naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Campo de Provas Brigadeiro Velloso Campo de Provas Brigadeiro Velloso – CPBV ( ) is a large complex of the Brazilian Armed Forces located in Serra do Cachimbo ( ) , in the southern part of Pará , Brazil . The complex includes the Cachimbo Airport operated by the Brazilian Air Force . Since January 17 , 1995 the complex is named after Haroldo Coimbra Velloso ( 1920 – 1969 ) , a military , politician and responsible for the development of the complex . History . Campo de Provas Brigadeiro Velloso has an area of 21 , 588 km and perimeter of 653 km . It is within the limits of four municipalities : Altamira , Itaituba , Jacareacanga , and Novo Progresso , in an area comparable in size to the Brazilian state of Sergipe . The complex has its origins on an airfield opened on September 3 , 1950 . With the end of World War II , the Brazilian government saw the need to a strategic support facility for the operation of aircraft flying between the Northern Region ( location of the Amazon Rainforest ) and the Southeast Region of Brazil ( location of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo ) , flying on a straight route . Before the construction of the airfield the link was only possible to be operated with safety following the longer coastline route . The airfield was officially commissioned on January 20 , 1954 . In the 1970s studies were made in order to upgrade the facility to a Center for Testing Weapons and Training of the Brazilian Armed Forces with the purpose of development of weapons , bomb tests , experiments , training and maneuvers of national interest . Indeed , on March 7 , 1983 , the " Campo de Testes do Cachimbo " ( ) , subordinated to the Brazilian General Command for Aerospace Technology was created . On January 17 , 1995 the name of the complex was changed to Campo de Provas Brigadeiro - do - Ar Haroldo Coimbra Velloso , the commander who set the whole infra - structure of the complex . On July 30 , 1997 , the name was again changed to " Campo de Provas Brigadeiro Velloso " . On August 18 , 1979 a new renovated airfield was opened and given the name of Cachimbo Airport ( ) . On September 7 , 1990 , President Fernando Collor symbolically sealed an underground pit that was supposedly used for testing of nuclear weapons . The complex has several shooting exercises areas . Near the administration there are accommodation facilities for up to 240 military personnel . The complex has also a hospital for not only the military but also civilian population that lives in the area . The Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources also has a Research facility in the complex . Access . The administration center of the complex approximately 8 km from the highway BR - 163 . And the base is the intersection with the highway BR - 235 heads to the seaboard in Aracaju .
Lake Boga Flying Boat Base Lake Boga Flying Boat Base was a Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) flying boat base at Lake Boga , Victoria , Australia during World War II . When the Imperial Japanese attacked Darwin and Broome in 1942 resulting in the loss of 16 flying boat s , the establishment of a safe haven for flying boats was required inland as a remote facility outside the sphere of Japanese airplanes . Lake Boga was picked as it allowed almost unlimited choice of landing / take off directions and was free of obstructions . It was also close to nearby infrastructure . Required for Australian , Royal Netherlands East Indies Air Force and United States flying boat servicing and repairs , Lake Boga was commissioned in June 1942 . No . 1 Flying Boat Repair and Service Depot was set up to provide the repair and servicing requirements . Facilities constructed at the base included workshops and hangars on the foreshore , a stores area , living quarters , sick quarters at Castle Donnington , a first - aid and dental post , a radio transmitting station and a VHF transmitting station . Flying boats serviced , repaired , restored , rebuilt or overhauled during the operation of the base were PBY Catalina , Dornier Do 24 , OS2U Kingfisher , Short Sunderland , Supermarine Walrus and Martin Mariner . The station at Lake Boga closed in November 1947 . The underground Communications Bunker has been transformed into the Flying Boat Museum . Catalina ( A24 - 30 ) has been reconstructed as a memorial to the personnel who served at No 1 Flying Boat Repair Depot during World War II . The site is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register .
Operation Dawn - 4 Operation Valfajr - 4 ( Dawn 4 ) was an Iranian operation of the Iran - Iraq War launched in 1983 . At the end of the operation Iran had captured a small amount of territory from the Iraqis . Units of Iraq ' s First Army Corps spent two months in their trenches waiting for the Iranians to attack . The offensive came on 19 October 1983 as the Iranians and guerillas of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan took of territory . This included a number of Kurdish villages and exerted a significant amount of pressure on Penjwin . Saddam Hussein responded with a counterattack , using the Iraqi Republican Guard and poison gas . However , they failed to dislodge the Iranians , who were dug - in and reinforced by Kurdish fighters . The battle . The focus of the fourth Dawn operation in September 1983 was the northern sector in Iranian Kurdistan . Three Iranian regular divisions , the Revolutionary Guard , and Kurdistan Democratic Party ( KDP ) elements amassed in Marivan and Sardasht in a move to threaten the major Iraqi city Suleimaniyah . Iran ' s strategy was to press Kurdish tribes to occupy the Banjuin Valley , which was within 45 km ( 28 mi ) of Suleimaniyah and 140 km ( 87 mi ) from the oilfields of Kirkuk . To stem the tide , Iraq deployed Mi - 8 attack helicopters equipped with chemical weapons and executed 120 sorties against the Iranian force , which stopped them 15 km ( 9 . 3 mi ) into Iraqi territory . 5 , 000 Iranians and 2 , 500 Iraqis died . [ 73 ] Iran gained 110 km2 ( 42 sq mi ) of its territory back in the north , gained 15 km2 ( 5 . 8 sq mi ) of Iraqi land , and captured 1 , 800 Iraqi prisoners while Iraq abandoned large quantities of valuable weapons and war materiel in the field . Iraq responded to these losses by firing a series of SCUD - B missiles into the cities of Dezful , Masjid Suleiman , and Behbehan , while the Iraqi naval aircraft mined the port of Bandar Khomeini . Iran ' s use of artillery against Basra while the battles in the north raged created multiple fronts , which effectively confused and wore down Iraq . [ 73 ] Aftermath . The attack was successful but the Iranians suffered high casualties due to Iraqi gas attacks . Unlike other operations and battles of the Iran – Iraq War , environmental conditions and operative restrictions were of high significance for this operation . Also the military medicine organization of the Pasdaran was important in this battle ; they used special methods to save the wounded and carried out rescue operations . However , in response to this victory , Saddam Hussein launched the first Scud missiles into Iran , hitting six cities . Bibliography . http : / / smallwarsjournal . com / jrnl / art / the - “ dawn - of - victory ” - campaigns - to - the - “ final - push ” - part - three - of - three References . " The Longest War " , by Dilip Hiro , Routledge , Chapman , and Hall , Inc . 1991 ( pg . 102 ) .
HMS Canada ( 1765 ) HMS " Canada " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 17 September 1765 at Woolwich Dockyard . On 2 May 1781 , " Canada " engaged and captured the Spanish ship " Santa Leocadia " , of 34 guns . In 1782 , " Canada " was under the command of William Cornwallis , when she took part in the Battle of St . Kitts . Later that year she participated in the Battle of the Saintes . She took part in the Action of 6 November 1794 under Charles Powell Hamilton and managed to avoid capture . " Canada " became a prison ship from 1810 , and was broken up in 1834 .
Battle of Red Ford The Battle of Red Ford or Battle of the String of Lorne was a battle in 1294 between Clan Campbell and Clan MacDougall in Lorne , Scotland . The battle was fought over disputed lands . It ended in defeat of the Clan Campbell of Lochawe . The battle was on the borders of Loch Awe and Lorne , with the site and battle named " Red Ford " ( Scottish Gaelic : " Ath Dearg " ) after the ford which ran red with blood where the battle took place . Background . Clan MacDougall having allied itself with John Balliol in his a competitor for the Scottish crown , upon his coronation in 1292 , the chief of Clan MacDougall , Alasdair MacDubhgaill was rewarded by being appointed Sheriff of Argyll in 1293 . Having the influences of power , Clan MacDougall extended their influence and due to this , Clan Campbell and other Highland clans found themselves in dispute with Clan MacDougall . Battle . Although no exact details of the battle are at hand , a great many lives were lost on both sides and the ford ran red with blood of the fallen and the wounded . Cailean Mór Caimbeul ( Sir Colin Campbell ) was killed in battle . Aftermath . After the battle , Innis Chonnell Castle was seized by the MacDougalls . Sir Colin Campbell ' s body was carried to the church of St . Peter the Deacon at Kilchrenan and buried there .
