naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
ZPU The ZPU ( Russian : зенитная пулемётная установка , meaning " anti - aircraft machine gun mount " ) is a family of towed anti - aircraft gun based on the Soviet 14 . 5 mm KPV heavy machine gun . It entered service with the Soviet Union in 1949 and is used by over 50 countries worldwide . Quadruple - ( ZPU - 4 ) Double - ( ZPU - 2 ) and single - barreled ( ZPU - 1 ) versions of the weapon exist . Precursor . The first dedicated Soviet mount for anti - aircraft machine guns was developed around 1928 by Fedor Tokarev and was adopted for service in 1931 . It was a base for mounting up to four 7 . 62 mm PM M1910 ( Russian Maxim ) guns . This was also called a ZPU , although the name М - 4 was also assigned to it . It served the Soviet armed forces in all major conflicts until 1945 . Description . Development of the ZPU - 2 and ZPU - 4 began in 1945 , with development of the ZPU - 1 starting in 1947 . All three were accepted into service in 1949 . Improved optical predicting gunsights were developed for the system in the 1950s . All weapons in the ZPU series have air - cooled quick - change barrels and can fire a variety of ammunition including API ( B32 ) , API ( BS41 ) , API - T ( BZT ) and I - T ( ZP ) projectiles . Each barrel has a maximum rate of fire of around 600 rounds per minute , though this is practically limited to about 150 rounds per minute . The quad - barrel ZPU - 4 uses a four - wheel carriage similar to that once used by the obsolete 25 mm automatic anti - aircraft gun M1940 . In firing position , the weapon is lowered onto firing jacks . It can be brought in and out of action in about 15 to 20 seconds , and can be fired with the wheels in the traveling position if needed . The double - barrel ZPU - 2 was built in two different versions ; the early model has large mud guards and two wheels that are removed in the firing position , and the late model has wheels that fold and are raised from the ground in the firing position . The single - barrel ZPU - 1 is carried on a two - wheeled carriage and can be broken down into several 80 - kilogram pieces for transport over rough ground . Versions of the weapon are built in China , North Korea and Romania . History . The series was used during the Korean War by Chinese and North Korean forces , and was later considered to be the most dangerous opposition to U . S . helicopter s in Vietnam . Later it was used by Morocco and the Polisario Front in the Western Sahara War . It was also used by Iraqi forces during Operation Desert Storm and again in Operation Iraqi Freedom . In the Russian military , it was replaced by the newer and more powerful ZU - 23 23 mm twin automatic anti - aircraft gun . The type has seen widespread use by both sides in the 2011 Libyan civil war often mounted on pickup - truck technicals . Ammunition . Rounds are also produced by Bulgaria , China , Egypt , Poland , and Romania .
Navy Supply Corps School ( Athens , Georgia ) Until 2011 , new Supply Corps junior officers attended the Navy Supply Corps School ( Athens , Georgia ) ( NSCS ) in Athens , Georgia . History . NSCS occupied a campus with a lengthy history . The site had been used as a school since the 1860s , first for the University of Georgia ' s University High School , then as a Confederate military school , and at the end of the U . S . Civil War , a federal garrison . In 1866 , the site housed a school for disabled young Confederate veterans , which existed with state support for two years . It was then used as a state normal school from 1891 until the 1950s , when it was taken over by the NSCS . In January 2010 the school ' s commander , Captain John Titus Jr . , 45 , was relieved of command by the head of Naval Education and Training Command , Rear Admiral Joseph Kilkenny , because of a " lack of confidence in his [ Titus ' ] ability to lead . " The relief followed a Judge Advocate General investigation . The Base Realignment and Closure ( BRAC ) Commission of 2005 closed NSCS and re - located it to Naval Station Newport , Rhode Island in 2011 . The land the school used to occupy is now being used by the University of Georgia ' s UGA - GRU Medical Partnership as the part of the UGA Health Science Campus . In the summer of 2012 , the UGA - GRU medical students and faculty and of the University of Georgia College of Public Health fully occupied the campus .
