naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
VMF - 216 Marine Fighting Squadron 216 ( VMF - 216 ) was a fighter squadron of the United States Marine Corps during World War II . Known as the “ Bulldogs ” , they flew the F4U Corsair and participated in numerous combat engagements in the Pacific Theater . They were deactivated on March 10 , 1945 and remain in an inactive status today . History . Marine Fighting Squadron 216 was formed at Marine Corps Air Station El Centro , California in January 1943 but was not officially commissioned until September 16 , 1943 with Major Rivers J . Morrell , Jr . in command . Initially training in FM - 1 Wildcat s , they transitioned to the Vought F4U - 1 Corsair and operated roughly 18 of these aircraft at any one time . VMF - 216 was the first squadron to land at the recently - opened Torokina Airfield on December 10 , 1943 . By this time they had at least partially transitioned to the F4U - 1A Corsair , featuring a bubble canopy . On August 4 , 1944 , VMF - 216 joined VMF ( N ) - 534 , VMF - 217 , and VMF - 225 on Guam following the invasion of the island by United States forces . Following this , they were based on the Essex Class aircraft carrier USS Wasp ( CV - 18 ) starting in early February 1945 and participated in the Battle of Iwo Jima . They remained aboard until " Wasp " retired to the west coast for overhaul of battle damage . The squadron was deactivated on March 10 , 1945 .
Ramiro III of León Ramiro III ( 961 – 985 ) , king of León ( 966 – 984 ) , was the son of Sancho the Fat and his successor at the age of only five . Family . During his minority , the regency was in the hands of two nuns : his aunt Elvira Ramírez , who took the title of queen during the minority , and then his mother Teresa Ansúrez , who had been put in a convent on her husband ' s death . As a consequence of this , his reign is known for its support of the clergy . Reign . Among his acts as king during his minority , he ratified a peace treaty with Caliph al - Hakam II and he confronted Vikings who had invaded Galicia . With the conclusion of the peace treaty , the vizier Almanzor invaded his realm . Upon reaching his majority and after his wedding to Sancha ( d . after 983 ) , perhaps daughter of Gómez Díaz , Count of Saldaña , Ramiro tried to institute an absolutist monarchy which resulted in the alienation of the already separatist Galicia and Castile . This , together with the constant routs experienced at the hands of the Muslims , such as the Battle of Rueda , the Battle of Torrevicente and the worst of which took place at San Esteban de Gormaz under the regency of his aunt in 975 , led the Galician nobility in 982 to proclaim Bermudo II , son of Ordoño III , king of Galicia . He lost his throne to Bermudo two years later , in 984 . He had at least one child with his wife , Sancha Gómez , Ordoño Ramírez , who married Cristina Bermúdez , daughter of his rival .
USS Barbel ( SS - 316 ) USS " Barbel " ( SS - 316 ) , a " Balao " - class submarine , was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the barbel , a cyprinoid fish , commonly called a minnow or carp . " Barbel " keel was laid down by the Electric Boat Company of Groton , Connecticut . She was launched on 14 November 1943 sponsored by Mrs . Harold A . Allen , and commissioned 3 April 1944 , Commander R . A . Keating in command . Service history . " Barbel " arrived at Pearl Harbor on 21 June 1944 and commenced preparation for her first war patrol . From 15 July 1944 – 4 February 1945 , she carried out four war patrols and is officially credited with sinking six Japanese ships totaling 15 , 263 tons . " Barbel " departed Fremantle , Australia , on 5 January 1945 for the South China Sea on her fourth patrol . Late in January she was ordered to form a " wolfpack " with and and patrol the western approaches to Balabac Strait and the southern entrance to Palawan Passage . On 3 February , " Barbel " sent a message reporting that she had been attacked three times by enemy aircraft dropping depth charge s and would transmit further information on the following night . " Barbel " was never heard from again . Japanese aviators reported an attack on a submarine off southwest Palawan on 4 February . Two bombs were dropped and one landed on the submarine near the bridge . The sub plunged , under a cloud of fire and spray . This was very likely the last engagement of " Barbel " . She was officially reported lost on 16 February 1945 . Awards . " Barbel " received three battle star s for her World War II service . Memorials . The Barbel has a War memorial in the Oregon Trail Veterans Cemetery in Casper , Wyoming .
Nathan Lloyd Smith Private Nathan Lloyd Smith ( June 28 , 1975 – April 18 , 2002 ) was one of four Canadian soldiers killed by US Forces during the Tarnak Farm friendly fire incident near Kandahar , Afghanistan . Early life . He was born in Halifax , Nova Scotia in 1975 . Nathan grew up in Ostrea Lake on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia . He attended Eastern Shore District High School in Musquodoboit Harbour , Nova Scotia . He graduated from the commercial diving course at Seneca College in Newmarket , Ontario in 1997 . Military service . Smith enlisted in the Canadian Forces on September 24 , 1998 . He was killed with three others when an American laser - guided bomb was dropped on members of Princess Patricia ' s Canadian Light Infantry taking part in a live - fire training exercise . Their deaths were the first of Canada ' s war in Afghanistan , and the first in a combat zone since the Korean War . Legacy . Smith ' s mother , Charlotte Lynn Smith , was named the Silver Cross Mother in 2003 by the Royal Canadian Legion . Camp Nathan Smith in Afghanistan was named after him .
Ernst Busch ( military ) Ernst Bernhard Wilhelm Busch ( 6 July 1885 – 17 July 1945 ) was a German field marshal during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or outstanding military leadership . Background . Early life and career . He was born in Essen - Steele , Germany , and was educated at the Groß Lichterfelde Cadet Academy . Busch entered the Prussian Army in 1904 and served on the Western Front during World War I . He was awarded the Pour le Mérite in 1918 . After the war , Busch remained in the army and was appointed Inspector of Transport Troops in 1925 . He was promoted in 1930 to lieutenant - colonel and given command of the Infantry Regiment No . 9 . World War II . Busch served under Wilhelm List during the Invasion of Poland of 1939 , and the following year he led the German Sixteenth Army during the Western Offensive . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross by Hitler for his efforts . Busch took part in Operation Barbarossa and on 8 September 1941 his 16th Army took Demyansk before taking part in the siege of Leningrad . Despite a counter - attack by the Red Army , Busch ' s troops held the line from Staraya Russa to Ostashkov . After a brave defence of his position he was promoted to field marshal . He commanded Army Group Centre in 1943 and 1944 but after the disastrous defeat of June 1944 , he was sacked by Hitler early in July 1944 and replaced by Field Marshal Walther Model . Busch was recalled in March 1945 when he became head of Army Group Northwest . Along with Kurt Student and his 1st Parachute Army , Busch had the task of trying to halt the advance of Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery and the Allies into Germany . Busch surrendered to Montgomery on 3 May 1945 , and died in a prisoner of war camp in Aldershot , England , on 17 July 1945 . He is buried at Cannock Chase German war cemetery , Staffordshire .
James M . Cumpston James M . Cumpston ( 1837 – May 24 , 1888 ) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Valley Campaigns of 1864 . Although his military records are under Cumpston , his surname is correctly spelled Compston . Medal of Honor citation . “ The President of the United States of America , in the name of Congress , takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Private James M . Cumpston , United States Army , for extraordinary heroism from August to November , 1864 , while serving with Company D , 91st Ohio Infantry , in action in the Shenandoah Valley Campaign , Virginia , for capture of flag . ”
Maryland Drydock Company The Maryland Drydock Company was a shipbuilding company that operated in Baltimore , Maryland during the 20th century . The company started life in 1920 as the Globe Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company of Maryland . Its President at this time was B . C . Cooke . The company bought land along the Patapsco River across the Bay from Fort McHenry . It later changed its name to the simpler " Maryland Drydock Company " . Sometime after 1950 , its name was changed again , to the Maryland Shipbuilding and Drydock Company . Maryland Drydock specialized in ship conversions , upgrades and repairs rather than with shipbuilding per se . During World War II , the company was employed in the conversion of numerous warships built at other yards for the US war effort . Unlike many other shipbuilding companies of the period , it survived the postwar downturn in the shipbuilding industry . In 1970 , the company ' s yard in Baltimore was purchased by the manufacturer of Fruehauf trailers which spent $ 30 million upgrading the site . Unfortunately , adverse economic conditions caused the yard to close in 1984 and much of the site was razed , although one drydock was preserved and was being used by Kurt Metal for the scrapping of old ships in 1995 . Not counting the many vessels " jumbosized " there , a total of at least eighteen vessels were built during the shipyard ' s history . List of vessels built by the company . " This is an incomplete list . "
Ruth Cheney Streeter Ruth Cheney Streeter ( October 2 , 1895 – September 30 , 1990 ) was the first director of the United States Marine Corps Women ' s Reserve ( USMCWR ) . In 1943 , she became the first woman to attain the rank of major in the United States Marine Corps when she was commissioned as a major on January 29 , 1943 . She retired in 1945 as a lieutenant colonel . Life and military career . Born Ruth Cheney on October 2 , 1895 in Brookline , Massachusetts . she graduated from Bryn Mawr College in 1918 . On June 23 , 1917 , she married Thomas W . Streeter ; they went on to have four children . They lived in Morristown , New Jersey , where she was involved in civic affairs , and served as the first woman president of the Morris County , New Jersey Welfare Board . On January 29 , 1943 , she was commissioned as a major and appointed director of the United States Marine Corps Women ' s Reserve . She was promoted to lieutenant colonel later that year , and to full colonel in 1944 . She resigned her commission on December 6 , 1945 . During Streeter ' s tenure , the Women ' s Reserve grew to a size of 831 officers and 17 , 714 enlisted . In 1946 , she was awarded the Legion of Merit . The accompanying citation states in part : In addition to the Legion of Merit , Streeter was also awarded the American Campaign Medal and the World War II Victory Medal . In 1947 , she was appointed as a member of the New Jersey Constitutional Convention . Streeter died of congestive heart failure on September 30 , 1990 in Morristown , New Jersey . 1990 . She is buried in Peterborough , New Hampshire .
Operation Tamarisk Operation Tamarisk was a Cold War - era operation run by the military intelligence services of the US , UK and France through their military liaison missions in East Germany , that gathered discarded paper , letters , and rubbish from Soviet trash bins and military maneuvers , including used toilet paper . As described in " The Hidden Hand " by Richard Aldrich on page 414 , it involved starving the Soviets of toilet paper . This led them to use official documents as toilet paper . The US , UK and France then used their spies to retrieve the documents as the paper was not soluble and was put into bins . The spies actually complained to their handlers that they had to go through the bins that contained fecal matter and even amputated limbs , in the case of hospital rubbish bins . When the spies told their handlers this , the handlers immediately asked them to bring back the limbs as well so they could study what type of shrapnel the Soviets were using . According to Tony Geraghty , " to tamarisk " was BRIXMIS jargon for " sifting through the detritus of military exercises " . This included extracting shrapnel from tissue disposal sites at hospitals and salvaging documents used as toilet paper where no actual toilet paper had been issued , but also less disgusting finds such as a discarded personal notebook containing technical drawings . Leslie Woodhead was told that it was one of the most successful espionage operations in the entire cold war .
Christopher Maltby Major General Christopher Michael Maltby , CB , MC ( 1891 – 1980 ) was Commander of British Troops in China . Military career . Maltby was commissioned into the Indian Army in 1911 . He served in World War I and then went to the Staff College in Quetta in 1923 . He served on the North West Frontier in India and then became a General Staff Officer at Army Headquarters in India in 1925 . He went on to the Staff College at Andover in 1927 and then was appointed Deputy Assistant Adjutant General at Army Headquarters in India in 1930 . He returned to the North West Frontier in India in 1937 and then became an Instructor at the Staff College at Quetta in 1938 before being appointed a General Staff Officer in Baluchistan District in India in 1939 . He served in World War II initially as Commander of 3rd Jhelum Brigade , then as Commander of the Calcutta Brigade , and finally as Commander of 19th Indian Infantry Brigade in Deccan District in India . He was made Commander of British Troops in China in August 1941 . He initially established a 10 - mile line of defence known as Gin Drinkers Line across the Southern part of the mainland but was rapidly forced to withdraw his troops back to Hong Kong Island . General Takashi Sakai began a bombardment of the Island and , after a brief counter - attack by British Troops which commenced on 19 December 1941 , Maltby surrendered to the Japan ese at Queen ' s Pier on 25 December 1941 . He was a Prisoner of War from 1941 to 1945 .
USS Sturdy ( SP - 82 ) The first USS " Sturdy " ( SP - 82 ) was a patrol boat acquired by the U . S . Navy for the task of patrolling the coastal waters of the U . S . East Coast during : World War I . Her primary task was to guard the coastal area against German submarines by tending to antisubmarine nets in New York harbor . " Sturdy " ( " SP - 82 " ) was built in 1905 by the New York Yacht , Launch , and Engine Company , Morris Heights , New York . The motor boat was acquired by the Navy on 25 May 1917 from J . A . Nickelson of Morris Heights , and was commissioned on 25 June 1917 . During World War I , " Sturdy " was assigned to the 3rd Naval District and served as a net tender until placed on sale on 9 October 1919 . She was struck from the Navy list on 13 January 1920 and sold on 30 March 1920 .
1st Division ( Reichswehr ) The 1st Division was a unit of the Reichswehr , the armed forces of Germany during the Weimar Republic . Creation . In the Order of 31 July 1920 for the Reduction of the Army ( to comply with the upper limits on the size of the military contained in the Treaty of Versailles ) , it was determined that in every " Wehrkreis " ( military district ) a division would be established by 1 October 1920 . The 1st Division was formed in January 1921 out of the Reichswehr - Brigaden 1 and 20 , both part of the former " Übergangsheer " ( Transition Army ) . It consisted of 3 infantry regiments , the 1st , 2nd and 3rd ( Prussian ) Infantry Regiments . It also included the 1st ( Prussian ) Artillery Regiment , an engineering battalion , a signals battalion , a transportation battalion and a medical battalion . It was subordinated to Gruppenkommando 1 . The commander of the Wehrkreis I was simultaneously the commander of the 1st Division . Its commanders were : The unit ceased to exist as such after October 1934 , and its subordinate units were transferred to the 21 Divisions newly created in that year . Garrisons . The divisional headquarters was in Königsberg .
PAF Base Faisal PAF Base Faisal ( ) is Pakistan Air Force airbase located at Karachi , Sindh , Pakistan . It was named after late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia . It is the site of PAF ' s Southern Air Command and PAF Air War College . During the British Raj , PAF Base Faisal was known as RAF Karachi . PAF Base Masroor is the other Pakistan Air Force base in Karachi . One of the facilities at PAF Base Faisal , the 102 Air Engineering depot , is responsible for the overhaul of turbojet engines for the PAF ' s fleet of Chengdu F - 7 . The F - 7 is a type of Chinese interceptor aircraft . On 4 July 2003 a ceremony was held to celebrate the roll - out of the 10 , 000th turbojet engine to be overhauled at the facility . The engine overhaul workshop was also upgraded to overhaul the newer WP - 13F turbojet engines of the PAF ' s latest F - 7 model , the F - 7PG .
Air Force Global Logistics Support Center The Air Force Global Logistics Support Center ( AFGLSC ) served as the hub for supply chain management for the U . S . Air Force . It was stood down in 2012 as part of Air Force Materiel Command restructuring . Organization . The AFGLSC consists of three subordinate units . The 448th Supply Chain Management Wing is based at Tinker Air Force Base and conducts planning and execution of logistics operations . The 635th Supply Chain Operations Wing is co - located at Scott Air Force Base and supports movement and combat operations . The 591st Supply Chain Management Group conducts strategic planning and integration from Wright - Patterson Air Force Base .
USS Iroquois ( AT - 46 ) USS " Iroquois " ( AT - 46 ) was a tugboat acquired by the United States Navy in anticipation of need for the Spanish - American War . She performed a variety of duties at a number of locations , both in the Pacific Ocean as well as the Atlantic Ocean . In 1925 , she was finally decommissioned , and sold by the Navy a few years later . Built in San Francisco . The second ship to be so named by the Navy , " Iroquois " — a steam tug — was built as " Fearless " by Union Iron Works , San Francisco , California in 1892 ; purchased by the Navy from J . D . Spreckles Bros . & Co . on 18 April 1898 during preparations for the expected war with Spain ; and commissioned as " Iroquois " on 6 July 1898 , Lieutenant L . H . Turner in command . Service in the Pacific Ocean . " Iroquois " served as a station tug at Mare Island Navy Yard in California until 19 January 1899 , when she sailed for duty in the Hawaiian Islands . Upon arriving Honolulu on 28 January , she acted as a station tug , mail boat , and even surveying ship between the main islands and Midway Islands . She returned to Mare Island on 15 February 1910 , and for the next 10 years operated between that base and San Diego , California , as a collier and supply ship . " Iroquois " also performed patrol and salvage duties during this period . World War I service . After America ' s entry into World War I , the tug steamed to New York City early in 1918 , and for the next few months served as a tug and convoy escort along the U . S . East Coast . Following this service , she departed New York on 30 June 1919 for Charleston , South Carolina , then left for San Diego , California , arriving on 27 October . She served 13th Naval District as a harbor craft out of San Diego until 1925 . Decommissioning . " Iroquois " was decommissioned on 7 March 1925 . She was sold to Benjamin L . Jones of Bellington , Washington on 15 May 1928 .
Lager Norderney Lager Norderney was a Nazi concentration camp on Alderney , in the Channel Islands , named after the East Frisian island of Norderney . The Germans built three labour camps and one Nazi Concentration camp on the island , subcamps of the Neuengamme concentration camp ( located in Hamburg , Germany ) . Each subcamp was named after one of the Frisian Islands : " Lager Norderney " located at Saye , Lager Borkum at Platte Saline , Lager Sylt near the old telegraph tower at La Foulère and Lager Helgoland , situated in the northwest corner of the island . 700 people died in the Alderney concentration camps ( out of a total inmate population of about 6 , 000 ) . These were the only Nazi concentration camps on British soil . Some of the structures of Lager Norderney still remain , and the site is now a camping site for tourists . Close by is a tunnel from the camp to the beach , which is it is claimed was used by the Nazis as a shelter , or possibly as a killing site It was organised by the Schutzstaffel - SS - Baubrigade I — which was first under supervision of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp ; and since mid - February 1943 ran under the Neuengamme camp in northern Germany . It was used by the Nazi Organisation Todt , a forced labour programme , to build bunker s , gun emplacements , air - raid shelter s and other concrete fortifications . " Norderney camp " housed European ( usually Eastern but including Spaniard ) and Russia n enforced labourers . The prisoners in " Lager Norderney " and " Lager Sylt " were slave labourers forced to build the many military fortifications and installations throughout Alderney . " Sylt camp " held Jewish enforced labourers and was a death camp . The " Borkum " and " Helgoland " camps were " volunteer " ( Hilfswillige ) labour camps and the labourers in those camps were treated harshly but marginally better than the inmates at the " Sylt " and " Norderney " camps . " Lager Borkum " was used for German technicians and volunteers from different countries of Europe . " Lager Helgoland " was filled with Russia n Organisation Todt workers . ( For further information on Alderney concentration camps , see " Appendix F : Concentration Camps : Endlösung – The Final Solution " ; " Alderney , a Nazi concentration camp on an island Anglo - Norman " ) . In 1942 , " Lager Norderney " , containing Russian and Polish POWs , and " Lager Sylt " , holding Jews , were placed under the control of the SS Hauptsturmführer Max List . Over 700 of the inmates lost their lives before the camps were closed and the remaining inmates transferred to Germany in 1944 .
Liu Huaqing Liu Huaqing ( ; October 1916 – January 14 , 2011 ) was the Commander of the Chinese People ' s Liberation Army Navy from 1982 through 1988 , and is considered to been responsible for its modernization efforts . He had outlined a vision by which the People ' s Republic of China would have a navy of global reach by the second half of the 21st century . He was a strong advocate of the future Chinese aircraft carrier program . He was also the top commander of the troops enforcing martial law to suppress the Tiananmen Square protests in June 3 – 4 , 1989 . Liu died on January 14 , 2011 in Beijing .
Wolfgang Bohn Wolfgang Bohn ( 1 December 1917 – April 1945 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Wolfgang Bohn disappeared near Brünn in April 1945 .