naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Bolt ( firearms ) A bolt is a mechanical part of a firearm that blocks the rear of the chamber while the propellant burns , but moves out of the way to allow another cartridge or shell to be inserted in the chamber . In manually operated firearms , such as bolt - action , lever - action , and pump - action rifles and shotguns , the bolt is held fixed by its locking lugs during firing , forcing all the expanding gas forward , and is manually withdrawn to chamber another round . In an automatic or semi - automatic firearm , the bolt cycles back and forward between each shot , propelled by recoil or expanding gas ( back ) or the recoil spring ( forward ) . When it moves back , the extractor pulls the spent casing from the chamber . When it moves forward , it strips a cartridge from the magazine and pushes it into the chamber . Once the case is clear of the chamber , the ejector kicks the case out of the weapon . The extractor and firing pin are often integral parts of the bolt . The slide of a semi - automatic pistol is a form of bolt .
Isabella MacDuff , Countess of Buchan Isabella MacDuff , Countess of Buchan ( probably died 1313 – 14 ) was a significant figure in the Wars of Scottish Independence . She was the daughter of Donnchadh III , Earl of Fife , and Johanna de Clare , daughter of Gilbert de Clare , 6th Earl of Hertford . She was married to John Comyn , Earl of Buchan and thus was the Countess of Buchan . After Robert the Bruce killed John III Comyn , Lord of Badenoch at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries , the Earl of Buchan joined the English side in the Scottish Wars of Independence . Isabella took the contrary view . According to tradition , the ceremony of crowning the monarch was performed by a representative of Clan MacDuff , but Isabella arrived in Scone the day after the coronation of Robert the Bruce in March 1306 . However , the Bruce agreed to be crowned for a second time the day after , as otherwise some would see the ceremony as irregular , not being performed by a MacDuff . Bruce was defeated at the Battle of Methven in June 1306 , so he sent Isabella and his female relatives north , but they were betrayed to the English by Uilleam II , Earl of Ross . Edward I of England ordered her sent to Berwick - upon - Tweed with these instructions : " " Let her be closely confined in an abode of stone and iron made in the shape of a cross , and let her be hung up out of doors in the open air at Berwick , that both in life and after her death , she may be a spectacle and eternal reproach to travellers . " " She was imprisoned in this cage for four years , then moved to the Carmelite friary at Berwick . This was not necessarily a humanitarian move ; it is suggested that by this stage Bruce was gaining support , his female relatives were potentially valuable hostages , and the English did not want them to die of ill - treatment . The last clear mention of her is being transferred again in 1313 , her eventual fate is uncertain . Most of Bruce ' s female relatives returned to Scotland when they were exchanged for English nobleman captured after the Battle of Bannockburn , but there is no mention of her in the records , so she had probably died by then . Mary Bruce was treated in a similar fashion at Roxburgh Castle . Isabella in fiction . She is the subject of the novel " Kingdom of Shadows " by Barbara Erskine and the short story " Proud Lady in a Cage " by Fred Urquhart . She is also included in " Girl in a Cage " by Jane Yolen . She was also the subject of a song " Isabel " by Steeleye Span ( recorded on their album " Back in Line " ) which claims without foundation that she was Bruce ' s lover ( and also gets some chronology confused ) . She is a character in " Rebel King - Book One - Hammer of the Scots " , a series of novels on the Chronicles of Robert the Bruce , by Charles and Carolyn Bruce . She is also a character in Nigel Tranter ' s Bruce trilogy , which , probably unhistorically , has her returning to Scotland after Bannockburn . She is also a character in the series of books written by Romance writer Monica McCarty ( the " Highland Guard " Novels ) . Isabella MacDuff is the main character in the 4th book of the series titled " The Viper "
