naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Rumiñawi ( Inca warrior ) Rumiñawi ( Kichwa " rumi " stone , rock , " ñawi " eye , face , " stone eye " , " stone face " , " rock eye " or " rock face " , hispanicized spellings " Rumiaoui , Ruminavi , Ruminagui , Rumiñagui , Rumiñahui " ) , born late 15th century , died June 25 , 1535 , was a general during the civil war , who after the death of Emperor Atahualpa , led the resistance against the Spanish in the northern part of the Inca Empire ( modern - day Ecuador ) in 1533 . Born in Pillaro in the modern Tungurahua Province in Ecuador , his given name was Ati II Pillahuaso . Inca historians tend to believe that he was Atahualpa ' s half - brother , born from a native noble woman . When Francisco Pizarro imprisoned Atahualpa and held him in the Ransom Room , Rumiñawi marched towards Cajamarca to deliver a huge amount of gold . But when the Spaniards broke their word , executing Atahualpa and slaughtering his troops , Rumiñawi returned to the kingdoms of Quito and is believed to have ordered the Treasure of the Llanganatis thrown off a cliff into a lake or crater . Learning of Rumiñawi ' s resistance , Pizarro sent his lieutenant Sebastián de Benalcázar North to take Quito and bring whatever treasure he could recover . The forces of Rumiñawi and Benalcázar met at the Battle of Mount Chimborazo , where Rumiñawi was defeated . However , before the Spanish forces captured Quito , Rumiñawi ordered to burn it to the ground and to kill the " ñustas " ( temple virgins ) to preserve their honor . Rumiñahui was eventually captured , tortured and killed by the Spanish but never revealed the location of the treasure . Legacy . In 1985 the Ecuadorian Congress made December 1 of every year a day of remembrance for the personality of Rumiñawi as an indigenous hero and defender of the Kingdom of Quito . Rumiñahui ' s portrait was the prominent image on the front of the 1 , 000 Ecuadorian sucre note .
Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes The Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes ( " Our Lady of Mercy " in English ) was a Spanish frigate which was sunk by the British off the south coast of Portugal on 5 October 1804 during the Battle of Cape Santa Maria . Odyssey Marine Exploration claim to have discovered the vessel and recovered its treasure in 2007 resulting in a legal challenge from Spain . Odyssey claim to have recovered " over 500 , 000 silver coins weighing more than , hundreds of gold coins , worked gold , and other artifacts , it is believed that this recovery constitutes the largest collection of coins ever excavated ( actually ruled as an expoliation ) from a deep - ocean site . " A U . S . federal court and a panel from the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit have upheld the Spanish claim to the contents of the ship ; Spain took control of the treasure in February 2012 . - Documents from the court case in which it was alleged that the Mercedes had been found by Odyssey Marine .
Abdol Ali Badrei Abdol Ali Badrei ( 29 March 1921 - 11 February 1979 ) was an Iranian lieutenant general and the last commander of the imperial ground forces and the imperial guards . Early life and education . Badrei was born in Kermanshah on 29 March 1921 . He graduated from the military academy in Kermanshah and Tehran . Career . After graduation , Badrei joined the Imperial army as lieutenant . His first mission was in 1946 to fight against rebels in Azerbaijan and Kurdistan . Then he joined the imperial guards in 1946 . In 1967 , he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general and served as second in command in the guards . In 1971 , he became a major general and was appointed commander of the immortal guards in 1973 . In 1975 , he was made lieutenant general and was appointed commander of the imperial guards in 1976 . In January 1979 Badrei publicly stated that the army would not follow the orders of the then prime minister Shahpour Bakhtiar . Instead of being reprimanded by the Shah due to these remarks , he was named commander of the ground forces on 10 January , succeeding Gholam Ali Oveissi , who had resigned from office and left Iran . Badrei formed a group to carry a military coup on 10 February , just before the Iranian revolution . He served in the post of the Imperial Guards commander until his death on 11 February , and the Guards was disbanded on 17 February . Death . Badrei was assassinated on 11 February 1979 in the headquarters of the army in Tehran .
