naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Donald Kingaby Donald Ernest Kingaby DSO , AFC , DFM & Two Bars was a British flying ace of the Second World War . He was the only RAF pilot to be awarded the DFM three times . During an operational career of some 300 operations , Kingaby scored 21 air victories against enemy aircraft , as well as two shared kills , six probable kills and 11 damaged during the war . 14 . 5 of his kills came against the Messerschmitt Bf 109 . Biography . He was born in London on 7 January 1920 , a clergyman ' s son . Kingaby joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in April 1939 when 19 years old . In June 1940 , as a Sergeant Pilot , he joined No . 266 Squadron flying the Supermarine Spitfire Mark I . During the initial stages of the Battle of Britain he damaged two Junkers Ju 88 bombers and a Bf 110 fighter before being transferred to No . 92 Squadron , in September 1940 . A Bf 109 of 4 . / JG 26 was claimed on 30 September , while Kingaby claimed four enemy aircraft , ( three Bf 109 ' s ) in the second half of October . In November he shot down six Bf 109 ' s , four of them ( including 1 ' probable ' ) in a single day on 15 November . During 1941 RAF Fighter Command went onto the offensive with its fighter sweeps over occupied Europe . With 92 Squadron , Sgt Kingaby claimed a dozen more kills and was dubbed by the press the " 109 specialist " . In October 1941 he was commissioned as an officer and rested from operations . In March 1942 he was back on operations with No . 111 Squadron . That April , Kingaby joined No . 64 Squadron , with which he shot down another couple of German fighters . Later in the year Kingaby was posted to No . 122 Squadron as flight commander and then squadron commander . On 20 January 1943 Kingaby shot down " Unteroffizier " Helmut Peters of 6 " Staffel " " Jagdgeschwader 26 " ( JG 26 ) , who was killed in action . In March 1943 he was promoted to lead the " Hornchurch Wing " . After a rest period at Fighter Command HQ he was back as a wing leader in the summer of 1944 over the invasion beaches of France . His last kill was a share in a Bf 109 on 30 June , bringing his total to 21 . Kingaby served in the RAF until September 1958 , and eventually moved to the United States . Donald Kingaby died in Massachusetts on New Year ' s Eve 1990 .
Dassault Étendard VI The Dassault Étendard VI was a French prototype fighter aircraft initially developed as part of a NATO competition to find a standard fighter to serve amongst member air forces . Dassault took advantage of the fact that the French Air Force had issued a requirement around the same time for a new fighter - bomber and developed aircraft in parallel as variations of the same design concept for the two prospective customers . Originally designated Mystère XXVI , the aircraft was accepted as one of the entrants to be developed to prototype stage for a fly - off with competing designs . It fared well in test flights , but was out - performed by the Aeritalia G . 91 that was eventually selected as the winner of the competition . A further development of the Étendard concept , the Étendard IV was successfully developed for French Navy service .
Dogsbody A dogsbody , or less commonly dog robber in the Royal Navy , is a junior officer , or more generally someone who does drudge work . A rough American equivalent would be a " gofer , " a " grunt " or a " lackey " , History . The Royal Navy used dried pea s and eggs boiled in a bag ( pease pudding ) as one of their staple foods circa the early 19th century . Sailors nicknamed this item " dog ' s body " . In the early 20th century , junior officers and midshipmen who performed jobs that more senior officers did not want to do began to be called " dogsbodies " . The term became more common in non - naval usage ca . 1930 , referring to people who were stuck with rough work . Trivia . The term dogsbody has not always been derogatory , with a number of people deliberately using it as their callsign or handle . The most famous of these is probably Douglas Bader , who was an RAF fighter pilot during the Second World War .
