naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Pesaro The Battle of Pesaro was a minor battle in the Neapolitan War that took place on 28 April 1815 in the town of Pesaro . The main Neapolitan army , commanded by their king , Joachim Murat , was retreating to their original headquarters in Ancona following a string a defeats in northern Italy . The Neapolitans were being pursued by an Austrian corps under the command of Adam Albert von Neipperg . Just like at the Battle of Cesenatico , a vastly outnumbered Austrian raiding party of hussar s and jägers once again successfully attacked a Neapolitan garrison of 3 , 000 men during the night . The Austrians brought out 250 prisoners with only minor casualties whilst inflicting moderate casualties on the garrison , forcing them to flee during the night .
Fairmile D motor torpedo boat The Fairmile D motor torpedo boat was a type of British Motor Torpedo Boat ( MTB ) designed by Bill Holt and conceived by Fairmile Marine for the Royal Navy . Nicknamed " Dog Boats " , they were designed to combat the known advantages of the German E - boats over previous British coastal craft designs . They were bigger than earlier MTB or Motor Gun Boat ( MGB ) designs ( which were typically around 70 feet ) but slower , at 30 knots compared to 40 knots . Unlike the Fairmile B designs , the Dog Boats were only produced in component form in Britain . Some were taken over by the RAF and used for long range air - sea rescue for downed airmen . 229 boats were built between 1942 and 1945 . Many versions were produced or converted from existing boats ; MGB , MTB , MA / SB , LRRC and post - war FPB . Since the Fairmile D could be fitted out with a mix of armament that gave it the capabilities of both a Motor Gun Boat and a Motor Torpedo boat , the MGB designation was dropped . Today the D - type is a popular choice among boat modelers . There are no known survivors , other than two abandoned wrecks , one in Chatham , England and the other in Ellingsøy , Norway .
Russian cruiser Pamiat Azova The Pamiat Azova ( ) was a unique armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1880s . She was decommissioned from front line service in 1909 , converted into a depot ship and sunk by British torpedo boats during the Baltic Naval War , part of the Russian Civil War . Name . The name of the ship commemorated the Russian ship of the line " Azov " , the flagship of the Russian squadron in the Battle of Navarino . The name of that ship , in its turn , referred to the Azov campaigns of Peter the Great . After the battle Nicholas I of Russia decreed that after the retirement of " Azov " the Imperian Navy must perpetually have a ship named " Pamyat Azova " ( English : " The Memory of Azov " ) . The cruiser commissioned in 1890 was the third ship carrying this name . Design . The ship was designed as a commerce raider and rigged with sails to extend range . She was built by Baltic Works in Saint Petersburg and launched on 1 July 1888 . Her machinery was re - built in 1904 with Bellville type boilers . Service . The ship served with the Baltic Fleet , and in 1891 - 1892 it took part in a Cruise around Asia with Crown Prince Nicholas on board . This led to a Fabergé egg , the Memory of Azov being made to commemorate this event . In 1906 , during the First Russian Revolution , the crew of the cruiser mutinied while near Reval . The ship subsequently was placed in reserve . In 1909 she was converted into a torpedo boat depot ship and renamed " Dvina " . The ship was sunk by the British torpedo boat CMB79 in Kronstadt Harbour on 18 August 1919 . The wreck was raised and scrapped .
Ahmed Hassan Musa Ahmed Hassan Musa ( died 1979 ) was a Chadian insurgent who participated to the first phase of the Chadian Civil War . An Islamic fundamentalist close to the Muslim Brotherhood , he was head of the General Union of the Children of Chad ( " Union Générale des Fils du Tchad " or UGFT ) , an Islamic political party formed by Chadian exiles in Sudan . Because of the authoritarian and anti - Muslim policies of the President François Tombalbaye , he lived in exile in Sudan when the explosion of bloody riots in the Guéra Prefecture in 1965 opened him new chances . For this reason , he formed in his country of exile on September 7 , 1965 the Liberation Front of Chad , the first insurgent group formed against Tombalbaye . A small group , at the Congress of Nyala Musa and his FLT united itself in 1966 with the Chadian National Union ( UNT ) of Ibrahim Abatcha to form the powerful National Liberation Front of Chad ( FROLINAT ) . Musa early resumed his autonomy and with his the wing of the FLT operated on the Chad - Sudan border . When Tombalbaye fell in the 1975 coup , Musa readily came to terms with the new government . Four years later , in 1979 , he was killed at Ati by Hissène Habré .
