naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Gordonia ( AF - 43 ) USS Gordonia ( AF - 43 ) was an " Adria " - class stores ship acquired by the U . S . Navy for service in World War II . Her task was to carry stores , refrigerated items , and equipment to ships in the fleet , and to remote stations and staging areas . " Gordonia " , a provision stores ship , was launched 30 November 1944 by Pennsylvania Shipyards of Beaumont , Texas , under Maritime Commission contract ; sponsored by Mrs . B . S . Matthews ; and commissioned 14 May 1945 at Galveston , Texas , Lt . Ira V . Chapman in command . World War II service . " Gordonia " conducted a brief shakedown cruise in the Gulf of Mexico before departing for the Pacific Ocean . She loaded refrigerated cargo at Mobile , Alabama , transited the Panama Canal , and arrived Pearl Harbor 1 July 1945 . There the ship reloaded stores for fleet issue and steamed westward 10 July to bring supplies to the fleet off Okinawa . After stopping at Ulithi she spent 6 August – 23 August in the Okinawa area dispensing much - needed stores then returned to Pearl Harbor , arriving 13 September . Post - war activity . In the months that followed , " Gordonia " made three more voyages to the Far East , carrying precious refrigerated cargo . Her first passage was 23 October to 27 November , and on the second , beginning January 1946 , the ship visited Okinawa , Jinsen , and Taku in support of American Marines in China . She arrived San Francisco , California , 4 March . After one more voyage , this time to the Philippines , " Gordonia " arrived San Francisco 13 June . Decommissioning and disposition . There she decommissioned 8 July 1946 and was returned to the Maritime Commission the same day . " Gordonia " was subsequently renamed " Whale Knot " and was berthed with the National Defense Reserve Fleet in Suisun Bay , California . During 1946 - 1948 , she was operated commercially by the Matson Navigation Company , after which she was returned to the Maritime Administration , only to be transferred to the U . S . Army Transportation Command . She was returned to the Maritime Administration for lay up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet , Suisun Bay , Benecia , California , in early 1949 . Final Disposition , scrapped in 1974 . Military awards and honors . " Gordonia ’ s " crew was eligible for the following medals :
George FitzClarence , 1st Earl of Munster George Augustus Frederick FitzClarence , 1st Earl of Munster PC ( 29 January 1794 – 20 March 1842 ) , was the eldest natural son of William IV of the United Kingdom and his long - time mistress Dorothy Jordan . Like his siblings , he had little contact with his mother after his parents separated in 1811 , preferring to rely on his expectations from his father . He served as an army officer during the Peninsular War and subsequently in India . His father , though proud of his military record , was deeply concerned about his drinking and gambling , vices to which many of William ' s brothers were prone . He was created 1st Earl of Munster , 1st Viscount FitzClarence and 1st Baron Tewkesbury on 4 June 1831 , and made a Privy Councillor in 1833 . " Earl of Munster " had been a title held by his father before his accession to the British throne . George , like his siblings , was dissatisfied with the provisions made for him and this , combined with his increasing mental instability , caused a series of quarrels with his father which ended in a complete breach . The estrangement caused the King great distress , but those close to him thought it better that there be as little contact as possible , since Munster ' s visits invariably upset his father . He gained the rank of Major - General . He held the office of Aide - de - Camp to HM King William IV between 1830 and 1837 . He held the office of Lieutenant of the Tower between 1831 and 1833 . He was invested as a Privy Counsellor ( P . C . ) in 1833 . He held the office of Constable of Windsor Castle between 1833 and 1842 . He held the office of Aide - de - Camp to Queen Victoria between 1837 and 1841 . He was elected president of the Royal Asiatic Society in 1841 . He wed Mary Wyndham ( d . 3 December 1842 ) , daughter of George Wyndham , 3rd Earl of Egremont , and his mistress Elizabeth Fox , on 18 October 1819 . They were the parents to seven children : FitzClarence committed suicide at the age of 48 in London . He shot himself with a pistol presented to him by King George IV when Prince of Wales . His suicide came as no surprise to his family who had long been concerned about his mental condition ; his father ' s biographer attributes it to " a paranoiac sense of persecution . " At his inquest , his doctor and a surgeon told the coroner that they believed he was going mad , and in recent years there has been speculation that he suffered from the probably hereditary malady of porphyria which had afflicted his grandfather and several other members of the family .