Battle of Graveney Marsh The Battle of Graveney Marsh , which occurred on the night of 27 September 1940 in Kent , England , was the last action involving a foreign invading force to take place on mainland British soil . The fighting took place between the crew of a downed German Junkers Ju 88 bomber and a detachment of soldiers from the 1st Battalion London Irish Rifles in Seasalter . On 27 September , British Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane fighter planes from No . 66 and No . 92 Squadron RAF attacked what they recognized as a new variant of Junkers 88 over Faversham . An order had been issued to them to capture one such aircraft intact if possible . One of the bomber ' s engines had already been damaged by anti - aircraft fire during a raid on London and the Spitfires were able to destroy its remaining engine , forcing the pilot to make a crash landing on Graveney Marsh . When the London Irish Rifles arrived at the scene from their billet at the Sportsman Inn in nearby Seasalter , the four German crew members had unexpectedly armed themselves with machine guns from the aircraft and a submachine gun . After a heavy exchange of gunfire , during which one German airman was shot in the foot , the Germans surrendered to their opponents and were taken prisoner . Captain John Cantopher succeeded in disarming a demolition charge which enabled the bomber , which was equipped with a new and very accurate type of bombsight , to be captured for examination by British experts . The aircraft was taken to Farnborough Airfield where it was said to have " provided highly valuable information " . Cantopher was subsequently awarded the George Medal for his action . In September 2010 , the London Irish Rifles Regimental Association marked its 70th anniversary by unveiling a commemorative plaque at the Sportsman pub .
United States Army Volunteer Reserve Association The United States Army Volunteer Reserve Association is a volunteer organization unaffiliated with any military unit or reserve unit . The Los Angeles Times called it a " Phony Army unit " and referred to them as " faux military units " . The group was once very visible in parades and civil ceremonies , but politicians and the Reserve Association now stays on a low key . History . The group officially formed in 2006 , headquartering in Rosemead , California . Members could pay for various positions in the association , from $ 95 to become a sergeant to $ 335 for a lieutenant general . China . In 2010 , a member claimed to be a Chinese - American general , leading to the red carpet treatment and press coverage . Once Chinese officials investigated , it was discovered he was a kung fu teacher in Temple City , California . Army / Military Special Forces Reserves . The U . S . Army / Military Special Forces Reserves group split off from the Reserve Association in 2008 . It was operated by " Supreme Commander " Yupeng Deng and headquartered in Temple City , California , in what " looked much like a U . S . Army recruiting office . " Deng gave legitimate - looking papers to recruits and told some the papers could help them get out of a traffic ticket and they would eligible for military benefits . Members were flashing fake military IDs at traffic stops , and a taxi driver was arrested after attempting to use his fake ID to get out of a ticket . In April 2008 , Yupeng Deng was for 13 counts of theft by pretense , manufacturing deceptive government documents and counterfeiting a government seal . He was masquerading as a U . S . military reservist and preying on immigrants by promising that joining his group would give them an inroad to U . S . citizenship . Deng pled guilty in exchange for a three - year prison sentence . Paraphrasing the district attorney , the Los Angeles Times wrote " what made Deng ' s activities illegal was his taking money under false pretenses and promising recruits they would be fast - tracked to U . S . citizenship . "
USS LCT - 209 LCT - 209 was a Landing Craft Tank Mk V built by Bison Shipbuilding of Buffalo NY . The keel was laid in September 1942 and the vessel was launched in October 1942 . LCT - 209 served as part of Force O - 2 at Fox Green sector of Omaha Beach , Normandy , on D - Day , 6 June 1944 . The following is from an action report for that day , supplemented by personal recollections and a history of the 62nd Armored Field Artillery Battalion : Three officers and 39 enlisted men of the 62nd Armored Field Artillery Battalion with 1st Lieutenant Raymond D . French in command boarded at 1145 on 1 June 1944 . Sailed from Isle of Portland at 1430 on 5 June 1944 . Scheduled to land at Fox Green sector of Omaha Beach at H + 90 after firing artillery from 8000 yards off Colleville - sur - Mer in support of the 16th Regimental Combat Team , 1st Infantry Division prior to H hour . Commenced firing 105mm howitzers at 0600 . The landing attempt at 0800 was repelled by enemy fire . The vessel was hit by enemy fire while approaching the beach again at 0940 and retracted with one wounded by shrapnel . The vessel then stood by for an opportunity to beach until 1655 . All vehicles and Army personnel landed at 1705 . Vessel was also employed removing casualties from the beach . According to the action report , on D + 1 at 1947 , LCT - 209 towed LCT - 460 to the beach , assisted in beaching at 2008 , retracting , and towing LCT - 460 to the LST area . The report continues for four pages through 19 June 1944 . LCT - 209 was commanded by A . Hayes . Serving aboard was Navy Ensign Thomas F . O ' Shaughnessy Jr . Subsequent reports have LCT - 209 lost , grounding , 10 June due to weather and mechanical failure with the crew evacuated . Other reports , however , have it abandoned on 19 June near shore , with the boat repaired and returned to service , according to an endorsement to its action report . The boat is reported stricken from the Navy Register on 11 December 1944 .
