naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Angelo Cerica Angelo Cerica ( September 30 , 1885 - April 11 , 1961 ) was an Italian general and senator . Biography . Early life . Born to Pietro Felice and Luisa Villa in Alatri , Cerica attended the Conti - Gentili Lyceum in his native town and later entered a military academy . At September 1906 , he was commissioned as a second lieutenant and joined the 74th Infantry Regiment , being promoted to full lieutenant on June 1909 . During June 1912 , he was transferred to the Carabinieri Corps . Cerica participated in World War I , attaining the rank of captain in October 1916 . At September 1920 , he was further promoted to major and became a lieutenant colonel in February 1927 . During the Second Italo - Abyssinian War , Cerica was appointed commander of the Carabinieri Legion in Asmara , an office he held from September 1936 to June 1939 . In 10 January 1939 he was promoted to colonel . Due to exceptional merit , he received the rank of brigadier general on June 19 that year , becoming the chief of Carabinieri forces in Italian East Africa . He served in the same capacity in Italian North Africa from July 1940 until February 1941 . Cerica was posted back to Italy , attained the rank of Divisional General in 22 June 1942 and was made commander of the 4th Carabinieri Podgora Detachment . Anti - Mussolini plot . When General Azolino Hazon , commander of the Carabinieri Corps , was killed in a bombing during 19 July 1943 , Cerica was called to replace him , although he formally assumed his responsibilities only on 23 July . He had been approved by General Vittorio Ambrosio after the latter ascertained that Cerica would cooperate with the anti - Benito Mussolini faction , the members of which were planning to depose the Duce . Cerica organized Mussolini ' s arrest after his interview with King Victor Emmanuel III in Villa Savoia , at 25 July , and directed his forces to prevent riots in the capital . He was promoted to Corps General on August 8 . Later years . In September 9 , a day after the Badoglio Proclamation prompted the Germans to invade Italy , Cerica led a battalion of cadets in battle against the enemy on the Via Ostiensis , and was defeated . Being sought by the occupation authorities , he went into hiding on September 11 and joined a partisans unit in Abruzzo . He participated in their actions until the liberation of the area . Afterwards , Cerica headed a department in the Italian Co - Belligerent Army ' s General Staff until the war ' s end . He then commanded the military forces in Emilia - Romagna for a month , leaving his post in June 1945 . Cerica served as the President of the Supreme Military Court from May 1947 to September 1951 . He was also a Member of the Senate for the Christian Democracy Party in the First , Second and Third Legislatures of Parliament .
Battle of Vila Velha The Battle of Vila Velha or Battle of Vila Velha de Ródão took place in October 1762 when a British - Portuguese force led by John Burgoyne and Charles Lee surprised and recaptured the town of Vila Velha de Ródão from Spanish invaders during the Seven Years ' War as part of the Spanish invasion of Portugal . Burgoyne , who took the Spanish base at Valencia de Alcántara two months earlier then marched against forces preparing to cross the River Tagus into Alentejo . On 3 October 1762 Count of Lippe in anticipation of a Spanish offensive across the Zêzere River against the Portuguese headquarters at Abrantes instructed George Townshend to march to the Beira Baixa country , marching along the left bank of the Zêzere river , to make a junction with Lord George Lennox ' s forces and to threaten the Spanish lines of communication with Almeida and Ciudad Rodrigo by advancing on Belmonte and Penamacor . This new march was promptly executed and Townshend ' s Portuguese soldiers enduring the greatest privations ; but his men successfully attacked a French force escorting a convoy near Sabugal , capturing a large quantity of supplies . The same day , the Spanish force , who had taken Vila Velha on the 2nd , advanced on Porto Cabrão , leaving behind eight artillery pieces guarded by 200 grenadiers and 100 horse . General Burgoyne , who was in charge of the defence of the south bank of the Tagus in this area , noticed that only a small force was guarding the Spanish battery at Vila Velha and ordered lieutenant - colonel Charles Lee to take the head of a detachment ( 100 Portuguese grenadier s , 200 men of the 85th Foot and 50 men of the 16th Light Dragoons ) , to pass the Tagus and to attack this position . A Portuguese grenadier of the 2nd Cascais Infantry courageously crossed the Tagus with a rope to facilitate the passage of a barge , sacrificing his life in this action . On 7 October , Lee ' s detachment , using surprise , launched a night attack and surprised the Spanish camp at Vila Velha . Although they were entrenched surprise helped the British and Portuguese to manage to overpower and disperse the Spanish horse and foot inflicting considerable loss . As well as 