naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of the Siler River The Battle of the Siler River was the final , decisive action of the Roman Servile Wars . Marcus Licinius Crassus trapped Spartacus in Bruttium by building a 40 mile long system of ditches and walls . After a failed truce , Spartacus gathered his army together for battle . He ordered his horse to be brought to him , drew his sword , and slew the animal . He proclaimed to his troops that if he should win the day , he would have many horses to choose from , but if he should lose the upcoming battle and the Romans should win the day , he would not need one . After launching several skirmishing attacks on the Romans ' defenses , Spartacus and about 50 , 000 of his men were able to break through and escape from Crassus ' legions . Battle . On the banks of the Siler River , Spartacus ' army finally met up with the Roman legions of Crassus on the open battlefield . The gladiators charged at the Roman ranks , colliding with a wall of shields and swords . Though Spartacus and his men fought hard and took down many Roman soldiers , they were slowly being slaughtered one by one . During the battle , Spartacus tried to reach Crassus , who was watching him from a distance on his horse , killing two centurion s in the struggle . According to Appian , the rebel leader was crippled in one leg and was forced to drop down on his knees , but he refused to back down and continued to fight , until he was killed . At the end of the battle , Crassus and his men were the ones who achieved the victory , though they too had suffered some casualties . According to Appian , the number of dead on both sides were extremely high and impossible to count . Though Appian claims that about 1 , 000 Romans were killed , perhaps more were killed . Spartacus had also died in the battle , but his body was never recovered . Modern estimates engage the number of gladiator casualties were as high as 36 , 000 killed , while about 1 , 000 or more Roman soldiers had fallen in the battle . Six thousand survivors of the revolt were captured and crucified on Crassus ' orders , while 5 , 000 others who escaped from Crassus ' troops were captured and killed by the Spanish legions under Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus in possibly northern Italy .
Fault line war A fault line war is one that takes place between two or more identity groups ( usually religious or ethnic ) from different civilizations . It is a communal conflict between states or groups from different civilizations that has become violent . These wars may take place between states , between nongovernmental groups , or between states and nongovernmental groups . Most often , the issue in a fault line war is often territory , but it could also be over the control of people . Such wars within states may involve groups that are predominantly located in different territories or groups that are intermixed . In the latter , violence often erupts periodically . The issue at stake in a fault line war is very symbolic for at least one of the groups involved . Because the issue is one of fundamental identity , these wars are longer and more difficult to resolve than conventional warfare . And even when agreements are reached , the groups are rarely fully satisfied , and often the hatred is only dissolved through genocide .
Admiral Ushakov - class coastal defense ship The " Admiral Ushakov " - class were coastal defense battleship s built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the 1890s to counter armored ships of the Swedish Navy . All three ships were stationed in the Baltic Sea when the Russo - Japanese war began and sailed with the Baltic Fleet around the Cape of Good Hope to the Pacific . Two ships were captured by the Japanese and one was scuttled during the Battle of Tsushima . Design . General characteristics . They had an overall length of , a beam of , and a draft of at deep load . They displaced . Propulsion . The " Admiral Ushakov " s used vertical triple expansion steam engines that produced . They were fed by 8 cylindrical coal - fired boilers , except in which only had four boilers . The engines drove 2 shafts for a maximum speed of . They carried of coal at normal load and at deep load . Armament . The " Admiral Ushakov " s had four 45 - caliber guns in two twin - gun turrets , mounted fore and after of the superstructure , except for , whose rear turret only had a single gun . Their secondary armament consisted of four guns mounted in casemate s at the corners of the superstructure . Armor . Their armor consisted of a waterline belt long that protected the ship ' s vitals . It tapered down to at the ends where it met bulkheads thick that protected the ends of the ship . The deck was thick . The turret s and the conning tower had of armor . Harvey armour was used throughout . In service . Russo - Japanese War . The three " Admiral Ushakov " s were assigned to the 3rd Pacific Squadron , under the command of Rear - Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov , and sailed on 2 February 1905 to reinforce Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky ' s 2nd Pacific Squadron en route to the Pacific . They left the Baltic Sea and sailed around Europe , through the length of the Mediterranean Sea , through the Suez Canal , across the Indian Ocean , into the South China Sea where they rendezvoused at Van Fong in French Indochina on 26 April . They departed the anchorage on 1 May and encountered the Japanese fleet on 14 May at what would be called the Battle of Tsushima . For most of the first part of the battle Nebogatov ' s ships trailed the more powerful 2nd Squadron and were largely ignored by the Japanese so his ships were in good shape when night fell . " Admiral Siniavin " had not been hit at all , although " Admiral Ushakov " had had her bow smashed . He had ordered his ships to turn north to make for Vladivostok earlier in the day , after Admiral Rozhestvensky had been wounded , but he ordered a turn to the southwest to evade Japanese torpedo boats during the evening , but turned north during the night . " Admiral Ushakov " could not make the required speed to keep up and fell out . She was either sunk or scuttled by her crew during the following morning . " Admiral Seniavin " and " General Admiral Graf Apraksin " remained with him and surrendered the following morning when he was spotted by the Japanese fleet .
