naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Thomas McMahon ( Irish republican ) Thomas McMahon ( born 1948 ) is a former volunteer in the South Armagh Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) , and was one of the IRA ' s most experienced bomb - makers . McMahon was convicted of the assassination of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Mountbatten of Burma and three others ( including two children and an elderly lady ) at Mullaghmore , County Sligo , in the west of Ireland . He planted a bomb in " Shadow V " , a 27 ft fishing boat belonging to Mountbatten at Mullaghmore , County Sligo , near Donegal Bay . Lord Mountbatten was killed in the bomb blast along with three other people : The IRA admitted responsibility for the act in a statement released immediately afterwards . In the statement from the organisation they said : " " This operation is one of the discriminate ways we can bring to the attention of the English people the continuing occupation of our country . " " McMahon was arrested by the Garda ( the Republic of Ireland ' s police force ) two hours before the bomb detonated , having been initially stopped on suspicion of driving a stolen vehicle . He was tried for the assassinations in the Republic of Ireland , and convicted by forensic evidence supplied by Dr James O ' Donovan that showed flecks of paint from the boat and traces of nitroglycerine on his clothes . He was sentenced to life imprisonment for murder on 23 November 1979 , but was released in 1998 under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement . After his release , Toby Harnden in " Bandit Country " reported that McMahon was holding a tricolour in the first rank of the IRA colour party at a 1998 IRA meeting in Cullyhanna . However according to a BBC report , McMahon has said that he had severed his links with the IRA in 1990 . He has twice refused to meet Paul Maxwell ' s father , John , who has sought him out to explain the reasons for his son ' s death . In a May 2011 interview for " The Telegraph " , Maxwell stated that he had " made two approaches to McMahon , the first through a priest , who warned me in advance that he thought there wouldn ' t be any positive response . And there wasn ' t . I have some reservations about meeting him , obviously – it might work out in such a way that I would regret having made the contact . On the other hand , if we met and I could even begin to understand his motivation . If we could meet on some kind of a human level , a man to man level , it could help me come to terms with it . But that might be very optimistic . McMahon knows the door is open at this end . " . He likewise refused requests from Knatchbull ' s twin brother , who lost an eye in the same explosion . The latter , however , has forgiven McMahon and other members of the IRA who committed the act . McMahon lives with his wife Rose in a hillside bungalow in Lisanisk , Carrickmacross , County Monaghan . He has two grown sons . He helped with Martin McGuinness ' s presidential campaign in 2011 , erecting posters for McGuinness around Carrickmacross . " He has never apologised for the Sligo murders and has refused to meet any of the victim ' s relatives . "
Hans Traut Hans Karl Emil Julius Ludwig Traut ( 25 January 1895 , Sarreguemines – 9 December 1974 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the IV . corps . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Hans Traut was captured by Soviet forces in 1944 , in 1947 he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor and was held until 1955 . Hans Traut had been nominated for Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords in December 1943 for his skilled leadership of the 78 . Sturm - Division . This request was denied without reason .
Dimitrios Kamberos Dimitrios Kamberos ( , 1883 - 1942 ) was the first military aviator in Greek history . His name was spelled variously in contemporary foreign sources , including Camberos and Cambères . Kamberos was originally an artillery officer , and one of the first six Greek officers selected to receive training in France . The others were : They were joined by Emmanuel Argyropoulos , a private pilot , the first in Greece . The Army Aviation started with six planes , including four purchased from the Farman Aviation Works and assembled by French mechanics : Three of the Farman planes were christened " Aetos " , " Gyps " , and " Ierax " . The planes were paid for by money donated by a poet named Matsoukis . Upon their return from France , Kamberos took the first official military exercise flight on 13 May 1912 . In June 1912 , after converting his plane to a hydroplane , he broke the world speed record at 110 km / h . He flew his first combat mission , a reconnaissance flight , on 5 October 1912 , at the outbreak of the First Balkan War . After World War I , he served as the chief instructor of the military flight school . He died of cold and starvation during the Axis Occupation of Greece .
