naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Aircraft losses of the Vietnam War There were aircraft losses during the Vietnam War . Hundreds of U . S . fixed - wing aircraft were lost to ground fire of antiaircraft artillery ( AAA ) , surface - to - air missile s ( SAMs ) , and fighter interceptor s ( MiG ) s . The great majority of U . S . combat losses in all areas of Southeast Asia were to AAA . The Royal Australian Air Force also flew combat and airlift missions in South Vietnam , as did the Republic of Vietnam . Among fixed - wing aircraft , more F - 4 Phantoms were lost than any other type in service with any nation . United States aircraft . United States Air Force . All told , the U . S . Air Force flew 5 . 25 million sorties over South Vietnam , North Vietnam , northern and southern Laos , and Cambodia , losing 2 , 251 aircraft : 1 , 737 to hostile action , and 514 in accidents . 110 of the losses were helicopters and the rest fixed - wing . A ratio of roughly 0 . 4 losses per 1 , 000 sorties compared favorably with a 2 . 0 rate in Korea and the 9 . 7 figure during World War II . Sources for USAF figures : United States Navy . Twenty - one aircraft carriers conducted 86 war cruises and operated 9 , 178 total days on the line in the Gulf of Tonkin . 530 aircraft were lost in combat and 329 more to operational causes . Resulting in the deaths of 377 naval aviators , with 64 airmen reported missing and 179 taken prisoner - of - war . Sources for USN carrier - based figures : United States Marine Corps . U . S . Marine Corps aircraft lost in combat included 193 fixed - wing and 270 rotary wing aircraft . USMC fixed - wing . Source for F - 4 losses is Phantom with U . S . Marine Corps ( Joe Baugher ) , others are unsourced United States Army . USA fixed - wing . More than 67 OV - 1A / B / C / D series aircraft were lost in combat , many of them in Laos and North Vietnam . In just seven months in 1966 the 20th ASTA / 131 Aviation Company ( Mohawks ) lost 6 OV - 1As , 20 OV - 1Bs and 2 OV - 1C . USA rotary - wing . 5 , 086 ( which include not in addition to the above statistics ) Republic of Vietnam aircraft . VNAF a / c details sourced from " Flying Dragon – The South Vietnamese Air Force " Robert C . Milikesh , Schiffer Military History , 2005 All from No . 35 Squadron RAAF . Both from No . 2 Squadron RAAF Royal Australian Air Force . Fixed wing . CAC CA - 27 Mk . 32 Sabre - - 2 total , 1 in combat Both from No . 79 Squadron RAAF All from No . 9 Squadron RAAF . North Vietnamese aircraft . Fixed - wing losses . Claimed by VPAF : 146 MiG aircraft lost through all causes , including 131 in air combat Claimed by US ( air to air combat only )
Jackie Rae Jackie Rae , CM DFC ( May 14 , 1922 – October 5 , 2006 ) was a Canadian singer , songwriter and television performer . He was born John Arthur Rae in Winnipeg , Manitoba in 1922 . Rae began performing at the age of three with his brother and sister on the vaudeville circuit in Canada . Rae flew Spitfire s as a member of the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II and earned the Distinguished Flying Cross . During the 1950s , he was the host of " The Jackie Rae Show " , a variety show on CBC Television . Rae later moved to London where he performed on television for the BBC , ATV and Granada Television where he compered the popular show " Spot The Tune " for 2 years ( 1959 – 60 ) with singer Marion Ryan , and was subsequently the host of the first series of " The Golden Shot " . He formed a dance band known as the Spitfire Band in 1981 which toured across Canada . In 2002 , he was awarded the Order of Canada . Songs written by Rae were hits for Eddie Arnold and Andy Williams . He collaborated with Les Reed on songs performed by Engelbert Humperdinck and Tony Bennett . Rae was married to British actress Janette Scott 1959 – 1965 . Rae died in Toronto in 2006 , aged 84 . His brother Saul was a Canadian diplomat . His nephew , Bob Rae , is a longtime politician and a former premier of the province of Ontario .
USS Execute ( AM - 232 ) USS " Execute " ( AM - 232 ) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II . She was originally ordered and laid down as USS " PCE - 905 , the lead ship of the of patrol craft . She was reclassified as an " Admirable " - class minesweeper by the time of her June 1944 launch , and named " Execute " by the time of her November 1944 commissioning . After service in the Pacific during World War II , she was decommissioned in August 1946 and placed in reserve . While she remained in reserve , " Execute " was reclassified as MSF - 232 in February 1955 but never reactivated . In 1962 , she was sold to the Mexican Navy and renamed ARM " DM - 03 . In 1994 , she was renamed ARM " General Juan N . Méndez " ( C51 ) . She was stricken in July 2001 , but her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary source s . U . S . Navy career . Originally ordered as " PCE - 905 " , the lead ship of the of patrol craft , the ship was laid down at the Puget Sound Bridge and Dredging Company of Seattle . She was reclassified as an and assigned the hull code of AM - 232 by the time of her 22 June 1944 launch by sponsor Mrs . R . J . Huff . By the time of her 15 November 1944 commissioning , under the command of Lieutenant R . E . Brenkman , USNR , she had been assigned the name " Execute " . Following shakedown cruise she departed for Pearl Harbor whence she escorted a convoy to Leyte via Eniwetok , Ulithi and Kossol Roads during February 1945 . On 26 March , as part of the preliminary assault force for the invasion of the Ryukyus , she screened landing craft against countless air attacks Early in April she served with the Sweep Unit in clearing the bays of Nakagusuku and Chimu and defended vessels against kamikaze attack . She participated in the Battle of Okinawa . During this battle she picked up 70 survivors of the after it had been hit by a Japanese plane . She remained on sweeping duty , participating in a feint landing on 20 April to draw attention from a large - scale advance on Naha . From June through 10 September she swept in the Yellow Sea and in Japanese coastal waters . In March 1946 " Execute " transited the Panama Canal and on 6 August 1946 was placed out of commission in reserve at Orange , Texas . While she remained in reserve , " Execute " was reclassified ( MSF - 232 ) on 7 February 1955 . She was stricken from the Navy List on 1 May 1962 and sold to Mexico later in the year . Mexican Navy career . The former " Execute " was acquired by the Mexican Navy in 1962 and renamed ARM " DM - 03 " . In 1994 , she was renamed ARM " General Juan N . Méndez " ( C51 ) after Juan N . Méndez . She was stricken on 16 July 2001 , but her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary source s .
744th Bombardment Squadron The 744th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 456th Bombardment Wing . It was last stationed at Beale Air Force Base , California , and was inactivated on 30 September 1975 . History . Established in mid - 1943 as a B - 24 Liberator heavy bomb squadron ; trained under Second Air Force . Deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations ( MTO ) in January 1944 , being assigned to Fifteenth Air Force in Southern Italy . Engaged in very long range strategic bombardment missions against enemy strategic targets in Italy , France , Germany , Austria , Czechoslovakia , Hungary , and the Balkans until April 1945 . Bombed aircraft factories , assembly plants , oil refineries , storage areas , marshalling yards , airdromes , and other objectives until the German Capitulation in May 1945 . Most of squadron was demobilized in Italy in May 1945 ; returning to United States with skeleton staff . Re - equipped and redesignated a B - 29 Superfortress very heavy bomb squadron , and received new personnel . Began training under Second Air Force for planned deployment to the Western Pacific Area ( WPA ) , however Japanese Capitulation in August led to inactivation of squadron in October . Reactivated in the reserve as a C - 46 Commando Troop Carrier Squadron , but neither manned or equipped . Inactivated in 1949 due to budget restrictions ; reactivated in 1952 and equipped with C - 119 Flying Boxcar s . Assigned to Tactical Air Command Eighteenth Air Force . Supported Army forces in the United States with airlift capability and support for airborne training operations . Inactivated in 1956 due to budget restrictions . Reactivated under Strategic Air Command in 1963 , replacing provisional B - 52G Stratofortess squadron at Beale AFB , California . Performed intercontinental training and deployments , also standing nuclear alert . Beginning in 1966 , squadron deployed personnel to forward bases in the Western Pacific , where they engaged in combat missions over Indochina as part of Operation Arc Light . In 1975 was inactivated and redesignated as the 34th Bombardment Squadron when SAC pulled out of Wright - Patterson AFB and redesignated the squadron due to seniority precedence when it was reassigned to Beale .
HMS Beagle ( A319 ) HMS " Beagle " was a " Bulldog " class coastal survey vessel of the Royal Navy . She was originally to have been called HMS " Barracouta " but her name was changed to HMS " Beagle " in honour of the ship which carried Charles Darwin . She was built by yacht builder Brooke Marine , to commercial , rather than military , ship standards at a cost of £53 , 000 , 000 at 2007 prices . She was launched on 7 September 1967 and commissioned the following year . She was the last Royal Navy vessel to have wooden ( over steel ) decks . She served until 7 February 2002 when she was paid off . She was sold in March that year for £750 , 000 to a yacht company in Poole for conversion . In 2002 she was refitted into a four deck luxury yacht and renamed MY " Titan " . She is able to sleep 22 guests and accommodate 20 crew .
Black Bat Squadron Overall , from 1953 to 1967 , 34th Squadron flew 838 missions , 148 Black Bat crew members went down with 15 aircraft . A few were captured after being shot down and later released in Hong Kong . The squadron ' s last operational mission was flown in May 1969 . This was the epic operation " Heavy Tea " . After the failure of the Black Cat Squadron to plant operating sensor pods near the Lop Nur Nuclear Weapons Test Base , the CIA developed a plan to deploy two battery - powered sensor pallets near the base . To deploy the pallets , a Black Bat crew was trained in the US to fly the Lockheed C - 130 Hercules . The crew of 12 , led by Col Sun Pei Zhen , took off from Takhli Royal Thai Air Force Base in an unmarked US Air Force C - 130E on 17 May . Flying for six and a half hours at low altitude in the dark , they arrived over the target and the sensor pallets were dropped by parachute near Anxi in Gansu province . After another six and a half hours of low altitude flight , they arrived back at Takhli . The sensors worked and uploaded data to a US intelligence satellite for six months , before their batteries wore out . The Chinese conducted two nuclear tests , on 22 September 1969 and 29 September 1969 , during the operating life of the sensor pallets . Another mission to the area was planned as operation " Golden Whip " , but was called off in 1970 . After the 34th Squadron stopped flying over and near Mainland China , they moved to special operations over Vietnam , until 1972 . 12 members of 34th SQ also involved in CIA ' s Project Main Street in 1971 to 1972 , involving tapping North Vietnam ' s communication link . This is not to be confused with another top - secret squadron of the ROCAF — The Black Cat Squadron . This 35th Squadron flew U - 2 high altitude reconnaissance plane provided by the CIA , losing five aircraft and three ROCAF pilots to PRC air defenses . Their flight provided valuable intelligence deep inside mainland China , specifically China ' s Atomic bomb development . The Black Cat Squadron was disbanded in 1973 , and 2 remaining U - 2R were returned to US by 1974 . Director Ting Wen - chin ( Dīng Wénjìng 丁雯靜 ) made a documentary about them entitled " The Secret Hidden in the Sky of Taiwan " ( Táiwān tiānkōng de mìmi 台灣天空的祕密 ) .
Arthur Vickers Arthur Vickers VC ( 2 February 1882 – 27 July 1944 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Vickers was 33 years old , and a private in the 2nd Battalion , The Royal Warwickshire Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 25 September 1915 at Hulloch , France , during an attack by his battalion on the first line German trenches , Private Vickers on his own initiative , went forward in front of his company under very heavy shell , rifle and machine - gun fire and cut the wires which were holding up a great part of his battalion . Although it was broad daylight at the time , he carried out this work standing up and his gallant action contributed largely to the success of the assault . Further information . He later achieved the rank of sergeant . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers Museum ( Royal Warwickshire ) , Warwick , England .
Ambala Air Force Station Ambala Air Force Station is an air base east of the urban Ambala area . It is used for military and government flights . It is also used to fly in politicians and other key people . History . This air base was first built in 1948 following the independence of India . It is also the home to the No . 5 and No . 14 Squadrons of Jaguar aircraft , No . 23 Squadron of MiG - 21bis . The Indian Air Force base at Ambala was attacked by the Pakistani Air Force in both the 1965 and 1971 wars . The Flying Instruction School , or simply known as FIS was formed here in 1948 but was resituated to Tambaram near Chennai in 1954 .
HMAS Gympie HMAS " Gympie " ( J238 / M238 ) , named for the city of Gympie , Queensland , was one of 60 " Bathurst " class corvettes constructed during World War II , and one of 36 initially manned and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) . Construction . " Gympie " was laid down by Evans Deakin & Co at Brisbane , Queensland on 27 August 1941 . She was launched on 30 January 1942 by Mrs Deakin , wife of the managing director , and commissioned into the RAN in Brisbane on 4 November 1942 . Operational history . From November 1942 to February 1944 , " Gympie " escorted convoys off Australia ' s east coast . While none of the convoys under her protection were attacked , she came to the aid of the torpedoed US ship " Peter H . Burnett " in January 1943 . Following a refit " Gympie " was deployed to New Guinean waters in February 1944 , where she was used for escort and anti - submarine patrol duties . She returned to Australia in February 1945 for a refit and was returned to New Guinea in July 1945 . Following the end of World War II , " Gympie " participated in surrender ceremonies at Dili on 24 September and Kupang on 3 October , after which she performed survey work in the area . In November , the corvette collided with the merchant vessel SS " Tullahoma " , and returned to Brisbane for minor repairs . The ship received two battle honour s for her wartime service : " Pacific 1943 - 45 " and " New Guinea 1943 - 44 " . Decommissioning and fate . " Gympie " was decommissioned into reserve in Brisbane on 23 May 1946 . In early November 1947 , she was towed to Sydney by sister ship " Lithgow " . " Gympie " was sold for scrapping on 6 January 1961 to Kinoshita ( Australia ) Pty Ltd .
USS O ' Bannon ( DD - 177 ) The first USS " O ' Bannon " ( DD - 177 ) was a " Wickes " class destroyer in the United States Navy following World War I . She was named for Presley O ' Bannon . History . " O ' Bannon " was laid down by Union Iron Works , San Francisco , California , 12 November 1918 , launched 28 February 1919 , sponsored by Mrs . Henry O ' Bannon Cooper descendant by marriage of Lt . O ' Bannon , and commissioned at San Francisco 27 August 1919 , Lt . Robert F . Gross in command . " O ' Bannon " sailed out of San Diego for exercises and training maneuvers along the coast of California and in Hawaiian waters throughout her career . In the spring of 1920 she conducted experiments with torpedoes , and then was in reserve commission from June to November , when she resumed her training schedule . She decommissioned at San Diego 27 May 1922 , was struck from the Navy List 19 May 1936 , and was sold 29 September 1936 .
Kurt Ungewitter Vizefeldwebel Kurt Ungewitter was a German test pilot for " Rumpler Flugzeugwerke " and " Albatros Flugzeugwerke " , aircraft manufacturers in 1913 . During World War I , he became a flying ace credited with seven aerial victories . He died in a postwar flying accident on 14 March 1927 . Biography . Kurt Ungewitter was born in Elberfeld on 13 November 1891 . He had an early interest in aviation ; he learned to fly in 1913 and became a test pilot for two German aircraft companies , " Albatros " and " Rumpler " until the start of the First World War . On 27 February 1914 , just before the First World War began , he qualified for pilot certificate No . 683 . His assignments and actions in the early days of the war are unknown ; however , he was still a " Gefreiter " when assigned to " Schutzstaffel 5 " ( Protection squadron 5 ) in 1917 . On 3 January 1918 , Ungewitter flew a DFW C . V that attacked a British aerial photography mission flown by Keith Park and his observer . The latter , Lieutenant John Henry Robertson , fired a burst of machine gun fire into the German two - seater , which dropped away in a sharp dive . The British air crew submitted a combat report claiming a " driven down out of control " victory . It was confirmed . Ungewitter also submitted a combat report claiming victory over Park and Robertson . It was denied . However , flying with " Vizefeldwebel " Meinke as the aerial observer manning the guns in the rear seat , Ungewitter and Meinke scored two confirmed aerial victories in early 1918 , on 9 January and 18 February . Ungewitter was awarded both the Second Class and First Class Iron Cross . He was subsequently promoted , first to " Unteroffizier " , then to " Vizefeldwebel " . Though there is no mention of Ungewitter receiving the usual advanced training at " Jastaschule " ( Fighter School ) , on 6 June 1918 he left " Flug Park 18 " ( Flight Park 18 ) on a posting to a fighter squadron , " Jagdstaffel 24 " . At 1940 hours on 27 June , he scored his first single - seater victory when he destroyed an observation balloon over Saint Just . Ungewitter would not score again until 23 September 1918 , when he downed a Bristol F . 2b Fighter at 1725 hours over Levergies . He would destroy a Royal Aircraft Factory SE . 5 on morning sortie s on both 3 and 8 October . A final victory over Sopwith Dolphin number C8165 from No . 87 Squadron RAF on 4 November 1918 , just one week before the war ended , brought his total to seven victories . Kurt Ungewitter was killed in a flying accident on 14 March 1927 . ISBN 1846032016 , 9781846032011 .
William Spottiswoode Trevor Major General William Spottiswoode Trevor VC ( 9 October 1831 – 2 November 1907 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Educated at Addiscombe , Trevor was 33 years old , and a major in the Bengal Engineers , Bengal Army during the Bhutan War when the following deed took place on 30 April 1865 at Dewan - Giri , Bhutan for which he was awarded the VC in a joint citation with Lieutenant James Dundas : He later achieved the rank of Colonel , and retired in February 1887 with the honorary rank of Major - General . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Engineers Museum .
B . J . Penn ( United States Navy ) B . J . Penn was the Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( Installation and Environment ) in the United States Department of the Navy from 2005 to 2009 . He briefly served as acting United States Secretary of the Navy from March 13 , 2009 to May 19 , 2009 . Biography . B . J . Penn is a native of Peru , Indiana and was educated at Purdue University ( B . S . ) and George Washington University ( Master ) . He would later also acquire a certificate in Aerospace Safety from the University of Southern California and a certificate in National Security for Senior Officials from the John F . Kennedy School of Government . He is also an Eagle Scout within the Boy Scouts of America . Penn began his career in the United States Navy as a United States Naval Aviator , ultimately amassing 6500 hours of flight time in sixteen different aircraft . He was named the Navy ' s EA - 6B Prowler pilot of the year in 1972 . He went on to serve as the Executive Officer / Commanding Officer of VAQ 33 within the Fleet Electronic Warfare Support Group ; as Battalion Officer at the United States Naval Academy ( including serving as Officer - in - Charge of the Plebe Detail for the class of 1983 ) ; as Air Officer on the USS " America " ( CV - 66 ) ; as special assistant to the Chief of Naval Operations ; as Commanding Officer of Naval Air Station North Island ; and as Deputy Director of the Navy Office of Technology Transfer & Security Assistance . Penn left the Navy for the private sector in 1995 , joining Loral Corporation as Director of International Business ; his work at Loral focused on airborne Electronic Warfare and Defensive Electronic Counter Measure Systems . In 1996 , Loral sold its defense electronics and system integration businesses to Lockheed Martin and Penn was assigned to Lockheed Martin ' s Corporate Staff responsible for developing markets in Central and Eastern Europe . In 1998 , he transferred to the Lockheed Martin ' s Naval Electronics and Surveillance Systems working Advanced Programs ; there he focused on Interoperability CONOPS for the Joint Strike Fighter Program , on upgrading the technology used in the F - 16 Fighting Falcon , on efforts to develop Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Autonomous Undersea Vehicles , and on C4ISR initiatives . Penn returned to the U . S . Navy in October 2001 as Director of Industrial Base Assessments . In this capacity , he was responsible for the Navy ' s industrial base , i . e . for ensuring that defense contractors had sufficient capacity and capabilities to meet the Navy ' s ongoing needs for national defense . President of the United States George W . Bush named Penn Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( Installation and Environment ) , and Penn assumed this post on March 1 , 2005 . Under President Barack Obama , he briefly served as acting United States Secretary of the Navy from March 13 , 2009 to May 19 , 2009 .
5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry The 5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It spent its entire term of service in the western United States , attached to the Department of the Pacific and Department of New Mexico .
Jeanne des Armoises Jeanne des Armoises ( also Claude des Armoises ; ) was a French adventurer living in the 15th century . She was reportedly a soldier in the Pope ' s army in Italy . She married the knight Robert des Armoises . With the help of Joan of Arc ' s brothers , Jean and Pierre , she claimed to be Joan of Arc alive and well in 1436 . The deception ended in Paris in 1440 , when she made a full confession to Charles VII . She retired to his castle at Jaulny and had children , whose descendants survive today . She spent three weeks in Marieulles with a noble family of Metz . Then – as befitted the “ Pucelle de France ” – she went on a pilgrimage to the shrine of the “ Black Madonna ” in Liesse . From there she went with the two brothers du Lys ( the brothers of Joan of Arc ) to Arlon , to the court of the Princess Elizabeth of Luxembourg ( 1390 - 1451 ) . The Duchess Elisabeth von Görlitz , as she was alternatively known , had been since 1409 the wife of Prince Anton of Burgundy , who fell in the Battle of Agincourt in 1415 .