naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Bury Castle , Somerset Bury Castle is an Iron Age hill fort and 12th medieval century castle near Selworthy , Somerset , England . History . Iron Age . Bury Castle was built as a promontory fort , situated over the meeting of the River Exe and River Haddeo . Hill forts developed in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age , roughly the start of the first millennium BC . The reason for the emergence of hillfort s in Britain , and their purpose , has been a subject of debate . It has been argued that they could have been military sites constructed in response to invasion from continental Europe , sites built by invaders , or a military reaction to social tensions caused by an increasing population and consequent pressure on agriculture . The dominant view since the 1960s has been that the increasing use of iron led to social changes in Britain . Deposits of iron ore were located in different places to the tin and copper ore necessary to make bronze , and as a result trading patterns shifted and the old elites lost their economic and social status . Archaeologist Barry Cunliffe has argued that while widespread war was not typical during the period , hill forts reflected the tensions at the time , and did provide defensive strongholds when conflicts broke out , as well as playing an important political role for the new elites . The Bury Castle hillfort covers in internal area . The main enclosure has a single rampart and ditch , with steep drops on the north , east and south sides . There is an additional rampart to the west , with a deep ditch . The rampart is revetted with drystone walling . Medieval period . In the late 1130s , a civil war , known as the Anarchy , broke out in England between the supporters of King Stephen and the Empress Matilda . A motte and bailey castle was built on the Bury Castle side , probably by William de Say . In 1198 Richard I confirmed that Brompton should be part of the inheritance of Matilda . The motte measures and was placed on the southern tip of the promontory , with the bailey beyond around across . Today . Bury Castle is today protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument and owned by the National Trust . It has been added to the Heritage at Risk register due to vulnerability from scrub or tree growth .
Abraham K . Allison Abraham Kurkindolle Allison ( December 10 , 1810 – July 8 , 1893 ) was a Florida businessman and politician . He served in the Florida Territorial Legislature and the Florida State House of Representatives . He served as the sixth Governor of Florida , at the end of the American Civil War . Early life . Allison was born in Jones County , Georgia , on December 10 , 1810 , to Captain James and Sarah Fannin Allison . After he graduated from school , he worked as a merchant in Columbus , Georgia , and in Henry County , Alabama . He then moved to Apalachicola , Florida , where he served as the city ' s first mayor . He also served as the first county judge of Franklin County and as Clerk of the United States Court . He was a member of the Territorial Legislature . In the Seminole War , he was captain of the Franklin Rifles . He moved to Quincy , Gadsden County in 1839 and there commenced the practice of law . In 1843 , he built a Georgian colonial home in Quincy . In 1989 it became the Allison House Inn , a bed and breakfast . Early political career . He was again elected to the Territorial Legislature , and represented Gadsden County in the State Legislature in 1845 , 1847 and 1852 . As Speaker of the House , he assumed the duties of acting Governor on September 16 , 1853 , because both Governor Thomas Brown and Senate President R . J . Floyd were out of the state . He gave up the office on the inauguration of James E . Broome on October 3 . Allison did not exercise executive powers and merely held himself in readiness should a need arise . He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1861 . He served during the Confederacy in the Florida State Senate from 1862 through 1864 . Governorship and later life . After Governor John Milton committed suicide on April 1 , 1865 , Allison , as the state senate president , assumed the office of Governor . He resigned his office on May 19 , 1865 , and went into hiding the day before Federal troops formally occupied Tallahassee . He was captured by Union forces on June 19 , 1865 and held for several months at Fort Pulaski . After his release , he returned to Quincy to practice law . During the election of 1870 , Allison led a band of armed men to block black voters from the polls until they closed . This nearly eliminated the Republican majority in Gadsden County . In 1872 , he was convicted of " intimidating Negroes " for this incident and jailed for six months and fined . He died in Quincy , Florida , on July 8 , 1893 .
