naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
205th Military Intelligence Brigade ( United States ) The U . S . Army ' s 205th Military Intelligence Brigade ( 205th MI BDE ) and its three battalions have a history dating back to World War II . The brigade has been in a continuous active service since 1944 . The brigade was constituted on 12 July 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 205th Counter Intelligence Corps Detachment . It was allotted to the Regular Army on 6 October 1950 . The unit served during World War II in Northern France , the Rhineland , Ardennes - Alsace and Central Europe . It was reorganized and redesignated as the 205th Military Intelligence Detachment on 25 June 1958 . In Vietnam , the 205th took part in the Tet Offensive ; the Tet 69 / Counteroffensive ; and the Summer - Fall Campaign of 1969 . In October 1983 , the Detachment was consolidated with Headquarters , 135th Military Intelligence Group and redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment , 205th Military Intelligence Group . On 16 October 1985 , the 205th MI Group was redesignated the 205th Military Intelligence Brigade . More than two thirds of the brigade deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina with Task Force Eagle in December 1995 , redeploying to Germany in November 1996 . The brigade continued to provide intelligence support to V Corps , and to the ongoing Joint and Combined Operations in the Balkans , from principal operating bases in Germany and Italy . The 205th MI BDE took part of Operation Iraqi Freedom where it was involved in the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse investigations and resulting scandal , beginning in late 2003 . Major General George Fay initially began the investigation , which was later finished by Lieutenant General Anthony Jones in 2004 . As a result , Colonel Thomas Pappas , commander of the 205th from 2003 to 2005 , received an Article 15 for " dereliction of duty " in his leadership role at the Abu Ghraib prison . He was also relieved of his command in May 2005 , one month shy of his scheduled rotation from that position . Sergeant Samuel Provance , an enlisted intelligence analyst from one of the brigade ' s battalions , also received an Article 15 , for " disobeying a direct order " for speaking to the media during the investigations . Ray Starmann , a former 205th MI BDE intelligence officer and author of the books " " Smoke and Mirrors " " and " " Charlie Foxtrot " " , wrote a scathing critique of the brigade in 2005 in light of revelations from the Abu Ghraib prison investigations , titled , " " Decline and Fall of the 205th MI Brigade " " . " MI just exited stage left – out of a wing at Abu Ghraib prison " . The 205th " cased its colors " on 21 June 2007 and was deactivated .
Combat Fitness Test The Combat Fitness Test is a physical fitness test of the United States Marine Corps , and is used in complement to the USMC Physical Fitness Test . The British Army formerly used a test of the same name which is currently known as the Annual Fitness Test . United States Marine Corps . In the Marine Corps , the Combat Fitness Test has three events : This test was implemented in mid - 2008 by Commandant of the Marine Corps James T . Conway as a more combat oriented version of , but supplement to , the Physical Fitness Test .
Henner Henkel Heinrich Ernst Otto ( Henner ) Henkel ( born 9 October 1915 , Posen , German Empire – died 13 January 1943 at Voronezh ) was a German tennis player . Henkel learned to play tennis at the Rot - Weiss Tennis Club in Berlin and was the German junior champion in 1932 and 1933 . Henkel was the second German , after Gottfried von Cramm , to win the singles title at the French Championships in 1937 . The same year , he and Gottfried von Cramm won the Roland Garros doubles title . Later that year they also won the US Championships doubles title defeating Americans Don Budge and Gene Mako in three straight sets . In March 1937 he became the singles champion at the Cairo International Championships defeating Giorgio de Stefani in the final in straight sets and also won the doubles title partnering Von Cramm . Later that year he won the singles title at the German Championships after a five - sets victory in the final over Vivian McGrath . Two years later , in 1939 , he again won the title after defeating Roderich Menzel in the final in four sets . Between 1934 and 1939 Henkel played 66 matches for the German Davis Cup team in 27 ties . He won 49 matches , lost 17 and was particularly successful in doubles , winning 16 of 20 matches partnering Gottfried von Cramm , Georg von Metaxa and Roderich Menzel . Henner Henkel was killed in action during World War II on the Eastern Front at Voronezh during the Battle of Stalingrad while serving in the Wehrmacht ( German Army ) . Since 1950 the German junior team championship has been called the " Große Henner Henkel - Spiele " and since 1963 a commemorative tournament , " Henner - Henkel - Gedächtnisturnier " , has been held in Erfurt .
