naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
267th Indian Tank Brigade The 267th Indian Tank Brigade was a brigade of the Indian Army during World War II formed in July 1942 , from units of the British Army , that had been converted to an armoured role from infantry battalions . the Brigade was intended for service in the Burma Campaign during World War II , but was disbanded in April 1943 . When the brigade was disbanded its units reverted to an infantry role .
Jack Miller ( USMC officer ) Jack Miller ( 2 April 1920 - 4 December 1942 ) was a United States Marine Corps officer who was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his heroic actions as one of Carlson ' s Raiders during the Battle of Guadalcanal in World War II . Biography . Jack Miller was born in Dallas , Texas on 2 April 1920 . He earned a Bachelor ' s degree in Commerce from Southern Methodist University ( SMU ) in 1941 . While at SMU , Miller was the captain of the swim team . Three weeks before graduation , Miller signed up to join the Marine Corps , and reported for duty three weeks after graduation . Marine Corps career . " Miller " served in the Marine Corps Reserve as a Second Lieutenant from 19 May to 31 October 1941 . Commissioned First Lieutenant , USMC , at Quantico , Virginia , 1 November 1941 , he volunteered for " Carlson ' s Raiders " and went to the Pacific Ocean Theatre . Navy Cross action . On 3 December 1942 , as commanding officer of a platoon which had the point at Guadalcanal , he daringly led a flank attack on a strong enemy combat patrol engaged by his battalion at the summit of the hill . Realizing the advance of his platoon was being held up by hostile machine gun fire , he dauntlessly led the assault on the Japanese gun position , acquiring wounds from which he died the following day . He was buried beside the road on Guadalcanal . " Lt . Miller " was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross . Namesake . USS Jack Miller ( DE - 410 ) was named in his honor . She was launched 10 January 1944 , by Brown Shipbuilding Co . , Houston , Texas ; sponsored by Mrs . Henry S . Miller , mother of " Lt . Miller " ; and commissioned 13 April 1944 , Lt . Comdr . J . W . Whaley in command .
British Army Regiments This is a current list of Regiments of the British Army Cavalry . Household Cavalry . Household Cavalry Regiment and Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment Royal Armoured Corps . Heavy Cavalry Light Cavalry The Royal Tank Regiment Infantry . Note : When a regiment is described as having n + n battalions , the first number is regular army battalions , and the second is TA battalions . Foot Guards . Note : The Grenadier Guards , Coldstream Guards and Scots Guards each have a single incremental company stationed in London on public duties that maintains the history and traditions of each regiment ' s 2nd Battalion , which are all in suspended animation . Support Arms and Services . Services
Service Ribbon Service ribbons or ribbon bars are small ribbons mounted on small metal bars equipped with attaching devices , and are generally issued for wear in place of medals . Each country ' s government has its own rules on what ribbons can be worn in what circumstances , and in which order . This is usually defined in an official document and is called " the order of precedence " and / or " the order of wearing " . In some countries , ( particularly the U . S . ) , some awards are " ribbon only " , having no associated medal . Design . The service ribbon for a specific medal is usually identical to the suspension ribbon on the medal . For example , the suspension and service ribbon ( US standard size , 1 1 / 4 inches by 3 / 8 inches ) for the US Government ' s Purple Heart medal is purple with a white vertical stripe at each end ( see Photo ) . However , there are some military awards that do not have a suspension ribbon , but have an authorized ribbon and unit award emblem . The Soviet Order of Victory is a badge that was worn on the military parade uniform . However , a ribbon bar representing the Order of Victory was worn on a military field uniform . Construction . There is a variety of constructions of service ribbons . In some counties , service ribbons are mounted on a " pin backing " , which can be pushed through the fabric of a uniform and secured , with fasteners , on the inside edge . These ribbons can be individually secured and then lined up , or they can be all mounted on to a single fastener . After the Second World War , it was common for all ribbons to be mounted on a single metal bar and worn in a manner similar to a brooch . Other methods of wearing have included physically sewing each service ribbon onto the uniform garments . Display . " Orders of wearing " define which ribbons may be worn on which types of uniform in which positions under which circumstances . For example , miniature medals on dinner dress , full medals on parade dress , ribbons on dress shirts , but no decorations on combat dress and working clothing . Some countries ( such as Cuba ) maintain a standard practice of wearing full service ribbons on combat utility clothing . Others strictly prohibit this . These regulations are generally similar to the regulations regarding display of rank insignia , and regulations regarding saluting of more senior ranks . Service medals and ribbons are generally worn in rows on the left side of the chest . In certain commemorative and / or memorial circumstances , a relative may wear the medals or ribbons of a dead relative on the right side of the chest . Medals and ribbons not specifically mentioned in the " Order of wear " are also generally worn on the right side of the chest . Collecting . The study , history and collection of ribbons , among other military decorations , is known as phaleristics ( sometimes spelled " faleristics " by users of U . S . English ) . Notable examples . U . K . . Admiral of the Fleet Louis Mountbatten , 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma ( incomplete )
1st Flying Training Centre 1st Training Centre ( Polish : 1 Osrodek Szkolenia Lotniczego - 1 . OSL ) is a training unit of Polish Air Force directly under command of Polish Air Force Academy . Unit is stationed on 6th Air Base in Dęblin and operates various training aircraft .
