naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Peter Abbott Admiral Sir Peter Charles Abbott , ( 12 February 1942 ) is a former Vice - Chief of the Defence Staff . Early life . Abbott was born on 12 February 1942 . He was educated at Queens ' College , Cambridge . Military career . Abbott was commissioned into the Royal Navy in 1964 . He commanded the minesweeper , HMS " Chawton " , from 1972 to 1975 and then joined the staff of the Senior Naval Officer in the West Indies . He commanded the frigate , HMS " Ambuscade " , from 1976 to 1980 when he was made second - in - command of the aircraft carrier , HMS " Bulwark " . He was the Chief of Defence Staff ' s briefer during the Falklands War in 1982 . He then commanded the frigate , HMS " Ajax " and the First Frigate Squadron from 1983 to 1985 . He became Director of Navy Plans in 1985 and , having been promoted to Rear Admiral , he was appointed Flag Officer Second Flotilla in 1989 . He was made Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff in 1991 and , having been promoted to Vice Admiral , was appointed Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic in 1993 . He became Commander - in - Chief Fleet and promoted to Admiral in 1995 and Vice - Chief of the Defence Staff in 1997 . In retirement he was made Chairman of the Trustees of the Royal Naval Museum . He is also President of MSSC , governing charity of the Marine Society and the Sea Cadets .
SS Meriwether Lewis The SS " Meriwether Lewis " ( Hull Number 170 ) was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II . She was named after Meriwether Lewis , an American explorer who , along with William Clark , led the Corps of Discovery which explored the American West . The ship was laid down on 19 May 1941 , then launched on 19 October 1941 . She was part of a convoy on the way to Great Britain and carried a cargo of ammunition and tires when she was torpedoed by U - 634 in the North Atlantic Ocean on 3 March 1943 at position . There were no survivors from her crew of 72 men .
Alma Allen Alma Allen ( Member of Nazi resistance , Danish ) was a member of the Danish Resistance against the Nazi s in World War II in the early 1940s . She personally led men and women on a dozen missions against the Nazis . She eventually joined British intelligence .
Global Rocket 1 The Global Rocket 1 ( GR - 1 ) was a Fractional Orbital Bombardment System ( FOBS ) intercontinental ballistic missile ( ICBM ) developed but not deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War . The system also was given the NATO reporting name SS - X - 10 Scrag , and carried a Soviet industry designation of 8K713 . Development . In 1961 , faced with the prospect of development in the United States of an anti - ballistic missile ( ABM ) system to intercept conventional ICBMs , the Soviet Union began development of a fractional orbital bombardment system ( FOBS ) to defeat these interceptors . The concept was to include launching a missile into orbit ( 150 km ) , from where a warhead could be dropped to its targets in a non - ballistic manner , and without giving away its target until final descent . Three Soviet design centers developed proposals for the system , with OKB - 1 ( S . P . Korolev ) proposing the Global Rocket 1 . The GR - 1 was a liquid cryogenic propellant fuelled rocket which was intended to utilize the launch pads of the R - 9 Desna which was being phased out of service . The project was cancelled in 1964 citing engine delays , a fate which became permanent for all of the FOBS designs with the signing of the Anti - Ballistic Missile Treaty which removed the need for such a weapon .
