naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
8th Ersatz Division ( German Empire ) The 8th Ersatz Division ( " 8 . Ersatz - Division " ) was a unit of the German Army , in World War I . The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 . The division was a composite division , formed from 12 brigade replacement battalions ( " Brigade - Ersatz - Bataillone " ) from the Kingdom of Württemberg , the Grand Duchy of Hesse , the Rhine Province and the Province of Hesse - Nassau . It became more Württemberg as the war progressed and in February 1917 was officially designated a Royal Württemberg division . It was redesignated the 243rd Infantry Division in April 1917 . Formation . The division was formed on mobilization with 12 brigade replacement battalions . Each brigade replacement battalion was numbered after its parent infantry brigade , and was formed with two companies taken from the replacement battalion of each of the brigade ' s two infantry regiments . In three cases , a brigade replacement battalion drew from three regiments . Thus , collectively , the 12 brigade replacement battalions represented troop contributions from 27 different infantry regiments . Four brigade replacement battalions were from the Kingdom of Württemberg ; two were from the Grand Duchy of Hesse ; four were from the Prussian Rhine Province and two were from the Prussian Province of Hesse - Nassau ( one representing troops from the former Duchy of Nassau and one representing the former Electorate of Hesse ) . The infantry units were augmented with cavalry , artillery and combat engineers , also drawn from " Ersatz " formations . Combat chronicle . The division initially fought in the Battle of the Frontiers in 1914 , including the battle before Nancy - Epinal . From September 1914 to October 1916 , it was in the trenchlines and fought in the region between the Meuse and Moselle Rivers , especially in an area known as the Priest ' s Forest ( German : " Priesterwald " , French : " Bois Le Prêtre " ) . In October 1916 , it entered the Battle of the Somme . It returned to the Priesterwald thereafter , and was in that region when it was converted into the 243rd Infantry Division . Allied intelligence rated the division ' s elements as good . Order of battle on mobilization . The order of battle of the 8th Ersatz Division on mobilization was as follows : Order of battle on February 2 , 1917 . Divisions underwent many changes during the war , with regiments moving from division to division , and some being destroyed and rebuilt . The 8th Ersatz Division was reorganized and triangularized in July 1915 , losing its two non - Württemberg Ersatz brigades . The brigade replacement battalions were consolidated and converted into infantry regiments . Over the course of the war , units were exchanged with other divisions , cavalry was reduced , engineers increased , and an artillery command and a divisional signals command were created . The 8th Ersatz Division ' s order of battle on February 2 , 1917 , when it was officially named a Royal Württemberg division and shortly before being renamed the 243rd Infantry Division , was as follows :
Forbes Expedition The Forbes Expedition was a British military expedition led by Brigadier - General John Forbes in 1758 , during the French and Indian War . Its objective was the capture of Fort Duquesne , a French fort constructed at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers ( present - day Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania ) in 1754 . The expedition methodically constructed a road across what is now southern Pennsylvania , but was then largely Indian territory . This was in contrast to a similar expedition led by Edward Braddock in 1755 that ended in disaster . Working for most of the summer on the construction of the road , fortifications , and supply depots , the expedition did not come within striking distance of Fort Duquesne until September 1758 . In mid September , a reconnaissance force was soundly defeated when its leader , Major James Grant , attempted to capture the fort instead . The French , their supply line from Montreal cut by other British actions , attacked one of the expedition ' s forward outposts , Fort Ligonier , in an attempt to either drive off the British or acquire further supplies , but were repulsed . When the expedition neared to within a few miles of Fort Duquesne in mid November , the French abandoned and blew up the fort . Three units of scouts led by Captain Hugh Waddell entered the smoking remnants of the fort under the orders of Colonel George Washington on November 24 . General Forbes , who was ill with dysentery for much of the expedition , only briefly visited the ruins . He was returned to Philadelphia in a litter , and died not long afterward .
Camp Upton Camp Upton was an installation of the United States Army located in Yaphank on Long Island in Suffolk County , New York . It was located near Camp Mills . History . Camp Upton was named after Emory Upton , a Union general of the Civil War and was created in 1917 to house and train soldiers for the United States , which had no large standing army at the time of its entry into World War I . Irving Berlin , the composer , and Alvin York , the most decorated soldier of the American army in World War I , were processed at Camp Upton . The 77th Division was first organized there . During part of the war , the 82nd Division was quartered there . At the end of World War I , the camp was used to demobilize and inactivate units . Some of the units demobolized at the camp were : the 327th Infantry Regiment , the 325th Infantry Regiment , the 53rd Brigade , and the 101st Signal Battalion . In May 1919 , Camp Upton became the site of the Recruit Educational Center , an Army program that enrolled foreign - born , non - English speaking , and illiterate soldiers . Most of the Recruit Educational Center ' s inductees were immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe . In practice , the program aimed to " Americanize " these immigrants through instruction in the English language , military protocol , U . S . history , geography , citizenship , and political economy . Soldiers who graduated from the Recruit Educational Center at Camp Upton were eligible for a three year term of military service , after which they could be naturalized as American citizens . In 1921 , the federal government sold the buildings and equipment , but kept the land , designating it Upton National Forest . Many of the structures from the camp were transported to form the first large scale settlement at Cherry Grove , New York on Fire Island . It was used again by the Army in the mobilization of 1940 that preceded the American entry into World War II and later housed a convalescent and rehabilitation hospital . In 1946 , the camp was closed and ownership transferred to the Brookhaven National Laboratory . Popular culture . Irving Berlin , while stationed at Camp Upton , wrote a musical , " Yip , Yip , Yaphank " , which included the memorable song " Oh ! How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning . " The musical was turned into a 1943 movie " This Is The Army " which starred Ronald Reagan .
Reverse osmosis water purification unit A reverse osmosis water purification unit ( ROWPU ) is a portable , self - contained water treatment plant . Designed for military use , it can provide potable water from nearly any water source . There are many models in use by the United States armed forces and the Canadian Forces . Some models are containerized , some are trailers , and some are vehicles unto themselves . Each branch of the United States armed forces has their own series of ROWPU models , but they are all similar . The water is pumped from its raw source into the ROWPU module , where it is treated with a polymer to initiate coagulation . Next , it is run through a multi - media filter where it undergoes ion exchange . It is then pumped through a cartridge filter which is usually spiral - wound cotton . This process clarifies the water of any particles larger than and eliminates almost all turbidity . The clarified water is then fed through a high - pressure piston pump into a series of vessels where it is subject to reverse osmosis . The product water is free of 90 . 00 – 99 . 98 % of the raw water ' s total dissolved solids and by military standards , should have no more than 1000 – 1500 parts per million by measure of electrical conductivity . It is then disinfected with chlorine and stored for later use . Within the United States Marine Corps , the ROWPU has been replaced by both the Lightweight Water Purification System ( LWPS ) and Tactical Water Purification Systems ( TWPS ) . The LWPS can be transported by Humvee and filters per hour . The TWPS can be carried on a Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement truck , and can filter per hour .
Bernhard Walterbach Bernhard Walterbach ( 30 October 1918 – 26 July 1997 ) was a highly decorated Leutnant der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II , and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Detachment R Detachment R ( also known as the U . S . Army Russian Area School ) was a special U . S . Army School initially located in a former Wehrmacht garrison in Oberammergau and later moved to Regensburg , Germany , where it remained from 1950 to 1954 , when it was moved back to Oberammergau . The school operated as the two - year final component of the Army ' s Foreign Area Specialist Training ( FAST ) Program in Russian and was designed as a full - immersion experience in the language , economics , and culture of the Soviet Union . The first component of the FAST program involved a one - year Russian course at the Army Language School in Monterey , California , and was followed by a year at Columbia University studying Russian history , economics , political science , and other topics of strategic importance . Detachment R was described at length by Peter Bridges , former U . S . ambassador to Somalia , in his book , " Safirka " : Bridges goes on to describe the structure of the program , its leadership , and its faculty :
Douglas D - 906 The Douglas D - 906 was a paper project for a heavy lift transport by the Douglas Aircraft Company . Douglas spent four years studying a heavy lift logistics aircraft capable of moving outsize payloads and Army units , for which no capability existed , under the CX - 4 and Experimental Cargo - Heavy Logistics Support ( CX - HLS ) programs , which ultimately produced the C - 5 . The D - 906 was one of them . With a shoulder wing and six - thrust turbofans , it superficially resembled the Antonov An - 225 . Planned payload was to be for up to , with a takeoff weight of . Length was to be , span , and wing area . " This page uses content originally created here " .
Otto Guibovich Otto Napoleón Guibovich Arteaga ( * Chimbote , June 8 , 1955 - ) is a Peruvian soldier and the current Commanding General of the Peruvian Army . General Guibovich previously served as commander of the Center Military Region . He assumed his current assignment on December 5 , 2008 replacing General Edwin Donayre . Biography . Otto Guibovich was born in the city of Chimbote , in northern Peru in 1955 . In March 1973 he joined the Military School of Chorrillos , graduating as a Sub Lieutenant in January 1976 . He is married to Lourdes La Rosa Diez and have two children , Claudia and Jose Miguel . His military career began as Head of the Central Section Mortars Shooting Motorized Infantry Battalion No . 5 Zarumilla , continuing in the Army Special Forces . He studied in the former Soviet Union and the United Kingdom ( England ) . He was guest instructor at the School of Infantry United States Army in North America and Military Attache to the Embassy of Peru in Cuba . He has also been an instructor at the Army Command School , Instructor at the Military School of Chorrillos , Commander of the Counter Subversive Battalion No . 313 in Tingo Maria , Exchange Officer and Instructor at the School of Infantry United States Army , Chief Battalion Cadet EMCH , Instructor in the School of War , Chief of Operations of the 2nd Infantry Brigade - Ayacucho Battalion Commander Command No . 19 , Military Attache in the Republic of Cuba , Commander General 1st Special Forces Brigade and Deputy Director of Army Welfare , Director of Army Health . He has served as Chief of the Central Military Region Commander of Operational Command Center and Chief of Joint Staff of the Armed Forces . On December 4 , 2008 he was appointed Army Commander General of Peru , one by order signed by President Alan Garcia and Defense Minister Antero Florez Araoz . Military career . Guibovich ' s career as a soldier and an officer began with his education at the Peruvian Chorrillos Military School . Commanding General . Guibovich ' s tenure as Commanding General starts in 2008 .
Kosmos 2393 Kosmos 2393 ( meaning " Cosmos 2393 " ) is a Russian US - K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 2002 as part of the Russian Space Forces ' Oko programme . The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors . Kosmos 2393 was launched from Site 16 / 2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia . A Molniya - M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch , which took place at 12 : 20 UTC on 24 December 2002 . The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit . It subsequently received its Kosmos designation , and the international designator 2002 - 059A . The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 27613 . It stopped undertaking maneuvers to remain in its orbital position in February 2007 which probably indicates that it was not working from that date .
Morris Brown , Jr . Morris Brown , Jr . ( August , 1842 - June 22 , 1864 ) was an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War . Biography . Brown was attending Hamilton College when he joined the Army in August 1862 . At Hamilton he was a member of Chi Psi Fraternity . He served in the 126th New York Infantry , and by the time of his death was , as a Captain , the senior living officer of his regiment . He was killed in action on June 22 , 1864 at Petersburg , Virginia . He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor on March 6 , 1869 for his actions at the Battle of Gettysburg which included the capture of a large number of Confederates as well as the heroic capture of a Confederate flag . A book detailing his exploits during the Civil War was released in 2012 and is entitled " Fight All Day , March All Night " by Wayne Mahood . Medal of Honor citation . Citation : Capture of flag .
Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia Saint Adrian ( also known as Hadrian ) or Adrian of Nicomedia was a Herculian Guard of the Roman Emperor Galerius Maximian . After becoming a convert to Christianity with his wife Natalia , Adrian was martyred at Nicomedia on March 4 , 306 . Martyrdom . Ss . Adrian and Natalia lived in Nicomedia during the time of Emperor Maximian in the early fourth century . The twenty - eight year old Adrian was head of the praetorium . It is said that while presiding over the torture of a band of Christians , he asked them what reward they expected to receive from God . They replied , " Eye hath not seen , nor ear heard , neither have entered into the heart of man , the things which God hath prepared for them that love him " ( ) . He was so amazed at their courage that he publicly confessed his faith , though he had not himself yet been baptised . He was then immediately imprisoned himself . He was forbidden visitors , but accounts state that his wife Natalia came to visit him dressed as a boy to ask for his prayers when he entered Heaven . The executioners wanted to burn the bodies of the dead , but a storm arose and quenched the fire . Natalia recovered one of Adrian ' s hands . Later , Christians took Adrian ' s body and buried him on the outskirts of Byzantium , at Argyropolis . Natalia went to live there , and when she herself died , she was buried with the martyrs . Historicity . The accuracy of the recorded story has been questioned . Some sources state that there were actually two Adrians martyred at Nicomedia , one under Diocletian , and one under Licinius . Feast day and patronage . In the Eastern Orthodox Church , Saint Hadrian shares a feast day with his wife on September 8 ; he also has feast days alone on March 4 and August 26 . In the Roman Catholic Church he is venerated alone , without his wife , on 8 September . Saint Hadrian is protector against the plague , and patron of old soldiers , arms dealers , butchers and communications phenomena . He was the chief military saint of Northern Europe for many ages , second only to St . George , and is much revered in Flanders , Germany and the north of France . He is usually represented armed , with an anvil in his hands or at his feet .
