naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
4th New Guinea Infantry Battalion The 4th New Guinea Infantry Battalion ( 4NGIB ) was a battalion of the Australian Army formed in August 1945 in the territory of New Guinea , during World War II , in order to fight against the Japanese . Its soldiers were primarily natives of New Guinea , under the command of Australian officers and NCOs . The battalion was disbanded soon after its establishment , and subsequently it never saw active service . The Papuan Infantry Battalion ( PIB ) along with the 1st and 2nd New Guinea Infantry Battalion were amalgamated to form the Pacific Islands Regiment in November 1944 . The 3rd and 4th New Guinea Infantry Battalion joined the regiment in 1945 , although 4NGIB was soon disbanded , whilst the 5th New Guinea Infantry Battalion — although authorised — was never raised . The battalion was disbanded in October 1945 .
USS Egret ( AMc - 24 ) USS " Egret " ( AMc - 24 ) was an " Egret " - class coastal minesweeper acquired by the U . S . Navy for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing . World War II service . The first ship to be named " Egret " by the Navy , " AMc - 24 " was placed in service 10 June 1941 and during World War II served in the 4th Naval District and in the Potomac River Naval Command . She was reclassified " IX - 181 " , 17 July 1944 . " Egret " was transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 17 June 1946 .
Arthur Walderne St Clair Tisdall Arthur Walderne St . Clair Tisdall VC ( 21 July 1890 – 6 May 1915 ) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Life . Tisdall was born in Bombay , British India in 1890 , and after emigrating attended Bedford School from 1900 to 1909 . He went to university at Trinity College , Cambridge , whom he rowed for , and attended the Officer Training Corps in his spare time . He attained a double first in classics . Tisdall joined the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve when he was 24 years old , at the outbreak of the First World War . He enlisted as an Able Seaman , but was soon promoted to sub - lieutenant . On the first day of the Gallipoli landings ( 25 April 1915 ) at V Beach , Gallipoli , during the landing from SS " River Clyde " , Tisdall heard wounded men on the beach calling for help . The men were under heavy machine gun fire from entrenched Turkish forces . He jumped into the water , and pushing a boat in front of him , went to their rescue . He found , however , that he could not manage alone , but managed to enlist the help of first one , and then three more naval personnel . They made five trips from the ship to the shore and were responsible for rescuing several wounded men under heavy and accurate fire , until darkness forced them to stop . He was mortally wounded by a sniper during the Second Battle of Krithia at Achi Baba , Gallipoli , Turkey on 6 May 1915 , and was buried where he fell , but today has no known grave .
Crosses of Military Merit ( Spain ) Crosses of Military Merit ( ) are Spain ' s military award for gallantry or merit in war or peace . Awarded to members of the Spanish Armed Forces , Guardia Civil or civilians . History and Attribution . Established on 3 August 1864 by Queen Isabella II as the Order of Military Merit ( ) , it has been amended many times ( in 1918 , 1926 , 1931 , 1938 , 1942 , 1976 , 1995 , 2003 and 2007 ) . During the Spanish Civil War it was recognized by both sides of the conflict . Awarded originally in four classes , in 1995 , in 1995 it lost the rank of an order of merit , and the classes were reduced to two and the number of categories extended to four . According to the current regulations the decoration is conferred in the following classes : The categories are as follows : Multiple awards of each class and each category to the same individual are possible . Insignia and Ribbons . The decoration has the form of a Greek cross with the arms enameled red in the " Red Decoration " category and white in the remaining categories . The " Blue Decoration " and " Yellow Decoration " badges have additional narrow bars in blue or yellow across the lower and lateral arms . The upper arm is surmounted by a Spanish royal crown and has a tablet to engrave the date of bestowal . The round central shield of the obverse bears the coat of arms of Castile , León , Aragon , Navarre and Granada ( until 2003 only alternate coats of arms of Castile and León ) ; in the middle there is a blue oval shield ( escutcheon ) of the House of Bourbon - Anjou . On the reverse there are letters " MM " ( " Mérito Militar " ) on red background . The cross is worn on a ribbon on the left side of chest . Each subsequent award is denoted by a bar with the date of bestowal on the ribbon . The Grand Cross has the same form as the cross described above but is worn on a sash over the right shoulder . The star added to the class of Grand Cross is gilt , eight - pointed , with the cross superimposed on it ; currently between the arms of the cross there are alternate towers ( Castile ) and lions ( León ) .
Charles R . Fox Charles Ralph Fox , ( November 16 , 1912 – February 28 , 2006 ) was an American Major General of West Virginia ' s National Guard . Fox was born in Nicholas County , West Virginia , as son of Joseph B . and Amma ( Walker ) Fox . He enlisted in West Virginia National Guard in 1930 , and was commissioned second lieutenant in 1936 . He married Vernise Jane Pritt in 1935 , and they had four children : Charles Warren , Janice Lynn , Roger Neill and Mark William . He studied electrical engineering by correspondence from International Correspondence Schools 1934 - 38 . He was promoted first lieutenant at the 150th Infantry in 1939 , and in January 1941 , he was called to active duty with the West Virginia National Guard . He graduated from Air Corps Advanced Flying School in 1942 , rated Aircraft Observer , and was transferred to Air Corpse Reserve . During 1942 , he advanced to Major , and to Lieutenant Colonel in 1944 . He served on staff of Major General Claire Lee Chennault of the Fourteenth Air Force in China for two years , and in the Headquarters Army Air Force in Washington for 14 months . He completed a special course in Nuclear Physics at Johns Hopkins University in 1946 . He was appointed the Adjutant General of West Virginia with rank of Brigadier General in 1946 , a position he held to 1957 . He was appointed State director of the Selective Service System in 1948 , and appointed State Director of Civil Defense in 1949 .
Pennsylvania Line The Pennsylvania Line was a formation within the Continental Army . The term " Pennsylvania Line " referred to the quota of numbered infantry regiments assigned to Pennsylvania at various times by the Continental Congress . These , together with similar contingents from the other twelve states , formed the Continental Line . The concept was particularly important in relation to the promotion of commissioned officers . Officers of the Continental Army below the rank of brigadier general were ordinarily ineligible for promotion except in the line of their own state . Not all Continental infantry regiments raised in a state were part of a state quota , however . On December 27 , 1776 , the Continental Congress gave Washington temporary control over certain military decisions that the Congress ordinarily regarded as its own prerogative . These " dictatorial powers " included the authority to raise sixteen additional Continental infantry regiments at large . Early in 1777 , Washington offered command of one of these additional regiments to Thomas Hartley of Pennsylvania , who accepted . Hartley had formerly been lieutenant colonel of the 6th Pennsylvania Battalion . Hartley ' s Additional Continental Regiment was allotted to the Pennsylvania Line on March 27 , 1778 . On January 13 , 1779 , it absorbed Patton ' s Regiment and was designated the 11th Pennsylvania Regiment . The latter was called the " New Eleventh Pennsylvania Regiment " as the original 11th Pennsylvania Regiment had been consolidated with the 10th Pennsylvania Regiment on July 1 , 1778 . Washington also offered command to John Patton of Pennsylvania , who accepted leadership of Patton ' s Additional Continental Regiment . In 1776 , Patton had commanded a battalion of the Pennsylvania State Rifle Regiment . Half of Malcolm ' s Additional Continental Regiment was drawn from New York and half from Pennsylvania . Still other Continental infantry regiments and smaller units , also unrelated to a state quota , were raised as needed for special or temporary service . Nelson ' s and Doyle ' s Independent Rifle Companies were examples of such " extra " units .
British 202nd Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) 202nd Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) was a short - lived Home Defence formation of the British Army during World War II . Origin . 202nd Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) was formed for service in the United Kingdom on 20 October 1940 by No 2 Infantry Training Group in the Northumbrian Area ( later Northumberland County Division ) of Home Forces . It was commanded by Brigadier H . Pawle ( Brigadier G . F . Gough from 20 May 1941 ) , and comprised four newly - raised infantry battalions from Northern England . Composition . The composition of 202nd Bde was as follows : 12th Bn King ' s , 7th Bn East Lancashires and 9th Green Howards ( a Garrison Battalion ) were all disbanded during 1941 . The brigade ceased to function operationally on 1 December , and Brigade HQ was disbanded on 22 December 1941 . 11th Bn King ' s transferred to 225th Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) and converted to an armoured regiment ( 151st Regiment Royal Armoured Corps ) . 11th Bn Green Howards transferred to 143 Infantry Brigade .
