naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Frederick Adam General Sir Frederick Adam GCB GCMG ( 1781 – 1853 ) was a Scottish major - general at the Battle of Waterloo , in command of the 3rd ( Light ) Brigade . He was the fourth son of William Adam of Blair Adam and his wife Eleanora , the daughter of Charles Elphinstone , 10th Lord Elphinstone . Military career . At the age of fourteen in 1795 , Frederick Adam entered the British Army . He trained at the artillery school at the Royal Arsenal , Woolwich . In the same year he was commissioned as a first lieutenant and in 1796 he was promoted to second lieutenant . He took part in the campaigns in the Netherlands and Egypt under Sir Ralph Abercromby , he was promoted to the rank of major in 1803 and a lieutenant colonel in 1804 . From 1806 to 1811 he was stationed on Sicily . Between 1812 and 1813 he was in Spain fighting in the Peninsular War , where he was severely wounded at Alicante . On 12 April 1813 , while commanding the Light Brigade in John Murray ' s expeditionary force , Adam led a brilliant rearguard action against the corps of Marshal Louis Gabriel Suchet at Biar . The following day , his 2 / 27th Foot battalion inflicted 350 casualties on Suchet ' s 121st Line Regiment during the Battle of Castalla . He was wounded again in an action at Ordal on 13 September 1813 . Waterloo . On 18 June 1815 , Adam commanded the 3rd British Brigade in Henry Clinton ' s 2nd Division at the Battle of Waterloo . At the crisis of the battle , Adam ' s 1 / 52nd ( Light ) Foot performed a left - wheel to enfilade the flank of the French Imperial Guard ' s main attack while the British Guards engaged the head of the column . Under fire from two directions , the French Guardsmen put up a brief resistance then fled . After their unsuccessful attack on the British centre , the Guard rallied to their reserves of three ( some sources say four ) regiments , just south of La Haye Sainte for a last stand against the British . But a charge from Adam ' s Brigade threw them into a state of confusion and those which were left retreated towards La Belle Alliance . It was during this stand that Colonel Hugh Halkett took the surrender of General Cambronne . The French Imperial Guard made a last stand in squares on either side of the La Belle Alliance . General Adam ' s Brigade charged the square which was formed on rising ground to the ( British ) right of La Belle Alliance and again threw them into a state of confusion . The other square was attacked by the Prussians . The French retreated away from the battle field towards France . The French artillery , and everything else belonging to them , fell into the hands of the British and Prussians . Later life . From 1817 to 1824 , Adam continued his career in the army . Between 1824 and 1832 he was a popular Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands . His commissioning of the construction of public buildings on Corfu were much appreciated by the local population . From 25 October 1832 to 4 March 1837 he was Governor of Madras and in 1846 he was promoted to general . Incomplete list of military commands :
Battle of Podu Iloaiei The Battle of Podu Iloaiei was part of the First Jassy – Kishinev Offensive of World War II fought between the Germans and the Soviets . The battle was a reaction to the Soviet defeat at the First Battle of Târgu Frumos . It consisted mainly of a tank battle near Scobalteni where the First Romanian " Panzerdivision " held off the Soviet tanks for a single day . At the end of the battle , the Germans managed to drive the Soviets back to the positions they held before the battle . Aftermath . The region was still in axis hands . Several months later , it was captured by the Red Army in the Jassy – Kishinev Offensive , from 21 – 23 August 1944 . Notes . Explanatory notes Footnotes
Italian submarine Archimede Archimede was a built for and operated by Italy ' s " Regia Marina " during World War II . She was launched in 1939 as the second " Archimede " to replace the name ship of the s secretly transferred to the Nationalists in 1937 during the Spanish Civil War . When Italy declared war in June 1940 , " Archimede " was one of eight submarines assigned to the Red Sea Flotilla at the Italian naval base of Massawa , in Italian East Africa . The first war patrol on 19 June was terminated at Assab on 26 June after problems with the air conditioning system intended to reduce temperatures in the warm water of the Red Sea . Leakage of chloromethane refrigerants caused central nervous system poisoning in the recirculating air during submerged operations . Four crewmen died on 23 June . A replacement commanding officer left Assab on 3 July to return " Archimede " to Massawa . Repairs kept " Archimede " in port until September . As British forces captured Italian East Africa , " Archimede " left Massawa on 3 March 1941 to sail 12 , 700 miles around Africa to France on its seventh war patrol . " Arhimede " arrived in Bordeaux on 7 May 1941 after refueling from the German tanker " Nordmark " en route . After two unsuccessful BETASOM war patrols , " Archimede " sank its first ship off Brazil on the tenth war patrol . " Archimede " again sank a single ship on its eleventh war patrol . On the twelfth war patrol , " Archimede " was sunk off Brazil by United States Navy VP - 83 Consolidated PBY Catalina s on 15 April 1943 . A single survivor was rescued after spending 29 days in a life raft .
