naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Walter V , Count of Brienne Gautier or Walter V of Brienne ( – 15 March 1311 ) was born in Brienne - le - Château , Aube , Champagne , France . He was the son of Hugh , Count of Brienne and Lecce , and Isabella de la Roche , daughter of Guy I de la Roche , Duke of Athens . He was the heir of the Brienne claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem and of Cyprus , as well as to Taranto and Sicily . Walter spent his youth as a hostage in Sicily , in the castle of Agosta . On the death of his father Hugh in 1296 , Walter inherited the titles of Count of Brienne , Conversano and Lecce . Like his father , he took up arms in the service of Naples , but was captured in an ambush at Gagliano in 1300 . He was freed in 1302 with the signing of the Treaty of Caltabellotta . The death of his mother ' s first cousin , Guy II of la Roche , in 1308 brought him the Duchy of Athens . There he found himself hard pressed by the Despot of Epirus , the Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos and the Lord of Vlachia ( Thessaly ) , John II Doukas . In 1310 , he hired the Catalan Company , then ravaging the Byzantine Empire , to fight the Byzantine Greeks encroaching on his territory . After the Company had successfully reduced his enemies , he attempted to expel the Company from Athens with their pay in arrears . The Company refusing this , Walter marched out with a strong force of French knights from Athens , the Morea and Naples and Greek foot from Athens . Walter ' s army met the Catalans at the Battle of Halmyros on the river Cephissus in Boeotia on 15 March 1311 . The Catalans won a devastating victory , killing Walter and almost all of his cavalry , and seizing his Duchy of Athens , excepting only the Lordship of Argos and Nauplia . The Catalan Company nominated one of the surviving knights , Roger Deslaur , as their leader and new Duke of Athens by conquest . In the year 1306 he married Jeanne de Châtillon and had two children :
Undeclared war An undeclared war is a military conflict between two or more nations without either side issuing a formal declaration of war . The term is sometimes used to include any disagreement or conflict fought about without an official declaration . Since the United Nations " police action " in Korea , a number of democratic governments have pursued disciplinary actions and limited warfare by characterizing them as something else , such as a " military action " or " armed response . " The United States has not formally declared war since World War II . Most notably , the United States never officially declared war during its more than decade - long involvement in Vietnam ; the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorized the escalation of the Vietnam War without a declaration of war . Nations such as France , which had extensive colonies in which its military provided order , continued to intervene in their former colonies ' affairs as police actions , since they could no longer be deemed internal conflicts . Conducting military actions without declaring war may offer a way to circumvent constitutional requirements for declarations of war and avoid being bound by the established laws of war . Examples . Historical examples include the Quasi - War between the United States and France between 1798 and 1800 , the Indian Wars of the American Old West , Anglo - Zulu War and the 1982 Falklands War between Great Britain and Argentina . The Quasi - War was a conflict between the France and the United States after the French Revolution . Once the new French Republic leadership was in place , the Americans stopped repaying their debt to France with the justification that it was owed to the monarchy of France and not the Republic . In response , France attacked U . S . trade ships , leading to the Quasi - War , which began on July 7 , 1798 United States . The United States Constitution says " Congress shall have the power to . . . declare War , . . . " , but does not define the form such declarations will take . Therefore , some have argued that congressionally passed authorizations to use military force are in fact declarations of war . This was supported by the War Powers Resolution of 1973 ( 50 U . S . C . A . § § 1541 et seq . ) which requires the president to consult with Congress before introducing armed forces into hostilities .
Spanish ship Santísima Trinidad ( 1751 ) The Santísima Trinidad was a galleon destined for merchant shipping between the Philippines and México . She was one of the largest of the Manila galleon s ; officially named " Santísima Trinidad y Nuestra Señora del Buen Fin " , and was familiarly known as " The Mighty " ( ) . She is not to be confused with the " Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad " , the biggest warship in the world in its time , which sank at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 . Career . She was 51 , 1m long , 15 , 4m across the beam and drew 9 , 3m and displaced 2 , 000 tons . Armed with 70 guns , she was laid in Manila in 1750 under orders from the Governor - General of the Philippines Don Francisco José de Ovando , 1st Marquis of Brindisi . Her large volume and some construction errors made a transformation necessary in 1757 to reduce her displacement . Capture . In August 1762 she departed from Cavite towards Acapulco , but due to bad winds and a typhoon in the night of October 2 which brought down two masts , the captain decided to return to the Philippines . He was unaware that Manila had fallen into British hands after the Battle of Manila . The ship was intercepted by HMS " Panther " under captain Hyde Parker and the frigate HMS " Argo " under Richard King . " Panther " opened fire , but did little damage to her thick wooden hull and caused few casualties . Nevertheless the disheartened crew of the " Santísima Trinidad " decided to surrender . On board was a treasure to the value of two million dollars . The ship was taken to Portsmouth , where her sale earned the two captains 30 , 000 pounds , a fortune at that time . It is not known what happened to the ship after the sale but she was probably scrapped .
Admiral Grigorovich - class frigate The " Admiral Grigorovich " class is the latest class of frigates ordered by the Russian Navy for the Black Sea Fleet . Three ships have been ordered so far to be built by the " Yantar " shipyard in Kaliningrad . The frigates are based on the " Talwar " - class frigate , six of which were ordered by the Indian Navy and were built at the same shipyard . The " Talwar " class is in turn based on the " Burevestnik " - class frigates . The contract for the construction of three frigates is to be completed in four years . The lead ship , " Admiral Grigorovich " was laid down on December 18 , 2010 and is expected to be in service 34 months from that date ( Oct 2013 ) . In June 2011 , it was reported that a total of six ships will be constructed , though no official announcement was made .
Wharton Barker Wharton Barker ( May 1 , 1846 – April 9 , 1921 ) was an American financier and publicist , born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1866 , but prior to this time had organized and commanded a company in the Civil War . As a member of the banking firm of Barker Bros . & Co . , he was appointed ( 1878 ) special financial agent of the Russian government . In this capacity he was entrusted with the building of four cruiser s and was called to Russia to advise in the development of coal and iron mines . He also obtained valuable railroad , telegraph , and telephone concessions ( later withdrawn ) from China . As early as 1869 he founded the " Penn Monthly , " a weekly devoted to political , economic , and social questions , which in 1880 - 1900 was published under the name " The American " . In the field of politics , Mr . Barker became known as the proposer for the presidency of the names of Garfield and Harrison , and as one of the chief opponents of a third term for Grant . Having left the Republican Party in 1896 to join the Populists , he showed himself so zealous that he was made their candidate for the presidency in 1900 four years prior to the candidacy of Thomas E . Watson . He became a member of several learned societies . Barker died at age 74 .
Dekoratie voor Trouwe Dienst The Dekoratie voor Trouwe Dienst ( " Decoration for Devoted Service " ) was a South African military decoration . It was authorised on 21 December 1920 , as a retrospective award for Boer veterans of the Anglo - Boer War ( 1899 – 1902 ) . The DTD was granted , on application , to veterans who had rendered distinguished and especially meritorious service as officers in the Boer forces , and was equivalent to the British Distinguished Service Order . Neither of the Boer republics ( the Orange Free State and the South African Republic ) had had official honours systems of their own . The DTD was created to give the Boer veterans parity with their fellow - South Africans who had fought on the British side in the war . The DTD is a silver medal . Both sides depict a cross , encircled by the words " Voor Trouwe Dienst 1899 – 1902 " . One side has the arms of the SAR in the centre of the cross , and the other side has the OFS arms . This enabled each recipient to wear the medal so as to display the arms of the state for which he had fought . The ribbon , as worn by an SAR veteran , is red , green , blue , yellow , and white . An OFS veteran would have reversed the ribbon so that the white stripe was on the left . Nearly 600 decorations were awarded .
Franco - Trarzan War of 1825 The Franco - Trarzan War of 1833 - 1835 was a conflict between the forces of the new amir of Trarza , Muhammad al Habib , and France , ruled at the time by Charles X and the ultra comte de Villèle . In 1833 , Muhammad attempted to establish control over the French - protected Waalo Kingdom , then located south of the Senegal River , by marrying the heiress to the kingdom . The French responded by sending a large expeditionary force that crushed Muhammad ' s army . The war incited the French to expand to the north of the Senegal River .
Ernesto Horacio Crespo Ernesto Horacio Crespo is an Argentine retired Brigadier General and former Chief of Staff of the Argentine Air Force . In 1982 , Crespo , who was the commander of the Fourth Air Force Brigade at the time , was commanded to create , deploy , and command the " Fuerza Aérea Sur " ( ) ; the military organization that would control both Air Force and Argentine Navy air units that would later take part in the Falklands War ( ) . From 1985 to 1989 he acted as Chief of Staff of the Air Force under presidency of Raúl Alfonsín . During the " Carapintadas " conflict within the Argentine Army , the Air Force under his command , stood in defence of the democratic government . During his mandate , the Argentinian Air Force developed the Condor missile , which was later discontinued in the early 1990s during the Carlos Menem presidency because of political pressure from the United States .
Bernhard Kranz Bernhard Kranz ( 26 December 1913 – 26 February 2005 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . He was also awarded the very rare Close Combat Clasp in Gold one of only 631 awards .
Gene Levitt Eugene Levitt ( May 28 , 1920 , New York City , New York – November 15 , 1999 , Los Angeles , California ) was an American television writer , producer and director . Levitt ' s parents were Charles and Teresa Levitt . He had an older sister , Betty Ruth . His mother died when Gene was about 12 years old . His father subsequently married Ida . Gene ' s first great adventure was traveling to the West to attend the University of Wyoming . Following graduation he moved to Chicago where he worked as a newspaper reporter until enlisting in the United States Marine Corps . Levitt was a writer for many television series in the 1950s and 1960s , including Highway Patrol , Maverick , Adventures in Paradise and Combat ! . He moved to directing in the 1970s , working on series such as Alias Smith and Jones and McCloud . His most significant achievement was the creation of the television series " Fantasy Island . "
82d Expeditionary Air Support Operations Squadron The United States Air Force ' s 82d Expeditionary Air Support Operations Squadron ( 82 EASOS ) is a combat support unit located at an undisclosed location in the Middle East . The 82 EASOS provides Tactical Command and Control of air power assets for the Joint Forces Air Component Commander for combat operations . Lineage . Constituted as 82d Tactical Control Flight on 24 Jun 1969 . Activated on 25 Jun 1969 . Inactivated on 31 Mar 1988 . Redesignated as 82d Expeditionary Air Support Operations Squadron , and converted to provisional status , on 12 Feb 2009 .
Schelmentoren The Schelmentoren in Heerlen is a Medieval Building that has served as a defendable living tower for the Here van Are ( sometimes called the counts van Ahr - Hochstaden ) and their successors . As part of the Landsfort Herle , it served as a prison tower . It is believed to be built on command of Theoderich van Are . What is certain is that the building existed in the 12th century . Name . Although now known as the Schelmentoren , it has had many names ( Bickelstein ( or Bickersteyntoren ) ) . In the year 1225 it was part of landsfort Herle ( sometimes referred to as Castrum )
Medium - range ballistic missile A medium - range ballistic missile ( MRBM ) is a type of ballistic missile with medium range , this last classification depending on the standards of certain organizations . Within the U . S . Department of Defense , a medium range missile is defined by having a maximum range of between 1 , 000 and 3 , 000 km . In modern terminology , MRBMs are part of the wider grouping of theatre ballistic missile s , which includes any ballistic missile with a range of less than 3 , 500 km .
Reifenstein Castle Reifenstein Castle ( German : " Burg Reifenstein " , Italian : " Castel Tasso " ) is a castle in Freienfeld , near Sterzing , in South Tyrol ( northern Italy ) . It is located near a dried marsh , in the valley of the Eisack . History . The castle is mentioned for the first time in the 12th century , and was modified in the 14th century . It is a property of the Thurn und Taxis counts . It is famous for the decorated " Green Hall " with Gothic paintings and a woodcarved chapel - door , the " stubes " and the collection of armors . The castle also contains an original kitchen , bathroom and medieval sleeping bunks . One of its owners included William P . Carr , who bought the castle a bit before the second world war . At that time , his last name was Reifenstein , but before he went to war he changed his name to Carr .
PLA National Defence University The PLA National Defence University ( ) is a state university administered by the PLA . It is the top university for military education in China . The university is located in Beijing under the leadership of PLA Central Committee . The current President of the university is Prof . Lt . Gen Wang Xibin . It was formed in 1985 with the merger of parts of the PLA Military Academy , the PLA Political Academy , and the PLA Logistics Academy . It is claimed to be " China ' s equivalent to West Point . " The university also host guest speakers from other countries . Kevin Rudd made a speech on Towards new type of great power here in March 28 , 2013 .
Oda Nobuhiro As Nobuhide ' s illegitimate son , Nobuhiro ' s power would slowly fade and always be looked down upon by his younger brother Nobunaga and even by many of his own retainers . Afterwards , Nobuhiro was forced to step down as the head of the Oda to allow Nobunaga to be the new head . Later on , Nobuhiro plotted against Nobunaga with the assistance of Saitō Yoshitatsu . Their scheme was uncovered before any damage was brought upon anyone , and Nobunaga forgave Nobuhiro . Nobuhiro ended up getting killed later on the 13th of October fighting the Nagashima monto .
Naval Flight Officer insignia The Naval Flight Officer insignia is a breast insignia of the United States military which is awarded to those aviators of the Navy , Marine Corps and Coast Guard who have qualified as Naval Flight Officer s ( NFO ) based on successful completion of flight training . The insignia is similar in design to the Naval Aviator insignia , consisting of a pair of golden wings , a shield , and crossed anchors . The Naval Flight Officer insignia is identical for both branches and is awarded in a single degree . To qualify for the NFO insignia , a service member must have completed officer aviation training and be qualified as a systems operator on board a Naval aircraft . Such qualifications include weapons system operations , airborne tactical data system operations , electronic warfare , and airborne navigation . The insignia originated in the 1930s and evolved from the Naval Aviation Observer insignia . The main reason for creating the NFO insignia in 1965 - 1966 was to recognize the higher degree of training required for naval flight officers , compared to other airborne support personnel . In the modern space age , the insignia is also upgradeable to a variation of the Naval Aviator Astronaut insignia . Known as the Naval Flight Officer Astronaut insignia , the decoration is a standard NFO insignia upon which is centered a golden astronaut " shooting star " logo . The badge is issued for those Naval Flight Officers who have completed astronaut training at NASA and have subsequently participated in a space flight more than 50 miles above the Earth . The United States Coast Guard equivalent of the Naval Flight Officer insignia is known as the Coast Guard Flight Officer Badge and while identical to NFO wings , is no longer issued .
HMS Triumph ( 1698 ) HMS " Triumph was a 90 - gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched at Chatham Dockyard in 1698 . She was renamed HMS " Prince in 1714 . On 13 December 1742 " Prince " was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt at Chatham , according to the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment . She was relaunched on 8 August 1750 . " Prince " continued to serve until 1773 , when she was broken up .
Islamic Amal Islamic Amal ( in Arabic أمل الإسلامية ) was a Lebanese Shia military movement based in Baalbek in the Beqaa Valley , Islamic Amal was led by Husayn Al - Musawi , who was also a leading figure in Hizballah ( also known as Hezbollah ) . The movement got its start in June 1982 when Nabih Berri , the head of Amal , agreed to participate in the Salvation Committee , a body set up by President Elias Sarkis following the Israeli invasion . The committee included Bachir Gemayel , the Maronite commander of the Lebanese Forces . Musawi considered Berri ' s actions " treasonous " and Amal ' s orientation too secular . In response , Musawi broke from Amal and set up his own faction , which observers believed was organized primarily along family lines . Islamic Amal was backed by officials in the Iranian government , and it coordinated with units of Iran ' s ( Pasdaran ) Revolutionary Guards stationed around Baalbek . Even so , in 1986 , when Iranian officials pressured Musawi to dissolve his organization , he refused . He agreed , however , to remain part of Hezbollah , and he reportedly served as a member of its Consultative Council . Press reports linked Islamic Amal , like Hezbollah , to anti - Western violence in Lebanon . Although Musawi ' s rhetoric was vehemently anti - Western , as of late 1987 he had not claimed any violence in the name of Islamic Amal .
Fort Dayton Fort Dayton was an American Revolutionary War fort located on the North side of the Mohawk River at West Canada Creek in what is now Herkimer , New York . A fort had previously been built on the same site during the French and Indian War . American Revolutionary War . When the American Revolutionary War started , the fort was described as " little better than a dilapidated block - house " . It was rebuilt under the supervision of Colonel Elias Dayton of the 3rd New Jersey Regiment on the orders of General Philip Schuyler in the autumn of 1776 . It was a wooden and earthen fortress which enclosed the stone church and other buildings located on the highest ground in the village , once known as " Stone Ridge " . There also was a blockhouse constructed on the hill overlooking Fort Dayton . On August 4 , 1777 , General Nicholas Herkimer assembled about 900 troops of the Tryon County militia at Fort Dayton for their march to support Colonel Peter Gansevoort at Fort Stanwix , which was under siege by Barry St . Leger ' s British and Indian forces . Herkimer ' s troops , consisting mainly of Palatine German settlers , followed the north shore of the Mohawk River , and camped the first night west of Sterling ( Staring ) Creek . On August 6 , Herkimer ' s troops were ambushed in a small ravine by St . Leger ' s British , Tory , and Indian forces . General Herkimer himself was wounded , but continued to lead his men in what became known as the Battle of Oriskany . General Herkimer died from his wounds on August 17 , at his home near the present day Town of Danube . On February 18 , 1779 Henry William Dwight wrote to his brother that ' the people here are scandalously neglected , both with regard to troops and provisions . ' He complained of ' no flour and little beef ' . ( Sedgwick Papers ) Fort Dayton was attacked multiple times including the Attack on German Flatts ( 1778 ) . Fort Dayton was also a base for soldiers aiding Johann Christian Schell after his stand at Schell ' s Bush and for pursuing Tory leader Walter Butler and his troops . After the destruction of Fort Stanwix in 1781 it was the western most fort in the Mohawk valley , and was besieged by Mohawk leader Joseph Brant in 1782 . After the war . In July 1783 General George Washington toured Fort Dayton , when he visited the Mohawk Valley on an inspection tour . The fort was eventually abandoned , and was razed in 1832 to make way for the Erie Canal . A memorial marker of the site of Fort Dayton can be found at the Historic Four Corners intersection on North Main Street in Herkimer . The 1778 attack and the 1782 siege are represented in the historical novel " Drums Along the Mohawk " and the ' based upon the book ' movie of 1939 .
VMF - 911 Marine Fighter Squadron 911 ( VMF - 911 ) was an aircraft squadron of the United States Marine Corps during World War II . Known as the “ Devilcats ” , it served as a training squadron during the war , and was deactivated in early 1946 . History . World War II . VMF - 911 was formed on June 25 , 1944 , at Marine Corps Auxiliary Airfield Kinston , North Carolina , under Major James B . Moore . Initial training was on the F4U Corsair but 911 transitioned to the F7F Tigercat in February 1945 , the second Marine Corps squadron to receive the twin - engine Grumman ( after VMFN - 531 ; see Location and Allowance of US Naval Aircraft , 13 February 1945 ) . In mid - August 1945 , led by Major Robert T . Kingsbury , 911 was sent to Marine Corps Air Station Miramar , California from which it was to deploy to Okinawa , Japan to support Operation Downfall the planned invasion of Japan . Following Japan ' s surrender , VMF - 911 aviators , aircraft , and a small number of ground personnel deployed from Miramar to Okinawa . Upon arrival , the squadron ’ s assets and personnel were absorbed by VMF - 312 and remained so until their return to the United States in February 1946 . During its time overseas , VMF - 312 adopted the Devilcat insignia and nickname . The squadron was disestablished on March 15 , 1946 .
Georg Olschewski Georg Olschewski ( 2 June 1911 , Horstmar , Westphalia – 29 September 1996 , Immenstadt ) was a German chief engineer on a U - boat in World War II and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .