naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Beatty ( DD - 756 ) USS " Beatty " ( DD - 756 ) , an " Allen M . Sumner " - class destroyer , was the 2nd ship of the United States Navy to be named for Admiral Frank Beatty . The second " Beatty " ( DD - 756 ) was launched 30 November 1944 by Bethlehem Steel Co . , Staten Island , New York ; sponsored by Mrs . Charles H . Drayton , daughter , and Miss Mary Drayton , granddaughter of Admiral Beatty ; and commissioned 31 March 1945 , Commander M . T . Munger in command . History . " Beatty " reported to Commander , Operational Training Command , Atlantic Fleet , 22 June 1945 for duty as a training ship . She operated in Chesapeake Bay and made one cruise to the Caribbean between June and November . On 10 November 1945 she departed Norfolk for the Pacific , arriving at San Diego on the 25th . She remained on the west coast until the end of March 1946 when she rejoined the Atlantic Fleet . Between February and August 1947 " Beatty " cruised in Northern European waters . She conducted her first tour in the Mediterranean between September 1948 and January 1949 . While in the Mediterranean she served on patrol duty , based at Haifa , Israel , during the Arab - Israeli dispute . Retiring to the east coast " Beatty " operated out of Melville and Newport , Rhode Island , along the eastern seaboard , and in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico until March 1951 when she returned to the Mediterranean . This cruise lasted until June . On 2 October 1951 " Beatty " departed Newport for Yokosuka , Japan , via the Panama Canal . Upon arrival 31 October 1951 , she joined TF 77 for patrol and blockade duty off the east coast of Korea . During November she participated in shore bombardments of Wonsan , Chongjin , Songjin , and Tanchon . On 15 February she again bombarded targets at Wonsan . On 27 February 1952 she departed Yokosuka . Sailing via Hong Kong , Singapore , and Colombo , Ceylon , she transited the Suez Canal for a brief tour of the Mediterranean . She departed Cannes , France , 12 April and arrived at Newport 21 April 1952 . " Beatty " remained active with the Atlantic Fleet . She made several tours of the Mediterranean , as a unit of the 6th Fleet , and conducted local operations , type training , and training cruises along the eastern seaboard and in the Caribbean . " Beatty " received two battle stars for her Korean service .
ZSU - 23 - 4MP Biała The ZSU - 23 - 4MP " Biała " ( pl . " White " , also the name of more than one small Polish river ) is a Polish modification of the ZSU - 23 - 4 " Shilka " self - propelled anti - aircraft gun . The ZSU - 23 - 4MP " Biała " includes a new digital optical targeting system and 4 Grom surface - to - air missile launcher . The AZP - 23 autocannons are equipped with modern ammunition and have an increased effective anti - aircraft range to about 3 . 5 km , 0 . 5 – 1 km more than the original ZSU - 23 - 4 . The Grom missiles ' maximum range is about 5 . 5 km . Around 70 ZSU - 23 - 4MP " Biała " self - propelled anti - aircraft guns are to be produced for the Polish army , as a cheaper alternative to the modern Polish 35 mm PZA Loara self - propelled anti - aircraft gun .
Diehl BGT Defence Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Ko KG is a German arms manufacturer and a subsidiary of the Diehl Stiftung GmbH with headquarters in Überlingen . Diehl BGT Defence produces mainly missiles and ammunition . The company was founded in 2004 as result of the merger of " Bodenseewerk Gerätetechnik GmbH " and " Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co . KG " . In 1960 Bodenseewerke Gerätetechnik became the prime contractor for the European production of the American Sidewinder AIM - 9B air - to - air missile . Based on the experience with the Sidewinder , Diehl recently developed a progressive new seeker for a new type of short - range air - to - air missile - the IRIS - T . This missile has reportedly a far better combat performance than the Sidewinder . IRIS - T is currently being adopted by the Luftwaffe and other European air forces . Diehl plans to deliver 4 , 000 IRIS - T missiles by 2011 . Diehl Aerospace GmbH , a subsidiary of Diehl BGT Defence , produces avionic systems for aircraft manufacturers , such as Airbus and the Eurofighter GmbH . Today Diehl BGT Defence has approx . 1 , 800 employees and Diehl Aerospace has approx . 1 , 200 employees . Diehl Stiftung GmbH has approx . 11 , 000 employees . Diehl BGT Defence had also been severely criticized in the past for the production of cluster bombs and land mines .
