naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Washington ' s Crossing ( book ) Washington ' s Crossing is a Pulitzer Prize winning book written by David Hackett Fischer and part of the " Pivotal Moments in American History " series . The book is primarily about George Washington ' s leadership during the 1776 campaign of the American Revolutionary War , culminating with the famous crossing of the Delaware River and the subsequent campaign : Battle of Trenton , the Second Battle of Trenton and the Battle of Princeton . Organization . Fischer ' s work concerns the historical context of the crossing , including the crossing ' s precursors , the intensity of effort required to make the crossing itself , the effects upon the outcome of the American Revolutionary War made possible by the success of the crossing and the brilliant exploitation . Fischer follows up with more than 180 pages divided into appendices , source citations and acknowledgements . Using as his starting point , the famous painting " Washington Crossing the Delaware " by Emmanuel Leutze , Fischer continues through the shift in momentum resulting from this campaign . He shows that before the crossing , the British were intent upon attacking and defeating the revolutionaries . After the crossing and subsequent campaign , the British were focused on being attacked . Fischer proceeds through the aftermath , finishing with a discussion of how a new , American way of fighting developed during the campaign surrounding the crossing . That way of fighting includes an entrepreneurial spirit and a policy of humanity . The goal - oriented spirit guides America ' s warfare to this day : to win the war and return to every - day life with all dispatch . The policy of humanity was so attractive that large numbers of the Hessian enemy stayed in America and more returned with their families following the war . Acclaim . Fischer ' s work is admired as one of the most comprehensive books on the critical and suspenseful turning point of the American War of Independence . The book was published in February 2004 and it won the 2005 Pulitzer Prize for History .
830 Naval Air Squadron 830 Naval Air Squadron was a Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm squadron formed in Malta in July 1940 flying Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers . During 1940 – 41 the squadron carried out attacks against the Axis supply effort in the Mediterranean . These included torpedo attacks against merchant ships and their Royal Italian Navy warship escorts , and also bomb attacks on port installations in Sicily and Libya . In July 1941 the squadron began operations with ASV RDF airborne radar to locate ships . Operations were mostly by night , with some dusk bombing sorties to Sicily . By March 1942 the squadron was so depleted that it merged with 828 Naval Air Squadron and continued operations . By March 1943 , however , losses were such that the composite squadron ceased to exist . In May 1943 , 830 Squadron was reformed in its own right at Lee - on - Solent as a torpedo - bomber reconnaissance squadron operating Barracuda IIs . Most of the squadron ' s personnel at this time were New Zealanders . After completing training , in March 1944 the squadron embarked upon HMS " Furious " and subsequently participated in Operation Tungsten , a dive bombing attack on the German battleship " Tirpitz " . Throughout May to October the squadron alternated between the " Furious " and HMS " Formidable " and continued to carry out operations against the " Tirpitz " . In October 1944 the squadron was absorbed by 827 Naval Air Squadron and ceased to exist . The squadron was reformed in October 1955 with the Westland Wyvern turboprop strike fighter . Flying from HMS Eagle , 830 ' s Wyverns took part in Suez operation of November 1956 , before again disbanding in January 1957 .
ORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski ORP " Generał Kazimierz Pułaski " is one of two " Oliver Hazard Perry " - class guided - missile frigates of the Polish Navy . Formerly serving in the United States Navy as , after her transfer to Poland she was named for Kazimierz Pułaski , an American Revolutionary War hero in the United States and an independence hero in Poland . " Clark " was decommissioned and stricken on 15 March 2000 . That same day , she was transferred to Poland . She is propelled by two General Electric LM - 2500 gas turbines and two 350 horsepower ( 261 kW ) electric drive auxiliary propulsion units . She was renamed on 25 June 2000 in a ceremony attended by Madeleine Albright . Commander Marian Ambroziak was the first Polish Commanding Officer . " Generał Kazimierz Pułaski " is homeported at Gdynia ( Oksywie ) , and has participated in numerous NATO exercises in the Baltic .
HMS Ferret ( 1893 ) HMS " Ferret " was a which served with the Royal Navy from 1893 . She was armed with one 12 - pounder gun and two bow torpedo tubes . Later in her career she was fitted out for boom breaking as an experiment . Her forebridge , gun and bow tube were removed and the turtle backed forecastle was strengthened for this purpose . Fate . She was sunk as a target in 1911 .
