naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Norman Harvey Norman Harvey VC ( 6 April 1899 – 16 February 1942 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He re - enlisted in World War II and was killed in action . Early life . Harvey was born 6 April 1899 to Charles William and Mary Harvey . He married Nora Osmond . World War I . Harvey was 19 years old , and a Private in the 1st Battalion , The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers , British Army during the First World War when on 25 October 1918 at Ingoyghem , Belgium , he performed a deed for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross : World War II . Harvey enlisted into the Royal Engineers in 1939 and joined 199 Railway Workshop Company . He was promoted to Company Quartermaster - Sergeant in April 1941 . He was killed in action , near Haifa , Mandatory Palestine ( now Israel ) on 16 Feb 1942 . Victoria Cross . Harvey ' s Victoria Cross is displayed at the Regimental Museum of The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers , Enniskillen , Northern Ireland .
AGM - 131 SRAM II The SRAM II ( Short - Range Attack Missile ) was a nuclear air - to - surface missile intended as a replacement for the AGM - 69 SRAM , but it was cancelled by President George H . W . Bush for geopolitical reasons just as the first flight - test missile was delivered . The mission of the SRAM family is to deliver the warhead to the target without the need for the penetrating bomber to directly overfly the target . The SRAM family of weapons had an extremely small radar signature and were near - impossible to counter . SRAM ensured the airborne leg of the US nuclear triad ( the others being land - based ICBM s and SLBM ) and was the penetrating airlaunched strategic nuclear weapon for the B - 1 Lancer and B - 2 Spirit . In 1977 , the USAF planned to develop an upgrade of the SRAM for the forthcoming B - 1A bomber as AGM - 69B SRAM B . When the B - 1A was cancelled in 1978 , the AGM - 69B was dropped , too . After the resurrection of the B - 1 program ( as B - 1B ) in 1981 , it was decided to develop an entirely new weapon , the SRAM II . In 1986 , Boeing was finally awarded a development contract for the AGM - 131A SRAM II . The AGM - 131A was planned to have only about 2 / 3 the size of an AGM - 69A , so that 36 missiles could be carried by the B - 1B , as compared to 24 AGM - 69As . The final design of the SRAM II ended up with the " II " version roughly equal to the " A " version in size and about 80 % of the weight . One new feature of SRAM II was a lighter , simpler , and more reliable two - pulse solid rocket motor designed by Hercules for increased range and age stability . The SRAM II was slated to use the newly developed W89 thermonuclear warhead , which being much newer , was also much safer to operate than the W - 69 of the AGM - 69 . The W89 had a 200 kiloton design yield , Initial Operational Capability for the AGM - 131A was planned for 1993 , but before flight tests could take place , the program was cancelled in 1991 . SRAM - T . The SRAM II air vehicle was also the basis for a tactical nuclear variant - the SRAM T which employed a different warhead , the W91 thermonuclear warhead and was to be carried by the F - 15E . Cancellation . Both SRAM II and SRAM T were cancelled in September 1991 by President George H . W . Bush , along with the W89 and W91 warheads . Stated reasons were political ( nuclear arms reduction in the face of a disintegrating Soviet Union ) and technical difficulties with the rocket motor .
