naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Henry A . Byroade Brigadier General Henry Alfred Byroade , ( July 24 , 1913 – December 31 , 1993 ) of Indiana was an American career diplomat . Over the course of his career , he served as the American ambassador to Egypt ( 1955 - 1956 ) , South Africa ( 1956 - 1959 ) , Afghanistan ( 1959 - 1962 ) , Burma ( 1963 - 1968 ) , Philippines ( 1969 - 1973 ) , and Pakistan . Byroade graduated from West Point in 1937 and began as a career Army officer . In 1946 , at the age of 32 , he rose to the rank of Brigadier General . In 1949 he was seconded to the U . S . Department of State , where he headed the Office of German Affairs . In 1952 , he made the decision to resign from the Army , and was appointed Assistant Secretary of State for Middle East , South Asia and Africa — a post he held until 1955 . He attracted criticism from both Israel and the Arab nations for a 1954 declaration in which he told the Israelis , " You should drop the attitude of a conqueror and the conviction that force is the only policy that your neighbors will understand , " and told the Arabs , " You should accept this state of Israel as an accomplished fact . " Byroade had been Ambassador to Egypt for more than a year when it was announced that he was being transferred . He was considered a friend of Arab causes but unable , during his Egyptian assignment , to prevent an arms deal between Czechoslovakia and Egypt , or to dissuade the Egyptian government of Gamal Abdel Nasser from expanding its campaigns against the West . Criticism of his effectiveness in Cairo in the Eisenhower Administration led to his reassignment to South Africa . Emanuel Neumann , chairman of the executive of the Zionist Organization of America urged that he be removed from Cairo , claiming he had been an apologist for the Egyptian government . He retired from the Foreign Service in 1977 . He died in January 1994 in Bethesda , Maryland .
Morey MK 1 knife The Morey MK 1 knife is a combat knife designed in 1991 by Chuck Morey , who was in the US Navy at the time . It was the only combat knife manufactured in the Persian Gulf for use in Operation Desert Storm . The Morey MK 1 was not a US Military issued knife , but still remains highly prized by collectors . In 1991 , the knife sold for about $ 10 , in 2006 some sold for $ 100 . However , only 500 were produced , and they were distributed exclusively to members of coalition forces . Specifications . The Morey MK 1 measures 11 inches ( 27 . 94 cm ) in overall length , and features a 5 7 / 8 inch long ( 14 . 923 cm ) blade with a thickness of 3 / 16 inches ( 0 . 476 cm ) . The blade , which is made of stainless steel , is double - edged , and has a deep fuller grind on each side . The words “ Morey MK 1 ” are deeply stamped into the ricasso , while the letter “ M ” is cast into the center of the knife ’ s composite handle . Three groves run down the knife ’ s handle . The butt of the handle features a hole for tying a lanyard .
Fort MacArthur Fort MacArthur is a former United States Army installation in San Pedro , Los Angeles , California ( now the port community of Los Angeles ) . A small section remains in military use by the United States Air Force as a housing and administrative annex of Los Angeles Air Force Base . The fort is named in honor of Lieutenant General Arthur MacArthur . His son , Douglas MacArthur , would later command American forces in the Pacific during World War II . History . In 1888 , President Grover Cleveland designated an area overlooking San Pedro Bay as an unnamed military reservation intended to improve the defenses of the expanding Los Angeles harbor area . Additional land was purchased in 1897 and 1910 , and Fort MacArthur was formally created on October 31 , 1914 . The fort was a training center during World War I , and the first large gun batteries for harbor defense were installed in 1917 . The effectiveness of these fixed gun emplacements was debated for many years , and test firings were extremely unpopular with nearby residents , the concussion shattering windows in buildings and houses for miles around . By the end of World War II the large guns were already being removed , with the last decommissioned in 1948 . Battery Osgood - Farley is probably the best preserved example of a United States coastal defense gun emplacement , and it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 . A second site , Battery John Barlow and Saxton , was added to the Register in 1982 . During the early years of the Cold War , Fort MacArthur became a key part of the West Coast ' s anti - aircraft defenses , becoming the home base of the 47th Anti - Aircraft Artillery Brigade . A Nike surface - to - air missile battery was activated at the fort in 1954 , remaining in service until the early 1970s . In 1975 Fort MacArthur became a sub - post of Fort Ord , and the Army transferred ownership of the fort ' s Upper and Lower Reservations to the City of Los Angeles two years later . The Lower Reservation was cleared off and dredged and is now the city ' s Cabrillo Marina . Fort MacArthur ' s remaining Middle Reservation was transferred to the United States Air Force in 1982 for use by the Los Angeles Air Force Base as an administration and housing facility . Angel ' s Gate Park . The Upper Reservation is now a city park - San Pedro ' s Angels Gate Park , home of the Korean Bell of Friendship . It is also frequently used by television and motion picture companies . The artillery emplacements have been seen in the television series ' 24 ' and in movies as varied as " Dragnet " , " Midway " and " Tora , Tora , Tora " . Hostelling International USA ( part of Hostelling International ) maintains a 57 bed youth hostel in the refurbished military barracks of the reservation . Museum . The Fort MacArthur Military Museum , located at the site of Battery Osgood - Farley , displays exhibits on the history of Fort MacArthur , its role in defending the Los Angeles area , American Pacific Theater military campaigns , and the role of Los Angeles as a military port .
Frederick Coutts Frederick Coutts , CBE ( 21 September 1899 – 6 February 1986 ) was the 8th General of The Salvation Army ( 1963 - 1969 ) . The son of corps officers , he was born in Kirkcaldy , Scotland . In 1920 , he became an Officer of The Salvation Army from the corps in Batley , England . He served in divisional work in the British Territory from 1921 to 1925 , when he became a Corps Officer of the British Territory . He would serve as Corps Officer of the British Territory for 10 years . It was during his time as Corps Officer of the British Territory that he married his first wife , Lieutenant Bessie Lee , B . Sc . , in 1925 . Beginning in 1935 , he would work 18 years in the Literary Department of International Headquarters . During his time there , he was the writer of the International Company Orders from 1935 to 1946 , Editor of The Officers ’ Review from 1947 to 1953 , Assistant to Literary Secretary from 1947 to 1952 , then in 1952 , he became the Literary Secretary himself for a year . In 1953 , Frederick would move from Literacy Secretary to Training Principal at the International Training College . He would hold this job for four years . In 1957 , he would become the Australia Eastern Territorial Commander for six years . In December 1963 , Frederick Coutts was elected by the High Council of The Salvation Army as General of the Army . During his time in office , he would receive a Hon Litt D from Chung Ang , Korea in 1966 , Order of Cultural Merit , Korea , and a CBE in 1967 . He is the author of " The Timeless Prophets " ( 1944 ) , " Portrait of a Salvationist " ( 1955 ) , " The Call to Holiness " ( 1957 ) , " Essentials of Christian Experience " ( 1969 ) , " The Better Fight " ( 1973 ) , " No Discharge in this War " ( 1975 ) , " No Continuing City " ( 1976 ) , " Bread for my Neighbour " ( 1978 ) , " In Good Company " ( 1980 ) , " The Splendour of Holiness " ( 1983 ) and " The Weapons of Goodwill " ( 1986 ) . Extracts from his writings are also published in " Through the Year with Frederick Coutts " ( 1987 ) a book of daily readings by Peter M . Cooke . His wife , Commissioner Bessie Lee , died in 1967 . General Coutts retired a day before his 70th birthday , September 20 , 1969 . He married his second wife , Commissioner Olive Gatrall , in 1970 . In 1981 he received an Honorary D . D . from the University of Aberdeen . General Frederick Coutts died at the age of 86 .
9th Division ( Singapore ) The 9th Singapore Division / Infantry commonly known as 9th Division is a combined arms division of the Singapore Army . History . The 9th Singapore Division was formed on 1 October 1978 as a reserve division to manage and train National Service units . On 31 March 1992 , 9th Singapore Division became a combined arms division as part of the SAF ' s reorganisation . On 17 August 2004 , 9th Singapore Division and HQ Infantry were merged form 9th Singapore Division / Infantry .
