naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Donald C . Winter Donald Charles Winter ( born June 15 , 1948 ) is an American businessman who served as United States Secretary of the Navy . A former top executive of Northrop Grumman , he was nominated in 2005 by President George W . Bush , confirmed by the United States Senate , and took the oath of office on January 3 , 2006 . In January 2009 Defense Secretary Gates requested that Winter remain in office until President Obama picked his successor or to March 13 , 2009 . He resigned on March 13 . Life and career . Winter earned a bachelor ' s degree ( with highest distinction ) in physics from the University of Rochester in 1969 . He received a Master ' s Degree in 1970 , and a doctorate in physics in 1972 , from the University of Michigan . He joined the aerospace technology company TRW in 1972 , and directed laser physics projects in Redondo Beach , California . By 1978 , he was head of the optics department there . In 1980 , Winter received a three - year appointment to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) , serving under Dr . Bob Cooper during the very early years of research into the Strategic Defense Initiative ( SDI ) proposed by President Ronald Reagan . Winter ' s main responsibility was for Talon Gold , an advanced acquisition , tracking , and pointing experiment in space . During that period , he was awarded the Secretary of Defense ' s Medal for Meritorious Civilian Service . In 1982 , Winter resigned from his DARPA appointment early and returned to TRW , where he held senior systems engineering and program management responsibilities for a variety of space system programs for the next eight years . From 1990 through 1997 , as vice president and general manager of the defense systems division of TRW ' s Space & Electronics ( S & E ) business , Winter directed space systems activities that supported the national defense effort . Winter was president and CEO of TRW Systems from January 2000 until its acquisition by Northrop Grumman in December 2002 . After the Northrop acquisition , Winter became head of Northrop Grumman Mission Systems until his nomination by President Bush to become the civilian head of the Department of the Navy .
2nd Indian Infantry Brigade The 2nd Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II . It was formed in Rawalpindi in September 1939 . In October 1940 , it was re named 16th ( Independent ) Indian Infantry Brigade in November 1941 , and left India for Burma . The brigade was caught in the Battle of Sittang Bridge where it suffered heavy losses . Instead of being reformed in September 1942 , it was re named yet again this time to 116th Indian Infantry Brigade . Attached to the 39th Indian Infantry Division it now provided specialised jungle conversion training . An infantry battalion would spend from four to six months with the brigade , before being sent to the front to replace a tired battalion in one of the fighting divisions .
Siege of Silistra The Siege of Silistra took place during the Crimean War . In this action , Russian forces besieged the Ottoman fortress town of Silistra . While initially successful , the Russians were forced after several weeks to abandon the siege and retreat . Background . This battle took place during the Danube campaign of the Crimean War . In the spring of 1854 , following the winter lull in campaigning , the Russians determined to advance into Ottoman territory . In the east an army numbering 45 , 000 under Gen AN Luders crossed the border from Bessarabia into Dobruja to occupy various strong points there . By the beginning of April the Russians were at the site of Trajan ' s Wall , 30 miles east of Silistra . Meanwhile the central force under MD Gorchakov had crossed the river and had advanced to lay siege to Silistra itself . At Silistra an Ottoman force of 20 , 000 was encamped in the town , which was heavily fortified . Action . In 1854 Silistra was fortified with an inner citadel and a ring of ten outer fort s . The garrison in the town itself numbered 12 , 000 , while outside was a mobile army maintaining contact and supply routes . On 5 April the vanguard of the Russian force under KA Schilder arrived at the fortress and commenced building entrenchments . However they were unable to completely surround the town , and the Ottoman forces were able to keep the garrison supplied . On 22 April Field Marshal IF Paskevitch , commander of all Russian forces , arrived to take charge of the siege . On 10 May reinforcements arrived from Luders army and the bombardment of the town started in earnest . On 28 May a key outwork , the fort of Arab Tabia , was assaulted , but the attackers were driven back with heavy losses . On 9 June Paskevitch was wounded during an artillery duel and was forced to retire ; his place was taken by MD Gorchakov . On 13 June Schilder was also wounded and died shortly after . On 20 June another assault on the Arab Tabia was successful , opening the way for an assault on the main citadel . However at 2am on 21 June , just two hours before the assault was due to take place , Gorchakov received orders from Paskevitch to raise the siege and return to his positions north of the Danube . This was done by 24 June . Aftermath . The order to retreat was forced by diplomatic pressure and the threat of military action by the Austrians , who were increasingly concerned about Russian intentions in the area . The failure of the siege signaled a general withdrawal by Russia from the Principalities , which was largely completed by September 1854 .
