naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Gadifer de la Salle Gadifer de La Salle ( Sainte - Radegonde , 1340 – 1415 ) was a French knight and crusader of Poitevine origin who , with Jean de Béthencourt , conquered and explored the Canary Islands for the Kingdom of Castile . Gadifer had won renown in the French campaigns against England during the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 – 1453 ) . While on a campaign against Tunisian pirates in 1390 , he met Jean de Béthencourt , who later pledged his domain to finance their expedition to the Canary Islands . Gadifer de La Salle had joined Béthencourt at La Rochelle . Accompanying the expedition were Brother Pierre Bontier , a Franciscan monk of Saint - Jouin - de - Marnes who later officiated at Lanzarote , and Jean le Verrier , a priest who was later installed at Fuerteventura as vicar in the chapel of Our Lady of Bethencourt . Bontier and Le Verrier served as historians of the expedition . In 1402 they conquered Lanzarote , the northernmost inhabited island , from the local guanche chieftains . Gadifer then explored the archipelago , and Béthencourt left for Cádiz , where he was given reinforcements and financial support at the Castilian court . At this time a power struggle had broken out on the island between Gadifer and Berthin , another officer . Berthin wished to abandon the conquest and return with a cargo of slaves . While Gadifer was exploring another island , Berthin departed with almost all of the ships leaving Gadifer for dead . Gadifer and his men spent about a week on the island surviving from dew gathered on their blankets . Eventually a soldier still loyal to Gadifer brought one of the remaining ships to rescue them . In 1403 , after a resupply ship sent by Béthencourt arrived , Gadifer was able to complete the conquest of the islands and root out the disloyal Castilians . In early 1404 the native population converted to Christianity , later that same year Béthencourt himself returned . De la Salle and Béthencourt founded the city of Betancuria in 1404 . Béthencourt had become king of the Canaries ( a title granted by Henry III of Castile in exchange for Béthencourt ' s respect ) . Gadifer , who felt insulted , left the Canaries and appealed for redress at the court of Castile . When this appeal proved to be unsuccessful , he returned to France .
HMS Ambuscade ( F172 ) HMS " Ambuscade " was a Type 21 frigate of the Royal Navy . She was built by Yarrow Shipbuilders Ltd , Glasgow , Scotland . She was sold to Pakistan in 1993 and is still in service as the PNS " Tariq " . Service history . " Ambuscade " took part in the Falklands War and by the mid - 1980s was suffering from cracking in her hull . She was taken in for refitting , with a steel plate being welded down each side of the ship . At the same time modifications were made to reduce hull noise . Exocet launchers were also added in ' B ' position later on in 1984 / 5 and 3 " launchers relocated to 02 deck midships . In 1983 " Ambuscade " collided with in the Indian Ocean , resulting in part of her bows being torn away . " Ambuscade " was laid up in Bombay for 6 weeks while a new bow was constructed and fitted . On 8 June 1984 , " Ambuscade " went to the assistance of the schooner , which had struck an object in the North Sea and been holed below the waterline .
Evangelos Artemis Evangelos Artemis ( " Ευάγγελος Αρτέμης " ) was a Greek engineer involved in the early development of Guided missiles . Artemis studied Electrical engineering in France and Austria and worked in France , the United Kingdom and Germany . According to Artemis himself , he conceived details of a guided missile when he studied German Bombardments of World War I . After working with designs involving remote tracing and control , he started working after 1933 , in Greece , on a remote guided " rocket " system . With state technical and financial support he constructed his prototypes , which were tested near the island of Salamina in the Summer of 1938 . The fate of the designs remains a mystery to this date . Artemis claimed that the designs were given to a " foreign power " , refusing any further development of his ideas . After World War II he worked in various research institutes , including the National Technical University of Athens , a city where he lived until May 12 , 1980 .
Toyama Maru Toyama Maru ( 富山丸 ) was a 7 , 089 - ton Japanese troop transport during World War II . On 29 June 1944 , " Toyama Maru " was transporting over 6 , 000 men of the Japanese 44th Independent Mixed Brigade when she was torpedoed and sunk by the submarine in the Nansei Shoto , off Taira Jima , Japan , at position 27º47 ' N , 129º05 ' E . There were only about 600 survivors , making the sinking of " Toyama Maru " one of the worst maritime disasters in history .
Elpeus The Elpeus is a river that stems from a ravine on the lower banks of Mount Olympus in Greece , located approximately five miles from the city of Dion . The river stream runs on a steep bank . In the summer months , the river all but dries up to a thin trickle , but , during the winter season , it regularly overflows . This results in the formation of strong whirlpool s above its crags , while flowing down the eroded slopes of the mountain to the sea . These overflowings produce deep and wide chasms , with sheer slopes on either side . This makes the river very dangerous to cross and it is almost impassable during these months . The danger that the overflowing Elpeus river presents has been used tactically in warfare situations throughout history . During the Third Macedonian War , which started in 171 BC , Perseus of Macedon camped on a safe bank of the river , his intent being to use the flooded river as part of his defences . This particular position proved unassailable to his Roman enemies , who were , at the time , under the command of Lucius Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus . Paulus and his council spent much time deciding how to negotiate the river and breach Perseus ' defences , some suggesting a counter - attack from behind Perseus camp and the river , while others recommended that a fleet be sent up the coast towards Thessalonica to draw the Macedonians out . Paulus ultimately decided to feint right and fool Perseus as to his intentions , while sending a force to the left and behind the river . The war ultimately resulted in Roman victory , in 168 BC , concluding at the Battle of Pydna .
Confederate Monument in Cynthiana The Confederate Monument in Cynthiana is located on the outer edge of Cynthiana , Kentucky in Battle Grove Cemetery . It was the first monument to the Confederate States of America dedicated in the State of Kentucky , and long believed to be the first Confederate memorial anywhere . Due to the 32nd Indiana Monument having been moved from its original location , the Cynthiana monument is the oldest monument still standing at its original location , located where the second Battle of Cynthiana started , in the then - new town cemetery . The Cynthiana Confederate Monument Association , a group of women , spearheaded the movement to build the monument , although the money required to build it came from men . It was built in 1869 by the Muldoon Monument Company of Louisville , Kentucky , at the cost of $ 2 , 200 . The white marble obelisk stands high on a four square foot limestone base three feet high ( 25 feet high combined ) , with a Confederate flag draped atop it . The graves of 47 Confederate veterans who died during the Civil War , many of whom are unknown , and a substantial number of John Hunt Morgan ' s 2nd Kentucky Cavalry who twice raided the town of Cynthiana during the War , were transferred from another cemetery to encircle the monument . David M . Snyder died in 1896 , and per his wishes to be buried with his companions , was placed as part of the circle . The Cynthiana monument set the tone of many of the first Bluegrass monuments in the Confederacy , being reminiscent of death , particularly grave markers . This is best represented by the Confederate Monument of Bowling Green , Confederate Monument at Crab Orchard , Confederate Monument in Georgetown , and the Confederate Monument in Versailles . On the back of the monument is a verse from the " Bivouac of the Dead " , which six other monuments would also include a verse from . The " Cynthiana Democrat " said the monument was not just for the local citizenry , but " for every man and every nation , whose children and whose people have shed blood in defense of their Homes , in defense of their country , in defense of Justice and Truth " . The dedication ceremony for the monument , held on May 27 , 1869 , involved a parade , speeches , and food . Colonel W . C . P . Breckinridge gave the dedication speech , highlighting the virtue of the Confederate cause and the bravery of its soldiers . On July 17 , 1997 , the Cynthiana monument was one of sixty - two monuments included in the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky MPS .
