naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Bowman H . McCalla Rear Admiral Bowman H . McCalla ( 19 June 1844 – 6 May 1910 ) was an officer in the United States Navy , who was noted for his roles in the Spanish - American War and putting down the Boxer Rebellion . Biography . Born in Camden , New Jersey , McCalla was appointed midshipman November 30 , 1861 . McCalla ' s courage and leadership during his career often earned him great , and due , respect among his fellow officers . In the spring of 1885 , he led an expeditionary force of 750 seamen and marines which landed at Panama to protect American treaty rights when a revolution there threatened to block transit across the isthmus . As commanding officer of USS " Marblehead " , September 11 , 1897 to September 16 , 1898 , he took part in the blockade of Cuba and was responsible for the cutting of submarine cables linking Cienfuegos with the outside world , thus isolating the Spanish garrison there , in May 1898 . In June 1898 , he led the invasion of Guantánamo Bay . In 1898 he was elected as a veteran companion of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of Foreign Wars . He was also a veteran companion of the Illinois Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States . While in command of " Newark " during the Boxer Rebellion two years later , he was cited for conspicuous gallantry in battle as he led a force of sailors from Tientsin to Peking . McCalla ' s force of 112 men spearheaded an international column , under British Admiral Sir Edward Seymour , which was attempting to fight its way to the aid of foreign legations under siege at Peking . In the course of the battle at Hsiku Arsenal , McCalla , along with 25 of his force , was wounded ; five were killed . See Seymour Expedition , China 1900 . Commissioned rear admiral October 11 , 1903 , and entered on the retired list June 19 , 1906 , McCalla died on May 6 , 1910 at Santa Barbara , California , and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery . Namesakes . Two ships were named USS " McCalla " for him . McCalla Field and McCalla Hill at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base are named after him as well .
Jean Chrétien Fischer Jean Chrétien Fischer ( German : Johann Christian Fischer ; 17 January 1713 in Stuttgart – 1 July 1762 near Kassel ) was a German - born soldier in the French service . Biography . He was a leader of the partisans in the French Army during the War of the Austrian Succession . In 1743 , he was authorized by the Marshal de Belle - Isle to raise a company , which was called Fischer ' s " chasseur s " , the origin of that branch in the French Army . He distinguished himself in the Seven Years ' War ; was made brigadier for his bravery at Arloff ( 1759 ) ; added to his fame at the Battle of Clostercamp ( 1760 ) ; resigned his command to the Marquis de Conflans ( 1761 ) , but still fought in his old troop with the rank of a lieutenant - colonel .
Orin G . Murfin Orin Gould Murfin ( April 13 , 1876 – October 22 , 1956 ) was an admiral in the United States Navy . Murfin served as the commanding officer of USS " Albany " ( CL - 23 ) in 1916 and of " West Virginia " ( BB - 48 ) , 1928 - 29 . From 1931 - 34 , he was the Navy ' s Judge Advocate General . He also served as Commander - in - Chief , Asiatic Fleet , 1935 - 36 . From there , Murfin became the commandant of the 14th Naval District , where he led the Navy ' s participation in the search for Amelia Earhart when her plane went missing in 1937 . Following his retirement , Murfin served as the President of the Navy Court of Inquiry following the attack on Pearl Harbor ; their conclusions were regarded as too lenient by Forrestal , see Edward C . Kalbfus .
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 4 Launch Complex 4 ( LC - 4 ) was one of the first series of launch complexes to be built at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on Cape Canaveral , Florida . It consisted of two pads , LC - 4 which was used for 25 launches of Bomarc , Matador and Redstone missiles between 1952 and 1960 ; and LC - 4A , which was used for three Bomarc launches between 1958 and 1959 . Following its deactivation in 1960 , the original structures at the complex were dismantled . New facilities were built at the site in the 1980s , and it was used for aerostat launches between 1983 and 1989 . Following this , the aerostat launch facilities were also removed , and the complex is currently not accessible to the public .