Walchensee - class tanker The " Walchensee " class tanker ( Type 703 ) is a series of four small coastal tankers , built by Lindenau - Werft in Kiel for the German Navy to transport fuel and fresh water between depots and to units near coasts or in harbour . Two ships are still in service , the others have been sold after decommissioning .
USNS Mission Carmel ( T - AO - 113 ) SS " Mission Carmel " was a Type T2 - SE - A2 tanker built for the United States Maritime Commission during World War II . After the war she was acquired by the United States Navy as USS " Mission Carmel " ( AO - 113 ) . Later the tanker transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service as USNS " Mission Carmel " ( T - AO - 113 ) . She was a member of the and was one of two named for Mission San Carlos Borroméo de Carmelo located in Carmel - by - the - Sea , California , the other being . Service history . " Mission Carmel " was laid down on 1 January 1944 under a Maritime Commission contract by Marinship Corporation , Sausalito , California ; launched on 28 March 1944 , sponsored by Mrs . W . B . Lardner ; and delivered on 17 May 1944 . Chartered to Pacific Tankers , Inc . for operations , she spent the remainder of the war providing fuel to allied forces overseas ( during which time she was awarded the National Defense Service Medal ) . Returned to the Maritime Commission on 11 April 1946 she was laid up in the Reserve Fleet at Portland , Oregon . Acquired by the Navy on 21 October 1947 she was designated " Mission Carmel " ( AO - 113 ) and assigned to the Naval Transportation Service for operations . She continued with the Transportation Service until 1 October 1949 when the Naval Transportation Service and the " Mission Carmel " were absorbed into the new Military Sea Transportation Service . Redesignated USNS " Mission Carmel " ( T - AO - 113 ) , she continued to supply US forces overseas with needed fuel products until 25 October 1957 when she was returned to the Maritime Administration ( MARAD ) , struck from the Naval Vessel Register and laid up in the Maritime Reserve Fleet at Olympia , Washington . Her life of service not yet over , she was sold to Litton Industries on 7 November 1957 for conversion into a dry cargo ship . Renamed " Houston " , into 1969 she continued her life of service under a new flag . The ship ' s final disposition is unknown .
Dewoitine D . 21 The Dewoitine D . 21 was 1920s French open - cockpit , fixed - undercarriage monoplane fighter aircraft . Design and development . The prototype D . 21 was a development of the D . 12 . The aircraft was licence - built in Switzerland ( by EKW ) , Czechoslovakia ( by Skoda and known as the Skoda - Dewoitine D . 1 ) and Argentina ( by FMA ) . One Turkish D . 21 was fitted with a modified wing and named " Orhanelli " . Operational history . Argentina bought seven D . 21s , and built another 58 under their own licence . Turkey bought a number , and Czechoslovakia built 25 for their air force .
Raedykes Raedykes is the site of a Roman marching camp located just over 3 miles ( 5 ) NW of Stonehaven , Aberdeenshire , Scotland . National Grid Reference NO 842902 . A marching camp was a temporary camp used mainly for overnight stops on a long route between more permanent forts , or as a temporary base while on campaign in hostile territory . The site . Raedykes probably dates from the late 1st century AD ( Agricolan ) , though it has been argued that it could be Antonine ( 2nd century ) or Severan ( early 3rd century ) . The camp rampart ( vallum ) encloses the summit and eastern slopes of Garrison Hill ( 191m 628 ft ) , a prominent spur overlooking the valley of the Cowie Water , a small river draining into the North Sea on the outskirts of Stonehaven . The camp covered an area of about 93 acres ( 37 ha ) , and a computer model suggests that this would have been sufficient to house three full legions , or around 16 , 000 troops The entire perimeter of Raedykes camp has been recorded , and is very irregular in shape , because of the terrain . There were six gateways of which five are visible , all protected by titulus outworks ; two in the longest E side , one in the shortest S side , another in the N side and one more in the very - irregular SW side . The Mid Raedykes Farm lies inside the NW corner of the camp and Broomhill Farm lies just inside the E rampart beside the southern - most E gateway . Raedykes is situated a day ' s march north from Stracathro fort ( initially also a marching camp ) and rather less than a day ' s march south of Normandykes . History . The Roman army established a chain of forts and camps during the late 1st century AD at Ardoch , Strageath , Inchtuthil , Battledykes , Stracathro , Raedykes ( probably ) , Normandykes , Glenmailen , Bellie , Balnageith and Cawdor . Many of these forts and camps were reoccupied during the reign of emperor Septimius Severus about a century later . In the summer of 84 Agricola defeated the massed armies of the Caledonians , possibly led by Calgacus , at the battle of Mons Graupius . The area around Raedykes including nearby Kempstone Hill has been advanced by Gabriel Jacques Surenne and other scholars as the likely location for the battle in AD 83 or 84 . The prominent hill called Bennachie , much further north , overlooking Inverurie near the Roman camp at Durno , is another potential site . However , there is no general agreement about the site of the battle , and no direct evidence to pinpoint it .
