naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Albert Malet ( historian ) Albert Malet ( 3 May 1864 , Clermont - Ferrand - 25 September 1915 , Battle of Thélus , Pas de Calais ) was a French historian and author of scholarly textbooks , killed during the First World War . Life . Catholic , Republican and patriotic , he failed the entry exam for Saint - Cyr but passed the agrégation in history and geography in 1889 . He then worked in Paris as professor at the lycée Voltaire in 1897 . Albert was one of the founder members of the Société d ’ Histoire de la Révolution in 1904 . He moved to be professor at the Louis - le - Grand in 1914 . Recruited as a contributor to the monumental " Histoire Générale " , edited by Ernest Lavisse , he was then chosen to edit and direct a series of new textbooks under the school - programme reforms of 1902 . He published several such works for use in secondary schools : " L ' Antiquité - Orient - Grèce - Rome " ( in collaboration with Charles Maquet , 1902 ) , " Les Temps Modernes ( 1498 - 1789 ) " ( 1904 ) , " Le Moyen Âge et le commencement des Temps Modernes " ( 1903 - 1904 ) , " L ' époque contemporaine " ( 1905 ) , " Histoire de France et notions sommaires d ' histoire générale jusqu ' en 1610 " ( 1906 ) , " Histoire de France et notions sommaires d ' histoire générale de 1610 à 1789 " ( 1909 ) , " Histoire Moderne ( 1498 - 1715 ) " ( 1909 ) , " Histoire de France et notions sommaires d ' histoire générale jusqu ' à la Révolution " ( 1910 ) , " Histoire de France et notions sommaires d ' histoire générale depuis la Révolution jusqu ' en 1875 " ( 1911 ) , " XVIIIe siècle Révolution Empire ( 1715 - 1815 ) " ( 1914 ) , " XIXe siècle ( 1815 - 1900 ) " ( 1914 ) . These give high importance to military history and to teaching through examples . This collection of textbooks Malet had initiated was continued and expanded by Jules Isaac , who had become Malet ' s collaborator on them before the war on the initiative of Ernest Lavisse . Isaac introduced a more internationalist and neutral tone to the series , and passed it on to " les éditions Hachette " in 1923 . Although too old in 1914 to be mobilised , he joined up as a volunteer . As sous - lieutenant in the 63e régiment d ' infanterie , he was reported missing in the Artois offensive , in making an attack on Thélus on 25 September 1915 .
Bombardment of Almería The Bombardment of Almería was a naval action which took place on 31 May 1937 , during the Spanish Civil War . The " Kriegsmarine " bombed the city of Almeria in retaliation for a Republican air attack on the German cruiser " Deutschland " . Background . . On April 1937 , the Non - intervention Committee established naval patrols in order to patrol the Spanish coasts and harbors . The naval patrols were furnished by Great Britain , France , Germany and Italy . The Spanish Republican Air Force carried out attacks against the harbor of Mallorca , a known - Nationalist naval base . On 24 May 1937 , a republican air raid hit the Italian cruiser " Barletta " , killing six Italian sailors and on the morning of 26 May another republican air raid nearly miss the German patrol ship " Albatross " . The commander of the German naval patrol protested , nevertheless Mallorca was a patrol zone assigned to France and the foreign ships were inside Spanish territorial waters . The same day , two republican bombers piloted by Russian pilots , attacked the German cruiser " Deutschland " at Ibiza , killing 20 - 23 German sailors and wounding 73 . Hitler wanted to declare war on the Republic , but instead ordered to shell the city of Almeria . Bombing of Almeria . . At dawn 31 May 1937 , the German pocket battleship " Admiral Scheer " and four German destroyers attacked the defenseless city of Almeria . The German ships fired 200 shells at the town , killing 19 - 20 civilians , wounding 50 and destroying 35 buildings . Indalecio Prieto , the Republican minister of Defense wanted to attack the German fleet , but the president Manuel Azaña and the prime minister Juan Negrin opposed to Prieto ’ s plan because an open war against Germany might have brought the annihilation of the Republic . Negrin and Azaña sent protest notes to the secretary - general of the League of Nations and to the French and the English government . But the English and the French government said that the German attack had been justified . Aftermath . On June 15 , Germany denounced a supposed Spanish Republican Navy attack against the German cruiser " Leipzig " , and on June 23 Germany and Italy withdrew from the Non - Intervention Committee and Portugal withdrew the British observers on its frontier . At the end of July the Italian started a campaign of maritime attacks against republican and neutral merchantships . The lost of merchant ships and the beginning of the Sino - Japonese war led the Soviets to reduce their aid to the Republic . By mid 1937 the Republic was virtually isolated .
