naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Semper Gumby Semper Gumby The real Latin phrase meaning " " always flexible " " is " Semper Flexibilis " is an unofficial motto for all U . S . military services Explosive Ordnance Disposal ( EOD ) detachments and later on for Navy Seabees . They have been using it since at least 1985 . It is a play on the official Marine Corps motto " Semper Fidelis " , usually abbreviated " Semper Fi " , which means " " always faithful " " and that of the United States Coast Guard , " Semper Paratus " , meaning " Always Ready " , Navy fast attack submariners , and USCG personnel , " Semper Gumby " , refers to the cartoon character Gumby , means " " always flexible " . " While the first use of Semper Gumby is often assigned to Captain Jay Farmer of HMM - 264 in 1984 who actually flew with a Gumby character toy mounted on the standby Compass on the instrument panel of his CH - 46E nicknamed " Airwolf " , the term was in use in 1977 / 78 in 1st Battalion , 5th Marines at Camp Pendleton . While popular belief has it that the term was first referenced by the 1st Sgt TOW Co . 3rd Tank Battalion 7th Marine Expeditionary Brigade ( " Task Force Ripper " ) prior to deployment of Operation Desert Shield from MCAGCC 29 Palms , Ca . on August 15 , 1990 . " Marines , My platoon commander in Nam used to tell us ' Semper Gumby , Always Flexible ' . " The 3rd Battalion , 11th Marines has " " always flexible " " as part of their official motto . The phrase was also said by Corporal Gabriel ' Gabe ' Garza played by Rey Valentin on the HBO series " Generation Kill " . External links . " Semper Gumby " is also a common phrase used in the field of Emergency Management .
Ouvrage Saint - Roch Ouvrage Saint - Roch is a work ( " gros ouvrage " ) of the Maginot Line ' s Alpine extension , the Alpine Line , also known as the Little Maginot Line . Small for a " gros ouvrages " , the ouvrage consists of one entry block , one artillery block and two observation blocks overlooking Sospel at an altitude of . The position is located just to the southwest of Sospel , its entrance block in a narrow valley and the artillery block on the other side of the ridge overlooking Sospel . The " ouvrage " is laid out along a single line , with the entry block to the rear , immediately followed by the " usine " , with barracks farther along and Blocks 2 and 3 at intervals . The position ' s main armament is concentrated in Block 4 , a massive blockhouse designed to protect against rockfalls from higher up the mountain . Description . Ouvrage Saint - Roch was built between November 1930 and June 1932 , starting with a contractor named Marting and finishing with Roussel . The cost was 12 . 7 million francs , of which the armament cost 2 , 128 , 000 francs A fifth block on the crest of the mountain was proposed but not built , to house a GFM cloche . Two observation posts were associated with Saint - Roch , including Campoast , armed with one machine gun and twin automatic rifle positions . Saint - Roch and an associated museum are open for visitation year - round . The facilities are operated by the " Association de l ' Armée des Alpes " ,
Charlton Castle Charlton Castle was a fortified manor house situated in Shropshire between Shrewsbury and Telford ( ) . Sir John Charlton was licensed to crenellate his dwelling at Charlton in 1316 . This defended manor house was known as Charlton Castle and was apparently still used as a residence of the Lords of Powys in the earlier part of the 16th century . In 1588 it was sold to Francis Newport but then fell into disuse .
