naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Commodore Perry USS " Commodore Perry " ( 1858 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the first year of the American Civil War . " Commodore Perry " was outfitted as a gunboat with heavy guns and a large crew of 125 officers and enlisted personnel . Her powerful guns were capable of doing considerable damage to blockade runners or shore fortifications of the Confederate States of America . Built in New York in 1859 . " Commodore Perry " — an armed , side - wheel ferry — was built in 1859 by Stack and Joyce , Williamsburg , New York ; purchased by the Navy on 2 October 1861 ; and commissioned later in the month , Acting Master F . J . Thomas in command . The ship was named in honor of Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry , who commanded American forces on Lake Erie in the War of 1812 , and his brother Matthew Calbraith Perry , who negotiated the historic treaty which opened Japan to American commerce , and who had died the previous year , in 1858 . Civil War service . Assigned to the North Atlantic blockade . " Commodore Perry " sailed from Hampton Roads , Virginia on 17 January 1862 to join the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron , and on 7 – 8 February took part in the attack , in cooperation with the Union Army , which resulted in the surrender of Roanoke Island , part of the long campaign through which the Navy secured key coastal points . " Commodore Perry " took part in the capture of Elizabeth City , North Carolina on 10 February , and the next day captured the schooner " Lynnhaven " . As operations along the North Carolina coast continued , she joined in the capture of and in March , and in April took singly or in concert with others of her squadron four schooners and a sloop in the Pasquotank River and New Begun Creek . On 3 October , " Commodore Perry " joined in an Army - Navy expedition against Franklin , Virginia , and on 10 December joined an attack against Plymouth , North Carolina . Four crewmen were awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions during the expedition against Franklin : Boatswain ' s Mate John Breen , Seaman Daniel Lakin , Seaman Alfred Peterson , and Seaman John Williams . After another combined expedition against Hertford , North Carolina on 30 January 1863 , " Commodore Perry " patrolled constantly in Pamlico and Albemarle Sound s and the streams which enter them , frequently exchanging fire with small detachments of Confederates ashore . Repaired at Norfolk and at Baltimore . Repaired at Norfolk , Virginia and Baltimore , Maryland late in 1863 , she returned to her squadron in March 1864 for duty in the inland and coastal waters of Virginia on picket , guard , and patrol duty , joining in many amphibious expeditions , until the close of the war . Post - war decommissioning . She sailed from Norfolk for New York City on 12 June 1865 , and there was decommissioned on 26 June and sold on 12 July . Note . As of 2005 , no other ship in the United States Navy has been named " Commodore Perry " . See and for other ships named for Oliver Hazard Perry .
Daniel Roberdeau Daniel Roberdeau ( 1727 – January 5 , 1795 ) was an American merchant residing in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania at the time of the American War of Independence . He represented Pennsylvania from 1777 to 1779 in the Continental Congress . Roberdeau served as a brigadier general in the Pennsylvania state militia during the war . He was a signer of the Articles of Confederation . Family and early life . Roberdeau was born in 1727 on the Island of St . Christopher in the West Indies . His father was a Huguenot immigrant named Isaac Roberdeau ; his mother , a Scot , Mary Cunningham . After the death of his father , he immigrated to Philadelphia with his mother and sisters . Roberdeau became a timber merchant and , for a number of years , served on the Board of Managers for a hospital in Philadelphia . Early service . Roberdeau was active in establishing Freemasonry in Philadelphia , which brought him to the attention of Benjamin Franklin and other civic leaders . He was elected to the Pennsylvania Colonial Assembly , serving from 1756 to 1760 , but then declined further service . Revolutionary War service . When war neared , he joined the Associators ( as the Pennsylvania rebel militia was known ) , and was made colonel of his regiment . In May 1776 he presided at several public meetings calling for the existing Pennsylvania delegation to the Continental Congress to be replaced with members who supported a Declaration of Independence . As a result , he was named to the , and on July 4 , 1776 was named a brigadier general in the state militia . Congressional service . Roberdeau was first elected to the Continental Congress in February 1777 and served there until 1779 . Later that year , when the Continental Army entered winter quarters at Valley Forge , he worked with General Washington to set up a militia support network known as the Flying Camp , and served as its commander . In April 1778 , Roberdeau took a short leave from Congress . He had noted the shortage of powder and shot in the army , and used the time off to establish a lead mine in Bedford County . To protect the mine and camp from Indian attacks , he built a palisade , Fort Roberdeau , at his own expense . Historically , Roberdeau ' s fort was known as the " Lead Mine Fort " . It has been reconstructed near its original site in Sinking Valley ( near present day Altoona , Blair County , Pennsylvania . After the war he moved to Alexandria , Virginia , and eventually settled in Winchester , where he died in 1795 . He is buried in the Mt . Hebron Cemetery there . His son , Isaac Roberdeau , became a civil engineer and U . S . Army officer , who helped Pierre L ' Enfant lay out the plan for Washington , D . C . .