PPG tankette The PPG tankette ( , literally " mobile machine - gun nest " ) , also known by the prototype name " Obiekt 217 " , was a Soviet tankette produced for fighting in Finland . This vehicle never saw combat . Soviet infantry took huge losses attacking Finnish fortifications in the Winter War . To compensate , they sometimes assaulted them in armoured sledges towed by tanks . The PPG tankette was an attempt to create an infantry carrier to fulfil this role . About a hundred were produced at the Kirov Factory in Leningrad in 1940 and rushed to the front , but didn ' t make it to Finland in time to be used in combat . The PPG tankette had partial armoured cover of 5 to 8 mm thickness protecting the front and sides , for two infantrymen riding in a prone position . It was armed with two 7 . 62mm DT machine gun s . The tankette was powered by a twenty - five horsepower motorcycle engine allowing it to reach a speed of about 25 km / h , and weighed about 2 . 5 tonnes .
Battle of Umm Qasr The Battle of Umm Qasr was the first military confrontation in the Iraq War . At the start of the war , one of the first objectives was the port of Umm Qasr . On March 21 , 2003 , as allied forces advanced across Southern Iraq , an amphibious landing force captured the new port area of Umm Qasr . The assault was spearheaded by Royal Marines of the British 3 Commando Brigade , augmented by Marines of the US 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit and Polish GROM troops . Iraqi forces in the old town of Umm Qasr put up unexpectedly strong resistance , requiring several days ' fighting before the area was cleared of defenders . The port was finally declared safe and reopened on March 25 , 2003 . After the waterway was de - mined by a detachment from HM - 14 and Naval Special Clearance Team ONE of the U . S . Navy and reopened , Umm Qasr played an important role in the shipment of humanitarian supplies to Iraqi civilians . Coalition minesweepers , including HMS " Bangor " , and HMS Sandown aided by divers , US Navy MH - 53E helicopters , trained dolphins and seals , located the approach to the port and cleared it of mines , allowing RFA " Sir Galahad " to dock after a couple of days .
No . 241 Squadron RAF No . 241 Squadron is a former squadron of the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) formed during the First World War . History . No . 241 Squadron was formed in August 1918 from the former Royal Naval Air Service flights operating at the RNAS seaplane station at the Isle of Portland ( HMS " Serepta " ) and their airfield at Chickerell ; Flight numbers 416 , 417 and 513 . They continued to fly patrols over the English Channel hunting submarines until the end of the war . The squadron was disbanded the following year , on 18 June 1919 . The squadron was reformed in the Second World War . A flight of No . 614 Squadron RAF was redesignated as 241 Squadron on 25 September 1940 at Inverness . The squadron initially operated the Westland Lysander . To this were added some Blackburn Roc naval dive bombers and some Curtiss Tomahawk s . In April 1942 , the squadron moved to North Africa with Hawker Hurricanes where it flew reconnaissance and ground attack during the Tunisian campaign . The Hurricanes were replaced with Spitfires in December 1943 . The squadron operated various reconnaissance and ground attack duties in Italy until the end of the war . The squadron was disbanded on 14 August 1945 . References . http : / / www . raf . mod . uk / history / h241 . html as accessed on 10 January 2007
Fokker E . IV The Fokker E . IV was the final variant of the " Eindecker " fighter aircraft that was operated by Germany during World War I . Design and development . Given the Fokker designation of M . 15 , the E . IV was essentially a lengthened Fokker E . III powered by the 119 kW ( 160 hp ) Oberursel U . III two - row , 14 - cylinder rotary engine , a copy of the Gnome Double Lambda . The more powerful engine was intended to enable the " Eindecker " to carry two or three 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) machine gun s , thereby increasing its firepower and providing redundancy if one gun jammed - a common occurrence at the time . However , the E . IV was a troubled design that never achieved the success of its predecessor and was soon out - classed by French and British fighters . The prototype E . IV was accepted for testing by the German " Inspektion der Fliegertruppen " in September 1915 . It was fitted with three forward - firing 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) lMG 08 " Spandau " machine guns , mounted to fire upwards at 15° . Anthony Fokker demonstrated the E . IV at Essen but the complicated triple - synchronization gear failed and the propeller was damaged . The removal of the left - side gun is believed to have been pioneered on Oswald Boelcke ' s E . IV , believed to have borne IdFlieg serial 123 / 15 , with a simpler double - synchronisation system used on the retained center - line and right side MG 08 Spandau guns . The fitment of dual MG 08 " Spandau " forward - firing , synchronized machine guns became the standard armament for production E . IVs , and indeed for all subsequent German D - type biplane fighters . The angling of the guns was also abandoned . Operational history . The modified prototype underwent combat evaluation on the Western Front by " Oberleutnant " Otto Parschau in October 1915 , making it the first twin - gun fighter in service . Leading German ace Oswald Boelcke evaluated the E . IV at Fokker ' s Schwerin factory in November . The pilots discovered that mounting the much heavier Oberursel U . III onto the " Eindecker " airframe did not produce a better aircraft - one pilot described it as " practically a flying engine . " The inertia l and gyroscopic forces of the spinning mass made the E . IV less manoeuvrable than the E . III and any loss of efficiency from the notoriously unreliable engine made the aircraft virtually uncontrollable , requiring the engine to be switched off . Turning under such conditions was exceedingly difficult because the E . IV still used wing warping instead of ailerons . Furthermore , the engine worked well when new , but lost power after only a few hours of operation . Only 49 E . IVs were built out of the total " Eindecker " production run of 416 aircraft . Over half of the E . IVs entered service in June 1916 and the last were delivered in December 1916 by which time they were obsolete .
Action of 31 July 1712 This battle took place on 31 July 1712 southeast of Rügen , in the Baltic Sea , during the Great Northern War . The site is known as " Neues Tief " in German , " Nydyp " in Danish , and " Nya Djupet " in Swedish . The action was inconclusive . Ships involved . The name of the ship is followed by the number of guns carried . Denmark ( Sehested ) . " Ditmarsken " 46 ( v . adm . Christen Thomesen Sehested ; capt . com . Christian Thomsen Carl ) < br > " Kongens Jagt Krone " 24 < br > " Ark Noa " 16 < br > " Ebenetzer " 15 < br > " Helleflynder " 14 < br > Sweden ( Henck ) . " Stralsund " 30 < br > " Anklam " 30 < br > " St Thomas " 30 < br > " St Johannes " 30 < br > " Witduve " 22 < br > " Jomfru " 14 < br > " Sjökane I " 8 < br > " Sjökane II " 8 < br > " ? " 6 ( pram ) < br > " ? " 6 ( galley ) < br > " ? " ( bomb ) < br > " ? " ( " kreiert " ) - Scuttled 2 / 3 August , captured 5 / 6 August , refloated 6 August , fought on Danish side on 17 August < br > 11 transports
Rienzi Melville Johnston Rienzi Melville Johnston ( September 9 , 1849February 28 , 1926 ) was an American newspaperman and Democratic Party politician from Houston , Texas . He headed the " Houston Post " for many years , and in 1913 served a month in the United States Senate when Governor Colquitt appointed him to complete the term of the resigned Senator Bailey .
Bezrechnaya - 2 Bezrechnaya - 2 ( also given variously as Bezrechnaya , Bezrechnoy , Khodabulak , Khada Bulak North , or Mirnaya ) is an interceptor aircraft base in Chita Oblast , Russia located 12 km east of Mirnaya . It features a linear tarmac . The base has been home to :
Louis G . Chaput Louis G . Chaput ( 1845 – April 17 , 1916 ) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U . S . military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor , for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay . Born in 1845 in Nova Scotia , Chaput immigrated to the United States and was living in New York when he joined the U . S . Navy . He served during the Civil War as a landsman on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 , " Lackawanna " engaged the at close range and Chaput was severely wounded in the face and limbs by flying debris while manning an artillery gun . After receiving medical treatment , he returned to his post and continued working the gun for the remainder of the battle . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later , on December 31 , 1864 . Chaput ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : On board the U . S . S . " Lackawanna " during successful attacks against Fort Morgan , rebel gunboats and the rebel ram " Tennessee " in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Severely wounded , Chaput remained at his gun until relieved , reported to the surgeon and returned to his gun until the action was over . He was then carried below following the action which resulted in the capture of the prize ram " Tennessee " and in destruction of batteries at Fort Morgan . Chaput died on April 17 , 1916 , at age 70 or 71 .
