naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
General Aircraft Owlet The General Aircraft GAL . 45 Owlet was a 1940s British single - engined trainer aircraft built by General Aircraft Limited at London Air Park , Hanworth . History . The Owlet was a training version of the Cygnet II built as an attempt to produce a cheap primary trainer for the Royal Air Force . The main change was a modified fuselage with a tandem open cockpit ( the Cygnet had an enclosed cockpit with side - by - side seating ) . The same outboard wing panels were used , but due to the slimmer fuselage , the resulting wingspan was reduced by 24 inches ( 61 cm ) , and wing area was reduced . The Owlet prototype ( registered G - AGBK ) first flew on 5 September 1940 . It did not attract any orders , but ironically it was impressed into service ( with serial number " DP420 " ) with the Royal Air Force as a tricycle undercarriage trainer for the Douglas Boston , which was the primary use to which unmodified Cygnets were also being put . The only Owlet crashed near Arundel , Sussex on 30 August 1942 .
Sikorsky SH - 60 Seahawk The Sikorsky SH - 60 Seahawk also known as Sikorsky S - 70 Is a multifunctional medium twin helicopter developed for the U . S . Navy , based on the structure of the Sikorsky UH - 60 Black Hawk that is used in the United States Army and Air Force . Description . The S - 70B , is the naval version of the helicopter Sikorsky S - 70 . His first was in 1979 . Although it uses a structure very similar to the original S - 70 , known in the U . S . Army as a UH - 60 . The S - 70B aircraft is more complex than the version used in the Army or Air Force , with almost 20 % of different components . The Seahawk is more expensive than previous versions , to have several additional refinements such as additional brake rotors or blades of the electric drive system for the collection of shovels . The landing gear has a shorter distance and the Seahawk ' s engines are specially adapted for naval use , with special treatment for use in environments with high salinity , with a local probe for refueling and an emergency flotation system . In addition , the S - 70B , is an aircraft adapted for use on board ships , with the task of increasing the capabilities of anti - submarine vessels in which they are embedded . In many countries , this helicopter has replaced the SH - 3H Seaking of anti - submarine warfare . Operators . Australia Turkey
RMS Cedric RMS " Cedric " was laid down in 1902 at the shipyard of Harland and Wolff , Belfast . RMS " Cedric " was the second of White Star ' s series known as the " Big Four " , the other three being , and . " Celtic " was the first ship to exceed Brunel ' s in overall tonnage , which was quite an accomplishment , considering Brunel ' s giant ship held the size record for almost 40 years . Except for the " Adriatic " all of these in turn , when built , would be the largest ship in the world for a short time . RMS " Cedric " was a 21 , 035 - gross ton ship , long and abeam , with two funnels , four masts , two propellers and a service speed of . There was accommodation for 365 first - , 160 second - and 2352 third - class passengers . She was launched on 21 August 1902 , and RMS " Cedric " commenced her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York on 11 February 1903 . This was the only route on which she was ever used , although " Cedric " was also sometimes used for winter cruises to the Mediterranean . Trans - Atlantic service . For the next 11 years the ship plied the Atlantic crossing without any major incident . When the sank in April 1912 , " Cedric " was in New York and the ship ' s departure was delayed until the arrived with survivors , including crew members not required for the court of inquiry , who wished to travel back to Liverpool . However , " Cedric " had to sail without any of " Titanic " s survivors or crew due to their mandated appearances for testimony at the U . S . inquiry . Her last voyage on the Liverpool - New York service started on 21 October 1914 after which she was requisitioned for war service , and she was then converted to an armed merchant cruiser . " Cedric " was decommissioned in 1916 , and then she was converted into a troopship for operation initially to Egypt and then to the U . S . In April 1917 , her operation came under the auspices of the Liner Requisition Scheme . On 29 January 1918 , " Cedric " collided with and sank the Canadian Pacific ship " Montreal " off Morecambe Bay . " Montreal " was taken in tow , but she sank the next day from the Mersey Bar lightship . " Cedric " was returned to her owner in September 1919 and refitted by Harland & Wolff . She was refitted to accommodate 347 first - , 250 second - and 1000 third - class passengers . She resumed Liverpool – New York voyages . On 30 September 1923 , " Cedric " collided with the of the Cunard Line in Queenstown ( Cobh ) harbour during dense fog . Neither vessel was seriously damaged . On 23 October 1926 , she was again altered to cabin , tourist and third class . Her last Liverpool – New York sailing commenced on 5 September 1931 and she was sold later the same year , for £22 , 150 to Thomas W . Ward and scrapped at Inverkeithing in 1932 .
