naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
National Memorial Arch The National Memorial Arch is dedicated " to the officers and private soldiers of the Continental Army December 19 , 1777 June 19 , 1778 " . The Arch is situated at the top of a hill at the intersection of Gulph Road and Outer Line Drive in Valley Forge National Historical Park , Chester County , Pennsylvania . The Arch was erected in 1910 by an act of the 61st Congress . Initially , in 1908 , it was proposed to erect two memorial arches in the park , but the bill was amended to create a single arch to save money . It is modeled on the Arch of Titus in Rome . The architect in charge of the arch was Paul Philippe Cret , a professor at the University of Pennsylvania . The arch was criticized by the Philadelphia Record who observed that arches are typically urban structures and questioned its location in a rural setting . The arch was dedicated on June 19 , 1917 in a ceremony attended by a number of U . S . Congressmen . Paul Cret did not attend as he was then en route to France where he served as an interpreter for the U . S . Army .
Battle of Chusto - Talasah The Battle of Chusto - Talasah ( also known as Bird Creek , Caving Banks , and High Shoal ) was fought December 9 , 1861 , in what is now Tulsa County , Oklahoma ( then Indian Territory ) during the American Civil War . It was the second of three battles in the Trail of Blood on Ice campaign for the control of Indian Territory during the American Civil War . A series of battles were fought in December in bad weather between the Confederate Cherokee and Choctaw Indians and the Union Creek and Seminole Indians ( led by the Muscogee Creek chief Opothleyahola ) who supported the Federal government . Following Opothleyahola and his Union force ’ s defeat at Round Mountain , he retreated northeastward in search of safety . On December 9 , 1861 , the force was at " Chusto - Talasah " ( Caving Banks ) on the Horseshoe Bend of Bird Creek when Col . Douglas H . Cooper ’ s 1 , 300 Confederates attacked about 2 : 00 p . m . Chief Opothleyahola knew Cooper was coming and had placed his troops in a strong position in heavy timber at Horseshoe Bend . For almost four hours , Cooper attacked and attempted to outflank the Federals , finally driving them across Bird Creek just before dark . Cooper camped there overnight but did not pursue the Federals because he was short of ammunition . The Confederates claimed victory . Chief Opothleyahola and his band moved off in search of security elsewhere . Their loss was estimated by Cooper as 500 ( some accounts suggest 412 ) . Confederate casualties were 15 killed and 37 wounded . Although the Confederates had gained a minor tactical victory , they would win a resounding one later in the month at Chustenahlah . The Chusto - Talasah battle site is on privately owned land near 86th Street North and Delaware Avenue , 5 miles northwest of modern Tulsa . Order of battle . " Cooper ' s Brigade " - Col . Douglas H . Cooper " Creek and Seminole Indians " - Chief Opothleyahola
George Noel Keith George Noel Keith , DFC ( 1921 - 1943 ) was a war pilot during World War II . He enlisted at the age of 19 in the Royal Canadian Air Force . After flight training , he joined 402 Squadron in November , 1941 and was commissioned in May , 1942 . He was posted to the Mediterranean theatre in January , 1943 and joined 72 Squadron in March , 1943 . A good pilot with hunting skills honed in the areas around his hometown of Taber , Alberta , Keith was credited with 8 . 5 victories ( 5 . 5 Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters , 1 Macchi C . 200 fighter , and 2 Junkers Ju 88 bombers ) , 2 probable victories , and 2 damaged . On two occasions he had a 2 - kill day . In one 48 - hour period he was credited with 3 . 5 kills . While strafing ground targets on Aug 4 , 1943 , Keith ' s Supermarine Spitfire Mk V was struck by anti - aircraft fire and he was forced to bale out near Sicily at 2 , 000 feet ( 600 m ) , but the tailplane of the Spitfire struck him and broke both his legs . His parachute did not open until 300 feet ( 100 m ) and he landed in the sea . He was picked up quickly by air - sea rescue but died of his injuries shortly after .
USS Hammerhead ( SSN - 663 ) USS " Hammerhead " ( SSN - 663 ) , a , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the hammerhead shark , a voracious fish found in warm seas , with a curious hammerlike head . Construction and commissioning . The contract to build " Hammerhead " was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company at Newport News , Virginia , on 28 May 1964 and her keel was laid down there on 29 November 1965 . She was launched on 14 April 1967 , sponsored by Mrs . O . Clark Fisher , and commissioned on 28 June 1968 with Commander E . Frederick Murphy , Jr . , in command . Service history . In 1981 , she won the Marjorie Sterrett Battleship Fund Award for the Atlantic Fleet . Tom Clancy , author of the 1984 novel " The Hunt for Red October " , was given a brief ride into port aboard " Hammerhead " in the late 1980s prior to the filming of the 1990 film adaptation of the novel , also entitled " The Hunt for Red October " . After spotting a mounted roll of toilet paper in " Hammerhead " s sonar room used for wiping grease pencil markings off the screens in the rooms , he proclaimed his intention to write the contrasting image of the low - technology toilet paper mount among all of the complicated electronics and other equipment aboard " Hammerhead " into the film . True to his word , he did . Decommissioning and disposal . " Hammerhead " , under the command of Commander Forest Novachek , was decommissioned on 5 April 1995 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on the same day . Her scrapping via the Nuclear - Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton , Washington , was completed on 22 November 1995 .
Joseph I . Johnson Joseph Inkerman Johnson was born in 1914 in Hulcote , Northamptonshire . He joined the RAF in June 1935 as an Aircrafthand ( Carpenter ) . He was later remustered as an Airman - in training Pilot and won his wings on 11 August 1939 — three weeks before Britain declared war on Germany . In May 1940 Sgt . Johnson was posted to 222 Squadron . In June he claimed the ' probable ' destruction of a He 111 over Dunkirk . By August 1940 he had flown 25 missions . The squadron was posted to RAF Hornchurch on 29 August 1940 . The following day no . 222 Squadron was scrambled several times during the day , and at 16 : 00 hours to intercept a large formation of bombers in the direction of the Thames Estuary and were attacked by the escorting fighters . Flying a Spitfire Mk 1 , " R6628 " Johnson was shot down at 18 : 02 by a Messerschmitt Bf109 and crashed near Bishopsbourne , south of Canterbury in Kent . It is believed that Johnson died before the crash . Johnson is buried in Towcester Cemetery in Northamptonshire . His grave is Row G , Grave 2 and it gives his service number — 520406 . His name is included on the Battle of Britain Memorial at Capel - le - Ferne .
Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus ( consul 51 ) Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus was a Roman senator and a consul of Rome in the year 51 . He was named " consul ordinarius " in the year 51 as a colleague of the emperor Claudius I . From 62 - 63 , he was named proconsul of the Province of Africa by order of the emperor Nero . After his mandate in Africa finished , he fell into disgrace around the year 66 and was accused of being a traitor to the emperor Nero in the senate by Marcus Aquilius Regulus . He was found guilty and executed . His grandson , Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus followed in his grandfather ' s footsteps and became consul of Rome in the year 110 under the emperor Trajan .
SM U - 40 ( Germany ) SM " U - 40 " was a German Type U 31 U - boat of the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . Her construction was ordered on 12 June 1912 and her keel was laid down on 3 April 1913 by Germaniawerft of Kiel . She was launched on 22 October 1914 and commissioned on 14 February 1915 under the command of Gerhardt Fürbringer . Second officer was lieutenant Rudolf Jauch ( of the " Jauch family " ) . U - 40 conducted one patrol , without sinking a ship . Fate . On the morning of 23 June 1915 " U - 40 " stopped the trawler " Taranaki " in the North Sea . " Taranaki " was in fact a decoy vessel , or " Q - ship " , and was connected to the submerged submarine " C24 " by a combined tow line and telephone cable . When " U - 40 " stopped the trawler , " Taranaki " telephoned the situation to " C24 " . When " C24 " tried to slip the tow line , however , the release mechanism failed , and " C24 " had to manoeuvre into an attacking position with a hundred fathoms of chain hanging from her bow . Her commander , Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor , was able to adjust her trim and avoid fouling the chain in the propellers and fired a single torpedo that struck " U - 40 " amidships . The U - boat sank instantly , only three men in the conning tower surviving to be picked up by the " Taranaki " . Wreck discovery . The reported location of the sinking varied . According to some sources it was " southeast of Aberdeen " . Others suggested it was " east of the Firth of Forth " . However in March 2009 the Scottish company Marine Quest announced that divers from their company had discovered the wreck of the " U - 40 " approximately off Eyemouth , Berwickshire , Scotland , " miles from where it was recorded as going down " .
