naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
French ship Hercule ( 1815 ) Hercule was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . Her keel was laid down in Toulon in 1812 as " Kremlin " . During her construction , she was renamed " Provence " during the Bourbon Restoration , " Hercule " briefly during the Hundred Days , when she was launched , and back to " Provence " from July 1815 . She was commissioned after 12 years , in 1827 , but sustained heavy damage when she collided with the " Scipion " which was returning from the Battle of Navarino , and had to return to Toulon for repairs . After the " fan incident " , she sailed for Algiers to attempt talks , arriving on 3 August 1829 . In July 1830 , she was the flagship of Vice - admiral Duperré for the Invasion of Algiers in 1830 . On 17 July 1830 , she was renamed " Alger " to celebrate the capitulation of the city . In 1831 , " Alger " took part in the Battle of the Tagus , under Captain Jacques Leblanc , and later in the Crimean war , bombarding Sevastopol . From 1855 , she was used as a hospital hulk , and was eventually broken up in 1881 .
142nd Division ( Imperial Japanese Army ) The was one of eighteen Coastal Defense Divisions raised by the Japan ese to defend the coast of their homeland from an anticipated Allied invasion , on the 28th of February 1945 . Each Division of the series between 140 and 160 had four infantry regiments . The 145th Division had 401st , 402nd , 403rd and 404th Infantry Regiments with other artillery , engineer , antitank , rocket artillery , and other divisional units .
Victor Lahorie Victor Claude Alexandre Fanneau de Lahorie ( Javron - les - Chapelles ; 5 January 1766 - Paris ; 29 October 1812 ) was a French general who served during the First Empire . He was shot by a firing squad for his participation in the Malet conspiracy against Napoléon . He was widely known as the lover of Sophie Trébuchet , Victor Hugo ' s mother .
Poenari Castle Poenari Castle ( ) , also known as Poenari Citadel ( " Cetatea Poenari " in Romanian ) , is a ruined castle in Romania , notable for its connection to Vlad III the Impaler . Location . The castle is located on a cliff , on the West side of the Transfăgărăşan road in Argeş County ( Căpățânenii Pământeni village of the Arefu commune ) on a canyon formed on the Argeş River valley , close to the Făgăraş Mountains . History . Poenari Castle was erected around the beginning of the 13th century by the rulers of Wallachia . Around the 14th century , Poenari was the main citadel of the Basarab rulers . In the next few decades , the name and the residents changed a few times but eventually the castle was abandoned and left in ruins . However , in the 15th century , realizing the potential for a castle perched high on a steep precipice of rock , Vlad III the Impaler repaired and consolidated the structure , making it one of his main fortresses . Although the castle was used for many years after Vlad ' s death in 1476 , it eventually was abandoned again in the first half of the 16th century and was in ruins by the 17th century . Due to its size and location , control of the castle was difficult to take , even by natural forces . However , in 1888 , a landslide brought down a portion of the castle which crashed into the river far below . Nonetheless , the castle was slightly repaired and the walls and its towers still stand today . To reach the castle , visitors need to climb 1 , 480 steps . During the Communist era in Romania , foreign visitors sometimes spent the night inside the castle ruins . Claims that the Poenari Castle would be the " real " Castle Dracula as featured in Bram Stoker ' s famous " Dracula " novel have no basis in Stoker ' s book . Stoker never heard of the Poenari Castle . It is ca . 200 km away from the novel ' s place of action in the north - east corner of Transylvania . As discovered by the Dutch author Hans Corneel de Roos , Stoker ' s own handwritten research notes confirm that the novelist had a specific location in that region for the Vampire ' s stronghold in mind while writing his novel : an empty mountain top 2 , 033 m high , located in the Transylvanian Carpathian Mountains , near the former border with Moldavia . In Popular Culture . A modern rendering of Poenari Castle was featured in the 2013 STARZ television series Da Vinci ' s Demons in the episode titled " The Devil " in which Leonardo Da Vinci travels to Poenari Castle in Wallachia to meet with Vlad III .