Babo Airfield Babo Airfield is a disused airfield located on the southern shore of Maccluer Gulf at Babo in Indonesia . The airfield is located in an isolated low - lying swamp area . History . The airfield was built by the Dutch in the late 1920s or 1930s . It was the final stop for KLM airlines in Dutch New Guinea . After the Pacific War with Japan broke out in December 1941 , a Royal Australian Air Force engineering party with the assistance of the Dutch upgraded the airstrip for military use . First attacked by Japanese H6K Emily s on December 30 , 1941 , leaving 3 dead and 14 wounded , including a number of children . Three RAAF No . 13 Squadron Lockheed Hudson bombers were sent there to act as ' fighters ' , this temporary duty was regarded to be against enemy flying boats while the Dutch KNIL garrison of approximately 200 rushed to improve area defenses and create a clearing for a second runway . The Japanese 2nd Detachment landed at Babo on April 2 , 1942 and occupied the town . Most of the Dutch soldiers escaped to Australia . The airfield was developed into a major base used by both the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy units in the Vogelkop Peninsula , staging to other airfields to the south Aru and Kai Islands or east to New Guinea . The Japanese built a second ' hardtop ' runway creating two strips of 4 , 530 ' and 2 , 660 ' respectively . Naval troops constructed 15 bomber and 24 fighters with more under construction . The base largely escaped any Allied bombing until mid - 1943 . The aerial units based at Babo opposed the American landings at Biak , but suffered heavy losses . The 24th Sentai lost 20 pilots and 40 planes while based at Babo in only 30 days then were withdrawn . The 202nd Kokutai was temporarily withdrawn from Babo for defense of Truk , then returned to Babo in June 1944 . They lost 12 planes defending Biak , and were then disbanded . By mid - 1944 , the base was in range of medium bombers and strafers from the United States Army Air Forces 5th Air Force , and came under heavy attack . Neutralized from the air around October 1944 , and never liberated by Allied forces . Tons of American and Australian bombs hit airfield . Many of its aircraft were destroyed by parafrag bombs . Japanese ground crews even sawed off the engines from wrecked planes , in a desperate attempt to ward off further attacks , and used hulks to fill in bomb craters . Isolated from resupply or rescue , the remaining Japanese occupied the area until the end of the war .
Battle of Ichirai The Battle of Ichirai was fought in 1539 between two rival factions of the Shimazu clan . Shimazu Katsuhisa , who presided over the Shimazu family , did not have a son and he was driven out by Shimazu Sanehisa , who was the head of another branch , the Sasshū ( 薩州家 ) . Sanehisa then laid claim to be the head of the clan without being properly recognized by the rest of the families . Katsuhisa asked Shimazu Tadayoshi for help to regain his position , and Tadayoshi sent his son Shimazu Takahisa to be adopted by Katsuhisa as a condition for his help . In 1526 , Katsuhisa handed over the position of the head of the family to Takahisa . However , it was not until 1539 , at the Battle of Ichirai , when Tadayoshi defeated Katsuhisa ( who would regain power later ) that Takahisa came to be recognized by all members of the Shimazu clan as the head .
HMAS Carroo HMAS " Carroo " was a lighter of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) between 1942 and 1946 during World War II . Built for G . S . Yuill , London , she was sold to the Adelaide Steamship Company in September 1897 . She was requisitioned by the RAN in June 1942 until she was returned to her owners in 1946 . She was sold in 1954 to Hopewell Steam Shipping Company Ltd , Maryborough and was renamed " Kgari " . She was scuttled at Roy Rufus Reef , Hervey Bay on 19 September 1976 . Construction and design . Built in 1897 by Edward Bros . , North Shields for G . S . Yuill based at London . Operational service . Bought in September 1897 by the Adelaide Steamship Company and was rebuilt in 1904 . She was gutted by fire on 8 March 1920 and rebought from the underwriters and refitted in 1921 . She was requisitioned by the RAN in June 1942 for service as a lighter during World War II and she was returned to her owners at the end of hostilities . She was sold in 1954 to Hopewell Steam Shipping Company Ltd and renamed " Kgari " . Fate . She was scuttled at Roy Rufus Reef , Hervey Bay on 19 September 1976 .
