naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert H . Carnahan Robert H . Carnahan was an American Union brevet brigadier general during the period of the American Civil War . He served enlisted as an officer with the 3rd Illinois Cavalry Consolidated in August 1861 . Carnahan ' s unit served as part of John C . Fremont ' s effort to capture Springfield , Missouri . When he arrived in Springfield , only 30 families remained . In December 1861 , his unit became part of the Army of the Southwest Missouri led by General Samuel Ryan Curtis . Carnahan was a lieutenant colonel by the time of the Battle of Nashville in late 1864 . He received his appointment as brevet brigadier general dated to October 28 , 1865 .
No . 5 Operational Training Unit RAAF No . 5 Operational Training Unit ( 5OTU ) was an operational training unit of the Royal Australian Air Force during World War II . History . 5OTU was formed at RAAF Base Forest Hill , Wagga Wagga on 26 October 1942 as a light bomber training unit equipped with Beaufort and Beaufighter aircraft . The unit was later equipped with Boston and Mosquito bombers and moved to Tocumwal in 1943 and RAAF Base Williamtown in 1944 . After the disbandment of No . 4 Operational Training Unit ( 4OTU ) at Williamtown on 30 April 1944 , a small detachment from 4OTU was left behind at the base , pending the arrival of 5OTU . The detachment of 4OTU handed over RAAF Base Williamtown to a 5OTU detachment , which arrived on 1 May 1944 . 5OTU became a crew conversion unit after the war and was disbanded in July 1947 . 5OTU was reformed at Williamtown on 1 April 1970 to provide RAAF pilots with fast jet conversion training and was disbanded on 31 July 1971 .
Frederick Powell Major Frederick James Powell was a World War I flying ace credited with six confirmed and nine unconfirmed aerial victories . Powell began his military career with the Manchester Regiment . After being granted Royal Aero Club Certificate No . 1130 on 2 March 1915 , he was posted to 5 Squadron . He staked his first two claims for aerial victories on 19 September 1915 while flying a Vickers Gunbus , one claim being confirmed . After a string of four unconfirmed claims during October and November 1915 , he scored number two exactly three months after the first win , on 19 December . He had one more unconfirmed claim while flying the FB . 5 , on the second day of the new year . He was awarded the Military Cross a week later . As B Flight Commander , he then flew the first Royal Aircraft Factory FE . 8 to go into action in France , No . 7457 . He was rather proprietarian about it , supposedly refusing leave time to monopolize flying it on a daily basis . He scored his first win with the new plane on 17 January 1916 ; by 12 March , he had three unconfirmed wins , and three more triumphs credited to him , including one with Gilbert W . M . Green serving as his gunner / observer . He was transferred into 40 Squadron as one of its founding flight commanders ; the squadron , formed in February 1916 and sent to France in August of that year , was the first unit to be equipped with the RE . 8 . On 2 August 1917 , he was appointed to command of 41 Squadron . He served in this capacity until 2 February 1918 , when he survived being shot down by Max Kuhn of Jasta 10 . He spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner of war . Postwar , Powell was stationed with 28 Squadron in India . He went on to win the Order of the British Empire . In his later years , he lived in Dorset .
Robert M . Polich , Sr . Robert M . Polich ( born June 7 , 1921 ) is a former United States Army Air Corps pilot and a recipient of the United States military ' s decoration — the Distinguished Flying Cross — for his actions in World War II . Biography . Polich joined the United States Army Air Corps from Crosby , Minnesota , beginning as an enlisted man assigned to the Coastal Artillery in San Diego , California . He later became a pilot and earned his wings in October 1943 as he was commissioned as a 2nd Lt . Lt . Polich and his crew flew many missions in their B - 17 " Flying Fortress " based at the RAF Chelveston being assigned to the 8th Air Force , 365th Bombardment Squadron , 305th Air Mobility Wing - then called the 305th Bomb Group ( Heavy ) . On the 29th mission - a bombing run on the Leona Oil Works in Germany , Lt . Polich and his crew were shot down , soon finding themselves as prisoners of war . Polich was injured during his jump from the burning plane and was later awarded the Purple Heart Medal . After being captured in Germany , Lt . Polich was first brought to a German hospital , then later confined in Stalag Luft III . Early in 1945 Polich , along with many other prisoners of war were transferred to Stalag VII - A , near Moosburg , Germany . On April 29 , 1945 the POW camp was liberated by the 14th Armored Division . Captain Robert M . Polich , Sr . retired from the Air Force in 1966 after 22 years of service .