Euston Henry Sartorius Major General Euston Henry Sartorius ( 6 June 1844 – 19 February 1925 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . His brother Reginald was also awarded the VC . Details . Sartorius was 35 years old , and a captain in the 59th ( 2nd Nottinghamshire ) Regiment of Foot ( later The East Lancashire Regiment ) , British Army , during the Second Anglo - Afghan War when the following deed took place on 24 October 1879 at Shahjui , Afghanistan for which he was awarded the VC : Further information . His father was Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Rose Sartorius and his brother was Major General Reginald William Sartorius VC . He also served in the 1882 Anglo - Egyptian War and was mentioned in despatches . He later was appointed as Military Attache in Japan . He was awarded the Bronze Medal of the Royal Humane Society for saving the lives of three girls from drowning at Broadstairs on 29 June 1869 . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Army Museum , Chelsea , London .
Galea ( helmet ) A galea was a Roman soldier ' s helmet . Some gladiator s , myrmillo nes , also wore a bronze galea with a face mask and a decoration , often a fish on its crest . The exact form or design of the helmet varied significantly over time , between differing unit types , and also between individual examples - pre - industrial production was by hand – so it is not certain to what degree there was any standardization even under the Roman Empire . Originally , Roman helmets were influenced by the neighboring Etruscans , people who utilised the " Nasua " type helmets . The Greeks in the south also influenced Roman design in the early history of Rome . For instance , the ancestor of the Chalcidian helmet , the Attic helmet , was widely used by officers until the end of the empire . Lastly , the Gauls were the peoples who most impacted the design of the Roman helmet hence the popular " Imperial Gallic " type helmets . In addition to this , it is commonly thought that the Gauls also introduced chainmail to the Romans . The primary evidence is scattered archaeological finds , which are often damaged or incomplete . There are similarities of form and function between them . Helmet types . H . Russell Robinson in his book " The Armour of Imperial Rome " , published in 1975 , classified into broad divisions the various forms of helmets that were found . He classified four main types of helmets for heavy infantry ( with subcategories named with letters ) and 30 different types of cheek guards . Helmets used by gladiators were quite different from military versions . Helmet crests . Most of the helmets used by legionaries had a crest holder . The crests were usually made of plumes or horse hair . There is some evidence ( Vegetius writings and some sculptures ) that legionaries had their crests mounted longitudinally and centurions had them mounted transversely .
Battle of Banquan The Battle of Banquan ( ) is the first battle in Chinese history as recorded by Sima Qian ' s " Records of the Grand Historian " ( written around first century BC ) . It was fought by Huangdi , the Yellow Emperor , and Yandi , the Flame Emperor . " The Battle of Banquan " may actually only refer to the third of a series of three battles . Huangdi , the Yellow Emperor , shortly afterwards fought Ciyou , or Chi You , at the Battle of Zhuolu . Both battles were fought not long apart , and on nearby plains , and both involved the Yellow Emperor . The Battle of Banquan is credited for the formation of the Huaxia tribe , the basis of the Han Chinese civilization . Not much is known about this battle since it , along with other events of the era , are clouded by mythology . Thus , the historicity of this battle is disputed . Chinese historiographical tradition places it in the 26th century BC . The Shennong tribe originally was a branch of the nomadic people from the west who entered the North China Plain . Generations later , the tribe was in conflict with other expanding tribes at the time , such as the Jiuli tribe led by Chi You and the Youxiong tribe led by the Yellow Emperor . As the Yan Emperor of Shennong planned to invade the local tribes nearby , the tribes turned to the Yellow Emperor , who raised armies against Shennong . The armies of Youxiong , under the totem s of the Bear ( 熊 ) , the Brown Bear ( 羆 ) , the Fox ( 貔 ) , the Brave ( 貅 ) , the " Chū " ( 貙 ) , and the Tiger ( 虎 ) ; and the armies of Shennong met in Banquan in the first large scale battle in Chinese history . After three major engagements , the Shennong forces lost the battle and made an alliance to the Yellow Emperor . The two major tribes then went on to form the Huaxia tribe , incorporating the small tribes around them . The ever expanding Huaxia tribe soon drew the envy of Chi You , who attacked Shennong ' s territories . The Huaxia tribe then reacted by facing Chi You in the Battle of Zhuolu , and emerged victorious . The Huaxia tribe then could expand without hindrance and soon formed what came to be known as the Han Chinese civilization . To this day , Chinese people still call themselves " descendents of Yan and Huang " . Location of the battle . The actual location of Banquan , where this battle was fought , is in dispute . There are three likely locations : Of these three , the third one is seen to be the most probable since the other two would imply that the two forces would both have to travel north to meet each other , which would be impractical . Another possibility is that all three are correct , as both Confucius and Sima Qian appear to agree what took place was a series of three battles : three between Huangdi and Yandi , which was followed by another between Ciyou , or Chi You , against Huangdi and allied princes and lords . This last battle occurring on a plain different than , but nearby , the one on which Huangdi triumphed over Yandi . The first series of three battles seem to be loosely referred to as the battle of Banquan . The last is the Battle of Zhuolu .
Petros Soumilas Petros Soumilas or Soumilis ( ) was a Greek Army officer who reached the rank of Lieutenant General . He was born in Leucas on 1 January 1861 ( then under British rule ) . He joined the Hellenic Army on 2 August 1882 , and later enrolled in the NCO School , from where he graduated in August 1888 as a Second Lieutenant of Infantry . He served as a topography instructor and in the newly established Hellenic Military Geographical Service , and participated in the Greco - Turkish War of 1897 and the Balkan Wars . During the latter he commanded the 3rd Battalion of the 11th Infantry Regiment , and occasionally substituted for the regimental commander as well . As a royalist , he was dismissed from the Army in 1917 – 1920 during the National Schism . He was reinstated with the electoral defeat of Eleftherios Venizelos in November 1920 which brought the royalist opposition to power , and assumed command of the Xanthi Division in Eastern Thrace . In May 1921 he was transferred to command the 10th Infantry Division in Anatolia , and he led it in the Greek summer offensive and the advance towards the Sakarya river . In 1922 he was placed in command of the III Army Corps , which he commanded during the collapse and retreat of the Greek army from Anatolia in August 1922 . Following the outbreak of the Venizelist - led September 1922 Revolution among the surviving Army units , he was dismissed from service on 17 October 1922 . He testified in the Trial of the Six .
Dawid Wdowiński Before World War II , Wdowiński was a chairman of the Revisionist Zionism party in Poland . Together with many Jews in the Polish Army and Polish Jewish political leaders ( Dawid Apfelbaum , Józef Celmajster , Henryk Lifszyc , Kałmen Mendelson , Paweł Frenkel and Leon Rodl ) , he founded the ŻZW group in the Warsaw Ghetto . He was never a military commander , serving instead as political head of the ŻZW . In 1963 he published his memoir , in which he told about his involvement with the ŻZW and the Warsaw Ghetto uprising . After the war , accounts of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising were filtered through former members of the left - leaning ŻOB . These accounts ( also adopted by the postwar Polish Communist state ) diminished both the roles and the importance of the ŻZW and Wdowiński . One writer , Israel Guttman , was an activist in Ha ' Shomer Ha ' Tsair . Guttman ' s perspective continued in authoritative citations of Barbara Engelking - Boni and the Polish Center for Holocaust Research , who described Wdowiński as " a senior activist in the Revisionists ' movement ( formed by Ze ' ev Jabotinsky ' s New Zionist Organization ) ; revisionist leader in the ghetto , he attributes himself in command of the fighting organisation of this political movement . After the war he prepared his memoirs . " Another ŻOB fighter ( Icchak Cukierman ) wrote , " The Revisionists had seceded from the World Zionist Organization ; and before the war , all socialist movements , including the Zionists , saw them as the Jewish ebodiminent of Fascism . " Wdowiński candidly noted the pro - Soviet political orientation of the leftist Jews : " The second , the confused political orientation , was largely because many Jewish leaders were reared in the spirit of the Russian Revolution , and they thought they could translate the ideas of the class struggle into Zionist terms . "
HMS Ambush ( P418 ) HMS " Ambush " ( P418 ) , was an " Amphion " - class submarine of the Royal Navy , built by Vickers Armstrong and launched 24 September 1945 . In 1948 she took part in trials of the Schnorkel . In 1951 she heard and decoded a distress message from HMS " Affray " , which was sunk with the ultimate loss of all 75 hands . In 1953 she took part in the Fleet Review to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II .
Honourable Artillery Company Museum The Honourable Artillery Company Museum opened in 1987 in Armoury House , City Road , London EC1 , England . It is associated with the Honourable Artillery Company , the oldest regiment in the British Army and still maintains an active regiment as a core part of today ' s Territorial Army . The collection includes uniforms , armour , silver , medals and decorations , weapons , equipment and applied art . The archives date from 1657 and are of particular interest for 17th and 18th century militia and City of London matters . The museum was re - opened by HRH The Duke of Edinburgh on 12 October 2011 , after a complete rebuild . Entrance is free , although it is only open to the public by appointment .
Begleitkommando - SS Begleitkommando - SS were elite SS bodyguards created to provide close security protection for high - ranking members of the Nazi Party and visiting state dignitories . Formation . The Begleitkommando - SS was formed in 1932 to provide general protection to Adolf Hitler and other party functionaries . A smaller eight - man team called the SS - Begleitkommando des Führers protected Hitler as he travelled around Germany . The Begleitkommando - SS , which cooperated with other agencies providing security , such as the Ordnungspolizei and Gestapo , handled all inner security requirements whereas outer protection was handled by general SS units . In 1934 the Führerschutzkommando replaced the Begleitkommando for protection throughout Germany . The entire group then became part of the Reichssicherheitsdienst ( Reich Security Service ) or RSD on August 1 , 1935 .
495th Fighter Group The 495th Fighter Group ( 495 FG ) is an Air Force Reserve Command ( AFRC ) unit , part of the Air Reserve Component ( ARC ) of the United States Air Force . It is assigned to the Ninth Air Force , Air Combat Command , stationed at Shaw Air Force Base , South Carolina , with additional geographically separated units ( GSUs ) at multiple active Air Force , Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard installations across the United States . Overview . The 495 FG was reactivated as an Air Combat Command associate unit in March 2013 . The role of the new group is to help the Air Force produce more qualified F - 16 and A - 10 pilots and provide skilled maintainers to assist in the maintenance of the same aircraft .
D - class blimp The D class blimp was a patrol airship designed by the US Navy in the early 1920s . The D - type blimps were slightly larger than the C - type and had many detail improvements . The Navy continued the practice of dividing the envelop production between Goodyear and Goodrich . The control cars were manufactured by the Naval Aircraft Factory . The major improvements were a better control car design . The engines were moved to the rear to reduce noise and allow better communications between crew members . The fuel tanks were suspended from the sides of the envelope . The envelope was identical to the C - type , except an additional six foot panel was inserted for a total length of and a volume of . Operational history . The D - 1 burned the day of its first flight in the Goodyear hangar at Wingfoot Lake , Ohio . The D - 2 , D - 3 , D - 4 and D - 5 were transferred to the United States Army which the Air Ship Board had given the primary role of operating non - rigid airships after World War I . D - 1 participated as an observation and photography aircraft at the famed " Mitchell " bombing test of 1921 . D - 3 also participated in the Mitchell bombing trials , tested experimental mooring masts , D - 3 also participated in early " hook - on " experiments to see if it was possible for an airplane to fly up to and hook onto a trapeze hanging from an airship . No actual hook - ons were achieved , but approaches were practiced . D - 4 also participated in the Mitchell trials , and in observation jobs . The D - 5 was never operated by the Army with that designation . After the loss of D - 2 , the D - 5 was erected with more powerful 180 hp Wright V engines and flown as the D - 2 - 2 . The Navy retained one additional D - type , the D - 6 . The D - 6 was built by the Naval Aircraft Factory , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , but her design was sufficiently different to separate her from the other five D - class airships . It featured a further improved control car ( the " D - 1 Enclosed Cabin Car ) which had a water tight bottom for landings on water and internal fuel tanks . The D - 6 was burned in the Naval Air Station Rockaway hangar fire of 31 August 1921 along with two small dirigibles , the C - 10 and the H - 1 and the kite balloon A - P . The last operational D - type , the D - 3 was apparently deflated by the Army in early 1924 .