naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Lake Benacus The Battle of Lake Benacus was fought along the banks of Lake Garda in northern Italy , which was known to the Romans as Benacus , in early 269 AD , between the army under the command of the Roman Emperor Claudius II and the Germanic tribes of the Alamanni and Juthungi . Background . Ιn 268 , the Alamanni , who had been making incursions into Roman territory since the reign of Marcus Aurelius , had broken through the Roman frontier at the Danube and crossed the Alps . The power struggles in Mediolanum due to Aureolus ' revolt , the murder of Emperor Gallienus and the resulting confrontation between Aureolus and Claudius , who had been nominated as emperor by Gallienus on his death bed , forced the Romans to denude the frontier of troops . Having defeated and killed Aureolus in the Siege of Mediolanum Claudius led his army , together with the remants of Aureolus ' force , north to confront the Germans . Battle and aftermath . Details of the battle are unknown but future emperor Aurelian certainly played a part . After what was described as a complete victory , Claudius assumed the title Germanicus Maximus . Much of the German army was slaughtered on the field with the remainder retreating beyond the bounds of the empire . Claudius returned to Rome after the battle to attend to affairs of state . The Alemanni returned to Italy in 271 and won a victory against Emperor Aurelian at the Battle of Placentia .
Accensi Accensi ( Singular : " accensus " ) were light infantry in the armies of the early Roman Republic . They were the poorest men in the legion , and could not afford much equipment . They did not wear armour or carry shields , and their usual position was part of the third battle line . They fought in a loose formation , supporting the heavier troops . They were eventually phased out by the time of Second Punic War . History and deployment . " Accensi " appear to have evolved from the old fifth class of the army under the Etruscan kings when it was reformed by Marcus Furius Camillus . The fifth class was made up of the poorest soldiers in the legion who were equipped with slings and perhaps a small shield . They acted as skirmishers , screening their own formations and disrupting the enemy . It is likely that engagements with the Samnites and a crushing defeat at the hands of the Gauls taught the Romans the importance of flexibility and the inadequacy of the phalanx on the rough , hilly ground of central Italy . Camillan system . In the early Camillan system of organisation of the 3rd and 4th centuries BC , men were sorted into classes according to wealth , the " accensi " being the poorest . " Accensi " were armed with slings which they used to hurl stones at enemy formations . They fought as skirmishers , wearing only a tunic and sometimes carrying a small round shield . In this type of legion , the 900 " accensi " formed 15 maniples , military units of 60 men each , which were in turn part of 15 " ordines " , larger units made up of a maniple of " triarii " , a maniple of " rorarii " and a maniple of " accensi " . The " accensi " stood in the last line of the legion , behind the front line of " hastati " , the second line of " principes " , the third of " triarii " and the fourth of " rorarii " . In a pitched battle , the " leves " , javelin armed skirmishers who were attached to maniples of " hastati " , would form up at the front of the legion and harass the enemy with javelin fire and cover the advance of the " hastati " , spear armed infantry . If the " hastati " failed to break the enemy , they would fall back and let the " principes " , heavier and more experienced infantry , take over . If the " principes " did not break them , they would retire behind the " triarii " , who would then engage the enemy in turn — hence the expression " rem ad Triarios redisse " , " it has come to the " triarii " " — signalling an act of desperation . The " equites " , cavalrymen , were used as flankers and to pursue routing enemies . The " rorarii " , the poorer reserve soldiers , and " accensi " , the least dependable troops armed with sling s , would be used in a support role , providing mass and supporting wavering areas of the line . Polybian system . By the time of the later Polybian system of the 2nd century BC , " accensi " had been phased out . " Velites " , light skirmishers , would now fulfill skirmishing duties and troops that would usually have gone into the accensi would now be excluded from service .
Angus MacDonell Angus MacDonell ( ca 1751 - 1817 ? ) was a soldier and political figure in Upper Canada . He was born at Sandaig in Inverness - shire Scotland around 1751 . He came to North America with General Simon Fraser ' s 71st Regiment which fought for the British in the American Revolution ; MacDonell reached the rank of lieutenant . He appears to have been taken prisoner at Yorktown , Virginia and returned to Britain . In 1786 , he returned to Canada and received a grant of land in Charlottenburgh Township . He represented Glengarry & Prescott in the 3rd Parliament of Upper Canada . Later , he is believed to have become a fur trader and left the area .
Charles Haight Charles Haight ( January 4 , 1838 , Colts Neck Township , New Jersey - August 1 , 1891 , Freehold , New Jersey ) was a Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey ' s 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1867 - 1871 . Haight was born in Colts Neck Township , New Jersey on January 4 , 1838 . He attended private schools in Freehold , New Jersey , and graduated from Princeton College in 1857 . He studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1861 and commenced practice in Freehold . He was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly from 1860 – 1862 and served as speaker in 1861 and 1862 . He was commissioned a brigadier general of militia on May 27 , 1861 , and during the American Civil War was in command of Camp Vredenburgh from August 22 , 1862 , until the close of the war . Haight was elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty - first Congresses , serving in office from March 4 , 1867 – March 3 , 1871 , but was not a candidate for renomination in 1870 to the Forty - second Congress . After leaving Congress , he resumed the practice of law . He was a delegate to the 1872 Democratic National Convention , and served as chairman of the State delegation . He was appointed prosecutor of the pleas . He was appointed prosecuting attorney of Monmouth County in 1873 and served until his death in Freehold on August 1 , 1891 . He was interred in Maplewood Cemetery in Freehold .
John F . O ' Ryan John Francis O ' Ryan ( August 21 , 1874 - January 29 , 1961 ) was Commanding General of the 27th Division during World War I . Career . John F . O ' Ryan received a law degree from New York University and became an attorney in 1898 . He enlisted in the New York National Guard while still a college student and received his commission as a Second Lieutenant in 1900 . In 1912 O ' Ryan was appointed Major General and commander of the New York National Guard . He graduated from the Army War College in 1914 and served in the 1916 Villa Expedition . At the start of World War I the New York National Guard was organized as the 27th Infantry Division . The 27th saw action in Belgium and France , and O ' Ryan , the Army ' s youngest division commander when he arrived in Europe , was the only National Guard general to remain in command throughout the war . After returning to the United States O ' Ryan was a founder of the American Legion . From 1922 to 1926 he was New York State Transit Commissioner . In 1926 he became prominent in the development of commercial aviation as a partner in Pan American Airways , later becoming President of Colonial Airlines . In 1934 he was a candidate for Mayor of New York , but withdrew and accepted appointment as Mayor LaGuardia ' s Police Commissioner . In 1940 Maj . Gen . O ' Ryan , according to the Washington Post of July 16 , 1940 , was registered with the State Department as an agent of the Japan ese government . This was probably just after heading an economic mission to Japan in June of that year . He more than likely cut ties with the Japanese before or shortly after Pearl Harbor was bombed . During World War II he served as New York State ' s Civil Defense Director . About 1945 he was elected National Commander of the Military Order of Foreign Wars and , on December 7 , 1945 , visited President Truman at the White House on to pay his respects . O ' Ryan ' s awards included the Distinguished Service Medal and the Victory Medal . His international awards included decorations and knighthoods Belgium , France , Italy and Great Britain . In 1952 a New York National Guard training area in Wethersfield , New York was dedicated in his honor , Camp O ' Ryan . General O ' Ryan died at South Salem , New York on January 29 , 1961 . he was buried at Arlington National Cemetery , Section 2 , Site E - 17 LH .
Anglo - Russian invasion of Naples The Anglo - Russian invasion of Naples was an invasion of the Kingdom of Naples in 1805 by British and Russian forces during the War of the Third Coalition . It ended in early 1806 with Napoleon I of France ' s conquest of the kingdom . It followed a cooperation in July 1799 between Horatio Nelson and Admiral Ushakov in the reconquest of Naples and suppression of the Parthenopaean Republic .
HMS Duke ( shore establishment ) HMS " Duke " was a Royal Naval shore establishment based in Great Malvern . It was commissioned on 27 May 1941 , and by May 1943 it was being used to provide tented accommodation for New Entry Stokers . From the date of its commissioning , it had a nominal depot ship based at Chatham - a whaler . The establishment was paid off on 31 March 1946 , and became the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment .
Bernard Dillon Bernard Dillon ( 1888 - 1941 ) was born at Caherina in Tralee . In 1901 he joined his older brother Joe , both of them being apprentice jockeys at the famous Druids Lodge training establishment in Wiltshire England . Victory on Lemberg in the 1910 Epsom Derby was his most famous achievement although he also rode winners in the 1 , 000 Guineas ( Flair , 1906 and Electra , 1909 ) , Lincoln ( Uninsured , 1904 ) , Cambridgeshire ( Hacklers Pride , 1905 ) , Eclipse Stakes ( Lally , 1907 and dead heated on Lemberg in 1910 ) , Coronation Cup ( Pretty Polly , 1906 ) and the Grand Prix de Paris ( Spearmint , 1906 ) . Dillon became the third husband of the Music Hall star Marie Lloyd . They met in 1910 and caused a scandal when , travelling together as " Mr . and Mrs . Dillon " in 1913 , she was refused entry to the United States for " moral turpitude " . Alexander Hurley , Lloyd ' s true husband at the time , died two months later , and Dillon and Lloyd were married at the British Consulate in Portland , Oregon , on 21 February 1914 . During World War I , Dillon served in the transport lines at Belton Park , Grantham , the Machine Gun Corps training depot . He was not a good soldier , and was often in trouble . However , Marie Lloyd would travel to Grantham to upbraid any officer who had punished her husband . These officers would often go missing when she arrived . After the war , Dillon began drinking heavily and abusing Lloyd , so that she began drinking as her own escape . In 1920 , they separated , but Lloyd continued to slide downhill until she collapsed on stage in October 1922 , dying three days later . He was portrayed by actor Tom Payne in the 2007 BBC drama Miss Marie Lloyd - Queen of The Music Hall . Bernard Dillon , nicknamed as " Ben " in the horseracing community , died in London in May , 1941 .
John Alexander Christie John Alexander Christie VC ( 14 May 1895 – 10 September 1967 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Christie was 22 years old , and a lance - corporal in the 1 / 11th ( County of London ) Battalion , The London Regiment ( Finsbury Rifles ) , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 21 December / 22 December 1917 , at Fejja , Palestine , after a position had been captured , the enemy immediately made counter - attacks up the communication trenches . Lance - Corporal Christie , seeing what was happening , took a supply of bombs and went alone about 50 yards in the open along the communication trench and bombed the enemy . He continued to do this in spite of heavy opposition until a block had been established . On his way back he bombed more of the enemy who were moving up the trench . His prompt action cleared a difficult position at a most difficult time and saved many lives . His medal is privately held .
Borivoje Mirković Borivoje Mirković ( ; 1884 – 1969 ) was a brigadier general in the Royal Yugoslav Air Force who led and organised the Yugoslav coup d ' état of 27 March 1941 that deposed the regency of Prince Paul , Dr . Radenko Stanković and Dr . Ivo Perović , as well as the government of Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković . Mirković and his fellow plotters declared the 17 - year - old Prince Peter to be of age and brought to power a government of national unity led by Air Force General Dušan Simović . The coup resulted in the German - led invasion of Yugoslavia during which the armed forces of Yugoslavia were defeated within 11 days . Fleeing the country by air , Mirković was based in Cairo for a period , where he was involved with a faction of the Yugoslav government - in - exile that was supported by British intelligence in Egypt .
Deputy Chief of Army ( Australia ) The Deputy Chief of Army ( DCA ) is the second most senior appointment in the Army , responsible to the Chief of Army ( CA ) . The rank associated with the position is Major General ( 2 - star ) . Lieutenant General Angus Campbell is the current Deputy Chief of Army . Appointees . The following ( incomplete ) list chronologically records those who have held the post of Deputy Chief of Army or its preceding positions . Rank and honours are as at the completion of the individual ' s tour ( s ) .
HDMY Dannebrog ( A540 ) Her Danish Majesty ' s Yacht " Dannebrog " ( A540 ) ( ) was launched by Queen Alexandrine at Copenhagen in 1931 , and commissioned on 26 May 1932 . The yacht now serves as the official and private residence for Queen Margrethe II of Denmark , the Prince Consort , and members of the Royal Family when they are on official visits overseas and on summer cruises in Danish waters . When at sea , the Royal Yacht also participates in surveillance and sea - rescue services . Features . The " Dannebrog " , named after the flag of Denmark , was built in 1931 – 1932 at the Naval Dockyard in Copenhagen . She replaced the previous royal vessel , an 1879 paddle steamer , also called " Dannebrog " . The yacht has dual functions : it is primarily the Royal Yacht during peacetime ; it can become a hospital ship during emergency alerts or war . The ship ’ s hull is a riveted steel construction on transverse frames . The ship has a clipper stem and an elliptic stern . Viewed from the side , the ship may be divided into two sections . In front of the funnel there is space for the crew , any cargo , and the engine . At the rear is the Royal Apartment . This could accommodate patients if ever the yacht were used as a hospital . During visits to Danish and foreign ports the covered quarterdeck is used for receptions . The Royal accommodation comprises studies for the Queen and The Prince Consort , a dining salon , a lounge , the bedroom , etc . They have taken a personal interest in fitting out the vessel and the choice of furnishings . The Royal Apartment contains furniture and fittings from the previous 1879 Royal vessel . The Royal Yacht " Dannebrog " is an independent command , administered by the Chief of the Queen ’ s Naval Household , who is a member of the Royal Household . The crew of the " Dannebrog " comprises 9 officers , 7 sergeants , 2 enlisted able - seamen and 34 conscripts . The officers are normally seconded for periods of two to four years , whereas the conscripts stay for just one summer . History . Since it was commissioned in 1932 , the yacht has travelled more than and visited most of the ports of Denmark , Greenland , and the Faroe Islands . The yacht has also visited European ports , especially in France and cruised the Mediterranean and the Caribbean Seas . A major overhaul was carried out in 1980 / 81 to extend the life of the yacht beyond around the start of the 21st century . Having now passed that point , the 75 - year - old yacht is still in excellent condition , with major improvements including replacement of the yacht ' s main engines .
HNLMS Jan van Amstel ( 1937 ) HNLMS " Jan van Amstel " was a of the Royal Netherlands Navy that served in World War II . Service history . " Jan van Amstel " was damaged by an air attack at Surabaya on 6 March 1942 , which killed 23 of her crew . After the capitulation of all forces on Java " Jan van Amstel " attempted to escape to Australia , but was intercepted and engaged by a Japanese destroyer on 8 March 1942 in the Madura Strait . She was sunk with heavy loss of life .
David Case Air Commodore David Case is the highest ranking black officer in the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom , and as of 2000 , at the age of 47 , he became the highest ranking black officer ever to serve in Britain ' s armed forces . Biography . He was born in Guyana , and immigrated to Britain at the age of 5 . He was educated at Beckenham Grammar School and learnt to fly on a Flying Scholarship while still at school . He joined the RAF as a 19 - year old cadet to read aeronautical engineering at The Queen ' s University of Belfast . He received his commission in 1975 , and was awarded the distinguished Sword of Honour , which is bestowed upon the top cadet officer of the year .
USS LST - 554 USS " LST - 554 " was a United States Navy in commission from 1944 to 1946 . Construction and commissioning . " LST - 554 " was laid down on 30 January 1944 at Evansville , Indiana , by the Missouri Valley Bridge and Iron Company . She was launched on 18 March 1944 , sponsored by Mrs . T . R . Davis , and commissioned on 27 April 1944 . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 554 " was assigned to the Pacific Theater of Operations . She participated in the capture and occupation of the southern Palau Islands in September and October 1944 . She then took part in the Philippines campaign , participating in the Leyte landings in October and November 1944 and the Lingayen Gulf landings in January 1945 . She then participated in the assault on and occupation of Okinawa Gunto in April 1945 . Following the war , " LST - 554 " returned to the United States . Decommissioning and disposal . " LST - 554 " was decommissioned on 20 July 1946 and stricken from the Navy List on 25 September 1946 . On 29 March 1948 , she was sold to Kaiser Shipyards , of Vancouver , Washington , for scrapping . Honors and awards . " LST - 554 " earned four battle star s for her World War II service .
36th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 36th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 36th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Hammond at Montgomery , Illinois , just south of Aurora , and mustered into Federal service on September 23 , 1861 for three years service . The regiment was mustered out on October 8 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 11 officers and 193 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 1 officer and 127 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 332 fatalities .
479th Antisubmarine Group The 479th Antisubmarine Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command , based at RAF Podington , England . It was inactivated on 11 November 1943 . History . Operational history . Group formed with existing squadrons reassigned from HQ Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command or 25th Antisubmarine Wing at Langley Field , Virginia and deployed to RAF St Eval in Cornwall England . The group ' s mission was to fly killer hunts against German U - Boat s in the Bay of Biscay off the western coast of France from Brest south to the Spanish border . Along this part of the occupied French coast were major Kriegsmarine U - Boat bases at Brest , Lorient , Saint - Nazaire , La Rochelle ( La Pallice ) and Bordeaux . At RAF St Eval , the group operated under the control of No 19 Group RAF Coastal Command . It flew modified B - 24 Liberator s equipped with specialized aerial depth charge s , RADAR and other antisubmarine detection equipment . The 479th began operations from England on 13 July 1943 and had some success when based in St Eval , sinking two U - boats and sharing another with an RAF Squadron . The 479th ' s most effective antisubmarine patrols were conducted from 18 July to 2 August 1943 , the period in which the group made nearly all of its attacks on enemy U - boats . After that time the enemy avoided surfacing during daylight and adopted a policy of evasion , but the group continued its patrols , often engaging Luftwaffe fighter interceptor aircraft ( Junkers Ju 88 ; Focke - Wulf Fw 200 ; Messerschmitt Bf 109 ; Messerschmitt Bf 110 ) in combat . The 479th ASG lost four Liberators and twenty nine men had been killed in action . The 479th AG was moved to RAF Dunkeswell in Devon during early August 1943 and ended operations in October 1943 after the aerial antisubmarine mission was turned over to the United States Navy . B - 24s reassigned to Navy Patrol Bomber Squadron VPB - 103 , Fleet Air Wing 7 at Dunkeswell and were redesignated as PB4Ys .
Syria - Lebanon Campaign order of battle This is the order of battle for the Syria - Lebanon Campaign , a World War II campaign between the Western Allies and Vichy France during June and July , 1941 . Allied Forces . Commander - in - Chief Middle East Command : General Sir Archibald Wavell < br > General Officer Commanding Palestine and Trans - Jordan : General Sir H . Maitland Wilson South Syria and Lebanon - Australian I Corps ( command activated 18 June ) . General Officer Commanding I Corps : Lieutenant - General John Lavarack Northern Syria . Elements of Iraqforce : In northern Iraq and the " Duck ' s Bill " region of Syria . Under command of HQ British Troops Iraq : Lieutenant - General Sir Edward Quinan Vichy French Forces . The Army of the Levant ( " Armée du Levant " ) identifies the armed forces of France and then Vichy France which occupied a portion of the " Levant " during the " interwar period " and early World War II . In 1920 , the French were given a mandate over Syria and Lebanon by the League of Nations . During this period of time , Syria was known as the French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon was known as the French Mandate of Lebanon .
55th Infantry Division ( France ) The 55th Infantry Division ( ) was a French Army formation during World War I and World War II . World War I . During World War I , the division comprised : It was part of the French 1st , 2nd , 4th , 5th , 7th , 11th , 15th , 16th , 17th , 18th , 30th , 31st , 33rd , 35th , 37th , 1st Colonial , 1st Calvalry Corps during which it participated in the First Battle of the Marne , the First Battle of the Aisne , the Second and Third Battle of Artois , the Battle of Verdun , the First Battle of Noyon , the Third Battle of the Aisne and the Second Battle of Noyon . The Division was dissolved on the 10th of September 1918 . At various times , it was part of the French Second Army , French Third Army , French Fourth Army , French Fifth Army , French Sixth Army and French Tenth Army . World War II . During the Battle of France in May 1940 the division contained the following units : It was a Series B Reserve division containing older reservist s .