naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
French ironclad Lave Lave was an ironclad floating battery of the French Navy during the 19th century . She was part of the " Dévastation " - class of floating batteries . In the 1850s , the British and French navies deployed iron - armoured floating batteries as a supplement to the wooden steam battlefleet in the Crimean War . The role of the battery was to assist unarmoured mortar and gunboats bombarding shore fortifications . The French used three of their ironclad batteries ( " Lave " , " Tonnante " and " Dévastation " ) in 1855 against the defences at the Battle of Kinburn ( 1855 ) on the Black Sea , where they were effective against Russian shore defences . They would later be used again during the Italian war in the Adriatic in 1859 . The ships were flat - bottomed , and commonly nicknamed " soapboxes " . They were towed from France to Crimea to participate to the conflict . " Lave " was towed by the paddle frigate " Magellan " .
10th Ohio Battery 10th Ohio Independent Battery was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The battery was organized in Xenia , Ohio January 9 , 1862 and mustered in at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati , Ohio for a three - year enlistment on March 3 , 1862 under Captain Hamilton Berlace White . The battery was attached to 6th Division , Army of the Tennessee , to July 1862 . Artillery , 6th Division , District of Corinth , Mississippi , to November 1862 . Artillery , 6th Division , Left Wing , XIII Corps , Department of the Tennessee , to December 1862 . 3rd Brigade , 6th Division , XVI Corps , to January 1863 . 3rd Brigade , 6th Division , XVII Corps , to September 1863 . Artillery , 1st Division , XVII Corps , to April 1864 . Artillery , 4th Division , XVII Corps , April 1864 . Artillery , 3rd Division , XVII Corps , to November 1864 . Artillery Reserve , Nashville , Tennessee , Department of the Cumberland , to February 1865 . 2nd Brigade , 4th Division , District of East Tennessee , Department of the Cumberland , to July 1865 . The 10th Ohio Battery mustered out of service at Camp Dennison on July 17 , 1865 . Detailed service . Ordered to St . Louis , Mo . , then moved to Pittsburg Landing , Tenn . , April 4 – 9 . Advance on and siege of Corinth , Miss . , April 29 - May 30 , 1862 . Duty at Corinth , Miss . , until September 15 . Moved to Iuka , Miss . , and duty there until October 1 . Battle of Iuka September 19 and 27 . Moved to Corinth October 1 – 2 . Battle of Corinth October 3 – 4 . Pursuit to Ripley October 5 – 12 . Grant ' s Central Mississippi Campaign November 1862 to January 1863 . Moved to Memphis , Tenn . , January 10 , 1863 , then to Lake Providence , La . , January 21 , and duty there until April . Movement on Bruinsburg and turning Grand Gulf April 25 – 30 . Duty at Grand Gulf until June . Siege of Vicksburg June 13 - July 4 . Messenger ' s Ferry , Big Black River , June 29 – 30 and July 3 . Advance on Jackson , Miss . , July 4 – 10 . Bolton ' s Ferry , Big Black River , July 4 – 6 . Siege of Jackson , Miss . , July 10 – 17 . Duty at Vicksburg until April 1864 . Moved to Clifton , Tenn . , then marched via Huntsville and Decatur , Ala . , to Ackworth , Ga . , April to June 9 . Atlanta Campaign June 9 to September 8 . Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10 - July 2 . Assault on Kennesaw June 27 . Nickajack Creek July 2 – 5 . Chattahoochie River July 5 – 12 . Turner ' s Ferry July 5 . Moved to Marietta , Ga . , July 12 , and duty there until November . Moved to Nashville , Tenn . , November 2 , and duty there until April 1865 . Battles of Nashville December 15 – 16 , 1864 ( reserve ) . Moved to Sweetwater , Tenn . , April 1 , 1865 , then to Loudon , Tenn . , and duty there until July . Casualties . The battery lost a total of 18 enlisted men during service , all due to disease .
