naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Recruiting Act 1779 The Recruiting Act 1779 ( 19 Geo . 3 c . 10 ) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain . It was a press Act for the recruiting of his Majesty ' s Land Forces . After the losses in the American Revolutionary War and the apprehended hostilities with France , the existing voluntary enlistment measures were judged to be insufficient . It served as a revision of the Recruiting Act 1778 . It raised the bounty £3 , 3s . After the expiration of their service , volunteers were exempt from the performance of statue ( highway ) duty , for service as parish officers , and from service in the army , navy , or militia . They were allowed to set up and exercise any trade in any place in Great Britain . It enlarged those subject to impressment beyond smugglers and " all able - bodied and disorderly persons " to include those " convicted of running away from and leaving their families chargeable upon the parish " . The chief advantage of this Act was in the number of volunteers brought in under the apprehension of impressment . The Act received royal assent on 9 February 1779 . On 26 May 1780 it was repealed with the exception of the parts relating to volunteers . It was wholly repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1871 .
Grumman F10F Jaguar The world ' s first variable - sweep combat aircraft , the XF10F - 1 was designed as a transonic single - seat shipboard fighter with an internal armament of four 20mm cannon and provision for an external bomb load of up to 1814 kg . The sweepback angle of the wings could be varied hydraulically between 13 . 5° and 42 . 5° , and high - lift devices consisted of full - span slats and an 80 % Fowler flap . The Jaguar was intended to be powered by a Westinghouse XJ40 - WE - 8 turbojet rated at 3357 kg military thrust and 4944 kg with afterburning , but when flight trials were initiated on 19 May 1952 , a J40 - WE - 6 rated at 3084 kg was fitted . Numerous problems arose during the test programme , and as some of these could not be resolved , trials terminated with the 32nd flight on 25 April 1953 . Orders had been placed for 141 production F10F - 1s , but these were cancelled on 1 April 1953 .
Snake Bay Airport Snake Bay Airport is located at Milikapiti , Northern Territory on the northern coast of Melville Island , Australia . History . World War II . The Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) built the airfield as a forward fighter aerodrome , during World War II as part of the proposed strategic amphibious operations by Allied forces against the Tanimbar Islands and Kai Islands . It was proposed to accommodate a RAAF Fighter Wing and a United States Army Air Forces Fighter Group . Construction was started on 7 July 1944 , by No . 9 Mobile Works Unit RAAF with the help of 40 Aborigines . The airfield was operational on 30 August 1944 . Two side by side runways long were constructed . The airfield was never fully utilized as the proposed amphibious operations were canceled and replaced with the New Guinea campaign . The airfield was known as " Austin Strip " and " RAAF Melville Island " .
Schweinemord In 1915 , due to World War I food restrictions and rationing , the German bureaucracy decided to regard pigs as co - eaters with humans and tried to preserve supplies . As a result , five million pigs were massacred in the so called Schweinemord ( German : pig massacre ) to both make food and preserve grain . However it did little to increase the supply of grain , as officials did not take into account the use of pig manure as fertilizer on small farms . Because of this , killing the pigs actually decreased crop yields in the region . References . Roger Chickering : " Das Deutsche Reich und der Erste Weltkrieg " , C . H . Beck , ISBN 3 - 406 - 47592 - 2 , P . 57 Online Cove , Dennis and Westwel , Ian ed . " History of World War I : the Home Fronts , Technologies of the War " , ISBN 9780761472315 , P . 653
Fukui Castle History . Yuki Hideyasu built Fukui Castle in 1606 after he was given the territory of Kitanosho by Tokugawa Ieyasu after Hideyasu helped Ieyasu in the battle of Sekigahara . Hideyasu built the castle north of an older castle known as Kitanosho Castle . It was christened Fukui Castle by its next lord , Matsudaira Tadamasa , who became the lord of Kitanosho in 1624 . The name comes from a well called Fukunoi , or good luck well , the remains of which can still be seen today . The " tenshu " , or keep , of the castle was destroyed by fire in 1669 . What remained of the castle continued to be used until the Meiji Restoration , when all the buildings were torn down , leaving the stone walls and the lord ' s palace . In 1945 , the palace was destroyed by United States Army Air Forces firebombing during World War II . Today , the castle is in ruins , and the prefectural government buildings stand on the grounds , though the palace was reconstructed in 1993 .
USS Road Runner ( AMc - 35 ) USS " Road Runner " ( AMc - 35 ) was a coastal minesweeper acquired by the U . S . Navy for the task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing . " Road Runner " was named after the bird of that name : a speedy , largely terrestrial bird of the cuckoo family , found from California to Mexico and eastward to Texas . " Road Runner " was built in 1939 as Treasure Island , California , by Western Boat Yard , Tacoma , Washington ; acquired by the Navy on 27 November 1940 from Mr . August Felando of San Pedro , California ; converted at South Coast Co . , Newport Beach , California , and placed in service on 2 June 1941 . World War II service . " Road Runner " , a wooden coastal minesweeper , served her three - year , World War II career with the 11th Naval District and the Western Sea Frontier with a homeport of San Pedro and a home yard of Mare Island , California . Her operations involved daily minesweeping out of San Pedro , sometimes running to Santa Catalina Island or south to San Diego . Deactivation . " Road Runner " was taken out of service on 15 September 1944 . She was struck from the Navy list on 14 October 1944 , transferred to the War Shipping Administration on 5 February 1945 , and sold to her former owner .
First battle of Solskjel The first battle of Solskjel was the first engagement in Harald Fairhair ' s attempt to subjugate western Norway to his rule . The two kings of Nordmøre and Romsdal had joined forces to stop the fleet of king Harald , who was sailing south from Trøndelag . Harald was again victorious , and his two opponents were both slain in battle . However Huntiof ' s son , Solve Klove escaped . After the battle Harald laid both countries under his rule , and stayed there for the rest of the summer .
James Grimsley , Jr . James Alexander Grimsley , Jr . ( November 14 , 1921 - June 11 , 2013 ) , a major general in the United States Army , was President of The Citadel , The Military College of South Carolina from 1980 to 1989 . Life and career . Grimsley was born and raised in Florence , South Carolina . After graduating with The Citadel , class of 1942 , he was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the US Army and immediately went to the Pacific Theater to fight in World War II . He held numerous high leadership positions including command of an infantry brigade in Vietnam , a tour as Assistant Commander of the 2d Armored Division and service on the Army General Staff . His career culminated with an assignment as a Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense . After 33 years of service , Grimsley retired from the active duty in 1975 . Grimsley came to The Citadel in 1975 as Vice President for Administration and Finance ; he was named President in 1980 upon the retirement of his predecessor , Vice Admiral James B . Stockdale . His tenure at the Citadel was marked by a return to traditional values in the corps of cadets , a significant increase in applications , major physical improvements to the campus and rising academic rankings . When Grimsley retired in 1989 , he was named President Emeritus . This distinction had previously only been given to General Charles Summerall and General Mark Clark . Awards . During Grimsley ' s active duty career , he received 35 major decorations , including the following :
Alain de Boissieu Alain de Boissieu ( 5 July 1914 , in Chartres , Eure - et - Loir – 5 April 2006 , in Clamart ) was a French general , Free French , Compagnon de la Libération , Army chief of staff ( 1971 – 1975 ) and son - in - law of general Charles de Gaulle . Life . Son of a French family coming from Forez and Lyon ( de Boissieu ) , Alain de Boissieu was a pupil at École Spéciale Militaire de Saint - Cyr ( French military academy ) in 1936 and Saumur ( French cavalry school ) in 1938 . He was a cavalry officer during World War II and , with horses and sabre , made a successful charge ( one of the last in cavalry history ) against German troops on 11 June 1940 . A prisoner of the Germans , he managed to escape to Russia in March 1941 . But Joseph Stalin was , at this time , the ally of Hitler . So he was sent for a while to a Russian camp . Finally , after Germany attacked Russia mid - 1941 , he joined general Charles de Gaulle and the Free French Forces ( FFL ) in London . As a Free French , Alain de Boissieu was a member of the military operations over Bayonne ( Easter 1942 ) and Dieppe ( Dieppe Raid , August 1942 ) , in Madagascar and Djibouti with the FFL . He fought in the Battle of Normandy from 30 July 1944 , as an officer of the famous 2nd Armored Division ( ) of general Philippe Leclerc , and was wounded on 12 August . He fought for the Liberation of Paris ( 25 August 1944 ) . In 1946 , Alain de Boissieu married Élisabeth de Gaulle , the daughter of general Charles de Gaulle . He fought in Algeria ( 1956 ) . On 22 August 1962 he was in the same car as his father - in - law during the terrorist attack of Petit - Clamart planned by the Organisation armée secrète , when he saved the life of Charles de Gaulle . As a general , he commanded the French military academy of Saint - Cyr ( École spéciale militaire de Saint - Cyr and of l ' École militaire interarmes de Coëtquidan ) ( 1964 ) . He was army chief of staff ( in French , " chef d ' État - major de l ' Armée de Terre " ) ( 1971 – 1975 ) . Alain de Boissieu became Grand Chancelier de l ' ordre de la Légion d ' Honneur and Chancelier de l ' Ordre National du Mérite ( 1975 – 1981 ) and Chancelier de l ' Ordre de la Libération ( 2002 – 2006 ) .
Camp O ' Donnell Camp O ' Donnell was a facility of the United States Air Force in Capas , Tarlac , the Philippines . Before the facility was transferred to the US Air Force , it was originally a Philippine Army post and later a United States Army facility . Camp O ' Donnell is now a camp of the Armed Forces of the Philippines . History . During the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines in World War II , Camp O ' Donnell was the final stop of the Bataan Death March and was used as an internment camp for Filipino and American prisoners of war . Around 20 , 000 Filipinos and 1 , 600 Americans died at Camp O ' Donnell . It was liberated by the US Army and Philippine Commonwealth Army on 30 January 1945 . When it was transferred to the US Air Force , it became home to the 3rd Tactical Electronic Warfare Training Squadron , the Pacific Air Forces Electronic Warfare Range , and the Crow Valley Range Complex . Operating Location Delta ( OL - D ) of the 1961st Communications Group was also located at Camp O ' Donnell . OL - D provided communications support to Camp O ' Donnell , the Crow Valley Range Complex , worldwide high - frequency military transmitters and microwave relay support Voice of America broadcasts out of the Philippines . Present . The former internment camp is the location for the Capas National Shrine which was built and is maintained by the Philippine government as a memorial to the Filipino and American soldiers who died there . A huge obelisk now stands as a grave marker on the original site of the camp , which charges an entrance fee of less than Ph₱ 20 per head .
Demolition belt In military terminology , a demolition belt is a selected land area sown with explosive charge s , mines , and other available obstacles to deny use of the land to enemy operations , and as a protection to friendly troops . There are two types of demolition belt :
French submarine Minerve ( S647 ) " Minerve " ( S647 ) was a French submarine , one of nine of the " Daphné " class . The relatively small submarine was an experimental missile - carrying submarine with a diesel engine . She had a maximum speed of 15 knots . Service history . The submarine was laid down in May 1958 the " Chantiers Dubigeon " shipyard in Nantes , and launched on 31 May 1961 . After a shakedown cruise to Londonderry , Bergen , and Gothenburg in November 1962 , the submarine sailed from Cherbourg to Toulon , arriving on 22 December 1962 . She was commissioned into the 1st Submarine Squadron on 10 June 1964 . " Minerve " operated solely in the Mediterranean , and was refitted at Missiessy Quay , Toulon , in 1967 . Loss . On 27 January 1968 at 07 : 55 hrs , she was travelling just under the surface using her snorkel , roughly from her base in Toulon , when she advised an accompanying Breguet Atlantic aircraft that she would be at her berth in about an hour ; 52 crew , including six officers , were on board . She was never heard from again . She was lost in waters between and deep . Commander Philipe Bouillot recalled later telling " Minerve " s new captain Lieutenant André Fauve , he had spent 7 , 000 hours submerged over the four years he had been in command of her and never had a problem . The only factor known that could have caused her to sink was the weather , which was extremely bad at the time of her loss . The French Navy promptly launched a search for the missing submarine mobilizing numerous ships , including the aircraft carrier and the submersible " SP - 350 Denise " under the supervision of Jacques Cousteau , but found nothing , and the operation was called off on 2 February . However , the search for " Minerve " , under the name " Operation Reminer " continued into 1969 and utilized the submersible " Archimède " and the survey ship . To this day no trace of the vessel has been found . " Minerve " was lost at about the same time as the ( a few days apart ) , over away .
