naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Frank Edward Young ( VC ) Frank Edward Young VC ( 2 October 1895 – 18 September 1918 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . The son of a serving soldier in the Bedfordshire Regiment , Frank Young was born in Cherat , British India in October 1895 . Having returned to Britain for his schooling , he joined the Hitchin Company of the Hertfordshire Regiment as a Boy Bugler in November 1909 , serving as a part - time territorial soldier . First World War . Following the outbreak of war , Young was found medically unfit for overseas service and had to undergo an operation . In January 1915 he was passed fit and was posted with a reinforcement draft to 1 / 1st battalion Hertfordshire Regiment , then serving as part of the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front . His father had rejoined the army and was serving as the battalion ' s Regimental Sergeant Major . Both father and son saw service through successive engagements in 1915 , including the Battles of Festubert and Loos and during this period the latter was promoted to Sergeant . In 1916 he was appointed as a bombing instructor at the Rouen Central Bombing School , but was wounded in an accident . After a period of recovery Young was selected for officer training and was subsequently commissioned as a Second Lieutenant on 27 April 1917 , being posted to a reserve battalion of the Bedfordshire Regiment in Britain . Following an interlude training with the Royal Flying Corps , Young returned to the infantry and was sent to rejoin the 1 / 1st Hertfordshires in France on 12 September 1918 , being appointed commander of No . 4 Company on arrival . Victoria Cross . The action for which Second Lieutenant Young was to be awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross occurred in the aftermath of Allied success at the Battle of Havrincourt . Soon after he rejoined 1 / 1st battalion , it was moved into the front - lines south east of Havrincourt , near a copse named Triangle Wood . In the late afternoon of 18 September 1918 , after an intense artillery barrage , German troops launched an assault against this position . Although the enemy gained an initial foothold , ultimately the battalion ' s line held and they were forced to withdraw . Young ' s actions and leadership in the successful defence resulted in his award of the medal , the full citation for which was published in the London Gazette on 14 December 1918 and read : Initially Young was listed as missing , however his body was found by a British patrol on 27 September at the edge of Havrincourt Wood . He was subsequently reburied nearby in Hermies Hill British Cemetery , Hermies . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regimental Collection at the Wardown Park Museum , Luton , Bedfordshire .
Maritime security operations Maritime security operations ( MSO ) are the actions of modern naval forces to " combat sea – based terrorism and other illegal activities , such as hijacking , piracy , and slavery , also known as human trafficking . " Ships assigned to such operations may also assist seafaring vessels in distress . These activities are part of an overall category of activities which fall short of open warfare called military operations other than war ( MOOTW ) . An example of such operations is the involvement of the multinational coalition Combined Task Force 150 , which performs Maritime Security Operations in the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf . During the Somali Civil War , they provided anti - piracy operations along the coast of Somalia in international waters . During the 2006 — 2007 war , they performed a cordon along the coast to prevent the escape of Al - Qaeda operatives by sea . A primary component of MSO requires inspections and , at times , forced boardings of vessels at sea . These actions are called visit , board , search , and seizure ( VBSS ) .
Canadian Forces Northern Area Headquarters Whitehorse Canadian Forces Northern Area Headquarters ( CFNA HQ ) Whitehorse is a detachment of the Canadian Forces , based approximately 24 km south of Whitehorse , Yukon . Canada ' s military has operated in the area since the days of the famous volunteer Yukon Field Force , established by the Non - Permanent Active Militia in 1898 , to help the North - West Mounted Police maintain law and order during the Gold Rush . With the creation of the Alaska Highway through the region in 1942 , Whitehorse developed into an important regional centre for communication and transportation . However , it was not until 1970 that the newly formed Canadian Forces established a permanent military presence in the area with the formation of the Northern Area Detachment at a base near Whitehorse , as well as another in Yellowknife , Northwest Territories , CFNA HQ Yellowknife . CFNA HQ Whitehorse is frequently used for cadet training in the summer months .
