naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Werbicze The Battle of Werbicze ( or Werbka ) was fought during the Palej Uprising between the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth and the insurgent Cossacks in February 4 , 1703 . Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of Józef Potocki defeated the Cossacks forces which were supported by the Moldavian cavalry .
138th ( Edmonton , Alberta ) Battalion , CEF The 138th Battalion , CEF , was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Edmonton , Alberta , the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in that city . After sailing to England in August 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 47th , 50th , 137th , and 175th Battalions , CEF , on December 8 , 1916 . The 138th Battalion , CEF , had one officer commanding : Lieutenant - Colonel Robert Belcher . The perpetuation of the 138th Battalion was assigned to the Edmonton Fusiliers in 1929 . This regiment merged into the 19th ( Alberta ) Armoured Car Regiment , RCAC , in 1946 . The 19th in turn merged into the South Alberta Light Horse in 2006 , and the SALH now perpetuates the 138th Battalion .
SSh - 68 The SSh - 68 , Russian : СШ - 68 ( стальной шлем образца 1968 года / stalnoy shlyem , or steel helmet ) ( English : NL - 68 steel helmet model 1968 ) - is a steel helmet of the Soviet and then Russian Armed Forces . The SSh - 68 is further development of combined - arms helmet SSh - 60 . It differs primarily in its greater strength , greater front slope of the dome and the shorter outer edge . It is usually painted in dark green . The mass of the helmet - 1300 grams ( with leatherette balaclavas - 1500 grams ) . NL - 68 provides protection from impact shock ( machetes , etc . ) , and steel fragments weighing 1 . 0 grams at speeds up to 250 m / s . The SSh - 68 does not protect against bullets . The SSh - 68 was provided to the armed forces of the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies , and others . At the present time is in service in most countries of the CIS , as well as China , Vietnam , North Korea , Iran and other countries . Due to the advent of improved helmets , the SSh - 68 progressively withdrawn from service . In the Russian Armed Forces , they are gradually replaced by the newer Borit - M . Variations and modifications . SSh - 68M / СШ - 68М ( индекс ГРАУ — 6Б14 ) ( GRAU index - 6B14 ) - A modernization of SSh - 68 by installing an aramid , then called SVM ( Super High modulus Fibre ) , fiber liner inside the helmet , as well as the installation of modern harness belt and restraint systems . As a result , the mass of the helmet is increased to 1 . 9 kg . The helmet is designed GU NGO " Special equipment and communication , " the Russian Ministry of the Interior for the personnel of the Internal Troops . The SSH - 68M provides head protection for class 1 protection ( pistol bullets and revolver ) . SSh - 68N " blank " / Заготовка ( Grau index - 6B14 ) - Modernization of SSh - 68 by increasing the thickness of the aramid membrane inside the helmet , as well as the installation of modern belt and harness restraint systems . As a result , the mass of the helmet is increased to 2 kg . This Helmet is designed for the personnel of the Russian armed forces . The helmet protects the head of class 1 protection ( 9×18mm Makarov pistol and revolver bullets ) , as well as fragments of steel spherical mass of 1 . 1 g ( 6 . 3 mm diameter fragment ) up to 400 m . Sizing . SSh - 68 are available in three different sizes , P1 , P2 , and P3 . P1 ( small ) is good to about a 58 head , size 2 ( medium ) is between about 59 and 61 and size 3 ( Large to extra large ) is from 61 up . SSh - 68s are not sized as NATO helmets are since they are designed to be able to adjust for soldiers to wear an Ushanka or other heavy hat underneath it during the winter .
PS Alfred ( 1863 ) PS " Alfred was a passenger vessel operated under the name P . S . " Prince Arthur by the London and North Western Railway and the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway from 1871 to 1877 . History . Ordered by the Bristol General Steam Navigation Company , but before she was put into service she was purchased in May 1864 by George Campbell and Henry Collis , acting for the Virginia Importing and Exporting Company . She was renamed " Old Dominion " and used as a Blockade runner . She arrived at Wilmington , North Carolina on 28 June 1864 from Bermuda , sailed back on 15 July 1864 . A second voyage from Bermuda saw her arrive on 10 August 1864 again in Wilmington , North Carolina . She was used in the blockade running until February 1865 . She made six successful runs through the blockade . On her return to the UK , she was reregistered as P . S . " Sheffield " for the Liverpool and Dublin Steam Navigation Company . In 1867 she was bought by Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway and London and North - Western Railway and renamed P . S . " Prince Arthur " for their Fleetwood to Belfast and Londonderry service . She was sold by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway in 1877 to T . Seed in Liverpool .
