naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Air Member for Supply and Organisation The Air Member for Supply and Organisation was the senior Royal Air Force officer responsible for procurement matters : he was a member of the Air Force Board . He was in charge of all aspects of procurement and organisation for RAF regular , reserve and civilian staffs worldwide . History . The post which was created in 1923 was originally known as the Air Member for Supply and Research ; it was renamed Air Member for Supply and Organisation in 1936 and Air Member for Logistics in 1994 . Since 2007 it has been the Air Member for Materiel . Holders of the post . Holders of the post have included : < br > Air Member for Supply and Research Air Member for Supply and Organisation Air Member for Logistics Air Member for Materiel
Government Navy The Government Navy ( " Gouvernementsmarine " or GM ) was a Dutch naval force which stemmed from the Colonial Navy in the former Dutch East Indies . It existed from 1861 to 1949 and operated in a civil - administrative role alongside the Royal Netherlands Navy .
Günter Halm Günter Halm ( born 27 August 1922 ) was a Grenadier in the Richtschütze Pakzug Stabskompanie Panzergrenadier - Regiment 104 / Deutsches Afrika - Korps attached to the 21st Panzer Division during World War II , and was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany . He was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class and the Knight ' s Cross simultaneously on July 29 , 1942 . Post war . Halm survived the war and is still alive as of 2011 .
Fairey Seafox The Fairey Seafox was a 1930s British reconnaissance floatplane designed and built by Fairey for the Fleet Air Arm . It was designed to be catapulted from the deck of a light cruiser and served in the Second World War . Of the 66 built , two were finished as landplanes . Design and development . Fairey Seafox was built to satisfy Air Ministry Specification S . 11 / 32 . The first of two prototypes appeared in 1936 , first flying on 27 May 1936 , and the first of the 64 production aircraft were delivered in 1937 . The flights were organised as 700 Naval Air Squadron of the Fleet Air Arm . The fuselage was of all - metal monocoque construction , the wings were covered with metal on the leading edge , otherwise fabric . It was powered by a 16 - cylinder 395 hp ( 295 kW ) air - cooled Napier Rapier H engine . It cruised at 106 mph ( 171 km / h ) , had a range of 440 mi ( 710 km ) . Although the Seafox handled well , it was criticized for being underpowered , engine cooling was poor , and landing speeds were higher than desired . Operational history . In 1939 , a Seafox played a part in the attack on the German pocket battleship by spotting for the naval gunners . This led to the ship ' s destruction after the Battle of the River Plate . They were utilised up until 1943 . The Seafox was operated during the early part of the war from the cruisers , , , , , and and the armed merchant cruiser s , , and " Alcantara " .
Ground combat element In the United States Marine Corps , the Ground combat element is the land force of a Marine Air - Ground Task Force ( MAGTF ) . It provides power projection and force for the MAGTF . Role within the MAGTF . The GCE has the mission of locating , closing with and destroying the enemy with fire and maneuver and repelling the enemies assault with fire and close combat . It provides infantry , armor , artillery , reconnaissance , anti - tank and other combat arms . Often , a GCE will have organic combat engineers , snipers , forward air control lers , communication and other support functions attached . Organization . The size of the GCE varies in proportion to the size of the MAGTF . A Marine Expeditionary Force has a division ( MARDIV ) . A Marine Expeditionary Brigade holds an infantry Regiment , often reinforced with equipment and personnel from units ( such as armor and artillery ) . The various Marine Expeditionary Unit s command a reinforced infantry battalion . Generally , MEF postings are permanent , while MEBs and MEUs rotate their GCE , ACE , and LCE twice annually . Hierarchy of Marine ground units . 1st Marine Division . GCE of I Marine Expeditionary Force 2nd Marine Division . GCE of II Marine Expeditionary Force 3rd Marine Division . GCE of III Marine Expeditionary Force 4th Marine Division . GCE of Marine Forces Reserve
