naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Thomas Orde Lawder Wilkinson Thomas Orde Lawder Wilkinson VC ( 29 June 1894 - 5 July 1916 ) , was an English - born Canadian and British Army officer who was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Early life . Wilkinson was born and raised in his early years in Bridgnorth , Shropshire , England and attended Wellington College where he showed both academic and athletic prowess . The family emigrated to Canada before the outbreak of World War I . Military career . In 1914 , Wilkinson joined the 16th Battalion , Canadian Scottish . After the regiment arrived in England he transferred as a temporary Lieutenant to the 7th Battalion of the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment as Gunnery Officer . He was in this role with the regiment during the opening days of the Battle of the Somme when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross at the age of 22 . On 5 July 1916 at La Boiselle , France , during an attack , when a party of men from another unit were retiring without their machine - gun , Lieutenant Wilkinson with two of his men , got the gun into action and held up the enemy until relieved . Later he forced his way forward during a bombing attack and found four or five men from different units stopped by a wall of earth over which the enemy was throwing bombs . He at once mounted the machine - gun on top of the parapet and dispersed the bombers . Subsequently , in trying to bring in a wounded man , he was killed . As his body was never recovered intact , Wilkinson is commemorated with thousands of other British and Commonwealth soldiers on the British Memorial to the Missing at Thiepval . His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Imperial War Museum in London , England .
Robert Addison Gillespie Robert Addison Gillespie ( 1815 – 1846 ) was a business man , land speculator , and Captain in the Texas Rangers under John Coffee Hays and Zachary Taylor . Gillespie died in the Battle of Monterrey . Gillespie County , Texas was named in his honor . Early life . Gillespie was born on June 12 , 1815 in Blount County , Tennessee , one of three sons of Robert Gillespie and his wife Patsy Houston Gillespie . By the time Gillespie was twenty - two years old , he and his brothers James and Matthew were operating the Gillespie and Brothers mercantile and land speculation business in Matagorda , Texas . Within two years , the three brothers had relocated their business to La Grange . Texas Rangers . Gillespie participated in the 1840 upper Colorado River expedition with Colonel John Henry Moore of the Old Three Hundred , during the period when Moore was engaging the Comanche in battle . From September 1842 to January 7 , 1843 , Gillespie held the rank of Private in a Texas Rangers company under John Coffee Hays , and participated in the 1842 Battle of Salado Creek . From June 1 , 1843 to September 30 , 1843 , Private Gillespie was part of the Hays Spy Company . February 25 , 1844 to June 26 , 1844 , Hayes was still enlisted as a private in the Rangers under Hays . Gillespie served under Hayes during the 1844 Battle of Walker ' s Creek between Hayes and Comanche chief Yellow Wolf , described by James Wilson Nichols in his journal " Now You Hear My Horn " , and suffered a lance wound during the battle . Gillespie rose to the rank of First Lieutenant for the Hayes Texas Rangers roster of February 12 , 1845 to September 28 , 1845 . On September 28 , Gillespie formed the San Antonio Mounted Rangers , as part of the Hayes Battalion of Texas Mounted Rangers , and served as its Captain until March 28 , 1846 . The Rangers joined Zachary Taylor during the Battle of Monterrey . The first Ranger to breach the fort at the Independence Hill summit , Gillespie was wounded during the assault on Bishop ' s Palace on September 22 , 1846 . He succumbed to his wounds on September 23 . Legacy . His body was returned to San Antonio for burial . On April 21 , 1856 , Gillespie was buried in the Odd Fellows Cemetery . Gillespie County , Texas was named in honor of Captain Gillespie .
HMS Ibis ( U99 ) HMS " Ibis " ( U99 ) was a " Black Swan " - class sloop of the Royal Navy , named after the Ibis . " Ibis " , built by Furness Shipbuilding Co . Ltd . , Haverton Hill - on - Tees , Co . Durham , was laid down on 22 September 1939 , launched on 28 November 1940 , and completed 30 August 1941 . " Ibis " was sunk by an airborne torpedo from an Italian aircraft in the Western Mediterranean , north of Algiers on 10 November 1942 .
