naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Type 84 mine The Type 84 is a Chinese scatterable anti - tank mine , normally deployed by 122 mm artillery rockets . The mine consists of a cylindrical body with three prong legs that form a spike . Three variants of the mine exist : one with magenetic influence fuze , one with a self - extending tilt rod fuze , and another with a contact baffle . Upon ejection from its container , the mine deploys a small parachute which retards its descent . The three prong legs of the mine form a spike as the mine descends . If the mine strikes soft ground , the spike is driven into the ground and the mine is held upright . In addition the mine has an anti - handling device . The mines warhead uses the Misznay Schardin effect the penetrate up to 110 millimeters of armour . The mines also have a self - destruct facility which can be set to between 4 and 72 hours . On 7 May 2011 , the " New York Times " reported the Libyan government had used " a variant of the Grad rocket " to scatter a number of these mines over the port area of the disputed city of Misurata .
Chicago Air Defense Sector The Chicago Air Defense Sector ( CADS ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command ( ADC ) 30th Air Division at Truax Field Wisconsin . It was inactivated on 1 April 1966 . History . CADS was established by redesignation of the never active 4628th Air Defense Wing at Truax Field , Wisconsin in March 1957 with a mission to provide air defense of Illinois , Indiana , most of Iowa and northern Missouri , but did not assume control of former ADC Central Air Defense Force units until 1959 . The organization provided command and control over one interceptor and several radar squadrons . On 1 October 1959 , the new Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) Direction Center ( DC - 07 ) and a Combat Center ( CC - 02 ) became operational . DC - 07 was equipped with dual AN / FSQ - 7 Computer s . The day - to - day operations of the command were to train and maintain tactical flying units flying jet interceptor aircraft ( F - 102 Delta Dagger , F - 106 Delta Dart ) and radar squadrons in a state of readiness with training missions and series of exercises with Strategic Air Command and other units simulating interceptions of incoming enemy aircraft . The Sector was inactivated 1 April 1966 as part of ADC reorganization and consolidation , the command being replaced at Truax Field by the 20th Air Division , and its units in Indiana were reassigned to the 34th Air Division .
Soviet occupation zone The Soviet Occupation Zone ( ; , " Sovetskaya okkupatsionnaya zona Germanii " , " Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany " ) was the area of central Germany occupied by the Soviet Union from 1945 on , at the end of World War II . On 7 October 1949 the German Democratic Republic , which became commonly referred to as East Germany , was established in the Soviet Occupation Zone . The SBZ was one of the four Allied occupation zones of Germany created at the end of World War II . According to the Potsdam Agreement , the Soviet Military Administration in Germany ( German initials : SMAD ) was assigned responsibility for the ( present - day ) eastern portion of Germany . By the time forces of the United States and Britain began to meet Soviet forces , forming a Line of contact , significant areas of what would become the Soviet zone of Germany were outside of Soviet control . After several months of occupation these gains by the British and Americans were ceded to the Soviets , by July 1945 , according to the previously agreed upon occupation zone boundaries . The SMAD allowed four political parties to develop , though they were all required to work together under an alliance known as the " Democratic Bloc " ( later the National Front ) . In April 1946 , the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) merged to form the Socialist Unity Party ( which later became the governing party of East Germany ) . Joseph Stalin wanted to bring all of Germany under Soviet influence , but when the West resisted this idea , he sought to create a united Germany which would be non - aligned ( the " Stalin Note " ) . When the West resisted these efforts , Stalin decided to focus his efforts on the Soviet occupation zone . The SMAD set up ten " special camps " for the detention of Germans , making use of some former Nazi concentration camps . In 1945 , the Soviet occupation zone consisted primarily of the central portions of Prussia . After Prussia was dissolved by the Allied powers in 1947 , the area was divided between the German states " ( Länder ) " of Brandenburg , Mecklenburg , Saxony , Saxony - Anhalt und Thuringia . On 7 October 1949 , the Soviet zone became the German Democratic Republic , usually referred to in English as East Germany . In 1952 , the " Länder " were dissolved and realigned into 14 districts " ( Bezirke ) " , plus the district of East Berlin . " Soviet zone " and derivatives ( or also , " the so - called GDR " ) remained official and common names for East Germany in West Germany , which refused to acknowledge the existence of a state in East Germany .
Sapper Tab The Sapper Tab is a military badge of the United States Army which was authorized on June 28 , 2004 by the Army Chief of Staff , General Peter Schoomaker . To be awarded the Sapper Tab , a service member may or may not hold the military occupation specialty code ( MOS ) designation as a Combat Engineer ( Sapper ) , but must have graduated from the Sapper Leader Course ( SLC ) , which is operated by the U . S . Army Engineer School at Fort Leonard Wood , Missouri . The school falls under HHC , 35th Engineer Battalion , 1st Engineer Brigade . This award is retroactive back to the graduates of the first SLC on June 14 , 1985 . The full color tab is 2 3 / 8 inches ( 6 . 03 cm ) long , 11 / 16 inch ( 1 . 75 cm ) wide , with a red background and a 1 / 8 inch ( . 32 cm ) red border and the word " SAPPER " inscribed in white letters 5 / 16 inch ( . 79 cm ) high . The woodland subdued tab is identical , except the background is olive drab and the word " SAPPER " is in black letters . The desert subdued tab has a khaki background with the word “ SAPPER ” in spice brown letters . It is currently one of three permanent individual skill tabs authorized for wear by the U . S . Army . In order of precedence they are the Special Forces Tab , the Ranger Tab , and the Sapper Tab . However , only three tabs may be worn at one time ( not including tabs that are part of the shoulder sleeve insignia such as Airborne or Mountain ) . To wear the Sapper Tab , a soldier must graduate from the " Sapper Leader Course " ( SLC ) which is operated by the U . S . Army Engineer School at Fort Leonard Wood , Missouri . The Sapper Leader Course is a 28 - day course designed to train joint - service leaders in small unit tactics , leadership skills , and tactics required to perform as part of a combined arms team . The course is open to enlisted soldiers in the grades of E - 4 ( P ) ( in the Army , specialist on the list for promotion to sergeant ) E - 5 , and above , cadets , and officers O - 3 ( Army , captain ) and below . Students can come from any combat or combat support branch of the service , but priority is given to engineering , cavalry , and infantry soldiers .
225th Coastal Division ( Italy ) The 225th Coastal Division was an infantry division of the Italian Army during World War II . The division was located on the French island of Corsica . The division was formed from units of the regular army , from the 172nd and 173rd Infantry Regiments . Normally Coastal divisions were second line divisions , usually formed from men in their forties and fifties intended to perform labouring and second lined duties . Recruited locally , they were often commanded by officers called out of retirement . Their equipment was also second rate . The Prime Minister of Italy , Benito Mussolini had hoped to obtain large quantities of arms and equipment from the disbanded Vichy French army , but this was often negated by the fact that they arrived with no ammunition .
Woensdrecht Air Base Woensdrecht Air Base ( ) is a military airport between the villages of Woensdrecht and Huijbergen , about 10 km ( 6 miles ) south of the city of Bergen op Zoom in the Netherlands . It is located near the A58 motorway and the border with Belgium . The airport was founded in 1934 as a glider and training airfield for the Royal Dutch Air Force . During German occupation in the Second World War , the airfield was expanded . Messerschmitt Bf 109 and later Focke - Wulf Fw 190 aircraft were deployed here by the Luftwaffe . The airfield was captured by allied forces in December 1944 and used as an Advanced Landing Ground . After the war , it was used once again by the Royal Dutch Air Force for training purposes . In 1983 it was decided that Woensdrecht would house 48 Ground Launched Cruise Missile s fitted with nuclear warhead s for the 486th Tactical Missile Wing of the U . S . Seventeenth Air Force . The missile wing would have had a maximum complement of 1100 personnel . However , just after completion of the required facilities , the Intermediate - Range Nuclear Forces Treaty put a halt to these plans . The airport currently has one runway , 07 / 25 , which is 2 , 440 meters ( 8 , 005 feet ) long . It is now mainly used by the Royal Netherlands Air Force as a training and logistical base and normally does not house any combat units . It currently also has one civilian user , Fokker Services , a company providing maintenance , primarily but not exclusively for Fokker aircraft . Because of the presence of Fokker Services , a large number of Fokker aircraft are usually present at the airfield . The Royal Netherlands Air Force mainly operates the Pilatus PC - 7 for initial training from this Air Base .
Huntingdon Castle Huntingdon Castle was situated in the town of Huntingdon in Cambridgeshire ( ) . The site was originally occupied by the Saxons . In 1068 a Norman motte and bailey castle was built for William the Conqueror . During the Anarchy the castle was held by David , King of Scotland through his marriage to Maud , 2nd Countess of Huntingdon . He supported Empress Matilda in a battle of succession and the castle was much damaged at this time . However , when the succession was settled , David ' s son Henry paid homage to King Stephen who in turn gave him the borough of Huntingdon in addition to the castle . By 1173 the castle was still held by the kings of Scotland , at that time by William the Lion . He had sided with Henry , the rebel son of Henry II , during the Revolt of 1173 – 1174 , and the castle was besieged by Richard de Luci . The siege was taken over by Simon de St . Lis but it did not end until Henry II ( who had just performed penance at the tomb of Thomas Becket ) arrived at Huntingdon . The siege ended the following day and Henry then ordered that the castle be dismantled . Parts of the castle did remain , including the chapel , and its ownership passed through a number of hands . The castle was refortified during the Civil War . For a time it served as the county gaol and later a windmill stood on the castle mound . Nothing now remains of the castle itself although the site is a scheduled ancient monument .
9th Battle Squadron ( United Kingdom ) The British 9th Battle Squadron was a short - lived Royal Navy squadron consisting of battleship s serving in the Grand Fleet . August 1914 . In August 1914 , the 9th Battle Squadron was formed at Grimsby on 27 July 1914 , and comprised a number of the older " Majestic " - class pre - dreadnought battleship s . These included : Due to the age and obsolescence , on 7 August 1914 the 9th Battle Squadron was dissolved and the ships were allocated to guard ship duty and disarmed shortly after .
Šaunštejn Castle Šaunštejn Castle ( German : " Schauenstein " , also " Hohenleipaer Raubschloss " ) is a rock castle near Vysoká Lípa ( " Hohenleipa " ) in the Bohemian Switzerland in the Czech Republic . Today only a few ruins remain of the original castle . Preserved are the foundations of the wooden superstructure , several rooms that were chiselled - out of the rock and the cistern . History . The castle was built by the Berka z Dubé family from Lípa in the 14th century to protect the Old Bohemian Road ( " Alte Böhmerstraße " ) , the trade route from Bohemia to Lusatia . From 1435 it belonged to the Wartenbergs who used it as a base for raids . In the 15th century it was besieged several times by the Wettins und the Lusatian League and finally destroyed . Views . In clear weather the view extends from the Kaltenberg , the Lausche , the Rosenberg , over the Hoher Schneeberg to the Ore Mountains .
German submarine U - 1232 U - 1232 was a Type IX U - boat of the German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She made one offensive patrol , from November 1944 to February 1945 , to North America . On 14 January 1945 , the boat torpedoed and sank three ships within 13 minutes near Halifax Harbour off the Atlantic coast of Canada . During this action she was damaged so severely that she was forced to return to base . In May 1945 the British military captured " U - 1232 " at Wesermünde , Germany . On 4 March 1946 the boat sank at after she foundered whilst being towed to the scuttling grounds .
HMS B9 HMS " B9 " was a Royal Navy B class submarine , built at Vickers , Barrow - in - Furness , launched 24 January 1906 and completed 28 April 1906 . " B9 " was deployed to the Mediterranean soon after the outbreak of World War I . Due to the lack of spare parts this group of submarines were not used after September 1915 . In 1917 the Italian Navy converted " B9 " into to surface patrol boat " S9 " to serve in the Adriatic . On 29 March 1916 " B9 " was attacked by Austrian aircraft . " B9 " was sold on 31 October 1919 in Malta to Messrs . Francotosti .
French ship Scipion ( 1798 ) Scipion was a 74 - gun French ship of the line , built at Lorient to a design by Jacques Noel Sane . She was launched as " Orient " in late 1798 , and renamed " Scipion " in 1801 . She was first commissioned in 1802 and joined the French Mediterranean fleet based at Toulon , in the squadron of Admiral Leissègues . Consequently she was one of the ships ships afloat in that port when war with England reopened in May 1803 . She participated in the Battle of Cape Finisterre and the Battle of Trafalgar . The British captured her in the subsequent Battle of Cape Ortegal . In 1810 she participated in the Java campaign , which in 1847 earned her surviving crew the Naval General Service Medal . She participated in the blockade of Toulon in 1813 and was paid off in 1814 . She was broken up in 1819 . French Navy service . In 1805 , she was part of Admiral Villeneuve ' s fleet . She took part in the Battle of Cape Finisterre and was one of Rear - Admiral Pierre Dumanoir le Pelley ' s ships at the Battle of Trafalgar . Dumanoir commanded the six - ship vanguard of the French fleet , with " Formidable " , " Scipion " , " Duguay - Trouin " , " Mont - Blanc " , " Intrépide " and " Neptune " . Nelson ' s attacks left these ships downwind of the main confrontation and Dumanoir did not immediately obey Villeneuve ' s orders to return to the battle . When the ships did turn back , most of them only exchanged a few shots before retiring . On 4 November 1805 , in the Battle of Cape Ortegal , Admiral Sir Richard Strachan , with , , , and four frigates , defeated and captured what remained of the squadron . and took " Scipion " , which the Royal Navy commissioned as HMS " Scipion " . Royal Navy service . " Scipion " arrived in Plymouth on 4 November 1805 and was laid up . She underwent repairs between June 1808 and November 1809 , being commissioned under for the Channel in July 1809 . Captain Charles Phillips Butler Bateman took command on 25 September 1809 . She became the flagship of Rear Admiral the Hon . Robert Stopford in 1810 . Bateman and Stopford sailed her in the Bay of Biscay . On 8 October she sailed for the Cape of Good Hope and then the East Indies . In 1811 Captain James Johnson took command . Stopford ' s fleet consisted of four sail of the line ( including " Scipion " ) , thirteen frigate s , seven sloops and eight cruisers of the East India Company , captured the island of Java on 18 September 1811 . In 1847 , the surviving members of the expedition were awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp " Java " . Captain Henry Heathcote took command on 28 April 1812 . He then sailed " Scipion " for the Mediterranean on 20 July 1812 . Here she participated in the blockade of Toulon , including Admiral Edward Pellew ' s skirmish with the French fleet on 5 November 1813 . Fate . " Scipion " was paid off at Portsmouth on 29 October 1814 . She underwent a Middling Repair in September 1818 , but then was broken up in January 1819 .
Order of Dobrzyń The Order of Dobrzyń ( ) or Order of Dobrin ( ) , also known as the Brothers of Dobrzyń ( ) , was a military order created in the borderland of Masovia and Prussia ( today ' s Dobrzyń Land , Poland ) during the 13th century Prussian Crusade to ' defend against Baltic Prussian raids ' . In Latin the knight s were known as the Fratres Milites Christi ( de Prussia , de Dobrin , de Dobrzyń , de Mazovia ) , and they were nicknamed the " Prussian Cavaliers of Jesus Christ " . The Order was created by Christian of Oliva , the first Bishop of Prussia ( 1216 – 1228 ) , to protect Masovia and Kuyavia against raids from the pagan Prussians who defied Duke Konrad I of Masovia ' s attempts to subjugate them . The creation of the Order was confirmed by Pope Gregory IX ( 1227 – 1241 ) in 1228 . Duke Konrad granted the Knights the town of Dobrzyń ( Dobrin ) and the surrounding Dobrzyń Land ( ) , territory located south of and adjacent to Prussia . The Order of Dobrzyń was the only military order created in the territory of Poland . At first the Order was composed of 15 German knight s from Lower Saxony and Mecklenburg led by Master Brunon . The Order of Dobrzyń provided assistance to the Cistercian missionaries in Prussia and protection from the raids of the pagan Prussian tribes . Their ideology was represented by their clothing - over their armor they had white cloaks , with symbols of a red sword raised up and a red star representing the revelations of Jesus to non Christians . The rules of their orders were based on those of the Livonian Order and the Knights Templar . In the face of the Order ' s lack of success in battle against the Prussians , as well as their small number ( at its highest , 35 knights ) , in around 1235 the majority of the Knights joined the Teutonic Order , as allowed by a papal document , the Golden Bull of Rieti . In 1237 the rest of the Brothers were moved by Konrad to Drohiczyn to increase the military strength of that outpost . The Brothers of Dobrin were last mentioned when Drohiczyn was captured by Prince Daniel of Kiev in 1240 .
