naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Franz Kleffner Franz Kleffner was an Obersturmbannführer ( Lieutenant Colonel ) in the Waffen SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . This was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Franz Kleffner was born on the 2 July 1907 at Altena . He was one of the early members of the SS joining in December 1930 ( SS service number 7 . 939 ) . He was selected to become an office and promoted to Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) in April 1935 and Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) by the start of World War II , when he was given command of the 13th Company , SS " Totenkopf " Infantry Regiment in the newly formed SS " Totenkopf Division . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross , while in command of the SS Motorcycle Battalion , SS " Totenkopf " in February 1942 , while fighting on the Eastern Front during Operation Barbarossa . In early February , the Soviets captured Bjakowo , cutting off the Totenkopf , from the main German force , II . Armeekorps , encircled around Demyansk . Sturmbannführer Franz Kleffner took over the command at Bjakowo and on February 19 , he led the survivors in an assault which resulted in a breakthrough to the main force , an action for which he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross on 21 February . He was killed on 16 March 1945 during the Soviet offensive north of Lake Velence in Hungary when the armoured personnel carrier he was travelling in was hit by a Soviet shell .
Elise Kemp Sister Elise Margaret Kemp ( 19 June 1881 — 20 October 1917 ) was a New Zealand born nurse and nursing sister who served in the Territorial Forces Nursing Service . She was the only New Zealand nurse killed in action during World War I . Early years . She was born in Wellington , New Zealand in 1881 ( some sources erroneously cite 1882 ) to Dr . William George Kemp , a physician and surgeon , alumnus of the University of Durham , originally from England , and his wife , Charlotte . The couple married on 17 February 1870 and would have six children . Two of their sons followed their father ' s vocation , becoming physicians themselves . By 1901 the Kemp family relocated to London , living in West Dulwich . Elise Kemp began studying nursing in 1904 at the nearby King ' s College Hospital . She was graduated on 12 February 1908 , and began working as a Ward Sister . In 1914 she became a member of the London - based Territorial Forces Nursing Service ( TFNS ) . Two of her brothers , who had qualified as physicians joined up with the Royal Army Medical Corps and served overseas . In January 1916 she was posted to the Western Front . Death . On 20 October 1917 , she was treating casualties at a clearing station which was bombed by an enemy aircraft . Kemp , three orderlies and three patients were killed . The Matron - in - Chief made the following entry in the unit ' s war diary : " " Went on to Godwaersvelde to 37 C . C . S . where I saw the O . C . and learnt the particulars of the very trying incident of the night before . Fortunately they had just evacuated and they had only 30 patients in hospital , or the casualties would have been very great . There had been no warning at all beforehand and the bombs landed close to a marquee where the sister , 3 orderlies and 3 patients were killed and other were wounded , two of whom lost their arms . " " Elise Kemp was the only nurse from New Zealand to be killed in action on the Western Front during World War I . Tribute . On November 3 , 1917 the " British Journal of Nursing " recorded her death as follows : OUR ROLL OF HONOUR . " " Great sorrow has been caused at King ' s College Hospital , Denmark Hill , by the news of the death of Sister Elise M . Kemp , of the Territorial Force Nursing Service . Sister Kemp , who was trained at King ' s College Hospital , and afterwards promoted to the position of Sister , was a great favourite with her colleagues , both at home and abroad . At the time of her death she was working at a Casualty Clearing Station in France , where she was killed instantaneously by the explosion of a bomb . We offer our sincere sympathy to her parents , Dr . and Mrs . Kemp , of Hastings , in their bereavement . " " Burial . Sister Kemp is interred in the CWGC British Cemetery just outside Godewaersvelde . Legacy . There is a memorial window in the chapel at Kings College Hospital to Sister Elise Kemp . Her brothers survived the war and returned to New Zealand to practice medicine .
18th Infantry Division ( France ) The 18th Infantry Division ( ) was a French Army formation during World War I and World War II . It commanded the 32nd , 66th and 77th Infantry Regiments for the entirety of the war , as well as the 135th Infantry regiment ( until early 1917 ) and the 71st Territorial Infantry Regiment ( from late 1918 ) . It was part of the French 9th Corps , during which it participated in the First Battle of the Marne , the First Battle of the Aisne , the First Battle of Ypres , the Second Battle of Artois and Third Battle of Artois , the Battle of Verdun , the Battle of the Somme , the Battle of the Lys , the Battle of Matz , the Fourth Battle of Champagne , the Second Battle of the Marne and the Meuse - Argonne Offensive . At various times , it was part of the French First Army , French Second Army , French Third Army , French Fourth Army , French Fifth Army , French Sixth Army , French Eighth Army , French Ninth Army and French Tenth Army . During the Battle of France in May 1940 the division was made up of the following units : It was a Series A reserve division which contained younger reservist s .