Japanese destroyer Karukaya The was a of the Imperial Japanese Navy . One of a class of eight 2nd - class destroyers , the ship was built by the Fujinagata Shipyard in Osaka , Japan . She was laid down on 16 May 1922 , launched 19 March 1923 , and commissioned 20 August 1923 as " Dai - 18 - Go Kuchikukan " , the name being changed to " Karukaya " on 1 August 1928 . Design . The " Wakatake " - class destroyers were essentially slightly modified " Momi " - class ships with a deeper draft to improve handling characteristics in heavy seas , particularly against rolling . Weaponry layout , general arrangement and silhouette were all identical with the " Momi " class . The small displacement and shallow draft of the " Wakatake " class limited their use as fleet escorts . As with the " Momi " class , in the 1920s and 1930s , they were mainly used in Chinese coastal waters . " Karukaya " was refitted in the winter of 1941 – 1942 , with one of its 120 mm guns being replaced by six 25 mm Type 96 anti - aircraft cannon in two triple mounts , together with several 13 mm machine guns . The destroyer ' s minelaying and sweeping gear was removed to allow four depth charge throwers and up to 48 depth charge s to be fitted . World War II . " Karukaya " was assigned to the 32nd Destroyer Division on the outbreak of the war in the Pacific , and spent the early months of the war protecting shipping traffic in the Tsushima Straits . On 10 April 1942 , the 1st Surface Escort Division of the Southwest Area Fleet was created , and Destroyer Division 32 , including " Karukaya " was assigned to it to provide protection for convoys against Allied submarine activity . They initially escorted convoys running between Moji in Japan , Taiwan and the Philippines , but later added routes to Singapore , French Indochina , the Netherlands East Indies , and Palau . In the course of this service " Karukaya " set a record by successfully completing 54 convoy escorts before her loss . Loss . " Karukaya " was torpedoed and sunk by the submarine in the South China Sea west of Luzon on 10 May 1944 , at .
No . 1419 Flight RAF No . 419 ( Special Duties ) Flight was formed at RAF North Weald on 21 August 1940 , moving to RAF Stradishall where it was disbanded to form No . 1419 ( Special Duties ) Flight on 1 March 1941 , continuing to fly Westland Lysander STOL aircraft , Armstrong Whitworth Whitley bombers and Martin Maryland reconnaissance bombers on Special Operations Executive clandestine operations . The flight was disbanded at RAF Newmarket on 25 August 1941 to form No . 138 Squadron RAF which continued flying clandestine support missions for the remainder of WWII . No . 1419 ( Tactical Support ) Flight RAF was re - surrected at Basra , Iraq from elements of No . 28 Squadron RAF and No . 78 Squadron RAF from RAF Benson flying AgustaWestland Merlin HC . 3 helicopters in support of Operation Telic until the British drawdown in Iraq , the flight then being relocated to Afghanistan , in support of Operation Enduring Freedom
USS Adair ( APA - 91 ) USS " Adair " ( APA - 91 ) was a that served with the US Navy during World War II . Laid down as " Exchester " , " Adair " ( APA - 91 ) was named after counties in Iowa , Kentucky , and Missouri . She was launched 29 February 1944 by Bethlehem Sparrows Point Shipyard , Sparrows Point , Maryland , under a Maritime Commission contract ; transferred to the Navy 15 July 1944 ; and commissioned the same day , Captain S . P . Comly in command . World War II . During 1944 and 1945 " Adair " carried troops and cargo between Pearl Harbor , Eniwetok , Saipan , Tinian , Ulithi , Hollandia , Manus , and Guam , with two diversions to amphibious duty . Invasions of Luzon and Okinawa . From 11 to 12 January 1945 she participated in the Lingayen Gulf , Luzon , landings and from 1 to 5 April 1945 in the Invasion of Okinawa . After hostilities . With the end of World War II , she supported the occupation of Korea ( September – October ) and China ( 16 – 30 December ) . She also served with the Operation Magic Carpet fleet , returning American servicemen to the United States from the Pacific . Decommission . " Adair " reported to Commander , 5th Naval District , 8 March 1946 ; was decommissioned 30 April 1946 ; and returned to the Maritime Commission 3 May 1946 . She was struck from the Navy Vessel Register on 8 May 1946 . Awards . " Adair " received two battle star s for her World War II service . Commercial service . " Adair " was sold in 1947 to American Export Lines , Inc . , New York , who renamed her renamed SS " Express " . Later , she was sold again to the Mutual Steamship Operating Company . She was scrapped in 1970 .
