naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Gamleborg Gamleborg , also known as Gamleborg Viking Fortress , was the first fortress on the Danish island of Bornholm . Built around 750 AD , it was the seat of the kings of Bornholm during the Viking age ( 750 – 1050 ) and early Middle Ages ( 1050 – 1150 ) . The massive fortress is long from north to south and wide from east to west , with gates to the north and southwest . Around 1100 , significant alterations were made and it was reinforced , but it was abandoned soon afterwards in favour of Lilleborg Castle , roughly to the northeast . History . The fortress is Bornholm ' s oldest defence works . Its builder is unknown , but an account of the Baltic Sea travels of Wulfstan of Hedeby in 890 tells us that Bornholm already had its own king at the time . There is , however , firm evidence that the fortress was in use during the reigns of Harald Bluetooth ( 940 – 986 ) and Canute IV ( 1080 – 1086 ) . The Gamleborg fort was used as refuge during the tenth century against Viking raids . Gamleborg was abandoned in 1150 , the occupants moving to Lilleborg , only to the northwest . It is not known why the move was made but it does not appear to have been the result of hostilities . Excavations in the 1950s showed the fortifications originated in the Viking period although there is evidence the site was used as a hideout in the Iron Age . The ruins that can be seen today are mainly the result of reconstruction work completed in about 1100 . Architecture . The fortress is in size . Part of the wall , built of rocks and boulders set in clay , is still in good condition , and the outline of the fort is still remarkably clear given its age . The fortress at one time had a moat and outer wall , and the walls on the north and south side were higher , around in height . Grounds . The fort is located on a hill almost in the centre of the island , part of the Almindingen forest . It is several hundred yards off the main road from Rønne to Svaneke . The site is naturally protected by cliffs , especially on the south side , which are up to in height . A water pool , located on the northwestern side was the main water supply to the fortress . The ruins are situated in mounds . The defences first consisted of huge ramparts built of large boulders , consolidated with earth and clay . There were initially gates to the north and south with additional protection from moats and outer ramparts . There were several buildings for the occupants and their stores . Two stone lined embankments can still be seen aside the west entrance . Outside the old western rampart , the site was fortified with a solid stone wall , long , wide and up to high . The north gate was significantly widened and there was probably a watchtower on the northwest corner of the rampart . The old south gate was walled up and replaced by a larger entrance on the southwest corner .
Battle of Szőlős The Battle of Szőlős or Battle of Seleš ( ) was fought on May 1 , 1527 between the ethnic Serbian Rebels and Hungarian nobility . The commander of the Serb forces was Emperor Jovan Nenad , while the Hungarians were led by Péter Perényi of Transylvania . The Hungarian army suffered a total defeat while Perényi barely escaped alive . Background to battle . In late 1526 . Bálint Török attacked Subotica , the capital of the newly formed province in the wake of the Battle of Mohacs , with 67 elite cavalry knights . The Serbs fortified the city and halted the attack . When László Csáky arrived with another 300 Hungarian cavalrymen , the Serbs retaliated with full force . Csáky was defeated and executed . These events alarmed the Hungarian nobility , and János Szapolyai appointed Péter Perényi as leader of an army set to destroy the new state at its heart . Meanwhile Jovan Nenad , aware of the Hungarians ' intentions , mustered a substantial force and marched to meet his enemy . The battle . Perényi ' s army numbered some 2 , 000 infantry and 10 , 000 cavalry ( Transylvanian Hungarians and Saxons ) together with few a thousand conscripts and nobility from the Tisza area . Jovan ' s army numbered 15 , 000 infantry and cavalry . Jovan attacked first , concentrating his force on the Hungarian infantry , and then managed to rout the Transylvanian cavalry . Around 3 , 000 Hungarians and Saxons fell in battle , while Jovan ' s army suffered minimal casualties .
Victor - Marie d ' Estrées Victor Marie d ' Estrées , Duke of Estrées count then duke ( 1723 ) d ' Estrées ( November 30 , 1660 , Paris – December 27 , 1737 , Paris ) was a Marshal of France . Biography . Son of Marshal Jean II d ' Estrées ( 1624 - 1707 ) , Victor Marie began his military career in the infantry in 1676 , but joined the Navy one year later . In the Franco - Dutch War ( 1672 - 1678 ) , he commanded a ship in the Battle of Tabago ( March 3 , 1677 ) and fought afterwards in the Mediterranean . At the beginning of the War of the Grand Alliance , he volunteered in the army and was wounded in the siege of Philippsburg in 1688 . In 1690 , he commanded 20 ships in the Battle of Beachy Head . Then , on command of Louis XIV , he took charge of the Mediterranean fleet and supported the duc de Vendôme in the conquest of Barcelona in 1697 . In 1698 , he married Lucie Félicité de Noailles ( °1683 ) , daughter of Marshal Anne - Jules , 2nd duc de Noailles . They had no children . At the beginning of the War of Spanish Succession , he was ordered to sail Philip V of Spain to Naples to claime the throne of the Two Sicilies . The success of this mission earned him the title of Grandee of Spain . He received the title of Marshal of France in 1703 , and commander in the Order of the Holy Spirit in 1705 . In 1704 , Victor Marie d ' Estrées was appointed mentor to the Comte de Toulouse , illegitimate son of Louis XIV and admiral of France . Together they fought the tactically indecisive Battle of Vélez - Málaga ( August 24 , 1704 ) . During the Regency of Philippe II , Duke of Orléans , he was member of the council and minister , but he had no political skills . After the death of his father he inherited the title of Viceroy of the American Islands and received the island of Saint Lucia as his private property . He gathered an enormous fortune . He spent his fortune buying art and books , accumulating it in his Paris house and castles , never unpacking a large proportion of the collection . He was elected member of the Académie française in 1715 . He became duc d ' Estrées and pair de France in 1723 , after the death of his uncle . He died in 1737 . The cruiser " Destrées " was named in his honour .
Charles Pawsey Sir Charles Ridley Pawsey , CSI , CIE , MC ( 1894 – 1972 ) was a British colonial administrator . Pawsey was commissioned into the Worcestershire Regiment in 1914 and won the Military Cross as a Lieutenant in 1916 . He was promoted Captain in 1917 and resigned his Territorial Army commission in 1922 . Sir Charles was appointed Assistant Commissioner in Assam in 1919 , becoming Director of Land Records in 1932 . He was made a Deputy Commissioner in 1935 and was District Commissioner ( D . C . ) , Naga Hills during the Burma campaigns of 1942 to 1944 . Prior to his return to England following India ' s independence , he wrote in the " Naga Nation " , underlining that autonomy within the Indian Union was the more prudent course to follow . For , " Independence will mean : tribal warfare , no hospitals , no schools , no salt , no trade with the plains and general unhappiness " . Deputy Commissioner Charles Pawsey ' s bungalow and tennis court were the place where the British Fourteenth Army finally turned the tide of the war against the Japanese during the Burma Campaign of World War II at the Battle of the Tennis Court .
Francis de Bourbon , Count of St . Pol Francis I de Bourbon , Count of St . Pol , Duke of Estouteville ( 6 October 1491 – 1 September 1545 ) , was a French prince and important military commander during the Italian Wars . Francis was the second son of Francis , Count of Vendôme and Marie de Luxembourg , Countess of Saint - Pol . As such he was a " prince du sang " in France . His appanage , the countship of St . Pol , came from his mother ' s Luxembourg inheritance . His marriage on the 9 February 1534 with the heiress Adrienne , Dame d ’ Estouteville , brought him several baronies which comprised the lands of the Norman House of Estouteville ; Vallemont , Varengeville , Berneval and Cleuville . These were erected for Francis into the dukedom of Estouteville by royal letters patent registered 12 September 1534 in the " Parlement " of Rouen , the couple ' s marriage contract being registered by the " Parlement " of Paris on 16 April 1540 . In 1537 he exchanged the countship of St . Pol for that of Montfort - l ' Amaury with King Francis I , but in 1544 it was returned to him to enjoy as before the war . He was knighted by Pierre Terrail , seigneur de Bayard after the Battle of Marignano in 1515 . He participated in the defence of Mézières in 1521 , fought under Bonnivet and Bayard at the lost Battle of the Sesia ( 1524 ) and was made prisoner at the Battle of Pavia in 1525 . In 1527 he became governor of the Dauphiné , and was as such responsible for the French operations against Savoy and Piedmont . His army was destroyed and he was taken prisoner in the Battle of Landriano , until the Treaty of Cambrai in 1529 . He was present at the meeting between Francis I of France and Pope Clement VII in Marseille in 1533 . In 1542 , he joined the Dauphin at Picardy and Luxembourg . In 1543 , he was part of the French command against the English and Spanish in Picardy . In the Italian War of 1542 – 1546 , he was charged with the conquest of Savoy . He advised against the Battle of Ceresole ( 1544 ) , but was overruled by Blaise de Lasseran - Massencôme , seigneur de Montluc , who won the battle . marriage and children . He married , on 9 February 1534 , Adrienne , duchesse d ' Estouteville 1512 - 1560 :
William Ewart Boulter William Ewart Boulter VC ( 14 October 1892 – 1 June 1955 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Boulter was 23 years old , and a sergeant in the 6th Battalion , The Northamptonshire Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 14 July 1916 at Trones Wood , France , when one company and part of another was held up in the attack on a wood by a hostile machine - gun which was causing heavy casualties , Sergeant Boulter , with utter contempt of danger , and in spite of being wounded in the shoulder , advanced alone over open ground under heavy fire , in front of the gun and bombed the gun team from their position . This act not only saved many casualties , but materially helped the operation of clearing the enemy out of the wood . He later achieved the rank of lieutenant . He was cremated at Putney Vale Crematorium . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Abington Park , Northampton , England .
