naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Forward assist The forward assist on a firearm is a button found commonly on AR - 15 rifle derivatives , such as the M16 assault rifle , and is usually located near the bolt closure . When hit it pushes the bolt carrier forward , ensuring that the bolt is locked . In order to ensure that the extractor is clipped around the rim of the shell , the forward assist is usually struck rather than pushed . It is commonly incorporated into standard loading procedure to prepare a weapon for a life threatening situation , or to close the bolt when the weapon is excessively dirty . It can also be used to close a bolt that was gently let down , rather than released under full spring compression , to keep the noise of closing the bolt to a minimum . The forward assist is generally not necessary as a standard procedure on any weapon with the exception of the British version of the L85 A1 . Having realized the frequency with which the weapon jammed when taken outside of the clean environment of the test range , the forward assist was implemented to save the operator the potential danger of aiming the rifle and pulling the trigger and the rifle not going off because the bolt is not fully forward ( a safety arrangement called a " safety sear " stopping the hammer from being released and the weapon firing , because of the dangers of firing with the bolt not fully closed ) . The design of the L85 makes the forward assist quite awkward as the left supporting arm must come off the hand grip and reach over the top to strike the bolt forward with the left edge of the left hand , much like a " karate chop " . A redesign of the L85 , known as the A2 , alleviated this problem by reducing the number of locking lugs on the bolt and strengthening the recoil spring . However , the " forward - assist " is still often taught simply as a matter of course . The forward assist had been implemented in 2007 on the MSAR STG - 556 , an American - made clone of the Austrian Steyr AUG assault rifle , but the usefulness of such device is questionable , since the design is not normally prone to the malfunction that led to the need of the forward assist in other firearms ; in fact " Microtech Small Arms Research Inc . " , the manufacturer of the STG - 556 , has dropped the forward assist on all rifles manufactured since November 2008 . Maintenance . The forward assist may cause the cartridge to become jammed into the rifle requiring a cleaning rod to need to be pushed into the muzzle of the rifle to force the casing back out of the chamber . The high pressure of a round getting hung up when fired could potentially cause a deadly explosion in the rifle . One recommendation is to not use the forward assist at all and dispose of the shell that wouldn ' t seat properly . The main reason a bolt carrier group ( BCG ) won ' t go fully forward is usually due to an excessive amount of dirt , carbon build - up , etc . If one finds their BCG not seating regularly , they should inspect their rifle to determine the cause of the problem before continued firing . Or , if one is not qualified to safely inspect a rifle and perform maintenance , it is safest to take it to a credible gunsmith .
HMS Leopard ( 1741 ) HMS " Leopard " was a 50 - gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built according to the 1733 proposals of the 1719 Establishment at Blackwall Yard , and launched on 30 October 1741 . " Leopard " was broken up in 1761 .
Abhey Singh Major Abhey Singh , ( 14 August 1922 – June 1981 ) was a cavalry officer in the Indian Army . Early life . Abhey Singh was born in the Thikana of Palaitha in the Princely state of Kotah on 14 August 1922 , the youngest son of Major - General Sir Onkar Singh , KCIE , a minister for the state of Kotah . He attended the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College ( RIMC ) from 20 January 1934 to October 1940 . Afterwards he entered the Indian Military Academy . Military career . Upon graduation he was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant with the 18th King Edward ' s Own Cavalry on 1 December 1941 . His regiment was part of the 3rd Indian Motor Brigade , which was fighting in the North African Campaign under General Ritchie ’ s British 8th Army . During the Battle of Gazala , his brigade formed the southernmost point of the Gazala Line near Bir Hacheim . On 27 May 1942 , Italy ’ s Ariete Armoured Division overran the 3rd Indian Motor Brigade . Following this defeat , Abhey Singh was taken prisoner and sent to P . G . 71 in Aversa near Naples for internment . In May 1943 , he was sent to P . G . 91 in Avezzano . In the confusion that followed the Italian surrender in September 1943 , he would escape from Avezzano with Maj . P . P . Kumaramangalam and Lt . Sahabzada Yaqub Khan . Lt . Yaqub Khan spoke Italian which enabled them to solicit assistance from rural Italians who were sympathetic to the Allies . They spent four to five months attempting to move south to Allied lines , but were subsequently re - captured by German forces . Following his re - capture , he spent the remainder of the war in Oflag 79 near Braunschweig . His camp was eventually liberated by the US Ninth Army on 12 April 1945 . After the Second World War ended , Abhey Singh was transferred to the 17th Queen Victoria ’ s Own Cavalry ( The Poona Horse ) . In 1948 , Major Abhey Singh participated in Operation Polo . On 6 September 1948 , Abhey Singh led a tank squadron against the Nizam of Hyderabad ’ s troops who had been harassing the citizens of Mangala Enclave in south - western Hyderabad State . The engagement resulted in the capture of two officers , four JCOs , and 90 other ranks . of the Hyderabad Army . To show their gratitude , the citizens of Mangala Enclave presented a silver replica of the Ashoka Pillar to Major Abhey Singh .
