naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Roy Allen Roy Allen ( 1918 – 1991 ) was an American , born in the north Philadelphia neighborhood of Olney . He was a bomber pilot during World War II shot down over France and sent to Buchenwald concentration camp . France and captivity . On June 14 , 1944 , pilot Roy Allen and the crew of his B - 17 Flying Fortress embarked on a mission over Nazi - occupied France . Hit by flak , Roy was forced to parachute into France . Trapped behind enemy lines , he was rescued by Colette Florin , a 21 - year - old schoolteacher and member of the French Resistance . He stayed with Colette for a few weeks until he was able to be moved into Paris . Once he arrived in Paris a man told him that he was taking him to another agent who would then sneak him into Spain and then on to England . The agent that was taking him to his supposed " British Agent " , who went by Captain Jacques , betrayed him , turning him over to the Gestapo . He was then taken to Avenue Foch which at the time was the Gestapo headquarters for all of France . At Avenue Foch he was tortured , labelled a terrorist and denied his rights as a Prisoner of War under the terms of the Geneva Convention . He and other airmen were then taken to Fresnes Prison located in the town of Fresnes , Val - de - Marne , 7 miles south of Paris . As the front neared them , the Germans decided to ship Roy Allen and all of the other 168 Allied airmen to Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany . They left Fresnes , traveling by train in cattle cars . The cars were designed to hold up to 40 men . The Germans loaded them with 80 , forcing their passengers to stand for the long duration of the trip . Buchenwald concentration camp . In Buchenwald , Allen suffered from extensive physical and psychological abuse . By the time he left he weighed a mere , almost lighter than when he left for his mission back on June 14 . While there , he suffered from dysentery , pneumonia and various other illnesses presented by the poor environment . The harsh treatment endured by Roy Allen and the other airmen at Buchenwald was a blatant violation of the Third Geneva Convention , which specifically prohibits the physical and mental abuse of captured service personnel , and states that they must be treated humanely . This explains the reason for the SS guards issuing the airmen with inmate uniforms with no serial numbers . Later , an officer from the Luftwaffe inspecting allied bomb damage came across the allied airmen prisoners . One of the prisoners who spoke fluent German , highlighted their case to the officer . Sympathetic to their plight ( and also aware that Luftwaffe POWs in allied hands could suffer reprisals if he did not intervene ) the German officer organized their transfer from Buchenwald to a legitimate prisoner of war camp i . e . Stalag Luft III in Poland .
Marine Air Control Squadron 23 Marine Air Control Squadron 23 ( MACS - 23 ) is a reserve United States Marine Corps aviation command and control squadron . The squadron provides aerial surveillance and air traffic control for the Marine Forces Reserve . They are based Buckley Air Force Base , Aurora , Colorado and fall under Marine Air Control Group 48 and the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing . Mission . Detect , identify and control the intercept of hostile aircraft and missiles , and provide navigational assistance to friendly aircraft . History . 1949 to 1989 . The squadron was activated on 16 October 1949 as Marine Ground Control Intercept Squadron 23 ( MGCIS - 23 ) . They were part of the Marine Air Reserve Training Command and were based out of Naval Air Station Denver , Colorado . They were re - designated Marine Air Control Squadron 23 on 1 March 1954 . In January 1961 they were again re - designated Marine Air Control Squadron , Sub Unit # 1 . In 1966 , they were reassigned to Marine Aircraft Group 42 and a year later to Marine Air Control Group 48 . 1990 to present . The squadron participated in support of Operation Desert Storm in Southwest Asia from October , 1990 through April 1991 . On 30 June 1992 they were re - designated Marine Air Control Squadron 24 , Detachment A . Two years later they again changed names this time becoming Marine Air Control Squadron 24 , Tactical Air Operations Center Detachment . On 8 March 1997 the squadron took its current name . The squadron also deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom from July 2008 until January 2009 to Al Asad , where they successfully performed the unit ' s primary mission . The detachment , of less than 100 Marines , received high praise from senior officers at the group level . It was the first and only time the unit had brought its colors into a combat zone as MACS - 23 .
