naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Capture of Vigo The Capture of Vigo occurred in 1719 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance when a British expedition landed on the Spanish coast and seized the settlement of Vigo which they occupied for ten days before withdrawing . The expedition was under the overall command of Lord Cobham with the naval forces commanded by Vice Admiral James Mighels . The force advanced inland as far as Pontevedra , and levied a contribution from Santiago de Compostela . The expedition was launched in retaliation for Spanish involvement in a Jacobite Rising that had seen Spanish troops landed in Scotland where they were defeated at the Battle of Glen Shiel . The expedition was also intended to demonstrate to the Spanish that Allied forces could strike along their vulnerable coastline with ease , and was co - ordinated with a French assault on eastern Spain , in the hope that this would force Spain to the peace table . This caused some shock to the Spanish authorities as they realized how vulnerable they were to Allied amphibious descents , with the potential to open up a new front away from the French frontier .
Siege of Vidin ( 1913 ) The Siege of Vidin refers to an attempt by the Serbian Army to seize the Bulgarian city of Vidin during the Second Balkan War . The siege took place between 12 and 18 July 1913 . Background . At the war ' s start , the Bulgarian First Army was situated in north - western Bulgaria . Its advance into Serbian territory was successful between 22 and 25 June , but Romania ' s unexpected intervention in the war and the Bulgarian Army ' s retreat from the front against Greece forced the Bulgarian chief of staff to transfer most of the country ' s troops into the region of Macedonia . During the retreat via the city of Ferdinand ( now Montana ) , a large part of the 9th infantry division mutinied and surrendered to the Romanians on 5 July . Consequently only a small , mostly militia force remained to face the Serbian counteroffensive in the areas of Belogradchik and Vidin . On 8 July , the garrison of Belogradchik was overrun by the advancing Serbs of the Timok group and a small portion of Bulgarian soldiers who had survived the Serb onslaught retreated to Vidin . The next day , the Serbs entered Belogradchik while their cavalry blocked the land connection to Vidin from the rest of Bulgaria . Near the village of Bela Rada , a bloody battle was fought between the Serbian advanced guard and a Bulgarian reconnaissance squad , which then had to retreat . Surrounding of Vidin by the Serbs . By 12 July , the Serbian Timok Army ( between 16 and 21 battalions with 54 cannons , including howitzer batteries ) surrounded Vidin from all directions . The city was defended by about 1 , 200 regular troops and 3 , 000 militia , armed with a total of 52 cannons ( most of which were obsolete . ) In general , the Bulgarians were poorly equipped and had little ammunition . On 14 July , the Serbs started to bombard the ramparts and the city itself . The Bulgarian commander , General Krastyu Marinov , refused to surrender twice . The relentless bombardment continued for three straight days , causing insignificant military casualties for the Bulgarian side . Assault on the fortress . In the late afternoon of 17 July , after a lengthy artillery bombardment , a Serbian infantry division attacked the western sector of Vidin , located between the villages of Novoseltsi and Smardan . Two Serbian attacks had been repulsed by the Bulgarians by that evening . On 18 July , the Serbs notified General Marinov of the armistice that had been signed on the same day in Bucharest . Afterwards , the Serbians retreated from the region .
Castus ( rebel slave ) Castus was a Gallic gladiator , and escaped from the gladiatorial school of Lentulus Batiatus in Capua . Together with the Thracian Spartacus , and the fellow Gauls Crixus , Oenomaus and Gannicus , he became one of the leaders of rebellious slaves during the Third Servile War ( 73 - 71 BC ) . He was killed along with his co - commander Gannicus and their Gallic and Germanic followers by Roman forces under Marcus Licinius Crassus at the Battle of Cantenna in Lucania in 71 BC .
