naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Hans Röhrig Hans Röhrig ( 4 November 1919 – 13 July 1943 ) was a former German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . Hans Röhrig was credited with 75 victories . He recorded 56 victories over the Eastern front and 19 victories recorded over the Western front . In the War . Hans Röhrig was first assigned to " Erprobungsgruppe " 210 . He flew many fighter - bomber missions over England during the Battle of Britain and according to one source , recorded five aerial victories during this time but those victories remain unconfirmed . On 1 May 1941 , Röhrig was transferred to JG 53 stationed on the Eastern front . He recorded his first victory on 25 July , when he shot down a Russian DB - 3 twin - engine bomber . Röhrig relocated with 3 . / JG 53 to the Mediterranean theatre at the end of 1941 . From bases in Sicily , he flew missions over Malta but was unable to add any further victory during this time . In May 1942 , I . / JG 53 relocated back to the Eastern front . On 6 August 1942 " Leutnant " Hans Röhrig ( flying Bf . 109G - 2 W . Nr 13480 ) was shot down by a Yak - 1 fighter , apparently flown by Soviet ace " Starshiy Leytenant " Mikhail Baranov ( 183 IAP , 269 IAD ) . At that time Röhrig had eight victories to his credit . Röhrig claimed his 10th victory on 20 August . In September , Röhrig was particularly successful recording 39 victories during the month . On September 1942 , Röhrig had reached 56 victories . His unit , I . / JG 53 were again relocated to the Mediterranean theatre in late September 1942 . Leutnant Röhrig was awarded the " Ritterkreuz " on 2 October 1942 . During October , the unit operated over Malta to participate into bomber escort missions . In November 1942 , Röhrig was appointed " Staffelkapitän " of 9 . / JG 53 . He successfully led the unit during the campaigns in Tunisia and Sicily . He recorded his last victories , two USAAF P - 38 twin - engine fighters , over Sicily on 11 July 1943 . He shot down another two USAAF P - 38 on the same day . On 13 July 1943 , Röhrig led 9 . / JG 53 escorting Junkers Ju 52 transport aircraft to drop paratroops on the Catania plains . He failed to return from the mission , being shot down and killed by RAF Spitfire fighters which intercepted the escort mission . Röhrig was posthumously promoted to " Hauptmann " .
Airship NS11 crash The Airship NS11 crash was an airship accident which occurred on 15 July 1919 . The Royal Air Force ( RAF ) airship exploded off the east coast of England over the North Sea , killing all nine crew on board . Aircraft . NS11 was one of 14 " North Sea " - class airships ordered by the Royal Navy for the Royal Naval Air Service , but by the time NS11 was delivered in September 1918 , the Royal Naval Air Service had been amalgamated with the Royal Flying Corps to form the RAF . The airship was built and tested at RNAS Kingsnorth near Kingsnorth in Kent . She was fitted with two 260 hp Fiat engines and had an envelope with a capacity of 360 , 000 cubic feet . Prior to the accident , she had made voyages of more than 1000 miles over the North Sea , setting a world record for non - rigid airships . Accident . NS11 had taken off from RAF Pulham in Pulham St Mary , Norfolk around midnight on the night of 14 / 15 July 1919 and was heading over the North Sea on a mine - hunting patrol . In the early hours of 15 July , she was seen to fly beneath a long " greasy black cloud " off the village of Cley next the Sea on the Norfolk coast when locals reported an abnormal noise from her engines ( which may have suggested she was experiencing engine trouble ) . She was returning towards the coast when she exploded into a ball of flames , causing a vivid glare lasting for a several minutes as the burning airship descended , finally plunging into the sea after a second explosion . None of the nine crew members on board the airship survived . The Sheringham lifeboat was launched but its crew could only find a small part of the aluminium wreckage . The accident occurred less than 48 hours after the airship R34 arrived at RAF Pulham after a successful double - crossing of the Atlantic Ocean , including the first - ever East - West crossing by air . Cause . The findings of the official Court of Enquiry were inconclusive , but amongst other possibilities it was thought that a lightning strike may have caused the explosion . Aftermath . There is a memorial plaque and drinking fountain in the grounds of the Viaduct Sports & Social Club in Earlestown , Merseyside . The names of the crew are commemorated on Hollybrook Memorial , Southampton . One of the crew was buried at Ann ’ s Hill Cemetery in Gosport .
