naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
394th Fighter Squadron The 394th Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 367th Fighter Group , IX Fighter Command , stationed at Seymour Johnson Field , North Carolina . It was inactivated on 7 November 1945 . History . Organized and trained in California during 1943 on P - 39 Airacobras . Moved to England in April 1944 , being assigned to IX Fighter Command , but were assigned P - 38 Lightnings upon arrival . Entered combat in May 1944 , flying fighter sweeps , bomber escorts and dive bombing missions over Occupied France . Supported the invasion of Normandy during June 1944 by maintaining low aerial cover over the invasion troops . Moved to France in late July , engaging enemy aircraft over France and supporting ground forces as they advanced , attacking the German Seventh Army which , to prevent being surrounded , was withdrawing eastward through the gap between Falaise and Argentan . Five convoys and 100 Tiger Tanks were destroyed on one day . Continued combat operations until the German capitulation in May 1945 . On 1 July it was announced the squadron was to go to the Pacific Theater of Operations , and returned to the United Staters to be re - equipped with long range P - 47N Thunderbolts . Japanese Capitulation in August led to the unit becoming excess to requirements , and was demobilzed at Seymour Johnson field , North Carolina . Was inactivated as a paper unit in November 1945
First Division 7 December The Eerste Divisie " 7 December " or " First Division 7 December " was a division of the Royal Netherlands Army , active from at least 1946 to 2004 . It was sent to the Dutch East Indies to restore " peace , order and security " in 1946 . The Netherlands planned to gradually give the East Indies greater autonomy , but the proclamation of the independent Republic of Indonesia two days after Japan ' s capitulation accelerated these events . The division was named after the speech of Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands in London on December 7 , 1942 : " I imagine , without prejudice to the government conference ' s advice , that they will focus on a National Association , which the Netherlands , Indonesia , Suriname and Curaçao will have participated together , while each in itself , its own autonomy in internal affairs and drawing on their own , but together with the will to assist , will represent . It will be difference of treatment based on race or national character have no place , but will only have the personal ability of citizens and the needs of different populations for the decisive policy of the Government . " The division was withdrawn from the East Indies in 1949 – 1950 and spent the remainder of the Cold War as part of NATO Northern Army Group ' s I ( Netherlands ) Corps deterring a Soviet attack on West Germany . In 1985 it had its headquarters at Schaarsbergen , and divisional troops included the 102 Reconnaissance Battalion ( maintained through the Dutch mobilisation system RIM ) at Hoogland . 11th Mechanised Brigade included the 12 and 48 Mechanised Battalions , the 101 Tank Battalion , and the 11 Field Artillery Battalion . 12th Mechanised Brigade was headquartered at Nunspeet and 13th Armoured Brigade at Oirschot . After the end of the Cold War it became part of the I . German / Dutch Corps for a period . The division was disbanded on 1 January 2004 and the ' 7 December ' title was transferred to the 11 Luchtmobiele Brigade ( 11th Airmobile Brigade ) .
880th Bombardment Squadron The 880th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 383d Bombardment Group . It was inactivated at Camp Anza , California on 3 Jan 1946 . History . Established as a B - 29 Superfortress very heavy bombardment group in late 1943 ; trained by Second Air Force , initially with B - 17s until production B - 29s became available . Reassigned to the 383d Bomb Group in Aug 1944 , its aircraft and personnel being reassigned to other squadrons of the 499th . Shortages of B - 29s for training caused the 383d and the squadron to remain in the United States for almost a year until finally it deployed to the Central Pacific Area in June 1945 as part of the new Eighth Air Force in the Pacific . The squadron arrived on Tinian in September 1945 after the Japanese capitulation and did not see combat . Squadron dropped food and supplies to Allied prisoners in Japan , Korea , China , and Formosa after the war . Personnel demobilized on Tinian , aircraft flown to United States and placed in reserve storage or assigned to other units . Inactivated as a paper unit in January 1946 .