Bocock - Isbell House The Bocock - Isbell House is a structure within the Appomattox Court House National Historical Park . It was registered in the National Park Service ' s database of Official Structures on June 26 , 1989 . History . The Bocock - Isbell House has major importance to the Appomattox Court House National Historical Park by virtue of its association with the history and the site of General Robert E . Lee ' s surrender to General Ulysses S . Grant of the American Civil War . It was constructed in 1849 to 1850 by Thomas S . Bocock and Henry F . Bocock , brothers . Thomas was a member of the United States Congress and Speaker of the Confederate House of Representatives . At the time Henry was Clerk of the Court for Appomattox County . Lewis Daniel Isbell ( 1818 - 1889 ) was Appomattox County Commonwealth Attorney during the American Civil War ( Judge later ) and occupied the house at the time General Robert E . Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S . Grant in 1865 . He was Appomattox County ' s representative to the Secession Convention of 1861 and voted to secede from the Union . Historical significance . The Bocock - Isbell House has importance because of its distinctive characteristics of a type , period , and method of construction during the nineteenth century in rural Virginia . The building with its resources associated with the Bocock - Isbell House are typical of both a county government seat ( " court house " ) in Piedmont Virginia in the mid - nineteenth century and of a farming community in Virginia . Description . The Bocock - Isbell House is much like the Peers House . The post and beam house is a three bay two - story structure . The Bocock - Isbell House is nineteen feet wide by fifty feet deep with a raised basement of brick laid in common bond . The gable roof is covered with wood shingles . The house frame is sheathed by weatherboards . The southeast closet extension has a shed roof , is two and a half feet by six and a half feet . The north ( entrance ) porch has a flat roof of nearly fifteen feet by ten and a half feet . The south porch has a tin shed roof twenty feet by ten and a half feet . Both porches are on brick piers . The exterior of the house is restored and the interior is reconstructed . The first - floor , second - floor and basement windows are 6 / 6 DH . The first and second floor windows have shutters . The north facade entry door is a wood door with four raised panels , with a fifteen - light transom above . The Bocock - Isbell House was restored in 1948 to 1949 and preserved in 1992 to 1993 . Work was done on it again to stabilize it in 1995 and again it was preserved in 1999 .
Buffer ( navy ) Buffer is the colloquial title for the senior seaman sailor in a Commonwealth of Nations Navy ship . The formal title is chief boatswain ' s mate . This person is typically a chief petty officer or petty officer in frigates or destroyers , and in larger ships may be a warrant officer . In smaller ships , such as a patrol boat , the buffer may be a petty officer or leading rate . The buffer reports to the first lieutenant or deck officer , and has a wide - ranging roving commission to supervise seamanship evolutions ( activities ) and issue directions to seamen as required , and advise " part of ship " officers and petty officers on their activities . As such , directions and orders come with the ' line ' authority of the deck officer . The buffer will supervise major ship activities , such as : berthing alongside and taking on equipment in harbour ; anchoring , mooring and weighing ; rigging for refuelling or stores transfer at sea ; sending away and recovering a sea - boat . The commanding officer may occasionally call for advice from the buffer with the deck officer and executive officer in attendance , so that there is wide agreement and understanding between the senior seamanship staff . The equivalent position in the United States Navy would be that of a command master chief petty officer in the boatswain ' s mate rating .
Kurt Oppenländer Kurt Oppenländer ( 11 February 1892 – 17 March 1947 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several divisions . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Kurt Oppenländer was captured by American troops in 1945 and died in custody on 17 March 1947 in Garmisch - Partenkirchen .