M42 Truppenfahrrad The M42 Truppenfahrrad was a military bicycle issued to the Wehrmacht during World War II . Special equipment for Wehrmacht use was : the steering bar , the saddle , the toolbox and the porter at the back . The headlamp had to work with dynamo and / or battery . On the steering bar were two holders mounted which were holding the half - shelter tent or the drivers trenchcoat . The German Army had numerous units equipped with bicycles . It was used to deliver mail and maintain connections between a general and his troops , among other reasons . The bicycle was also used as a tactical weapon carrying panzerfaust s on both sides of the bike .
Museum of Army Transport The Museum of Army Transport was a museum of British Army vehicles in Beverley , East Riding of Yorkshire , England . It was commercially unsuccessful , going into administration , closed in summer 2003 . Its collections were transferred to the National Army Museum .
USS Union ( 1846 ) The second USS " Union " was a schooner that served in the United States Navy briefly during the Mexican War . " Union " was serving as a Mexican schooner when the U . S . Navy steam screw corvette captured her off Tampico , Mexico , on 14 November 1846 . She entered U . S . Navy service later that month with Lieutenant John Ancrum Winslow in command . Poorly equipped , " Union " was wrecked on a reef off Veracruz , Mexico , on 16 December 1846 .
Hermann von Wissmann ( steamship ) The Hermann von Wissmann was a German steamer on Lake Nyasa named after the German explorer Hermann von Wissmann who had raised funds for the vessel to be built in 1890 as an anti - slavery gunboat . The attack of the British lake - steamer on the " Wissmann " while it was on a slipway at Sphinxhafen , in English Liuli , was the first naval action of World War I . The British disabled the vessel briefly in 1914 , then in 1915 completely put the vessel out of action . The " Hermann von Wissmann " had a smaller sister vessel , named after Wissmann ' s wife , the , on Lake Tanganyika . This smaller vessel was involved in the exploits of Geoffrey Spicer - Simson which were the basis of " The African Queen " , a 1935 novel by C . S . Forester and the 1951 film of the same name starring Humphrey Bogart . From 1916 - 1920 the boat served as , then from 1920 as the cargo steamer " Mlonda " until it was scrapped in 1950 .
Château d ' Andlau The Château d ' Andlau is a medieval castle in the " commune " of Andlau , in the Bas - Rhin " département " of France . History . Constructed on a narrow granite outcrop at an altitude of 451 m ( ~ 1466 ft ) , the " Haut - Andlau " dominates the valleys of Andlau and Kirneck . The castle was built from granite blocks , very certainly by Eberhard d ' Andlau between 1246 and 1264 . In 1678 , after the joining of Alsace to France , it was pillaged by the troops of maréchal de Créquy . The castle stayed in the hands of the counts of Andlau until the French Revolution and served afterwards as a residence for a gamekeeper in the service of the family . Confiscated as a national asset , it was sold in 1796 to a merchant who , from 1806 and with general indifference , began to sell the castle piece by piece . In 1818 , Antoine - Henri d ' Andlau bought the ruin and saved it from destruction . Repair work was carried out in 1856 . The castle was classified as a " monument historique " ( historic monument ) in 1926 and was reinforced in 1927 - 1928 with a restoration campaign launched on the initiative of the Club Vosgien . It still belongs to the Andlau family . The building . The castle is on two levels . The higher part is built on a narrow ridge approximately 25 m wide and 80 m long ( ~ 81 by 260 ft ) , orientated south - south - west to north - north - east . It consists of a long residential building flanked at each end by circular towers about 10 m ( ~ 33 ft ) in diameter . The castle was built in one piece ; only the lower court has been altered ( in the 16th century ) . Like the neighbouring Château du Spesbourg , the building material was granite excavated on site . To the east , a steep mountainside provides a natural defence while on the other sides , a wide , deep moat cut into the rock isolates and protects the site .