156th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 156th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 156th Illinois Infantry was mustered into Federal service on February 16 , 1865 . The regiment was mustered out on September 20 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 2 enlisted men killed in action or mortally wounded and 24 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 26 fatalities .
HMS Bedford ( 1698 ) HMS " Bedford " was a 70 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched at Woolwich Dockyard on 12 September 1698 . She carried twenty - two 24 - pounder guns and four ( 18 - pounder ) culverins on the lower deck ; twenty - six 12 - pounder guns on the upper deck ; fourteen ( 5 - pounder ) sakers on the quarter - deck and forecastle ; and four 3 - pounder guns on the poop or roundhouse . On 8 October 1736 " Bedford " was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt according to the 1733 proposals of the 1719 Establishment at Portsmouth , from where she was relaunched on 9 March 1741 . " Bedford " was hulked in 1767 , and served in this capacity until 1787 , when she was sold out of the navy .
He Zhuguo He Zhuguo ( ; 1897 – 1985 ) was a Kuomintang ( KMT ) general from Rong County , Guangxi . As a commander of a cavalry force under Zhang Xueliang , he escaped assassination by KMT radicals during the Xi ' an Incident by the help of Yang Hucheng . In the People ' s Republic of China , he is celebrated by the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang for his participation in the Second United Front between the KMT and the Communist Party of China against Japanese invaders during the Second Sino - Japanese War .
Nagai Naokatsu After Nobuyasu ' s execution , Naokatsu left Tokugawa service , but later returned , serving at the Battle of Nagakute in 1584 . He fought with distinction at Nagakute , personally killing the enemy general Ikeda Nobuteru . In recognition for his service , he received lordship of the Kasama Domain ( Hitachi Province ) after taking part within the Summer Campaign of Osaka during 1615 , and was then transferred to the Koga Domain ( Shimōsa ) seven years later . Naokatsu died at age 63 in 1625 , and was succeeded by his eldest son Naomasa . Naokatsu ' s descendants eventually came to rule the Kanō Domain in Mino Province , where they remained until the Meiji Restoration .
Gammon bomb The Gammon bomb , officially known as the No . 82 grenade was a British hand grenade used during World War II . Overview . Designed by Capt . R . S . Gammon MC of the 1st Parachute Regiment , the Gammon bomb was developed as a replacement for the temperamental and highly dangerous " sticky bomb " grenade . It consisted of an elasticized stockingette bag made of dark coloured material , a metal cap , and an ' Allways < nowiki > [ < / nowiki > " sic " < nowiki > ] < / nowiki > fuze ' , the same fuze as found in the No . 69 grenade and No . 73 Grenade . Unlike conventional grenades , the Gammon bomb was flexible in the amount and type of munition that could be delivered to a target . For anti - personnel use , a small amount of plastic explosive ( about half a stick ) , along with shrapnel - like projectiles if available , would be placed in the bag . However , against armoured fighting vehicle s or other armoured targets , the bag could be completely filled up with explosives , making an unusually powerful grenade which could only be thrown safely from behind cover . Using the Gammon bomb was very simple . After filling the stockingette bag with explosive , the screw - off cap was removed and discarded . Removing the screw - off cap revealed a stout linen tape wound around the circumference of the fuze . The linen tape had a curved lead weight on the end . While holding the lead weight in place with one finger ( to prevent the linen tape from unwinding prematurely ) the grenade was then thrown at the target . When the Gammon grenade was thrown , the weighted linen tape automatically unwrapped in flight , pulling out a retaining pin from the fuze mechanism . Removal of the retaining pin freed a heavy ball - bearing and striker inside the fuze , which was then held back from the percussion cap only by a weak creep spring . In this manner the Allways fuze became armed in flight . Impact with the target gave the heavy ball - bearing a sharp jolt - overcoming the weak resistance of the creep spring - that slammed the striker against the percussion cap . The percussion cap fired directly into the adjacent detonator , which in turn sent a violent shockwave into the main explosive filling contained inside the stockingette bag . Detonation of a Gammon grenade was instantaneous on impact with the target , i . e . there was no time - delay . Gammon bombs were primarily issued to special forces such as paratrooper s who were issued plastic explosive routinely . These units found the Gammon bomb to be particularly useful due to its small size and weight when unfilled , as well as its adaptability . Gammon bombs were declared obsolete in the early 1950s , at which point all existing stocks were destroyed . Typically , any examples encountered today will be in the form of unexploded ordnance or inert examples held in museum collections .
George Weedon George Weedon ( 1734 – 1793 ) was an American soldier during the Revolutionary War from Fredericksburg , Virginia . He served as a Brigadier General in the Continental Army and later in the Virginia militia . Weedon served as a Lieutenant under George Washington in the French and Indian War , mainly assigned to garrison duty in western Virginia . After the war , he moved to Fredericksburg and opened a tavern . It was within Weedon ' s tavern that Thomas Jefferson in January 1777 wrote the Statute of Religious Freedom ; the very first document of its kind to acknowledge government recognition of religious tolerance . In 1775 , he was made a Lieutenant Colonel and second in command to Hugh Mercer . They were tasked with creating the 3rd Virginia Regiment , Virginia Line , Continental Army . He was promoted to colonel in 1776 and succeeded Mercer in command of his regiment . On Mercer ' s death at Princeton , Weedon was promoted to Brigadier General in 1777 and again succeeded him . He fought in the Battles of Trenton , Brandywine , and Germantown . At Valley Forge , Weedon commanded a brigade in Nathanael Greene ' s division . His brigade included Stewart ' s 13th Pennsylvania Regiment along with the 2nd , 6th , 10th , and 14th Virginia regiments . In 1778 , he resigned after a dispute with the Congress over seniority . He went home to Virginia to lead a brigade of the state ' s militia at the request of Governor Thomas Jefferson . He led his militia unit in the Yorktown campaign , where his brigade successfully repelled the feared and infamous unit of Colonel Banastre Tarleton , thus closing the one means of British escape at Gloucester Point .
Bangor Air Defense Sector The Bangor Air Defense Sector ( BaADS ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command 26th Air Division , being stationed at Topsham Air Force Station , Maine . It was inactivated on 1 April 1966 . History . BaADS was established in January 1957 assuming control of former ADC Eastern Air Defense Force units with a mission to provide air defense of Maine and most of Vermont and New Hampshire . The organization provided command and control over several aircraft and radar squadrons . On 1 March 1959 the new Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) Direction Center ( DC - 05 ) became operational . DC - 15 was equipped with dual AN / FSQ - 7 Computer s . The day - to - day operations of the command was to train and maintain tactical flying units flying jet interceptor aircraft ( F - 94 Starfire ; F - 102 Delta Dagger ; F - 106 Delta Dart ) in a state of readiness with training missions and series of exercises with SAC and other units simulating interceptions of incoming enemy aircraft . The Sector was inactivated 1 April 1966 as part of ADC reorganization and consolidation , most units being reassigned to 26th Air Division . Missile Squadron . 30th Air Defense Missile Squadron ( BOMARC )
Grazing Fire Grazing fire is a term used in military science and defined by NATO and the US Department Of Defense as “ Fire approximately parallel to the ground where the center of the cone of fire does not rise above one meter from the ground . ” Grazing fire is often performed by machine guns . It is tactically advantageous when attempting to cut off an infantry ground assault or counter - attack . Grazing fire is when the cone of fire from a machine gun does not exceed 1 . 8 meters ( the average height of a man ) above the ground . When each bullet is fired , it will leave the barrel of the weapon at the axis of bore set from the angle of sight desired to strike the target area . The trajectory of the round should be constant as well as maximum ordinate . Maximum ordinate is the highest point of the trajectory , which is usually 2 / 3 the distance to the target from the weapon . Depending on the caliber of the round being fired and the slope of the terrain , as well as the distance to the target , the bullet will maintain a semi - flat trajectory . With 7 . 62 x 51 NATO ammunition , which is most commonly used with , for example , the M240 machine gun , the bullet will reach a distance of 600 meters traveling at 900 meters per second or 2 , 800 feet per second , before it begins a pronounced downward trajectory to the earth . Any distance beyond that range will be considered plunging fire due to the arc ( axis of bore + angle of sight ) needed to impact the target area . Grazing fire is so named because it cuts the vegetation low as though a herd of cattle had been grazing there . The optimal height of fire should be at knee height . In addition to keeping the enemy pinned down , anybody wounded or going to cover will fall into the line of fire not out of it .
