naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
ČZ vz . 27 The vz . 27 is a Czech semi - automatic pistol , based on the pistole vz . 24 , and chambered for 7 . 65 mm Browning / . 32 ACP . It is often designated the CZ 27 after the naming scheme used by the Česká zbrojovka factory for post - World War II commercial products . However , it is correctly known as vz . 27 , an abbreviation of the Czech " vzor 27 " , or " Model 27 " . After the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938 the pistol was folded into the German armed and police forces as the P27 . Construction of the pistol continued in Czechoslovakia until the 1950s . Allegedly , the Czech military sold five and a half thousand surplus vz . 27s to the Swiss in 1973 for half a million marks . Between 620 , 000 and 650 , 000 were manufactured in total , 452 , 500 of those under German occupation . In December 1948 , a gift of five " ČZ 247 " automatic variants of the pistol ( based on both the vz . 24 and vz . 27 ) was sent to Ethiopian ruler Haile Selassie . In 1949 , the vz . pistol was exported to 28 countries , including Turkey ( 3 , 286 pistols ) , England , South Africa , Egypt , Kenya , and Pakistan . Known military contracts include India , Brazil , Ecuador , Bolivia , Venezuela , and Poland .
2nd Battalion 8th Marines 2nd Battalion , 8th Marines ( 2 / 8 ) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune , North Carolina consisting of approximately 900 Marines and Sailors . Nicknamed " America ' s Battalion , " they fall under the 8th Marine Regiment and the 2nd Marine Division . Mission . The mission of the Marine Corps rifle squad is to locate , close with and destroy the enemy by fire and maneuver and / or repel enemy assault by fire and close combat . History . World War II . 2nd Battalion , 8th Marines was activated on 1 April 1940 in San Diego as the 2nd Battalion 8th Marine Regiment and assigned to the 2nd Marine Brigade . The 2nd Marine Brigade was re - designated 1 February 1941 as 2nd Marine Division . During World War II , the battalion participated in the Battle of Guadalcanal , Battle of Tarawa , Battle of Saipan , Battle of Tinian and the Battle of Okinawa . Following the surrender of Japan , the battalion deployed to Nagasaki , Japan in September 1945 as part of the occupation . They remained in Japan in this capacity until they redeployed back to Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune , North Carolina in June 1946 . The battalion was deactivated on 13 November 1947 as part of the post - war drawdown of forces . 1950 – 2000 . The battalion was reactivated on 1 December 1950 at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune , North Carolina and assigned to 2nd Marine Division . From July to September 1958 they took part in the United States intervention in during the Lebanon crisis . This was followed by a deployment to Guantanamo Bay Naval Base as part of the Cuban Missile Crisis from October to December 1962 . 2 Bat 8th Marines Echo Company was the Unit in Haiti in 93
Banquette In fortification , a banquette is a small foot path or elevated step along the inside of a rampart or parapet , by which the musketeer s get up to view the counterscarp , or to fire on the enemies in the moat . These are generally a foot and a half ( approximately half a metre ) high , and almost three feet ( approximately 90 cm ) wide . A banquette may also be an upholstered bench or a footbridge .
Osmond Drengot Osmond Drengot ( c . 985 – 1 October 1018 ) was one of the first Norman adventurers in the Mezzogiorno . He was the son of a petty , but rich , lord of Carreaux , near Avesnes - en - Bray in the region of Rouen . Carreaux gives his family the alternate name of " de Quarrel " . In 1016 , Osmond took part in a hunt with Duke Richard II of Normandy . While on hunt , he killed one William Repostel , a relative of the duke , in revenge for his sleeping with one of Osmond ' s daughters . Richard pardoned his life , but exiled him . Osmond fled to Italy , there to join the Byzantines in their fight against the Lombards , Saracens , papalists , and Holy Roman Empire . Before leaving Normandy , he raised an armed band of approximately 250 warriors : adventurers , outlaws , younger sons ( without a future in France ) , and four of his own brothers , namely Asclettin , Gilbert , Ralph , and Rainulf . In Italy , he and his followers joined with Melus of Bari and Guaimar III of Salerno , Lombards in revolt against Byzantine pretensions . In 1018 , Osmond and Gilbert died in the Battle of Cannae , a grave Norman defeat at the hands of the Greek general Basil Boiannes .
HMS Penelope ( 1798 ) HMS " Penelope " was a fifth - rate frigate of the Royal Navy , launched in 1798 and wrecked in 1815 . Career . Under Sir Henry Blackwood , she took part in the battle of 30 March 1800 against the " Guillaume Tell " . " Penelope " was credited with engaging and dismantling the masts of " Guillaume Tell " with two raking broadsides over her stern . This delayed " Guillaume Tell " and allowed " Foudroyant " and " Lion " to catch up and capture " Guillaume Tell " after a fierce battle . " Penelope " lost two killed and two wounded . , , " Penelope " , , and the brig shared in the proceeds of the French polacca " Vengeance " , captured entering Valetta , Malta on 6 April . Because " Penelope " served in the navy ' s Egyptian campaign ( 2 March to 8 September 1801 ) , her officers and crew qualified for the clasp " Egypt " to the Naval General Service Medal that the Admiralty authorised in 1850 for all surviving claimants . From 1803 , " Penelope " served in the English Channel under William Robert Broughton . " Penelope " shared with and in the proceeds of the " Jonge Obyna " , Smidt , master , on 13 June 1805 . Fate . On 27 April 1815 , " Penelope " , under James Galloway , ran aground near the Cap des Rosiers in Canada . In the night , she broke into three pieces , killing 40 of her crew .
USS LST - 991 USS " LST - 991 " was an " LST - 542 " - class tank landing ship in the United States Navy . Like many of her class , she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation . " LST - 991 " was laid down on 26 February 1944 at the Boston Navy Yard ; launched on 27 March 1944 ; sponsored by Dorothy Ann Govostes ; and commissioned on 6 May 1944 , with Lieutenant Randall R . Shake , USNR , in command . Service history . During World War II , " LST - 991 " was assigned to the Pacific theater and participated in the following operations : Following the war , " LST - 991 " performed occupation duty in the Far East and saw service in China . Decommissioned on 3 May 1946 , at Shanghai , she was transferred to the U . S . Department of State for immediate transfer to the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Commission for service in Republic of China . The ship is believed to have been torpedoed and sunk off of Quemoy Island by torpedo boats of the Chinese People ' s Liberation Army Navy . " LST - 991 " earned five battle star s for World War II service .
Edgar Mobbs Edgar Roberts " Mobbsy " Mobbs DSO ( 1882 – 1917 ) was an English rugby union footballer who played for and captained Northampton R . F . C . and England . He played as a three quarter . He was educated at Bedford Modern School where the name of a house now commemorates him . After initially being turned down as too old to join the army in World War I , Edgar raised his own " sportsman ' s " company of 250 sportsmen ( also known as Mobbs ' Own ) for the Northamptonshire Regiment . He rose to command his battalion with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel . Edgar was killed in action , in July 1917 , at Zillebeke during the Third Battle of Ypres , while attacking a machine gun post . His body has never been found , so his name is on the Menin Gate memorial . He was honoured with the Distinguished Service Order . In 1921 the first Mobbs ' Memorial Match was held between the East Midlands RFU and the Barbarians at Franklin ' s Gardens . In 2008 the Barbarians played Bedford Blues in the Mobbs Memorial Match at Goldington Road and did so again in 2009 . The final Mobbs Match to feature the Barbarians took place in April 2011 against Bedford . The fixture continues to be played with the Army Rugby Union facing Bedford and Northampton Saints in alternate years . A band from Northampton have named themselves The Mobbs after Edgar Mobbs .
SFOR The Stabilization Force ( SFOR ) was a NATO - led multinational peacekeeping force deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Bosnian war . Although SFOR was led by NATO , several non - NATO countries contributed troops . Mission . The stated mission of SFOR was to " deter hostilities and stabilise the peace , contribute to a secure environment by providing a continued military presence in the Area Of Responsibility ( AOR ) , target and coordinate SFOR support to key areas including primary civil implementation organisations , and progress towards a lasting consolidation of peace , without further need for NATO - led forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina " . Structure and history . SFOR was established in Security Council Resolution 1088 on December 12 , 1996 . It succeeded the much larger Implementation Force IFOR which was deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina on 20 December 1995 with a one year mandate . The commanders of the SFOR , who each served one - year terms , were General William W . Crouch , General Eric Shinseki , General Montgomery Meigs , Lt . General Ronald Adams , Lt . General Michael Dodson , Lt . General John B . Sylvester , Lt . General William E . Ward , Major General Virgil Packett and Brigadier General Steven P . Schook Troop levels were reduced to approximately 12 , 000 by the close of 2002 , and to approximately 7 , 000 by the close of 2004 . During NATO ' s 2004 Istanbul Summit the end of the SFOR mission was announced . It was replaced by the European Union ' s EUFOR Althea , on 2 December 2004 at NATO HQ , Camp Butmir , Sarajevo , B - H . SFOR was divided into three zones of operation : The three AOs were known collectively as Multi - National Divisions until the end of 2002 where they were reduced in scope to Multi - National Brigades . SFOR operated under peace enforcement , not peacekeeping , rules of engagement . For example , it was cleared , in 1997 , to neutralize Serb radio - television facilities . During its mandate , SFOR arrested 29 individuals who were charged with war crimes . Those arrested were transferred to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in the Netherlands . US service people serving in SFOR were awarded the NATO Medal . Member forces . The SFOR operated under the code names " Operation Joint Guard " ( December 21 , 1996 - June 19 , 1998 ) and " Operation Joint Forge " ( June 20 , 1998 - December 2 , 2004 ) . NATO nations providing troops included : Non - NATO nations providing troops included :
Yong Ying Yong Ying ( ) ( literally meaning " brave camps " ) are a type of regional army which emerged in the 1800s in Qing dynasty army , which fought in most of China ' s wars after the Opium War and numerous rebellions exposed the ineffectiveness of the Manchu Eight Banners and Green Standard Army . The Yong ying were created from the Tuanlian militia . Tuanlian history . Tuanlian ( 團練 ) is the Chinese term for localised militia which begun in the Zhou Dynasty , offered self - defense for the civilians . In May 1645 , Ming rebel leader Li Zicheng ( Chinese : 李自成 ) was killed by tuanlian of local land owners in Hubei province . In Qing Jiaqing Emperor reign , the corrupted Eight Banners and Green Standard Army were incapable of curbing the White Lotus Rebellion , Qing court began to order the local gentry and land owners of all the ten provinces to organize Tuanlian for self - defense , both the funding and control were in the hands of local gentry and land owners . Yong . Yong ( Chinese : 勇 ) , literary " Braves " , were the official name of the member of the militia , which were recruited from the local civilian . Yong ( Chinese : 勇 ) was not regarded as the official Imperial Army of Eight Banners or Green Standard Army , the funding and the logistics for them was provided by civilian society , not by the Imperial Court . These " braves " were grouped into units ( ying ) , known as the " Yong Ying " . The Xiang Army a " Yung - ying " army in Qing Dynasty China , separate from the Manchu 8 Banners and Green Standard Army . They used modern weapons and the officers were never rotated , so relationships formed between officers and the troops , unlike Green Standard and Banner forces . It was recorded that " Although rations came from public funds , the yung - ying troops were nevertheless grateful to the officers of the battalion for selecting them to be put on the rolls , as if they had received personal favours from the officers . Since in ordinary times there existed [ between the officers and the troops ] relations of kindness as well as mutual confidence , in battle it could be expected that they would see ach other through hardship and adversity " . Famous Yong Ying leaders . Zeng Guofan . During 1845 ' s Taiping Rebellion , tuanlian militia was expanded by Zeng Guofan into an army force of thirteen battalions consisted of 6500 men , a navy of ten battalions consised of 5000 men , of a total of 17 , 000 men , was given the name of Xiang Army , with Zeng Guofan as the Commander - in - chief , accepting orders from Zeng alone . The new rule was termed " Soldiers followed the general , soldiers belonged to the general " ( Chinese : 兵隨將轉 ， 兵為將有 ) , contrary to the old military rule before the Northern Song Dynasty ' s " Soldiers had no fixed commander , commander had no fixed soldiers " ( Chinese : 兵無常帥 ， 帥無常兵 ) . This new military rule was the direct cause of the Warlord era . These Tuanlian were turned into the Yong Ying Xiang Army .
USS Namontack ( YN - 46 ) USS " Namontack " ( YN - 46 / YNT - 14 / TYB - 738 ) was built in 1938 as the " Thomas E . Moran " by the Defoe Shipbuilding Company , Bay City , Michigan , for the Moran Towing and Transportation Company , New York City . She was purchased by the United States Navy on 28 November 1940 ; renamed the " Namontack " and classified YN - 46 ; converted to a net tender at the New York Navy Yard ; and placed in service on 18 March 1941 . Service history . " Namontack " departed New York on 26 March 1941 , and on arrival at Norfolk , Virginia , on 28 March , reported for duty to the Commandant 5th Naval District . Based at Little Creek , Virginia , for the duration of the war , she performed tug and net and boom tending services there until 1946 , except for the period May to July 1942 , when she served on Inshore Patrol duty . During this period , she was reclassified as YNT - 14 on 1 May 1942 , and was again reclassified to YTB - 738 on 2 August 1945 . She was placed out of service on 21 August 1946 and was struck from the Naval Register on 30 December 1946 . She was sold on 30 April 1947 . The name " Namontack " comes from a Native American sent , in 1605 , by Chief Powhatan to live with English settlers in Tidewater , Virginia , and gain knowledge of their customs and language . Christopher Newport took him to England on 10 April 1608 . Namontack remained there for three months and returned to Virginia .
Schu - mine 42 The Schu - mine 42 was a German anti - personnel blast landmine used during the Second World War . It consisted of a simple wooden box with a hinged lid containing a 200 g block of cast TNT . A slot in the lid pressed down on the striker retaining pin , sufficient pressure on the lid caused the pin to move , releasing the striker which triggered the detonator . The mine was cheap to produce , and its wooden body made it more difficult to detect with early metal detectors .
Tail - chase engagement A tail - chase engagement ( or rear - aspect engagement ) is one where a surface - to - air missile system or jet aircraft engages another aircraft while the target aircraft is flying away from the attacker . This makes engagement with cannon s or infra - red homing missiles easier because of the minimal lateral target movement relative to the attacker and the fact that the hot engine exhaust nozzle ( s ) are pointing directly at the attacker , making the infra - red seeker ' s task of tracking the target much easier . Missiles typically have a very high chance of hitting a target in a tail - chase engagement because of the much reduced closure rate . If the missile is travelling at Mach 2 . 5 and the aircraft at Mach 1 , the combined overtake rate of Mach 1 . 5 means that the missile should be easily able to respond to any evasive maneuvers the aircraft might perform . Missiles can typically maneuver faster than aircraft and in a tail - chase engagement the target has no real advantage over the missile . Its only real hope is to fly away from the missile fast enough that the overtake rate is reduced to virtually nil , and then force the missile to follow it through several turns , bleeding off its residual energy and causing it to fall away . It has the disadvantage , however , of meaning that any missiles or cannon rounds fired at the target must be able to reach and overtake it despite the speed at which the target is moving away . This greatly reduces the effective range at which these munitions can be used . Many missiles have an effective range in a tail - chase engagement on the order of one - third or one - quarter of that in a head - on engagement . In addition , in the case of an engagement between two aircraft , the attacking aircraft will probably have to engage afterburner and chase the target down , using up a lot of fuel in the process .
USS Orion ( AC - 11 ) USS " Orion " ( AC – 11 ) was a collier of the United States Navy . The ship was laid down by the Maryland Steel Co . , Sparrows Point , Maryland , on 6 October 1911 , launched on 23 March 1912 , and commissioned at Norfolk on 29 July 1912 . Service history . Atlantic Fleet , 1912 — 1917 . Assigned to general collier duty with the Atlantic Fleet in September , " Orion " remained in the western Atlantic until placed in reserve at Norfolk on 9 October 1914 . Recommissioned on 28 December , she continued to serve the Atlantic Fleet until ordered to Cavite in January 1917 . World War I , 1917 — 1918 . " Orion " was at Colón in the Canal Zone when the United States entered World War I in April 1917 . " Orion " remained there until 21 May , then returned to Norfolk , whence she steamed to the Azores for operations during June and July . During the latter month , she also assisted in placing a defensive chain across the harbor at Punta Delgado . Returning briefly to Hampton Roads , " Orion " departed again on 18 August and carried coal and drafts of men to Bahia , Brazil for further transfer to " Frederick " , " Mount Baker " , and . During the fall she served on the east coast from Norfolk to Boston , then , in January 1918 , joined the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) . Continuing her collier duties under NOTS , she served on general duty in Chesapeake Bay until she steamed south again in April . In May , she off - loaded coal at Montevideo , then headed back toward New York . Just after departing the former , she sighted an enemy submarine and fired on it , chasing it off . On arrival back in the United States , she resumed her more mundane coastal collier duties . Pacific Fleet , 1918 — 1925 . After the end of the war and the completion of a coal run to France , " Orion " returned to the United States , and on 5 February 1919 was detached from NOTS and assigned to duty with the Atlantic Fleet . In June , she steamed to the west coast where she joined the Pacific Fleet and for the next year resupplied ports on the west coasts of both North and South America . In August , she was transferred to the Naval Transport Service , then on maneuvers in the West Indies , and with that service continued to supply fleet units until December 1925 . Decommissioning and sale . Then ordered inactivated , she decommissioned at Norfolk on 18 June 1926 . Struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 10 July 1931 , she was sold to the Union Ship Building Co . , Baltimore , Maryland on 30 August 1933 .
USS Emerald ( SP - 177 ) The second USS " Emerald " ( SP - 177 ) was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1918 . " Emerald " was built as the civilian yacht " Emrose " in either 1906 or 1916 by Pusey and Jones at Wilmington , Delaware for A . W . Rose of New York . She later became the property of Maxwell Wyeth of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , and was renamed " Emerald " . The U . S . Navy acquired " Emerald " from Wyeth on 23 July 1917 for World War I service as a patrol vessel and placed her in service that day as USS " Emerald " ( SP - 177 ) . Sources differ on whether she was commissioned or served in non - commissioned status . For the rest of World War I , " Emerald " served in the 4th Naval District on harbor entrance patrol duty in Delaware Bay . " Emerald " was taken out of service on 12 December 1918 and returned to Wyeth .
USNS Lawrence H . Gianella ( T - AOT - 1125 ) USNS " Lawrence H . Gianella " ( T - AOT - 1125 ) is a United States Military Sealift Command product tanker which typically carries diesel , gasoline , and JP5 ( jet fuel ) . Its reinforced bow allows it to occasionally make the yearly fuel delivery to McMurdo Station in Antarctica . Name origin . The vessel is named for Radio Operator Laurence H . Gianella who was posthumously awarded the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal in 1943 for the heroic action he undertook when his ship was torpedoed on 19 December 1941 in mid - Pacific . Orders had been given to abandon the rapidly sinking ship but Gianella - realizing that his shipmates chances of rescue were slim and dependent on him getting out an SOS message - stayed on board and rigged an emergency radio set , thus sacrificing himself for his shipmates .
Ottoman – Portuguese conflicts ( 1558 – 66 ) The third Ottoman - Portuguese Conflicts ( 1558 – 1566 ) was an armed military conflict between the Portuguese Empire and the Ottoman Empire in the Indian Ocean . Portugal had been victorious in the second Ottoman – Portuguese Conflicts ( 1558 – 1563 ) , however the Ottomans went on with a new war , given the continuous expansion of the Portuguese Empire in the Indian Ocean , which threatened the Ottoman monopoly of the spice trade through the Middle East . At the behest of Suleiman the Magnificent the Ottoman fleet attacked and plundered Portuguese ships , fortifications and settlements in the Indian Ocean , Asia and in East Africa . The Portuguese forces were commanded by Estêvão da Gama , as in the previous war . By the time Suleiman died ( 1566 ) , the conflict ended .
Chester Thomas O ' Brien Chester Thomas O ' Brien ( August 1 , 1897 – January 24 , 1943 ) was a United States Marine . He was born at Lyons , New York on August 1 , 1897 . O ’ Brien enlisted in the United States Marine Corps on July 24 , 1917 . He served at Parris Island , aboard , at Quantico , Santo Domingo , Guam , China , and on Guadalcanal until his death January 24 , 1943 . Platoon Sergeant O ' Brien was awarded the Silver Star medal for heroic service at Guadalcanal . The was named in his honor . She was launched February 29 , 1944 by Brown Shipbuilding Co . , Houston , Texas ; sponsored by Mrs . J . Edington , sister of Platoon Sergeant O ' Brien ; commissioned July 3 , 1944 , Lieutenant Commander R . D . White , USNR , in command ; and reported to the Atlantic fleet .