naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
142nd Pennsylvania Infantry The 142nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was a volunteer infantry regiment that fought in the Union Army during the American Civil War . The regiment primarily served in the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater and was heavily engaged in the first day of fighting at Gettysburg . History . The regiment was organized in August 1862 , with Robert P . Cummins as colonel , Alfred B . McCalmont as lieutenant colonel , and John Bradley as major . It was sent to Washington , D . C . , where it built fortifications . After a couple of weeks , it was sent to Frederick , Maryland , where it performed garrison duties . In October , it became part of the 2nd Brigade of the Pennsylvania Reserves . At the Battle of Fredericksburg , the regiment formed part of the force which briefly pierced the Confederate right , losing 250 out of 550 men , including Major Bradley , who was mortally wounded . After the battle , the Reserves division was sent back to Washington , and the regiment was reassigned to the 1st Brigade , Third Division , I Corps . At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 , the unit fought first on McPherson ' s Ridge and then on Seminary Ridge before being driven back to Cemetery Hill only after being outflanked by Confederate North Carolina divisions on its left and right flanks . Only 140 men had made it back to Union lines , and Colonel Cummins was mortally wounded . During the next two days , the 142nd was only lightly engaged . After the battle , the regiment became part of the 3rd Brigade , Fourth Division , V Corps . In September 1864 , Horatio N . Warren was promoted to colonel of the regiment . It fought throughout the Overland Campaign and the Siege of Petersburg , mostly against the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad . After the surrender at Appomattox Court House , the regiment participated in the Grand Review in Washington and was mustered out on May 29 , 1865 . Casualties . The casualty information presented above is as inscribed on the back of the 142nd ' s monument on the battlefield at Gettysburg National Military Park in Adams County , Pennsylvania . According to " Fox ' s Regimental Losses " , the 142nd PVI suffered the ninth highest percentage of combat fatalities in the entire Union army . Reenactors . A group portraying Company G is based in Stroudsburg , Pennsylvania . It is not officially affiliated with any larger reenacting group . Another group is administratively centered in Middletown , MD , portraying Company F , and is affiliated with Birney ' s Division , 1st Battalion . Company F boasts members in four states ( Pennsylvania , New Jersey , Maryland , and Virginia ) . Company F Administrative officers 2010 : President - Adam Tarantino , Harrisburg , PA Vice President - Chris VanBrederode , Mechanicsburg , PA Secretary / Treasurer - Stacey Black , Middletown , MD Civilian Coordinator - Kathy Bingaman , MD Field Commander - Keith MacGregor , Mechanicsburg , PA Editor - Keith MacGregor Company F puts out a monthly newsletter entitled " The Yankee Informer " . The newsletter is in its 13th year of publication .
Henry Parkyns Hoppner Captain Henry Parkyns Hoppner ( 1795 , London – 22 December 1833 , Lisbon ) was an officer of the Royal Navy , Arctic explorer , and draughtsman / artist . His career included two ill - fated voyages culminating in the loss of in 1816 and HMS " Fury " in 1825 . Early years . Born in London , Hoppner was the fourth child of English portraitist John Hoppner and Phoebe Wright ( 1761 – 1827 ) , daughter of American sculptor Patience Lovell Wright . Not much is known of his younger sibling . There were three older brothers whom the father painted in the 1791 oil on canvas , " The Hoppner Children " , a part of the National Gallery of Art ' s Widener collection : Career . Hoppner joined the Royal Navy in 1808 , and served during the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812 . His first shipboard experience was on HMS " Endymion " when she was ordered to Corruna . In 1815 , he was commissioned as a junior lieutenant . The following year , he served aboard the ill - fated " Alceste " under Capt . Murray Maxwell , escorting Lord Amherst to China on a diplomatic mission to the Chinese Emperor Jiaqing . With the " Alceste " shipwrecked , Hoppner switched to the East Indiaman " Lion " in order to assist his shipwrecked comrades . In 1818 , Lieutenant Hoppner served on the " Alexander " as second in command under Lieutenant William Edward Parry during Captain John Ross ' British Naval Northwest Passage Expedition of 1818 , who commanded HMS " Isabella " . Hoppner participated in three additional Arctic voyages under Parry ' s command : Hoppner ' s artistic and creative talents were useful during these voyages . His illustrations were published with the