Chickamauga Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Chickamauga of the American Civil War . The Confederate order of battle is listed separately . Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the campaign . Army of the Cumberland . MG William Rosecrans , Commanding Chief of Ordnance : Cpt Horace Porter General Headquarters XIV Corps . MG George Henry Thomas Headquarters Provost guard : Escort : XX Corps . MG Alexander McDowell McCook Headquarters Provost guard : < br > 81st Indiana Infantry , Company H : Cpt William J . Richards Escort : < br > 2nd Kentucky Cavalry , Company I : Lt George W . L . Batman XXI Corps . MG Thomas Leonidas Crittenden Headquarters Escort : < br > 15th Illinois Cavalry , Company K : Cpt Samuel B . Sherer Reserve Corps . MG Gordon Granger Cavalry Corps . BG Robert B . Mitchell
William Elles Lieutenant - General Sir William Kidston Elles ( 5 May 1837 - 5 August 1896 ) was a British Army officer . Early Life and Education . William Kidston Elles was the son of Malcolm J . Elles . He was educated at Sandhurst . Military career . Elles was commissioned as an ensign in the 38th Regiment of Foot in June 1854 . He served with the Regiment at the siege of Sebastopol in 1855 during the Crimean War and then during the Indian Mutiny in 1857 . He also served in the Hazara campaign of 1868 and then became Deputy Assistant Quarter Master General with the Intelligence Branch in 1877 , Assistant Adjutant General at Horse Guards in 1881 and a brigade commander with the Madras Army in 1885 . After taking part in the Third Anglo - Burmese War in 1885 , he became Adjutant - General in India in 1889 and then commanded the Hazara Expedition in 1891 . He also served as A . D . C . to Queen Victoria from 1881 - 90 . He went on to be Commander - in - Chief Bengal Command in April 1895 before dying in office from cholera in August 1896 . There is a memorial to him at Christ Church in Shimla .
AgustaWestland AW149 The AgustaWestland AW149 is a medium - lift military helicopter being developed by AgustaWestland . On 20 June 2011 AgustaWestland announced the AW189 , a civilian development of the AW149 , for service in 2013 . Design and development . The AW149 was unveiled at the 2006 Farnborough Air Show . Derived from the AW139 , the AW149 has a larger fuselage and more powerful engines , resulting in a greater cargo volume and payload carrying ability . The first prototype made its first flight 13 November 2009 from AgustaWestland ' s Vergiate manufacturing facility in northern Italy . The second prototype , the first with production model engines , made its first flight from Vergiate on 26 February 2011 . A version named TUHP149 , and the Turkish T - 70 version of the S - 70i Black Hawk , were candidates for the Turkish Utility Helicopter Programme ( TUHP ) . The programme covered an initial batch of 109 helicopters worth $ 4 billion , with a prospect for further orders in subsequent batches that may eventually top 300 . On 21 April 2011 the Turkish defence minister announced that the Sikorsky T - 70 Black Hawk had been declared the winner . AgustaWestland hopes to have military certification of the in - development AW149 helicopter in a baseline configuration by the end of 2013 . Italy ' s Armaereo military certification body will be presented with a baseline model with no mission equipment , countermeasures , or ballistic protection , which will be customer - specific items and require a second country - specific certification process . The landing gear can sustain a touchdown with a sink speed of 9 . 5 m / s , compared with the 2 m / s for a civilian helicopter . The AW149 is being marketed as an alternative to the Sikorsky UH - 60 Black Hawk family , but has yet to find a customer . The Italian Air Force considered it as a search and rescue helicopter , but chose the lighter AW139M . The AW149 is being offered for Poland ' s tri - service requirement for 70 helicopters against the Black Hawk and Eurocopter EC725 . AgustaWestland believes it can fill the missions of anti - submarine warfare , search and rescue , and troop transport , and can be manufactured in - country through its Polish subsidiary PZL - Swidnik .
Articles of Capitulation of Montreal The Articles of Capitulation of Montreal were agreed upon between the Governor General of New France , Pierre François de Rigaud , Marquis de Vaudreuil - Cavagnal , and Major - General Jeffrey Amherst on behalf of the French and British crowns . They were signed on the 8th of September 1760 in the British camp before the city of Montreal . There were 55 articles and most were granted by the British Army except those with reference to the Acadian s . It contained a large array of demands with regards to the protection of the inhabitants of New France : the French , the Canadians , the Acadians , and the " Sauvages " ( Indians ) . De Vaudreuil demanded that all be granted the rights and privileges of the other British subjects . The demands consisted an amnesty of Canadian militiamen who had fought for the French , the free exercise of the Roman Catholic faith , the continuation of the rights and privileges of the clergy and seigneurs and the guarantee of the rights enjoyed by the Native peoples under the French regime .
