naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Sudbury ( ID - 2149 ) USS " Sudbury " ( ID - 2149 ) was a United States Navy cargo ship in commission from 1918 to 1919 . " Sudbury " was built in 1917 at Chester , Pennsylvania , by the Chester Shipbuilding Corporation as the commercial cargo ship SS " Sudbury " for the Shawmut Line . The U . S . Navy acquired " Sudbury " for World War I service on 5 March 1918 and commissioned her the same day at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , as USS " Sudbury " with the naval registry Identification Number ( Id . No . ) 2149 . Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service , " Sudbury " loaded a cargo of United States Army supplies and departed Philadelphia on 20 March 1918 for New York City , where she joined a convoy that got underway for France on 24 March 1918 . She arrived at Brest , France , on 8 April 1918 . From there , she proceeded to Bordeaux , France , unloaded her cargo , and departed on 5 May 1918 for New York City . " Sudbury " made three more voyages to France in 1918 . On 10 January 1919 , " Sudbury " departed Philadelphia for Trieste . She completed the round - trip by arriving at Philadelphia on 3 April 1919 . On 11 April 1919 , " Sudbury " was decommissioned , stricken from the Navy List , and returned to her owner .
Bombers Bombers are any large aircraft that specializes in the carrying , delivering , or dropping explosive warheads on enemy lines . Bombers work as weapons of mass destruction , being used to drop anywhere from 1 to even 100 bombs in a row onto the ground below , whether it being a building , vehicle , or person . Over the years bombers have become more complex in both the delivering and dropping of bombs , being able to approach structures without any detection and drop a bomb perfectly enough to land on the head of a pin . Classification . Strategic . Strategic bombing are heavy bomber s primarily designed for long - range bombing missions against strategic target s such as supply bases , bridges , factories , shipyards , and cities themselves , in order to damage an enemy ' s war effort . Current examples include the strategic nuclear - armed strategic bomber s : B - 2 Spirit , B - 52 Stratofortress , Tupolev Tu - 95 ' Bear ' , Tupolev Tu - 22M ' Backfire ' ; historically notable examples are the : Gotha G , Avro Lancaster , Heinkel He - 111 , Junkers Ju 88 , B - 17 Flying Fortress , B - 24 Liberator , B - 29 Superfortress , and Tupolev Tu - 16 ' Badger ' . Tactical . Tactical bombing , aimed at enemy military units and installations , is typically assigned to smaller aircraft operating at shorter ranges , typically along the troops on the ground or sea . This role is filled by various aircraft tactical bomber classes , as different as light bomber s , medium bomber s , dive bomber s , interdictor s , fighter - bomber s , ground - attack aircraft , multirole combat aircraft , among others . Current examples : F - 15E Strike Eagle , F / A - 18 Hornet , Sukhoi Su - 34 Fullback , Chengdu J - 10 , Xian JH - 7 , Dassault - Breguet Mirage 2000 , and the Panavia Tornado ; historical examples : Ilyushin Il - 2 " Shturmovik " , Heinkel He 111 , Dornier Do 17 , Dornier Do 215 , Junkers Ju 88 , Junkers Ju 87 " Stuka " , P - 47 Thunderbolt , Hawker Typhoon , and F - 4 Phantom II . History . Bombers have been used as the diabolial war machines they are now since the first World War ,
Edmund Roßmann Edmund " Paule " Roßmann ( 11 January 1918 – 4 April 2005 ) was a German World War II fighter ace and was credited with 93 aerial victories achieved in 640 combat missions , among the numerous ground attack missions . A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat . He is also noted as being an early mentor of Erich Hartmann , history ' s leading fighter ace . Unteroffizier " Paule " Roßmann was transferred to 7 . / Jagdgeschwader 52 ( JG 52 — 7th Squadron of the 52nd Fighter Wing ) on 1 March 1940 and participated in the Battle of France and Battle of Britain . He was credited with six aerial victories in the western theatre before JG 52 was deployed to Operation Barbarossa . By the end of 1941 he had accumulated 32 aerial victories . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross after 250 combat missions and 49 aerial victories . From March to June 1942 he was posted to Ergänzungs - Jagdgruppe Ost as fighter pilot instructor and returned to his Staffel afterwards . Nevertheless he almost doubled his score by the end of 1942 and claimed his 80th victory on 29 November 1942 . On 9 July 1943 Roßmann attempted to rescue a crash landed fellow pilot behind Russian lines . At this moment the Russian Infantry arrived and Leutnant Seyler was shot and Roßmann was wounded . Roßmann was taken prisoner of war and was released in October 1949 .
Vunakanau Airfield Vunakanau Airfield was an aerodrome located near Vunakanau , East New Britain , Papua New Guinea . The airfield was constructed as a Royal Australian Air Force aerodrome and consisted of an unpaved single runway during World War II . The airfield was captured during the battle of Rabaul in 1942 by the Imperial Japanese and was extensively modified and expanded . Vunakanau was later neutralized by Allied air bombing from 1944 . The airfield was utilised as an emergency landing strip for Rabaul ( former airport ) until 1983 , however it was no longer needed when the new Rabaul Airport was built at Tokua . The runways are now overgrown .
13th Battalion ( Royal Highlanders of Canada ) , CEF The 13th Battalion ( Royal Highlanders of Canada ) of the Canadian Expeditionary Force was an active service battalion during the First World War . The battalion was formed from volunteers from the Royal Highland Regiment of Canada ( The Black Watch ) , a militia regiment based in Montreal , as well as men from other militia regiments . Sent to England as part of the First Contingent in September , 1914 , the 13th Battalion became part of the 3rd Brigade of the 1st Canadian Division . The 3rd Brigade had the distinction of containing the 13th Battalion ( the Royal Highlanders of Canada ) , the 14th Battalion ( the Royal Montreal Regiment ) , the 15th Battalion ( the 48th Highlanders of Canada ) and the 16th Battalion ( the Canadian Scottish ) . The 1st Canadian Division served on the Western Front from April , 1915 until the armistice in November , 1918 . Its baptism of fire occurred at the Second Battle of Ypres in April , 1915 , when the German Army used chlorine gas for the first time in war . Neighbouring French divisions fled in terror from the new weapon , but the Canadians held the line at tremendous cost . The 1st Canadian Division fought in every major engagement involving the Canadian Corps , including the Second Battle of Ypres in 1915 , the Somme in 1916 , Vimy Ridge and Passchendaele in 1917 , and the Pursuit to Mons in 1918 . Three members of the 13th Battalion won the Victoria Cross . The first , Frederick Fisher , won his on 23 April 1915 at St . Julien during the Second Battle of Ypres . Two other members , Herman James Good and John Bernard Croak , won their crosses on 8 August 1918 at Hangard Wood , near Amiens in France . Croak ' s award was posthumous . After the armistice , the 13th Battalion returned to Canada and was disbanded in April , 1919 . On December 1 , 1920 , the 13th Battalion was perpetuated by the 1st Battalion of the newly reorganized The Royal Highlanders of Canada .
Scimitar - class patrol vessel The " Scimitar " class is a class of fast patrol boat in service with the British Royal Navy . The two vessels of this class are of a commercial design known as the Lifespan Patrol Vessel built by Halmatic ( now BAE Systems Surface Ships ) , and formerly served in an inshore waterways anti - terrorist role in Northern Ireland . They were acquired for the Royal Navy in 2003 for service with the Gibraltar Squadron , releasing two boats that had filled this role for service with the Cyprus Squadron .
25th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 25th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment , the " Union Rangers " , was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was organized in New York City , New York on May 10 , 1861 and was mustered in for a two year enlistment on June 28 , 1861 . The regiment was mustered out of service on June 26 , 1863 , and those men who had signed three year enlistments were transferred to the 44th New York . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 7 officers and 54 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 4 officers and 25 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 90 fatalities .