James Martin , II James Martin , II ( 1826 - October 29 , 1895 ) was a sergeant serving in the United States Marine Corps during the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Battle of Mobile Bay . Biography . Martin was born in 1826 in Derry , Ireland , and after immigrating to the United States , entered the Marine Corps from Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , July 9 , 1847 . He was a sergeant assigned to the marine detachment aboard the U . S . S . Richmond when it was sent to fight in the American Civil War during the Battle of Mobile Bay . He retired from the Marine Corps with 32 years of service and after reenlisting seven times . He died October 29 , 1895 and is buried in Mount Moriah Cemetery Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . His grave can be found in the naval asylum plot . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Marine Corps . Born : 1826 , Derry , Ireland . Accredited to : Pennsylvania . G . O . No : 45 , 31 December 1864 . Citation : As captain of a gun on board the U . S . S . Richmond during action against rebel forts and gunboats and with the ram Tennessee in Mobile Bay , 5 August 1864 . Despite damage to his ship and the loss of several men on board as enemy fire raked her decks , Sgt . Martin fought his gun with skill and courage throughout the furious 2 - hour battle which resulted in the surrender of the rebel ram Tennessee and in the damaging and destruction of batteries at Fort Morgan .
Herbert Jones ( footballer ) Herbert " Taffy " Jones ( 3 September 1896 — 11 September 1973 ) was an English professional footballer . He played for Blackpool , six times in the England team , and was a member of the FA Cup winning team Blackburn Rovers in 1928 . He played as a defender . Early life . Jones trained as a plumber before World War I . He lied to enlist , signing up illegally aged 15 . During the war , he was stationed in France . He took part in the truce of Christmas 1915 . He became a pacifist and remained so for the rest of his life . In the summer of 1915 or 1916 he was hit by shrapnel when a shell exploded nearby . As a result of this injury he was honourably discharged . Football career . Blackpool . Jones began his football career , whilst still a part - time plumber , with his hometown club , Blackpool , making his debut on 16 December 1922 , in a goalless draw against Hull City at Bloomfield Road . He went on to make a further fifteen league appearances during the 1922 – 23 campaign , in what was Bill Norman ' s final season in charge of " the Seasiders " . Under new manager Major Frank Buckley in 1923 – 24 , Jones made 28 league appearances . He also featured in Blackpool ' s two FA Cup ties that season . The following season , 1924 – 25 , Jones appeared in 34 of the club ' s 42 league dates . He again appeared during the club ' s FA Cup run , this time helping them to the fourth round . They were knocked out by Blackburn Rovers at Ewood Park by a single goal in front of a crowd of 60 , 000 . Blackburn approached Blackpool the following season , 1925 – 26 , with a view to signing the defender . Blackpool accepted the £6 , 000 offer , and in mid - January he moved east across Lancashire . His final appearance for Blackpool occurred on 12 December 1925 , in a goalless draw at Wolves . Blackburn . Jones went on to play 247 league games for Rovers spanning from 1925 to 1934 . He won the FA Cup with the club in 1928 ( see 1928 FA Cup Final ) . After their relegation to Division Two in 1935 – 36 , Rovers returned to the top flight in 1938 – 39 . Brighton . Jones then joined Brighton for a season , making 37 league appearances . Fleetwood Town . He finished his career back on the Fylde with Fleetwood Town . International career . While at Blackburn , Jones received six caps for England . He made his debut for his country against Scotland on 2 April 1927 . His final cap was also gained against the Scots , on 31 March 1928 . Death . Jones died on 11 September 1973 , at the age of 77 .