Richard Garrett ( author ) Richard Garrett ( 15 January 1920 – 29 July 2008 ) is an English author and an ex - prisoner of war . Richard Garrett joined up in 1939 and was made a second lieutenant in the Notts and Derby Regiment ( the Sherwood Foresters ) at the outbreak of war . In 1940 he formed part of the ill - fated Allied campaign in Norway . After an abortive action near Lillehammer , in which unprepared British troops underwent a determined aerial attack by the Germans , he found himself , with fifteen other men , separated from the main British force . It was decided to make for the North Sea coast , a 300 - mile trek across the highest mountain range in Scandinavia . Travelling only at night the men reached the Sognefjord on Whit Sunday 1940 . Since the Germans were already there , it was decided to continue to Eikfjord where a fishing boat was acquired on the strength of a £100 iou ( which was honoured at the end of the war ) . From there they crossed the North Sea back to the Shetland Islands . During his time stationed back in Britain he suffered a fall from a horse leaving him with severe concussion , but was finally passed as fit for service and took part in Operation Torch , the invasion of Tunisia . On 28 February 1943 , whilst attempting to help one of his men who had been wounded , he was taken prisoner . Initially handed over to the Italians , he was held prisoner in Capua , Italy and near Modena . With the fall of Mussolini , prisoners of war were transported to Germany and Garrett spent most of the remainder of the war in Oflag Va , Weinsberg ( see List of prisoner - of - war camps in Germany ) near Stuttgart . In late spring 1945 the prisoners were moved to Moosburg , near Munich , where they were Liberated by American troops . His return to England was featured in the documentary " The Day the War Ended " on BBC television . His postwar career included founding and running a company producing house magazines for large corporations and an involvement in the British motor racing scene of the sixties and seventies . He has written forty - five books . He died on 29 July 2008 .
Cyrus K . Bettis Lieutenant Cyrus K . Bettis ( January 2 , 1893 – September 1 , 1926 ) was an American army aviator who won several races and set the then airspeed record for a closed - circuit race in 1925 . He died after he crashed his aircraft less than a year later . Biography . Bettis was born on January 2 , 1893 in Carsonville , Michigan to John C . Bettis and Martha Crorey . His grandfather , David Crorey was an Irish immigrant who founded the " Exchange State Bank " in Carsonville , Michigan . Cyrus was brought up on a farm , and after high school he worked for a telephone company . He joined the army in 1918 . He was the winner of the 1924 Mitchell Trophy Race and the 1925 Mackay Trophy . He was also a winner of the Pulitzer Trophy in October 1925 , flying a Curtiss R3C - 1 racer . In winning the trophy , he set a new airspeed record of 248 . 99 mph for a closed - circuit race . The record was broken shortly after by Lieutenant Jimmy Doolittle . On August 23 , 1926 , he was leading a formation of three army planes leaving the Sesquicentennial Exposition in Philadelphia heading toward Selfridge Field in Michigan when in heavy fog he hit a tree and crashed on Jacks Mountain near Bellefonte , Pennsylvania . He was seriously injured , including two broken legs , and after waiting in vain for rescue he crawled two - and - a - half miles to a road where he was found by highway workers . He was admitted to Bellefonte Hospital and then airlifted to Walter Reed Hospital in Washington where he was expected to recover , but he died on September 1 , 1926 of spinal meningitis . Legacy . Bettis Field in Pittsburgh was named in his honor . When Westinghouse bought the site in the 1948 and closed the airfield , they named their Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory after him .