VL Pyörremyrsky The VL Pyörremyrsky ( Hurricane ) was a Finnish fighter , designed by DI Torsti Verkkola at the State Aircraft Factory ( " Valtion lentokonetehdas " ) for service with the Finnish Air Force in World War II . The war ended before the type ' s first flight and only a single prototype was built . History . On November 26 , 1942 the Finnish Air Force ordered two " Pyörremyrsky " prototypes to be built . The aircraft were to be ready by May 1944 . One prototype was later cancelled and only one aircraft was ever built . The aircraft designation " VMT Pyörremyrsky " is also sometimes used , as the factory had been formed into the State Metal Factories ( " Valtion Metallitehtaat " ) during the construction of the aircraft . The use of wood in the construction of the aircraft was maximised due to the sparseness of metals . The goal was to create a fighter with similar flight qualities to the German Messerschmitt Bf 109 G . The engine and the propeller were taken from the Bf 109G . The landing gear was significantly widened in order to address one of the German fighter ' s most noteworthy shortcomings . This significantly eased ground control , as well as take off and landing . The " Pyörremyrsky " prototype PM - 1 made its first flight on November 21 , 1945 at Härmälä , piloted by Esko Halme . After 25 minutes of flying , a piece from the hood fell off and Halme had to land when fumes from the engine started to enter the cockpit . The pilot was saved by his oxygen mask . The aircraft was to fly only three test flights in Tampere , the third time being a transfer flight to Kuorevesi on January 16 , 1946 . There it flew an additional 31 test flights , the total flight time being 27 hours by 1947 . The aircraft was flown by eight pilots : Esko Halme , Lauri Hämäläinen , Erkki Itävuori , Osmo Kauppinen , Lasse Heikinaro , Martti Laitinen , Heikki Keso and Lauri Lautamäki . The last flight lasted only 20 minutes and was made by captain Osmo Kauppinen on July 22 , 1947 . The " Pyörremyrsky " design was considered quite successful . It could outclimb the Bf 109G - 6 and it was very manoeuvrable . The only major problem with the design was found to be the low - quality glue used in the joints . The aircraft was still in the prototype stage when the war ended and this also meant that the funds allocated for the project decreased . The " Pyörremyrsky " prototype was grounded after only some 30 hours of flying and the programme terminated as no funds were available for the purchase of new aircraft for the Finnish Air Force and sufficient Bf 109Gs remained in service to equip the fighter force that was permitted under the Armistice terms . The PM - 1 was removed from FAF lists on April 1 , 1953 . The wing construction was later used in another Finnish aircraft , the Valmet Vihuri trainer . The PM - 1 prototype can today be seen at the Aviation Museum of Central Finland in Tikkakoski .
