naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Leroy A . Mendonca Leroy A . Mendonca was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War . He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on July 4 , 1951 . Early life . Leroy was born in Honolulu , Territory of Hawaii , on 2 August 1932 , and is of Portuguese ancestry . While attending President William McKinley High School , he was an AJROTC cadet , and graduated in 1950 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Army , Company B , 7th Infantry Regiment , 3d Infantry Division Place and date : Near Chich - on , Korea , July 4 , 1951 Entered service at : Honolulu , T . H . Birth : Honolulu , T . H . G . O . No . : 83 , September 3 , 1952 Citation : Sgt . LeRoy A . Mendonca , distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy . After his platoon , in an exhaustive fight , had captured Hill 586 , the newly won positions were assaulted during the night by a numerically superior enemy force . When the 1st Platoon positions were outflanked and under great pressure and the platoon was ordered to withdraw to a secondary line of defense , Sgt . Mendonca voluntarily remained in an exposed position and covered the platoon ' s withdrawal . Although under murderous enemy fire , he fired his weapon and hurled grenade s at the onrushing enemy until his supply of ammunition was exhausted . He fought on , clubbing with his rifle and using his bayonet until he was mortally wounded . After the action it was estimated that Sgt . Mendonca had accounted for 37 enemy casualties . His daring actions stalled the crushing assault , protecting the platoon ' s withdrawal to secondary positions , and enabling the entire unit to repel the enemy attack and retain possession of the vital hilltop position . Sgt . Mendonca ' s extraordinary gallantry and exemplary valor are in keeping with the highest traditions of the U . S . Army . Honors . In 2001 , the " Bob Hope " - class roll on roll off vehicle cargo ship was commissioned in the Military Sealift Command , and named in honor of Sergeant Mendonca .
Junior D . Edwards Junior Dean Edwards ( October 7 , 1926 – January 2 , 1951 ) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War . He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on January 2 , 1951 . Edwards joined the Army from his birthplace of Indianola , Iowa in January 1945 , and served in the final months of World War II as a cook and a military policeman , until he was discharged in August 1946 . He rejoined the Army in June 1947 . He is buried in IOOF Cemetery Indianola , Iowa . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant First Class , U . S . Army , Company E , 23d Infantry Regiment , 2d Infantry Division Place and date : Near Changbong - ni , Korea , January 2 , 1951 Entered service at : Indianola , Iowa . Born : October 7 , 1926 , Indianola , Iowa G . O . No . : 13 , February 1 , 1952 Citation : Sfc . Edwards , Company E , distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy . When his platoon , while assisting in the defense of a strategic hill , was forced out of its position and came under vicious raking fire from an enemy machine gun set up on adjacent high ground , Sfc . Edwards individually charged the hostile emplacement , throwing grenades as he advanced . The enemy withdrew but returned to deliver devastating fire when he had expended his ammunition . Securing a fresh supply of grenades , he again charged the emplacement , neutralized the weapon and killed the crew , but was forced back by hostile small - arms fire . When the enemy emplaced another machine gun and resumed fire , Sfc . Edwards again renewed his supply of grenades , rushed a third time through a vicious hail of fire , silenced this second gun and annihilated its crew . In this third daring assault he was mortally wounded but his indomitable courage and successful action enabled his platoon to regain and hold the vital strongpoint . Sfc . Edwards ' consummate valor and gallant self - sacrifice reflect the utmost glory upon himself and are in keeping with the esteemed traditions of the infantry and military service .
Aelius Gallus Gaius Aelius Gallus was a Roman prefect of Egypt from 26 to 24 BC . He is primarily known for a disastrous expedition he undertook to Arabia Felix under orders of Augustus . Life . Aelius Gallus was the 2nd " praefect " of Roman Egypt ( " Aegyptus " ) in the reign of Augustus during the years 26 – 24 BC . He replaced Cornelius Gallus , with whom he has often been confused . Aelius Gallus was also known to be an intimate friend of the Greek geographer Strabo and has been identified with the Aelius Gallus frequently quoted by Galen , whose remedies are stated to have been used with success in his Arabian expedition . The expedition to Arabia Felix , of which an account is given by his friend Strabo , as well as by Cassius Dio and Pliny the Elder turned out to be a complete failure . Gallus undertook the expedition from Egypt by the command of Augustus , partly with a view to explore the country and its inhabitants , and partly to conclude treaties of friendship with the people , or to subdue them if they should oppose the Romans , for it was believed at the time that Arabia was full of all kinds of treasures . When Aelius Gallus set out with his army , he trusted to the guidance of a Nabataean called Syllaeus , who deceived and misled him . A long account of this interesting expedition through the desert is given by Strabo — who derived most of his information about Arabia from his friend Aelius Gallus . The burning heat of the sun , the bad water , and the want of every thing necessary to support life , produced a disease among the soldiers which was altogether unknown to the Romans , and destroyed the greater part of the army ; so that the Arabs were not only not subdued , but succeeded in driving the Romans even from those parts of the country which they had possessed before . Aelius Gallus spent six months on his march into the country , on account of his treacherous guide , while he effected his retreat in sixty days , obliged to return to Alexandria , having lost the greater part of his force . Aelius Gallus was recalled by Augustus for failure to pacify the Kushites and was succeeded as praefect by Gaius Petronius , a military genius and close friend of Augustus .
Russian Invasion of Northern and Central Manchuria ( 1900 ) The Crushing of boxers in Northern and Central Manchuria was the invasion of the 100 , 000 strong Russian Army of Manchuria . These events form part of the period known as the Boxer Rebellion . Battles . The campaign in Manchuria was conducted by both the regular Imperial army , including Manchu Bannermen and Imperial Chinese troops , and the Boxers . The Russians invaded Manchuria during the rebellion , which was defended by Manchu bannermen . The bannermen were annihilated as they fought to the death against the Russians , each falling one at a time against a five pronged Russian invasion . The Russians killed many of the Manchus , thousands of them fled south . The Russian Cossacks looted some of their villages and property and then burnt them to ashes , but as revenge , the Chinese Boxers and Imperial army came to a large Russian village and killed many civilians and looted and burnt all their houses as revenge and killed many Russian defenders . Manchuria was partially occupied after the fierce fighting that occurred .
Egon Franz Egon Franz was a Unterscharführer in the Waffen SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . He was born in the Sudetenland on the 19 August 1921 . He volunteered to join the SS and was posted to the SS Division " Wiking " . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross in October 1944 when a platoon commander in the 3rd Company , 9th SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Germania " . There is some confusion over when he died , the official record states he died from severe wounds near Jungbusch . However other sources indicate he was murdered while in Czech captivity , in August 1945 .
Roland Jennings Sir Roland Jennings ( 1894 – 5 December 1968 ) was a British chartered accountant and politician . Born in Sunderland , he served with the Durham Light Infantry in the First World War . He was elected as a Conservative Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Sedgefield in County Durham at the 1931 general election , defeating the Labour Party MP John Herriotts . Jennings was defeated at the 1935 general election by Labour ' s John Leslie . After losing the Wandsworth Central seat in a 1937 byelection , Jennings returned to the House of Commons in 1939 , when he was elected as MP for Sheffield Hallam at a by - election following the death of Sir Louis William Smith . At this and each subsequent election he fought as a ' Conservative and Liberal ' although he took the Conservative whip . In 1955 , Jennings was caught up in a minor constitutional difficulty when shortly after the general election a political opponent highlighted the fact that he had been , since 1923 , a public auditor approved by the Treasury . He had taken the post solely in order to audit the books of the Cotherstone British Legion and Village Club , but there were circumstances in which he might have been paid by the Treasury : this would make it an " office of profit under the Crown " and therefore a disqualification from being elected . The matter was referred by the House of Commons to a Select Committee which reported that Jennings was indeed disqualified under the law as it stood . The government rushed through Parliament a Bill changing the law , and another bill indemnifying Jennings from the consequences of acting as an MP while disqualified and validating his election . Several other MPs were similarly found to have been unknowingly disqualified in an ensuing investigation . Jennings retired from Parliament at the 1959 general election .
20th Indian Infantry Brigade The 20th Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during both World Wars . It was formed in September 1940 , by the conversion of the Khojak Brigade and assigned to the 9th Indian Infantry Division . In April 1941 , they were transferred to the 10th Indian Infantry Division and took part in the Anglo - Iraqi War , Syria - Lebanon campaign and the Anglo - Soviet invasion of Iran . Moving to Egypt in June 1942 , the brigade was overrun and largely destroyed at Gambut 18 June 1942 . The brigade was reformed in the Nile Delta and returned to the 10th Division . The brigade then took part in the Italian Campaign with 10th Division and ended the war in Italy .
John Walker Ryon John Walker Ryon ( March 4 , 1825 – March 12 , 1901 ) was a Democratic member of the U . S . House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . Biography . John W . Ryon was born in Elkland , Pennsylvania . He attended the common schools , Millville Academy in Orleans County , New York , and Wellsboro Academy in Wellsboro , Pennsylvania . He studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1847 and commenced practice in Lawrenceville , Pennsylvania . He served as district attorney of Tioga County , Pennsylvania , from 1850 to 1856 . During the American Civil War , Ryon assisted in the organization of Company A of the famous Bucktail Regiment . He was appointed by Governor Andrew Gregg Curtin as paymaster with the rank of major in the reserve corps . He moved to Pottsville , Pennsylvania , and resumed the practice of law . Ryon was elected as a Democrat to the Forty - sixth Congress . He served as president of the Pennsylvania National Bank for several years . He died in Pottsville in 1901 . Interment in St . Patrick ’ s ( No . 3 ) Cemetery .
Temporary duty assignment A temporary duty assignment ( TDA ) , also known as " temporary additional duty " ( TAD ) , " temporary duty travel " ( TDT ) or " temporary duty yonder " ( TDY ) , refers to a United States Government employee travel assignment at a location other than the employee ' s permanent duty station . This type of secondment is usually of relatively short duration , typically from two days to two months in length . Not all agencies use this designation . A temporary duty assignment can be to any location , be it 50 or 5 , 000 miles away , and some government agencies including the Defense Department , mandate they be less than six months in duration . Those agencies that do not mandate a six - month limit consider longer durations to be a Permanent Change of Station ( PCS ) . Temporary duty assignments usually come with per diem pay , covering lodging , meal s , and incidental expenses . Many employees value the per diem aspect of a TDA , since that money is guaranteed , even if they spend less than their allotted daily value . However , some agencies handle the lodging per diem separately from the meals and incidentals , and employees may not make money by staying at cheaper accommodations , or putting more than one person in a room . Typically , an employee may request a cash advance of 60 - 80 % of the total value of the meals and incidental expenses before the TDA per diem takes place , in order to prevent the employee from having to use his or her own money , or putting money on a personal credit card . Government travel card s are also typically available , though these sometimes carry restrictions on the types of goods or services that can be purchased with them . Some locations have furnished apartment s for long - term stay . These apartments have fully equipped kitchens so TDA recipients have an option of cooking rather than eating out all the time , and some may have free washing machine s and clothes dryer s . Some government agencies consider any assignment over 45 days as an extended TDA , which allows the employee to get reimbursed for part of the expenses before the end of the assignment .
Demophilus of Thespiae Demophilus or Demophilos ( ) , according to Herodotus , was the commander of a contingent of 700 Thespians at the Battle of Thermopylae ( 480 BC ) . His father was the Diadromes ( ) . He and his men fought at the battle and at the end they stood along with the 300 Spartans at the last stand and all were killed . The ancient Greek traveler and geographer Pausanias also wrote about the stay of the Thespians at Thermopylae together with the Spartans . After the Battle of Thermopylae , Persian army burned down the city of Thespiae . The citizens of the city had fled to the Peloponnese . Demophilos is immortalised in many books and movies . In the 1962 movie The 300 Spartans , Demophilus was portrayed by Greek actor Yorgos Moutsios ( credited as George Moutsios ) In Thermopylae there is a monument , next to the monument of Leonidas , in memory of him and his men . In addition , in the modern Thespiae , there is a monument dedicated to him .
62nd Volksgrenadier Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 62nd Volksgrenadier Division was a volksgrenadier division of the Heer ( German Army ) during the Second World War , active from 1944 to 1945 . The division was formed in November 1944 , by redesignating the 583rd Volksgrenadier Division , under the command of Friedrich Kittel . It contained the 164th , 183rd and 190th Grenadier Regiments , and the 162nd Artillery Regiment . The division fought in France and the Ardennes before being trapped in the Ruhr pocket , where it was destroyed in April 1945 .
Tajikistan – Uzbekistan border minefields The Uzbekistan – Tajikistan border minefields are the result of Uzbekistan ' s unilateral decision to indiscriminately mine rural areas along its border region with Tajikistan . This action is aimed at hindering drug trafficking and cross - border infiltrations of terrorists of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan , but the mines have caused many civilian casualties . Uzbekistan asserts that it is placing mines in its territory , but so far not all the boundaries between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have been delineated . By 2004 Tajikistan and Uzbekistan had settled almost 86 % of their 1 , 283 - km border dispute following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 .
Canterbury Castle Canterbury Castle is a Norman Castle in Canterbury , Kent , England ( ) . It is a five - minute walk from Canterbury East Station and main bus station around City Wall . Canterbury Castle was one of the three original Royal castles of Kent ( the other two being Rochester Castle and Dover Castle ) . They were all built soon after the Battle of Hastings , on the main Roman road from Dover to London . This was the route taken by William the Conqueror in October 1066 , and they were built originally as motte - and - bailey castles to guard this important route . Phases . Norman era . A wooden motte and bailey castle was erected in 1066 - its motte may be the mound which is still visible in the Dane John gardens near the stone castle ( which may in turn be a Roman burial mound ) , with Dane John deriving from " donjon " . Stone castle . The great stone keep was largely constructed in the reign of Henry I as one of three Royal castles in Kent . This massive structure , which has dimensions of about 98 by 85 feet externally at the base , was originally probably at least 80 feet high . It is mainly made of flint and sandstone rubble . By the 13th century the castle had become the county gaol . It was given up to the invading French in the First Barons ' War . In 1380 a new gate was built . By the 19th century it had been obtained by a gas company and used as a storage centre for gas for many years , during which time the top floor was destroyed . Tourist attraction . The Castle is now owned by the local authority and is open to the public all year round and is now one of the biggest tourist attractions in Canterbury , after the Cathedral .