Jewish Ghetto Police Jewish Ghetto Police ( German : ' , ' ) , also known as the Jewish Police Service and referred to by the Jews as the Jewish Police , were the auxiliary police units organized in the Jewish ghettos of Europe by local Judenrat councils under orders of occupying German Nazis . Overview . Members of the " " did not have official uniform s , often wearing just an identifying armband and a badge , and were not allowed to carry firearm s . They were used by the Germans primarily for securing the deportation of other Jews to the concentration camps . The " Jüdischer Ordnungsdienst " were Jews who usually had little prior association with the communities they oversaw ( especially after the roundups and deportations to extermination camps began ) , and who could be relied upon to follow German orders . The first commander of the Warsaw ghetto was Józef Szeryński , a Polish - Jewish police colonel . He changed his name from Szenkman and developed an anti - Semitic attitude . Szerynski survived an assassination attempt carried out by a member of the Jewish police , Yisrael Kanal , who was working on behalf of the underground Jewish Combat Organization . In ghettos where the Judenrat was resistant to German orders , the Jewish police were often used ( as reportedly in Lutsk ) to control or replace the council . One of the largest police units was to be found in the Warsaw Ghetto , where the Jüdischer Ordnungsdienst numbered about 2500 . The Łódź Ghetto had about 1200 , and the Lviv Ghetto 500 . The Polish - Jewish historian and the Warsaw Ghetto archivist Emanuel Ringelblum has described the cruelty of the ghetto police as " at times greater than that of the Germans , the Ukrainians and the Latvians . "
USS Helen Euphane ( SP - 403 ) USS " Helen Euphane " ( SP - 403 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel and minesweeper in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Helen Euphane " was built as a commercial fishing boat of the same name in 1902 by E . J . Tull at Pocomoke City , Maryland . On 23 May 1917 , the U . S . Navy purchased her from the Eubank Tankard Company of Kilmarnock , Virginia , for use as a section patrol vessel and minesweeper during World War I . The Eubank Tankard Company delivered her to the Navy on 5 June 1917 . Her first commanding officer was Lieutenant , junior grade , Rowland G . Foster , USNRF . Assigned to the 5th Naval District and based at Norfolk , Virginia , " Helen Euphane " operated as a patrol boat and minesweeper in Hampton Roads and the lower Chesapeake Bay for the remainder of World War I . The Navy sold " Helen Euphane " back to the Eubank Tankard Company on 15 April 1919 .
Mark R . Hamilton Mark R . Hamilton is an American academic , and the immediate past president of the University of Alaska . Hamilton graduated with his Bachelors degree from the U . S . Military Academy . He received his Masters degree in English Literature from Florida State University . In addition he graduated from the Armed Forces Staff College in Virginia , and the U . S . Army War College in Pennsylvania . In 1998 he was selected to be President of the University of Alaska System . Prior to this position , Hamilton served in the United States Army where he earned the rank of Major General . His last major military duty post was as head of recruiting for the Army . He retired with 31 years of service and accepted the president ' s position at UA soon after .
21st Marching Regiment of Foreign Volunteers The 21st Marching Regiment of Foreign Volunteers ( ) was a formation of the French Army from 1939 to June 26 , 1940 . When established the 21st Marching Regiment of Foreign volunteers was established as a separate entity from the Foreign Legion , however its veterans have since been recognized as members of the French Foreign Legion . History . The regiment was formed in 1939 from foreign volunteers wishing to serve France .
Wilhelm Oxenius Major Wilhelm Oxenius ( 9 September 1912 - 13 August 1979 ) was a German Wehrmacht officer during World War II . He served as an aide to Colonel General Alfred Jodl during World War II as a staff officer at the Operations Directorate of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht . He was also an Operations Officer for Panzergruppe West in France in June 1944 . He is notable for being a member and translator of the delegation that signed the German unconditional surrender at Reims on 7 May 1945 with Colonel General Jodl and General Admiral Hans - Georg von Friedeburg . He was a prisoner of war from 10 May 1945 to 3 January 1948 and died aged 66 .
French ship Tage The Tage ( " Tagus " ) was a 100 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . She was laid down as " Polyphème " in 1824 , renamed " Saint Louis " , and eventually " Tage " . She was launched only in 1847 . From 1857 to 1858 , she was converted to steam ship . She was used as a prison ship for the insurgents of the Commune of Paris , and later was used to ferry prisoners to New Caledonia . She served as a hulk before being scrapped in 1896 .
Robert D . Booker Robert D . Booker ( July 11 , 1920 – April 9 , 1943 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . Biography . Booker joined the Army from his birthplace of Callaway , Nebraska in June 1942 , and by April 9 , 1943 was serving as a private in the 133rd Infantry Regiment , 34th Infantry Division . On that day , near Fondouk , Tunisia , he advanced alone across open terrain despite intense hostile fire and began firing on the enemy with his machine gun . After being wounded , he continued to fire until receiving a second , fatal , wound . For these actions , he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor a year later , on April 25 , 1944 . Booker , aged 22 at his death , was buried at Rose Hill Cemetery in his hometown of Callaway , Nebraska . Medal of Honor citation . Private Booker ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of life above and beyond the call of duty in action . On 9 April 1943 in the vicinity of Fondouk , Tunisia , Pvt . Booker , while engaged in action against the enemy , carried a light machinegun and a box of ammunition over 200 yards of open ground . He continued to advance despite the fact that 2 enemy machineguns and several mortars were using him as an individual target . Although enemy artillery also began to register on him , upon reaching his objective he immediately commenced firing . After being wounded he silenced 1 enemy machinegun and was beginning to fire at the other when he received a second mortal wound . With his last remaining strength he encouraged the members of his squad and directed their fire . Pvt . Booker acted without regard for his own safety . His initiative and courage against insurmountable odds are an example of the highest standard of self - sacrifice and fidelity to duty .
34th Aviation Brigade ( United States ) The Combat Aviation Brigade , 34th Infantry Division is a unit of the Minnesota Army National Guard . The Combat Aviation Brigade ( CAB ) , 34th Infantry Division is an Army National Guard brigade that supports the 34th Infantry Division and the State of Minnesota by providing aviation assets for both federal and state active duty missions . The aviators of the CAB fly the UH - 60 Black Hawk and CH - 47 Chinook helicopters . The CAB also maintains the AH - 64 Apache and OH - 58 Kiowa helicopters via support from non - Minnesota based detachments of the 834th Aviation Support Battalion . The CAB Headquarters is stationed in St . Paul , MN . While under state control , the brigade consists of the following aviation elements : The brigade also controls the following additional units :
Battle of Cornwall The Battle of Cornwall was a Spanish raid on Cornwall in 1595 during the Anglo - Spanish war of 1585 - 1604 . It was conducted by a Spanish naval squadron from Brittany , France . Landings . Carlos de Amesquita commanded three companies of arquebusier s ( about 400 men in total ) and four galley s ( " Nuestra Señora de Begoña " , " Salvador " , " Peregrina " and " Bazana " ) from the fleet under Pedro de Zubiaur . He sailed from Port Louis , Brittany , on 26 July . After calling at Penmarch , they sank a French barque manned by an English crew and with a cargo bound for England . Amesquita ' s forces eventually landed at Mount ' s Bay , Cornwall on 2 August . Amesquita was guided by English Catholic Richard Burley of Weymouth . The local militia s , which formed the cornerstone of their anti - invasion measures and numbered several hundred men , threw down their arms and fled in panic . Only Francis Godolphin , Deputy Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall and commander of the militias along with 12 of his soldiers stood to offer some kind of resistance . In two days the Spanish took all they needed , burning Penzance and the villages of Mousehole , Paul , Newlyn as well as taking cannons from the forts in the area and re - mounting them on their fleet . The town of Penzance had also been bombarded by the Spanish galleys ; 400 houses were destroyed and three ships were sunk . At the end of the campaign a traditional Catholic mass was held on British soil and , on re - embarking soon afterwards on 4 August , the Spanish commander promised to build a Catholic church on its site once England had been conquered . He then left all his prisoners ashore and evaded a fleet sent against them under Francis Drake and John Hawkins . On 5 August Amesquita met a Dutch squadron of 46 ships , sinking two of the Dutch ships and causing much damage to the others but also suffering casualties ( 20 men killed ) before the rest of the Dutch ships escaped . He then stopped at Penmarch for repairs and finally arrived back at Port Louis on 10 August .
