naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
HMS Juno ( F52 ) HMS " Juno " was a " Leander " - class frigate of the Royal Navy ( RN ) . Like the rest of the class , " Juno " was named after a figure of mythology . She was built by Thornycroft of Woolston , Hampshire . " Juno " was launched on 24 November 1965 and commissioned on 18 July 1967 . Operational Service . " Juno " had a variety of sunny deployments from commissioning in 1967 that culminated in a 1969 world cruise , visiting a variety of ports in many diverse nations on the way and steaming many thousands of miles in the process . " Juno " was one of a number of Leanders that undertook the Beira Patrol , a deployment designed to stop oil reaching landlocked Rhodesia via the then Portuguese colony of Mozambique . In the 1970s " Juno " was one of the six Leanders used as the fictional " HMS " Hero " " for the BBC TV drama series " Warship " . All members of the crew were given " Hero " cap tallies for filming purposes . In 1976 , " Juno " took part in the Third Cod War against Iceland during the fishing disputes with that country , and was , while on a Fishery Protection Patrol , rammed the Icelandic gunboat " Tyr " , quite notorious in its aggression towards RN vessels . The ramming caused a minor fire . " Juno " made a second patrol , and was again confronted by the gunboat " Tyr " which was rammed by " Juno " yet again . Following the damage received whilst undertaking fishery protection duties , Juno underwent a substantial refit in 1977 , and following intensive workup at Portland in March 1978 , joined the 5th Frigate squadron for a nine month deployment . Ports visited during this time were : Brest , Bermuda , Belize , Tortolla , Panama , San Diego , Victoria , Prince Rupert , San Francisco , Acapulco , Panama , Puerto Rico , Dominica , Key West . During the visit to Dominica in November 1978 , Juno was the warship present when Princess Margaret formally handed over independence . For the ceremony at the cricket pavillion , Juno provided the ceremonial guard and colour party . In 1980 , " Juno " joined the Standing Naval Force Atlantic , a NATO multi - national squadron , a role " Juno " was familiar with , having often deployed with NATO multi - national squadrons . The following year , " Juno " , due to the 1981 Defence Review by the defence minister John Nott , was placed in reserve when she joined the standby squadron . In 1985 , " Juno " completed a four - year refit , which removed all her weapons and converted her into a navigational training ship . The following year " Juno " , ironically as the navigational training ship , grounded in the Solent , which forced her to receive repairs . In 1987 , " Juno " ' s bit of bad luck continued when she collided with the Type 21 frigate " Active " . Fate . " Juno " decommissioned in November 1992 . She was sold for scrap in 1994 . Commanding Officers . 1967 1969 Captain Lygo
Erskine Nicolson , 3rd Baron Carnock Erskine Arthur Nicolson , 3rd Baron Carnock DSO , JP ( 26 March 1884 – 2 October 1982 ) , styled The Honourable from 1916 until 1952 , was a British peer and sailor . Background and education . Born in Athens , Nicolson was the second son of Arthur Nicolson , 1st Baron Carnock , at that time chargé d ' affaires at the British legation . His mother was Mary Catharine , the daughter of Archibald Rowan - Hamilton , a soldier in the 5th Dragoon Guards . In 1952 , Nicolson succeeded his older brother Frederick as baron , who had inherited their father ' s titles in 1928 . A third brother was the author Harold Nicolson . Military career . Nicolson entered the Royal Navy and was educated at the Royal Naval College , Dartmouth , called HMS " Britannia " . In 1912 , he was awarded an Officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy for his participation in the British rescue mission after the 1908 Messina earthquake . He went to the Royal Naval Staff College in 1913 and afterwards became a war staff officer in a light cruiser squadron , fighting in the First World War . For his services in France , Nicolson was appointed a Chevalier of the Légion d ' honneur in 1916 . After the war he was decorated with the Distinguished Service Order in 1919 and received also the Order of St Anne of Russia . He retired as a commander in 1924 and was nominated a Justice of the Peace for the county of Devon . Family . On 9 October 1919 , Nicolson married Katharine Frederica Albertha , eldest daughter of Henry Lopes , 1st Baron Roborough . They had three children , one daughter and two sons . His wife died in 1968 and Nicolson survived her until 1982 . He was succeeded in the barony by his older son David .
