naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Frederick Augustus Irving Frederick Augustus Irving ( September 3 , 1894 – September 12 , 1995 ) was an US Army major general who served as superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point from 1951 - 1954 . Irving was a West Point graduate of the class of 1917 , and during the First World War he took part in the St . Mihiel offensive in France . He was wounded during battle and subsequently received the Silver Star for " leading his company through heavy artillery and machine gun fire . " Irving was also active during World War II , leading the 24th Infantry Division during the invasions of Hollandia , New Guinea and Leyte in the Philippines . He was commandant of cadets at West Point from 1941 - 1942 . Irving ' s service in the American military extended thirty - seven years , and he retired from service in 1954 . He died in 1995 of congestive heart failure at Mount Vernon Hospital in Alexandria , Virginia . He was 101 .
Wallgrove Aerodrome Wallgrove Aerodrome was a Royal Australian Air Force satellite and emergency airfield at Doonside , New South Wales , Australia during World War II . The aerodrome was built in 1942 and the runway was 5000 ft ( 1524m ) long and 150 ft ( 45 . 72m ) wide running NW - SW . After World War II the aerodrome was closed in 1946 and reverted to farmland . A number of former revetment s are still in existence and the runway can still be located . An industrial area has been built over the southern end of the aerodrome .
Charles Foulkes ( British Army officer ) Major - General Charles Howard Foulkes ( 1 February 1875 – 6 May 1969 ) was a Royal Engineers officer in the British Army and also a British international field hockey player who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics in the bronze medal - winning team . He saw service in World War I and , following the first German use of gas on 22 April 1915 at the Second Battle of Ypres , became Britain ' s chief advisor on gas warfare . He also advised on the use of gas to suppress the uprisings in Afghanistan ( 1919 ) and Waziristan ( 1920 ) , but gas was never actually deployed in these conflicts . Military career . Foulkes was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in 1894 and served in the Second Boer War . He became Assistant Commissioner for the Anglo - French Boundary Commission in the East of Niger in 1902 and , after taking part in the Kano - Sokoto expedition which brought the Emirs in Nigeria under British control in 1903 , he became Commander of the Ordnance Survey of Scotland in 1904 . He was a member of the bronze medal - winning team for the field hockey in the 1908 Summer Olympics . He went on to be Commander of 31st ( Fortress ) Company in Ceylon in 1909 and Commander of ' L ' Company at the Royal Engineers Depot in Chatham in 1913 . Foulkes served in World War I as Commander of 11th ( Field ) Company , taking part in the First Battle of Ypres in 1914 before becoming Britain ' s chief advisor on gas warfare in 1915 and General Officer Commanding the Special Brigade responsible for Chemical Warfare and Director of Gas Services in 1917 . He advised on the use of gas to suppress the uprisings in Afghanistan in 1919 and Waziristan in 1920 , although gas was never actually deployed in these conflicts , before becoming Commander Royal Engineers in Fermoy and Director of Irish Propaganda in 1921 . He went on to be Commander , Royal Engineers in Northumbria in 1922 , Deputy Chief Engineer at Southern Command in 1924 and Chief Engineer at Aldershot Command in 1926 before retiring in 1930 .
Battle of Ujjain The Battle of Ujjain took place on 4 July 1801 near Ujjain between the rival factions of the Maratha Confederacy . In July 1801 , Maharaja Yashwantrao Holkar attacked Sindhia ' s capital Ujjain , and after defeating Sindhia ’ s army led by John Hessing , extorted a large sum from its inhabitants , but did not ravage the town . In this war nearly 3 , 000 soldiers of sindhia ’ s army were killed . The Holkar ’ s victory was an embarrassing defeat for the Sindhia .
