naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Frank Helmick Frank Helmick is a retired United States Army Lieutenant General . He is the former Commanding General of the XVIII Airborne Corps . From February to December 2011 , he additionally served as the Deputy Commanding General for Operations , United States Forces - Iraq . Prior to assuming command of the XVIII Airborne Corps , LTG Helmick commanded the Multi - National Security Transition Command - Iraq along with the NATO Training Mission - Iraq from July 3 , 2008 to October 7 , 2009 . Helmick has held numerous command and senior staff positions . He has commanded and served in many units in both operational and training Commands : Commander 3rd Battalion , 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment , 82nd Airborne Division , Fort Bragg , North Carolina ; Commander Ranger Training Brigade , Fort Benning , Georgia ; Assistant Division Commander 101st Airborne Division ( Air Assault ) , Fort Campbell , Kentucky ; Commander of the Southern European Task Force ( Airborne ) , Vicenza , Italy . His staff assignments include service in the 82nd Airborne Division , the Joint Staff , and the Office of the Secretary of Defense where he served as the Senior Military Advisor to the Deputy Secretary of Defense . Career . Iraq War . Helmick was the commander who led the attack in Mosul that killed Uday and Qusay Hussein , Saddam Hussein ' s sons . On August 24 , 2008 Helmick survived a suicide bombing of the MRAP vehicle he was riding in near Forward Operating Base Marez in Mosul . The suicide car bomb attack killed the attacker and damaged the International MaxxPro Plus vehicle , but Helmick , Brigadier General Raymond “ Tony ” Thomas , an Iraqi general and others inside the vehicle were not seriously injured . Personal life . Helmick has attended a variety of military schools including the United States Military Academy , Infantry Officer Basic Course , the Armor Officer Advanced Course , the Naval Postgraduate School , the United States Armed Forces Staff Course at the Armed Forces Staff College , and the United States Army War College . See also . Helmick ' s official Facebook page
Carracks black sword The Carracks Black Sword sometimes called Crab Sword , is a type of sword invented in Portugal , during the 15th century , designed to be used by soldiers and sailors in ships and caravels in the Age of Discovery . It is characterized by having a guard with two protective rings , with the guard terminals in the form of two flat drops , the referred guard terminals facing toward the tip of the blade , and forming round large plates , sharpened to the point where they can be used as extra blades , because they can be convenient in close combat . The protective rings , in addition to the protective function of the fingers , still allowed a way of handling the sword with angles of attack up to 160º , which drastically changed the form of combat . Due to this configuration , the sword could be used in 50 % of cases for coup and in 50 % of cases for thrust . On the other hand the protective ring also served to hold and break the opponent ' s blade . These swords were painted black not to reflect the light and denounce their presence on ships , avoiding also its rusting when used near salt water . It was also known by Portuguese soldiers as " colhona " ( which in rude Portuguese means approximately “ big balls ” ) due to the roundshape of the terminal plates , reminiscent of a representation of the testicles in a phallic symbol in the form of sword . This type of sword will have appeared between 1460 and 1480 and saw much of its use in Portuguese trading cities in Africa , coming to be used as a symbol of honor by the local chiefs .
Serra de Pàndols Serra de Pàndols is a limestone mountain chain located at the southern end of the Catalan Pre - Coastal Range , in Catalonia , Spain . There is a project to install wind turbines on the Serra de Pàndols and neighboring Serra de Cavalls which has met with public protests . The Serra de Paüls mountain range is located to the south of this range . Hill 705 . The ridge ' s highest point is Punta Alta ( 705 . 5 m ) . This summit was known as Hill 705 ( " Cota 705 " ) during the Battle of the Ebro , the bloodiest and most protracted series of combats in the Spanish Civil War ( 1936 – 39 ) . The Battle was also the last action of the International Brigades , who were withdrawn midway through it . Close to the peak stands a monument to those who died in the battles . Hill 705 was a key position to control the Serra de Pàndols range at the time of the Battle of the Ebro . The summit lies within the Pinell de Brai municipal term .
Château de Labastide - Paumès The Château de Labastide - Paumès is a 16th - century castle in the " commune " of Labastide - Paumès in the Haute - Garonne " département " of France . It includes a large tower with a spiral staircase . Privately owned , it has been listed since 1927 as a " monument historique " by the French Ministry of Culture .
