naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Greene ( Medal of Honor ) John Greene ( ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip . Biography . Greene joined the Navy from New York and served during the Civil War as a captain of the forecastle on the . At the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip near New Orleans on April 24 , 1862 , " Varuna " was rammed twice by the Confederate steamer ( formerly known as the " Charles Morgan " ) and eventually sunk . Greene acted as a gun captain and " remained steadfast at his gun throughout the thickest of the fight and was instrumental in inflicting damage on the enemy " . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor a year later , on April 3 , 1863 . Greene ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Captain of a gun on board the U . S . S . " Varuna " during the attacks on Forts Jackson and St . Philip , and while under fire and ramming by the rebel ship " Morgan " , 24 April 1862 . During this action at extremely close range while his ship was under furious fire and twice rammed by the rebel ship " Morgan " , Greene remained steadfast at his gun throughout the thickest of the fight and was instrumental in inflicting damage on the enemy until the " Varuna " , badly damaged and forced to beach , was finally sunk .
French frigate Iphigénie ( 1810 ) The French frigate " Iphigénie " was a " Pallas " - class frigate of a nominal 44 guns , launched in 1810 . The British captured her in 1814 . The British named her HMS " Palma " , and then renamed her HMS " Gloire " . She was sold in 1817 , never having been commissioned into the Royal Navy . In 1813 , along with " Alcmène " , she served at Cherbourg , in the squadron of contre - amiral Amable Troude , to protect the harbour . Capture . In early 1814 , Commander Jean - Léon Émeric was put in charge of a two - frigate squadron comprising " Iphigénie " and " Alcmène " , under Commander Ducrest de Villeneuve , for a cruise between the Azores and Cap - Vert , off Guinea . On 16 January 1814 , the 74 - gun third - rate ship of the line , her prize , the ex - French letter of marque brig " Jason " , and were in company when they spotted " Alcmène " and " Iphigénie " . After a chase that left " Cyane " far behind , " Venerable " captured " Alcmène " , though not without a fight . " Venerable " lost two men dead and four wounded , while the French lost 32 dead and 50 wounded . " Jason " and " Cyane " tracked " Iphigénie " and initially fired on her but broke off the engagement because they were outgunned . " Cyane " continued the chase for over three days until " Venerable " was able to rejoin the fight after having sailed 153 miles in the direction she believed that " Iphigénie " had taken . On 20 January , after a 19 hour chase , or what amounted in all to a four day chase for " Iphigénie " , " Venerable " captured the quarry , having again left " Cyane " behind . In the chase , " Iphigénie " cast off her anchors and threw her boats overboard in order to try to gain speed . She apparently did not resist after " Venerable " came up . Before meeting up with the British ships , the two French vessels had taken some eight prizes . The action resulted in the award in 1847 , to any surviving claimants , of the Naval General Service Medal with clasps " Venerable 16 Jany 1814 " and " Cyane 16 Jany . 1814 " . " Venerable " was able to locate " Iphigénie " because Commander Ducrest de Villeneuve of " Alcmène " was so angry at Captain Émeric , who was the senior French commander , for not having come alongside " Venerable " on the other side also to board , that he essentially revealed the rendezvous instructions to Admiral Durham . ( " Venerable " was Durham ' s flagship ) . When some prisoners from " Iphigénie " s crew were brought on " Venerable " , crew from " Alcmène " too were enraged . Durham had to station Royal Marines between them , with fixed bayonets , to prevent fighting from breaking out . Fate . A prize crew brought " Iphigénie " into Plymouth on 23 February 1814 , and was laid up in ordinary . She was moved to Spithead in July . Capt . James A . Worth was in command of her , though she was never commissioned . The Admiralty named her " Palma " and then renamed her " Gloire " on 8 November . She was sold in September 1817 to a Mr . Freake for £1 , 750 .
