naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Memorial Gates ( University of Saskatchewan ) Memorial Gates are a military memorial which are part of the University of Saskatchewan , City of Saskatoon , Saskatchewan . These Gates were first planned as the entrance gates to the University Campus . Due to expansion , and high traffic flow , they now serve as a westerly pedestrian entrance closer to the Royal University Hospital portion of the University Campus . Memorial Gates . University of Saskatchewan Listing of those alumni who gave their lives in the Great War . These are they who went forth from this University to the Great War 1914 - 1918 and gave their lives that we might live in freedom Erection Date . Memorial Gates erected 1927 a . d . Ashes . The ashes of Frederick W . A . G . Haultain were scattered at the gates . References . This article uses the primary source images as documentation for this article . The memorial gates etch the University of Saskatchewan alumni who have fallen in the great war into the stone work . Click on an image for more detail .
British Warships in the Age of Sail British Warships in the Age of Sail is a series of books by maritime historian Rif Winfield comprising a historical reference work providing details of all recorded ships in commission or intended to serve in the Royal Navy from 1603 to 1817 . Scope . The books draw data from Admiralty official records to give details on the location of construction , dates of construction ( ordering , keel laying , launch , commissioning and completion of fitting - out ) , principal dimensions and tonnage , complement of men and armament , machinery ( for steam vessels ) and fate of every ship of the Royal Navy over the period . Designed dimensions and tonnage are given for every class of vessel planned and built for the Navy , but in addition the actual dimensions measured for each individual vessel completed to those designs are separately given ; this treatment has also been applied to the many vessels purchased or captured by British naval forces , and added to the service . The costs of building and fitting out each vessel are given ( where known ) , as well as the costs and dates of major refits during each ship ' s life . Also included are details of their commanders with dates when each served , areas and periods of service , and significant actions in which the ships took part . Each volume contains details of over two thousand separate vessels , and is illustrated by approximately two hundred black - and - white renditions of the design draughts , contemporary portrayals and other depictions of most classes of vessel covered . Series . The series currently comprises three books . The first of the series to be produced , the 1793 - 1817 volume , was first published in 2005 by Chatham Publishing . The remaining titles , and an updated edition of the 1793 - 1817 volume , have been published by Seaforth Publishing : A fourth volume in this series , covering the period 1817 - 1863 , is in preparation . Sailing warships after 1817 are covered in less detail by " The Sail and Steam Navy List , 1815 - 1889 " , by David Lyon and Rif Winfield . Reception . Reviewing the 1793 - 1817 work , the " Journal for Maritime Research " wrote that ' It is well - researched , well - presented , easy to navigate and exhaustive in its coverage . It is a reference work that will be used by students and scholars of the sailing Navy for years to come . ' When reviewing the 1714 - 1792 volume , the second work to be published , the South West Maritime History Society described it as ' frankly quite superb ' , and ' the most complete analysis of the ships of the Royal Navy ever prepared . '
Henry Brockholst Livingston Henry Brockholst Livingston ( November 25 , 1757 – March 18 , 1823 ) was an American Revolutionary War officer , a justice of the New York Court of Appeals and eventually an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States . Born in New York , New York to Susanna French and William Livingston , he received a B . A . from the College of New Jersey , ( now Princeton University ) , in 1774 . He inherited the Livingston estate , Liberty Hall ( at modern - day Kean University ) , and retained it until 1798 . During the American Revolutionary War he was a lieutenant colonel of the New York Line , serving on the staff of General Philip Schuyler from 1775 to 1777 and as an Aide - de - Camp to Major General Benedict Arnold at the Battle of Saratoga . He was a Private secretary to John Jay , then U . S . Minister to Spain from 1779 to 1782 . Livingston was briefly imprisoned by the British in New York in 1782 . After the war , Livingston read law to enter the Bar in 1783 , and was in private practice in New York City from 1783 to 1802 . Livingston served as a justice on the Supreme Court of New York from 1802 to 1807 , where he authored a famous dissent in the case of " Pierson v . Post , 3 Cai . R . 175 " ( 1805 ) . Two years later , on November 10 , 1806 , Livingston received a recess appointment from Thomas Jefferson to a seat on the Supreme Court of the United States vacated by William Paterson . Formally nominated on December 15 , 1806 , Livingston was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17 , 1806 , and received his commission on January 16 , 1807 . He served on the Supreme Court from then until his death in 1823 . During his Supreme Court tenure , Livingston ' s votes and opinions often followed the lead of Chief Justice John Marshall . In that era , Supreme Court Justices were required to ride a circuit ; in Justice Livingston ' s case , he presided over cases in New York State . Livingston died in Washington , D . C . His remains are interred at Green - Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn , N . Y . Further reading .
Almirante Lynch - class destroyer ( 1912 ) The Almirante Lynch class destroyers were a group of ships built for the Chilean Navy just before World War I . The Chileans had long been customers of British shipyards and ordered six ships from J . Samuel White in 1911 . These destroyers were a private design by J . Samuel White that were significantly larger and heavier armed than their contemporary British destroyers . They had four funnels , a tall , narrow fore funnel and three broad , short funnels behind . They were initially armed with six single QF 4 inch guns , unusually arranged with four on the forecastle - two sided in front of the wheelhouse and two sided abreast it - the remaining pair being sided on the quarterdeck . These guns were of a novel Elswick design for the Chileans and when the ships were rearmed they were replaced with standard Royal Navy models . As rearmed in 1918 they carried a BL 4 . 7 inch gun on the forecastle and another on a bandstand between the after pair of funnels , retained the pair of 4 inch guns abreast the wheelhouse and had two QF 2 pounder pom - poms . Only two ships were delivered before the outbreak of war and served in the Chilean Navy until 1945 . The remaining four ships were purchased by the British in 1914 and fought in the Royal Navy during World War I as the " Faulknor " class flotilla leaders . The three surviving ships were returned to the friendly nation of Chile in 1920 , and formed the " Almirante Williams " class - taking their name from the original name of HMS " Botha " - but being worn out were scrapped in 1933 . The class of ships was named after Admiral Patricio Lynch , Chilean sailor , hero of the War of the Pacific .
USS Relief ( 1896 ) The USAHS " Relief and the second USS " Relief was a hospital ship in , respectively , the United States Army and the United States Navy . She was later named USS " Repose " . Construction and design . " Relief " was built for the Maine Steamship Company in 1895 - 96 by the Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works of Chester , Pennsylvania as the passenger ship John Englis . A sister ship , " Horatio Hall " , was also constructed for the company at about the same time . The two vessels were powered by triple expansion steam engines operating at 180 lbs of steam pressure , and were capable of making 16 knots in favorable conditions . Their passenger accommodations , which included dining saloons on the upper deck , were said to be " very fine " . Service history . " John Englis " was completed in December 1896 and was placed on the New York – Maine route , in which she is said to have been well patronized . In 1898 however , the Spanish - American War broke out , and " John Englis " was purchased by the United States Army for use as a hospital ship . Renamed " Relief " , the ship was transferred to the U . S . Navy 13 November 1902 . " Relief " remained inactive into 1908 at Mare Island Navy Yard while factions within the navy debated whether she should be commanded by a line officer or a medical officer . President Theodore Roosevelt ' s desire that a hospital ship accompany the Great White Fleet on its round - the - world voyage led to his endorsement of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery viewpoint . Accordingly , " Relief " was commissioned at Mare Island Navy Yard 6 February 1908 , Surgeon Charles F . Stokes , USN , in command . Departing San Francisco Bay 22 March 1908 , " Relief " met the fleet in Magdalena Bay , Mexico , embarking patients for return to San Francisco . " Relief " rejoined the fleet at San Diego and remained with it while crossing the Pacific Ocean . " Relief ' s " staff provided expert medical care , treatment , and consultations for the more than 14 , 000 officers and men of the Great White Fleet until detached in November 1908 at Olongapo , Philippine Islands . Ordered to return to the U . S . west coast , " Relief " departed Cavite 14 November 1908 but suffered serious damage in a typhoon on the night of 18 and 19 November . Returning to Cavite , the hospital ship was subsequently found to be unseaworthy by an official survey and became a stationary , floating hospital and dispensary . " Relief " continued in service as a floating hospital at Olongapo , Philippine Islands , through World War I , although decommissioned 10 June 1910 . Her name was changed 11 April 1918 to Repose to allow that of " Relief " to be assigned to , a new hospital ship under construction at the Philadelphia Navy Yard . " Repose " was sold 15 May 1919 at Olongapo and entered mercantile service under the same name after repairs . She subsequently served under foreign flags as " Hai Ning " and " Mindanao " until transferred to Philippine registry during 1937 and named " Lanao " . Her fate during World War II is unknown .