Canon de 105 court mle 1935 B The Canon de 105 court modèle 1935 B was a French howitzer used in World War II . It was designed by the State Arsenal at Bourges to replace the Canon de 105 court mle 1934 Schneider . Some 610 were originally ordered , although production was terminated in 1939 in favor of anti - tank guns . Only some 232 were in service when the German attacked in May 1940 . Captured weapons were used by the German Heer as the 10 . 5 cm leFH 325 ( f ) and assigned to training and second - line occupation units . Design . Its most interesting feature was that the wheels , which were pressed steel with either solid rims or pneumatic tires , moved with the trail legs and " toed - in " when the gun was in action to provide more cover for the crew .
Pierre van Ryneveld General Sir Helperus Andreas van Ryneveld , ( 2 May 1891 – 2 December 1972 ) was a South African military commander . He was the founding commander of the South African Air Force ( SAAF ) . He began his military career in World War I , in which he served in the Royal Flying Corps ( later Royal Air Force ) , where he distinguished himself as a fighter ace . After the war , van Ryneveld was called back to South Africa by the Prime Minister Jan Smuts in order to set up the SAAF . He flew back home , across Africa , in a Vickers Vimy - a pioneering feat for which he and his co - pilot Quintin Brand were both knighted . Colonel van Ryneveld established the SAAF in 1920 , and directed it until 1933 , when he was promoted to Chief of the General Staff ( CGS ) , in command of the Union Defence Forces . However , for the next four years the SAAF remained under van Ryneveld ' s direct control as no one was appointed as the Air Force ' s director until 1937 . He served as CGS for sixteen years , including the whole of World War II . He retired in 1949 . Honours and awards . The Pretoria suburb of Pierre van Ryneveld Park was named in his honour and the airport just north of Upington in the Northern Cape is also named after van Ryneveld . Sir Pierre van Ryneveld High School is in Kempton Park , Gauteng . The SAAF ' s annual air power symposium , is known as the Sir Pierre Van Ryneveld Air Power Symposium . The citation for his Knighthood reads as follows :
Parabellum MG 14 / 17 The Parabellum MG14 was a 7 . 9 mm caliber World War I machine gun built by Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken . It was a complete redesign of the Maschinengewehr 08 machine gun ( itself an adaptation of the Maxim gun ) system intended for use on aircraft and zeppelins that used a toggle action that broke upwards rather than downwards opposite the MG 08 , making for a much more compact receiver . The fusee spring was dispensed with for an internal spring design , the breech block was completely different and the shells dropped out the bottom of the receiver rather than forward through a hole in receiver . There appears to be no action or receiver parts interchangeable with the MG 08 . The MG08 ' s belt - style ammunition feed was enclosed in a drum , the recoil casing was lightened , and the cooling jacket was modified for air - instead of water - cooling . The rate of fire was 700 rounds / minute . The belt was reduced to 30 mm in diameter . The MG 14 and following on MG 14 / 17 did make one important contribution to the fixed forward - firing LMG 08 ' s and LMG ' s 08 / 15 ' s in that their 30mm wide cloth ammunition belt was compatible with those weapons as the fixed forward - firing guns used used fixed ammunition feed guides , and , if all surviving photographs are to be used as a reference , these belts were used exclusively by the Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte for all fixed forward - firing guns . The belts can be readily identified by two grommets ( instead of three for the wider MG 08 and MG 08 / 15 belts used by ground forces ) and the lack of extended brass tab ( also used by the MG 08 and Mg 08 / 15 ground guns ) . This not only reduced weight and bulk but it also allowed for much lighter and smaller empty belt chutes that came out of all LMG 08 ' s and LMG 08 / 15 ' s and led down into storage bins in the aircraft . At least three versions survive till today , a water cooled , an air cooled , and a 14 / 17 version with a 3x telescopic sight .