XVII Reserve Corps ( German Empire ) The XVII Reserve Corps / XVII RK ( ) was a corps level command of the German Army in World War I . History . The Corps was formed in October 1914 as the temporary Corps Zastrow named for its commander General der Infanterie Ernst von Zastrow , military governor of Graudenz . On 21 July 1915 it was established as XVII Reserve Corps . The Corps was dissolved on 17 September 1917 . Commanders . Corps Zastrow / XVII Reserve Corps had the following commanders during its existence :
Gleb Shishmaryov Gleb Semyonovich Shishmaryov ( ) ( 1781 - November 3 , 1835 , Saint Petersburg ) was a rear admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy . He is reputed for having surveyed the then little - known coast of Alaska as navigator . In 1815 - 1818 he accompanied Otto von Kotzebue his voyage to Alaska and around the world . In 1820 Shishmaryov returned to Alaska in command of ship " Blagonamierennie " , accompanied by Lt . Mikhail Vasiliev on ship " Otkrietie " . Shishmaref and Vasiliev entered the Chukchi Sea and explored the coast of Alaska from Kotzebue Sound to Icy Cape and later from Norton Sound to Cape Newenham . The name of this Russian explorer is sometimes transliterated as " Shishmaref " in the United States ; the town of Shishmaref , Alaska , and the Shishmaref Inlet have been named after him .
National Production Authority The National Production Authority ( NPA ) was an agency of the United States government which developed and promoted the production and supply of materials and facilities necessary for defense mobilization . It was part of the Department of Commerce . The agency was created by Department Order 123 , issued September 11 , 1950 , under authority of the Defense Production Act of 1950 and Executive Order 10161 ( issued September 9 , 1950 ) . The organization ' s function was to ensure the needs of the civilian economy were adequately represented in defense mobilization efforts , and that small businesses were participating in defense contracts . In 1951 , after the escalation of the Korean War , the NPA was placed under the control of the Defense Production Administration in the Office of Defense Mobilization . The NPA was abolished by Department Order 152 , issued October 1 , 1953 . Its functions were dispersed among a number of successor agencies , including the Business and Defense Services Administration ( 1953 – 1970 ) ; the Bureau of Domestic Commerce ( 1970 – 1972 ) ; the Domestic and International Business Administration ( 1972 – 1977 ) ; the Industry and Trade Administration ( 1977 – 1980 ) ; and the International Trade Administration ( 1980 – present ) .