Oda Nobutada In 1582 , his father was forced to commit suicide when one of his generals , Akechi Mitsuhide , turned on him ( see Incident at Honnōji ) . Nobutada fled to Azuchi Castle , where he was set upon by Akechi ' s men and forced to commit suicide himself .
Sir Charles Hamilton , 2nd Baronet , of Trebinshun House Sir Charles Hamilton , 2nd Baronet ( 25 May 1767 – 14 September 1849 ) was a British naval officer and governor of Newfoundland . Hamilton was born in Britain in 1767 . He began his naval career at the age of nine on his father ' s ship , the " Hector " . He attended the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth from 1777 to 1779 . He commanded a number of vessels in the Royal Navy and was also a member of the British parliament several times between 1790 and 1812 while still serving in the Royal Navy . He became baronet of Trebinshun on his father ' s death in 1784 . From 1814 to 1817 , he was Lieutenant Governor of Heligoland . He served as resident governor for the colony of Newfoundland from 1818 to 1823 . During this period , he oversaw the reconstruction of St . John ' s following fires in 1818 and 1819 . Although he was charged with promoting agriculture , he was soon discouraged by the poor soils of the island . The economy of the island was depressed due to decreased demand for Newfoundland cod and Hamilton encouraged diversification of the fisheries to include whales , seals and salmon . His wife , Lady Hamilton , painted a well - known portrait of Demasduwit , also called Mary March , a Beothuk woman captured in 1818 . Hamilton was made an admiral on 22 July 1830 , and died at the family home at Iping , West Sussex in 1849 .
16th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry The 16th New York Volunteer Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . A detachment of the 16th New York had the distinction of killing Lincoln assassin John Wilkes Booth and apprehending accomplice David Herold . Service . The regiment was organized and Plattsburg , New York and mustered into service from June 19 to September 15 , 1863 . Consisting of eleven companies of cavalry , Companies A , B , C , and D of the 16th New York took part in the Gettysburg Campaign . The regiment was then dispatched to the defense of Washington D . C . and assigned to the Cavalry Brigade of the XXII Corps of the Department of Washington . Until the end of the Civil War the 16th New York was repeatedly in action in Northern Virginia and fought a number of engagements against Confederate cavalry commanded by John S . Mosby . On August 8 , 1864 Capt . James H . Fleming of Company M was killed in action near Fairfax , Virginia . Fleming was the only officer of the 16th New York Cavalry to die in the Civil War . Before dawn on April 26 , 1865 a detachment of the 16th New York Cavalry under the command of Lt . Edward P . Doherty cornered Lincoln assassins Booth and Herold in a tobacco barn near Port Royal , Virginia . Herold surrendered but Booth refused and was shot by Sgt . Boston Corbett . Each of the 26 enlisted men of the 16th Cavalry that participated in the capture received $ 1 , 658 . 58 in reward money . On August 17 , 1865 , the 16th New York Cavalry was consolidated with the 13th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry ; the new organization receiving the designation , 3rd Regiment New York Provisional Cavalry . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 1 officer and 20 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 119 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 140 fatalities .
