naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Vought Model 1600 The Vought / General Dynamics Model 1600 series was a prototype fighter aircraft proposal designed for the United States Navy ' s Navy Air Combat Fighter ( NACF ) program . The Model 1600 was a navalized derivative of the General Dynamics F - 16 Fighting Falcon , but lost to the Northrop / McDonnell Douglas F / A - 18 Hornet . Development . Following the YF - 16 ' s victory over the Northrop YF - 17 for the U . S . Air Force ’ s ACF competition , General Dynamics decided a " navalized " variant could also best it in the Navy ’ s Navy Air Combat Fighter ( NACF ) program . Having no carrier aircraft experience , GD teamed up with Vought ( LTV Aerospace ) , which had designed the successful carrier - capable F - 8 Crusader and A - 7 Corsair II for the Navy ; if selected , Vought would have produced the carrier version of the F - 16 . LTV created three concepts for the navalized F - 16 . The main proposal was the Model 1600 , which was based on the Block 10 F - 16 . It featured structural strengthening , an arrestor hook , and a more robust undercarriage to accommodate the rigors of carrier launch and recovery operations . The Model 1600 employed the Pratt & Whitney F401 , but two other powerplant choices were also explored . The Model 1601 had an improved Pratt & Whitney F100 , while the Model 1602 used the General Electric F101 . The aircraft was to be armed with AIM - 7 Sparrow air - air missiles . Launch rails were to be added on the sides of the intakes for AIM - 9 Sidewinder missiles . However , the Navy preferred a twin - engine aircraft , among other reasons , and on 2 May 1975 it selected the Northrop - McDonnell Douglas YF - 17 - based Model 267 proposal , which became the F / A - 18 Hornet .
40th Air Refueling Squadron The 40th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 310th Strategic Aerospace Wing , stationed at Schilling AFB , Kansas . It was inactivated on 15 March 1963 . History . The unit was initially a World War II B - 17 Flying Fortress and B - 24 Liberator operational training unit ( OTU ) . Redesignated as a replacement training unit ( RTU ) in October 1943 . Inactivated in April 1944 when Second Air Force ended heavy bomber training . The squadron was reactivated in 1952 as a Strategic Air Command KC - 97 Stratotanker squadron , providing air refueling to USAF units . The squadron was inactivated in 1963 as part of the phaseout of the KC - 97 from SAC . On 19 Sep 1985 the 40th Air Refueling Squadron was consolidated with the 540th Bombardment Squadron , ( Heavy ) , a unit that was last active 1 Apr 1944 . This action was directed by Department of the Air Force Letter DAF / MPM 662q Attachment 2 ( Inactive Units ) , 19 Sep 1985 . The Consolidated Unit will retain the Designation of 40th Air Refueling Squadron , Heavy " .
James Wilson II ( New Hampshire ) James Wilson ( March 18 , 1797 - May 29 , 1881 ) was a U . S . Representative from New Hampshire , son of James Wilson ( 1766 - 1839 ) . Life . Born in Peterborough , New Hampshire , Wilson attended New Ipswich Academy and the academies at Atkinson and Exeter . He moved with his parents to Keene , New Hampshire , in 1815 , and graduated from Middlebury College in Vermont in 1820 . Wilson served as member of the New Hampshire State militia 1820 - 1840 and was successively promoted from captain to major general . A law student , he was admitted to the bar in 1823 and commenced practice in Keene . He served as member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives 1825 - 1837 , 1840 , and 1846 , and served as Speaker in 1828 . He was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor in 1835 and 1838 . He served as delegate to the Whig National Convention in 1840 and was Surveyor general of public lands in the Territories of Wisconsin and Iowa 1841 - 1845 . Wilson was elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty - first Congresses and served from March 4 , 1847 , to September 9 , 1850 , when he resigned . He served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office Department ( Thirtieth Congress ) . He was appointed one of the land claim commissioners for California in 1851 and served in this capacity until 1853 . He settled in San Francisco and remained there until 1867 , when he returned to Keene , New Hampshire . He was again a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1871 and 1872 . He died in Keene , May 29 , 1881 and was interred in Woodland Cemetery .
