naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Joseph Hewes ( AP - 50 ) USS " Joseph Hewes " ( AP - 50 ) was a transport for the United States Navy during World War II . She was built in 1930 , acquired 8 January 1942 , and was assigned the task of transporting troops to and from battle areas . After off - loading delays caused by the Naval Battle of Casablanca , she was sunk by a German torpedo while anchored along the North African coast . " Joseph Hewes " was launched in 1930 by the New York Shipbuilding Corp . , Camden , New Jersey as the passenger liner " Excalibur " . As part of American Export Lines ' original " 4 Aces , " she provided first - class service between New York and Europe . In August 1940 , " Excalibur " carried the Duke and Duchess of Windsor from Lisbon to Bermuda . " Excalibur " was acquired by the Navy 8 January 1942 , and commissioned 1 May 1942 , with Captain Robert McL . Smith in command . World War II North Atlantic operations . After conversion and fitting out , " Joseph Hewes " sortied from Hampton Roads 24 October with the Center Attack Group of Admiral Hewitt ' s Western Naval Task Force en route to French Morocco . She was carrying 80 officers and 1 , 074 men of the reinforced 3rd Division , U . S . Army , plus vehicles and supplies . North Africa operations . The transport arrived off Fedhala 8 November , by 0705 landed all troops , and then commenced unloading ammunition and supplies . By 11 November " Joseph Hewes " had completed unloading and had received 30 casualties from the beach . Struck by a torpedo . At 1950 she took a torpedo hit in No . 2 hold from " U - 173 " . The transport settled by the bow and began filling rapidly with water . Captain Smith endeavored to pick up anchor or slip chain but , as the entire forecastle was under water , this was not possible . He then attempted to beach the ship by backing engines but her propeller was out of the water , so the order was given to abandon ship . Abandon ship . " Joseph Hewes " went down at 2032 , taking Captain Smith and approximately 100 seamen with her . By his coolness , calmness , and his devotion to duty in placing the safety of the crew and ship before his own , he instilled confidence in every officer and member of the crew . The U - 173 paid heavily for her victory , for she was sunk 5 days later off Casablanca by American destroyers . " Joseph Hewes " received one battle star for World War II service . Prior to her loss , " Joseph Hewes " had been designated for reclassification in early 1943 as APA - 22 . Since the hull numerical sequence had already been assigned , APA - 22 was never reissued . In the 1956 Universal International production " Away All Boats " , " USS Randall " ( APA - 224 ) wore hull number APA - 22 while standing in as the motion picture ' s fictional " USS Belinda " .
Charles Calveley Foss Brigadier Charles Calveley Foss VC , CB , DSO ( 9 March 1885 – 9 April 1953 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Biography . Foss was born in Kobe , the son of Rev . Hugh James Foss , Bishop of Osaka . He was 30 years old , and a captain in the 2nd Battalion , The Bedfordshire Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 12 March 1915 at Neuve Chapelle , France , after the enemy had captured a part of one of the British trenches and a counter - attack made with one officer and 20 men had failed ( all but two of the party having been killed or wounded in the attempt ) Captain Foss on his own initiative dashed forward with only eight men under heavy fire and attacked the enemy with bombs and captured the position and the 52 Germans occupying it . One of the eight men who accompanied Captain Foss at Neuve Chapelle was William George Peggs , 9822 2nd Battalion Bedfordshire Regiment who was awarded the Order of St George 4th Class ( Russia ) for his part in the attack . Peggs died from wounds received during a later battle on 9 August 1916 . Peggs is buried at La Neuville British Cemetery , Albert , France . Foss later achieved the rank of brigadier . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regimental Collection at the Wardown Park Museum , Luton , Bedfordshire .