USS Hoyt ( 1863 ) USS " Hoyt " ( 1863 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy for various tasks , including those of a torpedo boat . " Hoyt " , a former merchant tug " Luke Hoyt " , built at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , in 1863 , was acquired 1 July 1864 . Fitting out as a torpedo boat . " Hoyt " and steam tugs and , fitted with spar torpedo es , were dispatched by Rear Admiral Samuel Phillips Lee to join Union Naval Forces in the rivers and sounds of North Carolina . These torpedo boats were intended as counter - weapons against much - feared Confederate rams rumored to be building up the Roanoke River . Admiral Lee described their armament : North Carolina operations . " Hoyt " took station at New Berne , North Carolina , waiting for combat opportunity that never came . Post - war decommissioning and sale . She steamed north late in May 1865 , and was sold 10 August 1865 at Philadelphia . Notes on torpedo warfare during the American Civil War . " Hoyt " was a part of the small beginning of a most serious weapon in the 20th century . The Confederacy had first pointed the way to moderate success of torpedo warfare in the Civil War when a similarly - armed " David " damaged the . Union blockaders were much alarmed in February 1864 when the hand - powered submarine " H . L . Hunley " , armed with a spar torpedo , sank the steam sloop - of - war . The importance of torpedo warfare was further underscored the night of 27 – 28 October 1864 , when Lieutenant Cushing and a crew of 14 sank the ironclad ram " CSS Albemarle " with an improvised torpedo boat . These pioneers cast a shadow far ahead toward the enormous underseas combat capabilities of the 20th century .
Albatros D . VI Albatros D . VI was the designation given to a prototype single - seat twin - boom pusher biplane built in 1917 in Germany . It was armed with an 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) LMG 08 / 15 machine gun and a fixed 20 mm Becker cannon . The aircraft ' s undercarriage was damaged on landing from its maiden flight in February 1918 and was never repaired , the project being abandoned in May of that year due to other projects of higher priority . The 130 kW ( 180 hp ) Mercedes D . III a engine was eventually removed for use in a different aircraft .
James Oscar Green , Jr . James Oscar Green , Jr . was an officer in the United States Army during World War I . He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his actions during the Battle of Château - Thierry ( 1918 ) . His award citation reads : " The President of the United States of America , authorized by Act of Congress , July 9 , 1918 , takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Captain ( Infantry ) James Oscar Green , Jr . , United States Army , for extraordinary heroism in action while serving with 23d Infantry Regiment , 2d Division , A . E . F . , near Chateau - Thierry , France , 6 June 1918 . After two platoons under his command had been practically wiped out , Captain Green continued forward to his objective with two enlisted men and remained throughout the night under heavy fire in hope of keeping the ground gained until reinforcement came up . " Green was born in Hillsdale , Michigan , his home of record was Whitewater , Wisconsin . He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1917 . Green died on December 13 , 1937 .
Bada ( air base ) Bada ( also given as Bata ) is an air base in Russia located 3 km north - east of Bada in Zabaykalsky Krai . There are several clusters of remote revetments for fighter aircraft , and large tarmac . Forward aviation base . Station history . Units known to have served here include the 21 BAP ( 21st Bomber Aviation Regiment ) flying Su - 24 aircraft and 313 BAP ( 313rd Bomber Aviation Regiment ) flying Su - 24 MR aircraft . As of 2010 there were approximately 21 of the 30 assigned Su - 24s operational . The base also houses a long range radar installation equipped with the P - 14 " Tall King " 2D VHF radar ( possibly the 5Н84A " Oborona - 14 " Tall King C ) mobile version for early warning .
Ministry of Defence ( Rwanda ) The Rwandan Ministry of Defence ( MINADEF , , ) is in charge of the Rwandan Defence Forces . The Minister of Defence , a member of the Council of Ministers of Rwanda responsible to the government for defence policy , the conduct and implementation of defence programmes , is James Kabarebe since 2010 . Jacques Nziza is Permanent Secretary . Charles Kayonga is Chief of Defence Staff . The ministry works closely with the Rwandan government on policy and tactical - level national security programs .
USS Renshaw ( DD - 176 ) The second USS " Renshaw " ( DD – 176 ) was a in the United States Navy following World War I . She was named for William B . Renshaw . History . " Renshaw " was laid down 8 May 1918 by the Union Iron Works , San Francisco , California ; launched 21 September 1918 ; sponsored by Mrs . Frank Johnson ; and commissioned 31 July 1919 , LCDR R . A . Hall in command . " Renshaw " was assigned to the Destroyer Force , Pacific Fleet . She joined the Fleet in Monterey Bay , and passed in review for the Secretary of the Navy who observed the Fleet from . " Renshaw " departed San Francisco 16 September for her base of operations , San Diego , where she arrived on the 20th . Her brief service was none too active , since small appropriations limited most units of the Fleet to routine target practice and engineering competition . The destroyer participated in exercises off the California coast , performed patrol and dispatch duty , transported prisoners , and made one training cruise with naval reservists out of Portland , Oregon . " Renshaw " cruised to Hawaii from 25 March to 28 April 1920 , with Destroyer Flotilla 11 , to conduct a thorough reconnaissance of the islands with a view toward establishing an operating base for the Fleet . During the period from 16 December 1920 to 4 April 1921 , the ship was at the Puget Sound Navy Yard for overhaul , returning to base on 8 April to rejoin the Destroyer Force . In January 1922 " Renshaw " calibrated radio compasses for the 12th Naval District . She returned to San Diego 28 January and remained moored , except for a brief trip to San Pedro 20 – 24 February , until decommissioned 27 May 1922 . The destroyer was laid up at San Diego until disposed of in 1936 in accordance with the London Naval Treaty for the limitation and reduction of naval armament . She was struck from the Navy list 19 May 1936 , sold 29 September to Schiavone Bonomo Corporation , and reduced to a hulk 2 December 1936 .
Edmund Haffee Edmund Haffee ( 1832 – unknown ) was a sailor in the U . S . Navy during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Second Battle of Fort Fisher on January 15 , 1865 . Military service . Haffee enlisted for a three - year term in the US Navy in August 1862 , and was assigned to the Union ironclad . His enlistment is credited to the state of Pennsylvania . On January 15 , 1865 , the North Carolina Confederate stronghold of Fort Fisher was taken by a combined Union storming party of sailors , marines , and soldiers under the command of Admiral David Dixon Porter and General Alfred Terry . Medal of Honor citation . The President of the United States of America , in the name of Congress , takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Quarter Gunner Edmund Haffee , United States Navy , for extraordinary heroism in action while serving on board the U . S . S . New Ironsides during action in several attacks on Fort Fisher , North Carolina , 24 and 25 December 1864 ; and 13 , 14 , and 15 January 1865 . The ship steamed in and took the lead in the ironclad division close inshore , and immediately opened its starboard battery in a barrage of well - directed fire to cause several fires and explosions and dismount several guns during the first two days of fighting . Taken under fire , as she steamed into position on 13 January , the New Ironsides fought all day and took on ammunition at night despite severe weather conditions . When the enemy came out of his bombproof to defend the fort against the storming party , the ship ' s battery disabled nearly every gun on the fort facing the shore before the cease - fire orders were given by the flagship . General Orders : War Department , General Orders No . 59 ( June 22 , 1865 ) Action Date : December 24 – 25 , 1864 & January 13 – 15 , 1865 Service : Navy Rank : Signal Quarter Gunner Division : U . S . S . New Ironsides
Battle of Alam el Halfa order of battle This is the order of battle for the Battle of Alam el Halfa , a World War II battle between the British Commonwealth and the European Axis Powers Germany and Italy in North Africa between August 30 and September 5 , 1942 . Tanks in use by both sides . " Panzer Armee Afrika " had 34 light and 193 medium tanks , of these 27 tanks were the new Panzer IV F2 with the long - barreled gun 75mm gun . This longer barrelled gun gave the Mark IV superior range than the Allied tanks . The Italian armoured divisions were made up of 243 tanks but these were mostly the obsolete M13 / 40 s . The Allies had 500 that would see action during this battle . 170 of these were M3 Grant ' s , the best tank the allies had access to at this time . The remaining tanks were made up of M3 Stuart ' s , Crusader Mk II cruiser tank s and Valentine infantry tanks .
Château de Taillebourg The Château de Taillebourg is a ruined castle from the medieval era . It is built on a rocky outcrop , overlooking the village of Taillebourg and the valley of the Charente River , in the Charente - Maritime department of France . It commanded a very strategic position and was therefore the focus of much conflict throughout the medieval era . It featured in several episodes of the Hundred Years ' War and the Saintonge War before that . The previous castle on the site was shelter for Louis VII of France and Eleanor of Aquitaine on the day after their wedding , in 1137 . Richard Coeur de Lion destroyed this castle in 1179 . Geoffrey III of Rancon , master of the house , died in this action . In 1173 , Richard had fought against his father in alliance with his brothers and the King of France , Louis . This uprising had failed , and as punishment , Richard was sent to bring the rebellious lords to heel . This conflict lasted five years , ending in the victory of Richard and his destruction of the supposedly impregnable fortress of Taillebourg . This castle was inaccessible on three sides , protected by mountains , and the fourth side was heavily fortified . Richard knew that the overthrow of Taillebourg would lead to the immediate surrender of the barons , and captured the stronghold in his first great military victory . The current castle was the base for Louis IX of France ( Saint Louis ) , as a guest of Geoffrey IV of Rancon , before the Battle of Taillebourg in 1242 . The Château de Taillebourg has today been converted to a public garden , where one can view the machicolation s , the 18th - century battlements and the underground rooms of the old castle . The site ' s geographical position affords a viewpoint of the valley of the Charente .
HMS Squirrel ( 1582 ) HMS " Squirrel " was a discovery vessel launched in 1582 and lost with all hands in 1583 . The " Squirrel " was the ship used in Sir Humphrey Gilbert ' s early 1580s expedition to Newfoundland and the north - eastern coast of North America under the command of Simon Fernandez . The initial aim of the voyage was to reach the area of Narrangansett Bay , which it did before returning to England within three months .
SS - Stabsscharführer SS - Stabsscharführer was a non - commissioned officer title which was used by the " Waffen - SS " between the years of 1938 to 1945 . " SS - Stabsscharführer " was not an actual SS rank , but rather a positional title held by the senior SS - NCO of a company , battalion , or regiment . Typically , those holding the position of " Stabsscharführer " ranked " SS - Oberscharführer " ( OR - 6 ) or " SS - Hauptscharführer " ( OR - 7 ) above . Translated as " staff squad leader " , the position of " SS - Stabsscharführer " was denoted by a special sleeve chevron , worn on the upper right shoulder of the field grey SS uniform . Those holding the function of " SS - Stabsscharführer " had to be addressed " Stabsscharführer " regardless of the actual rank title " Hauptscharführer " , " Oberscharführe " , etc . The position of " Stabsscharführer " is most often considered equivalent to a first sergeant in the militaries of other nations . The position of " SS - Stabsscharführer " was unique to the " Waffen - SS " and was not used by branches of the " Allgemeine - SS " ( general SS ) .
USS LST - 316 USS " LST - 316 " was one of 390 tank landing ships ( LSTs ) built for the United States Navy during World War II . " LST - 316 " was laid down on 15 October 1942 at the New York Navy Yard in Brooklyn , New York ; launched on 28 January 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . Pearl Magdalene Frick ; and commissioned on 3 February 1943 . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 316 " was assigned to the European theater and participated in the Sicilian occupation ( July 1943 ) , Salerno landings ( September 1943 ) , and Invasion of Normandy ( June 1944 ) . Upon her return to the United States , she was decommissioned on 24 May 1945 for conversion to landing craft repair ship USS " Cerberus " ( ARL - 43 ) at New York Navy Yard . The conversion was canceled 12 September 1945 and the ship reverted to " LST - 316 " ; she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 12 March 1946 . On 23 December 1946 she was sold to James Hughes , Inc . of New York , New York for conversion to merchant service . " LST - 316 " earned three battle star s for World War II service .
Flight officer The title Flight Officer is a military rank previously used by the United States and Commonwealth Nations . The term is also used to describe job title positions as aircrew members . Aircrew function . A flight officer is a member of the crew of an aircraft , who is responsible for specific functions . The flight officer may function as the navigator , responsible for planning the journey , advising the pilot while en route , and ensuring that hazards or obstacles are avoided . The flight officer may also be responsible for operating aircraft mission / weapon systems , including mission planning , mission timing , threat reactions , aircraft communications , and hazard avoidance . In the United States Navy and Marine Corps , aircrew members responsible for operating airborne weapon and sensor systems are called Naval Flight Officer s ( NFO ) . Flight officer is also a job title for police officers who serve as pilots in law enforcement aviation units . Military rank . United States Army . Flight Officer was a United States Army Air Forces rank used by the Army Air Forces during World War II , from 1942 to 1945 . The rank is equivalent to Warrant Officer Junior Grade which is today ' s Warrant Officer ( NATO grade : W - 1 ) . Enlisted and aviation cadet trainees who successfully passed air qualification training were appointed as Flight Officers and served as rated pilots , navigators , flight engineers , bombardier s and glider pilots . At the end of World War II , the Army Air Forces discontinued the use of the rank of Flight Officer . All of the service ' s Flight Officers had either been promoted to commissioned officer ranks during the course of the war or discharged . Civil Air Patrol . The rank of Flight Officer was re - instituted by the United States Air Force ' s civilian auxiliary , the Civil Air Patrol ( CAP ) , in the mid - 1980s , replacing the former ranks of Warrant Officer and Chief Warrant Officer , which had been discontinued in the 1970s by the Air Force . CAP senior members between the ages of 18 and 21 are eligible for promotion to the ranks of Flight Officer , Technical Flight Officer and Senior Flight Officer . Requirements for promotion to each grade is generally the same as for promotion to CAP Second Lieutenant , First Lieutenant , and Captain , respectively . Commonwealth nations . Flight Officer was established as a rank equivalent to Flight Lieutenant in the women ' s air services of several Commonwealth nations . The rank was used by the British Women ' s Auxiliary Air Force ( WAAF ) and its successor , the Women ' s Royal Air Force ( WRAF ) , and by the Princess Mary ' s Royal Air Force Nursing Service ( PMRAFNS ) , which remained in service until 1980 . It was also previously used in the Women ' s Royal Australian Air Force , which was absorbed into the Royal Australian Air Force in 1977 .