High - water mark of the Confederacy The high - water mark of the Confederacy refers to a Gettysburg Battlefield area at The Angle which was the farthest American Civil War line of advance of " The Assaulting Column " of the Confederate " Longstreet ' s assault " into the Union Army defensive line during July 3 of the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg . Similar to a high water mark of water , the term is a reference to arguably the Confederate Army ' s best chance of achieving victory in the war . The line of advance was east of The Angle stone wall at various distances , e . g . , the Virginians pushed the Union line back . History . This designation was invented by government historian John B . Bachelder after the war when the monuments of the Gettysburg Battlefield were being erected . Some historians have argued that the battle was the turning point of the war and that this was the place that represented the Confederacy ' s last major offensive operation in the Eastern Theater . On the third day of the battle ( July 3 , 1863 ) , Confederate General Robert E . Lee ordered an attack on the Union center , located on Cemetery Ridge . This offensive maneuver called for almost 12 , 500 men to march over 1 , 000 yards of dangerously open terrain . Preceded by a massive but mostly ineffective Confederate artillery barrage , the march across open fields toward the Union lines became known as Pickett ' s Charge ; Maj . Gen . George E . Pickett was one of three division commanders under the command of Lt . Gen . James Longstreet , but his name has been popularly associated with the assault . Union guns and infantry on Cemetery Ridge opened fire on the advancing men , decimating the Confederate ranks . One of Pickett ' s brigade commanders was General Lewis Addison Armistead . His men were able to breach the Union lines in just one place , a bend in the wall that has become known as " the Angle . " This gap in the Union line was quickly closed with any Confederate soldiers who had breached it being quickly captured or killed . Lee ' s Army of Northern Virginia retreated the next day , leaving Gettysburg for Virginia . Even though the war lasted almost another two years , Lee launched few offensive operations during that time , none of them near the scale of the Gettysburg Campaign . Monuments . Monuments at the high - water mark include the High Water Mark of the Rebellion Monument , the 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Monument , and the Vermont monument with George Stannard statue .
USS Northampton ( CLC - 1 ) The third USS " Northampton " ( CLC - 1 ) was a US Navy command light cruiser ( command ship ) . She was laid down as an Oregon City class heavy cruiser ( CA – 125 ) , on 31 August 1944 by the Fore River Yard , Bethlehem Steel Corp . , Quincy , Mass . Work suspended between 11 August 1945 and 1 July 1948 ; she was launched as CLC – 1 , on 27 January 1951 ; sponsored by Mrs . Edmond J . Lampron ; and commissioned as CLC – 1 , on 7 March 1953 , Capt . William D . Irvin in command . History . Following shakedown , " Northampton " reported for duty to Commander Operational Development Forces , Atlantic Fleet . For seven months she conducted extensive tests of her new equipment . Evaluation completed in September 1954 and she reverted to the operational control of Commander Battleship Cruiser Force , Atlantic Fleet . She next demonstrated her capabilities as a tactical Command Ship by serving as flagship , first for Commander Amphibious Force , Atlantic Fleet ( October – November 1954 ) and then for Commander 6th Fleet ( December 1954 – March 1955 ) . Between 1 September and 22 October she served as flagship for Commander Strike Force , Atlantic , a position she was to hold frequently over the next fifteen years . On 24 February 1956 , " Northampton " emerged from her first overhaul at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard , Portsmouth , Va . , and , after refresher training off Cuba , participated as a unit of the Navy ’ s first guided missile division afloat , CruDiv 6 , in the first public demonstration of the Terrier missile . In April , she steamed east for six months with the 6th Fleet , and , during the summer of 1957 , resumed midshipmen training cruises . However , between that time and 1961 , she infrequently returned to European waters . Deployed on occasion for NATO and Fleet exercises and People to People visits , the command ship was visited by high government officials of various European countries , including Kings Baudouin I of the Belgians and Olav V of Norway . Decommissioning . Redesignated CC – 1 on 15 April 1961 , " Northampton " remained in the western Atlantic until decommissioning in February 1970 . Her cruises ranged from Canadian to Panamanian waters as she extensively tested and evaluated new communications equipment and played host to visiting national and international dignitaries , including Presidents Kennedy and Johnson . The ship was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 31 December 1977 . " Floating White House " . According to a " Washington Post " article on 29 July 2006 , the " Northampton " was part of the U . S . government ' s plan for continuity of government and reported to be a " floating White House " to which the President could be evacuated in the event of nuclear attack . As such she was designated as the National Emergency Command Post Afloat ( NECPA ) . The was her sister ship and also designated part of NECPA . The ship was modified with an extra deck , the tallest communications mast in the Navy and multi - link communications gear .
National Military Museum , Romania The National Military Museum ( ) , located at 125 - 127 Mircea Vulcănescu St . , Bucharest , Romania , was established in 1923 by King Ferdinand . It has been at its present site since 1988 , in a building finished in 1898 .