naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William H . Horsfall William H . Horsfall ( March 3 , 1847 – October 22 , 1922 ) was one of the youngest men to receive the Medal of Honor during the American Civil War . He was born in 1847 , in Newport , Kentucky . He enlisted as a drummer in Company G , ! st Kentucky Volunteer Infantry , on December 31 , 1861 , at age 14 . Horsfall performed his act of heroism as a 15 year old drummer in Co . G , 1st Kentucky Infantry . The medal was awarded for saving the life of a wounded officer during the Siege of Corinth on May 21 , 1862 . Horsfall was later commander of William Nelson Post GAR of Newport . He died on October 22 , 1922 in Newport and is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Southgate , Kentucky . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization . Drummer , Company G , 1st Kentucky Infantry . Place and date : At Corinth , Miss . , May 21 , 1862 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Birth : Campbell County , Ky . Date of issue : August 17 , 1895 . Citation : Saved the life of a wounded officer lying between the lines .
Lews Castle Lews Castle ( Scottish Gaelic : " Caisteal Leòdhais " ) is a Victorian era castle located west of the town of Stornoway , Isle of Lewis , Scotland . It was built in the years 1847 - 57 as a country house for Sir James Matheson who had bought the whole island a few years previously with his fortune from the Chinese Opium trade . It was designed by the Glasgow architect Charles Wilson . In 1918 , the Lewis estate including the castle was bought by industrialist Lord Leverhulme from the Matheson family . He gifted the castle to the people of Stornoway parish in 1923 . During World War II the Castle was taken over as accommodation for air and ground crew of 700 Naval Air Squadron , who operated a detachment of six Supermarine Walrus aircraft from a slipway at Cuddy Point in the Grounds . The base was referred to as HMS Mentor . After the war , the Castle was also used for accommodation for students of Lews Castle College in the 1950s . Today the building is owned by the local council , Comhairle nan Eilean Siar , and is protected as a category A listed building . Lews Castle was awarded £4 . 6 million by the Heritage Lottery Fund , on 22 November 2011 , to enable it to be converted into a bilingual museum and cultural centre .
David Williams ( Royal Navy officer ) Sir David Williams GCB ( 22 October 1921 – 16 July 2012 ) was a senior officer in the British Royal Navy . He rose to the rank of admiral and served for a time as Governor of Gibraltar . Naval career . Williams was appointed Flag Officer Second - in - Command Far East Fleet in 1970 and Second Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Personnel in 1974 ; he was then Commander - in - Chief Naval Home Command from 1976 to 1979 when he retired . Between 1980 and 1982 he was Chairman of the Royal Navy Club of 1765 & 1785 ( United in 1889 ) . On 26 October 1982 he became the Governor of Gibraltar . He held this position for three years until 19 November 1985 . He was a Vice - President of the Friends of Gibraltar Heritage Society .
Jacques Lanxade Jacques Lanxade ( born 8 September 1934 ) is a French admiral and former navy chief , and co - author of a recent proposed reform of NATO . He was a private chief of staff of François Mitterrand , President of the French Republic , from 1989 to 1991 , and became chief of defense of the French Armed Forces from 1991 to 1995 . It was also during this period that the Rwandan Genocide took place in 1994 . Lanxade is also a former ambassador to Tunisia . As of 2008 , he is the chairman of the Académie de Marine , and President of the Mediterranean Foundation for Strategic Research . He is also a member of the international committee of patronage of the French journal " Politique américaine " , dedicated to the study of internal and international stratagems of the United States .
