naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
21 cm Kanone 38 The 21 cm Kanone 38 ( 21 cm K 38 ) was a heavy gun used by Germany in World War II . Its development began in 1938 after Krupp ' s success with the 21 cm Mrs 18 , but it was not fielded until 1941 . It likely equipped " Artillerie - Abteilungen 767 " and " 768 " , which were the only " Heer " battalions to field 21 cm guns during the war . Some guns may have served on coastal defence duties as well . Design and history . It was generally similar in design to Krupp ' s 21 cm Mrs 18 , but had an improved carriage that sped up emplacement and displacement times . It was transported in the customary two loads – barrel and carriage , although the carriage rode on two limbers . Each end of the carriage had inclined under - surfaces that rode on the limbers . When winched apart or together those inclined surfaces allowed the carriage to easily raise out of or lower into position . It fired from a central platform stabilized by three jacks which allowed all - around traverse . Only eight were produced before the " Heer " decided 21 cm was an unsuitable caliber and canceled the remaining seven guns under contract . One gun was sent to Japan by submarine . Ammunition . The gun fired a 21 cm " K Gr 38 " HE shell . It used three individual bags of propellant in the cartridge case ; they were not combined . The " light load ( Kleine Ladung ) " weighed and propelled the shell at . The " medium load ( Mittlere Ladung ) " weighed and gave a muzzle velocity of . The " big load ( Grosse Ladung ) " weighed and yielded a muzzle velocity of .
Battle of Fehrbellin ( 1758 ) The Battle of Fehrbellin was a battle at Fehrbellin of the Seven Years ' War between Swedish and Prussian forces fought on September 28 , 1758 . The Prussian forces under General Carl Heinrich von Wedel were attempting to stop the Swedish offensive into Brandenburg . The Swedish forces held the town , with one gun at each of the three gates . The Prussians arrived first and managed to break through at the western ( " Mühlenthor " ) gate , driving the outnumbered Swedes in disarray through the streets . However , reinforcements arrived , and the Prussians , who had failed to burn the bridge , were forced to retreat .
San Giorgio - class amphibious assault ship Three " San Giorgio " class amphibious assault ship s were built by Fincantieri for the Marina Militare Italiana . These ships can lift a battalion of troops , and up to 36 armoured vehicles . The stern floodable dock can accommodate three landing craft and the flight deck has three landing spots . San Giusto is normally employed as a training ship . The ships are based at the Brindisi naval base on the Adriatic coast . Replacement class . The two oldest vessels of this class are scheduled for replacement . The Italian navy has received the go - ahead to procure two 20 , 000 - ton 190 meters ( 623 ft . ) long amphibious assault ships ( Landing Helicopter Dock ) , with the possibility of a third ship , configured with extensive aviation facilities ( Landing Helicopter Assault ) .
Ōe no Hiromoto Ōe no Hiromoto ( 大江 広元 ) ( 1148 – 1225 ) was a " kuge " ( court noble ) and vassal of Japan ' s Kamakura shogunate , and contributed to establishing the shogunate ' s governmental structure . A great - grandson of the famous scholar Ōe no Masafusa , he was born to Ōe no Koremitsu and adopted by Nakahara Hirosue but later returned to the Ōe family in 1216 . There is another theory that Hiromoto was born to Fujiwara no Mitsuyoshi . As a minor noble , he originally served at the Imperial Court in Kyoto . In 1184 he was invited to Kamakura by Minamoto no Yoritomo , who later founded the Kamakura shogunate . He became the first head ( " bettō " ) of the new Kumonjo ( Board of Public Documents ) in the same year and then of the Mandokoro ( Administrative Board ) in 1191 . On Hiromoto ' s advice , Yoritomo appointed " jitō " and " shugo " in 1185 , which helped to strengthen shogunal control over the provinces . In 1190 Ōe followed Yoritomo to Kyoto and remained there to negotiate with the imperial court until 1192 . After Yoritomo ' s death , Ōe won the trust of his widow , Hōjō Masako , and assisted in the Hōjō clan ' s seizure of power . He was involved in several important events in the shogunate . In 1199 real power was moved from second shogun Minamoto no Yoriie to the council of influential " gokenin " . In 1203 the shogun was arrested along with his supporter Hiki Yoshikazu . Hiromoto also helped the Hōjō clan crush enemies as Hatakeyama Shigetada , Hiraga Asamasa and Wada Yoshimori . In the Jōkyū War he insisted on making a sudden attack to Kyoto and contributed to the shogunate ' s overwhelming victory . He died after backing up Hōjō Yasutoki ' s succession . His fourth son founded the Mōri clan .