Werner Endell Werner Endell ( 5 March 1894 – 23 December 1985 ) was a Kapitän zur See with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Freiwilliges Feldjäger - Korps von Schmidt Freiwilliges Feldjäger - Korps von Schmidt ( ) was a group of Prussian volunteer infantrymen that formed in late 1813 when the Grand Duchy of Baden joined the cause of the Allies after the Battle of Leipzig . Most of the men were students of the university of Heidelberg . It was founded on the initiative of a former Prussian officer , August v . Göckel , who until 1807 had been a Sekonde - Lieutenant in the Prussian " Feldjäger - Regiment " ( ) . In mid November 1813 , v . Göckel , who had been severely injured by falling off his horse , had to resign , and handed the command over to Frohwalt von Schmidt , a student from the Lower Rhine , who henceforth was to lend his name to the corps . In contrast to the Baden " Freiwilliges Jägerkorps zu Pferd " ( ) , the " Schmidtschen Feldjäger " ( ) , as they were also called , did not receive official recognition by the Grand Duke of Baden . Thus these volunteers who equipped and armed themselves , had to provide for their own supplies as well , which caused them to be accused at times as plunderers without discipline . However , their proven value in combat and the diplomatic skills of von Schmidt always regained them the goodwill of their superiors . The corps rose to a strength of 43 volunteers , and on 17 December 1813 attached itself to the volunteer detachment of the Fusilier battalion of the Prussian " 1 . Garde - Regiment zu Fuß " ( 1st Foot Guards ) , in whose ranks it took part in the 1814 winter campaign in France . Having been reduced to 22 men , due to losses in combat and through illness , it also saw action in the Battle of Paris on 30 March 1814 . In mid May 1814 , the corps was dissolved , and the volunteers returned home or to Heidelberg . Uniforms and Equipment . The volunteers had dark green double breasted coats with red collars and cuffs . They wore showy pale blue trousers , decorated on the front with black knots in the Hungarian style . They wore black leather boots and their belts were coated with black wax . The corps was equipped with privately purchased rifles of different calibers . In December 1813 , the Baden cockade was replaced with the Prussian one .
Robert F . Foley Robert Franklin Foley ( born May 30 , 1941 ) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served in the Vietnam War . Born in Newton , Massachusetts , he received the Medal of Honor for leading his unit , Company A , 2d Battalion , 27th Infantry , 25th Infantry Division , in an assault on a strong enemy position on November 5 , 1966 . He was awarded the Medal of Honor along with Sergeant John F . Baker , Jr . , who earned his own medal in the same battle . Biography . Foley is a 1963 graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point and was commissioned an infantry officer . He has held numerous command and staff positions throughout 37 years of active service . He has a Master of Business Administration from Fairleigh Dickinson University . Foley ' s command positions include company commander with the 25th Infantry Division in Vietnam and battalion and brigade command with the 3rd Infantry Division in Germany . He served as chief of staff for the 7th Infantry Division ( Light ) , Fort Ord , California ; executive officer to the assistant secretary of the army for manpower and reserve affairs ; assistant division commander , 2nd Infantry Division , commandant of cadets , United States Military Academy , West Point , New York ; deputy commanding general , Second US Army , Fort Gillem , GA ; commanding general , US Army Military District of Washington ; and commanding general , Fifth US Army , Fort Sam Houston , Texas . Foley ' s awards for peacetime and combat include the Medal of Honor , two Distinguished Service Medal s , the Defense Superior Service Medal , six Legions of Merit , five Meritorious Service Medals , the Bronze Star Medal , the Purple Heart and the Combat Infantryman ' s Badge . He was also awarded the Parachutist Badge and the Ranger Tab . After his retirement , he served as president of Marion Military Institute ( MMI ) in Marion , Alabama . until his resignation at the end of academic year 2003 - 2004 . During his tenure at MMI , the school saw tremendous growth and recognition in Alabama , and across the United States . On October 1 , 2005 General Foley became the eighth director of Army Emergency Relief . Medal of Honor citation . Captain Foley ' s Medal of Honor citation reads :
Edward Wright ( Medal of Honor ) Edward Wright ( 1829 – February 17 , 1901 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip . Born in 1829 in New York City , Wright was still living in the state of New York when he joined the Navy . He served during the Civil War as a quartermaster on the . At the Battle of Forts Jackson and St . Philip near New Orleans on April 24 , 1862 , he " conscientiously performed his duties throughout the action " . For his part in the battle , he was awarded the Medal of Honor a year later on April 3 , 1863 . Wright ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Cayuga " during the capture of Forts St . Philip and Jackson and the taking of New Orleans , 24 and 25 April 1862 . As his ship led the advance column toward the barrier and both forts opened fire simultaneously , striking the vessel from stem to stern Wright conscientiously performed his duties throughout the action in which attempts by 3 rebel steamers to butt and board were repelled , and the ships driven off or forced to surrender . Eleven gunboats were successfully engaged and the enemy garrisons captured during this battle in which the " Cayuga " sustained 46 hits . Wright died on February 17 , 1901 , at age 71 or 72 and was buried in Kew Gardens , Queens , in his home of New York City .
