naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Fair ( DE - 35 ) USS " Fair " ( DE - 35 ) was a ship named by the United States Navy for Lieutenant , junior grade Victor Norman Fair , Jr . , who was born on 15 August 1921 in Lincoln County , North Carolina , enlisted in the Naval Reserve on 15 August 1940 , and was commissioned ensign on 14 March 1941 . Serving in , Fair was wounded when his ship was sunk by Japanese gunfire in the Solomon Islands on 5 September 1942 , and he died four days later . " Fair " was launched on 27 July 1943 by Mare Island Navy Yard ; sponsored by Mrs . V . N . Fair , Jr . , widow of Lieutenant Fair ; and commissioned on 23 October 1943 , Lieutenant D . S . Crocker in command . Service history . World War II . " Fair " escorted a convoy from San Francisco to Pearl Harbor , where she arrived on 9 January 1944 . She put to sea nine days later to conduct an antisubmarine patrol off Tarawa , and late on 4 February , joined to develop a contact previously made by the destroyer . Attacks by both ships led to the sinking of the next morning . " Fair " returned to Pearl Harbor on 17 February , and sailed on 25 February for Majuro , where from 5 March – 12 June , she patrolled the entrance to the lagoon , and escorted ships to and from ocean rendezvous and Roi Namur . On 14 June , she arrived at Eniwetok with three oilers , and for the next 2 weeks , screened them in the fueling area off the Mariana Islands as they fueled ships serving in the assault and capture of Saipan . The escort vessel served on patrol out of Eniwetok from 1 – 14 July , then returned to screen the logistics group during the assaults on Tinian and Guam . She returned to Pearl Harbor on 31 August for a brief overhaul and to take part in training operations . On 13 October , " Fair " was back at Eniwetok for duty escorting convoys to Ulithi until 19 January 1945 . She continued her escort duty from Eniwetok to Manus , Guam , and Guadalcanal until 24 March , when she arrived at Ulithi to stage for the assault on Okinawa . Guarding a convoy composed primarily of LST s , " Fair " put out from Ulithi on 27 March , and after the initial assault on 1 April , put into Kerama Retto . On 6 April , before getting underway for Saipan with unladen transports , she fired on the massive wave of " kamikaze s " which attacked shipping off the island , splashing one . After her voyage to Saipan , " Fair " patrolled off Chimu Wan , Okinawa until 12 May , then screened the transport area , firing on attacking aircraft and suicide boats for 10 days . Her next assignment was a convoy escort voyage to Saipan and Guam , returning to Okinawa on 10 June for local escort duty and patrol . " Fair " cleared Okinawa on 5 July 1945 for a West Coast overhaul . She was decommissioned at Portland , Oregon on 17 November , and transferred to the United States Army on 20 May 1947 .
Frigate navy Frigate navy is a term describing a nation state ' s navy that is made of mostly frigate s or destroyer s as a major combat force . This navy would thus be lacking large vessels such as cruiser s , a significant number of effective submarine s , or aircraft carrier s , but it would also be more effective and deployable than a navy that just maintains corvette s or gunboat s . A frigate navy can be a green water navy or a brown water navy , depending on how logistics are structured . The Royal Netherlands Navy is an example of a frigate navy , as was the U . S . Navy in the War of 1812 .