18th Panzer Division ( Wehrmacht ) The 18th Panzer Division ( ) was a German World War II armoured division that fought on the Eastern Front from 1941 until its disbandment in 1943 . Formation . The 18th Panzer Division was formed on 26 October 1940 at Chemnitz from parts of the 4th Infantry Division , 14th Infantry Division , and four battalions of submersible tank s . They had originally been intended for Operation " Sea Lion " ( " Seelöwe " ) , the planned German invasion of England . Of these four tank battalions , two formed the 18th Panzer Regiment and the other two the 28th Panzer Regiment of the 18th Panzer Division . In March 1941 the 18th Panzer Division was reorganized , the 28th Panzer Regiment was disbanded , one of its battalions became the third battalion of the 18th Panzer Regiment , the other battalion was transferred to the 3rd Panzer Division . Organization . 18th Panzer Division : Invasion of Russia . The 18th Panzer Division first saw action during the German invasion of Russia , Operation " Barbarossa " , on 22 June 1941 . When the 18th Panzer Division crossed the Bug River underwater on 22 June , with submersible tanks , it marked the first time in World War II such vehicles were used in combat . The 18th Panzer Division fought as part of XLVII Panzer Corps , and over the next six months was involved in seizing Smolensk , Bryansk and the assault on Tula . However , like the rest of the German Army the 18th Panzer Division was unprepared for the Russian winter and was driven back to Oryol in January 1942 with heavy losses . Further combat in the Soviet Union ( 1942 - 1943 ) . In the summer of 1942 , the 18th Panzer Division took part in the initial drive on Stalingrad , but was transferred to the central section of the front . The 18th Panzer Division took part in defensive battles around Oryol in 1942 - 43 , and in anti - partisan operations in the spring of 1943 . In the summer of 1943 the 18th Panzer Division fought in the Battle of Kursk , and suffered heavy losses . After Kursk the 18th Panzer - Division was disbanded and the division ' s personnel were used to build the 18th Artillery Division .
Kropatschek A Kropatschek is any variant of a rifle designed by Alfred von Kropatschek . Kropatschek ' s rifles used an tubular magazine ( constructed of nickel - plated steel ) of his design , of the same type used in the German Mauser Gewehr 1871 / 84 and the Japanese Type 22 Murata . While designed for black powder , the Kropatschek action proved to be strong enough to handle smokeless powder . Variants . Austria - Hungary : France : Portugal :
Charles L . Thomas ( Medal of Honor , 1865 ) Charles L . Thomas ( February 12 , 1843 – February 24 , 1923 ) was a United States Army soldier who received the Medal of Honor for heroism on September 17 , 1865 during the Indian Campaigns in the Dakota Territory . Biography . Thomas was born on February 12 , 1843 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . During the Powder River Indian expedition in Wyoming in the fall of 1865 , Captain Humpfervill returned to the camp of General Connor of the 11th Ohio Cavalry after a scout with 300 men , to report that Colonel Cole of the Regiment was surrounded by Indians near the Powder River . General Conner called for a volunteer " to go as a scout and find Cole or perish in the attempt . " ( C . L . Thomas ) Sergeant Charles Thomas volunteered and spent 36 hours traveling about 201 miles alone in hostile territory to find Colonel Cole and deliver a message from General Conner . After leaving Conner ' s camp at 8 A . M . , on his second day , Sergeant Thomas was sighted by hostile Indians in the area as he followed Colonel Cole ' s trail , and " began to exchange shots - and it was a running fight for the balance of the day . " Capturing an Indian pony , Thomas kept it with him in case his own horse was shot . During the day he stumbled across John Hutson of the 2d Missouri , who had become detached from Cole ' s element and was in hiding . Thomas had Hutson mount the spare pony , delivering him to Colonel Cole ' s camp after arriving about 6 P . M . to deliver the general ' s message . He died on February 24 , 1923 and is buried in the Dwight - Morris cemetery , in Morris county , Kansas . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , Company E , 11th Ohio Cavalry . Place and date : At Powder River Expedition Dakota Territory , September 17 , 1865 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Birth : Philadelphia , Pa . Date of issue : August 24 , 1894 . Citation : Carried a message through a country infested with hostile Indians and saved the life of a comrade en route .
