naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
First Battle of Ream ' s Station The First Battle of Ream ' s Station was fought on June 29 , 1864 , during the Wilson - Kautz Raid of the American Civil War . Confederate forces under Maj . Gen . William Mahone and Brig . Gen . Fitzhugh Lee defeated Union cavalry raiding Confederate railroads south of Petersburg , Virginia . Background . In June 1864 , a Union division under the command of Brig . Gen . August V . Kautz moved into southern Virginia where they began destroying sections of the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad as part of the Richmond - Petersburg Campaign . On June 29 the division reached Ream ' s Station south of Petersburg on the Weldon Railroad , which was thought to be held by Union infantry . Instead , Kautz found the road barred by Mahone ' s Confederate infantry division . Wilson ' s division , fighting against elements of Maj . Gen . W . H . F . " Rooney " Lee ' s cavalry , joined Kautz ' s near Ream ' s Station , where they were virtually surrounded . Battle . Around noon , Mahone led Confederate infantry against the Union front while cavalry under Fitzhugh Lee attacked the Union left flank . The fierce assault split the Union forces . Wilson and Kautz were forced to withdraw quickly , burning their supply wagons and abandoning their artillery . Separated by the Confederate attacks , Wilson and his men cut their way through and retreated southwest on the Stage Road to cross the Nottoway River , while Kautz headed south and east cross - country , reaching Federal lines at Petersburg about dark . Wilson continued east to the Blackwater River before turning north , eventually reaching Union lines at Light House Point on July 2 . The Wilson - Kautz raid tore up more than of track , temporarily disrupting rail traffic into Petersburg , but at a great cost in men and mounts .
Fairchild T - 46 The Fairchild T - 46 ( nicknamed the " Eaglet " ) was an American light jet trainer aircraft of the 1980s . It was cancelled in 1986 with only three aircraft being produced . Design and development . The United States Air Force ( USAF ) launched its Next Generation Trainer ( NGT ) program to replace the Cessna T - 37 Tweet primary trainer in 1981 . Fairchild - Republic submitted a shoulder - winged monoplane with a twin - tail , powered by two Garrett F109 turbofans and with pilot and instructor sitting side - by - side . In order to validate the proposed aircraft ' s design , and to explore its flight handling characteristics , Fairchild Republic contracted with Ames Industries of Bohemia , New York to build a flyable 62 % scale version . Burt Rutan ' s Rutan Aircraft Factory ( RAF ) in Mojave , California was contracted to perform the flight test evaluations , with test pilot Dick Rutan doing the flying . The scale version was known at RAF as the Model 73 NGT , this flying on 10 September 1981 . Fairchild ' s design , to be designated T - 46 , was announced winner of the NGT competition on July 2 , 1982 , with the USAF placing an order for two prototypes and options for 54 production aircraft . The aircraft first flew on October 15 , 1985 , but was cancelled a little more than a year later , for reasons that largely remain controversial . The T - 46 was the last project of the Fairchild Republic Corporation , and after the program termination Fairchild had no more income . Without any new contracts and the NGT program cancelled , the company closed the Republic factory in Farmingdale , New York , bringing 60 years of Fairchild aircraft manufacturing to an end . The aircraft itself featured a side by side configuration , a twin ( or " H " ) tail ( similar to the company ' s A - 10 ) , ejection seats , pressurization , and two turbofan engines . Had it gone into full production the NGT program called for 650 aircraft being built up to 1992 . There was potential for some overseas sales as well , such as in the light ground attack role in addition to its role as a trainer . Aircraft on display . All three prototypes have been preserved :
