naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
British Salonika Army The British Salonika Army was a British field army of the British Army during World War I . First World War . The Army was formed in Salonika under Lieutenant General George Milne to oppose Bulgarian advances in the region as part of the Macedonian front ( World War I ) . The army arrived in Salonika ( along with French troops ) on October 15 , 1915 . It eventually comprised two corps and remained in place until 1921 . Component units . British XII Corps British XVI Corps GHQ Troops Commanders - in - Chief . Commanders included :
SS Cotati Cotati was a 5 , 963 ton refrigerated cargo ship which was built in 1919 . She was renamed Empire Avocet in 1942 and sunk by " U - 125 " on 29 September 1942 . History . " Cotati " was built by Moore Shipbuilding Co , Oakland , California and launced on 30 March 1919 . She was completed on 26 August 1919 . " Cotati " was built for the United States Shipping Board . On 19 December 1920 , she rescued the crew of the American schooner " Jane Palmer " , which had been abandoned at . They were landed in Bermuda . " Cotati " was transferred to the United States Maritime Commission in 1937 and laid up in the reserve fleet on 31 December 1939 . In 1942 , " Cotati " was transferred to the Ministry of War Transport and renamed " Empire Avocet " , operating under the management of the New Zealand Shipping Co . " Cotati " was not renamed immediately as she is recorded as being a member of several convoys during the Second World War . " Cotati " was listed as a member of Convoy SC 79 , which departed Halifax , Nova Scotia on 11 April 1942 and arrived at Liverpool on 27 April , but she did not sail with the convoy . " Cotati " was listed as a member of Convoy SC 80 , which departed Halifax on 17 April 1942 and arrived at Liverpool on 3 May . Although " Cotati " sailed with the convoy , she later returned to Halifax . Convoy SC 82 departed Halifax on 30 April 1942 and arrived at Liverpool on 16 May . " Cotati " was the second ship in the convoy to leave port . She was carrying a cargo of frozen meat . Convoy OS 35 sailed from Liverpool on 21 July 1942 and arrived at Freetown , Sierra Leone on 10 August . " Empire Avocet " was carrying chemicals , machinery and other general cargo destined for Montevideo , Uruguay . Sinking . On 9 September 1942 , " Empire Avocet " left Buenos Aires for Freetown . On 29 September she was torpedoed by " U - 125 " , commanded by Kapitänleutnant Ulrich Folkers , some south west of Freetown ( ) . " U - 125 " sank her with gunfire . Two crew were killed , two taken prisoner and the remaining 54 were rescued by , They were landed at Freetown . " Empire Avocet " was carrying a cargo of 3 , 724 tons of meat and 1 , 225 tons of general cargo . Those lost on " Empire Avocet " are commemorated at the Tower Hill Memorial , London . Official number and code letters . Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers . " Cotati " had the US Official Number 218780 and used the Code Letters LSMC and KJGQ " Empire Avocet " had the UK Official Number 168289 and used the Code Letters GQYD
Schweizer X - 26 Frigate The X - 26 Frigate is the longest - lived of the X - plane programs . The program included the X - 26A Frigate sailplane and the motorized X - 26B Quiet Thruster versions : QT - 2 , QT - 2PC , and QT - 2PCII . All were based on the Schweizer SGS 2 - 32 sailplane . Development . The X - 26A was used by the United States Navy ( USN ) to train test pilots in the condition of yaw / roll coupling . Since jet trainers were known to be dangerous in this condition , the X - 26 was based on the Schweizer SGS 2 - 32 sailplane . Sailplanes react much slower and are easier to control than jet aircraft , making the X - 26 a much safer training platform . Four aircraft were originally ordered . Three of the original planes crashed . The USN purchased a replacement for each of the crashed units . Operational history . Two Schweizer 2 - 32s [ ( 67 - 15345 and 67 - 15346 ) from the U . S . Naval Test Pilot School X - 26 Program ( USNTPS ) ] were modified to QT - 2 configuration ( QT for Quiet Thruster ) by the Lockheed Missiles & Space Co . ( LMSC ) and civil registered as N2471W and N2472W . In 1967 the aircraft were modified by adding a Continental O - 200 engine , V - Belt RPM reduction system , four - bladed fixed pitch wood ( Fahlin ) propeller , and airframe upgrades . After demonstrating quiet flight , the aircraft were again modified to military QT - 2PC configuration , known only as Tail Numbers " 1 " and " 2 " , with GFE avionics and camouflage for night operation . They were successfully evaluated in Southeast Asia ( Prize Crew OpEval ) for covert ( " stealth " ) tactical airborne observation in the spring of 1968 ( during Têt ) . The two QT - 2PCs were returned to USNTPS in 1969 and re - designated X - 26Bs . The # 1 QT - 2PC was re - designated " 67 - 5345 " and the # 2 aircraft was used for spare parts . The original X - 26 glider version was then designated X - 26A . LMSC continued the covert airborne surveillance program with one Q - Star ( House Test Aircraft ) and eleven pre - production YO - 3A s . Survivors . QT - 2PC N2472W is currently operated by Mile High Gliding in Boulder , Colorado and is used for aerobatic demonstrations . The remaining X - 26B aircraft were known to most of the original development team as QT - 2 N2471W and QT - 2PC # 1 ; the location of the remains of the aircraft are unknown . The other X - 26B aircraft ( known as QT - 2 N2472W and QT - 2PC # 2 ) has been retro - verted to SGS 2 - 32 Configuration and is being operated ( and known as “ 72 Whiskey ” ) at Mile High Glider in Boulder , Colorado . The Q - Star was the first aircraft to use a rotary combustion chamber ( Wankel ) engine . It is currently being returned to flight status . The YO - 3A s were tactically evaluated in Southeast Asia from mid 1969 to late 1971 . They were later used by the Louisiana Dept of Wildlife & Fisheries ( LDWF ) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) in law enforcement , and by NASA for scientific applications . YO - 3A 69 - 18007 is currently being returned to flight status . YO - 3A 69 - 18010 ( NASA 818 ) is down for an engine upgrade .
Al - ' Abbas ibn ' Amr al - Ghanawi Al - ' Abbas ibn ' Amr al - Ghanawi ( ) ( died 917 ) was a military commander and provincial governor for the Abbasid dynasty . He is known for his defeat and capture at the hands of the Qarmatians in 900 . Life . Al - ' Abbas was likely born in the Diyar Mudar district of al - Jazira . He embarked on a military career in the service of the Abbasids and is first recorded as one of the officers in charge of an expedition sent against unruly Arab tribes in Iraq . In the following year he was appointed by the caliph al - Mu ' tadid as governor of al - Bahrain and al - Yamamah and tasked with driving the Qarmatians led by Abu Sa ' id Jannabi out of the region . Since the Qarmatians had already successfully occupied much of al - Bahrain , including al - Qatif , al - ' Abbas assembled an army of regular soldiers , bedouin fighters and volunteers before departing from al - Basra for the province . Shortly after their departure , al - ' Abbas and his army met the Qarmatians and engaged them in battle . The first day of fighting ended in a standstill , but in the evening the bedouins and volunteers abandoned the campaign and returned to al - Basra . The following morning , the two armies resumed fighting , and al - ' Abbas ' s depleted forces were routed ; he and seven hundred of his men were compelled to surrender . The day after the battle , Abu Sa ' id ordered that the captured soldiers all be put to death ; al - ' Abbas alone was spared and was eventually released , with instructions to warn al - Mu ' tadid of the futility in opposing the Qarmatians . He returned to Iraq and was rewarded by al - Mu ' tadid for his efforts . Following his failed campaign , al - ' Abbas remained in military service , and in 902 he was in Fars serving under Badr al - Mu ' tadidi , the commander - in - chief of the army . When Badr fell out of favor with the new caliph al - Muktafi , al - ' Abbas was one of several commanders who complied with the caliph ' s order to abandon the general and return to Baghdad . He was subsequently made governor of Qom and Kashan in 908 - 9 , and he may have been a member of the campaign led by Mu ' nis al - Khadim to defend Egypt against the Fatimids in 914 - 5 . His last post was as governor of the Diyar Mudar , and he died there in 917 . He was succeeded as governor by Wasif ibn al - Buktamiri following his death .
INS Khukri ( P49 ) INS " Khukri " ( P49 ) is the lead vessel of her class of corvette s , currently in service with the Indian Navy . The ship is named after INS " Khukri " , the only Indian Navy ship ever lost in combat . The previous was sunk by a torpedo strike by PNS " Hangor " during the 1971 Indian Pakistan war . The ship ' s Captain Mahendra Nath Mulla who went down with the ship standing on the deck , was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra posthumously .