Air Department The Air Department of the British Admiralty was established prior to World War I by Winston Churchill . Its function was to foster naval aviation developments and later to oversee the Royal Naval Air Service ( RNAS ) . Its first director was Captain Murray Sueter . In 1915 , with the growth of the Naval Air Service , the position of Director of the Air Department was abolished and replaced by that of Director of the Naval Service . This new post was a flag officer appointment and the first Director was Rear - Admiral Charles Vaughan - Lee . Originally , British naval aviation came under the authority of the Commander - in - Chief , The Nore . In February 1915 , the RNAS was placed under the command of the Director of the Air Department ( Captain Murray Sueter ) , although disciplinary powers over RNAS personnel were not granted to the Director . In July 1915 a further reorganization occurred when the post of Director of the Air Department was abolished and replaced with that of the Director of the Air Service ( Rear - Admiral Charles Vaughan - Lee ) . Aircraft . The Air Department produced a few of its own designs for aircraft between 1915 to but these were built by established external aircraft manufacturers
RD - 0410 RD - 0410 ( РД - 0410 , GRAU index : 11B91 ) was a Soviet nuclear thermal rocket engine developed from 1965 through the 1980s using liquid hydrogen propellant . The engine was ground - tested at the Semipalatinsk Test Site , and its use was incorporated in the Kurchatov Mars 1994 manned mission proposal . This engine had slightly higher performance ( exhaust temperature and specific impulse ) over NERVA , but much less thrust , only 35 , 2 kN . The design of the reactor core included thermal insulation between uranium carbide / tungsten carbide fuel and the zirconium hydride moderator . This solution allowed for a very compact reactor core design . Hydrogen flow cooled the moderator first allowing to keep very low neutron energy and high fission cross - section , then it was heated by the direct contact to the fuel rods . To prevent the chemical reaction between carbide and hydrogen , about 1 pct of heptane was added to the hydrogen after the moderator passage . The hydrogen boost turbopump was designed by KBKhA .
German submarine U - 706 U - 706 , a type VIIC U - boat , was laid down in 22 November 1940 . She was launched on 24 November 1941 and commissioned on 16 March 1942 . Service history . During her brief career at sea , she was commanded by KrvKpt . Alexander von Zitzewitz . During her career she was attached to the 5th Flotilla from 16 March to 30 September 1942 . 1 October 1942 she was transferred to the 6th Flotilla . She made four patrols during the war . While on patrol she destroyed 3 ships sunk , total tonnage 18 , 650 GRT . On 3 August 1943 , while in Bay of Biscay , she was disabled by depth charge s from a Canadian Hampden aircraft , then finished off by a US Liberator aircraft form A / S Sqdn . 4 .
Post and Telegraph Signals Post and Telegraph Signals was a ( reserve ) regiment of the Ceylon Army . Raised in 1955 with staff from the Department of Post and Ceylon Telegraph Department . The government hoped to minimized the effects to the Post and Telegraph services in the event of trade union action ( strikes were common ) by mobilizing the personnel attached to this unit . However it was disbanded in 1956 when the leftist S . W . R . D . Bandaranaike became prime minister .
2d Air Support Operations Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 2d Air Support Operations Squadron ( 2 ASOS ) is a combat support unit located at Vilseck , Germany . The 2 ASOS provides Tactical Command and Control of air power assets to the Joint Forces Air Component Commander and Joint Forces Land Component Commander for combat operations . Mission . The 2nd ASOS trains , equips , and maintains mission - ready Air Liaison , Terminal Attack Control , and Weather Observation / Forecasting elements to support the commanders of US Army Europe subordinate units , such as the 2nd Stryker Regiment , 172nd Infantry Brigade and 12th Combat Aviation Brigade .