1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon The 1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon , code - named Operation Gift ( ) , was an Israel Defense Forces ( IDF ) Special Forces operation at the Beirut International Airport in the evening of December 28 , 1968 . The operation was allegedly in response to the attack on the Israeli Airliner El Al Flight 253 two days earlier by the Palestinian Lebanon - based militant organization Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine ( PFLP ) . The commandos from the Army ' s elite Sayeret Matkal destroyed 12 or 13 passenger airplanes ( references differ ) and 1 cargo plane belonging to Middle East Airlines ( MEA ) . There were no casualties reported in the raid . Expenses . Of the 13 aircraft destroyed eight belonged to MEA ; which was 30 % owned by Air France , 5 % by Lebanese individuals and 65 % by the Intra Investment Company . Intra was an inter - governmental corporation constituted by the Kuwaiti , Qatari , Lebanese and American governments . The US was represented by the Commodity Credit Corporation which was owed money by Intra Bank , the predecessor of Intra Company , for wheat sales . Lebanese International Airways owned 3 of the destroyed aircraft which were 58 % American owned . Trans - Mediterranean Airways lost two planes owned by private Lebanese individuals . The total value of the planes was estimated to be $ 43 . 8 million of which British insurers initially agreed to pay $ 18 million , excluding all policies which did not cover acts of war .
John Baptist Lucius Noel John Baptist Lucius Noel ( 26 February 1890 – 12 March 1989 ) was a mountaineer and filmmaker best known for his film of the 1924 Mount Everest expedition . His father , Col . Edward Noel ( 1852 – 1917 ) , was the younger son of the second earl of Gainsborough . Noel was educated in Switzerland , where he fell in love with the mountains , and at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst , after which he joined the Army and was posted to India . Noel ' s regiment spent summers near the Himalayas and in 1913 he travelled in disguise into Tibet in order to approach Mount Everest . After serving in Europe during the First World War , in 1919 he lectured about his travels near Everest to the Royal Geographical Society . Sir Francis Younghusband used the occasion to call for the ascent of Mount Everest in 1921 . Noel eventually became a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society ( FRGS ) . He joined the 1922 Everest expedition as its official photographer and filmmaker and produced a short film , " Climbing Mount Everest " ( 1922 ) . In 1924 , Noel formed a private company which paid for the photographic rights of that year ' s Everest expedition . Noel reached the North Col and used a specially adapted camera to film the ascent of the peak . A note from George Mallory to Noel was the last contact with the lost explorer before his body was discovered in 1999 . The disappearance of George Mallory and Andrew Irvine added drama to the film , " The Epic of Everest " ( 1924 ) , but it was not a commercial success . Noel brought to London a group of Tibetan monks which performed before screenings of the film , and the performances of the " dancing lamas " offended Tibetan religious sensibilities and caused a breakdown in diplomatic relations between Britain and Tibet . Noel lectured widely in North America and published a book about his adventures , " Through Tibet to Everest " ( 1927 ) . After the first ascent of Everest in 1953 , Noel lectured once again about the mountain and his footage and photographs appeared widely in many films and television programmes . He was also the author of two early books on handgun marksmanship . In his later years , Noel restored old houses . He died on . Books by J . B . L . Noel . References are to Ray Riling , " Guns and Shooting , a Bibliography " , New York : Greenberg , 1951 .
SSAFA Forces Help SSAFA Forces Help ( often just called SSAFA ; pronounced SA - FA ) is a British based charitable organization set up to help former and serving members of the United Kingdom British Armed Forces and their families or dependents . To be eligibile for their assistance all that is required is one day ' s paid work for any of the United Kingdom ' s armed forces . History . The Soldiers ' and Sailors ' Families Association was founded in 1885 by James Gildea . It later , in 1919 , became a charity which was called the Soldiers , Sailors , Airmen and Families Association ( SSAFA ) after the establishment of the Royal Air Force in 1918 . SSAFA Forces Help was established in 1997 when two charities , the " Forces Help Society " , and " SSAFA " , merged . Objects . The objects for which the Association is established and incorporated are to relieve the need , suffering and distress of the following persons : With the money raised , SSAFA Forces Help can offer a range of support services :
Bengal Native Infantry The Bengal Native Infantry was part of the organisation of the East India Company ' s Bengal Army before the Indian rebellion of 1857 . The infantry regiment s underwent frequent changes of numbering during their period of existence . The traditional formation of British and Presidency Armies ' Regiments was by a hierarchy in which the " 1st Regiment " was the oldest and the highest number was given to the youngest . In 1764 , the Bengal Native Infantry regiments were renumbered in the order of the seniority of their captain . The vast majority of the Bengal Native Infantry regiments rebelled in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 .