HMS Halsham ( M2633 ) HMS " Halsham " was one of 93 ships of the of inshore minesweepers . Their names were all chosen from villages ending in " - ham " . The minesweeper was named after Halsham in the East Riding of Yorkshire . She was transferred to the Air Ministry in 1966 and renamed No . 5002 . Following her transfer to the RCT in 1974 she was renamed Richard George Masters V . C . < br >
Joseph Cabell Breckinridge , Sr . Joseph Cabell Breckinridge , Sr . ( 1842 – 1920 ) was a Union Army officer from Kentucky during the American Civil War . In later life , he became a brigadier general in the U . S . Regular Army and Inspector General of the Army as well as a major general of volunteers in the Spanish - American War . His cousin , John C . Breckenridge , a Confederate major general and former Vice President of the United States and his two oldest brothers fought for the Confederacy , while he and another younger son of Robert Jefferson Breckinridge , a Presbyterian minister , politician , public office holder and abolitionist , fought for the Union . Joseph C . Breckinridge , Sr . , was born in 1842 , a member of the prominent Breckinridge family , in Baltimore , Maryland . His father , Robert Jefferson Breckinridge , a minister , was one of the most distinguished divines and one of the most prolific writers of the century ; a leader of the Kentucky emancipation party in 1849 ; and a strong Union man in 1861 at the outbreak of the Civil War . Joining the Army in August 1861 , Joseph C . Breckinridge was appointed an aide - de - camp to George H . Thomas , and served with him at Mill Springs and Shiloh . While serving at Corinth , he was commissioned a lieutenant in the 2nd US Artillery . He served in the Atlanta Campaign , and was captured following the death of James B . McPherson . After being exchanged , he served out the remainder of the war as a mustering officer , and received brevet promotions to captain ( July 1864 ) and major ( March 1865 ) . He received promotions to the full ranks of captain and major in 1874 and 1881 respectively . On January 30 , 1889 , Breckinridge was promoted to brigadier general and Inspector General of the Army . He was promoted to Major General of volunteers in the Spanish - American War . Tragically his eldest son Joseph Cabell Breckinridge was killed while serving on the USS Cushing ( TB - 1 ) , Ensign Breckinridge was washed overboard and drowned in Cuban waters . General Breckinridge was president of the District of Columbia Society and vice - president general of the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution . He was also a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and the Military Order of Foreign Wars . Major General Breckinridge was married to Louise Ludlow Dudley , daughter of Ethelbert Ludlow Dudley of Lexington , Kentucky in July 1868 .
Spanish Main In the days of the Spanish New World Empire , the mainland of the American continent enclosing the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico was referred to as the Spanish Main . Concept . It included present - day Florida , the western shore of the Gulf of Mexico in Texas and Mexico , Central America and the north coast of South America . In particular , the term is most strongly associated with that stretch of the Caribbean coastline that runs from the ports of Porto Bello on the Isthmus of Darien in Panama , through Cartagena de Indias in New Granada , and Maracaibo to the Orinoco delta . Veracruz in New Spain was another major port . Resources . From the 16th to the early 19th century , the Spanish Main was the point of departure for enormous wealth that was shipped back to Spain in the form of gold , silver , gem s , spices , hardwoods , hides and other riches . Silver in the form of pieces of eight was brought to the Spanish Main by llama and mule train from Potosí via the Pacific coast , while wares from the Far East that had arrived at Acapulco on the Manila galleon s were also then transported overland to the Spanish Main . From there they were shipped to Spain by Spanish galleons . Because of the tremendous riches which were shipped from it , the Spanish Main was ripe territory for pirates and privateer s .
USS Isonomia USS " Isonomia " was a steamship in the United States Navy during the American Civil War . Formerly " Shamrock " , " Isonomia " was purchased at New York from Charles S . Leary on 16 July 1864 . She was commissioned at New York Navy Yard on 16 August 1864 , Lieutenant Commander E . Simpson in command . Service history . " Isonomia " sailed for Beaufort , North Carolina on 19 August and arrived there 23 August to join the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron . She served off New Inlet , North Carolina , until ordered to Key West on 18 September with special instructions to cruise in the vicinity of Nassau and the Bahama Banks . At Key West she was found unready for sea service and stationed at West Pass , Florida , where she operated until 15 November when she returned to Key West to prepare for cruising in Bahama waters . At the end of January 1865 " Isonomia " was returned to coastal blockade duty off western Florida and continued this duty until the end of the war . She captured the British bark " George Douthwaite " which attempted to slip into the Warrior River with a cargo of sugar , rum , wool , ginger , and mahogany from Jamaica . Towing , she sailed for New York on 9 June 1865 where she decommissioned 28 June 1865 and was sold at public auction to Tabor & Co . on 12 July 1865 . Subsequently she became the merchant steamer " City of Providence " , and was later sold to foreign interests in 1867 . As of 2007 , no other ship of the US Navy has been named " Isonomia " .