George I , Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont George I , Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont ( ; 6 May 17479 September 1813 ) was Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont from 1812 to 1813 . He was the son of Karl August , Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Christiane Henriette , Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken . Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont . The principality was divided 1805 , Pyrmont was given to George , and his brother Friedrich Karl August stayed with Waldeck . In 1807 , Waldeck joined the Confederation of the Rhine . After the death of his brother in 1812 , George took over the government in Waldeck . Marriage and children . He married Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg - Sondershausen , daughter of August II , Prince of Schwarzburg - Sondershausen and Princess Christine of Anhalt - Bernburg , in Otterwisch on 12 September 1784 . They had nine sons and four daughters :
Alexander Brydie Dyer Alexander Brydie Dyer ( January 10 , 1815 – May 20 , 1874 ) was an American soldier in a variety of 19th century wars , serving most notably as a general and chief of ordnance for the Union Army during the American Civil War . Biography . Dyer was born at Richmond , Virginia , and graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1837 . He served in the Seminole Wars in 1837 – 38 and as lieutenant of ordnance in the Mexican - American War in 1846 – 48 , being brevetted captain for gallant conduct at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Rosales . He served throughout the Civil War . From 1861 to 1864 , he commanded the Federal armory in Springfield , Massachusetts . On September 13 , 1864 , he was appointed chief of ordnance at Washington , D . C . , with the rank of brigadier general , U . S . Army , to rank from September 12 , 1864 . President Lincoln submitted the nomination to the U . S . Senate on December 12 , 1864 and the Senate confirmed the appointment on February 23 , 1865 . Dyer held the position on May 30 , 1864 . Dyer is known as being the commander first committed to the purchasing of the Gatling gun , the first design of machine a gun < The Gun , C . J Chivers > , first designed by John Gatling . On March 8 , 1866 , President Andrew Johnson nominated Eaton for appointment to the brevet grade of major general , USA , ( Regular Army ) to rank from March 13 , 1865 , and the U . S . Senate confirmed the nomination on May 4 , 1866 and re - confirmed it on July 14 , 1866 in order to have line officers precede staff officers in rank . Dyer died in Washington and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery .
USS Carteret ( APA - 70 ) USS " Carteret " ( APA - 70 ) was a " Gilliam " - class attack transport that served with the US Navy during World War II . " Carteret " was named after a county in North Carolina . She was launched 15 August 1944 by Consolidated Steel at Wilmington , California , under a Maritime Commission contract ; acquired by the Navy 2 December 1944 ; commissioned the next day , Lieutenant Commander J . L . Hunter in command , and reported to the Pacific Fleet . Operational history . " Carteret " sailed from San Diego 24 January 1945 carrying troops to Pearl Harbor . Invasion of Iwo Jima . With a call en route at Saipan , she arrived off Iwo Jima to land troops and equipment in the invasion of the bitterly contested island 19 February . She remained off the island to support the hard - fighting Marines until 2 March , when she retired carrying casualties whom she took to Saipan . Invasion of Okinawa . " Carteret " then sailed on to Tulagi and Espiritu Santo , arriving 19 March to load troops and vehicles designated as reinforcements for Okinawa . The attack transport reached the Okinawa beachhead 9 April 1945 , and for the next seven days followed the pattern of unloading by day , and retirement seaward by night . Unscathed by the fury of the Japanese kamikaze attacks , she returned to Ulithi for repairs 23 April . On 16 May she got underway for Palau , Cebu , and San Pedro Bay , P . I . , at which points she embarked passengers for transportation to San Francisco , where she arrived , 27 June . After brief repairs at Seattle , Washington , she sailed 17 July for duty in the redeployment of troops and equipment in the Pacific . After hostilities . " Carteret " called at Pearl Harbor , Okinawa , and Leyte , where she embarked occupation troops for Jinsen , Korea . Another voyage from the Philippines to Jinsen preceded her employment from 24 October 1945 to 2 March 1946 in two voyages from Japan and Okinawa to the west coast returning servicemen . Operation Crossroads . After special training at Pearl Harbor , " Carteret " was transferred to JTF - 1 for use in the atomic bomb experiments at Bikini Atoll , known as Operation Crossroads , between 28 May and 27 August . " Carteret " was decommissioned 6 August 1946 , and upon the completion of the tests , was towed to Kwajalein for study . There she was sunk by on 19 April 1948 . " Carteret " received two battle star s for World War II service .