Harold W . Roberts Harold W . Roberts ( October 14 , 1895 – October 6 , 1918 ) was a United States Army Corporal and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions in World War I . Camp Roberts , California was named after him . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , U . S . Army Company A , 344th Battalion , Tank Corps . Place and date : In the Montrebeau Woods France 4 October 1918 . Entered service at : San Francisco , Calif . Birth : San Francisco , Calif . G . O . No . : 16 , W . D . , 1919 . Citation : Cpl . Roberts , a tank driver , was moving his tank into a clump of bushes to afford protection to another tank which had become disabled . The tank slid into a shell hole , 10 feet deep , filled with water , and was immediately submerged . Knowing that only 1 of the 2 men in the tank could escape , Cpl . Roberts said to the gunner , " Well , only one of us can get out , and out you go , " whereupon he pushed his companion through the back door of the tank and was himself drowned .
8mm Roth - Steyr The 8 mm Roth - Steyr is a military centerfire pistol cartridge adopted by the Austro - Hungarian cavalry in 1907 for the " Repetierpistole " M7 — the first self - loading pistol adopted by a major military power . The cartridge headspaces on the mouth of the case . Ammunition was typically packaged in a unique ten - round charger . Austrian military production contained greased un - plated steel jacketed bullets . A few private firms in Austria manufactured ammunition with cupro - nickel jacketed bullets . Reloadable cartridge cases can be produced by resizing and trimming . 30 " M - 1 carbine brass .
T - 4 Atomic Demolition Munition The T4 Atomic Demolition Munitions ( ADM ) were modified versions of the W9 nuclear artillery shells . History . The T4 was produced in 1957 from recycled W9 fissile components and was in service until 1963 , when it was replaced with W30 Tactical Atomic Demolition Munition s and W45 Medium Atomic Demolition Munition s . The T4 and W9 are gun type uranium nuclear bombs ( see Nuclear weapon design for more details ) . Few details on the T4 variant have been officially released , but the W9 11 inch artillery shell was in diameter , long , and weighed either 803 or 850 pounds . Media coverage . An article in the mid - 1990s in " Soldier of Fortune " magazine by a former US Navy Underwater Demolition Team member described the T4 ADM without naming it . The description was moderately detailed , including that the T4 was assembled out of a number of separate components : These five components would be assembled by first transporting all five components to the target area , then loading the three uranium rings into the base assembly , then screwing the gun barrel assembly into the base . According to the article , two combination locks with different combinations were then activated by different team members , then the weapon could be armed and the timer set . Each component was reportedly heavy enough that it was a full load for one team member . Reportedly , a major operational issue with planned usage of the T4 was that the success rate of parachuting five team members into hostile territory at sea with a heavy load and having them all land close together , uninjured , and able to complete transporting the weapon components and assembling it was highly unreliable . Several practice exercises failed to complete when one or more team members landed too far away or were injured . Future ADM units were single - component and while they might require several people ' s codes to arm , were a single physical unit which did not need field assembly .
