naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Siege of Toruń ( 1658 ) The Siege of Toruń was one of the battles during the Swedish invasion of Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth ( Second Northern War / Deluge ) . It started on 2 July 1658 and ended on 30 December 1658 . Swedish garrison capitulated and Toruń returned to Polish hands . In mid - September 1657 , after the Siege of Krakow ( 1657 ) , the Holy Roman Empire army of 15 , 000 , allied to the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth , marched northwards . In late September , the Austrians concentrated near Plock . Polish King Jan Kazimierz wanted to use them to capture the fortified city of Toruń , but Austrian preparations for the siege were very slow and not completed before winter . Due to weather conditions , all military activities were postponed until spring 1658 , and the Austrians spent the winter in Greater Poland . Polish plans for 1658 were concentrated on gradual recapture of the province of Royal Prussia . First objective was Toruń , a strategically located Vistula river port , with modern fortifications . Due to Dano - Swedish War , most Austrians , under Field Marshall Raimondo Montecuccoli , left Poland and marched to Jutland . On July 2 , 1658 , Austrian division of 4 , 000 , under General Jean - Louis Raduit de Souches began the siege of Toruń . The Austrians were reinforced by Polish infantry , while the city was defended by a Swedish garrison of 2 , 400 , commanded by General Barthold Hartwig von Bulow . Swedes were supported by German - speaking , Protestant residents of Toruń . In the first weeks , Austrian and Polish commandants limited their activities to blocking the city . On July 26 , artillery barrage initiated an assault , which resulted in capture of several Swedish strongpoints . On August 1 , Krzysztof Grodzicki arrived with 3 , 000 infantry . Soon afterwards , Jan Sapieha brought 1 , 000 soldiers , also the division of Stefan Czarniecki ( 4 , 000 cavalry ) joined the Polish - Austrian forces . Furthermore , Brandenburg - Prussia division under Boguslaw Radziwill , which had switched alliances , cooperated with Poles . The division of Czarniecki remained near Toruń until early September , when it left Poland , marching towards Denmark . On October 12 , Czarniecki and his soldiers reached Hamburg . In September 1658 , Polish - Austrian forces were reinforced with a division of Jerzy Lubomirski , and on September 23 , Queen Marie Louise Gonzaga arrived to Torun , together with her court . By that time , the Polish army stationed near the city had almost 19 , 000 soldiers , while Austrian forces numbered 4 , 600 , with 40 cannons . Main assault took place in the night of November 16 / 17 , when Polish - Austrian soldiers captured three bastions , losing 1 , 000 men . The Swedish garrison finally capitulated on December 30 . During the siege , the Swedes lost 1 , 200 men , while Poles and Austrians lost 1 , 800 soldiers , including 1 , 500 Poles .
Electronic Defense Laboratories Electronic Defense Laboratories , located in Mountain View , California , known in the 1960s and 1970s simply as " EDL " , was a semi - private corporate entity essentially funded by the Department of Defense , but drew heavily on civilian scientific expertise from firms such as Sylvania Electronics . It was instrumental in development of post - Distant Early Warning line defense technologies , particularly in the area of microwave devices , and pioneered strategic communications capabilities such as the ECHO Balloon project , the forerunner of modern satellite telecommunications systems . Other projects included development of reconnaissance and countermeasures receivers for various covert and military applications . Much of its defense work was highly classified and remained strictly ' off - limits ' to the public sector .
