naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Louis Gustave le Doulcet , comte de Pontécoulant Louis Gustave le Doulcet , comte de Pontécoulant ( 17 November 1764 – 3 April 1853 ) was a French politician . He was the father of Louis Adolphe le Doulcet and Philippe Gustave le Doulcet . Biography . Early life and National Convention . Born in Caen on the 1764 , he began a military career with the " Compagnie Écossaise " of the " Garde du corps du Roi " in 1778 , becoming Lieutenant Colonel in 1791 . A moderate supporter of the French Revolution , he was elected to the National Convention for the " départment " of Calvados in 1792 , and became commissioner with the Army of the North during the French Revolutionary Wars . He voted for the imprisonment of King Louis XVI during the war , and his banishment after the peace . He then attached himself to the Girondist s , voting in favor of Jean - Paul Marat ' s prosecution , and was consequently declared an " enemy of the people " in August 1793 , being pursued by the Reign of Terror and taking refuge to Switzerland . In July , he had refused to defend his fellow Normand and Girondist Charlotte Corday , the assassin of Marat , who wrote him a letter of reproach on her way to the guillotine . Thermidor and Directory . He returned to the Thermidorian Convention on 8 March 1795 , and was noted for his moderation , especially after defending Prieur de la Marne and Jean - Baptiste Robert Lindet . President of the Convention in July 1795 , he was for some months a member of the . Doulcet was subsequently elected to the French Directory ' s Council of Five Hundred , but was suspected of Royalist sympathies , and had to spend some time in retirement between anti - monarchist coup of 18 Fructidor ( 4 September 1797 ) and the establishment of the Consulate ( the 18 Brumaire coup of 9 November 1799 ) . Empire and Restoration . Becoming senator of the First French Empire in 1805 , and count of the Empire in 1808 , he organized the national guard in Franche - Comté in 1811 , and the defence of the north - eastern frontier in 1813 . During the 1814 Bourbon Restoration , Louis XVIII made him a Peer of France , and although he received a similar honor from Napoleon during the Hundred Days , he remained in the upper house after the return of the king . He died in Paris , leaving memoirs and correspondence from which were extracted four volumes ( 1861 – 1865 ) of " Souvenirs historiques et parlementaires , 1764 - 1848 " .
Quartermaster general A quartermaster general is the staff officer in charge of supplies for a whole army . Germany . In the Imperial German Army , while a Quartiermeister was a non - commissioned officer in charge of supplies , a Generalquartiermeister did " not " deal with supplies , but with operational command . He was the most senior officer below an Army ' s Chief of Staff . For example , during the First World War , Erich Ludendorff was " Generalquartiermeister " to the German Second Army in August 1914 . With his expert knowledge of the plans for the assault on Liege , which he had helped to draw up , he was sent to supervise that assault and took personal charge when the brigade commander was killed . More famously , when Paul von Hindenburg was appointed Chief of the General Staff at the " Oberste Heeresleitung " ( OHL or " Supreme Army Command " ) in August 1916 , Ludendorff , who had been his Chief of Staff in the East , came with him . Ludendorff declined to be known as " Second Chief of the General Staff " and instead chose the title " First Quartermaster - General " - in which role he directed the operations of the German Armies and wielded power over German politics and industry . United Kingdom . In the United Kingdom , the Quartermaster - General to the Forces ( QMG ) is one of the most senior generals in the British Army . In modern use the QMG is the senior General Officer in the army holding a logistics appointment and is currently the Lieutenant General holding the post of Chief of Materiel ( Land ) ( CoM ( L ) ) within Defence Equipment & Support . The QMG sits upon the highest committee within the army , the Army Board . Historically each formation had a Deputy Quartermaster - General ( DQMG ) , Assistant Quartermaster - General ( AQMG ) or Deputy Assistant Quartermaster - General ( DAQMG ) , depending on its size . Sri Lanka . In the Sri Lanka , the Quarter Master General is a senior general in the Sri Lanka Army General Staff , who heads the Quarter Master General ' s Branch which is responsible for feeding , transport , movement and construction and maintenance with the Sri Lanka Army .
