naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Spartaco Fontano Spartaco Fontano ( born 17 January 1922 at Monfalcone , Italy , and died 21 February 1944 , at Fort Mont - Valérien , France ) , was one of the members of the French resistance shot at Mont Valérien as a member of the Manouchian group . He was an Italian volunteer soldier in the French liberation army FTP - MOI . His name is one of the ten featured on the " " affiche rouge " " , the propaganda poster displayed by the Germans during the trial of the 23 members of the Manouchian group . His photograph is also on the poster , with the caption " Fontanot , Italian communist , 12 attacks " . Early years . Spartaco Fontano was born on 17 January in Monfalcone , in the province of Gorizia in Friuli - Venezia Giulia , Italy . He arrived in France at the age of two , his antifascist parents having been obliged to leave Italy when Benito Mussolini came to power . After elementary school , he took classes at the technical college of Puteaux , which he left with a " certificate of professional aptitude " as a fitter , turner , and draftsman . His wish was to become an engineer , but his parents were not able to help him pursue his studies , and he started at a small factory as a turner . He still harbored the ambition to become an engineer by taking night classes at the " École des Arts et Métiers " in Paris . Second world war . At the time of the German occupation in 1941 , Fontano quickly devoted himself to the armed struggle , and , in 1942 , he volunteered for the FTP ' s immigrant section in the Paris region , a part of the French forces of the interior ( FFI ) . Unable to divide his efforts , he stopped taking night courses . In March 1943 , the police came to arrest his father and sister . A wanted man , he was forced to quit his parental home . He took part in numerous attacks and sabotages against the occupying forces and against German officers , notably at Rueil , Place de la Concorde , and even bus stations . Of note are the assassination operations he undertook against , and against General von Schaumburg , the commandant of greater Paris . He also sabotaged many electricity pylons and was rated as an excellent shot . Because of his command experience as the head of an operational detachment under the command of Missak Manouchian , he was appointed lieutenant in the French Forces of the Interior , the FFI ( Forces Françaises de l ' Intérieur ) . Arrested in Paris by the police on 13 November 1943 , Fontano did not give them any information . He was transferred to Fresnes prison and sentenced by the military court ; his execution took place on 21 February 1944 at Mont Valérien along with 21 of his comrades . Spartaco Fontano was the one of three heroes in his family ; Jacques Fontano ( 18 years old ) and Nérone Fontano also gave their lives for the liberation of France nm , bm .
Fleurs Aerodrome Fleurs Aerodrome was a parent aerodrome built on behalf of the Royal Australian Air Force near Penrith , New South Wales , Australia during World War II . Construction started on the aerodrome in 1942 and was still under construction in 1944 as part of a proposal to base a United States Navy Fleet Air Wing in Sydney should the need arise . Initially planned with three runways , No . 1 ( 5000 ft ) and No . 3 ( 6000 ft ) runways were serviceable , however construction of No . 2 runway ( 5000 ft ) was abandoned . A total of eight aircraft dispersal hideouts were constructed and accommodation was a farm house and a former Civil Constructional Corps camp . In 1969 , Fleurs was considered as a site of the second airport for Sydney . The aerodrome is now utilised as precision ground - reflection antenna range operated by the University of Sydney , known as the Fleurs Radio Observatory .
Camp Curtin ( Harrisburg ) Camp Curtin is a neighborhood in on Harrisburg , Pennsylvania ' s northern end bordering Uptown Harrisburg . Its zip code is 17110 . History . During the American Civil War , over 300 , 000 soldiers passed through Camp Curtin , making it the largest Federal camp during the Civil War . The camp officially opened on April 18 , 1861 , and was named in honor of the Governor Andrew Curtin . Harrisburg ' s location on major railroad lines running east and west , and north and south made it the ideal location for moving men and supplies to the armies in the field . In addition to Pennsylvania regiments , troops from Maryland , Michigan , Minnesota , New Jersey , New York , Ohio , Wisconsin , and the Regular Army used Camp Curtin . The camp and surrounding area also saw service as a supply depot , hospital and prisoner - of - war camp . At the end of the war , Camp Curtin was used as a mustering - out point for thousands of troops on their way home . It was officially closed on November 11 , 1865 .
