naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Hippolyte Langlois Hippolyte Langlois ( 3 August 1839 - 12 February 1912 ) was a French general noted for his writings on military science . Biography . He was born at Besançon , Doubs , and , after passing through the École polytechnique , was appointed to the artillery as sub - lieutenant in 1858 , attaining the rank of captain in 1866 . He served in the army of Metz in the Franco - Prussian War . Eight years later he became major , in 1887 lieutenant - colonel and in 1888 colonel . At this time he was appointed professor of artillery at the École de Guerre , and in this post he devoted himself to working out the tactical principles of the employment of field artillery under the new conditions of armament of which he foresaw the advent . The public result of his work was the great treatise " L ’ Artillerie de campagne " ( 1891 – 1902 ) , which may still he regarded as the classic of the arm . In 1894 he became general of brigade , and in 1898 general of division . For two years after this he was the commandant of the École de guerre at the time that the modern French strategic and tactical doctrine was being developed and taught . He was , however , regarded as a leader as well as a theorist , and in 1901 he was selected to command the XX Corps on the German frontier , popularly called the Iron Corps . In 1902 he became a member of the Conseil supérieur de la Guerre , consisting of senior generals marked out for the higher commands in war . He retired from the active list in 1904 on reaching the age limit , and devoted himself with the greatest energy to critical military literature . In 1907 he began the publication of a monthly journal of military art and history , the " Revue militaire generale " . In 1911 he was elected to seat 32 in the Académie française . The most important of his other works are " Enseignements de deux guerres récentes " and " Conséquences tactiques du progrès de l ’ armement " .
James Harbord James Guthrie Harbord ( March 21 , 1866 – August 20 , 1947 ) was a Lieutenant General in the United States Army and President and Chairman of the Board of RCA . Harbord was born in Bloomington , Illinois , and raised in Bushong , Kansas and Manhattan , Kansas . He graduated from $ 3 in 1886 , and thereafter worked as an instructor at the college for two years . In 1889 , he enlisted in the Army , and in 1891 he received a commission . Army career . Harbord ' s first overseas experience came as a member of the occupation army in Cuba after the Spanish - American War . After leaving Cuba , he served as Assistant Chief of the Philippines Constabulary from 1903 to 1909 and again from 1910 to 1913 . In 1916 , he was on the Mexican border with General John J . Pershing , pursuing Pancho Villa . When the United States entered World War I in 1917 , Harbord went to France as General Pershing ' s chief of staff , which won him a promotion to Brigadier General . Throughout the war he continued to work closely with General Pershing . In June 1918 , he was given command of the Fourth Marine Brigade , which was serving as part of the Army Second Infantry Division , and then on July 15 , briefly given command of the Division itself . He commanded the Marines during the Battle of Château - Thierry and the Battle of Belleau Wood . In August 1918 , Harbord was recalled from the front and put in charge of troop and supply movement . Following the war , he was promoted to Major General and awarded the Distinguished Service Medal . In August 1919 , President Woodrow Wilson sent a fact - finding mission to the Middle East , headed by General Harbord , to investigate the feasibility of the Balfour Declaration , which supported the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine , taken from the Ottoman Empire during the war . Harbord was also to report on Turkish - Armenian relations in the wake of the Armenian Genocide . Harbord ' s report stated that " the temptation to reprisals for past wrongs " would make it extremely difficult to maintain peace in the region . Harbord ' s report said that the Armenian population , even before the war , were far from being in the majority in the region . Radio Corporation of America . In 1922 , Harbord retired from the Army to become President of the Radio Corporation of America . While Harbord was President of RCA , the corporation undertook a number of significant moves . In 1926 , RCA began television broadcasts and formed NBC . In 1928 , RCA was one of four corporations that jointly formed RKO Pictures . Finally , in 1929 , RCA acquired the Victor Talking Machine Company ( maker of the famous " Victrola " ) and became RCA - Victor . In 1928 , Harbord took a leave of absence to campaign for Herbert Hoover for President , and in 1930 he officially retired from the position , allowing David Sarnoff to assume the office . Harbord remained as Chairman of the Board for RCA until 1947 , finally retiring shortly before his death . He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery .
Battle of Funkstown The Second Battle of Funkstown ( more commonly simply referred to as the Battle of Funkstown ) took place near Funkstown , Maryland , on July 10 , 1863 , during the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War . Union forces of the Army of the Potomac attacked the rear guard of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during its retreat from Pennsylvania following the Battle of Gettysburg . A strong Confederate presence at Funkstown threatened any Union advance against Gen . Robert E . Lee ’ s position near Williamsport and the Potomac River as he retreated to Virginia after the Battle of Gettysburg . Maj . Gen . J . E . B . Stuart ’ s cavalry , posted at Funkstown , posed a serious risk to the Federal right and rear if the Union army lunged west from Boonsboro . Stuart , meanwhile , determined to wage a spirited defense to ensure Lee time to complete fortifications protecting his army and his avenue of retreat . As Brig . Gen . John Buford ’ s Federal cavalry division cautiously approached Funkstown via the National Road on Friday morning July 10 , 1863 , it encountered Stuart ’ s crescent - shaped , three - mile - long battle line . It was Stuart ’ s first defensive battle since reentering Maryland . The high ground constituted Stuart ’ s extreme right , held by Preston Chew ’ s horse artillery . A nearby stone barn and barnyard wall proved a superb defensive position for the 34th Virginia Battalion ’ s dismounted cavalry . Col . Thomas C . Devin ’ s dismounted Union cavalry brigade attacked about 8 : 00 a . m . By mid - afternoon , with Buford ’ s cavalrymen running low on ammunition and gaining little ground , Col . Lewis A . Grant ’ s First Vermont Brigade of infantry arrived and jabbed at the Confederate center less than one mile away . Unbeknownst to the Vermonters , Gen . George T . Anderson ’ s Confederate brigade now faced them , the first time opposing infantry had clashed since the Battle of Gettysburg . By early evening , the Union Army began withdrawing south towards Beaver Creek , where the Union I , VI , and XI Corps had concentrated . Stuart had kept the Federals at bay for yet another day . The day - long battle east of the road resulted in 479 casualties . The Chaney house served as a hospital . At the Keller home , Confederate Major Henry D . McDaniel , later the governor of Georgia , survived his wounds . He would spend the rest of the war in a Union prisoner - of - war camp . A smaller engagement took place near Funkstown on July 7 , three days prior to the Battle of Funkstown .
12th Division ( Imperial Japanese Army ) The was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army . Its call sign was the . History . The 12th Division was formed on 1 October 1898 , as a reserve division after the First Sino - Japanese War , based in Kokura , in northern Kyūshū . It subsequently relocated to Kurumi , another city in Fukuoka prefecture . Most of its troops were drawn from the prefectures in northern Kyūshū . The 12th Division participated in the Russo - Japanese War , the Siberian Intervention . In 1932 certain elements organized as the 24th Mixed Brigade participated in the First Shanghai Incident . In 1937 , it was withdrawn to Manchukuo and placed under the control of the Kwantung Army . In 1945 , in the final closing stages of the Pacific War , it was transferred to Taiwan , where it was assigned garrison duty . It was disbanded at the end of World War II with the remnants of the Imperial Japanese Army , mostly without having seen combat . Notable commanders of the 12th Division include : Ando Sadami , Uchiyama Kojiro , Oi Shigemoto , Shiba Goro , and Hajime Sugiyama . Organization . 12th Division was originally a square division with the following organization at the beginning of the Second Sino - Japanese War : 12th Division Later like most square divisions in the late 1930s and early 1940s , it was reorganized as a triangular division : The Order of Battle of the 12th Division included : Allentown , PA : 1981
9th Space Division The 9th Space Division ( 9th SD ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with Air Force Space Command , being stationed at Patrick Air Force Base , Florida . It was inactivated on 1 October 1991 . History . The organization has had several periods of activation over its lifetime . Initially established in April 1949 as the 9th Air Division ( Tactical ) under Fourteenth Air Force , Continental Air Command at Pope AFB , North Carolina , the command had no units assigned but was to act as a headquarters over tactical units . It was inactivated in August 1950 . It was redesignated and reactivated in October 1954 by Air Defense Command ( ADC ) and assigned to Western Air Defense Force ( WADF ) at Geiger Field , Washington , taking over control of air defense units in eastern Washington , Oregon and Idaho from the 25th Air Division ( AD ) , after the 25th AD was realigned over the Washington and Oregon coastal area west of the Cascade Mountains . It participated in the United States Air Force collateral mission of antisubmarine warfare and administered , equipped , and trained for combat . It was inactivated in 1958 when the Spokane Air Defense Sector was established by ADC to take over its responsibilities . The third incarnation of the organization began in 1961 with its reactivation as the 9th Aerospace Defense Division was associated with the North American Aerospace Defense Command by ADC , assuming responsibility for the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System , the Missile Defense Alarm System , the Space Detection and Tracking System , the NORAD Combat operations Center , the Bomb Alarm System , and the Nuclear Detonation System . It was inactivated in 1968 when its mission was elevated to a Numbered Air Force level , being assumed by the Fourteenth Aerospace Force on 1 July . The most recent incarnation the 9th Space Division began in 1990 when Air Force Space Command ( AFSPACECOM ) reactivated the organization to provide an action mechanism to " operationalize " the space launch capabilities of Eastern Space and Missile Center ( ESMC ) and Western Space and Missile Center ( WSMC ) units transferred from Air Force Systems Command to AFSPACECOM during 1990 – 1991 . ESMC and WSMC became respectively the 45th Space Wing and 30th Space Wing within two months of the Division ' s inactivation in 1991 . Components . Centers Wings Groups Squadrons
William Sooy Smith William Sooy Smith ( July 22 , 1830 – March 4 , 1916 ) was a West Point graduate and career United States Army officer who rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . In civilian life , he was a renowned engineer involved in bridge construction that included the building of the first large all steel bridge in the world . Early life and career . Smith was born in Tarlton , Ohio , and graduated from Ohio University in 1849 with an engineering degree . He furthered this degree at West Point as soon as he left the university , graduating sixth in his class from the U . S . Military Academy in 1853 . Smith resigned from the Army on June 19 , 1854 to accept a position with the Illinois Central Railroad . Smith established the engineering company Parkinson & Smith in 1857 , and was involved in the first surveys for a bridge between the United States and Canada across the Niagara River near Niagara Falls . Civil War . In 1861 at the outbreak of the Civil War , Smith joined the 13th Ohio Infantry , and by June he was commissioned as its colonel . After serving in western Virginia , he was promoted to brigadier general ( volunteers ) in April 1862 during the Battle of Shiloh . Smith participated in the Vicksburg campaign , commanding the XVI Corps ' first division . On January 27 , 1864 , during Union attacks on Meridian , Mississippi , Smith was given the command of General Hurlbut ' s force of 7 , 000 cavalry along with the 2 , 500 that was already under his command . Confederate forces under Maj . Gen . Nathan Bedford Forrest , however , defeated these forces on February 22 , 1864 in the Battle of Okolona . Smith , having disobeyed orders from Sherman , was forced to fight this eleven - mile running battle before retreating across the state line into Tennessee on February 26 , where he was criticized for putting Sherman ' s Meridian Expedition in danger . Afterwards , he served as chief of cavalry in both the Department of Tennessee and the Military Division of Mississippi , under Ulysses S . Grant and William T . Sherman . He resigned from the Army in July 1864 due to rheumatoid arthritis . Postbellum career . After leaving the army Smith returned to civil engineering . In 1867 , he sank the first pneumatic caisson of the Waugoshanee lighthouse in the Straits of Mackinaw . At Glasgow , Missouri , from 1878 to 1879 , Smith worked on the Glasgow Railroad Bridge . This was the first all - steel bridge , which crossed the Missouri River . In 1876 Smith was awarded the American Centennial Exposition prize , and continued to work in engineering until retirement to Medford , Oregon towards the end of his life . After his death in 1916 , he was buried in Forest Home Cemetery in Forest Park , Illinois .
Rudolf Resch Rudolf Resch ( 7 April 1914 – 11 July 1943 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Rudolf Resch was shot down and killed on 11 July 1943 by Soviet fighters during the Battle of Kursk . During his career he was credited with 94 aerial victories , 1 in the Spanish Civil War and 93 on the Eastern Front .
69th Air Defense Artillery Brigade ( United States ) The 69th Air Defense Artillery Brigade is an air defense artillery brigade of the United States Army . Subordinate units include : History . Organized 17 May 1918 in the Regular Army at Fort Worden , Washington as the 69th Artillery ( Coast Artillery Corps ) Demobilized 5 March 1919 at Camp Eustis , Virginia Reconstituted 16 October 1936 in the Regular Army ; concurrently consolidated with the 69th Coast Artillery ( constituted 22 January 1926 in the Regular Army and activated 1 February 1930 at Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland ) , and consolidated unit designated as the 69th Coast Artillery Regiment broken up 10 September 1943 and its elements reorganized and redesignated as follows : Headquarters and Headquarters Battery as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery , 69th Antiaircraft Artillery Group Headquarters and Headquarters Battery , 69th Antiaircraft Artillery Group , inactivated 5 June 1948 on Saipan Activated 1 July 1955 in Germany Inactivated 1 November 1957 in Germany Redesignated 1 April 1960 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery , 69th Artillery Group , and activated in Germany . HHB at Emery Barracks , Würzburg , Germany . Redesignated 15 March 1972 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery , 69th Air Defense Artillery Group Reorganized and redesignated 16 July 1983 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery , 69th Air Defense Artillery Brigade
Juan de la Cerda , 4th Duke of Medinaceli Juan de la Cerda , 4th Duke of Medinaceli , ( c . 1514 – 1575 ) , Grandee of Spain , was a Spanish nobleman . He was the son of Don Juan de la Cerda , 2nd Duke of Medinaceli , by second wife María de Silva . In 1552 Juan de la Cerda inherited the titles from his older half - brother Gastón de la Cerda y Portugal . Both half brothers , the 3rd , Gaston , and the 4th Duke , Juan II , are widely reported in many places and articles as being born " out of marriage " from different women and being " legitimated " males by the Crown as legal successors to their father , the second duke Juan I , also , apparently , a legitimated bastard , however . In 1557 , King Philip II of Spain appointed him Viceroy of Sicily , a position he held until 1564 . During that time he besieged with a fleet the North - African harbor of Tripoli , now in Libya , dealing with Dragut , a Turkish privateer and Ottoman admiral . The force , including ships from Spain , Genoa , Tuscany , the Knights of Malta and the Papal States , was however nearly destroyed in the Battle of Djerba . In 1567 he was appointed Viceroy of Navarre supposedly staying there till 1572 , but it seems that towards the end of 1570 , he became head of the household of Queen Anna of Austria , position he held until his death in 1575 . There are no hints about him having anything , militarywise , to do in Flanders at all around that time , unless unaware people is referring to his appointment , while a Viceroy of Navarre , as a head of the expedition to the North of Spain harbors from there , Flanders , with bride to be Anna of Austria towards the middle of 1570 , when she came to marry her uncle Philip II of Spain . She came with her brother , Albert , Cardinal in Rome , later Goveror Consort of Flanders when he married Isabel Clara Eugenia , daughter of Philip II of Spain and therefore step daughter of new Queen Consort Anne and another brother described as Wenzel , all the three children of Holy Roman Emperor Consort wife Maria of Spain . Descendants . On 7 April 1541 , at Ocaña , Juan de la Cerda married Joana Manuel , daughter of Sancho de Noronha , 2nd Count of Faro with whom he had seven children . By Joana Manuel de Portugal : < br >
4th Bengal European Regiment The 4th Bengal European Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British East India Company , created in 1858 and disbanded in 1867 . The regiment was raised in Bengal by the East India Company in 1858 , for service in the Indian Mutiny ; the " European " in the name indicated that it was manned primarily by British soldiers and some other west Europeans , not Indian sepoy s . The regiment was composed of officers drawn from two Indian units which had mutinied , the 1st Bengal Native Infantry and 3rd Bengal Native Infantry . As with all other " European " units of the Company , they were placed under the command of the Crown following the end of the Mutiny in 1858 . The regiment was reduced to cadre strength in 1861 , and disbanded in 1867 . George Fosbery won his Victoria Cross with the regiment in 1863 .
Zhang Bao ( Shu Han ) Zhang Bao ( birth and death dates unknown ) was the eldest son of Zhang Fei , a general who served the warlord Liu Bei in the late Han Dynasty and the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period . Little is known about Zhang Bao , because Zhang Fei ' s biography in the historical text " Records of the Three Kingdoms " only mentioned that he was Zhang Fei ' s eldest son , and died prematurely . Zhang Bao had a son , Zhang Zun . In fiction . Zhang Bao appears as a fairly prominent character in the historical novel " Romance of the Three Kingdoms " by Luo Guanzhong . His first appearance in the novel was when he informed Liu Bei of his father ' s assassination when Liu Bei was planning to launch a campaign against the warlord Sun Quan to avenge Guan Yu and take back Jing Province . Zhang Bao met Guan Xing , Guan Yu ' s second son , and competed with Guan Xing for the position of leader of the vanguard army . After nearly coming to blows , Zhang Bao and Guan Xing were stopped by Liu Bei , who forced them to become oath brothers in the same manner he did with their fathers many years ago . The two were regularly depicted together from that moment onwards . Zhang Bao was involved in several military campaigns , including the disastrous Battle of Xiaoting and Zhuge Liang ' s Northern Expeditions against the rival state of Cao Wei . In the third campaign , Zhang Bao fell into a gully while pursuing the Wei generals Guo Huai and Sun Li , and died from the resulting injuries . When Zhuge Liang heard of Zhang Bao ' s death , he was greatly upset , fainting and spewing blood , serving as a prelude to his own eventual death caused by overwork and poor health . Modern references . Zhang Bao is first introduced as a playable character in the eighth instalment of Koei ' s " Dynasty Warriors " video game series . Zhang Bao ' s rivalry with Guan Xing and his involvement in the Northern Expeditions are depicted in the 2008 film " " .
Missile Defense Integration and Operations Center In the military of the United States , the Missile Defense Integration and Operations Center ( MDIOC ) , formerly Joint National Integration Center ( JNIC ) and before that the Joint National Test Facility ( JNTF ) , at the Schriever Air Force Base is responsible for the missile defense analysis of the Missile Defense Agency . The MDIOC is a research center , whose mission is to provide missile defense related analysis , system level engineering , integration , and test and evaluation support for the development , acquisition , and deployment of missile defense systems and architectures . Support the development of joint and combined missile defense doctrine , requirements , and concept of operations ( CONOPS ) . Support combatant commands by integrating missile defense concepts , space asset exploitation , battle management / command , control , communications , computers , and intelligence ( BM / C4I ) and by conducting joint and combined simulations , wargames and participating in exercises as directed .