Slovak Air Force ( 1939 – 45 ) The Slovak Air Force ( " Slovenské vzdušné zbrane " , or SVZ ) , between 1939 and 1945 , was the air force of the short - lived World War II Slovak Republic . Its mission was to provide air support at fronts , and to protect Bratislava and metropolitan areas against enemy air strikes . These units supported Axis Powers offensives in Ukraine and Russian Central front under the lead of Luftwaffe in the Stalingrad and Caucasus operations . One of their first air battles was during the Hungarian reoccupation of the Carpatho - Ruthenia area on March 1939 ( see Slovak - Hungarian War ) , in which they suffered some losses against " Magyar Királyi Honvéd Légierö " ( Hungarian Air Force ) . They also participated in the Polish Campaign on September 1939 . For the rest of the war , Slovak A . F . confronted USAAF and RAF during their raids against the country . The engagement in the Eastern Front resulted in great losses of aircraft and personnel . The symbol of the Slovak air force was a white - blue with red circle cross on tail and wings amongst yellow paint in engine cover and vertical line in fuselage . The aircraft for training was supplied by Germany and Italy . To defend Slovak air space , the air force used Messerschmitt 109 ( E and G types ) , Avia B - 534 , and some other interceptor types . It was also helped by Luftwaffe units active in the area . When Romanians and Russians entered Slovakia , with some captured aircraft and defectors they organized local Insurgent Air Force to continue their fight against Axis forces in country , others served voluntarily in Luftwaffe units ; later these air units were integrated to National Air Force after the end of the war .
List of Kentucky ' s American Civil War generals During the American Civil War , the Commonwealth of Kentucky contributed a large number of officers , politicians , and troops to the war efforts of both the Union and Confederacy . Most notable among all of these were Abraham Lincoln , President of the United States ( born near Hodgenville , Kentucky and Jefferson Davis , President of the Confederate States ( born in Fairview , Kentucky ) . The following is a partial list of generals or naval officers ( at or above the rank of commodore ) either born in Kentucky or living in Kentucky when they joined the army or navy ( or in a few cases , men who were buried in Kentucky following the war , although they did not directly serve in Kentucky units ) . Those given the temporary or honorary rank of brevet brigadier general , are also included in this list .
4 . 2 cm Pak 41 The 4 . 2 cm Pak 41 was a light anti - tank gun issued to German airborne units in World War II . This gun was externally similar to the 3 . 7 cm Pak 36 , and used a modified version of the latter ' s carriage , but used the squeeze bore principle ( in German called " Gerlich " after Hermann Gerlich who developed the principle in the 1920s , reportedly for a hunting rifle ) to boost its velocity , and hence armor - piercing ability . The bore had a diameter of 42 mm at the chamber , but tapered down to 28 mm at the muzzle . Production was terminated in May 1942 after the delivery of 136 guns . By November 1944 , 41 remained in service .
Charles Frederick Schomberg Charles Frederick Schomberg ( died 1 October 1874 ) , was an officer of the Royal Navy . He reached the rank of vice - admiral . He was the eldest son of Admiral Alexander Wilmot Schomberg by his second marriage . The ship , which was built at Liverpool , and which sank in 1855 off Shipwreck Coast , Peterborough , Victoria , was named after him . He was then a captain and was running the migration to Liverpool , New South Wales . Career . Schomberg entered the navy on 16 May 1829 and was promoted to lieutenant on 28 June 1838 . He served in this rank aboard several ships in the Mediterranean , joining on 13 July 1838 , and serving under Captain John Lawrence . He moved to Captain Horatio Thomas Austin ' s on 3 February 1841 , and then followed Austin as an additional lieutenant aboard in November 1843 . Schomberg was promoted to commander on 10 February 1844 and was appointed second in command of , under the command of Captain Henry John Leeke , on 21 June 1845 , serving with the Channel Squadron . He followed Leeke to his next ship , joining the gunnery training ship as second in command on 6 December 1847 , and from 7 January 1848 Schomberg was second in command of , under Captain George Goldsmith . " Wellesley " was at this time the flagship of Thomas Cochrane , 10th Earl of Dundonald on the North America and West Indies Station . Schomberg was promoted to captain on 10 July 1851 , and served as commander of in the Channel Fleet from 25 May 1859 until 9 January 1860 . He was captain of , the guardship of the steam reserve at Sheerness from 10 January 1860 until 13 February 1862 , and then moved to command as a coastguard ship at Leith until her replacement by on 29 February 1864 . Schomberg took over command of " Trafalgar " and was with her until March 1865 . He had no further active service , and was promoted to rear - admiral on the retired list on 24 May 1867 , and then vice - admiral on the retired list on 29 May 1873 . Charles Schomberg died at Holyhead on 1 October 1874 . His daughter , Emily Caroline Schomberg , married Admiral Charles Ramsay Arbuthnot .
Ararat Center for Strategic Research The ARARAT Center for Strategic Research is a leading Armenian think tank on security issues . It was founded in August 2006 , located in Yerevan , Armenia , and is led by Yerevan - based historian and political scientist . Role . The ARARAT Center positions itself as a home - grown , politically unaffiliated , academic research center that is establishing an independent national school of strategic thought . The Center ' s primary aims are : Research . The Center specializes in research on Armenia ' s geopolitics , military history , and identity among other topics . Its website offers a wealth of information , in - depth research , analysis and data on the Armenian - Turkish conflict , Artsakh ( Nagorno - Karabakh ) , Javakhk , information warfare , national identity , and related fields . Publications . Pro - Patria is one of the most exclusive and sought - out works published by the Center . Released between 2006 - 2007 , Pro - Patria is a two - volume publication containing a series of selected studies including analysis and facts on strategy and security . It was compiled and edited by the Head of the Center , Dr . Armen Ayvazyan . Resources . Most of the Center ' s publications are available on its website . Additionally , the Center offers a newly established online library of related literature .
Siege of Mount Hiei The 1571 was , according to Stephen Turnbull , so one - sided that it should more rightfully be called a massacre than a siege or battle . Oda Nobunaga led 30 , 000 men in destroying towns and temples on the mountain and near its base . This event would mark the end of the great power of Mt . Hiei ' s warrior monks . The Tendai monks of Mt . Hiei were long great enemies of Oda Nobunaga , due to their strength and independence , and due to their alliance with the Azai and Asakura clans . Beginning on September 29 , Nobunaga ' s men attacked the town of Sakamoto at the base of the mountain before moving up towards the Tendai temples . He then destroyed the Hiyoshi shrine honoring the kami of the mountain , Sannō . Nobunaga ' s massive force encircled the mountain and gradually moved upwards , killing and destroying anyone or anything in their way . Eventually , they made their way to Enryaku - ji , the powerful and famous temple at the summit , which was razed to the ground . His arquebus iers then formed search parties and eliminated anyone who had previously escaped their attack .
Charles Frederick Ehret Charles Frederick Ehret ( died February 24 , 2007 ) was a World War II veteran ( Battle of the Bulge / Ardennes along the Siegfried Line ) as well as a world renowned molecular biologist who worked at Argonne National Laboratory ( ANL ) in Lemont , Illinois , USA , for 40 years . Dr . Ehret researched the effects of electromagnetic radiation on bacillus megaterium with Dr . Edward Lawrence ( Larry ) Powers , as well as the effects of time shifts on paramecia , rats and humans . A graduate of City College of CCNY ( College of the City of New York ) and the University of Notre Dame , Ehret formulated the term " circadian dyschronism " , popularized the term " zeitgeber " ( " time giver " ) in the 1980s while appearing on morning TV news shows , and helped millions of travellers overcome Jet Lag with the Jet Lag Diet , and the recently updated ( 2009 ) international best - seller The Cure for Jet Lag book by Lynne W . Scanlon and Charles F . Ehret , Ph . D , both available online . Ehret once created the world ' s largest spectrograph , a rainbow long , that was large enough to bathe many petri dishes of tetrahymena in each 100 pm of the color spectrum . During World War II , Ehret served with the Army ' s 87th Infantry Division . He was decorated with the Purple Heart and Bronze Star . Ehret died at his home in Grayslake , Illinois on February 24 , 2007 .
