naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
James Thompson ( VC ) ( William ) James Thompson VC ( 1830 – 5 December 1891 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Thompson was about 27 years old , and a private in the 1st Battalion , 60th Rifles ( King ' s Royal Rifle Corps ) , British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 9 July 1857 at Delhi , British India Thompson was one of five men of the 1 / 60th elected under Section 13 of the Royal Warrant to receive the Victoria Cross for the Siege of Delhi . Two months later he was badly wounded in the assault on Delhi on 14 September 1857 , the opening day of the battle that lasted until 20 September 1857 when the city was cleared of insurgents . His left arm was amputated and he was invalided out of the Army . The citation , published in the " London Gazette " of 20 January 1860 , concludes with a commendation for his ‘ conspicuous conduct throughout the siege ’ . The citation does not specify Delhi and some sources have interpreted the siege to be the more famous Siege of Lucknow although Thompson was not at Lucknow . The 1 / 60th was part of the Siege of Delhi , the other four 1 / 60th citations do state Delhi and the action saving the life of Captain Wilton on 9 July 1857 occurred at Delhi . Thompson was at Delhi between July and September 1857 by which time he had been severely wounded and saw no further active service . Memorials . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum in Winchester , England . In December 2009 , a memorial plaque to Thompson and two other recipients of the Victoria Cross , John Henry Carless and Charles George Bonner , was unveiled at the Town Hall in Walsall , England . There is a small memorial plaque in St Peter ' s Church , Yoxall , Staffordshire . It reads : References . FindaGrave profile
Ulanhu Ulanhu ( ; " red son " ; ; originally ; 1906 - December 8 , 1988 ) was the founder of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China , Ulanhu had the nickname of " Mongolian Khan " during his political career . Career . Ulanhu joined the Socialist League of China which was the later Communist Youth League of China ) , In 1925 , he joined the Communist Party of China and was sent to Moscow Sun Yat - sen University to study Communism . In 1929 , when he returned from his studies . Ulanhu began organizing communist rallies in Mongolia , and was appointed a Committee Member of the CCP ' s West - Mongolia Working Committee . In 1931 , Ulanhu was chosen to run the military and intelligence offices in Mongolia . During the Second World War , Ulanhu led his forces to stop the Japanese from advancing towards Hohhot and led his officers to march to Shanbei where he continued battling against the Japanese forces . During the Chinese Civil War , Ulanhu was one of the commanders of the Battle of Pingjin and the Battle of Liaoshen , he also led his Communist forces to destroy the local bandits and anti - communist forces in Mongolia . Ulanhu also successfully liberated Inner Mongolia and was elected the Acting Governor and Chairman of the Autonomous Government of Inner Mongolia . In 1955 , was awarded the rank of Senior General . He was secretary and chairman of Inner Mongolia from 1947 until his purge in 1966 / 67 , during the Cultural Revolution . However , Ulanhu was not killed during the Cultural Revolution , as Zhou Enlai managed to protect him . Ulanhu was rehabilitated in 1973 and , among various other post , served as China ' s Vice - President under President Li Xiannian from 1983 - 1988 . His son and granddaughter , Buhe and Bu Xiaolin , are both politically active within the Communist Party .
Treaty of Teusina The Treaty of Teusina , Tyavzin or Tyavzino ( ) , also known as the Eternal Peace with Sweden in Russia , was concluded by Russian diplomats under boyar Afanasiy Pushkin ( the poet ' s ancestor ) and ambassadors of the Swedish king at the village of Tyavzino ( , ) in Ingria on May 18 , 1595 to end the Russo - Swedish War ( 1590 – 1595 ) between the powers . The treaty revised the provisions of the Truce of Plussa of 1583 , restoring to Russia all territory then ceded to Sweden except for Narva . Russia received most of Ingria , with the towns of Ivangorod , Jama , Koporye and Korela Fortress . In effect , the treaty restored borders predating the Livonian War . The Swedish - Russian border was delineated from the outstream of the Systerbäck river into the Gulf of Finland , over lakes Saimaa , Inari , the settlement of Neiden and up to the Murman Sea . Russia had to renounce all claims on Estonia including Narva , and Sweden ' s sovereignty over Estonia from 1561 was confirmed . Sweden regained control over Ingria by the Treaty of Stolbovo in 1617 , following the Ingrian War .
