naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William S . Knudsen William Signius Knudsen ( March 25 , 1879 – April 27 , 1948 ) was a leading automotive industry executive . His experience and success as a key senior manager in the operations sides of Ford Motor Company and later General Motors led the Franklin Roosevelt Administration to commission him as a Lieutenant General in the United States Army to help lead the United States ' war materiel production efforts for World War II . Background . Knudsen was born in Copenhagen , Denmark . His name was originally Signius Wilhelm Poul Knudsen . He immigrated to the United States arriving in New York in February 1900 . Career . Knudsen was working for the John R . Keim Company of Buffalo , New York when the Ford Motor Company bought it in 1911 for its steel - stamping experience and tooling . Knudsen worked for Ford from 1911 to 1921 , a decade that saw the formative development of the modern assembly line and true mass production . Working first for the Ford Motor Company and later for General Motors , Knudsen became an expert on mass production and a skilled manager . Knudsen was president of the Chevrolet Division of General Motors from 1924 to 1937 , and was president of General Motors from 1937 to 1940 . In 1940 , President Roosevelt asked Knudsen to come to Washington to help with war production . Knudsen was appointed as Chairman of the Office of Production Management and member of the National Defense Advisory Commission . In January 1942 , Knudsen was commissioned a Lieutenant General in the U . S . Army , the only civilian ever to join the Army at such a high initial rank . and appointed as Director of Production , Office of the Under Secretary of War . In this capacity , he worked as a consultant and a troubleshooter for the War Department . He was appointed Director of the Air Technical Service Command when it was founded in July 1944 at Patterson Field , Ohio . He served in the Army until his resignation on June 1 , 1945 . Personal life . Knudsen was the father of Semon " Bunkie " Knudsen who also became a prominent automobile industry executive . Honors and Awards . Knudsen was awarded the Vermilye Medal by the Franklin Institute in 1941 . Knudsen was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal in 1944 and again in 1945 . He also received the American Campaign Medal , and World War Two Victory Medal for his wartime service . He was also appointed a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog by the nation of Denmark in 1930 and was promoted Grand Cross of the Order of the Dannebrog in 1946 . Knudsen was inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 1968 .
Stephen Price ( aviator ) Major Stephen William Price ( born 28 November 1893 , date of death unknown ) was a World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories . Price qualified as a pilot at Ruislip on 27 October 1915 . Although he served in several squadrons , his successes came with Colorado cowboy ace Frederick Libby manning his guns in No . 11 Squadron . Between 22 August and 17 October 1916 , the pair drove down five enemy reconnaissance planes and an Albatros D . I . On 22 October , they set another Albatros D . I afire .
Bourtzi ( Nafplio ) The castle of Bourtzi ( , from Ottoman Turkish برج - " burc " meaning " tower " ) is located in the middle of the harbour of Nafplio . The Venetians completed its fortification in 1473 to protect the city from pirates and invaders from the sea . The Greeks regained it from the Turks on June 18 , 1822 , from where they assisted in the siege of Nafplio . Until 1865 it served as a fortress . It was then transformed into residence of the executioners of convicts from the castle of Palamidi . From 1930 to 1970 , it served as a hotel . Since then , it is mainly a tourist attraction hosting occasionally parts of the Summer Music Festival . References . region
Marineamt Marineamt ( ) is the German name of a higher command within the German Navy . It must not be mistaken for the former Reichsmarineamt , the Department of the Navy of the Kaiserliche Marine prior to World War I . The Marineamt was founded in 1965 . Its original responsibility was training , education and armaments planning for the German Navy . It was situated at Wilhelmshaven until it was relocated to Rostock after German reunification 1990 . In 2001 it was merged with the former Navy Support Command . Since then its responsibilities also include naval logistics . The Marineamt is commanded by a Rear Admiral directly subordinate to the Chief of the Naval Staff in the Ministry of Defence . It is the superior command for all naval schools and bases as well as of some research and development institutions .
