naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ludwig von Henk Ludwig von Henk ( March 4 , 1820 , Anklam – October 17 , 1894 ) was a German naval officer , who distinguished himself in the Prussian Navy and later in the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire . He retired as a Vice - Admiral . Henk was born in Anklam , Province of Pomerania . He began his career in merchant ships , making journeys to Brazil , the Mediterranean , and the Black Sea . In 1844 , he was promoted to Captain . After the establishment of the Prussian Navy in 1849 , he entered as an auxiliary officer , becoming a " Kapitänleutnant " in 1855 and a " Korvettenkapitän " in 1859 . In 1861 he went to Berlin as the head of the Hydrographic Bureau in the Prussian War Ministry . In 1865 , he became captain of the steam corvette " Nymphe " , which was sent to the Mediterranean . During the Austro - Prussian War of 1866 , Henk was commander of the Prussian North Sea Fleet , and in 1867 was promoted to the rank of Post - Captain [ " Kapitän zur See " ] . In the Franco - Prussian War , he commanded the armored frigate " König Wilhelm " and after war ' s end became commander of the North Sea naval station . In 1872 , he was promoted to flag rank as a Rear Admiral , and was ordered to Berlin as Director of the Admiralty , where he remained until July 1879 . During this time he was promoted further ( 1877 ) to Vice Admiral , and the following year was raised to the hereditary peerage . He retired in 1879 and was given a pension . Between 1890 and 1893 , Henk served in the Reichstag as a member of the German Conservative Party , representing the electoral district of Ueckermünde - Wollin . He died in Berlin .
TN 61 The TN 61 was a French nuclear warhead . It was a lighter weight version of the TN 60 warhead and quickly replaced it in service on the M20 SLBM s on the Redoutable class SSBN s . The TN 61 was also used on the SSBS S3D IRBM missiles . The 1 to 1 . 2 megaton yield weapon was in service between 1977 and 1991 .
3rd Air Army 3rd Air Army ( 3 VA ) was an Air Army of the Soviet Armed Forces during the Second World War . It was formed May 16 , 1942 in accordance with a People ' s Commissariat for Defence order of 5 May 1942 on the basis of the Air Forces of the Kalinin Front . Combat path . The formation ' s combat path began in July 1942 during a defensive operation in the town of Bely , Tver Oblast , then participated in Rzhev - Sychevskaya and in the Luki operation . In February 1943 a number of its formations supported the troops of the North - Western Front in the liquidation of the Demyansk pocket . Later the Kalinin Front ( October 20 , 1943 renamed to 1st Baltic Front ) participated in the front Smolensk Nevel , Gorodok , Vitebsk , Belarusian and the Baltic Offensive s . In February 1945 and the direction of the Koenigsberg became operational command 1st Air Army 3rd Belorussian Front and participated in the East Prussian Offensive . On 5 May 1945 it was transferred to the operational command of the Leningrad Front and with 15th Air Army took part in the blockade of German forces in the Courland Peninsula . During the war 3VA flew over 200 , 000 sorties . It destroyed 4 , 000 enemy aircraft on the ground and in the air . Thousands of its soldiers were awarded orders and medals , many of the pilots and navigators the title Hero of the Soviet Union and Ivan Pavlov and Alexei S . Smirnov won the title twice . Composition . The Combat Composition of the Soviet Army for 1 June 1942 shows the 3rd Air Army with the 209th , 210th Fighter Aviation Divisions ( иад ) , the 211th and 212th Mixed Aviation Divisions , the 684th and 695th Lighter Bomber Aviation Regiments , the 195 , 708 , 881 , 882 , 883 , 884 , 885 , and 887th Mixed Aviation Regiments , and the 3rd Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron . By 1 April 1943 , 3rd Air Army was reported by Soviet official sources to comprise 1st Guards Fighter Aviation Corps ( 3rd and 4th Guards Fighter Aviation Divisions , including 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment ) , 1 шак ( 266 , 292 шад ) , 2 шак ( 231 , 232 шад ) , 2nd Fighter Aviation Corps ( иак ) ( 209 , 215 иад ) , 211 нбад , 80th Guards , 780th Bomber Aviation Regiments , 6th Guards , 230 , 280 шап , 11 рап , 887 шап , and 13 , 36 каэ .
Yoshitsugu Saitō Biography . A native of Tokyo , Saitō graduated from the 24th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1912 as a cavalry man . He served in combat very briefly at the very end of the Russo - Japanese War . He graduated from the 36th class of the Army Staff College in 1924 . He rose steadily through the ranks with various cavalry regiments in a largely undistinguished career . In 1938 , he became Chief of Staff of the IJA 5th Division , and was promoted to major general the following year when he was re - assigned to the Kwangtung Army as chief of cavalry operations . He became a lieutenant general in 1942 . In April 1944 , Saitō was appointed commander of the IJA 43rd Division at the time of its deployment to Saipan . As Japan had lost control of the sea lanes by this time in the Pacific War , the division suffered heavy casualties due to submarine attacks on its transports during the move . Saitō was overall commander of all Japanese forces on Saipan , although he had no actual combat experience , and was not even actually the senior Japanese officer on the island . Admiral Chuichi Nagumo , commander of the Central Pacific Area Fleet was also on the island , and was consulted frequently by Saitō . The Battle of Saipan began on 15 June 1944 . Without possibility of resupply , the situation was hopeless for the defenders , but Saito was determined to fight to the last man , as he was aware that the fall of Saipan would place the Japanese home islands within range of American strategic bomber s . The Japanese used the many caves in the volcanic landscape to delay the attackers , by hiding during the day and making sorties at night . The Americans gradually developed tactics for clearing the caves by using flamethrower teams supported by artillery and machine gun s . On July 6 , he called for a gyokusai saying roughly " Whether we attack or whether we stay where we are , there is only death . However , in death there is life . I will advance with you to deliver another blow to the american devils and leave my bones on Saipan as a fortress of the Pacific " . By 7 July , the Japanese had nowhere to retreat . Over Nagumo ' s objections , Saito made plans for a final suicidal banzai charge . On the fate of the remaining civilians on the island , Saitō said , " There is no longer any distinction between civilians and troops . It would be better for them to join in the attack with bamboo spears than be captured . " But by 16 : 15 on 9 July , American commander in chief Admiral Turner announced that Saipan was officially secured . Saitō , wounded by shrapnel , committed ritual suicide in a cave at dawn on 10 July , with his adjutant shooting him in the head after he had disemboweled himself . Saitō was cremated with gasoline by surviving compatriots and was given a funeral with military honors by Holland Smith .
Charles , Prince of Commercy Charles de Lorraine , Prince of Commercy , Count of Rosnay ( 11 July 1661 – 15 August 1702 ) , was a French field marshal of the Holy Roman Empire and a consultant of Eugene of Savoy . He became known after leading imperial troops in the Great Turkish War , in the Nine Years ' War , and the War of Spanish Succession . Life . Charles of Lorraine was born on 11 July 1661 in Bar - le - Duc , a small town in the Duchy of Lorraine . He came from an aristocratic family , which was part of the House of Lorraine . His father was Francis of Lorraine , Prince of Lillebonne , who was a cavalry commander in the French army . His mother was Anne of Lorraine , who was the daughter of Charles IV , Duke of Lorraine . His paternal grandmother was Catherine Henriette de Bourbon , daughter of Henry IV of France . He had eight brothers and sisters . Three of them lived to adulthood , his two sisters , Béatrice Hiéronyme de Lorraine and Elisabeth de Lorraine - Lillebonne , and his brother , John Francis . Commercy was never married and had no children . He died during the War of Spanish Succession in the Battle of Luzzara . Military career . Initially Charles of Lorraine joined the French army . In May 1684 , he abandoned the French army , in order to join the troops of the Holy Roman Empire . Commercy joined as a volunteer in the imperial