naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
HMAS Fremantle ( J246 ) HMAS " Fremantle " ( J246 / M246 ) , named for the port city of Fremantle , Western Australia , was one of 60 " Bathurst " class corvettes constructed during World War II , and one of 36 initially manned and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . Construction . " Fremantle " was laid down by Evans Deakin & Co at Brisbane , Queensland . She was launched on 18 March 1942 by the wife of Prime Minister John Curtin , and commissioned into the RAN on 24 March 1943 . Operational history . World War II . When " Fremantle " entered active service in April 1943 , she was immediately assigned to convoy escort duties along the east coast of Australia . This continued until August 1943 , when the corvette was assigned as a convoy escort between Darwin and Thursday Island . She continued this duty until June 1945 , when she was ordered to New Guinea waters to act as a guard ship . " Fremantle " remained in New Guinea waters until the end of World War II . The ship received two battle honour s for her wartime service ; " Darwin 1943 " and " Pacific 1943 - 45 " . Following the war ' s end , " Fremantle " was sent to Hong Kong , where she joined the 21st Minesweeping Flotilla in August 1945 and was involved in mine clearance in Chinese waters . On completion , the corvette returned to Australia , visiting her namesake city for the first time on 18 November 1945 , before arriving in Melbourne and paying off into reserve on 25 January 1946 . Post - war . " Fremantle " was recommissioned on 10 December 1952 as a training ship for National Service trainees . Based in the port of Fremantle , the corvette was also involved in fisheries protection , monitoring of the Japanese pearling fleet , and hydrographic surveys . Decommissioning and fate . HMAS " Fremantle " paid off to reserve for the second time on 22 June 1959 . She was sold for scrapping to Kinoshita ( Australia ) Pty Ltd on 6 January 1961 .
Type C2 ship Type C2 ships were designed by the United States Maritime Commission ( MARCOM ) in 1937 – 38 . They were all - purpose cargo ships with five holds , and U . S . shipyards built 173 of them from 1939 to 1945 . Compared to ships built before 1939 , the C2s were remarkable for their speed and fuel economy . Their design speed was , but some could make on occasion . The first C2s were long , broad , and deep , with a draft . Later ships varied somewhat in size . In 1937 , MARCOM distributed tentative designs for criticism by shipbuilders , ship owners , and naval architects . The final designs incorporated many changes suggested by these constituencies . The ships were to be reasonably fast but economical cargo ships which , with some government subsidies to operators , could compete with vessels of other nations . Building costs were to be minimized by standardization of design and equipment , and the ships were to have sufficient speed and stability that they could be used as naval auxiliaries in time of national emergency . The basic specifications called for a five - hold steel cargo ship with raked stem and cruiser stern , complete shelter and second decks , and a third deck in Nos . 1 – 4 holds . Dimensions of the hatches were × , except for No . 2 , which was × , allowing such cargo as locomotives , naval guns , long bars , etc . Ventilation to the holds was provided by hollow kingposts , which also served as cargo masts . Cargo handling gear consisted of fourteen 5 - ton cargo booms , plus two 30 - ton booms at Nos . 3 and 4 hatches . Living accommodations were much improved over previous designs , with crew accommodations amidships , officers quarters on the boat deck , and the captain ' s quarters on the bridge deck , along with the wheelhouse , chartroom , gyro and radio room . Hot and cold running water was provided throughout . Many of the ships such as the SS " Donald McKay " were converted by the U . S . Navy for service during World War II . The commercial versions were operated by the government during the war . Beginning in late 1945 , the commercial ships were sold to merchant shipping lines , with service until the early 1970s .
Siege of Katsurao The 1553 siege of Katsurao was one of many sieges undertaken by the warlord Takeda Shingen in his bid to gain control of Japan ' s Shinano province . He successfully took the fortress from Murakami Yoshikiyo , and seized three more minor fortresses over the next four months , at Wada , Takashima and Fukuda .