French corvette Mignonne ( 1795 ) Mignonne was an 18 - gun " Etna " - class corvette of the French Navy , launched in 1795 . She served until 1803 when the British captured her . Though she served briefly , there is no record of her actually being commissioned into the Royal Navy ; she grounded and was condemned in 1804 . French service and capture . " Mignonne " was built in Cherbourg from 1794 to 1797 and was launched on 15 October 1795 . Between 3 and 16 September 1797 , she served at Cherbourg under commander Jourdan . Under Lieutenant Yset , she took part in the Caribbean campaign led by Admiral Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse in 1803 . She was involved in the capture of Fort Graville on 6 February , and Camp de Louise on 8 February . In 28 June 1803 , as she sailed with the frigate " Poursuivante " , she encountered a British convoy off San Domingo , part of the Blockade of Saint - Domingue . One of the escorts , HMS " Goliath " , was sailing inshore off Cape Nicholas Mole , to try to find two vessels seen earlier . She encountered " Mignonne " at 10 : 45 , and after a few shots captured her at 11 : 45 . In Captain James Brisbane ' s words , " Mignonne " was a " remarkable fast sailing Ship Corvette " . She carried sixteen long 18 - pounder guns , six of which she had landed . Her crew of only 80 men was under Commander Jean - Pierre Bargeau , and she was two days out of Aux - Cayes , sailing to France via the Cape . British service . The Royal Navy took her into service as the 18 - gun ship sloop HMS " Mignonne " , but she was never commissioned . Her captain was Commander Edward Hawker . In June 1804 " Mignonne " ran ashore off Lucca , Jamaica . " Desiree " was towing her to Port Royal when on 9 July at 0100 hours a bolt of lightning struck " Mignonne " , killing three seamen , injuring five ( or nine ) , and causing some damage to the ship . Hawker reported that the bolt shattered the topmast and split the mainmast to the keelson . On 13 October " Mignonne " captured the French brig " St . Antonio y les Animas " , which was in ballast . Fate . In December 1804 " Mignonne " was laid in the mud at Port Royal , Jamaica . She was then condemned .
Cambi Castle Cambi Castle is castle in Kaštel Kambelovac , a town within the administrative area of Kaštela in Dalmatia , Croatia . History . Cambi Castle was built by the aristo - cratic family Cambi from Split ( 1589 ) . In 1517 brothers Jerolim and Nikola Cambi , built a castle on an islet to protect themselves and residents of Lažan and Kruševik settlements . The castle was cylindrically shaped ( only one in Kaštela ) , making it easily defensible . The citadel was surrounded by the sea but was later connected with the mainland by filling up and levelling . A village gate also survived in its vicinity .
Joshua Gwillen Doan Joshua Gwillen Doan ( 1811 – February 6 , 1839 ) was a farmer and tanner who participated in the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 . He was born in the Sugar Loaf area of the Niagara District in 1811 to a family of Quakers who had left Pennsylvania before the start of the War of 1812 . He began farming and then became a tanner when his brother opened a tannery in 1832 . During 1837 , he became a supporter of William Lyon Mackenzie . On December 9 , 1837 , with Charles Duncombe , he organized a group of men to join Mackenzie ' s revolt in Toronto , not realizing that the revolt had already been put down . On December 13 , they were dispersed by loyalist troops led by Colonel Allan MacNab near Brantford . Joshua escaped to the United States . In December 1838 , he was part of a raid launched on Windsor by a group of refugees from the Rebellion known as Patriots . Several inhabitants and invaders were killed and a number of the Patriots , including Doan , were taken prisoner . ( See Patriot War ) In January 1839 , he was tried at London , Ontario , found guilty of treason and sentenced to death . He was hanged on February 6 in London .
