naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Theodore Runyon Theodore Runyon ( October 29 , 1822 – January 27 , 1896 ) was a United States politician , diplomat , and American Civil War brigadier general in the New Jersey Militia , serving with the Union Army at the Battle of First Bull Run . Runyon was a lawyer before the Civil War and mayor of Newark , New Jersey , a major general in command of the New Jersey National Guard until 1873 , first president of the Manufacturers ' National Bank of Newark , chancellor of New Jersey for 14 years and , between 1893 and 1896 , envoy and later ambassador to Germany Biography . Theodore Runyon was born in Somerville , New Jersey of Huguenot descent . He was a direct descendant of Vincent Rongion ( 1644 – 1713 ) , a Huguenot who was born in Poitiers , France and settled in New Jersey . Theodore Runyon graduated from Yale University , where he helped found Scroll and Key Society . Runyon was admitted to the New Jersey bar in 1846 and began the practice of law in Newark , New Jersey . As a brigadier general in the New Jersey militia , Runyon commanded the Fourth Division of the Army of Northeastern Virginia in June and July 1861 . The division was composed of 90 - day New Jersey volunteer regiments and new 3 - year New Jersey volunteer regiments which had been organized for less than a month . Union Army commander , major general Irvin McDowell held this division in reserve during the First Battle of Bull Run and they were not engaged in the battle . Although the Historians John and David Eicher show Runyon in charge of the division and as mustered out of the volunteers on July 31 , 1861 , they do not show him with a formal Union Army commission . Also , neither the 1906 War Department list of Union Army generals nor Historian Ezra J . Warner ' s " Generals in Blue " show Runyon as a commissioned Union Army general rather than or in addition to a New Jersey militia general . Runyon held his position as division commander as a State militia or short - term volunteer general , not as a formally commissioned Union Army general . On February 25 , 1862 , Runyon was appointed a brevet major general in the New Jersey militia . Fort Runyon , named in Theodore Runyon ' s honor , was a timber and earthwork fort constructed by the Union Army following the occupation of northern Virginia in order to defend the southern approaches to the Long Bridge as part of the defenses of Washington , D . C . during that war . From 1864 to 1866 , Runyon served as mayor of Newark as a Democrat . He had previously been city attorney and city counsel . Runyon was appointed Major General in charge of the New Jersey National Guard and served in this post until 1873 . He was the first president of the Manufacturers ' National Bank of Newark until he became chancellor of New Jersey , an office he held for 14 years . In 1893 , Runyon became envoy and later ambassador to Germany where he died in 1896 . He is buried at Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Newark , New Jersey . External links .
17th Division ( Imperial Japanese Army ) The was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army . Its call - sign was the . History . The 17th Division was formed in Himeiji in November , 1907 , together with the 18th Division . From 1915 to 1927 it was stationed in Manchuria . It contributed to Japan ' s efforts against German positions in China in World War I , and participated in the Siberian Intervention . However , in 1925 , the 17th Division was one of the four division dissolved by Minister of War Ugaki Kazushige as part of a cost - saving measure during the Kato Takaaki administration . The 17th Division was resurrected in April 1938 with the start of the Second Sino - Japanese War , and as part of the China Expeditionary Army participated in the Battle of Wuhan . In 1943 it was reassigned to the Southern Expeditionary Army Group , and was transferred to New Britain under command of the 8th Area Army headquartered in Rabaul . Its survivors surrendered on New Britain to American forces with the end of the Pacific War in August 1945 . Some of its more noteworthy commanders included Hyoe Ichinohe , Fusataro Hongo , and Yasushi Sakai . Organization . The Order of Battle of the 17th Division included :