William Scotter General Sir William Norman Roy Scotter , KCB , OBE , MC ( 1922 – 5 February 1981 ) was Commander - in - Chief , British Army of the Rhine , from September 1978 until October 1980 . Early years . William ( Bill ) Scotter was born in Birkenhead , Wirral on 2 February 1922 , the son of Claude Norman Scotter ( born Ulverston , Cumbria in 1889 , died 1978 in Hampshire ) and Hilda Marie Scotter ( née Turner ) ( 1892 – 1948 ) . He had two brothers and one sister . William was the grandson of Canon William Henry Scotter , one time Vicar at Ulverston and his wife Emma Gordon Dill . William was also the great nephew of Sir Charles Scotter , Baron Walford , Chairman and Managing Director of the London and South Western Railway . He was educated at St . Bees School , Cumberland . In June 1941 He joined and served in ranks of the Scots Guards . In 1942 attained the rank of Lance Corporal after attending the Royal Military Academy , Dehra Dun , India , and was commissioned into 7th Gurkha Rifles , Indian Army . He served with the Gurkha Rifles in India from 1943 until 1944 , first as temporary Captain , then as lieutenant . Then later in Burma from 1944 until 1945 when he was wounded in action . It was for his actions in Burma that he was awarded the MC . England . Having returned to England , he was transferred from the Indian Army to the 2nd Battalion Border Regiment in 1946 , initially as a Regular Officer . After service in Malaya with the 1st Battalion , 2nd Gurkha Rifles , from 1948 to 1951 and graduating from Staff College , Camberley , Surrey , he was Commanding Officer of the 1st Battalion the King ' s Own Royal Border Regiment and by July 1967 he was promoted to Brigadier and had been appointed commander of 19th Infantry Brigade . In 1965 was awarded the OBE , and in 1970 he was promoted to Major General and appointed Chief of Staff Headquarters Southern Command . In 1972 he became Chief of Staff at Headquarters UK Land Forces . By this time he was also Colonel of the King ' s Own Royal Border Regiment . Later in 1972 he became Director of Military Operations at the Ministry of Defence . By 1975 William Scotter was appointed as Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) , and promoted to Vice Chief of the General Staff at the Ministry of Defence in Whitehall in the rank of Lieutenant General . In 1976 he became Colonel Commandant of the Army Physical Training Corps Aldershot . From September 1978 was promoted to General , as Commander - in - Chief , British Army of the Rhine , a role he held until October 1980 when he was replaced by General Sir Michael Gow , KCB , ADC . Death . He was appointed to become Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe ( DSACEUR ) in April 1981 . But he died in February 1981 before he had the opportunity to take up this appointment . He was buried at Aldershot Military Cemetery with full military honours .
USS Champlin ( DD - 104 ) The first USS " Champlin " ( DD - 104 ) was a " Wickes " - class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War I . She was named in honor of Stephen Champlin . History . " Champlin " was launched 7 April 1918 by Union Iron Works , San Francisco , California ; sponsored by Miss G . H . Rolph ; and commissioned 11 November 1918 , Lieutenant Commander F . M . Knox in command . " Champlin " arrived at Newport , Rhode Island , 12 December 1918 for duty with the Atlantic Fleet . After training operations in the Caribbean , she cleared New York City 19 November 1919 for San Diego , California . Arriving 24 December 1919 , she went into reserve with the Pacific Fleet the same day , and cruised on training assignments with a reduced complement until decommissioned 7 June 1922 . Laid up at San Diego until her assignment for use in experiments on 19 May 1933 , " Champlin " was sunk in tests 12 August 1936 .
Erich Wulff ( Kriegsmarine ) Erich Wulff ( 17 May 1914 – 12 January 1979 ) was a highly decorated Oberleutnant zur See in the Kriegsmarine during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Dennis Hejlik Lieutenant General Dennis J . Hejlik , USMC was the commanding general of Marine Corps Forces Europe and United States Marine Corps Forces Command . Until early 2008 , Hejlik commanded the newly established Marine Special Operations Command . Military career . Hejlik , a native of Garner , Iowa , enlisted in 1968 , rising to the rank of sergeant before accepting honorable discharge in 1972 to pursue education . He graduated from Minnesota State University , Mankato in 1975 , returning to the Marines as a second lieutenant through the Platoon Leaders Class Program . As a commissioned officer , Hejlik has had commands at the platoon , company , and battalion , brigade , and corps levels . He has also served as a tactics instructor at the Amphibious Warfare School . The Marine Barracks in Washington , DC came under his command in 1997 . While there , Hejlik barred the Marines under his command from a number of gay bar s in the city in an attempt to curb antagonism between Marines and the gay community . In 1999 , he was appointed as Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps . He was assigned as the Principal Director for Special Operations and Combating Terrorism in 2001 , then as chief of staff and director of the Center for Command Support in 2002 . He was next assigned as deputy commanding general of I Marine Expeditionary Force , which holds a secondary billet as commnder of the 1st Marine Expeditionary Brigade , both headquartered at Camp Pendleton , in July 2004 until late 2005 . With that unit , Hejlik was involved in preparing the counter - insurgency efforts during the United States occupation of Fallujah . Hejlik was named the first commander of the Marine Special Operations Command . The command was first announced on November 1 , 2005 , becoming the first Special Operations Command unit of the Marine Corps . Hejlik was a vocal supporter of the new command , which opponents claim detracts from the Corps ' status and reputation as an all - elite force . Proponents , including Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld , claim special operations units , to include Marines , are essential in the War on Terrorism . Hejlik was confirmed by the Senate for promotion to the rank of Major General on March 16 , 2006 . He was then nominated for promotion to the rank of Lieutenant General on March 13 , 2008 , to become the Commander of the II Marine Expeditionary Force ; and confirmed for promotion by the Senate on April 29 , 2008 . In April 2010 , he was nominated by President Obama to relieve Richard F . Natonski as commander of Marine Forces Command . Lt . Gen . Hejlik served as Commanding General , II Marine Expeditionary Force , Camp Lejeune , NC , from July 2008 until August 2010 . Decorations . Medals awarded to Hejlik include :
Shepherd Field Air National Guard Base Shepherd Field Air National Guard Base is the home base of the West Virginia Air National Guard 167th Airlift Wing . Overview . Shepherd Field Air National Guard Base is located at the Eastern West Virginia Regional Airport , 4 miles south of Martinsburg , WV . The installation consists of approximately 205 acres and 34 buildings totaling 347 , 441 square feet . During peak surges , the installation population is approximately military 1500 personnel , consisting of both full - time Air Reserve Technicians ( ART ) and Active Guard and Reserve ( AGR ) and part - time Traditional Guardsmen ( TG ) . Following World War II , the Air National Guard designated the State of West Virginia as the resident state for the 167th Fighter Squadron . On 24 May 1946 , Charleston ' s Kanawha Airport became the home base for the renamed 167th Fighter Squadron . Early aircraft included the T - 6 Texan , P - 47 Thunderbolt ( redesignated F - 47 in late 1947 ) and the P - 51 Mustang ( redesignated F - 51 in late 1947 ) . The name , mission , size and even the site changed over the next 40 years , but the unit number " 167th " has remained constant with the West Virginia Air National Guard . In early 1995 , while flying the C - 130E version of the C - 130 Hercules aircraft , the by now renamed 167th Airlift Group ( 167 AG ) began conversion training for the C - 130H - 3 variant in the first quarter , transferring most of their " E " models to the Illinois Air National Guard ' s 182d Airlift Wing in Peoria , Illinois . The 167 AG ' s Civil Engineers deployed to Panama and the Medical Squadron deployed to Honduras that year , while most of the sections took part in a deployment to Alpena , Michigan in September where chemical exercises and other special training took place . The unit celebrated its 40th anniversary on 10 June 1995 . The 167th Airlift Group was redesignated the 167th Airlift Wing ( 167 AW ) on 1 October 1995 and as it became operationally capable in the C - 130H - 3 aircraft to perform its airlift mission . BRAC 2005 converted the wing ' s aircraft from the C - 130 Hercules to the C - 5 Galaxy .
Belligerent A belligerent ( lat . " bellum gerere " , " to wage war " ) is an individual , group , country or other entity which acts in a hostile manner , such as engaging in combat . Belligerent comes from Latin , literally meaning " one who wages war " . Unlike the colloquial use of " belligerent " to mean aggressive , its formal use does not necessarily imply that the belligerent country is an aggressor . In times of war , belligerent countries can be contrasted with neutral countries and non - belligerent s . However , the application of the laws of war to neutral countries and the responsibilities of belligerents are not affected by any distinction between " neutral countries " , " neutral powers " or " non - belligerents " . A non - belligerent may nevertheless risk being considered a belligerent if it aids or supports a belligerent in a way proscribed by neutral countries . An interesting use of the term arose during the American Civil War , when the Confederate States of America , though not recognized as a sovereign state , was recognized as a " belligerent power " , and thus Confederate warships were given the same rights as Union warships in foreign ports . Belligerency . " Belligerency " is a term used in international law to indicate the status of two or more entities , generally sovereign states , being engaged in a war . Wars are often fought with one or both parties to a conflict invoking the right to self - defence under Article 51 of the United Nations Charter , ( as the United Kingdom did in 1982 before the start of the Falklands War ) or under the auspices of a United Nations Security Council resolution ( such as the United Nations Security Council Resolution 678 which gave legal authorization for the Gulf War ) . A state of belligerency may also exist between one or more sovereign states on one side , and rebel forces , if such rebel forces are recognised as belligerents . If there is a rebellion against a constituted authority ( for example an authority recognised as such by the United Nations ) and those taking part in the rebellion are not recognised as belligerents then the rebellion is an insurgency . Once the status of belligerency is established between two or more states , their relations are determined and governed by the laws of war . Belligerent can also be used in the context of uncontrollable anger during an argument of two or more parties .
Daniel Smith ( surveyor ) Daniel Smith ( October 29 , 1748June 16 , 1818 ) was a surveyor , an American Revolutionary War patriot , and twice a United States Senator from Tennessee . Biography . Smith was born in Stafford County , Virginia , and attended the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg , Virginia . Becoming a surveyor , he moved to Augusta County , Virginia , serving as deputy surveyor of the county in 1773 . As a militia officer , he helped defend the Virginia frontier during Dunmore ' s War and the American Revolution . He became sheriff of Augusta County in 1780 and was commissioned a colonel in the militia , taking part in the later battles of the Revolutionary War , including Guilford Courthouse and Kings Mountain . On October 5 , 1781 , Smith was appointed " Assistant Deputy Surveyor " in the Southern Department of the Continental Army under Thomas Hutchins . At the war ' s end , Smith moved to what is now Sumner County , Tennessee to claim the land grant for his military service . As county surveyor , he surveyed what became the site of the town of Nashville , Tennessee . He was prominent in local affairs and was appointed a brigadier general in the militia . He was a member of the 1789 North Carolina convention which voted to ratify the United States Constitution . In 1790 , President George Washington named him Secretary of the Southwest Territory . Smith was a member of the convention that wrote the Tennessee State Constitution of 1796 , which came into effect with its statehood on June 1 , 1796 . Smith prepared the first official map of Tennessee . Smith was later appointed as United States Senator when Andrew Jackson resigned from that position ( for the first time ) , serving from October 6 , 1798 to March 4 , 1799 . He was later elected to his own Senate term , serving from March 4 , 1805 to March 31 , 1809 when he resigned and returned to his Sumner County estate , Rock Castle in Hendersonville , pursuing his agricultural and business interests until his death there , being interred in an adjacent family plot . Rock Castle is preserved today as an historical landmark and one of the early examples in Middle Tennessee of a plantation .
Hans - Christian Stock Hans - Christian Stock ( 21 November 1919 – 12 January 1945 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Hans - Christian Stock was killed on 12 January 1945 in Makranz , Slovakia . He was posthumously promoted to Major .
Ceremonial Squadron The Ceremonial Squadron ( " C Sqn " ) an HQ Unit of Training Group of the Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps . History . The Ceremonial Squadron was created December 1998 and officially established on 1 May 1999 . The unit has gained recognition of high standard of drill on its debut performance on the Hong Kong Cadet Force Joint Annual Parade on 7 November 1999 at Hong Kong Police Training School . Moreover , it is the first time the air cadets have an escorting unit to the HKACC Colour equipped with ceremonial dress ( No . 1 Service Dress ) . Ceremonial Squadron is under the training group of the Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps . Duties of the Guards of Honour . The Ceremonial Flight is an Headquarters Unit of Training Group which was led by Flight Lieutenant Sandy S . F . Chu , Officer Commanding Ceremonial Flight with the assistance of Warrant Officer Wallace W . K . Yip , Chief Drill Instructor . C Flt commits to perform all ceremonials by forming up the Guards of Honour including Colour Party if required . The C Flt is also responsible for escorting the HKACC Colour on all occasions . Ceremonial Squadron Officers . The Commanding Officer has authorised the establishment of Ceremonial Squadron on 1 October 2003 . Acting Squadron Leader Gavin T . C . Loo was the Officer Commanding Squadron and the Ceremonial Squadron is authorised as the only unit to parade the HKACC Colour by forming up a Colour Party as well as escorting flights as required . The current Officer Commanding of Ceremonial Squadron is Ag Flt Lt Edward King . Functions of the Ceremonial Squadron . Ceremonial Squadron performs at public duties such as Remembrance Sunday at Cenotaph , National Day Flag Raising at the Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence and other major public performances such as Solar Project and the Aviation Day were under its scope . As such , the C Sqn was gradually equipped with full ceremonial accoutrements i . e . RAF No . 1 Service Dress for all senior and cadet members , ceremonial swords for officers and warrant officers and replica drill - purpose rifles for all cadet s . Official Website of Ceremonial Squadron , HKACC
Donn F . Porter Donn Fortheringham Porter ( March 1 , 1931 – September 7 , 1952 ) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War . He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on September 7 , 1952 . Porter joined the Army from Baltimore , Maryland in 1951 , and originally trained as an airborne ranger . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery Arlington , Virginia . His grave can be found in Section 33 , Lot 4357 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Army , Company G , 14th Infantry Regiment , 25th Infantry Division Place and date : Near Mundung - ni , Korea , September 7 , 1952 Entered service at : Baltimore , Md . Born : March 1 , 1931 , Sewickley , Pa . Graduated Saint James School , MD . Class of 1949 G . O . No . : 64 , August 18 , 1953 . Citation : Sgt . Porter , a member of Company G , distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and outstanding courage above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy . Advancing under cover of intense mortar and artillery fire , 2 hostile platoons attacked a combat outpost commanded by Sgt . Porter , destroyed communications , and killed 2 of his 3 - man crew . Gallantly maintaining his position , he poured deadly accurate fire into the ranks of the enemy , killing 15 and dispersing the remainder . After falling back under a hail of fire , the determined foe reorganized and stormed forward in an attempt to overrun the outpost . Without hesitation , Sgt . Porter jumped from his position with bayonet fixed and , meeting the onslaught and in close combat , killed 6 hostile soldiers and routed the attack . While returning to the outpost , he was killed by an artillery burst , but his courageous actions forced the enemy to break off the engagement and thwarted a surprise attack on the main line of resistance . Sgt . Porter ' s incredible display of valor , gallant self - sacrifice , and consummate devotion to duty reflect the highest credit upon himself and uphold the noble traditions of the military service .
Battle of Kauhajoki The Battle of Kauhajoki was fought between Swedish and Russia n troops on August 10 , 1808 . After the important Swedish victory at the Battle of Lapua the force under the command of Georg Carl von Döbeln defeated a Russian force near Kauhajoki , Southern Ostrobothnia , Finland .