naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Petro Franko Petro Ivanovych Franko ( ) ( 1890 – 1941 ) son of the Ukrainian writer Ivan Franko . Petro was a Ukrainian educator , pedagogue , writer , ethnographer , scientist , military leader , and politician . Franko is a co - founder of the Plast , a Ukrainian Scouting Organization and a former member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society . Biography . Born as his father in the village of Nahuyevychi of Drohobych powiat ( Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria ) on June 21 , 1890 , he graduated from the Lviv Polytechnic Institute . Until World War I Franko was a teacher in a Ukrainian gymnasium in Lemberg . During that time he published a book " Plast ' s games " ( Пластові ігри та забави ) . From 1914 he served in the " Ukrainian Sich Riflemen " where commanded a company ( sotnia ) as a poruchik ( poruchnyk ) . In 1918 he organized an aviation school of the Ukrainian Galician Army Command Center which was active until 1920 . Later worked as a teacher in Kolomea ( Poland ) . From 1931 - 1936 he worked as a chemical engineer in the scientific - research institute in Kharkiv ( Soviet Union ) . During that time , he became an author of 36 patented inventions . Before World War II , he lectured at the Lwow trade - economic institute as well as in the city of Jaworow ( again in Poland ) . In 1940 , he was elected as a deputy to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ' s " Verkhovna Rada " . With the start of Operation Barbarossa ( part of World War II ) in June 1941 , he was detained by Soviet authorities and transported out of Lviv . Franko died under unknown circumstances . Some sources claim that he died on June 28 , 1941 during his attempt to escape at the Proshov railway station near Ternopil while being transported by train . Another sources claim that he was tortured to death by NKVD operatives in the summer months of the same year . He loved singing . Works . He was the author of several books , including the historical novellas " Makhnivska Popivna " ( Махнівська попівна ) , " In ancient woods of Brazil " ( В пралісах Бразилії ) , memoirs " Ivan Franko from up close " ( Іван Франко зблизька ) , a movie script of " Boryslav Laughs " ( Борислав сміється ) and others .
Henry Oliver Hansen Henry Oliver " Hank " Hansen ( December 14 , 1919 – March 1 , 1945 ) was a United States Marine Corps sergeant who was killed in action on March 1 , 1945 during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II . He participated in the first United States flag raising over Iwo Jima , and was , for a time , mistakenly identified as one of the six flag rasiers in the famous photograph of the second flag raising by Joe Rosenthal . Early life . Hansen was born in Somerville , Massachusetts , with one sister and three brothers . He graduated from Somerville High School in 1938 . He joined the Marines at age 18 and trained as a Paramarine . The Paramarines disbanded in February 1944 and he was transferred to the 2nd Battalion , 28th Marines , 5th Marine Division . U . S . Marine Corps . Iwo Jima . Sgt . Hansen was a member of 3rd Platoon of E Company of the 2nd Battalion , 28th Marine Regiment , 5th Marine Division that landed on Iwo Jima on February 19 , 1945 . On February 23 , he was one of members of the 40 - man patrol led by 1st Lt . Harold Schrier who climbed Mount Suribachi and raised the first American flag on top of it and were photographed by Marine Corps photographer Lou Lowery . The flag and flagstaff was later replaced hours later that day with a larger flag and heavier flagstaff by five Marines from Second Platoon and Navy corpsman John Bradley from 3rd Platoon . The photograph of the second flag raising by Joe Rosenthal of the Associated Press became world famous . On March 1 , Hansen was killed in action . There became a disagreement after the battle over the identity of the Marine at the base of the 2nd flagpole in the famous photograph of the second flag - raising . Surviving second flag - raisers of the battle , Rene Gagnon and Bradley , had initially identified this person as Henry Hansen . Over a year and a half later , a Congressional investigation revealed that the Marine was actually Corporal Harlon Block and not Hansen . Ira Hayes , the other surviving second flag - raiser , was instrumental in proving Block ' s presence in the famous photo . In fact , Hayes had originally told a Marine officer that the flag raiser was really Block , but as the Marines had already made public announcements that Hansen had been identified as a second flag - raiser , Hayes , Gagnon , and Bradley were told to say nothing . Sgt . Hansen is buried at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific near Honolulu on the island of Oahu in Hawaii . The Henry O . Hansen Memorial Park , in his home town of Somerville , was named in his honor in June 2004 . Portrayal in film . Hank Hansen is featured in the 2006 Clint Eastwood movie " Flags of Our Fathers " , where he is played by American actor Paul Walker . The movie is based on the book of the same title .