Mark 17 torpedo The Mark 17 torpedo was a long - range , high - speed torpedo developed by the Naval Torpedo Station in Newport , Rhode Island and the Naval Research Laboratory in 1940 . Development efforts on the Mark 17 were halted in 1941 in favor of producing Mark 13 and Mark 15 torpedo es during World War II ; development resumed in 1944 . Production of the Mark 17 began before development was complete and though 450 units were manufactured before the war was over , none of these were used in combat . The Mark 17 was discontinued about 1950 .
Demosthenes Amos Chilingutila Brigadier Demosthenes Amos Chilingutila served as the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola , the armed wing of UNITA , from 1979 to January 1985 and again after October 1986 . Jonas Savimbi , the leader of UNITA , demoted Chilingutila for UNITA ' s military failures in the 1970s to Chief of Operations in 1985 . Alberto Joaquim Vinama succeeded Chilingutila until his death in a car accident in October 1986 . Chilingutila then regained his office .
920th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron The 920th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the Goose Air Defense Sector , Air Defense Command , stationed at Resolution Island Air Station , Northern Territories , Canada . It was inactivated on 1 November 1961 . The unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of North America .
Sukhoi Su - 17 ( 1949 ) The Sukhoi Su - 17 ( Aircraft R ) was a prototype Soviet fighter . The name was later reused for an entirely different fighter - bomber , see Sukhoi Su - 17 . Development . The Su - 17 was designed to closely match the theoretical TsAGI calculations for supersonic performance . The aircraft had a 50° swept wing fitted with air brakes and boosted controls . A unique feature was that in addition to an ejection seat , the entire nose section of the aircraft could separate from the rest of the airframe . The project was canceled with no flights due to ongoing difficulties with the development of the jet engine .
Ordnance QF 15 - pounder The Ordnance QF 15 pounder gun , commonly referred to as the " Ehrhardt " , was a modern German field gun purchased by Britain in 1900 as a stopgap measure to upgrade its field artillery to modern QF standards , while it developed its own alternative . This was precipitated by the experience of the British Army in South Africa during the Boer War , where its standard field gun , the BL 15 pounder , was out - performed by modern French and German field guns deployed by the Boers . It bore no relation to the BL 15 pounder or BLC 15 pounder , two other guns in British service at the time , other than a common shell . History . The gun as originally designed and supplied to Britain had a sprung telescoping trail to assist with recoil control , all - steel wheels , axle - tree seats and no shield . The British found the trail unsatisfactory in service , so they permanently pinned it in the closed position . The British also immediately replaced the original all - steel wheels with standard British wooden spoked wheels . It replaced the obsolete BL 12 pounder 6 cwt gun in Royal Horse Artillery service until the QF 13 pounder became available from 1904 . When the Territorial Force was formed in 1908 the guns were assigned to its cavalry units , known as Yeomanry . The axle - tree seats were removed as unnecessary because the gunners rode horses , and gun - shields were added . The modified carriage was designated Mk I + . This gun is the " 15 pounder " to which writers are referring in World War I if they are referring to RHA batteries of the Territorial Force , or Yeomanry . The other " 15 pounder " , the BLC 15 pounder , was an unrelated gun used by field artillery batteries of the Territorial Force , although it was also issued to some second line RHA batteries raised in 1914 . Combat service . The gun was used by Royal Horse Artillery batteries of Territorial Force cavalry units ( Yeomanry ) early in World War I , most notably in the campaign in Egypt against the Senussi by A Battery Honourable Artillery Company and the Nottinghamshire Battery of the RHA . B Battery of Honourable Artillery Company and Berkshire Battery , RHA were in action with these guns in the recapture of Sheik Othman ( key to the water supply to Aden ) from the Turks on 20 July 1915 , part of the Aden campaign . From 1916 the QF 15 pounder was replaced by the modern 13 pounder and 18 pounder . Ammunition . 54 , 000 complete rounds ( i . e . shell , fuze , cartridge ) of German design and manufacture were originally supplied with the guns . These were replaced by British manufactures when used up . The following diagrams show British - made ammunition available in World War I .
