naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Hans Waldhausen " Oberleutnant " Hans Waldhausen was a World War I flying ace credited with six confirmed aerial victories in eight days . He was forced down and captured after his sixth victory . Waldhausen studied law after World War I and became a judge . He joined the Luftwaffe for World War II , serving as a military judge . Biography . Hans Waldhausen was born in Mainz on 30 January 1892 . In Spring 1911 , he joined the 1st Guards Field Artillery Regiment . He also served with the 4 Guards Field Artillery Regiment . When World War I began , he had moved on to the 76th Baden Field Artillery Regiment and been commissioned a " Leutnant " . Waldhausen was wounded in September 1914 , but returned to duty and succeeded in winning the Iron Cross Second Class in December 1914 . During Summer 1915 , he transferred to aviation duty . His original flying assignment was to " Flieger - Abteilung " ( Flier Detachment ) 53 as an aerial observer . In the Summer of 1916 , he was sent to pilot ' s training with " Fliegerersatz - Abteilung " ( Replacement Detachment ) 4 in Posen . Once trained , Waldhausen returned to reconnaissance duty with a Bavarian unit , " Flieger - Abteilung " 9 . After service with FA 9 , he was forwarded to " Jastaschule " ( Fighter School ) 1 in Valenciennes , France . Fighter training completed , he joined a fighter squadron , " Jagdstaffel 37 " , on 26 July 1917 . There he was assigned Albatros D . V serial number 2284 / 17 , which he had emblazoned with a star and crescent motif . Flying this aircraft on the Western Front , he was soon dubbed " The Eagle of Lens " . Waldhausen scored his first aerial victory on 19 September 1917 , downing a Sopwith 1 1 / 2 Strutter from the Royal Flying Corps ' 43 Squadron over Fresnes at 0730 hours . A second claim that day , for a Martinsyde Elephant , went unconfirmed . Five days later , on 24 September , Waldhausen did shoot down a Martinsyde Elephant over Cagnicourt at 1445 hours . The next day , on an evening sortie , he shot down an enemy observation balloon in flames over Béthune on the French / Belgian border . On 27 September 1917 , Waldhausen ignited and destroyed another observation balloon southwest of Roulette at 1705 hours , followed five minutes later by a 9 Squadron Royal Aircraft Factory RE . 8 sent into Farbus Wood . At 1815 hours , Waldhausen flamed another balloon at Neuville - Saint - Vaast . Shortly thereafter , he ran afoul of Charles Dawson Booker and Philip Tudhope , who forced him to land . Waldhausen went off to a prisoner of war camp . His still - usable aircraft was renumbered by the Royal Flying Corps as serial number G74 . Oberleutnant Waldhausen , who had won the First Class Iron Cross at some time , sat out the war . Postwar , he studied law . He became a judge . During World War II , Waldhausen returned to aviation duty as a military judge in the Luftwaffe . He was assigned variously to the staffs of Jagdgeschwader 51 , Jagdgeschwader 54 , and Luftflotte 1 . In 1943 , he became a senior judge . Hans Waldhausen survived this war also ; he died on 6 November 1976 .
Jack C . Taylor Jack Crawford Taylor ( born 1922 ) is an American businessman and billionaire who founded the Enterprise Rent - A - Car Company . Early life and education . Taylor is the oldest of two sons born to Melburne Martling Taylor and Dorothy Crawford Taylor . Taylor enrolled in the Olin Business School at Washington University in St . Louis in 1940 . He left school to join the U . S . Navy . During World War II , he piloted an F6F Hellcat fighter from the decks of the and the earning earning two Distinguished Flying Cross es and the Navy Air Medal . Career . After the war , he returned to St . Louis and started a delivery service company . In 1948 , he took a job at the Lindberg Cadillac dealership where he eventually became a sales manager . In 1957 , he started a car leasing business at the dealership in partnership with his employer which required that he take a 50 percent pay cut and put up $ 25 , 000 for a 25 % interest in the business . Targeting people whose cars were in the shop , the Executive Leasing Company began operation with a total of seven cars . In 1969 , Jack expanded outside Saint Louis and changed the name of the company to Enterprise ( named after the USS Enterprise aircraft carrier upon which he had served in World War II ) . Unlike his competitors , who focused on business rentals at airports , Taylor concentrated on the hometown market offering home pickup services which led to Enterprise ’ s “ We ’ ll Pick You Up ” slogan . By 1980 , the rental fleet had grown to 6 , 000 cars . In 1989 , the fleet had grown to 50 , 000 and he changed the name of the company to Enterprise Rent - A - Car . By 1992 , Enterprise surpassed $ 1 billion in revenues and by 1995 , it reached $ 2 billion in revenues . In 2007 , Enterprise purchased National Car Rental and Alamo Rent - A - Car . The current chairman and CEO is Taylor ' s son , Andrew C . Taylor . Taylor ' s business credo is : “ Take care of your customers and employees first , and profits will follow . ” Personal life . Taylor was married to Mary Ann Taylor . They have since divorced . They had two children , Andrew C . Taylor , who is the current CEO of Enterprise , and Jo Ann Taylor , who runs the Taylor family philanthropic activities .
