naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
8th Mixed Artillery Brigade ( Romania ) From 1 November 2010 it current name is the 8th LAROM Brigade " Alexandru Ioan Cuza " . The 8th LAROM Brigade " Alexandru Ioan Cuza " ( " Brigada 8 LAROM " Alexandru Ioan Cuza " " ) is a Multiple Rocket Launcher brigade of the Romanian Land Forces . It was formed 1 July 1916 ( as the 2nd Heavy Artillery Brigade ) , and was named after the Romanian " Domnitor " and politician Alexandru Ioan Cuza . The Brigade is subordinated to the Romanian Land Forces and has its headquarters in Focşani . The high professionalism of the personnel in this unit is the reason why a large number of soldiers in the brigade were , or still are present in various theaters of operations , such as Bosnia and Herzegovina , Afghanistan , and Iraq . Since October 2004 , there are no more conscripts in the structures subordinated to the Brigade ; all the personnel is professional . World War I . During World War I and World War II , the 8th Mixed Artillery Brigade was designated as the 2nd Heavy Artillery Brigade with its main subordinated units being the 1st and 5th Heavy Artillery Regiments . The 1st regiment participated in the Battle of Mărăşeşti , while the 5th regiment took part of the Battle of Turtucaia . World War II . During World War II , both the 1st and 5th regiments made part of the Romanian forces invading Odessa , the 5th regiment cannons were the first Romanian Army ’ s cannons to hit Odessa . The 1st regiment was also involved in the Battle of Stalingrad ( starting with October 1942 ) , and the Battle of Budapest .
Bedford QLD The Bedford QLD was the GS ( general service ) cargo truck version of the QL series of truck , manufactured by Bedford Vehicles , for use by the British Armed Forces in World War II . History . The Bedford QL was in production from 1941 to 1945 . About 52 , 250 were produced in total . The QLD was the most numerous version in the series . References . Bart Vanderveen ( 1989 ) ' Historic Military Vehicles Directory '
HMS Papua ( K588 ) HMS " Papua " ( K588 ) was a Colony - class frigate of the United Kingdom that served during World War II . She originally was ordered by the United States Navy as the " Tacoma " - class patrol frigate USS " Howett " ( PF - 84 ) and was transferred to the Royal Navy prior to completion . Construction and acquisition . The ship , originally designated a " patrol gunboat , " PG - 192 , was ordered by the United States Maritime Commission under a United States Navy contract as USS " Howett " . She was reclassified as a " patrol frigate , " PF - 84 , on 15 April 1943 and laid down by the Walsh - Kaiser Company at Providence , Rhode Island , on 7 September 1943 . Intended for transfer to the United Kingdom , the ship was renamed " Papua " by the British prior to launching and was launched on 10 October 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . William Eastham . Service history . Transferred to the United Kingdom under Lend - Lease on 25 July 1944 , the ship served in the Royal Navy as HMS " Papua " ( K588 ) on patrol and escort duty . On 4 February 1945 , she shared credit with the British frigates , , and for sinking the German submarine " U - 1014 " in a depth - charge attack in the North Channel off Malin Head , Ireland , at . She was decommissioned later in 1945 . Final disposition . The United Kingdom returned " Papua " to the U . S . Navy on 13 May 1946 . She was sold to the Boston Metals Company of Baltimore , Maryland , for scrapping , but her scrapping was cancelled and she was resold to the Khedivial Mail Line of Alexandria , Egypt , for use as the civilian passenger ship " Misr " . " Misr " sank after a collision in the Gulf of Suez on 17 May 1953 .
No . 12 Squadron ( Finland ) No . 12 Squadron ( or " LLv . 12 " , from 3 May 1942 " Le . Lv . 12 " ) , renamed No . 12 Reconnaissance Squadron ( Finnish : " Tiedustelulentolaivue 12 " or " TLe . Lv . 12 " on 14 February 1944 ) was a reconnaissance squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II . The squadron was part of Flying Regiment 1 . Organization . Winter War . The equipment consisted of 13 Fokker C . X s , 6 Gloster Gladiator s , and 1 Westland Lysander . Continuation War . The equipment consisted of 6 Fokker C . X s , 3 Gloster Gladiator s , 4 Curtiss Hawk 75 As , 12 Fokker D . XXI s , and 4 Blackburn Ripon IIs . By the end of the war the unit also received 20 VL Myrsky IIs , 2 Bristol Blenheim Mk . Is , and 2 Polikarpov U - 2 s .
Treaty of Alexandropol The Treaty of Alexandropol ( ; ) was a peace treaty between the First Republic of Armenia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ending the Turkish - Armenian War , signed on December 2 , 1920 , before the declaration of the Republic of Turkey . It was the first treaty signed by Turkish revolutionaries with an internationally accepted state . The terms of the treaty were negotiated between Kazim Karabekir and Armenian Foreign Minister Alexander Khatisyan . The tenth item in the agreement stated that Armenia renounced the Treaty of Sèvres , which stipulated the Wilsonian Armenia . The second item acknowledged the newly established border between the two countries . Essentially , the border agreed to was that identified in the Treaty of Brest - Litovsk ( 1918 ) between the Russian SFSR and Ottoman Empire . The First Republic of Armenia had previously denounced the Brest - Litovsk treaty . However , after armed conflict , the border was accepted by Armenia in the Treaty of Batum ( 1918 ) . In the administrative vacuum created by the dissolution of Ottoman forces due to the Armistice of Mudros , a new state South West Caucasian Republic headed by Fakhr al - Din Pirioghlu and centered in Kars was formed . It existed along with the British general governorship created during the Entente ' s intervention in Transcaucasia . It was abolished in 1919 by British High Commissioner Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough - Calthorpe , after the occupation of Istanbul . This enabled the First Republic of Armenia to fill these territories . The Treaty of Alexandropol changed the boundary of the First Republic of Armenia to the Ardahan - Kars borderline and ceded over fifty percent of First Republic of Armenia to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey . According to the treaty of Alexandropol , Armenians have accepted that Treaty of Sèvres is void and meaningless . Article 11 declared the Sèvres Treaty " null and void . " The same article stipulated that the Armenian Government undertook " to withdraw its delegations in Europe and America , that are tools in the hands of certain imperialistic governments and circles . The reasons for the military defeat are expressed in the publication " Dashnagzoutiun Has Nothing To Do Anymore " by Hovhannes Katchaznouni . The treaty signed by the Armenian government was to be ratified by the Armenian parliament within a month . This did not take place due to the Russian SFSR occupation of Armenia . In 1921 the treaty was replaced with the Treaty of Kars .
Seegrotte The Seegrotte , near Hinterbrühl , Austria , is an underground cave system with a large grotto located under a former gypsum mine . Visitors can tour the old mine and take a boat ride across the underground lake . World War II history . During World War II the Seegrotte was used for production of Heinkel He 162 jet fighters in Nazi Germany ' s " second Ruhr " . References . SEEGROTTE Official Website
Nahum Parker Nahum Parker ( March 4 , 1760November 12 , 1839 ) was a United States Senator from New Hampshire . Parker was born in Shrewsbury , Massachusetts . During the Revolutionary War he served in the Continental Army at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777 . He settled in Fitzwilliam , New Hampshire in 1786 , was a member of the board of selectmen from 1790 to 1794 and clerk and town treasurer from 1792 to 1815 . Parker was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1794 to 1804 and in 1806 - 1807 ; in 1804 and 1805 he was a member of the Governor ' s council . He was elected as a Democratic - Republican to the U . S . Senate and served from March 4 , 1807 , to June 1 , 1810 , when he resigned . From 1807 to 1813 , Parker was a justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Cheshire and Sullivan Counties . He was associate justice of the western circuit from 1813 to 1816 and a judge of the court of sessions of Cheshire County in 1821 and of the court of common pleas of Hillsborough County in 1822 . He was a member of the New Hampshire Senate and its president in 1828 . Parker died in Fitzwilliam , New Hampshire in 1839 , aged 79 , and was interred in the Town Cemetery .
Neville Atkinson Neville Clive Atkinson was a British aviator who served as personal pilot to The President of Libya , Muammar Gaddafi during the 1970s . Atkinson was born in Beverley in the East Riding of Yorkshire , and served in the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy . He served aboard and piloted Sea Vixen FAW2 fighters . In 1972 Atkinson left the Navy to take up the position as personal pilot to Muammar Gaddafi . For the next 10 years his role was to fly Gaddafi , government ministers , and many world dignitaries around the Middle East and Africa . Probably one of the most notable moments in Atkinson ' s career was in December 1975 , when he was given the task of flying Carlos the Jackal and a number of other terrorists . He extracted Carlos and his fellow terrorists from Algeria , saving the lives of sixty people who had been taken hostage in the raid on OPEC headquarters in Vienna . It is reputed that Neville asked Carlos to sign a copy of Frederick Forsyth ' s novel " Day of the Jackal " during the flight . In 2006 Atkinson published a book " Death on Small Wings : Memoirs of a Presidential Pilot " which detailed his experiences . He died on 13 January 2007 , aged 73 .
Alexander Fok Alexander Viktorovich Fok ( also Foch ) ; September 6 , 1843 – 1926 ) was a lieutenant general of the Imperial Russian Army during the Russo - Japanese War . Biography . Fok graduated from the Konstantinovskoe Artillery School in St . Petersburg in 1864 , and from 1871 - 1876 served in the Special Corps of Gendarmes , an elite unformed security police force responsible for state security . From 1877 - 1878 , he saw combat in the Russo - Turkish War . From 1900 , Fok was commander of the 4th East Siberian Rifle Brigade , and participated in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion . During the Russo - Japanese War , Fok commanded the 4th East Siberian Rifle Brigade stationed at Port Arthur . He was noted for his precipitous retreat and failure to reinforce Colonel Tretyakov at the Battle of Nanshan , leading directly to the Russian defeat . During the Siege of Port Arthur , Fok was named commander of the fortress and promoted to lieutenant general after the death of General Roman Kondratenko at the insistence of General Anatoly Stessel . He was further awarded the Order of St . George ( 3rd degree ) in October 1904 . As commander , Fok constantly refused to commit reserves or reinforcements to front - line units , and after eight months of the siege was one of the first to urge acceptance of the surrender terms extended by Japanese general Nogi Maresuke at the end of 1904 . Taken as a prisoner of war by the Japanese after the fall of Port Arthur , he returned to Russia ( and strong public criticism ) after the end of the war . He was arrested and brought before a court martial on his return , but was acquitted and released from military service in 1908 . Fok later participated in the Balkan War of 1912 - 1913 as a volunteer in the Bulgarian Army . He died in 1926 .
Mill Springs National Cemetery Mill Springs National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the town of Nancy , eight miles ( 13 km ) west of the city of Somerset in Pulaski County , Kentucky . It encompasses , and as of the end of 2005 , had 3 , 011 interments . History . The site of Mill Springs National Cemetery was originally the battlefield cemetery of the Battle of Mill Springs , Sunday 19 January 1862 , initially designated Logan ' s Cross Roads Cemetery . Soldiers who fell in the battle were buried in large trenches . After the Civil War , it became an official National Cemetery and had its name changed . Many battlefield cemeteries in the region had their remains transferred to Mill Springs . In 1867 , additional land was donated to the federal government for the cemetery by William H . Logan , and he and his wife were buried in the cemetery upon their deaths . Mill Springs National Cemetery was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1998 . Mill Springs National Cemetery was on the list of the first National Cemeteries created . As small as it is , the cemetery still receives burials . It is one of the oldest National Cemeteries still in operation .
Fort McIntosh , Texas Fort McIntosh was a military base in Laredo , Webb County , Texas , that existed from 1849 to 1946 . Fort McIntosh was established in 1849 to guard the Texas frontier at the site of a strategic river crossing . Originally named Camp Crawford , the fort was renamed Fort McIntosh in 1850 in honor of Lieutenant Colonel James Simmons McIntosh , a hero in the Battle of Molino del Rey during the Mexican - American War . The fort was abandoned by Federal troops at the outbreak of the American Civil War . The Battle of Laredo took place near the fort on March 19 , 1864 , when seventy - two men repelled three attacks from a force of two hundred Federal soldiers sent from Brownsville , Texas On October 23 , 1865 , the post was re - occupied by federal troops of the 2nd Texas Cavalry . In the late 19th century , Several African American units among them the Tenth Cavalry , the " Buffalo Soldiers " , were stationed at Fort McIntosh . Other forts in the frontier fort system were Forts Griffin , Concho , Belknap , Chadbourne , Fort Stockton , Fort Davis , Fort Bliss , McKavett , Clark , Richardson , Fort Inge and Phantom Hill in Texas , and Fort Sill in Oklahoma . There were " sub posts or intermediate stations " including Bothwick ' s Station on Salt Creek between Fort Richardson and Fort Belknap , Camp Wichita near Buffalo Springs between Fort Richardson and Red River Station , and Mountain Pass between Fort Concho and Fort Griffin . During World War I , the fort was used as a training base and saw over 15 , 000 recruits pass through the gates . During World War II , the 8th Service Command , the 56th Cavalry Brigade , the Southern Land Frontier , the Civil Air Patrol , and battalion of military police all were stationed at the facility at one time or another . The fort was deactivated in 1946 , and the land is now part of the campus of Laredo Community College main campus . The Laredo United States Army Reserve 340th Quarter Master Company is located within the fort . National Register of Historic Places . The National Register of Historic Places added Fort McIntosh ( # 75002011 ) to its registered historic districts in 1975 . Its areas of historic significance are its 1850 - 1924 Late Vistorian Architecture and Military background . All of Fort McIntosh buildings have been preserved and remodeled and today they serve as educational buildings for the Laredo Community College . The former Holding Institute boarding school was established south of Fort McIntosh from 1881 – 1954 , when it relocated to north Laredo because of funding . The institution closed in 1983 and was revived as a community center in downtown Laredo in 1987 . 881 -
PLZ - 05 The PLZ - 05 or the Type 05 is a 155 mm self - propelled howitzer developed by the People ' s Liberation Army of China to replace the Type 59 - 1 130mm . The PLZ - 05 was officially unveiled at the Military Museum of the Chinese People ' s Revolution to mark the 80th anniversary of the PLA in July 2007 , and first entered service with the PLA in 2008 . Variants . PLZ - 05 / Type 05 . Self - propelled howitzer with a 52 caliber barrel , 800 hp diesel engine & gross weight of 35 tonnes . It is deployed only with the People ' s Liberation Army . PLZ - 52 . The PLZ - 52 is a 155mm / 52 caliber tracked self - propelled howitzer similar in appearance to the PLZ - 45 , but based on a slightly different hull . Having a gross vehicle weight of 43 tonnes , the PLZ - 52 features a new powerpack , which consists of a diesel engine developing 1 , 000 hp at 2 , 300 rpm coupled to a fully automatic transmission . This gives a maximum road speed of up to 65 km / h and an operational range up to 450 km . The PLZ - 52 howitzer has a maximum firing range of 53 km ( with ERFB - BB - RA projectiles ) , maximum firing rate of eight rounds per minute , a burst firing rate of three rounds per fifteen seconds , and a multiple - round simultaneous impact capability of four rounds . The driver and powerpack are at the front of the hull with a fully enclosed turret at the rear . It has torsion bar suspension with six dual rubber tyred road wheels , a drive sprocket at the front , idler at the rear and track return rollers . The PLZ - 52 is offered for export . PLZ - 04 . Self - propelled howitzer with a 54 caliber barrel and apparently offered for export . Operators . 1 . Shenyang Military Region , a Total of 60 . 2 . Beijing Military Region , a Total of 72 . 3 . Nanjing Military Region , a Total of 36 . 4 . Guangzhou Military Region , a Total of 72 .
SM UC - 52 SM " UC - 52 " was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 23 January 1917 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 15 March 1917 as SM " UC - 52 " . In 7 patrols " UC - 52 " was credited with sinking 17 ships , either by torpedo or by mines laid . She notably destroyed the battleship " Suffren " when one of her torpedoes hit an ammunition magazine . " UC - 52 " was surrendered on 16 January 1919 and broken up at Morecambe .
170th Group The 170th Group ( 170 GP ) is a unit of the Nebraska Air National Guard , stationed at Offutt Air Force Base , Omaha , Nebraska . If activated to federal service , the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command . Mission . The 170th Group administratively organizes Nebraska ANG members assigned to Offutt under the Offutt AFB Future Total Force Initiative . The 170th evolved from Detachment 1 , Headquarters Nebraska ANG established in June 2002 . Under this initiative , highly qualified ANG instructor aircrew integrate into the 338th Combat Training Squadron to provide initial qualification , re - qualification and upgrade training to active duty and ANG aircrew members . Within the 170th Group , these instructors are part of the Nebraska ANG ’ s 238th Combat Training Squadron . Likewise , experienced ANG personnel integrate into various sections within the 55th Operations Support Squadron to increase their capability to support the global operations of the 55th Wing , providing training and operational support to the active duty 55th Wing ' s global command and control and intelligence missions . These functional areas include requirements , weapons and tactics , intelligence , base operations , weather , and aviation resource management . Within the 170th Group , ANG members are part of the NE ANG ’ s 170th Operations Support Squadron . Overall , the 170th Group consists of 80 authorized personnel , to include 35 full - time and 45 traditional , or part - time , ANG members . The 170th was reactivated in a ceremony on 7 July 2007 at Offutt Air Force Base . History . Established at Newark Airport on 18 January 1964 when the 150th Air Transport Squadron was expanded from a squadron to Group level . Operated C - 121 Constellation long distance transports , primarily for passenger movements to Europe , also flew to the Caribbean and to Japan , Thailand , South Vietnam , Australia and the Philippines during the Vietnam War . The Constellations were retired in 1973 , being replaced with the C - 7 Caribou light transport , which were withdrawn from service in the Vietnam War . The C - 7s were used for carrying small payloads in combat areas with rough airstrips . In 1977 upon the receipt of Boeing KC - 135 Stratotanker s the unit became the 150th Air Refueling Squadron . On 1 October 1993 , the 170th Air Refueling Group was consolidated with the New Jersey Air National Guard ' s senior 108th Air Refueling Wing at McGuire for budgeting resaons . The 170th Air Refueling Group was inactivated while its 150th Air Refueling Squadron remained active , being assigned to the 108th Operations Group as its second KC - 135 Squadron ( along with the 141st ARS ) .
Hugh Hamilton ( sailor ) Hugh Hamilton ( born 1830 , date of death unknown ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay . Born in 1830 in New York City , Hamilton was still living in the state of New York when he joined the Navy . He served during the Civil War as a coxswain on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 , he " performed his duties with skill and courage " despite heavy fire . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on December 31 , 1864 . Hamilton ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Richmond " during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram " Tennessee " in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Despite damage to his ship and the loss of several men on board as enemy fire raked her decks , Hamilton performed his duties with skill and courage throughout the prolonged battle which resulted in the surrender of the rebel ram " Tennessee " and in the successful attacks carried out on Fort Morgan .
USS Estella ( SP - 537 ) USS " Estella " ( SP - 537 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Estella " was built in 1912 as a private motorboat . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Estella " ( SP - 537 ) on 24 May 1917 . Assigned to the 1st Naval District , " Estella " operated on patrol duties in northern New England waters for the rest of World War I and into 1919 . " Estella " was stricken from the Navy List on 13 June 1919 and sold in 1920 .
Impetuoso - class destroyer The Impetuoso class were the first post war destroyer s built for the Italian Navy . The hull design was based on the uncompleted " Comandante " class destroyers but American equipment ( guns , radar , machinery ) was used . A scheme to install guided missiles during a modernisation programme was proposed but not carried out . The two ships were ordered in 1952 , entered service in 1957 and were retired in the early 1980s .
Saint George ' s Memorial Church , Ypres Saint George ' s Memorial Church , Ypres , Belgium , was built to commemorate over 500 , 000 British and Commonwealth troops , who had died in the three battles fought for the Ypres Salient , during World War I . The church was built following an appeal led by The Ypres League and its President Field Marshal Sir John French , Earl of Ypres , for a British memorial church to be built . Land was given by the town , and the foundation stone was laid by Field Marshal Lord Plumer on July 24 , 1927 . The church was consecrated by the Bishop of Fulham on March 24 , 1929 . The architect was Sir Reginald Blomfield . The church is part of the Diocese in Europe of the Church of England . The church is open every day from 9 : 30 am until dusk ( 4 pm in winter ) . Location :
Australian War Records Section The Australian War Records Section was an Australian military unit of World War I responsible for collecting and preserving records and artifacts relating to Australia ' s experiences in the war . The section was formed on 16 May 1917 under the command of Captain John Treloar and eventually grew to a strength of over 600 military and civilian personnel . It collected over 25 , 000 objects as well as paper records , photographs and works of art . In 1919 the Australian War Memorial was formed on the basis of the section ' s collection and Treloar was appointed its director the next year . As such , the Australian War Records Section is considered to be Memorial ' s parent organisation .