Plan of San Diego The Plan of San Diego ( Spanish : " Plan de San Diego " ) was drafted by agents of Mexican president Venustiano Carranza , to start a race war in 1915 and overthrow the United States government in Texas , New Mexico , Arizona and California during the Mexican Revolution . The plan was to kill all the Anglo men , but it was discovered in early 1915 . However raids did begin in July and the insurgency was countered by Texas Rangers and the U . S . Army . The insurgency was suppressed after 30 raids from Mexico into Texas that destroying millions of property and killed 21 Americans . The raiders were Mexicans ( not Mexican Americans ) . Drafting the Plan . Supporters of Mexican President Venustiano Carranza , known as Seditionistas , drafted the plan in Monterrey , Mexico ( it was not drafted in San Diego or anywhere in the U . S . ) . It called for the recruitment of native Mexicans , and Mexican - Americans , to rebel against the U . S . and kill every Anglo male of sixteen and above . The same basic idea reappeared in Germany ' s Zimmermann Telegram of 1917 , which helped push the U . S . into war with Germany . The Plan called for an insurgent army to be named the " Liberating Army of Races and Peoples " ( " Ejército Liberador de las Razas y del Pueblo " ) . After killing the white population , a republic was to be created out of the American border states which would eventually be annexed to Mexico . Uprising . The uprising was to begin on February 20 , 1915 , but when one of the rebel leaders , Basilio Ramos , was arrested in McAllen , Texas , a written copy of the plan was found in his possession and the U . S . responded immediately by increasing troop strength on the border . Numbers of Texas Rangers also increased to one of their all time highs due to the tension . About 30 raids into the U . S . took place in 1915 - 16 , killing 21 Americans . Skirmishes between the Texas Rangers and Mexican raiders became common , though casualties remained light , as the rebels proved to be incapable of launching a full scale invasion and could only conduct guerilla warfare . Newspapers in Mexico celebrated the uprising , and Carranza representatives told Washington that if it recognized the Carranza government the raids would end . Washington recognized Carranza ' s government after it was able to occupy its own capital city in August , 1915 . The raids ended in October , 1915 . American reaction . However , many Texans feared the uprising was real , and formed vigilante posses that attacked anyone who was Mexican , armed , and suspicious . At least 100 Mexican Americans were killed in Texas . In March 1916 Pancho Villa raided Columbus , New Mexico , and the U . S . sent the main U . S . Army deep into Mexico to catch him . It never caught him , but the Mexican government responded by resuming raids northward . The crisis escalated to the verge of formal war , but was resolved by diplomacy . There is no doubt that President Carranza was the driving force behind the plan . Americans thought that German agents may have been involved , but no evidence of that has appeared .
USS Patapsco ( 1799 ) The first USS " Patapsco " was a sloop in the United States Navy . " Patapsco " was launched as " Chesapeake " 20 June 1799 by Captain De Rochbruns , and renamed " Patapsco " between 10 October and 14 November apparently to free the name for . Commanded by Captain Henry Geddes , she escorted brig " Acteon " to New Orleans , carrying General James Wilkinson and his staff to that port . She then cruised in the West Indies , protecting American shipping from French cruisers and privateers during the Quasi - War with France . Operating in Commodore Silas Talbot ’ s squadron , she captured schooner " Cecilia " after a five - hour chase 28 May 1800 . On 7 August she captured French letter of marque " Dorade " . In the autumn she also engaged " Louisa Bridge " but the schooner escaped . She aided and a British frigate in defeating a French invasion of Curaçao , in the Netherlands Antilles , before returning to Philadelphia in December . She was sold there in June 1801 .