forces in the Great Turkish War . In the beginning of the war he served as a consultant of Charles V , Duke of Lorraine , in his negotiations with Friedrich VII , Margrave of Baden - Durlach . In 1685 he took part in the siege of Nové Zámky , where he was injured . In the same year he was one of the commander in the second Battle of Buda ( 1686 ) , where he was also injured . On 11 October 1685 he was promoted to General Field Sergeant . On 23 November 1685 Emperor Leopold I granted him a personal guard of cuirassiers to reward him for his achievement during the Great Turkish War . In 1688 Charles of Lorraine was one the commanders during the siege of Belgrade . After the successful siege of the city he was promoted to Lieutenant - General . Commercy during those years became one of the most trusted lieutenants of Eugene of Savoy . After the outbreak of the Nine Years ' War , he went to Rhineland as a general of the Holy Roman Empire . In 1690 he defended the city of Mainz against the French army . In 1692 he was promoted to General of the Cavalry . In the same year he took part in the siege of Embrun , where he was injured , after being shot . On 12 May 1696 he was promoted to Field Marshal , which was the highest army rank . In 1701 he took part in the War of Spanish Succession as Field Marshal of Austria . He took part in the Battle of Carpi and in the Battle of Chiari on 1 September 1701 . On 1 February 1702 he was one of the commanders of the Austrian army during the Battle of Cremona . He died on 15 August 1702 during the Battle of Luzzara in Cremona , after being shot several times . Charles of Lorraine was buried in Nancy in the graveyard of the House of Lorraine .
Zhang Xiu ( Eastern Wu ) Zhang Xiu ( birth and death dates unknown ) , Shusi , was an official of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period . Life . Zhang Xiu was a son of Zhang Zhao , a statesman who served Wu ' s founding emperor Sun Quan and Sun Quan ' s elder brother and predecessor Sun Ce . After his father ' s death , he inherited the former ' s marquis title , " Marquis of Lou " ( 婁侯 ) , because his elder brother , Zhang Cheng , had already received another marquis title . When Zhang Xiu reached adulthood ( at around the age of 19 ) , he , along with Zhuge Ke , Gu Tan and Chen Biao , were appointed by Sun Quan as " zhongshuzi " s ( 中庶子 ; an aide to the crown prince ) to the heir apparent Sun Deng . They imparted their knowledge of the " Book of Han " to Sun Deng . As Zhang Xiu was not only precise and orderly in his teaching , but also casual and friendly , Sun Deng regarded him as a close friend and often invited him to attend feasts . Zhang Xiu was later reassigned to be a " Right Assistant Commandant " ( 右弼都尉 ) . Sun Quan frequently went on hunting excursions and returned late in the evening , so Zhang Xiu wrote a memorial to the emperor , urging him to have better time management . Sun Quan heeded Zhang Xiu ' s advice and even showed the article to Zhang Zhao . After Sun Deng died in 241 , Zhang Xiu became a " Palace Attendant " ( 侍中 ) and was commissioned as a " Commander of the Feathered Forest Corps of the Imperial Guards " ( 羽林都督 ) and was in charge of inspecting military affairs . He was later promoted to " General Who Spreads Martial Might " ( 揚武將軍 ) . In the 240s , a power struggle broke out between two of Sun Quan ' s sons — Sun He , who was designated as the new heir apparent after Sun Deng ' s death ; Sun Ba , the Prince of Lu . Zhang Xiu was a supporter of Sun He . In 241 , after Zhang Xiu returned from a battle against Wu ' s rival state , Cao Wei , at Quebei ( 芍陂 ) , the Wu general Quan Cong and his son Quan Ji ( 全寄 ) accused Zhang Xiu , Gu Tan and Gu Cheng of conspiring with an inspecting officer , Chen Xun ( 陳恂 ) , to make a false report about their achievements in the battle . Zhang Xiu and the Gus were exiled to Jiao Province . As Zhang Xiu previously had a feud with Sun Hong ( 孫弘 ) , the Director of the Imperial Secretariat , the latter used the opportunity to make further complains against Zhang , which resulted in Zhang being ordered to commit suicide by the Wu imperial court . Zhang Xiu was 41 years old ( by East Asian age reckoning ) when he died .
