naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Spanish cruiser Infanta Isabel Infanta Isabel was a " Velasco " - class unprotected cruiser of the Spanish Navy . Technical Characteristics . " Infanta Isabel " was built at the naval shipyard at Cadiz . Her keel was laid in 1883 , she was launched on 26 June 1885 , and she was completed in 1888 or 1889 . She had one rather tall funnel . She had an iron hull and was rigged as a barque . " Infanta Isabel " was rebuilt in 1911 , and by 1921 her armament had become one 66 - mm ( 2 . 6 - inch ) and ten 57 - mm ( 2 . 25 - inch ) guns and her complement had risen to 194 . She was stricken in 1927 , by far the longest - lived ship of her class .
SG - 43 Goryunov The SG - 43 Goryunov was a Soviet medium machine gun ( about the equivalent of the American M1919 Browning machine gun ) that was introduced during the Second World War and is chambered for the 7 . 62×54mmR cartridge . It was introduced in 1943 as replacement for the older M1910 Maxim machine guns and was mounted on wheeled mounts , tripod s and armored vehicles . The SG - 43 used a tilting breechblock , moving sideways and locking into the side of the receiver . The feed is not straightforward , as the gun fires the 7 . 62×54mmR round , and this has to be withdrawn rearwards from the belt before ramming into the breech . The reciprocating motion is achieved by using two claws to pull the round from the belt , and then an arm pushes the round into the cartridge guide ready for the bolt to carry it to the breech . Despite this complication , the SG - 43 was remarkably reliable and feed jams were apparently few . The barrel is air - cooled and massively dense , contributing to a fairly high overall weight . The bore is chromium - plated and able to withstand continuous fire for long periods . The barrel can also be easily changed by releasing a simple lock , and the carrying handle allows a hot barrel to be lifted clear without difficulty . The WWII version of the gun had a smooth outline to the barrel , and the cocking handle was under the receiver , with no dust covers to the feed and ejection ports . After the end of World War II the SG - 43 was improved and renamed SGM ( " M " for modernized ) ; dust covers and a new barrel lock were fitted , and a splined barrel was fitted to improve cooling . A tank mounted variant was also developed under the designation SGMT . The SG - 43 / SGM was widely exported and also licensed for construction in several countries . It was manufactured in the People ' s Republic of China as Type 53 and respectively as Type 57 heavy machine gun , but also in Czechoslovakia ( as Vz 43 ) and Poland ( as Wz 43 ) . In addition to World War II , it saw service in the Korean War with the Communist North Korean and Chinese forces . In Soviet service , the Goryunov , together with the RP - 46 , was replaced in the 1960s by the PK machine gun due to the switch in Soviet tactical doctrine to the general - purpose machine gun concept , rendering the gun effectively obsolete .
Hoot ( missile ) Hoot ( ; " Whale " ) is an Iranian supercavitation torpedo which travels at approximately , several times faster than a conventional torpedo . It was test - fired successfully from a surface ship against a dummy submarine during the Iranian military exercise " Great Prophet " ) on 2 April 2006 and 3 April 2006 . The official Iranian news agency IRNA claims the torpedo was produced and developed by the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps ( ) . Most military and industry analysts have concluded that the Hoot is reverse engineered from the Russia n VA - 111 Shkval supercavitation torpedo which travels at the same speed .
