naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Pilot Training School The Pilot Training Squadron based at RNZAF Base Ohakea trains RNZAF pilots . Origins . Military pilot training during World War I was undertaken by private contractors ; principally the New Zealand Flying School of the Walsh Brothers in Auckland and the Canterbury Aviation Company formed by Henry Wigram in Christchurch . When the New Zealand Permanent Air Force was formed in June 1923 , war surplus Avro 504 K and Bristol F2B Fighter s transferred from Britain were used for training purposes , supplemented from 1929 by de Havilland Gypsy Moth s and replaced from 1931 by Hawker Tomtit s and Avro 626 s . A single two seat Gloster Grebe provided conversion training on that type . in anticipation of the delivery of Vickers Wellington bombers , twin engine monoplane training began on the first of 229 Airspeed Oxford s in 1938 . World War II . By the outbreak of World War II the more modest of these types had been formed into 1 Flying Training School ( FTS ) at Wigram , while advanced training on types such as the Oxford had been separated . Due to the Commonwealth Air Training Plan , other schools were under construction at Taieri , and Woodbourne . A large number of additional FTS followed with the first few years of the war , while from 1939 335 de Havilland Tiger Moth s manufactured in Wellington provided the main primary trainers . Until 1941 much advanced training was done on retired combat types such as the Hawker Hind , Vickers Vildebeest and Fairey Gordon but these were gradually replaced by 202 locally assembled North American Harvards . Post war . After the second world war , primary flying training was conducted by No . 1 Flying Training School at Taieri , and from 1956 Wigram . The Tiger Moths were phased out , Harvards being used for ab intio training , de Havilland Devon and two seat De Havilland Vampire s being used for advanced training . 1 FTS became the Pilot Training Squadron in 1966 . The squadron received a small number of AESL Airtourer in 1970 and re - equipped with Pacific Aerospace CT - 4B Airtrainers in 1976 , these subsequently being replaced by more powerful CT - 4E s . Advanced training on BAC Strikemaster and Aermacchi MB - 339 shifted to No . 14 Squadron RNZAF , twin engined training on Fokker Friendship s and later Cessna Golden Eagle s and Beechcraft Super King Air s being undertaken by No . 42 Squadron RNZAF . No . 3 Squadron undertook basic rotary training with the Bell 47 . When Wigram closed in 1993 the squadron shifted to Ohakea . Current Syllabus . Currently Students are put through a 34 week course of lectures and flying , the latter being 108 hours dual instruction and 38 hours solo flying and then are streamed into rotary or multi engine courses before acquiring their wings . Some Malaysian and Singaporean Air Force pilots are also trained . The Squadron motto is ' ab ovo usque ' , ( Latin ; ' from the beginning ' ) .
Mikoyan MiG - 35 Fulcrum - F The Mikoyan MiG - 35 ( NATO codename Fulcrum - F ) Is a Fighter developed from the MIG - 29 M / M2 and MiG - 29K / KUB . Russia has officially unveiled the MiG - 35 at Aero India 2007 airshow in Bangalore . It was reported that the MiG - 35 made its way Moscow to Bangalore in less than three hours , assisted by a refueling along the way and flying at supersonic speeds . Description . The Mikoyan MiG - 35 ( Микоян МиГ - 35 in Russian and " Fulcrum - F " in NATO ) is a maturing technology and the MiG - 29M / M2 MiG - 29K / KUB . Classified as a fighter from generation 4 . 5 , the MiG - 35 is now considered a medium - weight aircraft because its maximum takeoff weight has increased 30 percent . Totally upgraded avionics and new weapons systems and sensors , including a new AESA radar and Optical Locator System ( OLS ) , eases the dependency on aircraft control intercept ground - based ( GCI ) , and let you make multiple missions . The aircraft is being marketed under the designation MiG - 35 ( single seat ) and MiG - 35D ( two seat ) for export . His first international presentation occurred during the Aero India 2007 .