Le Van Hung Lê Văn Hưng ( 27 March 1933 – 30 April 1975 ) was born in Hóc Môn , in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam , and graduated from Thủ Đức Military Academy , 5th class , in 1955 . He held many commands from company to battalion level . However , Hưng was perhaps best known as the " Hero of An Lộc " in 1972 when he commanded the 5th Division in defense of the city of An Lộc from the coordinated attacks of the North Vietnamese People ' s Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) forces in the Battle of An Lộc . Living in a tiny underground bunker for almost three months , Hưng commanded soldiers of the 5th Division , the " famed " 81st Airborne Ranger , the 11th Airborne Brigade , the 21st Division and the Provincial Force of Bình Long Province . His forces repelled countless waves of attack by the North Vietnamese infantry , supported by Soviet - made T - 54 tanks . Hưng vowed , " If I ’ m still alive , An Lộc still stands . " His strong determination to hold An Lộc at any cost , and the fighting spirit of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam ( ARVN ) soldiers , kept An Lộc from falling into communist hands . Hưng was promoted to General in the field ; and later commanded the 21st Division before becoming Deputy Commander of the 4th Military Region ( MR4 ) . When the communists made their " Hồ Chí Minh Campaign " final assault on South Vietnam in April 1975 , after listening to the capitulation order of President Dương Văn Minh , General Hưng gathered his headquarters staff and family to say goodbye . He was unable to fight to the death because the town people of Cần Thơ had begged him not to resist , believing that it would cause futile bloodshed . Hưng was one of five ARVN generals who committed suicide that day . Personal life . Le Van Hung was married to Pham Thi Kim Hoang .
Haemieupseong Haemi Castle or Haemieup - seong is a castle located in Haemi - eup near Seosan , South Chungcheong Province in South Korea . Haemi Castle was built between the 17th year of the reign of King Taejong ( 1417 ) and the 3rd year of Sejong the Great ' s reign in 1421 during the Joseon period . It was listed as South Korea ' s Historical Site No . 116 in January 1963 and renovated in 1973 . The castle was the background of the Donghak Rebellion in 1864 .
INS Sahyadri ( F49 ) INS " Sahyadri " ( F49 ) is a Shivalik class stealth multi - role frigate built for the Indian Navy . She was built at the Mazagon Dock Limited ( MDL ) located in Mumbai . Construction of the vessel began in 2003 and was completed by 2011 . She underwent sea trials from thereon before being commissioned on 21 July 2012 into the Eastern Naval Command headquartered at Vishakapatnam . INS " Sahyadri " features improved stealth and land attack capabilties over the preceding Talwar - class frigate s . Design and description . The Indian Navy conceived " Project 17 " for design of stealthy frigates to be designed and built in India . The Directorate of Naval Design ( DND ) ' s design of the " Shivalik " class called for a " 5000 ton stealth frigates ( Project 17 ) incorporating advanced signature suppression and signature management features " . The first three units were formally ordered by the Indian Navy in early 1999 . General characteristics and propulsion . INS " Sahyadri " has a length of overall , a beam of and a draft of . The ships displaces about at normal load and at full load . The complement is about 257 , including 35 officers . The ship uses 2 Pielstick 16 PA6 STC Diesel engines and 2 GE LM2500 + boost turbines in CODOG configuration providing a total of of power . This allows the ship to reach a maximum speed of . Electronics and sensors . INS " Sahyadri " is equipped with a wide range of electronics and sensors . These include In addition , it uses HUMSA ( hull - mounted sonar array ) , ATAS / Thales Sintra towed array systems and the BEL Ajanta Electronic Warfare suite . Armament . INS " Sahyadri " is equipped with a mix of Russian , Indian and Western weapon systems . These include the 3 . 0 - inch Otobreda naval gun , Klub and BrahMos supersonic anti - ship missiles , Shtil - 1 anti - aircraft missiles , RBU - 6000 anti - submarine rocket launchers and DTA - 53 - 956 torpedo launchers . A 16 cell VLS launched Barak SAM and AK - 630 act as Close - in weapon systems ( CIWS ) . The ship also carries two HAL Dhruv or Sea King Mk . 42B helicopters . Construction and service . The keel of INS " Sahyadri " was laid in September 2003 . She was formally launched in May 2005 and commissioned in July 2012 after undergoing sea - trials in 2011 . In October 2013 , " Sahyadri " participated in the International Fleet Review 2013 in Sydney , Australia , as part of a growing defense cooperation between the two countries .
