naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
MILAN ( missile ) MILAN ( ; , " " milan ( e ) " is French for " kite " " ) is a European anti - tank guided missile . Design of the MILAN started in 1962 . It was ready for trials in 1971 , and was accepted for service in 1972 . It is a wire guided SACLOS ( Semi - Automatic Command to Line - Of - Sight ) missile , which means the sight of the launch unit has to be aimed at the target to guide the missile . The MILAN can be equipped with a MIRA thermal sight , or MILIS to give it night - firing ability . History . MILAN is a French and German missile that has been license - built by Italy , Spain , Britain and India . As it is guided by wire by an operator , this missile can avoid most countermeasure s ( flares and chaffs ) . The drawbacks are its short range , the exposure of the operator , and that it requires a skilled and well - trained operator . Variants . The later MILAN models have tandem HEAT warheads . This was done to keep pace with developments in Soviet armour technology . Soviet tanks began to appear with explosive reactive armour , which could defeat earlier ATGM s . The smaller precursor HEAT warhead penetrates and detonates the ERA tiles , paving the way for the main HEAT warhead to penetrate the armour behind .
Constantine Doukas ( died 1179 ) The " sebastos " Constantine Doukas ( ; died 8 April 1179 ) was a Byzantine general and provincial governor under Emperor Manuel I Komnenos . His relation with the prestigious Doukas family is unknown . What little is known of him comes from a short biographical notice in a manuscript ( " Par . gr . " 1564 , " fol . " 18r ) . According to it , in 1173 Emperor Manuel sent Constantine to help defend Ancona in Italy , a Byzantine ally , against a combined attack from Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and the Republic of Venice . The siege lasted for seven months , but Constantine successfully defended the city from capture . Subsequently he was sent as governor ( " doux " ) in Dalmatia and Dyrrhachium . He died of pleurisy at his home on 8 April 1179 .
Glenn H . English , Jr . Glenn Harry English , Jr . ( April 23 , 1940 – September 7 , 1970 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Vietnam War . Biography . English joined the Army from Philadelphia , Pennsylvania in 1962 , and by September 7 , 1970 was serving as a Staff Sergeant in Company E , 3d Battalion , 503rd Infantry Regiment , 173rd Airborne Brigade . On that day , in Phu My District , Republic of Vietnam , he attempted to save a man trapped inside a burning armored personnel carrier , despite warnings the vehicle could explode at any moment . The personnel carrier did explode , and both English and the man he was trying to rescue were killed . English , aged 30 at his death , was buried at the Fort Bragg Main Post Cemetery in Fort Bragg , North Carolina . Medal of Honor citation . Staff Sergeant English ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : S / Sgt . English was riding in the lead armored personnel carrier in a 4 - vehicle column when an enemy mine exploded in front of his vehicle . As the vehicle swerved from the road , a concealed enemy force waiting in ambush opened fire with automatic weapons and anti - tank grenades , striking the vehicle several times and setting it on fire . S / Sgt . English escaped from the disabled vehicle and , without pausing to extinguish the flames on his clothing , rallied his stunned unit . He then led it in a vigorous assault , in the face of heavy enemy automatic weapons fire , on the entrenched enemy position . This prompt and courageous action routed the enemy and saved his unit from destruction . Following the assault , S / Sgt . English heard the cries of 3 men still trapped inside the vehicle . Paying no heed to warnings that the ammunition and fuel in the burning personnel carrier might explode at any moment , S / Sgt . English raced to the vehicle and climbed inside to rescue his wounded comrades . As he was lifting 1 of the men to safety , the vehicle exploded , mortally wounding him and the man he was attempting to save . By his extraordinary devotion to duty , indomitable courage , and utter disregard for his own safety , S / Sgt . English saved his unit from destruction and selflessly sacrificed his life in a brave attempt to save 3 comrades . S / Sgt . English ' s conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the cost of his life were an inspiration to his comrades and are in the highest traditions of the U . S . Army .