Battle of Nauplia ( 1770 ) Fought during the Russo - Turkish War , 1768 - 1774 , this indecisive battle took place on 27 and 28 May 1770 at the entrance to the Argolic Gulf , Greece , when a Russian fleet under John Elphinstone engaged a larger Ottoman fleet . No ships were lost on either side , and casualties were small . History . Elphinston had arrived at Cape Matapan , southern Greece , on 20 May 1770 from Portsmouth and landed his troops on 22 May at Rupino . Hearing that the Ottoman fleet was divided in two , he decided to attack . After battling bad weather , he sighted the Ottoman ships on 27 May at the entrance to the gulf and despite the superior numbers of the Ottomans ( about 10 battleships and some smaller vessels vs 3 battleships , 2 frigates and 4 armed merchantmen ) he sailed up before a light SSE breeze to attack . Soon after 5pm " Ne tron menya " attacked the Ottoman flagship , and then " Saratov " attacked the Ottoman Vice - and Rear Admiral ' s ships . " Nadezhda " was also in action . Elphinston , in " Svyatoslav " , had to chase and fire on the armed merchantmen to get them to fight , but when he did attack the Ottoman fleet retreated , using their galley s to tow their battleships north . The Russians used their boats to do the same . On 28 May , soon after 12pm the Ottoman fleet anchored in line under the guns of the Nauplia batteries . At about 3pm Elphinston attacked , standing up and down the Ottoman line , but with little effect . Russian casualties were low . On 30 May , the Ottomans began to move , and some Russian captains insisted that they were not bound to attack such a superior fleet . Elphinston had to give in , and during the evening of 31 May as the Ottomans steadily approached , being towed again by their galleys , the wind rose and the Russians got away . Ships involved . Russia ( Elphinston ) . " Svyatoslav " 80 ( flag ) < br > " Ne tron menya " 66 < br > " Saratov " 66 < br > " Afrika " 32 < br > " Nadezhda " 32 < br > " Graf Tchernyshev " 22 ( hired British merchantman ) < br > " Graf Panin " 18 ( hired British merchantman ) < br > " Graf Orlov " 18 ( hired British merchantman ) < br > " Sv . Pavel " 8 < br > Ottoman Empire . ( details uncertain ) < br > " ? " 84 ( flag ) < br > 4 other 84 - gun battleships < br > 2 64 - gun battleships < br > 4 54 - gun battleships < br > 2 50 - gun battleships < br > a few smaller ships , including galleys < br >
War diary A war diary is a regularly updated official record kept by military units of their activities during wartime . The purpose of these diaries is to both record information which can later be used by the military to improve its training and tactics as well as to generate a detailed record of units ' activities for future use by historians . War diaries are focused on the administration and operations of the unit they cover , and generally do not contain information about individual personnel . The British Army first required that its units keep war diaries in 1907 as a means of preventing its mistakes of the Second Boer War from being repeated , and units currently operating in Afghanistan continue to maintain such diaries . The war diaries kept by Australian military units are normally maintained by the unit ' s adjutant or intelligence officer and contain a regularly updated narrative of its activities as well as copies of reports , messages received and maps .
