naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Cinque Ports ( 1703 ship ) Cinque Ports is the name of an English galley whose sailing master was Alexander Selkirk , generally accepted as a model for the fictional Robinson Crusoe . The ship was part of a 1703 expedition commanded by William Dampier , who captained an accompanying ship , the 26 - gun " St George " with a complement of 120 men . When the War of the Spanish Succession broke out in 1701 , English privateers were recruited to act against French and Spanish interests . Despite a court - martial for cruelty to one of his crew in an earlier voyage , Dampier was granted command of the two - ship expedition which departed England on 30 April 1703 for the port of Kinsale in Ireland . Final voyage . Dampier ' s original companions dropped out of the scheme and a new agreement was made with Captain Charles Pickering of the " Cinque Ports " . The " Cinque Ports " was fitted out with 16 guns and a crew of 63 . The two ships left Kinsale on 11 September 1703 with the intention of attacking Spanish galleons returning from Buenos Aires . When this plan fell through the privateers decided to make for the South Sea by way of Cape Horn . While the ships were off the coast of Brazil an outbreak of scurvy on board the " Cinque Ports " led to the death of a number of men , including the captain who was replaced by 21 - year - old Lieutenant Thomas Stradling . After rounding the Horn and cruising up the South American coast as far as Panama , capturing several Spanish ships on the way , the two captains decided to separate . Captain Stradling stopped at one of the islands of the Juan Fernández Archipelago off the Chilean coast in September 1704 to resupply . There was a dispute between Alexander Selkirk and Stradling regarding the " Cinque Ports " seaworthiness , and Selkirk impetuously chose to be put ashore on an uninhabited island . He remained on Juan Fernández in solitude for four years and four months , before being rescued by Woodes Rogers in 1709 . His experience was one of the likely sources of inspiration for the character Robinson Crusoe in the novel by Daniel Defoe . Selkirk ' s suspicions were soon justified , as the " Cinque Ports " sank near Malpelo Island from the coast of what is now Colombia , with Stradling and the surviving members of his crew being taken prisoner by the Spanish . Aftermath . An eyewitness account of the last voyage of the " Cinque Ports " was published by William Funnell , an officer on board the " St George " , who went on to circumnavigate the globe after abandoning Dampier in January 1705 . The owners of the " Cinque Ports " subsequently took legal action against Dampier for the loss of their ship . Selkirk swore in a deposition on 18 July 1712 that Dampier ' s having ignored the advice of the owners by not having the " Cinque Ports " and " St George " covered in protective wood sheathing had resulted in " the loss of both ships , for they perished by being worm eaten . " Other witnesses supported his allegation . The owners would be disappointed , however , as Dampier died in 1715 , leaving nothing but debts .
USS Rachel Seaman ( 1861 ) USS " Rachel Seaman " was a wooden schooner purchased by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . " Rachel Seaman " was armed as a gunboat and assigned to the Union blockade of the ports and waterways of the Confederate States of America . She also served as a storeship as the war came to an end . Purchased in Philadelphia in 1861 . " Rachel Seaman " was purchased by the Union Navy at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , 21 September 1861 , and was commissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard 16 November 1861 , Acting Master Quincey A . Hooper in command . Blockade operations . The schooner sailed for the Gulf of Mexico between 4 and 10 November and reported to Flag Officer McKean off Fort Pickens , Florida on the 29th for duty in the Gulf Blockading Squadron . After briefly serving in Mississippi River Sound and the Mississippi passes , " Rachel Seaman " arrived off Galveston , Texas on 30 December and patrolled the Texas coast . On 11 January 1862 , with gunboat , the schooner shelled Confederate batteries at Pass Cavallo and a week later engaged Confederate cannon at Velasco , Texas . In the summer she performed blockade duty off Mobile Bay , Alabama , but in September returned to the Texas coast . On the 25th , with the and , she bombarded Sabine Pass , Texas , forcing the Confederate garrison to spike their guns and abandon the works there . The next day , landing parties took possession of the fort . Captured Prizes . However , want of occupation troops prevented the Union Navy from holding the area . On 6 October , " Rachel Seaman " captured British schooner " Dart " attempting to run the blockade at Sabine Pass . On 15 October boat crews from " Rachel Seaman " and " Kensington " destroyed a railroad bridge at Taylor ' s Bayou , Texas , preventing Confederate reinforcement of Sabine Pass with heavy guns . They also burned schooners " Stonewall " and " Lone Star " and Southern barracks . " Rachel Seaman " took schooner " Nymph " off Pass Cavallo , Texas , 21 April 1863 . Almost a year later , while steaming east en route north , on 13 April 1864 , she captured her last prize British schooner " Maria Alfred " off Mermentau River , Louisiana . The schooner arrived at New York City 21 May and for the remainder of the Civil War served as a supply ship along the Atlantic coast . Decommissioning . She decommissioned at New York City 22 May 1865 and was sold at public auction there 30 May 1865 to a Mr . Wiggins .
Edmund O ' Toole Edmond Joseph O ' Toole VC was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Origins . According to the The Edmund O ' Toole VC Research Group , he was baptised in Dublin in 1848 . He is sometimes said to have been born at Grahamstown in South Africa but no evidence of his birth there has ever been found but contemporary references refer to him as Irish . Several sources report his death as 1891 in Salisbury , Rhodesia but there is a reference to him being a resident of the " Cape " in 1900 . and Tanser states the Darter ' s claim that he died in 1891 is incorrect . He was always known as Pat or Paddy O ' Toole . His first name is sometimes spelt as Edmond . Details . He was a Sergeant in the Frontier Light Horse , British Colonial forces during the Zulu War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 3 July 1879 at Ulundi , Zululand , South Africa , during the retirement of a reconnoitering party , a captain ( Lord William Leslie de la Poer Beresford ) of the 9th Lancers went to the assistance of Sergeant Fitzmaurice of the 24th Regiment whose horse had fallen and rolled on him . The Zulus were coming up quickly in great numbers , but the officer , with help from Sergeant O ' Toole , managed to mount the injured man behind him . He was , however , so dizzy that the sergeant , who had been keeping back the enemy , gave up his carbine and rode alongside to hold him on . They all finally reached safety . Beresford ' s VC was gazetted on 23 August 1879 , it is reported that when he collected his medal from the Queen he told her that " he could not in honour receive the recognition of his services unless it were shared in by Sergeant O ’ Toole " . O ' Toole was then gazetted on 10 October 1879 . He later achieved the rank of Captain .
HMS Empress ( D42 ) The USS " Carnegie " ( CVE - 38 ) ( previously AVG - 38 then later ACV - 38 ) was an escort aircraft carrier built in 1942 - 43 for transfer to the United Kingdom . She was reclassified ACV - 38 on 20 August 1942 , and CVE - 38 on 15 July 1943 . She was commissioned on 9 August 1943 for a period of three days prior to being turned over to the United Kingdom , under whom she served as HMS " Empress " ( D42 ) . Design and description . These ships were all larger and had a greater aircraft capacity than all the preceding American built escort carriers . They were also all laid down as escort carriers and not converted merchant ships . All the ships had a complement of 646 men and an overall length of , a beam of and a draught of . Propulsion was provided a steam turbine , two boilers connected to one shaft giving 9 , 350 brake horsepower ( SHP ) , which could propel the ship at . Aircraft facilities were a small combined bridge – flight control on the starboard side , two aircraft lifts by , one aircraft catapult and nine arrestor wires . Aircraft could be housed in the by hangar below the flight deck . Armament comprised : two 4 inch Dual Purpose guns in single mounts , sixteen 40 mm Bofors anti - aircraft gun s in twin mounts and twenty 20 mm Oerlikon anti - aircraft cannons in single mounts . They had a maximum aircraft capacity of twenty - four aircraft which could be a mixture of Grumman Martlet , Vought F4U Corsair or Hawker Sea Hurricane fighter aircraft and Fairey Swordfish or Grumman Avenger anti - submarine aircraft . Service history . During World War II , she served in both the Pacific and Indian Oceans . In September 1945 , " Empress " was involved in Operation Tiderace , the reoccupation of Singapore from the Japanese . On 28 January 1946 , she was restored to United States custody , was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 28 March 1946 and was sold for scrap 21 June 1946 . References .
Bezerenbam and Mişelav Bezerenbam ( or Bazaram - bam ) and Mişelav were the Wallachia n ( Romanian ) leaders ( the former a " ban " according to Xenopol , Hasdeu and Constantin C . Giurescu ) mentioned in 1241 , in the Persian chronicle of Rashid - al - Din Hamadani ( Fazel - Ullah - Raschid ) . They appear in the context of the Mongol invasion of Europe . The former ' s army was located in " Ilaut country " , as the chronicle says : In his work , " History of the Romanians " , Alexandru D . Xenopol considers that it is possible for Bezerenbam , or Basarab the ban , to be the same person as Litovoi , mentioned in a document from 1247 as ruler of the same land . He considers Bazaram - bam is an ancestor of the Romanian dynasty of Basarab Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu also thinks that the leader was " Basarab the ban " , a local leader , while Constantin C . Giurescu considers that this name was a distorted form of the title of Ban of Severin ( Terra Zeurino ) . Neagu Djuvara is considering the possibility that Mişelav was Seneslau , another Wallachian leader contemporary with and neighbouring Litovoi .
SCB - 125 SCB - 125 was the United States Navy designation for a series of upgrades to the " Essex " class of aircraft carrier s conducted between 1954 and 1959 . These upgrades included the addition of an angled flight deck and other enhancements aimed at improving flight operations and seakeeping . Principal alterations . The SCB - 125 modifications included Program history . The SCB - 125 upgrade program was first applied to the final three " Essex " - class carriers to undergo the SCB - 27C modernization while they were still in the midst of their original refit . Ultimately every SCB - 27 ship would undergo the SCB - 125 modification with the exception of . Despite the drastic alteration of the carriers ' appearance , the SCB - 125 refit involved relatively little modification of the ships ' existing structure compared to SCB - 27 , and took around six to nine months as against the approximately two years of the earlier program . The original SCB - 27A vessels , which were fitted with a pair of H 8 hydraulic catapult s , were not upgraded with the C 11 steam catapults fitted to their SCB - 27C sister ships due to machinery space limitations . The SBC - 27As also did not receive the enlarged No . 1 ( forward ) elevator installed in the 27C ships as part of SBC - 125 . The first three 27C ships ( " Hancock , Intrepid " and " Ticonderoga " ) had had their No 3 elevators moved from the centerline to the starboard deck edge , in a position relatively far aft . The next three ( " Shangri - La , Lexington " and " Bon Homme Richard " ) , which underwent 27C and 125 concurrently , had the elevator relocated to a deck - edge position farther forward , and this location was used for the 27A ships as they in turn underwent SCB - 125 . USS " Oriskany " ( CV - 34 ) , the prototype for the SCB - 27 conversion , was the final " Essex " to undergo SCB - 125 conversion and as such , received further enhancements . As a result of the addition of Mk 7 arresting gear and more - powerful C 11 - 1 steam catapults to the standard SCB - 125 modifications , " Oriskany " alone was referred to as a SCB - 125A vessel . These changes also made " Oriskany " the sole SCB - 27A vessel to receive steam catapults . Modified vessels . " Source : www . history . navy . mil "
Venezuelan National Militia The Venezuelan National Militia is a component of the Military of Venezuela . History . It is the most ancient defense force of the nation , the first source that can be found is in the indigenous resistance groups ( mainly of Caribbean civilization , and their descendants , who won the reputation of being courageous , cunning and daring ) during the 16th , 17th and 18th century , they fought against the Spanish colonial domination . However , on July 13 , 1797 , two militiamen , Manuel Gaul and Jose Maria Espalier , rebelled against Spain . The conspiracy of Gaul and Espalier with the participation of all classes of colonial society , was the first movement with popular roots . Then in the first half of the 19th century , groups of peasants joined the libertarian cause , becoming auxiliaries trained in the Liberation Army by soldiers and officers moderately or highly trained academically . Already in the second half of the 19th century , the militias appeared , usually Moonstone groups that united with local warlords in the provinces , and surroundings for their protection , this was regulated by militia laws . It took about 100 years to return to the figure of the Reserves , as autonomous and auxiliary forces of the remaining components . Organization . The General Command of the National Militia is divided in two parts : 1 . The National Reserve , consisting of all Venezuelan citizens who are not in active military service , or have completed military service , or who voluntarily join the reserve units . 2 . The Territorial Guard , consisting of all Venezuelan citizens who voluntarily serve to organize local resistance to any external aggression . At the moment the General Command of the National Militia , is organized on the basis of nine ( 09 ) Reserve groupings , present throughout the national territory , and a dozen of Special Resistance Corps ( grouped around workers contingents of enterprises and national institutions ) . It is an autonomous and auxiliary force for the remaining branches of the FAN . It can be estimated at the present time about 400 , 000 men and women are on various training levels , but the target of its authorities is to reach 1 , 100 , 000 full - time militia personnel . The Commander of the National Militia is Major General Gustavo Enrique Gonzalez Lopez .
Andra livgrenadjärregementet Andra livgrenadjärregementet ( 2nd Life Grenadier Regiment ) , designation I 5 , was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century . It was merged into a new regiment in 1927 . The regiment ' s soldiers were recruited from the province of Östergötland . History . The regiment has its origins in fänikor ( companies ) raised in Östergötland in the 16th century . These units later formed Östgöta infanteriregemente and Östgöta kavalleriregemente which merged in 1791 and formed Livgrenadjärregementet . This regiment was split in 1816 creating Andra livgrenadjärregementet and Första livgrenadjärregementet . The regiment was allotted in 1687 . The regiment was given the designation I 5 ( 5th Infantry Regiment ) in a general order in 1816 . Andra livgrenadjärregementet was then merged with Första livgrenadjärregementet in 1928 to reform the old Livgrenadjärregementet .
Sydney Cenotaph The Sydney Cenotaph is located in Martin Place and is one of the oldest World War I monuments in the Central Business District . On the southern side , facing the General Post Office it states " To Our Glorious Dead " and on the Northern side , facing Challis House it states " Lest We Forget . " It is used on a regular basis for ceremonies , far more than the Australian War Memorial in Canberra . The Cenotaph is the centre for the Anzac and Armistice Day dawn service ceremonies held in Sydney , regularly drawing thousands of attendees . History . Martin Place , adjacent to the General Post Office ( GPO ) , was the location in which the majority of Sydney ' s soldiers enlisted into the Australian Army for World War I . The Sydney GPO was also the main conduit of news information during World War I . On 8 March 1926 , the Premier of NSW , Jack Lang , indicated that the State Government would provide a sum of ten thousand pounds for the commissioning of Sir Bertram Mackennal to undertake the project of the design and erection of a Cenotaph in Martin Place , to be completed by 25 April 1929 . It was completed in 1927 . Made of granite , it weighs 20 tonnes . The statues . The model for the soldier was Private William Pigott Darby from the 15th Infantry Battalion ( Gallipoli & the Western Front ; wounded at Pozieres ) and 4th Field Ambulance AIF . A native of Monasterevin , Ireland ( born 25 Apr 1872 ) , he died in Brisbane on 15 November 1935 . The model for the sailor was Leading Seaman John William Varco . He enlisted on 3 June 1913 , served on HMAS " Pioneer " ( 1914 – 1916 ) in German East Africa and on HMAS " Parramatta " ( 1917 – 1919 ) . He was awarded the Commonwealth Distinguished Service Medal in 1918 ( one of 60 Australians to earn this honour ) and died in October 1948 .
Alwin - Broder Albrecht Alwin - Broder Albrecht ( 18 September 1903 – 1 May 1945 ) was a German naval officer who was one of Adolf Hitler ' s adjutant s during World War II . Biography . He was born in Sankt Peter - Ording in the Province of Schleswig - Holstein . In 1922 he joined the German Navy . On 1 June 1934 , he was promoted to Kapitänleutnant . Then on 1 November 1937 , he was promoted to the rank of Korvettenkapitän . When Karl - Jesco von Puttkamer , Hitler ' s liaison officer to the Navy , was transferred to active service on 19 June 1938 , Albrecht took over that position . However , on 30 June 1939 , the Commander of the Navy Grossadmiral Erich Raeder wanted him transferred to Tokyo as a military attaché or kicked out of the Navy completely when it was found out that Albrecht had married a woman " with a past " . Hitler was against it . So on 1 July 1939 , Hitler appointed Albrecht a NSKK - Oberführer and made him one of his adjutant s . Hitler had an argument with Raeder over it and this was something Raeder never forgot . Hitler went on to meet Albrecht ' s wife and liked her . Under Reichsleiter Philipp Bouhler , Albrecht remained on Hitler ' s staff and worked in the Reich Chancellery in Berlin . In 1945 , he spent time in the Führerbunker serving in his capacity as an adjutant to Hitler . Albrecht was last seen defending Hitler ' s Reich Chancellery with a machine gun . He is believed to have committed suicide on 1 May 1945 , aged 41 .
3rd Dental Battalion The 3rd Dental Battalion is a unit of the United States Navy that supports United States Marine Corps forces on Okinawa , Japan . The battalion includes nine dental clinics , approximately 77 Dental Officers , 4 Medical Service Corps officers , 181 Dental Technicians , and 26 civilians . The unit is based out of Camp Foster and falls under the command of the 3rd Marine Logistics Group and the III Marine Expeditionary Force . Mission . Ensure dental readiness and optimize dental health for all beneficiaries while supporting operational and humanitarian mission . History . The 3rd Dental Battalion was activated on November 1 , 1979 , at Camp Kinser , Okinawa , Japan and assigned to the 3rd Force Service Support Group , Fleet Marine Forces , Pacific . 3rd Dental Company and 11th Dental Company were activated in 1955 . Both companies served in the Republic of Vietnam from June 1965 to November 1969 and were awarded the Presidential Unit Citation , the National Defense Service Medal , Vietnam Service Medal and the Vietnam Cross of Gallantry with palm . 3rd Dental Battalion headquarters relocated from Camp Kinser to Camp Foster in April 1992 .
Veterans Aid Veteran ' s Aid is a UK charity for Veterans in crisis . It operates from an HQ and Drop - in Centre at 40 Buckingham Palace Road , London , SW1W 0RE , just a few minutes walk from Victoria Station . It also operates a hostel called New Belvedere House in East London ( Royal Navy , Royal Marines , Army , RAF or Merchant Navy ) . History . Veterans Aid started life in 1932 as EFC . In 2007 it was renamed Veterans Aid and its remit extended from homelessness to all issues affecting veterans in crisis . It was founded by the wife of Major Gilbert Huggins after her husband narrowly escaped death by drowning in Malta ' s Grand Harbour . Grateful for what she considered to be a miracle of deliverance , she started looking for some way in which she could be of service . Being frequently approached for money by homeless Veterans in London , she decided to establish an organisation to help them . This led to the opening in January 1932 of H10 - a canteen and recreation room for destitute ex - services personnel in Lambeth , South London . Additional accommodation was obtained , including a hostel and a night shelter , and in 1933 , the title Embankment Fellowship Centre ( EFC ) was adopted . In March 1969 the name was changed to Ex - Service Fellowship Centres ( the acronym EFC being retained ) . In October 2007 , the Trustees decided that the name of the charity should be changed to " Veterans Aid " in order to reflect more accurately the nature of the work done . It operates from an HQ and Drop - in Centre at 40 Buckingham Palace Road , London , SW1W 0RE , a few minutes walk from Victoria Station . It also operates a hostel called New Belvedere House in East London .
Führer Directive No . 30 Führer Directive No . 30 ( ) was a directive issued by German dictator Adolf Hitler during World War II . It ordered German support for Iraq ' s Arab nationalists , who were fighting the British . Overview and background . Führer Directive No . 30 dealt with German intervention in support of Arab nationalists in the Kingdom of Iraq . During the 1930s , representatives of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy attempted to gain favor with various Iraqi nationalists and promised support against the British . On 1 April 1941 , Rashid Ali and members of the pro - Axis " Golden Square " staged a " coup d ' etat " against the pro - British government of Regent Amir Abdul Illah . On 2 May , after tensions mounted on both sides , the British launched pre - emptive air strikes against Iraqi forces and the Anglo - Iraqi War began . Rashid Ali immediately requested that the Germans make good on the earlier promises of assistance . Full text of the directive . On 23 May 1941 , Hitler issued Führer Directive No . 30 which said : < br >
Traugott von Sauberzweig Traugott Martin von Sauberzweig ( October 28 , 1863 to April 14 , 1920 in Kassel ) was a Prussian " Generalleutnant " ( Lieutenant General ) who served on both the Eastern and Western Front in the German Army during World War I . In 1915 he had been Military Governor of Brussels in the days of Edith Cavell ' s execution , and in connection with this tragedy his name was prominently mentioned . The Cavell case was the reason that von Sauberzweig was supplanted . Among those who had to suffer under his following anger had been Herbert Hoover and his Commission for Relief in Belgium as von Sauberzweig was close to interrupt the services of this organisation . He served as chief of staff on the 8th Army in the Ukraine in 1916 and was awarded the " Pour le Mérite " on 6 September 1917 .