Aircraft Warning Corps The Aircraft Warning Corps ( AWC ) was a World War II United States Army Air Force organization for Continental United States air defense . The corps ' information centers networked an area ' s " Army Radar Stations " which communicated radar tracks by telephone , and the information centers also integrated visual reports processed by Ground Observer Corps filter centers . The AWC notified air defense command posts of the " 4 continental air forces " for deploying interceptor aircraft which used command guidance for ground - controlled interception . Background and deployment . United States electronic attack warning began with the 1929 Air Corps " experimenting with a rudimentary early - warning network at Aberdeen Proving Ground " in Maryland , a 1939 networking demonstration at Twin Lights station ( New Jersey ) , and 2 SCR - 270 radar stations during the August 1940 " Watertown maneuvers " ( New York ) . When " Pearl Harbor was attacked , [ there were 8 CONUS ] early - warning stations " ( Maine , New Jersey , and 6 in California ) , and Oahu ' s Opana Mobile Radar Station had 1 of 6 SCR - 270s . CONUS Army Radar Station deployments after Pearl Harbor were primarily for anti - aircraft coastal defence , e . g . , L - 1 at Oceanside , California , B - 30 at Lompoc , California , and J - 23 at Tillamook Head ( Seaside , Oregon ) . California ' s B - 78 Mount Tamalpais Radar Station , subsequently became a Cold War station of the Lashup , Permanent , SAGE , and JSS radar networks . Aircraft Warning Battalions included : 551st at tbd , 555th at tbd , 558th , and 599th ( Drew Field , Tampa : 30 March 1944 ) . Phaseout . The USAAF " inactivated the aircraft warning network in April 1944 , " and by June 1944 AWC volunteers " assigned to filter centers serve [ d ] on the same days that ground observers are on duty " ( information centers continued processing radar information 24 hours a day , e . g . , plotting radar tracks ) . By 1946 , post - war considerations were for ' " development of radar equipment for detecting and countering missiles of the German A - 4 type " ( part of Signal Corps ' Project 414A contracted to Bell Laboratories in 1945 ) , and by 1947 March Field had one of the remaining WWII AC & W radar stations . The AAF announced in late May 1947 plans to move " its Radar School from Boca Raton , Florida , to Keesler [ which ] officially opened on 14 November 1947 " ( originally at Scott Field , then Morrison Field from February to 1 Jun 42 ) . In 1948 , the CONUS " five - station radar net " included the Twin Lights established in June 1948 and Montauk ' s " Air Warning Station # 3 on July 5 , 1948 ( cf . Strategic Air Command radar stations , e . g . , at Dallas & Kansas City bomb plots for Radar Bomb Scoring ) .
Austrian air defense Austrian air defence is undertaken by the integration of civilian and military radar systems under the authority of the Austrian Air Force . General . In the past the control of the Austrian airspace took place by means of a single radarstation located on the summit of Kolomannsberg . This station was completed by 2 dimensional radardata from civil airports and some mobile Bendix " AN / TPS - 1 " searchradars . Today the Austrian airspace control and its air defence is based on the Goldhaube system . " Goldhaube " is named after a traditional Tyrolean women ' s cap . Goldhaube is a combined military airspace commanding , controlling and alerting system that uses modern radar equipment to protect Austria ’ s airspace against any kind of intruders . The most important Goldhaube units are located on the summit of Kolomannsberg , Koralpe and Buschberg . All systems are connected together in the Austrian " Einsatzzentrale / Basisraum " ( EZ / B ) . This is the commandcentre and government crisesbunker , located 300m inside a mountain near the village of Heukareck in the vicinity of St . Johann and Salzburg . The bunker , known by insiders as " der Berg " ( the mountain ) , was built in 1977 - 1982 and houses overall military and civilian leadership in case of war or crisis . Although this system is already more than 20 years operational it is still being under extensive development . These upgrades assure that Goldhaube stays fully operational in the next decades . Timeline . By building a new radar in the south of Austria , by integration of the civil airport authorities in the military chain of command , by building an air operations centre and a backup centre , by totally renewing the Kolomannsberg radar station and by incorporating a datalink and communications network , a state of the art airspace control and air defence system would be at the disposal of the Austrian authorities . Start of Goldhaube project . In 1973 a combined civil / military project " Flugverkehrskontrolle - Luftraumüberwachung " ( airtraffic and airspace control ) had been inaugurated to integrate both services in a combined one . As a direct consequence in 1975 the " Stab Luftraum Beobachtungs System " ( aircontrol staff ) had been activated in the Austrian air force . From a military point of view the need of the actual target altitude as well as an extended view exceeding the Austrian boundaries was absolutely necessary . After the evaluation authorities confirmed the green light for a 3 dimensional radar system in which distance , heading and altitude were incorporated in a single radar picture . The Austrian military staff decided to buy the Italian Selenia RAT - 31S / MRCS - 403 instead of the American " Westinghouse AN / TPS - 43E " system . Although the new Selenia system technology suffered development problems in the mid - 1980s , resulting in a delay of operational activation , the decision to buy the system has been proven to be the right one . Twenty years after operational activation of the first RAT - 31S , Austria ’ s air control system is comparable with the very best air control systems and still meets the highest of standards .
