naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
UB . 109T UB . 109T was a British cruise missile project . It was cancelled on 30 September 1954 . An identified operational requirement led to a request for designs for an unmanned bomb capable of delivering a 5 , 000 lb ( 2 . 27 tonne ) conventional warhead over 465 miles ( 700 km ) travelling at 600 mph . The specification for production was for plastic construction . Guidance would be by Decca or LORAN . Of three designs submitted , two were chosen for development . Red Rapier from Vickers - Armstrong Ltd Vickers 825 design powered by three Rolls - Royce Soar turbojets . Blue Rapier the Bristol 182 by Bristol Aeroplane Company , with a single Bristol Siddeley engine . A proposal by Boulton Paul , the P . 123 was not accepted . History . By cancellation , the Vickers 825 had reached prototype stage . The 825 was long with a wingspan . The airframe was welded and formed mild steel sections . The fuselage was rolled steel and the wing sheet steel over box spars . The wing served as the fuel tank . The three Soar engines were used , two on the tips of the tailplane , and one on the tip of the fin . The leading edges of the tailplane and fin were sharply swept , but the wing was straight and held to the fuselage by bombslips . The warhead ( a single bomb , or five bombs scattered laterally ) was held on the front of the fuselage by explosive bolts . In use , the wing was jettisoned at the target , and the warhead detached once the fuselage had stabilised in a dive and the altitude came below the radar horizon ( at from its launch position ) . After initial guidance by flux gate compass and vertical reference , guidance was by the ' TRAMP ' sysem of pulses transmitted from two ground radar stations , producing target position as the intersection of two range measurements . Guidance accuracy at a - range target was specified as CEP . One - third scale models without engines were built and air launched from a Washington bomber ( the Boeing B - 29 Superfortress in RAF service ) on the Woomera missile range to test the aerodynamics and autopilot operation . Cruising at Mach 0 . 83 at , intercepting Red Rapier required surface - to - air missiles . This is in contrast to the wartime V1 , which flew at low altitude and could be intercepted by existing fighter aircraft , or shot down by antiaircraft guns . Full details of the Red Rapier project are given in " The ' Secret ' World of Vickers Guided Weapons " by John E . Forbat and published in 2006 by Tempus ( now The History Press ) .
370th Flight Test Squadron The 370th Flight Test Squadron is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the 452d Operations Group , stationed at Edwards AFB , California . Mission . The squadron is assigned to the United States Air Force Reserve 452d OG and performs flight testing . History . Formed as a heavy bombardment group in January 1942 , trained in the Pacific Northwest under Second Air Force , with B - 17 Flying Fortress es . Reassigned to Seventh Air Force in Hawaii , November 1942 and performed performing search and rescue and antisubmarine patrols until January 1943 while transitioning to long - range B - 24 Liberator heavy bombers . Deployed to Central Pacific from Hawaii throughout 1943 for long - range combat bombardment operations against Japanese forces in the Central Pacific ; New Guinea ; Northern Solomon Islands and Eastern Mandates campaigns . Deployed to the New Hebrides in the South Pacific and operated from numerous temporary jungle airfields , engaging in long - range bombardment operations during the Bismarck Archipelago ; Western Pacific ; Leyte ; Luzon and Southern Philippines campaigns until the end of the war in August 1945 . Assigned to Clark Field , Philippines after the war ended , demobilized with personnel returning to the United States , unit inactivated as paper unit in January 1946 in California . Reactivated as B - 29 Superfortress squadron at MacDill Field , Florida in August 1946 as part of Strategic Air Command . Was a training unit for antisubmarine warfare . Deployed to Okinawa during Korean War , carrying out combat operations over Korea throughout the conflict . Remained in Okinawa until November 1954 when inactivated . Reactivated simultaneously at Lincoln AFB , Nebraska , as a B - 47 Stratojet medium jet bomber squadron , performed REFLEX deployments to North Africa until phaseout of B - 47 in 1965 and inactivated . Reactivated as a flight test squadron in 2001 .
