naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Joint Interoperability Test Command The Joint Interoperability Test Command ( JITC ) is a United States military organization that tests technology that pertains to multiple branches of the armed services and government . There is a facility in Fort Huachuca , Arizona and in Indian Head , Maryland . JITC ' s vision is to be an important test and evaluation organization that advances global net - centric testing in support of warfighting capabilities . JITC ' s mission is to provide a full range of rapid , standardized and customized test , evaluation , and certification services to support global net - centric warfighting capabilities under all conditions of peace and war . Various JITC Certifications . There are many testing , certification and accreditation programs at the JITC : 1 . Joint Interoperability Certification on DoD Programs of Record ( PoRs ) < br > 2 . Defense Switching Network Special Interoperability Certification < br > 3 . DoD IPv6 Product Certification < br > 4 . National Imagery Transmission Format Standard < br > 5 . Interoperability ( IO ) and Information Assurance ( IA ) certification . Once this has been passed the products are added to the The UC Approved Products List
Saurer M6 The Saurer M6 ( also called Saurer M6 M ) is a 6x6 truck model , which established the Adolph Saurer AG in 1940 . The payload of 2 . 5 tons . The Swiss Army ordered 338 Saurers in 1940 ; an additional 16 came with solid construction as radio trucks . Almost identical was the 8x8 model Saurer M8 M , inclusive the prototype 79 M8 trucks were built . Many components of the Saurer M6 also found use in the Saurer MH4 . A Saurer M6 radio car is now in the Flieger - Flab - Museum ( Air Force Museum ) at Dübendorf .
Ross Gunn Ross Gunn ( May 12 , 1897 — October 15 , 1966 ) was an American physicist , a key player in the USA nuclear submarine program , and a principal in the Manhattan Project . The New York Times described Gunn as " one of the true fathers of the nuclear submarine program " . For his contributions to the Manhattan Project Gunn received the Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award on September 4 , 1945 . The National Academies Press said that he " was one of the most versatile physicists of the early and mid - twentieth century " . Gunn was a member of the National Academy of Sciences . He also was a professor of physics at American University , the head of the Mechanics and Electricity Division , superintendent of the Aircraft Electrical Division , and technical director of the Army - Navy Precipitation Static Project , a technical adviser to the naval administration , director of the Weather Bureau ' s Physical Research Division . Gunn was key in development of liquid thermal diffusion methods for separating of uranium isotopes for the Manhattan project . He was also a fellow of the Institute of Radio Engineers . Gunn held 45 patents .
Leading Seaman Leading Seaman ( LS or L / S ) is a junior non - commissioned rank or rate in navies , particularly those of the Commonwealth . When it is used by NATO nations , leading seaman has the rank code of OR - 4 . It is often equivalent to the army and air force rank of corporal and some navies use corporal rather than leading seaman . The rank is used in the navies of Australia , Bangladesh , Canada , Ghana , India , the Irish Republic , Pakistan , South Africa , Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom . Australia . The badge in the Royal Australian Navy is the fouled anchor over the word " Australia " , worn on the shoulders , or the fouled anchor worn on the left sleeve , depending on what uniform is worn at the time . It is senior to Able Seaman but junior to Petty Officer . Leading Seaman or Leading Hand which it is also known as is the equivalent of Corporal in the Royal Australian Air Force and The Australian Army Canada . In the Canadian Navy , Leading Seaman ( LS ) is senior to the rank of Able Seaman , and junior to Master Seaman ( which is actually an appointment of Leading Seaman ) . Its Army and Air Force equivalent is Corporal and it is part of the cadre of junior non - commissioned officers , and one of was inherited from the Royal Navy . Leading Seamen are generally initially addressed as " Leading Seaman Bloggins " ( dependent on which ship ) , and thereafter as " Leading Seaman " . The same rank title is used for female members . Leading Seamen generally mess and billet with other Seamen and their Army and Air Force equivalents : Private s , Corporal s , and Master Corporal s . Their mess on naval bases or installations is generally named the " Junior Ranks Mess " . United Kingdom . The rate of Leading Seaman , Leading Hand or Leading Rating in the Royal Navy is senior to Able Seaman and junior to Petty Officer . It is approximately equivalent to Corporal in the other services , although used to be considered junior to that rank ( but always senior to Lance - Corporal ) . The badge is the fouled anchor ( an anchor with a length of rope twisted around it ) , worn on the upper arm in formal uniform and on the shoulder slides in working dress . Specialists use the " Leading " before their speciality ( e . g . Leading Writer , Leading Cook , Leading Regulator ) . A Leading Seaman is often jocularly referred to as a " killick " , a type of homemade anchor .
Battle of Chalk Bluff The Battle of Chalk Bluff was a land battle of the American Civil War that took place in Clay County , Arkansas , and Dunklin County , Missouri , on May 1 and May 2 , 1863 . Brig . Gen . William Vandever , commanding the 2nd Division of the Union Army of the Frontier , was repulsed in an attempt to prevent Confederate cavalry under Brig . Gen . John S . Marmaduke from crossing the St . Francis River . Though a tactical Confederate victory , Marmaduke suffered considerable casualties and his momentum had been checked , forcing him to abandon his second expedition into Missouri . Marmaduke departed his camps in Arkansas in the spring of 1863 with 5 , 000 cavalrymen , bound for southeastern Missouri . In sharp fighting at the Battle of Cape Girardeau , Marmaduke was defeated , and he began a withdrawal on April 27 towards Helena , Arkansas . His line of march was on a road on Crowley ' s Ridge , a long rise that offered protection for his flanks , as the surrounding terrain was mainly marshy . Union forces under Vandever had pursued Marmaduke through Missouri to Chalk Bluff , Arkansas , where Marmaduke planned to cross the St . Francis River , whose steep chalky white clay banks made fording the river difficult for cavalry . In an attempt to protect his men while they were crossing the river , Marmaduke set up a rear guard along the ridge that he hoped would protect his engineers and pioneers as they constructed a bridge strong enough to allow the passage of his entire division . He formed an initial defensive line at the hamlet of Four Mile , while posting his reserves in a second line a mile away at Gravel Hill , on the crest of the ridge above the river . They began digging entrenchments to forestall any Union attack . Fighting began on May 1 and continued into the next day . Vandever ' s men were unable to drive the Confederates from the heights . Although Marmaduke ' s rear guard sustained heavy casualties , it delayed the numerically superior Union forces long enough as to allow for the construction team to finish building the bridge and allow Marmaduke ’ s main force to cross the river . However , because of the heavy casualties that were suffered by the Confederates , Marmaduke was forced to end the expedition and return to his camp . While , in some respects , Marmaduke tactically won the Battle of Chalk Bluff , the Union forces claimed a strategic victory since he had abandoned his spring offensive . The battle is commemorated today in the small Chalk Bluff Battlefield Park , which preserves a portion of the field . The Chalk Bluff Hiking Trail traverses parts of the battlefield , with interpretive wayside markers and panels . A few minor skirmishes occurred there later in the war as both armies sent raiding parties to control the river crossing . The towns of Chalk Bluff , Four Mile and Gravel Hill are no longer extant .
Pedro Velarde y Santillán Pedro Velarde y Santillán ( October 25 , 1779 – May 2 , 1808 ) was a Spanish artillery captain famous for his heroic death in the " Dos de Mayo " uprisings against the French occupation of Madrid . He became a popular hero and martyr figure for Spain ' s subsequent War of Independence from the French Empire . Born to a Cantabrian family in Muriedas , Camargo , Velarde enrolled in the Artillery College ( " Colegio de Artillería " ) at the Alcázar de Segovia in 1793 . He graduated near the top of his class and was promoted to Sub - Lieutenant in 1799 . He fought in the War of the Oranges against Portugal in 1800 and was promoted to Lieutenant in 1801 . Velarde returned to the Artillery College after the war and worked as an instructor of mathematics and ballistics , in which he became something of an expert . In 1806 he was made a secretary of the Artillery Corps ' " Junta Superior Económica " and established himself in Madrid . When the mass uprisings broke out against the French occupiers on May 2 , 1808 , Velarde took up arms and rallied his men . Acting on orders from the local junta , Velarde led 37 soldiers to defend the Monteleón artillery barracks against the French . Velarde , along with his comrade Luís Daoíz de Torres and most of his soldiers , fell in the day ' s heavy fighting in which hundreds died . He was 28 years old . The name of one of the two lions standing at the Congreso de los Diputados is Velarde . The other lion ' s name is Daoiz . His body was recovered from the battlefield and carried off to a burial . Velarde ' s epic last stand , immortalized in artwork and monuments , assured him a central place in the pantheon of heroes from the national resistance to Napoleon that has since formed part of Spain ' s national myth ology .
