naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
3rd Division ( Iraq ) The 3rd Division is a formation of the Iraqi Army . It was active by 1941 , disbanded along with the rest of the Iraqi Army in 2003 , but reactivated by 2005 . History . Before being disbanded in 2003 , the previous 3rd Division had been one of the four original division s of the Iraqi Army , being active in 1941 . In July 1958 elements of the division had overthrown the Iraqi government in the 14 July Revolution , with Abd al - Karim Qasim , commander of the 20th Infantry Brigade ( an armoured brigade according to Darwish and Alexander ) stationed near Ba ' quba , the originator of the coup . However the actual overthrow was led by a battalion commander , Abdul Salam Arif , in the 19th Infantry Brigade . Some time in the 1950s or 1960s the division was converted into the 3rd Armoured Division , which was deployed to the 1967 Six Day War . Iraqi participation in the Six Day War was limited , principally owing to the slow reaction of the 3rd Armoured Division , which had been stationed in eastern Jordan . The 3rd Armoured Division did not organise itself and reach the front line before the Jordanians ceased operations . Later during the events of Black September in Jordan , 1970 , the division was still stationed in northeast Jordan . Though the Jordanians needed forces to repel the Syrian invasion , they had to keep the 99th Brigade of their 3rd Armoured Division out of the conflict so that they could watch the Iraqi division . The 3rd Armoured Division saw service later in the Yom Kippur War , under the command of Brig . Gen . Lafta , and was deployed alongside the Jordanian 40th Armoured Brigade . By that time , ' the division was the elite unit of the army , and Iraqi officers avidly competed to be assigned to it . ' The Division suffered heavy casualties during the war , losing more than 157 tanks , 278 dead and 898 wounded . The 8th Mechanised Brigade was completely destroyed on 13 October in an ambush set by four Israeli armoured brigades at Tel Shaar , between Maschara and Nasej . The division later fought in the Iran - Iraq War , Persian Gulf War , operations in the 1990s , and the 2003 invasion of Iraq . Just before the Iraq War it was part of the II Corps , on the Iranian border . It comprised the 6th Armoured Brigade , 12th Armoured Brigade , and 8th Mechanised Brigade . It was disbanded when the Iraqi Armed Forces were formally dissolved by Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 2 . The division is now is headquartered at Al Kisik . Its units were part of the original three division New Iraqi Army . As of January 2005 , the division was commanded by Maj . Gen . Khursheed Saleem Hassan . The 3rd Division was transferred from coalition control to the Iraqi Ground Forces Command on 1 December 2006 .
Étienne - François Letourneur Étienne - François - Louis - Honoré Letourneur , Le Tourneur , or Le Tourneur de la Manche ( 15 March 1751 – 4 October 1817 ) was a French lawyer , soldier , and politician of the French Revolution . Early career . Born in Granville , Manche , he studied at a military school , then served in the Nord , and in Cherbourg . In 1792 , he was elected to the Legislative Assembly for Manche , and voted in favor of King Louis XVI ' s execution , against a suspended sentence ( but in favor of possibility of appeal to the people ' s mercy ) . Republic and Empire . Letourneur served the Republic ' s National Convention as an overseer of defense during the Siege of Toulon , and took the task of reorganizing the Mediterranean Fleet . He was elected to the French Directory ' s Council of Ancients , became one of the government leaders ( " directors " ) on 2 November 1795 . In April 1797 he left office , under the system whereby one director retired each year , chosen by lot ( " illustration " ) . He then became a general of the French Revolutionary Army . Under the Consulate , Letourneur was designated by Napoleon Bonaparte " préfet " of the Loire - Inférieure " département " , then counsel for the " Cour des Comptes " . Nevertheless , Letourneur was exiled after the end of the French Empire , living the rest of his life in Brussels .