Hari Singh ( soldier ) Hari Singh AVSM ( 24 October 1922 – 14 March 2003 ) was a Brigadier in the Indian Army who played a significant role in the Indo - Pakistani War of 1965 . He was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal by the President of India for rendering distinguished service of an exceptional order .
Telogreika Telogreika ( ; lit . " body warmer " ) is a Russian kind of warm cotton wool - padded jacket . It was also a part of winter uniform first issued by the Red Army during the German - Soviet War . Telogreikas continued to be issued until the late 1960s . Variations . The basic cut the uniform followed was that of a quilted jacket and quilted trousers . The trousers had a button fly and tied at the bottom of the legs . There were usually pocket s on the hips of telogreika trousers and a button pocket on the front of the trouser leg . Telogreika jackets buttoned up the front , and the jacket sleeves buttoned closed . Early issue variants had high collars , though these were absent later on . Telogreika jackets usually had a single pocket on the front of the jacket . The clothing was usually khaki in colour , although black uniforms were issued to tank crews and some grey variants can be seen , sewn of cotton ( and later polyester - blend ) fabric with a cotton wool batting inside . The jacket and trousers usually had a rib bed design with the quilting , although this feature was absent on many of the non - Soviet issue uniforms Effectiveness . The telogreika was particularly effective at keeping the wearer warm in the harsh Russian Winter . When worn with valenki and an ushanka a wearer can comfortably remain warm in sub - zero temperatures for long periods . This made it the perfect uniform not just for the Red Army , but for both prisoners and guards of the Gulags . Issue . In contrast to the usual shortages in the Red Army , troops received regular issues of winter clothing , as their combat effectiveness could be hampered in cold conditions otherwise . The Wehrmacht also regularly made use of captured Red Army winter uniforms , often taking them from the deceased , due to the ineffectiveness of their own winter uniforms . The Telogreika faded from military issue in the early 1960s , being largely replaced by the return to the old woollen " shinel " greatcoat and the bushlat . In the early 1980s the introduction of the Afghanka field uniform marked the dawn of a new era in the Soviet Army . Today , the Telogreika is still used in Russia and many Soviet Bloc countries by private citizens . In Russia it is particularly popular amongst night watchmen and workers in the construction industry .
Samuel Wallis Samuel Wallis ( 23 April 1728 – London 21 January 1795 ) was an English navigator who circumnavigated the world . Wallis was born near Camelford , Cornwall . In 1766 he was given the command of HMS " Dolphin " to circumnavigate the world , accompanied by the " Swallow " under the command of Philip Carteret . The two ships were parted shortly after sailing through the Strait of Magellan , Wallis continuing to Tahiti , which he named " King George the Third ' s Island " in honour of the King ( June 1767 ) . Wallis himself was ill and remained in his cabin : lieutenant Tobias Furneaux was the first to set foot , hoisting a pennant and turning a turf , taking possession in the name of His Majesty . He continued to Batavia , where many of the crew died from dysentery , then via the Cape of Good Hope to England , arriving in May 1768 . He was able to pass on useful information to James Cook who was due to depart shortly for the Pacific , and some of the crew from the " Dolphin " sailed with Cook . In 1780 Wallis was appointed Commissioner of the Admiralty . The Polynesia n archipelago of Wallis and Futuna ( now a French overseas collectivity ) is named in his honour .
Ruangroj Mahasaranon General Ruangroj Mahasaranon ( born 28 March 1946 ; ) is a retired Thai army officer . From 2005 to 2006 he was the Supreme Commander of the Headquarters of the Royal Thai Armed Forces . Following the 2006 Thailand coup d ' état , ousted Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra attempted to put Ruangroj in power until Thaksin returned . However , Ruangroj was later named the Chief Advisor to the Council for Democratic Reform under Constitutional Monarchy ( CDRM ) . In August 2006 , Ruangroj visited junta leader Than Shwe in Myanmar , ostensibly to discuss border issues . In August 2007 , he surprised everyone – especially the junta – by his new political career as one of vice - leaders of People ' s Power Party .