Battle of Guiling The Battle of Guìlíng ( 桂陵之戰 ) was fought between the states of Qí and Wèi in the Warring States period of Chinese history . In 354 BC , an army from Wèi was laying siege to Handan , the capital of the State of Zhao . The next year , Zhao turned to Qi for help . Tian Ji and Sun Bin , acting as co - commanders of Qi , led an army to save Zhao . Sun Bin moves south intentionally to make an unsuccessful attack on Pingling , intending to convince Pang Juan that the Qi Army was too weak to achieve victory . Pang Juan , falling for the ruse , pooled more of his forces to besiege Handan . Although defeated , the Zhao Army fought desperately and suffered heavy losses to the Wei Army in the subsequent battle . After feigning defeat at Pingling , Sun Bin led his army directly to the Wei capital , Daliang . Wei scouts reported that the Qi Army had committed small groups to attack the city . Upon hearing the report , Wei general Pang Juan took his crack cavalry and left his infantry and supplies at Handan , making a mad dash in an attempt rescue Daliang . Pang Juan ' s troops were exhausted as they crossed the Yellow River and were ambushed and destroyed at Guiling by Sun ' s numerically superior army . Pang Juan managed to escape alone to Wei . This battle gives rise to a well - known proverb , " Besiege Wei to rescue Zhao " ( 圍魏救趙 ) , which is also included as one of the Thirty - Six Strategies .
Norman Kendal Sir Norman Kendal CBE ( 1880 – 8 March 1966 ) was an English barrister and police officer in the London Metropolitan Police . Kendal was born in Cheadle , Cheshire . He was educated at Rossall School and Oriel College , Oxford , where he studied Modern History , and was called to the bar by the Inner Temple in 1906 , practising on the Northern Circuit . In 1914 he was commissioned into the 5th Battalion , Cheshire Regiment . He was wounded at the Battle of the Somme in 1916 and in 1917 was attached to the Ministry of National Service as a staff officer . He was promoted Lieutenant in July 1917 . In October 1918 he resigned his commission on account of ill - health caused by his wounds . In November 1918 , Kendal was appointed Chief Constable ( CID ) in the Metropolitan Police , and the following year , on the creation of the rank , was promoted to Deputy Assistant Commissioner ( CID ) . In December 1928 , he was appointed Legal . In 1931 he was moved to be Assistant Commissioner " C " ( Crime ) , holding the post until his retirement on 1 March 1945 . He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in the 1927 Birthday Honours and knighted in 1937 .
War , Literature & the Arts War , Literature & the Arts is an American literary magazine that publishes stories , poems , essays , reviews , and visuals related to war and military affairs . It was founded in 1989 and is based at the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado . Other awards . Stories that have appeared in " WLA " have been short - listed for the Pushcart Prize and The Best American Short Stories ; creative nonfiction that has appeared in " WLA " has been short - listed for The Best American Essays .
7th Continental Regiment The 7th Continental Regiment , also known as Prescott ' s Regiment , was raised April 23 , 1775 as a Massachusetts militia regiment at Cambridge , Massachusetts under Colonel William Prescott . The regiment would join the Continental Army in June 1775 . The regiment saw action during the Siege of Boston and the New York Campaign . On January 1 , 1777 the regiment was disbanded and volunteers from the regiment joined the 2nd Massachusetts Regiment .
Anton Donnhauser Anton Donnhauser ( 8 April 1913 – 30 October 1984 ) was a highly decorated Major im Generalstab in the Wehrmacht during World War II and an Oberst in the Bundeswehr . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was also awarded the very rare Close Combat Clasp in Gold one of only 631 awards .