Sylvester Stadler Sylvester Stadler ( 30 December 1910 – 23 August 1995 ) was a " SS - Brigadeführer " and " Generalmajor " of the " Waffen - SS " , a commander of the 2nd SS Division Das Reich , 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen and a winner of the Knight ' s Cross with Oakleaves and Swords . He was one of the youngest German generals during World War II , being only 34 years old when the war ended in 1945 . Early life . Stadler was born in Fohnsdorf , Austria , on 30 December 1910 and trained to become an electrician before joining the Schutzstaffel ( SS ) in 1933 . In 1935 and 1936 he attended officer ' s school at the SS - Junkerschule at Bad Tölz , Bavaria . He became a company commander in June 1939 , and a battalion commander in March 1942 . " Der Führer " and Oradour - sur - Glane massacre . In May 1943 , Stadler was made commander of the Panzer - Grenadier regiment " Der Führer " ( part of the elite 2nd SS Division Das Reich ) . On 10 June 1944 , part of " Der Führer " regiment , led by SS - Sturmbannführer Otto Diekmann , undertook a massacre in the village of Oradour - sur - Glane in France , in which 642 villagers were killed . Although Stadler ordered a court martial for Diekmann , the SS officer responsible , his reputation was tarnished . Diekmann himself was killed in combat before he could face trial . Command of " Der Führer " passed to SS - Sturmbannführer Otto Weidinger on 14 June , who had been with the regiment for familiarisation purposes , as Stadler prepared to become commander of the 9 . SS - Panzer division " Hohenstaufen " . The " Hohenstaufen " . On 10 July 1944 , Stadler was made commander of the elite 9 . SS - Panzer division " Hohenstaufen " . Along with Kurt Meyer ( " Panzermeyer " ) Stadler was among the youngest divisional commanders in the German armed forces . The " Hohenstaufen " fought in Poland , France , at the Eastern Front , in Normandy ( at the defense of the infamous Hill 112 and at the Falaise pocket ) , at Arnhem ( " Operation Market Garden " ) , in the Ardennes offensive and in Hungary . He surrendered his division to the United States Army in Austria in May 1945 . Military decorations . Stadler was wounded severely several times . His personal bravery won him the Close Combat Clasp in Gold as a divisional commander in 1944 . In 1943 , Stadler was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross after the German recapture of Kharkov – a strategically located city south of Kursk in the Soviet Union – during Spring 1943 . The Knight ' s Cross was upgraded with Oak Leaves following the Battle of Kursk ( the " Eichenlaub " – Nr . 303 – was presented to Stadler personally by Adolf Hitler ) . The award was upgraded once more just before the end of the war with Swords ( " Schwertern " – Nr . 152 ) , presented to him by Sepp Dietrich . Personal life and death . Stadler married in 1936 and had three sons . He died on 23 August 1995 in Augsburg - Haunstetten , Bavaria .
Caribbean Regiment The Caribbean Regiment ( also known as the Carib Regiment ) was formed in World War II . The regiment which went overseas in July 1944 and saw service in the Middle East and Italy . There had been resistance from the War Office to the formation of a West Indian regiment but those who made their own way to the UK were able to enlist in the British Army . Nearly 10 , 000 West Indians travelled and enlisted in the army in Britain . Following discussion between the Colonial Office and the War Office , however , the Caribbean Regiment was formed of 1 , 200 volunteers in April 1944 . The recruits were drawn from all over the British West Indies , mostly members of local Volunteer Defence Forces . A few officers and Non - commissioned Officers were also drafted in from British Army units . A detachment of 104 officers and men from the Atlantic island of Bermuda , made up of volunteers ( conscription had been introduced to Bermuda shortly after the declaration of war , but those who were drafted to the Caribbean Regiment volunteered to do so ) from the Bermuda Militia Artillery and Bermuda Militia Infantry , arrived on two ships , on the 13th and the 23rd April , 1944 , to form the training cadre of the new regiment at Fort Eustis , a US Army base near Williamsburg , Virginia . Under the command of Lt . Colonel H . Wilkin , OBE , MC , they prepared for the arrival of detachments from the West Indian islands , each under its own officers . Newly recruited men were tested in Virginia for fitness . Some of the Caribbean soldiers had already trained for deployment to the Pacific . The Bermudians had previously trained for the war in Europe . The new regiment trained in Trinidad and Virginia , U . S . ( where the regiment was the first to celebrate the King ' s birthday in the U . S . since the American Revolution ) . The Regiment left the USA for Oran , in North Africa , in June , 1944 . Oran was handed over to Free French Forces before their arrival , and the Regiment was instead sent to Italy in July 1944 , where it was employed in general duties behind the front line . In October it escorted 4000 German prisoners of war from Italy to Egypt , where it was used in mine clearance work around the Suez Canal area . The regiment never saw front line action . This was due partly to inadequate training ( with only a single battalion , it had not trained as part of a larger brigade - the smallest unit the British Army normally fielded on its own ) and partly because of the anticipated political impact in the British West Indies if heavy casualties had been incurred . In 1946 it returned to the West Indies and was disbanded .