National Ground Intelligence Center The National Ground Intelligence Center ( NGIC ) is part of the United States Army Intelligence and Security Command . The NGIC provides scientific and technical intelligence ( S & T ) and general military intelligence ( GMI ) on foreign ground forces in support of the warfighting commanders , force and material developers , Department of the Army , Department of Defense , and National - level decisionmakers . The NGIC also manages the Army ' s Foreign Materiel Exploitation Program and foreign material acquisition requirements , and constitutes a single authoritative source for comprehensive ground forces threat to the Army and other services . ( Chapter 8 , Army Field Manual 34 - 37 , Preliminary Draft ) The Center is located in northern Albemarle County , Virginia , just north of Charlottesville . It is approximately 100 miles southwest of Washington , D . C . and 85 miles west of Richmond , Virginia . NGIC was created on 8 July 1994 , by merging the US Army Foreign Science and Technology Center ( FSTC ) and the US Army Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center ( ITAC ) . The former headquarters of FSTC in Charlottesville , Virginia , became the headquarters of the new Center . ( INSCOM Permanent Order 41 - 1 , 3 June 1994 ) The Air Force counterpart to NGIC is the National Air and Space Intelligence Center , located at Wright - Patterson AFB , Ohio .
19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron The 19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron ( 19 EWXS ) is a unit of the United States Air Force performing weather forecasting related duties as part of ISAF in Afghanistan . It belongs to the 504th Expeditionary Air Support Operations Group . The squadron was first active in 1942 during World War II where it served in Africa , and then after the war in Germany before returning to the United States . It was inactive between 1961 and 2009 . Emblem . The emblem was approved on 10 July 1959 . Blazon : On a disc per bend sinister Azure and Khaki , a bendlet Or , a sword palewise point to base Argent charged with at nombril with a starburst of the third fimbriated of the first , in dexter and sinister a cloud formation of the fourth , each charged with a lightning bolt palewise Gules ; all within a narrow Yellow border . Attached below the disc , a Blue scroll edged with a narrow Yellow border and inscribed " 19TH EXP WEATHER SQ " in Yellow letters . Symbolism : Ultramarine blue and Air Force yellow are the Air Force colors . Blue alludes to the sky , the primary theater of Air Force operations . Yellow refers to the sun and the excellence required of Air Force personnel . The significance of the split field has to do with weather support to both Air Force aviation and to the Army ground forces . Bad weather represented by thunderclouds with lightning threatens both the air and ground theaters of operation , but the mission of the 19 EWXS is to forecast good weather , which is represented by the sun , in the midst of bad in which the unit can deliver combat power , signified by the sword , from the air to the ground . Awards and Decorations . Service Streamer : European - African - Middle Eastern Theater
HMS Chesapeake ( 1855 ) HMS Chesapeake was a Royal Navy screw - propelled 51 - gun frigate launched in 1855 , with a crew of 510 men . She saw action during the Second Opium War and there is a memorial to her losses at Southsea , near Portsmouth . She was the flagship of the British China Squadron in 1861 . Admiral of the Fleet , Lord Fisher served on her as an acting lieutenant in 1860 .
Thomas Oliver Selfridge Rear Admiral Thomas Oliver Selfridge ( 24 April 1804 – 15 October 1902 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the Mexican – American War and the American Civil War and was the father of Thomas O . Selfridge , Jr . Selfridge was appointed midshipman on 1 January 1818 . Promoted to Lieutenant in 1827 , he served in the East India , Mediterranean , and Pacific Squadron s . He took command of sloop , in May 1847 and participated in the capture of Mazatlán and Guaymas . Badly wounded in the latter engagement , he was invalided home in June 1848 . He was subsequently assigned to the Boston Navy Yard , where he remained until 1861 . He commanded , flagship of the Gulf Squadron , on blockade duty off Mobile , Alabama and off the passes of the Mississippi River . His old wound forced him to relinquish his command in February 1862 , and he served ashore until retiring in 1866 . He was a Veteran Companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and the Military Order of Foreign Wars . Rear Admiral Selfridge died in Waverly ( now part of Belmont , Massachusetts ) .
Avi Mizrahi Aluf Avi ( Abraham ) Mizrahi ( born 1957 ) is a general in the Israel Defense Forces , the Head of Israeli Central Command between October 2009 and March 2012 . Military career . Mizrahi was drafted by the IDF in 1975 , and joined Sayeret Golani ( 95th Recon . Company ) , the SF unit of the 1st Infantry Brigade . He later entered the Israeli Armor Corps , where he worked his way up to brigade commander . After that he served as the representative of the IDF GOC Army Headquarters at United States Army Training and Doctrine Command ( TRADOC ) and the commander of several formations . In 2005 Mizrahi was appointed the head of the Logistics , Medical , and the Centers Directorate , and from 2007 until 2009 he served as the Chief of the Ground forces . Before his most recent appointment , Mizrahi served as the Head of the IDF GOC Army Headquarters . Since October 2009 until March 2012 Mizrahi served as the Head of the IDF Central Command . Turkish - Israeli diplomatic incident . In February 2009 , during a speech at the Gelilot military base , Mizrahi caused a diplomatic incident , commenting on sharp critical remarks voiced by Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan over the Gaza War . Mizrahi noted that Turkey had no right to criticize Israel ' s action as Turkey itself stationed troops in Northern Cyprus , oppressed its Kurdish minority , and massacred Armenians during World War I . Israeli ambassador was summoned to Turkey ' s foreign ministry to explain these remarks , while IDF Spokesperson ' s Unit issued a statement saying Mizrahi ' s words do not represent any official position .
Scordia Airfield Scordia Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Italy , which was located approximately 1 km north of Scordia in Sicily . It was an all - weather temporary field built by the XII Engineer Command using a graded earth compacted surface , with a prefabricated hessian ( burlap ) surfacing known as PHS . PHS was made of an asphalt - impregnated jute which was rolled out over the compacted surface over a square mesh track ( SMT ) grid of wire joined in 3 - inch squares . Pierced Steel Planking was also used for parking areas , as well as for dispersal sites , when it was available . In addition , tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities ; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure ; a dump for supplies , ammunition , and gasoline drums , along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting . Once completed it was turned over for use by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force 57th Fighter Group during August 1943 , flying combat operations with P - 40 Warhawk s . When the 57th moved out to Milazzo to prepare for the invasion of the Italian mainland , the airfield was closed and dismantled . Today , there is traces of the airfield remaining on the landscape visible from aerial photography , but no buildings or physical features remain .
238th Infantry Regiment ( Imperial Japanese Army ) The 238th Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment in the Imperial Japanese Army . The regiment was attached to the 41st Division . The regiment participated during the Second Sino - Japanese War and during the later stages of World War II , the regiment was in New Guinea , as part of the Japanese Eighteenth Army taking part in the New Guinea campaign .
Czechoslovak War Cross The Czechoslovak War Cross ( Československý válečný kříž in Czech , Československý vojnový kríž in Slovak ) is a military decoration of the former state of Czechoslovakia which was issued as a service medal of both World War I and World War II . There are two versions of the decoration , commonly referred to as the " Czechoslovak War Cross 1918 " and the " Czechoslovak War Cross 1939 - 1945 . " The " Czechoslovak War Cross 1918 " was awarded for acts of military valour during the years of World War I . Instituted on November 7 , 1918 , it was issued to Czechoslovak citizens and also , upon application , to citizens of Germany and Austria who had served in the Czechoslovak armed forces during the Great War with distinction and bravery and also during border conflicts with Poland and Hungary . The " Czechoslovak War Cross 1939 - 1945 " was awarded for those who had provided great service the Czechoslovak state during the years of World War II .
Yun Feng The Yun Feng ( " Cloud Peak " ) is a long - range surface - to - surface cruise missile currently being developed by the Republic of China , scheduled for production in 2014 . Design and development . Developed by the Chungshan Institute of Science and Technology , design specifications for the Yun Feng call for a range of up to at speeds of over Mach 3 ; the missile is expected to enter service in 2014 . The Yung Feng is stated as being a response to the modernisation of the People ' s Republic of China ' s submarine - launched ballistic missile s . It was claimed that the Yun Feng was designed with assistance from a European country , the identity of which was not specified by the Republic of China ; it was stated that production of the missile would begin in 2014 , however the Ministry of National Defense denied reports of the missile ' s development . The Yun Feng ' s performance specifications would violate the Missile Technology Control Regime , of which the Republic of China is not a member .