Avia BH - 33 The Avia BH - 33 was a biplane fighter aircraft built in Czechoslovakia in 1927 . It was based on the BH - 21J that demonstrated promising results by marrying the original BH - 21 airframe with a licence - built Bristol Jupiter radial engine . Other than the peculiar Avia hallmark of having an upper wing with a shorter span than the lower , it was utterly conventional ; even featuring a tail fin for the first time in a Pavel Beneš and Miroslav Hajn design ( previous aircraft had a rudder but no fin ) . Design and development . Initial tests of the first prototype were disappointing , displaying performance only marginally better than the BH - 21 , even when fitted with a more powerful version of the Jupiter . Two further prototypes followed , both designated BH - 33 - 1 , each with an increasingly powerful Jupiter variant - one a Jupiter VI , the other a Jupiter VII . The performance of the latter example was finally good enough for the Czechoslovakian defence ministry to order a small production run of only five aircraft . Three examples were sold to Belgium , where there were plans to build the type under licence , but this did not eventuate . Licence production was undertaken , however , in Poland , where a single example was sold along with a licence to build 50 aircraft . These were designated PWS - A and put into service with the Polish Air Force in 1930 . Development continued with an almost total redesign of the fuselage , replacing the wooden , slab - sided structure with one of oval cross - section built up from welded steel tubes . Designated BH - 33E , this was at last a world - class fighter for its time . Nevertheless , the response from the Czechoslovakian military was lukewarm ( although two were bought for the national aerobatics team ) , and Avia again looked abroad for customers , this time selling 20 aircraft to Kingdom of Yugoslavia , along with a licence to produce another 24 . Two or three examples were also bought by Russia for evaluation . In late 1929 , a further development was flown as the BH - 33L , featuring longer - span wings , and a Škoda L W - block engine . This version finally brought the company the domestic sales that it had been hoping for , with 80 aircraft ordered by the Czechoslovak Air Force . These became standard equipment with some air regiments up to the outbreak of World War II . A single , final variant with a BMW - built Pratt & Whitney Hornet engine was built as the BH - 33H ( later redesignation BH - 133 ) in 1930 , but this did not lead to production . Operational history . Czechoslovakian BH - 33s never saw combat , and Poland ' s examples had long been replaced in service by the time of the German invasion . Two Yugoslavian machines did , however see combat against " Luftwaffe " Messerschmitt Bf 109 s , but were both destroyed and their pilots killed . BH - 33
Jean Corbineau Jean - Baptiste Juvénal Corbineau ( 1 August 1776 , Marchiennes – 18 December 1848 , Paris ) was a French cavalry general of the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars . His two brothers Claude and Hercule also fought in both these wars and together the three men were known as " les trois Horaces " ( the three Horatii ) .
