naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Expedition of Amr ibn al - As Expedition of Amr ibn al - As , also known as the Campaign of Dhatas Salasil , took place in September 629 AD , 8AH , 6th month , of the Islamic Calendar . Background . The repulse of the Muslim army at the Battle of Mu ’ tah , affected dangerously Muhammad ' s prestige among the tribes of the Syrian frontier . There were rumours that a number of tribes , including Banu Qudah were now preparing to attack Medina . He appointed Amr ibn al - As , the new convert of Islam , to subjugate the Banu Qudah tribe , and incite the tribes friendly to Muhammad to attack the Banu Qudah . Amr was chosen because he was related to the Banu Bali tribe , who were located in the area he was to carry out the operation . Muhammad sent 300 men and 30 horses with Amr ibn al - As as commander , and in the event of great opposition , the tribes who had already submitted to Islam to come to his aid . Expedition . After Marching for 10 days , he encamped a spring called Salasil , there he found that the enemy was assembled in large numbers , so he sent a messenger back to Muhammad asking for reinforcement . Muhammad straight away complied and sent 200 men , among whom were Abu Bakr and Umar , headed by Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah . When Abu Ubaidah arrived he asked to be the Commander of the entire force , to which Amr refused , Abu Ubaidah accepted this and said " be it so " , claiming he was told by Muhammad not to fight or cause divisions over leadership . With this increased number of Muslim army , Amr ibn al - As charged at his enemy and " destroyed them " according to the Muslim scholar Saifur Rahman al - Mubarakpuri , while causing most to flee , except one tribe which fought . Islamic Primary sources . The Expedition is referenced in the Sunni hadith collection Sahih al - Bukhari as follows :
Haskins Rifle The Haskins Rifle , also known as the RAI 300 " ( Research Armament Model 300 ) " or Haskins M500 rifle was a bolt - action weapon designed by Jerry Haskins between 1981 and 1982 for snipers in the US Military . Unlike most military sniper rifles , the Haskins was purpose - built for the military , not reworked from an existing civilian firearm - another such sniper rifle was the Soviet SVD . The Haskins was developed from a US Army requirement for an antimaterial capability . Standard 7 . 62x51mm sniper rifles were unable to meet the penetration requirements . Several experimental cartridges were produced , culminating in a convertible lightweight bolt - action rifle able to use . 50 caliber machine - gun cartridges , or a lighter , faster , then - wildcat cartridge optimized for antipersonnel use , with some antimaterial ability . The US Army declined to purchase the lighter rifle , but purchased a small number of the . 50 caliber rifles . They are now used by some United States Army Special Forces snipers . The Haskins m500 sniper rifle fires a . 50 caliber round as far as 2 km and can still hit a target the size of a garbage bin . Although not adopted in large numbers by the US , the weapon served as a testbed for new sniper ammunition . The cartridge originally used , the 8 . 58 x 71 mm , was eventually developed by the Lapua - Nammo Oy company in Finland into the . 338 Lapua Magnum . The Haskins was a bolt - action , magazine - fed weapon , featuring a steel receiver with a rotating bolt . The bolt had 3 long lugs which locked into the receiver walls . The weapon could use one of two cartridges : the 7 . 62 x 51 mm NATO and the 8 . 58 x 71 mm . Switching between calibers was relatively simple , requiring that only the barrel and bolt head be replaced . William Brophy , an American Army Ordnance officer when discussing comparable weapons platforms stated : The Haskins featured a detachable scope mount , heavy precision barrel , a folding bipod , a fully adjustable trigger and could be disassembled for ease of carry and storage . The Haskins was used by the Provisional Irish Republican Army to fire upon British troops in Northern Ireland . It became highly feared ; this weapon was the cause of many deaths .
