naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
California State Military Museum The California State Military Museum is the official Military museum of the State of California . It is located in the Old Sacramento State Historic Park at 1119 Second Street . The museum was begun 1991 during the administration of California Governor Pete Wilson . 11 years later Governor Gray Davis made it a permanent museum under the California State Military Department , providing it permanent funding . On 13 July 2004 , Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger made it the state ' s official military museum . The museum highlights contributions of individuals and units from California in the US military , and its various military operations and wars . In addition to its main location in Sacramento , the museum has five satellite museums at Camp Roberts in southern Monterey County , Camp San Luis Obispo , Fresno Air National Guard Base , the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base in Orange County and the National Guard Armory in San Diego . To honor those Californians who have laid down their lives in the Global War on Terrorism , the California State Military Museum is building a " Global War on Terrorism Wall of Honor " . Constructed of black granite , this memorial will be located at the entrance of the museum . The names of service members who died September 11 , 2001 , in the attack on the Pentagon , as well as those casualties of the Afghanistan and Iraq Campaigns will be listed chronologically . The memorial will include their rank , branch of service , and age . The Major General Walter P . Story Memorial Library is one of the finest collections of military history writings in the western United States . With over 10 , 000 volumes and growing rapidly , the library is one of the state ' s hidden educational and historical treasures . Topics range from general military history to very specific and one of a kind documents , such as original unit rosters of early California Militia units .
China Relief Expedition Medal The China Relief Expedition Medal was a decoration of the United States military which was issued to members of both the United States Navy and the United States Marines for service in the China Relief Expedition between 1900 and 1901 during the Boxer Rebellion . The medal was authorized by General Orders of the Department of the Navy on June 27 , 1908 . General Order 81 established the medal authorized for Naval personnel while General Order 82 authorized the medal for the Marine Corps . Description and symbolism . To be awarded the China Relief Expedition Medal , a service member was required to perform duty within the borders of China as part of the China Relief Expedition . The eligibility dates of the China Relief Expedition Medal were from May 24 , 1900 to May 17 , 1901 . The medal was issued as a one time award and there were no devices authorized for multiple bestowals . The United States Army equivalent of the China Relief Expedition Medal was the China Campaign Medal . A similar medal , known as the China Service Medal was authorized by the Navy in 1941 . The ribbon of the Navy and Marine Corps version of the medal originally bore a yellow and black motif . The colors were changed in 1915 to yellow and blue to correspond with those of the U . S . Army medal issued for similar service . The first 400 medals struck bear the date " 1901 . " The die in use became damaged and replaced with a re - engraved die . This one , however , had the date " 1900 " which appears on all subsequent copies .
Naval Act of 1916 In United States federal legislation , the Naval Act of 1916 was also called the " Big Navy Act . " An overlooked landmark piece of legislation , President Woodrow Wilson determined amidst the repeated incidents with Germany to build “ " incomparably , the greatest Navy in the world " ” over a ten - year period with the intent of making the U . S . Navy equal to any two others in the world . Ultimately , more than $ 500 million was to be spent on ten battleship s , six battlecruiser s , thirty submarine s , fifty destroyer s , and other support vessels , to be built over a three - year period . Opposition to heavily armored and thus expensive " Dreadnought " ships was strong in the House , but was overcome by the results of the one great naval battle of World War I between the British Royal Navy and the German High Seas Fleet , the Battle of Jutland ( 31 May – 1 June 1916 ) , which proved to Preparedness supporters that a heavy , great tonnage Navy armed with large guns was necessary to defend American shores and merchant ships on the seas in the event of war . President Wilson told Col . Edward House that he was anxious to hasten the day when the American Navy was larger than Great Britain ’ s , proclaiming “ " Let us build a Navy bigger than hers and do what we please " . ” The Senate passed the “ Big Navy Act ” on July 21 although it specified that five of ten battleships specified would be replaced with battlecruisers . Not until August 8 did Rep . Lemuel P . Padgett , Tennessee Democrat and Chairman of the House Naval Affairs Committee , confer with President Wilson and agree to support the Senate bill . Democrat Rep . Claude Kitchin of North Carolina despaired : “ " The United States today becomes the most militaristic naval nation on earth " . ” In Sept . 1918 , the Navy Department ’ s General Board recommended in addition to the sixteen capital ships called for in the initial act , that an additional twelve battleships and sixteen battlecruisers be built . By 1922 , the U . S . Navy , if all the ships had been built , could have surpassed the Royal Navy in size and strength . However the expectation of a ruinous arms race with the British and the Japanese led to the Washington Naval Conference of 1921 – 1922 and the tonnage limit ratio agreements with the US having parity with the RN .
