naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Harold A . Garman Harold Alva Garman ( February 26 , 1918 – August 13 , 1992 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . Biography . Garman joined the Army from Albion , Illinois in 1942 , and by August 25 , 1944 was a private serving as a medic in Company B , 5th Medical Battalion , 5th Infantry Division . On that day , near Montereau , France , he participated in the evacuation of wounded soldiers across the Seine river . When a boat loaded with wounded came under fire from a German machine gun on the opposite bank , Garman dove into the river , swam into the machine gun fire to reach the boat and towed it to safety . For these actions , he was awarded the Medal of Honor seven months later , on March 29 , 1945 . Garman reached the rank of technician fifth grade before leaving the Army . He married Mary I . Jones and had two children , Steven and Sherry . He died at age 74 and was buried at Samaria Baptist Church in Albion , Illinois . Medal of Honor citation . Private Garman ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty . On 25 August 1944 , in the vicinity of Montereau , France , the enemy was sharply contesting any enlargement of the bridgehead which our forces had established on the northern bank of the Seine River in this sector . Casualties were being evacuated to the southern shore in assault boats paddled by litter bearers from a medical battalion . Pvt . Garman , also a litter bearer in this battalion , was working on the friendly shore carrying the wounded from the boats to waiting ambulances . As 1 boatload of wounded reached midstream , a German machinegun suddenly opened fire upon it from a commanding position on the northern bank 100 yards away . All of the men in the boat immediately took to the water except 1 man who was so badly wounded he could not rise from his litter . Two other patients who were unable to swim because of their wounds clung to the sides of the boat . Seeing the extreme danger of these patients , Pvt . Garman without a moment ' s hesitation plunged into the Seine . Swimming directly into a hail of machinegun bullets , he rapidly reached the assault boat and then while still under accurately aimed fire towed the boat with great effort to the southern shore . This soldier ' s moving heroism not only saved the lives of the three patients but so inspired his comrades that additional assault boats were immediately procured and the evacuation of the wounded resumed . Pvt . Garman ' s great courage and his heroic devotion to the highest tenets of the Medical Corps may be written with great pride in the annals of the corps .
Operation Spider Operation Spider was a combined effort by Republika Srpska and the Republic of Serb Krajina to recover the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia , which was a key ally of the Serbs . The Bosnian government had previously overrun and seized the territory . The operation ended in a Serb victory and the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia remained in existence until the fall of its key ally the Republic of Serbian Krajina and the subsequent end of the war .
United States Navy Recruiting Command The United States Navy Recruiting Command ( NRC or NAVCRUITCOM ) is located in Millington , Tennessee . It aims to recruit both enlisted sailor s and prospective commissioned officer s for the United States Navy . NRC covers the entire United States with 26 Navy Recruiting Districts ( NRDs ) commanded by two Navy Recruiting Regions . NRC received the Meritorious Unit Commendation for the period October 1 , 2007 through September 30 , 2008 .
Count Wirich Philipp von Daun Count Wirich Philipp von Daun ( 19 October 1669 – 30 July 1741 ) was an Austrian Field Marshal in the War of Spanish Succession , and father of the better known Leopold Josef Graf Daun . He was born in Vienna to Wilhelm Graf Daun , also a Field Marshal . Wirich served in the War of Spanish Succession under Eugene of Savoy , and gained his glory in the successful defence of Turin in 1706 . He also laid siege to and conquered Gaeta on 30 September 1707 . After the war , in 1713 he became first Austrian Viceroy of Naples . In 1718 he lost the Battle of Milazzo during the War of the Quadruple Alliance , when Spain invaded neighbouring Sicily . From February until October 1725 he was interim Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands . He was to prepare the arrival of the new governor Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria , sister of emperor Charles VI . The situation in the Austrian Netherlands was very difficult after the mismanagement by the previous plenipotentiary minister Hercule - Louis Turinetti , marquis of Prié . Daun profited from the positive atmosphere resulting from the departure of Prié . He enforced a reform of the military organisation and administration in the Southern Netherlands , in which he incorporated the existing ' Belgian ' army into the imperial forces . From 1725 until 1736 he was Governor of Milan . Von Daun died at Vienna , and was buried in the Georgskapelle of the Augustinerkirche , together with his son .