William C . Oates William Calvin Oates ( either November 30 or December 1 , 1835September 9 , 1910 ) was a Confederate colonel during the American Civil War , the 29th Governor of Alabama from 1894 to 1896 , and a brigadier general in the U . S . Army during the Spanish – American War . Early life . Oates was born in Pike County , Alabama , to William and Sarah ( Sellers ) Oates , a poor farming family . At the age of 17 , he believed that he had killed a man in a violent brawl and left home for Florida . Oates became a drifter , settling in Texas for a couple of years before returning to Alabama at the urging of his younger brother John , who had been dispatched by the family to locate him . He studied law and passed the bar examination , and then opened a practice in Abbeville . Civil War . Oates joined the Confederate States Army in 1861 and eventually became the commander of the 15th Alabama infantry regiment in the spring of 1863 . He fought in the Battle of Gettysburg , leading his troops in a series of charges on Little Round Top , where his brother John perished . This became one of Oates ' s significant memory of the war , as he believed that if his regiment had been able to take Little Round Top , the Army of Northern Virginia might have won the battle , and possibly marched on to take Washington , D . C . Oates later stated that if even a single additional Confederate regiment had joined the assault , the attack could have succeeded , turning the Union ' s flank and threatening the entire Army of the Potomac . Oates stated : Oates participated in the battles of Chickamauga , the Wilderness , and Spotsylvania Court House . After transferring to the 48th Alabama , he was wounded near Petersburg , Virginia , losing his right arm , which ended his active service . Postbellum career . Oates resumed his law practice in Henry County , Alabama , and served as a delegate to the 1868 Democratic National Convention . From 1870 to 1872 , he was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives . In 1880 , he was elected to the U . S . House of Representatives , where he served seven consecutive terms . Oates married Sarah Toney of Eufaula on March 28 , 1882 , and they had one son , William Calvin , Jr . , who eventually joined his father in the law practice . Oates was elected governor of Alabama in 1894 in a bitter campaign . Two years later , he unsuccessfully tried to secure his party ' s nomination as a candidate for the United States Senate . President William McKinley commissioned Oates as a brigadier general in 1898 and he served in the Spanish American War . He returned to his law practice and speculated in real estate . He tried unsuccessfully to have a monument erected at Gettysburg to his comrades in the old 15th Alabama , including his fallen brother . Oates died in Montgomery , and is buried there in Oakwood Cemetery .
French ship Colosse ( 1813 ) Colosse was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . Between 1815 and 1827 , her forecastle and quarterdeck were razé ed and she was turned into the flush deck , 60 - gun first rank frigate " Pallas " . Career . " Colosse " was ordered on 20 February 1812 . She was launched on 5 December 1812 , amidst a ceremony honouring the anniversary of the Battle of Austerlitz , and commissioned in January 1814 under Captain Louvel . In 1821 , she cruised in the Caribbean under Captain Ducampe de Rosamel . During the events of the " Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis " , she took part in the bombardment of Cadiz under Captain de la Bretonnière . Between 1815 and 1827 , her forecastle and quarterdeck were razé ed , and she was turned into a 60 - gun first rank frigate , with two complete batteries , and renamed Pallas . As " Pallas " , she took part in the Invasion of Algiers in 1830 , and in the Battle of the Tagus , under Captain Buchet de Châteauville , where she single - handedly obtained the surrender of the entire Portuguese fleet anchored on the Tagus . Upon her return , she was decommissioned , and condemned in 1840 .