South Carolina Adjutant General The Adjutant General of South Carolina is head of the Military Department for that state , overseeing the South Carolina Army National Guard , the South Carolina Air National Guard , and the South Carolina State Guard . The office is the only adjutant general in the nation that is an elected position . Adjutants General are elected for four - year terms at the same times as the governor and other officials . The Adjutant General is the highest - ranking uniformed officer in the state , but is subordinate to the Governor . The current Adjutant General is Major General Robert E . Livingston Jr . .
Sagen Ishizuka Biography . He was born into a modest family of traditional doctors , and continued their tradition by going into medicine . Having little wealth , he ended up teaching himself basic techniques while working as a language teacher . By the age of 16 he had already learned the Dutch language , essential to study Western medicine in Japan ( he later also successfully mastered German , French and English ) . During the next seven years he taught himself anatomy , botany , chemistry , physics and astronomy . At the age of 24 , he enlisted in the army as Imperial Japanese trainee doctor . At 31 , he received the degree of military pharmacist and later of " military doctor . " He remained in the army for 22 years , retiring with the high degree of " chief military pharmacist . " This experience was very useful , since he was confronted in practice with all sorts of diseases and injuries ( he participated in the Satsuma Rebellion in 1877 and First Sino - Japanese War of 1894 ) . During his professional career he was disappointed by the western medical system and became gradually convinced that traditional medicine ( which often relied on prescribing a simple change of diet ) was more effective . He also suffered from eczema from childhood and chronic nephritis that conventional medicine could not heal . He developed a theory that the secret to health and healing was to strengthen the body from the inside from a balanced regime . The scheme was , however , almost the equivalent of the traditional Japanese diet ( a way of eating that had been ignoring the opening of Japan to the West , towards the 1870s ) . When he returned to civilian society , he opened a free clinic and began to practice exclusively using his method . With the support of leading figures ( members of the Japanese imperial family , consuls , and other relationships acquired thanks to his high military rank ) he quickly became successful . The demands increased so much that consultations had to be limited to 100 per day ; his popularity became such that he got mail with incomplete addresses such as " For the Anti - Doctor Doctor , Tokyo , " " Doctor Vegetables , Tokyo " or " Doctor Daikon , Tokyo " ( as he often prescribed daikon ) . In 1907 he created the association " Shokuyō " ( 食養 " Food for Health " ) to spread and perpetuate his method . Ishizuka ' s theory of health and nutrition . Ishizuka ’ s theory is based on the following principles : Ishizuka collected his studies in a work called " A Chemical Theory of Nutrition on Health and Longevity " , which was published in 1897 in Japan but has never been translated into any Western language .
Johnny Johnson ( British Army officer ) Anthony Percival Johnson DSO ( died 12 June 1944 ) , known as Johnny Johnson , was a British Army officer . Johnson was originally commissioned into the Suffolk Regiment in the 1930s . He was commanding officer of the 12th ( Yorkshire ) Parachute Battalion , British 6th Airborne Division , during the Battle of Normandy . He and his division parachuted into Normandy in the early morning of 6 June 1944 as part of Operation Tonga . The 12th Battalion formed a defensive line south of the bridge at Ranville . On 6 and 7 June , the battalion defended the bridgehead against attacks by the 21st Panzer Division moving north from Caen . Many casualties were caused by heavy fire from enemy machine guns , mortars , artillery , self - propelled guns , and tanks . For his leadership during this defensive stand , Johnson was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Order . In the afternoon of 12 June , Johnson was ordered to hastily prepare his battalion for an attack on the village of Bréville ( currently named Bréville - les - Monts ) . At 21 : 45 , the battalion assembled on the start line near Amfréville and an artillery barrage on enemy positions near Bréville began . Lieutenant Colonel Johnson was conferring with a group of senior officers when he was killed by a stray artillery round . Also wounded by the blast were Brigadier Hugh Kindersley and Colonel Reginald Parker of 6th Airlanding Brigade and Brigadier The Lord Lovat of 1 Special Service Brigade .
Barbara O . Barnwell Staff Sergeant Barbara Olive Barnwell , USMCR ( born c . 1928 ) , was the first female Marine to be awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal , which she was awarded on August 7 , 1953 for saving a fellow Marine from drowning in the Atlantic Ocean near Camp Lejeune in 1952 .
