naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
The Cologne Post The Cologne Post was a daily paper published for the British Armed Forces from 31 March 1919 to 17 January 1926 . It then continued as " The Cologne Post and Wiesbaden Times " from 28 January 1926 - 3 November 1929 . There was also an Upper Silesian edition published from 17 June to 6 August 1921 in Oppeln for the British Forces in Upper Silesia . William Edward Rolston was the founder and managing editor of the Cologne Post . Rolston was a Captain serving in the The Buffs ( East Kent Regiment ) The newspaper was printed in Cologne by Kolnische Volkszeitung . On 1 August 1923 in a written reply to a question to the Under - Secretary of State for War , Lieut . - Colonel Guinness stated that " . . . the Cologne Post . . . is an independent organisation not financed from Army funds " Army Post Office S40 was established in Cologne , Germany in 1919 to provide postal support of the first British Army of the Rhine ( BAOR ) and was closed in 1929 when the force was finally withdrawn from Germany .
Chatter ( signals intelligence ) Chatter is a signals intelligence term , referring to the volume ( quantity ) of intercepted communications . Intelligence officials , not having better metrics , monitor the volume of communication , to or from suspected parties such as terrorists or spies , to determine whether there is cause for alarm . They refer to the electronic communication as " chatter " . Monitoring chatter is an example of traffic analysis , a sub - field of signals intelligence . Intelligence specialists hope to learn significant information by methodically monitoring when and with whom suspects communicate . Even if they cannot decrypt what suspects are saying to one another , a change of traffic may raise alarm , since a large increase may indicate increased preparation for action , while a sudden decrease may indicate the end of planning and the imminence of action . These considerations do not apply when the targets of analysis follow the military practice of maintaining a steady flow of encrypted communications whether they are needed or not . Some events , including the capture of the " Algerian Six " , were triggered largely by an increase in " chatter " .
USS Wabash ( ID - 1824 ) USS " Wabash " ( ID - 1824 ) was a German cargo ship , impounded in the neutral United States when World War I commenced . Once the United States entered the war , the ship was confiscated and turned over to the U . S . Navy for wartime use as USS " Wabash " . Commercial career and internment . SS " Wartburg " was a single - screw , steel - hulled freighter completed in 1900 at Newcastle upon Tyne , England , by Wigham Richardson and Co . , Ltd . , for service with the Deutsche Dampfschiffahrts - Gesellschaft " Hansa " . Prior to World War I she was operated commercially by the Norddeutscher Lloyd line under the German flag , with her name being changed to " Tübingen " in 1906 - 1907 . When the outbreak of World War I in August 1914 made the high seas unsafe for German shipping , she took refuge in an American port and was interned , as the United States at that time was still a neutral nation . Seized in America . When the United States was drawn into the war on the side opposed to Germany , America lost its neutrality and seized the " Tübingen " . In April 1917 , the cargo ship was taken over by the United States Shipping Board ( USSB ) . Renamed " Seneca " , she was part of the U . S . merchant marine until February 1918 , when she was acquired by the Navy and placed in commission as USS " Wabash " ( ID # 1824 ) . She was acquired by the U . S . Navy on 9 February 1918 , at Hoboken , New Jersey , for use with the Naval Overseas Transportation Service . The cargo ship was renamed " Wabash " , designated Id . No . 1824 , and commissioned on the same day with Lt . Comdr . Frank C . Seeley , USNRF , in command . World War I service . " Wabash " departed New York City on 28 February , bound for France . After delivering her cargo of construction iron and ammunition at Pauillac , she returned to the United States on 22 April . She made four more voyages to St . Nazaire , France , and returned to New York City from her last run on 6 April 1919 . During her second such trip , while in convoy on the foggy night of 22 May 1918 , " Wabash " collided with the U . S . Navy patrol vessel , sinking her . During the rest of the First World War , and in the months following the 11 November 1918 Armistice , she completed three more round - trip Atlantic Ocean crossings Decommissioning . Decommissioned on 21 April 1919 , the freighter was returned to the U . S . Shipping Board . The ship subsequently home - ported at New York City and operated under the flag of the North Atlantic and Western Steamship Company , until some time in 1924 or 1925 . She was then transferred to Italian registry .
66th Rescue Squadron The 66th Rescue Squadron ( 66 RQS ) is stationed at Nellis Air Force Base , Nevada , where it operates HH - 60 Pave Hawk aircraft conducting search and rescue and combat search and rescue missions . It is geographically separated unit ( GSU ) of the 563rd Rescue Group ( 563 RQG ) at Davis - Monthan Air Force Base , Arizona , which in turn is a GSU of the 23d Wing ( 23 WG ) at Moody Air Force Base , Georgia . History . The 66th flew search and rescue , aeromedical evacuation , disaster relief from , 1952 – 1958 and since 1991 . The squadron deployed to Southwest Asia to ensure Iraq ’ s compliance with United Nations treaty terms from , January – July 1993 . The squadron has been plagued by aviation accidents in recent years . An investigation of 1998 crash that killed a dozen airmen called the unit stressed out by constant combat deployments without adequate rest . The unit was in Afghanistan in the summer of 2010 . Media reported 4 aircrew deaths in June when a Pave Hawk helicopter was shot down during a rescue mission on June 9 . Flight engineer David Smith was lost on impact . On July 2 a fifth death was added to the list of four when Captain David Wisniewski died from injuries received in the 9 June crash . Captain Wisniewski is credited with saving more than 240 soldiers during his seven tours of duty in Iraq and Afghanistan , 40 of which were saved in his final rescue mission in June . The only two survivors Captain Anthony Simone and Master Sergeant Christopher Aguilera are still in recovery as of 25 Sept . 2010 .
Li Chengliang Li Chengliang ( ) ( 1526 - 1618 ) was a Chinese general of Korean descent in the reign of the Wanli Emperor during the Ming Dynasty who was in charge of maintaining peace and relations with the Jurchen tribes . He was from Tielin and was from a military family . He never had a very prosperous childhood and early life , so he was age 40 before he received an official appointment . He slowly rose up the ranks to eventually become Liaodong Regional Commander ( Chinese : 遼東總兵 ) with the backing of the Chief Grand Secretary Zhang Juzheng . Li Chengliang was twice appointed Liaodong Regional Commander . The first commission lasted 22 years , the second 8 years . Military career against the Mongols . During the Longqing era , the Tuman Mongols migrated east and often harassed the Liaotung region . These Mongols are very powerful . Their forces totalled several hundred thousand strong . the situation was very serious . this was Li Chengliang ' s first tenure as Liaodong Regional General scored five major victories against the Tuman Mongols . In the battle , Li was in command of Giocangga and Taksi ' s forces , and Li had also intended to side with the Jurchen chieftain Nikan Wailan ( Chinese : 尼堪外蘭 ) . When Giocangga and Taksi ( Chinese : 塔克世 ) abandoned Li to side with chieftain Atai who was their relative , Li thought they had mutinied and so left them behind in the midst of battle . When Atai was later defeated by Nikan Wailan , both Giocangga and Taksi were killed by Nikan Wailan in the aftermath . The Ming policy on the Jurchen tribes during that period was to side with different tribes during each conflict to maintain a balance and not allow one tribe to dominate and eventually unite the Jurchen tribes . Spurred by the actions of Li , Nurhaci was eventually able to unite all the Jurchen tribes , creating the Manchu . Nurhaci then blamed Li Chengliang for the death of his father , which formed part of the Seven Grievances . Of his nine sons , five Li Rusong , Li Ruzhen , Li Rubai , Li Ruzhang and Li Rumei would rise to become full generals ( Chinese : 總兵 ) and four Li Ruzi , Li Ruwu , Li Rugui , and Li Runan would become accompanying generals ( Chinese : 參將 ) for the Ming Dynasty .
