naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
37th ( North Hampshire ) Regiment of Foot The 37th ( North Hampshire ) Regiment of Foot was raised in Ireland in February 1702 . During the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 - 46 the regiment fought at the Battle of Falkirk ( 1746 ) where it was commanded by Sir Robert Munro , 6th Baronet and later at the Battle of Culloden where it was commanded by Col . Dejean . Initially called Meredyth ' s Regiment , it was ranked the 37th Foot in 1747 . Until the year 1751 it also used the names of its seven later Colonels ( including Edward Montagu ) and in 1751 became formally the 37th Regiment of Foot , with the North Hampshire distinction being added in 1782 . The regiments ' battle honours include ; Blenheim , Ramillies , Oudenarde , Malplaquet , Dettingen , Minden and the Peninsula Campaign . The Regiment was merged , in 1881 , with the 67th ( South Hampshire ) Regiment of Foot to become the Hampshire Regiment . The 37th became the 1st Battalion and the 67th became the 2nd Battalion .
K VIII - class submarine The " K VIII " class submarine was a three boat class of submarine s of the Koninklijke Marine ( Royal Netherlands Navy ) . The class varied from " K V " class submarine due to the removal of two external torpedo tubes , which were removed to reduce the boats ' vulnerability to depth charging . The boat had a diving dept of 50 meters . All ships were still in service at the start of World War II . During the war " K IX " was transferred to the Royal Australian Navy and Renamed to " K9 " .
25th Division ( South Vietnam ) The 25th Division of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam ( ARVN ) — the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975 — was part of the III Corps that oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital , Saigon . It was based at Cu Chi to the west of the city centre .
60 Squadron SAAF 60 Squadron SAAF is a squadron of the South African Air Force . It is a transport , aerial refuelling and EW / ELINT squadron . It was first formed at Nairobi in December 1940 . During its first years the squadron flew the British Aircraft Double Eagle , Martin Maryland , de Havilland Mosquito , and the Lockheed Ventura . The squadron was reequipped with Boeing 707s in 1986 . While it was based for a long period at AFB Waterkloof , Pretoria , due to ongoing runway and taxiway repairs at that base , the squadron operated temporarily for a period out of Johannesburg International Airport . Operations wound down with the last operational Boeing 707 flight flown on 10 July 2007 to Bujumbura , Kinshasa and Kindu . The squadron appears to be in limbo , with conversion to the Airbus A400M cancelled .
Grand Fleet The Grand Fleet was the main fleet of the British Royal Navy during the First World War . History . It was formed in August 1914 from the First Fleet and elements of the Second Fleet of the Home Fleet s and it included 35 – 40 state - of - the - art capital ship s . It was initially commanded by Admiral Sir John Jellicoe . He was succeeded by Admiral Sir David Beatty in 1916 . The Grand Fleet was based first on Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands and later at Rosyth on the Firth of Forth and only took part in one fleet action during the war – the indecisive Battle of Jutland . In April 1919 the Grand Fleet was disbanded with much of its strength forming a new Atlantic Fleet . Order of battle . Not all the Grand Fleet was available to put to sea at any one time , because ships required maintenance and repairs . For a list of the ships which were part of the Grand Fleet at the time of the Battle of Jutland in May 1916 see the article Order of battle at Jutland . The order of battle of the Grand Fleet at the end of the war appears in Naval order of 24 October 1918 . Actual strength of the fleet varied through the war as new ships were built and others were sunk , but the numbers steadily increased as the war progressed and the margin of superiority over the German fleet progressed with it . After the United States entered the war , United States Battleship Division Nine was attached to the Grand Fleet as the Sixth Battle Squadron , adding four , and later five , dreadnought battleships .
