naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Alexandria National Cemetery ( Alexandria , Virginia ) Alexandria National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery , of approximately , located in the city of Alexandria , Virginia . It is one of the original national cemeteries that were established in 1862 . As of the end of 2005 , it was site to 4 , 230 interments . History . As one of the original national cemeteries , it served to be the burial grounds for soldiers who died in the numerous hospitals around the Alexandria area , but by 1864 it was almost filled to capacity . This led to the development of the Arlington National Cemetery . Alexandria National Cemetery was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1995 . Notable burials . Buffalo Soldier s :
Austin J . Durney Austin Joseph Durney ( November 26 , 1867 – November 17 , 1926 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration - the Medal of Honor . Biography . Austin Durney was born on November 26 , 1867 at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He enlisted in the U . S . Navy from the state of Maryland and served during the Spanish - American War on board the gunboat . On May 11 , 1898 Blacksmith Durney was one of several men who participated in a boat expedition that cut the underwater telegraph cable off Cienfuegos , Cuba . For his " extraordinary bravery and coolness " under enemy fire during this operation , he was awarded the Medal of Honor . Austin J . Durney died on November 17 , 1926 at Ridgely , Maryland , and was buried in Old Saint Joseph Cemetery , Cordova , Maryland . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Blacksmith , U . S . Navy . Born : November 26 , 1867 , Philadelphia , Pa . Entered service at : Woodland , Mo . G . O . No . : 521 , July 7 , 1899 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . Nashville during the operation of cutting the cable leading from Cienfuegos , Cuba , May 11 , 1898 . Facing the heavy fire of the enemy , Durney set an example of extraordinary bravery and coolness throughout this action .
Camp Washburn Camp Washburn was a satellite camp of Camp Edwards . It was located on Washburn Island in Falmouth , Massachusetts . History . Camp Washburn , was used by the Army Amphibious Command as a landing area during World War II . It was home to the 594th Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment , which was a branch of the 4th Engineer Special Brigade . It was paired up with Camp Havedoneit and Camp Candoit , which were both located nearby . It was abandoned during April , 1943 , as Camp Candoit came into existence . Today what remains is the landing area and the middle of the island , which have not been altered at all since the existence of the camp
Battle of Penghu The Battle of Penghu ( ) of 1683 was where the admiral Shi Lang of Qing attacked the fleet of Kingdom of Tungning in Penghu . Both parties possessed more than 200 warship s each . Liu Guoxuan was outmaneuvered by Shi Lang , whose forces outnumbered him three to one . Liu Guoxan surrendered when his flagship ran out of ammunition and fled to Taiwan . The loss of Penghu resulted in Zheng Keshuang ' s surrender to the Qing . Prelude . By 1683 , Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty had stopped all attempts at negotiation with Taiwan . He sent Admiral Shi Lang with a force of nearly 100 , 000 men and 600 warships to invade the island . Shi Lang attempted to attack Penghu before a major hurricane would strike but was driven back by Liu Guoxuan . After the hurricane , Shi Lang regrouped his forces and was ready to strike again . Battle . Shi Lang divided his force into several smaller fleets . Most of them were sent to attack Liu and his Penghu Defense fleet . However a small detachment was sent to go around the battle and land directly on the island where Liu ' s base was located . However Liu was prepared for this and positioned archers and cannons on the beaches , followed by troops to stop the Qing advance . A few days before the battle , Shi Lang had bought cannons from the Dutch and so his ships were better armed . During the battle , the Qing fleets smashed into Liu ' s force and broke up his formation . The defenders still fought bravely . The Qing ships were larger , better armed , and had more ammunition and within an hour , most of the Tungning ships were at the bottom of the ocean . However the remaining ships continued to fight . In the end , the Tungning ships ran out of ammunition but hand to hand combat still continued . When his flagship and commander Liu ran out of ammunition , the remaining ships surrendered , some of them burning for three day and nights . Many generals and soldiers refused to surrender but rather chose to drown as a show of loyalty to the former Ming dynasty , thus ending the battle . Land battle . As the battle at sea raged on , almost 60 , 000 Qing soldiers rushed ashore under the cover of cannon fire . The defenders used their cannons and arrows to stop the Qing forces but there were simply too many . Led by several skilled generals , the Qing forces broke through Liu ' s defenses and attacked his base . The victorious Qing forces burnt it down and raised the Qing flag on the highest flagpole . Aftermath . After surrendering , Liu was about to commit suicide , but he was stopped by Shi Lang . They had a brief talk about the battle and Liu was released . With the destruction of Liu ' s fleet , Penghu surrendered and Tungning soldiers deserted in droves . It became obvious to the court on Taiwan that they were now defenseless . A few days later , Zheng Keshuang and his court formally surrendered to the Qing Empire , ending the Tungning kingdom .
Kosmos 2412 Kosmos 2412 ( meaning " Cosmos 2412 " ) is one of a set of three Russia n military satellites launched in 2004 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system . It was launched with Kosmos 2411 and Kosmos 2413 . This satellite is a GLONASS satellite , also known as Uragan , and is numbered Uragan No . 797 . Kosmos 2411 / 2 / 3 were launched from Site 20 / 39 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . A Proton - K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 13 : 53 UTC on 26 December 2004 . The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2004 - 053C . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 28510 . It was in the first orbital plane in orbital slot 8 . It is no longer part of the GLONASS constellation .
USS Minivet ( AM - 371 ) USS " Minivet " ( AM - 371 ) was an acquired by the United States Navy for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing . " Minivet " was named after the minivet , a type of cuckoo shrike of Asiatic origin . " Minivet " was laid down 19 July 1944 by Savannah Machine & Foundry Co . , Savannah , Georgia : launched 8 November 1944 ; sponsored by Miss Henrietta G . Jerrell ; commissioned 29 May 1945 , Lt . Comdr . Richard Lagreze in command . Assignment to Pacific operations . " Minivet " concluded shakedown training at Little Creek , Virginia , and 22 August steamed out of Norfolk , Virginia , en route to assignment in the Far East . She arrived Sasebo , Japan 30 October with Mine Division 23 to play her part in opening the sealanes to peacetime commerce . Sinking in the Tsushima Straits . During her first month in the area , escort trips to Pusan , Korea , and from Okinawa left little time to stream her minesweeping gear . After a brief availability period " AM - 371 " departed Sasebo on 23 December in company with eight Japanese vessels to complete the sweeping of the Tsushima Straits . Following in the wake of the second pass of the day on 29 December she struck a mine and in a matter of minutes rolled over and sank . Despite the discipline and courageous action of her crew and the bravery of American and Japanese rescuers , " Minivet " suffered 31 men killed or missing . She became the first American minesweeper lost during these hazardous operations that had destroyed 20 , 000 mines since the end of the war . Removal from Navy List . Her name was stricken from the Navy list on 21 January 1946 after her logbook and the last survivors had returned to the United States . Awards . " Minivet " ( AM - 371 ) received one battle star for her service in the aftermath of World War II .
HMS Quentin ( G78 ) HMS " Quentin " ( G78 ) was a Q class destroyer laid down by J . Samuel White and Company , Limited , at Cowes on the Isle of Wight on 25 September 1940 , launched on 5 November 1941 and commissioned on 15 April 1942 . " Quentin " attacked and sank the enemy German submarine " U - 162 " while in company with the destroyers " Vimy " and " Pathfinder " in the Caribbean near Trinidad on 3 September 1942 . " Quentin " was torpedoed by German aircraft and sank off North Africa on 2 December 1942 , only hours after her participation on the successful battle of Skerki Bank .
Fall of Ashdod The Fall of Ashdod refers to the successful Egypt ian assault on the city of Ashdod in Palestine in c . 635 BC . According to the Greek historian Herodotus , pharaoh Psamtik I , besieged Ashdod for 29 years . Ashdod had lost most of its inhabitants during those long years of siege . Background . Prior to the death of Ashurbanipal sometime in 627 BC , the Assyrian Empire was engaged in almost constant warfare on multiple fronts , with nomadic tribesmen from the south , Chaldea ns initiating uprisings , Elamites supporting such rebellions and Egyptians inciting further rebellion in the Levant . In the face of these multiple threats the Assyrians under Ashurbanipal campaigned aggressively . Despite success , the Assyrians lost too many soldiers through years of deteriorating warfare . In an effort to increase Assyria ' s standing in the East , Ashurbanipal abandoned Egypt and concentrated on Elam . However , this left Egypt more or less unchecked , although it appears that Assyrian rule , at least at the " de jure " level , continued until 639 BC . Capture of Ashdod . Despite the previous hostility between the two powers , it appears that the Assyrians and the Egyptians did not go to war . Indeed as late as 605 BC , the Egyptians were actively aiding the Assyrians in an attempt to help them survive . Moreover , the Ethiopian / Nubian rulers of Egypt were driven out by the native Coptic Egyptians sometime in c . 650 ; therefore the Assyrians and the native Egyptians made natural allies against Nubian domination . The capture of Ashdod may have been effectively reflect part of the transfer of power from the crumbling Assyrian Empire to the new Egyptian 26th Dynasty ( Twenty - sixth dynasty of Egypt ) .