Golub - Dobrzyń Golub - Dobrzyń is a town in central Poland , located on both sides of the Drwęca River . Situated in the Kuyavian - Pomeranian Voivodeship ( since 1999 ) , it was previously in the Torun Voivodeship ( 1975 – 1998 ) . It is the capital of Golub - Dobrzyń County and has a population of 13 , 060 . History . Golub - Dobrzyń initially consisted of two separate towns : Golub located north of the Drwęca in Chełmno Land and Dobrzyń located south of the Drwęca in the Dobrzyń Land . The two cities were united May 5 , 1951 . History of Golub . The village Golub ( ; ) , populated by Poles , was first mentioned in a document from 1258 ; Chełmno Land , or Culmerland , had been in the hands of the Teutonic Knights since 1231 . The Teutonic Knights built a castle ( 1296 – 1306 ) and elevated it to town status . In 1421 all privileges of the town were confirmed by Grand Master Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg . Golub was severely damaged during wars in 1414 and 1422 ; the latter war called the Gollub War . The town became part of Poland according to the Second Peace of Thorn ( 1466 ) . The height of prosperity of Golub was reached during the rule of King Sigismund III Vasa 1611 - 25 . The town was severely damaged during Polish - Swedish Wars , especially in 1626 - 29 , 1655 , and 1660 , as well as the later Seven Years ' War ( 1756 – 63 ) . In the First Partition of Poland in 1772 , Golub was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia . From 1807 - 15 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw . It was assigned to the Duchy of Poznan in 1815 , and in 1817 it was included in West Prussia . In 1871 it was included in Imperial Germany and was subject to Germanisation . In January 1920 it became part of Poland . In August 1920 , the Red Army attacked the city . In 1939 it was annexed by Nazi Germany and most of dwellers were forced to sign the Volksliste . History of Dobrzyń . Since the second half of the 17th century , Dobrzyń ( ) existed as a settlement on the left bank of the Drwęca . In 1684 Zygmunt Działyński named the settlement " Przedmieście Golubskie " . In 1789 Count Ignacy Działyński founded the city of Dobrzyń . In 1793 after the Second Partition of Poland , Dobrzyń was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia . From 1807 - 15 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw . In 1815 it was included in the Kingdom of Poland in personal union with the Russian Empire . In the second half of the 19th century the Kingdom of Poland was annexed by Russia and the city developed quickly with a growing Jewish population . Eventually Dobrzyń became larger than Golub . Dobrzyń became part of the Second Polish Republic in 1918 following World War I . In August 1920 , the Soviet Red Army attacked the city . In 1939 it was annexed by Nazi Germany and most of its dwellers were deported to Nazi concentration camps . The local intelligentsia was murdered through executions . International relations . Twin towns – Sister cities . Golub - Dobrzyń is twinned with :
Waichirō Sonobe Biography . A native of Kumamoto prefecture , Sonobe graduated from the 16th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1904 . After serving with the IJA 23rd Infantry Regiment , he completed coursework at the 25th class of the Army Staff College . He was assigned to the IJA 23rd Infantry Regiment on graduation . From 1916 - 1917 , he was sent as a military attaché to France . On his return to Japan , he was assigned to the IJA 30th Infantry Regiment , and participated in the Siberian Intervention of 1919 - 1920 . On his return to Japan , he served in various staff positions within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff . From 1925 to 1927 , Sonobe was the Army representative to the Japanese diplomatic Mission to the League of Nations . After his return to Japan , he was assigned to command the IJA 74th Infantry Regiment within the IJA 19th Division until 1929 . From 1929 - 1933 , Sonobe served as Chief of 1st Section , Inspectorate General of Military Training . In 1933 he was again give a field command as commander of the IJA 8th Infantry Brigade of the IJA 10th Division , and was transferred in 1934 to become commander of the IJA 1st Infantry Brigade of the IJA 1st Division . From 1934 to 1935 Sonobe was Director of the Toyama Army Infantry School and then its commandant until 1937 . Concurrently from 1936 he commanded the 1st Independent Garrison Unit . In 1937 , with the start of the Second Sino - Japanese War , he left to command the IJA 7th Division until 1939 , when he was placed in charge of the Central District Army . From 1940 , Sonobe was dispatched to China , where he commanded the Japanese Eleventh Army . The IJA 11th Army was active at the Battle of Zaoyang - Yichang , Central Hupei Operation and Battle of South Henan . Sonobe returned to Japan in 1941 , and became a member of the Supreme War Council . He retired the same year .
French frigate Romaine ( 1794 ) The Romaine was the lead ship of the " Romaine " class frigate of the French Navy . She took part in the Expédition d ' Irlande and in the Battle of Tory Island . She cruised to New York in 1802 , and was condemned in 1804 . In 1805 she was converted to a troop ship but never sailed again , and she was eventually broken up in 1816 .
Siegfried Rammelt Siegfried Rammelt ( 18 December 1914 – 21 March 1944 ) was a highly decorated Oberleutnant in the Fallschirmjäger during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Siegfried Rammelt was killed on 21 March 1944 during the Battle of Monte Cassino . He was posthumously promoted to Oberleutnant and was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross on 11 June 1944 . < div class = " references - small " >
Christian Chesnot Christian Chesnot is a French journalist working for Radio France who , along with Georges Malbrunot and Muhammed al - Jundi ( their driver ) , was taken hostage on August 20 , 2004 , by the Islamic Army in Iraq . This group gave the French government a 48 - hour deadline to repeal its law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools . The ultimatum was delivered by means of video broadcast on the Arab TV channel Al Jazeera at 6 . 30 p . m . GMT on August 26 . Both French hostages were released on the December 21 , 2004 . Christian Chesnot has written on the issue of water in the Middle East and , more specifically , in the Israeli - Palestinian conflict . Muhammed al - Jundi was freed by U . S . Marines in November 2004 in Fallujah .
No . 1452 Flight RAF No . 1452 ( Fighter ) Flight was formed at RAF West Malling on 22 May 1941 , equipped with Turbinlite Douglas Boston and Douglas Havoc aircraft . On operations they co - operated at first with the Boulton Paul Defiant s of 264 Squadron and later with the Hawker Hurricane s of 32 Squadron . The flight was replaced with 531 Squadron on 8 September 1942 ( not on 2 September due to administrative reasons ) but officially disbanded as late as 22 January 1943 . 531 Sqn , which had taken over men and machines , carried on flying the Turbinlite Bostons and Havocs till the system was abandoned on 25 January 1943 , when Turbinlite squadrons were , due to lack of success on their part and the rapid development of AI radar , thought to be superfluous .
John B . Walthour John Buchman Walthour ( August 24 , 1904 – October 29 , 1952 ) was the 4th bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta in the United States . Background . He was born 24 August 1904 in Cape May , New Jersey , the son of Harry Clayton and Helen Millward Walthour . The Right Reverend Frederick F . Reese , the Bishop of Georgia ordained Walthour as deacon and priest in 1931 . On 21 October 1931 he married Margaret Simkins Baker . He was called to Grace Church in Waycross , Georgia , remaining there only briefly before being called to St . Andrew ' s Church in Tampa , Florida . From 1941 to 1947 , he served as chaplain at United States Military Academy , West Point . In 1947 , Walthour was called to be Dean of the Cathedral of St . Philip in Atlanta , Georgia . He was consecrated Bishop in 1952 and died within his first year . John Walthour was the 511th bishop consecrated in the Episcopal Church .
Operation Surgeon Operation Surgeon was a British post - Second World War programme to exploit German aeronautics and deny German technical skills to the Soviet Union . A list of 1 , 500 German scientists and technicians was drawn up . Policy was to forcibly remove " whether they liked it or not " the scientists from Germany to lessen the risk of them falling into enemy hands . It was feared that if they were allowed to remain in Germany they might enable the Soviet Union to " achieve a long range bomber force superior to any other in the world " . Of the removed scientists in the years 1946 - 1947 , 100 chose to work for the UK . Many of the listed scientists had already at the inception of the operation offered their services to British Commonwealth countries , Sweden , Switzerland , Brazil and South America , and regarded working for the Soviet Union as a last resort if stopped from working in Germany and unable to find employment elsewhere in the west . British records of the operation were made public in 2006 .
El Horria El Horria ( originally called Mahroussa ) was a Royal Yacht built for Isma ' il Pasha , the Khedive of Egypt in 1865 . It was built by the Samuda Brothers on the River Thames and designed along the same lines as , and remained in service with the Egyptian royal family until 1951 . It had two significant alterations , being lengthened by 40 feet in 1872 , with a further 16 . 5 feet being added in 1905 . The 1905 rebuild was undertaken at the Pointhouse Shipyard of A & J Inglis in Glasgow , Scotland and included the replacement of its two paddle wheels with triple screws powered by steam turbines built by Inglis at their Warroch Street Engine Works in Glasgow . Inglis were one of the first companies to be granted a license by the Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company , Wallsend for the construction of steam turbines in their own works . In 1869 , the " Mahroussa " gained fame as the first ship to pass through the newly completed Suez Canal as part of the opening ceremony . After the abdication of King Farouk and his arrival in Europe he sent back the yacht to Egypt with all the crew and the equipment , it was taken over by the Egyptian government for use as a naval training ship , and was given her current name . It spent most of its career in the eastern Mediterranean , but did participate in the International Naval Review held to commemorate the bicentennial of the United States of America . Presently , the ship is cared for by the Egyptian Navy , and is occasionally used as a Presidential Yacht . The ship goes to sea about three times a year , usually for just a day .
SM UC - 110 SM " UC - 110 " was a German Type UC III minelaying submarine or U - boat built for the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was launched on 6 July 1918 and completed on 16 December 1918 . Because " UC - 110 " was finished after the end of fighting , she was never commissioned into the German Imperial Navy ; had she been so commissioned , she would have been named SM " UC - 110 " . " UC - 110 " was awarded to the United Kingdom as a war reparation and foundered in 1921 when en route to the ship breaker .
George Sabin Gibbs George Sabin Gibbs , American general , was born in Harlan , Iowa , in 1875 . He graduated from Harlan High School in 1892 , from the State University of Iowa in 1897 , and by 1901 had earned a Masters degree in engineering . In 1898 Gibbs enlisted in the Iowa Volunteer Infantry as a private . During the Spanish American War and Philippine Insurrection , Gibbs served in the volunteer forces , mainly on Signal Corps duty , in ranks from private to first lieutenant . While a sergeant , Gibbs was cited for gallantry in action against the Spanish forces at Manila . After being commissioned a first lieutenant in the Signal Corps , Regular Army , Gibbs ' various duties included numerous surveys and construction of telegraph lines in Alaska and as chief Army signal officer of the Cuban Pacification . During World War I , Gibbs was the assistant Chief Signal Officer of the American Expeditionary Forces . He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal for his participation in the Aisne - Marne and Meuse - Argonne offenses . His post World War I assignments included duty on the War Department General Staff and Executive Officer to the Assistant Secretary of War . In 1924 , he supervised the completion of the new Washington - Alaska cable . Promoted to Major General , Gibbs became Chief Signal Officer on 19 January 1928 . He held this position until his retirement on 30 June 1931 . After retirement , Gibbs was Vice President of the International Telephone and Telegraph Company and in October 1931 President of the Postal Telegraph Cable Company . Later in 1934 he served as Vice Chairman of the board and a director of the Federal Telephone and Radio Corporation . Gibbs died on 9 January 1947 at Coral Gables , Florida . He was buried with full military honors in Section 3 of Arlington National Cemetery . Gibbs ' papers are at the Library of Congress .