Kosmos 2282 Kosmos 2282 ( meaning " Cosmos 2282 " ) is a Russia n US - KMO missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1994 as part of the Russian Space Forces ' Oko programme . The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using infrared telescope s . Kosmos 2282 was launched from Site 81 / 23 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - K carrier rocket with a DM - 2 upper stage was used to perform the launch , which took place at 23 : 58 UTC on 6 July 1994 . The launch successfully placed the satellite into geostationary orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 1994 - 038A . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 23168 . This satellite only worked for 17 months before failing .
USS Kittaton ( YTM - 406 ) USS Kittaton ( YT - 406 / YTB - 406 / YTM - 406 ) was a Sassaba - class district harbor tug that served the U . S . Navy at the end of World War II . She served in the Pacific Ocean , often in the Japan and Philippine Islands area and was eventually struck from the Navy list at an unspecified date . Built in Brooklyn , New York . " Kittaton " ( YTB - 406 ) was laid down as " YT - 406 " ; re - classified " YTB - 406 " on 15 May 1944 ; launched 30 June 1944 , by Ira Bushey & Sons , Inc . , Brooklyn , New York ; and placed in service 19 January 1945 , Ens . T . J . Barfield in command . World War II - related service . Assigned to duty in the Pacific Ocean theatre of operations , " Kittaton " joined Task Force 16 at Pearl Harbor 21 May . Departing 2 days later , she steamed via Kwajalein and arrived Guam in June for towing operations out of Apra Harbor . Post - war service . " Kittaton " served at Guam and in the western Pacific until February 1947 when she was assigned to further duty with Service Force , Pacific Fleet . Reclassified " YTM - 406 " in February 1962 , " Kittaton " in 1967 remained on active service with the U . S . Pacific Fleet out of U . S . Naval Base Subic Bay , Philippine Islands . Deactivation . " Kittaton " was decommissioned and struck by the Navy at an undisclosed date . She was sold for scrapping on 23 April 1987 . Honors and awards . Qualified " Kittaton " personnel are eligible for the following :
Lochend Castle , Campbeltown Lochend Castle ( , Anglicised " Castle of the loch end " ) , was a castle located at Campbeltown , Argyll and Bute . The castle once stood at the top of Castlehill , Campbeltown and was once occupied by Clan MacDonald of Dunnyveg . The castle was rebuilt by Archibald Campbell , 7th Earl of Argyll , around 1609 . During the Wars of the Three Kingdoms , the castle appears to have been razed to the ground in 1647 . A church was built on the remains of the castle in 1778 .
Adjustable Ranging Telescope Developed and patented by James M . Leatherwood , the Adjustable Ranging Telescope ( ART ) system combines a rangefinding scale inside the telescopic sight ( scope ) with an adjustable cam built into the scope ' s mount that raises or lowers the rear of the sight to compensate for the trajectory of the bullet . The cam is preset for a specific cartridge ; i . e . the 7 . 62 mm NATO round . In use , the shooter first adjusts the magnification of the scope such that the ranging brackets subtend the target . Since the range cam is locked to the magnification ring , the range is automatically set and the drop of the shot is accounted for . This then allows the shooter to place the scope ' s aiming point directly on the target without having to hold over or under to compensate for the bullet ' s rise and fall . During the Vietnam War , the United States Army found that they desperately needed sniper s . They were losing troops to enemy snipers and had no capability of retaliating in kind . Their major problem was that the classic training of a sniper in range estimation , ballistics , compensation for weather or climate variables , and precision shooting is a lengthy process and they didn ' t have the time . About this time , Lieutenant Leatherwood , who already had the patents for his ART system , entered the Army and began working with U . S . Army Ordnance specialists . The combination of the Leatherwood ART with M14 National Match rifles to produce what became the M21 Sniper Rifle , allowed the Army to place competent snipers in the field with all line units . Modern " civilian " versions of this system are sold by Leatherwood Optics and a more detailed Manual of the scope and its mounting system are available there .
84th Expeditionary Air Support Operations Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 84th Expeditionary Air Support Operations Squadron ( 84 EASOS ) is a combat support unit located at an undisclosed location in the Middle East . The 84 EASOS provides Tactical Command and Control of air power assets to the Joint Forces Air Component Commander and Joint Forces Land Component Commander for combat operations .
Treaty of Tartu ( Russian – Estonian ) Tartu Peace Treaty ( , literally " Tartu peace " ) or Treaty of Tartu was a peace treaty between Estonia and Russian SFSR signed on February 2 , 1920 ending the Estonian War of Independence . The terms of the treaty stated that " " Russia unreservedly recognises " " the independence of Republic of Estonia " de jure " and renounced in perpetuity all rights to the territory of Estonia . Ratifications of the treaty were exchanged in Moscow on March 30 , 1920 . It was registered in " League of Nations Treaty Series " on July 12 , 1922 . Estonia before the treaty . Estonia had been a province of Imperial Russia since 1710 , and had been subject to some sort of foreign hegemony since the 13th century . With the outbreak of the World War I , the Russian Empire fell into revolution and civil war . As a part of this larger conflict , the Estonians declared independence from Russia and won their freedom during the Estonian War of Independence . As a symbol of Estonian independence , Yuryev / Dorpat was officially given back its Estonian name , Tartu . The new Communist Russian government acknowledged Estonia ' s freedom in the 1920 Treaty of Tartu . Treaty provisions . The treaty established the border between Estonia and Russia , affirmed the right of Estonian people to return to Estonia and Russian people to return to Russia and required that Estonian movable property evacuated to Russia in World War I be returned to Estonia . Russia also agreed to absolve all debt from Tsarist times and to pay Estonia 15 million gold rubles , a proportional share from gold reserves of former Russian Empire . Additionally Russia agreed to grant concessions to exploit one million hectares of Russian forest land and to build a railway line from the Estonian border to Moscow . In return , Estonia undertook to allow the RSFSR to build a free port at Tallinn or some other harbour and to erect a power station on the Narva River . Signatories . The treaty was signed by Jaan Poska on the Estonian side and Adolf Joffe for Soviet Russia , as well as by other representatives of both parties . Significance . The Tartu Peace Treaty has been regarded as the " birth certificate " of the Republic of Estonia because it was the very first de jure recognition of the state . The treaty was also of utmost importance to the diplomatically isolated Soviet Russia , with Lenin expressing satisfaction with the treaty as " " an incomparable victory over Western imperialism " " . Some members of the Entente opposed the treaty with the intention to keep Soviet Russia in international isolation . Aftermath . After signing , Soviet Russia did not fulfill several points of the treaty , e . g . the museological collections of the University of Tartu have not been returned to this day from Voronezh and the migration of Estonians was obstructed . Later Estonia was annexed by the U . S . S . R . following World War II .
Siege of Little Butte des Morts The Siege of Little Butte des Morts was a battle fought during the Fox Wars , in Wisconsin , and Michigan . The battle was fought at Little Lake Butte des Morts , in what is now Winnebago County , Wisconsin , in 1716 . At the time , the Fox had a massive stronghold at Butte Des Mortes , with possibly thousands of inhabitants . New France , knowing that Butte Des Morts was an important stronghold during the Fox Wars , laid siege to the fort . The French brought two pieces of cannon and a grenade mortar . The siege lasted three days , much longer than the French had anticipated . Butte des Morts was attacked by New France again in 1730 , led by Paul Marin de la Malgue .
Horia , Cloşca şi Crişan Division The Horia , Cloşca şi Crişan division was created in April 1945 from Romania n volunteers , mostly prisoners of war , but also Communist activists such as Valter Roman . It was created by the Soviet Union at Kotovsk . Its first leader was General Mihail Lascăr , who had been taken prisoner in November 1942 , during the Battle of Stalingrad . General Lascăr commanded the division from April 12 to September 12 , 1945 . The division did not see combat in World War II . Under the firm control of Romanian communists and backed by Red Army troops , the HCsC Division was a key instrument with which the Soviets established complete communist control of Romania after the war against the wishes of the regular Romanian Land Forces . By 1947 , the HCsC Division , along with its sister unit , the Tudor Vladimirescu Division , was motorised and partially equipped with tanks . In an army with practically no armour , this equipment gave the two divisions a significant advantage in mobility and firepower . In late 1945 the division was reported to have been part of the 4th Army . From 1954 the division ' s lineage appears to have been merged with that of the previous 1st Cavalry Division . The Independent Cavalry Division became the Inspectorate General of Cavalry in 1897 , Divizia I Cavalerie Independenta in 1913 , Brigada 1 Cavalerie in 1948 , Divizia 59 Cavalerie in 1953 , Divizia 91 Mecanizata " Horea , Closca si Crisan " in 1954 , 6th Mechanised Division " Horea , Closca si Crisan " in 1956 , Divizia 6 Tancuri " Horea , Closca si Crisan " in 1964 . In 1989 , as part of the Fourth Army , its composition was reported as : In 1994 it was transformed into the 6th Army Corps " Horea , Closca si Crisan " , and in 2000 into Brigada 6 Tancuri " Horea , Closca si Crisan " . Later the division appears to have become the 6th Tank Division and been based at Târgu Mureş . Sources . Third Axis Fourth Ally , Mark Axworthy , London : Arms and Armour , 1995 . ISBN 1 - 85409 - 267 - 7 . http : / / www . itcnet . ro / history / archive / mi1998 / current1 / mi22 . htm
