naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Gott strafe England " Gott strafe England " was a slogan , during World War I , used by the German Army . The phrase means " May God punish England " . It was created by the German - Jewish poet Ernst Lissauer ( 1882 – 1937 ) , who also wrote the poem " Hassgesang gegen England " ( lit . " Hate song against England " , better known as " Hymn of Hate " ) . History . In the hysterical atmosphere brought on by World War I , Lissauer ' s " Hassgesang " became an instant success . Rupprecht of Bavaria , commander of the Sixth Army , ordered that copies be distributed among his own troops . The Kaiser was pleased enough to confer upon the author the Order of the Red Eagle . An informative account of Lissauer and the " Hymn of Hate " can be found in Stefan Zweig ' s " The World of Yesterday " . Even despite the general atmosphere of condemnation against England for " causing the war " , the " Hassgesang " was not without its critics . The " Frankfurter Zeitung " was bold enough to denounce the " impotent hatred that spits at us everywhere " . With one or two exceptions it was not widely popular among Lissauer ' s fellow Jews , who had a tendency to identify with England ' s liberal tradition . The publicist Benjamin Segel said that the poem did not contain " as much as a spark of Jewish sentiment . " Lissauer ' s song and slogan proved to be similarly less popular within the wider German intelligentsia . The painter , photographer , and caricaturist " Helmut Herzfeld " went so far as to change his given name in protest into an English one and to anglicise his surname , hence to be known as John Heartfield . Unofficial stamps with the motto were produced by organisations , such as the " Federation of the Germans in Lower Austria " . In at least 1916 browncoal bricks were embossed with the motto " Gott Strafe England " and sold in the Netherlands . In 1946 , in Hamburg , Germany , " Ausgebombte " ( bombed out refugees ) demonstrators sang the song . In England in 1916 , the music hall singer , Tom Clare wrote a comic song " My Hymn of hate " giving a list of people and phenomena that he hated , in a comic vein . The list included , for example , journalists who criticized how the war was being run , but didn ' t want to join the army themselves . Others uses . J . C . Squire : < br > God heard the embattled nations sing and shout < br > “ Gott strafe England ” and “ God save the King ! ” < br > God this , God that , and God the other thing – < br > “ Good God ! ” said God , “ I ’ ve got my work cut out ! ” < br > George Bellows created a lithograph titled " Gott Strafe " . Louis Raemaekers created a cartoon titled " Gott strafe England " . The phrase gave rise to the term " Strafing " and to the nickname " Strafer " being given to the British General William Gott ( Gott strafe . . . ) in World War II .
RFA Pearleaf ( A77 ) RFA " Pearleaf " ( A77 ) was a Leaf - class support tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary of the United Kingdom . She was the second ship to bear the name . Service history . " Pearleaf " and her sister - ship were originally built by Blythswood Shipbuilding Co . Ltd , in Scotstoun , Glasgow , for and owned by Jacobs & Partners Ltd , London . They were both taken over on completion by the Ministry of Defence , on a 20 year bareboat charter . Chartered in 1960 , she served until 1986 and saw service during the Falklands War . " Pearleaf " was returned to owners , and then sold to Petrostar Co . Ltd of Saudi Arabia . Renamed " Nejmat el Petrol XIX " , she served as a static fuel storage facility . In 1993 she was sold to shipbreakers Nasir Trading Co . at Gadani Beach , Pakistan , where demolition commenced on 8 March 1993 .