RAF Weston - on - the - Green RAF Weston - on - the - Green is a former Royal Flying Corps station that was redeveloped after the Great War period . Much demolition took place ( including the original 1916 / 1917 hangars ) . The former RFC Officers and Sergeant ' s messes are located on the opposite side of the road , and are now in commercial use . The station is located near the village of Weston - on - the - Green in Oxfordshire , England . RAF Weston - on - the - Green is one of the few remaining active RAF bases with some original pre - RAF buildings . History . The airfield was used for the launch of the first modern hot air balloon in the UK in 1967 , called the Bristol Belle . Current use . The station comes under the control of the nearby RAF Brize Norton . It is used for parachute training for the UK military . The No . 1 Parachute Training School RAF is based at RAF Brize Norton and uses Weston - on - the - Green regularly as a drop zone . Basic military parachute jumping takes place at RAF Weston - on - the - Green from civilian aircraft that are based on the airfield and more advanced jumping takes place from C - 130 Hercules aircraft based at RAF Brize Norton . No military aircraft are based at RAF Weston - on - the - Green . The airfield is only manned part - time by RAF personnel . There was a commercial parachute club , Skydive , however that has moved its base of operations away from Weston . Some of the original buildings still stand , and the Skyvan aircraft originally used is now used during weekdays . Oxford Gliding Club . Among the various organisations that use the airfield , Oxford Gliding Club use it now . They operate on the weekends with various club gliders , and about 30 private gliders . The club owns 2 Schleicher ASK 13 s , 2 K 8 s , one Grob Astir , one DG - 505 and a Slingsby T . 21 . The club uses the hangar in the northern side of the airfield , however the launch point varies according to the wind . The club will celebrate its 75th anniversary in 2012 . It is one of the oldest clubs in the country .
Advanced Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance System Advanced Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance System ( ATARS ) is a system for image acquisition , data storage , and data link used by the United States Marine Corps on its F / A - 18D Hornet aircraft . It consists of the Advanced Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance System ( ATARS ) with infrared and visible light sensors , two digital tape recorders , and a Reconnaissance Management System ( RMS ) ; an interface with the APG - 73 Radar Upgrade ( Phase II ) which records synthetic aperture radar ( SAR ) imagery ; and a digital data link mounted in a centerline pod . ATARS fits in the nose in place of the nose gun , with a small datalink pod mounted on the centerline station . The digital data link will transmit imagery and auxiliary data to any Common Imaging Ground / Surface Station ( CIG / SS ) compatible system including the Joint Services Imagery Processing System ( JSIPS ) or Marine Tactical Exploitation Group ( TEG ) based ashore and Navy JSIPS ( JSIPS - N ) aboard ship . Operational Use . Each of the six U . S . Marine Corps F / A - 18D squadrons have three ATARS aircraft , giving a total of 18 ATARS equipped aircraft altogether . The first operational use of ATARS equipped aircraft occurred in February 2000 when MCAS Beaufort based VMFA ( AW ) - 332 deployed to Hungary in Operation Allied Force . ATARS is a considerable advance in capability on the Marines old RF - 4B / C aircraft . Other uses . ATARS also is the acronym for an unrelated Air Force program , Aircrew Training and Rehearsal Support . The ATARS program acquires , sustains and supports mission qualification training and rehearsal system hardware , software and courseware ( to include instructors ) for Air Force Special Operations Forces ( AFSOF ) , Combat Search and rescue ( CSAR ) and UH - 1 operations . Weapon systems include the MH - 53J / M , UH - 1N , HH - 60G , CV - 22 , MC - 130E / H / P , AC - 130H / U , HC - 130P / N , and EC - 130J .
Dimachae Dimachae ( di - " dual " + mache " fight " ) were Macedonian horse - soldiers , who also fought on foot when occasion required . Their armour was heavier than that of the ordinary hetairoi , and lighter than that of the regular heavy - armed pezhetairoi . A servant accompanied each soldier in order to take care of his horse when he alighted to fight on foot . This species of troops is said to have been first introduced by Alexander the Great .
XV Corps ( Union Army ) The XV Army Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War . It served in the Army of the Tennessee under Maj . Gens . Ulysses S . Grant and William T . Sherman . It was commanded by Sherman in the Siege of Vicksburg and then by Maj . Gen . John A . Logan in Sherman ' s Atlanta Campaign . Brig . Gen . Peter J . Osterhaus commanded the corps in the March to the Sea , but Logan was back in command during Sherman ' s Carolina Campaign . When General Howard became head of the Freedman ' s Bureau , Logan became the commander of the Army of the Tennessee for the final march to Washington . William Hazen became the XV Corps final commander . The XV Corps ' badge was a shield with a cartridge box in the middle with the Corps motto " 40 Rounds . " The badge and motto originated from the Western XV Corps ' rivalry with the eastern XII Corps . When the Western and Eastern soldiers finally met up near Chattanooga in late 1863 , the XI and XII Corps soldiers bragged about their crescent and star - shaped corps badges . When asked what badge the XV Corps had ( The XV Corps did not have one yet at the time ) , an Irish soldier of the XV Corps said , " Moon and stars is it ? Sure it was the light of both ye needed to find your way home from Chancellorsville ! " ( The XI Corps had been routed at that battle ) whereupon he slapped his cartridge box and said , " Corps badge ? " This " is the badge of the Fifteenth Corps ; 40 rounds ! " This saying eventually reached the ears of General Logan . He soon sent out the following circular to his men : An alternate retelling of the tale behind the unique corps - badge , as given by Sherman in his " Memoirs " :
M - 26 artillery rocket M26 is the basic MLRS rocket . It is unguided with a range of 20 mi ( 32 km ) . It is armed with 644 M77 DPICM ( Dual - Purpose Improved Conventional Munitions ) anti - personnel / anti - materiel grenade s , which are dispersed over the target in mid - air and detonate on impact . There is a newer , guided DPICM - armed MLRS rocket called the M30 . The UK Ministry of Defence has recently announced it will cease to use dumb cluster munition s and will destroy its remaining stocks of the M30 . The British Army will instead procure the " M31 " variant which has a unitary high - explosive warhead .
Jagdstaffel 30 Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 30 , commonly abbreviated to Jasta 30 , was a World War I " hunting group " ( i . e . , fighter squadron ) of the " Luftstreitkräfte " , which was the forerunner to the Luftwaffe . The unit would score a minimum of 63 aerial victories during the war , at the expense of twelve killed in action , six wounded in action , and two taken prisoner of war . History . Jagstaffel 30 was formed on 14 December 1916 at Breslau , and mobilized for action on 21 January 1917 at Phalempin . Its first victory came on 1 March , being scored by its new commander , Hans Bethge . It served through the German Empire ' s defeat and dissolution . Staffelführer s ( Commanding Officers ) . 1 Hans Bethge : Transferred in from Jasta 1 on 15 January 1916 - 10 November 1917 2 Kurt Preissler : 10 November 1917 - 10 December 1917 3 Hans Bethge : 10 December 1917 - 15 January 1918 4 Kurt Preissler : 15 January 1918 - 19 January 1918 5 Hans Bethge : 19 January 1918 - KIA 17 March 1918 6 Kurt Preissler : 19 March 1918 - transferred to staff of Jagdgruppe II on 16 April 1918 7 Hans - Georg von der Marwitz : 17 April 1918 - WIA on 17 June 1918 8 Hans Eggers : 17 June 1918 - 21 June 1918 9 Richard Flashar : Transferred from Jagdgruppe III on 21 June 1918 - 1 July 1918 10 Kurt Müller : Transferred from Jasta 24 on 1 July 1918 - 25 July 1918 11 Hans - Georg von der Marwitz : 25 July 1918 - 1 August 1918 12 Hans Holthusen : 1 August 1918 - 14 August 1918 13 Hans - Georg von der Marwitz : 15 August 1918 - 11 November 1918 Aerodromes . 1 Breslau ( now in Poland ) : 14 December 1916 - 25 January 1917 2 Phalempin , France : 25 January 1917 - 9 August 1918 3 Moislains : 9 August 1918 - 10 August 1918 4 Phalempin : 10 August 1918 - 19 August 1918 5 Avelin : 19 August 1918 - 30 September 1918 6 Baisieux : 30 September 1918 - 15 October 1918 7 Avaing : 15 October 1918 - 11 November 1918 Notable personnel . Hans Bethge and Hans - Georg von der Marwitz scored about half the squadron ' s aerial victories between them . Both of them were recipients of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern and the Iron Cross . Joachim von Bertrab , an Iron Cross winner , was noted for having shot down two pairs of enemy planes in a single day ; one pair consisted of two Martinsyde Elephants . Blue Max winner Hans Buddecke also served with Jasta 30 . Aircraft . The Pfalz D . III was introduced into service in August 1917 . It was rugged and reliable , though mediocre in performance . It was still being used by Jasta 30 as late as 17 March 1918 , when Hans Bethge was killed while flying one . The Halberstadt D . II was brought into service in the summer of 1916 , to be followed shortly by the Halberstadt D . III used by Jasta 30 . The Halberstadts were usually succeeded by newer Albatros planes , with the Halberstadts relegated to use as trainers . Operations . Jasta 30 ' s only verified operational commitment was to the 6th Armee .