9K115 Metis The 9K115 Metis ( " mongrel " ) ( NATO reporting name AT - 7 Saxhorn ) is a man - portable SACLOS wire - guided anti - tank missile system of the Soviet Union . Development . The missile was developed by the Tula KBP . It is very similar to the AT - 4 Spigot in external appearance - having 3 main fins - however , the missile is much lighter - primarily because of the reduced fuel load . This reduced load cuts the maximum range to . During the 1980s , an upgraded version of the missile was developed - the " Metis - M " 9M131 ( sometimes labelled " Metis - 2 " ) . Fired from the same launcher , the new missile is much larger and heavier , with an increased range and a larger warhead . NATO labelled this missile the AT - 13 Saxhorn - 2 . History . The missile was introduced into the Russian army in 1979 to supplement the AT - 4 Spigot at company level . The system is lighter than the AT - 4 Spigot system , due to a less complicated launcher tripod and a lighter missile . In Russian service , the AT - 7 is deployed with motor rifle companies , with three launchers per company . The missile is operated by two man teams , with the gunner carrying the 9P151 launching post and one missile , his assistant carries an additional 3 missiles . The export prices of the missile and firing post in 1992 were : Description . The missile is fired from the 9P151 launching post , which has a simple tripod for support . It can also be fired from the shoulder - but , this apparently requires more skill on the part of the operator . The launching post weighs . The missile is launched from the tube by a booster rather than the gas generator used on the AT - 4 Spigot system , despite both missiles being designed by the same design bureau . The 9S816 guidance system is powered by a thermal battery attached to the launch tube shortly before launch - the missile itself is remotely powered along the guidance wires . The missile can be launched from an enclosed space , such as a building or cave , but requires at least behind the launcher , and a total internal volume of at least . The missile has a short minimum range of and can engage targets moving at up to . The missiles warhead is a single HEAT shaped charge . < br style = " clear : both " >
Amiot 110 The Amiot 110 , also known as the Amiot - SECM 110 , was a French prototype interceptor designed and built in 1929 . Development . The 110 was designed as a contender in the so - called " Jockey " lightweight interceptor contest in which it competed against 9 other types . It was of all - metal construction , with fabric wing skinning . Basically a parasol monoplane , it was fitted with a jettisonable aerofoil - section fuel tank inserted in the fuselage aft of the main undercarriage . Operational history . It first flew in June 1928 , and looked a promising candidate to win the " Jockey " contest . However , it crashed on 1 July 1929 due to several loose rivets and integrity flaws , and no further production went ahead .
Spanish cruiser Don Antonio de Ulloa Don Antonio de Ulloa was a " Velasco " - class unprotected cruiser of the Spanish Navy that fought in the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish - American War . Technical Characteristics . " Don Antonio de Ulloa " was built at La Carraca shipyard , Cadiz , Spain . Her keel was laid in 1883 , she was launched on 23 January 1887 , and she was completed in 1889 . She had one rather tall funnel . She had an iron hull and was rigged as a barque . Operational history . Not long after her completion , " Don Antonio de Ulloa " was sent to the Caroline Islands in 1890 to counter threats by the German Empire to those Spanish - owned islands . Later that year she was sent to the Philippines and was based there to replace her sister ship " Gravina " , which had been lost in a typhoon in 1884 . " Don Antonio de Ulloa " took an active part in Spanish military action against Philippine insurgents during the Tagalog Revolt of 1896 - 1897 . Among her more notable contributions was the transportation of Spanish Army landing forces to Zamboanga in 1897 . Her machinery was in such bad condition by the spring of 1898 that it was removed to be overhauled . With her immobilized off Cavite in Manila Bay , her port battery was also removed for use in reinforcing shore batteries . She was left with only her starboard battery aboard , and only about half of her crew , which was enough to man that battery . She was in this condition when the Spanish - American War broke out in April 1898 , and was anchored as part of the squadron of Rear Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasarón in Manila Bay . Her anchorage was behind Sangley Point , where the Spanish hoped that the low , sandy point would provide some protection to her hull if the U . S . Navy attacked the anchorage . The U . S . Navy ' s Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey did attack , early on the morning of 1 May 1898 , making a series of slow firing passes at the Spanish squadron in the Battle of Manila Bay . During Dewey ' s first pass , " Don Antonio de Ulloa " took a few hits , the most destructive being a large shell that burst on the upper deck and killed nine men — among them her commanding officer — and wounded another ten , leaving almost no one aboard to man her remaining guns . There was also no one able to strike her colors ; when Dewey ' s squadron reversed course and made a second firing pass , they assumed the still - flying battle ensign meant that " Don Antonio de Ulloa " was still in action . The U . S . squadron riddled the helpless ship , and she sank in shallow water ; after the battle , her hull alone was found to have been holed by four 8 - inch ( 203 - mm ) , three 6 - inch ( 152 - mm ) , one 5 - inch ( 127 - mm ) , and 25 47 - mm and 37 - mm shells . After the battle , a boarding party from gunboat USS " Petrel " went aboard and set the wreck of " Don Antonio de Ulloa " on fire . Postwar , a U . S . Navy survey team found her to be beyond salvage , and her wreck was scrapped .