Dale Maple Dale H . Maple ( 1920 – 2001 ) was a private in the United States Army in World War II who helped two German prisoners of war escape in 1943 . They were recaptured , and Maple was sentenced to death by hanging . He was the first American soldier ever convicted of a crime equivalent to treason . However , his sentence was first commuted to life imprisonment and later to ten years . Early life and education . Maple was born in San Diego , California in 1920 . His working class parents were of English and Irish extraction . Maple graduated first in his class of 585 from San Diego High School at the age of sixteen and won a scholarship to Harvard University . In 1941 , he received a bachelor ' s degree in comparative philology magna cum laude , specializing in German , from Harvard and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa . An agent later described him as " one of the most intelligent men I have ever had the opportunity to interview " . However , he was pressured into resigning from the university German Club for singing the " Horst - Wessel - Lied " and other Nazi songs . When he told " The Crimson " student newspaper that " even a bad dictatorship is better than a good democracy " , he was also dismissed from the campus Reserve Officers ' Training Corps . Aiding the enemy . As a result of his pro - German activities , when Maple enlisted in February 1942 , both the Army and the FBI kept files on him . He was assigned , along with others under suspicion , to the 620th Engineer General Service Company , one of only a handful of units not allowed to bear arms . On December 5 , 1943 , a detachment of the company was assigned to guard prisoners of war at Camp Hale in Colorado . Fraternization between guards and prisoners was noticed ( and resented ) by ski troopers of the 10th Mountain Division who were training there ; many of the division ' s ski instructors were Austrian emigres . Maple and three others in the 620th plotted an escape . Maple purchased a 1934 Reo sedan and , on February 15 , 1944 , picked up " Afrika Korps " Sergeants Heinrich Kikillus and Erhard Schwichtenberg from a work detail without attracting attention . After 36 hours of driving , they were within of the Mexican border when they ran out of gas . The trio walked into Mexico , where they were arrested by a Mexican customs official and turned over to American authorities . Maple was jailed in Albuquerque , New Mexico and originally charged with treason . The Army convened a court martial and charged Maple instead under the 81st Article of War for " relieving , corresponding with or aiding the enemy " , the " closest equivalent to the charge of treason " . He pleaded innocent , but was found guilty and sentenced to death by hanging . However , the Army Judge Advocate General recommended to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt that his life be spared . Roosevelt commuted Maple ' s sentence to life imprisonment . After the war , in 1946 , the sentence was further reduced to ten years . He was released in February 1951 .
Williams Bay Air Force Station Williams Bay Air Force Station ( ADC ID : P - 31 ) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station . It is located north of Williams Bay , Wisconsin . It was closed in 1960 . History . In late 1951 Air Defense Command selected Elkhorn , Wisconsin site as one of twenty - eight radar stations built as part of the second segment of the permanent radar surveillance network . Prompted by the start of the Korean War , on July 11 , 1950 , the Secretary of the Air Force asked the Secretary of Defense for approval to expedite construction of the second segment of the permanent network . Receiving the Defense Secretary ’ s approval on July 21 , the Air Force directed the Corps of Engineers to proceed with construction . On 27 November 1950 the 755th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron began operating a pair of AN / CPS - 6 B radars at the site , designated LP - 31 . The site was renamed Williams Bay Air Force Station on 1 December 1953 , and initially the station functioned as a Ground - Control Intercept ( GCI ) and warning station . As a GCI station , the squadron ' s role was to guide interceptor aircraft toward unidentified intruders picked up on the unit ' s radar scopes . An AN / FPS - 6 height - finder radar was added in 1959 . In addition to the main facility , Williams Bay operated the following AN / FPS - 18 Gap Filler sites : Williams Bay ceased operations in January 1960 as a budget reduction move , the mission and organization being transferred to the existing United States Army Arlington Heights facility C - 80DC for the Nike Missile air - defense system , as part of the Chicago - Gary Defense Area . Approximately one acre , located in the southwest corner of the Air Force Station property , was retained by the Air Force as a Gap Filler site ( RP - 31F ) for Arlington Heights , although it is unclear if any FPS - 18 radars were installed . Most of the station was excessed to the General Service Administration , which sold it to the State of Wisconsin in 1962 , and used as a Prisoner Re - Release minimum security prison on the site until 1972 . The Gap Filler Annex was declared excess in 4 January 1968 , and sold to private ownership in 5 November 1969 . In 1974 , the State sold the site to private interests , currently operating it as the Williams Bay Industrial Park , using some of the old USAF buildings . The former family housing units are maintained as private residences . Sevearl auto junkyards are also on the former Air Force property . There is a small Wisconsin Historical Society Marker on the former air force station honoring the 755th AC & W Squadron .
