naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Albrecht Schubert Albrecht Schubert ( 23 June 1886 – 26 November 1966 ) was a highly decorated General der Infanterie in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Born 23 June 1886 in Glatz ( modern Kłodzko , Poland , then in German Silesia ) , in a family of long Silesian ancestry . In 1904 he joined the Imperial German Army and initially served with the Magdeburg - based 2nd ' Prinz Louis von Preussen ' Infantry Regiment . By the time of the outbreak of World War I he rose to the rank of Lieutenant . Promoted to the rank of Captain in 1914 , during the war he served with the 1st Grenadier Regiment , 21st Reserve Brigade , 4th Landwehr Division , 11th Infantry Division and as a staff officer in the 202nd Infantry Division . After the war he remained within the Reichswehr and served in Stettin in the 2nd Division , and then in the 8th ' Prussian ' Infantry Regiment . Promoted to Major in 1926 , to Lt . Colonel in 1931 and to full Colonel in 1933 . Three years later he became the commanding officer of the 12th Infantry Regiment . Following Adolf Hitler ' s rise to power , Schubert ' s career was fast - tracked . In April 1936 he was promoted to the rank of Major general and already in March 1938 he became a Lieutenant General . The following month he became the commanding officer of the 44th Infantry Division , with which he took part in the initial stages of World War II . During the joint Nazi and Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939 his unit took part in the fights as part of the 14th Army . After the end of hostilities in October 1939 he was temporarily withdrawn to the personal reserve of the OKH , but was soon reinstated to active service as a provisional commanding officer of the XXIII Army Corps , with which he took part in the battle of France of 1940 . Shortly before the start of Operation Barbarossa , Schubert was promoted to the rank of General of the Infantry and his corps was relocated to East Prussia . Already in September 1941 he was awarded with the Ritterkreuz . In May 1942 he temporarily commanded the entire 9th Army , but was again withdrawn from active service in the summer of that year . It was not until the following year that he was given the command over the Hannover - based XI Army Corps . Until the end of World War II he served on various staff positions in Vienna , away from the front . Schubert survived the war and died 26 November 1966 in Bielefeld , Germany .
Mithridates of Persia Mithridates ( in Greek Mιθριδατης or Mιθραδατης ; killed 334 BC ) was a Persian of high rank , and son - in - law of the king Darius III , who was slain by Alexander the Great with his own hand , at the Battle of the Granicus in 334 BC , when he plunged his lance through Mithridates ' face .
Fighting McCooks The Fighting McCooks were members of a family of Ohioans who reached prominence as officers in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Two brothers , Daniel and John McCook , and thirteen of their sons were actively involved in the army , making the family one of the most prolific in American military history . Six of the McCooks reached the rank of brigadier general or higher . Several family members were killed in action or died from their wounds . Following the war , several others reached high political offices , including governorships and diplomatic posts . The family . Daniel McCook , a Canonsburg , Pennsylvania , attorney , had moved to eastern Ohio in 1826 , settling in Carrollton . His younger brother John also soon moved to the Buckeye State . Their clans would become affectionately known as the " Tribe of Dan " and the " Tribe of John . " Yet another brother , Dr . George McCook , and his son Dr . George McCook , Jr . served as unpaid surgeons during the Civil War , the latter serving under George B . McClellan during the Peninsula Campaign . Their father , another George McCook , had emigrated from Scotland to Pennsylvania and had fought in the Whiskey Rebellion . " " Tribe of Dan " " " " Tribe of John " " Daniel McCook ' s house in Carrollton , Ohio , is preserved as a museum . McCook Field , a former air station near Dayton , Ohio ( 1917 – 1927 ) , was named in honor of the Fighting McCooks . A granite memorial to Daniel McCook , Jr . is at the Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield , and a marker to his father is located on State Route 124 , near Buffington Island in the Ohio River . A number of the McCooks , as well as wives and children , are interred in Spring Grove Cemetery in Cincinnati , Ohio .