William Tudor William Tudor ( March 28 , 1750 – July 8 , 1819 ) was a wealthy lawyer and leading citizen of Boston . His eldest son William Tudor ( 1779 - 1830 ) became a leading literary figure in Boston . Another son , Frederic Tudor , founded the Tudor Ice Company and became Boston ' s " Ice King " , shipping ice to the tropics from many local sources of fresh water including Walden Pond , Fresh Pond , and Spy Pond in Arlington , Massachusetts . Life . Tudor received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Harvard College in 1769 , studied law in the office of John Adams was admitted to the Massachusetts Bay Colony Bar , July 27 , 1772 , and became outstanding in his profession . He joined George Washington ' s army in Cambridge where he provided legal advice to Washington and , on July 29 , 1775 , was appointed Judge Advocate of the Continental Army with the rank of colonel , and then Judge Advocate General ( ranked Lieutenant - Colonel ) on August 10 , 1776 . He was also Lieutenant - Colonel of Henley ' s Additional Continental Regiment . He married Delia Jarvis on March 5 , 1778 and resigned from the army on April 9 , 1778 to re - establish himself as a lawyer . His practice flourished , and upon his father ' s death in 1796 he inherited an estate worth the then - considerable sum of $ 40 , 000 . Six of their children survived infancy and early childhood : William Tudor ( 1779 - 1830 ) ; John Henry ( 1782 – 1802 ) , who roomed with Washington Allston at Harvard ; Frederic ( September 4 , 1783 – February 6 , 1864 ) ; Emma Jane ( 1785 – 1865 ) , who married Robert Hallowell Gardiner ; Delia ( 1787 – 1861 ) , who became the wife of Charles Stewart , captain of the USS " Constitution " ; and Henry James ( 1791 – 1864 ) . Tudor served as a Representative of Boston in the Massachusetts General Court , 1781 – 1794 ; as a State Senator , 1801 and 1802 ; Secretary of the Commonwealth , 1808 and 1809 ; and was a founder of the Massachusetts Historical Society , whose first meeting was held on January 24 , 1791 in his house on Court Street , Boston . The Tudors ' summer estate in Lynn ( now Nahant ) , Massachusetts , was accumulated over the course of 25 years . In August 1787 , Tudor bought the first of farmland plus of woodland . In May 1788 , his father John Tudor purchased of land as well as of salt marsh in May 1788 . William Tudor then purchased more salt marsh in 1790 , of farmland in 1793 , of pine grove in 1799 and more in 1801 . After subsequent improvement by Tudor ' s son Frederic , the property has become the Nahant Country Club . Tudor also owned a country estate in Saugus , Massachusetts ( then part of Lynn ) , which he had inherited from his father . Known as " Rockwood " , it was from the estate ' s pond that Tudor ' s son Frederic began harvesting ice for shipment to the Caribbean . The Tudors vacated the property in 1807 and leased it to other families until 1823 , when it was purchased by the town for use as a poor farm . The farm was torn down in the 1950s and the property was used as the location for a new Saugus High School .
