naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Dodge WC54 The Dodge WC54 Ton , supply catalog designation G502 , was a WC series 4×4 light truck developed during World War II . It served as the main ambulance used by the US army from 1942 to 1945 , with some used as late as 1953 during the Korean War by the U . S . Army Medical Corps , and others serving as late as the 1960s in the armies of some European countries . At times , several were also used by the US Signal Corps as radio vans . Design and production . The WC54 was designed to replace the WC9 , WC18 and the WC27 Truck , 1 / 2 ton , 4×4 Dodge Ambulance ( G505 ) . Based on the 3 / 4 Ton " Beep " Dodge chassis , it featured a longer wheelbase and adjusted suspension to make its ride softer . The closed sheet - metal body was made by Wayne Body works . It had room for a driver and four to seven patients plus a medic . If the fold - away bunk stretchers were used , four patients could be transported lying down . Because of its intended role , the WC54 featured a large matrix cab heater fitted on the firewall , providing comfort for patients and crew . It was fitted with a foldaway step to its rear to allow easier access for stretcher bearers and injured personnel . Early models featured a stuck out fuel filler cap which was changed to a recessed one in the later model , a modification that was retrofitted to some early model trucks . Between 1942 and 1945 , total production of the 3 / 4 ton WC - series T214 was 255 , 173 . Of these , 22 , 857 were ambulances . The vehicles were supplied under US government contracts W398 - QM - 11420 ( 850 examples ) , W398 - QM - 11422 ( 9945 examples ) , DAW398 - QM - 448 ( 16 examples ) , W398 - QM - 13596 ( 410 examples ) and W374 - ORD - 2864 ( 11 , 636 examples ) . Virtually unchanged throughout its life , apart from minor technical tweaks , it was later turned into a knockdown version , known as WC64 , to allow larger quantities to be shipped at the same time . Only 3 , 500 were made between the beginning of 1945 and the end of the war .
EMP 44 The EMP 44 is a prototype , all - metal submachine gun produced by Erma Werke in 1943 . It was rejected by the Heereswaffenamt . Design . The EMP 44 fires from an open bolt . The caliber is 9mm Luger Parabellum . The length of the gun is 892 – 950 mm depending on stock position . The barrel length is either 250 or 308 mm long . Its rate of fire is 500 rounds per minute and has sliding two 32 round MP 40 magazine wells . The practical range was 150 – 200 meters . The gun was crudely assembled with a stock made of pipes welded together . This was part of its design philosophy for the weapon was created in response to the requirements of the Primitiv - Waffen - Programm , more or less in an attempt to imitate the British Sten gun and to a lesser extent the PPSh - 41 . Ultimately , it ' s crude looking design was what made it to be rejected by the German army . The gun was probably designed in 1942 , with the sole exemplar known having serial number 15 , and having February 1943 as its manufacture date . One theory as to fate of the prototypes is that most were cannibalized for their dual feed mechanism which was then installed on MP40 / I . History . The wide use of submachine guns by the German armed forces in the Second World War led to a strong dependence on the industrial capacity of arms factories that brought out simplified designs at lower production costs . In 1944 , Erma , the main MP 40 producer submitted the EMP 44 . The receiver was produced out of welded steel tubing like the Sten . The flash suppressor was formed in the same manner as the Russian machine pistol PPS - 43 muzzle brake from stamped steel . The EMP 44 was rejected due to its failure to pass acceptance tests , but mainly because new weapons like the MP 44 / STG 44 were already produced with the goal to replace both the MP 40 and the Karabiner 98k . External links . For photographs see :
