naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Isaac Foote Dortch Isaac Foote Dortch ( December 12 , 1883 – June 4 , 1932 ) was a captain in the United States Navy who was awarded the Navy Cross for actions during World War I . Biography . Born in Gadsden , Alabama , graduated from the Naval Academy in 1905 . He commanded USS " Warrington " ( DD - 30 ) in 1915 , and during World War I , commanded USS " Wadsworth " ( DD - 60 ) and fitted out and commissioned USS " Talbot " ( DD - 114 ) . For his distinguished service while commanding " Wadsworth " and " Talbot " , he was awarded the Navy Cross . Captain Dortch served as naval attaché in Argentina and Chile during 1922 - 25 and died while on active duty 4 June 1932 at San Francisco , California . Namesake . The destroyer USS " Dortch " ( DD - 670 ) was named in his honor .
Richard Maybery Captain Richard Aveline Maybery MC and Bar ( 1895 – 19 December 1917 ) was a Welsh flying ace of the First World War . Maybery was born in Brecon , Wales , in January 1895 , the only son of Aveline Maybery , a solicitor , and his wife Lucy . He was educated locally and at Wellington College , Berkshire , before going on to the Royal Military College at Sandhurst . After his graduation he joined the 21st ( Empress of India ' s ) Lancers . At the outbreak of war he served in the North West Frontier province until he was injured in a riding accident . Bored during his rehabilitation and unable to sit on a horse he became involved in observing for a unit of the Royal Flying Corps who were based nearby . Later he travelled to Egypt where he trained to be a pilot , before he was posted to France with 56 Squadron , serving with aces James McCudden , Arthur Rhys Davids and Keith Muspratt . Aggressive and headstrong , Maybery quickly accumulated a high victory tally , and he scored his 21st and final victory , on 19 December 1917 , when he shot down an Albatros DV over Bourlon Wood . Maybery ' s SE5a was then either hit by anti aircraft fire or shot down by " Vzfw . " Artur Weber of " Jasta 5 " and crashed near the village of Haynecourt . Maybery was buried at Flesquieres Hill British Cemetery , Nord , France . His wartime tally consisted of 14 and 2 shared destroyed , and 5 ' out of control ' . A marble plaque dedicated to the memory of Richard Aveline Maybery , can be found in Brecon Cathedral . The plaque includes the prayer : Quotes . Reminiscence of Captain Duncan Grinnell - Milne , Commanding Officer of No . 56 Squadron RFC , upon hearing news of the death of Captain Richard Maybery
964th Airborne Air Control Squadron The 964th Airborne Air Control Squadron ( 964 AACS ) is part of the 552d Air Control Wing at Tinker Air Force Base , Oklahoma . It operates the E - 3 Sentry ( AWACS ) aircraft conducting airborne command and control missions . Mission . Provide the Combat Air Force with airborne systems and personnel for surveillance , warning and control of strategic , tactical , and special mission forces . History . The squadron was an operational training unit for 25th Antisubmarine Wing from , November 1942 – October 1943 . It went on to train B - 17 Flying Fortress replacement crews from , November 1943 – April 1944 and conducted visual reconnaissance , medical evacuation , and light transport services for ground forces in Burma from , 19 December 1944 – 3 May 1945 . The 964th flew long range surveillance missions in the late 1950s . It rotated aircrews to Southeast Asia from , c . 4 April 1965 – 17 May 1974 . The 964th also flew combat support missions in Southwest Asia from , 17 January – 6 March 1991 .
Laser guidance Laser guidance is a technique of guiding a missile or other projectile or vehicle to a target by means of a laser beam . Some laser guided systems utilise beam riding guidance , but most operate more similarly to semi - active radar homing ( SARH ) . This technique is sometimes called SALH , for Semi - Active Laser Homing . With this technique , a laser is kept pointed at the target and the laser radiation bounces off the target and is scattered in all directions ( this is known as “ painting the target ” , or “ laser painting ” ) . The missile , bomb , etc . is launched or dropped somewhere near the target . When it is close enough for some of the reflected laser energy from the target to reach it , a laser seeker detects which direction this energy is coming from and adjusts the projectile trajectory towards the source . While the projectile is in the general area and the laser is kept aimed at the target , the projectile should be guided accurately to the target . Note that laser guidance is not useful against targets that do not reflect much laser energy , including those coated in special paint which absorbs laser energy . This is likely to be widely used by advanced military vehicles in order to make it harder to use laser rangefinders against them and harder to hit them with laser - guided munitions . An obvious circumvention would be to aim the laser merely close to the target . Countermeasures to laser guidance are Laser detection systems , Smoke screen , anti - laser active protection systems .