Camp Logan Camp Logan was a World War I - era army training camp in Houston , Texas . The site of the camp is now primarily occupied by Memorial Park where it borders the Crestwood neighborhood , near Memorial Elementary School . Some chunks of concrete , many building foundations , and extensive trenches used for training or middens still remain in the heavily - forested park . Many of the trails through the park in this area trace the routes of old Camp Logan roads . One stretch of a Camp Logan road remains in original condition , that being the shell - surfaced service road to the golf course . A map of Camp Logan as well as other resources about the camp and its history are available at the Houston Public Library in the Texas and Local History Collection , housed in the Julia Ideson building , next door to the Central Library downtown . A historical marker in the park across the street from the school commemorates the camp , and the 1917 riot that occurred there . The marker was , initially , to be placed by the Memorial Park golf course club house . This was strongly opposed by The Friends of Memorial Park . The group felt that the marker would be better suited for location in a right of way median located at Washington Avenue and Wescott , an area that was not a part of Memorial Park . The marker was finally placed on the edge of the park at the corner of Arnot Street and Haskell . The Camp Logan Riot . In 1917 , black soldiers at the camp were involved in the Houston Riot , a riot triggered by the belief that a fellow soldier was being unfairly incarcerated in the city of Houston . Camp Logan also developed further notorious attention among the residents of Houston the following year as the focal point of the first widespread local outbreak of the deadly 1918 Spanish Flu . By September 24 of that year over 600 cases had been reported by the US Army surgeons at the camp , who made the fateful decision to send the sick to homes and hospitals in the community to try to protect those soldiers still healthy at the camp . By October 3 doctors reported 48 soldiers from the camp had died from the flu and it had begun to rapidly spread through the city . By October 9 the local newspapers reported that 33 flu related deaths had now occurred in the city and that the Mayor , District Clerk , and 20 police officers had contracted . Flu cases in the city were now reported to be in the thousands and steps were being take to put quarantines in place . Public schools , restaurants , and gatherings were shut down including the Barnum & Bailey Circus and local churches . In recent years , Camp Logan refers to the neighborhood tucked in to the northeast corner of Memorial Park , bordered by Westcott and Arnot streets , north of Memorial Elementary School .
RAF Kemble Kemble Airfield ( RAF Kemble ) was a Royal Air Force base near the village of Kemble in Gloucestershire , England . The base is located 4 . 5 NM ( 8 . 3 km ; 5 . 2 mi ) southwest of Cirencester . The base was closed after the cold war and is now known as Cotswold Airport . History . Construction work for RAF Kemble began in 1936 , and the first operational unit to arrive at the station was No . 5 Maintenance Unit RAF on 22 June 1938 . In 1940 , No . 4 Service Ferry Pool moved to the station from Cardiff , and Kemble became the headquarters for the aircraft ferrying operations of the Air Transport Auxiliary across the country . From 1966 until 1983 , Kemble housed the Red Arrows , the RAF Aerobatic display team ; which operated Folland Gnat s and BAe Hawk s from there . After the Red Arrows moved to RAF Scampton , the station was used by the US Air Force as a maintenance facility , initially for A - 10 Thunderbolt aircraft , though followed by Northrop F - 5 s , McDonnell Douglas F - 15 Eagle s , Lockheed C - 130 Hercules and Boeing KC - 135 Stratotanker s . Following the end of the Cold War , the US Air Force left the station and it was returned to the Ministry of Defence ( MoD ) . The British Army made use of the site to store surplus vehicles and equipment , and military flights ended at the station in March 1993 . The MoD initially leased buildings on the former station before selling the site to Ronan Harvey , a local businessman , in March 2001 .