Sergei Avakyants Sergei Iosifovich Avakyants is a Russian admiral and a recipient of Order of Naval Merit and Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR . Biography . Avakyants was born on April 6 , 1957 in Yerevan , Armenia and was a son of an officer . He graduated from Nakhimov Naval School in 1980 and later on took classes in how to be a Supreme Special Officer in 1991 , and seven years later graduated from Kuznetsov Naval Academy . He was a commander of a ship named " Admiral Yumashev " at the Northern Fleet and also served on various missile cruiser s including " Admiral of the Fleet Lobov " and " Marshal Ustinov " . From 1991 to 1996 he was a commanding officer of the same cruiser . By October 1996 he was already a deputy commander and in 2001 was commanding a missile ship . From 2004 to 2007 he became chief of staff of the Northern Fleet ’ s Operational Squadron and in June of the later year kept the same position at the Novorossiysk Naval Base of the later Black Sea Fleet . In August of the same year he became a deputy commander of both Primorye Flotilla and the Pacific Fleet . As of May , 2012 under Decree of the Russian President Avakyants was appointed as commander at the same place .
Fort Larned National Historic Site Fort Larned National Historic Site , located six miles west of Larned , Kansas , United States , preserves Fort Larned , which operated from 1859 to 1878 . Fort Larned was established to protect traffic along the Santa Fe Trail from hostile American Indians , and as an agency for the administration of the Central Plains Indians by the Bureau of Indian Affairs under the terms of the Fort Wise Treaty of 1861 . The fort ' s service ended as a combination of the tribes ' relocation to reservations and the completion of railroads across Kansas that ended the need for the Santa Fe Trail . Fort Larned was the site of a meeting between General Winfield Scott Hancock and several Cheyenne chiefs on April 12 , 1867 , in which Hancock intended to impress the Dog Soldier chiefs with his military power . Following that meeting , Hancock , along with George Armstrong Custer and the 7th U . S . Cavalry traveled west of Fort Larned to a combined Cheyenne and Lakota camp , inciting the villagers to flee . Hancock ordered the village burned , beginning a summer of warfare known as Hancock ' s War . Fort Larned assisted in bringing Hancock ' s War to an end by supplying the Medicine Lodge Treaty . With nine historic buildings , the fort survives as one of the best - preserved examples of Indian Wars - period forts . Most of the buildings , including the barracks , commissary , and officers quarters , are furnished to their original appearance . Fort Larned National Historic Site is open daily , year - round . Admission is free . The park offers several special events throughout the year , living history demonstrations , and ranger - guided tours . Units stationed at Fort Larned . The following units were stationed at Fort Larned during its nineteen years of operation : 1st U . S . Cavalry - 1859 2nd U . S . Infantry - 1859 - 1863 2nd U . S . Dragoons - 1860 - 1861 2nd Kansas Volunteer Cavalry - 1862 9th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry - 1862 - 1864 2nd Colorado Volunteer Cavalry - 1862 - 1865 9th Battery , Wisconsin Light Artillery - 1862 - 1865 1st Colorado Volunteer Cavalry - 1862 - 1864 12th Kansas Volunteer Infantry - 1863 McLain ’ s Independent Colorado Volunteer Battery - 1864 15th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry - 1864 - 1865 3rd Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry - 1864 11th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry - 1864 - 1865 2nd U . S . Volunteer Infantry - 1865 48th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry - 1865 17th Illinois Volunteer Cavalry - 1865 2nd U . S . Cavalry - 1865 - 1866 13th U . S . Infantry - 1865 3rd U . S . Infantry - 1866 - 1872 37th U . S . Infantry - 1867 10th U . S . Cavalry - 1867 - 1869 6th U . S . Infantry - 1871 - 1872 5th U . S . Infantry - 1872 - 1874 19th U . S . Infantry - 1874 - 1878
