naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Philippine Independence Medal The Philippine Independence Medal is a military award of the Republic of the Philippines which was created by order of the Philippine Army Headquarters on July 3 , 1946 . The Philippine Independence Medal was created to recognize those members of the military who had participated in multiple Philippine military operations during the years of the Second World War . To be awarded the Philippine Independence Medal , a service member must have previously received both the Philippine Defense Medal and the Philippine Liberation Medal . The award criteria effectively awarded the medal to anyone who had participated in both the initial resistance against Japan ese invasion and also in the campaigns to liberate the Philippines from Japanese occupation in 1945 . A famous recipient was General of the Army Douglas MacArthur . The service member must have also served on active duty in the Philippines after July 4 , 1946 . The Philippine Independence Medal was originally awarded as a ribbon , and it was not until 1968 that a full - sized medal was authorized by President Ferdinand Marcos . The Philippine Independence Medal was also authorized for award to foreign militaries , with a number of retroactive awards presented between 1945 and 1948 .
671st Bombardment Squadron The 671st Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 416th Bombardment Group . It was last stationed at Camp Patrick Henry , Virginia , and was inactivated on 12 October 1945 . History . Established in early 1943 as a B - 25 Mitchell medium bomber Operational Training Squadron under Third Air Force . Received A - 20 Havoc light attack bombers and trained in attack and light bombardment tactics ; deployed to European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) in early 1944 , assigned to Ninth Air Force in England . From England , engaged in tactical bombardment of enemy targets mainly in coastal areas of France and the Low Countries . Attacked V - weapon sites in France . Flew a number of missions against airfields and coastal defenses to help prepare for the invasion of Normandy . Supported the invasion in June 1944 by striking road junctions , marshalling yards , bridges , and railway overpasses . Assisted ground forces at Caen and St Lo in Jul and at Brest later in the summer , by hitting transportation facilities , supply dumps , radar installations , and other targets . In spite of intense resistance , the group bombed bridges , railways , rolling stock , and a radar station to disrupt the enemy ' s retreat through the Falaise gap , 6 – 9 August 1944 . Assisted the airborne attack on the Netherlands in September . Supported the assault on the Siegfried Line by pounding transportation , warehouses , supply dumps , and defended villages in Germany . Converted to A - 26 Invader aircraft in November 1944 . Attacked transportation facilities , strong points , communications centers , and troop concentrations during the Battle of the Bulge , December 1944 - January 1945 . Aided the Allied thrust into Germany by continuing its strikes against transportation , communications , airfields , storage depots , and other objectives , February — May 1945 . Bombed flak positions in support of the airborne assault across the Rhine in March 1945 . Demobilized in France after the German Capitulation during the summer of 1945 ; squadron inactivated as a paper unit in November .
Army of the Coasts The Army of the Coasts ( " Armée des côtes " ) was a French Revolutionary Army created in 1792 . In April 1793 it was split into the armée des côtes de Cherbourg and armée des côtes de Brest , though the armée des côtes de l ' Océan can be seen as its re - forming as a single unit .
USS Clifton ( 1861 ) USS Clifton was a light - draft side - wheel gunboat in the United States Navy . " Clifton " was built in 1861 at Brooklyn , New York , as a civilian ferryboat . She was purchased by the Navy in early December of that year and placed in commission after conversion for combat service . US Navy Service . " Clifton " steamed from New York to the Gulf of Mexico in February – March 1862 . In April she towed mortar schooner s into the Mississippi River and supported them as they bombarded the Confederate fortifications below New Orleans . After the forts and city fell later in the month , she operated with Rear Admiral David Farragut ' s squadron during its drive up the river to Vicksburg , Mississippi . There , on 28 June 1862 Clifton was damaged by enemy gunfire . " Clifton " participated in the Battle of Baton Rouge on 5 August 1862 . In October 1862 , " Clifton " took part in the capture of Galveston , Texas . She helped seize Fort Burton , at Butte La Rose , Louisiana , in April 1863 . In mid - July , her crew assisted in capturing the sailing bark " H . McGuin " . Later in the month she fired on Confederate batteries on the Atchafalaya River , Louisiana . Capture and Confederate service . On 8 September 1863 , during a Federal attack on Sabine Pass , Texas , " Clifton " grounded while under intense cannon fire and was captured . Entering Confederate service with the Texas Marine Department , " Clifton " was employed as a gunboat for some months . On 21 March 1864 , she ran aground off Sabine Pass while attempting to run the blockade . After attempts to refloat the ship failed , " Clifton " was burned by her crew to prevent capture by Federal warships .
