naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Thessalonica ( 1014 ) The battle of Thessalonica ( ) was fought between the Bulgarian and the Byzantine Empire s in the summer of 1014 near the city of Thessalonica in contemporary northern Greece . The Bulgarian army under the command of Nestoritsa was defeated by the Byzantines led by the governor of Thessalonica Theophylactus Botaniates and it was unable to divert the main Byzantine forces who were attacking the Bulgarian ramparts between the Belasitsa and Ograzhden mountains . Prelude . In the summer of 1014 the Byzantine Emperor Basil II launched his annual campaign against Bulgaria . From Western Thrace via Serres he reached the valley of the Strumeshnitsa river where his troops were halted by a thick palisade guarded by an army under the personal command of Samuil . To divert the attention of the enemy the Bulgarian Emperor sent a large force under his general Nestoritsa to the south to attack the second largest city of the Byzantine Empire , Thessaloniki . The battle . Several days later Nestoritsa reached the vicinity of Thessalonica . On the fields to the west of the city or according to other historians near the river of Galik it was confronted by a strong army led by the doux ( governor ) of Thessalonica , Theophylactus Botaniates and his son Michael . The son of the governor charged the Bulgarians but was surrounded . In the fierce battle there the Bulgarians had many casualties and pulled back under the cover of archers . A second attack of Michael and the Byzantine cavalry resulted in a complete defeat for Nestoritsa ' s troops and they fled . The victorious Byzantines captured many soldiers . After he had secured Thessalonica , Botaniates join Basil ' s army at Belasitsa . Later in that summer Botaniates and his army were defeated in the gorges to the south of Strumitsa and he perished in the battle , killed by Samuil ' s son Gavril Radomir . Nestoritsa , who survived the defeat , surrendered to Basil II four years later in 1018 , after the Byzantine Emperor entered the capital of Bulgaria Ohrid .
USS Eurana ( SP - 1594 ) USS " Eurana " ( SP - 1594 ) was a cargo ship in the United States Navy during World War I . She was later named Alamar . " Eurana " was built in 1916 by the Union Iron Works ( later called Bethlehem Shipbuilding , owned by Bethlehem Steel ) in San Francisco , California . The time period of construction was from 1 January 1916 to 31 December 1916 . She was issued the hull number 120 , and released to her new owner , the American South African Line , as a passenger freighter . The U . S . Navy acquired the Eurana on 13 September 1918 , commissioning it the same day , with the command going to Lieutenant Commander J . Foster , USNRF . She operated for the Navy under the name USN " Eurana " , with the Hull # SP 1594 , as a Section Patrol Craft . From 4 October 1918 to 14 September 1919 , she made 4 voyages from east coast ports to carry passengers and cargo for the Army Expeditionary Force and the Army of Occupation to La Pallice , Verdon , Bordeaux , St . Nazaire , and Brest , France . She was present in Brest on 29 June 1919 to honor President Woodrow Wilson leaving France in the USS " George Washington " . " Eurana " was decommissioned from the US Navy on 9 October 1919 at Norfolk , and returned to the Army for transfer to her owner . As " Alamar " . " Eurana " ’ s name was later changed to SS " Alamar " , and was used in World War II . At Murmansk , on 27 May 1942 , " Alamar " was hit by several aerial bombs on her afterdeck and set afire after Stukas ( dive bombers ) attacked for one and a half hours . Flames soared high from the high test gasoline stored topside . " Alamar " fell back from the other ships , out of control , nearly colliding with another injured ship . At 12 : 30 pm , both ships slipped beneath the water without losing any sailors . " Alamar " was scuttled . On 5 July 1942 , , with survivors from " Alamar " , hit a mine and was sunk . This also occurred at Murmansk . 23 of the " Alamar " crew survived .
Equipment of the United States Army The Equipment of the United States Army can be subdivided into : ammunition , weapons , vehicles and clothing . Ammunition . 9x19mm NATO : . 45 ACP : 5 . 56x45mm NATO : 7 . 62x51mm NATO : . 300 Winchester Magnum . 50 - cal BMG : 12 gauge : 25x137mm NATO : 30x113mm NATO : Hand grenades : Grenade launchers Weapons . The Weapons of the United States Army can be sorted into three categories : Personal weapon s carried and used by one soldier , Support weapons used by teams of soldiers in support roles , and Vehicle - Mounted weapons mounted on Army vehicles . Some support weapons can be mounted on vehicles in addition to their primary ground roles . Personal Weapons : Support Weapons : Vehicle - Mounted Weapons : Systems . Aircraft . The U . S . Army operates some fixed - wing aircraft and many helicopters . Vessels . The Army still operates vessels of many types . Attire . The standard garrison service uniform is known as " " Army Greens " " or " " Class - A " s " . The " Army Blue " uniform , is currently the Army ' s formal dress uniform , but in 2009 , it will replace the Army Green and the Army White uniforms ( a uniform similar to the Army Green uniform , but worn in tropical postings ) and will become the new Army Service Uniform , which will function as both a garrison uniform ( when worn with a white shirt and necktie ) and a dress uniform ( when worn with a white shirt and either a necktie for parades or a bow tie for " after six " or " black tie " events ) . The Patrol Cap is worn with the ACU for garrison duty ; and the beret with the Army Service Uniform for non - ceremonial functions . The Army Blue Service Cap , is allowed for wear by any soldier ranked CPL or above at the discretion of the commander . Body armor in all units is the Improved Outer Tactical Vest and the Interceptor Body Armor , which is now being supplemented with the lightweight Modular Body Armor Vest and Soldier Plate Carrier System . Head protection is provided by the Advanced Combat Helmet and the Modular Integrated Communications Helmet .
Robert Harling Sir Robert Harling ( died 9 September 1435 ) was an early member of the landed gentry , soldier and political strongman . The Norfolk villages of East Harling , West Harling , Harling Market and Larling were greatly under his control . Harling was a knight of the Shire , a Lord of the Manor and comptroller of the house of Edward IV . He married Jane Gonville , whose father established what was to become Gonville and Caius College , Cambridge . He died on the feast of Gregory , fighting under John , Duke of Bedford during the Hundred Years ' War . Bedford died less than a week thereafter . He is buried in the East Harling Church and his coat of arms is a main feature of the church . His daughter , Anne , married William Chamberlain ( d . 1462 ) , a soldier , and later Sir Robert Wingfield ( Member of Parliament for Herts , comptroller of the House of Edward IV .
Pathkiller Pathkiller , ( c 1749 to 8 January 1827 ) , was a Cherokee warrior , town chief , and Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation . He also served as a colonel under Andrew Jackson in the Tennessee militia during the Creek War . Warrior Life . Pathkiller ( with some backing by Britain ) fought against the Overmountain Men and American Wataugan frontiersmen settled in the Washington District at the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War . Afterward , he joined with Dragging Canoe and the Chickamauga Cherokee faction fighting in the Chickamauga Wars , until the conclusion of hostilities in 1794 . Pathkiller fought for Morgan ' s " Regiment of Cherokees " commanded by Colonel Gideon Morgan against the Red Stick Indian uprising during the Creek War ( 7 October 1813 — 11 April 1814 ) , a frontier extension of the War of 1812 . Cherokee national leader . Pathkiller was the last " hereditary chief " of the Cherokee . A full - blooded Native American , he was the Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation ( from 1811 – 1827 ) . An interesting picture of Cherokee Council sessions was given by the missionary , Ard Hoyt , on the occasion of his visit to the seat of Cherokee government in October , 1818 : After 1813 , the " de facto " authority in the Cherokee Nation had shifted to Charles R . Hicks , who was the first chief of partial European descent . Pathkiller remained chief ( in title only ) through 1827 , a figurehead . Pathkiller and Hicks both were mentors to John Ross , having identified the talented young mixed - blood Cherokee of Scots - Irish descent as the future leader of the Cherokee people . After the tribe formed a constitutional republic , Ross was elected principal chief in 1828 . Burial sites . There is a gravesite marked for chief Pathfinder ( died 8 January 1827 ) in the woods just outside the fenced Garrett family cemetery ( at the former location of Garrett ' s Ferry ) next to the Coosa River in the town of Centre ( near the former Turkeytown , where he was chief ) , in Cherokee County , northeast Alabama . There is also a table - tomb burial site for Col . Pathkiller ( died 1827 ) located in the present day Calhoun , Georgia area , at the site of the old Cherokee town of New Echota .
John Mayrant Captain John Mayrant ( December 1762 – August 1836 ) was an officer in the Continental Navy and later the United States Navy , who served aboard the " Bon Homme Richard " in its 1779 battle with the " Serapis " . Biography . Born in the parish of St . James Santee , South Carolina , Mayrant was appointed midshipman in the South Carolina Navy May 23 , 1778 . The following year , in France , he was appointed midshipman and aide to John Paul Jones . Sailing from Lorient in " Bon Homme Richard " , he led the boarders in the engagement with " Serapis " , September 23 , 1779 . He died in Tennessee . Namesakes . Two ships in the United States Navy were named USS " Mayrant " for him .
Barend Viljoen Major - General Barend Viljoen SSA OBE ( 13 April 1908 – 1995 ) was a South African military commander . He joined the South African Air Force in 1927 , and served in World War II . He also served as ADC to the Governor General of the Union of South Africa and to the King of Greece . He was Air Chief of Staff from 1956 to 1965 . Honours and Awards . He was awarded the Order of the British Empire in 1944
TMA - 1 mine The TMA - 1 and TMA - 1A are circular , plastic cased Yugoslavian minimum metal anti - tank blast mine . The mine consists of an upper plastic pressure plate , and the lower body containing the main charge . The pressure plate has eight triangular raised sectors , and a central fuze cap . The pressure plate is held in place by four plastic pins , which when suffient pressure is applied , shear allowing the pressure plate to collapse onto the mine body , triggering the UANU - 1 fuze . A secondary fuze well is provided in the base of the mine , allowing the use of anti - handling device s . The mine is found in Bosnia , Croatia and Kosovo .
Thomas B . Huger Thomas B . Huger ( died April 25 , 1862 ) was an officer in the Confederate States Navy during the U . S . Civil War . Before the war , he had served for over 20 years in the United States Navy . Biography . Huger was born in South Carolina . He joined the U . S . Navy as a midshipman in March 1835 . He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in February 1848 and continued in the service until his native state seceded from the United States . Resigning his commission in the U . S . Navy in January 1861 , Huger became a First Lieutenant in the Confederate Navy the following March . He commanded a battery on Morris Island , South Carolina in 1861 and was appointed as commanding officer of the gunboat CSS " McRae " later in that year . Huger ' s ship operated in defense of New Orleans , Louisiana and the lower Mississippi River . On April 24 , 1862 , while battling Federal Navy ships near Fort Jackson and Fort St . Philip , " McRae " was badly damaged and Lieutenant Huger was mortally wounded . He died the next day .
Brandhoek Military Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery Brandhoek Military Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission burial ground for the dead of the First World War located near Ypres ( now " Ieper " ) in Belgium on the Western Front . The cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war . Foundation . The cemetery was begun by the British in May 1915 in a field next to a dressing station . The cemetery was closed in July 1917 when Brandhoek New Military Cemetery was opened . The cemetery was designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield .
Battle of Ghamra The Battle of Ghamra took place between Khalid ibn al - Walid and the remaining army of Buzakha , 20 miles from Buzakha . On - line Resources . A . I . Akram , " The Sword of Allah : Khalid bin al - Waleed , His Life and Campaigns " Lahore , 1969
USS Ocoee ( SP - 1208 ) USS " Ocoee " ( SP - 1208 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Ocoee " was built in 1911 as a private motorboat of the same name by the Matthews Boat Building Company at Port Clinton , Ohio . On 24 August 1917 , the U . S . Navy chartered her from her owner , H . Walter Blumenthal of New York City , for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Ocoee " ( SP - 1208 ) on 17 September 1917 . Assigned to the 3rd Naval District , " Ocoee " was tasked with patrol duties in the New York City area . However , on either 5 or 6 July 1918 she was reported to be unfit for naval service , and the Commandant , 3rd Naval District ordered her returned to Blumenthal . After a delay of over six months , she finally was returned to Blumenthal on 17 January 1919 .
475th Test Squadron The 475th Test Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the Tactical Air Command 325th Fighter Wing stationed at Tyndall AFB , Florida . It was inactivated on 15 Oct 1983 . The squadron accomplished the operations , test and evaluation and maintenance portions of the complex United States Air Force Air Defense Weapons Center mission , which was directly related to combat readiness training for air defense . Primary aircraft were the F - 106 Delta Dart and T - 33 Shooting Star .
John Clark ( Georgia governor ) John Clark ( sometimes spelled Clarke ) ( February 28 , 1766October 12 , 1832 ) was an American politician . Career . Clark served in the Georgia House of Representatives prior to being elected to consecutive two - year terms as the 31st Governor from 1820 to 1824 . Clark also served in the Georgia Militia during the American Revolution and achieved the rank of Major General in 1796 . While governor of Georgia he was involved in the U . S . Supreme Court case known as Ex parte Madrazzo . Personal life . Son of Revolutionary War hero Elijah Clarke , John Clark was born in Edgecombe County , North Carolina and moved to Wilkes County , Georgia in the early 1770s . He died of yellow fever in St . Andrews Bay ( Florida ) in what was then Washington County ( currently Bay County ) and was buried in that same city ; however , his grave was relocated to Marietta National Cemetery in Georgia in 1923 by the Daughters of the American Revolution . Legacy . Clarke County , Alabama is named after him .
Quartermaster sergeant instructor Quartermaster sergeant instructor ( QMSI ) is a senior warrant officer appointment in the armies of the United Kingdom and Canada . British Army . Quartermaster sergeant instructor is an appointment held by warrant officer s class 2 in the British Army ' s Small Arms School Corps and Army Physical Training Corps and by some in the Royal Engineers . It is also the title used within the Territorial Army for the attached regular NCO ( usually a colour sergeant or staff sergeant ) responsible for unit administration and stores at sub - unit level ( i . e . company or squadron ) . Canada . In the Canadian Army , QMSI is an appointment held by the senior master warrant officer within each battalion of the Princess Patricia ' s Canadian Light Infantry .
31st Air Base The 31st Air Base ( ) is a Polish Air Force base , located in Krzesiny , part of the Nowe Miasto district of Poznań . It is the first base to host the recently acquired F - 16 fighters . The base was officially constituted on 31 December 2000 , and since then has been the home base for the 3rd Tactical Squadron . History . In 1941 , during its occupation of Poznań , Nazi Germany built an aircraft factory at Krzesiny ( German : " Luftwaffenfliegerhorst Kreising " ) , along with an airfield to service it . The factory , run by Focke - Wulf , was a target for Allied bombers in the course of the war , on 29 May 1944 for Eighth Air Force . On 22 January 1945 the airfield was captured by Red Army and taken over by the Soviet Air Force , which in turn passed it to the Polish military in 1954 , which has used it since , hosting various units under changing designations : The organisation as an air base was implemented on 31 December 2000 to conform with NATO practices , separating the air base from the units which are based there . On this date 3rd Fighter Regiment was split into 31st Air Base ( " 31 . Baza Lotnicza " ) and 3rd Tactical Squadron ( " 3 . Eskadra Lotnictwa Taktycznego " ) . On 1 April 2008 " 31st Air Base " was again joined with 3rd Tactical Squadron and 6th Tactical Squadron to form single unit named 31st Tactical Air Base .
West Funk West Funk ( 1841 - July 30 , 1897 ) was an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War . Biography . Archer served was mustered into the 121st Pennsylvania in September 1862 , and was mustered out with the rest of his regiment in June 1865 . He was awarded the Medal of Honor on October 15 , 1872 for his actions at the Battle of Appomattox Court House . Medal of Honor citation . Citation : Capture of flag of 46th Virginia Infantry ( C . S . A . ) .
Eurybotadas Eurybotadas was the son of Tallus , from Orchomenus ( Boeotia ) . He served as a member of Alexander ' s allied cavalry until the campaign reached Ecbatana in 330 BC . There he and his compatriots were discharged . On their return 329 BC , they made a dedication to Zeus Soter in Orchomenus .
American - 180 The American - 180 is a submachine gun developed in the 1960s which fires . 22 LR cartridges from a pan magazine . The concept began with the Casull Model 290 that used a flat pan magazine similar to designs widely used prior to World War II . Only 80 Casull M290s were built and the weapon was expensive to produce . The American - 180 is an improved version . A semi - automatic only variant called the American SAR 180 / 275 is still produced on a custom basis by E & L Manufacturing of Riddle , Oregon . Operation . The weapon operates through a conventional blowback mechanism . It uses an open bolt with a flat pan magazine . It fires at a relatively high rate of fire of around 1 , 200 RPM . The American - 180 was purchased mostly by private parties prior to the American ban on production of machine guns for the US civilian market . The A180 was adopted by the Utah Department of Corrections to arm prison guards . Despite the relatively low power of the . 22 LR round , testing demonstrated that automatic fire could penetrate even concrete and bulletproof vests from cumulative damage . However , the target would have to remain still for an improbable amount of time to allow the cumulative damage to amass in the same area to achieve this .
Kufstein Fortress The Kufstein Fortress ( ) is the main landmark of Kufstein , a city of Tyrol in Austria . It is sometimes wrongly referred to as " Geroldseck Fortress " . It is located on a hill commanding Kufstein proper . The fortress is linked to the city below by the Festungsbahn , a funicular railway . History . The fortress is mentioned for the first time in a document from 1205 , where it is called " Castrum Caofstein " . At the time it was a possession of the bishop of Regensburg . In 1415 it was reinforced by Louis VII , Duke of Bavaria . In 1504 the city and the fortress were besieged and conquered by Emperor Maximilian I . From 1703 to 1805 it was a Bavarian possession , returning to Austria in 1814 . The fortress acted as prison for a number of political dissidents during the Austro - Hungarian empire . Its name is deeply embedded in Hungarian history . Here is a list of some prominent Hungarians imprisoned in the fortress : Ferenc Kazinczy , advocate of Hungarian language and literature , 1799 – 1800 ; Countess Blanka Teleki , socialite and educator , 1853 – 1856 ; Klára Leövey , teacher ; Sen . Miklós Wesselényi , a Hungarian nobleman 1785 – 1789 ; László Szentjóbi Szabó , poet , 1795 ; György Gaál , Protestant preacher 1850 – 1856 ; Sándor Rózsa , Hungary ' s " Robin Hood " , revolutionary , 1859 – 1865 ; Máté Haubner , Evangelical bishop The fortress now houses the City Museum of Kufstein . Part of it is also used for concerts and meetings . Media and the Arts . Film and Television . Was used for the opening scenes of Hubert Frank ' s erotic drama , Vanessa ( 1977 ) .
TAZ 90 ( camouflage ) TAZ 90 ( fr : TASS 90 , Swiss Woodland ) is the camouflage patterns for current standard issue Battle dress uniform of the Swiss Armed Forces . The four - colour pattern consists of tan , brown , green and black and is a development of the " TAZ 57 " and " TAZ 83 " ( the " Alpenflage " ) patterns which it replaced in the early 1990s . Even so , the pattern is based on the alpenflage , but with the deletion of the white spots and the red colour found in the alpenflage , along with minor changes .
Snaplock A Snaplock is a particular type of mechanism for firing a gun ( also , a gun fired by such a mechanism ) . A snaplock ignites the ( usually muzzleloading ) weapon ' s propellant by means of sparks produced when a spring - powered cock strikes a flint down on to a piece of hardened steel . The snaplock is therefore similar to the snaphaunce ( sometimes classed as an advanced type of snaplock ) and the later flintlock ( see below ) . In all snaplocks , the flint is held in a clamp at the end of a bent lever called the cock . When the gun is " cocked " , the cock is held back , against the pressure of a spring , by a catch which is part of the trigger mechanism . When the trigger is pulled , the catch is released and the spring moves the cock rapidly forwards . The flint strikes a curved plate of hardened steel , called the " steel " . The flint strikes from the steel a shower of white hot steel shavings ( sparks ) which fall towards the priming powder held in the flash pan . The flash from the pan ' s ignited primer travels ( unless there is only a " flash in the pan " ) through the touch hole into the firing chamber at the rear of the barrel , and ignites the main charge of gunpowder . Before the weapon is fired , the pan has a closed cover : the mechanism for opening this cover ( i . e . manual or automatic ) can affect whether the weapon is classed as a snaplock . In fact , the term Snaplock may be used in three ways Period of Use . The snaplock first appeared in the late 1540s , probably in southern Germany . It was cheap and easy to produce , and like all post - matchlock weapons , could be primed and loaded in advance and be fired at a moment ' s notice . It was used until modern times in Scandinavia and Russia , but by about 1640 it was out of fashion almost everywhere else . Safety . Snaplocks as a class did not have safety devices , but individual models could be prevented from inadvertent firing by different mechanisms Regional varieties include the Baltic Lock , the Russian Snaplock , and the Miquelet Lock . The Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus had many matchlock muskets converted to snaplocks during his military reforms .