naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Charles H . T . Collis Charles Henry Tucker " Tucky " Collis ( February 4 , 1838 - May 11 , 1902 ) was an Irish - American US Army officer who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the American Civil War . Life . Collis was born in County Cork , Ireland , and immigrated with his father to the United States in 1853 . After studying law , he was admitted to the bar in 1859 . At the start of the Civil War , he enlisted in the 18th Pennsylvania Infantry , and within three months was promoted to sergeant major . Following his first enlistment , he was commissioned a captain and in August 1861 he raised a company from amongst European immigrants , called Collis ' Independent Company " Zouave s d ' Afrique " ( African Zouaves ) . On September 1 , 1862 , after his unit performed well in the Shenandoah Valley , Collis was promoted to colonel and instructed to recruit a regiment , which would become the 114th Pennsylvania Infantry . He commanded the regiment during the Battle of Fredericksburg , for which he later received the Medal of Honor . He was later wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville and contracted typhoid fever , but recovered by August 1863 , becoming a brigade commander under major general David B . Birney . On December 12 , 1864 , President Abraham Lincoln nominated Collis for appointment to the brevet grade of brigadier general of volunteers to rank from October 28 , 1864 and the U . S . Senate confirmed the appointment on February 14 , 1865 . Collis was given command of an independent brigade , commanding this unit the Siege of Petersburg . Collis was mustered out of the volunteers on May 29 , 1865 . On January 13 , 1866 , President Andrew Johnson nominated Collis for appointment to the brevet grade of major general of volunteers to rank from March 13 , 1865 , and the U . S . Senate confirmed the appointment on March 12 , 1866 . Following the war , Collis returned to practicing law , becoming an Assistant City Solicitor in Philadelphia . Collis died at Bryn Mawr , Pennsylvania on May 11 , 1902 . He was buried at Gettysburg National Cemetery . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Colonel , 114th Pennsylvania Infantry . Place and date : Fredericksburg , Va . , 13 December 1862 . Entered service at : Philadelphia , Pa . Born : 4 February 1838 , Ireland . Date of issue : 10 March 1893 . Gallantly led his regiment in battle at a critical moment .
1st Baltic Front The First Baltic Front was a Front of the Soviet Army during the Second World War . The commanders of it were Army General Andrey Yeryomenko and succeeded by Army General Bagramyan . It was formed by renaming the Kalinin Front in October 12 , 1943 and took part in several important military operations , most notably Bagration in the summer of 1944 . The 1st Baltic Front also assisted in lifting the Siege of Leningrad on January 27 , 1944 as well as in Operation Samland , at that time known as the Samland Group , captured Königsberg in April 1945 . Composition . As of June 23 , 1944 , the First Baltic Front consisted of the following units and their commanders : Baltic Front , led by front commander Army General Hovhannes Bagramyan 4th Shock Army , led by General - Lieutenant P . F . Malyshev 6th Guards Army , led by General Lieutenant I . M . Chistyakov 43rd Army , led by General Lieutenant A . P . Belaborodov 3rd Air Army , led by General Lieutenant N . F . Papivin
Geoffrey Waldegrave , 12th Earl Waldegrave Geoffrey Noel Waldegrave , 12th Earl Waldegrave , KG , GCVO , TD ( 21 November 1905 – 23 May 1995 ) , known as Viscount Chewton from 1933 to 1936 , was a British peer and agriculturist . Background and education . Waldegrave was the only son of Henry Waldegrave , 11th Earl Waldegrave and was educated at Winchester and graduated from Trinity College , Cambridge in 1928 . Political career . In 1936 , he succeeded to his father ' s titles and became a member of Somerset County Council in 1937 . During World War II , he served with the Royal Artillery ( Territorial Army ) and was afterwards awarded the Legion of Merit and the Territorial Decoration . Lord Waldegrave ' s career thereafter was as : chairman of the Agricultural Executive Council 1948 – 51 ; a member of the Prince ' s Council of the Duchy of Cornwall 1951 – 58 ; and 1965 – 76 ; a Liaison Officer of the Ministry of Agriculture , Fisheries and Food to Somerset , Wiltshire and Gloucestershire 1952 – 57 ; a Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture , Fisheries and Food 1958 – 62 ; chairman of the Forestry Commission 1963 – 65 ; a member of the BBC General Advisory Council 1963 – 66 ; a director of Lloyds Bank 1964 – 76 ; Lord Warden of the Stannaries 1965 – 76 ; chairman of the Advisory Committee on Meat Research 1969 – 73 and President of Somerset Trust Nature Conservation 1964 – 80 . In 1976 , he was made an Honorary Doctor of Laws by the University of Bristol and was awarded the Garter and the GCVO in 1971 and 1976 , respectively . Family . On 22 October 1930 , he had married Mary Hermione Grenfell ( a grandniece of the 1st Baron Grenfell ) and they had seven children : Lord Waldegrave died in 1995 , aged 89 and was succeeded by his eldest son .