PlayStation mentality Playstation mentality refers to the disassociation between combatants and the consequences of their actions , as a result of the use of weapon interfaces which resemble video games . The effect is named after the PlayStation games console , and is commonly cited in discussions of the problems of drone warfare , such as that conducted by the CIA in the Pakistan tribal areas , typically using predator drones . References . http : / / www . channel4 . com / news / cia - drone - strikes - a - legal - war
CCGS Hudson The CCGS " Hudson " is an offshore oceanographic and hydrographic survey vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard . CCGS " Hudson " is Canada ' s oldest operational ocean research vessel . She was constructed in the early 1960s for the Canadian Oceanographic Service , coinciding with the opening of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography . Formerly the CSS " Hudson " , it was the largest vessel built at that time specifically designed for research purposes . For over four decades , " Hudson " has made significant contributions to knowledge about the oceans through hydrographic surveys and oceanographic research . Particularly important was a 1970 voyage around both North and South America , the first time a ship made a voyage that transited the Americas . This research voyage established many benchmarks in marine observations , and demonstrated that navigation through the Northwest Passage was fundamentally dangerous because of uncharted undersea mountain peaks . This monumental voyage , in which over 100 scientists participated during various stages , was documented in the 1973 book " " Voyage to the Edge of the World " " by Alan Edmonds ( ISBN 0771030673 ) . The Government of Canada announced several new shipbuilding projects for the Canadian Coast Guard in 2007 , including a replacement for CCGS " Hudson " to be delivered by 2014 , giving her over 50 years of operational service to Canada . Replacement plans . In September 2009 the Department of Fisheries and Oceans invited contracts for a vessel to replace the " Hudson " . Her replacement will also be 90 metres long , and will be staffed by a crew of 28 , and can carry 31 additional scientists . Her anticipated completion date would be 2014 . CGS Base Dartmouth . Other Coast Guard vessels at the station :
Battle of Palermo The naval Battle of Palermo took place on 2 June 1676 during the Franco - Dutch War , between a French force led by Abraham Duquesne and a Spanish force supported by a Dutch maritime expedition force . Largely because the Dutch and Spanish ships were at bay making repairs from earlier a battle , the French fleet destroyed four Spanish and three Dutch ships with fireship s . This battle secured the supremacy of the French fleet in the Mediterranean until 1678 . Order of battle . Netherlands / Spain . 10 or 12 Spanish ships : < br > " Nuestra Señora del Pilar " ( Capitana Real ) 64 / 74 ( 1000 - 1100 crew ) Almirante Don Diego de Ibarra ( killed ) - blown up < br > " Santiago " ( Nueva Real ) 80 < br > " San Antonio de Napoles " 44 / 46 ( 500 crew ) - burnt < br > " San Felipe " 40 / 44 - burnt < br > " San Carlo / Salvator delle Fiandre / San Salvador " ( Almiranta de Flandres ) 40 / 42 / 48 ( 350 crew ) - burnt < br > " San Joaquin / San Juan " 80 < br > " San Gabriel " 40 < br > " Santa Ana " 54 / 60 - probably burnt and salvaged < br > " Nuestra Señora del Rosario " 50 < br > " Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe " * < br > " Nuestra Señora del Rosario y Las Animas " * Ships marked * are probable 19 Spanish galleys : < br > " San Jose " ( Almirante Juan de Villaroel , killed ) burnt < br > " San Salvador " burnt
Nicolae Dunca Nicolae Dunca was born in 1837 , in Transylvania , Romania , and came to the United States in December 1861 . He enlisted in the Union Army in March 1862 and , due to his past military experience , was appointed captain of the 12th Infantry Regiment , U . S . Volunteers from New York . He was later assigned as aide - de - camp to Major General John C . Fremont , whose army was operating in the Shenandoah Valley . Dunca was shot and killed by a Georgian ( Pvt . John Long of Co . B , 21st Georgia Infantry ) on picket duty at the Battle of Cross Keys on June 8 , 1862 . When the picket searched Dunca ' s personal effects , it was discovered that he was carrying a dispatch outlining Gen . Fremont ' s order of march for the day . Dunca was still a Romanian citizen at the time of his death . He was buried at Perkey ’ s Farm , Cross Keys , Virginia , and his remains were later transferred to the Staunton National Cemetery ( Section B , Grave 292 ) .