USS Bearss ( DD - 654 ) USS " Bearss " ( DD - 654 ) was a " Fletcher " - class destroyer of the United States Navy , named for Brigadier General Hiram I . Bearss ( 1875 – 1938 ) , USMC , who was awarded the Medal of Honor during the Philippine - American War . " Bearss " was launched 25 July 1943 by Gulf Shipbuilding Corp . , Chickasaw , Ala . , sponsored by Mrs . Louise Bearss , widow of General Bearss ; and commissioned 12 April 1944 , Commander J . A . Webster in command . Service history . World War II . " Bearss " reported to the Pacific Fleet and operated in Hawaiian waters during July 1944 . On 9 August 1944 , she arrived at Adak , Alaska , and served with Task Force 92 ( TF 92 ) and TF 94 in anti - shipping sweeps and bombardments in the Kuril Islands , as well as patrolling in the Sea of Okhotsk until the end of the war . She took part in the bombardments of Matsuwa ( 21 November 1944 , 16 March , and 11 – 12 June 1945 ) , Suribachi Wan ( 5 January and 19 May 1945 ) ; Kurabu Wan ( 18 February 1945 ) ; and the anti - shipping sweeps ( 19 May , 25 June , 17 - 19 , 22 July , and 11 August 1945 ) . " Bearss " arrived at Ominato , Honshū , 8 September 1945 and patrolled along the southern coast of Hokkaidō until returning to the United States . She arrived at Charleston , S . C . , 22 December 1945 ; went into commission in reserve 12 July 1946 ; and out of commission in reserve 31 January 1947 . Post war . " Bearss " was recommissioned 7 September 1951 and joined Destroyer Division 322 ( DesDiv 322 ) , Destroyer Squadron 32 ( DesRon 32 ) , Atlantic Fleet . She served along the Atlantic coast and in the Caribbean on normal peacetime operations . She made two Mediterranean cruises and one Far Eastern cruise ( April – October 1954 ) , which took her around the world . In August and September 1958 , the " Bearss " was part of " Navy Task Force 88 " ( TF 88 ) , during Operation Argus , which was involved in conducting nuclear tests in the very high atmosphere . " Bearss " was decommissioned 1963 . She was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register 1 December 1974 . The ship was sold 14 April 1976 and broken up for scrap . Awards . " Bearss " received one battle star for her World War II service .
HMCS Red Deer ( J255 ) HMCS " Red Deer " ( J255 ) was a that served in the Royal Canadian Navy during World War II . The " Red Deer " was of the 1940 – 1941 construction period . Built by Canadian Vickers Ltd . in Montreal , Quebec , she was commissioned in November 1941 and served in the Royal Canadian Navy until she was paid off in October 1945 . 126 RCSCC Red Deer is a Royal Canadian Sea Cadet Corp in Red Deer , Alberta , that is named after HMCS " Red Deer " .
HMS Loch Lomond ( K437 ) HMS " Loch Lomond " ( K437 / F437 ) was a Loch - class frigate of the British Royal Navy . The ship was named after Loch Lomond in Scotland . The ship was ordered from Caledon Shipbuilding & Engineering Company , Dundee , Scotland on 2 February 1943 , and laid down on 7 December 1943 . Launched on 19 June 1944 , and completed on 16 November 1944 , the ship was commissioned soon after . Service history . World War II . Attached to the 17th Escort Group from 11 December 1944 , until May 1945 the ship patrolled the waters off Scotland and Northern Ireland , and in the English Channel escorting convoys . After V - E Day the ship was nominated for service in East Indies . After modifications she sailed on 28 June for Ceylon . In August she was set to take part in " Operation Zipper " , the recapture of British Malaya , though this was cancelled after the surrender of Japan . She remained at Singapore , supporting local operations until returning to the UK in April 1946 to be decommissioned . While in reserve in 1948 her Pennant number was changed to F437 . 1950 - 1959 . " Loch Lomond " was recommissioned on 22 September 1950 and served in the Mediterranean Fleet based at Malta , also seeing service in the Red Sea . She returned to the UK and was decommissioned on 21 October 1952 . She underwent modernisation between 1953 and 1955 before being recommissioned on 19 April 1955 , returning to the Mediterranean Fleet , also seeing service in the Persian Gulf and as part of the East Coast of India Patrol . She returned to the UK in April 1956 to refit , sailing on 14 November for the Persian Gulf via the Cape of Good Hope , because of the closure of the Suez Canal . Duties in the Gulf and Indian Ocean occupied her until her return to the UK on 12 November 1957 . Another major refit took up 1958 and most of 1959 , before " Loch Lomond " was recommissioned in September . 1960 - 1968 . " Loch Lomond " returned to the Persian Gulf in February 1960 for further patrols and exercises . The ship returned to the UK on 26 January 1961 . In July she joined the 9th Frigate Squadron , returning to the Gulf in November . She then sailed to Singapore and joined the 3rd Frigate Squadron of the Far East Fleet on 18 October 1962 . In March 1963 she supported military operations in the Indonesia – Malaysia confrontation , the " Konfrontasi " , then served as Guard ship at Gan in the Maldives . Exercises and patrol duties in the Indian Ocean and South China Sea occupied her until her return to the UK on 19 December 1964 for decommissioning . Placed on the Disposal List in February 1965 she remained at Portsmouth until 1967 when she was taken to Chatham to be stripped of equipment before being sold for scrap in 1968 .