No . 104 Squadron RAF No . 104 Squadron RAF was formed at Wyton , England on 4 September 1917 and was equipped with the DH 9 . It then moved to Andover , prior to being posted to France in May 1918 . The squadron later began re - equipping with the DH 10 , however the armistice arrived before this was completed and the squadron returned home , first to Turnhouse and then to Crail where it disbanded on 30 June 1919 . Eight flying aces served within its ranks , including future Rear Admiral Arthur Rullion Rattray , Jeffrey Batters Home - Hay , William Bottrill , Richard Gammon and W . Harrop . On 7 January 1936 , the squadron was reformed at Abingdon from the ' C ' Flight of No . 40 Squadron . The squadron was equipped with the Hawker Hind . In August 1936 the squadron moved to RAF Hucknall , followed by a move to Bassingbourn in May 1938 , and conversion to the Bristol Blenheim . The squadron disbanded when it was absorbed into No . 13 Operational Training Unit in April 1940 . The squadron reformed again on 1 April 1941 at RAF Driffield , equipped with the Vickers Wellington and began night bombing operations in May as part of No . 4 Group RAF until February 1942 . A squadron detachment was sent to Malta in October 1941 , moving to Egypt in January 1942 , shortly afterwards the home contingent of the squadron at Driffield was renumbered No . 158 , whilst the remainder of the squadron in the Middle East remained No . 104 . The squadron later moved first to captured airfields in Tunisia , followed by a move to the Italian mainland in December 1943 . In February 1945 the squadron was re - equipped with the Consolidated Liberator , and then returned to Egypt in November 1945 where it converted to the Avro Lancaster . The squadron disbanded on 1 April 1947 . In March 1955 the squadron reformed at Gutersloh equipped with the English Electric Canberra . Appointed as CO by April 1955 was Sqn Ldr Edward Stephenson , an experienced flying instructor . The squadron became part of No . 551 Wing RAF , the Bomber Command Element of 2TAF : this consisted of Nos 102 , 103 , 104 and 149 Squadrons - each equipped with ten Canberra B2s . The squadron disbanded again in August 1956 . The squadron was again reformed - as 104 ( SM ) Sqn . - on 22 July 1959 as one of 20 Strategic Missile ( SM ) squadrons associated with Project Emily . The squadron was equipped with three Thor Intermediate range ballistic missile s . and based at RAF Ludford Magna . In October 1962 , during the Cuban missile crisis , the squadron was kept at full readiness , with the missiles aimed at strategic targets in the USSR . The squadron was disbanded on 24 May 1963 , with the termination of the Thor Program in Britain .
Battle of Thouars The Battle of Thouars was a battle between pro - and anti - Revolutionary forces on the morning of 5 May 1793 during the war in the Vendée . It involved the taking of the town of Thouars by force by the anti - Revolutionary forces or Vendéens . To defend the city , the Republicans had been posted on the bridges of the River Thouet in front of the city . The main clash took place on the pont de Vrine . The Vendéens proved unable to take the bridge for six hours , until Louis Marie de Lescure ( fighting in his first battle ) showed himself alone on the bridge under enemy fire and encouraged his men to follow him , which they did , crossing the bridge . The Republicans there were taken from behind by the cavalry under Charles de Bonchamps , which had crossed the river at a ford . Despite the arrival of reinforcements , the Republicans were turned to rout and withdrew towards the city . The Whites , headed by Henri de La Rochejacquelein , took the rampart by force and poured into the city , and the Republican troops quickly capitulated . The Vendéens seized a large amount of arms and gunpowder , but allowed the captured Republican forces to leave , after having sworn to no longer fight in the Vendée and had their hair shaved off so they could be recognised lest they went back on their word and were recaptured .
Battenberg Cup The Battenberg Cup is an award given annually as a symbol of operational excellence to the best ship or submarine in the United States Navy Atlantic Fleet . The cup was originally awarded as a trophy to the winner of cutter or longboat rowing competitions between crews of American and British naval ships . In more recent years it has been presented to the Battle Efficiency " E " winner selected as the best all - around ship of the Fleet based on crew achievements . These include performance in competition for Atlantic Fleet Sportsmanship Award , TYCOM Sailor of the Year Award , Golden Anchor Award ( for retention ) , Captain Edward F . Ney Memorial Award ( for food service ) , and command excellence awards . Other information , such as operating schedules , commitments and unusual factors contributing to the nomination may also be considered . Pacific Fleet has no equivalent award . History . In 1905 , Prince Louis of Battenberg , commanding the five ships of the Royal Navy ' s 2nd Cruiser Squadron , visited the United States , making port visits in New York City , Annapolis and Washington , D . C . Shortly after his return to England , Battenberg sent the cup to Rear Admiral Robley Evans who at the time commanded the US North Atlantic Fleet . Battenberg requested the trophy become a challenge cup between enlisted men of the two navies . The challenge rules were set up for cutter racing , including a provision that British sailors could compete with their American counterparts “ whenever a ship holding the cup would fall in with a British Man - O - War . ” Only once in 34 years of competition ( in 1907 during the Jamestown Exposition in Norfolk , Virginia ) and 52 challenges did the Americans lose the cup to the British . The rowing competition was discontinued due to World War II and never resumed . The cup was present at the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 aboard , the last ship to win the cup . It survived the sinking of the " West Virginia " during the attack and remained aboard as she was raised , refitted and returned to the war . The ship retained custody of the cup until her decommissioning in 1947 when the cup was displayed at several Navy commands . It was eventually placed in the Navy Memorial Museum in Washington , D . C . until the competition reemerged in 1978 with new criteria . The side of the , silver - plated cup is engraved , " " To the enlisted men of the North Atlantic Fleet from their British cousins of the 2nd Cruiser Squadron . In grateful remembrance of the many kindnesses , tokens of good fellowship and wonderful entertainments that were given to them in cordial friendship by their comrades across the sea . " " It features the crossed ensigns of the US Navy and Royal Navy .
703d Strategic Missile Wing The 703d Strategic Missile Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the Strategic Air Command 13th Air Division , being stationed at Lowry Air Force Base , Colorado . It was inactivated on 1 July 1961 . The 703d was planned to be the first HGM - 25A Titan I Intercontinental ballistic missile wing . It was activated on 25 September 1958 , but never became fully operational . Partial capability was achieved on 10 December 1958 , with training on the operation of the Titan I ICBM until March 1960 . The missiles , personnel and facilities of the wing were reassigned to the 451st Strategic Missile Wing on 1 July 1961 and the unit was inactivated .
USS Silver Cloud ( 1862 ) The first USS " Silver Cloud " was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy as a gunboat in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways . Commissioned at Cairo , Illinois , in 1863 . " Silver Cloud " — a wooden - hulled stern wheel steamer built in 1862 at Brownsville , Pennsylvania , was taken over by the Navy on 1 April 1863 at Cairo , Illinois ; commissioned there on 4 May 1863 ; and was formally purchased by the Navy on 19 May 1863 . Civil War operations . Assigned to the Mississippi Squadron . The gunboat ( " Tinclad No . 28 " ) , commanded by Acting Master Augustus F . Thompson , joined the Mississippi Squadron after it had succeeded in opening the Mississippi River and its tributaries to navigation by Union ships — naval , military , and merchant . However , since the South was not yet beaten , it was still necessary for the ships to patrol the rivers to protect Union shipping from attacks by guerrilla bands . Destroying boats along the Tennessee River . Early in May 1863 , her first assignment took her up the Tennessee River as far as Eastport , Mississippi , to destroy every boat found along the way which might be used by the Confederates to cross the river . She and her consorts , , , and also carried Army troops to Linden , Tennessee , for a surprise raid at dawn on the 13th . The operation was completely successful and resulted in the capture of five officers , 40 men , 50 horses , as well as their arms , supplies , and equipment . Such operations became almost routine for " Silver Cloud " during the almost two remaining years of the Civil War . Conveying General Sherman from Memphis to Vicksburg . Highlights of her service included another expedition up the Tennessee in July and an engagement with some 200 Confederate soldiers whom she drove away from Osceola , Arkansas . In mid - January 1864 , she carried Gen . William Tecumseh Sherman from Memphis , Tennessee , to Vicksburg , Mississippi . On 14 April , she assisted and " Platte Valley " in driving Confederate cavalry and infantry from Fort Pillow , Tennessee , which Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest had captured two days before . Late in May , she assisted , after that river monitor had run aground at Helena Bar , Arkansas . Post - war operations . After the Confederacy collapsed , " Silver Cloud " operated briefly on the rivers helping to return conditions to normal . Decommissioning , sale , and subsequent maritime career . She was decommissioned at Mound City , Illinois , on 13 July 1865 and was sold at public auction there on 17 August 1865 to J . H . Sterritt . The ship was converted from a stern to a side wheeler and redocumented on 7 October 1865 . She was snagged and lost on 27 February 1866 in Buffalo Bayou , Texas .
