naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Munichia The Battle of Munichia was fought between Athenians exiled by the oligarchic government of the Thirty Tyrants and the forces of that government , supported by a Spartan garrison . In the battle , a substantially superior force composed of the Spartan garrison of Athens and the army of the oligarchic government attacked a hill in Piraeus ( the Munychia ) which had been seized by 1 , 000 exiles under Thrasybulus , but was defeated . After this defeat , the Thirty Tyrants were forced to flee to Eleusis . Prelude . In late 404 BC , Thrasybulus , with other Athenian exiles , had seized Phyle , a strong point on the Athenian border . He and his men resisted an abortive attempt to dislodge them and then , as their numbers were swelled by new recruits , ambushed the Spartan garrison of Athens , which had been dispatched to watch them . Shortly after this victory , the men from Phyle , now 1 , 000 strong , marched by night to Piraeus , the port of Athens . There , being too few to defend the entire port , they seized one of its prominent hills , the Munychia . The next morning , the forces of the Thirty marched out to meet them . The battle . The Athenian exiles drew up for battle in a formation ten ranks deep at the top of the Munychia , with light troops and spear throwers behind them . Below , in one of the markets of Piraeus , the joint Spartan - oligarchic force drew up in a formation of equal width , but fifty ranks deep . The Spartan garrison held the right , the forces of the Thirty the left . Xenophon ' s account of the battle states that Thrasybulus , to inspire his men , reminded them that the enemy right was composed of men who they had routed a few days before , while the left was made up of men who had wrongly driven them from their country . The oligarchic forces advanced up the road towards the top of the hill , but before they reached the top the men from Phyle charged down the hill at them . This charge broke the oligarchic line , and the exiles pursued their enemies down the hill onto the level ground . In this rout , seventy men of the Thirty ' s force were killed . Among the dead was Critias , the leader of the Thirty ; several other prominent oligarchic leaders were also killed . Aftermath . After this battle , the prestige of the Thirty , already weakened by the earlier defeat near Phyle , was irreparably damaged . The next day the Thirty were deposed by a vote of the larger oligarchic governing body , the council of three thousand . The Thirty fled to Eleusis , and a governing board of ten was elected in their place . This new government , however , was not ready to compromise with the men in Piraeus , so envoys were sent to Sparta to request aid . A Spartan force under Pausanias was dispatched to deal with the situation ; after a face saving victory at the Battle of Piraeus , Pausanias arranged a settlement between the oligarchs and exiles that reunified Athens and Piraeus and restored democracy in Athens .
Stephen Cortright Major General Stephen Phelps Cortright USAF ( retired ) ( born March 26 , 1941 ) , is an American military officer and attorney from Oklahoma who served as the Adjutant General of Oklahoma under Governor Frank Keating from 1995 to 2003 . Concurrent with his service as Adjutant General , Cortright served in Keating ' s Cabinet as the Oklahoma Secretary of the Military . Education . General Cortright received his bachelor ' s degree from Oklahoma State University in 1964 and earned his juris doctor from the University of Tulsa in 1973 . Military career . General Cortright joined the United States Air Force on February 14 , 1964 . On May 12 , 1964 , he was commissioned as a second lieutenant and entered undergraduate pilot training at Webb Air Force Base in Texas . He is a command pilot with over 5000 hours of military flying time in the T - 33 , T - 37 , T - 38 , RF - 4C , F100 , A - 7 , and F - 16 aircraft . He flew 217 combat missions while serving in Vietnam from September 1966 through July 1967 . Following the end of the Vietnam War , Cortright returned to Oklahoma and became the operations officers with the 125th Tactical Fighter Squadron in Tulsa , Oklahoma . He later became the Squardon ' s commander . He then served as the Commander of the 138th Tactical Fighter Group , also based in Tulsa . From 1988 to 1992 , Cortight was appointed the headquarters commander of the Oklahoma Air National Guard . In 1992 , he served as the Air National Guard Assistant to the commander , Pacific Air Forces at Hickam Air Force Base in Hawaii Keating Administration . In 1995 , Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating appointed Cortright to serve as the Adjutant General of Oklahoma . As Adjurant General , General Cortright was the highest ranking military official in Oklahoma , ranking only behind Governor Keating in his role as Commander - in - Chief . General Cortright oversaw the Oklahoma Military Department and the Oklahoma National Guard . The General remained in that position until the end of Keating ' s term in 2003 . He was succeed by Air Force General Harry M . Wyatt III . Personal life . General Cortright is married to his wife , Barbara , with whom he has four children , David , Tiffany , Heather and Adam .
