naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John William Sayer John William Sayer ( 12 April 1879 – 18 April 1918 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was 38 years old , and a Lance Corporal in the 8th Battalion , The Queen ' s ( Royal West Surrey Regiment ) , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 21 March 1918 at Le Verguier , France , Lance Corporal Sayer held the flank of a small isolated post for two hours . Owing to mist the enemy approached from both sides to within 30 yards before being discovered , but the lance corporal , on his own initiative without assistance , beat off a succession of attacks , inflicting heavy losses . During the whole time he was exposed to heavy fire but his contempt of danger and skill in the use of his fire - arms enabled the post to hold out until nearly all the garrison had been killed and he himself wounded and captured . He died as a result of wounds four weeks later . Sayer ' s actions on the day have been cited as having an immense effect on holding back the German offensive which stalled as they were held up by the Queen ' s Regiment defence .
Battle of Jeonju The Battle of Jeonju was one of the first battles fought in Korea during the Japanese invasions of Korea ( 1592 - 1598 ) . Even though this was a rather minor battle compared to others during the Korean Campaign , it would be one of the very most important victories for the Korean forces over the Japanese situated on land . Korean commander Yi Gwang led his army , which ended up defeating the opposing commander , Kobayakawa Takakage , in which his division was driven back to Geumsan . References . " The Samurai Sourcebook "
Amiel Weeks Whipple Amiel Weeks Whipple ( October 15 , 1818 – May 7 , 1863 ) was an American military engineer and surveyor . He served as a brigadier general in the American Civil War , where he was mortally wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville . Fort Whipple , now Fort Myer , was named in his honor . Biography . Whipple was born to David and Abigail Brown Pepper Whipple in Greenwich , Massachusetts . He attended Amherst College and West Point , graduating in the Class of 1841 . His early career including surveying the Patapsco River , sounding and mapping the approaches to New Orleans , surveying Portsmouth Harbor , and , as a lieutenant , helping to determine portions of the United States ' borders with Canada and Mexico . Fort Whipple , the Arizona Territory ' s first capital , was named in his honor . In 1853 he led explorations for the first transcontinental railroad route to the Pacific Ocean , near the 35th parallel . From 1855 to 1857 , Whipple published " Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean " . Among other things , the book contains the formal botanical description of the cactus species " Opuntia davisii " , and others of which Whipple is a binomial author , known as an " in " author . Whipple converted to Catholicism in Detroit circa 1857 , when commanding the lighthouse districts from Lake Superior to the Saint Lawrence River . During the Civil War , Whipple first served under General Irvin McDowell , then became chief topographical engineer under General George B . McClellan in the Army of the Potomac . His maps were used on many Virginia battlefields . In 1862 , as brigadier general of volunteers , he led the defense of Washington , D . C . , on its Virginia side . After great gallantry at the Fredericksburg , where he led third division III Corps , Whipple was severely wounded by a sharpshooter at Chancellorsville , and received the last rites on the battlefield . Taken to Washington he was breveted brigadier - general on May 4 , major general of volunteers on May 6 , and major - general by brevet on May 7 , only a few hours before his death in Washington . He was buried in the Proprietors ' Cemetery , Portsmouth , New Hampshire . Fort Whipple in Prescott , Arizona was named in his honor .
Walter Neitzel Walter Neitzel ( 9 May 1913 – 2 September 1944 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II , and one of only 882 recipients of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Walter Neitzel died on 2 September 1944 in Kaikasi , Latvia . He was posthumously promoted to Oberstleutnant and on 5 September 1944 was awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight ' s Cross .
USS Kangaroo ( SP - 1284 ) The first USS " Kangaroo " ( SP - 1284 ) was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . Construction and commissioning . " Kangaroo " was built as the private motorboat " Herreshoff Hull # 316 " in May 1917 by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company at Bristol , Rhode Island , one of nine identical motor boats built in anticipation of eventual acquisition by the U . S . Navy from their private owners . Her civilian owner , Henry A . Morse of Marblehead , Massachusetts , had named her " Kangaroo " by the time the U . S . Navy purchased her from him at Boston , Massachusetts , on 18 September 1917 for service as a patrol boat in World War I . She was commissioned on 10 December 1917 as USS " Kangaroo " ( SP - 1284 ) with Chief Quartermaster C . H . Waterman , USNRF , in command . United States Navy service . Assigned to the 1st Naval District , " Kangaroo " served on section patrol and inner harbor patrol in Penobscot Bay , Maine , until 14 October 1918 , when she departed for Key West , Florida . Due to an urgent need for craft such as " Kangaroo " at Brest , France , an order dated 14 October 1918 went out from Washington , D . C . , to Boston directing the Commandant of the 1st Naval District to ready six section patrol boats - - USS " Commodore " ( SP - 1425 ) , USS " Cossack " ( SP - 695 ) , USS " War Bug " ( SP - 1795 ) , USS " Sea Hawk " ( SP - 2365 ) , " Kangaroo " , and USS " SP - 729 " — to be shipped to France as deck cargo along with spare parts to keep them operational . However , this proposed movement appears to have been cancelled , probably because of the armistice with Germany of 11 November 1918 that ended World War I and eliminated the need for more U . S . Navy patrol craft in Europe . Instead , " Kangaroo " arrived at Key West on 12 January 1919 . Based there , she performed patrol and dispatch duties along the Florida Keys and in Florida ' s Atlantic coastal waters . " Kangaroo " was decommissioned on 20 May 1919 . Later career . On 22 November 1919 , " Kangaroo " was transferred to the United States Department of the Treasury for use by the United States Coast Guard , which commissioned her as USCGC " Kangaroo " . Renamed USCGC " AB - 6 " in 1923 , she served in the Coast Guard until sold in 1932 .