Pulwar A pulwar ( also spelled pulouar ) is a single handed curved sword from Afghanistan and Pakistan . It is the traditional sword of the Pashtun people . Characteristics . Taking many features from the swords of neighboring lands , a pulwar might be described as " an Afghani talwar " . Most existing pulwar date back to the early 19th century . Pulwar blades tend to be more elaborately fuller ed than those of the talwar . Some pulwar hilts were fitted to Persian blades which are slimmer and more curved and tapered towards the tip than the more typical robust pulwar blades . The hilt is characterized by two quillons which are short and turned to point in the direction of the blade in the manner of some shamshir and saif . The pommel of the hilt exhibits a cup - shape . Often both hilt and blade can be ornately engraved with inscriptions , designs , and images , such as a largely stylised phallus decoration .
David H . Helms David H . Helms ( 1838 – 1921 ) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22 , 1863 . Helms joined the army from Indiana in August 1862 , and was discharged in June 1865 . Union assault . On May 22 , 1863 , General Ulysses S . Grant ordered an assault on the Confederate heights at Vicksburg , Mississippi . The plan called for a storming party of volunteers to build a bridge across a moat and plant scaling ladders against the enemy embankment in advance of the main attack . The volunteers knew the odds were against survival and the mission was called , in nineteenth century vernacular , a " forlorn hope " . Only single men were accepted as volunteers and even then , twice as many men as needed came forward and were turned away . The assault began in the early morning following a naval bombardment . The Union soldiers came under enemy fire immediately and were pinned down in the ditch they were to cross . Despite repeated attacks by the main Union body , the men of the forlorn hope were unable to retreat until nightfall . Of the 150 men in the storming party , nearly half were killed . Seventy - nine of the survivors were awarded the Medal of Honor . Medal of Honor citation . “ For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863 . ”
William North William North ( 1755January 3 , 1836 ) was an American soldier and politician . Life . He was the son of John North , who commanded Fort Frederick in 1751 , and Fort St . George in Thomaston , Maine , in 1758 . He moved with his mother , Elizabeth North , to Boston , Massachusetts . He entered the Continental Army in 1775 , and served under Benedict Arnold in the unfortunate expedition to Canada in that year . He was appointed in May 1777 as captain in Henry Jackson ' s 16th Massachusetts Regiment , with which he participated in the Battle of Monmouth . In 1779 he became aide - de - camp to Baron Steuben , whom he greatly aided in introducing his system of discipline in the Continental Army . Later he accompanied Steuben to Virginia , and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis . Historian William Benemann believes that North was romantically involved with Steuben and another male companion , Captain Benjamin Walker . However , based on the limited historical record , Benemann said his research is not entirely conclusive , writing that " it is impossible to prove the nature of the relationships . " He was appointed by Act of Congress a Major in the 2d United States Regiment on October 20 , 1786 . After the war he settled in Duanesburg , New York , where he married Mary Duane , daughter of James Duane , on October 14 , 1787 , and had six children . The General William North House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 . He was a member of the New York State Assembly from Albany County in 1792 , 1794 and 1795 , from Albany and Schenectady Counties in 1796 , and from Schenectady County in 1810 . He was Speaker in 1795 , 1796 and 1810 . North was appointed as a Federalist to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Sloss Hobart and served from May 5 , 1798 , to August 17 , 1798 , when James Watson was elected and qualified to succeed . He was appointed adjutant general of the United States Army with the rank of brigadier general on July 19 , 1798 , but was mustered out on June 10 , 1800 , as tensions with France diminished . In March 1812 , he was again appointed adjutant - general of the Army , but declined . He was a member of the first Erie Canal Commission , from 1810 to 1816 . The bulk of Baron Steuben ' s property was bequeathed to General North , who divided it among his military companions . General North was a member of the Society of the Cincinnati . He died in New York City , and was buried in the crypt under the Christ Episcopal Church in Duanesburg .