Sylver Vertical Launching System The Sylver ( SYstème de Lancement VERtical ) is a vertical launching system ( VLS ) designed by DCNS . The launcher comes in several variants , each distinguished by their height . A - 35 and A - 43 were developed for launching short range surface - to - air missiles , the A - 50 for the long - range PAAMS air defense system , and the A - 70 launcher for larger missiles such as the SCALP Naval land attack cruise missile . The numbers refer to the approximate length of the missile which can be accommodated , in decimetres , i . e . the A - 43 can hold missiles which are up to 4 . 3 metres long whilst the A - 70 can accommodate missiles up to 7 metres long . The launchers come in eight - cell modules , except A - 35 available in four - cell modules , with each eight - cell module occupying six square metres of deck space . Inner size cell is 60 cm long and 56 cm wide , and each cell has its own exhaust vent . Crotale NG ( VT1 ) missiles can be quad - packed in one cell . The primary application of the launcher has been the MBDA Aster missile . The Sylver , together with the Aster , is the primary component of the PAAMS naval anti - air warfare system . Using PAAMS , up to eight missiles can be launched in 10 seconds . The French Navy has initiated studies to convert the SCALP EG missile to be capable of launch from the Sylver . This missile , the SCALP Naval , would give France a land attack capability in the mould of the U . S . Tomahawk missile . It would also be attractive to the Royal Navy , whose Type 45 destroyer s will be equipped with the Sylver launcher , although the A50 type cannot take this missile at present . Specifications . The basic unit of Sylver VLS is an eight - cell module fitted with two rolls of 22 - inch missile cells surrounding the uptake for exhaust gas , and the specifications for different models is as follows :
French ship Auguste The Auguste was a 80 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . In 1781 and 1782 , she took part in the Naval operations in the American Revolutionary War , under Admiral de Grasse . She fought at the Battle of the Chesapeake under captain Bougainville . In March 1793 , she was renamed " Jacobin " . She took part in the Bataille du 13 prairial an 2 , where she followed the flagship " Montagne " , and failed to prevent HMS " Queen Charlotte " from breaking the French line . In December 1794 , she was renamed " Neuf Thermidor " . On 29 January , as she took part in the Croisière du Grand Hiver , she was caught in a tempest off Brest and wrecked with the loss of most of her crew .
Daniel D . Bruce Daniel Dean Bruce ( May 18 , 1950 – March 1 , 1969 ) was a United States Marine who posthumously received the Medal of Honor for heroism in Vietnam . In March 1969 , he was on night watch when an enemy explosive charge was thrown at his position , he caught it , held it close to his body , and ran from his position , saving the lives of three fellow Marines . Biography . Daniel Bruce was born on May 18 , 1950 in Michigan City , Indiana , where he attended Garfield Grammar School , Barker Jr . High School , and Elston Sr . High School . He enlisted in the U . S . Marine Corps Reserve in Chicago , Illinois on May 20 , 1968 and was discharged to enlist in the regular Marine Corps on July 17 , 1968 . Upon completion of recruit training with the 2nd Recruit Training Battalion , Recruit Training Regiment , Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego , California in September 1968 , he was transferred to the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton , California . He completed individual combat training with Company U , 3rd Battalion , 2nd Infantry Training Regiment in November , and basic infantry training with Weapons Company , Basic Infantry Training Battalion , 2nd Infantry Training Regiment in December . On January 1 , 1969 , Bruce was promoted to private first class , and later that month was ordered to the Republic of Vietnam . He was assigned duty as anti - tank assault man with Headquarters and Service Company , 3rd Battalion , 5th Marines , 1st Marine Division . While participating in combat at Fire Support Base Tomahawk , Quang Nam Province , on March 1 , 1969 , he was killed in action — for his gallantry on this occasion , which saved the lives of three fellow Marines , he was awarded the Medal of Honor . He was on night watch when an enemy explosive was thrown at his position . He caught the charge , held it to his body , and ran from his position — away from fellow Marines who would have been killed by the explosion . Seconds later , the charge exploded and the full force of the blast was absorbed by Bruce . Decorations . A complete list of his medals and decorations includes : the Medal of Honor , the Purple Heart , the National Defense Service Medal , the Vietnam Service Medal with one bronze star , and the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal . Medal of Honor citation . The President of the United States in the name of the The Congress takes pride in presenting the MEDAL OF HONOR to posthumously to PRIVATE FIRST CLASS DANIEL D . BRUCE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS for service as set forth in the following CITATION : / S / RICHARD M . NIXON The Wall . Daniel Dean Bruce has his name inscribed on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial on panel 31W , line 099 .