Charles Learmonth Charles Cuthbertson Learmonth DFC & Bar ( 2 May 1917 – 6 January 1944 ) was an officer in the Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) during World War II . He commanded No . 22 Squadron in combat during the New Guinea campaign , and subsequently took over No . 14 Squadron which was stationed near Perth , Western Australia . He was killed in a flying accident on 6 January 1944 , and one of the RAAF ' s bases was later named in his honour . Death . On 6 January 1944 , Learmonth led a formation of three No . 14 Squadron Bristol Beaufort s on an exercise off Rottnest Island with ships of the US Navy . At a height of and about north - west of Rottnest Island his Beaufort began to shake violently . The Australian - built Beauforts were plagued by a mysterious problem that had destroyed over 90 aircraft and killed many crews , including many under training at RAAF East Sale . Learmonth recognised that the violent shaking was driven by the tail of his aircraft and he called Flight Lieutenant Ken Hewitt , the pilot of one of the other Beauforts , to fly in close and observe his tail . Hewitt could see the control rod to the elevator trim tab on Learmonth ’ s Beaufort , hanging down . It had separated from the tab , allowing the tab and elevator to oscillate and drive the violent shaking of the whole aircraft . Learmonth used his radio to advise the crews of the other two Beauforts what he was observing . Shortly afterwards , the trim tab flicked to the extreme up position , over - powering Learmonth and forcing the aircraft to descend rapidly . After less than a minute Learmonth ’ s Beaufort crashed into the sea , killing Learmonth and his three crew members . The wireless operator on one of the other Beauforts reported sighting a parachute on the surface of the water . With the information obtained from Learmonth ’ s radio commentary the problem plaguing the Australian - built Beauforts was traced to a component in the elevator trim tab actuating unit . All the RAAF Beauforts were grounded until they were modified to eliminate the problem . Learmonth is credited with supplying the vital information that was necessary to identify the problem and eventually solve it . A secret World War II landing field at Exmouth Gulf , Western Australia , known only by the code - name " Potshot , " was eventually developed into a permanent military base and named RAAF Learmonth in honour of Wing Commander Charles Learmonth .
5th South Carolina Regiment The 5th South Carolina Regiment was raised on February 22 , 1776 at Charleston , South Carolina for service with the Continental Army . The regiment saw action at the Siege of Savannah . The regiment was merged into the 1st South Carolina Regiment on February 11 , 1780 . See also . 1st South Carolina Regiment
Osman Pamukoğlu Osman Pamukoğlu ( born December 27 , 1947 ) is a retired major general of the Turkish Army and politician who founded the Rights and Equality Party . He is known for his achievements on the operations against the PKK between 1993 and 1995 , as the commander of Hakkari Mountain and Commando Brigade . He holds the title of being only general in Turkish Army honored with 5 medals of " Establishment of Superior Troops " . He also received two medals of High Courage and Sacrifice and other less significant awards during his service . On July 28 , 2008 , he declared a statement on his personal website about the state of the circumstance in which Turkey was , and guiding principles and promised actions of the party . HEPAR was established within the following period of 36 days .
Jock Cunningham Jock Cunningham ( 1903 – 1984 ) was a British volunteer in the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War . He became a battalion and brigade commander . Born in Coatbridge , Scotland , he lived at 77b Whifflet Street , Whifflet , Coatbridge . Cunningham was imprisoned for participating in a mutiny of the Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders . He led an unemployed march to Brighton in 1933 . He worked as a miner . After going to Spain he served in several units : the Commune de Paris and the No . 1 Company of the British Battalion . He joined the Machine - Gun Company of Commune de Paris Battalion , XI International Brigade in November 1936 . Member of No . 1 Company XIV International Brigade at Lopera . The small 34 - year - old played a key role in the February 1937 Battle of Jarama . In order to fight at Jarama one report says that he " left hospital with a fever to go and fight " . He was wounded in January ' 37 at Los Rozas . Along with Frank Ryan he rallied the remnants of the British battalion in a defensive action which held the line outside Madrid , thereby blocking Franco ' s attempt to seize the capital . One of the principal military actions of the war , it cost the battalion nearly 500 of the 600 men who had fought . Cunningham was hospitalised from March 15 until May 1937 after which he was promoted to Captain . He was sent back to Britain in August 1937 and didn ' t return to Spain . < br >
Eritrean Liberation Front The Eritrean Liberation Front was the main independence movement in Eritrea which sought Eritrea ' s independence from Ethiopia during the 1960s and 1970s . In the very late 1950s unorganized political movement seeking independence was secretly active as small cells . And in July 1960 , the ELF was openly established in Cairo by Idris Muhammad Adam and other Eritrean intellectuals and students . In 1961 Hamid Idris Awate formed the armed wing of the ELF and declared the armed struggle for independence . Led by Awate , the ELF came into violent conflict with the government on September 1 , 1961 , using guerrilla war tactics to continue the struggle . Though the movement posed great problems for the Ethiopian government and army , it was also facing internal political conflicts in the very late 1960s . In the 1970s , a group of its members split the movement and formed the Eritrean People ' s Liberation Front , a more left - wing rebel movement . By the 1980s , the People ' s Liberation Front had replaced the original Eritrean Liberation Front as the main rebel group . When Eritrea did gain independence in the early 1990s , the People ' s Liberation Front changed into the People ' s Front for Democracy and Justice with the addition of former ELF members while the balance became a small rebel group in the nether reaches of the Sudan . The ELF had a meeting in 1995 in Gondar , Ethiopia which has shown the differences of view between the founders of ELF ( Ahmed Mohammed Nasser , Hiruy Tadla Bayru ) and the new leaders ( Siyoum Ogbamichael , Hussein Kelifah and Weldeyesus Ammar ) . The contemporary ELF is a member of the umbrella opposition alliance in Eritrea , the Eritrean National Alliance . They are apparently now receiving military support from Ethiopia and from the interim government of Somalia based at Baidoa .
