naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
136th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 136th Illinois Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from Illinois that served in the Union Army between June 1 and October 30 , 1864 , during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was organized at Centralia , Illinois , and mustered in for one - hundred day service on June 1 , 1864 . In early June , they received marching orders to proceed by rail to Cairo , Illinois , from where they sailed with Fort Pillow as the boat ' s destination . On the regiment ' s arrival at Columbus , Kentucky , information that General Nathan Bedford Forrest would attack Fort Pillow was found to be incorrect . General Forrest ' s target was Columbus , an attack which didn ' t eventuate . The regiment remained there and performed garrison duty until September 26 . While stationed at Columbus , information was received that General Forrest and his confederate troops , would attack Paducah , Kentucky , and the regiment was ordered to march out and intercept Forrest ' s troops . On August 12 , the expedition marched to Mayfield , Kentucky , but learned the confederate troops had changed direction and captured Memphis , Tennessee . Returning to Columbus , the regiment reenlisted for a further fifteen days . The regiment was ordered from Columbus to Chicago , however , en route to Chicago , General Sterling Price ' s troops were in the process of raiding Missouri , and the 136th was ordered to Missouri . Having arrived at St . Louis , Missouri , and camped at Benton Barracks , the regiment was divided and companies sent to various forts throughout St . Louis , until October 15 . From Missouri , the regiment moved to Camp Butler , Illinois , and on October 30 was mustered out . The 136th Regiment was never in a regular battle , though performed occasional raids against guerrillas . During its service the regiment had four men killed and lost forty men to disease .
HMS Quail ( 1895 ) HMS " Quail " was a B - class torpedo boat destroyer of the British Royal Navy . She was launched by Laird , Son & Company , Birkenhead , on 24 September 1895 . She served in home waters and the West Indies for several years , her robust structure proved by surviving at least one heavy collision . She served during the Great War , and was sold off after the hostilities end , on 23 July 1919 . She gave her name to the four strong group of " Quail " - class destroyers . References .
16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer - SS The 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division " Reichsführer " - SS was a Panzergrenadier formation of the Waffen - SS during World War II . History . Formed in November 1943 when Volksdeutsche recruits were added to the Sturmbrigade Reichsführer SS , which was used as the cadre in the formation of the new division . A Kampfgruppe ( " combat group " ) from the division fought at the Anzio beachhead , while the rest of the division took part in the occupation of Hungary . It fought in Italy as a division from May 1944 , until being transferred to Hungary in February 1945 . In late summer 1944 , a part of this division , SS - Panzer - Aufklärungsabteilung 16 , commanded by Major Walter Reder , was withdrawn from engagement with the American 5th Army then advancing on the Gothic Line to deal with an Italian Communist guerrilla unit , the Red Star Brigade ( Brigata Partigiana Stella Rossa ) . Operating out of a mountain complex centered on Monte Sole , just Southeast of the town of Marzabotto , and sitting astride communications to Bologna , the Red Star was seen as a significant threat to the German rear , both in terms of cutting communications and obstructing a possible route of retreat . Major Reder successfully completed his assignment and destroyed this guerrilla force . However , he was tried and convicted by an Italian court after the end of the war for the massacre of civilians in and about the region of Marzabotto . Similar charges were made against another unit of the 16th Panzer in connection with a massacre at Sant ' Anna di Stazzema in August 1944 . A Kampfgruppe of the 16th Training and Replacement Battalion was based in Arnhem and took part in Operation Market Garden . The division surrendered to British forces near Klagenfurt , Austria at the end of the war .
Officer An Officer is a member of an armed force who holds a position of authority . These are usually defined as groups of ranks . There are two main types of Officer : There are other types of Officers within these : Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and , as such , hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position . Commissioned officers are typically the only persons , in a military environment , able to act as the commanding officer ( according to the most technical definition of the word ) of a military unit . Non - commissioned officers ( NCOs ) in positions of authority can be said to have control or charge rather than command per se , although the use of the word " command " to describe any use of authority is widespread and often official . Having officers is one requirement for combatant status under the laws of war , though these officers need not have obtained an official commission or warrant . In such case , those persons holding offices of responsibility within the organization are deemed to be the officers , and the presence of these officers connotes a level of organization sufficient to designate a group as being combatant .