Brighton Blitz The term Brighton Blitz refers to German air raids on the British town of Brighton during World War II . The beaches were closed at 5 . 00pm on 2 July 1940 and were mined and guarded with barbed wire . Both the Palace Pier and West Pier had sections of their decking removed to prevent their use as landing stages in a possible enemy invasion . The town was declared no longer to be a " safe area " and 30 , 000 people were evacuated . Brighton was attacked from the air in 56 recorded bombings between July 1940 and February 1944 . On 14 September 1940 the Odeon Cinema , Kemp Town was bombed killing four children and two adults along with a further 49 people in the surrounding area . At 12 . 25pm on 25 May 1943 the town was attacked by 25 to 30 German Focke - Wulf 190 aircraft . 22 bombs of 500 kg were dropped and the streets were machine - gunned during the five - minute raid . Fatalities included ten men , twelve women and two children . An additional 58 people were seriously injured and a further 69 people were slightly injured . 150 houses were made uninhabitable and more than 500 people were made homeless . One of the central piers in the 20 - metre high London Road railway viaduct was demolished . There was severe damage to railway workshops and rolling stock . In 1944 Brighton was hit by V - 1 flying bomb s but was safe from the V - 2 rockets . By the end of the war 198 people had been killed during the air raids . On VE Day held on 8 May 1945 , the Mayor read a proclamation of victory from the Town Hall .
Feodor Dietz Feodor Dietz ( 29 May 1813 Neunstetten , Baden - 18 November 1870 Gray , France ) was a German historical and battle painter . Biography . He studied in Karlsruhe under Karl and Rudolf Kuntz , and while there was greatly influenced by Feodor Ivanovitch . He also studied under Philipp von Foltz at the Munich Academy , and aided the latter in the decoration of the royal palace . In 1835 , he executed his “ Death of Max Piccolomini , ” now in the Karlsruhe Gallery , which brought him considerable fame . He spent three years in Paris , coming under the influence of Horace Vernet and studying for a short time under Alaux . He received the gold medal in the Salon of 1839 . He was appointed court painter at Karlsruhe , but moved to Munich . He took part as a volunteer in the First Schleswig War of 1848 , and in 1862 was appointed professor of the newly founded School of Arts at Karlsruhe . He entered the army in 1870 in the Franco - Prussian War , and died in the service . References . King Gustav Adolf on his Deathbed
Charles Manigault Morris Charles Manigault Morris ( 7 May 1820 – 22 March 1895 ) was an officer in the United States Navy and later in the Confederate States Navy . He was a son of Colonel Lewis V . Morris of New York and his wife Elizabeth Manigault of South Carolina . He a great grandson of both Lewis Morris and Ralph Izard . Biography . Morris was born in South Carolina and entered the United States Navy as a midshipman in December 1837 . He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in 1851 , but resigned his commission in January 1861 following South Carolina ' s secession . In March , he was appointed a First Lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy . Morris served on the Savannah , Georgia Station in 1861 to 63 and commanded CSS " Florida " from January 1864 until her illegal capture in a Brazilian harbor by the Union Navy the following October . Morris and most of his crew were ashore when his ship was boarded in the middle of the night while at anchor in neutral waters . During the remainder of the American Civil War , he served abroad as an agent of the Confederate States government . Following the war , Morris and his family settled in England . In 1880 he returned to the United States and lived the rest of his life in Baltimore , Maryland . He was a distant cousin of Confederate General Arthur Middleton Manigault , a great nephew of Arthur Middleton .
USS W . F . Marty ( SP - 1145 ) USS " W . F . Marty " ( ID - 1239 ) was a patrol vessel that served in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1918 . " W . F . Marty " was a wooden - hulled motorboat built in 1917 for W . F . Marty of Olney , Pennsylvania . She was inspected by the U . S . Navy , in the 4th Naval District in 1917 for possible use as a section patrol vessel . She was assigned the classification SP - 1145 . Little is known , however , of any actual Navy service by " W . F . Marty " . Listed by the Navy as " delivered " on 6 October 1917 and " enrolled " on 16 October 1917 , " W . F . Marty " was subsequently returned to her owner on 28 January 1918 and struck from the Navy List on 5 February 1918 , indicating that her Navy service , if any , was of short duration . There are no records to indicate whether or not the boat was ever placed in commission . Her eventual fate is also unrecorded .