Lydd Ranges Lydd Ranges is a military firing range south of Lydd , in Kent , England . It extends as far as the coast . It has been used for military training for over 150 years and is part of the Dungeness , Romney Marsh and Rye Bay Site of Special Scientific Interest . Because the range is used for live firing access is sometimes restricted - red flags are flown during these times , access is prohibited along the foreshore and Galloways Road . Also red lights are shown at restricted times due to poor weather . The Danger area extends out to sea and mariners sailing to and from Rye Harbour must pass south of the Stephenson Shoal to avoid it . Firing occurs about 300 days a year . When firing is not carried out , it may be possible to walk along a designated path along the shore . Railway . There is a 2 ' gauge railway on the range as a target railway . Principally , a target railway , though it also carries personnel and equipment around the Lydd Ranges .
William Neville William Harriman Neville ( December 29 , 1843 – April 5 , 1909 ) was a Nebraska , United States Populist politician . Biography . He was born in Nashville , Illinois . He moved with his parents to Chester , Illinois in 1851 . Graduated from McKendree University and served as a sergeant in Company H of the 142nd regiment of the Illinois Volunteer Infantry during the American Civil War . He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1874 , and set up practice in Chester . He was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1872 . He moved to Nebraska in May 1874 and moved to North Platte , Nebraska in April 1877 , continuing practicing law there . He ran for election to the Forty - ninth Congress and lost in 1884 . He then became a judge of the thirteenth judicial district from 1891 to 1895 . He was elected as a Populist to the 56th congress ( 1899 ) to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William L . Greene , was reelected to the 57th Congress , but did not stand for reelection to the 58th . He moved to Douglas , Arizona in 1903 and resumed practicing law . He was elected a member of the Arizona terrirorial house of representatives in 1905 . He died in Douglas , and was buried in North Platte Cemetery , North Platte . He was a cousin to Bird Segle McGuire , a U . S . Representative from Oklahoma .
HMS Neptune ( 1683 ) HMS " Neptune " was a 90 - gun second - rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy . She was built under the 1677 " Thirty Great Ships " Programme and launched in 1683 at Deptford Dockyard . She was first commissioned in 1690 under Captain Thomas Gardiner , as the flagship of Vice - Admiral George Rooke . In that capacity she took part in the Battle of Barfleur in May 1692 . She underwent her first rebuild at William Johnson ' s yard at Blackwall Yard , from where she was relaunched on 6 May 1710 as a 90 - gun second - rate built to the 1706 Establishment . She was recommissioned on 3 February 1711 under Capt . Francis Wyvell , but paid off into reserve in July of that year and saw no service . On 18 August 1724 " Neptune " was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt as a 90 - gun second - rate to the 1719 Establishment at Woolwich Dockyard , from where she was relaunched on 15 October 1730 . She was cut down to a 74 - gun third rate at Chatham Dockyard from 1747 to April 1749 , and was renamed HMS " Torbay " on 23 August 1750 . " Torbay " was sold at Portsmouth to be taken to pieces on 17 August 1784 .