Walter W . Hess Walter Wood Hess , Jr . ( March 17 , 1892 – April 10 , 1972 ) was an United States Army officer with the rank of Brigadier General . He is most famous for his leadership as the Artillery Commander of the 36th Infantry Division . Early life . Walter Wood Hess , Jr . was born on March 1892 in Pennsylvania . He attended the United States Military Academy at West Point , New York and graduated as the part of the The class the stars fell on in 1915 . There were ultimately 59 generals in that graduating class . For example : Dwight D . Eisenhower , Omar N . Bradley , James Van Fleet , Henry Aurand or Stafford LeRoy Irwin . He served in France during World War I as an artillery officer commanding a battalion . He participated in the Meuse - Argonne Offensive and Ypres - Lys Offensives . World War II . He was appointed an Artillery officer of the 36th Infantry Division in November 1943 . He succeeded Brigadier general Miles A . Cowles in this capacity . Hess participated with the 36th Division in landing at Salerno , Battle of Monte Cassino , Battle of Anzio , Operation Dragoon and Colmar Pocket . For his leadership of the 36th Infantry Division Artillery , Hess was awarded with Legion of Merit and other awards . Postwar career . After inactivation of the 36th Infantry Division in December 1945 , Hess was transferred to Fort Bragg in North Carolina , where he was appointed as Assistant Commanding General of the Field Artillery Replacement Training Center . Following year , Hess was appointed as Commanding General of that center and succeeded Major general Donald C . Cubbison . Hess stayed in this capacity just for a short time , because he was transferred back to the Europe in 1946 and appointed a Chief of U . S . Military Liaison Mission to Soviet Zone in Germany . He served there until year 1949 , when he was ordered back to the United States and appointed as Executive Officer of the Minnesota Military District . His last command was as Commandant of Fort Carson in Colorado from 1950 to 1952 , when he retired . Brigadier general Walter W . Hess . Jr . died on April 10 , 1972 and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery together with his wife Ada E . Hess ( 1893 - 1972 ) .
Coleman Kaserne Coleman Kaserne ( original German names : " Gelnhausen Kaserne " ) was a United States Army base located in the German city of Gelnhausen , located in the state of Hessen . Coleman Kaserne should not be confused with the U . S . Army " Coleman Barracks " which is located in Mannheim . Kaserne is a German word for barracks . Built for the Wehrmacht , construction of the base was started in 1933 and completed in 1936 . It was the garrison of the Wehrmacht ' s 9th Anti - Tank Battalion ( " Panzer - Abwehrabteilung 9 " , abbreviated as " PzAbwAbt 9 " ) . As part of the German 9th Infantry Division , " PzAbwAbt 9 " departed for the Western Front in September 1939 ( ultimately , the unit was assigned to the war against the Soviet Union ) ; it never returned to Gelnhausen . The " Kaserne " was captured by the U . S . Army in 1945 . In the late 1940s the kaserne was simply called Gelnhausen Kaserne . In 1947 a segregated unit , the 547th Engineer Construction Battalion , was stationed at Gelnhausen Kaserne . In 1948 the 547th was redesignated as an Engineer Combat Battalion , and was assigned to the U . S . Constabulary . The 547th relocated from Gelnhausen to Darmstadt in August , 1951 . Also , Gelnhausen Kaserne was temporary home for Headquarters , 14th Armored Cavalry Regiment of the U . S . Constabulary in the late 1940s . Coleman Kaserne received its name in 1950 . It was named for Lt Kenneth W . Coleman , a Black soldier who was assigned to the 761st Tank Battalion , and who was killed in combat in the autumn of 1944 in NW Europe . He received the Silver Star . Occupied by the 4th Infantry Division ( 4th ID ) from 1951 to 1956 , the 3rd Armored Division ( 3rd AD ) from Fort Knox , Kentucky , moved into the Coleman Kaserne on 30 June 1956 , replacing the 4th ID , which rotated to Fort Lewis , Washington . Coleman Kaserne was ultimately home to the 3rd AD ' s 2nd Brigade . 2nd Brigade was created in the 1963 ROAD conversion ( ROAD : Reorganization Objective Army Division , an Army initiative to reorganize the structure of their divisions ) ; this essentially renamed 3rd AD ' s previous command at the base , " Combat Command B " . Initial ROAD - authorized battalions at Coleman Kaserne were 1st Battalion , 33rd Armor ; 1st and 2nd Battalions , 48th Infantry ( Mechanized ) ( the 1st Bn is currently a Basic Training Unit at Fort Leonard Wood , Missouri ) ; and the 2nd Battalion , 6th Field Artillery . Support units assigned to Coleman Kaserne were the 503rd Military Police and Company E , 122nd Maintenance Battalion . Following 3rd AD inactivation in 1992 , the part of the Coleman Kaserne complex known as Coleman Village became a bedroom community for the 414th Base Support Battalion ( BSB ) . Coleman Village then became quarters for married personnel and their families assigned to the 1st Armored Division ' s 1st Squadron of the 1st Cavalry Regiment aka " The Blackhawk Squadron " , located at Armstrong Barracks in Büdingen . Shortly thereafter , however , Coleman Kaserne was returned to the German authorities and was temporarily used to house refugees seeking asylum .
