naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
2S4 Tyulpan The 2S4 " Tyulpan " ( often spelled " Tulpan " , ; ) is a Soviet self - propelled mortar . " 2S4 " is its GRAU designation . It was identified for the first time in 1975 in the Soviet army and so was called M - 1975 by NATO ( the 2S7 Pion also received the M - 1975 designation ) , whereas its official designation is SM - 240 ( 2S4 ) . Its design is based on the GMZ tracked minelaying vehicle carrying an externally mounted M - 240 240 mm breech - loading mortar on the rear of the hull . The crew consists of four men , but an extra five are required to operate the mortar . This has a range of 9 , 650 m but an extended range munition exists with a possible range of 20 , 000 m . Due to the large size of the weapon and the weight of the ammunition ( 130 kg for a standard projectile ) it has a slow rate of fire : one round per minute . In addition to the high explosive bombs , it can fire armour - piercing , chemical and nuclear rounds . It can also fire the " Smel ' chak " ( daredevil ) , a laser - guided round . The Tyulpan is currently the heaviest mortar in deployment among any country . It saw action during the conflicts in Afghanistan and Chechnya . In both conflicts , the Smel ' chak projectile consistently destroyed targets quickly , precisely , and with only a few rounds . The extreme firepower per round compensates for the Tyulpan ' s slow rate of fire . There were reports of the Tyulpan being used by the Syrian Army during the bombardment of Homs .
Battle of Beneventum ( 275 BC ) The Battle of Beneventum ( 275 BC ) was the last battle fought between the forces of Pyrrhus of Epirus ( with Samnite allies ) and the Romans , led by consul Manius Curius Dentatus . It was fought near Benevento , in southern Italy , and was central to subsequent Roman expansion . Pyrrhus had been drained by his recent wars in Sicily , and by the earlier Pyrrhic victories over the Romans . Although the battle was inconclusive , he decided to end his campaign in Italy and return to Epirus ; as a consequence of this , many modern sources state that Pyrrhus lost the battle . Pyrrhus ' departure resulted in the Samnites finally being conquered , and the eventual fall of Magna Graecia three years later , which resulted in Roman dominance of the Italian peninsula . The exact numbers are not known . The Epirote force was scattered before the battle and the Romans were able to scare Pyrrhus ' s war elephants ( presumably with fire arrows ) and send them crashing back to the Epirote ranks .
Camp Striker Camp Striker was one of several logistical and life support bases on Victory Base Complex , Iraq ( near Camp Victory ) . Amenities on Camp Striker include a Burger King , Pizza Hut and Green Beans Coffee cafe , as well as an AAFES PX and several third - party markets . The Dining Facility ( DFAC ) is purported to be the second largest in Iraq . In November 2007 , the 1 . 2 mile main road on Striker was paved . Camp Striker was established in 2003 by the 2nd Brigade , 1st Armored Division ( United States ) , known as the " Strike Hard " Brigade . Members of the brigade are referred to as " Strikers " . Although the spelling of the camp has been at times spelled as " Stryker " ( as in the armored vehicle ) , the spelling was officially fixed as " Striker " in January 2009 by order of the Victory Base Complex Garrison Commander .
Charles Henry Muir Charles Henry Muir ( July 18 , 1860December 8 , 1933 ) was a Major general in the United States Army . He served on active duty during the American Indian Wars , Spanish – American War , Philippine – American War , occupation of Cuba , and World War I . Biography . Muir received an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point , New York in 1881 , graduating eighth in his class in 1885 . After receiving his commission as a second lieutenant in the United States Army , Muir was sent to Dakota Territory and later to Fort D . A . Russell in Wyoming . He held first place on the Army Rifle Team in 1890 . In 1895 , Muir graduated at the head of his class from the Infantry and Cavalry School in Fort Leavenworth in Kansas . Muir was deployed to Cuba during the Spanish – American War , where he received the Distinguished Service Cross for gallantry in action during the Battle of Santiago de Cuba . On July 2 , 1898 , he had voluntarily exposed himself to heavy enemy artillery and infantry fire in an action which resulted in the silencing of a piece of Spanish artillery . Muir was promoted to Captain on 2 March 1899 . Later that year he was promoted to Major and sent to the Philippines . Muir was assigned to a unit under the command of Brigadier general Robert Henry Hall . On 19 January 1900 , Muir and ten other American soldiers attacked the headquarters of General Miguel Malvar at Rosario in Batangas province , driving Malvar and his men out . Muir ' s unit took possession of 25 , 000 Mexican pesos from Malvar ' s treasury and released 300 Spanish prisoners . From 19031907 , he was a member of the general staff at Washington , D . C . . Major general Muir succeeded BG Frederick W . Stillwell as Commander of the 28th Infantry Division from 15 December 1917 until 23 October 1918 , when he was relieved by BG Frank H . Albright . He became commander at Camp Hancock in Augusta , Georgia , in January 1918 . From July 1919August 1920 , MG Muir served as Commandant of the United States Army Command and General Staff College . His final duty assignment was at the War Department in Washington , D . C . , after which he retired from the Army .