VL Tuisku The VL Tuisku was a Finnish trainer aircraft designed in the 1930s . It was a two - seat , single - engined biplane with a welded steel framework , covered with fabric . 30 were produced for the Finnish Air Force and served from 1935 to 1949 . Design and development . Arvo Ylinen , who was the chief designer at the State Aircraft Factory ( " Valtion lentokonetehdas " , abbreviated VL ) led a project to create a new trainer aircraft for the Finnish Air Force . A prototype was built in 1933 and its was first flown on January 10 , 1934 by lieutenant U . E . Mäkelä . Series production began one year later in 1935 - 30 aircraft were built over a period of two years . The name Tuisku means " Snowstorm " in English . Operational history . Three different versions of the aircraft were made : a maritime , a pilot training and a reconnaissance training version . The aircraft was in use with all Finnish Air Force squadrons until 1949 , bearing the identification codes TU - 149 – TU - 179 . Aircraft on display . One Tuisku , named " " Sokeri - Sirkku " " ( TU - 178 ) is preserved and on display at the air museum in Vantaa . The fuselage of TU - 169 is preserved in the museum ' s storage facilities . A Tuisku is also on display in front of the old State Aircraft Factory in Tampere .
Croft Castle Croft Castle is a manor house and associated buildings near the village of Yarpole in Herefordshire , England some to the north - west of Leominster ( ) . 11th - century origin . A building has been on the site from the 11th century and it has from this time been the home of the Croft family and Croft baronets . The Croft family were closely linked to their neighbours the Mortimers of Wigmore and later Ludlow . The Battle of Mortimer ' s Cross took place on Croft lands nearby in 1461 . The present building originated as a castle in the 14th century and has been much altered since . It was the home of a John Croft who married one of Owain Glyndŵr ' s daughters . In the 15th century the Croft family adopted the Welsh Wyvern crest , a wounded black dragon , seen as a subtle allusion to their Glyndwr heritage . Croft Castle was restored after slighting in the Civil War . Manor house . It now consists of a stone quadrangular manor house with a small castellated round tower at each corner and a small square tower flanking the north side . The castle is under the care of the National Trust and members of the Croft family still live within it . The main building shares some similarities to Treago Castle , also in Herefordshire . The church . The castle and 13th century St . Michael s church adjacent , lie in 1500 acres ( 6 km² ) of Herefordshire countryside . Inside the church is the fine altar tomb of Sir Richard Croft ( 1430 - 1509 ) , high official to four monarchs , and his wife Eleanor ( née Cornwall ) , daughter of Sir Edmund Cornwall , Baron of Burford in Shropshire , and widow of Sir Hugh Mortimer of Kyre Wyard and Martley , Worcestershire , killed in action at the Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460 . Parklands . The estate has an avenue of Spanish Chestnut trees , oaks and beech tree s . Owned by the National Trust it is open from March to December . The parkland includes an Iron Age hillfort at Croft Ambrey .
101st Regiment of Foot ( Royal Bengal Fusiliers ) The 101st Regiment of Foot ( Royal Bengal Fusiliers ) was a regiment of the British Army from 1862 to 1881 but with a previous history in the Bengal Army going back to 1652 . History . The regiment was formed as part of the Honourable East India Company ' s army firstly as a Guard of Honour in 1652 . By 1756 it was the Bengal European Regiment - ' European ' indicating it was composed of white soldiers , not Indian sepoy s - and when this was split in 1765 , it became the 1st Bengal European Regiment . In 1846 it became the 1st Bengal European Fusiliers , also referred to in contemporary official papers , with inverted word ordering , as 1st European Bengal Fusiliers . It retained this title until British India was transferred to the Crown after the Indian Mutiny of 1857 . The " European " was then dropped and replaced by Royal , the title becoming in 1861 1st Royal Bengal Fusiliers . The regiment was then transferred to the British Army and renumbered as the 101st Regiment of Foot at the same time retaining the Royal Bengal name . In 1881 it was combined with the 104th Regiment of Foot ( Bengal Fusiliers ) to form part of the new Royal Munster Fusiliers . Indian Mutiny . On the outbreak of the Indian Mutiny the order to march on Delhi was given from Simla , and reached the regiment at Dugshai via Major George Ogle Jacob on 13 May 1857 , who had ridden down with it , upon which the regiment marched down from its rest station at Dugshai , due to reach Umballa that evening . A depiction of the march was made by George F . Atkinson of the Engineers , see illustration . Major George Ogle Jacob was mortally wounded at Delhi on 14 September 1857 aged 38 , having been wounded in the morning and died in camp at 10 pm . He was the son of Surgeon George Jacob ( Bengal Medical Service ) and had joined the Bengal Army in 1837 serving in Afghanistan ( 1838 ) and Sutlej ( 1845 ) . His grave at Rajpura Cemetery , Delhi states : " Sacred to the memory of Major George Ogle Jacob , 1st Bengal Fusiliers , who whilst commanding his Regiment fell mortally wounded at the storming of Delhi , on the 14th September 1857 , aged 38 years . This monument is erected by his family . " Battle honours . Plassey , Condore , Buxar , Rohilcund 1741 , Sholinghur , Guzerat , Deig , Bhurtpore , Ghuznee 1839 , Afghanistan 1839 , Ferozeshah , Sobraon , Pegu , Delhi 1857 , Lucknow