German submarine U - 116 ( 1941 ) German submarine " U - 116 " was a Type XB minelaying U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was ordered on 31 January 1939 and laid down on 1 July at Germaniawerft , Kiel , as ' werk 615 ' . She was launched on 3 May 1941 and commissioned under the command of " Korvettenkapitän " Werner von Schmidt on 26 July of that year . Service history . 1st patrol . After a period of training as part of the 2nd U - boat Flotilla , " U - 116 " was assigned to the front - line as part of the 1st U - boat Flotilla on 1 February 1942 . She sailed from Kiel on 4 April 1942 , bound for Bergen , Norway , via Heligoland , and departed Bergen on 25 April , circling the British Isles before arriving at Lorient in occupied France , on 5 May . 2nd patrol . " U - 116 " sailed from Lorient on 16 May 1942 on a patrol to the mid - Atlantic lasting 25 days , arriving back at her homeport on 9 June , without any success . 3rd patrol . " U - 116 " was more successful on her third patrol which took her south to the coast of West Africa , attacking Convoy OS - 33 south of the Azores on 12 July 1942 . Soon after midnight she fired one torpedo at the 7 , 093 ton merchant ship " Cortona " , causing some damage ; although the ship was then sunk by . Nine hours later " U - 116 " fired two torpedoes into the 4 , 284 ton British merchant ship " Shaftesbury " , which sank in 15 minutes . The U - boat returned to Lorient on 23 August , after 58 days at sea . 4th patrol . For her fourth patrol , " U - 116 " sailed under the command of " Oberleutnant zur See " Wilhelm Grimme . Leaving Lorient on 22 September 1942 , she sent her last radio message on 6 October whilst in the North Atlantic at position , and was never heard from again . 56 men were lost with her .
British Forces Aden British Forces Aden was the name given to the British Armed Forces stationed in the Aden Protectorate during part of the 20th century . Their purpose was to preserve the security of the Protectorate from both internal threats and external aggression . History . British Forces Aden was originally formed as Aden Command in 1928 . On its establishment , Aden Command was a Royal Air Force command which was responsible for the control all British armed forces in the Protectorate . It was renamed British Forces in Aden , or simply British Forces Aden in 1936 and renamed again in 1956 as British Forces Arabian Peninsula . In 1961 the command was renamed once again , this time as Middle East Command ( Aden ) . In 1967 , following the British withdrawal from Aden at the end of the Emergency , the remaining British Forces in the Arabian Peninsula were reorganized as " British Forces Gulf " . Commanders . Commanders have included :
HMS Janus ( F53 ) HMS " Janus " ( F53 ) , named after the Roman god , was a Javelin or J - class destroyer of the Royal Navy , she was ordered from the Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson Limited at Wallsend - on - Tyne as part of the 1936 Build Programme and laid down on 29 September 1937 , launched on 10 November 1938 and commissioned on 5 August 1939 . North Sea and Mediterranean Duties . " Janus " served in the North Sea until May 1940 , had participated in over 20 convoy duties in her time , from May 1940 Janus began Mediterranean duties with the 14th DD Flotilla in Alexandria , she serving at the Battle of Calabria in July 1940 and the Battle of Cape Matapan in March 1941 . Sunk on Duty . On 23 January 1944 " Janus " was struck by one Fritz X dropped by an enemy German He 111 torpedo bomber and sank off the Anzio beachhead in western Italy ( according to other version , she was sunk by Henschel Hs 293 glider bomb or a conventional torpedo - see Fritz X article ) . It took a mere twenty minutes for the " Janus " to sink , of her crew only 80 survived , being rescued by HMS Laforey and smaller craft . It was recorded that during her last duty " Janus " had laid down nearly 500 salvos of 4 . 7 " shells in the first two days of the landings in support of allied troops . " Janus ' s " badge is still on display at the Selborne dry dock wall .
SS Oster SS " Oster " is a Norwegian steamship built in 1908 by Christianssands Mekaniske Værksted for the Indre Nordhordlandske Dampskibsselskab . She sailed between Bergen and Osterfjorden in Norway with passengers and goods from 1908 until World War II when she was acquired as a guard ship by the Royal Norwegian Navy and later by the German Navy . After the war the vessel was in need of maintenance and modernization before she could be put back in service in 1956 . As the only coal - powered steamer left in Bergen , " Oster " became a symbol of the old fjord steamers on the western coast . However , the boat was sold and rebuilt as a freighter in 1964 , and the steam - engine was replaced with a more modern diesel engine . In 1996 she was bought by Nordhordland Veteranbåtlag who restored the ship back to her original state as a steam - driven passenger ship . She now sails with tourists on special occasions .
Bhim - class tugboat " Bhim " class of tugboats are series of service watercrafts built by Tebma Shipyard Limited , a subsidiary of Bharati Shipyard Ltd , for Indian navy . Description . Each vessel is 28 . 5 metres long and has beam of 9 . 5 metres and a draught of 2 . 8 metres . Each tug in the class has a capacity of 25 tonnes bollard pull . The vessel are fitted with a pair of V - 12 cylinder Cummins KTA38M2 engines , each generating 1200 HP continuous duty at 1800 RPM . They are fitted with stainless steel propellers and also features Aquamaster US1201 Z - drives with 1800mm diameter nozzles . They also have two 100 kva , 415V , 3 Phase , 50 Hz diesel powered auxiliary generator sets . It is a follow - up order of B . C . Dutt class tugboat Service history . INS " Bhim " and INS " Ajral " serve with the Eastern Naval Command at Vishakhapatnam , and INS " Balshil " serves with the Southern Naval Command at Kochi .