CBU - 87 Combined Effects Munition The CBU - 87 Combined Effects Munition is a cluster bomb used by the United States Air Force , developed by Aerojet General / Honeywell and introduced in 1986 to replace the earlier cluster bombs used in the Vietnam War . CBU stands for Cluster Bomb Unit . When the CBU - 87 is used in conjunction with the Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser ( WCMD ) guidance tail kit , it becomes a precision - guided weapon , designated CBU - 103 . The CBU - 87 without WCMD is designed to be dropped from an aircraft at any altitude and any air speed . It is a free - falling bomb and relies on the aircraft to aim it before it drops ; once dropped it needs no further instruction , as opposed to guided munition s or smart bomb s . The bomb can be dropped by a variety of modern - day aircraft . It is 7 feet , 7 inches ( 2 . 33 meters ) long , has a diameter of 16 inches ( 40 centimeters ) , and weighs roughly 950 pounds ( 430 kg ) . The price is US $ 14 , 000 per bomb . Each CBU - 87 consists of an SUU - 65B canister , a fuse with 12 time selections and 202 submunitions ( or bomblet s ) designated BLU - 97 / B Combined Effects Bomb ( CEB ) . Each bomblet is a yellow cylinder with a length of 20 centimeters and a diameter of 6 centimeters . The BLU - 97 / B bomblets are designed to be used against armour , personnel and softskin targets and consist of a shaped charge , a scored steel fragmentation case and a zirconium ring for incendiary effects . The CBU - 87 can also be equipped with an optional FZU - 39 / B proximity sensor with 10 altitude selections . When dropped from an aircraft , the bomb starts spinning . There are 6 speeds that can adjust the bomb ' s rate of spin . After it drops to a certain altitude , the canister breaks open and the submunitions are released . Each bomblet has a ring of tabs at the tail end , these orient the bomblet and deploy an inflatable decelerator to decrease the falling speed of the bomblet . When the submunitions hit the ground , they will cover a large area and the CBU - 87 can be adjusted so it can cover a smaller or wider area . Depending on the rate of spin and the altitude at which the canister opens , it can cover an area between 20x20 meters ( low release altitude and a slow rate of spin ) to 120x240 meters ( high release altitude and a high rate of spin ) . Manufacturers and the Department of Defense have claimed that the failure rate for each bomb is about 5 % . This would mean that of the 202 bomblets dropped , about 10 will not explode on impact . Landmine Action has claimed the failure rate of the BLU - 97 / Bs used in the Kosovo campaign was higher , between 7 and 8 percent . Operational use . During Operation Desert Storm , the US Air Force dropped 10 , 035 CBU - 87s . During Operation Allied Force , the US dropped about 1 , 100 cluster bombs , mostly CBU - 87s . On May 7 , 1999 , a CBU - 87 was used in one of the most serious incidents involving civilian deaths and cluster bombs , the cluster bombing of Niš .
Carpenter ' s mate Carpenter ' s mate ( CM ) was a United States Navy rating throughout the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century . The rating was established in 1797 , and separate pay grades were implemented in 1893 . The sleeve insignia for the rating depicted two crossed axes . Responsibilities of carpenter ' s mates included maintaining ship ventilation , watertight control , painting , and drainage . During the era of wooden ships , carpenter ' s mates were charged with maintaining the integrity of the ship ' s hull . In times of battle , carpenter ' s mates would fight fires and use plugs to patch holes in the hull . In 1948 , the rating was changed to damage controlman .
20th Minesweeping Flotilla ( Australia ) The 20th Minesweeping Flotilla was a Royal Australian Navy minesweeping flotilla that operated during World War II . Formed on 9 December 1939 and styled in the naming convention for minesweeping flotilla names used by the Royal Navy , the flotilla consisted of HMAS " Swan " , " Yarra " , " Doomba " and " Orara " . The makeup of the flotilla changed during the course of the war .