229th ( South Saskatchewan ) Battalion , CEF The 229th Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Moose Jaw , Saskatchewan , the unit began recruiting in early 1916 in southern Saskatchewan . After sailing to England in April 1917 , the battalion was absorbed into the 19th Reserve Battalion on May 10 , 1917 . The 229th Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . H . D . Pickett . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Operation Silver ( 2007 ) Operation Silver was the name of a British led operation against Taliban forces in Helmand province in Afghanistan in 2007 . History . On April 5 , 2007 , coalition forces launched Operation Silver , as part of the wider Operation Achilles , with some 1 , 000 troops . After giving advance warning of their offensive , they advanced into Sangin , which had been mostly abandoned by the insurgents . The new governor of Helmand Assadullah Wafa , was able to install a new district governor , and ISAF claimed to have pacified the town . The Taliban claim to still control neighbouring areas . Since the end of the siege , the district compound has still come under attack , but the British have built two new forward operating base s a few miles away that draw most of the Taliban attacks away from the town .
Thomas Riversdale Colyer - Fergusson Thomas Riversdale Colyer - Fergusson VC ( 18 February 1896 – 31 July 1917 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Born in London in February 1896 to Thomas Colyer Colyer Fergusson and the late Beatrice Stanley . Colyer - Fergusson was 21 years old , and an acting captain in the 2nd Battalion , The Northamptonshire Regiment , British Army when performed the deed on 31 July 1917 at Bellewaarde , Belgium which earned him the Victoria Cross . He was shot dead by a sniper that day . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Museum of The Northamptonshire Regiment ( 48th & 58th Foot ) , Northampton , England and he is buried in Menin Road South Military Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery .
USS Kingfisher ( SP - 76 ) USS Kingfisher ( SP - 76 ) , a motor launch , was built in 1916 by George Lawley & Sons , Neponset , Massachusetts ; acquired by the U . S . Navy on 8 May 1917 from her owner , R . P . Mathiesson , Chicago , Illinois ; and commissioned 15 May at Newport , Rhode Island , Ensign R . P . Mathiesson , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 2nd Naval District , Newport , Rhode Island , " Kingfisher " enrolled in the Naval Coast Defense Reserve on 9 June . Based at New London , Connecticut , she patrolled Long Island Sound . On 7 January 1919 she was ordered returned to her former owner . USS " Kingfisher " decommissioned 22 January , and was turned over to her previous owner 4 March .
USS Rocket ( 1862 ) USS " Rocket " ( 1862 ) was a tugboat acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries . " Rocket " , built at Mystic , Connecticut , in 1862 as the wooden harbor tug " J . P . Billard " , was purchased for the Navy on 12 October 1863 from Copeland & Howe at New York City and renamed the same day . Service during the American Civil War . " Rocket " served as an ordnance tug carrying weapons and ammunition in New York Navy Yard during and after the Civil War . Reboilered in 1884 , " Rocket " was subsequently transferred to Boston Navy Yard to perform yard tug duties . Service during the Spanish American War . Thoroughly overhauled at Portsmouth Navy Yard ( Maine ) in 1889 , " Rocket ' s " last service was as a fireboat and tug in Boston Navy Yard through the Spanish - American War . Final decommissioning . Stricken from the Navy List on 27 October 1899 , " Rocket " was sold on 28 December 1899 to Carrie I . Hall at Newport , Rhode Island .