William R . Peck William Raine Peck ( January 31 , 1818 – January 22 , 1871 ) was a wealthy American plantation owner , politician , and soldier who served as a general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War . The final commander of the famed Louisiana Tigers , Peck was among the largest Civil War generals , standing 6 feet , 6 inches tall and weighing 330 pounds . Early life and career . Peck was born in rural Mossy Creek in Jefferson County , Tennessee . His family relocated to Louisiana in the 1840s . As a young adult , he bought a plantation across the Mississippi River from Vicksburg , Mississippi . He prospered and purchased additional land and farms , and eventually became one of the region ' s wealthiest citizens . He constructed a sprawling mansion , " The Mountain , " in Madison Parish not far from the village of Milliken ' s Bend . Peck represented Madison Parish for several years in the Louisiana State Legislature . A firebrand secessionist and advocate of states ' rights , Peck was a signatory to the Louisiana Ordinance of Secession in January 1861 . Civil War service . With the outbreak of the Civil War , Peck , despite his wealth and political connections , enlisted as a private in the 9th Louisiana Infantry on July 7 , 1861 . After training at Camp Moore in Louisiana , Peck and his fellow soldiers in the regiment were sent to Virginia , arriving too late for any significant participation in the First Battle of Manassas . Peck was commissioned as captain and then lieutenant colonel of the 9th Louisiana during the Gettysburg Campaign , and saw action at the Second Battle of Winchester in June and the Battle of Gettysburg in July , where he was involved in the twilight attack on Cemetery Hill . On October 8 , 1863 , Peck was promoted to colonel of the 9th Louisiana to succeed Leroy A . Stafford . He led the regiment in the battles of the Wilderness , Spotsylvania , and Cold Harbor in May and June 1864 during the Overland Campaign . Peck often led the brigade as the senior colonel , and his role in the July 1864 Battle of Monocacy drew praise from his division commander , Maj . Gen . John B . Gordon . He was wounded in the right thigh by a shell fragment at the Third Battle of Winchester in September . He did not return to the field until December . Peck was promoted to brigadier general on February 18 , 1865 . He was paroled in Vicksburg on June 6 of that year . Postbellum . Following the Civil War , Peck returned to his Louisiana plantation and resumed active management of the business . Plagued by poor health from his military service , he died six years after the war near Milliken ' s Bend , Louisiana , of congestive heart failure . He is buried in the family plot in the Old Methodist section of Westview Cemetery in Jefferson City , Tennessee .
Chinese reunification ( 1928 ) Chinese reunification ( 1928 ) , better known in Chinese history as the Northeast Flag Replacement ( ) , is a historical term that refers to Zhang Xueliang ' s announcement on December 29 , 1928 on replacing all banners of the Beiyang Government in Manchuria with the flag of the Nationalist Government , thus nominally uniting China under one state . Origin . In April 1928 , Chiang Kai - shek was reinstated as commander of the National Revolutionary Army , the position he previously resigned to take responsibility for splitting the KMT during the First Northern Expedition . He proceeded with the Second Northern Expedition and was approaching Peking near the end of May . The Beiyang Government in Peking was forced to dissolve as a result , in which Zhang Zuolin abandoned Peking to return to Manchuria , and was assassinated in the Huanggutun by the Japanese Kwantung Army . Manchuria remained held by the Fengtian clique however , still hanging the banner of the Beiyang Government . The ultimate objective of the Northern Expedition was not fully accomplished . Process . Immediately after the death of Zhang Zuolin , Zhang Xueliang returned to Shenyang to succeed his father ' s position . On July 1 , Zhang Xueliang announced an armistice with the National Revolutionary Army and proclaimed that he would not interfere with the re - unification . The Japanese were dissatisfied with the move and demanded Zhang carry out the independence of Manchuria . Zhang Xueliang denied the Japanese demand and proceeded on with unification matters . On July 3 , Chiang Kai - shek arrived in Beijing and met the representative from the Fengtian clique to discuss a peaceful settlement . This negotiation reflected the scramble between the United States and Japan on her sphere of influence in China because the United States supported Chiang Kai - shek unifying Manchuria . With the pressure from the United States and Britain , Japan was diplomatically isolated on this issue . On December 29 , Zhang Xueliang announced the replacement of all flags in Manchuria and accepted the jurisdiction of the Nationalist Government . Two days later , the Nationalist Government appointed Zhang as the commander of the Northeast Army . China was symbolically reunified at this point .
