naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Walter Taylor ( archaeologist ) Walter Willard Taylor , Jr . ( 1913 – 1997 ) was an American anthropologist and archaeologist most famous for his work at Coahuila in Mexico and his " Conjunctive archaeology " , a method of studying of the past combining elements of both the traditional archaeology of the period and the allied field of anthropology . This was exemplified by his work " A Study of Archeology " . Life . Taylor was born in Chicago but grew up in Greenwich , Connecticut . Although studying geology , while at Yale University Taylor became interested in anthropology and archaeology . He graduated in 1935 , and that summer he began working for the Museum of Northern Arizona in Flagstaff , where he was influenced by the holistic environmental philosophy of Lyndon Hargrave . After three years in the field , in 1938 he enrolled for a Ph . D . in anthropology at Harvard . When World War II broke out , Taylor enlisted in the U . S . Marines , serving in Europe and being parachute d into enemy territory to assist local resistance groups . He was captured and badly wounded in 1944 and was not released from a German prisoner - of - war camp until the end of the war in Europe . During his imprisonment , he began teaching anthropology to his fellow prisoners . He earned a Purple Heart and Bronze Star and remained as a captain until 1955 . After the war Taylor moved around the United States until settling in Carbondale , Illinois , where in 1958 he began working at Southern Illinois University ' s Department of Anthropology . He also taught from time to time at the University of Texas , the University of Washington , Mexico City College , and Mexico ' s National School of Anthropology and History . At the same time , he carried out investigations at sites in Arizona , New Mexico , Georgia , Mexico , and Spain , before retiring in 1974 . Ideas . Taylor saw archaeology as an integrated discipline , combining the study of diet , settlement patterns , tools and other elements to provide a holistic view of the past . His conjunctive approach attempted to determine cultural context by connecting the correlated patterns in the archaeological record to patterns of culture . This approach , along with his open and specific criticism of leading archaeologists of his day , caused dismay among many archaeologists at the time but is now a standard practice in the discipline . Taylor was one of the first to loudly decry the descriptive , historical approaches in the field . However , Patty Jo Watson said that Taylor ' s purpose " was not to generate ill will but rather to stimulate examination . . . of aims , goals and purposes by American archaeologists . " Taylor ' s work anticipated by many years the efforts of the " New Archaeologists " of the 1960s , and " A Study of Archeology " remains in print .
Royal Bodyguard of Bhutan The Royal Bodyguard of Bhutan is a part of the Royal Bhutan Army but independent as it is under the personal command of the King of Bhutan and is in charge of the security of the King of Bhutan ( currently Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck ) and other members of the Royal Family . The strength of the force is more than one thousand soldiers but it is the most elite unit of the armed forces of the Kingdom of Bhutan . The commandant is Major General Dhendup Tshering ( one of the senior most military officers having served in the army for more than 36 years ) . The soldiers are well trained and well equipped with the latest armaments and training in all fields such as counter - terrorism , etc . The Royal Bodyguard of Bhutan proved themselves during brief conflict with northeastern extremist groups camped in Bhutan and under the personal command of the then fourth king of Bhutan , as the guards had no casualties and spearheaded most of the attacks .
Wilfried Herling Wilfried Herling was killed on 28 November 1943 , when straffed on take - off by 15 IAP Yak 1s led by Kpt Leontiy . Hptm Wilfred Herling , 7 / StG - 2 , Stfkpt 7 / StG - 2 Ju 87 ( lost KIA ) . Awards . Wilfried Herling died 28 November 1943 near the Bolsh - Kostromka - Nord airfield , when the returning unit was jumped by enemy fighters , and the Ju 87 of RK Holder Lt Hans Krumminga was hit by German flak and rammed Herling ' s AC . Both AC crashed and burned , killing both crews . 700 missions ; destroying 26 tanks , 10 AA guns , 21 Field guns , 6 supply and 2 armored trains plus additional shipping damage .
German submarine U - 795 German submarine " U - 795 " was a Type XVIIA U - boat of the German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . " U - 795 " was laid down on 2 February 1943 at the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft shipyard at Kiel . Launched on 21 March 1944 , the U - boat was commissioned on 22 April 1944 under the command of " Oberleutnant " Horst Selle . She served with 8th U - boat Flotilla until 15 February as a training boat , and then with 5th U - boat Flotilla until 3 May 1945 . On 3 May 1945 , while in dry dock at Kiel , the boats engine room was destroyed with explosives to prevent its usefulness to the enemy if captured .
Plato Andros Plato Gus Andrecopoulos ( November 28 , 1921 – September 22 , 2008 ) was a former college All - American and professional football player . A 6 ' 0 " , 240 lbs . from the University of Oklahoma , Andros spent four years in the United States Coast Guard fighting German submarines before coming back to earn All - American honors as a Sooner in 1946 . He was selected by the Los Angeles Rams in the 7th round of the 1947 NFL Draft and played four years in the National Football League for the Chicago Cardinals from 1947 to 1950 . Plato ' s brother Dee Andros was also a star lineman at Oklahoma and would eventually become the head football coach and athletic director at Oregon State .
Horse Sand Fort Horse Sand Fort is one of the larger Royal Commission sea forts in the Solent off Portsmouth , Hampshire , England . It is across , built between 1865 and 1880 , with two floors and a basement and armour - plated all round . The original armament was to have been 45 10 - inch and 44 12 . 5 - inch rifled muzzle - loading ( RML ) guns on the gun floors and 10 12 " RMLs on the roof in five turrets . In fact the turrets were never built and the limited space meant the 12 . 5 - inch guns had to be operated with less than full charges of powder . In 1882 , 12 - inch rifled breech - loading guns were placed in alternate bays . Horse Sand Fort was built on a ring of masonry consisting of large concrete blocks with an outer skin of granite blocks , the interior being filled with clay and shingle and covered with a thick layer of concrete . The lower foundation walls of fort are thick . The fort is split into 3 levels with top measuring in diameter . The floors would have originally provided storage of armoury and guns and the things needed to sustain the men that were stationed on site . The top of the fort consisted of a lighthouse and various chimneys and ventilators . The fort has its own Artesian well ( aquifer ) which provided fresh water . The seaward side of the fort was covered in a heavy iron armoured plating to protect it from sea borne attack . Access to the fort was via a wooden decked landing stage supported on cast iron piles . Other sea forts include Spitbank Fort , St Helens Fort and No Mans Land Fort . During the second world war extensive submarine defences were built in the form of large concrete blocks running about below sea level from the fort to the shore at Southsea . With only a single narrow gap to allow small craft to pass through , this barrier ( and a much shorter one running south from No Man ' s Land Fort towards Ryde Sands ) remains as the cost of demolition is deemed too high . In March 2012 , the fort was purchased by Clarenco ( owners of No Man ' s Land Fort and Spitbank Fort ) and is to be converted into a museum .
Regalianus P . C ( assius ? ) Regalianus ( died 260 ) was a Dacian general who turned against the Roman Empire and became himself emperor for a brief period , being murdered by the hands who raised him to power . Career . The main source of information is the unreliable " Historia Augusta " . Other sources are Eutropius , who calls him Trebellianus , and Aurelius Victor and the " Epitome " , which call him Regillianus . About his origin , the " Tyranni Triginta " says he was a Dacian , a kinsman of Decebalus . He probably was of senatorial rank , and had received military promotion from the Emperor Valerian . After the defeat and capture of Valerian in the east ( 260 ) , the border populations felt insecure , and elected their own emperors to guarantee they would have leaders against the foreign threats . The population and the army of the province of Pannonia had chosen Ingenuus , and elected him emperor , but the lawful emperor , Gallienus , had defeated the usurper . Gallienus had moved to Italia , however , to deal with an invasion of the Alamanni . The local population , facing the threat of the Sarmatian s , elected Regalianus emperor , who raised his wife , Sulpicia Dryantilla , who was of noble lineage , to the rank of " Augusta " to strengthen his position . Regalianus bravely fought thereafter against the Sarmatians . Short time after his victory , he was killed by a coalition of his own people and of the Roxolani . A few anecdotes survive about this man , in the brief biographical sketch of him given in the Book on Thirty Tyrants in the " Historia Augusta " : it is stated for example that he was raised to the throne because of his name ( Regalianus , " of a king " or " kingly " ) ; when his soldiers heard this jest they greeted Regalianus as their emperor .