Roger Degueldre Lieutenant Roger Hercule Gustave Degueldre ( 19 May 1925 , Louvroil , Nord - 6 July 1962 , Fort d ' Ivry ) was a leader of the OAS Delta Commandos in the last months of French rule in Algeria . Biography . There is some dispute about his origins but Jonathan Meades claimed that there was much ' disinformation ' by the authorities to discredit him . For example there were allegations that he was a Belgian collaborator with the SS during World War II . He was born in France a few kilometres from the Belgian border into a working - class family . His father was a railway worker . When the Germans invaded in 1940 , the family fled to the south of France . In 1942 Degueldre clandestinely entered the occupied zone to join the French Resistance under Roger Pannequin and engaged the 10th German Motorized Infantry Division at Colmar in January 1945 . He then joined French Foreign Legion , under the name of Roger “ Legueldre ” with a claimed birth on 18 September 18 , 1925 in Gruyeres in Switzerland . As a foreigner he would be eligible to join the Foreign Legion . His identity was formally corrected in 1955 . He reached the rank of warrant officer in Indo - China and was received the Croix de Guerre des Théâtres d ' Opérations Extérieures . After the battle of Điện Biên Phủ , he transferred to the 1st Parachute Regiment ( Foreign Legion ) and was assigned to the Algerian conflict . He was made officer and a knight of Légion d ' honneur ( Legion of Honour ) . While defending French Algeria in 1960 , he was suspected of having taken part in a failed plot against General de Gaulle shortly after his visit in Algiers . He was transferred to the 4th Foreign Infantry Regiment . He became convinced of the need for an armed struggle and deserted to operate under cover gaining a reputation for ruthlessness . He recruited Albert Dovecar as his lieutenant along with as many as 500 others . In 1961 , he established a force called the Delta Commandos of the Organisation de l ' armée secrète ( OAS ) . On 15 March 1962 the group attacked Chateau - Royale in El - Biar close to Algiers and shot six leaders of the Educational Social Centers of Algeria ( three French and three Algerian ) on the grounds that the centres were believed to be directing resistance to French rule . It is estimated that the group were responsible for 20 - 30 deaths He was arrested on 7 April 1962 , condemned to death on 28 June and executed by firing squad in the Fort d ' Ivry near Paris on 7 July . Three officers appointed to command the firing squad refused and were demoted . In the event only one bullet from the eleven - man firing squad hit him . The officer in charge emptied his revolver into Degueldre and had to get a second weapon to finish the execution . He is buried in the Gonards cemetery in Versailles . His partner , Nicole Gardy , was also condemned to death but fled with her family to Argentina .
Henry F . Thomas Henry Franklin Thomas ( December 17 , 1843 – April 16 , 1912 ) was a politician from the U . S . state of Michigan . Thomas was born in Tompkins Township , Michigan and attended the common schools and Albion College of Albion , Michigan in 1859 . He enlisted in 1862 during the American Civil War as a private in the Seventh Regiment , Michigan Volunteer Cavalry . He was promoted to first sergeant of Company D , and in July 1864 to second lieutenant . He renewed his studies in the Ypsilanti Normal School , ( now Eastern Michigan University ) and graduated from the medical department of University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1868 and commenced practice in Constantine . In 1870 , he moved to Allegan , Michigan . Thomas served as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives from Allegan County ' s 1st district in 1873 and 1874 and then served in the Michigan Senate , 14th district , in 1875 and 1876 . He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1884 . Eight years later , he was elected as a Republican from Michigan ' s 4th congressional district to the 53rd United States Congress . He was reelected to the 54th Congress , serving from March 4 , 1893 to March 3 , 1897 . He served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy in the 54th Congress . He was an unsuccessful candidate for re - nomination in 1896 . Henry F . Thomas became a surgeon in the Michigan Soldiers ' Home in 1907 and 1908 and a member of the Michigan pardon board in 1909 and 1910 . He died in Allegan and is interred in Oak Hill Cemetery in Ann Arbor .