David F . Winder David Francis Winder ( August 10 , 1946 – May 13 , 1970 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Vietnam War . Biography . Winder joined the Army from Columbus , Ohio in 1968 , and by May 13 , 1970 was a Private First Class serving as a combat medic in the Headquarters and Headquarters Company of the 3d Battalion , 1st Infantry Regiment , 11th Infantry Brigade , Americal Division . On that day , in the Republic of Vietnam , Winder attempted to reach several wounded comrades through intense enemy fire , and was mortally wounded in the process . Winder , aged 23 at his death , was buried in Mansfield Memorial Park , Mansfield , Ohio . Medal of Honor citation . Private First Class Winder ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Pfc . Winder distinguished himself while serving in the Republic of Vietnam as a senior medical aidman with Company A . After moving through freshly cut rice paddies in search of a suspected company - size enemy force , the unit started a thorough search of the area . Suddenly they were engaged with intense automatic weapons and rocket propelled grenade fire by a well entrenched enemy force . Several friendly soldiers fell wounded in the initial contact and the unit was pinned down . Responding instantly to the cries of his wounded comrades , Pfc . Winder began maneuvering across approximately 100 meters of open , bullet - swept terrain toward the nearest casualty . Unarmed and crawling most of the distance , he was wounded by enemy fire before reaching his comrades . Despite his wounds and with great effort , Pfc . Winder reached the first casualty and administered medical aid . As he continued to crawl across the open terrain toward a second wounded soldier he was forced to stop when wounded a second time . Aroused by the cries of an injured comrade for aid , Pfc . Winder ' s great determination and sense of duty impelled him to move forward once again , despite his wounds , in a courageous attempt to reach and assist the injured man . After struggling to within 10 meters of the man , Pfc . Winder was mortally wounded . His dedication and sacrifice inspired his unit to initiate an aggressive counterassault which led to the defeat of the enemy . Pfc . Winder ' s conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the cost of his life were in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit on him , his unit and the U . S . Army .
Robert J . O ' Neill Robert John O ' Neill AO ( born 5 November 1936 ) is Chair of the International Academic Advisory Committee at the United States Studies Centre at the University of Sydney , was director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies , based in London , 1982 - 1987 , and Chichele Professor of the History of War at Oxford University from 1987 to 2000 . Early life and education . O ' Neill graduated from the Royal Military College , Duntroon in 1958 , and from 1958 to 1969 , served as an officer in the Regular Australian Army , during which time as an infantry Captain he was Mentioned in Despatches during the Vietnam War . In 1965 , he completed his D . Phil . thesis at Oxford University on " The relationship between the German Army and the Nazi Party , 1933 – 9 " under the direction of one of his predecessors as Chichele Professor of the History of War , Professor N . H . Gibbs . Academic career . O ' Neill served as Senior lecturer in History , Royal Military College , Duntroon , 1968 – 69 . He was head of the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre , Australian National University in 1971 – 82 , Senior Fellow in international Relations , 1969 - 1977 , Professorial Fellow , 1977 - 1982 . Australian official historian of the Korean War from 1970 until 1982 , director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies 1982 – 87 and Chichele Professor of the History of War at Oxford University from 1987 to 2001 . He was the founding Chairman of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute , 2000 - 2005 . He was Chair of the International Academic Advisory Committee at the United States Studies Centre , University of Sydney from 2008 to 2011 . He was Chairman of Trustees of the Imperial War Museum , London , 1998 - 2001 ( Trustee 1990 - 1998 ) . He was Chairman of the Council of the International Institute for Strategic Studies , 1996 - 2001 ( Council member 1977 - 82 and 1992 – 96 ) .