USS Dickens ( APA - 161 ) USS " Dickens " ( APA - 161 ) was a " Haskell " - class attack transport built and used by the US Navy in World War II . She was a Victory ship design , VC2 - S - AP5 . She was named after Dickens County , Texas , USA . World War II service . " Dickens " was launched 8 September 1944 by Oregon Shipbuilding Corp . , Portland , Oregon , under a Maritime Commission contract ; sponsored by Mrs . A . M . Owens ; transferred to the Navy 18 October 1944 ; and commissioned the same day , Captain R . M . Ingram , USNR , in command . " Dickens " arrived at Pearl Harbor 11 December 1944 with an unusual cargo , US $ 150 million worth of occupation scrip t [ " sic . " ] for use later in the war . From 11 December to 27 January 1945 she conducted amphibious training operations with elements of the 5th Marines , then sailed by way of Eniwetok and Saipan , to Iwo Jima for the initial assault landings 19 February . She remained off Green Beach under famed Mount Suribachi until 25 February when she sailed for Saipan carrying casualties and 455 survivors of . After her landing craft were replaced at Tulagi , " Dickens " rehearsed at Espiritu Santo , then sailed from Ulithi 4 April 1945 for support landings on Okinawa between 9 and 14 April . Returning to Saipan with casualties 18 April , she embarked reinforcements at Guam and landed them on Okinawa from 15 to 19 May , again returning to Saipan with casualties and troops relieved of duty at Okinawa . On 1 June , " Dickens " entered Subic Bay where she joined in amphibious training until the cessation of hostilities . On 25 August 1945 " Dickens " sailed for Japan with Occupation troops whom she landed at Tokyo Bay 2 September . She returned to the Philippines until 20 October when she stood out for Seattle , arriving 9 November . She was assigned to " Magic Carpet " duty and made one voyage to Tacloban , Philippine Islands , and one to Pearl Harbor , to bring home returning veterans until 4 March when she sailed for the east coast . Arriving at Norfolk 23 March , " Dickens " was decommissioned there 21 May 1946 and returned to the Maritime Commission the same day . Fate . Ex - " Dickens " was placed in the National Defense Reserve Fleet in James River , Virginia . Between 22 July and 14 October 1955 she was withdrawn from the Reserve Fleet for a Repair Program , GAA - South Atlantic SS , and returned . Ex - " Dickens " was sold for US $ 310 , 989 to Luria Brothers & Co . , Inc . for scrapping on 7 May 1974 . At 1300 EDT , on 18 June 1974 she was withdrawn from the Reserve Fleet and sent to the breaker ' s yard . Awards . " Dickens " received two battle star s for World War II service .
944th Fighter Wing The 944th Fighter Wing ( 944 FW ) is an Air Reserve Component ( ARC ) of the United States Air Force . It is assigned to the Tenth Air Force , Air Force Reserve Command , stationed at Luke Air Force Base , Arizona . The 944th FW is an associate unit of the 56th Fighter Wing , Air Education and Training Command ( AETC ) and if mobilized the wing is gained by AETC . Overview . The mission of the 944th Fighter Wing is to train F - 16 pilots and provide combat ready fighter pilots for the Air Force . During peacetime , the 944th trains reservists for worldwide deployments and has participated in real - world operational deployments in support of Operation Provide Comfort II and Operation Northern Watch ( Northern Iraq ) , and Deny Flight / Decisive Edge ( missions over Bosnia - Herzegovina ) , Operation Southern Watch ( Southern Iraq ) and has flown combat missions over the AOR during Operation Enduring Freedom . Additionally , approximately 100 reservists were mobilized in direct support of Operation Enduring Freedom and Noble Eagle . The unit reports to Headquarters Tenth Air Force ( 10 AF ) at NAS Fort Worth JRB / Carswell ARS , Texas , and Headquarters , Air Force Reserve Command . Within the active Air Force , the wing was previously operationally - gained by the former Tactical Air Command and its successor , the Air Combat Command . It is currently gained by the Air Education and Training Command ( AETC ) . The unit has an authorized strength of 1 , 050 personnel . Roughly one - quarter ( 231 ) of assigned personnel are full - time Air Reserve Technicians ( ARTs ) who provide continuity between weekend training periods . The annual payroll comes to almost $ 22 million . The value of unit resources , weapon systems , capital assets , and inventory comes to almost $ 300 million . The unit maintains facilities housing over 207 , 300 square feet ( approximately 19 . 7 percent of Luke AFB facility space ) . The majority of personnel are traditional reservists that meet during one required weekend unit training assembly ( UTA ) each month , augmented by numerous additional weekends and weekdays in an additional drill or active duty status . The reservists represent a wide variety of civilian careers , including airline pilots , doctors , engineers , elected officials , teachers , plumbers , mechanics , corporate managers and local , state and federal government employees . History . The 944th Fighter Wing ( 944 FW ) of the ( Air Force Reserve Command ) at Luke AFB , Arizona , is one of more than 50 flying units in the U . S . Air Force Reserve . The unit was activated at Luke AFB on 1 July 1987 . The 944 FW flies the F - 16 C / D ( Block 32 model ) . The unit is currently funded and manned for 15 F - 16 aircraft . The 944 FW was the first Air Force Reserve fighter unit to fly operational missions with the coalition task force over Northern Iraq in support of Provide Comfort II in 1992 - 1993 . The unit flew 1 , 090 hours or 308 sorties with only one sortie lost due to maintenance .
Miguel Estanislao Soler Miguel Estanislao Soler ( May 7 , 1783 - 1849 ) was an Argentine general , who fought in the Argentine War of Independence . He was appointed governor of the Banda Oriental by Buenos Aires in 1814 , but he was resisted by Artigas and left the city in 1815 . He was one of the three generals of the Crossing of the Andes , along with José de San Martín and Bernardo O ' Higgins . He also fought in the battle of Ituzaingó , against Brazil .
Gun mantlet A gun mantlet is an armour plate or shield attached to an armoured fighting vehicle ' s gun , protecting the opening through which the weapon ' s barrel projects from the hull or turret armour and , in many cases , ensuring the vulnerable warhead of a loaded shell does not protrude past the vehicle ' s armour into the easily penetrated barrel . On many tanks during World War II , the gun mantlet covered both the main gun and any coaxial armament , and had the thickest armour on the vehicle .
Ostrov ( air base ) Ostrov ( also given as Gorokhovka or Kildin ) is an air base in Pskov Oblast , Russia located 7 km southeast of Ostrov and 57 km south of Pskov . It was a nuclear bomber facility with 15 very large revetments on the east side of the airfield and about 30 small revetments on the west side . As many as 63 Tupolev Tu - 16 s were based here . It currently hosts the Russian Navy ' s 444th Center for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel Naval Aviation . In 1953 the 12th Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment , part of the 116th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division ( LRA ) , arrived from Tartu in the Estonian SSR . In 1960 it was transferred to the Baltic Fleet and the Navy and retitled the 12th Naval Missile - carrying Aviation Regiment ( 12 MRAP ) . Briefly under the control of the 57th Maritime Torpedo Aviation Division Long - Range , it was subordinated directly to the Baltic Fleet in 1961 . It flew Tupolev Tu - 16 Ks and Tu - 16Zs throughout the 1960s to 1980s . It was disbanded on 29 December 1989 . The 240 Gv MRAP ( 240th Naval Missile - carrying Regiment ) flying Tupolev Tu - 16 , active for many years , was disbanded in 1991 . It was reformed in 1995 as the 240th Guards Research - Instructor Mixed Aviation Regiment , subordinate to the 444th Center . From 1995 it flew the Sukhoi Su - 24 and Tupolev Tu - 22M3 s . Also at the base was the 5501 BKhu ( 5501st Aviation Equipment Disposal Base ) with 74 probably - scrapped Tupolev Tu - 16 aircraft in 1992 ) .
Hoarding ( castles ) A hoard or hoarding was a temporary wooden ( shed - like ) construction that was placed on the exterior of the ramparts of a castle during a siege . The purpose of a hoarding was to allow the defenders to improve their field of fire along the length of a wall and , most particularly , directly downwards to the wall base . The latter function was capably taken up by the invention of machicolation s , which were an improvement on hoardings , not least because masonry does not need to be fire - proofed . Machicolations are also permanent and siege - ready . It is suspected that in peacetime , hoardings were stored as prefabricated elements . In some castles , construction of hoardings was facilitated by putlog holes that were left in the masonry of castle walls . Some medieval hoardings have survived including examples at the North tower of Stokesay Castle , England and the keep of Laval , France . The Château Comtal at Carcassonne , also in France has reconstructed wooden hoardings .
Hamilton S . Hawkins Hamilton Smith Hawkins ( 1834 – 1910 ) was a United States Army Major General during the Spanish - American War . Hawkins attended the United States Military Academy between 1852 and 1855 , but did not graduate with the class of 1856 due to deficient academics . Despite being a South Carolinian , Hawkins served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . He fought at several battles , including the Battle of Gettysburg . He remained in the army after the Civil War and participated in campaigns against the Plains Indians . He became the only commandant of West Point to have attended the academy and failed to graduate . He served in this position between 1888 and 1892 . Hawkins was Commandant of the United States Army Command and General Staff College , then known as the United States Infantry and Cavalry School , at Fort Leavenworth , Kansas between October 1894 and April 1898 . On May 4 , 1898 , Hawkins was appointed brigadier general in the volunteer army and was in command of the 1st Brigade , 1st Division , VII Corps stationed in Tampa , Florida when the Spanish - American War began . He was transferred to command the 1st Brigade , 1st Division , V Corps and sailed to Cuba . His brigade landed at Daiquirí , was lightly engaged in the fighting at the Battle of Las Guasimas and spearheaded the assault at the Battle of San Juan Hill . While the main U . S . attack was pinned down under Spanish artillery on San Juan Hill , Hawkins permitted Lieutenant Jules Garesche Ord to begin an attack on the hill and then rushed to the front of the main body of his brigade yelling " Come on ! Come on ! " and led his troops up the hill where he was severely wounded in the foot near the crest . On October 4 , 1898 , Hawkins was appointed major general of volunteers and returned to the United States . Hawkins died on March 27 , 1910 in General Springs , New York . The Battery Hawkins built in 1914 to protect Pearl Harbor was named for him .
10 . 5 cm SK C / 32 naval gun The 10 . 5 cm SK C / 32 ( SK - Schnelladekanone ( quick loading cannon ) C - Construktionsjahr ( year of design ) was a German naval gun used in World War II . This was the standard unshielded low - angle deck gun mounted forward of the conning tower in type I , type IX and type X U - boat s . The guns were also used in shielded high - angle mountings aboard type 35 and type 43 minesweepers , Elbing class torpedo boat s , cruiser " Emden " , and old battleships " Schlesien " and " Schleswig - Holstein " . Description . The built - up gun with a barrel , jacket and breech end piece weighed about 1 . 8 tons . The gun fired a projectile 105 mm in diameter , and the barrel is sometimes described as 45 caliber . Fixed ammunition ( case and projectile handled as a single assembled unit ) containing a propellant charge was long . Ceiling was at 80° elevation . Useful life expectancy was 4100 effective full charge s ( EFC ) per barrel . U - boat history . The Ubts LC / 32 mounting used in type I and early type IX U - boats weighed about 5 tonnes and could be elevated from - 10° to + 35° . Later type IX and type XB U - boats used the Ubts LC / 36 mounting reducing weight by 10 percent by restricting elevation from - 10° to + 30° . During the early war years , these guns were used to encourage surrender of independently routed merchant ships or to sink ships damaged by torpedoes . Some of these guns were later removed from U - boats for mounting aboard type 40 minesweepers after unshielded deck guns proved impractical in action against Defensively Equipped Merchant Ships and escorted trade convoys . Coastal defence gun . Norway used this gun in coastal defence batteries until 2002 .
Military of Greenland The government of Greenland does not have control of Greenland ' s military or foreign affairs . The defence of Greenland is the responsibility of Denmark . However , following the November 2008 referendum on increased autonomy , which attracted significant popular support ( 72 % turnout , 75 % vote in favor ) the governments of Greenland and Denmark have agreed to a 30 - point package that will begin to reverse these particulars . Native military . Greenland has no regular military , although it has an armed coast guard that patrols the Greenlandic coast and carries out search and rescue operations . Domestic Military Statistics Changes from June 2009 . The post - referendum governmental changes became effective in June 2009 . Those that affect military provision include : Overseas military . Several American and Danish military bases are located in Greenland , including the US Thule Air Base . The Royal Danish Navy operates a dog sled patrol called Sirius - patruljen , based in Daneborg .
Arthur Dillon , Count Dillon Arthur Dillon , Count Dillon ( 1670 in the county of Roscommon – 7 February 1733 at St Germain en Laye ) was a Jacobite soldier from Ireland who served in the French army . Career . He was a younger son of Theobald , 7th Viscount Dillon who fought for James II of England and was killed at the Battle of Aughrim . In 1691 , after their defeat at Limerick by William of Orange , the Jacobites went into exile under the terms of the Treaty of Limerick , with Arthur Dillon ( like many other Irish Jacobites ) choosing France . In France , he was made the colonel of the Dillon Regiment that his father had raised at his own expense in 1688 . He became a maréchal de camp aged 34 and lieutenant général at only 36 . He fought gloriously in the campaigns of Louis - Joseph de Vendôme in Spain and of François de Neufville de Villeroy in Italy , served under Claude Louis Hector de Villars ( 1708 ) and James FitzJames , 1st Duke of Berwick ( 1709 ) , and in 1713 he captured Kaiserslautern . Titles . In 1711 Arthur was created " Comte Dillon " in France by Louis XIV ; and was awarded the Irish title " Earl of Dillon " in 1721 by the monarch he recognised as James III ( see " Jacobite Peerage " ) . Family . He married Catherine Sheldon , the daughter of an English Jacobite family , and a maid - of - honour to Mary of Modena , queen consort of James II of England . Catherine ' s parents were Ralph Sheldon of Ditchford , Worcs ( 1633 – 1723 ) and Elisabeth , heiress of Daniel Dunn of Garnish Hall in Essex . Their children included : He was also a grandfather of the French generals Arthur Dillon ( 1750 - 1794 ) and Théobald Dillon . He was a cousin of Gerard Lally . He was a great - grandfather of the famous memoirist Henriette - Lucy , Marquise de La Tour du Pin Gouvernet , née Henriette - Lucy Dillon .
USS LST - 1064 USS " LST - 1064 was an " LST - 542 " - class tank landing ship of the United States Navy . She was later named Nansemond County " ( LST - 1064 ) , but never saw active service under that name . She was laid down on 9 January 1945 at the Bethlehem - Hingham Shipyard , Hingham , Massachusetts and was launched on 14 February 1945 , called simply USS " LST - 1064 " . She was commissioned on 12 March 1945 by Lieutenant Leland H . Austin . USS " LST - 1064 " . Following a shakedown in the Chesapeake Bay area , " LST - 1064 " loaded a cargo of ammunition at NWS Earle , New Jersey , and sailed for the Pacific war front , reaching Ulithi on 23 June 1945 . As the end of the war approached , LST Group 99 advanced its operations to the Philippines , and at Leyte " LST - 1064 " transferred her cargo to fleet ships while loading new supplies and embarking units of an air service group destined to strengthen the occupation forces in Japan . Two voyages to Yokohama took place between 4 October and 19 November before arrival of orders to return home . " LST - 1064 " spent Christmas 1945 at Saipan ; New Year ' s Day on the high seas , and before the end of January 1946 , liberty in California . After one year of service , inactivation commenced at Astoria , Oregon , culminating on 21 August when " LST - 1064 " was fully decommissioned and laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet , Columbia River Group . She was named Nansemond County on 1 July 1955 after Nansemond County , Virginia , then was slated for disposal on 17 September 1959 . JDS " Shiretoko " ( LST - 4003 ) . The ship was purchased by Japan in April 1961 under the terms of the Military Assistance Program and sailed as the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force ' s JDS " Shiretoko " ( LST - 4003 ) . In 1975 , she was returned to the United States . RPS " Samar Del Norte " ( LT - 510 ) . The ship was next transferred to the Philippines on 24 September 1976 , and served in the Philippine Navy as RPS " Samar Del Norte " ( LT - 510 ) , after the province of Northern Samar .