Shigekazu Shimazaki , was a Japanese career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service during World War II . Biography . Shimazaki was a native of Ōita Prefecture and a graduate of the 57th class of the Imperial Japanese Navy Academy in 1929 , ranking 31st of 122 cadets . He served his midshipman duty on the cruiser s and , after which , as a second lieutenant , transferred to the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service , enrolling in flight training in 1932 . By 1934 , he was serving as an instructor at Kasumigaura , Ibaraki in torpedo bomber piloting and techniques . From 1935 - 1937 , he alternated tours of duty as section commander on the aircraft carrier and ground training . With the start of the Second Sino Japanese War in 1937 , his group was deployed to the ground base in Shanghai , where he experienced a number of bombing missions as the war between Japan and China escalated . He was transferred to the carrier from March – December 1938 , returning to Yokosuka as an instructor . He returned to combat duty on the carrier from November 1939 - November 1940 , when he was promoted to lieutenant commander . In September 1941 , Shimazaki was assigned as equipping officer of the new carrier , responsible for forming its new air wing , with himself becoming its commander when the ship was ready for duty . Shimazaki is best known as the leader of the second wave of the air attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 . He was piloting a Nakajima B5N2 " Kate " and led the attack group of 54 high - level bombers and 78 dive bomber s . For this success he and Mitsuo Fuchida , the leader of the 1st wave of attack , were awarded with an audience with Emperor Shōwa at the Tokyo Imperial Palace on December 25 . Four months later , Shimazaki was again on board " Zuikaku " and participated in the raid on Trinkomalee on 9 April 1942 , during which he led 18 " Kates " and bombed the ground facilities of the port city of the British - ruled Ceylon . A month later , Shimazaki participated in the Battle of the Coral Sea , where he again scored a notable success when his torpedo bombers crippled the , which later sank . Previously , " Lexington " had already sunk carrier . In the morning of 7 May 1942 , his attack group took off " Zuikaku " in search of the US aircraft carriers . Although they did not find the carriers , they found the fleet oiler and its escort destroyer instead . Shimazaki immediately ordered his bombers to attack , sinking " Sims " and heavily damaging " Neosho " . In July 1942 , Shimazaki was transferred to Kure Naval District . He spent the rest of his career as a ground - based air officer . He was promoted to commander in October 1944 . Shimazaki was killed in action in January 1945 , near Taiwan , as a staff officer of the IJN 3rd Air Fleet . He was posthumously promoted two ranks to rear admiral .
Elaine Roe Second Lieutenant Elaine A . Roe was an officer in the United States Army during World War II . She was awarded the Silver Star for her actions during Operation Shingle . Action . Roe and her fellow nurses serving at the time - Mary Roberts , Rita Rourke , and Ellen Ainsworth - were the first women to be given the award . Her award citation reads : " The President of the United States of America , authorized by Act of Congress July 9 , 1918 , takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Second Lieutenant Elaine A . Roe , United States Army Nurse Corps , for gallantry in action on 10 February 1944 , near Anzio , Italy . During a concentrated shelling of the 33d Field Hospital by heavy caliber enemy artillery the entire hospital area was sprayed with shell fragments which killed two nurses and wounded other military personnel . Electric wires were cut and lights extinguished . Working with flashlights , Lieutenant Elaine Roe and Lieutenant Rita Rourke immediately began the orderly evacuation of forty - two patients while quieting others who had become alarmed and were attempting to leave their beds . Throughout the shelling , which included enemy air bursts , they exhibited remarkable coolness and courage and carried on with complete disregard for their own safety . The quick thinking , competence under unnerving conditions and the loyal consideration of Lieutenant Roe and Lieutenant Rourke for the welfare of their patients , prevented confusion which might have been critical , and were an inspiration to the enlisted men working under their supervision . Their actions reflected the finest traditions of the United States Army and the Army Nurse Corps . " Her home of record was Whitewater , Wisconsin .