HMT Gulland ( T239 ) HMT " Gulland " was one of a number of Isles class trawler s built for the Royal Navy during the Second World War for a variety of tasks , including anti - submarine patrol . She was launched placed on the disposal list after the war and sold to Belgian owners in March 1946 . The following year the ship changed hands and was renamed " Henken " and two years later sold to Arab Navigation & Transport Co . in Aden and renamed " Arab Trader " . On 13 April 1951 the ship grounded three miles north of Mombasa , Kenya , while on a voyage from Aden to Mauritius with a cargo of lentils . Within a day or two the heavy seas flooded the engine and boiler room , and the wreck settled on the reef with the main deck awash at high water . With a cargo that was now worthless and no one in Mombasa capable of salvaging the ship , she was abandoned as a total loss . The wreck broke up in the surf and at a later date the remains were demolished with explosives . What was left of the wreck was rediscovered in the 1970s on an extremely low tide in front of the Reef Hotel consisting of a pile of steel plate and machinery on the edge of the reef at its current location .
HMS Premier ( D23 ) The first USS " Estero " ( CVE - 42 ) ( previously AVG - 42 then later ACV - 42 ) was an escort aircraft carrier launched 22 March 1943 by the Seattle - Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation , Seattle , Washington , and sponsored by Mrs . C . N . Ingraham . She was reclassified CVE - 42 on 15 July 1943 . Completed in October 1943 , she was transferred to the Royal Navy on 3 November 1943 and commissioned the same day as HMS " Premier " . She served in World War II as an ASW escort carrier in European waters and additionally as a ferry carrier . She was returned to United States custody 2 April 1946 , she was stricken on 21 May 1946 and was sold into merchant service as the " Rhodesia Star " ( later renamed " Hong Kong Knight " ) in 1947 . She was scrapped in Taiwan in 1974 . Design and description . These ships were all larger and had a greater aircraft capacity than all the preceding American built escort carriers . They were also all laid down as escort carriers and not converted merchant ships . All the ships had a complement of 646 men and an overall length of , a beam of and a draught of . Propulsion was provided a steam turbine , two boilers connected to one shaft giving 9 , 350 brake horsepower ( SHP ) , which could propel the ship at . Aircraft facilities were a small combined bridge – flight control on the starboard side , two aircraft lifts by , one aircraft catapult and nine arrestor wires . Aircraft could be housed in the by hangar below the flight deck . Armament comprised : two 4 inch Dual Purpose guns in single mounts , sixteen 40 mm Bofors anti - aircraft gun s in twin mounts and twenty 20 mm Oerlikon anti - aircraft cannons in single mounts . They had a maximum aircraft capacity of twenty - four aircraft which could be a mixture of Grumman Martlet , Vought F4U Corsair or Hawker Sea Hurricane fighter aircraft and Fairey Swordfish or Grumman Avenger anti - submarine aircraft .
HMCS CH - 15 HMCS CH - 15 was a H class submarine used by the Royal Canadian Navy . Purchased in 1919 from a Quincy , MA ship builder and replaced the CC class submarine s . Like the CC class subs , the H class did not last long and was scrapped in 1922 . The RCN did not acquire further submarines until after World War II .
Four Policemen " The Four Policemen " was a term coined by U . S . President Franklin D . Roosevelt , to refer to four major Allies of World War II and founders of the United Nations ( UN ) : the United States , United Kingdom , Soviet Union , and China . Roosevelt ' s phrase symbolized his conception of the post - World War II world , though the idea would not come to fruition until the establishment of the UN , which emerged following the Declaration by United Nations of January 1 , 1942 . In the words of a former Undersecretary General of the UN , Sir Brian Urquhart : Each of the Four Policemen was to maintain order in its respective sphere : Britain in its empire and in Western Europe ; the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe and the central Eurasian landmass ; China in East Asia and the Western Pacific ; and the United States in the Western Hemisphere . Given the weakness of the government of Chiang Kai - shek , President Franklin D . Roosevelt foresaw the United States dominating China ' s sphere of influence . Thus , in effect , the United States would run two spheres and thereby maintain global supremacy over a declining Britain and a Soviet Union badly damaged by the Second World War .