SS Empire Aldgate Empire Aldgate was a 3 , 485 ton heavy lift ship which was built in 1945 . She was renamed Thackeray in 1948 , Sugar Refiner in 1951 , San Patricio in 1958 and San Miguel in 1965 . She was abandoned by her owners in 1965 and scrapped in 1967 . History . " Empire Aldgate " was built by W Gray Ltd , West Hartlepool as yard number 1180 . She was launched on 10 May 1945 and completed in July . " Empire Aldgate " was built for the Ministry of War Transport and operated under the management of Glen & Co Ltd . In 1948 , " Empire Alderney " was sold to the Rodney Steamship Co , London and renamed " Thackeray " . She served with them for until 1951 when she was sold to Silvertown Services Ltd , London and renamed " Sugar Refiner " . She was operated under the management of R S Dalgleish & Co , Newcastle upon Tyne until January 1953 when management passed to Kentships Ltd . In 1958 , she was sold to Valck & Monkton , Valparaiso , Chile and renamed " San Patricio " . They sold her to the Worldwide Maritime Co , Liberia in 1962 . In 1965 , " San Patricio " was sold to the Altair Maritime Corporation , Liberia who renamed her " San Miguel " . On 12 September 1965 , " San Miguel " put into Las Palmas due to problems with her boilers . She was en route from Jacksonville to Tarragona . She was towed to Tarragona in October 1965 and then abandoned by her owners . In August 1967 , " San Miguel " was towed to Cartagena , where she was scrapped in September of that year . Official number and code letters . Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers . " Empire Aldgate " had the UK Official Number 180083 from 1945 – 58 and used the Code Letters MPBM .
Curtiss XP - 31 Swift The Curtiss XP - 31 Swift ( Wright Field Project Number XP - 934 ) was a 1930s American experimental monoplane fighter built by Curtiss for the United States Army Air Corps . Although the XP - 31 featured the first enclosed cockpit on a U . S . pursuit aircraft , it was also the last pursuit aircraft to have fixed landing gear and externally braced wings . Despite its innovations , the XP - 31 did not offer any advantages compared to its rival the Boeing P - 26 Peashooter and was not ordered into series production . Design and development . Curtiss offered the XP - 31 ( given the Wright Field Project Number XP - 934 ) in a 1932 competition with the P - 26 . It was a low - wing monoplane with fixed , strut - braced landing gear , first flown in July . It was the AAC ' s first single - seat closed - cockpit fighter , and the last with fixed gear and wing struts . Despite its quite small size , it was badly overweight , and carried 125 gal ( 104 Imp gal , 474 l ) fuel . Although Curtiss considered the design significant in that it introduced various new technologies , compared to its contemporaries , the XP - 31 was already outmoded , and , more importantly , testing showed that it fell below performance expectations . Testing and evaluation . Powered by a 700 hp ( 520 kW ) R - 1750 Cyclone radial , its performance was dismal , despite retractable leading edge slot s and large trailing - edge flaps , so a 600 hp ( 450 kW ) Curtiss V - 1570 Conqueror was substituted . In this form , the Curtiss XP - 31 Swift ( s / n 33 - 178 ) was delivered on 1 March 1933 , having already lost to the P - 26 . The sole example was scrapped in 1935 .
Samuel Harvey Samuel Harvey VC ( 17 September 1881 – 22 September 1960 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . He was 34 years old , and a private in the 1st Battalion , York and Lancaster Regiment , British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 29 September 1915 in the " Big Willie " Trench near the Hohenzollern Redoubt , France , during a heavy bombing attack , more bombs were urgently required and private Harvey volunteered to fetch them . The communication trench was blocked with wounded and reinforcements and he went backwards and forwards across open ground under intense fire and succeeded in bringing up 30 boxes before he was wounded in the head . It was largely owing to his cool bravery in supplying the bombs that the enemy was eventually driven back . Harvey received the French Legion of Honour ( 5th Class ) and the Cross of St . George ( Russia ) . Samuel Harvey was Buried in Ipswich Old Cemetery on 26 September 1960 in Grave - X - 21 - 3 ( Section , Division , Grave no )
