naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert Macauley Robert Conover " Bob " Macauley ( December 11 , 1923 – December 26 , 2010 ) was an American businessman who shifted from his paper company to create the charity AmeriCares , which he established in 1982 and which has provided billions of dollars of aid to needy people in crisis situations in countries around the world . Macauley had been aiding South Vietnam ese orphans starting in the early 1970s and expanded his personal involvement in philanthropic causes after the 1975 crash of a U . S . military jet evacuating children stranded the survivors and others trying to leave the country . Biography . Macauley was born on December 11 , 1923 , in Manhattan . Raised in Greenwich , Connecticut , he attended Phillips Academy and then Yale University , where he shared a room with George H . W . Bush . He served in North Africa with the United States Army Air Corps and earned his undergraduate degree from Yale after completing his military service . He joined his family business and established the Virginia Fibre Corporation in 1972 . Macauley first became involved in major charitable efforts following the Tan Son Nhut C - 5 accident in April 1975 , in which a United States Air Force Lockheed C - 5 Galaxy carrying South Vietnam ese orphans as part of Operation Babylift , crashed on landing killing more than 150 and leaving 175 survivors , many of them among the 2 , 000 children awaiting transportation to the United States in the days before Fall of Saigon to forces of the Viet Cong later that month . When he learned that it would take more than a week to evacuate the surviving orphans due to the lack of military transport planes , Macauley chartered a Boeing 747 from Pan American World Airways and arranged for 300 orphaned children to leave the country , paying for the trip by mortgaging his house . Macauley founded AmeriCares in 1982 , a year after he organized shipments of humanitarian aid to Poland at the behest of Pope John Paul II and had organized an airlift to provide medicine to victims of the Lebanese Civil War . Accepting no pay , he served as chief executive officer of the charity until 2002 , distributing material collected from companies and distributing them to people in need in trouble spots around the world . In 1991 , Macauley received the S . Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Private Citizen , an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards . A resident of North Palm Beach , Florida , New Canaan , Connecticut and Brewster , New York , Macauley died at the age of 87 at his Florida home on December 26 , 2010 , due to emphysema . He was survived by his wife Leila , as well as by a daughter , a son , a stepson and four grandchildren .
The Prince Edward Island Regiment ( RCAC ) The Prince Edward Island Regiment ( RCAC ) is a Primary Reserve armoured reconnaissance regiment of the Canadian Forces , 5th Canadian Division , 36 Canadian Brigade Group . The regiment is based in Charlottetown and Summerside . Perpetuations . The PEIR perpetuates the following units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force : In 1946 the amalgamation of The Prince Edward Island Light Horse and The Prince Edward Island Highlanders created The Prince Edward Island Regiment , 17th Reconnaissance Regiment . The Prince Edward Island Regiment was amalgamated with the 28th Light Anti - Aircraft Regiment in 1955 . Organization . The Prince Edward Island Regiment is organized into the following components : Regimental Headquarters " CO : LCol A Trainor " < br > Recce Squadron " OC : Maj T Hurry " < br > Headquarters Squadron " OC : Maj T Jain , MD " < br > Band " OC : MWO K Trace " The Prince Edward Island Regiment ( RCAC ) Museum . The Prince Edward Island Regiment ( RCAC ) Museum collects , preserves , displays and studies the military history of the founding units of The Prince Edward Island Regiment , from the Islands formation ( founding ) . The main concentration is on the period 1870 until the present . The RCAC museum is located at the Queen Charlotte Armouries in Charlottetown , PEI .