Camp Leon Camp Leon was a Confederate army encampment during the American Civil War located south of Tallahassee in southern Leon County , Florida , United States near the unincorporated community of Belair . It is the best known of the three camps located in the county . Camp Leon was the initial mustering point for the Kilcrease Light Artillery , also known as Villepique ' s Light Battery , by September 1863 . It was organized a Florida company , Confederate Army , Department of South Carolina , Georgia and Florida . The company was named for its captain , Fred L . Villepigue , Florida Secretary of State from 1853 - 1863 . Camp Leon had individuals from the following infantry units : The Kilcrease Light Artillery returned to Florida in March 1864 to support the Confederate defenses at Camp Milton , west of Jacksonville , Florida . In August 1864 at Brandy Branch , the unit skirmished with Union forces . In March 1865 at Battle of Natural Bridge , it assisted in repelling a Union thrust against Tallahassee . It remained stationed in north Florida until the end of the war . In May , 1865 , the Kilcrease Light Artillery disbanded and its men were paroled .
MI2 MI2 , the British Military Intelligence Section 2 ( now defunct ) , was a department of the British Directorate of Military Intelligence , part of the War Office . It was originally set up to handle geographic information . MI2a handled the Americas ( excluding Canada ) , Spain , Portugal , Italy , Liberia , Tangier , and the Balkans . MI2b handled the Ottoman Empire , Trans - Caucasus , Arabia , Sinai , Abyssinia , North Africa excluding French and Spanish possessions , Egypt , and the Sudan . After World War I its role has been changed to handle Russia n and Scandinavian intelligence . These functions were absorbed into MI3 in 1941 .
Said Halim Pasha Said Halim Pasha ( ) ( 18 January 1865 - 6 December 1921 ) , Ottoman Empire Grand Vizier from 1913 - 17 . Born in Cairo , Egypt , he was the grandson of Muhammad Ali of Egypt , " founder of modern Egypt " . The " Pasha " in his name is an honorific that translates in English to " Lord " , or " Lord Said Halim " . He was one of the signers in Ottoman - German Alliance . Yet , he resigned after the incident of the pursuit of Goeben and Breslau , an event which served to cement the Ottoman - German alliance during World War I . It is claimed that Mehmed V wanted a person in whom he trusted as Vizier , and that he asked Said Halim to stay in his post as long as possible . Said Halim ' s second term lasted until 1917 , made short because of continuous clashes between him and the Committee of Union and Progress , which was the Imperial Government of the Ottoman Empire . During the military trials of World War I in the Ottoman Empire , he was accused of treason as he had his signature under Ottoman - German Alliance . He was exiled on 29 May 1919 to a prison on Malta . He was acquitted from the accusations and set free in 1921 at which time he moved to Sicily . He wanted to return to the capital of the Ottoman Empire , Constantinopole ( present day Istanbul ) in 1921 , but this request was rejected . He was assassinated soon after by Arshavir Shirakian , an agent of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation , for his role in the Armenian Genocide . A source states that he was unrelated to the Armenian Genocide . [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = Ap94gZsbu6QC & pg = PA180 & dq = Said + Halim + Pasha , + Grand + Vizier + from + 1913 % E2 % 80 % 9416 + and + unrelated + to + the + genocide , + was + killed + by + Arshavir + Shiragian & hl = nl & sa = X & ei = 5EW0Ue2GGM2Y0QXQ1oGIAw & ved = 0CDEQ6AEwAA # v = onepage & q = Said % 20Halim % 20Pasha % 2C % 20Grand % 20Vizier % 20from % 201913 % E2 % 80 % 9416 % 20and % 20unrelated % 20to % 20the % 20genocide % 2C % 20was % 20killed % 20by % 20Arshavir % 20Shiragian & f = false [ 1 < nowiki > ] < / nowiki > ]
Robert Maynard Murray Robert Maynard Murray ( November 28 , 1841 – August 2 , 1913 ) was an attorney , banker , businessman and member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio . Biography . Robert M . Murray was born in Concord , Ohio , the son of Robert and Sophrenia Murray II . The family moved to Mentor , Ohio when Robert was five years old , where he attended local public schools until age 15 then the Western Reserve Teachers ’ Seminary at Kirtland , Ohio and the Willoughby Academy at Willoughby , Ohio . He attended Oberlin College but decided on a career in law . He was admitted to the United States and Ohio bar after graduating from the Cleveland Law School . He joined the firm of Romney , Backus & Noble until 1864 when he answered the call during the Civil War for Hundred Days Men and served in Company D , 150th Ohio Infantry . He returned to the practice of law until 1867 . In 1867 he joined the family banking business in Painesville , Ohio for nine years and was collector , bookkeeper and then cashier of the First National Bank of Painesville . In 1874 he became a member of the school board in Painesville for three years and subsequently was elected mayor of Painesville , serving from 1877 to 1879 . In 1879 Robert M . Murray removed to Piqua , Ohio , engaging in the manufacture of handles for agricultural implements . In 1882 he was narrowly elected as a Democrat from Ohio ' s third district to the Forty - eighth Congress from Ohio ’ s third district . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1884 . After his congressional service , he resumed his former business pursuits in Piqua . He moved to Cleveland , Ohio in 1892 and engaged in the storage business . He died Cleveland and was interred in Evergreen Cemetery , Painesville , Ohio .
O ' Moore Creagh General Sir Garrett O ' Moore Creagh VC GCB GCSI ( 2 April 1848 – 9 August 1923 ) , known as Sir O ' Moore Creagh , was born in Cahirbane , County Clare and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Background . Creagh was the eighth son of Captain James Creagh ( Royal Navy ) and his wife , Grace O ' Moore . He was married twice , firstly to Mary Longfield ( or possibly Brereton ) in 1874 , who died in 1876 , and then to Elizabeth Reade in 1891 . He had three children , one of whom was General Michael O ' Moore Creagh . In 1866 , after training at the Royal Military College , Sandhurst , Creagh was commissioned into the 95th ( Derbyshire ) Regiment of Foot and in 1869 was posted to India , being transferred to the British Indian Army the next year . Second Anglo - Afghan War . Creagh was 31 years old , and a captain in the Bombay Staff Corps during the Second Anglo - Afghan War , when the following deed on 22 April 1879 at Kam Dakka , on the Kabul River , Afghanistan , took place for which he was awarded the VC : Later career . In 1878 he became Captain of the Merwara battalion , commanding them from 1882 until 1886 . He assumed command of the 29th ( Duke of Connaught ' s Own ) Bombay Infantry ( 2nd Baluch Battalion ) in 1890 , and was promoted to Assistant Quarter - master General in 1896 . He commanded the Indian contingent during the Boxer Rebellion in China in 1900 , and was in September 1901 appointed General Officer Commanding the Force after the departure of General Gaselee . He was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) in 1904 and promoted to full General in 1907 , becoming the Military Secretary to the India Office the same year . Creagh succeeded Lord Kitchener as Commander - in - Chief , India in 1909 , retiring in 1914 . During the First World War he served as the military advisor to the Central Association of Volunteer Training Corps . He died at 65 Albert Hall Mansions , London SW9 on 9 August 1923 . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Army Museum in Chelsea , London , England . References . Listed in order of publication year
Nimitz Hill Nimitz Hill is the home of the United States Navy Commander Naval Forces Marianas located in Asan on the southern half of the island of Guam . It overlooks Agana Bay on its western edge . The Joint Typhoon Warning Center was established at Nimitz Hill in 1959 , but Typhoon Karen destroyed the center in 1962 . After being rebuilt in 1965 , it remained until January 1 , 1999 when the center was relocated to Pearl Harbor following the Base Realignment and Closure legislation of 1995 . Nimitz Hill is also home to former United States Naval family housing . On August 6 , 1997 Korean Air Flight 801 crashed in the Nimitz Hill area . It is also the transmitter location for NOAA Weather Radio station WXM85 , programmed by NWS Tiyan .
Fred Jowett ( rugby player ) Fred Jowett ( 1879 - 5 October 1939 ) was a Welsh rugby union player who represented Wales and the British Lions . Jowett played club rugby for Swansea and county rugby for Glamorgan . His first and only cap was on 10 January 1903 at St Helens Ground in Swansea against England . He made his debut in an experienced team , with only George Travers of Pill Harriers earning his first cap alongside Jowett . The match was a one sided affair , with Wales winning 21 - 5 , thanks to a hat - trick of tries from Jehoida Hodges . Although playing his part in an excellent win against England , Jowett was never selected again . The next year Jowett was selected to represent Bedell Sivright ' s British Lions on their tour of Australia and New Zealand and was selected for one test . Jowett was a high scoring wing , and his 1902 / 03 season tally of 42 tries for Swansea is still a club record to this day . In 1905 the draw of professionalism proved too strong , and Jowett headed north to play for Hull Kingston Rovers , severing his ties with rugby union forever . During World War I , Jowett was a corporal in the Welsh ammunition column . International matches played < br > " Wales " " British Lions "