Condor ( APC ) The Rheinmetall Condor is a 4x4 wheeled armoured personnel carrier originally designed by Thyssen - Henschel of Germany and manufactured by Henschel Wehrtechnik GmbH . It is based on the chassis of the UNIMOG and uses the same key components such as the engine , gearbox and axles . Serviceability is high and the vehicle is easy to maintain since support is readily available from civilian sources . Design . The Condor was designed to provide overall protection against small arms , shrapnel and small mines . Combat with the Malaysian Army during the rescue operations following the Battle of Mogadishu highlighted its vulnerability against RPG - 7 rocket rounds . One Malaysia n soldier was killed when an RPG round penetrated the driver compartment of his vehicle . The Condor is amphibious and is air - transportable in C - 130 Hercules and in C - 160 Transall type aircraft . Variants . The Condor is available in multiple configurations , these include : The Malaysian Army uses mainly the Condor primarily in its armoured personnel carrier configuration , but variants such as mortar carriers and ambulances are also in service .
John Carmichael John Carmichael ( 1 April 1893 – 20 December 1977 ) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Carmichael was 24 years old , and a sergeant in the 9th Battalion , The North Staffordshire Regiment ( The Prince of Wales ' s ) , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 8 September 1917 , when excavating a trench near Hill 60 , Zwarteleen , Belgium , Sergeant Carmichael saw that a grenade had been unearthed and had started to burn . Rather than simply throwing the bomb out of the trench and endangering the lives of the men working on top , he immediately rushed to the spot shouting for his men to get clear , put his steel helmet over the grenade and then stood on the helmet . The grenade exploded , blowing him out of the trench causing him serious injuries , but no one else was hurt . The Medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Staffordshire Regiment Museum , Whittington Barracks , Lichfield , Staffordshire .
Battle of Arras ( 1914 ) The Battle of Arras ( also known as the First Battle of Arras ) , which began on 1 October 1914 , was an attempt by the French Army to outflank the German Army to prevent its movement towards the English Channel during the Race to the Sea . The French Tenth Army , led by Louis Maud ' huy , attacked the advancing German forces on 1 October , initially experiencing success until they reached the town of Douai . There , the German Crown Prince Rupprecht ' s Sixth Army launched a counter - attack . Along with additional attacks from three corps of the German First , Second and Seventh Armies . The French were forced to withdraw towards Arras . France ' s failure to hold back the German Army resulted in the loss of Lens on 4 October , and allowed the Germans to move further northwards towards Flanders . The French , however , were able to hold Arras .
Bougainville - class aviso The " Bougainville " class was a type of colonial aviso or sloop of the French Navy of the 1930s that were designed to operate in remote locations of the French Empire . The ten ships of the " Bougainville " class were built from 1931 to 1940 in various French naval yards . The ships were designed to operate autonomously from French colonies in Asia and Africa with a capacity of 297 tons of diesel , giving a endurance distance of . Their shallow draught allowed them to operate on large rivers , while carrying an infantry company . In this respect they were an improvement over existing gunboat s . Eight of the " Bougainville " - class avisos were commissioned , the two remaining ships ( " Le Beautemps - Beaupré " and " La Pérouse " ) were still under construction during the Fall of France . " Le Beautemps - Beaupré " was scuttled in the Gironde Estuary on 24 June 1940 . The ships of the " Bougainville " class had varied careers that were typical of French Naval ships of the period and were torn between the Free French Naval Forces and Navy of Vichy France . With the ships of Vichy France being hunted by both the Axis and Allies at different times during the war . On 9 November 1940 there was a rare case of fratricide between two ships of the same class when , lead ship of the class and loyal to the Vichy government , fought her sister ship , who served in the FNFL . This battle happened off of Libreville , during the Battle of Gabon . After a short exchange of fire " Savorgnan de Brazza " had reduced " Bougainville " to a wreck and forced her to beach to avoid sinking . " Bougainville " later foundered in March 1941 during a re - floating operation . The " Dumont d ' Urville " and " Amiral Charner " took part in the Battle of Koh Chang on 17 January 1941 . The " La Grandière " was extensively modernised in 1944 . Her anti - aircraft armament was replaced with 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Oerlikon guns , and new anti - submarine armament of ( 4 depth charge throwers and 6 depth charge rails , with 66 charges ) was installed . She also received two radars and a sonar . Four ships survived the war and served during the Indochina War and in the Korean War .