Wang Hai Wang Hai ( ) , ( January 19 , 1926 - ) is a Chinese ace pilot of the 3rd Fighter Aviation Division during the Korean War ( 1950 – 1953 ) . During the war , he shot down or damaged 9 American aircraft , with his own air group scoring 29 . The MiG fighter he flew is exhibited in the Military Museum in Beijing . After the war , he was promoted to command an air division , and later the Commander - in - chief and vice Party Secretary of the Guangzhou Military Region Air Force . He commanded the PLA ' s air force units during the army ' s enforcement of martial law in Beijing to quell the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 . He retired in 1992 , and was given the rank of Air Marshal in August , 1998 . On 19 October 2010 he led a Chinese delegation to Pyongyang to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the entry of the Chinese People ' s Volunteers into the Korean War . References . List of Korean War flying aces
Scotland and the Thirty Years ' War Scotland and the Thirty Years ' War deals with the complicated involvement of Scotland in the Thirty Years ' War of 1618 - 1648 . Although not a formal belligerent in the war , Scotland and Scots were heavily entangled in both the diplomatic and military events centred on the Holy Roman Empire ( modern Germany ) . The fate of the Scottish princess Elizabeth of Bohemia was a key concern and up to 50 , 000 Scottish troops , in effect mercenaries , were engaged in various European armies . Since the Union of the Crowns of 1603 Scotland had been increasingly distanced from the Stuart regime in London , and events at home and abroad increasingly led the Scottish Parliament to pursue its own independent lines of diplomacy with mainland European states . For example , when Stuart England formally engaged in the war in 1625 , Scotland did not follow suit . In addition , a large number of ambitious individual Scots in different European courts had a profound influence on the course of the war and Scotland ' s involvement in it . Basis for the Covenanter armies . In the early seventeenth century relatively large numbers of Scots took service in foreign armies involved in the Thirty Years ' War , with 20 - 30 , 000 in Swedish service , a Scots brigade in the Netherlands , 5 - 6 , 000 raised for Danish service in the period 1626 - 7 , 11 , 000 for France and large numbers in the armies of eastern Europe , including German states , Poland and Russia . Hundreds of Scots mercenaries returned home from foreign service , including experienced leaders like Alexander and David Leslie . These veterans played an important role in training the Covenanter recruits . Scottish people of the Thirty Years ' War . Many noted Scots participated in the Thirty Years ' War , including :
Kelsay Kelsay was an Indian scout serving in the United States Army during the Indian Wars who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Kelsay was born in Arizona and after entering the army served as a scout in the Indian Wars . He received the Medal of Honor for “ engagements with Apaches ” . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Indian Scouts . Place and date : Winter of 1872 - 73 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Birth : Arizona . Date of issue : 12 April 1875 . Citation : Gallant conduct during campaigns and engagements with Apaches .
Willibald Unfried Willibald " Willi " Unfried ( 26 June 1919 – 21 July 1994 ) was a highly decorated Feldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
41st Division ( United Kingdom ) The 41st Division of the British Army was a New Army division , which saw service on the Western Front and in Italy during the First World War . The division was formed as part of the fifth wave ( K5 ) of divisions in the New Army ; it did not have a regional title , but was composed primarily of recruits from the south of England . Several of its battalions had been raised by local communities , and were named for their towns or industries . After training and home service , it deployed to the Western Front in mid - 1916 ; its first major combat came in September of that year , at the Battle of Flers – Courcelette . After fighting in 1917 at the Battle of Messines and Third Battle of Ypres it was transferred to the Italian Front . It remained here for three months through the winter of 1917 - 18 before returning to the Western Front , where it arrived just before the German Spring Offensive . It participated in the Allied " Hundred Days Offensive " , and ended the war in Flanders , from where it moved to join the Army of Occupation in Germany following the Armistice . It was demobilised in March 1919 , with some units transferred to the London Division , British Army of the Rhine . The division was not reformed after the war , and did not serve in the Second World War .
Barrett XM500 The Barrett XM500 is a gas - operated , semi - automatic sniper rifle / anti - materiel rifle currently in development by the Barrett Firearms Company . It is fed by a 10 - round detachable box magazine situated behind the trigger in bullpup configuration . It is based on the Barrett M82 / M107 . 50 - caliber sniper rifle . It is intended to be a lighter , more compact alternative to the M82 . Since the XM500 has a stationary barrel ( instead of the recoiling - barrel design of the M82 ) , it will likely have somewhat better accuracy . As with its predecessor , it comes with a removable , adjustable bipod mounted under the barrel , and a top - mounted Picatinny rail for attachment of a scope and / or other accessory .
Ernst Sieler Ernst Sieler ( 22 August 1893 – 6 October 1983 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the LIX . Corps . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Ernst Sieler was captured by Soviet troops in 1945 and was held until 1955 .
MX - 774 MX - 774 was the United States ' first attempt at an intercontinental ballistic missile ( ICBM ) . In 1946 , Consolidated - Vultee was given an Army Air Forces research contract and began design and development of the MX - 774 , which led to Convair ' s development of the Atlas ICBM .
Battle of Ozawahara The 1530 battle of Ozawahara was the first battle for Hōjō Ujiyasu , then fifteen years old . He faced Uesugi Tomooki . The battle was part of a seventeen - year struggle , which began with the 1524 siege of Edo , between the Hōjō clan and the Uesugi for control of the Kantō region .
Bartlesville Air Force Station Bartlesville Air Force Station ( ADC ID : P - 77 ) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station . It is located west - northwest of Bartlesville , Oklahoma . It was closed in 1961 . History . In late 1951 Air Defense Command selected Bartlesville , OK as a site for one of twenty - eight radar stations built as part of the second segment of the permanent radar surveillance network . Prompted by the start of the Korean War , on July 11 , 1950 , the Secretary of the Air Force asked the Secretary of Defense for approval to expedite construction of the second segment of the permanent network . Receiving the Defense Secretary ’ s approval on July 21 , the Air Force directed the Corps of Engineers to proceed with construction . On 1 May 1951 the 796th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron began operating a pair of AN / FPS - 10 radars , and initially the station functioned as a Ground - Control Intercept ( GCI ) and warning station . As a GCI station , the squadron ' s role was to guide interceptor aircraft toward unidentified intruders picked up on the unit ' s radar scopes . In 1958 an AN / FPS - 6 replaced the AN / FPS - 10 height - finder radar . In addition to the main facility , Bartlesville operated two AN / FPS - 14 Gap Filler site : This site was inactivated 1 June 1961 due to budgetary constraints . Today what was Bartlesville Air Force Station is largely obliterated . It now consists of various residential and commercial establishments .
AFB Langebaanweg AFB Langebaanweg is an airbase of the South African Air Force ( SAAF ) . The base motto is " Tenax Propisiti Vinco – Through Tenacity Comes Success " . Current Aircraft . The Central Flying School operates 60 Pilatus PC - 7 s from AFB Langebaanweg . The SAAF ' s Silver Falcons display team is based at AFB Langbaanweg .
Breastwork ( fortification ) A breastwork is a fortification . The term is usually applied to temporary fortifications , often an earthwork thrown up to breast height to provide protection to defenders firing over it from a standing position . A more permanent structure , normally in stone , would be described as a parapet or the battlement of a castle wall . In warships , a breastwork refers to the armored superstructure in the middle of the ship that did not extend all the way out to the sides of the ship . Generally only used in ironclad turret ship s designed between 1865 and 1880 .
Battle of Heiligerlee ( 1568 ) " Not to be confused with the earlier Battle of Heiligerlee ( 1536 ) " The Battle of Heiligerlee ( Heiligerlee , Groningen , 23 May 1568 ) was fought between Dutch rebels and the Spanish army of Friesland . This was the first Dutch victory during the Eighty Years ' War . The Groningen province of the Spanish Netherlands was invaded by an army consisting of 3 , 900 infantry led by Louis of Nassau and 200 cavalry led by Adolf of Nassau . Both were brothers of William I of Orange . The intention was to begin an armed uprising against the Spanish rulers of the Netherlands . The Stadtholder of Friesland and also Duke of Aremberg , Johan de Ligne , had an army of 3 , 200 infantry and 20 cavalry . Aremberg initially avoided confrontation , awaiting reinforcements . However on 23 May , Adolf ' s cavalry lured him to an ambush at the monastery of Heiligerlee . Louis ' infantry , making up the bulk of the army , defeated the Spanish force which lost 1 , 500 – 2 , 000 men , while the invading force lost 50 , including Adolf . The rebels captured seven cannon . The invading force however , did not capture any cities and was soon defeated at the Battle of Jemmingen . The death of Adolf of Nassau is mentioned in the Dutch national anthem ( 4th verse ) :
