naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Philippine Army Air Corps The Philippine Army Air Corps was created by the Philippine National Assembly ' s National Defense Act of 1935 . By 1940 , the corps had around 40 aircraft and 100 pilots , 500 personnel , and six squadrons . In August 1941 , the PAAC was inducted into the United States Army and incorporated into the Far East Air Force . The first Philippine Army airfield ( Zablan Airfield ) was built outside of Manila , Luzon in 1935 . At this time only three pilot trainers were available in the Philippines . Courses in flying and technical training were given in the mainland United States to selected students . After the war the airfield was closed and became Camp Emilio Aguinaldo . On 31 July 1941 the corps consisted of 2 , 132 enlisted troops , under the command of 275 officers : Aircraft . As of 8 December 1941 . Numbers in ( ) indicate number of aircraft that were usable , where records are available . Aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force . These aircraft were part of the 26th Sentai of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service stationed during World War II : Organization of The Philippine Army Air Corps as of 8 December 1941 . This information needs to be checked for accuracy .
571st Strategic Missile Squadron The 571st Strategic Missile Squadron ( 571 SMS ) is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 390th Strategic Missile Wing , stationed at Davis - Monthan Air Force Base , Arizona . The 571 SMS was equipped with the LGM - 25C Titan II Intercontinental ballistic missile ( ICBM ) , with a mission of nuclear deterrence . The squadron was inactivated as part of the phaseout of the Titan II ICBM on 31 July 1984 . History . World War II . Activated in early 1943 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bomb squadron , trained under Second Air Force . Deployed to England in the European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) during July 1943 , assigned to VIII Bomber Command as a strategic bombardment squadron . Participated in the air offensive over Nazi Germany and Occupied Europe until German capitulation in May 1945 . Personnel demobilized in England and returned to the United States ; squadron reassigned to Second Air Force and was programmed to be re - equipped with B - 29 Superfortress es for deployment to Pacific Theater . Japanese capitulation led to units inactivation in August 1945 , being neither manned or equipped . Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Squadron . Reactivated and redesignated as a Strategic Air Command LGM - 25C Titan II ICBM Strategic Missile Squadron in 1961 . Operated nine Titan II underground silos constructed beginning in 1960 . The first missile silo ( 571 - 9 ) went on operational alert on 6 Apr 1963 . The 9 missile silos controlled by the 571st Strategic Missile Squadron remained on alert for over 20 years during the Cold War . In October 1981 , President Ronald Reagan announced that as part of the strategic modernization program , Titan II systems were to be retired by October 1 , 1987 . Inactivation of the sites ( 571 - 7 ) began on 12 Nov 1982 ; the last ( 571 - 8 ) being inactivated on 8 Feb 1984 . The squadron was inactivated on 31 July . After removal from service , the silos had reusable equipment removed by Air Force personnel , and contractors retrieved salvageable metals before destroying the silos with explosives and filling them in . Access to the vacated control centers was blocked off . Local aviation enthusiasts associated with the Pima Air Museum won Defense Department approval in 1984 to set aside one silo for permanent display . The silo at Green Valley ( 571 - 7 ) was retained by the Air Force and leased to local government for use as the " Titan Missile Museum . " With a training Titan II missile in place , the silo is maintained by a dedicated organization of volunteers from nearby retirement communities . The site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places as the only surviving sample of a Titan II installation . In addition to the launch complex and missile , the museum obtained auxiliary support equipment for display . Some of the properties were then sold ; other sites are retained by the Bureau of Land Management . . Organized on 1 May 1962
Bobrowniki castle Bobrowniki castle is a ruined fortress in the Polish town of Bobrowniki . It was built by the Teutonic Knights in the late fourteenth , early fifteenth centuries . Following the Peace of Thorn in 1411 it was taken over by the Polish army , later to become a residence of the local mayor . Since the eighteenth century the castle has lain in ruins . History . Bobrowniki castle was erected at the turn of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries , after the purchase of Bobrowniki village by the Teutonic Knights in 1392 , possibly as an extension of an earlier fortress . It was located on the site of an old stronghold , founded by the duke of Dobrzyn , Ladislaus the hump - backed . Due to the close proximity to the country border , the elders of Dobrzyn constantly improved the fortifications around the castle , which became the seat of the local government . In 1405 Wladyslaw Jagiello purchased Dobrzyn and Bobrowniki , but four years later the Teutonic Knights attacked the castle . With the help of a treason of the defending commander Bobrowniki castle went back into Teutonic hands only to be returned in 1411 back to the Polish . It ' s border location has once again become the cause of many investments in the modernisation of the facility . However , it no longer played any military role wars to come . During the Thirteen Years ' War the castle served as a prison for captured knights of the Teutonic Order . Change of the national border ultimately deprived the building of any strategic role . In the seventeenth century it was already devastated to the point of abandoning by the local government . During the war with Sweden , in the second half of the eighteenth century , the property was almost completely destroyed . In the nineteenth century it was formally decided to demolish the castle . The ruins do not have a host to this day . Architecture . Little is known about the appearance of the fortress at the time of the Teutonic Knights or later . The building was probably two - winged ( other sources say that it was a square ) , surrounded by walls and a moat , with one gate and a cylindrical tower . The only remains of the past splendor of the castle are elements of fortified walls and a sentry tower .
USS Mary ( SP - 462 ) USS " Mary " ( SP - 462 ) was the proposed name and designation for a motorboat that the United States Navy considered for World War I naval service as a patrol vessel but never acquired . " Mary " was built as the private motorboat " Dida " in 1907 or 1908 by the Charles L . Seabury Company at Morris Heights , the Bronx , New York . She later may have been renamed " Boston " , and eventually was renamed " Mary " . " Mary " was the property of H . L . Jones when the U . S . Navy surveyed her in 1917 for possible naval use during World War I , stating that she was " strong and well built in good condition but not able to keep sea in heavy weather " . The Navy assigned her the section patrol number SP - 462 and scheduled her to be taken over from Jones on 12 January 1918 . However , the Navy never took control of her , and she saw no naval service .
French ship Magnifique ( 1750 ) The Magnifique was the lead ship of the 3 - ship " Magnifique " class 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . On 15 August 1782 , the Magnifique crashed along the rocky shore of Lovells Island , in Boston Harbor , MA , USA . She was rumoured to have been carrying " long - lost treasure . " According to a US National Park Service Guide , the submerged vessel is still visible from N 42° 19 . 902 ’ W 070° 55 . 818 ’ during periods of calm . On 3 September 1782 the Continental Congress decided to present the ship of the line to King Louis XVI of France to replace " Magnifique " . The gift was to symbolize the new nation ' s appreciation for France ' s service to and sacrifices in behalf of the cause of the American patriots .
Pushtigban Body Guards The Pushtigban Body Guard was an elite Persia n military unit during the time of the Sassanid Persian dynasty , charged with the protection of the Emperor . They were stationed during peacetime in the royal capital of Ctesiphon and were drawn from the best of the ranks of the Sassanid Savārān cavalry . They numbered 1000 men , under the command of the " Pushtigban - Salar " ; in battle they fought mostly as cataphract s , heavily armed and armoured horseman who would charge enemy positions with tremendous momentum . A sub - unit of Pushtigban were the " Gyan - avspar " , the " sacrificers of their lives " - the best of the Pushtigban . The Pushtigban fought with distinction and zeal befitting their name during Julian ' s invasion of Persia in the 4th century AD . The Pushtigban bodyguards fought with distinction also during the final years of Sassanid Persia to repel the invading Romans and made a great impression on them . Their institution logically disappeared with the death of the last Sassanid emperor Yazdegerd III and the subsequent submission of the Persian throne to Arabian suzerainty in AD 651 .
Type 87 self - propelled anti - aircraft gun The is a Japan ese air defense weapon built around the Oerlikon 35 mm twin cannon system used on the Gepard tank . The system uses a modified Type 74 tank chassis . It is also nicknamed by field officers as Guntank after the similar looking mobile suit in the Mobile Suit Gundam series . History . As the JSDF began to seek a replacement for the M42 Duster SPAAGs provided by the United States , the Japanese Defense Agency began to issue requirements for the production of a local SPAAG unit to replace the M42 . Mitsubishi Heavy Industries had been eventually awarded the contract to produce a SPAAG unit to replace its old M42s . Development . It had been developed in 1987 , given the Type 87 designation status , with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries providing the chassis and Japan Steel Works providing the cannon system . Initially , the chassis of the Type 61 tank would be used . Later , it had been rejected and had the chassis of the Type 74 tank used instead as a basis for producing the Type 87 SPAAG . Prior to its development , tests had begun underway in 1982 with a prototype SPAAG unit manufactured in 1983 . Status . In 2010 , it was reported that the Japan Self - Defense Forces had 52 of these vehicles in service .
