naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Richomeres Flavius Richomeres ( Richomer ) was a Frank who lived in the late 4th century . He took service in the Roman army and made a career as comes , magister militum , and consul . He was married to Ascyla , with whom he had a son Theudemeres , who became king of the Franks . He was uncle of the general Arbogastes . Life . Around the years 377 / 378 , Richomeres was " Comes domesticorum " of Emperor Gratian and was transferred from Gaul to Thracia , where he was involved in the Gothic wars of Emperor Valens . At Adrianople he tried to persuade Valens to wait on Gratian for support . When the Gothic leader Fritigern demanded hostages to secure peace from the Romans he volunteered and departed the Roman camp to bring the other hostages safely to Fritigern , but before he arrived some elements of the two armies got out of control and engaged , starting the famous Battle of Adrianople . Richomeres ended up at a battlefield in complete chaos but he saved himself by withdrawing and survived . However the Roman army of Valens was largely destroyed and many officers fell including emperor Valens . Around 383 he was general in the east ( " magister militum per orientum " ) and became consul in 384 . In 388 Theodosius I sent him together with his nephew Arbogastes and Promotus and Timasius against Magnus Maximus , who was defeated . From the year 388 he served as supreme commander in the Eastern Empire ( " comes et magister utriusque militiae " ) until his death in 393 . Richomeres was interested in literature and was acquainted with rhetoricians as Libanius and Augustinus . He introduced the rhetorician Eugenius to his nephew Arbogastes . A few years later Arbogastes seized power in the West Roman Empire . After the death of Valentinian II Arbogastes promoted Eugenius to be his Emperor , while he himself remained the leader and generalissimo . In 393 Theodosius I organised a campaign against Arbogastes and Richomeres was asked to lead the cavalry against his nephew . On the way from the East to the West he died before the battle took place . Arbogastes lost the battle and committed suicide with his own sword .
Hans Malkomes Hans Malkomes ( 15 November 1913 — 21 March 1945 ) was a Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) in the Waffen - SS he was born in Bremen , Germany on 15 November 1913 . He graduated " SS Junkerschule " at Braunschweig in 1936 with the SS Number 164 526 and the NSDAP number 2 570 587 and was posted to the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler and took command of a platoon in the 14th Company " LSSAH " . In November 1942 he was transferred to command a platoon in the 4th Company , 1st SS Pioneer Battalion " LSSAH " and then finally in 1943 he was transferred to command the 2nd Company , SS Panzer Regiment 1 " LSSAH " . It was while in command of this company that he was awarded the German Cross in Gold ( June 1944 ) and the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( October 1944 ) . Malkomes was killed in action in March 1945 at Veszprém , Hungary . He is buried in the Mattersburg war grave cemetery block 10 row 2 .
HMS Swift ( 1777 ) HMS " Swift " was a 14 gun ship sloop of the " Swan " class , launched on 1 January 1777 . She was commissioned that month under Lieutenant George Keppel and sailed for North America on 27 March . She grounded while in action off Cape Henry on 22 November 1778 and was burnt to avoid capture .
Battle of Svay Rieng The Battle of Svay Rieng was the last major operation of the Vietnam War to be mounted by the South Vietnamese army against the Communist VPA forces . Summary . The operation began with a major thrust against the North Vietnamese 5th Division by the ARVN , the South Vietnamese Regional Force established blocking positions on the southwestern edge of the 5th Division as the South Vietnamese air force conducted strikes against base areas of the 5th Division . The ARVN 40th Infantry Regiment and the 7th Ranger Group , under the command of General Thuan , pushed around Duc Hue towards the Cambodian border . On April 28 , the VPA 275th Regiment and the 25th Sapper Battalion launched a fierce attack on the Long Khot District Town as eleven South Vietnamese Battalions were preparing for a major assault . The VPA offensive did not deter the movement of ARVN forces . On the morning of the next day , ARVN armoured forces smashed across the Cambodian border west of Go Dau Hau directly towards the VPA 5th Division Headquarters . The movement of the South Vietnamese forces was such a threat that the North Vietnamese was forced to defend their logistical installations with units from Long Khot . The 275th Regiment was threatened with isolation when the ARVN advanced into the Elephant ' s Foot . As part of the operation , the South Vietnamese army penetrated 16 km into Cambodian territory with surprised attacks on Communist positions , with some ARVN units conducting sweep operations between Duc Hue and Go Dau Hau . By the time all South Vietnamese operations were seized , VPA communication lines and logistical installations were severely damaged . Due to the nature of secrecy , speed and accuracy of the operation , South Vietnamese casualties were kept to a minimum , while the North Vietnamese suffered heavy losses in terms of manpower and equipment .