Vernice Armour Vernice Armour ( born 1973 ) is a former United States Marine Corps officer who was the first African - American female naval aviator in the Marine Corps and the first African American female combat pilot in the U . S . Armed Forces . She flew the AH - 1W SuperCobra attack helicopter in the 2003 invasion of Iraq and eventually served two tours in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom . Early life and education . Armour was born in 1973 in Chicago , Illinois to Gaston C . Armour Jr . and Authurine Armour . After her parents divorced , Clarence Jackson married Authurine . Both her father and her stepfather had served in the military - Gaston Armour was a retired major in the U . S . Army Reserves , and Clarence Jackson was a former Marine Corps sergeant that served three tours in Vietnam . Her grandfather , too , was a Marine . Raised in Memphis , Tennessee , Armour graduated from Overton High School , where she was a member of the mathematics honor society , the National Honor Society , and class vice - president . Career . In 1993 , while a student at Middle Tennessee State University ( MTSU ) , Armour enlisted in the Army Reserves and later the Army ROTC . In 1996 , she took time off from college to become a Nashville police officer ( her childhood dream ) . She became the first female African - American on the motorcycle squad . Armour graduated from MTSU in 1997 . In 1998 , Armour became the first African American female to serve as a police officer in Tempe , Arizona before joining the U . S . Marines as an Officer Candidate in October 1998 . Commissioned a Second Lieutenant on December 12 , 1998 Armour was sent to flight school at Naval Air Station Corpus Christi , Texas and later Naval Air Station Pensacola , Florida . Earning her wings in July 2001 , Armour was not only number one in her class of twelve , she was number one among the last two hundred graduates . She became the Marine Corps ' first African - American female pilot . After flight school , Armour was assigned to Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton near San Diego , California for training in the AH - 1W SuperCobra . While at Camp Pendleton , she was named 2001 Camp Pendleton Female Athlete of the Year , twice won the Camp ' s annual Strongest Warrior Competition , and was a running back for the San Diego Sunfire women ' s football team . In March 2003 , she flew with HMLA - 169 during the invasion of Iraq becoming America ' s first African - American female combat pilot . She completed two combat tours in the Gulf . Afterwards , she was assigned to the Manpower and Reserve Affairs Equal Opportunity Branch as program liaison officer . Leaving the U . S . Marine Corps in June 2007 , Armour began a career as a professional speaker and expert on creating breakthroughs in life . In 2011 her book " Zero to Breakthrough : The 7 - Step , Battle - Tested Method for Accomplishing Goals that Matter " was published .
Joseph Cilley ( state senator ) Joseph Cilley ( 1734August 25 , 1799 ) was a New Hampshire state senator and general . Cilley was born in 1734 at Nottingham , New Hampshire to Captain J . Cilley of the Isles of Shoals and his wife Alice Rawlings . In 1758 Joseph Cilley joined Rogers ' Rangers and served in northern New York and Canada . On December 15 , 1774 Joseph was with John Langdon and John Sullivan in the raid on Fort William and Mary at New Castle , New Hampshire . At the start of the American Revolutionary War Joseph was appointed major of the 2nd New Hampshire Regiment . After the Siege of Boston Cilley was promoted to Lt . Col . in the 1st New Hampshire Regiment and he and the regiment were sent to reinforce the Continental Army in Canada fighting at the Battle of Trois - Rivières . With the defeat of the Continental Army in Canada the 1st New Hampshire was sent to New Jersey and Gen . George Washington ' s main army . Joseph took part in the Battle of Trenton and the Battle of Princeton . With the resignation of John Stark , Cilley took command of the 1st New Hampshire and led them during the Saratoga Campaign of 1777 , and the Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Stony Point in 1778 . In 1779 , Joseph and the 1st New Hampshire were with Gen . Sullivan in his campaign against the Iroquois and Loyalists in western New York . On March 19 , 1779 , the New Hampshire Assembly voted unanimously , " that the worthy Col . Jos . Cilley be presented with a pair of pistols as a token of this State ' s good intention to reward merit in a brave officer . " These pistols are now housed at the Museum of New Hampshire History in Concord , New Hampshire . Cilley retired from the Continental Army on January 1 , 1781 . After the war , he was appointed major general of the 1st Division of New Hampshire Militia , June 22 , 1786 . Cilley was elected to the New Hampshire Senate and Treasurer , Vice President and President of the Society of the Cincinnati in New Hampshire . Cilley died on August 25 , 1799 , at his home in Nottingham . Cilley married Sarah Longfellow on November 4 , 1756 . They had ten children , including Greenleaf Cilley , whose sons Joseph Cilley and Jonathan Cilley would become a U . S . Senator and a member of the U . S . House of Representatives , respectively .