Peter Murphy ( JAG ) Peter M . Murphy is an American lawyer , and former senior legal advisor to the Commandant of the Marine Corps . Murphy was the Commandant ' s legal advisor twenty years prior to becoming a partner with the legal firm of Holland & Knight . At Holland & Knight Murphy specialized in Government litigation . Murphy earned his B . A . in 1972 , at Long Island University . He earned his J . D . in 1974 at Saint John ’ s University School of Law . United States Secretary of Defense asked Murphy to serve on a panel to look into the Haditha incident in 2006 . Murphy was senior legal advisor to the United States Marine Corp Commandant in 1989 , when he drafted " " The Importance of Environmental Law Considerations for the Military Commander & Advisor " " . In The Pentagon at the time it was hit in the September 11 , attacks , Murphy later gave interviews to press and government agencies describing how he was one of the few people to instantly assume the explosion was a plane hitting the building . The Marine Corps flag from behind his desk was taken and memorialised , being flown in Afghanistan , before being sent into outer space . " Seapower " reports that Murphy was injured on 9 - 11 . He is notable for his participation in discussions , in December 2002 , of reports that interrogators from the Joint Task Force 160 and Joint Task Force 170 were using controversial interrogation techniques on the captives held in the Guantanamo Bay detention camp s , in Cuba . Murphy was the Counsel to the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps ' s when Alberto J . Mora , the Department of the Navy ' s General Counsel convened several meetings of the Navy ' s most senior lawyers after David Brant , the Director of the NCIS , drew Mora ' s attention to use of the questionable interrogation techniques by the Navy ' s tenants at Guantanamo .
Patrick Campbell ( INLA member ) Patrick Campbell ( 1977 – 1999 ) was a volunteer in the Irish National Liberation Army ( INLA ) died on 10 October 1999 after being wounded during a conflict in Dublin , Ireland between the INLA and drug dealers . Campbell was born in New Barnsley in west Belfast in Northern Ireland and moved to Dublin to work in the building industry . At some point , he joined the INLA , an Irish Republican paramilitary group . After his death , his parents said they were unaware that he had been involved in politics . In the summer of 1999 , the INLA became involved in a violent dispute with criminals in west Dublin . The INLA claims that it was trying to halt the sale of illegal drugs in the local working class community . Some reports claim that the businesses in an industrial estate appealed to the INLA for protection against a group of criminals and that the INLA were in fact offering support to the beleaguered community . On 6 October 1999 , Campbell and two other INLA men captured the drug gang members in a warehouse in Ballymount Industrial Estate in Walkinstown . The INLA men were bundling the captured men into a van when other drug gang members arrived and at the scene . During the scuffle that ensued , Campbell was stabbed in the leg with a samurai sword , severing an artery , causing a huge loss of blood ultimately causing his death . He was buried with full military honours in Milltown Cemetery in Belfast by the INLA who staged a show of force including a uniformed colour party . Over 1000 people attended his funeral . Campbell ' s funeral was one of the last high profile republican paramilitary funerals in Ireland to date . A man was charged with Campbell ' s murder but the charges were later dropped . Two INLA men were convicted for false imprisonment . In 2000 the INLA shot and killed a man in Inchicore in Dublin , purportedly in retaliation for the death of Patrick Campbell . Several more shootings have since been attributed to the feud .
Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union ( Военная коллегия Верховного суда СССР ) was created in 1924 to the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union as a court for the higher military and political personnel of Red Army and Fleet . In addition it was an immediate supervisor of military tribunal s and the supreme authority of military appeals . During 1926 – 1948 the Chairman of the Collegium was Vasili Ulrikh . The role of the Military Collegium drastically changed since June 1934 , when it was assigned the duty to consider cases that fell under Article 58 , counter - revolutionary activity . During the Great Purge of 1937 – 1938 the Military Collegium tried relatively prominent figures , usually based on the lists approved personally by Joseph Stalin , the majority of Article 58 cases having been processed extrajudicially by NKVD Troika s . In particular , the Military Collegium conducted the major Soviet show trials .
Dispatches ( book ) Dispatches is a New Journalism book by Michael Herr that describes the author ' s experiences in Vietnam as a war correspondent for " Esquire " magazine . First published in 1977 , " Dispatches " was one of the first pieces of American literature that allowed Americans to understand the experiences of soldiers in the Vietnam War . At a time when many veterans would say little about their experiences during the war , " Dispatches " allowed for an experience and understanding of the war like no other source to date . The book is noted for a visceral , literary style which distinguishes it from more mundane and accurate historical accounts . Featured in the book are fellow war correspondents Sean Flynn and Dana Stone and Dale Dye and the photojournalist Tim Page . Only at the end does Herr mention that the first two were captured and presumed dead . " Dispatches " was reprinted in 2009 by Everyman ' s Library as a contemporary classic . Reception . John le Carré described Dispatches as " the best book I have ever read on men and war in our time " and it featured in the journalism section of " The Guardian " ' s 100 greatest non - fiction book list in 2011 . In screenplays . Several of the fictional ( composite character ) soldiers mentioned in the book were used as the basis for characters in the movies " Apocalypse Now " and " Full Metal Jacket " .
USS Christiana ( YAG - 32 ) USS " Christiana " ( YAG - 32 ) , originally given the hull classification symbol IX - 80 as an unclassified miscellaneous vessel , was a seaplane tender and was the only ship of the United States Navy to be given that name . Her keel was laid down by Johnson Foundry , on New York , New York , in 1892 . She served in World War I as " Azalea " , former United States Lighthouse Service tender , was taken over by the Navy in August 1942 and commissioned on 9 November 1942 with Lieutenant ( junior grade ) A . J . De Francis , USNR , in command . She was reclassified YAG - 32 on 20 November 1943 . " Christiana " served as a seaplane tender in the British West Indies , providing vital services to the aircraft flying patrols in the Caribbean Sea . She moved from base to base as the focus of antisubmarine activity shifted throughout the area . " Christiana " was decommissioned at Miami , Florida , on 28 July 1945 , and transferred to the Maritime Commission on 25 February 1946 .
Motor Torpedo Boat PT 105 PT - 105 was a Motor Torpedo Boat of the United States Navy during World War II . The vessel was built by the Elco Motor Yacht Company of Bayonne , New Jersey , in early 1942 , and served until the end of the war . Service history . " PT - 105 " was commissioned in June 1942 , as part of Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 5 , under the command of Cdr . Henry Farrow . From September 1942 until early in 1943 she served on the Panama Sea Frontier , when she was transferred to the Solomon Islands . " PT - 105 " , under the command of Lt . Richard E . Keresey , was present during the action with Japanese destroyers in the Blackett Strait on the night of 1 – 2 August 1943 , in the aftermath of which Lt . ( jg ) John F . Kennedy ' s " PT - 109 " was sunk . On the 22nd of that month , she participated in a daylight raid on the Kolombangara coast that provoked a considerable fight between PT boats and enemy coastal guns . At the end of 1944 MTB Squadron 5 was disbanded and its remaining boats distributed to other squadrons . On 15 February 1945 " PT - 105 " was transferred to MTB Squadron 18 , under the command of Lt . Edward Macauley III , and saw action in New Guinea ; at Manus Island in the Admiralties ; and at Morotai in the Halmaheras . She was also based for a time at Kana Kopa , New Guinea , and in San Pedro Bay , Philippines , but saw no action there . The vessel was placed out of service on 1 November 1945 , and later stripped and scrapped at Samar , Philippines .