Air and Space Campaign Medal The Air and Space Campaign Medal ( ASCM ) is an award of the United States Air Force which was first created on April 24 , 2002 by order of Secretary of the Air Force James G . Roche . The ASCM may be awarded to members of the USAF who , after March 24 , 1999 , supported a significant U . S . military operation designated by the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force as qualifying for the ASCM . Eligibility . To be eligible for the Air and Space Campaign Medal a service member must perform direct support of a military operation for at least thirty consecutive days or for sixty non - consecutive days . " Direct support " is defined as deploying in support of an ASCM approved operation or if performing functions at home station or from outside the geographic area of combat which historically were deployed forward , or entirely new and future missions . , which due to technological advances are no longer constrained by geographic location . This includes , but is not limited to , sortie generation , intelligence , surveillance , targeting , computer network attack operations , etc . Squadron Commanders may determine other functions that meet the intent of this award . Members who provided direct support for 30 consecutive or 60 nonconsecutive days to one of these operations , at home station , or from outside of the geographic area of combat qualify for the ASCM . Air and Space Campaign Medal takes precedence immediately after the Military Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal . The Air and Space Campaign Medal is only authorized to Air Force personnel and is prohibited for issuance if another campaign or service medal has already been received for the operation in question . Additional awards are denoted by service star s . Qualifying Operations . Operations related to the Global War on Terrorism ( to include Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom ) are not eligible for the ASCM .
Chilean submarine Rucumilla Rucumilla was an H class submarine of the Chilean Navy . The vessel was originally ordered by the United Kingdom ' s Royal Navy as HMS " H17 , but was handed over to Chile in 1917 as H3 " . Career . " H17 " was a British H class submarine built by Fore River Yard of Quincy , Massachusetts . She was launched on 26 July 1915 . Because the United States was neutral ( having not yet entered World War I ) , " H17 " along with sister ships , , , , , , , , and were all interned by the United States government . As a result , " H17 " was never commissioned into the Royal Navy . Instead , she and " H13 " , " H16 " , " H18 " , " H19 " , and " H20 " were transferred to the Chilean Navy as partial recompensation for the appropriation of two 28 , 000 - ton dreadnoughts ( and ) . Originally named " H3 " when turned over to Chile in 1917 , she was renamed " Rucumilla " in 1924 . Training accident . On 2 June 1919 " Rucumilla " began a naval exercise near of the Talcahuano Naval Base , under the command of Capitán de Corbeta Arístides Del Solar Morel . As she began to submerge into the water , a valve for the battery ventilator was left open and allowed the boat to flood . She sank at 9 : 45 AM under the strain of the still in rushing water to the seafloor at a depth of . The escort " Contreras " ( 1896 ) , a Viper class destroyer , contacted immediately the authorities and the Chilean Navy reacted by sending three heavy lift cranes and other salvage ships to rescue operation . The batteries were submerged in sea water and chlorine gas was beginning to fill the boat , short circuits caused small fires and the boat was in complete darkness . Captain Del Solar lead the crew to the forward torpedo room , where he believed the rescue would come from and used compressed air , in prudent quantities , to keep the air nearly breathable . A submarine communication buoy was released by " Rucumilla " , but it was not freed because of the inclination of the submarine . Divers of the Navy could freed the buoy and heavier cables were attached to the bow of the boat . At 14 : 00 the largest cranes ( 180 , 60 and 30 t ) were moved into position and slowly the " Rucumilla " and her twenty five survivors began to rise . The cables , while under great strain , held and at 17 : 00 , seven hours after she had gone down , the bow of " Rucumilla " broke the surface . The probe of the accident found that a valve with a rare left hand thread type caused confusion among the crew . The operation was a complete success recovering the twenty five men alive and the boat as well . Naval Mutiny 1931 . During the mutiny , the officers of the " Rucumilla " tried to attack the mutineers ' ships . Near the Quiriquina Island the " Rucumilla " was chased by the Chilean tug Colo Colo ( 1931 ) and eventually was forced to withdraw to Bío Bío River She served with the Chilean Navy until she was stricken in 1945 .
Operation Dagger Operation Dagger took place in the southern Lake Tharthar region , in Anbar Governorate province and was conducted by the Regimental Combat Team - 8 , 2nd Marine Division . The mission , which was to locate hidden weapons caches and enemy sanctuaries , was a failure . The mission followed Operation Spear , a similar operation .
Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus Domitius Calvinus came from a noble family and was elected consul in 53 BC , despite a notorious electoral scandal . He was on Caesar ’ s side during the Civil War with Pompey . At the decisive battle of Pharsalus he commanded the center of Caesar ’ s army . After the battle he became governor of Asia . He tried to oppose the invasion of Pharnaces , the king of Bosphorus , who had taken the occasion of the Roman civil war to invade the province of Pontus ; however he suffered a crushing defeat at the battle of Nicopolis in Armenia ( December of 48 BC ) . Direct intervention by Caesar brought a quick end to the conflict , and Pharnaces ’ army was annihilated at Zela in 47 BC . Despite this failure , he remained a trust ed friend of Caesar . Domitius Calvinus ' s activities after the death of Caesar are unknown , but in 43 BC he was a strong supporter of Octavianus and participated in the civil war against Brutus and Cassius . During the Philippi campaign in 42 BC , he had to bring reinforcements from Italia to Greece for Mark Antony and Octavianus ' army , however his fleet was destroyed by the enemy in the Ionian Sea with the loss of two legions . Despite this defeat he was awarded the honor of a second consulship in 40 BC and was sent by Octavianus as governor to Hispania , where he remained for three years ( 39 BC - 36 BC ) . Apparently , his military activities in Spain had success , since he was saluted as " imperator " by his troops and on his return he was awarded a triumph . He also rebuilt the " Regia " in the Roman Forum . Although we do not have many facts concerning his further political activities , an inscription shows that in 20 BC he was still alive and a member of the important " Arval Brethren " priesthood , reserved only for members of the nascent Imperial family and to the emperor ' s most distinguished supporters . Although Domitius Calvinus ' career does not show any particular ability , either in politics ( he obtained his first consulship only after scandalous bribery ) or in war ( he suffered two major defeats ) , he maintained an important political role . This was most probably because he was one of the very few Roman nobles to support the Caesar / Octavianus party from the very beginning .
Denis Vetchinov Denis Vasiliyevich Vetchinov ( ; ( 28 June 1976 in Stepnogorsk – 9 August 2008 in South Ossetia ) was a Russian Ground Forces major killed in action during the 2008 South Ossetia war and posthumuously awarded with Russia ' s highest military award , Hero of the Russian Federation , for his role in the conflict . In film " August Eighth " Vetchinov became a prototype of captain Ilya played by Khasan Baroyev . Biography . Born 23 June 1976 in Stepnogorsk ( now Kazakhstan ) , he graduated from the Omsk Officers ' Academy in 1999 . He participated in the Second Chechen War . Death . On 9 August 2008 , the second day of Russian involvement in the Battle of Tskhinvali , a column of Russian vehicles with a few journalists and 58th army commander Anatoly Khrulyov onboard was ambush ed by Georgian special forces in the outskirts of Tskhinvali . Khrulyov was wounded in the ensuing firefight . Vetchinov , armed with a trophy Georgian machine gun , organised defence but was wounded in both legs . He continued firing at the enemy and killed a Georgian soldier . Vetchinov kept covering fire until he was hit in the head by Georgian fire . He died on the way to hospital . On 15 August Denis Vetchinov was posthumuously awarded the Hero of the Russian Federation golden star " for courage and heroism while fulfilling his duty in the North Caucasus region " . He is survived by his wife and little daughter .
Battle of Llantada The Battle of Llantada or Llantadilla was a border skirmish fought on 19 July 1068 on the banks of the Pisuerga near the frontier between León and Castile . There Sancho II of Castile defeated his brother Alfonso VI of León . Though Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar is usually associated with this battle , the evidence of his presence there is rather late and his influence in Castile at that early stage of his career too slight to make plausible the tradition that he was Sancho ' s " alférez " . Llantadilla ( " Plantata " in the " Historia Roderici " , xvii ) was a small village located some ten kilometres southwest of Melgar de Fernamental , and about two kilometers west of the river Pisuerga on the Leonese side of the frontier . The closeness of the location of battle to the border suggests that no major invasion took place . The skirmish may have resulted from the increasing ambitions of Sancho , the eldest son of Ferdinand I , whose inheritance was smaller than his brother ' s . Sancho may have been encouraged by his brother ' s ambitious invasion of the Taifa of Badajoz , whose king , al - Muzzaffar , was fatally ill , sometime between 1 May and 7 June 1068 . Alfonso succeeded in extorting a tribute from the ailing king , despite that the " parias " of Badajoz had been relegated to his and Sancho ' s younger brother , García II , in the division of the realm after Ferdinand ' s death ( 1065 ) . Bernard Reilly writes that " such an initiative on Alfonso ' s part would have been the first , unmistakable sign of his intention to depart from the settlement arranged by his father . " Pelayo of Oviedo is the earliest source for the battle , and he probably relied on stories then current or from his childhood . He attributes the victory to Sancho and says that Alfonso returned to León . Subsequent historians treated the battle as a sort of judicial duel deciding which brother would accede to the other ' s kingdom . Already in Pelayo ' s chronicle the influence of this interpretation , abetted by hindsight , are evident . The late - twelfth - century " Chronica Naierensis " provides a year for the battle ( 1068 ) , but otherwise relies on Pelayo . The slightly earlier " Annales Complutenses " place it on 19 July , though there is a discrepancy in the record , since 19 July was not a Wednesday but a Saturday . The presence of Alfonso at the battle is made slightly improbable by the existence of a charter issued to the monastery of Sahagún on 7 July , presumably at or near Sahagún , since it was in the presence of the abbot and prior . On 20 July , the day after the battle if the " Annales Complutenses " can be trusted , Alfonso ' s " alférez " , Martín Alfónsez , confirmed a private donation to Sahagún . Likewise , the long - term effect of the battle was muted . Alfonso resumed his attack on Badajoz , now ruled by the old king ' s two rival sons , between 22 November 1068 , when the king was again at Sahagún , and March 1069 .
Charles Q . Brown Jr . Charles Q . Brown Jr . ( born 1962 ) is , as of 2011 , Deputy Director of Operations for the United States Central Command headquartered at MacDill Air Force Base in Florida . Brown ' s active duty career began on 1985 February 28 when he was commissioned as a second lieutenant . He was a distinguished graduate of the Air Force Reserve Officers Training Corps with a bachelor of science degree in civil engineering at Texas Tech University in Lubbock , Texas . In 1994 he earned a Master ' s Degree in aeronautical science from Embry - Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach , Florida . At the time of his promotion to flag rank he was commander of the 31st Fighter Wing at Aviano Air Base in Italy . In 1989 Brown married Sharene T . Guilford Brown . They have two sons — Sean and Ross . In 2011 the Texas Tech Alumni Association declared Charles Q . Brown Jr . a Distinguished Graduate of Texas Tech University .