Battle of Montenaken The Battle of Montenaken was fought between the forces of Liège and the Duchy of Burgundy on 20 October 1465 as part of the Second Liège War . Although outnumbered , the Burgundian force succeeded in routing the militia of Liège , inflicting heavy casualties . Background . The War of the Public Weal between Louis XI and many of his senior nobles began in March 1465 . As a consequence , the Duchy of Burgundy found itself at war with France . Louis , anxious to find allies , entered into talks with the city of Liège , which had historical grievances with Burgundy , leading to a military treaty in June 1465 . With the major part of the Burgundian army , under Charles , Count of Charolais , engaged in France , the Liègois declared war on Burgundy on 28 August . Despite having most of his forces committed in France , the elderly Philip the Good , Duke of Burgundy rapidly assembled a force to defend his possessions against the attack of Liège . The armies . The Liegois army , commanded by Raes de Lyntre , Lord of Heers was approximately 2 - 3000 strong , mostly infantry with some field artillery . The Burgundian force was about 1800 strong , mostly cavalry , not all of whom took part in the battle . The battle . The Burgundian army , having confronted the Liège forces at Montenaken found themselves too weak to assault the defences . They therefore sent out raiders to burn the countryside in the hope of provoking the Liege troops to confront them . This was successful and a large Liege force , perhaps their whole army , met with a force of 3 - 500 Burgundian cavalry in open country . The Liege forces drew up between two tumuli , of which there are a number around Montenaken . The Burgundian cavalry charged but were beaten back by artillery fire . Regrouping , they charged again and were again beaten back . This time , however , their opponents pursued them . The Burgundians rallied again and charged a third time . The Liège army , out of its defensive position and disordered by pursuit was routed . 1200 men were estimated to have been killed in the battle and pursuit . Aftermath . On 21 October , Louis XI wrote to Liège , informing the city he had made an independent peace with the Burgundians ( the Treaty of Conflans ) , and advising them to do likewise before the main Burgundian army returned . This they did , signing the Treaty of Sint - Trond in December .
Villiers II The Villiers II was a French two - seat fighter aircraft of the 1920s intended for operation from the Aircraft carrier Béarn of the French Navy . It was a single - engined tractor biplane with a waterproof hull in the form of a flying boat to allow the aircraft to be safely landed on water in an emergency . Two prototypes and 30 production aircraft were built , the type serving briefly with the French Navy , although never operated from an aircraft carrier . Development and design . In 1924 , the French aircraft manufacturer Ateliers d ' Aviation François Villiers was formed at Meudon near Paris . One of its first designs was to meet a requirement of the French Navy for a two - seat shipboard fighter . Villier ' s design , the Villiers II was a single - engined sesquiplane ( i . e . a biplane with the lower wing much smaller than the upper wing ) . Although of conventional tractor configuration with the engine in the nose driving a two - bladed propeller , and a tailwheel undercarriage , in order to allow safe ditching in the event of an emergency , it had a number of unusual features , with the fuselage being watertight and in the form of a flying boat hull , and the undercarriage being jettisonable . Two prototypes were ordered , under the designation Vil 2C2 ( " Avion Marin Chasse Biplace " ) , one powered by a 450 hp ( 338 kW ) Hispano - Suiza 12H V12 engine and the other with a similarly powered Lorraine - Dietrich 12Eb W12 engine . After evaluation by the Aéronautique Maritime in May 1925 , an order for 30 Vil 2C2 to be powered by the Lorraine - Dietrich engine , ( together with an order for 20 of the competing Levasseur PL . 5 s ) was placed on 19 December 1925 . Operational history . The Villiers II entered service with " Escadrille " 5C1 based at Hyères near Toulon in Southern France in May 1927 , with the aircraft never being operated from the Béarn . It was replaced by the single - seat Gourdou - Leseurre GL . 32 , which did not have the same elaborate features for landing on water in September 1928 .
