naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Junkers Ju 268 The Junkers Ju 268 was the un - manned bomber component of the Mistel V parasite bomber project designed in Germany during 1944 . Development . The Mistel V was a composite bomber comprising a Heinkel He162A - 2 piloted component and a specially developed Arado E377 glider bomb . Due to shortages at the Arado design offices , several other composites were studied as replacements for the Arado E377 , and in late 1944 Junkers proposed the Ju268 as an alternate bomber component for the Mistel V , with a Messerschmitt Me262 studied as an alternative pilotted compinent . The Ju268 was simply designed with wooden structure and a nose equipped with a so called " Voreilzunder " , which already was used on some Ju88 aircraft a re - usable jettisonable undercarriage dolly , and BMW 003 or Jumo 004 turbojet engines with BMW 028 booster rocket engines . A bomb payload of 10 tons could be loaded and a speed of 800 km / h was projected , for Kamikaze missions a manned version of the Ju268 was under study with a glazed cockpit section in the front of the aircraft . The Ju268 was not built .
1959 Okinawa F - 100 crash The 1959 Okinawa F - 100 crash occurred on June 30 , 1959 in the Uruma area of then United States ( U . S . ) - occupied Okinawa . In the crash , a United States Air Force North American F - 100 Super Sabre on a training or test flight from nearby Kadena Air Base suffered an engine fire . The aircraft crashed into Miyamori Elementary School and surrounding houses , killing 11 students and six other people in the neighborhood and injuring 210 others , including 156 students at the school . The pilot , Captain John G . Schmitt , Jr . from Chalmers , Indiana , 34 years old , ejected and was unhurt . The tragedy contributed to ill - feelings from the Okinawan community towards the U . S . occupation authorities and calls for the island to be returned to the control of the Government of Japan . A memorial statue for the victims of the disaster was erected at the crash site in 1965 . On June 30 , 2009 , 800 people , including former students of Miyamori Elementary and relatives of the victims attended a 50th - anniversary memorial service at the crash site . Okinawa Governor Hirokazu Nakaima spoke at the ceremony , saying , " The Okinawa people of the time were deeply saddened by the accident in which the lives of children having dreams and hopes for the future were lost . " The crash and its aftermath were dramatized in the movie " Himawari " , directed by Yoshihiro Oikawa ( b . 1958 ) , completed in 2012 .
Edward Hale Campbell Edward Hale Campbell was a Vice Admiral in the United States Navy . Biography . Campbell was born in South Bend , Indiana in 1872 . He would marry Lilian Strong . Campbell died in 1946 and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery with Lilian and their daughter , Georgiana . Career . Campbell graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1893 and would later be assigned to the USS Baltimore ( C - 3 ) . During the Spanish - American War he would serve off the coast of Central America . Following the war he would serve aboard the USS Iowa ( BB - 4 ) and the USS Indiana ( BB - 1 ) before being assigned to assist in the fitting - out of the USS Milwaukee ( C - 21 ) . In 1907 he was named Judge Advocate General of the Navy . He served in this position until 1909 , when he left to assist in the fitting - out of the USS North Dakota ( BB - 29 ) . During World War I Campbell commanded the USS Charleston ( C - 22 ) . Following this assignment he would take command of the Naval Training Station , Newport . Later he would return to his former position of Judge Advocate General . In 1929 he would take command of the Special Service Squadron . From 1934 to 1935 he served as commander of the Scouting Force . Later he took command of the 12th Naval District . Awards he received include the Navy Cross .
43rd Erinpura Regiment The 43rd Erinpura Regiment was a regiment of the British Indian Army . They were raised in 1860 , as the Erinpoorah Irregular Force by a Lt - Col J F W Hall and at that time consisted of both cavalry and infantry units . After the Kitchener reforms of the Indian Army in 1903 , they became an infantry only regiment . During World War I they served in the 15th Indian Division during the Mesopotamia Campaign . A second battalion was raised in 1917 . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army again moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiment and also disbanding nine regiments . The 43rd Erinpura Regiment was one of the nine regiments disbanded in October 1921 .