KSShch The KSShch ( ; tr . : " Korabelny snaryad Shchuka ( KSShch ) " ; , " Shchuka " - pike in English ) was a Soviet anti - ship cruise missile design that carried a nuclear warhead . Its GRAU designation is 4K32 . It was sometimes referred to as P - 1 or Strela ( Arrow ) . It was used in the 1950s and 1960s . The missile ' s NATO reporting name was SS - N - 1 or Scrubber ( a derogatory term about young ladies in UK usage ) . It was tested in 1957 - 1958 on the destroyer " Bedovyy " ( " Kildin " - class ) and entered service in 1958 , being deployed on " Kildin " - class and " Kanin " - class ships . It was fired from a heavy rail launcher SM - 59 , with an armoured hangar . As those ships were retrofitted and modernized between 1966 and 1977 , the missiles were removed ( in favor of the SS - N - 2 on the Kildin class and an anti - aircraft / anti - submarine weapons suite on the Kanin class ) .
Sayenqueraghta Sayenqueraghta ( 1786 ) was the war chief of the eastern Seneca tribe in the mid - 18th century . His name in the Seneca language is phonetically rendered as Kaieñãkwaahtoñ , and was spelled in a variety of ways , including Gayahgwaahdoh and Kayenquaraghton . In historical records he is most often known as Sayenqueraghta ( or Sayengaraghta ) , which was his name in the Mohawk language , or by nicknames such as Old Smoke or the Seneca King . He was called Old Smoke because he held the official position as the " smoke - bearer " . He was born the son of a prominent Seneca chief of the Turtle clan in western New York . He lived most of his life at Ganundasaga , near the present day town of Geneva , New York . He obtained his rank of war chief in 1751 . Before the American Revolution he was referred to as chief of the Senecas . He served on the British side during the French and Indian War and was present at the Battle of Fort Niagara . During Pontiac ' s Rebellion he was the Seneca war - chief who defeated the British at the Battle of Devil ' s Hole . A portion of the Seneca fought the British during Pontiac ' s Rebellion of 1763 . In 1764 the Seneca came to Fort Niagara where they made peace and Sayenqueraghta " buried the Axe " . In 1765 , he along with Handsome Lake and about one hundred other Seneca warriors went on an expedition against the Cherokee and Choctaw . This expedition was remembered nearly a century later for the loot of scalps and other trophies obtained . American Revolution . Early in the American Revolution , Sayenqueraghta tried to keep the Iroquois neutral . He attempted in June , 1777 to retrieve Seneca warriors who had joined Butler at Fort Niagara . In July , 1777 , the Iroquois decided to enter the war on the British side and he was named , along with Cornplanter , to be the war chiefs of the Iroquois confederacy . He was one of the organizers of the ambush at the Battle of Oriskany , where his son was killed . He was the primary Indian leader at the Battle of Wyoming . His village of Ganundasaga was destroyed during the Sullivan Campaign and was not rebuilt . Sometime before 1781 he and his family relocated to Buffalo Creek , near Fort Niagara . In 1779 , he started receiving a pension from the British of one hundred dollars per year . He resented the favourable treatment the British gave to Joseph Brant . Sayenqueraghta was at the Battle of Johnstown and other battles . In 1781 , he led a war party towards Fort Pitt . He was described by General Frederick Haldimand as " by many degrees the most leading and the man of most consequence and influence in the Six Nations " . In 1783 , a British Officer said " He is a sensible old man and has been a very good warrior in his day , but like the rest is very much addicted to liquor " . He died in 1786 in Smoke Creek , Lackawanna , New York .