A4W reactor The A4W reactor is a naval reactor used by the United States Navy to propel warship s and generate onboard electricity . The A4W designation stands for : These nuclear fission pressurized water reactors ( PWRs ) were jointly designed by Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory and Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory and built by Westinghouse Electric Corporation . Their reactor cores are expected to operate for about 20 years . The only ships to use these nuclear reactors are the " Nimitz " class supercarrier s , which have two reactors each rated at 550 MWth . These generate enough steam to produce 140 , 000 shaft horsepower ( 104 MW ) .
Nuffield Guppy The Nuffield Guppy was a small military vehicle designed by Sir Alec Issigonis while he worked for the Nuffield Organisation in the early 1940s . The vehicle was designed to be parachute - droppable and was intended to assist paratroops to transport loads up to at walking speeds and to be amphibious . The vehicle resembled the DUKW but was only about long . It had large balloon tyre s and an outboard motor at the rear . It was capable of carrying one person with equipment - or being used as a kind of motorized wheelbarrow by someone walking alongside the vehicle . The war in Europe ended before the Guppy saw service . The confusingly similar name " Nuffield Gutty " was subsequently used for several unrelated prototype vehicles .
SIPRNet The Secret Internet Protocol Router Network ( SIPRNet ) is " a system of interconnected computer networks used by the United States Department of Defense and the U . S . Department of State to transmit classified information ( up to and including information classified SECRET ) by packet switching over the TCP / IP protocol s in a ' completely secure ' environment " . It also provides services such as hypertext document access and electronic mail . As such , SIPRNet is the DoD ' s classified version of the civilian Internet . SIPRNet is the SECRET component of the Defense Information Systems Network . Access . According to the U . S . Department of State Web Development Handbook , domain structure and naming conventions are the same as for the open internet , except for the addition of a second - level domain , like , e . g . , " sgov " between state and gov : openforum . state . sgov . gov . Files originating from SIPRNET are marked by a header tag " SIPDIS " ( SIPrnet DIStribution ) . A corresponding second - level domain smil . mil exists for DoD users . According to the Pentagon , SIPRNet has approximately 4 . 2 million users . Access is also available to a " " . . . small pool of trusted allies , including Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom and New Zealand . . . " " SIPRNet was one of the networks accessed by Bradley Manning , convicted of leaking the video used in WikiLeaks ' " Collateral Murder " release as well as the source of the US diplomatic cables published by WikiLeaks in November 2010 .