Unit Citation for Gallantry The Unit Citation for Gallantry is a collective group decoration awarded to members of Australian military units . It recognises extraordinary gallantry in action . The Unit Citation for Gallantry was created in 1991 , along with the Meritorious Unit Citation . The actual citation is a warrant presented to the unit . Insignia are worn by individuals to denote their membership of a unit that has been awarded a citation . Personnel cannot be issued with the insignia until the authorised unit representative , normally the Commanding Officer , has been formally invested with the citation . Recipients . As of May 2010 , three awards have been made :
Molniya ( explosive trap ) Certain buried or otherwise concealed containers used by the KGB to cache items such as shortwave radio receivers and cryptographic materials were booby - trapped with an explosive device known as Molniya ( " lightning " ) . A sequence of specific actions had to be taken in the correct order to render the device safe prior to moving or opening the container , or the device would detonate . This detonation was designed to be highly lethal to anyone in immediate proximity , as well as being sufficient to destroy all materials in the cache . Large arms caches were allegedly hidden in many countries for planned terrorism acts . They were booby - trapped with " Molniya " . One such cache , which was identified by KGB defector Vasili Mitrokhin , exploded when Swiss authorities fired upon it using a water cannon , resulting in no casualties . The device was found in the woods near Bern .
Theater Battle Management Core Systems The Theater Battle Management Core Systems ( TBMCS ) is a set of software systems used by all air wings of the United States military to plan and execute military missions utilizing airborne resources , maintain automated airspace deconfliction , and allow inter - service communication . There are multiple configurations of the servers and clients depending on the situation , allowing the highly specialized systems to utilize as few as three servers . It has two levels of control , at the larger ' force ' level , or at the detailed ' unit ' level . It is used to generate the Air Tasking Order . It replaced the Contingency Theater Automated Planning System ( CTAPS ) . It has many electronic interfaces to other systems , many which are based on USMTF information exchanges .
USRC Hamilton ( 1830 ) The United States Revenue Cutter " Hamilton " was one of 13 cutters of the Morris - Taney Class to be launched . Named after Secretaries of the Treasury and Presidents of the United States , these cutters were the backbone of the Service for more than a decade . Samuel Humphreys designed these cutters for roles as diverse as fighting pirates , privateers , combating smugglers and operating with naval forces . He designed the vessels on a naval schooner concept . They had Baltimore Clipper lines . The vessels built by Webb and Allen , designed by Isaac Webb , resembled Humphreys ' but had one less port . The " Hamilton " , the fastest vessel in the class , operated out of Boston for much of her career . She became famous for rescues and saving of property . Josiah Sturgis was her captain for much of this time . She became well known and extremely popular , so much so that music was written entitled the " Hamilton Quick step . " The " Hamilton " transferred to Charleston , South Carolina in 1851 and was lost in a gale two years later .
Navy Provisional Detainee Battalion 2 Navy Provisional Detainee Battalion 2 ( NPDB2 ) is a United States Navy task force of 422 active duty and Naval Reserve Sailors formed 1 May 2006 for the purpose of combat duties in Iraq . Overview . NPDB 2 was formed under the Individual Augmentation Program , that trains US Navy members from all Navy communities ( aviation , submariners , surface , hospital corps ) to fill manpower shortages for in theater assignments in the US led Global War On Terrorism ( GWOT ) . The sailors were all " individual augmentees - - sailors who fill a non - traditional expeditionary combat support or combat service mission " . Prior to deploying in August 2006 , they received three months of training from the Army at Fort Bliss , Texas which included convoy operations , self - defense tactics , riot control , hand - to - hand combat , non - lethal weapon s , first aid , search and seizure , and urban operations . NPDB2 sailors served in Iraq at Camp Bucca under the command of the US Army ' s 16th Military Police Brigade . During its deployment one sailor was awarded the Purple Heart for injuries in combat , and another died as a result of a self - inflicted gunshot wound to the head . Additionally , two sailors received battlefield promotions through the Combat Meritorious Advancement Program for their achievements during the deployment . NPDB2 was awarded the Navy Unit Commendation for extremely meritorious service during Operation Iraqi Freedom from 01 - May - 2006 to 01 - Jun - 2007 . Extended deployment . 26 March 2007 Commander of NPDB 2 announced that personnel serving with the battalion , were being involuntarily extended as per a request by the Commanding General Task Force 134 for 3 months making it a total of 15 months deployed . Subsequently making the detainee battalion the longest " boots on ground " Navy unit since World War II . This news came to the sailors just 35 days prior to the units scheduled departure from Camp Bucca . The unit was redeployed to Naval Station Norfolk on 10 August 2007 .