General Dynamics F - 16XL The General Dynamics F - 16XL was a ground attack variant of the famous F - 16 Fighting Falcon , entered in a competition alongside the F - 15E Strike Eagle to be the new USAF light bomber , the F - 16XL lost to the F - 15E which became the new strike fighter of the EUA . The two F - 16XL prototypes built where trafered to the NASA , where they serve untl today . Description . The F - 16XL was first conceived in the eighties as a ground attack aircraft that would serve alongside the F - 16 Fighting Falcon . It was one of the aircraft submitted for the US goverbment ' s Enhanced Tactical Fighter program . For this task , two prototypes were built , F - 16XL1 & F - 16XL2 ( respectively , a one - seater and a two - seater . ) . However , the F - 16XL did not prevail at the end , and was defeated by the McDonnell Douglas F - 15E Strike Eagle The prototypes were originally built to test the practicality of composite wing skins and both first flew in 1982 , the single - seater first flying in July and the two - seater in October . After the prototypes completed their test programs , both were stored until one was delivered to NASA in 1989 , where the F - 16XL ’ s service designations would have been F - 16E ( single - seat ) and F - 16F ( two - seat ) . The large “ Cranked - Arrow ” double - delta wing , which identified the – XL from its brethren , had an impressive 6 hardpoints under each wing in addition to the 2 wingtip hardpoints and fuselage hardpoints . The “ Cranked - Arrow ” wing also allowed more fuel to be carried increasing the Falcon ’ s already good range and the increased lift allowed for a much shorter takeoff roll . The large delta wing design hindered maneuverability at low speeds , though at higher speeds the – XL could turn almost as fast as the F - 16C . Currently , both prototypes are in NASA service .
French destroyer Foudroyant ( 1929 ) The Foudroyant was an " Adroit " class destroyer of the French Navy . She was laid down on 28 July 1927 , launched on 24 April 1929 and commissioned on 10 October 1930 . She was sunk on 1 June 1940 off Dunkirk by German aircraft , whilst assisting in the Dunkirk evacuation .
No . 3 ( Coastal ) Operational Training Unit RAF No . 3 ( Coastal ) Operational Training Unit RAF ( 3 OTU ) was a training unit of Royal Air Force Coastal Command , operating from 27 November 1940 and disbanding 4 January 1944 , being absorbed into 6 OTU . History . The unit formed at RAF Chivenor training crews for various aircraft including Bristol Beaufort s , Avro Anson s , Vickers Wellington s and Armstrong Whitworth Whitley s . On 29 July 1941 the Whitleys and Wellingtons moved to RAF Cranwell and the Beaufort section became No . 5 Operational Training Unit RAF ( 5 OTU ) when it re - formed at Chivenor on 1 August 1941 . 3 OTU then moved to RAF Haverfordwest in Pembrokeshire where it was disbanded on 4 January 1944 and absorbed into No . 6 Operational Training Unit RAF ( 6 OTU ) . Airfields used . The main airfield for the unit was RAF Chivenor however a number of different airfields were also used .
HMS Phoenix ( N96 ) HMS " Phoenix " was a of the Royal Navy , launched in 1929 . She was the eighteenth warship of the Royal Navy to use the name " Phoenix " . She served on the China Station from her commissioning until the start of the Second World War . " Phoenix " was then relocated to the Mediterranean Sea and was sunk by the Italian torpedo boat " Albatros " on 16 July 1940 . Design . The " Parthian " class was designed as an improvement of the earlier ; the new class was larger , built with a raked stem , and given a shield to cover the 4 - inch gun . The class had a design flaw in that the riveted external fuel tanks leaked , leaving an oil trail on the surface . " Phoenix " was fitted with a four - cycle blast - injection eight - cylinder diesel engine , which provided ; submerged propulsion was provided by a electric motor . " Phoenix " was long with a breadth of and displaced of water while submerged . All submarines of the " Parthian " - class were outfitted with eight 21 - inch torpedo tubes , one QF 4 - inch ( 102 mm ) Mk XII deck gun , and two machine guns . The class was the first to be outfitted with the Mark VIII torpedo . " Phoenix " had six tubes in the bow and two tubes at the stern . Submarines of the " Parthian " class were designed for a complement of 53 officers and men . " Phoenix " had a crew of 56 . History . " Phoenix " was laid down at Cammell Laird shipyard in 1928 . The ship was the 18th in a series of British warships named after the mythical phoenix , and had