Scarff ring The Scarff ring was a type of machine gun mounting developed during the First World War by Warrant Officer ( Gunner ) F . W . Scarff of the Admiralty Air Department for use on two - seater aircraft . The mount incorporated bungee cord suspension in elevation to compensate for the weight of the gun , and allowed an airgunner in an open cockpit to swivel and elevate his weapon ( a Lewis machine gun ) quickly , and easily fire in any direction . Later models permitted the fitting of two Lewis guns ; while this doubled the firepower available , operation of the paired guns was more cumbersome , and required considerable strength from the gunner , especially at altitude , so that many gunners preferred the original single gun - and this became the postwar standard . In either case , the mounting was simple , rugged , and gave its operator an excellent field of fire . It was widely adapted and copied for other airforces . As well as becoming a standard fitting in the British forces during the First World War , the Scarff ring was used in the postwar Royal Air Force for many years . Perhaps the last British aircraft to use the mounting was the Supermarine Walrus amphibian prototype . Scarff was also involved in the development of the Scarff - Dibovsky interrupter gear . Although a deceptively simple device , later attempts to emulate the Scarff ring as a mounting for the dorsal Vickers K in World War II Handley Page Hampden were failures . Handley Page had designed a carriage with ball - bearing wheels running on a track around the cockpit . Vibration when firing shook the balls out , jamming the mounting . In the 1930s , the Germans developed a similar system called the Drehkranz D 30 ( German : Turntable ) which was used on a number of German aircraft , most notably the Junkers Ju 52 .
Aragon - class cruiser The " Aragon " class of unprotected cruisers was a series of three cruisers built between the late 1860s and early 1880s for service with the Spanish Navy . They were named for historic regions and kingdoms of Spain . Description . Construction of the " Aragon " - class cruises as armored corvette s with a central battery ironclad design began in 1869 , with plans to give them 890 tons of armor and 500 mm ( 19 . 7 inches ) of armor at the waterline . In 1870 , their design was changed to that of an unprotected cruiser or wooden corvette ; political events delayed their construction , but they finally were launched in this form in the years between 1879 and 1881 and completed in 1880 and 1882 . Their original conception as armored ships and the change to an unarmored one during construction left them with an overly heavy wooden hull that was obsolescent by the time of they were launched . The ships had two funnels and were rigged as barques . The lead unit ' s machinery was manufactured by the John Penn Company in the United Kingdom , while her sisters ' was manufactured at the naval shipyard at Ferrol following John Penn ' s pattern . The original main battery of Armstrong - built 8 - inch ( 203 - mm ) guns was obsolescent when the ships were completed , and were quickly replaced with more modern guns mounted in sponsons , with " Aragon " more heavily armed than her sisters . Designed for colonial service , they was never intended to fight the kind of heavily armed , armored , steel - hulled warships " Castilla " would face in the Battle of Manila Bay . History . Much of the operational history of the " Aragon " - class cruisers is obscure . " Castilla " served in home waters and then in the Philippines , were she was sunk , but it is known only that the other two were in home waters in the 1890s . Sources differ on whether " Aragon " and " Navarra " were hulked and then scrapped in the 1890s or survived into the early 20th century in non - combat roles . Ships in class . " Aragon " . " Aragon " , the lead unit , was under construction for eleven years before commissioning in 1880 . In home waters in the 1890s , she either was hulked in 1896 and sold for scrap in 1900 or survived until stricken around 1905 . " Navarra " . " Navarra " was under construction for thirteen years before commissioning in 1882 . In home waters in the 1890s , she either was hulked in 1896 and sold for scrap in 1899 or survived to become a cadet training ship in 1900 . " Castilla " . " Castilla " was under construction for thirteen years before commissioning in 1882 . After early service in Spanish waters , she was sent to the Philippines , where she supported Spanish operations against Philippine insurgents in 1896 – 1897 , the early part of the Philippine Revolution known to the colonial Spaniards as the " Tagalog Revolt . " She was part of the squadron of Rear Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasaron when the Spanish - American War began , and was sunk in the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898 .
