naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Edhem Pasha Edhem Pasha ( 1851 – 1909 ) was an Ottoman military commander . Edhem Pasha was born in Trabzon in present - day Turkey . He was the deputy of Gazi Osman Pasha during the siege of Plevna in 1877 . He was the leading commander of the Ottoman army that defeated the Greeks in Thessaly during the Greco - Turkish War ( 1897 ) ( especially Battle of Dömeke / Domochos ) . He captured Yenişehir ( Larissa ) and Tırhala ( Trikala ) again but European states intervened because of the danger that Turks again could capture the rest of Morea . As a result , The Greco Turkish War of 1897 resulted in a stalemate despite Turkish military victory . Edhem Pasha died in Constantinople ( Istanbul ) .
Haifa Street helicopter incident The Haifa Street helicopter incident was a controversial event in Bagdhad , Iraq , on September 12 , 2004 . The fighting started before dawn on Haifa Street , where insurgents detonated two car bombs and attacked American troops with heavy gunfire . An American Bradley armored fighting vehicle was mobilized to support US troops , but it was struck by a car bomb around 6 : 30 a . m . , wounding four American soldiers . After the wounded Americans were evacuated , witnesses reported that a crowd had gathered around the burning Bradley , apparently celebrating . Media personnel also arrived on the scene , filming the burning wreckage . Reports said that the media and crowd had been gathered around the vehicle after the fighting ended . At around 8 : 00 a . m . , an American helicopter fired two missiles and machine guns at the burning tank , killing 13 people and injuring about 60 others . Among the dead was Mazen al - Tumeizi , a Palestinian reporter for al - Arabiya TV who was filming a report at the time . Tumeizi ' s death and the incident itself were caught by his cameraman . The American military said it fired on the vehicle " to prevent looting and harm to the Iraqi people , " and that they had fired on insurgents , not civilians .
Edgar Petersen Edgar Petersen ( 26 April 1904 – 10 June 1986 ) was a German Luftwaffe bomber pilot and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Petersen was instrumental in converting the Focke - Wulf Fw 200 into what Winston Churchill called the " Scourge of the Atlantic " during the Battle of the Atlantic . He also served in the position of " Kommandeur der Erprobungstellen " ( commander of all " Luftwaffe " test stations ) as an " Oberst " later in the war . See also . Siegfried Knemeyer , a subordinate of " Oberst " Petersen , who later served with the United States Air Force for over 30 years
Air Intelligence Group The Israeli Air Intelligence Group ( ; also known as Lamdan , its Hebrew acronym ) is a unit of the Israel Defense Forces Air Force . Like other IDF intelligence gathering bodies , it is professionally subordinate to the IDF ' s Intelligence Directorate . Lamdan is responsible for the formulation of the aerial intelligence picture , and participates in forging the overall intelligence view as part of the Israeli Intelligence Community . It operates several research and collection units , including the Technical Assistance Unit ( formerly the Air Photography Unit ) which analyzes aerial photography , and the Zoom Unit which studies the procurement of new aircraft . Lamdan also operates alongside Aman ' s Visual Intelligence Branch and the Naval Intelligence Department ' s Visual Intelligence Unit . Lamdan is currently headed by Brigadier - General Yaacov Shahrbani .
German submarine U - 957 German submarine " U - 957 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . Laid down by Blohm & Voss , Hamburg , on 11 March 1942 , the U - boat was launched on 21 November 1942 , and commissioned on 7 January 1943 , by " Leutnant " Franz Saar . Under the command of " Oberleutnant " Gerhard Schaar " U - 957 " carried out seven war patrols between December 1943 and October 1944 , sinking two commercial vessels ; the British " Fort Bellingham " and the Soviet " Nord " ; and two military vessels , the American submarine chaser , and the Soviet corvette Brilliant . Her combat career ended on 19 October 1944 at Lofoten , Norway , when she collided with a German steamer . On 21 October 1944 she was taken out of service in Trondheim . On 29 May 1945 she was taken to England where she was broken up .