Hugh Henry Gough General Sir Hugh Henry Gough , VC , GCB ( ; 14 November 1833 – 12 May 1909 ) , was born into an Anglo - Irish aristocratic family in Calcutta , Bengal , India , and was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Gough was 23 years old , and a lieutenant in the 1st Bengal European Light Cavalry ( later 19th Hussars ) during the Indian Mutiny , when the following deeds took place for which he was awarded the VC : Later career . Gough achieved the rank of General . He was appointed Keeper of the Jewel House at the Tower of London and Lieutenant - Governor of the Channel Islands . Family . General Gough was the son of Judge George Gough and Charlotte Margaret Becher . He was brother to General Sir Charles J . S . Gough , VC , and uncle of the World War I commanders General Sir Hubert Gough and Brigadier General Sir John Edmund Gough , VC . He was the grandson of Field Marshal The 1st Viscount Gough . His daughter , Charlotte Elise Gough ( died 17 August 1942 ) , married the World War I commander Lt - General Sir Henry Fuller Maitland Wilson , by whom she had three children :
Franz Strasser Franz Strasser ( 1899 – 2 January 1946 ) was an Austrian - German former NSDAP Kreisleiter and convicted murderer . Action . In December 1944 , in Kaplitz , Czechoslovakia ( now Czech Republic ) , Franz Strasser killed two American allied airmen by shooting them with a Thompson submachine gun . They were members of a group of five who stayed with pilot Warren Woodruff when he landed the plane in a field and had voluntarily surrendered and were taken away in a truck . A Captain Lindemeyer , who later committed suicide , reportedly killed the other three , and the court verdict suggests that the killings were originally Lindemeyer ' s idea . Trial and execution . On 24 August 1945 , he was tried , with someone translating for him . He was found guilty and was sentenced to execution by hanging at Landsberg Prison . On 2 January 1946 , he was hanged and died instantly as German Catholic priest and longtime hospital chaplain Karl Morgenschweis prayed for the convicted murderer .
2 / 3rd Machine Gun Battalion ( Australia ) The 2 / 3rd Machine Gun Battalion was formed on June 1940 as part of the 7th Division and served in Egypt , Syria and Netherland East Indies . The majority of the battalion was captured during the Battle of Java , with those which escaped becoming attached to the 6th Division and served in Papua New Guinea . The battalion was disbanded in January 1946 . From the battalion ' s founding until its disbandment it was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Blackburn .
Frank Halford Major Frank Bernard Halford CBE FRAeS ( 7 March 1894 – 16 April 1955 ) was an English aircraft engine designer . He is best known for the series of de Havilland Gipsy engines , widely used by light aircraft in the 1920s and 30 ' s . Career . Educated at Felsted , In 1913 he left the University of Nottingham before graduating to learn to fly at Brooklands the Bristol Flying School at Brooklands , later becoming a flight instructor for Bristol . In 1914 he joined the Aeronautical Inspection Department of the War Office On the outbreak of the First World War he joined the Royal Flying Corps where he fought at the front . Recalled to engineering duties he improved and enlarged the water - cooled six - cylinder Austro - Daimler , producing the 230 hp ( 170 kW ) Beardmore Halford Pullinger ( BHP ) . This engine was further developed by Siddeley - Deasy as the Puma . In 1922 he rode a 4 - valve Triumph Ricardo in the Senior TT , finishing 13th . That same year he was commissioned to produce a luxury motorcycle for Vauxhall . Based on aero - engine principles , it featured an in - line unit construction four cylinder engine , with shaft drive to the rear wheel . Four examples were made , one exists in a private collection in the Isle of Man . In 1923 he set up his own consultancy in London , alongside the equally influential engine designer Harry Ricardo . There he designed the famous de Havilland Gipsy air - cooled inline engines , copying the success of the Cirrus Engine company in the general aviation role . During this period Frank Halford also designed and had built the AM Halford Special racing car which he raced at Brooklands in the 1926 RAC British Grand Prix , as well as in many other races in 1925 and 1926 . During the 1930s Halford and Harry Ricardo became interested in the sleeve valve as a method of increasing the allowable operating RPM and compression ratio of piston engines , thereby increasing the power from an otherwise smaller engine . Halford worked with Napier & Son on their Sabre design which would go on to be one of the most powerful piston aero engines , producing 3 , 500 hp ( 2 . 6 MW ) from only 2200 cubic inches ( 36 L ) in late - war versions . During the war he became interested in jet engines , and designed a simplified version of Frank Whittle ' s centrifugal - flow designs with the air intake on the front and " straight - through " combustion chambers . Known initially as the Halford H . 1 , the project was taken up by de Havilland who produced it as the de Havilland Goblin . Halford ' s company was eventually purchased outright by de Havilland in 1944 . Halford continued working on jets , turboprop and rocket engines .
