naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
RAAF Station Sandgate RAAF Station Sandgate was a Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) station located at Brighton , Queensland during World War II . The Station was formed on 16 December 1940 under the command of Squadron Leader H . A . Rigby , MC . An advance party arrived at Sandgate prior to the Station ' s formation and found that works on the installation had been suspended . Station Headquarters , No . 3 Initial Training School and No . 3 Embarkment Depot were based at Amberley , the airmen billeted at RAAF Station Archerfield and the officers at the Hotel Canberra in Brisbane , until 18 April 1941 when the RAAF buildings at Sandgate had been completed . RAAF Station Sandgate was disbanded on 6 November 1944 . The Premier of Queensland , Ned Hanlon , negotiated the purchase of the Station for £25 , 000 and the Government of Queensland relocated the Dunwich Benevolent Asylum to the site . It is now the grounds of the Eventide Nursing Home . Units based at Sandgate . No . 3 Initial Training School . No . 3 Initial Training School was formed as part of the Empire Air Training Plan on 16 December 1940 . Recruits started their training with a few weeks at an Initial Training School to learn the basics of military life . They were taught subjects such as mathematics , navigation and aerodynamics . The school relocated to Kingaroy via Amberley in 1942 . No . 3 Embarkment Depot . No . 3 Embarkment Depot was formed on 16 December 1940 . At the end of their courses of training aircrew and ground staff were posted to embarkation depots , where they were appropriately kitted and given a final medical examination before deploying to operational theatres . References . < br >
Benjamin Sweet Benjamin Sweet ( April 24 , 1832 – January 1 , 1874 ) was an American politician , soldier and Deputy Commissioner of Internal Revenue . Biography . Sweet was born Benjamin Jeffery Sweet on April 24 , 1832 in New York . He later moved to Chilton , Wisconsin . Sweet died on January 1 , 1874 and is buried at Rosehill Cemetery in Chicago , Illinois . Political career . Sweet was elected to the Wisconsin State Senate . He later served as Deputy Commissioner of Internal Revenue of the United States from 1872 until his death . Military career . Soon after the outbreak of the American Civil War , on July 16 , 1861 , Sweet joined the 6th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Union Army and was given the rank of major . On September 17 , 1861 , he was promoted to lieutenant colonel . On September 5 , 1862 , Sweet was promoted to colonel and given command of the 21st Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment . During the Battle of Perryville , despite being sick from malaria , he led his men in combat until he was seriously wounded in his right arm . The wound ultimately left Sweet paralyzed in that arm for the rest of his life . Sweet resigned his commission on September 8 , 1863 . On September 25 , 1863 , Sweet was appointed a colonel in the Veteran Reserve Corps and assigned to the garrison at the Union Army prisoner - of - war camp for Confederate States Army soldiers at Camp Douglas , Chicago , Illinois . Following recuperation from his injury , Sweet was given command of Camp Douglas after Brigadier General William W . Orme resigned on May 2 , 1864 . Later that year , he discovered and thwarted a plot by spies for the Confederacy to liberate Confederate prisoners of war and attack Chicago on the eve of the 1864 United States presidential election . Sweet ' s efforts to prevent the conspirators from achieving their objective earned him the thanks of the United States Department of War . On December 12 , 1864 , President Lincoln awarded Sweet the rank of brevet brigadier general of volunteers to rank from December 20 , 1864 , and the U . S . Senate confirmed the award on February 14 , 1865 . Sweet resigned from the army on September 19 , 1865 .
Carman A . Newcomb Carman Adam Newcomb ( July 1 , 1830 – April 6 , 1902 ) was a nineteenth - century politician , lawyer , judge and marshal from Iowa and Missouri . Biography . Born in Mercer , Pennsylvania , Newcomb completed preparatory studies and moved to Kentucky . He later moved to Shreveport , Louisiana , where he studied law and was admitted to the bar . He moved again to West Union , Iowa in 1854 and commenced practicing law . He was judge of the circuit court of Fayette County , Iowa , from 1855 to 1860 . At the outbreak of the Civil War , Newcomb served as captain of Company F in the 3rd Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment from 1861 until his discharge on account of illness in 1862 . He moved to Vineland , Missouri and resumed practicing law . He was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives in 1865 and 1866 and was elected a Republican to the United States House of Representatives in 1866 , serving from 1867 to 1869 , not being a candidate for renomination in 1868 . Afterwards , Newcomb was a United States Marshal for the eastern district of Missouri from 1869 to 1875 , was census enumerator of St . Louis , Missouri in 1870 and resumed practicing law . He died in St . Louis on April 6 , 1902 , was cremated at the Missouri Crematory and his ashes were deposited in a columbarium .
USS Lilac ( 1863 ) USS " Lilac " ( 1863 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Navy as a tugboat and in other minor roles . " Lilac " , a steam tug built at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , early in 1863 , was acquired by the Navy 15 April 1863 ; and commissioned at Philadelphia 28 April 1863 . Assigned to the North Atlantic Blockade . The new tug joined the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron at Hampton Roads , Virginia , 2 May . During the remainder of 1863 , she operated in the Roads and on the lower James River performing dispatch , picket , and towing duty . " Lilac " carries messages from Alexander Stephens to Lincoln . On 4 July 1863 , the day of Vicksburg ’ s surrender and the day following the retreat of Robert E . Lee ’ s army from Gettysburg , Pennsylvania , southern tug " Torpedo " , carrying Alexander Stephens , steamed up to " Lilac " under a flag of truce to request safe conduct to Washington , D . C . , so that the Confederacy ’ s Vice President might confer with President Abraham Lincoln as Jefferson Davis ’ personal emissary . For the next 2 days " Lilac " carried messages between Union flagship , Fort Monroe , and " Torpedo " . Lincoln resolves not to communicate with Alexander Stephens . However , Lincoln persevered in his resolve to eschew all direct communications with the Confederate leaders , lest such contact be interpreted as recognition of the South ’ s government . On the 6th " Lilac " bore Stephens word that his request was “ . . . considered inadmissible ” and that “ customary agents and channels are adequate for all needful military Communications . . . between the U . S . forces and the insurgents . ” On the night of 15 October , accompanied by tug , " Lilac " ascended the James River seeking to capture a Confederate steamer reported above Hog Island . However , the southern ship had fled to safety before the Union ships arrived . On the expedition " Lilac " shelled a Confederate signal station . Ordered down the Eastern seaboard . Early in 1864 Rear Adm . Samuel Phillips Lee ordered " Lilac " to Beaufort , North Carolina , for harbor defense and towing . Her service there continued until December and won her Admiral Lee ’ s praise as “ very useful . ” As the year waned , " Lilac " returned to Norfolk , Virginia , to help tighten the noose which Ulysses S . Grant and Porter were closing around Richmond , Virginia . On 4 April , as Lee ’ s valiant army was at last about to be driven from the South ’ s capitol , " Lilac " captured Confederate Army tug " Seaboard " at Tree Hill Bridge which spanned the James below Richmond . As the Confederacy crumbled , " Lilac " continued to operate in the James until she steamed north late in May . Post - war decommissioning , sale , and civilian career . She decommissioned 16 June 1865 and was sold at public auction at New York City to H . G . Farrington 12 July 1865 . Redocumented as " Eutaw " 5 October 1865 , the tug served commercial shipping until abandoned in 1888 .
David Richmond David Richmond ( 1748 – 1818 ) was an American commissioned officer who served in the American Revolutionary War . Early years . Richmond , the son of Mayflower descendant Seth Richmond , was born in Taunton , Massachusetts . He married Nancy Davis in 1766 . Richmond had five sons : Joseph , David , Thomas , Samuel and Seth ; and four daughters : Lucy , Esther , Lydia and Nancy . American Revolutionary War Record . From May 1 , 1775 , to October 1775 , Richmond was a Lieutenant in Captain John Field ' s Company , Colonel Daniel Hitchcock ' s Regiment . By December 1776 , Richmond was a First Lieutenant in Captain Timothy Vilmarth ' s Company , Colonel Chad Brown ' s Regiment . He was appointed Captain on September 30 , 1778 . In the summer of 1780 , Richmond served one month as a Major . Post war . Major Richmond moved from Rhode Island and settled at Latham ' s Corners , Chenango County , New York .
Thomas Guinn Thomas Guinn ( 1836 – 1908 ) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22 , 1863 . Union assault . On May 22 , 1863 , General Ulysses S . Grant ordered an assault on the Confederate heights at Vicksburg , Mississippi . The plan called for a storming party of volunteers to build a bridge across a moat and plant scaling ladders against the enemy embankment in advance of the main attack . The volunteers knew the odds were against survival and the mission was called , in nineteenth century vernacular , a " forlorn hope " . Only single men were accepted as volunteers and even then , twice as many men as needed came forward and were turned away . The assault began in the early morning following a naval bombardment . The Union soldiers came under enemy fire immediately and were pinned down in the ditch they were to cross . Despite repeated attacks by the main Union body , the men of the forlorn hope were unable to retreat until nightfall . Of the 150 men in the storming party , nearly half were killed . Seventy - nine of the survivors were awarded the Medal of Honor . Medal of Honor citation . “ For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863 . ”
Fall of Kismayo ( 2007 ) The Fall of Kismayo occurred on January 1 , 2007 , when the troops of Somalia ' s Transitional Federal Government ( TFG ) and Ethiopia n forces entered the Somali city of Kismayo unopposed . It came after the Islamic Courts Union ' s forces faltered and fled in the Battle of Jilib , abandoning their final stronghold . Background . The city of Kismayo had been the capital of the autonomous state of Jubaland under the administration of the Juba Valley Alliance ( JVA ) since the late 1990s . The JVA suffered the loss of Kismayo in September 2006 to an array of ICU forces with 130 technical s . Course of events . In December 2006 , after the Fall of Mogadishu , much of the ICU forces began a retreat towards Kismayo . But when the Battle of Jilib began on December 31 , 2006 , clan elders within Kismayo demanded the ICU leave the city . Mohammed Arab , a clan leader said " We told them that they were going to lose , and that our city would get destroyed . " After the ICU refused , sporadic gun battles broke out between the local clans and the ICU . The Battle of Jilib saw the ICU frontlines collapse during the night to artillery fire , causing the ICU hardliners , known as " Al - Shabaab " ( literally " The Youths " or " Young Men " ) , to once again go into retreat , this time towards the Kenyan border . TFG and Ethiopian forces entered the town on January 1 , 2007 . With the Kenyan border blocked , the ICU remnants were described as holding up in Badhadhe district , either in the hills of the Buur Gaabo area , or in the village of Ras Kamboni along the coast near the border . Aftermath . In August 2008 , Al - Shabab retook the city during the Battle of Kismayo ( 2008 ) . In September 2012 , the Somali National Army assisted by AMISOM troops and Raskamboni militia re - captured Kismayo from the insurgents in the Battle of Kismayo ( 2012 ) .
RNAS Prawle Point The RNAS Naval Air Station Prawle Point was a British First World War airfield outside the village of East Prawle in Devon , England and south east of Salcombe , Devon . The airfield was opened in 1917 to provide a base for de Havilland DH . 6 and de Havilland DH . 9 s of the Royal Naval Air Service to carry out anti - submarine patrols . RAF use . With the formation of the Royal Air Force in April 1918 the airfield became RAF Prawle Point and aircraft flights became 254 Squadron . The squadron was divided into flights with 492 ( Light Bomber ) Flight operating the DH . 9s and 515 and 516 ( Special Duties ) Flights the DH . 6s . The squadron disbanded on 22 February 1919 and flying at Prawle Point ended . Current use . The airfield is now used for farming .
Battle of Luçon The Battle of Luçon was fought on 14 August 1793 during the French Revolutionary Wars , between forces of the French Republic under General Tuncq and Royalist forces under Gigot d ’ Elbée . The battle was fought near the town of Luçon in Vendée , France , the Royalists were defeated by French Republican forces .
HMS Venerable ( 1784 ) HMS " Venerable " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 19 April 1784 at Blackwall Yard . In 1797 , " Venerable " served as Admiral Duncan ' s flagship at the Battle of Camperdown . She was wrecked on 24 November 1804 , off Roundham Head near Torbay .
Air Force District of Washington The Air Force District of Washington ( AFDW ) is a Direct Reporting Unit of the United States Air Force . The District handles operations in the Washington , D . C . region ( also known as the " National Capital Region " or " NCR " ) . Various support organizations in the vicinity of Washington , D . C . , performed a variety of functions that the Bolling Field Command absorbed on 15 December 1946 . It was redesignated Headquarters Command , USAF , on 17 March 1958 . When Headquarters Command , USAF , inactivated on 1 July 1976 , many of its functions passed to Military Airlift Command . The Air Force District of Washington was constituted and activated , on 1 October 1985 . Inactivated on 15 Jul 1994 . It was reactivated on 7 July 2005 . AFDW as a Direct Reporting Unit [ DRU ] is directly subordinate to the Chief of Staff , Headquarters , United States Air Force or to his representative on the Air Staff . AFDW was originally headquartered on Bolling Air Force Base , but changed to Joint Base Andrews Naval Air Facility . AFDW was reactivated on 7 July 2005 to do three things : AFDW is composed of two wings and one group , the 11th Wing , the 79th Medical Wing and the 844th Communication Group at Joint Base Andrews Naval Air Facility . The 79th Medical Wing and 844th Communications Group both have specialized missions where they will be the single Air Force voice in the National Capital Region ( NCR ) for their respective fields of expertise . The 11th Wing fulfills duties as the host base organization of Joint Base Andrews Naval Air Facility , while also supporting AFDW requirements . AFDW serves as the Air Force service component for coordination purposes to JFHQ - NCR and the supporting command to Joint Task Force National Capital Region / Medical ( JTF - CapMed ) . JFHQ - NCR has an emergency or major event operation ' mobilization ' function as Joint Task Force - National Capital Region . When the JFHQ - NCR transitions to the Joint Task Force NCR ( JTF - NCR ) , the 320th Air Expeditionary Wing ( 320 AEW ) activates and becomes the Air Force service component of JTF - NCR . Normally , the Commander of AFDW serves as the Commander , 320 AEW . Air Force Mission Directive 13 delineates missions and assigned duties applicable to AFDW in both its worldwide Air Force service role and its JTF - NCR Air Force service component role . Facilities overseen . The District oversees the following installations :
Nelida Cabigayan Nelida Cabigayan ( a . k . a . Commander Lina ) was a member of the New People ' s Army who fought the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines . She was active in active in NPA for two years in the early 1970s , and became regarded as folk hero . She surrendered in 1974 , and act that was considered as a major coup of the Marcos ' government .
Battle of Aubers Ridge The Battle of Aubers Ridge was a British offensive mounted on the Western Front in May 1915 during World War I . Background . The battle was the initial British component of the combined Anglo - French offensive known as the Second Battle of Artois . French Commander - in - Chief Joffre had enquired of Sir John French , Commander of the British Expeditionary Force if British units could support a French offensive into the Douai Plain around late April or early May 1915 . The immediate French objectives were to capture the heights at Notre Dame de Lorette and the Vimy Ridge . The British First Army was further north , between La Bassée and Ypres ( Belgium ) . It was decided that the British forces would attack in the southern half of their front line , near the village of Laventie . Their objective in the flat and poorly drained terrain was the " Aubers Ridge " , an area of slightly higher ground 2 – 3 kilometres south of Allied lines marked by the villages of Aubers , Fromelles and Le Maisnil . This same area had been targeted in the Battle of Neuve Chapelle two months earlier . The battle marked the second use of specialist Royal Engineers tunnelling companies , who deployed mines underground to disrupt enemy defence lines through use of dug tunnels , and large amounts of explosives at zero hour . Course of the Battle . Intelligence about the newly - strengthened German positions was not available or given sufficient attention . No surprise was achieved . The duration and weight of the British bombardment was wholly insufficient to break the German wire and breastwork defences , or to destroy or suppress the front - line machine - guns . German artillery and free movement of reserves were also insufficiently suppressed . Trench layout , traffic flows and organisation behind the British front line did not allow for easy movement of reinforcements and casualties . British artillery equipment and ammunition were in poor condition : the first through over - use , the second through faulty manufacture . It soon became impossible to tell precisely where British troops were ; accurate close - support artillery fire was impossible . Air actions . Three squadrons of 1st Wing Royal Flying Corps were attached to First Army to fly defensive patrols for four days before the attack , to deter enemy reconnaissance . During the attack they would switch to an observation role and to bombing enemy rear areas . This would include the area immediately behind the attack , but also important more distant railway junctions and bridges . Aftermath . This battle was an unmitigated disaster for the British army . No ground was won and no tactical advantage gained . It is very doubtful if it had the slightest positive effect on assisting the main French attack fifteen miles to the south . The battle was renewed , the epicentre shifted just a little way south , from 15 May and is known as the Battle of Festubert . Four time Wimbledon tennis champion Tony Wilding from New Zealand was one of the fatalities of the battle . Awards . Four Victoria Cross es were awarded for actions in the Battle of Aubers Ridge :
James Sanderson James Richard " Sandy " Sanderson ( b . abt 1926 - 10 Aug 2010 ) was a United States Navy Vice Admiral . He was born in Selma , California and died in Naval Medical Center Portsmouth , Portsmouth , Virginia ; he had lived in Virginia Beach , Virginia for a long time . His commands included ; commanding officer of , , and Battle Force , United States Sixth Fleet ; and Deputy Commander Atlantic Command , Atlantic Fleet . He joined the entered the Navy Aviation V - 5 program in 1943 ( some say March 1944 ) and retired from the Navy in April 1983 . Vice Admiral Sanderson was awarded the Legion of Merit four times , the Distinguished Service Medal , the Distinguished Flying Cross , the Meritorious Service Medal and five Air Medal s . Sanderson is an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America ( BSA ) . He has been an active supporter of Scouting throughout his life at many levels , including helping host the annual Eagle Recognition Dinner for BSA ' s Tidewater Council new Eagle Scouts .
1st ( Emperor Alexander ) Guards Grenadiers The 1st ( Emperor Alexander ) Guards Grenadiers ( " Kaiser Alexander Garde - Grenadier - Regiment Nr . 1 " ) were an infantry regiment of the Royal Prussian Army . The regiment was formed in 1814 and was named after Czar Alexander I of Russia , who was also its first colonel - in - chief . The regiment was disbanded in 1920 with the 9th and 12th company of the Infantry Regiment 9 Potsdam bearing its tradition in the new Reichsheer .
HMS Aboukir ( 1848 ) HMS " Aboukir " was a 90 - gun second - rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy launched in 1848 . She was refitted with screw propulsion in 1858 and was sold in 1877 . A monument on Southsea seafront commemorates an outbreak of Yellow Fever between 1873 and 1874 .
Schwerer Wehrmachtschlepper The " Schwerer Wehrmachtschlepper " ( Heavy Military Tractor ) , or sWS for short , was a German World War II half - track flat - bed cargo vehicle used in various roles between 1943 and 1945 . The unarmored models were used as supply vehicles and as tractors to haul things . The semi - armored version could mount a medium anti - aircraft gun , while the fully armored model carried a 10 barrel rocket launcher ( " Nebelwerfer " ) . Less than a thousand were built before the end of the war , but production continued after the war of an improved model in the Tatra plant in Czechoslovakia . History . On 7 May 1942 Hitler ordered development of a simple , low - speed , half - track , load - carrying vehicle for use on the Eastern Front . Büssing - NAG was selected to develop a new tractor ( " Zgkw . 5t neuer Art " ) to replace the earlier 5 tonne Sd . Kfz . 6 and Sd . Kfz . 11 half - tracks , as well as the various lesser - known vehicles of the same class . Production started in December 1943 at Büssing - NAG . Early examples used a truck - like , unarmored cabin similar to the earlier Sd . Kfz . half - track s it replaced , while later examples featured an armored cabin and engine compartment that looked similar to the famous Sd . Kfz . 251 armored personnel carrier . Tatra also joined in production , but together both factories produced only 825 vehicles in total . Tatra continued production of an improved vehicle after the war as the T809 . In addition to the basic cargo role , the vehicle was adapted as a mount for the medium 3 . 7 cm FlaK 43 anti - aircraft gun , which was placed at the front of the cargo area on a mounting with a large gun shield . The sides of the cargo compartment folded down to give the crew more room to maneuver . Ammunition was carried at the rear of the cargo area . The only other known modification was the " Panzerwerfer 42 auf sWS " , a 10 - barreled Nebelwerfer 42 rocket launcher placed over an armored ammunition storage compartment ; it was built over the cargo area that was intended to replace the 15 cm " Panzerwerfer auf Sf ( Sd . Kfz . 4 / 1 ) " , commonly called the " Maultier " . Armor . The " Panzerwerfer " mount had armor thick .