naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Siege of Odawara ( 1590 ) The third occurred in 1590 , and was the primary action in Toyotomi Hideyoshi ' s campaign to eliminate the Hōjō clan as a threat to his power . The months leading up to it saw hasty but major improvements in the defense of the castle , as Hideyoshi ' s intentions became clear . Thus , despite the overwhelming force brought to bear by Hideyoshi , the siege saw little actual fighting . The massive army of Toyotomi Hideyoshi surrounded the castle in what has been called " the most unconventional siege lines in samurai history . " The samurai were entertained by everything : from concubines , prostitutes and musicians to acrobats , fire - eaters , and jugglers . The defenders slept on the ramparts with their arquebuses and armor ; despite their smaller numbers , they discouraged Hideyoshi from attacking . So , for the most part , this siege consisted of traditional starvation tactics . Only a few small skirmishes erupted around the castle , as when a group of miners from Kai Province dug under the castle walls , allowing men under Ii Naomasa to enter . After three months , the Hōjō surrendered , facing overwhelming numbers and , presumably , an impending shortage of food and supplies . Tokugawa Ieyasu , one of Hideyoshi ' s top generals , was given the Hōjō lands . Though Hideyoshi could not have guessed it at the time , this would turn out to be a great stepping - stone towards Tokugawa ' s attempts at conquest and the office of Shogun . In addition to taking Odawara Castle , Hideyoshi also defeated the Hōjō at their outposts at Hachiōji , Yorii , and Shizuoka in and near the southwestern part of the Kantō region . The Chiba , allies of the Hōjō in Shimōsa , also saw fall to Honda Tadakatsu and Sakai Ietsugu of the Tokugawa army during the campaign . Chiba Shigetane , daimyo of the Chiba , surrendered the castle to the besieging forces on the condition that his clan would not be abolished . While the Chiba were consequently divested of all of their holdings , many of their senior members were taken into service by Tokugawa retainer Ii Naomasa , thanks to aid he had received many years earlier from the clan during the occupation of Takeda Katsuyori ' s Tsutsujigasaki castle . In popular culture . The Siege of Odawara is the climax of Hideyoshi ' s story in the video game " Samurai Warriors 2 " . Due to the sheer size of Odawara Castle in the game , it is divided in two stages , the eastern side sieged by the Tokugawa , Chōsokabe ( in Xtreme Legends only ) , Shimazu , and Date armies , and the western side sieged by the Toyotomi main army .
Qasr al - Hayr al - Gharbi Qasr al - Hayr al - Gharbi castle ( ) , located 80 km south - west of Palmyra on the Damascus road , is a twin palace with Qasr al - Hayr al - Sharqi , built by the Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al - Malik in 727 CE . The architectural view was a Byzantine one . It was used as an eye of the king during the Umayyad era , to control the movement of the desert tribes and to be a barrier against them , as well as being a hunting chalet . Later it was utilized by the Ayyubids and the Mamelukes but was abandoned permanently after the Mongol invasions . The castle is quadrangular in outline with 70 - meter sides . The central doorway to the castle is very attractive , and has been moved to the National Museum of Damascus to be used as the entrance . Its semi - cylindrical towers on the sides of the doorway , columns , and the geometric shapes mirrored a blend of Persian , Byzantine and Arab architecture . Not much remained from the castle . Only visible is a reservoir to collect waters from Harbaka dam , a bath and a khan . The gateway is presently preserved as a façade in the National Museum of Damascus .