C15TA Armoured Truck The C15TA Armoured Truck was an armoured load carrier produced by Canada during the Second World War . It was developed from the Otter Light Reconnaissance Car . Development . The C15TA Armoured Truck was developed by General Motors Canada along a concept lines of the American M3 Scout Car . The vehicle used the chassis of the Chevrolet C15 Canadian Military Pattern truck design . Between 1943 and 1945 a total of 3 , 961 units were built in Oshawa , Ontario . Armoured hulls were supplied by the Hamilton Bridge Company . Service . The C15TA was used by the British and Canadian units in the Northwest Europe campaign as armoured personnel carrier and ambulance ( CT15AA ) . After the end of the hostilities , many vehicles were left in Europe and were subsequently employed by armies of the liberated European countries , including Belgium , Denmark ( as M6 " Mosegris " ) , the Netherlands ( which received at least 396 units ) , Norway . In addition about 150 were sold by Canada to Spain . Trucks left by the British forces in Vietnam were taken over by the French , which used them in Indochina and later transferred to South Vietnam . Many C15TAs were employed by the police forces of the Federation of Malaya . In 1955 Portugal received a number of vehicles , known as " Granadeiros " , that were later used in the African wars . Some vehicles remained in service until the 1960s .
Arthur William Gebaur Jr . Arthur William Gebaur Jr . ( February 22 , 1919 – Missing in Action and presumed dead in Korean War on August 29 , 1952 ) was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for action in the war . The Air Force named Grandview Air Force Base Richards - Gebaur Air Force Base in his honor . Gebaur was born in Kansas City , Missouri . He graduated from Northeast High School in 1936 . He was an active member of the ROTC reaching the rank of Cadet 2nd Lieutenant . He was called Arthur by his teachers , but Jr . by his friends .
Troy Industries Troy Industries is an American manufacturer of firearm s and firearm parts . It is the manufacturer of parts on the Smith & Wesson M & P rifle and is a United States government contractor . Troy is most known for its M14 rifle parts and its M7A1 carbine , which was reviewed by the United States armed forces when drafting requirements for a replacement of the M4 carbine .
Joseph R . Julian Platoon Sergeant Joseph Rudolph Julian ( April 3 , 1918 – March 9 , 1945 ) was a United States Marine who was posthumous ly awarded the United States ' highest military honor — the Medal of Honor — for his heroism and sacrifice of life in 1945 in the Battle of Iwo Jima during World War II . Biography . Joseph Rudolph Julian was born in Sturbridge , Massachusetts on April 3 , 1918 . He graduated from high school in Southbridge , Massachusetts , and in January 1942 , he enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve . Following basic training at Parris Island , South Carolina , he became a Drill Instructor , and , later , was assigned to the 5th Marine Division . He was killed in action on Iwo Jima on March 9 , 1945 , following a one - man assault on enemy - occupied trenches and fortified positions . The Medal of Honor was awarded him posthumously for heroism above and beyond the call of duty . The Medal and citation were presented to his parents by the Secretary of the Navy on November 15 , 1945 . Following the war , Sgt Julian ' s remains were reinterred at Long Island National Cemetery , Farmingdale , New York , at the request of his parents .
Mobile Tatical High Energy Laser Produced by the Americans and the Israelis together , MTHEL means Mobile Tactical High Energy Laser This is a super laser structured deuterium fluoride chemical is directed through a mirror system to the target , generates extremely high " " temperatures " . " Can be used as continuous or pulsed beam , which increases its destructive power . Initially designed to contain bombs and missiles from long range , it proved to be a versatile alternative that could be used for other purposes besides destroying air artillery . Since it is light and nothing else , the firing is instantaneous and can reach thousands of degrees in seconds , melting any enemy missile or rocket .