Byzantine – Lombard wars The Byzantine – Lombard wars were a protracted series of conflicts which occurred from AD 568 to 751 . The wars were fought between the Byzantine Empire , and a Germanic tribe known as the Lombards . The wars were fought primarily due to the imperialistic inclinations of the Lombard king , Alboin , as he sought to take possession of Northern Italy . The conflicts ended in a Byzantine defeat , as the Lombards were able to secure large parts of Northern Italy at first , eventually conquering the Exarchate of Ravenna in 751 . Invasion of Northern Italy . The Lombards began the invasion of Northern Italy on Easter Monday , 568 . This was to ensure that the migrations were to be undertaken through the guidance of the Arian version of Christianity , the religion of which the Lombards had only recently began to adopt . The Lombards migrated into Italy whilst fighting meagre resistance from the Byzantine border forces , troops which were known as the Milities Limitanei , which were remnants from the Imperial Roman military organisation . The Lombards managed to annex Northern Italy quickly , with the small town of Cividale del Friuli being the first to be captured . The town was then established as the capital of the Duchy of Friuli , with Alboin ' s nephew Gisulf reigning as its first Duke . Following the immediate success of the invasion of Northern Italy and the capture of Friuli , the Lombards then began to turn eastwards towards Venice . The army then captured Aquileia , before undertaking acts of destruction against the population of the city , leading many civilians to migrate to other areas .
Sioux City Air Defense Sector The Sioux City Air Defense Sector ( SCADS ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command 29th Air Division , being stationed at Sioux City Air Force Station , Iowa . History . SCADS was established in October 1958 assuming control of former ADC Central Air Defense Force units in western Iowa , most of Nebraska along with southern South Dakota . Also provided air defense over parts of Minnesota , Colorado and Wyoming . The organization provided command and control over several aircraft and radar squadrons . On 1 December 1961 , the new Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) Direction Center ( DC - 22 ) became operational . DC - 22 was equipped with dual AN / FSQ - 7 Computer s . The day - to - day operations of the command was to train and maintain tactical flying units flying jet interceptor aircraft ( F - 94 Starfire ; F - 102 Delta Dagger ; F - 106 Delta Dart ) in a state of readiness with training missions and series of exercises with SAC and other units simulating interceptions of incoming enemy aircraft . The Sector was inactivated on 1 April 1966 as part of an ADC consolidation and reorganization ; and its units were reassigned to the 30th Air Division .
Udar revolver The U - 94 UDAR ( " У - 94 " Удар " " ; the Russian word " udar " means " Strike " or " Blow " ) is a police weapon designed and developed by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau in the early 1990s and first manufactured in 1994 . It is a compact double action revolver that chambers proprietary ammunition in the form of an unusual 12 . 3mm ( 0 . 484 " caliber , or 41 - gauge ) shell . It has a shrouded hammer that can be manually cocked or decocked by use of a cut - out slot at the top of the shroud . It has a side - breaking cylinder that opens to the left and uses a star - ejector to eject all the spent shells at once . It was originally designed to fire tear gas ( CS ) aerosol , rubber baton , and rubber buckshot for self - protection or less - than - lethal crowd control . However , it also has Jacketed Hollow - Point and Armor - Piercing slug shells for self - defense against armed opponents and is reported to take lead shot shells as well . The weapon has three different - sized cylinders ( 12 . 3x22mmR , 12 . 3x40mmR , and 12 . 3x50mmR ) . The bore has been alternately described as 12 . 5 mm ( 0 . 492 " caliber ) , 12 . 7 mm ( . 50 " caliber ) , 32 - gauge ( 0 . 526 " caliber [ 13 . 36 mm ] ) or 36 - gauge ( 0 . 506 " caliber [ 12 . 85 mm ] ) . All ammunition was made by the Tula Cartridge Works ( " Tulskiy Patronniy Zavod " ) and was imprinted with either its civilian ( " TPZ " ) or military ( " 539 " ) headstamp code . The design has met with little success and failed to catch on with Russian police . They , like the police in most European nations , were used to using pistols rather than revolvers and preferred their larger magazines and quicker reloading times . The need to unload and reload the cylinder and discard partially spent clips when changing ammo types in a crisis situation also made it impractical .
W40 ( nuclear warhead ) The W40 nuclear warhead was an American nuclear warhead developed in the late 1950s and which saw service from 1959 to 1972 . It was a fusion boosted fission bomb type . The W40 design was reportedly the common Python primary or fission core used by the US B28 nuclear bomb , W28 nuclear warhead , and W49 nuclear warhead . The W40 was 18 inches in diameter , 32 inches long , and weighed around 385 pounds . It had a design yield of 10 kilotons . The W40 was used in the MGM - 18 Lacrosse surface to surface missile ( SRBM ) and Bomarc Missile Program surface to air missiles ( SAM ) .
Oded Brigade The Oded Brigade ( , also known as the 9th Brigade in the 1948 Arab - Israeli war ) was an Israeli infantry brigade , one of ten brigades fielded by the Haganah ( the precursor of the Israeli Defense Forces ) . It was headquartered in Jerusalem . It was a " a ragtag organization composed mainly of home guardsmen and other defense groups . " The poorly supplied brigade was defending Al - Malkiyya in June 1948 , replacing the Yiftach Brigade , when the Lebanese army attacked . The Oded Brigade had to withdraw after 10 hours of fighting . In July 1948 , the brigade moved to capture the Arab villages Malha and Ein Karim , with the support of LEHI and Irgun , aiming to link up with the Harel Brigade and capture the Tel Aviv - Jerusalem Railway . There was limited fighting . The brigade had attached to it a " Unit of the Minorities " made up of Druze , and smaller numbers of Bedouins and Circassian s , who had defected from the Arab Liberation Army . The unit saw action with the brigade in Operation Hiram during October 1948 . This was a propaganda coup and helped strengthen Jewish - Druze relations . Ben Dunkelman says that the brigade had a mainly diversionary role in Operation Hiram . The brigade also took part in Operation Yoav in October 1948 , which opened the road to the Negev . Involved in the Sinai Campaign against Egypt , the brigade held a victory assembly at Sharm el - Sheikh on 6 November 1956 .
12th Guards Tank Division The 12th Guards Uman , Orders of Lenin , Red Banner and Suvorov Tank Division was a tank division of the Soviet Ground Forces . It drew its history from the World War II 16th Tank Corps . It was redesignated successively as 12th Guards Tank Corps ( 1943 ) and 12th Guards Tank Division ( 1946 ) . The division was initially formed as 16th Tank Corps in the Kiev Military District . It became part of the 2nd Tank Army upon the army ' s formation . During the war , it participated in fighting at Kharkov , Stalingrad , Kursk , Grel , Uman - Botoshany Offensive , Targul - Fmmes , Lublin - Brest Offensive , Vistula - Oder and other operations and actions . It took part in the counter - attacks against the Germans advancing on Stalingrad in the later summer of 1942 , the winter counter - offensives of 1942 / 43 , the Battle of Kursk in July ( as part of the Central Front ) , then across Ukraine with the Central , Belorussian , and 1st Belorussian Fronts . In the summer of 1944 , it was with the 2nd Tank Army , and took part in the offensives , reaching the outskirts of Warsaw . On 20 November 1944 , it was awarded ‘ Guards ’ status and re - designated the 12th Guards Tank Corps . The Corps took part in the Vistula - Oder and Berlin Operations , ending the war in the Berlin area . As part of the occupation forces , it was assigned to the 2nd Guards Tank Army ( also 2nd Guards Mechanised Army ) . In later 1945 , it was reorganized into the 12th Guards Tank Division . During the occupation period and post - war era , its assignments remain unclear . Initially it was assigned to the 2nd Guards Mechanised Army , but then transferred to the 4th Guards Mechanised Army , which became the 20th Guards Combined - Arms Army in 1957 . It eventually became part of the 3rd Shock Army - actually 3rd Red Banner Army . 3 CAA headquarters was located in the city of Magdeburg . Other divisions of the army were the 10th Guards Uralsko - Lvovskaya Tank Division , the 47th Guards Tank Division , and the 207th Motor Rifle Division . Division headquarters was located in the town of Neuruppin . On the outskirts of town , closer to Altruppinu was the location of the three regiments : 48th Guards Tank Regiment , the 353rd Guards Tank Regiment and 332nd Guards Tank Regiment . After the withdrawal from Germany , the 12th Guards Tank Division was disbanded . The commander of the 48th Guards Tank Regiment in 1989 Guard colonel Кухновец ( Kuhnovets ) . Chief of Staff was Guard Colonel Fedotov . It was to be deactivated in the Moscow Military District , and the division actually disbanded around 1991 . Unit list . For most of the 1970s and 1980s the division comprised the following major units :
