naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Tzirallum The Battle of Tzirallum was one of the civil wars of the Tetrarchy fought on 30 April 313 between the Roman armies of emperors Licinius and Maximinus . The battle location was on the " Campus Serenus " at Tzirallum , identified as the modern - day town of Çorlu , in Tekirdağ Province , in the Turkish region of Eastern Thrace . Sources put the battle between 18 and 36 Roman miles from Heraclea Perinthus , the modern - day town of Marmara Ereğlisi . Background . The emperors Licinius and Maximinus were locked in a struggle for supremacy for the Eastern provinces of the Roman Empire . Maximinus had crossed the Bosphorus in 313 , and taken Byzantium . Possessing an army of around 70 , 000 , he proceeded to lay siege to the town of Heraclea Perinthus , which he captured after a siege of eight days . Maximinus moved ahead to the " first station " , 18 miles beyond Heraclea . On arriving there , news reached him that Licinius , coming from Adrianople had already pitched camp with his force at the second station , 18 miles further ahead . After a period of fruitless negotiations , in which both emperors attempted to win over the loyalty of the other ' s armies , the emperors met in battle on 30 April . The battle location , Tzirallum , is identified with the contemporary town of Tzouroulon , which is the modern Turkish city of Çorlu . The battle . Maximinus had brought over with him a highly disciplined and veteran army from the Asiatic provinces . Licinius on the other hand had collected an army of 30 , 000 from the province of Illyria . As the battle commenced , Licinius initially found himself overwhelmed by Maximinus ' numerical superiority . However , his superior military skill and the firmness of his troops soon turned the odds to his favour . By the end of the day had completely routed the forces of Maximinus , thereby obtaining a decisive victory . Aftermath . Maximinus did not hang around to enjoy his defeat . The incredible speed which Maximinus exerted in his flight is much more celebrated than his prowess in the battle . Twenty - four hours afterwards he was seen pale , trembling , and without his Imperial ornaments , at Nicomedia , 160 miles from the place of his defeat . Licinius took his time and soon pursued Maximinus into the Asiatic provinces .
AP NM AE T1 mine The Min AP NM AE T1 ( Mina Anti - Pessoal Não - Magnética Auto Explosiva modelo T1 ) is a small Brazilian minimum metal anti - personnel mine . The mine has a plastic case in the form of a truncated cone . with a small protruding fuse and pressure plate . The small size of the pressure plate gives the mine some blast resistance . The main charge is in the form of a small inverted cone which generates a shaped charge effect when detonated . The mines is armed by removal of a small safety pin , after which pressure on the small pressure plate compresses a small spring , which releases two small safety detent s , releasing the striker to be forced into a percussion cap , triggering the booster charge and then the main charge . The mine was produced until 1989 by Quimica Tupan Ltda in Brazil , and was in service with the countries armed forces . All operational stocks of the mine have been destroyed .
George D . Murray George Dominic Murray ( July 6 , 1889 – June 18 , 1956 ) was a vice admiral of the United States Navy and early naval aviator . Biography . Murray was born in Boston , Massachusetts , attended the U . S . Naval Academy , graduating in 1910 and became a naval aviator in 1915 . During World War II , he commanded the aircraft carrier , from 21 March 1941 to 30 June 1942 , which included the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo and the Battle of Midway . At the end of the war , he was the commander of the Mariana Islands , and accepted the Japanese surrender of the Caroline Islands aboard his flagship , the cruiser . He commanded the First Fleet from August 1947 to August 1948 . He retired as Vice Admiral in 1951 , died in San Francisco , California on 18 June 1956 , and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery . In 1961 , Murray was posthumously designated the third recipient of the Gray Eagle Award , as the most senior active naval aviator from 1947 until his retirement .
Robert W . Lyon Robert W . Lyon ( May 22 , 1842 – October 9 , 1904 ) , served as Mayor of Pittsburgh from 1881 to 1884 . Early life . Mayor Lyon was born in Butler County , Pennsylvania north of Pittsburgh in 1842 . He joined the 102nd Pennsylvania Volunteers during the American Civil War . When he came home from war Lyon made a small fortune in the petroleum industry . Pittsburgh politics . Mayor Lyon won election in 1881 and was best known as " the working man ' s mayor . " He guided city hall into the completion of the Smithfield Street Bridge and the successful annexation of the Garfield neighborhood . The AFL , forerunner to the AFL - CIO , was founded in Pittsburgh under his administration . Later life . On stepping down from the mayor ' s office in 1884 , Mayor Lyon — " the working man ' s mayor " — went to work in a steel mill and worked in county government until his death in 1904 . He is buried in Calvary Cemetery in the west suburb of McKees Rocks .