José Mariano Jiménez José Mariano Jiménez ( August 18 , 1781 – June 26 , 1811 ) was a Mexican engineer and rebel officer active at the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence . Mariano Jiménez was born in San Luis Potosí . He studied in the Colegio de Minería in Mexico City to become a mining engineer . He graduated in 1804 . He soon moved to Guanajuato , where he was able to follow the progress of the conspiracy led by Miguel Hidalgo that aimed to achieve the independence of Mexico from Spain . A few days after the war started , Jiménez joined Hidalgo ' s army and was able to rise quickly in rank until he achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel . He distinguished himself on the battlefield , such as during the Battle of Monte de las Cruces where his positioning of the artillery line was instrumental for the rebel victory . He was a very active officer and participated in the defense of Guadalajara and San Luis Potosí . Mariano Jiménez went to Mexico city to ask for the surrender of the city but the viceroy denied it , he went back to Guanajuato city and participated in her defense because the city was attacked by Calleja in November 24 , after he went to Guadalajara and San Luis Potosí . A betrayal by one of his subordinates led to his capture at the Wells of Baján ( " Norias de Baján " ) in Chihuahua in 1811 . He was tried for insubordination and executed by firing squad on June 26 , 1811 , together with other members of the insurgency such as Ignacio Allende and Juan Aldama in Chihuahua . Jiménez ' s body was decapitated and his head taken to the Alhóndiga de Granaditas , where it was shown to the public inside a cage hung from one corner of the building . In 1925 , his remains were moved to the mausoleum in the Independence Column in Mexico City .
Battle of Villmanstrand The battle of Villmanstrand was fought during the Russo - Swedish War on August 23 , 1741 , when Russia n forces , under the command of General Peter von Lacy , assaulted Villmanstrand ( ) . Fighting began around 2 pm but the Swedes withdrew already at 5 pm . Swedish casualties amounted to 2 , 000 men killed or wounded and 1 , 000 captured , among them General Carl Henrik Wrangel . Russia lost 2 , 400 men . Von Lacy did not continue his movement after the battle . Henrik Magnus Buddenbrock was executed for his perceived incompetency .
William Clamp William Clamp VC ( 28 October 1891 – 9 October 1917 ) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Clamp was born on 28 October 1891 to Charles and Christina Dundas Clamp , of Flemington , Motherwell . He was 25 years old , and a corporal in the 6th Battalion , The Yorkshire Regiment ( Alexandra , Princess of Wales ' s Own ) , British Army when he was awarded the VC for actions on 9 October 1917 at the Battle of Poelcapelle , Belgium which led to his death . Citation . Clamp is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Green Howards Museum , Richmond , North Yorkshire , England .
Wissekerke Castle The Wissekerke Castle is situated in the village of Bazel of Kruibeke municipality in the East Flanders province of Belgium . Although a castle stood at this site since 10th century , the present castle was largely built in the 15th century with lake , park and a suspension bridge . The suspension bridge by the castle is one of the oldest surviving wrought iron suspension bridge s in Europe and was designed in 1824 by Jean - Baptiste Vifquain , an engineer from Brussels Many famous people lived at Wissekerke castle , including the influential family of Vilain XIIII . For 139 years the members of this family were the mayors of Bazel . Through the centuries the castle has been rebuilt and renovated . The most important building works were completed in the 19th and 20th centuries . Most of the present architecture recalls 19th century neo - gothic style . The major interior features also date from this period . The castle , the gatehouse , the iron suspension bridge and the pigeon tower were listed as monuments in 1981 . In 1989 the castle was purchased by the town of Kruibeke , which has since handled the restoration work . The castle is also venue to many cultural activities , tours and exhibitions . In spite of the modest span of 23 meters , the bridge is of great industrial archaeological value , because of its historical and structural uniqueness . Since 1981 , the bridge at Bazel has been a protected historic monument .
Canada First Defence Strategy The Canada First Defence Strategy ( CFDS ) is the military recruitment , military procurement and improvement strategy of the Canadian government to improve the overall effectiveness of the Canadian Forces . The strategy also aims to enforce Arctic sovereignty with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Canadian Coast Guard . Purpose . The purpose of the Canada First Defence Strategy is to give Canada a modern military with clearly defined missions and capabilities . The strategy focuses on many key military functions and operations and on improving the equipment and fleets that the Canadian Forces operates . Missions . The Canada First Defence Strategy is working on six core missions as level of ambition for the Canadian Forces . According to the strategy the forces must be able to support all of the following operations and if necessary , support them all simultaneously . Personnel . The Canada First Defence Strategy is also working to increase the number of personnel in the Canadian Forces in order to improve the military ' s operational effectiveness . The Canadian Forces currently has approximately 65 , 000 active personnel and 26 , 000 reserve personnel . However , the CFDS plans to increase personnel levels to 70 , 000 active and 30 , 000 reserve sometime in the next 20 years , with an increase to 67 , 000 active personnel by 2009 / 2010 , 68 , 000 by 2011 / 2012 and 69 , 300 by 2014 / 2015 . The reserves should reach 27 , 000 by 2011 / 2012 and 28 , 000 by 2014 / 2015 . Equipment improvement and replacement . The CFDS provides a plan to invest $ 15 billion in the next few years on the improvement and replacement of Canadian Forces ' major fleets and equipment , to include : Another $ 20 billion has been committed for equipment replacement and improvement in the future , to include : Funding . The Canada First Defence Strategy is also primarily focused on the funding for the Canadian Forces , and the strategy outlines plans to increase funding for the Canadian Forces from $ 18 billion in 2007 - 2008 to over $ 30 billion in 2027 - 2028 . The overall funding and investments in the forces will amount to $ 490 billion over the 20 year period of the strategy .
Ignatyevo Airport Ignatyevo Airport ( ) is a large airport in Russia located 20 km northwest of Blagoveshchensk . It services up to medium - sized airliners and conducts 24 - hour flight operations . The civilian area parks 44 aircraft , with a military pad on the northwest side of the airfield , possibly for forward deployment purposes . Accidents . On 8 August 2011 , IrAero Flight 103 , operated by Antonov An - 24 RA - 46561 overran the runway on landing . Of the five crew and 31 passengers on board , twelve people were injured .
Battle of San Germano The Battle of San Germano ( or the Battle of Mignano ) was the final battle in the Neapolitan War between an Austrian force commanded by Laval Nugent von Westmeath and the King of Naples , Joachim Murat . The battle started on 15 May 1815 and ended on 17 May , after the remaining Neapolitan force was routed at Mignano . Following his defeat at the Battle of Tolentino , Murat had fallen back to San Germano , now Cassino . There Murat reinforced his battered army with the Army of the Interior , which had been left in reserve to defend Naples during the war . Even so , most of the original Neapolitan force had been killed , wounded or deserted , and Murat ' s force only totalled 15 , 000 . Meanwhile , General Nugent ' s force , who had marched from Florence , arrived in Rome on 30 April . From there , he marched towards Ceprano , where there was a minor engagement with a band of local militia . After receiving word of Murat ' s defeat at Tolentino , Nugent moved to intercept his retreat back to Naples . By 14 May , the Austrians were moving on Murat ' s position in San Germano . The following day , Murat decided to counterattack and drove back Nugent ' s vanguard , before attacking the entire Austrian line . However , another Austrian force of 25 , 000 men under the command of Frederick Bianchi , which had followed Murat from Tolentino , were now moving to surround the Neapolitan position . With the attack faltering , and the Neapolitans beginning to sustain substantial casualties , Murat pulled back to San Germano and formed a defensive position . But as soon as Nugent ' s force approached , the Neapolitans panicked and retreated . Murat fell back to Capua with a small portion of the army , whilst the bulk of the army regrouped and took up a position around Mignano . It was here that a force of about 1 , 000 hussar s supported by jägers and Grenzer s assaulted and routed the remaining 6 , 000 Neapolitans . The majority of the Neapolitans fled as soon as the battle started , with the Austrians eventually taking over 1 , 000 prisoners . With the entire Army of the Interior now in disarray , Murat chose to flee Italy altogether on 19 May and the Neapolitans sued for peace , resulting in the Treaty of Casalanza .