Order of Saint Stanislaus ( Imperial House of Romanov ) The Order of Saint Stanislaus ( Polish : Order św . Stanisława , Russian : Орденъ Св . Станислава ) , also spelled Stanislas , was an order in the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth . The order existed since 1765 as Polish and since 1831 as an order of Imperial Russia . This page describes the order that is still awarded by the head of the Imperial House of Romanov . History of the Order of Saint Stanislaus . Stanislaus II Augustus Poniatowski , King of Poland established the " Order of the Knights of Saint Stanislaus , Bishop and Martyr " on May 7 , 1765 to honour the service to the King . After the partition of Poland it was renewed in the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 . Since 1815 in the Polish ( Congress ) Kingdom , the order , originally in a single class , was retained and divided into four classes . After the downfall of the November Uprising , the order was added to the awards system of the Russian Empire in 1832 , where it remained until 1917 . As it was often awarded to the very policemen who suppressed Polish independence , democracy , and culture , the order became very unpopular in Poland . When in 1918 Poland regained its independence as the Second Polish Republic , the order was not renewed and was instead replaced by the Order of Polonia Restituta . One of the claimants to the headship of the Romanov Family , Grand - Duchess Maria Vladimirovna , has awarded several crosses of the Order of Saint Stanislaus as a dynastic order of knighthood .
Stridsvagn L - 5 Stridsvagn L - 5 ( Strv L - 5 ) was the first tank designed by Landsverk . It was first produced in 1929 as an experimental chassis for a wheeled - and - tracked vehicle . It never entered service and designated the L - 5 By its manufacture the prototype remained uncompleted .
Adaridi AD 3 Adaridi AD 3 was a wooden aircraft designed by the Russian engineer Boris Adaridin , who lived in Finland . It was a high wing aircraft with a low - powered engine . In 1923 , the Finnish Air Force ordered one Adaridi aircraft . The aircraft was not given any official designation code . The maiden flight was on April 17 , 1924 . The German ace , Leutnant Emil Thuy ( 32 victories in World War I ) described the aircraft as having mediocre flying qualities , and that the 12 hp engine was inadequate . The aircraft was never meant to become a military aircraft , it was merely an exercise in building an aircraft . The aircraft was stationed at the fighter squadron at Utti air force base from the summer of 1924 until 1931 . It was very rarely flown , as unexperienced pilots couldn ' t get the aircraft off the ground . Museum aircraft . The sole manufactured Adaridi is displayed at the Finnish Aviation Museum .
German submarine U - 222 German Submarine U - 222 was a type VIIc U - boat of the Nazi German Kriegsmarine in World War II . < br > She was laid down at the F . Krupp Germaniawerft yard in Kiel as ' werk ' 652 on 16 June 1941 , launched on 28 March 1942 and commissioned on 23 May under " Oberleutnant " Ralf von Jessen . She was part of the 8th U - boat Flotilla , a training organization . She was lost on 2 September 1942 after a collision with " U - 626 " in the Baltic . 42 men died ; there were three survivors .
AN / FPS - 124 The AN / FPS - 124 is an unattended Radar ( UAR ) providing short range , doppler radar surveillance of airborne targets . It provides target information to the Regional Operations Control Center ( ROCC ) , and employs built - in - test , performance monitoring / fault isolation and system redundancy enabling it to reconfigure itself when fault detection occurs . The AN / FPS - 117 and AN / FPS - 124 form an array of radars stretching across North America from Alaska , USA to Labrador , Canada . This North Warning System is designed to provide long - range detection and coverage for drug interdiction support and tactical command and control . Implementation of the North Warning System has resulted in a reduction in Operations and Maintenance ( O & M ) spending by up to 50 % compared to previous systems . Due to extreme northern locations of these radars , the physics of radiowave propagation in the 1215 - 1400 MHz frequency range is even more critical for target detection requirements . The AN / FPS - 124 is intended to cover any surveillance gaps left by the North Warning System ' s long range radar , the AN / FPS - 117 .