Joint Helicopter Support Unit The Joint Helicopter Support Unit ( JHSU ) was a joint organisation of the British Army and the Royal Air Force , located in RAF Odiham . Formation . It was formed in July 1982 , following the introduction of the Chinook HC MK1 Helicopter . Personnel were drawn from the Royal Corps of Transport ( RCT ) and Royal Army Ordnance Corps ( RAOC ) ( both now amalgamated into the Royal Logistic Corps ( RLC ) ) and the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) . The JHSU became the Joint Helicopter Support Squadron ( JHSS ) following its merger with the RAF Mobile Air Operations Team ( RAF MAOT ) in Sept 2009 .
USS Copahee ( CVE - 12 ) The USS " Copahee " ( CVE - 12 ) was a that served in the United States Navy during World War II . Originally classified AVG - 12 , was changed to ACV - 12 , 20 August 1942 ; CVE - 12 , 15 July 1943 ; and CVHE - 12 , 12 June 1955 . She was laid down on 18 June 1941 , as " Steel Architect " , under Maritime Commission contract ( hull 169 ) in Tacoma , Washington by Todd Pacific Shipyards , launched 21 October 1941 ; sponsored by Mrs . W . M . Wells ; acquired by the United States Navy on 8 February 1942 ; and commissioned 15 June 1942 , Commander J . G . Farrell in command . Service history . Sailing from Alameda 5 September 1942 , " Copahee " arrived at Nouméa 28 September with her cargo of planes , stores and passengers . From 7 October to 11 October , she cruised toward Guadalcanal to launch 20 marine fighter planes for Henderson Field , then returned to San Diego , California 29 October for overhaul . After training at Pearl Harbor , " Copahee " sailed from San Diego 25 February 1943 to begin transport duty carrying aircraft , aviation stores and personnel to the forward bases in the New Hebrides , Fijis , and New Caledonia as well as islands in the Hawaiian chain until 7 June 1943 . Between 2 September 1943 and 19 January 1944 , she made two voyages to deliver aircraft at Townsville and Brisbane , Australia , and one to Pearl Harbor . She sailed from San Diego 10 April to ferry aircraft from Pearl Harbor to Majuro until 3 June , when she began supporting the Marianas operation by supplying replacement pilots and aircraft to carriers of the 5th Fleet . On 28 July 1944 , she returned to San Diego , California with a load of captured Japanese planes ( 13 Mitsubishi A6M Zeros and 1 Nakajima B5N " Kate " ) and equipment ( 37 engines ) to be used for intelligence and training purposes . After overhaul , " Copahee " returned to transport duty . Until the end of the war she made six voyages from Alameda , carrying her vital cargo to Manus , Majuro , Guam , Saipan , and Pearl Harbor . From 6 September to 21 December 1945 , she operated in " Magic Carpet " duty , returning homeward - bound servicemen from Saipan , Guam , Eniwetok , and the Philippines to the west coast . She returned to Alameda 21 December 1945 , and was decommissioned and placed in reserve at Tacoma , Washington , 5 July 1946 . " Copahee " was redesignated as a helicopter escort carrier ( CVHE - 12 ) on 12 June 1955 . Stricken for disposal on 1 March 1959 , " Copahee " was sold for scrap in 1961 . Awards . " Copahee " received one battle star for World War II service . References .