Henry Brewerton Henry Brewerton ( September 25 , 1801 – April 17 , 1879 ) was a career engineering officer in the United States Army , serving as the Superintendent of the United States Military Academy and then as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Early life and career . Henry Brewerton was born in New York City , New York . He lost his parents at a very early age , but , under the guardianship of Daniel D . Tompkins , entered the United States Military Academy at West Point , New York . He graduated on July 1 , 1819 5th in a class of 29 cadets and was commissioned a 2nd lieutenant the same day . He was not yet 18 years old at the time of his commencement . After a brief tour at Rouses Point helping to survey and establish the 45th parallel along the border between the United States and Canada , Brewerton taught engineering at the academy . He was promoted to 1st lieutenant on January 1 , 1825 and to captain on September 21 , 1836 . He later worked as an engineer on seacoast defenses and on the construction of the National Road in Ohio . He returned to West Point as superintendent of the military academy in 1845 . Replaced in 1852 by Robert E . Lee , Brewerton was promoted to major of engineers on August 23 , 1856 after almost 19 years in the rank of captain . Civil War service . At the outset of the conflict in April 1861 , Brewerton was on an extended tour of Western Europe , Greece , Palestine , and Egypt , escorted by Zealous B . Tower . Promoted to lieutenant colonel , on August 6 , 1861 , Brewerton was thereafter superintending engineer of the fortifications and improvements of Baltimore Harbor , Fort Monroe , and Hampton Roads . He was promoted to colonel on April 22 , 1864 and was Breveted as a brigadier general of engineers at the war ' s close . Brewerton retired on March 7 , 1867 after more than 47 years active service , not including his almost 6 years as a cadet at West Point . He spent his last years in Delaware . Brewerton is buried at the Island Cemetery in Newport , Rhode Island . His son George Douglas Brewerton was a noted painter , poet , and journalist .
Ateas Ateas ( ca . 429 BC – 339 BC ) was described in Greek and Roman sources as the most powerful king of Scythia , who lost his life and empire in the conflict with Philip II of Macedon in 339 BC . His name also occurs as " Atheas " , " Ateia " , " Ataias " , and " Ateus " . Unification of Scythia . It is not certain if Ateas was connected to the royal dynasty of Scythia ; most historians view him as an usurper who ousted other Scythian kings from power and eliminated the traditional tripartite division of the Scythian society about 400 BC . By the 340s , he had united under his power Scythian tribes inhabiting a vast territory between the Danube and the Maeotian marshes . His purported capital was excavated by Soviet archaeologists near the town of Kamianka on the Dnieper . Plutarch relates several anecdotes about the character of Ateas and his attitude toward Greek culture : " Ateas took prisoner Ismenias , an excellent piper , and commanded him to play ; and when others admired him , he swore it was more pleasant to hear a horse neigh . . . Ateas wrote to Philippus : You reign over the Macedonians , men that have learned fighting ; and I over the Scythians , which can fight with hunger and thirst " . Conflict with Macedon . Towards the end of his life , Ateas increasingly encroached upon the Greek - Macedonian sphere of influence in the Balkans . Greek sources record his campaign against the tribe of the Histriani in Thrace . At first Ateas found it prudent to enlist the assistance of Macedon . When Philip ' s troops arrived to Scythia , they were dismissed with derision : the king of the Histriani had died and military action was no longer on the agenda . Another collision between Philip and Ateas arose during the former ' s siege of Byzantium , when the Scythians refused to provide Macedonian troops with supplies , citing the barrenness of their land as a pretext . These petty conflicts with Ateas gave Philip a ground for invading his dominions . The final straw was the Scythians ' reluctance to allow Philip to dedicate a statue of Heracles at the Danube estuary . In 339 BC , the two armies clashed on the plains of modern - day Dobruja . The ninety - year - old Ateas was killed in action and his army was routed . Philip seems to have been wounded as well and his horse was killed in the thick of the fray . Peace was bought at the price of concession of 20 , 000 Scythian women and as many steppe mares to the Macedonians . In the wake of this defeat , the empire of Ateas fell to pieces . The Scythians are presumed to have lost their dominant position in the Pontic steppe for two centuries , until the reign of Scilurus in the 2nd century BC .
William Meggitt Lieutenant William Geoffrey Meggitt ( 1894 – 28 January 1927 ) was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Post World War I . Meggitt was assigned to 41 Squadron . He was flying an Armstrong Whitworth Siskin when killed in an accident at Norbury on 28 January 1927 .
Swedish Air Force Historic Flight Swedish Air Force Historic Flight ( SwAFHF in short ) is an association that flies older aircraft of the Swedish Air Force and maintain them in an airworthy condition . SwAFHF has been active since 1998 and is housed in premises of the F 7 Såtenäs air force wing . SwAFHF is authorized by the Swedish Civil Aviation Administration and the aircraft has been transferred to civilian Swedish aircraft registration .