naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Harold Bascom Durham , Jr . Harold Bascom Durham , Jr . ( October 12 , 1942 – October 17 , 1967 ) was a United States Army officer and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Vietnam War . Biography . Durham joined the Army from Atlanta , Georgia in 1964 , and by October 17 , 1967 was serving as a second lieutenant in Battery C , 6th Battalion , 15th Artillery Regiment , 1st Infantry Division . During the Battle of Ong Thanh , Durham repeatedly exposed himself to hostile fire in order to direct artillery fire despite severe wounds . He was killed during the battle and posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions . Durham , aged 25 at the time of his death , is buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery , Tifton , Georgia . Medal of Honor citation . Second Lieutenant Durham ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : 2d Lt . Durham , Artillery , distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the cost of his life above and beyond the call of duty while assigned to Battery C . 2d Lt . Durham was serving as a forward observer with Company D , 2d Battalion , 28th Infantry during a battalion reconnaissance - in - force mission . At approximately 1015 hours contact was made with an enemy force concealed in well - camouflaged positions and fortified bunkers . 2d Lt . Durham immediately moved into an exposed position to adjust the supporting artillery fire onto the insurgents . During a brief lull in the battle he administered emergency first aid to the wounded in spite of heavy enemy sniper fire directed toward him . Moments later , as enemy units assaulted friendly positions , he learned that Company A , bearing the brunt of the attack , had lost its forward observer . While he was moving to replace the wounded observer , the enemy detonated a Claymore mine , severely wounding him in the head and impairing his vision . In spite of the intense pain , he continued to direct the supporting artillery fire and to employ his individual weapon in support of the hard pressed infantrymen . As the enemy pressed their attack , 2d Lt . Durham called for supporting fire to be placed almost directly on his position . Twice the insurgents were driven back , leaving many dead and wounded behind . 2d Lt . Durham was then taken to a secondary defensive position . Even in his extremely weakened condition , he continued to call artillery fire onto the enemy . He refused to seek cover and instead positioned himself in a small clearing which offered a better vantage point from which to adjust the fire . Suddenly , he was severely wounded a second time by enemy machine gun fire . As he lay on the ground near death , he saw two Viet Cong approaching , shooting the defenseless wounded men . With his last effort , 2d Lt . Durham shouted a warning to a nearby soldier who immediately killed the insurgents . 2d Lt . Durham died moments later , still grasping the radio handset . 2d Lt . Durham ' s gallant actions in close combat with an enemy force are in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself , his unit , and the U . S . Army .
MV Cape Kennedy ( T - AKR - 5083 ) MV " Cape Kennedy " ( T - AKR 5083 ) is one of the United States Military Sealift Command ' s 27 Roll - on / Roll - off Ships and one of the 44 Ready Reserve Force ( RRF ) ships in the Sealift Program Office .
USS Cygnus ( AF - 23 ) USS Cygnus ( AF - 23 ) was an " Cygnus " - class cargo ship acquired by the U . S . Navy for service in World War II , named after the constellation Cygnus . She was responsible for delivering necessary goods and equipment to ships and stations in the war zone . " Cygnus " ( AF - 23 ) was built as in 1925 by Cammell Laird , Birkenhead , England ; acquired by the Navy 12 August 1942 ; and commissioned 11 August 1942 , Lieutenant Commander W . W . Williamson , USNR , in command . World War II Pacific Theatre operations . After sailing in convoy to Pearl Harbor and back between 4 September and 24 September 1942 , " Cygnus " cleared San Francisco , California , 10 October and arrived in Auckland , New Zealand , 3 November . Until 5 January 1944 she operated on a regular run carrying chilled meats and vegetables from Auckland to the American bases at Tongatapu , Tonga Islands ; Pago Pago , American Samoa ; Bora Bora , Society Islands ; Cook Island ; and Funafuti , Ellice Islands . Between 18 January 1944 and 9 September 1945 she sailed on similar duty from Auckland and Napier , New Zealand , to Espiritu Santo and Efate , New Hebrides , the Solomon Islands ; and Nouméa , New Caledonia . End - of - war activity . After a west coast overhaul , " Cygnus " sailed via Pearl Harbor to discharge cargo at Okinawa in December 1945 . Arriving at Manus , Admiralty Islands , 3 January 1946 , she operated out of this port on cargo duty to Nouméa , Espiritu Santo , and American Samoa until 13 March when she returned to the U . S . West Coast and then sailed for New York , arriving 2 July . Post - war decommissioning . " Cygnus " was decommissioned 18 July 1946 and transferred to the War Shipping Administration for disposal the same day .
Alcmaeon , son of Megacles Alcmaeon ( Gr . ) , son of the Megacles who was guilty of sacrilege with respect to the followers of Cylon , was invited by Croesus , king of Lydia , to Sardis in consequence of the services he had rendered to an embassy sent by Croesus to consult the Delphic oracle . On his arrival at Sardis , Croesus made him a present of so much gold that he couldn ' t carry it all out of the treasury . Alcmaeon took the king at his word by putting on a most capacious dress , the folds of which ( as well as the vacant space of a pair of very wide boots , also provided for the occasion ) he stuffed with gold , and then filled his mouth and hair with gold dust . Croesus laughed at the trick , and presented him with as much again . This was supposed to have taken place around 590 BC . The wealth thus acquired is said to have contributed greatly to the subsequent prosperity of the Alcmaeonidae . Alcmaeon was a breeder of horses for chariot races , and on one occasion gained the prize in a chariot - race at Olympia . According to Plutarch , he commanded the Athenians in the First Sacred War , which began in 596 BC .
HMS Orpheus ( S11 ) HMS " Orpheus " was an " Oberon " class submarine of the Royal Navy built at Vickers , Barrow - in - Furness . She was launched on 17 November 1959 . " Orpheus " attended the 1977 Silver Jubilee Fleet Review off Spithead when she was part of the Submarine Flotilla . She was in harbour service in 1987 and was broken up in 1994 .
William McKenzie Thomson William McKenzie Thomson MC , DFC ( 15 September 1898 – 9 July 1987 ) was a Canadian First World War flying ace , officially credited with 26 victories . Text of citations . Military Cross . " T . / Lt . William MacKenzie Thomson , R . A . F . For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty on offensive patrols . In five days he destroyed as many enemy machines . He showed fine determination to close with the enemy , and set a splendid example of enterprise and gallantry . " Distinguished Flying Cross . " Lieut . William McKenzie Thomson , M . C . This officer has destroyed thirteen enemy machines , invariably displaying courage , determination and skill . Disparity in numbers never daunts him . On a recent occasion , in company with eight other machines , his formation was attacked by twenty - five scouts ; he shot one down . On another occasion his formation of ten machines engaged between twenty and thirty Fokkers ; in the combat that ensued this officer shot down one out of the four that were destroyed . "
Rudolf Peschel Rudolf Peschel ( 21 April 1894 – 30 June 1944 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Rudolf Peschel was killed on 30 June 1944 during the Vitebsk – Orsha Offensive .
Francisco Javier Arana Francisco Javier Arana ( December 5 , 1905 – July 18 , 1949 ) was one of the three leaders of the revolutionary junta that ruled Guatemala from 20 October 1944 to 15 March 1945 . Major Francisco Arana was the son of lower middle class parents of mixed Spanish and Indian blood . He lacked formal education , but he made up for it with an intellectually curious mind . He was well - read by the pitiful standards of the Guatemalan officers of his day and projected a charismatic image . Arana ’ s death was the pivotal event of the Guatemalan Revolution . His death opened the doors to the election of Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán , who would later implement Guatemala ’ s first agrarian reform . Árbenz would then be overthrown by the United States in June 1954 , thus ending the Revolution . On 20 October 1944 , the Guatemalan Revolution began with the overthrow of Federico Ponce . His rule was replaced by a three - man junta . The junta consisted of Major Arana , Captain Árbenz , and an upper - class civilian by the name of Jorge Toriello . However , Arana ’ s emergence as one of the leaders was termed as an “ accident ” for he joined the plot only in the later stages . The junta proposed free elections for a constituent assembly , a Congress , and a president . In 1945 , the Pacto del Barranco ( Pact of the Ravine ) was arranged between Arana and PAR , the most popular political party at the time . This pact was formed because of an accident that President Juan José Arévalo was involved in . He accidentally drove his car into a deep ravine which rendered him invalid for a long period of time . Afraid that Arana might take advantage of the situation , PAR promised to support his candidacy in the November 1950 presidential elections in exchange for his refrain from a military coup . This agreement was known to a very few people in Guatemala ; not even the American Embassy knew about this . It explained Arana ’ s unwillingness to join any movement against Arévalo . The truth was that he did not have any desire for a military coup . He wanted to be known as the democratic hero of the uprising against Ponce and he believed that the Pacto del Barranco would guarantee his position as a president elected by an admiring populace , not a usurper ruling through force .