HMS Buckingham ( 1731 ) HMS " Buckingham " was a 70 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , built at Deptford Dockyard to the 1719 Establishment , and launched on 13 April 1731 . " Buckingham " served until 1745 when she was broken up .
Platoon : Bravo Company Platoon : Bravo Company ( 1998 ) is a Vietnam War memoir by Robert Hemphill ( with foreword by Joe Galloway ) , who commanded B ( Bravo ) Company , 3rd Battalion , 22nd Infantry of the 25th Infantry Division ( U . S . Army ) in Vietnam from 1 October 1967 to 18 February 1968 . The book details Hemphill ' s experience as Captain of " Bravo " during the final months of 1967 and into the Tet Offensive of early 1968 . The novel can be noted for its mostly positive outlook on the Vietnam War , in contrast to the bleak reputation and media portrayal of the conflict . The book has been both praised and criticized for its presentation from an officer ' s point of view , although in the book Captain Hemphill states that he is simply writing of the war as he remembers it . " Platoon : Bravo Company " , is also less popular than other books about the war , such as " We Were Soldiers Once . . . And Young " or " Marine Sniper : 93 Confirmed Kills " . Hemphill explains the boredom of daily routine as an infantry soldier , leading his company through thick jungle and finding no signs of the enemy ( Viet Cong ) , as well as moments , ( and , in some cases , hours ) of intense combat , especially during New Year ' s and the Tet offensive . Hemphill also talks about rescuing other units who have fallen into enemy ambushes because of incompetent commanders , and occasionally irresponsible soldiers , as well as having his own company rescued , despite his assurances that his men are " the best in Vietnam . "
Stratopedarches Stratopedarchēs ( , " master of the camp " ) , sometimes Anglicized as stratopedarch , was a Greek term used with regard to high - ranking military commanders from the 1st century BC on , becoming a proper office and later an honorary title during the Byzantine Empire . History . The term first appears in the late 1st century BC in the Hellenistic Near East . Its origin is unclear , but it is used as a translation , in some inscriptions , for the contemporary Roman legion ary post of " praefectus castrorum " ( " camp prefect " ) . From the 1st century AD , it was used ( albeit infrequently ) in a broader sense as a literary term to refer to generals , i . e . as a synonym of the older title " stratēgos " . Thus in the Bible ( ) it is used for the praetorian prefect , the commander of the camp and garrison of the Praetorian Guard in Rome , while in the 4th century , the historian Eusebius writes of the " " stratopedarchēs " , whom the Romans call " dux " " . In the middle Byzantine period ( 9th – 12th centuries ) , the term " stratopedon " came to signify more the army on campaign , rather than the camp itself ; hence the term " stratopedarchēs " was used more in the sense of " commander - in - chief " . The term acquired a technical meaning in 967 , when Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas ( r . 963 – 969 ) named the eunuch Peter Phokas as " stratopedarchēs " before sending him with an army to Cilicia . The " Escorial Taktikon " , written a few years later , shows the existence of two " stratopedarchai " , one of the East ( Anatolia ) and one of the West ( the Balkans ) . This arrangement parallels that of the two " domestikoi tōn scholōn " , a fact that led Nicolas Oikonomides to suggest that the post was created as a substitute of the latter office , which was barred to eunuchs . During the 11th and 12th centuries , this precise arrangement is no longer in evidence ; instead , " stratopedarchēs " was one of the official titles of the commanders - in - chief of the Byzantine army , and is amply attested in seals . The title megas stratopedarchēs ( " grand master of the camp " ) was instituted circa 1255 by the Emperor Theodore II Laskaris ( r . 1254 – 1258 ) for his chief minister and confidante , George Mouzalon . The mid - 14th century " Book of Offices " of pseudo - Kodinos places the " megas stratopedarchēs " as the seventh - most senior official of the state below the Byzantine emperor , ranking between the " prōtostratōr " and the " megas primmikērios " . Kodinos claims that he was in charge of provisioning the army , and places four subordinate " stratopedarchai " under his command : those of the " monokaballoi " ( μονοκάβαλλοι , " single - horsemen " ) , a cavalry unit ; the " tzangratores " ( τζαγγράτορες , " crossbow - men " ) ; the " tzakōnes " ( τζάκωνες , " Tsakonians " ) , a palace guard originally composed of marines ; and the " mourtatoi " ( μουρτάτοι ) , whom Kodinos presents as palace guards , but whose real nature remains obscure . In reality , however , in the Palaiologan period the " [ megas ] stratopedarchēs " was most likely a mere court title , and did not necessarily entail a military command .