Robert Webster Cary Rear Admiral Robert Webster Cary , Jr . ( August 18 , 1890 – July 15 , 1967 ) is one of the most decorated officers in the history of the United States Navy and recipient of the Medal of Honor . Education . Robert Cary was born in Kansas City , Missouri . He entered the University of Missouri in the fall of 1908 but left after the first semester of the following year and entered the United States Naval Academy where he graduated in 1914 . Military career . Scarcely a year after graduating the Naval Academy he received the Medal of Honor for action in a boiler explosion on board . He was standing by the first of five boilers that blew up and saved the lives of three men by dragging them out of the boiler room . He also took charge of the situation in the adjacent boiler room , putting out the fires and thus preventing the explosion of these boilers . During World War I , Cary served on the destroyers based at Queenstown , Ireland . During World War I Cary was awarded the Navy Cross . During a hurricane , a depth charge on the fan - tail of broke loose , menacing the safety of the ship . Together , with three enlisted men , he went to the fan - tail , and they managed to secure this depth charge , including its safety pin , at a great risk of being washed overboard themselves . During the years between World War I and World War II , Cary served in many capacities and many stations . He served as the Director of Base Maintenance and in the Office of Chief of Naval Operations where he initiated the establishment of bases at home and abroad at the commencement of World War II . Cary also served with great distinction in World War II when he took part in various campaigns in the European Theater of Operations . On September 11 , 1943 Cary was involved in another dramatic naval action when the ship he was commanding , the USS Savannah , was struck by a German radio - controlled Fritz X glide - bomb . By the time Cary retired he had achieved the rank of Rear Admiral . Medal of Honor citation . Cary , Robert " Rank and organization : " Lieutenant Commander , United States Navy , U . S . S . San Diego " Place and date : " Aboard U . S . S . San Diego , 21 January 1915 " Entered service at : " Buncston , Missouri " Born : " Kansas City , Missouri " Citation : "
Haga Castle Haga Castle ( " Haga Slott " ) is a castle by Lake Mälaren outside of Enköping in Uppsala County , Sweden . The earliest recorded owner of the Haga property was the Swedish noble , . He built a stone building on the property . His son apparently moved from that site to where Haga ' s main building now stands . Up until the 1660s , Haga remained a medieval style castle , with irregularly built - on towers and wings . The present Haga Castle was built by Nicodemus Tessin the Elder on commission by Gustaf Persson , Natt och Dag . It was completed in 1670 . In 1894 it was sold to wholesalers L . L . Liberg . The castle was sold in 1912 to lieutenant Adolf Wersäll who began an extensive renovation . The Swedish Hotel and Restaurant Employees ' Union bought the estate in 1924 and made it the summer home for the members . From the early 1940s to 1962 , Haga functioned as a mental hospital . After extensive renovations , Haga opened as a hotel and conference center in 1990 .
Princess Pat ( song ) " Princess Pat " , a favorite campfire song in North America , began as a Military cadence of Princess Patricia ' s Canadian Light Infantry . The Real Princess Pat and her Colours . Princess Patricia , the Colonel - in - Chief , designed and made by hand the regimental colours of the Canadian Forces infantry regiment , named in her honour . They are a crimson flag with a circular purple centre . In the circle are gold initials V P which stand for Victoria Patricia . The regimental colours became known as the " " Ric - A - Dam - Doo " " , reportedly from the Gaelic for " cloth of your mother " . This colour was carried in every regimental action during World War I . The Ric - a - Dan - Doo . The original Ric - a - Dan - Doo is now in The Military Museums in Calgary .
Coats of arms of U . S . Infantry Regiments Coats of arms of U . S . infantry regiments are heraldic emblems associated with infantry regiments in the US Army . Under Army Regulation 840 - 10 , each regiment and separate table of organization and equipment ( TOE ) battalion of the U . S . Army is authorized a coat of arms to be displayed on the organization ' s flag , called the " colors . " This coat of arms usually forms the basis for the unit ' s distinctive unit insignia ( DUI ) , the emblem worn by all members of the unit on their service uniforms . The coats of arms for infantry units normally incorporate the color blue , which has been the traditional color of the infantry in the U . S . Army since 1851 . Below are galleries of the coats of arms of US Army infantry regiments . The official mottoes ( as awarded by The Institute of Heraldry of the U . S . Army ) and / or special designation s ( as awarded by the United States Army Center of Military History ) of the units are also noted . Active duty units that have served in war are authorized a crest . National Guard units are authorized the crest for their respective state , while Army Reserve units are all authorized a crest depicting a minuteman .
Terrier Armoured Digger The Terrier vehicle is an air - transportable armoured combat engineer vehicle for the Royal Engineers . It is being developed as a replacement vehicle for the FV180 Combat Engineer Tractor used by the British Army . The vehicle will weigh about 30 tonnes , light enough to be air transportable by C - 17 Globemaster III or Airbus A400M . A clam shell front bucket and side mounted excavator arm will allow the vehicle to perform earth moving and obstable removing tasks . It will have mine protection and can be operated by remote control from up to in dangerous environments such as mine clearance . In normal operations it will have a crew of two . It will have enhanced modular armour and will be faster at up to 70 km per hour and more mobile than the FV180 Combat Engineer Tractor , and will have 360 degree day and night vision systems . The contract to design and build the vehicle was won by BAE Systems Land and Armaments in the UK in July 2002 . Other companies have been subcontracted to provide expertise in specific areas . These companies , together with an indication of their involvement , include : - A prototype vehicle was officially unveiled on 28 May 2005 . BAE Systems has built four demonstrator vehicles currently undergoing trial . This will be followed by the commencement of full scale production of 60 vehicles in their factory at Newcastle upon Tyne . A re - baselined Terrier programme is on track with reliability growth trials contracted for early 2010 . Manufacture of the first TERRIER production hull began on 27 January 2010 at the company ’ s Newcastle plant . The vehicle is in service as of 5 June 2013 . It is also in service with the Royal Marines . A total of 60 vehicles have been ordered and the final deliveries of the remaining 40 vehicles are expected during the first half of 2014 . Crew Training . Training of the Terrier crews will be carried out in the Terrier Mission Crew Trainer ( MCT ) developed by BAE Systems Integrated System Technologies ( Insyte ) at their plant in Fife , Scotland . The trainer comprises a high fidelity simulated crew cab , with commander and driver positions , mounted on a motion platform , and surrounded by a 360 degree , rear projection , visual system . The MCT allows crews simulate driving , digging and other vehicle functions . Four MCTs are in development for the British Army .
USS Hull ( DD - 7 ) USS " Hull " ( DD - 7 ) was a in the United States Navy , the second ship named for Commodore Isaac Hull . " Hull " was launched by Harlan & Hollingsworth of Wilmington , Delaware , on 21 June 1902 ; sponsored by Miss Mabel Hull , a descendant of Commodore Hull ; and commissioned on 20 May 1903 , Lieutenant Samuel Robison in command . Pre - World War I . During her first two years of service , " Hull " engaged in patrol and training maneuvers off Newport and in Chesapeake Bay . After a cruise to the Caribbean January – April 1905 , she returned to League Island , Pennsylvania , where she decommissioned on 30 September . " Hull " recommissioned on 14 November 1906 at Philadelphia , and took part in winter exercises with fleet units in Cuban waters . After operations off Newport , the ship returned to Norfolk in October 1907 to prepare for the voyage of the " Great White Fleet " . " Hull " sailed as an escort vessel on 2 December and after stopping at many South American and Central American ports on the voyage around South America with the great battleship s , arrived San Diego on 28 April 1907 . " Hull " was detached on the west coast , and the Great White Fleet continued on its cruise , showing the flag around the world . The destroyer remained in the vicinity of San Francisco until departing on 24 August 1908 for a cruise to the $ 3 . She took part in various exercises in Hawaiian and Samoan waters before returning to San Diego in November . World War I . " Hull " spent the years before World War I on patrol and training exercises off the California coast . She decommissioned on 30 October 1912 and joined the Reserve Torpedo Division at Mare Island , with which she made occasional training cruises to California ports . When America entered the war in April 1917 , " Hull " was being refitted at Mare Island . She sailed with other destroyers for the Panama Canal Zone on 25 April and for the next three months was engaged in defensive patrol off the western approaches to that vital waterway . She sailed to Norfolk on 26 July for escort and patrol duty along the East Coast . In the months that followed , " Hull " escorted ships to Bermuda and engaged in training maneuvers with other ships of the fleet as well . In June 1918 , she broke up an attack by German submarine " U - 151 " on a merchant ship , and often rescued sailors from sinking ships . She continued this vital ocean patrol duty until the end of the war . " Hull " arrived at Philadelphia on 29 January 1919 , and decommissioned on 7 July . She was sold on 5 January 1921 to Joseph G . Hitner of Philadelphia .