Possenhofen Castle Possenhofen Castle ( ) is located in the town of Possenhofen on the western shore of Lake Starnberg in Bavaria , Germany . History . The castle was built in 1536 by Jakob Rosenbusch , was destroyed during the Thirty Years ' War , then rebuilt . It passed through various owners before being bought in 1834 by Maximilian , Duke in Bavaria , father of the future Empress Elisabeth ( wife of Emperor Francis Joseph I ) ; thus , the castle is best remembered today as her childhood home and favourite vacation retreat . The castle became derelict after 1920 and subsequently served various functions — children ' s home , hospital , even a motorcycle repair shop — until being restored and converted to flats in the 1980s . The street address is Karl - Theodor - Strasse 14 , Possenhofen .
USS Gladiola ( SP - 184 ) USS " Gladiola " ( SP - 184 ) was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Gladiola " was built as a civilian motor yacht of the same name in 1911 by Hudson Yacht and Building Company at Nyack , New York . The U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Coburn Haskell , on 17 April 1917 for World War I service as a patrol vessel . She was commissioned as USS " Gladiola " ( SP - 184 ) on 1 May 1917 with Ensign John S . Baker , USNRF , in command . " Gladiola " was placed under the operational control of the 5th Naval District and served in the Norfolk - Hampton Roads , Virginia , area as a naval port guard craft and as a customs boat . " Gladiola " was decommissioned and simultaneously returned to her owner on 25 February 1919 .
Thomas Balch Thomas Balch ( Leesburg , Virginia , July 23 , 1821 — Philadelphia , March 29 , 1877 ) was an American historian , best known for his work on the American Revolutionary War , originally written in French and later translated into English as " The French in America during the War of Independence of the United States , 1777 - 1783 " . He was married to Emily Swift Balch ( 1832 - 1917 ) of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . Mrs . Balch was a member of the Acorn Club of Philadelphia , and the Colonial Dames of America . Thomas Balch has been called the " father of international arbitration " for his work in popularizing this peaceful mechanism of international dispute resolution ( see Thomas Balch Library ) . Balch Library . In 1922 , a library building was constructed in Leesburg , Virginia as a memorial to Thomas Balch , and was named " The Thomas Balch Library . Thomas Willing Balch ( 1866 - 1927 ) and Edwin Swift Balch ( 1856 - 1927 ) , sons of Thomas Balch , originally endowed the subscription library . Thomas Balch died March 29 , 1877 in Philadelphia , and was buried at the Old Trinity Church
Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht ( 1753 – 9 March 1828 ) was a British soldier who , at his own expense in 1793 , raised the 79th Cameron Highlanders regiment , which remains as part of The Highlanders ( Seaforth , Gordons and Camerons ) . Military career . Born in Erracht , near Banavie in Lochaber Cameron joined the army as a volunteer and served in North America . At the beginning of the American War of Independence Cameron was captured by American colonists in 1775 and imprisoned for two years in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He returned to Scotland in 1784 . After war was declared with revolutionary France in 1793 Cameron raised the 79th Foot ( later known as the Cameron Highlanders ) and was accepted as its Colonel ( although his army rank still appears to be no more than Major at this point ) . He commanded the regiment when it joined the forces of the Duke of York in the Flanders Campaign 1794 , and during the retreat through Holland 1795 . From 1795 - 1797 the regiment was in the West Indies and served at Martinique . Cameron was promoted Lieutenant - Colonel in 1796 . Devastated by fever the 79th was eventually withdrawn from the West Indies and rebuilt in Guernsey 1798 . Cameron again served under York in the Helder Campaign in 1799 . The 79th was in garrison in Houat in 1800 , then joined Abercromby ' s expedition to Egypt & Minorca 1801 . A 2nd battalion was raised in 1804 . Cameron was confirmed as Colonel 79th Foot on 1 January 1805 . In 1807 he led his regiment in the expedition against Copenhagen under Cathcart . Cameron joined the army in the Peninsular in late 1808 , as a Brigadier - General commanding the 2nd Brigade of Rowland Hill ’ s 3rd Division in Portugal , collecting stragglers from Moore ’ s army . Under Wellesley from 1809 , his brigade saw action at Oporto 12 May , then became the 2nd Brigade of Sherbrooke ’ s 1st Division , fighting at Talavera 28 July , and at Busaco 27 September 1810 . He was promoted Major - General on 25 July 1810 & invalided home . Cameron was noted for his outspoken eccentricity . When asked his opinion on the idea of replacing kilts with ‘ trews ’ in the Highland regiments he responded famously and at length against it . When the 95th Rifles were added to make up his brigade in late 1808 " On hearing that our four companies were to be put under his command , this gallant but eccentric old chieftain declared , ‘ he did not want a parcel of riflemen , as he already had a thousand Highlanders , who would face the devil . ’ Had our corps been raised northward of the Tweed , it is more probable that our brigadier would have set a higher value on us ; but we were moved to another brigade before he had an opportunity of judging of the merits or demerits of the Southerners in the field " Cameron became a Knight of the Bath in 1815 and lieutenant - general in 1819 .