expedition narratives of John Ross and Parry . In addition , Hoppner participated for two seasons in the Royal Arctic Theatre , established by Parry to relieve boredom during the long Arctic winters . Hoppner is also credited with organizing " bals masqués " , masquerade ball s held each month while overwintering in the Arctic . Regarding the masquerades , Parry remarked , " It is impossible that any other idea could have proved more happy , or more exactly suited to our situation . " Later years . Ill - health kept him from accompanying Parry in 1827 during his attempt on the North Pole . Hoppner ' s request to accompany Admiral Ross in 1829 was rejected . Hoppner never married . In 22 December 1833 , he died in Lisbon during a trip through southern Europe . Honours . Several Canadian landforms were named in his honour , including :
James Ramsay ( Australian governor ) Commodore Sir James Maxwell Ramsay ( 27 August 19161 May 1986 ) served as Governor of Queensland , Australia from 22 April 1977 until 21 July 1985 . Ramsay was one of six surviving children , he attended the Macquarie Street State School and The Hutchins School in Hobart . He proved himself to be quite adept at what he attempted in these schools ; he was successful in becoming a cadet captain , excelled in Rugby , and was a high achiever in academic and professional subjects . He graduated from the Royal Australian Naval College at Jervis Bay in 1933 and had a distinguished naval career . In 1945 Ramsey attended Royal Naval Staff College , Greenwich , England , and in the same year married Janet Grace . During World War II he served on British and Australian ships in the Indian , Atlantic , and Pacific Oceans , and 1972 he retired from the Navy . He served as Lieutenant - Governor of Western Australia from 1974 until 1977 . Ramsay married Janet Burley , a Red Cross welfare officer , on 24 November at the parish church , Denham , Buckinghamshire .
Sydney Valpy Radley - Walters Sydney Valpy Radley - Walters CMM , DSO , MC , CD , ( nicknamed " Rad " ) ( born January 11 , 1920 ) was a tank commander in the Canadian Army . Radley - Walters was born in Gaspé in 1920 and graduated from Bishop ' s College in 1940 . He was commissioned in the Sherbrooke Fusiliers Regiment in October of that year . The regiment was redesignated 27th Armoured Regiment ( The Sherbrooke Fusiliers Regiment ) in January 1942 and embarked for England in October 1942 . The regiment was part of the 2nd Canadian Armoured Brigade supporting the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division landing in Normandy on D - Day 6 June 1944 . Radley - Walters commanded a tank during the Battle of Normandy . On D - Day + 1 , 7 June 1944 , in fighting near Saint - Germain - la - Blanche - Herbe , with the 12th SS Panzer Division , Radley - Walters had his first kill , a Panzer IV . Radley - Walters commanded a tank squadron in the regiment . His unit may have been that which killed tank ace " The Black Baron " Michael Wittmann of the 101 . Schwere SS - Panzerabteilung , though no definitive proof has ever been provided . This claim has been disputed by 3 Troop , A Squadron , 1st Northamptonshire Yeomanry tank regiment gunner Joe Ekins , who also claims to have killed the Panzer ace . Radley - Walters was awarded both the Distinguished Service Order and the Military Cross and for his outstanding leadership and gallantry as a squadron commander . His regiment participated in Operation Market - Garden and broke through and relieved the 101st Airborne Division . By the end of the war , he was the top tank ace , the ace of aces of the western Allies ( and therefore , of Canada ) , with a total of 18 kills . From July 1945 , he was promoted to lieutenant colonel , and commanded the Sherbrooke Fusiliers Regiment as part of the Allied Occupation Force . After the war , Radley - Walters served on peacekeeping missions in Cyprus and Egypt . In 1957 , he became the Commanding Officer of the 8th Canadian Hussars ( Princess Louise ' s ) . He attended NATO Defence College in Paris and was assigned to the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe from June 1961 to July 1962 . He returned to Canada as commandant of the Royal Canadian Armoured School in Camp Borden . In 1966 , he became the Director - General Training and Recruiting at Canadian Forces Headquarters in Ottawa . In June 1968 he was promoted to brigadier - general and took command of 2 Combat Group at CFB Petawawa . In 1971 he became the commander of the Combat Training Centre at CFB Gagetown . Radley - Walters retired in December 1974 . He served eight years as colonel of the 8th Canadian Hussars ( Princess Louise ' s ) and in November 1980 became colonel - commandant of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps . There is a two part article discussing Radley - Walters ' leadership style in the Canadian Military Journal ( Vol 9 , No 4 and Vol 10 , No 1 ) .
