naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Charles Linn Charles Linn born Carl Erik Engelbert Sjödahl ( June 13 , 1814 - August 7 , 1882 ) was a sailor , wholesaler , banker and industrialist . He was one of the founders of Birmingham , Alabama . Background . Carl Erik Engelbert Sjödahl was born in Pohja ( Swedish : " Pojo " ) in the Uusimaa region of Finland . Pojo was then subject to the crown of Sweden . His family were Swedish - speaking Finns . Linn was the son of the manager of an ironworks owned by the ancient company of Billnäs Bruk . He was attending the Royal Academy of Turku when the city burned in the Great Fire of Turku . He joined a sailing crew and became an accomplished seafarer , crossing the Atlantic Ocean 53 times and circumnavigating the globe thrice before immigrating to the United States . He settled in Montgomery , Alabama in 1838 and opened a mercantile store . Career . Linn prospered in Montgomery and added a farming spread to his holdings . He sold his business at the start of the American Civil War and returned to the seas as a Captain in the Confederate States Navy , charged with running ships laden with Southern cotton to Liverpool to raise war funds . His ship , the " CSS Kate Dale " was captured on July 14 , 1863 by the " USS R . R . Cuyler " off the Florida Keys . Linn and his son were captured , and taken to Washington D . C . where they were quickly pardoned . Linn resumed the mercantile business with a wholesale grocery warehouse in New Orleans , Louisiana , importing dozens of his countrymen from Finland to work in his company . Linn sold off his New Orleans business and retired to Montgomery , where a group of businessmen which included James R . Powell interested him in the idea of opening a bank in the newly founded City of Birmingham . He agreed and launched the National Bank of Birmingham ( now Regions Financial ) in 1872 with $ 50 , 000 in gold . Later that year , Linn erected the monumental 3 - story National Bank of Birmingham building on the corner of 1st Avenue North and 20th Street at a time when the city ' s future was doubtful . The building became known as " Linn ' s Folly " , and it was there that Linn hosted the legendary New Year ' s Eve " Calico Ball " that signaled the city ' s emergence from a cholera epidemic . Linn extended his investments from banking to industry , organizing two of the city ' s first such ventures , the Linn Iron Works and the Birmingham Car and Foundry Company with skilled workers brought in from Cleveland and Cincinnati , Ohio . Linn purchased some of his equipment from the Confederate Iron Works in Selma , Alabama . Linn died in Birmingham , Alabama . He is entombed in Birmingham ' s Oak Hill Cemetery . Legacy . Birmingham ' s most prominent park , formerly named for Woodrow Wilson , was renamed " Linn Park " in the 1980s . The Linn - Henley Research Library is also named in honor of Linn and his descendants . In 2005 Linn was inducted into the Birmingham Business Hall of Fame .
M61 gas mask The M - 61 is a Finnish gas mask manufactured by Nokia since the 1960s up to the 1980s . It was the standard issue gas mask for the Finnish Defense Forces , but was replaced by the updated M - 95 in the 1990s . It is a side loading mask ( meaning the filter attaches to the side ) It uses 60 millimeter threads , but adapters are available to convert it to 40 millimeter threads . These masks are quite common on the surplus market , most filters ( marked SUOD 61 , " suodatin " is Finnish for filter ) on the market have been checked by the Technical Depot of the Finnish Defence Forces in the 1970s - 1980s . The weight in grams of the filter is written on the label as before the Gulf War it was thought that a properly stored filter would still be serviceable , providing the weight of the filter had not changed ( which would indicate that the activated carbon had changed , taken up moisture etc . ) . The filters were manufactured by Kemira in Vaasa ( now part of Scott Health & Safety , in turn part of Tyco International ) . Models . There have been three slightly different models of M - 61s . M - 61 ( Version 1 ) . Identical to the United States M9 gas mask , except for the changed exhalation valve , this licensed copy was the first of the series to be introduced . M - 61 ( Version 2 ) . Minor changes to the exhalation valve . M - 61 ( Version 3 ) . Hard plastic , integrated exhalation valve and speech diaphragm . This model has been incorrectly described as a squad leader or NCO model , whereas it is simply the final version and would have been issued to all troops , stocks permitting , in case of mobilization .