Geraldine Doyle Geraldine Hoff Doyle ( July 31 , 1924 – December 26 , 2010 ) is possibly the real - life model for the World War II era " We Can Do It ! " poster , later thought to be an embodiment of the iconic World War II character Rosie the Riveter . Life . Geraldine Hoff was born in Inkster , Michigan . Her father Cornelious was an electrical contractor who died of pneumonia when she was 10 years old . Her mother , Augusta , was a composer who had scoliosis . After graduating from high school in Ann Arbor , Michigan , in 1942 Hoff found work as a metal presser in the " American Broach & Machine Co . " of Ann Arbor . ( As men started enlisting and being drafted into military service for World War II , women began to support the war effort by taking on roles , including factory work , that were formerly considered " male only . " ) Because she was a cello player , Hoff feared a hand injury from the metal pressing machines and so she left the factory after having worked a couple of weeks . During the brief time she worked there a United Press International photographer took a picture of her . That image — re - imagined by graphic artist J . Howard Miller while working for the Westinghouse Company ' s War Production Coordinating Committee — may have become the basis for the poster Miller created during a Westinghouse anti - absenteeism and anti - strike campaign . Soon after quitting work as a metal presser , Geraldine Hoff met and married dentist Leo Doyle in 1943 . The couple had six children ( a son , Gary , died in 1980 ) and remained married until his death in February 2010 . Because the " We Can Do It ! " poster was created for an internal Westinghouse project , it did not become widely known until the 1980s , when it began to be used by advocates of women ' s equality in the workplace . Doyle did not know she may have been the model for " We Can Do It ! " until 1984 , when she came across an article in " Modern Maturity " magazine which linked a photo of her to the poster , which she had not seen before . The original UPI photograph was used as the cover image for the Time - Life book " The Patriotic Tide : 1940 - 1950 " published in 1986 . The Rosie the Riveter character , based on Doyle and other World War II - era women who worked in factories to support the war effort , remains an icon and appeared on a 1999 postage stamp as part of a World War II series produced by the U . S . Postal Service . Death . Geraldine Hoff Doyle died on December 26 , 2010 in Lansing , Michigan , as a result of complications from severe arthritis , aged 86 . She was survived by her five children , eighteen grandchildren and twenty - five great - grandchildren .
Escadrille 12 Escadrille 12 of the French Air Force was formed in 1912 and equipped initially with " Nieuport " two - seater aircraft ; hence its original designation as " Escadrille N12 " . It took the Nieuports into World War I , but re - equipped with " Morane - Saulnier L " monoplanes on 28 February 1915 . In accordance with French custom , it was renamed " Escadrille MS12 " . By this time , the unit was assigned to V Armee of the French ground forces . In September 1915 , the " escadrille " re - equipped once again , with " Nieuport 11 s " , and it once again became " Escadrille N12 " . In subsequent months , it would also acquire " Nieuport 12 s " , " Nieuport 16 s " , and " Nieuport 17 s " . On 8 July 1916 , it was cited in orders . It moved to a new assignment with II Armee on 5 October 1916 . On 1 November 1916 , it was one of four " escadrilles " consolidated into " Groupe de Combat 11 " , the other Nieuport " escadrilles " being " Escadrilles N31 , " N48 " , and " N57 " . As a component of " GC 11 " , the " escadrille " was reassigned to V Armee in April 1917 . In July , " GC 11 " moved to 1er Armee in Flanders . On 16 September 1917 , it was transferred to VI Armee . In December , it upgraded to " SPAD s " and thus became " Escadrille Spa12 " . " Groupe de Combat 11 " joined " Groupe de Combat 13 " and " Groupe de Combat 17 " to form " Escadre de Combat No . 2 " on 27 February 1918 . In turn , " Escadre de Combat No . 2 " was subsumed into the " 1er Division Aerienne " on 14 May 1918 . On 16 May 1918 , " Escadrille Spa12 " was cited by General Philippe Pétain for its prowess in destroying 34 enemy aircraft and two observation balloon s . On 28 May 1918 , " GC II " was detached from " Escadre de Combat No . 2 " and assigned to support VI Armee and V Armee . On 23 September 1918 , " GC 11 " was moved to IV Armee . They made their final move on 6 November , to VIII Armee . When the war ended five days later , " Escadrille Spa12 " had been credited with victories over 43 enemy aircraft and seven observation balloons . The heritage of the " escadrille " continues in the present day French air force ; it is represented by the middle stork on the EC 1 / 2 Squadron emblem .