Veci Veci is the nickname of the members on extended leave ( Italian : " in congedo " ) of the Alpini , a mountain infantry corps of the Italian Army , which distinguished itself in combat during World War I and World War II . " Veci " means " old ones " in the Venetian language ; the word has no offensive meaning and , instead , is an affectionate and very respectful way of calling elderly people in that zone of Italy . Thus the meaning of " veterans " among the Alpini . The Alpini have a very strong group identity , as they were recruited for over a hundred years locally from the people living in the valleys of the Italian Alps . This meant that every man from a village had served with all the other men - be it the younger or older - in his village in the same company of the same battalion of the same regiment and thus shared a common tradition . Therefore even as veterans every Alpino would keep on showing his belonging to the Alpini by becoming a member of the ANA ( Associazione Nazionale Alpini or National Alpini Association ) , which defines itself a quick reaction reserve corps to the active Alpini units . Because of this constant readiness of its members the ANA has been nicknamed 10th Alpini Regiment . Accordingly the Italian Army never had a 10th Alpini Regiment . The " Veci " refer to themselves as " Alpini in congedo " ( Alpini on leave ) to emphasize their readiness to return to serve if the need arises . The ANA is well organized and sections can be found in every town and village of Italy ( of course mainly in the northern regions ) , as well as in most countries of the world . Most sections have an Alpini choir , as the Alpini songs are a much loved Italian heritage .
HMS St Florentine ( 1759 ) St Florentine was a 60 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . She was captured by the Royal Navy on 4 April 1759 , and commissioned as the fourth rate HMS " St Florentine " . " St Florentine " was sunk as a breakwater in 1771 .
Götavirke Götavirke ( " Geatish Dyke " ) are the remains of two parallel defensive walls going from north to south between the villages of Västra Husby ( ) and Hylinge ( ) in Söderköping Municipality , Östergötland , Sweden . The walls cover the distance between the lakes Asplången ( ) and Lillsjön ( ) . North of Asplången there are remains of several ancient hill fort s that may have been part of the defensive line . South of Lake Lillsjön , the terrain is so hard to pass that it hardly needed any defenses . The walls seem to be constructed to protect the Geat ish heartland around today ' s Linköping from attacks from the Baltic Sea . Archaeological excavations have shown that the walls were constructed ca 800 . Defense constructions were also built along the 20 - kilometer narrow inlet Slätbaken that stretches from the Baltic Sea to Götavirke , and even pass it during the Viking Age when the water level was 1 . 5 meters higher . The measures that Geats had taken to protect the route have no match in the Viking Age Sweden . The wall supported a wooden pale and behind it are traces of a military road , which makes it similar to Danevirke protecting the contemporary town of Hedeby . No Viking Age towns are however known in the vicinity of Götavirke .