George Sullivan Dodge George Sullivan Dodge ( 3 August 1838 - 24 August 1881 ) was an American military officer and merchant . Biography . Dodge , the son of William P . and Nancy B . Dodge ( 1806 - 1853 ) , was born on 3 August 1838 , in Irasburg , Orleans County , Vermont , Dodge became a prominent merchant . With the outbreak of hostilities in the American Civil War ( 1861 - 1865 ) , Dodge entered a volunteer regiment for the Union and was appointed Colonel in the army ' s Quartermaster Department . During the war ' s later years , he served as Chief Quartermaster of the Army of the James under Major General Benjamin F . Butler and later under Major General Edward O . C . Ord . His last - minute resupply of beleaguered Union forces at the Second Battle of Fort Fisher ( 13 – 15 January 1865 ) earned him a brevet promotion to Brigadier General on 15 January 1865 . He later participated in the Battle of Wilmington ( 11 – 22 February 1865 ) . After the war , Dodge served as the United States Consul in Bremen , Germany . Dodge died on 24 August 1881 in the city of Oakland , Alameda County , California and was initially buried there in the city ' s Mountain View Cemetery . Five months later , his body was disinterred and reburied in Newton Cemetery in Newton , Sussex County , New Jersey .
Philippe Henri , Comte de Grimoard Philippe Henri , comte de Grimoard ( 1753 – 1815 ) was a French soldier and military writer . He entered the royal army at the age of sixteen , and in 1775 published his " Essai théorique et practique sur les batailles " . Shortly afterwards Louis XVI placed him in his own military cabinet and employed him especially in connection with schemes of army reform . By the start of the Revolution he had become one of Louis ' s most valued counsellors , in political as well as military matters , and was marked out , though only a colonel , as the next Minister of War . In 1791 Grimoard was entrusted with the preparation of the scheme of defence for France , which proved two years later of great assistance to the Committee of Public Safety . The events of 1792 put an end to his military career , and the remainder of his life was spent in writing military books . The following works by him , besides his first essay , have retained some importance :
Second Guangxi Campaign In 1945 , China from April to August 2 , 3 front in Guangxi province , launched a counter offensive to retake the last major Japanese stronghold in South China and the Second Guangxi Campaign started . The campaign was highly successful , and plans were being made to mop up the remaining scattered Japanese troops in the vicinity of Shanghai and the east coast . However , after the Kwantung Army was defeated during the Soviet invasion of Manchuria , and the Americans dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki , the Japanese had surrendered and the eight - year - long Second Sino - Japanese War finally came to an end .
343d Training Squadron The 343rd Training Squadron is a United States military training facility used for the instruction of United States Air Force Security Forces . The squadron is based out of Lackland Air Force Base , but has a detachment at the Camp Bullis Army outpost . They train at both locations , as well as at the Medina Annex . The majority of the permanent members of this squadron are training instructors . There are , on average , around 1300 students at any given time . The Staff also consists of 15 Military Training Leaders who are responsible for physical and military growth of all students assigned to the 343rd . Detachment One at Camp Bullis is responsible for expeditionary ground combat training .
12th Troop Carrier Squadron The 12th Troop Carrier Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the 322d Air Division stationed at Dreux - Louvilliers Air Base , France . It was inactivated on 8 January 1961 . History . Operations history . Included airborne invasions of North Africa , Sicily , and Greece ; support of partisans in the Balkans ; and transportation of personnel and equipment in MTO during World War II . Berlin Airlift .