MV Alexia MV " Alexia " was one of nine Royal Dutch / Shell oil tankers converted to become a Merchant Aircraft Carrier ( MAC ship ) . The group is collectively known as the " Rapana " class . MV " Alexia " was built at Bremer Vulkan and completed in April , 1935 as an oil tanker for the Anglo Saxon Royal Dutch / Shell line . She was converted to a MAC ship , entering service in December 1943 . As a MAC ship , she had no aircraft hangar , and continued to carry normal cargoes , although operating under Royal Navy control . Only her air crew and the necessary maintenance staff were naval personnel . At the end of the war , " Alexia " was reconverted to an oil tanker , and renamed " Ianthina " in 1951 . She served in this capacity until broken up for scrap at Blyth in 1954 .
Types of swords This is a list of types of sword s . The term sword is here used in a narrow sense . This is not a general list of bladed weapons and does not include the machete or similar " sword - like " weapons . Western swords . Renaissance and early modern . 16th to 17th centuries Modern . 18th and 19th centuries Near Eastern sword ( " scimitar " ) . All of the Islamic world during the 16th to 18th century , including the Ottoman Empire , Persia and Mughal India , were influenced by the " saif " or " scimitar " type of single - edged curved sword . Via the Mameluke sword this also gave rise to the European cavalry sabre . Conversely , the term for the western sword in Arabic was " firangi " ( i . e . " Frankish " ) . Terms for the " scimitar " curved sword : South and Southeast Asia . While the scimitar also spread to North India in the form of the Talwar , there are is also an autochthonous sword of the straight form in India , known as the Khanda . Swords and knives found in Southeast Asia are influenced by Indian , Far Eastern ( Chinese ) as well as Near Eastern ( Muslim ) and European ( Spanish ) forms .
Elad Peled Elad Peled ( born 1927 ) is a former Israeli general . He commanded the 36th Division , which operated in the West Bank during the Six - Day War . In the 1948 Arab – Israeli War he was a squad commander in the Palmach . He was also later involved in the Yom Kippur War . After retirement , he obtained the position of Director General of the Ministry of Education and Culture .
Coolavokig Ambush The Coolavokig Ambush ( ) was an ambush carried out by the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) on 25 February 1921 , during the Irish War of Independence . It took place at Coolavokig ( on the road between Macroom and Ballyvourney ) , County Cork . It involved the IRA ' s 1st Cork Brigade under Seán O ' Hegarty , and a unit of the Auxiliary Division under Major Seafield Grant . Preparations . The IRA Column had been attempting to ambush the Auxiliaries for two weeks but had always missed them . As they occupied the ambush position over a few days their position became known and a force of 70 Auxiliaries and 7 RIC constables moved against them . The force of 62 IRA included units from the 1st , 7th , and 8th battalions of the 1st Cork Brigade , and was divided into four sections . Apart from Seán O ' Hegarty the main IRA officers were Dan " Sandow " O ' Donovan and Dan Corkery . The IRA was armed with sixty rifles , several shotguns and revolvers , and two Lewis gun s . The British forces , travelling in eight lorries and two cars , also carried four Irish hostages with them . Battle . Around 8am on 25 February , scouts signalled the approach of the British force . They were forewarned about the IRA position however , and approached with caution . When half of the lorries came into the ambush position the IRA opened fire . The Auxiliaries were quickly losing ground and taking casualties . Major Grant was killed while rallying his forces . The British forces retreated into two nearby cottages . The IRA closed in and as they were preparing to bomb the cottages , large numbers of RIC reinforcements approached and began encircling the area . After fighting a half - hour rear guard action the flying column retreated towards the north - west . The engagement at Coolavokig lasted four hours . Aftermath . It later transpired that the Auxiliary forces were just part of a large round - up operation planned for that day which included 600 British Army troops from Cork , Ballincollig , Bandon , Clonakilty , Skibbereen , Bantry , Dunmanway , Millstreet , Macroom , and Killarney . After the ambush British forces ceased raiding and patrolling the area west of Macroom , effectively handing it over to IRA control . The IRA suffered no casualties . However , the number of British casualties has been disputed to this day . The British claimed that only Major ( Auxiliary Commandant ) James Seafield - Grant was killed during the ambush , and that two other Auxiliaries later died of their wounds ( see ) . The IRA claimed that between 14 and 16 members of the British force were killed .
Arado Ar 79 The Arado Ar 79 was a German aircraft of the 1930s , designed as an aerobatic two - seat trainer and touring aircraft . The Ar 79 was a monoplane with retractable , tailwheel undercarriage . The wings were fabric over plywood , and the forward fuselage was fabric over steel tube , and the rear fuselage was monocoque structure . Operational history . The Ar 79 set a number of speed records in 1938 :
James A . Norton James Albert Norton ( November 11 , 1843 – July 24 , 1912 ) was a U . S . Representative from Ohio . Biography . Norton was born in Bettsville , Ohio and attended the district schools where he graduated from Tiffin High School . During the Civil War he enlisted in the Union Army in August 1862 . He was a sergeant in Company K , One Hundred and First Regiment , Ohio Volunteer Infantry . He was later promoted to first lieutenant and adjutant of the One Hundred and Twenty - third Regiment , United States Colored Infantry , in 1864 . He mustered out of the service in 1865 . Postbellum . After the war Norton studied medicine and commenced practice in Ohio in 1867 and continued in that profession until 1879 . He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1879 . He served as member of the State house of representatives 1873 - 1879 , and as chairman of the State Democratic committee 1887 - 1892 . From 1885 - 1892 he served as County auditor and as commissioner of railroads and telegraphs from 1889 to 1895 , when he resigned to accept a position in the legal department of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co . . Norton was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty - fifth , Fifty - sixth , and Fifty - seventh Congresses ( March 4 , 1897 - March 3 , 1903 ) . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1902 to the Fifty - eighth Congress and resumed legal service with the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad . He died July 24 , 1912 in Tiffin , Ohio and was interred in a mausoleum in Green Lawn Cemetery .
Battle of Harpsdale The Battle of Harpsdale ( Battle of Achardale , Battle of Harpasdal ) was a Scottish clan battle fought in 1426 at Achardale , about south of Thurso . The Clan Mackay had invaded Caithness from the west and Harpsdale was where the local clans of Gunn and Keith chose to make a stand . Despite great slaughter on both sides , the battle appears to have been inconclusive . Battle . Sir Robert Gordon ( 1580 - 1656 ) wrote an account of the battle in his book , the " Genealogical History of the Earldom of Sutherland " : " In the days of Robert , Earl of Sutherland , the year 1426 , Angus - Dow Mackay , and his son Niel , assembling all the forces of Strathnaver , they entered into Caithness with all hostility , and spoiled the same . The inhabitants of Caithness convened with all diligence , and fought against Angus - Dow Mackay at Harpsdale , where there was great slaughter on either side . The report hereof came to the ears of King James the First , who thereupon came north to Inverness , of intention to pursue Angus - Dow Mackay . Hearing of the king ' s being at Inverness , he came and submitted himself to the king ' s mercy , and gave his son Niel in pledge for his good obedience from thenceforward : which submission the king accepted , and sent Niel Mackay to remain in captivity on the Bass Rock who from thenceforth was always called Niel - Bass Mackay . Aftermath . In the aftermath of this and several other battles , including Harlaw , King James I of Scotland assembled a Parliament at Inverness in spring 1427 to restore order in the Highlands . Many Highland chiefs were arrested and punished including Alexander MacDonald , Lord of the Isles and his mother Mary , the Countess of Ross . After the battle , when he heard that the King was at Inverness , Angus Du Mackay came and submitted himself to the King ' s mercy and gave his son Neil in pledge of his obedience in time coming . The King accepted and sent Neil Mackay to remain in captivity on the Bass Rock in the Firth of Forth . Afterwards he was called Neil Wasse Mackay . Angus Dow Mackay , who was called the " leader of 4000 Mackays " of Strathnavern was arrested as well as Kenneth More , John Ross , William Leslie , Angus Murray and Macmaken , each of them also a chief of 2000 . Two men were tried , condemned and beheaded . One of them , who had murdered the late Lord of the Isles , was also executed in impartial justice . The others were scattered as prisoners in different castles and time after time , some were condemned to death and some were restored to liberty .
Raynolds Expedition The Raynolds Expedition was a United States Army exploring and mapping party which left St . Louis , Missouri May 29 , 1859 and was intended to map the unexplored territory between Fort Pierre , Dakota Territory and headwaters of the Yellowstone River . Led by experienced explorer and topographical engineer Captain William F . Raynolds , other members included photographer James D . Hutton , geologist and naturalist Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden . The expedition was guided by legendary mountain man Jim Bridger .
Howard G . Bunker Howard G . Bunker ( April 26 , 1905 – February 24 , 1994 ) was a Major General in the United States Air Force . Biography . Bunker was born in South Bend , Indiana in 1905 . He would attend the University of Wisconsin - Madison . Bunker died on February 24 , 1994 . Career . Bunker graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1928 . He was originally assigned to the Coast Artillery Corps before transferring to the Air Corps . During World War II he served with the United States Strategic Air Forces in Europe . Later in his career he served in the Office of the Inspector General of the Air Force . Awards he received include the Legion of Merit , the Bronze Star Medal , and the Croix de guerre . Bunker was also a Member of the Order of the British Empire .
3rd Medical Battalion The 3d Medical Battalion ( 3D MED BN ) is a medical support unit of the United States Marine Corps and is headquartered at Camp Foster , Okinawa , Japan . The unit falls under the command of 3rd Marine Logistics Group . Mission . To provide direct and general Health Service Support to III MEF in order to sustain the combat effort across the full spectrum of MAGTF operations .
9 cm Feldkanone M 75 / 96 The 9 cm Feldkanone M 75 / 96 was a field gun used by Austria - Hungary during World War I , a modernized version of the M 75 field gun . Virtually all the M 76s were upgraded during 1898 . For cost reasons the new gun retained the bronze barrel of the original , although it was actually redesigned to withstand the more powerful propellants coming into use . A touch hole lock was added to prevent accidental misfiring when the breech was open . A spring - mounted spade brake reduced recoil from 5 – 6 metres to 80 centimetres , although it only worked if the spade was buried in the ground . A depression lever was added to elevate the carriage ' s trail to allow the gun greater depression in mountainous areas . Many guns had shields added after the outbreak of World War I .
1st Topographic Platoon The 1st Topographic Platoon is a military unit located on Camp Pendleton , California . It is composed of members of the Geographic Intelligence Specialist Military Occupational Specialty ( MOS ) 0261 . Most members of the 0261 field are highly trained intelligence operators with extensive knowledge of geospatial intelligence , terrain analysis , land navigation techniques , datums and ellipsoids , coordinate systems , and cartography that make them a valuable asset to the Marine Expeditionary Force . All members are required to attend a 7 - month course at the National Geospatial - Intelligence College on Fort Belvoir , Virginia . The majority of the platoon is currently deployed to Afghanistan with the I Marine Expeditionary Force ( Fwd ) on Camp Leatherneck .
3rd Division ( South Vietnam ) The 3rd Division of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam ( ARVN ) — the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975 — was part of the I Corps that oversaw the northernmost region of South Vietnam , the centre of Vietnam . History . The 3rd Division was based in Quang Ngai , around 300 km south of the DMZ . The Division was initially raised in October 1971 in Quảng Trị . One regiment was from the 1st Division ( the 2nd Inf Regt ) . Composed of 2nd Inf Regt , 56th Inf Regt , and 57th Inf Regt . Based at Da Nang . Collapsed in the 1972 Easter Offensive and was reconstituted and destroyed at Da Nang in 1975 .
German submarine U - 579 German submarine " U - 579 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out no patrols and sank no ships . She was sunk in the Kattegat by a British aircraft , in May 1945 . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 31 August 1940 at " Blohm & Voss " , Hamburg as ' werk ' 555 , launched on 28 May 1941 and commissioned on 17 July under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Dietrich Lohmann . She served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla from 17 July 1941 , the 24th flotilla from 27 May 1942 , the 23rd flotilla from 1 September 1943 and the 4th flotilla from 1 March 1945 , all for training . Operational career . The boat had been sunk in the Baltic Sea in October 1941 . She was raised and returned to service in April 1942 . Fate . " U - 579 " was sunk in the Kattegat east of Aarhus in Denmark on 5 May 1945 by depth charge s from a British B - 24 Liberator of No . 547 Squadron RAF . Twenty - four men died with " U - 579 " ; the number of survivors is not known .