Bombing of Zagreb in World War II The bombing of Zagreb in World War II was carried out by the Allies from 1944 until 1945 . Over the course of the bombing the areas of Črnomerec , Borongaj and Pleso were hit the hardest . On February 22 , 1944 a Dominican monastery was hit by the bombing , resulting in the deaths of eight theology students . In response to these deaths , archbishop of Zagreb Aloysius Stepinac sent a letter to the British ambassador to the Holy See . On May 30 , 1944 , 100 bombs were dropped on Borongaj , each weighing 250 kg . In 2007 and 2008 , unactivated bombs were found in Maksimir during construction . In 2008 a bomb was found in the nearby town of Sveta Nedelja .
Andrew C . Tychsen Andrew Christian Tychsen ( June 27 , 1893 – July 3 , 1986 ) was an United States Army officer with the rank of Brigadier General . Early years . Tychsen was born on June 27 , 1893 in Hoboken , New Jersey . During World War I , Tychsen enlisted as a Private in the Minnesota National Guard in April 1914 and was assigned to Company A of the 1st Infantry . In this capacity , Tychsen served on Mexican Border during Pancho Villa Expedition . He rose to the rank of First sergeant and was posted to the First Reserve Officers Training Camp at Fort Snelling on March 25 , 1917 . Since August 1917 , Tychsen was deployed in France with 88th Infantry Division and participated in the combats near Belfort and Epinal . Tychsen was promoted to the rank of Captain and Commanding Officer of Company C , 339th Machine Gun Battalion . After his return to the States in 1919 , Tychsen was commissioned as a Captain in the Regular army and attended the United States Army Infantry School at Fort Benning in 1921 . During 1921 – 1925 , he served as an Assistant Professor of Military Science and Tactics at University of Minnesota . Subsequently he served as an Professor of Military Science and Tactics at St . Thomas Military Academy until 1932 , when he was transferred to Hawaii , where he served at Schofield Barracks with 27th Infantry Regiment . On August 1 , 1935 Tychsen was promoted to the rank of Major and was detached to the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas . He graduated there a year later and then was transferred to Jefferson Barracks in Missouri , where he served with 6th Infantry Regiment until 1938 . World War II . During the year 1938 , Tychsen was transferred to the Camden , New Jersey , where he was appointed as an Executive officer of the Camden Military District . In this capacity , he was in command of Organized Reserves . He spent some time as a Battalion commander of the 1st Infantry Replacement Group , before took command of 399th Infantry Regiment within 100th Infantry Division . He participated in the Battle of the Bulge , Rhineland Campaign and Central European Campaign . At the beginning of January 1945 , Tychsen was appointed assistant division commander of 100th Infantry Division . He succeeded Brigadier General John S . Winn in this capacity . He was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General on April 12 , 1945 . On August 22 , Tychsen succeeded Major general Withers A . Burress as Division commander and served with the Division until the end of January 1946 , when the Division was inactivated . Retirement . During Korean War , Tychsen was appointed as Chief of Staff of the IX Corps under command of Major general Willard G . Wyman . Brigadier general Tychsen retired from the Army on June 30 , 1953 . After retirement from the Army , Tychsen served on the United Nations Rehabilitation Commission for Korea and finally retired in 1958 . Brigadier general Andrew Christian Tychsen died at the age of 93 on July 3 , 1986 . He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery .
French ship Jupiter ( 1831 ) The Jupiter was an 80 - gun " Bucentaure " - class 80 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy , designed by Sané . In 1836 , she ferried Admiral de Markau from Brest to Fort de France to replace Admiral Halgan as governor in the Caribbean . In 1837 , she ferried troops to Algeria . She took part in the naval parade of 6 September 1850 in Cherbourg , and in the Crimean war . Struck in 1863 , she was used as a barracks hulk in Rochefort from 1870 .
Ferdinand Simeon Le Quesne Lieutenant - Colonel Ferdinand Simeon Le Quesne VC ( 25 December 1863 – 14 April 1950 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was educated at King ' s College London before he joined the British Army . After the Third Anglo - Burmese War , local leaders started a guerilla war against the British forces who now occupied the country . Le Quesne ' s action was during this period . He was 25 years old , and a in the Army Medical Service ( later the Royal Army Medical Corps ) serving with the Chin Field Force in Burma when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 4 May 1889 during the attack on the village of Tartan ( now Siallum near Voklaak Village ) , Burma ( now Myanmar ) by a column of the Chin Field Force , Surgeon Le Quesne remained for the space of about ten minutes within five yards of the loopholed stockade , from which the enemy was firing , dressing with perfect coolness and self - possession , the wounds of an officer who shortly afterwards died . Surgeon Le Quesne was himself severely wounded later while attending to the wounds of another officer . Further information . Le Quesne later served in the Second Boer War and World War I . He retired in 1918 with the rank of lieutenant colonel . The medal . His VC is held at the Jersey Museum in St Helier .