Royal Air Force Gliding & Soaring Association The Royal Air Force Gliding & Soaring Association is a British organisation which provides recreational flying in gliders to RAF personnel . Purpose . The Royal Air Force Gliding & Soaring Association ( RAFGSA ) is a voluntary organisation which exists to provide recreational flying to all RAF servicemen and women , in particular those normally employed in ground duties . The RAFGSA Centre is at RAF Halton , employing a full - time staff to provide central organisational , training and workshop facilities . The Joint Services Gliding Centre ( JSGC ) , located at the RAFGSA Chilterns Centre , RAF Halton , is part of the Joint Service Adventurous Training ( JSAT ) Air Sports organisation and provides training courses for military personnel . History . In 1945 , the British Air Forces of Occupation ( BAFO ) in Germany began using captured German gliders to provide recreational flying for RAF personnel . This resulted in a demand for similar facilities in the United Kingdom , and the Royal Air Force Gliding & Soaring Association was founded in 1949 . The first aircraft , a Slingsby T . 21 and a Prefect , were bought in March 1950 and stationed at RAF Detling . By 1952 27 gliders were being operated at seven clubs around the UK . In October 1963 the RAFGSA Centre was established at RAF Bicester , absorbing the Windrushers Gliding Club which had been formed there in January 1956 . In June 2004 the Centre moved to RAF Halton . Clubs . Apart from the RAFGSA Centre at RAF Halton , there are seven regional clubs run on a voluntary basis and based at or near RAF stations . Each offers initial training for novices as well as cross - country flying for more advanced pilots . Aircraft . Approximately 60 gliders were in use in 2010 , including the following types : Six Chipmunk and two Pawnee tugs were also in use . See also . Gliding < br > Gliding competitions < br > Gliders < br > Air Training Corps
McDonald Army Health Center Fort Eustis ' first hospital opened on March 26 , 1941 , and was commanded by Colonel William Borden . The War Department declared the hospital surplus property in August 1944 and transferred it to the Navy Department . The hospital was transferred back to the Army on February 1 , 1946 , and renamed U . S . Army Hospital , Fort Eustis on September 1 , 1948 . In March 1961 it was renamed for Brigadier General Robert McDonald . The current facility was built in 1964 , and saw the additions of an outpatient clinic in 1976 , orthopedic and women ' s health clinics in 1993 , administration building in 1998 , and business office in 1999 . The hospital today is a 30 - bed JCAHO - accredited facility , but does not provide inpatient or emergency care . Major services include adult and pediatric medical and surgical care and an urgent care clinic .
ECAN F17 The ECAN F17 Mod 2 torpedo is a French wire - guided torpedo with active / passive homing to a range of 20 km . It travels at a speed of 40 knots and carries a 250 kg warhead to an official depth of 600 meters . It is also used by Pakistan and Spain .
HMS Renown ( 1774 ) HMS " Renown " was a small two - decker 50 - gun fourth - rate ship of the Royal Navy . She belonged to the " Portland " class , designed in 1766 by John Williams , the Surveyor of the Navy , and was built under contract by Robert Fabian at Southampton . " Renown " was first commissioned in July 1775 under Captain Francis Banks . After completion at Portsmouth Dockyard , she sailed on 30 September for North America . Banks died on 18 June 1777 , and command passed to Lieutenant George Dawson , posted captain in September 1777 . She took part in Admiral Richard Howe ' s notable action against the French fleet under the Comte d ' Estaing on 11 August 1778 . Two days subsequent to this , she attacked the 90 - gun " Languedoc " , which had been dismasted the day before in a storm , and raked her . She returned to England in November 1780 and underwent a refit and replacement of her coppering until February 1781 , before recommissioning under Captain John Henry and returning to the North American station . The " Renown " took part in Kempenfelt ' s Action on 12 December 1781 . She finally returned home and paid off out of commission in August 1784 . She was fitted as a lazarette at Chatham Dockyard in March 1794 , but was eventually broken up at Sheerness in December 1794 .
Ypres Salient The Ypres Salient is the area around Ypres in Belgium which was the scene of some of the biggest battles in World War I . In military terms , a salient is a battlefield feature that projects into enemy territory . Therefore , the salient is surrounded by the enemy on three sides , making the troops occupying the salient vulnerable . . The Ypres salient was formed by British , French , Canadian and Belgian defensive efforts against German incursion during the 1914 " Race to the Sea " , culminating in the Battle of the Yser and the First Battle of Ypres . These battles saved the Ypres salient and the corner of Belgium around Veurne from occupation , but also led to the beginning of trench warfare in the salient as both sides " dug in " around the line . The area of the salient is mostly flat , with few rises or hills . Those that did exist became the focus for the 1915 Second Battle of Ypres , which saw the first use of gas and the almost total destruction and evacuation of Ypres , and the 1917 Third Battle of Ypres at Passchendaele . After the third battle , the Ypres salient was left relatively quiet until the Fourth Battle of Ypres , the Battle of the Lys , when the Spring Offensive threatened to overwhelm the entire area . This offensive was stopped at the point the Allies were closest to being forced to abandon the salient . By August 1918 , the Fifth Battle of Ypres ( part of the Hundred Days Offensive ) pushed the German forces out of the salient entirely and they did not return .