28th Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 28th Infantry Brigade was a British Army formation which served during the First World War , the Second World War , and the Korean War . History . First World War . The Brigade was part of 9th ( Scottish ) Division during the First World War . It comprised 7th Battalion , Black Watch , and 10th and 11th Battalions , Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders . Second World War . In 1939 the brigade was a second line Territorial Army formation and a duplicate of 154 Infantry Brigade . Initially the brigade belonged to the 9th ( Highland ) Infantry Division from 1939 to 1940 . After the destruction of the 51st Highland Division during the Battle of France in 1940 , the 9th Division was redesignated the 51st Highland Division and the 28th Brigade HQ was absorbed by HQ 154th Infantry Brigade . The 28th Brigade came into being again when the 2nd Gibraltar Brigade was redesignated as the 28th Brigade at Gibraltar on 1 December 1943 . It served with the 4th Infantry Division in the Italian Campaign and in Greece . Korean War . The Brigade arrived in Hong Kong from the UK in 1949 , to join the 40th Infantry Division . It arrived in April 1951 in Korea , took the title ' 28 Commonwealth Brigade ' and joined the 1st Commonwealth Division , and served right through the war until leaving in 1954 . It comprised two British and one Australian infantry battalions and 16th Field Regiment , Royal New Zealand Artillery . SEATO . The Brigade was reformed on 16 September 1955 in Malaya , formed from a combination of forces from Australia , New Zealand and Britain . The formation was now air - portable and named the 28th Commonwealth Infantry Brigade Group . Its main elements were three infantry battalions from Australia , Britain and New Zealand and a British field artillery regiment with an Australian battery . The Brigade ' s operational role was as the ' Immediate Reaction Force ' for the South East Asia Treaty Organisation . It was stationed in a new camp at Terandak , near Malacca in Malaysia . On 31 October 1971 the Brigade ceased to exist . However , its demise was painless and involved a mere change of name and location . On 1 November 1971 the Brigade became 28 ANZUK Infantry Brigade and was located on the northern side of Singapore Island . The brigade disbanded in 1974 . The Brigade actually disbanded in January 1976 after a short period as 28 ( UK ) Infantry Brigade after the demise of ANZUK Force . HQ was at the old Admiralty Building near to HMS Terror and the naval base .
Nicaraguan Campaign Medal The Nicaraguan Campaign Medal is a military decoration of the United States Navy which was authorized by Presidential Order of Woodrow Wilson on September 22 , 1913 . The medal was again authorized by an act of the United States Congress on November 8 , 1929 . The Nicaraguan Campaign Medal is therefore considered as two separate decorations , commonly referred to as the First Nicaraguan Campaign Medal and the Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal . First Nicaraguan Campaign Medal . The First Nicaraguan Campaign Medal was created to recognize those U . S . Navy personnel and U . S . Marines who had participated in amphibious actions in Nicaragua between 29 July and 14 November 1912 . The following naval commands , and all embarked U . S . Marines , were eligible for the First Nicaraguan Campaign Medal : The medal for the First Nicaraguan Campaign Medal displayed a volcano , rising from a lake , with the words “ Nicaraguan Campaign ” and the date 1912 on the edges of the medal . The medal itself was suspended from a red ribbon with two thick blue stripes . On the reverse of each medal was a Navy or Marine Corps crest , depending on the recipients branch of service . The First Nicaraguan Campaign Medal was a one - time - only decoration and there were no devices or attachments authorized . Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal . The Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal was created General Orders of the Navy Department and approved by Congress to recognize naval operations in Nicaragua between the dates of August 27 , 1926 and January 2 , 1933 . To be awarded the Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal , a service member must have either served on a United States ship , or as an embarked Marine , in the waters or land territory of Nicaragua during the aforementioned dates . The Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal appeared as a medal suspended from a red ribbon with several white stripes . The medal displayed a woman ( representing Columbia ) , armed with a sword , defending two other figures with a cloak . The medal bore the words " Second Nicaraguan Campaign " with the dates “ 1926 – 1930 ” displayed on the medal ’ s edges ( although the medal was authorized until 1933 ) . No devices were authorized . The Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal was considered a separate award from the first version of the medal and Navy regulations permitted the receipt and wear of both decorations , if so authorized . Admiral W . H . Sutherland , who had been in overall command of both Nicaraguan campaigns , was the first recipient of both versions of the Nicaraguan Campaign Medal . Another notable recipient of the Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal is U . S . Marine Corps Brigadier general William K . MacNulty , who also was awarded the Navy Cross for , then , Capt . MacNulty ' s valiant relief of an ambushed Marine supply pack train during the Campaign on February 27 and February 28 , 1929 . MacNulty latter commanded the U . S . Marine Corps defense of Guam against overwhelming Japanese Imperial forces during the Battle of Guam ( 1941 ) and was , thereafter , interned as a Japanese prisoner of war .
