naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Frederick , Duke of Saxe - Lauenburg Frederick of Saxe - Lauenburg ( , colloquially " Sachsen - Lauenburg " ) ( 1554 – 1586 ) , was a cathedral canon at Strasbourg Minster , chorbishop at Cologne Cathedral and cathedral provost ( Dompropst ) , a function including the presidency of the chapter , at Bremen Cathedral . Life . He was the youngest child of Francis , Duke of Saxe - Lauenburg ( Franz I . von Sachsen - Lauenburg ) and his wife , Sibylle of Saxony , daughter of the influential Duke Henry IV " the Pious " of Saxony and his wife , Katharina of Mecklenburg . Of his six brothers , he and Henry ( 1550 – 1585 ) followed the ecclesiastical career . Frederick was raised Lutheran , but educated Catholic . Together with Henry he studied at the University of Cologne under law professor Dr . Conrad Betzdorf , who housed him and his brother and was their mentor . Henry was Prince - Archbishop of Bremen ( as Henry III , 1567 – 1585 ) , Prince - Bishop of Osnabrück ( as Henry II , 1574 – 1585 ) and of Paderborn ( as Henry IV , 1577 – 1585 ) . As Prince - Bishop of Paderborn , Henry succeeded Salentin von Isenberg in 1577 . He was the first archbishop to convert to Lutheranism and keep his honors . In 1575 , he married Anna von Broich in Hagen im Bremischen , the daughter of a city councillor of Cologne , and died in 1585 in an equestrian accident in Vörde . Frederick succeeded Bremen ' s cathedral provost Ludwig von Varendorf in 1570 , while his brother Henry officiated as Administrator of Bremen , Frederick was followed by Provost Theodor von Galen . During the Cologne War ( 1583 – 1589 ) , he raised an army to fight for the Catholic faction of the cathedral chapter . He was instrumental in securing the town of Kaiserswerth in 1583 for Ernest of Bavaria , the rivalling elector - archbishop of Cologne . In 1586 , during the Campaign in Cologne ' s Upper Electorate - Archbishopric at Hülchrath , he was part of the Ferdinand ' s force ; in the attack on the castle , the Bavarian force was repulsed , but he himself mortally wounded . He died in Cologne shortly after the battle .
Battle of Tertry The Battle of Tertry was an important engagement in Merovingian Gaul between the forces of Austrasia on one side and those of Neustria and Burgundy on the other . It took place in 687 at Tertry , Somme . The powerful Austrasian mayor of the palace , Pepin of Herstal , had concluded peace with his Neustrian counterpart , Waratton , in 681 . However , Waratton ' s successors had renewed the conflict between Austrasia and Neustria which was common in times of disunion : though the Frankish realm was then united under Theuderic III , who inherited Austrasia in 679 . The king , born and raised in Neustria and a Neustrian at heart , and the nobles of Neustria and Burgundy , under their mayor , Berthar , invaded Austrasia territory . Berthar and Theuderic were routed at Tertry and the Austrasians had the field . Their supremacy vindicated on a battlefield , the victors forced Berthar out of office and Pepin appointed Nordebert to act on his behalf in Neustria and Burgundy . The king was forced to recognise Pepin ' s mayorship over the entire realm in exchange for remaining sole king . The legacy of the battle was the further diminution of royal authority , for once again a Merovingian had been definitively defeated in battle ; the supremacy of Austrasia over the rest of the realm , characterised by later conquests to the east and the Aachen - centred Carolingian Empire ; the undisputed right to rule of the Arnulfing clan , Pepin even taking the title of " dux et princeps Francorum " ; and , finally , the personal gains to Pepin , who " reigned , " as one chronicle put it , thereafter over all the Franks for 27 more years .