Canterbury Mounted Rifles Regiment The Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment was a New Zealand Mounted Regiment formed for service during World War I . It was formed from Units of the Territorial Force consisting of one squadron each from the 1st Mounted Rifles ( Canterbury Yeomanry Cavalry ) , the 8th ( South Canterbury ) Mounted Rifles and the 10th ( Nelson ) Mounted Rifles . They served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I and first saw action during the Battle of Gallipoli . As a part of the larger New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade ( of the ANZAC Mounted Division ) they went on to serve in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign . Between the Wars . In 1921 they were amalgamated with the 8th ( South Canterbury ) Mounted Rifles and was redesignated the Canterbury Yeomanry Cavalry . Which became part of 3rd Armoured Regiment on 29 March 1944 .
SS Empire Bay Empire Bay was a 2 , 824 GRT collier . She was built by W Gray & Co Ltd , Hartlepool in 1940 . She was owned by the Ministry of War Transport ( MoWT ) and managed by the Joseph Constantine Steamship Line Ltd . " Empire Bay " was sunk by German bombing off Middlesbrough on 15 January 1942 . Career . " Empire Bay " was built by William Gray & Sons Ltd , Hartlepool , Co . Durham . She was launched on 20 August 1940 and completed in November that year . She was built for the MoWT and placed under the management of Joseph Constantine Steamship Line Ltd . Her port of registry was West Hartlepool . War service . " Empire Bay " was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World War . Convoy HG 59 sailed from Gibraltar on 13 April 1941 and arrived at Liverpool on 1 May . " Empire Bay " was carrying a cargo of iron ore and was bound for Workington . Convoy HG 75 which sailed from Gibraltar on 22 October 1941 and arrived at Liverpool on 3 November . " Empire Bay " was carrying a cargo of iron ore and was bound for Barrow - in - Furness . Convoy OS 14 which sailed from Liverpool on 13 December 1941 and arrived at Freetown , Sierra Leone on 3 January 1942 . " Empire Bay " left the convoy shortly after it sailed and was bound for Glasgow . At the time she was armed with a 4 " gun and four machine guns . Sinking . On 15 January 1942 , " Empire Bay " was bombed by Dornier Do217 E - 4 U5 + HS of " 8 Staffeln , Kampfgeschwader 2 " , based at Schiphol , the Netherlands . " Empire Bay " anti - aircraft guns damaged the Dornier , which later flew into the cable of a barrage balloon in Billingham and subsequently crashed at railway sidings in South Bank , Middlesbrough killing all four crew . At the time " Empire Bay " was in Tees Bay , off Middlesbrough while on a voyage from Hartlepool to London . She sank at . The entire crew were rescued alive . The wreck lies in of water and large sections of the ship can still be found . Official numbers and code letters . Official numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers . " Empire Bay " had the UK Official Number 160786 and used the Code Letters GNFX . Propulsion . " Empire Bay " was powered by a triple - expansion steam engine manufactured by the Central Marine Engine Works , West Hartlepool . The cylinders were , and diameter by stroke . The engine developed .
Harry Norton Schofield Lieutenant - Colonel Harry Norton Schofield VC ( 29 January 1865 – 10 October 1931 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Schofield was 34 years old , and a captain in the Royal Artillery ( Royal Field Artillery ) , British Army during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 15 December 1899 , at the Battle of Colenso , South Africa , Captain Schofield with several others tried to save the guns of the 14th and 66th Batteries , Royal Field Artillery , when the detachments serving the guns had all become casualties or been driven from their guns by infantry fire at close range . Captain Schofield went out with two other officers ( Walter Norris Congreve and Frederick Hugh Sherston ( The Hon . ) Roberts ) and a corporal ( George Edward Nurse ) when the first attempt was made to extricate the guns and helped in withdrawing the two that were saved . Schofield was initially awarded the Distinguished Service Order , but this was subsequently upgraded to the VC , his citation reads : Schofield received the medal from King Edward VII during an investiture at St . James´s Palace 29 October 1901 . Further information . Schofield served in the First World War and retired with the rank of lieutenant colonel . He is buried in Putney Vale Cemetery .
Joelton Air Force Station Joelton Air Force Station ( ADC ID : SM - 145 ) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station . It is located west of Goodlettsville , Tennessee . It was closed in 1960 . History . Joelton Air Force Station ( AFS ) was initially part of Phase II of the Air Defense Command Mobile Radar program . The Air Force approved this expansion of the Mobile Radar program on October 23 , 1952 to provide radar coverage of the Nashville , TN area . Radars in this network were designated “ SM . ” The station became operational on 1 October 1956 when the 799th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron began operating an AN / MPS - 11 search radar and an AN / TPS - 10 D height - finder radar . Eventually these sets were replaced by more - modern AN / FPS - 6 height - finder radar and AN / FPS - 8 search radar sets . Initially the station functioned as a Ground - Control Intercept ( GCI ) and warning station . As a GCI station , the squadron ' s role was to guide interceptor aircraft toward unidentified intruders picked up on the unit ' s radar scopes . In addition to the main facility , Guthrie operated an unmanned AN / FPS - 18 Gap Filler site : Joelton AFS was closed on 1 June 1961 due to budgetary constraints . However , the FAA retained the radar , replacing the search radar with an ARSR - 1 E model . The FAA continues to operate the site as part of the Joint Surveillance System ( JSS ) . Most of the Air Force buildings remain and are in use ; the housing area is now private residences . References . Bibliography . Further Reading
Alfred Shepherd Alfred Seymour Shepherd DSO , MC , was an Australian flying ace from World War I . He was credited with 10 aerial victories . Early life and ground service . Alfred Seymour Shepherd was born to Emma Montgomery and James Shepherd on 13 April 1893 . He was the first son and the second child of five siblings . His father died when young Alfred was 15 years old . Shepherd went on to serve four years in the Sydney University Scouts , while he was studying for a Bachelor of Engineering degree at Sydney University . Shepherd enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force at Warwick Farm , Australia , on 8 September 1915 , giving his civilian occupation as civil engineer . After service as an officer with the infantry , he transferred to the Royal Flying Corps on 23 October 1916 . Aerial service . He was posted to 29 Squadron as a Nieuport 23 fighter pilot on 25 April 1917 . He scored his first of his ten wins over German Albatros D . III s on 11 May 1917 , and wrapped up his string on 29 June . His total can be summed up as two set afire , two others destroyed , and six driven down out of control . Shepherd was appointed flight commander on 13 July 1917 . One week later , he was shot down and killed in action by one of the Red Baron ' s wingmen , German ace Alfred Niederhoff . Honours and awards . Distinguished Service Order ( DSO ) 2nd Lt . Alfred Seymour Shepherd , M . C . , R . F . C . , Spec . Res . For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty on numerous occasions when engaged in combat with hostile aircraft . Though surrounded by enemy machines , he continued to fight for nearly an hour with the utmost gallantry and determination against two hostile formations , finally bringing down one of the enemy out of control . Within a month he brought down seven hostile machines completely out of control . ( Supplement to the London Gazette , 17 September 1917 ) Military Cross ( MC ) 2nd Lt . Alfred Seymour Shepherd , R . F . C . , Spec . Res . For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty . While on balloon attack he came under heavy fire from a rocket battery . He attacked this battery from a low altitude , silencing it , and dispersing the gunners . He then returned to the attack on a balloon , and fired all his ammunition , and though his machine was badly hit , crossed the line at 100 feet . ( Supplement to the London Gazette , 16 August 1917 )
Cascabel ( artillery ) A cascabel is a subassembly of a muzzle loading cannon - a place to attach arresting ropes to deal with the recoil of firing the cannon . Generally comprising the knob ( A ) and the neck ( B ) , with particular models also featuring a filet ( C ) . By some definitions , the cascabel additionally includes the base of the breech ( D ) . Cascabels varied in design and appearance , and were a common feature of cannons from the 17th century until the advent of the breech loading cannon in the late 19th century . Cascabels from guns captured during the Siege of Sevastopol are used to make Victoria Cross es . References . . these cascabells where used to make vcs
No . 1 ( Coastal ) Operational Training Unit RAF No . 1 ( Coastal ) Operational Training Unit RAF was a training unit operated by the Royal Air Force Coastal Command . The unit was established during April 1940 by the renaming of a Coastal Command unit and disbanded during October 1943 . History . The unit originally started out life as the RAF Coastal Command Landplane Pilots Pool based at RAF Silloth in Cumbria training crews for landplanes flying Avro Anson s , Lockheed Hudson s , Bristol Blenheim s and Bristol Beaufort s . However during April 1940 the unit was renamed to No . 1 ( Coastal ) Operational Training Unit and before long with the creation of more OTU ' s the unit started to specialise in training Hudson crews . On 23 March 1943 the unit moved to RAF Thornaby before disbanding during October 1943 . Accidents . During September 1942 a Lockheed Hudson Mk . I N7325 of the unit crashed on Cross Fell in the Peak District .