United States military deployments The military of the United States is deployed in more than 150 countries around the world , with 172 , 966 of its 1 , 372 , 522 active - duty personnel serving outside the United States and its territories . Most of these overseas personnel are deployed in combat zones in the Middle east , as part of the War on Terror . Many of the remainder are located at installations activated during the Cold War , by which the US government sought to challenge the Soviet Union in the aftermath of World War II . U . S . personnel are seeing active combat in Afghanistan . Others are deployed as part of several peacekeeping missions , military attaché s , or are part of embassy and consulate security . The following are countries , listed by region , in which U . S . military personnel are deployed . The most current numbers are based on United States Department of Defense statistics as of December 31 , 2012 . These numbers do not include any military or civilian contractors or dependents . Countries with fewer than 75 U . S . personnel deployed are omitted . United States . There are 1 , 199 , 556 personnel on active duty in the United States and its territories :
International Commission of Control and Supervision During the Vietnam War , the International Commission of Control and Supervision ( ICCS ) was created to replace the International Control Commission ( formally called the International Commission for Supervision and Control in Vietnam ( ICSC ) ) following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords ( " Paris Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam " ) on 27 January 1973 . The Protocol to the Paris Agreement detailed the functions of the ICCS . At Article 4 it named the locations of seven regional teams and twenty - six teams within those regions in South Vietnam . It also called for seven teams to be assigned to ports of entry ( for replacement of armaments , munitions and war material permitted the two South Vietnamese parties under Article 7 of the Agreement ) and seven teams to supervise the return of captured and detained personnel . In summary , the ICCS was to supervise the cease - fire , the withdrawal of troops , the dismantlement of military bases , the activity at ports of entry and the return of captured military personnel and foreign civilians . It was to report on the implementation , or violation , of the Peace Agreement and Protocols . Canada remained a member of the ICCS from 29 January until 31 July 1973 . During this period there were 18 , 000 alleged cease - fire violations , which resulted in over 76 , 000 killed , wounded and missing to both sides . One Canadian ( Captain Charles Laviolette of the 12 Regiment blindé du Canada ) and eight others from Hungary ( 2 persons : border guard Captain Aurél Dylski and 1st Lt Csaba Cziboly ) , Indonesia , the Philippines , Poland and the United States were killed on 7 April 1973 when an ICCS helicopter was shot down . This was the only Canadian fatality during its time with the ICCS . In practical terms , Canada stayed long enough to supervise the American withdrawal and the exchange of prisoners of war . The force was composed of military and civilian personnel from two communist nations , Hungary and Poland , and two non - communist nations , Canada and Indonesia . As with the old ICSC , there were continuous disagreements between the communist and non - communist nations about the causes of treaty violations . Canada attempted to counter this with an " open mouth policy " to the world ’ s media . After Canada ’ s departure from the Commission , it was replaced by Iran . Colonel Robert Ringma was the first Deputy Chief of Staff ( Support ) for the Military Component Canadian Delegation to the International Commission of Control and Supervision ( MCCD ICCS ) , from 27 January to 1 June 1973 .
Second Peace of Thorn ( 1466 ) The Second Peace of Thorn of 1466 ( ; ) was a peace treaty signed in the Hanseatic city of Thorn ( Toruń ) on 19 October 1466 between the Polish king Casimir IV Jagiellon on one side , and the Teutonic Knights on the other . The treaty concluded the Thirteen Years ' War ( 1454 – 1466 ) which had begun in February 1454 with the revolt of the Prussian Confederation , led by the cities of Danzig ( Gdańsk ) , Elbing ( Elbląg ) , Kulm ( Chełmno ) and Thorn , and the Prussian gentry against the rule of the Teutonic Knights in the Monastic State . Both sides agreed to seek confirmation from Pope Paul II and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III , but the Polish side stressed ( and the Teutonic side agreed ) that this confirmation would not be needed for validation of the treaty . In the treaty , the Teutonic Order ceded the territories of Pomerelia ( Eastern Pomerania ) with Danzig , Kulmerland with Kulm and Thorn , the mouth of the Vistula with Elbing and Marienburg ( Malbork ) , and the Bishopric of Warmia ( " Ermland " ) with Allenstein ( Olsztyn ) . The Order also acknowledged the rights of the Polish Crown for Prussia ' s western half , subsequently known as Polish or Royal Prussia . Eastern Prussia , later called Duchy of Prussia remained with the Teutonic Order until 1525 , as a Polish fief . The treaty stated that Royal Prussia became the exclusive property of the Polish king and Polish kingdom . Later some disagreements arose concerning certain prerogatives that Royal Prussia and the cities held , like Danzig ' s privileges . The region possessed certain privileges such as the minting of its own coins , its own Diet meetings ( see the Prussian estates ) , its own military , and its own administrative usage of the German language . A conflict over the right to name and approve Bishops in Warmia , resulted in the War of the Priests ( 1467 – 79 ) . Eventually , Royal Prussia became integrated into the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth , but retained some distinctive features until the partitions of Poland in the late 18th century . In 1525 , the Order was ousted from East Prussian territory by its own Grand Master when Albert , Duke of Prussia adopted Lutheranism and assumed the title of duke as hereditary ruler under the overlordship of Poland in the Prussian Homage . The area became known as the Duchy of Prussia . External links . politics