Cambridge University Air Squadron Cambridge University Air Squadron , abbreviated CUAS , formed in 1925 , is the training unit of the Royal Air Force at the University of Cambridge and forms part of the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve . It is the oldest of 14 University Air Squadrons in the UK . For many years it was based at Cambridge Airport at Teversham . Present day . Cambridge University Air Squadron offers basic flying training and adventure training to undergraduates and graduates and encourages members to take up a career as an officer in one of the branches of the Royal Air Force . Members of CUAS are not committed to join the RAF after graduation . Student members hold the title of Officer Cadet , which carries the privileges , but not the rank , of a commissioned officer . The four senior student members of the squadron are granted commissions in the RAF Volunteer Reserve , with the rank of Acting Pilot Officer . Officer Cadets are required to attend a minimum of one training night a week during full term , usually a lecture by a guest speaker on an aspect of the Royal Air Force or another military unit . They are also expected to take part in two weeks of continuous training during the Long Vacation . There are also camps during all university vacations for sports , flying and adventure training . CUAS is based at RAF Wyton , and is equipped with Grob Tutor T Mk 1s . Each officer cadet is offered a Summer Vacation Attachment of one week at another RAF base , seconded to an active regular unit .
Friedrich Weiß Friedrich Weiß ( 27 September 1919 – 12 October 1992 ) was a highly decorated Oberfähnrich in the Luftwaffe during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Ardotalia Ardotalia ( also known as Melandra , or Melandra Castle ) is a Roman fort in Gamesley , near Glossop in Derbyshire , England ( ) . Ardotalia was constructed by Cohors Primae Frisiavonum — The First Cohort of Frisiavones . Evidence for the existence of this unit exists not only from the building stone found at the site but also from various diplomas and other Roman writings . This unit would have had around a thousand men , including the specialist craftsmen needed to perform the skilled work of building the fort . This unit was assisted in constructing the fort by the 3rd Cohort of Bracara Augustani . These men were probably Iberian Celts from the colony of Braga in Portugal , who seem to have been attached to the XX Legion Valeria Victrix in Chester . Whilst it is unknown which of these Cohorts actually manned the fort it seems more likely that the 3rd Cohort of Bracara Augustani performed this duty , as they were from a hilly region and so were more experienced in holding terrain such as that found around Glossop . The Frisiavones were from low - lying lands beyond the Rhine and so may have been divided between the lower terrain of Manchester and Northwich . The First Cohort of Frisiavones were also present at Brocolitia , one of Hadrian ' s wall forts and settlements , at Carrawburgh , Northumberland . Evidence for this relies on an inscription on an altar stone , which tells us that Optio Maus ( an NCO within the Cohort ) had repaid a vow to the goddess Coventina . Whether this altar was the repayment of the vow is unknown . The name Melandra is of unknown origin but may have been originated by the John Watson , Rector of Stockport , who visited the site c . 1771 when substantial stone remains existed ; the Romans called the fort Ardotalia .