Russian submarine Losharik Losharik ( ) is the nickname of a Russian submarine . The official name for this submarine type is " Project 210 " . It is powered by an atomic reactor and due to unique spherical construction elements used is believed to be able to operate at depth of 6000 m . Those elements are hidden inside conventional submarine hull ( perhaps for better hydrodynamics and lower noise frame ) . Laid down in 1988 it was launched only in August 2003 due to financial problems that Russian military experienced in 1990s . Losharik is designated for research , rescue and special military operations . The nickname was hinted at by the multi - spherical hull construction , and was taken from a Russian cartoon character , a toy horse consisting of small spheres - the name " losharik " is a portmanteau of " loshad ' " - horse and " sharik " - small sphere .
Fort La Reine Fort La Reine was built in 1738 , one of the forts of the western expansion directed by Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye , first military commander in the west of what is now known as Canada . Located on the Assiniboine River where present day Portage La Prairie , Manitoba , stands , the fort served as a fur trading post . It was also the base of operations for much exploration north and west . From Fort La Reine , explorers made their way to Lake Manitoba and Lake Winnipegosis , Lake Winnipeg and the Saskatchewan River . Louis - Joseph Gaultier de La Vérendrye , the youngest La Vérendrye son , led expeditions from Fort La Reine and built the following western installations in what is now Manitoba : Fort Dauphin , Fort Bourbon , and Fort Paskoya . In 1743 , the fort was also the starting point for an exploration of the upper Missouri River as far as the Yellowstone River . One old source says that the fort was burnt to the ground by the Assiniboines after the French had left it in 1752 Fort La Reine is near the portage from the Assiniboine north to Lake Manitoba . The elder Verendrye left Fort Maurepas at the mouth of the Red River in September 1738 , ascended that river to the present site of Winnipeg , ascended the Assiniboine and on October 3 chose a site for Fort La Reine . Morton thinks the site was about 21 miles east of Portage la Prairie and two miles southeast of Poplar Point . He thinks the fort was moved west to Portage la Prairie the following summer . In 1738 Fort Rouge ( fortification ) was built at the present site of Winnipeg . Fort La Reine was the base for the elder Verendrye ' s journey to the Mandans in North Dakota ( October 1738 to January 1739 ) . In 1742 - 43 it was the base for the Verendrye Brothers ' journey to the Rocky Mountains . It became increasing clear that neither the Assiniboine nor the Missouri was the route to the west and French attention shifted north to the Saskatchewan River . The first priest to travel this far west arrived at the fort in 1743 . He was a Jesuit named Claude - Godefroy Coquart . Around 1770 , when trade was re - established , Adhemar ' s Fort and Blondishe ' s Fort were in the area . The site was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1925 . Fort la Reine Museum . Today there is a museum named after the original fort located in Portage la Prairie , MB . There is a replica of Fort la Reine on the Museum in addition numerous other buildings covering local history from the time of La Vérendrye to current day . The Museum is affiliated with : CMA , CHIN , and Virtual Museum of Canada .
USNS Cumberland ( T - AO - 153 ) The SS " Fort Cumberland " was one of the nearly 500 Type T2 - SE - A1 tankers ordered by the Maritime Commission during World War II . She was named for the city of Cumberland , Maryland while her predecessors were named for the river . After the war she was sold to Standard Oil of New Jersey and sailed under the name " Esso Cumberland " . In 1956 with the Suez crisis " Esso Cumberland " was acquired by the Navy and assigned to the Military Sealift Command as USNS " Cumberland " ( T - AO - 153 ) . In 1966 , " Cumberland " was converted by Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company to a floating electric power supply ship for use in Vietnam by the United States Army . Stationed at Qui Nhon , Vietnam her main machinery generated electricity which was transmitted , via power cables , ashore to sub - stations . Later she was moved to Cam Rahn Bay . " Cumberland " was sold to Kaohsiung shipbreakers in February 1972 .
AFN Berlin AFN Berlin was a US - American military broadcast station located at Podbielskiallee 23 in Berlin - Dahlem . It started broadcasting at noon on August 4 , 1945 , with the Rhapsody in Blue from George Gershwin . During the Berlin Blockade AFN Berlin started broadcasting around the clock . After the building of the Berlin Wall AFN Berlin then stayed on the air 24 hours until July 1994 . AFN Berlin had three stations : Until November 23 , 1978 , the AM frequency was 935 kHz . Due to the agreements in the Geneva Frequency Plan the frequency was changed to 1107 kHz . On July 15 , 1994 , AFN Berlin broadcast a 3 - hour special broadcast on both radio frequencies , which was transmitted live into 54 countries . Afterwards , seconds before 2pm , AFN Berlin ceased transmitting after playing the national anthem of the United States of America . External links . Last location of AFN Berlin
Fearless - class patrol vessel The Fearless class patrol vessels were built by Singapore Technologies ( ST ) Marine for the Republic of Singapore Navy in the 1990s . Together , the ships formed the 182 and 189 Squadron . On 30 January 2013 , MINDEF awarded ST Engineering a contract for the design and build of eight new vessels to replace the Fearless - class patrol vessels . ST Engineering announced that the group ’ s marine arm , ST Marine will build the eight vessels at its Singapore Benoi Yard . While the group ’ s electronics arm , ST Electronics , will supply the core combat systems and combat system integration solutions . ST Marine will carry out the platform system integration as the lead system integrator . The first vessel is expected to be delivered in 2016 and all eight vessels will be fully operational by 2020 . < ref name = http : / / www . mindef . gov . sg / content / imindef / press _ room / official _ releases . nr . html > < / ref > < ref name = http : / / www . stengg . com / press - centre / press - releases > < / ref > History . The " Fearless " class patrol vessels were ordered as replacements for the earlier " Swift " class coastal patrol crafts after they had been transferred to the Police Coast Guard . The contract was awarded to ST Marine on 27 February 1993 . The first six vessels are fitted for anti - submarine warfare , while the remainder are configured as patrol vessels . In 1996 , the Defence Science Technology Agency project team leading the patrol vessel project was awarded the Defence Technology Prize . On 3 January 2003 , RSS " Courageous " was badly damaged in a collision with a container ship in the Singapore Strait . The ship has since been stricken from the navy list . In January 2005 , 189 Squadron was transferred to the Coastal Command from the Fleet , and the 11 ships now form the 182 and 189 Squadron . In April 2012 , ST Marine was awarded a contract by the Ministry of Defence of the Sultanate of Oman to build four 75 - metre PVs based on the Fearless class . The vessels are expected to be delivered as the " Al - Ofouq " class between 2015 and 2016 .
Boris Vyacheslavich Boris Vyacheslavich ( ) ( c . 1053 – October 3 , 1078 ) was a prince of Tmutarakan , son of Vyacheslav Yaroslavich ( prince of Smolensk ) . Boris was " izgoi " from the Rurikid dynasty of Kievan Rus ’ . Upon the death of Svyatoslav Yaroslavich in 1077 , his brothers Vsevolod Yaroslavich and Izyaslav Yaroslavich started a bitter rivalry over the Kievan throne . Vsevolod left Chernigov and headed towards Izyaslav , who had set out on a military campaign against Kiev . Boris Vyacheslavich took advantage of his uncle ' s absence and seized control of Chernigov . He only managed to remain in power for 8 days and then had to flee to Tmutarakan upon hearing the news of Vsevolod ' s return . In Tmutarakan , Boris was accepted by Roman Svyatoslavich . The two were soon joined by Oleg Svyatoslavich , the second son of Svyatoslav Yaroslavich , who had been banished by his uncles from the Vladimir region . In 1078 , Boris and Oleg allied themselves with the Polovtsy and attacked Vsevolod on the Orzhitsa River ( Sozhitsa River ) , defeating his army in a bloody battle and capturing Chernigov . Soon , Vsevolod and Izyaslav were able to muster a new army with the help of their sons and headed for Chernigov . Boris and Oleg had already left the city by the time Vsevolod and Izyaslav approached it , but the citizens of Chernigov closed the gates and prepared for the siege . The attackers burned the outer parts of the city and wanted to proceed further , but received the news on Oleg and Boris coming to Chernigov ' s rescue . Oleg tried to convince his cousin Boris not to seek direct confrontation with the four princes and to ask for mercy , but Boris decided to take them on . Boris Vyacheslavich died in a fierce battle at a village of Nezhatina Niva on October 3 of 1078 .