Jamie Shea Jamie Patrick Shea ( born 11 . September 1953 in London ) is Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges at NATO Headquarters in Brussels , Belgium . He received worldwide attention during the 1999 Kosovo War , when he served as the spokesperson for NATO . He described the civilians killed by the NATO bombing of Serbia in the effort to prevent the Serbs from retaining Kosovo as the " cost to defeat an evil " . He received his B . A . ( Hons . ) in Modern History and French from the University of Sussex ( 1977 ) and his D . Phil . in Modern History from Lincoln College , Oxford ( 1981 ) . Shea is married and has two children , Chiara and Alexander .
Michael Palmer ( British Army officer ) Major - General Sir Joseph Michael Palmer , KCVO ( born 17 October 1928 ) is a retired senior British Army officer . He was Defence Services Secretary from 1982 to 1985 . Early life . Born on 17 October 1928 , Palmer is the son of Lieutenant - Colonel William Robert Palmer , DSO and his wife Joan Audrey Palmer ( née Smith ) . He was educated at Wellington College at Crowthorne in Berkshire . Military career . Having attended the Royal Military Academy , Sandhurst , Palmer was commissioned into the 14th / 20th King ' s Hussars as a second lieutenant on 22 December 1948 , with seniority from that date . He was given the service number 400011 . Promoted to lieutenant on 22 December 1950 , he was Adjutant of 14th / 20th King ' s Hussars from 1953 to 1955 , and was given the acting rank of captain on appointment . Promoted to captain on 22 December 1954 , he served as Adjutant of the Duke of Lancaster ' s Own Yeomanry from 1956 to 1959 . He attended Staff College , Camberley in 1960 and , having been promoted to major on 22 December 1961 , he attended the Joint Services Staff College in 1965 . He was promoted to lieutenant colonel on 30 June 1969 and between 1969 and 1972 he was commanding officer of the 14th / 20th King ' s Hussars . He was promoted colonel on 30 June 1973 . He went on to be Commander Royal Armoured Corps at Headquarters 1st ( British ) Corps in 1974 and , having been promoted to brigadier on 31 December 1974 , he became Assistant Chief of Staff at Allied Forces Central Europe in 1976 . He became Director Royal Armoured Corps on 8 December 1978 and was promoted to major - general on 19 February 1980 . He was Defence Services Secretary from 1982 to 1985 , when he retired . On 21 March 1985 , Palmer was appointed Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order ( KCVO ) . Palmer was appointed Honorary Colonel of his old regiment , the 14th / 20th King ' s Hussars on 15 February 1981 .
German submarine U - 412 German submarine " U - 412 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out one patrol . She sank or damaged no ships . She was sunk northeast of the Faroe Islands , in October 1942 , by a British aircraft . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 7 March 1941 at the " Danziger Werft " ( yard ) at Danzig ( now Gdansk ) as ' werk ' 113 , launched on 15 December and commissioned on 29 April under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Walther Jahrmäker . She served with the 8th U - boat Flotilla from 29 April 1942 ( training ) and the 9th flotilla from 1 October . Patrol and loss . " U - 401 " departed Kiel on 17 October 1942 . She was sunk on the 22nd northeast of the Faroe Islands by depth charge s dropped by a Vickers Wellington of No . 179 Squadron RAF . Forty - seven men died in " U - 412 " ; there were no survivors .
Archie Stirling Archibald Hugh Stirling , of Keir , more commonly known as Archie Stirling ( born 18 September 1941 ) is Laird of the Keir estate at Lecropt in the Stirling council area in Scotland . He is a millionaire businessman as a theatrical producer , and was a former officer in the Scots Guards . Stirling is the eldest son of William Joseph Stirling , of Keir ( 9 May 1911 - 1983 ) and wife ( m . 22 November 1940 ) Susan Rachel Bligh ( 12 August 1916 - 1983 ) , and a nephew of Colonel Sir David Stirling , OBE , DSO , who was the founder of the Special Air Service , and both are descendants of King Charles II of Scotland and England . His sister Hannah is married to Robert Michael James Gascoyne - Cecil , 7th Marquess of Salisbury . Stirling ' s first wife was Charmian Rachel Montagu Douglas Scott ( 18 July 1942 – 5 April 2009 ) . They married on 11 November 1964 and were divorced in 1977 . She was the niece of Princess Alice , Duchess of Gloucester and the granddaughter of the John Montagu Douglas Scott , 7th Duke of Buccleuch . The couple had two sons , William Rory Alexander Stirling , born on 15 December 1965 , and Ludovic David Stirling , born on 29 April 1967 . Stirling was married to actress Dame Diana Rigg for eight years , from 1982 to 1990 ; their only child is the actress Rachael Stirling , who was born in 1977 . Their marriage ended in a 1990 divorce after Stirling had an affair with actress Joely Richardson . He is now married since 4 August 2000 in Southampton , Long Island , Suffolk County , New York , to Sharon Silver , of Manhattan , New York , New York . They have one child , David . Scottish Voice political party . On 4 January 2007 , BBC News reported that Stirling had begun setting up a new political party aiming to improve standards at the Scottish Parliament in order " to make Scottish politics work for the disillusioned majority , " and will " also put defending the Union at the heart of its policy . " The right - wing party , known as Scottish Voice , was formally launched in February 2007 , and stood in the Scottish Elections of 2007 , but drew a low vote and failed to gain any seats . Further coverage and analysis published on 5 January 2007 was provided by " The Herald " and " The Scotsman " . The party and Stirling are backed by an unnamed group of like - minded people including the millionaire Inverness businessman Robert Mcleod Hotchkiss who are opposed to the breakup of the United Kingdom . Due to a breach in security , information and documents were leaked in advance of the launch . In April 2012 , Stirling announced that he was winding - up the party .
Alfred Nowak Alfred Nowak was an Oberscharführer in the Waffen SS during World War II . He was awarded a posthumous Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II .
USNS Provo ( T - AG - 173 ) USNS " Provo " ( T - AG - 173 ) was a " Phoenix " - class miscellaneous auxiliary acquired by the United States Navy in 1962 , crewed by a civilian crew from the Military Sea Transportation Service , and sent to the Philippines to serve as a delivery ship of parts and supplies to other Navy ships and stations in the Asian area . " Provo " remained in the Philippines , issuing parts and other supplies , until the early 1970s , being struck by the Navy in 1973 . Victory ship built in Oregon . " Provo " , a " special projects ship " , was laid down 28 April 1945 ; launched 17 June 1945 by Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation , Portland , Oregon ; sponsored by Miss Anna P . Burkhalter ; and delivered as " Drew Victory " 14 July 1945 . While in merchant marine service , she was subsequently renamed " California " and " Utah " . Assigned to the U . S . Navy . On 2 March 1963 , she was acquired by the Military Sea Transportation Service ( MSTS ) from the U . S . Maritime Administration , and renamed " Provo " , 20 November 1962 , with the designation of " Special Project Ship " ( " AG – 173 " ) . In July 1963 , she and two other MSTS ships , " Cheyenne " and " Phoenix " , were stationed at Subic Bay , Philippines , as " Forward Floating Depots " . This mission concept involved the use of depot ships for floating storage and issuance of vital military materials in meeting contingencies . The operational application of the concept was tested in 1964 in operation “ Quick Release . ” The ship acted as a point to point cargo carrier , delivering military supplies to Okinawa and Viet Nam from stocking points in Japan and Subic Bay . Inactivation . " Provo " was transferred to the U . S . Maritime Commission , and was sold 31 August 1973 . Her subsequent fate is not known .
Battle of Vermillion Bayou The Battle of Vermillion Bayou was fought on April 17 , 1863 , the third battle in a series of running battles between Union Major General Nathaniel Prentice Banks and Confederate Major General Richard Taylor . The battle was fought after both the Battle of Fort Bisland and the Battle of Irish Bend . Prelude . After Nathaniel Prentice Banks had outmaneuvered Richard Taylor ' s Army of Western Louisiana out from the Bayou Teche region , he continued his movements towards his main objective of Alexandria , Louisiana . The Confederates were trying to slow him down as much as they could and they once again tried slowing him down right outside of Vermillion Bayou . Battle . As Richard Taylor ' s small army was withdrawing up the Teche , they crossed a bridge going over Vermillion Bayou . In order to slow Banks ' army down , Taylor ' s men lit the bridge on fire and stopped for a rest . Banks , who was in pursuit of Taylor , split his army into two columns and sent one towards the bridge and the other column around the side . As soon as the first column came within sight of the bridge , Confederate artillery began shelling the Union soldiers . After a while , Union artillery came up and a series of counter - battery exchanges ensued . During the night , Taylor , knowing himself to be outnumbered , withdrew his force again . Aftermath . Though Taylor had not dealt Banks a defeat , he was continually slowing Banks down from reaching Alexandria , Louisiana , and his ultimate objective of Port Hudson , Louisiana .
Evelyn Fanshawe Sir Evelyn Dalrymple Fanshawe CB , CBE ( 1895 – 1979 ) was a British Major General and the Director of the International Refugee Organisation in the British Zone of Germany from 1948 - 1952 . A grandson on his mother ' s side of Sir Evelyn Wood , he was born to Lt . Gen . Sir Hew Dalrymple Fanshawe and Anna Paulina Mary Wood in 1895 . He married Marie Harari in 1920 . Military career . He was commissioned into the Queen ' s Bays in 1914 and saw service in France , Palestine , Mesopotamia , Persia , Russia and Syria during World War I ; among his assignments during this period was Aide - de - camp to his father who was General Officer Commanding the British Cavalry Corps ( 1915 ) . From 1915 - 1919 he was seconded to the Royal Flying Corps . He returned to his regiment as Adjutant in 1919 . In 1939 he was appointed Commander of the 20th Armoured Brigade and following promotion to Major General he held the post of the Armoured Training and Commander of the Royal Armoured Corps Training Establishment from 1942 to the end of the War . Later career . Fanshawe retired from the Army in 1945 whereupon he became the UN Relief and Rehabilitation Administration Director in the British Zone of Germany ( 1945 – 1948 ) . Subsequently he was Director of the International Refugee Organisation in the British Zone of Germany from 1948 - 1952 . In 1952 he was attached to the Dominion Countries UN Organisation Mission , and in 1960 was High Sheriff of Northamptonshire .
Ndogboyosoi War The Ndogboyosoi ( or bush devil ) war was an episode of political violence that occurred in 1982 between All People ' s Congress ( APC ) and Sierra Leone People ' s Party ( SLPP ) supporters . The violence was centered in Pujehun District , especially the Soro - Gbema chiefdom . It was triggered by the ruling APC party ’ s electoral manipulation and the intervention of a special squad of customs police against supporters of the SLPP candidate . There was no process of reconciliation following this violent episode . The children of those killed in the fighting , or who died in detention , were among the first to join the Revolutionary United Front ( RUF ) when they attacked eastern and southern Sierra Leone from Liberia nine years later .
Vladslo German war cemetery Vladslo German war cemetery is about three kilometres north east of Vladslo , near Diksmuide , Belgium . Established during World War I , the cemetery holds 3 , 233 wartime burials . In 1956 , burials from many smaller surrounding cemeteries were concentrated in Vladslo , and it now contains the remains of 25 , 644 soldiers . Each stone bears the name of twenty soldiers , with just their name , rank , and date of death specified . The cemetery is administered by the German War Graves Commission ( " Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge " ) . They also look after the three other German war cemeteries in Belgium : Langemark , Menen and Hooglede . The Grieving Parents . The cemetery also contains a pair of statues – " The Grieving Parents " – by Käthe Kollwitz , a noted German sculptress . She made the statues in the 1930s as a tribute to her youngest son , Peter , who was killed in October 1914 and is buried nearby . The eyes on the father - figure gaze on the ninth stone before him , on which his son ' s name is written .