First Royal Moroccan Air Force Base First Royal Air Force Base is a military facility at Rabat - Salé Airport . The airport is located about east - northeast of Rabat and about northeast of Casablanca . History . During World War II , the airport was used as a military airfield by the United States Army Air Forces Twelfth Air Force during the North African campaign . The 319th Bombardment Group flew B - 26 Marauder s from the airfield between 25 Apr - 1 Jun 1943 . After the Americans moved out their active units in mid - 1943 , the airport was used as a stopover and landing field for Air Transport Command aircraft on the Casablanca - Algiers transport route . When the war ended , control of the airfield was returned to civil authorities . During the early years of the Cold War , the United States Air Force ' s Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) used the airport as headquarters for its 5th and 316th Air Division s . Various SAC aircraft , primarily B - 47 Stratojet s and KC - 97 Stratotanker s used the airport until the United States Air Force withdrew from Morocco in 1957 . The facility is now operated by the Royal Moroccan Air Force in its current form .
Kosmos 2196 Kosmos 2196 ( meaning " Cosmos 2196 " ) is a Russian US - K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1992 as part of the Russian Space Forces ' Oko programme . The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors . Kosmos 2196 was launched from Site 43 / 3 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia . A Molniya - M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch , which took place at 09 : 53 UTC on 8 July 1992 . The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 1992 - 040A . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 22189 .
Matthew Arther Matthew Arther ( born 1835 , date of death unknown ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson . Bography . Born in 1835 in Scotland , Arther immigrated to the United States and was living in Boston when he joined the U . S . Navy . He served during the Civil War as a signal quartermaster on the . During the Battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in February 1862 , he performed his duties as signal quartermaster and captain of the ship ' s bow gun " faithfully , effectively and valiantly " . For these actions , he was awarded the Medal of Honor the next year , on July 10 , 1863 . Arther ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : Served on board the U . S . S . " Carondelet " at the reduction of Forts Henry and Donelson , 6 and 14 February 1862 and other actions . Carrying out his duties as signal quartermaster and captain of the rifled bow gun , S / Q . M . Arther was conspicuous for valor and devotion , serving most faithfully , effectively and valiantly .
734 Communication Squadron 734 Communication Squadron is a reserve military unit in Regina , Saskatchewan , Canada . The unit ' s motto is " Regina Camporum " . Role . The primary role of 734 Comm Sqn is to augment the Regular Force for both domestic and international operations , including those with the UN and NATO . International deployments include most recently Afghanistan , Bosnia and the Golan Heights . Members of the unit have also served on PMO taskings . Composition . 734 Communication Squadron is composed mainly of Linemen , Sig Ops , and Signal Officers as well as support trades - Supply Technicians , Mobile Support Equipment Operators , Resource Management Support Clerks and Vehicle Technicians .