USS Glide ( 1863 ) The second USS " Glide " was a sternwheel tinclad gunboat in the United States Navy during the American Civil War . Originally built in Murraysville , Virginia in 1863 , was purchased by the Navy the same year . She was converted to a " tinclad " gunboat No . 43 USS " Glide " . From early 1864 until the end of the war she was assigned to blockading duties in Berwick Bay , Louisiana . She was decommissioned and sold in August 1865 , then she served in commercial service as " Glide " . She was destroyed by a boiler explosion in January 1869 .
Tajaddin Mehdiyev Tajaddin Mehdiyev ( ) was the Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan and is the Chairman of Committee for Protection of Rights of Officers in Azerbaijan . Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan . Mehdiyev was appointed Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan in December 1991 , during the Nagorno - Karabakh conflict , replacing General Valeh Barshadly . In an interview with British journalist Thomas de Waal , Mehdiyev said : While in office , he personally led an unsuccessful operation in Dashalty where many Azeri soldiers were ambushed and killed . Additionally , within the 2 months of his term in office , several villages of strategic importance , Karkijahan , Malibeyli and Gushchular , and Garadaghly and were lost to Armenian forces . On February 17 , 1992 with the fall of Garadaghly village of Khojavend Rayon where more than 70 Azerbaijani civilians died and shortly before the fall of Khojaly , Mehdiyev was officially removed from the post of Minister of Defense . The ministry was then headed briefly by Chief of Staff , Shahin Musayev before Tahir Aliyev took over . Later years . In 2005 , Mehdiyev ran for Azerbaijani parliament from the election district No . 99 of Shamkir Rayon of Azerbaijan but did not get elected . Mehdiyev has been a proponent of big reforms in the way post - career officers are treated while he was the Chairman of Committee for Protection of Rights of Officers . He lobbied changes in salary , health insurance , provision of jobs to members of officers ' families due to their relocations and social protection . He was also one of supporters for establishment of Ministry of Defence Industry of Azerbaijan and starting domestic military production . In the last few years , Tajeddin Mehdiyev worked at the Ministry of Defense but was laid off along with other 30 high - ranking officers in 2009 due to ongoing reforms in the ministry .
Hudson Van Etten Hudson Van Etten ( May 17 , 1874 – October 27 , 1941 ) was a seaman serving in the United States Navy during the Spanish – American War who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Van Etten was born May 17 , 1874 in Port Jervis , New York and after entering the navy was sent to fight in the Spanish – American War aboard the U . S . S . Nashville as a seaman . He died October 27 , 1941 and is buried in Prospect Hill Cemetery Greenland , New Hampshire . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Seaman , U . S . Navy . Born : 17 May 1874 , Port Jervis , N . J . Accredited to : New Jersey . G . O . No . : 521 , 7 July 1899 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Nashville during the operation of cutting the cable leading from Cienfuegos , Cuba , 11 May 1898 . Facing the heavy fire of the enemy , Van Etten displayed extraordinary bravery and coolness throughout this period .
Hermann - Heinrich Behrend Hermann - Heinrich Behrend ( 25 August 1898 – 19 June 1987 ) was a German Generalmajor , serving during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves and Swords was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Career . Behrend was born on 25 August 1898 in Perleberg in the Province of Brandenburg , a province of the Kingdom of Prussia . Aged seventeen , he joined the German Army on 1 June 1915 with the " Großherzoglich Mecklenburgisches Füsilier - Regiment Nr . 90 Kaiser Wilhelm " ( Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg - Schwerin Fusilier Regiment Nr . 90 Emperor Wilhlem ) . Where he was assigned to the 4th Company on 15 June 1915 then transferred to the 3rd Company on 20 July 1915 and again moved on 8 August 1915 , this time to the 7th Company . With this unit he was sent to the Eastern Front of World War I where he arrived on 9 August 1915 . Behrend fell ill and from 1 October 1915 to 6 October 1915 was sent to the " Vereinslazarett " II ( 2nd hospital ) of the Red Cross in Landsberg an der Warthe , present - day Gorzów Wielkopolski , Poland . Following his sick leave , Behrend was transferred to the 5th Company of the Reserve Infantry Regiment 90 on 7 October 1915 , and from 13 October to 4 November 1915 to the 3rd Company of the same regiment . He was transferred to the 1st Infantry Division on 5 November 1915 . Here he was posted to 11th Company of Infantry Regiment 43 on 14 November 1915 . While serving with this unit he was promoted to " Gefreiter " ( enlisted soldier ) on 4 January 1916 , to " Fahnenjunker " ( cadet ) on 29 February 1916 and to " Unteroffizier " ( corporal ) on 29 March 1916 . He was promoted to " Fähnrich " ( ensign ) in 1917 for his bravery pefore the enemy and to " Leutnant " ( second lieutenant ) the same year .
