naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
VF - 302 Fighter Squadron 302 ( VF - 302 ) was an aviation unit of the United States Naval Reserve in service from 1971 to 1994 . The squadron ' s nickname was " Stallions " . History . VF - 302 was activated on 21 May 1971 and assigned to Reserve Carrier Air Wing 30 ( CVWR - 30 ) ( tail code " ND " ) at Naval Air Station Miramar , California ( USA ) . From its inception until November 1973 they operated the Vought F - 8L " Crusader " , at this point trading in their Crusaders for McDonnell Douglas F - 4B " Phantom II " s . Like their sister squadron VF - 301 , VF - 302 ' s time with the B model was short , the squadron moved to the F - 4N in January 1975 . During their time with the F - 4N , VF - 302 won the USNR Battle ' E ' , signifying them as the best fighter squadron in the Naval Reserve . In 1981 they transitioned to the F - 4S . VF - 302 was based at NAS Miramar , near San Diego , California at hangar number 5 . Due to its location near the fuel pits , VF - 302 operated the transient flight line along with their own flight line . Hangar 5 was the smallest facility on NAS Miramar but managed to accommodate two other squadrons , her sister squadron VF - 301 and VAW - 88 , which flew the Grumman E - 2C " Hawkeye " in the 1980s . After four years operating the last F - 4 variant , VF - 302 began to receive the Grumman F - 14A " Tomcat " in February 1985 . VF - 302 and VF - 301 deployed onto the USS Ranger ( CVA - 61 ) in January 1986 , performing their first carrier qualifications in the F - 14 . Two years later the squadron got more carrier experience by spending 12 days on board the USS Enterprise ( CVN - 65 ) between 10 and 22 August 1988 . 1986 had seen VF - 302 pick up the TARPS mission , the first reserve squadron to do so . In 1986 , only eight months after receiving their first TARPS pod , and then again in 1988 they had the chance to practice these skills as part of the biennial , World Reconnaissance Air Meet ( RAM ) at Bergstrom AFB in Texas , both times achieving first place victories among all participating USN / USMC squadrons . As well as other TARPS equipped F - 14 units the meet allowed VF - 302 crews to meet Air Force reconnaissance crews , to train together . After the end of the Cold War CVWR - 30 and VF - 302 were disestablished on 11 September 1994 .
George Salisbury ( governor ) George Robert Salisbury was a United States Navy Commodore who served as the 15th Naval Governor of Guam . Though he originally served as an Engineering Duty Officer , he eventually stopped being a Restricted Line Officer , and retired from the Navy as a Commodore . As governor , he rolled back a number of educational reforms and encouraged a new ranch system . He also took drastic measures to control the leprosy epidemic on the island , removing the infected to Philippines . He was briefly called into service during World War I before retiring . Life and naval career . Salisbury married once to Adele Trowbridge , who he divorced on December 6 , 1913 in an uncontested court decision with no alimony . Salisbury was appointed to the United States Naval Academy from Missouri in 1874 , graduating on June 10 , 1879 . He served as an Engineering Duty Officer from 1881 to 1892 , during this time , he served as a naval engineer aboard the USS " Chicago " in 1889 . He participated in the Spanish – American War aboard a battleship . On March 3 , 1899 , his ranked was changed to lieutenant . From 1899 to 1902 , he served aboard the USS " Massachusetts " . He achieved the rank of lieutenant commander in 1902 . He attempted to retire , but was called back to service in the Reserve Naval Fleet during World War I . He was placed in charge of overseeing minesweeper production in Buffalo , New York . He ultimately retired with the title of Commodore . Governorship . Salisbury was Governor of Guam from January 21 , 1911 to January 30 , 1912 . He rolled back some education reforms of Governor Edward John Dorn , and once again allowed residents who lived more than two hours from a public school to forgo attendance if they desired . He also changed the age of compulsory schooling to those between the ages of six and twelve . Salisbury soon found himself , like the governors before him , unable to control the spread of leprosy through Guam . Taking drastic measures , he began removing the infected from the island , quarantining them in the Philippines . He encouraged the native Chamorro population to increasingly live on ranches , raise livestock , and farm .