Charles Leonard Charles Frederick Leonard Jr . ( February 23 , 1913 – February 18 , 2006 ) was an American pentathlete and Major General during the Vietnam War . Leonard won the silver medal in the 1936 Olympic Pentathlon . Charles Leonard ' s brother , William N . Leonard , was a World War II flying ace . They were buried together in Arlington Cemetery .
Yebira Yebira , Ebira or Shiko is a type of quiver used in Japan ese archery . The quiver is unusual in that in some cases , it may have open sides , while the arrows are held in the quiver by the tips which sit on a rest at the base of the yebira , and a rib that composes the upper part , and keeps them in place . There are many types of Yebira , some more ornate , some ceremonial , some more plain . Other types of yebira are more substantial , and more box like , much like quivers from other countries . The yebira was used traditionally by samurai in combat or hunting , and also is used for ceremonial archery in modern day Japan , such as in or yabusame . It could be quite decorative . It is somewhat different from another form of quiver , the cylindrical yazutsu , which is the normal type used in kyūdō . Some Yebira could hold up to three doezen arrows . The yebira can be slung over the back , or kept on saddle by horse archers .
Defeat into Victory Defeat into Victory is an account of the retaking of Burma by Allied forces during the Second World War by the British Field Marshal William Slim and published in the UK by Cassell in 1956 . It was published in the United States as " Defeat into Victory : Battling Japan in Burma and India , 1942 - 1945 " by David McKay of New York in 1961 . Slim was the commander of the British 14th Army which , in concert with American and Chinese forces , defeated the Imperial Japanese Army during the Burma Campaign . " Defeat into Victory " is widely regarded as a classic memoir of high command . Critical and popular reception . " Defeat into Victory " received positive reviews on its publications , being praised for its insight and the quality of writing . In a review in " Military Affairs " Frank Trager describes it as ' extraordinary ' and making ' a most valuable contribution to our understanding ' and thought it instructive in the light of contemporary American involvement in Vietnam . Louis Morton , writing in " The Journal of Modern History " considered it a work of ' wisdom , modesty , grace , and deep understanding ' , and ' an outstanding example of the best of British military memoirs ' . In the " New York Times " , the writer John Masters called it ' a dramatic story with one principal character and several hundred subordinate characters , ' and said that it showed that Field Marshal Slim was " an expert soldier and an expert writer . " " Defeat into Victory " was also a considerable commercial success with the first edition of 20 , 000 selling out almost immediately , being quickly followed by a second run . The book has been reissued several times since . Structure . In the original 1956 edition , Slim divided his work chronologically into six ' books ' entitled : This structure , examining the Allied victory in terms of the resurrection of the British and Indian Armies ' fighting prowess , has proved influential in the historiography of the Burma campaign .