Graitzas Palaiologos Konstantinos Graitzas Palaiologos ( ) was the commander of the Byzantine garrison at Salmeniko Castle near Patras during the invasion of the Despotate of Morea by the forces of Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire in 1460 . Graitzas descended from an obscure branch of the Palaiologos family , but showed far more valor than his distant relatives , the siblings and co - ruling Despotes Thomas Palaiologos and Demetrios Palaiologos . Whereas the former fled to Modon , Corfu , and finally Rome and the latter surrendered outright to the Sultan , Graitzas maintained his position , helding his redoubt until July 1461 , long after the surrender of his lords . Mehmed the Conqueror personally oversaw the attack . The elite Janissaries managed to subdue the town by cutting off its water supply . Its remaining residents ( approximately 6000 ) were sold into slavery , with 900 children chosen for the Devşirme . Graitzas and his garrison continued to hold out in the castle citadel . At this point Gratizas agreed to surrender the castle to Mehmed in return for safe conduct and immunity for his troops . Following Mehmed ' s departure however , two successive subordinates disregarded the promise , arresting the first soldiers to leave the citadel and then renewing the siege . In July 1461 , with Salmeniko now isolated and surrounded and , as the last garrison of the Roman Empire , no hope of relief , Graitzas , leading a sortie of the remaining garrison , escaped the besiegers and sought refuge in the Venetian fortress of Lepanto ( modern Naupactus ) . There , the Roman Empire he served now defunct , Graitzas accepted a commission as general in the armed forces of the Republic of Venice .
Battle of Ichi - no - Tani At the chosen hour , all three groups moved in , encircling the fortress , and setting it aflame . Many of the Taira warriors fled to their ships , and set out for Yashima , but Taira no Tadanori was killed , and Shigehira captured . Ichi - no - Tani is one of the most famous battles of the Genpei War , in large part due to the individual combats that occurred here . Benkei , probably the most famous of all warrior monks , fought alongside the Minamoto Yoshitsune here , and many of the Taira ' s most important and powerful warriors were present as well . The death of sixteen - year - old Taira no Atsumori at the hand of Kumagai no Naozane is a particularly famous passage in " Heike Monogatari " . It has been dramatized in noh and kabuki , and in popular fiction , Oda Nobunaga is often portrayed as performing the noh at his own death ( " ningen goju nen geten no uchi wo kurabureba , yumemaboroshi no gotoku nari " ) . The death of Atsumori is arguably among the most celebrated acts of single combat in all of Japanese history . Ichi - no - Tani is also the last recorded instance in which crossbows were used in a Japanese siege .
War College A War College is a senior military academy which is normally intended for veteran military officers and whose purpose is to educate and ' train on ' senior military tacticians , strategists , and leaders . It is also often the place where advanced tactical and strategic thought is conducted , both for the purpose of developing doctrine and for the purpose of identifying implications and shifts in long - term patterns . Examples :
65th Infantry Division ( United States ) The 65th Infantry Division — nicknamed the Battle - axe — was an infantry division of the United States Army that served in World War II . Its shoulder patch is a white halberd on a blue shield . The entire length of Pennsylvania Route 65 is named the " 65th Infantry Division Memorial Highway " in its honor . World War II . Activated : 16 August 1943 . Overseas : 10 January 1945 . Campaigns : Rhineland , Central Europe . Days of combat : 55 . Awards : MH - 1 ( Frederick C . Murphy ) ; DSM - 1 ; SS - 77 ; LM - 14 ; SM - 4 ; BSM - 686 ; AM - 19 . Commanders : Major General Stanley Eric Reinhart ( August 1943 – 1 August 1945 ) , Brig . Gen . John E . Copeland ( 1 August 1945 to inactivation ) . Inactivated : 31 August 1945 in Germany . Combat Chronicle . The 65th Infantry Division landed at Le Havre , France , 21 January 1945 , and proceeded to Camp Lucky Strike , where training continued until 1 March , when the Division moved forward to relieve the 26th Infantry Division . First elements entered the line , 5 March 1945 , and the Division as a whole took over aggressive defense of the sector along the Saar , from Orscholz to Wadgassen , on 8 March 1945 . On 17 March , the Division attacked across the Saar , crossing the river at Dillingen and captured Saarlautern , 19 March , as Siegfried Line defenses cracked . Capturing Neunkirchen , 21 March 1945 , the Division raced to the Rhine , crossed the river at Oppenheim , 30 March , and ran into heavy Germany resistance and counterattacks . Langensalza fell on 5 April , Struth on the 7th , and Neumarkt on the 22nd . Continuing its advance against crumbling German opposition , the Division crossed the Danube 4 miles below Regensburg , 26 April , took the city , 27 April , seized Passau , cross the Inn River , 4 May , and occupied Linz , Austria , on the 5th . Germans surrendered en masse . On 9 May , as hostilities officially ended in Europe , the troops of the 65th made contact with the Russians at Erlauf . Medal of Honor Recipients . Frederick C . Murphy , PFC , U . S . Army , Medical Detachment , 259th Infantry , 65th Infantry Division , Siegfried Line at Saarlautern , Germany , 18 March 1945 .
Diving plane A diving plane , also known as a hydroplane , is a control surface found on submarine s which allow the vessel to pitch its bow and stern up or down to assist in the process of submerging or surfacing the boat , as well as controlling depth when submerged . Diving planes function in much the same way as an aircraft ' s elevator . Diving planes are usually fitted in pairs , the " bow planes " at the front of the submarine and the " stern planes " at the rear . Diving planes located on the sail ( conning tower ) are called fairwater planes on US Navy submarines . Fairwater planes do not pitch the ship up or down ; they cause the ship to rise or sink on a level plane as they are operated . Newer ships , starting with the third - flight Los Angeles class subs ( or 688i ' s ) have eliminated the sail planes , and operate instead with bow planes . In automotive terms , dive planes ( which physically resemble submarine diving planes ) are aerodynamic devices fitted on cars just ahead of the front wheels . They are most commonly found on racing cars such as the Le Mans Prototype Series and are used to create additional downforce and channel airflow to help balance the car . The 2012 Mercedes - Benz C63 AMG Black Series is one of the first road cars to feature these devices .
Fort Paull Fort Paull is a gun battery situated on the north bank of the Humber , near the village of Paull , downstream from Hull in northern England . Batteries have been built at Paull by Henry VIII , Charles I during the Civil War during the siege of Hull and the Napoleonic Wars . The current fort is of pentagonal design and was built in 1861 - 4 and on the recommendations of the Royal Commission , hence it is one of the Palmerston Forts . The original emplacements , nineteen 64 pounder ( 29 kg ) RML artillery pieces were almost completely demolished in 1894 when concrete emplacements for three disappearing guns and two quick firing guns were built . A mining station was added in 1886 and searchlights followed in 1907 . At the outset of the First World War , Paull was judged too close to Hull , so was disarmed when new forts were built at Sunk Island and Stallingborough . The fort was used as a training base between the wars , and during the Second World War , it was converted into a magazine to serve the Russian convoys ; a degaussing station was also added . In 1960 , Fort Paull was released from the Ministry of Defence and closed down . In 1964 , a group of volunteers , the Friends of Fort Paull took over the site and began to restore the fort as a heritage museum . Fort Paull finally opened to the public in 2000 . Fort Paull houses a waxwork museum showing figures which have influenced the fort ' s long history as well as an armoury showing various artillery pieces and armoured vehicles . The fort also plays hosts to various military reenactments from time to time . Fort Paull is the location of the last remaining complete Blackburn Beverley heavy transport aircraft .