W . Wirt Courtney William Wirt Courtney ( September 7 , 1889 - April 6 , 1961 ) was an American politician and a U . S . Representative from Tennessee . Biography . Born in Franklin , Tennessee , Courtney was the son of Wirt Courtney and Anne ( Neely ) Courtney . He graduated from Battle Ground Academy , Franklin , Tennessee , in 1907 . He attended Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee , and the Faculté de Droit of the Sorbonne , Paris , France . He studied law , and was admitted to the bar in 1911 . He commenced practice in Franklin , Tennessee . Career . After serving as City Judge from 1915 to 1917 , Courtney enlisted in the United States Army as a private in the One Hundred and Seventeenth Infantry , Thirtieth Division , in September 1917 , and was honorably discharged as a first lieutenant in June 1919 . He resumed the practice of law in Franklin , Tennessee . He married Currey L . Taylor on December 31 , 1919 , and they had four children . Courtney served as adjutant general of Tennessee in 1932 , and as a member of the Tennessee National Guard in 1933 with rank of brigadier general . From 1933 to 1939 , he served as circuit judge and chancellor of the Seventeenth judicial circuit of Tennessee . Elected as a Democrat to the Seventy - sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Clarence W . Turner , Courtney was reelected to the Seventy - seventh and to the three succeeding Congresses . He served from May 11 , 1939 , to January 3 , 1949 . He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1948 , and resumed the practice of law . Death . Courtney died in Franklin , Tennessee , on April 6 , 1961 , ( age 71 years , 211 days ) . He is interred at Mount Hope Cemetery .
HMS Hercules ( 1815 ) HMS " Hercules " was a 74 - gun third - rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy . She was launched on 5 September 1815 at Chatham . On 26 December 1852 " Hercules " departed on her way to Hong Kong to take up duties as a hospital ship . The gold rushes had put a premium on passenger ships to Australia , so she took 756 Scots civilian passengers to South Australia and Victoria for the Emigration Commissioners . Many of these were emigrating under duress from the trustees of the Boreraig , Suishnish and North Uist estates of Lord Macdonald . The voyage proved disastrous , beginning almost immediately with a horrific storm , during which the ship sought refuge at Rothesay . Soon after their second departure in early January 1853 , outbreaks of smallpox and typhus were discovered , necessitating a three - month quarantine at Queenstown , County Cork . 56 people died , 17 orphaned children were returned home and many others were assigned to a dozen other ships , families being broken up in the process . The ship finally arrived in Adelaide in July 1853 . Later in 1853 " Hercules " was placed on harbour service . In 1854 she proceeded to Hong Kong to serve as a depot and receiving ship , and she was sold there on 22 August 1865 to be broken .
United States First Fleet The First Fleet was a unit of the United States Navy , in operation from as early as 1946 ( but definitely active by 1948 as the First Task Fleet ) to 1 February 1973 in the western Pacific Ocean as part of the Pacific Fleet . In 1973 , it was disestablished and its duties assumed by the Third Fleet . Vice Admiral A . E . Montgomery was named as Commander , First Task Fleet , in an air station report of July 1947 , with an inspection visit by a group of senior officers . The old cruiser was sunk as an atomic bomb test target during First Task Fleet manoeuvers in May 1948 . became the flagship of Vice Admiral G . F . Bogan ( Commander First Task Fleet ) on 25 March 1949 . served as flagship for Commander First Fleet early in 1949 for three weeks of amphibious operations in Alaskan waters to evaluate cold weather equipment . served as flagship for Commander , First Fleet , from January 1960 - March 1963 . served as flagship in San Diego from 1969 until April 1972 , except for yard overhaul in 1970 when assumed the role .