250 Spanish killed wounded or captured , 6 guns and 60 artillery mules were acquired . Lee ' s main target however was the artillery depot and this was mostly burned , some of it being taken . This was achieved at a cost of only 1 man killed and 10 wounded . The town was held as Portuguese and British reinforcements arrived the next day . The taking of Vila Velha effectively ended the Spanish and French invasion campaign By the middle of October the Franco - Spanish army decided to retreat back into Spain with Lippe and Townshend pursuing them . The Spanish were forced to leave their sick behind and by 24 October the Spanish and French army were back in Spain . There were a few skirmishes along the border as both sides went into Winter quarters but the Spanish would try once more in November at Olivença and Ouguela but they were repelled . On 22 November the Spanish commander Count of Aranda proposed a truce to Lippe and thus the campaign came to a conclusion .
21st Century soldier The " 21st Century soldier " ( Czech : Voják 21 . století ) is Czech Future Soldier military project . The agreement of Czech Ministry of Defence and VOP - 026 Šternberk about the future soldier program was signed in 2004 . Subsystems . Weapon system . The rifle , machine gun , sniper rifle of soldier ' s choice with modular CCD / IR system , laser rangefinder and digital compass mounted on weapon and connected to soldier ' s FCS . This system is supposed to improve soldier ' s fire accuracy and ability to quickly share enemies coordinates with friendly soldiers thanks to radio datalink and GPS receiver . C4I . This subsystem gives ability to receive , transmit , process and save data . This subsystem contains communication devices and miniaturized computer . Communication system is used for data / voice communication with other soldiers or vehicles . The leader of the squad will be equipped with two radio stations and one wide touch screen . Outfit . Outfit consists from uniform that will decrease visible and infrared signatures and low weight ballistic protection vest . Protection mask and suit against WMD . Eyes protection against laser , laser illumination warner , reconnaissance radar and health status sensors . Helmet . Includes small helmet display and one helmet - mounted night vision camera . The display is used to display IR / CCD picture from weapon or helmet camera , digital maps , to display its position or friendly / enemy forces position or computer interface and video or photos . Project progress . The functional prototype was created on the end of 2005 . The final system is supposed to enter service in 2012 .
Castle of Mey The Castle of Mey ( formerly Barrogill Castle ) is located in Caithness , on the north coast of Scotland , about west of John o ' Groats . In fine weather there are views from the castle north to the Orkney Islands . History . The lands of Mey belonged to the Bishops of Caithness . The Castle of Mey was built between 1566 and 1572 , possibly on the site of an earlier fortification , by George Sinclair , 4th Earl of Caithness . Originally a Z - plan tower house of three storeys , it had a projecting wing at the south - east , and a square tower at the north - west . The Castle passed to George Sinclair ' s younger son William , founder of the Sinclairs of Mey , although it later became the seat of the Earls . The Castle ' s name was changed to Barrogill , and it was extended several times , in the 17th and 18th centuries , and again in 1821 when Tudor Gothic style alterations were made , to designs by William Burn . Barrogill passed out of the Sinclair family in 1889 , on the death of the 15th Earl , and in 1928 it was purchased by Captain Imbert - Terry . The Castle was used as an officers ' rest home during the Second World War , and in 1950 the estate farms were sold off . Royal residence . The castle was in a semi - derelict state when , in 1952 , it and its policies ( attached lands ) were purchased by Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother , the widow of King George VI who had died earlier in the year . The Queen Mother set about restoring the castle for use as a holiday home , removing some of the 19th - century additions , and reinstating the Castle ' s original name . She regularly visited it in August and October from 1955 until her death in March 2002 , the last visit being in October 2001 . In July 1996 The Queen Mother made the property , the policies and the farm over to the Queen Elizabeth Castle of Mey Trust , which has opened the castle and garden to the public regularly since her death . It is now open seven days a week from 1 May until 30 September each year , with a closed period of ten days at the end of July and the beginning of August , when Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Rothesay usually stay at Mey . The Trust opened a new Visitors Centre in early 2007 , and the visitor numbers for that year topped 29 , 000 . In fiction . The ruins of Barrogill Castle are the scene of a black mass in the 1966 Nick Carter novel " Spy Castle " .