Charge Chief Petty Officer Within the Marine Engineering ( ME ) Department , the “ Chief Tiff ” was a Chief Petty Officer Marine Engineering Artificer ( CPOMEA ) , who was the senior skilled ME technical rating onboard and had functional authority over all ME artificers and mechanicians . The Chief Stoker was a Chief Marine Engineering Mechanic ( CMEM ) , who was the senior semi - skilled ME technical rating onboard and was responsible for the ME watchbill and for discipline within the ME department . The highest ranking non - commissioned officer was the Fleet Chief Petty Officer ( FCPO ) . In 1983 , mechanicians were re - categorised as Marine Engineering Artificers ( MEAs ) . In 1986 , the FCPO was retitled Warrant Officer ( WO ) and the “ Chief Tiff ” was replaced by the rate of Charge Chief Marine Engineering Artificer ( CCMEA ) . In 2004 , the WO was retitled WO1 and the CCMEA became WO2 .
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Razvozov Aleksandr Vladimirovich Razvozov ( ) ( 1879 – 1920 ) was a Russian and Soviet admiral . He was the first commander of the Soviet Baltic Fleet . Razvozov was born into a Naval family in Reval , Estonia . He graduated from the Sea Cadet Corps in 1889 and first served on the cruiser " Gerzog Edinburgski " . He specialised in torpedo warfare and became torpedo officer on the battleship Retvizan in 1901 and served aboard that ship during the Russo - Japanese War . He took part in the Siege of Port Arthur and the Battle of the Yellow Sea . Razvozov was repatrated in 1906 in the last tranche of Prisoners of War and taught at the mine and torpedo school in Kronstadt . In 1907 he was appointed torpedo officer on the cruiser " Rurik ( ii ) " . In 1912 he was given command of the destroyer " Burny " and in 1914 the destroyer " Ussuriyets " . On the outbreak of war he commanded a destroyer squadron of the Baltic Fleet . Razvozov was appointed commander of the destroyer forces of the Baltic Fleet in March 1917 and was given command of the Fleet itself in June 1917 . He was dismissed from service in late 1917 and then re - instated and finally dismissed an arrested in March 1918 . Razvozov was soon released and worked in the naval archive during the remainder of 1918 and 1919 . He was arrested by the Cheka in September 1919 on suspicion of conspiracy with the White Russia n forces of General Yudenich . He was imprisoned in the Kresty Prison and died of infection following an appendectomy . He is buried in the Smolensky Cemetery in St Petersburg . Sources . " This Article is translated from Russian Wikipedia "
203rd General Hospital The United States Army ' s 203rd General Hospital was activated on February 10 , 1941 , to meet anticipated military medical needs of a country preparing for war . Initially , the group was stationed at Fort Lewis , Washington , as a subsidiary of the base hospital there , and its primary function was to train medical technicians as army hospital and clinic support staff . In 1942 , the mission of the 203rd changed : it was completely reorganized as an independent general hospital unit , and ordered to prepare for combat operations overseas . In December , 1943 , commanded by Colonel James H . Turner , the unit left Fort Lewis for an east coast port of embarkation , and then , over 600 strong , set sail for an unknown theater of war . In early January , 1944 , the unit landed in Scotland , and was transported by train to Southern England , where they joined other hospital units preparing to provide medical support for the coming invasion of Nazi - occupied Europe . In England , they continued their combat and medical training in Petworth and Swindon , and by April , 1944 , had established an 834 - bed hospital plant at Broadwell Grove near Burford , where they eventually cared for troops wounded in the June 6 , 1944 , D - Day invasion of Northern France . In July , 1944 , the 203rd followed allied armies to Normandy , landed on Utah Beach , and provided field hospital care during the Campaigns of Normandy and Northern France . After the liberation of Paris in August , 1944 , the 203rd was assigned to a hospital plant in the Parisian region , where they administered and staffed in Garches , the largest medical establishment of the European Theater of Operations . During their tenure in Paris — from September , 1944 , through July , 1945 — over 65 , 000 patients were cared for by the 203rd . Unit members who had served with the 203rd since its arrival in France were awarded Bronze Star s for both the Normandy and Northern France campaigns . In November , 1945 , the 203rd was deactivated by the U . S . Army . External links . 203rd General Hospital Veteran ' s Website
Richard W . Johnson Richard W . Johnson ( 1827 – 1897 ) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Personal life . Richard Woodhouse Johnson was born in Kentucky on February 27 , 1827 in Smithland , Livingston County , Kentucky to James Johnson ( 1785 – 1837 ) and Louisa Harmon Johnson ( 1790 – 1837 ) . Johnson married Rachael Elizabeth Steele ( 1826 – April 7 , 1891 ) . Their sons were Captain Alfred Bainbridge Johnson ( March 31 , 1853 – March 18 , 1897 ) and Major Richard Woodhouse Johnson ( January 15 , 1855 – July 24 , 1929 ) . Early career . Johnson graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1849 and up to the time of the American Civil War was employed chiefly on frontier service . In 1861 he was commissioned colonel in the 3rd Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Cavalry and soon afterward became a Brigadier General , United States Volunteers . He took part as a cavalry commander in the western campaigns of 1861 and 1862 and on August 21 , 1862 , was defeated and captured by Colonel John Hunt Morgan , whom he had been sent to drive out of Tennessee . In the Army of the Cumberland . In the Battle of Stones River Johnson commanded a division on the right flank under Major General Alexander McCook . Johnson ' s command was flanked from its position by the initial Confederate attack . At the Chickamauga , his division of the XIV Corps formed part of the command of General Thomas . During the battle of Chattanooga , it was one of the divisions that charged up Missionary Ridge . The next year he commanded a division in the Army of the Cumberland during the invasion of Georgia and was severely wounded at the battle of New Hope Church ( May 28 , 1864 ) . Cavalry service . On August 22 , 1864 Johnson was made chief of cavalry of the Military Division of the Mississippi . He commanded a cavalry division at the battle of Nashville . On the second day of the battle , Johnson was given the brevet rank of major general of volunteers , supplemented on March 13 , 1865 by the brevet rank of brigadier general in the regular army , and on the same day was brevetted major general in the regular army for " gallant and meritorious services during the war . " Johnson was left behind when Maj . Gen . James H . Wilson began his raid into Alabama in 1865 . Post war . Johnson was mustered out of the volunteer service on January 15 , 1866 , and became provost marshal general of the Military Division of the Tennessee , and later acting judge advocate in various military departments . He resigned in 1867 with the rank of major , which grade by an Act of Congress ( March 3 , 1875 ) was changed to that of brigadier general . He published " A Soldier ' s Reminiscences in Peace and War " ( 1866 ) and a " Memoir of Major General George H . Thomas " ( 1881 ) . Johnson died on April 21 , 1897 in Saint Paul , Ramsey County , Minnesota , and is buried there in Oakland Cemetery .
USS Karnes ( APA - 175 ) USS " Karnes " ( APA - 175 ) was a " Haskell " - class attack transport acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II for the task of transporting troops to and from combat areas . World War II service . " Karnes " ( " APA - 175 " ) was launched 7 November 1944 by Oregon Shipbuilding Corp . , Portland , Oregon , for the Maritime Commission ; sponsored by Miss Nora Clancy ; acquired and commissioned by the Navy 3 December 1944 , Captain R . B . Miller in command . Landing troops on Saipan and embarking the wounded . After shakedown along the California coast " Karnes " arrived Pearl Harbor 13 February 1945 with passengers and cargo from the U . S . West Coast . Six days later she sailed in convoy to land troops at Saipan and other staging areas in the Pacific Ocean . At Saipan she embarked 406 U . S . Marines wounded in the Iwo Jima campaign and returned Pearl Harbor 17 March . Reinforcing Okinawa with troops and supplies . With the Okinawa invasion well underway , " Karnes " departed Pearl Harbor 7 April with troops and supplies to reinforce Americans fighting on that bitterly contested island . She arrived Okinawa 3 May and unloaded troops and equipment while under heavy kamikaze attack . She departed the battle zone 8 May with 866 survivors of ships damaged by kamikazes . " Karnes " discharged some survivors at Saipan and arrived San Francisco , California , 27 May with the remaining group . She returned to the embattled Pacific islands , arriving Manila 1 July with troop replacements and cargo . Following this mission , the transport returned Pearl Harbor 23 July to begin training for the anticipated invasion of the Japanese home islands and maneuvers . End - of - war " mopping - up " operations . Upon the cessation of hostilities 14 August " Karnes " began preparing for the occupation of Japan , arriving at Sasebo 22 September . She was then assigned to Operation Magic Carpet duty returning men eligible for discharge , and arrived San Francisco 11 November with her first group of veterans . " Karnes " ended a second " Magic Carpet " cruise 12 January 1946 , returning American fighting men from China . Post - war decommissioning . On 13 February she departed San Francisco and arrived Norfolk , Virginia , 2 March where she decommissioned 11 April 1946 and was struck from the Navy list . " Karnes " was returned to the War Shipping Administration ( WSA ) 24 April 1946 . She entered the National Defense Reserve Fleet and was berthed in James River , Virginia . In 1974 " Karnes " was sold for scrapping . Military awards and honors . " Karnes " received one battle star for World War II service at Okinawa .