Thompson Light Rifle The Thompson Light Rifle was an attempt by Auto - Ordnance to manufacture a light rifle for the US Armed Forces . The overall weapon was based on their well proven . 45 ACP submachine gun , although the original . 30 Carbine caliber platform was based on the M1921 / 27 variants . It worked well but due to the war effort was found expensive for mass production and its weight defied the concept of a Light Rifle . The only major differences from the Light Rifle and SMG was the barrel shroud which housed a quick barrel change device similar to the MG42 and pressed steel components to ease production / reduce weight . The in - line stock reduced barrel climb improving accuracy . The Thompson Light Rifle was more reliable and accurate than the M1 Carbine that was adopted and also came with the capability of select fire , which made it close to the likes of the StG - 44 . Auto - Ordnance also submitted two other models not based on the Thompson SMG for tests in the . 30 Carbine competitions in May and June , 1941 . Their first Cal . . 30 Light Rifle was a more conventional rifle with recoil - operated locked - breech action and weighed about 5 . 5 pounds . The modified version tested September , 1941 was semi - auto only , had eighty parts , and was found difficult to disassemble and reassemble .
3rd New York Regiment The 3rd New York Regiment was authorized May 25 , 1775 and organized from June 28 to August 4 from the counties of Ulster , Dutchess , Orange , and Suffolk under the command of Colonel James Clinton for five months service in Canada . The enlistments of the first establishment ended on December 31 , 1775 . The second establishment of the regiment was authorized on January 19 , 1776 . The regiment was reraised between February and May 1776 at Albany , New York for service with the Continental Army under Colonel Rudolphus Ritzema . Lt . Colonel Frederick von Weissenfels Frederick , Baron de Weissenfels became the commander of the 3rd New York at the Battle of White Plains on October 28 , 1776 after Colonel Rudolphus Ritzema was absent without leave . The 3rd New York was part Alexander McDougal ' s brigade defending Chatterton Hill . The regiment was raised for the third time in December , 1776 under the command of Peter Gansevoort . The regiment would see action in the Invasion of Canada , New York Campaign , Fort Stanwix . It was relieved from Fort Stanwix in November , 1778 and took part in the Sullivan Expedition . During the winter of 1779 - 1780 it encamped with the New York Brigade at Morristown , New Jersey where it took part in a raid on Staten Island . The regiment was merged into the 1st New York Regiment , on January 1 , 1781 .
Erich Baumgartl Erich Baumgartl ( 24 October 1918 – 12 July 1944 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Luftwaffe during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Erich Baumgartl was killed on 12 July 1944 by a de Havilland Mosquito night fighter .
Clyne Castle Clyne Castle is a grade II listed building situated on a hill overlooking Swansea Bay , adjacent to the Clyne valley , near Blackpill , Swansea . It was originally built in 1791 by Richard Phillips , a wealthy Carmarthenshire landowner . The Castle was subsequently remodelled by later owners . Swansea University used the Castle as a hall of residence ( Neuadd Gilbertson ) after it acquired the building in the 1950s . The University built two accommodation blocks , and , later , a women ' s hall ( Neuadd Martin ) , with exceptionally fine sea views , on the hill behind the castle . The two halls , which were linked by external steps , shared some functions . The City of Swansea acquired the mature park of the Castle , now called Clyne Gardens ( Gerddi Clun ) , which has views over the bay . In 2003 , the university decided to sell the halls and to build more accommodation on the main university campus instead . The current use of the refurbished castle is as a block of luxury one - and two - bedroom apartments . The student accommodation blocks and the women ' s hall were demolished and have now been replaced ( 2006 ) by futuristic award - winning housing .
Edward Falkingham Edward Falkingham ( c . 1683 – 18 September 1757 ) was an officer in the Royal Navy . He served for a time as Governor of Newfoundland . Falkingham received his first commission in 1703 when he was promoted to Lieutenant . On 26 February 1713 he was promoted to the rank of captain in command of HMS " Weymouth " . Falkingham in charge of HMS " Gibraltar " along with Commodore Thomas Kempthorne aboard of HMS " Worcester " was charged with overseeing the enforcement of Treaty of Utrecht when it came to the fishing grounds of Newfoundland in 1715 . A major concern to the merchants of England was the over - wintering of fisherman in Newfoundland and William Arnold , a New England trader , was suspecting of enticing those fisherman to over - winter in New England . Falkingham was assigned the duty of observing Arnold in the summer of 1715 . Falkingham went on to command various vessels in both the Baltic and the Mediterranean . In 1718 he commanded HMS " Orford " with distinction at the Battle of Cape Passaro , off the coast of Sicily . On 5 May 1732 , Falkingham was commissioned as Commodore - Governor of Newfoundland . Finding that there was only one prison , in St John ' s , Falkingham ordered the construction of other prisons in Ferryland , Bonavista and Carbonear . Falkingham retired from sea service in 1742 , and when his health began to fail him in 1755 , from the Navy altogether .
USS Frank Cable ( AS - 40 ) USS " Frank Cable " ( AS - 40 ) is the second built by the Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company of Seattle , Washington for the United States Navy . The ship was christened on 14 January 1978 by Mrs . Rose A . Michaelis , wife of Admiral F . H . Michaelis , then Chief of Naval Material . The ship is named for Frank Cable , an electrical engineer who had worked as an electrician and trial captain for the . Service history . USS " Frank Cable " was designed as a submarine tender for s . The ship spent 1980 until 1996 as the repair ship for SUBRON 4 and 18 in Charleston , South Carolina , tending and s . " Frank Cable " began decommissioning in 1996 , but then was reactivated and refitted to replace the in the Western Pacific as Commander Seventh Fleet ' s mobile repair and support platform . Since arriving in Guam , USS " Frank Cable " has visited many Western Pacific ports in support of U . S . forces . In 1997 , the ship was heavily involved with the rescue and recovery efforts following the Korean Air Flight 801 crash on Guam , and also in the recovery and clean - up efforts following Typhoon Paka . From 1980 to 2003 , USS " Frank Cable " garnered many awards as a unit of both the U . S . Atlantic and Pacific Fleets , including seven Meritorious Unit Commendations , nine Battle Efficiency " E " awards and three Golden Anchor Awards . " Frank Cable " ’ s most recent recognition was a Humanitarian Service Medal for support provided in recovery efforts on Guam following Super Typhoon Pongsona in 2002 . Accidents . On 1 December ( Guam time ) , 2006 , a steam line ruptured aboard USS " Frank Cable " . Two sailors were killed and seven others injured .
RML 6 . 3 - inch howitzer The RML 6 . 3 - inch howitzer was a British rifled muzzle - loading " siege " or " position " howitzer / mortar proposed in 1874 and finally introduced in 1878 as a lighter version of the successful 8 - inch howitzer that could be carried by the existing 40 - pounder gun carriage . By 1880 the RML 6 . 3 - inch was superseded by a longer 6 . 6 - inch howitzer with higher muzzle velocity . Description . The barrel consisted of an inner " A " tube of toughened mild steel , surrounded by wrought - iron " B " tube and jacket . Rifling was of the " polygroove " type , with 20 grooves and a twist increasing from 1 turn in 100 calibres ( i . e . 630 inches ) to 1 in 35 ( i . e . 220 inches ) . < br style = " clear : left ; " > Second Boer War . A number of RML 6 . 3 - inch howitzers were used by the British forces during the Second Boer War , normally mounted on 40 pr RML carriages . Ammunition . The gun was the first British rifled muzzle - loader to dispense entirely with studs on shells to impart spin : its shells from the beginning had gas checks attached to their base which expanded and engaged with rifling on firing to impart spin to the shell . < br style = " clear : left ; " >