Anatolius ( consul ) Anatolius ( " fl " . 421 – 451 ) was a diplomat and general of the Eastern Roman Empire and Consul in 440 . He was very influential during the reign of Theodosius II , and held command of the Empire ' s eastern armies for 13 years and led negotiations with Attila the Hun on several occasions . Biography . In 421 , Anatolius led one Roman army in Persian Armenia during the war against the Sassanids . Anatolius was " magister militum per Orientem " from 433 to 446 , reaching the consulate in 440 , which he held with the Western Emperor Valentinian III as a colleague . Accomplishments . In his capacity as " magister militum " , he built the fortress of Theodosiopolis along the border with Persarmenia in the mid - 430s . In 440 , he directed some works at Heliopolis of Phoenicia and rebuilt the walls of Gerasa in Arabia . In 440 , the Sassanid king Yazdegerd II attacked the Romans . Theodosius II sent Anatolius to parley with the Great King . Anatolius reached the Sassanid army , dismounted and advanced on foot . Yazdegerd , informed that he was the Roman general , was baffled by such a demonstration of respect and retired to his camp with the whole army . He received the envoy of Theodosius , treating him with honor and accepted peace . In 443 , Anatolius managed to conclude a truce for one year with Attila the Hun . In 446 ended his service as " magister militum per Orientem " ; the following year is already attested as " patricius " . In 448 Anatolius concluded a peace agreement with Attila , agreeing to pay an annual tribute of 2100 pounds of gold . In 450 , however , Attila was again at war against the Roman Empire , using as a pretext that the Emperor was harbouring fugitives from the Hunnic realm . To an offer of parley , Attila replied that he would deal only with the ambassadors of consular rank , and mentioned the names of Nomus , Senator and Anatolius . Anatolius , who by then had become " magister militum praesentalis " ( a position he held until at least next year ) , and his friend went to meet Attila , who treated them badly at the beginning , but later succumbed to their oratorical arts and the gifts they had brought : Attila would accept the terms of the peace of 448 , he would stop attacking the Emperor Theodosius II and give up the strip of land south of the Danube obtained with the peace of 448 ; it seems that the granting of the release of many prisoners to the Romans was even a concession made personally to the two prestigious guests . In 451 Anatolius participated in various sessions of the Council of Chalcedon as dean of the imperial representatives . At the beginning of the reign of Marcian , Florentius and Anatolius dissuaded the Emperor to support the uprising of the Armenians against the Sassanid Empire . In 442 Anatolius had donated to the church of Edessa a silver reliquary for the bones of Thomas the Apostle . He built a church at Antioch who took the name of " Basilica of Anatolius " . He received several letters from Theodoret , with requests for help .
RCAF Station Fingal RCAF Station Fingal was a Second World War British Commonwealth Air Training Plan ( BCATP ) station located near Fingal , Ontario , Canada . It was operated and administered by the Royal Canadian Air Force ( RCAF ) . Fingal hosted No . 4 Bomber and Gunnery School ( No . 4 B & GS ) , which trained bomb aimers and air gunners . The school opened on 25 November 1940 and closed 17 February 1945 . Aircraft used included the Fairey Battle , Northrop Nomad , Westland Lysander , Bristol Bolingbroke and Avro Anson . Bombing ranges were located near Melbourne , Frome , Tempo , and Dutton . There was also a bombing range on Lake Erie . A marine unit was based in Port Stanley . Classroom facilities with residences were commandeered from Universities , Colleges , The station magazine was the " Fingal Observer " . The area is now a wildlife preserve called the " Fingal Wildlife Management Area " . There are markers and a self - guided tour around the old airbase .
M234 launcher The M234 Riot Control Launcher is an M16 series rifle attachment firing a M755 blank round . The M234 mounts on the muzzle , bayonet lug and front sight post of the M16 . It fires either the M734 64 mm Kinetic Riot Control or the M742 64 mm CSI Riot Control Ring Airfoil Projectiles . The latter produces a 4 to 5 foot Tear Gas cloud on impact . The launcher is capable of firing from 4 to 6 projectiles per minute . The velocity is sufficiently high to prevent dodging by target individuals at effective ranges . The effective range of the projectile is 40 meters on an individual and 60 meters on groups of individuals with a maximum range of 100 meters . The main advantage to using Ring Airfoil Projectile s is that their design does not allow them be thrown back by rioters with any real effect . The M234 is no longer used by United States forces . It has been replaced by the M203 40mm grenade launcher and nonlethal ammunition .
Richard Pellengahr Richard Pellengahr ( 19 August 1883 – 9 October 1964 ) was a major general in the German Wehrmacht , commander of the 196th infantry division . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Echo - class survey ship ( 1957 ) The " Echo " - class was a class of inshore survey vessel built for the British Royal Navy in 1958 – 1959 . The class was designed to operate in close waters such as harbour approaches , shipping lane s , rivers and estuaries . Together , the ships of this class formed the Royal Navy ' s Inshore Survey Squadron . The class consisted of three ships , and were of composite ( wood on metal frames ) construction . They were based on the same basic hull as the Ham class minesweeper and the Ley class minehunter . They had a large superstructure with an open bridge on top . The engines were uprated to 1 , 400 bhp and a large superstructure was fitted . They were crewed by 5 officers and 34 ratings , with accommodation on board for 4 officers and 18 rates . In the late 1960s , two Ham - class minesweepers , HMS " Powderham " and " Yaxham " were rebuilt as inshore survey vessels very similar to the " Echos " , although they could be identified by having an enclosed wheelhouse and a tripod mast . They were renamed HMS " Waterwitch " and " Woodlark " , respectively . All ships were sold out of service in 1985 . References . The Marine Society acquired two of the three vessels circa 1985 and converted them to training vessels . They were modified , from plans loaned by the Port of London Authority who had already purchased H . M . S . Polsham in 1967 and converted her to a survey vessel , the Maplin . The two vessels were renamed . Jonas Hanway . and Earl of Romney , and were initially based and operated in conjunction with the Gravesend Sea School on the Thames at Denton . The third vessel was thought to have been included within the disposal package by the M . O . D . and acted as a spare parts source for the two operational vessels . Jonas Hanway sold 1999 and re - named HMS Egeria ( A72 ) , and currantly under restoration ( c2010 )
Caleb Bailey Brigadier General Caleb T . " Zeke " Bailey ( c . 1899 – January 13 , 1957 ) was an American Marine Corps officer , pilot , and athlete . Bailey was the first commander of Marine Corps Air Depot Miramar , and served as a commander of Marine Aircraft Group 11 during the War in the Pacific . Bailey was inducted into the University of Maryland Athletic Hall of Fame in 1984 . Early life . A native of Bladensburg , Maryland , Bailey attended the University of Maryland , where he became a member of the Beta Kappa chapter of the Kappa Alpha Order . He played on the football team from 1918 to 1922 . " The Baltimore Sun " wrote in 1922 that Bailey was among those " men whose work can be attributed much of the Black and Gold ' s success of the last few years . " He also played on the Maryland baseball team as a catcher . In May 1923 , he tried out for the Newark Bears , a professional baseball team in the International League . Military career . After college , Bailey entered the United States Marine Corps . He played on the Quantico Marines football team as a center from 1923 to 1926 . After the Marines defeated Fort Benning in November 1926 , Bailey received the President ' s Cup from First Lady Grace Coolidge on behalf of his team . In 1928 and 1929 , he served as an assistant coach for Quantico . In December 1938 , he was promoted from captain to major . As a lieutenant colonel , Bailey served in the Municipal Police Commission of St . Thomas and St . John in the United States Virgin Islands , until he resigned to take another post in December 1942 . As a colonel , Bailey oversaw the establishment of Marine Corps Air Depot Miramar on September 2 , 1943 and served as its first commander . During World War II , the base provided logistical support to Marine Corps aviation units as they prepared to deploy to combat . Bailey commanded Marine Aircraft Group 11 in the Palaus , which provided close air support to the 81st Infantry Division and 1st Marine Division during the War in the Pacific . While group commander of MAG - 11 at Peleliu , his pilots of VMF - 122 began what they called " Operation Freeze " . In these missions , a single F4U Corsair flew at 30 , 000 to 33 , 000 feet to practice high - altitude operations , which also had the side benefits of drawing ineffective Japanese anti - aircraft artillery fire ( thereby wasting their ammunition stores ) , and creating ten gallons of chocolate ice cream . The field - expedient dessert was made from a concoction of canned milk and cocoa powder stored in an underwing tank , which froze during flight at the high altitude . According to the book " Corsair : The F4U in World War II and Korea " , Bailey called the unit and told them , " You guys aren ' t fooling me , I ' ve got spies . You tell Hunter I ' m coming over there tomorrow and get my ration . " During the Korean War , he served as the Chief of Staff of the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing . Bailey retired from the Marine Corps with the rank of brigadier general . He died on January 13 , 1957 at the Naval Hospital in San Diego , California at the age of 58 . The University of Maryland Athletic Hall of Fame inducted him in 1984 .
John Byrne ( VC ) John Byrne VC DCM ( September 1832 – 10 July 1879 ) , born at Castlecomer , County Kilkenny , was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Life . He was about 22 years old , and a private in the 68th Regiment of Foot ( later The Durham Light Infantry ) , British Army during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 5 November 1854 in the Crimean Peninsula , at the Battle of Inkerman , when the regiment was ordered to retire , Private Byrne went back towards the enemy , and , at the risk of his own life , brought in a wounded soldier , under fire . On 11 May 1855 he bravely engaged in a hand - to - hand contest with one of the enemy on the parapet of the work he was defending , prevented the entrance of the enemy , killed his antagonist , and captured his arms . He later achieved the rank of corporal . He died at Crown Street , Newport , Monmouthshire . The medal . The only medal on display is his New Zealand campaign medal , held in the Durham Light Infantry museum .
Special Operations Service Ribbon The Special Operations Service Ribbon is a service award of the United States Coast Guard which was first created 1 July 1987 by order of Commandant of the Coast Guard , Admiral Paul A . Yost Jr . The award is authorized for certain acts of non - combat meritorious service , for which no other service medal or ribbon is authorized . The four main areas of eligibility , for the presentation of the Special Operations Service Ribbon , are listed as follows : Initially a one - time award precluded from the use of service stars , multiple awards of the Special Operations Service Ribbon are now denoted by service stars . The Commandant of the Coast Guard has also periodically authorized award of the Special Operations Service Ribbon to certain warships , aviation squadrons and other selected units of the U . S . Navy , primarily for support of USCG - led counter - narcotics ( CN ) and drug interdiction operations and to USN and U . S . Air Force units assisting in search and rescue and / or natural disaster events in partnership with the U . S . Coast Guard .
Naval Nuclear Power Training Command The Naval Nuclear Power Training Command ( NNPTC ) is the parent organization within the United States Navy ' s Naval Education and Training Command that is responsible for educating enlisted and commissioned personnel of the US nuclear naval program . NNPTC ' s mission is to train officer and enlisted students in science and engineering fundamental to the design , operation , and maintenance of naval nuclear propulsion plants . NNPTC houses Nuclear Field " A " School and Naval Nuclear Power School . These two schools were formerly independent entities run by separate commanding officers and structures . NNPTC was created in 1993 to streamline the command structures of both schools , with each school ultimately reporting to a single commanding officer of NNPTC . History of locations and commanding officers . NNPTC was originally created when the two schools were located at the former Naval Training Center Orlando ( Florida ) . The NNPTC ' s first commanding officer was Captain Steven G . Slaton ( USN Ret ) , who was the commanding officer of Nuclear Field " A " School when NNPTC was created in 1993 . When NNPTC graduated its final class in December 1998 , the organization moved to Naval Weapons Station Charleston in Goose Creek , South Carolina , which is a suburban community of Charleston , South Carolina . The current commanding officer is Captain Jon R . Fahs Jr . Map of current location Controversies . NNPTC was noted for discharging 72 sailors under the " Don ' t ask , don ' t tell " policy in 2000 , representing 23 % of all such discharges for the Navy that year , and as a result drew national media attention . The subsequent year ( 2001 ) , NNPTC lowered the number of gay discharges to 28 . In 2010 , two male students were charged with a violation of UCMJ Article 92 for " willful failure to exhibit professional conduct " , when the roommate of one of the sailors claimed to have witnessed them sleeping together , while the two claimed to have fallen asleep watching a movie . The facts were insufficient to support a charge of homosexual conduct and so NNPTC opted to charge them with unprofessional conduct at non - judicial punishment ( NJP ) . One of the sailors accepted punishment at NJP and received a suspended reduction in rank believing that the incident would go no further . The other , Stephen Jones , demanded courts - martial and through his attorney contacted national media outlets , revealing not only his name but the name of the sailor with whom he was accused to sleeping . As NJP is intended to be a private matter , several instructors approached the then - CMC to attempt to keep the first sailor ' s name out of the press , but they were rebuffed by the command . Ultimately , the charges against Jones were dropped , though the sailor who accepted NJP kept the forfeiture of pay he had been awarded .