813th Strategic Aerospace Division The 813th Strategic Aerospace Division ( 813th SAD ) is an inactive United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with Strategic Air Command , assigned to Fifteenth Air Force , being stationed at Malmstrom Air Force Base , Montana . It was inactivated on 2 July 1966 . Activated in 1954 as an intermediate command echelon of Strategic Air Command , providing command and control , of B - 47 Stratojet medium bomber wings in Florida . Inactivated in 1956 due to budget constraints . Reactivated in 1959 as a B - 47 Division in the upper Northwest , acquiring control of ICBM missile Wings in 1962 . It maintained the capability to conduct long range bombardment operations and strategic missile warfare . In addition , the 813th supported Air Reserve and National Guard programs , established applicable safety programs , and administered the security protection program . Inactivated in 1966 along with the phaseout of Titan I and Atlas ICBMs . History . Components . Wings Squadron
NSV machine gun The NSV ( Russian НСВ Никитина - Соколова - Волкова ) is a 12 . 7 mm caliber heavy machine gun of Soviet origin , named after the designers , G . I . Nikitin ( Г . И . Никитин ) , Y . S . Sokolov ( Ю . М . Соколов ) and V . I . Volkov ( В . И . Волков ) . It was designed to replace the DShK machine gun and was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1971 . It is no longer being manufactured in Russia ; the manufacturing license for the NSV ended up in Kazakhstan after the break - up of the Soviet Union , but the new Kord machine gun has been developed instead and is used to replace worn - out units . The NSV has been manufactured in Bulgaria , India , Poland and Yugoslavia under license . The NSV weighs 25 kg , has a rate of fire of 13 rounds per second , and an effective range of 1 , 500 meters . A fully loaded ammunition belt with 50 rounds weighs 11 kg . The NSV is used on the T - 72 tank , while the NSVT variant is used on the T - 64 and T - 80 tanks . History . The Soviet Army began looking for a new heavy machine gun to replace its older SGM and DShK machine guns in the early 1950s . The Soviet Army liked the idea behind the German MG - 42 ; a versatile weapon used on a variety of mounts to perform many different roles . Two Soviet weapon designers were asked to design one weapon each utilizing the same principle . Testing approved Mikhail Kalashnikov ' s solution ; it was found to be more reliable and cheaper to manufacture than the design of Grigory Nikitin and Yuri Sokolov . Kalashnikov ' s machine gun became the new standard machine gun , and was named PK . Nikitin ' s and Sokolov ' s design was however not forgotten . It was developed into the heavy NSV machine gun about 10 years later and selected in 1969 as the successor to the DShK / DShKM machine gun . It was accepted in service by the Soviet Army in 1971 . The machine gun was also license - manufactured in Bulgaria , India , Yugoslavia and Poland . The Yugoslavian version of the NSVT is called the M87 . Production of the NSV has ended in Russia , and it is currently being replaced by the Kord heavy machine gun . The Russian Army needed a more accurate heavy machine gun , and it has also been increasingly difficult to get hold of spare parts . NSV production was located in Ukraine and in Kazakhstan and was disrupted by the end of the Soviet Union . Use in Finland . The NSV is called 12 , 7 Itkk 96 or " 12 , 7 ilmatorjuntakonekivääri 96 " ( and , in military slang , the " itko " ) in Finland . It is often used as a vehicle mounted machine gun , and can be seen on the Pasi armoured personnel carrier , the Nasu transport vehicle and the Leopard 2R tank . Due to its high rate of fire , the NSV is intended to be used as a close - range anti - aircraft weapon against helicopter s , UAVs and aircraft . In dismounted ground combat it is placed on a special mount . The Finnish Navy also uses the NSV in the anti - aircraft role , where it complements other unguided anti - aircraft weapons like the 23 ITK 95 , Bofors 40 Mk3 or Bofors 57 Mk2 and Mk3 .
Military Archbishopric of Spain The Military Archbishopric of Spain ( ) is a military ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church . Immediately subject to the Holy See , it provides pastoral care to Roman Catholics serving in the Spanish Armed Forces and their families . History . The first military bishop was appointed on 4 June 1819 , but the position lapsed in abeyance in 1930 . Twenty years later , a military vicariate was established on 5 August 1950 , and a few months later the first military vicar was appointed on 12 December 1950 . It was elevated to a military ordinariate on 21 July 1986 and is headed by an archbishop . The Episcopal seat is located at the Cathedral of the Armed Forces ( " Catedral de las Fuerzas Armadas " ) in Madrid , Spain .
Michael W . Grebe Michael W . Grebe is an American lawyer , businessman and conservative activist . He served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the law firm Foley & Lardner from 1994 to 2002 . Since 2002 , he has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Bradley Foundation . He is also Chairman of the Philanthropy Roundtable . Biography . Early life . Grebe grew up in Illinois and played quarterback on his high school football team . He graduated from the United States Military Academy and received a J . D . from the University of Michigan Law School , magna cum laude . He served in the United States Army during the Vietnam War and was later awarded the Combat Infantryman ’ s Badge and two Bronze Stars . Career . He joined the law firm Foley & Lardner in 1970 , and became a partner in 1977 , focusing on corporate and financial law . He served as Chairman and CEO from 1994 , until he retired in 2002 , when he became Chairman and CEO of the Bradley Foundation . He also serves as Chairman of the Philanthropy Roundtable . He has served on the Board of Directors of the Oshkosh Corporation since 1990 . He also sits on the Board of the Church Mutual Insurance Company . He is a former member and President of the Board of Regents for the University of Wisconsin System and past member and chairman of the Board of Visitors of his alma mater , the United States Military Academy . He has also sat on the Board of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and the Milwaukee Brewers baseball club . He sits on the Board of the Charter School Growth Fund . He sits on the publication committee of " National Affairs " . He is a former general counsel to the Republican National Committee and was the Republican National Committeeman for Wisconsin from 1984 to 2002 . He was a delegate to Republican National Conventions from 1984 to 2000 . In 2010 , he chaired Scott Walker ' s campaign for governorship of Wisconsin . Personal life . Grebe ' s first wife , Peggy , died in 2003 . He got remarried to Patricia Perry and they have one son and one daughter . They live in Milwaukee , Wisconsin .
Turco - Egyptian ranks The Turco - Egyptian ranks were the military ranks used by the Kingdom of Egypt from 1922 until the 1958 . The names are Turco - Egyptian ( i . e . derived from Ottoman Turkish and Arabic ) , and are derived at least in part from the preexisting military structure developed out of the reforms of Muhammad Ali Pasha ; however , the design of the rank insignia was completely British . High ranks were only given to British officers where the Egypt was a client state of the UK . The rank of Sirdar was given to the British Commander - in - Chief of the Egyptian Army .
Henri Languedoc Sous Lieutenant Henri François Languedoc was a World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories . Languedoc originally served in the ground forces , enlisting in the cavalry on 21 October 1903 . He was promoted to sous lieutenant and transferred into the infantry on 21 March 1915 . After being wounded so severely he was invalided from ground service , he joined the flying service on 10 January 1916 . On 31 March , he completed pilot ' s training . He was then assigned to Escadrille N12 as a Nieuport pilot . On 23 October , he scored his first aerial victory . He would not score again until 23 January 1917 , then strung five more victories out until 21 April 1917 . Languedoc would be mortally wounded on 16 July 1917 , and die two days later . References . " Nieuport Aces of World War 1 . " Norman Franks . Osprey Publishing , 2000 . ISBN 1 - 85532 - 961 - 1 , ISBN 978 - 1 - 85532 - 961 - 4 .
Fiftieth Army ( Japan ) The was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the final days of World War II . History . The Japanese 50th Army was formed on June 19 , 1945 under the Japanese 11th Area Army as part of the last desperate defense effort by the Empire of Japan to deter possible landings of Allied forces in the northern prefectures of the Tōhoku region of northern Honshū during Operation Downfall . The Japanese 50th Army was based in Aomori Prefecture and consisted mostly of poorly trained and poorly armed reservists , conscripted students , Volunteer Fighting Corps militia and walking wounded . It was demobilized at the surrender of Japan on August 15 , 1945 without having seen combat .
First Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry The First Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Organized at " Camp Ellsworth " in Cambridge , Massachusetts , the regiment was made up partly of companies that had belonged to the First Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia , a peactime unit of state militia . The companies were mostly from Boston but also Roxbury and Brookline . The First Massachusetts was the first of the Massachusetts regiments recruited for a term of three - years .
Georg Ludwig Rudolf Maercker Georg Ludwig Rudolf Maercker ( September 21 , 1865 in Baldenburg - December 31 , 1924 in Dresden ) was a German General of World War I . Following the Armistice of 1918 that saw the end of fighting and of the Bolshevik revolution that led to the creation of the Soviet Union , there were many examples of disturbances throughout Germany . Maercker suggested the formation of " Freikorps " ( Free Corps ) to suppress these and a number of formations formed themselves , usually around individual army officers . A historian K P Fischer has noted :