Black Week In one disastrous week , dubbed Black Week , from 10 – 17 December 1899 , the British Army suffered three devastating defeats by the Boer Republics at the battles of Stormberg ( 690 ) , Magersfontein ( 948 ) and Colenso ( 1 , 138 ) , with 2 , 776 men killed , wounded and captured . The events were an eye opener for the government and troops , who had thought that the war could be won very easily . The British government drastically changed their mindset after the Black Week disaster to the realization that the Boer war would not be an easy victory , and they undertook many changes in the military including military personnel , better mobilization , and better modernization in order to match and then surpass the Boer troops . Many different opinions arose in the United Kingdom . Although there were many doubters who criticized the overall justice of the British cause , the patriots who would end up volunteering , fighting , and winning this conflict were the majority . Following Black Week , the government called “ for able - bodied men willing to abandon their homes and families and risk their lives to serve their country . ” Even with this dangerous task , many still volunteered either for the regular army or for shorter enlistments . These new volunteers served as a “ new face , untainted by defeat and accusations of defeatism … to breathe life back into the campaigns and restore hope at home . ” Other changes enacted by the British immediately following the Black Week disaster were the mobilization of two more divisions , the calling up of the army reserves , raising a force of mounted cavalry for better mobility , and most importantly by sending volunteers from home overseas which added more than one hundred thousand additional troops by the end of the war . The biggest problem that the British troops had at the beginning of the war was the antiquity of their weaponry . The Boer troops had very advanced modern weapons , which helped them win battles where they were greatly outnumbered . One of the keys to success at the Battle of Colenso was the use of smokeless powder in their rifles , which hid their locations from the British troops returning fire . This was just one of the many ways in which the Boers had superior weaponry at the beginning of the war . The first of many reforms in the modernization of the British military following Black Week was with the cavalry . With new , modernized troops came new tactics ; only a few months after Black Week , one of the main cavalry divisions led a flanking march that ended with a victory . Besides equipping the cavalry with rapid - firing rifles instead of lances , the new British military doctrine also started using artillery as a defensive unit of the army , and saw innovation in the use of machine guns .
Arthur Dorward ( British Army officer ) Major - General Sir Arthur Robert Ford Dorward KCB DSO ( 1848 – 1934 ) was a British Army officer who commanded the Troops in the Straits Settlements . Military career . Dorward was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in 1868 . He served in the Second Anglo - Afghan War in 1878 . He was appointed Commander , Royal Engineers in Jamaica in 1897 and then took part in the capture of Tientsin following the Boxer Rebellion in China in 1900 , for which he was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) . Dorward then served as Commissioner of Weihaiwei from September 1901 , and went on to be Commander of the troops in Shanghai in 1901 , General Officer Commanding the Troops in the Straits Settlements in 1903 and Major - General in charge of Administration in South Africa in 1905 . He served in World War I as Inspector of Hutting at the War Office . He died in Palma , Majorca .
RNAS Pulham RNAS Pulham ( later RAF Pulham ) was an Royal Navy Air Service ( RNAS ) airship station , near Pulham St Mary south of Norwich , UK . Though land was purchased by the Royal Navy in 1912 the site was not operational until 1915 . From 1918 to 1958 , the unit was a Royal Air Force establishment . History . Pulham was one of the main British airship stations , with more than 3 , 000 men on the base at the end of the First World War . Initially it was used for airships that operated patrols over the North Sea ( such as the Coastal and SS types ) until their areas were taken over by seaplanes . The R34 landed at RNAS Pulham to complete the first two - way flown crossing of the Atlantic in July 1919 . After the loss of the R101 in 1930 and the end of British airships the station was moved on to a care and maintenance basis only . In its heyday Pulham had its own hydrogen plant , one small and two large airship sheds ( one was later moved to Cardington base in 1930 , the other was scrapped in 1948 ) and a permanent mooring mast . During World War II , Pulham Air Station was used as an aircraft salvage yard for the eastern England , with several huge dumps of scrapped aircraft . The resultant contamination of the land is visible even today . The RAF used Pulham for storage and Maintenance Unit work until closure in 1958 .
Fokker D . II The Fokker D . II was a German fighter biplane of World War I . It was a single seat fighter aircraft developed before the Fokker D . I . It was based on the M . 17 prototype , with single - bay unstaggered wings and a larger fuselage and shorter span than production D . IIs . Using a 75 kW ( 100 hp ) Oberursel U . I , the D . II was underpowered , though the single 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) lMG 08 machine gun was normal for 1916 . The German Army purchased 177 . Operational history . In service , the D . II proved to be little better than the earlier Fokker " Eindecker " fighters - in particular , it was outclassed by the Nieuport 11 and 17 . A few examples were used by the " Kampfeinsitzerkommandos " and the early " Jagdstaffeln " alongside the Halberstadt D . II but the early Fokker biplanes were quickly discarded when the new Albatros fighters came out .