naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Vučitrn massacre The Vučitrn massacre was the mass killing of Kosovo Albanian refugees near Vučitrn , during the Kosovo War on May 2 , 1999 . Background . A column of about 1 , 000 refugees were travelling in a convoy of about 100 tractors , who were fleeing fighting between the KLA and Serbian forces east of Vučitrn . Serbian Police and Serb paramilitary forces caught up with the convoy that traveled south . On May 2 and 3 between Gornja Sudimlja and Donja Sudimlja ( ) near Vučitrn , police and paramilitaries killed an estimated one hundred men . Romeu Ventura , an investigator for the UN war crimes tribunal , stated that 120 civilians were murdered on 2 May by Serb forces and buried two days later in a mass grave five miles east of Vučitrn . After the war , forensic teams from the War Crimes Tribunal discovered ninety - eight bodies in Gornja Sudimlja . The Vučitrn case has been raised at the trial of Serbian police general Vlastimir Đorđević . The indictment against Đorđević alleges that some 105 Kosovo Albanians were killed in the massacre near the village of Sudimlje on 2 May 1999 . Đorđević was sentenced to 27 years in prison .
Battle of Qichun The Battle of Qichun took place in June 223 between the state of Cao Wei and the kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history . After the Battle of Dongkou , a Wu general Jin Zong ( 晋宗 ) defected to Wei and moved north of the Yangtze River to the new Wei outpost at Qichun . In response , Sun Quan sent He Qi to supervise Mi Fang ( 麋芳 ) , Xianyu Dan ( 鮮于丹 ) , Liu Shao ( 劉邵 ) and Hu Zong ( 胡综 ) to attack Qichun by advancing up the river . However , the weather was extremely hot and most of the Wu forces began to withdraw . Jin Zong , in response , let down his guard . This allowed He Qi to penetrate the Wei army and capture the rebel . Thus , the rebellion was quashed . This occurred at the southern slopes of the Dabie Shan .
František Moravec František Moravec ( July 23 , 1895 , Čáslav – July 26 , 1966 , Washington , D . C . ) was Czechoslovak military intelligence officer before and during World War II . In 1915 Moravec was drafted into Austro - Hungarian Army and sent to the Eastern Front , into Galicia . In September 1914 he fought at the Battle of Rawa . On January 13 , 1915 Moravec was taken as prisoner by Russian troops and sent to the POW camp in Tsaritsyn . In 1916 he joined the Serbian Legion and fought in the Romanian Front , was moved from Archangel ( Archangelsk ) to Britain , and in 1917 joined the Czechoslovak Legions at the Salonica Front . In January 1918 the legions were sent to the Western Front in France and in summer 1918 to the Italian Front . After the Great War he was sent to Slovakia to fight against the Hungarian and the Slovak Soviet Republic . After 1919 Moravec served as an army officer in Pilsen ( Plzeň ) and in 1930 he joined the military intelligence service and moved to Prague . During 1937 – 1939 Moravec was head of the service . In the evening of March 14 , 1939 he and 10 of his fellow intelligence officers secretly managed to fly away with the most valuable intelligence files and archives from Prague Ruzyně Airport to London Croydon Airport with a stopover in Rotterdam on ad hoc chartered KLM Douglas DC - 3 , as they knew in advance from their secret agents operating in Nazi Germany that the invasion leading to German occupation of Czechoslovakia was to be on March 15 , 1939 at 6 a . m . Rescued files and archives were handed over to the British MI6 to be used against Germany . Later in Britain , from 1940 to 1945 , Moravec served as the chief of the intelligence service of . The headquarters of the military intelligence were in Porchester Gate in London , but from 1940 his private residence was in Addington , Buckinghamshire . This was near Aston Abbotts where exiled President of Czechoslovakia Edvard Beneš had his residence . Moravec maintained secret radio contact with the Czech anti - Nazi Resistance group known as Three Kings Group from 1939 until 1942 . He co - ordinated the Czechoslovak co - operation with SOE . He participated in planning and preparation of Operation Anthropoid resulting in the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich . He also planned the assassination of his namesake Emanuel Moravec — a traitor and Nazi collaborator who was also known as the " Czech Quisling " . František Moravec returned to Czechoslovakia in 1945 after the Nazi Germany defeat , but left secretly again in 1948 , shortly after the communist takeover of power . He settled in the USA where he worked until his death as an intelligence advisor in the Department of Defense .
Robert E . Withers Robert Enoch Withers ( September 18 , 1821September 21 , 1907 ) was an American physician , military officer , newspaperman , politician and diplomat . He represented Virginia in the United States Senate and served as U . S . Consul in Hong Kong . Biography . Withers was born near Lynchburg , Virginia . He attended private schools and then graduated from the medical department of the University of Virginia at Charlottesville in 1841 . He commenced practice in Campbell County . In 1858 , Withers moved to Danville , Virginia . During the American Civil War , he entered the Confederate Army in early 1861 as the major of the 18th Virginia Infantry . He was subsequently promoted to colonel of the regiment , which he commanded until retired because of numerous disabling wounds . He was then appointed to command the Confederate military post at Danville , an administrative position he held until the close of the war . Following the Civil War , Withers moved back to Lynchburg in 1866 and established the " Lynchburg News " , a daily paper devoted to the interests of the Conservative Party . He was nominated for Governor of Virginia by that party , but withdrew from the race . He was a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1872 . He was elected the 11th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in 1873 . He was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4 , 1875 , to March 4 , 1881 . He served as the chairman of the Committee on Pensions in the Forty - sixth Congress . Withers was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1881 , losing to former Civil War general William Mahone of the Readjuster Party . He was appointed by President Grover Cleveland as the United States consul at Hong Kong , China , from 1885 – 89 , when he resigned . He returned to the United States and retired to Wytheville , Virginia . During his retirement , he comprised his personal autobiography , " Memoirs of an Octogenarian " . Withers died at the " Ingleside " plantation in Wytheville on September 21 , 1907 . He was buried in the East End Cemetery .
USAV Malvern Hill ( LCU 2025 ) The United States Army Vessel " Malvern Hill " ( LCU 2025 ) is a Landing Craft Utility of the . Though currently assigned to the 481st Transportation Company ( Heavy Boat ) ( U . S . Army Reserve ) , which is headquartered in Port Hueneme , California , the craft is berthed in Tacoma , Washington . The vessel ' s namesake is the battle of Malvern Hill in the U . S . Civil War .
VBC - 90 The VBC - 90 ( Véhicule Blindé de Combat - armoured combat vehicle ) is a 6x6 armoured car equipped with a 90 mm high velocity gun in a GIAT TS 90 rotating turret . It equips the armoured squadron of the Mobile Gendarmerie , with 32 units built . Design . The VBC - 90 was developed by Renault Véhicules Industriels based on Renault ' s Véhicule de l ' Avant Blindé ( VAB ) wheeled armoured personnel carrier , which had been built in large numbers for the French army . Unlike the VAB , it was not designed to meet an official requirement , being intended to meet export requirements . It has a steel hull armoured to protect against small arms fire . It has a crew of three , with the driver sitting at the front of the vehicle with three bullet - proof windows provided for the driver . A GIAT TS 90 turret carries the commander and gunner , and carries an armament of a 90 mm cannon with a co - axial 7 . 62 mm machine gun . 20 rounds of 90 mm ammunition are carried in the turret , with a further 25 rounds in the hull . It is powered by a six - cylinder diesel engine mounted at the rear of the hull , driving a 6x6 drive . The vehicle is not amphibious , unlike the VAB on which it was based . History . The first prototype VBC - 90 was completed in 1979 . The French National Gendarmerie placed an order for 28 VBC - 90s , with deliveries starting in 1983 . A further six VBC - 90s were purchased by Oman , but no further production followed .
G . M . Mushfiqur Rahman Lieutenant G . M . Mushfiqur Rahman Bir Uttam ( 1966 - 1989 ) was an officer of the Bangladesh Army . He was born on 30 November 1966 . He was commissioned from the Bangladesh Military Academy in 1986 . He was posted in 1 Field Artillery Regiment of Bangladesh Army in Chittagong Hill Tracts . On 8 September 1989 , he led a 17 member team of Bangladesh Army soldiers and attacked a terrorist Shanti Bahini camp . Lieutenant Rahman was injured during the clash and he died on 8 September 1989 at 8 . 15 am . He was posthmously awarded Bir Uttom award .