Yvonne Nèvejean Yvonne Feyerick Nèvejean ( 1900 - 1987 ) was one of the leaders of an organisation that helped hide Jewish children in Nazi - occupied Belgium during World War II . She was instrumental in hiding about 4000 children , many with Catholic families and institutions . After the war she was honoured inside and outside Belgium . In 1965 , she was designated as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem , the Holocaust Remembrance Authority in Jerusalem , and in 1996 a stamp was issued in Belgium bearing her image . Born on November 15 , 1900 , in Gentbrugge , Nèvejean studied at the University of Ghent ( Gand ) and then in the USA where she was awarded a Master of Arts in Social and Political sciences at New York State University . After her return to Belgium in 1928 , she started to work at the National Agency for Children ( " Oeuvre Nationale de l ' Enfance ; ONE " ) , an organization that operated a network of children ' s homes throughout Belgium . She subsequently rose to head this organisation . The Nazis began to deport Belgian Jews in the summer of 1942 . At that time Nèvejean was approached by the " Comité de Défence des Juifs en Belgique " , Belgium ' s main Jewish underground organization ( founded in 1942 by ) , and asked to rescue Jewish children separated from their parents . Acting essentially on her own , Nèvejean agreed to have " ONE " place children with families and in institutions in order to protect them . Ultimately , she saved the lives of some 4 , 000 Jewish children . The Jewish underground financed Nèvejean ' s extensive rescue operation , but when their funds were not sufficient , Nèvejean found funding from banks and from the London based Belgian government in exile and the Joint ( American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee ) . The Gestapo tried to stop Nevejean ' s operations , and arrested some rescuers and rescuees , but they were generally unsuccessful due to the brave stand made by Nèvejean and other Belgians , such as the Queen Mother Elizabeth and Leon Platteau of the Belgian Ministry of Justice , also designated " Righteous Among The Nations " by Yad Vashem . A Belgian priest , Father Joseph André , of Namur was also prominent in this movement .
USS Walter Adams ( SP - 400 ) USS " Walter Adams " ( SP - 400 ) , or ID - 400 , was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1918 to 1919 . SS " Walter Adams " was a wooden - hulled steam fishing trawler built in 1890 by Robert Palmer and Son , of Noank , Connecticut , and rebuilt in 1898 . The U . S . Navy inspected her for possible naval service in March 1917 and again in June 1918 , and chartered her on 23 June 1918 for World War I service in the 6th Naval District . She was commissioned on 1 October 1918 as USS " Walter Adams " with Lieutenant , junior grade , Hugh G . Taylor in command . Photographs show that she had the designation " SP - 400 " painted on her bow and she was used as a patrol boat like other units with an " SP " designation during World War I , although her data card lists her as having Identification Number ( Id . No . ) 400 , or " ID - 400 " , the type of designation given to cargo ship s , tankers , and transports taken up from civilian service for use during World War I . " Walter Adams " operated locally out of Charleston , South Carolina , through the end of World War I . There are no records indicating exactly what she did during her operational career , but it appears likely that she conducted practice minesweeping operations . " Walter Adams " was decommissioned at the Customs House Dock at Wilmington , North Carolina , on 10 January 1919 , struck from the Navy List the same day , and simultaneously returned to her owner .
Heinrich Ruhl Heinrich Ruhl ( born 31 August 1915 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Frank Edmund Beatty , Jr . Frank Edmund Beatty , Jr . was a Vice Admiral in the United States Navy . Biography . Beatty was born on June 17 , 1894 in Washington , D . C . to Frank E . Beatty , a Rear Admiral , and Anne Beatty . He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1916 , and would later attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , earning a B . S . in 1922 . Beatty married Patricia Horton , a native of Ireland . Their son , Denis , would serve as a Lieutenant in the Navy . Beatty died on November 12 , 1976 in Santa Monica , California . Career . During World War I , Beatty served aboard the battleship . Later he would take command of the destroyer from 1933 to 1934 , followed by serving as an aide to the Commanding Destroyers Scouting Force , and as Executive Officer of the heavy cruiser from 1940 to 1941 . From 1941 to 1943 he was an aide to Secretary of the Navy William Franklin Knox before taking command of the light cruiser from 1943 to 1944 . Beatty served as the Commander of U . S . Forces in the Aruba - Curaçao area during World War II from 1944 to 1945 . Beatty retired from the Navy in June 1951 . Decorations he earned include the Navy Cross , the Bronze Star Medal , and he was twice awarded the Legion of Merit .