8th Carrier Air Group The 8th Carrier Air Group of the Fleet Air Arm was formed on 30 June 1945 . It was based on the aircraft carrier HMS " Implacable " for service in the British Pacific Fleet and contained No . 828 NAS flying the TBF Avenger , No . 801 NAS and No . 880 NAS flying the Supermarine Seafire and No . 1771 NAS flying the Fairey Firefly . It was disbanded in April 1946 , but some of its squadrons disbanded earlier .
1948 Army Cadets football team Led by head coach Colonel Red Blaik , the Cadets offense scored 294 points while the defense allowed 89 points . At season ’ s end , Army was ranked sixth in the nation . Coaching staff . Head coach Red Blaik implemented a two platoon system , using specialists strictly for offense and defense . Offensive coach Sid Gillman left Army to become the head coach for the University of Cincinnati .
7 cm Mountain Gun The 7 cm Mountain Gun was a Japan ese ordnance first used in 1883 . Because of the relative expense of steel at the time , the gun was produced with a bronze barrel . The 7 cm was used in the First Sino - Japanese War , and was used again in the Russo - Japanese War .
Miguel Pereira Forjaz , Count of Feira Dom Miguel Pereira Forjaz Coutinho ( 1 November 1769 – 6 November 1827 ) , 9th Count of Feira , was a Portuguese general in the Peninsular War . Life . He entered the army in 1785 , as a cadet in the Regiment of Peniche , in which he met many members of his family . In 1787 he was promoted to alferes ( lieutenant ) and served as chief of staff to the Count of Oeynhausen , inspector - general of the Infantry , fighting alongside him at Porcalhota in 1790 . He was promoted to captain in 1791 and to major ( sargento - mor ) in 1793 , and was made adjutant to general Forbes , commander of the Portuguese division then fighting in Roussillon and Catalonia . Already with the rank of colonel , in March 1800 he was made governor and captain - general of Pará , but did not set out for Brazil . In the War of the Oranges of the following year , at Alentejo , he served as quartermaster - general ( chief of staff ) to General Forbes . In 1806 he was promoted to brigadier and made inspector general of the army . On the royal family ' s flight to the Portuguese colony of Brazil in 1807 , he was made deputy secretary of the government , to if necessary replace the Count of Sampaio . When General Junot took over the government of the country , Forjaz retired to the provinces . In Coimbra he began the revolt against the French and went to Porto , where he reorganised the army , under the orders of his cousin Bernardim Freire de Andrade . Accompanying Andrade as adjutant general of the army of the north in their march on Porto - Lisbon , and was made secretary of the regency , after the Convention of Sintra , and was given the war and foreign affairs portfolios . In this capacity he took part in the further reorganisation of the army under William Carr Beresford ( who had been appointed commander - in - chief by the Portuguese Royal family ) , completing the 1803 proposals ' implementation in 1807 . One of his initiatives was the creation of caçadores units and supporting general Beresford in a friendly but critical way , in adapting the Portuguese army to British training and tactics to better help the Anglo - Portuguese Army ' s campaign . In 1815 he successfully opposed sending a Portuguese division to fight in the Low Countries against Napoleon during the Hundred Days . The Liberal Revolution of 1820 led him to leave his post as regent and his retirement from public life . By a decree of 13 May 1820 he received the title of Count of Feira and was elected a Peer of the Kingdom on the occasion of the giving of the Constitutional Charter by Peter IV of Portugal .