2nd Regiment Alabama Volunteer Cavalry ( Confederate ) The 2nd Regiment Alabama Volunteer Cavalry was an Cavalry regiment that served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 2nd Alabama Cavalry was raised at Montgomery , Alabama , on May 1 , 1862 . The regiment surrendered at Forsyth , Georgia . At the end , the regiment mustered about 450 men .
Albert of Riga Albert of Riga or Albert of Livonia ( ; ; c . 1165 – 17 January 1229 ) was the third Bishop of Riga in Livonia . In 1201 he founded Riga , the modern capital of Latvia , and built the city ' s cathedral in 1221 . Albert headed the armed forces that forcibly converted the eastern Baltic region to Catholic faith , in the nature of a crusade that was undertaken while the Fourth Crusade was sacking Constantinople . Albert was born in Bexhövede , a part of Loxstedt . He and his brother Hermann were members of the powerful Buxhoeveden family from Bexhövede , now a part of Loxstedt , Lower Saxony . Because of this he has also been known as Albert of Buxhoeveden ( or " Bexhövede " , " Buxhövden " , " Buxhöwde " , " Buxthoeven " , " Appeldern " ) . Albert was a canon in Bremen when his uncle Hartwig , Archbishop of Bremen and Hamburg , named him Bishop of Livonia , provided that he could conquer and hold it , and convince the pagan inhabitants to become Christians . The patent was granted 28 March 1199 , and by the beginning of spring 1200 he embarked with a Baltic fleet of 23 vessels and more than 1 , 500 armed crusaders . He had the support of the Hohenstaufen German King , Philip of Swabia , and the more distant blessing of Pope Innocent III . Together with merchants from the Baltic Sea island of Gotland , Albert founded Riga in 1201 , where a small community of Hanseatic traders from Lübeck held a tentative trading encampment . He successfully converted many Livs under their leader Caupo , offering them protection against neighboring Lithuanian and Estonian tribes ; Albert also subjugated Latvian principalities of Koknese , Jersika and Tālava later on . The conquest of Livonia in full occupied almost three decades of his life . Albert created a military order , the Livonian Brothers of the Sword , and began to build his cathedral in 1215 . King Philip made him a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire , with Livonia for a fief , and thus Albert became a " Prince - Bishop " . In 1225 King Henry ( VII ) of Germany confirmed the title of Prince for Albert and his brother , Hermann . Albert declared his diocese independent of Bremen , and later Riga was raised to an archbishopric . A first - hand account of Albert is in the contemporary " Chronicle of Henry of Livonia " ( " Henricus Lettus " ) . Albert died in Riga in 1229 , but , as a Catholic Bishop , left no descendants . He was venerated as a Catholic saint until the Protestant Reformation . The present - day " von Buxhoeveden " are descendants of his cousin Johannes von Buxhoeveden . Albert ' s brother Theodoricus is the progenitor of the family " de Raupena " ( " de Ropa " , known today as " von der Ropp " ) that founded manors in Livonia and Courland . Albert Street in Riga is named after Bishop Albert . It is known for its " Art Nouveau " apartment buildings , many of them designed by the architect Mikhail Eisenstein .
Willy Kahle Feldwebel Willy Kahle was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . This feat came at the end of seven years of service to his nation . Willy Kahle was born in Tarff , Sans , Germany on 13 April 1892 . He became a professional motorcylist in his teens , before volunteering for Hussar Regiment No . 5 of the Imperial German Army in 1911 . He began pilot ' s training at " Fliegerersatz - Abteilung 8 " ( Replacement Detachment 8 ) at Grossenhain , Kingdom of Saxony on 18 July 1917 . Post graduation , he piloted two - seater reconnaissance airplanes . After this assignment , he returned for further training at " Jastaschule II " ( Fighter School 2 ) , Nivelles , Belgium . His subsequent assignment was to Jasta 27 as an Unteroffizier , on 29 July 1918 . His first aerial victory did not come until 2 September ; his sixth and final victory was on 4 November 1918 , a week before the Armistice . At some point , Kahle was awarded at least one class of the Iron Cross . In the latter days of the war , he was promoted to Feldwebel . While it is highly likely Willy Kahle survived the war , there is no further information about his subsequent life .