Chinese Century The Chinese Century ( ) is a neologism suggesting the possibility that the 21st century will be dominated by the People ' s Republic of China , similarly to how " the American Century " refers to the 20th century and " the British Century " refers to the 19th century . The phrase is used particularly in the assertion that the economy of China will overtake the economy of the United States as the largest national economy in the world , a position it held from around 1000 AD - 1700 AD or 221 BC - 1830 AD , depending on source . Criticism . Michael Beckley , a research fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School , rejects the idea that : Alternatively , Beckley argues the United States ’ power is durable and unipolarity and globalization are the main reasons why . “ The United States derives competitive advantages from its preponderant position , and globalization allows it to exploit these advantages , attracting economic activity and manipulating the international system to its benefit . ” If the United States really was in terminal decline , Beckley argues the U . S . would adopt neomercantilist economic policies and disengage from military commitments in Asia . “ If however , the United States is not in decline , and if globalization and hegemony are the main reasons why , then the United States should do the opposite : it should contain China ’ s growth by maintaining a liberal international economic policy , and it should subdue China ’ s ambitions by sustaining a robust political and military presence in Asia . ” Beckley believes that the United States benefits from being an extant hegemon — the U . S . did not overturn the international order to its benefit in 1990 , but rather , the existing order collapsed around it . Scholars that are skeptical of America ’ s maintaining unipolarity include Robert Pape , who has calculated that “ one of the largest relative declines in modern history ” stems from “ the spread of technology to the rest of the world . ” Similarly , Fareed Zakaria writes , “ The unipolar order of the last two decades is waning not because of Iraq but because of the broader diffusion of power across the world . ” This is known as the " diffusive effect , " or the tendency for ideas to trickle down from established to peripheral areas , empowering the latter .
428th Bombardment Squadron The 428th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was as part of the 310th Bombardment Wing , stationed at Shilling Air Force Base , Kansas . It was inactivated on 1 January 1962 . History . Activated as a B - 25 reconnaissance squadron in early 1942 , it was redesignated a medium bomber unit in April . It trained with the Third Air Force in the southeastern United States . It was deployed initially to England in September 1942 and flew some missions under VIII Bomber Command over German - occupied France ; attacking enemy troop formations , bridges and airfields . It was part of the Operation Torch invasion of North Africa in November 1942 , being deployed to the new Mediterranean Theater of Operations ( MTO ) . It was assigned to the Twelfth Air Force in French Morocco in November . The squadron engaged primarily in support and interdictory operations ; bombing marshalling yards , rail lines , highways , bridges , viaducts , troop concentrations , gun emplacements , shipping , harbors and other objectives in North Africa . The squadron also engaged in psychological warfare missions , dropping propaganda leaflets behind enemy lines . It took part in the Allied operations against Axis forces in North Africa during March – May 1943 , the reduction of Pantelleria and Lampedusa islands during June , the invasion of Sicily in July and the landing at Salerno in September . The squadron was also involved in the Allied advance toward Rome during January – June 1944 , the invasion of Southern France in August 1944 and the Allied operations in northern Italy from September 1944 to April 1945 . It was inactivated in Italy after the German capitulation in September 1945 . The squadron was activated in 1959 as a result of Strategic Air Command ' s ( SAC ) decision to phase out the B - 47 Stratojet . Additional squadrons were activated as part of the consolidation of Stratojet wings , and the replacement of the B - 47 by B - 52 Stratofortress es . In March 1961 , President John F . Kennedy directed that the phaseout of the B - 47 be accelerated . As a result , the squadron was inactivated on 1 January 1962 as part of the drawdown of the USAF B - 47 force , the aircraft were sent to AMARC storage at Davis - Monthan Field , in Arizona .
Heinz Nowotnik Heinz Nowotnik was an Obersturmführer ( First Lieutenant ) in the Waffen SS who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , on the 14 May 1944 while in command of the 14th Machine Gun Company , 1st SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment " LSSAH " ( LSSAH ) .
USS Mountrail ( APA - 213 ) USS " Mountrail " ( APA - 213 ) was a that saw service with the US Navy in World War II and the Korean War . " Mountrail " was named after Mountrail County , North Dakota . She was built under Maritime Commission contract by Permanente Metals Corporation , Richmond , California ; launched 20 September 1944 , and commissioned 16 November 1944 , Comdr . R . R . Stevens in command . Operational history . World War II . Following shakedown , " Mountrail " embarked troops at Seattle and sailed for the Philippines 10 January 1945 . Invasion of Okinawa . Reaching Leyte Gulf 21 February , she put to sea with men of the 77th Infantry Division for amphibious training off Leyte before departing San Pedro Bay 21 March to join a convoy for the Okinawa invasion . She arrived off Kerama Retto 26 March . While she landed troops 2 April , her gunners shot down three planes . " Mountrail " departed Kerama Retto and arrived San Francisco 22 May to load troops for the Philippines , whom she disembarked at Manila . After hostilities . Returning San Francisco 5 August , she sailed with more troops , landing them at Batangas , Luzon , 11 September . At Leyte Gulf she took on occupation troops whom she landed at Hakodate , Japan , 4 October . then carried Marines from Japan to Tsingtao , China , before sailing for home 5 November . She decommissioned 12 July 1946 and entered the Paciflc Reserve Fleet at Stockton , California . Korean War . With the outbreak of the Korean War , " Mountrail " recommissioned 9 September 1950 , and sailed 22 December for the Far East to carry men between Japan and Korea until returning San Diego 2 August 1951 . On 28 May 1952 , she sailed for her second tour of duty with the 7th Fleet operating between Hong Kong and Korea for the next 6 months . On 14 October she joined in the feint off Bolo , Korea , which tricked the Communists completely . Operation " Passage to Freedom " . " Mountrail " returned to Long Beach in December and trained on the West Coast until sailing for Japan 28 November 1953 . She sailed between the Philippines and Japan until August . when she Joined operation " Passage to Freedom " , the massive evacuation of refugees from North to South Vietnam . She returned to Long Beach 9 October 1954 , and decommissioned 1 October 1955 to return to reserve . Third commission . " Mountrail " recommissioned 22 November 1961 and sailed to join Amphibious Squadron 12 , Atlantic Fleet . During training , she operated in the Atlantic and Caribbean , strengthening American forces at Guantanamo Bay during the Cuban Missile Crisis of fall 1962 . In October and November 1964 she took part in NATO landing exercises in southern Spain , and 8 February 1965 she left Norfolk , Virginia for her first deployment with the 6th Fleet . She took part in exercises off Norway in June and July , returning Norfolk 20 July . She was decommissioned at an unknown date , and struck from the Navy Vessel Register on 1 December 1976 . Decorations . " Mountrail " received one battle star for World War II service and three for Korean War service .
Czerniaków Czerniaków is a neighbourhood of the city of Warsaw , located within the borough of Mokotów , between the escarpment of the Vistula river and the river itself . Called " Czerniakowo " since the Middle Ages , it was then merely a small village located well to the south of the Warsaw ' s Old Town . In the 19th century the area became densely built - up and became populated mostly by factory workers and other lower classes of society , which gave birth to a specific local version of the Warsaw dialect . During the Warsaw Uprising the area was one of the last Polish strongholds .