Tsikada Tsikada ( meaning " cicada " ) , is a Russia n satellite navigation system including ten Low Earth orbit ( LEO ) satellites . It transmits the same two carrier frequencies as the U . S . TRANSIT satellite system . The first satellite was launched in 1974 .
Garrison B . Coverdale Garrison Barkley Coverdale ( July 12 , 1905 Arizona - June 8 , 1988 Columbus , Georgia ) was a US Army Officer . General Coverdale is a member of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame . Coverdale was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General on June 13 , 1953 . From August 3 , 1961 to June 30 , 1966 , Coverdale was Chief , Intelligence Corps . Brigadier General Coverdale served as Commander of the Tokyo - Yokohama District of the IX Corps from 1954 - 56 at Hardy Barracks , Tokyo . In 1956 he became Deputy Commanding General of the 1st Cavalry Division in Tokyo at Hardy Barracks with responsibility for the Tokyo - Yokohama District . General Coverdale returned to the United States in 1957 and shortly thereafter was promoted to Major General . He remained on active duty until 1966 . In World War - 2 he served in China in Army Intelligence .
USS Yucca ( 1864 ) USS Yucca ( 1864 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used by the Union Navy as a gunboat in support of the Union Navy security of Confederate waterways . Commissioned in Boston shortly before civil war ’ s end . " Yucca " — a wooden - hulled screw steamer built in 1864 by Donald McKay at East Boston , Massachusetts — was purchased by the Navy on 25 February 1865 and was commissioned at Boston on 3 April 1865 , Acting Master Henry C . Wade in command . Assigned to patrol the Gulf Station . Commissioned just six days before General Robert E . Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia effectively ending the American Civil War , " Yucca " saw no combat in that or any other conflict . Her period of active service covered only three years , most of which she spent on the Gulf Station in the Gulf of Mexico . One sailor , Captain of the Hold John Robinson , was awarded the Medal of Honor for swimming ashore during a storm to aid " Yucca " on 19 January 1867 . Placed in ordinary . By 1868 , she had moved to Portsmouth , New Hampshire , where she was placed in ordinary . Post - war decommissioning and sale . On 26 August 1868 , " Yucca " was sold at Portsmouth to Mr . R . M . Funkhauser .
Cressy - class cruiser The " Cressy " class cruiser was a class of six armoured cruiser s launched between December 1899 and May 1901 , for the Royal Navy . Their design ' s incorporation of a pair of 9 . 2 - inch guns and armoured sides served to address criticism directed against the previous " Diadem " class — advances made possible by their 1 , 000 ton increase in displacement over their predecessors . The ships were notably stable , except for a susceptibility to pitching . Service . Until 1908 , the ships served in Home waters , the Mediterranean and the Far East . On the outbreak of the First World War " Cressy " , " Aboukir " , " Hogue " , " Bacchante " and " Euryalus " formed the Seventh Cruiser Squadron . Due to the obsolescence of the ships and that they were crewed by inexperienced reservists the squadron was known as the " Live Bait Squadron " . This epithet proved prophetic when " Cressy " , " Hogue " and " Aboukir " were sunk in a single action on 22 September 1914 by U - 9 near Holland . Building Programme . The following table gives the build details and purchase cost of the members of the " Cressy " class . Standard British practice at that time was for these costs to exclude armament and stores . The compilers of The Naval Annual revised costs quoted for British ships between the 1905 and 1906 editions .