Puran - class barge Puran class of barge is a series of self - propelled fuel carrier built by Rajabagan Dockyard ( RBD ) ( then owned by Central Inland Water Transport Corporation ) for the Indian Navy . Description The vessel in the series has a length of 45 – 50 meters with a beam of 8 meters and a draught of 3 meters . The vessels have displacement of 960 tonnes and have capacity to carry 376 tons of fuel . The vessels are yardcrafts and have all of the essential communication and navigation equipment . These vessels have no underway replenishment capability . They are utilized for in - port refueling
American Dynamics AD - 150 The AD - 150 is a high - speed VTOL unmanned aerial vehicle that is being developed by American Dynamics Flight Systems as a future competitor for the United States Marine Corps ' Tier III VUAS program as well as other current and future United States VTOL UAV programs . Development . The AD - 150 program began in response to continued interest in maritime capable VTOL UAVs by the United States Department of Defense . The AD - 150 utilizes two wing - tip mounted High Torque Aerial Lift ( HTAL ) lift and propulsion systems to provide the thrust needed to sustain and transition between hover and forward flight . The two HTAL systems are driven by a single Pratt & Whitney Canada PW200 Turboshaft engine . The vehicle ' s propulsion configuration is similar to the Doak VZ - 4 in that the 2 propulsion systems are able to tilt from vertical to horizontal mode in order to achieve high - speed forward flight . Unlike the Doak VZ - 4 , however , the propulsion systems in the AD - 150 are also able to pivot longitudinally . A full - scale model of the AD - 150 was displayed for the first time at the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International ' s ( AUVSI ) Unmanned Systems North America exhibition in Washington D . C . on August 7 , 2007 . In February 2010 , the University of Maryland ' s Industrial Partnerships program approved $ 135 , 150 in funding to test a scale model of the company ’ s patented High Torque Aerial Lift ( HTAL ) system in a tunnel at the university . They will utilize a 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 scale model that will be tested at different fan and tunnel speeds and duct angles to represent the transition between vertical and horizontal flight .
11×60mm Mauser The 11mm Mauser was a black - powder cartridge developed for the Mauser Model 1871 rifle , and used later in the 71 / 84 variant . It is no longer in production , but is available from custom loaders , and dies exist to handload it . It is also known as . 43 Mauser .
17th Bombardment Squadron The 17th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the 16th Bombardment Group stationed at Northwest Field , Guam . It was inactivated on 15 April 1946 . History . Activated 1 April 1944 at Dalhart Army Airfield , Texas . Initially equipped with B - 17 Flying Fortress es for training , due to shortage of B - 29 Superfortress es . Moved to Fairmont Army Airfield , Kansas , in August 1944 and equipped with B - 29B limited production aircraft . After completion of training deployed to Central Pacific Area ( CPA ) , assigned to XXI Bomber Command , Northwest Field ( Guam ) for operational missions . B - 29Bs were standard production aircraft stripped of most defensive guns to increase speed and bomb load , The tail gun was aimed and fired automatically by the new AN / APG - 15B radar fire control system that detected the approaching enemy plane and made all the necessary calculations . Mission of the squadron was the strategic bombardment of the Japanese Home Islands . Dntered combat on 16 June 1945 with a bombing raid against an airfield on Moen . Flew first mission against the Japanese home islands on 26 June 1945 and afterwards operated principally against the enemy ' s petroleum industry . Flew primarily low - level , fast attacks at night using a mixture of high - explosive and incendary bombs to attack targets . Flew last combat mission on 15 August 1945 , later flew in " Show of Force " mission on 2 September 1945 over Tokyo Bay during formal Japanese Surrender . Inactivated on Guam 15 April 1946 , personnel returned to the United States and aircraft sent to storage in Southwest United States .