Samos - F SAMOS - F or Air Force Program 102 refers to a series of SIGINT reconnaissance satellite s launched and operated by the United States Air Force and National Reconnaissance Office during the 1960s . Initial priorities ( in decreasing order ) were to monitor Radar signals in the frequency bands 2 . 5 - 3 . 2 GHz ( S - band ) , 9 . 0 – 10 GHz ( X - band ) , and 59 - 650 MHz . The intercepted data and their location were stored on magnetic tape , and subsequenctly transmitted to tracking and acquisition ground stations . Tracking stations were located in the NE ( New Boston , NH ) , Central ( Ottumwa , IA ) , and NW ( Ft . Stevens , OR ) of the continental United States , with additional test sites at Vandenberg AFB , CA , and at Ka ' ena Pt . , Oahu , HI . The satellites are also called Agena ferrets and heavy ferrets . Approximately sixteen heavy ferrets were launched into low Earth orbits from Vandenberg Air Force Base between February 1962 and July 1971 aboard Thor - Agena and Thorad - Agena rockets . Almost everything about these satellites remains classified .
Thomas West , 8th Baron De La Warr Thomas West , 8th Baron De La Warr and 5th Baron West , KB , KG ( c . 1457 – 11 October 1525 ) was a courtier and military commander during the reigns of Henry VII and Henry VIII . Career . Thomas West was the eldest son of Richard West , 7th Baron De La Warr ( 28 October 1430 – 10 March 1476 ) , and Katherine Hungerford ( d . 12 May 1493 ) , daughter of Robert Hungerford , 2nd Baron Hungerford of Heytesbury , Wiltshire , by Margaret Botreaux , daughter of William de Botreaux , 3rd Baron Botreaux , of Boscastle , Cornwall . West served in an expedition to France in 1475 . He was said to be aged 19 or more at his father ' s death on 10 March 1476 , and was granted special livery of his lands on 1 September of that year . He was knighted by Henry VII on 18 January 1478 , and on 4 March 1486 was granted lands in Sussex after the attainder of the Duke of Norfolk . In 1487 he was granted an annuity of £20 by Peter Courtenay , Bishop of Winchester . In 1489 he was made a Knight of the Bath at the creation of Henry VII ' s eldest son , Arthur Tudor , as Prince of Wales . He was one of the ' chief commanders ' of an English force sent to Flanders in 1491 to assist the Emperor Maximilian against the French , and in 1496 was the ' chief commander ' of forces raised to suppress the Cornish Rebellion , commanding a retinue at the Battle of Deptford Bridge . He was installed as a Knight of the Garter on 11 May 1510 . He participated in the sieges of Therouanne and Tournai in 1513 , and was made a knight banneret after the French defeat at the Battle of the Spurs on 18 August 1513 . He attended Mary Tudor at her marriage to Louis XII of France in 1514 , and attended Henry VIII at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520 . In 1524 he was appointed High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex . West died 11 October 1525 , and was buried at St . Mary ' s Church , Broadwater , Sussex . He left a will dated 8 October 1524 , proved 12 February 1526 . The will of his widow , Eleanor ( née Copley ) , dated 10 May 1536 , was proved on 14 November of that year . She was buried with him at Broadwater . Marriages and issue . West married firstly Eleanor Percy ( b . 1455 ) , daughter of Henry Percy , 3rd Earl of Northumberland , and Eleanor Poynings , daughter and heiress of Sir Richard Poynings ( d . 10 June 1429 ) , by whom he had no issue . He married secondly , before 1482 , Elizabeth Mortimer ( d . 29 June 1502 ) , the daughter of Sir Hugh Mortimer of Martley and Kyre Ward , Worcestershire , by Eleanor Cornwall , daughter of Sir Edmund Cornwall , by whom he had five sons and six daughters : He married thirdly Eleanor Copley ( c . 1476 - 1536 ) , daughter of Roger Copley , esquire , of London and Roughey in Horsham , Sussex , by Anne Hoo , second daughter and co - heiress of Thomas Hoo , Baron Hoo and Hastings , by whom he had three sons and four daughters :
201st Field Artillery Regiment ( United States ) The 201st Field Artillery Regiment ( " First West Virginia " ) is the United States ' oldest active National Guard unit , and oldest continually serving unit in the United States Army . Based in Fairmont , West Virginia , it was first activated in 1735 . It currently perpetuates the Virginia elements of the Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment of the American Revolution . Activities . In December 1990 , the unit was called to serve in Operation Desert Storm . The unit was activated for 180 days unless sooner released or later extended . The 201st left Fairmont and went to Fort Campbell , Kentucky for training . It joined XVIII Corps Artillery , 18th Field Artillery Brigade . On the exact 256th anniversary of its founding , the unit fired 256 rounds downrange at Iraqi forces . David Tucker was a chaplain ' s assistant of the unit at the time and noted this in a letter to The Fairmont Times . The units of the 201st returned to their home base in May , 1991 . The unit did not lose a single man during the war . In December 2003 , the 201st was again called to active duty for Operation Iraqi Freedom . The soldiers trained at Fort Drum , New York in January and February , 2004 before going overseas . While in theater , the battalion was subordinated to the 197th Fires Brigade of the New Hampshire National Guard and commanded by Colonel James Guise . The 197th reported directly to III Corps Artillery , under the command of Brigadier General Richard Formica . The unit spent one year in Iraq before returning home in February 2005 . The Battalion Headquarters ( HHB ) operated out of Camp Cedar II and Tallil Airbase , both of which are approximately west of An Nasiriyah in the Dhi Qar province of Iraq . B Battery and Service Battery were co - located with the HHB . A Battery operated out of Convoy Support Center ( CSC ) Scania and C Battery operated out of CSC Navistar in Kuwait . The Battalion ' s mission was convoy security and route clearanace for Main Supply Route ( MSR ) Tampa , the primary route for supplies in Iraq at the time . C Battery would later move north to Camp Cedar II and Tallil Airbase and continue convoy security . Some members of C Battery were also attached to the 1st Cav Division in Jan 2005 to provide extra security in Baghdad ( they were stationed in the Hotel District : the Baghdad , Palastine and Sheraton Hotels across the river from the Green Zone ) for the first elections while the rest of the unit and battalion trained their replacements . Coat of arms . Blazon : Symbolism : Background : The coat of arms was originally approved for the 201st Infantry Regiment on 21 November 1929 . It was redesignated for the 201st Armored Field Artillery Battalion on 20 July 1953 . It was redesignated for the 201st Artillery Regiment on 18 July 1960 . The insignia was redesignated for the 201st Field Artillery Regiment on 19 July 1972 .
London Counties cricket team London Counties was a representative cricket side that was formed during the Second World War by Charles Jones . Upon the outbreak of the Second World War , the government issued an order " closing all places of entertainment and outdoor sports meetings " . However , this was soon rescinded and there was instead an emphasis placed on " business as usual " through the war . Sports began to resume once more with a limited schedule . The County Championship was cancelled , but county sides put out teams to play against each other and against representative sides . Charles Jones formed London Counties , a side that played their games at Lord ' s Cricket Ground , and other locations around London . London Counties played its first recorded game , a two day match against Northamptonshire XI on 18 May 1940 , winning by 128 runs . They relied primarily on established southern professionals , and gained a reputation for being a team of " hitters and known fast scorers " . During the war years , London Counties formed a friendly rivalry with a British Empire XI , a similarly set up representative side . Both of these sides did a lot of work for war charities . See also : 1940 to 1944 English cricket seasons
USS Meriwether ( APA - 203 ) USS " Meriwether " ( APA - 203 ) was a that saw service with the US Army in World War II . " Meriwether " was laid down 27 July 1944 by Kaiser Shipbuilding of Vancouver , Washington , launched 18 October 1944 and commissioned 4 November 1944 , Capt . Angus M . Cohan in command . Operational history . World War II . After a month of amphibious training off the California coast , " Meriwether " departed San Diego 8 January 1945 with Marine Corps replacements for Hawaii . Arriving on the 14th , she discharged her passengers and underwent further training in preparation for the Okinawa campaign . Invasion of Okinawa . On 19 February , the attack transport began loading troops and equipment of the 10th Army and , on the 22d , sailed westward . Steaming via Eniwetok , Ulithi , Palau , and Leyte , she arrived off Okinawa early 1 April . After landing troops and equipment amidst frequent kamikaze attacks , one of which she helped splash on the 3rd , she departed for Saipan 15 April with wounded . Discharging the casualties there on the 18th , she continued on to Pearl Harbor and San Francisco where she embarked Navy support personnel and got underway to return to Okinawa 6 June . She arrived 24 July , discharged her passengers and cargo , but due to air raid alerts and a typhoon , did not depart until 6 August . After hostilities . At Guam on the 14th , she received word of the Japanese surrender and began loading cargo and troops of the 6th Marine Division for the initial occupation of the Tokyo Bay area . Landing them there on the 30th , she sailed for Saipan where she again loaded occupation forces , this time for Nagasaki . On 15 October , " Meriiwether " was detached from occupation support duties and assigned to Operation Magic Carpet , returning servicemen to the United States . She continued such runs until the end of the year , when she joined the 19th Fleet . Decommissioning . " Meriwether " was struck from the Navy Vessel Register along with at least 20 of her " Haskell " class sister ships on 1 October 1959 , and transferred to the Maritime Administration . As a unit of the National Defense Reserve Fleet , she was berthed at Suisun Bay into 1969 . She was later scrapped . Decorations . " Meriwether " received one battle star for World War II service .