Battle of Brissarthe The Battle of Brissarthe was fought on 2 July 866 ) , between the Franks and a joint Breton - Viking army near Brissarthe , Neustria . It was marked by the death of Robert the Strong , the Neustrian margrave , and Ranulf I , the duke of Aquitaine . In 866 , Salomon , Duke of Brittany , allied with Hastein ( Hasting ) , a Danish chieftain , for an expedition into Anjou , Maine , and Touraine . In the course of the campaign , Le Mans was sacked . Robert , commander of the afflicted regions , assembled a large army to expel them . He was joined by Ranulf of the region of Poitou and Gauzfrid and Hervé of Maine . The Frankish army succeeded in intercepting the Danes before they reached their boats on the Loire River . The Danes attempted to take refuge in a church , but the Franks besieged them . During the night , the Danes attempted to escape . During the ensuing battle , Robert was killed , Ranulf mortally wounded by an arrow , and Hervé injured . With the loss of their leaders , the Franks had to retreat . In 867 , Charles the Bald entered negotiations with Salomon and recognised him as King of Brittany . He conceded the Cotentin and possibly the Avranchin to the Breton . Hastein continued to ravage the Loire Valley for many more years . He and his forces attacked Bourges in 867 , Orléans in 868 , and Angers in 872 . Charles appealed for assistance to Salomon .
Curtiss Model K The Curtiss Model K , also known as the Model 4 , was an American single - engined flying boat of World War I . It was an enlarged derivative of Curtiss ' s Model F and about 50 were built for export to the Russian Navy . Design and development . In 1914 , the Curtiss Aeroplane Company developed its Model K , an enlarged development of its successful Model F flying boat . It was a three - bay biplane powered by a 150 hp ( 112 kW ) Curtiss V - X engine mounted in a pusher configuration between the wings . Unlike the Model F , its wings were staggered and slightly swept , while its ailerons were mounted on the upper wing instead of between the wings . The first flight of the Model K was delayed by problems with its engine until January 1915 , with it being claimed that the aircraft was the largest single - engined flying boat in the world at the time . Operational history . While the Model K did not attract orders from home , attempts to export it were more successful , resulting in an order for 51 aircraft in both flying boat and landplane versions from the Imperial Russian Navy in 1914 . The crated aircraft were shipped via Vancouver and Vladivostok , resulting in serious delays in the aircraft being re - assembled , such that many of them were unseaworthy due to their hulls having cracked .
Ear dagger An ear dagger is a relatively rare and exotic form of dagger that was used during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance . It is so named because the pommel of the dagger has a very distinctive shape , in some cases like a human ear . Ear daggers frequently have a single sharpened edge that ends in an acute point . It is thought that the ear dagger was introduced to Europe from Spain , where it presumably originated from the Moors . Design . " In the 14th century an interesting version of the rondel appeared . This was the eared dagger , which shares its heritage with the blade known to the Turks as the yataghan and to the Cossacks as the shashqa . The pommel of eared daggers was split in two to allow the thumb to be hooked over the pommel to impart greater force to the stabbing blow . Curiously , despite its ( odd ) appearance , the eared dagger became widely associated with royalty and was also a favorite weapon of assassins in Italy during the 15th and 16th centuries . "
USS Whitefish ( SS - 432 ) USS " Whitefish " ( SS - 432 ) , a proposed United States Navy " Balao " - class submarine , was the only submarine of the United States Navy to be named for the " Coregonus " or " whitefish " , a freshwater food fish closely related to the trout and salmon found in waters of the Northern Hemisphere . Her keel was to be laid down by the Cramp Shipbuilding Company of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , but the contract for her construction was cancelled on 29 July 1944 .
Merchant Ship Fighter Unit The Merchant Ship Fighter Unit ( MSFU ) was a Royal Air Force operational aircraft unit based at RAF Speke during World War II . The aircraft operated by the MSFU were Hawker Sea Hurricane s . These planes were operated from 35 merchant ships outfitted with a catapult on the bow , referred to as Catapult Aircraft Merchant ships CAM ship s . The MSFU was formed at Speke on May 5 , 1941 and provided detachments to the CAM ships , each vessel being equipped with one Sea Hurricane plus an RAF pilot and support crew . The single catapult consisted of an eighty - five - foot runway , along which a trolley carrying a Hurricane ( later Hurricats were used for this ) would be forced by a battery of three - inch rockets over a diameter of sixty feet . Using thirty - degree wing flaps , a pilot could make a perfect takeoff without losing height . Most notable was the inability of the CAM ship to recover the aircraft , and as a result launches beyond the range of the aircraft were one way rides that required the pilot to bail out and use an inflatable dinghy until a passing ship happened by . Eventually CAM ships were replaced beginning in 1943 with the completion of escort carriers . CAM fighters were credited with seven Luftwaffe kills and numerous scare offs . References . Breuer , W . B . ( 2000 ) Secret Weapons of World War II . Castle Books , New Jersey . pp . 86 – 87 .