64th Infantry Division Catanzaro The 64th Infantry Division Catanzaro was an Infantry Division of the Italian Army during World War II . The " Catanzaro " Division was sent to Libya in October 1939 , and took part in the Italian invasion of Egypt in September 1940 . It was destroyed in the British counter offensive ( Operation Compass ) at Buq Buq in December 1940 . Libya . The Italian invasion of Egypt started in September 1940 , with the objective of capturing the Suez Canal , but after the capture of Sidi Barrani on 16 September , the Italian Army formed a defensive line composed of big outposts separated by wide desert areas . On the nights of 7 December and 8 December 1940 the British Western Desert Force under the command of Major - General Richard O ' Connor and comprising British 7th Armoured Division and Indian 4th Infantry Division reinforced by British 16th Infantry Brigade advanced a total of to their start positions for the attack . On 9 December , the disposition of the forward Italian fortified positions were as follows : The 1 Libyan Division Sibelle was located at Maktila . The 2 Libyan Division Pescatori was located at Tummar . The " Maletti Group " was located at Nibiewa . The 4 " 3 January " Blackshirt Division and the Headquarters for the " Libyan Corps " were at Sidi Barrani . The 63 Infantry Division Cirene and the Headquarters for the XXI Corps were located at Sofafi . The " Catanzaro " were located at Buq Buq . " By the 11 December Buq Buq had been cleared of all opposition and many men and guns had been captured and the " Catanzaro " Division had been destroyed .
Herbert George Herbert John George ( 1893 – 19 April 1939 ) was a Welsh chemist and a lecturer at the University of Oxford . Biography . George was educated at Cardiff High School and spent one session at University College , Cardiff before matriculating at Jesus College , Oxford in 1911 as a science scholar . He obtained a first - class degree in Natural Sciences in 1914 . At the outbreak of the First World War , he enlisted in the Royal Welch Fusiliers , reaching the rank of lieutenant and seeing service at Gallipoli , where he was wounded . His health suffered further when posted to Mesopotamia , and he was invalided home . He then worked in the explosives department of the Ministry of Munitions , and gained first - hand knowledge of modern methods for manufacturing heavy chemicals . He was appointed by Jesus College as a Research Fellow and Lecturer in Chemistry in 1919 , later becoming an Official Fellow and Tutor . He also held the college offices of Librarian , Junior Bursar and Senior Bursar . Within the university , he took charge of colloid chemistry and was appointed by Oxford University as one of its representatives on Oxford City Council . He was regarded as an authority on teaching science in schools , and was a member of committees in Wales and in Oxford controlling school examinations . His time for published work was limited by his other commitments , but he wrote on the absorption of gases on glass surfaces , on the theory of strong electrolytes and other subjects . He died on 19 April 1939 at the age of 46 .
Simpson Barracks Simpson Barracks is an Australian Army facility in the suburb of Yallambie in Melbourne , Victoria , Australia . Simpson Barracks is home to the DFSS ( Defence Force School of Signals ) , Financial Services Unit , Defence Force School of Music , Land Warfare Centre and the headquarters of 4th Brigade . It also has depots for 4th / 19th Prince of Wales ' s Light Horse Regiment and 108th Signals Squadron . It also is the main workshop for 105 Field Workshop ( RAEME ) . It also houses the Victorian Headquarters for the Australian Army Cadets , and 39 Army Cadet Unit Watsonia . The Simpson Barracks Post Office opened on 31 March 1987 replacing the Macleod office open since 1923 , and was closed in 1996 . A Watsonia Military Post Office was open from 1942 until 1946 and a Watsonia Camp office was open from 1948 until 1952 . The Royal Australian Army Corps of Signals Museum and Royal Australian Army Pay Corps Museum are located at Simpson Barracks .