St . Mihiel American Cemetery and Memorial The St . Mihiel American Cemetery and Memorial is located at the west edge of Thiaucourt ( Meurthe - et - Moselle ) , France . Cemetery . The cemetery , in extent , contains the graves of 4 , 153 of American military dead from World War I . The majority of these died in the offensive that resulted in the reduction of the St . Mihiel salient that threatened Paris . The burial area is divided by Linden alignment trees and paths into four equal plots . At the center is a large sundial surmounted by an American eagle . To the right ( west ) is a statue of a World War I soldier and at the eastern end is a semi - circular overlook dominated by a sculpture representing a victory vase . Memorial . Beyond the burial area to the south is the white stone memorial consisting of a small chapel , a peristyle with a large rose - granite funeral urn at its center , and a map building . The chapel contains a beautiful mosaic portraying an angel sheathing his sword . On two walls of the museum are recorded the names of 284 of the missing . Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified . On the wall facing the door is a large map of inlaid marble depicting the St . Mihiel Offensive . Escorts are on hand to guide relatives to grave and memorial sites .
Josef Bregenzer Josef Franz Bregenzer ( 12 June 1909 – 16 July 1944 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . External links .
USS Pennsylvania R . R . No . 9 ( SP - 679 ) USS " Pennsylvania R . R . No . 9 " ( SP - 679 ) , also known as USS " Penn R . R . No . 9 " ( SP - 679 ) and USS " P . R . R . No . 9 " ( SP - 679 ) , was a United States Navy armed tug and minesweeper in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Pennsylvania R . R . No . 9 " was built as a commercial tug of the same name by William R . Trigg at Richmond , Virginia , in 1904 . She also was listed as " Penn R . R . No . 9 " and " P . R . R . No . 9 " . In September 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , the Pennsylvania Railroad , for use during World War I . Delivered to the Navy on 18 September 1917 and assigned the section patrol number 679 , she was commissioned on 22 September 1917 as USS " Pennsylvania R . R . No . 9 " ( SP - 679 ) , being listed also as USS " Penn R . R . No . 9 " and USS " P . R . R . No . 9 " . After fitting out , " Pennsylvania R . R . No . 9 " took up tug and minesweeping duties in New York Harbor for the rest of World War I and for several weeks after its conclusion . " Pennsylvania R . R . No . 9 " was returned to the Pennsylvania Railroad on 2 January 1919 , having remained active in naval service until that day .