Mark 30 torpedo mine The Mark 30 mine was an aircraft - launched , antisubmarine torpedo developed by the Brush Development Company during World War II . It was developed as a backup for the Mark 24 mine due to apprehensions regarding the Mark 24 ' s acoustic steering . Three prototypes of the Mark 30 were built and tested in 1943 ; results were satisfactory . Production of the Mark 30 was never undertaken due to the success of the Mark 24 mine ' s acoustic steering .
White Brotherhood The White Brotherhood was an urban society ( or militia ) of Toulouse established in 1211 during the episcopate of Folquet de Marselha , so - called from its members ' habit of wearing white crosses on their chests . The society , called a " pious institution " by William of Puylaurens , was militant towards usurer s ( Jews ) and Cathars , robbing them and destroying their homes . Most of the Whites came from the city proper . A Black Brotherhood , so - called in opposition to the White , was soon formed and two factions went to war in the streets of Toulouse . According to Puylaurens : Daily the two parties would clash , banners flying , bristling with weapons , even with cavalry in evidence . Through the agency of His servant the bishop , Our Lord came to bring them , not a bad peace but a good war . From the White Brotherhood Folquet selected 500 men - at - arms and sent them to aid the Albigensian Crusade in besieging Lavaur . The bishop even composed pro - Crusade " sirventes " for the troops to sing . Count Raymond VII , however , forbade the citizens to go and tried to force Folquet from the city . The White Brotherhood did go , however , and the bishop eventually left as well , to join the siege at Lavaur . The White Brotherhood gained notoriety among the opponents of the Crusade . The troubadour Gavaudan wrote the song " A la plus longa nuech de l ' an " in which he criticises the " foolish white people " , almost certainly a reference to the Whites of Toulouse .
No . 692 Squadron RAF No . 692 Squadron RAF was a light bomber squadron of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War . History . The squadron was formed on 1 January 1944 at RAF Graveley , Huntingdonshire as a light bomber unit , equipped with Mosquito Mk . IV bombers , as part of the Light Night Striking Force of No . 8 Group RAF in Bomber Command . It re - equipped with Mosquito Mk . XVI bombers from March 1944 and by June 1944 the squadron had completely switched over to the newer variant . It was the first squadron to carry 4 , 000 lb bombs in Mosquitos , used in an attack on Düsseldorf . The squadron was also the first Mosquito unit to carry out minelaying operations . Most operations were at low level , including one mission when the squadron dropped 4 , 000 lb bombs into the mouth of tunnels in the Ardennes . At the end of the war the squadron was disbanded on 20 September 1945 at RAF Gransden Lodge , Cambridgeshire . The squadron had carried out 3 , 237 operational sorties ( though one source claims a far lower number of sorties , 1 , 457 ) for the loss of 17 aircraft .
Paul Betz Paul Otto Ferdinand Betz ( 10 July 1895 – 9 May 1944 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several divisions . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Paul Betz was killed on 9 May 1944 in Sevastopol , Ukraine . He was posthumously promoted to Generalmajor and awarded the Knight ' s Cross .