Confederate States Bureau of Indian Affairs The Confederate States Bureau of Indian Affairs was a subdivision of the Confederate States War Department established in 1861 to handle the duties the War Department was charged with regarding the Confederacy ' s relations with the various Indian Nations with which it interacted . Commissioners of the Bureau Commanders of the Department of the Indian Territory References . Worldstatesmen . org
Foster mounting In early 1916 Sergeant Foster of No . 11 Squadron RFC devised a sliding rail mounting for the upper wing Lewis Gun on a Nieuport 11 . It enabled the gun to be pulled down so that its breech was conveniently in front of the pilot , making it much easier to change ammunition drums or to clear stoppages in flight . The mounting was readily adaptable to several other types of biplane fighter aircraft , including in particular the Nieuport 17 and 24 ( in British service ) and the S . E . 5a , and became a standard fitting for these aircraft and others . Although possibly not part of the original intention the mounting allowed the Lewis gun to fire forwards and upwards , rather than straight ahead , to attack an enemy aircraft from behind and below , a favourite tactic of the ace Albert Ball and a precursor of the " Schräge Musik " tactics used by German night fighter s in the Second World War . When fired directly forwards , the trigger of the Lewis Gun was controlled by a Bowden cable ; when fired upwards the pistol grip was held to steady the weapon , and it was fired by pressing the trigger . Twin Foster mountings were occasionally used , although the recoil and vibration of two Lewis guns firing simultaneously was considered a dangerous strain for the lightly braced centre section of the aircraft of the time . As the gun ' s line of fire was outside the propeller arc , Foster - mounted guns did not require synchronising gear . The mounting could only be fitted to types with a suitable configuration , and was a little less stable and more subject to vibration than a mounting in the fuselage , resulting in a more widely spread pattern of fire . The illustration shows a Foster mounting adapted to the Avro 504 K night fighter . This aircraft had a much larger gap between the top of the fuselage and the upper wing than most types fitted with this type of mounting — in an S . E . 5a for instance the gun was much more easily reached , and the mounting shorter and neater .
Horace Sewell The Hon . Brigadier - General Horace Somerville Sewell , CMG , DSO ( and bar ) , " Légion d ' honneur " ( 1881 – 1953 ) was an officer in the British Army during World War I , notable for his mixed - race ancestry . Biography . Horace Sewell was born in Wales on 10 February 1881 ; he was the third son of Henry Sewell , who was in turn the eldest son of the prominent Jamaica planter William Sewell and the mulatto former slave Mary McCrea . Henry Sewell returned to England , where he married and eventually settled at Steephill Castle near Ventnor on the Isle of Wight , but he inherited his father ' s Jamaica plantation " empire " in 1872 , and subsequently divided his time between England and Jamaica , eventually relocating permanently back to the island . Horace Sewell was educated at Harrow School and Trinity College , Cambridge , before joining the 4th Royal Irish Dragoon Guards in 1900 . His regimental nickname was " Sambo " , apparently a reference to his Jamaican roots . Sewell was seconded to the West African Frontier Force for three years from 1907 , with a promotion to Captain following soon after the start of the assignment . By the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , his regiment was serving in the British Expeditionary Force ; he was quickly promoted to major , and took command the regiment as a temporary lieutenant - colonel in March 1915 . In April 1918 , he was promoted to command the 1st Cavalry Brigade of the British Army , which he led until the end of the Great War . General Sewell was a highly decorated soldier , earning the DSO in 1915 , the French " Légion d ' honneur " in 1916 , a bar to his DSO for service at the Battle of Cambrai in 1917 , and the CMG in 1919 , as well as being twice wounded and five times mentioned in dispatches . He also found time in 1916 to marry the daughter of the New York gypsum magnate Jerome Berre King . After the war he commanded the 7th Queen ' s Own Hussars until 1923 , subsequently the Midland Cavalry Brigade of the Territorial Army until 1928 . During World War II , Brigadier - General Sewell was attached to the British Information Service in New York . He matriculated his coat of arms in 1940 and settled at the medieval Tysoe Manor in Warwickshire , but latterly spent much of his time on Jamaica , where he served as a Justice of the Peace . Brigadier - General Sewell apparently passed for white , and evidence of his mixed - race heritage surprised modern researchers , but his nickname suggests that his ancestry was known to his comrades and subordinates , and he was recognized as " black " by Americans who he came in contact with during his World War II posting .