Somme Heritage Centre The Somme Heritage Centre is a tourist attraction and education center in Conlig , County Down , Northern Ireland . Opened in 1994 the centre promotes Ireland ' s role in the First World War , and especially the role of both Protestant and Catholic , unionist and nationalist in the war . It focuses on three of the volunteer divisions in Ireland ;
Carlo Pisacane Carlo Pisacane , Duke of San Giovanni ( 22 August 1818 — 2 July 1857 ) was an Italian patriot and one of the first Italian socialist thinkers . Biography . Pisacane was born in Naples to an impoverished noble family , and entered the Neapolitan army in 1839 ; but having become imbued with Mazzinian ideas he emigrated in 1847 , and after a short stay in England and France served in the French army in Algeria . The revolution of 1848 recalled him to Italy ; he played a part in the brief Roman Republic , and was an instrumental part of the war commission in the defence of the city . After its capture by the French , he again went into exile , first to London and then to Genoa , maintaining himself by teaching . Pisacane regarded the rule of the House of Savoy as no better than that of Austria . When Mazzini , undeterred by the failure of the abortive Milan rising on the 6th of February , 1853 , determined to organize an expedition to provoke a rising in the Neapolitan kingdom , Pisacane offered himself for the task , and sailed from Genoa with a few followers ( including Giovanni Nicotera ) on board the steamer " Cagliari " on 25 June 1857 . They landed on the island of Ponza , where the guards were overpowered and some hundreds of prisoners liberated , and on 28 of the same month arrived at Sapri in Campania and attempted to reach the Cilento . But hardly any assistance from the inhabitants was forthcoming , and the invaders were quickly overpowered at Padula , Pisacane himself being brutally stabbed with a knife then killed at Sanza by angry locals who did not recognise him believing him to be a wandering gypsy who was stealing their food . Today the town of Sanza has an annual feast on the day of his death known as Carlo Pisacane Day where they celebrate his murder . There is also a commemorative statue . Pisacane is considered a pioneering advocate of propaganda of the deed , arguing that " ideas result from deeds , not the latter from the former , and the people will not be free when they are educated , but educated when they are free . " He argued that violence was necessary not only to draw attention to , or generate publicity for , a cause , but also to inform , educate , and ultimately rally the masses behind the revolution . These ideas have exerted compelling influence on rebels and terrorist alike ever since . During the historical period known as Risorgimento , Pisacane represented the extreme left , and as a follower of French philosopher Pierre - Joseph Proudhon introduced Anarchism in Italy . His essays , titled Saggi and Testamento Politico , were published posthumously in France . He was an atheist . Arts and culture . The landing is remembered in the poem La spigolatrice di Sapri by Luigi Mercantini , composed in the same year . This poem in turn inspired the title of the 1952 film about the landing , Eran trecento . It was also translated into English by Henry W . Longfellow with the title " The Gleaner of Sapri " . In August of every year Carlo Pisacane ' s landing is celebrated in a three - day festival in Sapri .
South Bastion , Gibraltar The South Bastion was part of the fortifications of Gibraltar , protecting the western base of the Charles V Wall . It was originally built by Spanish military engineers , later improved by the British . The South Bastion stands at the south end of the Line Wall Curtain which defends the town from attack from the Bay of Gibraltar . Another curtain wall runs east from the bastion to the base of a precipice . This wall is pierced by the Southport Gates , guarded by the South Bastion and the Flat Bastion on either side . Early structures . The Milanese military engineer Giovanni Battista Calvi visited Gibraltar in 1557 and drew plans for two defensive positions to the south of the town , where the South Bastion and Flat Bastion now stand , connected by a new curtain wall . Calvi was ill , and did not stay to carry out the planned works . It may have been another Italian , Amodeo Agostino , who died in 1571 who built the original bastions . Another source says the bastion that was incorporated into the South Bastion was probably designed for Philip II of Spain by the Italian engineer Giacomo Fratino in the 1560s . Fortification . The South Bastion , called the " Baluarte de Nuestra Señora del Rosario " ( " Bastion of Our Lady of the Rosary " ) by the Spanish , had been built by 1627 . Casemented gun positions on the bastion enfiladed the ditch across the Gate of Africa , now the Southport Gate . The South bastion , and the Flat Bastion further inland , protected the Southport Gate , which lay between them . A writer in 1786 described the southern defenses of Gibraltar : Above the precipice the Moorish Wall and the upper Charles V Wall both continue up to the crest of the rock . A traveler described the bastion in 1771 as follows : The same writer said of the insect life : " The centipedes and quadrantipedes are plenty , with a large hairy spider , which some say is the tarantula , and together with the grilia talpa , are inhabitants of the south bastion . " Today . One of the bastion ' s current uses is to house the Gibraltar College which sits on top of the bastion . A statue of Horatio Nelson stands below the South Bastion ' s wall , erected to commemorate the 200th anniversary of his victory and death in the Battle of Trafalgar ( 21 October 1805 ) . The statue was designed by John Doubleday and shows Nelson and he was when he last arrived at Gibraltar . The sculpture was commissioned by the Government of Gibraltar and is cast in part from copper taken from HMS Victory which visited the harbour on a number of occasions . References . Notes Citations Sources
