naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Capture of Mannheim The Capture of Mannheim took place on 2 November 1622 , by the Spanish - Imperial army commanded by Johan Tzerclaes , Count of Tilly against the Protestant troops under the Englishman Sir Horace Vere during the Thirty Years ' War . Background . In September , 1620 , the Spanish - Imperial troops led by the Count of Tilly and Don Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba invaded and conquered the Lower Palatinate . The Protestant garrison under Sir Horace Vere held Frankenthal , Mannheim and Heidelberg , but the rest of the Palatinate fell into Spanish hands . < ref name = " Polišenský / Snider p . 90 " > Polišenský / Snider p . 90 < / ref > On 19 , September , 1622 , the Spanish - Imperial army defeated the Protestant troops under Sir Gerard Herbert at Heidelberg and the Catholic army went on to conquer the town . Siege of Mannheim . The Spanish continued their progress towards Mannheim . The city was defended by the Anglo - German - Protestants troops commanded by Horace Vere . The Count of Tilly subjected Manheim to a siege , and the Spanish - Imperial forces swiftly defeated the Protestant troops . The city was conquered by the Spaniards , and Vere , and a few hundred of his men , retired to the citadel . Finally , and without hope of reinforcements , Vere was forced to capitulate . Just Frankenthal remained under control of the Protestants commanded by Sir John Burroughs , but was taken one year later by the Spanish troops under Don Guillermo Verdugo . Aftermath . The courage displayed by Horace Vere against great odds was recognised in England , when the General returned early in February , 1623 , even if his salary and expenses were never paid in full by the treasury . On 16 February 1623 , he was appointed Master - General of the Ordnance for life , and he became a member of the Council of War on 20 July 1624 . In 1624 , Vere travelled once more to The Hague in order to second Prince Maurice of Orange in the defence of the important fortress of Breda , under siege by the Spaniards under Don Ambrosio Spinola from August .
Desmond Kuek Desmond Kuek Bak Chye is a Singaporean business executive and former military officer . He was the sixth Chief of Defence Force of the Singapore Armed Forces ( SAF ) , holding the rank of Lieutenant - General . He is the President and Chief Executive Officer of SMRT Corporation . Education . Kuek received his secondary and pre - university education in Anglo - Chinese School and Anglo - Chinese Junior College respectively . He was awarded an overseas scholarship by the Singapore Armed Forces in 1982 . He holds a Bachelor of Arts ( honours ) and a Master of Arts in engineering science from the University of Oxford , as well as a Master of Public Administration in macroeconomics and statistics from Harvard University . Kuek also attended the Command and Staff Course at Camberley Staff College in the U . K . in 1991 . Military career . Kuek enlisted in the Singapore Armed Forces ( SAF ) in 1981 . Throughout his career in the SAF , he held various appointments , including the following : Commanding Officer , 41st Battalion Singapore Armoured Regiment ; Head of Defence Studies Department , Ministry of Defence ; Commander , 4th Singapore Armoured Brigade ; Assistant Chief of the General Staff ( Operations ) ; Commander , 3rd Division ; Director , Joint Intelligence Directorate ; Chief of Staff , General Staff ; Chief of Army ( 2003 – 2007 ) . On 23 March 2007 , he succeeded Ng Yat Chung as the Chief of Defence Force . Kuek relinquished his appointment as the Chief of Defence Force on 31 March 2010 and was succeeded by Neo Kian Hong . Post - military career . After leaving the military , Kuek served as the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources from 1 July 2010 to September 2010 . During his tenure , he co - chaired the Environment and Water Technologies ( Clean Water ) Executive Committee and the Steering Committee on CleanTech Park . He was also a member of the Centre for Strategic Futures Advisory Board and the Advisory Group for Civil Service Governance & Leadership ( Human Resource ) . He sits on the Civil Service College Board and chairs its audit committee . He also held directorships on the boards of the following companies : Housing and Development Board , from 2001 to 2003 ; International Enterprise Singapore , in 2005 ; JTC Corporation , from 2007 to 2010 ; Defence Science and Technology Agency , from 2007 to 2010 ; ST Engineering and its various subsidiaries , from 1994 to 2010 . Kuek became the President and Chief Executive Officer of SMRT Corporation on 1 October 2012 . Family . Kuek is married to Claudel Kuek , the managing director of PowerMoves Pilates in the Park . They have two children .
John Adams Howell John Adams Howell ( 16 March 1840 – 1918 ) was a Rear Admiral of the United States Navy , who served during the Civil War and the Spanish – American War . He was also a noted inventor . Biography . Howell was born in Bath , New York , on 16 March 1840 . He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1858 , and was promoted to lieutenant in April 1861 . During the American Civil War , Howell served as executive officer of the steam sloop at the Battle of Mobile Bay on 5 August 1864 , and was honorably mentioned by his commanding officer in his despatches . Howell was promoted to lieutenant - commander in March 1865 , and commander on 6 March 1872 . Howell was an Assistant in the U . S . Coast Survey , and the commanding officer of the Coast Survey steamer in the early 1870s . The " Howell Basin " , in the Atlantic Ocean , east of Cape Cod , and the " Howell Hook " , a submerged reef off the coast of southern Florida , are named in his honor . Howell was promoted to captain on 1 March 1884 , and in 1887 was a member of the Naval Advisory Board . He was promoted to rear admiral in 1898 . During the Spanish – American War he commanded a division of the North Atlantic Squadron . Rear Admiral Howell died in 1918 . Inventions . Howell is remembered less for his wartime achievements than for his innovations in ordnance . He invented the self - steering torpedo — the " Howell torpedo " — and also patented torpedo launchers , gyroscopes for the guidance of torpedoes , explosive shells , a disappearing gun carriage for shore defense emplacement , and an amphibious lifeboat .
Canon de 75 M ( montagne ) modele 1919 Schneider The Canon de 75 M ( montagne ) modèle 1919 Schneider ( 75 mm mle . 1919 ) was a French mountain gun designed as a replacement of the 65 mm mle 1906 . The mle 1919 was manufactured by Schneider et Cie and used during World War II . For transport , the gun could be broken down into seven sections . This weapon was used by Brazil , Greece , Paraguay , Poland , and Yugoslavia . When captured by the Germans , the French guns were designated 7 . 5 cm GebK 237 ( f ) ; the Yugoslav guns were designated 7 . 5 cm GebK 283 ( j ) ; and Polish guns were possibly designated as 7 . 5 cm GebK M . 19 ( p ) . ( " 1 - p . 16 " ) The gun crew was protected by an armoured shield . Greek service . This gun was used by the Hellenic ( Greek ) Army in the Greek - Italian war from October 1940 - Spring 1941 . It was used in divisional service in conjunction with the Schneider 105 mountain gun of 10 , 5 cm caliber as they called it . Each Greek division had an artillery regiment with 16 mountain 75mm and 8 mountain 105mm guns . A total of 192 Mle 1919 75mm were procured by Greece , that equipped 12 ( of 15 ) divisional artillery regiments .
Multiple rocket launcher A multiple rocket launcher ( MRL ) is a type of unguided rocket artillery system . Like other rocket artillery , multiple rocket launchers are less accurate and have a much lower ( sustained ) rate of fire than batteries of traditional artillery guns . However , they have the capability of simultaneously dropping many hundreds of kilograms of explosive , with devastating effect . History . The very first model of multiple rocket launcher was created in Ming China which used black gunpowder to accelerate the rockets that were basically arrows with small fuel tanks . The first modern multiple rocket launcher was the German " Nebelwerfer " of the 1930s , a small towed artillery piece . Only later in World War II did the Allies deploy similar weapons in the form of the Land Mattress . The first self - propelled multiple rocket launchers — and arguably the most famous — were the Soviet BM - 13 Katyusha s , first used during World War II and exported to Soviet allies afterwards . They were simple systems in which a rack of launch rails was mounted on the back of a truck . This set the template for modern multiple rocket launchers . The Americans mounted tubular launchers atop M4 Sherman tanks to create the T34 Calliope rocket launching tank , only used in small numbers , as their closest equivalent to the Katyusha .