Wilbraham Ford Admiral Sir Wilbraham Tennyson Randle Ford ( 19 January 1880 – 16 January 1964 ) , was a senior officer in the Royal Navy . He was the Rear Admiral Commanding His Majesty ' s Australian Squadron between 19 April 1934 and 20 April 1936 . Biography . Born on 1 January 1880 in Saint Helier , Jersey , Channel Islands , the son of Major C . W . Randle Ford . He joined the Royal Navy on 15 January 1894 as a cadet . Promoted to Captain he commanded HMS " Diligence " between 1 September 1922 and August 1923 then HMS " Calliope " as part of the Atlantic Fleet between 23 October 1924 and January 1925 . Assigned to the shore establishment HMS " President " on 29 March 1926 and became the Director of Physical Training and Sports between 5 April 1926 and May 1926 . Later transferred as the commanding officer to the training establishment HMS " Ganges " , Shotley and the Captain - in - Charge of Harwich Docks between 2 May 1927 and June 1928 . He commanded HMS " Royal Oak " as part of the Mediterranean Squadron between 8 May 1929 and April 1930 . He was promoted to commanding officer of HMS " Dryad " ( Navigation School ) between 20 June 1930 and January 1932 . He was the Rear Admiral Commanding His Majesty ' s Australian Squadron between 19 April 1934 and 20 April 1936 . He was awarded the Companion of the Order of the Bath on 4 June 1934 . Between 26 January 1937 and December 1941 he was the Vice - Admiral - in - Charge , Malta & Admiral Superintendent HM Dockyard , Malta HMS " St Angelo " . He was awarded the Officer of the Venerable Order of Saint John on 21 June 1938 , the Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire on 11 July 1940 and the Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath on 1 January 1942 . He was transferred as Commander - in - Chief , Rosyth with his flag in HMS " Cochrane " between 1 June 1942 and 1944 . He retired from the Royal Navy in 1946 . He died on 16 January 1964 .
USS Badoeng Strait ( CVE - 116 ) USS " Badoeng Strait " ( CVE - 116 ) was an of the United States Navy during the Korean War . She was named after the Badung Strait , located between the Indonesia n islands of Bali and Nusa Besar , which was the site of a World War II battle in February 1942 , between American – Netherlands and Japanese naval forces . " San Alberto Bay " was renamed " Badoeng Strait " on 6 November 1943 ; launched 15 February 1945 by Todd - Pacific Shipyards , Inc . , Tacoma , Washington ; sponsored by Mrs . T . H . Binford , wife of Captain Binford ; commissioned 14 November 1945 , Captain Thomas A . Turner , Jr . in command ; and reported to the Pacific Fleet . Operational history . " Badoeng Strait " operated out of San Diego until March 1946 , when she made a brief cruise to Hawaii . On 20 April 1946 she was placed out of commission . The ship was recommissioned 6 January 1947 . Between February 1947 and June 1950 " Badoeng Strait " operated in the Pacific , testing new anti - submarine warfare equipment , training her personnel , and participating in numerous anti - submarine warfare exercises . At various intervals she served as flagship of Carrier Divisions 17 and 15 . From July 1950 until February 1953 " Badoeng Strait " completed three tours off Korea ( 29 July 1950 – 23 January 1951 , 2 October 1951 – 14 February 1952 , and 6 October 1952 – 11 February 1953 ) , as a unit of TF ' s 95 and 77 . During these tours she operated on anti - submarine warfare duty and as a part of the blockade - escort force . Her aircraft provided invaluable close ground support during the early period of the action , particularly during the defense of the Pusan Perimeter ( 6 August – 12 September 1950 ) , Inchon landing ( 15 September ) , and Hŭngnam evacuation ( 9 – 24 December 1950 ) . After 1953 the ship underwent modernization ( April to September 1953 ) ; continued extensive experimental work in anti - submarine warfare with new naval aircraft and helicopter s , participated in various Pacific Fleet training exercises , and carried out extensive exercises with Marine assault helicopters . She has also completed another tour of the Far East and participated in Operation Redwing in the Pacific Proving Grounds during February – July 1956 . Decommissioning . On 14 January 1957 " Badoeng Strait " sailed for Bremerton , Washington , for inactivation . She went out of commission in reserve 17 May 1957 and was scrapped in 1972 . " Badoeng Strait " received the Navy Unit Commendation and six battle star s for her services during the Korean action . As of 2011 , no other U . S . Navy ship has been named " Badoeng Strait " . In Pop Culture . " Badoeng Strait " and its role in the early days of the Korean War was a featured setting in the novel " Retreat , Hell " by W . E . B . Griffin , book ten of " The Corps " series . Just before being scrapped in 1972 , " Badoeng Strait " was used in filming the final scenes of the movie Magnum Force .
Lambros Katsonis Lambros Katsonis ( Gr . Λάμπρος Κατσώνης ; Russian Ламброс Кацонис , 1752 – 1804 ) was a Greek naval admiral of the 18th century . Born in Levadia , he joined the Orlov Revolt in 1770 , but not pleased by the result he built up a small fleet and began harassing the Ottoman s in the Aegean Sea . In 1778 he assembled a Greek pirate fleet of seventy vessels , which harassed the Turkish squadrons in the Aegean and forced the Ottomans to abandon the island of Kastelorizo ; the castle on the island was renamed to Lambros Katsonis Castle . In 1790 he engaged the Turkish fleet in Kafirea , defeating it . Katsonis had his hideout in the bay of Porto Kagio . His crew grew very restless and they attacked and sunk two French naval ships . This caused the French to join with the Ottomans to try to stop Katsonis . They cornered him at Porto Kagio and Katsonis ' navy was destroyed . Katsonis escaped to Odessa and Yalta where he was granted the Livadia Palace estate by Catherine the Great . He lived out the rest of his days there . His wife was known as Angelina in Russia , but her real name was Maria Sophianou . He had three sons and possibly one daughter . His first son was killed by the Turks when was still infant , in the Greek island of Kea . The second , Lykourgos ( known in Russia as Ликург Ламбрович Качиони , 1790 - 1863 ) , born on a Greek island , had a brilliant career as officer in the Russian Army , including his service in the Greek Battalion of Balaklava . The third son , Alexander who was born in the Crimea , also became an officer in the Russian Army . According to some sources he had a daughter named Garyfallia , but there is no information about her life . One of Lambros ' grandsons , Spyridon son of Alexander , was a known Russian writer . He had a daughter named Garyfallia but there are no information about her life . He was also the godfather of Odysseas Androutsos , a commander of the Greek War of Independence . He died in Crimea . Trivia . The summer home of the last Tsars was built on Katsonis ' estate after 1861 .
Ulsan Japanese Castle Ulsan Japanese Castle ( 울산왜성 , ) is a Japanese style castle in Ulsan , South Korea which was constructed during the Japanese invasions of Korea ( Imjin war ) by Kato Kiyomasa ' s army . Today , Ulsan Japanese Castle is almost ruined by the city planning of Ulsan .