War Memorial of the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers The War Memorial of the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers commemorates the soldiers who died in World War I and World War II . Location . The War Memorial of the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers is located in Monmouth , Monmouthshire , Wales . It is on the grounds of Castle Hill , the site of the ruins of Monmouth Castle , the birthplace of Henry V . Castle Hill is also the location of Great Castle House , the headquarters for the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers ( Militia ) . Great Castle House is home to the Castle and Regimental Museum as well . Castle Hill is not far from the Monmouth War Memorial at St . James ' Square . Description . The monument includes a two - part base upon which is a memorial cross . The design is that of a Celtic cross . The names of the dead are inscribed on the base . The memorial is dedicated : Underneath are the names of 100 soldiers of the RMRE who died in the Great War . A marble slab at the base commemorates those who died in the Second World War . Statutory List of Buildings . The war memorial is a listed building . It is on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest in the United Kingdom . It was listed as a Grade II structure on 8 October 2005 . Such structures are considered to be " nationally important and of special interest . " Ninety - two percent of listed buildings are of this grade . In addition , the Cadw Building ID Number of the war memorial is 85238 . Cadw is the historic environment service for the government of Wales . The Welsh term " cadw " means to keep or protect .
Petr Braiko Braiko Petr was a Soviet soldier during the Second World War and gained the status of Hero of the Soviet Union . He took part in seven raids by the guerrilla brigade of Sydir Kovpak . Though he did not achieve his dream of a career as a military pilot , which haunted him from childhood , he graduated from the Moscow Border Communication College . He entered action on June 22 , 1941 as a Soviet border guard on the border with Romania and witnessed the tragic encirclement and routing of Soviet forces near Kiev . He would come to spend years deep behind enemy lines where he took guidance from great Soviet guerilla leaders in Ukraine including Sydir Kovpak , Semyon Vasilyevich Rudnev and Pyotr Petrovich Vershigora .
National Reconnaissance Operations Center The United States ' National Reconnaissance Operations Center ( NROC ) is the focal point for the National Reconnaissance Office ' s current operations and for time - sensitive space - borne intelligence reporting for the United States Intelligence Community ( USIC ) . The NROC was created in response to the September 11th terrorist attacks . NROC serves as a back - up to the Joint Space Operations Center ( JSpOC ) , located at Vandenberg AFB , California . New York ' s 222d Command and Control Squadron ( 222 CACS ) provides personnel augmentation to NROC .
Gotha Go 145 The Gotha Go 145 was a German World War II - era biplane of wood and fabric construction used by " Luftwaffe " training units . Although obsolete by the start of World War II , the Go 145 remained in operational service until the end of the War in Europe as a night harassment bomber . Background . On 2 October 1933 the Gotha aircraft company was re - established . The first aircraft manufactured was the Gotha Go 145 , a two - seat biplane designed by Albert Kalkert made out of wood with a fabric covering . The Go 145 featured fixed landing gear and was powered by an Argus As 10 C air - cooled engine fitted with a two - blade fixed - pitch propeller . The first prototype took to the air in February 1934 , and was followed by a production model , the Gotha Go 145A , with controls in both cockpits for trainee and instructor . Operational service . In 1935 , the Go 145 started service with " Luftwaffe " training units . The aircraft proved a successful design and production of the Go 145 was taken up by other companies , including AGO , Focke - Wulf and BFW . Licensed versions were also manufactured in Spain and Turkey . The Spanish version , called the CASA 1145 - L actually remained in service until long after World War II . Without prototypes 1 , 182 Go 145 were built in Germany for " Luftwaffe " service and an unknown number of license - produced Go 145 . Further development of the aircraft continued , the Gotha Go 145B was fitted with an enclosed cockpit and wheel spats ( an aerodynamic wheel housing on fixed - gear ) . The Go 145C was developed for gunnery training and was fitted with a single 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) MG 15 machine gun for the rear seat , after removal of flight controls for the rear seat . By 1942 , the Russians began using obsolete aircraft such as the Polikarpov Po - 2 to conduct night harassment missions against the Germans . Noting the success of the raids , the Germans began conducting their own night harassment missions with obsolete aircraft on the Eastern Front . In December 1942 , the first " Störkampfstaffel " ( harassment squadron ) was established and equipped with Gotha Go 145 and Arado Ar 66 . The night harassment units were successful and by October 1943 there were six night harassment squadrons equipped with Gotha Go 145 . Also in October 1943 , the " Störkampfstaffeln " were brought together into larger " Nachtschlachtgruppe ( NSGr ) " ( night ground attack group , literally night battle group ) units of either three or four squadrons each . In March 1945 " Nachtschlachtgruppe " 5 had 69 Gotha Go 145 ’ s on strength of which 52 were serviceable while " Nachtschlachtgruppe " 3 in the Courland Pocket had 18 Gotha Go 145 ’ s on strength of which 16 were serviceable . When the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945 the Gotha Go 145 equipped the majority of the " Nachtschlachtgruppen " . Both examples are badly damaged and are in storage .