HMS K12 HMS " K12 " was a K class submarine built by Armstrong Whitworth , Newcastle upon Tyne . She was laid down in October 1915 and commissioned in August 1917 . " K12 " took part in the Battle of May Island , surviving the disastrous exercise . Then in 1924 , " K12 " collided with . " K2 " smashed a hole in the forward casing of " K12 " while " K2 " buckled her bows for about six feet . " K12 " was scrapped in 1926 in Charlestown .
SS Holdernith Holdernith was a coaster that was built in 1944 as Empire Dorrit by Scott and Son Ltd , Bowling , West Dunbartonshire , Scotland , UK , for the Ministry of War Transport ( MoWT ) . She was transferred to the French Government in 1945 and renamed Lieutenant Lancelot , serving until 1954 when she was sold to a British company and renamed " Holdernith " . She served until 1963 , when she was scrapped . Description . The ship was built in 1944 by Scott and Son Ltd , Bowling , West Dunbartonshire . She was yard number 372 . The ship was long , with a beam of . As built , she was assessed at 965 GRT , 263 NRT . The ship was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine . The engine was built by Atchison , Blair & Co Ltd , Clydebank , West Dunbartonshire . It drove a single screw propellern and could propel the ship at . History . " Empire Dorrit " was launched on 4 October 1944 and completed in December . The United Kingdom Official Number 164922 and Code Letters MMRY were allocated . Her port of registry was Glasgow . She was placed under the management of William Robertson Ltd . Little is recorded of her wartime service , although she was a member of Convoy BTC 8 , which departed from Milford Haven , Pembrokeshire on 15 December 1944 and arrived at Southend , Essex three days later . She was also a member of Convoy TBC 58 , which departed from Southend on 3 February 1945 and arrived at Milford Haven three days later . In 1945 , " Empire Dorrit " was transferred to the French Government and was renamed " Lieutenant Lancelot " , after a National Front leade who had been arrested by the Gestapo in 1944 and later died in a German Prisoner of War camp . She was placed under the management of Société Navale Caennaise SA , Caen . In 1954 , " Lieutenant Lancelot " was sold to the Holderness Steamship Co Ltd and renamed " Holdernith " . She was assessed as 643 GRT , 263 NRT . She was operated under the management of T Kittlewell & Son Ltd , Hull , Yorkshire . On 17 January 1957 , " Holdernith " ran aground on the Whitton Sand in the Humber Estuary and sank . She was refloated on 19 January and towed into Hull . On 13 April 1959 , " Holdernith " ran aground off Burnham on Sea , Somerset whilst on a voyage from Combwich , Somerset to Glasgow . She was refloated undamaged a week later . " Holdernith " served until 1963 . She was sold to T W Ward Ltd , Grays , Essex for breaking , arriving on 30 March .
Narimantas Narimantas or Narymunt ( baptized " Gleb " , born just before 1300 ( according to Wasilewski 1992 ) – February 2 , 1348 ) was the second eldest son of Gediminas , Grand Duke of Lithuania . During various periods of his life , he ruled Pinsk and Polatsk . In 1333 he was invited by Novgorod ' s nobles to rule and protect territories in the north , Ladoga , Oreshek and Korela . He started the tradition of Lithuanian mercenary service north of Novgorod on the Swedish border that lasted until Novgorod ' s fall to Moscow in 1477 . About 1338 , the Golden Horde took him as prisoner . The Muscovite ruler , Ivan Kalita , ransomed him from Tatars , keeping him as hostage in Moscow for a few years . Narimantas supported his brother Jaunutis when he was deposed by Algirdas and Kęstutis in 1345 . In order to avoid getting killed by his younger brothers , he escaped Vilnius in autumn 1344 . Narimantas travelled to Jani Beg , Khan of the Golden Horde , asking for support against Algirdas . Though he failed to solicit support , he is rumoured to have married a Tatar princess . ( possibly as second wife . ) After returning , Narimantas reconciled with Algirdas and was killed leading the Battle of Strėva against the Teutonic Knights on February 2 , 1348 . His descendants include Princes Kurakin , Galitzine , Khovansky , Korecki . He took baptism in 1333 in or before Veliki Novgorod . This made him ineligible to succeed his father as ruler of Lithuanians , despite his primogeniture right . Sons . It is believed that Narimantas had five sons : The Polish genealogist and historian Józef Puzyna ( see Dr . Jozef ks . Puzyna , article series on Narimantas , in : Miesiecznik Heraldyczny , 1930 – 31 ) refutes strongly the claim that Narimantas ' progeny would gave been born of a Tatar wife . He advances a hypothesis that the names of Narimantas ' sons indicate that their mother was an Orthodox Ruthenian lady .
Hans - Günther von Rost Hans - Günther von Rost ( 15 November 1894 – 23 March 1945 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Hans - Günther von Rost was killed on 23 March 1945 near Székesfehérvár , Hungary .
Roy McConnell ( aviator ) Squadron Leader Roy Kirkwood McConnell was a World War I flying ace from Canada credited with seven aerial victories . His award of the Distinguished Flying Cross noted both aerial victories , as well as gallantry in hazardous ground attack missions . He returned to his native Canada in 1919 , and made his living in the business world until 1940 . He then returned to military service , joining the Royal Canadian Air Force in a junior rank and rapidly rising to become a squadron leader . After holding crucial posts in training aviators for the war effort , he was medically discharged in April 1945 . Early life . Roy Kirkwood McConnell was born 19 December 1898 in Victoria , British Columbia , Canada . He graduated from Victoria High School , British Columbia in 1916 . He was a student when he enlisted into military service on 1 May 1917 in Victoria . He named his next of kin as Thomas McConnell . After joining the military , the younger McConnell stayed in Canada until August 1917 . World War I . After shipping to the British Isles , McConnell underwent aviation training that began on 14 September 1917 at Turnhill , England . After completion of training , he was assigned to No . 46 Squadron of the Royal Flying Corps on 11 November 1917 . He would not score his first aerial victory until 23 March 1918 . By 8 September 1918 , he had run his string to seven wins . On 16 September 1918 , he was withdrawn from combat and posted to the Home Establishment in England . He was awarded a Distinguished Flying Cross on 28 September 1918 . List of aerial victories . See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Post World War I . McConnell ' s Distinguished Flying Cross was gazetted on 3 December 1918 , with the award citation appearing in the " Edinburgh Gazette " on the 5th : He returned to Canada on 27 February 1919 . He was a businessman engaged in sales between the World Wars . However , he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force as a pilot officer in May 1940 to serve in World War II . He was promoted rapidly , rising to Squadron Leader in 1941 . He was posted to five different training schools in Canada , holding responsible posts in each . He was medically discharged in April 1945 . Nothing more is known of him after that time .
XII Corps ( Ottoman Empire ) The XII Corps of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish : " 12 nci Kolordu " " or " " On İkinci Kolordu " ) was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army . It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms . Formation . Order of battle , 1911 . With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army , to include the creation of corps level headquarters , by 1911 the XI Corps was headquartered in Musul . The Corps before the First Balkan War in 1911 was structured as such : World War I . Order of battle , August 1914 . In August 1914 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , November 1914 . In November 1914 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , late April 1915 . In late April 1915 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , late summer 1915 , January 1916 . In late summer 1915 , January 1916 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , August 1916 , December 1916 . In August 1916 , December 1916 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , August 1917 . In August 1917 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , January 1918 . In January 1918 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , June 1918 . In June 1918 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , September 1918 . In September 1918 , the corps was structured as follows : After Mudros . Order of battle , November 1918 . In November 1918 , the corps was structured as follows : Order of battle , January 1919 . In January 1919 , the corps was structured as follows :
Horst Julius Freiherr Treusch von Buttlar - Brandenfels Horst Julius Freiherr [ Baron ] Treusch von Buttlar - Brandenfels ( 14 August 1888 – 3 April 1962 ) was a German general . He was the commander of Frankfurt Airport at the end of World War II . Medals . Buttlar - Brandenfels was awarded the " Pour le Mérite " on 9 April 1918 for his service as the commander of Zeppelin L - 54 . Other distinctions awarded to him were :
Gaius Terentius Varro Gaius Terentius Varro ( fl . 3rd century BC ) was a Roman consul and commander . Along with his colleague , Lucius Aemilius Paullus , he commanded at the Battle of Cannae during the Second Punic War , in 216 BC , against the Carthaginian general Hannibal . The battle resulted in a decisive Roman defeat . Varro had been a praetor in 218 BC . He was proconsul in Picenum from 215 – 213 BC , and in 208 – 207 BC , as propraetor he held Etruria against Hannibal ' s younger brother Hasdrubal Barca . He went to Africa , in 200 BC as ambassador .