Battle of Flarchheim Battle of Flarcheim was fought between Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and the German anti - king Rudolf of Swabia on January 27 , 1080 near Flarchheim . Prelude . Rudolf appeared to be vulnerable after losing the support of some of the Saxon princes . Henry decided to take advantage of this vulnerability and marched out against him in the winter of 1079 - 1080 . Rudolf sought out Henry and met him at Flachheim between Eisenach and Mühlhausen in Thuringia . Battle . Rudolf had arrayed his army on a hill behind a stream . Rather than attack Rudolf and possibly get caught with his forces straddling the stream , Henry opted to march around the obstacle . What happened in the gathering dark and the ensuing snowstorm is not certain . On one hand there are reports of the Saxons being attacked and driven off after duke Vratislaus II of Bohemia cut down the Saxon standard during the snowstorm . On the other hand , Ekkehard of Aura reports that Otto of Nordheim attacked and plundered Henry ' s camp before forcing the surrender of the Franconians and the Bohemians . Berthold ( possibly Berthold of Ratisbon ) states that the armies became separated in the dark and that Rudolf was forced to withdraw to a neighboring village by the cold . The next day Rudolf returned to the field , but Henry had withdrawn to Franconia and disbanded his army . It is not clear if Henry was defeated or simply withdrew in the face of more resistance than he expected .
USS Corinthia ( SP - 938 ) USS " Corinthia " ( SP - 938 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918 . " Corinthia " was built as a private motorboat of the same name in 1909 by Charles Seabury & Company at Morris Heights in the Bronx , New York . In 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned as USS " Corinthia " ( SP - 938 ) on 14 May 1917 with Lieutenant , junior grade , P . Herndon , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 8th Naval District , " Corinthia " patrolled off the coast of Texas and Louisiana for the rest of World War I . " Corinthia " was decommissioned on 6 December 1918 and returned to her owner the following day .
Battle of Fornham The Battle of Fornham was a battle fought during the Revolt of 1173 – 74 . The Revolt began in April 1173 and resulted from the efforts of King Henry II of England to find lands for his youngest son , Prince John . John ' s other three legitimate brothers – Henry , Richard , and Geoffrey – objected and fled to the court of King Louis VII of France , where they raised a rebellion . The rebelling sons and the French king secured a number of allies and invaded Normandy , while the Scottish king invaded England . These invasions failed and although negotiations between the rebels and the English king were started , they resulted in no peace . Robert de Beaumont , the Earl of Leicester , then decided to invade England with a force of Flemish mercenaries . He landed at Walton in Suffolk in late September or early October . Leicester attempted to join forces with another rebel , Hugh Bigod , the Earl of Norfolk , who was based at the castle of Framlingham . After some inconclusive fighting , Leicester decided to lead his men to his own base of Leicester , but royalist forces prevented this . The earl ' s base there had recently come under attack by royal forces and thus needed reinforcement , but another reason for the movement may have been friction between de Beaumont and Bigod and Bigod ' s wife , Gundreda . The battle was fought on 17 October 1173 between rebel forces under the command of Leicester and royal forces under the command of Richard de Lucy , the Chief Justiciar as well as Humphrey de Bohun , Reginald de Dunstanville , the Earl of Cornwall , William of Gloucester , the Earl of Gloucester , and William d ' Aubigny , the Earl of Arundel . The rebel forces were numbered at 3000 mercenaries , and the royal forces included at least 300 knights as well as the Earl of Norfolk ' s son , Roger Bigod , who had remained loyal to the king . Along with these knights , the royal forces also had the local levies and the military followings of three earls of Gloucester , Arundel , and Cornwall . The rebels were caught fording the River Lark near the present towns of Fornham St Genevieve , Fornham All Saints , and Fornham St Martin in Suffolk at a location about north of Bury St Edmunds . With his forces split , Leicester ' s cavalry was captured and his mercenaries were driven into nearby swamps where the local peasants killed most of them . Leicester was captured , as was his wife , Petronilla de Grandmesnil , who had put on armour herself . Leicester remained in captivity until January 1177 when some of his lands were returned to him .