Maintenance Command , Indian Air Force Maintenance Command IAF is a command of the Indian Air Force . It was raised as Maintenance Group at Chakeri in Kanpur in 1950 . in 1955 , It was designated as Maintenance Command . Its current headquarters is located at Vayusena Nagar in Nagpur ( Maharashtra ) , it handles the repair , overhaul and maintenance of all aircraft , helicopters and other equipment . MC has about Nine Base Repair Depots taking care of the overhaul and mainenance of various types of aircraft . The command ' s Base Repair Depots include :
HM LST - 413 USS " LST - 413 " was an built for the United States Navy during World War II . LST - 413 was laid down on 10 October 1942 at Baltimore , Maryland by the Bethlehem - Fairfield Company ; launched on 10 November 1942 , then transferred to the United Kingdom and commissioned on 5 January 1943 . LST - 413 saw no active service in the United States Navy . She was decommissioned and returned to United States Navy custody on 11 April 1946 and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 10 June 1947 . On 5 December 1947 LST - 413 was sold to Bosey , Philippines .
USS Chingachgook ( SP - 35 ) USS " Chingachgook " ( SP - 35 ) was a motorboat acquired by the United States Navy during World War I . She was outfitted as an armed patrol craft for the 3d Naval District and assigned to patrol New York City waterways . Unfortunately , after several months of operation by the Navy , an on - board gasoline explosion destroyed the craft . A fast motorboat for the era . " Chingachgook " — a fast ( ) motorboat — was built in 1916 by the Greenport Basin and Construction Company of Greenport , Long Island , New York . World War I service . Her owner — T . W . Brigham of Greenport — had her armed as a patrol craft as part of the preparedness movement then active in the United States . She was acquired by the Navy for World War I service in May 1917 , and on 6 June 1917 she was placed in commission as USS " Chingachgook " ( SP - 35 ) , named after James Fenimore Cooper ' s " Last of the Mohicans " character , and assigned to the 3d Naval District for patrol duty . The boat briefly performed patrol service in the New York City area , but on 31 July 1917 her gasoline tank exploded , injuring members of the crew and igniting the ship . A survey of 13 October found her hull worthless and beyond repair . Decommissioning and disposal . Decommissioned at the beginning of October , her remains were disposed of by burning on 19 February 1918 .
HMS Hilary ( 1908 ) HMS " Hilary was a combined passenger / cargo vessel and originally named SS " Hilary . During the First World War , it was commissioned into the Royal Navy and in 1917 was sunk by a German submarine . The ship was constructed in 1908 for the Booth Steamship Company to operate on the Europe / South America route , and carrying 200 first - class and 300 third - class passengers . On the outbreak of the First World War , the ship was requisitioned by the Royal Navy for conversion to an armed merchant cruiser and assigned to the 10th Cruiser Squadron . She formed part of the Northern Patrol blockading trade to Germany . It was torpedoed and sunk west of Lerwick , Shetland Islands by the German submarine whilst " Hilary " was leaving her patrol area to refuel at the naval base at Scapa Flow .
Joseph Napier ( USCG ) Joseph Napier , a station keeper for the United States Lifesaving Service founded the lifesaving station at St . Joseph , Michigan in 1876 . He operated the station for many years and was credited with many dangerous and heroic rescues . Prior to joining the Life - saving service Napier was Chicago ` s harbormaster , and ship ' s captain . While in Chicago , in 1854 , Napier led the rescue of the crew of a wrecked schooner , and was awarded an inscribed gold watch . The duties of a station - keeper included recruiting and training a boat crew of local volunteers , and , when vessel was a risk , to lead the boat crew in rowing to stricken vessels to rescue their crews . The station - keeper and his crew were expected to try to rescue mariners even if it meant rowing into gale - force winds , shattering waves , and dangerous currents . The rescue boat would be kept on a wagon in a special boat house . During a rescue the crew would tow the wagon with the boat to the nearest relatively safe place to launch . In one heroic rescue , on his crew ' s third transit to a stricken schooner , Napier was thrown overboard and seriously injured his leg . He was nevertheless able to lead his crew to rescue the last two stricken seamen . USCGC " Joseph Napier " . In 2010 when the Coast Guard decided that all the new Sentinel class cutters would be named after Coast Guard personnel who had been recognized for their heroism Napier was one of those to be honored . The eleventh cutter in the class will be named the USCGC " Joseph Napier " . She will be homeported in Key West , Florida .