William C . Lovering William Croad Lovering ( February 25 , 1835 – February 4 , 1910 ) was a U . S . Representative from Massachusetts . Biography . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island , Lovering moved with his parents to Taunton , Massachusetts , in 1837 . He attended the Cambridge High School and the Hopkins Classical School , Cambridge , Massachusetts . He left school in 1859 for employment in his father ' s mill . During the Civil War served as quartermaster of Engineers in the Second Massachusetts Brigade , consisting of the Second and Third Regiments . He engaged in cotton manufacturing in Taunton at the Whittenton Mills . First president of the Taunton Street Railway . He served as president of the American Liability Insurance Co . He was interested in several other business enterprises . He served as president of the New England Cotton Manufacturers ' Association ( now the National Textile Association ) for two years . He served as member of the Massachusetts Senate in 1874 and 1875 . He served as delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1880 . Presided at the Republican State convention in 1892 . Lovering was elected as a Republican to the Fifty - fifth and to the six succeeding Congresses and served from March 4 , 1897 , until his death in Atlanta , Georgia , February 4 , 1910 of pneumonia . He was interred in Mount Pleasant Cemetery , Taunton , Massachusetts . His daughter , Frances , married Charles Francis Adams III , United States Secretary of the Navy under Herbert Hoover and a member of the Adams political family .
HMS Goodall ( K479 ) HMS " Goodall " ( K479 ) was a British Captain - class frigate of the Royal Navy in commission during World War II . Originally constructed as the United States Navy " Evarts " - class destroyer escort USS " Reybold " ( DE - 275 ) , she served in the Royal Navy from 1943 until her sinking in 1945 . Construction and transfer . The ship was ordered on 25 January 1942 and laid down as the U . S . Navy destroyer escort USS " Reybold " ( DE - 275 ) by the Boston Navy Yard in Boston , Massachusetts , on 20 May 1943 . She was launched on 8 July 1943 . The United States transferred the ship to the United Kingdom under Lend - Lease upon completion on 4 October 1943 . Service history . Commissioned into service in the Royal Navy as HMS " Goodall " ( K479 ) under the command of Lieutenant Commander James Vaudalle Fulton , RNVR , on 4 October 1943 simultaneously with her transfer , the ship served on convoy escort duty . On 29 April 1945 , " Goodall " was escorting Convoy RA - 66 in the Barents Sea near the entrance to the Kola Inlet when the German submarine " U - 968 " fired G7es – known to the Allies as " GNAT " – torpedo es at the convoys escort vessels at 2100 hours . " Goodall " sighted one of the torpedoes , which missed her . At about 2200 hours , the German submarine " U - 286 " hit " Goodall " at position with a G7es torpedo , causing her ammunition magazine to detonate . The explosion blew away the forward part of the ship and killed Lieutenant Commander Fulton . " Goodall " s crew abandoned ship , and on 30 April 1945 the British frigate sank her with gunfire .
SS Schenectady The SS " Schenectady " was a T2 - SE - A1 tanker built during World War II for the United States Maritime Commission . She was the first tanker constructed by the Kaiser Shipbuilding Company shipyard at Swan Island in Portland , Oregon . The keel of the " Schenectady " was laid on 1 July 1942 , the completed hull launched on 24 October , and she was declared completed on 31 December , six months after construction began and two and a half months ahead of schedule . Hull fracture . On 16 January 1943 , she was moored at the fitting dock at Swan Island , in calm weather , shortly after returning from her sea trials . Without warning , and with a noise audible for at least a mile , the hull cracked almost in half , just aft of the superstructure . The cracks reached down the port and starboard sides almost to the keel , which itself fractured , jackknifing upwards out of the water as the bow and stern sagged to the bottom of the river . Only the bottom plates of the ship held . This was not the first of the war - built merchant fleet to fracture in this way – there had been ten other major incidents , and several more would follow – but it was perhaps the most prominent ; it occurred in full view of the city of Portland , and was widely reported in the newspapers even under wartime conditions . The cause of the fracture was not fully understood at the time ; the official Coast Guard report gave the cause of failure as faulty welding , whilst the Board of Investigation considered factors as diverse as " locked - in " stresses , sharp changes in climate , or systemic design flaws . Defective welding became the most common explanation for these incidents , especially when later investigations uncovered faulty working practices at some yards , but even then it could only be clearly identified as the case in under half of all major fracture cases . Later research indicated that the failure method was probably a brittle fracture , caused by low - grade steel . This would become highly brittle in cold weather , exacerbating any existing faults and becoming much more liable to fracture . Later service . She was repaired and successfully entered service in April 1943 . Details of her exact service are unclear , but it is known that she sailed from California on June 10 , 1944 , possibly for service as a fleet oiler . During the next year , she sailed to Australia , the Persian Gulf , New Zealand , the Marshall Islands , then Curaçao , back through the Panama Canal to the Marshall Islands , the Caroline Islands , the Admiralty Islands and finally Ulithi , before returning home to San Pedro , arriving on May 20 , 1945 . She participated in battle engagements in the Marshall Islands and at Ulithi . Following the war , she was transferred to the National Defense Reserve Fleet in July 1946 . In 1948 , she was sold to the Diodato Tripcovich Shipping Corporation in Trieste , and renamed as " Diodato Tripcovich " . She was finally scrapped in Genoa in 1962 . References .