USS Longspur ( AMCU - 28 ) USS " Longspur " ( AMCU - 28 ) was a of the United States Navy , later converted to a " AMCU - 7 " - class Coastal Minesweeper ( Underwater Locator ) . The ship was laid down on 22 September 1944 by the New Jersey Shipbuilding Company of Barber , New Jersey , launched on 20 October 1944 , and commissioned as USS " LCI ( L ) - 884 " on 27 October 1944 . Service history . 1944 – 1949 . After shakedown " LCI ( L ) - 884 " departed Norfolk , Virginia on 25 November , steamed through the Panama Canal , and arrived at San Diego , California on 20 December . Following additional training off the west coast , the landing craft sailed on 6 March 1945 for the Marianas , arriving at Guam on 8 April . Two weeks later she was en route to Okinawa , where U . S . Forces were already engaged in the most extensive campaign of the Pacific War . Upon her arrival on 28 April " LCI ( L ) - 884 " was assigned mail delivery and smoke station duty for large ships operating off Okinawa . She remained in the vicinity for the rest of the war , playing a part for the fleet in aiding it against the Empire of Japan . After the war she operated as a mine destruction vessel out of Nagasaki and Sasebo , remaining in Japan until December 1945 . Early in 1946 , " LCI ( L ) - 884 " returned to the United States and was decommissioned on 24 March 1947 , joining the Atlantic Reserve Fleet at Green Cove Springs , Florida . She was reclassified as Landing Ship , Infantry ( Large ) LSI ( L ) - 884 on 28 February 1949 . 1952 – 1960 . " LSI ( L ) - 884 " was named and redesignated as Coastal minesweeper ( Underwater Locator ) USS " Longspur " ( AMCU - 28 ) on 7 March 1952 , and recommissioned in June 1952 . Conversion to AMCU - 28 began on 15 November 1953 at the Charleston Naval Shipyard , Charleston , South Carolina , and was completed on 15 May 1954 . " Longspur " was then assigned to the 6th Naval District for harbor defense . Reclassified as Coastal Minehunter MHC - 28 on 7 February 1953 , she continued operations out of Charleston , South Carolina , until 1 January 1954 . Decommissioned on the first day of the year , she joined the Atlantic Reserve Fleet at Charleston , South Carolina . Struck from the Navy List on 1 January 1960 , " Longspur " was sold to the Mills Marine Co . , on 18 May 1960 , and was towed away for scrap on 22 June 1960 . " LCI ( L ) - 884 " received one battle star for World War II service .
Chorny Kot Čorny Kot ( , lit . " Black Cat " ) was a German - trained Belarusian nationalist , anti - Soviet guerrilla unit during World War II . As part of the Nazis ' effort to combat the enormous Soviet partisan movement in Belarus during the war , special units of local collaborationists were trained by the SS ' s Otto Skorzeny to infiltrate the Soviet rear . In 1944 thirty Belarusians ( known as " Čorny Kot " ( " Black Cat " ) and personally led by Michał Vituška ) were airdrop ped by the Luftwaffe behind the lines of the Red Army , which had already expelled German forces from Belarus during Operation Bagration . They experienced some initial success due to disorganization in the rear of the Red Army , and some other German - trained Belarusian nationalist units also slipped through the Białowieża Forest in 1945 . The NKVD , however , had already infiltrated these units , and they were quickly killed . Still , some armed anti - Soviet resistance continued in Belarus by mid - 1950s . Vituška managed to escape to the West following the war , along with several other Belarusian Central Rada leaders .
Battle of Munfordville The Battle of Munfordville ( also known as the Battle of Green River ) was an engagement in Kentucky during the American Civil War . Victory there allowed the Confederates to temporarily strengthen their hold on the region and impair Union supply lines . In late August 1862 , Confederate Gen . Braxton Bragg ' s army left Chattanooga , Tennessee and marched into Kentucky . Pursued by Maj . Gen . Don Carlos Buell ' s Union Army , Bragg approached Munfordville , a station on the Louisville & Nashville Railroad and the location of the railroad bridge crossing Green River , in mid - September . Col . John T . Wilder commanded the Union garrison at Munfordville , which consisted of three regiments behind extensive fortifications . Wilder refused Brig . Gen . James R . Chalmers ' s demand to surrender on September 14 . Union forces repulsed Chalmers ' s attacks that day , forcing the Confederates to conduct siege operations September 15 and September 16 . Late on September 16 , realizing that Buell ' s forces were near and not wishing to kill or injure innocent civilians , the Confederates sent another demand for surrender . Wilder entered enemy lines under a flag of truce , and Confederate Maj . Gen . Simon B . Buckner escorted him to view the Confederate strength to convince him resistance was futile . Realizing the odds he faced , Wilder agreed to surrender . The formal ceremony took place the next day . With the railroad and bridge , Munfordville was an important transportation center , and Confederates ' control hampered the movement of Union supplies and men . Two separate places in the National Register of Historic Places are related to the battle . The Unknown Confederate Soldier Monument in Horse Cave marks the grave of a Louisiana soldier accidentally killed while clearing timber for the Confederate advance . The Colonel Robert A . Smith Monument is the only one still on the battlefield . A monument to Colonel Smith also exists in Dean Cemetery in his home town of Edinburgh , Scotland .
159th Battalion ( 1st Algonquins ) , CEF The 159th ( 1st Algonquins ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Haileybury , Ontario , the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in the districts of Nipissing and Sudbury . After sailing to England in November 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 8th Reserve Battalion on January 20 , 1917 . The 159th ( 1st Algonquins ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . E . F . Armstrongs . The battalion is perpetuated by The Algonquin Regiment . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
HMAS Burra Bra HMAS " Burra Bra " ( FY . 69 ) was an anti - submarine training vessel and target tow of the Royal Australian Navy during World War II . She was built by Mort ' s Dock and Engineering Company , Woolwich , New South Wales and launched on 17 June 1908 for the Port Jackson & Manly Steamship Company to service the Manly to Circular Quay passenger ferry run . She was sold in 1947 and was scrapped in 1951 .
John Breen ( sailor ) Boatswain ' s Mate John Breen ( 1827 to December 13 , 1875 ) was an Irish soldier who fought in the American Civil War . Breen received the United States ' highest award for bravery during combat , the Medal of Honor , for his action at Petersburg , Virginia on 3 October 1862 . He was honored with the award on 3 April 1863 . Biography . Breen was born in 1827 in Ireland to William and Margaret Breen . He moved to New York and first enlisted into the United States Navy in 1952 under the name Charles Mercer . He was discharged after three years but later reenlisted under his correct name at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 . During this service he was assigned to various vessels including the U . S . S . Brandywine , the U . S . S . Seymour and the U . S . S . Commodore Perry . It was aboard the USS Commodore that Breen earned the Medal of Honor for his action on 3 October 1862 in successfully repelling Confederate ground troops positioned at the Blackwater River . Following the war , Breen and his wife , Ellen Grant , relocated to Milwaukee where he continued a career as a sailor . He died on 13 December 1875 of acute pneumonia and his remains are interred at the Calvary Cemetery and Mausoleum in Milwaukee .
Balintore Castle Balintore Castle is a Victorian Category A listed building in Scotland . The castle occupies an elevated site in moorland above Balintore village , a few miles north of the Loch of Lintrathen , near Kirriemuir , Angus . A tower house named Balintor existed on the site in the late 16th century , according to Timothy Pont ' s maps . It was designed in 1859 by the architect William Burn . A typical example of the Scottish Baronial style , it features an abundance of turret ed towers and gable s , and an imitation portcullis . The main tower is topped by a balustraded viewing platform similar to that of Buchanan Castle . The centrepiece of the interior is the great hall , and there is also a gallery , bedrooms , dinner service room , women servant ’ s sitting room , brushing room , beer cellar , lumber room , butler ’ s pantry , dining room , and a library . Balintor Castle was commissioned as a sporting lodge by David Lyon , MP , who had inherited a fortune made by his family through investments in the East India Company . Latterly the castle was only used during the shooting season . In the 1960s it was decided not to repair the extensive dry rot and it was abandoned . The castle then stood empty until 2007 , during which time its condition deteriorated to point of endangering the structure . Balintore Castle has been listed in the Scottish Civic Trust Buildings at Risk Register since it started in 1990 . Angus Council used its compulsory purchase powers to buy it from its absentee Far Eastern owners , and it is now in the hands of a Scotsman who intends to restore it and use it as a residence .