Mandangad fort Mandangad fort ( also called Chitradurga Fort ) is about 2 km from Mandangad town in Ratnagiri District , Maharashtra . This fort was captured by Shivaji in the battle with Adil Shah . A 400 years old cannon is the major feature of the fort . The fort constitutes a Ganapati Temple and a tank called Thorla Talav . It actually consists of three separate fortifications - Mandangad proper to the south , Parkot in the middle while Jamba in the north . The Jamba water reservoir is now dry . Even though they are believed be much older , local legend attributes Mandangad to Shivaji , Parkot to Habshi of the Siddi s and Jamba to Kanhoji Angre ( also called Angria ) . All three forts were captured in 1818 by a Col Kennedy .
Sakura - class destroyer The was a class of two destroyer s of the Imperial Japanese Navy . Background . Although unable to obtain funding in fiscal year 1907 for additional " Umikaze " - class destroyers , which were expensive due to their large size and imported turbine engine s , the Imperial Japanese Navy was also unwilling to purchase three additional " Kamikaze " - class destroyers as recommended by the government . In a compromise , the Navy agreed to purchase two medium size ships instead . Both were designed and built at the Maizuru Naval Arsenal in Japan . Design . The " Sakura " - class ships were half the displacement of the previous " Umikaze " class but with the same basic hull design . Externally , the design went from four to three smokestack s , which was a first for the Japanese Navy ; however , internally the troublesome heavy fuel oil - fired Parsons steam turbine engines of the " Umikaze " class were replaced by standard coal - fired triple expansion steam engines , which gave better reliability and fuel consumption . The lower rated power of 9 , 500 shp gave the vessels a maximum speed of , however , better fuel consumption equated to longer range , which was what the Imperial Japanese Navy needed . Armament was similar to that of the " Umikaze " class , with one QF 4 . 7 inch Gun Mk I - IV , mounted on the deck forward of the bridge , and four QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun s , mounted one on either side and two towards the stern of the ship , with two 450 - mm torpedo es launchers . Operational history . Japan had fifty destroyers operational at the start of World War I . Although intended for coastal operation , with the " Umikaze " - class destroyers too short in range to operate overseas and with all previous classes of destroyers too small and / or obsolete for front - line service , the two " Sakura " - class destroyers were Japan ’ s most advanced front - line destroyers during the opening stages of the war . Both were deployed extensively overseas as part of Japan ’ s contribution to the war effort under the terms of the Anglo - Japanese Alliance . The " Sakura " - class ships were re - rated as second - class destroyers on August 28 , 1912 , and served to April 1 , 1932 when both were retired .
Battle of Novara ( 1500 ) The Battle of Novara was fought on 8 April 1500 between the forces of King Louis XII of France and the forces of Ludovico Sforza , the Duke of Milan . On 24 March 1500 , La Trémoille joined the main French army at Mortara with a corps of about 6 , 000 men , supported by a numerous and powerful artillery . He was quickly followed by the 10 , 000 Swiss raised by the Baillie of Dijon . On 5 April , all the King ’ s army was united and marched to engage the Milanese forces before Novara . As we have seen , there was a large number of mercenary soldiers in the ranks of each of the two armies . The Helvetic cantons , in accepting their contracts , had it placed in the contracts that they would not be forced to fight against other Swiss . These troops were very close and , even though serving under different flags , would even drink together . As a result of this , when on the 8th , the action began at Novara , Sforza ’ s Swiss refused to act against those of La Trémoille . It was a veritable defection , which produced , after a simple cannonade , the retreat of the of the Duke ’ s army , even though it was superior in numbers to the French army . Sforza and his army were obliged to go into the fortress of Novara , which was besieged by the French a few days later . La Trémoille , to cut his road to Milan , fortified himself between Novara and Tessin . From the night of the 9th , the Swiss , in the service of Sforza , mutinied and negotiated a capitulation with the French . The German Landsknechts quickly did the same . By this capitulation , which was executed on 10 April 1500 , the Swiss and Landsknechts were allowed to return to their homes with their baggage , after having laid down their arms . As for the Lombards and the stradiotes [ Albanian and Greek light cavalry ] , who were their companions in arms , they were heartlessly abandoned to the mercy of the French . These unfortunates , thus sacrificed , came out of Novara and attempted to cut their way down the road to Tessin . They were charged and piteously torn to pieces by the French forces . During this butchery , the Swiss passed by pairs or threes before the French , where they were examined as the French searched for Sforza , who was thought to be concealed in their midst . He was cowardly surrendered by two of his companions , taken to France and locked up in the Loches Château , where he was held in a cage that was six feet wide and eight feet long . He was refused books for his amusement . By one of these providential reprisals such as history offers us so many examples , he who had held his unfortunate nephew captive for so many years , perished in his own turn in a captivity that lasted eight years ; it was softened a little only on its end . The only consolation for Sforza that he had a château as a prison .