Castle Hill , Newfoundland and Labrador Castle Hill is an area containing the remains of both French and British fortifications , overlooking the town of Placentia ( formerly known as Plaisance ) in Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada . The site was originally established in order to protect the French fishing interests in Newfoundland and the approaches to the French colony of Canada . History . French forces successfully raided British settlements during times of war while Fort Royal , atop Castle Hill , protected the colony from attack by British warships . In 1713 , the French gave up their right to settlement in Newfoundland and established a new stronghold at Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island . British settlers replaced the French and their soldiers garrisoned the fortifications until 1811 . Castle Hill National Historic Site . Designated a National Historic Site in 1968 , after years of archeological projects , today the ruins of the fortare managed by Parks Canada , and known as Castle Hill National Historic Site . Key elements of the site today : Detached Redoubt ( 1697 ) and Fort Royal ( 1693 – 1703 ) The visitor center features exhibits about the history of the fort , and the lives of the fishing families and soldiers who lived there . Legacy . On 28 June 1985 Canada Post issued ' Castle Hill , Nfld . , circa 1762 ' one of the 20 stamps in the “ Forts Across Canada Series ” ( 1983 & 1985 ) . The stamps are perforated 12Â½ x 13 and were printed by Ashton - Potter Limited based on the designs by Rolf P . Harder .
Francis Jones ( historian ) Major Francis Jones CVO , TD , DL , FSA , Master of Arts , KStJ ( 5 July 1908 – 14 December 1993 ) , was an author , archivist , historian and officer of arms . Early and private life . Born in Trefin , Pembrokeshire , Francis Jones was educated at Fishguard County School , and eventually became a schoolmaster . He began to work on the county records held at Haverfordwest in 1931 and he made a report to the county council in 1936 . He then secured an appointment in the National Library of Wales , 1936 - 1939 . Following war service and subsequent work on the official history of the Sicilian and Italian campaigns , he was appointed the first County Archivist of Carmarthenshire , serving from 1958 - 1973 . He had married Ethel Charles in 1932 - they had two sons and two daughters . Jones died in Carmarthen and was commemorated at the Church of St Benet Paul ' s Wharf , which has been the religious home of the College of Arms since 1555 . Military career . Jones was commissioned into 4th Battalion , The Welch Regiment , but was subsequently transferred to the Pembroke Yeomanry . He entered active service in 1939 , and later took part in the North African landings and Battle of Beja , for which he was mentioned in despatches . He later fought in the Sicilian campaign and landing , then after landing at Salerno fought in the Italian campaign up to the Battle of Monte Cassino as second in command of the regiment . He was subsequently posted as a General Staff Officer to the War Cabinet Offices , Historical Section , where he wrote the Official War Record for the Sicilian and Italian Campaigns . He was later appointed Battery Commander in the Surrey Yeomanry ( Queen Mary ' s Regiment ) . Heraldic career . In 1963 the office of Wales Herald of Arms Extraordinary was revived , in anticipation of the investiture of Prince Charles as Prince of Wales , and Francis Jones appointed . ( The last recorded reference to a Wales Herald was in the late fourteenth century . ) In this capacity he was on the Earl Marshal ' s staff for the State funeral of Winston Churchill , and officiated at the investiture of the Prince of Wales in 1969 . Over the next 30 years he participated in State ceremonial with the officers of arms in ordinary of the College of Arms on occasions such as the State Opening of Parliament and the Garter service . Writing career . Jones was a prolific writer with several hundred articles , essays and books published . He also appeared on BBC radio and television programs . His main published works include Honours and appointments . Jones received the Territorial Decoration with three clasps for his military service . He was created a Commander of the Royal Victorial Order and Knight of the Order of St John . He was also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and received an Honorary Master of Arts from the University of Wales . Among the many other positions he held and societies to which he belonged were :