Sayyed Mahmud Khan In the 2nd regnal year 964 Hijri corresponding to 1557 CE he was appointed to chastise Haji Khan , a slave of Sher Shah Suri , who had taken possession of Ajmer and Nagaur ( present day Rajasthan ) , and was showing signs of rebellion . In the third year he was deputed to capture the fort of Jitaran in Jodhpur , which he won from the Rajputs . When Bairam Khan ' s affairs were upset , he joined the king ’ s service , and received Pargana of Sarwat ( present - day Muzaffarnagar ) as a fiefdom in Doab of the Ganges - Yamuna . In the seventh year on 16 May 1562 Adham Khan Koka , younger son of Maham Anga , overwhelmed with envy over Shams - ud - Din Ataga Khan , murdered Shams - ud - Din Ataga . Mun ' im Khan who had secretly instigated the crime , became panic stricken and attempted to flee to Kabul . En route to Kabul , when he was passing through the fief of Sayyid Mahmud Khan Barha at Sawat present day Muzaffar Nagar , Mun ' im Khan was captured by his men . Sayyid Mahmud Khan recognized him and took him back to the royal threshold with honour . Emperor Akbar pardoned him at the intercession of Mahmud Khan Barha . In the seventeenth year of Akbar ' s reign he went to Gujarat in attendance on Khan Kalan . Later , he was sent in pursue of Ibrahim Hussain Mirza . Afterwards when the emperor turned his persona attention to this affair , and immediately recalled the officers who had been sent , Mahmud Khan swiftly joined the emperor Akbar near Sarnal , a town in Gujarat , and distinguished himself . When the Mirza was defeated and retreated towards Agra , he with other officers was appointed to pursue him . In the eighteenth of Akbar ' s reign he was sent in advance with a number of officers to Gujarat , and when the emperor during his march reached Mirtha near Jodhpur , Rajasthan he joined the royal party . In the battle with Muhammad Hussain he and a few men formed the reserve , Sayid Mahmud took his place with a number of officers in the centre , and during the conflict advanced courageously beyond the centre , and fought bravely . In the end of the same year he with other Barha Saiyids and Saiyids of Amroha led an expedition against the territory of Madhukar Bundela of Orchha in Bundelkhand and conquered it . He died on 2 October 1573 and is buried at his ancestral place Mujhera in Muzaffarnagar district . His rank was four thousand personal ( Zat ) and two thousand horse ( sawar ) . He had six sons sayyid Hashim , sayyid Qasim , Sayyid Alim , Sayyid Salim , Sayyid Jahangir , and Sayyid Ali Asghar Styled Saif Khan Barha . All of his sons became prominent in Akbar and Jahangir ' s reign and were Mansabdar .
William Angus William Angus VC ( 28 February 1888 – 14 June 1959 ) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Angus was born at Polkemmet Rows , Cappers , Armadale . Early life . After leaving school he was employed as a miner but was able to find himself a place as a professional footballer at Celtic FC where he made only one appearance in the first team . Released in 1914 , he joined Wishaw Thistle , the club he was captaining when war was declared in August . As a member of local Territorial battalion of the Highland Light Infantry , he was mobilised immediately . First World War . Early in 1915 his HLI company was transferred to the 8th Royal Scots , the first Territorial battalion to join the Expeditionary Force . 8th Royal Scots had suffered a great many casualties and were in urgent need of replacements . He was serving as a lance - corporal in this battalion when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross . Victoria Cross . On 12 June 1915 at Givenchy - lès - la - Bassée , France , Lance - Corporal Angus voluntarily left his trench under very heavy bomb and rifle fire and rescued a wounded officer who was lying within a few yards of the enemy ' s position . The lance - corporal had no chance of escaping the enemy ' s fire when undertaking this gallant deed , and in effecting the rescue he received about 40 wounds , some of them being very serious . Aftermath . After the rescue he was taken to a military hospital in Boulogne - sur - Mer , where he learned of his award of the Victoria Cross . After 2 months in hospital he returned to London where he was given the Victoria Cross by King George V at Buckingham Palace on 30 August 1915 . After he had returned to Carluke , he was given a hero ' s welcome and became president of Carluke Rovers FC a position he held until his death in 1959 . He is buried at Wilton Cemetery , in Carluke at Lair 36 . Section O . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National War Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh Castle , Scotland .
