naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Harry Robinson ( aviator ) Captain Harry Noel Cornforth Robinson was a World War I flying ace credited with 10 aerial victories . After winning the Military Cross and " Croix de guerre " , he remained in service postwar , winning the Distinguished Flying Cross in Iraq . World War I . Robinson joined the Royal Flying Corps in March 1917 . He was posted to 46 Squadron , and began his combat career with ground attack missions in France . It would be 28 December before he scored his first victory , being responsible for capturing a German reconnaissance plane . After scoring six more victories during four days in March , on 28 March 1918 temporary second lieutenant H . N . C . Robinson was appointed a Flight Commander , with an accompanying promotion to temporary captain . He was also awarded the Military Cross that day . His MC was gazetted on 3 May 1918 : He scored two more victories as a Flight Commander after being reassigned to 70 Squadron . Post World War I . Robinson remained in the Royal Air Force after the war , and was one of the fliers posted to maintain control in Iraq . For his actions there , on 28 October 1921 , Robinson was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross : On 24 October 1923 , Robinson was granted a permanent commission as a Flying Officer . After that , he disappears into the mists of time . List of aerial victories . All but the last two victories were won while with 46 Squadron ; the remainder were won while with 70 Squadron . See also . Aerial victory standards of World War I
David Ogilvy , 12th Earl of Airlie Colonel David Lyulph Gore Wolseley Ogilvy , 12th and 7th Earl of Airlie , KT , GCVO , MC ( 18 July 1893 , County Tipperary – 28 December 1968 ) was a Scottish peer , soldier and courtier . He was the eldest son of David Ogilvy , 11th Earl of Airlie and his wife , Mabell , Countess of Airlie . He inherited his father ' s titles in 1900 and was one of the trainbearers to Mary of Teck at her coronation in 1911 . He became a Representative Peer for Scotland in 1922 , was appointed a Lord - in - Waiting in Stanley Baldwin ' s government in 1926 and was made KCVO in 1929 . In 1937 , he became Lord Lieutenant of Angus and was appointed Lord Chamberlain to Queen Elizabeth in 1937 . As a senior member of the royal household , he was a leading guest at the 1947 wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip , Duke of Edinburgh . In 1938 , he was elevated to GCVO , made a Knight of the Thistle in 1942 and was appointed Chancellor of the Order of the Thistle in 1956 . Marriage . On 17 July 1917 , Lord Airlie married Lady Alexandra Coke ( the second daughter of Thomas Coke , 3rd Earl of Leicester ) and they had six children : Military career . Lord Airlie was commissioned into the 10th Hussars from the Royal Military College , Sandhurst , in 1912 . He reached the rank of Captain in the First World War , in which he won the Military Cross . He retired from the Regular Army in 1921 , but joined the 5th Battalion ( 4th / 5th Battalion from 1922 ) , Black Watch ( Territorial Army ) as a Major . He was Lieutenant - Colonel commanding from 1924 to 1929 , being promoted Colonel in 1928 . In 1940 he was commissioned Lieutenant - Colonel in the Scots Guards , reverting at his own request to the rank of Major until 1942 . He resigned his commission in 1948 . He was Commandant of the Army Cadet Forces , Scotland in 1943 . He was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Law ( LL . D ) by St . Andrews University , St . Andrews , Fife , Scotland , in 1958 . Sporting pursuits . Lord Airlie owned many racehorses , most notably the steeplechaser , Master Robert , which won the 1924 Grand National in the Earl ' s colours .