Surface warfare Modern naval warfare is divided into four operational areas : surface warfare , air warfare , submarine warfare and information warfare . Each area comprises specialized platforms and strategies used to exploit tactical advantages unique and inherent to that area . Surface warfare involves surface ship s . Description . Modern surface warfare dates from the mid - 20th century , when surface , air , and submarine warfare components were blended together as a tactical unit to achieve strategic objectives . In US Navy doctrine , the two most important strategic objectives are interdiction and sea control . Surface Warfare ( SuW ) is conducted by a surface ship which includes Anti - Surface Warfare ( ASuW ) , Anti - Air Warfare ( AAW ) , Anti - Submarine Warfare ( ASW ) , Naval Gun Fire Support ( NGFS ) , Riverine Operations , Mine Warfare , and Electronic Warfare . In the second half of the 20th century , the importance of naval surface power was reduced as air and submarine warfare platforms demonstrated their capabilities . This lesson was brought home through the surprising results of the Battle of Taranto , the Battle of Pearl Harbor , and the sinking of " Prince of Wales " and " Repulse " . Following WWII , guided anti - ship missiles required new tactics and doctrines . Small , fast , relatively cheap missile boats became a threat for large ships , much more serious than previous torpedo boats . Proof of concept arrived on 20 Oct 1967 with the loss of an Israeli destroyer " Eilat " to Egyptian missile boat s . In the 21st century , it has been clearly demonstrated that a modern navy must be composed of all three platforms ( surface , submarine , and air ) to be effective in projecting naval power and maintaining blue water sea control . Ships . When people think of naval vessels , they usually think of heavily armed ships , such as : battleship s , aircraft carrier s , cruiser s , destroyer s , frigate s , and others . Surface combatants also include mine warfare ship s , amphibious command ship s , coastal defense ship s , amphibious assault ship s , and many others . An important facet of naval warfare are however the support ships ( that is , non - combat ships ) : freighters , oilers , hospital ships , tugs , troop transports , and others . In the U . S . Navy model , now widespread in the world , all kinds of ships would be primarily organized into the carrier battle group .
Weaponry ( radio program ) Weaponry , on WBAI radio , is the only regularly scheduled broadcast program about weapons on the air in the United States . Devoted to military and aviation technology , history , hardware , policy , news , reviews , and analysis , all interspersed with totally inappropriate music , " Weaponry " has been on the air since 1982 , from WBAI radio , 99 . 5 FM in the New York City metropolitan area , and online , Wednesday mornings ( latenight Tuesdays ) from 1 : 30 a . m . to 3 : 30 a . m . Also 24 / 7 Podcast / archive ( 90 days ) at wbai . org Over the years , guests have included a number of historians and specialists in the fields of military and aviation science , history , and technology , among them Eric Foner and Albert Nofi . Host Tom Wisker is a scholar of the USAAF early in the Pacific War , the Israeli Air Force , and TACAIR in general . Only Bill Wolf knows more than Tom does about the Consolidated B - 32 " Dominator " heavy bomber , and that by just a hair . Tom Wisker , the host of " Weaponry " since its inception , is a member of board of the New York Military Affairs Symposium , and of several other military and aviation historical organizations .
Walther Schroth Walther Schroth ( 3 June 1882 – 6 October 1944 ) was a highly decorated General der Infanterie in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He also served on the " Court of Military Honour , " a drumhead court - martial that expelled many of the officers involved in the July 20 Plot from the Army before handing them over to the People ' s Court . Walther Schroth died in an auto accident on 6 October 1944 in Wiesbaden .
Nashira ( AK - 85 ) " Nashira " ( AK - 85 ) was never commissioned and thus never bore the USS designation and had no significant naval service . " Nashira " ( AK - 85 ) , named after Nashira , the third brightest star in the constellation Capricorn , was a Maritime Commission type N3 - M - A1 cargo vessel originally assigned the name SS " Josiah Paul " . The ship was transferred from the control of the Maritime Commission to the U . S . Navy 1 January 1943 , prior to the start of construction . Renamed " Nashira " 30 October 1943 , she was laid down by Penn - Jersey Shipbuilding Corp . , Camden , New Jersey , 1 November 1943 ; launched 23 April 1944 ; sponsored by Miss Patricia Palmer ; delivered to the Navy 25 April 1944 ; and transferred to the U . S . Army the same day for use as a U . S . Army Port Repair ship . " Nashira " was struck from the Navy List 9 June 1944 . The Army renamed the ship " Richard R . Arnold " after an Engineer officer , Colonel Richard R . Arnold , on General Eisenhower ' s personal staff killed by a mine 6 June 1943 in North Africa while commanding the 20th Engineer Regiment . The ship and its crew served as part of the Army Corps of Engineers ( 1070th Engineer Service Detachment ) in the Pacific during 1945 , participated in the Battle of Luzon ( Philippines ) , crossed the equator four times , was present in Japan after the war , and returned to San Francisco on 24 December 1945 . The ship was eventually sold to Kelbar , Inc . in the late 1960s as a repair ship possibly until 1984 .
Yoro Diakité Yoro Diakité ( 17 October 1932 – 13 June 1973 ) was a Malian politician and military figure . Diakite was the Prime Minister of Mali from 19 November 1968 to 18 September 1969 . After being accused of organizing a coup attempt in 1971 , he was condemned to life imprisonment and died in the Taoudenni prison camp in June 1973 .
Wake Island Device The Wake Island Device is an award device of the United States military which is presented as a campaign clasp to both the Navy and Marine Corps Expeditionary Medals . The Wake Island Device is authorized for any sailor or marine who was awarded the Navy or Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal due to service during the defense of Wake Island during the opening days of U . S . involvement in the Second World War . To be awarded the Wake Island Device , a service member must have been awarded either the Navy Expeditionary Medal , or the Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal , and must have served on Wake Island between the dates of December 7 and December 22 , 1941 . The Wake Island Device is worn as a campaign clasp , inscribed with the words “ Wake Island ” , centered on the upper portion of the Navy or Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal . When wearing the Expeditionary Medal as a ribbon , the Wake Island Device is annotated by a silver “ W ” device , centered on the decoration .
Thomas Baillie Thomas Baillie ( 4 October 1796 – 20 May 1863 ) became a lieutenant in the Royal Welsh Fusiliers in 1815 , saw some service during the flight of Napoleon Bonaparte and then served at Limerick ( Ireland ) . He married in 1824 , entered the Colonial Office the same year , and quickly was appointed commissioner of Crown land s and Surveyor General of New Brunswick . This important appointment was likely due to family influence and obligations owed to the Baillie family . The colonial secretary , Lord Bathurst , was a name often use by Baillie during his time in New Brunswick to bolster his authority . Baillie ' s years in New Brunswick were often a study in the arrogant exercise of power although the Colonial Office was supportive of his results .
Necdet Özel General Necdet Özel ( born Ankara , 1950 ) is the Chief of the Turkish General Staff since 2011 . He is only the second in the position not to have NATO experience . He graduated from the Military Academy in 1969 and the Infantry School in 1970 . He served as a platoon leader and company commander in various units of the Turkish Land Forces Command ( TLFC ) until 1978 . Following his graduation from Army War College in 1980 as a staff officer , he respectively served as Operations Plan Officer at Turkish Peace Forces HQ in Cyprus , Branch Chief and then as the Secretary General at the General Secretariat of Turkish Land Forces , Chief of Staff at the Turkish Military Academy , and as the Commander of the 17th Infantry Regiment . Having promoted to Brigadier General in 1995 , he served as the Commander of the 172nd Armored Brigade and as the Chief of Internal Security Operations Department , TLFC . After his promotion to Major General in 1999 , he assumed the command of 39th Mechanized Infantry Division and of the Army War College . In 2003 , he was promoted to Lieutenant General and served as the Commander of the 7th Corps and then as the Deputy Commander of Training and Doctrine Command , TLFC . As a General , he served as the Commander of Aegean Army between 2007 - 2008 , as the Commander of the 2nd Army between 2008 - 2010 , and as the Commander of Gendarmerie between 2010 - 2011 . After serving as the Commander of TLFC and as the Acting Commander of the Turkish Armed Forces between 29 July and 4 August 2011 , he assumed the command of Turkish Armed Forces ( TAF ) in 4 August 2011 . General Necdet Özel was awarded TAF Courage and Self - Sacrifice Medal , TAF Distinguished Service Medal , TAF Medal of Honor , Romanian Military Legion of Merit , Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic , Mongolian Distinguished Service Medal , Korean Republic National Security Legion of Merit , Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Medal of Excellent Rank and Jordan Excellent Gendarmerie Medal . General Necdet Özel is married to Kamuran Özel , with a child .
Wight Twin The Wight Twin was a British large twin - engined aircraft of the First World War . It was a twin - engined , twin boom biplane . One was built as a landplane for France , while three more similar aircraft were built as Seaplane s for the British Royal Naval Air Service . Both versions were unsuccessful , and saw no service . Development and design . In summer 1914 , just before the outbreak of World War I , the French government ordered a single example of a twin - engined bomber from the Samuel White shipyard based at Cowes , Isle of Wight . The result , designed by Howard T . Wright , chief designer of White ' s aircraft department ( which operated as Wight Aircraft after its location ) , was a very large twin boom biplane with five - bay folding wings , powered by two 200 hp ( 149 kW ) Salmson water - cooled radial engines fitted in the front of the fuselage booms . The crew of three was housed in a small central nacelle between the twin booms and situated on the lower wing . The Twin Landplane was completed in July 1915 , and was found to have adequate flying characteristics during testing at Eastchurch during August . In September 1915 , however , a French test pilot crashed the Twin Landplane during acceptance testing , and the contract for the aircraft was cancelled . At the same time , the British Admiralty required a long range aircraft capable of carrying the 18 inch torpedoes thought necessary to sink large warships . An order was therefore placed with Samuel White ' s for a large torpedo carrying aircraft . The resulting Twin Seaplane was based closely on the Twin Landplane , with the central nacelle removed and cockpits for the crew of two fitted in the two fuselages behind the wings . The first prototype , which was delayed by the unavailability of the engines , was completed in 1916 , but proved during testing to be unable to carry both a torpedo and a full fuel load . Two modified aircraft followed , with longer float struts and new tail surfaces . These two aircraft also proved underpowered , and the type was abandoned , with the last Twin Seaplane written off in 1917 .
Arbitio Arbitio ( fl . 354 - 366 ) was a Roman general ( " magister militum " ) and Consul who lived in the middle of the 4th century . In the Reign of Constantius II . He was a general of Constantine I and reached the highest military positions in the Roman army under his son and successor Constantius II and became magister equitum ( commander of the cavalry ) . In 355 he was made consul together with Quintus Flavius Maesius Egnatius Lollianus . Arbitio was a well trusted courtier of Constantius and some modern historians have suggested he was his military strongman . Arbitio intrigued against Claudius Silvanus , Ursicinus and Barbatio and played a role in their downfalls . Historian Ammianus Marcellinus says he was " keen and eager in plotting treachery " , and describes him as " fickle flatterer " to Constantius II . In the Reign of Julian . After the death of Constantius in 361 , he was appointed chairman of the Chalcedon tribunal by the new Emperor Julian . In this function he was responsible for the conviction of Paulus Catena and many ministers and followers of Constantius . Arbitio did not take part in the Persian campaign of Julian , but instead retired to live as a private citizen . In the Reign of Valens . A couple of years after Julian ' s death , a maternal relative of Julian named Procopius made an attempt to usurp the Eastern Empire . Arbitio himself was courted by this Procopius . However , Arbitio ignored the summons of Procopius , who , in response , confiscated his properties . This action led Arbitio to join Procopius ' opponent , Valens , who appointed Arbitio " ad hoc " magister militum " " . During the subsequent campaign , Arbitio was able to convince Gomoarius , a general in the army of Procopius and an old friend of Arbitio , to desert to Valens . Eventually , Procopius was deserted by most of his troops , and attempted to hide from his fate , but was tied up by two of his attendants and turned over to Valens , who had both the usurper and his betrayers executed . What happened to Arbitio after this time is unknown , although it is reasonable to assume that he retired , and subsequently died without taking any further part in matters of state .
Billion Dollar Gift and Mutual Aid The Billion Dollar Gift and Mutual Aid were financial incentives instituted by Canada ' s C . D . Howe during World War II . Due to its expenditure on war materiel , Britain lacked reserves of gold and US $ s , to pay for the placed and future orders with Canadian industry . At the same time , following expansion Canadian industry was dependent on British contracts and pre - war had had a positive balance of trade with the UK but with the establishment of Lend - Lease the UK might place future orders with the US . The Billion Dollar Gift was given in January 1942 , coupled with a C $ 700 million no - interest loan , both anticipated to last just over a year . It did not last until the end of 1942 . It was replaced in May 1943 with the " War Appropriation ( United Nations Mutual Aid ) Act , 1943 " which provided for aid to the UK and the other Allies and lasted until the end of the war . The magnitude of these contributions made them one of Canada ' s greatest contributions to the war effort . The two grants totalled over C $ 3 billion . Rather than simply money , Canada provided materiel and services , including things like food , ammunition , and raw materials , as well as things like corvette s , Park ship s , & radar sets , most of which went to the Commonwealth ; some , like radars , also went to the U . S . In 1943 , Canada had the fourth - highest industrial production among the Allies , led by the United States , the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom . Canada also loaned $ 1 . 2 billion on a long - term basis to Britain immediately after the war ; these loans were fully repaid in late 2006 .
29th Infantry Division ( Poland ) 29th Grodno Infantry Division ( Polish : " 29 Grodzienska Dywizja Piechoty " ) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period . It was created in early 1920s , after the army of Republic of Central Lithuania was absorbed by the Polish Army . The newly created unit took over regiments that had been part of 1st Lithuanian - Belarusian Infantry Division . The 29th I . D . was stationed in Grodno , with one regiment garrisoned in Suwałki . It consisted of these units : Polish September Campaign . In August 1939 the Division , under Colonel Ignacy Oziewicz , was transferred to the reserve Prusy Army of General Stefan Dąb - Biernacki . On September 1 , first day of the war , it unloaded from trains in the area of Skierniewice . Then , it marched towards Rawa Mazowiecka and on September 3 , it took up defensive positions along the Pilica . On September 5 , German 1st Panzer Division , after crushing regiments of the Polish 19th Infantry Division , advanced towards Tomaszów Mazowiecki . At that moment , commandant of the Prusy Army , unaware of the situation , was planning to counterattack the Germans , which was supposed to take place on the night of September 5 – 6 . However , on September 5 , at 9 pm , commander in chief of the Polish Army informed him to withdraw north of Piotrków Trybunalski . This order did not reach all Polish units , and the 76th Lida Infantry Regiment attacked the Germans , managing to capture a village . Soon afterwards , Polish advance was stopped . Other regiments of the Division also attacked the Germans , along the road from Piotrkow to Radomsko and fighting with bayonets . In the course of the time , however , the Wehrmacht resistance stiffened and , supported by artillery and tanks , the Germans counterattacked at 6 am on September 6 . After bloody skirmishes , most Polish soldiers died , those who survived retreated to the forests in the area of Koło . On September 7 , the Division continued withdrawal eastwards , to the Vistula . However , it was destroyed by the German 13th Motorized Division and ceased to exist as an organized unit . Last groups of soldiers crossed the Vistula near Dęblin by September 13 .
National Vessel Movement Center The National Vessel Movement Center , commonly abbreviated NVMC , is a military subdivision of the United States Coast Guard , assigned to record and monitor arrivals of ships within United States ports . Its purpose is to prevent terrorist attack . The NVMC commenced operations on October 15 , 2001 , relieving the United States Department of Transportation of this responsibility . 361 U . S . ports are on watch , with 55 ( 15 % ) indicated as militarily or economically critical . All ship classifications are monitored . Information recorded includes : The system is based on both a Notification System ( SANS ) and an NVMC database .
216th Battalion ( Bantams ) , CEF The 216th ( Bantams ) Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Toronto , Ontario , the unit began recruiting in early 1916 throughout Military District 2 . After sailing to England in April 1917 , the battalion was absorbed into the 3rd Reserve Battalion on April 29 , 1917 . The 216th ( Bantams ) Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . F . L . Burton . The 216th Battalion is perpetuated by The Governor General ' s Horse Guards . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .