naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Ibis ( AM - 134 ) The second USS " Ibis " ( AM - 134 ) , was a of the United States Navy during World War II . As the M / V " Tide " , a steel - hulled fishing trawler , she was built by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co . , Quincy , Massachusetts , for the General Sea Foods Corp . , Boston , Massachusetts in 1937 . The vessel was acquired by the navy , on 1 January 1942 , and conversion to a minesweeper began on 8 January 1942 at the Bethlehem Steel Corp . , East Boston , Massachusetts . Renamed " Ibis " on 21 January 1942 , she completed conversion and was commissioned on 23 May 1942 . " Ibis " was assigned to Woods Hole Section Base , Massachusetts , as a training ship until early 1943 , when she took up minesweeping duties out of Newport , Rhode Island . " Ibis " was decommissioned 1 May 1944 . Her name was struck from the Navy List on 16 September 1944 and she transferred to the Maritime Commission . She was subsequently sold back to the General Foods Corporation .
HMS Zebra ( 1777 ) HMS " Zebra " was the first ship to bear the name in the British Navy . She was a 14 gun ship sloop of the " Swan " class , launched on 8 April 1777 . She was abandoned and blown up after going aground on 22 October 1778 at Little Egg Harbor , New Jersey , during the American Revolutionary War after only one year in service .
Erich Timm Erich Timm ( 15 February 1913 – 6 October 1997 ) was a highly decorated Oberstleutnant in the Fallschirmjäger during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
Philip ( son of Antipater ) Philip ( in Greek Φιλιππoς ; lived 4th century BC ) was son of Antipater , the regent of Macedonia , and brother of Cassander , by whom he was sent in 313 BC , with an army to invade Aetolia . But on his arrival in Acarnania the news that Aeacides , king of Epirus , had recovered possession of his throne , induced him to turn his arms against that monarch , whom he defeated in a pitched battle . Aeacides with the remnant of his forces having afterwards joined the Aetolians , a second action ensued , in which Philip was again victorious , and Aeacides himself fell in the battle . The Aetolians hereupon abandoned the open country , and took refuge in their mountain fastnesses . According to Justin Philip had participated with his two brothers , Cassander and Iollas , in the conspiracy for the murder of Alexander the Great in 323 BC . He was the father of Antipater Etesias .
Urakami Urakami was an area in the northern part of the city of Nagasaki . It is the exact ground zero where the atomic bomb exploded on August 9 , 1945 . It is the site of Urakami Cathedral , which was the largest cathedral in East Asia before it was destroyed by the bomb and then rebuilt . External links . ( ground zero )
Armstrong Whitworth AW . 681 The Armstrong Whitworth AW . 681 , also known as the Whitworth Gloster 681 or Hawker Siddeley HS . 681 , was a projected British long - range STOL military transport aircraft design by Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft and was to be capable of development to VTOL performance . The AW . 681 was designed to meet the NATO specification BMR - 4 . Design and development . Operational Requirement 351 was issued to meet a requirement for the Royal Air Force for a medium - range freighter to replace the Beverley and Hastings . There were proposals from British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker Siddeley , the former offering the BAC . 222 based on the Lockhheed Hercules and the BAC . 208 with deflected thrust engines and lift fans . Armstrong Whitworth ' s design was selected . The aircraft featured a swept shoulder mounted wing and a high T - tail . The rear fuselage was upswept with loading doors and a ramp . Four Rolls - Royce RB . 142 Medway engines with vectored thrust nozzles were to be mounted on pylons under the wings which were to feature boundary layer control with blown flap s , leading edges , and ailerons . The Medway engines would have given STOL performance only . The use of an additional 18 6 , 000 lbf ( 26 . 7 kN ) RB . 162 - 64 lift engines or replacement of the Medways with four Bristol Siddeley Pegasus ducted flow turbofans was proposed to obtain VTOL capability . The Pegasus 5 - 6 would have been rated at around 18 , 000 lbf ( 80 kN ) . In March 1962 the government announced the go - ahead for the HS . 681 with a project study and a prototype to fly in 1966 . With a load of 60 troops it was expected that 50 aircraft would be ordered . Some of the production work would be sub - contracted to Short Brothers in Belfast . In 1964 when a Labour Party formed a government it announced a review of military programmes . The project was cancelled in February 1965 when the government announced it would buy the American Lockheed Hercules instead . Armstrong Whitworth made a last - minute effort to promote a non - STOL version of the HS . 681 , designated the HS . 802 which used the wings and engines from the HS . 801 Nimrod . As a consequence of the cancellation the Armstrong Whitworth factory in Coventry was closed with a loss of 5 , 000 jobs .
No . 224 Squadron RAF No . 224 Squadron RAF was a Royal Air Force squadron that saw service in both the First and Second World War s . History . It was formed on 1 April 1918 , at Alimini , Italy from part of No . 6 Wing RNAS , equipped with the de Havilland DH . 4 . In June 1918 it re - equipped with the de Havilland DH . 9 . The squadron moved to Taranto in December 1918 , disbanding there in May 1919 . On 1 February 1937 , the squadron reformed at Manston , when No . 48 Squadron was renumbered . It then moved to Boscombe Down and was equipped with Avro Anson s for reconnaissance duties . In August 1938 the squadron moved to Leuchars , and from May 1939 began re - equipping with the Lockheed Hudson . The squadron moved to Limavady in April 1941 , and St Eval in December 1941 . In February 1942 it returned to Limavady and moved to Tiree in April 1942 where it converted to Consolidated Liberator s . In September 1942 the squadron moved ; first to Beaulieu , then St Eval in April 1943 , and Milltown , Scotland in September 1944 . The squadron returned to St Eval in July 1945 where it converted to Avro Lancaster s in October 1946 . The squadron disbanded on 10 November 1947 . The squadron reformed on 1 March 1948 at Aldergrove , equipped with the Handley Page Halifax . In 1951 it re - equipped with the Avro Shackleton , which it operated from Gibraltar , until disbanding on 31 October 1966 .
4756th Air Defense Group The 4756th Air Defense Group ( Weapons ) is a discontinued United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the 4756th Air Defense Wing of Air Defense Command ( ADC ) at Tyndall Air Force Base , Florida , where it was discontinued in 1963 . The group was first activated at Moody Air Force Base , Georgia , but moved to Tyndall when ADC assumed the interceptor aircraft crew training mission from Air Training Command . In 1963 , its mission was absorbed directly to its parent wing , which was also located at Tyndall . History . The 4756th Air Defense Group was organized at Moody AFB in 1955 as a tenant of Air Training Command ' s 3550th Air Base Group , an element of the 3550th Combat Crew Training Wing , which trained interceptor pilots , in order to improve Air Defense Command ' s ( ADC ) rocketry proficiency program . The group was assigned two squadron s , the 4756th Air Defense Squadron ( Weapons ) ( ADS ) , which was already stationed at Moody and assigned directly to the 4750th Air Defense Wing , and the 4757th ADS ( Interceptor Weapons School ) , which was activated at Tyndall AFB in 1957 . The group moved to Tyndall AFB with the 4756th ADS when ADC assumed the crew training mission for ADC ' s interceptor crews from Air Training Command and Moody became a pilot training base . In April 1961 , the group participated in Operation Southern Tip , deploying six Convair F - 102 Delta Dagger aircraft to Homestead AFB , Florida in a two week test of a contingency plan to augment air defense forces in Southern Florida in face of the potential threat from an unfriendly Cuba . Two of the F - 102s were maintained on armed five - minute alert status . However , on 17 April the Bay of Pigs Invasion occurred , and the Joint Chiefs of Staff directed that Southern Tip continue indefinitely . However , the group ' s contribution to this mission was reduced to three aircraft in mid May because of the impact of the extended deployment on the training and testing mission . The 482d Fighter - Interceptor Squadron then assumed the mission from the group . On 15 Nov 1962 , the 4756th ADS was redesignated the 4756th Combat Crew Training Squadron . The group was discontinued in 1963 and its personnel , equipment , functions , and subordinate squadrons transferred to 4756th Air Defense Wing .
XXXXI Reserve Corps ( German Empire ) The XXXXI Reserve Corps ( ) was a corps level command of the German Army in World War I . Formation . XXXXI Reserve Corps was formed in December 1914 . It was part of the second wave of new Corps formed in the early stages of World War I consisting of XXXVIII - XXXXI Reserve Corps of 75th - 82nd Reserve Divisions ( plus 8th Bavarian Reserve Division ) . The personnel was predominantly made up of " kriegsfreiwillige " ( wartime volunteers ) who did not wait to be called up . It was still in existence at the end of the war . Structure on formation . On formation in December 1914 , XXXXI Reserve Corps consisted of two divisions . but was weaker than an Active Corps In summary , XXXXI Reserve Corps mobilised with 18 infantry battalions , 2 cavalry detachments , 24 field artillery batteries ( 96 guns ) , 2 cyclist companies and 2 pioneer companies . Commanders . XXXXI Reserve Corps had the following commanders during its existence :
HMNZS Wakakura ( T00 ) HMNZS " Wakakura " ( T00 ) was originally a First World War naval trawler built in Canada . She was purchased by New Zealand in 1926 and transferred to the Royal New Zealand Navy when it was established in 1941 . The " Wakakura " remained in commission throughout the Second World War and was sold to Tasman Steamship Co and converted to a refrigerated cargo vessel in 1947 . " A little trawler paid a big part in the lives of New Zealand ' s pre - war and wartime naval reservists . Her Majesty ' s Trawler ( later HMNZS ) Wakakura , purchased from the Royal Navy scrap heap ' as is , where is ' to be a training ship , also left an impression on various wharves and a couple of other ships as she roamed from port to port around New Zealand instructing young would - be sailors in naval procedures . " She displaced 530 tons standard , could manage and was equipped with a gun during World War II . " Wakakura " is a Māori word which means " precious canoe " or " training boat " .
Al Minhad Air Base Al Minhad Air Base ( ) is a military installation in the United Arab Emirates . The base is located approximately south of Dubai and is operated by the United Arab Emirates Air Force . Facilities . The airport resides at an elevation of above mean sea level . It has one runway , 09 / 27 which has an asphalt surface measuring . and a parallel taxiway with a width of . Foreign users . Several foreign countries allied to the United Arab Emirates are believed to have made use of Al Minhad Air Base since the early 2000s to support the logistics supply chain for their army operations in Afghanistan . Use of the Al Minhad Air Base is a sensitive matter for the Government of the United Arab Emirates , which imposes a diplomatic agreement stating that the militaries of foreign governments not advertise the host nation nor location of their operations in the United Arab Emirates due to " local sensitivities " about allowing a foreign military presence within its borders . The British Armed Forces have operations at the base . No . 906 Expeditionary Air Wing RAF was stood up at the base on 15 January 2013 . 906 Wing , one of the RAF ' s Expeditionary Air Wing s , was an expansion of the RAF ' s presence ; previously , prior to Christmas 2012 , No . 6 Squadron RAF had exercised their Eurofighter Typhoon s from the UAE . The Canadian Forces operated a forward logistics support facility in the Middle East which they had codenamed Camp Mirage . It is widely believed that Camp Mirage was located at Al Minhad Air Base from its founding in fall 2001 until its closure in fall 2010 due to an unrelated disagreement over securing additional landing rights for UAE ' s civilian airlines at Canadian airports . The Australian Defence Force maintains a facility at Al Minhad , as do the New Zealand Defence Force and the Military of the Netherlands .
465th Air Refueling Squadron The 465th Air Refueling Squadron ( 465 ARS ) is a United States Air Force Reserve squadron , assigned to the 507th Operations Group , stationed at Tinker Air Force Base , Oklahoma . Overview . The squadron operates KC - 135 Stratotanker aircraft conducting air refueling missions . It is one of three flying organizations in the 507th Air Refueling Wing , incorporating pilots and traditional operations functions . As civilians , many of the pilots assigned to the refueling squadron are employed by commercial airlines . As reservists , they are required to fly the same type sorties as their active - duty counterparts to remain proficient and combat ready . History . World War II . Formed in late 1944 and trained under II Fighter Command in the midwest and Texas . Was equipped with the very long range P - 47N Thunderbolt with a mission to escort B - 29 Superfortress es from their bases in the Marianas to Japan . Following months of delays , the squadron arrived in the Pacific Theater , being assigned to Ie Shima in the Ryukyu Islands on 28 June 1945 from Saipan / Tinian . During forty - six days of combat , the squadron flew forty - six missions . With the end of the war , the squadron was reassigned to Yontan Air Base , Okinawa in January 1946 conducting occupation duty . It was inactivated on 24 May 1946 . Air Defense Command . Activated 18 February 1953 by Air Defense Command at McChord AFB , Washington , equipped with F - 86D Sabre Interceptor s with an air defense mission . Inactivated 18 Aug 1955 IAW Project Arrow when parent 527th ADG inactivated and replaced 325th Fighter Group ( Air Defense ) . Re - activated 8 Oct 1955 at Griffiss AFB , New York and assigned to 32d Air Division with F - 89D Scorpion s ; converted to F - 89H / J Scorpions in the fall of 1956 ; transferred to 4727th Air Defense Group in February 1957 ; moved to Hanscom Air Force Base , Massachusetts and transferred to Boston Air Defense Sector in August 1959 , acquiring F - 86L Sabre Interceptor s in a swap with the 49th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron ; inactivated 15 Mar 1960 as the Sabre was being phased out in favor of supersonic interceptors . Air Force Reserve . It trained for fighter missions between 1972 and 1994 and has flown worldwide air refueling missions since 1994 .
USS Rocket ( AMc - 101 ) USS " Rocket " ( AMc - 101 ) was an " Accentor " - class coastal minesweeper acquired by the U . S . Navy for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing . " Rocket " a coastal minesweeper , was laid down 6 September 1941 by Anderson and Cristofani , San Francisco , California , launched 23 February 1942 , sponsored by Mrs . N . Bruly of San Francisco ; and placed in service 25 March 1942 . World War II service . After shakedown along the California coast and training at the Local Defense School , Treasure Island , California , the new coastal minesweeper was assigned to the Western Sea Frontier Force . Transferred 16 March 1943 to the Naval Local Defense Force 12th Naval District , she continued her sweeps and patrols to protect San Francisco Harbor , a major departure point for men and materiel to the Pacific Ocean fighting fronts . The war officially ended on 2 September and she was placed out of service 30 November 1945 and struck from the Navy list 3 January 1946 . She was transferred to War Shipping Administration ( WSA ) for disposal 30 July 1946 .
9th Cavalry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) The 9th Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Army in World War I . It was formed in France in 1915 and served on the Western Front as part of the 1st Cavalry Division until the end of the war . World War I . Formation . 9th Cavalry Brigade was formed in France on 14 April 1915 with the 15th Hussars and the 19th Hussars . These regular cavalry regiments had been serving on the Western Front since August 1914 as divisional cavalry squadrons assigned to infantry divisions . On the same date , 1 / 1st Warwickshire Battery , Royal Horse Artillery ( TF ) ( transferred from the 2nd Cavalry Division ) and a signal troop joined . On formation , the brigade was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division to bring it up to a three brigade standard . 1st Cavalry Division also obtained a third Cavalry Field Ambulance ( 9th , from England on 23 May ) and a third Mobile Veterinary Section ( 39th , from England on 23 August ) . On 12 June , 1 / 1st Bedfordshire Yeomanry joined from the Eastern Mounted Brigade in England to bring the brigade up to the standard three regiment strength . On 28 February 1916 , a Machine Gun Squadron was formed from the machine gun sections of the brigade ' s constituent regiments . Chronicle . With the 1st Cavalry Division , the brigade took part in most of the major actions where cavalry could be used as a mounted mobile force . At other times it formed a dismounted unit and served in the trenches ( as a regiment under the command of the brigadier ) . Notable amongst these occasions was on 24 – 25 March 1918 when , in the Battle of Bapaume , the division formed a " Dismounted Division " under Brigadier - General D ' Arcy Legard . In 1915 , it took part in the Second Battle of Ypres and the Battle of Flers – Courcelette in 1916 . 1917 saw action at the Battle of Arras and the Battle of Cambrai and in 1918 at the First Battle of the Somme , the Battle of Amiens , the Second Battle of the Somme and the battles of the Hindenburg Line . It then took part in the Final Advance in Artois and the Final Advance in Picardy . By the Armistice , the division was north of Mons , about 9 miles east of Ath on the Fifth Army front . On 16 November 1918 , orders were received that the 1st Cavalry Division would lead the advance of the Second Army into Germany . Moving through Namur , the division crossed the frontier on 1 December and on 7 December the brigade reached the Rhine north of Cologne . On 12 December , the brigade crossed the Rhine on the Hohenzollern Bridge and reached its position on the perimeter of the bridgehead the next day . Commanders . The 9th Cavalry Brigade had the following commanders :
Heinz Meyer Heinz Meyer ( 9 April 1916 – 22 September 1987 ) , was a German Fallschirmjäger during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ( ) . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
United States v . Shi United States v . Shi , 525 F . 3d 709 ( 9th Cir . 2008 ) is a case involving piracy on the high seas . The case held that United States could try foreign nationals on foreign - flagged vessels for crimes committed on the high seas , outside the territory of the United States . Incident and capture of the ' Full Means II ' . A national of the People ' s Republic of China Shi Lei , the cook of the " Full Means II " , a Taiwanese fishing vessel registered in the Republic of the Seychelles , had been demoted to deckhand . In retaliation , he stabbed and killed Captain Chen Chung - She and first mate Li Da Feng when the ship was sailing in international waters off the coast of Hawaii in March 2002 . After killing the men Shi ordered the second mate to “ drive the ship , ” and ordered the other crewmembers to throw the captain ’ s body overboard . He allegedly stated that he would kill anyone who disobeyed him and refused to let his fellow crewmates use the radio . He controlled the ship for two days , setting a course for China and threatening to scuttle the vessel if his instructions were not obeyed . However , on March 16 , 2002 , the crew overpowered Shi and imprisoned him in a storage compartment . The crew then set a course for Hawaii , but did not contact the ship ’ s owners , apparently because none of them knew how to operate the radio . After several days of silence , the owners notified the U . S . Coast Guard that the ship was missing and requested its assistance in recovery . Five days after Shi had seized the ship , a Coast Guard cutter " Kiska " intercepted the ship approximately 60 miles from Hilo , Hawaii . Over the next two days , Shi , who was still imprisoned by the crew in the storage compartment , spoke to a Coast Guard officer and admitted to having killed the two men . FBI agents then boarded the ship and arrested Shi for violating which prohibits acts of violence that endanger maritime navigation . Trial and decision . Shi was charged with one count of seizing control over a ship by force , and two counts of performing an act of violence likely to endanger the safety of the ship . After a jury trial before U . S . District Judge Helen W . Gillmor of the District of Hawaii , Shi was convicted and sentenced to 36 years in prison . The U . S . Attorney General did not authorize the death penalty in this case , although this was requested by the prosecuting attorney . Shi appealed , challenging , among other things , the district court ’ s jurisdiction . However , in 2008 the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit , in an opinion by Judge Diarmuid F . O ’ Scannlain , rejected Shi ’ s claims that he cannot be tried in the USA because piracy is subject to universal jurisdiction , and because Sec . 2280 implements the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation — to which the United States is a party – which expressly provides notice that prohibited conduct may be prosecuted by any state signatory .
Wolf pack Leuthen Leuthen was a wolf pack of German U - boat s that operated during the battle of the Atlantic in World War II . Service history . " Leuthen " was formed in September 1943 and was established to renew the attack on the North Atlantic route . Following the defeats of May 1943 , and the devastating losses incurred by the U - boat Arm ( " U - Bootwaffe " , UBW ) then , Admiral Dönitz had withdrawn from attacks on the North Atlantic route while awaiting tactical and technical improvements . By September 1943 these were ready . " Leuthen " operated against convoys ONS 18 and ON 202 , which were travelling together ; U - boat s from " Leuthen " sank 6 ships ( of 36 , 442 GRT and 3 escorts in this battle , but lost 3 boats ( " U - 229 " , " U - 338 " , and " U - 341 " ) destroyed , and 3 forced to return with damage , in attacks by aircraft and surface vessels . " Leuthen " was disbanded after this assault , at the end of September ; of the remaining 15 boats , 3 returned to base and 12 formed the core of a new patrol line , code - named " Rossbach " . The name . The name " Leuthen " was a reference to the battle of Leuthen fought by Frederick the Great during the Seven Years War .