Hans Wagner ( general ) Hans Wagner ( 11 March 1896 – 13 May 1967 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 269 . Infanterie - Division . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Forest Brothers ( Georgia ) The Forest Brothers ( , " tq ' is dz ' mebi " ) was a guerrilla group consisting mostly of ethnic Georgians who remained in the breakaway republic of Abkhazia after the Georgia n regular army ' s defeat in the War in Abkhazia ( 1992 – 1993 ) and resisted the ethnic cleansing of Georgians in the disputed territory . The group , along with another guerrilla group called the White Legion , continued low - intensity guerrilla war against Abkhaz forces along the ceasefire line in the late 1990s and early 2000s . According to the Georgian Interior Ministry , under the cover of its guerilla warfare , the Forest Brothers engaged in kidnappings , smuggling and other crimes . The Forest Brothers were led by Dato Shengelia . Shengelia disbanded the group after Mikheil Saakashvili was elected President of Georgia in January 2004 . On 4 February 2004 , the police arrested a large number of Forest Brothers in Zugdidi . On 11 February , Shengelia declared that he had reached an agreement with Interior Minister Giorgi Baramidze to lay down his arms . In December 2006 , Shengalia was arrested for the possession of heroin and methadone , and subsequently convicted to 24 years of imprisonment . However , he was released in 2010 on account of bad health . On 22 February 2011 , the Abkhazian delegation at the 25th meeting on incident prevention in Chuburkhindji questioned Shengelia ' s release and demanded his extradition from the Georgian side for various serious crimes .
Fauconneau A Fauconneau was small type of cannon used during the Middle Ages and the early Renaissance . Typically , a " fauconneau " would weigh about 25 kg and have a length of about 1 meter . It was a semi - portable weapon . The fauconneau was mainly an anti - personnel weapon to be used on fixed fortifications .
Yakovlev VVP - 6 The Yakovlev VVP - 6 was an experimental design for a flying support and Surface - to - air missile platform capable of vertical takeoff and landing . It never progressed beyond the model stage . Development . Perhaps the most radical design ever to emerge from the Yakovlev OKB studio , the VVP - 6 appears more science fiction than a craft likely to have seen production . The VVP - 6 was designed as a giant VTOL support platform which would work in coordination with VTOL jets , such as Yakovlev ' s Yak - 38 . Among the many functions envisioned for this line of vehicles was the transportation of food , fuel and munitions . The huge , box - like design was to have been 49m long . In one version it was capable of carrying a complete SAM missile system , including 6 SA - 2 ( ASCC name " Guideline " ) missiles with launchers mounted on the craft ' s upper surface . Reloads and supporting radars were to be stored internally . The VVP - 6 was to have been fitted with six six - blade rotors mounted on six pylons extending from the craft ' s sides . Each rotor was to have been driven by four turboshaft engines , giving the VVP - 6 a total of 24 engines . The requirement for such a craft ended when the Soviet Air Force failed to put land - based VTOL jets into service .
Somali Patriotic Movement The Somali Patriotic Movement is a political party and paramilitary organization in Somalia , and a key faction in the Somali Civil War . Commanded by Aden Abdullahi Nur Gabyow , ( a defense minister under former dictator Mohamed Siad Barre , ) it was based in the southwestern area of the country , and had considerable influence in the leaderless country . Members of the group supported the idea of Jubaland ' s secession from Somalia . Begun by a group of affected Ogadeni privates , with an area of operations centered on Kismayo and the Kenyan border ( Lower Juba ) . They were early allies of the UNC in operations against Siad Barre . A key accomplishment was the seizure of Bale - Dogle air base in the days prior to Barre ' s flight from Mogadishu . However , after Barre ' s flight , when Ali Mahdi ' s Maifesto Group announced the formation of an " interim government " without consulting SPM leadership , a crisis ensued . After fighting broke out between the Manifesto Group supporters and the SPM , the SPM suddenly reversed direction and allied itself with Barre , who was seeking to reestablish his regime . This reversal was angrily resisted by many of the original Ogadeni , who split off into their own faction . The SPM thus sundered into two tribal - oriented factions : On August 12 , 1992 , the SPM Ogadeni faction joined General Aidid to form the Somali National Alliance . The SPM fractured along tribal lines , and massacres and ethnic cleansing began between the two rival factions , as well as their external enemies . In 1998 , the SPM ( Harti ) under General " Morgan " , based out of Kismayo , founded the autonomous state of Jubaland . They were strenuously opposed by the Allied Somali Forces , which later became the Juba Valley Alliance . The SPM and ASF / JVA contended over the control of south Somalia until the JVA proved victorious , driving General " Morgan " into exile .