James N . Miller James Northey Miller , Jr . ( born August 15 , 1959 ) is the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy and provides advice to the Secretary of Defense . He was born in Waterloo , Iowa . In 2000 , he was awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service . Dr . Miller received a B . A . degree with honours in economics from Stanford University , and Master ’ s and Ph . D . degrees in public policy from the John F . Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University . A member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies , Dr . Miller has served as an advisor to the Combating WMD Panel of DoD ’ s Threat Reduction Advisory Committee and the Defense Science Board , as senior associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies , and as senior associate member at St . Antony ’ s College , Oxford . In 2000 he received the Department of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service . Previous positions include serving as senior professional staff member for the House Armed Services Committee ( 1988 - 1992 ) , assistant professor at Duke University ( 1992 - 1997 ) ; Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Requirements , Plans , and Counterproliferation Policy ( 1997 - 2000 ) ; and Senior Vice President ( 2003 - 2007 ) and Vice President ( 2000 - 2003 ) at Hicks and Associates , Inc . . He also served as Senior Vice President and Director of Studies at the Center for a New American Security ( 2007 - 2009 ) , Dr . Miller served as Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy before he was confirmed by the U . S . Senate as the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy on May 25 , 2012 . He serves as the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy and provides advice and assistance to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of Defense on all matters concerning the formulation of national security and defense policy and the integration and oversight of DoD policy and plans to achieve national security objectives .
George Gordon , 4th Earl of Huntly George Gordon , 4th Earl of Huntly ( 1514 – 28 October 1562 ) was a Scottish nobleman . Biography . He was the son of John Gordon , Lord Gordon , and Margaret Stewart , daughter of James IV . George Gordon inherited his earldom and estates in 1524 at age 10 . As commander of the King ' s Army he defeated the English at the Battle of Haddon Rig in 1542 , was a member of the council of Regency under James Hamilton , 2nd Earl of Arran and Cardinal Beaton and succeeded as Chancellor on the murder of Beaton in 1546 . He was captured at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh in 1547 , but escaped and in 1550 accompanied Mary of Guise to France . He joined the Lords of the Congregation in 1560 and was prepared to accept Mary , Queen of Scots , until she transferred the Earldom of Moray , which had been given to the Earl of Huntly in 1549 , to her half - brother Lord James Stewart , at which point he withdrew to his estates in the North - East of Scotland . Mary , Queen of Scots , toured the north - east in August 1562 , and was refused entry to Inverness Castle on Gordon ' s orders . The Queen ' s forces captured the Castle before moving to Aberdeen where she issued a summons for Gordon . He refused to answer and was outlawed . He marched on Aberdeen but was defeated by James Stewart , 1st Earl of Moray at the Battle of Corrichie in October 1562 . He died of apoplexy after his capture , and his son , Sir John was executed in Aberdeen . Huntly was posthumously forfeited by parliament in May 1563 . After his death his body and goods seized at Strathbogie Castle were shipped from Aberdeen to Edinburgh . The body stood for the earl at his trial . The goods were taken to Holyrood Palace . When Mary was imprisoned at Lochleven , she was given the earl ' s cloth - of - estate . Family . On 27 March 1530 he married Elizabeth Keith , daughter of Robert Keith , Master of Marischal , by whom he had nine sons and three daughters , including ;