South Africa Medal ( 1854 ) The South Africa Medal ( 1854 SAM ) was a campaign medal approved in 1854 , for issue to officers and men of the Royal Navy and British Army . The 1854 SAM was awarded to participants in three campaigns in Southern Africa : the " Kaffir " or " Frontier " Wars of 1834 – 5 ( First Kaffir War , also known as the Sixth Frontier War ) , 1846 – 7 ( Second Kaffir , Seventh Frontier ) , and 1850 – 3 ( Third Kaffir , Eighth Frontier ) . No clasps were issued , therefore it is not immediately possible to determine which war ( s ) any particular medal was awarded for ( reference must be made to the appropriate medal rolls ) . A list of recipients , their campaigns , and regimental profiles are given by Everson ( 1978 ) . The die for the medal was engraved by Leonard Charles Wyon . Clasps . None authorised .
Kuwait – Iraq barrier The Kuwait – Iraq barrier ( " Ḥudūd al - ' Irāq - al - Kuwayt " ) is a border fence extending six miles ( 10 km ) into Iraq , three miles ( 5 km ) into Kuwait , and across the full length of their mutual border from Saudi Arabia to the Persian Gulf . Constructed by authorization of the United Nations Security Council , its stated purpose is to stop a re - invasion of Kuwait by Iraq . The border barrier , made of electrified fencing and concertina wire , is braced by a - wide and - deep trench , complete with a - high dirt berm and guarded by hundreds of soldiers , several patrol boats , and helicopters . Construction of the barrier began in 1991 . In January 2004 , Kuwait decided to install a new 217 km iron border barrier along the existing border . The stated needs were protecting the northern border , and preventing cars coming from Iraq from approaching the electricity bars . The barrier will cost an estimated 28 million dollars and will extend from Umm Qasr until the joint border triangle where Saudi Arabia , Iraq , and Kuwait meet . Asphalted roads will be also constructed to facilitate border security movement . Under Saddam Hussein ' s rule ( until the Liberation of Kuwait in 1991 ) Iraq viewed Kuwait as part of Iraq , and viewed the barriers as illegally separating two parts of Iraqi territory .
Battle of the Aous The Battle of the Aous was fought in 198 BC between the Roman Republic and The Kingdom of Macedon , at or near modern Tepelenë in Albania . The Roman forces were led by Titus Quinctius Flamininus and the Macedonian ones were led by Philip V . Flamininus won the battle , and the two commanders would meet again at Cynoscephalae the following year .