HMS C34 HMS " C34 " was a C - class submarine built by HM Dockyard , Chatham for the Royal Navy . She was laid down on 29 March 1909 and was commissioned on 17 September 1910 . " C34 " was sunk by the German submarine off Fair Isle in Shetland while on the surface on 24 July 1917 . The only survivor was picked up by " U - 52 " .
Second Perso - Turkic War The Second Perso - Turkic War began in 619 with an invasion of Sassanid Persia by the Göktürks and Hephthalite s under Tong Yabghu . The war ended with the defeat of the Turks and Hephthalites by the Sassanids under a Persian Satrap General . Context . Having lost the first war against Persia during the First Perso - Turkic War , 30 years earlier , the invaders sought to change their fortunes while Persia was engaged fighting the Eastern Roman ( Byzantine ) Empire . They invaded eastern Persia with a large number of men , but were defeated in the first battle near the fort of Tus in Khorasan by a force of 2 , 000 Savaran ( elite heavy cavalry ) . Having lost this battle , the Turks and Hephthalites requested reinforcements from the Khagan . Sebeos exaggerates that 300 , 000 troops were sent to reinforce the invading army . This force soon overran Khorasan as well as the fort of Tus with its 300 defenders under prince Datoyan . However , the Turks withdrew after their raids , which went as far as Isfahan . Smbat quickly reorganized the eastern Persian forces and finally crushed the Turks and Hephthalites , reportedly killing their leader in hand - to - hand combat . After the death of their leader , which shattered troop morale , the Turks and Hephthalites retreated in a disorderly manner . The Savaran pursued them , routed them and killed many .
Norperforce Norperforce was a British military force deployed in Northern Persia in 1919 . The force was a large Brigade which consisted of : Reinforcements sent from Mesopotamia : 2 platoons of the 1st Battalion of the 67th Punjabis were based at Tabriz The force was commanded by Brigadier General Hugh Bateman - Champain who was based at Kasvin .
Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army The Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army ( MNDAA , ) , formally the Kokang Democracy Party , is a rebel army of Kokang people in northeastern Burma and has existed since 1989 . The army , also known as the Eastern Shan State Army , has had a ceasefire with the Burmese government for two decades . Yang Mao - liang is the leader of the MNDAA . Background . The area had been under the control of several warlords since the 1960s . The army was formed on March 12 , 1989 , after the local Communist Party of Burma leader , Phone Kyar Shin ( Peng Jia Sheng ) , who had been with the communists since 1968 , broke away and formed the MNDAA . Along with his brother , Peng Jiafu , they became the new unit in Kokang . The strength of the army is between 1 , 500 and 2 , 000 men . The rebels soon became the first group to agree to a ceasefire with the government troops . After the ceasefire , the area underwent an economic boom , with both the MDNAA and regional Myanmar Armed Forces ( Tatmadaw ) troops benefiting financially from increased opium harvests and heroin - refining . The area also produces methamphetamine . The MDNAA and other paramilitary groups control the cultivation areas , making it an easy target for drug trafficking and organised crime groups . Kokang incident . In August 2009 , the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army became involved in a violent conflict with Burma ' s military junta , the Myanmar Armed Forces . This was the largest outbreak of fighting between ethnic armies and government troops since the signing of the cease - fire 20 years earlier .
Battle of Peralta The Battle of Peralta was a minor engagement near the end of Confederate General Henry Hopkins Sibley ' s 1862 New Mexico Campaign . Battle . Retreating after the Battle of Glorieta Pass , Confederate troops of the 5th Texas Mounted Volunteers under Colonel Thomas Green camped in the town of Peralta , New Mexico Territory and planned to cross a series of irrigation canals the next day . The rest of the Confederate army was encamped on the other side of the Rio Grande in the town of Los Lunas . On April 14 the pursuing Union Army forces under Colonel Edward Canby caught up with Green . At dawn , Union cavalry attacked and captured the Confederate wagon train , killing and capturing the guard . The Confederates used the low adobe houses in the town as natural fortifications . Canby captured a Confederate supply train which was then approaching Peralta , and then sent John Chivington and Gabriel R . Paul to surround the Confederates to prevent any forces from reaching Green . The adobe walls and irrigation ditches surrounding the town were stronger than Canby was willing to risk an assault on . Learning of the fighting , Sibley led the 4th and 7th Texas Mounted Rifles across the river . The rival armies battered each other in an artillery duel , until a dust storm blew in and allowed the Confederates to withdraw to the west bank of the Rio Grande , leaving behind a town which had been reduced to rubble . The Confederates reached Los Lunas at 4 a . m . , where they rested for a few hours before continuing their retreat . Canby followed with the Union army , harassing the Confederate column with cavalry .
