naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of the Rhyndacus ( 1211 ) The Battle of the Rhyndacus was fought on 15 October 1211 between the forces of two of the main successor states of the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire and the Byzantine Greek Empire of Nicaea , established following the dissolution of the Byzantine state after the Fourth Crusade . The Latin emperor , Henry of Flanders , desired to expand his territory in Asia Minor at the expense of the Nicaeans . He had already achieved a victory in 1205 at Adramyttium , but the need to counter the Bulgarians in Europe had forced him to conclude a truce and depart . By 1211 , only a small exclave around Pegai remained in Latin hands . Taking advantage of the losses suffered by the Nicaean army against the Seljuks in the Battle of Antioch on the Meander , Henry landed with his army at Pegai and marched eastward to the Rhyndacus river . Henry had probably some 260 Frankish knights , while Laskaris had a larger force overall , but only a handful of Franks , who had suffered especially heavily against the Seljuks . Laskaris prepared an ambush at the Rhyndacus , but Henry assaulted his positions and scattered the Nicaean troops in a day - long battle on 15 October . The Latin victory , won reportedly without casualties , was crushing : after the battle Henry marched unopposed through Nicaean lands , reaching south as far as Nymphaion . Warfare lapsed thereafter , and both sides concluded the Treaty of Nymphaeum , which gave the Latin Empire control of most of Mysia up to the village of Kalamos ( mod . Gelembe ) , which was to be uninhabited and mark the boundary between the two states .
Sturmpanzerwagen Oberschlesien The Sturmpanzerwagen Oberschlesien ( " Oberschlesien Assault Tank " ) ( sometimes called " Dominatrix " ) was a German tank project of the First World War . It was a radical design for a fast - moving , lightly - armored assault tank . The " Oberschlesien " included a track which was placed under the tank and only wrapped around half of it . The design sacrificed armor for the sake of speed and only required a 180 hp engine for the 19 ton body , giving it a projected ground speed of 9 mph . The tank featured such advanced features as a main cannon mounted on top of the tank in a central revolving turret , separate fighting and engine compartments , a rear - mounted engine and a low track run . History . Towards the end of the First World War it was clear that the only operational German tank , the A7V was a failure , being too slow and clumsy in action and slow to build . Therefore it was decided that a lighter tank was required which could spearhead assaults and which could be mass - produced . Thirteen companies bid for the contract and in the middle of 1918 construction of a design by Captain Müller was assigned to the Oberschlesien Eisenwerk of Gleiwitz , which had partially completed two prototypes by October . The project received the pseudonym " Oberschlesien " ( Upper Silesia ) . Neither the ordered test models , nor the improved " Oberschlesien II " already planned were finished before the end of the war .
Frederick Hotblack Major General Frederick Elliot Hotblack DSO and Bar MC ( 1887 – 1979 ) was a British Army officer who fought in the First World War as an early member of the Tank Corps and commanded the 2nd Armoured Division in the early part of World War II . Military career . Hotblack was commissioned into the Royal Norfolk Regiment in 1915 and served in the First World War as an intelligence officer in France before transferring to the then " Heavy Branch " of the Machine Gun Corps ( later the Royal Tank Corps ) in 1916 . In November , while a temporary Captain he guided a tank to its objective by walking ahead of it despite enemy fire . For this action he was awarded the DSO . On the 23rd , he took control of infantry who had lost their officers and with tanks organised an attack - earning a bar to his DSO . He took staff officer positions for the remainder of the War . He was awarded the Military Cross for " conspicuous gallantry , initiative and devotion to duty " in September 1918 . While assessing the front , he found a German position blocking the advanve and organised two tanks into action against it , riding in one of them himself . Despite being injured during the attack , after the tanks were knocked out he got the wounded to safety and arranged infantry for a defence against a counterattack . After the War he served in War Office before becoming Brigade Major of 1st Rhine Brigade in 1921 . He was appointed an Instructor at the Staff College , Camberley in 1932 , Military Attaché at the British Embassy in Berlin in 1935 and Deputy Director of Staff Duties at the War Office in 1937 . He served in Second World War on the General Staff of the British Expeditionary Force before becoming General Officer Commanding 2nd Armoured Division in 1939 and then , following an accident in April 1940 , being invalided out of the Army in 1941 .
Six Divisions of Cavalry The Six Divisions of Cavalry ( Altı Bölük ) was a corps of mounted elite soldiers in the Ottoman army . There were not really six but four division s . Two of the six were sub - divisions . The divisions were : The elite cavalry was the mounted counterpart to the Janissaries and played an important part in the Ottoman army . The Six Divisions were probably founded during the reign of Sultan Mehmed II ( 1451 - 1481 ) , but the Sipahis had existed since 1326 .
Richard Wadeson Colonel Richard Wadeson VC ( 31 July 1826 – 24 January 1885 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Victoria Cross . Wadeson was 30 years old , and a lieutenant in the 75th Regiment of Foot ( later The Gordon Highlanders ) , British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 18 July 1857 at Delhi , British India , for which he was awarded the VC : Later life . Commissioned from the ranks he later achieved the rank of colonel . He died in 1885 and is buried in Brompton Cemetery . Wadeson was colonel - in - charge of Chelsea Barracks and has a plaque on barracks wall . He was also Lieutenant Governor of the Royal Chelsea Hospital where he died . Medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Gordon Highlanders Museum , Aberdeen , Scotland .
Sixth Army ( Ottoman Empire ) The Sixth Army of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish : " Altıncı Ordu " ) was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army . It was formed in the middle 19th century during Ottoman military reforms . Formations . Order of Battle , 1877 . In 1877 , it was stationed in Baghdad . It was composed of : Order of Battle , 1908 . After the Young Turk Revolution and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era on July 3 , 1908 , new government initiate a major military reform . Army headquarters were modernized . Its operational area was Mesopotamia . It commanded the following active divisions : The Sixth Army also had inspectorate functions for four " Redif " ( reserve ) divisions : World War I . Order of Battle , August 1914 . In August 1914 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , Late April 1915 . In Late April 1915 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , Late Summer 1915 . In Late Summer 1915 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , January 1916 . In January 1916 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , August 1916 . In August 1916 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , December 1916 . In December 1916 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , August 1917 , January 1918 , June 1918 . In August 1917 , January , June 1918 , the army was structured as follows : Order of Battle , September 1918 . In September 1918 , the army was structured as follows : After Mudros . Order of Battle , November 1918 . In November 1918 , the army was structured as follows :
Seidenhauskaserne The Seidenhauskaserne ( literally " silk house kaserne " ) , also called Artillerie - Kaserne , was a smaller military facility of the Bavarian army , located at " Hofgarten Strasse 1 " in Munich , Germany , which existed from 1808 until 1899 . History . Because the existing barracks of the Munich garrison had an unfavourable tactical location , and some of them fell into disrepair , in 1803 the Bavarian army rented the old court silk factory building to accommodate their artillery troops in the south - eastern corner of the Hofgarten at the northern outskirts of old Munich , nearby the new Hofgartenkaserne , which was under construction since 1801 . Due to the epidemic of typhoid in the Hofgarten - and the Seidenhauskaserne in 1893 , a meeting of scientists , physicians , military , engineers and representatives of the city was scheduled to clarify the reasons . Chairman of the meeting was the Bavarian minister of war Adolph von Asch . Due to a missing uniform conclusion , von Asch decided to apply for closing the barracks at prince regent Luitpold , who accepted the motion on July 18 , 1893 . The Seidenhauskaserne was fully evacuated in 1899 . The building slated for demolition in 1900 to make way for an army museum .
Ulrich Wöhnert Ulrich Wöhnert ( 24 October 1914 – 14 August 1947 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . During his career he was credited with 86 aerial victories , all over the Eastern Front .
Pindad PS - 01 The Pindad PS - 01 ( " Pistol Serbu " ) is a PDW - caliber pistol being developed by Pindad of Indonesia . Chambered in the locally produced 5 . 56x21mm armor - piercing ammunition with a 18 - round magazine , it is presumably no longer manufactured as of now .
Vyvyan Evelegh Major - General Vyvyan Evelegh CB OBE DSO ( 1898 – 1958 ) was a British army officer during World War II . Miitary career . Evelegh was commissioned into the Duke of Cornwall ' s Light Infantry in 1918 , and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 November . He was promoted to captain on 8 July 1927 , appointed brigade major of the 130th Devon and Cornwall Infantry Brigade on 1 April 1935 , appointed brigade major of the 6th Infantry Brigade on 23 May 1937 and seconded to the staff . He was brevetted to major on 1 July and promoted to the substantive rank of major on 14 October . Brevetted to lieutenant - colonel on 1 January 1939 , Evelegh relinquished his appointment as brigade major on 16 April and was appointed a GSO 2nd Grade on 3 July . On the outbreak of war , he was promoted to war substantive lieutenant - colonel . He was appointed an instructor at the Staff College , Camberley in 1940 , and was promoted to brigadier and appointed Commander of 11th Infantry Brigade in 1941 . He was promoted to colonel on 18 May 1942 ( seniority 1 January ) . On 13 June , he was promoted to the acting rank of major - general and appointed Assistant Commandant at the Staff College , Camberley . Promoted to temporary major - general on 13 June 1943 , he commanded 78th Infantry Division until December 1943 , when he swapped commands with Charles Keightley , commander of 6th Armoured Division . He continued his war service as Assistant Chief of the Imperial General Staff from 1944 to 1945 . After the war , he was promoted to the substantive rank of major - general on 29 December 1946 ( seniority 19 July 1944 ) He became General Officer Commanding North - West District and then General Officer Commanding 42nd Division before retiring on 13 November 1950 . He was colonel of the Duke of Cornwall ' s Light Infantry from 1953 to 1958 .
Delay - action bomb A delay - action bomb is an aerial bomb designed to explode some time after impact , with the bomb ' s fuze s set to delay the explosion for times ranging from very brief to several weeks . Short delays were used to allow the bomb to penetrate before exploding : " a delay action bomb striking the roof of a tall building will penetrate through several floors before bursting " ; longer delays were intended to disrupt salvage and other activities , and spread terror , in areas where there could still be live bombs , and to attack bomb disposal workers . Such bombs were used widely by British and German bomber aircraft during World War II . One use was to hamper and delay reconstruction and repair of bombed airfields . Towards the end of the war both British and German bombs became de facto mines , with secondary fuze mechanisms activated by light , tilting , magnets ( used by bomb disposal workers to try to disable a possible steel clockwork mechanism ) , etc . , to kill those trying to disarm them .
Rogožarski AZR The Rogožarski AŽR ( Serbian Cyrillic : Рогожарски АЖР ) was a single - engined , two - seat biplane aircraft designed as a trainer in Yugoslavia before World War II . It was designed and built at the Rogožarski factory in Belgrade . Design and development . William Schuster , a flight engineer , designed the AŽR at the end of 1929 . The first test flight of the prototype was conducted by a factory test pilot on 5 November 1930 . The aircraft was a biplane with the lower wing smaller than the upper . It was equipped with a seven cylinder Walter Castor air - cooled radial engine of 240 hp and a wooden double - bladed propeller . The plane had dual controls , the two crew ( pilot and flight instructor ) , sat one behind the other . It was to be employed as an intermediate trainer , replacing the outdated Hansa - Brandenburg C . I . The fuselage , which was of rectangular cross - section , was made of wood and covered with plywood . The wings had rounded ends , each was connected by a pair of metal struts and wire tensioners . Construction of the wing involved the use of wood covered with canvas . The landing gear was fixed and had no axle . Operational history . After the completion of factory tests , the aircraft was examined by the Yugoslav Royal Air Force Commission but it did not allow mass production due to a number of perceived shortcomings in the machines ' handling . The aircraft was only used in 1931 for advertising purposes , demonstration flights and participation in air shows . It also competeted in the King ' s Cup and the like ; AZR still hoped to come to some arrangement with the military . This did not happen , Rogozarski withdrew from aircraft design , the prototype was registered as a civilian plane and used by the factory . It received the civil registration UN - PAU . In the meantime , the economic situation was such that the AŽR was standing in its hangar , waiting for better days ; despite bank loans , there was a distinct lack of orders and the company went bankrupt in 1933 . Circumstances improved in the summer of 1934 when the Yugoslav Air Force bought the AZR and the fortunes of the factory improved , becoming a shareholder company . The AŽR was used as a trainer until 1937 .
USS Mingoe ( 1863 ) USS " Mingoe " ( 1863 ) was a large steamer purchased by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . With her heavy guns , she was planned by the Union Navy for use as a bombardment gunboat , but also as an interceptor gunboat stationed off Confederate waterways to prevent their trading with foreign countries . A side wheel steam gunboat , " Mingoe " was built under contract with D . S . Mainthon at Bordentown , New Jersey ; was launched 6 August 1863 ; and commissioned 29 July 1864 at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , Comdr . J . B . Creighton in command . " Mingoe " joined the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron 13 August 1864 and performed blockade duty in the St . Johns River and off Charleston , South Carolina , until the end of the year . In February 1865 , she assisted William Tecumseh Sherman ’ s Army in its advance up the James River . After the end of the conflict , " Mingoe " returned to Philadelphia and laid up at League Island until sold 3 October 1867 .
Thomas Edwards ( VC ) Thomas Edwards VC ( 19 April 1863 – 27 March 1953 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was 20 years old , and a private in the 1st Battalion , The Black Watch ( Royal Highlanders ) , British Army during the Mahdist War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 13 March 1884 at the Battle of Tamai , Sudan , when both members of the crew of one of the Gatling gun s had been killed , Private Edwards , after bayoneting two Arabs and himself receiving a wound from a spear , remained with the gun , defending it throughout the action . His citation reads : The medal . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Black Watch Museum in Balhousie Castle , Perth , Scotland .
Vought FU The Vought FU was a biplane fighter aircraft of the United States Navy in service during the late 1920s . Pleased with the company ' s VE - 7 , in 1926 the Navy gave Vought a $ 459 , 709 contract for convertible land / sea 20 fighters . Vought already had a two - seat observation plane , the UO - 1 , basically a VE with additional fuselage streamlining and a Wright J - 3 radial engine . This was made into a fighter simply by covering over the front cockpit of the observation plane , mounting machine guns in that area , and upgrading to a 220 hp Wright R - 790 Whirlwind with a supercharger . With the help of the supercharger , the newly designated FU - 1 was able to reach a speed of 147 mph at 13 , 000 ft . The FU - 1s were delivered to VF - 2B based in San Diego , California . With their float gear mounted , one was assigned to each of the battleship s of the Pacific Fleet , where they were launched from catapult s . They spent 8 months in this role , but as the squadron went to aircraft carrier operations , the further - aft cockpit proved to a visibility problem when maneuvering around a carrier deck . In response , the forward cockpit was re - opened , the result being designated FU - 2 . By this time they were no longer state - of - the - art , and the two - seaters primarily served as trainers and utility aircraft .
Battle of Bauds Battle of Bauds was a battle fought in 962 in an area known as the Bauds , south of Findochty and West of Cullen , Scotland between Scotland under king Indulf , and Norse pirates . The Vikings had been raiding and burning through Scotland , and had won numerous victorious skirmishes against the Scots , including the Battle of Dollar . However , in this battle , the Norsemen were defeated . Afterwards , Norse control in Scotland fell apart . However , Indulf was killed in the battle .
1st Vermont Cavalry The 1st Regiment , Vermont Volunteer Cavalry ( or 1st VVC ) was a three years ' cavalry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It served in the Eastern Theater from November 1861 to August 1865 , in the Cavalry Corps , Army of the Potomac . The regiment was mustered into Federal service on November 19 , 1861 , at Burlington , Vermont . It was engaged in , or present at 76 engagements during the course of the war , from Mount Jackson on April 16 , 1862 , to Appomattox Court House , on April 9 , 1865 , including the 1862 and 1864 Shenandoah Valley campaigns , the Gettysburg Campaign , the Overland Campaign and the Siege of Petersburg , plus many skirmishes not connected to a particular campaign , such as the Skirmish at Miskel Farm . The regiment most notably participated in BG Elon Farnsworth ' s unsuccessful attack on the Confederate right flank on the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg . Maj William Wells led a battalion in that attack , with Farnsworth by his side . Lieut : Col Addison W . Preston commanded the regiment . The regiment ' s monument stands on the Sluyder Field , near the site where BG Evander Law ' s brigade repelled the Union attack . The regiment lost during service : 112 killed and mortally wounded , 159 died in Confederate prisons , 7 died from accidents and 114 died by disease ; total loss 392 . The regiment mustered out of service on August 9 , 1865 .
Edmund Sebree Edmund Bower Sebree ( January 7 , 1898 - June 25 , 1966 ) was a decorated general and commander of US Army forces during World War II and Korean War . Early life . Edmund Bower Sebree was born on January 7 , 1898 in the city of Olney , Illinois as a son of Milton Eddy and Catella Sebree . He attended a Cornell University in New York and after one year , Sebree was transferred to the United States Military Academy at West Point . He was commissioned as infantry Second Lieutenant on November 1 , 1918 . His first assignment was with American Expeditionary Forces during occupation duties in Weimar Germany in 1919 . After return back from the Europe , Sebree attended a training course at United States Army Infantry School at Fort Benning and then , in 1920 , Sebree was assigned to the 3rd Infantry Regiment at Chilkoot Barracks , Alaska , where he spent next three years . Following a service between years 1923 - 1928 with 21st Infantry Regiment at Vancouver Barracks , Washington and with 31st Infantry Regiment at Manila , Philippine Islands , Sebree was appointed a professor of military science and tactics at Western Military Academy in Alton , Illinois . After four years at Western Military Academy , Sebree was transferred back to the Philippine Islands , where he was assigned to the 45th Infantry Regiment . In 1936 , newly promoted Captain Sebree was ordered back to States , where he attended a special officers course at Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth , Kansas . After completion of course , Captain Sebree was appointed an Aide to Major general Herbert J . Brees , commander of VIII Corps at Fort Sam Houston , Texas . Sebree spent over three years in that capacity and in 1940 , he was transferred to the staff of the 9th Infantry Division under command of Major General Jacob L . Devers . But Sebree spent there only few months and was subsequently transferred to the personnel division of the War Department General Staff . Second World War . During the strategically significant Guadalcanal Campaign in 1942 , Sebree was assigned to the Americal Division under command of Major general Alexander M . Patch , as its Assistant Division Commander . Brigadier general Sebree assumed command of entire Americal Division at the beginning of the January , 1943 , when Major general Patch was appointed a commander of the XIV Corps . Briefly commanded the Americal Division units engaged with Japanese forces for control of the island . Following the Guadalcanal Campaign , General Sebree was returned to the U . S . to train and deploy with the 35th Infantry Division , serving as its Assistant Division Commander . During the Lorraine Campaign , Sebree led an independent task force of infantry and armored units with artillery and supporting arms in the liberation of Nancy . After the war , he served as the first Defense Attache to Australia . He was also the commander of TRUST ( TRieste United States Troops ) in the Free Territory of Trieste . Decorations . Ribbon bar with the list of Major general Edmund B . Sebree´s decorations :
Battle of Isonzo ( 489 ) The Battle of Isonzo is the name given to the battle fought on August 28 , 489 on the banks of the Isontius River , not far away from Aquileia . This river is now known as the Isonzo in Italian , and Soča in Slovene . This battle should not be confused with the 12 battles of Isonzo during World War I . Theoderic the Great , king of the Ostrogoths , in 489 opened his first campaign against Odoacer to wrest Italy from him . On 28 August , the two armies met on the banks of the Isontius . Theoderic defeated Odoacer , who retreated . A second battle was fought at Verona .