Focke - Wulf Fw 61 The Focke - Wulf Fw 61 is often considered the first practical , functional helicopter , first flown in 1936 . It was also known as the Fa 61 , as Focke began a new company — Focke Achgelis — after development had begun . Development . Professor Henrich Focke , through his development of the Fw 186 , and through his work on the C . 19 and licence built C . 30 autogyro s , came to the conclusion that the limitations of autogyros could only be eliminated by an aircraft capable of vertical flight , the helicopter . He and engineer Gerd Achgelis started the design for this helicopter in 1932 . A free - flying model , built in 1934 and propelled by a small two - stroke engine , brought the promise of success . Today , the model can be seen in the Deutsches Museum in Munich . On 9 February 1935 , Focke received an order for the building of a prototype , which was designated the Fw 61 , however Focke referred to it as the F 61 . Roluf Lucht of the technical office of the RLM extended the order for a second aircraft on 19 December 1935 . The airframe was based on that of a well - tried training aircraft , the Focke - Wulf Fw 44 " Stieglitz " . Using rotor technology licensed from the Cierva Autogiro Company , a single , radial engine drove twin rotors , set on outriggers to the left and right of the fuselage - the counter - rotation of the two rotors solved the problem of torque - reaction as also shown by Louis Bréguet . The small horizontal - axis propeller directly driven by the engine was purely to provide the necessary airflow to cool the engine during low speed or hovering flight - it provided negligible forward thrust . Only two aircraft were produced . The first prototype , the V 1 D - EBVU , had its first free flight on 26 June 1936 with Ewald Rohlfs at the controls . By spring 1937 , the second prototype , V 2 D - EKRA , was completed and flown for its first flight . On 10 May 1937 , it accomplished its first autorotation landing with the engine turned off . Operational history . In February 1938 , the Fw 61 was demonstrated by Hanna Reitsch indoors at the " Deutschlandhalle " sports stadium in Berlin , Germany . It subsequently set several records for altitude , speed and flight duration culminating , in June 1938 , with an altitude record of 3 , 427 m ( 11 , 243 ft ) , breaking the unofficial 605 meter altitude record of the TsAGI 1 - EA from the Soviet Union set in August 1932 , and a straight line flight record of 230 km ( 143 mi ) . Neither of these machines appear to have survived World War II , however a replica is on display at the Hubschraubermuseum ( helicopter museum ) in Bückeburg , Germany .
Meritorious Unit Citation The Meritorious Unit Citation is a collective group decoration awarded to members of Australian military units . It recognises sustained outstanding service in warlike operations . The Meritorious Unit Citation was created in 1991 , along with the Unit Citation for Gallantry . Description . The insignia of a Meritorious Unit Citation is a rhodium plated sterling silver frame measuring , with a design of flames emanating from the edge to the centre . The frame surrounds a ribbon bar of old gold , which may display a rhodium plated , diameter , sterling silver Federation Star on its centre . Members attached to the unit when the citation is awarded wear it with the Federation Star , and continue to wear this after leaving the unit . Members who subsequently join the unit wear the citation without the Federation Star , and discontinue wearing it after leaving the unit .