Heckler & Koch HK21 The HK21 is a light machine gun powered belt of ammunition , firing rounds of caliber 7 . 62mm NATO . Designed by German arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch . The weapon can be fired in a semi - automatic or automatic . The HK21 was developed from the automatic rifle G3 . Sharing this with several components , including the firing mechanism and backflow . The HK21 can be used with its integral bipod or a tripod . Production . The HK21 was initially produced in Portugal in 1968 In Factory Arm Silver , Which already manufactures the shotgun G3 . This production was designed to equip Portuguese Army with a machine gun lighter than MG42 then in service and more compatible with G3 rifles that equipped the Battlegroups in active service in War Overseas . Later the model was also being manufactured in their own Germany , in Greece and Mexico .
Mississippi Medal of Efficiency The Mississippi Medal of Efficiency is an award of the state of Mississippi given to member of the Mississippi National Guard . Will be awarded to such enlisted men of the federally recognized units of the active Mississippi National Guard who have over five ( 5 ) years honorable service in the active Mississippi National Guard and have exhibited exemplary behavior , efficiency and loyalty to his unit and the Mississippi National Guard .
Clinton Greaves Clinton Greaves ( August 12 , 1855 – August 18 , 1906 ) was a Buffalo Soldier in the United States Army and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Indian Wars of the western United States . Biography . Greaves was born in Madison County , Virginia on August 12 , 1855 . He joined the Army from Prince George ' s County , Maryland in September 1872 , and by January 24 , 1877 was serving as a Corporal in Company C of the 9th Cavalry Regiment . On that day , Greaves was part of a detachment which participated in an engagement in the Florida Mountains of New Mexico . For his actions during the battle , he was awarded the Medal of Honor two years later , on June 26 , 1879 . Greaves served in the army for over 20 years , and reached the rank of Sergeant his discharge in 1893 . After his army service , he worked as a civilian for the Quartermaster Department . He died of heart disease at age 51 and was buried in Green Lawn Cemetery , Columbus , Ohio . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , Company C , 9th U . S . Cavalry . Place and date : At Florida Mountains , N . Mex . , January 24 , 1877 . Entered service at : Prince Georges County , Md . Birth : Madison County , Va . Date of issue : June 26 , 1879 . Citation : While part of a small detachment to persuade a band of renegade Apache Indians to surrender , his group was surrounded . Cpl . Greaves in the center of the savage hand - to - hand fighting , managed to shoot and bash a gap through the swarming Apaches , permitting his companions to break free . Namesake . Camp Greaves , a US Army installation located near the Demilitarized Zone ( DMZ ) in the Republic of Korea ( South Korea ) , is named in honor of Sergeant ( SGT ) Greaves .