1500th Air Transport Wing The 1500th Air Transport Wing ( ATW ) is a discontinued United States Air Force unit . It was last active in 1971 at Hickam Air Force Base , Hawaii under the designation 6486th Air Base Wing ( ABW ) . The 1500th ATW was a heavy cargo transport wing of Military Air Transport Service ( MATS ) , formed on 1 June 1949 . In 1952 the wing lost its operational elements and became the base support element for Hickam until it was replaced by the 15th Air Base Wing in 1971 . History . 1500th Air Transport Group . Military Air Transport Service assumed responsibility for the strategic airlift mission previously carried out by the Air Transport Command ( ATC ) , transporting cargo and personnel to destinations within the Pacific and the Continental United States . It organized the 531st Air Transport Group ( ATG ) at Hickam to replace ATC ' s 1521st Air Force Base Unit ( Air Transport ) . The group was initially equipped with three squadrons of C - 54 Skymaster s that could reach the Continental US , but required intermediate stopovers along the Pacific transport routes to stations as far away as Pakistan . The unit also had association with Naval Air Transport squadrons assigned to Hickam as part of the joint service organization of MATS . The group was a tenant organization at Hickam , which was a Pacific Air Command ( PAC ) Base . In October 1948 , the group was redesignated the 1500th ATG when MATS renumbered its Table of Distribution ( TD ) units to conform to USAF policy that its TD units be numbered between 1200 and 2100 . 1500th Air Transport Wing . In 1949 , Hickam transferred from PAC to MATS , and MATS organized the 1500th Air Transport Wing as the overall headquarters for the 1500th ATG and support organizations to operate Hickam . In 1949 , MATS reorganized its units at Hickam and the wing briefly lost its host responsibilities for Hickam and its operational squadrons . It soon received C - 54 squadron s , which were transferred from the 1501st ATW at Fairfeld - Susun ( later Travis ) AFB . It received its first long - range C - 97 Stratofreighter aircraft and two additional squadrons in 1951 . The wing reorganized in May 1952 as the 1500th Air Base Wing and the 1500th Air Transport Group was reassigned to Pacific Division , MATS . The wing continued as a support organization for Hickam and the Pacific Division until 1954 . At that time , in anticipation of the transfer of Hickam to Far East Air Forces ( later Pacific Air Forces ) ( PACAF ) , the wing was reassigned and renumbered as the 6486th Air Base Wing to reflect its new assignment . It remained the host at Hickam until being replaced by the 15th ABW in a USAF program to continue the histories of notable combat units . Lineage . Components . Groups Squadrons Note : 1284th Air Transport Squadron ( later 50th ATS ) operated a VC - 97 version of Stratofreighter , 1951 - 1966 for VIP / Special Air Missions .
105th Regiment Royal Artillery ( Volunteers ) 105th Regiment Royal Artillery ( Volunteers ) The Scottish & Ulster Gunners is a British Territorial Army ( TA ) Regiment of the Royal Artillery . The regiment is part of 51st ( Scottish ) Brigade ( and , to a degree , previously the 107th ( Ulster ) Brigade , but now the 38th for elements based in Ulster ) . It is currently equipped with the L118 Light Gun , which includes the famous " One O ' Clock Gun " at Edinburgh Castle . The regiment also fires salutes from Stirling Castle and Hillsborough Castle . The Regiment has its headquarters at Artillery House , adjacent to Redford Barracks in Edinburgh . The Regiment was first formed as the 105th ( Scottish ) Air Defence Regiment Royal Artillery on 1 April 1986 from the Scottish - based elements of 102nd ( Ulster and Scottish ) Regiment Royal Artillery ( V ) with its Regimental Headquarters at Artillery House , near Redford Barracks in Edinburgh . After the Options for Change defence review , 102 ( Ulster ) Air Defence Regiment was absorbed into the 105th Regiment in 1993 , becoming 206 ( Ulster ) Battery . Prior to 2006 and the implementation of the Delivering Security in a Changing World defence review , the regiment had an air defence role , using the Starstreak missile . Under Army 2020 , a new battery , 278 ( Lowland or City of Edinburgh ) Battery Royal Artillery based in Edinburgh will join this regiment . Subunits . The Unit consists of a Regimental Headquarters and three Artillery batteries , based throughout Scotland and Northern Ireland .
British Cemetery Montevideo Soldiers and Sailors British Cemetery Montevideo Sailors and Soldiers contains information about servicemen of different nationalities whose tombs can be found within the Cemetery . A few of these ships are well known to the general public , such as the Royston Grange or the Achilles , which was involved in the " Battle of the River Plate " . The British Cemetery Montevideo is included in the Roll of Honour and maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission . German Sailors from the Battle of the River Plate who settled in Montevideo . Sailors Corner . This Section of the British Cemetery contains the graves of quite a number of sailors of different nationalities , although the majority are of British descent . Some served with the Armed Forces , and others are from merchant ships that were in the River Plate area at the time . References . Material used from original documents held in the British Cemetery Montevideo .