Battle of Phaleron The Battle of Phaleron took place on April 24 ( 6 May Gregorian ) , 1827 . The Greek rebel forces were being besieged inside the Acropolis of Athens by Ottoman forces under the command of Mehmed Reshid Pasha . Greek forces outside the city were desperately trying to break the siege . Battle . The Scottish Admiral Lord Cochrane and Irish General Richard Church were nominally commanding the Greeks . 3 , 000 men were ordered to advance across the plain . Their plan was to send 7 , 000 more men who were at Piraeus to attack the Turks from the flanks . As the Greeks advanced from Phaleron , Reshid sent some cavalry to attack the Greeks . He expected the main assault to come from Piraeus . The troops from Piraeus did not arrive and the rest of the Greeks were attacked by the Turkish cavalry . Aftermath . The Greeks lost either 1 , 500 or 2 , 000 men , which was a devastating setback . The men in the Acropolis surrendered on 5 June and were escorted by the French army to the coast . This defeat destroyed Greek morale and the only places on mainland Greece that persevered after the battle were Mani and Nauplio . The Greeks had also lost their commander Karaiskakis from wounds suffered a few days before the battle . Later that year , the Great Powers , Imperial Russia , the restored kingdom of France , and Great Britain destroyed the Egypt ian and Ottoman fleets in the Battle of Navarino .
Greek frigate Salamis ( F - 455 ) The Greek frigate " Salamis " ( F - 455 ) ( ) is the fourth ship of the Greek " Hydra " frigate class . It is based on the Blohm + Voss " MEKO 200 " frigate class and was built by Hellenic Shipyards Co . at Skaramagas . It is the second ship of the Hellenic Navy to be named after Salamis Island and the famous Battle of Salamis , the first being the uncompleted dreadnought " Salamis " .
Battle of Diersheim ( 1797 ) The Battle of Diersheim ( 20 – 21 April 1797 ) saw a First French Republic army led by Jean Victor Marie Moreau clash with a Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Anton Count Sztáray de Nagy - Mihaly . Though both sides suffered about 3 , 000 casualties in the bitter fighting , the Austrians finally retreated with the loss of 13 artillery pieces . Austrian General Wilhelm von Immens was killed and Sztáray badly wounded . The combat at Diersheim was a waste of lives because Napoleon Bonaparte signed the Preliminaries of Leoben with Austria a few days earlier , calling for a truce . However , Moreau ' s reputation was enhanced by his hard - won victory which occurred during the War of the First Coalition , part of the French Revolutionary Wars . Diersheim is one of a number of villages that make up the municipality of Rheinau . Diersheim lies one kilometer southwest of the Rhine River and about northeast of Kehl .
John Henry Turpin John Henry " Dick " Turpin ( 20 August 1876 – 10 March 1962 ) was a sailor in the United States Navy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries . Turpin was one of the first African American Chief Petty Officer s in the U . S . Navy . He is also notable for surviving the catastrophic explosions of two U . S . Navy ships : in 1898 , and in 1905 . Career . Turpin was born on 20 August 1876 and enlisted in the U . S . Navy in New York City on 4 November 1896 . He was a Mess Attendant on when it exploded in Havana under mysterious circumstances on the night of 15 February 1898 . Turpin was in the pantry of the wardroom when the explosion occurred , and felt the ship " heave and lift " before all went dark . He worked his way aft and climbed out of the wardroom on the captain ' s ladder and up onto the deck . He dove overboard and was rescued by a motor launch . Turpin was one of 90 out of the 350 officers and men aboard " Maine " that night to survive the explosion . According to an obituary that appeared in the " Los Angeles Times " , Turpin ( whose next ship assignment was not reported ) saw action in China during the 1900 Boxer Rebellion . By mid - 1905 , Turpin had been assigned to the gunboat . When that ship was raising steam for a departure from San Diego , California , on 21 July 1905 , she suffered a boiler explosion that sent men and machinery into the air and killed 66 of the 102 men aboard . Turpin reportedly saved three officers and twelve men by swimming them to shore one at a time . Eleven men were awarded the Medal of Honor for " extraordinary heroism displayed at the time of the explosion " , but Turpin was not among them . Turpin served on several other ships before leaving active duty service in 1916 . After the United States entered World War I in April 1917 , Turpin was recalled to service . On 1 June 1917 , he became a Chief Gunner ' s Mate on the cruiser , which made him among the first African American Chief Petty Officer s in the U . S . Navy . Turpin served at that rank until he was transferred to the Fleet Reserve in March 1919 . In October 1925 , Turpin retired at the rank of Chief Gunner ' s Mate . During his time in the Navy , he was the Navy boxing champion in several different weight classifications throughout is Navy career and was a boxing instructor at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis , Maryland . When he was not on active duty , Turpin was employed as a Master Rigger at the Puget Sound Navy Yard in Bremerton , Washington ; he was also qualified as a Master Diver in his civilian duties . During World War II , Turpin voluntarily toured Navy training facilities and defense plants to make " inspirational visits " . Death . Turpin died in Bremerton , Washington on 10 March 1962 . He was survived by his wife Faye Alice .
Waldemar Fegelein Waldemar Fegelein ( 9 January 1912 – 20 November 2000 ) was a SS - " Standartenführer " ( colonel ) in the Waffen - SS during World War II . He was a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Career . Waldemar Fegelein was born on 9 January 1912 , in Ansbach , the younger brother of Hermann Fegelein . His father operated a horse riding school in Munich which was forced to close due to the worldwide economic depression of the 1920s . He volunteered to join the SS - VT and during World War II was awarded the Knight ' s Cross as a SS - " Sturmbannführer " ( major ) in command of the 2nd SS Cavalry Regiment in December 1943 , which was serving on the Eastern Front . He was personally presented with the medal by Heinrich Himmler . Fegelein , like his brother , Hermann , went on to command an SS Division , the 37th SS Volunteer Cavalry Division " Lützow " . He survived the war , and after the war changed his name to Axel Fegelein . He died on 20 November 2000 .
9th Battalion , Ulster Defence Regiment The 9th ( County Antrim ) Battalion , Ulster Defence Regiment was formed in 1972 from two companies of the 1st Battalion Ulster Defence Regiment creating a second battalion in County Antrim . As part of the Options for Change in the British Army it was amalgamated with 1 UDR again in 1991 . History . The battalion was formed in 1972 from the two companies of the 1st Battalion Ulster Defence Regiment who were based in the south of the county , creating a second battalion in County Antrim . Battalion headquarters , HQ Company and one other were based at Steeple Camp , Antrim , a remnant of World War 2 beside the railway station . Two companies were based in Lisburn and one at Carrickfergus . The first commanding officer was Lieutenant Colonel " Paddy " Liddle who had previously been a part - time company commander with the 1st ( County Antrim ) Battalion . Liddle has seen wartime service with the Royal Ulster Rifles and had attended Army Staff College . He was the only UDR officer to be promoted into battalion command . The battalion was mobilised , along with the rest of the regiment , for Operation Motorman . The UDR provided 5300 soldiers in support of the regular army . After this there was a battalion mobilisation of 9 UDR to help guard the new Belfast city centre segment . This was a zone in the commercial heart of Belfast where 41 streets had been sealed off with barbed wire entanglements and steel fences to prevent explosives being brought in . No cars could be parked there and all shoppers and workers entering the few open streets being searched . Accommodation was found for them in the former Grand Central Hotel in Royal Avenue which was being used as an army base for the city centre . Uniform , armament & equipment . See : Ulster Defence Regiment Uniform , armament & equipment Casualties . Private L . Colin Houston , aged 30 , was killed at his home in Dunmurry by gunmen from the INLA on 20 January 1984 . Private Houston died in his wife ' s arms . He had only recently joined the battalion and was still undergoing training at the UDR ' s Ballykinlar Training Camp .
Bougainville counterattack The Bougainville counterattack was an unsuccessful Japanese offensive against the Allied base at Empress Augusta Bay , Bougainville Island during the Pacific War . The Japanese attack began on 8 March 1944 after months of preparations , but was repulsed by United States Army forces in fighting which lasted until the 25th of the month . The Allied defenders greatly outnumbered the Japanese force , and inflicted severe casualties on the attackers while taking relatively few losses . This battle was the final major Japanese offensive in the Solomon Islands campaign , though fighting continued on Bougainville until the end of the war in August 1945 .
Bison ( armoured personnel carrier ) The Bison is an armoured personnel carrier based on the 8x8 MOWAG Piranha II platform , and was produced by General Motors Diesel Division ( now General Dynamics Land Systems Canada ) in London , Ontario . They were purchased and intended for operation by the Canadian Forces Primary Reserve , but were rapidly appropriated by the regular force of the Canadian Army . Design . By starting with a basic Piranha II , the Bison design process took only 7 days . The Bison differs from the baseline Piranha II by raising the height of the roof , removing the turret ring , placing a commander ' s cupola behind the driver , and incorporating a rail mount system in the cargo / passenger compartment to quickly change mission specific equipment . The driver is seated in the front - left of the crew compartment . The commander has a slightly raised position directly behind the driver with access to his own hatch and mounted machine gun . The engine is to the right of the crew compartment . The Canadian Forces began upgrading the Bison between 2002 and 2008 . The upgrades include improved engine power , new torsion bars , fittings for add - on armour , air conditioning , and the VRS respirator system for NBC defence . Variants . The Bison ' s rail mount system allows it to be adapted to a variety of roles without any major modifications . Bisons used by the Canadian Forces have been adapted for use as armoured personnel carriers ( original configuration - mostly replaced in this role by the LAV III ) , 81mm mortar carriers , ambulances ( 32 ) , Mobile Repair Team ( MRT ) vehicles ( 32 ) , Armoured recovery vehicle s ( 32 ) , Electronic Warfare vehicles ( 25 ) , and NBC Reconnaissance vehicles ( 4 ) .
Oflag XIII - A Oflag XIII - A , Oflag XIII - B and Oflag XIII - D were all German World War II prisoner - of - war camp for officer s ( " Offizierlager " ) . They were all located on the old Nazi party rally grounds in Langwasser , Nuremberg , in northern Bavaria . They were adjacent to Stalag XIII - D . Camp history . Oflag XIII - A was opened in August 1940 to accommodate mainly French officers captured during the Battle of France . They were transferred to other camps , and the camp was closed on 29 October 1941 . In May 1941 Oflag XIII - B was created in a separate compound for Serbian officers captured during the Balkans Campaign . This camp was moved to Oflag XIII - B at Hammelburg in April 1943 . In June 1941 a new compound Oflag 62 was opened for high - ranking Soviet officers captured during Operation Barbarossa . It was redesignated Oflag XIII - D in September 1941 . This camp was closed April 1942 and the surviving officers ( many had died during the winter due to an epidemic ) were transferred to other camps . From December 1944 to March 1945 XIII - D was designated Oflag 73 and used to accommodate officers of various nationalities evacuated hastily from camps in the east that were threatened by the rapid advance of the Red Army . On 16 April 1945 the United States Army liberated the camp , finding only Serbian officers and those too sick to have been marched out , including some Americans that had been wounded by strafing American planes while being marched from Hammelburg .
Alexandros Sakellariou Alexandros Sakellariou ( , 1887 , Mandra – 1982 ) was a Greek admiral and politician , who led the Royal Hellenic Navy in World War II . Sakellariou entered the Hellenic Naval Academy in 1902 and graduated in 1906 . He served in the Royal Hellenic Navy in the Balkan Wars and until 1918 , when he was discharged due to his royalist convictions during the National Schism . As with many other royalist officers , he rejoined the military in the 1920s . In March 1935 , as Rear Admiral , he commanded the naval forces that were dispatched to subdue the naval units that took part in the Venizelist coup attempt . After the coup ' s suppression , he served as president of the court martial that tried the mutinous officers , and was promoted to Chief of the Fleet Command . From this post he played a key role in the bloodless coup of Georgios Kondylis on 10 October 1935 , which quickly abolished the Second Hellenic Republic and restored the monarchy . In 1937 , Sakellariou was appointed as Chief of the Hellenic Navy General Staff , and continued in this post during the Greco - Italian War . Following the suicide of Prime Minister Alexandros Koryzis on 18 April 1941 , during the German invasion of Greece , King George II named Sakellariou as Minister for Naval Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister ( with Emmanouil Tsouderos assuming office as Prime Minister on 20 April ) . In the face of the German advance and the heavy losses suffered by the surface vessels to the Luftwaffe , Sakellariou ordered the remaining ships to evacuate Greece towards British - held Egypt , where the Greek king and his government arrived later to form a government in exile , which was based in Cairo until Liberation in 1944 . Sakellariou resigned his government posts on 2 May 1942 , but remained at the head of the Greek Navy throughout the war . After Liberation , in 1946 he successfully stood for election in Parliament in the Atticoboeotia prefecture . On 29 July 1947 he was named Minister of Supply and Minister of Merchant Marine in the Konstantinos Tsaldaris cabinet . In the succeeding cabinet of Themistoklis Sofoulis , he was once again Minister for Naval Affairs ( until 18 November 1948 ) . On 1 July 1947 , in recognition of his role in leading the Greek navy during World War II , he was awarded the highest Greek decoration for valour , the Commander ' s Cross of the Cross of Valour . Finally , in the 1951 - 1952 Nikolaos Plastiras cabinet , Sakellariou was appointed as Minister for National Defence , until his resignation on 31 March 1952 . He died in 1982 .
Maurice de Berkeley Sir Maurice de Berkeley " the Resolute " ( 1218 - 4 April 1281 ) , 8th ( feudal ) Baron de Berkeley , was an English soldier and rebel , residing at Berkeley Castle in the English county of Gloucestershire . Maurice was born in 1218 to Thomas de Berkeley and Joan de Somery . He married Isabel de Croun FitzRoy , the daughter of Richard FitzRoy , Baron of Chilham ( an illegitimate son of King John of England ) and Rose de Douvres , sometime before 12 July 1247 . Berkeley fought in the French Wars and was invested as a knight before 1242 . He inherited the title of Baron de Berkeley in 1243 and , on 14 December 1243 , he had livery of his father ' s lands . He fought in the war in North Wales and in 1264 he joined the Barons against King Henry III . Berkeley died on 4 April 1281 and was buried in St Augustine ' s Abbey in Bristol .
HMAS Moreton HMAS " Moreton " was a naval base located at New Farm , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia . The naval base was opened in 1932 as HMAS " Penguin IV " and on 1 August 1940 it was renamed as HMAS " Brisbane " . The base was again renamed HMAS " Moreton " in 1942 . The base was located at the corner of Merthyr Road and Gray Street , in New Farm , Brisbane and had its own wharves , warehouse buildings and assembly areas . Post Vietnam the base was home to the Royal Australian Navy ' s amphibious forces including HMAS " Tobruk " and the " Balikpapan " class landing craft . For much of this time much of the army ' s amphibious capacity was based locally . Gallipoli Barracks based 6th Battalion , Royal Australian Regiment was Australia ' s lead amphibious assault unit whilst 35 Water Transport Squadron was based at Bulimba Barracks , Brisbane , Queensland with LCM . HMAS " Moreton " was decommissioned in 1994 and many of its services relocated to Bulimba Barracks under the authority of Naval Headquarters Southern Queensland . Naval amphibious forces are currently based at HMAS " Kuttabul " . The site of the former base has been transformed into residential apartments .