naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
AIM - 68 Big Q The AIM - 68 is an American air - to - air missile design . It never entered production . Overview . The Big Q began life in 1963 as a replacement for the AIR - 2 Genie rocket . The Genie was unguided , and had generally poor flight performance characteristics . The Big Q was to be a much more capable weapon , intended to engage Soviet bombers . Big Q is actually a nickname only . The right to name the missile was given to the initial designer , 1st Lt John McMasters who chose the name of the Aztec serpent god Quetzalcoatl . This led to a tremendous number of pronunciation and spelling errors until finally virtually everybody associated with the project simply referred to it as Big Q for short . In 1965 the ZAIM - 68A designation was assigned to the missile . A 20 % model was successfully tested in a wind tunnel during that year and in June a contract was awarded to National Tapered Wing Engineering Company to produce 20 fuselage sections for prototype missiles . The AIM - 68 was designed with a dual - thrust solid - propellant rocket and was capable of reaching speeds of Mach 4 over its range . The prototypes were fitted with infrared guidance systems from GAR - 2A / B ( AIM - 4C / D ) Falcon missiles ; the rocket motor from the AGM - 12 Bullpup was used for propulsion . The warhead was a W30 0 . 5 kiloton nuclear warhead , smaller than the 1 . 5 kiloton model used on the Genie . The guidance system allowed the missile to be used against maneuvering targets , including single bombers , rather than whole formations as was the case for the Genie . The reduced yield and greater range also made using the weapon a far less hazardous prospect for the launching aircraft . Potential users of the Big Q included the F - 101 B , F - 102 A , F - 106 A , F - 4C . The size of the missile was dictated by these choices , as some of the aircraft carried weapons in an internal bay . As part of the effort to keep the size down , the missile was fitted with fold - out sections on the main wings . There have been attempts to reuse the - 68 designation ; notably the U . S . Navy wanted their new Standard Block V missile to be known as the RIM - 68A . This failed ( the designation RIM - 156A was used instead ) . In 1995 , the Navy tried to change it again — apparently wanting an operational missile to have a continuous run with the RIM - 66 Standard MR and RIM - 67 Standard ER designations . The request was refused again .
USS Gyatt ( DE - 550 ) USS " Gyatt " ( DE - 550 ) was a proposed World War II United States Navy " John C . Butler " - class destroyer escort that was never completed . Plans called for " Gyatt " to be built at the Boston Navy Yard at Boston , Massachusetts . The contract for her construction was cancelled in 1944 before construction could begin . The name " Gyatt " was reassigned to the destroyer USS " Gyatt " ( DD - 712 ) .
25th Infantry Brigade ( North Korea ) The 25th Infantry Brigade was a military formation of the Korean People ' s Army during the 20th Century . Formed in August at Chorwon , it had begun moving to Seoul on the day of the Inchon landing , with most of the unit arriving in the city on September 19 , 1950 . The brigade numbered about twenty - five hundred men and probably consisted of two infantry battalions , four heavy machine gun battalions , an engineer battalion , a 76 - mm . artillery battalion , a 120 - mm . mortar battalion , and miscellaneous service troops . Along with the 78th Independent Infantry Regiment , it defended both the military and topographic crests leading from Inchon to Seoul .
Soshangane Soshangane KaZikode ( born Soshangane Nxumalo ) was a commanding general of the Ndwandwe army under King Zwide KaLanga . Following the defeat of Zwide ' s army at the Battle of Mhlatuze River by King Shaka of the Zulu , Soshangane led a remnant of the army and of the Ndwandwe people northwards away from Shaka ' s Zulu hegemony . He carved out a Nguni empire of conquest known as the Gaza Empire ( or Gasa ) , named after his grandfather , which would later significantly expand to cover areas over present day southern Mozambique , parts of Mpumalanga and Limpopo in South Africa . The rise of the Gaza Kingdom was based primarily on military conquests , particularly the Ronga and Ndau peoples , who would be absorbed into the Nguni Gazan Kingdom . Soshangane then began a campaign to create a new language and culture named after himself known as IsiShangane . A punitive expedition sent by Shaka to liquidate his rival was easily defeated in 1828 , and Soshangane consolidated his empire . Soshangane ' s army overran the Portuguese settlements at Delagoa Bay , Inhambane and Sena , and he extracted tribute from the Europeans . After the death of Soshangane around 1856 , Soshangane ' s empire was embroiled in succession disputes between his sons Mzila and Mawewe . The final ruler Ngungunhane ( born Mdungazwe Nxumalo ) , was defeated by the once tributary Portuguese in 1895 , and the Nguni Gazan empire entered into decline . Soshangane is one of a number of outstanding figures that rose to prominence during the Mfecane .
Battle of Ostia The naval Battle of Ostia took place in 849 between some Saracen pirates and an Italian league of Papal , Neapolitan , Amalfitan and Gaetan ships . The battle ended in favor of the Italian league , as they beat off the pirates . It is one of the few events to occur in southern Italy during the ninth century that is still remembered today , largely for the walls named after Leo and for the Renaissance painting " Battaglia di Ostia " by Raphael . Background . Starting in 827 , Muslim forces had begun to conquer Sicily . In 846 , Saracens sacked Rome , raiding various basilicas , including Saint Peter ' s , for their treasures . Battle . News of a massing of Saracen ships off Sardinia reached Rome early in 849 . A Christian armada , commanded by Caesar , son of Sergius I of Naples , was assembled off recently refortified Ostia , and Pope Leo IV came out to bless it and offer a mass to the troops . After the pirate ships appeared , battle was joined with the Neapolitan galley s in the lead . Midway through the engagement , a storm divided the Muslims and the Christian ships managed to return to port . The Saracens , however , were scattered far and wide , with many ships lost and others sent ashore . When the storm died down , the remnants of the Arab fleet were easily picked off , with many prisoners taken . Aftermath . In the aftermath of the battle , much booty washed ashore and was pillaged by the locals , per " ius naufragii " . The prisoners taken in battle were sent to work in chain gang s building the Leonine Wall which was to encompass the Vatican Hill . Rome would never again be threatened by an Arab army .
VIII Brigade RAF The VIII Brigade or 8th Brigade of the Royal Flying Corps and from 1 April 1918 , Royal Air Force , was a bomber formation which carried out air raids against Germany in World War I . The VIII Brigade of the Royal Flying Corps was created on 28 December 1917 by raising the 41st Wing to Brigade status . The 41st Wing continued to exist as a subordinate formation of the VIII Brigade . The VIII Brigade ' s only Commander was Brigadier - General C L N Newall . Although the VIII Brigade had been established in December 1917 it did exercise command authority until 1 February 1918 when Newall took up command . The following month , on 1 April 1918 the VII Brigade was transferred to the Royal Air Force . With the British Government seeking to expand the bombing raids against Germany , the VIII Brigade itself was subsumed into a larger formation , becoming part of the Independent Air Force on 6 June 1918 . The Brigade was probably disbanded towards the end of 1918 after the Armistice .
Royal Air Force Boy Entrants The RAF Boy Entrant scheme ran from the mid 1930s to late 1965 where boys joined the RAF between the ages of 15 to 17 1 / 2 and then underwent training in various occupations ( or Trades ) which fitted them for employment in the Royal Air Force . Training was suspended during WWII but recommenced in May 1947 . Training was undertaken at a variety of RAF Stations including RAF Cosford , RAF Yatesbury , RAF Compton Bassett , RAF St Athan , RAF Hereford and RAF Locking . Training took 18 months and included not just the trade and basic training but also more general academic education . After their 18 months of training they then moved to regular RAF duty stations and commenced employment in the trade they had trained on . The Boy Entrants scheme provided training and a focus in life for boys that often had a poor education . In the early post WWII years , this education had probably been severely disrupted by the war itself . Thanks to the RAF ’ s experience with aptitude tests and the knowledge that lack of education did not mean lack of intelligence , the RAF was able to train suitable candidates in appropriate trades and created the backbone of the RAF ’ s technical services during the years dominated by transient National Servicemen . The Boy Entrant scheme ran alongside another Boys scheme called the RAF Apprentices who undertook 3 years training but run on similar lines . for a fuller and more extensive explanation . Square One Publications , Publisher References . Production Date 1993 Other than that little has been written about RAF Boys Service apart from articles / memories submitted on various web sites . Try Googling " RAF Boy Entrants " . Available from Lulu . com or Amazon . com What begins as a boyish adventure results in a 15 - year old boy ’ s fateful decision to commit himself fully to a course of military training that shapes the remainder of his life for the better . The author recalls his enlistment in the British Royal Air Force as a 15 - year old Boy Entrant . ISBN 1903953391 by Committee on Boy Entrants and Young Servicemen ( Author ) Publisher : Stationery Office Books ( Nov 1970 ) Language English ISBN 0101450907 ISBN 978 - 0101450904 Report in Hansard of a debate in the UK House of Commons on the 5th Feb 1968 concerning Boy Entrants and other youth entrants to the UK Armed Forces . http : / / hansard . millbanksystems . com / commons / 1968 / feb / 05 / armed - forces - boy - entrants - and 24 September 2009 A newly refurbished and extended exhibition dedicated to the RAF Boy Entrant Scheme has been unveiled at the RAF Museum Cosford http : / / www . rafmuseum . org . uk / cosford / news / article . cfm ? news _ id = 245
Cecil Lowther Major - General Sir ( Henry ) Cecil Lowther , KCMG , CB , CVO , DSO , FRGS ( 1 January 1869 – 1 November 1940 ) was a British general and Conservative politician , the fourth son of William Lowther . Born in Ampthill , Bedfordshire , a big - game hunter and adventurer , Lowther was elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society on 11 November 1901 . In 1912 , he published " From Pillar to Post " , an account of his travels . In October 1913 , on the eve of World War I , he commanded 1st Battalion Scots Guards until being wounded in November 1914 . He then commanded 1st ( Guards ) Brigade , which was broken up in August 1915 , and afterwards became Military Secretary at General Headquarters France . He was returned as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for UK Parliament constituency at a by - election in 1915 , but the constituency was abolished in 1918 . On 24 February 1916 he received the Légion d ' honneur , class of " Commandeur " , and in the Birthday Honours of 1918 he was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George . On 28 June 1920 , he married Dorothy Maude Isabel Harvey . In 1921 Lowther returned to Parliament as MP for UK Parliament constituency succeeding his brother James , who had held the seat since 1886 and been the Speaker since 1905 , became Viscount Ullswater , but lost the seat in the 1922 general election to the Liberal Levi Collison . He did not attempt to return to politics . In 1925 , he co - authored " The Scots Guards in the Great War , 1914 – 1918 " . He died in Basingstoke , Hampshire aged 71 . He had married late to a widow , Dorothy , Mrs Gordon Bois in 1920 . There were no children .
Mk 92 Guided Missile Fire Control System The Mk 92 Fire Control System is a US - built medium - range anti - aircraft missile and gun fire control system . It was developed for the Oliver Hazard Perry class guided missile frigates . The system is a licensed USN version of the Thales Nederland WM - 25 fire control system . The Mark 92 fire control system was approved for service use in 1975 . Introduction to the fleet and follow - on test and evaluation began in 1978 . Radar Systems . The Mk 92 system assigns targets via the ship ' s air search radar , and surface search radar or from the MK 92 ' s own search radar capabilities . The system has two or three radar sub - systems depending on the model . The first two are combined into a single system called the Combined Antenna System or CAS is used in all models . The CAS has a track while scan radar ( Search ) and a tracking radar both housed in an egg shaped randome . The radars can search for , track , and illuminate targets . There is also a third radar for target illumination referred to as the Separate Target Illumination Radar or STIR . The STIR is a radar developed from the AN / SPG - 60 radar that is part of the Mk 86 gun fire control system . STIR ( Separate Target Illumination Radar ) Deactivated . The USN retired the RIM - 66E , or Standard missile - 1 , from active service in 2003 . Oliver Hazard Perry frigates in USN service have had the STIR radar removed . The STIR radars are still in use on non - USN vessels .