the motto " Resurgam " ( Latin for " I will rise again " ) " Phoenix " was originally deployed on the China Station as part of the 4th submarine flotilla . Ships of the China Station were tasked with trade protection and were used as a symbol of British power . In later September 1935 , " Phoenix " , , , , and the depot ship were ordered to travel to the Mediterranean . While in the Mediterranean , the ships participated in naval exercises including the crash dive manoeuvre . Eight months later , the small group was ordered back to Hong Kong . In April 1940 , the flotilla , along with " Medway " , was ordered to the Mediterranean Sea to support naval operations there and the 1st submarine flotilla was established . Service in the Second World War . " Phoenix " was stationed in Alexandria and patrolled the Aegean Sea and waters around the Dodecanese from 14 June to July 1940 . In July 1940 , " Phoenix " , under the command of Lt Cdr Gilbert Hugh Nowell , and were given the task of screening a convoy of British ships bringing supplies from Malta to Alexandria . " Phoenix " made a contact report on 8 July after sighting the Italian battle fleet . Admiral Andrew Cunningham ordered his ships to cut off the Italian fleet from their base at Taranto , which led to the Battle of Calabria . " Phoenix " fired torpedoes at two Italian battleships , " Giulio Cesare " and " Conte di Cavour " , but missed both targets . While off the coast of Augusta , Sicily , " Phoenix " fired torpedoes at the Italian torpedo boat " Albatros " , but missed her . " Albatros " counter - attacked and sank " Phoenix " with depth charge s . All hands were lost .
Fort Trempealeau Fort Trempealeau was founded in 1685 by Nicholas Perrot and a groupe of Canadiens . In the fall of 1685 , Perrot and his men arrived at Mont Trempealeau by canoe . The Winnebagos called this mountain , " Hay - nee - ah - cheh " , or the mountain in the water . That is why Perrot called it in French , " la montagne qui trempe à l ' eau , " or Tremealeau mountain . There , Perrot and his men built a protective shelter in preparation for winter . Several weeks earlier they had left La Baye Green Bay and crossed Wisconsin via the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers to reach the Mississippi Valley . The purpose of this expedition was to establish alliances with the Ioway and Dakota Indians in order to expand French interests in the fur trade market . Although Perrot ' s venture was not the first French excursion into the upper Mississippi Valley , his was the first attempt to establish a foothold in this region . In the spring of 1686 the Trempealeau site was abandoned for a more advantageous location along Lake Pepin where Perrot built Fort Saint Antoine . Over the next thirty - five years French economic fortunes in the upper Mississippi Valley waxed and waned . It was not until 1731 , and the end of the Fox Indian wars , that the French under the command of René Godefroy , sieur de Linctot returned to Trempealeau and established another trading post .
Veliki Tabor Castle Veliki Tabor is a fortress and museum in northwest Croatia , dating from the 12th century . The castle gained its final appearance in the 16th century . Most of it was built by the Croatian noble family Rattkay , in whose ownership it remained till 1793 . It stands in the region of Zagorje near Desinić , west of Pregrada , above sea level . It has around . The castle is owned by the state , which manages it as a museum and a tourist site . The oldest part of the castle is the Five - Cornered Tower , built in the twelfth century . The other towers date from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries . The entrance complex was built around 1820 . The Croatian painter Oton Iveković owned the castle from 1927 to 1935 . The roof consists of twelve different materials . The castle interior has galleries with round pillars . There is a large well , deep , and a former wine cellar . The large hall is decorated with halberd s . The castle chapel on the first floor contains the skull of the legendary Veronika of Desinić . The collections in the exhibition spaces include old vehicles , ethnographic items , the first manufacture of medicines , swords and armor , paintings and pottery , as well as a presentation of the noble Ratkaj family which used to own the castle . Since 2002 , Veliki Tabor has been the venue of an international festival of short films . The castle has been undergoing renovations since 6 November 2008 , and has been closed to public since . The renovation works were finished in November 2011 .