SOCATA TBM The SOCATA TBM 700 and TBM 850 are high performance single engine turboprop light business and utility aircraft manufactured by SOCATA . The TBM 700 was offered until 2006 , when the TBM 850 was introduced . Design and development . In the early 1980s , the Mooney Airplane Company of Kerrville , Texas designed a six - seat pressurised light aircraft powered by a single 360 hp ( 268 kW ) piston engine , the Mooney 301 , which made its maiden flight on 7 April 1983 . Mooney was purchased by French owners in 1985 , which resulted in talks between Mooney and the French company Socata to build a turboprop derivative of the 301 . The result of these discussions was the TBM 700 , which was much heavier than the 301 with more than twice the power , with a joint venture , TBM International , being set up in June 1987 between Mooney and Socata ' s parent company Aérospatiale to design and build the new aircraft . In the designation TBM , " TB " stands for Tarbes , the city in France in which Socata is located , the " M " stands for Mooney . The TBM 700 is a single turboprop engined , six to seven seat low - wing monoplane of mainly aluminium and steel construction , but with the tail surfaces built of Nomex honeycomb . It has a retractable tricycle landing gear and is powered by a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A - 64 engine delivering 700 shp ( 522 kW ) . The first prototype TBM 700 made its maiden flight on 14 July 1988 , with French certification following on 31 January 1990 and US Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA ) certification achieved on 28 August 1990 . It was planned that two production lines be set up , one at Kerrville to cater for the American market and the other at Socata ' s factory at Tarbes to build aircraft for the rest of the world . A shortage of money resulted in Mooney withdrawing from the project in May 1991 . The TBM 700 also comes in a cargo variant . The TBM 850 is the production name for the TBM 700N , an improved version with the more powerful Pratt & Whitney PT6A - 66D engine flat rated at 850 shp ( 634 kW ) . The TBM 850 is limited to 700 shp ( 522 kW ) for takeoff and landing , but in cruise flight the engine power can be increased to 850 shp ( 634 kW ) . This extra power gives it a higher cruising speed than the TBM 700 models , especially at high altitudes ( due to the flat - rating ) . The outside appearance of the TBM 850 has remained the same as that of the TBM 700 . The TBM 850 has a typical range of . As of the summer of 2009 , over 520 TBMs have been produced . The manufacturer expects to produce 450 units in the 2007 – 16 time period . Beginning with the 2008 model , the TBM 850 is equipped with the Garmin G1000 integrated flight deck as standard equipment . Operators . This list does not include most operators .
James R . Gillenwater James Robert Gillenwater ( October 28 , 1871 – January 19 , 1946 ) was a Corporal with Company A , 36th Infantry , United States Volunteers when he received the Congressional Medal of Honor for actions near Porac , Luzon , Philippine Islands , September 3 , 1899 . Date of issue : March 1 , 1902 . He was born and entered service at Rye Cove , Virginia . He died January 19 , 1946 and is buried in Highland Cemetery Rogersville , Tennessee . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , Company A , 36th Infantry , U . S . Volunteers . Place and date : Near Porac , Luzon , Philippine Islands , September 3 , 1899 . Entered service at : Rye Cove , Va . Birth : Rye Cove Va . Date of issue : March 1 , 1902 . Citation : While on a scout drove off a superior force of insurgents and with the assistance of 1 comrade brought from the field of action the bodies of 2 comrades , 1 killed and the other severely wounded .
Battle of Thompson ' s Station The Battle of Thompson ' s Station was a battle of the American Civil War , occurring on March 5 , 1863 in Williamson County , Tennessee . In a period of relative inactivity following the Battle of Stones River , a reinforced Union infantry brigade , under Col . John Coburn , left Franklin to reconnoiter south toward Columbia . Four miles from Spring Hill , Coburn attacked with his right wing , a Confederate Army force composed of two regiments ; he was repelled . Then , Maj . Gen . Earl Van Dorn seized the initiative . Brig . Gen . W . H . " Red " Jackson ' s dismounted 2nd Division made a frontal attack , while Brig . Gen . Nathan Bedford Forrest ' s division swept around Coburn ' s left flank , and into his rear . After three attempts , characterized by hard fighting , Jackson carried the Union hilltop position as Forrest captured Coburn ' s wagon train and blocked the road to Nashville in his rear . Out of ammunition and surrounded , Coburn surrendered , along with all but two of his field officers . Union influence in Middle Tennessee subsided for a while . Van Dorn and Forrest received help with their victory from an unlikely participant . Miss Alice Thompson , age 17 at the time , was visiting the residence of Lieutenant Banks . The Third Arkansas Cavalry regiment was advancing through the yard , lost their Colonel ( Samuel G . Earle ) , their color bearer and the regiment was thrown into disorder . Miss Alice Thompson rushed out , raised the flag and led the regiment to victory . The enemy lauded her action .
2 / 43rd Battalion ( Australia ) The 2 / 43rd Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army . Raised in July 1940 in South Australia as part of the 24th Brigade , the unit saw service in the Middle East in 1941 – 42 , taking part in the fighting at Tobruk and El Alamein before returning to Australia early in 1943 . In 1943 – 44 they fought in New Guinea against the Japanese . Their final campaign was in Borneo in June 1945 . Following the end of the war , the battalion was disbanded in February 1946 .