James Hervey Witherspoon , Jr . James Hervey Witherspoon , Jr . ( March 23 , 1810 – October 3 , 1865 ) was a prominent Confederate States of America politician . He was a colonel in the Confederate army , and served as a representative from South Carolina in the Second Confederate Congress .
USS Flag ( 1861 ) USS " Flag " ( 1861 ) was a screw steamship in the Union Navy during the American Civil War . " Flag " was purchased on 26 April 1861 as " Phineas Sprague " , and renamed and commissioned on 28 May 1861 , Lieutenant Commander L . C . Sartori in command . " Flag " reported for duty in the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron at Charleston , South Carolina on 6 June 1861 . Aside from periods in the North for repairs , she patrolled the coastal waters of the Carolinas until early 1865 . " Flag " captured or shared in the capture of many blockade runner s . On 24 November , she joined and in taking possession of Tybee Island , evacuated previously by the Confederate s , and two days later drove several southern ships back into Fort Pulaski , from which they were attempting to sail . She participated in the capture of Fernandina , Florida in March 1862 , and in the general engagement of the fleet with the forts in Charleston Harbor on 7 April 1863 . She returned to New York on 16 February 1865 , was decommissioned there on 25 February , and sold on 12 July .
USS Milledgeville ( PF - 98 ) USS " Milledgeville " ( PF - 98 ) was a United States Navy authorized for construction during World War II but cancelled before construction could begin . " Milledgeville " originally was authorized as a patrol gunboat with the hull number PG - 206 , but she was redesignated as a patrol frigate with the hull number PF - 98 on 15 April 1943 . Plans called for " Milledgeville " to be built under a Maritime Commission contract by the American Shipbuilding Company at Lorain , Ohio , as a Maritime Commission Type T . S2 - S2 - AQ1 hull . However , the contract for her construction for the U . S . Navy was cancelled on 31 December 1943 prior to the laying of her keel . On 7 February 1944 , the cancelled " Milledgeville " s incomplete sister ship , the " Tacoma " - class patrol frigate USS " Sitka " ( PF - 94 ) was renamed USS " Milledgeville " ( PF - 94 ) .
1st Rhode Island Cavalry The 1st Regiment , Rhode Island Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that participated in the American Civil War . They were badly routed at the Battle of Middleburg , a blemish on an otherwise competent combat record . History . The regiment was organized between December 1861 and March 1862 at $ 4 as the 1st New England Cavalry . Late in that month , the regiment was sent to Washington D . C . and initially assigned to Hatch ' s cavalry brigade in Nathaniel Banks ' V Corps in the Department of the Shenandoah . Throughout the war , the regiment would be a part of many reorganizations of the cavalry , although the majority of its service was with the Army of the Potomac . Most of the regiment ' s service in 1862 was in northern Virginia , where it served as scouts to determine enemy movements , as well as foraging for supplies and screening infantry movements . The troopers saw action contesting Stonewall Jackson ' s cavalry in the Valley Campaign . They fought in the Second Bull Run Campaign , as well as many other battles of note , including service in the cavalry actions surrounding the Battle of Fredericksburg . In 1863 , they participated in the Chancellorsville Campaign , and played an important role in the opening battle of the Gettysburg Campaign at Brandy Station . Shortly thereafter , isolated and alone deep in Confederate territory on a scouting mission , they lost nearly 240 of their 280 remaining men at the June 17 skirmish at Middleburg . The regiment was refitted with new recruits and performed scouting and outpost duty along the upper Potomac River until September , when they rejoined the Army of the Potomac , participating in the Bristoe Campaign and Mine Run Campaign . The following year , the 1st Rhode Island served in the defenses of Washington D . C . before eventually returning to the Shenandoah Valley under the command of Philip H . Sheridan . Due to heavy battle losses , the regiment was consolidated to a battalion of four companies on January 1 , 1865 . They continued serving in the valley for much of the rest of the war before being mustered out at Baltimore , Maryland on August 3 , 1865 . During the war , the regiment lost 1 officer and 16 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded , and 2 officers and 77 enlisted men to disease . Hundreds more were wounded or captured . A total of 2 , 124 different men served in the regiment at various times , although its field strength normally was less than 500 effectives .
Springfield rifle The term Springfield rifle may refer to any one of several types of small arms produced by the Springfield Armory in Springfield , Massachusetts , for the United States armed forces . In modern usage , the term " Springfield rifle " most commonly refers to the Springfield Model 1903 . Rifled musket : Single - shot rifle : Repeating rifle : Semi - automatic rifle : There were also numerous limited production , experimental , marksmanship , and sporting rifles produced by the Springfield Armory which are referred to as " Springfield rifles " . Some examples of the smoothbore Springfield Model 1842 musket that were later modified with rifling and used during the American Civil War may also be referred to as " Springfield rifles " . The Krag - Jørgensen , M1 Garand and M14 rifles are not typically referred to as " Springfield rifles " , even though they were rifles manufactured by the Springfield Armory for the U . S . military . The title of the 1952 film Springfield Rifle refers to breech - loading versions developed at the armory just after the American Civil War . In music , The Springfield Rifle was the name of a pop - rock band in the Pacific Northwest in the 1960s . See also . Springfield musket
James Francis Armstrong James Francis Armstrong ( April 3 , 1750 – January 19 , 1816 ) was a chaplain from New Jersey in the American Revolutionary War and a Presbyterian minister for 30 years in Trenton , New Jersey . Armstrong was born in West Nottingham , Maryland . He attended the College of New Jersey ( now Princeton University ) , living with the family of college president John Witherspoon . Armstrong graduated in 1773 with future notables such as Henry Lee , Morgan Lewis , and Aaron Ogden . A younger classmate was Aaron Burr . After graduation he continued to study theology under Dr . Witherspoon . He was preparing to enter the ministry in New Brunswick in 1776 , but the arrival of the British Army in New Jersey disrupted those plans . Armstrong took up a musket and served as a private in the New Jersey militia , but he was soon thereafter ordained a minister and obtained a post as a regimental chaplain in the Continental Army . He was promoted to brigade chaplain of the Second Maryland Brigade in May 1777 . After the war , he served from 1782 to 1783 as pastor at the church in Elizabeth , New Jersey , a position that had become vacant following the murder of the Rev . James Caldwell during the war . He was married to Susannah Livingston in August 1782 , with the Rev . Witherspoon conducting the ceremony . He was minister of the First Presbyterian Church at Trenton for 30 years , from 1786 until his death . He was Secretary of the Society of the Cincinnati from 1790 to 1797 . He was a trustee of the College of New Jersey from 1790 until his death .