USS Eisele ( DE - 34 ) USS " Eisele " ( DE - 34 ) was an short - hull destroyer escort in the service of the United States Navy , named after Seaman Second Class George Raymond Eisele , killed in action on board the heavy cruiser on 12 November 1942 during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal . " Eisele " ( DE - 34 ) was launched on 29 June 1943 at Mare Island Navy Yard , Solano County , California , as BDE - 34 , by Mrs . George A . Eisele , mother of Seaman Second Class Eisele . Intended for the British under the Lend - Lease agreement , she was retained by the U . S . Navy and assigned the name " Eisele " ; and commissioned on 18 October 1943 , Lieutenant Commander E . C . Long in command . Service history . " Eisele " sailed from San Francisco on 11 December 1943 and after touching at Pearl Harbor and Funafuti , arrived in the Gilberts on 5 January 1944 . She patrolled off Tarawa and guarded convoys between the Gilberts and Marshalls , returning to Pearl Harbor on 19 May . In June she departed for Eniwetok and screened transports to Guam for support landings on 27 July . She continued to serve in the occupation of the Marianas on screen , convoy escort , and air - sea rescue duty . Returning to Pearl Harbor on 28 August 1944 , " Eisele " conducted training exercises with submarines until October when she sailed for Eniwetok . There she screened fast tanker convoys safely past the rest of the Carolines , still Japanese held , to Palau and on to the Philippines . In March 1945 " Eisele " arrived at Ulithi , the staging point for the Okinawa operation , and sailed on the 21st screening escort carriers providing the air cover to capture Okinawa . Except for escorting a convoy to Saipan , " Eisele " remained with the CVEs off Okinawa fighting off constant air attack . " Eisele " was homeward bound on 17 June , and was decommissioned at Seattle on 16 November 1945 . She was sold on 29 January 1948 .
Casus foederis Casus foederis alternatively spelled Casus fœderis is derived from the Latin for " case for the alliance " . In diplomatic terms , it describes a situation in which the terms of an alliance come into play , such as one nation being attacked by another . Historical examples . In the War of the Pacific , Bolivia invoked casus foederis to bring Peru into the war after Chile attacked Bolivia ' s coast . The war began on February 14 , 1879 when Chilean armed forces occupied the port city of Antofagasta , after a Bolivian threat to confiscate Chilean Antofagasta Nitrate Company ' s property . Peru attempted to mediate , but when Bolivia announced that a state of war existed , the situation deteriorated . Bolivia called on Peru to activate their mutual defense pact , whereas Chile demanded that Peru immediately declare its neutrality . On April 5 , after Peru resisted both demands , Chile declared war on both nations . The following day , Peru responded by acknowledging the casus foederis . In World War I , the treaties between Italy and Austria - Hungary , and Romania , which purported to require Italy and Romania to come to Austria ' s aid if Austria was attacked by another nation , were not honored by either Italy or Romania because , as Winston Churchill wrote , " the casus fœderis had not arisen " because the attacks on Austria had not been " unprovoked . " Also the Ottoman - German Alliance involving the Ottoman Empire and German Reich in World War I worked on this basis , as the Ottomans attacked Russian Black Sea ports on 28 October 1914 . Article 5 of the NATO Treaty governs mutual defense in the event of an attack on a member nation . This article has only been invoked once : on September 12 , 2001 , in response to the 9 / 11 attacks on the United States .
Jean - François Duclerc Jean - François Duclerc , Guadeloupe ? – Rio de Janeiro , 18 March 1711 ) was a French privateer and knight in the Order of Saint - Louis . He was born in Guadeloupe as son of Jean Duclerc . He started a career in the French Navy , first as captain of a fireship and then in command of a frigate . On 10 May 1710 he sailed from La Rochelle as commander of a small fleet to attack Rio de Janeiro . He had only six ships and 1 , 200 men at his disposal . At the end of August 1710 they reached Rio and tried to conquer the city . The raid was a disaster . The Portuguese were notified of their arrival , and had no difficulties in crushing the small force . 400 French were killed and 700 captured , including Duclerc . Despite of the failure , Duclerc was made a knight in the Order of Saint - Louis . On 18 March 1711 , Duclerc was assassinated in prison in mysterious circumstances by a group of masked men . In September 1711 , a much larger French force under Duguay - Trouin did succeed in conquering Rio de Janeiro and freeing the surviving prisoners from Duclerc ' s raid .
Operation Outreach Operation Outreach was the Australian Defence Force ' s ( ADF ) contribution to the Northern Territory National Emergency Response ( NTNER ) . The NTNER ( also referred to as " the intervention " ) is a package of changes to welfare provision , law enforcement , land tenure and other measures , introduced by the Australian under John Howard in 2007 to address child sexual abuse in Northern Territory Aboriginal communities . The package was the Federal government ' s response to the publication of " Little Children are Sacred " , a Territory government report that found neglect and abuse of Aboriginal children had reached crisis levels . It received bipartisan parliamentary support , but was criticized by some . Former Prime Minister Kevin Rudd had continued to support the response , whilst making some adjustments to its implementation . The current Prime Minister Julia Gillard has and continues to show her support . Role . ADF support to the NTNER , known as Joint Task Force ( JTF ) 641 , included supplying contracted trade services ( project management , engineering advice , construction and transport ) to set up eighteen new police stations and safe houses in five remote communities . The military force also provided outbound logistics ( linguistic and long - range communications support ) through the wet season to child health check teams .
Abergeldie Castle Abergeldie Castle is a four - floor tower house located near Crathie , Aberdeenshire , Scotland . It is protected as a category A listed building . History . The castle was built around 1550 by Sir Alexander Gordon of Midmar . During the first Jacobite rising in 1689 , the castle was garrisoned by Spanish troops under the command of General Hugh Mackay . The castle has been owned by the Gordon family since 1482 . From 1848 to 1970 , it was leased to the British royal family , being relatively close to Balmoral . Jamie Douglas Home ' s book ' Stately passions ' says that whilst it was originally leased to the Royal family it was bought by them in 1878 for £100 , 000 . The castle . The rectangular - plan tower measures around , with a round stair tower across at the south - west corner . In the early 19th century an ogee - roofed belfry was built at the top of the stair tower , and a Venetian window inserted in the south façade . W . D . Simpson noted similarities between Abergeldie and the Castle of Balfluig at Alford , suggesting that they may have shared a designer . Ghost . The castle is reportedly haunted by a ghost known as French Kate or Kitty Rankie . She is said to be a French woman who was employed in the castle at one time . After being suspected of witchcraft she was confined in the castle before being burned at the stake on a nearby hill .
Thomas Chaloner , 2nd Baron Gisborough Thomas Weston Peel Long Chaloner , 2nd Baron Gisborough ( 6 May 1889 – 11 February 1951 ) was an English landowner , soldier and Peer . The second son of Richard Godolphin Walmesley Chaloner , 1st Baron Gisborough and his wife Margaret Mary Ann Brocklesby Davis , he was born in Sedgehill , Wiltshire and educated at Rottingdean , Radley College , Eton College and Trinity College , Cambridge . He attained the rank of Captain in the Yorkshire Regiment , and served in World War I with the Royal Flying Corps in Egypt , England and France . Shot down while on a bombing raid to St . Quentin with 13 Squadron on 1 July 1916 , he was held as a prisoner of war for two years . He escaped in May 1918 , but only made it as far as the Netherlands , which was neutral at the time , and interned for the rest of the War . He was not repatriated until January 1919 . Gisborough joined to the peacetime Territorial Army , serving with the Green Howards from April 1921 . He rose to the rank of Major before relinquishing his commission in 1930 . As his elder brother had been accidentally killed in World War I while guarding German prisoners of War , he succeeded his father as 2nd Baron Gisborough on 23 January 1938 . In August 1939 , although now 50 years old , Gisborough joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve , and was initially posted to RAF Catterick on administration duties . Moving into intelligence duties in February 1940 , he was posted to 41 Squadron as Intelligence Officer in May 1940 . The Squadron was subsequently based at stations such as Hornchurch and Tangmere , which were in the forefront in the Battle of Britain . He remained in this post with 41 Squadron until June 1945 , moving with them to the Continent in December 1944 and ultimately into Germany in April 1945 . In 1923 he married Esther Isabella Madeleine Hall . There was one son and one daughter from the marriage . He died 11 February 1951 and was succeeded as 3rd Baron Gisborough by his son Richard Chaloner , 3rd Baron Gisborough .
USS Raven III ( SP - 103 ) USS " Raven III " ( SP - 103 ) , later USS " SP - 103 " , was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Raven III " was built as a civilian motorboat in 1916 at by the Purdy Boat Company at Miami , Florida . The U . S . Navy purchased her from Purdy on 14 June 1917 for use as a patrol boat during World War I . Purdy delivered " Raven III " to the Navy on 28 June 1917 , and she was commissioned on 5 October 1917 at Key West , Florida , as USS " Raven III " ( SP - 103 ) with Motor Machinist ' s Mate 2nd Class Gordon Stanford , USNRF , in command . Soon after commissioning , " Raven III " was renamed USS " SP - 103 " and attached to Section 4 of the 7th Naval District s coast defense force as a patrol craft working with the training facility at Key West . " SP - 103 " sank accidentally on 12 September 1919 . She was raised and later sold to Stewart McDonald of the Moon Motor Car Company of St . Louis , Missouri .
Estonian Security Police and SD The Estonian Security Police and SD ( , ) , or Sipo , was a security police force created by the Germans in 1942 that integrated both Germans and Estonians within a unique structure mirroring the German Sicherheitspolizei . Following the German occupation in 1941 , the German Army created police " Prefekts " based upon the old Estonian police model . In 1942 a new Sicherheitspolizei structure was installed . The new Sipo force was designed by Martin Sandberger , leader of Einsatzkommando 1a . It was a unique joint structure that consisted of a German component called " Group A " with departments A - I to A - V and an Estonian component called " Group B " with corresponding departments . The Estonian Sipo wore the same uniforms as their German counterparts , and attended Sipo schools in the Reich .
Battle of Beth Zur The Battle of Beth Zur was fought between the Maccabees led by Judas Maccabeus and a Seleucid Greek army led by Viceroy Lysias in 164 BCE . Maccabeus won the battle , and was able to recapture Jerusalem soon after . The Jews did not fight in open terrain ; they used guerrilla and hit and run tactics to slowly beat back the Seleucid army and eventually routing it . According to 1 Enoch , The Animal Apocalypse , an angel who had been recording the event , helps in the battle .
Partiosanomalaite In the Finnish Army , a Partiosanomalaite m / 83 ( " Parsa " ) is a compact communications device for reconnaissance units . The device can send free - and limited length messages , but writing is more inconvenient than with a proper messaging device , for example for communicating fire commands two buttons need to be pressed .
Camp Grayling Camp Grayling , near Grayling , is located primarily in Crawford County , Michigan , and spreads over three counties . Camp Grayling is the main training facility for the Michigan National Guard and is the largest National Guard training facility in the nation . Camp Grayling was founded in 1913 on an initial grant of land from Grayling lumber baron Rasmus Hanson to the State of Michigan for military training . It includes in Crawford , Kalkaska and Otsego counties . Much of the land is accessible to the public for hunting , fishing , snowmobiling and other recreational uses ( when military training isn ' t happening ) . Troops first started training at Camp Grayling in 1914 . During the summer months Camp Grayling hosts National Guard units from Michigan , the surrounding states and Canada . Large artillery , mortar and tank ranges as well as maneuver courses highlight the camp . Recently Forward Operating Base s have been constructed to allow company - sized units to simulate operations . Grayling Army Airfield is located at Camp Grayling and includes 70 helicopter tiedown pads as well as two runways capable of handling C - 130 and C - 17 aircraft . Each year , Camp Grayling schedules training for over 20 , 000 military personnel from National Guard units from Indiana , Illinois , Michigan , and Ohio , as well as regular Army and Reserve units . The installation provides over 200 full - time jobs to local residents . Consequently , Camp Grayling is one of the largest employers in the County . The federal dollars that pay employee salaries are often used to pay local taxes and to support schools , hospitals , churches and local businesses , a partnership that has proven itself over generations . Camp Grayling has over 600 soldiers in traditional Army National Guard units regularly assigned to it . A central attraction of Camp Grayling is Lake Margrethe . The camp activities generate over $ 30 million annually in the local economy . The camp has a partnership with the Northern Michigan Law Enforcement group , for training purposes . The camp has small arms ranges . They also have urban assault ranges . Camp Grayling has an IED ( improvised explosive device ) Lane . This is used to train troops to protect themselves from IED ’ s . They have a 10 . 