naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Urho Lehtovaara Urho Sakari Lehtovaara was born on 27 October 1917 in Pyhäjärvi , northern Finland and died on 15 January 1949 . He was to become one of the top scoring Finnish Air Force aces and he was awarded the Mannerheim Cross on 9 July 1944 . Biography . Resident in Salo by 1934 , Lehtovaara became a member of the local aero club . Lehtovaara volunteered for military service with the Air Force in 1937 . He remained in service as an NCO with LeLv 26 flying Bristol Bulldog biplanes . LeLv 26 re - equipped with the Morane - Saulnier MS - 406 fighter in late January 1940 and a new squadron , LeLv 28 was created , Sgt . Lehtovaara transferred to the new unit , and based on Lake Pyhäjärvi near Turku . On 2 March 1940 Lehtovaara intercepted and shot down a SB - 2 bomber , his first victory , and his only claim during the Winter War . He was promoted to Sergeant on 23 March 1940 . He intercepted three DB - 3 ' s on 3 July 1941 near Ilomantsi , and shot down two and damaged the third . On 9 July he shot down two more SB - 2 ' s and a MiG - 1 . LeLv 28 was transferred to Eastern Carelia in late 1941 . During 1942 there were few encounters with Soviet aircraft and Lehtovaara claimed one victory during the year ( a DB - 3 ) . He flew numorous " train - busting " attacks on the Soviet supply trains using the Murmansk railway . Sergeant Major Lehtovaara was transferred to the newly formed LeLv 34 in April 1943 , flying the Messerschmitt Bf 109 G - 2 . On 26 April 1944 he was promoted to the rank of Air Master Sergeant - the highest NCO rank . He was awarded the Mannerheim Cross on 9 July 1944 . Lehtovaara would eventually fly over 400 missions , scoring 44½ victories . He retired from the Finnish Air Force in 1946 and started to run his own cinema at Suomusjärvi near Salo . Lehtovaara died in very sinister conditions . He had been arrested by Valpo and interrogated of the Weapons Cache Case . He attacked one of his interrogators , grabbed his pistol and committed suicide so that his interrogators would get no information of him .
130th Rescue Squadron The 130th Rescue Squadron ( 130 RQS ) is a unit of the California Air National Guard 129th Rescue Wing located at Moffett Federal Airfield , Mountain View , California . The 130th is equipped with the HC - 130P Hercules Combat Shadow . Overview . The 130th flies four HC - 130P Hercules transports , a version of the C - 130 specially modified for Special Operations missions and modified for probe - and - drogue aerial refueling and combat search - and - rescue missions . These aircraft extend the range of the wing ’ s HH - 60G Pave Hawk helicopters with an air refueling capability . Established on 1 October 2003 by the Air Force Special Operations Command as part of a re - organization of Air National Guard rescue units which created separate squadrons for fixed - wing , helicopter and pararescue elements of the 129th Rescue Squadron . All three squadrons are assigned to the 129th Operations Group . The HH - 60 helicopter flight became 129th Rescue Squadron ; the HC - 130P Hercules flight become the 130th Rescue Squadron , and the pararescue flight became the 131st Rescue Squadron . Operations . When in a theater of combat , squadron members operate at the direction of the overall theater combatant commander and the theater ' s commander of air forces . In these situations , the 130th is primarily assigned to conduct personnel recovery operations — rescuing downed airmen or other isolated personnel from enemy territory , for example . In addition to combat search - and - rescue missions like these , the 130th may also conduct collateral missions : noncombatant evacuation operations , inter - and intra - theater airlift , and support of special operations forces , for example . Back at home , the 130th Rescue Squadron furnishes trained personnel to respond to state emergencies , such as natural disasters , and to assist civil authorities in the enforcement of the law . Other 130th missions include non - combat search and rescue ( SAR ) , emergency aeromedical evacuations , humanitarian relief , international aid , counter - drug activities , and support for NASA flight operations . The 130th RQS has been assigned to support Operation Iraqi Freedom ( Iraq ) and Operation Enduring Freedom ( Afghanistan ) in support of the Global War on Terrorism .
Frederick George Topham Frederick George Topham , VC ( August 10 , 1917 – May 31 , 1974 ) was a Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Plaque . The Ontario Heritage Foundation , erected a plaque at the Etobicoke Civic Centre in 1980 commemorating Corporal Frederick George Topham , V . C . ( 1917 – 74 ) . Born in Toronto , Topham was educated here before working in the mines at Kirkland Lake . He enlisted on August 3 , 1942 , and served at home and abroad as a medical orderly . On March 24 , 1945 , while serving with the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion , he defied heavy enemy fire to treat casualties sustained in a parachute drop east of the Rhine , near Wesel . Rejecting treatment for his own severe face wound , he continued to rescue the injured for six hours . While returning to his company , he saved three occupants of a burning carrier which was in danger of exploding . For these exceptional deeds , Topham was awarded the Victoria Cross , the highest decoration for valour in the British Commonwealth . Details . He was 27 years old , and a corporal ( medical orderly ) in the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion , Canadian Army during the Second World War when the following deeds took place for which he was awarded the VC : Post - War . Topham ' s heroism was acknowledged publicly with a parade and civic reception in Toronto on August 8 , 1945 ; one hundred members of the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion served as a guard of honour . After the war , Topham took little part in military affairs . On November 10 , 1945 he laid the cornerstone of the new Sunnybrook Memorial Hospital for Veterans . Topham served briefly as a Constable with the Toronto Police Department before moving onto a career with Toronto Hydro . Topham died on May 31 , 1974 from a heart attack , and is buried at Sanctuary Park Cemetery , Etobicoke , Canada . Legacy . Topham ' s medals were on loan to the Canadian War Museum , but were not permanently on display . His widow declared in her will that the medals should be sold . The Corporal Fred Topham , VC Fundraising Project was formed by members of the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion Association and The Queen ' s Own Rifles of Canada to retain the medal in Canada . Topham ' s medals were eventually acquired from his family for $ 300 , 000 after a large fundraising campaign . On March 24 , 2005 , on the 60th anniversary of Corporal Topham ' s VC action , the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion Association presented Topham ' s medals to the Canadian War Museum , where they will be on permanent display . Canadian National War Museum in Ottawa
USS Cardinal ( AM - 67 ) USS " Cardinal " ( AM - 67 ) was a in the United States Navy during World War II . The ship was laid down on 20 April 1937 by Bath Iron Works , Bath , Maine , as the " Jeanne D ' Arc " for F . J . O ' Hara and Sons , Inc . of Boston , Massachusetts . Launched on 21 August 1937 , the ship was delivered on 23 October 1937 . Renamed " Cardinal " on 14 August 1940 , she was acquired by the Navy on 19 August 1940 . Commissioned in ordinary on 28 August 1940 , and converted to a Minesweeper at the Norfolk Navy Yard , she was commissioned in full as USS " Cardinal " ( AM - 67 ) on 2 November 1940 , Lieutenant J . E . Smith , Jr . , in command . Conversion was completed by 22 April 1941 . East Coast operations . " Cardinal " served in the 5th Naval District for four years , patrolling and sweeping coastal waters from Norfolk , Virginia to Cape May , New Jersey . Decommissioning . She was decommissioned at Norfolk , Virginia on 8 September 1944 and struck from the Navy List on 23 September 1944 . Transferred to the War Shipping Administration for disposal on 29 August 1945 . Fate unknown .