Rus ' – Byzantine War ( 941 ) The Rus ' – Byzantine War of 941 took place during the reign of Igor of Kiev . The Khazar Correspondence reveals that the campaign was instigated by the Khazars , who wished revenge on the Byzantines after the persecutions of the Jews undertaken by Emperor Romanus I Lecapenus . The Rus ' and their allies , the Pechenegs , disembarked on the northern coast of Asia Minor and swarmed over Bithynia in May 941 . As usual , they seemed to have been well informed that the Imperial capital stood defenseless and vulnerable to attack : the Byzantine fleet had been engaged against the Arabs in the Mediterranean , while the bulk of the Imperial army had been stationed along the eastern borders . Lecapenus arranged a defense of Constantinople by having 15 retired ships fitted out with throwers of Greek fire fore and aft . Igor , wishing to capture these Greek vessels and their crews but unaware of the fire - throwers , had his fleet surround them . Then , at an instant , the Greek - fire was hurled through tubes upon the Rus ' and their allies : Liudprand of Cremona wrote : " The Rus ' , seeing the flames , jumped overboard , preferring water to fire . Some sank , weighed down by the weight of their breastplates and helmets ; others caught fire . " The captured Rus ' were beheaded . The Byzantines thus managed to dispel the Rus ' fleet but not to prevent the pagans from pillaging the hinterland of Constantinople , venturing as far south as Nicomedia . Many atrocities were reported : the Rus ' were said to have crucified their victims and to have driven nails into their heads . In September , John Kourkouas and Bardas Phokas , two leading generals , speedily returned to the capital , anxious to repel the invaders . The Kievans promptly transferred their operations to Thrace , moving their fleet there . When they were about to retreat , laden with trophies , the Byzantine navy under Theophanes fell upon them . Greek sources report that the Rus ' lost their whole fleet in this surprise attack , so that only a handful of boats returned to their bases in the Crimea . The captured prisoners were taken to the capital and beheaded . Khazar sources add that the Rus ' leader managed to escape to the Caspian Sea , where he met his death fighting the Arabs . These reports might have been exaggerated , because Igor was able to mount a new naval campaign against Constantinople as early as 944 / 945 . The Chersonese Greeks alerted the emperor about the approaching Kievan fleet . This time , the Byzantines hastened to buy peace and concluded a treaty with Kievan Rus ' . Its text is quoted in full in the Primary Chronicle .
HMS Smiter ( P272 ) HMS " Smiter " is an " Archer " - class patrol and training vessel of the British Royal Navy . On being accepted into service , she initially served with the Clyde Division of the Royal Naval Reserve until 11 October 1990 . She then transferred to the University Royal Naval Unit ( URNU ) of Glasgow . In September 2012 she became the training vessel Oxford University Royal Naval Unit . She replaced HMS " Tracker " in this role , which transferred to the Faslane Force Protection Squadron . The Oxford University Royal Naval Unit is one of 14 URNUs supporting the countries ' leading Universities in England , Wales and Scotland . The organisation ' s Mission is to " educate a wide spectrum of high calibre undergraduates who show potential as society ' s future leaders and opinion formers in order to better inform them of the need for and role of the Royal Navy , and to develop awareness of career opportunities in the Service . " Students from the URNU get the chance to deploy on sea weekends or sea days aboard the ship , where they learn how to handle and navigate the vessel under the instruction of the permanent RN crew of five . The ship also goes on twice yearly deployments , at Easter and in the summer . External links . The motto of HMS Smiter is ' strike hard and often ' .
92nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 92nd Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 92nd Illinois Infantry was organized at Rockford , Illinois and mustered into Federal service on September 4 , 1862 . The regiment was converted to mounted infantry on July 22 , 1863 and assigned to Brigadier General John T . Wilder ' s Lightning Brigade . An element of " Wilder ' s Mounted Infantry . " Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 1 officer and 51 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 2 officers and 127 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 181 fatalities .
James Madison , Sr . James Madison , Sr . ( March 27 , 1723 – February 27 , 1801 ) was a prominent Virginia planter , who served as a colonel in the militia during the American Revolutionary War . He inherited Mount Pleasant , later known as Montpelier , a large tobacco plantation in Orange County , Virginia and , with the acquisition of more property , had 5 , 000 acres and became the largest landowner in the county . He was father to U . S . President James Madison , who inherited what he called Montpelier . Biography . James Madison , Sr , was the son of Ambrose Madison and his wife Frances Taylor , and was born in 1723 in Orange County , Virginia . When he was nine , his family moved to their new plantation of Mount Pleasant in 1732 . His father had hired slaves and an overseer to clear it , work that had been going on for five years to establish cultivation . That summer his father died at age 36 in August after a short illness . The family or the sheriff believed he was poisoned by slaves , and three were charged in the case and convicted by justices of the Commission of Peace . Unusually , only one slave was executed ; Dido and Turk , owned by the widow Frances Taylor Madison , were returned to her to serve as laborers after being punished by whipping . James was tutored and trained to be a planter and slaveholder , and member of the landed gentry . His widowed mother never remarried , which was unusual at that time for a woman her age ; she had extensive Taylor family in the county . As the eldest son , Madison inherited Mount Pleasant when he came of age in 1744 . He called the plantation Home House . Acquiring more land , he eventually owned 5 , 000 acres , making him the largest landowner in Orange County . By the time of his death , he owned 108 slaves . Marriage and family . Madison married Nelly Conway ( Port Conway , Caroline County , Virginia , January 9 , 1731 – Montpelier , Orange County , Virginia , February 11 , 1829 ) , also of the planter class ( her birthplace was named after her family ) . They had twelve children : American Revolutionary War . During the American Revolution , Madison served as chairman of the Orange County . He was commissioned as a colonel in the Virginia militia .
