naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert Whitney Burns Robert Whitney Burns ( September 15 , 1908 – September 5 , 1964 ) was a Lieutenant General in the United States Air Force who commanded the Air Training Command from August 1 , 1963 to August 10 , 1964 . Biography . Burns was born in 1908 in Stanley , Wisconsin . He would attend the University of Wisconsin - Madison . Burns died in 1964 in San Antonio , Texas of a short illness , shortly after his retirement . He is buried with his wife , Caroline , at Arlington National Cemetery . Caroline was the daughter of Medal of Honor recipient Archie Miller and granddaughter of Brigadier General Samuel Whitside , both of whom are also buried at Arlington . Career . Burns joined the United States Army Air Corps in 1928 . First he was assigned to the 17th Pursuit Squadron . In 1932 he was re - assigned to the 19th Pursuit Squadron . Later he would be assigned to tours of duty at Crissy Field and Randolph Air Force Base . In 1940 , he was a member of the Air Corps Military Mission to Chile , returning to the US in 1942 . In 1943 , he was sent to England , and the following year became Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations of the VIII Fighter Command . Later in 1944 , he became Director of Operations of the Eighth Air Force . In the final months of the war his commands included the 4th and 14th Bombardment Wing s . Burns would become Assistant Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force in 1953 and take command of the Fifth Air Force in 1958 . In 1961 Burns would become Chairman of the Inter - American Defense Board . While serving the assignment he was also assigned as senior Air Force member of the Military Staff Committee . In 1963 he was assigned as commanding officer of Air Training Command . A year later Burns would retire , effective as of August 10 . Awards he received include the Distinguished Service Medal , the Legion of Merit with two oak leaf clusters , the Distinguished Flying Cross , the Bronze Star Medal , the Air Medal with oak leaf cluster , the Commendation Medal , the Croix de Guerre , and the Order of the Merit of Chile ( First Class ) . Burns was also a member of the Order of the British Empire .
François - Marie , 1st duc de Broglie François - Marie de Broglie , 1er duc de Broglie ( 11 January 1671 – 22 May 1745 ) was a French military leader . Biography . Early years . Francois Marie de Broglie was the third son of Victor Maurice de Broglie , comte de Broglie , named for his grandfather , François Marie . He entered the army at an early age , and had a varied career of active service before he was made , at the age of twenty - three , lieutenant - colonel of the king ' s regiment of cavalry . Career . He served continuously in the War of the Spanish Succession and was present at Malplaquet . He was made lieutenant - general in 1710 , and served with Villars in the last campaign of the war and at the Battle of Denain . During the peace he continued in military employment , and in 1719 he was made director - general of cavalry and dragoon s . He was also employed in diplomatic missions and was ambassador in England in 1724 . The war in Italy called him into the field again in 1733 , and in the following year he was made marshal of France . In the campaign of 1734 he was one of the chief commanders on the French side , and he fought the Battles of Parma and Guastalla . A famous episode was his narrow personal escape when his quarters on the Secchia ( battle of Quistello ) were raided by the enemy on the night of 14 September 1734 . In 1735 he directed a war of positions with credit , but he was soon replaced by Marshal de Noailles . He was governor - general of Alsace when Frederick the Great paid a secret visit to Strasbourg in 1740 . In 1742 , during the War of the Austrian Succession , Broglie was appointed to command the French army in Germany , but the only success obtained was in the action of Sahay ( 25 May 1742 ) , for which he was created duc de Broglie and made a peer of France . He returned to France in 1743 , and died two years later . Personal life . He was the father of Victor - François , 2nd duc de Broglie and Charles - François de Broglie , marquis de Ruffec .
Henry Norwest Henry Norwest MM & Bar ( May 1 , 1884 , in Fort Saskatchewan , Alberta – August 18 , 1918 , at Fouquescourt , Somme , France ) was a distinguished Canadian sniper in World War I . Military career . A former ranch hand and rodeo performer , he served for a short time with the Royal Northwest Mounted Police until September 1915 when he joined the Canadian army . In his nearly three years of service with the 50th Canadian Infantry Battalion , the lance - corporal achieved a documented sniping record of 115 fatal shots . While Norwest was an outstanding marksman , the thing that set him apart from others was his superb stealth tactics and his expertise in the use of camouflage . As a result of his exceptional abilities his superiors frequently sent him on reconnaissance missions into " No Man ' s Land " or behind enemy lines . In 1917 , Norwest earned the Military Medal during the Battle of Vimy Ridge and the following year he was awarded the bar to his Military Medal . Only three months before the war ended , Norwest was on a mission to find a German sniper ' s lair when he was killed by the enemy sniper . His Ross Rifle is currently on display at The Military Museum in Calgary . The rifle which he carried on August 18 was a replacement of the one taken by the German sniper as a trophy . Personal life . Nicknamed " Ducky " , Henry Norwest was Métis of Cree / French origins from the Hobbema reserve in Alberta . Married and the father of three children , he is buried in the Warvillers Churchyard Extension Cemetery , Warvillers , Somme , France .
416th Engineer Command The 416th Theater Engineer Command ( TEC ) is a United States Army Reserve unit that conducts theater - level engineer operations for US Army Central Command , US Army Southern Command , supports continental U . S . – based engineer requirements as directed , and is prepared to participate in Joint and Combined regional contingency operations . It is also the higher command headquarters for the US Army Facility Engineer Group . History . The 416th Engineer Command provides theater - level engineer support to the Combatant Commander in the event of a contingency operation . It is designed to command hundreds of engineer units and thousands of Soldiers in a war fighting capacity . The Command has historical training relationships in South and Central America , Southwest Asia , and provides direct support to the US Army Central Command . Until mobilized , the 416th ENCOM is under operational control of the Headquarters , U . S . Army Corps of Engineers . As an operational command , the 416th has brigades and other assigned units with approximately 10 , 000 Soldiers located throughout the United States . The command was formed in 1950 , and served Iraq during the Gulf War and Afghanistan during Operation Enduring Freedom . 416th Soldiers have assisted with construction missions and supported joint exercises in the Honduras and Costa Rica . The 416th has deployed numerous detachments from the US Army Facility Engineer Group since the beginning of the Global War on Terror . Subordinate units . 315th Engineer Battalion located in Camp Pendleton , CA . 420th Engineer Brigade located in Bryan , TX
Dombarovsky ( air base ) Dombarovsky ( also given as Dombarovskiy and Tagilom ) is an interceptor aircraft base in Orenburg Oblast , Russia located 6 km northwest of the village of Dombarovsky , near Yasny . The facility featured three revetment compounds . Units stationed at Dombarovsky include : ICBM Base . Dombarovsky is also the home of the 13th Dombarovsky Red Banner Division , 31st Missile Army of the Strategic Rocket Forces . The base was built during the mid - 60s along with the majority of the Soviet ICBM bases . Its coordinates are different : 50 45 59 N , 59 32 40 E . The first base commader was Major - General Dmitri Chaplygin . Up to 10 units of Strategic Rocket Forces were based in the area , covering anywhere from 6 to 10 operational silos . At the peak of operations , Dombarovsky maintained a total of 64 silo s on full alert . By 2002 , according to the Russian press , the number had dropped to 52 . The missiles deployed in the region were primarily the RS - 20 type and its sub - variants . Imagery of the missile base can be easily obtained by Google Earth , showing the transport network and individual silos northeast towards Lake Zhetykol . On December 22 , 2004 , the Rocket Forces conducted from the base a test launch of an R - 36M2 to the Kamchatka Peninsula . Currently it is used by launch service provider ISC Kosmotras for commercial launches of Dnepr rocket s . Dnepr launches . As of October 1 , 2008 three spacecraft have been launched from Dombarovskiy using Dnepr - 1 rockets . They are :
Dunham Castle Dunham Castle is an early medieval castle in Dunham Massey , England ( ) . The castle is first referred to in 1173 , in a document stating Hamo de Masci held the castles of Dunham and Ullerwood . Documentary evidence suggests the castle at Dunham was still standing in 1323 . The castle fell into disuse between 1323 and 1362 . The castle probably existed on a mound , or motte , near the site of where Dunham Massey Hall is today . The motte is in diameter and survives in height . The site was surrounded by a moat which was later turned into an ornamental lake . Dunham Castle has been confused with Watch Hill Castle in nearby Bowdon , but the two were separate castles , though both probably owned by de Masci . Dunham Castle was a Scheduled Ancient Monument , but was delisted .
Volturno Line The Volturno Line ( also known as the Viktor Line ) was a German defensive position in Italy during the World War II . The line ran from Termoli in the east , along the Biferno River through the Apennine Mountains to the Volturno River in the west . Following the Allied invasion of Italy the German forces set up a series of defensive lines across Italy , intended to delay the Allied advance . The Volturno Line was the southernmost of these . 8th Army on the River Biferno ( Battle of Termoli ) . On the Adriatic coast , elements of the British 78th Infantry Division ' s 11th Brigade infantry crossed the Biferno at dawn on 3 October 1943 following an amphibious landing at Termoli by Commandos at 02 : 15 . By late morning , the two elements had linked up and that night 78th Division ' s 36th Brigade were able to be landed by sea at Termoli . However , logistical problems had prevented the Allies building a heavy duty bridge across the Biferno and when the bulldozed fords were washed away by heavy rains that evening there remained no way to get tanks across the river to support the infantry . On hearing of the landings at Termoli , the German supreme commander in Italy — " Generalfeldmarshall " Albert Kesselring — ordered the 16th Panzer Division to switch to the Adriatic front , presenting a major threat to the unsupported Allied infantry . As news of the German armour ' s arrival came in on 4 October , 78th Division ' s commander — Major - General Evelegh — demanded priority from 8th Army resources for bridging equipment . As more German armour arrived , the Allied troops across the Biferno were forced onto the defensive . By the afternoon of 5 October , they had been squeezed back to within of Termoli . However , at the same time frantic round the clock efforts by engineers had resulted in a heavyweight Bailey bridge being completed allowing Canadian and British armour across the Biferno . That evening , 78th Division ' s 38th ( Irish ) Brigade arrived by sea at Termoli and the German attack the following morning was narrowly repulsed in desperate fighting . By late morning on 6 October , the Allies were on the attack and by late afternoon the Germans had started to fall back to the next prepared defences on the River Trigno , the Barbara Line . 5th Army on the River Volturno . On the other coast , the U . S . 5th Army attacked across the Volturno on the night of 12 October . The Germans using rearguard tactics skillfully using the terrain which was favourable for defence , retreated to the next line north ( the Barbara Line ) which the Allies reached by 2 November .
Hans Stollnberger Hans Stollnberger ( born 10 April 1919 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Luftwaffe during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
963d Airborne Air Control Squadron The 963d Airborne Air Control Squadron ( 963 AACS ) is a squadron of the United States Air Force based at Tinker Air Force Base , Oklahoma . The squadron is a subordinate unit of the 552d Operations Group and it flies the E - 3 Sentry , radar surveillance aircraft . The squadron currently falls under the authority of Air Combat Command and Twelfth Air Force . Emblem . The 963d ' s mascot is the Blue Knight which is represented on the unit ' s insignia as a blue colored winged chess knight . The background is a series of black and white squares that resembles a chess board . Three bolts of lightning emitted from the knight ' s eye shows the lightning fast deployability of the AWACS , and the knight ' s wings represents the flying mission of the unit . History . The 963d Airborne Early Warning and Control Squadron ( 963 AEW & Cs ) was activated , on 8 July 1955 at McClellan AFB , California . The squadron flew the EC - 121 Warning Star , which was a military version of the Lockheed Constellation aircraft , until the unit ' s inactivation in 1976 . It was inactivated on 30 April 1976 . The inactivation lasted less than a week however , as the Air Force again activated the unit on 5 May 1976 and redesignated it as the 963d Airborne Warning and Control Squadron ( 963 AWACS ) . On 1 July 1976 , the squadron relocated to Tinker AFB , Oklahoma . The squadron was under the command of the 552 AWACW , which reported directly to Headquarters , Tactical Air Command ( TAC ) . The squadron began flying the new E - 3 Sentry aircraft upon being reactivated . This new airframe is a military version of the Boeing 707 aircraft . During the 1980s the squadron flew training missions in Saudi Arabia and throughout the Middle East . In 1990 the squadron deployed to Riyadh AB , Saudi Arabia with the military build - up prior to Operations Desert Shield / Desert Storm . In 1992 , the unit ( and its superior unit the 552 ACW ) came under the authority of the newly formed Air Combat Command ( ACC ) . Throughout the early to mid - 1990s , 963d aircrews routinely deployed to Incirlik AB , Turkey to support the northern Iraqi no - fly zone ( Operation Provide Comfort ) . Crews from the 963d also continued operations in Saudi Arabia on the southern no - fly zone ( Operation Southern Watch ) . They were also deployed to other trouble spots around the world as a modern form of Gunboat diplomacy . On April 14 , 1994 an aircraft and crew from the 963d operating out of Incirlik AB , Turkey featured prominently in the 1994 Black Hawk shootdown incident . In 1994 , the squadron ' s name was redesignated to 963d Airborne Air Control Squadron ( 963 AACS ) . The 963d AACS also participated in the invasion of Iraq in Operation Iraqi Freedom .
Artemus Gates Artemus Lamb Gates ( November 3 , 1895 – June 14 , 1976 ) was an American businessman , naval aviator , and Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Air in charge of naval aviation efforts in World War II ( 7 December 1941 - 30 June 1945 ) . He also was briefly Undersecretary of the Navy ( 3 July 1945 — 2 September 1945 ) . He was , at various times , President of New York Trust Company , and a director of Union Pacific , TIME , Boeing , Middle South Utilities , Inc . , Safeway , Inc . , Abercrombie & Fitch Co . , and Servo Corp . Background . A great grandson of lumber baron Chancy Lamb and a grandson of lumber baron Artemus Lamb , he grew up at " Oakhurst " in Clinton , Iowa . He was graduated from Hotchkiss School in 1914 and received his B . A . degree as a member of the class of 1918 at Yale University . He was a member of Skull and Bones , one of the best known of the secret societies based at Yale University . Gates was captain - elect of the Yale football team in 1917 Military service . During World War I , there was formed a Yale Unit of the Naval Reserve Flying Corps . The unit was closely associated with the Skull and Bones . The Yale unit was often referred to snidely as the millionaire squadron . While training in Florida the pilots often were wheeled to their planes in wheel chairs pushed by Black porters . Artemus Gates was a member of the Yale unit . He helped rescue downed fliers , was shot down , taken prisoner by the Germans and escaped . Previous flying experience enabled him to become an ensign in naval aviation in March , 1917 . He was released from active service in February , 1919 , as lieutenant - commander . Because of service on the front Mr . Gates was decorated by the United States government with the Navy Distinguished Service Medal , by Great Britain with the Distinguished Flying Cross ( United Kingdom ) , and by France with the Croix de Guerre and was made an officer of the Legion of Honor of France . Marriage . Gates married Alice Trubee Davison , a banking heiress and a sister of fellow Bonesman F . Trubee Davison , on January 3 , 1922 . They had two daughters , Diane and Cynthia .
Kunishi Shinano In May 1863 , he joined Kusaka Genzui and others in the bombing of an American warship . Rewarded for this success , he was made director of defenses at Shimonoseki . But in August , because of political issues , Chōshū was driven out of Kyoto , and at the same time , he was promoted to the status of senior retainer . Though he led a punitive force to Kyoto along with Masuda Kanenobu , Fukuhara Echigo , and Kijima Matabei , they were turned around by the combined Aizu - Satsuma army , and forced to retreat to Chōshū . The First Anti - Chōshū Expedition soon followed , led by Tokugawa Yoshikatsu of the Owari domain and Saigō Takamori of Satsuma . Eventually , with the Shogunate forcing Chōshū to submit , three men were chosen to take responsibility for the domain ' s actions : Masuda , Kunishi , and Fukuhara ; all three men committed suicide , with Kunishi Shinano ' s being at Chōsenji Temple , ending his life at the young age of 22 .
Rank ( formation ) A Rank is a line of military personnel , drawn up in line abreast ( i . e . standing side by side ) . Commonly , troops called to ' On the right , fall in ! ' do so by forming in line abreast , determining their initial position in relation to a marker . This may be a position on the ground or a single person placed previously to the movement . Often troops determine their spacing on the rank by extending their right arm to touch the left shoulder of the marker , or the person on that marked position , and , then starting from the right , align themselves visually to form a straight row . The alignment may then be checked by a non - commissioned officer making observations and calling orders from the end of the rank . ( Rarely , the order may be given to fall in on the left ) .
Maquis de l ' Ain et du Haut - Jura The Maquis de l ' Ain et du Haut - Jura were a group of maquis fighters in the French resistance during World War II . On 11 November 1943 , the Maquis de l ' Ain et du Haut - Jura , on orders from Colonel Henri Romans - Petit , took possession of the town of Oyonnax in the Ain departement , and paraded up to the war memorial laying a wreath in the form of the croix de Lorraine with the inscription " Les vainqueurs de demain à ceux de 14 – 18 " ( the conquerors of tomorrow to those of 14 – 18 ) . After a minute of silence and a rendition of the Marseillaise with the crowd , they returned to their camps in the mountains . A few weeks later , the English - speaking press published the news , which it is said managed to convince Churchill of the need to arm the French resistance . Oyonnax was rewarded for its zeal by a Médaille de la Résistance which features on its coat of arms .
Convoy PQ 8 Convoy PQ 8 was an Arctic convoy sent from Great Britain by the Western Allies to aid the Soviet Union during World War II . It sailed in January 1942 and arrived in Murmansk with the loss of one escort sunk , and one ship damaged . Ships . PQ 8 consisted of eight merchant ships ; five British , one Soviet , one American , one of Panamanian registry . The convoy was escorted by two minesweepers , joined by an Ocean escort of two destroyers " Matabele " and " Somali " , supported by the cruiser " Trinidad " . The convoy was joined in the last stage of the voyage by two Royal Navy minesweepers based at Murmansk . Voyage . PQ 8 sailed from Hvalfjord on 8 January 1942 . and was joined on 10 January by the Ocean escort . The German navy ( Kriegsmarine ) had established a patrol line of four U - boat s from Kirkenes to search for the convoy , but it was undetected by German aircraft or U - boats in the continuous darkness of the polar night , until the last day of the voyage . On 16 January the Eastern Local Escort joined ; on 17 January the convoy was found by " U - 454 " , which attacked and torpedoed the freighter " Hamatris " . She was taken in tow by the minesweeper " Speedwell " , and brought into Kola escorted by " Matabele " . However " U - 454 " struck again , torpedoing and sinking " Matabele " . Just two of her 200 crew survived . All other ships of PQ 8 arrived safely . The German navy planned to attack the convoy with the battleship German battleship Tirpitz , but shortages of fuel and insufficient destroyer escorts forced a postponement of the attack .
Futility ( poem ) Futility is a poem by Wilfred Owen , possibly the most renowned poet of the First World War , written in May 1918 and published as no . 153 in " The Complete Poems and Fragments " . The poem is well known for its departure from Owen ' s famous style of including disturbing and graphic images in his work ; the poem instead having a more soothing , somewhat light - hearted feel to it in comparison . A previous secretary of the Wilfred Owen Association argues that the bitterness in Owen ' s other poems " gives place to the pity that characterises his finest work " . Futility details an event where a group of soldiers attempt to revive an unconscious soldier by moving him into the warm sunlight on a snowy meadow . However , the " kind old sun " has absolutely no effect on the soldier - he has died . < poem > < / poem > The titular theme of the poem is claimed to be common to many World War I and World War II war poets and to apply not only to war , but human institutions ( including religion ) and human existence itself . Noting the " religious " nature of the poem ' s questioning , Cox and Dyson claim that " Futility " is a " poetic equivalent . . . to the famous Tomb in Westminster Abbey . " Depictions in popular culture . In 1982 , singer Virginia Astley set " Futility " to music she had composed ; the track was included on an NME compilation cassette in October 1982 ( credited as The Ravishing Beauties ) and on Virginia Astley ' s 1983 album " Promise Nothing " . The poem is among those set in the " War Requiem " of Benjamin Britten .