naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ray Cromley Raymond " Ray " Cromley ( August 23 , 1910 – February 23 , 2007 ) was a Colonel in the United States Army and a Journalist . Prior to the Second World War , Cromley was a correspondent and journalist in Japan . Following its outbreak , Cromley joined the American army and served in the China Burma India Theater . He was a member of the United States Army Observation Group to Yenan , better known as the Dixie Mission . After the war , he went on to become a writer for the " Wall Street Journal " . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery .
Skoda 100 mm Model 1916 The Skoda 100 mm Model 1916 ( 100 mm M . 16 ) was a mountain howitzer used by Austria - Hungary during World War I . The Turks used a 105 mm variant , the M . 16 ( T ) . The Wehrmacht redesignated this as the 10 cm GebH 16 or 16 ( ö ) . Guns acquired from Italy , after 1943 , were known as 10 cm GebH 316 ( i ) ; those acquired from Czechoslovakia were 10 cm GebH 16 ( t ) . The Italians referred to weapons gained either through capture or reparations as the Obice da 100 / 17 modello 16 . The gun could be broken into three sections , intended for towing by two animal carts . The gun crew was protected by a gun shield . The Italians used lighter shells than the Czechs , which accounts for the greater range and muzzle velocity of their guns .
Anglo - Burmese wars There have been three Burmese Wars or Anglo - Burmese Wars : War with Britain and the fall of Burma . The expansion of Burma had consequences along its frontiers . As those frontiers moved ever closer to British East India Company and later British India , there were problems both with refugees and military operations spilling over ill - defined borders . In response to the continued expansion and even direct attacks by Burma , the British and the Siamese joined forces against it in 1824 . First Anglo - Burmese War . The First Anglo - Burmese War ( 1824 – 1826 ) ended in a British East India Company victory , and by the Treaty of Yandabo , Burma lost territory previously conquered in Assam , Manipur , and Arakan . The British also took possession of Tenasserim with the intention to use it as a bargaining chip in future negotiations with either Burma or Siam . As the century wore on , the British East India Company began to covet the resources and main part of Burma during an era of great territorial expansion . Second Anglo - Burmese War . In 1852 , Commodore Lambert was dispatched to Burma by Lord Dalhousie over a number of minor issues related to the previous treaty . The Burmese immediately made concessions including the removal of a governor whom the British had made their " casus belli " . Lambert eventually provoked a naval confrontation in extremely questionable circumstances and thus started the Second Anglo - Burmese War in 1852 , which ended in the British annexation of Pegu province , renamed Lower Burma . The war resulted in a palace revolution in Burma , with King Pagan Min ( 1846 – 1852 ) being replaced by his half brother , Mindon Min ( 1853 – 1878 ) . Third Anglo - Burmese War . King Mindon tried to modernise the Burmese state and economy to resist British encroachments , and he established a new capital at Mandalay , which he proceeded to fortify . This was not enough to stop the British , however , who claimed that Mindon ' s son Thibaw Min ( ruled 1878 – 1885 ) was a tyrant intending to side with the French , that he had lost control of the country , thus allowing for disorder at the frontiers , and that he was reneging on a treaty signed by his father . The British declared war once again in 1885 , conquering the remainder of the country in the Third Anglo - Burmese War resulting in total annexation of Burma .
Cao Ang Cao Ang ( c . 177 – 197 ) , Zixiu , was the eldest son of Cao Cao , a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han Dynasty and laid the foundation of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period . He was killed in action at the Battle of Wancheng in 197 . Life . Cao Ang was the first son of Cao Cao and his concubine Lady Liu ( 劉夫人 ) . Lady Liu also bore Cao Cao another son ( Cao Shuo ) and a daughter ( Princess Qinghe ( 清河公主 ) ) . However , as Lady Liu died early , Cao Ang was raised by Cao Cao ' s first official spouse , Lady Ding ( 丁夫人 ) , who treated Cao Ang as though he was her real son . Little was recorded in history about Cao Ang ' s early life , except that he was nominated as a " xiaolian " ( civil service candidate ) upon reaching the age of adulthood ( around 19 years old ) . In the first lunar month of 197 , Cao Ang followed his father on a campaign against the warlord Zhang Xiu in Wan ( 宛 ; or Wancheng , in present - day Wancheng District , Nanyang , Henan ) . Zhang Xiu surrendered initially , but later launched a surprise attack on Cao Cao , catching the latter completely off guard . Cao Cao was injured in the right arm by a stray arrow during the battle while his horse , Jueying ( 絕影 ) , had been hit in the neck and leg . Cao Ang could not ride , so he offered his own steed to his father , who managed to escape from Wancheng . Cao Ang was killed by Zhang Xiu ' s men . Post - mortem events and succession . In 221 , after Cao Pi ( another of Cao Cao ' s sons ) ended the Han Dynasty and established the state of Cao Wei ( which marked the start of the Three Kingdoms period ) , he granted Cao Ang the posthumous title of " Duke Dao of Feng " ( 豐悼公 ) . Three years later , Cao Ang was posthumously elevated to the status of a prince , so his posthumous title became " Prince Dao of Feng " ( 豐悼王 ) . In 229 , during the reign of Cao Pi ' s son Cao Rui , Cao Ang ' s posthumous title was changed to " Prince Min of Feng " ( 豐愍王 ) . Cao Ang had no son to succeed him when he died . However , in 222 , Cao Wan ( 曹琬 ) , a son of Cao Ang ' s half - brother Cao Jun ( 曹均 ) , was designated as Cao Ang ' s heir and was enfeoffed as a " Zhongdu Duke " ( 中都公 ) . Later that year , Cao Wan was reassigned as a " Zhangzi Duke " ( 長子公 ) . In 254 , during the reign of Cao Fang , Cao Wan was promoted to " Prince of Feng " ( 豐王 ) and given the princedom " Feng " , per Cao Ang ' s posthumous title . The number of taxable households in his princedom increased through the reigns of Cao Mao and Cao Huan until it reached 2 , 700 . After Cao Wan died , he was posthumously honoured as " Prince Gong of Feng " ( 豐恭王 ) and was succeeded by his son Cao Lian ( 曹廉 ) .
Defence Research Establishments The Defence Research Establishments were a number of separate UK Ministry of Defence Research Establishments , dating back to World War II , World War I , or even earlier . Each establishment had its own head ; known as the Director or the Superintendent . Prior to the formation of the Ministry of Defence each of the three Services , i . e . the Royal Air Force , the Admiralty and the War Office , had their own research establishments ; although some establishments had tri - service functions . World War II . At the beginning of World War II there were about a dozen research and development establishments . The main ones were : Formation , merging and breakup . Many establishments were formed , merged or changed their names over time to meet the needs of the UK Government at the time . These changes also involved the opening of new sites , operating across multiple sites , change of site location ; and closing of sites . For example , the Explosives Research and Development Establishment ( ERDE ) , merged with the Rocket Propulsion Establishment and became the Propellants , Explosives and Rocket Motor Establishment ( PERME ) . PERME became part of the Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment ( RARDE ) . Amalgamation into DERA and split into QinetiQ and Dstl . Some of these establishments were merged in 1991 to form the Defence Research Agency ( DRA ) . More were added to DRA in 1995 to form the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency ( DERA ) . DERA was split up in the early 2000s , with the major part becoming known as QinetiQ and the more sensitive parts retained as Dstl .
Training Command , Indian Air Force Training Command is the Indian Air Force ' s command responsible for flying and ground training . In the 1930s , the approaching threat and later advent of World War II and the learning of Japan towards the Axis powers , the latter was considered as a potential enemy . Therefore , need was felt to make IAF a self - supporting force for the South Eastern Theatre of war . This led to the rapid expansion of the IAF . A target was fixed of 10 IAF Squadrons . With this expansion , the requirement of pilots and technical personnel increased . For the training of technical personnel , a technical training school was set up at Ambala in 1940 . In a 1949 reorganisation of the Indian Air Force , while frontline units were put under the Operations Command , all the training institutions were placed under the jurisdiction of the Training Command . Among Training Command ' s units is the Navigation Training School at Begumpet Air Force Station , Hyderabad . It flies the BAe HS . 748 .
Bourlon Wood Memorial The Bourlon Wood Memorial is a Canadian war memorial that commemorates the actions of the Canadian Corps during the final months of the First World War ; a period also known as Canada ' s Hundred Days , part of the Hundred Days Offensive . Particularly celebrated are the Canadian Corps crossing of the Canal du Nord , their flushing the German forces from Bourlon and Bourlon Wood and the ' Pursuit to Mons ' through Cambrai , Denain , Valenciennes and into Mons on the 11th of November 1918 . It is located adjacent to the town of Bourlon ( about west of Cambrai , France ) . Monument design . Site selection . The Canadian Battlefield Monument Commission , established after the Great War , was appointed to select the location and design of the memorials to commemorate the Canadian participation in the First World War . The Canadian National Vimy Memorial at Vimy Ridge was selected as the national memorial site and seven other locations at Hill 62 , St . Julien and Passchendaele in Belgium , as well as Le Quesnel , Dury , Courcelette and Bourlon Wood in France were chosen to commemorate significant battles the Canadian Expeditionary Force had engaged in . Each of the seven sites were to have an identical granite block inscribed with a brief description of the battle in both English and French . Location and design . Situated in a park , on land donated by the Comte de Franqueville , the Mayor of Bourlon at the War ' s end , the Canadian Bourlon Wood Memorial site is located at the end of the ' Avenue du Monument ' in the southwestern corner of the village of Bourlon . The park is a beautiful series of terraces lined with ancient lime trees that were nursed back to health after having been shattered by shellfire during the battle for Bourlon Wood . The grey granite block monument is set at the top of the hill in a glade of lawn upon a low circular flagstone terrace .
Bundeswehr Wüstentarn Bundeswehr Wüstentarn is a desert camouflage used by the Bundeswehr ( German armed forces ) . It is the desert variant of Flecktarn and is also known as Tropentarn , desert flecktarn , and fleck desert . Instead of the 5 - color scheme of greens , brown , and black of temperate Flecktarn , it utilizes only three colors : a base color of khaki tan with medium brown and dark green spots .
Ernst Kutschkau Ernst Kutschkau ( 23 October 1910 – 4 February 1947 ) was a highly decorated Oberfeldwebel der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was also awarded the very rare Close Combat Clasp in Gold one of only 631 awards
Vexillatio A vexillatio ( plural " vexillationes " ) was a detachment of a Roman legion formed as a temporary task force created by the Roman army of the Principate . It was named from the standard carried by legionary detachments , the " vexillum " ( plural " vexilla " ) , which bore the emblem and name of the parent legion . Although commonly associated with legions , it is likely that " vexillationes " included auxiliaries . The term is found in the singular , referring to a single detachment , but is usually used in the plural to refer to an army made up of picked detachments . " Vexillationes " were assembled ad hoc to meet a crisis on Rome ' s extensive frontiers , to fight in a civil war , or to undertake an offensive against Rome ' s neighbours . They varied in size and composition , but usually consisted of about 1000 infantry and / or 500 cavalry . Purpose . Because the Roman Army was not large enough to garrison the vast size of the empire ( around 400 , 000 strong at the beginning of the 3rd century ) most of it was stationed along the frontiers . This placed the empire in a precarious position when serious threats arose in the interior or along a remote frontier . There was no central reserve and it was rarely possible to take a full legion , or even a major portion of one , to a troubled area without leaving a dangerous gap in the frontier defences . The only logical solution was to take detachments from different legions and form temporary task forces to deal with the threat . As soon as it was taken care of , these " vexillationes " were dissolved , and the detachments returned to their parent legions . Decline . The " vexillatio " system worked initially , due to the mobility provided by the empire ' s excellent roads and to the high levels of discipline , cohesion and " esprit de corps " of these units and the legions from which they came . But during the Crisis of the Third Century ( a turbulent period from 235 to about 290 ) " vexillationes " were shifted so rapidly from one area to another that units became hopelessly mixed up . This was a major cause of disorganization in the Roman Army which resulted in sweeping military reforms under Diocletian and Constantine I . Units . Later , under the Dominate , " vexillatio " refers to a cavalry unit of the Roman army . From the time of Diocletian and the Tetrarchy , and possibly as early as the reign of Gallienus , " vexillationes " were the usual cavalry units found on campaign . In the 4th century the " Vexillationes palatinae " and " Vexilationes " " comitatenses " of the Roman field armies are thought to have been either 300 or 600 men strong . The Notitia Dignitatum lists 88 " vexillationes " . Other units , such as infantry " cohortes " and " centuriae " , and cavalry " alae " and " turmae " , may have had their own " vexilla " . In addition , " vexillationes " with their own " vexilla " would have designated companies of special troops outside the usual military structure , such as " vexillarii " ( re - enlisted veterans ) , who may have served separately from the cohorts of their ordinary comrades .
HMS Penelope ( 1867 ) HMS " Penelope " was the last small ironclad to be commissioned in the Royal Navy . Because of the absence through illness of the Chief Constructor , Sir Edward Reed , the design of this ship was entrusted to his brother - in - law and the future Chief Constructor , Nathaniel Barnaby . Design . She was specifically designed and intended to be a ship of unusually shallow draught ; why this was so cannot now be established , but it is a speculation the Board of Admiralty intended her for inshore use in the Baltic Sea , where ships of greater draught than hers cannot come close to land without grounding . The same concept led Admiral Jackie Fisher , the First Lord of the Admiralty in the early part of World War I , to initiate the construction of the battlecruiser s , and . Being of shallow draught , it was necessary to build her with twin screws , as a single screw ( of larger diameter ) would have been carried insufficiently deep to be adequately effective . This in turn required twin rudders , and an unusual shape to the stern which disturbed the free flow of water along the hull . The shallowness of her draught made her a very poor performer under sail , and she was described as " drifting to leeward in a wind like a tea tray " ( Captain Willes , R . N . , one - time commander of " Penelope " ) . She was a broadside ironclad , with the guns being deployed centrally on either side of the ship in a box battery . A limited amount of axial , or end - on fire , was allowed for by the provision of secondary gun - ports at the corners of the battery , through which the end - most guns could be traversed to fire . The 5 - inch weapons , situated two forward and one aft on the upper deck , were of only marginal effectiveness . She was the first British capital ship to be fitted with a washroom . Service history . " Penelope " was commissioned at Devonport , and served in the Channel Fleet until June 1869 . She was then guard ship at Harwich until 1882 , which service was interrupted only by occasional short cruises in company with the reserve fleet . She was part of the Particular Service Squadron during the Russian war scare of June to August , 1878 . In 1882 she was present at the bombardment of Alexandria , her shallow draught ensuring that she was designated as part of the inshore squadron . She sustained only minor damage from incoming fire from the shore , needing a replacement main yard and one gun which was destroyed by a direct hit . She remained in the Suez zone as flagship until the conclusion of hostilities , and then returned home for a further five years service at Harwich . She was paid off in 1887 , refitted , and sent to Simonstown as harbour receiving ship . In 1897 she was converted to a prison - ship , in which role she remained until being broken up at Cape Town .
Empire Shelter Empire Shelter was a ship originally laid down as the HMS " Barnard Castle " of the Royal Navy ( pennant number K594 ) , but converted to a convoy rescue ship before completion . Convoy rescue ships accompanied some Atlantic convoys to rescue survivors from ships which had been attacked . Conversion to rescue service involved enlarging galley and food storage areas and providing berthing and sanitary facilities for approximately 150 men . Scrambling nets were rigged along the sides , and boats suitable for open sea work were substituted for normal lifeboats . Rescue ships normally included a small operating room for an embarked naval doctor and sick bay staff . " Empire Shelter " was launched by George Brown & Co . , Greenock on 3 October 1944 , and brought into service on 16 April 1945 . She was owned by the Ministry of War Transport and operated by Ellerman City Line , and sailed with six convoys . Laid up in 1954 at Falmouth , the ship was scrapped in July 1955 at Burght in Belgium . Barnard Castle is a small town in County Durham , England .
Abdul - Malik al - Houthi Sheikh Sayyid Abdul - Malik al - Houthi ( born 1982 ) is a leader of the Zaidiyyah insurgency in Sa ' dah Governorate , Yemen . His brothers Yahia Badreddin al Houthi and Abdul - Karim Al - Houthi are also leaders of the insurgency , as was his late brother Hussein Badreddin al - Houthi . He was claimed to have been heavily injured during an air raid in December 2009 , a claim denied by Houthi spokesmen . On 26 December 2009 , it was claimed that Abdul - Malik has been killed after 2 days from a heavy air strike from the Royal Saudi Air Force . The claim however was refuted by the Houthis which then released video evidence proving he was alive .
USS Herreshoff No . 309 ( SP - 1218 ) USS " Herreshoff No . 309 " ( SP - 1218 ) , also written Herreshoff # 309 , was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Herreshoff No . 309 " was built as a private motorboat of the same name in 1917 by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company at Bristol , Rhode Island , for Winthrop W . Aldrich of Newport , Rhode Island . She was designed and built with the intention that Aldrich would make her available to the U . S . Navy for war service . Accordingly , the U . S . Navy leased her from Aldrich in 1917 for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . Aldrich delivered her to the Navy on 26 October 1917 and she was commissioned as USS " Herreshoff No . 309 " ( SP - 1218 ) on 15 November 1917 with Chief Boatswain ' s Mate J . Fitzpatrick in command . Assigned to the 2nd Naval District in southern New England and based at Newport , " Herreshoff No . 309 " served on patrol duties in Rhode Island waters , both in Long Island Sound off Block Island and in Narragansett Bay , for the rest of World War I . The Navy returned " Herreshoff No . 309 " to Aldrich on 31 December 1918 .
Battle of Neu Titschein The Battle of Neu Titschein or Titschein ( Moravia , now Nový Jičín , Czech Republic ) was fought on 25 July 1621 during the Thirty Years ' War between the Roman Catholic forces of Jean de Gauchier and the Protestant army of Johann Georg Jägerndorf of Hohenzollern . After the defeat of the Bohemian Protestant army in the battle of White mountain , part of its forces remained in Silesia . Protestant nobleman Johann Georg Jägerndorf of Hohenzollern , a Protestant leader in Silesia , decided to restore Protestant power in the Bohemian kingdom . In the northeastern part of nearby Moravia , Protestant Wallachians fought against Roman Catholics , and further east in Slovakia ( Upper Hungary ) Protestants attempted to ally with forces of Hungarian prince Gabor Bethlen . At Neutitschein , a strong Catholic force was assembled and engaged the Protestant forces which had occupied towns and castles in Silesia and northern Moravia . During the battle , a huge fire started and all suburbs of Neutitschein burned down . This fire prevented the Catholic forces to successfully defend the town and only a small part of them , led by Jean de Gauchier , escaped to Olomouc ( Olmütz ) , leaving northern Moravia under Protestant control . Yet , since the Protestant forces were unable to conquer Olomouc and occupy all of Moravia , Johann Georg Jägerndorf of Hohenzollern decided to move to Slovakia to join forces with Gabor Bethlen .
Oklahoma Army National Guard The Oklahoma Army National Guard is the Army National Guard component of the Oklahoma National Guard . The Commander in Chief of the Oklahoma National Guard is the Governor of Oklahoma , who appoints the State Adjutant General ( TAG ) , a Major General from either Army or Air . Currently , the TAG is Major General ( MG ) Myles Deering . The previous TAG was Harry M . Wyatt III . MG Wyatt was promoted to lieutenant general ( LG ) and became the Director of the Air National Guard in Washington D . C . Units . The Oklahoma Army National Guard consists of the following elements : The OKARNG controls the Camp Gruber Maneuver Training Center located near Braggs , Oklahoma .
USCGC Paul Clark ( WPC - 1106 ) The USCGC " Paul Clark " was the sixth . Like the previous five vessels she is homeported in Miami , Florida . She was launched in April 2012 . She was delivered to the Coast Guard , for testing , on May 18 , 2013 . On September 13 , 2013 the vessel repatriated 66 Cuban migrants to Bahia de Cabañas . The migrants had been intercepted in four separate operations over the preceding days . Smaller vessels had intercepted four different migrant vessels . Coast Guard spokesman asserted that their interception of the migrant vessels saved lives because navigation between Cuba and Florida were so dangerous . The migrants were transferred to the " Paul Clark " for repatriation to Cuba . Namesake . The vessel is named after Paul Leaman Clark , who served as a Fireman in the United States Coast Guard . Clark was staffing a landing boat during a large assault on a beach in French North Africa , during World War II , when the craft ' s two other crew members were wounded by a Luftwaffe fighter . Clark took command of the craft , took the wounded crew members to a Navy ship , for medical care , and then returned to his duties as a beachmaster .