Clark Franklin Rinehart Clark Franklin Rinehart was born in Ridgeway , Missouri , 30 May 1910 . Navy career . Rinehart enlisted in the U . S . Naval Reserve 30 April 1937 , was appointed aviation cadet 22 July 1937 , designated naval aviator 8 June 1938 , appointed ensign for aviation duties in the U . S . Naval Reserve ranking from 1 August 1938 , commissioned ensign in the United States Navy ranking from 1 June 1939 ; and appointed lieutenant ( junior grade ) for temporary service ranking from 1 November 1941 . He was assigned successively to the Naval Air Station , Pensacola , Florida ; Bombing Squadron 2 on board USS Lexington ( CV - 2 ) ; and Fighting Squadron 2 again on board Lexington . Awarded Distinguished Flying Cross . He received the Distinguished Flying Cross for extraordinary achievement in aerial combat as pilot of a fighter plane in action against Japanese forces in the Battle of the Coral Sea , 7 and 8 May 1942 . His plane failed to return 8 May 1942 . Namesake . USS Rinehart ( DE - 196 ) was named in Lt . Rinehart ' s honor . The ship was laid down by the Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co . , Newark , New Jersey , 21 October 1943 ; launched 9 January 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Dorothy Ruth Rinehart ; and commissioned at New York 12 February 1944 .
Fokker XA - 7 The General Aviation / Fokker XA - 7 was a prototype attack aircraft ordered in December 1929 , and first flown in January 1931 by Fokker and then General Aviation Corporation after it bought Fokker - America in 1930 , and entered in a competition held by the United States Army . However , the Curtiss A - 8 won the competition , and A - 7 development was not continued . Design and development . The XA - 7 was a two - seat low - wing all - metal monoplane design . It featured a thick cantilever wing , tunnel radiator and two closely spaced open cockpits . Operational history . Despite some innovative features , the XA - 7 did not proceed past flight test status . After testing , the sole prototype was scrapped .
Díaz Type C The Díaz Type C , ( C standing for " Caccia " - " fighter " ) was a Spanish fighter prototype in the late 1910s . It competed in the " Concurso de Aviones " in 1919 . Development . The Type C was based on a 1917 design by Julio Adaro which was never completed . The aircraft itself was a two - bay equi - span biplane powered by an 180 hp Hispano - Suiza engine . Operational history . The Type C failed to qualify in the Concurso de Aviones in April 1919 at Cuatro Vientos as it did not meet the requirements set out by the specification from the Spanish Aviación Militar ' s fighter contest . The contest was later won by the Hispano Barrón . Only one was ever produced . Very little data for the Type C have survived .
BAP Mollendo ( ATC - 131 ) The Peruvian Navy Ship BAP * " Mollendo " ( ATC 131 ) is a vessel for transportation and logistics . With 18 . 400 tons displacement and 154 meters in length , was built in the shipyards of the Industrial Service of the Navy of Peru ( PERU - SIMA ) in El Callao . Was released on July 15 , 1970 and commissioned to the Navy May 25 , 1972 . She was originally named " Ilo " , and had a sister " Rimac " . Her present name is after the town of Mollendo in southern Peru . Currently she operates as part of 2nd Surface Flotilla . She is prepared to transport vehicles , military personnel and material in logistic support operations . 2002 , underwent several amendments and fittings to be used as a training ship of the Navy Instruction and has been making trips abroad Instruction Cadets Second and Fourth Year of the Naval School of Peru , visiting many ports of the world < nowiki > * < / nowiki > BAP – " Buque Armada Peruana " ( Peruvian Navy Ship )
Ulrich Freiherr von Canstein Ulrich Maria Freiherr von Canstein ( 16 June 1906 – 10 August 1991 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Ulrich Freiherr von Canstein was captured by British troops in May 1945 and later joined the Bundeswehr .