HMS Hussar ( 1763 ) HMS " Hussar " was a sixth - rate frigate of the Royal Navy , built in England in 1761 - 63 . She was a 28 - gun ship of the " Mermaid " class , designed by Sir Thomas Slade . In early 2013 , a cannon from " Hussar " was discovered stored in a building in New York ' s Central Park still loaded with live gunpowder and shot . The " Hussar " was commissioned in August 1763 under Captain James Smith , and sent for her commission cruising in the vicinity of Cape Clear . By 1767 she was commanded by Captain Hyde Parker . She continued to serve off North America between 1768 and 1771 , before paying off into ordinary in March 1771 . After being repaired and refitted at Woolwich from 1774 to 1777 , she recommissioned in July 1777 under Captain Elliott Salter . In later life , she was part of the British fleet in North America . During the American Revolution , " Hussar " carried dispatch es on the North American station . By mid - 1779 , the British position in New York was precarious as a French army had joined forces with General George Washington ' s troops north of the city . When Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney took his twenty ships of the line south in November , it was decided that the army ' s payroll be moved to the anchorage at Gardiners Bay on eastern Long Island . On 23 November 1780 , against his pilot ' s better judgment , " Hussar " s captain , Charles Pole , decided to sail from the East River through the treacherous waters of Hell Gate between Manhattan Island and Long Island . Just before reaching Long Island Sound , " Hussar " was swept onto Pot Rock and began sinking . Pole was unable to run her aground and she sank in 16 fathoms ( 29 m ) of water . The British immediately denied there was any gold aboard the ship , but despite the difficulty of diving in the waters of Hell Gate , reports of $ 2 to $ 4 million in gold were the catalyst that prompted many salvage efforts over the next 150 years . This continued even after the U . S . Army Corps of Engineers " blew the worst features of Hell Gate straight back to hell " with 56 , 000 pounds ( 25 t ) of dynamite in 1876 . " Hussar ' s " remains , if any survive , are now believed to lie beneath landfill in the Bronx . On January 11 , 2013 , preservationists with the Central Park Conservancy in New York were removing rust from a cannon from " Hussar " when they discovered it still contained gunpowder , wadding , and a cannonball . Police were called and bomb disposal staff eventually removed about 1 . 8 pounds of active black gunpowder from the cannon , which was disposed of at a gun range . “ We silenced British cannon fire in 1776 and we don ’ t want to hear it again in Central Park , ” the New York Police Department said in a statement .
24th Hazara Mountain Battery ( Frontier Force ) The 24th Hazara Mountain Battery ( Frontier Force ) was an artillery battery of the British Indian Army . The battery was raised in 1851 , at Haripur in order to help defend the Hazara District of the North West Frontier . The 4th soon saw action in numerous small campaigns on the North West Frontier . In 1878 , the 4th took part in the Second Afghan War at the Battle of Ali Masjid , and later took part in the Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment , where it remained as part of the garrison when the rest of the force marched on Kandahar . In 1885 , the Battery took part in the Second Burmese War . In 1895 , the Battery was back fighting on the Frontier as part of the Chitral Expedition . To honour the visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales to Indian they took part in the Rawalpindi Parade 1905 . During World War I , the 4th left India in 1917 , for East Africa where it would remain until the Armistice . Between the wars , the Battery saw service in the Third Afghan War of 1919 , the Afridi and Red Shirt Rebellion ( 1930 – 1 ) , the Mohmand and Bajaur Operations ( 1933 ) , and operations against the Fakir of Ipi in the Waziristan campaign 1936 – 1939 . It was deployed to Singapore at the opening of World War II , and entered Japanese captivity with the rest of the garrison .
Fort C . F . Smith ( Arlington , Virginia ) Fort C . F . Smith was a small fort constructed by the Union Army as part of the defense of Washington , D . C . during the American Civil War . The new post was constructed by Union troops in early 1863 and named for Charles Ferguson Smith . The fortification extended the line of Arlington forts to the Potomac River . Along with Forts Strong , Morton , and Woodbury , it functioned as part of the outer perimeter of defenses that protected the Aqueduct Bridge of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal . The fort consisted of lunette s facing south and west and two bastions to the north to protect it from attack up the ravines from the Potomac . The fort was entered from the east by a road that crossed Spout Run and proceeded up the hill to Fort Strong . To provide clear lines of fire for Fort C . F . Smith and adjacent forts , all of the trees for miles around were cut down . Many of the trees were used in construction of the forts and support structures . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000 . The park is presevered by Arlington County at the Fort C . F . Smith Park .
