naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Nathaniel M . Allen Corporal Nathaniel M . Allen ( April 20 , 1840 — July 30 , 1900 ) was a United States soldier who fought in the American Civil War . Nathaniel was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor - the United States ' highest award for bravery during combat - for his actions at the Battle of Gettysburg . He was presented the award in 1899 , a year before he died . Early life . Nathaniel was born in Boston , Massachusetts on April 20 , 1840 . His father Gaius Allen , who came from Acton , was a former soldier who served in the Davis Blues Regiment during the War of 1812 . As a young man , Nathaniel worked in Boston as a watchmaker . When the civil war broke out on April 12 , 1861 , he immediately enlisted into the 1st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry as a Private , on May 22 , 1861 , aged 21 . In April 1862 , he was promoted to Corporal of the Color Guard and maintained the rank for the rest of his military career . Battle of Gettysburg . The Battle of Gettysburg started on July 1 , 1863 and was fought until July 3 , 1863 . It was considered the turning point in the Civil War . It also created the highest number of casualties of the Civil War , with 23 , 055 Union troops killed , missing in action or wounded ; and 23 , 231 Confederate casualties . Allen ' s battle started on July 2 , one day into the battle . In the afternoon of that day , his regiment came under heavy small - arms fire from advancing Confederate infantry . In the midst of the fight , he was given the Regiment ' s U . S . flag from his wounded ensign William Eaton . Allen ' s commander then ordered the regiment to retreat from the advancing Confederates . Whilst retreating , Allen saw Sergeant William Kelren shot and killed - dropping the regimental flag beneath him . Allen immediately retrieved the flag and from underneath Kelren ’ s body . He then ran back to his retreating regiment carrying both flags safely from the battlefield . It was for this action he was awarded the Medal of Honor . More than half of Allen ’ s regiment were killed or wounded in the battle . Later years . After the Civil War ended , Nathaniel returned to Boston where he continued his old trade as a watchmaker . Several years later , however , Nathaniel ' s eyesight began to fail , making it impossible to work as a watchmaker . He then moved in with his sisters in South Acton , where he lived for the rest of his life . Nathaniel was awarded his medal of honor on 29 March 1899 . 36 years after the Battle of Gettysburg . Of the 1 , 527 Medals of Honor awarded for action in the Civil War , more than half were for capturing the flag of an enemy force or preventing one ’ s own flag from being captured . He died from nervous exhaustion and heart disease a year later on July 30 , 1900 , at age 60 . He was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in Acton .
Rolled homogeneous armour Rolled homogeneous armour ( RHA ) is a type of steel which is used to armour vehicles . Composition . Armoured steel must be hard yet impervious to shock in order to resist high velocity metal projectiles . Steel with these characteristics is produced by processing cast steel billets of appropriate size and then rolling them into plates of required thickness . Hot rolling homogenizes the grain structure of the steel , removing imperfections which would reduce the strength of the steel . Rolling also elongates the grain structure in the steel to form long lines , which enable the stress under which the steel is placed when loaded to flow throughout the metal , and not be concentrated into one area . RHA is called homogeneous armour because its structure and composition is uniform throughout its section . The opposite of homogeneous steel plate is face - hardened steel plate , where the face of the steel is composed differently to the substrate . The face of the steel , which starts as an RHA plate , is hardened by a heat - treatment process . History . From the invention of tanks through to the Second World War , tank armour increased in thickness to resist the increasing size and power of anti - tank guns . A tank with sufficient armour could resist the largest anti - tank guns then in use . RHA was commonly used during this period ( combined with other plate alloys and cast steel armour ) , and the power of an anti - tank gun was measured by the thickness of RHA it would penetrate . This standard test has remained in use despite the modern usage of many other types of armour , some of which do not include steel or even any metals . RHA was in common use as primary armour until after World War II , during which a new generation of anti - tank rounds using shaped charges instead of heavy high - velocity projectiles came into use . RHA was ineffective against these and fell out of use . Current use . Since World War II , because of a reduction in effectiveness against new weapons ( mainly shaped charge s and improved kinetic energy penetrators ) , RHA has been superseded by composite armour , which incorporates air spaces and materials such as ceramic s or plastics in addition to steel , and explosive reactive armour . For the testing and calibration of anti - tank guns , the term RHAe ( Rolled Homogeneous Armour equivalency ) is used when giving an estimate of either the penetrative capability of a projectile or the protective capability of a type of armour which may or may not be steel . Because of variations in armour shape , quality , material , and case - by - case performance , the usefulness of RHAe in comparing different armour is only approximate . Currently , most armoured vehicles have their basic structure formed from RHA to lend general strength and toughness . Specifications . For current United States Army use , RHA is produced to military standard MIL - DTL - 12560 by several manufacturers . Another standard is MIL - DTL - 46177 ; however , this standard has been inactivated , and all new designs should use MIL - DTL - 12560 . MIL - DTL - 46177 RHA is similar to SAE 4340 steel alloy .
Wolfgang von Bostell Wolfgang Hans Heiner Paul von Bostell ( 25 February 1917 – 10 May 1991 ) was a highly decorated Oberleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Wolfgang von Bostell was captured by Soviet troops in May 1945 and was held until October 1953 . During his career , he was credited with the destruction of 48 tanks and armoured vehicles .
USS Condor ( AMc - 14 ) USS " Condor " ( AMc - 14 ) was a coastal minesweeper of the United States Navy . The ship was constructed as the wooden - hulled purse seiner " New Example " at Tacoma , Washington in 1937 . Acquired by the U . S . Navy on 28 October 1940 and converted into a coastal minesweeper , she was commissioned as " Condor " on 18 April 1941 . U . S . Navy career . " Condor " was in Pearl Harbor when the attack occurred . In the early hours of 7 December 1941 , sailors and officers aboard " Condor " spotted what looked like a periscope out of the water in the entrance to the harbor . They later found out that they spotted the periscope of a Japanese midget submarine attempting to get into the harbor . " Condor " s report was sent to the destroyer which fired the first shots of the Pacific War . " Condor " spent the war in or near Hawaii with the U . S . Navy . " Condor " was decommissioned on 17 January 1946 , struck from the Navy List in February 1946 , and transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal on 24 July 1946 . Fate unknown .
Louis Gentil Field Louis Gentil Field is an abandoned airfield in Morocco , located approximately 6 km north - northeast of Youssoufia ( Doukkala - Abda ) ; about 170 km southwest of Casablanca History . Prior to World War II , Louis Gentil Airport was a regional airport built by the French Colonial government , named after a colonialist . The airport was seized by invading Allied forces shortly after the Operation Torch landings in November 1942 and used by the United States Army Air Force as a Twelfth Air Force fighter airfield during the North African Campaign . The 91st and 92d Fighter squadrons of the 81st Fighter Group briefly used the airfield from mid - December 1942 through early 1943 flying P - 39 Aircobra s . The squadrons moved up to Mediouna Airfield , and the airfield was returned to civil control . Today the remains of the main runway can be seen in an agricultural field , but no structures remain .
Type - 72Z Safir - 74 The T - 72Z is a highly modernized version of the T - 55 , the upgrades have been done by the Defense Industries Organization of Iran . The name Safir - 74 is used to refer to the Iranian T - 54 tanks which have gone through the same upgrades , while Type T - 72z is used to refer to Iran ' s Type 59 tanks which have gone through this upgrade . This tank should not be confused with the Russian T - 72 . Upgrades . Upgrades include mounting a new armament system consisting of 105mm barrel gun model M68 with a long operational life , effective range , precision , high firing power and simple replacement without removal of the turret , plus a Slovenian Fontana Electronic Fire Control System ( EFCS - 3 ) . Automatic / manual stabilization and firing of the gun improves the firing capability of mobile tank at moving or stable target . The Type 72Z uses a Ukrainian V46 - 6 diesel engine with 780 h . p . Easy driving and maneuverability can be increased with semi - automatic and automatic gear shifting modes . Installation of all power compartments ; engine , gear box , brake , steering , transfer case , cooling system and hydraulic system in an assembly called “ power pack " ensures lower repair time , quick mounting and dismantling of power pack . By employing reactive armour protection on this tank , protection against anti - tank weapons is increased .