Herbert Nau Herbert Georg Nau ( 8 April 1913 – 28 August 1944 ) was a Korvettenkapitän with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . Herbert Nau was killed in an automobile accident in Yvetot , France
Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy Vimaladharmasuriya I , also known as Konappu Bandara before Coronation and Dom Joan of Austria or Don Jhon Appuhamy , was a king of Sri Lanka who ruled the country from 1590 to 1604 . He was a late 16th - century to early 17th - century king of the Kandyan Kingdom , located in the central hills of the present - day island nation of Sri Lanka . His reputation was built when he successfully repulsed two major Portuguese offensives in to Kandy . In 1594 the battle of Danture and in 1602 the Battle of Balana , in both of which the Portuguese had a humiliating defeat . Reign . King Vimaladharmasuriya is regarded by some historians as the Kandyan Kingdom ' s second founder , responsible for its revival . Born Konnappu Bandara , he was baptized under the Portuguese name of Don João da Austria . In 1594 he married Princess Kusmasana Devi who , as Dona Catherina , was put forward by the Portuguese as the rightful claimant to the throne and became king . After renouncing Christianity and embracing Buddhism , Vimaladharmasuriya constructed a two - tiered shrine close to his palace in order to sanctify his capital Kandy and accommodate the politically important relic known as Buddha ’ s Tooth . The Dutch explorer Joris van Spilbergen offered an alliance to fight off the Portuguese . Following these negotiations , Sebald de Weert was sent officially by Admiral Wybrand van Warwijck to mount a joint counter - attack against the Portuguese . The alliance ended in disaster however during a drinking party , where the Dutch became rowdy , De Weert according to François Valentijn insulted the queen , and De Weert and all 47 Dutchmen accompanying him consequently were killed . An alliance would not be possible again until 1612 , when a new Dutch envoy , Marcellus de Boschouwer , established a treaty with King Senarat , ultimately leading to the eviction of the Portuguese from the island , and about one century of Dutch rule , until the British in turn took the island . Buddhism . At the time of his coronation Buddhism was on the verge of disappearing from the island . The king learned that ordained Buddhist monks no longer existed on the island so he sent one of his ministers to Southern Burma and reestablished Buddhism in the island . By this time the Relic of the tooth of the Buddha was hidden in Delgamuwa vihara in Sabaragamuwa province . The king brought the Tooth relic to Kandy and built a two storied Temple near the royal palace to house the relic . He also repaired many ruined Buddhist temples throughout his kingdom .
Operation Bison ( Jammu & Kashmir 1948 ) < br > Operation Bison is the codename of the assault and capture of Zoji La , Dras and Kargil district in Ladakh by the Indian Army during the Indo - Pakistani War of 1947 . Zoji La had been seized by Pakistani raiders in 1948 in their campaign to capture Ladakh . The pass was captured by Indian forces on 1 November in a daring assault , which achieved success primarily due to the surprise use of armour , then the highest altitude at which armour had operated in combat in the world . Initially , an unsuccessful attack was launched by 77 Parachute Brigade ( Brig Atal ) to capture Zoji La . Operation Duck , the earlier epithet for this assault , was renamed as Operation Bison by Lt Gen Cariappa , the Western Army commander . M5 Stuart light tanks of 7 Cavalry were moved in dismantled conditions through Srinagar and winched across bridges while two field companies of the Madras Sappers converted the mule track from Baltal up the Zoji La to Gumri into a jeep track . The surprise attack on 1 November by the brigade with armour supported by two regiments of 25 pounders and a regiment of 3 . 7 inch guns , saw the Pakistanis being surprised . The pass was forced and the raider column pushed back to Matayan and later Dras . The brigade linked up on 24 November at Kargil with Indian troops advancing from Leh while the Pakistanis eventually withdrew northwards toward Skardu .