naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
MCEM 2 submachine gun MCEM - 2 ( Machine Carbine Experimental Model 2 ) submachine gun was produced only in prototype form , but it is worth to mention by the simple fact that it is one of the very first submachine guns to combine wrap - around bolt and magazine in pistol grip - features , later copied in the Czechoslovak Sa vz . 23 , Israeli Uzi and a great number of other submachine guns . MCEM - 2 was the second prototype in a line of experimental submachine guns , designed in Britain in 1944 . It was envisioned as a possible replacement for the STEN submachine gun then in service . The MCEM - 2 was developed by Jerzy Podsedkowski , a Polish constructor involved in work on Vis and Mors , who fled from occupied Poland to Britain . It is believed that prototypes of MCEM - 2 were made before the end of WW2 , and its derivatives MCEM - 4 and MCEM - 6 were tested soon after the war . The latter modifications differed mostly in adoption of the rate - reducing mechanism , incorporated into trigger unit ; the rate of fire therefore was decreased from 1000 to more realistic 700 rounds per minute . Nevertheless , neither prototype was found suitable for adoption , and several years later British army adopted a more conventional submachine gun , the Sterling - Patchett . MCEM - 2 is blowback - operated , selective fired weapon which fires from an open bolt . The bolt is of the " telescoped " , or " wrap - around " type , with most of its mass being in front of the breech face . The receiver is made from steel tube , and pistol grip with trigger unit is attached below . The magazine is inserted into the pistol grip - a feature copied from Mors . Safety and fire mode selector are incorporated into one three - position switch , located in front of the trigger on the left side of the trigger unit housing . The gun was developed along with a large semi - rigid holster , which can be attached to the receiver of the gun to form the shoulder stock .
2nd Bombay Pioneers The 2nd Bombay Pioneers was a regiment of the British Indian Army . The regiment was formed in 1922 , when the infantry of the Indian Army moved from single battalion to multi battalion regiments . They were renamed The Corps of Bombay Pioneers in 1929 , and were disbanded for reasons of economy in 1933 . Constituents . The five Bombay pioneer regiments in existence prior to 1922 were re - designated as follows when they were merged into the 2nd Bombay Pioneers that year : Battle honours . North West Frontier 1930 - 31
SM UC - 95 SM " UC - 95 " was a German Type UC III minelaying submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . The U - boat was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 19 February 1918 . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 16 September 1918 as SM " UC - 95 " . As with the rest of the completed UC III boats , " UC - 95 " conducted no war patrols and sank no ships . She was surrendered on 22 November 1918 and broken up in Fareham in 1922 .
Martin Jenkins Crawford Martin Jenkins Crawford ( March 17 , 1820 – July 23 , 1883 ) was an antebellum U . S . Representative and a representative to the Provisional Confederate Congress during the American Civil War from the state of Georgia . Life and career . Martin J . Crawford was born March 17 , 1820 in Jasper County , Georgia . He attended Brownwood Institute and Mercer University in Macon , Georgia . After studying law , he was admitted to the State Bar of Georgia in 1839 . Crawford started his practice in Hamilton , Georgia — where Crawford was also involved with farming . From 1845 – 47 , Crawford served in the Georgia House of Representatives . After moving to Columbus , Georgia , in 1849 , he served as a delegate to the Southern convention at Nashville in May 1850 . From February 1 , 1854 , to November 1854 , Crawford was a judge of the superior court s of the Chattahoochee circuit . In 1854 , Crawford was elected as a Democrat to the 34th United States Congress to represent Georgia ' s 2nd congressional district . He was reelected to two additional terms in the seat ( 35th and 36th Congresses ) , and his congressional service spanned from March 4 , 1855 , until his resignation on January 23 , 1861 , with Georgia having seceded the Union on January 22 . After resigning the U . S . Congress , Crawford was elected to the Confederate Provisional Congress , serving from January 1861 to February 22 , 1862 . Confederate President Jefferson Davis appointed Crawford as a special commissioner to the United States in Washington , D . C . Martin J . Crawford organized the 3rd Regiment , Georgia Cavalry in May 1862 to support the Confederate States Army , operating with the Army of Tennessee . Under Crawford ' s command the 3rd Regiment saw combat , fighting in Kentucky with General Wheeler . The next campaign at New Haven saw most of the regiment taken prisoner — the retreating contingent fought at the Battle of Murfreesboro — then reconstituted under Colonel J . J . Morrison . The Georgia 3rd surrendered on April 26 , 1865 with the Army of Tennessee — surrendering field officers were Colonels Martin J . Crawford , Richard E . Kennon , and Robert Thompson ; Lieutenant Colonel James T . Thornton ; and Majors Daniel F . Booton and Hiram H . Johnson . After the war , Crawford became judge of the superior court of the Chattahoochee circuit on October 1 , 1875 to fill a vacancy . He was reappointed in 1877 and served on that bench until he resigned on February 9 , 1880 . The next day , he was appointed to a vacant position on the Supreme Court of Georgia and served on that court until his death in Columbus . He was buried in that city ' s Linwood Cemetery .
German submarine U - 49 ( 1939 ) German submarine " U - 49 " was a Type VIIB U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was ordered on 21 November 1936 in defiance of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and laid down on 15 September 1938 at the yards of Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft AG in Kiel as " Werk 584 " . Launched on 24 June 1939 , she was commissioned on 12 August and assigned to the 7th U - Boat Flotilla under the command of Kurt von Goßler . War Patrols . First patrol . Following training exercises , " U - 49 " departed on her first active patrol on 9 November 1939 . She was attacked by allied forces twice during this time . On 13 November she was bombed by British aircraft and forced down to 160 meters ( 525 feet ) , suffering minor damage . Three days later , she was located by the British destroyers and and depth charged . The submarine was forced to dive to to escape . At 09 . 35 hours on 19 November " U - 49 " came into contact with the 4 , 258 ton British merchant ship carrying a cargo of 6 , 985 tons of maize . A bow torpedo at 11 . 15 hours and a stern shot at 11 . 24 both missed their mark , but a third fired at 12 . 19 hit , and the ship sank slowly by the stern at position . The ship ' s master and crew were picked up by HMS " Echo " and later landed at Plymouth by HMS " Wanderer " . Second patrol . " U - 49 " < nowiki > ' s < / nowiki > second patrol began 29 February 1940 at Kiel and lasted only six days in the North Sea . No ships were attacked on this patrol , and she made port at Wilhelmshaven on 5 March 1940 . Third patrol . On 11 March 1940 , U - 49 departed Wilhelmshaven for the Norwegian coast , in 19 days at sea , no ships were attacked and the submarine returned to Wilhelmshaven on 29 March 1940 . Fourth patrol . 3 April 1940 saw the beginning of " U - 49 " { ' } fourth and final patrol . In thirteen days off the Norwegian coast , no ships were attacked . Fate . On 15 April 1940 , " U - 49 " was sunk near Harstad , Norway in position by depth charge s from the British destroyer s and . Of her crew of 42 , one man died but there were 41 survivors . Wreck Site . The wreck of " U - 49 " was found on 3 March 1993 by the Norwegian submarine . She lies at a depth of 300 meters ( 984 feet ) .