2 mile live fire convoy commander ’ s reaction course that trains commanders . The base gets used for research and development . Training at Camp Grayling occurs year round . In the 2010 fiscal year the base was used for 320 days . The camp hosts the Marines and the Navy . Camp Grayling ' s five - man color guard has appeared on national television alongside Anita Baker , Aretha Franklin , Dr . John , Brian McKnight , Aaron Neville , Diana Ross , Stevie Wonder , and other notable recording artists who performed the National Anthem at major sporting events held in Michigan over the years . It provided the colors presentation for four Major League Baseball All - Star Games , eight World Series , Super Bowls XVI and XL , the 1980 Republican National Convention and the 2004 and 2005 NBA Finals . Notes . ^ Personal Interview , COL Ronald Latuszek , Camp Commander , 10 / 21 / 2010
Shaban Polluzha Shaban Kastrati ( 1871 – 1945 ) better known as Shaban Polluzha was an Albanian military leader in Kosovo . He was the son of Mustafë Rexhep Kastrati from the village Poluža , in the Drenica region . During World War I he fought with the Entente against Bulgaria and Austria . Later he fought against Yugoslavia . In 1921 he was elected a deputy of Drenica . In 1941 he was interned by the Italian army and when he was released he fought against them . Thousands of Vulnetari together with gendarmerie commanded by Bislim Bajgora and Shaban Polluzha attacked Ibarski Kolašin on 30 September 1941 . In World War II he joined the partisan forces and fought to expel the Germans from Kosovo . In 1944 he refused to lead his men to the north to pursue the retreating Germans , because Serbian chetnik groups were attacking the Albanian population in Kosovo . The Yugoslav partisans then attacked him encountering strong resistance . He was captured and executed in Terstenikë in 1945 by the Yugoslavs . Notes and references . Notes :
Patrick Roddy Colonel Patrick Roddy VC ( 17 March 1827 – 21 November 1895 ) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was 31 years old , and an ensign in the Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . Further information . He served in the Abyssinian War and the Second Anglo - Afghan War . He later achieved the rank of colonel . He died at Jersey , Channel Islands on 21 November 1895 . Colonel Roddy ' s legacy is kept alive by the Roddy Family Hibernian Society which is now chaired by Roddy Bisgaard Lanigan . References . Listed in order of publication year
German submarine U - 522 German submarine " U - 522 " was a Type IXC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down at the " Deutsche Werft " ( yard ) in Hamburg as ' werk ' 337 on 9 July 1941 , launched on 1 April 1942 and commissioned on 11 June with " Kapitänleutnant " Herbert Schneider in command . " U - 522 " began her service career with training as part of the 4th U - boat Flotilla from 11 June 1942 . She was re - assigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 October 1942 . She carried out two patrols and sank seven ships . She damaged two more . She was sunk in February 1943 in mid - Atlantic west of Madeira by a British warship . Operational career . 1st patrol . The boat departed Kiel on 8 October 1942 , moved through the North Sea , negotiated the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and entered the Atlantic Ocean . She opened her account when she damaged the " Hartington " about east of Belle Isle ( off the main island of Newfoundland ) on 2 November 1942 . The abandoned " Hartington " was sunk later that same day by " U - 521 " . " U - 522 " sank the " Martima " northeast of St . Johns on the same day as the attack on the " Hartington " and went on to sink the " Parthenonn " . She entered Lorient , on the French Atlantic coast , on 2 December 1942 . 2nd patrol and loss . " U - 508 " s second foray took her to the mid - Atlantic once again . She sank the " Norvik " west of Teneriffe on 9 January 1943 . Two days later , she damaged the " British Dominion " " northeast of the Canary Islands " . She was sunk west of Madeira on 23 February 1942 by depth charge s dropped by the sloop ( ex - US Coast Guard Cutter ) HMS " Totland " . Fifty - one men died ; there were no survivors .