naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
35th Division ( German Empire ) The 35th Division ( " 35 . Division " ) was a unit of the Prussia n / German Army . It was formed on April 1 , 1890 , and was headquartered initially in Graudenz ( now Grudziądz , Poland ) and from 1912 in Thorn ( now Toruń , Poland ) . The division was subordinated in peacetime to the XVII Army Corps ( " XVII . Armeekorps " ) . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . The division was recruited primarily in the southern part of West Prussia , and included a relatively high percentage of Poles . Combat chronicle . The 35th Infantry Division began World War I on the Eastern Front . It fought in the battles of Gumbinnen and Tannenberg , and in the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes . In 1915 , it participated in the Gorlice - Tarnów Offensive . In October 1915 , it was transferred to the Western Front . In 1916 , it fought in the Battle of the Somme . In 1917 , it participated in the Battle of Arras and the Battle of Passchendaele . In 1918 , the division fought against various Allied offensives and counteroffensives , including the Hundred Days Offensive . Allied intelligence rated the division as a mediocre division and considered it second class by 1918 , mainly due to the losses it had suffered in the war ' s earlier battles . Pre - World War I organization . The organization of the 35th Division in 1914 , shortly before the outbreak of World War I , was as follows : Order of battle on mobilization . On mobilization in August 1914 at the beginning of World War I , most divisional cavalry , including brigade headquarters , was withdrawn to form cavalry divisions or split up among divisions as reconnaissance units . Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from their higher headquarters . The 35th Division was redesignated the 35th Infantry Division . Its initial wartime organization was as follows : Late World War I organization . Divisions underwent many changes during the war , with regiments moving from division to division , and some being destroyed and rebuilt . During the war , most divisions became triangular - one infantry brigade with three infantry regiments rather than two infantry brigades of two regiments ( a " square division " ) . An artillery commander replaced the artillery brigade headquarters , the cavalry was further reduced , the engineer contingent was increased , and a divisional signals command was created . The 35th Infantry Division ' s order of battle on March 28 , 1918 was as follows :
Dimitris Plapoutas Dimitris Koliopoulos Plapoutas ( ) ( May 15 , 1786 – July 1865 ) was a Greek general who fought during the Greek War of Independence against the rule of the Ottoman Empire . He was born on in Paloumba , Arcadia , the son of Kollias Plapoutas , an Armatolos , being this the reason why Theodoros Kolokotronis referred to him simply as " Koliopoulos " ( ) . In 1811 , he left Paloumba for the Ionian Islands where he became an officer in the British army . In 1818 , he joined the Filiki Eteria , which was planning to liberate Greece from Ottoman control . During the revolution , Dimitris Plapoutas took part in the Siege of Tripoli , the capture of the castle at Korinthos , the Battle of Valtetsi , the Battle of Maniaki and other battles . After independence , in 1833 , along with General Theodoros Kolokotronis and General Kitsos Tzavelas , Plapoutas supported Prince Otto of Bavaria as the King of Greece . However , later he opposed the Bavarian - dominated regency during his rule . He was charged with high treason and on June 7 , 1834 he was imprisoned at the Palamidi along with Kolokotronis and sentenced to death . He was later pardoned in 1835 . Plapoutas then became involved in Greek politics and served in Parliament ( 1844 – 1847 ) and in the Senate ( 1847 – 1862 ) . He was made an honorary bodyguard of King Otto and was entrusted with escorting him to his new kingdom . Plapoutas also had a brother , Giorgios , who fought alongside him in many battles and died in the Battle of Lalas . When he was around seventy years old , Plapoutas married a woman in her thirties and had one child , a girl named Athanasia . Plapoutas died shortly afterwards . His house still stands ( albeit heavily damaged from an earthquake during the 1960s ) in his home town of Paloumba , Arcadia .