USS Cabrilla ( SS - 288 ) USS " Cabrilla " ( SS / AGSS - 288 ) , a , was a ship of the United States Navy named for the cabrilla , an edible fish inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea and waters off the coast of California . " Cabrilla " ( SS - 288 ) was launched 24 December 1942 by Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery , Maine ; sponsored by Mrs . L . B . Combs ; commissioned 24 May 1943 , Commander Douglas Thompson Hammond in command ; and reported to the Pacific Fleet . " Cabrilla " arrived at Pearl Harbor 30 August 1943 , and on 12 September cleared on the first of eight war patrols . After a daring exploit in which four Filipino guerrillas were taken off Negros Island , " Cabrilla " completed her patrol at Fremantle , Australia , her base for the next five patrols . During her second patrol , " Cabrilla " laid mines in the Gulf of Siam , and sank her first Japan ese merchantman , then returned to Fremantle to prepare for her third patrol , a reconnaissance of Sunda Strait . Her fourth and fifth patrols , off Makassar , and in the Celebes and Sulu Seas , found her again striking with telling results against Japanese merchant shipping . Most successful of her patrols was the sixth , in the South China Sea and off Luzon from 13 September to 25 October 1944 . During this period , she sank a total of 24 , 557 tons of shipping , including a 10 , 059 - ton tanker . " Cabrilla " made her seventh war patrol in vicious weather in the Kurile Islands of northern Japan , and her last patrol found her on lifeguard duty for aviators downed at sea while carrying out attacks on Japan . Homeward - bound after 2 arduous years , " Cabrilla " cleared Fremantle 31 August 1945 for the States . Following overhaul at Philadelphia , she sailed for the Canal Zone for exercises ( 19 February – 17 March 1946 ) , then underwent preinactivation overhaul at Philadelphia . " Cabrilla " was placed out of commission in reserve 7 August 1946 at the Naval Submarine Base New London , CT , and laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet . " Cabrilla " was recommissioned and redesignated Auxiliary Submarine AGSS - 288 , in 1962 . She was decommissioned on 30 June 1968 and simultaneously struck from the Naval Register . " Cabrilla " was subsequently designated to be a museum ship and temporarily opened as such at Galveston Texas . However , delays in preparing a permanent berth and the poor material condition of the sub compelled the memorial organizers to exchange " Cabrilla " for the . In January 1971 " Cabrilla " was returned to the Navy , which sold her for scrapping in April 1972 . " Cabrilla " received six battle star s for World War II service . Of her eight patrols , six were designated as " Successful War Patrols " . She is credited with having sunk a total of 38 , 767 tons of shipping .
Al - Quds rocket The al - Quds 101 Rocket is a homemade rocket made and used by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad for use in attacks against Israel . The al - Quds 101 is most likely similar to the Qassam rocket series used by Hamas . On February 11 , 2006 , Islamic Jihad spokesman Abu Hamza reported that the newly developed al - Quds 2 had a length of 2 . 3 meters and were capable of striking Ashkelon , Israel , from the Gaza Strip . Islamic Jihad has recently released a video showing the development of a much larger Quds - 4 rocket .
Battle of Maniaki The Battle of Maniaki was fought on June 1 , 1825 in Maniaki , Greece ( in the hills east of Gargalianoi ) between Egyptian forces led by Ibrahim Pasha and Greek forces led by Papaflessas . Battle . With 3 , 000 Greek soldiers , Papaflessas chose to position his troops near Mount Malia in order to acquire a decent view of the plain near Navarino . From that entrenched position , Papaflessas awaited Ibrahim ' s forces . During the night , many Greeks from within Papaflessas ' s ranks fled after seeing Ibrahim ' s enormous armies . ( Finlay places the number of remaining Greek soldiers at 1500 . ) Ibrahim , in person , advanced towards the Greek position leading a force of over 6 , 000 soldiers . ( Phillips calls the Egyptian force ' innumerable ' ) . Papaflessas provided an eloquent speech that enhanced the morale of the remaining Greeks that decided to stay and fight . As the Arabs in Ibrahim ' s army attacked , the Greeks held their positions staunchly but were eventually overwhelmed . Ultimately , a large part of the remaining Greeks including Papaflessas and 400 Arabs perished in the aftermath of the battle . ( Finlay places the number of Greek casualties at 1000 . ) The head and body of Papaflessas were recovered and placed upright on a post . Aftermath . Despite the defeat of Papaflessas , the battle itself helped to change and strengthen the declining morale of other Greeks who contributed to the independence movement .
Russian frigate Admiral Gorshkov Admiral Gorshkov is a frigate of the Russian Navy and the lead ship of the " Admiral Gorshkov " class . She was laid down in 2006 , launched in October 2010 , and is set to start moring trials in May 2012 . The ship is expected to join the Russian Navy in 2013 . The ship will be the largest warship to join the Russian navy in over a decade and is named after Sergey Gorshkov .