Great Lakes and Ohio River Division The United States Army Corps of Engineers Great Lakes and Ohio River Division ( LRD ) is one of the eight permanent divisions of the Army organization , providing civil works and military water resource services / infrastructure . It also supports economically viable and environmentally sustainable watershed management and water resources development in its territory . The Division , headquartered in Cincinnati , Ohio , covers the American industrial heartland , stretching from the St Lawrence Seaway , across all of the Great Lakes , down the Ohio River Valley to the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers . It covers , parts of 17 states , and serves 56 million people . The Division Commander is directly responsible to the Chief of Engineers . The LRD Commander directs and supervises the individual District Commanders , and also serves on two national and international decision - making bodies : co - chair of the Lake Superior , Niagara , and Ontario / St Lawrence Seaway boards of control ; and the Mississippi River Commission . LRD duties include : Districts . The Division ' s seven districts are headquartered in :
Dagoberto Godoy Dagoberto Godoy Fuentealba ( July 22 , 1893 in Temuco – September 8 , 1960 in Santiago de Chile ) was a Chilean pilot and the first person to fly over the Andes . Lieutenant Dagoberto Godoy took part in South America ' s first military flying race in July 1916 . The Chilean Army had sent 3 Blériot monoplanes to Buenos Aires . Godoy took off to his most famous flight on December 12 , 1918 in El Bosque , south of Santiago . He flew at an altitude of and landed in Lagunitas , close to Mendoza , Argentina , after one hour and 35 minutes . In 1919 , Godoy became a " capitan " of the Chilean air force . He left the army in 1942 .
Robert Spall Robert Spall VC ( 5 March 1890 – 13 August 1918 ) , was a Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Robert Spall was born in Ealing , Essex , England on March 5 , 1890 . He enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force in July 1915 . Spall was 28 years old , and a sergeant in the Princess Patricia ' s Canadian Light Infantry , Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War , and was awarded the VC for his actions on 13 August 1918 near Parvillers , France . His citation reads : Sergeant Spall ' s final resting place was lost and as such he is commemorated on the Canadian National Vimy Memorial with the over 11 , 000 other Canadian dead of the war killed in France but whose remains were lost or never recovered . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Museum of the Regiments in Calgary , Alberta , Canada .
Norman Cooper ( aviator ) Lieutenant Norman Cooper ( October 2 , 1888 , Schenectady , New York – December 1960 , Pinellas , Florida ) was an American flying ace , being accredited with six aerial victories in World War I . His real name was Ernest Sidney Tooker . Born in Schenectady , New York , he enlisted in Canada under the pretense of being a Canadian citizen named Norman Cooper , and eventually joined the Royal Flying Corps in August 1917 .
No . 7 Operational Training Unit RAAF No . 7 Operational Training Unit RAAF ( 7OTU ) was an Royal Australian Air Force heavy bomber training unit of World War II . 7OTU was formed on 12 February 1944 at RAAF Station Tocumwal in southern New South Wales to train RAAF B - 24 Liberator crews . 7OTU was initially equipped with ex - USAAF B - 24Bs but later received new B - 24Js . At full strength the unit was equipped with 54 B - 24s and was responsible for training 28 crews per month . 7OTU was disbanded following the end of the war .
Battle of Champaubert The Battle of Champaubert ( now " Giffaumont - Champaubert " ) was the opening engagement of the Six Days Campaign . It was fought on February 10 , 1814 by a French force under Napoleon I against Russian s and Prussians under General Olssufiev . The battle was a French victory . The battle of Champaubert was one of the few times during the War of the Sixth Coalition that France was able to take to the field with a considerable numerical advantage . Napoleon Bonaparte moved against an over - extended Prussian army in the hope of whittling it down by a series of battles . On 10 February , he caught General Olssufiev ' s five thousand Russians just south of Champaubert , a town located in the valley of the Marne , east of Paris . French strength consisted of 30 , 000 hungry and tired men , including many raw conscripts , and 120 cannons . The French , nonetheless , enjoyed a six - to - one advantage . They were commanded in the field by the marshal , Auguste Marmont , under the direction of Napoleon himself . Badly outnumbered , Olssufiev decided to fight rather than retreat . His decision was based on the mistaken hope that he would get reinforcements from Field Marshal Blücher in time to prevent a disaster . He was wrong , and Marmont crushed him . After five hours of fighting , the Russians were surrounded by French cavalry . They suffered three thousand killed , wounded , and captured . One of the prisoners was Olsufiev himself , who dined that very evening with Napoleon . The French lost about three hundred men , among whom was General Joseph Lagrange , wounded . Historian Digby Smith wrote that the French lost 600 killed and wounded out of the 13 , 300 infantry and 1 , 700 cavalry that were engaged in the action . The Russians lost 2 , 400 men and nine guns out of the 3 , 700 soldiers and 24 guns that were present . Captured were General - Leutnant Olssufiev and General - major Poltaratzky , who led a brigade . The second brigade under General - major Kornieloff fought its way out .