AIM - 152 AAAM The AIM - 152 AAAM is a long - range air - to - air missile developed by the United States of America . The program went through a protracted development stage but was never adopted by the United States Air Force , due to the ending of the cold war and the reduction in threat of its perceived primary target Soviet Union supersonic bombers . Overview . The AIM - 152 originated in a U . S . Navy requirement for an advanced air - to - air missile to replace the AIM - 54 Phoenix . By the mid - 1980s the Phoenix was seen to be no longer cutting edge , and the Navy wanted a long range missile to counter the Soviet Tu - 22M Backfire and Tu - 160 Blackjack long - range supersonic bomber s . The goal was to produce a weapon which was smaller and lighter than the Phoenix , with equal or better range and a flight speed of Mach 3 or more . Some of the systems considered for the missile had already been evaluated by the China Lake Naval Weapons Center in the early 1980s as part of the Advanced Common Intercept Missile Demonstration ( ACIMD ) program . ACIMD missiles had been built but none had flown by the time the project was cancelled . In 1987 , Hughes / Raytheon and General Dynamics / Westinghouse were selected to produce competing designs for the AIM - 152 . The Hughes / Raytheon design was largely based on the ACIMD missile , with a hybrid ramjet / solid rocket engine which offered high speeds . The missile would use an inertial guidance system with terminal guidance provided by active radar - a mode of flight that would later be employed in the AIM - 120 AMRAAM . An infrared terminal homing seeker was also planned , which would allow the missile to engage without any emissions which would alert the target . The GD / Westinghouse design was even smaller , with a multiple - pulse pure solid rocket motor . It also had an inertial guidance system , but midcourse updating was provided via a dual - band semi - active radar . Terminal guidance was via an electro - optical sensor , with a backup infrared seeker also included . One flaw of semi - active radar homing is that the launch aircraft must illuminate the target with its radar during flight , meaning that it must fly towards the enemy and so expose itself to greater danger . GD / Westinghouse planned to avoid this by equipping the launching aircraft with a radar pod which could illuminate the target from both forward and aft , allowing it to turn and escape whilst still providing a target for the missile . With the fall of the Soviet Union the threat from Russian bombers effectively ended , and since no other nation could match the previous threat the AAAM was left without an enemy to defend against . The project was cancelled in 1992 , shortly after the YAIM - 152A designation had been given to the two prototypes . With the phasing out of the Phoenix missile the US Navy lost its long range AAM capability , relying instead on the medium range AIM - 120 AMRAAM . Longer range versions of the AMRAAM are in development to restore some of this capability . Specifications . Hughes / Raytheon : GD / Westinghouse :
Thomas Butler , 6th Earl of Ossory Vice - Admiral Thomas Butler , 6th Earl of Ossory , KG , PC , PC ( I ) ( 8 July 1634 – 30 July 1680 ) was an Irish politician . He was born at Kilkenny Castle , the eldest son of James Butler , 1st Duke of Ormonde and Lady Elizabeth Preston . Life and career . His early years were spent in Ireland and France . He was an accomplished athlete and a good scholar . Having come to London in 1652 he was rightly suspected of sympathizing with the exiled royalists , and in 1655 was put into prison by Oliver Cromwell . After his release about a year later he went to the Netherlands and married Emilia von Nassau . He accompanied Charles II to England in 1660 . In 1661 Butler became a member of both the English and the Irish Houses of Commons , representing Bristol in the former and Dublin University in the latter House . In 1662 he was called to the Irish House of Lords under a writ of acceleration as Earl of Ossory . His father held the title " 5th Earl of Ossory " as one of his subsidiary titles , which made Thomas Butler the 6th Earl of Ossory by courtesy . He held several military appointments ; In 1665 a fortunate accident had allowed Ossory to take part in the Battle of Lowestoft against the Dutch , and in May 1672 , being now in command of a ship , he fought against the same enemies in the Battle of Solebay , serving with great distinction on both occasions . The earl was partly responsible for this latter struggle , as in March 1672 , before war was declared , he had attacked the Dutch Smyrna fleet , an action which he is said to have greatly regretted later in life . Whilst visiting France in 1672 he rejected the liberal offers made by Louis XIV to induce him to enter the service of France , and returning to England he added to his high reputation by his conduct during the Battle of Texel in August 1673 . From 1677 until 1679 , he served alongside his father as a Lord of the Admiralty . The earl was intimate with William , prince of Orange , and in 1677 he joined the allied army in the Netherlands , commanding the British section and winning great fame at the siege of Mons in 1678 . He acted as deputy for his father , who was lord - lieutenant of Ireland , and in parliament he defended Ormonde ' s Irish administration with great vigour . In 1680 he was appointed governor of English Tangier , but his death prevented him from taking up his new duties . One of his most intimate friends was John Evelyn , who eulogizes him in his " Diary " . Marriage and issue . Ossory had eleven children , some prominent including : See also . Butler dynasty