Stalag I - F Stalag I - F was a German World War II prisoner - of - war camp located just north of the town of Sudauen ( German name for Suwałki ) , incorporated into East Prussia after Nazi Germany invasion of Poland in 1939 ( now Suwałki , Poland ) . Camp history . Construction of the camp began in April 1941 , before the attack on Russia , to accommodate the expected POWs . It was carried out by French and Polish prisoners . The camp opened in May 1941 as Oflag 68 , but was renamed Stalag I - F in June 1942 . Covering the camp contained a kitchen , bakery , latrines and bathhouse , and was surrounded by a double barbed - wire fence with five gates and four guard towers ( later increased to nine ) . The prisoners lived outdoors in dugouts until 1943 when 43 barrack huts were built , though due to overcrowding , many were still forced to live underground . More than 100 , 000 prisoners , mostly Russian , passed through Stalag I - F , of whom over 50 , 000 died , mostly from malnutrition , exposure and typhus . In October 1944 , as the Red Army approached , the guards abandoned the camp leaving the prisoners behind . Sub - camps of Stalag I - F . There were also six " Zweiglager " ( " sub - camps " ) , designated Stalag I - F / Z :
Maksimas Katche Maksimas Katche ( , also " Kattchee " ; ) ( – 10 June 1933 ) , was a Russian and Lithuanian military officer , Knight of St . George . Of Baltic German descent , he was born in Joniškis , Lithuania ( then Kovno Governorate of the Russian Empire ) . In 1899 he graduated from the Military Academy of St . Petersburg and served in the Russian Army . He fought in the Russo - Japanese War and in World War I , attaining the rank of colonel and decorated with the Cross of the Order of St . George 4th degree on . In April 1919 he joined the Lithuanian Army and fought successfully against Bolsheviks and Bermontians in the Lithuanian Wars of Independence . As a tactician , he planned Zarasai liberation operation . Among other Lithuanian soldiers he received the Latvian Military Order of Lāčplēsis 3rd class . Katche chaired the Lithuanian delegation negotiating and signing the Suwałki Agreement on October 7 , 1920 between Lithuania and Poland , and he was appointed chief of the General Staff of the Lithuanian Army , decorated with the Cross of Vytis 4th and 5th classes . He also reached the rank of a Lieutenant General . In April 1921 he organized higher courses for officers , and was the first chief of them . For reasons of health he retired from active duty in 1922 . He died in Biržai .
Allied sovereigns ' visit to England The Allied sovereigns ' visit to England occurred in June 1814 to celebrate the peace following the defeat of France and abdication of Napoleon Bonaparte in April 1814 . The sovereigns and generals of the Coalition Allies – comprising Austria , Prussia , Russia , Sweden , the United Kingdom , and a number of German States – took part in a state visit and various peace celebrations in London before progressing to the Congress of Vienna later that year . Official dignitaries . A number of noble , sovereigns and dignitaries attended the celebrations . These included Czar Alexander of Russia ( who stayed with his sister , the Grand Duchess of Oldenburg at the Pulteney Hotel in Piccadilly ) ; King Frederick William III of Prussia ; Prince Metternich , Chancellor of the Austrian Empire ; Field Marshal Blücher , Prince Hardenberg , the Chancellor of Prussia ; General Von Yorck ; General Bulow ; Count Barclay de Tolly . Events . Boarding the Duke of Clarence ' s flagship the " Impregnable " in Boulogne on 6 June 1814 , they crossed to Dover , where they were officially welcomed , with a guard of honour provided by the soldiers of the famous Light Division - the 43rd , 52nd and 95th Regiments . They arrived in London on the afternoon of 7 June . Various entertainments , parades and ceremonies were undertaken , including Czar Alexander ' s levee on 8 June , at the house of the Duke of Cumberland , followed by the Queen ' s court at the palace in the evening . On 9 June , court was held at Carlton House , followed by a ceremony where the Emperor of Russia , the Earl of Liverpool , and Viscount Castlereagh were admitted as Knights of the Order of the Garter . The 10 June saw the monarchs attend the races at Ascot . Over the course of the next few days , they visited Oxford – where Czar Alexander , King Frederick William and Marshal Blucher received honorary degrees – Woolwich Royal Arsenal , and a City of London banquet at the Guildhall on 18 June . One event alone cost £25 , 000 . On 22 June they attended a naval review at Portsmouth with the Prince Regent before embarking for the Continent .
214th Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) History . The Brigade along with the 129th Infantry Brigade and 130th Infantry Brigade formed the 43rd ( Wessex ) Infantry Division . In World War II it was organised as an infantry division and fought in Normandy , where it faced off against the German 9th SS Panzer Division at Hill 112 , in July . It , along with the rest of the Division , were the first British units to cross the Seine river , with an assault crossing at the French town of Vernon opposed by the German 49th Infantry Division ( see ' Assault Crossing , The River Seine 1944 ' by Ken Ford ) . This enabled the armour of XXX Corps under Gen . Brian Horrocks to thrust across northern France into Belgium . They later played a major role in Operation Market Garden , as the support to Guards Armoured Division . They went on to play a small part in the Battle of the Bulge , where it was placed on the Meuse as a reserve , and a large part in the invasion of Germany and the Crossing of the Rhine ( Operation Veritable ) . By the end of hostilities they had reached the Cuxhaven peninsula of northern Germany . References . Hill 112 - Battles of the Odon 1944 Tim Saunders " Battleground Europe " Pen & Sword / Leo Cooper ISBN 0 - 85052 - 737 - 6
Data systems technician The United States Navy occupational rating of data systems technician ( abbreviated as DS ) was a designation given by the Bureau of Naval Personnel ( BUPERS ) to enlisted members who satisfactorily complete initial data systems technician " A " school training . It was established in 1961 and merged into the electronics technician and fire controlman ratings on 1 October 1998 . DSs are electronics technicians who specialize in naval tactical data system computer systems including : digital computers , video processors , tape units , buffers , key sets , digital - display equipment , data - link terminal sets and related equipment . They clean , maintain , lubricate , calibrate and adjust equipment . DSs run operational tests , diagnose problems , make routine repairs and evaluate newly installed parts and systems units .
Wright ' s Regiment of Militia Wright ' s Regiment of Militia also known as the 5th Hampshire County Militia Regiment was called up at Northfield , Massachusetts on September 22 , 1777 as reinforcements for the Continental Army during the Saratoga Campaign . The regiment marched quickly to join the gathering forces of General Horatio Gates as he faced British General John Burgoyne in northern New York . The regiment served in General Nixion ' s brigade . With the surrender of Burgoyne ' s Army on October 17 , the regiment was disbanded on October 18 , 1777 .
Fort McIntosh ( Pennsylvania ) Fort McIntosh was an early American log frontier fort situated near the confluence of the Ohio River and the Beaver River in what is now Beaver , Pennsylvania . The fortress was constructed in 1778 under the direction of Lt . Col . Cambray - Digny , a French engineer , and named in honor of General Lachlan McIntosh . The fortress was the site of the signing of the Treaty of Fort McIntosh on January 21 , 1785 . It was occupied until it was abandoned in 1791 . After the Revolution , the fort was the home of the First American Regiment , the oldest active unit in the United States Army . The fort was in the form of a trapezoid , about 150 feet on each side , with raised earthen bastions on each corner . Log palisades connected the bastions , and a 15 foot wide ditch protected three sides of the fort , with the 130 foot slope to the Ohio River protecting the other side . Inside were three barracks , warehouses , officer ' s quarters , a forge , kitchen , and powder magazines . The fort may have had either two or four iron cannon . Around the year 1976 , citizens of the nearby community of Beaver decided , with great fanfare , to excavate the pilings and remaining stone foundations of the original Ft . McIntosh . They were successful in locating the outlines of the revolutionary era fort . Their efforts culminated in a dedication , presided over by retired Gen . William Westmoreland , in the summer of 1977 . In late 2010 , a local business owner donated money for a granite and sandstone memorial on the fort site . The fort site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975 . In 1996 , most of Beaver was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the " Beaver Historic District . At that time , the fort site was singled out as one of the most significant of the district ' s 1 , 250 contributing properties .