USS Patrol No . 6 ( SP - 54 ) USS " Patrol No . 6 " ( SP - 54 ) , often rendered as USS " Patrol # 6 " , was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Patrol No . 6 " was built as the private motorboat " Bonita " in 1916 by George Lawley and Son at Neponset , Massachusetts . The U . S . Navy purchased " Bonita " from Herman Oelrichs of Newport , Rhode Island on 16 June 1917 and commissioned her for service in World War I as USS " Patrol No . 6 " ( SP - 54 ) on 29 June 1917 . " Patrol No . 6 " operated in the 2nd Naval District , headquartered at Newport , on patrol throughout the United States ' participation in World War I . She was decommissioned postwar and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 7 November 1919 . She was sold to George A . Crowley of New York City on 19 March 1921 .
Rudkhan Castle Rudkhan Castle ( ; also Rood - khan Castle ) is a brick and stone medieval castle in Iran . Located 25 km southwest of Foman city north of Iran in Gilan province , it is a military complex which had been constructed during the Seljuk Dynasty by followers of the Ismā ' īlī sect . The castle is built on two tips of a mount , with an area of . Its architects have benefited from natural mountainous features in the construction of the fort . The Rudkhan Castle River originates in the surrounding heights and flows from south to north . After crossing a mountainous winding route with dense forests , the first thing that one notices about the castle is its big entrance gate . Rudkhan Castle sits at the two peaks of a mountain at elevations of 715 and 670 metres and contains strong fortifications and battlements at a length of 1 , 550 metres . The castle ' s 42 towers still stand intact .
Speedy - class brig The " Speedy " class brigs were a two - ship class of brig built for the Royal Navy during the later years of the American War of Independence . They survived into the French Revolutionary Wars . Concept . The " Speedy " class was designed in 1781 by the shipbuilder Thomas King , of Dover , a specialist builder of such craft . They were designed with a cutter - type hull , and anticipated the development of a new concept of the brig in naval warfare , that of small , fast escort vessels , instead of the slower but more seaworthy ship - sloop s . Their names were selected to epitomise this approach , , and . Small , light craft , they were 207 Tons bm , and measured ( overall ) and ( keel ) , with a beam of and depth in the hold . Armed with fourteen 4 - pounders , giving a broadside weight of 28 pounds , and twelve ½pdr swivel gun s , they had a crew of 70 . This was broken up into 57 officers , seamen and marines ; 12 servants and boys ; and 1 widow ' s man . Careers . Both ships were completed too late to see any significant service in the American War of Independence , and spent most of the years of peace in British waters . " Flirt " sailed to the Caribbean in 1791 , but was laid up in Deptford in November 1792 , and did not return to service before being sold in 1795 . " Speedy " was still in service on the outbreak of war with revolutionary France and was assigned to the Mediterranean , where she served under a number of distinguished commanders . She was captured in 1794 , but had been retaken within a year . Her last captain , Lord Cochrane , achieved some of his greatest exploits with her , forcing the surrender of a much larger Spanish warship , the " Gamo " , but was forced to surrender her after being pursued by a large French squadron in 1801 . She was donated to the Papal Navy by Napoleon and broken up a few years later .
Milos Stankovic Milos Stankovic MBE ( born 1962 ) , a Major in the British Army , was arrested for treason in December 1997 . He sued the Ministry of Defence for £1 million for the loss of his army career . In November 2007 he was awarded £5 , 000 damages while his costs in the action are estimated at £500 , 000 . Milos Stankovic was born in Southern Rhodesia , a British citizen whose father was a Royalist Yugoslav Serb . He was educated at Plymouth College , where he was head of school , and was commissioned into the Parachute Regiment in 1981 . He served with the British Army in Belize , Northern Ireland and Africa , and with the United Nations forces in Kuwait , Iraq and Bosnia . As a Serbo - Croat speaker he worked closely with General Sir Michael Rose , the commander of the United Nations Protection Force in Bosnia , negotiating with Bosnian Serb leaders . On his return from Bosnia he was arrested by the Ministry of Defence Police on suspicion of betraying state secrets As part of the British element in the United Nations presence in war - torn Bosnia , he ran a Schindler ' s List - type operation smuggling Serb and Croat families out of besieged Sarajevo . The story behind his arrest and the backing down of the accusers and investigators was only revealed in Parliamentary Answers and the book " A Trusted Mole " which he subsequently wrote about his experiences .
Siege of Riga ( 1656 ) Siege of Riga by the Russian Army under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich was the main event of the Russo - Swedish War ( 1656 – 1658 ) . The fortifications of Riga consisted of a wall with ditch and 5 bastions around the old town . In 1652 Swedes had started construction of a new wall with 12 bastions around suburbs , but by 1656 the work had not been completed . The Russian vanguard consisting of the Vladimir v . Vizin reiters , Daniel Krafert infantry and Iunkmann dragoons approached Riga on August 20 and threw back the Swedes under count of Pärnu , Heinrich von Thurn into the city . Von Thurn was either killed , or captured in the action . The Swedes evacuated the suburbs and withdrew to the old town . A few days later , the main army under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich arrived on the ships on the Duna River , and laid siege to Riga . The Russian army occupied three camps , two on the east bank of the Duna in Riga ' s suburbs , and a Corps under Ordyn - Nashokin on the west bank of the Duna , opposite the Kobrun entrenchment . As Russia had no full - fledged navy to intercept reinforcements coming to the Swedish garrison across the Baltic , Riga managed to hold out until October , when foreign officers commanding a small Russian flotilla defected to the other side and the Russians had to lift the siege . In the aftermath of this reverse , the Swedes recaptured much of Ingria , took the Pskov Monastery of the Caves and inflicted a heavy defeat on the Russian general Matvey Sheremetev at Valga in 1657 . The events of the siege were recorded in an engraving by Adam Perelli that was first published in 1697 in Samuel Puffendorf ' s work , " Konung Carl X Gustafs Bragder " .
SS Rakuyo Maru SS was a passenger cargo ship built in 1921 by the Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Engineering Company , Nagasaki for Nippon Yusen Kisen Kaisha . Service history . The troopship was part of Convoy HI - 72 and transporting 1317 Australian and British prisoners of war ( POWs ) from Singapore , when it was torpedoed and sunk in the Luzon Strait by on 12 September 1944 . A total of 1159 POWs died as a result of the sinking . On 15 September , the " Sealion " and other submarines who had participated in the attack returned to the area and rescued 63 surviving POWs ; four died before they could be landed at Tanapag Harbor , Saipan , in the Mariana Islands .
August Chandron August Chandron ( born 15 August 1866 , date of death unknown ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Biography . Born in France , Chandron immigrated to the United States and joined the Navy from New York at age 16 . By November 21 , 1885 , he was serving as a seaman apprentice , second class , on the . On that morning , while " Quinnebaug " was at Alexandria , Egypt , he and another sailor , Boatswain ' s Mate Hugh Miller , jumped overboard and rescued Ordinary Seaman William Evans from drowning . For this action , both Chandron and Miller were awarded the Medal of Honor . He was discharged on his 21st birthday in August 1887 . Chandron ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Quinnebaug " , Alexandria , Egypt , on the morning of 21 November 1885 . Jumping overboard from that vessel , Chandron , with the aid of Hugh Miller , boatswain ' s mate , rescued William Evans , ordinary seaman , from drowning .
Rikugun Ki - 93 The Rikugun Ki - 93 was a prototype Japan ese twin - engined fighter aircraft of the Second World War . Designed by the Army Aerotechnical Research Institute , to be a heavy fighter armed with large calibre cannon to serve in the anti - shipping or bomber - destroyer roles , only one example of the Ki - 93 was completed ; this was damaged on its maiden flight , and destroyed by American bombing before it could be flown again . Development and design . In mid 1941 , a team was set up at the Japanese Army Aerotechnical Research Institute ( or " Rikugun Kokugijutsu Kenkyujo " , known by the abbreviation Giken ) to study advanced military aircraft . The team drew up preliminary designs for a twin - engined heavy fighter for the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force , to be powered by two Mitsubishi Ha - 211 radial engines and estimated to reach a speed of 680 km / h ( 422 mph ) . In July 1942 , the design , along with some of the team from Giken , was passed to the First Army Air Arsenal ( " Dai - Ichi Rikugun Kokusho " or " Kosho " ) at Tachikawa for further development . Here , the design was refined , with more powerful Mitsubishi Ha - 214 radials substituted and a heavy cannon armament added . Approval to build prototypes of the new fighter , designated Ki - 93 , was given on 22 February 1943 . The Ki - 93 was a low - winged monoplane of all metal construction , with the crew of two sitting in tandem under a canopy at the front of the fuselage , and a ventral gondola slung under the fuselage to accommodate large cannons . The wing was of laminar flow section . Two variants were planned , the Ki - 93 - Ia bomber destroyer , armed with a 57 mm and two 20 mm cannon , and the Ki - 93 - Ib anti - shipping aircraft , which would have a 75 mm gun in the gondola and would also carry two 250 kg ( 550 lb ) bombs . The first prototype proved to be overweight , while the new engines gave much less power than expected , delivering only 1 , 970 hp compared with the expected 2 , 700 hp . The Ki - 93 made its first flight on 8 April 1945 from Tachikawa airfield ; a successful 20 minute test of its low - speed handling characteristics , piloted by Lt . Moriya of the " Koku Shinsa - bu " ( Air Examination Department ) with 2nd Lt . Ikebayashi in the second seat . Unfortunately , the pilot undershot the runway and touched down in soft soil , ground - looping the aircraft and tearing off the port undercarriage leg and engine mount , also bending the six - blade propeller . Repairs were completed in four weeks but , the night before the scheduled second test flight , a B - 29 bombing raid on Tachikawa destroyed the hangar housing the aircraft .
Resistance Medal The French Resistance medal ( ) was established by General Charles de Gaulle on 9 February 1943 " to recognise the remarkable acts of faith and of courage that , in France , in the empire and abroad , have contributed to the resistance of the French people against the enemy and against its accomplices since June 18 , 1940 " . History . The Resistance medal was awarded to approximately 38 , 288 living persons and 24 , 463 posthumously , awarded both for membership of the Free French forces and for participation in the metropolitan clandestine Resistance during the German occupation of France in World War II . Higher deeds were rewarded with the " Ordre de la Libération " . The medal ceased to be awarded on 31 December 1947 in Indochina and globally on 31 March 1947 . The medal was also awarded to 18 communities and territories , 21 military units , and to 15 other organizations including convents , high schools , and hospitals . Appearance . The medal , made of bronze , depicts the Cross of Lorraine and the date of General de Gaulle ' s Appeal of 18 June in Roman figures : XVIII . VI . MCMXL on the obverse of the medal . On the reverse are the words " " PATRIA NON IMMEMOR " " ( " the Fatherland does not forget " ) . The medal is suspended from a red ribbon with black stripes . The medal exists in two grades : simple medal , and medal with officier ' s rosette which was awarded to 4 , 253 people .