USS Chillicothe ( 1862 ) USS " Chillicothe " was an iron - clad river gunboat of the United States Navy . She was named for the capital of Ohio from 1803 to 1810 . " Chillicothe " was laid down at Cincinnati , Ohio . She was commissioned on 5 September 1862 at Jeffersonville , Indiana , with Acting Lieutenant J . P . Sanford in command . Necessary alterations and repairs and lack of sufficient water to pass over the falls detained her in the Ohio River until early January 1863 . Service history . From 8 January 1863 , when she sailed from Cairo , Illinois , until the end of the American Civil War , " Chillicothe " was constantly employed in the Mississippi River and its tributaries . She joined in the expeditions to the White River in Arkansas in January 1863 and contributed to the capture of Fort Hindman , Arkansas . She then joined the Yazoo Pass Expedition , from 20 February to 10 April . Coming under enemy ' s fire with in the Yazoo expedition , " Chillicothe " was heavily damaged and lost several men . She was sent to Mound City , Illinois , for repairs and returned to duty on the Mississippi River on 6 September 1863 . On 24 February 1864 she entered the Red River for the expedition of 7 March to 15 May in which her commanding officer , Lieutenant Joseph P . Couthouy , was mortally wounded by rifle fire on 3 April . From 22 May 1864 until 26 May 1865 she lay off Fort Adams , Mississippi , on 8 June 1864 assisting in the capture of a Confederate battery at Simmesport , Louisiana . " Chillicothe " arrived at Cairo , Illinois , on 13 July 1865 , and on 29 November 1865 was sold at auction at Mound City , Illinois . As a civilian - owned ship , she was destroyed by fire in September 1872 .
Operation Bushmaster Operation Bushmaster was the use of infantry units to supplement Military Police patrols of areas surrounding the Panama Canal and other American installations in Panama during the period of tension that culminated in the US Invasion of Panama . These patrols began in December 1987 as a response to increased criminal activity during the period before the American invasion .
Fort Pike Fort Pike is a decommissioned 19th century fort , named after Brigadier General Zebulon Montgomery Pike , which formerly guarded the Rigolets pass in Louisiana . It was near the community of Petite Coquille , Louisiana , and now within the city limits of New Orleans , and was long a tourist attraction . It was damaged by the Hurricane Katrina storm surge in 2005 . The fort was built in 1818 to guard against British reinvasion of the United States . It came under the control of the Louisiana Continental Guard in 1861 , just weeks before Louisiana joined the Confederacy . The Union reclaimed the fort in 1862 while resident troops were engaged at the Battle of Vicksburg . The fort was abandoned in 1890 , and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972 . Despite having changed hands multiple times in a history spanning at least two major wars , no cannon was ever fired in battle at Fort Pike . Fort Pike , along with the slightly smaller Fort Macomb , are the only two forts in the country that still have their citadels intact . Before Hurricane Katrina , the fort ' s brick - and - mortar structure was decaying . The storm surge exacerbated the problems , temporarily completely submerging the entire fort , and destroyed adjacent state park buildings . The site officially reopened on May 2 , 2008 . However , due to damage caused by Hurricane Gustav in early September 2008 , the park was closed indefinitely . As of June 2009 the fort was open and was undergoing extensive repairs and restoration work . After Hurricane Isaac , the fort once again was closed indefinitely pending repairs and debris cleanup . The fort has now been re - opened for visitors and serves as a onsite lesson in the History of the U . S . It is also reported ( via NPS signposts ) that Seminole Indian prisoners were kept here after being captured , and before being sent further west .