DUX The DUX - 53 and DUX - 59 were submachine guns designed at the Oviedo Arsenal in Spain . They were based directly on the design of the Finnish 9mm Model 44 submachine gun , which in turn was based on the Soviet PPS - 43 . A large number of these weapons were produced for the West German Border Police , and was later licensed to be produced by Anschütz and Mauser until the mid - 1950s .
HSM - 74 Helicopter Maritime Strike Seven Four ( HSM - 74 ) , the " Swamp Foxes " , is a United States Navy helicopter squadron based at Naval Air Station Jacksonville , Jacksonville , Florida . HSM - 74 is attached to Carrier Air Wing Three and deploys aboard cruisers , destroyers , frigates , and aircraft carriers in support of a carrier strike group . Mission . The squadron employs the MH - 60R multi - mission helicopter . Primary missions include Anti - Submarine Warfare ( ASW ) , Anti - Surface Warfare ( SUW ) , Command , Control , Communications ( CCC ) , Command and Control Warfare ( C2W ) , Mobility ( MOB ) , and Non - Combat Operations ( NCO ) . Secondary missions consist of Search and Rescue ( SAR ) , Medical Evacuation ( MEDEVAC ) , Vertical Replenishment ( VERTREP ) , Naval Surface Fire Support ( NSFS ) , and Communications Relay ( COMREL ) . Transition from HSL - 44 . HSM - 74 was established on 9 June 2011 at Naval Air Station Jacksonville , when the squadron was re - designated HSM - 74 from their previous designation of Helicopter Anti - Submarine Squadron Light Four Four ( HSL - 44 ) . The change reflected their transition from employing the SH - 60B to the MH - 60R , as well as from a detachment - based , expeditionary squadron to its realignment in support of a carrier air wing . As part of this transition , then - HSL - 44 relocated to NAS Jacksonville from their previous home of Naval Station Mayport in November 2009 .
11th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment ( Reorganized ) The 11th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry ( Reorganized ) was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 11th Michigan Infantry ( Reorganized ) was organized at Jackson , Michigan and mustered into Federal service between January 4 and February 26 , 1865 . The regiment was mustered out on September 16 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 96 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 96 fatalities .
No . 26 Squadron RAAF No . 26 ( City of Newcastle ) Squadron RAAF is a Royal Australian Air Force reserve squadron , headquartered at RAAF Base Williamtown in New South Wales , Australia . The squadron ' s role is to provide trained personnel to regular RAAF units during operations . It was formed on 1 July 1981 and is responsible for air force reservists in the Hunter Region of New South Wales .
Muzzle velocity Muzzle velocity is the speed a projectile has at the moment it leaves the muzzle of the gun . Muzzle velocities range from approximately to in black powder muskets , to more than in modern rifles with high - performance cartridges such as the . 220 Swift and . 204 Ruger , all the way to for tank guns firing kinetic energy penetrator ammunition . The velocity of a projectile is highest at the muzzle and drops off steadily because of air resistance . In conventional guns , muzzle velocity is determined by the quality ( burn speed , expansion ) and quantity of the propellant , the mass of the projectile , and the length of the barrel . A slower burning propellant needs a longer barrel to burn completely , but can on the other hand use a heavier projectile . A faster burning propellant may accelerate a lighter projectile to higher speeds if the same amount of propellant is used . In a gun , the pressure resulting from the combustion process is a limiting factor on projectile velocity . A balance between propellant quality and quantity , projectile mass and barrel length must be found if both safety and optimal performance is to be achieved . Longer barrels give the propellant force more time to work on propelling the bullet . For this reason longer barrels generally provide higher velocities , everything else being equal . As the bullet moves down the bore , however , the propellant ' s gas pressure behind it diminishes . Given a long enough barrel , there would eventually be a point at which friction between the bullet and the barrel , and air resistance , would equal the force of the gas pressure behind it , and from that point , the velocity of the bullet would decrease . Large naval guns will have length to diameter ratios of 38 : 1 to 50 : 1 . This length ratio maximizes the projectile velocity . There is much interest in modernizing naval weaponry by using electrically driven railgun s , which overcome the limitations noted above . With railguns , a constant acceleration is provided along the entire length of the device , greatly increasing the muzzle velocity . There is also a significant advantage in not having to carry explosive propellant and even the projectile internal charges may be eliminated due to the high velocity - the projectile becomes a strictly kinetic weapon .
Guilford Court House order of battle The following units and commanders fought at the Battle of Guilford Court House on March 15 , 1781 . British forces . LTG Charles , Earl Cornwallis MG Alexander Leslie , second in command American forces . MG Nathanael Greene BG Isaac Huger , second in command ( w )
Aaron Cohen ( counterterrorist ) Aaron Cohen ( born 28 February 1976 ) is an American writer , director , actor , author and former Duvdevan Special Forces operator specializing in counter - terrorism and best known for his international bestselling memoir " Brotherhood of Warriors " . Early life and Israeli special - forces . After high school , Cohen left Los Angeles for Israel , working on a kibbutz before enlisting in the Israel Defense Forces . After a grueling tryout process known as a “ gibush ” , Cohen was one of the few non - Sabra volunteers accepted into the elite ranks of the Israeli Special Forces . In the mid - 1990s , he became a member of the secretive undercover Sayaret ( commando ) unit known as Duvdevan , ( ; lit . " cherry " ) a counter - terrorist unit which runs missions targeting wanted terrorist suspects in the occupied territories of the West Bank , often while dressed as Palestinian Arabs . Post military . After his three - year service , Cohen returned to Los Angeles and launched IMS Security Consultants , Inc . , a Hollywood VIP protection service which has done security work for Hollywood actors , VIPs , rock stars and dignitaries . IMS has also been a leading tactical training firm in offering Israeli - style counter - terrorist and “ active shooter ” training to members of local , State and Federal law enforcement , SWAT teams and the U . S . military Special Forces . Cohen frequently appears as a national security analyst on various major news networks . Film and television . Cohen has appeared in numerous films including " End of Watch " , " Haywire " and " Get The Gringo " . In " Haywire " he was tapped by director Steven Soderbergh to serve as the films technical advisor and tactical weapons trainer prepping actors Channing Tatum , Gina Carano and Michael Fassbender for their roles as well as consulting on the script . In 2013 Cohen wrote , directed , and co - starred in the short action war film Overwatch , a realistic war drama about post traumatic stress disorder and the high emotional price paid by our top special operations soldiers who carry out our nations most dangerous and complex missions . He is the stepson of Oscar winning American filmmaker Abby Mann . Book . Aaron Cohen ’ s first book , " Brotherhood of Warriors : Behind Enemy Lines with a Commando in one of the World ’ s Most Elite Counterterrorism Units " , coauthored with journalist and best - selling author Douglas Century , was published by Ecco Press in April 2008 . The book is now available in six languages .