Edward Thompson Dickson Edward Thompson Dickson ( 16 July 1850 – 23 August 1938 ) was a British Army general officer , who commanded two Territorial Force divisions before the First World War . He was born in St . Helier , Jersey , the son of Major - General E . J . Dickson and his wife Louisa Maria Dickson . After studying at Cheltenham College and the Royal Military College Sandhurst , he was commissioned into the 49th Regiment of Foot in 1869 . He married Helene Frances Harvey , eldest daughter of Colonel W . F . Harvey , in 1878 , and they had one daughter . In the Suakin Expedition of 1885 he saw action at the Battles of Suakin , Hasheen , Tofrek , and Ginnis , and was appointed brigade - major in the Sudan Field Force . He was later appointed to command the 1st Battalion Royal Berkshire Regiment from 1891 to 1895 , and the 49th Regimental District from 1897 to 1902 . In 1902 he was appointed to the staff in Barbados , and in 1905 promoted to the post of General Officer Commanding the forces in West Africa . In 1906 he returned to England as the Major - General responsible for administration in Eastern Command , a post he held until 1908 . That year , he was appointed the first General Officer Commanding of the newly formed West Lancashire Division in the Territorial Force , and in 1909 took command of the Home Counties Division . He remained in command of the division until 1912 , when he retired to Tunbridge Wells . References .
Eberhard Godt Eberhard Godt ( 15 August 1900 – 13 September 1995 ) was a German naval officer who served in both World War I and World War II , rising eventually to command the Kriegsmarine ' s U - boat operations . He joined the Kaiserliche Marine in 1918 and resigned after the ceasefire in November of that year . In March 1920 he reenlisted in the Reichsmarine and served aboard surface ships until 1935 when he transferred to the U - boat arm . In January 1938 he was appointed the second in command of the U - boat force ' s operations behind Karl Dönitz . He continued in this role until January 1943 when he assumed tactical command of U - Boat operations after Dönitz was promoted to command the Kriegsmarine . Following the war he wrote a history of Kriegsmarine operations in World War II as member of the Naval Historical Team .
Shitennō ( samurai ) Shitennō ( 四天王 ) , a Japanese term normally referring to the Buddhist Four Heavenly Kings , is also applied to particularly famous or loyal retainers , in groups of four , to certain of Japan ' s most famous legendary and historical figures . The following four are referred to in legend as the " Shitennō " of Minamoto no Yorimitsu ( also known as Raikō ) ( 948 - 1021 ) : Minamoto no Yoshitsune ( 1159 – 1189 ) was accompanied by the following four , his so - called " Shitennō " , who feature in the kabuki play " Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura " and other works :
Michał Kazimierz Pac Michał Kazimierz Pac ( , ; 1624 – 4 April 1682 in Wace near Vilna ) was a magnate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and a member of the Pac family . He was a son of Stefan Pac and a brother of Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac , the Chancellor of Lithuania . Michał Kazimierz Pac joined the army as a young man and steadily rose through its ranks . In 1663 , during the Second Northern War ( Deluge ) , when the territory of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth was occupied by Russian and Swedish soldiers , Pac was appointed as the Field Hetman of Lithuania and voivode of Smolensk . He was further promoted to Great Hetman in 1667 and voivode of Vilna in 1669 . Pac opposed election of Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki ( ruled 1669 – 1673 ) to the throne of the Commonwealth . In 1673 , Pac fought in the Battle of Khotyn against the Turks . After death of Wiśniowiecki , he opposed election of John III Sobieski ( ruled 1674 – 1696 ) . When it was discovered that Pac plotted with Austria and Brandenburg against Sobieski , he fell from public favor . Michał Kazimierz Pac funded the construction of St . Peter and St . Paul Church in Vilna , considered to be one of the best examples of Baroque architecture in Lithuania . Following his wishes , he was interred in the church vestibule and his grave was marked with a Latin inscription " Hic iacet pecator " ( English : " Here lies a sinner " ) .
