naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Podington Castle Podington Castle , sometimes known as Puddington Manor Farm , was an 11th - century castle in the civil parish of Podington , in the county of Bedfordshire , England . It was a Motte and triple bailey castle , surrounded by a moat , mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as being owned by Hugh the Fleming . The castle was in ruins prior to the early part of the 17th century , when a new Podington Manor , now referred to as " Old Podington Manor " , had been built just forward of its location . The new Podington manor became a farmhouse in 1694 , when the owners moved their residence elsewhere . The extensive earthworks remains of the castle can still be located , on the mound , in the field at the back of Old Podington Manor . Building foundations were still visible as of 1972 .
Praga E - 39 Praga E - 39 / BH - 39 was a Czechoslovakia n trainer aircraft . History . This aircraft was designed by Pavel Beneš and Miroslav Hajn , engineers at the Czech aviation company ČKD - Praga in 1931 . It flew for the first time in June of that year . The biplane , standard configuration for that era , was an immediate success and orders were placed by the Czech Air Force that used them as elementary training aircraft at its flight schools throughout the 1930s . Pre - World War II production of the machine was 139 units . Following the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939 , the eastern area of that country was divided politically into the separate state of Slovakia . Under a puppet German government it became a German ally and its small air force was placed under Luftwaffe control . Ten of the Praga E - 39s were given to the Slovakian Air Force who initially used them as trainers but during the German invasion of the Soviet Union , transferred several of them to the Soviet front where they were employed by the Slovaks as reconnaissance platforms in support of German ground forces . Other E - 39s were used by the Luftwaffe in their flight training schools as elementary trainers and still others were given to the Hungarian Air Force for use in that same role .
CGS Margaret CGS " Margaret " was a Canadian Government Ship , and was the first vessel to be built specifically for the Customs Preventive Service . Delivered in 1914 , she was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy and served as HMCS " Margaret " during World War I . Following the war , " Margaret " was returned to the Customs Preventive Service , and was transferred to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 1932 . Sold shortly thereafter , she was subsequently acquired by the Brazilian Navy and renamed " Rio Branco " . Origins and Military service . Originally intended as a customs cruiser , the CGS " Margaret " was built at Thornycroft ' s Woolston Works and delivered to the Department of Customs at Halifax in April 1914 . With her two six - pounders , she was suitable for a patrol vessel , and given her similarities to a 1907 coastal defence cruiser that was never built , " Margaret " may in fact have been ordered in anticipation of war with Germany . The CGS " Margaret " became HMCS " Margaret " when she was transferred , together with CGS " Canada " , to the Royal Canadian Navy on 4 August 1914 following the outbreak of World War I . Commissioned in 1915 , " Margaret " was used as an escort and patrol vessel in Atlantic coastal waters during the war , and was one of the first vessels in which Rear Admiral Leonard W . Murray served at the start of his distinguished military career . " Margaret " was at Dockyard Jetty 2 in Halifax Harbour during the Halifax Explosion . She broke her moorings and suffered minor damage , while two of her crew were killed ashore . During the war , Morse ' s Tea and Coffee Company produced a series of 50 cards of ships ; no . 35 was HMCS " Margaret " . Customs service . Following the end of the war , HMCS " Margaret " was returned to the Customs Preventive Service ( CPS ) , and carried out her first patrols in the Gulf of St . Lawrence and on the East Coast in the spring of 1919 . Converted from coal to oil burning in 1925 , her armament was also reduced in 1927 to one six - pounder and seventeen rifles . During these years , much of her work consisted of customs patrols against rum running . In 1932 , the CPS was absorbed by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP ) , and the service ' s personnel and ships were transferred to the RCMP ' s Marine Section . Brazilian service . Following the transfer of the CPS ' s responsibilities to the RCMP in 1932 , the number of personnel was reduced and some former CPS vessels were discarded . " Margaret " was among the CPS vessels sold later that year as a result of these cutbacks , and was acquired by the Brazilian state of São Paulo , which named her " Ruth " , during the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932 . Confiscated by the Brazilian government , she was renamed " Rio Branco " and was converted to a hydrographic survey ship for the Brazilian Navy in 1934 . After serving as a coastal escort vessel in World War II , the " Rio Branco " returned to hydrographic work and was discarded in 1957 or 1958 .
Constantine Angelos Doukas Constantine Angelos Doukas , Latinized as Constantine Angelus Ducas ( ) , was a usurper who attempted to overthrow Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelos in 1193 . Career . Constantine Angelos Doukas was the cousin of emperor Isaac II Angelos , and he was entrusted by the emperor with the Bulgarian War against the Vlach ( 1185 – 1197 ) during its later stages . Although he was still a young man and quite impetuous , he quickly turned around a situation that had been growing steadily worse for the empire . Training his troops to obey him without question , his native aggression saw the Vlach insurgents fear his approaches . His exuberance was at first kept in check by his military advisors , but a string of successes over Peter IV of Bulgaria went to his head and he declared himself emperor over their objections . He marched towards Adrianople but was imprisoned by his former comrades - in - arms who handed Constantine over to Isaac . Isaac II blinded him , and Constantine ' s absence saw the Second Bulgarian Empire once again gain the upper hand in the war against the Byzantine Empire .
Guards Division ( United Kingdom ) The British Guards Division was formed in France in 1915 from battalions of the elite Guards regiment s from the Regular Army . The division served on the Western Front for the duration of the First World War . The division ' s insignia was the " All Seeing Eye " . There was also a Guards Division in the Second World War which was formed on 12 June 1945 from the Guards Armoured Division which had undergone reorganisation . Order of Battle . The division comprised the following infantry brigade s : Each brigade had an attached machine gun company ; these were eventually regimented into the 4th Battalion , Machine Gun Guards . The 4th Battalion Coldstream Guards acted as the Division ' s pioneer battalion .
Computer Service Directorate The Israeli Computer Services Directorate ( " Agaf HaTikshuv " , often abbreviated to Atak ) is the Israel Defense Forces body which charts the communication , wireless transmission , computerization , command and control over and defense of information in the IDF . The Directorate was created on March 3 , 2003 , on the basis of some functions previously held by the C4I Corps . The directorate is headed by Aluf Uzi Moscovitch . Units . The Computer Services Directorate comprises three main brigade - level units : the C4I Corps , the Operating Brigade ( , " Hativat HaHaf ' ala " ) , which deals with operational communications and electronic warfare , and Lotem ( , an abbreviation for Unit for Telecommunications and Information Technology ) . Lotem lists the following units :
USS Providence ( 1776 frigate ) The second Providence , a 28 - gun frigate , built by Silvester Bowes at Providence , Rhode Island , by order of the Continental Congress , was launched in May 1776 . After being blockaded in the Providence River for more than a year , the new frigate , under command of Captain Abraham Whipple , ran the British blockade on the night of 30 April 1778 , returning the heavy fire of the British frigate and damaging that vessel , then fighting a running battle with another vessel of the British blockading force . She sailed directly for France , arriving at Paimboeuf 30 May to procure guns and supplies for Continental Navy vessels under construction . She sailed from Paimboeuf 8 August and six days later , joined frigate at Brest , France . The two ships sailed back to America 22 August . They took 3 prizes on the return voyage and Providence arrived Portsmouth , New Hampshire , 15 October . Transferred to Boston to seek a crew , " Providence " sailed from Boston 18 June 1779 as flagship of Commodore Abraham Whipple , cruising eastward in company with and . In the early morning of mid - July , the squadron was in a dense fog off the banks of Newfoundland and fell in with a Jamaican fleet of some 150 sails . The vessels remained with the enemy fleet all day without causing alarm . They took 11 prizes , many by quietly sending boats to take possession . The squadron slipped away with their prizes during the night . They sent 8 of the prizes , valued together with their cargo at over a million dollars , into Boston and Cape Ann . The Squadron returned to Boston and 23 November sailed from Nantasket Roads , first cruising eastward of Bermuda , arriving at Charleston , South Carolina 23 December to defend that city . " Providence " , with other ships of Commodore Whipple ' s Squadron remained for the defense of Charleston and was one of the ships taken by British when that city fell , 12 May 1780 . She subsequently served in the British Navy until sold in March 1783 .