Col . Gail Halvorsen Award The Colonel Gail Halvorsen Award is bestowed each year upon a member of the United States Air Force in the air transportation career field . In order to be eligible for this award , the individual must be an Active Duty , Reserve , or Nation Guard Air Transportation member . Further , the " Nominee must be performing Air Transportation duties that directly support airlift or tanker flying operations and / or personnel , demonstrate sustained excellence , and have exemplary conduct and character . " The call message for award nominees also states that the individual must display an exceptional proficiency in air transportation duties , such as reducing process time of missions , the ability to adjust to extraordinary work duties , have the ability to solve problems in challenging situations , and provide self - improvement efforts . Background of Col . Halvorsen . Col . Gail Halvorsen served in the U . S . Air Force during World War II in the Atlantic from 1944 to 1946 as a C - 47 and as a C - 54 transport pilot . In 1948 Col . Halvorsen volunteered for the mission , Operation Vittles , which many may know as the Berlin Airlift . During this mission he flew the C - 54 delivering food , coal , and necessary supplies to the citizens of Berlin , which was blockaded by the soviets . During this tour , Col . Halvorsen began his own mission , operation Little Vittles , in which he dropped parachutes containing candy to the children of both east and west Berlin . Thus , he was nicknamed the " Candy Bomber " and the " Chocolate Pilot . " This act of compassion for the children of the blockaded city began the notion of humanitarian airlift . Quotes . " Too often the ground Personnel are taken for granted or overlooked in major air events that are outcome centered . . . " Col . Gail S . Halvorsen
Chaiyasit Shinawatra Chaiyasit Shinawatra ( born 1945 ) is a former commander - in - chief of the Royal Thai Army . General Chaiyasit was transferred from the Army to become a special advisor to the Supreme Command Headquarters under the administration of Prime Minister Chuan Leekpai . In August 2001 , General Chaiyasit was promoted to deputy commander of the Armed Forces Development Command . In August 2002 , he was promoted to the post of deputy commander - in - chief . As a cousin of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra , his unexpected appointment was criticised as an act of nepotism . Both General Chaiyasit and the Defence Minister , General Chavalit Yongchaiyudh , denied accusations of nepotism . " If I ' m appointed to a significant post in the Army because of my connection with the prime minister , I won ' t have any friends left in the armed forces , " said Chaiyasit . Gen Chavalit said that Thaksin would not interfere with any high - level military reshuffles , and " It ' s a shame that the prime minister ' s name was tainted by such a groundless rumour . " General Chaiyasit replaced General Surayud Chulanont ( who was promoted to become supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces ) as commander - in - chief in August 2003 . He was replaced as army chief in 2004 , succeeded by Prawit Wongsuwan , and was transferred to Supreme Command . Chaisit was then replaced as supreme commander in 2005 , succeeded by Gen . Ruangroj Mararanont .
Bureau of Construction and Repair The Bureau of Construction and Repair was the part of the United States Navy which from 1862 to 1940 was responsible for supervising the design , construction , conversion , procurement , maintenance , and repair of ships and other craft for the Navy . The bureau also managed shipyards , repair facilities , laboratories , and shore stations . On June 20 , 1940 , Congress passed a law which consolidated the Bureau ' s functions with those of the Bureau of Engineering , creating the Bureau of Ships ( BuShips ) . History . The Bureau was staffed by officers of the Construction Corps ( called constructors ) with advanced degrees in naval architecture . Six civilian constructors were hired by the Navy in 1794 to supervise construction of the frigates authorized by Congress that year . The Bureau of Construction , Equipment , and Repairs was established in 1842 as one of the five original material bureaus replacing the former Board of Navy Commissioners . In 1862 , Congress decided to replace the Bureau into three new organizations : the Bureau of Construction and Repair , the Bureau of Steam Engineering ( later called the Bureau of Engineering ) , and the Bureau of Equipment . The Bureau of Construction and Repair was established by Congress by an act of July 5 , 1862 ( 12 Stat . 510 ) . The new organization , headed by a Chief of the Bureau , was responsible for all aspects of ship construction , except for propulsion systems , which were the responsibility of the Bureau of Engineering ; and equipage , which fell under the Bureau of Equipment . The Construction Corps was created in 1866 to be staffed by constructors graduated from the United States Naval Academy cadet - engineer curriculum implemented in 1864 . The Construction Corps provided permanent naval status for personnel who had formerly been employed in a civilian capacity on an as - needed basis . Naval constructors gained the rank and recognition previously available to doctors of the Medical Corps and pursers of the Supply Corps . Two cadet - engineers of the Naval Academy class of 1879 , Frances Bowles and Richard Gatewood , set the standard for postgraduate education of Construction Corps officers . Bowles and Gatewood completed postgraduate work in England in the developing science of naval architecture . The postgraduate program shifted to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1901 . The Bureau of Equipment was discontinued in 1910 , and formally abolished in 1914 . Its functions were divided between the Bureau of Construction and Repair and the Bureau of Steam Engineering . These two bureaus were placed under the supervision of the Coordinator of Shipbuilding in 1939 , and were superseded by the Bureau of Ships in 1940 . The " engineering duty only " ( EDO ) designation of Bureau of Engineering officers expanded to include naval architects of the Construction Corps when the Bureau of Ships was formed in 1940 . Chiefs of the Bureau . Individuals who served as Chief of the Bureau include : Notes . " This article includes public - domain text from the United States ' National Archives . "
Valkenburg Castle Valkenburg Castle is a ruined castle in Valkenburg aan de Geul , Netherlands . History . In the year 1115 , fortifications were erected at the site by Gosewijn I , Lord of Valkenburg . This original wooden keep survived until 1122 when it was destroyed under siege by Henry V , Holy Roman Emperor . The castle was rebuilt in the following centuries but was again destroyed in a siege , this time by Jan III , Duke of Brabant . The current ruins are those of the castle rebuilt in the 14th century . The castle was blown up during the Franco - Dutch War , in 1672 , by the army of King - Stadtholder Willem III to prevent it falling into French hands . References . Kransber , D . & H . Mils , " Kastelengids van Nederland , middeleeuwen " , Bussem 1979 ( ISBN 90 228 3856 0 ) Kalkwiek , K . A . , A . I . J . M . Schellart , H . P . H . Jansen & P . W . Geudeke , " Atlas van de Nederlandse kastelen " , Alphen aan den Rijn 1980 ( ISBN 90 218 2477 9 ) Helsdingen , H . W . van , " Gids voor de Nederlandse kastelen en buitenplaatsen " , Amsterdam 1966 Tromp , H . M . J . , " Kijk op kastelen " Amsterdam 1979 ( ISBN 90 10 02446 6 )
Scott Duncan Adam Scott Mattheson Duncan ( 2 November 1888 – 3 October 1976 ) was a Scottish footballer and manager . Career . Playing career . Born in Dumbarton , Duncan was working as a law clerk when he joined his home - town club Dumbarton in 1906 . He moved to Newcastle United in March 1908 for a fee of £150 . A versatile forward , although primarily an outside - right , he scored 12 times in 81 league games for the Magpies and was a member of the 1908 – 09 Football League championship winning side . In May 1913 , he returned to Scotland , moving to Rangers for a fee of £500 . He remained with Rangers during World War I , in which he served as a signalling instructor in the Royal Field Artillery . He also played two wartime games for Celtic . In 1918 he rejoined Dumbarton and in the 1920 close season signed for Cowdenbeath . In 1922 he rejoined Dumbarton for a third time , but retired at the end of the 1922 – 23 season . Managerial and coaching career . Scott Duncan was appointed as secretary - manager of Hamilton Academical in the summer of 1923 . He left in October 1925 to take over as secretary - manager of Cowdenbeath and had seven successful years at the club , keeping them in the Scottish First Division throughout his time in charge . In June 1932 he was appointed as secretary - manager of Manchester United . Despite spending a lot of money on players , United were almost relegated to the Third Division in the 1933 – 34 season . However , Duncan turned things around and lead United to the Second Division championship in the 1935 – 36 season . However , they were relegated the following season and , in September 1937 , he resigned to become manager of Ipswich Town , who were then a Southern League side . At the end of the 1938 – 39 season Ipswich were elected into the Football League despite finishing third in the Southern League . Scott Duncan remained with Ipswich Town as manager for 18 years , winning the Third Division ( South ) title in the 1953 – 54 season . However , Town were relegated the following season and Duncan stood down as manager in August 1955 season when Alf Ramsey took over . He remained as secretary for three further years . He was honoured with a testimonial match at the end of the 1957 – 58 season against Norwich City at Portman Road , which Ipswich won 3 – 1 . He returned to live in Scotland in his retirement until his death in 1976 , at the age of 87 .