Moses Rawlings Moses Rawlings ( 1740 – 1809 ) served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War , most notably at the Battle of Fort Washington . He attained the rank of lieutenant colonel before leaving the military in 1779 . He later served as the State Commissioner for Prisoners in Maryland . American Revolutionary War . Rawlings was appointed as first lieutenant in Capt . Michael Cresap ' s Independent Rifle Company from Frederick County , Maryland . However , shortly afterward Captain Cresap died , and Rawlings replaced him as company commander . On June 17 , 1776 , the company was joined to the newly formed Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment , and Rawlings was named the second in command and given the rank of lieutenant colonel . When the regimental commander , Col . Hugh Stephenson , died in August 1776 Rawlings then took command of the regiment . During the Battle of Fort Washington the Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment , commonly referred to as Rawlings ' Regiment and made up of about 250 riflemen at the battle , was positioned about a half mile north of Fort Washington on Manhattan Island . From November 2 to November 14 , 1776 , Rawlings ' men fought against German Hessian mercenaries . However , on the 16th they were finally pushed back to Fort Washington , which surrendered to the Germans shortly afterward . Rawlings was taken prisoner , as Washington wrote a letter on January 14 , 1777 , requesting Rawlings ' release from Joshua Loring as part of a prisoner exchange . Throughout the remainder of his military career , Rawlings often wrote to General Washington concerning pay for his soldiers and recruits , as he had difficulty paying his soldiers . Washington ' s response often included requests that Rawlings use his own money to pay his soldiers until more money could be obtained from Congress . Post - War . As of 1781 Rawlings was referred to as the ' State Commissioner of Prisoners ' out of Frederick Town , Maryland . Family . Rawlings was married to Elizabeth McMahon . He also had a son named Moses Rawlings .
Magdy Galal Sharawi Air Marshal Magdy Galal Sharawi ( born May , 1946 ) is a retired senior Egyptian Air Force officer . From 2002 to 2008 , he was the Commander of the Egyptian Air Force . Magdy Galal Sharawi graduated from the Egyptian Air Academy in 1966 . As a pilot he flew MiG - 15s , MiG - 17s , MiG - 21s and SU - 7s . From February 1997 to January 2000 he was the Director of the Egyptian Air Academy and in 2002 he was appointed as the Commander of the Egyptian Air Force . In late 2003 , Sharawi visited Pakistan , meeting the Pakistani Chief of the Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Kaleem Saadat . Following a number of senior appointments he was made Commander of the Egyptian Air Force on 1 March 2002 . Currently , he is an Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary to Switzerland . External links .
Montcalm and Wolfe Montcalm and Wolfe ( ISBN 0 - 306 - 80621 - 5 ) is the sixth volume in Francis Parkman ' s seven - volume history , " France and England in North America " , originally published in 1884 . It tells the story of the French and Indian War . Its title refers to Louis - Joseph de Montcalm and James Wolfe , the commanding generals of the French and English forces respectively and to whom the book devotes particular attention . Parkman considered the book his masterpiece . A centennial edition was published in 1984 by Atheneum , New York , with a foreword by C . Vann Woodward . The Atheneum edition was republished in 1995 by Da Capo Press , New York .
HMS Ardent ( 1796 ) HMS " Ardent " was a 64 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 9 April 1796 at Northfleet . She had been designed and laid down for the Honourable East India Company , but was purchased by the Navy after the outbreak of the French Revolutionary War . In 1801 , " Ardent " took part in the Battle of Copenhagen . In 1808 she was assigned to convoy duty , escorting British merchantmen between The Nore and Gothenburg . She was placed on harbour service in 1812 , and broken up in 1824 .
