naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Kendrick Skinner John Kendrick Skinner VC , DCM ( 5 February 1883 – 17 March 1918 ) was born in Glasgow to Walter C . Skinner , a tailor ' s cutter , and Mary Skinner née Kendrick . He was educated at Queen ' s Park Higher Grade School and Allan Glen ' s School in the city . Skinner was an acting Company Sergeant Major in the 1st Battalion , The King ' s Own Scottish Borderers , British Army , when he became the recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . In the First World War he was 34 years old and exhibited " most conspicuous bravery and good leading " during the Battle of Passchendaele on 18 August 1917 at Wijdendrift , Belgium , for which he received the Victoria Cross . His citation reads : C . S . M Skinner received the medal from King George V at an investiture in Buckingham Palace on 26 September 1917 . Following the investiture he was granted the customary fourteen days ' leave after which he was posted to the Reserve Battalion in Edinburgh . A few days later , however , he was seen in the line , having risked a court - martial to return to his men . He was killed in action , Vlamertinghe , Belgium , on 17 March 1918 , when trying to rescue a wounded man . and was buried at Vlamertinghe New British Cemetery , Belgium . 3m W of Ypres . Plot XVI . Row H . Grave 15 . His pall bearers were six fellow - VCs with three others in attendance . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Regimental Museum of The Kings Own Scottish Borderers , Berwick upon Tweed , Northumberland , England .
Curtiss C - 1 Canada The Curtiss C - 1 Canada was a twin - engined bomber aircraft of the First World War which was designed by Curtiss of America to be built by their Canadian subsidiary for the British Royal Naval Air Service and Royal Flying Corps . Although large orders were placed , only twelve were built , the type being rejected in favour of more capable aircraft such as the Handley Page O / 100 . Design and development . In 1915 , Curtiss designed a twin - engined landplane bomber based on its Curtiss Model H flying boat that had been designed for an attempt to fly across the Atlantic Ocean non - stop , and was in production for Britains ' s Royal Naval Air Service ( RNAS ) . The RNAS was interested in Curtiss ' s design , and placed an order for a single prototype . As Curtiss ' s Hammondsport and Buffalo , New York factories were busy building JN trainers and H - 4 flying boats , it was decided to give responsibility for the new bomber , the C - 1 , to Curtiss ' s new Canadian subsidiary , Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd . , based at Toronto , giving rise to the name Curtiss Canada . The Canada used the uneven span biplane wings and 160 hp ( 119 kW ) Curtiss V - X engines of the H - 4 flying boat , but the rest of the design was new . The fuselage was a long nacelle attached to the lower wing , with two gunners sitting side - by - side in an open cockpit in the nose of the nacelle , with the pilot sitting alone in a separate cockpit at the rear of the nacelle , behind the wings . The tail surfaces , with had a single vertical fin , were carried on twin tailbooms extending from the rear of the engine nacelles , with a third , lower , tailboom from the rear of the fuselage nacelle . It had a conventional landing gear with twin , tandem mainwheels and a tailskid . An early form of autopilot , the Sperry stabilizer , was fitted to improve stability for bombing . Construction of the prototype started in May 1915 , and was first flown on 3 September 1915 , powered by two 90 hp ( 67 kW ) Curtiss OX - 5 engines as the planned V - Xs were unavailable . Further orders were placed for 100 production aircraft for the RNAS , and another prototype and ten production aircraft for the Royal Flying Corps . Operational history . The first Curtiss Canada was delivered by ship to Britain in late 1915 , being reassembled at Farnborough for the RFC , flying again in January 1916 . It was damaged in a crash in February , being rebuilt with modified wings . When tested in April , its performance proved to be poor . While the ten production aircraft for the RFC were delivered un - assembled to Farnborough by July that year , the RFC had abandoned the Canada , and these aircraft were never re - assembled . The RNAS received one prototype , cancelling its orders as the greatly superior Handley Page O / 100 was coming into service .