USS LST - 59 USS " LST - 59 " was a which earned one battle star for service in World War II . The ship was laid down by the Dravo Corporation of Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , on 7 November 1943 . Launched on 18 December 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . Richard A . Lewis . Commissioned on 31 January 1944 , Lt . R . J . Mayer , USNR , in command . Between 6 – 25 June 1944 " LST - 59 " participated in the invasion of Normandy . On 29 June 1944 the 5th Naval Beach Battalion returned from Normandy to England aboard . The ship was decommissioned on 21 January 1946 , and struck from the Navy List on 25 February 1946 . Subsequently sold to Southern Shipwrecking Company of New Orleans in September 1947 , and scrapped .
Vought HVM Vought ' s HVM , short for Hyper - Velocity Missile , was an anti - tank missile developed during the 1980s . The HVM carried no warhead , and killed its targets with kinetic energy alone using a metal penetrator . Development as an air - launch weapon for the A - 10 Thunderbolt II ended sometime in the late 1980s , but continued for helicopter use into the 1990s along with ground - launch ( HMMWV ) as the larger the MGM - 166 LOSAT . None of these systems were ever deployed operationally . The HVM was intended to be a fairly inexpensive weapon , compared to the AGM - 65 Maverick at least , offering the standoff performance while requiring a minimum of support electronics . The target was acquired using a FLIR system on the launch vehicle , and after launch the missile quickly accelerated to 1500 m / s ( 5000 ft / s , 5400 km / h ) and into the view of the FLIR , which tracked both the target and missile from that point on . Corrections to the flight path were sent to the missile via a laser , the missile included the electronics needed to guide itself back to the correct flight path . The missile was just under 3 meters long and about 10 cm in diameter . The rear portion was flared out in a cone , which gives it some directional stability without requiring fold - out fins . Most of the stabilization was due to spin . Directional control was accomplished via thrust vectoring . The penetrator was housed under an ogive nose cone . The contract was initially sent to Vought Missiles and Space in late 1981 , and the first unpowered drop tests were carried out in March 1983 . A contract for joint development by the US Air Force , US Army and US Marine Corps followed in October 1984 , but the Air Force dropped out of the program some time in the late 1980s ( Janes ' says ' 87 - ' 89 ) . In 1988 Texas Instruments and Vought teamed up to enter a modified version of the HVM into the Army ' s new ( Advanced Anti - Tank Weapon System - Heavy ( AAWS - H ) contest , winning it as the MGM - 166 LOSAT ( or KEM , Kinetic Energy Missile ) with a slightly enlarged and finned version of the basic HVM system .
Dassault LOGIDUC The Dassault LOGIDUC - sometimes spelled Logiduc in French and LogiDuc in English - ( " Logique de Développement d ' UCAV " , French for " Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle development solution " ) was an autonomous industrial program launched in 1999 by the French aircraft manufacturer Dassault Aviation in view to develop its UAV design capacities . This French programme eventually led to the creation of the Dassault - Sagem Tactical UAV company and to the European " combat drone " project nEUROn . The LOGIDUC program consisted of a series of three stealth aerial vehicles , from scale 1 / 100 to 1 / 1 , in view to collect data required by the production of a fighter - sized stealth UCLAV type supporting the Dassault Rafale in the 2010s and to design autonomous stealth fighters primary used by the French Air Force circa 2025 . The two first vehicles , AVE - D and AVE - C , are scale model 1 / 100 ( 50kg ) and 1 / 10 ( 500kg ) stealth " tactical drones " ( UAV ) , while the final version was to be a full - scale ( 5 , 000kg ) prototype stealth " combat drone " ( UCAV ) . Each vehicle was given an owl name as " Duc " ( " duke " ) is the French name of a nocturnal bird of prey species known in Latin as " Otus " aka Scops owl . " Petit Duc " ( " small duke " ) stands for Scops Owl , " Moyen Duc " ( " medium duke " ) stands for Long - eared Owl and " Grand Duc " ( " large duke " ) is Eagle Owl . Other Dassault aircraft with bird names are the Dassault MD 315 Flamant ( Flamingo ) , the Dassault Falcon ( Falcon ) family and the Dassault Hirondelle ( swallow ) . LOGIDUC was a 3 - step program with the following aims : The Petit Duc and Moyen Duc both reached the flying stage ; the Grand Duc was cancelled in 2003 and replaced by the nEUROn European project .