1st Cavalry Brigade ( Australia ) The 1st Australian Cavalry Brigade was a formation of the Australian Army during World War II . The brigade was formed in September 1939 , and did not see any active service The brigade was converted into the 1st Motor Brigade in April 1942 . Brigade units . All units that served with the brigade during the war .
Norrbotten Brigade Norrbottensbrigaden ( Norrbotten Brigade ) , also IB 19 , NB 19 or MekB 19 , was a Swedish Army armoured brigade located in the province of Norrbotten . Most of the brigade was trained at Norrbottens regiment ( I 19 ) in Boden . History . Norrbotten Brigade was originally an infantry brigade which in 1964 became the second of a total of five brigades , which were reorganized into arctic brigade . In 1994 came the next big organisational change within the brigade when it along with the regiment ( I 19 / P 5 ) formed the Norrlandsmekaniseradbrigad ( MekB 19 ) . The brigade did to consist of two tank battalions equipped with Leopard 2 s and Combat Vehicle 90 s , and two mechanized battalions equipped with CV90 . The brigade decommissioned in 2000 as part of the army ' s downsizing .
103rd Armor Regiment ( United States ) The 103rd Armor Regiment is an armored regiment in the Pennsylvania National Guard first formed in 1941 . Its legacy unit , 3rd Battalion , 103rd Armor , is a subordinate command of the 55th Heavy Brigade Combat Team , 28th Infantry Division . Lineage . Constituted 3 December 1941 in the Army of the United States as the 628th Tank Destroyer Battalion Activated 15 December 1941 at Indiantown Gap Military Reservation , Pennsylvania Allotted 7 March 1942 to the Pennsylvania National Guard Inactivated 14 November 1945 at Camp Myles Standish , Massachusetts Redesignated 24 May 1946 as the 628th Tank Battalion Organized and Federally recognized 2 May 1949 as the 628th Heavy Tank Battalion , with Headquarters at Johnstown , and assigned to the 28th Infantry Division Ordered into active Federal service 5 September 1950 at Johnstown Reorganized and redesignated 20 September 1950 as the 628th Tank Battalion Released from active Federal service 15 June 1954 and reverted to state control ; Federal recognition concurrently withdrawn from the 628th Tank Battalion ( NGUS ) Consolidated 1 June 1959 with elements of the 110th Infantry and the 108th and 166th Field Artillery Battalions to form the 103d Armor , a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System , to consist of the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron and the 2d Medium Tank Battalion , elements of the 28th Infantry Division Reorganized 1 May 1962 to consist of the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron and the 2d Medium Tank Battalion , elements of the 28th Infantry Division , and the 3d Medium Tank Battalion Reorganized 1 April 1963 to consist of the 1st and 2d Battalions , elements of the 28th Infantry Division , and the 3d Medium Tank Battalion Reorganized 24 March 1964 to consist of the 1st and 2d Battalions , elements of the 28th Infantry Division , and the 3d Battalion Reorganized 17 February 1968 to consist of the 1st Battalion , an element of the 28th Infantry Division , and the 3d Battalion Reorganized 1 January 1976 to consist of the 1st Battalion , an element of the 28th Infantry Division Withdrawn 5 April 1988 from the Combat Arms Regimental System and reorganized under the United States Army Regimental System Reorganized 1 March 1992 to consist of the 1st and 2d Battalions , elements of the 28th Infantry Division Reorganized 1 October 1995 to consist of the 1st , 2d , and 3d Battalions , elements of the 28th Infantry Division Redesignated 1 October 2005 as the 103d Armored Regiment Reorganized 1 September 2007 to consist of the 3d Battalion , an element of the 55th Brigade Combat Team , 28th Infantry Division Ordered into active Federal service 3 December 2007 at home stations ; released from active Federal service 5 January 2009 and reverted to state control Decorations . 3d Bn . Headquarters Company , and Company A , 3d Battalion , additionally entitled to : Company A , 3d Battalion , additionally entitled to : Company C , 3d Battalion , additionally entitled to : Company D , 3d Battalion , additionally entitled to :