Colt ACR The Colt ACR was Colt ' s entry in the U . S . DoD Advanced Combat Rifle program , which concluded with the result that none of the entrants achieved enough of an improvement over the M16 to be worth the cost . The Colt ACR was not a total loss , however ; the scope went on to be offered by Elcan , a version of which was eventually adopted as the M145 Machine Gun Optic used on a number of firearms , especially those from Diemaco . Ammunition . The key design change was the use of " duplex rounds " , a single cartridge with two bullets in it . Olin Corporation produced three different rounds for testing , the first consisting of two tungsten projectiles in a long - necked case , the second used a standard - length case with two , tungsten projectiles , and the final entry was another standard - length case with two projectiles , one the other . The latter was eventually selected for submission to the ACR trials . The basic idea of the duplex load is to increase the number of projectiles fired , which is the primary determinant of battlefield casualties . However , they significantly reduced accuracy , requiring the user to also carry traditional ammunition for long - range shots .
MGP - 15 submachine gun The MGP - 15 is a submachine gun designed for issue to special forces made by SIMA - CEFAR , updated with a longer barrel and a forward - facing magazine . The name was changed from previous MGP models due to modifications , including a change to a barrel with a threaded muzzle , usually fitted with a screwed - on muzzle cap , that allows a suppressor to be quickly screwed on . Design . Like all MGP submachine guns , the weapon can utilize Uzi submachine gun magazines . A folding butt stock is provided , so arranged that with the butt folded along the right - hand side of the receiver the butt plate can act as a form of foregrip .
Battle of Montepeloso The Battle of Montepeloso was fought on 3 September 1041 between Lombard - Norman rebel forces and the Byzantine Empire , near Montepeloso in southern Italy . The Byzantines , led by Exaugustus Boioannes , were forced into battle by the rebels , and after a day - long fight the rebels defeated the Byzantine army and captured Boioannes . The decisive rebel victory forced the Byzantines to retreat to the coastal cities , leaving the Normans and Lombards in control of the whole interior of southern Italy . Background . The battle of Montepeloso was part of a Lombard - Norman revolt against the Byzantine Empire in southern Italy , with preceding battles at Olivento in March , and at Montemaggiore in May , both rebel victories . Before the battle , the Normans and Lombards agreed on chosing Atenulf , Prince of Benevento as their new leader , while the Byzantine Catepan Michael Doukeianos was replaced by Exaugustus Boioannes . The new overall leader of the revolt , Atenulf , was part of the ruling Beneventan family and a rival to the Norman sponsor Guaimar IV of Salerno , but although the rebel army was led by Norman military leaders , the Normans could not yet afford to break with their Lombard allies . Battle . After the battle of Montemaggiore , Boioannes made an attempt to lay siege to Melfi , which had been captured by the rebels . In response , the Normans and Lombards counter - attacked Boioannes ' camp at Monte Siricolo , near Montepeloso ( modern Irsina ) on the Bradano river . The Byzantine army under Boioannes had been safe within the stronghold of Montepeloso , but as the rebels wanted to avoid the strains associated with a siege , they forced the Byzantines and the Varangian Guard into battle by stealing their cattle . The battle went on to last most of the day with intense fighting , but the Norman cavalry , led by William Iron Arm , managed to secure a decisive victory for the rebels . Boioannes was captured by the rebels during the battle and held for ransom . Aftermath . The rebel victory forced the Byzantine army to retreat to the coastal cities , leaving the entire interior of southern Italy to the Norman and Lombard rebels . Following the victory , the town of Matera switched its support to the revolt , while the coastal cities Bari , Monopoli and Giovinazzo relinquished their allegiance to the Byzantine Empire in order to avoid Norman raids . After the battle , the rebel leader Atenulf was sent back home after it was found that he had kept the money received for Boioannes ransom for himself . Although the Norman knights pushed for the next leader to be a Norman , they were in the end outvoted by the Lombards and had to settle for Argyrus from Bari . The battle of Montepeloso was the last pitched battle fought between Normans and Byzantines in the Italian peninsula .