Utah World War II Army Airfields During World War II , the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) established numerous airfields in Utah for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers . Most of these airfields were under the command of Second Air Force or the Army Air Forces Training Command ( AAFTC ) ( A predecessor of the current - day United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command ) . However the other USAAF support commands ( Air Technical Service Command ( ATSC ) ; Air Transport Command ( ATC ) or Troop Carrier Command ) commanded a significant number of airfields in a support roles . It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields . Many were converted into municipal airports , some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front - line bases during the Cold War . Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today , and are being used for other purposes . Major Airfields . Proving Ground Command Air Technical Service Command Army Air Forces Training Command Second Air Force
Special Forces of Zimbabwe Special Forces of Zimbabwe ( formerly Rhodesia ) describes the units of the Zimbabwe National Army that operate as special forces . These forces have been deployed in several African conflicts , including the Mozambique Civil War and the Second Congo War . Composition . According to " Jane ' s Special Forces Recognition Guide " Special Forces in the Zimbabwe National Army include : There is also a diving school , equipped with a decompression chamber , operated in conjunction with the commandos . The Police operates patrol boats that include 2 x Rodman 46HJ , 3 x Rodman 38 , 5 x Roadman 26 , 8 x Type B 79 and an unknown number of Rodman 790s . Operations . Angola . Some sources claim Zimbabwean commandos led the final assault on UNITA leading to the eventual killing of Jonas Savimbi . Zimbabwe sent 2 , 000 troop to help the Angola government end the war . Congo . Zimbabwean commandos defended Kinshasa at the last minute when it was on the brink of falling to rebels to invading Ugandan and Rwandan army units . Due to the river networks in the DRC , the Boat Squadron saw extensive use during the course of Zimbabwe ’ s involvement . The Parachute Regiment suffered a heavy blow when 15 soldiers and together with their CASA 212 were captured after landing on an airstrip already controlled by the invading forces . It is believed the DRC government army unit they were supposed to join had defected to the rebels . The battle of Kinshasa was won by the Airforce of Zimbabwe . It played a crucial role in the securing of Kinshasa as the ZNA could not move since the rebels were all over the place . It was the jets of 5 Sqn which played a crucial role together with helicopter squadrons of the AFZ who managed to neutralise the rebels by destroying their tanks and heavy artillery . The AFZ gained a lot of respect for as they showed their expertise as well as professionalism throughout the entire war . It was them who secured the Matadi corridor , Bukavu and the Inga dam with the support of the Zim commandos , SAS , Paras and Ambphibious sqn . For more on past operations please see the Zimbabwe National Army page .
Arsenal Shipka The Shipka SMG was developed by Bulgarian company ARSENAL for police and military use , and currently is offered for export . It appeared on the market circa 1996 . According to some sources , it is used by Bulgarian police and security forces . " Shipka " ( named after historical place in Bulgaria ) is a straightforward design , using simple blowback operation and firing from open bolt . The lower receiver along with pistol grip and triggerguard is made from polymer , the upper receiver is made from steel . Simple buttstock is made from steel wire and folds to the left side of gun . Actually this submachine gun costs 300 $
Gordon Moore ( Royal Navy officer ) Admiral Sir ( Archibald ) Gordon ( Henry Wilson ) Moore KCB CVO ( 2 February 1862 – 2 April 1934 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Third Sea Lord . Naval career . Moore joined the Royal Navy and served in the Anglo - Egyptian War of 1882 . He was promoted to Captain 17 July 1901 , and later Rear - Admiral . He was appointed Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord in 1907 and Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes in 1909 . He went on to be Third Sea Lord in 1912 . He served in World War I commanding the 2nd Battlecruiser Squadron from 1914 and then seeing action at the Battle of Heligoland Bight in August 1914 and then as Admiral Lord Beatty ' s Second in Command at the Battle of Dogger Bank in which he led the sinking of SMS " Blücher " in January 1915 . He commanded the 9th Cruiser Squadron from February 1915 and went on to be Controller of the Mechanical Warfare Department in 1917 . He retired in 1919 .
Confederates in the Attic Confederates in the Attic is a work of non - fiction by Pulitzer Prize - winning author Tony Horwitz . Horwitz explores his deep interest in the American Civil War and investigates the ties in the United States among citizens to a war that ended more than 130 years previously . Among the experiences Horwitz has in the book : When published , " Confederates in the Attic " became a bestseller in the United States . The " New York Times " described it as intellectually honest and humorous , saying Horwitz seemed uncomfortable placed between two sides , seeking peace between the factions . Toward the end of the chapter on Alberta Martin , Horwitz claims that Martin ' s Confederate husband was a deserter . In response , in 1998 the Southern Legal Resource Center sued Horwitz on Martin ' s behalf , with encouragement from the Sons of Confederate Veterans . It noted that two other William Martins were on the rolls of the same company as Alberta ' s husband . In addition , the SLRC claimed that Horwitz had ridiculed her in his book . In 2000 the University of North Carolina ' s Chapel Hill campus added " Confederates in the Attic " to their freshman reading list .