USS Constant ( AM - 427 ) USS Constant , ( AM - 427 / MSO - 427 ) was an Aggressive class minesweeper vessel in the United States Navy . " Constant " was laid down on 16 August 1951 at Fulton Shipyard , Antioch , California and launched on 14 February 1953 . She was commissioned as " Constant " , AM - 427 ) on 8 September 1954 and later reclassified as an Ocean Minesweeper MSO - 427 on 7 February 1955 . Pacific Ocean operations . " Constant " operated on the west coast until she cleared Long Beach , California , 4 January 1956 for Pearl Harbor and Yokosuka , Japan , arriving 4 February . She joined in amphibious exercises at Iwo Jima , made repairs to cables and conducted minesweeping and local operations from her base at Sasebo until 28 March . Between 2 April and 19 May , she sailed in training exercises with naval forces of the Republic of China based on Kaohsiung , Taiwan . She returned to Sasebo 20 April to resume operations in Japan ese waters until 19 May , when she cleared Yokosuka , Japan , for Long Beach , California , arriving 15 June . Stateside Overhaul . After overhaul and west coast operations , " Constant " sailed from Long Beach , California , 2 June 1958 , for Sasebo and duty in minesweeping off Okinawa , as well as other local operations from 3 July to 30 August . She stood by at Taiwan from 2 September until 27 October during the Quemoy Crisis , then called at Hong Kong , before returning to Japan . She cleared Yokosuka , Japan , 12 December for Long Beach , California , arriving 6 January 1959 . Through the remainder of 1959 , and the first half of 1960 , she operated locally from Long Beach . On 31 August " Constant " sailed for duty in the Far East , where she remained into 1961 . In the mid - 1980s , she participated in one or more extended endurance Naval Reserve summer training cruises ( with reservists embarked ) from her homeport in San Diego to as far away as the Naval Air Station in Adak , AK . In June , 1985 , USS Constant called at the following ports : U . S . Coast Guard Station Juneau , AK , and at U . S . Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak Island , AK . Decommissioning . " Constant " was decommissioned , 30 September 1992 ; struck from the Naval Register , 9 March 1994 ; sold for scrapping to Crowley Marine , removal date 29 September 1999 ; scrapped , 1 April 2001 .
Felix Brannigan Felix Brannigan ( 1844 - June 10 , 1907 ) was an Irish soldier who received the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War . Biography . Brannigan enlisted in the Army from Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania in April 1861 . He was assigned to the 74th New York Infantry and was promoted to First Sergeant in June 1862 , was reduced in rank to Private in October . He transferred to the 40th New York Infantry in August 1864 , and was later commissioned as an officer in the 103rd US Colored Infantry . He received the Medal of Honor on June 29 , 1866 for his actions at the Battle of Chancellorsville . Medal of Honor citation . Citation : Volunteered on a dangerous service and brought in valuable information .
Headquarters and Headquarters Squadron A Headquarters & Headquarters Squadron , abbreviated as H & HS or HQHQSQDN , is the headquarters entity for a United States Marine Corps aviation facility . Organization . A H & HS usually consists of the headquarters group ( the station commanding general or officer ) , the squadron headquarters ( commanding officer and his staff ) , public affairs and journalism , facilities planning & maintenance , a motor pool , air traffic control , meteorology , fuels , ordnance , other aviation support , Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting , a Provost Marshal , the Station Judge Advocate ' s Office , some sort of United States Navy medical facility , and Marine Corps Community Service , which usually hosts things like a post exchange , a commissary , gas stations , barber shops , library , movie theater , family services , Single Marine Program , and the like .
Max Kurze Max Kurze ( 22 June 1911 – 25 November 1997 ) was a highly decorated Major der Reserve in the Wehrmacht during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .
79th Reserve Division ( German Empire ) The 79th Reserve Division ( " 79 . Reserve - Division " ) was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I . The division was formed at the end of December 1914 and organized over the next month , arriving in the line in early February 1915 . It was part of the second large wave of new divisions formed at the outset of World War I , which were numbered the 75th through 82nd Reserve Divisions . The division was initially part of XXXX Reserve Corps . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . Two regiments of the division were raised through Prussian Guard recruit depots throughout the kingdom , while the third was raised in Prussian Saxony . Combat chronicle . The 79th Reserve Division initially fought on the Eastern Front , seeing its first action in the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes . In 1915 , it fought in the siege of Kovno and the battles on the Neman River and at Vilnius . From October 1915 to November 1916 , the division was engaged in positional warfare , after which it was transferred to the Western Front . It was in reserve and then engaged in positional warfare in Flanders and the Artois until April 1917 , when it fought in the Battle of Arras . Later in 1917 , it fought in the Battles of Passchendaele and Cambrai . The division participated in the German 1918 Spring Offensive , fighting in the First Battle of the Somme ( 1918 ) , also called the Second Battle of the Somme ( to distinguish it from the 1916 battle ) . It saw action in the Second Battle of the Marne and continued fighting against the various Allied offensives until the end of the war . Allied intelligence rated the division as third class . Order of battle on formation . The 79th Reserve Division , like the other divisions of its wave and unlike earlier German divisions , was organized from the outset as a triangular division . The order of battle of the division on December 29 , 1914 was as follows : Order of battle on February 23 , 1918 . The most significant wartime structural change in the divisions of this wave was the reduction from two field artillery regiments to one . Over the course of the war , other changes took place , including the formation of artillery and signals commands and the enlargement of combat engineer support to a full pioneer battalion . The order of battle on February 23 , 1918 was as follows :
Second Battle of Guararapes The Second Battle of Guararapes was the second and decisive battle in a conflict called Pernambucana Insurrection , between Dutch and Portuguese forces in 1649 at Jaboatão dos Guararapes in the state of Pernambuco , ending the Dutch occupation of the Portuguese colony of Brazil . History . Though the Dutch West India Company fielded a larger , better equipped force , they suffered morale problems as most of their army was made up of mercenaries from Europe ( primarily Germany ) who felt no real passion for the war in Brazil , as opposed to the Natives and Portuguese settlers who considered Brazil to be their home and were fighting for a patriotic cause . The Dutch force was also unused to fighting in the dense jungle and humid conditions of the country , wearing thick , brightly coloured European clothing and heavy metal armour which inhibited their dexterity . Contemporary accounts describe Dutch troops at the battle as " pale and sickly " . The Dutch army at Guararapes were armed with pike s , cannon and an assortment of blade d weapons . It is thought by historians that the use of short blades by the Dutch was an attempt to imitate previously successful Portuguese weaponry and tactics . The Portuguese force was made up of an assortment of natives , blacks and whites who knew , and had experience fighting in , the difficult Brazilian terrain . They would weaken Dutch troops with fusillades of musket fire from behind trees , and then charge with mêlée weapons . The Dutch had expected the enemy to march down the well established coastal roads , and thus formed a lines of defence covering these roads . However , the Portuguese force used a series of minor trails to reach Pernambuco , appearing out of the wetlands to the west and Guararapes Hills ( from which the battle derived its name ) and flanking the Dutch . After several hours of fighting , the Dutch retreated northwards to Recife , leaving their artillery behind . Following the Dutch retreat , the Portuguese army marched into Pernambuco .