Ministry of National Defense ( Republic of China ) The Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of China ( MND ; ) is a cabinet - level agency under the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China responsible for all defense affairs . The MND is currently headed by Yen Ming . The position of Minister of National Defense was called Minister of War before 1946 . It was established in 1912 at the creation of the Republic of China . In August 2011 , the Wall Street Journal reported that extensive PRC infiltration of the MND has caused the United States to reconsider the sale of advanced weapons to Taiwan . In March 2013 , the MND said that it would change tactics rather than increase its own budget to counter a growing threat from mainland China . For more about the military buildup across the Taiwan Strait and the precipitation of challenges that ROC army has for Self - Defense needs ( including the proposed arms purchase of General Dynamics F - 16 Fighting Falcon C / D and Oliver Hazard Perry - class frigate equipped with Mk 13 missile launcher ( for augmenting potential Aegis combat system ) for the ROC army ) against the People ' s Liberation Army in the long - term , see the report on . List of Ministers of War . 1 . 歷代陸軍總長 ： 1 . 歷代軍政部長 ： 2 . 歷代海軍總長 ： 2 . 歷代海軍部長 ： 3 . 歷代參謀總長 ： 3 . 歷代參謀總長 ： 4 . 歷代訓練總監部長 ： 4 . 歷代軍事參議院長 ： List of Ministers of National Defence . 1 . Minister of National Defense ( 歷代國防部長 ) ： 2 . Chief of the General Staff ( 歷代參謀總長 ) ： Transportation . The MND building is accessible within walking distance North from Xiaonanmen Station of the Taipei Metro .
Veterans Museum and Memorial Center The Veterans Museum and Memorial Center is a museum located in historic Balboa Park of San Diego , California . Founded in 1989 , it is dedicated to create , maintain , and operate an institution to honor and perpetuate the memories of all men and women who have served in the Armed Forces of the United States of America . The museum currently resides in the former Chapel of the Old Balboa Naval Hospital .
Chorągiew ( military unit ) Chorągiew ( ; literally : " banner " ) was the basic administrative unit of the Polish cavalry from the 14th century . An alternative name until the 17th century was " Rota " . Between the 14th and 17th century the " Chorągiew " was composed of smaller sub - units - the so - called " Poczet " . Types of " Chorągiew " were : In the cavalry , since the second half of the 15th century until the first half of the 18th century , a " Chorągiew " was formed according to the " companion system " ( system zaciągu towarzyskiego ) . See : " Towarzysz " ( companion ) . Types of " Chorągiew " were : Typical family / village clans of the Chorągiew Rodowa who provided men for battles consisting of approximately 100 men were :
Battle of Bov The Battle of Bov ( German : Bau ) was a battle between troops fighting for Schleswig - Holstein , and those for Denmark , which happened on April 9 , 1848 in the area of Flensborg in Denmark , during the First Schleswig War . Denmark won the engagement . It was the first battle of the First Schleswig War . Background . In 1848 , the First Schleswig War started , as Schleswig - Holstein was trying to separate from Denmark , and Denmark considered it a part of the country . The Kingdom of Prussia , the Austrian Empire and the German Confederation , sent troops to support Schleswig - Holstein in its attempt to secede from Denmark , and become a part of the German Confederation . Wishing to defeat Denmark before German , Austrian , and Prussian troops arrived , 7 , 000 Schleswig - Holsteinian soldiers under General Krohn occupied Flensborg on March 31 , 1848 . Prelude . Danish troops landed on the Holdnaes peninsula east of Flensborg and , worried that he would be surrounded , Gen . Krohn asked for permission to withdraw his soldiers from the settlement . His request was approved , and he planned to fall back during April 9 . Danish commanders had decided their attack would start before Krohn withdrew . They decided that the left flank of the Danish army would launch a diversionary attack , whilst the right wing and cavalry would encircle the enemy , and their attacks would be supported by a naval squadron in Flensborg Fjord . The Schleswig - Holsteins were arranged according to the plan that they were going to withdraw , and were not prepared to put up a co - ordinated resistance . Battle . The Danish soldiers began their attack between 08 : 00 and 09 : 00 on April 9 . Badly co - ordinated and without their superior commander , the Prince of Noer , who arrived two hours after the battle had started , the Schleswig - Holsteins were unable to win against the Danish forces . Aftermath . Thirty - five Schleswig - Holsteins died as a result of the battle , whilst Denmark lost the lives of 16 ; 138 Schleswig - Holsteins were wounded , and so were 66 Danes ; and 923 Schleswig - Holsteins were captured to no Danish prisoners .
Alexander Smorchkov Aleksandr Pavlovich Smorchkov ( Alexandr P . Smortzkow ) was a MiG - 15 pilot of the Soviet Union . He was a participant in World War II , claiming 4 air victories . He was also a flying ace during the Korean war , with 523 IAP and claiming an estimated 12 - 15 victories . On 22 October 1951 he shot down a B - 29A of the 19th Bombardment Group and the next day a B - 29 of of the 307th Bombardment Wing . On 24 October another B - 29 of the 19th BG was downed , the 7 crew bailing out .
Herbert Marshall Herbert Marshall ( 23 May 1890 – 22 January 1966 ) , born Herbert Brough Falcon Marshall , was an English actor . His parents were Percy F . Marshall and Ethel May Turner . He graduated from St . Mary ' s College in Old Harlow , Essex and worked for a time as an accounting clerk . Marshall overcame the loss of a leg in World War I , where he served in the London Scottish Regiment with fellow actors Basil Rathbone , Ronald Colman and Claude Rains , to enjoy a long career . His stage debut took place in 1911 , and he entered films with " Mumsie " ( 1927 ) . Initially he played romantic leads and later character roles . The suave actor spent many years playing romantic leads opposite such stars as Greta Garbo , Joan Crawford , Marlene Dietrich and Bette Davis , and starring in such classics as " Trouble in Paradise " ( 1932 ) , " The Little Foxes " ( 1941 ) , and " The Razor ' s Edge " ( 1946 ) . He was featured in both the 1929 and the more famous 1940 version of " The Letter " , first as the murdered lover , then the wronged husband . He starred in a popular radio series , " The Man Called X " , in which he played a globe - trotting " American " spy with an English accent . He was married five times . Among his wives were two actresses , Edna Best , with whom he appeared in " The Calendar " , " Michael and Mary " and " The Faithful Heart " , and Boots Mallory , to whom he was married from 1947 until her death in 1958 . His grave is located at Chapel of the Pines Crematory in Los Angeles . Marshall had a daughter , Sarah , by Edna ( his second wife ) and two other , younger children .
St . Paul ' s Bay Tower " Not to be confused with the St Pauls Tower , a 101m - tall skyscraper in Sheffield , UK . St . Paul ' s Bay Tower is a fortification on the island of Malta , constructed in 1610 overlooking St Paul ' s Bay . It is the oldest of the Wignacourt towers , which are named after the Grand Master of the Knights of Malta , who commissioned their building . Grand Master Fra Aloph de Wignacourt also contributed significantly from his personal funds towards the cost of its construction . It is a precursor to the later Lascaris and de Redin towers .
Richard Wickes Richard Wickes ( died June 29 , 1776 ) was an officer in the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War . He served as the third lieutenant on the , captained by his brother Lambert Wickes . During the Battle of Turtle Gut Inlet , he was the first American casualty of the war in New Jersey . Richard Wickes was born in Kent County , Maryland . His family home , Wickliffe , was on Eastern Neck Island . American Revolutionary War . Richard Wickes received his commission early in the war , as did his brother Lambert . On March 28 , 1776 , they both began service on the newly commissioned 18 - gun " Reprisal " . On June 10 , the Committee of Secret Correspondence of Congress ordered Captain Wickes to set sail from Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and proceed to Martinique . On June 28 , near Cape May , New Jersey , they joined forces with Captain John Barry on the to come to the aid of the privateer " Nancy " being chased by two British Navy ships , the 32 - gun and the 16 - gun . " Nancy " was headed to Philadelphia with supplies loaded in the Caribbean islands of St . Thomas and St . Croix . The cargo contained several hundred kegs of gunpowder . Late on the afternoon of June 28 , Captain Wickes ordered his brother Richard to lead an armed longboat to the " Nancy " and tell her captain to head for the shore . Lieutenant Wickes reached the " Nancy " soon after midnight . In the early hours of June 29 , pursued by the British " Orpheus " and " Kingfisher " , the " Nancy " headed for the nearby Turtle Gut Inlet to run aground and salvage the cargo . Lieutenant Wickes assisted in operations to return cannon fire and transfer the cargo ashore . By late in the morning of June 29 , the British bombardment had heavily damaged the " Nancy " . Barry ordered the main sail wrapped around 50 pounds of gunpowder to create a long fuse running from the nearly 100 gunpowder kegs remaining in the hold to the deck and over the side . The fuse was lit as the crew abandoned ship . As the British boarded the ship , the fuse reached the hold . The gunpowder exploded with a huge blast felt for miles which killed many British . After the explosion , Lieutenant Wickes was killed by subsequent British cannon fire . He was the only American casualty . Captain Wickes , in a letter to his brother Samuel , described how he had seen his brother die in the final four or five minutes of the battle . He was recognized for his bravery by both his brother and Captain Barry , who said that " a braver man never lived . " Legacy . Lieutenant Richard Wickes is buried at the Cold Spring Presbyterian Church cemetery . A section of the cemetery , Veterans Field of Honor , is dedicated to his service " in the cause of American freedom . " There is a second memorial marker in Cape May , New Jersey .
Raleigh Rhodes Raleigh Ernest Rhodes ( June 26 , 1918 – November 26 , 2007 ) , who often went by the nickname of Raleigh " Dusty " Rhodes , was an American World War II combat fighter pilot and the third leader of the Blue Angels flight team . Pilot . Rhodes was a fighter pilot based on board the USS Enterprise ( CV - 6 ) aircraft carrier during World War II . He was shot down and captured by Japan ese forces during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in October 1942 in the Solomon Islands . Rhodes spent in the next three years in a Japanese prison camp . He weighed 88 pounds when he was released from his captivity , during which he was starved and beaten . Rhodes joined the Blue Angels precision flying team in 1947 after his recovery , and soon after became the flight leader . Rhodes helped the Blue Angels perfect the diamond barrel roll , a complicated aerial maneuver in which four Blue Angels jets perform a loop in a tight diamond formation before becoming inverted at the top of the formation . The Blue Angels became extremely popular with the public . Rhodes returned to an active combat role with the U . S . Navy . He flew fighter plane missions from an aircraft carrier during the Korean War . Following the Korean War , Rhodes was stationed at several naval air station s , including the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake , Monterey and the Marine Corps Air Station Miramar . Rhodes was awarded two Purple Heart s and three Air Medals during his twenty years of active duty in the Navy . He retired from the Navy in 1961 at the rank of commander . Rhodes worked as a project planner for Lockheed Martin facility in Sunnyvale , California , for the next 30 years . Death . Raleigh Rhodes died of lung cancer on November 26 , 2007 , in San Jose , California , at the age of 89 . He was survived by his wife , Pauline , two daughters and a son . Rhodes ' former wife , Betty , died in 2005 . His son , Raleigh E . Rhodes Jr . , also died of lung cancer in July 2007 .