Lambert ' s Point Deperming Station Lambert ' s Point Deperming Station is a United States Navy deperming facility located in the Elizabeth River just off Lambert ' s Point , Norfolk , Virginia , United States . It was built in the mid - 1940s and services the U . S . Atlantic Fleet . The station , which is administered by Naval Station Norfolk , consists of two parallel pile - supported piers , roughly 1140 ft . ( 345 m . ) in length , which form a slip that can accommodate all Navy and Coast Guard ships up to and including the largest warships afloat , the " Nimitz " class aircraft carriers . There is a second pier for smaller vessels and support craft . The station has administrative offices and a medical clinic on site . When viewed from the air , the pier configuration resembles the number 41 . In January 2006 , a storm caused a barge on the Elizabeth River to break free of its tether and crash into the piers , causing slight damage to the station .
Dustin R . Donica Dustin R . Donica ( July 11 , 1984 - December 28 , 2006 ) was an American soldier who is believed to have been the 3 , 000th U . S . soldier to die in the Iraq War . He was killed on December 28 , 2006 in Baghdad . As a teenager , he attended Klein High School in Klein , Texas , near Houston .
26th Reserve Division ( German Empire ) The 26th Reserve Division ( " 26 . Reserve - Division " ) was a unit of the Imperial German Army , in World War I . The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 as part of the XIV Reserve Corps . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . The division was raised in the Kingdom of Württemberg . Combat chronicle . The 26th Reserve Division spent World War I on the Western Front . It fought in the Battle of the Frontiers and then participated in the Race to the Sea , fighting in the Somme region . It occupied the line in the Somme / Artois region into 1916 , facing the British offensive in the Battle of the Somme . It was relieved from the Somme in October 1916 and spent the winter of 1916 - 1917 in the Artois . In 1917 , it fought in the Battle of Arras . In 1918 , it fought in the German Spring Offensive and against the subsequent Allied offensives and counteroffensives . Allied intelligence rated the division as first class . Order of battle on mobilization . The order of battle of the 26th Reserve Division on mobilization was as follows : Order of battle on March 20 , 1918 . The 26th Reserve Division was triangularized in January 1917 . Over the course of the war , other changes took place , including the formation of artillery and signals commands and a pioneer battalion . The order of battle on March 20 , 1918 was as follows :
French galley La Réale ( 1538 ) La Réale was a French Royal galley of the 16th century . In 1544 , Captain Polin , " Général des galères " ( " General of the galleys " ) , took five French galleys , including the superb Réale to Constantinople , accompanying Barbarossa ' s fleet , on a diplomatic mission to Suleiman the Magnificent , in execution of the Franco - Ottoman alliance . The French fleet accompanied Barbarossa during his attacks on the west coast of Italy on the way to Istanbul , as he laid waste to the cities of Porto Ercole , Giglio , Talamona , Lipari and took about 6 , 000 captives , but separated in Sicily from Barbarossa ' s fleet to continue alone to the Ottoman capital . Jerôme Maurand , a priest of Antibes who accompanied Polin and the Ottoman fleet in 1544 , wrote a detailed account in " Itinéraire d ' Antibes à Constantinople " . They arrived in Constantinople on 10 August 1544 to meet with Suleiman and give him an account of the campaign . Polin was back to Toulon on 2 October 1544 .
858th Radar Squadron The 858th Radar Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 26th Air Division , Aerospace Defense Command , stationed at Fallon Air Force Station ( Naval Air Station Fallon ) , Nevada . It was inactivated on 30 June 1975 . The unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of the United States . Lineage Assignments Stations
Zastava M88 The Zastava M88 is a semi - automatic handgun produced by Zastava Arms , Serbia . Features . Based on the design specs , the pistol is an improved version on the previous Tokarev - based M57 and M70A pistols , with the main difference being that it ' s chambered in 9x19mm Parabellum , making it more convenient for exporting . A variant of the pistol , called the M88A features an external safety on the slide . Usage . The M88 saw limited use as a service pistol with the Yugoslav police and military forces but was replaced by the higher capacity CZ 99 series , while sometimes used as a training pistol in some military training camps in Serbia . Since then it was widely available for civilian use . The M88 is also exported to the United States As of 2011 M88A are imported in U . S . A . by K - VAR / FIME Group