Gerhard Bauer Gerhard Bauer ( 26 August 1916 – 17 April 1945 ) was a highly decorated Leutnant in the Luftwaffe during World War II , and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Gerhard Bauer was killed on 17 April 1945 over Kamenz after being attacked by American P - 51 fighters . Bauer and August Lambert were two of the six German pilots killed in this engagement .
French ship Duguay - Trouin Ten vessels of the French Navy have been named Duguay - Trouin in honour of René Duguay - Trouin ; among them : Many French privateer s and letters of marque also bore the name . In British records the name is sometimes given as " Du Guay Trouin " , " Dugai Trouin " or " Drigai Trouin " .
Verkhnaya Zaimka Verkhnaya Zaimka is an air base in Russia located 34 km east of Nizhneangarsk . It is in a forested area ; a perimeter circles the airfield , suggesting it may have had minor military use but not beyond the 1950s , when military facilities were being built to high standards .
Sora 122mm Self - propelled howitzer 122mm SORA is intended for general fire support of brigade level units . It has been designed to fulfill requirements of the modern battlefield , which means that shoot - and - scoot principle is adopted as the main mode of operation . Sora belongs to TMG - Truck Mounted Gun category of weapons . Self - propelled howitzer SORA features whole upper part of 122mm howitzer D - 30J mounted on the rear end of modified FAP 2026 BS / AV truck chassis . Main functions of the weapon system , such as navigation , gun lying , automatic loading of ammunition and deployment , are fully automatic . Development . The project , which began in 2004 , is being undertaken in three phases by the Serbian military technical institute VTI ( Vojnotehnicki Institut ) , responding to requirements set out by the Serbian Ministry of Defence ' s Planning and Development Directorate . Fase1 . During the first phase the VTI designers undertook studies and embarked on the construction of a functional model of the weapon . After its March roll - out , it underwent a series of initial firing trials , involving about 18 rounds , the first three of which were conducted with reduced charges and the remainder with full charges . In Phase 1 the ammunition is to be loaded by hand . Improvements were subsequently made to the stabilisation system , whose forward - facing stabilisers proved unable to adequately absorb the recoil forces during firing . Another goal was to demonstrate loading of the weapon at all elevation angles , and this was successfully achieved , according to VTI . Fase2 . Automation of most systems including : semi - automatic loader , electro - hydraulic system for barrel , automatic sight automatic deployment . Introducing navigation system and modern fire system . New prototype is made based on development in fase 2 with different cabin and systems armed with 12 , 7mm RCWS as Secondary armament . Fase3 . Introducing full automatic loader . Possibilities to make other versions and use other guns like 105 mm with 45 calibers barrel .
ABCD line The was a Japanese name for a series of embargoes against Japan by Western nations , including America , Britain , China , and the Dutch . It was also known as the . In 1940 , in an effort to discourage Japanese militarism , these Western powers and others stopped selling iron ore , steel and oil to Japan , denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in China and French Indochina . In Japan , the government and nationalists viewed these embargoes as acts of aggression ; imported oil made up about 80 % of domestic consumption , without which Japan ' s economy , let alone its military , would grind to a halt . The Japanese media , influenced by military propagandists , began to refer to the embargoes as the " ABCD ( " American - British - Chinese - Dutch " ) encirclement " or " ABCD line " . Faced with a choice between economic collapse and withdrawal from its recent conquests ( with its attendant loss of face ) , the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters began planning for a war with the Western powers in April or May 1941 .