naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
George Edwin Thomson Captain George Edwin Thomson DSO MC ( 19 September 1897 – 23 May 1918 ) was a World War I flying ace credited with 21 aerial victories . He was the second ranking ace of his squadron , and one of the leading Sopwith Camel aces . Early life and service . George Edwin Thomson was the son of James and Ellen Thomson , who were native to Glenfuccan , Helensburgh , Dumbartonshire , Scotland . He was born in Rangoon ( now Yangon ) , Burma ( now Myanmar ) on 19 September 1897 . Thomson came to the United Kingdom in order to join the King ' s Own Scottish Borderers . He transferred to the Royal Flying Corps in September 1916 . His appointment as a Flying Officer with the rank of temporary second lieutenant was dated 30 December 1916 . Flying service . Thomson was seriously injured during flight training ; the accident left him with lasting scars to his face . Nevertheless , he joined 46 Squadron during the summer of 1917 , to fly a Sopwith Pup . On 25 September 1917 , he scored his first victory flying Pup no . B2196 , destroying an enemy reconnaissance plane . Then 46 Squadron re - equipped with Sopwith Camels . On 30 November 1917 , Thomson used Camel no . B3514 to destroy an Albatros D . V and capture a Pfalz D . III . On 10 December , he drove down another D . V out of control , using Camel no . B2451 . He would not score again until 18 January 1918 , when he drove another two - seater down out of control , still using B2451 . In February , he would use Camel B9131 to drive down an Albatros two - seater . Then came March . He used four different Camels and reeled off fifteen victories within the month , including four on the 16th , three on the 23rd , and two on the 17th . The three on the 23rd brought his total to 21 . His tally included five enemy planes destroyed ; he shared one of these triumphs with fellow ace Sydney Smith . He also drove down fifteen enemy planes out of control ; one of these victories was also shared with Smith , and another with Horace Debenham . The remaining win was the captured Pfalz . Thomson was awarded the Military Cross on 22 April 1918 . The Distinguished Service Order followed on 22 June . Death . He was then transferred to the Home Establishment in England as an instructor . On 23 May 1918 , he took off from No . 7 Training Depot at Port Meadow , Oxford . His plane burst into flames and he died in the fiery crash . He was buried at Wolvercote Cemetery , Oxford . Honours and awards . Military Cross ( MC ) Distinguished Service Order ( DSO )
HMS Birdham ( M2785 ) HMS " Birdham " was one of 93 ships of the of inshore minesweepers . Their names were all chosen from villages ending in " - ham " . The minesweeper was named after Birdham in West Sussex . References . < br > References . < br > Many of these minesweepers were built in the 1950s to counter a perceived threat from Russian minelaying aircraft , and when built they were laid up ashore in specially constructed buildings , the Clyde base being in the Gareloch , the site still being used as a boat storage facility although the stores buildings and some of the storage sheds have been demolished ( 2009 ) . In the 1960s some boats were taken from storage and used for other purposes , many going to units of the RNXS ( Royal Naval Auxiliary Service ) which had evolved out of the RNMWS ( Royal Naval Minewatching Service ) : this was a part - time organisation manned by civilian crews . The ' X ' was used instead of an ' A ' so as to avoid confusion with a Royal Naval Air Station . Vessels used by the RNXS were referred to as XSV ( Auxiliary Service Vessel ) and had black painted hulls . Two vessels used in Scotland and Northern Ireland were the XSV Tongham and the XSV Birdham . During the summer of 1967 the Birdham was returning to the Clyde from a training cruise when she suffered an engine room fire off Lochranza . Campbeltown Lifeboat was called out and they called in to Lochranza to board the part - time Arran Fire Brigade who had all been on the golf course ! A new bulk carrier the " Gallic Bridge " was on trials nearby and stood by , providing additional extinguishers and taking off some crew members and a Navy helicopter attended . The engine room of the wooden - hulled craft was sealed , starving the fire of oxygen , and the craft towed to Great Harbour Greenock where the Fire Brigade attended and made the vessel safe . The skipper of the craft , Ian Crosbie was later awarded an MBE for Gallantry , the entry in the July 1968 London Gazette reading as follows : " Ian CROSBIE , Section Naval Auxiliary Officer , " R . N . Auxiliary Service . " Mr . Crosbie was Skipper of the XSV " Birdham " " during a training cruise when an electrical " " fire started in the engine room . Mr . Crosbie " " called a ship to his assistance and this vessel took " " off those members of " Birdham ' s " crew who " " were not required to fight the fire . Mr . Crosbie " " and four crew members then continued for four " " hours fighting the fire which was finally brought " " under control . The " Birdham " was then taken " " in tow and brought into Greenock eight hours " " after the fire had started . Mr . Crosbie displayed " " considerable courage in his handling of the fire " " in XSV " Birdham " , which is a wooden ship " " and where there was a serious danger of fuel " " explosion . He put himself at risk , saved his ship " a " nd brought the vessel safely to port . " XSV Birdham was subsequently repaired and continued in use with the RNXS until these craft were replaced by Fleet Tenders .
Military anti - shock trousers Military anti - shock trousers ( or Pneumatic Anti - Shock Garments ) are medical devices used to treat severe blood loss . They are also indicated for the stabilization of unstable pelvic fracture s in the field prior to transport . Usually called " MAST " , and sometimes " pneumatic anti - shock garments " ( PASG ) , they were invented by Lt . Col . Burton Kaplan during the Vietnam War . MAST look like a pair of trousers . They are opened and placed around the legs and pelvis of the patient . Each leg and the pelvic section may then be inflated , applying pressure to the lower half of the body The trousers can be used with sager traction splint s and dressings already in place . MAST are typically carried and used by emergency medical technician s and paramedic s , although they are sometimes carried by fire department first responder trucks , and , in some states , first responders can apply and inflate them under direct medical control . The exact way in which MAST help is uncertain . The most common theory is that the pressure decreases blood flow to the legs ( thus increasing availability of blood to the rest of the body ) and actually squeezes blood out of the lower body . It may be that increased perfusion to the brain and other organs also have indirect benefits . There is some controversy over use of MAST . One question is whether the increased peripheral vascular resistance may reduce cardiac output or rupture existing clots . Due to these questions and several human studies that have shown no advantage to patients with a high degree of blood loss above the pelvis , MAST trousers are being used much less often now than they were the 1980s and early 1990s . I . G . Roberts et al . sought to quantify the effect on mortality and morbidity of the use of MAST in patients following trauma , and published the data in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews .
Cape Romanzof LRRS Airport Cape Romanzof LRRS Airport is a military airstrip located six nautical miles ( 6 . 9 miles , 11 km ) southeast of Cape Romanzof , in the Wade Hampton Census Area of the U . S . state of Alaska . It is not open for public use . Overview . Cape Romanzof Airport is a United States Air Force military airstrip . Its mission is to provide access to the Cape Romanzof Long Range Radar Station for servicing and other requirements . The airstrip was constructed in 1951 during the construction of the Cape Romanzof Air Force Station . During the station ' s operational use as a manned radar station , it provided transportation for station personnel and for supplies and equipment to be airlifted to the station . With the manned radar station ' s closure in 1983 , the airstrip now provides access to the unattended site for maintenance personnel and other requirements . It is not staffed by any support personnel , and is not open to the public . During the winter months , it may be inaccessible due to the extreme weather conditions at the location . Facilities . Cape Romanzof LRRS Airport has one runway designated 2 / 20 with a gravel surface measuring 3 , 925 by 161 feet ( 1 , 196 x 49 m ) .
USS Gallup ( PGM - 85 ) USS " Gallup " ( PGM - 85 / PG - 85 ) was an acquired by the U . S . Navy for the task of high speed patrolling in shallow waterways . The third U . S . Navy ship to be named " Gallup " and the second to be named for Gallup , New Mexico , was laid down 27 April 1964 by Tacoma Boatbuilding Co . , Inc . , Tacoma , Washington ; launched 15 June 1965 ; sponsored by Mrs . Goodwin Chase ; and commissioned 22 October 1966 , Lt . William T . Spane , Jr . , in command . Pacific Ocean operations . From October 1966 until February 1967 , the motor gunboat conducted shakedown operations under Commander Amphibious Group 3 off the U . S . West Coast as far north as Juan de Fuca . On 28 March 1967 " Gallup " was reclassified " PG - 85 " . She served as a patrol and surveillance craft in the U . S . Pacific Fleet . Vietnam War operations . " Gallup " served in Vietnam while the war continued . Afterwards , she patrolled the Trust Territories of the Pacific . Decommissioning . " Gallup " was decommissioned 31 January 1977 and struck from the Navy List on 9 October 1984 . She was eventually scrapped in 2007 .
Wilds P . Richardson Wilds Preston Richardson ( Hunt County , Texas , 20 March 1861 – 20 May 1929 ) was an officer of the United States Army notable for being an explorer and geographer of Alaska in the early decades of the 20th century . During World War I he was promoted to the rank brigadier general and , because of his cold weather experience , sent to lead the Polar Bear Expedition , part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War . Richardson retired after the war and died in Washington , D . C . in 1929 . Biography . Richardson was born on 20 March 1861 to Oliver P . and Hester F . ( Wingo ) Richardson in Hunt County , Texas . After attending schools in that county , the younger Richardson received an appointment to attend the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1880 . After graduation in 1884 , Richardson was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 8th Cavalry Regiment , serving in California and other western posts . Richardson was promoted to first lieutenant in 1889 , and joined the faculty at West Point three years later . In 1897 , Richardson was sent to Alaska to begin what would be a twenty - year stay . Initially in charge of scouting locations and supervising construction of military installations , in 1905 Richardson was appointed head of the War Department ' s Alaska Road Commission , which oversaw federal road construction projects in the territory . His major project was the completion of a road from Valdez to Fairbanks , later named the Richardson Highway in his honor . After the entry of the United States into World War I , Richardson — promoted to brigadier general in August 1917 — was assigned to command the 78th Infantry Brigade of the 39th Infantry Division at Camp Beauregard , Louisiana , in March 1918 . Arriving at Brest , France , on 3 September 1918 , Richardson ' s unit participated in the closing stages of the war . After the Armistice , General John J . Pershing assigned Richardson — because of his Alaskan cold - weather experience — to the Polar Bear Expedition in Murmansk . Returning to the U . S . in October 1919 , Richardson reverted to the rank of colonel and retired the following October . Richardson lived the remainder of his years at the Army and Navy Club in Washington , D . C . ; he died at Walter Reed Hospital on 20 May 1929 and was buried at West Point . Legacy . The U . S . Army post established near Anchorage , Alaska , in 1940 was named Fort Richardson in his honor . The Valdez - Fairbanks Trail , surveyed under his supervision in 1904 , was named the Richardson Trail to honor him . In World War II , the U . S . Navy transport ship was named in his honor .
Fredericia Fredericia ( ) is a town located in Fredericia municipality in the eastern part of the Jutland peninsula in Denmark , in a sub - region known locally as " Trekanten " , or " The Triangle " . It was founded in 1650 by Frederick III , after whom it was named . The city itself has a population of 39 , 914 ( 1 January 2013 ) and the Fredericia municipality has a population of 50 , 193 ( 2012 ) . History . After the devastation caused by the Thirty Years ' War in a largely unfortified Jutland , King Christian IV realized the necessity of building a strong fortress in Jutland , and decided that this project could be combined with his plans for building a large town in Jutland . A fortified encampment was built on a point of land called Lyngs Odde , near the current location of Fredericia , with a rampart stretching to either side of the point , thus protecting the encampment from attacks . However , the fortifications were not perfect , and when Swedish Field Marshal Lennart Torstenson invaded Jutland , he was able to break through the ramparts . It was Frederick III who was finally able to complete the plans for the fortification , also adding a flank fortification on nearby Bers Odde as suggested by Danish Imperial Marshal Anders Bille . On 15 December 1650 , the King signed the document giving the town its first privileges , and work on the new fortifications could begin . In 1651 , the town was named Frederiksodde ( Frederick ' s Point ) after the king , and on 22 April 1664 , it was given the new Latinized name of Fredericia . Every 6 July , the town of Fredericia holds a festival to commemorate the 1849 Battle of Fredericia , fought during the First War of Schleswig , in which Danish troops won a victory over the Schleswig - Holstein rebels who were laying siege to the town . Fredericia ' s landmark , " Landsoldaten " , was unveiled on 6 July 1858 . Present . The municipality today is part of the East Jutland metropolitan area with 1 . 2M inhabitants , and is the site of Fredericia municipality ' s municipal council . . The town is one of Denmark ' s largest traffic hubs . The town is a major barracks , home to the Royal Danish Army ' s army ' s Signals Regiment ( " Telegrafregimentet " ) , which is located at Rye ' s Barracks ( " Ryes Kaserne " ) and Bülow ' s Barracks ( " Bülows Kaserne " ) .