Zhou Fohai Zhou Fohai ( ; May 29 , 1897 – February 28 , 1948 ) , Chinese politician , and second in command of Wang Jingwei ' s collaborationist Nanjing Nationalist Government Executive Yuan . Biography . Zhou was born in Hunan Province in the Empire of China , where his father was an official in the Qing Dynasty administration . After the Xinhai Revolution , he was sent to Japan for studies , attending the No . 7 Military Preparatory School ( the predecessor of Kagoshima University ) , followed by Kyoto Imperial University . During his stay in Japan , he became attracted to Marxism , and on his return to China , became one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party . He attended the First Congress in Shanghai in July 1921 , but quit the Communist Party in 1924 to join the Kuomintang . He was assigned as a secretary to the Public Relations Department of the central government , but maintained strong ties with the party ’ s leftist clique , headed by Wang Jingwei and Liao Zhongkai . He strongly opposed Chiang Kai - shek ’ s Northern Expedition and Chiang Kai - shek ’ s conduct of the Second Sino - Japanese War . After Wang Jingwei broke ranks with the Kuomintang and established the collaborationist Nanjing Nationalist Government , Zhou soon followed . Within the new government , Zhou became the Minister of Finance , Treasury , Foreign Affairs and had control over part of the army . He was also police minister , treasurer and mayor of Shanghai after Chen Gongbo . At the end of World War II , Zhou was captured and taken to Chongqing where he remained in custody for nearly a year . He was then sent to Nanjing in Jiangsu Province where he stood trial for treason due to his wartime roles . He was sentenced to death but this was commuted to life imprisonment by Chiang Kai - shek , after his wife had interceded for him . He suffered from heart and stomach problems while in prison and died on February 28 , 1948 , aged 50 .
HMAS Hawkesbury ( K363 ) HMAS " Hawkesbury " ( K363 / F363 ) was a of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . " Hawkesbury " saw action during World War II . She entered service with the RAN in mid - 1944 and was decommissioned in 1955 . Construction . " Hawkesbury " was laid down by Mort ' s Dock & Engineering Company in Sydney on 24 August 1942 . She was launched on 24 July 1943 , and commissioned into the RAN in Sydney on 5 July 1944 . Operational history . World War II . After conducting trials off the Australian east coast she proceeded to New Guinea to undertake convoy escort duties . She escorted convoys in the South West Pacific Area until December when she returned to Brisbane . " Hawkesbury " began her second operational deployment in January 1945 , and conducted escort duties in New Guinea and Philippine waters until mid - April . On 27 April , she formed part of the escort for the convoy that landed Australian troops at Tarakan on 1 May . " Hawkesbury " provided fire support for the landing force until 7 May . After another period of escort duties , " Hawkesbury " took part in the Australian Brunei Bay landings in Borneo in June . In July she spent a period collecting intelligence in the Maluku Islands and established lighthouses with to open a route between Darwin and Morotai . She returned to Sydney in July for a short refit . The frigate received three battle honour s for her wartime service : " Pacific 1944 – 45 " , " New Guinea 1944 " , and " Borneo 1945 " . Post - war . Following the surrender of Japan , " Hawkesbury " escorted the repatriation transport " Duntroon " to Singapore in August . After escorting the transport to Darwin she took part in the Japanese surrender ceremony at Koepang , Timor on 3 October . " Hawkesbury " operated in the eastern Netherlands East Indies until mid - November when she returned to Sydney . She received a four month refit at Melbourne and operated off the Australian east coast until 31 May 1947 , when she paid off to reserve . After five years in reserve , " Hawkesbury " was recommissioned on 14 May 1952 . From late July she conducted operations in support of the British atomic bomb test in the Montebello Islands off Western Australia . She returned to Sydney in January 1953 . For the next two years she undertook routine patrols and training exercises off the Australian and New Guinean coasts , completing two patrols of Australian waters in the South - West Pacific area . Fate . HMAS " Hawkesbury " paid off to reserve for a second time on 14 February 1955 . She was declared for disposal in early 1961 without having been recommissioned , and was sold for scrapping in September 1961 .
