naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Northeastern Regional Airport Northeastern Regional Airport is a public use airport in Chowan County , North Carolina , United States . It is owned by the town of Edenton and located three nautical miles ( 6 km ) southeast of its central business district . This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011 – 2015 , which categorized it as a " general aviation " facility . History . The airport was originally constructed during World War II by the United States Navy as Marine Corps Air Station Edenton . In this role , it hosted Marine Operational Training Group 81 ( MOTG - 81 ) and its subordinate squadrons . MOTG - 81 trained pilots , aircrewmen and ground crews on the land - based PBJ - 1 medium bomber , a U . S . Navy / U . S . Marine Corps variant of the U . S . Army Air Forces ' B - 25 Mitchell bomber that was operated by Marine bombing squadrons , primarily in the Pacific theater . Following World War II , the installation was redesignated as Naval Auxiliary Air Station Edenton and was operationally administered by Marine Air Base Squadron 14 ( MABS - 14 ) , hosting Marine Corps fighter squadrons flying the F9F - 2 Panther and attack squadrons flying the AD - 4B and AD - 5 Skyraider during the Korean War and early years of the Cold War . NAAS Edenton was decommissioned in 1960 and turned over to the local government for conversion to a civilian airport . The sole operational runway , Runway 1 / 19 , was originally an 8 , 000 foot by 200 foot paved surface when control of the air station was relinquished by the military . Although the entire pavement length remains , the approach ends have been displaced and only a 6 , 000 foot by 100 foot section is currently maintained and usable . A Category I ILS approach has also been installed on Runway 19 , albeit without any precision approach lighting . Although still standing , the former air station ' s air traffic control tower was abandoned upon the military ' s departure and has never reopened , leaving the airport as an uncontrolled airport with UNICOM services only . Several of the other former military buildings have since been converted to multiple civilian aviation and non - aviation uses . Facilities and aircraft . Northeastern Regional Airport covers an area of 734 acres ( 297 hectare ) at an elevation of 20 feet ( 6 m ) above mean sea level . It has one runway designated 1 / 19 with an asphalt surface measuring 6 , 000 by 100 feet ( 1 , 829 x 30 m ) . For the 12 - month period ending June 17 , 2011 , the airport had 14 , 000 aircraft operations , an average of 38 per day : 93 % general aviation , 4 % air taxi , and 4 % military . At that time there were 21 aircraft based at this airport : 90 . 5 % single - engine and 9 . 5 % multi - engine .
Willward Alexander Sandys - Clarke Willward Alexander Sandys - Clarke VC ( 8 June 1919 – 23 April 1943 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . He was educated at Uppingham School . Details . Sandys - Clarke was a 23 year old lieutenant in The Loyal Regiment , British Army during the Second World War when he was awarded the VC . On 23 April 1943 at Guiriat El Atach , Tunisia , Lieutenant Clarke ' s company was counter - attacked and almost wiped out , he being the sole remaining officer . Although wounded in the head , he gathered a composite platoon together and advancing to attack the position again met heavy fire from a machine - gun post . He manoeuvred his men to give covering fire and then tackled the post single - handed , killing or capturing the crew and knocking out the gun . He dealt similarly with two other posts and then led his platoon to the objective , but was killed when he later went forward to tackle two sniper posts single - handed . Further information . Born in Southport , he married Dorothy Irene Deakin at the United Reformed Church in Belmont , Lancashire in 1941 , and they lived in Egerton , near Bolton . Sandys - Clarke was related to four other recipients of the award : The medal is retained by his family and is not on public display .
Wolfgang Ewald Wolfgang Ewald ( 26 March 1911 – 24 February 1995 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . One of the most enduring actions Ewald took part in was a strafing attack on RAF Manston during the Battle of Britain . The attack took place on 18 August 1940 , known as The Hardest Day . Three fighters were destroyed , and six were damaged in the attack . Wolfgang Ewald was shot down by Soviet flak in July 1943 during the Battle of Kursk . He was taken prisoner and was held until 1949 . During his career was credited with 78 aerial victories , 1 in the Spanish Civil War , 1 on the Western Front and 76 on the Eastern Front .