Colmar – Meyenheim Air Base Colmar - Meyenheim Air Base ( Base Aerienne 132 ) is an airbase in the Alsace region of France , near the German and Swiss borders . The base is 15 km south of Colmar , east of Autoroute A35 . The base is bordered by farmland to the west , and surrounded by forest on its other sides . History . The construction of the Colmar - Meyenheim Air Base began in 1951 . The first unit to arrive was Escadre de Chasse 013 with F - 86 Sabres and T - 33 trainer aircraft . Escadre de Chasse 013 members lived on the base until the united disbanded on June 23 , 1995 . Escadre de Chasse 030 Alsace and Normandie - Niemen were the two squadrons in operation on the base after the disbandment of Escadre de Chasse 013 . The Régiment de Chasse 01 / 030 Normandie - Niémen was formed six months after Germany invaded the USSR in June 1941 . The unit was created for cooperation between the Free French and the Soviet Union governments . There were initially 12 fighter pilots serving the German - Russian front , but the group was officially declared Groupe de Chasse GC 3 Normandie on September 1 , 1942 with Commandant Pouliquen in command . After training on Yakovlev Yak - 7 in January 1943 , Commandant Jean Tulasne took command of the group . Between March 22 , 1943 and May 9 , 1945 , the unit destroyed 273 enemy aircraft . It received awards from both France and the Soviet Union : The French Légion d ’ Honneur and the Soviet Order of the Red Banner . Joseph Stalin awarded the name " Niémen " after the battle of the Neman River in 1944 . The group flew to Morocco in March 1947 , trading Vulture 11s for the first of the Mirage F1Cs . The EC 02 / 30 unit departed North Africa on March 13 , 1962 . In December 1973 , the base turned to Air Defense . Aircraft . In 1951 , F86 Sabre ' s and T - 33 trainer aircraft arrived at the base . The Mirage IIIC arrived in 1962 , the Dassault Mirage III E in 1965 , the Dassault Mirage 5 F in 1972 and finally the Dassault Mirage F1 CT in 1992 . The aircraft remaining after disbandment were transferred to Reims - Champagne air base . Disbanding . The Régiment de Chasse 02 / 030 Normandie - Niémen was merged with The Régiment de Chasse 01 / 030 Normandie - Niémen in 2007 . The French Government announced in July 2008 that all flying activities at the base would cease one year later . General Jean - Paul Paloméros , the Chief of Air Force Staff , led the ceremony for dissolution of the base . The closure of the base was a restructuring of the air force . The French Army started taking over base in July 2010 . Six Mirage F1Bs and about twelve F1CTs will relocate to Reims - Champagne . The Mirage F1 will continue to operate for 4 – 5 years after the closure . The RC 02 / 030 unit was expected to return in 2012 with the Rafale Aircraft . Meteorological station . The air base hosts a meteorological station maintained by Météo - France ; the station is the sixth driest in France ( after Marignane – Marseille Provence Airport , Perpignan , Clermont - Ferrand , Chartres and Évreux ) of the French meterorological service network .
Derek Boorman Lieutenant - General Sir Derek Boorman KCB ( born 30 September 1930 ) was a senior British Army officer . Military career . Educated at Wolstanton Grammar School and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst , Boorman was commissioned into the North Staffordshire Regiment in 1950 . He was Deputy Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster General at Headquarters 48th Gurkha Infantry Brigade and subsequently Commander of 51st Brigade in Hong Kong . He was appointed Director of Military Operations at the Ministry of Defence in 1980 and Commander of British Forces in Hong Kong in 1982 . He went on to be Chief of Defence Intelligence in 1985 : in that capacity he took the view that the Mikhail Gorbachev ' s proposals for internal reform and deep cuts in missile stocks were genuine . He retired from the British Army in 1988 . He was also Colonel of the 6th Queen Elizabeth ' s Own Gurkha Rifles from 1983 to 1988 . Retirement . In October 1992 he was appointed a Member of the Government ' s Security Commission and in 1996 he accused Government Minister s of being untruthful in their evidence to the Arms to Iraq Inquiry . He retired from the Security Commission in 1998 . In 1994 he became Chairman of the Royal Hospitals Trust - a post he held until 1998 . Then in 2000 he became a Deputy Pro - Chancellor of the University of Kent .
Dimitrios Makris Dimitrios Makris ( , c . 1772 – 1841 ) was a Greek chief klepht , armatole military commander and fighter of the 1821 revolution . He was a member of Filiki Eteria and one of the most powerful chieftains in West Central Greece . Early life . Dimitrios Makris was born in 1772 in Gavalou Evrytania . His father was Evangelos Makris , who had taken part in the Greek revolt in 1770 . After his death Dimitrios became Captain in the district of Zyghos . Greek War of Independence . He was originally a klepht under Captain Georgios Sfaltos , and took after the death in battle over the body . Appointed Armatolos he never collaborated with Ali Pasha . He had acquired much wealth by plundering the Turks at Vrachori . He was initiated into the Filiki Eteria just before the revolution launched in Western Greece on May 5 , 1821 . He participated in many battles against the Ottoman Turks including the Exodus of Missolonghi . During the siege Dimitrios Makris married Eupraxia , daughter of the cities notable Samos Razi - Kotsikas . He later fought in Agrinio and Aitoliko and with the collaboration of Georgios Karaiskakis troops attacked and repulsed a body of Albanians . Soon after he joined the troops of Alexandros Mavrokordatos . In 1823 he took a diploma in the army . He was participated as a representative in the Convention of 1831 . After the establishment of the Greek kingdom Dimitrios chose to remain outside the political and military honors . He returned to his hometown where he eventually died in 1841 . Historical relics . Numerous weapons of Dimitros Makris are preserved in the City town Hall of Missolonghi including the sword which he used in the Exodus of Missolonghi , which belonged to his ancestral family and dates back to the old fighters of 1732 . The museum also hold his famous silver rifle , the Liaros , imortalised by Spontis a poet of the 1821 revolution .
Roland Dorgelès Roland Dorgelès ( ; 15 June 1885 – 18 March 1973 ) was a French novelist and a member of the Académie Goncourt . Born in Amiens , Somme , under the name Roland Lecavelé ( he adopted the pen name Dorgelès to commemorate visits to the spa town of Argelès ) , he spent his childhood in Paris . A prolific author , he is most renowned for the Prix Femina - winning " Wooden crosses " ( " Les croix de bois " ) , a moving study of World War I , in which he served . It was published in 1919 ( in English in 1921 ) . Dorgelès served as a juror with Florence Meyer Blumenthal in awarding the Prix Blumenthal , a grant given between 1919 - 1954 to painters , sculptors , decorators , engravers , writers , and musicians .
Guillaume Emmanuel Guignard , vicomte de Saint - Priest Guillaume Emmanuel Guignard , vicomte de Saint - Priest ( 4 March 1776 , Constantinople – 29 March 1814 ) was a French émigré general who fought in the Russian army during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars . He was the eldest son of prominent émigré diplomat François - Emmanuel Guignard , comte de Saint - Priest ( 1735 – 1821 ) , one of King Louis XVI of France ' s last ministers . Guillaume Emmanuel became a major - general in the Russian army under Czar Alexander I of Russia , and fought against the forces of Napoleon . Some weeks before the Battle of Leipzig , he and his cavalry finally defeated the troops of French brigade general François Basile Azemar in the Battle of Grossdrebnitz . Saint - Priest was defeated and mortally wounded during the 1814 Allied invasion of France in the battle of Reims and died two weeks later at Laon .
Fred Bardshar Vice Admiral Frederic Abshire Bardshar ( 20 October 1915 – 13 September 1993 ) was an American World War II air ace , who later became Commander of United States Navy Task Force 77 and Carrier Division Five during the Vietnam War . Military career . World War II . During World War II , Lt . Cdr . Bardshar piloted a Grumman F6F - 5 Hellcat , and was credited with eight kills at the Philippines during the Battle for Leyte Gulf in 1944 . He was made commander of Air Group 27 , based aboard the . 1960s . From November 1963 to November 1964 , Captain Bardshar was the third Commanding Officer of the aircraft carrier . In 1969 , Rear Admiral Bardshar led an investigation into the fire aboard the when a Zuni rocket misfired , resulting in the deaths of 27 crew , and 314 more injured . Vietnam War . Bardshar commanded the " Constellation " during the Gulf of Tonkin Incident . During the Vietnam War , Bardshar was involved in Operation Ivory Coast , to liberate 55 American pilots from Son Tay POW camp . On 20 August 1970 , Vice Admiral Bardshar hosted the President of the Philippines , Ferdinand Marcos , aboard the aircraft carrier . Bardshar died at La Jolla , San Diego , on 13 September 1993 .