Battle of Grimball ' s Landing The Battle of Grimball ' s Landing took place in James Island , South Carolina , on July 16 , 1863 , during the American Civil War . It was a part of the campaign known as Operations Against the Defenses of Charleston . Battle . To divert Confederate reinforcements from a renewed attack on nearby Fort Wagner , Brig . Gen . Quincy A . Gillmore designed two feints . An amphibious force ascended Stono River to threaten the Charleston & Savannah Railroad bridge . A second force , consisting of Alfred Terry ' s division , landed on James Island on July 8 . Soon , Terry demonstrated against the Confederate defenses , but did not launch a major attack . On July 16 , the Confederates attacked Terry ' s camp at Grimball ' s Landing . Because of incomplete reconnaissance of the difficult , marshy ground , the disorganized Confederate attack was soon aborted . Their mission accomplished , Federal troops withdrew from the island on July 17 .
John O ' Donnell ( poet ) John P O ' Donnell , was an Irish Australian soldier and poet , fl . 1915 – 1918 . O ' Donnell was born in Tuam , County Galway in 1890 , the son of an accountant in the National Bank . He served in the Australian army during World War I , arriving at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 . He was there eight months and wounded in that time . He later fought at the Battle of the Somme . In 1918 he was invalided home , during which time he wrote the last six poems of his only collection , dealing with the war from the perspective of an Australian .
40M Nimród The 40M Nimród was a World War II Hungarian self - propelled anti - aircraft gun based on a license - built copy of the Swedish Luftvärnskanonvagn L - 62 Anti II tank . Originally , it was intended to be used both as a self - propelled anti - aircraft gun and tank destroyer , but it proved to be ineffective against Soviet T - 34 tanks . Therefore , it was primarily utilized against lightly armored vehicles and for air defense . A total of 135 Nimrods were built , most of which were deployed by the 51st and 52nd Armoured Autocannon Battalions of the 1st and 2nd Hungarian Armoured Division , respectively . Nimrod batteries attached to armoured and motorized battalions were allocated six vehicles each . A platoon consisted of two vehicles . The vehicles ' only armament was a 36M 40 mm Bofors anti - aircraft gun also made in Hungary under license . The gun fired the usual anti - aircraft ammunition as well as a Hungarian anti - tank round . It had a rate of fire of 120 rounds per minute and a penetration of 46mm at 100m , 30mm at 1000m . The Nimrod carried 160 rounds . Late in the war , the vehicle was issued with the 42M " Kerngranate " . This was a rocket grenade fitted over the muzzle in the fashion of a rifle grenade . The vehicle had a crew of six men : commander , driver , two loaders and two gunners .
Bill Slater ( broadcaster ) Bill Slater ( December 3 , 1902 – January 25 , 1965 ) was an educator , sports announcer , and radio / television personality from the 1920s through the 1950s . He was perhaps best known for hosting the radio shows " Twenty Questions " and " Luncheon at Sardi ' s " . He is also the great uncle of actor Christian Slater . Sports broadcaster . NBC , CBS , Mutual Broadcasting System Slater announced the first television broadcast of a World Series in 1947 between the New York Yankees and Brooklyn Dodgers , which the Yankees won . His co - broadcasters for that event were Bob Stanton and Bob Edge . He also co - announced the 1945 World Series on Mutual with Al Helfer as well as the 1945 and 1946 All - Star Games for Major League Baseball on Mutual radio . He was the chief radio announcer for the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network 500 Race in 1947 when the race was covered by the Mutual Broadcasting System . Slater was the primary voice of Paramount News reels for many years beginning in 1936 . He covered the 1936 Summer Olympics for NBC , announced for the New York Yankees and New York Giants baseball teams , the 1937 Sugar Bowl , West Point , Yale , Penn and other college football games , and later , tennis from Wimbledon and Forest Hills . Slater was announcing a NFL game between the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants when the first bulletin aired of the Japan ese bombing of Pearl Harbor Television . Slater hosted / emceed many early television shows : Education and educator . Slater earned a master ’ s degree in political science from Columbia University and was a 1924 graduate of West Point . He taught English and math at his hometown of Parkersburg , West Virginia . He then joined the Greenbrier Military School in Lewisburg , West Virginia as commandant . Next he was on the faculty of the New York Military Academy where he also coached football . He was then the head of the math dept and football coach at Blake School in Minneapolis , Minnesota . Finally he was the headmaster of Adelphi Academy in Brooklyn , New York from 1933 - 1942 . From educator to broadcaster . While teaching at the Blake School for Boys in Minneapolis , it was suggested by a student , whose father was a radio executive , that Slater had the voice and knowledge to be a sports announcer . His first network break came while at Adelphi Academy when Ted Husing asked Slater to call an Army - Navy football game . Military . He served as a lieutenant colonel in public relations for the U . S . Army beginning in 1942 . Personal life . Born William E . Slater , December 3 , 1902 in Parkersburg , West Virginia . His first wife was Rebecca and his second wife , Marian , sometimes accompanied him on the " Luncheon at Sardi ' s " radio show . He was 6 ’ 3 ” and died in Larchmont , New York after a long battle with Parkinson ' s disease . His younger brother , Tom Slater , five years his junior , was also a sports broadcaster and followed him as the host of " Luncheon at Sardi ' s " . Tom Slater ’ s son , actor Michael Hawkins ( Thomas Knight Slater ) is Christian Slater ’ s father .