Colorado World War II Army Airfields Colorado World War II Army Airfields were major United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) training centers for pilots and aircrews . During World War II these Colorado airfields were under the command of Third Air Force or the Army Air Forces Training Command ( AAFTC ) ( A predecessor of the current - day United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command ) . However the other USAAF support commands ( Air Technical Service Command ( ATSC ) ; Air Transport Command ( ATC ) or Troop Carrier Command ) commanded a significant number of airfields in a support roles . It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields . Many were converted into municipal airports , some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front - line bases during the Cold War . Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today , and are being used for other purposes . The Colorado Aviation Historical Society ( CAHS ) has an aviation archaeology ( AvAr ) program that includes document research , site investigation , data gathering , and archiving of the history of these USAAF fields , as well as other abandon airfields throughout Colorado . AvAr researches , investigates , and archives the history and findings of military , commercial , and general aviation crash sites . It also includes old Lowry missile silos , and old navigational beacon . Major Airfields . Army Air Forces Flying Training Command ( 1942 ) Air Technical Service Command Second Air Force
132nd Ohio Infantry The 132nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry ( or 132nd OVI ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 132nd Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Chase in Columbus , Ohio and mustered in May 15 , 1864 for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Joel Haines . The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade , 3rd Division , X Corps , Army of the James . The 132nd Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at Columbus , Ohio on September 10 , 1864 . Detailed service . Left Ohio for Washington , D . C . , May 22 . In camp near Fort Albany until May 30 . Embarked at Alexandria , Virginia , for White House , Virginia , May 30 . Fatigue duty at White House , Virginia until June 11 . Moved to Bermuda Hundred , Virginia , June 11 . Fatigue and picket duty at Bermuda Hundred until August 12 . Moved to Norfolk , Virginia , August 12 ; then to Washington , D . C . , August 27 , and arrived at Columbus , Ohio , August 30 . Ohio National Guard . Over 35 , 000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864 . Shipped to the Eastern Theater , they were designed to be placed in " safe " rear areas to protect railroads and supply points , thereby freeing regular troops for Lt . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant ’ s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond , Virginia . As events transpired , many units found themselves in combat , stationed in the path of Confederate Gen . Jubal Early ’ s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864 . Ohio Guard units met the battle - tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington , D . C . from capture . Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy , Fort Stevens , Harpers Ferry , and in the siege of Petersburg . Casualties . The regiment lost 47 men during service ; 2 enlisted men killed , 45 enlisted men due to disease .
Seymour Burr Seymour Burr ( 1754 / 1762 – 1837 ) was an African - American slave in the Connecticut Colony in the North American British Colonies and United States . Owned by the brother of Colonel Aaron Burr , who was also named Seymour , he was known only as Seymour ( sometimes spelled Seymore ) until he escaped and used the surname Burr to enlist in the British Army in the early days of the American Revolution . The British promised the personal freedom of any African - American slave who enlisted or escaped to fight against the Continental Army , and Burr wanted more than anything to be free . However , he was quickly captured and forcibly returned to his owner . His owner , fearing that Seymour would escape again , offered him a different bargain : if Seymour would pay his owner the enlistment bounty given to him by the British and serve instead in the Continental Army , he would be given his freedom at the end of his military service . Military service . On the fifth of April 1781 , Seymour enlisted in the Connecticut Seventh Regiment , led by Colonel John Brooks . He fought at Bunker Hill and Fort Catskill , and suffered through the long winter at Valley Forge and his nickname was " Seacracker " . Freedom and Marriage . After his service he was given his freedom . Then in 1805 he married a widow , Mary ( Will ) Wilbore , daughter of Nuff Will and Sarah Moho ( Mohho ) , a Native American woman of the Ponkapoag tribe , and settled in what is now Canton , Massachusetts . In marrying her , he inherited the of land owned by her previous husband , Jacob Wilbor . He also collected a government pension for his military service . The couple had two daughters : Polly ( Burr ) Croud and Sally ( Sarah ) . Both of his daughters died in Cambridge , Mass . Several descendants of Seymour Burr still live in Boston , Mass . Birth . There is conflicting information regarding his birth . Some citations list him as born in Connecticut , possibly of mixed - race parentage , others claim he was born in Guinea , Africa , captured at age seven , and was possibly of royal birth . His enlistment documents list his age as both 20 and 28 , which places his birth in either 1754 or 1762 . Death . Seymour Burr died on February 17 , 1837 , and was buried in an unmarked grave in the Canton Corner , Canton , Mass . , or at the graveyard at Burr Lane , Canton , Mass .