naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Operation Emery Operation Emery was a series of twelve nuclear tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site . These explosions occurred in 1970 and 1971 , after the Mandrel series and before Grommet . The Baneberry blast was notable for the 6 . 7 million curie s ( 250 petabecquerel s ) of radioactive material that escaped through unanticipated cracks in the ground . A six month moratorium was placed on the US nuclear testing program . The individual tests of this series were :
Castle - guard Castle - guard was an arrangement under the feudal system , by which the duty of finding knights to guard royal castles was imposed on certain manors , knight ' s fees or baronies . The greater barons provided for the guard of their castles by exacting a similar duty from their sub - enfeoffed knights . The obligation was commuted very early for a fixed money payment , a form of scutage known as " castle - guard rent " , which lasted into modern times . Castle - guard was a common form of feudal tenure , almost ubiquitous , on the Isle of Wight where all manors were held from the Lord of the Isle of Wight , seated at Carisbrook Castle .
8 . 8 cm Pak 43 The Pak 43 ( " Panzerabwehrkanone 43 " ) was a German 88 mm anti - tank gun developed by Krupp in competition with the Rheinmetall 8 . 8 cm Flak 41 anti - aircraft gun and used during the Second World War . The Pak 43 was the most powerful anti - tank gun of the Wehrmacht to see service in significant numbers , also serving in modified form as the main gun on the Tiger II tank , and Elefant , Jagdpanther and Nashorn tank destroyers . The improved 8 . 8 cm round had a virtually flat trajectory out to 1000 yards and was able to frontally penetrate all Allied tanks at long ranges , up to and occasionally exceeding 2000 – 2500 yards ( restricted only by the accuracy of shell and optics ) . Even the Soviet IS - series tanks and tank destroyers ( the most heavily armored Allied vehicles fielded during World War II ) were vulnerable to and outranged by the Pak 43 . Versions . The main version of the Pak 43 was based on a highly effective cruciform mount , which offered a full 360 degree traverse and a much lower profile than the ubiquitous anti - aircraft 8 . 8 cm Flak 37 . However the manufacture of this version was initially slow and costly . To simplify production some were mounted on the two - wheel split - trail carriage from the 10 . 5 cm leFH 18 field howitzer , resulting in a version known as Pak 43 / 41 . The 43 / 41 proved heavy and awkward to handle in the mud and snow of Eastern Front and gunners referred to 43 / 41 as the " barn door " ( ) , a veiled reference to the size and weight of the gun . Nevertheless the Pak 43 / 41 proved just as effective as the earlier Pak 43 . The Pak 43 was also mounted in German armored vehicles and this version was known as the 8 . 8 cm KwK 43 . Versions of this gun were mounted in a number of German armored vehicles under different designations , including the Tiger II heavy tank ( KwK 43 L / 71 ) and several tank destroyers : the Hornisse / Nashorn ( Pak 43 / 1 ) , Ferdinand / Elefant ( Pak 43 / 2 ) , and Jagdpanther ( Pak 43 / 3 and Pak 43 / 4 ) . A few examples of the Tiger II - based Jagdtiger were also completed with the 8 . 8 cm weapon due to a shortage of the 12 . 8 cm Pak 44 , but these tank destroyers are not believed to have seen operational service .