John Victor Sorsoleil Captain John Victor Sorsoleil MC ( 2 June 1898 – 1946 ) was a Canadian First World War flying ace , officially credited with 14 victories . World War I . Effective 13 October 1917 , probationary Temporary Second Lieutenant J . V . Solsoleil was confirmed in his rank . From November 1917 to July 1918 , he flew a Royal Aircraft Factory SE . 5 a for 84 Squadron . He did not score his first victory until 13 January 1918 , when he shot down the only two - seater reconnaissance plane that would ever fall before his guns . Over the next five months , he would accumulate triumphs over 13 German fighters , with his last win on 27 June 1918 . He would then be withdrawn to England to instructor duty until war ' s end . The final summary of his victories would be three German fighter planes set on fire , six others otherwise destroyed , and five German planes sent down out of control ; one of the latter was shared with Carl Frederick Falkenberg . Post World War I . After Sorsoleil ' s return to Canada , he was successful in business . During World War II , he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force . He died in 1946 . Text of citations . Military Cross . " T . / 2nd Lt . Jack Victor Sorsoleil , Gen . List , and R . F . C . For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty . While on patrol with three other scouts he engaged a hostile formation of ten scouts , driving one of these down . While climbing to rejoin his patrol he was attacked by an enemy scout , upon which he opened fire at close range , bringing it down spinning , with the result that it crashed to earth . He has also driven down one enemy machine in flames , and sent another crashing to earth , where it was destroyed . His gallantry and skill have been most conspicuous . "
16th Aviation Brigade ( Australia ) The 16th Aviation Brigade ( 16 Avn Bde ) currently commands most of the Australian Army ' s aviation units . Formed on 2 April 2002 the brigade from the amalgamation of the Aviation Support Group and the 1st Division ' s Aviation unit , it is headquartered in Enoggera , Queensland with units based throughout Australia . Current structure . The 16th Brigade ( Aviation ) currently consists of :
James " Spanish " Blake James " Spanish " Blake , Irish merchant , soldier , spy , born after 1560 , died 20 February 1630 . A member of one of The Tribes of Galway , Blake was the second son of Walter Blake ( died 1575 ) and Juliana Browne . His grandfather and brothers served as Mayors of Galway ; his elder brother , Valentine Blake ( 1560 – 1634 ) was created a baronet in 1622 . Blake moved through the world of international intrigue as an agent for , variously , the Irish , English , French and Spanish during the Nine Years War in the 1590s . He has been credited with the alleged assassination of Red Hugh O ' Donnell in Spain in 1602 . He was in the company of O ' Donnell at the time of his death , and offered his services to Sir George Carew for the plot .
178th Ohio Infantry The 178th Ohio Volunteer Infantry ( or 178th OVI ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 178th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Chase in Columbus , Ohio and mustered in for one year service on September 26 , 1864 under the command of Colonel Joab A . Stafford . The regiment was attached to the Defenses Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad , Department of the Cumberland , to January 1865 . 3rd Brigade , 1st Division , XXIII Corps , Army of the Ohio , and Department of North Carolina , to June 1865 . The 178th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service June 29 , 1865 at Charlotte , North Carolina and was discharged July 7 , 1865 . Detailed service . Left Ohio for Nashville , Tenn . , October 8 . Duty at Nashville , Tenn . , until October 22 , 1864 . and at Tullahoma , Tenn . , until November 30 . Moved to Murfreesboro , Tenn . , November 30 - December 2 . Siege of Murfreesboro December 5 – 12 . Wilkinson ' s Cross Roads , near Murfreesboro , " The Cedars , " December 7 . Wilkinson ' s Pike , near Murfreesboro , December 13 – 14 . Ordered to Clifton , Tenn . , and duty there until January 16 , 1865 . Movement to Washington , D . C . , January 16 – 29 , and to Fort Fisher , N . C . , February 21 – 23 ; to Morehead City February 24 , then to New Berne February 25 . Campaign of the Carolinas March 1 - April 26 . Advance on Kingston and Goldsboro March 6 – 21 . Battle of Wyse Fork March 8 – 10 . Occupation of Kingston March 14 . Occupation of Goldsboro March 21 . Advance on Raleigh April 10 – 14 . Occupation of Raleigh April 14 . Bennett ' s House April 26 . Surrender of Johnston and his army . Duty at Raleigh and Charlotte , N . C . , until June . Casualties . The regiment lost a total of 68 enlisted men during service ; 2 killed and 66 due to disease .
Kusari - fundo Kusari - fundo , ( 鎖分銅 ) , is a hand held weapon used in feudal Japan consisting of a length of chain ( " kusari " ) with a weight ( " fundo " ) connected to each end of the chain . Various sizes and shapes of chain and weight were used as there was no set rule on the construction of these weapons . Other popular names are " manrikigusari " ( 萬力鏈 ) meaning " ten thousand power chain " or just " manriki " . Parts of the kusari - fundo . The chain ( kusari ) . Typically the length of the forged chain could vary from around 12 inches up to 48 inches . The chain could have many different shapes including round , elliptical , and egg shaped . The thickness of the chain also varied . Usually the first link of chain attached to the weight was round and often larger and thicker than the rest of the links of the chain . The weight ( fundo ) . The weight attached to each end of the chain could have many different sizes and shapes , the weights were usually exactly matched in size and shape but on some of the related chain and weight weapons the weights could be completely different from each other , with one weight being much longer than the other like a handle on one end or one weight could be round while the other weight could be rectangular . Weight shapes include round , hexagon , rectangle . The weight could be fairly light or quite heavy with the typical weight being from " 56 . 25 grams to 112 . 5 grams " . Use . The use of the " kusari - fundo " was taught in several different schools , or " ryū " ( 流 ) , as a hidden or concealed weapon and also as a self - defense weapon . The " kusari - fundo " was useful when carrying a sword was not allowed or impractical , and samurai police of the Edo period would often use a " kusari - fundo " as one of their non lethal arresting weapons . History . There are several chain and weight weapons with one type known as a " konpi " being mentioned in manuscripts as far back as the " Nanbokucho period ( 1336 - 1392 ) . The founder of the " Masaki ryū " " Masaki Tarodayu Dannoshin Toshiyoshi ( 1689 - 1776 ) " is said to have developed a version of the " kusari - fundo " while serving " Lord Toda " as a bloodless weapon that could be used to defend the grounds of " Edo castle " .
Ramaswamy Parameshwaran Major Ramaswamy Parameswaran , was born on 13 September 1946 , in Mumbai , Maharashtra , India . He was granted Short Service Commission in the Mahar Regiment on 16 January 1972 . He took part in a number of operations undertaken by the Indian Army and was awarded the Param Vir Chakra , India ' s highest military decoration , for his bravery . Military Action . On 25 November 1987 , when Major Ramaswamy Parameswaran was returning from search operation in Sri Lanka , late at night , his column was ambushed by a group of militants . With a cool presence of mind , he encircled the militants from the rear and charged into them , taking them completely surprise . During the hand - to - hand combat , a militant shot him in the chest . Undaunted , Major Parameswaran snatched the rifle from the militant and shot him dead . Gravely wounded , he continued to give orders and inspired his command till he breathed his last . Five militants were killed and three rifles and two rocket launchers were recovered and the ambush was cleared . Citation . The citation for the Param Vir Chakra awarded to him reads : MAJOR RAMASWAMY PARAMESWARAN " On 25 November 1987 , when Major Ramaswamy Parameswaran was returning from search operation in Sri Lanka , late at night , his column was ambushed by a group of militants . With cool presence of mind , he encircled the militants from the rear and charged into them , taking them completely surprise . During the hand - to - hand combat , a militant shot him in the chest . Undaunted , Major Parameswaran snatched the rifle from the militant and shot him dead . Gravely wounded , he continued to give orders and inspired his command till he breathed his last . Five militants were killed and three rifles and two rocket launchers were recovered and the ambush was cleared . " " Major Ramaswamy Parameswaran displayed the most conspicuous gallantry and thought nothing of dying at his post . " IPKF Memorial Error . On 15 August 2012 , R . K . Radhakrishnan , Colombo correspondent of The Hindu reported a glaring error on the IPKF transcription : " The inscription read : IC 32907F MAJ . P . RAMASWAMY M . Vr . C 25 NOV 1987 8 MAHAR . M . Vr . C stands for Maha Vir Chakra , India ’ s second highest military decoration . No one seemed to have noticed the mistake before . As I stood there , it crossed my mind that there was no guarantee that the names and honours of the other 1200 soldiers inscribed on the stone were all correct . Since Independence , only 21 Indians have had the honour of having P . Vr . C suffixed to their names . Parameshwaran was the only IPKF soldier who was given that honour . He is also the lone Mahar Regiment soldier to be conferred the P . Vr . C , the highest military decoration of India . That must mean a lot to a regiment active since 1941 . " See also . Jai Hind Jai Bharat
USS G . L . Brockenborough ( 1862 ) USS " G . L . Brockenborough " ( 1862 ) was a sloop captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was placed in service by the Navy as a gunboat to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries . She also served as a ship ' s tender , providing help to other ships on blockade duty . Confederate sloop captured by Union Navy force . " G . L . Brockenborough " ( also spelled " Brockenboro " or " G . L . Brockenboro " ) was a small sloop captured 15 October 1862 by " Fort McHenry " , Lt . E . Y . McCauley . " G . L . Brockenborough " had apparently been used as a blockade runner and was discovered after being scuttled in the Apalachicola River , Florida . She was subsequently raised and purchased at the Prize Court in Key West , Florida , by Rear Admiral James L . Lardner 15 November 1862 . Assigned to the East Gulf Blockade . Assigned to the East Gulf Blockading Squadron , " G . L . Brockenborough ' s " shallow draft made her an ideal vessel to blockade the many inlets of the Florida coast . She served as a blockader and tender to steamers and in St . George ' s Sound and Apalachicola River , Florida . until she was abandoned after a severe gale had forced her aground in St . George ' s Sound 27 May 1863 .
Wallace Duffield Wright Brigadier General Wallace Duffield Wright VC , CB , CMG , DSO ( 20 September 1875 – 25 March 1953 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Victoria Cross action . Wright was 27 years old , and a lieutenant in the 1st Battalion , The Queen ' s Royal West Surrey Regiment , employed Northern Nigeria Regiment during the Kano - Sokoto Expedition , in Nigeria . On 26 February 1903 in Nigeria , " Lieutenant Wright , with only one [ other ] Officer and 44 men took up a position in the path of the advancing enemy sustained the determined charges of 1 , 000 Horse and 2 , 000 Foot for two hours and when the enemy , after heavy losses , fell back in good order , Lieutenant Wright continued to follow them up until they were in full retreat . The personal example of this Officer , as well as his skilful leadership , contributed largely to the brilliant success of the affair . He in no way infringed his orders by his daring initiative , as , though warned of the possibility of meeting large bodies of the enemy , he had purposely been left a free hand . " As Member of Parliament . In 1928 , Wright was elected at a by - election as Conservative Member of Parliament for Tavistock following the death of the sitting MP Philip Kenyon - Slaney . He was re - elected at the 1929 general election , but stood down at the 1931 general election . His VC is currently on display at The Queen ' s Royal Surrey Regiment Museum , Clandon Park , Surrey .
Wilhelm Batz Major Wilhelm " Willi " Batz ( 21 May 1916 in Bamberg – 11 September 1988 in Mauschendorf / Ebern in Unterfranken ) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace . " Willi " Batz flew 445 combat missions and claimed 237 enemy aircraft shot down . 234 of these victories were achieved over the Eastern front , including at least 46 Il - 2 Sturmoviks , but he did claim three victories , including one four - engine bomber against the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) over the Ploieşti oil fields . He was wounded three times and was shot down four times . Batz was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves and Swords was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Early life . Wilhelm Batz grew up between the World Wars , with the Red Baron as his ideal of a fighter pilot . World War II . Batz joined the Luftwaffe in 1935 and trained as a fighter pilot , becoming an instructor in 1937 at the flying school at Kaufbeuren and the fighter pilot school at Bad Aibling . Promoted Leutnant in November 1940 , his applications for combat assignment were continually rejected . With some 5 , 000 flying hours , Batz was finally transferred to 2 . / Ergänzungs - Jagdgruppe Ost in December 1942 . Batz was then transferred to II . / Jagdgeschwader 52 ( JG 52 ) . On 11 March 1943 , Batz claimed his first victory , an Il - 2 Sturmovik , while flying a mission over the Strait of Kerch . He was appointed " Staffelkapitän " ( Squadron Leader ) of 5 . / JG 52 in May 1943 , and by September , he had claimed 20 victories . Batz claimed his 75th aerial victory on 26 March 1944 for which he received the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross ( " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes " ) , followed by his 100th victory two days later . In April , Batz was appointed " Gruppenkommandeur " ( Group Commander ) , III . / JG 52 . In June , his unit was moved to defend Romanian targets against the American 15th Air Force . Batz downed two P - 51s and a B - 24 at this time . " Hauptmann " Batz was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( " Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub " ) on 20 July for 188 victories , 200 being achieved on 17 August 1944 . By the end of 1944 , Batz had shot down 224 enemy aircraft . In February 1945 , Batz was transferred to take command of II . / JG 52 , based in Hungary . Major Batz was awarded the " Schwerter " on 21 April 1945 . At war ’ s end he was able to extricate his unit and men from Hungary and Austria back to Germany to surrender to American forces . He was thus able to avoid the prolonged Soviet captivity that befell the personnel of other two JG 52 Gruppen .