USS LCI ( L ) - 19 USS " LCI ( L ) - 19 " was an amphibious assault ship commissioned in 1943 by the United States Navy and assigned to the Mediterranean theater during World War II . As part of Operation Husky , " LCI ( L ) - 19 " participated in the allied landings in Sicily from 9 – 15 July 1943 . From 9 – 21 September 1943 " LCI ( L ) - 19 " took part in the Salerno landings during Operation Avalanche . " LCI ( L ) - 19 " saw action during Operation Shingle as part of the Anzio and Nettuno advanced landings on 22 January - 5 February 1944 . She took part in Operation Dragoon , the invasion of southern France , from 15 August - 28 September 1944 . After her service in the Mediterranean " LCI ( L ) - 19 " was transferred to Pacific theater . On 15 July 1945 " LCI ( L ) - 19 " was re - designated " Landing Craft Guns " " LCI ( G ) - 19 " . Following the end of World War II , LCI ( G ) - 19 served in the occupation of the Far East . After decommissioning , " LCI ( G ) - 19 " was sold on 5 February 1947 . See Also :
SUBSAFE SUBSAFE is a quality assurance program of the United States Navy designed to maintain the safety of the nuclear submarine fleet ; specifically , to provide maximum reasonable assurance that subs ' hulls will stay watertight , and that they can recover from unanticipated flooding . SUBSAFE covers all systems exposed to sea pressure or critical to flooding recovery . All work done and all materials used on those systems are tightly controlled to ensure the material used in their assembly as well as the methods of assembly , maintenance , and testing are correct . They require certification with traceable quality evidence . These measures increase the cost of submarine construction and maintenance . SUBSAFE addresses only flooding ; mission assurance is not a concern , simply a side benefit . Other safety programs and organizations regulate such things as fire safety , weapons systems safety , and nuclear reactor systems safety . From 1915 to 1963 , the United States Navy lost 16 submarines to non - combat related causes . Since SUBSAFE began in 1963 , only one submarine , the non - SUBSAFE - certified , has been lost . History . On 10 April 1963 , while on a deep test dive about 200 miles off the northeast coast of the United States , was lost with all hands . The loss of the lead ship of a new , fast , quiet , deep - diving class of submarines led the Navy to re - evaluate the methods used to build its submarines . A " " Thresher " Design Appraisal Board " determined that , although the basic design of the was sound , measures should be taken to improve the condition of the hull and the ability of submarines to control and recover from flooding casualties . SUBSAFE certification . SUBSAFE certification is carried out in four areas ; Design , Material , Fabrication , & Testing . The exact procedures are documented in the initial design & construction for new submarines , while undergoing routine maintenance in naval depots , and in the fleet maintenance manual for operating submarines . During each step , quality evidence is collected , reviewed , approved , and stored for the life of the submarine . This process is reinforced with external and internal audits . NASA . After the loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia , the Columbia Accident Investigation Board board described SUBSAFE as " successful safety programs and practices that could be models for NASA " Following this recommendation , a number of exchanges and conferences have been held between SUBSAFE naval personnel and NASA .
Liu Yang ( astronaut ) Liu Yang ( ; born October 6 , 1978 ) is a Chinese pilot and astronaut who served as a crew member on the space mission Shenzhou 9 . On 16 June 2012 , Liu became the first Chinese woman in space . Biography . Liu was born in Zhengzhou , Henan in 1978 , into a family of Linzhou , Anyang origin . She graduated from People ' s Liberation Army Air Force Aviation College of Changchun . Liu joined the People ' s Liberation Army Air Force in 1997 and qualified as a pilot before becoming the deputy head of a flight unit , holding the PLAAF rank of major . She is a veteran pilot with 1 , 680 hours of flying experience . After two years of astronaut training , Liu excelled in testing before being selected with another woman , Wang Yaping , as a candidate for the astronaut corps . Liu was selected for the crew of Shenzhou 9 , the first manned mission to the Chinese space station Tiangong 1 , along with Jing Haipeng , the first repeat Chinese space traveller , and Liu Wang . Liu became the first female Chinese astronaut to go into space . The mission was launched on 16 June 2012 , 49 years to the day after the first female space traveller , cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was launched . During this manned space mission , Liu performed experiments in space medicine . Personal life . Liu is a member of the Communist Party of China . She has no siblings and is married with no children . The news agency Xinhua reported a former spaceflight official as claiming that marriage was a requirement for all female Chinese astronauts as " married women would be more physically and psychologically mature . " However , this requirement has been officially denied by the director of the China Astronaut Centre , stating that this is a preference but not a strict limitation . Yang has been described as an eloquent speaker , an avid reader and also a lover of cooking .