USS Competent ( AM - 316 ) USS " Competent " ( AM - 316 / MSF - 316 ) was an acquired by the United States Navy . " Competent " was a U . S . Navy oceangoing minesweeper , named after the word " competent " , meaning adequate , capable , or fit . HMS " Amelia " ( BAM - 3 ) was launched 30 January 1943 by General Engineering and Dry Dock Co . , Alameda , California sponsored by Miss M . S . Upton ; retained for use by the U . S . Navy ; assigned the name " Competent " and reclassified AM - 316 , 23 January 1943 ; and commissioned 10 November 1943 , Lieutenant D . D . Long , Jr . , USNR , in command . Service history . World War II . " Competent " arrived in Pearl Harbor on 21 January 1944 . Eight days later she departed to escort munitions carrier to Majuro , where " Competent " swept mines and acted as harbor entrance control and pilot ship from 5 February to 31 March . Returning to Pearl Harbor 7 April she continued to escort convoys to the Marshalls until 15 July . " Competent " reached Port Purvis 24 August for exercises in the Solomons until 8 September when she sailed to Kossol Passage to sweep and patrol the west entrance during the invasion of Peleliu . She escorted a convoy back to Port Purvis 13 October , and on 2 November departed for a U . S . West Coast overhaul . On 8 April 1945 " Competent " cleared San Francisco , California , with a convoy bound for Okinawa . From her arrival 20 May she patrolled and screened the transports , then swept mines from 5 July to 25 August . During September she lay at Okinawa , then swept off Chusan Archipelago during October . She operated out of Sasebo , Japan , on various duties in support of the occupation until 6 March 1946 when she cleared for San Francisco , California , arriving 21 April . She operated on the west coast until placed out of commission in reserve 30 January 1947 . Korean War . Recommissioned 29 February 1952 as a result of the Korean War , " Competent " put to sea from Long Beach , California , 7 July and arrived at Sasebo , Japan , 7 August . From this port she swept and patrolled Korean waters until returning to Long Beach , California 5 February 1953 . During her second Far Eastern tour from 5 October 1953 to 2 June 1954 , she patrolled with task force TF 95 off Korea to preserve the truce . Decommissioning and sale . Reclassified MSF - 316 , 7 February 1955 , " Competent " operated along the west coast until she was decommissioned and placed in reserve 15 April 1955 . After seventeen years in " mothballs " , she was sold to Mexico in September 1972 . She served in the Mexican Navy as ARM " Ponciano Arriaga " ( Cuntil 1988 . Awards . " Competent " earned five battle stars for World War II service and two battle stars for the Korean War .
Battle of Bakenlaagte The Battle of Bakenlaagte occurred on 30 October 1901 during the guerrilla phase of Anglo - Boer war of 1899 – 1902 . The battle saw the Eastern Transvaal Boer commandos of Generals Grobler , Brits , Viljoen and Louis Botha attack the rear guard of Colonel Benson ' s much feared No 3 Flying Column while it was in marching formation to its base camp . Battle . Benson ' s British No 3 flying column , comprising 2000 men , specialised in night raids that were terrorising Boer Commandos on the highveld , it had become so successful that General Botha ordered all available boer forces to accumulate at Bakenlaagte so as to attack Benson . The No 3 Flying Column was marching back to a refit station after performing farm clearing operations . Rainy and misty weather had reduced visibility and made the going difficult which caused the marching British column to become spread out into clusters of troops . The column force became further extended when Benson began to deploy small detachments of mounted men and infantry to suppress small Boer sniping teams that were roaming around the marching column . General Botha arrived with about 800 reinforcements after riding about without stopping , on arrival , Botha observed that the strung out column provided an ideal opportunity for an overwhelming force to roll up the isolated and spread out groups of commonwealth troops piecemeal and immediately ordered a large Boer force of mounted men to attack the small isolated rear guard of the column . Outnumbered four to one , the Columns rear guard of 210 Commonwealth troops set up a defensive position on Gun Hill and fought about 900 Boers in a close quarter twenty minute gun fight that ended only when the column rear guard was annihilated . Great bravery was demonstrated by the men on both sides with combined casualties numbering approximately 87 killed with 182 wounded . Colonel Benson ( a veteran of the Battle of Magersfontein , 11 December 1899 ) was to die the next morning from wounds received on the field of battle . This rear - guard action allowed the main column time to deploy and set up a defensive perimeter under Lt Colonel Wools - Sampson . This deployment prevented the attacking Boer forces from riding on and capturing the main column as originally planned . The Boers left the field with what ever spoils they could carry and the British carried in the wounded to the entrenched camp during the night . The Bakenlaagte battlefield is located on the Kriel - Kinross road at the intersection of the R547 and R580 roads in Mpumalanga Province , just south of Matla Power Station . The 73 dead Commonwealth troops were buried on Gun Hill but later reinterred in Primrose Cemetery , Corner of Cemetery road and Beaconsfield road , Germiston in the 1960s . Lt Colonel Benson ' s grave is located at . Sadly , some of the white granite graves have been vandalised and the brass letters on Colonel Benson ' s granite grave have been stolen . References . Bakenlaagte - The Story by Clive Willsworth , ISBN 978 - 1 - 920169 - 20 - 6 www . up . ac . za / dspace / bitstream / 2263 / 12638 / 6 / 003 p50 - 99 . pdf bakenlaagte
Fort McAllister Historic Park Fort McAllister Historic Park is a Georgia state park located near Keller and Richmond Hill in South Bryan County , Georgia and on the south bank of the Ogeechee River ( some parts of the park border the Atlantic Ocean ) . The park is home to the best preserved earthwork fortification of the Confederacy . Though the earthworks were attacked seven times by Union soldiers , it did not fall until taken by General Sherman in 1864 during his famous March to the Sea . The park , located on the coast , is nestled among giant live oak s and a large salt marsh . In addition , the park contains a museum specializing in Civil War artifacts .
Jean Grelaud Jean Grelaud ( October 26 , 1898 – February 25 , 2007 ) was , at age 108 , one of the last three " poilus " or official French veteran s of the First World War . He died at the age of 108 years and 122 days . Life . Mobilized on March 10 , 1917 , he participated as a soldier a month later in the Second Battle of the Aisne on the Western Front . In July 1918 , he had been captured by the German army during the Second Battle of the Marne , but he escaped , although he only came back to France on November 21 , 1918 , so after the Armistice . He was demobilised in 1920 . Jean Grelaud also took part in the Second World War as a fighter , and for this war he awarded the " Croix du combattant volontaire 1939 - 1945 " , but refused to give account to media of what he ' d exactly done . His life was kept secretive as well . For example , his death was announced eight days later , on March 5 , 2007 , according to his last wishes .
Ralph Dominic Gamble Captain Ralph Dominic Gamble MC was born in Simla , India in 1897 . The second child and the only son of Sir Reginald Arthur Gamble . His grandfather had been Dominic Jacotin Gamble , a veteran of the Crimean War and campaigns in New Zealand . Eventually , he had become the Director of Military Education prior to his death in 1887 . His sister married Kenneth Arthur Noel Anderson . Ralph was educated in England at Summer Fields , a prep school in Oxford 1906 - 1912 and as a King ' s Scholar at Eton College 1912 - 1916 . There , he was one of the top academics at the school despite the fact that he was far more interested in sports . He was talented at cricket , all of the school variations of football , as well as at Eton Fives . On leaving school , he joined the 1st Battalion Coldstream Guards . Having served through the Battle of the Somme and then Cambrai he was promoted to the rank of Captain . He was leading his Company when he was killed in action near Moyenville on 22 August 1918 . There was heavy shelling in the area and he was killed instantly . Of two Lieutenants accompanying , one was killed early on and the other had already been severely wounded . Following his death , the Officer commanding the 2nd Guards Brigade put him forward for the Distinguished Service Order . Eventually , in 1919 , Gamble was instead awarded the Military Cross for leading his company into heavy fog and taking a position without the tanks allocated to support him during the action that cost him his life .