HESA Azarakhsh ( HESA ) Azarakhsh ( " Âzaraxš " , " lightning " ) is Iran ' s first domestically manufactured combat jet fighter . The Azarakhsh was developed in Isfahan by the Iranian army , Defense Ministry , and aircraft - manufacturing company HESA . Design and development . In April 1997 Iranian Brigadier General Arasteh , a deputy head of the General Staff of the Armed Forces declared that Iran had successfully designed , constructed , and tested its first fighter aircraft . By late 1997 Iran had begun mass producing the aircraft , but by mid - 2000 , four aircraft were said to be undergoing operational tests , with production proceeding at a rate of around ten aircraft per year . Iran has yet to release any additional information about the aircraft and its capabilities are unknown . On May 17 , 2000 , Iran ' s acting commander of the Air Force said that Azarakhsh had reached mass - production stage . On August 5 , 2007 , Azarakhsh conducted a successful test flight . On August 6 , 2007 , Ministry of Defense Mostafa Mohammad - Najjar said , " < nowiki > [ Azarakhsh ] < / nowiki > is now at the stage of industrial production and its mass production will start in the future . " Azarakhsh . Mass production started by late 1997 and as of 2001 there were six in inventory , with a production schedule established for 30 aircraft over the following three years . Saeqeh . The HESA Saeqeh is a follow on aircraft , derived from the Azarakhsh fighter . As with many previous indigenous Iranian developed weapons , no performance data has been released to verify official claims . An unknown number of this generation have built and said to have entered service with IRIAF September 22 , 2007 .
A - 22 Colleville - sur - Mer Colleville - sur - Mer is an abandoned World War II military airfield , which is located near the commune of Carentan in the Basse - Normandie region of northern France . Located just outside of La Fontaine , the United States Army Air Forces established a temporary airfield shortly after D - Day on 8 June 1944 , shortly after the Allied landings in France The airfield was one of the first established in the liberated area of Normandy , being constructed by the IX Engineering Command , 832d Engineer Aviation Battalion .
SM UC - 100 SM " UC - 100 " was a German Type UC III minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 14 April 1918 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 30 September 1918 as SM " UC - 100 " . As with the rest of the completed UC III boats , " UC - 100 " conducted no war patrols and sank no ships . She was surrendered to France on 22 November 1918 and was broken up in Cherbourg in July 1921 .
Rio Castle The Rio Castle ( or Καστέλι της Πάτρας ) is located at the north tip of the Rio peninsula in Achaea , Greece , at the entrance of the Corinthian Gulf . The Rio - Antirio Bridge is located next to it , and the local ferry docks lie on either side . Today it is used for cultural purposes , especially concerts and is a tourist attraction . The castle was built by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II in 1499 above the ruins of an ancient temple of Poseidon , within three months . Along with its twin , the Antirio Castle , they were intended to protect the entrance to the Corinthian Gulf , and were nicknamed the " Little Dardanelles " . The castle is located on the sea shore , with its northern side protected by the sea and the southern by a broad moat , filled with sea water , and two outer bastions ( ravelin s ) , linked to the main fort by stone bridges . It has two gates , the central one , facing landwards , and the sea gate . In 1533 , it was briefly captured by the Genoese under Andrea Doria , but the Ottomans recaptured it later in the year . In 1687 , during the Morean War , it was taken by the Venetians under Francesco Morosini . The Venetians rebuilt the castle , restoring and strengthening it by the addition of towers , giving it its final shape . The Venetians also added the small chapel of the Life - giving Spring ( " Zoodochos Pege " ) . The Ottomans retook it in 1715 , and remained until they surrendered it to French General Nicolas Joseph Maison . Between 1831 and 1912 , the castle was used as a military and then civilian prison , whose inmates were often used by the municipality of Patras for cleaning the streets of Rio .
Enterprise ( 1776 ) Enterprise ( 20 December 1776 – February 1777 ) , was the second American ship to bear the name . She was a successful privateer before she was purchased for the Continental Navy in 1776 . Commanded by Captain James Campbell , the schooner " Enterprise " operated principally in Chesapeake Bay . She convoyed transports , carried out reconnaissance , and guarded the shores against foraging raids by the British . Only meager records of her service have been found ; they indicate that she was apparently returned to the " Maryland Council of Safety " in 1777 . Only commissioned ships of the US Navy carry the USS ( United States Ship ) . The Navy also uses the prefix retroactively for ships that would have been commissioned under current practice . Since the first " USS Enterprise " was still in service , this " Enterprise " would not have been commissioned by the US Navy and does not use the USS prefix .