Boyd Merriman , 1st Baron Merriman Frank Boyd Merriman , 1st Baron Merriman PC , KC , OBE , GCVO ( 28 April 1880 – 18 January 1962 ) , often known as Boyd Merriman , was a Conservative Party politician and judge in the United Kingdom . Education . Merriman was born in Knutsford , Cheshire , and educated at Winchester College . He did not go to university , but became an articled clerk with a firms of solicitors in Manchester , and later studied for the bar . He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1904 , and became a King ' s Counsel ( KC ) in 1919 . During World War I , he served with the Manchester Regiment . Political and judicial career . Merriman was elected at the 1924 general election as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Manchester Rusholme , and served as Solicitor General for England and Wales under Stanley Baldwin from 1928 to 1929 and under Ramsay McDonald from 1932 to 1933 . He left Parliament in 1933 , when he was appointed as President of the Probate , Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court . He was knight ed in 1928 and elevated to the peerage in 1941 as Baron Merriman , of Knutsford in the County Palatine of Chester . In 1950 he was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order ( GCVO ) . Family . Lord Merriman married three times . He married firstly Eva Mary Freer ( d . 1919 ) in 1907 . They had two daughters . He married secondly Olive McLaren ( d . 1952 ) in 1920 . He married thirdly Jane Lamb in 1953 . The peerage became extinct on Lord Merriman ' s death in London in 1962 , aged 81 . He was survived by his third wife . He is buried in Brompton Cemetery , London .
Louw Wepener Louw Wepener ( died 1865 ) was a military leader ( " kommandant " in Afrikaans ) in the Orange Free State who was killed during the Second Orange Free State - Basuto War at Thaba Bosiu , while trying to storm the mountain stronghold of Moshoeshoe I , founder of the Basotho nation . Wepener was killed in what was to be the last attack on Thaba Bosiu in Moshoeshoe ' s lifetime . Wepener was killed at Khubelo Pass and today this pass is sometimes referred to as Wepener ' s . According to the epitaph on the Louw Wepener Monument he was born in 1812 . The monument is erected at his burial site on his farm ( Constantia ) between Aliwal - North in the Eastern Cape and Bethulie in the Free State . The town of Wepener ( founded 1867 ) and Regiment Louw Wepener ( since disbanded ) were named after him .
Kernstown I Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Kernstown of the American Civil War . The Confederate order of battle is shown separately . V Corps , Army of the Potomac . MG Nathaniel P . Banks commanding ( not present )
Battle of Mailberg The Battle of Mailberg took place on 12 May 1082 . The opponents were Vratislaus II of Bohemia ( ) and Leopold II , Margrave of Austria ( ) . Battle . Vratislaus invaded Austria with an army of 6 , 000 soldiers from Bohemia and another 2 , 000 mercenaries from Moravia and Bavaria . Leopold and his army of about 3 , 500 soldiers met the invaders in a valley near Mailberg . Leopold was probably supported by additional forces from the conquered areas who remained loyal to the Babenbergs . According to reports by the historian Cosmas of Prague , Leopold arranged his troops in a wedge configuration , while Wratislaw arranged his troops in three parallel columns : the Moravian troops on the left , the Bohemian troops in the center , and the heavily armed Bavarians on the right . Aftermath . Vratislav and his allies achieved a complete victory . The losses on the Bohemian side were minor , according to Cosmas . The Austrians were taken prisoner and held for ransom . Only a few of Leopold ' s men were able to escape . In 1899 , at a construction site near Mailberg , the remains of numerous soldiers and horses were discovered — most likely from the Battle of Mailberg . As a result of the battle , the northern areas of Lower Austria were devastated from pillage and famine . The Bohemian border was moved closer to Mailberg , recapturing land that had been lost to the Austrians under Bretislaus I in 1041 . After the death of Leopold II in 1095 , his daughter Gerbirg ( Gerberga ) married Bořivoj II , the second son Vratislav in 1100 .