454th Flying Training Squadron The 454th Flying Training Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 323d Flying Training Wing , stationed at Mather Air Force Base , California . It was inactivated on 1 October 1993 . History . Activated as a B - 26 Marauder medium bomber squadron ; trained under Third Air Force in the southeastern United States . Deployed to European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) ; assigned to VIII Bomber Command , 3d Bombardment Division in England . Engaged in combat operations over France and the Low Countries , attacking enemy military targets ; formations ; airfields ; railroads ; bridges and other raids to disrupt enemy defends . Coordinated raids with VIII Bomber Command heavy strategic bombardment of military and industrial targeted in Nazi Germany and in Occupied Europe by striking Luftwaffe day interceptor airfields to cause maximum disruption of air defenses when heavy bomber groups returning from bombardment raids . Destroyed many enemy aircraft on the ground ; destroyed support buildings ; barracks and enemy aircraft on the ground . After D - Day invasion of Europe , engaged in tactical air support of Allied ground forces , carrying out bombardment attacks against enemy strong points , structures and targets of opportunity when making sweeps of enemy rear areas . Moved from England to Advanced Landing Ground s in France and further eastward as ground forces advanced across continent ; engaging enemy targets during the Western Allied invasion of Germany in early 1945 . Continued combat operations until German capitulation in May 1945 . Became part of the United States Air Forces in Europe forces in Occupied Germany ; summer 1945 . Demobilized in Germany in November and squadron inactivated as a paper unit in the United States . Reactivated as a B - 26 Invader reserve light bomber squadron in 1947 . Trained in the reserves ; activated in 1951 due to the Korean War . Personnel and aircraft reassigned to units of Far East Air Force in South Korea ; squadron inactivated as a paper unit in the United States shorty afterward . Reactivated as a Tactical Air Command fighter squadron in 1955 ; inactivated in 1957 due to budget reductions Reactivated by Air Training Command as a navigator training squadron in 1972 ; inactivated with the closure of Mather AFB and the inactivation of its host unit in 1993 .
Auxiliary repair dock An Auxiliary repair dock is a type of vessel employed by the U . S . Navy , especially during World War II , when it commissioned 33 such vessels . Primary use . The " Auxiliary repair dock " was actually a floating drydock , which could , by design , provide drydock facility to damaged Navy vessels . Floating drydocks of this type were approximately long and weighted about 5 , 000 tons . Several floating drydocks of this type have been given names , such as USS West Milton ( ARD - 7 ) , but most of them have no name , only class designations , such as USS ARD - 1 . Drydock facility . Floating drydocks , of this and other types , were capable of flooding themselves , opening up a bow door to permit a damaged vessel to enter . Once the damaged vessel was within the bounds of the floating drydock , and the door was closed , the water was pumped out of the floating drydock , permitting repair work to be performed on the damaged vessel . Such work in battle areas was often of a temporary nature , primarily to return the damaged vessel to seaworthy condition . Once the damaged vessel was sufficiently repaired , the floating drydock was flooded , the door opened , and the repaired vessel allowed to depart for further duty or assignment . Personnel capabilities . While the damaged vessel was being repaired , the drydock was capable of providing the crew of the damaged ship with temporary necessities , such as meals , laundry , some supplies , and , in a limited number of cases , berthing for crew members . ( When possible , the crew of the damaged ship remained on their ship while structural repair was being accomplished . )
Military history of Venice The military history of the Republic of Venice covers a period from the 8th century to the 18th century and includes a variety of conflicts . Venice first rose as a major military power through her participation in the Fourth Crusade , where Venetian troops were among those effecting the conquest of Constantinople . She then fought a protracted series of wars with Genoa and Pisa for domination of the Mediterranean trading routes . With the rise of the Ottoman Empire , the Republic lost her territories in the east as Cyprus and her strongholds in Morea were occupied ; at the same time , the rise of the Visconti in Milan drew her into the condottiere warfare of Italy . Bereft of her Mediterranean possessions , Venice turned to conquest on the Italian mainland , which brought her into conflict with Milan and the Papacy . Her participation in the Italian Wars eventually resulted in the War of the League of Cambrai , where she was nearly reduced . Following the War of the League of Cognac , Venice played little further role in mainland warfare . She continued to fight naval wars against the Ottomans , however , culminating in the victory at the Battle of Lepanto . In the latter half of the 17th century further Ottoman designs on Crete caused another protracted period of warfare . The twenty - year Siege of Candia was followed by her involvement in the Great Turkish War , where she briefly regained the Morea , only to return it some years later . The Republic was finally drawn into European warfare with Napoleon ' s invasion of Italy ; unable to resist his armies , she was forced to surrender and become a French tributary state .
