naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
15th South Carolina Infantry Regiment The 15th South Carolina Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . History . Initial battle . The 15th South Carolina ’ s initial trial - by - fire occurred on Hilton Head Island during the Battle of Port Royal Sound on November 7 , 1861 . Transfer to Virginia . Following the Regiment ’ s service on the coast of South Carolina , the unit was transferred to Robert E . Lee ’ s Army of Northern Virginia ( ANV ) in July 1862 . As part of Lee ’ s Army , the 15th SC served in James Longstreet ’ s corps in all of the ANV battles from Second Manassas onward , including Sharpsburg and South Mountain . Battles in Kershaw ' s brigade . In November 1862 , the 15th South Carolina joined Brigadier General Joseph B . Kershaw ’ s famous South Carolina brigade where the regiment remained for the rest of the War . As part of Kershaw ’ s brigade , the 15th SC fought in the battles of Fredericksburg , Chancellorsville and Gettysburg . Following the battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 , Kershaw ’ s brigade were sent by General Lee , along with two divisions of Longstreet ’ s corps , to the Western Army where they fought in the battles of Chicamauga , Knoxville and Bean ' s Station . Return to the ANV . In April 1864 , the 15th SC and the rest of Kershaw ' s brigade returned to Lee ’ s Army of Northern Virginia command and fought in the battles of the Wilderness , Spotsylvania , North Anna , Cold Harbour and the siege of Petersburg . In August 1864 , Lee ordered Kershaw ’ s brigade to the Shenandoah Valley where the men fought in the battles at Charlestown , Strasburg ' s Hupp ’ s Hill and Cedar Creek . In January 1865 , General Lee ordered Kershaw ’ s brigade to return to South Carolina to oppose Major General William Tecumseh Sherman ’ s army during his march through the Carolinas . Charleston and surrender . Following the evacuation of Charleston , where the 15th South Carolina was one of the last Confederate fighting units to leave the city , and the battles of Averasboro and Bentonville in North Carolina , the Regiment was surrendered , along with the remaining men of Kershaw ’ s brigade , to General Sherman as part of General Joseph E . Johnston ’ s Army of Tennessee in Greensboro , North Carolina on April 26 , 1865 . Kershaw ’ s brigade and the 15th South Carolina Infantry served as the last Confederate provost guard protecting food and ordnance stores in Greensboro before finally returning to their homes in South Carolina .
Admiralty Board ( United Kingdom ) The Admiralty Board is the body established under the Defence Council of the United Kingdom for the administration of the Naval Service of the United Kingdom . It meets formally only twice a year , and the day - to - day running of the Royal Navy is conducted by the Navy Board , which does not include any ministers . The Admiralty Board was established with the abolition of the Board of Admiralty and the integration of the three service ministries into the Ministry of Defence . The board is chaired by the Secretary of State for Defence and includes the professional heads of the navy , as well as various ministers and civil servants of the Ministry of Defence .
Owen Biddle , Sr . Owen Biddle , Sr . ( 1737 – March 10 , 1799 ) was a clockmaker and watchmaker by trade , a merchant in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , an American Revolutionary War Colonel , and an astronomer and scientist . Ancestors and early life . He was a great - grandson of William Biddle , I ( 1630 – 1712 ) , and Sarah Kempe ( 1634 – 1709 ) , Quakers who emigrated to America in 1681 . William Biddle was one of the Proprietors of West Jersey , and for many years a member of the Governor ' s Council of that colony . Owen was a grandson of William Biddle , II ( 1660 – 1743 ) , and son of John Biddle , I , ( 1707 – 1789 ) , who moved to Philadelphia about 1725 with his brother , William Biddle , III ( b . 1698 – 1756 ) . His father prospered as a merchant . After eight years of formal education , Owen Biddle became a clock and watchmaker . Patriot . He was engaged in mercantile pursuits , and with his younger brother , Clement Biddle , signed the Non - importation Resolutions of October 25 , 1765 . He was a delegate to the Provincial Conference January 23 , 1775 ; member of the Committee of Safety from June 30 , 1775 , to July 22 , 1776 , during which period he served as " defacto " Governor of Pennsylvania on July 4 , 1776 , again on July 8 and 10 , 1776 , and finally on July 16 , 1776 . Owen Biddle continued service with the newly constituted Council of Safety from July 24 , 1776 to March 13 , 1777 . He became a member of the Board of War on March 13 , 1777 , and was a member of the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention of July 15 , 1776 . In June , 1777 , he was appointed Deputy Commissary General of Forage , with the rank of Colonel , by the Continental Congress . He served under his younger brother , Clement , who was the Commissary General of Forage and also a Colonel , until August 15 , 1780 . He and his brother labored for three years to obtain provisions for the Continental Army ' s horses , mules and other draft animals , while struggling to obtain funds , working with unreliable subordinates , and many unresponsive farmers . Astronomy and science . He was an early and active member of the American Philosophical Society , one of its curators from 1769 to 1772 , and secretary from 1773 to 1782 , when he became one of the councilors , continuing as such until his death . In 1782 , he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1782 . He was one of the committee of thirteen appointed by the Society to observe the transit of Venus on June 3 , 1769 . These observations were made with eminent success by three members of the Committee , David Rittenhouse being stationed at Norristown , Dr . Ewins at Philadelphia , and Owen Biddle at Cape Henlopen , Delaware . Family . He married Sarah Parke in 1760 , and fathered ten children over a period of twenty years , including Owen Biddle , Jr . ( 1774 – 1806 ) , a member of the Carpenters ' Company of the City and County of Philadelphia . He died on March 10 , 1799 , in Philadelphia .