Herbert Travers Flight Commander Herbert Gardner Travers ( 1 April 1891 – 16 April 1958 ) was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories . Postwar , he worked in civil aviation . He returned to service during World War II . Travers began his military service as a machine gunner in the Honourable Artillery Company . He transferred to the Royal Naval Air Service on 14 December 1915 . On 27 May 1916 , he joined 1 Wing as a fighter pilot . After a rest at the end of 1916 , he was assigned to 3 Naval Squadron in early 1917 . There he began to score , tallying four ' out of control ' victories and a capture , beginning on 11 March 1917 and finishing on 21 April 1917 . He had help from fellow aces John Malone and Francis Casey in capturing the DFW reconnaissance plane and its crew . His Distinguished Service Cross was gazetted on 22 June 1917 , by which time he was in a new assignment at Dunkirk . References . " Above the Trenches : a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915 - 1920 . " Christopher F . Shores , Norman L . R . Franks , Russell Guest . Grub Street , 1990 . ISBN 0 - 948817 - 19 - 4 , ISBN 978 - 0 - 948817 - 19 - 9 .
RAF Staxton Wold RAF Staxton Wold is a Royal Air Force radar station near Scarborough in North Yorkshire . The official RAF descriptions states that RAF Staxton Wold has been used as an early warning station since the 3rd Century AD , when it was the site of a warning beacon . It was first used as a radar station in 1937 , when it was set up as part of the Chain Home system . It is the only one of the original stations still in use , and may thus claim to be the oldest continuously serving radar station . Today it is a Remote Radar Head ( RRH ) within the United Kingdom Air Surveillance and Control System ( UKASACS )
Ernest Lenard Hilbert Aviation Ordnanceman Ernest Lenard Hilbert was born 14 June 1920 at Quinn , South Dakota , and enlisted in the United States Navy 10 April 1940 at Los Angeles , California . Navy career . In November 1940 he was assigned duty with Bombing Squadron 6 and took part in attacks on the Marshall Islands , Wake Island , and Marcus Island . Awarded Distinguished Flying Cross . " Hilbert " was killed during an aerial attack against enemy forces during the Battle of Midway , 4 – 6 June 1942 . By maintaining skillful and continuous fire from his free machine guns , " Hilbert " enabled his pilot to escape the devastating enemy fighter attacks . While pursuing the same bold and fearless tactics in the second attack , he was shot down . " Hilbert " was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross . Namesake . USS Hilbert ( DE - 742 ) was named in his honor . The ship was launched 18 July 1943 by Western Pipe & Steel Co . ; sponsored by Mrs . Fern Hilbert Wier , sister of Aviation Ordnanceman Hilbert ; and commissioned 4 February 1944 .
USS Haddock ( SSN - 621 ) USS " Haddock " ( SSN - 621 ) , was the last to be built . She was also the third ship of the United States Navy to be named after the haddock , a large species of fish . The contract to build her was awarded to Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula , Mississippi on 24 August 1960 and her keel was laid down on 24 April 1961 . She was launched on 21 May 1966 , sponsored by Mrs . Thomas G . Morris , wife of Representative Morris of New Mexico , and commissioned on 22 December 1967 with Commander Stanley J . Anderson in command . Service history . " Haddock " ' s first homeport was in San Diego , California , as part of Submarine Squadron 3 . Following a deployment to the Western Pacific , her home port was transferred to Pearl Harbor in time for her first overhaul , which was completed in 1972 . " Haddock " was awarded the Meritorious Unit Commendation for significant achievements during her next deployment . In 1977 , " Haddock " had a 19 - month overhaul in Mare Island , following which she was restationed in San Diego , California , and Submarine Squadron Three . " Haddock " completed her seventh deployment to the Western Pacific on 23 December 1983 . She then went to Mare Island in October 1984 for her third overhaul and returned to San Diego and Submarine Squadron Three in February 1987 . " Haddock " earned the Battle Efficiency " E " Award for fiscal year 1988 . " Haddock " deployed to the Western Pacific for the eleventh time from July to October 1991 . Fate . " Haddock " was decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 7 April 1993 . Ex - " Haddock " entered the Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program on 1 October 2000 . Recycling was completed on 1 October 2001 .