U . S . Military UAV tier system The modern concept of United States Department of Defense UAVs ( unmanned aerial vehicles ) is to have the various aircraft systems work together in support of personnel on the ground . The integration scheme is described in terms of a " Tier " system , and is used by military planners to designate the various individual aircraft elements in an overall usage plan for integrated operations . The Tiers do not refer to specific models of aircraft , but rather roles the aircraft must fill . Periodically the models that fill each role become outdated . The roles are also periodically expanded to encompass more functionality . In these cases , several different aircraft designers such as Boeing and Lockheed Martin write design proposals . These proposals are compared , and the best design is then put into production as the next aircraft to fill the given role . The U . S . Air Force and the U . S . Marine Corps each has its own tier system , and the two systems are themselves not integrated .
Géza Lakatos Knight Géza Lakatos de Csíkszentsimon ( Hungarian title / name : " vitéz lófő csíkszentsimoni Lakatos Géza " ; in German : Geza Ritter Lakatos , Edler von Csikszentsimon ) ( Budapest , 30 April 1890 – Adelaide , 21 May 1967 ) was a colonel general in the Hungarian Army during World War II who served briefly as Prime Minister of Hungary , under governor Miklós Horthy from 29 August 1944 , until 15 October 1944 . He graduated at Ludovica Military Academy . He was a military attaché in Prague from 1928 to 1934 . On 5 August 1943 he succeeded vitéz Gusztáv Jány as commander of the Second Army . On 1 April 1944 he was appointed commander of the 1st Hungarian Army , but this was only until 15 May 1944 . In August 1944 supporters of Lakatos and Horthy , armed with one tank , overthrew the German - installed government of Döme Sztójay . Lakatos ' s military government stopped the deportation of Hungarian Jews , with acting Interior Minister Béla Horváth ordering Hungarian gendarmes to use deadly force against any deportation effort . Lakatos also reopened peace talks with the Allies that had previously been begun by Miklós Kállay . He even went as far as to begin talks with the Soviets . On 15 October 1944 , Horthy tried to force the Germans out entirely and concluded an armistice with the Allies . However , when Horthy announced this in a nationwide radio address , the Germans kidnapped Horthy ' s son , Miklós Horthy , Jr . , and Horthy surrendered to them . The far right fringe Arrow Cross Party , backed by the Germans , immediately staged a coup and took full control of the government . Lakatos was forced to resign that day , and was imprisoned by the Germans . He emigrated to Australia in 1956 , when the failed Hungarian Revolution briefly allowed people to emigrate from Hungary .