160 Squadron ( Israel ) 160 Squadron of the Israeli Air Force ( also known as The First Cobra ) was formed in April 1980 . The squadron initially operated fifteen MD500s and three AH - 1S Cobras . In the following year , nine AH - 1F Cobras were delivered , followed by eight more in 1985 , and four more in 1987 . The squadron conducted operations during Operation Peace for Galilee , Israel ' s 1982 invasion of Lebanon , but did not initially engage in anti - tank combat , rather serving as close air support . In 2001 , Israel acquired 15 AH - 1E helicopters from the US Army . As of 2005 , the squadron uses exclusively AH - 1E / F helicopters . The squadron was based at Palmachim Airbase . In 2 August 2013 , as part of the IDF ' s budget cut plans , along with the fact that the Cobra helicopters were considered relatively unsafe with many accidents credited to its operation history , it was closed ( along with 140 Squadron , )
William Norman William Norman VC ( 1832 – 13 March 1896 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was born in Warrington , Lancashire and enlisted as a private in the 7th Regiment of Foot ( later the Royal Fusiliers ) of the British Army on 15 May 1854 . During the Crimean War the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 19 December 1854 at Sebastopol , in the Crimea , Private Norman was placed on single sentry duty some distance in front of the advanced sentries of an outlying picquet in the White Horse Ravine , a post of much danger and requiring great vigilance . The Russian picquet was posted about 300 yards in front of him , and three Russians came reconnoitring under cover of the brushwood . Private Norman single - handed , took two of them prisoner without alarming the Russian picquet . He was decorated by Queen Victoria in Hyde Park on the 26 June 1857 . He later served in the Umbeyla Campaign on the North - West Frontier in 1863 and achieved the rank of corporal . He left the Army in 1865 . He died on the 13 March 1896 in Salford , Lamcashire and was buried in a common grave at Weaste Cemetery , Salford . He was married with three children . His Victoria Cross and other medals are displayed at the Royal Fusiliers Museum in the Tower of London , England .
Arado Ar 198 The Arado Ar 198 was a prototype reconnaissance aircraft developed by Arado Flugzeugwerke , with backing from the Luftwaffe , who initially preferred it over the Blohm & Voss BV 141 and the Focke - Wulf Fw 189 . However , when flight tests were carried out the aircraft performed poorly , and did not impress the Luftwaffe . One aircraft was completed in 1938 .
Officer of the day The officer of the day ( OOD ) , at smaller military installation s where no provost marshal has been assigned , is a detail rotated each day among the unit / post ' s commissioned officer s to oversee security , guard , and law enforcement considerations . Even if the officer has never served as an MP or is not qualified to serve as a provost marshal , officer qualification includes basic familiarity with this position . In the Royal Navy , and other navies based upon this structure , the OOD has been delegated authority from the Commanding Officer of a ship or establishment to ensure the routine running of the vessel is carried out . Unlike the USN ' s OOD , the Officer of the Day is primarily a position used when a warship is alongside in port . Other duties include ceremonial duties ( such as carrying out Colours or Sunset ) and taking charge in emergency situations in Damage Control Headquarters . Whilst the OOD may be outranked by more senior officers on board , he or she is technically only subordinate to the Captain and the Executive Officer whilst carrying out his or her duties , but a prudent junior officer always seeks advice . Generally on warships , the OOD will be a commissioned junior officer who holds a Harbour Watchkeeping Certificate . On shore establishments , Warrant Officer s may be used to augment the duty roster . General officer of the day . In the American Civil War , a General officer of the day was a general officer assigned the duties of responding to reports by the picket line , such as a flag of truce .
Mike Pompeo Michael Richard Pompeo ( born December 30 , 1963 ) is an American politician who has been the U . S . Representative for since 2011 . He is a member of the Republican Party . He has also served as a Kansas representative on the Republican National Committee . Early life , education , and early career . Pompeo attended the U . S . Military Academy where he majored in Mechanical Engineering , graduating first in his class in 1986 and subsequently serving in the Regular Army as an Armor Branch officer from 1986 - 1991 . He subsequently graduated from Harvard Law School , where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review . He then worked as a lawyer for Williams & Connolly . Business career . Pompeo founded Thayer Aerospace . He sold his interest in Thayer in 2006 and the company is now known as Nex - Tech Aerospace . Pompeo serves as a trustee on the Kansas Policy Institute ( originally named the Kansas Public Policy Institute and then the Flint Hills Center for Public Policy ) , a conservative think tank . U . S . House of Representatives . Elections . Pompeo defeated Democratic nominee State Representative Raj Goyle , Libertarian nominee Shawn Smith , and Reform Party nominee Susan G . Ducey . Pompeo received 59 % of the vote ( 117 , 171 votes ) , to 36 % for Goyle ( 71 , 866 ) . The Republican incumbent , Todd Tiahrt , ran for the U . S . Senate ( thereby vacating his seat ) . In the contest to replace him , Pompeo won a five - candidate GOP primary election on August 3 , 2010 with 39 % of the vote . He bested State Senator Jean Schodorf ( who received 24 % ) , Wichita businessman Wink Hartman ( who received 23 % ) , and small business owner Jim Anderson ( who received 13 % ) . State Senator Dick Kelsey also ran for the nomination , but ended his campaign before the August primary and endorsed Pompeo . Pompeo defeated Democratic nominee Robert Tillman and Libertarian nominee Thomas Jefferson in the general election .
Bureau of Political - Military Affairs The Bureau of Political - Military Affairs is an agency within the United States Department of State that bridges the Department of State with the Department of Defense . It provides policy in the areas of international security , security assistance , military operations , defense strategy and policy , military use of space , and defense trade . It is headed by the Assistant Secretary of State for Political - Military Affairs who is currently Tom Kelly ( acting ) . According to the Department of State website , the Bureau secures military base access and overflight permission to support the deployment of U . S . military forces . It negotiates the status of U . S . military forces and International Criminal Court non - surrender agreements . It is also responsible for coordinating the participation of coalition combat and stabilization forces , and assisting other countries in reducing the availability of man - portable air defense systems ( MANPADS ) , which are shoulder - launched surface - to - air missiles . The Bureau seeks to create and manage defense relationships with allies of the United States , regulate arms transfers , control access to military technology , and combat the illegal trafficking of small arms or light weapons . It also is responsible for training and equipping international peacekeepers and other military personnel . The Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement within the Bureau of Political Affairs manages the Humanitarian Mine Action Program and publishes the SAFE PASSAGE : A Newsletter for the Humanitarian Mine Action and Small Arms / Light Weapons Communities . The office also publishes To Walk The Earth In Safety a publication that summarizes the current U . S . effort to rid the world of the most pressing land mine and ordnance problems in a country - by - country format . Finally they have published a number of Press Releases that describe ongoing efforts within those communities and the Office ' s efforts in support of these aims . The United Nations Mine Action Centre defines " mine action " as removing land mine s from the ground , assisting victims , and also teaching people how to protect themselves from danger in environments affected by land mines . In addition to promoting public and private mine action partnerships , the Bureau works with the Department of Defense to provide assistance in the event of natural disasters . Current offices within the Bureau of Political - Military Affairs include the Office of Regional Security and Arms Transfers , the Office of Plans , Policy and Analysis , the Office of International Security Operations , the Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement , the Office of the POLAD Coordinator , the Office of Security Negotiations and Agreements , and the Office of the Coordinator for Counter - Piracy and Maritime Security .
INS Pamba INS " Pamba " is a self - propelled water carrier barge built by Vipul Shipyard Ltd ( a subsidiary of ABG Shipyard Ltd ) in Surat , Gujarat for the Indian Navy . Description . The Auxiliary ship is long , weighs 930 tonnes and has a capacity to carry 500 tonnes of water . The barge is powered by two engines with a total output of 1 , 800 BHP and has a top speed of . " Pamba " has accommodation for 20 crew members and a galley or corridor kitchen facility . It has tank gauging systems , fire fighting equipment and carries a rigid inflatable boat . It has sea - going capability and carries all essential communication and navigation equipment . It is named after a previous auxiliary vessel of same name which served the Indian Navy for nearly four decades and was decommissioned on April 2007 . " Pamba " ( IR no . 38186 ) is one of the five water barges built by Vipul Shipyard as per the contract concluded on february 2006 . INS Ambuda ( IR no . 35823 ) and INS Pulakesin - 1 ( IR no : 40373 ) are her sister ships which were commissioned 11 October 2010 and 21 September 2011 respectively . Commission . " Pamba " was commissioned by Commodore S . Nedunchezian , Chief Staff Officer ( Technical ) , Southern Naval Command at South Jetty , Kochi Naval Base , on 29 March 2011 .
Merire Police Sergeant Major Merire from Gomema village in Markham Valley near Lae was a member of the Royal Papuan and New Guinea Constabulary who joined the police force in 1936 . On the occasion of the Japanese landings at Madang in 1942 , he was able to move all the residents with their supplies into the forest to avoid capture . His subsequent observations as far along the coast as Finschhafen served to guide U . S . bombing raids on Japanese positions . Merire was captured on several occasions , but always managed to escape with new information . When Australian troops initiated a recapture of the island , his service as a guide was invaluable . For his efforts he was awarded the British Empire Medal , and in 1952 was featured on a stamp of Papua New Guinea .