SS Commissaire Ramel SS " Commissaire Ramel " was a French cargo - passenger ship , launched in 1920 , that was sunk in the Indian Ocean by the during World War II . Ship history . Construction . The ship was built by the " Société Provençale de Construction Navale " in La Ciotat under the name " General Duchesne " , but was renamed " Commissaire Ramel " before launching , in honour of Paul Ramel , the purser of the ship " Athos " , who was lost when his ship was torpedoed on 11 February 1917 , and posthumously awarded the légion d ' honneur . Displacing 16 , 620 tonnes , and 8 , 814 gross register tonnage , the ship was 152 . 50 metres long , with a beam of 18 . 06 metres . She was powered by a coal - fired triple expansion steam engine which delivered 4 , 450 hp , driving a single propeller and giving her a top speed of 12 knots . Service history . " Commissaire Ramel " was launched on 20 March 1920 , and entered service with the " Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes " on 24 April 1921 , as a cargo ship , sailing between France and the Far East . In 1926 she was refitted in La Ciotat as a cargo - passenger ship , receiving a promenade deck , lifeboat deck , and an additional boiler . This gave her the capacity to carry up to 552 passengers , and increased her displacement to 20 , 323 tonnes , with 10 , 092 gross register tonnage . The additional boiler increased her power to 5 , 000 hp , giving her a top speed to 14 knots . On 19 January 1927 she returned to service , sailing between France and Australia . In 1933 she was refitted again , with her coal - fired steam engine being replaced with oil - fired steam turbines delivering 6 , 250 hp . In 1935 she was transferred to a new route , sailing between Marseille and New Caledonia in the South Pacific , via the Panama Canal . On 19 May 1940 she sailed from Marseille under the command of Captain Sabouret , bound for Tahiti . She arrived at Papeete on 28 June 1940 , five days after the signing of armistice between France and Germany that ended the battle of France . On 18 July 1940 she arrived at Suva in British Fiji to refuel , but was requisitioned by the authorities there . She was taken to Sydney , Australia , where 26 members of the crew , including the captain , volunteered to serve aboard . Sinking . Under the management of the Shaw , Savill & Albion Line she sailed from Sydney on 1 September 1940 bound for Britain via Cape Town , under the command of Captain R . MacKenzie . Just after midnight on 19 September she was attacked by the commerce raider " Atlantis " . After the crew abandoned ship , they were picked up by " Atlantis " , who then finished off the ship , sinking her at position . Three of her crew were killed and 63 were taken prisoner . Two hundred prisoners taken by " Atlantis " from several ships were later transferred to the captured Yugoslavian ship " Durmitor " , and landed at Warsheikh in Italian East Africa on 22 November 1940 . They were held in a camp at Merca until liberated by British troops on 25 February 1941 during the East African Campaign .
Fort Gibbon Fort Gibbon was a U . S . Army base near Tanana , Alaska . It was active from 1899 to 1923 . History . In response to reports of lawlessness in Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush , six forts were built in the territory at the end of the 19th century . Three of the forts were built along the Yukon River : Fort Egbert , near the Canadian border , Fort St . Michael , at the mouth of the Yukon River in Western Alaska , and Fort Gibbon , near Tanana , Alaska . During the late 1800 ’ s , the large ships that travelled the Yukon River would unload cargo at Tanana and smaller vessels would carry the cargo up the Tanana River for delivery . Fort Gibbon was able to monitor trade along the Yukon and Tanana rivers and restore order among the gold rush miners and the Natives . The necessity of maintaining order in the Territory decreased as the gold rush began to wind down . However a new purpose for Fort Gibbon developed with the creation of the WAMCATS . Construction of the WAMCATS telegraph line began in 1903 and eventually connected the Territory of Alaska with the continental United States via an underwater cable . Shortly after completion of the telegraph line wireless radio began to augment and replace the telegraph lines . Fort Gibbon evolved into a wireless station . Units were rotated through garrison duty at Fort Gibbon . Elements of the 10th , 16th , 22nd and 30th Infantry Regiments served at Fort Gibbon in addition to other units . Companies C and D of the 22nd served at Fort Gibbon between 1908 and 1910 . Fort Gibbon was closed in 1923 .
RAAF Base Glenbrook RAAF Base Glenbrook is home to Headquarters Air Command of the Royal Australian Air Force . There is no airfield at Glenbrook , New South Wales although it is an HLS ( Helicopter Landing Site ) . It is a small base in the Lower Blue Mountains outside Sydney , with most administrative services located on the nearby RAAF Base Richmond .
Lieutenant - General of the Ordnance The Lieutenant - General of the Ordnance was a member of the British Board of Ordnance and the deputy of the Master - General of the Ordnance . The office was established in 1544 , and the holder was appointed by the crown under letters patent . It was abolished in 1855 when the Board of Ordnance was subsumed into the War Office .