William Trump William Trump served aboard a Landing Craft Infantry vessel during four amphibious assaults , during World War II . His vessel , the USS " LCI - 90 " , participated in the invasion of French North Africa , Sicily and Anzio in 1943 , and in the Invasion of Normandy in 1944 . It was during the Invasion of Normandy that Trump earned a Silver Star . He volunteered to venture onto the Omaha Beach and anchor a safety line for the 200 soldiers his vessel carried to follow ashore . Trump had to make his way past heavily mined beach fortifications , while under heavy enemy fire . His helmet was creased by a German bullet . Trump lied about his age , and enlisted in the Coast Guard in 1942 at 17 years old . He retired as a Chief Petty Officer , in 1965 After retirement Trump joined the Merchant Marine , serving for fifteen years aboard vessels of Belcher Oil Company . Only eleven other members of the Coast Guard have been awarded silver stars . USCGC " William Trump " . In 2010 when the Coast Guard decided that all the new Sentinel class cutters would be named after Coast Guard personnel who had been recognized for their heroism ; Trump was one of those to be honored . The eleventh cutter in the class will be named the USCGC " William Trump " . She will be homeported in Key West , Florida . Trump ' s eight children attended a dedication ceremony at the Bollinger Shipyards in Louisiana in March 2012 .
HMS Devonshire ( D02 ) HMS " Devonshire " was the first of the County - class destroyer s and the first Batch 1 ship of the Royal Navy . The ship was built by Cammell Laird in Birkenhead near Liverpool . With a displacement of 5 , 440 tonnes ( 6 , 850 tonnes full load ) , " Devonshire " was named after the English county of Devon . She was launched on 10 June 1960 and delivered to the navy two years later . Operational Service . Following the ship ' s commissioning and work up , she sailed for the Mediterranean , followed by a return to her home port of Portsmouth . From here she then sailed for Bermuda and the United States . She returned to Portsmouth just before the end of 1962 . She was involved in patrol duties in the Persian Gulf and the Caribbean , but was not involved in any armed conflict of the United Kingdom . Like the other first batch of County Class ships , " Devonshire " was fitted with the Sea Slug anti aircraft missile defence system . She attended the 1977 Silver Jubilee Fleet Review off Spithead when she was part of the First Flotilla . " Devonshire " was decommissioned under defence cuts in 1978 , though was immediately offered for sale to Egypt , but the sale did not go through . Laid up in Portsmouth harbour for six years , the ship was used as a target , first for testing the new " Sea Eagle " Air - Launched Cruise Missile , then sunk by as a target on 17 July 1984 ( two days after the Sea Eagle test ) in the North Atlantic , whilst testing the Mark 24 - Mod - 2 Tigerfish torpedo . See also . Her name was also used in the James bond film " Tomorrow Never Dies "
Carlton B . Hutchins Carlton Barmore Hutchins ( September 12 , 1904 – February 2 , 1938 ) was a U . S . Naval aviator who lost his life in a mid - air collision in 1938 . Mortally injured , he was able to remain at the controls and allow his surviving crew to parachute to safety . He was posthumous ly received the Medal of Honor . Biography . Hutchins was born in Albany , New York , September 12 , 1904 , and graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1926 . After serving on battleship until 1928 , he underwent flight training at the Naval Aeronautical Station in Pensacola , Florida and was designated a naval aviator in February 1929 . During the early 1930s Hutchins flew fighters from , scout planes from , and studied aeronautical engineering at the California Institute of Technology . In 1937 , he served with a seaplane squadron in the Caribbean and in November was transferred to Patrol Squadron 11 based on based on the tender USS Langley ( AV3 ) . During fleet exercises February 2 , 1938 off the coast of southern California , Lieutenant Hutchins ' seaplane collided in mid - air with another PBY . Lieutenant Hutchins lost his life in the crash and received the Medal of Honor posthumously . Namesake . In 1942 , the destroyer was named in his honor . Medal of Honor citation . His citation for the Medal of Honor reads : Although his plane was badly damaged , Lieutenant Hutchins remained at the controls endeavoring to bring the damaged plane to a safe landing and to afford an opportunity for his crew to escape by parachutes . His cool , calculated conduct contributed principally to the saving of the lives of all who survived . His conduct on this occasion was above and beyond the call of duty .