USS Patterson ( FF - 1061 ) USS " Patterson " ( FF - 1061 ) was a United States Navy Knox class frigate in commission from 1970 to 1991 . She was named in honor of Commodore Daniel Todd Patterson ( 1786 - 1839 ) , who performed distinguished service at New Orleans during the War of 1812 . " Patterson " was built at Westwego , Louisiana by Avondale Shipyard . She was commissioned on 14 March 1970 , conducted shakedown training out of Guantanamo Bay , Cuba , and in June and August 1971 made her first overseas deployment , a trip to northern Europe . Her next deployment , to the Mediterranean Sea for service with the Sixth Fleet , took place during the first half of 1974 . When all newer escort ships were reclassified as frigates in mid - 1975 , Patterson became FF - 1061 . At about this time she was also updated , receiving enlarged helicopter facilities and the Basic Point Defense Missile System , whose launcher for eight " Sea Sparrow " guided missiles was installed on her afterdeck . " Patterson " made another Mediterranean cruise from late 1976 to mid - 1977 and a third in 1978 and early 1979 . In September and October 1979 the ship returned to northern European waters and in mid - 1980 she provided help to the West Indies island of St . Lucia after it was hit by a devastating hurricane . After steaming east to the Mediterranean in October 1980 , " Patterson " voyaged onward to make a tour of the Persian Gulf during the last months of that year and the first month of 1981 . A fifth Sixth Fleet cruise followed from late in 1981 into 1982 , with Red Sea operations at the end of the deployment . The frigate earned a Meritorious Unit Commendation for her activities during this time . In June 1983 " Patterson " was assigned to the Naval Reserve Force , based at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . She remained in this non - deploying status for the next eight years , making frequent cruises in the western Atlantic area , from Canada to the West Indies , to keep Naval Reservists ' training up to date . In late 1990 " Patterson " conducted counter - narcotics operations in the Caribbean , taking a two - way passage through the Panama Canal as part of her work . A final cruise , to Bermuda in May 1991 , was followed by decommissioning on 30 September 1991 . After more than three years in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet , " Patterson " was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 11 January 1995 . Though later considered for transfer to Greece as a source of spare parts , she remained in U . S . Navy custody until late September 1999 , when a contract was let for her scrapping . The ship was broken up at Baltimore , Maryland , during the rest of 1999 and the first half of 2000 .
Ganghwa Island incident The Ganghwa Island incident or the Japanese Battle of Ganghwa ( " Unyo - ho sageon " meaning " " Un ' yō " incident " ; " Kōkatō jiken " ) , was an armed encounter between the Joseon Dynasty of Korea and Japan which occurred in the vicinity of Ganghwa Island on September 20 , 1875 . Background . In the second half of the 19th century , the Korea peninsula was the scene of a power struggle between several imperial powers including the Russians and the French , as well as the Chinese and the Japanese . The Meiji Restoration of 1868 ended the 265 - year - old feudalistic Tokugawa shogunate in Japan . The new government of Japan sent a messenger holding a letter with the sovereign ' s message which informed of the founding of a new administration of Japan to the government of the Korean Joseon Dynasty on December 19 , 1868 . However , the Koreans refused to receive the letter because it contained the Chinese characters 皇 ( " royal , imperial " ) and 勅 ( " imperial decree " ) . According to the political system of the day , only the Chinese emperor was allowed to use these characters , as they signified the imperial authority of China . Hence , their use by a Japanese sovereign was considered unacceptable to Joseon Korea , as it implied he was an equal of the emperor of the China . The Chinese suggested to the Koreans to receive the sovereign letter from Japan , because China knew the power of Japan at that moment . Despite government - level negotiations held in 1875 at Busan , no substantial progress was made . Instead , tension grew as the Koreans continued to refuse to recognize Japan ' s claims of equality with China . Battle of Ganghwa . In 1875 , the " Unyo " , a small Japanese warship under the command of Inoue Yoshika , was dispatched to survey coastal waters without Korean permission . On September 20 , the ship reached Ganghwa Island , which had been a site of violent confrontations between Korean forces and foreign forces in the previous decade . In 1866 , the island was briefly occupied during the French expedition against Korea , and also in 1871 subject to an American expedition . The memories of those confrontations were very fresh , and there was little question that the Korean garrison would shoot at any approaching foreign ship . Nonetheless , Commander Inoue ordered a small boat launched – allegedly in search of drinkable water . The Korean forts opened fire . The " Unyo " brought its superior firepower to bear and silenced the Korean guns , then sent a landing force ashore to fight the Koreans on land . The Japanese ended their attack and withdrew back to Japan . Aftermath . Casualties are unknown , after the incident , the Imperial Japanese Navy blockaded the immediate area and requested an official apology from the Joseon government , which was concluded with the dispatch of the Kuroda mission , and the signing of the Treaty of Ganghwa on February 27 , 1876 , which opened the Korean Peninsula to Japanese and foreign trade .
Krujë Castle The Krujë castle ( ) is a castle in the city of Krujë , Albania and the center of Skanderbeg ' s battle against the Ottoman Turks . The castle withstood three massive sieges from the Turks , with garrisons usually no larger than 2 , 000 - 3 , 000 men . Mehmed II " The Conqueror " himself could not break the castle ' s small defenses . Today it is a center of tourism in Albania , and a source of inspiration to Albanians . History . During the Albanian Revolt of 1432 - 1436 the city was unsuccessfully besieged by Andrea Thopia . Legacy . The castle is depicted on the reverses of the Albanian 1000 lekë banknote of 1992 - 1996 , and of the 5000 lekë banknote issued since 1996 .
30th Launch Group The 30th Launch Group is a United States Air Force unit . It is assigned to the 30th Space Wing , Vandenberg AFB , California . Overview . The 30th Launch Group is responsible for booster and satellite technical oversight and launch processing activities to include launch , integration and test operations . The group consists of an integrated military , civilian and contractor team with more than 250 personnel directly supporting operations from the Western Range .
Battle of Massawa ( 1977 ) The Battle of Massawa ( also known as the First Battle of Massawa ) took place from 1977 to 1978 in and around the coastal city of Massawa in Eritrea . The port was besieged by the Eritrean People ' s Liberation Front ( EPLF ) against the forces of Ethiopia , and was one of two battles in and around the city . The battle . By 1977 EPLF soldiers had claimed all of Massawa save the port itself . This included the main road used by the garrison for the transport of supplies from Asmara . Essentially the garrison was cut off by land and under siege . On 23 December 1977 the EPLF began a strike through an open field towards the salt flats and port . Soviet Naval warships began to shell EPLF held portions of the town to prevent its occupation by the EPLF , especially the downtown areas . The Ethiopian victory was attributed to the intervention of the Soviet Union on behalf of Ethiopia . This defeat led to a withdrawal , dubbed the " strategic withdrawal " , into the Sahel around the town of Nakfa . This battle was also the beginning of direct Soviet involvement in the Eritrean War of Independence , which would continue in other battles .
Air Force ranks and insignia of Pakistan The Ranks of Pakistan Air Force are primarily based on Royal Air Force rank structure , though ranks for other ranks personnel and insignia differ . Insignia for officer ranks were changed from the British influenced ranks to a Turkish style one on 5 July 2006 . Officer ranks . Officer rank badges are displayed on the shoulders . Non - Commissioned Officers . The Non - Commissioned Officers rank badges are displayed on arms .
William Marland ( Medal of Honor ) William Marland ( 1839 – 1905 ) was an officer in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the American Civil War . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : First Lieutenant , 2d Independent Battery , Massachusetts Light Artillery . Place and date : At Grand Coteau , La . , November 3 , 1863 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Born : March 11 , 1839 , Andover , Mass . Date of issue : February 16 , 1897 . Citation : After having been surrounded by the enemy ' s cavalry , his support having surrendered , he ordered a charge and saved the section of the battery that was under his command .
John R . MacGowan John R . MacGowan served in the United States Army during World War II . He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his actions during the Battle of Buna - Gona . MacGowan was serving with the 128th Infantry Regiment , 32nd Infantry Division . The division was made up of units from the states of Michigan and Wisconsin , the latter of which was MacGowan ' s home of record .