Hugh Gordon Malcolm Wing Commander Hugh Gordon Malcolm VC ( 2 May 1917 – 4 December 1942 ) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Born at Broughty Ferry , Dundee , Malcolm entered the Royal Air Force College Cranwell on 9 January 1936 . In January 1938 , he joined 26 ( Army Co - operation ) squadron at Catterick . In May 1939 , he suffered a serious head injury in a Westland Lysander crash . When the war started , Malcolm was serving with No 17 Training Group . On 4 March 1941 , he was promoted to Flight Lieutenant and was Air Liaison officer on General Bernard Montgomery ' s general staff . By the end of 1941 he had risen to the rank of Squadron Leader and joined No 18 Squadron as a flight commander , flying the Bristol Blenheim based in Suffolk , UK . During late 1942 in North Africa , Wing Commander Malcolm commanded No 18 Squadron , 326 Wing , flying the Bristol Blenheim Mk . V light bomber . Throughout his service in that sector , his skill and daring were of the highest order . He led two attacks on Bizerta airfield , pressing his attacks to effective conclusion . On 17 November 1942 , the squadron were detailed to carry out an attack on Bizerta , taking advantage of low cloud cover . Twenty miles from the target , the sky cleared , but despite the danger of continuing without a fighter escort , Malcolm decided to go ahead . Despite fierce opposition , the mission was a success with all bombs dropped within the airfield perimeter , and a Junkers Ju 52 and Messerschmitt Bf 109 were shot down , with other enemy aircraft damaged on the ground by machine - gun fire . He was a 25 - year - old Wing Commander commanding 18 Squadron , Royal Air Force when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 4 December , he led a thirteen - strong attack on an enemy fighter airfield near Chougui , Tunisia . On reaching the target , however , and starting the attack , the squadron was intercepted by an overwhelming force of enemy fighters from I and II . Gruppen JG 53 , and 11 Staffel , JG 2 . One by one , all his bombers were shot down , until he himself was shot down in flames . Malcolm ' s aircraft crashed in flames some 15 miles west of the target . An infantry officer and two other men arrived at the scene of the crash minutes later retrieved the body of navigator Pilot Officer James Robb . Malcolm , with Robb and gunner Pilot Officer James Grant DFC , were buried in the Beja War Cemetery in a collective grave . He was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross on 27 April 1943 . His was the first Royal Air Force Victoria Cross to be won in North Africa and the famous Malcolm Clubs opened at many RAF stations are named in his honour . Medal . His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft collection at the Imperial War Museum , London .
Tigellinus Ofonius Tigellinus , also known as Ophonius Tigellinus and Sophonius Tigellinus ( c . 10 – 69 ) , was a prefect of the Roman imperial bodyguard , known as the Praetorian Guard , from 62 until 68 , during the reign of emperor Nero . Tigellinus gained imperial favour through his acquaintance with Nero ' s mother Agrippina the Younger , and was appointed prefect upon the death of his predecessor Sextus Afranius Burrus , a position Tigellinus held first with Faenius Rufus and then Nymphidius Sabinus . As a friend of Nero he quickly gained a reputation around Rome for cruelty and licentiousness . During the second half of the 60s however , the emperor became increasingly unpopular with the people and the army , leading to several rebellion s which ultimately led to his downfall and suicide in 68 . When Nero ' s demise appeared imminent , Tigellinus deserted him and shifted his allegiance to the new emperor Galba . Unfortunately for Tigellinus , Galba was replaced by Otho barely six months after his accession . Otho ordered the execution of Tigellinus , upon which he committed suicide . Life . Tigellinus was a native of Agrigentum , of humble origin and possibly of Greek descent . In 39 , during the reign of Caligula , he was banished . He had been accused of adultery with Agrippina the Younger and Julia Livilla , the two surviving sisters of the Roman Emperor . He was recalled by Claudius in 41 . Having inherited a fortune , he bought land in Apulia and Calabria and devoted himself to breeding race - horses . In this manner he gained the favour of Nero , whom he aided and abetted in his vices and cruelties . In 62 he was promoted to the prefecture of the praetorian guards . In 64 he made himself notorious for the orgies arranged by him in the Basin of Agrippa , and was suspected of incendiarism in connection with the Great Fire of Rome , which , after having subsided , broke out afresh in his Aemilian gardens . In 65 , during the investigation into the abortive conspiracy of Gaius Calpurnius Piso , he and Poppaea Sabina formed a kind of imperial privy council , accusing the courtier and novelist Petronius Arbiter of treason ; Petronius did not wait for a sentence , but instead chose to commit suicide by repeatedly slitting and rebinding his wrists until he was drained of blood . In 67 Tigellinus accompanied Nero on his tour in Greece . When the Emperor ' s downfall appeared imminent , Tigellinus deserted him , and with Nymphidius Sabinus brought about the defection of the Praetorian Guard . Under Galba he was obliged to give up his command , but managed to save his life by lavishing presents upon Titus Vinius , the favourite of Galba , and his daughter . Otho , upon his accession in January 69 , determined to remove one so universally detested by the people . While in the baths at Sinuessa , Tigellinus received the news that he must die , and , having vainly endeavoured to gain a respite , cut his own throat with a razor .