Villeneuve - Vertus Airfield Villeneuve - Vertus Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield , which is located near the commune of Vertus in the Champagne - Ardenne department of northern France . Located just near the commune , it was a United States Army Air Force temporary airfield established during the Northern France Campaign in September 1944 . Its primary use was for C - 47 Skytrain transport of Army airborne parachute units , and for resupply of ground forces and casualty evacuation . History . Known as Advanced Landing Ground " A - 63 " , the airfield consisted of a single 3600 ' grass runway aligned 07 / 25 . In addition , with tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . Combat units stationed at the airfield were the 441st Troop Carrier Group , which based C - 47 Skytrain transports at the field from 8 September until 2 October 1944 . After the Americans moved east with the advancing Allied Armies , the airfield did not have any active unit assigned , but was manned with a minimal support unit for casualty evacuation and supply transports . It was closed on 23 May 1945 , and the land was returned to its owners . Today there is little or no physical evidence of its existence or its location .
Japanese gunboat Hozu On August 13 , 1937 Hozu and other IJN ships bombard Chinese positiona at Shanghai . On December 13 Hozu and other ships engage Chinese positions at Xiaguan and attack Chinese boats and rafts on the Yangtze River . On December 5 , 1944 Hozu & Gunboat Hira run aground near Anking . They are bombed by Chinese aircraft , Hira is damaged & Hozu sunk . Wreck scrapped 1945
Battle of Suipacha The Battle of Suipacha was fought on 7 November 1810 in Bolivia during the Bolivian War of Independence between the Spanish colonial army and the Republican forces sent by the Primera Junta from Buenos Aires . At the time Bolivia was known as Upper Peru ( " Alto Perú " ) . It was the first decisive defeat of the Royalists by Republican forces . The battle took place southeast of Tupiza , near the small town of Suipacha , on the margin of the Suipacha river in the Sud Chichas province ( Potosí Department in Bolivia ) . Background . An earlier rebellion in Upper Peru during 1809 had been crushed by Royalist forces under the command of Generals Vicente Nieto and José de Córdoba y Rojas , leaving the region firmly under Spanish control . After the 1810 May Revolution , the Republicans sent an expeditionary army , led by Antonio González Balcarce , to Upper Peru with the mission of conducting a reconnaissance of the region . Departing from Buenos Aires , its ranks swelled en route as volunteers joined the march . Among these was a group of gaucho s led by Martín Miguel de Güemes , who would go on to play a key role in the southern revolution . By the time the expedition reached Upper Peru , it was 600 men strong with 10 field pieces . A swift action . After an earlier action at Cotagaita on 27 October in which they were repulsed , Republican forces withdrew and occupied a position on the southern bank of the Suipacha River , around the small town of Nazareno . Having received reinforcements , the Royalists attacked this position with 800 men , but were beaten when the Republicans counter - attacked their left flank . Subsequently the Republicans were able to attack the Royalists camp and force a general withdrawal . The battle had last only 30 minutes . The victory was also followed by a general uprising in Upper Peru , which led to the capture and execution of the Spanish Governor Francisco de Paula Sanz at Potosi . Generals Nieto and Córdoba were also shot by a firing squad . The Republican army then continued to advance north to the Desaguadero River . Aftermath . The victory at Suipacha had a strong effect on morale , which was shown in the celebrations in Potosí on November 10 and in Buenos Aires where the Junta authorized all the combatants to wear an arm band with the inscription " " La patria a los vencedores de Tupiza " " ( " the motherland to the victors of Tupiza " ) . From a political point of view , the battle was decisive , because it did secure for a long time the hegemony of the Revolutionary forces over the major part of the former Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata .