naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Trijicon biblical verses controversy ABC News report . On 18 January 2010 , ABC News reported Trijicon was placing references to verses in the Bible in the serial numbers of sights sold to the U . S . Military . The ABC News story was initiated by Mikey Weinstein and the Military Religious Freedom Foundation , after being alerted to the practice by multiple sources including active - duty servicemembers . Tom Munson , director of sales and marketing for Trijicon , said the practice of including the references was started nearly 30 years previously by the company ' s founder , devout Christian Glyn Bindon , who died in a 2003 plane crash . Responses . Some Christian organizations spoke out against the practice . A spokesman for U . S . Central Command , which manages military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan , opined the inscribed sights do not violate the military ' s self - imposed ban on proselytizing because there is no effort to distribute the equipment beyond the U . S . troops who use them . " This situation is not unlike the situation with U . S . currency " , said the spokesman , Air Force Maj . John Redfield . " Are we going to stop using money because the bills have ' In God We Trust ' on them ? As long as the sights meet the combat needs of troops , they ' ll continue to be used " . On 20 January 2010 the BBC reported that the British Ministry of Defence , which had — when unaware of the issue — recently purchased 480 Trijicon sights for use in Afghanistan , appreciated that the markings could cause offense , and had taken the matter up with the company . As news of the inscriptions surfaced , further armed forces became aware of controversial practice . The New Zealand SAS had purchased 260 of the scopes in 2004 and at the time was also unaware of the practice . The New Zealand SAS confirmed they will not stop using the sights as they are considered the best in the world . A New Zealand defence force spokesman was quoted as saying " We deem them to be inappropriate " , and the NZ Prime Minister , John Key said the government was not aware of the inscriptions when the equipment was purchased , and " We are in discussions with the company in the United States who will ensure the inscriptions are removed , and we wouldn ' t want them on future sights " . End of practice for government contracts . On 22 January 2010 , Trijicon announced it would stop the practice of engraving Biblical references on products sold to the government . It also offered to provide modification kits for the purpose of removing such engravings on sights already produced and sold to the military . In a statement , the company said it was both " prudent and appropriate " to remove the engravings . Trijicon ' s consumer products are still engraved with Biblical references in accordance with company tradition .
Battle of Martinique ( 1779 ) The Combat de la Martinique , or Battle of Martinique , was a naval encounter on 18 December 1779 between a British squadron under Admiral Hyde Parker and a French squadron under Admiral Toussaint - Guillaume Picquet de la Motte near the island of Martinique in the West Indies . Background . In the fall of 1779 , a British fleet under Admiral Hyde Parker was anchored at St . Lucia ( which they had captured a year before ) , while a French fleet under Admiral Toussaint - Guillaume Picquet de la Motte was undergoing a refit at the nearby island of Martinique in the West Indies . Parker was awaiting the arrival of Admiral George Brydges Rodney , who was to lead the 1780 campaign , and his fleet was largely at rest , with crews ashore and repairs being made to some vessels . Encounter . Around 8 am on 18 December , , which was stationed in the channel between the two islands , gave a signal indicating the arrival of an unknown fleet . Parker immediately scrambled , and managed to get five ships of the line and a 50 - gun frigate out to meet the arriving fleet , which turned out to be a French supply fleet destined for Martinique . Before La Motte was able to muster some of his ships to meet them , Parker managed to capture nine of the convoy ships , forcing four of them ashore . Parker , who has called on all its ships , now has 13 ships of the line , against only three for the French . La Motte left the anchorage at Fort Royal with his flagship " Annibal " ( 74 guns ) and two ships of the line , " Vengeur " ( 64 ) and " Réfléchi " ( 64 ) . As his arrival was to the windward , he was able to cover the arrival of the remaining convoy ships . The British fleet , with in the lead , began beating against the wind to closing with the French fleet . By 5 pm , " Conqueror " came with the range of " Annibal " guns , and battle was engaged between those two , with the other French ships eventually joining in . The defense of La Motte - Picquet is facilitated by the shore batteries firing on the vessels of Parker . By the time evening arrived , had also come within range , but the action had worked its way toward shoals near Fort Royal , and the French fleet was coming under the protection of the port ' s guns . Parker finally called his fleet off at 6 : 45 pm , but one last broadside from the French fleet took the life of " Conqueror " captain , Walter Griffith . Aftermath . La Motte ' s conduct during the battle impressed Hyde Parker sufficiently to make him send a congratulatory letter to his adversary when they had occasion to communicate via a truce flag :
Chief of the Defence Staff ( Spain ) The Chief of the Defence Staff ( ) is the chief of defence equivalent of the Spanish Armed Forces . The position is currently held by Admiral Fernando García Sánchez . History . The position was introduced by the first government of Felipe Gonzalez in 1984 and replaced the position of Chief of Joint Chiefs of Staff ( JUJEM ) which replaced the Chief of the defence high command ( jefe del Alto Estado Mayor ) in 1979 . The last officer to occupy the post of Chief of Defence high command was Lieutenant General Felipe Galarza . ( from July to september 1977 . The last Officer to occupy the position of Chief of Joint Chiefs of Staff was Lieutenant General Alvaro Lacalle Leloup from 1982 to 1984 . The AEM was replaced by the JUJEM in May 1980 before the creation of the position of JEMAD in early 1984 which took over many of the functions previously under the responsibility of the JUJEM . Functions . The Chief of the Defence has two roles :
Glauco - class submarine The " Glauco " - class was a class of two submarine s built by CRDA in Trieste for the Royal Italian Navy ( ) . The submarines had initially been ordered by the Portuguese government in 1931 , but were finished for the " Regia Marina " when Portugal cancelled the order . Both boats were launched and commissioned in 1935 , and both boats saw action in the Spanish Civil War and the Second World War . The Glauco was badly damaged by the British destroyer Wishart and scuttled by own crew as inoperable on the 27 June 1941 , west of Gibraltar ; Otaria was surrendered to the Allies in 1943 and used as a target by the Royal Navy in Malta until it was sent to the Junkyard in 1948 .
John C . Curtis John Calvin Curtis ( April 17 , 1845 – January 17 , 1917 ) was a Lieutenant of the Ninth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry in the American Civil War , and a Medal of Honor recipient . Curtis was born on April 17 , 1845 in Bridgeport , Connecticut . He enlisted in the Ninth Regiment on August 17 , 1861 . On August 5 , 1862 , as a Sergeant - Major at age 17 , he became instrumental in repulsing a Confederate attack aimed at recapturing Baton Rouge , Louisiana . During heavy firing , he " voluntarily sought the line of battle and alone and unaided captured 2 prisoners , driving them before him to regimental headquarters at the point of the bayonet . " For this act , Curtis received the Medal of Honor on December 16 , 1896 , the only soldier from the Ninth to be so honored . Curtis was later promoted to First Lieutenant . He died on January 17 , 1917 , and was buried at Mountain Grove Cemetery in Bridgeport . Medal of Honor citation . He voluntarily sought the line of battle and alone and unaided captured 2 prisoners , driving them before him to regimental headquarters at the point of the bayonet .
USS Southery ( IX - 26 ) USS " Southery " , a steamer built in 1889 by R . Thompson Sons & Co . at Sunderland , England , was purchased by the United States Navy on 16 April 1898 . She was converted to a collier at the Boston Navy Yard and commissioned there on 2 May 1898 , Commander Walton Goodwin in command . Service history . 1898 - 1916 . " Southery " steamed out of Boston on 6 June and , for the remainder of 1898 and into 1899 , she cruised the Atlantic coast from Boston to as far south as Jamaica . On 18 February 1899 , the converted collier was placed out of commission at the Norfolk Navy Yard and converted to a prison ship . " Southery " was moved to Boston on 6 April 1902 , where she resumed duty as a prison ship . In early July 1903 , the prison ship was shifted to Portsmouth , New Hampshire . In February 1913 , she became station ship at Portsmouth . 1917 - 1933 . When the United States entered World War I in the spring of 1917 , " Southery " was still at Portsmouth . On 27 April , she received half of the first draft of recruits from the Great Lakes Naval Training Station and , for five months , trained them intensively . She returned to duty as a prison ship on 25 September 1917 and was so employed until 7 November 1918 , when she became receiving ship at the Portsmouth Navy Yard . On 16 April 1922 , " Southery " moved to the Boston Navy Yard and assumed duty there as receiving ship on the 26th . She continued in the assignment until she decommissioned on 12 July 1933 . Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 September , and her hulk was sold to Boston Iron and Metal Co . of Baltimore , Maryland on 1 December .
Charles Older Charles Herman " Chuck " Older ( September 29 , 1917 – June 17 , 2006 ) was the third highest scoring ace of the American Volunteer Group ( the " Flying Tigers " ) and later the judge in the Charles Manson murder trial . In his military career , he served in both World War II and the Korean War . Older shot down 18 enemy planes and was the third highest scoring Flying Tiger ace ( with 10 . 25 victories ) . Born in Hanford , California , he earned a degree in political science from the University of California Los Angeles in 1939 and later graduated from University of Southern California law school . After a distinguished legal career , he was appointed to the bench of the Los Angeles Superior Court by Governor Ronald Reagan in 1967 . He served for twenty years before retiring . His most famous case was the Charles Manson trial . The trial lasted ten months , the longest in American history at the time . Prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi praised Older for his firm but fair handling of the difficult case . At one point , Manson tried to attack the judge and had to be restrained by bailiffs . He died on June 17 , 2006 at the age of 88 of complications from a fall in his home in West Los Angeles . He was survived by his wife , Catherine Day Older , and three daughters .
Clifton T . Speicher Clifton T . Speicher ( March 25 , 1931 – June 14 , 1952 ) was a United States Army soldier in the Korean War who posthumously received the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Born on March 25 , 1931 , in Gray , Pennsylvania , Speicher joined the Army from that city in 1951 . By June 14 , 1952 , he was serving in Korea as a corporal in Company F of the 223rd Infantry Regiment , 40th Infantry Division . On that day , during an attack against a hostile position near Minarigol , his squad came under intense small - arms , mortar , and machine gun fire . Although wounded , Speicher charged the machine gun nest and killed the occupants with his rifle and bayonet . He was wounded again during his approach and died shortly after silencing the emplacement . For these actions , he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor a year later , on August 19 , 1953 . Aged 21 at his death , Speicher was buried at Beam German Reformed Church Cemetery in Jennerstown , Pennsylvania . Medal of Honor citation . Speicher ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Cpl . Speicher distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and indomitable courage above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy . While participating in an assault to secure a key terrain feature , Cpl . Speicher ' s squad was pinned down by withering small - arms , mortar , and machine gun fire . Although already wounded he left the comparative safety of his position , and made a daring charge against the machine gun emplacement . Within 10 yards of the goal , he was again wounded by small - arms fire but continued on , entered the bunker , killed 2 hostile soldiers with his rifle , a third with his bayonet , and silenced the machine gun . Inspired by this incredible display of valor , the men quickly moved up and completed the mission . Dazed and shaken , he walked to the foot of the hill where he collapsed and died . Cpl . Speicher ' s consummate sacrifice and unflinching devotion to duty reflect lasting glory upon himself and uphold the noble traditions of the military service .
Thomas Conover Thomas H . Conover was a United States Navy officer born in New Jersey in 1794 . He entered the Navy as a midshipman January 1 , 1812 and during his fifty - three years of service to the Navy would serve aboard the , , and was Captain of the during her service with the African Squadron . He was one of the first officers to be promoted to the rank of Commodore on July 16 , 1862 . Conover died on September 25 , 1864 .
Eugen Ott ( general ) Eugen Ott ( 20 May 1890 – 11 August 1966 ) was a highly decorated General der Infanterie in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several corps . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Ishinosuke Uwano Uwano was stationed in the Japanese half of Sakhalin Island at the end of the war , and had been in contact with his family as late as 1958 . He subsequently married a Ukrainian woman and settled in Kiev , where he had three children . However , his lack of contact with his family led to the declaration that he was legally dead in 2000 ; as a result , when he returned to Japan to visit family in 2006 , he had to enter his homeland on a Ukrainian passport .
John Winnington John Francis Sartorius Winnington DSO ( 17 September 1876 – 22 September 1918 ) was an English cricketer who played a single first - class game , for Worcestershire against Oxford University at The University Parks in 1908 . He scored 0 and 20 in Worcestershire ' s crushing 332 - run victory . He was born in Charlton Kings , Cheltenham , Gloucestershire . Winnington was commissioned into a Militia battalion of the Worcestershire Regiment in 1895 . He later transferred to the Regular Army and was promoted Captain in 1901 . In the First World War , Winnington was promoted Lieutenant - Colonel in 1915 . As well as being awarded the DSO , he was mentioned in despatches four times . He died of wounds near Kefar Kassin , Ramle , Palestine at the age of 42 while commanding a battalion of the Northamptonshire Regiment .
Fritz Klein Fritz Klein ( November 24 , 1888 – December 13 , 1945 ) was a German Nazi physician hanged for his role in atrocities at Bergen - Belsen concentration camp during the Holocaust . Life and career . Klein was born in Feketehalom , Austria - Hungary ( now Codlea in central Romania ) . Klein was considered a Volksdeutscher , or ethnic German . He studied medicine at the University of Budapest and completed his military service in Romania , finishing his studies in Budapest after World War I . He lived as a doctor in Siebenbürgen ( Transylvania ) . In 1939 as a Romanian citizen he was drafted into the Romanian army , where after the outbreak of the war with the Soviet Union in 1941 he served as paramedic on the eastern front . In May 1943 Romanian dictator Marshal Antonescu , on a demand from Hitler to release ethnic Germans in the Romanian Army , drafted them into the German army . Hence Klein became a soldier in the Waffen - SS , was listed in the SS - Personalhauptamt , and was posted to Yugoslavia . On 15 December 1943 , he arrived in Auschwitz concentration camp , where at first he served as a camp doctor in the women ’ s camp in Birkenau . Subsequently he worked as a camp doctor in the Gypsy camp . He also participated in numerous selections ( " Selektion en " ) on the ramp . In December 1944 he was transferred to Neuengamme concentration camp , from where he was sent to Bergen - Belsen concentration camp in January 1945 . He remained at the camp with commandant Josef Kramer and assisted in handing it over to British troops . Klein was imprisoned and required to help bury all unburied corpses in mass graves . The British Fifth Army Film & Photographic Unit photographed Klein standing in a mass grave in a well - known 1945 photo . When asked how he reconciled his actions with his ethical obligations as a physician , Klein famously stated : " My Hippocratic oath tells me to cut a gangrenous appendix out of the human body . The Jews are the gangrenous appendix of mankind . That ' s why I cut them out . " Klein and 44 other camp staff were tried in the Belsen Trial by a British military court at Lüneburg . The trial lasted several weeks from September to November 1945 . During the trial Anita Lasker testified that he took part in selections for the gas chamber . He was sentenced to death and hanged at Hamelin jail by Albert Pierrepoint on December 13 , 1945 .
TAFLIR TAFLIR is the abbreviation for the " Tactical Flight Radar " of the Swiss Air Force . TAFLIR is used to improve the Recognized Air Picture and to support air traffic control and air surveillance of the Swiss Air Force . Procurement . The topography of Switzerland is such that certain areas and even radar shadows do not allow surveillance by permanently installed radars placed on mountains . In 1985 , five mobile radar systems were purchased for 254 million franc s in order to solve this problem . Switzerland procured the mobile radars to improve the nation ' s aerial warfare capability . In peacetime operations , TAFLIR is deployed to support security during annual World Economic Forum meetings in Davos , Switzerland . However , the systems viability in a military operation was a controversial matter that was brought to attention and addressed in the initial attack waves of the Iraq War . Technology . TAFLIR is a modified version of the requirements for Swiss AN / TPS - 70 radar of the company Westinghouse ( now Northrop Grumman ) . It replaced the Target Allocation Radar TPS - 1E . These Ground Master 200 type AN / MPQ - 64 radars are a variant of the Northrop Grumman AN / TPS - 75 and can be deployed in areas of difficult terrain to improve the Recognized Air Picture . Peacetime TAFLIR deployment locations are at Dübendorf and Payerne . In times of crisis or war they can be deployed anywhere . They use a phased array antenna , which reduces the appearance of side lobes by more than 50 % , thus reducing vulnerability to anti - radar missiles and a secondary radar . The radar uses a phase - encoded pulse compression to improve accuracy and resolution at a distance . As an active protection measure against Electronic Countermeasures the frequency can be changed to Pulse . The heart of the TAFLIR system is the rotating antenna mounted on a truck . Containers contain further components such as radar electronics , terminal operation and cooling equipment . Thanks to the modularity of the TAFLIR system , vehicles can be exchanged and the TAFLIR may relocate within hours . Radar data of the TAFLIR are fed directly to the FLORAKO system . Use . In times of peace , the system is stationed near military airfields to improve the recognized air picture . Any systems not in use are stored in particular Electromagnetic pulse - protected caverns . The TAFLIR system can operate in any location accessible by truck and can be deployed within a few hours . The TAFLIR system is used when the Recognized Air Picture has to be improved locally , e . g . at the World Economic Forum . A mobile radar LW company is required to operate a TAFLIR system . All the mobile companies belong to the Air Force Radar Battalion 2 . As a comparative system , the Austrian Tiefflieger Acquisition Radar ( TER ) is considered .
Northern Virginia military shootings The Northern Virginia military shootings were a series of attacks targeting military facilities at times when they were believed to be unoccupied during October and November 2010 . Forensic examination of the bullets left at the various scenes confirmed that all of the shots were from the same rifle . Incidents . The first shooting was aimed at the National Museum of the Marine Corps in Triangle , Virginia on October 16 , when bullets from a high - velocity rifle penetrated the atrium skylight . On October 19 , 2010 shortly before 5 a . m . , an unidentified gunman shot at the south side of The Pentagon in Arlington , Virginia , shattering , but not penetrating windows on the third and fourth floors . The offices behind those windows were vacant due to renovations . The Pentagon Reservation was locked down as authorities swept the area for evidence , and the building was reopened about 5 : 40 a . m . The Joint Terrorism Task Force is leading the investigation into the incident . Then the shooter attacked the Marine Corps Museum again on October 29 . The same rifle was used to attack a Marine Corps recruiting center in Chantilly , Virginia on October 26 . This series of attacks prompted the organizers of the October 31 , 2010 Marine Corps Marathon to upgrade security precautions , which proceeded without incident . On November 3 , authorities announced that the same rifle was used to shoot at a United States Coast Guard recruiting center in Woodbridge , Virginia on late November 1 or early November 2 . Suspect . The person behind the attacks remained unknown until June 17 , 2011 when Yonathan Melaku , a 22 year old naturalized Ethiopian immigrant and Marine Corps Reserve Lance Corporal , was found at Arlington National Cemetery while it was closed . He was carrying spent shell casings , a notebook containing references to the Taliban and Osama bin Laden , and plastic bags filled with ammonium nitrate , a common component of homemade explosives . He also left his vehicle parked in the woods near the Pentagon , police said . He had also been recently charged with breaking into 27 cars in suburban Washington . The investigation of the incident connected Melaku to the shootings , and on June 23 , 2011 , he was charged with two counts of willfully injuring the property of the United States , for which he faces up to 20 years in prison , and two counts of using a firearm during a violent crime , for which he faces up to a life sentence , with more charges possible . The Federal Bureau of Investigation is working with the Fairfax County Police , the Prince William County police and the Pentagon Force Protection Agency to investigate the case . On January 11 , 2013 , Melaku was sentenced to 25 years in prison . This sentence was the outcome of a plea deal ; afterward , Melaku retained new counsel and was diagnosed with schizophrenia , but decided to stick with the plea deal .