Mobile offshore base In the defense industry of the United States , a mobile offshore base ( MOB ) sometimes called a Joint Mobile Offshore Base ( JMOB ) — is a concept for supporting military operations where conventional land bases are not available . Such a floating offshore base has been researched and proposed , but never developed . A MOB is a modular floating base that can be deployed to provide flight , maintenance , supply and other forward logistics support operations . MOB modules will most likely be semi - submersible s which have significantly smaller wave - induced motions compared to conventional hulls . This modularity supports the widest possible range of air support , ranging from vertical / short takeoff and landing ( VSTOL ) aircraft using a single module to conventional takeoff and landing ( CTOL ) aircraft using several serially aligned modules approaching 2 km ( 6 , 000 feet ) in length . In addition , a MOB accepts ship - borne cargo , provides nominally 280 , 000 m² ( 3 million square feet ) for equipment storage and maintenance , stores 40 million litres ( 10 million gallons ) of fuel , houses up to 3 , 000 troops ( an Army heavy brigade ) , and discharges resources to the shore via a variety of landing craft . The cluster could have an air strip that could hold a large aircraft such as the C - 17 . History . The idea of the MOB was first seriously considered when the United States entered Operation Desert Shield ( 1990 – 91 ) . The U . S . was forced to request the use of allied bases , which , besides strictly military considerations , proved to be politically sensitive in the case of Saudi Arabia . With the MOB concept the U . S . could have a base anywhere in the world in as little as a month . The base as conceived would have had virtually unlimited capabilities , and most of its creators did not envision just a floating air strip , but a town - sized base . The " Joint Mobile Offshore Base " was a MOB concept for expeditionary warfare and humanitarian and commercial operations developed in the late 1990s by McDermott International , Inc . of Arlington , Virginia . The JMOB was to be composed of five self - powered units and a one - mile long runway that could accommodate a fully loaded C - 17 Globemaster III . NATO was thought to be interested in the concept at the time . A report presented to the U . S . Congress in April 2000 identified that such a base was technologically feasible and could be built by United States industry . A further report in 2001 by the Institute for Defense Analyses concluded that the estimated US $ 5 billion to US $ 8 billion was less cost effective than alternate solutions . Once positioned , the MOB would operate as a base for an extended period , so it would need to have port - like facilities for unloading and loading conventional container and Roll - on / roll - off ships .
USS Everett F . Larson ( DE - 554 ) USS " Everett F . Larson " ( DE - 554 ) was a proposed World War II United States Navy " John C . Butler " - class destroyer escort that was never completed . The name " Everett F . Larson " was assigned to DE - 554 on 30 November 1943 . Plans called for her to be built at the Boston Navy Yard at Boston , Massachusetts . Her construction contract was cancelled on 10 June 1944 . The name " Everett F . Larson " was reassigned to the destroyer USS " Everett F . Larson " ( DD - 830 ) .
NMS Smeul NMS " Smeul was a torpedo boat which served in the Romanian Royal Navy . The ship served as Tb 83 F " in the Austro - Hungarian Navy . In 1944 - 45 , the ship served in the Soviet Navy as " Toros " , then returned to Romania .