Andreas Hagl Andreas Hagl ( 21 April 1911 – 28 July 1944 ) was a highly decorated Major in the Fallschirmjäger during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Andreas Hagl was murdered by Italian partisans on 28 July 1944 near San Vito di Leguzzano , Italy .
Phenacyl chloride Phenacyl chloride is a substituted acetophenone . It is a useful building block in organic chemistry . Apart from that , it has been historically used as a riot control agent , where it is designated CN . Preparation . Phenacyl chloride is readily available commercially . It may be synthesized by the Friedel - Crafts acylation of benzene using chloroacetyl chloride , with an aluminium chloride catalyst : Riot control agent . It was investigated , but not used , during the First and Second World War s . Because of its significantly greater toxicity , it has largely been supplanted by CS gas . Even though CN is still supplied to paramilitary and police forces in a small pressurized aerosol known as “ Mace ” or tear gas , its use is falling as pepper spray both works and disperses more quickly than CN . The term " Mace " came into being because it was the brand - name invented by one of the first American manufacturers of CN aerosol sprays . Subsequently , Mace became synonymous with tear - gas sprays in the same way that Kleenex has become strongly associated with tissue paper s ( a phenomenon known as a genericized trademark ) . Like CS gas , this compound irritates the mucous membrane s ( oral , nasal , conjunctiva l and tracheobronchial ) . Sometimes it can give rise to more generalized reactions such as syncope , temporary loss of balance and orientation . More rarely , cutaneous irritating outbreaks have been observed and allergic contact permanent dermatitis . At high concentrations CN has caused corneal epithelial damage and chemosis . It has also accounted for at least five deaths , which have resulted from pulmonary injury and / or asphyxia .
501st Military Intelligence Brigade ( United States ) The 501st Military Intelligence Brigade is a United States Army formation , assigned to the U . S . Army Intelligence and Security Command under the operational control of U . S . Forces Korea located in South Korea . The 501st MI Brigade conducts theater level multi - discipline intelligence , Aerial Intelligence Surveillance & Reconnaissance , and security operations in support of Eighth United States Army , U . S . Army Pacific , U . S . Pacific Command , U . S . Forces Korea , and other national level agencies .