USS Cymophane ( PYc - 26 ) USS Cymophane ( PYc - 26 ) was an " Cymophane " - class patrol yacht acquired by the United States Navy early during World War II . She was used for patrol , escort , anti - submarine , and rescue operations along coastal waters . " Cymophane " was built in 1926 as " Sea Forth " by Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co . , Newport News , Virginia ; acquired by the Navy on 2 March 1942 ; and commissioned on 6 August 1942 , Lieutenant R . M . Hull , USNR , in command . World War II . Departing Sturgeon Bay , Wisconsin on 9 August 1942 after the completion of her conversion , " Cymophane " in company with two motor minesweepers sailed by way of Cleveland , Ohio , and the St . Lawrence River to Nova Scotia where she joined a convoy and sailed on 26 August for New York , arriving on 2 September . She served at New York under the 3rd Naval District . Reassigned to the 5th Naval District . Reassigned to the 5th Naval District , " Cymophane " arrived at Norfolk , Virginia on 21 November 1942 . She served in anti - submarine patrol , convoy escort duty along the U . S . East Coast , and rescue operations until 6 August 1944 , when she proceeded to Philadelphia Navy Yard , where she was decommissioned on 25 August . In - service operations . After overhaul , she was placed in service on 21 September , and on 2 October departed for New London , Connecticut , arriving on the 4th . Attached to the Underwater Sound Laboratory she alternated experimental work with submarine training until 30 April 1946 . Post - war decommissioning . She arrived at Brooklyn Navy Yard 10 May , and was placed out of service 23 May 1946 . She was transferred to the Maritime Commission on 10 June 1948 . Sold in 1952 to Visitor , Inc . of New York , New York and renamed " Seaforth " , she was dismantled in 1956 .
Victor Fortune Major - General Sir Victor Morven Fortune KBE , CB , DSO ( 21 August 1883 – 2 January 1949 ) was a British Army officer . He saw service in both World Wars . He commanded the 51st ( Highland ) Division during the Battle of France and was subsequently trapped and obliged to surrender to the Germans on 12 June 1940 . Military career . Fortune was commissioned into The Black Watch in 1903 and served in the First World War as Commanding Officer of the 1st Battalion The Black Watch from 1916 and Commander of 46th Brigade from 1918 . He became commanding Officer of 1st Battalion the Seaforth Highlanders in 1927 and Commander of the 5th Infantry Brigade in 1930 . He became General Officer Commanding 52nd ( Lowland ) Division in 1935 and General Officer Commanding the 51st Highland Division in 1937 . The 51st Division remained in France after the general evacuation from Dunkirk , having been assigned to the French X Corps . After naval evacuation proved impossible and supplies of ammunition had been exhausted , Major General Fortune was forced to surrender the greater part of the Highland Division at St Valery en Caux . One brigade had earlier withdrawn to Le Havre and avoided capture . General Fortune spent the rest of the war as a prisoner of war . As senior British officer in captivity in Germany , he worked to improve the conditions of the men under his command . He suffered a stroke in 1944 but refused repatriation . He was finally liberated in April 1945 and made KBE shortly after . Several writers have questioned the decision to remain with the French during the battle . However , General Charles de Gaulle stated , ' For my part , I can say that the comradeship of arms , sealed on the battlefield of Abbeville in May – June 1940 , between the French armoured division , which I had the honour to command , and the gallant 51st Scottish Division under General Fortune , played its part in the decision which I made to continue the fight at the side of the Allies , to the end , come what may ' . And he concluded by quoting the old motto of the Compagnie Ecossaise : ' omni modo fidelis ' - ' faithful in every way ' .
8th Mountain Division ( Wehrmacht ) 8th Mountain Division or 8 . Gebirgs - Division ( German ) was formed on 27 February 1945 by the redesignation of the 157th Mountain Division . Which itself had been formed from the 157th Infantry Division in September 1944 . The division was stationed in France until the Italian surrender when it then moved to Italy taking 5 . 772 prisoners during two days . The division remained in Italy for the rest of the war and surrendered to the Americans in April , 1945 .
Hot racking Hot racking ( also known as hot bunking or hot bedding ) is the sanctioned practice within military organizations of assigning more than one crew member to a bed or " rack " to reduce berthing ( sleeping ) space . The practice dates back at least to the sixteenth century , and today is particularly applied aboard submarine s , where maximization of space is especially important . Generally , the lowest ranking members of the crew are required to hot rack . Hot racking is sometimes utilized in jails and prisons to deal with overcrowding . Depending upon the watch system , two , or even three people may end up sharing the same bunk . The term comes from the military slang use of the term " rack " for a bed or bunk . With more than one crew member assigned to a rack , it is possible that a crew member returning from a duty shift will lie down on a rack immediately after it is vacated by another crew member about to start a shift . The rack is therefore said to be " hot " , that is , warm from the vacating crew member .
3rd Corps ( Vietnam People ' s Army ) 3rd Corps ( ) or Tây Nguyên Corps ( , literally : " Corps of Tây Nguyên " ) is one of the four regular army corps of the Vietnam People ' s Army . First organized in 1975 during the Vietnam War , 3rd Corps had a major role in the Ho Chi Minh Campaign and the Cambodian – Vietnamese War . Today the corps is stationed in Pleiku , Gia Lai . History . In July 1973 , the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam after its 21st conference issued a resolution of strengthening the armed forces in order to unify the country . In executing the issue , three months later the Ministry of Defence and the Military Commission of the Central Committee approved the plan of organizing regular army corps for the Vietnam People ' s Army . On March 26 , 1975 , General Võ Nguyên Giáp , Minister of Defence , signed the edict that led to the establishment of the 3rd Corps in Tây Nguyên , from which came the name Tây Nguyên Corps of the unit . The first headquarters of the corps consisted of party committee secretary ( " bí thư " ) Đặng Vũ Hiệp and commander ( " tư lệnh " ) Vũ Lăng . During the Ho Chi Minh Campaign , it was 3rd Corps that advanced through the maritime regions of Phú Yên , Khánh Hòa and later captured the Tan Son Nhat Airport . After the Vietnam War , 3rd Corps continued to engage in the Cambodian – Vietnamese War , the corps was awarded the title Hero of the People ' s Armed Forces ( " Anh hùng Lực lượng vũ trang nhân dân " ) in 1979 . Organization . The command structure of 3rd Corps consists of the High Command ( " Bộ tư lệnh " ) , the Staff of 3rd Corps ( " Bộ tham mưu " ) , the Political Department ( " Cục chính trị " ) , the Department of Logistics ( " Cục hậu cần " ) and the Department of Technique ( " Cục kỹ thuật " ) . The combat forces of the corps include the 10th Infantry Division , 31st Infantry Division , 320 Division ( Vietnam ) , 312th Regiment of Air Defence , 273rd Tank Regiment , 675th Artillery Regiment , 198th Regiment of Special Force , 29th Regiment of Signal and 545th Regiment of Engineers .
USS W . F . Babcock ( ID - 1239 ) USS " W . F . Babcock " ( ID - 1239 ) was a collier that served in the United States Navy from 1917 - 1919 . " W . F . Babcock " was a wooden - hulled , schooner - rigged barge launched in 1882 at Bath , Maine by A . Sewall and Company . She was acquired by the U . S . Navy from the Luckenbach Steamship Company on 18 October 1917 for service in World War I . Given Id . No . 1239 and commissioned on 8 November 1917 , " W . F . Babcock " operated as a collier at the 5th Naval District until 8 August 1918 , when she was assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) . Plying the United States East Coast between New England and Norfolk , Virginia . " W . F . Babcock " served as a coastwise collier through the end of World War I . Reassigned to the 1st Naval District on 15 August 1919 , she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 20 November and simultaneously sold to Reinhard and Hall . Her name disappeared from the shipping registers about that time . Sailing in the Golden Gate it appears on the 20 cent postage stamp issued in 1923 .
148th Battalion , CEF The 148th Battalion , CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War . Based in Montreal , Quebec , the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in that city and the surrounding district . After sailing to England in September 1916 , the battalion was absorbed into the 20th Reserve Battalion on January 8 , 1917 . The 148th Battalion , CEF had one Officer Commanding : Lieut - Col . A . A . Magee . References . Meek , John F . " Over the Top ! The Canadian Infantry in the First World War . " Orangeville , Ont . : The Author , 1971 .
Roy Courlander Roy Nicolas Courlander , ( 6 December 1914 – 1979 ) , nicknamed ' Reg ' , was a member of the German Waffen - SS British Free Corps and former member of the British Union of Fascists . Biography . Early life . Born illegitimately , Courlander was adopted by Lithuanian Jewish businessman , Leonard Henry Courlander ( 1878 – 1970 ) and Edith Cater ( 1898 - ? ) , who sent him to boarding school . When he was 19 , his parents divorced and he was sent to live and work on a coconut plantation owned by his father in the New Hebrides in the South Pacific . In November 1938 , Courlander arrived in New Zealand and found work as a clerk with the Land and Income Tax Department in Wellington . On the outbreak of war , Courlander was enlisted into the New Zealand army , and served in the Western Desert and Greece , where he was captured in April 1941 . Military life . He joined the New Zealand Army and was captured in Greece in 1941 . Courlander posed as a “ White Russian émigré ” and claimed to have extreme anti - Soviet views . He participated in the Nazi broadcast into Britain . Subsequently , the Germans recruited Courlander for the British Free Corps . Although the name ' Leonard Courlander ' appears in some records in connection with the British Free Corps , the actual member appears to be Roy Courlander . Along with Thomas Cooper , he is said to have forcibly recruited British and Dominion POW s for the British Free Corps . Courlander and another man , Francis Maton , left the BFC by volunteering for service with the war correspondent unit SS - Standarte Kurt Eggers , which was operating on the Western Front . Their ultimate goal was to make for the Allied lines at the first chance . Courlander removed all of the BFC insignia from their uniforms , replacing them with the standard SS patches and rank . The two men boarded a train for Brussels in the company of a Flemish Waffen - SS unit . On 3 September , the two men arrived in Brussels , where they went into hiding rather than face the advancing Allied army . The following day , they gave themselves up to a British officer , thus becoming the first two BFC men to be arrested . Lance Corporal Courlander was arrested and tried by court martial by the New Zealand military authorities in Margate , England , and on 3 October 1945 , six years to the day after enlisting , Roy was sentenced to 15 years in prison . In 1946 , he was transferred to Mount Eden prison in Auckland , New Zealand , until his release in 1951 . Later life . After serving his time , Courlander moved to Australia in the early 1950s to start a new life , but spent his last years moving between homes . He ended up in a small industrial town of Lethbridge Park , two hours ' drive from Sydney , which at the time was home to many serving and former soldiers . His last known address was a ground - floor council flat in a graffiti - scarred rundown block . He died in Australia in 1979 .
1794 razees In 1794 , three 64 - gun third - rate ships were cut down to 44 - gun fifth - rate frigates with a primary armament of 24 - pounder guns , in a process known as razeeing . This was in response to rumours then circulating of very large French frigates supposed to be under construction . By Admiralty Order of 11 August 1794 , two 64 - gun ships of the " Intrepid " class - " Anson " and " Magnanime " - were to be cut down by one deck level . By a subsequent Admiralty Order of 8 September 1794 , a third 64 - gun ship - the " Indefatigable " of the " Ardent " class - which had been launched but never commissioned in 1784 , was similarly to be cut down . The conversion retained the primary armament of twenty - six 24 - pounder guns on the gun deck ( but this deck became the upper deck rather than the lower deck ) , while the secondary armament became eight 12 - pounder guns and four 32 - pounder carronades on the quarter deck , and four 12 - pounder guns and two 32 - pounder carronades on the forecastle ; the complement was reduced to 310 men .
34th Transport Division ( People ' s Republic of China ) The 34th Transport Division is a unit of the Chinese People ' s Liberation Army Air Force . It is headquartered at Beijing Nanyuan Airport in the Beijing Military Region . The unit is equipped with Y - 7 , Y - 8 , and Il - 18 transport aircraft . 34th Transport Division sub units :
Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company ( a . k . a . Lockheed Shipbuilding ) , was a shipyard in Seattle , Washington on Harbor Island at the mouth of the Duwamish River . Founded in 1898 as the Puget Sound Bridge and Dredging Company , the company that built Harbor Island , it was purchased by Lockheed in 1959 . The shipyard was permanently closed in 1988 . The Lockheed Shipyard Operable Unit consisted of an shipyard facility located on the west side of Harbor Island at 2929 16th Avenue Southwest . The Lockheed Shipyard was a shipbuilding facility from the 1930s until 1988 . It was bounded on the north by Southwest Lander Street , on the east by 16th Avenue Southwest , on the south by the Fisher Mill property , and the west by the West Waterway of the Duwamish River . Lockheed constructed several Knox class frigate s for the United States Navy in the late 1960s and early 1970s . These ships included the , the , the , the , and the . Beginning in the mid - 1960s and extending into 1971 , Lockheed built and delivered seven landing platform dockships ( LPDs ) of the Cleveland and Trenton classes for the US Navy . These were the , the , the USS Coronado ( LPD - 11 ) , the , the , the , and the . Between 1971 and 1977 , Lockheed built two s for the US Coast Guard . Lockheed won the largest shipbuilding contract in its history in 1974 , when the US Navy ordered two submarine tenders to support the Los Angeles class nuclear submarines . A subsequent order announced with launch of the lead ship , in 1977 , added a third ship to the class . The " Land " and the joined the Navy in 1979 , with the joining the fleet in 1981 . In 1978 , Lockheed won the contract to construct the amphibious support transport ship . Lockheed delivered the Whidbey Island class ships and in 1986 and 1987 respectively .
Battle of Kherlen The battle of Kherlen was a battle between Borjigin Mongolia and Ming China that took place at the banks of Kherlen River ( Kerulen ) in Mongolia on 23 September 1409 . After Bunyashiri had been crowned with the title of Öljei Temür in 1403 , the Yongle Emperor sent an envoy to congratulate and demand submission of him in 1409 . Öljei Temür Khagan Bunyashiri detained the envoy to express he was not willing to join the tributary relationship with the Ming . The Asud leader , Arughtai , beheaded another envoy of Yongle in the same year and declared his allegiance to the Khagan . Yongle in return dispatched a large punitive expedition of 100 , 000 men to Mongolia . Lured deep into the steppe of Mongolia , the Ming army was completely routed and defeated . Qiu Fu , with several other commanders , was killed by Arughtai west of Onohu . This victory postponed any immediate invasion of Mongolia by Ming China for more than three years .
Dionizy Czachowski Dionizy Feliks Czachowski ( born April 6 , 1810 in Niedabyl , died November 6 , 1863 in Jawor Solecki ) was a Polish general and commander of the Sandomierz Voivodeship during the January Uprising in Congress Poland . Dionizy , through his mother , was a cousin of the Polish composer Frédéric Chopin ; the two shared a grandfather , Jakub Krzyżanowski . He played a role in the preparations for the uprising by , among other endeavors , using his personal fortune to purchase a large number of horses from the Russian army in 1862 . In 1863 he joined the uprising and reported himself at an insurrectionists ' concentration point at Łysa Góra . He originally was given the rank of colonel . Under General Marian Langiewicz Czachowski fought in various battles and skirmishes , including at the battles of Staszów , Małogoszcz and Grochowiska . After the latter battle , following Langiewicz ' s orders he crossed over into the Sandomierz Voivodeship , where on April 14 , 1863 , he was named the overall commander of the region and given an independent command . He was promoted to the rank of general in October 1863 . In November of that year his unit , stationed in the forest near Zwoleń , was tracked down by Russian forces . While trying to retreat Czachowski was cornered near the village of Jawor Solecki and there he died .