5th Ersatz Division ( German Empire ) The 5th Ersatz Division ( " 5 . Ersatz - Division " ) was a unit of the German Army , in World War I . The division was formed in June 1915 as a temporary division known as the Division Basedow , named after its commander , Heino von Basedow . It was formed from two previously independent Brigades : 37th Mixed Landwehr and 2nd Reserve Ersatz . The division was converted into the 5th Ersatz Division in June 1916 . The 5th Ersatz Division was disbanded in 1919 , during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . Combat chronicle . The division initially occupied defensive positions in the Yser region . In October 1916 , it entered the Battle of the Somme . Thereafter , it occupied positions in the Champagne region until December 1916 , when it was transferred to the Eastern Front . It fought in Lithuania until the armistice on the Eastern Front , and then participated in police actions in Estonia and Latvia until February 1919 . Allied intelligence rated the division as fourth class , with only moderate fighting value . Order of battle on June 3 , 1915 . The order of battle of the Division Basedow on June 3 , 1915 was as follows : Order of battle on November 15 , 1916 . The order of battle of the 5th Ersatz Division on November 15 , 1916 was as follows : Order of battle on January 1 , 1918 . The 5th Ersatz Division ' s order of battle on January 1 , 1918 was as follows :
Acting Pilot Officer Acting Pilot Officer ( APO ) is the lowest commissioned grade in the Royal Air Force , being immediately junior to Pilot Officer . Unlike other RAF ranks which officers may hold in an acting capacity , Acting Pilot Officer is maintained as a separate grade . It normally denotes an officer who has recently been commissioned and joined as a non - graduate direct entrant . Acting Pilot Officer is not an actual rank , and APOs are later regraded to Pilot Officer , not promoted . Although Acting Pilot Officer has a NATO ranking code of OF - 1 , neither the British Army , Royal Marines nor Royal Navy has an exactly equivalent rank . As Acting Pilot Officers are junior to Second Lieutenant s in the British Army or the Royal Marines and to Royal Navy Sub - Lieutenant s , the rank is the most junior commissioned rank in the British Armed Forces . Senior cadets on a University Air Squadron may become Acting Pilot Officers . The rank insignia is identical to that of a Pilot Officer , consisting of a thin blue band on slightly wider black band . This is worn on both the lower sleeves of the tunic or on the shoulders of the flying suit or the casual uniform .
John Somers - Smith John Robert Somers - Smith ( 15 December 1887 – 1 July 1916 ) was a British rower who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics . He was killed in action during the First World War . Somers - Smith was born at Walton - on - Thames , Surrey , the son of Robert Vernon Somers - Smith and his wife Gertrude . His father ran for Oxford against Cambridge in 1868 and 1869 and was twice the AAA half - mile champion . Somers - Smith was educated at Eton College and Magdalen College , Oxford , where he rowed for his college . Although he did not row for Oxford , his brother , Richard Somers - Smith rowed for Oxford in the Boat Race in 1904 and 1905 . The Magdalen College Coxless four won the Stewards ' Challenge Cup and the Visitors ' Challenge Cup at Henley Royal Regatta in 1907 and 1908 . The Magdalen crew was chosen to represent Great Britain rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics , and Somers - Smith was strokeman in the four with Collier Cudmore , Angus Gillan and Duncan Mackinnon . The crew won the gold medal for Great Britain and defeated a Leander crew . Somers - Smith became a member of Leander Club and was a member of the Leander crew that won the Grand Challenge Cup at Henley in 1910 and 1911 . He subsequently became a lawyer by profession . Somers - Smith served with the London Rifle Brigade of the British Army during the First World War , and was awarded the Military Cross for gallantry in action as a captain in 1915 at the 2nd Battle of Ypres . He fell in action at the opening of the Battle of the Somme offensive on 1 July 1916 during the assault by the 56th ( London ) Division at Gommecourt . His body was not recovered and his name is recorded on the Thiepval Memorial nearby .
Friedrich Huffzky Feldwebel Friedrich Huffzky was a German flying ace during World War I . He was the pilot of the most successful two - seater German fighter crew of the war , scoring nine confirmed aerial victories . Friedrich Huffzky is known to have been assigned to Schlachtstaffel 15 of the " Luftstreitkräfte " in early 1918 as a Vizefeldwebel . He piloted a Halberstadt CL . II escort fighter . Teamed with Gottfried Ehmann , an experienced gunner who already had three victories verified , Huffzky began his victory streak on 4 June 1918 . By 29 July 1918 , he had run his string to nine confirmed victories ; in the process , Ehmann was credited with a total of 12 wins and became the most successful German gunner of the war . Huffzky was awarded both classes of the Iron Cross for his efforts , as well as a promotion to Feldwebel .