Anton Myrer Anton Olmstead Myrer ( November 3 , 1922 – January 19 , 1996 ) was an American author , known best for writing the historical fiction military novel " Once An Eagle " ( 1968 ) . Early years and military service . Born in Worcester , Massachusetts , on November 3 , 1922 , to Raymond Lewis and Angele E . Myrer , he grew up in Boston , graduating from Boston Latin High School in 1940 . He prepared at Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire before entering Harvard College in September 1941 with the Class of 1945 . His studies were interrupted , however , after the December 7 , 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor . Soon after the attack , he , like many of his college peers , sought to enroll in the Army Reserve but was rejected . In 1942 , he enlisted and was accepted by the United States Marine Corps . He participated in the Battle of Guam and the occupation of the remaining Mariana Islands afterwards . He was wounded in Guam and was promoted to the rank of corporal before being discharged in 1946 . Education , marriage , and writing . He returned to Harvard and graduated magna cum laude with an A . B . two years after his original classmates in May 1947 . In August 1947 , he married artist Judith Rothschild and relocated to California . Random House published his first novel " Evil Under the Sun " in 1951 . To support his family , he continued to work a number of low - paying , unskilled jobs . In 1957 , his novel " The Big War " , published by Appleton - Century - Crofts , was financially and critically successful , resulting in the 1958 film screenplay he wrote with Edward Anhalt re - titled " In Love and War " , starring Robert Wagner and Bradford Dillman . In 1960 , the Myrers moved back to the Northeast to a country home in Saugerties , NY , and a summer home on Cape Cod , Massachusetts . Little , Brown published " The Violent Shore " ( 1962 ) and " The Intruder " ( 1965 ) . Myrer ’ s most successful novel , " Once An Eagle " , was published in 1968 by Holt , Rinehart and Winston , during the Vietnam War . He separated from his wife and divorced her in 1970 . Soon afterward he married Patricia Schartle ( May 21 , 1923 – June 26 , 2010 ) . He wrote three more novels : " The Tiger Waits " ( 1973 published by Norton ) ; " The Last Convertible " ( 1978 published by Putnam ) ; and " A Green Desire " in ( 1981 also published by Putnam ) . Anton Myrer died on January 19 , 1996 , of leukemia , at the age of 73 . He was survived by his widow .
Alcazaba of Antequera The Alcazaba of Antequera is a fortress in Antequera , Spain . It was erected in the 14th century to counter the Christian advance from the north , over Roman ruins . The fortress is rectangular in shape , with two towers . Its keep ( Spanish : " Torre del homenaje " , 15th century ) is considered amongst the largest of Moorish al - Andalus , with the exception of the Calhaorra in Gibraltar . It is surmounted by a Catholic bell tower / chapel ( " Templete del Papabellotas " ) added in 1582 . Connected to the former by a line of walls is the " Torre Blanca " ( " white tower " ) .
Hans - Günther Bethke Hans - Günther Bethke ( 20 May 1913 – 14 September 1942 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Hans - Günther Bethke was killed on 14 September 1942 near Leningrad .
7th Carrier Air Group The 7th Carrier Air Group was part of the Fleet Air Arm and was formed on 30 June 1945 . It was based on the aircraft carrier HMS " Indefatigable " for service in the British Pacific Fleet and contained No . 820 NAS flying the TBF Avenger , No . 887 NAS and No . 894 NAS flying the Supermarine Seafire and No . 1770 NAS flying the Fairey Firefly . It was disbanded in March 1946 .
USS Montgomery ( 1776 ) USS " Montgomery " was a three - masted , wooden - hulled sailing frigate and one of the first 13 ships authorized by the Continental Congress on 13 December 1775 . She was built by Lancaster Burling at Poughkeepsie , N . Y . ; launched late in October 1776 ; but , because of the British capture of New York City during the Battle of Brooklyn and the closing of the Hudson River , was never completely finished and was later destroyed . Probably build to Joshua Humphreys ' s standard design for the 24 - gun frigates for a vessel 120 ' 6 " ( g . d ) x 32 ' 6 " x 10 ' 6 " ( h ) mounting 24 x 9 - pounder guns . History . The " Montgomery " was named in honor of fallen general Richard Montgomery who at the commencement of the American Revolution was a British soldier who had sided with the Americans , later commissioned brigadier general by George Washington in the fall of 1775 . Montgomery was later killed by British artillery during the failed assault on Quebec , 31 December 1775 . To prevent its capture and use by the British the frigate was burned on 6 October 1777 .