Franciszek Gajowniczek Franciszek Gajowniczek ( November 15 , 1901 – March 13 , 1995 ) was a Polish army sergeant whose life was saved by priest St . Maximilian Kolbe by volunteering to die in his place . Gajowniczek had been sent to Auschwitz concentration camp from Gestapo prison in Tarnów . He was captured while crossing the border with Slovakia after the defeat of the Modlin Fortress during the 1939 German invasion of Poland . Gajowniczek and Kolbe met as inmates of Auschwitz in May 1941 . Life . Franciszek Gajowniczek , a Roman Catholic , was born in Strachomin near Mińsk Mazowiecki . He lived in Warsaw since 1921 , and had a wife and two sons . He was a professional soldier who took part in the defence of Wieluń as well as Warsaw in September 1939 . He was captured by the Gestapo in Zakopane . He arrived at Auschwitz on September 8 , 1940 . When a prisoner appeared to have escaped , Sub - Commandant Karl Fritzsch ordered that ten other prisoners die by starvation in reprisal . Franciszek Gajowniczek ( prisoner number 5659 ) was one of those selected at roll - call . When the Franciscan priest , Kolbe , heard Gajowniczek cry out in agony over the fate of his family , he offered himself instead ( he was later canonized for that ) . Kolbe ' s exact words have been forgotten , but one version records his words as , " I am a Catholic priest from Poland ; I would like to take his place , because he has a wife and children . " The switch was permitted ; after all his cellmates died , Kolbe ( prisoner 16670 ) was put to death with an injection of carbolic acid . Gajowniczek was sent from Auschwitz to Sachsenhausen concentration camp on October 25 , 1944 . He was liberated there by the Allies , after spending five years , five months , and nine days in Nazi camps in total . He reunited with his wife , Helena , half - a - year later in Rawa Mazowiecka . Though she survived the war , his sons were killed in a Soviet bombardment of Nazi - occupied Poland in 1945 , before his release . Gajowniczek was a guest of Pope Paul VI in the Vatican , when Maximilian Kolbe was beatified for his martyrdom on October 17 , 1971 . In 1972 , " Time " magazine reported that over 150 , 000 people made a pilgrimage to Auschwitz to honor the anniversary of Maximilian ' s beatification . One of the first to speak was Gajowniczek , who declared " I want to express my thanks , for the gift of life . " His wife , Helena , died in 1977 . Gajowniczek was in the Vatican again as a guest of Pope John Paul II when Maximilian Kolbe was canonized by him on October 10 , 1982 . In 1994 , Gajowniczek visited the St . Maximilian Kolbe Catholic Church of Houston , where he told his translator Chaplain Thaddeus Horbowy that " so long as he . . . has breath in his lungs , he would consider it his duty to tell people about the heroic act of love by Maximilian Kolbe . " Gajowniczek died in the city of Brzeg on March 13 , 1995 at the age of 94 . He was buried at a convent cemetery in Niepokalanów , slightly more than 53 years after having his life spared by Kolbe . He was survived by his second wife , Janina .
Wolf - Udo Ettel Wolf - Udo Ettel ( 26 February 1921 – 17 July 1943 ) was a German World War II Luftwaffe 124 victories Flying ace and a posthumous recipient of the coveted Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Ettel was credited with 124 aerial victories — that is , 124 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft — claimed in over 250 missions . He was killed in action by Anti Aircraft artillery on 17 July 1943 . Career . " Leutnant " Ettel was posted to 4 staffel , Jagdgeschwader 3 ( JG 3 — 3rd Fighter Wing ) on the Eastern Front in early 1942 . On 24 June , he claimed his first two victories when he shot down two Il - 2 Sturmovik aircraft . He was shot down near Voronezh on 10 July , while destroying a Russian - flown Douglas Boston bomber . He bailed out of his stricken Messerschmitt Bf 109 F - 4 " White 1 " behind Russian lines , swam across the River Don to return to his unit four days later . He recorded his 20th victory on 9 August and his 30th by 7 October . 4 . / JG 3 was relocated to the Kuban bridgehead in February 1943 , and during the months of intensive operations Ettel claimed some 28 Russian aircraft shot down in March and 36 more in April , including five shot down on 11 April . He claimed his 120th victory on 11 May but was shot down by flak and belly - landed his Bf 109 G – 4 between the front lines , returning to German lines despite Russian rifle fire . That same night Ettel led a Wehrmacht patrol to his damaged aircraft to salvage important equipment . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes " ) on 1 June . On 5 June 1943 , Ettel was appointed " Staffelkapitän " ( squadron leader ) to 8 . / Jagdgeschwader 27 ( JG 27 — 27th Fighter Wing ) based in Greece . He shot down a Royal Air Force ( RAF ) Spitfire over Sicily on 14 July . On 16 July , he shot down two United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) B - 24 Liberator bombers and another Spitfire . He was shot down and killed in action on 17 July 1943 , flying a ground support mission attacking British Anti Aircraft artillery position south east of Lentini . Ettel was posthumously awarded the 289th Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub " ) on 31 August 1943 . Wolf Ettel was credited with 124 victories in over 250 missions . Of his 120 victories over the Eastern front 21 were Il - 2 Sturmovik ground - attack aircraft . He recorded 4 victories over Sicily including 2 USAAF four - engine bombers .
55th Infantry Division ( Poland ) The 55th Infantry Division ( 55 . Dywizja Piechoty ) was a reserve unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period , which took part in the Polish September Campaign . Commanded by Colonel Stanislaw Kalabinski , it was part of Operational Group " Silesia " of the Army Kraków . History . The Division was created at the end of August 1939 , out of battalions of the Upper Silesian Brigade of National Defence and the National Defence Regiment " Szczakowa " . Its task was to defend the Fortified Area " Mikołów " . Between September 1 and 2 , it fought the advancing German 8th I . D . in the area of Wyry . After heavy fighting , on 3 September it was forced to retreat towards the Nida River . On 7 September the Division took part in bitter skirmishes northwest of Kraków and around Proszowice . Fighting its way , the unit managed to cross the Nida and withdraw eastwards . In the night of September 18 / 19 , the Division joined Polish forces concentrated around Tomaszów Lubelski . It capitulated on 23 September when it ran out of ammunition .
USS Metacomet ( 1863 ) The second USS " Metacomet " was a wooden sidewheel steamer in the United States Navy during the American Civil War . The ship was named for Metacomet , a war chief of the Wampanoag Indians . " Metacomet " was launched on 7 March 1863 by Thomas Stack , Brooklyn , New York , and commissioned at New York on 4 January 1864 under the captaincy of Commander James E . Jouett . Civil War . " Metacomet " joined the West Gulf Blockading Squadron in the blockade of Mobile Bay and captured British blockade runner " Donegal " on 6 June . On the 30th , " Glasgow " forced blockade runner " Ivanhoe " ashore near Fort Morgan , whose guns protected the ship from destruction by the Union . Unsuccessful in efforts to destroy her by long - range fire from " Metacomet " and , Admiral David Farragut ordered a boat expedition to attempt the task . Under cover of darkness , boats from " Metacomet " and slipped in close to shore and burned the steamer . " Metacomet " and 17 other ships entered Mobile Bay in a double column on 5 August 1864 . In the ensuing battle " Metacomet " and other Union ships captured Confederate ram , a major threat to the blockaders at Mobile . Farragut ' s ships maintained a heavy fire on Fort Morgan and Confederate gunboats , capturing . " Metacomet " then rescued survivors from Union monitor , sunk by a Confederate torpedo . Six " Metacomet " sailors were awarded the Medal of Honor for helping rescue the crew of the " Tecumseh " : Seaman James Avery , Quarter Gunner Charles Baker , Ordinary Seaman John C . Donnelly , Captain of the Forecastle John Harris , Seaman Henry Johnson , and Landsman Daniel Noble . A further two sailors , Boatswain ' s Mate Patrick Murphy and Coxswain Thomas Taylor , were awarded the medal for their conduct during the battle . With Mobile Bay in Union hands , " Metacomet " steamed to the Texas coast and captured blockade runner " Susanna " off Campechy Banks on 28 November , and took schooner " Sea Witch " and sloop " Lilly " off Galveston on 31 December 1864 and 6 January 1865 , respectively . Mines , then called " torpedoes " , remained a danger to shipping in waters near Mobile , so " Metacomet " returned there to drag the Bay and Blakely Channel from 9 March - 12 April . Returning north after the end of the conflict , " Metacomet " decommissioned at Philadelphia on 18 August and was sold there to John Roach & Sons on 28 October .
Sreten Žujović Sreten Žujović ( Serbian Cyrillic : Сретен Жујовић ) ( 24 June 1899 - 11 June 1976 ) was a Serbian veteran of World War I and long - time communist . He was a member of the Central Committee and the Politburo before World War II . He helped organize the Partisan uprising in Serbia in 1941 and became a member of the Supreme Staff . Finance minister in the postwar government , he lost his party membership and high office when he sided with Joseph Stalin against Josip Broz Tito in 1948 . Sreten Žujović was a member of Yugoslav delegation at a United Nations Conference on International Organization . The delegates drew up the 111 - article Charter , which was adopted unanimously on 25 June 1945 in the San Francisco Opera House .
Julius Klein ( general ) Julius Klein ( 1901 – 1984 ) was an American , journalist , spy , business executive and United States Army general . Biography . Julius Klein was born in 1901 in a Jewish family . During World War I he was an American spy in Germany . Klein ' s connection to the House of David as a descendant of Rabbi Meir Katzenellenbogen is illustrated in " The Unbroken Chain " . After the war , Klein worked in Chicago as a journalist and later as Hollywood executive . He is also credited with being the first person to run radio broadcasts in German in the USA . Julius Klein , 1901 - 1961 , " was a hero during World War II , when he saved many lives during an explosion at New Caledonia in the South Pacific . In 1941 , he formulated an important military plan called " Combat Public Relations " , which encompassed such topics as psychological warfare and propaganda . He also helped ameliorate both German - American and German - Israel relations after World War II . " Civilian career . After serving as a spy in Germany in World War I , he began his civilian career in the 1920s as a criminal reporter for " The State Herald " , a Hearst Corporation newspaper in Chicago , and initiated the first German language radio broadcasts in the United States . Klein also originated the South Pacific edition of " The Stars and Stripes " military newspaper , ran for Congressman at Large ( equivalent of a State Representative today ) in 1932 and for the United States Senate in 1954 . He wrote the screenplay , " Black Cargo " , during a Hollywood stint ( 1934 – 39 ) when Klein tried unsuccessfully to produce films on the life of World War I General John Pershing . World War II . In 1933 Klein joined the Illinois National Guard , becoming a lieutenant colonel in 1941 . He formulated the " Combat Public Relations " plan dealing with psychological warfare and propaganda and was also stationed in the Philippines . Public service . In 1947 , Julius Klein was elected the National Commander of the Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America . On April 4 , 1948 , as National Commander of the Jewish War Veterans , Klein organized an enormous show of strength for the establishment of the State of Israel in the form of a JWV parade down New York ' s Fifth Avenue . The parade influenced the United States to vote for the partition of Palestine and the State of Israel was born in May , 1948 .
Stefano Nonveiller Stefano Nonveiller ( 1723 – 1805 ) was a Venetian general and governor . Born in Split , he was a grandson of Naval officer Stefano de Nonveiller ( 1660 – 1735 ) . He became Governor of Knin , Dalmatia in 1765 , and Governor of Kotor , also on the Adriatic , in 1771 . He served as Superintendent of the Republic of Poljica , in central Dalmatia . In May 1783 he became the governor of the city of Sinj , near Split , and helped defeat plague in the city . He was sent in 1789 to Split for the same reasons . He died in Venice in 1805 , and his grave is in the church of Santa Maria Zobenigo . Stefano Nonveiller was an ancestor of Yugoslav entomologist Guido Nonveiller ( 1913 – 2002 ) .