George Graham ( soldier ) Captain George Graham ( 1772 – August 9 , 1830 ) served as acting U . S . Secretary of War under two U . S . Presidential administrations from 1816 to 1817 . Outside of his Cabinet service , he is best known for a mission to Galveston Island , Texas to persuade the small Bonapartist colony of Champ d ' Asile to accept American jurisdiction . There he met with privateer Jean Laffite . This voyage is considered the first Anglo - America n account of a sea voyage to Texas . Graham fell ill with acute dysentery on his return trip from Champ d ' Asile , but was healed by Atakapa natives . He was president of the Washington branch of the Bank of the United States , 1819 – 1823 , and commissioner of the U . S . land office , 1823 - 1830 . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery .
86th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron The 86th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the 79th Fighter Group , stationed at Youngstown Air Force Base , Ohio . It was inactivated on 1 March 1960 . It saw combat in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations in 1944 - 45 , and carried out Air Defense of Midwestern United States ; 1949 - 1960 .
Erich Olboeter Erich Olboeter ( 26 July 1917 — 2 September 1944 ) was a Sturmbannführer ( Major ) in the Waffen - SS during World War II , who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Early life . Erich Olboeter was born on 26 July 1917 , in Eberswalde near Berlin . He joined the NSDAP aged sixteen in 1933 ( party number 3 , 601 , 994 ) . In September 1934 , he volunteered to join the SS - VT . He was selected to become an officer and posted to the SS - Junkerschule in 1937 . Upon graduation in March 1938 , he was promoted to Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) and posted to the Leibstandarte SS " Adolf Hitler " Regiment . World War II . During World War II , Olboeter was in the 13th Panzerjäger company under the command of Kurt Meyer ( Olboeter was a protégé of Kurt Meyer and served under his direct command for most of the war ) . He was awarded his first combat decorations during the Battle of France ; the Infantry Assault Badge and the Iron Cross II class in 1940 . He was given command of the 15th Company , 1st SS Panzergrenader Regiment , " LSSAH " in 1941 at the start of Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union , and was awarded the Iron Cross ( 1st class ) while in command . In March 1943 , Olboeter was awarded the Wound Badge in Silver and the German Cross in Gold in 1943 while in command of the 5th ( Heavy ) Company , 1st SS Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion . He was then posted to the newly formed SS Division , 12th SS Panzer Division " Hitlerjugend " , in July 1943 , initially in command of the 12th SS Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion but later moved to command of III . ( Armoured ) Battalion , 26th SS Panzergrenadier Regiment . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross during the Battle of Normandy in July 1944 . Olboeter did not survive the war . Near Hirson , France , he drove over a land mine planted by the French Resistance and died of his wounds soon after in hospital , on 2 September 1944 .
Huntington Hardisty Huntington Hardisty ( February 3 , 1929 – October 1 , 2003 ) was a United States Navy four star admiral who served as Vice Chief of Naval Operations ( VCNO ) from 1987 to 1988 ; and Commander in Chief , United States Pacific Command ( USCINCPAC ) from 1988 to 1991 . Hardisty was offered a major league baseball contract with the Chicago Cubs but opted for a scholarship to the University of North Carolina . He later transferred to the United States Naval Academy where he played football . After graduation in 1952 he attended pilot training , and earned his wings in 1953 . As a test pilot in 1961 he set the low level speed record in an F - 4B of 900 miles per hour at 300 above the ground , a record that was unbroken for 16 years . The F - 4B is now displayed in the National Air and Space Museum in Washington D . C . His assignments included command of Carrier Air Wing Eleven , USS Savannah ( AOR - 4 ) and USS Oriskany ( CVA - 34 ) . As a flag officer he was President of the Naval War College , commanded the U . S . Naval Base Subic Bay in the Philippines ; commanded Carrier Strike Force Seventh Fleet ; and served as Director for Operations , Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff ; Deputy and Chief of Staff , United States Pacific Command ; Vice Chief of Naval Operations ; and Commander in Chief , United States Pacific Command . He also received the Gray Eagle Award . He was one of the technical directors for the movie " Hunt for Red October " . After retiring from the Navy in 1991 , he was a board member of several corporations and served as president of Kaman Aerospace International in Connecticut . He belonged to numerous organizations , including the Association of Naval Aviation , and served as chairman of the U . S . Naval Academy Alumni Association . He was survived by his wife Sharon , two sons , four grandchildren , a step daughter , and four step grandchildren . Hardisty died on October 1 , 2003 in Hartford , Connecticut at the age of 74 . He was buried on December 5 , 2003 , in Arlington National Cemetery .
Pedro Manuel de Ataíde Pedro Manuel de Ataíde ( Viana do Castelo , Portugal , 1665 - Vienna , Austria , 19 September 1722 ) was a Portuguese nobleman . He was the 5th Count of Atalaia between 1706 and his death . Life . He was the son of Luís Manuel de Távora , 4th Count of Atalaia and Maria Madalena de Noronha de Sousa , daughter of the 1st Marquis of Minas . In 1694 , together with his cousin João de Sousa , 3rd Marquis of Minas , he had a conflict with the Corregedor of Bairro Alto , which resulted in the death of the Corregedor . Both young men fled to France , where they came under the protection of François de Neufville , duc de Villeroi and fought in his army . After been pardoned by king Peter II of Portugal in 1704 , he returned to his home country and served under his father and uncle , supreme commander António Luís de Sousa , 2nd Marquis of Minas , in the War of the Spanish Succession . He participated in the Portuguese occupation of Madrid in 1706 and the following retreat to Catalonia . He distinguished himself in the Battle of Almansa where he commanded the right wing . With his father killed and his uncle recalled to Lisbon , he became the commander of the Portuguese forces in Catalonia . He commanded Portuguese and allied forces in the Battle of Zaragoza and the Battle of Villaviciosa . After the allied defeat in 1713 , he accompanied Charles III to Vienna . < br > Here he became Grandee of Spain , and was made Viceroy of Sardinia , General of the Cavalry in Naples and Governor of Castelnuovo .
USS Leyte ( ARG - 8 ) USS " Leyte " ( ARG - 8 ) , later USS " Maui " ( ARG - 8 ) , was a " Luzon " - class internal combustion engine repair ship that saw service in the United States Navy during World War II . Named after Leyte Island in the Philippines , she was the second U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name " Leyte " . Construction . " Leyte " was laid down on 20 January 1944 at the Bethlehem - Fairfield Shipyard , Inc . in Baltimore , Maryland ; launched on 18 February 1944 ; sponsored by Miss Rhoda J . Braun ; and commissioned on 17 August 1944 with Commander Elder P . Johnson in command . Operations . After training in Chesapeake Bay , " Leyte " sailed from Norfolk , Virginia , on 3 October 1944 for Pacific duty . She reported to Commander Service Force 7th Fleet on 26 November at Hollandia , New Guinea . Here she became a repair ship for LSM s , and continued this service until she departed for the Philippine Islands on 25 February 1945 . For the remainder of the War , " Leyte " served in Subic Bay . Her name was changed to USS " Maui " ( ARG - 8 ) on 31 May ( after the Island of Maui , making her the second U . S . Naval vessel to bear that name ) so that the name " Leyte " could be assigned to a new aircraft carrier then under construction , designated . The ship departed Subic Bay in early December and arrived on the west coast with 1 , 108 returning war veterans before Christmas . She became inactive in March , 1946 and decommissioned at San Diego , California on 30 August where she was assigned to the San Diego Group of the Pacific Reserve Fleet . Transfer and scrapping . In June , 1961 " Maui " was transferred to the National Defense Reserve Fleet at Suisun Bay in Benicia , California . The ship was struck from the Naval Vessel Register in September 1962 , at which time custody was transferred to MARAD . Reacquired by the Navy briefly in February – April 1967 , after which " Maui " was again struck from the Naval Register and returned to MARAD , where she remained until 1972 at which time she was scrapped .