Geoffrey Saxton White Geoffrey Saxton White VC ( 2 July 1886 – 28 January 1918 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Educated at Bradfield College , He was 31 years old , and a lieutenant - Commander in the Royal Navy during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . The VC action . On 28 January 1918 in the Dardanelles , Turkey , Lieutenant - Commander White , commanding British submarine " E . 14 " was under instructions to find the German battlecruiser " Goeben " , which was reported to be aground . She was not found , however , and " E . 14 " turned back . Then came the following sequence of events , for which White was posthumously awarded the VC on 24 May 1919 : White ' s body was not recovered at the time , and he has no known grave . He is commemorated on the Portsmouth Naval Memorial . The Medal . The medal is now owned by his grandson .
Pagan Amum Pagan Amum is SPLM Secretary General . In 23 July 2013 the chairperson of the SPLM Gen . Salva Kiir established an investigation committee to investigate Amum over allegations of criticizing the ruling party and describing it as failure . The investigation committee in headed by senior SPLM member Wani Igga who is also the speaker of the National Legislature .
18th Royal Hussars The 18th Royal Hussars ( Queen Mary ' s Own ) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army , first formed in 1759 . It saw service for two centuries , before being amalgamated into the 13th / 18th Hussars in 1922 . The regiment was first raised as the 19th Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons in 1759 , renumbered the 18th Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons in 1763 , and briefly the 4th Regiment of Light Dragoons in 1766 before settling on the 18th in 1769 . In 1805 it took the title of the 18th ( King ' s Irish ) Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons , named for George III , and redesignated as hussars in 1807 , becoming the 18th ( King ' s Irish ) Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons ( Hussars ) . It was informally known as the " Drogheda Light Horse " and it was humorously referred to as the " Drogheda Cossacks . " It was disbanded in Ireland in 1821 . The regiment was reformed in 1858 , as the 18th Regiment of ( Light ) Dragoons from a nucleus taken from the 15th Hussars , and renamed the 18th Hussars in 1861 . In 1903 it was named the 18th ( Princess of Wales ' s Own ) Hussars , for Princess Mary , being retitled the 18th ( Victoria Mary , Princess of Wales ' s Own ) Hussars in 1905 and the 18th ( Queen Mary ' s Own ) Hussars in 1910 to mark her coronation as Queen Consort . After service in the First World War , the regiment retitled as the 18th ( Queen Mary ' s Own ) Royal Hussars in 1919 , then the 18th Royal Hussars ( Queen Mary ' s Own ) in 1921 , and was amalgamated with the 13th Hussars to form the 13th / 18th Hussars the following year .
Langley Frank Willard Smith Langley Frank Willard Smith , ( 15 August 1897 - 13 June 1917 ) was a Canadian Flying Ace in World War I credited with 16 victories . Background . Smith was born in Philipsburg , in the Province of Quebec , and was brought up by his grandmother , his father having been widowed . Whilst attending Flying School in St . Augustine , Florida , Smith accidentally stepped into a revolving propeller and received near - fatal head injuries . However he completed his training at the Curtiss Flying School in Newport News , Virginia , qualifying as a pilot on 29 June 1916 . Involvement in World War 1 . Posted to 4 Naval Squadron on 25 April 1917 , he scored eight victories flying the Sopwith Pup . In June 1917 , his squadron was the first to receive the new Sopwith Camel . A few days later , while attempting to intercept a flight of 16 Gotha bombers , Smith was killed when his Camel lost a wing and broke up in mid - air . He is buried in the Houtave Churchyard , Zuienkerke , West - Vlaanderen , Belgium