Carmen de Hastingae Proelio The Carmen de Hastingae Proelio ( " Song of the Battle of Hastings " ) is an early written source for the Norman invasion of England from September to December 1066 , in Latin ; attributed to Bishop Guy of Amiens , uncle to Count Guy of Ponthieu , who figures rather prominently in the Bayeux Tapestry as the vassal of Duke William of Normandy who captured Harold Godwinson in 1064 . The " Carmen " is generally accepted as the earliest known written account of the invasion , which naturally focuses on the famous Battle of Hastings . It is in poetic form , 835 lines of hexameter s and pentameter s , and is preserved only in a single extant copy ( Bibliothèque royale de Belgique no . 10615 - 729 , folios 227v - 230v ) , which is apparently an early 12th century copy of the 11th century original . Bearing all the signs of hasty work , the " Carmen " was most likely composed within months of the coronation of William as king of England ( Christmas Day , 1066 ) . Probably sometime in 1067 , possibly as early as Easter of that year , to be performed at the royal festivities in Normandy , where King William I presided . The motivation for the poem ' s production and performance must have been something to do with Bishop Guy ' s family , which possibly was then out of favor over the involvement of Hugh of Ponthieu in the death of King Harold . For it is tempting to identify Hugh as the younger brother of Count Guy of Ponthieu , and the perpetrator of the mutilation of King Harold once he had been slain . For this reason , or some other unknown reason , Bishop Guy felt it necessary to impress King William with the contributions his nephew ( s ) had made to William ' s invasion of England . Also , at the time , Bishop Guy himself was out of favor with the pope , and perhaps wanted to garner some Norman influence by giving William the gift of the " Carmen " in his honor . A third possibility ( though none of these are mutually exclusive ) , is the disfavor of Count Eustace of Boulogne , who appears by the contents of the " Carmen " , to have been a family friend ( and or relative : most of these noble houses were intermarried by this time ) : therefore the " Carmen " might have been composed to present Count Eustace in a favorable light and thus possibly reverse King William ' s banishment of Boulogne following his failed invasion of England in the autumn of 1067 ( Eustace remained in fact out of favor until late in the 1070s ) . Altogether , the " Carmen " is the most vivid of the original written accounts , and practically the only one to give a non - Norman point of view in detail . ( The Bayeux Tapestry is problematic ; because we do not know the purpose of its creators , nor even for certain who they were ; but it bears evidence of English involvement in its production . ) In fact , it is the " Carmen " ' s very vividness which has caused it in the past to come under attack as either a forgery , fraud or at the least a later , 12th - century source . But Frank Barlow has recently advanced convincing arguments to support the position of the " Carmen " as a very early source indeed , most likely from the year 1067 .
Alfred Edward Durrant Alfred Edward Durrant VC ISM ( 4 November 1864 – 29 March 1933 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was 35 years old , and a private in the 2nd Battalion , The Rifle Brigade ( Prince Consort ' s Own ) , British Army during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place on 27 August 1900 at the Battle of Bergendal , South Africa , for which he was awarded the VC : He later achieved the rank of lance - corporal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum , Winchester , England .
Blenkinsop Castle Blenkinsopp Castle is a fire - damaged , partly demolished 19th - century country mansion incorporating the ruinous remains of a 14th - century tower house located above the Tipalt Burn approximately one mile from Greenhead , Northumberland , England . It is a Grade I listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument . History . The ancient manor of Blenkinsopp was held by the eponymous Blenkinsopp family from the 13th century and they created a substantial tower house . A licence to crenellate the house was granted on May 6 , 1340 . An early account by Wallis , writing prior to 1769 and quoted by Rev . J . F . Hodgson , found " the west and north - west side of it protected by a very high cespititious wall and a deep foss - a vault going through it , north and south , 33 feet in length , and in breadth 18½ feet : two lesser ones on the north side . The facing on the western wall has been down beyond the memory of any person yet living . " A survey of 1541 reported the roof to be in decay and the tower not to be in good repair . The family , whilst retaining ownership , granted possession to the Earl of Northumberland and abandoned the castle for their other nearby properties at Bellister Castle and Dryburnhaugh . In 1727 the heiress Jane Blenkinsopp married William Coulson of Jesmond . By 1832 the property was in disuse , and a mine agent ' s house was built adjoining the ruinous structure , probably by the architect John Dobson . In about 1877 William Blenkinsopp Coulson carried out a major restoration project which created a large mansion house on the site . Shortly after these works , the Coulsons sold all their Blenkinsopp estates to Edward Joicey . In the 20th century the mansion served as an hotel but major damage was caused in 1954 by a fire , and large parts of the property were demolished , on safety grounds . Today it is part home and part ruin .