Denise Rose Staff Sergeant Denise Michelle Rose ( died 31 October 2004 ) of the Royal Military Police ' s Special Investigation Branch was the first British female soldier to die in military operations in the Iraq War . Her death was later ruled to have been a suicide . Rose was found dead from a gunshot wound at the Army base in the Shatt - al - Arab Hotel , Basra , on 31 October 2004 . Rose was originally from Liverpool , England . She joined the Royal Military Police in 1989 , and trained as an SIB investigator in 1995 , conducting investigations into serious incidents within the military in the UK and Cyprus . She deployed as a volunteer to Iraq on 27 September 2004 , operating as part of a small team of specialist investigators to provide security for the people of Iraq and assist in the rebuilding of the country through the provision of a well trained police force .
OMAR Mine Museum Located in Kabul , Afghanistan , the OMAR Mine Museum contains a collection of 51 types of land mine s out of the 53 used in Afghanistan over the years . The collection includes unexploded ordnance , cluster bomb s and airdrop bombs used by the U . S . invasion in 2002 . OMAR stands for the Organization for Mine Clearance and Afghan Rehabilitation . For security reasons , the museum is not open for casual visitors . All appointments must be made through the main OMAR office . Dr . Shah Walie is one of the primary organizers of the museum . Apart from mines , the museum displays a variety of other military hardware from wars fought in Afghanistan over the recent decades , including artillery , surface - to - air missiles , and a collection of Soviet military aircraft . External links . Blog entries describing visits to the museum :
John Francis Young John Francis Young VC ( 14 January 1893 – 7 November 1929 ) was a Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Young was one of seven Canadians to be awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on September 2 , 1918 . The other six Victoria Cross recipients were Claude Joseph Patrick Nunney , William Metcalf , Cyrus Wesley Peck , Walter Leigh Rayfield , Bellenden Hutcheson and Arthur George Knight . Early life . John Francis Young was born in Kidderminster England on 14 January 1893 . He emigrated to Canada prior to World War I and worked in Montreal as a packer for Imperial Tobacco . Victoria Cross . John Francis Young was 25 years old , and a private in the 87th ( Canadian Grenadier Guards ) Battalion , Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross . On 2 September 1918 in the Dury - Arras Sector , France , when his company had suffered heavy casualties , Private Young , a stretcher - bearer , went forward to dress the wounded in open ground swept by machine - gun and rifle fire . He did this for over an hour displaying absolute fearlessness , and on more than one occasion , having used up all his stock of dressings , he made his way to company headquarters for a further supply before returning to the battlefield . Later in the day he organised and led stretcher - bearers to bring in the wounded whom he had dressed . He spent a full hour rescuing well over a dozen men . Mustard gas was present in the battle which damaged one of Young ' s lungs . This later contributed to his contracting tuberculosis . Later life . He received his Victoria Cross from King George V at Buckingham Palace on 30April 1919 . After the war , having attained the rank of sergeant , Young returned to his old job in Montreal . Some years later he developed tuberculosis and was admitted to a sanatorium in Sainte - Agathe - des - Monts , Quebec , where he died on 7 November 1929 . He was buried in Mount Royal Cemetery , Montreal . His grave , marked with a somewhat weather - worn headstone , is in Section L / 2 , plot 2019 . Legacy . The Canadian Grenadier Guards ' Junior Ranks mess has been renamed the " John Francis Young Club " in his honour and still bears his name . Also in Young ' s honour , members are required to execute a proper halt , briefly coming to attention , upon entering the Club . After the war , Young continued to serve in the Regiment , rising to the rank of Sergeant . There is a memorial plaque in his memory permanently on display the Sergeants ' mess , as well . He is remembered still and honoured as one of the outstanding heroes of the Regiment ' s history . The medal is not on public display . It is said to be locked in a vault , in the possession of one of Young ' s grandsons . Actually , the medal group is on display at the Ottawa War Museum .
Atlantic Revolutions The Atlantic Revolutions were a revolutionary wave in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries . It was associated with the Atlantic World during the era from the 1770s to the 1820s . It shook the Americas and Europe , including the United States ( 1775 – 1783 ) , France and French - controlled Europe ( 1789 – 1814 ) , Haiti ( 1791 – 1804 ) , and Spanish America ( 1810 – 1825 ) . There were smaller upheavals in Switzerland , Russia , and Brazil . The revolutionaries in each country knew of the others and to some degree were inspired by or emulated them . Independence movements in the New World began with the American Revolution , 1775 – 1783 , in which France , the Netherlands and Spain assisted the new United States of America as it secured independence from Britain . In the 1790s the Haitian Revolution broke out . With Spain tied down in European wars , the mainland Spanish colonies secured independence around 1820 . In long - term perspective , the revolutions were mostly successful . They spread widely the ideals of republicanism , the overthrow of aristocracies , kings and established churches . They emphasized the universal ideals of the Enlightenment , such as the equality of all men , including equal justice under law by disinterested courts as opposed to particular justice handed down at the whim of a local noble . They showed that the modern notion of revolution , of starting fresh with a radically new government , could actually work in practice . Revolutionary mentalities were born and continue to flourish to the present day . National revolutions . Various connecting threads among these varied uprisings include a concern for the " Rights of Man " and freedom of the individual ; an idea ( often predicated on John Locke or Jean - Jacques Rousseau ) of popular sovereignty ; belief in a " social contract " , which in turn was often codified in written constitutions ; a certain complex of religious convictions often associated with Deism or Voltairean agnosticism , and characterized by veneration of reason ; abhorrence of feudalism and often of monarchy itself . The Atlantic Revolutions also had many shared symbols , including the name " Patriot " used by so many revolutionary groups ; the slogan of " Liberty " ; the liberty cap ; Lady Liberty or Marianne ; the tree of liberty or liberty pole , and so on .
John Carroll ( VC ) John Carroll VC ( 16 August 1891 – 4 October 1971 ) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Born in Brisbane , Queensland to Irish parents , Carroll moved to Western Australia while still a child . He worked as a labourer and railway guard before enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force as a private in April 1916 . Military career . Joining the Australian 3rd Division , Carroll was originally a reinforcement for the West Australian 44th Battalion before moving to the New South Wales 33rd Battalion in November 1916 . On 7 – 12 June 1917 at St . Yves , Belgium , during the Battle of Messines , Private Carroll rushed the enemy ' s trench and bayonet ed four of the occupants . He then noticed a comrade in difficulty and went to his assistance , killing another of the enemy . Next , he single - handedly attacked a machine - gun team , killing three of them and capturing the gun . Later , two of his comrades were buried by a shell ; in spite of heavy shelling and machine - gun fire , he managed to rescue them . It has been claimed that Carroll failed on three occasions to appear at Buckingham Palace for his Victoria Cross award ceremony and when he did turn up on the fourth occasion he took advantage of one of the entitlements of VC recipients to call out the Palace Guard . These stories first appeared in the " Perth Daily News " on 2 November 1927 and the source of the story would seem to be Carroll himself . He was in hospital after an industrial accident in which one of his feet was amputated . Just out of surgery and still in pain he was interviewed by a reporter who does not seem to have checked the veracity of the stories . Carroll was severely wounded at Passchendaele in October 1917 . His rehabilitation was successful but after briefly returning to his unit , the Australian Prime Minister Billy Hughes , then in England , arranged for furlough to Australia for Victoria Cross recipients to help recruiting in Australia . Later life . Carroll died on 4 October 1971 , at the age of 80 , and is buried in Karrakatta Cemetery , Perth , Western Australia . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Australian War Memorial , Canberra , Australia . Medals : Victoria Cross , British War Medal , Victory Medal Legacy . The John Carroll ward at the former Repatriation General Hospital , Hollywood is named in his honour .