Czechoslovak 11th Infantry Battalion The 11th Infantry Battalion — East ( ) was a Czechoslovak infantry battalion during World War II . It served with British Commonwealth forces in the Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre . The 2008 Czech film , " Tobruk " , which depicts experiences of a Czech battalion in 1941 , was nominated for the 2009 best film Czech Lion award .
Vesuvius Airfield Vesuvius Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Italy , located approximately 2 km east - northeast of San Giuseppe Vesuvianom about 21 km east of Naples . It was an all - weather temporary field built by the XII Engineer Command using a graded earth compacted surface , with a prefabricated hessian ( burlap ) surfacing known as PHS . PHS was made of an asphalt - impregnated jute which was rolled out over the compacted surface over a square mesh track ( SMT ) grid of wire joined in 3 - inch squares . Pierced Steel Planking was also used for parking areas , as well as for dispersal sites , when it was available . In addition , tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . Once completed it was turned over for use by tactical light bombers of the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force 47th Bombardment Group . The 47th first arrived at the airfield on 10 January 1944 , however it had to abandon the field on 22 March 1944 due to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius which severely damaged the field and several A - 20 Havoc aircraft . The group was evacuated to Capodichino Airport near Naples for several weeks until they returned to the repaired base on 25 April , remaining until 10 June 1944 . When the 47th pulled out , the airfield was dismantled and abandoned . Today , the location of the field can not be precisely determined , as the suburbs of Naples have expanded and the area where it was located is now developed .
Fort Nya Elfsborg Fort Nya Elfsborg was a fortification and settlement established as a part of New Sweden . Built in 1643 and named after the Älvsborg Fortress off Gothenburg , Fort Nya Elfsborg was located on the New Jersey side of the Delaware River , between present day Salem and Alloway Creek . History . At the time of European colonization in the 17th century the Delaware was known as the South River and the Salem River was known as Varkens Kill , or Hogg Creek . The Dutch established a factorij at Fort Nassau on the east bank of the South River in 1626 , and claimed the territory as part of New Netherland . Despite the claim , in 1638 the colony of New Sweden was founded at Fort Christina on the west bank . In 1641 , without having a patent , a group of 60 settlers ( 20 families ) from the New Haven Colony ( in today ' s Connecticut ) purchased land along the kill and the Schuylkill from indigenous Lenape . In 1643 , the Dutch forcibly disbanded their trading post on the Schuykill opposite their fort . Fort Nya Elfsborg was built shortly after Johan Printz , governor of New Sweden , arrived in the colony on 15 February 1643 , allowing the Varkens Kill settlement to remain if they swore allegiance to Sweden . He also built Fort Nya Gothenborg on Tinicum Island ( to the immediate SW of today ' s Philadelphia ) , where he built his own manor house which he called The Printzhof . Fort Nya Elfsborg had iron and brass 12pd cannons mounted on earth and wooden palisades . It was a Swedish - style three - cornered earthen redoubt with eight guns . Log farmsteads similar to those found in Sweden went up around the fort further downriver , so that Dutch West India Company ships coming up from the bay would have to get by them first . At that time , this area of the river was mostly swamp and the soldiers garrisoned there were inundated by mosquitos . Fort Mosquito ( " Fort Myggenborgh " ) , as it was commonly nicknamed , was eventually abandoned , the soldiers succumbing not to enemy cannon fire but bites . New Sweden burned down the fort after the Dutch built Fort Casimir across the river in 1655 . The actual site of the fort is now under water at Elsinboro Point . In August 2012 , archeological surveys were undertaken to locate the precise location and any remains of the fort , but without success . There is a black stone monument outside the Elsinboro Township School . The stone block came from an old fortress in Sweden built in the 13th century .