German destroyer Z35 Z35 was a Type 1936B destroyer of the German " Kriegsmarine " . She was laid down on 6 June 1941 at Deschimag in Bremen , launched on 2 October 1942 and commissioned on 22 September 1943 . Her service was with the 6th Destroyer Flotilla in the Baltic Sea under the command of " Kapitänleutnant " Niels Bätge . On 12 December 1944 , while laying a minefield off Estonia in the Gulf of Finland , she struck a German mine and sank . Design . " Z35 " was a Type 1936B - class destroyer , which meant that the twin turrets positioned on the bow and stern of the ship were removed . This was because the older Type 1936A class of destroyers were deemed less stable . The twin turrets , which were planned to have been used on the s but diverted due to time constraints were removed and replaced with five single turrets , along with more anti - aircraft defences . Besides that , the ship retained the main characteristics of the 1936A class . They displaced , and were manned by 321 sailors and officers . Although they had a maximum speed of , their range was at . Her main armament of five 12 . 7 cm SK C / 34 naval gun s could be depressed to −10° and raised to 30° . They had an arc of fire of 360° , meaning that they could rotate a full circle , able to fire at any given point . The guns fired high - explosive shells at a muzzle velocity of to a range of . The destroyer also carried four anti - aircraft guns and six anti - aircraft guns in pairs . She had eight torpedo tubes and , when fitted as a minelayer , could carry 76 mines .
Bertrand Bessières Bertrand Bessières , 1st Baron Bessières ( b . 6 January 1773 in Prayssac ; † 15 November 1855 in Chantilly ) , was a French general of the Napoleonic Wars . He was the younger brother of Marshal Jean - Baptiste Bessières . After serving with a good record in Italy , in Egypt and at Hohenlinden , Bertrand Bessières had a command in the " Grande Armée " , fought at Austerlitz and was subsequently promoted to brigadier general . In 1808 was sent to Spain , where he commanded a division in Catalonia and played a notable part at the action of Molins de Rey near Barcelona . Disagreements with his superior , General Duhesme , led to his resignation , but he subsequently served with Napoleon in all the later campaigns of the empire and was wounded at Borodino and Leipzig . His last public act was his defence of the unfortunate Marshal Ney . Placed on the retired list by the restored Bourbons , he spent the rest of his long life in retirement .
HMNZS Kahu ( A04 ) HMNZS " Kahu " ( A04 ) was a " Moa " class inshore patrol vessel of the Royal New Zealand Navy . She was launched in 1979 as the lead boat of her class , modified to function as a diving tender . She was initially named HMNZS " Manawanui " ( A09 ) , the second of three diving tenders with this name to serve in the New Zealand Navy . As a diving tender she participated in the exploration and salvage work of the wreck MS " Mikhail Lermontov " in March 1986 . On 17 May 1988 , she was renamed " Kahu " ( A04 ) and recommissioned as the basic seamanship and navigation training vessel attached to the Royal New Zealand Naval College . " Kahu " is the second boat with this name to serve in the New Zealand Navy . " Kāhu " also is the Māori name for a New Zealand native harrier hawk . She was replaced in her role as a diving tender by HMNZS " Manawanui " ( A09 ) . She remained in service for seamanship , Officer of the Watch training and as a backup diving tender until her decommissioning on 30 October 2009 . The ship was sold for use as a pleasure craft on 18 February 2010 . " Kahu " was distinguished from other boats of the " Moa " class by the gantry on her quarterdeck and lack of funnels .
Leslie Hamilton Lieutenant Leslie Hamilton DFC was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . After a postwar spell of stunt flying as " The Flying Gypsy " , he attempted the first nonstop east - west flight across the Atlantic Ocean . His Fokker F . VII a name " St . Raphael " , was last seen in mid - Atlantic by USS " Josiah Macy " , a Standard Oil ship . World War I service . Hamilton made his mark in Greece , flying a Royal Aircraft Factory SE . 5 a . His first victory , scored while he was in 17 Squadron stationed in Salonika , was on 21 April 1918 and was shared with fellow ace Acheson Goulding . After 17 Squadron was consolidated with 47 Squadron , Hamilton scored five more wins for the resulting new squadron , No . 150 . The four triumphs he notched between 4 May and 4 September were shared with other aces , such as Gerald Gibbs , Frederick Travers , and Gerald Gordon Bell . Hamilton ' s sixth and last win , on 18 September 1918 , was a solo one . Post war disappearance . Hamilton resigned his commission on 28 November 1919 . He barnstorm ed a bit as " The Flying Gypsy " . In 1927 , he became involved in an attempt to set an aviation record by flying the Atlantic Ocean from east to west , from England to Canada . Princess Anne of Löwenstein - Wertheim - Freudenberg financed the attempt and was a passenger on the Fokker F . VII chosen for the attempt . Colonel Frederick F . Minchin and Hamilton were the other participants . The Fokker , named " St . Raphael " , headed west from the coast of Ireland and was last seen , flying west over the mid - Atlantic , by the crew of the USS " Josiah Macy " . References . " Above the Trenches : a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915 - 1920 . " Christopher F . Shores , Norman L . R . Franks , Russell Guest . Grub Street , 1990 . ISBN 0 - 948817 - 19 - 4 , ISBN 978 - 0 - 948817 - 19 - 9 .
USS Mystery ( SP - 428 ) " Note : This ship should not be confused with two other World War I - era ships named USS " Mystery " . The first USS " Mystery " ( SP - 428 ) was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . " Mystery " was built in 1917 by Luders Marine Construction Company at Stamford , Connecticut , as a private motorboat of the same name . Her design was similar to one prepared in 1916 by Luders Marine for a Navy patrol boat , and it is likely that her owner , Mr . Ralph Pulitzer of New York City , intended from the first to make her available to the U . S . Navy in the event the United States entered World War I . On 18 June 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired " Mystery " for World War I service under a free lease from Pulitzer , and she was enrolled in the Naval Coast Defense Reserve . Pulitzer delivered her to the Navy on 24 July 1917 . She was commissioned as USS " Mystery " ( SP - 428 ) on 25 July 1917 , with Lieutenant , junior grade , Ralph Pulitzer in command . Assigned to the 2nd Naval District , " Mystery " operated from the section base at Block Island , Rhode Island . She patrolled the coastal waters of Connecticut and Rhode Island as well as the approaches to Long Island Sound . The last few months of her career overlapped with that of the second USS " Mystery " ( ID - 2744 ) . " Mystery " was returned to her owner on 11 January 1919 .
Multan Regiment Multan Regiment was a regiment of the British Indian Army that saw action in the Battle of Ghazni , during the First Afghan War in 1839 . The regiment was based in the city of Multan where it was first raised . Since the independence of Pakistan in 1947 , it has been part of the Pakistan Army .
Colin Cockcroft Lieutenant - General Colin Cockcroft SSA SM ( 4 October 1917 - 1987 ) was a South African military commander . A medical doctor , he served as Surgeon General from 1969 to 1977 . Early career . He obtained a MbChb degree from the University of the Witwatersrand in 1946 and later obtained a Masters degree in pediatrics from the University of Pretoria Military career . He joined the South African Army ' s medical corps in 1947 but later resigned in 1948 . He served in 5 & 7 Field Ambulance in the Citizen Force until he joined the Permanent Force in 1960 . He commanded 1 Military Hospital , served as Deputy Surgeon General and later commanded the centralised South African Medical Service , as Surgeon - General , from 1969 to 1977 , before he retired Other work . He also served on the South African Medical and Dental Council and was a member of the South African Academy of Art and Science . on 1 December 1973 he was appointed the first Honorary Professor of Medicine at the University of Pretoria
John V . Creely John Vaudain Creely ( November 14 , 1839 - declared dead September 28 , 1900 ) was an Independent Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . Biography . John Creely was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania where he practiced law as an adult . During the Civil War served with the Union Army as an officer of Light Artillery . He was a member of the Philadelphia City Council for four years . He was elected in 1870 as an Independent Republican to the 42nd United States Congress . Before his term of service had expired he mysteriously disappeared , and upon the application of his sister , Adelaide G . Creely , to whom was awarded his estate , he was declared legally dead on September 28 , 1900 , by the orphans ’ court of Philadelphia .
Salvatore John Cavallaro Salvatore John Cavallaro ( 6 September 1920 – 9 September 1943 ) was an officer of the United States Navy during World War II . Biography . Cavallaro was born on 6 September 1920 in New York City . He enlisted in the Naval Reserve on 6 January 1942 , and was commissioned Ensign on 28 January 1943 . After training in landing craft , he joined the transport USS " Lyon " ( AP - 71 ) . In the invasion of Sicily , he was assigned to guide the landing of the waves of assault boats , and with skill and courage , under repeated strafing and bombing attacks , carried on throughout the night and early daylight hours of 10 July 1943 . Assigned similar duty in the invasion of Salerno Gulf on 9 September 1943 , he was killed in action when his LCT was struck by shellfire . He was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his gallant service at Sicily . Namesake . In 1944 , the high speed transport USS " Cavallaro " ( APD - 128 ) was named in his honor .
Arenberg Château Kasteel van Arenberg ( Dutch ) , or Arenberg Château in English , is a château in Heverlee close to Leuven in Belgium . It is surrounded by a park . History . The site had been the castle of the lords of Heverlee since the 12th century , but this family became impoverished and had to sell the site in 1445 to the Croÿ family from Picardy . Antoon van Croy demolished the medieval castle and started works to build the current château in 1455 on the site , of which he destroyed all but one tower . Willem van Croÿ completed the works on the château in 1515 , and founded a monastery on the château grounds for the Benedictine Celestines . The architectural style is in large part traditionally Flemish , with sandstone window frames and brick walls , though it has been structurally altered since 1515 and has elements of Gothic , Renaissance and Neo Gothic architecture . Its large corner towers are typical , once surmounted by a German eagle . Charles III of Croy was the 4th and last duke , and after his death in 1612 without issue the château passed to the Arenberg family into which his sister had married , and remained in that family until the First World War . The first manned gas - filled balloon flight in history took off from the front lawn of the château on November 21 , 1783 ; the balloonist was professor Jan Pieter Minckeleers . < br > Even before the First World War , the 8th duke of Arenberg wanted to sell the château and its grounds to the Catholic University of Leuven , for a reasonable price . During the First World War , the château and grounds were occupied by the Germans and Austrians . The château and park were seized by the Belgian government on the outbreak of , and then after the war since the Arenberg family was considered to be German or Austrian due to their close Habsburg connection , monarchs of Austria - Hungary . It took until 1921 for the University to acquire them , becoming an expanded natural sciences and engineering campus in the style of that of an American university . After the partitioning of the university along language lines in 1968 , the château and grounds remained with the Dutch speaking half as one of the main campuses for the new , independent Katholieke Universiteit Leuven . The château itself is the main building of the Faculty of Engineering and houses lecture rooms and studios for the Department of Architecture , Urbanism and Urban Planning , including the Post - Graduate Centre Human Settlements and the Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation . The building is open to the public . The former Celestine monastery on the château grounds now houses the campus library , and the addresses of many of the science buildings are on the street named " Celestijnlaan " ( Dutch for " Celestine Street " ) .
Dieudonné de Gozon Dieudonné de Gozon was the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes from 1346 to 1353 . He was born to a noble family in Languedoc , France . He carried the nickname " Extinctor Draconis " which means " The Dragon Slayer " in Latin . The Dragon of Rhodes . It is so told that there was a dragon in the island of Rhodes , Greece , hiding in the local swamp , and killing the cattle of the local farmers . Despite the orders of the previous Grand Master not to disturb the beast , Gozon slew the dragon , and hung the head on one of the seven gates of the medieval town of Rhodes . The head was on display until a hundred years ago , when a biologist pointed out it was the skull of a large crocodile . In 1347 and 1348 the Grand Master proved his gallantry when the Order marched to the help of King Constantine IV of Armenia , threatened by the army of the Sultan of Egypt .
Joseph Janvier Woodward Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Janvier Woodward ( 1833 – 1884 ) , commonly known as J . J . Woodward , served in the U . S . Civil War as Army Assistant Surgeon and produced several publications on war - related diseases . He was also a microscopist known worldwide and an instrumental pioneer in photo - microscopy . A collection of his photo - micrographs are preserved at the Royal Microscopical Society London . Woodward performed - and wrote reports on - the autopsies of both Abraham Lincoln and John Wilkes Booth . He also attended to president Garfield after he was shot . According to a website run by the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory : " Woodward was the first scientist to establish photomicrography as a tool for both scientific and medical investigations . " According to an article in the Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine : " In addition to collecting specimens for the museum ' s archive , he coauthored the definitive medical history of the Civil War in the 6 - volume 1870 publication of the MSHWR . 4 Woodward ' s technique using aniline dyes for staining thin sections of tissue , along with his pioneering work in photomicroscopy , helped prepare the groundwork for modern surgical pathology . " He was also a curator of certain sections of the Army Medical Museum .