naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
91st Ohio Infantry The 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It primarily served in West Virginia and in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia . Service . The 91st Ohio was raised at Camp Ironton in south - central Ohio on August 26 , 1862 . After being organized and mustered into Federal service in September , the regiment was transported to western Virginia and assigned to the Department of the Kanawha and later to the VIII Corps under Brig . Gen . Eliakim Scammon . It participated in a series of raids and operations against Confederate positions in the region . In the spring of 1864 , the 91st OVI fought in the Battle of Cloyd ' s Mountain in Pulaski County , Virginia , during Maj . Gen . George Crook ' s expedition to disrupt the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad , an important Confederate supply line . Later , it fought in the Battle of Piedmont and then participated in the Valley Campaigns of 1864 , including the battles of Berryville , Opequon or Third Winchester , Fisher ' s Hill , and Cedar Creek . For the rest of the war , the regiment split its time between garrisons in Cumberland , Maryland , and Winchester , Virginia . The 91st Ohio was mustered out at Cumblerland on June 24 , 1865 , and subsequently transported by train back to Ohio . During its time of service , the 91st lost 3 Officers and 60 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded during battle , and 3 Officers and 87 enlisted men perished from disease , for a total loss of 153 soldiers .
No . 213 Squadron RAF No . 213 Squadron was a squadron of the Royal Air Force . The squadron was formed on 1 April 1918 from No . 13 ( Naval ) Squadron of the Royal Naval Air Service . This RNAS squadron was itself formed on 15 January 1918 from the Seaplane Defence Flight which , since its creation in June 1917 , had had the task of defending the seaplanes which flew out of Dunkirk . History . World War I . Formed originally from the Seaplane Defence Flight , which was itself founded in June 1917 at Dunkirk , it was reorganized as No . 13 Squadron RNAS on 15 January 1918 . As the SDF , it operated Sopwith Pup s . When the Royal Naval Air Service merged with the Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force , it was renumbered as 213 Squadron . In this incarnation , it flew Sopwith Baby floatplanes and transitioned to Sopwith Camel s . It was during this time that the squadron derived its Hornet insignia and motto for the squadron badge , after overhearing a Belgian General refer to the squadron ' s defence of his trenches , " Like angry hornets attacking the enemy aircraft " . The Hornet became affectionately known as " Crabro , " latin for hornet . The squadron ' s official motto became , " Irritatus Lacessit Crabro " ( The Hornet Attacks When Roused ) . In March 1919 the squadron went back to the UK where it disbanded on 31 December 1919 . During its wartime existence , the squadron had 11 flying aces serve with it , including such notables as John Edmund Greene , Colin Brown , George Chisholm MacKay , Leonard Slatter , Maurice Cooper , Miles Day , Ronald Graham , John Paynter , John Pinder , and George Stacey Hodson . World War II . The squadron was reformed on 8 March 1937 flying Gauntlet IIs , converting to Hurricanes in January 1939 and flew throughout the war . It participated as part of the British Expeditionary Force ; then at Dunkirk ; the Battle of Britain and finally in the Middle East as part of the Desert Air Force . It also flew Spitfires and P - 51 Mustang s . Post World War II . After the war , the squadron remained in the Middle East , first flying Hawker Tempest s and then De Havilland Vampire s . It was stationed at Deversoir in the Suez Canal Zone from October 1948 till its disbandment there on 30 September 1954 . With Bomber Command to RAF Germany . The squadron reformed once again on 1 September 1955 as an English Electric Canberra squadron , specialising in low level interdiction missions . It was the only squadron to fly the Canberra B ( I ) . 6 variant , still with the " Crabro " insignia adorning the tail fin , first from RAF Ahlhorn and later form RAF Bruggen , while a detachment was for a short time in 1956 stationed at Valkenburg Naval Air Base in the Netherlands . The squadron finally disbanded on 31 December 1969 .