Ajax - class ironclad The " Ajax " class of battleships consisted of two ships , and serving in the Victorian era Royal Navy . They were ironclad ships , armed with turret - mounted main armament . The Board of Admiralty have a historical tradition of attempting to follow a successful ship with a smaller and cheaper version . This policy , based on financial considerations , has seldom if ever been successful . Just as was followed by , and as was followed by , so was followed by " Ajax " and " Agamemnon " . These two ships were built to the same concept as " Inflexible " - a heavily armoured citadel carrying four heavy guns mounted ' en echelon ' in turrets to achieve all - round fire - but were required to be of lighter draught , and to displace 3 , 000 tons less . It was therefore necessary to arm them with guns of 12 . 5 inch calibre , as against 16 inch in " Inflexible " , and to accept a maximum speed of nearly two knots less . Also , unlike the " Inflexible " , these ships were dependent upon the integrity of their unarmoured ends to maintain buoyancy ; should the ends have been damaged enough to become waterlogged , the ships would have sunk . This class were the last ships in the Royal Navy to be armed with muzzle - loading rifles , and the first to carry any form of secondary armament . They were designed from the start not to carry any form of sailing rig .
Bangaram - class patrol vessel The " Bangaram class " patrol vessels of the Indian Navy are designed for interdiction against fast moving surface vessels and for search - and - rescue operations in coastal areas and in the exclusive economic zone . They are named after Bangaram in Lakshadweep . The vessels are designed and built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers . The diesel generators on board are supplied by Cummins India . The electronic equipment on board is from Bharat Electronics Limited , ECIL and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited .
9th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 9th Minnesota Regiment Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War . Service . The 9th Minnesota was recruited into Federal service at Camp Release , Hutchinson , Glencoe , Fort Ridgely , Fort Snelling and St . Peter , Minnesota , between August 15 and October 31 , 1862 . It was mustered out on August 24 , 1865 . Casualties . The 9th Minnesota Infantry suffered 6 officers and 41 enlisted men killed in action or who later died of their wounds , plus another 3 officers and 224 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 274 fatalities . See also . List of Minnesota Civil War Units
Charles Sorley Charles Hamilton Sorley ( 19 May 1895 – 13 October 1915 ) was a British poet of World War I . Born in Aberdeen , Scotland , he was the son of William Ritchie Sorley . He was educated , like Siegfried Sassoon , at Marlborough College ( 1908 – 13 ) . At Marlborough College Sorley ' s favourite pursuit was cross - country running in the rain , a theme evident in many of his pre - war poems , including " Rain " and " The Song of the Ungirt Runners " . In keeping with his strict Protestant upbringing , Sorley had strong views on right and wrong , and on two occasions volunteered to be punished for breaking school rules . Before taking up a scholarship to study at University College , Oxford , Sorley spent a little more than six months in Germany from January to July in 1914 , three months of which were at Schwerin studying the language and local culture . Then he enrolled at the University of Jena , and studied there up to the outbreak of World War I . After Britain declared war on Germany , Sorley was detained for an afternoon in Trier , but released on the same day and told to leave the country . He returned to England and volunteered for military service , joining the Suffolk Regiment . He arrived at the Western Front in France as a lieutenant in May 1915 , and quickly rose to the rank of captain at the age of twenty . Sorley was killed in action near Hulluch , where he was shot in the head by a sniper at the Battle of Loos on 13 October 1915 . Robert Graves , a contemporary of Sorley ' s , described him in his book " Goodbye to All That " as " one of the three poets of importance killed during the war " . ( The other two were Isaac Rosenberg and Wilfred Owen . ) Sorley may be seen as a forerunner of Sassoon and Owen , and his unsentimental style stands in direct contrast to that of Rupert Brooke . Sorley ' s last poem was recovered from his kit after his death , and includes some of his most famous lines : Sorley ' s sole work was published posthumously in January 1916 and immediately became a critical success , with six editions printed that year . The last two stanzas of his poem " Expectans expectavi " were set to music in 1919 by Charles Wood ; this anthem for choir and organ quickly established itself in the standard repertoire of Anglican cathedrals and collegiate churches . Sorley is regarded by some , including the Poet Laureate John Masefield ( 1878 – 1967 ) , as the greatest loss of all the poets killed during the war . On 11 November 1985 , Sorley was among 16 Great War poets commemorated on a slate stone unveiled in Westminster Abbey ' s Poet ' s Corner . The inscription on the stone was written by Wilfred Owen . It reads : " My subject is War , and the pity of War . The Poetry is in the pity . "
Embraer EMB - 314 Super Tucano The EMB - 314 or AT - 29 Super Tucano is a Brazilian attack aircraft used also by Colombia , Great Britain , Egypt and even the United States . Description . The Embraer 314 , first appeared in the light as the Emb - 312H in the early ' 90s , it was essentially a larger version of the coach Embraer 312 ( Tucano ) . Although it looks very much like the trainer aircraft that preceded it , the 314 is ia very different plane , which stands out for its size . The Super Tucano is longer and taller than its predecessor , due to the need to accommodate a more powerful engine , which allows for more power and greater speeds . And thus making it more appropriate to the tasks for which it was designed . The ALX is a militarized version of the EMB - 314 that corresponds to a specification of the Brazilian Air Force for a light attack aircraft that could be integrated and used in conjunction with radars Sivam ( Amazon Surveillance System ) . The logical choice was the Tucano trainer aircraft , which was increased by about 37 cm in front and about a meter behind the cabin . Its structure has been greatly enhanced and the place of the pilot was protected with Kevlar fiber . The ALX was proposed for the JPATS program of the U . S . Air Force , but lost to the T - 6 Texan - 2 ( based on the Pilatus PC - 9 ) , and has the same engine but is however , less powerful than the ALX . The fact that the program ALX is relatively late and the final price of the aircraft , have been among the reasons for the choice of Pilatus . Finally , first ALX series saw the light of day on May 28 , 1999 . The EMB - 314 , will operate for many years in the Amazon and its characteristics make it an interesting possibility for the air forces of South America , where there are problems of narco - trafficking and terrorism , as in Colombia with the FARC . How advanced trainer , their characteristics , capabilities , and electronics , EMB - 314 / ALX is one of the best aircraft currently on the market . Operators . Brazil
Franziska Scanagatta Franziska Scanagatta ( also called Francesca Scanagatta ) was an Italian woman who disguised herself as a man in order to attend the Austria ' s Military Academy in 1794 . She received an ensign ' s commission in 1797 . She served during the French Revolution and was promoted to lieutenant in 1800 . In 1801 she left the army undiscovered and was granted the pension by Kaiser Franz II when he learned of her story .
Lewis Henry Little Lewis Henry Little ( March 19 , 1817 – September 19 , 1862 ) was a career United States Army officer and a Confederate brigadier general during the American Civil War . He served mainly in the Western Theater and was killed in action during the Battle of Iuka . Early life and career . Little was born in Baltimore , Maryland . He was a brother - in - law of Alexander E . Steen and son - in - law of Pitcairn Morrison . Little was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 5th U . S . Infantry in 1839 after graduating from West Point . He served in the Mexican War and was awarded a brevet promotion to captain for his service at the Battle of Monterrey in 1846 . He was promoted to captain in the regular army on August 20 , 1847 . American Civil War . Little resigned his commission as a U . S . Army officer on May 7 , 1861 . He helped Sterling Price train the Missouri volunteers that soon joined the Southern armies . He entered the Confederate service as an infantry captain on March 16 , 1861 , but soon was made an artillery major that same month . Little was promoted to colonel on May 18 and served Price as his Adjutant General in the Missouri State Guard . At the Battle of Pea Ridge on March 7 , 1862 , Little commanded the 1st Missouri Brigade in Price ' s division . In the thick of the first day ' s fighting near Elkhorn Tavern , he demonstrated competence and initiative . " During the course of the battle he gradually assumed more and more responsibility until he became the de facto commander of Price ' s division during the last hours that the Army of the West was on the field . " His appointment to brigadier general occurred on April 12 . Little came east of the Mississippi River with Maj . Gen . Earl Van Dorn ' s army and served under Gen . P . G . T . Beauregard at Corinth . There , he caught malaria and was in poor health for the few remaining months of his life . Even so , he was regarded as " a thorough soldier and an excellent disciplinarian . " At Corinth he was given command of the 1st Division in Price ' s Army of the West . His peers praised his division as well drilled and disciplined . He led his division at the Battle of Iuka on September 19 . At about 5 : 45 p . m . , while sitting on his horse behind the front line and next to Sterling Price , he was struck in the head by a bullet and killed instantly . He is buried in Green Mount Cemetery in Baltimore .