Viktor Talalikhin Viktor Vasilevich Talalikhin ( Виктор Васильевич Талалихин ) ( September 18 , 1918 – October 27 , 1941 ) was a Soviet lieutenant and aviator during the Winter War and World War II and a Hero of the Soviet Union , among the first to perform aerial ramming at night . Career . Talalikhin was born in 1918 . He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1938 and became a fighter pilot . He participated in the Winter War , the Soviet - Finnish war of November 1939 - March 1940 , claiming three air victories in 47 sorties . In 1941 , during the first few weeks of fighting on the Eastern Front during World War II , he was first a wing commander , then a deputy squadron commander , flying with 177th IAP . On 6 August 1941 , flying a Soviet National Air Defense Forces Polikarpov I - 16 fighter over Moscow , Talalikhin rammed a German Heinkel He . 111 bomber after running out of ammunition , destroying both aircraft . Wounded by machine - gun fire from the German bomber , he parachute d to safety , landing in a small lake . He was the first pilot in history to ram an enemy aircraft at night , and was feted in Moscow as the first major Soviet air hero of World War II . Subsequently Talalikhin shot down five more enemy planes . He was killed in action flying a MiG - 1 during an aerial dogfight with Bf 109s on 27 October 1941 . and is buried in Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow . Talalikhin was declared a Hero of the Soviet Union in 1941 .
German submarine U - 71 ( 1940 ) German submarine " U - 71 " was a type VII C submarine of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during the Second World War . Ordered on 25 January 1939 , her keel was laid down as " Werk " 618 on 21 December that year . She was launched on 31 October 1940 and commissioned on 14 December . She entered the 7th U - boat Flotilla as a training submarine ( commissioning until 31 May 1941 ) , then served as a front ( operational ) boat between 1 June 1941 and 31 May 1943 . During that time she carried out ten war patrols , but had to return to port following damage after colliding with in the North Atlantic on 17 April 1943 . After that , she moved to the 24th U - boat Flotilla as a training submarine ( 1 June 1943 - 30 June 1944 ) , then to the 22nd flotilla also as a training boat from 1 July 1944 until 1 February 1945 . She was a member of 17 wolfpacks . She sank five ships and was scuttled on 2 May 1945 at Wilhelmshaven , six days before the German surrender . History . 1st , 2nd , 3rd and 4th patrols . " U - 71 " s early history was fairly typical of many boats in the " Ubootswaffe " ( U - boat arm ) ; she began her operational life in Kiel , but soon moved to St . Nazaire in France , where despite being nearer to the main hunting grounds of the Atlantic , failed to take advantage of her more advanced location . This was between August 1941 and January 1942 . 5th patrol . Her luck and that of her commander , " Kapitanleutnant " Walter Flachenberg , changed on her fifth foray , sinking a total of 38 , 894 tons of shipping in March and April , 1942 . She returned to France , but this time to La Rochelle . 6th patrol . Flachenberg was unable to repeat his success on " U - 71 " s sixth and his last patrol , returning to St . Nazaire empty - handed . 7th , 8th and 9th patrols . Under a new skipper , Hardo Rodler von Roithberg , the boat could not reproduce the form of her fifth patrol , despite sortieing three times between July 1942 and February 1943 . 10th patrol . By now the writing was on the wall for Germany ' s U - boats ; " U - 71 " was only one submarine that departed La Rochelle and after another unsuccessful voyage , steamed to Königsberg ( on the Baltic coast ) , arriving in May 1943 .
Friedrichshafen FF . 34 The Friedrichshafen FF . 34 was a German biplane floatplane of the 1910s produced by Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen . Development and design . The FF . 34 was similar to the earlier FF . 31 as it was a pusher configuration twin - boom floatplane . It had a central nacelle with two open cockpits . The engine ( a Maybach Mb . IV ) with a pusher propeller was mounted at the back of the nacelle . The twin tail booms were fitted to a rear tailplane / elevator assembly . The aircraft was later modified with a conventional fuselage and tail unit and re - designated the FF . 44
Lala Lala VC ( 20 April 1876 – 23 March 1927 ) was an Indian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth soldiers . Details . Lala was 38 years old , and a Lance - Naik in the 41st Dogras , Indian Army who received the medal for most conspicuous bravery . Finding a British officer of another regiment lying close to the enemy , he dragged him into a temporary shelter , which he himself had made , and in which he had already bandaged four wounded men . After bandaging his wounds he heard calls from the Adjutant of his own regiment who was lying in the open severely wounded . The enemy were not more than one hundred yards distant , and it seemed certain death to go out in that direction , but Lance Naik Lala insisted on going out to his Adjutant , and offered to crawl back with him on his back at once . When this was not permitted , he stripped off his own clothing to keep the wounded officer warmer , and stayed with him till just before dark , when he returned to the shelter . After dark he carried the first wounded officer back to the main trenches , and then , returning with a stretcher , carried back his Adjutant . He set a magnificent example of courage and devotion to his officers . He later achieved the rank of Jemadar . He died several years later from polio and his last words were , " We fought true . "
Signal Pistol m / 18 - 65 Signal Pistol m / 18 - 65 is a flare gun , which has been used in the Swedish Armed Forces . It is used to provide pre - agreed light signals , for example , from the main infantry troops to an artillery unit . It can also be used for directional guidance and for illumination of terrain .
Lars Kagg Count Lars Kagg ( 1595 – 1661 ) was a Swedish soldier and politician . He was appointed Privy Councilor in 1641 , Field Marshal in 1648 and Lord High Constable in 1660 . In the Thirty Years ' War ( 1618 – 1648 ) , he commanded troops at the Battle of Oldendorf , in 1633 .
Rob Healy Robert P . Healy ( born April 13 , 1964 ) is a private equity professional and former military officer and American football player . He played quarterback for Army and was the MVP of the 1985 Peach Bowl . CPT Healy served nine years in the military and participated in the United States invasion of Panama in 1989 , where he was decorated for valor in combat . He later graduated from the Harvard Business School and now is a managing partner with Chicago Growth Partners , a large leverage buyout firm in Chicago . Healy was formerly a partner with ClearLight Partners , another private equity firm . In 2000 , he was a principal with William E . Simon & Sons . He is also the President of the Army Football Club .
Ventspils Castle Ventspils Castle ( ) is located in Ventspils , Latvia . It is one of the oldest and most well - preserved Livonian Order castles remaining , in that it has retained its original layout since the 13th century . Through its 700 year history , it has been used as a fortress , residence , garrison , school , military base , and prison . In 1995 , the castle was restored to its 19th - century appearance , and was converted into a museum . History . Ventspils castle was built in the second half of the 13th century , and controlled by the Livonian Order until the mid - 16th century . As a part of the Duchy of Courland , the castle was the residence of the city master , but during the Polish - Swedish War it was destroyed . After reconstruction in 1650 , the chapel became a Lutheran church ( 1706 – 1835 ) and later a Russian Orthodox church ( 1845 – 1901 ) , but the rest of the castle remained largely unused . In 1832 the 3rd floor was converted into a prison , which closed in 1959 . After World War II , the castle was used for various administrative purposes , and occupied by the Soviet Army border patrol until the 1980s . In 1997 , the castle was restored , and in 2001 the permanent exhibition of the Ventspils museum opened in the tower . Today the castle hosts concerts and art exhibitions as well . Architecture . The original Order castle was built as a fortress , with a tower , defensive walls , and a large interior courtyard with garrisons and storehouses . At first , the tower had two stories with a weapons storeroom in the attic , but the 3rd , 4th , and 5th floors were added over time . The castle was destroyed in the Polish - Swedish War , and only the freestanding tower survived . The castle was rebuilt in the 1650s as it appears today , a Convent - type building , with four adjoining apartments surrounding a rectangular interior courtyard . In 1798 the tower roof was given a baroque - style spire , and later a lookout post was added . The interior changed somewhat in the 19th century , when many larger interior spaces were walled off into smaller chambers for the prison , and the exterior was painted . In 1997 restoration began . Today , the 1st floor and Tower remain much as they were , while the 3rd has been altered the most . Visitors can climb the tower to the 5th floor for a panoramic view of the city .
Xue Yuan Xue Yuan ( simplified : 学员 , traditional : 學員 ) is an officer cadet within the People ' s Liberation Army . The rank was established in 1988 as part of the revival of the use of rank by the People ' s Liberation Army . No equivalent rank existed in pre - Cultural Revolution system of rank used by the PLA between 1955 and 1965 .
La Posta Mountain Warfare Training Facility La Posta Mountain Warfare Training Facility ( MWTF ) , located at elevation east of San Diego , near the city of Campo , in San Diego County , is a training facility used by the Naval Special Warfare Center . History . The site has a firing range , an administration building , barracks , and a 5 , 000 m length mountain endurance training course . The Navy has operated on the plus acres since the early 1960s , and is seeking to set aside an additional of federal Bureau of Land Management property for the facility . The Mountain Warfare Training Facility served as a satellite tracking station for many years until current technology made the giant tracking dishes obsolete . The property was reconfigured as a training center when the station was shut down in 1986 . Operations . In 1998 , Naval Base Coronado gave permission for the Naval Special Warfare Command to use the site for mountain warfare training of the Naval Special Warfare Group One which trains its SEAL and SDV team s there , and conducts BUD / S classes . The La Posta Navy Mountain Warfare Training Facility plays a critical role in military training because the area ’ s land and terrain closely resemble the environments found in Korea and parts of Iraq and Afghanistan .
HMS Lord Melville ( 1813 ) HMS " Lord Melville " ( also known as HMS " Melville " ) was a schooner of the Royal Navy launched at Kingston on 20 July 1813 . She was altered to 14 - gun brig in 1813 . She served on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812 , was renamed HMS " Star " on 22 January 1814 . By 1815 , she was unfit for anything but transport duties . She was sold in 1837 .
HMS Gurkha ( G63 ) HMS " Gurkha " ( F63 / G63 ) was an L - class destroyer in Britain ' s Royal Navy during World War II . She was originally to be named " Larne " in line with her class letter . However after the was sunk in April 1940 the officers and men of the Gurkha Regiments each subscribed one day ' s pay to replace her and " Larne " was renamed before launching . Her only commanding officer ( Commander C N Lentaigne ) was brother of Joe Lentaigne who was an officer in the 4th ( Prince of Wales ' Own ) Gurkhas . She was laid down on 18 October 1938 , launched on 8 July 1940 by Mary , daughter of Winston Churchill , and completed on 18 February 1941 . She fought at the Lofoten Islands ( 1941 ) , guarded Malta Convoys ( 1941 ) , destroyed the Italian submarine , and guarded United Kingdom to Gibraltar convoys . She was torpedoed by off Sidi Barrani on 17 January 1942 and sank after 90 minutes . The surviving crew members were saved by the Dutch destroyer .
11th Brigade ( Japan ) The is one of six active brigade s of the Japan Ground Self - Defense Force . The brigade is subordinated to the Northern Army and is headquartered in Sapporo , Hokkaidō . Its responsibility is the defense of South Western Hokkaidō . The brigade was formed on 11 March 2008 with units from the disbanded 11th Infantry Division .
HMS Repulse ( 1780 ) HMS " Repulse " was a 64 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 28 November 1780 at East Cowes , on the Isle of Wight . Mutiny at The Nore . At the mutiny at The Nore in 1797 , Repulse made a ' miraculous ' escape from the mutineers reaching shore despite receiving ' as was calculated two hundred shot ' . Its First Lieutenant , Lieutenant T . Frances Douglas , was presented with a commemorative sword inscribed : ‘ PRESENTED by the Committee of Merchants & c OF LONDON to LIEUT . T FRANCIS DOUGLAS for his Spirited and active conduct on board His Majesty ’ s Ship the REPULSE . Ja . s Alms Esq . r Commander during the MUTINY at the NORE in 1797 . Marine Society Office , May 1o 1798 } Hugh Inglis Esq . r Chairman ’ Loss . On 10 March 1800 , having been driven off course by heavy weather , " Repulse " struck a submerged rock and began taking on water . The crew eventually abandoned the ship somewhere in the vicinity of the Glénan islands , from where the majority of the survivors were taken away as prisoners of war . The first lieutenant took a number of men in " Repulse ' s " large cutter , and headed for England instead , arriving at Guernsey on 16 March .
Camp Tarawa Camp Tarawa was a training camp located on the big island of Hawaii constructed and used by the 2nd Marine Division during World War II . The grounds of the camp were situated between the volcanic peaks of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa . Marines were sent straight from the bloodly Battle of Tarawa to the campsite , which they had to build themselves . It was well known for its harsh and dusty conditions by Marines who trained there . After the 2d Marine Division left for Saipan , the 5th Marine Division moved into the base and trained for the Battle of Iwo Jima . The base was closed for good in November 1945 . The base was chosen by Marine commanders because the colder climate was beneficial to Marines still suffering with malaria symptoms from the Guadalcanal Campaign , the nearby Parker Ranges were excellent training areas , the leadership knew that the Marines ' next fight would be in mountainous terrain and the relative isolation of the camp gave the Marines time to adjust to the people of Hawaii after their brutal fight at Tarawa . A small memorial can be viewed by the side of the Māmalahoa Highway at coordinates . It was located on the grounds of Parker Ranch , just outside the town of Waimea . In the 1950s a new training center was located inland and became the Pohakuloa Training Area .
Jujuy Exodus The Jujuy Exodus ( in Spanish , Éxodo Jujeño ) was an episode of the Argentine War of Independence . It was a massive forced displacement of people from the Jujuy Province , under by General Manuel Belgrano , conducted by his patriot forces that were battling a Royalist army . The population was compelled to leave under the threat of execution . Development . During the early 1812 Manuel Belgrano had created the cockade and Flag of Argentina near the city of Rosario , and then received order to move to the north . He would take command of the Army of the North , based in the city of San Salvador de Jujuy . The situation was not favourable : a short time before Juan José Castelli had led the First Alto Perú campaign and , despite an initial advantage and a brief time ruling the Upper Peru , faced a decisive defeat during the Battle of Huaqui . The surviving patriots and remains of the Army had retreated to the south , to Jujuy . They were lacking men , weapons and money , and had to stop a victorious army , better armed and four times bigger . The loyalists , led by General Pío Tristán , were advancing south with 3 , 000 troops from today ' s Bolivia , into the northwest of Argentina ( through Humahuaca ) . The revolutionaries were outnumbered 2 to 1 , demoralized , badly armed , far from the assistance of the central government , and facing an outbreak of malaria without medication . In addition , many of the locals , especially of the higher classes , resented the arrival of forces from Buenos Aires and were ready to defect . Belgrano , faced with the prospect of total defeat and territorial loss , ordered all people to pack their necessities , including food and furniture , and follow him , in carriages or on foot , together with whatever cattle and beasts of burden could endure the journey . The rest ( houses , crops , food stocks , and also any objects made of iron ) was to be burned , so as to deprive the loyalists of resources , following a strict scorched earth policy . On 29 July 1812 Belgrano asked the people of Jujuy to " show their heroism " and join the march of the army under his command " if , as you assure , you want to be free " . The punishment for ignoring the order was execution and the destruction of the defector ' s properties . Belgrano labored to win the support of the populace , and later reported that most of the people had willingly followed him without the need of force . The exodus started on 23 August and gathered people from Jujuy and Salta ; people travelled south about 250 km , finally arriving at the banks of the Pasaje River , in the province of Tucumán , on the early hours of 29 August . The Exodus is commemorated in Jujuy by traditionalist groups with an Evocative March , every 22 August since 1955 . The Jujuy Province is declared honorific capital of Argentina each 23 August since 2002 , by national law 25 . 644 .
USS Whitfield ( AKA - 111 ) USS " Whitfield " ( AKA - 111 ) was an " Andromeda " class attack cargo ship whose construction was cancelled due to the end of World War II . She was named after Whitfield County , Georgia . The ship was scheduled to be built for the U . S . Navy under a Maritime Commission contract ( MC hull 2898 ) by the Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Co . , of Kearny , N . J . However , due to the end of the war in the Pacific , the contract for her construction was cancelled on 27 August 1945 before her keel was laid down .
William Kinsey Bolton Lieutenant Colonel William Kinsey Bolton CBE VD ( 2 November 1861 – 8 September 1941 ) was the commanding officer of the Australian 8th Battalion AIF during World War I for the landings at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 . He was the inaugural National President of the Returned and Services League of Australia ( RSL ) 1916 - 19 . He was a Nationalist Senator from Victoria from 1917 to 1923 . Volume I – The Story of ANZAC from the outbreak of war to the end of the first phase of the Gallipoli Campaign , 4 May 1915 ( 11th edition , 1941 ) Sources . C E W Bean Volume I – The Story of ANZAC from the outbreak of war to the end of the first phase of the Gallipoli Campaign , 4 May 1915 ( 11th edition , 1941 ) C E W Bean