naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
51st ( Highland ) Division Monument ( Beaumont - Hamel ) The 51st ( Highland ) Division Memorial at Beaumont - Hamel is a memorial in France commemorating the soldiers of the 51st ( Highland ) Division killed during World War I . The memorial is located near Y Ravine on the Beaumont - Hamel Newfoundland Memorial site . This position had been the scene of the Division ' s first major victory on 13 November 1916 during the Battle of the Ancre , the closing stage of the Battle of the Somme . Memorial . The ground originally donated by the commune of Beaumont - Hamel to the Veterans of the 51st ( Highland ) Division , for the purposes of a memorial , was found to be unstable because of the many dugouts on the site . Lieutenant Colonel Nangle , the former Roman Catholic padre of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment who was largely responsible for the establishment of the Beaumont Hamel Newfoundland Memorial , offered the association a location overlooking Y Ravine within the boundaries of the site . Y Ravine was a forked gully ( hence its name ) which contained a formidably - fortified warren of defensive positions that had been the scene of a stunning victory by the Highland Division on 13 November 1916 . The sculptor selected for the 51st Division Monument was George Henry Paulin . The base of the monument consists of rough blocks of Rubislaw granite which were produced by Garden & Co . in Aberdeen , Scotland , and are assembled in a pyramid form . Company Sergeant Major Bob Rowan of the Glasgow Highlanders was used as the model for the kilted figure atop the memorial . The figure faces east towards the village of Beaumont - Hamel . On the front of the memorial is a plaque inscribed in Gaelic : which in English translates into " Friends are good on the day of battle " . The 51st Division Memorial was unveiled on 28 September 1924 by Marshal of France Ferdinand Foch , the former Allied Supreme Commander . The memorial was dedicated by the Reverend Sinclair , who had been a chaplain with the Division . The pipers of the 2nd Battalion , Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders played Flowers of the Forest during the event . The memorial was re - dedicated on 13 July 1958 , the front panel now also commemorating those of the Division who died during the Second World War .
Martin Davis Hardin Martin Davis Hardin ( June 26 , 1837 – December 12 , 1923 ) was a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War . He was appointed a brigadier general on July 6 , 1864 , to rank from July 2 , 1864 , the date of U . S . Senate confirmation of his promotion . Martin D . Hardin was born in Jacksonville , Illinois , the son of John J . Hardin . He was a family friend and protégé of Abraham Lincoln ( it was at the Hardin family home that Lincoln first met his wife , Mary Todd ) . Hardin graduated from West Point in the Class of 1859 , and was an aide to Robert E . Lee in the hanging of John Brown soon after . He lost his left arm in the Mine Run Campaign , but continued serving in the army . After retiring in December 1870 , he became a lawyer in Chicago , and had a winter home in St . Augustine , Florida . His second wife , Amelia McLaughlin ( 1863 – 1939 ) was the sister - in - law of Irene Castle , the well - known dancer . Hardin spent his last years in the famous " Union Generals ' House " at 20 Valencia Street in St . Augustine , Florida ( saved from a proposed demolition by Flagler College in the 1980s thru the concerted action of local history lovers ) . Hardin was one of the last surviving Civil War generals of either side at the time of his death in 1923 . He is buried , with his wife , at the U . S . National Cemetery in St . Augustine . His widow honored him by building a chapel ( complete with a statue of St . Martin ) on the grounds of the Mission of Nombre de Dios in St . Augustine .
Belgian minehunter Crocus ( M917 ) " Crocus " ( M917 ) is a minehunter of the Belgian Naval Component , launched on September 3 , 1986 at the Mercantile - Belyard shipyard in Rupelmonde and christened by Mrs . Gaethofs - Schreurs , the wife of the then Mayor of Genk , on September 18 , 1986 . The patronage of the " Crocus " was accepted by the city of Genk . It was the third of the Belgian Tripartite class minehunters . It is currently commanded by Lieutenant First Class Wim Maes .
Rudolf Pannier Rudolf Pannier was a Standartenführer ( Colonel ) and Oberst of Polizei in the Waffen SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Early life . Rudolf Pannier was born in Gera on the 10 July 1897 . He volunteered for service with the Imperial German Army during World War I and saw service on both the Eastern and Western Fronts . Interwar period . Following the end of World War I , Pannier became a member of the Freikorps . He later joined the Schutzpolizei stationed in Hamburg . World War II . By the outbreak of World War II , Pannier had risen in rank to Hauptmann ( Captain ) . During Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union , he was a company commander in the 4th SS Polizei Division which was part of Army Group North . Awarded the Iron Cross ( 2nd class ) in January 1942 , he was awarded the Iron Cross again the following month , this time , the 1st class award . Pannier was promoted to Sturmbannführer ( Major ) and Major of Schutzpolizei in May 1942 , just prior to his award of the Knight ' s Cross for bravery in combat while in command of the I . Battalion , 2nd SS Polizei Schutzen Regiment . He was later promoted to the rank of Standartenführer ( Colonel ) and while recuperating from his wounds , received the German Cross in Gold . In 1943 Pannier was given commanded of SS Jäger Battalion 500 , a Waffen SS unit that specialized in anti - partisan warfare and was stationed in the Minsk area . This unit was disbanded in June 1944 and all its men sent as replacements to other Waffen - SS units , following which Pannier was given command of the 31st Waffen - Grenadier Regiment der SS , 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Galicia ( 1st Ukrainian ) . Pannier was again wounded on 9 April 1945 , but survived the war . Later life . Pannier died on 19 August 1978 in Hamburg .
SM U - 50 SM U - 50 was one of the 329 submarine s serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I . U - 50 was engaged in the naval warfare and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic . U - 50 is most notable for sinking the armed Merchant cruiser Laconia which killed 2 Americans before the US had entered the war . Laconia was also the 15th largest ship destroyed by submarine during the war .
482d Bombardment Squadron The 482d Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 505th Bombardment Group . It was inactivated at Clark Field , Philippines on 10 June 1946 . History . Established in 1917 as the 70th Aero Squadron , was redesignated as the 482d Aero Squadron early in 1918 before being deployed to France . The squadron was a civil engineering organization at the Western Front constructing airfields and related facilities in Zone of Advance during 1918 until the Armistice on 11 November . Remained in France until early 1919 when returned to the United States and demobilized . B - 29 Superfortress operations against Japan . Re - Activated in March 1944 as a B - 29 Superfortress Very Heavy bombardment squadron . When training was completed moved to North Field Tinian in the Mariana Islands of the Central Pacific Area in January 1945 and assigned to XXI Bomber Command , Twentieth Air Force . It ' s mission was the strategic bombardment of the Japanese Home Islands and the destruction of its war - making capability . Flew " shakedown " missions against Japanese targets on Moen Island , Truk , and other points in the Carolines and Marianas . The squadron began combat missions over Japan on 25 February 1945 with a firebombing mission over Northeast Tokyo . The squadron continued to participate in wide area firebombing attack , but the first ten day blitz resulting in the Army Air Forces running out of incendiary bombs . Until then the squadron flew conventional strategic bombing missions using high explosive bombs . The squadron continued attacking urban areas with incendiary raids until the end of the war in August 1945 , attacking major Japanese cities , causing massive destruction of urbanized areas . Also conducted raids against strategic objectives , bombing aircraft factories , chemical plants , oil refineries , and other targets in Japan . The squadron flew its last combat missions on 14 August when hostilities ended . Afterwards , its B 29s carried relief supplies to Allied prisoner of war camps in Japan and Manchuria . Squadron was largely de - mobilized on Tinian during the fall of 1945 . Remained in Western Pacific , assigned to Twentieth Air Force . Moved to Clark Field to the Philippines in March 1946 . Inactivated at Clark Field on Luzon on June 15 , 1946 ; its low - hour aircraft flown to storage depots in the United States .
USS McKeever Brothers ( SP - 683 ) USS " McKeever Brothers " ( SP - 683 ) , sometimes written as USS " McKeever Bros . " , was a United States Navy patrol vessel and minesweeper in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " McKeever Brothers " was built as a commercial steam " menhaden fisherman " - type fishing vessel of the same name by Robert Palmer & Sons at Noank , Connecticut , in 1911 . In May 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owners , Steven W . McKeever and Edward J . McKeever , for use during World War I . Assigned the section patrol number 683 , she was commissioned on 5 May 1917 as USS " McKeever Brothers " ( SP - 683 ) . Her acquisition from the McKeevers apparently formally took place retrospectively on 18 May 1917 . Assigned to the 4th Naval District and based at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , " McKeever Brothers " conducted coastal and minesweeping patrols in the Delaware River and Delaware Bay for the remainder of World War I . " McKeever Brothers " was decommissioned after the war , stricken from the Navy List on 22 May 1919 , and sold on 1 July 1919 .
Mark 36 SRBOC The BAE Systems Mark 36 Super Rapid Blooming Offboard Chaff ( abbreviated as SRBOC or " Super - arboc " ) is a short - range mortar that launches chaff or infrared decoys from naval vessels to foil anti - ship missile s . Each launcher has three tubes set at a 45 - degree angle , and three tubes set at a 60 degree angle , providing an effective spread of decoys and countermeasures to defeat radio frequency emitting missiles . The SRBOC can also be fitted with the TORCH infrared " flare " decoy system . A typical ship ' s load is 20 to 35 rounds per launcher . As of 2010 , the Mk . 36 SRBOC is used by 19 navies around the world . It is similar to the NATO Sea Gnat system .
Orphan Brigade The Orphan Brigade was the nickname of the First Kentucky Brigade , a group of military units recruited from the Commonwealth of Kentucky to fight for the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . The brigade was the largest Confederate unit to be recruited from Kentucky during the war . Its original commander was Major General John C . Breckinridge , former Vice President of the United States and candidate for President , who was enormously popular with Kentuckians . History . Units of the Orphan Brigade were involved in many military engagements in the American South during the war , including the Battle of Shiloh . In 1862 , Breckinridge was promoted to division command and was succeeded in the brigade by Brig . Gen . Roger W . Hanson . At the Battle of Stones River , the brigade suffered heavy casualties in an assault on January 2 , 1863 , including General Hanson . Breckinridge — who vehemently disputed the order to charge with the army ' s commander , General Braxton Bragg — rode among the survivors , crying out repeatedly , " My poor Orphans ! My poor Orphans , " noted brigade historian Ed Porter Thompson , who used the term in his 1868 history of the unit . The name came from how the Confederacy viewed its soldiers from Kentucky ( which remained in the Union , but was represented by a star in both country ' s flags ) . The term was not in widespread use during the war , but it became popular afterwards among the veterans . The Orphan Brigade lost another commander at the Battle of Chickamauga , when Benjamin Hardin Helm , Abraham Lincoln ' s brother - in - law , was mortally wounded on September 20 , 1863 , and died the following day . Major Rice E . Graves , the artillery commander , was also mortally wounded . The Orphan Brigade served throughout the Atlanta Campaign of 1864 , then were converted to mounted infantry and opposed Sherman ' s March to the Sea . They ended the war fighting in South Carolina in late April 1865 , and surrendered at Washington , Georgia , on May 6 – 7 , 1865 . Weapons . When the Orphan Brigade was mustered into service , weapons were in short supply . The troops were armed with old smoothbore muskets ( some flintlock and others percussion ) along with shotguns and hunting rifles . Some men had no arms at all . Only a week before the Battle of Shiloh , every regiment except the 9th Kentucky was issued a supply of Enfield rifles imported from England ( the 9th armed themselves with Enfields captured during the battle ) . From that point onward until the end of the war , most of the Orphan Brigade carried the long three - band Model 1853 Enfield rifle . When the unit surrendered in March 1865 , some men were still carrying the same rifles they ' d had since Shiloh .
USS Clyde ( 1863 ) USS " Clyde " ( 1863 ) was a steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War . She was assigned by the Union Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries . " Neptune " captured and converted to Union Navy use as " Clyde " . " Clyde " — a sidewheel steamer — was captured as " Neptune " on 14 June 1863 by and sent to Key West , Florida for condemnation . Sent to New York City to be surveyed and appraised , she was purchased by the Navy Department and placed in commission on 29 July 1863 , Acting Master A . A . Owens in command . Supporting blockade operations in the Gulf of Mexico . Departing New York on 30 July 1863 , the steamer arrived at Washington , D . C . on 3 August . Her name was changed to " Clyde " on 11 August . " Clyde " sailed from Washington on 6 September and arrived at Key West on 13 September for duty with the East Gulf Blockading Squadron . She patrolled the coastal and inland waters of western Florida and among the Florida Keys until the end of the war . She captured the schooner " Amaranth " on 27 September , and participated in two boat expeditions up the Suwanee River and the Waccasassa River , capturing nearly 200 bales of cotton . Post - war decommissioning and sale . Arriving at Philadelphia Navy Yard on 10 August 1865 , " Clyde " was decommissioned on 17 August , taken to New York City and sold on 25 October .
Regional Command Capital Regional Command Capital is a multinational military formation , part of the International Security Assistance Force . The headquarters is in Kabul . Since 6 August 2006 , Regional Command Capital is the new name given to the former Kabul Multinational Brigade . The KMNB usually had about three battlegroups , responsible each for a sector of Kabul . The command of this region rotates among Turkey , France and Italy . French Brigadier General Michel Stollsteiner served as the commander from August 2008 to July 2009 . At the moment , November 2009 , Turkey is the leading nation in this region . On 31 October 2009 the Turkish Brigadier General Levent ÇOLAK took over command from France Brigadier General . Strength in 2010 appx . 6 , 150 . Nearly all of the more than forty contributors have troops deployed to Kabul . The city has been under joint Afghan / coalition control since 2002 but came repeatedly under attacks of insurgent fighters . The ISAF presence at Kabul International Airport ( KAIA ) ( provided by Hungary , previously Belgium ) is also part of RC - Capital . 16 Air Assault Brigade of the British Army initially provided the Kabul Multinational Brigade . Then - Brigadier Barney White - Spunner of the British Army commanded the KMNB in 2002 . In March 2002 the KMNB was transferred to German Army control . From 27 July 2004 until 27 January 2005 , the Franco - German Brigade led by Brigadegeneral Walter Spindler , was at the head of the Kabul Multinational Brigade ( KMNB ) . From July to December 2005 the KMNB was commanded by German Brigadier General Hans - Christoph Ammon , who was serving as commander of Germany ' s 30th Panzergrenadier Brigade . Between 6 February and 6 August 2006 , SEEBRIG HQ was deployed as Kabul Multinational Brigade HQ , under ISAF Command . The Turkish Army ' s 28th Mechanized Infantry Brigade served as Kabul Multinational Brigade for a period , and during the same period , the Turkish Armed Forces ran the Kabul International Airport . The French forces in Afghanistan used to have a battle group under RC Capital ' s command , but it has now been shifted to Regional Command East .
Edward N . Peterson Edward N . Peterson ( 1925 – 2005 ) was an American historian and professor at the University of Wisconsin – River Falls from 1954 until his death in 2005 . He earned his Ph . D . in history from the University of Wisconsin – Madison in 1953 . His specialty was German history , particularly the WWII period and the German Democratic Republic , a field in which he wrote a number of books . Biography . Edward N . Peterson was born on August 27 , 1925 , in St . Joseph , Missouri , the son of Roscoe D . Peterson and Rachel B . ( White ) Peterson . He received his PhD degree from the University of Wisconsin – Madison in 1953 . After one year at Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond , Kentucky , he joined the faculty of Wisconsin State College , which became the University of Wisconsin – River Falls . Starting there in 1954 , he taught courses in modern history until March 18 , 2005 — nearly 51 years . In 1963 , he became Chair of the Social Science Department and then chair of the History Department until 1991 . He was also active in the German Studies Association , and was president and secretary of the Upper Midwest History Conference ; Secretary & Treasurer Pierce County Historical Association . He received research grants from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for 1963 – 64 , 1966 , 1985 ; the National Endowment for the Humanities 1969 – 70 , and the Social Science Research Council 1970 – 71 . He supported wife Ursula ' s writings and publications on the History of River Falls and Pierce County , as well as her research into family history . Drafted into the U . S . Army on March 28 , 1944 . He served in the Anti - tank Platoon , 1st Battalion , 274 Infantry Regiment , of the 70th Infantry Division ( United States ) , being sent to Europe on December 1 , 1944 . He was at the Front on the Rhine River by Christmas 1944 , part of the 7th and later the 3rd Armies . External links . Clips from speech given at December 18 , 2004 , graduation at the University of Wisconsin – River Falls In the newspaper
Teruel MRL The Teruel multiple rocket launcher was in service with the Spanish Army until 2009 . This system is capable of launching 140mm rocket s from 40 launch tubes in less than 30 seconds . It is mounted on a Pegaso truck . Before firing , stabilizing jacks must be lowered and the blast shield raised to protect the cab and its occupants . Rockets can be fired out to a range of 25 kilometres .
Whitefield Castle Whitefield Castle is a ruined L - plan tower - house along Strath Ardle , Perth and Kinross , Scotland . History . Built in the 12th century by Malcolm Canmore as a hunting lodge , it was expanded in 1577 by the Spalding family . It is now ruinous . The castle also has a Ley tunnel legend , a tradition often found associated with ancient residences . This tunnel was said to link up with Ashintully Castle .
Battle of Marton The Battle of Marton or Meretum took place on 22 March 871 at a place recorded as Marton , perhaps in Wiltshire or Dorset , after Æthelred of Wessex , forced ( along with his brother Alfred ) into flight following their costly victory against an army of Danish invaders at the Battle of Ashdown , had retreated to Basing ( in Hampshire ) , where he was again defeated by the forces of Ivar the Boneless . It was the last of eight battles known to be fought by Æthelred against the Danes that year , and the defeated King is reported to have died on 15 April 871 . Whether he died in battle , or as a result of wounds suffered in battle is unclear . The site of the battle is unknown . Suggestions include the borders of the London Borough of Merton , Merton in Oxfordshire , Marden in Wiltshire or Martin in Dorset . The more westerly locations tend to be favoured because King Ethelred was buried in Wimborne Minster in Dorset shortly afterwards . One possible location for the battle is at Merriton , on the banks of the River Stour , a few miles downstream of Wimborne , thus providing a simple journey by barge with the body of King Æthelred . The medieval manor of Merriton was situated on what is now the southern perimeter of Bournemouth ( Hurn ) Airport .
Te - 2 remotely controlled mine Specialized - 2 ( 特 - 2 , or Te - 2 ) is the second generation remotely controlled naval mines . The project was jointly developed by the Vanguard Instrumentation Factory ( 前卫仪表厂 ) , Shanghai Electric Automation Research Institute , Shanghai Jiaotong University , and Naval Engineering Academy . There are three states : safety , armed , and detonation . The bottom mine can remain in any one of these three states , though most of time it remains in the safety state . Upon receiving the remote commands , the mine can be switched to any one of the three states . The minefield consisted of Specialized - 2 bottom mines can thus be inactive when friendly force passes by while the activated when enemy is in the area . Currently , all Specialized - 2 mines are upgraded to the Specialized - 2 - 1 standard .
Bristol Siddeley BS100 The Bristol Siddeley BS . 100 was a British twin - spool , vectored thrust , turbofan aero engine that first ran in 1960 , the engine was designed and built in limited numbers by Bristol Siddeley Engines Limited . The project was cancelled in early 1965 . Design and development . The BS . 100 was similar in general arrangement to that of the company ' s Pegasus design , but with the addition of plenum chamber burning ( PCB ) , to enable the projected Hawker Siddeley P . 1154 VSTOL fighter design to accelerate to supersonic speed . PCB is akin to reheat , but is only applied to the bypass stream ( i . e . the front nozzles ) , as the flow turns from fan exit to the nozzle bearing plane . Variable area front nozzles were required , to maintain consistent fan matching regardless of whether the PCB was alight . The BS . 100 was also intended for the Fokker Republic D - 24 . Engines on display . A preserved Bristol Siddeley BS100 is on public display at the Fleet Air Arm Museum , RNAS Yeovilton .