Sloup Sloup is a medieval castle in the Czech lands . It is located near Nový Bor in the small town of Sloup v Čechách , in the Liberec Region , north Bohemia , Czech Republic . It takes its name from the special appearance of the 33 m high freestanding sandstone rocks into which it was carved in the 14th century . Sloup means " column " . History . The castle was first mentioned in records dating from 1324 . It was established beside a salt trade route from Mišeň to Česká Lípa by the Ronovec family . The edges of the outcrop , which was a level summit , were carved to resemble castle walls with loopholes , and some of the gullies in the outcrop were filled in with masonry . Thanks to an ingenious system of trenches it was possible to flood the area around the rocks . The combination of natural conditions and human ingenuity turned the castle into a fortress unassailable by medieval warriors . During the Thirty Years ' War , Knight Mikeš Pančiř of Smojna was based here and launched a raid on Lužice , and as a consequence the castle was besieged in 1445 - 45 . When the starving troops capitulated after three months of isolation it was burned down by the end of 1427 . The castle was repaired , but it gradually ceased to meet the desired standards of comfort , and during the 16th century it was deserted and became dilapidated . In 1639 the Swedes burned it down , and the castle became a ruin . From 1670 to 1785 hermits were based here , making use of the rock for their needs . Among other things , they carved out new rooms and created recesses for the Stations of the Cross , built a chapel in the rock and formed a new entrance . Historical documents talk about several men : Konstantin was a bricklayer ; Vaclav painted a solar clock on the wall ; and an optician and gardener called Samuel grew corn on the plains around the castle , as well as wine on its southern terraces . After the hermitage ceased to exist the state owners , the Kinský dynasty , turned the complex into a romantic tourist attraction . Little has been preserved of the original structure on the elevated plateau , although the spaces sunk into the rock can be clearly seen today kike the dungeon , well , hermitage , passage and the terraced walkways . In the former prison , dungeon carvings have been preserved , which were dug out of the walls by former prisoners . Sloup has now become a romantic place for outings and occasionally candlelit concerts and historical jousting matches are held .
Richard Shirreff General Sir Alexander Richard David Shirreff KCB CBE ( born 1955 ) is the Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe . Early and personal life . Educated at Oundle School and Exeter College , Oxford , Richard Shirreff was commissioned into the 14th / 20th King ' s Hussars in 1976 as a second lieutenant on probation ( university cadetship ) on 3 September 1976 He was confirmed as a second lieutenant on probation and as a second lieutenant ( seniority from 1 February 1974 ) on 18 June 1977 and simultaneously promoted to lieutenant from the same date ( seniority from 1 February 1976 ) . Military career . Shirreff was promoted to captain on 1 August 1980 , and to major on 30 September 1987 . Having seen active service during the Gulf War in 1991 , Shirreff was promoted to lieutenant - colonel on 30 June 1992 , and was appointed Commanding Officer of the King ' s Royal Hussars in 1994 . He deployed his Regiment to Northern Ireland in 1995 . Promoted to colonel - Army Plans at the Ministry of Defence on 30 June of the following year , he was promoted to brigadier on 30 June 1998 and became Commander of 7th Armoured Brigade which was deployed to Kosovo . Shirreff was promoted to major - general on 9 May 2003 and became Chief of Staff at Land Command and in 2005 he became General Officer Commanding 3rd ( UK ) Mechanised Division which deployed as HQ Multinational Division South East in Iraq in July 2006 . In January 2007 he was appointed Commander of the Allied Rapid Reaction Corps , and was promoted to lieutenant - general on 13 December of that year . On 11 January 2010 , Shirreff gave evidence to The Iraq Inquiry . On 4 March 2011 he became Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe and was promoted to general . He is also currently the honorary colonel of the Royal Wessex Yeomanry and Oxford University OTC . Honours . He was awarded the Queen ' s Commendation for Valuable Service in November 1995 and appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in April 2001 and Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) in the 2010 New Year Honours .
Hans - Heinz Augenstein Hans - Heinz Augenstein ( 11 July 1921 – 7 December 1944 ) was a German " Luftwaffe " fighter and flying ace during World War II . A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat . Operating as a night fighter ace , he was credited with 46 victories , of which 45 were four - engine bombers . Career . Leutnant Augenstein first served with 3 . / NJG 1 during mid 1942 . He claimed his first victory on the night of 31 July - 1 August , a Vickers Wellington downed near Ahlhorn . In late 1942 , Augenstein transferred to 7 staffel . He claimed four victories on 27 – 28 May . In March 1944 Augenstein was made Staffelkapitän of 12 . / NJG 1 and awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross on 9 June 1944 . During 1944 Augenstein claimed 42 victories . On the night of 7 December 1944 , Augenstein ’ s Bf 110 G - 4 was shot down near Münster - Handorf by a Mosquito night fighter of the Fighter Interception Unit , flown by RAF ace F / L ER Hedgecoe DFC . Augenstein and his " Bordfunker " Gunther Steins were killed but his " Bordschütze " Uzz . Kurt Schmidt baled out unhurt . Hans - Heinz Augenstein was credited with 46 victories , all recorded at night and including 45 four - engine bombers .