Robert de Clifford , 1st Baron de Clifford Robert de Clifford , 1st Baron de Clifford , also 1st Lord of Skipton ( c . 1274 – 1314 ) , was an English soldier who became first Lord Warden of the Marches , defending the English border with Scotland . He was born in Clifford Castle , Herefordshire , and was married there in 1295 to Maud de Clare , eldest daughter of Thomas de Clare , Lord of Thomond and Juliana FitzGerald . Robert de Clifford and Maud de Clare had three children . A son of Roger de Clifford the younger ( d . 1282 ) and his wife Isabella de Vieuxpont , he inherited the estates of his grandfather , Roger de Clifford the elder , in 1286 . He then obtained through his mother ( d . 1291 ) part of the extensive land of the Vipont s . He was summoned to parliament as a baron in 1299 . In 1308 he acquired on the death of his mother ' s sister Idonea the remainder of the Vipont lands and thus became one of the most powerful barons of his age . During the reigns of Edward I and Edward II , Clifford was a prominent soldier from an early age . In 1296 he was sent with Henry Percy to quell the Scots who asked for terms at Irvine . He was appointed governor of Carlisle . During the reign of the first king , he was styled " Warden of the Marches " and then , during the reign of the second , " Lord Warden of the Marches " , being the first holder of this office . In 1298 he fought with Edward I at the Battle of Falkirk in which William Wallace was defeated , for which he was rewarded with Governorship of Nottingham Castle . He won great renown at the siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300 . After the death of Edward I in 1307 and along with the Earls of Lincoln , Warwick and Pembroke he was appointed counsellor to Edward II . In the same year the new king appointed him as Marshal of England , and in this capacity he probably organised Edward ' s coronation on 25 February 1308 . On 12 March he was relieved on the marshalcy , Nottingham Castle and his forest justiceship , but on 20 August he was appointed captain and chief guardian of Scotland . In 1310 Edward also granted him Skipton Castle and the Honour of Skipton in Craven . He took part in 1312 with the Earl of Lancaster in the movement against Edward ' s favourite , Piers Gaveston , besieging him at Scarborough Castle . Clifford was killed on 24 June 1314 fighting at the Battle of Bannockburn . and was buried at Shap Abbey in Westmoreland . His son Roger succeeded him as the 2nd Baron de Clifford . Daughter Idonia married Henry de Percy , 2nd Baron Percy , 9th Baron Percy and 2nd Baron Percy of Alnwick .
James T . Bates James T . Bates ( 29 September 1844 – 24 December 1914 , age 70 ) was an American businessman who founded the daily newspaper Tribune de Genève on 1 February 1879 . The son of Joseph C . Bates , a shipowner , James Bates was born in Boston , Massachusetts . He enlisted at age 17 in the Union army , attaining the rank of Lieutenant Colonel at age 21 . He became a stockbroker in New York City . In 1873 , he married Amélie , the daughter of Arthur Chenevière . After making a fortune in the States , he settled in 1875 in Geneva , Switzerland , the hometown of his wife . Soon after moving , in 1876 , he acquired the newspaper " The Continental Herald and Swiss Times " which shortly after became the daily Tribune de Genève on 1 February 1879 . He later married Henriette Baron , the widow of Léonce Pictet . Since 1878 , he was one of the more active members of the Emmanuel Church , the American church of Geneva . In 1887 , he founded the " Union Bank " , which got absorbed into the Union Bank of Switzerland ( later to become UBS AG ) in 1919 . Bates died in Geneva on 24 December 1914 .