320th Barrage Balloon Battalion The The 320th Barrage Balloon Battalion ( VLA ) ( Colored ) was an African American United States Army unit that saw combat in Europe during World War II . Their first assignment was Utah and Omaha beaches on 6 June 1944 ( the D - Day invasion ) . The 1 , 500 - man unit ' s mission was to set in the air barrage balloon s to protect assaulting infantry and armor from being strafed by enemy aircraft . They saw combat in France at Saint - Lô , the Battle of the Bulge during the siege of Bastogne , and the Rhine River Crossing . Bill Pinkney ( 1925 – 2007 ) , the last original member of the vocal group the Drifters served as a member of the 320th . The 320th Barrage Balloon Bn . was unique at Normandy for two reasons . First , it was the first barrage balloon unit in France and second , it was the first black unit in the segregated American Army to come ashore on D - Day . The VLA in the 320th designation stood for " very low altitude . " These units used smaller barrage balloons that could easily be moved by a few men and transported across the channel on landing craft . A standard balloon crew was normally four men , but trained personnel were in short supply and the 320th reduced the crews to three men to get as many balloons in the air as possible .
Walter Winika Walter Werner Winika ( March 13 , 1912 - July 12 , 1942 ) was an American football player and naval aviator . He played at the end position for Rutgers University and was selected as a second - team All - American in 1935 . Football player . Born in Brooklyn , New York , Winika attended Manual Training High School . He entered Rutgers University in New Jersey in September 1931 . He played for Rutgers varsity football team from 1933 to 1935 and was considered one of the best ends in the East during the 1930s . In 1933 , Winika was the only player to score a touchdown against Fritz Crisler ' s undefeated 1933 national championship team at Princeton University . Winika caught a 45 - yard pass for the touchdown in front of 40 , 000 fans at Princeton . He was selected by the Associated Press as a second - team All - American at the end position on the 1935 College Football All - America Team . He was selected as a member of the all - time All - Rutgers football team in 1940 . Military service and death . Winika received a Bachelor of Science degree in education in June 1936 . He enlisted in the U . S . Navy in May 1939 and received his commission as an ensign in July 1940 and as a lieutenant in December 1941 . In July 1942 , Winika was killed when the plane he piloted crashed while on patrol near Trinidad . Nine members of the crew were killed in the crash . Winika was the first varsity athlete from Rutgers to die in World War II . He was buried at Greenwood Cemetery in Brooklyn . After Winika ' s death , members of his fraternity , Alpha Rho of Chi Psi Fraternity , established the " Walter W . Winika 1936 Fund " using insurance funds and gifts from friends and classmates . The Winika Fund formed the basis of the Alpha Rho Memorial Foundation established in 1948 .
Rudolf Bayer ( soldier ) Rudolf Bayer ( 10 March 1917 – 14 July 1944 ) was a highly decorated Oberleutnant der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Rudolf Bayer was wounded on 13 July 1944 and died the next day in a hospital in Sokal , Ukraine . He was posthumously promoted to Oberleutnant der Reserve .