Louis Binot Louis François Binot ( 7 April 1771 – 8 February 1807 ) was Governor General of Pondicherry in 1802 . Binot was " Colonel / Chief of Brigade " in 121st Regiment of infantry of line which is made under the French Revolution . On 22 November 1806 , he was made as " General of Brigade " . He was given the order of Legion of Honour on 25 December 1805 . He was killed at the Battle of Eylau .
USS Politesse ( SP - 662 ) USS " Politesse " ( SP - 662 ) was a motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Politesse " was built as a civilian motorboat in 1911 by J . R . Robertson at Waltham , Massachusetts , for Frederick G . Hood . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy chartered her for use as a patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned on 15 April 1917 as USS " Politesse " ( SP - 662 ) . Apparently , her charter officially went into effect two days later , on 17 April 1917 . " Politesse " performed patrol duty at Boston , Massachusetts , for the remainder of World War I . After World War I , the Navy returned " Politesse " to her owner . Sources differ on the date of the return , giving it as both 29 May 1919 and 5 July 1919 .
Jørgen Christopher von Klenow Jørgen Christopher von Klenow was a Dano - Norwegian military officer . Jørgen von Klenow was born in Mecklenburg , ( now Germany ) and died in 1723 in Copenhagen , Denmark . He was commandant of Akershus fortress , Christiania , Norway from 1712 through 1719 . This included the period in which Akershus successfully repelled the advance of King Charles XII of Sweden on Christiania and the siege of Akershus . During March 1716 , Akershus fortress , was besieged by a Swedish force of 10 , 000 troops . Jørgen von Klenow managed to collect 3 , 000 defenders and endured a long siege , before the Swedes finally had to retire . Norwegian forces remained intact , and forced a retreat from the capital at 29 April after inflicting significant losses of men and material . Jørgen Christopher von Klenow then took command of " Kastellet " — the fortifications of Copenhagen , Denmark from 1719 until his death in 1723 .
Vicente San Bruno Vicente San Bruno Rovira ( died April 12 , 1817 ) was a Spanish military officer , infamous for his cruelty during the Chilean War of Independence . Military career . Vicente San Bruno was born in Aragon , and in his youth he took minor order in a Franciscan convent . In 1808 , San Bruno left the convent and joined the Spanish army as a soldier at the time of the French invasions . He fought bravely during the Peninsular War and won a promotion to officer . On December 25 , 1813 , he set sail for Peru under the command of Rafael Maroto as a captain in the Queen ' s Talavera Regiment . They disembarked at Callao on April 24 , 1814 to support Viceroy José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa , who had been working arduously to maintain his viceroyalty and the bordering territories under Spanish control . Maroto and his troops , which included San Bruno , were placed under the orders of Brigadier Mariano Osorio and sent to Chile , which had risen in rebellion after the French invasion of Spain . In Chile . San Bruno and the Talavera Regiment embarked on July 19 , 1814 , arriving at the naval base of Talcahuano , the nucleus of royalist activity , on August 13 . Brigadier Osorio succeeded in organizing local elements into a mobile army of some 5 , 000 men , of which the troops of the Talavera Regiment were practically the only Spaniards . This circumstance led the Talavera Regiment to manifest a marked disdain for its opponents and the Criollo troops in general , typical of Peninsulares recently arrived in the Americas . On October 1 , the two sides fought in Rancagua , an attempt to prevent the expeditionaries from taking Santiago . The Talavera attacked the enemy fortifications without bothering to send in either scouts or guerrillas . The result was that bombarded by the volley of shots , they were forced to retreat with heavy losses . Nevertheless , by November Spanish control had been reestablished , and San Bruno was put in charge of carrying out the orders of imprisoning the civilians suspected of having helped or sympathised with the independentists . On February 6 , 1815 , he became infamous when he opened the doors of the public jail of Santiago , and when the prisoners came out , had them all killed under the pretext that they were trying to escape . After Francisco Marcó del Pont became Royal Governor , San Bruno acquired almost unlimited authority . Two of the squadrons of the Talavera Regiment were sent back to Perú , but San Bruno stayed in Chile as commander of the remaining squadron . On January 17 , 1816 he was named president of the " Court of Vigilance and Public Security " , which acted as a secret political police . As such he instituted a reign of terror in order to quash any possible rebellion . Death . San Bruno was captured during the Battle of Chacabuco ( February 12 , 1817 ) , while he was trying to organize the resistance . He was taken to Santiago , where the populace tried to lynch him . The victors refused to treat him as a prisoner of war , and he was instead tried as a common criminal on March 6 , sentenced to death on April 10 and executed on the main square of Santiago on April 12 .