Type 96 AA Gun Prime Mover The Type 96 AA Gun Prime Mover is a Japan ese 6 wheeled prime mover used during the Second World War . In entered service in 1937 . In 1920s , the Imperial Japanese Army ( IJA ) was using several types of trucks as Anti - aircraft gun tractors . In 1936 the Type 96 , a new AA gun tractor was developed from Type 94 6 - Wheeled truck . It was basically the same as the Type 94 , but the transmission was improved and a winch was added to the tail . The loading platform was also modified to carry crews and equipments of AA gun battery . As well as Type 94 6 - Wheeled Truck , it had two versions , Ko model of Gasoline Engine and Otsu Model of diesel Engine .
Pisa - class cruiser The Pisa class was a series of three armored cruisers built in Italy from 1905 - 1910 . Description . The ships were designed and built in Italy but were armed with British Elswick Ordnance Company guns . History . The 3 " Pisa " - class armored cruisers were originally built for the Italian " Regia Marina " . However , budget problems led to the third ship being sold to Greece before completion . It was completed as " Georgios Averof " for Greece , armed with 9 . 2 - inch instead of 10 - inch main guns . " Georgios Averof " served with the Hellenic Navy in the Balkan Wars , World War I and World War II . It was decommissioned in 1952 and is now preserved as a museum ship in Faliron Bay near Athens . It is the only armored cruiser worldwide still in existence . " Amalfi " served with the " Regia Marina " in World War I and was torpedoed and sunk in 1915 . " Pisa " also served with the " Regia Marina " . It was reclassified as a coastal battleship in 1921 and was used as a training ship until being scrapped in 1937 . References . < br >
4th Regiment of Marines ( British Army ) The 4th Regiment of Marines was a British Army regiment that saw service between 1739 and 1748 . The regiment served during the War of Jenkins ' Ear and fought at the Battle of Cartagena . " N . B . " This was an army regiment serving as marines ; this was not a Royal Marines unit . Service . The 4th Regiment of Marines was raised on 17 November 1739 as " John Wynyard ' s Regiment of Marines " . From 1742 the regiment was known as " Byng ' s Regiment of Marines " . This followed the 18th Century tradition of naming British regiments for their Colonel . The regiment ranked as the 47th regiment of the line and were also known as " 4th Marines " and " 47th Foot " . The regiment embarked from Portsmouth on 4 November 1740 " en route " for the West Indies . The regiment saw active service during the War of Jenkins ' Ear and fought at the Battle of Cartagena and at Cumberland Haven , Cuba . The regiment transferred to Jamaica as garrison troops in September 1741 . The regiment was disbanded on 8 November 1748 when the British Army disbanded its marine regiments . The final commander of the 4th Marines was Colonel James Long . On disbandment of the 4th Marines , the old 58th Regiment of Foot was then renumbered as the new 47th Regiment of Foot .
Fort Belan Fort Belan ( alternate : Belan Fort ; pronounced : " Bell - ann " ) is a coastal fortress in North Wales . It is located opposite Abermenai Point , at the south - western end of the Menai Strait , on the coast of Gwynedd , in the parish of Llanwnda . Situated at the tip of the Dinlle Peninsula , the windblown , north - westernmost point of the Welsh mainland , the fort is physically cut off twice a day by the incoming sea . Of geographic importance because of its location , Fort Belan is the access point to both the north Wales coast and to Liverpool , England . It is said to have cost £ 30 , 000 to build the fort . History . The fort was built in 1775 for a reported cost of £30 , 000 ( £ as of 2018 ) , by Thomas Wynn , then MP for Caernarfonshire and later to become Lord Newborough . He was worried about the vulnerability of Britain ’ s coastline to attack , particularly because of the on - going American War of Independence . Fort Belan was the only purpose built fort of the American Revolution on the eastern side of the Atlantic Ocean . It guards a narrow passage of width . In the late 1780s , the barracks were used to ward off raiding American privateers from the Irish Sea . But despite its military history , " no shots have been fired in anger from the fort " . In the 1820s , the Wynn family turned it into a private fort for themselves , adding a small harbour for Spencer Wynn ' s steam yacht . Major construction works took place between 1824 and 1826 . The watchtower was built in the 1890s by Freddie Wynn , and it housed a telescope . In 1907 , Sir Ralph Frankland - Payne - Gallwey described seeing a dock , workshops for repairing vessels , marine storehouses , winches , and cranes . During World War II , the fort was again used for military purposes as the base for the Home Guard and two rescue launches . In the 1950s it was owned by Colonel Robert Vaughan Wynn . The Wynn family sold the property in 1992 to the Blundells as a base for marine biology exploration . In 1996 the Fort was reclassified as a Grade 1 listed building . Architecture . The fort ' s innermost buildings are slightly taller than the tall stone walls . In the centre of the fort is a sheltered , quadrangle ; at one time , there were peacock s here . Fortified towers are located at either end of the courtyard . Each of the towers displays the two - headed eagle of the first Lord Newborough . Small two - storey houses that were used as officer and privates ' quarters line the flanks , commodious barracks for the Caernarvonshire county militia . Approximately 24 cannons form a gun battery along the walls . One of the inner corridors is said to be the haunt of a phantom nursemaid . Present use . Fort Belan is a Grade I Listed building . It houses a maritime museum and a pottery . It has also been re - purposed as a self - catering holiday complex . The houses have been given a farmhouse feel and coal fires keep them warm . Notable overnight guests include Princess Margaret for the investiture of Prince Charles in 1969 .
HMS Ipswich ( 1694 ) HMS " Ipswich " was a 70 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched at Harwich on 19 April 1694 . She was rebuilt at Portsmouth according to the 1719 Establishment , relaunching on 30 October 1730 . " Ipswich " was hulked in 1757 , and broken up in 1764 .
DAR 10 The DAR 10 ( ДАР 10 ) was a Bulgarian light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft . Design and development . The DAR 10 was designed by Zvetan Lazarov in 1938 in the DAR ( " Darzhavna Aeroplanna Rabotilnica " , meaning literally ' State Airplane Workshop ' ) factory in Bozhurishte , near the capital Sofia . The DAR 10 was a single - engine two - seat ( pilot and gunner ) low - wing cantilever monoplane aircraft of conventional layout . Its two seats were in tandem under enclosed glazing . Its tailwheel undercarriage was fixed , and the main gears were spatted . the wings had wooden structure , covered with plywood . Flaps were not used . The fuselage was comparatively wide and deep , to accommodate the nose - mounted radial engine . It was constructed of steel - tube framework and wood formers , covered with fabric . Three - bladed steel propellers were used . Two prototypes were built , powered by different engines : This aircraft crashed in October 1942 . In spite of good flight reviews , the type was not chosen for production . The high - wing KB - 11 Fazan was selected for production instead . The DAR - 10 was not selected for production . Some sources suggest that it was passed over in favor of the German Junkers Ju - 87 Stuka dive bomber , while the improved DAR - 10F was not selected as World War II had ended and Bulgaria had access to ample supplies of modern Soviet aircraft such as the Ilyushin Il - 2 and Il - 10 .
NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency The NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency is the prime customer and management body for the four - nation Eurofighter Typhoon Weapon System programme . Its offices are located on the outskirts of Munich , Germany and it is staffed by civilian and military secondees from the participating nations – UK , Germany , Italy and Spain . Since early February 2008 the General Manager has been Lt . Gen . Antonino Altorio of the Italian Air Force . This NATO agency replaces two former organisations – the NATO Multirole Combat Aircraft Development and Production Management Agency ( NAMMA ) and the NATO EFA Development Production and Logistics Management Agency ( NEFMA ) . It is responsible for the joint development and production of both the Typhoon and the NATO Multi - Role Combat Aircraft , namely the Panavia Tornado .
General Staff ( Germany ) The General Staff of the German Army ( ) is a department of the Federal Ministry of Defence and one of the five staff headquarters in the military command of the " Bundeswehr " . The General Staff is thus at the same time a ministerial division and the highest level of military command within the German Army . Command . The General Staff is commanded by the Inspector of the Army ( " Inspekteur des Heeres " ) . The Inspector holds the rank of lieutenant general ( " Generalleutnant " ) , commands the General Staff and in that role reports to the Federal Minister of Defence . The deputy to the Inspector also holds 3 star rank . The General Inspector of the Bundeswehr and the Defence Staff who work for him are only authorised to issue directives to the General Staff in the fields of development and the realisation of the overall concept for the Bundeswehr . The General Staff comprises about 180 soldiers and civil servants . Mission . The General Staff is the highest level of command in the German Army . The staff ensures the readiness of the Army from a materiel and personnel perspective . In addition the two command pillars of the Army , the Army Command and the Army Office are subordinate to the General Staff . Furthermore the staff support the Inspector of the Army and the Federal Minister of Defence in their ministerial duties .
Ronald Gustave Kellett United Kingdom | awards = Distinguished Flying Cross < br > Distinguished Service Order < br > Virtuti Militari Wing Commander Ronald Gustave Kellett DSO DFC ( 1909 – 1998 ) was a Royal Air Force flying ace of the Second World War . Early life . Kellett was born in Eldon in the Parish of Shildon , County Durham , 13 September 1909 and educated at Rossall School . Royal Air Force . He joined No . 600 Squadron Auxiliary Air Force in 1933 . He was later to serve on No . 616 Squadron RAF . During the Battle of Britain he flew with No . 249 Squadron RAF and commanded No . 303 Squadron RAF , the first operational Polish fighter squadron . He was awarded the Virtuti Militari 5th Class by the Polish Government . The following words about the Polish fighters were written in the 303 Squadron Chronicle by Kellett when he was leaving the unit : He was later to serve in a number of staff positions for the rest of the war . With a tally of kills for the war at 5 confirmed 2 probable and 1 damaged , Kellett held the status of a Flying Ace . After the war , Kellett commanded No . 615 Squadron RAF . He relinquished his commission on 1 October 1953 .
Edward Harris ( Royal Navy officer ) Admiral The Honourable Sir Edward Alfred John Harris KCB ( 20 May 1808 – 17 July 1888 ) , was a British naval commander , diplomat and politician . Background . Harris was the second son of James Harris , 2nd Earl of Malmesbury , by Harriet Susan , daughter of Francis Bateman Dashwood . James Harris , 3rd Earl of Malmesbury , was his elder brother . Career . Harris was an Admiral in the Royal Navy . He also sat as Member of Parliament for Christchurch between 1844 and 1852 and served as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation between 1858 and 1867 and as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Netherlands between 1867 and 1877 . He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1863 and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1872 . He was also a Deputy Lieutenant for Hampshire . Family . Harris married Emma , daughter of Captain Samuel Chambers , in 1841 . They had several children , including Edward Harris , 4th Earl of Malmesbury . He died in July 1888 , aged 80 . Lady Harris died in July 1896 .
Route Army A Route Army ( 路軍 / 路军 ) , was a type of military organization during the Chinese Republic , and usually exercised command over two or more corps or a large number of division s or independent brigade s . It was a common formation in China prior to the Second Sino - Japanese War but was discarded as a formation type by the National Revolutionary Army after 1938 ( other than the 8th Route Army ) , in favor of the Group Army . Some of the more famous of the Route Armies were :
USS Marjorie M . ( SP - 1080 ) USS " Marjorie M . " ( SP - 1080 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Marjorie M . " was built as a private " runabout " - type motorboat of the same name in 1912 by Gottshalk at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . On 18 August 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner , A . P . Dennis , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned the same day as USS " Marjorie M . " ( SP - 1080 ) . Assigned to the 9th Naval District , " Marjorie M . " served on patrol duty on the Great Lakes through the end of World War I . The Navy returned " Marjorie M . " to Dennis on 23 November 1918 .
Battle of Tian Shan The Battle of Tian Shan ( ) was a battle fought in Tian Shan ( in modern - day Xinjiang ) in 99 BC during the Han – Xiongnu War . The battle ended with the defeat of the Han Dynasty , whose forces were led by Li Guangli . Prelude . Both Xiongnu and Han forces suffered considerable losses in the Battle of Mobei , after which the fighting ceased temporarily . After a period of recovery , Xiongnu began to invade the borders of the Han Dynasty again . Finally , Emperor Liu Che ordered Li Guangli to lead an attack on Xiongnu . The battle . In 99 BC , Li Guangli led 30 thousand cavalrymen in an attack on the Xiongnu forces in Tian Shan . The attack was successful , with enemy losses totaling over 10 thousand . However , as the Han army withdrew , it became surrounded by enemy forces , and many soldiers died of starvation . Eventually , Li escaped with the help of Zhao Chong , but almost 60 percent of the soldiers had lost their lives by this time . Li Ling , leading 5 thousand cavalrymen , was also attacked by Xiongnu . He eventually surrendered .
No . 360 Squadron RAF No . 360 Squadron RAF was an electronic countermeasures ( ECM ) squadron of the Royal Air Force . History . The squadron was created from the merger of the personnel of 831 Naval Air Squadron of the Fleet Air Arm ( previously operating the Fairey Gannet ECM . 6 ) and ' B ' Flight , No . 97 Squadron RAF ( flying English Electric Canberra s ) at RAF Watton on 1 April 1966 . Initially it was known as Joint Electronic Warfare Trials and Training Force before being given its official designation of No . 360 [ RN / RAF ] Squadron on 23 September 1966 . The squadron flew a number of Canberra types : B . 2s , T . 4s ( for pilot training ) ; a B . 6 ; PR . 7s and E . 17s . The first Canberra T . 17 was delivered just before Christmas 1966 and this type soldiered on until disbandment in 1994 . A sister squadron , No . 361 Squadron RAF was also formed in January 1967 for deployment to the Far East . However , following the 1967 Defence Review , 361 Squadron became redundant and was officially disbanded in July the same year . No . 360 Squadron moved to RAF Cottesmore in April 1969 . The official squadron badge was awarded in 1973 : the trident represents the Royal Navy involvement , whilst the moth ( a " Melese Laodamia " ) depicts the unique role of the Squadron ( this particular moth avoids predatory bats by jamming their prey - finding " radar " system ) . 360 Squadron moved again in September 1975 to RAF Wyton where it remained until being disbanded in October 1994 , its work being taken over by Flight Refuelling Ltd . In 1991 360 Squadron achieved 25 years of service , and was presented with a Squadron Standard . No . 360 Squadron had many unique aspects : its role , its number had not been previously issued , and it is the only squadron to have been formed , awarded a Standard , and disbanded during Queen Elizabeth II ' s reign .
Fritz Bachmann Fritz Bachmann ( 8 February 1922 – 27 December 2003 ) was a highly decorated Unteroffizier der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Franz Walter Stahlecker Franz Walter Stahlecker ( 10 October 1900 – 23 March 1942 ) was Commander of the " Sicherheitspolizei " ( Sipo ) and the " Sicherheitsdienst " ( SD ) ( ; BdS ) for the Reichskommissariat Ostland in 1941 – 42 . Stahlecker commanded Einsatzgruppe A , the most murderous of the four Einsatzgruppen ( death squad s during the Holocaust ) active in German - occupied Eastern Europe . Early career . Born in Sternenfels in 1900 , he was trained as an administrative jurist . From 1919 – 20 Stahlecker was a member of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz und Trutzbund and the Organisation Consul . He joined the Nazi Party in 1932 . In 1934 , he was appointed head of the Gestapo in the German state of Württemberg and soon assigned to the main office of the " Sicherheitsdienst " ( SD ) . After the incorporation of Austria in 1938 , Stahlecker became SD chief of the Danube district ( Vienna ) , a post he retained even after being promoted to " SS - Standartenführer " . As of the 20th of August , 1938 , Stahlecker was the formal head of the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna , though its de facto leader was Adolf Eichmann . Differences of opinion with Reinhard Heydrich motivated him to move to the " Auswärtiges Amt " ( Foreign Office ) , after which he held posts in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia under " SS - Brigadeführer " Karl Hermann Frank and , in 1940 , in Norway , where he was promoted to " SS - Oberführer " . Einsatzgruppe A . In June 1941 Stahlecker was promoted to " SS - Brigadeführer " and " Generalmajor der Polizei " and took over as commanding officer of Einsatzgruppe A in hopes of furthering his career with the " Reichssicherheitshauptamt " ( RSHA ) , Nazi Germany ' s security police and intelligence organization . Einsatzgruppe A followed Army Group North and operated in the Baltic states and areas of Russia up to Leningrad . Its mission was to hunt down and annihilate the Jews , Gypsies , Communists , and other " undesirables " . By winter 1941 , Stahlecker reported to Berlin that Einsatzgruppe A had murdered some 249 , 420 Jews . He was killed in action on 23 March 1942 , in a clash with Soviet partisans near Krasnogvardeysk , Russia .