Alexios Raoul Alexios Raoul ( ; died circa 1258 ) was a Byzantine aristocrat and general of the Empire of Nicaea . He attained the rank of " protovestiarios " during the reign of Emperor John III Vatatzes ( r . 1221 – 1254 ) . Biography . Alexios Raoul was the scion of a wealthy aristocratic family with large landholdings around Smyrna , and possibly the son of the " sebastos " Constantine Raoul , who had played a role in the usurpation of Alexios III Angelos ( r . 1195 – 1203 ) . He became the son - in - law of Emperor John III Vatatzes ( r . 1221 – 1254 ) , having married a niece of his . Alexios and Vatatzes ' s niece together had four sons , three of whom are known by name , John , Manuel and Isaac , and one daughter . Under Vatatzes , Alexios was raised to the rank of " protovestiarios " , and was given command of troops in Macedonia . In 1242 , he accompanied the Byzantine emperor in his campaign against the ruler of Thessalonica , John Komnenos Doukas ( r . 1237 – 1244 ) . He appears again in 1252 , during Vatatzes ' s wars against the Despot of Epirus Michael II Komnenos Doukas ( r . 1230 – 1268 ) . After the conclusion of a peace treaty , Alexios apparently remained in Europe along with the future emperor Michael Palaiologos ( r . 1259 – 1282 ) at Vodena , guarding the approaches to Thessalonica . As a member of the traditional aristocracy , he and his family suffered under Theodore II Laskaris ( r . 1254 – 1258 ) . Theodore sought to reduce the nobility ' s power and influence , and favoured men of humble origin , whom he appointed to the highest state offices . In 1255 , the emperor stripped him of his title and awarded it to his low - born protégé , George Mouzalon . Furthermore , Theodore married one of Raoul ' s daughters to George ' s brother Andronikos Mouzalon , an act regarded as insulting , given the groom ' s origin . In addition , Theodore II imprisoned Alexios ' s sons ( the exact date is not clear ) . Consequently , the family actively supported the murder of the Mouzalon brothers in 1258 , following Theodore II ' s death , and the subsequent usurpation of Michael VIII Palaiologos ( r . 1259 – 1282 ) .
Central Air Command The Central Air Command is one of the five operational commands of the Indian Air Force . Currently headquartered in Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh , it had its beginning as No 1 Operational Group on 27 May 1958 at Ranikutir in Calcutta as a part of the Govt ' s increasing emphasis on defence of the eastern borders . Reorganisation of this Operational Group was created this command on 19 March 1962 with headquarters at Rani Kuthee , Calcutta ( now Kolkata ) . Calcutta was considered inappropriate location for the Central Air Command Headquarters and it was relocated at Allahabad in February 1966 .
SS Dimitry Laptev Dimitry Laptev was a 1 , 560 GRT cargo ship that was built in 1936 as Heinrich Schmidt by Flensburger Schiffbau - Gesellschaft , Flensburg , Germany for German owners . She was seized by the Allies in May 1945 , passed to the Ministry of War Transport ( MoWT ) and was renamed Empire Constable . In 1946 , she was sold to the Soviet Government and renamed " Dimitry Laptev " . She served until she was scrapped in 1971 . Description . The ship was built in 1936 by Flensburger Schiffbau - Gesellschaft , Flensburg . The ship was long , with a beam of and a depth of . The ship had a GRT of 1 , 560 and a NRT of 889 . The ship was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine , which had cylinders of , and diameter by stroke . The engine was built by Flensburger Schiffbau - Gesellschaft . History . " Heinrich Schmidt " was built for Flensburger Schiffsparten - Vereinigung AG . She was operated under the management of H Schmidt GmbH . Her port of registry was Flensburg and the Code Letters DHKV were allocated . " Heinrich Schmidt " was seized by the Allies in May 1945 at Flensburg . Ownership passed to the MoWT and she was renamed " Empire Constable " . Her port of registry was changed to London . The Code Letters GFWK and United Kingdom Official Number 180697 were allocated . She was operated under the management of the Shamrock Shipping Co Ltd . In February 1946 , " Empire Constable " was transferred to the Soviet Union under the Potsdam Agreement . She was renamed " Dimitry Laptev " . She served until 1971 , when she was scrapped .
Bulldog - class survey vessel The Bulldog class was a four ship class of survey vessel in service with the Royal Navy from the late 1960s until the start of the 21st century . Initially designed with service overseas in mind , they spent most of their careers off the British coast . A fifth ship was subsequently built to a modified design to support them in their activities . Decommissioned and sold off at the end of the 20th and start of the 21st centuries , they have continued in service as civilian vessels , with some being converted to private yachts and others entering other commercial sectors . Design . The " Bulldog " s were designated as coastal survey vessels , and were a smaller variant of the earlier " Hecla " - class designs . All four ships were built by Brooke Marine utilising merchant hulls . The resulting design was stable in a variety of sea conditions , and the class was considered to be good seakeepers , with an all - welded construction , a bulbous bow and a high flared forecastle . Anti - rolling tanks and twin rudders were also fitted . The ships used eight - cylinder Lister Blackstone diesel engines powering two variable pitch propellers and were fitted with precise navaids , specialised echo - sounders , magnetometer and a variety of sonar and radar . Bulldog was retrospectively fitted with Marconi Hydrosearch sector scanning sonar . In addition they carried two small surveying boats ( 18 ft / 35 ft ) , fitted with an array of equipment and capable of conducting surveys in shallow water . Careers . They were intended to serve overseas in pairs , with four ships being ordered in the late 1960s : and ; and . Despite the original intention to use them overseas , the growth of the exploitation of the oil and gas reserves in the North Sea from the 1960s onwards led to them spending most of their time engaged in survey work off the British coast . The increased demand for their services led to the Admiralty ordering a fifth ship to a modified design in the 1980s , which became . " Fox " was the first of the class to leave service , being sold to commercial interests in April 1989 . " Fawn " was paid off in October 1991 and sold to interests in West Germany to become an offshore support vessel of the West African and Chinese coasts under the name " Red Fulmar " . " Bulldog " was paid off on 26 July 2001 and sold the following month for conversion to a luxury yacht . A major fire broke out while she was moored at Nelson , New Zealand and the conversion was not completed . " Beagle " was the last to leave service . She was paid off on 7 February 2002 and sold the following month to a yacht company at Poole for conversion .
USS Koka ( 1865 ) USS " Koka " — a single - turreted , twin - screw monitor — was launched 18 May 1865 by Wilcox & Whiting , Camden , NJ . She was a " Casco " - class , light - draft monitor intended for service in the shallow bays , rivers , and inlets of the Confederacy . These warships sacrificed armor plate for a shallow draft and were fitted with a ballast compartment designed to lower them in the water during battle . Design revisions . Though the original designs for the " Casco " - class monitors were drawn by John Ericsson , the final revision was created by Chief Engineer Alban C . Stimers following Rear Admiral Samuel F . Du Pont ' s failed bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1863 . By the time that the plans were put before the Monitor Board in New York City , Ericsson and Simers had a poor relationship , and Chief of the Bureau of Construction and Repair John Lenthall had little connection to the board . This resulted in the plans being approved and 20 vessels ordered without serious scrutiny of the new design . $ 14 million US was allocated for the construction of these vessels . It was discovered that Stimers had failed to compensate for the armor his revisions added to the original plan and this resulted in excessive stress on the wooden hull frames and a freeboard of only 3 inches . Stimers was removed from the control of the project and Ericsson was called in to undo the damage . He was forced to raise the hulls of the monitors under construction by 22 inches to make them seaworthy . Fate . As a result , the Navy Department suspended completion of the ship 17 June 1865 , and she was laid up at League Island Navy Yard , Philadelphia , PA , without any active service . Renamed Argos 15 June 1869 , she was again renamed " Koka " 10 August that same year . She was broken up at Philadelphia , PA , 2 October 1874 , by Harlan & Hollingsworth Co . , Wilmington , DE , for use in the construction of the .