German submarine U - 266 German submarine " U - 266 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . The submarine was laid down on 1 August 1941 at Bremer - Vulkan - Vegesacker Werft in Bremen as yard number 31 . She was launched on 11 May 1942 and commissioned on 24 June under the command of " Oberleutnant zur See " Hannes Leinemann . In two patrols , she sank four ships of 16 , 089 GRT . She was a member of five wolf pack s . She was sunk in May 1943 in mid - Atlantic by a British aircraft . Service history . After training with the 8th U - boat Flotilla , the boat became operational on 1 January 1943 when she was transferred to the 7th flotilla . 1st patrol . " U - 266 " s first patrol began when she departed Kiel on 22 December 1942 . She entered the Atlantic Ocean after negotiating the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands . She sank " Polyktor " on 6 February 1943 . She then docked at the French Atlantic port of St . Nazaire on the 17th . 2nd patrol and loss . The boat departed St . Nazaire on 14 March 1943 for the mid - Atlantic once more . On 5 May , she sank " Bonde " , " Gharinda " and " Selvistan " . The boat was sunk on 15 May by a British Handley Page Halifax of No . 58 Squadron RAF . Forty - seven men died ; there were no survivors . Previously recorded fate . " U - 266 " had been thought to have been sunk on 14 May 1943 by a British B - 24 Liberator of 86 squadron .
INS Airavat ( L24 ) INS " Airavat " ( L24 ) is the third Shardul class amphibious warfare vessel of the Indian Navy . History . INS " Airavat " was built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers in Kolkata at Yard 3016 . She began sea trials in July 2008 after completing basin trials in May . She was commissioned at the Eastern Naval Command in Visakhapatnam on 19 May 2009 , by the Chief of Naval Staff , Admiral Sureesh Mehta . She is named for the mount of god Indra , the elephant Airavata , as mentioned in the Rigveda . Design . Safety features aboard the " Airavat " include anti - roll Flume Stabilisation System , smoke curtains to impede spreading of smoke and toxic gases in case of fire , as well as battle damage control systems . Fully loaded , she can operate independently at high seas for up to 45 days . While primarily designed for amphibious assault operations , Airavat ' s missions also include " Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief " ( HADR ) during natural disasters , including tsunamis , cyclones , earthquakes , etc . She has a full - functioning hospital on - board , the capacity to carry 500 soldiers , and can provide stern refueling for other naval vessels . Primary suppliers for her equipment are Bharat Electronics Limited , Kirloskar , Larsen & Toubro , Hindustan Aeronautics Limited , Keltron and the Godrej Group . Deployments . On 11 July 2011 , " INS Airavat " made a goodwill visit to Sihanoukville , Cambodia . Between 19 and 28 July 2011 , she made courtesy calls at Nha Trang and Hai Phong in Vietnam .
Reuben Davis ( representative ) Reuben Davis ( January 18 , 1813 – October 14 , 1890 ) was a United States Representative from Mississippi . He was born in Winchester , Tennessee into a family of Welsh origin and moved with his parents to Alabama about 1818 . His grandfather Joseph Davis was born in Wales in 1763 and emigrated to Virginia . Reuben Davis attended the public schools . Later , he studied medicine , but practiced only a few years , when he abandoned the profession . He then studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1834 , and commenced practice in Aberdeen , Mississippi . Davis was the prosecuting attorney for the sixth judicial district 1835 – 1839 . He was an unsuccessful Whig candidate for the Twenty - sixth Congress in 1838 . He then served as a judge of the high court of appeals in 1842 , but after four months ’ service resigned . Davis served as colonel of the Second Regiment of Mississippi Volunteers in the Mexican - American War . After the war , he was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives 1855 – 1857 . He was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty - fifth and Thirty - sixth Congresses and served from March 4 , 1857 , to January 12 , 1861 , when he withdrew . During the American Civil War , Davis served in the Confederate Army as brigadier general . After the war , he resumed the practice of law . He was an unsuccessful Greenback candidate for the Forty - sixth Congress in 1878 . He died in Huntsville , Alabama in 1890 and was buried in Odd Fellows Cemetery , Aberdeen , Mississippi .
Aleksander Jeljaszewicz Aleksander Jeljaszewicz " Sasza , " ( pronounced " Sasha " ) most likely due to the family tradition of service in the Russian military , ( born 22 March 1902 in Vilna , Russian Empire , died 18 August 1978 in Gdańsk , Poland ) – an ethnic — Polish ( Lipka ) Tatar . Major of the Polish Army : the commander of the last Tatar / Islamic unit in the Polish military . Early life . Son of Jan ( John ) Captain of the Russian Imperial Army . Between 1912 - 1919 he was a student at Corps of Cadet s in Pskov , and later in Kiev . Evacuated to Turkey and Yugoslavia , he finishes officers ' school as a cavalry officer in 1923 . In 1924 and 1925 , he was serving in the Serb boarder guards ' unit , only to return to Poland in 1925 . In the Polish Army . The same year , he joined the Polish military and was sent to the Cavalry Officers ' School in Grudziadz . He became a professional ( soldier ) officer in 1928 in the " Zaniemianskich " ( " Beyond Niemen River " ) 4th Regiment of Uhlans in Vilnius garrison . In 1938 , he was transferred to the 13th Regiment of Wilno Uhlans " Wilenskich " ( " From Vilnius " ) in Nowa Wilejka ( at present part of Vilnius ) , where he was the commander of the 1st Tatar Squadron ( 1 Szwadron Tatarski ) . The last mounted Tatar unit in the history of the Polish military . In 1939 , he participated in the September Campaign . September Campaign . In the first days of September , the 13th Regiment of Wilno Uhlans " Wilenskich " fought near Piotrkow ; next , it crossed Vistula near Maciejowice . Near Maciejowice on the 9th or 10 September , the executed the last charge against German infantry . The very charge has become a symbol of the closing of the chapter in the history of the Polish military : the end of the last Islamic / Tatar unit . Soon after , 13th Regiment of Wilno Uhlans was dispersed by the enemy during fighting near the village of Suchowola near Lublin . Jeljaszewicz together with the few of his men who have not been dispersed tried to reach the Romanian Bridgehead , but was stopped , and spent the rest of the war in a German oflag . It has to be noted that many individual Polish Tatars did escape the Germans and the Soviets , re — joined the Polish military ; and as of present form a community in Great Britain . One of them was recently investigated by two Jewish organizations because of charges of Anti - Semitism , but was found not guilty , and received official public apologies from both organizations , but not from the accuser . After war . He came back to Poland and lived in Gdansk . He worked in PZU . He was an active member of the local Tatar community paving the way for people like Professor ( " Mirza Selim Juszenski - - Chazbijewicz " last part the clan name or the coat — of — arms ' name ) , the main historian of the Polish Tatars . He was buried in the in Warsaw .
Dai Heiwa Kinen Tō , lit . " The Great Peace Prayer Tower " , is a cenotaph tower in Tondabayashi , Osaka , Japan . General . The official name of the cenotaph tower is literally . The tower is 180 m in height , white in color , and built by the Church of Perfect Liberty in August 1970 . The cenotaph is designated for the soul s of all war victims in history , regardless of race , ethnic group , sovereign state , border , region , religion , religious denomination and creed . The cenotaph is also used as a tomb for unidentified war victims . A ceremony and memorial service , where participants pray for world peace , is held annually on 1 August .
Franz Schneider Franz Schneider was a Swiss engineer and aircraft designer . Although he designed several aircraft types , initially for the French aircraft manufacturer Nieuport , and later for for the German LVG company , he is chiefly remembered for his work in the field of aircraft armament . Schneider was granted the first patent ( on 15 July 1913 ) for an interrupter gear allowing a machine gun to fire between an aircraft ' s spinning propeller blades . Full details of Schneider ' s patent were published in the aviation periodical " Flugsport " in September 1914 but the Prussian War Ministry chose not to pursue the idea . The concept of interrupter gear in combat aircraft was realised later in World War I by Germany after Anthony Fokker developed the idea . He also developed the rotating gun turret which was installed on German " C " type World War I aircraft .
XXV Reserve Corps ( German Empire ) The XXV Reserve Corps ( ) was a corps level command of the German Army in World War I . Formation . XXV Reserve Corps was formed in October 1914 . It was part of the first wave of new Corps formed at the outset of World War I consisting of XXII - XXVII Reserve Corps of 43rd - 54th Reserve Divisions ( plus 6th Bavarian Reserve Division ) . The personnel was predominantly made up of " kriegsfreiwillige " ( wartime volunteers ) who did not wait to be called up . It was still in existence at the end of the war in the 3rd Army , " Heeresgruppe Deutscher Kronprinz " on the Western Front . Structure on formation . On formation in October 1914 , XXV Reserve Corps consisted of two divisions . but was weaker than an Active Corps In summary , XXV Reserve Corps mobilised with 26 infantry battalions , 10 machine gun platoons ( 20 machine guns ) , 2 cavalry detachments , 18 field artillery batteries ( 72 guns ) and 2 pioneer companies . Commanders . XXV Reserve Corps had the following commanders during its existence :
Franz Hrdlicka Franz Hrdlicka ( 15 October 1920 – 25 March 1945 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . During his career Franz Hrdlicka was credited with 60 aerial victories .
Robert D . Lilley Robert Doak Lilley ( January 28 , 1836 – November 12 , 1886 ) was a Confederate brigadier general during the American Civil War . He served in most of the leading battles of the Army of Northern Virginia and led a brigade of infantry in the Shenandoah Valley in the last years of the war . Early life and career . Robert D . Lilley was born near Greenville , Virginia to a military family . His father , James M . Lilley ( 1802 – 1875 ) , a prominent landowner and patented inventor of surveying instruments , was commissioned in 1838 as a colonel in the Virginia militia . Lilley studied at Washington College before beginning a career selling surveying instruments invented by his father . Civil War service . In 1861 , he joined the Confederate army as a captain of the Lee Rifles , which became a company in the 25th Virginia Infantry . The 25th Virginia joined the Army of Northern Virginia as part of Elzey ' s Brigade in the division of Richard S . Ewell and fought with Stonewall Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley . He received a commendation for his actions at the Battle of Cedar Mountain , and again at the Second Battle of Bull Run . After heavy losses throughout 1862 , he was the senior officer in his regiment at the Battle of Antietam and commanded the unit . In January , he was promoted to major , and after the Battle of Gettysburg he was cited again and promoted to lieutenant colonel . He was temporarily promoted to brigadier general on May 31 , 1864 in order to command his brigade in Ramseur ' s Division of the Second Corps . He was left in command of the brigade when it was transferred to the Shenandoah Valley with Jubal A . Early to stop the Union advance there . Lilley was wounded three times , lost an arm , and was captured at Stephenson ' s Depot on July 20 , 1864 . He was rescued four days later at Winchester and then rejoined his brigade . He surrendered in April 1865 and was paroled at Staunton , Virginia on May 23 . Later life and career . In 1869 he became a financial agent at his alma mater , Washington College , renamed Washington and Lee College during his time there . Robert D . Lilley died of paralysis in Richmond , Virginia on November 12 , 1886 , and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery in Staunton .
Le Seigneur de Tais Le Seigneur de Tais was a General of the Foot and a Colonel General of the Infantry of France . He was the commander of the French forces who fought at the Battle of Bonchurch . He also commanded the French infantry at the Battle of Ceresole .
C - 4 ( explosive ) C - 4 or Composition C - 4 is a common variety of the plastic explosive known as Composition C . C4 is composed of explosives , plastic binder , plasticizer and usually a marker or odorizing taggant chemical such as 2 , 3 - dimethyl - 2 , 3 - dinitrobutane ( DMDNB ) to help detect the explosive and identify its source . The explosive in C4 is RDX ( cyclonite or cyclotrimethylene trinitramine ) , which makes up around 91 % of C4 by mass . The plasticizer is diethylhexyl ( 5 . 3 % ) or dioctyl sebacate and the binder is usually polyisobutylene ( 2 . 1 % ) . Another plasticizer used is dioctyl adipate ( DOA ) . A small amount of SAE 10 non - detergent motor oil ( 1 . 6 % ) is also added . C4 is manufactured by combining the noted ingredients with binder dissolved in a solvent . The solvent is then evaporated and the mixture dried and filtered . The final material is an off - white solid with a texture similar to modelling clay . Characteristics and uses . C4 has a detonation velocity of . Advantages . A major advantage of C4 is that it can easily be molded into any desired shape . C4 can be pressed into gaps , cracks , holes and voids in buildings , bridges , equipment or machinery . Similarly , it can easily be inserted into empty shaped charge cases of the type used by military engineers . C4 is very stable and insensitive to most physical shocks . C4 cannot be detonated by a gunshot or by dropping it onto a hard surface . It does not explode when set on fire or exposed to microwave radiation . Detonation can only be initiated by a combination of extreme heat and a shockwave , such as when a detonator inserted into it is fired . Use in the Vietnam War . When ignited with a flame rather than detonated with a primary explosive , C4 just burns , so American soldiers during the Vietnam War era would sometimes use small amounts of it as a fuel for heating rations . However , burning C4 produces poisonous fumes and should be avoided . Michael Herr in " Dispatches " , his book about the Vietnam War , relates that a soldier would occasionally ingest C4 from a Claymore mine in order to cause temporary illness so that he would be sent on sick leave . Although the ruse might work with an inexperienced commander , experienced officers were usually aware of the trick . Similar compounds . The British military uses a very similar plastic explosive known as PE4 . Like C4 , it is an off - white colored solid and its explosive characteristics are nearly identical to C4 . The type and proportion of plasticizer used differs , and PE4 has a slightly greater velocity of detonation , . Semtex is a somewhat similar plastic explosive .
Lord William Beresford Lieutenant - Colonel Lord William Leslie de la Poer Beresford VC KCIE ( 20 July 1847 – 30 December 1900 ) born Mullaghbrack , County Armagh , Ireland was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early years . William Leslie de la Poer Beresford was born on 20 July 1847 , the second son of John de La Poer Beresford , 4th Marquess of Waterford . Beresford was sent to Eton in 1858 . When he was sixteen he left Eton and went to Bonn , where he studied French and German at the home of a tutor . In 1867 , at the age of twenty , he joined the 9th Queen ' s Royal Lancers as a cornet . In 1875 the regiment was sent to India , where it was stationed at Sialkot . Later that year he was appointed A . D . C . to Lord Northbrook , the retiring Viceroy , in Calcutta . He did some racing , and won the Corinthian Purse at a meet attended by the Prince of Wales . Zulu war . Beresford became a captain in the 9th Lancers during the Zulu War of 1879 . On 3 July 1879 at Ulundi , Zululand , South Africa , during the retirement of a reconnoitring party , Captain Lord William Beresford went to the assistance of Sergeant Fitzmaurice of the 24th Regiment , whose horse had fallen and rolled on him . The Zulus were coming in great numbers , but Lord William , with help from Sergeant Edmund O ' Toole of the Frontier Light Horse . , managed to mount the injured man behind him . He was , however , so dizzy that Sergeant O ' Toole , who had been keeping back the advancing Zulus , gave up his carbine and , riding alongside , helped to hold him on until they reached safety . Initially the VC was only awarded to Beresford but he told the Queen that O ' Toole also deserved to receive the VC Later career . Lord William Beresford became a member of the staff of the Viceroy of India . He won the Viceroy ' s cup at the Calcutta Turf Club in 1881 with his black gelding Camballo . He later won it three more times with Myall King . Beresford strongly believed in the merits of English thoroughbreds . He was rivaled in Indian racing circles by the wealthy Calcutta merchant Apcar Alexander Apcar , who owned a stud of Australian race horses , and his partner the barrister Malcolm Peter Gasper . This competition did much to improve the quality of horses in India . In England , Beresford ' s filly Sibola won the 1899 1 , 000 Guineas Stakes , and came second in the Epsom Oaks . In 1899 his two - year - old Democrat beat Diamond Jubilee , winner of the Triple Crown . Democrat did not continue racing , but later was Lord Kitchener ' s charger in India . Lord William Beresford achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel . In 1895 he married Lillian , widow of George Spencer - Churchill , 8th Duke of Marlborough , and daughter of Cicero Price . He died at Deepdene , Dorking , Surrey 30 December 1900 from perotinitis at the age of 53 . He had one child , William Warren de la Poer Beresford ( 4 February 1897 - 28 January 1919 ) . References . Citations Sources Bibliography . Listed in order of year of publication