54th ( West Norfolk ) Regiment of Foot The 54th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army . Originally formed in 1755 as the 56th Regiment of Foot it was renumbered as the 54th when the 50th Regiment and 51st Regiment were disbanded . It was renamed as 54th ( the West Norfolk ) Regiment of Foot on 31 August 1782 . As part of the Childers Reforms it was united with the 39th ( Dorsetshire ) Regiment of Foot , to form The Dorsetshire Regiment in 1881 .
African American Civil War Memorial The African American Civil War Memorial , at the corner of Vermont Avenue , 10th St , and U Street NW in Washington , D . C . , commemorates the service of 209 , 145 African - American soldiers and sailors who fought for the Union in the United States Civil War . The sculpture " The Spirit of Freedom " , a 9 - foot bronze statue by Ed Hamilton of Louisville , Kentucky , was commissioned by the DC Commission on the Arts and Humanities in 1993 and completed in 1997 . The memorial includes a walking area with curved panel short walls inscribed with the names of the men who served in the war . The complex is located at the eastern entrance to the U Street Metro station . The memorial was developed by the African American Civil War Memorial Freedom Foundation and Museum . It was transferred to the National Park Service ( NPS ) on October 27 , 2004 . The National Mall and Memorial Parks office of the NPS now manages the site . The related African American Civil War Museum is located directly across from the memorial at 1925 Vermont Avenue . From July 16 – 18 , 2011 , it celebrated its grand opening in a new and permanent facility at this address , with a weekend of speakers and events devoted to " Racial Reconciliation " . It plans four years of activities to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the war and African - American contributions . The museum opened in January 1999 in a building two blocks west of the memorial in the historic U Street Corridor , a neighborhood traditionally the heart of African - American entertainment and theater in Washington . The museum enables visitors , researchers , and descendants of the United States Colored Troops to better understand their stories . It displays photographs , newspaper articles , and replicas of period clothing , and uniforms and weaponry of the Civil War . The African American Civil War Memorial Registry at the museum documents the family trees of more than 2 , 000 descendants of those men who served with the USCT . Other descendants may register . Visitors can easily search the database to find ancestors and relatives registered in the Descendants Registry .
Wu Shengli Wu Shengli ( born August 1945 ) is a Chinese admiral . He is the seventh and current Commander in Chief of the People ' s Liberation Army Navy ( PLAN ) of the People ' s Republic of China . Biography . Wu was born in Wuqiao , Hebei Province . He attained the rank of Rear Admiral in 1994 , and Vice Admiral in 2003 . He was appointed the Commander of the PLA Navy in 2007 and was promoted to Admiral on 20 June 2007 . His former posts include chief of staff at the Fujian naval base , the president of Dalian Naval Academy , the commander of the Fujian naval base , vice commander of the East Sea Fleet , vice commander of the Guangzhou Military Region and commander of the Naval South Sea Fleet . He became deputy chief of staff of the PLA in 2004 . He is a member of the Communist Party of China and PLA Central Military Commissions . He is also a member of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China .
George VII of Georgia George VII ( Georgian : გიორგი VII , Giorgi VII ) ( died 1405 or 1407 ) was king of Georgia from 1393 to 1407 ( alternatively , from 1395 to 1405 ) . George was the son of the king Bagrat V and his first wife Helena of Trebizond ( died of bubonic plague , 1366 ) . Bagrat appointed him co - ruler in 1369 . In November 1386 , King Bagrat was defeated and taken prisoner by the Mongol warlord Timur Leng . Prince George organized a successful resistance to the next incursion and released his father . In 1393 , Bagrat died and George assumed full royal powers . He spent most of his reign fighting Timur who led seven more expeditions against the stubborn Georgian kingdom from 1387 to 1403 , leaving the country in ruins . Finally , in 1403 George had to make peace with the fierce enemy , recognising Timur as a suzerain and paying him tribute , but retaining the right to be crowned as a Christian monarch . He was killed in battle against the Turkmen nomads , apparently of the Kara Koyunlu clan . George VII may have died childless , as his brother , Constantine I became the next king .
USS Bennett ( DD - 473 ) USS " Bennett " ( DD - 473 ) , a " Fletcher " - class destroyer , was a ship of the U . S . Navy that was named for the naval aviator Floyd Bennett ( 1890 – 1928 ) , who flew towards the North Pole with Richard E . Byrd in 1926 , but did not make it there . The " Bennett " ( DD - 473 ) was launched on 16 April 1942 at the Boston Navy Yard , sponsored by Mrs . Floyd Bennett , the widow of Aviation Machinist Bennett . She was commissioned on 9 February 1943 with Commander E . B . Taylor in command . History . The " Bennett " arrived at Pearl Harbor on 31 May , and she then spent the next two months patrolling in the Hawaiian Islands . After escorting a convoy to Efate in the New Hebrides , she acted as a plane guard and patrolled out of Efate ( 27 August through 28 October ) . Moving to the Solomon Islands 4 November , she patrolled and escorted convoys until 5 April 1944 . Included in her service in the Solomon Islands was support of the Cape Torokina , Bougainville landings ( on 1 November 1943 on the western side of the island ) and Green Island ( on 15 February 1944 ) landings , and bombardments of the Japanese base at Kavieng on New Ireland , ( on 18 February 1944 ) and Rabaul , New Britain ( 29 February ) . The " Bennett " next steames north to take part in the invasions of Saipan ( 14 June through 1 July ) and of Guam ( 2nd through 16 August ) . Returning to the Central Pacific later in the month she supported the invasion of the Palaus ( Peleliu ) ( 6 through 25 September ) , and then she returned to San Francisco for upkeep work , arriving on 25 October 1944 . The " Bennett " returned to Pearl Harbor on 24 December , and she remained in Hawaiian waters for the next month . Then she steamed west to take part in the invasion of Iwo Jima ( 19 February through 5 March 1945 ) , where she was slightly damaged by a dud bomb ( 1 March ) . On 1 April she was a unit of the forces taking part in the invasion of Okinawa . At 08 : 50 , on 7 April , she was hit by an Imperial Japanese Navy kamikaze plane , damaging the forward engine room , and knocking out all of her electrical power . Seven sailors ultimately died from their injuries , and fourteen survived serious injuries . The " Bennett " was able to make it to the small naval base at Kerama Retto under her own power , and on the following day she departed for Saipan under tow of the fleet tugboat . After emergency repairs , she steamed to Puget Sound Navy Yard where she underwent further repairs ( May though August 1945 ) . In August she reported to Adak , in the Aleutian Islands , and then she made one voyage to Petropavlovsk on the Kamchatka Peninsula , with weather personnel ( 28 August through 26 September ) . Returning to San Diego , she was placed in commission in reserve on 21 December 1945 , and out of commission in reserve on 18 April 1946 . " Paraíba " . Stricken 1 August 1973 . " Bennett " was transferred to Brazil 15 December 1959 , where she was renamed Paraíba . The ship was stricken by the Brazilian Navy and scrapped in 1978 . Honors . " Bennett " received nine battle star s and a Navy Unit Commendation for her service in World War II .
Kouprasith Abhay General Kouprasith Abhay , also known by its nickname ' Fat K ' , was a Laotian military and political figure from the Vietnam War , also designated the Second Indochina War . He was born into the privileged ruling family of Khong Island . As commander of the Vientiane Military Region , he collaborated with Generals Ouane Rattikone and Siho Lamphouthakoun to launch a right - wing coup d ' état on April 19 , 1964 . In 1973 , he put down a coup attempt by Brigadier General Thao Ma , reportedly executing some 60 conspirators . Prior to the end of the Secret War , General Kouprasith Abhay was named Deputy Commander - in - Chief of the Royal Lao Army . He fled Laos in 1975 when Laos fell to the communist Pathet Lao . He became a one of the eight founders of the Neo Hom in 1981 , along with Prince Sisouk na Champassak and Vang Pao .
HMS Conn ( K509 ) HMS " Conn " was a " Buckley " class Captain class frigate during World War II . Named after Captain John Conn of at the Battle of Trafalgar . The Commanding Officers of HMS " Conn " were Lt C . D . Williams RN October 1943 and Lt Cdr R Hart DSC September 1944 , Senior Officer of the 21st Escort Group . General information . HMS " Calder " served with the Nore Command and the 21st Escort Group earning battle honours for service in the Arctic ( Russian Convoys ) , North Atlantic , English Channel , North Foreland and North Sea . References .
Semovente 75 / 34 The Semovente 75 / 34 was an Italian self - propelled gun in use during World War II . It was built by mounting a 75 mm L34 gun ( a longer gun than that on the Semovente 75 / 18 ) on the chassis of a M15 / 42 tank . 192 were built before the Italian surrender in September 1943 . The vehicle was never used in combat by the Italian army . Most were seized by German troops after Italy ' s surrender and used against the Allies in Italy and the Balkans until the end of the war .
88th Carnatic Infantry The 88th Carnatic Infantry were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1798 , when they were raised as the 2nd Battalion , 14th Madras Native Infantry . The regiments first action was in the Siege of Nagpore followed by the Battle of Mahidpur during the Third Anglo - Maratha War . They were involved in the First Burmese War ( 1823 – 26 ) and in 1900 , they were part of the relief force in the Boxer Rebellion in China . During World War I they were attached to the 9th ( Secunderabad ) Division which remained in India on internal security and training duties . Later they took part in the Mesopotamia Campaign and took part in the fighting in Kurdistan in 1919 . A second battalion was raised during the war , it was disbanded in 1921 . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 88th Carnatic Infantry was one of the nine remaining single battalion regiments and was disbanded .
MV Adula MV " Adula " was one of nine Royal Dutch / Shell oil tankers converted to become a Merchant Aircraft Carrier ( MAC ship ) . The group is collectively known as the " Rapana " class . MV " Adula " was built at Blytheswood and completed in March , 1937 as an oil tanker for the Royal Dutch / Shell line . She was converted at Falmouth to a MAC ship , entering service in February 1944 . As a MAC ship , she had no aircraft hangar , and continued to carry normal cargoes , although operating under Royal Navy control . Only her air crew and the necessary maintenance staff were naval personnel . At the end of the war , " Adula " was reconverted to an oil tanker . She served in this capacity until broken up for scrap at Briton Ferry in May 1953 .
USS Vengeance ( 1805 ) The second USS " Vengeance " was a brig in the United States Navy during the First Barbary War . " Vengeance " was purchased by the United States Navy at Boston , Massachusetts , in 1805 for use as a bomb ketch against the Barbary pirates . Commanded by Lieutenant William Lewis , she left Boston for the Mediterranean on 19 June and was with Capt . John Rodgers ' squadron of 13 warships when it appeared off Tunis on 1 August . Impressed by the American show of force , the Bey of Tunis elected to accept American peace terms , and " Vengeance " did not see action . Her subsequent movements are unknown , but she was broken up at New York City in 1818 .
18th U . S . Colored Infantry The Eighteenth Regiment of U . S . Colored Infantry ( aka : 18th Regt Infantry - U . S . Colored Troops ) was an African - American infantry regiment , raised in the state of Missouri , which served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . Organized in Missouri at large February 1 to September 28 , 1864 . Unlike other African - American regiments from the State of Missouri , the regiment was mustered directly into U . S . , rather than state service . Attached to District of St . Louis , Mo . , Department of Missouri , to December 1864 . Unassigned , District of the Etowah , Department of the Cumberland , December 1864 . 1st Colored Brigade , District of the Etowa , Dept . of the Cumberland , to January 1865 . Unassigned , District of the Etowah , Dept . of the Cumberland , March 1865 . 1st Colored Brigade , Dept . of the Cumberland , to July 1865 . 2nd Brigade , 4th Division , District of East Tennessee and Department of the Tennessee , to February 1866 . Detailed Service . Duty in District of St . Louis , Mo . , and at St . Louis until November 1864 . Ordered to Nashville , Tenn . , November 7 . Moved to Paducah , Kentucky , November 7 – 11 , thence to Nashville , Tenn . Occupation of Nashville during Hood ' s investment December 1 – 15 . Battles of Nashville December 15 – 16 . Pursuit of Hood to the Tennessee River December 17 – 28 . At Bridgeport , Alabama , guarding railroad until February 1865 . Action at Elrod ' s Tan Yard January 27 . At Chattanooga , Tennessee , and in District of East Tennessee until February 1866 . Mustered out February 21 , 1866 .