USS Fort Henry ( 1862 ) USS " Fort Henry " ( 1862 ) was a steamer purchased by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy primarily as gunboat stationed off Confederate ports to prevent their trading with foreign countries . " Fort Henry " was purchased 25 March 1862 at New York City ; and commissioned 3 April 1862 , Acting Lieutenant J . C . Walsh in command . Successful operations with the East Gulf Blockade . Assigned to the East Gulf Blockading Squadron , " Fort Henry " arrived at Key West , Florida , 2 June 1862 for blockade duty in the vicinity of St . George Sound and the Cedar Key s . Highly successful in apprehending blockade runner s , she took one sloop in 1862 , and in 1863 , took four schooner s , four sloops , and one smaller craft . In April 1863 , with " St . Lawrence " and " Sagamore " , she made an expedition to scour the coast between the Suwanee River and Anclote Key s . A sloop was taken off Bayport , Florida , 9 April , where the group engaged an enemy battery and set a schooner flaming with its fire . Under attack on the Crystal River . On 20 July 1863 , " Fort Henry " sent her launch to reconnoiter the Crystal River , an expedition in which two of her men were killed by fire from the shore . End - of - war decommissioning and sale . She sailed north in June 1865 , arriving at New York City 19 June . There she was decommissioned 8 July 1865 , and sold 15 August 1865 .
Robert H . Anderson Robert Houston Anderson ( October 1 , 1835 – February 8 , 1888 ) was a cavalry and artillery officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Early life and career . Born in Savannah , Georgia , Anderson was educated in the local schools . He received an appointment to the United States Military Academy . After graduation in 1857 , as a brevet second lieutenant , he was stationed in upstate New York . He later served as an infantry first lieutenant at Fort Walla Walla in the Washington Territory . Civil War service . In early 1861 , shortly before the official secession of his home state , Anderson accepted a commission in the Confederate army as a lieutenant in the artillery . In September of that year , he was promoted to major . He was later appointed assistant adjutant general to Maj . Gen . W . H . T . Walker of the Georgia State militia , later seeing action at the Battle of Fort McAllister ( 1863 ) before his transfer to the frontlines as colonel of the 5th Georgia Cavalry . Commissioned a brigadier general on July 26 , 1864 , Anderson was attached to the Army of Tennessee as a cavalry officer during the Atlanta Campaign . After the death of commanding officer Brig . Gen . John H . Kelly near Franklin , Tennessee , Anderson assumed temporary command of the division before resuming his former position as brigade commander following the fall of Atlanta . He would later lead his brigade against advancing Union forces during Sherman ' s March to the Sea and the Carolinas Campaign before the collapse of the Confederacy in April 1865 . Postbellum career . Following the war , Anderson served as the police chief of Savannah , where he died at the age of 52 . He is buried in Bonaventure Cemetery .
Special warfare boat operator Special warfare boat operator ( abbreviated as SB ) is a United States Navy occupational rating . Special warfare boat operators drive fast speedboat s down narrow , winding rivers , or the open ocean while performing high speed , medium range , all weather insertion / extraction of special operations forces , maritime interdiction operations , tactical swimmer operations , intelligence collection , operation deception , and coastal patrol .
Iran Ajr Iran Ajr , formerly known as the " Arya Rakhsh " , was a Japanese - built landing craft used by Iran to lay naval mine s during the Iran – Iraq War . Built in 1978 , the 614 - ton , 54 - meter ship was powered by two diesel engines and featured a bow ramp for unloading cargo . She was scuttled in 1987 . Iran – Iraq War . On 21 September 1987 , U . S . forces involved in Operation Prime Chance tracked " Iran Ajr " and dispatched army helicopters from the Navy guided missile frigate to shadow it . Prime Chance was the covert part of Operation Earnest Will , the mission to protect U . S . - flagged petroleum - carrying ships in the Persian Gulf . When the aviators reported that people aboard the " Iran Ajr " were laying mines , the U . S . commander in the Persian Gulf ordered the army pilots to " stop the mining . " The helicopters fired on the ship , killing some of the mariners and chasing others into the water . A team of Navy SEAL commandos later boarded the ship , confirmed the presence of mines , and detained the surviving Iranians . On 26 September , EOD MU5 Detachment 5 scuttled the ship in international waters . When the struck a mine the following April , navy explosive ordnance specialists matched the serial numbers of nearby unexploded mines to the ones aboard the " Iran Ajr " . This evidence of Iranian involvement in the " Roberts " mining led to the biggest surface - warfare naval battle since World War II , the retribution campaign of 18 April 1988 called Operation Praying Mantis . The captured colors of the " Iran Ajr " are in the U . S . Navy Museum .
Wilhelm Dipberger Wilhelm " Willi " Dipberger ( 30 May 1918 – 10 September 2005 ) was a German Luftwaffe observer and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Dipberger was a member of the Hermann Hogeback bomber crew . Hogeback ' s crew earned the distinction of being the only crew to have all members awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross by the end of the war , and Dipberger was the last of his crew ( aside from Hogeback himself ) to be awarded after " Oberfeldwebel " Günter Glasner on 31 December 1943 and similarly ranked Willy Lehnert on 5 April 1944 .