Almace In the legendary " Song of Roland " , Almace , Almice or Almacia is the sword of Turpin , Archbishop of Reims , one of the last three Franks to die at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass , along with Roland ( Orlando in Italian ) and Gualter de Hum . Unlike Roland ' s much more famous sword Durendal , very little is said about Almace in the Song of Roland . However the Norse saga , the " Karlamagnus saga " expands this slightly , claiming that a sword called Kurt ( better known as the Curtana ) , Almace and Durendal were three swords forged by the legendary Anglo - Saxon blacksmith Weyland , and presented to Charlemagne . Charlemagne tested the swords by seeing how far they would cut into a steel mound ; Kurt penetrated " a hand ' s breadth " but was notched , Almace penetrated a hand ' s breadth without damage , and Durendal penetrated " half the length of a man ' s foot " . Charlemagne gave Kurt to Ogier the Dane and Almace to Bishop Turpin , and initially kept Durendal for himself . ( Later he was told in a dream to give Durendal to Count Roland . ) Another legend , written about Curtana itself , claims that it , Durendal , and Charlemagne ' s Joyeuse are a set of three , leaving Almace ' s origins unexplained . The etymology of the name is uncertain , but it may be derived from German , or from the Old Norse " all macht " , meaning Almighty .
USS La Porte ( APA - 151 ) USS La " Porte " ( APA - 151 ) was a " Haskell " - class attack transport acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II for the task of transporting troops to and from combat areas . " La Porte " ( " APA - 151 " ) was laid down under a Maritime Commission contract 15 May 1944 by Oregon Shipbuilding Group , Portland , Oregon ; launched 30 June 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Charles N . Niles ; and commissioned 14 August 1944 , Comdr . Marion C . Thompson in command . World War II service . After shakedown , " La Porte " departed San Francisco , California , 22 October 1944 to join the Pacific amphibious forces . Arriving Milne Bay 8 November for training operations , the attack transport sailed from Manus 2 January 1945 for Luzon . " La Porte " steamed into Lingayen Gulf 9 days later and debarked troops and equipment despite attacks of enemy aircraft . Her mission completed , she returned Leyte 16 January to prepare for the invasion of Okinawa . Under attack , landing troops on Okinawa . Loaded with 1 , 500 troops , " La Porte " departed San Pedro Bay 27 March as part of the largest amphibious operation of the Pacific war . Troops hit the beach 1 April to begin the invasion which placed an Allied garrison next door to Japan . Two days later a kamikaze dived at the sitting transport , but accurate fleet antiaircraft fire splashed the raider before he reached his mark . Departing Okinawa 5 April " La Porte " arrived San Francisco 3 weeks later for a brief replenishment period . End - of - war operations . Returning to Ie Shima 14 July , the transport unloaded 1 , 300 Army Engineer replacements before she once again sailed for the United States . She arrived San Francisco 10 August : and , after hostilities with Japan ended , " La Porte " prepared for occupation duty in the Far East . With 1 , 146 replacements on board , the transport departed San Francisco for the Far East and debarked troops at Leyte 15 September . During the next 2 months , La Porte operated in the western Pacific Ocean , transferring troops into the occupied territories of Japan and liberated areas of China . She embarked homeward bound servicemen and sailed from Manila 25 November , arriving Seattle , Washington , 3 weeks later . Post - war decommissioning . " La Porte " arrived Norfolk , Virginia , 14 February 1946 and decommissioned there 25 March 1946 . She was returned to War Shipping Administration ( WSA ) 3 days later . She was placed in the National Defense Reserve Fleet and was berthed at James River , Virginia . She was struck from the Navy list on ( date unknown ) and is presumed scrapped ( date unknown ) . Military awards and honors . The U . S . S . La Porte received two battle stars in the Asiatic - Pacific Theater and one battle star in the Philippine Liberation Theater for World War II service . References : From a report complied by Elliott L Brainard , Ens D , USNR , from the writing of our Skipper , Marion C Thompson , Captain , US Navy , at Anchorage " C " , Hampton Roads , Virginia , and from 6 - 2 - 47 Stencil , Ships Section , Office of Public Information , Navy Department
Hendrik Trajectinus , Count of Solms Hendrik Trajectinus , Count of Solms , ( b . 1636 in Utrecht – July 13 , 1693 in Neerwinden ) was a Dutch lieutenant - general . Commander of the " Garde te Voet " , he played an important role in the Battle of Steenkerque . He was killed in the Battle of Neerwinden . References . city
Guy Joseph Bonnet Guy Joseph Bonnet ( 1773 – 1843 ) was a Haiti an historian and a Major General of the Army of the Republic of Haiti . He was one of the signers of the Haitian Act of Independence , which formally declared Haiti independent from French colonial rule . He is known for his historical book " Souvenirs Historiques " ( " Historical Memories " ) , published posthumously in 1864 .
Northern Ireland War Memorial The Northern Ireland War Memorial also called NI War Memorial and War Memorial was opened in 2007 in Talbot Street , Belfast , Northern Ireland . It replaced an earlier building called Memorial House which was located in Waring Street on a site which was bombed during the Blitz in 1941 . It contains the Home Front Exhibition and the first national memorial to the hundreds killed in the Belfast blitz . Aim . The aim and purpose of the War Memorial is to :