Rudolf Veiel Rudolf Veiel ( 10 December 1883 , in Stuttgart – 19 March 1956 , in Stuttgart ) was a German General of the Panzertruppe during World War II . Veiel ' s first army service was noted as a Fahnenjunker in the Ulanen - Regiment 19 in April 1904 . On 18 August 1905 , he became a leutnant . At the beginning of World War I , Veiel was a commander of the Squadron in the Württemberg Reserve - Dragoon - Regiment . He served in this regiment until the end of the war . After World War I , Veiel was a member of the Freikorps in Württemberg ( 1919 ) . From 1 October 1920 , he was in the 18th ( Saxon ) Cavalry Regiment of the Reichswehr . From 1 June 1923 , Veiel commanded a Squadron in 10th ( Prussian ) Cavalry Regiment where he was promoted to major on 1 March 1927 . In the same year , Veiel became an adjutant in 3rd Cavalry Division . He stayed in this division as an adjutant until 1 April 1931 when he became an oberstleutnant . From 1 November 1932 to 1 October 1935 , Veiel commanded the 18th Cavalry Regiment . He then commanded the 2nd Rifle Brigade until 1 February 1938 when he was given command of the 2nd Panzer Division . During all of this , Veiel became an oberst on 1 December 1933 , a generalmajor on 1 January 1937 , and a generalleutnant on 10 October 1938 . In the early stages of World War II , as commander of the 2nd Panzer Division , Veiel played a distinguished role in the invasions of Poland in 1939 , of France in 1940 , of Yugoslavia and Greece in 1941 , and of the Soviet Union in 1941 . On 3 June 1940 , for his achievements as a divisional commander , Veiel was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . From 1 April 1942 to 28 September 1942 , after the German defeat at Moscow , Veiel became a General der Panzertruppe . He later commanded the XLVIII Panzer Corps . After 28 September , Veiel was made Chief of revitalization in the Headquarters of the " Army Group Center " . He continued in this position until 6 June 1943 . From September 1943 to 20 July 1944 General Veiel was Commanding General of Battle Sector V ( " Wehrkreis V " ) in Stuttgart . He was relieved of command because of complicity in the July 20 Conspiracy to assassinate Adolf Hitler . On 16 April 1945 he was put in the Officer Reserve ( " Führerreserve " ) of the Army High Command ( " Oberkommando des Heeres " or OKH ) . After World War II , Rudolf Veiel spent two years in American captivity . On 12 May 1947 , he was released . He died nine years later in his hometown of Stuttgart , aged 72 .
Flying Regiment 19 , Finnish Air Force The Flight Regiment 19 ( , or ) , also known as the Swedish Voluntary Air Force or F 19 was a Finnish Air Force unit , manned by Swedish volunteers , which operated from Kemi in northern Finland for the last 62 days of the Winter War . The aircraft also came from the Swedish Air Force inventory . Its designation number was taken from the Swedish Air Force which had 18 flying regiments at the time . The designation F 19 has not been used in Sweden . When new regiments were formed they were named F 20 , F 21 and F 22 . The unit made a significant contribution to the defense of Finnish Lapland , from January 7 , 1940 , with 12 Gloster Gladiator II fighters , five Hawker Hart bombers , and eight other planes . In total , the unit destroyed twelve Soviet aircraft ( eight in the air , four on the ground ) , and lost a total of six planes ; two to enemy action and four to accidents . Three of its pilots were killed and two more were captured by Soviet forces . The captives were returned to Sweden five months after the end of the war . Organization . The unit was equipped with 12 Gloster Gladiator Mk . Is , four Hawker Hart Mk . Is , one Raab - Katzenstein RK - 26 , one Waco ZQC - 6 , and one Junkers F 13 kä . Victories . The F 19 unit destroyed 12 enemy aircraft , and lost three Hawker Harts and three Gloster Gladiators due to various incidents , however , only one of these , a Gladiator , was lost in an air battle .
Oliver L . Spaulding Oliver Lyman Spaulding ( August 2 , 1833 - July 30 , 1922 ) was a soldier and politician from the U . S . state of Michigan . Biography . Spaulding was born in Jaffrey , New Hampshire . He completed preparatory studies , graduated from Oberlin College of Ohio in 1855 , and moved to Michigan where he taught school . He studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1858 and commenced practice in St . Johns , Michigan . He was regent of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor from 1858 to 1864 . During the Civil War , Spaulding served in the Union Army as a captain in the Twenty - third Regiment , Michigan Volunteers and promoted to colonel and then general . He resumed the practice of law in St . Johns . Spaulding served as Michigan Secretary of State from 1866 to 1870 . Afterwards , he became member of the Republican State committee from 1871 to 1878 . He declined the position of United States district judge of the Utah Territory in 1871 and later served as special agent of the United States Treasury Department from 1875 to 1881 . Spaulding was elected as a Republican from Michigan ' s 6th congressional district to the 46th Congress serving from March 4 , 1881 to March 3 , 1883 . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1882 . He also served as chairman of the commission sent to the Sandwich Islands to investigate alleged violations of the Hawaiian reciprocity treaty in 1883 . Oliver Spaulding again served as a special agent of the United States Treasury in 1885 , 1889 , and 1890 and then as Assistant U . S . Secretary of the Treasury from 1890 to 1893 during the Benjamin Harrison administration and 1897 to 1903 during the McKinley administration . He was also president of the first International American Customs Congress , held in New York City in January 1903 and again a special agent of the United States Treasury from 1903 to 1909 and then customs agent from 1909 to 1916 . Oliver L . Spaulding died in Washington , D . C . , and is interred in Arlington National Cemetery .
