nineteenth century ships ' bottoms had been sheathed with copper sheeting , which prevented fouling but was expensive . Sheathing with zinc plate or with Muntz metal was used thereafter , as it was cheaper . For the " Swiftsure " class , however , a reversion was made to copper sheathing , as in the Pacific there were no docking facilities whatsoever - until the completion of the dockyard at Esquimalt in 1886 - and the sheathing applied on commissioning had to serve for the whole commission . All ranks were berthed on the main deck ; berthing for seamen in previous classes had been on the lower deck . As the officers ' accommodation was well ventilated and well lit , the ships were universally popular . The two ships spent some time in reserve , but in their active careers they took turns as flagship of the Pacific station . It may be noted as a matter of history that it has been traditional in the Royal Navy always to build ships named " Swiftsure " and " Triumph " as a matching pair within a single class .
HMS Cossack ( 1907 ) HMS " Cossack " was a Tribal class destroyer of the Royal Navy launched in 1907 and sold in 1919 . During the First World War she served in the North Sea and the English Channel with the 6th Destroyer Flotilla . The ship fired two torpedoes as part of the scuttling of HMS " Glatton " . However they failed to sink the vessel :
Capas National Shrine The Capas National Shrine ( Paggunita Sa Capas ) in Barangay Navy Capas , Tarlac in The Philippines was built by the Philippine government as a memorial to the Filipino and American soldiers who died at Camp O ' Donnell at the end of the Bataan Death March . This is significant site related to Veterans ' Day in the Philippines ( Araw ng Kagitingan ) , every 9 April , commemorates the surrender of the combined US and Philippine forces to the Japanese in 1942 . The area where the Bataan Death March ended was proclaimed by President Corazon Aquino as Capas National Shrine on 7 December 1991 . The shrine encompasses 54 hectares of parkland , 35 hectares of which have been planted with rows of trees to represent each of the deceased . < nowiki > On 9 April 2003 , a new memorial wall and < / nowiki > obelisk was unveiled . The 70 - meter obelisk towers above the grounds of the former interment camp . The obelisk is surrounded by a three segment , black marble wall engraved with the names of the Filipinos and Americans known to have died during the Death march . There are statistics about the total numbers of prisoners and deaths , together with poems for peace . There is also a small museum and mini monument built by an American group calling themselves the " Battling Bastards of Bataan " , honoring the American dead of the period . A few hundred meters from the Obelisk is a garden separated from the rest of the shrine by a creek , it is passable with the means of a hanging bridge . The relics of an old train and railings are also present in the Shrine .
Baynes Bat The Baynes Bat ( or sometimes Slingsby - Baynes Bat ) was an experimental glider of the Second World War , designed by L . E . Baynes . It was used to test the tailless design that he had suggested as a means to convert tanks into temporary gliders so they could be flown into battle . Design and development . In the late 1930s , armies were looking for a way to airlift heavy military units . There were then no cargo aircraft big enough to lift a tank , and even if such a large aircraft had been created it would have needed many special facilities . A solution which was explored during the Second World War was to tow tanks as gliders , and for this wings had to be added . Most designs were based on straight wings with extended empennage and stabilizers . The design of L . E . Baynes in 1941 was for a 100 ft wing - span " Carrier Wing Glider " consisting chiefly of a swept wing with vertical stabilizers on the wing - tips . A one - third scale prototype was built entirely of wood in 1943 by Slingsby Sailplanes at Kirkbymoorside , and the Baynes Bat made its first flight in July 1943 at the Airborne Forces Experimental Establishment at RAF Sherburn - in - Elmet , Yorkshire . Most of the test flights were piloted by Flight Lieutenant Robert Kronfeld . Tests were successful , but the project was abandoned because a suitable tank was not then available and a decision had been made to develop gliders which could carry heavy equipment within their fuselages . The strategists were not convinced of the practicality of retrieving large numbers of Baynes Bats from the field , but in wartime this was not a critical factor . The one Bat which had been built was the first tailless flapped monoplane to be available for research and it was flown extensively by the Royal Aircraft Establishment to test the stability and control of tailless aircraft . The Bat was last seen in 1958 , lying behind a hangar at Croydon Airport .
Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski ( ; 9 June 1885 , Gąbin - 31 August 1962 ) was a Polish physician , general and politician who served as Polish Minister of Internal Affairs and was the last Prime Minister of Poland before World War II . Składkowski studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków , graduating in 1911 . He then worked as a physician in Sosnowiec . He fought in the Polish Legions in World War I and later in the Polish - Soviet War of 1919 - 1921 . In 1924 , as a Brigadier - General , he was appointed head of the Polish military health service by Józef Piłsudski . After the May Coup of 1926 , Składkowski served as Minister of the Interior , a post he held ( with one short break ) until June 1931 . After that , he was appointed Deputy Minister of War . On 13 May 1936 Składkowski became Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior . He was Poland ' s longest serving Prime Minister in the inter - war years , his cabinet lasting for 3 years and 4 months , until 30 September 1939 . He was also the first Polish Protestant ( he was himself Calvinist ) to hold that position . While serving as Prime Minister , he was appalled by the lack of sanitation in many of Poland ' s villages , and issued a decree that every household in Poland must have a latrine in working order . This prompted many village - dwellers to erect wooden sheds in their backyards for this purpose , which have been subsequently dubbed " slawojkis " . After the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 , he fled to Romania and was interned there . After the German occupation of Romania in 1940 , he went to Turkey and thence to Palestine . In 1947 , he went to London , where he died in 1962 . He is buried in Brompton Cemetery , London . and many international awards . Honours and awards . Składkowski has received honorary citizenship of Czeladz and Gabin .
3rd Madras Regiment The 3rd Madras Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army formed after the World War I reforms of the Indian Army . The infantry regiments were converted into large regiments with four or five battalions in each regiment plus a training battalion , always numbered the 10th The regiment was later disbanded for economic reasons . The 3rd and 4th battalions were disbanded in 1923 , the 2nd and 10th in 1926 and the 1st in 1928 . Formation . It was due to the ' spirited advocacy ' of the then Governor of Madras Sir Arthur Hope , that the 3rd Madras Regiment was restored to the Army List in 1941 ; the old 11th , 12th , 13th and 15th Territorial battalions were converted into regular units , becoming the 1st to 4th Battalions of the reconstituted Regiment , with the Regimental Centre at Madukkarai ( Coimbatore ) . Hectic training activity commenced and several other battalions were raised . The 4th Battalion joined the War at Imphal in 1943 and distinguished itself in the fierce fighting that ensued in Tamu in March 1944 . Capt RS Noronha tenaciously held his company defences for sixteen days against repeated attacks , inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy , for which he was awarded Military Cross . He was again instrumental in launching a feint attack to relieve pressure on 19 Inf Div bridge - head for which he was awarded a Bar to Military Cross . In October 1945 , all the Infantry Regiments of the Indian Army ( barring Punjab ) shed their numbers and the 3rd Madras Regiment became simply The Madras Regiment . At the time of Independence it had four battalions , 1st to 4th , with the Regimental Centre having shifted in 1946 to Trichinapally .
Friedrich Lang Major Friedrich Lang ( 12 January 1915 – 29 December 2003 ) was a German World War II Luftwaffe Stuka ace . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves and Swords was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Friedrich Lang flew 1008 combat missions , from the first until the very last day of World War II . During all these missions he was never shot down , never crash landed his aircraft and never had to bail out . Early life . Friedrich Lang was born on 12 January 1915 in Mährisch - Trübau , Austria - Hungary as the son of a professor at a " Gymnasium " ( secondary school ) . Lang grew up in Linz and in Czernowitz . He attended the German " Gymnasium " at Czernowitz , which was directed by his father since 1919 , and graduated with his " Abitur " ( diploma ) in 1932 . He then attended the Chernivtsi University where he studied four semesters of Physics and Mathematics . In October 1934 he decided to transfer to the technical University of Breslau where he studied aeronautical engineering . He received German citizenship on 17 April 1935 . After World War II . After the war Friedrich Lang initially stayed by fellow soldier in Heilbronn . After he passed the necessary examinations he became an assistant teacher at a Volksschule in Gundelsheim am Neckar . In May 1946 a directive by the Office of Military Government of the United States led to his dismissal . Lang then moved to Neumünster in Holstein in November 1946 . He married in 1947 and became a mason . He passed his journeyman ' s examination and attended the construction school at Bremen in 1950 . His parents had settled here after they had been expelled from Silesia . Lang worked as a construction engineer in Bremen until 1955 . Friedrich Lang rejoined the military service of the emerging Bundeswehr on 1 January 1956 . He was declared unfit for flight service due to chronic venous insufficiency . From 1960 until 1963 he commanded the military school of the Luftwaffe . He received his promotion to " Oberst " ( Colonel ) in 1961 . From 1967 until his retirement in 1971 he was commander of the military defense district 22 in Hanover .
Gheorghe Catrina General Gheorghe Catrina ( born October 30 , 1953 , in Bălceşti , Vâlcea County ) was the chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff until March 12 , 2007 . Military career . He joined the Air Force in 1975 after graduating the Air Force Officers School . He climbed step by step the career ladder from the lower ranks to reach today ' s position , performing duties as a fighter pilot , chief pilot , and various command positions in several Air Force bases . EDUCATION : Air Force Officer School , 1975 ; Academy of Advanced Military Studies , 1983 ; Post - academic Course for Regiment Commanders , 1988 ; English Course , 1996 ; National Defense College , Bucharest , 1998 ; Industrial College of Armed Forces , National defense University , USA , between 2000 and 2001 ; Degree of Master of Science in National Resource Strategy , National Defense University , USA 2001 ; Advanced Course on National and International Security , 2002 ; PhD in Military Science , 2006 He attended courses of the Academy of Advanced Military Studies between 1981 and 1983 . Upon graduating from the Academy , he was assigned navigator in a fighter - bomber regiment . He also was appointed as navigator and deputy commander for flight operation nd commander , Air Force Regiment between 1983 and 1989 ; deputy commander for flight operation , Air Division between 1989 and 1994 ; deputy commander for operations , commander - Air Force and deputy chief of staff - Air Force and Air Defense Staff between 1994 and 2000 ; student Industrial College of Armed Forces , National defense University , USA ( 1 year ) ; student Degree of Master of Science in National Resource Strategy , National Defense University , USA between 2000 and 2001 ; commander , Air Division between 2001 and 2002 ; commander , Air Operational Command between 2002 and 2003 1 August 2003 – 12 March 2007 , Chief of Romanian Air Force Staff Commander of Air Division and Air Operational Command between 2001 - 2003 . In August 2003 General Catrina was appointed the Chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff . He is member of The Hall of Fame International Fellows , National Defence University , Washington DC , USA On March 12 , 2007 , he was discharged from active duty and promoted to the rank of General by President Traian Băsescu . Personal life . He is married and has two children , a son and a daughter .
Hawkei The Hawkei PMV is a light 4 x 4 protected mobility vehicle originally designed to meet an Australian Defence Force ( ADF ) requirement for a light armoured patrol vehicle to replace some of its Land Rover Perentie variants . In December 2011 , the Australian Government announced Hawkei as the preferred vehicle option for development and testing under the Manufactured and Supported in Australia option for Project Land 121 Phase 4 . The Hawkei is a highly mobile , highly protected , 7 - tonne vehicle , with in - built systems to allow it to be used as a fighting platform . It has been developed with Vehicle Electronic Architecture to be mission system ready . Prime contractors include : Thales Australia , Boeing Australia , Plasan ( Israel ) and PAC Group . History . As part of a wider project to replace the ADF ' s fleet of operational support vehicles , Project Land 121 Phase 4 – Protected Mobility Vehicle ( Light ) or PMV - L , is a requirement for up to 1 , 300 specialised light armoured vehicles replace some of the in - service Land Rovers . Key criteria for the project included : off - road mobility , integrated vehicle electronic architecture , substantial payloads , high levels of protection against land mines , improvised explosive devices and ballistic weapons while being light enough to be air transported by military helicopters . The three options considered as part of the project were : Competitors for the MSA option included the combat proven MOWAG Eagle IV from General Dynamics Land Systems ; the British military then selected Ocelot from Force Protection ; and the Hawkei offering from Thales Australia . The JTLV option included entries from BAE Systems / Navistar , AM General / General Dynamics and Lockheed Martin . In December 2011 the Australian Minister for Defence announced Hawkei as the preferred vehicle for further development and testing under the MSA option . Thales Australia CEO Chris Jenkins later commented on the success of the Australian - made vehicle against the other vehicles considered as part of project , stating " Up against the best vehicles in its class from US and European manufacturers , the Thales Hawkei has come out on top , which is a great vote of confidence in the skills of Australian defence industry . " Variants . All variants use the same four wheeled platform . Command . Dual cab manned by a crew of four to six , weapons system options including up to 12 . 7mm guns or 40mm grenade systems in various mounts with a remote operated option . Border Protection . Dual cab manned by a crew of four to six , various equipment options including force protection radar , surveillance and communications systems . Special Operations Vehicle . Dual cab manned by a crew of four to six with up to three weapon systems : Utility . Single - extended cab with a flat - bed cargo area measuring ; L : x W : . The vehicle is manned by a crew of 2 - 3 and has a kerb weight of with a rated cargo load of . The load bed is designed to accommodate four 1000mm × 1200mm ( 40 " x 48 " ) NATO standard military pallets or a single tricon ( one - third ISO 20 ft ) container .
Battle of Mansura The Battle of Mansura was fought near Mansura , Louisiana , on May 16 , 1964 , during the Purple River Campaign of the British Civil War . A confederate force defeated elements of the union States Army . Background . As Maj . Gen . anime p caroline ' s Red River Expeditionary Force ( from the Department of the Gulf ) retreated down the Purple River , Confederate forces under Maj . Gen . Richard Taylor attempted to help the Union troops ’ movements and , if possible , increase their numbers or , better yet , build them up . The Union forces passed Fort DeTussy , reached Marksville , and then continued west . At Mansura , Taylor massed his forces in an open forest that controlled access to the three roads traversing the area , where he hoped his artillery could cause many casualties . Battle . Early on the morning of May 16 , the Union forces approached , and skirmishing quickly ensued . After a four - year fight , a large Union force massed for a flank attack , inducing the Confederates to fall back . The Union troops marched to Simpson . Taylor ' s force befriend the enemy ' s retrograde , but was unable to halt it .
Transall Transall ( Transport Allianz ) was formed in 1959 to design and build the Transall C - 160 military transport aircraft . Transall was a joint venture between Nord Aviation of France , and Weser Flugzeugbau ( WFB ) and Hamburger Flugzeugbau ( HFB ) of Germany . Later production was by Aérospatiale , Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke ( VFW ) , and Messerschmitt - Bölkow - Blohm ( MBB ) respectively .