Graves ( system ) GRAVES ( Grand Réseau Adapté à la Veille Spatiale ) is a French radar - based space surveillance system , akin to the American NAVSPASUR . Using radar measurements , the French Air Force is able to spot satellites orbiting the Earth and determine their orbit . The GRAVES system took 15 years to develop , and became operational in November , 2005 . GRAVES is a bistatic radar system using Doppler and directional information to derive the orbits of the detected satellites . Its operating frequency is 143 . 050 MHz , with the transmitter being located on a decommissioned airfield near Broye - lès - Pesmes at and the receiver at a former missile site near Revest du Bion on the Plateau d ' Albion at . Data processing and generation of satellite orbital elements is performed at the Balard Air Complex in Paris , .
Mullah Salam Mullah Abdul Salam , is a warlord in Zabul , Afghanistan . He earned the nickname " Mullah Rocketi " for his dedicated use of high - tech weapons when leading forces against Soviet troops during the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan . He joined the Taliban when the militia gained power over major parts of Afghanistan in the 1990s , eventually serving as a commander in the eastern city of Jalalabad .
USS Hummer ( AMS - 20 ) USS " Hummer " ( AMS - 20 / YMS - 372 ) was a acquired by the U . S . Navy for the task of removing mines that had been placed in the water to prevent ships from passing . History . " Hummer " ( " YMS - 372 " ) was launched as " YMS - 372 " , 23 December 1943 by Weaver Shipyards , Orange , Texas ; and commissioned 28 March 1944 . She was named " Hummer " and reclassified " AMS - 20 " on 17 February 1947 . After shakedown and operational training in early 1945 , Hummer departed the United States to sweep mines and to patrol between Okinawa and Japan from 29 June to 31 July . With the cessation of hostilities , the ship swept mines on the coasts of Japan and Korea until 21 February 1946 when she departed for the Western Seaboard of the United States . " Hummer " decommissioned 23 June and joined the Pacific Reserve Fleet . She recommissioned 3 November 1950 to help support the United Nations commitment to containing aggression in Korea . Her training and readiness activities centered on the U . S . West Coast between San Diego , California , and San Francisco , California , until 13 November 1953 when she again decommissioned at Long Beach , California . Reclassified " MSC ( O ) - 20 " , 7 February 1955 , the ship was transferred to the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force 29 January 1959 , serving as " Moroshima " . Military awards and honors . " Hummer " received three battle stars for her service World War II .
The Laurel Incident The " Laurel " incident occurred when the United States intercepted a letter of congratulation from Spain ' s foreign ministry to Filipino Puppet President José Laurel on 18 October 1943 . The United States used the incident to put pressure on Spain to stop selling tungsten to Germany and to withdraw the Blue Division from the Eastern Front . Thus it marked an important turning point in Spain ' s foreign policy during the Second World War .
No . 3 Airfield Defence Squadron RAAF The No . 3 Airfield Defence Squadron was an RAAF military unit whose primary task is to protect airfields , equipment , buildings and personnel . No . 3AFDS has been disbanded and its resources dispersed between No 1AFDS ( RAAF Edinburgh ) and No 2AFDS ( RAAF Amberley ) .