VMSB - 342 Marine Scout Bombing Squadron 342 ( VMSB - 342 ) was a dive bomber squadron in the United States Marine Corps . The squadron , also known as the “ Bats from Hell ” , was active during World War II but never saw combat in the Pacific Theater . They were decommissioned on October 10 , 1944 . History . Marine Scout Bombing Squadron 342 was commissioned on July 1 , 1943 at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point , North Carolina . In April 1944 they transferred to Marine Corps Auxiliary Airfield Atlantic . Some of the squadron ' s pilots would go for follow on training to Boca Chica Key , Florida at the site of what today is Naval Air Station Key West . In August 1944 , the squadron again transferred , this time to Marine Corps Air Station Newport , Arkansas where they remained until they were decommissioned on October 10 , 1944 .
Pierre Watier Pierre Watier or Pierre Wathier ( 4 September 1770 – 3 February 1846 ) , was a French general of division during the First French Empire under Napoleon . He served in the cavalry during his entire career . After his exploits at Austerlitz he was promoted to general officer . He fought in the War of the Fourth Coalition and the Peninsular War and later led heavy cavalry divisions at Borodino and Waterloo . Born at Laon , Aisne , Watier is one of 660 personalities to have their names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe in Paris , the city where he died . WATHIER appears on Column 12 .
Corps Léger d ' Intervention The Corps Léger d ' Intervention ( CLI ) ( French for " light intervention corps " ) was a Pacific War interarm corps of the Far East French Expeditionary Forces commanded by Général de corps d ' armée Roger Blaizot and using guerrilla warfare against the Imperial Japanese Army who occupied French Indochina since 1941 . It was created by General Charles de Gaulle in 1943 and modeled after the British Chindits Special Forces who fought in the Burma Campaign . History . Creation . The CLI was created on November 4 , 1943 in Jijel , Kabylie ( French Algeria ) with 500 volunteer commandos under Lieutenant - Colonel Paul Huard . Its purpose was to reinforce the resistance in Japanese occupied French Indochina . Local resistance was led by General Mordant ( a . k . a . Narcisse ) who came from mainland France in 1941 . SOE introduction . While the commandos trained in Jijel , Commandant de Crevècoeur arrived at Meerut , North West India on November 10 , 1943 to introduce the CLI to British Special Operations Executive ( SOE ) Force 136 ' s Colin Hercules Mackenzie . The first CLI trainees were sent to Poona ( 100 km from Bombay ) for jungle warfare instruction under the British . Composition . On March 15 , 1944 the French Indochina guerrillas numbered 1 , 349 ( 993 locals and 356 Europeans ) including 242 in Laos ( 195 locals and 47 Europeans ) . Following victory day in Europe , 60 SOE Jedburgh members of the French intelligence agency DGER were transferred to Force 136 ' s " French Indochina Country Section " ( " Section Indochine Française " ) . Training . Lieutenant - Colonel Albert Lacroix , Saint - Cyr 1930 - 32 Joseph Joffre promotion , was in charge of CLI recruitment and training as Chief of staff in French Algeria . He later returned to French Indochina leading " Commando Léger N°1 " ( " light commando n . 1 " ) in operations .