Dande Darpa Khel airstrike The Daande Darpkhel airstrike took place on the morning of 8 September 2008 when a United States Air Force drone aircraft fired a number of missiles at a former madrassa ( religious school ) complex located in the village of Dande Darpa Khel , near the main town Miranshah , North Waziristan , Pakistan . It was part of a series of drone attacks targeting presumed militants , which took advantage of the power vacuum in Pakistan , following the fall of Pervez Musharraf on 18 August 2008 . The airstrike killed 23 people , including eight children , and wounded at least eighteen . The targets of the airstrike were Jalaluddin Haqqani and his son Sirajuddin , neither of whom were present at the time . Among 23 people killed was one of Jalaluddin ' s two wives , sister , sister - in - law and 8 of his grandchildren . However their family had arrived just ½ hour before , suggesting that the US acted on fresh intelligence , possibly video from the drones transmitted in real time .
No . 169 Squadron RAF No . 169 Squadron RAF was a tactical reconnaissance and later a night intruder squadron of the Royal Air Force during World War II History . No . 169 squadron was formed on 15 June 1942 at RAF Twinwood Farm as a tactical reconnaissance squadron from ' B ' flight of 613 Squadron , and took over their North American Mustang Mk . I s . The squadron moved to RAF Duxford in December 1942 and began coastal reconnaissance and ground attack missions . The squadron disbanded at RAF Middle Wallop on 30 September 1943 , only to reform again the following day at RAF Ayr as a night intruder squadron flying Mosquitoes and a single Bristol Beaufighter , while the squadron also had some Airspeed Oxford s on strength for training and communication . In December 1943 the squadron joined No . 100 Group at Little Snoring . The squadron re - equipped with Mosquito II night fighters in January 1944 and commenced night intruder operations against German night fighters . The squadron disbanded on 10 August 1945 at RAF Great Massingham .
QF 14 pounder naval gun Mk I & II naval gun The QF 14 pounder Mk I & II was a 3 - inch high - velocity naval gun used to equip battleships for defence against torpedo boat s . It was produced for export by Elswick Ordnance Company ( Mk I ) and Vickers , Sons and Maxim ( Mk II ) . In Royal Navy service they were modified to use the standard 12 - pounder shell . Service . The gun equipped the pre - dreadnought battleship built in Britain for Chile and purchased by the UK in 1903 before completion . British ammunition . In British service the guns fired the same 3 - inch , 12 . 5 lb shell as QF 12 - pounder guns .
Lloyd Jones Mills Lloyd Jones Mills was born 3 July 1917 at Rock Springs , Wyoming . Navy career . " Mills " enlisted in the U . S . Naval Reserve as seaman second class 4 December 1940 . He was appointed aviation cadet 6 March 1941 , naval aviator 22 August 1941 , and commissioned ensign 19 September 1941 . Awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross . " Ensign Mills " was killed 30 July 1942 in an airplane crash during the Aleutian Islands campaign , and was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for heroism and extraordinary achievement in action 1 to 15 June 1942 . Namesake . USS Mills ( DE - 383 ) was named in his honor . She was laid down 26 March 1943 by Brown Shipbuilding Co . , Houston , Texas ; launched 26 May 1943 ; sponsored by Mrs . James E . Mills ; and commissioned 12 October 1943 , Lt . Comdr . J . S . Muzzy , USCG , in command .