Yvan Blondin Lieutenant - General Joseph Aimé Jean Yvan Blondin CMM , CD , usually given as J Y Blondin or Yvan Blondin , is Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force . He was appointed to the position on September 27 , 2012 . Career . Blondin joined the Canadian Forces in 1980 and undertook flight training on Lockheed T - 33 jet trainers . He became Commanding Officer of 425 Tactical Fighter Squadron at Bagotville in 2000 ( in which role he supported NATO forces in the former Yugoslavia ) , a member of the Canadian staff in NORAD Headquarters in 2002 and Commander of 3 Wing Bagotville in 2004 . He was deployed to Afghanistan , as Director of Staff in ISAF Headquarters , in 2006 and then assigned as Deputy Commander Force Generation at 1 Canadian Air Division in Winnipeg in 2007 . He attended the Space Operations Course for senior leaders at the National Security Space Institute in January 2008 and served as the Commander of 1 Canadian Air Division / Canadian NORAD Region from July 2009 < ref name = " New Commander of 1 Canadian Air Division / Canadian NORAD Region , July 9 , 2009 " > < / ref > to July 2011 when he was appointed Assistant Chief of the Air Staff . He became Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force on September 27 , 2012 .
Allied leaders of World War II The Allied leaders of World War II listed below comprise the important political and military figures who fought for or supported the Allies during World War II . Engaged in total war , they had to adapt to new types of modern warfare , on the military , psychological and economic fronts .
Type 091 submarine The 4 , 500 / 5 , 500 - ton Type 091 ( US Department of Defense designation Han - class , Chinese designation 09 - I ) was the first nuclear - power ed submarine ( SSN ) class deployed by the People ' s Liberation Army Navy . The first Chief Designer of the submarine was an engineer and scientist of nuclear propulsion engineering Mr . Peng Shilu ( < ruby > < rb > < / rb > < / ruby > ) , then in 1983 succeeded by Mr . Huang Xuhua ( 黄旭华 ) . The first submarine in the class was commissioned in 1974 and the fifth and final boat of the class was commissioned in 1990 . The Han - Class is the among the first generation of nuclear - powered submarines in the People ' s Liberation Army Navy . The Han - Class were developed with a backdrop of factional violence and witch - hunts for enemy agents . The Han - Class is well known for having a noisy reactor and poor radiation shielding . This causes health hazards for her crew as nuclear radiation levels are higher than they should be aboard the submarine . The submarine is also inhibited by an inability to launch missiles while submerged . This creates a tactical disadvantage against opponents that have well - developed anti - submarine warfare systems . The Han - class have gone through major upgrades and numerous refits since their commissionings . Their initial design and weapons appear to be inadequate for confronting modern warships . It is believed that long refits have often meant that these submarines have spent more time in port than out at sea , greatly affecting their operational capacity . The boats have six 533 mm torpedo tubes and carry 20 torpedoes . Alternatively , they can carry 36 mines in their tubes . The Han class is capable of firing sub - launched variants of the C - 801 anti - ship missile as well as a range of indigenous and Russian torpedoes or mines . Hull 401 ( and possibly 402 as well in the near future ) had been retired from active service by 2005 . All remaining hulls however have been refitted with new sonars , with Type H / SQ2 - 262B sonar manufactured by No . 613 Factory replacing the original Type 603 sonar on board . Anechoic tiles were added later reduce noise levels . India ' s short term lease of a Charlie 1 Class SSGN in 1988 resulted in negotiations with Pakistan for a lease of a Han . Pakistan ' s request for one was withdrawn when India returned the Charlie 1 in 1991 . The Han has mostly operated in local waters . Since the 1990s , Hans have been used more aggressively . A Han shadowed a U . S . carrier battle group in the mid - 1990s . In November 2004 , a Han made an incursion into Japanese territorial waters and prompted Japan ' s maritime forces to go on alert for only the second time since the end of World War II . The incursion was through the Ishigaki , Okinawa island group , a lightly populated group of islands very near Taiwan . China later apologized for the incursion saying for " technical reasons , " it ventured into Japanese waters . All 5 boats ( Changzheng 1 to 5 ; # 401 to 405 ) of this class were deployed with the North Sea Fleet and are homeported at Qingdao .
