naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Georg Bachmayer Georg Bachmayer ( August 12 , 1913 – May 8 , 1945 ) was an SS - Hauptsturmführer ( captain ) and member of the SS - Totenkopfverbände who served as the " Protective Detention Camp " commandant ( Schutzhaftlagerführer ) , with responsibility for prisoners while they were inside the Mauthausen concentration camp , he also oversaw granite production in the quarry . In this position he also inspected the satellite camps and supervised the construction of the Ebensee camp . He was considered a brutal sadist : " " Bachmayer was clearly a sadist . His speciality was to set two mastiff - like bloodhounds ( one in 1944 " Lord " ) on inmates , which would literally tear them to death . This was known in camp jargon as ‘ dying from the dog ’ s kiss ’ . The real cause of death from a medical point of view was usually general sepsis , if the inmate didn ’ t die immediately of heart failure . Of the thousands of inmates that Bachmayer himself killed or tortured , just two cases are mentioned here . One day the evening roll call in block 20 didn ’ t tally and one inmate was missing . In block 20 the unfortunate victims of Action K were housed under special security measures [ . . . ] where they were left to die of hunger . When the missing inmate was noticed , all the other inmates in the entire camp were first required to fall in and remain standing in the roll call area . At the same time a search was initiated and the missing inmate was ultimately found in one of the normal inmate blocks where he had hidden in the hope of avoiding starvation . When Bachmayer received the report that the inmate had been found , he was standing by chance next to the undersigned . He began to tremble with gleeful excitement and said half to himself ‘ I ’ ll batter this one to death myself ’ , which he then proceeded to do . " " Gerhard Kanthack , former German government official and political prisoner at Mauthausen ( AMM V / 3 / 20 ) Bachmeyer committed suicide on May 8 , 1945 after shooting his wife and two children .
Peter Gilow Peter - Ekhard Gilow ( 13 March 1918 – 8 November 1992 ) was a highly decorated Major im Generalstab in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Othello Castle Othello Castle is a castle in Famagusta , Cyprus . It was built by the Lusignans in the 14th century to protect the port against a possible enemy attacks . It was also used as the main entrance to Famagusta . It used to be called " impenetrable fortress " due to it being nearly impossible to attack because of very deep ditches surrounding it . The tower was restored 3 years after Cyprus was sold to the Republic of Venice , under the command of captain Nicolo Foscari . After the restoration the Lion of St Mark was engraved on the entrance , along with captain Nicolo Foscari ' s name and the date ( 1492 ) . The castle gets its name from Shakespeare ' s famous play " Othello " , which is set in a harbour town in Cyprus . Directly above the castle ' s main entrance is a stone relief mark of the lion signifying St . Mark . Below that relief is inscribed the name of Captain Nicolo Foscari . It was he who restored the tower of the castle in 1492 . Towers are a prominent feature of the castle . The castle also has a refectory and a dormitory constructed during the Lusignan period . The castle ' s yard contains relics of its turbulent history . In it are canon balls left behind by the Spaniards and Ottomans .
Batavian Legion The Batavian Legion ( " légion batave " or " légion franche étrangère batave " ) was a unit of Dutch volunteers under French command , created and dissolved in 1793 . History . The project to regroup the supporters of the Batavian Revolution in exile in France at the end of the 1780s was born in December 1791 . The Patriot s ' initial idea was to form the embryo of a Dutch national army , on the French model , so as to set up and support a Batavian republic and replace the Dutch Republic ' s pseudo - monarchy under stathouder William V of Orange - Nassau . However , France was not yet at war with the Dutch Republic and the French government rejected the idea of a Batavian legion . A second petition to the Legislative Assembly in May 1792 , at the time the Belgian Legion was forming , did not meet with success . It took until February 1793 and the Dutch Republic ' s entry into the war against France for the Batavian Legion to get off the ground . The minister for war , Dumouriez , advanced 700 , 000 livres for its formation and it gathered in the Dunkirk region under the command of lieutenant - colonel Herman Daendels . It then fought in Belgium alongside the French army and the Belgian Legions . It was dissolved after its defeat at Neerwinden in October 1793 and its members merged into French units . Although it had been unable to fight in the conquest of the Dutch Republic and the institution of the Batavian Republic in 1795 , a number of its members formed the ranks of that new regime ' s army .
Eberhard von Breitenbuch Eberhard von Breitenbuch ( 20 July 1910 – 21 September 1980 ) was a German cavalry officer who served in Army Group Centre of the Wehrmacht during World War II with the rank of Rittmeister and took part in the military - based conspiracy against Adolf Hitler that culminated in the July 20 Plot . He was born in Dietzhausen near Suhl , Thuringia . During World War II he served as special missions officer to Generalfeldmarschall Erwin von Witzleben and in August 1943 Oberst Henning von Tresckow arranged for him to be an aide to Generalfeldmarschall Guenther von Kluge in an attempt to gain his support for the conspiracy . When von Kluge was injured in a road accident on 27 October 1943 he became an aide to Generalfeldmarschall Ernst Busch . On 9 March 1944 Busch and his aides were summoned to brief Hitler at the Berghof in Bavaria on 11 March . Following a debate with von Tresckow , Breitenbuch agreed to attempt to assassinate the Führer by shooting him in the head using a 7 . 65mm Browning pistol concealed in his trouser pocket , having declined a suicide attempt using a bomb . A Condor aircraft was sent to collect Busch and von Breitenbuch and he was allowed into the Berghof , but was not able to carry out the plan because SS guards had been ordered - earlier that day - not to permit aides into the conference room with Hitler . He refused to be involved in any further assassination attempts . The weapon and his role in the conspiracy were not discovered and he was never arrested by the Gestapo . After the war he worked in forestry management and he died in Göttingen aged 70 .
Grupo Aeromóvil de Fuerzas Especiales del Alto Mando The Grupo Aeromóvil de Fuerzas Especiales del Alto Mando ( " High Command Special Forces Airmobile Group " ) is a special operations unit of the Mexican Army . It ' s a group with no more than 100 members , carefully selected from the Mexican Army Special Forces Corps and specially trained in counter - terrorist tactics . The unit ' s mission is to carry out the most delicate operations ordered directly by the President and the Secretary of National Defense . Due to the secrecy that surrounds the High Command GAFE group , very little is known about the unit . They are analogous in weapons , training , and specialization to other counter terror units like US Army Delta Force and Russian Spetsnaz GRU . One of the few times its members were seen in public was hours after the successful capture of Osiel Cardenas in 2003 , one of the most wanted drug cartel leaders in Mexico and the United States , as they arrived in Mexico City . They are the only Special Forces group that doesn ' t participate or show up at the Parade of the Mexican Armed Forces on September 16 . They are rumored to have a ' White Card ' , which is a license to kill . Another known mission carried out by the High Command GAFE group was the capture of drug cartel leader Javier Torres Félix aka El JT in Culiacan , Sinaloa , January 27 of 2004 . The commandos left Mexico City for Culiacan at 9 : 00 a . m . and returned with Félix at 6 : 00 p . m . that same day . Commanders had scheduled the arrest for another day but the Secretary told reporters that immediate capture was necessary . One of Félix ' s hitmen had killed a soldier from the Third military region while the soldier was on patrol at the outskirts of the town of El Tule .
Air mortar An air mortar ( or debris mortar ) is a device used to create movie special effects , consisting of pressurized air or gas forced through a tube to propel material ( dirt , glass , fake blood ) to create a bursting or splattering effect . A cinema journal from 1941 describes the air mortar as " inaugurated " in the film " Caught in the Draft " : " this new development utilizes air blown under pressure through pipes , as well as powder and pyrotechnics , to gain unusual effects . "
Frederick J . Finch Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force Frederick J . " Jim " Finch ( born July 29 , 1956 ) was the thirteenth Chief Master Sergeant appointed to the highest noncommissioned officer position in the United States Air Force . Biography . Chief Finch grew up in East Hampton , New York . He entered the Air Force in July 1974 . His background was in missile maintenance and professional military education and he served in a number of operational , maintenance , and support units at every level of command , from squadron through Major Command ( MAJCOM ) . His assignments included bases in Colorado , Florida , Alabama , Texas , Virginia , and Washington , D . C . . He served overseas in the United Kingdom and Alaska . Chief Finch served as the Command Chief Master Sergeant for 11th Air Force and Air Combat Command ( ACC ) . While at ACC , the command was involved in operations such as Operation Provide Promise , Operation Northern Watch , Operation Southern Watch , Operation Deliberate Force , Operation Joint Endeavor , Operation Desert Fox , and Operation Allied Force .
American Diver American Diver , also known as the Pioneer II , was a prototype submarine built for the Confederate States of America military . It was the first successor to the " Pioneer " . The " Diver " was invented and built by the same consortium that built the " Pioneer " in New Orleans . It was composed of Horace Lawson Hunley , James McClintock , and Baxter Watson . They were forced to move their operations to Mobile , Alabama following the capture of New Orleans by Union forces in April 1862 . Although ultimately unsuccessful , it served as a model in the development of the consortium ' s next submarine , the " H . L . Hunley " . The " Hunley " eventually became the first combat submarine to sink an enemy warship . History . The " Diver " was designed and built by the consortium in late 1862 . Over the course of several months many costly attempts were made to propel the submarine with some type of electrical motor and then a steam engine , but both methods proved to be failures . The steam engine was finally replaced by a hand - crank . The submarine was ready for trials by January 1863 . It required four crew members to turn the propeller crank and one to steer . An unsuccessful attack on the Union blockade of Mobile was attempted in February 1863 , but the ship was deemed to be too slow by the team . She sank in Mobile Bay later that same month during stormy weather , although no lives were lost . The ship was not recovered and remains in an undiscovered location somewhere near the entrance of the bay to the present day .
USS Scourge ( 1804 ) USS " Scourge " was the former British privateer , " Transfer " , which had been sold to Tripoli at Malta . As a Tripolitan ship , she had been used in blockade running during the Barbary Wars of North Africa . She was captured off Tripoli , on 21 March 1804 by , commanded by Lieutenant Charles Stewart . When captured , she had a crew of 80 men and mounted 10 guns . Commodore Edward Preble renamed the ship " Scourge " and outfitted her with 16 six - pounder guns . On 17 April 1804 , she joined Preble ' s squadron and participated in the blockade of Tripoli and also in the attacks on Tripoli . She was commanded by . John H . Dent , John Rowe , and Ralph Izard . On 30 November 1804 , " Scourge " , under the command of Lieutenant Izard , sailed for the United States where she saw coastal service . In 1812 , she was declared unfit for service and sold at auction in Norfolk , Virginia .
Binbashi Binbashi or Bimbashi ( from , " chief of a thousand " ) is a major in the Turkish army , of which term originated in the Ottoman army . The title was also used for a major in the Khedivial Egypt ian army as " Bimbashi " ( 1805 – 1953 ) . It was also used by the Serbian revolution aries as " Bimbaša " ( ) in 1804 - 1817 . Since the restructuring of the modern Turkish Army in 1934 , " Binbaşı " means Major ; but in the Ottoman Army ( and in the pre - 1934 Turkish Army during the early years of the Turkish Republic ) the more correct equivalent of the Western rank " Major " was " Kolağası " ( Senior Captain ) , which ranked above " Yüzbaşı " ( Captain ) and below " Binbaşı " . " Sağ Kolağası " ( Senior Captain [ or Major ] of the Right Flank ) was a higher rank than " Sol Kolağası " ( Senior Captain [ or Major ] of the Left Flank . ) " Sağ " ( sagh ) means " right " in Turkish , while " sol " means " left . " When the rank " Kolağası " was removed from the Turkish Army in 1934 , the rank " Binbaşı " was relegated to Major ( before 1934 , the rank " Binbaşı " was also considered an equivalent of Lieutenant Colonel . ) Until 1934 , it was the duty of a Binbaşı to command a battalion ( " tabur " ) in the Ottoman ( and pre - 1934 Turkish ) armies ; but since 1934 , it is the duty of a " Yarbay " ( Lieutenant Colonel ) to command a battalion .
USS Oriole ( 1864 ) The first USS " Oriole " was a sternwheel river steamship in the Union Navy . She was named after the bird , the oriole . " Oriole " was acquired as the " Florence Miller " from John Swassey & Co . at Cincinnati , Ohio on 7 December 1864 ; converted to a sternwheel gunboat by Mr . Joseph Brown at Mound City , Illinois ; and commissioned as " Oriole " on 22 March 1865 , Acting Master Edward Alford in command . Assigned to the Mississippi River Squadron on 3 February 1865 while still named " Florence Miller " , " Oriole " departed Mound City on 22 March for service in the 5th Naval District under Lt . Comdr . E . Y . McCauley . She performed blockade duties on the Mississippi River from Natchez to Vicksburg , until General Robert E . Lee ' s surrender to General Ulysses S . Grant at Appomattox , Virginia on 9 April . The gunboat was retained in the Mississippi Squadron for towing and patrol duties through July 1865 . On 4 August " Oriole " decommissioned at Mound City and was later sold there to Mr . Thomas Scott on 17 August 1865 .
Sataspes Sataspes was a Persian navigator and cavalry commander whose name is derived from Sat ( = 100 sad ) and Asp ( = Horse , Asb ) . He is also credited with originating the term " horse latitudes " . Sataspes ( who according to Herodotus was Xerxes I ' s cousin by his mother being Darius I ' s sister ) had been condemned to death for kidnapping and raping Megabyzus ' s daughter . However his mother , Atossa , successfully convinced Xerxes to change the punishment to a more severe one - Sataspes was tasked to circumnavigate Africa . He took an Egyptian ship and crew , sailed through the Pillars of Hercules , and proceeded south for many months , but returned to Egypt without successfully completing his task . He claimed that at the farthest point he reached , he encountered a " dwarfish race , who wore a dress made from the palm tree " , and that he was forced to return because his ship stopped and would not sail any further . Xerxes did not accept this excuse , and had him put to death . However , it has been suggested that Sataspes could have simply encountered the Benguela Current , which prevented him from sailing any farther .
Claire E . Hutchin , Jr . Claire Elwood Hutchin , Jr . ( January 9 , 1916 - June 22 , 1980 ) was a highly decorated Lieutenant general in the United States Army . He received two Distinguished Service Crosses during Korean War . He later commanded the 4th Infantry Division and First United States Army . Youth and early military career . Hutchin was named after his father , a lawyer who saw service in World War I . Hutchin was appointed to the United States Military Academy in 1934 from Washington state where his father was posted at Vancouver Barracks , Washington . He graduated with the class of 1938 . He commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to the 29th Infantry Regiment at Fort Benning , Georgia until July 1941 . World War II . At the time of the United States entry into World War II , Hutchin was assistant staff officer G1 ( administration ) for the 4th Infantry Division until attending the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth , Kansas in early 1942 . In April , Hutchin became assistant G2 ( intelligence ) staff officer for the 7th Infantry Division , then at Fort Ord , California . In 1943 , he was assistant G3 ( operations and plans ) staff officer for IX Corps . Later that year he received a wartime commission as lieutenant colonel and posting with the Southeast Asia Command joint planning staff . After the war he transferred to the War Department general staff operations division strategy section . In November 1946 , Hutchin was assistant executive officer for General George C . Marshall ' s special presidential mission to China . He returned to China as part of General Albert Coady Wedemeyer ' s presidential mission in late 1947 . By the end of the year , Hutchin was joint secretary then joint planner with the Commander - in - Chief , Pacific ( CINCPAC ) joint staff . Korean War . In Korean War , Hutchin was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in commanding the 23rd Infantry Regiment 1st battalion against the Chinese offensive from November 25 to November 30 , 1950 around Kujangdong , Korea . Hutchin was engaged in a series of defensive actions , counterattacks and withdrawals against superior enemy forces when his Company C , was overrun and suffered losses of combat leadership and material . Taking personal command , he recovered the disorganized elements of the company , recovered the unit ' s original position and relieved troops surrounded when the position was overrun . Later , his battalion was assigned as the rear guard to the 2nd Infantry Division withdraw from Kujangdong and resisted the two enemy battalions with a single rifle company and armored company . Later career . As a major general , Hutchin commanded the 4th Infantry Division from September 1963 to June 1965 . From July 1967 to August 1969 , Lieutenant General Hutchin was deputy commander / chief of staff for U . S . Pacific Command . From 1969 to 1971 , LTG Hutchin served as the Commanding General , V Corps , Frankfurt , Germany . Hutchin commanded the First United States Army at Fort Meade , Maryland from 1971 until his retirement in 1973 .
New Tavern Fort New Tavern Fort was built at Gravesend , Kent , England in the 1780s against the threat of invasion from France . It was one of the Palmerston Forts , also known as Royal Commission forts . The fort was extensively rebuilt by General Gordon about 1870 . It was regunned in 1904 . The large underground magazine complex is open April to September weekends and most public holidays .
41 Canadian Brigade Group 41 Canadian Brigade Group ( 41CBG ; ) is a Canadian Forces and Canadian Army formation of the 3rd Canadian Division . The formation is composed of Primary Reserve units within the province of Alberta . The brigade headquarters is in Calgary , Alberta . The brigade group is made up of approximately 1 , 200 soldiers . Most of the soldiers within the brigade serve on a part - time basis , and service in units their local communities . The brigade ' s soldiers are trained and prepared to augment and support their counterparts in the Regular Force by supporting domestic operations ( natural disasters , etc . ) and expeditionary international deployments , as well as supporting 3rd Canadian Division battle groups . Many soldiers from 41 CBG have gone to service in NATO and UN operations as well as the mission in Afghanistan . History . In December 1941 , following the Attack on Pearl Harbor and the beginning of World War II in the Pacific , it was decided to organize a number of brigades for the defence of Canada . In February 1942 , one brigade was organized for each of the eleven military districts . In Alberta , it was 41st ( Reserve ) Brigade Group in Calgary . After World War II , the regional command system was reorganized several times . The Alberta Militia District was reformed into 41 Canadian Brigade Group on 1 April 1997 . Its headquarters took over the Brigadier - General Stan Waters Building , formerly the 1 PPCLI headquarters building at CFB Calgary , after the departure of the Regular Force units to Edmonton . Other Units . 41 CBG is supported by several several other units that provide specialist services such as medical services , military police and military intelligence . These units do not fall under the 41 CBG command structure ; however , they do work closely with it in order to provide their services to the brigade ' s soldiers in the field . Medical . The brigade group closely works with two field ambulance units from the Royal Canadian Medical Service . They are :
Château d ' Étampes The Château d ' Étampes was a castle in the town of Étampes in the départment of Essonne , France . The principal remains are of the 12th - century keep , the Tour de Guinette . History . The Château d ' Étampes was an early 10th - century stronghold of Robert the Pious , King of France , that comprised both a palace proper and motte . Between 1130 and 1150 , a new castle was created overlooking the valley , culminating in a strong keep or donjon : the present Tour de Guinette . The Château was extended under later kings , notably Philip II of France , but suffered through sieges in the Hundred Years War before having been ordered destroyed by Henry IV of France , after which only the keep remained . Description of the Chateau . The architectural aspects of this former royal castle are known from contemporary images , including the Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry . Tour de Guinette was in the center of the castle and was surrounded by a rectangular curtain wall punctuated by corner towers . This wall was , in turn , enclosed by two additional walls providing layers of defense for the keep . The surviving keep stands roughly 27 meters tall and is a quatrefoil plan ( much like a four - leaf clover ) . Divided into four stories , first - floor access may originally have been reached from the enclosure wall . This interesting plan is the result of tactical experimentation that the keep underwent during the mid - 12th century to improve the defense of towers against missiles and to reduce dead ground . The circular lobes deflect missiles , and allow defenders to cover the foot of the walls from the summit of the keep . The plan resembles the keeps of Ambleny and nearby Houdan . Clifford ' s Tower , part of York Castle in York , England , is believed to have been inspired by Étampes .