Douglas Campbell ( aviator ) Douglas Campbell ( June 7 , 1896 – December 16 , 1990 ) was an American aviator and World War I flying ace . He was the first American aviator flying in an American - trained air unit to achieve the status of ace . Early life . Campbell was born in San Francisco , California . He was the son of famed astronomer William W . Campbell , the head of the Lick Observatory and future president of the University of California . At the time the United States entered World War I in April 1917 , he was a student at Harvard University noted for his athletic prowess . Campbell and close friend Quentin Roosevelt , the son of former President Theodore Roosevelt , immediately dropped out of college and enlisted in the United States Army . He would receive an A . B . Harvard Class of 1917 Service career . Assigned to the Air Service , Campbell learned to fly in a Curtiss Jenny aircraft and was later trained in a Nieuport fighter . He was assigned to the famous Pursuit 94th Aero Squadron ( the " Hat in the ring " gang ) - at this stage flying Nieuport 28 fighters . He was noted for several firsts in his service . He flew the squadron ' s first patrol along with two other famous aviators , Eddie Rickenbacker and Raoul Lufbery . Due to supply problems , the trio flew their first mission in unarmed planes . His first kill came while flying in an aircraft armed with only one rather than the usual two machine gun s . He shared credit with Lt . Alan F . Winslow for the squadron ' s first confirmed victories , which were the first victories by fighter aircraft of an American - trained flying unit in the war . Campbell and Winslow each shot down and captured a pilot from Jasta 64w on April 14 , 1918 . He became the second Air Service ace and the first by an American - trained aviator when he downed his fifth enemy aircraft over Lironville , France on May 31 , 1918 . Campbell was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster for bravery in aerial combat over Flirey , France on May 19 , 1918 . He was also awarded the Croix de Guerre avec palme by the French military . He scored his sixth and final victory on June 5 , 1918 . During this last action , Campbell was wounded by an exploding artillery shell and was sent back to the United States to recover from severe shrapnel injuries to his back . During his recuperation , he made appearances at numerous war bond rallies . Campbell hoped to return to combat and was reassigned to his squadron in November 1918 . By then however the war was winding down and he saw no further frontline action before the Armistice of November 11 , 1918 . After the war , he took a job for W . R . Grace and Company . He became the Vice - President of Pan - American Airways in 1939 and was named the airline ' s general manager in 1948 . He died in Greenwich , Connecticut at the age of 94 . See also . Paul Frank Baer
Publius Canidius Crassus Publius Canidius Crassus ( died 30 BC ) was a Roman general and Mark Antony ' s lieutenant . He served under Lepidus in southern Gallia in 43 BC , and was henceforth allied with Antony . He became suffect consul in 40 BC and then served as a commander in Armenia whence he invaded , in 36 BC , Iberia ( Georgia ) , and forced its king Pharnabazus into alliance against Zober , king of Albania . Having subjugated the Iberians and Albanians , Crassus then joined Antony ' s campaign against Parthia . In the Battle of Actium in 31 BC , he commanded Antony ' s land forces against Octavian , having advised Antony before the battle that it would be more advantageous for their forces , together with those of Cleopatra , to fight on land , where they would have had the advantage over those of Octavian . After Antony ' s defeat and flight to Egypt , Crassus was accused of deserting his army . He went to Egypt , where he was executed on Octavian ' s order .
P - 40 APPLE mine The P - 40 mine is a Vietnamese anti - personnel fragmentation stake mine . The mines were produced using the spherical steel cases of U . S . BLU - 24 / B and BLU - 66 submunitions on top of which is a plastic adaptor to accept an MUV style tripwire fuze . The spherical steel case is grooved to aid fragmentation , with the grooves either being internal or external depending on the variant of submunition used as the basis of the mine . The mine is normally mounted on a small three pronged stake and has an effective radius of around 10 meters . The mine is found in Cambodia , and Vietnam .