Md Abdul Mubeen General Md Abdul Mubeen took over as the chief of army staff of Bangladesh Army on 15 June 2009 replacing General Moeen U Ahmed who finished his four - year tenure of service and retired . Mubeen was promoted to the rank of general from lieutenant general with effect from that day . Gen Mubeen served as GOC in Jessore and Chittagong and on June 4 in 2008 , he was made Principal Staff Officer to the Armed Forces Division . Education and Appointment . He was a student of Mirzapur Cadet College . He was commissioned at the Regiment of Infantry of Bangladesh Army on 30 November 1976 . General Mubeen is a graduate of both Defence Services Command and Staff College ( DSCSC ) and National Defence College ( NDC ) at Mirpur , Dhaka . Career . General Mubeen served in various capacities at a battalion level , including commanding two Infantry Battalions and an Infantry Brigade . At the staff level , he served as Brigade Major ( Operation Staff ) in an Independent Infantry Brigade Headquarters , General Staff Officer First Grade ( Operation Staff ) in Infantry Division Headquarters and in Bangladesh Military Academy , Private Secretary to the Chief of Army Staff and Director of Military Training Directorate at the Army Headquarters . The General also held the important appointment of Director General of Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies ( BIISS ) and Principal Staff Officer ( PSO ) , Prime Minister ’ s Office , Armed Forces Division ( AFD ) . He was Commandant of the Defence Services Command & Staff College . He has commanded two Infantry Divisions , Jessore and Chittagong , as the General Officer Commanding ( GOC ) . In the international platform , the General rendered his service as a peacekeeper in the capacity of Chief of Staff ( Northern Region ) in United Nations Operation in Mozambique ( ONUMUZ ) . As an army officer , General Mubeen has completed various training programs and attended workshops and seminars in at least 15 countries , including India and China . Positions Held . As Chief of Army Staff of the Bangladesh Army , General Mubeen holds various positions outside his direct office , including President of Bangladesh Olympic Association and Kurmitola Golf Club and Chairman of the army - controlled Trust Bank Ltd . Personal life . General Mubeen is married to Syeda Sharifa Khanom , and have two sons and a daughter . His elder son is a third generation army officer ; General Mubeen ' s father was an army officer as well . He enjoys golfing as a pastime , and was a decorated player in the Army Hockey Team during his early days .
John Campbell Ross John Campbell Ross ( 11 March 1899 – 3 June 2009 ) was at the time of his death Australia ' s oldest man and the last Australian veteran of the First World War ( Claude Choules who was also living in Australia until his own death was a veteran of the Royal Navy ) . He was the last surviving Australian man born in the 19th Century . Born in Newtown , Victoria , a suburb of Geelong , Ross served as a wireless operator in the First Australian Imperial Force , enlisting in January 1918 , but never left Australia or saw active service . He later went on to serve in the Second World War as a corporal with the 20th Battalion , Volunteer Defence Corps . His wife , Irene ( née Laird ) , had been deceased by several decades before Jack Ross ' s death . He is survived by a son , Robert , a daughter , Peggy Ashburn , four grandchildren - Janette , Heather , Kay , and John – and nine great - grand children . On 11 November 1998 , Jack Ross had been awarded the 80th Anniversary Armistice Medal to mark the end of World War I . Jack also had been awarded the Centenary Medal for doing his share to the Australian society in the 100 years since the federation . The death of William Evan Allan in October 2005 left Ross as the last Australian digger from World War I . However Claude Choules , a World War I veteran who served for Britain , lived in Western Australia . Ross became Australia ' s oldest man at the age of 108 , on 12 June 2007 , upon the death of Frank Scarrabelotti . Following the death of 112 - year - old E . Beatrice Riley , he was verified as the oldest person in Australia . Ross celebrated his 110th birthday with chocolates and cake and a commemorative letter from the Prime Minister of Australia Kevin Rudd . As a civilian , Ross worked for Victorian Railways until he retired in 1964 . Ross died peacefully in his sleep at approximately 4 am . at the Golden Oaks Nursing Home in Bendigo on 3 June 2009 , aged 110 .