196th Battalion ( Western Universities ) , CEF The 196th ( Western Universities ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Winnipeg , Manitoba , the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915 / 16 in universities throughout western Canada . After sailing to England in November 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 19th Reserve Battalion on January 2 , 1917 . The 196th ( Western Universities ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . D . S . MacKay . The Battalion Chaplain was the distinguished theologian and Principal of St Andrew ' s College , Saskatoon , Edmund Henry Oliver . Future Prime Minister John Diefenbaker served as a lieutenant in the battalion 1916 - 1917 . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Laffly S15 The Laffly S15 was a familty of all - terrain military vehicles from French manufacturer Laffly that shared the same six - wheel drive chassis . They were used by French forces during World War II . Foreign use . When France delivered 41 Renault R - 35 tanks to Romania in 1939 , a number of Laffly S15T artillery tractors were also delivered . These gun tractors were used by the 2nd Armoured Regiment ' s support services . Popular Culture . The S - 15 and W - 15 TCC are both used in WWII Online : Battleground Europe as the French hauler truck and self - propelled gun , respectively .
Defense of Oguta The Defense of Oguta ( May – October 9 , 1969 ) was a military conflict during the Nigerian Civil War between Nigerian and Biafran soldiers . The Defense of Oguta occurred during the final stages of the Civil War and happened within 3 months of the Biafran surrender . Background . Ever since the early stages of the Nigerian Civil War , both sides had been fighting for control of the Imo State . The Imo State was particularly important due to its capital , Owerri . Owerri was first invaded by the Nigerians on September 17 , 1968 , during Operation OAU and it was kept under Nigerian control until the Capture of Owerri in early 1969 . Oguta had been attacked many times before and it became an important city during the war . It lay directly in the path of Owerri but it was heavily fortified by Biafran soldiers . Many roads connecting Oguta and Owerri to Nigerian - controlled cities were purposely destroyed by Biafran soldiers to delay attacks by the Nigerian army . After the large Nigerian loss at Owerri , Gen . Benjamin Adekunle was replaced by Murtala Muhammad and Olusegun Obasanjo . Since Oguta had been gained and lost two times in the last year , Nigerian President Yakubu Gowon ordered a final attack on Oguta and Owerri . Battle . In May 1969 Murtala Muhammad and Mohammed Shuwa made their ways towards Oguta . Biafran President Odumegwu Ojukwu ordered Col . Omorowa , Adgara Ike , and Joseph Achuzie to defend the city . Before the arrival of the Nigerians Joseph Hannibal was able to destroy the Port Harcourt – Owerri road and the Owerri – Onitsha road . In late May 1969 Mohammed Shuwa arrived with a large force of men in downtown Oguta . A large gun battle ensued and ended with the retreat of Shuwa ' s men and over 500 dead on both sides . Olusegun Obasanjo arrived with Murtala Muhammad in July 1969 with over 30 tanks and over 10 , 000 men . Obasanjo ' s men surrounded the city and began shelling the city . Over 30 % of the city ' s population fled with over 2 , 200 civilians killed or wounded in the crossfire . The Biafrans managed to keep Oguta under their control for another 3 months but lost it when Olusegun Obasanjo invaded the city with full force on October 9 , 1969 . Even though Oguta was captured by the Nigerians they were unable to capture Owerri . Aftermath . The war remained at a stalemate until the invasion of Umuahia on December 24 , 1969 . The Biafran capital was moved to Owerri and there it stayed until the surrender of the country to the Nigerians on January 15 , 1970 .
Erich - Heinrich Clößner Erich - Heinrich Philipp Karl Albert Reinhard Clößner ( 17 September 1888 – 28 March 1976 ) was a highly decorated General der Infanterie in the Wehrmacht during World War II who held commands at the divisional and corps levels . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Erich Clößner was captured by Allied troops in 1945 and was held until 1947 .