OTR - 23 Oka The OTR - 23 Oka ( ; named after Oka River ) was a mobile theatre ballistic missile ( ) deployed by the Soviet Union near the end of the Cold War to replace the obsolete SS - 1C ' Scud B ' . It carried the GRAU index 9K714 and was assigned the NATO reporting name SS - 23 Spider . The introduction of the Oka significantly strengthened Soviet theatre nuclear capabilities as its range and accuracy allowed it not only to strike hardened NATO targets such as airfields , nuclear delivery systems , and command centers , but moving targets as well . It also had a fast reaction time , being able to fire in approximately five minutes , and was nearly impossible to intercept , thereby allowing it to penetrate defenses . The main components of the 9K714 system were : The operational life of the Oka was limited and controversial . The Soviet military asserted that the Oka only had a maximum range of 250 miles ( 400 km ) . American experts on the contrary estimated it had a greater range . In 1987 , Mikhail Gorbachev proposed to George Schultz that he would unilaterally remove all Okas , if it would prevent the United States from building up its own short - range nuclear forces in Europe , despite the fact that the Soviet military was in favor of the Oka . Schultz however lacked the authority to act on the suggestion . Gorbachev included the Oka in the class of systems to be discontinued as part of the INF Treaty as a gesture of goodwill , even though Soviet assertions of its maximum range did not put it outside of the specifications of the treaty . There was diplomatic controversy over this weapons system in April 1990 when the Soviets informed the US of their covert transfer of at least 120 missiles to the Warsaw Pact states of Czechoslovakia , Bulgaria , and East Germany during the time of negotiation of the Intermediate - Range Nuclear Forces Treaty . Evidence indicates that the missiles were transferred with conventional warheads only , although equipment to load Soviet nuclear warheads was apparently retained . Missile Variants . In addition to these warheads , the SS - 23 was also reported to be able to deliver chemical munitions .
12 cm / 45 10th Year Type naval gun The 12 cm / 45 10th Year Type naval gun was a Japanese high - angle weapon introduced after World War I , derived from the 12 cm / 45 3rd Year Type naval gun . It served as the secondary armament in a number of Japanese aircraft carriers and cruiser s between the wars and as the primary armament in smaller ships .
Heu - Aktion Heu - Aktion was the name of an Nazi German operation where 40 , 000 to 50 , 000 Polish , Belarusian and Ukrainian children aged 10 to 14 were kidnap ped by the German military and transported to Germany as slave labourers . The term " heu - aktion " means " collective harvesting of hay " . After arriving in Germany , the children were handed over to Organisation Todt and the Junkers works . The intention of the mass abduction was to pressure the adult populations of the occupied territories to register as workers in the Reich , and to weaken the “ biological strength ” of the areas of the Soviet Union which Germany had invaded . Alfred Rosenberg , head of the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories , originally feared that targeting younger children would be seen as simple abduction , and proposed instead kidnapping older children aged 15 to 17 . However , the actions of the German 9th Army induced him to consent to the kidnapping of younger children . The children were transferred to special camps for children called " Kindererziehungslager , " where the Germans selected children whose racial traits made them suitable for Germanization . Children considered racially unsuitable were sent either to forced labour or to concentration camp s , including Auschwitz , after the destruction of their birth certificates . The children were kidnapped by the Army Group Centre and the 2nd Army , whose Chief of Staff , Henning von Tresckow , signed the order to abduct the children on 28 June 1944 . The operation reached its peak in 1944 , but due to the outcome of the war the kidnappings were not fully carried out . Post war . The Nuremberg Trials classified the kidnapping of children as part of the Nazi program of systemic genocide .