Maryland Scroll The Maryland Scroll is an American Civil War artifact . It consists of a pencil drawing of a scroll with an unfurling banner above it . It was drawn on March 16 , 1863 by one or more unknown members of James Breathed ' s Battery on the wall of the Graffiti House , in Brandy Station , Virginia . Scroll contents . The unfurling banner ( also known as the horizontal scroll ) reads : " " Rifle Gun " " and " " No . 1 , Stuart Horse Artillery / Breathed ' s Battery / On Picket - March 16 , 1863 " " The main scroll , or vertical scroll lists the names of the fourteen soldiers in the artillery unit , as well as officers Sgt . Henry Thomas and Cpl . F . Gibson . The other names on the scroll ( which are numbered 1 to 14 ) in order : George W . McCabe , H . Hopkins , S . Owens , H Greenwell , H . Wagner , E . Russell , W . Hopkins , F . Yates , A Muth , B . Evans , H . Wickes , W . Evans , U . Haller , and H . Boyd . On March 17 , 1863 , the day after the scroll was created , the men named on it fought at the Battle of Kelly ' s Ford . History . Used as a hospital and meeting place by both Union and Confederate armies during the Civil War , the house now known as the Graffiti House was near demolition in 1993 . When salvage efforts uncovered the extensive historical graffiti in the upper floor of the house , the Maryland Scroll was removed from the wall and placed in a private collection of Civil War memorabilia . The people of nearby Culpeper , Virginia sought to have the scroll returned to the Graffiti House , and this was accomplished in January 2004 after the acquisition of the scroll by the Brandy Station Foundation . The scroll currently sits in a glass case in the house ' s " South Room " , with a photograph on the wall showing its original position .
Harold G . Overstreet Sergeant Major Harold G . Overstreet , USMC , was the 12th Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps ( 1991 – 1995 ) . Biography . Overstreet was born in December 1944 in Houston , Texas He entered the United States Marine Corps in June 1966 and completed recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego , followed by Basic Infantry Training School at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton . Upon completion of training , Overstreet reported to Staging Battalion at Camp Pendleton , for further assignment to the 1st Military Police Battalion , 3rd Marine Division , Republic of Vietnam . Returning to the states , he was reassigned to the Infantry Training Regiment at Camp Pendleton . He subsequently completed successful tours on the Inspector - Instructor staff , Wichita , Kansas ; recruiting duty in Des Moines , Iowa , and Detroit , Michigan ; and finally returned to MCRD San Diego in various drill instructor roles : junior drill instructor , senior drill instructor , Series Gunnery Sergeant , and Chief Instructor . Reassigned to the Drill Instructor School , he was an Instructor , Drill Master , and Chief Instructor . After completing First Sergeant School , Overstreet was assigned to Special Projects at Drill Instructor School , where he undertook the task of completely transferring the Drill Manual onto video tape for a more optimal use during instructional periods . His promotion to first sergeant in February 1979 led to his second assignment on Okinawa as the First Sergeant for Headquarters and Service Company , 9th Engineer Support Battalion . Upon his return from overseas , he was the First Sergeant of both Companies B and C , 1st Battalion 4th Marines at Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms . Promoted to his present rank in October 1983 , Sergeant Major Overstreet became the Inspector Sergeant Major at MCAGCC Twentynine Palms . Returning to Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego , he served as a Battalion and Regimental Sergeant Major in the Recruit Training Regiment . Transferring to Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune , he served as the 6th Marine Regiment ' s Sergeant Major . This assignment was followed by duty as Sergeant Major for the 12th Marine Regiment , on Okinawa . On 6 April 1990 , Sergeant Major Overstreet was posted as Depot Sergeant Major at San Diego . He was selected as the 12th Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps in April 1991 , and assumed the post on 28 June 1991 . He retired in 1995 . In February 2007 , Overstreet founded Veterans Direct Inc . , a Texas ( C ) corporation and launched Veteran Caskets and Marine Caskets . He is now on the board of directors for the Young Marines . Awards and decorations . Sergeant Major Overstreet ' s personal decorations include :