Ghaith Abdul - Ahad Ghaith Abdul - Ahad ( Arabic : غيث عبدالأحد ) ( born in Baghdad , Iraq , 1975 ) is an Iraqi journalist who began working after the U . S . invasion and has written for " The Guardian " and " Washington Post " and published photographs in the " New York Times " , " Washington Post " , " Los Angeles Times " , " The Guardian " , " The Times " ( London ) , and other media outlets . Besides reporting from his native Iraq , Abdul - Ahad has also reported from Somalia , Sudan , Afghanistan , Libya and Syria . Background . Abdul - Ahad studied architecture at Baghdad University and had never traveled outside Iraq prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq . As a deserter from Saddam Hussein ' s Iraqi army , he lived underground in Baghdad for six years , having to change his residence every few months in order to avoid detection and arrest . He began doing street photography in 2001 and was determined to document conditions in Baghdad during the war . This aroused suspicion , and he was arrested three days before the end of major combat operations , though he was able to escape by bribing his guards . Career . After the 2003 invasion of Iraq , Abdul - Ahad became a freelance photographer for Getty Images and journalist , writing for the British " The Guardian " from 2004 . In October 2005 , has continued his work with the published his book " Unembedded : Four Independent Photojournalists on the War in Iraq " which features his photography along with that of Kael Alford , Thorne Anderson and Rita Leistner . In October 2010 Abdul - Ahad was imprisoned for five days by the Taliban fighters he had gone to interview . In late February 2011 Abdul - Ahad entered Libya to report on the Libyan civil war . He was detained on 2 March by the Libyan Army in the town of Sabratha . His traveling companion , the Brazilian journalist Andrei Netto of " O Estado de S . Paulo " was released on 10 March , with Netto attributing his release to the good relationship between Brazil and Libya . On 13 March Amnesty International and others called for Abdul - Ahad to be released ; he was finally released on 16 March , after the Turkish government assisted negotiations and editor Alan Rusbridger flew to Tripoli . Abdul - Ahad ' s most recent work revolves around the Syrian Civil War focusing on the rebels and their stalemate between determined loyalists .
Gwardia Ludowa WRN Gwardia Ludowa WRN ( GL WRN , People ' s Guard of WRN ) was a part of the Polish resistance movement in World War II . Created in 1939 by Polish Socialist Party - WRN faction , since 1940 it was subordinated to ZWZ ( name changed to Armia Krajowa ( AK ) in 1942 ) with a degree of autonomy . In 1944 it numbered about 42 , 000 people . It was disbanded in early 1945 . Together with the Home Army or Armia Krajowa proper , the People ' s Guard " Freedom Equality Independence " did try , and on a small scale succeeded ( some remote araeas only ) , in providing the Polish citizens with the Polish Underground Police and court system independent from that of the nazi German occupant . The civilian head of the Gwardia Ludowa WRN was Kazimierz Puzak .
Philippe Rondot Philippe Rondot ( born 5 October 1936 ) is a French retired general , formerly an important personality of the French intelligence . He worked for both the domestic intelligence DST and the foreign intelligence DGSE ( traditionally rival services ) and was councilor to several Defence ministers ( either Right or Left - wing ) . Career . Philippe Rondot was born in 1936 in a family of military officers ( his father was a general and a veteran of a paratrooper commando ) . After studies at the " École Spéciale Militaire de Saint - Cyr " , he was awarded a PhD in political sociology . He joined the " special services " in 1965 as an officer of the " action " branch of the SDECE ( ancestor of the present DGSE ) . In the late 1970s , he joined the DST . In 1994 , he was active in the capture of terrorist Ilich Ramírez Sánchez ( aka " Carlos the Jackal " ) in Sudan , by tracking down Sánchez inside Sudan and making Sheikh Hassan al - Turabi and the Sudanese government admit that they were harboring him . He also took part in hostage liberations in Libya and Iraq . From 1997 , he was in charge of coordinating intelligence at the Defence Ministry , until he retired on the 31st of December 2005 . His title was " " conseiller pour le renseignement et les opérations spéciales " " ( " councillor for intelligence and special operations " ) of the Defence minister , first Alain Richard and later Michèle Alliot - Marie . Second Clearstream Affair . The second Clearstream affair is an episode of the enquiry regarding the selling of " Lafayette " class frigates to Taiwan by Thomson , then directed by Alain Gomez . After receiving a Clearstream listing from Jean - Louis Gergorin , Philippe Rondot directed an inquiry , following orders from the minister of Defence , and reporting to Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin directly . This caused Rondot ' s house to be searched in March 2006 , and himself to be audited , by judges Jean - Marie d ' Huy and Henri Pons .
Avia 51 The Avia 51 was a 1930s Czechoslovakia n 6 - passenger commercial transport designed by Robert Nebasář and built by Avia . The type was uneconomical in use and only three were built . Development . The Avia 51 was a three - engined high - wing cantilever monoplane designed for the Czech national airlines CLS . It was built with a duraluminium monocoque fuselage and a fixed tailwheel landing gear . Powered by three Avia Rk . 12 radial engine , two fitted into the leading edges of the wing and one nose - mounted . It had a two - man flightdeck and an enclosed luxury cabin for five or six passengers , it was not large enough to stand up ( 5 ft 1in ) but did have a separate lavatory compartment , it also had three luggage and mail compartments . Operational history . The Avia 51 entered service on the Berlin - Prague - Vienna route but with only a small passenger capacity it proved uneconomical to operate . In 1937 the aircraft were sold to the Estonian government , one appeared operating for the Spanish Republican Air Force in the Spanish Civil War and it was reported the other two were lost at sea when the freighter carrying them to Bilbao was sunk .
Joint Expeditionary Forensics Facilities The Joint Expeditionary Forensics Facilities , or ( JEFF ) , program provides crime scene investigation forensic science to the US military as a method to identify insurgents during counter - insurgency operations . The first battlefield forensics lab was an enterprise spearheaded by the Naval Criminal Investigative Service to support the Marine Corps in Al Anbar Province , Iraq . The lab was set up near Fallujah , Iraq , in March 2006 during Operation Iraqi Freedom . At the time , the lab had latent print and firearm / toolmark capabilities . The first DNA lab was established in the International Zone , Baghdad , Iraq , in November 2006 to support an Extra - Judicial Killings Task Force . DNA analysts were relocated to this LEFL lab in August 2007 . This co - location of disciplines represented the first fully capable forensics lab . In late 2007 , the Commander of the Multinational Corps ( Iraq ) directed the establishment of JEFF labs in each major Division area of operation . This resulted in three additional labs being stood up to support Coalition Force in Iraq . Due to the success of the JEFF concept many of the people involved in the JEFF program shifted to support Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan . The JEFF program is run through the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Dahlgren , Virginia , USA . Prime vendor contract support is from BAE Systems . JEFF supports all of the Services .
28th Virginia Infantry The 28th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia . The 28th Virginia completed its organization at Lynchburg , Virginia , in June , 1861 . Its members were raised in the counties of Botetourt , Craig , Bedford , Campbell , and Roanoke . After fighting at First Manassas , the unit was assigned to General Pickett ' s , Garnett ' s , and Hunton ' s Brigade , Army of Northern Virginia . It was active in the campaigns of the army from Williamsburg to Gettysburg except when it served with Longstreet at Suffolk . The 28th moved to North Carolina , then was on detached duty at Richmond . It fought at Cold Harbor , endured the battles and hardships of the Petersburg trenches , and was engaged in various conflicts around Appomattox . The regiment totaled 600 men in April , 1862 , and reported 40 casualties at Williamsburg , and 47 at Seven Pines . It lost 12 killed and 52 wounded at Second Manassas , had 8 killed and 54 wounded during the Maryland Campaign , and , of the 333 engaged at Gettysburg , half were disabled . Many were captured at Sayler ' s Creek , but 3 officers and 51 men survived to surrender on April 9 , 1865 . Among the losses was its flag , which was taken by the 1st Minnesota Regiment and still resides in the Minnesota Historical Society . The field officers were Colonels Robert C . Allen , Robert T . Preston , and William Watts ; Lieutenant Colonels Samuel B . Paul and William L . Wingfield ; and Majors Michael P . Spesard and Nathaniel C . Wilson .