6th Army Corps ( Ukraine ) The 6th Army Corps is one of three army corps of the Ukrainian Ground Forces . The Corps is headquartered in Dnipropetrovsk , Ukraine . It ' s units are spread across Poltava Oblast , Sumy Oblast , Kharkiv Oblast , and Kirovohrad Oblast The Corps was formed after the collapse of the Soviet Union from a redesignation of the former Soviet 6th Guards Tank Army . 6th Guards Tank Army had incorporated three tank divisions , the 17th , 42nd , and 75th . However the later two were disbanded by 1991 - 92 . In 1992 Zaloga listed the 17th Guards TD and 93rd MRD as being part of the army . However in 1991 - 1993 the 254th Motor Rifle Division , was withdrawn from the Southern Group of Forces and joined the 6th Army Corps , garrisoned at Artemivsk . It later became the 254th Mechanised Division . In Decree of the President of Ukraine No 350 / 93 , 21 . 08 . 1993 , ' On conferring military ranks ' , Colonel СВІДІ Івану Юрійовичу , named as commander of the 17th Tank Division of the 6th Army Corps ( Odessa MD ) , was promoted to Major - General . Thus b y August 1993 the Corps had been shifted to the Odessa MD . On December 3 , 1993 Colonel Vladimir Polivoda , Commander 254th Mechanized Division , 6th Army Corps , Odessa Military District was promoted to Major General It later became the 52nd Mechanised Brigade . In 2004 , the Corps disbanded 2 brigades ( among them , the 52nd Mechanised Brigade in October 2004 ) and 3 regiments . One brigade and one regiment were added . In 2006 , the Corps almost doubled in size .
William Holmes ( British Army officer ) Lieutenant - General Sir William George Holmes KBE CB DSO and Bar ( 1892 – 1969 ) was a British general of the Second World War . Early life . Holmes was educated at Gresham ' s School , Holt , and the Royal Military Academy . Army service . First Commissioned into the Royal Welch Fusiliers in 1911 , Holmes served throughout the Great War , during which he was mentioned in despatches four times and received the DSO and bar , and the Italian silver medal for valour . In 1921 he served in Waziristan . In 1933 he was commanding officer of the 2nd Battalion , The East Lancashire Regiment . After a general staff position in the Northern Command from 1934 to 1935 , Holmes was given command of the British 8th Infantry Brigade . In 1937 , he became the British Army ' s youngest Major General , and in 1938 got his first divisional command , of the Territorial Army 42nd Infantry Division . Holmes commanded the 42nd Division in France in 1940 with the British Expeditionary Force . After the fall of France and the retreat and evacuation from Dunkirk Holmes was given command of the newly formed X Corps in Syria and North Africa . From 1941 to 1942 he was General Officer Commanding British Troops Egypt , before becoming General - Director of Transportation at the War Office . Holmes ' s last command was the Ninth Army , based in Palestine and Transjordan , a command he held until his retirement in 1945 .
SS Drottningholm RMS " Virginian was a steam turbine powered transatlantic ocean liner , launched in 1904 for the Allan Line . She operated from 1920 to 1948 for the Swedish American Line as SS " Drottningholm . Career . Built in 1905 by Alexander Stephen and Sons in Glasgow for the Allan Line of Canada . Commissioned as SS " Virginian " , she served the Allan Line , as a sistership to from 1905 until 1920 . In 1912 , she was one of several ships in wireless radio communication with , giving iceberg warnings , and at one point erroneous wireless messages had " Virginian " towing " Titanic " to Halifax , Nova Scotia and that all on board " Titanic " were safe . Such a report appeared in the " Daily Mirror " on 16 April 1912 . During World War I she served as a troop transport ship for Canada . On 21 August 1917 she was damaged by the German submarine " U - 102 " . In 1920 , she was sold to the Swedish American Line and renamed SS " Drottningholm " , serving Sweden until 1948 . From 1948 – 1955 she sailed for the Home Lines of Italy , first as SS " Brasil " and from 1951 as SS " Homeland " .