Royal East African Navy Royal East African Navy was a naval force of the former British colonies of Kenya , Tanganyika ( Tanzania ) , Uganda and Zanzibar . Formed in 1952 to replace Royal Navy ' s Naval Volunteer Reserves in Zanzibar ( est . 1938 ) and Tanganyika ( 1939 ) and was disbanded in 1962 with the independence of Tanganyika from Britain . The assets of the REAN was handed over to the East African Railways and Harbours Corporation . The HQ for the REAN was in Mombasa , Kenya and headed by a resident officer from the Royal Navy . RN ships were re - assigned to the REAN and identified as His / Her Majesty ' s East African Ship ( HMEAS ) . Initially it was a 200 - member force .
Finska artilleriregementet Finska artilleriregementet ( Finnish Artillery Regiment ) was a Swedish Army artillery regiment that traced its origins back to the 17th century . It was disbanded in 1811 . The regiment ' s soldiers were recruited from Finland , and it was also garrisoned there . History . The regiment has its origins in Artilleriregementet raised in 1636 . That regiment was split into four new regiments in 1794 of which Finska artilleriregementet was one . It was mainly garrisoned in Helsinki . Part of the regiment was transferred to Sweden and was garrisoned in Gävle as F d finska artilleriregementet after the Finnish War in 1809 . The regiment was then disbanded two years later in 1811 when two companies were incorporated into Svea artilleriregemente and three companies were incorporated into Wendes artilleriregemente . The present - day Artillery Brigade of the Finnish Defence Forces considers itself a successor unit of the " Finska artilleriregementet " .
George Mills ( RAF officer ) Air Chief Marshal Sir George Holroyd Mills , GCB , DFC , RAF ( 26 March 1902 – 14 April 1971 ) was a senior Royal Air Force commander . After his retirement from the RAF , Mills served as Black Rod in the Houses of Parliament until 1970 . He was also a trustee of the Imperial War Museum . RAF career . Mills joined the RAF College at Cranwell as a cadet in 1920 and became one of the earliest graduates of the newly formed College . After graduating he spent a short time at the RAF Depot . Mills was then posted to Mesopotamia flying DH 9As with No . 8 Squadron . He transferred to No . 100 Squadron in 1927 flying Hawker Horsley aircraft . He attended the RAF Staff College in 1935 . He served in the Second World War taking up command of No . 115 Squadron in late 1939 and then joining the Air Staff at Headquarters Bomber Command before becoming Station Commander at RAF Watton . He was appointed Director of Policy ( General ) at the Air Ministry in September 1943 and Air Officer Commanding Balkan Air Force in February 1945 . After the War he was appointed Director of Plans at the Air Ministry in 1946 , Air Officer Commanding No . 1 Group in 1949 and Air Officer Commanding Air Headquarters Malaya in 1952 . He went on to be Air Officer Commander - in - Chief Bomber Command in April 1953 , Commander Allied Air Forces Central Europe in January 1956 and Chairman of the British Joint Services Mission to Washington D . C . and UK Representative on the NATO Standing Group in July 1959 . He retired from the Royal Air Force on 18 September 1962 . In retirement he served as Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod in the Houses of Parliament . His sons are Derek Mills ( RAF officer and Spitfire pilot ) Nigel Mills ( RAF officer ) and daughter Virginie Mills .
18th Independent Battery Indiana Light Artillery The 18th Independent Battery Indiana Light Artillery also known as Lilly ' s Hoosier Battery and Lilly ' s battery , was a civil war regiment formed in Indiana during the American Civil War . The regiment was formed at the end of 1860 by 22 - year - old Eli Lilly , an Indianapolis pharmacist . He had recruitment posters placed around the city and recruited primarily among his friends and classmates . The unit contained six ten - pound Parrott rifled guns , and was manned by 150 men . The unit mustered in Indianapolis where it was drilled during 1861 . Lilly was elected captain of the unit in August 1862 when the unit was deployed to join the Lightning Brigade commanded by Col . John T . Wilder . The unit first saw action in the Battle of Hoover ' s Gap , and was later in the Second Battle of Chattanooga and the Battle of Chickamauga . The unit was enlisted for three years , and most members left the unit in the end of 1863 . Several members , including Lilly reenlisted when their term expired , but were assigned to new units .
2nd Rhode Island Regiment The 2nd Rhode Island Regiment also known as Hitchcock ' s Regiment was authorized on 6 May 1775 under Colonel Daniel Hitchcock in the Rhode Island Army of Observation and was organized on 8 May 1775 as eight companies of volunteers from Providence County of the colony of Rhode Island . As part of a brigade organized under Nathanael Greene , the unit participated in the Siege of Boston during the remainder of 1775 . Some elements accompanied Benedict Arnold ' s expedition to Quebec late in the year . The unit was renamed the 11th Continental Regiment on the first day 1776 . In its new designation , the regiment fought in the New York and New Jersey campaign starting in August 1776 . After retreating across New Jersey , the unit was renamed the 2nd Rhode Island Regiment and fought at Assunpink Creek and Princeton in early January . Hitchcock died soon after and the 2nd Regiment was ordered away to defend the Hudson River valley . In September 1777 the regiment , now under Colonel Israel Angell , was recalled to the main army for the Philadelphia Campaign . With the 1st Rhode Island , it won a victory at Red Bank in October 1777 . Portions of the unit defended Fort Mifflin where the 2nd Regiment ' s Major Simeon Thayer assumed command of the fort near the end of the siege . In 1778 the regiment fought at the battles of Monmouth and Rhode Island . In June of the following year it was in the thick of action at Springfield in New Jersey . On 1 January 1781 , the regiment was consolidated with the 1st Regiment and the new unit was renamed the Rhode Island Regiment . For the unit ' s subsequent history , see the 1st Rhode Island Regiment . History . The regiment was adopted into the Continental Army on 14 June 1775 . The regiment was re - organized to ten companies on 28 June 1775 and assigned to Greene ' s Brigade on 22 July 1775 . The regiment was re - organized as the 11th Continental Regiment on 1 January 1776 . The regiment would see action at Roxbury , Massachusetts during the Battle of Bunker Hill . The regiment was re - organized as the 2nd Rhode Island Regiment after the death of Colonel Daniel Hitchcock on 13 January 1777 . In late 1777 it fought at the Battle of Red Bank and Major Simeon Thayer of the 2nd led the defenders during the latter part of the Siege of Fort Mifflin . The 2nd Rhode Island Regiment served to February 1781 , having distinguished itself at the Battles of Monmouth , Rhode Island , and Springfield with several other skirmishes and minor engagements . In February 1781 , the 2nd Rhode Island Regiment was combined with the remnants of the 1st Rhode Island Regiment to form the Rhode Island Regiment ( 1781 – 1783 ) .
Robert Powell Page Wainwright Robert Powell Page Wainwright ( May 18 , 1852 - November 19 , 1902 ) was a U . S . Army officer and West Point graduate , class of 1875 , who served in the cavalry for most of his military career . He began his career as a second lieutenant in the US 1st Cavalry in 1875 . Captain Wainwright contributed the chapter , " The First Regiment of Cavalry " , to " The Army of the United States : Historical Sketches of Staff and Line with Portraits of Generals - in - Chief " published in 1896 . During the next two decades he served throughout the frontier at several posts leading his troops through skirmishes and scouting patrols . Later he commanded a cavalry squadron at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba during the Spanish - American War . He died in 1902 while on active duty stationed in the Philippines . He was married to Josephine Serrell and had three children , Helen Serrell Wainwright , Jennie Pound Serrell Wainwright and Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV . Robert Wainwright was part of a family with strong military tradition . His wife ' s father was General Edward W . Serrell . Wainwright ' s son , Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV , was the commander of American and Filipino forces during the Battle of the Philippines ( 1941 - 42 ) . Fort Wainwright , Alaska is named in his honor . Robert Wainwright ' s father was Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright II , a United States Navy officer who was killed during the American Civil War . Jonathan Wainwright , Jr . , Major Wainwright ' s brother , was a U . S . Navy officer who was killed in battle in 1870 while fighting pirates off the west coast of Mexico . Jennie Wainwright , better known as Jane Mears , was married to Frederick Mears , who served in the U . S . Army from 1899 to 1923 , retiring as a colonel . The couple were significant figures in the early years of Anchorage , Alaska , due to Frederick ' s role with the Alaska Engineering Commission , which was building what became the Alaska Railroad . Major Wainwright is buried at Arlington National Cemetery .
George Lloyd ( aviator ) Major George Lawrence Lloyd was a World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories . Lloyd never quite became an ace in any squadron , though he was an ace overall . He became a balloon buster for his first victory piloting a Nieuport for 60 Squadron ; he destroyed the observation balloon on 22 April 1917 . He followed that up by destroying an Albatros D . III and driving two others down out of control . His fourth and last victory for 60 Squadron took place on 7 July 1917 . One week later , he scored his first of four victories as a Flight Commander in 40 Squadron . By the time he finished this second quartet on 7 October 1917 , his overall tally was two Albatros fighters and a two - seater reconnaissance plane destroyed , four Albatros fighters driven down out of control , and a balloon destroyed . Honors and awards . Military Cross ( MC ) 2nd Lt . ( T . / Capt . ) George Lawrence Lloyd , Yeo . , and R . F . C . For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty . Single - handed , he attacked three enemy machines , one of which he brought down out of control . On another occasion he attacked four enemy machines , one of which he brought down in a steep dive . He has brought down many other enemy machines and taken part in numerous combats , displaying magnificent gallantry and skill on all occasions . Air Force Cross awarded in late 1918 . References . " Nieuport Aces of World War 1 . " Norman Franks . Osprey Publishing , 2000 . ISBN 1 - 85532 - 961 - 1 , ISBN 978 - 1 - 85532 - 961 - 4 .
Fort Allen ( Puerto Rico ) Fort Allen , officially Fort Allen Training Center , is a Puerto Rico National Guard military base located on a 921 - acre plot of land in Juana Díaz , Puerto Rico . Current use . Since 1980 , Fort Allen has no members of Active Duty military assigned on post , but there are Active Guard Reserve personnel permanently at Fort Allen . Its mission is educational in scope and that of providing support to the Puerto Rico Army National Guard and the U . S . Army Reserve units stationed in southern Puerto Rico . The facilities at Fort Allen include classrooms , maintenance shops , an amphitheater , swimming pool , gym , recreational area , administrative offices , security office , barracks to house military personnel , chapel , dining facilities and a barber shop . There is not a Commissary at Fort Allen but NGX operates a PX on base for authorized patrons . Units and tenant units . Army National Guard Armed Forces Reserve Center . On March 4 , 2011 a Armed Forces Reserve Center ( AFRC ) was inaugurated at Fort Allen to relocate the U . S . Army Reserve 8th Multifunctional of the 180th Division and retention office . The Puerto Rico Army National Guard will locate the 201st Regiment Multifunctional Training Brigade to the Fort Allen Armed Forces Reserve Center . A Unheated storage building was also built . It also has a fitness room , locker rooms , weapons simulator , classrooms and private offices and an armory / vault . The Fort Allen Armed Forces Reserve Center can accommodate 150 Guard and Reserve Soldiers on a rotating basis , 126 military personnel per weekend . This facility was dedicated posthumously to former Adjutant General of the Puerto Rico National Guard PRNG and founder of the Language Center at Fort Allen , Major General Salvador Padilla Escabi . Officer Candidate School , NCO Academy & Language Center . The Puerto Rico Army National Guard Officer Candidate School , NCO Academy and the Language Center for the Puerto Rico Army and Air National Guard recruits are located at Fort Allen . Over - the - horizon radar . The U . S Navy Relocatable Over the Horizon ( ROTHR ) receiver site was built in 1997 on government land at Fort Allen as part of a surveillance network which is designed to monitor flights over an area encompassing more than in South America . The ( ROTHR ) radar consists of 34 antennas and support structure from 71 to tall . Youth Challenge Program . The National Guard Youth Challenge Program Community Outreach Youth Program came aboard to Fort Allen in 1999 to intervene and reclaim the lives of 16 - 18 year old high school dropouts , producing program graduates with the values , life skills , education , and self - discipline necessary to succeed as productive citizens .
Waterloo Monument The Waterloo Monument near Ancrum in the Scottish Borders is a 150 foot tower , built between 1817 and 1824 to commemorate the Battle of Waterloo . It was designed by the architect Archibald Elliot , after the original monument designed by William Burn collapsed . The monument stands on Peniel Heugh , OS ref : NT 653263 , a hill between Ancrum and Nisbet , Roxburghshire . Although technically on private land , walkers may park at the Harestanes Visitor Centre and then follow the marked walk to the top of the hill . The tower is not open to the public , although a key to the monument can be borrowed at a small cost from the Lothian Estates Office in nearby Bonjedward . Inside the monument is a spiral staircase leading to the balcony which encircles the top of the tower . On 1 May 2011 , a temporary zip wire was erected at the monument as part of a fundraising event for the Anthony Nolan charity . The zip wire , built by Vertical Events , is believed to be the longest ever set up in the UK and was long .