HMS Dunkirk ( 1651 ) Worcester was a 48 - gun third rate frigate built for the navy of the Commonwealth of England at Woolwich Dockyard , and launched in 1651 . After the Restoration in 1660 , she was renamed HMS " Dunkirk " . By 1677 her armament had been increased to 60 guns . In 1704 she underwent a rebuild at Blackwall Yard , relaunching as a 60 - gun fourth rate ship of the line . On 12 September 1729 " Dunkirk " was ordered to be taken to pieces at Portsmouth , and rebuilt as a 60 - gun fourth rate to the 1719 Establishment . She was relaunched on 3 September 1734 . " Dunkirk " was broken up in 1749 .
Ashikaga Yoshimi Life . Yoshimi was the abbot of a Jōdo monastery when he was first approached by Hosokawa Katsumoto , who wished to support a bid for Yoshimi to become shogun . He originally sought to stick to his religious life , and had no desires to become shogun . However , by 1464 , he was convinced to join his brother , the shogun , and assist him , putting himself into a position to be the next in the line of succession . The birth of the Shogun ' s son placed Yoshimi in an awkward situation , making his succession no longer definite , but he remained as Yoshimasa ' s Deputy . Despite Yoshimi ' s being supported by Hosokawa , it was Hosokawa ' s opponent , Yamana Sōzen , who stayed in Yoshimi ' s mansion for a time , and who attended a ceremony in March 1467 honoring the shogun and his brother . Hosokawa did not attend , as he was preparing for the imminent war between himself and Yamana , who supported the succession of the shogun ' s infant son Ashikaga Yoshihisa . Following the initial battles between Hosokawa and Yamana within the capital ( Kyoto ) , the Ōnin War turned into a war between Yoshimi and his brother the Shogun . Through a set of complicated events , Yoshimi became one of Yamana ' s chief general , and was declared a ' rebel ' by the Emperor , and stripped of his court rank . That same year , 1469 , the shogun officially named his son as his heir . Yamana and Hosokawa both died soon afterwards , in 1473 , and the Ōnin War came to an end , along with Yoshimi ' s political aspirations .
Royal Corps of Colonial Troops The Royal Corps of Colonial Troops ( Italian : " Regio Corpo Truppe Coloniali " ) was a corps of the Italian armed forces , in which all the Italian colonial troops were grouped until the end of World War II in Africa . Structure . Since the beginning of the colonial conquest the Kingdom of Italy created military units with colonial soldiers . The main units included as parts of the " Regio Corpo Truppe Coloniali " were : All these military units underwent a reorganization in the 1930s , but remained active until 1943 , when Italy was defeated in WWII . Structure after 1936 . The Italian Army started to modernize the colonial troops in the mid 1930s , and during the conquest of Ethiopia ( 1936 ) and at the beginning of World War II created some Infantry Divisions with colonial soldiers : In those years there were even " special units " made mainly of colonial troops , like the Maletti Group , the Libyan paratroopers ( Ascari del Cielo ) and the Italian Africa Police . History . These troops were deployed on all fronts in Africa from the First Italo - Ethiopian War , the Italian - Turkish war , the conquest of Ethiopia , until World War II . The colonial soldiers always showed courage and in some cases ( like the Eritrean Ascari ) fought with heroism . The colonial troops were commanded by Italian officers and NCOs , while soldiers came from the Italian colonial territories ( and to a small extent also from neighboring Yemen ) . In 1940 in the Italian Royal Army were present 256 , 000 " Askari s " ( as were called the colonial soldiers ) in Italian Africa , of whom 182 , 000 were recruited in Italian East Africa ( Eritrea , Somalia and Ethiopia ) and 74 , 000 in Libya . Honours . The Royal Corps of Colonial Troops has been awarded 4 Gold Medals of Military Valor ( " Medaglia d ' oro al valor militare " ) : Two Gold Medal of Military Valor : - November 19 , 1936 . One Gold Medal of Military Valor : One Gold Medal of Military Valor :