naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Angus Buchanan ( VC ) Angus Buchanan , ( 11 August 1894 – 1 March 1944 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Buchanan was the son of a doctor from Coleford , Gloucestershire . He was educated at Monmouth School , where he was head boy . In 1913 he went to Jesus College , Oxford to study Classics . One of his tutors described him as " Thoroughly Scotch and rather reserved , but a hard worker & likely to be a good influence in the Coll [ ege ] " . He rowed for the College in 1914 , played rugby and was Secretary of the Athletics Club . He then joined the army , where he served in Gallipoli and Mesopotamia . He was awarded the Military Cross in 1916 , and was mentioned four times in despatches . Award of the Victoria Cross . Buchanan was 21 years old , and a temporary captain in the 4th Battalion , South Wales Borderers , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place on 5 April 1916 at Falauyah Lines , Mesopotamia , for which he was awarded the VC . The award was announced in a supplement to the " London Gazette " of 26 September 1916 , and read : A newsreel film shows him being invested with the Victoria Cross and the Military Cross at a ceremony on Durdham Downs , Bristol , by King George V on 8 November 1917 ( http : / / www . britishpathe . com / video / royal - visit - to - bristol - and - bath - investiture - at - dur / query / bristol ) . In July 1916 he was also awarded the Russian decoration of the Order of St . Vladimir 4th Class ( with Swords ) . Later life . Buchanan was shot in the head in 1917 by a sniper and blinded . He returned to Jesus College after the war and read law , rowing for the college in 1919 despite his blindness . After graduating in 1921 , he worked in a solicitor ' s office in Oxford before returning to Coleford to work until his death in 1944 . He returned to Monmouth School in 1921 for the ceremony marking the dedication of the school ' s war memorial . Funds were raised in Coleford to mark his bravery , which he asked to be used to give children somewhere to play . He is buried in Coleford Cemetery , next to the recreation field named in his honour . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the South Wales Borderers Museum in Brecon .
Herzberg Castle Herzberg Castle ( ) is a German " Schloss " in Herzberg am Harz in the district of Osterode am Harz in the state of Lower Saxony . The present - day four - winged building has its origins in the 11th century as a medieval " castle " . After a fire in 1510 it was rebuilt as a " Schloss " and is one of the few in Lower Saxony that was constructed as a timber - framed building . Because it belonged to the House of Welf for 700 years it is also known as the Welf Castle of Herzberg ( " Welfenschloss Herzberg " ) . Geography . Herzberg Castle stands on a wooded eminence ( ) immediately above and west of the centre of the town of Herzberg am Harz , which lies on the southwestern edge of the Harz Mountains . A stretch of the River Sieber runs past the castle to the north . Architecture . The present castle is an enclosed four - winged building with a rectangular courtyard ( 40 x 58 m ) and was rebuilt after a serious fire in November 1510 . Since the new castle was completed in 1528 completed its basements have been made of sandstone . One wing has an upper storey of stone , while the upper floors of the other three wings have been constructed using timber - framing . Its access through a gate tower and adjoining barbican has been retained . The old castle and the inner courtyard of the new one are entered after passing through the two - story gatehouse . The castle tower , known as the Clock Tower ( " Uhrturm " ) due to its clock , was built in the eastern corner . Its three upper storeys are made of timber .
23rd Infantry Division ( Ottoman Empire ) The 23rd Division was a formation of the VIII Corps of the Ottoman Army based in Homs . It had been intended that its manpower would be raised from locally recruited Syrians and Arabs , but instead the majority were Kurds and Turks . The division was composed of two infantry regiments the 68th and 69th .
HMS Resource ( F79 ) HMS " Resource " was fleet repair ship of the Royal Navy . She was built by Vickers - Armstrongs and launched in 1928 . The ship served in two theatres during the Second World War . " Resource " was fitted with four three - drum Admiralty boilers , giving her a top speed of . She was armed with four 4 " guns . Her complement varied throughout her career , from a peacetime complement of 581 , rising in wartime . She displaced 12 , 300 tons . She served in the Mediterranean from 1939 until 1944 , except in early 1940 when she spent a small amount of time at Freetown . She served in the Eastern Fleet from 1944 , and was scrapped at Inverkeithing in February 1954 .
Forrester Rose Vice Admiral Sir ( Frank ) Forrester Rose KCB DSO ( 1878 – 3 March 1955 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , East Indies Station . Naval career . Rose served in World War I initially as Commander of HMS " Laurel " taking part in the Battle of Heligoland Bight in August 1914 . Promoted to Rear Admiral in 1929 , he was appointed Rear Admiral commanding the Destroyer Flotillas in the Mediterranean Fleet in 1931 and then became Commander - in - Chief , East Indies Station in 1934 before being replaced due to illness in 1936 . Family . He initially married Freda Edith Gordon ; they had one son . In 1923 he married Dorothy Maud Kay .
USS McCawley ( DD - 276 ) The first USS " McCawley " ( DD - 276 ) was a " Clemson " - class destroyer in the United States Navy following World War I . She was named for Colonel Charles McCawley . " McCawley " was laid down 5 November 1918 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , Quincy , Massachusetts ; launched 14 June 1919 ; sponsored by Miss Eleanor Laurie McCawley , granddaughter of Colonel McCawley ; and commissioned 22 September 1919 , Lieutenant ( junior grade ) H . E . Haynes , in command . Following an east coast fitting out and shakedown period , " McCawley " sailed for San Diego , California where she joined Destroyer Squadron 2 , later DesRon 4 , Pacific Fleet . She participated in local exercises off the west coast until she decommissioned at San Diego 7 June 1922 . On 27 September 1923 , " McCawley " recommissioned and was again assigned to the Pacific Fleet . For the next 6 years she operated there , taking part in various fleet problems in addition to local and squadron training exercises . With two exceptions , during 1924 and 1927 when she steamed to the Caribbean for fleet problems , she spent the entire period in operations along the west coast , from San Diego to Puget Sound , and in Hawaiian waters . " McCawley " , designated for deactivation under the terms of the London Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armament , decommissioned at San Diego 1 April 1930 . Her name was struck from the Navy list , 13 August 1930 , and her hulk was scrapped and sold at auction 2 September 1931 .
Gocol Gocol was a flying column created by the British Army shortly after the Anglo – Iraqi War had ended . Creation and composition . " Gocol " was a truck - borne flying column created in early June 1941 specifically to pursue and capture Dr . Fritz Grobba , the German Ambassador to the Kingdom of Iraq . Grobba was on the run after the collapse of the pro - German Rashid Ali government and was attempting to flee Iraq and get to Nazi occupied Europe . In addition to " Gocol " , two other columns were created in early July . " Mercol " , commanded by Major E . J . H . Merry , with the task of rounding up irregular troops under Fawzi al - Qawuqji and " Harcol " , under Major R . J . Hardy , with the task of securing Kirkuk . " Gocol " was named for its commander , Major R . E . S . Gooch . The column comprised B Squadron of the Household Cavalry Regiment , six Royal Air Force armoured cars , two 3 . 7 inch howitzers , and Royal Army Service Corps ( RASC ) transport . Operations . On 3 June 1941 , traveling from Habbaniya by road , " Gocol " reached Mosul but Dr . Grobba was no longer there . On the same day , two companies of the 2nd Battalion of the 4th Prince of Wales ' s Own Gurkha Rifles arrived by air from Habbaniya . A detachment of the RAF arrived with the Gurkhas . The remainder of the 2nd Battalion reached Mosul by air next day . In addition to " Gocol " and the air lifted forces , the 1st Battalion of the King ' s Own Royal Regiment ( Lancaster ) left Baghdad on 2 June and arrived in Mosul by road on 3 June . " Gocol " then drove west from Mosul and illegally entered Vichy French territory just prior to the commencement of the Syria – Lebanon Campaign . That campaign was not to start until the early hours of 8 June . During the week following 7 June , " Gocol " made every effort to capture Grobba . The column entered Al - Qamishli in Syria fully expecting to capture Grobba there . But they were disappointed to find that Grobba had already been there and had already gone . In the end , " Gocol " failed in its mission and Grobba successfully escaped .
46th Indian Infantry Brigade The 46th Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II . The brigade was formed in June 1941 , at Ahmednagar in India and assigned to the 17th Indian Infantry Division . In February 1942 , during the Japanese conquest of Burma the Brigade suffered heavy casualties during the retreat to the Sittang River and was dispersed into small groups after the Battle of Sittang Bridge . The Brigade was never reformed and officially disbanded 25 February 1942 . Formation . Also attached In February 1942
Douglas Warren Douglas ( Duke ) Warren , ( May 28 , 1922 – August 27 , 2011 ) was a Canadian air force pilot and commander . He shared the nickname " Duke " with his identical twin brother , Bruce ( Duke ) Warren , who died in 1951 . Douglas was known for participating as a pilot in the Dieppe Raid in World War II , and won the Distinguished Flying Cross in 1945 . Doug ' s memoirs , titled " Gemini Flight " chronicled his and his brother ' s flying experiences . Biography and early flying career . Douglas and his identical twin , Bruce , were born in Nanton , Alberta on May 28 , 1922 . Both were called by the nickname , " Duke " . In 1940 they joined the Royal Canadian Air Force and went overseas in 1942 . They both flew two tours of operations in Britain during World War II with Royal Air Force spitfire squadrons . In 1945 they both were awarded Distinguished Flying Cross by King George VI at Buckingham Palace . In 1942 , Duke flew during the Dieppe Raid , the biggest single day air - operation of the war . He is credited with 1 / 2 a kill on his three Dieppe sorties , a Dornier 217 . Of it he said , " I remember watching the crew bail out . " . On their return to Canada , Douglas became a Flight Commander with 421 Squadron flying DH Vampire jet aircraft at Chatham , New Brunswick . On April 5 , 1951 , his brother Bruce was killed as a test pilot at AV Roe aircraft company in Toronto flying the prototype CF100 . Post - World War II flying career . Douglas became Commanding Officer of 410 F86 Sabre Squadron at RAF North Luffenham , England in 1952 . During that time he flew with the United States Air Force during the war in Korea . In 1956 he became Chief Flying Instructor at Chatham , NB . In 1957 , he was given a three year assignment as Chief Flying Instructor with the German Luftwaffe in Oldenburg . In 1961 he joined the Flight Safety Directorate at RCAF headquarters in Ottawa . He became Commanding Officer in 1965 to RCAF Station Baldy Hughes near Prince George , BC for two years . This was followed by three years at NORAD headquarters in Colorado Springs . In 1970 he accepted a final posting to CFB Comox as Operations Officer and retired in 1973 .
Isadore Nordstrom Isadore A . Nordstrom ( May 24 , 1876 – March 6 , 1930 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration , the Medal of Honor . Biography . Born in Gothenburg , Sweden , on May 24 , 1876 , Nordstrom immigrated to the United States and enlisted in the Navy from the state of New York . By April 13 , 1906 , he was serving as a chief boatswain ' s mate on the . On that day , while the " Kearsarge " was conducting target practice , powder charges were accidentally ignited in the ship ' s forward turret , and Nordstrom helped carry out wounded sailors . For these actions , he was awarded the Medal of Honor eighteen years later , on December 4 , 1924 . His first name was spelled " Isidor " on the citation . Nordstrom ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For gallant conduct upon the occasion of the disastrous fire of accidentally ignited powder charges , which occurred in the forward turret of the U . S . S . " Kearsage " during target practice on 13 April 1906 . Chief Boatswain Nordstrom , then chief boatswain ' s mate , was among the first to enter the turret in order to assist in bringing out the injured . On February 3 , 1908 , Nordstrom was appointed to the warrant officer rank of boatswain , after over ten years as an enlisted man . He transferred to the in late 1912 before being promoted to chief boatswain in early 1914 . Shortly after the United States ' entry into World War I in 1917 , he was given a temporary commission as an ensign . He received a promotion to lieutenant before reverting to his permanent rank of chief boatswain after the end of the war , on October 28 , 1919 . At about the same time , he was assigned to Naval Station Newport in Rhode Island . Nordstrom died at age 53 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County , Virginia . He is interred with his wife , Kathryn Veronica Nordstrom ( 1891 – 1961 ) .
John B . McKay John B . McKay ( December 8 , 1922 – April 27 , 1975 ) was one of the first pilots assigned to the X - 15 flight research program at NASA ' s Flight Research Center , Edwards Air Force Base , California . As a civilian research pilot and aeronautical engineer , he made 30 flights in X - 15 s from October 28 , 1960 , until September 8 , 1966 . His peak altitude was 295 , 600 feet ( 55 . 98 miles ) , and his highest speed was 3 , 863 mph ( Mach 5 . 64 ) . Born on December 8 , 1922 , in Portsmouth , Virginia , during World War II he served as a U . S . Navy pilot in the Pacific Theater , earning the Air Medal with two clusters , and a Presidential Unit Citation . He graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1950 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering McKay worked for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics ( NACA ) and its successor , NASA , from February 8 , 1951 until October 5 , 1971 , and specialized in high - speed flight research programs . He began as an NACA intern , but assumed pilot status on July 11 , 1952 . In addition to the X - 15 , he flew such experimental aircraft as the D - 558 - 1 , D - 558 - 2 , X - lB , and the X - lE . He has also served as a research pilot on flight programs involving the F - 100 , F - 102 , F - 104 , and the F - 107 . In 1958 , McKay was selected for and would have participated in the U . S . Air Force ' s Man In Space Soonest program , had it come to fruition . McKay wrote several technical papers , and was a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics , as well as the Society of Experimental Test Pilots . John B . McKay died on April 27 , 1975 in Lancaster , California . In 1996 , he was inducted into the Aerospace Walk of Honor , and in 2005 he was posthumously awarded astronaut ' s wings .
Douglas O ' Connor Douglas O ' Connor ( born 1931 ) is a retired U . S . Army general officer who was graduated from West Point in 1954 after having transferred there from St . Peter ’ s College of New Jersey in 1950 . He served with the 82nd Airborne Division , then left the service to work as an engineer for General Instrument . He was recalled to duty as a brigadier general in 1978 and later promoted . He is twice widowed ; his first wives were both named Mary Alice . In 2007 he married widow Jeanne Louise Conway ( née O ’ Brien ) , a graduate of Manhattanville College .
Directorate of Underground Resistance Directorate of Underground Resistance ( , short KWP ) was one of the agendas of the Polish Underground State created during World War II . It was created in 1943 from the Directorate of Civil Resistance and Directorate of Covert Resistance . It carried over the tasks previously reserved for both directorates . KWP was commanded collectively by the commander of the Armia Krajowa , its chief of staff , commander of the KeDyw , chief of Bureau of Information and Propaganda and a representative of the Government Delegate ’ s Office at Home .
360th Bombardment Squadron The 360th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last was assigned to the 303d Bombardment Wing , stationed at Davis - Monthan Air Force Base , Arizona . It was inactivated on 15 June 1964 . History . Established in mid - 1942 as a B - 17 Flying Fortress heavy bomb group ; trained under Second Air Force in Idaho . Deployed to Southern California flying antisubmarine patrols over the Pacific coast . Completed training in southwest June – August 1942 ; deploying to European Theater of Operations ( ETO ) as one of the initial heavy bomber squadrons assigned to VIII Bomber Command in England , September 1942 . Engaged in long - ranger strategic bombardment operations over Occupied Europe and Nazi Germany , September 1942 - May 1945 . The 427th was one of the most highly decorated squadrons in the Eighth Air Force , attacking enemy military and industrial targets as part of the United States ' air offensive against Nazi Germany . After the German Capitulation in May 1945 was reassigned to Air Transport Command . Reassigned to Casablanca , French Morocco , the squadron used its B - 17 bombers as transports , ferrying military personnel from locations in France to Morocco , then south to Dakar in French West Africa or to the Azores for further transportation by other units . Inactivated in place in Morocco in late July 1945 . Activated in the postwar Strategic Air Command in 1947 at Andrews Field , Maryland with B - 29 Superfortress bombers . Inactivated in 1949 due to budget restrictions . Reactivated in 1951 as a B - 47 Stratojet medium bomber squadron ; aircraft not received until April 1953 when squadron received first production block of B - 47Es . Conducted routine deployments and training during the 1950s and early 1960s . Inactivated in 1964 with the phaseout of the B - 47 .
Kalagong massacre On 7 July 1945 , the Kalagong Massacre was committed against inhabitants of Kalagong , Burma , by members of the 3rd Battalion , 215th Regiment and the OC Moulmein Kempeitai of the Imperial Japanese Army . These units had been ordered by Major General Seiei Yamamoto , chief of staff of the 33rd Army , to sweep the area for guerrillas reportedly teamed with British paratroops . The Japanese occupied the village and rounded up all the inhabitants for questioning . Women and children were raped and beaten but no information was forthcoming . The Kempeitai therefore ordered the entire village massacred . The inhabitants were taken in groups of five to ten persons to nearby wells , blindfolded , and bayoneted , and their bodies were dumped in the wells . An estimated 600 villagers died in the massacre .
Battle of Blar Na Pairce The Battle of Blar na Pairce ( " Battle of the Park " ) was a Scottish clan battle that took place just outside Strathpeffer some time between 1485 and 1491 . It was fought between men of the Clan Donald or MacDonald and the Clan Mackenzie ( led by Kenneth Mackenzie ) . The chief of Clan Donald , Lord of the Isles , had resigned the title of Earl of Ross to the king in 1477 . After this the province of Ross was constantly invaded by the MacDonald islanders . As a result a battle was fought between the Clan Donald islanders , led by Gillespick MacDonald against the Clan MacKenzie . The MacDonald islanders were defeated with many men being drowned in the River Conon .
USS Cowslip ( 1863 ) USS " Cowslip " ( 1863 ) was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was used as a gunboat by the Union Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries . She was also used in other operational roles , such as an ammunition ship , a dispatch boat , and a rescue and salvage vessel . Built in New York in 1863 . " Cowslip " , a side wheel steamer , was built in 1863 at Newburgh , New York , as " Meteor " ; purchased 21 December 1863 from James How and C . W . Copeland ; outfitted at New York Navy Yard ; and commissioned 27 January 1864 , Acting Ensign R . Canfield in command . Civil War operations . Assigned to the West Gulf Blockade . Assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron , " Cowslip " departed New York City 2 February 1864 and arrived at New Orleans , Louisiana , 26 February . Constantly active , she carried officers and men and delivered mail , stores , guns , and ammunition for her squadron and provisions for refugees . She was used as a tow and convoy steamer , performed rescue and salvage work , and served as a picket and patrol vessel . Combat action during blockade duty . Her actions against the Confederates included the capture of a sailboat with five men on board off Pascagoula , Mississippi , 15 April 1864 ; the sloop " Last Push " , 29 May ; and a raid up Biloxi Bay , Mississippi , on which she captured five sloops and a small steamer , and destroyed six large boats , three flat boats , and four salt works . During July and August 1864 she operated off Mobile , Alabama , participating in the preparations for the Battle of Mobile Bay 5 August and in Admiral David G . Farragut ' s brilliant action on that day which culminated in victory for the Union Navy . " Cowslip " active in at - sea rescue work . " Cowslip " was also active in rescue work . She saved the crew of 8 December 1864 after their ship had been blown up by a torpedo ( mine ) at Edgemont Key , Florida , and salvaged USS " Narcissus ’ " guns and ammunition . " Cowslip " rescued six wounded survivors from , after " Sciota was torpedoed 14 April 1865 . Rescuing three ships when Marshall ’ s warehouse exploded . " Cowslip " rendered efficient and valuable assistance by towing three ships out of the danger zone when Marshall ' s warehouse in Mobile , Alabama , was wrecked by an explosion 25 May 1865 . Post - war decommissioning and sale . Her service complete , " Cowslip " was sold 28 August 1866 at Pensacola , Florida .
UNIVAC 1102 The UNIVAC 1102 or ERA 1102 was designed by Engineering Research Associates for the United States Air Force ' s Arnold Engineering Development Center in Tullahoma , Tennessee in response to a request for proposal issued in 1950 . The Air Force needed three computers to do data reduction for two wind tunnels and an engine test facility . The 1102 was a variant of the UNIVAC 1101 , using its 24 - bit word and a smaller ( only 8 , 192 words ) drum memory . The machine had 2 , 700 vacuum tube s , weighed , and occupied of floor area . The computers were connected to data channels coming from the wind tunnels and the engine facility . There were five typewriter s for printed output , five paper tape punches , and four pen plotter s to produce graphs . The three computers and related peripherals were delivered between July 1954 and March 1956 at a total price of $ 1 , 400 , 000 . Software for the computers was developed entirely at the Arnold Engineering Development center . All programming was done in machine code ( assemblers and compiler s were never developed ) .