Frank Robert Miller Air Chief Marshal Frank Robert Miller , CC , CBE , CD ( April 30 , 1908 – October 20 , 1997 ) was a Canadian airman , the last Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff in 1964 , the first Chief of the Defence Staff from 1964 until 1966 , and Deputy Minister of National Defence . Military career . Frank Robert Miller was born in Kamloops , British Columbia on April 30 , 1908 to Hedley Miller and his wife Mary . After completing his education at the University of Alberta ( where he gained a BSc ) Miller joined the Royal Canadian Air Force at Camp Borden on September 15 , 1931 . From May 1942 Miller commanded the Air Navigation School at Rivers , Manitoba . He then commanded the General Reconnaissance School on Prince Edward Island before moving to the Air Force Headquarters where he served as Director of Training Plans and Requirements . In 1944 Miller , by then an air commodore , was posted to England and on September 19 he took up command of RAF Bomber Command ' s No . 61 Base in North Yorkshire . No 61 Base was headquartered at Topcliffe and commanded the RAF establishments at Dalton , Dishforth and Wombleton . On November 9 Millar ' s command was redesignated No . 76 Base and Gamston in Nottinghamshire was added as a subordinate unit . On January 13 , 1945 Miller took up command of No . 63 Base which was responsible for RAF Leeming ( headquarters ) and RAF Skipton - on - Swale . After the war , Miller served in several senior positions in the Royal Canadian Air Force . From 1951 to 1954 Miller was Vice - Chief of the Air Staff and he was then posted to Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe as General Lauris Norstad ’ s Vice - Deputy Air . Gaining promotion to air marshal in 1955 he then retired from the RCAF at Prime Minister Louis St . Laurent ' s request to serve in the senior civil service position of Deputy Minister of National Defence , remaining in post until 1957 . He then became Deputy Commander - in - Chief NORAD . In 1960 he was appointed Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff gaining promotion to air chief marshal on 1 September 1961 . Three years later he become the first Chief of the Defence Staff , serving from 1964 until 1966 . In 1972 Miller was made a Companion of the Order of Canada . He died in 1997 . | -
Ellen Ainsworth Ellen Ainsworth ( born 1918 in Glenwood City , Wisconsin d . 1944 in Anzio , Italy ) was an officer in the United States Army during World War II . Ainsworth was awarded the Silver Star and the Purple Heart for her actions during Operation Shingle while serving with the Medical Corps , in which she ultimately gave her life . Subsequent memorials to her include a conference room named in her honor at The Pentagon and a dispensary named in her honor at Fort Hamilton . Ainsworth was the only woman serving the United States Armed Forces to be killed by enemy fire who was from Wisconsin during World War II .
Pingat Jasa Gemilang ( Tentera ) The Pingat Jasa Gemilang ( Tentera ) ( " Meritorious Service Medal ( Military ) " ) , is awarded to members of the Singapore Armed Forces for exceptionally distinguished performance or extraordinary service , or the furtherance of links with overseas forces . Recipients are entitled to use the post - nominal letters PJG The Pingat Jasa Gemilang is the civil equivalent award . Recipients . Singapore Australia Brunei United States France
Broniszów Castle Broniszów Castle ( ) is a castle in Broniszów , Gmina Kożuchów , within Nowa Sól County , Lubusz Voivodeship , in western Poland . Originally built in the twelfth century as a knight ' s castle , in the sixteenth / seventeenth century it was transformed into a court building . The Renaissance three - storey building built of brick and stone with neo - Gothic tower walls closed in the nineteenth century . Since 1986 the castle has held the Broniszów National Photographic Workshops .
China War Medal There were three medals issued by the British Government during the 19th Century for service in a series of wars in China fought by British and Imperial troops between 1840 and 1900 . They all shared the same reverse , a trophy of arms , and the same ribbon , 39mm crimson with deep yellow edges .