Northrop F - 20 Tigershark The Northrop F - 20 Tigershark was an American project of an upgraded F - 5E Tiger II to compete with the F - 16 Fighting Falcon to replace the F - 4 and the F - 5 in the United States Air Force and to equip the allies of the U . S , as the F - 20 losed the program to the F - 16 , none coutries brought this fighter . Description . Initially known as the F - 5G , Northrop developed the F - 20 Tigershark in response to a U . S . Government call for the private development of a tactical fighter specifically tailored to meet the security needs of allied and friendly nations . The first flight of the Tigershark was made August 30 , 1982 . The Mach 2 class F - 20 Tigershark ' s basic single - seat configuration was formally designated the F - 20A . The F - 20 combined propulsion , electronics and armament technologies with improvements in reliability to sustain high sortie rates in adverse weather . The F - 20 incorporated a combination of advanced technology features . The F - 20 could carry more than 8 , 300 pounds of external armaments and fuel on five pylons . It could carry six AIM - 9 Sidewinder missiles on air - to - air missions . For air - to - ground missions , more than 6 , 800 pounds of armament could be carried . Two internally mounted Pontiac M39 A2 20mm guns were standard equipment on the Tigershark . Although tests showed it ' s potential , the USAF never considered the F - 20 for service , and the U . S . Air Force decided to purchase F - 16As for it ' s aggressor aircraft program . These two facts essentially doomed the F - 20 FMS program . Also , the decision not to buy the F - 20 affected other countries decisions on purchasing U . S . aircraft . In all , three F - 20s were built , two were destroyed in accidents and the sole survivor now rests in the USAF museum .
Red beret The red beret is a military beret worn by many military police , paramilitary , commando and police forces around the world . The term is also used to refer to the British Parachute Regiment , although members wear the maroon beret . Carlists . The red beret was worn as a distinguishing device by Carlist soldiers in the First Carlist War and later became an emblem of Carlists in general , often with a yellow pom pom or tassel . Military Units . The following military units wear red berets : The following military units formerly wore red berets : Military Police . Red berets are worn by the military police of many NATO and Commonwealth of Nations militaries .
Enrico Garbuglia Enrico Garbuglia ( 30 March 1900 – 2 June 2007 ) was one of the last five remaining known Italian veterans of the First World War living in Italy ( two others live in France ) . Called up to serve in June 1918 near the end of the war , his service was less than six months , and so he was not on the official list of Cavalieri di Vittorio Veneto . It far exceeds , however , the short service times of several American World War I veterans , such as Harold Gardner for example . Garbuglia was one of the last known World War I veterans to be discovered ( along with William Seegers of the U . S . , Raymond Cambefort of France and Yakup Satar of Turkey ) . His existence was confirmed on 28 May 2007 , but he died just five days later .
127th Battalion ( 12th York Rangers ) , CEF The 127th ( 12th York Rangers ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Toronto , Ontario , the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in York County . After sailing to England in August 1916 , the battalion was redesignated the 2nd Battalion , Canadian Railway Troops on November 8 , 1916 . The 127th ( 12th York Rangers ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . F . F . Clarke , DSO . As railway troops , the Battalion specialized in building light railway lines close to the front ( a Canadian specialty ) for the rapid movement of troops and supplies from established railway heads . The battalion prided itself on its rapid bridge - building skills and an improvised turntable it crafted on several occasions . In April 1918 as the second great German offensive of the year rolled back over the old Somme Battlefield , the 127th was pressed into service as infantry near Amiens . Although initially trained as infantry , the battalion had not been employed as such but the men were apparently eager to show they could fight even if they were only armed with rifles . Combing through the chaos of Amiens , a large number of ' surplus ' Lewis guns were ' acquired ' and the battalion entered the line with considerably more firepower than might have been expected . At any rate , the German advance was being slowed up by exhausted troops and the usual logistical problems created in moving over World War I Battlefields . The attempt to dislodge the 127th was not a determined one and the battalion ' s inordinate firepower debarred further attempts . The position they secured remained the Allied frontline until the Amiens Offensive of August 8 , 1918 . Once relieved , the 127th returned to its previous duties . References . Photographs of the 127th ' s Work and their maps from the Amiens Sector are held in the Queen ' s York Rangers Regimental Museum .
Siege of Odawara ( 1561 ) The 1561 siege of Odawara , a battle of Japan ' s Sengoku period , was the first of several sieges which would befall the home castle of the Hōjō clan . Uesugi Kenshin was at the height of his campaign against the Hōjō clan , as he captured several of their castles . In 1561 he besieged the Hōjō ' s Odawara Castle . The Uesugi breached the defenses , and burned the castle town . The castle itself however , remained unconquered ; Kenshin would withdraw after two months . This came as the result of a lack of adequate supplies , and the reappearance of Takeda Shingen , Kenshin ' s long - time rival , who was threatening his territories . This ended the first of three sieges of the Odawara castle .
Battle of Rimito Kramp The Battle of Rimito Kramp was fought between Sweden and Russia during the Finnish War 1808 - 09 . Battle . Swedish naval unit under Hjelmstjerna was tasked with destroying the Russian coastal fleet unit that had successfully bypassed the Swedish blockade of Hanko . After learning that a small Russian gun sloop unit had moved to relatively vulnerable position at the southern end of Airisto region Hjelmstjerna made the decision to attack . Russian position at the small bay at Rimito Kramp was however strong with all the boats positioned so that they would create crossfire at the mouth of the bay . In addition to the Swedish problems the wind was blowing against them , though not as critical as with sailing ships it prevented Swedish ships from accurately aiming their guns . Russians were reinforced during the night and Swedes expecting Russians to attack chose to wait as well . Later during the second day Swedish reinforcements arrived and Hjelmstjerna planned to launch his renewed attack during the night using galleys and their greater crew complements to overpower the smaller Russian vessels . While preparing for the attack Hjelmstjerna neglected to guard the narrow passage that led from Rimito Kramp towards Turku . During the night little before planned Swedish attack the Russians fled to Turku were they were further reinforced in addition to being supported by three 24 - pounder artillery batteries . Though Swedes had forced the Russians with retreat they had failed to inflict defeat to the Russian coastal forces . Aftermath . Being disappointed to the failures at naval front Gustav IV Adolf chose to personally oversee the actions taken against Russians . He arrived on 4 July to the Hjelmstjerna ' s naval unit near Turku with Vice Admiral Rajalin with intent to attack against Russians as soon as possible to prevent Russian naval forces from linking up . Swedish forces mounted an attack ( also known as " Battle of Pukkisaari " or " Battle of Bockholmssund " ) against Russians towards Turku while Russians under command of Lieutenant General P . K . Konovnitsin formed line from their gun sloops and gun yawls between islands of Ruissalo and Hirvensalo ( ) under cover of the artillery batteries . Detachments or Russian infantry - sharpshooters - were deployed on the shores of islands of Ruissalo and Hirvensalo . Battle which started at 18 : 00 lasted until the midnight . Though Russian line had bent Swedes were unable to breach it . Battle ended without a clear winner with 11 Russian ships damaged and most of the Swedish ships damaged .
USS Plymouth ( SP - 3308 ) USS " Plymouth " ( SP - 3308 ) , a screw steamer , was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Plymouth , Massachusetts , a town on Plymouth Bay , about 35 miles southeast of Boston , founded by the Pilgrims in 1620 . " Plymouth " ' s keel was laid down in 1915 by the New York Shipbuilding Company of Camden , New Jersey , was taken over from the Italian - American Steamship Company by the United States Shipping Board ( USSB ) and simultaneously transferred to the United States Navy on 30 July 1918 and commissioned at New York Navy Yard on 2 August , Lieutenant Commander H . A . von Pflugk , USNRF , in command . Service history . Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transport Service ( NOTS ) , " Plymouth " loaded military supplies at Baltimore , Maryland ; sailed for Hampton Roads on 21 August 1918 to join a convoy bound for France ; and arrived Brest on 11 September . Upon returning to New York City from La Pallice on 17 October , the ship again sailed for France with a United States Army cargo , arriving at St . Nazaire on 9 December 1918 . " Plymouth " returned to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , on 10 January 1919 and steamed on to New York City . She decommissioned there on 25 February and transferred to USSB for disposal . She was sold to the Green Star Steamship Company in 1920 .