42nd Virginia Infantry The 42nd Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia . The 42nd Virginia , organized at Staunton , Virginia , in July , 1861 , recruited its members in Henry , Floyd , Bedford , Campbell , Roanoke , Patrick , and Franklin counties . After fighting at First Kernstown and in Jackson ' s Valley Campaign , the unit was assigned to J . R . Jones ' and W . Terry ' s Brigade , Army of Northern Virginia . It was active in many conflicts from the Seven Days ' Battles to Cold Harbor , then moved with Early to the Shenandoah Valley and was involved in the Appomattox operations . This regiment reported 70 casualties at First Kernstown and totaled 750 effectives in May 1862 . It sustained no losses during the Seven Days ' Battles but had many at Cedar Mountain . There were 62 disabled at Second Manassas , 26 at Fredericksburg , and 135 at Chancellorsville . Of the 265 engaged at Gettysburg , twenty - one percent were killed , wounded , or missing . Only 1 officer and 44 men surrendered . The field officers were Colonels Jesse S . Burks , Andrew J . Deyerle , John E . Penn , and R . W . Withers ; Lieutenant Colonels Daniel A . Langhorne , William Martin , and Samuel H . Saunders ; and Majors P . B . Adams , Henry Lane , and Jesse M . Richardson .
Walter E . Carter Jr . Rear Admiral Walter E . “ Ted ” Carter Jr . is a Naval Flight Officer who serves as the 54th President of the U . S . Naval War College . Biography . Rear Admiral Walter E . “ Ted ” Carter , Jr . , became the 54th President of the U . S . Naval War College on 2 July 2013 . A native of Burrillville , R . I . , he graduated from the U . S . Naval Academy in 1981 , was designated a Naval Flight Officer in 1982 , and graduated from the Navy Fighter Weapons School ( Top Gun ) in 1985 . His career as an aviator includes sea assignments in Fighter Squadron VF - 161 on board USS " Midway " , in VF - 2 “ Freelancers ” on board USS " Independence " and in Carrier Air Wing Five ( CVW 5 ) . He commanded the VF - 14 “ Tophatters , ” and served as Executive Officer of USS " Harry S . Truman " , culminating in command of USS " Camden " and USS " Carl Vinson " . His subsequent Fleet - command assignment was Commander of the Enterprise Carrier Strike Group ( CSG - 12 ) . Shore assignments include instructor duty in VF - 124 “ Gunslingers ” ; Chief of Staff for Fighter Wing Pacific ; Executive Assistant to the Deputy Commander , U . S . Central Command ; Chief of Staff for Joint Warfighting Center , U . S . Joint Forces Command ; and Commander , Joint Enabling Capabilities Command where he also served as lead for the Transition Planning Team during the disestablishment of U . S . Joint Forces Command . He was most recently charged with leading Task Force RESILIENT as Director , 21st Century Sailor Office ( N17 ) . Carter is the recipient of various personal awards , including the Defense Superior Service Medal ( two awards ) , Legion of Merit ( three awards ) , Distinguished Flying Cross with Combat V , Bronze Star , Air Medal ( two with Combat V and five strike / flight ) , and Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal ( two with Combat V ) . He was awarded the Vice Admiral James Bond Stockdale Leadership award and the U . S . Navy League ’ s John Paul Jones Award for Inspirational Leadership . Carter was also appointed an Honorary Master Chief by the Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy . He accumulated 6 , 150 flight hours in F - 4 , F - 14 , and F - 18 aircraft during his career and safely completed 2 , 016 carrier - arrested landings , the record among all active and retired U . S . Naval Aviation designators . He also flew 125 combat missions in support of joint operations in three different theaters of operation .