Naval Air Facility El Centro Naval Air Facility El Centro or NAF El Centro is a military airport located six miles ( 10 km ) northwest of El Centro , in Imperial County , California , USA . History . The facility was commissioned on May 1 , 1946 , as a Naval Air Station . Prior to that , the base was a Marine Corps Air Station . Through the years , Navy El Centro has had several names : Naval Air Facility , Naval Auxiliary Landing Field , Naval Air Station , and the National Parachute Test Range . For the first 35 years , the mission of NAF El Centro was devoted to aeronautical escape system testing , evaluation , and design . In November 1947 , the Parachute Experimental Division from Naval Air Station Lakehurst , New Jersey moved to El Centro . In 1951 , the Joint Parachute Facility was established and consisted of the Naval Parachute Unit and the U . S . Air Force ' s 6511th Test Group ( Parachute ) . The Air Force remained part of El Centro ’ s test organization for the next 27 years . Current operations . The facility has two operating runways . The east / west runway handles 96 percent of the traffic . It is equipped with a Fresnel Lens Optical Landing System ( FLOLS ) at each approach end as well as lighted carrier flight deck landing areas at both ends so pilots can simulate carrier landings . Apart from " touch and go " landings and take - offs , aircrews use the many ranges at NAF El Centro to develop their skills . A remote - controlled target area allows naval aviator s and naval flight officer s to practice ordnance delivery . The desert range is used for air - to - ground bombing , rocket firing , strafing , dummy drops and mobile land target training . The target complex uses the Weapons Impact Scoring System that microwaves target images to a range master control building for immediate verification of weapons delivery accuracy . The addition of the Display and Debriefing Subsystem , known as DDS , expanded the role of NAF El Centro to include air combat training by utilizing remote television , acoustical and laser scoring systems . The DDS is linked with the Tactical Air Crew Training System ( TACTS ) to provide a computerized record of the tactics employed by individual aircrews to employ and to evaluate the effectiveness of each maneuver . Air Show . NAF El Centro is the winter home of the U . S . Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron , The Blue Angels . NAF El Centro historically kicks off the Blue Angels ' season with their first air show , traditionally held in March . Popular culture . Much of the movie " Jarhead " was filmed around El Centro and many of the extras from the movie were from NAF El Centro .
USS Weehawken ( YTB - 776 ) The USS " Weehawken " ( YTB - 776 ) was a United States Navy large district harbor tug named for Weehawken , New Jersey . Construction and commissioning . The contract for " Weehawken " was awarded 31 January 1964 . She was laid down on 13 August 1964 at Marinette , Wisconsin by Marinette Marine and launched 8 June 1965 . Operational history . " Weehawken " was delivered to the 9th Naval District in July 1965 . In November 1965 , she was placed in service in the 14th Naval District , which comprises the Hawaiian Islands and surrounding smaller islets . She also served at Guam . The tug conducted routine towing operations between those islands and rendered assistance to ships entering and clearing Pearl Harbor . As of December 1979 , she was still active in the 14th Naval District . Stricken from the Navy List 5 January 2001 , " Weehawken " was disposed of during a fleet training exercise on 24 April 2003 after 37 . 5 years of commissioned service .
Arab Islamic Front of Azawad Arab Islamic Front of Azawad ( in French : " Front Islamique Arabe de l ' Azawad " or FIAA ) was a militant rebel group in northern Mali . It was headed by Ahmed Ould Sidi Mohamed . Alone among Mali ' s many northern rebel groups , the FIAA drew its members mainly from north - west Mali ' s Hassani Arab minority , which is closely related by tribal ties , dialect and culture to the Moorish population of Mauritania and the Sahrawis of Western Sahara , Algeria and Morocco . Most other rebel groups in Mali ' s civil war were dominated by the north ' s larger population of Tuareg . On January 6 , 1991 , the MPLA and FIAA signed the Algeria - backed Tamanrasset Accords with the government of Mali . The accord , however , failed to prevent further conflict . In December 1991 FIAA joined the United Movements and Fronts of Azawad ( MFUA ) , which would then sign the National Pact peace treaty .