USS Endurance ( AM - 435 ) USS " Endurance " ( AM - 435 / MSO - 435 ) ( aka " Citrus Juliette " ) was an " Aggressive " - class minesweeper acquired by the U . S . Navy for the task of removing mines from waters that had been placed there to prevent the safe passage of ships . The second ship to be named " Endurance " by the Navy , " AM - 435 " was launched 8 August 1952 by J . M . Martinac Shipbuilding Corp . , Tacoma , Washington ; sponsored by Miss Gerry A . Borovich ; and commissioned 19 May 1954 , Lieutenant L . E . Martin in command . She was reclassified " MSO - 435 " on 7 February 1955 . Pacific Ocean operations . On 21 April 1954 , " Endurance " arrived at Long Beach , California , her home port , and began training operations along the southern coast of California . In July 1955 she made a good will cruise to Acapulco , Mexico , returning to local duty on exercises , drills , and operations with ships of other types . " Endurance " made her first cruise to the Far East between August 1957 and February 1958 , during which she exercised with ships of the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force and the navy of the Republic of China . Her second tour of duty in the Far East , from January through July 1960 , included minesweeping exercises at Okinawa , and another period of assistance to the Chinese navy in developing their modern mine warfare techniques . Arriving at Long Beach on 19 July , the remainder of the year was given to operations and ship overhaul . On 13 Jun 1969 , in Subic Bay , Philippines , USS " Endurance " was accidentally rammed by a Royal Navy submarine , HMS " Rorqual " ( S02 ) with minor damage . " Endurance " was stricken 1 July 1972 and disposed of by Navy sale December 1973 .
Amisfield Tower Amisfield Tower is a well - preserved tower house near Tinwald , about north of Dumfries , in Dumfries and Galloway , south - west Scotland . The castle has also been known as Hempisfield Tower . History . There has probably been a stronghold on this site since the twelfth century , but the present tower was built by the Charteris family around 1600 . That family feuded with the Kilpatricks of Kirkmichael leading to the murder of Roger Kilpatrick in 1526 . The property passed to John Dalziel of Newton in 1636 . The Dalziels supported the Stuarts in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms , and captain Alexander Dalziel was executed as a royalist in 1650 . Description . Although the basic plan of Amisfield is a simple square with four stories and an attic , its richness in corbelling and turrets gives it a more romantic guise . Three corners have double - storeyed turrets while the fourth is decked . It has a steeply - pitched roof . These upper features are built in warm , red ashlar in contrast to the rubble walls below . As the tower was not built primarily for defence all of its shotholes are in the upper levels . From first floor to base of the tower there is a projecting stair - tower , round for two stories , corbelling out to the square turret above . The entrance is defended by a machicolation . Within the castle the rooms have fireplaces , and a painted border with lion faces in one room . The first floor hall has a garderobe and three windows . There is a vaulted basement , lit only by three gun - loops . An oak door from the tower , fashioned by a local craftsman , is on display in Edinburgh at the National Museum of Scotland . It depicts Samson tearing open the jaws of a lion , and with a shield bearing the Arms of Charteris and Herries and dated 1600 . Hubert Fenwick described Amisfield as “ simply marvellous ” , saying that it “ displays almost every Jacobean baronial conceit ” . There is a 17th century mansion that was doubled in size ca . 1803 immediately adjacent to the tower . The property is owned by the Johnstone family . Archaeological excavations in 2010 and 2011 have discovered the original tower house likely dates earlier than 1600 . Features . The corbelling is so - called billet - and - cable design , the stonework imitating logs and rope . The dormer windows adapted the old French form of bretèche . Dog - toothed motifs surround the armorial panels and some of the windows .
Ghaliyya al - Wahhabiyya Ghaliyya al - Wahhabiyya was an 18th - century Hanbali woman who led military resistance to prevent the Ottoman recapture of Mecca . She was from Tarba . She was given the title Amira , which is the female version of the title Emir , in recognition of her acts .