Battle of Chojnice The Battle of Chojnice ( Battle of Konitz ) occurred on September 18 , 1454 near the town of Chojnice , between Poland and the Teutonic Knights during the Thirteen Years ' War ; it was won by the latter . Background . The Teutonic army had around 9 , 000 cavalry and 6 , 000 infantry under Bernard von Zinnenberg . The Polish army had 16 , 000 cavalry , a few thousand servants ( who could and usually were used in battles ) , a few hundred infantry plus 500 mercenaries and burghers from Gdańsk and 2 , 000 mercenaries hired by the Prussian Confederacy , all under the command of King Casimir IV , advised by chancellor Jan Koniecpolski and Piotr from Szczekociny . The Polish commanders were counting on the battle being won by the Polish heavy cavalry , not caring much about either artillery or infantry . They had not thought that their opponents could change their traditional strategy , or that the Teutonic soldiers besieged in Chojnice could be anything more than spectators . Bernard von Zinnenberg , nonetheless , had planned a totally different kind of battle . The battle . At the beginning everything went as expected , following the pattern of many other battles between the Poles and Teutonic Knights . The Polish cavalry charged , breaking the Teutonic lines , killing Prince Rudolf of Żagań and even capturing Bernard von Zinnenberg . The Teutonic cavalry tried to break through the Polish lines and escape to Chojnice ; however , infantry grouped at the Teutonic Wagenburg broke with tradition and offered a very good defense against the mounted troops . Then a sudden sally from Chojnice at the back of the Polish army caused panic . Bernard von Zinnenberg managed to release himself and organised the pursuit ; hundreds of Poles , including Piotr from Szczekociny , were killed during the rout or drowned in nearby marshland . The Polish King fought on with great personal courage and his knights had to force him to leave the battlefield . Aftermath . The Polish defeat was complete . 3 , 000 bodies were left on the battlefield , 300 knights were captured by the Teutonic Knights , including three main commanders : Mikolaj Szarlejski , Łukasz Górka , and Wojciech Kostka from Postupice . The Teutonic Knights lost only around 100 men . Bernard von Zinnenberg , was however , formally a Polish prisoner , since he gave a knight ' s word . The battle proved that discipline and improved tactics , combined with a talented commander could win against a larger , but more traditional army . The Poles paid the price for ignoring terrain , infantry and artillery .
USS Pondera ( APA - 191 ) USS " Pondera " ( APA - 191 ) was a " Haskell " - class attack transport acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II for the task of transporting troops to and from combat areas . World War II service . " Pondera " ( " APA – 191 " ) , built under Maritime Commission contact ( MCV hull 659 ) , was laid down by the Kaiser Shipbuilding Co . , Vancouver , Washington , 28 April 1944 ; launched 27 July 1944 ; sponsored by Miss Elinor C . Gottlieb ; delivered to the Navy and commissioned 24 September 1944 , Comdr . Lawrence J . Hasse in command . Landing Seabee ’ s and troops and their equipment on Okinawa . Following shakedown , " Pondera " remained in California waters , training pre - commissioning crews for APAs , until 23 January 1945 . Two weeks of amphibious training followed and in February she departed San Francisco , California , for Hawaii . After further amphibious training she carried the 81st Construction Battalion to Okinawa , anchoring off Hagushi 26 April . Later shifting to Nakagusuku Wan , she disembarked troops there 3 – 4 May and during the night assisted , damaged by a suicide boat . On the 8th she departed , with casualties embarked , for Saipan , whence she sailed to San Francisco , California . End - of - war " mopping - up " operations . She completed a second troop lift to the Far East , Leyte , in July , and was en route on her third transpacific run when the war ended . Arriving at Ulithi 25 August , she sailed to Guam , disembarked half of her troops there , then continued on to Okinawa to discharge the remainder . In mid - September she took on men of the U . S . XXIV Corps and on the 24th debarked them at Jinsen , Korea . In October she carried further elements of that Corps to Korea , then , after replenishing at Manila , joined TransRon 17 , 8 November , at Hong Kong , to lift troops of the 8th Chinese Nationalist Army to Tsingtao . Completing that mission 16 November , " Pondera " reported for Operation Magic Carpet duty and on 20 November arrived at San Diego , California , with units of the 5th Marine Division . She completed her second and last " Magic Carpet " run at San Francisco 9 March 1946 and ten days later got underway for the U . S . East Coast and inactivation . Post - war decommissioning . Arriving at Norfolk , Virginia , 6 April , she decommissioned and was transferred to the Maritime Commission 6 June 1946 . Struck from the Navy List 19 June 1946 , she was laid up in the James River , Virginia , berthing area , National Defense Reserve Fleet , where she remained into 1974 when she was sold for scrapping . Military awards and honors . " Pondera " earned one battle star during World War II .
Emmanuel Ukaegbu Wing Commander Emmanuel Ukaegbu is a former officer in the Nigerian Air Force who was military Administrator of Anambra State in Nigeria from 6 August 1998 to 29 May 1999 . Birth and education . Emmanuel Ukaegbu was born in Ndi Ejim , Ibinaukwu Autonomous Community , Igbere in Abia State . His secondary education at Holy Family College , Abak , was interrupted by the Nigerian Civil War . After the war , he studied at various schools , completing his education at Federal Government College , Enugu . He joined the Nigerian Air Force and undertook basic military training at the Nigerian Defense Academy , Kaduna . On graduation he was assigned to the Flying Wing of Nigeria Air Force Base , Kaduna , for primary flying training , and then went to the United Kingdom for further training at the College of Air Training , Hamble . Emmanuel Ukaegbu was commissioned to the rank of pilot officer , and shortly after went to the United States for courses in San Antonio , Texas , Sacramento , California , and Little Rock , Arkansas . Military career . Emmanuel Ukaegbu returned to Nigeria in 1982 and started operational flying on C - 130 Hercules aircraft , travelling around the world . He taught at the Nigeria Defense Academy , and later attended the Armed Forces Command and Staff College , Jaji before returning to field operational duties . While in the air force , he took a Bachelor of Science course in Business Administration at the University of Lagos . In 1992 , he attended the Ghana Armed Forces Staff College for a one - year senior staff course , at the same time earning a diploma from the Ghana Institute of Public Administration . He was then assigned to the Command and Staff College , Jaji as a Directing Staff ( Lecturer ) . In 1996 he was assigned as Group Operations Officer at the 81st Air Centre , Benin , the Nigeria Air Force Maritime Base . In 1997 , he became commanding officer for the academic wing of the 301 Flying Training School , Kaduna . In 6 August 1998 Wing Commander Emmanuel Ukaegbu was appointed Military Administrator of Anambra State during the transitional regime of General Abdulsalami Abubakar , handing over to the elected civilian governor Chinwoke Mbadinuju on 29 May 1999 . Shortly thereafter he retired from service .
113 Squadron ( Israel ) The 113 Squadron of the Israeli Air Force ( also known as the Hornet Squadron ) was formed on October 4 , 1955 . The Hornets were the first squadron to fly 24 MD450B Dassault Ouragan s . It suffered eight fatalities during the 1967 Six - Day War . By January 1973 IAI Nesher replaced the Dassault Ouragans that were retired from duty . In 1976 the squadron replaced the Nesher with the IAI Kfir C - 1 . The squadron was disbanded in 1987 . The squadron was reformed in September 1990 as the first Israeli AH - 64A Apache squadron and slowly migrated to the exclusive use of the AH - 64D Apache Longbow in 2005 .
USS Corundum ( IX - 164 ) USS " Corundum " ( IX - 164 ) , a designated an unclassified miscellaneous vessel , was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for corundum . The ship ( a Type B7 - D1 barge ) was laid down on 19 October 1943 under a Maritime Commission contract ( MC Hull 1332 ) by Barrett & Hilp , Belair Shipyard , in South San Francisco . She was launched on 31 December 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . William O . Neill , and named " Limestone " ( IX - 158 ) on 7 February 1944 , but renamed and redesignated " Corundum " ( IX - 164 ) on 23 May 1944 , prior to acquisition by the United States Navy . " Corundum " was acquired from the Maritime Commission , converted for use as a landing craft and vehicle spare parts barge and assigned to Service Force , Pacific Fleet . She was placed in service on 18 July 1944 , towed to the Philippines where she rendered assistance to Commander , Service Division 101 . On 8 August 1946 she was placed out of service and delivered to the War Shipping Administration .
Battle of the Kondurcha River The Battle of the Kondurcha River was the first major battle of the Tokhtamysh - Timur War . It took place at the Kondurcha River , in the Bulgar Ulus of the Golden Horde , in what today is Samara Oblast in Russia . Tokhtamysh ' s cavalry tried to encircle Timur ' s army from the flanks . However , the Central Asian army withstood the assault , after which its sudden frontal attack put the Horde troops to flight . However , many of the Golden Horde troops escaped to fight again at Terek .