SMS Niobe ( 1849 ) SMS " Niobe " was a 28 - gun sixth - rate sailing frigate built for the Royal Navy in the 1840s . She was never commissioned into the Royal Navy , which was converting to steam power , and was sold to Prussia in 1862 . She was named after Niobe , a figure from Greek mythology . She served with the Prussian Navy , the Norddeutsche Bundesmarine and the Kaiserliche Marine as a training ship until stricken and hulked in 1890 . " Niobe " was eventually broken up in 1919 . Description and career . " Niobe " was a three - masted , ship - rigged frigate that had a sail area of . Her maximum speed was . The ship was considered to be a very good sea boat and very manoeuvrable , although she did suffer from severe pitching . " Niobe " was designed for a crew of 240 officers and enlisted men , but her crew numbered 34 officers and 316 enlisted men in Prussian service . Measured at the gundeck , " Niobe " had a length of , a beam of and a depth of hold of . She was 1051 tons burthen in size and displaced . Forward , the ship had a draught of and aft . In British service , " Niobe " was intended to be armed with twenty 32 - pounder ( 45 cwt ) smoothbore on the upper deck . The ship was also fitted with one 68 - pounder ( 56 cwt ) smoothbore shell gun and ten short 32 - pounder guns on her quarterdeck and another 68 - pounder and four more short 32 - pounders on her forecastle . All of these 32 - pounders were of the lighter 25 cwt model . The Prussians rearmed her with sixteen 68 - pounder guns and four 30 - pounder smoothbore guns . " Niobe " was later rearmed with six 22 - calibre rifled guns . These were later replaced by six 23 - calibre rifled guns . " Niobe " was laid down in May 1847 at the Devonport Dockyard and launched on 18 September 1849 . Completed on 5 October , the ship was never commissioned in the Royal Navy . She was sold to Prussia on 9 July 1862 for the price of £15 , 892 and used as a training ship for naval cadet s from 12 October . In 1865 , " Niobe " was commanded by the future admiral , Carl Ferdinand Batsch and among its cadets were seven future admirals , Alfred von Tirpitz , Wilhelm Büchsel , Oscar Klausa , Iwan Oldekop , Otto von Diederichs , Richard Geissler , and Oscar Boeters . Accompanied by the brig SMS " Rover " , the ship visited Plymouth , Madeira , the Cape Verde Islands , Cadiz , and Lisbon from 30 September 1865 to 15 May 1866 . After serving in the successive navies of the emerging German state , " Niobe " was stricken from the navy list on 18 November 1890 and hulked at Kiel , eventually being broken up in 1919 . The ship ' s figurehead survives and is located at the Naval Academy at Mürwik .
Break of Dromore The Break of Dromore is a name given to a battle fought during the Williamite War in Ireland on March 14 , 1689 . The battle was fought between Catholic Jacobite troops under Richard Hamilton and Protestant Williamite s . The engagement , fought near Dromore , County Down resulted in the rout of the Williamites and the Jacobite ' s securing of eastern Ulster . It is known as a " Break " , because the Williamites put up little resistance , being put to flight after only a short fight . Background . While much of the Protestant population of east Ulster supported the claim of William III to thrones of Ireland , England and Scotland , the rest of Ireland , including the Lord Deputy of Ireland , Richard Talbot , 1st Earl of Tyrconnell and the army , supported James II . As a result , war broke out in Ireland after James was deposed in the Glorious Revolution . At the start of the conflict , the Jacobites were left in control of two fortified positions at Carrickfergus and Charlemont in territory which was predominantly Williamite in sympathy . The local Williamites raised a militia and met in a council at Hillsborough . They made an ineffective assault on Carrickfergus . However , this was easily beaten off and a local Catholic cleric named O ' Hegarty reported that the Williamite were badly armed and trained . Richard Hamilton , the Jacobite commander , was dispatched from Drogheda on March 8 with 2 , 000 men , in order to pacify the north east of Ireland . Hamilton sent a Presbyterian clergyman , Alexander Osbourne to offer the Hillsborough council a pardon in return for their surrender . However the council , reportedly with Osbourne ' s encouragement , refused . Hamilton therefore marched north to subdue the Williamites by force . The ' Break ' . On March 14 , he crossed the river Bann and attacked a 3 , 000 strong Williamite force under Lord Mount Alexander at Dromore . Alexander ' s cavalry fell back in disorder following a charge by the Jacobite dragoon s . Seeing this , Hamilton ordered a general advance of his infantry and the Williamite foot fled towards Dromore itself . They were overtaken in the village by the Jacobite cavalry and slaughtered , roughly 400 being killed and the rest fleeing for their lives . In the aftermath of the engagement , Alexander rode to Donaghadee and from there took ship to England . Hamilton ' s men looted and sacked Dromore . The following day , he took Hillsborough and Williamite council dissolved . Thousands of Protestants , fearing Jacobite and Catholic retribution , fled either to Coleraine in the west of Ulster , or to the ports and from there to England or Scotland .