Friedrich Georg Jünger Friedrich Georg Jünger ( 1 September 1898 , Hannover — 20 July 1977 , Überlingen ) was a German poet , author , and cultural critic essayist . The younger brother of Ernst Jünger , he volunteered for military service in 1916 and was seriously wounded in the Battle of Langemarck . After the First World War he studied law and cameralism at the universities of Leipzig and Halle - Wittenberg .
ČZ 522 The ČZ 522 was an assault rifle of Czechoslovak origin prior to the Vz . 58 , designed by Jiří Čermák at Česká zbrojovka . It used components similar to that of a German MG34 and slight resemblance to the StG - 44 and StG - 45 .
MA - 2 bomber jacket The MA - 2 bomber jacket ( also known as MA - 2 flight jacket or CWU - 45 flight jacket ) is a version of the MA - 1 bomber jacket that was originally designed for the U . S . military during the 1950s . The term MA - 2 was a trademark of the Cobles Clothing Company , adopted in the late 1980s when the CWU - 45 military jacket started to gain popularity in street fashion . When contested in court , Cobles lost the exclusive right to the use of the term as they had attempted to widen it to other garments and footwear which was not acceptable because of a legal technicality . The term MA - 2 has become so popular it is now used interchangeably with CWU - 45 to represent this type of jacket . There is also a lightweight version of this jacket , referred to as CWU - 36 . Design . The MA - 2 has several design changes compared to an MA - 1 ;
USS Syrma ( AK - 134 ) USS " Syrma " ( AK - 134 ) was an commissioned by the U . S . Navy for service in World War II . She was responsible for delivering troops , goods and equipment to locations in the war zone . " Syrma " ( AK - 134 ) , ex - " SS Andres Almonaster " ( MC hull 2455 ) , was laid down on 10 January 1944 by the Delta Shipbuilding Co . , New Orleans , Louisiana ; launched on 19 February 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . James L . Wallace ; acquired by the Navy on 20 March 1944 ; and commissioned on 21 March 1944 . World War II operations . " Syrma " was acquired from the War Shipping Administration on a bareboat charter and converted to naval use as an auxiliary cargo ship by the Todd - Galveston Drydock Co . , Galveston , Texas , from 27 March to 12 August 1944 . She sailed for Norfolk , Virginia , the next day and arrived there on the 20th to begin her shakedown cruise . She was in the yard from 26 to 31 August for a short availability period and sailed with a convoy on 3 September . Her orders were modified five days later to proceed independently to Gulfport , Mississippi . " Syrma " loaded cargo there from 10 to 14 September and moved to New Orleans to complete loading . Pacific Theatre operations . Syrma , moved to Mobile , Alabama , where she took " AFD - 29 " in tow and sailed for Panama on the 23d . She arrived at the Panama Canal Zone on 30 September ; remained there until 9 October ; and continued on to Hawaii . She arrived at Pearl Harbor on 31 October and remained in the islands until 25 November when she got underway for San Francisco , California . The cargo ship arrived there on 4 December 1944 and got underway for Portland , Oregon , the same day . " Syrma " remained there until 28 January 1945 when she departed for San Francisco . She loaded cargo from 1 to 9 February and sailed for Manus Island on the 10th with " YF - 619 " in tow . Supporting troops on Tarawa . " Syrma " arrived at Seeadler Harbor on 7 March ; unloaded her cargo and tow ; and began the return voyage to San Francisco on the 23d . She arrived on 13 April and remained there until 8 June when she sailed for Hawaii with " YF - 738 " in tow . She arrived at Pearl Harbor on 18 May , released the tow , and sailed the next day for Tarawa , Gilbert Islands . Tarawa was reached on the 28th . The ship unloaded her cargo and took on deck cargo for the Marshall Islands and left the next day . End - of - war operations . " Syrma " operated in the Marshalls from 1 July to 12 August when she stood out for San Francisco , arriving there on the 26th . On 28 September , the ship again headed westward en route to Guam . She arrived at Apra Harbor on 18 October and departed Guam on 10 November for the east coast of the United States . The Panama Canal was transited on 9 December , and " Syrma " arrived at Norfolk on the 20th . Post - war decommissioning . The remainder of December 1945 was spent in preparing the ship for inactivation . " Syrma " was decommissioned on 8 January 1946 , returned to the War Shipping Administration on the 11th , and struck from the Navy List on 21 January 1946 .