Santoña Agreement The Santoña Agreement or Pact of Santoña was an agreement signed in the town of Guriezo , near Santoña , Cantabria , the August 24 , 1937 , during the Spanish Civil War , between politicians close to the Basque Nationalist Party ( " Partido Nacionalista Vasco " or PNV ) , fighting with the Republican Side , and Italian forces fighting with the Francoist side . During the Battle of Santander , the Francoist troops pierced through the Republican defense lines . The Republican troops , including the Basque army , retreated to the west in a disorderly fashion , with numerous desertions . After the fall of Bilbao , practically all Basque territory had fallen into Franco ' s hands . Juan de Ajuriaguerra , then president of the Biscay Regional Council of the Basque Nationalist Party , negotiated with the Italian army command a surrender agreement . The PNV offered to surrender the Basque army in exchange of its prisoners being treated as POWs under Italian commandment , and PNV members being allowed to go to exile in several British ships . The Basque nationalists units of the Republican army in the Basque territory , fighting under the direction of Basque president José Antonio Aguirre , met at Santoña , and surrendered to the Italian forces on August 24 . When news of the agreement arrived to his headquarters , Franco cancelled the agreement and ordered the immediate jailing in Santoña ' s El Dueso prison of the 22 , 000 soldiers captured . Three months later , around half of them had been freed , the other half remained in prison , and 510 were sentenced to death , a lower reprisal level than registered elsewhere . Ajuriaguerra , the highest rank in the PNV , was released from prison in 1943 . The agreement was carried out by the PNV behind the Republican government ' s back . For this reason , it is also known as the Santoña Treason .
Skoryy - class destroyer The Skoryy class were the first destroyer s built for the Soviet Navy after the end of World War II . Seventy ( 70 ) ships were built between 1949 and 1953 . The Soviet designation was " Project 30bis " . Design . The ships were derived from the Project 30 Ognevoy class destroyer , but were slightly larger with better sea - keeping and significantly increased endurance . These ships were longitudinally framed and completely welded . The ships were built in 101 modular pre - fabricated sections which led to rapid building times . The machinery and main armament was essentially identical to those of the Ognevoy class destroyers but the boilers employed forced draught for increased power . Modernisation . The ships were modernised in the 1950s with new anti - aircraft guns and anti - submarine mortars and updated sensors ( new radar and sonar ) . One bank of torpedo tubes were removed and extra accommodation ( deckhouses ) added . Ships . 70 ships were built for both the Soviet navy and for export , this is the largest production run for any large Soviet surface warship . Soviet ships : Exported ships were : The Soviet ships were decommissioned and scrapped between 1965 and 1984
Provincial Reconstruction Team Zabul Provincial Reconstruction Team Zabul was a civil - military unit tasked to assist the government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan deliver government and security in the southern province of Zabul . Along with the military component , the PRT also includes civilians from the Dept . of State , USAID and Dept . of Agriculture . The team had approximately 100 personnel . Location . The Zabul PRT was headquartered in the province ' s capital , Qalat , Zabul Province , next to the Provincial Governor ' s offices . Unit Mission . Conduct civil - military operations in Zabul Province to extend the reach and legitimacy of the Government of Afghanistan by : 1 . Promoting good governance and justice 2 . Facilitating reconstruction , development and economic growth by developing projects on the leading edge of the Afghan National Development Strategy 3 . Supporting and enabling an effective Afghan security apparatus 4 . Coordinating Consequence Management Operations with the Government of Afghanistan , Afghan National Security Forces and the International Security Assistance Force .
ENAER T - 35 Pillán " Not to be confused with the T - 35 Buckaroo . For other uses , see : T35 ( disambiguation ) " ENAER T - 35 Pillán ( mapudungún , , " volcano " or " ancestral spirit " ) is a Chilean propeller - driven basic trainer aircraft . The student and the instructor sit in tandem . Production ceased in 1991 after 7 years but restarted briefly in 1998 . Design and development . The PA - 28R - 300 Pillán was developed by Piper Aircraft in the United States as a two - seat military trainer for assembly in Chile , based on a PA - 32R fuselage with a new center - section and wing stressed for aerobatics . The first prototype designated XBT first flew at Lakeland on 6 March 1981 and was followed by a second prototype , designated YBT . The second prototype first flew on 31 August 1981 and was then delivered to Chile . The prototype XBT was delivered to Chile in January 1982 but was written off in 10 March 1982 . Production of kits at Vero Beach Municipal Airport commenced with three pre - production kits which were delivered for assembly in Chile in 1982 , Vero Beach then produced 120 kits for assembly in Chile for the Chilean and Spanish Air Force . The first production aircraft was delivered by ENAER to the Chilean Air Force Air Academy in August 1985 . The Spanish aircraft were assembled in Spain by CASA . Apart from a few turbine powered aircraft , all Pilláns were powered by a 300 hp ( 224 kW ) Textron Lycoming AEIO - 540 - K1K5 six cylinder horizontally opposed piston engine . In 1985 a turboprop variant was developed by ENAER as the T - 35A Aucan . In early 1986 one of the piston - engined pre - production aircraft was sent to Soloy in the United States and was fitted with a 420 shp Allison 250B - 17D engine .