40th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 40th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 40th Illinois Infantry was organized at Springfield , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on August 10 , 1861 . The regiment was mustered out on July 24 , 1865 . Battle of Shiloh Siege of Vicksburg Battle of Missionary Ridge Battle of Kennesaw Mountain Siege of Atlanta March to the Sea Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 6 officers and 119 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 4 officers and 117 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 246 fatalities .
Thomas Dutton Sir Thomas Dutton ( 1 August 1421 – 23 September 1459 ) was a medieval English knight . He was the son of Sir John Dutton and Margaret Savage His family owned an estate , Dutton Hall , that was originally located in Cheshire , England . It is now located in Sussex , the original building having been moved there in the 1930s . The building is now a private school , Stoke Brunswick , at Ashurst Wood , just south of East Grinstead . Sir Thomas Dutton married Anne Touchet , daughter of James Touchet , Lord Audley 5th Baron of Audley of Heliegh Castle and Margaret De Ros . Sir Thomas Dutton and his father in law , Lord Audley died on 23 September 1459 at the Battle of Blore Heath , Blore Heath , England . Lord Audley was in command of approximately 10 , 000 troops defending the throne of King Henry VI . Marriages and children . Sir Thomas Dutton married Anne Touchet . Their children were : Margaret Dutton who married Sir William Veneable , KNT . , son of Roger De Veneable of Kinderton , and his wife , Alice Pennington .
Louis Philogène Brûlart , vicomte de Puisieulx Louis Philogène Brulart , Marquis de Puysieulx ( 1727 ) , Comte de Sillery ( born May 12 , 1702 , Paris – December 8 , 1770 , Paris ) was a French foreign minister . He was the son of Carloman Philogène Brulart , Comte de Sillery ( ca . 1663 – 1727 ) and Mary - Louise Bigot . He married Charlotte Félicité Le Tellier ( 1708 – 1783 ) , on July 19 , 1722 ; they had a daughter , Adelaide Felicite . He was a Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit ( 1748 ) , Knight of the Order of Saint Michael ( 1748 ) .
Blitzkrieg The Blitzkrieg ( German Term to lightning war ) Was a military doctrine in operational level , which consisted in using mobile forces in quick attacks and surprise in order to prevent enemy forces had time to organize their defense . Its three essential elements were the effect surprise , the speed , the maneuver and the brutality of the attack , and their main objectives were : the demoralization and disorganization of the enemy forces ( paralyzing their control centers ) . The architect of this strategy was the general Erich von Manstein Origins . The strategy of " blitzkrieg " was perfected by the German General Heinz Guderian in late 1930s . The desired effect by lightning war can only be achieved by the coordinated use of infantry , Of armoured and aviation that act together to " pierce " the enemy lines on a breaking point . Every " friction " with enemy forces was avoided . A focus of resistance was found , was immediately surrounded , their communications disrupted ( which hampered the decision - making and transmission of orders ) and the rest of troops attack continued its advance inside the enemy camp as soon as possible . The focus of resistance was later destroyed by the forces of infantry which followed the surprise attack . It was thanks to such offensive tactics that Wermacht managed to beat the allies during the first part of WWII especially when they invaded Poland , Denmark ( Operation Weserübung ) , France ( and Netherlands , Belgium and Luxembourg on the same time ) Yugoslavia , Greece and Soviet Union ( Operation Barbarossa ) And also thanks to its superior military might and the unpreparedness of the armed forces of the invaded countries . Whether the campaign in Poland or in France lasted just over a month : in both cases massive columns tanks Still broke through the enemy lines and moved deep into the heartland of the opponents , while the German air force ( Luftwaffe ) destroyed communication lines , the enemy air power , its key industries and other military targets , paving the way for a ground invasion . The results were overwhelming : Poland saw his army destroyed and lost its independence , while for the Allies in the west , was the humiliating withdrawal of the British at Dunkirk ( Battle of Dunkirk ) And the occupation of France . However , this tactic began to show its limitations from 1942 . In reality , " blitzkrieg " only applied successfully in theaters of operation and reduced short - lived . Post - WWII . After WWII and particularly during the Cold War the military commanders feared an invasion of type " blitzkrieg " , either by Warsaw pact either by the NATO . In the near past , the principle of " blitzkrieg " was used by Allied forces under the command of U . S . General Norman Schwarzkopf to achieve a quick victory over Iraq of Saddam Hussein in 1991 in Gulf War , and Invasion of Iraq of 2003 by General Tommy Franks .