HMS Waveney ( 1903 ) HMS " Waveney " was a Hawthorn Leslie - type River - class destroyer ordered by the Royal Navy under the 1902 – 1903 Naval Estimates . Named after the River Waveney in eastern England , she was the first ship of the Royal Navy to carry this name . Construction . She was laid down on 20 October 1902 at the Hawthorn Leslie shipyard at Hebburn - on - Tyne and launched on 16 March 1903 . She was completed in June 1904 . Her original armament was to be the same as the turtleback torpedo boat destroyers that preceded her . In 1906 the Admiralty decided to upgrade the armament by landing the five 6 - pounder naval guns and shipping three 12 - pounder 8 hundredweight ( cwt ) guns . Two were mounted abeam at the foc ' x ' le break and the third gun was mounted on the quarterdeck . Pre - War . After commissioning she was assigned to the East Coast Destroyer Flotilla of the 1st Fleet and based at Harwich . On 27 April 1908 the Eastern Flotilla departed Harwich for live fire and night manoeuvres . During these exercises rammed and sank and damaged . In April 1909 she was assigned to the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla on its formation at Harwich . She remained until displaced by a by May 1912 . She was assigned to the 5th Destroyer Flotilla of the 2nd Fleet with a nucleus crew . On 30 August 1912 the Admiralty directed all destroyer classes were to be designated by alpha characters starting with the letter ' A ' . The ships of the River class were assigned to the E class . After 30 September 1913 , she was known as an E - class destroyer and had the letter ‘ E ’ painted on the hull below the bridge area and on either the fore or aft funnel . World War I . In early 1914 when replaced by G - class destroyers , she joined the 9th Destroyer Flotilla based at Chatham tendered to HMS " St George " . The 9th Flotilla was a patrol flotilla tasked with anti - submarine and counter - mining patrols in the Firth of Forth area . On 16 December 1914 in company with the division leader , " Waveney " , and were sent to patrol off Hartlepool . During the German battlecruiser raid on Hartlepool , she was undamaged and suffered no casualties . In August 1915 with the amalgamation of the 9th and 7th Flotillas she was deployed to the 7th Destroyer Flotilla based at the River Humber . She remained employed on the Humber Patrol participating in counter mining operations and anti - submarine patrols for the remainder of the war . Disposition . In 1919 she was paid off and laid up in reserve awaiting disposal . On 20 February 1920 she was sold to Thomas W . Ward of Sheffield for breaking at Grays , Essex on the Thames Estuary .
Samuel Mercer Samuel Mercer ( 1799 – Mar 6 , 1862 ) entered the United States Navy at a young age ; he became a Midshipman in 1815 . He served his country during the Mexican - American and US Civil war ’ s , He is also the father of Marine Corps Captain Samuel Mercer Jr . . Mexican - American War . He commanded the USS Lawrence in the Home Squadron as tensions escalated in the Gulf of Mexico , sailed south June 14 , 1845 . He and his crew spent the next year cruising along the Gulf Coast , providing security to American shipping in the region and helping suppress piracy . After war broke out April 25 , 1846 , they cruised on a blockade station off the Mexican coast , remaining there until June 17 . Civil War . Civil War . As Union Naval Officer , " Captain Mercer " remained loyal to the union during the war of the rebellion and was in command of the Union warship " USS Powhatan " stationed in Charleston Harbor at the outbreak of the American Civil War . He led a squad of four ships that had been sent to relieve the garrison at Fort Sumter , but arrived too late . On 16 May 1861 He took command of the newly re - commissioned " USS Wabash " in the Northern Blockading Squadron , and participated in the Army - Navy action against Cape Hatteras , North Carolina . The Northern Blockading Squadron was having it share of trouble in 1861 due the slow conversion of its ships that at times the blockade off Charleston had only a few ships , the state of the mission in this sector was so frustrating that " Captain Mercer " of the " USS Wabash " lamented to his commander Rear Admiral Silas H . Stringham " “ Now Flag - Officer , you know as well as I do that to blockade this port efficiently with this ship alone is next door to an impossibility . ” " How true were his words ? By 10 Sep of that year over one third of the Squadron ’ s vessels lay in yards for repairs . Post Civil War . The War ended earl for “ Captain Mercer ” shortly after the action off Cape Hatteras , North Carolina he was relieved from active command due to age , and was serving on the Navy Retiring Board when he died in March 1862 . He is buried with his son Marine Corps Captain “ Samuel Mercer ” at Laurel Hill Cemetery Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .
Bloch MB . 480 The Bloch MB . 480 was a French twin - engined torpedo - bomber / reconnaissance floatplane designed just before the start of the Second World War by Société des Avions Marcel Bloch . Only two were built , the French Navy deciding to use landplanes instead . Design and development . In May 1937 , the French Air Ministry placed an order with Société des Avions Marcel Bloch for two prototype floatplanes intended to fulfill a French Navy requirement for a twin - engined torpedo - bomber / reconnaissance floatplane . Bloch ' s design , the Bloch MB . 480 was a low - winged monoplane that closely resembled the earlier Bloch MB . 131 reconnaissance / bomber landplane . It was powered by two 1 , 060 hp ( 791 kW ) Gnome - Rhône 14N radial engines and carried a crew of five . Defensive armament was a 7 . 5 mm Darne machine gun in the nose and a ventral bath , while a 20 mm cannon was fitted in a powered dorsal mounting . A heavy load of bombs , torpedoes or auxiliary fuel tanks could be carried in an internal bomb bay . The first prototype made its maiden flight from Étang de Berre in June 1939 . The aircraft ' s twin tail was raised to avoid spray on take - off and landing , and the tail fins were cropped to restore a good field of fire for the dorsal cannon after the tail assembly had been raised . The second prototype flew in October 1939 . Operational history . Although testing was relatively successful , the French Navy had meanwhile decided that the torpedo - bomber reconnaissance role could be better met by landplanes , with the much faster Lioré et Olivier LeO 451 , already on order as a medium bomber for the French Air Force , being chosen . On 9 September 1939 , Bloch was told to suspend development trials , while on 10 December it was officially announced that no orders would be placed for either the MB . 480 or its two competitors , the SNCAC NC - 410 and the Loire - Nieuport 10 . The first prototype was destroyed after colliding with a pier on Étang de Thau on 23 June 1940 , while the second prototype was placed into storage in July , and was not flown again .
646th Aircraft Control Squadron The 646th Aircraft Control Squadron was the operational USAF unit of Highlands Air Force Station and manned a flight at Texas Tower 4 , a Highlands offshore radar annex from 1959 until it collapsed into the Atlantic Ocean in 1961 , killing 28 people . The squadron was activated on 1 June 1948 and renamed the 646th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron on 6 December 1949 , then 646th Radar Squadron ( SAGE ) on 1 Oct 1958 .