Battle of Santa Cruz ( 1899 ) " For the WWII battle of the same name see : Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands " This Battle of Santa Cruz was a battle fought in the early stages of the Philippine - American War during General Henry W . Lawton ' s . Background . After defeating the Filipino nationalists at the second battle of Manila , General Elwell S . Otis , commander of the US VIII Corps , sent the 1st Division under Arthur MacArthur to the north to threaten the Filipino capitol at Malolos . At the same time , the 2nd Division under Henry W . Lawton was sent south into the Laguna province , to the Filipino stronghold located in the town of Santa Cruz . Landings . On April 8 , 1899 , Lawton ' s division boarded a small fleet on the Pasig River east of Manila and sailed towards Laguna de Bay . The flotilla did not reach the opposite shore of the lake because the pilots were unfamiliar with the river and frequently grounded the boats . At 10 : 30 a . m . on April 9 , landing craft began offloading Lawton ' s troops south of the stronghold of Santa Cruz . Ashore in the afternoon of April 9 , the troops set out for Santa Cruz in a long skirmish line , advancing through driving rain . At 5 : 45 p . m . , the right flank encountered a defense complex of entrenchments and bamboo obstructions , through which they advanced slowly against resistance . After darkness fell , the troops camped in the fields . Advance on Santa Cruz . Early on April 10 , General Lawton personally went ashore and , after cutting the telegraph line into Santa Cruz , advanced the U . S . troops along the main road leading into the town . The road was lightly guarded until the approach to a bridge just outside of the town , which was heavily guarded by the Filipinos . Lawton ordered a charge and a regular battalion supported by Idaho and Washington volunteers routed the local force . In the meantime , the remaining U . S . forces which had not gone ashore the night before were landing under enemy fire just north of the town . These forces drove off the Filipinos on the beach while the gunboats from the U . S . flotilla made short work of the Filipino navy guarding Santa Cruz . That same day , Lawton took control of Santa Cruz as the local units withdrew to Pagsanjan . While Gen . Lawton consolidated his forces in Santa Cruz , he planned to push on to Pagsanjan where he figured the Filipinos had retreated . After capturing Pagsanjan on April 11 , he again defeated the Filipinos in a stiff engagement at the Battle of Paete . Withdrawal . On April 16 , Lawton ' s forces reboarded their transport ships and returned to Manila . Results and aftermath . Overall , the results of the Santa Cruz expedition amounted to the capture of six launches and the deaths of some 125 Filipino soldiers . After the expedition , Aguinaldo ordered forces an Cavite , Batangas , and Laguna to concentrate at Muntinlupa , tying up manpower south of Manila which might otherwise have gone north . The expedition demonstrated that towns on Laguna de Bay were vulnerable to raiders , forcing local officials to keep their military forces close to home in case of defensive need .
Richard Bolt ( RNZAF officer ) Air Marshal Sir Richard Bruce Bolt ( born 16 July 1923 ) , was a World War II bomber pilot and a senior Royal New Zealand Air Force officer in the post - War years . He was Chief of the Air Staff from 1974 to 1976 and Chief of the New Zealand Defence Staff from 1976 to 1980 when he retired from the military . Bolt was educated at Nelson College from 1936 to 1939 . His father was the pioneering New Zealand aviator George Bolt . During World War II , Bolt served with the Pathfinder Force , flying the Lancaster Bomber . After the War , Bolt held two different squadron commands as the Commanding Officer of No . 40 Squadron RNZAF , the Commanding Officer of No . 24 ( Commonwealth ) Squadron RAF . Honours and awards . In the Birthday Honours 1959 the then Sqdn . Leader Bolt was awarded the Air Force Cross . In the New Year Honours 1977 Bolt was appointed a Companion of The Most Honourable Order of the Bath . In May 1973 Bolt was appointed as Commander of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire . and later elevated to Knight Commander of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire .
Thomas Kenny ( VC ) Thomas Kenny VC ( 4 April 1882 – 29 November 1948 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy given to British and Commonwealth forces . On 4 November 1915 near La Houssoie , France , 33 year - old Kenny performed an act of bravery for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross . Biography . He was a private in the 13th Battalion , The Durham Light Infantry , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . " in thick mist , an officer in charge of a patrol was shot through both thighs . Private Kenny , although repeatedly fired on by the enemy , crawled about for more than an hour with his wounded officer on his back , trying to find his way through the fog to the British trenches . He refused to leave the officer although told several times to do so , and at last , utterly exhausted , left him in a comparatively safe ditch and went for help . He found a rescue party and guided them to the wounded officer who was then brought to safety . " The officer Lt . Philip Brown later died of his wounds held privately by his grandson