Al - Muhallab ibn Abi Suffrah Al Muhallab bin Abi Suffrah , ( أبو سعيد , المهلّب بن أبي صفرة الأزدي ) , also known as Abu Said ( born c . 632 , Oman / UAE — died February 702 , Khorasan ) , was an Azd i Arab warrior and general , originally from Dibba on present day Oman - UAE border . He was an important participant in the political developments of his time and the object of many poets praise . He is also regarded the progenitor of the Bu Said tribe of Oman . Career . Al - Muhallab first served under the caliph Muʿāwiyah , campaigning in South Asia and raiding the country between Kābul and Multān . Later he was stationed in the eastern provinces , leading expeditions against the Central Asian city of Samarkand for the governors of Khorasan , in the north - east of modern Iran . Soon after the death of Muʿāwiyah in 680 , the Islamic community was convulsed by civil wars . During this time al - Muhallab deserted the Umayyads and sided with the anti - caliph ʿAbd Allāh ibn al - Zubayr who entrusted him with suppressing the Kharijite rebellions in Iraq by the Azariqa , Basra subsequently became known as Basra al - Muhallab . In 698 , he was made governor of Khorasan by Al - Hajjaj until his death when he was succeeded by his son Yazid ibn al - Muhallab . The rise of the Muhallabids and the " Omani Azd " in Khorasan and Basra is linked to their alliance with the Rabi ' ah against the Mudar . He fought in the battle of Qadissiyah against the Persians with the great Muslim leader Othman Bin Abi Al Aas . .
FM57 rifle The FM1957 is a Swedish prototype battle rifle based on the Ljungman Ag m / 42 semi - automatic rifle . Along with the FN FAL , M14 , Rk 60 and GRAM 63 , it was in competition to replace the bolt action Mausers and the Ag m / 42 rifles in Swedish service during the early 1960s but lost over the Heckler & Koch G3 ( license built as the Ak 4 in Sweden ) . The FM57 therefore never entered serial production . The rifle was built in two calibers : the 6 . 5x55 mm ( standard in the Swedish Armed Forces at the time ) and the 7 . 62x51mm NATO ( which later replaced the 6 . 5 mm cartridge in Swedish service ) .
USNS Shearwater ( T - AG - 177 ) USNS " Shearwater " ( T - AG - 177 ) was a " Shearwater " - class miscellaneous auxiliary built during the final months of World War II for the US Army as " FS - 411 " ( Design 381 coastal freighter ) . " FS - 411 " was Coast Guard manned operating in the Central and Western Pacific , including Hawaii , Saipan , TInian , Guam , during the closing days of the war . She was placed into service by the U . S . Navy from 1964 to 1969 as USNS " Shearwater " ( T - AG - 177 ) . After this service , she was transferred back to the U . S . Army . Operational history as T - AG - 177 . " Shearwater " began her naval service as a " survey support ship " with the Military Sea Transportation Service in May 1964 . Operated by a Civil Service crew , she operated in the Atlantic Ocean until mid - February 1969 , when she was transferred back to the U . S . Army .
Peninsula Campaign Confederate Order of Battle The following Confederate Army units and commanders were the initial structure on April 30 , 1862 of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the Peninsula Campaign of the American Civil War . It contains units throughout Virginia that had an impact on the campaign . The Union order of battle is listed separately . Army of Northern Virginia . The following organization of the Army of Northern Virginia on the Peninsula was established on April 30 . Prior to this organization , Confederate forces were organized ad hoc , as they arrived in theater . The divisions were grouped by their place in the Warwick Line . Gen Joseph E . Johnston , Commanding < br > Maj Thomas G . Rhett , Adjutant and Chief of Staff " Staff : " Right of Position ( Army of the Peninsula ) . Even after its absorption into the Army of Northern Virginia , Magruder continued to style his command the " Army of the Peninsula . " It was assigned responsibility for the section of the line from the James River to Dam No . 1 . MG John B . Magruder , Commanding < br > Cpt Henry Bryan , Adjutant Center of Position . The center was the area between Dam No . 1 and Redoubts 4 and 5 outside Yorktown MG James Longstreet , Commanding < br > Cpt Moxley Sorrel , Adjutant Left of Position . The responsibility of the left was at Yorktown , extending to Redoubts 4 and 5 . Rains ' Brigade was stationed within Yorktown itself , giving him direct command over the defensive batteries present there . MG Daniel Harvey Hill , Commanding < br > Cpt James W . Ratchford , Adjutant Reserve . The reserve consisted of troops from the District of Aquia , which Smith had assumed command of from Theophilus Holmes on March 23 . Smith left a single brigade under Charles W . Field in the District and brought the rest to the Peninsula . MG Gustavus W . Smith , Commanding < br > Cpt John W . Riely , Adjutant Other Troops in the Department of Northern Virginia . These troops helped shape the theater for the Peninsula Campaign . Huger ' s Division ( Department of Norfolk ) . The bulk of troops from the Department of Norfolk were formally folded into the Department of Northern Virginia at the beginning of April , but Huger continued to refer to his command by its former name . BG Benjamin Huger , Commanding Aquia District . < br > MG Gustavus W . Smith , Commanding < br > Troops Around Gordonsville . Johnston had detached Ewell to maintain communication with Jackson . Ewell nominally reported to D . H . Hill , but was actually operating semi - independently . On May 17 , Johnston would transfer the division to the Valley District under Jackson . MG Richard S . Ewell District of the Valley . < br > MG Stonewall Jackson , Commanding < br > Maj Robert L . Dabney , Adjutant " Staff : " References . < br >
USS Albacore ( SP - 751 ) The first USS " Albacore " ( SP - 751 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Albacore " was built as a civilian motorboat of the same name in 1900 by Howard Brothers at San Diego , California . The U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , Bryant H . Howard of San Diego , in 1917 for World War I service as a patrol vessel . Ordered to be delivered to the Navy on 21 June 1917 , she was commissioned soon thereafter as USS " Albacore " ( SP - 751 ) . Assigned to the 12th Naval District , " Albacore " operated on section patrol duty off California for the rest of World War I . She is known to have alternated between patrol and guard ship duty at San Diego with the patrol boat throughout the summer of 1917 . She also is known to have alternated between guard and patrol duty at San Diego ca . December 1917 , rotating with " Nomad " and the patrol boats , , and occasionally . The Navy returned " Albacore " to her owner on 19 March 1919 .
John D . Magrath John David Magrath ( July 4 , 1924 - April 14 , 1945 ) was a soldier in the U . S . Army who posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his heroic actions and sacrifice of life during World War II for actions occurring in Italy on April 14 , 1945 . He served in the 10th Mountain Division . The Shea - Magrath Sports Complex at Norwalk High School in Connecticut is named for him . In June 1995 , Fort Drum , New York renamed its Soldiers Sports Complex the John D . Magrath Gymnasium . A plaque and portrait at Magrath Gym honor his memory . Magrath was born in the East Norwalk section of Norwalk , Connecticut on July 4 , 1924 . He enlisted in the Army from East Norwalk in March 1943 . He was killed in action in Italy at age 20 . PFC John D . Magrath is the first Medal of Honor recipient of the 10th Mountain Division . Medal of Honor citation . Private First Class Magrath ' s official Medal of Honor citation , awarded July 17 , 1946 , reads : He displayed conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty when his company was pinned down by heavy artillery , mortar , and small arms fire , near Castel d ' Aiano , Italy . Volunteering to act as a scout , armed with only a rifle , he charged headlong into withering fire , killing 2 Germans and wounding 3 in order to capture a machinegun . Carrying this enemy weapon across an open field through heavy fire , he neutralized 2 more machinegun nests ; he then circled behind 4 other Germans , killing them with a burst as they were firing on his company . Spotting another dangerous enemy position to this right , he knelt with the machinegun in his arms and exchanged fire with the Germans until he had killed 2 and wounded 3 . The enemy now poured increased mortar and artillery fire on the company ' s newly won position . Pfc . Magrath fearlessly volunteered again to brave the shelling in order to collect a report of casualties . Heroically carrying out this task , he made the supreme sacrifice - - a climax to the valor and courage that are in keeping with highest traditions of the military service .
Hilary P . Jones Hilary Pollard Jones , Jr . ( 14 November 1863 – 1 January 1938 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the Spanish - American War and World War I . During the early 1920s , he served as Commander in Chief , United States Fleet . Early life and career . Born in Hanover County , Virginia , Jones graduated from the Naval Academy in 1884 . He was the son of Hilary Pollard Jones , who commanded an artillery battalion in the Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War . As a young Ensign , Jones was commended for his bravery and skill in helping to save " Nipsic " from sinking during the great Samoan hurricane of 1889 . During the Spanish - American War Jones served in " Dorothea " on patrol duty off Cuba . In the next years he sailed in various ships of the fleet , rising to command the battleship " Rhode Island " in 1912 . In 1913 he commanded the Washington Navy Yard . World War I and post - war years . During World War I he commanded patrol units and later a division of the Transport Force . He received the Distinguished Service Medal for his outstanding service . Following the war Admiral Jones had important commands at sea , culminating in 1922 in the post of Commander in Chief , United States Fleet . In 1923 he left this duty to join the General Board . Retirement . Admiral Jones retired in 1927 but served as naval advisor at the Geneva Disarmament Conference and the London Naval Conference of 1930 . He was a prominent member of the Virginia Society of the Society of the Cincinnati and served as its president from 1924 to 1926 . Admiral Jones died on January 1 , 1938 . Namesake . The destroyer USS " Hilary P . Jones " was named for him .
DeWitt Coffman DeWitt C . Coffman ( 28 November 1854 – 27 June 1932 ) was a United States Navy admiral . He served in the Spanish – American War and World War I . Life and career . Coffman was born at Mount Jackson , Virginia , 28 November 1854 . He graduated from the U . S . Naval Academy in 1876 . Coffman served in monitor during the Spanish - American War , and received the Distinguished Service Medal as Commander , Battleship Force 2 , Atlantic Fleet , during World War I . He retired as Rear Admiral on 28 November 1918 , and was advanced to Vice Admiral on the retired list on 21 June 1930 . He died at Jamestown , Rhode Island , on 27 June 1932 . Namesakes . U . S . Navy Lieutenant Commander A . S . Snow named Coffman Cove in Alaska after Coffman in 1886 . The U . S . Navy destroyer escort , launched in 1943 , was named in Coffmans honor .
Curtiss CT The Curtiss CT - 1 model 24 , a twin engine torpedo bomber mounted on floats , was first flown in 1921 . Development . The US Navy was looking for a new torpedo bomber following a demonstration of sinking a battleship with an aircraft . A specification was announced requiring a twin floatplane that could be sled launched and crane recovered at sea . The aircraft had a maximum span of which could be broken down into sections for shipboard storage . Prototypes of the Curtiss CT - 1 , Stout ST - 1 , Fokker FT - 1 and Blackburn Swift F were evaluated at the Annacostia Naval Yard . Curtiss won an initial contract to build nine torpedo bombers on June 30 , 1920 , but the order was canceled and only one acceptance prototype was built . The aircraft was constructed in Rockaway , New York . Design . The aircraft had twin booms , twin tail s , twin floats and a single cockpit . A turret was placed high above and behind the pilot to have a full 360 degree firing arc . The thick airfoil wings were cantilevered without struts or wires using three spars . The fuselage was made of traditional welded tube frame with the - then new technology of an aluminum skin . The rest of the aircraft was of welded tube with a fabric covering . The engine nacelles were deeply recessed into the wings . Two under - wing Lamblin radiators provided cooling . Engine stands were located for mechanics to work on the aircraft . Single - engine operation resulted in a height loss of 100 ft per minute . Operational history . The first water taxi tests were performed by Bert Acosta on 2 May 1921 at NAS Rockaway , resulting in larger rudders added for stability . The sheet metal formed motor mounts and tail structure required reinforcement . The engines overheated , and could önly fly for 20 minutes at a time . The aircraft was demonstrated to the US Navy at the Annacostia Naval Yard and at the war college at Fort McNair , Washington , D . C . The aircraft was given the serial number A - 5890 , and the Navy designation CT - 1 , for " Curtiss " " Torpedo bomber ( number one ) " - " variant one " .
Fritz Neumüller Fritz Neumüller ( 14 March 1916 – 17 August 1944 ) was a highly decorated Leutnant in the Luftwaffe during World War II , and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Fritz Neumüller was killed on 17 August 1944 over Baranow , Russia . During his career he was credited with flying 700 missions .