11th Florida Infantry The 11th Regiment , Florida Infantry was an infantry regiment from Florida that served in the Confederate States Army from 1864 to 1865 . The 11th Infantry Regiment was organized in June 1864 by consolidating part of the 2nd and the 4th Florida Infantry Battalions . Many of the men serving in the regiment were recruited in Hendry , Jackson , and Bradford counties . The 11th Infantry was placed in the Florida Brigade alongside the 2nd , 5th , 8th , 9th , and 10th Florida Infantry Regiments under command of General Finegan . In the last year of war the Florida Brigade fought at Cold Harbor in June 1864 and Petersburg during the winter . The Florida Brigade retreated with the Army of Northern Virginia and surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9 , 1865 . By the time of surrender , the regiments were the size of modern - day platoons or companies . The 2nd , 5th , and 8th surrendered 68 , 53 , and 32 men respectively . The 9th , 10th , and 11th surrendered 124 , 162 , and 23 . Most of the 11th had been cut off in the Army ’ s retreat and had previously surrendered . The 11th Infantry Regimennt surrendered 4 officers and 19 men . The field officers were Colonel Theodore W . Brevard , Lieutenant Colonel James F . McClellan , and Major John H . Gee . Engagements and Battles . 1864 - 1865 References . The Civil War Archive , Florida Confederate Regimental Index . < / ref >
Stockpile stewardship Stockpile stewardship refers to the United States program of reliability testing and maintenance of its nuclear weapon s without the use of nuclear testing . Because no new nuclear weapons have been developed by the United States since 1992 , even its youngest weapons are at least years old . Aging weapons can fail or act unpredictably in a number of ways : the high explosives that condense their fissile material can chemically degrade , their electronic components can suffer from decay , their radioactive plutonium / uranium cores are potentially unreliable , and the isotopes used by thermonuclear weapons may be chemically unstable as well . Since the United States has also not tested nuclear weapons since 1992 , this leaves the task of its stockpile maintenance resting on the use of simulations ( using non - nuclear explosives tests and supercomputer s , among other methods ) and applications of scientific knowledge about physics and chemistry to the specific problems of weapons aging ( the latter method is what is meant when various agencies refer to their work as " science - based " ) . It also involves the manufacture of additional plutonium " pits " to replace ones of unknown quality , and finding other methods to increase the lifespan of existing warheads and maintain a confident nuclear deterrent . Most work for stockpile stewardship is undertaken at United States Department of Energy National Laboratories , mostly at Los Alamos National Laboratory , Sandia National Laboratories , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , the Nevada Test Site , and Department of Energy productions facilities , which employ around 27 , 500 personnel and cost billions of dollars per year to operate . Stockpile Stewardship and Management Program . The Stockpile Stewardship and Management Program is a United States Department of Energy program to ensure that the nuclear capabilities of the United States are not eroded as nuclear weapons age . It costs more than $ 4 billion annually to test nuclear weapons and build advanced science facilities , such as the National Ignition Facility ( NIF ) . Such facilities have been deemed necessary under the program since President Bill Clinton signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty in 1996 . Facilities . The stockpile stewardship program is supported by the following experimental facilities : The data produced by the experiments carried out in these facilities is used in combination with the Advanced Simulation and Computing Program .
Harbin Z - 5 The Harbin Z - 5 ( " Zhishengji " - helicopter ) is a Chinese copy of the Soviet Mil Mi - 4 piston engined helicopter . It was produced in the city of Harbin , China . The USSR provided China with blueprints in 1958 , a few years before the Sino - Soviet split . The first flight was in 1959 , but serial production was delayed and did not start until the mid - 1960s . China has produced a number of unique variants , and the Z - 5 was in use with the PLA , PLAAF and PLANAF in large numbers , although it might still be in reserve . China also exported a number of Z - 5 to client states . About 545 were built . A few Z - 5 helicopters were modified to carry machine - guns and rocket pods . One Z - 5 was reengined with a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 T - 6 " Twin Pac " turboshaft in 1979 , during the Chinese - Western rapprochement . Some sources refer to this as the Z - 6 , but the experiment went no further .
2nd Land Force Brigade The 2nd Land Force Brigade ( ) is a mixed brigade of Serbian Land Forces . It consist from infantry , armored , mechanized , artillery , air defense , engineering and signal units . History and traditions . The brigade is formed on March 28 , 2007 with command in Kraljevo from the former land forces units located in western Serbia ; 252nd Armoured brigade from Kraljevo , 37th Motorized Brigade from Raška , 20th Motorized Brigade from Valjevo , 401st Artillery - rocked Air Defence Brigade from Jakovo , 305th Engineer Brigade from Obrenovac , 524th Logistics Base and 24th Special Purpose Battalion from Kragujevac and 228th Signal Battalion form Gornji Milanovac . July 12 is celebrated as 2nd Brigade day . Tasks . It ' s covering the territory of western Serbia , from the border with Montenegro on south to Drina and Velika Morava rivers on west and east , to area around city of Valjevo on north . The most units are , like the command of brigade , based in Kraljevo , while the other units are based in Novi Pazar , Raška and Valjevo .