Hugh Johnstone Colonel Hugh Anthony Johnstone OBE was administrative head of SIGINT ( Signals Intelligence ) in the British Army during the 1970s . He became known when he was identified ( by the radical magazines Peace News and The Leveller ) as the much - publicised anonymous witness " Colonel B " in the ABC Trial in 1978 . Johnstone was commissioned into the Royal Corps of Signals from Sandhurst in 1952 . He was promoted Lieutenant in 1954 , Captain in 1958 , Major in 1965 , Lieutenant - Colonel in 1970 , and Colonel in 1975 . He retired in 1979 .
Clem Lewis Clem Lewis ( 22 June 1890 – 27 October 1944 ) was a Welsh international fly - half who played club rugby for Cardiff . Lewis was capped for Wales eleven times either side of World War I , and captained his country on two occasions . Born in Bridgend , Lewis moved to first class team , Cardiff , in 1909 from local club Bridgend . Lewis won two rugby ' blues ' for Cambridge and played for invitational team the Barbarians . International career . Lewis was first capped for Wales against England in the 1912 Five Nations Championship . The previous season , Wales had won the tournament , but Lewis was one of six new caps in the team who fell at the first hurdle , losing 8 - 0 . Although Lewis did not play in the remainder of the tournament he was back the next year scoring a try and a conversion in his second game against Scotland . After serving in World War I , Lewis rejoined Cardiff and was recalled to the Welsh squad in 1921 , and in 1923 captained the national team twice . International matches played . Wales
Basmo Fortress Basmo fortress is located in the north - western part of Marker municipality in Østfold near the Swedish border on an isolated mountain outcropping between Rødenessjøen and Hemnessjøen . It was constructed in the 1680s and was abandoned after 62 years of service in 1745 . The first mention of this Norwegian fortress is in a letter from Field Marshal Wedel Jarlsberg to the King in 1683 . Major General Johan Caspar von Cicignon developed the plans . During the Great Northern War it was manned by up to 1 , 350 men . On the night of March 9 , 1716 , the pyres on the mountaintops announced Swedish King Charles XII and 1 , 000 men had crossed the border . Moving rapidly , he found the border poorly guarded and moved with cavalry to Høland parsonage . Norwegian troops stationed in the district were assembled by the Basmo commander , Colonel Kruse , who attacked the Swedes in a bloody battle . Charles XII barely escaped capture , but the tide was soon turned against the outnumbered Norwegians , and Kruse , badly wounded , was captured . The Swedes went on to occupy Christiania without resistance on March 21 , 1716 , but were ultimately repulsed . Basmo was also in the path of invading Swedish troops during Charles XII ’ s second unsuccessful invasion in 1718 .
Aisne - Marne American Cemetery and Memorial The Aisne - Marne American Cemetery and Memorial is a World War I cemetery in Belleau , Northern France . It is at the foot of the hill where the Battle of Belleau Wood was fought , with many American fatalities . The cemetery also contains burials from the Battle of Château - Thierry , later that summer . The site is maintained by the American Battle Monuments Commission , and its dedication ceremony was held on Memorial Day , May 30 , 1937 . Among those buried there are Medal of Honor recipient Weedon Osborne . The Chateau - Thierry American Monument and the Belleau Wood " US Marines monument " are nearby . Cemetery . The cemetery itself is laid out in the form of the capital letter T , with the Memorial Chapel crowning the T - shape on a small hill to south , the cross - bars making up the two burial plots and the pathway leading into the cemetery making up the stem of the letter - shape . Each of the two burial plots ( Plot A and Plot B ) contain 13 rows of headstones , which consist of either Stars of David or Latin crosses . There are 2 , 288 burials in the cemetery , 251 of which contain unknown remains . Memorial Chapel . The Memorial Chapel is built over the site of front - line battle trenches dug in defense of Belleau Wood . When entering the Memorial Chapel , one can see on the wall to the right a small hole that was made by a passing German anti - tank gun . Looking above the inside entrance door , one will see the following inscription : The names of 1 , 060 soldiers missing in action are inscribed on the Chapel ' s walls .
USS Charles P . Kuper ( SP - 1235 ) USS " Charles P . Kuper " ( SP - 1235 ) was a United States Navy tug in service from 1917 to 1919 . " Charles P . Kuper " was built as the commercial tug " C . Offerman " in 1892 by Browne at Tottenville on Staten Island , New York . On 29 November 1906 , she was sold to the Simmons Lighterage Company of New York City , which renamed her " Charles P . Kuper " . In August 1917 , the U . S . Navy chartered " Charles P . Kuper " from her owner , the Simmons Transportation Company of New York City for use during World War I . She entered service as USS " Charles P . Kuper " ( SP - 1235 ) in 1917 . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District and based at New York City , " Charles P . Kuper " served in New York Harbor under the control of the Supply Department for the rest of World War I and into 1919 . The Navy returned " Charles P . Kuper " to Simmons Transportation on 21 July 1919 .
Battle of Dimbos The Battle of Dinboz or Dimbos was a battle between the Ottoman emirate ( later Ottoman Empire ) and the Byzantine Empire in 1303 . Background . After the battle of Bapheus in 1302 , Turkish gazis from all parts of Anatolia began raiding Byzantine territories . Byzantine emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos tried to form alliance with the Ilkhanid Mongols against the Ottoman threat . Failing to secure frontiers by the alliance he decided to attack the Ottomans with his own army . The battle . The battle is known only through later traditions which include semi - legendary elements , and hence probably reflects more folk tradition than actual historical events . According to Theodore Spandounes , " Dimbos " ( in Greek ) or " Dinboz " ( deriving from " din bozmak " , " change of faith " ) was the first Byzantine town to fall to the Ottomans . The 15th - century chronicler Aşıkpaşazade drew on accounts of another battle near Koyunhisar ( Bapheus ) from other chronicles and moved them to the vicinity Dimbos to form his account of the " Battle of Dinboz " . The Anatolian army of the Byzantine Empire was composed of the forces of local garrisons like Adranos ( modern Orhaneli ) , Bidnos , Kestel ( modern village Erdoğan ) and Kete ( modern village of Ürünlü ) . In the spring of 1303 , the Byzantine army advanced to Yenişehir an important Ottoman city , north east of Bursa . Osman I defeated them near the pass of Dimbos on the way to Yenişehir . During the battle both sides suffered heavy casualties . On the Ottoman side , Osman ' s nephew Aydoğdu and on Byzantine side the governors of Kestel and Dimbos were among the losses . Aftermath . The governor of Kete tried to escape to nearby Lopardion ( modern Ulubat ) fort . But Osman arrested and later executed him in front of Kete fort and the fort surrendered .
Bowlus CG - 7 The Bowlus CG - 7 was a prototype Second World War American transport glider to be built for United States Army , one was built but the type did not enter production and the programme was cancelled . Design and development . The Army awarded a contract to Bowlus Sailplanes for an eight - seat and 15 - seat transport glider , the smaller glider was designated the XCG - 7 and the larger the XCG - 8 . The XCG - 7 was delivered to Wright Field for testing in February 1942 where it failed structural testing , the glider was repaired but failed again . The glider was not ordered into production and the wood and fabric glider was used to test ways of protecting aircraft against lightning at the High Voltage Labaoratory of the National Bureau of Standards .
FitzHarris Castle FitzHarris Castle was a medieval castle located near Abingdon , Oxfordshire , England . History . FitzHarris Castle was built near Abingdon between 1071 - 84 in the aftermath of the Norman invasion of England by a probable Norman knight called Owen . The castle formed a motte , 78 ft by 68 ft across , protected by a stream that flowed around the motte to produce a moat . In due course the castle was supplemented by the nearby manor house called FitzHarry ' s , but a keep remained on the motte as late as 1247 , probably for defensive purposes . The castle is now owned by the local authority but has is considered by English Heritage to be at risk from erosion due to visitor numbers . The site is a scheduled monument .