Queen Alexandra ' s 2nd ( Wellington West Coast ) Mounted Rifles The Queen Alexandra ' s 2nd ( Wellington West Coast ) Mounted Rifles was formed on March 17 , 1911 . They were mobilised during the Great War as a squadron of the Wellington Mounted Regiment . They served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I and first saw action during the Battle of Gallipoli . As a part of the larger New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade ( of the ANZAC Mounted Division ) they went on to serve in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign . Between the Wars . In 1921 it became the 2nd New Zealand Mounted Rifles ( Queen Alexandra ' s Wellington West Coast ) and later still became Queen Alexandra ' s Mounted Rifles .
Siege of Prague The Siege of Prague was an unsuccessful attempt by a Prussian army led by Frederick the Great to capture the Austrian city of Prague during the Seven Years ' War . It took place in May 1757 immediately after the Battle of Prague . Despite having won that battle , Frederick had lost 14 , 300 dead , and his severely depleted force was not strong enough to assault Prague . Instead Frederick decided to besiege the city , hoping to force it into submission through lack of supplies . 40 , 000 Austrian troops were trapped in the city , though they were themselves not strong enough to consider launching a sortie . Frederick attempted to gain intelligence from within Prague by sending the criminal Christian Andreas Käsebier several times into the besieged city . An Austrian army led by the Count von Daun made a sudden march to the north , threatening Frederick ' s lines of supply , and he was forced to break off the siege and march to attack them . Frederick was defeated at the Battle of Kolín and his force was now too weak to contemplate continuing the Siege of Prague , and he was forced to withdraw from Bohemia entirely . It marked a high - water mark for the Prussians , as they would never hold so advantageous a position again and most of the remainder of the war would be fought on their own territory . In spite of this the Prussians attempted another invasion of Austrian territory the following year which culminated in a failed attempt to take Olomouc .
Technical Service Medal The Vietnam Technical Service Medal was a decoration of the Republic of Vietnam that was awarded between the years of 1964 and 1972 during the years of the Vietnam War . Also known as the " Republic of Vietnam Technical Service Honors Medal " , the Technical Service Medal was bestowed in two classes , one for issuance to commissioned officers and the other class for warrant officers and enlisted personnel . The award appeared as a propellered disc suspended from a blue - grey ribbon . The second class version contained two vertical red lines while the first class medal displayed an additional set of thin red lines down the center of the award ribbon . The award of the Technical Service Medal was open to both civilians and military personnel who had performed duties “ as technicians or of a technical nature ” and had demonstrated “ outstanding professional capacity , initiative , and devotion to duty ” . The decoration was therefore a “ behind - the - lines ” type of award , mainly awarded to those who were engaged in support and upkeep duties for units deployed to the front lines of the Vietnam War . The two classes of the Vietnam Technical Service Medal were denoted by a slight variation in the award ’ s ribbon bar , with the suspension medal for the decoration identical in both cases . The Vietnam Technical Service Medal was occasionally bestowed to foreigners , but not to the extent as other well known Vietnamese awards such as the Vietnam Gallantry Cross , Civil Actions Medal , and the Vietnam Campaign Medal . The Vietnam Technical Service Medal became obsolete upon the fall of South Vietnam in 1975 . The award is today only available from private dealers in military insignia .