Navy Unit Commendation The Navy Unit Commendation ( NUC ) is a unit award of the United States Navy that was established by order of the Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal on 18 December 1944 . The ribbon is awarded by the Navy Secretary to any ship ; aircraft wing , group , squadron , detachment or crew ; or other unit of the United States Navy or Marine Corps which has since 6 December 1941 distinguished itself in action against the enemy with outstanding heroism but not sufficient to justify award of the U . S . Presidential Unit Citation . To be eligible for the award , the unit must have performed service of a character comparable to that which would merit the award of a Silver Star Medal in combat , or achievement of like caliber in a non - combat situation , to an individual . It is also awarded for non - combat service , in support of military operations , which was outstanding when compared to other units or organizations performing similar service . USN ships and units and USMC units awarded the NUC are awarded a pennant which may be flown from those ships or from activities ashore . Display of the ribbon by awarded units in painted form is also customary on the superstructure of naval vessels , on aircraft , on or in aircraft hangars , or on signboards in front of unit facilities ashore . The U . S . Coast Guard equivalent is the Coast Guard Unit Commendation . U . S . Army and U . S . Air Force units and personnel are also eligible to be awarded the NUC so long as they are directly attached or assigned to U . S . Navy or U . S . Marine Corps units during the time period or event for which the award is given . U . S . Army personnel do not wear the Navy Unit Commendation ribbon as a part of their personal awards and medals but , rather , above the right breast pocket with other unit award emblems authorized for wear . References . < br >
Camp Myles Standish Camp Myles Standish was a U . S . Army camp located in Taunton , Massachusetts . It functioned as a prisoner - of - war camp , a departure area for about a million U . S . and Allied soldiers ; and a candidate site for the United Nations Headquarters , soon after the military camp closed . History . The city of Taunton was notified in June 1942 by the War Department that would be taken for use as a military staging area . The design of the layout for the camp was made by the J . F . Worcester Company . The Matthew Cummings Company of Boston received the contract to construct the buildings . The camp opened on October 8 , 1942 and was named in honor of Myles Standish who was the first military commander in the Old Colony region . Camp Myles Standish represented the Boston Port of Embarkation where American soldiers as well as soldiers from Canada , Great Britain and Australia process before engaging in the European Theater of World War II . As the camp functioned as the port of embarkation , a quartermaster was set up so an entire division could be prepared for deployment within a day . Often , divisions would go to Africa or Iceland . This made train traffic understandably chaotic , with trains regularly coming into town from Providence , Rhode Island Springfield , Massachusetts and Boston . The yard itself , run by the New Haven Railroad , contained about ten miles of track . German soldiers who were captured during the war were detained at this camp . Also , Italian soldiers were detained there as well although they were considered ' co - belligerents ' because Italy had surrendered by the time the Italian soldiers arrived at Camp Myles Standish . The camp closed in January 1946 following World War II . The site of Camp Myles Standish was briefly considered as a possible site for the United Nations . There are several buildings that were once part of Camp Myles Standish that still remain standing as of 2009 . Redevelopment . Massachusetts took it over from the federal government to create the Myles Standish State School for the Mentally Retarded . The patients of the institution were housed in the former hospital area for the former army camp . In 1951 , Governor Paul A . Dever was instrumental in providing for over two dozen new brick buildings on the south part of the former army camp site as the new campus for the metally retarded patients of the Myles Standish State School . Following the death of former Governor Paul A . Dever , the Myles Standish State School was dedicated in memory of Paul A . Dever . The City of Taunton acquired over of the former army camp in 1973 for the purpose of constructing a modern industrial park . The Myles Standish Industrial Park has continued to expand and has become one of the most successful industrial parks in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts .
6007th Reconnaissance Group The 6007th Reconnaissance Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 6007th Reconnaissance Wing , stationed at Yokota Air Base , Japan . It was inactivated on 9 August 1957 . History . Performed highly classified missions over the Soviet Union and Communist China and reconnaissance monitoring of the Korean De - militarized Zone ( DMZ ) during the early years of the Cold War . Inactivated in 1957 , mission taken over by the 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing It should be noted that much of this unit ' s history remains classified as of 2012 .
Line Item Number A ( supply ) Line Item Number or LIN is a code used by the United States military to designate items . There are a number of sites which support looking up the details of a LIN number . Search for " LIN lookup " or " LIN search " . Many sites which support searching by NSN will also support searching by LIN .
Michurinsk ( air base ) Michurinsk ( also given as Michurinsk Northwest , and Kozlov ( before 1932 ) ) is an air base in Russia located 9 km northwest of Michurinsk . It is the site of a well - maintained military training airfield . Google Earth high - resolution imagery indicates this base is active , with 100 trainer aircraft on the field , a few of which appeared to be taxiing . The training unit at Michurinsk is 644 UAP ( 644th Aviation Training Regiment ) equipped with 108 Aero L - 29 Delfin aircraft listed as of the early 1990s . It has also been equipped recently with Su - 24 , Su - 25 , and MiG - 29 aircraft . The 644th Training Aviation Regiment was part of the 786th Training Centre , headquartered at Borisoglebsk , in 2008 , according to Kommersant - Vlast .