Charles R . Hamm Lieutenant General Charles R . Hamm ( born December 23 , 1933 ) served as the eleventh Superintendent of the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs . Education and training . General Hamm was born in 1933 , in Little Rock , Arkansas , and graduated from Kemper Military School , Boonville , Missouri , in 1951 . He earned a bachelor ' s degree from the United States Military Academy in 1956 and a master ' s degree in political science from Auburn University in 1969 . The general completed Air Command and Staff College in 1969 , and the National War College in 1972 . Military assignments . After completing pilot training at Malden Air Base , Missouri , and Laredo Air Force Base , Texas , in August 1957 , General Hamm attended F - 86 gunnery school at Williams Air Force Base , Arizona . In February 1958 he transferred to Nellis Air Force Base , for gunnery training in F - 100s . He served tours at Toul - Rosieres Air Base , France , and Hahn Air Base , West Germany , where he flew F - 100 s . He later served with the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell as a forward air controller . From 1964 to 1966 , General Hamm was a member of the Air Force air demonstration squadron , the Thunderbirds , at Nellis Air Force Base . He served several tours of duty during the Vietnam War , and as a flight commander in the 416th Tactical Fighter Squadron , Bien Hoa Air Base , Republic of Vietnam , he flew 103 combat missions . His command assignments have included commander , 8th Tactical Fighter Wing ( Wolf Pack ) , Kunsan Air Base , South Korea and commander , 33rd Tactical Fighter Wing , Eglin Air Force Base , Florida . He served staff tours at Tactical Air Command , Headquarters , United States Air Force , and served as defense attache to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from 1981 to 1983 . He assumed the position of Superintendent at the Academy in June 1987 . The general retired on July 1 , 1991 . Awards and decorations . His military awards and decorations include the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal , Defense Superior Service Medal , Legion of Merit , Distinguished Flying Cross , Bronze Star , Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster , Air Medal with four oak leaf clusters , Air Force Commendation Medal and Combat Readiness Medal . The general is a command pilot with more than 4 , 000 flying hours .
Operation White Star Operation White Star ( also known as Project White Star ) was the code name for a United States military advisory mission to Laos during the first years of the Second Indochina War , which would eventually become known in the United States as the Vietnam War . The purpose was to train the Royal Laotian Army as well as indigenous Hmong , and Yao tribesmen to fight the Pathet Lao communist insurgency . This was later extended to include combat against the North Vietnamese Army , which was increasingly using Laos as a staging , transit and resupply area for its operations in South Vietnam . White Star began in 1959 as " Operation Hotfoot " with the deployment of 107 United States Army Special Forces soldiers ( Green Berets ) of the 77th Special Forces Group — later named the 7th SFG in May 1960 — under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Arthur D . " Bull " Simons . Because Laos was ostensibly a neutral party to the conflict between the United States and North Vietnam , the soldiers did not wear United States Army uniforms . In 1961 , however , the United States lent full and open support to the Vientiane government and the program was renamed " Operation White Star " with U . S . soldiers openly wearing their uniforms . Operation White Star formally ended in July 1962 when Laotian neutrality was officially established . Counterinsurgency efforts were then managed covertly by the Central Intelligence Agency .
António Lavradio Luís de Almeida Soares de Portugal , Marquis of Lavradio , governor of the colony of Brazil , born in Lisbon , Portugal 27 June 1729 ; died in Porto , Portugal 2 March 1790 . He entered the Portuguese navy in 1747 , and served in South America . In 1760 he became governor - general of Brazil , and during his administration of twenty years he greatly improved the colony . He developed the culture of indigo and rice , and introduced the first coffee - trees into the colony . He also endeavored to civilize the Indians instead of persecuting them like most of his predecessors , and founded villages in countries where formerly no European had dared to travel . Under his administration Brazil grew rich and prosperous . He first conceived the idea of making the culture of the Ipecacuanha meaning “ sick making plant ” - Ipecac Syrup of ipecac tree a source of profit to the colony and had thousands of them planted , thus opening to Brazil a new branch of trade . He also did much to ameliorate the condition of the poorer classes and to check the insolence of the aristocracy toward the people . Alfonso de Varnhagen , in his " Historia geral do Brazil " , praises him as a benefactor of the colony , and his name has been given recently ( circa 1892 ) to one of the principal streets of Rio Janeiro . In 1781 he was relieved of his command in Brazil and appointed vice - admiral . In 1782 he commanded the Portuguese fleet in South America , and in the following year became president of the admiralty and privy councillor of the king , which post he held till his death .
Thielman ' s Independent Cavalry Battalion Thielman ' s Independent Cavalry Battalion ( Illinois ) was a cavalry battalion that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . Thielman ' s Battalion was amalgamated from Thielman ' s and Marx ' s Independent Cavalry Companies at Smithland , Kentucky on December 9 , 1861 . The battalion was amalgamated with the 16th Illinois Cavalry as Companies " A " and " B " but did not join the main body of the regiment until January 1864 .