28th Punjabis The 28th Punjabis were an infantry regiment in the British Indian Army . It was raised in 1857 , as the 20th Regiment of Punjab Infantry . It was designated as the 28th Punjabis in 1903 and became 4th Battalion 15th Punjab Regiment in 1922 . In 1947 , it was allocated to the Pakistan Army , where it continues to exist as 12th Battalion The Punjab Regiment . Early History . The regiment was raised during the upheaval of the Indian Mutiny , at Ferozepur on 1 July 1857 , as the Ferozepore Punjab Battalion . In 1862 , the regiment took part in operations in Assam , while during the Second Afghan War of 1878 - 80 , it fought at Peiwar Kotal , Charasiah and Kabul . In 1891 , it participated in the Black Mountain Expedition on the North West Frontier of India . Subsequent to the reforms brought about in the Indian Army by Lord Kitchener in 1903 , the regiment ' s designation was changed to 28th Punjabis . During the First World War , they served in Mesopotamia , where they fought in the bloody battles on the Tigris Front , as the British made desperate efforts to relieve their besieged garrison at Kut al Amara . In 1917 , the regiment took part in the Third Battle of Sannaiyat , the Capture of Baghdad , and the actions at Istabulat and Tekrit . In 1918 , the 28th Punjabis participated in the British campaign in Palestine . During the war , the regiment suffered a total of 1423 casualties . It raised a second battalion in 1918 , which was disbanded after the war . In 1921 , Sepoy Ishar Singh of the 28th Punjabis was awarded the Victoria Cross for exceptional valour during the Waziristan Campaign . Subsequent history . In 1921 - 22 , a major reorganization was undertaken in the British Indian Army leading to the formation of large infantry groups of four to six battalions . Among these was the 15th Punjab Regiment , formed by grouping the 28th Punjabis with the 25th , 26th , 27th and 29th Punjabis . The battalion ' s new designation was 4th Battalion 15th Punjab Regiment . During the Second World War , the battalion fought in the Burma Campaign with great distinction . The battalion suffered 921 casualties and was awarded numerous gallantry awards including two Victoria Crosses to Lieutenant Karamjeet Singh Judge and Naik Gian Singh . In 1947 , the 15th Punjab Regiment was allocated to Pakistan Army . In 1956 , it was merged with the 1st , 14th and 16th Punjab Regiment s to form one large Punjab Regiment , and 4 / 15th Punjab was redesignated as 12 Punjab . During the 1965 Indo - Pakistan War , it fought on the Lahore Front , while in 1971 , it served in East Pakistan .
Francis David Millet Brown Lieutenant - Colonel Francis David Millet Brown VC ( 7 August 1837 – 21 November 1895 ) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Brown was born on 7 August 1837 in Bhagalpur , India . He was educated at Grosvenor College , Bath . He was educated from 1852 to 1854 by a private tutor , Brisco Morland Gane , late curate of Honiton . He was 20 years old , and a lieutenant in the 1st European Bengal Fusiliers ( later The Royal Munster Fusiliers ) during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed , on 16 November 1857 at Narnoul , India for which Brown was awarded the Victoria Cross : He was again promoted , this time to Captain 23 August 1864 . He returned to the army as Major on 7 December 1875 . He was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel 8 December 1881 . He was Presented to Queen Victoria at a Levee at St James ' Palace on 24 April 1860 . He later achieved the rank of colonel . Personal life . Between 1868 and 1873 Brown was employed as Assistant Principal of Thomason Civil Engineering College , Roorkee . He married Jessie Rhind Russel . Her date of birth is unknown . They had the following children : Brown married Jessie Doris Childs after the death of his first wife . Brown died on 21 November 1895 in Sandown , Isle of Wight and was buried in Winchester Cemetery , after a service at Winchester Cathedral .