Joseph Clancy Joseph Clancy ( September 29 , 1863 – February 2 , 1929 ) was an American sailor serving in the United States Navy during Boxer Rebellion who received the Medal of Honor for bravery . Biography . Clancy was born September 29 , 1863 in New York City , New York , and after entering the navy Clancy was sent to China to fight in the Boxer Rebellion . He died February 2 , 1929 , and is buried in the Arlington National Cemetery , Arlington , Virginia . His grave can be found in Section 7 - 8145 - EH Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Chief Boatswain ' s Mate , U . S . Navy . Born : 29 September 1863 , New York , N . Y . G . O . No . : 55 , 19 July 1901 . Citation : In action with the relief expedition of the Allied forces in China , 13 , 20 , 21 and 22 June 1900 . During this period and in the presence of the enemy , Clancy distinguished himself by his conduct .
Ashanti – Fante War The Ashanti – Fante War ( 1806 – 1807 ) was fought between the Ashanti Confederacy and the Fante Confederacy of present - day Ghana . The Ashanti Confederacy was a major African kingdom on the Gold Coast . Rivalry between the Ashanti and Fante was long held but grew much more serious in the beginning of 19th century . The British were usually allies of the Fante , and the Dutch of the Ashanti . The war began when the Asantehene of the Ashanti charged some people with robbing graves . The Fante promptly gave refuge to the accused , who were people from Assin , and Osei Bonsu thus sent an army against the Fante . At Abora , four miles from Cape Coast , a battle was fought , in which the Ashanti were able to capture their own people charged for robbing the grave - this was their victory . However , the Fante were but a handful compared to the Mighty Ashanti army and still managed to see off the thousand men sent awaiting for a thousand more to come . A British agent representing the African Company of Merchants at Cape Coast sheltered the accused grave robbers , whilst the Ashanti went on to attack the fort at Kormantine ( Fort Amsterdam ) of their old allies the Dutch . The British then tried to make friends with the Ashanti , and Colonel Torrane , who was in charge at Cape Coast , most treacherously handed an old and blind Assin king called Kwadwo Otibu to the Asantehene , although he knew the old man would be killed ; which he was .
11th Division ( Sri Lanka ) The 11th Division is an infantry division of the Sri Lanka Army . Based at the Panagoda Cantonment , it is responsible for the maintenance of capability for the defence of the capital and Kandy . It is also responsible for carrying out training and administrative work .
Tupolev I - 12 The Tupolev I - 12 ( also known as ANT - 23 ) was a prototype Soviet fighter aircraft that never reached production . I - 12 was of unconventional design with twin booms made of water pipes containing recoilless rifle s and two engines in a push - pull configuration . The aircraft first flew in 1931 but did not enter production due to disappointing performance and operational difficulties such as the inability for the pilot to escape the aircraft without hitting the propeller arc behind him . The second prototype , designated ANT - 23bis was never completed .
71st Infantry Division ( France ) The 71st Infantry Division ( ) was a French Army formation during both World War I and World War II . World War I . The 71st Infantry Division was mobilised on the outbreak of war . It included the 217th , 221st , 309th , 349th , 358th , and 370th Infantry Regiments . The division served in the Alsace , Verdun and Lorraine sectors during the first half of the war . It took part in the Battle of Verdun in 1916 , and the fighting in Flanders in May to June 1918 , ( including the Second Battle of the Marne ) , and then in the French army ' s advance on the Aisne front in the autumn of 1918 ( the Meuse - Argonne Offensive ) . During the first part of the war , it was not attached to a particular Corps , but from June 1917 to the end of the war , it was part of the French XXXVIII Corps . At various times , it was part of the French First Army , French Second Army , French Fourth Army , French Fifth Army , D . A . L . , D . A . N . ( Northern Army Detachment ) , D . A . V . and GQGA . World War II . The 71st Infantry Division was a " B " reserve division , a third - line formation with few regular soldiers on strength and older equipment . The division was mainly formed from Parisian reservists . During the Battle of France , the Division contained the following units : The division served on the Meuse sector , under the command of the French X Corps , part of the French 2nd Army . During the early phase of the Battle of France , the 71st Division was largely destroyed in the fighting along the Meuse between 14 May and 17 May 1940 . The division was disbanded on 21 May 1940 and the remaining forces were combined with the survivors of the 55th Infantry Division to form the 59th Light Infantry Division .