Valley District The Valley District was an organization of the Confederate States Army and subsection of the Department of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War , responsible for operations between the Blue Ridge Mountains and Allegheny Mountains of Virginia . It was created on October 22 , 1861 , and was surrendered by the authority of Gen . Robert E . Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9 , 1865 . Background . The Valley District was created to administer various home guard and military units and armies which operated in the Shenandoah Valley . The first forces organized in this area prior to the creation of the Valley District were the " Forces In and About Harper ' s Ferry , Virginia " , which existed from April 18 , 1861 , to June 15 , 1861 . The Forces In and About Harper ' s Ferry were originally under the Virginia State Militia , and were placed under three commanders during that time . Maj . Gen . Kenton Harper ( Virginia State Militia ) commanded from April 18 to April 28 , then command fell to Col . Thomas J . " Stonewall " Jackson ' s ( Virginia State Militia ) from April 28 to May 24 , and finally the forces were transferred to the Confederate States Army and Brig . Gen . Joseph E . Johnston from May 24 to June 15 , 1861 . From June 15 to October 22 , military organization in the Shenandoah Valley came under local leadership until the Department of Northern Virginia . It was created on October 22 , 1861 , as Johnston prepared defenses in Northern Virginia . The Valley District was defined as the area between the Blue Ridge Mountains , the Alleghenies and extended south from the Potomac River to the vicinity of Staunton , Virginia and covered an area of roughly five thousand square miles . Three districts were created under the Department of Northern Virginia were : While the Aquia and Potomac Districts ceased to exist by the spring of 1862 , the need remained for military organization in the Valley throughout the remainder of the war . 1864 . During 1864 , while under the command of Lt . Gen . Jubal Early , the Valley District operated its own independent army , the Army of the Valley , which was essentially composed of the Second Corps , Army of Northern Virginia . The Second Corps was detached from Lee ' s main army to invade , threaten and assault Washington , D . C . , on the hopes of drawing forces away from Lt . General Ulysses S . Grant ' s forces , and thereby relieving pressure on his siege around Richmond , and Petersburg , Virginia .
Thomas Harcourt ( Medal of Honor ) Thomas Harcourt ( 1841 – Unknown ) was a U . S . sailor stationed aboard the during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Second Battle of Fort Fisher on January 15 , 1865 . Military service . Harcourt enlisted in the Army from Haverhill , New Hampshire in 1863 , but transferred to the Navy in April 1864 and was assigned to the Union frigate . He later deserted in April 1865 . On January 15 , 1865 the North Carolina Confederate stronghold of Fort Fisher was taken by a combined Union storming party of sailors , marines , and soldiers under the command of Admiral David Dixon Porter and General Alfred Terry . Harcourt was one of nine crewmen from the USS " Minnesota " who received the Medal of Honor for their actions during the battle . Medal of Honor citation . " The President of the United States of America , in the name of Congress , takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Ordinary Seaman Thomas Harcourt , United States Navy , for extraordinary heroism in action on board the U . S . S . " Minnesota " in the assault on Fort Fisher , 15 January 1865 . Landing on the beach with the assaulting party from his ship , Ordinary Seaman Harcourt advanced to the top of the sand hill and partly through the breach in the palisades despite enemy fire which killed or wounded many officers and men . When more than two - thirds of the men became seized with panic and retreated on the run , he remained with the party until dark when it came safely away , bringing its wounded , its arms and its colors . " General Orders : War Department , General Orders No . 59 ( June 22 , 1865 ) Action Date : January 15 , 1865 Service : Navy Rank : Ordinary Seaman Division : U . S . S . " Minnesota "
RM - 70 multiple rocket launcher The RM - 70 ( " raketomet vzor 1970 " ) multiple rocket launcher is a Czechoslovakia n army version and the heavier variant of the BM - 21 Grad multiple rocket launcher , providing enhanced performance over its parent area - saturation artillery system that was introduced in 1971 ( but the NATO designation is M1972 ) . Overview . RM - 70 was developed in Czechoslovakia as a successor for the RM - 51 , achieving initial operational capability with its Army in 1972 . Originally , it was sold to East Germany . After the Soviet Union collapse and the split of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic , it was sold to several states in Africa , America , Asia and Europe . RM - 70 replaced the Ural - 375D 6x6 truck by a Tatra T813 " Kolos " 8x8 truck as carrier platform for the 40 - round launcher . The new carrier vehicle provides enough space for carrying 40 additional 122mm rockets pack for reload . Nevertheless , RM - 70 performance remains near the same as Grad even in terms of vehicle ' s speed and range . This rocket launcher can fire both individual rounds and volleys , principally by means of indirect fire . It is designed for concentrated fire coverage of large areas ( up to 3 hectares in one volley ) by high explosive fragmentation shells . The fire is robust with almost 256 kg of explosives used in one volley of 40 rockets . The rockets used are either the original Soviet 9M22 and 9M28 , or locally developed models . These are the JROF with a range of 20 . 75 km , the JROF - K with a range of 11 km , the " Trnovnik " with 63 HEAT - bomblets and with a range of 17 . 5 km , the " Kuš " with five PPMI - S1 anti - personnel mines or the " Krizhna - R " with 4 anti - tank mines PTMI - D and with a range of 19 , 450 m . The vehicle is provided with a central tyre pressure regulation system ( to allow its adaptation to the nature of the traversed ground ) , a headlight with white light on the forward cab roof and , if necessary , with a snow plough SSP 1000 or a dozer blade BZ - T to arrange its own emplacement or to remove obstacles .
Archibald Buchanan ( RAF officer ) Lieutenant Archibald Buchanan ( born October 5 , 1892 , date of death unknown ) was a World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories . Buchanan voyaged to England to join the Royal Naval Air Service . The RNAS and the Royal Flying Corps were amalgamated into the Royal Air Force before Buchanan earned his pilot ' s wings , but he was assigned to a former RNAS squadron , No . 210 . Buchanan began his victory string as a balloon buster on 30 June 1918 , when he destroyed an enemy observation balloon northeast of Estaires . His second win , on 20 July , was shared with Captain Harold Mellings . Between 31 July and 29 September , he scored five more wins over enemy fighter planes ; his final summary was victory over five Fokker D . VII s , a Pfalz D . III , and a balloon . On 17 October , he landed his Sopwith Camel at Ostend , Belgium , in the wake of the German retreat , only to be informed by locals that he was the first Allied soldier to come to the city after the Germans left . On 30 October , Buchanan was shot down by Michael Hutterer of Jasta 23 , and spent the rest of the war as a prisoner . Honors and awards . Distinguished Flying Cross ( DFC ) Lieut . Archibald Buchanan , 210 Sqn . ( Sea Patrol , FLANDERS ) On 29 September this officer displayed great gallantry . In an engagement with fifteen Fokker biplanes , owing to engine trouble he was compelled to remain under his flight ; he nevertheless accounted for two enemy machines , attacking one under its tail causing it to crash , and driving another down out of control . In addition to the foregoing this officer has destroyed three machines and driven down two out of control .
40th / 41st Royal Tank Regiment The 40th / 41st Royal Tank Regiment ( 40 / 41 RTR ) was an armoured regiment of the British Army from 1956 until 1967 . It was formed in 1956 , as part of the reorganisation of the Territorial Army , from the 40th ( The King ' s ) Royal Tank Regiment and the 41st ( Oldham ) Royal Tank Regiment . Its primary role was to provide trained tank crewmen for the British Army of the Rhine in the event of hostilities between NATO and the Warsaw Pact . In 1964 a party of the Regiment ' s Ever Ready Reservists served with the 4th Royal Tank Regiment during the Aden Emergency . In 1967 , it was amalgamated with the Duke of Lancaster ' s Own Yeomanry , and the Regimental Standard presented by HM the Queen in 1960 was laid up in the town hall at Bootle , the former 40th Royal Tank Regiment ' s principal recruiting area .
Central Pacific Area Fleet The was a fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy established during World War II . History . The Central Pacific Area Fleet was a short - lived operational headquarters of the Imperial Japanese Navy , established on March 4 , 1944 . With United States Navy forces having driven the Japanese out of the Marshall Islands and Caroline Islands in late 1943 to early 1944 , the remnants of Japanese naval forces from those areas regrouped under the direction of Admiral Chuichi Nagumo . The new Central Pacific Area Fleet was a combined operational command containing air ( IJN 14th Air Fleet ) and ground ( IJA 31st Army ) elements , and was tasked with the defense of the Mariana Islands and Palau , from its command center in Saipan . With the fall of Saipan to American forces on July 8 , 1944 and subsequent death of Admiral Nagumo and his staff , the Central Area Fleet ceased to exist . Commanders of the IJN Central Pacific Area Fleet . Commander in chief Chief of staff
Gordon Waite Underwood Captain Gordon Waite Underwood ( June 3 , 1910 – January 15 , 1978 ) was a United States Navy Captain who was awarded the Navy Cross for his achievements during World War II . He is the namesake of the ship USS " Underwood " ( FFG - 36 ) . Early life . Gordon Underwood was born in New York on June 3 , 1910 , and at an early age moved with his family to Portland , Oregon . In 1932 , he was appointed to the United States Naval Academy . At the Naval Academy he proved to be an outstanding student and superb athlete . He earned letters and starred in football and track . He was awarded the coveted Naval Academy Sword for athletic excellence . Navy service . Following his graduation from the Academy , Underwood served in USS " Oklahoma " ( BB - 37 ) . This tour was followed by training at the US Submarine School in New London , Connecticut . After his graduation he served in the Submarine School , " S - 21 " , " Mississippi " , and " Vega " . In 1941 , he attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology and earned a Masters Degree in Marine Engineering . Returning to sea duty , he was assigned to the Staff of Commander Submarine Squadron Ten as Squadron Engineer supporting submarines on war patrol . In January 1944 , he was assigned as Commanding Officer of USS " Spadefish " ( SS - 411 ) . On this ship during three war patrols he was credited with destruction of seventy - six thousand tons of enemy shipping , including the aircraft carrier " Shinyo " . For each of his war patrols he was awarded a Navy Cross and in recognition of the great successes of the first two patrols " Spadefish " was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation . Underwood ' s record of success in his war patrols remains one of the most notable in the history of the US Navy Submarine Service . Post Navy career . Captain Underwood retired from the Navy in 1962 after 30 years of distinguished service . After retirement , he became Vice President of Spelin Inc . , Mountain View , California . He was also Vice President of Filter - Aire of Hollister , California until his retirement . References . A portion of this text originated from the public domain ship ' s history of USS " Underwood " .
USS New Hampshire ( SSN - 778 ) USS " New Hampshire " ( SSN - 778 ) , a " Virginia " - class nuclear - powered attack submarine , is the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for the state of New Hampshire ( though one of her predecessors , , existed only on paper – authorized , but cancelled before keel laying ) . She is the first of the Virginia Block II submarines to enter service . Her name was awarded to the submarine after a letter - writing campaign by the third - graders from Garrison Elementary School in Dover to their members of Congress , the state governor , and the Secretary of the Navy . The contract to build her was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton , Connecticut , on 14 August 2003 . Construction began in January 2004 . A keel - laying ceremony for the submarine was held at Electric Boat ' s Quonset Point facility in North Kingstown , Rhode Island , on 30 April 2007 . The ship ' s sponsor was Cheryl McGuinness of Portsmouth , New Hampshire , the widow of Thomas McGuinness , co - pilot of American Airlines Flight 11 , who died in the September 11 , 2001 attacks when the jet was flown into the North Tower of the World Trade Center . The submarine was launched on 21 February 2008 and christened four months later , on 21 June 2008 in Groton , Connecticut , eight months ahead of schedule and $ 54 million under budget . " New Hampshire " finished sea trials and was delivered to the Navy on 28 August 2008 . The ship was commissioned in a ceremony at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery , Maine , on 25 October 2008 . Incidents aboard " New Hampshire " . During the week of 13 March 2011 , while on a mission under the Arctic ice cap , " New Hampshire " suffered an oxygen generator failure . This failure required the ship to surface though the ice . The crew had used oxygen candle s to make oxygen until the ship surfaced . United Technologies Corp . , the company responsible for building the oxygen generator , had dispatched a representative with needed replacement parts to the submarine by way of a temporary ice camp , to assist the ship ' s crew in repairing the problem .
No . 30 Squadron RNZAF No . 30 Squadron RNZAF was a New Zealand light bomber squadron which saw service against the Japan ese in the Pacific Theatre during the last two years of the Second World War . History . 30 Squadron of the Royal New Zealand Air Force was formed from pilots of No . 8 Squadron RNZAF at Gisborne , New Zealand on 28 March 1943 . The squadron initially flew Vickers Vincents and the very similar Vickers Vildebeest , then North American Harvards and finally Grumman TBF Avenger s . It moved from home defe The Squadron flew 1 , 432 hours on operations dropping 330 tons of bombs and firing 83 , 000 rounds of ammunition . Six 30 Squadron aircrew were lost on operations , the last of which was flown on 22 May 1944 . Surviving Aircraft . A 30 Squadron Avenger is preserved by the Gisborne Aviation Protection Society .