William Purdon Major - General William Brooke Purdon DSO OBE MC ( 28 November 1881 – 1 December 1950 ) was an Irish soldier , physician and medical administrator . Towards the end of his life he was a representative of the Northern Ireland Government in London and for four years was an Honorary Surgeon to the King . In his youth Purdon was a rugby footballer of some note , representing several Irish clubs and was selected to play international rugby for Ireland on three occasions in 1906 . Personal career . William Purdon was born in Belfast in 1881 . He was educated at Royal Belfast Academical Institution and Methodist College Belfast before matriculating to Queen ' s College , Belfast where he studied medicine . He graduated as Bachelor of Medicine in 1906 and joined the Royal Army Medical Corps . In 1913 he took the Doctor of Public Health , and it was his specialisation in hygiene that he made his name after the war . During the First World War Purdon served the British Army with distinction . He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and the Military Cross and was mentioned in dispatches three times during the conflict . In 1923 he was made an Officers of the Order of the British Empire and an Officers of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem . From 1930 to 1934 he was Assistant Director of Hygiene at the War Office and from 1934 to 1935 he was Deputy Director Medical Services British Troops in Egypt . From 1935 to 1938 he was Professor of Hygiene at Royal Army Medical College and during the Second World War he was medical supervisor of Queen Mary ' s Hospital , Roehampton . From 1938 to 1941 he was Honorary Surgeon to King George VI . In 1940 he was awarded the post of Deputy Director Medical Services Western Command . After retiring from the British Army he took up the role of Agent in London of the Northern Ireland Government . Rugby career . Purdon first played rugby union as a schoolboy , before playing for the Queen ' s College team . It was while representing Queen ' s College that he was selected for the Ireland national team , playing all three games in the 1906 Home Nations Championship . His first match , played away to England , saw him score a try in a 16 - 6 victory . Although part of the losing Ireland team against Scotland in February , his final game home to Wales saw a win which gave Ireland the Championship title . The Wales game , which Ireland won 11 - 6 , saw the Irish team finish with just 13 men on the pitch , after Ernie Caddell broke his leg and Purdon was forced to withdraw with torn knee ligaments . As well as Queen ' s , Purdon also played for North of Ireland F . C . and Collegians and was selected for the Army rugby team . In 1949 , Purdon was made President of London Irish , a post he held until his death in 1950 .
USS LST - 900 USS " LST - 900 was an in the United States Navy during World War II . Late in her career , she was renamed Linn County " ( LST - 900 ) — after counties in Iowa , Kansas , Missouri , and Oregon — but saw no active service under that name . " LST - 900 " was laid down on 1 October 1944 at Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , by the Dravo Corp . ; launched on 9 December 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Felix R . Konkle ; and commissioned on 6 January 1945 , Lieutenant Neil A . McClaflin in command . After completing shakedown off Florida she loaded cargo at New Orleans and sailed for the west coast on 9 February . Arriving at San Francisco on 6 March , she departed 2 days later for Pearl Harbor where she arrived the 17th and began amphibious landing exercises . She cleared Hawaii 24 May ; steamed in convoy via Eniwetok , Guam , and Saipan ; and reached Okinawa , Ryukyus , 26 June . During the next 2 weeks she discharged cargo and ammunition at Okinawa and Kerama Retto , and , after embarking medical officers and corpsmen , sailed for the Marianas 10 July . She arrived Guam the 16th , thence steamed to Saipan to transport Seabees to the Ryukyus . She debarked her passengers at Ie Shima on 7 August and departed for Saipan 2 days before the end of hostilities . Between 3 and 9 September " LST - 900 " steamed from Saipan to Leyte Gulf , Philippines . On the 19th she reached Batangas , Luzon and after embarking Army engineers departed in convoy for Japan 29 September . She reached Tokyo Bay 17 October and discharged occupation troops at Yokohama the next day . On the 28th she departed for the Marianas where she embarked troops at Guam for transfer to the United States . Steaming via Pearl Harbor , she reached Seattle , Washington , 15 December . " LST - 900 " operated along the west coast during the next few months and decommissioned 15 May 1946 . While berthed in the Columbia River with ships of the Pacific Reserve Fleet , she was named Linn County on 1 July 1955 . " Linn County " was leased to the Republic of Korea on 2 December 1958 , stricken from the U . S . Naval Vessel Register on 8 February 1959 , and sold to Korea on 15 November 1974 . " LST - 900 " earned one battle star for World War II service . ROKS " Buk Han " . The ship was transferred to the Republic of Korea on 2 December 1958 , and renamed ROKS " Buk Han " ( LST - 815 ) . She was later redesignated LST - 678 . She retired on 29 Dec 2005 .
William D . Sullivan William D . Sullivan is a Vice Admiral in the U . S . Navy . He is the U . S . Military Representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization . Prior to his current position he served as Vice Director for Strategic Plans and Policy on the Joint Staff , and as Director to the U . S . Pacific Command for Strategy and Plans .
Fourth Cliff Military Reservation Fourth Cliff Military Reservation was a coastal defense site located in Scituate , Massachusetts . History . The Fourth Cliff Military Reservation was built on private land . It consisted of an early radar , fire control towers , and artillery batteries and today , a combination of three two and single bedroom recreation lodging facilities . The site today . It is a seaside recreation area located in Humarock ( Scituate ) on Massachusetts ' South Shore . Fourth Cliff is in a superb location , sitting high on a cliff at the end of a peninsula , overlooking the Atlantic Ocean on one side and the scenic North River on the other . The site today consists of various buildings , a bunker , two fire control towers , a recreation hall , four three bedroom cottages , eleven two bedroom chalets , two townhouses , four efficiency units , eleven RV sites , a pavilion and spaces for tent camping . It is now operated by Hanscom Air Force Base as a military recreation area . The site is open only to service members their families , guest and Department of Defense civilians . Hanscom Air Force Base
USS Fairfield ( 1828 ) USS " Fairfield " was a sloop - of - war in the United States Navy . " Fairfield " was launched 28 June 1828 by New York Navy Yard ; and first put to sea 20 August 1828 , Commander Foxhall A . Parker in command . Reaching Port Mahon in the Balearic Islands 25 September 1828 , " Fairfield " cruised the Mediterranean Sea until returning to Hampton Roads 5 May 1831 . Among her crewmembers was midshipman George W . Taylor , later an infantry general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Her second cruise , from 15 November 1831 to 23 July 1832 , was in the West Indies as flagship for Commodore Jesse Elliott . During much of this time she patrolled off the coast of Mexico to protect Americans and their property during political disturbances . On 30 May 1833 " Fairfield " sailed from New York for duty in the Pacific Squadron , arriving at Valparaiso , Chile , 25 September . During this cruise , she supervised the disarmament and dismantling of a group of ships belonging to an Ecuadorian revolutionary force after American mediation had ended a civil war . " Fairfield " sailed for Norfolk , Virginia 26 September 1835 , arriving in Hampton Roads 1 December . She lay in ordinary at Norfolk until 25 April 1837 , when she departed for the Brazil Station , the first 4 months of which her commanding officer Commodore Isaac Mayo was senior officer of the squadron . As a protector for American commerce and interests , she guarded against a blockade of Argentina set by French warships . Returning to New York 1 April 1840 , " Fairfield " was again in ordinary until 10 May 1841 , when she was recommissioned . She sailed to Hampton Roads , from which she took departure 28 July for the Mediterranean , carrying Commodore Charles W . Morgan to take command of the squadron based on Port Mahon . She served as his flagship from April to July 1842 while he conducted negotiations with the Emperor of Morocco to obtain redress for the arrest and detention of the United States Consul at Tangier . Samuel W . Downing is recorded 29 November 1844 as one of the last commanders of " Fairfield " serving with a crew of 16 other Marines . Ironically , Commander Downing was dismissed early in his career as a midshipman by Commodore Morgan who transferred him away from his command in 1814 , calling him " disagreeable " and " useless " . Fortunately , Captain John Cassin saw other qualities in Downing and mentored him to become a lieutenant , commander , and finally a captain in 1847 . " Fairfield " returned to Hampton Roads from this , her last cruise , 17 January 1845 , and on 3 February 1845 was decommissioned at Norfolk . Later that year she served briefly as receiving ship , then lay at Norfolk until 1852 , when she was broken up .
Max - Günther Schrank August Max - Günther Schrank ( 19 November 1898 - 22 September 1960 ) was German " Generalleutnant " who commanded the " 5 . Gebirgs - Division " in World War II . He was also a recipient of the " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes " for the Battle of Crete .