naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
No . 249 Squadron RAF No . 249 ( Gold Coast ) Squadron RAF was a Royal Air Force squadron , active in the sea - patrol , fighter and bomber roles during its existence . History . First formation . No . 249 Squadron was formed for the first time on 18 August 1918 from Nos . 400 , 401 , 419 and 450 flights at Dundee Equipped with a variety of seaplanes the squadron flew coastal patrol and anti - submarine duties as part of No . 78 Wing RAF . It remained at Dundee until April 1919 when it moved to RNAS Killingholme , without its aircraft . The squadron disbanded not long after on 8 October 1919 . During World War II . On 16 May 1940 , 249 squadron reformed as a fighter squadron at RAF Church Fenton . Equipped with Hurricanes , the unit fought in the Battle of Britain . The only Victoria Cross awarded to an RAF Fighter Command pilot during the Battle of Britain , was won by James Brindley Nicolson whilst serving with 249 squadron . Offensive missions over France began in December 1940 but in May 1941 , No . 249 was transferred to Malta by aircraft carrier . There it formed part of the fighter defences , converting to Spitfires in February 1942 . Fighter bomber missions over Sicily began in November 1942 and October 1943 the squadron moved to Italy . Sweeps were carried out over Albania and Yugoslavia and in September 1944 , No . 249 converted to Mustangs . In April 1945 , it moved to Northern Yugoslavia for a month and after a short period in northern Italy the squadron disbanded on 16 August 1945 . On 23 October 1945 , No . 500 Squadron at Eastleigh , Kenya was renumbered 249 Squadron and flew Baltimores for a short time before re - equipping with Mosquitoes in February 1946 . After taking part in survey flights , No . 249 moved to Iraq in June 1946 and became a Tempest fighter squadron . Into the jet age . The squadron was stationed at RAF Deversoir in the Egyptian Canal Zone in 1952 , flying Vampires . Vampires were received in 1950 and after a period in Egypt the squadron moved to Jordan and converted to Venoms . In August 1956 , it moved to Cyprus and in July 1957 to Kenya where it disbanded on 15 October 1957 . It reformed at Akrotiri on the same day and after twelve years in the area No . 249 disbanded on 24 February 1969 Present . In the year 2000 the Squadron gave its number to an Air Cadet Squadron based in Hailsham , England . This was because 249 Squadron lost a man over the town during the Battle of Britain . The Air Cadets Squadron is also an affiliated member of 249 Squadron Association .
USS Fanning ( FF - 1076 ) USS " Fanning " ( FF - 1076 ) , a " Knox " - class frigate , is the 3rd ship of the United States Navy to be named for Nathaniel Fanning . The ship was originally designated DE - 1076 . Constructed by Todd Shipyards , Los Angeles Division , San Pedro , California , laid down 7 December 1968 , launched 24 January 1970 and delivered 16 July 1971 . She was commissioned 23 July 1971 , decommissioned 31 July 1993 and was struck 11 January 1995 . She was transferred to Turkey on her decommissioning and renamed " Adatepe " ( F - 251 ) . Decommissioned by Turkey in 2001 .