Bombing of Shizuoka in World War II The on June 19 , 1945 was part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States of America against military and civilian targets and population centers during the Japan home islands campaign in the closing stages of World War II . Background . Although the city of Shizuoka lacked major targets of military significance , it was the 15th largest city in Japan per the 1940 census with an estimated population in 1945 of 212 , 000 , and was a major regional commercial center . The Tōkaidō Main Line railway connecting Tokyo with Osaka also ran through the city . Air raids . Shizuoka was bombed a total of ten times during World War II . Tactical raids with high explosive bombs were made against a defunct Mitsubishi aircraft engine plant in March , April , May , and on June 7 , 1945 a tactical raid by B - 29 Superfortress es caused moderate damage to Shizuoka ’ s industrial areas . On June 19 , 1945 , 137 B - 29 bombers from the USAAF 314th Bombardment Wing launched a major firebombing attack on the central part of the city . The bombers attacked in two waves from east and west , so as to trap the population within the center of the city , between the mountains and the sea , dropping 13 , 211 incendiary bombs . The resultant firestorm destroyed most of the city . Shizuoka civil defense measures were crude at best . Air raid shelter s consisted of a hole in the ground next to wooden houses with a wooden roof covered with a thin layer of soil and clay . Due to the high ground water levels in the area , these shelters were shallow , and many people were burned alive in the firestorm . The estimated civilian casualties in the June 19 raid were 1 , 952 people killed , an estimated 12 , 000 were severely injured , and 26 , 891 homes were destroyed . A year after the war , the United States Army Air Forces ' s Strategic Bombing Survey ( Pacific War ) reported that 66 . 1 percent of the city had been totally destroyed . Two B - 29s collided mid - air during the operation , resulting in the deaths of 23 Americans . In 2008 , a headstone with the names of the fallen Airmen was erected in front of the previous Japanese monument in the city . A joint US - Japan memorial service is held each year at the site on the Saturday closest to the day the crash occurred . The book " The Blackened Canteen " , by Jerry Yellin , a P - 51 pilot , tells the story .
Fort Frederick ( Vermont ) Fort Frederick was a formidable blockhouse that was built at the Winooski ( then “ Onion ” ) River in 1773 by Ira Allen , one of the first English occupants to settle in the locality . Allen also established a shipyard nearby at the Winooski River bridge in 1772 . The blockhouse served both as a fort and as a general store and office for the land - speculating “ Onion River Company ” and was built as a matter of security against the Yorker s and Indians , who at that time were held in equal enmity . Fort Frederick was never used for defense , but its protective presence increased the value of Onion River property and advanced local settlement . After the American Revolutionary War , Ira Allen returned to build a dam across the Winooski River with a sawmill at each end . That was the start of the use of the Winooski falls to generate energy and continued into the 20th century , with the construction of water - powered mills on both sides of the river .
Battle of Kursk order of battle The Battle of Kursk order of battle is a list of the significant units that fought in the Battle of Kursk between July and August 1943 . Soviet . Steppe Front ( Ivan Konev ) . This order of battle does not show the complete composition of the Steppe Front . In addition to the units listed below , there are also the 4th Guards , 27th , 47th and 53rd Armies . References . < div class = " references - small " >
Doak VZ - 4 The Doak VZ - 4 ( or Doak Model 16 ) was an American prototype VTOL aircraft built in the 1950s for service in the United States Army . Development . The aircraft was originally powered by an Lycoming YT53 turboprop engine . It was replaced with a Lycoming T53 - L - 1 turbine . The turbine engine is mounted in the fuselage driving two wing - tip mounted tilting ducted fan propellers . Only one aircraft was produced . Given serial number " 56 - 6942 " , it is on display at the U . S . Army Transportation Museum located at Fort Eustis , Virginia .