Alfred Genz Alfred Genz ( 8 March 1916 – 23 April 2000 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Fallschirmjäger during World War II and a Oberst in the Bundeswehr . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
HMS Dittisham ( M2621 ) HMS " Dittisham " was one of 93 ships of the of inshore minesweepers . Their names were all chosen from villages ending in " - ham " . The minesweeper was named after Dittisham in Devon . " Dittisham " was built by Fairlie in 1954 . She was placed in reserve , but in 1968 became a training tender to RNTE Shotley , then transferred to HMS Raleigh at Torpoint in 1973 . In March 1983 , she was sold to the Kingston Sea Cadets and became TS " Steadfast " . In April 1997 , she was towed to Pounds Shipyard at Portsmouth and broken up . < br >
Compartmentalization ( information security ) In matters concerning information security , whether public or private sector , compartmentalization is the limiting of access to information to persons or other entities who need to know it in order to perform certain tasks . The concept originated in the handling of classified information in military and intelligence applications . The basis for compartmentalization was the idea that , if fewer people know the details of a mission or task , the risk or likelihood that such information could be compromised or fall into the hands of the opposition is decreased . Hence , varying levels of clearance within organizations exist . Yet , even if someone has the highest clearance , certain " compartmentalized " information , identified by codeword s referring to particular types of secret information , may still be restricted to certain operators , even with a lower overall security clearance . Information marked this way is said to be codeword – classified . One famous example of this was the Ultra secret , where documents were marked " Top Secret Ultra " : " Top Secret " marked its security level , and the " Ultra " keyword further restricted its readership to only those cleared to read " Ultra " documents . Compartmentalization is now also used in commercial security engineering as a technique to protect information such as medical record s .
Joshua Sands ( politician ) Joshua Sands ( October 12 , 1757 – September 13 , 1835 ) was an American merchant and politician . He was a U . S . Representative from New York . Life . He was born in Cow Neck which is now in the Village of Sands Point , located then in Queens County but since 1899 in Nassau County , New York . He was the son of John Sands and Elizabeth Cornwell . He received a limited schooling , served as a captain in the 4th New York Regiment during the American Revolutionary War , and engaged in mercantile pursuits . On March 9 , 1780 , Sand married Ann Ayscough ( 1761 – 1851 ) , the daughter of Richard Ayscough , a surgeon in the British Army . St . Ann ' s Church , the first Episcopal church in Brooklyn , was named in her honor . Among their twelve children was Joshua R . Sands ( 1795 – 1883 ) , who served as a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy . He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1792 to 1797 , and of the Council of Appointment in 1796 . President John Adams appointed him Collector of the Port of New York on April 26 , 1797 . He held this office until July 9 , 1801 , when he was removed by President Thomas Jefferson . He was elected as a Federalist to the Eighth Congress , and served from March 4 , 1803 to March 3 , 1805 . He was President of the board of trustees of the Village of Brooklyn in 1824 . He was again elected to the 19th United States Congress , and served from March 4 , 1825 to March 3 , 1827 . He died at Brooklyn , and was buried at St . Paul ' s Church Cemetery in Eastchester , New York . In 1852 , he was re - interred in Green - Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn .
Ernest Medina Ernest Lou Medina ( born August 27 , 1936 ) is a former captain of infantry in the United States Army . He served during the Vietnam War and was acquitted in a court - martial of war crime s charges in 1971 . He was the commanding officer of Company C , 1st Battalion , 20th Infantry of the 11th Brigade , Americal Division , the unit responsible for the My Lai Massacre of 16 March 1968 . Background . Ernest Medina was born into a Mexican - American family in Springer , New Mexico . He was known as a " tough , able soldier " who had excelled as a non - commissioned officer , and graduated fourth in his class of two hundred at Officer Candidate School at Fort Benning , Georgia . Court - martial . According to the 1970 investigation by General William R . Peers , Medina : Captain Medina was court - martial ed in 1971 for willingly allowing his men to murder My Lai noncombatants . Medina denied all the charges , and claimed that he never gave any orders to kill Vietnamese noncombatants . Medina ' s defense team , led by F . Lee Bailey , alleged that his men killed Vietnamese noncombatants under their own volition and not under Medina ' s orders . Medina also testified that he did not become aware that his troops were out of control at My Lai until it was too late . Medina also strongly denied killing any Vietnamese noncombatant at My Lai , with the exception of a young woman whom two soldiers testified that they found hiding in a ditch . When she emerged with her hands held up Medina shot her because , he claimed , he thought she had a grenade . In fact she was unarmed . The defense lawyers brought up many incidents during the Vietnam War of Viet Cong suspects and sympathizers faking surrender in order to use hidden pistols or grenades to harm or kill American military personnel . In August 1971 , Medina was ultimately found not guilty of all charges relating to the deaths of more than 500 South Vietnamese civilians in the massacre . His trial deliberations lasted approximately 60 minutes . Nevertheless , his military career was finished and Medina resigned from the U . S . Army shortly thereafter . Lieutenant William Calley , a platoon leader serving in Medina ' s company during the massacre and who claimed he was following orders from Medina , was found guilty of various crimes . Calley ultimately served 3½ years of house arrest in his quarters at Fort Benning , Georgia and was released in 1974 by a federal judge . Post - military . After resigning from the army , Medina went to work at an Enstrom Helicopter Corporation plant owned by F . Lee Bailey in Menominee , Michigan . He lives in Marinette , Wisconsin . Cultural references . Medina is mentioned by name in the first stanza of Pete Seeger ' s Vietnam protest song " Last Train to Nuremberg " ( 1970 ) .
Battle of Khalkhyn Temple The Battle of Khalkhyn Temple ( Mongolian : Халхын сүмийн мөргөлдөөн ) or The of 1935 was one of the border conflicts between the Soviet Union , Mongolia and Japan which occurred from 1932 to 1939 . The incident took place on the border of Manchukuo and Mongolia near the Buddhist temple of Khalkhyn ( Temple of Khalkha ) , located northeast of Buir Lake in present - day Inner Mongolia , China . Scores of the cavalry of the Mongolian People ' s Army engaged with patrol units of the Manchukuo Imperial Army and Japanese soldiers . Attack . On 8 January 1935 , an army of 90 Mongolian horsemen ambushed a Japanese / Manchurian border army stationed in the disputed Inner Mongolia territory . As the Mongolians were charging at the defenders , many of them were gunned down from Japanese machine gun - fire , resulting in dozens of deaths including the Mongolian commander Bataar Enkhjargal . But most of the cavalry managed to make it through the gun - fire , into the Manchurian base . After less than 30 minutes of fighting the Manchurian army broke apart and was forced to retreat , giving the Mongolians control of most of the present - day Outer Mongolia territory . A Soviet official claimed that 23 Mongolians were killed in the incident including the commander , but the Japanese put the number much higher ( 40 killed ) . The Japanese claimed to have lost one officer and several other soldiers in the fighting , while their ally Manchuria lost up - to 10 soldiers . Reactions . This incident created great tension between Mongolia and Japan , with the death of a high ranked Japanese officer . This incident was the first of many Mongolian / Soviet - Japanese border conflicts .
Battle of Sandfontein The Battle of Sandfontein took place in South - West Africa at the outset of World War I . General Sir Henry Lukin commanded the South African forces , with General Joachim von Heydebreck commanding the German forces . . The battle opened on 26 September 1914 , after the British had detected but entirely ignored the Germans . One hundred and thirty - five British and South African officers , 2 , 463 soldiers , and 522 native troops with four thirteen - pounder guns and 4 , 347 animals marched to the water . The men had long been without water , their animals were dying from thirst , and all were exposed to the surrounding heights , which the Germans held . The Germans attacked with four machine - gun units , ten artillery units , and 1 , 700 riflemen , all German . After collecting water , a British patrol was sent out but returned with heavy losses . The German " Schutztruppe " ( colonial forces ) fired their machine guns and advanced . The South African forces made an organized and successful retreat to a defensive perimeter around the nearby Kopje mountain . As the surrounded South Africans ' telephone line to Ramans Drift had been cut , they could not call for reinforcements . The South African artillery fired but were outnumbered by the German artillery with its greater firepower . The German guns then moved forward to within 1 , 200 yards of the northern face of Mount Kopje . The Germans commenced lobbing shells into the South African position , and the machine gun fire continued . Only half an hour after the Germans brought their guns forward , the South Africans hoisted a white flag , and the engagement ended .