M20 ( missile ) The M20 was a French Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile ( SLBM ) deployed on the nuclear " Redoutable " class submarine s . It was withdrawn from service by 1991 . History . The M - 20 was the third member of the MSBS ( " Mer - Sol - Balistique - Stratégique " , " sea - ground ballistic strategic " ) family which comprised a number of submarine - launched , intermediate range missiles . The force constitutes the second leg of the French nuclear deterrent force . The M - 1 version went into service in 1971 and was phased out in favour of the M - 2 in 1974 , itself replaced by the M - 20 in 1977 . The new M - 4 missile entered service in 1985 and has replaced the M - 20 . French nuclear - powered submarines ( SNLE : " Sous - marin Nucléaire Lanceur d ' Engins " , " Nuclear Device - Launching Submarine " ) , are able to carry 16 missiles each . The oldest ship , " Redoutable " , was not converted to carry the M - 4 and was withdrawn from service in 1991 . Logistical support for the MSBS fleet is provided by the Île Longue Naval Base in Brest Bay , where the assembly and storage facilities for maintenance of readiness are located . Three SSBNs are intended to be operational at any one time . The M - 20 system entered service in 1977 . There were 100 missiles produced , and the M - 20 ceased operational deployment in 1991 . Technical . The M - 20 was a two - stage , solid propellant , Intermediate - Range Ballistic Missile , 10 . 4 m in length and 1 . 5 m in diameter . Launch weight was 20000 kg and the missile had a range of 3000 km . Control of the first stage was by four gimball ed nozzle s ; the second stage by thrust vector control through a single fixed nozzle . The first stage propellant weighed 10000 kg and burns for 55 seconds , the second stage propellant weighs 6015 kg and burns for 58 seconds . Guidance was inertial . The payload was believed to include some penetration aids and the single re - entry vehicle had some hardening against nuclear effects . The TN - 60 warhead was reported to be 1 . 2 Mt .
HMS Hussar ( 1757 ) HMS " Hussar " was a 28 - gun " Coventry " - class sixth - rate frigate of the Royal Navy . Construction . The " Hussar " was one of five frigates of the class built of fir rather than oak . Fir was cheaper and more abundant than oak and permitted noticeably faster construction , but at a cost of a reduced lifespan ; the four fir - built " Coventry " - class vessels that did not get captured lasted an average of only nine years before being struck off .
Friedrich Jakob Friedrich Jakob ( 18 March 1910 – 9 September 1994 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
USS Pequeni ( 1917 ) USS " Pequeni " was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 or 1918 to the end of 1918 . " Pequeni " was built as a motor launch of the same name at Balboa in the Panama Canal Zone for the Panama Canal Company . Sometime in 1917 or 1918 , the U . S . Navy acquired her for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She never received a section patrol ( SP ) number , but she was commissioned as USS " Pequeni " . Service history . " Pequeni " conducted patrols in the Panama Canal Zone for the rest of World War I . She was stricken from the Navy List on 31 December 1918 and was returned to the Panama Canal Company the same day .
Thriambus A thriambus ( also spelled thriamb , thriambas , or thriambos ; Greek ) is a hymn to Dionysus , sung in processions in his honour , and at the same time an epithet of the god himself , according to Diodorus ( 4 . 5 . 2 ) : " Thriambus " is a name that has been given him , they say , because he was the first of those of whom we have a record to have celebrated a triumph ( " thriambos " ) upon entering his native land after his campaign , this having been done when he returned from India with great booty . It was loaned into Old Latin via Etruscan as ' , in Classical Latin taking the form ' , the Roman triumph where the victorious general takes the role of Dionysus as leader of the procession , later associated with rather than Dionysus . Arrian traces the custom to Alexander the Great when he states ( " Anabasis " 6b . 28 ) : Certain authors have said ( though to me the statement seems incredible ) that Alexander led his forces through Carmania lying extended with his Companions upon two covered waggons joined together , the flute being played to him ; and that the soldiers followed him wearing garlands and sporting . Food was provided for them , as well as all kinds of dainties which had been brought together along the roads by the Carmanians . They say that he did this in imitation of the Bacchic revelry of Dionysus , because a story was told about that deity , that after subduing the Indians he traversed the greater part of Asia in this manner and received the appellation of " Thriambus " , and that for the same reason the processions in honour of victories after war were called " thriambi " . The term ' s etymology is connected with the word " fig leaf " by Aemilius Luetcke ( 1829 ) who refers to the epithet " of the fig tree " of Dionysus . From the time of Roman Greece ( 2nd century BC ) , the Greek term increasingly narrows to a translation of Latin " triumphus " . In Modern Greek , is used in the same generalized meaning as English " triumph " .
Second Bull Run Confederate order of battle The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Second Battle of Bull Run of the American Civil War . The Union order of battle is listed separately . Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the battle , the casualty returns and the reports . Army of Northern Virginia . Gen Robert E . Lee , Commanding Right Wing . MG James Longstreet Left Wing . MG Thomas J . Jackson Chief of Artillery : Col Stapleton Crutchfield
Siege of Iwamura Castle The 1572 siege of Iwamura was concurrent with Takeda Shingen ' s push into Tōtōmi Province and the famous Battle of Mikatagahara . Akiyama Nobutomo , one of Shingen ' s " Twenty - Four Generals , " set his eye on the great " yamashiro " ( mountain castle ) of Iwamura when Tōyama Kagetō , the commander of the castle ' s garrison , fell ill and died . Akiyama negotiated the castle ' s surrender with Tōyama ' s widow , Lady Otsuya , and took it without any bloodshed . The official keeper of the castle , a seven - year old lord called Gobōmaru , was taken to the Takeda home province of Kai as a hostage . In accordance with the surrender treaty , Lady Otsuya , who was the aunt of Oda Nobunaga , married Akiyama and she remained the lady of the castle .
Battle of Artah The Battle of Artah was fought in 1105 between Crusader forces and the Seljuk Turks . The Turks were led by Fakhr al - Mulk Radwan of Aleppo , while the Crusaders were led by Tancred , Prince of Galilee , regent of the Principality of Antioch . The Crusaders were victorious and proceeded to threaten Aleppo itself . Background . After the great Crusader defeat at the Battle of Harran in 1104 , all of Antioch ' s strongholds east of the Orontes River were abandoned . In order to raise additional Crusader reinforcements , Bohemond of Taranto embarked for Europe , leaving Tancred as regent in Antioch . The new regent began to patiently recover the lost castles and walled towns . Battle . Tancred laid siege to the castle of Artah , which is located east - northeast of Antioch . When Radwan tried to interfere with the operation , Tancred gave battle and defeated the army of Aleppo . The Latin prince is supposed to have won by his " skilful use of ground . " The Franks may have gained a tactical advantage by using the " device of a feigned retreat . " Otherwise , little is known about the battle . Aftermath . After his victory , Tancred expanded his conquests east of the Orontes with only minor opposition . The next actions of consequence in northern Syria were the Battle of Shaizar in 1111 and the Battle of Sarmin in 1115 .
21st Cavalry Division ( United States ) The 21st Cavalry Division was a division of the United States Army National Guard . The 21st Cavalry Division was located in the North Eastern United States . The division was composed of personnel from the New York ; New Jersey ; Pennsylvania and Rhode Island Army National Guards . The division was created from the perceived need for additional cavalry units after the First World War . It numbered in succession of the Regular Army Divisions , which were not all active at its creation . History . The Division was constituted in 1921 and assigned to the First Army . Not all authorized units were active during the Division ' s lifetime . The Division did not participate in the First Army maneuvers in 1935 , 1939 , and 1940 . The 21st was inactivated on 1 October 1940 and disbanded on 1 November 1940 .
GB - 8 GB - 8 was a precision guided munition developed by the United States during World War II . It was one of the precursors of modern anti - ship missiles . Following German success with the Hs - 293 and Fritz - X , the U . S . began developing several similar weapons , such as Felix , Azon , Gargoyle , GB - 4 , and GB - 8 . GB - 8 was intended as a clear weather , good visibility weapon to attack heavily - defended targets . It featured a plywood airframe with twin booms and fins with a single elevator . The warhead was a 2000 lb ( 907 kg ) general purpose ( GP ) bomb . The bomb was steered by radio command guidance , the operator tracking it by means of red and white flare s in the booms . It was intended to be carried externally , under the wing of a B - 17 or B - 25 . Release was at about 175 mph ( 280 km / h ) and between 10 , 000 and 15 , 000 ft ( 3 , 000 – 4600 m ) altitude , giving a range of 17 mi ( 27 km ) , with an average flight time of four minutes . The Pacific War ended before it entered combat .
Attack Squadron 75 ( United States Navy ) Attack Squadron 75 ( VA - 75 or ATKRON 75 ) was an attack squadron of the United States Navy that was active from World War II through the 1990s . Nicknamed the " Sunday Punchers , " they were based out of Naval Air Station Oceana , Virginia . The squadron flew combat missions during World War II , the Korean and Vietnam War s and saw its last action during the Gulf War in 1991 . They were the first fleet squadron to get the A - 6 Intruder and the last unit to fly it in operational service . VA - 75 was deactivated as part of the post - Cold War drawdown of forces on February 28 , 1997 . History . The squadron was established as a Bombing Squadron EIGHTEEN ( VB - 18 ) on July 20 , 1943 . Redesignated Attack Squadron VA - 7A on 15 November 1946 . Redesignated Attack Squadron VA - 74 on 27 July 1948 . Redesignated Attack Squadron VA - 75 on 15 February 1950 . They were the second squadron to be assigned the VA - 75 designation . “ Between 7 September and 25 November 1944 , Bombing Squadron Eighteen ( VB - 18 ) , the “ Sunday Punchers ” of the Third Fleet , flew 526 sorties in support of landings on Palou and Leyte , in raids on Formosa and Nansei Shoto , and against Japanese Battleship and Carrier Task forces in the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea . During these actions Helldiver pilots of Bombing Eighteen sank or assisted in sinking a medium carrier , three minelayers , a destroyer escort and ten merchantmen ; probably sank or seriously damaged three battleships , another medium carrier , a light cruiser and thirty - four merchant chips . Enemy cargo ships and transports sunk or damaged totaled 171 , 060 tons . In aerial combat eleven enemy planes were shot down while 35 were destroyed on the ground and 38 damaged . Important ground targets destroyed or damaged by bombing and strafing included 27 hangars , 65 barracks , warehouse and factories , 5 anti - aircraft positions , 4 fuel and 2 ammunition dumps . From these operations 10 pilots and 13 aircrewmen are missing and one enlisted man was killed during an attack on the Squadron ’ s carrier . Two pilots and their aircrewmen , shot down over enemy territory , are known to be with friendly forces . One pilot and a ship ’ s photographer returned to base after nine days on a life raft . In a series of far - flung attacks which carried the “ Sunday Punchers ” from Peleliu to within 200 miles of the Japanese mainland , 961 , 200 pounds of bombs were dropped , 50 , 610 rounds of 20mm and 37 , 544 rounds of 30 calibre ammunition were fired . ”
First Tarnovo Uprising The First Tarnovo Uprising ( , " Parvo tarnovsko vastanie " ) was a Bulgarian uprising against the Ottoman rule based in the former Bulgarian capital , Tarnovo , that broke out in 1598 and was severely crushed by the Ottoman authorities . The uprising was organized by religious leaders , as well as public figures and merchants . These included the Archbishop of Tarnovo Dionysus Rali , the noble Theodore Ballina from Nikopol , as well as the local merchants from Ragusa Pavel Đorđić and the Sorkočević brothers , with the bishops Theophanes of Lovech , Jeremiah of Rousse , Spyridon of Shumen and Methodius of Thrace and other high - ranking religious figures also taking part in the organization . Đorđić established relations with the Habsburgs , the Transylvanian and Wallachia n rulers , and a plan for the uprising was created in Vienna in 1597 . The invasion of Wallachian forces under Michael the Brave in the northern Bulgarian lands in the autumn of 1598 provided good conditions for the uprising , as the fellow Christian army would support the insurrection according to the plan . At the time the Ottomans were engaged in the Long War with the Habsburg Monarchy . An alleged descendant of the medieval Shishman dynasty was proclaimed Tsar of Bulgaria ( as Shishman III ) and Tarnovo was briefly liberated , with about 12 , 000 people gathering . However , the Ottoman authorities reacted immediately and quickly recaptured the city using a regular army , brutally suppressing the uprising . It is unclear what the scale of the First Tarnovo Uprising was , but according to fragmentary information it may have include the regions of Ohrid , where the local archbishop was killed , as well as Sofia and Niš , where Austrian travellers mention seeing exposed dead bodies and severed human heads . As a consequence , about 16 , 000 Bulgarians fled centrally - governed Ottoman territory and crossed the Danube to settle in autonomous neighbouring Wallachia , where they established a Bulgarian community .