Edward Crouch Edward Crouch ( November 9 , 1764 – February 2 , 1827 ) was a member of the U . S . House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . He was born at Walnut Hill , near Highspire , Pennsylvania . At the age of seventeen , Crouch enlisted during the American Revolutionary War . He commanded a company in the Whisky Rebellion of 1794 . He was engaged in mercantile pursuits at Walnut Hill . He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1804 to 1806 . He was appointed associate judge of Dauphin County , Pennsylvania , on April 16 , 1813 , but resigned upon election to Congress . Crouch was elected as a Republican to the Thirteenth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Gloninger . He returned to Walnut Hill and resided there until his death in 1827 . Interment in Paxtang Cemetery near Harrisburg , Pennsylvania .
French frigate Libre ( 1796 ) The Libre was a " Romaine " - class frigate of the French Navy . She was built at Le Havre , and though launched in 1796 , was not placed into service until 1798 . Career . " Libre " was commissioned at Le Havre on 24 December 1800 under Commander Bourdet . She sailed from Le Havre in March 1801 in the company of " Indienne " towards Cherbourg , then Cadiz and La Corogne , before cruising to Saint - Domingue and into the North Sea . From September to December 1803 she was stationed at the mouth of the River Meuse . On 24 December 1805 , HMS " Egyptienne " and HMS " Loire " captured her six leagues north - west of Rochefort , near the " Phare de Baleines " ( Lighthouse of the Whales ) on the Île de Ré . " Libre " suffered two killed and 18 wounded , including her captain , Commander Deschorches . " Loire " had no casualties but " Egyptienne " had eight men wounded , one mortally . By British report , " Libre " was armed with twenty - four 18 - pounders ( which had replaced her originally - planned 24 - pounders ) , six 36 - pounder obusiers and ten 9 - pounder guns . " Libre " was badly damaged and had lost her masts so " Loire " took her in tow and reached Plymouth with her on 4 January 1806 . The British did not take " Libre " into Royal Navy service .
Hundertschaft Hundertschaft ( group of a hundred ) is a German term to denote a military or police group of around one hundred members . Historically the Germanic tribes created fighting groups of 100 men . This term is not used in the modern German military ( although it is roughly the size of a company , which is a bit larger ) . It is currently used by the " Bereitschaftspolizei " ( riot police ) of the " Landespolizei " ( state police ) and " German Federal Police " to designate company - sized police reserve units .
AIM - 82 The AIM - 82 was a missile planned by the United States of America but cancelled before any prototypes were built . Overview . In 1969 the US Air Force was developing the F - 15 Eagle fighter . Planned as the ultimate air superiority aircraft , the F - 15 was intended to be as perfect as possible in every respect . Rather than rely on the existing AIM - 9 Sidewinder , it was decided to develop an entirely new short - range air - to - air missile to equip the aircraft . The AIM - 82 was to be an all - aspect missile , capable of locking onto the target from any angle — Sidewinders of this period could only achieve a target lock if fired from almost directly behind the target where the heat of the engines provided a large infrared signature to the missile ' s seeker head . Infra red guidance would give the missile a fire - and - forget capability , allowing the firing aircraft to break contact as soon as it was launched . In 1970 a development contract was awarded to General Dynamics , Hughes Aircraft and Philco - Ford . Proposals were submitted later that year , but in that September the AIM - 82 was canceled . The main reason was the existence of the United States Navy AIM - 95 Agile program , which was developing a new short range air - to - air missile for the F - 14 Tomcat . Inter - service rivalry aside , there seemed little point in developing two missiles to perform essentially identical roles , so development on the AIM - 95 was authorized . Eventually the AIM - 95 was also canceled and the AIM - 9 was updated to remain in service — and indeed remains in service to this day . Specifications . The AIM - 82 was canceled at a stage where the basic design had not been selected ; as a result , no specifications exist for the proposed missile .