Type 91 10 cm howitzer The was a howitzer used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino - Japanese War and World War II . The Type 91 number was designated for the year the gun was accepted , 2591 in the Japanese imperial year calendar , or 1931 in the Gregorian calendar . History and development . The Type 91 10 cm howitzer was an orthodox design howitzer , based largely on contemporary French Canon de 105 mle 1913 Schneider howitzers ordered during the late 1920s by the Japanese Army Technical Bureau for evaluation purposes . It was intended to supplement , and eventually supersede the largely obsolete Type 38 15 cm howitzer , which had been in service since the end of the Russo - Japanese War . Over one thousand units were produced beginning in 1931 . Design . For a weapon of modern design the Model 91 ( 1931 ) 105 - mm howitzer is by U . S . standards an extremely crude - looking piece . It is much smaller and lighter than the German and U . S . howitzers of the same caliber , weighing even less than the standard 75 - mm guns used in Europe in World War I . Despite its lightness and its appearance of not having been quite finished , it is capable of throwing a 35 - pound shell very nearly as far as can the heavier and far more formidable looking German 105 - mm howitzer . The Type 91 10 cm howitzer was a standard 105 - mm artillery piece of extremely light construction relative to range and weight of projector . Identification Demountable spade plates , long cradle extending almost to muzzle end of tube , a hydropneumatic recoil mechanism , split trail , and interrupted screw breech mechanism . It was designed to be towed by a team of six horses . The Type 91 fired a 15 kg standard high - explosive shell , up to 10 , 500 metres and could also fire chemical , armor - piercing , and shrapnel shells . Japanese charge - system numbering is unusual , in that the numbering is reversed from American , British , German , French and Italian charge numbering systems : Variants . Early models of the Type 91 had wooden spoked wheels , but later versions had steel wheels with pneumatic tire s for towing behind a motorized transport at the cost of an extra . Combat record . Type 91 10 cm howitzer was used in large numbers in from line combat service from the time of the invasion of Manchuria through the Soviet - Japanese Border Wars , the Second Sino - Japanese War and in most fronts during the Pacific War . The Type 91 was typically assigned to field artillery regiments together with 75mm field gun s . Weapons captured by the Chinese during the Second Sino - Japanese War , or abandoned in China at the time of the surrender of Japan , were placed into service by both the National Revolutionary Army of the Nationalist government and the People ' s Liberation Army of the Chinese communist government through the Chinese Civil War .
No . 653 Squadron RAF No . 653 Squadron RAF was a unit of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War . Squadron Numbers 651 to 663 were Air Observation Post units working closely with British Army units in artillery spotting and liaison . A further three of these squadrons , 664 – 666 , were manned with Canadian personnel . Their duties and squadron numbers were transferred to the Army with the formation of the Army Air Corps on 1 September 1957 . History . No . 653 Squadron was formed at RAF Old Sarum , Wiltshire , on 20 June 1942 . In September 1942 , the squadron was deployed to RAF Penshurst . The squadron relocated to Normandy on 27 June 1944 , in support of the British Second Army and the Operation Overlord landings . Most of its pilots and observers came from the British Army , while maintenance was carried out by RAF personnel . The squadron moved with the Second Army through France and the Netherlands into Germany , and was disbanded at Hoya in Germany in September 1945 , after the German surrender . Present . No . 653 Squadron came into being again in Cyprus on 11 May 1958 , but now as a squadron of the Army Air Corps and served in Aden from 9 March 1961 till 1967 , and today it is represented 653 Squadron of 3 Regiment Army Air Corps , flying the Apache Attack Helicopter .