Alfred Schneidereit Alfred Schneidereit was an Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) in the Waffen SS who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . He was born on the 29 October 1919 at Insterburg in East Prussia . On the 15 November 1939 , he joined the SS - Verfügungstruppe and was posted to the 18th Company of Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler Regiment . He was attached to the Guard Battalion in Berlin and did not see active service in the Polish Campaign or the Battle of France . Then in 1940 he was posted to the 8th Company " LSSAH " in time for the Balkans Campaign . After the Balkans the " LSSAH " was moved to the east for Operation Barbarossa where Schneidereit was involved in the battles at Lutsk , Kherson , Taganrog and Rostov . In 1942 - 1943 the Division was sent to France to refit and Schneidereit now in the 8th Company , II . / 1st SS - Panzer Grenadier Regiment , returned to the Eastern Front to participate in the Third Battle of Kharkov , where Schneidereit was awarded the Infantry Assault Badge in Bronze . For his part in Operation Citadel he was awarded the Close Combat Clasp in Bronze and the Wound Badge in Black . In November 1943 Schneidereit ' s Division was returned to the Eastern Front for the Battle of Kursk where he was wounded twice more and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st class and the Knight ' s Cross from Adolf Hitler . Schneidereit , in command of a Panzerschreck anti - tank weapon knocked out five T34 tanks and two personnel carriers and also commanded a counterattack against Russian Infantry that was threatening to overrun his company ' s position . Schneidereit was also promoted to Scharführer ( Staff Sergeant ) for bravery in the face of the enemy , and posted to the officer training school at Bad Tölz , which he graduated from in October 1944 as a senior officer candidate ( SS - Standartenoberjunker ) . In January 1945 , he was promoted to SS - Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) and from April - May 1945 , was involved in operations east of Berlin as a company commander within the replacement battalion " LSSAH " . Once again he was wounded and surrendered to the Russians on 12 May 1945 .
Iko Carreira General Henrique " Iko " Teles Carreira ( 1933 – 2000 ) served as the first Defense Minister of Angola from 1975 to 1980 during the civil war . After the death of Agostinho Neto his position in the party weakened . He later served as ambassador to Algeria and military attaché to Spain . He was a fighter in the People ' s Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party ( MPLA ) , Agostinho Neto ' s armed wing fighting against Portuguese colonial occupation . Founder and commander in chief of the Angolan Armed Forces , he defeated the FNLA in the north and UNITA in the south during the first civil war . As Secretary of Defense , he thwarted an attempt at a coup led by Nito Alves . Considered to be the regime ' s second in command until Neto ' s death , he was the first African military officer to receive a degree as a general from the Soviet Union ' s ( Academia de Estado - Maior ) . General Iko Carreira knew and associated with Amílcar Cabral of Guinea - Bissau , Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique , and Lúcio Lara of Angola . The 27 of May 1977 Nito Alves attempted a coup that ended the lives of many former allies , including Saidy Mingas , and Dangere . The government arrested tens of thousands of suspected Nitistas , supporters of Nito Alves from May to November 1977 after they tried to overthrow President Agostinho Neto . Some suspects were then tried in secret court s overseen by Carreira . According to some accounts , those who were found guilty , including José Van - Dunem , Jacobo " Immortal Monster " Caetano , the head of the 8th Brigade , and political commissar Eduardo Evaristo , were then shot and buried in secret graves . General Iko Carreira ' s last struggle was to combat his illness , a stroke that paralysed his entire left side for the last 13 years of his life , writing two novels with one finger , on a special computer . The novels are titled : " O Pensamento Estrategico de Agostinho Neto " , Publicacoes Dom Quixote , and " Memorias " published in Angola by Nzila . In an article written for The Guardian , on June 6 , 2000 , Victoria Brittain wrote of General Iko Carreira : " He was brave , assured , mutli - lingual , wordly . . . Like his friend and mentor , President Neto , Carreira will always remain a reference point for Angolans for the heroic period of their history . He is survived by his wife , daughter , and four sons . "
JEATH War Museum The JEATH War Museum ( ) is one of two war museums in Thailand about the Death Railway built from 1942 to 1943 by Allied POW s under the direction of the Japanese , a part of the famous Thai - Burma railways . Founding . The museum was founded in 1977 by the chief abbot of Wat Chaichumpol Venerable Phra Theppanyasuthee . It is located on the grounds of a temple at the junction of the Khwae Yai and Khwae Noi rivers in Kanchanaburi and it is a part of the famous Bridge over the River Kwai saga . JEATH . The acronym JEATH stands for the primary nationalities involved in the construction of the railway : Japanese , English , Australian , American , Thai and Holland , whereas the Thai name is Phíphítháphan Songkhram Wát Tâi ( Wat Tai War Museum ) . The Museum . The museum is divided into two sections , depicting the construction of the Death Railway is meant to recreate the quarters used by Allied POWs , the reconstructed bamboo huts contain such items as paintings , drawing and photos of and by the prisoners , weapons , tools , maps and so forth . It includes a prehistoric view on the province as well as the Miss Thailand contest room . Tourist photos are not permitted in the museum .