Martim Afonso de Sousa Martim Afonso de Sousa ( c . 1500 – 21 July 1571 ) was a Portuguese " fidalgo " , explorer and colonial administrator . Born in Vila Viçosa , he was commander of the first official Portuguese expedition into mainland of the colony of Brazil . Threatened by the presence of French and Dutch ships along the coast of Brazil , the Portuguese crown in December 1530 sent a fleet with 400 people led by Martim Afonso de Sousa to establish control and explore . His mission was to place Portuguese markers as far south as the River Plate estuary , but he was shipwrecked there . Upon return to São Vicente and Santos ( today South America ' s busiest port ) , in 1532 he led troops guided by the native inhabitants and by earlier Portuguese settlers such as João Ramalho up the Serra do Mar mountains to the area near the future village of São Paulo ( today South America ' s largest city ) . On the high plateau , he founded the town of Santo André , today an industrial suburb of São Paulo . He also established a sugar mill near the coast at São Vicente , with sugarcane brought from the Portuguese Cape Verde islands . In both activities , Afonso de Sousa established a pattern followed by Portuguese colonizers and Brazilians for long afterward : the " entradas " and " bandeiras " – or explorations and raids into the interior – and the production of sugar along the coast for export . Sousa was the first Royal Governor of Brazil . He settled in the north - east region of the modern country . Afonso de Sousa also acquired Diu , in India for Portugal in 1535 . From 1542 to 1545 he was governor of Portuguese India . He died in Lisbon in 1571 .
Extraction ( military ) In military tactics , extraction ( also exfiltration or exfil ) , is the process of removing personnel when it is considered imperative that they be immediately relocated out of a hostile environment and taken to a secure area . There are primarily two kinds of extraction : An example of a hostile extraction was the capture of the German Nazi war criminal , Adolf Eichmann , by Israel ' s Mossad agents on May 11 , 1960 and was forcibly transported to Israel for trial . An example of a friendly extraction was the joint U . S . Central Intelligence Agency - Canadian government operation to smuggle six fugitive American diplomatic personnel out of revolutionary Iran in 1980 in an operation later known as the Canadian Caper . Another notable exfiltration is Operation Entebbe in 1976 , when Israeli forces raided Entebbe Airport in Uganda to rescue 102 hostages .
NAOTS NAOTS ( Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station ) was a United States Navy base located at , near Chincoteague , VA , that was used as a suborbital launch site . In 1955 , research rockets of the Rockair type were launched from F2H - 2 planes based there . An altitude of 54 , 864 m ( 180 , 000 ft ) was reached with a 70mm ( 2 . 75 - in . ) folded - fin aerial rocket ( FFAR ) of Korean vintage . In spite of successful tests , the rockair concept never achieved the popularity of the rockoon . Apparently no important scientific rocket research was carried out with rockaires , in contrast to the hundreds of rockoons fired during the 1950s . In 1959 , NASA acquired NAOTS and parts of the station were incorporated into the Wallops Island facility , later named Wallops Flight Facility .
Siege of Metz ( 1870 ) The Siege of Metz lasting from 19 August – 27 October 1870 was fought during the Franco - Prussian War and ended in a decisive Prussian victory . History . After being defeated at the Battle of Gravelotte , Marshal Bazaine retreated into the defenses of Metz . There he was besieged by the Prussian Second Army led by Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia on 19 August . The French attempted to break the siege first at Noiseville and again at Bellevue but were repulsed each time . Although no call for help was made , the French Army of Châlons under the command of Marshal Mac - Mahon was nevertheless ordered to reinforce Bazaine . Marching to Metz , the Army of Châlons was trapped and destroyed at the Battle of Sedan . Bazaine was forced to surrender his entire army on 27 October 1870 because of starvation , without this , there is high chance that the French would have won the battle . Prince Friedrich Karl and the Prussian Second Army were now free to move against the French force in the Loire River area . The siege is commemorated by the " Siegesmarsch von Metz " which uses parts of the " Die Wacht am Rhein " . One notable figure present on the Prussian side was the prominent philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche , who served as a medical attendant . Nietzsche contracted both diphtheria and dysentery during the siege , worsening his already poor state of health .
War Finance Corporation The War Finance Corporation was a government corporation in the United States created to give financial support to industries essential for World War I , and to banking institutions that aided such industries . It continued to give support to various efforts during the interwar period . The corporation was created by a Congressional act of April 5 , 1918 , and abolished on July 1 , 1939 . Since government borrowing to pay for the war had attracted a majority of private capital , little capital was available for corporations to borrow ; the War Finance Corporation was designed to make such capital available . After the armistice in late 1918 , the Corporation assisted in the transition to peacetime by financing railroads under government control , and making loans to American exporters and agricultural cooperative marketing associations . The Corporation established agricultural loan agencies in farming areas , and cooperated with several livestock loan companies . Eugene Meyer , Jr . , a wealthy and ambitious capitalist , Wall Street Banker , was its managing director .
Frenchelon Frenchelon is the nickname given to French signal intelligence system in reference to its Anglo - American counterpart ECHELON . History . Its existence has never been officially acknowledged by French authorities , although numerous journalists , based on military information have mentioned it , since the European Parliament investigated ECHELON and also its implications in counter - terrorism . Operations . The system is allegedly operated by DGSE , whose Direction Technique ( Technical Direction ) is responsible for signal intelligence . The largest station is in Domme , near Sarlat in Périgord . Some of the other stations in France are : Alluets - Feucherolles ( Alluets - le - Roi ) , Mutzig , Mont Valérien , Plateau d ' Albion , Agde , Solenzara ( South Corsica ) , and Filley Barracks in Nice . There are some other stations in overseas territories and former colonies These stations , in addition to the DGSE headquarters on boulevard Mortier in Paris , intercept electronic communications , decipher using software coded communications of diplomatic , military or industrial origin . It shouldn ' t be confused with the French Army ' s official listening system Emeraude , which used to be mistakenly confused with Frenchelon .
German submarine U - 768 German submarine " U - 768 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the German Kriegsmarine during World War II . Under the command of Oblt . Johann Buttjer she was commissioned on 14 October 1943 , and was sunk in a collision with " U - 745 " on 20 November 1943 .
1st Panzer Division ( Bundeswehr ) The 1st Panzer Division ( German : " 1 . Panzerdivision " ) is an armoured division of the German Army . It also bears the designation Intervention Force Division ( " Division Eingreifkräfte " ) . Its staff is based at Hanover . In the course of the current reorganisation of the Bundeswehr it will become the backbone of Germany ' s newly formed intervention forces which will have a manpower of 35 , 000 soldiers in total . This division is equipped and trained for high intensity combat operations against militarily organized enemies as well as peacekeeping missions . The majority of all German troops assigned to EU - Battlegroups and Nato Response Forces will come from this division . It also represents Germany ' s permanent contribution to the binational I . German / Dutch Corps . Intervention Force Division / 1st Panzer Division is Germany ' s last full - scale conventional division . History . This division was formed on July 1 , 1956 , the day of the official inauguration of the Bundeswehr . It was the first fully operational unit of the new German Army . At first referred to as 1st Grenadier Division , it was reorganized in the 1980s and made fully armoured in 1981 . During this period it was part of I Corps of the Bundeswehr Heer , in turn part of NATO ' s Northern Army Group , Allied Forces Central Europe . 1st Panzer Division has deployed to the Balkans , Afghanistan and to several peacekeeping operations . Troops of this division were also deployed to the support of civilian agencies during large natural disaster s such as the Hamburg Floods of 1962 , disastrous wild fires in Northern Germany in the 1970s and the 2002 Floods in Eastern Germany . The division cultivates a partnership with the United States Army 28th Infantry Division .