Thales Watchkeeper WK450 Watchkeeper WK450 is an unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV ) for all weather , Intelligence , Surveillance , Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance ( ISTAR ) use by the British Army , provided under an £800 million contract awarded in July 2005 to Thales . Overview . The Watchkeeper WK450 is based on the Elbit Hermes 450 UAV . The engine is a rotary Wankel engine . It has a mass of 450 kg and a payload capacity of 150 kg , with a typical endurance of 17 hours . It was originally intended to enter service in June 2010 . The Watchkeeper is built in the UK by a joint venture company , UAV Tactical Systems ( U - TacS ) , set up by the Israeli company Elbit Systems ( 51 % ownership ) and French company Thales . UAV Engines Ltd , who build the rotary engine in the UK , is a wholly owned subsidiary of Elbit Systems . The majority Israeli ownership has caused some unexpected problems obtaining U . S . export authorisation for some components . History . On 15 July 2007 , the UK MoD revealed that 54 Watchkeepers will be delivered to the British Army . The average cost to the taxpayer is therefore £800m divided by 54 aircraft , approximately £15m per platform . However , this figure includes construction of new basing facilities at Boscombe Down airfield , ground training facilities and simulators at the School of Artillery , Viking armoured vehicles and other equipment for tactical parties , ground control stations , development and testing of extensive aircraft modifications including automatic take - off and landing and the integration and provision of new sensors including radars . Watchkeeper ' s first UK flight took place on Wednesday 14 April 2010 from ParcAberporth in Wales . In October 2010 , the contract was extended by a further 18 months , and the delivery date slipped . Deployment by the Royal Artillery is said to be imminent in 2013 , though certification by the Military Aviation Authority is still awaited . As of 2013 , the programme is running about three years late ; in September , release to service approval was expected to be granted before the end of the year . The Royal Artillery has a future aspiration to weaponise Watchkeeper .
Soviet partisan group 1941 – 44 Soviet partisan group ( 1941 — 1944 ) ( ) , was the smallest organisational form of the Soviet partisan units , the principal organisational form in the initial phase ( 1941 — 1942 ) of the partisan war in the German rear . The partisan groups were formed by the Soviet and Communist bodies on the German occupied territories and in the Soviet rear . By the objective and formation , the partisan groups could be of the special kind : « special » ( NKVD ) , diversionist , recon and others . In the Spring 1942 , with the personnel influx into the partisan units and with the urban underground groups going into the forests , the number of the partisan groups soared , and the groups began to be expanded to the complements of the partisan detachments . During Winter 1941 — Spring 1942 , new 150 detachments were formed from the groups , during Summer 1942 , another 121 .
Second Mithridatic War The Second Mithridatic War ( 83 – 81 BC ) was one of three wars fought between Pontus and the Roman Republic . The second Mithridatic war was fought between King Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman general Lucius Licinius Murena . At the conclusion of the First Mithridatic War , Sulla had come to a hasty agreement with Mithridates that allowed the latter to remain in control of his Kingdom of Pontus , but relinquishing his claim to Asia Minor and respecting pre - war borders . Murena , as Sulla ' s legate , was stationed in Asia as commander of the two legions formerly under the command of Gaius Flavius Fimbria . Murena invaded Pontus on his own authority claiming that Mithridates was re - arming and posed a direct threat to Roman Asia Minor . After several inconclusive skirmishes , Mithridates inflicted a minor defeat on Murena and forced his withdrawal from Pontus . Peace was restored on the orders of Sulla . This was followed by the Third Mithridatic War . post - Hadrian annalist survives in retrieved fragments , from books XXVI , XXVIII , XXXIII , XXXV and XXXVI of his history , in 5th century uncials of African origin at the bottom of a " ter scriptus " manuscript palimpsest : see L . D . Reynolds ( ed . ) " Texts and Transmission : A Survey of the Latin Classics " ( Oxford , 1983 ) . References . Ancient sources . - ed . Michael Flemisch " Grani Liciniani quae supersunt " ( G . B . Teubner , Stuttgart , 1904 ; reprint 1967 ) - ed . N . Crinti ( Leipzig , 1981 ) 9th century epitome in the ΒΙΒΛΙΟΘΗΚΗ of Photius of Byzantium ( codex 224 ) - ed . René Henry " Photius Bibliothèque " Tome IV : Codices 223 - 229 ( Association Guillaume Budé , Paris , 1965 ) , pp . 48 – 99 : Greek text with French translation - ed . K . Müller " FHG III " , 525 : Greek text with Latin translation - ed . F . Jacoby " FGrH " no . 434 : Greek text , detailed commentary in German - ed . K . Müller " FHG III " , 602ff . - ed . F . Jacoby " FGrH " no . 257 - English translations and commentary by William Hansen , " Phlegon of Tralles ' Book of Marvels " ( University of Exeter Press , 1996 ) Modern works . Abbreviations " RE " = " Real - Encyclopädie der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft " , eds . Pauly , Wissowa , Kroll Major studies . Shorter articles & summaries .