USS Alabama ( 1838 ) The second USS " Alabama " was a wooden - hull sidewheel steamship briefly in the United States Navy . " Alabama " was built in 1838 at Baltimore , Maryland . She apparently operated under the aegis of the War Department during the Mexican - American War ( 1846 - 1848 ) , carrying troops that participated in the capture of Veracruz , Mexico . After the close of hostilities , the War Department transferred " Alabama " to the Navy Department pursuant to the Act of Congress of 3 March 1849 . The latter , however , found the ship " unsuitable for naval purposes " and sold her at public auction , at New Orleans , Louisiana , in October 1849 . Records of her naval service ( if any ) have not been found . It does not appear that she did in fact serve in the United States Navy , since her name does not appear in any contemporary listings of naval vessels , nor do any deck logs exist . She ultimately foundered , stranding on Gun Key , in the Bahamas , on 12 July 1852 . Fortunately , no lives were lost in the grounding .
Armed Forces Honor Medal The Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal was a military decoration of South Vietnam that was first created in 1953 . The medal was issued in 1st and 2nd class grades and reached its height of bestowals during the Vietnam War years . The medal was also one of the more commonly award medals to members of foreign militaries and was frequently bestowed to members of the United States Armed Forces . The Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal was awarded to any member of the military who actively contributed to the formation and organization of the Vietnamese military and who actively participating in cadre training of Vietnamese units . The medal was only awarded for non - combat service and was comparable to the United States military award of the Commendation Medal . The first class medal was issued to commissioned officers and the second class medals were issued to warrant officers and enlisted personnel . The two grades of the Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal were distinguished by the medal ' s medallion , gold for 1st class and silver for 2nd class . The medal ' s suspension and service ribbon s for the 2 grades were distinguished by a yellow and red pattern for the 1st class and two red patterns until the end of each side of the ribbon for the 2nd class . Also , the vertical ribbon stripes of the 1st class were light blue , while the vertical ribbon stripes of the second class were greenish . The first class medal was issued to commissioned officers while the second class was bestowed upon warrant officers and enlisted personnel . The South Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal is considered obsolete . Today , the medal is only available through private dealers in military insignia .
Storebro SB90E The Storebro SB90E is a small craft developed by Swedish yacht designer Storebro Bruks AB . It was initially developed for the Swedish Navy , who designated it Stridsbåt 90 E , the " E " being for " Enkel " ( Swedish for " simple " ) - shortened to Strb 90 E . It was later rebranded as Storebro SRC90E for international military export and is now exclusively sold as SB90E for the civilian market . Today they are used in Sweden , China , Lithuania and Denmark . Their classification is " YH " for ambulance boat . They were originally intended to be used as a medical evacuation vessel and simple insertion craft for the Swedish Amphibious Corps , with 60 ordered and 54 delivered . Today only 5 remain in Swedish military service , with the rest being scrapped , sold off or in the case of 7 vessels , donated to Swedish civilian services " Svenska Sjöräddningssällskapet " . In most cases the duties intended for the Strb 90 E has been taken over by the Strb 90 H .
Chilean cruiser Blanco Encalada ( 1893 ) The protected cruiser Blanco Encalada was purchased by the Chilean Government for 333 . £500 during the Argentine – Chilean naval arms race . She was the second ship named " Blanco Encalada " . ( The previous ship was the armored frigate " Blanco Encalada " sunk in the 1891 Chilean Civil War . ) In December 1906 she was involved in the repression of the workers movement in the Saltpeter mines , railroads and harbour in Antofagasta . On 17 December 1907 she brought troops from Arica to Iquique to repress thousands of miners from different nitrate mines in Chile ' s north to appeal for government intervention to improve their living and working conditions . It became the Santa María School massacre .