Erich Schroedter Erich Schroedter ( 1 May 1919 – 7 December 1994 ) was a German soldier born in Munich on 1 May 1919 . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Military career . Schroedter commenced training as an Officer Cadet in the " Kradschützen Bataillon " of the " 3 . Panzer - Division " in Bad Freienwalde and attended the " Kriegsschule " in Hannover during 1938 and 1939 . August 1939 saw Schroedter commissioned as a " Leutnant " and platoon commander in the " Kradschützen Bataillon " of the 8 " Schnelle " ( Fast ) Division . He served in this capacity during the Polish Campaign , winning the Iron Cross Second Class on 5 October 1939 . During the French Campaign , he served as Divisional Ordnance Officer , winning the Iron Cross First Class on 7 July 1940 . Schroedter then saw action during the Invasion of Yugoslavia as Adjutant in the " Kradschützen Bataillon " of " 8 . Panzer Division " . In this period he qualified for the Panzer Assault Badge in Bronze . Taking part in the Invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 , Schroedter saw intense action and was twice severely wounded , requiring long periods of hospitalisation . In October 1941 , he was promoted to " Oberleutnant " . In May 1942 , Schroedter was posted as Squadron Commander to the " Panzer Aufklärungs Abteilung Großdeutschland " and was quickly back in the thick of the fighting . He again suffered severe wounds and was awarded the Wound Badge in Gold on 8 June 1944 . The following month he was awarded the German Cross in Gold . During August 1944 , " Hauptmann " Schrodter attended a training course for Battalion Commanders of Armoured Reconnaissance units and on 22 September he was appointed Commander of " Panzer Aufklärungsabteilung Großdeutschland " . During the Soviet Offensive in Courland , Schroedter and his " Panzer Aufklärungsabteilung " were at the spearhead of a German counter - attack aimed at holding Soviet Forces and freeing encircled German Forces North - West of Memel . Schroedter ' s unit acquitted itself very well , allowing the German units to escape and causing heavy Soviet losses . For this he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross on 23 October 1944 and on 30 January 1945 , was promoted to " Major " . In Mid - February , 1945 , Soviet Forces were attempting to crush the German units around Königsberg , while units of the 2nd Belorussian Front had swept north , taking Elbing and cutting off German access to the west . The Soviets launched furious attacks on the encircled Germans . Almost impossible demands of the German soldier were made in those hectic days . Schroedter ' s " Abteilung " was no different ; time and time again it launched itself at overwhelming Soviet forces and caused them heavy losses . During one ferocious engagement , Schroedter was responsible for destroying ten Soviet tanks . For his distinguished service during this phase of the battle , he was awarded the 808th Knight ' s Cross with Oakleaves on 28 March 1945 .
HMS Hero ( 1759 ) HMS " Hero " was a 74 - gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , designed by Sir Thomas Slade and launched on 28 March 1759 from Plymouth Dockyard . She was the only ship built to her draught . She was converted to a prison ship in 1793 , and was eventually broken up in 1810 .
John Kenneth Macalister John Kenneth Macalister ( July 19 , 1914 , Guelph , Ontario , Canada - September 14 , 1944 , Buchenwald ) was a Canadian hero of World War II . Ken Macalister graduated the Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute ( GCVI ) and from the University of Toronto , then as a Rhodes Scholar studied at Oxford University . He was expanding his education further at the Institute of Corporate Law in Paris , France when World War II began in 1939 . When he took the bar exam , Macalister placed first among over 150 candidates in the British Empire . Macalister tried to join the infantry but his eyesight was such that he needed thick glasses and as such could not be placed on active duty . However , fluent in the French language , Macalister volunteered for the Special Operations Executive ( SOE ) F Section where as an agent in France , his thick glasses would actually add to his disguise . Together with fellow Canadian , Frank Pickersgill , Ken Macalister was parachuted into occupied France on June 20 , 1943 to work as wireless operator for the " Archdeacon " network in the Ardennes area . They were met by agent Yvonne Rudellat , but were stopped by the Gestapo who had been tipped by an informer . Some believe that the Germans recognized him as an agent by virtue of his rather poor French accent . Although they tried to get away , shots were fired and Rudellat was hit causing the car to crash . They were taken to Fresnes prison where they were interrogated and tortured repeatedly . Macalister steadfastly refused to reveal his security checks to the Germans who had his codes and were anxious to send misleading messages back to the SOE ' s London headquarters . Macalister gave his interrogators nothing and when his captors tried to send messages , SOE recognized them as fake . Unable to get anything of value from him , the security forces shipped Macalister , along with Frank Pickersgill and Roméo Sabourin to Buchenwald concentration camp on August 27 , 1944 . They were known as the Robert Benoist group , executed at Buchenwald on September 14 , 1944 . Captain Ken Macalister is honored on the Brookwood Memorial , Surrey in Brookwood , Surrey , England and as one of the SOE agents who died for the liberation of France , he is listed on the " Roll of Honor " on the Valençay SOE Memorial in the town of Valençay , in the Indre département of France . In Guelph , there ’ s a park named after him with a maple tree representing his time in Canada , an oak his British sojourn , and a linden his time in France . The University of Toronto has designated a Pickersgill - Macalister garden on the west side of the " Soldiers ' Tower " monument .