7th Indian Cavalry Brigade The 7th ( Meerut ) Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Indian Army formed in 1903 , following the reforms of the Indian Army by the then Commander - in - Chief , India General Herbert Kitchener . The brigade was originally the cavalry formation of the 7th ( Meerut ) Division , but in 1914 it was sent to the Western Front in France as part of the 2nd Indian Cavalry Division , arriving in November 1914 . In June 1916 it was reformed and transferred to Mesopotamia where it served as an independent brigade in the Mesopotamian Campaign . In 1918 it fought at the Battle of Sharqat and was present at the occupation of Mosul at the end of the campaign , shortly after the armistice . Formation in 1918 :
Władysław Toruń Lt . Col . Władysław Toruń ( 1889 - August 9 , 1924 ) was a Polish aviator and military pilot , one of the pioneers of the Polish aviation . Initially a military pilot in Austria - Hungary during the Great War , he was among the first pilots to join the Polish Air Force . He took part in the Battle of Lwów ( 1918 ) and the Battle of Lwów ( 1920 ) . As a professional engineer , in 1922 - 1923 he was chief of Central Aircraft Workshops ( " Centralne Warsztaty Lotnicze " - CWL ) in Warsaw . He died in an air crash in 1924 .
Spanish Netherlands The Spanish Netherlands ( , ) was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from 1556 to 1714 , inherited from the Dukes of Burgundy . Although the territory of the Duchy of Burgundy itself remained in the hands of France , the Habsburgs remained in control of the title of Duke of Burgundy and the other parts of the Burgundian inheritance , notably the Low Countries and the Free County of Burgundy in the Holy Roman Empire . They often used the term Burgundy to refer to it ( e . g . in the name of the Imperial Circle it was grouped into ) , until 1794 , when the Austrian Netherlands were lost to the French Republic . When part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule and became the United Provinces in 1581 the remainder of the area became known as the Spanish Netherlands and remained under Spanish control . This region comprised modern Belgium , Luxembourg as well as part of northern France . Provinces . The Spanish Netherlands originally consisted of : The capital , Brussels , was in Brabant . In the early 17th century , there was a flourishing court at Brussels , which was under the government of King Philip III ' s half - sister Archduchess Isabella and her husband , Archduke Albert of Austria . Among the artists who emerged from the court of the " Archdukes " , as they were known , was Peter Paul Rubens . Under the Archdukes , the Spanish Netherlands actually had formal independence from Spain , but always remained unofficially within the Spanish sphere of influence , and with Albert ' s death in 1621 they returned to formal Spanish control , although the childless Isabella remained on as Governor until her death in 1633 . The failing wars intended to regain the ' heretical ' northern Netherlands meant significant loss of ( still mainly Catholic ) territories in the north , which was consolidated in 1648 in the Peace of Westphalia , and given the peculiar , inferior status of " Generality Lands " ( jointly ruled by the United Republic , not admitted as member provinces ) : Zeeuws - Vlaanderen ( south of the river Scheldt ) , the present Dutch province of Noord - Brabant and Maastricht ( in the present Dutch province of Limburg ) . As Spanish power waned in the latter decades of the 17th century , the territory of the Spanish Netherlands was repeatedly invaded by the French and an increasing portion of the territory came under French control in successive wars . By the Treaty of the Pyrenees of 1659 the French annexed Artois and Cambrai , and Dunkirk was ceded to the English . By the Treaties of Aix - la - Chapelle ( ending the War of Devolution in 1668 ) and Nijmegen ( ending the Franco - Dutch War in 1678 ) , further territory up to the current Franco - Belgian border was ceded , including Lilloise Flanders ( around the city of Lille ) , as well as half of the county of Hainaut ( including Valenciennes ) . Later , in the War of the Reunions and the Nine Years ' War , France annexed other parts of the region .
Storekeeper of the Ordnance The Principal Storekeeper of the Ordnance was a subordinate of the Master - General of the Ordnance and a member of the English ( and later British ) Board of Ordnance from its constitution in 1597 . He was responsible for the care and maintenance of ordnance stores . The office was abolished in 1855 .
Contubernium The contubernium was the smallest organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army and was composed of eight legionaries , the equivalent of a modern squad . The men within the contubernium were known as " contubernales " . Ten contubernia were grouped into a centuria . Soldiers of a contubernium shared a tent , and could be rewarded or punished together as a unit . It was led by a " Decanus " , the equivalent of a junior non - commissioned officer . They were appointed from within the contubernium and were most likely the longest serving legionary . Their duties would include organising the erection of the marching tent and keeping discipline . Two auxiliary " servants " , comparable to modern support troops , were assigned to each contubernium . They were responsible for the care of the contubernium ' s pack mule , making sure the legionaries had water during the march , and often had special skills like blacksmithing or carpentry .