RV Melville R / V " Melville " – originally built as the USNS " Melville " ( T - AGOR - 14 ) - - is a research vessel operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography for oceanographic research . The R / V Melville is the oldest active vessel in the academic research fleet , collectively known as the University - National Oceanographic Laboratory System ( UNOLS ) . Construction . The second ship to be so named by the Navy , " Melville " ( AGOR 14 ) was laid down on 12 July 1967 by the Defoe Shipbuilding Company in Bay City , Michigan , launched on 10 July 1968 ; sponsored by Mrs . Elford A . Cederberg , wife of Congressman Elford Cederberg ; and was completed and delivered to the Navy on 1 August 1969 , when she was placed in service with the Military Sea Transportation Service as USNS " Melville " ( T - AGOR 14 ) chartered to the Scripps Institute of Oceanography for operation . Though often listed as a " Robert D . Conrad " - class oceanographic research ship the ship is of an entirely different appearance , design and size as evidenced by " Melville " ' s 2 , 944 vs . " Conrad ' s " 1 , 370 loaded displacement , dimensions of 279 ' X 46 ' X 16 . 6 ' as opposed to " Conrad ' s " 208 ’ 10 ” X 37 ’ 5 ” X 15 ’ 2 ” , general appearance and layout and , most distinctly , completely different propulsion systems and capabilities . " Melville ' s " original system was a cycloidal system with propulsion later modified to an advanced system of twin 1 , 385 hp diesel electric engines driving 1 , 385 hp Z - Drive Lips with a 900 hp Retractable Azimuthing Thruster allowing the ship to move 360° under main engines while " Conrad ' s " was single screw 2 , 500shp diesel - electric with a retractable azmuthing bow thruster . Designation . " Melville " was named for George Melville , a pioneer arctic explorer and Rear Admiral in the United States Navy , who was Chief of the Bureau of Steam Engineering from 1887 to 1903 . Operating personnel . A crew of 23 keeps the ship operational , and up to 38 scientists can be accommodated for the purposes of the scientific expedition . Operational history . During a career now in its fourth decade , " Melville " has cruised over almost all the World ' s oceans in the pursuit of scientific knowledge . Modernized in the early 1990s , " Melville ' s " hull was lengthened , increasing her displacement to 2670 tons ( full - load ) , and a new propulsion system was installed . Sister ship . " Melville ’ s " sister ship is the R / V " Knorr " , best known as the ship which located the wreck of the RMS " Titanic " in 1985 , which was also launched in 1968 . Role in the movie “ King Kong ” . The " Melville " was used in the 1976 movie King Kong , starring Jessica Lange . It was used specifically because of its Hypoid propulsion drive ( at that time ) , which allowed it to move sideways . This type of drive is used , on research vessels , for station keeping in the ocean over drill and coring sites .
Naval Facility Bermuda USN Tudor Hill , 1954 – 1995 . The US Navy operated a listening post from Tudor Hill , in Southampton , Bermuda from 1954 til the closure of US bases in 1995 . This base remotely monitored sensors designed to listen for submarines moving through the Atlantic . There was some hope that the base would survive the end of the Cold War , and the base closures of 1995 . It was thought that it might be adapted to scientific purposes , for the monitoring of whales , but it was closed , instead , along with NAS Bermuda , and the NAS Annex . Part Of . Military of Bermuda