Sancho I of Portugal Sancho I ( ) , nicknamed " the Populator " ( ) , King of Portugal ( 11 November 1154 – 26 March 1212 , both Coimbra ) was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fourth child of Afonso I of Portugal by his wife , Maud of Savoy . Sancho succeeded his father in 1185 . He used the title King of Silves from 1189 until he lost the territory to Almohad control in 1191 . Early life . In 1170 , Sancho was knighted by his father , King Afonso I , and from then on he became his second in command , both administratively and militarily . At this time , the independence of Portugal ( declared in 1139 ) was not firmly established . The kings of León and Castile were trying to re - annex the country and the Roman Catholic Church was late in giving its blessing and approval . Due to this situation Afonso I had to search for allies within the Iberian Peninsula . Portugal made an alliance with the Crown of Aragon and together they fought Castile and León . To secure the agreement , Infante Sancho of Portugal married , in 1174 , Infanta Dulce of Aragon , younger sister of King Alfonso II of Aragon . Aragon was thus the first Iberian kingdom to recognize the independence of Portugal . Succession . With the death of Afonso I in 1185 , Sancho I became the second king of Portugal . Coimbra was the centre of his kingdom ; Sancho terminated the exhausting and generally pointless wars against his neighbours for control of the Galician borderlands . Instead , he turned all his attentions to the south , towards the Moorish small kingdoms ( called taifa s ) that still thrived . With Crusade r help he took Silves in 1191 . Silves was an important city of the South , an administrative and commercial town with population estimates around 20 , 000 people . Sancho ordered the fortification of the city and built a castle which is today an important monument of Portuguese heritage . However , military attention soon had to be turned again to the North , where León and Castile threatened again the Portuguese borders . Silves was again lost to the Moors . Legacy . Sancho I dedicated much of his reign to political and administrative organization of the new kingdom . He accumulated a national treasure , supported new industries and the middle class of merchants . Moreover , he created several new towns and villages ( like Guarda in 1199 ) and took great care in populating remote areas in the northern Christian regions of Portugal , notably with Flemings and Burgundians – hence the nickname " the Populator " . The king was also known for his love of knowledge and literature . Sancho I wrote several books of poems and used the royal treasure to send Portuguese students to European universities . Marriage and descendants . Sancho married Dulce of Aragon , daughter of Raymond Berengar IV , Count of Barcelona , and Petronilla , Queen of Aragon .
Walter Couchman Admiral Sir Walter Thomas Couchman KCB CVO DSO OBE ( 1905 - 2 May 1981 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Vice Chief of the Naval Staff . Naval career . Educated at the Royal Naval College , Osborne , Couchman joined the Royal Navy and specialized in naval aviation . He served in World War II as Commander in the Air Materials Division and then as Commanding Officer of the destroyer HMS " Veteran " . In 1941 he was appointed Staff Officer ( Plans ) for the Mediterranean Fleet . Later in the War he became Naval Assistant ( Underwater Weapons ) and then Chief Staff Officer to the Flag Officer Air ( Home ) . After the War he became Captain of the aircraft carrier HMS Glory and then , from 1947 , Director of Naval Air Organisation and Training at the Admiralty . He went on to be Flag Officer , Flying Training in 1951 , Flag Officer , Heavy Squadron in 1953 , Flag Officer , Aircraft Carriers in 1954 and Deputy Controller of Supplies ( Air ) at the Ministry of Supply in 1955 . He became Flag Officer Air ( Home ) in 1957 and Vice Chief of the Naval Staff in 1960 . He retired in 1961 . Family . He married Phyllida Connellan . Following the dissolution of his first marriage , he married Hughe Thelma Hunter Blair née Reid in 1965 .
HMS K14 HMS " K14 " was a K class submarine built by Fairfields in Govan , Scotland . She was laid down in November 1915 , and commissioned on 22 May 1917 . " K14 " was part of the Battle of May Island exercise on 31 January 1918 , in which her steering jammed while avoiding a collision . She was rammed by behind the forward torpedo compartment , but did not sink , and was repaired . Two men were lost . " K14 " was sold on 16 February 1926 at Granton .
Charles W . Morgan ( naval officer ) Commodore Charles W . Morgan ( 1790 – 1853 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812 . Biography . Born in Virginia , Morgan served during the War of 1812 as a lieutenant on the " Constitution " during her battle with the and also served aboard the " Franklin " . He later commanded " North Carolina " and served as the Commodore of the Mediterranean Squadron . Morgan died in Washington , D . C . He was survived by his wife , Julia . He should not be confused with Charles Waln Morgan ( 1796 - 1861 ) , the original owner of the whaling ship " Charles W . Morgan " , which is preserved by Mystic Seaport in Stonington , Connecticut .
Distinguished Flying Medal The Distinguished Flying Medal was ( until 1993 ) a military decoration awarded to personnel of the Royal Air Force ( United Kingdom ) and the other services , and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries , below commissioned rank , for " an act or acts of valour , courage or devotion to duty whilst flying in active operations against the enemy " . The medal was established on 3 June 1918 . It was the other ranks ' equivalent to the Distinguished Flying Cross , which was awarded to commissioned officers and Warrant Officer s ( although WOs could also be awarded the DFM ) , although it ranked below the DFC in order of precedence , between the Military Medal and the Air Force Medal . Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Medal are entitled to use the post - nominal letters " DFM " . In 1993 the DFM was discontinued , and since then the Distinguished Flying Cross has been awarded to personnel of all ranks . During World War I , approximately 105 DFMs were awarded , with 2 first award bar s . During World War II , 6 , 637 DFMs were awarded , with 60 first award bars . Some 165 were awarded to aircrew from other non - Commonwealth countries . A second bar to the DFM was uniquely awarded to Flight Sergeant Donald Ernest Kingaby in November 1941 .
William Young ( VC ) William Young VC ( 1 January 1876 – 27 August 1916 ) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was 39 years old , and a private in the 8th ( S ) Battalion , The East Lancashire Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 22 December 1915 , east of Fonquevillers , France , Private Young saw from his trench that one of his company ' s NCOs was lying wounded in front of the wire . Acting without orders and heedless of his exposure to enemy fire , he climbed over the parapet and went to the rescue of his sergeant . He was hit by two bullets , one shattered his jaw and the other entered his chest . Undeterred , he went on and , with another soldier who came to assist , brought the wounded sergeant back to safety . Later Private Young walked back to the village dressing station to have his injuries attended to . He spent the next four months in the hospital , but died in August 1916 when undergoing surgery . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed in the Lancashire at War exhibition at The Museum of Lancashire " ( Preston , Lancashire , England ) " .
Trond André Bolle Trond André Bolle ( 1968 – 2010 ) was a Norwegian military officer and a commando of Marinejegerkommandoen ( Norwegian Navy Special Operations Command , NORNAVSOC ) , with the rank of " Orlogskaptein " . He was awarded the War Cross . Career . Lieutenant Commander Bolle was awarded the War Cross with Sword ( posthumously ) on 21 January 2011 . The decision was announced by the Minister of Defence , Grete Faremo , shortly after the cabinet session the same day . LtCmdr . Bolle receives the award for his actions and behaviour during his command of the Norwegian Special Operations Force Task Group II in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan ' s Helmand province from October 2005 to February 2006 . According to the Minister of Defence , LtCmdr Bolle performed " above and beyond the call of duty " on numerous occasions during this period , his leadership was described as " exemplary " . He " was a part " of intelligence agency E 14 . Transport of children out of Morocco . He and three other former members of E14 ( an intelligence organization ) , smuggled the two children of Khalid Skah and Cecilie Hopstock out of Morocco , in 2009 . Death . Lieutenant Commander Trond André Bolle was killed on 27 June 2010 , in an IED incident in Afghanistan ' s Faryab province . Three other ISAF - soldiers from Norway were also killed in the incident , which happened on the road between Khwaja Gawhar and Almar Bazar . The vehicle was the last vehicle in a column of four vehicles . This award marks the first award of the War Cross with Sword for actions performed after the end of World War II . The award was presented on Veterans day ( also Victory in Europe Day ) , 8 May 2011 .