Philipp Lichtenberg Philipp Lichtenberg ( 9 September 1908 in Koblenz – 14 December 1993 in Kiel ) was a German chief engineer on a U - boat in World War II and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Mark L . Hersey Mark Leslie Hersey ( December 1 , 1863 – January 22 , 1934 ) was a Major General in the United States Army who commanded the 4th Infantry Division during World War I . The USS " General M . L . Hersey " is named after him . The , launched April 1944 , was named in his honor .
William Ainsley ( John ) William Ainsley ( 30 June 1898 – 23 June 1976 ) was a British coal miner and Labour Party politician . He was the Member of Parliament for North West Durham from 1955 to 1964 . Working life . Born in County Durham , Ainsley attended elementary school before enlisting in the Durham Light Infantry in 1916 to fight in the First World War . When he returned , he became a coal miner . He continued his education at evening classes and through correspondence courses . Local politics . Ainsley joined the Labour Party and helped the party by acting as the agent running election campaigns . In 1942 he was appointed to Durham County Counci l ( elections having been suspended during the war ) , where he specialised in education and became Chairman of the Education Committee . In December 1950 he was part of a delegation to central government over Durham County Council ' s decision to institute a closed shop for all its employees . He was vice - chairman of the County Council in 1952 and Chairman from 1953 to 1955 . He was Chairman of the Northern Advisory Council for Further Education from 1951 . Parliament . For the 1955 general election , Ainsley was selected as Labour Party candidate for North West Durham . He supported the mining industry , calling for more investment in British mines rather than importing coal from Rhodesia . He was a supporter of nationalisation who opposed an attempt in 1957 to water down party policy . He defended his old regiment from attempts to merge it . An active Methodist who was a local preacher , Ainsley served in the Methodist Youth department . He was generally loyal to the Labour Party ( never breaking the whip ) , and when asked in 1959 , he withdrew his name from a motion which opposed any move of NATO aircraft from French to British bases . In 1960 he called for a rise in the school leaving age to 16 , and in 1961 he urged integration of the independent schools with the state system and fully comprehensive mixed - sex schools . Retirement . Ainsley stood down at the 1964 general election .
Franz Piechulek Leutnant Franz Piechulek was a World War I flying ace credited with 14 aerial victories . He was assigned to Kest 5 on 27 October 1917 . He scored his first aerial victory there , downing a Nieuport on 22 November . He then moved on to Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 41 on 14 December . On 5 January 1918 , he set an enemy observation balloon afire for his second win . Four days later , he moved to Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 56 to pilot an Albatros D . V a or a Fokker D . VII . He arrived the same day as his new Staffelführer , Franz Schleiff . Between 5 March and 4 October 1918 , Piechulek rolled up another dozen triumphs , outlasting both Schlieff and his replacement , Dieter Collin . References . " Above the Lines : The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service , Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918 " Norman L . R . Franks , et al . Grub Street , 1993 . ISBN 0 - 948817 - 73 - 9 , ISBN 978 - 0 - 948817 - 73 - 1 .
Orote Field Orote Field is a former air base in the United States territory of Guam built by the United States Marine Corps and the United States Navy ( 1921 - 1931 ) . It was captured by the Imperial Japanese Navy at the start of World War II and remained under Japanese control until the end of July 1944 , when it was taken back by the USMC . The airfield itself , built on the Orote Peninsula , was one of many on Guam , and was closed for good in 1946 , but still sees some use as a touch - and - go training strip used by C - 130 Hercules crews located nearby on Andersen Air Force Base .