Bernard SIMB AB 12 The Bernard SIMB AB 12 was a French single engine , single - seat monoplane fighter aircraft built in the 1920s . Though advanced for its time , it failed to gain a production order and only one was built . Design and development . Like the Bernard SIMB AB 10 , the AB 12 was an all metal , single seat , monoplane fighter with a low cantilever wing . It differed from the AB10 in having a radial engine , a more conventional undercarriage and four machine guns . The wing plans of both aircraft were similar , straight tapered with squared tips , though the AB 12 had a span greater . The empennage of both designs was also similar : the AB 12 had a tailplane with swept leading edges and separate elevators mounted on top of the fuselage and a wide chord , almost straight edged fin , though its rudder , moving between the elevators , ended on the upper fuselage line . The fuselage had an oval cross section with the open cockpit over the wing , a short , faired headrest behind it . The AB 12 was powered by a Gnome - Rhône 9Ab radial , a licence - built Bristol Jupiter . By the standards of the day this was quite well cowled - in for a radial but the cylinder heads protruded for cooling . The details of the gun mounting are not clear but images show at least one on the starboard side firing through a slot in the nose just above mid height , the opening extending between two cylinders . The undercarriage of the AB 12 was quite conventional and very different from that of the AB 10 . It had a pair of single mainwheels mounted on a single , faired axle , with V - form legs attached to the lower fuselage . The tricycle gear was completed by a tailskid . Overall , the AB 12 was 40 % more powerful but less aerodynamically clean and 7 % heavier than the AB 10 , so its maximum speed was only 6 % higher . Monoplanes in a biplane era , neither design received a production order and only one of each was built .
Petlyakov V . M . Petlyakov Design Bureau ( , " Opytnoe Konstructorskoe Byuro Petlyakova " was a Soviet OKB ( design bureau ) for military aircraft , headed by designer Vladimir Petlyakov . Following his death in 1942 , the bureau was controlled by Izakson , Putliov , and Myasishchyev before being dissolved in 1946 .
War pigeon Pigeons have long played an important role in war . Due to their homing ability , speed , and altitude , they were often used as military messengers . They ceased being used as of 1957 . Nineteenth century . In 1871 during the Franco - Prussian War , when Paris was surrounded by Prussia n troops , the French military used hot air balloon s to transport homing pigeon s past enemy lines . Microfilm images containing hundreds of messages allowed letters to be carried into Paris by pigeon from as far away as London . More than one million different messages travelled this way during the four - month siege . They were then discovered to be very useful so were used in World War One . World War I . Homing pigeons were used extensively during World War I . In 1914 during the First Battle of the Marne , the French army advanced 72 pigeon loft s with the troops . The US Army Signal Corps used 600 pigeons in France alone . One of their homing pigeon s , a Blue Check hen named Cher Ami , was awarded the French " Croix de Guerre with Palm " for heroic service delivering 12 important messages during the Battle of Verdun . On her final mission in October 1918 , she delivered a message despite having been shot through the breast or wing . The crucial message , found in the capsule hanging from a ligament of her shattered leg , saved about 200 US soldiers of the 77th Infantry Division ' s " Lost Battalion " . World War II and later . During World War II , the United Kingdom used about 250 , 000 homing pigeons . The Dickin Medal , the highest possible decoration for valor given to non - human animals , was awarded to 32 pigeons , including the United States Army Pigeon Service ' s G . I . Joe and the Irish pigeon Paddy . The UK maintained the Air Ministry Pigeon Section during World War II and for a while thereafter . A Pigeon Policy Committee made decisions about the uses of pigeons in military contexts . The head of the section , Lea Rayner , reported in 1945 that pigeons could be trained to deliver small explosives or bioweapon s to precise targets . The ideas were not taken up by the committee , and in 1948 the UK military stated that pigeons were of no further use . However , the UK security service MI5 was still concerned about the use of pigeons by enemy forces . Until 1950 , they arranged for 100 birds to be maintained by a civilian pigeon fancier in order to prepare countermeasure s . The Swiss army disbanded its Pigeon section in 1996 . Unconfirmed recent uses . In 2010 , Indian police expressed suspicion that a recently captured pigeon from Pakistan might have been carrying a message from Pakistan . Decorated war pigeons . In total , 34 pigeons were decorated with the Dickin Medal including :
