naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William Melville Alexander William Melville Alexander DSC ( 8 November 1897 – 4 October 1988 ) was a Canadian First World War flying ace , officially credited with 22 victories . Involvement in World War I . Alexander joined the RNAS in 1916 and served with 3 Wing in France from early 1917 , flying Sopwith 1½ Strutter aircraft . When 3 Wing disbanded in April 1917 , Alexander was posted to the newly formed 10 ( N ) Squadron , which was flying Sopwith Triplane aircraft . Alexander was in the notable Canadian Ace Raymond Collishaw ' s ' Black Flight ' . The unit converted to Sopwith Camel s , in which Alexander continued to achieve successes in actions against enemy aircraft , becoming a flight commander . He completed four hundred and sixty - five hours of war - time flying and returned to Home Establishment in May 1918 . His war time tally consisted of 5 aircraft destroyed , and 17 ' out of control ' victories , one of which was shared with other pilots . Text of citations . Distinguished Service Cross . " Flt . Lieut . ( Act . Flt . Cdr . ) William Melville Alexander . R . N . A . S . On 16 August 1917 , he attacked at about 3 , 000 feet two hostile scouts , one of which , after a short combat , fell completely out of control . On 20 August 1917 , while returning from patrol , he observed three enemy scouts . These he pursued until they turned to fight . One of the scouts he shot down completely out of control , and the remaining two dived away . On 21 August 1917 , while on an offensive patrol , he attacked and drove down completely out of control an enemy scout , which was attacking another member of his patrol . Flt . Lieut . Alexander has at all times shown the greatest bravery and determination . "
Rohrbach Ro II The Rohrbach Ro II was an all - metal , 4 - seat reconnaissance and bomber flying boat , designed and produced in Germany in 1923 . Development . Founded in 1923 by Dr . - Ing . Adolf Rohrbach , the Rohrbach Metall - Flugzeugbau GmbH designed and built many aircraft using light alloy stressed - skin construction methods that were at the cutting edge of aircraft design in the 1920s . His previous experience with light alloys at the Zeppelin - Staaken factory served Rohrbach well when designing the Rohrbach stressed - skin aircraft . After designing the unbuilt ' RoI ' twin - engined flying boat , Rohrbach developed the ' Rohrbach RoII ' flying boat as an all - metal shoulder - winged monoplane flying boat with two tractor engines mounted in nacelles above the wings on struts . Planforms and profiles were kept as simple as possible with rectangular section fuselage frames ( with vee planing bottoms ) , constant chord wings , tailplane and fin with square - cut tips and distinctive protruding servo / trim / balance tabs at wing and fin tips . The two - seat open cockpit sat between the engines at the wing leading edge , with an open gunner / bosun ' s position at the extreme nose . A very unusual feature of several of Rohrbach ' s flying boats was the provision of a pair of masts and sails to be rigged in the event of engine failure to allow the aircraft to be sailed back to safety . At the time of the RoII ' s production the Versailles Treaty forbade the construction of large aircraft in Germany so Rohrbach set up a Danish company , the ' Rohrbach - Metall - Aeroplan Co . A / S ' , to build the early Rohrbach aircraft . The strict regulation of the aircraft industry was relaxed in 1926 allowing the Rohrbach series to be built at the Rohrbach Metall - Flugzeugbau GmbH factory in Berlin . Operational history . The first flight of the RoII took place on 11 November 1923 , piloted by Werner Landmann and the aircraft was used in FAI record attempts for speed / load on 24 October 1924 . After trials and record attempts were completed the aircraft was sold to Mitsubishi Shoji Kaisha Ltd . . Variations on the Rohrbach RoII theme were produced by modifying the design and fitting different engines ; The aircraft produced by the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal was designated Yokosho Experimental Type R - 1 , Mitsubishi ' s effort was designated Mitsubishi Experimental Type R Flying - boat ( aka Mitsubishi R - 2 ) and Hiro Naval Arsenal s aircraft was designated Hiro Experimental R - 3 Flying - boat . All three aircraft were used for trials by the Imperial Japanese Navy , but production was not carried out .
Wilhelm Gerstenmeier " SS - Hauptsturmführer " Wilhelm Gerstenmeier ( January or October 17 , 1908 – December 3 , 1944 ) was a German member of the SS ( card number 13300 ) during World War II . He was convicted of atrocities committed at the Majdanek concentration camp in occupied Poland and hanged for war crimes on the grounds of the camp in 1944 . Highlights . Wilhelm Gerstenmeier was born in Augsburg , Bavaria , a son of Karl Gerstenmeier and Eilzabeth nee Krippendorf . He was married with two children before the Nazi German invasion of Poland . While in Poland , he served as Master Sergeant in the Schutzstaffel squadron of the Waffen - SS and in 1941 was assigned as assistant to " SS - Obersturmführer " Anton Thernes , commandant of the camp administration in charge of slave labour , starvation rationing and maintenance of the camp structures . Gerstenmeier rose to the rank of Obersturmführer at Majdanek as manager of the storage depot for property and valuables stolen from the victims at the killing centers in Belzec , Sobibor , and Treblinka . He was captured by the Soviets and arraigned before the courts on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity at the First Majdanek Trial , which lasted from November 27 , 1944 to December 2 , 1944 . He was sentenced to death by hanging and executed on December 3 , 1944 along with Anton Thernes and five other war criminals close to the camp gas chambers and crematorium . Majdanek , also known as KL Lublin remains the best preserved Nazi concentration camp of the Holocaust . During the mere 34 months of its operation , more than 79 , 000 people were murdered there , at the main camp alone ( 59 , 000 of them Polish Jews ) . Some 18 , 000 Jews were killed at Majdanek on November 3 , 1943 during the largest single - day , single - camp massacre of the Holocaust , named Harvest Festival ( totalling 43 , 000 with subcamps ) .
Siege of Catubig The Siege of Catubig was a long and bloody engagement fought during the Philippine - American War , in which Filipino guerrillas launched a surprise attack against a detachment of U . S . infantry , and then forced them to abandon the town after a four - day siege . It began on April 15 , 1900 , and lasted four days before the survivors were rescued . The attack was very similar to the Balangiga Massacre farther south of Catubig a year later . Background . A few days before the battle , the U . S . 43d Infantry Regiment ( PS ) was sent to Catubig , on the northern part of the island of Samar , to stop guerrillas from getting supplies from suspected sympathizers . This was a time when conventional war in the Philippines had been abandoned and had entered the new phase of guerilla warfare . The 43rd were relatively raw recruits and had little experience in combat . In fact , they had only been in the islands for four months before they were ordered to Catubig . Battle . On the morning of April 15 , hundreds of Filipino guerillas attacked them , well armed with bolo s , pistol s , spears , and Spanish Mauser s . The guerillas let loose a tremendous volley of cannon and rifle fire that drove the entire regiment into their barracks . For two days , the regiment withstood a withering fire with a loss of only two men , before their barracks were lit ablaze . Unable to extinguish the fire , they were forced to flee the burning building and face the attackers . When they reached the open , the whole regiment lost all coordination and broke up into two groups : one running for some boats on the river bank and the other for the rear of the barracks . All 15 men running for the boats were killed , either cut down in the streets or shot in the boats . The others made makeshift trench es , dug with their bayonet s , and for another two days kept the guerillas in check until a rescue party in the steamer " Lao Aug " came to their aid . The relief force managed to save the survivors under a hail of Mauser bullets , making it back to their base before the guerillas could regroup and attack again . Aftermath . Of 36 soldiers of the 43rd , 21 were killed and 8 were wounded , although some sources state the number of killed at 31 . The Philippine losses were unknown . U . S . accounts claim as high as 150 . The survivors of Company C , who were nearly annihilated during the Balangiga massacre , also claimed extremely high losses on the Filipino side .
J . C . King J . C . King Joseph Caldwell King ( 1900 – 1977 ) was the Chief of the Western Hemisphere Division of the CIA in the 1950s and 1960s . He was also known by his CIA code name of Oliver G . Galbond and as Colonel J . C . King . Career . King graduated from the U . S . Military Academy at West Point in 1923 . King then became a vice - president at Johnson and Johnson in charge of Brazil and Argentina . After this , he joined Nelson Rockefeller ' s Coordinator of Inter - American Affairs ( CIAA ) , also known as the Rockefeller Office . He was stationed in Argentina from 1941 to 1945 , where he was engaged in feeding deceptive information to Japanese agents ( see Thaddeus Holt , The Deceivers ) , and Guatemala from 1952 to 1953 . King is believed to have advocated assassination of Che Guevara and Fidel and Raul Castro as early as December 11 , 1959 . He is also believed to be the CIA point man of the overthrow of João Goulart , President of Brazil , in 1964 . King officially retired from the CIA in 1967 , but soon came back as a CIA consultant . He was CEO of the Amazon Natural Drug Company , known as a front for the CIA . King ' s health was deteriorating at that time due to a combination of his age and Parkinson ' s disease and he died in January 1977 .
Fleet Radio Unit Fleet Radio Units ( FRU ) were the major centers for Allied cryptological and signals intelligence during the Pacific Campaign of World War II . Initially two FRUs were established in the Pacific , one at Pearl Harbor , Hawaii , called Station HYPO or FRUPAC ( Fleet Radio Unit , Pacific ) , and the other , called Station CAST or Belconnen , at Cavite Naval Yard , then Corregidor , Philippines . With the fall of the Philippines to Imperial Japanese forces in April and May 1942 , CAST personnel were evacuated to a newly established FRU at Melbourne , Australia , called FRUMEL ( Fleet Radio Unit , Melbourne ) . HYPO and FRUMEL supervised detached field units scattered at various locations and aboard ships throughout the south , central , and north Pacific areas until the end of World War II . A third center , NEGAT , was based at OP - 20 - G headquarters in Washington DC . The entire cryptanalysis effort conducted by the units was called " Operation Magic " . Liaison between the units and with the Far East Combined Bureau ( FECB ; the British signals intelligence center at Colombo , Ceylon in 1942 ) was titled " Copek " .
Russian cruiser Izumrud Izumrud ( , meaning " Emerald " ) was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy , and the lead ship in the two - ship class . The " Izumrud " and her sister ship were based on the German - built . Background . Izumrud was ordered as part of the Imperial Russian Navy ’ s plan to expand the Russian Pacific Fleet based at Port Arthur and Vladivostok to counter the growing threat posed by the Imperial Japanese Navy towards Russian hegemony in Manchuria and Korea . Operational History . " Izumrud " was laid down at the Nevsky Shipyard in Petrograd , Russia on January 1 , 1901 . However , construction was delayed due to priority given to completion of the . She was launched on October 1 , 1903 . Construction continued to be plagued by delays , including an ice storm in December . However , with the start of the Russo - Japanese War in early 1904 , construction efforts were greatly accelerated . " Izumrud " was formally commissioned in January 1904 and she was assigned to the Second Pacific Squadron of the Russian Pacific Fleet . During the Russo - Japanese War . Under the overall command of Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky , " Izumrud " was part of the Second Pacific Squadron intended to relieve the Japanese siege of Port Arthur . Captained by Commander Vasili Fersen , she participated in the decisive Battle of Tsushima from May 27 – 28 , 1905 . At the end of the battle , Fersen refused to obey the order of Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov to surrender , and used her speed to escape through the Japanese blockade . However , on the night of May 28 , she ran aground in the Gulf of Vladimir in the Russian Maritime Province and was abandoned . Her crew reached Vladivostok by land .
Jeremiah Augustus Henderson Jeremiah Augustus ( “ Gus ” ) Henderson was a businessman and captain of the Confederate army from Gainers Store , Alabama . His sons include Charles Henderson , former governor of Alabama , and Fox Henderson , a successful banking and business entrepreneur . Early life . Jeremiah Augustus ( “ Gus ” ) Henderson was born June 12 , 1832 , in Gainers Store , Alabama ( now Henderson , Alabama ) . He spent his childhood and teenage years helping out in the store owned by his parents , Eli and Mary Darby Henderson . This early exposure to business would have a profound effect on his adulthood : As Henderson grew up , he expanded his businesses and gained a reputation for both his leadership skills and his business savvy . The Civil War . As tensions built between the North and the South , Henderson was chosen as one of three delegates to represent Pike County at Alabama ’ s state secession convention . Henderson , a member of the Whig party , was personally opposed to secession , but he acted in accordance with his constituents and voted in favor of secession from the Union . Alabama officially seceded from the Union on January 11 , 1861 . A few months later , the American Civil War began after Confederate troops attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina . Unsure of the future , Henderson sold all of his businesses and invested the money in land before joining the Confederate Army . Henderson was a captain in the 57th Alabama Infantry Unit , Company B ; he remained in the Confederate Army throughout the duration of the war . Return to Pike County . After the Civil War ended , Henderson returned home to Gainers Store . He began farming on some of his land , and he opened a mercantile store with $ 550 of his father ’ s money . His business expanded rapidly , and Henderson found it difficult to transport and receive shipments by wagon . In 1869 , Henderson moved his mercantile business to the nearby city of Troy , Alabama to be closer to the Mobile and Girard Railroad . Henderson quickly became one of the most successful ( and wealthiest ) businessmen in southeastern Alabama ; his trade extended beyond Troy to other parts of Alabama and Florida . Family life . Gus Henderson married Mildred Elizabeth ( “ Millie ” ) Hill when he was 21 years old . The couple had seven children , including future Alabama governor Charles Henderson and future Troy business leader Fox Henderson . Jeremiah “ Gus ” Henderson died suddenly on April 6 , 1877 . He was 46 years old . He is buried with his wife , Mildred , in Oakwood Cemetery in Troy , Alabama . Henderson ’ s direct descendants living today include Jeremiah Augustus ( “ Jere ” ) Henderson II and Jeremiah Augustus ( “ Jeremy ” ) Henderson III .
Antoni Tomiczek Antoni Tomiczek ( born November 13 , 1915 in Pstrążna ) – Polish pilot of World War II who now lives in Pstrążna in Silesia . It is also the patron saint of high school in Lyski . Short Biography . His parents were – Francis ( employee of the Coal Mine in Rydułtowy ) and her mother Marianna née Szymiczek . From 1922 – 1930 he attended school in Pstrążna . After graduating , he joined the School of Infantry NCOs to minors in Konin . He took part in addressing Zaolzie in October 1938 . Immediately after , he was directed to the course instructors to Warsaw ( theoretical ) and Radom ( practical training ) . November 20 , 1946 , the Antoni Tomiczek ended his service in the Polish Air Force to the extent Polish and English Ensign Warrant Officer . He decided to return to the country and May 12 , 1947 , the first time in many years stood on Polish soil in Gdansk . He returned to Upper Silesia , in the homeland . Today belongs to the Association of South Polish Airmen in Jaworzno and Senior Aviation Club in Katowice . For actions in combat during World War II was twice awarded the Cross of Valour and the Medal of the Yugoslav Medalja " Smrt fasizmu – Sloboda of the Nation , " while the war and the Knight ' s Cross of Merit Officer ' s Cross of the Polish Revival and the Order of Merit for the Katowice Province . It also has a number of commemorative medals . Sources ( Polish language ) . 1 . GimnazjumLyski . pl 2 . Katowice . Gazeta . pl 3 . Lokalna24 . pl 4 . Polishairforce . pl
Andreas du Plessis de Richelieu Andreas du Plessis de Richelieu ( 24 February 1852 - 25 March 1932 ) was a Danish naval officer and businessman who became a Siamese admiral and minister of the navy . He was granted the Thai noble title Phraya Chonlayutthayothin ( ) . He commanded Siamese gunboats in the Paknam Incident of July 13 , 1893 , that ended the Franco - Siamese War , and went on to become the first and only foreign - born commander - in - chief of the Royal Thai Navy , from 16 January 1900 to 29 January 1901 . He returned to Denmark in 1902 , suffering from malaria .
Distinguished Service Medal ( US Coast Guard ) The Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal ( CGDSM ) is a decoration of the United States Coast Guard that was established 4 August 1949 by . Prior to this date , members of the Coast Guard were eligible to receive the Navy Distinguished Service Medal . The medal is presented for , " Exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility . " The Homeland Security Distinguished Service Medal , which replaced the Transportation Distinguished Service Medal in 2002 , is another higher precedence Distinguished Service Medal that may be awarded to Coast Guardsmen . Criteria . The Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal is awarded to any member of the U . S . Coast Guard who distinguishes themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the United States Government in a duty of great responsibility . The exceptional performance of duty must be clearly above what is normally expected and must have contributed materially to the success of a major command or project . The decoration is typically awarded to senior flag officers , such as the Commandant of the Coast Guard . However , this does not preclude the award of the medal to any person who meets the eligibility requirements . The bestowing authority of the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal is the Secretary of Homeland Security . Prior to 2003 , the award was authorized by the Secretary of Transportation .
USS Hyac ( SP - 216 ) USS " Hyac " ( SP - 216 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . Based at Chicago and assigned to the " 9th , 10th , and 11th Naval Districts " — at the time a single administrative entity made up of the 9th Naval District , 10th Naval District , and 11th Naval District - - " Hyac " served as a patrol boat on the Great Lakes between Chicago and Sault Ste . Marie , Michigan , during World War I . Following the end of the war , " Hyac " was returned to her owner on 26 November 1918 .
Battle of Franklin ( 1863 ) The 1863 Battle of Franklin was fought April 10 , 1863 , in Williamson County , Tennessee , during the American Civil War . It was a minor engagement in about the same location as the more famous Battle of Franklin ( November 30 , 1864 ) , part of the Franklin - Nashville Campaign . Battle . The 1863 engagement at Franklin was a reconnaissance in force by Confederate cavalry leader Maj . Gen . Earl Van Dorn , coupled with an equally inept response by Union Maj . Gen . Gordon Granger . Van Dorn advanced northward from Spring Hill , Tennessee , on April 10 , making contact with Federal skirmishers just outside Franklin . Van Dorn ' s attack was so weak that when Granger received a false report that Brentwood to the north was under attack , he believed it and sent most of his cavalry northward thinking that Van Dorn was undertaking a diversion . When the truth became known — there was no threat to Brentwood — Granger decided to attack Van Dorn , but was surprised to learn that a subordinate had already done so , without orders . Brig . Gen . David S . Stanley , with a brigade from the 4th U . S . Cavalry , had crossed the Harpeth River at Hughes ' s Ford , behind the Confederate right rear . Stanley attacked and captured Freeman ' s Tennessee Battery on the Lewisburg Road , but lost it when Brig . Gen . Nathan Bedford Forrest counterattacked . This incident in his rear caused Van Dorn to cancel his operations and withdraw to Spring Hill , leaving the Federals in control of the area . Battlefield today . Fort Granger , named after Gordon Granger , is located in Franklin in Pinkerton Park on Murfreesboro Road .
AN / TPQ - 53 Quick Reaction Capability Radar AN / TPQ - 53 Quick Reaction Capability Radar is a mobile counter - battery radar system manufactured by Lockheed Martin . The Radar is specifically designed to locate the firing positions of both rocket and mortar launchers . The TPQ - 53 radar ' s delivery on July 2 followed its successful live - fire performance testing against indirect fire from mortars , artillery and rockets from a simulated enemy . The system has been tested and has been accepted by the US Army . TPQ - 53 radar systems will replace the aging TPQ - 36 and TPQ - 37 medium - range radars now in the Army ' s inventory . Prior to September 2011 This system was known as EQ - 36 Counterfire Target Acquisition Radar . In June 2013 the United States Army exercised a contract option to finish out the total production of 51 systems . Nomenclature . Per the Joint Electronics Type Designation System ( JETDS ) , the nomenclature AN / TPQ - 53 is thus derived :
USS PC - 470 USS " PC - 470 was a built for the United States Navy during World War II . She was later renamed Antigo " ( PC - 470 ) but never saw active service under that name . Career . " PC - 470 " was laid down by George Lawley & Sons of Neponset , Massachusetts , on 27 February 1942 , and launched on 27 June . She was commissioned on 31 July . While in the Philippines during World War II , the ship was holed by a Japanese shell at Leyte , but was repaired . " PC - 470 " earned two battle star s for her World War II service . " PC - 470 " was decommissioned in March 1946 at Portland , Oregon , and laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet in the Columbia River . On 15 January 1956 , while in reserve , the ship was renamed " Antigo " ( PC - 470 ) , but never saw any active service under that name . " Antigo " was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 July 1960 . Her ultimate fate is not recorded in secondary source s .
91st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 91st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment was a state infantry regiment formed during the American Civil War from counties around Albany , New York . Service . The unit was first sent to Key West , Florida , then to Pensacola , Florida . Soldiers from the 91st New York took part in the raid on Bagdad , Florida . Later they were part of a raid into southern Alabama . They captured the steamboat " Bloomer " from the Town of Geneva , in what was then Coffee County , in the latter part of 1862 , and early 1863 . Lt . James H . Stewart led the raid , and was accompanied by a naval unit commanded by Acting Master Elias Bruner of the USS Charlotte . Although no shots were fired , due to the raid , Alabama raised defensive Confederate troops in the area . They were stationed in southern Alabama until needed elsewhere . Later , the 91st New York took part in the siege of Port Hudson , one of the last impediments ( Vicksburg was the other ) to Federal control of the Mississippi .