484th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron The 484th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with 473d Fighter Group , stationed at K . I . Sawyer Air Force Base , Michigan . It was inactivated on 16 February 1959 . History . Operated as replacement unit , October 1943 – April 1944 . Activated but never equipped or manned , 1956 – 1959
Near East Command Near East Command was a Command of the British Armed Forces . History . In 1959 Middle East Command was divided into two commands split by the Suez canal . The two parts were " British Forces Arabian Peninsular " , which was based at Aden , and the rump of " Middle East Command " which was based in Cyprus and which on 1 March 1961 was renamed Near East Command . It was formed as an interservice command with HQ at Episkopi , Cyprus , from Mediterranean elements of Middle East Command , while most of the latter ' s assets moved with HQ to Aden . The RAF element was named Air Forces Near East , and the army element was Near East Land Forces . Near East Land Forces comprised Cyprus District , British Troops Malta , Libya and Tripolitania Area , and Cyrenaica Area Near East Command itself was disbanded in 1962 , but NELF remained , with its headquarters in Cyprus . In August 1965 NELF was reorganised into districts : Cyprus District , Malta District , Libya and Tripolitania District and Cyrenaica District . In 1969 the Libyan districts were disbanded as British and American forces left Libya . Later the Malta District disbanded , and after that NELF disbanded , leaving British Forces Cyprus as an independent command . Commanders - in - Chief . Commanders - in - Chief included :
Walnut Ridge Air Force Station Walnut Ridge Air Force Station ( ADC ID : SM - 143 ) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station . It is located north - northeast of Walnut Ridge , Arkansas . It was closed in 1963 . History . Walnut Ridge Air Force Station was initially part of Phase II of the Air Defense Command Mobile Radar program . The Air Force approved this expansion of the Mobile Radar program on October 23 , 1952 . Radars in this network were designated “ SM . ” The United States Air Force Air Defense Command established a Mobile Radar site at Walnut Ridge Regional Airport in 1956 , designating it Walnut Ridge Air Force Station , and designating it as SM - 143 . The 725th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron was assigned to Walnut Ridge AFS from Tinker AFB , OK on 1 July and began operating an AN / MPS - 11 radar set at the station . Initially the station functioned as a Ground - Control Intercept ( GCI ) and warning station . As a GCI station , the squadron ' s role was to guide interceptor aircraft toward unidentified intruders picked up on the unit ' s radar scopes . In 1958 an AN / FPS - 6 replaced the AN / FPS - 4 height - finder radar that had been installed a year earlier , and a second AN / FPS - 6 was added subsequently . During 1962 Walnut Ridge AFS joined the Semi Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE ) system , feeding data to DC - 07 at Truax Field , Wisconsin . After joining , the squadron was re - designated as the 725th Radar Squadron ( SAGE ) on 1 May 1962 . The radar squadron provided information 24 / 7 the SAGE Direction Center where it was analyzed to determine range , direction altitude speed and whether or not aircraft were friendly or hostile . In March 1963 the Air Force ordered this site to close . Operations ceased on 1 August 1963 and the 725th Radar Squadron was inactivated . With its closure , Walnut Ridge was determined to be excess by the military and turned over to the local government for civil use . Today , the Air Force radar site is part of the civil airport , and the Williams Baptist College . Most of the USAF buildings are still in use , some by the college and some by Southwest Airlines , which has established a training facility at the site . Air Force units and assignments . Units : Assignments :
German submarine U - 261 German submarine " U - 261 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 17 May 1941 at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen - Vegesack as ' werk ' 26 , launched on 16 February 1942 and commissioned on 28 March under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Hans Lange . After training with the 8th U - boat Flotilla , " U - 261 " was transferred to the 6th U - boat Flotilla , for front - line service from 1 September 1942 . " U - 261 " sank no ships in her short career . Her only patrol began when she departed Kiel on 8 September 1942 . Her route took her through the ' gap ' between the Faroe and Shetland Islands toward the Atlantic Ocean . She never got that far . On the 15th , she was sunk by an Armstrong Whitworth Whitley of No . 58 Squadron RAF west of the Scottish island group .
Alfred Greim Alfred Bruno Eduard Greim ( 8 August 1902 – 19 May 1943 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
USS Fairfield ( AK - 178 ) USS " Fairfield " ( AK - 178 ) was an " Alamosa " - class cargo ship acquired by the U . S . Navy during the final months of World War II . She served in the Pacific Ocean theatre of operations and was decommissioned shortly after war ’ s end . Built in California . The second ship to be so named by the Navy , " Fairfield " ( AK - 178 ) was launched on 6 February 1945 by Kaiser Cargo Inc . , Richmond , California ; sponsored by Mrs . Henry W . Creeger ; acquired by the Navy on a loan - charter basis from the U . S . Maritime Commission ; and commissioned on 28 March 1945 , Lieutenant C . R . Snyder , USNR , in command . World War II - related service . " Fairfield " completed shakedown and fitting out before 8 May when she arrived at San Francisco , California , to load cargo for Manus , Samar and Calicoan Island s . In early July she loaded U . S . Army cargo at Parang , Mindanao , and was en route to Agusan Providence when on the 14th she picked up six Filipino guerillas from the wreckage of their boat which had been cut in two and sunk by a submarine . " Fairfield " continued her cargo operations among the islands of the southwest Pacific Ocean through October 1945 when she was drydocked at Newcastle , Australia , for a brief period before being assigned to carry Australian Army cargo from Sydney , Australia , to Borneo , Tacloban , and Manila , Philippine Islands . Post - war decommissioning . During December the Navy removed all excess gear and she steamed into Yokosuka , Japan , on the 25th . On 8 January 1946 a Japanese crew came on board for training and on the 11th she was decommissioned and turned over to the War Shipping Administration for disposal . Her subsequent fate is not known .