L - class blimp The L class blimps were training airships operated by the United States Navy during World War II . In the mid - 1930s , the Goodyear Aircraft Company built a family of small non - rigid airship s that the company used for advertising the Goodyear name . In 1937 the United States Navy awarded a contract for two different airships , K class blimp designated K - 2 and a smaller blimp based upon Goodyear ’ s smaller commercial model airship used for advertising and passenger carrying . The smaller blimp was designated by the Navy as L - 1 The L - 1 was delivered in April 1938 and operated from the Navy ’ s lighter - than - air facility at Lakehurst , New Jersey . In the meantime , the Navy ordered two more L - Class blimps , the L - 2 and L - 3 , on September 25 , 1940 . These were delivered in 1941 . L - 2 was lost in a nighttime mid - air collision with the G - 1 on June 8 , 1942 . When the United States entered World War II , the Navy took over the operation of Goodyear ’ s five commercial blimps . These were the " Resolute " , " Enterprise " , " Reliance " , " Rainbow " , and " Ranger " . These airships were given the designations L - 4 through L - 8 even though their characteristics and performance varied among them . The next four L - Class airships were assembled in the assembly and repair shops at NAS Moffett Field . These blimps , L - 9 through L - 12 were completed by April 1943 . The last lot of L - Class airships were ordered from Goodyear under a contract of February 24 , 1943 . This was a lot of ten airships designated L - 13 through L - 22 . All the blimps were delivered by the end of 1943 . As training airships these blimps operated mainly from the two major lighter - than - air bases , Lakehurst and Moffett Field . While too small for any extensive operational use , they were used on some coastal patrols . In this role , L - 8 , of Blimp Squadron ZP - 32 was involved in an incident where in the airship came drifting in from the Pacific Ocean over southern San Francisco at Daly City on August 16 , 1942 , without either of the crewmen - Lt . E . D . Cody and Ensign C . Adams - onboard . Following the end of World War II a number of the L - class blimps were returned to Goodyear .
Norman Porteous Norman Walker Porteous ( 9 September 1898 , Haddington , East Lothian , Scotland – 3 September 2003 , Edinburgh , Scotland ) was a noted theologian and writer on Old Testament issues , and the last surviving military officer of the First World War . Education . Porteous entered the University of Edinburgh as first bursar in 1916 , but his studies were interrupted by World War I service in France , where he served as a subaltern in the 13th ( Service ) Battalion , The Royal Scots . He graduated from the University with first class honours in Classics in 1922 . After time spent studying and teaching in Oxford , St Andrews and Germany , he rejoined the University in 1935 when he was appointed to the Chair of Old Testament Language , Literature and Theology . Early career . In 1937 Porteous was appointed to the Chair of Hebrew and Semitic Languages . He was Principal of New College and also Dean of the Faculty from 1964 until his retirement in 1968 . He had been commissioned into the Edinburgh University Officers ' Training Corps in 1941 , but resigned his commission as a Lieutenant in 1945 . Contributions . Norman Porteous was one of the panel of translators of the " New English Bible " and latterly Dean of the University of Edinburgh , where he was also Senior " Professor Emeritus " ; he may also have been its oldest graduate . In 1965 , Porteous postulated that an anonymous writer wrote the Book of Daniel during the persecution under Antiochus IV Epiphanes . According to this theory the anonymous author attributed events that were witnessed by this writer in the 2nd century BCE to Daniel as prophecies . Paul Roche agreed with Porteous . since the writer ' s incomplete and erroneous view of historical details in the second half of the sixth century support the theory of a late date of writing . Porteous and Roche agree that the book is composed of folktales used to fortify the Jewish faith during a time of persecution and oppression by the Hellenized Seleucids four centuries after the Babylonian captivity . Death . Porteous died at the age of 104 .