Meldungen aus Norwegen Meldungen aus Norwegen ( lit . Reports from Norway ) is a series of reports on the situation in occupied Norway during World War II , by the Oslo department of the German Sicherheitspolizei ( Sipo ) and Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ) . The reports were edited by Georg Wolff and distributed to German military leaders in Norway and Germany . They were typically structured with a section on the general situation ( ) , a section on the resistance movement ( ) , and other details ( ) .
Siege of Neamţ Citadel The Siege of Neamţ Citadel in 1476 was an important event in the history of Moldavia . Neamț Citadel was a fortress rumored to have been built , in the thirteenth century by the Teutonic Knights , in defence against Tatar incursions . In 1476 , after defeating the Moldavia n armies in the Battle of Valea Albă , the Ottoman Empire Sultan Mehmet II forced the Moldavian voivode Ştefan cel Mare to retreat to Cetatea Neamţului . However , as legend says , his mother refused to let him enter the stronghold , and instead advised him to go north into what is now Bukovina and gather a new army . While Ştefan was in Bukovina gathering more forces , Mehmet II laid siege to Cetatea Neamţului . He positioned his cannons on a nearby hill , and began bombarding the stronghold , causing much damage . The Moldavia n garrison was at the point of surrender , when a German prisoner held in the dungeon s had the idea of using the cannons against the Ottoman position on the hill . His idea was put into practice , and soon the camp of the Turks was being bombarded , forcing Mehmet II to leave the area . The event is recorded by the late Moldavian chronicle of Ion Neculce . Siege of John III Sobieski . A historical , but romantisized event , would have taken place probably during the early years Dimitrie Cantemir ' s rule in Moldavia , during the latter part of the 17th century and early 18th century . The story is as following : on their way back after raiding Moldavia , the 25 000 men - strong army of Polish king John III Sobieski came across Cetatea Neamţului , defended by less than 20 men . The Poles attacked the stronghold , believing that it contained necessary provisions . After over a week of siege , the small Moldavian garrison surrendered . Legend has it that , moved by the determined opposition from such a minuscule force , the Polish monarch granted life and free passage to the Moldavians in the garrison and gave them ranks in the Polish army . Although a few historians contest the authenticity of this legendary siege , it nevertheless had a very important place in 19th century Romania n consciousness , finding its most popular version in Costache Negruzzi ' s novelette called " Sobieski şi românii " ( " Sobieski and the Romanians " : the title in itself indicates his attitude towards the events described ) .
2078th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron The 2078th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron is a discontinued United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 308th Reconnaissance Group ( Weather ) . It was inactivated at Tinker AFB , Oklahoma on 20 March 1950 . History . Established as a weather reconnaissance training unit at Fairfield - Suisun AFB , California , with a mission of training replacement personnel for weather reconnaissance and for conducting special research studies for development of equipment and reconnaissance techniques . It operated WB - 29 Superfortress weather aircraft . Moved to Tinker AFB , Oklahoma on 1 October 1948 . Squadron was discontinued on 30 March 1950 . Personnel were transferred to the 513th Reconnaissance Squadron , VLR , Weather , which had moved to Tinker AFB in the status of a “ paper organization ” . Almost immediately the 513th was alerted for a special project at Dhahran Airfield , Saudi Arabia . Flight B of the squadron deployed to Arabia , leaving Flights A , C , and D at Tinker AFB .
USS Mary B . Garner ( SP - 682 ) USS " Mary B . Garner " ( SP - 682 ) was a United States Navy minesweeper in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Mary B . Garner " was built as a commercial fishing vessel of the same name by the William E . Woodall Company at Baltimore , Maryland , in 1912 . On 30 April 1917 , the U . S . Navy purchased her from the Coast Fish Oil and Guano Company of Lewes , Delaware , for use during World War I . Assigned the section patrol number 682 , she was commissioned on 12 May 1917 as USS " Mary B . Garner " ( SP - 682 ) with Lieutenant John W . Glover in command . Assigned to the Minesweeping Squadron of the 4th Naval District and based at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , " Mary B . Garner " carried out minesweeping duties in the rivers , harbors , and coastal waters of Pennsylvania , Delaware , New Jersey , and Maryland . She ran aground and was wrecked on 11 April 1918 at Prime Hook Beach , Delaware , with the loss of one life , but she was salvaged and returned to her duties for the rest of World War I . " Mary B . Garner " was decommissioned at Philadelphia on 15 May 1919 .