Agent Green Agent Green is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U . S . military in its herbicidal warfare program during the Vietnam War . The name comes from the green stripe painted on the barrels to identify the contents . It was one of the so - called " Rainbow Herbicides " . Agent Green was only used between 1962 and 1964 , during the early " testing " stages of the spraying program . Agent Green was mixed with Agent Pink and used for crop destruction . A total of 20 , 000 gallons of Agent Green were procured . Agent Green ' s only active ingredient was 2 , 4 , 5 - trichlorophenoxyacetic acid ( 2 , 4 , 5 - T ) , one of the common phenoxy herbicide s of the era . Even prior to Operation Ranch Hand ( 1962 - 1971 ) it was known that a dioxin , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 - tetrachlorodibenzo - para - dioxin ( TCDD ) , is produced as a side product of the manufacture of 2 , 4 , 5 - T , and was thus present in any of the herbicides that used it . Because Agent Green ' s only active ingredient was 2 , 4 , 5 - T , along with the similar Agent Pink , and earlier - produced batches of 2 , 4 , 5 - T having higher TCDD - levels , it contained many times the average level of dioxin found in Agent Orange . During much of the fighting in the Vietnam War , chemical agents were used by the United States to defoliate the landscape . Although many different chemical agents were used , the most well known today is “ Agent Orange , ” one of the “ Rainbow Herbicides . ”
SS Altair ( T - AKR - 291 ) SS " Altair " ( T - AKR 291 ) is an " Algol " class vehicle cargo ship that is currently maintained by the United States Maritime Administration as part of the Ready Reserve Force ( RRF ) . She was built by Rheinstahl Nordseewerke in Emden , West Germany , for Sea - Land Service , Inc . and named SS " Sea - Land Finance " . Due to her high operating cost , she was sold to the United States Navy on 5 January 1982 as USNS " Altair " ( T - AK - 291 ) . Conversion . Conversion began on 28 July 1984 at Avondale Shipyards in New Orleans , Louisiana . Her cargo hold was redesigned into a series of decks connected by ramps so vehicles can be driven into and out of the cargo hold for fast loading and unloading . She was also fitted with two sets of two cranes ; one set located at midship capable of lifting 35 tons , and another set located aft capable of lifting 50 tons . She was delivered to the Military Sealift Command on 13 November 1985 as USNS " Altair " ( T - AKR 291 ) . Service . When not active , " Altair " is kept in reduced operating status due to her high operating cost . If needed , she can be activated and ready to sail in 96 hours . " Altair " took part in the Persian Gulf War in 1990 . Along with the other seven " Algol " class cargo ships , she transported 14 percent of all cargo delivered between the United States and Saudi Arabia during and after the war . On 1 October 2007 , " Altair " was transferred to the United States Maritime Administration . On 1 October 2008 , she was transferred to the Ready Reserve Force , losing her USNS designation . If activated , " Altair " will report to the Military Sealift Command .
Battle of Sörenberg The Battle of Sörenberg was fought in 1380 , between the Entlebuch ( at the time subject to the House of Habsburg ) and Obwalden ( a canton of the early Swiss Confederacy ) . It was the culmination of a conflict over the right to alpine pasture s ( " alps " ) . The immediate cause was a cattle raid at an alp now known as " Schlachtalp " , at the slope of the Brienzer Rothorn , above the village Sörenberg . According to legend , the invading people of Obwalden threw the local tenant into his cauldron of boiling rennet , killing him . They then collected the cattle and drove it away . The alp ' s landlord Peter of Thorberg is reported to have convinced the invaders to turn back . The tenant of the neighboring Blattalp , a man named " Ring - Rüeg " and nicknamed " Windtrüeb " , caught up with the invaders at Mörhalp , back in Obwalden territory beyond the Glaubenbühl Pass , who were drunk celebrating their successful raid . Wintrüeb entered the stable unnoticed and managed to steal back the cattle . The legend goes on to report a deception carried out by Windtrüeb involving cow bells , which for the 14th century is an anachronism . The Obwalden party pursued their lost booty in vain and vowed revenge . Several weeks later , they re - appeared in Entlebuch in arms . In the ensuing battle , the Entlebuch gained the upper hand , Windtrüeb killing the Obwalden banner bearer . In 1384 , Windtrüeb was assassinated by the Obwalden party at Steinibach , as he was on his way from Sörenberg to Schüpfheim . He has a monument dedicated to him at Flühli , and a memorial stone marks the site of his assassination . A plaque at the " Schlachtalp " commemorates the event in explanation of the alp ' s name " Schlacht " " battle " . In the aftermath of the battle , the Entlebuch sought an alliance with Lucerne , and became a subject territory of that city , and by extension part of the Swiss Confederacy , in 1385 . At the Battle of Sempach in 1386 , Obwalden and Entlebuch fought side by side . The memorial stone to Windtrüeb at Steinibach remained standing into the 17th century . In the Swiss peasant war of 1653 , as the peasants were uniting under Christian Schybi , the people of Flühli rallied at the stone for their battle prayer , vowing to build a chapel at the spot should they return victorious . They were defeated and killed without exception , and the stone has since been weathered away .
USS Rose Mary ( SP - 1216 ) USS " Rose Mary " ( SP - 1216 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Rose Mary " was built in 1969 as a private motorboat of the same name by the Great Lakes Boat Building Company at Milwaukee , Wisconsin . On 8 September 1905 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Robert E . Hackett of Milwaukee , for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Rose Mary " ( SP - 1216 ) . " Rose Mary " served on patrol duties on the Great Lakes through the end of World War I . The Navy returned her to Hackett on 15 November 1918 .