USS Aulick ( DD - 258 ) The second USS " Aulick " ( DD - 258 ) was a " Clemson " - class destroyer in the United States Navy and transferred to the Royal Navy where she served as HMS " Burnham " ( H82 ) during World War II . History . Named for John H . Aulick , " Aulick " was laid down on 3 December 1918 and launched on 11 April 1919 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation ; sponsored by Mrs . Phillip J . Willett ; and commissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 26 July 1919 , Lieutenant Commander Lee P . Johnson in command . Following her shakedown cruise , " Aulick " proceeded to the west coast where she joined Destroyer Flotilla 10 of the Pacific Fleet . While operating along the California coast , the vessel was given the designation DD - 258 on 17 July 1920 . " Aulick " continued to carry out routine fleet duties until she was decommissioned on 27 May 1922 at the Mare Island Navy Yard . After over 17 years laid up in reserve , the destroyer was recommissioned on 18 June 1939 at San Diego , California . Upon her reactivation , " Aulick " returned to the east coast where she served until the fall of 1940 . On 8 October 1940 , " Aulick " was decommissioned at Halifax , Nova Scotia , and transferred to the British under the agreement with the United Kingdom exchanging American destroyers for bases in the Atlantic . Her name was struck from the Navy list on 8 December 1941 . As HMS " Burnham " . Renamed HMS " Burnham " - in part in honour of Burnham , Pennsylvania and Burnham - on - Sea , Somerset - the destroyer began escort duties with the British Navy in December 1940 . In early 1941 , " Burnham " began a series of escort voyages between Iceland and Newfoundland . " Burnham " was modified for trade convoy escort service by removal of three of the original 4 " / 50 caliber gun s and three of the triple torpedo tube mounts to reduce topside weight for additional depth charge stowage and installation of hedgehog . Throughout 1942 and 1943 , " Burnham " worked mainly between Newfoundland and Londonderry Port , Derry , Northern Ireland . " Burnham " was assigned to Escort Group C - 2 of the Mid - Ocean Escort Force for convoys ON - 113 , HX - 201 , ON - 119 , SC - 97 , ON - 129 and SC - 102 and then to Escort Group C - 3 for convoys ON - 152 , HX - 221 , ON - 163 , HX - 226 , ON - 172 , SC - 124 , ON - 180 and HX - 238 during the winter of 1942 - 43 In 1942 , " Burnham " was formally adopted by Burnham - On - Sea , Somerset , and after woollen comforts were gratefully received by the crew on board the ship from time to time . In 1944 , she was used on aircraft training duties in the Western Approaches Command , which allowed a contingent from the ship to visit the Somerset town and march the streets . " Burnham " was reduced to reserve at Milford Haven , Wales , in November 1944 . She was ultimately scrapped at Pembroke , Wales , in December 1948 . On Thursday 21 October 2004 - exactly 60 years after the crew of the vessel marched through the streets of the Somerset town to cheering crowds , Ron Giles , president of the former HMS Burnham Association , unveiled a plaque on the seawall of Burnham - on - Sea .
Spolia opima The spolia opima ( " rich spoils " ) were the armor , arms , and other effects that an ancient Roman general stripped from the body of an opposing commander slain in single combat . The " spolia opima " were regarded as the most honorable of the several kinds of war trophies a commander could obtain , including enemy military standard s and the peaks of warships . The Romans recognized only three instances when " spolia opima " were taken . The precedent was set in Rome ' s legendary history when in 752 BC Romulus defeated and stripped Acro , king of the Caeninenses , following the Rape of the Sabine Women . In the second instance , Aulus Cornelius Cossus obtained the " spolia opima " from Lar Tolumnius , king of the Veientes , during Rome ' s semi - legendary Regal period . The third and most historically grounded occurred during the Second Punic War when Marcus Claudius Marcellus ( consul 222 BC ) stripped the Celtic warrior Viridomarus , a king of the Gaesatae . The ceremony of the " spolia opima " was a ritual of state religion that was supposed to emulate the archaic ceremonies carried out by the founder Romulus . The victor affixed the stripped armor to the trunk of an oak tree , carried it himself in a procession to the Capitoline , and dedicated it at the Temple of Jupiter Feretrius . Imperial politics . During the earliest years in the rise of Augustus ( still known as Octavian at the time ) , Marcus Licinius Crassus ( consul 30 BC ) defeated an enemy leader in single combat in Macedonia and was eligible to claim the honour of " spolia opima " . This Marcus Crassus was the grandson of the triumvir Marcus Crassus , who had died in the disastrous Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC . His illustrious political lineage made him a potential rival to Octavian , who blocked the honors . Crassus may also have been the last Roman outside the imperial family to be awarded the honor of a triumph .
William Floyd William Floyd ( December 17 , 1734 – August 4 , 1821 ) was an American politician from New York , and a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence . Biography . William Floyd was born in Brookhaven , New York Long Island , into a family of English and Welsh origins and took over the family farm when his father died . His great - grandfather Richard Floyd was born in Brecknockshire , Wales in about 1620 and settled in the Province of New York . William Floyd was a member of the Suffolk County Militia in the early stages of the American Revolutionary War , becoming Major General . He was a delegate from New York in the First Continental Congress from 1774 to 1776 . He was a member of the New York State Senate ( Southern D . ) from 1777 to 1788 . In March 1789 , he was elected to the 1st United States Congress under the new Constitution as an Anti - Administration candidate and served until March 3 , 1791 . Floyd was a presidential elector in 1792 , voting for George Washington and George Clinton . In 1795 , Floyd ran for Lieutenant Governor of New York with Robert Yates on the Democratic - Republican ticket , but they were defeated by Federalists John Jay and Stephen Van Rensselaer . Floyd was again a presidential elector in 1800 , voting for Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr ; and in 1804 , voting for Thomas Jefferson and George Clinton . Floyd was again a member of the State Senate ( Western D . ) in 1808 . In 1820 , Floyd was again chosen a presidential elector , but did not attend the meeting of the electoral college , and Martin Van Buren was appointed to fill the vacancy . The William Floyd House , the family home , is located in Mastic Beach , is part of Fire Island National Seashore and is open to visitors . The home is located in the middle of extensive woods , grassland and wetlands . Among his descendants are cinematographer Floyd Crosby , his son , rock musician David Crosby and former Massachusetts Governor William Weld . A second cousin twice removed was Abraham Lincoln . In 1820 the aging William Floyd ( he was 86 ) remained the largest slaveholder with 6 slaves . Floyd was the only person who had been counted as a slaveholder in the past . In addition 2 free black residents lived in his household . The free female was 14 – 25 years old and likely had been emancipated while her mother remained enslaved in the household . The other free black was a male older than 45 . Perhaps he was married to the enslaved female over 45 in the household , as such arrangements were not uncommon among New York slaves . Namesakes . There are several places and institutions named after William Floyd , including :
Piet Chielens Piet Chielens ( born 1956 ) a Belgian writer , translator and curator . He is coordinator of the In Flanders Fields Museum in Ypres ( Ieper ) in Belgium . He is also artistic director of " Vredesconcerten Passendale " ( " Passchendaele Peace Concerts " ) . Chielens was born in Reningelst . He is co - author , with Julian Putkowski , of " Unquiet Graves / Rusteloze Graven Guide : Execution Sites of the First World War in Flanders " .
Francis Raven Francis Raven ( died 1983 ) was an American cryptologist and an early employee of the National Security Agency . He graduated from Yale University in 1934 and joined the United States Navy as a reserve officer , where he was assigned to the Naval Security Group . His commission was reactivated in 1940 and he rejoined the NSG , working on Japanese problems with Agnes Driscoll . After a brief period working on German ciphers he returned to Japanese issues , and starting in 1942 was part of a group that systematically solved many of the low level codes . These were important as a source of crib s used in working the JN - 25 fleet code . He also worked on the JADE and CORAL machines , both of which were successfully cracked . After the war he stayed on as a civilian employee of the NSG , then joining the Armed Forces Security Agency in 1946 and moving on to NSA at its formation in 1952 . From 1956 on he held a series of executive posts within the agency , culminating in his appointment as chief of the Office of NSA ' s training program and played a major part in the development of two cryptology courses , an effort which won him several civilian awards . In retirement he established a firm for genealogical research , in which he was active until his death in 1983 .
Charles Stephen Gore Sir Charles Stephen Gore , KH GCB ( 26 December 1793 – 4 September 1869 ) was a British general . He served in Canada and fought in the Battle of Saint - Denis . The community of Gore , Nova Scotia is named after him when he served in Nova Scotia .