746th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron The 746th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 31st Air Division , Aerospace Defense Command , stationed at Oklahoma City Air Force Station , Oklahoma . It was inactivated on 8 September 1968 . The unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of the United States . Lineage Assignments Stations
1930s in Angola In the 1930s in Angola the Portuguese colonial government of António de Oliveira Salazar cut spending on colonization , leading to less emigration to Angola and a decline in the population of Portuguese Angolans . The Portuguese government passed the Colonial Act in May 1930 , centralizing the empire ' s administration and limiting the power of governor - generals . The settler population in Angola grew from 30 , 000 in May 1930 to 59 , 000 in 1931 , but declined to 44 , 000 by 1940 . By 1961 however , when the war for independence began , the population had risen to 170 , 000 . In 1930 , Portugal ' s ambassador to Denmark wrote to his superiors , informing them that Angolan separatists had participated in the Sixth Comintern Congress in Moscow , Soviet Union from July – August 1928 . " L ' Ami du peuple " , a French newspaper , reported that a " Negro from the Portuguese colony of Angola . . . announced with a cannibalistic smile that when the hour of their liberation sounded , the black proletariat would know how to exact an unforgettable vengeance [ on ] the white colonists . " Economy . In the 1930s , the Salazar government instituted tariffs on Angola to limit investment from Portugal ' s colonial competitors while investing in Angola ' s infrastructure to increase exports to Portugal . Angolans completed the construction of the Benguela railway in 1929 and opened it to transportation in 1931 . The railway facilitated the exportation of minerals mined in Belgian - ruled Katanga through Angola ' s western ports . The South African Oppenheimer Trust produced and exported Angolan diamonds , making the diamond industry a vital part of Angola ' s economy for the first time in the 1930s . Angolans exported 11 , 839 tons of coffee in 1930 , exceeding the previous annual export record of 11 , 066 tons in 1895 . Salazar selected one factory in Angola to produce industrial alcohol in 1932 . The factory , competing only with a selected factory in colonial Mozambique , derived its alcohol from molasses and diluted the product with petroleum to maximize its utility . Unfortunately , drought and locusts in 1934 compounded the effects of the Great Depression . Natives , unable to pay the colonists ' tax of USD $ 3 . 80 , faced forced conscription and enslavement . Many farmers , indebted to settlers , auctioned their daughters for sexual slavery . British Consul General Smallbones explicitly labeled and condemned Portugal ' s conscription policy as slavery in 1930 . Portugal ' s Governor - General for Angola and the Minister of Colonies denied the charge and Salazar maintained the policy .
Château de Chillon The Château de Chillon ( Chillon Castle ) is an island castle located on the shore of Lake Geneva in the commune of Veytaux , at the eastern end of the lake , 3 km from Montreux , Switzerland . The castle consists of 100 independent buildings that were gradually connected to become the building as it stands now . History . The oldest parts of the castle have not been definitively dated , but the first written record of the castle is in 1160 or 1005 . From the mid 12th century , the castle was home to the Counts of Savoy , and it was greatly expanded in the 13th century by Pietro II . The Castle was never taken in a siege , but did change hands through treaties . It was made popular by Lord Byron , who wrote the poem " The Prisoner Of Chillon " ( 1816 ) about François de Bonivard , a Genevois monk and politician who was imprisoned there from 1530 to 1536 ; Byron also carved his name on a pillar of the dungeon . The castle is one of the settings in Henry James ' s novella " Daisy Miller " ( 1878 ) . The history of Chillon was influenced by three major periods : the Savoy Period , the Bernese Period , and the Vaudois Period . Today . Chillon is currently open to the public for visits and tours . According to the castle website , Chillon is listed as " Switzerland ' s most visited historic monument " . There is a fee for entrance and there are both parking spaces and a bus stop nearby for travel . Inside the castle there are several recreations of the interiors of some of the main rooms including the grand bedroom , hall and cave stores . Inside the castle itself there are four great halls , three courtyards , and a series of bedrooms open to the public . One of the oldest is the " Camera domini " , which was a room occupied by the Duke of Savoy - it is decorated with 14th Century medieval murals .
Escadrille 73 History . Escadrille 73 of the French Air Force originated at Corcieux as Detachment N49 . It was initially assigned to the " VII Armee " front . On 1 April 1916 , it was renamed Detachment Nieuport de Corcieux . On 18 April 1916 , it was redesignated once again , this time as Detachment N73 . It became " Escadrille N73 " on 4 July 1916 . On 1 November 1916 , it was one of the units gathered into " Groupe de Combat 12 " , along with " Escadrille N3 " , " Escadrille N26 " , and " Escadrille N103 " . The unit became " Escadrille Spa73 " when it re - equipped with Spad VII s in January 1917 . The " escadrille " left " GC 12 " on 18 January 1918 , being replaced by " Escadrille SPA . 67 " . On 4 October 1918 , " Escadrille Spa73 " was cited in orders as having downed 30 enemy aircraft and an observation balloon .
Martin Gauger Martin Gauger ( August 4 , 1905 – July 14 , 1941 ) was a German jurist and pacifist from Wuppertal , Rhenish Prussia . He was a member of the Kreisau Circle which sought to overthrow the National Socialist regime in Germany during the Second World War . In 1934 , as a lawyer in the office of the public prosecutor in München - Gladbach , Gauger refused to take the required oath of allegiance to Hitler and resigned from the civil service . In a subsequent post as legal advisor to the " Bekenntniskirche " ( confessing church ) he devoted himself to the resistance movement . In May 1940 he fled to the Netherlands by swimming across the Rhine River . Unfortunately he arrived just as the German Wehrmacht invaded the neutral country . Captured , he was taken to Buchenwald concentration camp , and then to Sonnenstein Euthanasia Centre , where he died . References . Louis L . Snyder ( 1998 ) , Encyclopedia of the Third Reich , ( ISBN 1 - 85326 - 684 - 1 )
SM UC - 79 SM " UC - 79 " was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . History . " UC - 79 " was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 19 December 1916 . She was commissioned into the Kaiserliche Marine on 22 January 1917 as SM " UC - 79 " . In 11 patrols " UC - 79 " was credited with sinking 10 ships , either by torpedo or by mines laid . On 28 April 1917 , she captured the Danish coaster in the Skagerrak . " UC - 79 " was sunk by a mine off Cap Gris Nez , France in late March or early April 1918 . Royal Navy divers located the wreck in that area in August 1918 .
Daniel Vorländer Daniel Vorländer ( 11 June 1867 – 8 June 1941 ) was a German chemist who synthesized most of the liquid crystals known until his retirement in 1935 . Vorländer was born in Eupen in Rhenish Prussia . He studied chemistry at Kiel , Munich , and Berlin , after which he became a professor at University of Halle - Wittenberg . Vorländer applied his knowledge of molecular structure to select those exhibiting the " crystaline liquid " state . In particular a linear molecular geometry was conducive . " Over the years Vorländer and his students synthesized hundreds of liquid crystaline compounds . An interesting discovery was that amongst the slimy liquid crystals were many soap and soap - like compounds . " ( Dunmur & Sluckin p 48 ) Vorländer served as a volunteer during World War I , during which he received the Iron Cross . He died in Halle .
Navy Occupational Safety & Health Navy Occupational Safety & Health is s U . S . Navy organization . Its acronym is NAVOSH , and it is responsible for safety practices within the Navy . Mission . NAVOSH provides safety assistance and advice to the CNO , CMC , and the Deputy Assistant SECNAV for Safety in order to enhance the warfighting capability of the Navy and Marine Corps , preserve resources and improve combat readiness by preventing mishaps and saving lives . NAVOSH Vision . A mishap - Free Navy and Marine Corps Team . NAVOSH Functions . The NAVOSH Naval Safety Center supports the Naval Safety Program through : Guiding principles . To accomplish its mission , it relies on naval leadership , teamwork , continuous improvement , customer focus , and personal integrity . Its initiatives is shaped by :
Rodger W . Simpson Rodger Whitton Simpson ( 1898 – 1964 ) was a rear admiral of the United States Navy , who distinguished himself during World War II . The frigate was named in his honor . Biography . Simpson attended the University of Oregon for a year before entering the United States Naval Academy in June 1917 . Midshipman Simpson served on the battleship which was based on the Atlantic Ocean and part of Atlantic Fleet during World War I . Simpson was commissioned an Ensign during June 1920 , graduating in the class of 1921 . He commanded the destroyer as a Lieutenant Commander during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands on October 26 , 1942 . Promoted to Commander , he commanded Destroyer Division ( DesDiv ) 15 , made up of the , and , which along with three ships of DesDiv 12 under Commander Frederick Moosbrugger , sank three Japanese destroyers and damaged one in the Battle of Vella Gulf , 6 - August 7 , 1943 . Simpson also served tours as Commander , Training Command , Marianas ; Commander Fleet Training Group , Western Pacific ; Commander , Underway Training Unit , Guam ; Commanding Officer , ; and Commanding Officer , Naval Station Treasure Island . On April 6 , 1944 , Commodore Simpson commanded Task Flotilla 6 . He orchestrated and planned the rescue of over 7 , 500 Allied prisoners of war and civilians interned in Japanese concentration camps . In 1945 the Navy ' s Task Group 30 . 6 commanded by Commodore Simpson arrived in Tokyo Bay to undertake the emergency evacuation of Allied POWs in waterfront areas . Accompanying Simpson was Commander Harold E . Stassen , USNR , Flag Secretary to Commander , Third Fleet , and Admiral William F . Halsey . For this rescue , he was honored with the Legion of Merit . The citation in part reads : " . . . by freeing the prisoners before the actual signing of the surrender , he saved the lives of hundreds of sick and starving U . S . service people . . . " Simpson retired in 1951 . Awards and decorations . Among Rear Admiral Simpson ' s decorations and medals were the following :
Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha ( died 1499 ) Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha ( 1429 – 1499 ) , also known as Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger ( to differentiate him from his grandfather and grand vizier Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder ) , was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier from 1498 to 1499 . He was the scion of the Çandarlı family , which provided a series of grand viziers during the first centuries of the Ottoman Empire . His father , Çandarlı Halil Pasha , had also served as Grand Vizier from 1443 until his execution in 1453 . Ibrahim was appointed " qadi " ( judge ) of Adrianople and survived his father ' s disgrace , and was named " qadi ' asker " ( judge of the army ) , a very prestigious post , in 1465 , before assuming the duties of tutor ( " lala " ) to the future Sultan Bayezid II . He was appointed Grand Vizier in 1498 , and served until his death in 1499 , when he died in the military camp during the Battle of Zonchio . He was buried at Iznik .
Benjamin Pierce ( governor ) Benjamin Pierce ( December 25 , 1757 – April 1 , 1839 ) was an American Democratic - Republican politician . He served as Governor of New Hampshire from 1827 to 1828 and from 1829 to 1830 . Biography . He was born in Chelmsford , Massachusetts , the son of Benjamin and Elizabeth ( Merrill ) Pierce , as well as a direct descendant of Thomas Pierce ( 1618 – 1683 ) , the grandson of Sir Richard Carew , who was born in Norwich , Norfolk , England and settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony . Benjamin Pierce was a distinguished veteran of the Revolutionary War , serving in the 16th Continental Regiment , which was later renamed the 8th Massachusetts Regiment . He was promoted to Ensign in the 1st Massachusetts Regiment for bravery at Saratoga . He was an original member of the Society of the Cincinnati . Following the war , he moved to Hillsborough , New Hampshire , where he built the Franklin Pierce Homestead , and was assigned the task of forming the Hillsborough County militia . In 1805 , he was promoted to Brigadier General and assigned command of the New Hampshire state militia . Prior to becoming governor , he served in the New Hampshire state legislature from 1789 to 1802 and twice as Sheriff of Hillsborough County , from 1809 to 1812 and later from 1818 to 1827 . He was a delegate to the state Constitutional Convention in September 1791 and a member of the Governor ' s Council from 1803 to 1809 and again in 1814 Family life . Benjamin Pierce ' s father died when he was six . He subsequently worked on his uncle ' s farm until enlisting in Ebenezer Bridge ’ s Massachusetts regiment on April 26 , 1775 . On May 24 , 1787 , he married Elizabeth Andrews . Their daughter Elizabeth Pierce was born August 9 , 1788 but Elizabeth died of complications on August 13 . He married Anna Kendrick ( born October 30 , 1769 ) on February 1 , 1790 at Amherst , New Hampshire . Together they had eight children : They remained married until her death on December 7 , 1838 . He died a year later in Hillsborough , and is buried in the town ' s Pine Hill Cemetery . Benjamin Pierce was an original member of the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati with membership inherited through primogeniture . His eldest son , Benjamin Kendrick Pierce , succeeded him as a member in the society in 1841 . He was then succeeded by his younger brother , future president Franklin Pierce in 1852 , and was later succeeded by Benjamin ' s youngest son , Henry Dearborn Pierce in 1873 .
Rolf Hermichen Rolf Hermichen ( born 25 July 1918 ) is a German former Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was born in Wernigerode in the district of Harz . Hermichen is credited with 64 aerial victories claimed in 629 combat missions , 11 of them while flying the Messerschmitt Bf 110 . He shot down 53 enemy aircraft in Defense of the Reich , including 26 four engine strategic bombers .
William A . Glassford Vice Admiral William Alexander Glassford ( 6 June 1886 – 30 July 1958 ) was a United States Navy officer who served during World War II . Glassford commanded naval forces of the United States Asiatic Fleet during the first month of World War II , and then relocated to Java in the Netherlands East Indies to combine his forces with the American - British - Dutch - Australian Command ( " ABDA " ) . His most notable battle was the Naval Battle of Balikpapan , in which he led a U . S . task force in an attack against Japanese forces that had occupied the port of Balikpapan on Borneo . When Glassfords flagship s , the light cruiser s and , were disabled , he ordered his supporting destroyer s to continue with the mission under Commander Paul H . Talbot . The attack came too late to prevent the capture of Balikpapan , and had little effect on the Japanese campaign to capture the resources of the Netherlands East Indies . After the campaign , Glassford returned to the United States where he held a variety of positions in the 6th Naval District and the Eighth Fleet . Glassford died on 30 July 1958 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington , Virginia .
USS Verna & Esther ( SP - 1187 ) USS " Verna & Esther " ( SP - 1187 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Verna & Esther " was built as a private wooden - hulled , single - screw motorboat of the same name in 1912 at Kennebunk , Maine . On 6 August 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner , Ensign F . K . Williams of Provincetown , Massachusetts , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned on 10 September 1917 as USS " Verna & Esther " ( SP - 1187 ) . Assigned to the 1st Naval District in northern New England , " Verna & Esther " served as a target range boat through the end of World War I . The Navy returned " Verna & Esther " to Williams on 30 November 1918 .
Museum of Military History , Vienna The Museum of Military History ( ) is a military history museum located in Vienna , Austria . It claims to be the oldest and largest purpose - built military history museum in the world . Its collection includes one of the world ' s largest collections of bronze cannon s and focuses on Austrian military history from the 16th century to 1945 . The museum is located in Vienna ' s Arsenal , in the Landstraße district , not far from the Belvedere palace . It was built between 1850 and 1856 at the behest of Emperor Franz Joseph I as the new city garrison , after the old one was destroyed in the 1848 revolution . The architect was Theophil Hansen . The museum , at the centre of the Arsenal , was part of the original design and was to serve as both a historical museum and a testament to the Empire ' s military victories and leaders . ( According to the museum ' s official website , it is the oldest museum in Vienna . ) It consists of five main elements : a main entrance hall containing the tomb - like Hall of Generals , and four large exhibition halls , in which the collections are housed . Its bronze cannon are arranged outside the museum , in the grounds of the Arsenal . Each of the four exhibit halls is devoted to a different period of Austrian history , beginning with the Thirty Years ' War and the Ottoman Turks , continuing through the Napoleonic Wars , World War I and World War II . There is also a small special exhibition hall where the theme is changed regularly . One of the most notable parts of the museum ' s collection is located in the First World War hall , and relates to the assassination of the Archduke Francis Ferdinand . On display are the car in which the Archduke and his wife were riding when they were assassinated , the uniform he was wearing , the pistol used by Gavrilo Princip to shoot him , and the chaise longue on which he was declared dead . Other notable exhibits include the huge medieval bombard , Pumhart von Steyr , the original shipbuilder ' s model of the battleship SMS " Viribus Unitis " , flagship of the Austro - Hungarian naval fleet during World War I , a French observation balloon , the oldest surviving European aircraft , " L ' Intrépide " , and the wreck of SM " U - 20 " , an Austro - Hungarian Navy submarine sunk in combat in 1918 . In front of its main entrance , the museum once displayed the MiG - 21 of Croatian pilot Rudolf Perešin who deserted JNA . The plane was returned to the Croatian armed forces after the wars in Yugoslavia .