Femöre battery Femöre battery ( also known as " Battery OD " ) is a facility previously operated by the coastal artillery arm of Swedish armed forces . It is located only a short trip south - east of Oxelösund on the Swedish east coast , and is blasted into the rock on the Femöre peninsula . The facility totals approx . 3300m² in size , and is connected via an over 450 meter long tunnel , stretching across the length of the facility . The battery was part of a series of similar facilities built during the 1960s and 70 ' s as a defence against potential attacks from the Soviet Union . Battery OD was the third of a total of 30 forts built in Sweden during the cold war . The Femöre battery was decommissioned in 1997 , and was scheduled for dismantling in 2003 . Due to a local interest group , the large parts of the fort was instead preserved , and is today used as a museum . Since 2003 , the battery has been open for regular tours , during the summer . The armament consisted of 3 7 . 5 cm tornpjäs m / 57 , with an effective range of 13 kilometres .
Action of 6 October 1944 The Action of 6 October 1944 was an incident of World War II in which a German U - boat was sunk by a Dutch submarine while operating in the Java Sea . The sinking was part of the German U - boat campaign in the Indian and Pacific Oceans . Action . " Kapitänleutnant " Helmuth Pich commanded the boat during the time of her sinking . The submarine was steaming east to Soerabaja from Batavia where she was to rendezvous with and . From there , the wolfpack would operate against the western coast of Australia , but before meeting the other U - boats , " U - 168 " was discovered on the surface by the T - class HNLMS " Zwaardvisch " off the coast of Java in the Java Sea . Lieutenant Commander Hendrikus Abraham Waldemar Goossen immediately changed course into the direction of the sub and ordered his crew to battle stations . At 06 : 53 , 11 minutes after sighting the Germans , " Zwaardvisch " released six torpedoes from away on a 95° track . A few seconds later , an explosion was heard by the Dutch commander so he raised his periscope and observed as the enemy craft began to sink . Goossen also saw several officers and crewmen escaping from the conning tower hatch and they were captured . The torpedo hit " U - 168 " ' s bow and it quickly sank in of water off Java ' s northern coast at position 06°20 ' S - 111°28 ' E . Twenty - three men were killed and 27 became prisoners ; because space aboard " Zwaardvisch " was limited , however , 22 of the detainees were transferred to a fishing boat and allowed to go free . They eventually made it to the shores of Java . The prisoners included " Kapitänluetnant " Pich , three other officers and one wounded rating . Pich later informed the Dutch commander that his submarine was hit three times though only one torpedo exploded . " U - 168 " is not believed to have made any defense in the action , thus the Germans were sunk likely without realizing they were under attack until the torpedoes hit . The " Kriegsmarine " was convinced that the sinking of " U - 168 " was the result of " loose talk " due to the crew who brought their Indonesia n girlfriends aboard for a goodbye party . They also assumed that the exact position of " U - 168 " was discovered by the Allies long before the engagement , though Dutch reports suggest that they encountered the Germans simply by chance .
5 cm KwK 39 The 5 cm KwK 39 L / 60 " ( 5 cm Kampfwagenkanone 39 L / 60 ) " was a German 50 mm caliber gun used during Second World War , primarily as the main armament of later variants of the German Panzerkampfwagen III tank between 1941 - 1942 . It was developed as a variant of the towed gun 5 cm PaK 38 . This gun proved successful in North Africa against British cruiser tanks and light American M3 Stuart tanks . However , it was not sufficient against Soviet T - 34 and KV - 1 tanks . Rottman says , that for this reason it was phased out in favour of shorter 7 . 5 cm KwK 37 L / 24 gun that could fire HEAT rounds . Nevertheless , the first gun considered fully effective against these Soviet tanks was 7 . 5 cm KwK 40 L / 43 mounted on Panzer IV Ausf . F2 . This 50 mm gun was mounted as a defensive armament for reconnaissance vehicles like the Puma . Aerial version . BK 5 heavy - caliber autocannon
Sveto Letica Sveto Letica ( Podgora , 4 April 1926 - Split , 6 November 2001 ) , was a Croatian admiral , and the first commander of the Croatian Navy . Biography . Letica was born in 1926 in Podgora , where he was involved in creating a Partisan Navy in 1942 . He graduated at the Naval and War Academy . For 20 years he served on different warships of the Yugoslav Navy . He was Fleet commander , he was chief of a naval region , and before his retirement he served in " Generalštab " of JNA . He retired in 1986 with the rank of Vice Admiral in YPA . Decree of the President of the Presidency of the SFRY from September 1986 . retroactively promoted him in rank admiral . The long - time experience of Letica was precious for Croatia when the Croatian Navy was established . On 12 September 1991 , the President of the Republic , Franjo Tuđman , named him Commander of Croatian Navy . He served as supreme navy commander until his second retirement on 1 June 1996 He was retired by decision of the President . In September 1991 he was confirmed rank of Admiral , and in March 1996 promoted in rank of " Fleet Admiral " ( Stožerni admiral ) . He is buried in Lovrinac graveyard in Split .
Piaggio P . 10 The Piaggio P . 10 was a 1930s Italian three - seat reconnaissance biplane floatplane produced by Piaggio . Design and development . The P . 10 was a single - bay biplane which was designed to be catapult launched from Italian Navy battleships and cruisers . It had a single main float supplemented by small floats , one on each wingtip . The P . 10 was powered by a licence - built Bristol Jupiter VI radial engine . The aircraft had three open cockpits , one forward of the wings for the pilot , further aft was a cockpit for a gunner , just in front of the tailplane was the third cockpit for the observer . A landplane variant , the P . 10bis , had a fixed landing gear .
8th Flying Training Squadron The 8th Flying Training Squadron ( 8 FTS ) is part of the 71st Flying Training Wing based at Vance Air Force Base , Oklahoma . It operates the T - 6A Texan II aircraft conducting flight training . Mission . Performs Joint Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training ( JSUPT ) with T - 6A Texan II trainers . History . Activated in early 194 under Fourth Air Force ; after a brief organizational period in Southern California where it was equipped with reconnaissance P - 38 Lightning s ( F - 4 ) it deployed to the Southwest Pacific Area ( SPA ) , being assigned to Fifth Air Force in Australia . Engaged in long - range tactical reconnaissance missions over New Guinea ; later the Dutch East Indies and in late 1944 , over the Philippines in support of Mac Arthur ' s Island - Hopping campaign ( 1942 – 1945 ) . After the Japanese capitulation in August 1945 , became part of the Army of Occupation in Japan . It was not operational between April 1946 and July 1947 . From 1947 – 1949 flew photographic mapping missions over Japan , Korea , Philippines and other areas of western Pacific . During the Korean War , the squadron flew tactical reconnaissance sorties over North and South Korea from , 29 June 1950 – 24 February 1951 . The 8th has conducted undergraduate pilot training for active duty , Air National Guard , Air Force Reserve and selected foreign allies since 1 November 1972 . Since the mid - 1990s , the squadron has also conducted joint primary flight training for selected US Navy and US Marine Corps student naval aviator s , with command of the squadron alternating between Air Force officers in the rank of lieutenant colonel and Navy officers in the ranks of commander .
RAF Tain RAF Tain is a Ministry of Defence air weapons range on the Moray Firth near Tain in Scotland . Royal Air Force aircrews from RAF Lossiemouth and RAF Leuchars are trained in air weaponry on the range , along with NATO aircrew . History . The following units were posted to the airfield at some point during the Second World War : Current use . The original airfield is no longer in operation , but still exists within the boundaries of the range . The current station is the largest live weapons range in the Defence Training Estates . It was one of only three ranges in Europe where live bombs may be dropped ( the others are Cape Wrath ( RN ) and Otterburn ( Army ) ) , and thus crucial to the final certification of bomber pilots . Several Second World War airfield buildings in various states of decay can be seen from the road to Inverness and Portmahomack . RAF Tain is now under the control of DTE ( Defence Training Estates ) . The range has no live bombing as it is all done at the Cape Wrath range in the far northwest of Scotland at Durness . The weapons at Tain are and practice bombs and inert 1 , 000 lb concrete bombs . The Americans have in the past dropped BDU - 39 and - 50s and some inert bombs . Trainee pilots of No . 15 Squadron OCU ( Operational Conversion Unit from RAF Lossiemouth make use of the range , and it is available to aircrews from across the United Kingdom . The OCU use Tain to practice various types of attack from loft , dive and level from up to . It is also an important range for UK Forward Air Controller s and there NATO counterparts to maintain their air weapons qualifications . There are various bombing targets spread throughout the range , including strafe targets . The range is staffed by RAF controllers and assistants from VT Aerospace , both of whom also man the Cape Wrath range . As a Royal Naval Air Station , it was also known as RNAS Tain .