Nathan Sonenshein Nathan Sonenshein ( August 2 , 1915 – April 13 , 2001 ) was a rear admiral in the United States Navy . A native of Lodi , New Jersey , Sonenshein began his four - decade naval career by attending and receiving a commission from the U . S . Naval Academy . In 1970 , he was head of the Navy ' s Bureau of Ships , just before it became the Naval Ship Systems Command . After his retirement in 1974 , Sonenshein lived in Fairfax , Virginia . He moved to Moraga , California less than a decade later and became assistant to the president of Global Marine Development , Inc . , in Newport Beach , California . In 1982 , he received the American Society of Naval Engineers ' Harold E . Saunders Award , which honors " an individual whose reputation in naval engineering spans a long career of notable achievement and influence . " In 1983 , he was a member of the Marine Board of the Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems of the National Research Council . During his tenure , the board produced a report , " Criteria for the Depths of Dredged Navigational Channels " . On July 1 , 1984 , he was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to a two - year term as one of eight members of the National Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmosphere . The Reagan Administration ' s choices for the panel membership drew criticism from environmentalists , who noted that it included no atmospheric scientists . One of the committee ' s more controversial reports during his tenure suggested that U . S . shipyards be allowed to go out of business rather than be propped up by government subsidy . The report , released July 16 , 1985 , concluded that the country ' s shipyard capacity is " considerably greater " than would be required in a major conventional war . Using classified Pentagon studies , the report concluded that shipyards could expand production by 3½ to six times , providing all the new ships that would be needed . " Look at England in the Falklands " , Sonenshein told the " Washington Post " . " In less than two months , they were able to modify and convert some 50 of their merchant ships that were then used for naval operations . . . Sure , it ' s always better to have more shipyards and more merchant ships to give you a margin of safety . But the hard question is , are you going to pay for it ? I wouldn ' t pay for any more than we now have . " Sonenshein died at Kaiser Permanente in San Rafael , California , aged 85 . He was buried at Oakmont Cemetery in Lafayette , California .
HMS Helmuth HMS " Helmuth " was an armed tug of the British Royal Navy . Formally a German vessel , she was captured by the British at the beginning of World War I and placed into service as a picket . She was involved in several actions of the East African campaign including the Battle of Zanzibar , the Raid on Dar es Salaam , blockading SMS " Konigsberg " in the Rujifi delta , and the Battle of Tanga . Career . At the beginning of World War I , " Helmuth " was present in Zanzibar Harbour under the German flag . Several prominent Germans in Zanzibar had planned to use her in order to sail to German East Africa and escape internment , but her engines were in disrepair and she was seized by the British before any use could be made of her . The British set about repairing her and armed her with a three pounder gun . Placed under the command of C . J . Charlewood , " Helmuth " was used as a picket ship at the entrance of Zanzibar Harbour . When the " Konigsberg " appeared at the entrance of the harbor on 20 September 1914 , she was unable to warn the cruiser , which was in port repairing her engines . In the ensuing engagement , " Pegasus " was sunk . Upon leaving the harbor , " Konigsberg " fired several shots at " Helmuth " driving her crew overboard and killing a native working in the engine room . " Helmuth " was only lightly damaged , and was recovered by the British . On 2 November , during the leadup to the Battle of Tanga , " Helmuth " was tasked with sweeping the harbour for mines in anticipation of the British landing , though ultimately none were found . On 28 November 1914 , " Helmuth " accompanied the cruiser and the battleship to Dar es Salaam . The ships were involved in inspecting suspected German passenger ships when the inspecting officers were fired on by German troops .
Sunfish - class destroyer Three Sunfish - class destroyers served with the Royal Navy . , and were all built by the Hebburn - on - Tyne shipyard of Hawthorn Leslie . Ordered under the 1893 - 94 Programme , the contract was placed on 7 February 1894 . All three " turtle - back " destroyers were laid down in 1894 , launched in 1895 and completed in 1896 . Powered by 8 Yarrow boilers , this was the same 8 boiler configuration originally used on . The ships produced 4 , 000 H . P . and could make 27 knots . They were armed with one twelve pounder gun and two torpedo tubes and carried a complement of 53 officers and men . In 1912 all three , like the other surviving 27 - knotter destroyers , were re - classed as " A " Class destroyers . They served in Home waters throughout World War One , and all three were sold for breaking up in 1920 . They were also sometimes referred to as " Opossum - class destroyers " .
Battle of Derasge The Battle of Derasge was fought on 9 February 1855 between Kassa Hailu ' s forces and the forces of the warlord Wube Haile Maryam . Kassa won the battle , and two days later crowned Tewodros II of Ethiopia at the church of Derasge Mariam near Mekane Berhan .
William McCandless William McCandless ( September 29 , 1834 – June 17 , 1884 ) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War , commanding a regiment and then a brigade in the Pennsylvania Reserve Division . Biography . McCandless , nicknamed " Buck , " was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , on September 29 , 1834 . McCandless enlisted in the 2nd Regiment , Pennsylvania Reserves , as a private ; but he was promoted to the rank of major in June 1861 . He became the regiment ' s colonel in August 1862 . The 2nd Reserves served in the Seven Days Battles in the Army of the Potomac and alter at the Second Battle of Bull Run and the Battle of Antietam . McCandless was wounded at Second Bull Run and missed Antietam . ( Captain James N . Byrnes commanded in his absence . ) When William Sinclair was wounded in the Battle of Fredericksburg , McCandless succeeded him in command of the 1st Brigade of the Reserves under George Gordon Meade . The division was , at that time , 3rd Division , I Corps . It had penetrated the Confederate right flank along the line of A . P . Hill ’ s Light Division . After Fredericksburg , the division was transferred to the defenses of Washington , D . C . to recuperate from its losses on active duty . In May 1863 , the Reserves , then commanded by Samuel Crawford , returned to the Army of the Potomac and became the 3rd Division of the V Corps . McCandless retained command of the 1st Brigade , and was active in the Battle of Gettysburg . On the second day of the battle , McCandless moved to the army ’ s left and deployed his men in two lines , together with the 93rd Pennsylvania Infantry of Frank Wheaton ’ s brigade , at the foot of Little Round Top . McCandless ’ brigade , under immediate supervision by Crawford , launched a counterattack against the Confederates , mostly from William T . Wofford ’ s command , across Plum Run Valley and up slope to the edge of the Wheatfield on July 2 , 1863 . ( Wofford had been ordered to withdraw and did not resist as fiercely as he desired . ) McCandless ’ s brigade held its position to the end of the battle . Then it advanced late on July 3 , gathering up stragglers from the Confederate withdrawal . McCandless commanded the division in the Bristoe Campaign in the fall of 1863 . He reverted to brigade command and served under Crawford in the Mine Run Campaign . McCandless retained his brigade in the Overland Campaign of Ulysses S . Grant . He was wounded in the Battle of the Wilderness . Grant and Meade offered him promotion to the rank of brigadier general , but he declined . Colonel McCandless was mustered out of the volunteer service with his regiment on June 6 , 1864 . He was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1867 to 1869 . McCandless returned to Philadelphia and resumed his civilian career . He died on June 17 , 1884 .
Umezawa Michiharu Biography . Born in the northern domain of Sendai , Umezawa fought in the Boshin War on the side of the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei against the forces of Emperor Meiji . He was also a participant of the Battle of Hakodate . After the war he was taken into custody , and following his release in 1869 , he enlisted into the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army . In the Seinan War , Umezawa fought as a member of the IJA 3rd Infantry Regiment . During the First Sino - Japanese War , he was in charge of military logistics . With the outbreak of the Russo - Japanese War , Umezawa was initially sent to the front lines as commander of the Imperial Guards 4th Regiment . He was given a battlefield promotion to major general in July 1904 for heroism at the Battle of Shaho . He subsequently served as commander of the Reserve Brigade of the Imperial Guards . In February 1906 , Umezawa became commander of the 2nd Brigade of the Imperial Guards . In September 1911 , Umezawa was promoted to lieutenant general and became commander in chief of the IJA 6th Division . In May 1914 , he was awarded the 1st class of the Order of the Sacred Treasures , which he added to his existing collection of 2nd , 3rd and 4th class Order of the Golden Kite . Umezawa entered the reserves in October 1915 . In his final years , he suffered from rheumatism ; he died at the age of 72 in January 1924 .
Pilot ( boat ) Pilot is a pilot boat and museum ship in San Diego , California . She was launched in 1914 in San Diego , built in the local boatyard of Manuel Goularte . She is a 52 - foot wooden diesel powered vessel . She was the first powered pilot boat in San Diego . She served as the official pilot boat of San Diego Bay for 82 years , with no more than three consecutive days of downtime . During World War II , she was used by the Coast Guard as a pilot boat and patrol boat , and decorated with six six - month service chevron s . She was donated to the Maritime Museum of San Diego in 1996 and underwent restoration . " Pilot " now hosts educational tours of San Diego Bay , and sometimes accompanies other historic vessels ( most notably , " Star of India " ) into and out of the Bay .
Pistolet - pulemet Pistolet - pulemet ( Пистоле́т - пулемёт ) means submachine gun in Russian . The name is most often used in relation to a series of weapons made by the Soviet Union which includes PPD - 40 , PPSh - 41 and PPS - 43 . The letter after the PP ( ПП ) in the gun ' s designation is from the designer ' s name . For example , the " Sh " in PPSh stands for " Shpagin " ( Russian : " Шпагин " ) .
Cross Keys Confederate order of battle The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Cross Keys of the American Civil War . The Union order of battle is listed separately . Department of the Valley . MG Thomas J . Jackson Forces at Cross Keys . MG Richard S . Ewell < nowiki > * < / nowiki > Jackson ' s Division crossed over to Port Republic after a brief fight with Shields ' cavalry , in which only the units listed above engaged .
Stephen Rochefontaine Stephen Rochefontaine ( February 23 , 1755 Ay , Marne France – January 30 , 1814 New York City ) was a French - born military engineer who served as such in the Continental Army , during the American Revolutionary War , and later as the Chief of Engineers of the United States Army Corps of Engineers . He was born Étienne Nicolas Marie Béchet , Sieur de Rochefontaine . Rochefontaine came to America in 1778 after failing to gain a position in the French Royal Corps of Engineers . He volunteered in General Washington ' s Continental Army on May 15 , 1778 and was appointed captain in the Corps of Engineers on September 18 , 1778 . For his distinguished services at the siege of Yorktown , Rochefontaine was given the brevet rank of major by Congress , November 16 , 1781 . He returned to France in 1783 and served as an infantry officer , reaching the rank of colonel in the French Army . He came back to the United States in 1792 and anglicized his first name to Stephen . President Washington appointed him a civilian engineer to fortify the New England coast , in 1794 . After the new Corps of Artillerists and Engineers was organized , Washington made Rochefontaine a lieutenant colonel and commandant of the new Corps on February 26 , 1795 . Rochefontaine started a military school at West Point in 1795 , but the building and all his equipment were burned the following year . He left the Army on May 7 , 1798 , and lived in New York City , where he died January 30 , 1814 . He is buried in the Churchyard of St . Paul ' s Chapel in New York . References . " This article contains public domain text from "
USS Morristown ( ID - 3580 ) USS " Morristown " ( ID - 3580 ) was a cargo ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919 . The cargo ship SS " Morristown " was built by the Standard Shipbuilding Company , Shooters ’ Island , New York , in 1918 . The U . S . Navy acquired her for World War I service from the Russian Volunteer Fleet on 18 October 1918 at Hoboken , New Jersey , assigned her the Identification Number ( Id . No . ) 3580 , and commissioned her the same day with Lieutenant Allen D . Tucker , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) , " Morristown " sailed from New York City on 27 October 1918 in convoy for Europe , arriving at La Pallice , France , on 15 November 1918 to debark her cargo of United States Army supplies and airplanes . She made two more runs to European ports with ammunition and general cargo before departing Dartmouth , England , for the United States East Coast on 25 May 1919 . Arriving at Norfolk , Virginia , on 9 June 1919 , " Morristown " decommissioned on 13 June 1919 and was delivered to the United States Shipping Board ( USSB ) . She remained in USSB custody as SS " Morristown " until sold for scrap on 4 January 1936 .