German submarine U - 321 German submarine " U - 321 " was a Type VIIC / 41 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out two patrols , but did not sink any ships . The boat was sunk in April 1945 by a Polish aircraft in the Atlantic Ocean . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 21 January 1943 by the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as ' werk ' 321 , launched on 27 November 1943 and commissioned on 20 January 1944 under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Ulrich Drews . She served with the 4th U - boat Flotilla for training , from 20 January 1944 to 28 February 1945 and the 11th flotilla for operations until her sinking on 2 April 1945 . 1st patrol . " U - 320 " departed Kiel on 1 March 1945 and arrived in Horten ( south of Oslo ) , on the 9th . 2nd patrol and loss . The boat left Horten on 15 March 1945 . On 2 April she was sunk by a Polish Vickers Wellington of No . 304 Squadron RAF southwest of Ireland . Forty - one men died ; there were no survivors .
Battle of Grand Gulf The Battle of Grand Gulf was fought on April 29 , 1863 , during the American Civil War . In the Vicksburg Campaign of Maj . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant , Union naval forces under Rear Adm . David D . Porter led seven ironclads in an attack on the Confederate fortifications and batteries at Grand Gulf , downriver from Vicksburg , Mississippi . Although the Confederates withstood the Union bombardment and prevented infantry from landing against their fortification , the defeat was only a minor setback to Grant ' s plan to cross the Mississippi River and advance against Vicksburg . Battle . Admiral Porter led seven ironclads in an attack on the fortifications and batteries at Grand Gulf , Mississippi , with the intention of silencing the Confederate guns and then securing the area with troops of Maj . Gen . John A . McClernand ' s XIII Corps who were on the accompanying transports and barges . The attack by the seven ironclads began at 8 a . m . and continued until about 1 : 30 p . m . During the fight , the ironclads moved within 100 yards of the Confederate guns and silenced the lower batteries of Fort Wade ; the Confederate upper batteries at Fort Cobun remained out of reach and continued to fire . The Union ironclads ( one of which , the , had been put out of action ) and the transports drew off . After dark , however , the ironclads engaged the Confederate guns again while the steamboats and barges ran the gauntlet . Grant marched his men overland across Coffee Point to below the Gulf . After the transports had passed Grand Gulf , they embarked the troops at Disharoon ' s plantation and disembarked them on the Mississippi shore at Bruinsburg , below Grand Gulf . The men immediately began marching overland towards Port Gibson , Mississippi . The Confederates had won a hollow victory ; the loss at Grand Gulf caused just a slight change in Grant ' s offensive .
Type 2 20 mm AA Machine Cannon The Type 2 20 mm AA Machine Cannon was a Japan ese - designed anti - aircraft gun , based on the German Flak 38 . It entered service in 1942 . A central fire - control system was developed for Type 2 , which could control and direct 6 of the guns at once . The Type 2 number was designated for the year the gun was accepted , 2602 in the Japanese imperial year calendar , or 1942 in the Gregorian calendar . Two of the guns were mounted on together to form the 20 mm Twin AA Machine Cannon .
Vickers E . F . B . 1 The Vickers E . F . B . 1 ' Destroyer ' was an early British military aircraft prototype . Although not itself a success , the design was considered worth developing , and a series of similar aircraft were produced in prototype , eventually leading to the Vickers F . B . 5 " Gunbus " , which saw widespread service during World War I . Design . The Experimental Fighting Biplane No . 1 ( E . F . B . 1 ) was designed in response to a British Admiralty requirement for an aircraft intended for an offensive role . As such , it is notable for being the first British aircraft to be specifically designed for a military role . A contract for an experimental prototype was given to Vickers on 19 November 1912 . The resulting aircraft was an unequal - span staggered wing two bay pusher biplane with the tailplane mounted on booms behind the wings and the crew of two housed in a nacelle above the lower wing , with the engine behind them . The pusher layout was necessitated by the requirement for a forward firing gun , since gun synchronisation mechanisms had not been developed at the time . Extensive use of metal was made in its structure , the tail booms and wing spars being made of steel and the nacelle of steel tube with a covering of sheet duralumin . Lateral control was effected by wing warping , and in order to prevent fatiguing of the structure caused by warping loads the rear wing spar was built in three sections , the outer sections being hinged to the centre section , and the wing ribs were loosely threaded onto the spars . The armament consisted of a single belt - fed 0 . 303 Vickers - Maxim machine gun mounted at the front of the nacelle on a flexible mounting . It was exhibited at the Aero show at Olympia in February 1913 , but crashed soon afterwards , possibly on its first flight . Nevertheless the design was considered promising enough for work to be started on another aircraft of similar design , the Vickers E . F . B . 2 , and this line of development would eventually lead to the Vickers F . B . 5 Gunbus .
Engels MI The Engels MI was a Russia n floatplane / fighter developed in 1916 . It was a parasol cantilever flying boat with a V - Section hull , and downswept wingtips incorporating flotation chambers . Production history . In 1916 the Russian government expressed a need for a flying counter - float - plane against the German Albatros W 4 . Y . E . Engels came up with the Engels MI , and after initial testing an order for 50 was placen on 27 April 1917 . Only three were produced by October 1917 , and as a result production quietly stopped . Operational history . One aircraft survived the Russian Revolution , and was delivered to the Naval Aviation School at Nizhny Novgorod in 1920 .
Florianópolis Air Force Base Florianópolis Air Force Base – BAFL is a base of the Brazilian Air Force , located in Florianópolis , Brazil . It shares some facilities with Florianópolis - Hercílio Luz International Airport . History . In 1923 the Brazilian Navy created at the present site of the Florianópolis Air Force Base the Center for Air Naval Aviation of Santa Catarina , operating amphibian aircraft . Between 1927 and 1932 , the then known as Campeche Field was also used by the French aviators of the " Compagnie Générale Aéropostale " for its operations in Florianópolis . Among them were Jean Mermoz , Antoine de Saint - Exupéry and Henri Guillaumet . The Air Naval base existed until 1941 , when the government changed its jurisdiction to the Brazilian Air Force . It was then that it received its present name . During World War II the base was dedicated to missions of anti - submarine surveillance in the southern coast of Brazil . Units . The following unit is based at Florianópolis Air Force Base : Subordinated to the command of the 2nd Air Force ( II FAe ) , which is dedicated to Search and Rescue , Rotorary Wings , and Maritime Patrol : The base also has a Cessna 208 Caravan for administrative functions . Access . The base is located 14 km from downtown Florianópolis .
Siege of Toulouse ( 1217 – 18 ) A Siege of Toulouse occurred from October 1217 to June 1218 during Albigensian Crusade . It was third of a series of sieges of the city during the height of Crusader efforts to put down Catharism ( and the local Languedocian nobility ) . It ended in the repulsion of the Crusaders and the death of their leader , Simon IV de Montfort . Simon first besieged Toulouse in 1211 , but failed to take it . In 1216 he captured the city and proclaimed himself Count of Toulouse , but while he was elsewhere , on 12 September 1217 , the legitimate claimaint , Raymond VI , retook the city without a fight . Simon returned in haste to besiege the city once more . Despite that , he had ordered the city ' s defences dismantled while he was in control , he found its defences intact and its walls well - manned . His forces were too small to surround it and the siege dragged on through the winter months with little activity . In the spring of 1218 a certain " maestre " ( master ) Bertran of Toulouse suggested to the people that they construct a trebuchet . The city ' s carpenters immediately took up the task . Meanwhile , on 3 June , the Crusaders constructed ( or had brought in ) a " cat " ( a leather - covered , steeply - gabled mobile shelter ) in order to approach the walls . The defenders ' trebuchet swiftly dispatched it and , on 25 June , they sortied to burn the cat , which they did . During the Crusaders ' counterassault , Simon stopped to aid his brother Guy , who had been wounded by a crossbow , and was hit on the head by a stone from one of the defenders ' siege engines ( either the trebuchet or a mangonel ) , apparently operated by " donas e tozas e mulhers " ( ladies , girls , and women ) . It killed him . The leadership of the Crusade fell to his brother Amaury but the siege was soon lifted . The events of the siege prompted the resident troubadour ( and possibly priest ) Raimon Escrivan to compose a song , " Senhors , l ' autrier vi ses falhida " , on it . The song , a " tenso " , presents a mock debate between two siege machines ( the trebuchet and the cat ) in which the trebuchet wins .