Quintus Ligarius Quintus Ligarius was a Roman soldier , c . 50 BC . He was accused of treason for having opposed Julius Caesar in a war in Africa , but was defended so eloquently by Cicero that he was pardoned and allowed to return to Rome . He later conspired with Brutus in the assassination of Julius Caesar . Quintus Ligarius was spared by Caesar during the civil war even though he was not allowed back into Italy . Ligarius remained devoted to the Pompeians but was depressed since he was exiled . Ligarius was aggravated when Caesar defeated Gnaius in Africa and became infuriated when Caesar spoke of him as a villain and enemy to Cicero . In order to forgive the Ligarius family , Caesar allowed Ligarius into Rome . Plutarch writes that he did not forgive Caesar for pardoning him . This hatred and his friendship with other Liberators caused him to join the assassination In Shakespeare . Ligarius is a character in William Shakespeare ' s tragedy " Julius Caesar " . He is depicted as a sickly man , though strong in mind , with a grudge against Caesar for reprimanding him for admiring Pompey .
Pontius de Cruce Pontius de Cruce was a Master of the Templars . Andrew II of Hungary was extremely favorably disposed towards the Templars . During his participation in the Fifth Crusade he appointed Pontius de Cruce , Master of the Order in the Hungarian Kingdom , as a regent in Croatia and Dalmatia .
1st Brigade ( Ireland ) The 1st Brigade ( known as 1st ( Southern ) Brigade until the 2012 reorganisation of the army ) is a brigade of the Irish Army . Its headquarters are in Cork . The 1st Brigade is responsible for military operations in the south of Ireland . Its area of responsibility includes the counties of Galway , Offaly , Laois , Carlow , Kilkenny , Wexford , Waterford , Cork , Kerry , Limerick and Tipperary . It is also responsible for the security of a number of important installations including Cork harbour , Cork Airport , Shannon Airport and Farranfore Airport .
Frano Getaldić - Gundulić Baron Frano Getaldić - Gundulić or Francesco Ghetaldi - Gondola ( August 8 , 1833 - July 3 , 1899 ) was the first son of Šišmundo Getaldić - Gundulić and Malvina Uršula Bosdari . Getaldić - Gundulić was a member of the Knights of St . John from 1889 until the death of the Mayor of Dubrovnik . He was decorated with the Cross of Devotion ( S . M . O ) on June 15 , 1857 . He fought in the Franco - Prussian War ( 1870 – 1871 ) . Getaldić - Gundulić founded the Philatelic Society in Dubrovnik on December 4 , 1890 . For other side Baron Gondola , an improving landlord and horticulturist of Lapad , introduced some years ago brussels sprouts , blue cabbage , and other vegetables , later Baron Gondola founded an Agronomy school in Lapad , Gruž . The Baron Gondola , was carried along with the International Committee composed for the English ladies Miss Adeline Pauline Irby ( * 1831 + 1911 Sarajevo ) and Miss Priscilla Johnston ( + 1912 England ) under M . Wesselitsky , for Herzegovin refugees peoples , the Baron Gondola wrote to the Times magazine , asking for further help for the refugees , his letter appeared on 12 April 1875 . More than 150 , 000 people took refuge in Austro - Hungary in 1875 due to the Herzegovinian rebellion . In 1889 , the Serbian political circle in Dubrovnik supported Baron Frano Getaldić - Gundulić , the candidate of the Autonomist Party ( Dalmatians who were pro - Italian ) , in the 1890 election to the Parliament of Dalmatia , against the candidate of the People ' s Party ( Dalmatians who were pro - Croatian ) . In the following year during the election of the local government , the Autonomous Party with the Serbian Party won the municipal election in Dubrovnik . Frano Gondola was re - elected as the municipal chief in 1894 after a tumultuous election . He was affiliated with the Serb Catholic movement in 19th - century Dubrovnik , but he himself wrote that he " " wasn ' t Croatian , Serbian or Italian in his ethnic affiliation , rather a Ragusan ( " Raguseo " ) " " . In 1893 , he opened the monument for Ivan Gundulić in Gundulić Square during the politically controversial unveiling of the Gundulić monument . Unmarried , he died in Dubrovnik in 1899 . Frano lived with his sister Maria in the Vila Gundulić . He was buried in the St . Mihajlo family cemetery in Lapad ( in the Gruž district ) .