No . 10 Squadron ( Finland ) No . 10 Squadron ( or ) was a divebomber squadron of the Finnish Air Force in World War II . The squadron was part of Flying Regiment 1 . Organization . Winter War . The equipment consisted of 13 Fokker C . X s . The No . 10 Squadron was disbanded after the Winter War and became the new No . 30 Squadron . However , it re - emerged for a couple of months in late 1941 . Continuation War . The equipment consisted of 3 Hawker Hurricane s , 4 Fokker C . V Es , 6 Fokker D . XXI s , and 2 Blackburn Ripon IIs .
General James Mollison James Alexander Mollison ( 1897 - 1970 ) was a Brigadier General of the United States Air Force during and immediately after World War II . Mollison was Chief of Staff of the Hawaiian Air Force , Hickam Field , Hawaii ( serving under the overall command of Lt . Gen . Walter C . Short ) at the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 . He became Chief of Staff of the Seventh Air Force in 1942 . In October 1944 , Mollison was sent to Europe and served as Commanding General Fifteenth Air Force , Bari , Italy and Commanding General of the Mediterranean Allied Air Forces ( MAAF ) from August 1945 . He was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal for " exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States , in a duty of great responsibility " on August 28 , 1945 .
USS Conquest ( AMc - 71 ) USS " Conquest " ( AMc - 71 ) was an " Accentor " - class coastal minesweeper acquired by the U . S . Navy for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing . World War II service . " Conquest " was placed in service 9 March 1942 and served the 10th Naval District in the Caribbean during the war . Post - war inactivation . She was transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 9 August 1946 .
HMS Flint Castle ( K383 ) HMS " Flint Castle " ( K383 ) was a Castle - class corvette of Britain ' s Royal Navy . She was named after Flint Castle in North East Wales . Built by Henry Robb at Leith , she was laid down on 20 April 1943 and launched on 1 September 1943 . Commissioned on 31 December 1944 she served with the Clyde Escort Force until November 1945 . She was then transferred to the Second Training Squadron at Portland where she remained until March 1956 . In 1953 she took part in the Fleet Review to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II . She was placed in reserve , at Devonport Dockyard , until she was scrapped at Faslane in July 1958 . She was used to portray a German anti - submarine vessel in the 1955 movie " The Cockleshell Heroes " .
Dean L . Ray Dean L . ( Lake ) Ray was a pilot in the US Army Air Forces . While performing at an airshow in Nicaragua , his airplane malfunctioned . Ray remained in his aircraft and directed it away from spectators , and died in the subsequent crash . He was declared a national hero , and the then - president of Nicaragua attended his funeral . His photo is featured on a Nicaraguan Stamp .
55th Corps ( German Empire ) The 55th Corps ( ) was a corps formation of the German Army in World War I . It was formed as a temporary Bernhardi Corps ( named for its commander ) on 6 June 1916 before being established on 1 October 1916 . It was still in existence at the end of the war . Chronicle . The 55th Corps ( z . b . V . ) was formed as a temporary Bernhardi Corps on 6 June 1916 , named for its commander General der Kavallerie Friedrich von Bernhardi . On 1 October 1916 , Bernhardi Corps was established as 55th Corps . With the onset of trench warfare , the German Army recognised that it was no longer possible to maintain the traditional Corps unit , that is , one made up of two divisions . Whereas at some times ( and in some places ) a Corps of two divisions was sufficient , at other times 5 or 6 divisions were necessary . Therefore , under the Hindenburg regime ( from summer 1916 ) , new Corps headquarters were created without organic divisions . These new Corps were designated " General Commands for Special Use " ( ) . Bernhardi Corps was formed hastily in the summer of 1916 on the Austro - Hungarian front in the Volhynia region as a multi - national force defending against the Brusilov Offensive . German and Austrian troops were able to fend off the Russians in the area of the Styr and Stochid rivers . After two years on the Eastern Front , the Corps was transferred to the Western Front in February 1918 where was engaged at Armentières . By the end of the war , the Corps still serving on the Western Front as part of 6th Army , " Heeresgruppe " " Kronprinz " Rupprecht with the following composition : Commanders . The 55th Corps was commanded by General der Kavallerie Friedrich von Bernhardi throughout its existence .