Manil Mendis Commodore Manil Mendis , psc , SLN was a Sri Lankan Naval officer . He is the former Director Naval Training and former Commander Southern Naval Area . Educated at the Royal College Colombo , he joined the Sri Lanka Navy as an Officer Cadet in the Executive Branch graduated top of his batch in officer training as a Midshipman at the Naval & Maritime Academy , after which he was commissioned as a Sub - Lieutenant . Mendis later graduated from Staff College . Reaching the rank of Commodore , he was appointed to the post of Director Naval Training , and after which he was appointed Commander Southern Naval Area . He was Commander Southern Naval Area , when the LTTE launched an surprise suicide attack on Galle Harbour and the adjacent naval shore establishment SLNS " Dakshina " the Southern Naval Command HQ on October 18 , 2006 . It resulted in the death of one sailor and one civilian ; 12 sailors , 14 civilians wounded and damage to three naval gun boats . However it caused much humiliation to the government as Galle was the provincial capital of the Southern Province , the home province of President Mahinda Rajapaksa . Relieved of command , Commodore Mendis was court - martial ed three months later in January 28 , 2007 . He was the most senior military officer to be court - martialed since the start of the northern insurgency in 1981 , even though there were several larger military setbacks in the past such as the Bandaranaike Airport attack , first Battle of Mullaitivu and Second Battle of Elephant Pass or after as the Raid on Anuradhapura Air Force Base no commanding officers were court - martialed , even though they resulted in more deaths and economic effects . In February 2007 , he was found guilty of two counts . The first count was " failing to take adequate precautions and countermeasures with due care for the protection of the Naval base , ships and craft and personnel at the Galle Harbour from terrorist attacks despite the availability of prior reliable information and repeated instructions from Naval Headquarters , an act prejudicial to good order and naval discipline " . The second count - " failing to obtain approval from the Navy Commander prior to leaving SLNS Dakshin despite specific instructions by the Commander for him to proceed and stay at SLNS Dakshin due to a possible terrorist attack on the Galle harbour , an act prejudicial to good order and naval discipline " . He was reduced in seniority by ten months and retired shortly with his rank . Commodore Mendis has been awarded the service medal Sri Lanka Armed Services Long Service Medal .
SIG SG 530 The SIG 530 was a Swiss assault rifle developed in the 1960s by Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft ( SIG ) to take the then - new 5 . 56x45mm NATO round . Development . Development of the rifle started in 1963 as a joint project between SIG and Beretta . The latter had already cooperated with SIG on the production of the SG 510 - 4 rifle for Chile . Initial prototypes of the 5 . 56 mm rifle used the delayed - blowback operating system of the SIG SG 510 . However , this operating system proved to be problematic with the relatively " weak " 5 . 56x45mm intermediate cartridge , and the designers were forced to use a gas - operated , roller - locked system . In 1968 , Beretta ceased development with SIG , and went to work on their own 5 . 56 mm rifle design resulting in the outwardly similar AR70 . Due to a lack of sales , SIG abandoned the SG 530 in the 1970s in favor of developing the SG 540 series .
Mirabella Fortress ( Peovica ) Mirabella Fortress ( Peovica ) is a fortress located above town of Omiš in Split - Dalmatia county , in Dalmatia , Croatia . Mirabella or Peovica is a Romanesque fortress , built in 13th century above the town of Omiš . Mirabela was a reliable hideout for the Omiš pirates who used to retreat into the safety of the Cetina gorge . Legend says that in 1537 , during an attack by the Turks , the defenders of Omiš confused the attackers with their shouting and shots so much that the Turks overestimated the number of defenders and fled .
George Croghan ( soldier ) George Croghan ( November 15 , 1791 – January 8 , 1849 ) was born at the Locust Grove farm in what is now Louisville , Kentucky and died in New Orleans , Louisiana . He was a recipient of the Congressional Gold Medal . Two of his famous uncles were Captain William Clark and General George Rogers Clark because his mother , Lucy Clark , was their sister . His father was William Croghan of Dublin , Ireland and served in the revolutionary war at the battles of Brandywine and Monmouth . His wife Serena Livingston was the granddaughter of Robert Livingston ( 1718 - 1775 ) of Clermont Manor New York . Croghan studied at the College of William and Mary and joined the army after he graduated in 1810 . He fought at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 . He also served at Fort Meigs [ modern Perrysburg , Ohio ] with distinction . For his defense during the Battle of Fort Stephenson , Ohio during the War of 1812 , he was promoted to the rank of colonel . He later led a troop that was defeated in the Battle of Mackinac Island . Following the war , he resigned from the army during a reduction in force and served as a postmaster in New Orleans . Later he became an inspector general in the army . During the Mexican - American War he fought as a colonel at Monterrey . Croghan died in the cholera epidemic of 1849 , which also took the life of former President of the United States James K . Polk . Colonel Croghan is buried at the site of Fort Stephenson , now Fremont , Ohio . The village and town of Croghan , New York are named after him . It is believed that later in life he had a problem with alcoholism . He was cordial and considered to be very much a gentleman .
Brescia Arsenal The Brescia Arsenal was a small arms factory located in Brescia , Italy , and active from the early 19th century to the end of World War II . < br > At first it was built as a convent for Servite monks in the 15th century , and maintained a religious destination until the end of the 18th century . Following Napoleonic suppressions the convent was turned into barracks and , in 1812 , the production of small arms was started . Many kinds of small arms in use by the Regio Esercito were overhauled in the Brescia Arsenal , including the Vetterli rifle and the Carcano Rifle in its many versions . Built - in assembly lines produced thousands of the latter , including the entire lot of the M91 TS ( Special Troops ) Carbine , made between 1898 and 1919 . Ammunition was also produced . On 2 March 1945 the military facility was targeted by a massive USAAF air raid that wrought damage all over the city . The Arsenal was leveled and the church of St . Afra ( now Saint Angela Merici ) in " Via dell ' Arsenale " ( now via Francesco Crispi ) was directly hit and collapsed causing the death of 21 people who had sought refuge there . The total death toll for the bombing was of 80 killed among the population . After World War II the building was named after Sottotenente Serafino Gnutti , an Alpini officer who had earned a posthumous Gold Medal of Military Valor in the Greco - Italian War . The Headquarters and Signals section of Brigata Meccanizzata " Brescia " were accommodated there . Following the post - Cold War reorganization of the Italian Army , the " Brigata " was disbanded and the barracks were left empty . As of August 2010 , they have been alienated by the Ministry of Defence to be turned into flats and offices .
Bergetiger The Bergetiger was the name the Allied forces gave to a German World War II armored tracked vehicle based on the Tiger I chassis . The vehicle was found abandoned on a roadside in Italy with terminal engine problems . The main gun had been removed , and a boom & winch assembly had been fitted to the turret . No other Tiger tanks modified in this manner were ever recovered . Naming . At the time the vehicle was found it was assumed the vehicle was intended as a tank recovery vehicle . Germans used the " berge " prefix to denote recovery vehicle versions of tanks , such as the " Bergepanther " and " Bergepanzer " . Thus the allies dubbed the vehicle they had found the " " Bergetiger " " . No official German name for this vehicle has ever been located . Dispute Over Bergetiger ' s Purpose . The Bergetiger ' s role as a recovery vehicle has been disputed ever since its discovery . The evidence often cited against it being a recovery vehicle is that its crane was not designed to tow the weight of a tank , nor was it equipped with any other common recovery equipment . A popular alternate theory is that the vehicle was field - modified ( possibly after suffering damage to the main gun ) as either a mine - clearing vehicle , or to drop explosives to clear battlefield obstacles . Production Numbers . Reports of the number of Bergetigers produced varies . No original German documentation to support these numbers has been located . Some common numbers given are :
Alexander Vekman Alexander Karlovich Vekman ( ) ( July 31 , 1884 - April 10 , 1955 ) was a Soviet military leader and vice admiral . Alexander Vekman was awarded the Order of Lenin , two Orders of the Red Banner , Order of the Patriotic War ( 1st Class ) , and numerous medals .