USS Skink ( SP - 605 ) USS " Skink " ( SP - 605 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Skink " was built as a private motorboat of the same name by George Lawley & Son at Neponset , Massachusetts , in 1917 . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Robert D . Longyear of Cambridge , Massachusetts , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Skink " ( SP - 605 ) on 13 June 1917 , and retrospectively formally acquired from Longyear on 30 June 1917 . Assigned to the 1st Naval District in northern New England , " Skink " carried out patrol duties in the Boston , Massachusetts , area for the rest of World War I . " Skink " was decommissioned on 22 November 1918 and returned to Longyear on 24 February 1919 .
Sulaiman Shah Shahab al Din Sulaiman shah , ( , , d . February 1258 AD ) , was a governor of Kurdistan and an Abbasid officer who was promoted to commander in chief of the Caliphate army following the Battle of Anbar . He convinced the Caliph not to surrender to the Mongols . The caliph commissioned him to defend the city . However , the city fell to the Mongols and in February 1258 Hulagu executed Sulaiman Shah along with 700 of his followers .
Oerlikon KCA The Oerlikon KCA is a Swiss gas - operated single - barrel revolver cannon developed for aircraft use . Its most noticeable use was on the Saab 37 Viggen fighter mounted on a conformal pod . The KCA fires a shell that is 50 % heavier than the NATO standard ammunition used on ADEN and DEFA cannon . It can fire up to 1350 rounds per minute at a muzzle velocity of , with an effective range of
Walter Käding Walter Käding ( 14 September 1915 in Berlin – 4 January 1991 in Bremen ) was a German watch officer and coxwain on a U - boat in World War II and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Ernest Morrow Captain Ernest Morrow was a Canadian flying ace during World War I . He was credited with seven aerial victories while flying a Bristol F . 2 Fighter . His military career was cut short by a severe wounding that cost him his left lower leg , while earning him a Distinguished Flying Cross for valour . Early life . Ernest Morrow was born on 21 January 1897 in Waubaushene , Canada . the son of Elizabeth Ward and Joseph Morrow . He was living in Toronto and working as an accountant at the time of his enlistment into military service . World War I . Morrow enlisted during May 1917 . He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Flying Corps on 22 September 1917 . He was then posted to No . 62 Squadron RFC on 30 October 1917 , and shipped out to France with this unit . The haste with which he was commissioned and posted indicates that he took at least some of his aviation training during the Summer of 1917 . He scored his first aerial victory on 26 March 1918 . After scoring three wins , he was hospitalized for a short while beginning 29 June 1918 . He returned to winning form on 10 August 1918 , driving down two German Pfalz D . III fighters to become an ace . Morrow ' s final sortie is vividly described in the award citation for his Distinguished Flying Cross : Having crashlanded near Ficheux , France with bullet wounds to the leg , Morrow was dragged from the flaming wreckage by his observer , Louis Mark Thompson . Morrow ' s left lower leg was subsequently amputated . Both Thompson and Morrow were recommended for the Distinguished Flying Cross . The latter ' s award was gazetted on 2 November 1918 , well after his 5 September medical evacuation to England . List of aerial victories . See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Post World War I . Ernest Morrow gave up his commission because of ill health caused by wounds , retaining the honorary rank of captain , on 8 January 1919 . He would live until 20 July 1949 , dying in his hometown of Waubashene .