Grigorovich M - 9 Grigorovich M - 9 ( alternative designation ShCh M - 9 , sometimes also Shchetinin M - 9 ) was a Russia n World War I - era biplane flying boat , developed from the M - 5 by Grigorovich . The first M - 9 was ready in 1915 and its maiden flight was carried out on January 9 , 1916 at Baku . On September 17 , 1916 , the test pilot Jan Nagórski became the first to make a loop with a flying boat . During the Russian Civil War , M - 9s participated in the air defence of Baku , dropping approximately 6 , 000 kg of bombs and 160 kg of arrows . The aircraft also carried out photo reconnaissance , artillery spotting and air combat sorties . The M - 9 was also used for the first experiments on sea shelve study , participating in the finding of new oil fields near Baku . Nine M - 9s were captured by Finland during the Russian Civil War . One was flown by a Russian officer to Antrea on April 10 , 1918 . It sank the following day during type evaluation . Eight more were taken over at the airfields at Åland and Turku . The aircraft were used until 1922 by the Finnish Air Force . Sources . Heinonen , Timo : " Thulinista Hornetiin - Keski - Suomen ilmailumuseon julkaisuja 3 " , Keski - Suomen ilmailumuseo , 1992 , ISBN 951 - 95688 - 2 - 4
William Curphey Captain William George Sellar Curphey was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Early life and entry into military . Curphey was born in Glasgow , Scotland to Mr . and Mrs . William Salvador Curphey , residing at 87 Canfield Gardens , Hampstead , Middlesex , England ; the elder William Curphey was a civil servant . The younger William Curphey was educated at Glasgow Academy , at University College School , Hampstead , and at London University . He belonged to the Officers Training Corps at London University . Military career . Professional advancement . Curphey enlisted in the Royal Berkshires in the early days of World War I . His commission as Temporary Second lieutenant in that regiment was gazetted 16 November 1914 . A promotion to Temporary lieutenant followed on 1 June 1915 . On 15 July 1916 , Curphey was transferred from the Berkshires to the General List of the Royal Flying Corps . He was advanced from Pilot Officer to Flight Commander with an accompanying promotion to Temporary Lieutenant on 8 January 1917 . Aerial success . Curphey was one of the original pilots of 32 Squadron , which was posted with its Airco DH . 2 s to the Battle of the Somme in France on 28 May 1916 . He scored six wins between 22 August 1916 and 7 February 1917 ; one of them was shared with fellow ace Thomas Robb . On 4 February , he suffered a slight head wound and was forced to land by Leutnant Erwin Böhme ; this was Böhme ' s tenth victory . Death in combat . On 14 May 1917 , Curphey was one of a trio of patrollers who attacked three German observation balloons . Six Albatros fighters then attacked them . An Albatros on Curphey ' s tail became Saint Cyprian Tayler ' s second victim . Curphey was then shot down by Leutnant Franz Walz as the German ace ' s seventh victory . Curphey ' s plane was 20 feet from a crashlanding when it burst into flames . He died of the resulting burns the following day , in a German field hospital in Bouchain . At the time of his death , Curphey had a promotion to major pending ; the new rank would have removed him from flight status . Honors and awards . Military Cross Temp . Lt . William George Sellar C ' urphey , Gen . List and R . F . C . For conspicuous skill and gallantry . He brought down an enemy machine , and two days later attacked and brought down another . He has frequently attacked formations of hostile aircraft and driven them down . Bar to the Military Cross ( in lieu of a second award ) His Majesty the KING has been graciously pleased to award a Bar to the Military Cross to the undermentioned Officer : — Temp . Lt . ( temp . Capt . ) William George Sellar Curphey , M . C . , Gen . List and E . F . C . For conspicuous gallantry in action . He , with a patrol of four machines attacked a hostile formation of ten machines . After a prolonged fight he drove one enemy machine down . Later , although wounded , he again led another attack on a hostile machine and succeeded in bringing it down . He has on many previous occasions done fine work . ( The Military Cross was awarded in London Gazette dated 14 November 1916 . )
George Ferguson ( MP ) George Ferguson ( April 1788 – 15 March 1867 ) was a Scottish officer of the Royal Navy . He served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , and rose to the rank of admiral . He was also a Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1832 to 1837 . At the 1832 general election Ferguson was elected Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Banffshire . He held the seat until 1837 . He was the fifth laird of Pitfour in Aberdeenshire from 1821 until his death in 1867 . Early life . Ferguson was the illegitimate son of George Ferguson ( 1748 - 1820 ) the fourth Laird of Pitfour , a large estate in the Buchan area of north east Scotland . His father was usually referred to as " the Governor " and Ferguson inherited the sizeable estate , money and also property in Trinidad and Tobago . As he shared the same name as his father , to help differentiate the two , he is generally known as the " Sailor " or the " Admiral " , an acknowledgement of his naval career . Ferguson was the fifth laird of Pitfour and held the title from 1821 until 1867 . He enjoyed a lavish lifestyle and squandered much of his inheritance gambling . In 1812 he married the heiress Elizabeth Holcombe and received an annuity from her wealthy father , John Woodhouse of Aramstone in Hereford . She died a few weeks after giving birth to their only child , a daughter , in early 1814 . His second marriage was in April 1825 . This was to Elizabeth Jane Rowley , the eldest daughter of Clotworthy Rowley , 1st Baron Langford and a niece of the Duke of Wellington . Naval career . In 1798 , aged ten , Ferguson volunteered to join the navy but never actually served on . He was midshipman on , a 38 - gun frigate before continuing his career on . At 17 years of age he was promoted to lieutenant and continued to rise through the ranks until he retired aged 27 years in September 1815 . In November 1811 , Ferguson was commander of the sloop . Together with , the " Pylades " had towed two damaged ships to Peterhead harbour . Ferguson then went to visit his father at Pitfour . However , early the next morning while Ferguson was still ashore , the " Pylades " broke anchor and was grounded on rocks . Local inhabitants helped throw all the guns overboard and cut away the mast , which successfully re - floated it . The Admiralty refused Ferguson ' s request for a court - martial to clear his name . Ferguson went back to sea after his first wife died shortly after giving birth in spring of 1814 and served on . He rose to the rank of rear - admiral in 1849 , vice - admiral at the beginning of 1856 and admiral in February 1861 by which time he was 72 years of age . Ferguson died in March 1867 at 37 Charles Street , in Berkeley Square , London , a mansion he had purchased from the Marquess of Bute a number of years earlier despite his financial difficulties . He is buried in a family vault at Kensal Green Cemetery . His second wife and two unmarried daughters are also buried there .
Dobrynskoye Dobrynskoye is an air base in Russia located 16 km northeast of Vladimir and more than 200 km east of Moscow . It is an old Soviet Air Force fighter airfield , which appeared on 1970s and 1980s aeronautical charts . The airfield is believed to be abandoned .
Joseph R . West Joseph Rodman West ( September 19 , 1822 – October 31 , 1898 ) was a United States Senator from Louisiana and a general in the United States Army during and after the American Civil War . As a commander of militia , he led troops that killed the Apache chief Mangas Coloradas . Biography . Born in New Orleans , he moved with his parents to Philadelphia in 1824 and was educated in private schools . He attended the University of Pennsylvania from 1836 to 1837 and moved to New Orleans in 1841 ; he was a captain attached to Maryland and District of Columbia Volunteers in the Mexican - American War , 1847 – 1848 . He moved to California in 1849 where he engaged in newspaper work in San Francisco , and was proprietor of the " San Francisco Price Current " . During the Civil War he entered the Union Army as lieutenant of the First Regiment , California Volunteer Infantry , in 1861 ; he was promoted to the rank of colonel and brigadier general . He spent much of his service in the New Mexico Territory as well as Arizona Territory . In January 1863 , Mangas Coloradas decided to personally meet with U . S . military leaders at Fort McLane , near present - day Hurley in southwestern New Mexico . Mangas arrived under a white flag of truce to meet with Brigadier General West . Armed soldiers took him into custody and West is reported to have given an execution order to the sentries . That night Mangas was tortured with heated bayonets , then shot and killed as he was " trying to escape . " In April 1864 , West was ordered to Arkansas to take command of the 2nd Division , VII Corps . He led it through the Red River Campaign . In the fall 1864 , under Major General Frederick Steele , he was engaged against Confederate Major General Sterling Price . He next commanded the cavalry in the Department of the Gulf , from May 15 to June 12 , 1865 . He commanded the 1st Division of Cavalry in the Military Division of the Southwest , composed of two small brigades ( six regiments ) of volunteer cavalry exempted from mustering out . Accompanied by cavalry commander Maj - Gen Wesley Merritt , he led the division from Shreveport , Louisiana , to San Antonio , Texas , in July 1865 for Reconstruction duty and as a counter to Imperial Mexican forces along the Rio Grande . West was mustered out of volunteer service as a brevetted major general in San Antonio on January 4 , 1866 . Following the Civil War , West returned to New Orleans and was deputy United States marshal and auditor for customs from 1867 to 1871 . West was elected as a Republican to the U . S . Senate and served from March 4 , 1871 , to March 3 , 1877 ; he was not a candidate for reelection . While in the Senate he was chairman of the Committee on Railroads ( Forty - fourth Congress ) . He was a member of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia from 1882 to 1885 , serving as President of the Board from 1882 - 1883 . He retired from public life in 1885 and died in Washington , D . C . in 1898 ; interment was in Arlington National Cemetery .
Ballistic Research Laboratory The Ballistic Research Laboratory ( BRL ) at Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland was the center for the United States Army ' s research efforts in ballistics ( interior , exterior , and terminal ) as well as vulnerability / lethality analysis . Dates And Events Of Some Note . On March 27 of 1964 , the U . S . Army ' s Ballistic Research Laboratory , according to the 36th U . S . President ' s Commission ( commonly known as the Warren Commission ) , played host to one of the most famous rifles in U . S . history . On that date , three marksmen test fired a Mannlicher - Carcano T - 38 which is the rifle alleged to be used by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dealey Plaza on Friday , November 22 of 1963 . The results of this test : Only one of the three expert marksmen was able to fire three shots somewhat close to the established official time limit attributed to Oswald . But unlike Oswald from the 6th Floor of the Texas School Book Depository Building , these three marksmen were allowed to use a gun rest , and they were also allowed to take as much time as they needed to line up their first shot at a stationary target . Oswald shot at a moving target . In 1992 , the BRL ' s mission , personnel , and facilities were incorporated into the newly created Army Research Laboratory , and BRL was disestablished . Computers . BRL played an important role in the history of computer development :
German submarine U - 320 German submarine " U - 320 " was a Type VIIC / 41 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out just two patrols , but did not sink any ships . The boat was sunk in May 1945 by a British aircraft and scuttling in the North Sea , the last to be sunk by direct action . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 1 December 1942 by the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as ' werk ' 320 , launched on 6 November 1943 and commissioned on 30 December under the command of " Oberleutnant " Siegfried Breinlinger . She served with the 4th U - boat Flotilla for training , from 30 December 1943 to 1 April 1944 and the 5th flotilla for operations until her sinking on 8 May 1945 . 1st patrol . " U - 320 " departed Kiel on 16 April 1945 and arrived in Horten ( south of Oslo ) , on the 21st . 2nd patrol and loss . The boat left Horten on 27 April 1945 . On 8 May she was badly damaged by depth charge s dropped from a British Catalina of No . 210 Squadron RAF . The battered submarine managed to surface off the Norwegian coast , where she was scuttle d . References . * Kemp spells his surname " Emmerich " .
Hermann von Eichhorn Hermann Emil Gottfried von Eichhorn ( February 13 , 1848 – July 30 , 1918 ) was a Prussian officer , later Generalfeldmarschall during World War I . He was a recipient of Pour le Mérite with Oak Leaves . Biography . Eichhorn was born in Breslau in the Province of Silesia . A veteran of the Austro - Prussian War and the Franco - Prussian War , he had risen through the ranks of the Prussian Army , being appointed chief of the staff of the VI Army Corps at Breslau in 1897 , commanding the 9th Division from 1901 to 1904 and the XVIII Army Corps from 1904 to 1912 . In 1912 he took command of the 7th Army Inspection , the peacetime headquarters for the Imperial German XVI , XVIII , and XXI Army Corps . At the outbreak of World War I , Eichhorn was incapacitated in consequence of an accident , but was able to play a part in the Battle of Soissons . He became the commanding general of the 10th Army on January 21 , 1915 , which he would command until March 5 , 1918 . This Army engaged in the great battle of the Masurian Lakes in February 1915 . In August , he took Kovno and afterwards the fortresses of Grodno and Olita , and continued his advance into Russia . He received the Pour le Mérite on August 18 , 1915 and the oakleaves to the Pour le Mérite on September 28 , 1915 . On July 30 , 1916 , while remaining in command of the 10th Army , Eichhorn became supreme commander of Army Group Eichhorn ( " Heeresgruppe Eichhorn " ) based around 10th Army , which he would command until March 31 , 1918 . On December 18 , 1917 Eichhorn was promoted to Generalfeldmarschall . On April 3 , 1918 , Field Marshal von Eichhorn became supreme commander of Army Group Kiev ( " Heeresgruppe Kiew " ) and simultaneously military governor of Ukraine . He was assassinated in Kiev on July 30 , 1918 by Boris Mikhailovich Donskoy of Left Socialist - Revolutionaries . He is buried at the Invaliden Friedhof in Berlin . Legacy . In his memory the main street in Kiev , Khreshchatyk Street , carried his name during the Nazi occupation .
USS Florikan ( ASR - 9 ) The USS " Florikan " ( ASR - 9 ) was a " Chanticleer " - class submarine rescue ship in the United States Navy . " Florikan " was launched 14 June 1942 by Moore Dry Dock Company , Oakland , California ; sponsored by Mrs . L . Sahm ; and commissioned 5 April 1943 , Lieutenant N . K . Banks , USNR , in command . Service history . From 3 to 20 July 1943 , " Florikan " aided in the training of submarine s at Pearl Harbor , acting as target , screening , escort , and torpedo recovery vessel . She served on similar duty at Midway between 24 July and 2 September , then sailed for Kiska , Alaska , arriving 7 September . For a month , she carried out diving operations on Japan ese submarine " I - 7 " , which had been grounded by her crew south of Kiska Harbor . Their attempts to scuttle the submarine had been incomplete , the after half remaining intact in a hundred feet of water . Seven divers entered the hulk , recovering important documents and personal papers of value in intelligence work . " Florikan " returned to duty at Midway from 9 October 1943 to 12 November , then served at Pearl Harbor from 16 November to 11 June 1944 . With Majuro activated as a forward base for submarines , " Florikan " trained submarines there from 18 June to 31 January 1945 , then returned to duty at Pearl Harbor through the close of the war . Assigned to home port at San Diego , " Florikan " first arrived there 12 September 1946 , and through the next 15 years , trained submarine rescue personnel there , took part in fleet exercises and training operations , and brought her specialized services to the Far East in a tour of duty with the 7th Fleet each year save 1952 , 1954 , 1956 , and 1958 . On her 1960 deployment , she escorted a Vietnamese ship across the Pacific when outward bound . She was decommissioned on 2 August 1991 and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 3 September 1991 and remained at Inactive Ships , Pearl Harbor until 6 October 2000 , when she entered the Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet . Her title was transferred from the Navy to MARAD on 28 July 2001 . On 28 November 2006 , she was cleaned for possible use as a SINKEX target , but instead MARAD issued a contract to dismantle " Florikan " on 2 July 2010 to Marine Metals of Brownsville , Tx for $ 895 , 708 . " Florikan " completed her hull cleaning on 2 August 2010 at Bay Ship & Yacht , Alameda , Ca and she was completely dismantled on 29 December 2010 , when she was withdrawn from the reserve fleet inventory .
Donald J . Butz Donald J . Butz is a retired Major General in the United States Air Force . Biography . Butz was born in Nevada City , California in 1933 . He graduated from Christian Brothers High School in Sacramento , California before attending Yuba College , Chico State College , the University of California , Berkeley and the School of Dentistry at Saint Louis University . Career . Butz joined the Air Force in 1959 and was stationed at Misawa Air Base in Japan in October of that year . In 1962 , he returned to the United States and was assigned to Vandenberg Air Force Base . He was later assigned to Robins Air Force Base before becoming an instructor and course supervisor at Sheppard Air Force Base . From 1973 to 1978 , he was assigned to the Office of the Surgeon General of the United States Air Force . He then transferred to Headquarters United States Air Forces in Europe . In 1979 , he returned to the Office of the Surgeon General before transferring to Headquarters Tactical Air Command in 1982 . Butz was named Assistant Surgeon General for Dental Services in the Office of the Surgeon General in 1987 . He would retire in 1993 . Awards he received include the Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster , the Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster , the Air Force Commendation Medal , the Outstanding Unit Award , the Organizational Excellence Award and the National Defense Service Medal .