Macon C . Overton Macon C . Overton ( 18 August 1890 – 1918 ) was an officer in the United States Marine Corps during World War I . Overton was born in Union Point , Georgia . Mortally wounded while guiding a tank against an enemy position at St . George , France on 1 November 1918 . Marine Captain Overton had previously been awarded the Croix de Guerre with silver star and palm for action in the Bois de Belleau ( 13 June 1918 ) and the Distinguished Service Cross for action near Mont Blanc ( 2 – 10 October 1918 ) . For his courage and leadership at St . George , he was posthumously awarded an Oak Leaf cluster to his Distinguished Service Cross . The destroyer USS " Overton " ( DD - 239 ) was named for him .
Georg - Wilhelm Postel Georg - Wilhelm Postel ( 25 April 1896 in Zittau – 20 September 1953 in Shakhty , Russia ) was a general in the German Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves and Swords was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Postel was taken prisoner of war on 30 August 1944 after the capitulation of Romania and sentenced to 25 years of forced labour on 4 June 1949 . Postel died in custody on 20 September 1953 of Tuberculosis . He was interred on the prisoner of war cemetery in Shakhty row 3 , grave 14 .
Tour du Guet The Tour du Guet is a 13th - century watchtower in Calais , Pas - de - Calais , northern France . Located on Place d ' Armes behind the Hotel de Ville , it is in height , and features a dovecote for carrier pigeon s . The tower dates from 1214 , when Philip I , Count of Boulogne built fortifications in the town . Damaged by a 1580 earthquake , it was used as a lighthouse until 1848 , when it became a watch tower . During World War I , it served as a military post .
231st Battalion ( Seaforth Highlanders of Canada ) , CEF The 231st Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Vancouver , British Columbia , the unit began recruiting in early 1916 in that city and the surrounding district . After sailing to England in April 1917 , the battalion was absorbed into the 24th Reserve Battalion on April 22 , 1917 . The 231st Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . F . E . Leach . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Fort Maurepas ( Canada ) " Not to be confused with the Fort Maurepas built in 1699 on the Gulf of Mexico " Fort Maurepas was the name of two forts , or one fort in two locations , built by the French in the Lake Winnipeg area in the 1730s . They were both named after Jean - Frédéric Phélypeaux , Count of Maurepas who , as Minister of Marine , was in charge of French colonies . First Fort Maurepas ( Red River ) : In 1734 two explorers returned from Lake Winnipeg to Fort Saint Charles on Lake of the Woods and reported that they had found a good site for a fort near the mouth of Red River of the North , or Maurepas River as they called it . While returning to Montreal La Verendrye sent from Fort Kaministiquia Sieur Cartier , a merchant , with 12 men in 3 canoes to build a fort on the river . When he reached Fort Michilimackinac he ordered La Jemeraye to relieve his son Pierre at Fort Saint Charles so that Pierre assist at the new post . Since his son Jean - Baptiste had returned from the Indians , Jean - Baptiste went instead . The fort was five leagues up the Red River on high ground where the marshes end . The site has not been identified . Morton thinks it was on Nettley Creek which was called Riviére Aux Morts from a massacre of Saulteurs by the Sioux . They explored the river from Lake Winnipeg almost to Pembina , North Dakota and opened a route from the Red River to Lake of the Woods via the Roseau River ( Manitoba - Minnesota ) and the Portage de la Savanne . In 1735 the fort produced 600 packages of furs . La Vérendrye himself arrived in February 1737 after travelling overland and held council with the Indians . In May of 1737 it was reported that all the Indians at the fort had died of pox . In 1738 La Vérendrye returned , passing the fort on his way to found Fort La Reine on the Assiniboine River . By 1739 the fort was abandoned in favor of Fort Rouge upriver ( south ) at the present site of Winnipeg . Second Fort Maurepas ( Winnipeg River ) : is poorly documented . One source says that the fort was moved from the Red River to the Winnipeg River in 1739 , but other sources do not repeat this . It was on a high round knoll on the right bank of the Winnipeg River about six miles above its mouth across from the modern Powerview - Pine Falls , Manitoba . In the winter of 1749 - 50 it was rebuilt by Pierre Gaultier de La Vérendrye after it had been burnt by the Indians . By 1793 nothing was visible but the clearing . On the opposite side of the river at Otter Point the Northwest Company had a storehouse . About two miles downriver was Fort Bas de la Rivière and further downriver was the later Fort Alexander , Manitoba . The region was known as Bas de la Rivière .
