naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
548th Combat Training Squadron The 548th Combat Training Squadron is a United States Air Force squadron assigned to the 57th Operations Group at Fort Polk , Louisiana . Overview . The 548th Combat Training Squadron provides Air Combat Command - directed support to the U . S . Army ’ s Joint Readiness Training Center located at Fort Polk , Louisiana . The 548th CTS accomplishes air liaison duties for the JRTC commander , exercises operational control of deployed fighter units to Barksdale , provides deployed unit maintenance and munitions support , schedules and controls exercise airspace , controls close air support missions , builds exercise scenarios , provides observers and controllers to evaluate tactical air control operations and replicates Air Force command and control from division through Joint Task Force level . The 548th CTS serves as host to active Air Force , Air National Guard , Air Force Reserve , Marine and Navy units in stressful , realistic combined arms training for both Army and Air Force contingency forces under conditions of low - to mid - intensity conflicts . Squadron members assist in the planning of Air Force operational support and participation in each exercise . The Air Force supports deployments of personnel and equipment with strategic airlift and sustainment of forces in their operational area by theater airlift . Tactical aircraft provide the close air support to the Army contingent on the ground . Important to maintaining the ability to fight and win is tough , demanding force - on - force training . The events occurring in Iraq , Bosnia and Afghanistan is representative of the kind of realistic training experience our combat units receive , and it ’ s what the 548th CTS and the JRTC are all about . History . During World War II , the 548th Night Fighter Squadron served with Seventh Air Force in the Pacific Theater . The 548th was the first night - fighter squadron to arrive on Iwo Jima ( on D + 8 ) , where it flew combat for several months . It eventually moved to the island of Ie Shima just 3 miles off the coast of Okinawa , where it finished out the war doing night penetration raids and weather observations to support the B - 29 fleet bombing the Japanese home islands . The 548th was reactivated ( same insignia : the cat ' s name is " Skopie " as in " radar - scope " ) in 1969 as the 548th Combat Training Squadron ( 548th CTS ) , Provided special operations training to USAF and Vietnamese aircrews , October 1969 – July 1973 . Controlled multi - service close air support and forward air control aircraft and tactical air control assets in realistic combat exercises with the US Army Joint Readiness Training Center , July 1994 – September 1997
7th Indiana Infantry Regiment The 7th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment from the State of Indiana that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 7th Indiana Volunteer Infantry was organized at Indianapolis , Indiana between April 21 and April 27 , 1861 . The Regiment was sent to Grafton , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) on May 30 , 1861 and participated in the Battle of Philippi , one of the first land battles of the Civil War , on June 3 , 1861 . As part of Brigadier General Thomas A . Morris ' Indiana Brigade ( of Major General George B . McClellan ' s Army of West Virginia ) , the 7th Indiana participated in the Rich Mountain Campaign from July 6 to 17 . The regiment saw action at Laurel Hill ( July 7 ) , Belington ( July 8 ) , the Battle of Corrick ' s Ford ( July 12 – 14 ) , and in the pursuit of Brig . Gen . Robert S . Garnett ' s forces ( July 15 – 17 ) . The regiment was mustered out of service on August 2 , 1861 . A new 7th Indiana was organized from the three - month regiment at Indianapolis , Indiana on September 13 , 1861 . The regiment mustered out of service on September 20 , 1864 . Men who re - enlisted , and those still with unexpired service , were transferred to the 19th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment . Total strength and casualties . The three - month regiment suffered one enlisted man killed in battle and two enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of three fatalities . The re - mustered regiment suffered 8 officers and 108 enlisted men killed in action or died of wounds and 2 officers and 111 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 229 fatalities .
German submarine U - 360 German submarine " U - 360 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out five patrols before being sunk in the Norwegian Sea by a British warship in April 1944 . She was a member of five wolfpack s . She damaged one ship and one warship . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 9 August 1941 at the " Flensburger Schiffsbau " yard at Flensburg as ' werk ' 479 , launched on 28 July 1942 and commissioned on 12 November under the command of " Oberleutnant " Hans - Jügen Bühring . She served with the 5th U - boat Flotilla from 12 November 1942 and the 13th flotilla from 1 July 1943 . 1st patrol . The boat ' s first patrol was preceded by trips from Kiel in Germany to Bergen and then Narvik in Norway , from where she departed on 16 August 1943 . She sailed southwest of Svalbard and west of Bear Island . She docked in Hammerfest on 24 September . 2nd and 3rd patrols . Her second foray was a repeat of her first - finishing in Narvik on 19 November 1943 . The submarine ' s third patrol took her around Bear Island . 4th patrol . Sortie number four saw the boat damaging HMS " Obdurate " southeast of Bear Island on 25 January 1944 . She also damaged the " Fort Bellingham " the next day . This ship was subsequently sunk by " U - 957 " . 5th patrol and loss . Having moved from Hammerfest to Trondheim , " U - 360 " started her fifth patrol on 29 March 1944 . On 2 April , she was sunk southwest of Bear Island by depth charge s from the British destroyer HMS " Keppel " . 51 men died in the U - boat ; there were no survivors .
Burg Rheinstein The Burg Rheinstein is a castle near the town of Trechtingshausen in Rhineland - Palatinate , Germany . History . The castle was constructed in about 1316 / 1317 . Rheinstein Castle was important for its strategic location . By 1344 , the castle was in decline . By the time of the Palatine war of succession , the castle was very dilapidated . During the romantic period in the 19th century , Prince Frederick of Prussia ( 1794 – 1863 ) bought the castle and it was rebuilt . Chronology . From the 14th – 17th centuries , the castle of the archbishops of Mainz awarded as fief : owners and feudal lords were among others : 1323 – Matthias , Count of Bucheck , Archbishop of Maniz 1348 – Kuno of Falkenstein , Archbishop of Mainz 1409 – Johann von Nassau mortgaged the Privy Selheim with Johann von Königstein . Sometimes also hold the archbishops of Mainz , in its secular status as Elector of the Holy Roman Empire here . 1459 – Diether von Isenburg , Elector and Archbishop of Mainz , mortgaged the castle with the village Assmannshausen ( which is close to the castle on the opposite bank of Rhine ) to Domscholasten Volpert by Drs 1572 – The castle is associated with all the goods and the Mainz Domkustos by Treasurer Anton Wiltberg over . It may , however , not economically castle keep . By and by forfeit , but remains to the death of Wiltbergs his residence . 1779 – The ruins found in Privy J . v . Eys a new owner . The divested the walls for four Laubtaler to the Regierungsrat H . v . Goll . 1823 – On 31 March 1823 , bought Prince Frederick of Prussia , the castle ruins and the rocks . The prince was a nephew of King Frederick William III and Queen Luise . 1825 – 1829 – was the reconstruction under the leadership of the famous castle builder of Claudius Lassaulx whose mission from 1827 – his pupil Wilhelm Kuhn continues and Burgbau completed . Prince Frederick called the castle as " Rheinstein " because of its impressive Felslage directly above the stream . 1842 – Rheinstein Castle , the favorite residence of Prince Frederick . Many crowned heads of that time were guests at the castle , etc . Queen Victoria , Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia and many others . According to his ideas is the Prince Frederick Wiesbadener Building Ph . Hoffmann , a plan for a chapel , with burial design . Just two years later , the neo - Gothic chapel with a worthy tomb for the family privy prinzliche . 1863 – After the death of the prince inherits his son , Prince George of Prussia , Rheinstein . 1902 – Prince Henry of Prussia , a brother of Kaiser William II , now inherits the castle . 1929 – in this year , the wife of Prince Henry , Irene of Hesse and by Rhine , the owner . 1953 – The last owner of the German nobility is the Princess Barbara of Hesse and by Rhine , the Duchess of Mecklenburg . 1975 – The castle is in private possession of the Hecher family
Battle of the Alte Veste The Battle of the Alte Veste was a significant battle of the Thirty Years ' War . In the late summer of 1632 the army of Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus had been besieged by Albrecht von Wallenstein at Nürnberg . The successes of Gustavus Adolphus over General Tilly forced Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II to recall Albrecht von Wallenstein into military service from retirement . Wallenstein was unmatched in his ability to raise troops within a few weeks and with fresh army he took to the field . The Imperial Army ' s ranks swelled as Wallenstein moved to trap the Swedes at their stronghold of Nürnberg . Repeatedly Gustav Adolf formed for battle and challenged Wallenstein to come out of his fortified camp , but he refused . As the supply situation worsened , the impetuous King attacked the Imperial camp at the Alte Veste " Old Fortress " — a derelict castle atop a wooded hill that would then allow the Swedish guns to dominate the Imperial camp . The Imperials were prepared with trenches and an abatis that stymied the Swedish advance . When the vaunted brigades faltered , much of the cavalry was sent in dismounted . Wallenstein saw an opportunity to strike a blow and sallied his cavalry and cut down many of the exhausted troops . Only the Swedish cavalry reserve was able to avert a complete disaster . The Swedes had been defeated . Commander of Swedish artillery Lennart Torstenson was taken prisoner and locked up for nearly a year at Ingolstadt . Gustav Adolf received reinforcements days later and Wallenstein left camp and moved north .
USS Barracuda ( SSK - 1 ) USS " Barracuda " ( SSK - 1 / SST - 3 / SS - 550 ) , the lead ship of her class , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the barracuda , a voracious , pike - like fish . Her keel was laid down on 1 July 1949 by the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton , Connecticut . She was launched on 2 March 1951 as " K - 1 " sponsored by Mrs . Willis Manning Thomas , and commissioned on 10 November 1951 with Lieutenant Commander F . A . Andrews in command . Notably , United States President Jimmy Carter served as an officer on the SSK - 1 during its first year of active duty . The three SSK boats , " Barracuda " ( SSK - 1 ) , " Bass " ( SSK - 2 ) , and " Bonita " ( SSK - 3 ) , were equipped with the large BQR - 4 bow - mounted sonar array as part of Project Kayo , which experimented the use of passive acoustics with low - frequency , bow sonar arrays . When the boat was rigged for silent running , these arrays gave greatly improved convergence zone detection ranges against snorkeling submarines . The SSKs themselves were limited in their anti - submarine warfare abilities by their low speed and their need to snorkel periodically , but the advances in sonar technology they pioneered were invaluable to later nuclear - powered submarines . " Barracuda " joined Submarine Development Group 2 , which was stationed at her home port at New London , Connecticut . She cruised along the Atlantic coast of the United States and Canada , in the Caribbean Sea , and made a voyage to Greenock and Rothesay , Scotland , in June 1955 . On 16 December 1956 her name was changed from " K - 1 " to " Barracuda " ( SSK - 1 ) . During intervals between and after these cruises , " Barracuda " operated along the eastern seaboard carrying out training and experimental exercises . Redesignation and Decommissioning . " Barracuda " was redesignated SST - 3 on 3 July 1959 . On 15 August 1959 she was re - redesignated SS - 550 , the same day she was decommissioned . She was scrapped between 8 April and 8 July 1974 near Charleston , South Carolina , possibly at the Braswell Shipyards .
William Sutton ( VC ) William Sutton VC ( 1830 – 16 February 1888 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Sutton was about 27 years old , and a bugler in the 1st Battalion , 60th Rifles ( later The King ' s Royal Rifle Corps ) , British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 13 September 1857 at Delhi , India for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross . The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum in Winchester , England .
Operation Karbala 10 Operation Karbala Ten was a joint effort by Iran and the Kurdish rebels in Iraq . Because there was hardly any movement anymore at the southern front , the Iranians thought they could better break through in the Northern front in Kurdish Iraq . They broke through the Iraqi defense lines and surrounded the garrison at Mawat . Though endangering the Iraqi oil fields of Kirkuk and the pipeline to Turkey the Iranians didn ' t get much further than this . In April 1986 , some 2 , 000 Kurdish Peshmerga held the city of Sulaymaniyah prior to the arrival of Iranian forces which took control of the city .
German submarine U - 119 ( 1942 ) German submarine " U - 119 " was a Type XB minelaying U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down at the " Germaniawerft " in Kiel on 15 May 1940 as ' werk ' 624 . She was launched on 6 January 1942 and commissioned under " Kapitänleutnant " Alois Zech on 2 April 1942 , he was replaced by " Kptlt " Horst - Tessen von Kameke on 1 February 1943 , who remained in command until her loss . " U - 119 " s service career began with the 4th U - boat Flotilla on 2 April 1942 where she underwent training . She was declared operational on 1 February 1943 when she moved over to the 12th flotilla . Operational career . The boat made a short run from Kiel to Frederikshaven in Denmark and back between 4 August 1942 and the 10th . 1st patrol . Her first patrol commenced with her departure from Kiel on 6 February 1943 . She crossed the North Sea and skirted the northern coast of Iceland , arriving at Bordeaux in occupied France on 1 April . 2nd patrol and loss . " U - 119 " was unsuccessfully attacked on 29 April 1943 by a Short Sunderland flying boat of 461 Squadron RAAF ( Royal Australian Air Force ) . The boat sustained no damage but one man was killed . < br > She sank the " Halma " on 3 June east of Halifax , Nova Scotia and damaged the " John A . Poor " on 27 July . Both ships were attacked with mines laid by " U - 119 " on 1 June . " U - 119 " was sunk by a combination of depth charge s , gunfire and ramming from HMS " Starling " on 24 June 1943 .
John F . Mulholland , Jr . Lieutenant General John F . Mulholland , Jr . ( born c . 1955 ) is the current Deputy Commander of United States Special Operations Command . Early life . Born in Clovis , New Mexico , Mulholland grew up in Bethesda , Maryland . He graduated from Furman University in 1978 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in history . Military career . Mulholland was commissioned into active duty as a second lieutenant through the Reserve Officers ' Training Corps in 1978 and was posted with the 193rd Infantry Brigade in the Panama Canal Zone . He was then moved into Special Forces after graduating the Special Forces Qualification Course at Fort Bragg , NC and joined the 5th Special Forces Group . He remained in the 5th Special Forces Group , where he served as ODA , Company , Battalion / Squadron and Group commander within the Special Forces . In 2001 at the beginning of the War on Terror Mulholland became commander of Task Force Dagger part of Joint Special Operations Task Force North during Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan . In August 2003 , he was re - assigned to chief of the Office of Military Cooperation in Kuwait . Afterwards served as the commander of Coalition - Joint Task Force West and then Coalition - Joint Task Force - Arabian Peninsula during Operation Iraqi Freedom . He was then promoted to commander of U . S . Army Special Forces Command from August 2005 until July 2006 . From August 2006 until June 2007 he was the Deputy Commander of Joint Special Operations Command at Fort Bragg , NC . On June 22 , 2007 he assumed command of Special Operations Command Central ( SOCCENT ) at MacDill AFB , FL . He then served four years as the commander of United States Army Special Operations Command from November 7 , 2008 until July 24 , 2012 . Date of Rank . Furman University ROTC Cadet – Class of 1979 Awards , Decorations , and Badges . He also awarded nineteen Silver Star Medal s to members of the 3rd Special Forces Group as a result of an operation in Afghanistan . He is quoted as saying " “ If you saw it in a movie , you ’ d shake your head and say it couldn ' t happen , ” in reference to their actions . In recognition of his distinguished service to his country , Mulholland received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 2011 .
Ferdinand of Majorca Ferdinand of Majorca ( ) ( 1278 – July 5 , 1316 ) , Infante of Majorca , was the third son of James II of Majorca , Viscount of Aumelas and Lord of Frontignan . He was sent by Frederick III of Sicily to take command of the Catalan Company in Frederick ' s name , but was rebuffed by Bernat de Rocefort , one of their leaders . On his return with the chronicler Ramón Muntaner , he was captured by the Venetians at Negroponte . He had been released by 1310 , when he distinguished himself at the siege of Almería by killing the son of the King of Guadix . In 1313 , he returned to Sicily to take part in the war then in hand with the Angevins and was created Lord of Catania . Margaret of Villehardouin was then in Sicily , seeking to advance her claim to the Principality of Achaea . She gave her daughter Isabelle de Sabran to Ferdinand in marriage and resigned Mategrifon and her claim on Achaea to the couple , who were married in Messina . Margaret died in March 1315 in her castle of Akova in the Morea , and her daughter on May 7 , 1315 in Catania , shortly after bearing a son , James III of Majorca . Shortly after her death , Ferdinand set out with a small company for the Morea to uphold the claim now held by his son . He seized Clarenza in June 1315 and briefly took control of the Morea . In the autumn of 1315 he took a second wife , Isabella of Ibelin , daughter of the Seneschal of Cyprus . However , his rival claimant Matilda of Hainaut , and her husband Louis of Burgundy returned to the Morea in the spring of 1316 with Venetian aid . Ferdinand ' s expected aid from Majorca and Sicily was tardy , as was that of the Catalan Company from Athens . Facing superior numbers , he was killed at the Battle of Manolada on July 5 , 1316 . He was succeeded as heir presumptive of Majorca by his elder son , James , and as Viscount of Aumelas by his posthumous son Ferdinand .
Jerry R . Rutherford Jerry Rex Rutherford retired as a Lieutenant General in the United States Army , where he served as Commander of V Corps . Eary Life . Jerry Rutherford is a native of Joplin , Missouri . He graduated from Pittsburg State University in 1962 with a BA in Journalism . While at Pittsburg State , Rutherford also joined Tau Kappa Epsilon . Military career . After graduation , Rutherford was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army . Rutherford was promoted to Brigadier General in 1988 , while serving as Assistant Division Commander of the 1st Infantry Division ( Mechanized ) at Fort Riley , Kansas . From 1989 to 1991 he served as Commander of the 2d Armored Division ( Forward ) of the United States Army Europe and Seventh Army , Germany . In 1991 he served as Assistant Division Commander ( Support ) of 1st Infantry Division ( Mechanized ) in Saudi Arabia during Operation Desert Storm . Rutherford was promoted to Major General in September 1991 , and at that time he served as Commanding General of the 3d Armored Division , United States Army Europe and Seventh Army , Germany . In 1992 he took on the role of Deputy Commander of V Corps , and in July 1992 he was promoted to Lieutenant General and Commander of V Corps . Rutherford retired in May 1995 . While commander of V Corps , LTG Rutherford was considered by his subordinates to be thorough , fair and considerate . LTG Rutherford was known for his compassion and his propensity to procure a better life for the common soldier . LTG Rutherford worked tirelessly to ensure that his soldiers and their families were prepared for any eventuallity . LTG Rutherford always considered his troops to be the best on the planet , and he would never let them forget his expectations . He always called his troops his " Tigers " . Post Military Career . After retiring from the U . S . Army , Rutherford served as Vice President of Right Management , a talent and career management solutions provider , from 1996 to 1998 . He currently Chief Operating Officer at Spencer Fane Britt & Browne LLP law firm in Kansas City , Missouri . Rutherford serves on the Board of Governors for the Liberty Memorial Association and on the executive committee for expansion of the National World War I Museum at Liberty Memorial .
Battle of Viljandi The Battle of Viljandi was a battle during the Livonian Crusade in 1211 . The battle ended with no decisive victory for the invaders as they were unable to take the stronghold . They did however , manage to baptise the people inside the stronghold . In spring 1211 , a larger objective for the Livonian Brothers of the Sword was to take the stronghold of Viljandi . They plundered the neighbourhood , robbed their food supplies , and killed and kidnapped the villagers who were staying in the villages nearby . Some of the prisoners were brought in front of the stronghold where they were killed to frighten the defenders before being cast off into the moat . In the first collision in front of the stronghold gate , the defenders managed to fend off the heavy casualtied surrounders and equip themselves with the enemy ' s equipment . The besiegers built a turret , the moat was filled with wood and the turret was rolled onto it . From there they threw spears and crossbowmen fired upon the defenders . The Estonians also tried to light the turret . It was here the Germans first used a bricole on Estonian soil . With the bricole they threw rocks into the stronghold at day and night , inflicting relatively serious damage . Soon the invaders managed to break one of the fortifications , but behind it there was another . Also , the Estonians were able to put out the fire on parts of the stronghold that were lit . By the next morning , they had been able to restore the fortifications . Unable to take the stronghold in five days , the invaders started negotiating on the sixth day . Because there was a lack of water , many wounded and killed in the stronghold , the elders were willing to make peace with the besiegers . They allowed only the priests inside the stronghold , who were said to have sprinkled holy water on the stronghold , houses , men and women . Massive baptism didn ' t occur , it was deferred because of " very enormous bloodspilling " . Having sons of elders and noblemen as hostages , the German army retreated .