Warrior Leader Course The Warrior Leader Course ( WLC ) , formerly the Primary Leadership Development Course ( PLDC ) , is the first course of study in the US Army Non - Commissioned Officer Education System ( NCOES ) . WLC is a month long course that trains Specialists , Corporals , and Sergeants in the fundamentals of leadership . The course curriculum includes instruction in Leadership Skills , Training Skills and Warfighting Skills . To graduate , soldiers must pass the following evaluations : Land Navigation and the APFT have only recently been added back to the list after being considered unit level tasks for several years prior to 2012 . PT evaluation is the ability to conduct a PT session . A passing APFT score is needed to attend WLC , and an APFT will be administered . Also it is broken down in these exams : This is current as of FY 2012 . WLC is non - specific to the soldier ' s Military Occupational Specialty ( MOS ) , and graduates are awarded the NCO Professional Development Ribbon . Graduates who are below the rank of Sergeant also earn 80 promotion points that are retained until the graduate has been promoted . The next level of education is Advanced Leader Course ( ALC ) , formerly known as Basic Noncommissioned Officer Course ( BNCOC ) .
Andrei Eberhardt Andrei Augostovich Eberhardt ( , occasionally transliterated as Ebergard ) ( 1856 – 1919 ) was an Admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy of Swedish ancestry . Eberhardt graduated from the Marine Cadet Corps in 1878 . From 1882 to 1884 , he served in the Pacific Fleet as a signals officer . In 1886 he became a flag officer and adjutant to Admiral Shestakov ( Minister of the Navy ) and in 1891 he became a flag officer to Admiral Tyrtov commanding the Russian Pacific Squadron . In 1896 Eberhardt was moved to the Black Sea Fleet , where he was gunnery officer on the battleships " Ekaterina II " and " Chesma " . In 1898 he moved to the Far East , where he commanded the " Admiral Nakhimov " and took part in suppressing the Boxer Rebellion . During the Russo – Japanese War , Eberhardt was chief naval aide to Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev , the viceroy of Manchuria . In 1905 , he was captain of the Russian battleship Imperator Aleksandr II and in 1906 he was made captain of the Panteleimon . He was promoted to Rear Admiral in 1907 and Vice Admiral in 1909 Eberhardt was Russia ' s Chief of the Russian Naval General Staff from 1908 and Commander - in - Chief of the Black Sea Fleet from 1911 . During World War I , his top achievement was setting up a naval blockade of Zonguldak coal fields , choking coal supply of the German - Turkish fleet . He also commanded the Russian battleship squadron during the Battle of Cape Sarych . However he was cautious to start further offensive actions against Turkish positions in Bosporus and was replaced by Aleksandr Kolchak in 1916 . Eberhardt retired from service in 1917 and was arrested by the Cheka in 1918 but released . He died in 1919 and is buried in the Novodeviche Cemetery in St Petersburg .
Japanese destroyer Makinami ( 1942 ) Makinami was a of the Imperial Japanese Navy . Her name means " Overflowing Waves " ( Rolling Wave ) . On the night of 24 – 25 November 1943 , " Makinami " was on a troop evacuation run to Buka Island when she was sunk in the Battle of Cape St . George . After being crippled by a torpedo from either , or , she was finished off by gunfire from and , 55 miles ( 100 km ) east - southeast of Cape St . George ( ) .
Chuchupak Vasyl Stepanovych Chuchupak Vasyl Stepanovych , Vasyl Stepan ' s son Chuchupak ( 1894 - 12 April 1920 ) - man of ukrainorussian cossack origin , one of the famous insurgent , village , green otamans , who took part in the Civil War for Democracy during 1917 - 1923 on the territories on the former Russian Empire and modern Ukraine , one of the supporters of such type of newly born Ukrainian Republic as " independent Ukraine for Ukrainians " that is independent , mononational state which according to his opponents of that time , first of all bolsheviks and Red Army was dangerous utopia because Ukraine is multinational society which in that period strictly needed the union and collaboration with Soviet Russia . Life story . Born in Chygyryn region , where in the 17th century the Ukrainian insurgent army of Bogdan Khmelnytsky was formed in which very probably among forefathers of most people of present - day Ukraine took part also forefathers of Vasyl . The legends about those times when people of whole country named themselves " cossacks " that is " free people by the will of God that can defend life and freedom of themselves " and fought for freedom , liberties and rights of ordinary people , for independence and democracy made great impact on the Vasyl ' s education in his childhood . In real life was cruel with his political opponents as they were cruel with him and his people and their families and didn ' t want to make compromise , which resulted in death almost all of his people and Vasyl himself . But despite all of this he can be seen as important participant of struggle for democracy and Civil War for Democracy during 1917 - 1923 which resulted in establishment of separate Ukrainian Republic and modern Ukraine of today . Vasyl was killed in fight with squadron of red cossacks .
Speculatores Speculatores and Exploratores were the scouts and reconnaissance element of the Roman army . In both the legions and in the praetorian camp , speculatores were initially scouts but became bodyguards , courier s , law - enforcers , and sometimes executioner s . Exploratores were tasked to keep watch on enemy movements in the field . Both occupations could require the wearing of ' plain clothes ' and may therefore be deemed spies ( Occulta speculator / speculatrix ) . The Roman Empire lasted a very long time and various espionage units , including the infamous frumentarii created by Hadrian to suppress internal dissent , and later the agentes in rebus , came and went throughout its history . Imperial bodyguard . The first permanent imperial bodyguards were the Corporis Custodes ( also called Germanic or Batavian bodyguards ) . They were probably involved in the death of Emperor Nero , and therefore from that moment on amortized as bodyguards . His successor , Galba , promoted his own bodyguards , the " Speculatores " , to imperial bodyguards . This situation continued until emperor Trajan promoted his own bodyguard , the Equites Singulares , to imperial bodyguards . The " Speculatores " were recruited from the best riders of the Praetorian cavalry ; they became the unit that was entrusted with the protection of the emperor in Rome . Despite being a private , standalone unit with its own barracks , the unit frequently counted to the Praetorian Guard . The tasks of the imperial bodyguard consisted of ( among others ) : guarding and protecting the emperor , the delivery of imperial mail and training with the emperor during public shows , in which the emperor could show his riding and combat skills to the population .
Oskar Freiherr von Hohenhausen Oskar Freiherr von Hohenhausen und Hochhaus ( 15 February 1905 – 26 February 1970 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Albert Brendel Albert Brendel ( 8 December 1893 – 14 April 1943 ) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Albert Brendel was captured by Soviet troops at Stalingrad and died in captivity on 14 April 1943 . External links .