James F . Goodrich James F . Goodrich ( January 24 , 1913 – July 16 , 2012 ) was the United States Under Secretary of the Navy from 1981 to 1987 . Biography . Goodrich was born on January 24 , 1913 , in Fennville , Michigan and educated in Jackson , Michigan . After high school , he attended the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at the University of Michigan , receiving his B . S . in 1937 . After graduating , he worked on Gulf Oil tankers for two years , and then spent a year as a machinist for Bethlehem Steel in Sparrows Point , Maryland . Goodrich took a job with Todd Pacific Shipyards in Tacoma , Washington in 1940 , and by 1943 - 45 served as Chief Engineer . In 1945 , he was transferred to Seattle , Washington , where he worked as General Superintendent and then as Assistant General Manage . In 1956 , he was promoted to General Manager of Todd Shipyards ' Los Angeles division . After 16 years with Todd Pacific Shipyards , in 1964 , he left to become executive vice president of Bath Industries , Inc . The next year , Bath Industries changed its name to Congoleum Corp . in 1965 and Goodrich took over as its president and chief executive officer , a position he held until 1975 . From 1975 to 1978 , Goodrich was chairman of the Board of Directors of Bath Iron Works . On September 9 , 1981 , President of the United States Ronald Reagan nominated Goodrich as Under Secretary of the Navy . Goodrich was sworn in as Under Secretary on September 29 , 1981 and held this office until August 6 , 1987 .
Nanuk Remotely Controlled Weapon Station The Nanuk is a remote weapon system or station , ( RWS ) used for light and medium caliber weapons which can be installed on any type of armored vehicles . It is designed by Rheinmetall Canada , in Quebec , Canada . " Nanuk " ( " ᓇᓄᖅ " ) mean " Polar bear " in Inuktitut . Overview . The Nanuk is a remotely controlled weapon station ( RCWS ) that can be integrated on various armoured vehicle platforms and used for different mission profiles . The Nanuk weapon station combines full stabilisation , long range day / night all weather sights and universal weapon cradle that integrates 5 . 56mm , 7 . 62mm and 12 . 7mm weapons , and 40mm AGL . Several weapons can be mounted to the platform , such as :
Tomás Marín de Poveda , 1st Marquis of Cañada Hermosa Tomás López Marín y González de Poveda , 1st Marquis of Cañada Hermosa ( ) ( February 26 , 1650 – October 8 , 1703 ) was a Spanish colonial administrator who served as Royal Governor of Chile . Early life . Tomás Marín de Poveda was born in Lúcar , Almería Province , the son of Tomás López Marín and María González de Poveda . He came to America in 1687 with his uncle , who had been named Archbishop of Charcas , in present - day Bolivia . Afterwards , in 1670 , he moved to Chile for the first time with the retinue of governor Juan Henríquez . He later returned to Spain , where he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and named Royal Governor of Chile on July 1 , 1683 . However , he was forced to wait for the term of the serving governor , José del Garro , to expire before travelling to take up his post , this meant that he could not assume until 1692 . On August 9 , 1687 , he was made a knight of the Order of Santiago . In 1689 , he wrote a " Funereal Prayer for Marie Louise of Orléans " ( ) to mark the death of the Queen . As Governor of Chile . His administration was marked by a brief flare - up of the Arauco War . In 1694 the Toqui Millalpal and the Mapuche were incited to revolt by the unauthorized activities of Antonio Pedreros , the Commissary for Indian Affairs , against their machi s , whom Pedreros had tried to violently isolate and relocate . Pedreros died of wounds when his force tried to cross the Quepe River to attack Millalpal . The Spanish army of the Kingdom of Chile was then sent against Millalpal under Maestre de Campo Alonso de Cordova and the Sargento Mayor Alonso Cobarrubias was impossible for Millalpal to resist and he had to capitulate . The governor then called the Parliament of Choque - Choque with the Mapuche , realizing Pedreros had been the source of the dispute and made a peace that lasted for nearly thirty years . Also Poveda had to deal with the expeditions of various pirates against Chilean trade , and the competition between the various functionaries of the Real Audiencia of Chile . During his term , he founded the cities of Rengo ( " Villa Hermosa " ) and Chimbarongo . After his tenure , he received the title " Marquis of Cañada Hermosa " . He died in Santiago a year later , in 1703 .