Near Field Infrared Experiment The Near Field Infrared Experiment ( NFIRE ) is a satellite which was proposed and developed by the Missile Defense Agency , a division of the United States Department of Defense . It was launched atop a Minotaur rocket , from Wallops Island , at 06 : 48 GMT on 24 April 2007 . Though primarily designed to gather data on exhaust plumes from rockets , the satellite was also intended to contain a kill vehicle similar to kinds intended for the Strategic Defense Initiative . A missile was then to be fired at and nearly miss the instrumented kill vehicle . This feature was later removed . NFIRE was funded by $ 44 million in FY2004 . In 2004 , the United States House of Representatives instructed the Missile Defense Agency , MDA , to remove the kill vehicle from the planned 2006 NFIRE launch , approving $ 68 million in FY2005 subject to that condition . The Senate Appropriations Committee reviewing the NFIRE program , however , urged the MDA to return the missile defense interceptor ( kill vehicle ) to the originally scheduled test , despite the controversial perception of this leading to the deployment of weapons in space . The committee , which approved $ 13 . 7 million for the NFIRE program in FY06 , told the MDA to “ complete development and mission integration of the deployable NFIRE Kill Vehicle . ” The MDA has removed the kill vehicle portion of the planned test , saying it posed a risk of technical failure , and replaced it with a laser communications payload .
John Dempsey ( Medal of Honor ) John Dempsey ( born 1848 , date of death unknown ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Biography . Born in 1848 in Ireland , Dempsey immigrated to the United States and joined the U . S . Navy from Massachusetts . By January 23 , 1875 , he was serving as a seaman on the . On that day , while " Kearsarge " was at Shanghai , China , he jumped overboard and rescued a shipmate from drowning . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor . Dempsey ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Kearsarge " at Shanghai , China , 23 January 1875 . Displaying gallant conduct , Dempsey jumped overboard from the " Kearsarge " and rescued from drowning one of the crew of that vessel .
Battle of Stromboli The naval Battle of Stromboli took place on 8 January 1676 during the Franco - Dutch War between a French fleet of 20 ships under Abraham Duquesne and a combined fleet of 19 Dutch and one Spanish ship under Lieutenant - Admiral - General Michiel de Ruyter that lasted eight hours and ended inconclusively . The fleets fought again at the Battle of Augusta . large convoy Order of battle . Netherlands / Spain ( Michiel de Ruyter ) . First Squadron . Possibly should be 1 more large Dutch ship
Frederick Bell Frederick William Bell VC ( 3 April 1875 – 28 April 1954 ) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Bell was born on 3 April 1875 in Perth , Western Australia . He was 26 years old , and a lieutenant in the West Australian Mounted Infantry , Australian Forces during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . For many years the Queens & Kings South Africa medal pair awarded to Fred Bell were missing from his group . He had apparently sold these to raise beer money on a night out in Bristol in 1914 . The two missing medals eventually turned up in the mid - 1980s in Ormskirk , Lancashire . These were bought by Alan Thomas ( Medals of England ) and via auction were reunited with the VC which was then with the family in Perth , Western Australia . Frederick Bell died on 28 April 1954 , and was buried in Canford Cemetery , Bristol , England . His Victoria Cross and the long lost Boer War campaign medals are now on display at the Western Australian Museum , Perth . The Frederick Bell ward at the former Repatriation General Hospital , Hollywood was named in his honour .
811th Bombardment Squadron The 811th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 472d Bombardment Group . It was inactivated at Clovis Army Air Field , New Mexico on 1 April 1944 . History . Established in mid - 1943 to provide B - 29 Superfortress crew training . Trained with both B - 17s and B - 29s . Inactivated in April 1944 with the dissolution of combat crew training .
285th Civil Engineering Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 285th Civil Engineering Squadron ( 285 CES ) is an Air National Guard civil engineering unit located at St Croix ANGS . It is in a two - year transition period to a Prime Base Engineer Emergency Force mission . History . On 7 May 1980 the 285th Combat Communications Flight ( CMBTCF ) was established , creating the first unit of the Virgin Islands Air National Guard . The flight was upgraded to a squadron in 1996 and made a name for itself following the devastation of Hurricane Hugo to the region in 1989 , when the unit and its installation became the heart of recovery operations for St . Croix . Over the years , the unit has been involved in several contingency operations , to include Joint Endeavor , Uphold Democracy , Joint Forge , and both Iraqi and Enduring Freedom . On 3 March 2012 the unit was redesignated a Civil Engineering Squadron after losing its communications mission . Decorations . Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
Ahlspiess The Ahlspiess ( or awl pike ) was a thrusting spear developed and used primarily in Germany and Austria from the 15th to 16th centuries . The ahlspiess consisted of a long thin spike of square cross section measuring a metre ( 39 inches ) or more in length , mounted to a round wooden shaft and secured with a pair of langets extending from the socket . The length of the shaft ranged from 1 . 6 to 1 . 8 m . ( 5 – 6 feet ) , and located at the base of the spike was a rondel guard ( a circular metal plate ) to protect the hands . Large numbers of these weapons have survived and are kept in the arsenal and museums of Vienna as well as the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Some ahlspiesse have thicker spikes which are round and much shorter than the usual form . These are seen in 14th century illustrations suggesting that they may have been the precursors of the longer type which came later . These shorter forms are also known by the Italian term candeliere which refers to a round candlestick of the period that had in the center a small pricket or spike that held the candle in place . An excavated and partially restored candeliere is present in the collection of the castle of Grandson in Switzerland . There were also forms of the ahlspiess which lacked a rondel guard and these were known as breach pikes . The ahlspiess is depicted in numerous pieces of medieval art , including a scene from the " Très Belles Heures " , a French religious Book of Hours of around 1400 . Another is portrayed in a woodcut from the " Nuremberg Chronicle " of 1493 , depicting the Red Sea drowning Pharaoh ' s army which is shown carrying a variety of staff weapons including halberd s , flails and military fork s as well as an ahlspiess . A third is from the emperor Maximilian ' s book " Der Weisskunig " of the early 16th century in an illustration entitled " The Battle Against the Blue Company " and is shown being carried by a Swiss soldier . The ahlspiess was used in other countries as well , including England , and was a popular weapon along with the pollaxe in tournament foot combat among armour ed knight s .
ASM - N - 8 Corvus The ASM - N - 8 Corvus was an anti - radiation missile developed by Temco Aircraft for the United States Navy . History . In April 1955 , the U . S . Navy planned the acquisition of a long - range air - to - surface missile armed with a nuclear warhead . This weapon should be carried by the carrier - based North American A3J Vigilante and Douglas A4D Skyhawk . This missile was named ASM - N - 8 Raven . Later that year , the project was changed to a nuclear armed anti - radar missile , and renamed Corvus . Temco Aircraft was awarded a development contract in January 1957 . The first flight of an XASM - N - 8 missile occurred in July 1959 . By March 1960 , fully guided flights had been made at the Pacific Missile Test Center at Point Mugu , California . However , the program was cancelled in July 1960 , when the overall responsibility for long - range nuclear air - to - surface missiles was transferred to the United States Air Force , which had no use for the " Corvus " missile . Specifications . The XASM - N - 8 had two delta wings and cruciform tailfins for flight stability and control . It was powered by a Thiokol liquid - fueled rocket , which gave it a range of 315 km for high - altitude launches and 185 km for low - altitude launches . Normally the missile would use a passive radar seeker and home on shore - based and ship - based radars . It could also home on non - radiating targets which were illuminated by a radar of the launching aircraft . The " Corvus " missile was to be armed with a W - 40 nuclear warhead of 10 kt yield .