Battle of Yangi Hissar The Battle of Yangi Hissar was a confrontation that took place during the Xinjiang Wars . In April 1934 Gen . Ma Zhancang led the 36th Division in an attack on Uighur forces at Yangi Hissar , wiping out the entire Uighur force of 500 and killing their leader , Emir Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra . It was reported by Ahmad Kamal in his book " Land Without Laughter " on page 130 - 131 , that Nur Ahmad Jan was beheaded by the Chinese Muslim troops and the head was used in a football game at the parade ground .
Military Police ( Estonia ) " Sõjaväepolitsei " are the Military Police of the Estonian Defence Forces ( http : / / www . mil . ee ) . The Estonian MP organization was created in 1994 and is today divided into tactical ( patrol ) and investigative units . Additionally conscript based reserve - MP platoon s are trained in Guard Battalion every year . MP tasks include : investigation of serious disciplinary cases and some armed service - related crimes , supervision of military discipline within the Forces , military traffic control and various security tasks . Within conflict / crises areas ( Afghanistan ) the MP may provide close protection of the Estonian national representative and other visiting VIP s . When on regular patrol assignment , Estonian MPs wear a black brassard on their right shoulder , with the letters " SP " in silver , and are usually equipped with an HK USP 9 mm pistol , spare magazines , radio , handcuffs , pepper spray and an expandable police baton .
USS Flusser ( 1864 ) USS " Flusser " ( 1864 ) was a schooner captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy as a storeship whose duty was to supply other Union Navy ships with coal , ammunition , and other necessary provisions . Captured Confederate schooner used as Union Navy storeship . " Flusser " — a schooner captured from the Confederates in 1864 but never libeled as a prize — was used as a coal hulk and to carry ordnance and stores to ships in the North Carolina sounds . " Flusser " was sold at Washington , D . C . on 23 September 1865 .
Michael Owens ( Medal of Honor ) Michael Owens ( February 6 , 1853 – December 8 , 1890 ) was a United States Marine who received the Medal of Honor for actions during the Korean Expedition of 1871 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Private , U . S . Marine Corps . Born : February 6 , 1853 , New York , N . Y . Accredited to : New York . G . O . No . : 169 , February 8 , 1872 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Colorado during the capture of Korean forts , 11 June 1871 . Fighting courageously in hand - tohand combat , Owens was badly wounded by the enemy during this action .
USS Bienville USS " Bienville " ( 1861 ) was a ( Burden ) wooden side - wheel steamship acquired by the Union Navy during the beginning of the American Civil War . She was outfitted with heavy guns and assigned to the Union blockade of the waterways of the Confederate States of America . Built in Brooklyn , New York . " Bienville " built at Brooklyn , New York in 1860 , was purchased by the Union Navy in August 1861 as part of the great expansion that took place in the first months of the American Civil War . Civil War operations . Assigned to the South Atlantic blockade . She was commissioned in October 1861 and soon participated in the expedition that seized future Naval bases at Port Royal and Beaufort , South Carolina . " Bienville " operated off the Confederacy ' s Atlantic coast for more than a year , taking part in the capture of positions along the Georgia and Florida shore as well as ending the careers of several blockade runner s , among them the steamers " Stettin " ( later ) ( taken on 24 May 1862 ) and " Patras " ( 27 May 1862 ) . Gulf of Mexico operations . In 1863 , " Bienville " was transferred to the Gulf of Mexico , where she continued her blockading work . In addition , she supported the capture of the entrances to Mobile Bay , Alabama on 5 August 1864 . In an operation typical of the era ' s coastal warfare , she sent a boat party into Galveston Bay , Texas on the night of 7 February 1865 and seized two schooner s loaded with cotton . Decommissioning and civilian career . " Bienville " was decommissioned soon after the end of the Civil War . Following some two years in reserve , she was sold in October 1867 . Operating under the same name as a commercial steamship , she lasted until 15 August 1872 , when a fire destroyed her at Watling Island , Bahamas .