naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Paul Hüttenrauch Unteroffizier Paul Hüttenrauch was a World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories . Biography . Paul Hüttenrauch first came to notice in February 1918 , flying a Fokker D . VII for a fighter squadron , " Jagdstaffel 7 " . He was wounded in action on 15 February , and again on 14 May 1918 . He scored his first aerial victory at 1015 hours on 20 July 1918 , when he shot down a Sopwith Camel from No . 70 Squadron RAF north of Ypres . On an evening sortie , he shot down another Camel from No . 204 Squadron RAF at 2040 hours 31 July over Hooglede . On 13 August 1918 , he destroyed a Royal Aircraft Factory SE . 5 a south of Zuydschoote . The " Jasta 7 " records credit Paul Hüttenrauch with eight victories by 14 October 1918 , though they lack details for the last five wins . Hüttenrauch was awarded the First Class Iron Cross , which by regulation followed a prior award of the Second Class .
Hartley Castle Hartley Castle was a castle near Kirkby Stephen , Cumbria . History . The manor was confiscated circa 1315 from Roger de Clifford and granted to Andrew de Harcla ( anglicized to Andrew de Harclay or Hartley ) . The name Harcla is thought to be from the Old English for " hard ground " and may refer to the outcrop of land that the castle is built upon in the Eden valley . The existing manor house was fortified by de Harcla , some time prior to 1323 , when he was ordered by King Edward II to be hanged , drawn and quartered for alleged collusion with Robert the Bruce , and forfeited his earldom and lands . It was granted to Ralph de Neville who later sold it through three other hands to Thomas de Musgrave who on the 4th of October 1353 was granted a licence to crenellate by King Edward III : It was improved during the 17th century with the addition in 1615 of a pair of wings but was abandoned circa 1677 . Thomas Machel visited the castle in 1677 and described it as An Elizabethan building consisting of an inner quadrangle surrounded by buildings , and an outer court to the north protected by a thick and high curtain wall . The entrance to it was approached through a gateway at the head of a flight of steps from the road . Directly opposite an archway opened into the inner court ; on the left , or east side , was the kitchen and buttery , with the hall beyond , entered by an external stair from the court ; the south end was occupied by the chapel and withdrawing rooms ; whilst on the western side there was a long gallery lighted by a large oriel window facing the quadrangle Another sketch from 1692 shows a thick , high curtain wall enclosing a square outer court , with an inner court enclosed by three and four storey buildings . The above shows what remained by the beginning of the 18th century . It was demolished between 1704 and 1744 for building stone which was used to repair Edenhall . Today . Apart from limited earthworks all that remains now is a few metres of wall and stairs down to a vaulted cellar for the former kitchen . The site currently houses a late - 18th - century farmhouse and outbuildings .
HMS Eagle ( 1679 ) HMS " Eagle " was a 70 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched at Portsmouth Dockyard in 1679 . She underwent a rebuild at Chatham Dockyard in 1699 , retaining her armament of 70 guns . She was captained by James Wishart and served at the Battle of Cadiz and the Battle of Vigo Bay in 1702 when there was a raid on Spanish silver . Under the command of Captain Robert Hancock , " Eagle " was lost with all hands off the Scilly Isles on 22 October 1707 when a disastrous navigational error sent Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell ' s fleet through dangerous reefs while on their way from Gibraltar to Portsmouth . Four ships ( " Eagle " , " Association " , " Firebrand " and " Romney " ) were lost , with nearly 2 , 000 sailors . The Scilly naval disaster was one of the greatest maritime disasters in British history . It was largely as a result of this disaster that the Board of the Admiralty instituted a competition for a more precise method to determine longitude .
Soltsy - 2 Soltsy - 2 ( also spelled Sol ' tsy , Soltsy , Solcy , Solcy 2 ) is an air base in Novgorod Oblast , Russia located 2 km north of Soltsy and 72 km southwest of Novgorod . It contains large aircraft revetments , with a separate compound of 9 hardened areas about 1 mile from the airfield . In 1992 , the headquarters of the 326th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division ( 326 TBAD ) arrived from Tartu in newly independent Estonia . In 1998 the division headquarters was moved to Ukrainka in the Far East . The 840th Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment ( 840 TBAP ) flew Tupolev Tu - 22M aircraft from November 1951 through to 2010 . The regiment was disbanded in 2010 following the changes initiated by the Russian military reform s from 2008 . Natural Resources Defense Council lists Soltsy - 2 as a nuclear weapons facility .
Ain - Ervin Mere Ain Mere ( from birth to Estification Ervin Martson ; February 22 , 1903 – April 5 , 1969 ) was an Estonian military officer . During World War II , he was an Obersturmbannführer ( Lieutenant Colonel ) in the Waffen SS and also the head of the Sicherheitspolizei in Estonia ( Security Police ) following its creation in 1942 . He was born in Vändra and fought voluntarily in the Estonian War of Independence . In early 1919 , Mere was wounded while serving on an armored train and was sent to the rear . According to the KGB archives , he was drafted as an agent of NKVD in 1940 – 1941 . He was known under code name " Müller " . In July 1941 Mere deserted from the Red Army and returned to Estonia . He was a member of the Estonian Security Police , involved in the Holocaust . On February 5 , 1945 in Berlin , he founded the " Eesti Vabadusliit " ( anti - communist group ) together with SS - Obersturmbannführer Harald Riipalu . In March 1961 , the Soviet court accused during the Holocaust trials in Soviet Estonia the German Security Police in Estonia , headed by Mere ( and later by Julius Ennok ) to have been actively involved in the arrest and killing of Estonian Jews along with Ralf Gerrets and Jaan Viik . The police were also actively engaged in actions against Estonians deemed to be opponents of the Nazi Germany . Though living in Great Britain , he was sentenced to capital punishment . Great Britain did not extradite him , due to the lack of evidence and he died at the age of 66 in Leicester , England .
Confederate Monument of Bowling Green The Confederate Monument of Bowling Green , in Bowling Green , Kentucky , is among the sixty - one monuments of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission , all of which became part of the National Register of Historic Places on July 17 , 1997 . It is within Bowling Green ' s Fairview Cemetery , on the east side of the old / northern side of the cemetery . It was built thanks to the efforts of George B . Payne . In 1875 he lived in Topeka , Kansas , but had served in the Confederate 4th Kentucky Infantry during the Civil War , spending much time around Bowling Green as he was a courier under General John C . Breckinridge . He desired a monument honoring the Confederate war dead buried at the cemetery . This caused the Warren County Monumental Association to form , with Thomas Hines , who had served as a spy under John Hunt Morgan but was now living in Bowling Green , serving as president . Popular support for the monument came from the barbaric actions of Union general Stephen Burbridge , who sought to murder Confederate soldiers for any reason , resulting in the deaths of twenty - two residents of Warren County in 1864 . Prior to that time , the Union saw more support in the county , though the Confederate government of Kentucky briefly resided in Bowling Green 1861 - 1862 . The monument is made of white limestone that was locally acquired . It cost $ 1 , 500 to build , attained by a subscription drive that ran from 1875 until the monument ' s dedication on May 3 , 1876 . The obelisk stands thirty feet tall , and is draped by a carved Confederate flag . A bas - relief of a painting popular in the Reconstruction - South , Henry Mosler ' s " Lost Cause " , which typified the devastation Northern invaders inflicted upon Southern homesteads , was placed on the front of the monument . Different reliefs are on other sides of the monument . Statues of cannons pointed straight up are twenty feet away from each corner of the main monuments , and are eight feet tall . Cannonballs are depicted around the base of the cannon monuments . Over ten thousand people came to the dedication of the monument . The dedication speaker was William Campbell Preston Breckinridge , who served as a colonel for John Hunt Morgan ' s 9th Kentucky Cavalry , and was instrumental in many veteran organizations for former Confederate soldiers . A marker describing the monument lies in front of the monument , beside the cemetery road . The marker contains a factual error , saying that Thomas Hines was unable to make it to the dedication due to dying before then . In actuality , Hines would not die for another twenty - two years ; his grave is in the same cemetery . Another problem with the marker is that it gives Henry Mosler ' s last name as Moseler . Surrounding the monument are the graves of seventy Confederate soldiers , some of them unidentified . One other Civil War monument is at Fairview Cemetery , the William F . Perry Monument .
Michael Hudson ( Medal of Honor ) Michael Hudson ( 1834 – December 28 , 1891 ) was a sergeant serving in the United States Marine Corps during the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Battle of Mobile Bay . Life and career . Hudson was born in 1834 in Sligo County , Ireland , and after immigrating to the United States he entered the Marine Corps from Brooklyn , New York , September 12 , 1861 . He was a sergeant assigned to the marine detachment aboard the when it was sent to fight in the American Civil War . On August 5 , 1864 , during the Battle of Mobile Bay the " Brooklyn " , along with several other ships waged a campaign against several confederate controlled forts and gunboats . During the battle the " Brooklyn " suffered severe damage and several men on board were killed . Hudson continued fighting through the 2 - hour battle which resulted in the surrender of the rebel ram . For this action he received the United States militaries highest decoration for valor , the Medal of Honor December 31 , 1864 . He was discharged from the Marine Corps October 25 , 1865 . He died December 28 , 1891 and is buried in Maple Hill Cemetery Charlotte , Michigan . His grave can be found in section C , lot 49 . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Marine Corps . Born : 1834 , Sligo County , Ireland . Accredited to : New York . G . O . No . : 45 , 31 December 1864 . Citation : On board the U . S . S . " Brooklyn " during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram " Tennessee " in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Despite severe damage to his ship and the loss of several men on board as enemy fire raked the decks , Sgt . Hudson fought his gun with skill and courage throughout the furious 2 - hour battle which resulted in the surrender of the rebel ram " Tennessee " .
HMS Garlies ( K475 ) HMS " Garlies " ( K475 ) was a British Captain - class frigate of the Royal Navy in commission during World War II . Originally constructed as the United States Navy " Evarts " - class destroyer escort USS " Fleming " ( DE - 271 ) , she served in the Royal Navy from 1943 to 1945 and in the U . S . Navy as USS " Garlies " ( DE - 271 ) from August to October 1945 . Construction and transfer . The ship was ordered as the U . S . Navy destroyer escort DE - 271 on 25 January 1942 and assigned the name USS " Fleming " , the first ship of the name , on 23 February 1943 . She was laid down by the Boston Navy Yard in Boston , Massachusetts , on 7 April 1943 and launched on 19 May 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . Michael E . Fleming . The United States transferred the ship to the United Kingdom under Lend - Lease on 13 June or 13 July 1943 ( sources vary ) while she was still under construction . Service history . Royal Navy , 1943 - 1945 . Christened on 13 September 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . Frances Brown , the wife of J . Andrew Brown , the ship was commissioned into service in the Royal Navy as HMS " Garlies " ( K475 ) the same day . She served on patrol and escort duty in the North Atlantic Ocean . On 29 February 1944 , " Garlies " was operating as part of the First Escort Group when she and the British frigates , , and detected the German submarine " U - 358 " in the North Atlantic north - northeast of the Azores and began a depth - charge attack which continued through the night and into 1 March 1944 , the four frigates dropping a combined 104 depth charges . " Garlies " and " Gore " were forced to withdraw to Gibraltar to refuel on 1 March , but " Affleck " and " Gould " continued to attack " U - 358 " . During the afternoon of 1 March , " U - 358 " succeeded in torpedoing and sinking " Gould " at position , but then was forced to surface after 38 hours submerged and was sunk by gunfire from " Affleck " at position . " Garlies " supported the invasion of Normandy in the summer of 1944 . The Royal Navy returned " Garlies " to the U . S . Navy at Chatham Dockyard , England , on 20 August 1945 . U . S . Navy , 1945 . The ship was commissioned into the U . S . Navy as USS " Garlies " ( DE - 271 ) with Lieutenant B . H . Farwell , USN , in command on 20 August 1945 simultaneously with her return . She departed Chatham on 30 August 1945 bound for the United States , and arrived at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , on 8 September 1945 . She remained there until decommissioned on 10 October 1945 . Disposal . The U . S . Navy struck " Garlies " from its Naval Vessel Register on 1 November 1945 . She was sold to Thomas H . Barker on 19 July 1947 for scrapping .
HNoMS Otra ( 1939 ) The Otra and the " Rauma " were two purpose - built minesweepers constructed at Nylands Verksted in Oslo . Both ships were completed and commissioned only a short time before the German invasion of Norway . The Otra class vessels used the Oropesa system of mine sweeping . As the threat of war in Europe became ever more clear the decision was made to improve the Royal Norwegian Navy ' s mine warfare capabilities . At first a number of 2 . class gunboats were rebuilt into minelayer s and mine sweepers , but with war looming it soon became clear that more capable vessels were required . The invasion . Prelude . Shortly before the German invasion the UK announced that the Royal Navy had laid a number of minefields along the coast of Norway to interfere with the German import of Swedish iron ore through the North Norwegian port of Narvik . The British government claimed to have mined three areas ; off Stad , Hustadvika , and Landegode north of Bodø . In response to this report , the Norwegian government ordered the minesweepers " Otra " and " Rauma " to sail north from their base in Horten and sweep the minefields on 9 April 1940 . " Otra " spots the invasion force . Before the order to go north could be carried out , however , the German invasion of Norway took place in the early hours of 9 April . As reports of intruding warships started coming in the " Otra " was sent out to investigate , and at 0410hrs report that the intruders were Germans . The invasion flotilla blocked the " Otra " ' s return to Horten . Capture . While her sister ship , HNoMS " Rauma " , was fighting the German naval forces in Horten " Otra " was cut off and isolated from the action . The next morning , 10 April , she was captured while at anchor in Filtvet . German service as the " Togo " . After capture the " Otra " was renamed the Togo and put in service as a Vorpostenboot and minelayer for the rest of the war . First the " Togo " served in as part of Hafenschutzflotille Tromsø guarding that northern city ' s harbour . Later she was transferred to Hafenschutzflottille Oslo . In 1941 the " Togo " was part of 59th Vorpostenflottille as V 5908 , where she served until April 1944 when she transferred to 65th Vorpostenflottille as V 6512 . After the German surrender she was part of the German Mine Sweeping Administration ( GM - SA ) . Post - war service . On 18 January 1946 the " Togo " was returned to the Royal Norwegian Navy at Bogen and on 30 October 1946 was renamed the HNoMS Otra . In April 1949 she was rebuilt as a minelayer training ship . 21 August 1959 saw her decommissioning and she was laid up at Horten until put out of service and sold in April 1963 .
Ronald Poulton - Palmer Ronald William Poulton ( later sometimes Poulton Palmer ) ( 12 September 1889 – 5 May 1915 ) was an English rugby union footballer , who captained and was killed in The First World War . Born in Headington , he was the son of Sir Edward Bagnall Poulton , the zoologist and his wife Emily Palmer . He was educated at Dragon School , Rugby School , and Balliol College , Oxford . Sporting career . Poulton played for Balliol College , Oxford University RFC , Harlequins and Liverpool F . C . Poulton is one of three men to score a hat - trick of tries in the Varsity match – he scored five , still the individual record for the fixture , in 1909 . He captained England during the 1913 / 4 unbeaten season ( now what would be called a ' Grand Slam ' ) , scoring four tries against France in 1914 , in the last test match prior to the outbreak of World War I . Poulton was renowned for his elusiveness and glamorous style of play – " the very mention of swerving sends ones thoughts to the late Ronald Poulton , the swerver par excellence . . . swerving and Poulton are almost synonymous terms " ( DR Gent in CJB Marriott ' s Modern Rugby Football ) . He officially changed his surname to Palmer by Royal Licence as a condition of inheriting a fortune from his uncle George William Palmer of Huntley and Palmer biscuit company in 1914 . His surname was never actually ' Poulton Palmer ' ( or even the hyphenated version ' Poulton - Palmer ) , although he was often later called this . World War 1 service . Poulton was commissioned into 1st / 4th territorial battalion of The Royal Berkshire Regiment and rose to the rank of Lieutenant . On the morning of 5 May 1915 , whilst supervising trench work from the top of a superior officer ' s newly repaired dugout , Poulton Palmer was killed by a sniper ' s bullet – to a man his platoon wept at their and the nation ' s loss . He was twenty - five years of age . Ronald Poulton Palmer ' s grave is in Hyde Park Corner ( Royal Berks ) Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery , near Ploegsteert , Belgium . A memorial to him was erected at Balliol College , on the west wall of the Chapel passage . Twenty six England international rugby players were killed in World War I of a total international toll of one hundred and thirty . One of the most notable was Poulton Palmer , who was considered by many contemporary observers as perhaps the greatest - ever attacking rugby union threequarter .
HT - 8 Helicopter Training Squadron 8 ( HT - 8 ) is a United States Navy helicopter training squadron based at Naval Air Station Whiting Field in Milton , FL . The squadron ' s mission is Advanced Helicopter Training . HT - 8 flies the TH - 57 Bell 206 JetRanger . The unit generally uses the call sign " Eight Ball " over the radio . Insignia . The three basic colors of HT - 8 ’ s patch - red , white and blue - represent the colors of the U . S . flag , and are indicative of HT - 8 ’ s nickname , " America ' s Squadron " , created in the 1980s . The three colors also commemorate the universality of our squadron ' s students , instructors and staff hailing from all parts of the United States . The overall field is sectored into three equal portions to symbolize training for the three sea services of the US Navy , the US Marine Corps and the US Coast Guard . A helicopter profile at the patch ’ s center symbolizes advanced rotary training , and is orange to reflect the traditional color of orange on all Navy training aircraft . Interestingly , there are three versions of the tail rotor on the right side of the helicopter profile . The original version is a simple cross to indicate the blades of a tail rotor . Common lore is that a squadron commanding officer changed the tail rotor design during the Vietnam War to a peace sign , as a silent protest to the war . Then in the 1990s , another commanding officer devised yet a third design , a script - like ' S ' , this time reflecting the Sikorsky aircraft " S , " probably reflecting his preference for Sikorsky aircraft - despite the fact that the squadron had by then transitioned to the TH - 57 Sea Ranger , a Bell company product . All three versions of the patch are worn by squadron pilots to this day . The cloud shape ( some say it resembles the state of Georgia , backwards ) and storm in the upper left quadrant are superimposed by helicopter turn needle and ball instruments , and indicate that students at HT - 8 are trained in instrument flight . The orange helicopter profile is facing as if it is flying into the cloud , signifying the confidence HT - 8 ' s students have in their ability to fly in all weather conditions . The 18 stars in the upper right quadrant - in the shape of an ' 8 ' - reflect the fact that advanced rotary flight students originally began their training at HT - 8 , completing only familiarization training ( now known as ' contact ' training ) in this squadron . Following their fam solo at HT - 8 the students would then transfer to HT - 18 to complete the rest of their training ( therefore HT - 18 was " in the stars " for HT - 8 students ) . In 1986 both HT - 8 and HT - 18 became " mirror image " squadrons , training students from contact flying through advanced tactics . The gold wings in the lower quadrant symbolize the goal of all students who enter advanced rotary wing training at HT - 8 - designation as an " unrestricted " naval aviator .
Süleyman Askerî Bey Süleyman Askerî Bey , also known as Suleyman Askeri , Sulayman Askari , Sulaiman al - Askari ( Modern Turkish : " Süleyman el - Askerî " ) and unofficially known as Suleyman Askeri Pasha ( 1884 ; Prizren - April 14 , 1915 ; Berjasiya ) was a military officer who served for the Ottoman Army . Süleyman Askerî was born to General Vehbi Pasha , who served as military staff at Edirne in 1898 and then in Anatolia , in 1884 in Prizren . He gradıated from the Ottoman Military Academy in 1902 and graduated from the Ottoman Military College on November 5 , 1905 as Distinguished Captain ( " Mümtaz Yüzbaşı " ) . He was assigned to Monastir ( present - day Bitola ) under the command of the Third Army stationed at Salonica ( present - day Thessaloniki ) . During the days he stayed in Monastir , he joined the Committee of Union and Progress and he married Fadime Hanım , who was an aristocrat of Filibe ( present - day Plovdiv ) . They had two daughters , Fatma and Dilek . He sheltered " Mülâzim " Atif Efendi ( Atıf Kamçıl ) , who assassinated Shemsi Pasha in July 7 , 1912 , and participated in the Young Turk Revolution . He was closest friend of Kuşçubaşzade Eşref ( Sencer ) . According to Philip Hendrick Stoddard , he was a brother - in - law of Mehmed Nuri ( Conker ) , who was the oldest friend of Mustafa Kemal ( Atatürk ) . In 1909 , he was promoted to the rank of " Kolağası " and appointed to the gendarmerie regiment in Baghdad . In 1911 , after the Kingdom of Italy invaded the vilayet of Tripoli ( present - day Libya ) , he went there and participated in operations in Benghazi . In 1912 , he took part in the Balkan Wars as the chief of staff of Trabzon Redif Division and then became the Chief of the General Staff of the provicional government ( August 31 , 1913 - October 25 , 1913 ) established in Western Thrace . On November 13 , 1913 , he was appointed to the chief of the Ottoman Special Organisation when it was officially formed . See also . Battle of Shaiba