Nigel Guild Rear - Admiral Nigel Charles Forbes Guild CB ( born 9 February 1949 ) is a former Royal Navy officer who went on to be Controller of the Navy . Naval career . Educated at Bryanston School , Trinity College , Cambridge and the Royal Naval College , Dartmouth , Guild joined the Royal Navy in 1966 . Promoted to Captain in 1990 , he was appointed Military Assistant to the Chief of Defence Procurement . In 1996 he became Director of Combat Systems and Equipment at the Procurement Executive and in 1998 he took charge of the implementation of the " smart " procurement system . Promoted to Rear Admiral in 2000 , he was made Controller of the Navy as well as an Executive Director of the Defence Procurement Agency and then , from 2004 , he became Senior Responsible Owner ( Carrier Strike Capability ) as well as Chief Naval Engineer Officer . He retired from the Navy in 2009 . He is President of the Institute of Marine Engineering , Science and Technology . Family . In 1971 he married Felicity .
USS Charlotte ( PF - 60 ) USS " Charlotte " ( PF - 60 ) , a , was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named " Charlotte " . The third " Charlotte " ( PF - 60 ) was launched on 30 October 1943 by Globe Shipbuilding Company , in Superior , Wisconsin , under a Maritime Commission contract , sponsored by Mrs . R . Billings ; placed in service on 19 July 1944 ; commissioned on 9 October 1944 , with Commander R . D . Dean , USCG , in command ; and reported to the U . S . Atlantic Fleet . Service history . " Charlotte " cleared Boston , Massachusetts , on 8 January 1945 to take up what was to be her primary mission through her naval service , sailing to NS Argentia , Newfoundland , where she took up weather station duty . Flashing news of weather conditions from her post at sea , she helped make it possible for specialists to prepare weather predictions . This information not only affected flight operations and ship movements in the western Atlantic where she patrolled , but since weather in general moves to the eastward , aided in predicting European conditions . Between 21 and 26 March 1945 , " Charlotte " aided and , rendezvousing at sea with the ice - damaged gunboats and towing them to Argentia . Later , she towed " Tenacity " to Boston , but by 5 April was back on her weather station . Similar duty in the North Atlantic , during which she kept alert for the possibility of rescuing downed aviators , continued until 17 January 1946 , when she sailed from Boston for a weather station off Bermuda . " Charlotte " arrived at Norfolk , Virginia , on 15 March 1946 , and was decommissioned there on 16 April 1946 . She was sold for scrapping on 13 May , but instead was converted to a coastal passenger ship for Brazil . The ship was scrapped in 1965 .
Friedrich Banach Friedrich Banach ( 2 January 1916 – 13 March 1943 ) was a highly decorated Oberfeldwebel in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Friedrich Banach was killed on 13 March 1943 in Zaporizhia , Ukraine .
Infanterie - Regiment Nr . 405 Infanterie - Regiment Nr . 405 was a war - time formation in the German Imperial Army during the First World War . It was created late 1916 and was attached to the 405 . Infanterie - Brigade of the 203 . Infanterie - Division . It defended the Narva town against the Gdov and Yamburg Detachments of the 7th Red Army on the north wing of the Soviet westward offensive of 1918 – 1919 on 22 November 1918 . Thereafter on 28 November 1918 , the 6th Red Rifle Division attacked units of the Estonian Defence League ( partly consisting of secondary school pupils ) and the German Infanterie - Regiment Nr . 405 again marking the beginning of the Estonian War of Independence . The red rifle division captured the city on 28 November . The Infanterie - Regiment Nr . 405 thereafter withdrew westwards .
John Sadler ( historian ) John Sadler is a British historian specialising in the Anglo - Scottish Border conflicts during the Middle Ages . Saddler is a regular contributor to military and historical journals and has published a number of books on the subject . He has taught and tutored history as well .
American Legion Soldier American Legion Soldier is a public artwork by German - born American artist Adolph Wolter , located at the American Legion building on K Street , N . W . in Washington , D . C . , United States . " American Legion Soldier " was surveyed as part of the Smithsonian ' s Save Outdoor Sculpture ! program in 1993 . Description . This sculpture depicts a male figure dressed in a combination of World War I and World War II battle fatigues . His shirt is unbuttoned and dogtag s hang around his neck . A rifle is slung over his right shoulder and he holds a grenade in his left hand . He wears a helmet on his head and his pants are tucked into his boots . He steps on a snake with his right foot , the snake represents the enemy . The sculpture is installed on a small ledge on the facade of the American Legion building , forty feet above the sidewalk . Information . The model for the sculpture was Lt . Hulon B . Whittington who won a Medal of Honor in World War II . The sculpture , which was carved by Frank Bowden , was carved in ninety days at Adolph Wolter ' s studio in Indianapolis , Indiana . Acquisition . The sculpture cost $ 5 , 200 to produce and erect . It was dedicated on August 14 , 1951 and President Harry S . Truman spoke at the dedication ceremony .
John Jones ( Medal of Honor ) John Jones ( August 25 , 1841 – August 15 , 1907 ) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of America ' s highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the American Civil War . Biography . As a Landsman serving on the , Jones assisted in the rescue of crew from the sinking ironclad . Jones later reached the rank of Ordinary Seaman . He is buried in an unmarked grave in St . Mary ' s Cemetery , Portsmouth , New Hampshire . Medal of Honor citation . Landsman Jones ' official Medal of Honor citation reads : Served on board the U . S . S . " Rhode Island " , which was engaged in saving the lives of the officers and crew of the " Monitor " , 30 December 1862 . Participating in the hazardous rescue of the officers and crew of the sinking " Monitor " , Jones , after rescuing several of the men , became separated in a heavy gale with other members of the cutter that had set out from the " Rhode Island " , and spent many hours in the small boat at the mercy of the weather and high seas until finally picked up by a schooner 50 miles east of Cape Hatteras
10 . 15×61mmR The 10 . 15×61 mmR cartridge was designed by a joint Swedish - Norwegian rifle commission in the late 1870s and early 1880s , and approved for use in Sweden and Norway in 1881 . It was primarily used by Norway in the Model 1884 Jarmann rifle , but also saw limited use in Sweden in the m / 1867 - 84 rolling block rifle and carbine ( " kammarskjutningsgevär m / 1884 " and " kammarskjutningskarbin m / 1884 " , which were primarily used for gallery shooting , that is short range training ) . It is a rimmed , centerfire cartridge , and was initially loaded with black powder and a lead bullet wrapped in paper . Later cartridges were loaded with smokeless powder and had a lead bullet coated in steel ( Full metal jacket , or FMJ ) . The earliest version had a load of 4 . 46 g of black powder , and a projectile weighing 21 . 85 g . This gave a muzzle velocity of 500 m / s . The later version , with a full metal jacket , was loaded to produce the same muzzle velocity . All in all , more than 3 million cartridges were manufactured for military use in Norway , as well as more than 2 million ordered from abroad . The majority of these were sold with the Jarmann rifles when the Norwegian Army introduced the Krag - Jørgensen . The following variations on the 10 . 15x61mmR cartridge have been identified :
NATO Medium Extended Air Defense System Management Agency The NATO Medium Extended Air Defense System Management Agency ( NAMEADSMA ) is located in Huntsville , Alabama . The agency was founded by NATO in July 1996 to oversee the tri - national Medium Extended Air Defense System ( MEADS ) , a joint military project intended to replace the aging MIM - 104 Patriot missile system . The United States funds 58 percent of the MEADS program , and European partners Germany and Italy provide 25 percent and 17 percent respectively . MEADS development work is allocated in accordance with national funding . Personnel from the United States , Germany , and Italy staff the agency . As contracting authority providing management of the MEADS program on behalf of the participating nations , NAMEADSMA is responsible for managing the system acquisition . The U . S . and Italy signed the Design and Development ( D & D ) MOU on 24 and 27 September 2004 , respectively . The NAMEADSMA awarded the MEADS D & D letter contract to MEADS International Inc . on 28 September 2004 , initiating the MEADS Design and Development ( D & D ) phase . The MOU was amended in March 2005 by the U . S . and Italy to allow the German Parliament additional time for their signature decision , and on 22 April 2005 Germany signed the MOU . NAMEADSMA awarded a $ 3 . 4 billion D & D definitized contract to MEADS International Inc . on 31 May 2005 . MEADS is being developed in accordance with International Common Operational Requirements that call for capabilities not met by current systems . MEADS incorporates the hit - to - kill PAC - 3 MSE missile in a system that includes 360 - degree surveillance and fire control sensors , netted - distributed battle management / communication centers , and high - firepower launchers . The system combines superior battlefield protection with unprecedented flexibility , allowing it to protect maneuver forces and to provide homeland defense against tactical ballistic missiles , cruise missiles , unmanned aerial vehicles , and aircraft .
Rickard D . Gwydir Major Rickard Daniel Gwydir ( November 7 , 1844 – November 7 , 1925 ) was a Confederate soldier , Indian agent , and early Washington pioneer . Biography . Gwydir was born in Calcutta , India to Richard McKenna Gwydir , a Protestant Irish soldier in the British Army , and Jane Prendible , also Irish . His father died of cholera when he was two , and his mother took him to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and later Brooklyn , New York City before settling in Kentucky in the 1850s . By that time she had remarried to Daniel Ruttle . In 1861 , at the age of 16 , Gwydir enlisted in the Confederate States Army , spying and scouting for John Hunt Morgan ' s raiders of Covington , Kentucky . After the American Civil War , Gwydir worked for his stepfather in the pork packing and distillation business before embarking on his long career in public service . He served as Covington ' s Superintendent of Public Works and city auditor , and as gauger for the Internal Revenue Service . In 1886 , President Grover Cleveland appointed Gwydir Indian agent to the Colville Indian Reservation in Northeast Washington . This began his life as a pioneer , diplomat , administrator , and appreciator of Indian and pioneer life . In 1889 he prospected gold and mined the remote hills of the Inland Empire , and he served as Chinese Inspector for the Treasury from 1893 to 1898 . In 1901 Gwydir settled in Spokane and became a prominent resident and respected public servant there . Newspapers from the era refer to him frequently ; he was known as the " Barbecue King of the Inland Empire " as well as for his vigorous health . Although Gwydir served as Indian agent after sweeping reforms in Indian policy , the paternalistic attitude towards Native Americans typical of the time is evident in his writings . Nonetheless , his fair dealings with the tribes in his charge earned him their respect , and he repeatedly urged the government to provide more material support to the Indians , especially when promises had yet to be kept . Gwydir left a memoir of his frontier experiences wherein he recorded oral traditions of both settlers and Indians . He wrote and commented on Okanogan Smith , Chief Tonasket , Chief Joseph , Chief Moses , and Skolaskin , the prophet - chief of the fiercely independent Sanpoil . His chief concern in his writings is the preservation of the history of the early settlers of the region and the recognition of their efforts to tame the wild country .
Amazon - class sloop The " Amazon " class was a class of six screw sloop s of wooden construction built for the Royal Navy between 1865 and 1866 . Construction . Design . Designed by Edward Reed , the Royal Navy Director of Naval Construction , they were equipped with a ram bow . The hull was of wooden construction , but they were the first class of sloops to incorporate a form of composite construction ; they had iron cross beams while retaining wooden framing . Propulsion . Propulsion was provided by a two - cylinder horizontal single - expansion steam engine by Ravenhill , Salkeld & Company driving a single screw . " Vestal " and " Nymphe " were fitted with three - cylinder Maudslay engines . Sail plan . All the ships of the class were built with a barque rig . Armament . The class was designed with two 7 - inch ( 6½ - ton ) muzzle loading rifled guns mounted on slides on centre - line pivots , and two 64 - pounder muzzle loading rifled guns on broadside trucks . " Dryad " , " Nymphe " and " Vestal " were rearmed in the early 1870s with an armament of nine 64 - pounder muzzle loading rifled guns , four each side and a centre - line pivot mount at the bow .
USS Halcyon ( SP - 1658 ) The United States Navy patrol vessel USS " Halcyon " , was built by the Defoe Shipbuilding Company , in Bay City , Michigan , in 1912 . She was taken over by the US Navy from her owner , G . G . Barnum , at Duluth , Minnesota , on 16 June 1917 . After serving briefly on section patrol in the Great Lakes , 9th Naval District , " Halcyon " was returned to her owner on 5 November 1917 .