4th Military Information Support Group The 4th Military Information Support Group ( Airborne ) or 4th MISG ( A ) ( formerly the 4th Psychological Operations Group ( Airborne ) ( 4th PSYOP Group ( A ) or 4th POG ) ) is one of the United States Army ' s active military information support operations units alongside with the 8th Military Information Support Group , which was activated August 26 , 2011 at Fort Bragg . The 8th Group will assume responsibility for the 1st , 5th and 9th Military Information Support Battalion s . The 4th Group will retain responsibility for the 6th , 7th and 8th Battalion s , with a total of about 800 soldiers . On 21 June 2010 , an announcement was made that the military intends to rename psychological operations , or PSYOP , to Military Information Support Operations . The decision , made a few days earlier by Admiral Eric Olson , Commander , United States Special Operations Command and Army ' s Chief of Staff General George Casey , was propagated through a memo dated June 23 , 2010 . The unit is based at Fort Bragg , North Carolina and is a part of the United States Army Special Operations Command . The 4th POG was constituted November 7 , 1967 in the Regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Company , 4th Psychological Operations Group . Activated December 1 , 1967 in Vietnam . Inactivated October 2 , 1971 at Fort Lewis , Washington . Activated September 13 , 1972 at Fort Bragg . Organization . 4th MISG currently consists of a headquarters company and three regional military information support battalion s ( or MISBs ) . The 3rd MISB , which was formerly a part of the 4th MISG , is currently a separate unit directly subordinated to the Military Information Support Operations Command ( Airborne ) ( Provisional ) and provides both the 4th and the 8th MISGs with radio , television , digital - audio - visual and print assets for developing MISO products such as leaflets , poster s , handbills , newspapers , radio and television broadcasts . The three regional military information support battalion s are regionally oriented and support the regional combatant commands in the planning and production of MISO programs :
Herwald Ramsbotham , 1st Viscount Soulbury Herwald Ramsbotham , 1st Viscount Soulbury GCMG , GCVO , OBE , MC , PC ( 6 March 1887 – 30 January 1971 ) was a British Conservative politician . He was a government minister between 1931 and 1941 and served as Governor - General of Ceylon between 1949 and 1954 . Background . Ramsbotham was the son of Herwald Ramsbotham , of Crowborough Warren ( son of James Ramsbotham and Jane Fielden ) , and Ethel Margaret Bevan . Military career . Ramsbotham was commissioned a Temporary Lieutenant in 1915 and was promoted to temporary Captain later the same year . He was promoted to temporary Major by 1918 and received the Military Cross . He was appointed an OBE in 1919 and relinquished his commission that year . Political career . Ramsbotham was elected Member of Parliament ( MP ) for UK Parliament constituency in 1929 . In 1931 he was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education by Ramsay MacDonald , a post he retained when Stanley Baldwin became Prime Minister in June 1935 , and then served as Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries between November 1935 and July 1936 . In September 1936 he was made Minister of Pensions by Baldwin . He continued in this office when Neville Chamberlain became Prime Minister in May 1937 . In June 1939 he was appointed First Commissioner of Works and sworn of the Privy Council . Ramsbotham entered the cabinet in April 1940 as President of the Board of Education . He remained in this office after Winston Churchill became Prime Minister in May 1940 but was succeeded by R . A . Butler in July 1941 . In August he was raised to the peerage as Baron Soulbury , of Soulbury in the County of Buckingham , and made Chairman of the Assistance Board , a post he held until 1948 . Chairman of the Soulbury Commission 1944 - 45 . Between 1949 and 1954 he served as Governor - General of Ceylon . He was appointed a GCMG in 1949 and a GCVO on 20 April 1954 . On 10 June of that year , he was further honoured when he was created Viscount Soulbury , of Soulbury in the County of Buckingham . Family . Lord Soulbury died in January 1971 at the age of 83 . m . 1st 11 Nov 1911 Doris Violet de Stein ( d . 20 Feb 1954 ) ; m . 2nd 10 Nov 1962 Ursula Jerome ( d . 12 Nov 1964 ) He was succeeded in the viscountcy by his elder son James Herwald Rowbotham . His younger son Sir Peter Ramsbotham notably served as British Ambassador to the United States from 1974 to 1977 .
George P . Buell George Pearson Buell ( October 4 , 1833 – May 31 , 1883 ) was an American civil engineer and soldier . He served as a Union Army general during the American Civil War , and remained in the United States Army following the conflict . Early life and career . George P . Buell was born in Lawrenceburg , Indiana , in 1833 , a first cousin of future Union general Don Carlos Buell . He attended Norwich University in 1856 , and later became City Engineer of Leavenworth , Kansas . He then mined for gold and later was a civil engineer in Colorado . Civil War service . Buell chose to defend the Union cause and entered the volunteer ranks of his birth state in 1861 . On December 17 he was appointed to the rank of lieutenant colonel in the 58th Indiana Infantry . He was promoted to colonel on June 24 , 1862 . Buell led the 58th Indiana during the Battle of Perryville on October 8 . Buell then led his regiment during the Battle of Stones River in late December into January 1863 . During the fight he took over command of Brig . Gen . Milo S . Hascall ' s brigade when that officer was needed for division command , and Lt . Col . James T . Embree then led the 58th Indiana . After the battle Buell was given brigade command and led several different brigades in the Army of the Cumberland throughout 1863 and 1864 . He also led a brigade during the Battle of Chickamauga on September 19 – 20 , 1863 . On January 12 , 1865 , he was appointed a brevet brigadier general in the Union Army for his management of disassembled Federal pontoon trains used to construct pontoon bridges over waterways . Buell commanded various brigades ( and for two brief periods a division ) of the Army of Georgia for the remainder of the war . He led a brigade during the Battle of Bentonville on March 19 – 21 , consisting of the 13th Michigan Infantry , the 21st Michigan Infantry , and the 69th Ohio Infantry . The brigade suffered 205 casualties during this fight . Buell was mustered out of the volunteer service on July 25 . Postbellum . Buell elected to continue in the U . S . Army after the Civil War . He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in the regular army on July 28 , 1866 , in the 29th U . S . Infantry . Buell was appointed a brevet colonel on March 2 , 1867 , a reward for his performance in November 1863 at Missionary Ridge during the war , and a brevet brigadier general ( both in the Regular Army ) on that same date . On March 15 , 1869 , Buell was transferred to the 11th U . S . Infantry , and was promoted to colonel on March 20 , 1879 , in command of the 15th U . S . Infantry . He died in 1883 while on duty in Nashville , Tennessee , and is buried there at Mount Olivet Cemetery .
Muravey - class patrol boat The Muravey class is the NATO reporting name for a class of hydrofoil patrol boat s built for the Soviet Navy between 1983 and 1989 . The Soviet designation was " Project 133 Antares " . Design . The boats were designed as patrol vessels and were built in Feodosiya for the Black Sea Fleet . They are powered by gas turbines in contrast to diesel engines used for most other Soviet fast attack craft to achieve higher speeds . Ships . 16 boats were built for the Soviet Navy between 1983 and 1989 References . Also published as
Ulan - Ude Vostochny Airport Ulan - Ude Vostochny Airport ( also listed as Ulan Ude East ) is an airport in the Buryat Republic , Russia located 9 km east of Ulan Ude . It services medium - size airliners . The airfield served as a bomber staging base . There is considerable tarmac space , with three 400x125m tarmacs and a few alert revetments . It is home to the Ulan - Ude Aviation Plant , currently producing the Mil Mi - 17 & 171 helicopters and the Sukhoi Su - 25UB & Su - 39 attack aircraft .
Château de Buchenek The Château de Buchenek is a castle in the " commune " of Soultz - Haut - Rhin in the Haut - Rhin " département " of France . Dating from the second half of the 13th century , it was altered , possibly in the 14th century , and in the 16th century . The castle is first recorded in 1251 . The " logis " , of a rectangular plan , possibly still dates from this period at the lower level ; it was altered in the 14th century ( there is evidence of building work ) as well as in the second half of the 16th century ( Staircase tower ) . Restored after the Thirty Years ' War , the castle was sold as national property . In the 19th century it was used as a factory . Bought by the town in 1976 , the castle has had a significant restoration and , since 1990 , has housed the municipal museum . It has been listed since 1984 as a " monument historique " by the French Ministry of Culture .