Tirailleurs indochinois The Tirailleurs indochinois ( ) were soldiers of several regiments of local ethnic Indochinese infantry organized as Tirailleurs by the French colonial authorities , initially in Vietnam from 15 March 1880 . The most notable and first of these units were the Tonkinese Rifles ( French : " Tirailleurs tonkinois " , Vietnamese : " Quân đoàn bộ binh Bắc Kỳ " ) . In the early days of the unit the charge was often made that the Lính tập were prone to desertion . However the regiments formalized and became a formidable force . On 10 February 1930 fifty soldiers of the Tonkinese Rifles rose in support of the VNQDD in the Yen Bai mutiny , which was quickly suppressed but resulted in increased recruitment of non - Vietnamese soldiers . In 1945 Lính tập regiments offered resistance to the Japanese occupation of Vietnam , the " 3e RTT " ( ) offering fierce resistance but being annihilated . Other Vietnamese soldiers fought at the Battle of the Meuse . Regiments . The regiments were founded in each of the territories of Tonkin , Annam and Cambodia .
Air Force Museum of New Zealand The Air Force Museum of New Zealand , formerly called The Royal New Zealand Air Force Museum , is located at Wigram , the RNZAF ' s first operational base , in Christchurch , in the South Island of New Zealand . It opened on 1 April 1987 , the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the RNZAF , and is primarily a museum of the Royal New Zealand Air Force , its predecessor , the New Zealand Permanent Air Force and New Zealand squadrons of the Royal Air Force . The Air Force Museum of New Zealand ' s mission is to preserve and present the history of New Zealand military aviation for commemoration , learning , inspiration and enjoyment . The Museum holds the national collection of the Royal New Zealand Air Force . The collection includes objects covering the early days of New Zealand military aviation both prior to World War I and during this major conflict , the interwar years which saw the formation of the RNZAF in 1937 , New Zealanders who fought in the RAF and in other Allied air forces during World War II , the RNZAF ’ s campaign in the Pacific , and the post - war period to the present day . The collection also includes objects from former enemy forces , aircraft , aircraft components , aircraft engines , large objects , textiles , art and memorabilia as well as an extensive paper and photographic archive . The Museum is free admission . Visitors can take a " Restoration Tour " through ' behind the scenes ' areas of the Museum including the Restoration and Reserve Collection hangars . The Museum currently has three aircraft restoration projects ; the p - 40 Curtiss Kittyhawk , the Airspeed Oxford , and the Vicker ' s Vildebeest . The Museum has also has a Mosquito Flight Simulator , which features a mission based on the Allied bombing of German battleships in the Norwegian fiords .
Frederick Dobson Middleton General Sir Frederick Dobson Middleton KCMG , CB ( 4 November 1825 – 25 January 1898 ) was a British general noted for his service throughout the Empire and particularly in the North - West Rebellion . Military career . Educated at Maidstone Grammar School and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst , Middleton was commissioned into the 58th Regiment of Foot in 1842 . He served in the New Zealand Wars and in 1845 , he was mentioned in dispatches for his part in the capture of the stronghold of Māori chief Te Ruki Kawiti . In 1848 he transferred to the 96th Regiment of Foot in India and took part in the suppression of the Indian Mutiny in which campaign he was recommended for , but not actually awarded , the Victoria Cross . He went on to be Commandant of the Royal Military College Sandhurst in 1879 . He was appointed General Officer Commanding the Militia of Canada in 1884 . In 1885 the North - West Rebellion took place and Middleton had to respond . Despite a defeat at the Battle of Fish Creek , his cautious approach reached Batoche , Saskatchewan where the Métis surrendered after three days ' bombardment . For his service in the war , Middleton was knight ed by Queen Victoria in 1885 . He also received the thanks of Parliament and the sum of $ 20 , 000 . He resigned as head of the Militia in 1890 when a select committee of the House of Commons criticized him for the misappropriation of furs from a Métis named Charles Bremner during the resistance . Family . Frederick Dobson Middleton married , as his first wife , Mary Emily Hassall . He married in February 1870 as his second wife , Marie Cecile Eugénie Doucet , daughter of Theodore Doucet , N . P . , of Montreal . She was born in Montreal in 1846 , and was educated at the Convent of the Sacred Heart , Sault - au - Recollet . The couple had two sons and a daughter . She died at Tateley , Hants , England , 1 November 1899 .
Umar Hassan Umar Hassan or Omar Hassan is current Commander of Operation Zone 3 for the African nation Eritrea . The country has Five Operation Zones , each headed by a high - ranking military official . These zones overlap the six administrative regions . The power of the Operation Zone commanders supersedes that of the administrators who head the 6 regions .
William D . Houser William Douglas Houser ( November 11 , 1921 – February 5 , 2012 ) was a former United States Navy officer who later served as a telecommunications executive . Naval career . Houser joined the United States Navy in 1941 and fought in World War II . His military career began aboard USS " Nashville " ( CL - 43 ) in 1941 . In 1944 the vessel was subject to a kamikaze attack that killed 131 people and injured many others . After World War II he became a naval aviator . He soon rose through the ranks to become operations officer and an executive officer of Fighter Squadron One - L . In the Korean War Houser was assigned as commander of Fighter Squadron 44 and was awarded a Bronze star for his combat skills . He also fought in the Korean War as commander of a fighter squadron . After Korea he was with Air Development Squadron Three and later commanded Fighter Squadron 124 , which was the Navy ’ s largest at the time . He also fought in the Vietnam War , serving in 1966 as commander of the Kitty Hawk - class aircraft carrier USS " Constellation " . His Vietnam service earned him the Legion of Merit . He served as a member of the joint staff of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1960 to 1962 and again from 1967 to 1968 . He was military assistant to the Secretary of Defense from 1962 to 1963 , Director of Aviation Plans and Requirements of the United States Navy from 1968 to 1970 , Commander of Carrier Division Two of the U . S . Atlantic and Mediterranean Fleets from 1970 to 1972 , and Deputy Chief of Naval Operations from 1972 to 1976 . In 1972 Houser was promoted to Vice Admiral . He retired from military service in 1976 . During Houser ’ s time in non - combat positions he was responsible for keeping on the F - 14 fighter aircraft , which was at risk of termination . Telecommunications career . After his military service he pursued a career in the telecommunications industry . This began as director of satellite interconnection for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting from 1976 to 1979 . He then moved on to serve as director of special projects of the Communications Satellite Corporation from 1979 to 1981 and Vice President from 1981 to 1984 . He then went on to serve as President of Packet Tech ( 1984 – 1986 ) , the Fort Scott Corporation ( 1986 – 1988 ) , Interfax ( 1989 – 1991 ) , and COM21 ( 1991 – 1994 ) . While at COMSAT in 1980 and working on a business plan for telecommunications satellite parks , Admiral Houser created the word " teleport . " Education . Houser received a B . S . from the United States Naval Academy in 1941 , an M . S . from George Washington University in 1963 and also studied at the University of Maryland , College of Special & Continuation Studies , the Naval War College , and Harvard University . Organizations and clubs . Houser is a member of the Bohemian Club of San Francisco , California . Death . Houser died on February 5 , 2012 . He had had Alzheimer ’ s disease and pneumonia . References . " This article contains content from Hierarchypedia article William D . Houser , used here under the GNU Free Documentation License . "
Operation Stampede 3 Operation Stampede 3 was a U . S . military operation conducted in Baghdad , Iraq , in July 2007 to try and correct the security situation . Background . During Operation Stampede 3 , which was conducted by the 3rd Brigade Combat Team , two large caches of ordnance were uncovered that could have been used to make a number of Improvised Explosive Device s ( IED ) s , more than 80 mortar rounds , 10 rockets , 15 pounds of plastic explosives , several artillery rounds , fuses , blasting caps and other components to be used to make IEDs . Operation Stampede 3 was a sub - operation of Operation Marne Torch and Operation Phantom Thunder .