USS Coghlan ( DD - 326 ) The first USS " Coghlan " ( DD - 326 ) was a " Clemson " - class destroyer in the United States Navy following World War I . She was named for Joseph Coghlan . History . " Coghlan " was launched 16 June 1920 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , San Francisco , California ; sponsored by Mrs . G . Coghlan ; and commissioned 31 March 1921 , Lieutenant ( junior grade ) C . Hupp in command . " Coghlan " arrived at Charleston , South Carolina , 28 December 1921 for operations in East Coast and Caribbean waters . " Coghlan " took part in the funeral ceremonies for President Warren G . Harding at Washington ( 7 – 9 August 1923 ) and served as a plane guard in the North Atlantic ( 24 July – 6 September 1924 ) during the Army ' s round the - world flight . From 18 June 1925 to 11 July 1926 she served with U . S . Naval Forces Europe in the Mediterranean protecting American interests . The destroyer returned to her cruising along the east coast and in the Caribbean , served as an exhibition vessel at the Philadelphia Sesquicentennial Exposition during the summer of 1926 , cruised with the Special Service Squadron off Nicaragua ( 3 February – 31 March 1927 ) , and took part in the Presidential Fleet Review , in Hampton Roads , 4 June 1927 . She was decommissioned at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 1 May 1930 , and sold for scrapping 17 January 1931 under terms of the London Naval Treaty .
56 ( Olpherts ) Battery Royal Artillery Present day . 56 ( Olpherts ) Battery is currently the Headquarters Battery of 39th Regiment Royal Artillery , providing the command element , and various other functions such as communications , training , logistics , and HR administration . It is the largest of the six batteries in the regiment . History . 56 ( Olpherts ) Headquarters Battery RA has its origins in India as 5 Company , 3 Battalion , The Bengal Artillery , which was formed on 2 June 1786 . The Indian mutiny of 1857 played a significant part in Battery history . During the first relief of Lucknow , Captain William Olpherts or " Hellfire Jack " as he was known , won the Victoria Cross for conspicuous gallantry ; he charged the enemy on horseback and captured two rebel guns that were pouring fire onto the flanks of the advancing forces . To commemorate this distinction , on 19 October 1966 , the honour title " Olpherts " was awarded to 56 Battery RA . First World War . During the First World War the Battery saw action at Mons , Hooge , Arras , Bethume , Le Cateau , Cambrai and Le Basse . Second World War . In the Second World War the Battery was again involved in Malta and Italy . Post Second World War . The Bty was a Special Weapons Battery for some years , and served in 36 Regt , along with 168 Bty and 60 Bty in Malta until 1957 . It moved to Shoeburyness in Essex . Post Cold War . In more recent times the Battery has served operationally in Northern Ireland , The Gulf conflict , Cyprus and Afghanistan . In 1975 and 1977 the Battery did tours of NI based in Lurgan and then again in 1979 / 80 based in Belfast . In 1982 / 3 the Battery relocated from 27 Field Regiment Royal Artillery based in Lippstadt to 39 Regiment based in Sennelager In 1995 the Battery relocated from Sennelager to Albemarle Barracks , near Newcastle upon Tyne where it is situated today . In the late 1990s , the Battery deployed to Northern Ireland with the Regiment three times ; in July 1998 the Battery deployed to Northern Ireland as the Urban Reinforcement Battalion , June 2000 as Northern Ireland Battalion , and in 2002 as NIBAT 3 Belfast . In 2006 - 7 the Battery formed the Support Battery for the 39 Regt RA deployment to Operation TOSCA as part of the UN Force in Cyprus ( UNFICYP ) . in 2007 - 2008 , immediately following the end of the Op TOSCA tour , the Battery dropped the ' Headquarters ' part of its title and formed itself as an equipment battery in readiness to deploy to Op HERRICK 7 in support of 52 Inf Bde in September 2007 . It was equipped with two troops of M270 - B1 MLRS launchers firing the M31 G - MLRS ( Unitary ) Rocket . The most notable success was its firing of the opening salvo as a combined force of Coalition and Afghan Forces captured the town of Musa Qa L ' Eh in Northern Helmand in early December 2007 . On return to the UK at the end of the highly successful tour , it returned to its conventional role providing the command and control element to 39 Regt RA . Its soldiers have consistently supported the ongoing deployment of other batteries in 39 Regt RA .
Federal Civil Defense Administration The Federal Civil Defense Administration ( FCDA ) was organized by President Harry S . Truman on 1 December 1950 through Executive Order 10186 , and became an official government agency via the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 on 12 January 1951 . In 1958 the FCDA was superseded by the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization when President Dwight D . Eisenhower merged the FCDA with the Office of Defense Mobilization . In its early years , the agency attempted to put forward a comprehensive nationwide plan for fallout shelters , but confusion over goals led to insufficient budgets passing Congress , and in later years , the agency focused on evacuation as a strategy . The FCDA was first headed by Millard Caldwell under Truman , then Val Peterson ( under Eisenhower ) . Background . The predecessor to the FCDA , the Office of Civilian Defense was abolished in June 1945 with the end of World War II . In the period between the end of the World War and 1949 , when the Soviet Union detonated their first atomic weapon , little was given to the topic of civil defense . After the Soviets demonstration of their first atomic weapon there was a feeling of the need to " do something " throughout both the American public and government . This lead to , among many actions , the creation of the Federal Civil Defense Administration by President Harry S . Truman in 1950 .
HMS Barbados ( K504 ) HMS " Barbados " was a Colony - class frigate of the United Kingdom that served during World War II . She originally was ordered by the United States Navy as the " Tacoma " - class patrol frigate USS " Halsted " ( PF - 76 ) – sometimes spelled " Halstead " – and was transferred to the Royal Navy prior to completion . Construction and acquisition . The ship , originally designated a " patrol gunboat , " PG - 184 , was ordered by the United States Maritime Commission under a United States Navy contract as USS " Halsted " . She was reclassified as a " patrol frigate , " PF - 76 , on 15 April 1943 and laid down by the Walsh - Kaiser Company at Providence , Rhode Island , on 11 May 1943 . Intended for transfer to the United Kingdom , the ship was renamed " Barbados " by the British prior to launching and was launched on 27 August 1943 , sponsored by Miss Anna M . Pacheco . Service history . Transferred to the United Kingdom under Lend - Lease on 18 December 1943 , the ship served in the Royal Navy as HMS " Barbados " ( K504 ) on patrol and escort duty . Disposal . The United Kingdom returned " Barbados " to the U . S . Navy on 15 April 1946 . She was sold to the Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Chester , Pennsylvania , on 30 October 1947 for scrapping .
Kraków - Rakowice - Czyżyny Airport Kraków - Rakowice - Czyżyny Airport is a disused airport in Kraków , Poland , one of the oldest permanent airfields in Europe , open for occasional traffic by certain types of aircraft . A portion of it is now the site of the Polish Aviation Museum with a 720 - metre long and 60 - metre wide segment of the original concrete runway restored for use by the museum for light planes ( to 7 , 500 kg ) and helicopter s . History . The airfield has its beginnings as a military airport established in the borough of Rakowice in 1912 , one of the most modern and largest in Poland at the time . It was built for the needs of the Austro - Hungarian Empire along with an army garrison . In 1917 the airfield became one of the stopovers in the first European air mail service linking Vienna with Kiev and Odessa . The airport was in continuous use to 1963 , until the relocation of the Kraków passenger airport 16 km westwards , to the village of Balice . The expansion of nearby Nowa Huta district of Kraków forced its closure . In June 2004 , a portion of the airport contiguous with the Polish Aviation Museum was reopened as a police helicopter base and for an occasional fixed - wing aircraft traffic on runway 26 for an annual two - day air show held on the last weekend of June . The museum is also likely to use this airfield for flying some of its collection or acquiring new exhibits .