714 Naval Air Squadron 714 Naval Air Squadron of the British Royal Navy ' s Fleet Air Arm was an operational training squadron based at RNAS Merganser near Crimond , Aberdeenshire in April 1945 . It flew the Fairey Barracuda , and was commanded by Lieutenant Commander J R Godley , who transferred from the disbanded 835 Naval Air Squadron .
Ioan Dumitrache Ioan Dumitrache ( 25 August 1889 , Ciorăști near Râmnicu Sărat - 6 March 1977 , Braşov ) was a Romania n Major General during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded by the Third Reich to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Fort Anderson ( Kentucky ) Fort Anderson , located in Paducah , Kentucky was the site for the Battle of Paducah . Originally a supply depot , it was rebuilt as a seven - gun fort . Fort Anderson was 400 feet long and ran 160 feet toward the Ohio river , surrounded on the west , north and south by 50 foot ditches filled with water . The fort was commanded by Colonel Stephen G . Hicks , a federal commander . The fort was occupied by 665 men . In March 1864 , Forrest set out from Columbus , Mississippi , with a force of less than 3 , 000 men on a multipurpose expedition ( recruit , reoutfit , disperse Yankees , etc . ) into West Tennessee and Kentucky . He arrived in Paducah on March 25 , and quickly occupied the town . The cavalry began destroying unwanted supplies , and took what they wanted , mainly horses and mules . Fort Anderson was commanded by Union officers Col . Stephen G . Hicks and Lt . Cdr . James W . Shirk . They had support of two gunboats on the Ohio River , and refused to surrender . A message was sent by Confederate Major - General Nathan Bedford Forrest to Hicks asking for unconditional surrender . The letter reads as follows : Colonel : Having a force amply sufficient to carry your works and reduce the place , and in order to avoid the unnecessary effusion of blood , I demand the surrender of the fort and troops , with all public property . If you surrender , you shall be treated as a prisoner of war ; but if I have to storm your works , you may expect no quarter . N . B . Forrest , Major - General , Commanding Confederate Troops . Colonel Hicks answered with a letter of his own , which reads : Sir : I have this moment received yours of this instant , in which you demand the unconditional surrender of the forces under my command . I can answer that I have been placed here by the Government to defend this post , and in this , as well as all other orders from my superiors , I feel it to be my duty as an honorable officer to obey . I must , therefore , respectfully decline surrendering as you may require . S . G . Hicks Colonel , Commanding Post As a result , on March 25 , 1864 , at 4 : 30 , the order to charge came from Forrest . Led by Colonel Albert P . Thompson , of Paducah , the Confederate cavalrymen swooped down on the fort . They were met with a barrage of grapeshot and canister from newly - converted gunboats . They fell back , and then charged once more , only to meet with the same fierce barrage . The Confederates entered homes near the fort and began firing under cover of the houses . Nathan Forrest gave the order to cease firing . Although this is considered to be a Confederate victory , it was not a conflict that made any lasting changes .
Security Forces Headquarters – Mullaittivu Security Forces Headquarters – Mullaittivu ( SFHQ - MLT ) is a regional command of the Sri Lanka Army , that is responsible for the operational deployment and command all army units stationed in Mullaittivu District , this includes several division s and the independent brigade s . This a new command established to maintain control over newly recaptured area . It is one of the five Security Forces Headquarters and the General Officer Commanding it is one of the most senior officers in the army , the post is designated as Commander Security Forces Headquarters - Mullaittivu . The current Commander SFHQ - MLT is Major General Nandana Udawatta . The SFHQ - MLT is based at Mullaittivu . Although it is primary a command of the Sri Lanka Army it coordinates operations and deployments of ground units of the Navy , Air Force and police with that of the army in that area .
Erich Taeger Erich Taeger ( 5 August 1919 – 20 May 2011 ) was a German Luftwaffe bomber pilot and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Argo 16 " Argo 16 " was the codename of an Italian Air Force C - 47 Dakota aircraft , registration MM61832 , used by the Italian Secret Service and the U . S . Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) in covert operation s . Officially , those operations were limited to electronic surveillance over the Adriatic Sea and interference with the Yugoslavian radar network . The aircraft crashed on November 23 , 1973 , at Marghera , Italy , after an improvised explosive device detonated on board . Venetian Judge Carlo Mastelloni determined that the Argo 16 aircraft was used to shuttle trainees and munitions of North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) members between military bases around Italy : the aircraft had been involved in covert operations , such as the repatriation of terrorists and transport of secret service agents . The explosion and the subsequent crash killed the four operatives on board . There are many surrounding this crash . Some believe that the aircraft was used by the CIA in the Cold War conflict . According to a December 1 , 1990 , article in " The Independent " , quoted by Statewatch , " General Geraldo Serraville , head of Gladio from 1971 to 1974 , told a television programme that he now thought the explosion aboard the plane Argo 16 on 23 November 1973 was probably the work of " gladiatori " who were refusing to hand over their clandestine arms . Until then it was widely believed the sabotage was carried out by Mossad , the Israeli foreign service , in retaliation for the pro - Libyan Italian government ’ s decision to expel , rather than try , five Arabs who had tried to blow up an Israeli airliner . The Arabs had been spirited out of the country on board the Argo 16 . "
Albert E . Cowdrey Albert E . Cowdrey is an American fantasy and science fiction author . He has published the science fiction novel " Crux " and a number of short stories . Much of his short fiction has appeared in Fantasy and Science Fiction and centers on his love for New Orleans . He was Chief of the Special History Branch in the U . S . Army , and wrote a number of nonfiction books about the history of the medical branches of the army . In 2003 Cowdrey ' s short story " Queen for a Day " won the World Fantasy Award . His novella " The Overseer " received a nomination in the 2009 World Fantasy Awards . Bibliography . Partial bibliography of short stories : The Lucky People , ( ss ) F & SF Feb 1968 ( as Chet Arthur ) < BR > The Familiar , ( ss ) F & SF Mar 1997 < BR > White Magic , ( nv ) F & SF Mar 1998 < BR > The Great Ancestor , ( ss ) F & SF Sep 1998 < BR > Revenge , ( ss ) F & SF May 1999 < BR > Crux [ Crux ] , ( na ) F & SF Mar 2000 < BR > The Stalker , ( ss ) F & SF Aug 2000 < BR > Mosh [ Crux ] , ( na ) F & SF Dec 2000 < BR > The King of New Orleans , ( ss ) F & SF Feb 2001 < BR > Nature 2000 , ( ss ) F & SF Apr 2001 < BR > Tomorrow , ( ss ) F & SF Jun 2001 < BR > Queen for a Day , ( nv ) F & SF Oct / Nov 2001 < BR > Ransom [ Crux ] , ( na ) F & SF Mar 2002 < BR > The Posthumous Man , ( ss ) F & SF Jul 2002 < BR > The Boy ’ s Got Talent , ( nv ) F & SF Sep 2002 < BR > Grey Star , ( ss ) F & SF Jan 2003 < BR > The Dog Movie , ( ss ) F & SF Apr 2003 < BR > Danny ’ s Inferno , ( ss ) F & SF Dec 2003 < BR > Rapper , ( ss ) F & SF Feb 2004 < BR > Silent Echoes , ( nv ) F & SF Apr 2004 < BR > A Balance of Terrors , ( ss ) F & SF Jul 2004 < BR > The Tribes of Bela , ( na ) F & SF Aug 2004 < BR > The Name of the Sphinx , ( nv ) F & SF Dec 2004 < BR > The Amulet , ( nv ) F & SF Mar 2005 < BR > Twilight States , ( ss ) F & SF Jul 2005 < BR > The Housewarming , ( ss ) F & SF Sep 2005 < BR > The Revivalist , ( na ) F & SF Mar 2006 < BR > Imitation of Life , ( ss ) F & SF May 2006 < BR > Animal Magnetism , ( nv ) F & SF Jun 2006 < BR > Immortal Forms , ( ss ) F & SF Aug 2006 < BR > Revelation , ( ss ) F & SF Oct / Nov 2006 < BR > Murder in the Flying Vatican , ( na ) F & SF Aug 2007 < BR > Envoy Extraordinary , ( ss ) F & SF Sep 2007 < BR > The Recreation Room , ( nv ) F & SF Oct / Nov 2007 < BR > The Overseer , ( na ) F & SF March 2008 < BR > Thrilling Wonder Stories , ( ss ) F & SF May 2008 < BR > Poison Victory , ( nv ) F & SF July 2008 < BR > Inside Story , ( ss ) F & SF Oct / Nov 2008 < BR > A Skeptical Spirit , ( nv ) F & SF Dec 2008 < BR > Seafarer ' s Blood , ( nv ) F & SF Jan 2009 < BR >
Egbert Jaeckel Egbert Jaeckel ( 16 October 1919 – 17 July 1943 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Luftwaffe during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . During his career he flew 983 missions and was also credited with the sinking of the Soviet destroyer Minsk . Egbert Jaeckel was shot down and killed on 17 July 1943 during the Battle of Kursk by Soviet fighters . He was posthumously promoted to Hauptmann .
Military of Saint Lucia Military branches : No regular military force ; the " Special Service Unit " , and the " Coast Guard " , are both under the command of the Royal Saint Lucia Police . Manpower available for military service : Males age 16 - 49 : 41 , 414 ( 2010 est . ) Manpower fit for military service : Males age 16 - 49 : 32 , 688 ; Females age 16 - 49 : 36 , 289 ( 2010 est . ) Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually : Male : 1 , 574 ; female : 1 , 502 ( 2010 est . ) Active Manpower : Approximately 116 men and women Military expenditures - dollar figure : $ 5 million ( fiscal year 91 / 92 ) Military expenditures - percent of gross domestic product : Military partner : The " Royal Saint Lucia Police Force " receives training from the USSOUTHCOM . The United States Armed Forces considers St . Lucia as a partner nation in the Caribbean , along with Saint Vincent and the Grenadines .
Master seaman Master seaman ( MS ) , or " matelot - chef ( matc ) " in French , is a non - commissioned member rank of the Canadian Navy , which is between leading seaman ( LS ) and petty officer 2nd class ( PO2 ) . Technically , the rank is actually an appointment , with appointees holding the rank of leading seaman . If demoted , a master seaman will become an able seaman or leading seaman depending on seniority However , the process to be appointed is very similar to that of a promotion , and holding the appointment of master seaman is a prerequisite to promotion to PO2 . A contributing factor to the confusion of ' appointment ' vs ' promotion ' is that when promoted / appointed to master seaman , the sailor enters a new pay scale , unlike appointment to able seaman , wherein the sailor has simply entered a new incentive level within the pay scale for ordinary seaman . A master seaman is equal to a master corporal of the Canadian Army and the Royal Canadian Air Force . The rank of master seaman is sometimes referred to as “ master killick ” , from “ killick ” , the slang for leading seaman . Those personnel junior to the master seaman , however , are advised to refrain from addressing the holder by that term .
Alexander August Wilhelm von Pape Alexander August Wilhelm von Pape ( February 2 , 1813 – May 7 , 1895 ) was a Royal Prussian infantry Colonel - General with the special rank of Generalfeldmarschall . Pape was born in Berlin . He started his military career in 1830 as Junker of the 2nd Guards Infantry Brigade and he was eventually promoted to major . In 1856 he was appointed to the cadets school in Potsdam , and in 1860 he became battalion commander . In the Austro - Prussian War of 1866 , Pape was a Colonel commanding the 2nd Guards Infantry Brigade , which he had led since 1863 . On December 31 , 1866 , he was promoted to Colonel - General . On the outbreak of the Franco - Prussian War of 1870 / 71 , he was given the 1st Guards Infantry Division which took St . - Privat - la - Montagne on August 18 , then successfully fought in the Battle of Sedan , leading to the siege of Paris and the final victory . On March 22 , 1872 he was awarded the prized Oakleaves to the Prussian Pour le Merite Order for his military services most especially for action at the battles at St . Privat on August 18 , 1870 and at Sedan on September 1 , 1870 . His initial Pour le Merite Order award was on September 17 , 1866 . [ 1 ] In 1880 Pape was promoted to infantry general of the V . Armeekorps , in 1881 of the III . Armeekorps , and finally in 1884 he was appointed to the lead of the Guards Corps . In September 1888 , Pape was relieved of this position and promoted to the special rank of Generalfeldmarschall . He held the position of Governor of Berlin and was placed in charge of the military within the Province of Brandenburg . By 1885 he was a member of the Landesverteidigungskommission . Pape retired in January 1895 . He died shortly thereafter on May 7 in his hometown of Berlin . Pape was highly respected to that by Emperor William , who called him the " The role model of a traditional Prussian military leader " . The street " General - Pape - Straße " in Tempelhof was named in honor of Pape by a decree of the emperor . A train station of the Berlin S - Bahn was named " Station Papestraße " until May 27 , 2006 , when it was renamed Berlin Südkreuz to match with similar names like Ostkreuz and Westkreuz .