Albert Jenkins ( rugby union ) Albert Jenkins ( 11 March 1895 – 7 October 1953 ) was an international rugby player for Wales and played club rugby for Llanelli RFC between 1919 and 1928 . Jenkins was one of the greatest backs to have played for Llanelli and is compared to later Scarlet heroes Lewis Jones and Phil Bennett . Jenkins was a strong tackler and was an extremely fast runner from a standing start . He was also an excellent kicker with either foot and could punt the ball half the length of the pitch . He was sometimes criticised for his decision making on the field , and wasn ' t at his best away from Stradey Park . Jenkins is seen as on of Llanelli ' s greatest players but unfortunately for Jenkins he was at his peak when Welsh rugby was at one of its worst points in its history . Club career . Jenkins played for Llanelli juniors but on the outbreak of World War I Jenkins joined the British Army and served in France in the 38th Welsh Regiment . On his return in 1919 , Jenkins rejoined Llanelli and gained a position in the senior team . He would later play for Llanelli against the New Zealand All Blacks , losing in 1924 , but beating them 3 - 0 in 1926 . International career . Jenkins played fourteen matches for Wales , his first cap was against England on 14 January 1920 just four months after his Llanelli debut . His greatest international was the game against Ireland in 1920 when Jenkins set up three tries for club mate Bryn Williams , scored a try himself , kicked two of the resulting conversions and was successful with a drop goal attempt . In the 1921 game against Scotland , Jenkins played with incredible commitment , but on occasions it appeared he was playing the Scots on his own due to the poor performance of the rest of the Welsh team . Jenkins would go on to captain Wales twice , his first against Ireland in 1923 , losing both games . International matches played . Wales
Direct entry officer A direct entry officer , or DEO , is a commissioned officer in the British , Canadian , and Australian armies . In the Royal Air Force , such officers are usually described as direct entrants . A direct entry officer is normally commissioned directly from civilian status , although he can also be commissioned from lower army ranks . Most DEOs are under the age of thirty when they are commissioned .
Abteilung Abteilung ( abbrv . " Abt " ) is a German word that is often used for German or Swiss military formations , and depending on its usage could mean detachment , department , or battalion . It is not uncommon for it to be used in Germans in a more civilian fashion to mean " office department " . During the Second World War , the term " abteilung " generally meant " battalion " and was used for battalion - size formations in the armoured , cavalry , reconnaissance , and artillery arms of the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS . For example " schwere panzerabteilung " translates to " heavy tank battalion " . But when the term was used for large military formations , it generally meant " detachment " . For example " armee abteilung " translates to " army detachment " and " korps abteilung " to " corps detachment " .
CITEFA MP - 1000 Martin Pescador The Martín Pescador MP - 1000 was an Argentine air - to - surface missile developed by the CITEFA ( " Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de las FFAA " - Armed Forces Scientific and Technical Research Institute ) . The main user was the COAN ( " Comando Aviación Naval " - Naval Aviation Command ) of the Argentine Navy . The Martin Pescador MP - 1000 missile was radio guided , only in altitude . It is currently out of service , and the surviving airframes are scheduled to be converted to the AS - 25K model , also in use by the Argentine Navy .
Soebandrio ( Indonesian Air Force officer ) Air Chief Marshal Soebandrio ( born 22 March 1953 in Bandung ) was the Indonesian Air Force ' s Chief of the Air Staff . He took over from Air Marshal Herman Prayitno on 28 December 2007 , and was replaced by Air Chief Marshal Imam Sufaat on 7 November 2009 . References .
Sergey Koksharov Sergey Ivanovich Koksharov ( Сергей Иванович Кокшаров ) is a Russia n firearm designer working for the " Kovrov Mechanical Plant " ( Ковровский Механический Завод ) . He is most well known for his rifle design , the AEK - 971 , having variants for 5 . 45x39mm , 5 . 56x45mm and 7 . 62x39mm rounds .
8 cm FK M 18 The 8 cm Feldkanone M 18 was a field gun used by Austria - Hungary during World War I . The initial guns used the standard Austro - Hungarian 76 . 5 mm caliber , but testing was underway for the heavier 83 . 5 mm version when the war ended . However , only six guns had been delivered by the end of World War I . Its post - war service is unclear , but it seems that it served in small numbers with the Austrian Army , although it doesn ' t appear that the Germans placed it into service following the Anschluss , possibly because it used non - standard ammunition . Gander and Chamberlain don ' t list it in their book , but the older work by Chamberlain and Gander claims it saw service with the German Army as the 8 cm leichte Feldkanone 18 ( ö ) . It was a far more innovative design than Skoda ' s 8 cm FK M . 17 . The carriage of the M 18 had a bent axle which allowed the whole carriage to traverse since the spade pivoted around a vertical pin , so that neither the spade nor the wheels had to be moved to traverse . For use in mountains it could be fitted with a special narrow set of wheels . For transport it broke down into three animal carts .