8 - inch M1888 The 8 - inch Gun M1888MIA1 Barbette carriage M1918 on railway car M1918MI was a U . S . Army coast artillery gun , used during World War I , and World War II . History . The M1888 gun was a coastal artillery gun mounted on a barbette carriage . At the start of World War I , the United States and its allies needed a medium range heavy artillery piece that could be transported easily . The quick solution was to take the existing coast artillery guns and mount them on a drop bed rail car . This was done with a number of different weapons , like the , and guns , as well as mortars . Sighting and fire control equipment . The following sighting equipment was used with the gun . Henry B . Plant Museum , Tampa , FL ( gun formerly at Battery Bowyer , Fort Morgan , AL )
William Lundy William Lundy ( January 18 , 1848 ? – September 1 , 1957 ) claimed to be one of the last living Confederate veterans of the American Civil War , having claimed to have served with the 4th Alabama Infantry from 1864 - 1865 . Biography . William Lundy was allegedly born near Troy , in Pike County , Alabama , on January 18 , 1848 ( also reported at Coffee Springs , Coffee County ) . He is said to have enlisted in the last days of March 1864 , at age 16 ; Company D ( Brown ' s ) , 4th Alabama Cavalry Regiment ( Home Guard ) at Elba ; and to have been honorably discharged at Elba in May 1865 , on account of close of war . He moved his family to Laurel Hill in 1890 , where he and wife , Mary Jane Lassiter , raised ten children . He was granted a Confederate soldiers pension in Florida , no . 8948 , of $ 600 per annum was awarded to be paid effective from June 12 , 1941 . At some point the pension increased to $ 75 per month ( $ 900 per annum ) , and finally , in 1953 , it was increased to $ 150 per month ( $ 1800 per annum ) . Source : Florida Pension Records On January 18 , 1955 , the Boston Traveler published an article , " Reb on T . V . " , of which William Allen Lundy was the subject ; making mention of the 107 year old Confederate veteran being on television in Pensacola . By a Joint Resolution of Congress of July 18 , 1956 , a gold medal was authorized to be struck and presented to the only four surviving Civil War veterans ; One Union veteran , and three Confederate veterans . The Union soldier died before the medals could be presented . He claimed to be the last surviving Confederate soldier residing in Florida , and one of three ( all Confederate ) Civil War veterans in the United States . At the claimed age of 109 , Private Lundy died at Crestview , Okaloosa County , on September 1 , 1957 . He is interred at Almarant Cemetery , Laurel Hill . Age dispute . Census records suggest that Lundy was born in May 1860 , which would mean that he was only five years old at the end of the Civil War .
Battle of Geel The Battle of Geel , also known as the Battle of the Gheel Bridgehead , was a major battle between British and German troops in Belgium during the Second World War . It occurred between 8 – 23 September 1944 , in and around the Flemish city of Geel , and was one of the largest and bloodiest battles to occur during the liberation of Belgium . Battle . The first phase of the fighting took place at the Albert Canal and in the centre of Geel itself from 8 - 12 from September . On the 12th , the Germans briefly recaptured the center of Geel . The German forces in the area - supported by elite " Fallschirmjägers " and Jagdpanther tank - destroyers - inflicted heavy losses on the British forces in the town . During the night of 13 September , the Germans pulled back behind the Maas - Scheldt Canal in the village of Ten Aard . Bridgehead . On that same day , the 50th ( Northumbrian ) Division was replaced by the 15th ( Scottish ) Division . Their aim was to form a bridgehead in order to give the Royal Engineers the chance to create a pontoon bridge and to ferry heavy equipment . After 8 days of heavy fighting took place until the final withdrawal on 23 September . Aftermath . The exact casualties during the battle are unknown . At least 130 civilians were killed , mostly due to allied and German artillery fire . The total number of deaths was probably between 1000 - 1100 , with the number of wounded significantly higher .
General Atomics MQ - 1 Predator The MQ - 1 Predator is an American UCAV ( Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles ) . The MQ - 1 Predator was crated in 1995 but his existence only was confirmed in 2004 . Description . The Predator - A is the first of a family of unmanned aerial vehicles manufactured in the USA with a capacity to transport weapons or sensors for surveillance . Initially he was known by the acronym RQ - 1 ( R for reconnaissance ) . Although it has come into use in 1996 , the Predator - A was only officially declared operational in 2004 . Designed with two points on the wings where they carry weapons , he was thought to be able to attack ground targets using Hellfire missiles of the type which can either used . The against armored targets and against buildings . The operating range of operational aircraft is approximately 700 km away it can stay aloft for a long time and can travel a distance of up to 8500 km . Present study is in the Predator - C , which should have a turbine engine instead of the propeller . Expected to have even more capacity to carry weapons and greater autonomy . Specifications . Armament . 2x hardpoints in each wing
Takatsuki - class destroyer The " Takatsuki " class destroyer was a vessel of the Japan Maritime Self - Defense Force . It was the predecessor of the , and was mainly used for anti - submarine warfare duties . In 1985 - 1988 , " Takatsuki " and " Kikuzuki " were upgraded with Sea Sparrow SAM launchers , Harpoon missile anti - ship missile launchers , Phalanx CIWS systems ( " Kikuzuki " only ) , new FCS ( FCS - 2 - 12 ) fire control radar and TASS . " Mochizuki " and " Nagatsuki " were in the upgrade program , but were eventually not upgraded .
SIAI S . 13 The SIAI S . 13 was an Italian 1910s reconnaissance flying - boat . Design and development . Designed by the Società Idrovolanti Alta Italia ( SIAI ) as a smaller version of the earlier S . 12 , the S . 13 was a single - engined biplane reconnaissance - fighter flying boat . It had a crew of two in side - by - side seats behind a single windscreen ; the observer has a single trainably - mounted machine - gun . The flying boat was powered by a single 250 hp ( 187 kW ) Isotta Fraschini V6 engine . The Royal Italian Navy took delivery of 12 aircraft in 1919 and the flying boat was exported to Japan , Norway , Spain , Sweden , and Yugoslavia . In France the S . 13 was built under license as the CAMS C - 13 and the Spanish naval workshops in Barcelona also built seven under licence . A single - seat version , the S . 13 Tipo , was ordered by the Royal Italian Navy , but was later cancelled when the Royal Navy decided to develop the Macchi M . 7 instead and a civilian version , the S . 13 " bis " , failed to attract any orders .
SM UB - 79 SM " UB - 79 " was a German Type UB III submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 27 October 1917 as SM " UB - 79 " . " UB - 79 " was surrendered in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany on 26 November 1918 and broken up at Swansea in 1922 . Construction . She was built by Blohm & Voss of Hamburg and following just under a year of construction , launched at Hamburg on 3 June 1917 . " UB - 79 " was commissioned later that same year . Like all Type UB III submarines , " UB - 79 " carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a deck gun . " UB - 79 " would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of . " UB - 79 " had a displacement of while surfaced and when submerged . Her engines enabled her to travel at when surfaced and when submerged .
García Álvarez de Toledo , 1st Duke of Alba García Álvarez de Toledo y Carrillo , 1st Duke of Alba de Tormes ( – 20 June 1488 ) was a Spanish nobleman , military leader and politician . He was the son of Hernando Álvarez de Toledo , 1st Count of Alba de Tormes and of Mencia Carrillo , Lady of Bercimuelle . In 1472 , King Henry IV of Castile turned the County of Alba de Tormes into a hereditary Duchy . The first Duke of Alba fought in the War of the Castilian Succession on the side of the future Queen Isabella I of Castille against her niece Juana la Beltraneja . Descendants . In 1448 , the Duke married María Enríquez de Quiñones y Toledo , daughter of Fadrique Enríquez , with whom he had 5 sons and 4 daughters . A granddaughter , María de Toledo y Rojas , married Diego Colón , son of Christopher Columbus . By María Enríquez :