Robert Stewart , 4th Lord of Aubigny Robert Stewart ( or Stuart ) ( c . 1470 – 1544 ) , Lord of Aubigny , Count of Beaumont - le - Roger , was a French soldier belonging to the family of Stewart of Darnley . Robert was the fourth son of John Stewart , 1st Earl of Lennox and Margaret Montgomerie . He inherited the Lordship of Aubigny through his marriage to his cousin Anne Stewart , daughter of Bernard Stewart , Lord of Aubigny ( died 1508 ) . Robert began his military career in 1493 when he joined the " Garde Écossaise " of King Charles VIII of France . He served with Bernard in Italy in Charles VIII ' s Italian War and later in that of Louis XII under Trémoille . He was made Marshal of France in 1514 , reconfirmed by Francis I the following year . During the skirmishing leading to the Battle of Marignano in 1515 his soldiers under Jacques de la Palice surprised and captured the Papal commander Prospero Colonna in a daring cavalry raid behind enemy lines . He also fought at the Battle of Pavia in 1525 . He died in March of April 1544 .
Jacob Parrott Jacob Wilson Parrott ( July 17 , 1843 – December 22 , 1908 ) was the first recipient of the Medal of Honor , a new military award first presented by the United States Department of War to six Union Army soldiers who participated in the Great Locomotive Chase in 1862 during the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ) . Biography . Parrott was a native of Fairfield County , Ohio . He first joined the 20th OVI for 90 days . Upon completing this he returned to his home town of Kenton , Ohio . He then joined the United States Army in 1861 as a private in Company K , 33rd Ohio Infantry and first saw combat in the Battle of Ivy Mountain . In April 1862 , he volunteered to take part in a daring raid with twenty - one others ( later known as " Andrews ' Raiders " because they operated under the command of James J . Andrews ) . After infiltrating Confederate lines and hijacking the locomotive " General , " they were captured and imprisoned . Parrott was severely beaten 110 times in an attempt to make him talk . Parrott and fourteen others managed to escape , but only six of them reached friendly lines . He was later exchanged and taken to Washington , D . C . meeting President Abraham Lincoln and was presented with the Medal of Honor by Secretary of War Edwin M . Stanton . He served with the Union Army for the rest of the war . He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1863 after the Battle of Stones River and as a first lieutenant in 1864 . He returned to Kenton , Ohio after the war and remained a cabinet maker and ran a stone quarry out south of Kenton , Ohio . Parrott suffered a heart attack and died while walking home from the county courthouse in Kenton , Ohio . He is buried in Grove Cemetery , on State Route 309 , east edge of Kenton , Ohio . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and Organization : Citation :
Splitterskyddad EnhetsPlattform The SEP modular armoured vehicle ( " Splitterskyddad enhetsplattform " ) , Swedish for " Fragmentation Protected Standard Platform " , is a hybrid diesel - electric powered armoured fighting vehicle developed by BAE Systems AB . The vehicle is codenamed " Thor " . The first demonstration models were produced in 2000 ( tracked ) and 2003 ( wheeled ) . It was originally contracted by the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration . Later Sweden decided to buy the Finnish Patria AMV . As of July 2009 , no country is considering the vehicle . Development . The project began in 1994 . Sweden ' s original requirement was 1600 vehicles . The vehicles were planned to enter service in 2014 and the modular payload configuration was expected to allow up to 24 variants . In February 2008 , the Swedish Armed Forces announced the cancellation of the SEP programme . The reasons stated were a ' lack of an international collaborative partner ' which prevented the Swedish armed forces from continuing the project alone . The vehicle was dropped from the British FRES programme in July 2007 . In 2009 BAE announced that Kongsberg Devotek would develop gears and transmissions for the vehicle .