62nd Indian Infantry Brigade The 62nd Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II . It was formed in November 1943 , and assigned to the 19th Indian Infantry Division The brigade fought in the Burma Campaign and remained with the 19th Division until the end of the war .
James Rhea James Rhea ( fl . 1791 – 1812 ) was a native of New Jersey , and was lieutenant and adjutant of " Rhea ’ s levies " in 1791 . He was ensign and second lieutenant of infantry in 1799 , and was promoted to first lieutenant in 1800 . He was commissioned a captain in July , 1807 , and resigned at Fort Wayne as a result of his actions during the Siege of Fort Wayne .
Bombing of Nagoya in World War II The Bombing of Nagoya in World War II by the United States Army Air Forces took place as part of the air raids on Japan during the closing months of the war . History . The first was a strategic bombing on April 18 , 1942 as part of the Doolittle Raid . A B - 25 bomber targeted the Mitsubishi Aircraft Works , the Matsuhigecho oil warehouse , the Nagoya Castle military barracks , and the Nagoya war industries plant . The second was the precision bombing on December 13 , 1944 , the target of which was a Mitsubishi military factory . On January 3 , 1945 , there was a general firebombing of the city . On January 14 , 1945 , Mitsubishi plants were attacked again . On March 11 or 12 ( sources vary ) and March 19 , 1945 , there were large air raids and widespread firebombing . On April 7 , 1945 , another precision bombing hit and destroyed most of the Mitsubishi Aircraft Engine Works . On May 14 and 16 , 1945 , there were large air raids and widespread firebombing that targeted the Mitsubishi factories and other war industries , the arsenal , railroad freight yards , and the seaport . Nagoya Castle , a national treasure which was being used as a military command post , was also hit during the May 14 raid and burned down . Nagoya was targeted for incendiary bombing because it was the center of the Japanese aircraft industry at the time . The city produced between forty to fifty percent of Japan ' s combat aircraft ' s and engines . Nagoya housed a port capable of holding 38 ships of up to 10 , 000 tons . Nagoya also produced equipment for the war effort including but not limited to railway equipment , ball bearings and processed food . During the winter of 1944 and spring of 1945 there were also random single - bomber attacks that were used as psychological warfare to disrupt the city and damage the morale of the citizens . It is estimated that 113 , 460 buildings were destroyed during the raids , with 3 , 866 people killed and 471 , 701 driven from their homes .
Academy Sergeant Major The Academy Sergeant Major is the senior non - commissioned officer instructor at a military academy . At the British Army ' s Royal Military Academy Sandhurst , the AcSM holds the rank of Warrant Officer Class 1 and his appointment is the third most senior WO appointment in the British Army ( after the Conductors , Royal Logistic Corps and the Royal Artillery Sergeant Major , Royal Artillery ) . He is always a guardsman . At the Australian Defence Force Academy , the ASM also holds the rank of Warrant Officer Class 1 or equivalent and is drawn on rotation from all three services .
Truce of Łęczyca The Truce of Łęczyca was signed during the Polish – Teutonic War ( 1431 – 1435 ) between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order in Łęczyca on 15 December 1433 ( this has also led some Polish historians to divide this Polish – Teutonic War into two wars , in 1431 – 1433 and in 1435 ) . The Teutonic Knights , pressured by the citizens of their lands , agreed to the 12 - year old truce to other Polish demands , including that the Order would cease support to Švitrigaila ( a Lithuanian noble who attempted to break the Polish - Lithuanian union with the aid of the Order ) ; in addition each side would control the territories it occupied until a peace would be signed ( " uti possidetis " ) , and no party would seek mediation of foreign powers to change this truce . This marked the end of the war on Polish territories ; the struggle on Lithuanian lands would continue for two more years ( as the truce with Poland did not extend to the Livonian Order ) .
Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes The Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes , also known as the Winter Battle of the Masurian Lakes , was the northern part of the Central Powers ' offensive on the Eastern Front in the winter of 1915 . The offensive was intended to advance beyond the Vistula River and perhaps knock Russia out of the war . Background . German Chief of Staff Erich von Falkenhayn strongly believed that the war was going to be won on the Western Front and was hesitant to lend support to Paul von Hindenburg , commander of the Eastern Front . However Falkenhayn did eventually sanction Hindenburg ' s planned offensive . Hindenburg would personally lead the northern offensive in the area of the Masurian Lakes ( site of the 1914 Battle of the Masurian Lakes ) . General Alexander von Linsingen would lead an attack against the Russians in the Carpathians aimed at Lemberg , and further south General Borojevic von Bojna would attempt to relieve the besieged fortress at Przemysl . Forces . Hindenburg had available for the northern offensive the German Eighth Army , commanded by Otto von Below . A newly created force , the German Tenth Army , commanded by Colonel - General Hermann von Eichhorn was also being sent to the east . Facing Hindenburg was General Sievers ' Russian Tenth Army in the area of the Masurian Lakes . To the south along the Russian line near the Masurian Lakes was the Russian Twelfth Army under Pavel Plehve . Battle . On the February 7 , in the middle of a snowstorm , Below ' s Eighth Army launched a surprise attack against Sievers and advanced 70 miles within the week , inflicting severe casualties on the Russians . The Russian withdrawal was disorderly and many of them were taken prisoner . The greatest loss came when the Russian 20th Army Corps , under General Bulgakov , had become surrounded by the German Tenth Army in the Augustow Forest . On February 21 the entire corps surrendered . Even though the Russians had lost an entire corps , its heroic stand had enabled the rest of the Russian Tenth Army to form a new defensive position . On February 22 , the next day , Plehve ' s Russian Twelfth Army counterattacked and checked the German advance . The counterattack ended any further German advances and brought the battle to an end . Outcome . The Second Battle of Masurian Lakes ended the German offensive in the north . The Russians had suffered severe losses of soldiers and ground , but they had prevented the Germans from advancing far into Russia . Germany had also failed to come close to knocking Russia out of the war . Further south , Alexander von Linsingen ' s offensive had failed with severe losses , and the fortress at Przemysl had been forced to surrender to the Russians . Overall the Austro - Hungarian – German offensive of 1915 had failed to achieve its major objectives . The German high command ended operations in which Germans operated as an independent force , supporting Austrian campaigns in the south . From this point onwards in the war , Germany and Austria - Hungary functioned under joint operations on the Eastern Front .
HSwMS Saga HSwMS " Saga " was a steam corvette of the Royal Swedish Navy . " Saga " was used for training sailors . During the winter season she served as a depot ship for the recruit unit . " Saga " was used as a cadet vessel from 1878 to 1887 , and from 1894 to 1909 , later being used as a barracks ship . She was decommissioned in 1926 . Her propeller is displayed outside the Naval Museum in Karlskrona .
Army ranks of the Japanese Empire during World War II The following tables present the rank insignia of the Japanese military before and during World War II . These designs were worn on shoulders as passant s between the years 1911 and 1938 , then on collar s afterwards until 1945 , when the Imperial Japanese Army was dissolved . The same officer ranks were used for both the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy , the only distinction being the placement of the word " Rikugun " ( Army ) or " Kaigun " ( Navy ) before the rank . Thus , for example , a Captain in the navy shared the same rank designation as that of a Colonel in the Army - " Taisa " ( Colonel ) , so the rank of " " Rikugun Taisa " " denoted an Army Colonel while the rank of " " Kaigun Daisa " " denoted a Naval Captain .