John R . Jones John Robert Jones ( 1827 – 1901 ) was a Virginia businessman and soldier who was a controversial brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Jones was a native Virginian and a graduate of the Virginia Military Institute . At the outbreak of the Civil War , Jones raised a volunteer company , the Rockingham Confederates , which became Company I , 33rd Virginia Infantry . He began his career as captain of that company and fought at the First Battle of Manassas . In early 1862 , he was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 33rd . He fought in General Thomas J . " Stonewall " Jackson ' s Shenandoah Valley Campaign in the spring of 1862 and was appointed to command a brigade in the Stonewall Division . He commanded the brigade throughout the Seven Days fighting at the Battle of White Oak Swamp and Malvern Hill , where he was wounded . Jones rejoined the army during the Maryland Campaign and took command of the Stonewall Division , leading it in capturing the Union outpost at Harpers Ferry . At the Battle of Antietam , he was stunned by a shell burst . Though not actually wounded , he was forced to relinquish command . Following the Maryland Campaign , he was tasked with rounding up deserters in the Shenandoah Valley . Jones rejoined the Army of Northern Virginia the day before the Battle of Fredericksburg , when he returned to command his old brigade . After Fredericksburg , charges of cowardice were levelled against him by several subordinates , who claimed he had used a tree for protection . He was again charged with cowardice for leaving the Chancellorsville battlefield because of an ulcerated leg . He was never given a field command again and was seized by Federal troops on July 4 , 1863 , near Smithsburg , MD . He was imprisoned for the rest of the war with no desire by Richmond authorities to affect an exchange . After the war , he was a businessman and a minor office holder in Harrisonburg , Virginia .
Edward K . Valentine Edward Kimble Valentine ( June 1 , 1843 – April 11 , 1916 , age 72 ) was a Nebraska Republican politician . Biography . Born in Keosauqua , Iowa , he attended common schools and learned to become a printer . During the Civil War he was a member in the Union army served in the Illinois Volunteer Infantry in the Sixty - seventh Regiment . He was promoted to second lieutenant and then honorably discharged . He reenlisted in the spring of 1863 as a private in the Seventh Iowa Volunteer Cavalry . He was promoted to adjutant of the regiment and served until 1866 . He settled in Omaha , Nebraska in 1866 . He was appointed register of the United States land office in West Point , Nebraska serving from May 17 , 1869 to September 30 , 1871 . He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1869 , setting up practice in West Point . He was elected judge to the sixth judicial district in 1875 . He ran in Nebraska at - large for the Forty - sixth and Forty - seventh congress , being elected as a Republican both times . He was elected to the newly created 3rd district of Nebraska to the Forty - eighth Congresses . In all he served from March 4 , 1879 to March 3 , 1885 . During his time in the Forty - seventh Congress he was the chairman of the U . S . House Committee on Agriculture . He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1884 . He was the United States Senate Sergeant at Arms from June 30 , 1890 to August 6 , 1893 . After that he resumed practicing law in West Point . He retired to Chicago , Illinois in 1908 , where he later died . He was buried in Union Ridge Cemetery , Norwood Park , Illinois . Honors . Valentine , Nebraska is named for him .