Schütte - Lanz D . II The Schütte - Lanz D . II was a variant of the Schütte - Lanz D . I . The only change was a new engine - the 100 hp Mercedes D . I 6 - cylinder water - cooled engine replacing the 80 hp Oberursel U . 0 rotary engine in the D . I . The aircraft was never flown .
Christian Bachmann Christian Bachmann ( 23 November 1919 — 15 March 1945 ) was a Sturmbannführer ( Major ) , in the Waffen SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , an award given by Nazi Germany for extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II . Christian Bachmann was born on the 23 November 1919 at Nordlingen in Schwaben . He volunteered to join the SS and was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class in June 1940 . He was in 1941 commissioned as an officer , taking the rank Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) . On further promotion to Obersturmführer ( Senior Storm Leader ) in September 3rd SS Division Totenkopf 1942 , Bachmann was posted onto the staff of the III . Battalion , 1st Infantry Regiment , Totenkopf . In 1943 he was given command of the 11th Company , 5th SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " Totenkopf " and also awarded the German Cross in gold . In 1944 he was given command of the II . 5th SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment 5 " Totenkopf " . It was when in command of this Battalion that Bachman was sent to Budapest on 1 January 1945 , and forced back the Soviet Union forces trying to take Budapest , several kilometers . It was for this action that he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross in February 1945 . Christian Bachmann was last seen on the 15 March 1945 , northwest of Stuhlweissenburg in Hungary . He was shortly thereafter declared missing in action , and posthumously promoted to Sturmbannführer .
Canadian Corps ( World War II ) The unnumbered Canadian Corps was the first corps - level military formation established by the Canadian Army during World War II . A four - division Canadian Corps had existed during the First World War . However , during World War II Canada ' s military contribution was to increase to the scale of a five - division , two - corps army . The Canadian Corps became effective in the United Kingdom on December 25 , 1940 . It began as essentially a renaming of the existing Anglo - Canadian VII Corps . The 1st Canadian Infantry Division had already been sent across the Atlantic in December 1939 and early 1940 , and had been attached to VII Corps to help defend southern England against the threat of German invasion from occupied France . However , the number of Canadian troops in the United Kingdom had increased significantly with the staged arrival , over the second half of 1940 , of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division . A Canadian Corps was deemed advisable to accommodate and clearly highlight the growing military contribution from Canada . British staff officers in the new Canadian Corps were replaced gradually with Canadians as trained replacements became available . Similarly , British units in the Corps were gradually replaced with Canadian units . The Canadian Corps was redesignated I Canadian Corps on April 6 , 1942 , when the growing size of Canada ' s overseas expeditionary force in the United Kingdom required the formation of the First Canadian Army . The Canadian Corps was commanded initially by Lieutenant - General Andrew McNaughton ( December 1940 to December 1941 ) , who had previously commanded VII Corps . From November – December 1941 Major General George Pearkes was asked to assume command of the Canadian Corps , taking the place of Andrew McNaughton who was on an extended leave . Lieutenant - General Harry Crerar assumed command from December 23 , 1941 to April 6 , 1942 .
Type 85 submachine gun The Type 85 submachine gun was developed during the early 1980s as a less expensive replacement for the Type 79 submachine gun , and a silenced version was also developed to replace the Type 64 submachine gun s which were then in service with PLA . Both weapons are used currently by PR China police units , as well as PLA soldiers . The Type 85 submachine gun is a simple blowback weapon that fires from an open bolt . It uses tubular receiver made from steel , and there is long silencer tube also made from steel . The Safety / fire mode selector lever is located at the right side of the trigger unit , above the trigger guard , and allows for single shots and full automatic fire . The Type 85 silenced SMG is optimized for special 7 . 62x25mm ( Type 64 ) ammunition with heavy , subsonic bullets , but can also fire standard 7 . 62mm Type 51 / 7 . 62x25mm TT ammunition ( with increased loudness ) . The Type 85 SMG is fed using same 30 - round box magazines as the Type 64 SMG . There is also a steel shoulder stock which folds to the right of the gun when not in use . Related content . Similar or comparable submachine guns of the People ' s Republic of China