Fort Severn Fort Severn , in present - day Annapolis , Maryland , was built in 1808 on the same site as an earlier American Revolutionary War fort of 1776 . Although intended to guard Annapolis harbor from British attack , it never saw action during the War of 1812 . United States Naval Academy acquired Fort Severn and two other military bases . The Naval Academy acquired Fort Severn from United States Army on 19 October 1845 . The Academy used the structure for classrooms until its demolition in 1909 . History . American Revolution . Walter Dulany family acquired land on the Severn River near Annapolis , Maryland , in 1753 . This family and the city of Annapolis contributed land for the construction of the fort . An American Revolutionary War fort of 1776 existed in the area . Fort Severn : 1808 - 1845 . The War Department constructed Fort Severn in 1808 on a 10 - acre lot in Annapolis , Maryland . At a time of worsening tensions between the United States and Great Britain and an embargo against trade , the War Department built Fort Severn as a defense for Annapolis . Located on Windmill Point , Fort Severn offered protection to harbor of Annapolis , which would have been a key target of the British forces . Although constructed as a more substantial fort than the original , this second Fort Severn never saw military action . Americans suspected that the British Army might attack the area during the War of 1812 , but no conflict occurred at the fort during the war . Soldiers continued to garrison Fort Severn after the war . The post surgeon took meteorological observations during 1822 . Fort Severn occupied 10 acres and several antiquated wooden buildings by 1845 . In 1845 , Secretary of War William L . Marcy agreed to transfer Fort Severn to the jurisdiction of Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft , effective 19 October 1845 . In so doing , Secretary Bancroft overcame ongoing congressional opposition to an onshore naval school . Naval Academy use . The Navy turned Fort Severn into a classroom building at United States Naval Academy for young naval recruits and midshipmen . The Naval Academy started in October 1845 with 56 midshipmen and seven professors . The leaders developed a new curriculum requiring midshipmen to study at the Academy for four years ( equivalent to classical college education ) and to train aboard ships each summer . That format forms the basis of the far more advanced and sophisticated curriculum at the Naval Academy today . The curriculum in the nineteenth century included mathematics and navigation , gunnery and steam , chemistry , English , natural philosophy , and French . Demolition . Due to deteriorating structure , the Naval Academy demolished the old Fort Severn edifices in 1909 . United States Naval Academy expanded in personnel and aereal extent . Modern granite buildings replaced the old wooden structures of Fort Severn . On 28 March 1977 , the local chapter of Daughters of the American Revolution placed a plaque in remembrance of the original fort at its former site .
Chinese firefighting tank Chinese firefighting tank is a fire fighting vehicle developed in China using a Type 69 / 79 tank chassis and used to fight hazardous fires and riot control . The tank is built by Inner Mongolia Century Fire Fighting Technology Corporation and the Inner Mongolia No . 1 Machinery Group and first appeared in 2001 and lately at a fireworks fire in Guangdong Province in 2008 . The tank is armoured and fire protected with an external water tank in the rear . The tank has an electronically controlled gun with water and two foam retardant guns .
Tromp - class cruiser The Tromp " - class was a class of light cruiser s of the Royal Netherlands Navy . The hull shape was also known as the Argonaut 600 " . Originally the ships could not be called " cruiser " for political reasons . They were designed as " flotilla leader s " and their intended role was to be the backbone of a squadron of modern destroyer s that was planned at the same time ( only one of those was completed before the war broke out ) . The ships were ordered in 1935 ; was launched in 1937 , and her sister ship in 1939 . At the outbreak of World War II , " Tromp " was sent to the Dutch East Indies . " Jacob van Heemskerk " was still being completed in the naval shipyard in Den Helder when the German attack started on 10 May 1940 , but she succeeded in escaping to the United Kingdom , where she was completed with a completely different armament set , as an anti - aircraft cruiser . Both ships served in the Far East and survived the war , " Tromp " to be decommissioned in 1955 and sold for scrap in 1969 and " Jacob van Heemskerk " to become an artillery instruction ship in 1947 , decommissioned in 1969 and sold for scrap in 1970 .