Goyang Geumjeong Cave Massacre The Goyang Geumjeong Cave Massacre ( Hanja : 高陽衿井窟民間人虐殺 " Goyang Geunjeong Cave civilian massacre " ) was a massacre conducted by the police officers of Goyang Police Station of the South Korean Police under the commanding of head of Goyang police station between 9 October 1950 and 31 October 1950 of 150 or over 153 unarmed citizens in Goyang , Gyeonggi - do district of South Korea . After the victory of the Second Battle of Seoul , South Korean police arrested and killed people and their families who they suspected had been sympathizers during North Korean rule . During the massacre , South Korean Police conducted Namyangju Massacre in Namyangju near Goyang . In 1995 , the 153 victims bodies were excavated by their families . In June 2006 , the Truth and Reconciliation Commission demanded that the South Korean government apologize and erect a monument for the victims . However , the government did not show intentions to follow through on the TRCK recommendation . In 2007 , Truth and Reconciliation Commission again demanded that the government apologize , provide compensation , and erect a memorial for the victims , however , they still refused . This act was known as the Banning ' s Act , however , the government continued to ignore the TRCK recommendation . Truth and Reconciliation Commission also clarified most of the victims had no relation to rebels , and the victims included 8 teenagers and 7 women . On November 28 , 2011 , the Seoul central court ordered the South Korean government to apologize , pay reparations , and found a memorial to the victims ' families .
Walter Merton Air Chief Marshal Sir Walter Hugh Merton GBE , KCB , RAF ( 29 August 1905 - 23 March 1986 ) was a senior Royal Air Force commander during World War II . After the War he held several senior RAF appointments before his retirement in 1963 . RAF career . Born a Canadian , Merton joined the Royal Air Force as a cadet in 1924 . He was appointed Officer Commanding No . 38 Squadron in 1937 . He served in World War II as Officer Commanding No . 218 Squadron and then as Officer Commanding No . 37 Squadron . He continued his war service as Senior Air Staff Officer at Headquarters 257 Wing and then in the Middle East . He was made Station Commander at RAF Luqa in 1943 and Assistant Commandant at the RAF War Staff College in April 1944 before becoming Director of Organisation at the Air Ministry in August 1944 . After the War he became Station Commander at RAF Mildenhall and then at RAF Upwood before becoming Air Attaché in Prague in 1947 . He was appointed Deputy Director for Air Force Liaison in 1948 , Head of the RAF Delegation in Greece in 1949 and Air Officer Commanding No . 63 Group in 1951 . He went on to be Air Officer Commanding No . 22 Group in 1952 , Chief of Staff to the Royal New Zealand Air Force in 1954 and Air Officer for Administration at Headquarters RAF Bomber Command in 1956 . After that he was made Chief of Staff at Headquarters Allied Air Forces Central Europe in 1959 and Air Member for Supply and Organisation in 1960 before retiring in 1963 . In retirement he became Inspector - General of Civil Defence . References .
Second Siege of Badajoz ( 1811 ) The Second Siege of Badajoz ( 22 April – 12 May and 18 May – 10 June 1811 ) saw an Anglo - Portuguese Army , first led by William Carr Beresford and later commanded by the Arthur Wellesley , Earl of Wellington , besiege a French garrison under Armand Philippon at Badajoz , Spain . After failing to force a surrender , Wellington withdrew his army when the French mounted a successful relief effort by combining the armies of Marshals Nicolas Soult and Auguste Marmont . The action was fought during the Peninsular War , part of the Napoleonic Wars . Badajoz is located from the Portuguese border on the Guadiana River in western Spain . While Wellington faced Marshal Andre Massena ' s Army of Portugal in the north , his lieutenant Beresford attempted to capture French - held Badajoz in the south . Beresford invested the city in April but Philippon ' s garrison successfully fended off his attacks . The siege was briefly lifted while the Battle of Albuera was fought on 16 May . Though both sides suffered horrific casualties , Beresford emerged the victor and Soult retreated to the east . Wellington brought reinforcements from the north , but Massena ' s replacement Marmont also brought large forces south to join Soult . Wellington ' s efforts to capture Badajoz proved unavailing and he lifted the siege after being menaced by the large French army led by Soult and Marmont .
Liaison Squadron of 7th Aviation Corps The Liaison Squadron of 7th Aviation Corps ( " Serbo - Croatian : Eskadrila za vezu 7 . vazduhoplovnog korpusa / Ескадрила за везу 7 . ваздухопловног корпуса " ) was an aviation squadron of Yugoslav Air Force formed in 1953 at Batajnica airfield . Squadron was part of 7th Aviation Corps . It was equipped with various aircraft . Squadron was disbanded after 1956 , estimated 1959 .
Fokker D . XVII Fokker D . XVII , was a Dutch biplane created by Fokker . The protoype was powered by a unsupercharged 500 + hp Curtiss Conqueror . A later model was configured with a Rolls - Royce Kestrel of 600 hp and plans were made for a Hispano - Suiza Xbre variant . The biplane was made up of a welded steel tube fuselage with fabric covering and plywood wooden wing construction . On 18 January 1935 , it set a Dutch high - altitude record , flown by Luitenant René Wittert van Hoogland . Although many pilots noted it was a nice plane , it suffered several setbacks and numerous problems resulting in accidents , most of them during take - off or landing when the plane flipped over . In May 1939 , the aircraft was considered obsolete and used as fight pilot training for the LVA Flying School . The D . XVII saw very limited combat during the Battle of the Netherlands , and when the Dutch surrendered to the Germans , the remaining aircraft were set on fire . Airspeed Ltd . in Great Britain arranged a license to build D . XVIIs for the British market as the Airspeed AS . 17 , but no orders were received .
Robert B . Pirie , Jr . Robert B . Pirie , Jr . ( born September 10 , 1933 ) is a retired United States Navy officer and politician . He was born in San Diego , California . Early in 2001 , Pirie served as Acting Secretary of the Navy until the nomination and confirmation of an appointee by President George W . Bush . Biography . Pirie graduated from the United States Naval Academy in the class of 1955 . He was also a Rhodes Scholar , and attended Oxford University from 1956 to 1959 . He served 20 years as a naval officer , culminating his service with three years in command of a nuclear attack submarine . Upon retirement from military duty in the Navy in 1975 , Pirie joined the newly formed Congressional Budget Office as Deputy Assistant Director in charge of National Security . In 1977 , Pirie became Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower , Reserve Affairs and Logistics . He was nominated to be Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower , Reserve Affairs and Logistics by President Jimmy Carter in December 1978 , and served in that position until January 1981 . After leaving government service , Pirie held a variety of positions in the private sector , including that of president of Essex Corporation and vice president of the Center for Naval Analyses and vice president of the Institute for Defense Analyses . He directed the CNO Strategic Studies Group from 1989 to 1992 . He previously held the position as Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( Installations and Environment ) from March 1994 to October 2000 , and Under Secretary of the Navy from 12 October 2000 to 20 January 2001 . He is son of Vice Admiral Robert B . Pirie .
Forlorn hope A forlorn hope is a band of soldiers or other combatants chosen to take the leading part in a military operation , such as an assault on a defended position , where the risk of casualties is high . Etymology . The term comes from the Dutch " verloren hoop " , literally " lost hope " and adapted as " lost troop " , fundamentally meaning " heap " but extended in military contexts to denote a troop formation . The Dutch word " hoop " ( in its sense of " heap " in English ) is not cognate with English " hope " : this is an example of false folk etymology . This false etymology is further enhanced by the fact that in Dutch the word ' hoop ' can both mean " hope " as well as " heap " . History . In the days of muzzle - loading musket s , the term was most frequently used to refer to the first wave of soldiers attacking a breach in defences during a siege . It was likely that most members of the " forlorn hope " would be killed or wounded . The intention was that some would survive long enough to seize a foothold that could be reinforced , or at least that a second wave with better prospects could be sent in while the defenders were reloading or engaged in mopping up the remnants of the first wave . A forlorn hope was typically composed of volunteers and led by a junior officer with hopes of personal advancement . If the volunteers survived , and performed courageously , they would be expected to benefit in the form of promotions , cash gifts and adding glory to their name . The commanding officer himself was almost guaranteed both a promotion and a long - term boost to his career prospects . As a result , despite the risks , there was often competition for the opportunity to lead the assault . The French equivalent of the forlorn hope , called " Les Enfants Perdus " or " The Lost Children " , were all guaranteed promotion to officer rank should they survive , with the effect that both enlisted men and officers joined the dangerous mission as an opportunity to raise themselves in the army . By extension , the term " forlorn hope " became used for any body of troops placed in a hazardous position , " e . g . " , an exposed outpost , or the defenders of an outwork in advance of the main defensive position . This usage was especially common in accounts of the English Civil War , as well as in the British Army in the Peninsular War of 1808 – 1814 .
Charles Grant ( British Army officer ) General Sir Charles John Cecil Grant KCB KCVO DSO ( 1877 – 1950 ) was a British Army soldier . He saw active service in the Second Boer War in South Africa from 1899 to 1902 , in the Great War of 1914 to 1918 , and was a general officer during the 1930s and the early stages of the Second World War . Military career . Charles Grant was commissioned into the Coldstream Guards in 1897 . He served in the Second Boer War in South Africa from 1899 to 1902 . He also served in the Great War , initially as a Brigade Major for 3rd Infantry Brigade which formed part of the British Expeditionary Force deployed to France in 1914 . He was a General Staff Officer in various formations before becoming temporary Commander of 1st Infantry Brigade in 1917 . In 1918 he was assigned to General Headquarters of the French Army , as a liaison officer between General Sir Henry Hughes Wilson , Chief of the Imperial General Staff and French Marshal Ferdinand Foch . He became Commanding Officer of the 3rd Battalion the Coldstream Guards in 1919 moving on to join the General Staff in Egypt in 1921 . In 1925 he became Commander of 137 ( Staffordshire ) Brigade and in 1927 Commander of 8th Infantry Brigade . In 1930 he became General Officer Commanding the 53rd ( Welsh ) Division and in 1932 Major - General commanding the Brigade of Guards and General Officer Commanding the London District . In 1937 he was appointed General Officer Commanding in Chief of Scottish Command and Governor of Edinburgh Castle , retiring from that posting in 1940 . He was also Honorary Colonel of the King ' s Shropshire Light Infantry from 1930 to 1946 . He owned and lived much of his life at Pitchford Hall in Shropshire . Family . He was married in 1903 to Lady Sybil Myra Caroline ( 1879 – 1955 ) , eldest daughter of Archibald Primrose , 5th Earl of Rosebery , who had served as British Prime Minister from 1894 to 1895 . They had one son , Charles Robert Archibald Grant , who married Pamela Wellesley ( born 1912 ) , a granddaughter of the 4th Duke of Wellington . Later life . Grant died at his wife ' s property , The Durdans , Epsom , Surrey , aged 73 , in November 1950 , and was buried in the family grave at Balmacaan , Glen Urquhart , Inverness - shire , Scotland . References .
Albatros Dr . I The Albatros Dr . I was a German fighter triplane derivative of the D . V fitted with three pairs of wings instead of two . Identical in most other respects to the D . V , in the summer of 1917 it was flown side by side with the existing biplane in comparison trials . There was no discernible performance advantage and development was halted at the prototype stage .
G . I . Stories G . I . Stories was a series of 53 booklets published during World War II by the newspaper " Stars and Stripes " . The series covered the ground , air , and service forces in the European theater of operations . Each booklet was designed to be small enough to fit in a uniform pocket or to mail home . Booklets were stamped " Passed by censor for mailing home . " Inside the covers of most booklets was a page for soldiers to record their personal information , and a page for autographs . The total pages in each booklet was 40 , consisting of 20 double - sided pieces of paper folded in the center and stapled . The pages included 32 text pages , a front and rear cover , and a color centerfold with a map of the divisions route or a photo montage . Eight pages were color including the covers .
Thomaston - class dock landing ship The " Thomaston " - class was a class of eight dock landing ship s built for the United States Navy in the 1950s . The class of the ship is named after a town of Thomaston , Maine , which was the home of General Henry Knox , the first Secretary of War to serve under the United States Constitution . Design . The " Thomaston " - class was the second class of dock landing ships of the U . S . Navy , designed and approved in the early 1950s . Compared to the " Ashland " - / " Casa Grande " - class dock landing ships of World War II , the ships of this class were about a third larger and five knots faster than the preceding class . The class was designed to be able to transport : The dock was covered by removable segments that were able to carry the weight of two medium helicopters . Both cranes could lift weights of up to 50 ts . The machinery spaces were located underneath the dock , in contrast to the earlier " Ashland " - class , where the machinery spaces were located to port and starboard of the dock . Originally , all ships were armed with eight 3 ″ / 50 caliber gun Mark 33 twin mounts . The number was later reduced .