USS Marguerite II ( SP - 892 ) USS " Marguerite II " ( SP - 892 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 and 1919 . " Marguerite II " was built as a private motorboat in 1917 . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Marguerite II " ( SP - 892 ) sometime in 1917 . Sometime in 1918 she was renamed USS " SP - 892 " , presumably to avoid confusion with another patrol boat . , in commission at the same time . The Navy disposed of " SP - 892 " sometime in 1919 via an unknown means . No other records of " Marguerite II " s operational history are available , nor are any records of her characteristics .
Beuzeville Airfield Beuzeville Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield , which is located near the commune of Beuzeville - la - Bastille in the Basse - Normandie region of northern France . Located just outside of Beuzeville - la - Bastille , the United States Army Air Force established a temporary airfield shortly after D - Day on 7 June 1944 , shortly after the Allied landings in France The airfield was one of the first established in the liberated area of Normandy , being constructed by the IX Engineering Command , 819th Engineer Aviation Battalion . History . Known as Advanced Landing Ground " A - 6 " , the airfield consisted of a single 5000 ' ( 1500m ) Square - Mesh Track runway aligned 05 / 23 . In addition , with tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . It was declared operational on 14 June , 8 days after D - Day , and served as the first airfield on the beachhead . Combat units stationed at the airfield were the 371st Fighter Group , which based P - 47 Thunderbolt fighters at Beuzeville from 15 June through 18 September 1944 , and the 367th Fighter Group , which based P - 38 Lightning fighters at the airfield from 22 July through 14 August 1944 . The fighter planes flew support missions during the Allied invasion of Normandy , patrolling roads in front of the beachhead ; stafing German military vehicles and dropping bombs on gun emplacements , anti - aircraft artillery and concentrations of German troops in Normandy and Brittany when spotted . After the Americans moved east into Central France with the advancing Allied Armies , the airfield was closed on 18 September 1944 . Today the airfield is indistinushable from the agricultural fields in the area . Only a small memorial reminds of the once very important airfield .
Constantin Constantiniu Constantin Constantiniu ( born 1894 , died 1971 ) was a Romanian Brigadier - General during World War II . He began his military career as Head Intendance Service in the Under - Secretary of the Air Force in 1941 , and in 1944 was Head Intendance Service of the Army . In 1945 he was Director Higher Audition Department , in 1946 he was Inspector - General in General - Inspectorate of Intendance , in 1947 he was Director General Department for Administration of the Army , in 1948 he was Commandant Higher Administration School , and in 1949 he was Commandant Army Logistical Academy . Constantiniu retired in 1952 . References . < br >
2009 Norwegian spiral anomaly The Norwegian spiral anomaly of 2009 appeared in the night sky over Norway on 9 December 2009 . It was visible from , and photographed from , northern Norway and Sweden . The spiral consisted of a blue beam of light with a greyish spiral emanating from one end of it . The light could be seen in all of Trøndelag to the south ( the two red counties on the map to the right ) and all across the three northern counties which compose Northern Norway , as well as from Northern Sweden and it lasted for 2 – 3 minutes . According to sources , it looked like a blue light coming from behind a mountain , stopping in mid - air , and starting to spiral outwards . A similar , though less spectacular event had also occurred in Norway the month before . Both events had the expected visual features of failed flights of Russia n SLBM RSM - 56 Bulava missiles , and the Russian Defence Ministry acknowledged shortly after that such an event had taken place on 9 December . Initial speculations . Hundreds of calls flooded the Norwegian Meteorological Institute as residents wanted to know what they were seeing . Norwegian celebrity astronomer Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard commented that he first speculated that it was a fireball meteor , but rejected that possibility because the light lasted too long . He also pointed out the area over which the light had been observed was exceptionally large , covering all of Northern Norway and Trøndelag . It was also suggested that it could have been a rare , never - before - seen Northern Lights variant . UFO enthusiasts immediately began speculating whether the aerial light display could be evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence proposing among other things that it could be a wormhole opening up , or somehow was linked to the recent high - energy experiments undertaken at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland . Official Russian explanation . On 10 December , the Russia n Ministry of Defence confirmed that a Bulava missile test had failed . According to a spokesman , " The missile ' s first two stages worked as normal , but there was a technical malfunction at the next , third , stage of the trajectory . " Russian defence analyst Pavel Felgenhauer stated to AFP that " such lights and clouds appear from time to time when a missile fails in the upper layers of the atmosphere and have been reported before . . . At least this failed test made some nice fireworks for the Norwegians . " Prior to the Russian statement , Jonathan McDowell , an astrophysicist at the Harvard – Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , had already suggested that the unusual light display occurred when the missile ' s third stage nozzle was damaged , causing the exhaust to come out sideways and sending the missile into a spin .
Continental NORAD Region The Continental NORAD Region ( CONR ) is a component of the North American Aerospace Defense Command ( NORAD ) that provides airspace surveillance and control and directs air sovereignty activities for the continental United States ( CONUS ) . Since September 11 , 2001 , CONR has been the lead agency for Operation Noble Eagle , an ongoing mission to protect the continental United States from further terrorist aggression from inside and outside of U . S . borders . Operations . Continental United States Region Air Operations Center ( CONR ) is located at Tyndall Air Force Base , Florida , and has responsibility over two air defense sectors : the Western Air Defense Sector at McChord Air Force Base , Washington state and the Eastern Air Defense Sector at Rome , New York . A combined First Air Force command post and CONR Air Operations Center perform the NORAD air sovereignty mission for the continental United States . One of four numbered air forces assigned to Air Combat Command , First Air Force plans , conducts , controls , coordinates and ensures air sovereignty and provides for the air defense of the nation . The best of America ' s fighter inventory , the F - 15 Eagle and the F - 16 Fighting Falcon , are CONR ’ s primary weapons systems . First Air Force consists of 10 Air National Guard fighter wings . With the transfer of responsibility for continental air defense from the active duty component of the Air Force to the Air National Guard , First Air Force became the first numbered air force to be made up primarily of citizen airmen . CONR is one of three NORAD regions . NORAD is the bi - national Canadian and American command that employs a network of space - based , aerial and ground - based sensors , air - to - air refuelling tankers and fighter aircraft , controlled by a sophisticated command and control network to deter , detect and defend against aerial threats that originate outside or within North American airspace . The two other Regions consist of the Canadian NORAD Region ( CANR ) and the Alaskan NORAD Region ( ANR ) .
William Billingsley Biography . Born in Winona , Mississippi , William Billingsley graduated from the Naval Academy in 1909 . On December 2 , 1912 , he reported for duty at the Aviation Camp , Annapolis , MD and was assigned to the Navy - Wright B - 2 for instruction . Billingsley , designated as Naval Aviator No . 9 , was the first naval aviator killed in an airplane crash . On June 20 , 1913 , while piloting the B - 2 at 1 , 600 feet over water near Annapolis , Maryland , he was thrown from the plane and fell to his death . Admiral John Henry Towers , also unseated in the turbulence , was nearly killed in the same accident as he clung to the plane and fell with it into the water . Namesake . The Clemson - class destroyer USS " Billingsley " ( DD - 293 ) was named in his honor .