George Henry Richards Admiral Sir George Henry Richards , KCB FRS ( 13 January 1820 – 14 November 1896 ) was Hydrographer to the British Admiralty from 1864 to 1874 . Early life . Richards was born in Antony , Cornwall , the son of Captain G . S . Richards , and joined the navy in 1832 . Opium War and promotion to captain . He served in the Opium Wars against China , in South America , the Falkland Islands , New Zealand and Australia . He was promoted to captain in 1854 and from 1857 to 1864 he was in command of the two survey ships and . Survey work in Canada . He was the second British commissioner to the San Juan Islands Boundary Commission and a hydrographer on the coast of British Columbia in 1857 - 62 . He is responsible for the selection and designation of dozens of placenames along the British Columbia coast . In the Vancouver area , for example , he named False Creek . In 1859 , after his engineer Francis Brockton found a vein of coal , he named Brockton Point and the area of Coal Harbour . In 1860 , he named Mount Garibaldi after Giuseppe Garibaldi . Other landmarks in the area named by him are the Britannia Range , and Brunswick Mountain and many features in the Howe Sound , Sunshine Coast , and Jervis Inlet areas . In 1864 he was appointed Hydrographer and held that position until 1874 when he retired . Later life . He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1866 He was knighted in 1877 , received the KCB in 1881 and became an Admiral in 1884 . He died in Bath , Somerset aged 76 . A portrait of him by Stephen Pearce , dated 1865 , hangs in the National Portrait Gallery in London .
Russian corvette Navarin The Russian corvette " Navarin " ( ) was an Egyptian corvette captured during the Russo - Turkish War of 1828 – 1829 and placed into service by the Russians . She remained in the Mediterranean until 1830 when she was transferred to the Baltic Fleet . " Navarin " remained there until she was ordered to the Far East in late 1853 . She was so badly damaged by a series of storms en route that she was deemed too expensive to repair and was sold for scrap in the Netherlands in 1854 . Description and career . " Navarin " was long between perpendiculars , with a beam of and a draft of . She was armed with four 12 - pounder smoothbore guns and sixteen 18 - pounder smoothbore carronade s . Her crew numbered 160 officers and enlisted men . Almost nothing is known about " Navarin " s early history other than she was built in Venice . She was named " Nessabih Sabah " and was serving as a sixth rate corvette in the Ottoman Egyptian Navy when she was captured by the frigate and the ship of the line off Modon , Greece on 21 April 1828 during the Russo - Turkish War . The ship was renamed " Navarin " , after the recent naval victory over the Turks in the Battle of Navarino , and used by the Russians against the Turks in the Mediterranean for the rest of the war . The ship was placed under the command of 27 - year - old Commander ( later Admiral ) Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov , and he commanded her during the Dardanelles blockade of the Russo - Turkish War ( 1828 – 1829 ) , under Admiral Mikhail Lazarev . She was ordered to Kronstadt in 1830 and served with the Baltic Fleet for most of the rest of her career . The ship was sent to Denmark in 1850 during the First Schleswig War between the Danes and the Prussians to show Russian support for the Danes . Three years later , " Navarin " was ordered to the Far East , but was twice forced to put into Portsmouth in November and December 1853 to repair storm damage suffered in the North Sea . On her third attempt , the ship reached the North Atlantic , but again was badly damaged during a storm and was forced to seek refuge in Vlissingen , the Netherlands . The cost to repair the ship was uneconomical and " Navarin " was sold there in 1854 for ƒ 36 , 161 .