Tom Kilcline Jr . VADM Thomas J . Kilcline Jr . USN ( Ret . ) ( born November 19 , 1951 ) was Commander , Naval Air Forces ( CNAF ) for the United States Navy from June 22 , 2007 to July 1 , 2010 . Biography . Vice Admiral Tom Kilcline , Jr . graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1973 with a BS in Operations Research . He was selected for naval aviation and upon receiving his commission was sent to NAS Pensacola for initial flight training . He earned his wings in 1975 . Following completion of replacement air group training at NAS Miramar , California , he was assigned to VF - 51 aboard the USS Franklin D . Roosevelt ( CV - 42 ) flying the F - 4 Phantom . Soon afterward , the squadron transitioned to the F - 14 Tomcat and moved aboard the USS Kitty Hawk ( CV 63 ) . Next he was selected for VF - 126 , where he flew as an adversary pilot . Two deployments followed with VF - 213 aboard USS Enterprise ( CVN 65 ) . His first command was of VF - 154 , stationed in NAS Atsugi , Japan aboard the USS Independence ( CV 62 ) . He later assumed command of Carrier Air Wing 14 aboard USS Abraham Lincoln ( CVN 72 ) . His most recent operational assignment was as Commander , Carrier Strike Group Two and Commander , USS Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group . He has flown over 5 , 600 hours in F - 4 , A - 4 , F - 5 , F - 14 and F - 18 aircraft , and has logged 63 combat missions . He has made 1 , 150 carrier aircraft arrested landings , making him a member of the 1000 trap " Grand Club " . Assignments to shore and staff billets include Fighter AEW Wing Pacific strike officer ; Joint Task Force Southwest Asia DJ3 ; Air Operations Officer to Commander 2nd Fleet ; Chief of Naval Operations Chair to the National War College ; executive assistant to Deputy , European Command ; and Chief of Staff for Commander , Naval Air Forces . VADM Kilcline earned an M . S . in Systems Management from the University of Southern California , graduating with distinction ; He received an M . A . in Strategic Studies and National Affairs from the U . S . Naval War College , and earned his M . S . in National Security Strategy while assigned to the National War College . VADM Kilcline ’ s first shore duty flag assignment was as Director , Naval Aviation Plans and Requirements ( N780 ) on the OPNAV Staff . Following his strike group command , he assumed duties as Director , Air Warfare Division ( N88 ) followed by his assignment as Director , Warfare Requirements and Integration / Senior National Representative ( N8F ) . He assumed the duties of Commander , Naval Air Forces on June 22 , 2007 . VADM Kilcline handed over command on July 1 , 2010 to VADM Myers , retiring shortly afterward .
Battle of Iconium ( 1190 ) The Battle of Iconium ( sometimes referred as the Battle of Konya ) took place on May 18 , 1190 during the Third Crusade , in the expedition of Frederick Barbarossa to the Holy Land . As a result , the capital city of the Sultanate of Rûm fell to the Imperial forces . Background . After the disastrous Battle of Hattin and the Siege of Jerusalem , much of the Crusader states had been seized by Saladin ' s forces . Pope Gregory VIII called for a new crusade to restore the city to Christian hands and help the remaining crusader strongholds . Barbarossa responded to the call immediately . He took up the Cross at Mainz Cathedral on March 27 , 1188 and was the first to set out for the Holy Land in May 1189 with an army of about 100 , 000 men , including 20 , 000 knights ( some historians thinks this numbers are exaggerated and propose 15 , 000 men , including 3 , 000 knights ) . He was also joined by a contingent of 2 , 000 men from the Hungarian prince Géza , the younger brother of the king , Béla III of Hungary . After passing through Hungary , Serbia , Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire , the forces arrived to Anatolia , held by the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm . The Turks continuously harassed the German forces , laying ambushes and using hit - and - run tactics . In addition , supplies were running out . Despite this , the