Battle of Coronate The Battle of Boners took place in 689 , after King Cunicpert returned from exile and ousted Alahis , Usurper King and Duke of Trent , from the capital Pavia . Duke Alahis , fled towards the east , into Austria . There he asssembled an army to march against the king . Within the same year , Alahis crossed the River Adda , the border between Neustria and Austria , and faced Cunincpert in the plain of Coronate . Wishing to spare the Lombard blood of so many , Cunincpert offered Alahis , to engage him in single combat . But Alahis refused and both camps prepared for battle . Fearing for Cunincpert s life , a deacon named Seno begged the king to lend him his armor , so that he , the deacon , appeared to be the king and distract all troubles from Cunincpert . Finally , Cunincpert agreed to that plan and battle was joined . < BR > Once Alahis spotted the supposed king , he charged and killed him . When Alahis was about to take off the helmet , and present to his troops the dead king , he realised that he had only slain a cleric . In fury , Alahis swore a horrible oath , as Paul the Deacon recorded : Cunincpert s men were horrorfied by the news that the King had been killed . But Cunincpert assured them all that he was alive and well . Again the two hosts drew together for the battle , and again Cunincpert renewed his offer to settle the quarrel by single combat and spare the lives of the people . But Alahis again refused to accept the challenge , this time alleging that he saw among the standards of his rival the image of the Archangel Michael . The trumpets sounded again for the charge , neither side gave way to the other , a terrible slaughter was made of Lombard warriors . But at length Alahis fell , and the victory remained with King Cunincpert . Great was the slaughter among the fleeing troops of Alahis , and those who were not killed by the sword , drowned in the River Adda . The head and legs of Alahis were cut off , leaving only his trunk . The body of the brave deacon Seno , however , was buried by the king ’ s order before the gates of the church of St . John . Cunincpert returned to Pavia in great triumph and in aftertime he reared a monastery in honor of St . George the Martyr on the battlefield of Coronate in memory of his victory .
Firestone XR - 9 The Firestone XR - 9 , also known by the company designation Model 45 , was a 1940s American experimental helicopter built by the Firestone Aircraft Company for the United States Army Air Forces . Only two ( the military XR - 9B and one civil example ) were built . Development . Originally developed by G & A Aircraft with the co - operation of the United States Army Air Forces ' Air Technical Service Command , the G & A Model 45B ( designated XR - 9 " Rotocycle " by the Army ) was a design for a single - seat helicopter of pod - and - boom configuration . It had a fixed tri - cycle landing gear and three - bladed main and tail rotors . Power would have been supplied by a 126 hp ( 94 kW ) Avco Lycoming XO - 290 - 5 engine . The Model 45C ( XR - 9A ) was the same helicopter with a two - bladed rotor . Neither of the two helicopters were built . G & A Aircraft was purchased by Firestone in 1943 , and was renamed the Firestone Aircraft Company in 1946 . A revised two - seat design the revised Model 45C ( or XR - 9B ) was built with a three - bladed main rotor and two - seat in tandem . The first aircraft procured by the Army Air Forces in 1946 , it was powered by an Avco Lycoming O - 290 - 7 engine and first flew in March of that year . A civil version , the Model 45D was also built and flown , in anticipation of a postwar boom in aircraft sales . This differed in having the two occupants side - by - side instead of Tandem as in the 45C , and was equipped with a Lycoming engine . The prototype was demonstrated at the 1946 Cleveland National Air Races . A four - seat Model 50 , with twin tail rotors , was also projected , but the predicted sales boom did not materialise , and Firestone closed its aircraft manufacturing division .
6th Regiment West Virginia Infantry The 6th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 6th West Virginia was mustered into Federal service on August 13 , 1861 , at Grafton , Mannington , Cairo , Parkersburg and Wheeling , in western Virginia . The regiment spent most of its service guard the Baltimore & Ohio railroad line , fighting numerous small skirmishes against Confederate raiders and bushwhacker s . The regiment was mustered out of Federal service on June 10 , 1865 . Future Nebraska Congressman George Washington Emery Dorsey was a major in the 6th West Virginia . Casualties . The 6th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment suffered 8 enlisted men killed or fatally wounded in battle and 2 officers and 167 enlisted men dead from disease , for a total of 177 fatalities .
Castello Normanno ( Paternò ) The Castello Normanno ( " Norman Castle " ) is a castle in Paternò , Sicily , southern Italy . History . The castle was built in 1072 by Count Roger I of Sicily to protect the Simeto valley from Islamic raids . The first nucleus of the fortress was soon enlarged , and it subsequently lost its original military functions . Under Henry VI it was made the seat of the Count of Paternò , assigned to his fellow Swabian Bartholomew of Luci . Later the castle housed kings and queens , such as Henry ' s son Emperor Frederick II , Eleanor of Anjou and Blanche I of Navarre , as the castle had been included in the so - called " Camera Reginale " estates ( " Queen ' s Chamber " ) by King Frederick III of Sicily . The Chamber was abolished in the 15th century , and in 1431 the castle was acquired by the Special family ; until 1456 it was owned by the Moncada . Used as a jail , in the following centuries it became increasingly decayed , until restorations work begun in the 19th century brought it back to its ancient prominence . Description . The castle has a rectangular plan , on three floors , with a height of 34 m . Originally , it had Ghibelline - style merlon s , of which today only remains can be seen . Notable is the colour effect created by the dark shade of the stones and the frames of the Gothic - style mullioned window s , in white limestone . The first - storey houses several service chambers and the Chapel of St . John , decorated with precious 13th - century frescoes . The piano nobile houses a large Weapons Hall . The king ' s residence was located in the upper floor .
François Goullus François Goullus , was a brigadier general and " baron " of the First French Empire during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars . Biography . Francois Goullus was born 4 November 1758 in Lyon ( Rhone ) , entered service as a soldier 28 October 1776 in the regiment of the Crown ( 45th Infantry ) , and was successively promoted to corporal on 1 December 1778 , sergeant on 28 November 1779 , Staff Sergeant on 22 June 1787 , and Warrant officer on 24 December 1789 . He received a second lieutenant ' s commission on 15 September 1791 , was immediately promoted to first lieutenant and obtained the rank of captain 26 September 1792 . The firmness with which he defended the passage of the Suippe against the Black Legion attracted the attention of the commander , who appointed him lieutenant colonel on 30 October 1792 . At Battle of Jemmapes he commanded the 2nd Battalion of the 45th Regiment , almost entirely composed of recruits . After the Siege of Namur , which he had helped to organize , Goullus had the command of the city and its castle . In 1799 , as part of the Army of the Danube , he crossed the Rhine near Basel . After the Battle of Ostrach , Goulus supported the retreat of part of the army from Pfullendorf . Later , he orchestrated a complicated crossing of the " Oberhin " , the High Rhine , by the convent of Paradies , and took the village of Buzingen at bayonet point . He also participated in the second Battle of Stockach on 3 May 1800 , the Battle of Messkirch of 5 May 1800 , and the Battle of Memmingen on 10 May 1800 , where he was wounded by gunshot that went through his right cheek . After the peace in 1801 , he was assigned command in Styria , and then in the Haute - Garonne ( 10 military division ) . He was created " Baron of the Empire " in 1809 . He returned to France on leave May 15 , 1810 , and was appointed commander of weapons in Amsterdam January 2 , 1811 . In June of that year , he applied for admission to the Order of the Golden Fleece . He retired on 24 February 1814 , General Goullus was named Knight of the Order of Saint Louis on 20 August and died in Brie ( Ariège ) 7 September of that year . " This article also incorporates text from the French Wikipedia . "
Weerodara Vibhushanaya The Weerodara Vibhushanaya ( Heroism Decoration ) ( Sinhala : ) medal and bar are the second highest Sri Lankan military decoration that is presented to soldiers and civilians as a reward for their individual acts of gallantry and prominent bravery of a most exceptional order performed which is of a non military nature of their own accord without any regard to the threat to his own life and security with the prime intention of saving or safeguarding the life or lives of a person or persons imperiled by death or for an extremely commendable act or a series of acts of human nature of an outstanding order shown in saving life from drowning , fire and rescue operations in mines , floods and similar calamities under circumstances of Grave Bodily Injury or great danger to the life of the rescuer . The degree of courage and promptitude shown will be taken into concern . Weerodara Vibhushanaya is also equivalent to British George Cross and the Indian Ashoka Chakra Award . How the medal is awarded . The medal is awarded to all ranks of the tri forces ( Regular / Volunteer ) and civilians , for their individual acts of gallantry which are of non military nature and for commendable acts of humane nature . The decoration will be presented by His / Her Excellency the President . Recipient of the decoration will be eligible to use the post - nominal letters " WV " after his name .