naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
George Anson ( British Army general ) General Sir George Anson , GCB , KTS ( 1769 – 4 November 1849 ) , commanded a British cavalry brigade under the Duke of Wellington during the Peninsular War and sat for many years as a Member of Parliament . Early life . Anson was the second son of George Anson ( previously Adams ) and his wife The Hon . Mary Vernon , daughter of the first Lord Vernon . He had an elder brother Thomas Anson , 1st Viscount Anson and a younger brother Sir William Anson , 1st Baronet ; another younger brother was Frederick , who became Dean of Chester . He was the uncle of Thomas ' s sons : Thomas Anson , 1st Earl of Lichfield and George Anson ( who later became the Commander - in - Chief , India . He was also uncle of Frederick ' s son : George Edward Anson , Keeper of the Privy Purse , who died a few days before him in 1849 . Also , Admiral George Anson , 1st Baron Anson was his great - uncle . ( See Earl of Lichfield for more information on the Anson family ) . Career . The Peninsular Wars and gaining of reputation . He entered the British Army in 1786 and served under the Duke of York and Sir Ralph Abercromby in Holland . It was to be in the Peninsular War where his reputation grew markedly . He served in all the campaigns between 1809 and 1813 and gained distinction in his command of the 16th Light Dragoons at the Second Battle of Porto . His reputation was further enhanced by his command of a brigade of light cavalry at the Battles of Talavera , Busaco , Salamanca and Vittoria . He also fought in the Battle of Venta del Pozo during the retreat from Burgos . For his services in the Battles of Talavera , Salamanca and Vittoria he received a medal and two clasps . So prominent was he during these campaigns that the House of Commons thanked him in November 1816 for his services generally during the Peninsular Wars . In February 1827 he was appointed to the colonelcy of the 4th Dragoon Guards and rose to the rank of General . Outside conflict . Aside from his military career he also sat as Member of Parliament for Lichfield from 1806 to 1841 . He was also the Groom of the Bedchamber to Prince Albert from 1836 to September 1841 . In 1846 he was appointed the lieutenant - governor of the Royal Hospital , Chelsea and became governor in May 1849 . Marriage and descendants . Anson married Frances , daughter of John William Hamilton , in 1800 . She was also the sister of Sir Frederick Hamilton . They had six sons and five daughters . Their son Talavera Vernon Anson became an Admiral in the Royal Navy . Another son Thomas Anson was a first class cricketer . Lady Anson died in 1834 . Anson survived her by fifteen years and died at the Royal Hospital , Chelsea in November 1849 . In " Who Do You Think You Are ? " transmitted on the BBC on 18 October 2007 , it was discovered that Sir Matthew Pinsent , the multiple gold medal Olympic rower , is a direct descendant of Sir George Anson .
Arthur Fleming - Sandes Major Arthur James Terence Fleming - Sandes ( 24 June 1894 – 24 May 1961 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Fleming - Sandes was born at Northstead Road , Tulse Hill Park , London on 24 June 1894 the son of Alfred Fleming - Sandes . He was educated at Dulwich College Preparatory School and at King ' s School , Canterbury . The day after the start of the First World he enlisted as a private in the Artist ' Rifles and was on active duty in France from October 1914 . On 9 May 1915 he was commissioned as a temporary second lieutenant in the The East Surrey Regiment . Victoria Cross . Fleming - Sandes was 21 years old , and a temporary second lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion , The East Surrey Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 29 September 1915 at the Hohenzollern Redoubt , France , Second Lieutenant Fleming - Sandes was sent to command a company which was in a very critical position . His men , very much shaken by continual bombing and machine - gun fire , were beginning to retire , but the second lieutenant collected a few bombs and jumping on the parapet in full view of the Germans , only away , threw them . Although severely wounded almost at once , he continued to advance and throw bombs until he was again wounded . This act put new heart into his men and saved the situation . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Queen ' s Royal Surrey Regiment Museum , Clandon Park , Surrey . Later life . Fleming - Sandes left the Army as a lieutenant at the end of the war and in 1919 he joined the educational department of the Sudan government . lIn 1924 he moved to the political department and in 1931 he was awarded the Order of the Nile . In 1935 he was appointed a Judge of the Sudan High Court and he married Dorothea May Weeks the following year . From 1942 he was Judge Advocate - General of the Sudan Defence Force before he retired in 1944 and returned to England . Upon his return to England he became chairman of the Pensions Appeal Tribunal for England and Wales until 1948 . He died on 24 May 1961 aged 66 .
Battle of Umm Diwaykarat The Battle of Umm Diwaykarat on November 25 , 1899 marked the final obliteration of Muhammad Ahmad ' s short - lived Sudanese empire , when Anglo - Egypt ian forces under the command of Lord Kitchener wiped out what was left of the Mahdist armies under the command of the Abdallahi ibn Muhammad , known as the Khalifa , after the equally disastrous Battle of Omdurman a year earlier . Background . After Omdurman , the defeated Mahdist forces , still 25 , 000 strong , moved southward from Khartoum to Kordofan . The Mahdists still controlled the territory of Kordofan , Darfur , and lands bordering Ethiopia . In October 1899 the British obtained information that the Khalifa and his forces were among his native Baggara to the west of Kusti ( Kaka ) in Kordofan . Kitchener dispatched 8 , 000 Sudanese and Egyptian soldiers under command of General F . R . Wingate to intercept him . Wingate marched from Kusti to the mountains of Kordofan , destroyed a Mahdist supply unit , and soon located the Khalifa ' s camp . Battle . By this time , the Khalifa ' s Sudanese forces had retained at least 10 , 000 people . The Khalifa decided to make a stand against the British rather than to retreat further . During the night Wingate approached the camp from the east and the north sides . At about 5am , the Mahdists began to attack the approaching British , but were driven back by withering fire from Maxim gun s . The Khalifa ' s attempts to rally his men failed , and he soon accepted that all was lost . He called his main leaders to sit with him on a farwa – a yearling skin ; to wait for death . His guards protected him , but all were mown down by British fire . The Mahdist losses were around 1 , 000 killed and wounded . The Sudanese / Egyptian forces captured most of the rest , including a son of Emir Yuni . Aftermath . Osman Digna was injured almost at the start of the battle , and fled after being taken from the field ; the only Emir to do so . After the defeat , the remnants of the Mahdists continued to resist for a short while under his command , but he was caught in January 1900 . The last unoccupied territories of Darfur were captured in 1916 .
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies The Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies ( CDAAA ) was an American political action group formed in May 1940 . It was at the forefront of the effort to support a " pro - British policy " against Axis aggression , advocating American military materiel support of Britain as the best way to keep the United States out of the conflict then raging in Europe . Politically , they would be classified as being pro - intervention ; that is , they strongly believed the United States should actively assert itself in the War in Europe . The CDAAA disagreed strongly with the America First Committee , the main pressure group supporting complete neutrality and non - intervention . The CDAAA supported the Lend - Lease Act ; they opposed the various Neutrality Act s of the late 1930s and sought their revision or repeal . The CDAAA was also influential in mobilizing public support for the Destroyers for Bases Agreement through six hundred local chapters and national radio addresses by individuals such as John J . Pershing and William Harrison Standley . After Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June , 1941 , the CDAAA dropped the " by Aiding the Allies " from their name and became simply the Committee to Defend America ( CDA ) . This was due to a strong aversion from many in the group to embrace Joseph Stalin and communism . They now viewed the Soviets as fellow fighters against Hitler and fascism : the Soviets were allies of immediate necessity , not true allies . The CDA always maintained an officially anti - Communist stance . The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December , 1941 , effectively brought an end to both the CDA and the America First Committee . In January , 1942 , the CDA merged with the Council for Democracy to form . This combined organization officially dissolved in October , 1942 . The America First Committee officially dissolved four days after Pearl Harbor . Prominent members of the CDAAA included Clark M . Eichelberger ( National Director ) , Adlai Stevenson II , U . S . Rep . Claude Pepper ( D - Fla ) , newspaper editor William Allen White , Hollywood screenwriter and activist Philip Dunne , and the historian Conyers Read .
CSS Huntsville CSS " Huntsville " was a Confederate ironclad floating battery built at Selma , Alabama from 1862 to 1863 . History . " Huntsville " was ordered on May 1 , 1862 by the Confederate States Navy . She was launched at the Confederate Naval Works at Selma on February 7 , 1863 and finished in Mobile . She was finally delivered on August 1 , 1863 . She was only partially armored , with the armor plate delivered by the Shelby Iron Company of Shelby , Alabama and the Atlanta Rolling Mill . She had defective engines that were obtained from a river steamer and an incomplete armament , so was assigned to guard the waters around Mobile . " Huntsville " escaped up the Spanish River following the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5 , 1864 . The city of Mobile held out another eight months , with the upper portion of Mobile Bay remaining in Confederate hands . She , along with the CSS " Tuscaloosa " , was scuttled where the Spanish River splits off from the Mobile River on the north side of Blakeley Island , just north of Mobile , on April 12 , 1865 to prevent her capture following the surrender of the city . The wreck was located in the river in 1985 .
Huang Xianzhong Huang Xianzhong ( , born 1947 ) is a general in the People ' s Liberation Army ( PLA ) of the People ' s Republic of China , and the current political commissar of the PLA Shenyang Military Region . Huang graduated from the department of missile engineering of the PLA Institute of Military Engineering in Harbin . He was the vice political commissar of the Liaoning provincial military region . In April 1999 , Huang was appointed director of the political department of PLA National Defense University . He was elevated to political commissar of the University in January 2003 . He was appointed to his present post as political commissar of the Shenyang Military Region in 2005 . He attained the rank of lieutenant general in 2004 , and general on July 15 , 2008 . Huang was elected as a member of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the 16th Communist Party of China National People ' s Congress . He is a current member of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China .
French destroyer Enseigne Gabolde Enseigne Gabolde was a destroyer of the French Navy . Originally laid down in 1913 as a member of the , construction was suspended in 1914 while the ship was still on the slips and not resumed until near the end of the war . After extensive modifications , most notably the addition of a third , superfiring gun forward , the ship was launched on 23 April 1921 , and finally completed in 1923 . She was struck in 1938 .
William G . Draper William G . Draper ( June 28 , 1920 – November 26 , 1964 ) was a career military officer and Air Force Aide to President Dwight D . Eisenhower . He was born in Cuyahoga Falls , Ohio and graduated from Central High School in Washington , D . C . in 1939 . He obtained his CAA private and commercial licenses in 1940 , and in 1941 received his instructor ’ s rating at the Wilmington , Delaware airport . In November 1942 he joined the U . S . Army and was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant , USAF , and assigned to Air Transport Command ferrying B - 17 bombers to England and North Africa . He also piloted with the AAF Transport Group , “ Fireball Line , ” which flew supplies for the China - Burma - India Theater from Miami to Assam , India . From 1950 - 1952 he was the personal pilot for General Dwight D . Eisenhower , Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers , and later served as President Eisenhower ’ s personal pilot and Air Force Aide .
Battle of Almansa The Battle of Almansa , fought on 25 April 1707 , was one of the most decisive engagements of the War of the Spanish Succession . At Almansa , the Franco – Spanish army under Berwick soundly defeated the allied forces of Portugal , England , and the United Provinces led by the Earl of Galway , reclaiming most of eastern Spain for the Bourbons . It has been described as " probably the only Battle in history in which the English forces were commanded by a Frenchman , the French by an Englishman . " The Battle . The Bourbon army of about 25 , 000 was composed of Spanish and French troops in equal proportion , as well as an Irish regiment . Opposing them was a mainly Anglo - Portuguese force with strong Dutch , German , and French Huguenot elements . The Battle began with an artillery exchange . When Galway committed his reserves to an attack on the Bourbon centre , Berwick unleashed a strong force of Franco - Spanish cavalry against the weakened Anglo - Portuguese lines , sweeping away the Portuguese cavalry . A general rout followed , only the Portuguese infantry held , attacked by the three sides , and tried to retire fighting . They surrendered by nightfall . Galway lost 5 , 000 men killed and 12 , 000 taken prisoner ; of his army of 22 , 000 only 5 , 000 escaped to Tortosa . Aftermath . The victory was a major step in the consolidation of Spain under the Bourbons . With the main allied army destroyed , Philip V of Spain regained the initiative and gained Valencia . The city of Xàtiva was burned , and its name changed to " San Felipe " in order to punish it . ( In memory of these events , nowadays the portrait of the monarch still hangs upside down in the local museum of L ' Almodí ) . Before long , the only remaining allies of the Habsburg pretender , Archduke Charles , were his supporters in Catalonia and Balearic Islands . Legacy . Frederick II of Prussia referred to Almansa as " the most scientific battle of our century " , while Winston Churchill once compared the crushing English defeat to the disasters awaiting the British Army at the hands of Nazi Germany in the early years of World War II . In the present - day Valencian Community , the saying : " Quan el mal ve d ' Almansa , a tots alcança " ( " Evil tidings spare no one when they come from Almansa " , or , more literally , " When the wrong comes from Almansa , it reaches everybody " ( opposite to the English : " It ' s an ill wind that blows no good " ) recalls this defeat , since one of the side effects of this defeat was the suppression of the autonomy of the Kingdom of Valencia within the Spanish Habsburg monarchy .
Werner Kolb Werner Kolb ( 27 July 1895 – 18 February 1975 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 9 . Volksgrenadier - Division . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Werner Kolb was captured by American troops in May 1945 and was held until 1947 .
Dragomir Jovanović Dragomir " Dragi " Jovanović ( July 27 , 1902 in Požarevac – July 17 , 1946 in Belgrade ) was a Serbian politician and Axis collaborator . Jovanović finished a law degree at the University of Belgrade ' s Law School . He received a job as a police officer in the city . When he later uncovered an alleged Croatian plot against King Alexander I of Yugoslavia during his visit to Zagreb , he was made chief of police of Belgrade . After Alexander declared a dictatorship , Jovanović moved to an anti - communist unit . He remained in the police force up until the Second World War . After the Kingdom of Yugoslavia ' s dissolution , Jovanović was declared mayor of Belgrade by Serbia ' s Axis - collaborating regime . For a period of time he was also in charge of the Serbian State Guard . When the Yugoslav Partisan resistance threatened the Serbian regime in 1944 , Jovanović fled the nation to Karlsbad . OZNA agents later discovered him there and returned him to the new communist Yugoslavia in 1945 . He was tried as part of the Belgrade Process . He was found guilty of liquidating members of the People ’ s Liberation Movement , operating the Banjica concentration camp , German collaboration , holding talks with Draža Mihailović and organizing a meeting between Mihailović and Serbian leader Milan Nedić . He was hanged in Belgrade on July 17 , 1946 .
Belawadi Mallamma Belawadi Mallamma ( Kannada ಬೆಳವಡಿ ಮಲ್ಲಮ್ಮ ) known as the brave warrior queen of Belawadi , was from Bailhongal , Belgaum District , North Karnataka , Karnataka , India . Belvadi Mallamma was the first woman to form a women ' s army to fight against the British and the Marathas in 17th century . Biography . She was the daughter of Sode King Madhulinga Nayaka . Belawadi Mallamma , also known as Savitribai , fought with the Maratha commander Dadaji Raghunath Nedkar while defending her husband ' s kingdom . Her kingdom was very secure and undefeatable . In the battle Shivaji Maharaj ' s soldier cut the leg of horse on which she was riding and she fell . When she rose and began fighting , Shivaji ' s troops rushed and arrested her . They took her to Shivaji . He praised her and said " I made a mistake Ma . . ! Kindly forgive me . . . I don ' t want your kingdom " , then released her . Scholar Shesho Srinivas Muthalik recorded the life in the palace of Madhulinga Nayaka in 1704 - 5 A . D . in the Marathi language .
Royal Naval Armaments Depot A Royal Naval Armament Depot ( RNAD ) was a group of armament depots dedicated to supplying the needs of the Royal Navy as well as the Royal Air Force , British Army and foreign / commonwealth governments ; they were sister depots of Royal Naval Cordite Factories , Royal Naval Torpedo and Royal Naval Mine Depots . Between 1965 and 1994 , they were part of the Royal Naval Supply and Transport Service ( RNSTS ) . Most RNADs were located near to Royal Navy Dockyard s to facilitate the transfer of armaments between the depot and the warship s ; but not too close to minimise the risk of any accident or explosion in the depot causing damage to warships . The term " RNAD " is no longer in use , except for RNAD Coulport which is the UK Strategic Weapon Facility for the Trident Missile System . The RNSTS has also ceased to exist firstly being renamed the ' Warship Support Agency ' and , presently , known as part of the ' Defence Equipment and Support ' ( DE & S ) conglomerate . Those RNADs ( except Coulport ) that are still in use today are known as Defence Munitions centres ( DM ) , e . g . DM Beith . History . Predecessors . The earliest Naval Ordnance Depots , which later became RNADs , were built by the Board of Ordnance . Many were former forts with large gunpowder magazines and other facilities , such as at Priddy ' s Hard and Upnor Castle . The Board of Ordnance was responsible for all fort s and armaments within the United Kingdom as well as the British Empire . When the Board of Ordnance was abolished in 1855 , control passed first to the War Office , then in 1891 to the Admiralty . On 1 January 1965 control of the armament depots passed to the Ministry of Defence and they became part of the Royal Naval Supply and Transport Service ( RNSTS ) . The RNSTS was formed from an amalgamation of the Directorates of Naval Stores , Victualling , Armament Supply , and Movements . Disbandment of the RNSTS . On 1 April 1994 , the RNSTS ceased to exist and was absorbed into the Naval Support Command . The RNADs also lost their independence .
Horizontal Integration Facility A horizontal integration facility ( HIF ) is a location within which the stages of a multistage rocket are brought together , before the assembled stack is rolled out to the launch pad or complex ( LC ) and raised into vertical position for launch . HIF elsewhere . Most Russian , Ukrainian and former Soviet launchers are integrated horizontally including Dnepr - 1 , Proton , Rockot , Shtil ' and Soyuz .
SM U - 19 ( Germany ) SM " U - 19 " was a German Type U 19 U - boat built for the Imperial German Navy . Her construction was ordered on 25 November 1910 , and her keel was laid down on 20 October 1911 , at the Kaiserliche Werft Danzig . She was launched on 10 October 1912 , and commissioned into the Imperial German Navy on 6 July 1913 . Service . From 1 August 1914 , to 15 March 1916 , " U - 19 " was commanded by Constantin Kolbe . During this period she had the unfortunate distinction of becoming the first U - boat casualty of World War I when she was rammed by on 29 October 1914 . Her hull was badly damaged , but she survived and was repaired . Kolbe was relieved by Raimund Weisbach , who had previously served as torpedo officer on and had ( on Kapitänleutnant Walther Schwieger ' s orders ) launched the torpedo that sank . During his brief command , Weisbach carried out an unusual mission : he delivered the revolutionary Roger Casement and two other agents to Banna Strand in Ireland in hopes that they would foment an uprising that would distract the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from World War I . Weisbach was relieved on 11 August 1916 , by Johannes Spiess , who was relieved in turn on 1 June 1917 , by Heinrich Koch . Koch turned the boat over on 25 October 1917 , to Hans Albrecht Liebeskind , who commanded for less than a month before being relieved on 17 November 1917 , by Johannes Spiess again . On 1 June 1918 , Hans Albrecht Liebeskind took over again and commanded " U - 19 " until the end of the war . " U - 19 " conducted 12 patrols , sinking 46 ships totalling 64 , 816 tons , including " Santa Maria " ( 5 , 383 tons ) off Lough Swilly on 25 February 1918 , " Tiberia " ( 4 , 880 tons ) off Black Head near Larne on 26 February 1918 , and ( 17 , 500 tons ) off Rathlin Island on 1 March 1918 . Fate . On 11 November 1918 , " U - 19 " was surrendered to the British , and was broken up at Blyth sometime in 1919 or 1920 . The main gun of " U19 " was donated to the people of Bangor , Co . Down and today sits near the War Memorial in the town ' s Ward Park . It was donated by the Admiralty in recognition of the valorious conduct of Commander The Hon . Edward Bingham whilst on board HMS Nestor while fighting in the Battle of Jutland in July 1916 for which he received the Victoria Cross . Original documents from Room 40 . The following is a verbatim transcription of the recorded activities of SM U - 19 known to British Naval Intelligence ( better known as Room 40 ) during 1914 - 1918 : Note : S . S . = Steam Ship ; S . V . = Sailing Vessel ; northabout , Muckle Flugga , Fair I . = around Scotland ; Sound , Belts , Kattegat = via North of Denmark to / from German Baltic ports ; Bight = to / from German North Sea ports ; success = sinking of ships