crusaders continued their march until they reached Iconium . Frederick insisted on taking the city , so on May 17 the army camped in the " garden and pleasure ground of the sultan " , outside the city . Battle . On 18 May , the Imperial army encountered Qutb al - Din ' s army in a pitched battle . Barbarossa divided his forces into two : one commanded by his son Frederick leading the assault to the city , and the other commanded by himself facing the Turkish field army . The city fell easily , but the pitched battle was much more complicated , and it required the presence of the emperor to defeat the larger Turkish force . He ' s reported to have said to his soldiers : " But why do we tarry , of what are we afraid ? Christ reigns . Christ conquers . Christ commands " . Finally the Turkish army fled , leaving the city at the mercy of the German army . Aftermath . After the victory , the crusaders rested for five days in the city , and continued their march on 23 May , taking Turkish hostages to safeguard themselves . The success of the Imperial army greatly alarmed Saladin , who even dismantled the walls of the Syrian ports lest they were used by the crusaders against him . But this proved unnecessary as , on 16 June , Barbarossa drowned while crossing the Saleph river . Most of his army disbanded . Barbarossa ' s son , Frederick VI of Swabia , carried on with the remnants of the German army , along with the Hungarian army under the command of prince Géza , with the aim of burying the Emperor in Jerusalem , but efforts to conserve his body in vinegar failed . Hence , his flesh was interred in the Church of St Peter in Antioch , his bones in the cathedral of Tyre , and his heart and inner organs in Tarsus .
Battle of Brechin The Battle of Brechin was fought on 18 May 1452 during the reign of James II of Scotland , about two and a half miles north north east of Brechin . By some interpretations , it was part of an on - off civil war during his reign between the king and an alliance of powerful noble families led by the Black Douglases , which as the king won was significant in the development of a relatively strong centralised monarchy in Scotland during the Late Middle Ages . A royalist army formed by the Clan Gordon and Clan Ogilvy , led by Alexander Gordon , 1st Earl of Huntly , defeated the rebel Alexander Lindsay , 4th Earl of Crawford , a leading ally of the Black Douglases . Shortly after Crawford submitted to the king , leaving the Black Douglases more isolated , to be defeated at the Battle of Arkinholm in 1455 . However by other interpretations it was a localised conflict in the north - east of Scotland , of only limited relevance to wider conflicts in Scotland as a whole .
Atse Baeda Maryam Baeda Maryam was proclaimed " " ( 1787 – 1788 ) of Ethiopia in Tigray and Gojjam by " Dejazmach " Wolde Gabriel , the son of " Ras " Mikael Sehul , who was opposed to " Ras " Ali of Begemder . Joined by " Ras " Haile Yosadiq and " Dejazmach " Gebre Masqal , Wolde Gabriel met " Ras " Ali , the Emperor Tekle Giyorgis I , and their supporters in the Battle of Madab , where the allies were defeated ; " Dejazmach " Wolde Gabriel was killed in battle and Baeda Maryam was captured . However , " Atse " Baeda Maryam ' s followers would not surrender , and elevated Tekle Haymanot to replace him . He is sometimes given the title " Atse " , a less familiar Amharic word for " Emperor " , to distinguish him from the other Emperors of Ethiopia with the same name ; because he was not recognized as a legitimate ruler , he is not assigned a throne name .
Sir Theodore Brinckman , 2nd Baronet Sir Theodore Henry Brinckman , 2nd Baronet DL ( 12 September 1830 – 7 May 1905 ) was a British Liberal politician and soldier . He was the son of Sir Theodore Brinckman , 1st Baronet and his first wife Hon . Charlotte Godolphin Osborne , only daughter of Francis Osborne , 1st Baron Godolphin . In 1880 , he succeeded his father as baronet . Brinckman was educated at Eton and served then in the 17th Regiment of Foot . He fought in the Crimean War and reached the rank of captain . Brinckman was Deputy Lieutenant of Tower Hamlets and sat as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Canterbury from 1868 to 1874 . On 18 July 1861 , he married Lady Cecilia Augusta Conyngham , youngest daughter of Francis Conyngham , 2nd Marquess Conyngham at St George ' s , Hanover Square . They lived at St . Leonard ' s in Clewer near Windsor in Berkshire and had two sons . Brinckman was succeeded in the baronetcy by his older son Theodore .