Conspicuous Service Medal ( New York ) The New York Conspicuous Service Medal is an award of the State of New York given to the New York State Organized Militia . The New York Conspicuous Service Medal is the 2nd highest New York State National Guard military award , after the Medal of Valor . It is awarded to any individual who shall have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service in a capacity of great responsibility . For each succeeding award , a silver medal device ( shield ) will be attached to the suspension ribbon and the service ribbon .
Zhang Qinsheng Zhang Qinsheng ( ; born May 1948 ) is a general of the People ' s Liberation Army of the People ' s Republic of China , and the current first Deputy Chief of the General Staff . Zhang was born in Xiaoyi , Shanxi Province . His former posts include vice director of military training department of PLA General Staff Department , director of teaching & research office of campaign of PLA National Defense University , provost of PLA National Defense University and director of battle department of PLA General Staff Department . In December 2004 , he was elevated to chief of staff assistant of General Staff Department , and was promoted to vice chief of staff in December 2006 . In 2007 , he was appointed as commander of Guangzhou Military Region . In December 2009 , he was appointed as the first Deputy Chief of the General Staff , succeeding Ge Zhenfeng . He attained the rank of lieutenant general in July 2006 , and the rank of general in July 2010 . He is a member of 17th Central Committee of Communist Party of China .
District of Oregon ( military ) The District of Oregon was a Union Army command department formed during the American Civil War . The district was part of the independent Department of the Pacific reconstituted by consolidating the Departments of California and Oregon , which was created on January 15 , 1861 when the Army was reorganized . The district was created the same day , and comprised the same territory as the former Department of Oregon , the state of Oregon ( except for the areas of the Rogue River and Umpqua River in Southern Oregon ) and Washington Territory , with headquarters at Fort Vancouver in Washington Territory . On March 3 , 1865 the district included Idaho Territory after it was formed from the eastern part of Washington Territory . On March 14 , 1865 , the District of Oregon was extended to include the entire state of Oregon . District of Oregon commanders . On July 27 , 1865 the Military Division of the Pacific was created under Major General Henry W . Halleck , replacing the Department of the Pacific . It consisted of the Department of the Columbia replacing the District of Oregon and the Department of California . George Wright , now a U . S . Army Brigadier General , was assigned to command the new Department of the Columbia .
Thomas Randolph , 2nd Earl of Moray Thomas Randolph , 2nd Earl of Moray ( died 11 August 1332 ) , a Scottish military commander , held his title for just 23 days . The son of Thomas Randolph , 1st Earl of Moray , a companion - in - arms of King Robert the Bruce , he succeeded his father on 20 July 1332 . Thomas , 2nd Earl of Moray had a chief command under the Earl of Mar ranged against the army of Edward Balliol at the Battle of Dupplin Moor , where he was killed . He died childless .