No . 20 Squadron IAF No . 20 Squadron Indian Air Force is a fighter squadron . It is equipped with Sukhoi Su - 30MKI and based at Lohegaon Air Force Station , Pune . The IAF ' s most decorated squadron , No . 20 " Lightnings " , was re - commissioned from its number plated status to operational status . Its pilots and crews were mainly drawn from the first Sukhoi squadron , No . 24 Squadron IAF ' Hunting Hawks , ' with which it shares Lohegaon Air Force Station , and therefore have considerable experience on the type .
Joshua B . Howell Joshua B . Howell was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War . He served in Southeast Virginia and the Carolinas . He was mortally wounded late in the war following a horse riding accident . Early life . Howell was born in New Jersey in 1806 on his family ' s estate named " Fancy Hill " . His father , Colonel Joshua Ladd Howell had served in the War of 1812 and his grandfather , also named Joshua Ladd Howell , served as a quartermaster during the American Revolution . Early War Service . In 1861 at the outbreak of the Civil War , Howell was appointed Brigadier General in the Pennsylvania Militia . He was also commissioned colonel of the 85th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry regiment with which he would serve during the war . His regiment was assigned to the IV Corps during the Peninsula Campaign . Following the battle of Malvern Hill Colonel Howell and the 85th Pennsylvania were transferred to North Carolina serving under the XVIII Corps . Howell fought in the Goldsboro Expedition at the battles of Kinston , White Hall and Goldsboro . Charleston . For the next 6 months Howell was in command of a brigade in the XVIII Corps along the North Carolina coast . In July 1863 his brigade was transferred to the X Corps in the Department of the South . Howell ' s brigade was designated the 2nd Brigade , Terry ' s Division , X Corps and took part in the siege of Charleston Harbor . At one point during the siege , Howell was wounded in the head when a Confederate artillery shell from Fort Wagner hit the bombproof he was in . His soldiers feared he was dead but his wound proved to be minor and Howell returned to his command . He kept a piece of the shell fragment with him in remembrance of his close call . Petersburg & Death . In 1864 the X Corps was transferred to the Army of the James in conjunction with Ulysses S . Grant ' s Overland Campaign . Howell led his brigade during the Bermuda Hundred Campaign and the early stages of the Siege of Petersburg where he was occasionally in command of a division . He happened to be acting commander of the 3rd Division , X Corps when he was severely injured in a fall from his horse . His injuries proved to be mortal and Colonel Howell died in the field hospital of the 85th Pennsylvania on September 14 , 1864 , three days after his 58th birthday . He was posthumously promoted to brigadier general , backdated to September 13 , 1864 . He was interred in Clarksboro , New Jersey . Memorial . In the fall of 1864 the 32nd U . S . Colored Infantry constructed fortifications on Hilton Head Island to protect the Freedmen ' s town of Mitchelville . General John G . Foster named the post Fort Howell in honor of Colonel Howell .
ADM - 141 TALD The ADM - 141A / B TALD was an American decoy missile originally built by Brunswick Corporation for the USAF and the Israeli Air Force . Later it transitioned to joint US / Israeli manufacture with Israeli Military Industries Advanced Systems Division ( IMI - ASD ) . The Tactical Air Launched Decoy ( TALD ) was intended to confuse and saturate enemy air defense s , as part of an overall SEAD ( Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses ) strategy thus allowing attacking aircraft and weapons a higher probability of penetrating to the target . The Improved TALD is a turbojet - powered version . History . In the 1970s , the Brunswick Corp . developed several unpowered radar decoys including the Samson , which was produced for the Israeli Air Force by Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) in the early 1980s . The Samson proved highly successful , prompting the US Navy to purchase some 2 , 000 of them during the mid to late 1980s . The first units entered US service in 1987 ; in 1985 , Brunswick was asked to develop an improved Samson named TALD . The TALD was an expendable glide vehicle with a square fuselage , flip - out wings , and three tail control surfaces . A digital flight control system could be programmed to conduct various speed or manoeuvering changes during flight . The missile could be launched from 12 , 200 metres ( 40 , 000 ft ) , at which height it had a range of up to - a low altitude range reduced this to . Variants . The TALD was built in different versions . ADM - 141A . The ADM - 141A has a passive and active radar enhancers . An IR addon was fielded for a while but was later withdrawn from service . ADM - 141B . The ADM - 141B carries a 36 kg ( 80 lb ) payload of chaff . ADM - 141C . The ADM - 141C ( ITALD ) has the same passive and active radar enhancers as the ADM - 141A TALD . Operations . The TALD was used with great success in the opening stages of Operation Desert Storm in 1991 ; more than 100 were launched on the opening night of the war , with the first being deployed by Lt Jeff Greer . This prompted the Iraqi air defense to activate many of its radar s - most of which were then destroyed by anti - radiation missiles . The Improved TALD is powered by a Teledyne CAE Model 312 ( J700 - CA - 400 ) turbojet . This boosted the range to more than at high altitude and at low altitude . This model was also capable of performing a flight profile which resembled that of a real aircraft much more convincingly . Initially twenty TALDs were upgraded to ADM - 141C ITALD configuration , with the first flight conducted in 1996 . Since then the U . S . Navy has ordered over 200 ADM - 141Cs . The major user of the ADM - 141 is the F / A - 18 Hornet . A single Hornet can carry up to 6 decoys . References . Article source : Vectorsite ' s " Unmanned Aerial Vehicles " by Greg Goebel .
Andromachus of Cyprus " For other uses , see Andromachus " Andromachus of Cyprus was an allied admiral of Alexander the Great during the Siege of Tyre ( 332 BC ) . ( Arrian , Ana ii . 20 . ) He may have been the same Andromachus who was shortly afterwards appointed governor of Coele - Syria , and was burnt to death by the Samaritans . ( Curt . iv . 5 , 8 . )
Bryges Bryges or Briges ( ) is the historical name given to a people of the ancient Balkans . They are generally considered to have been related to the Phrygians , who during classical antiquity lived in western Anatolia . Both names , " Bryges " and " Phrygians " , are assumed to be variants of the same root . Based on archaeological evidence , some scholars ( e . g . , Nicholas Hammond , Eugene N . Borza et al . ) argue that the Bryges / Phrygians were members of the Lusatian culture that migrated into the southern Balkans during the Late Bronze Age . History . The earliest mentions of the Bryges are contained in the historical writings of Herodotus , who relates them to Phrygians , stating that according to the Macedonians , the Bryges " changed their name " to " Phryges " after migrating into Anatolia , a movement which is thought to have happened between 1200 BC and 800 BC perhaps due to the Bronze Age collapse , particularly the fall of the Hittite Empire and the power vacuum that was created . In the Balkans , the Bryges occupied central Albania and northern Epirus , as well as Macedonia , mainly west of the Axios river , but also Mygdonia , which was conquered by the kingdom of Macedon in the early 5th century BC . They seem to have lived peacefully next to the inhabitants of Macedonia , however , Eugammon in his " Telegony " , drawing upon earlier epic traditions , mentions that Odysseus commanded the Epirotian Thesprotians against the Bryges . Small groups of Bryges , after the migration to Anatolia and the expansion of the kingdom of Macedon , were still left in northern Pelagonia and around Epidamnus . Herodotus also mentions that in 492 BC , some Thracian Brygoi or Brygians ( Greek : Βρύγοι Θρήικες ) fell upon the Persian camp by night , wounding Mardonius himself , though he went on with the campaign until he subdued them . These Brygoi were later mentioned in Plutarch ' s " Parallel Lives " , in the Battle of Philippi , as camp servants of Brutus . However , modern scholars state that a historical link between them and the original Bryges cannot be established . Etymology . There is no certain derivation for the name and tribal origin of the Bryges . In 1844 , Hermann Müller suggested the name might be related to the same Indo - European root as that of to German " Berg " ( mountain ) and Slavic " breg " ( hill , slope , mountain ) , i . e . IE . It would then be cognate with Western European tribal names such as the Celtic Brigantes and the Germanic Burgundians , and semantically motivated by some aspect of the word meanings " high , elevated , noble , illustrious " . Proper names . Some personal or geographic names mentioned in ancient authors may be etymologically related to " Bryges " :