naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
George E . Stewart George Evans Stewart ( August 2 , 1872 – March 2 , 1946 ) was an officer in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the Philippine - American War . Biography . George Evans was born in New South Wales , Australia August 2 , 1872 . He died March 2 , 1946 in Portland , Texas and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery . His grave can be found in section 2 , lot 3408 - A - RH . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Second Lieutenant , 19th U . S . Infantry . Place and date : At Passi , Island of Panay , Philippine Islands , November 26 , 1899 . Entered service at : New York , N . Y . Birth : New South Wales . Date of issue : June 26 , 1900 . Citation : While crossing a river in face of the enemy , this officer plunged in and at the imminent risk of his own life saved from drowning an enlisted man of his regiment .
Port Republic Union order of battle The following United States Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Port Republic of the American Civil War . The Confederate order of battle is listed separately . Department of the Rappahannock . MG Irvin McDowell ( not present ) Forces at Port Republic . BG Erastus B . Tyler
Reprisal A reprisal is a limited and deliberate violation of international law to punish another sovereign state that has already broken them . Reprisals in the laws of war are extremely limited , as they commonly breached the rights of civilians , an action outlawed by the Geneva Conventions . It is not to be confused with retorsion s , as these constitute unfriendly acts generally permitted by international law . Etymology . The word came from French , where it originally meant " act of taking back " , for example , raiding back the equivalent of cattle lost to an enemy raid . International law . Reprisals refer to acts which are illegal if taken alone , but become legal when adopted by one state in retaliation for the commission of an earlier illegal act by another state . Counter - reprisals are generally not allowed . An example of reprisal is the Naulila a dispute between Portugal and Germany in October 1914 . After three Germans were mistakenly killed in Naulilaa on the border of the Portuguese colony of Angola ( in a manner that did not violate international law ) , Germany carried out a military raid on Naulilaa , destroying property in retaliation . A claim for compensation was brought by Portugal . The tribunal emphasized that before reprisals could be legally undertaken , a number of conditions had to be satisfied : The German claim that it had acted lawfully was rejected on all three grounds . After 1945 , as a result of the general prohibition on use of force imposed by Article 2 ( 4 ) of the UN Charter , armed reprisals in time of peace are no longer legal , but the possibility remains of non - armed reprisals ( also known as countermeasure s ) as well as belligerent reprisals during hostilities when the law of international armed conflict ( LOIAC ) is violated . In the case of belligerent reprisals , apart from the three factors in the Naulilaa case , a warning must also be issued beforehand ; once the other party has stopped violation of LOIAC , belligerent reprisals must also be terminated ; and the decision to engage in belligerent reprisals must be taken by a competent authority . In the United States military , the lowest ranked commander who may authorize a reprisal is a general in command of a theater . All four Geneva Conventions prohibit reprisals against , respectively , battlefield casualties , shipwreck survivors , prisoners of war and civilians , as well as certain buildings and property . An additional 1977 protocol extends this to cover historic monuments , works of art , and places of worship .
George F . Shiels George Franklin Shiels ( April 13 , 1863 – October 26 , 1943 ) was a Surgeon in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the Philippine - American War . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Surgeon , U . S . Volunteers . Place and date : At Tuliahan River , Philippine Islands , March 25 , 1899 . Entered service at : California . Birth : California . Date of issue : November 22 , 1906 . Citation : Voluntarily exposed himself to the fire of the enemy and went with 4 men to the relief of 2 native Filipinos Iying wounded about 150 yards in front of the lines and personally carried one of them to a place of safety .
Neil Blair Captain Robert Neil Blair CVO RN was Private Secretary and Treasurer to The Duke of York , 1990 – 2001 . Blair was born in 1936 , and educated at St John ' s College , Johannesburg , and Britannia Royal Naval College , Dartmouth . He served in the Royal Navy from 1954 , and was on the RAF staff course . From 1958 - 1959 , he was on HMY " Britannia " . He served in various positions in the Fleet Air Arm 1961 - 1970 , and was in command of 1965 - 1967 . In 1970 - 71 , he was again on HMY " Britannia " . He was promoted to Commander 31 December 1971 . He was Commanding Officer of the frigate 1972 - 1974 . Blair was in command of in 1978 , and Commander of Britannia Royal Naval College , Dartmouth 1979 - 1980 , and was promoted to Captain 30 June 1981 . From 1982 - 1985 he was Naval and Air Attaché in Athens , and Defence and Naval Attaché in The Hague 1986 - 1989 . He was appointed was Private Secretary and Treasurer to the Duke of York in 1990 , and was also an Extra Equerry . He was Comptroller to Princess Alexandra , The Hon Lady Ogilvy 1996 - 1997 , and Private Secretary since 1996 . He was appointed LVO in 1997 , and promoted to CVO in 2001 .
Ernst Knebel Ernst Knebel ( 6 February 1892 – 13 March 1945 ) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Ernst Knebel was seriously wounded in January 1945 and died of his wounds on 13 March 1945 in Preußisch - Eylau . He was posthumously promoted to Generalmajor .
Gerald R . Young Gerald R . Young is an American intelligence official who was Deputy Director of the National Security Agency from 1988 to 1990 , under director William O . Studeman during which time he was the highest ranking civilian in the agency . During his time at the NSA he also held the position of Deputy Director for Plans and Policy .
PB Jaker Patrol Base Jaker in Afghanistan is a military expeditionary base used by the United States Marine Corps . It is in along the Helmand River Valley in Nawa - I - Barakzayi . It was originally built by the British Army of Task Force Helmand in 2008 . In June 2009 , it was transferred to the Marines of 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade . It was also the setting for the documentary film " Patrol Base Jaker " .
Christopher Pugsley Christopher Pugsley ( born 1947 ) is a New Zealand military historian . He became interested in writing in 1984 when , as a career army officer , he authored a book and worked on a television documentary about New Zealand ' s involvement in the Gallipoli campaign . In 1987 , he left his position of infantry lieutenant - colonel to dedicate himself to a new career as historian . In 1994 , he became Writing Fellow at the Victoria University of Wellington . He then taught at University of New England , Australia from 1996 to 1999 . He is currently Senior Lecturer in War Studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and Adjunct Senior Fellow at New Zealand ' s University of Canterbury . His primary area of interest is 20th - century New Zealand , Australian , Canadian and British Commonwealth military history , with particular focus on Gallipoli , and the Western Front . He is published as " Chris Pugsley " and " Christopher Pugsley " . 978 - 1869488154
Battle of the Silarus The Battle of the Silarus was fought in 212 BC between Hannibal ' s army and a Roman force led by praetor Marcus Centenius Penula . The Carthaginians were victorious , destroying the entire Roman army . This is one of the few battles where Hannibal commanded an army larger than his foes . Strategic situation . Hannibal had lifted the siege of Capua after mauling two Roman consular armies in the battle of Capua . The Roman consuls had split their forces , with Flavius Flaccus moving towards Cumae , while Appius Claudius marched towards Lucania . It is not sure why they had done so , because their forces still outnumbered Hannibal ' s army , even after with the losses suffered in the battle . Hannibal decided to follow Claudius . Claudius managed to evade the pursuit of Hannibal , but a centurion , Marcus Centenius , had appealed to the Roman Senate for independent command against Hannibal , claiming that with his knowledge of Campania he can best the Carthaginians . Surprisingly , his appeal was granted . 8 , 000 soldiers were detached to serve under him , possibly from the army of Gracchus which was stationed in Lucania . To this force another 8 , 000 volunteers from Campania , Lucania and Samnium was added . While Appius Claudius with his consular army marched west to join his fellow consul , Centenius set off to pursue Hannibal . In Iberia , the situation remained deadlocked . Neither the Scipios nor the Barcids gained any decisive advantage . The Siege of Syracuse continued in Sicily . Hanno the Elder remained active in Bruttium . Battle . Although Centenius was a brave soldier , his generalship left much to be desired . According to Livy , he had no idea about the whereabouts of the Carthaginian army . Hannibal ' s scouts were able to locate the Roman army before the Romans got wind of anything . Marcus Centenius and his army were ambushed by Hannibal and the Roman forces were completely routed . The Roman cause was made worse by the fact their Etruscan allies fled , creating panic in the ranks . Hannibal surrounded the remaining Romans and hacked them down . He then took Marcus ' s ring from his finger and tried to use it in Marcus ' s name but to no avail . Once again the Romans showed their persistence by refusal to surrender to Hannibal . Nevertheless Hannibal was still unbeaten on Italian soil . In terms of casualties inflicted , this battle ranks after Cannae among the battles Hannibal had fought . It is said that out of 16 , 000 Romans , only 1 , 000 survived . These survivors were sent to join the disgraced legions of Cannae survivors after they had been rounded up . Aftermath . After the Battle , Hannibal did not pursue the Army of Claudius , Instead , he marched east into Apulia , where a Roman army under Praetor Gnaeus Flavius Flaccus was operating against towns allied to Carthage . The Roman consular armies , free of Hannibal , united and resumed their harassment of Capua . Hanno the Elder remained in Bruttium .
SM UB - 69 SM " UB - 69 " was a German Type UB III submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 12 October 1917 as SM " UB - 69 " . " UB - 69 " was serving in the Mediterranean when sunk at on 9 January 1918 by . 31 crew members died in the event . Construction . She was built by Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft of Kiel and following just under a year of construction , launched at Kiel on 7 August 1917 . " UB - 69 " was commissioned later that same year . Like all Type UB III submarines , " UB - 69 " carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a deck gun . " UB - 69 " would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of . " UB - 69 " had a displacement of while surfaced and when submerged . Her engines enabled her to travel at when surfaced and when submerged .
Jack W . Robbins Jack W . Robbins ( 1919 – 2005 ) was a principal prosecutor for the United States in the Pohl Trial . The Pohl Trial was the fourth of twelve trials for war crime s the U . S . authorities held in Nuremberg , Germany ; after the end of World War II . Robbins was the youngest and longest surviving prosecutor for the trial .
List of ships of the Spanish Armada The armada was divided into ten " squadrons " Ships of the Squadrons . Squadron of Portugal . Twelve ships ; Squadron of Galley s of Portugal . Four ships ; Squadron of Biscay . Fourteen ships ; Squadron of Castile . Sixteen ships ; Squadron of Andalusia . Eleven ships ; Squadron of Guipuzcoa . Fourteen ships ; Squadron of Levant . Ten ships ; Squadron of Galleass es of Naples . Four ships ; Squadron of Urcas . Twenty three ships ; Squadron of Patches and Zabras . Twenty two ships ( 5 to 10 guns ) under Don Antonio de Medoza ; a heavy square - rigged sailing ship of the 16th to early 18th centuries used for war or commerce especially by the Spanish . 1 : a ship or boat propelled solely or chiefly by oars : as a : a long low ship used for war and trading especially in the Mediterranean Sea from the Middle Ages to the 19th century ; also : galleass b : a warship of classical antiquity — compare bireme , trireme c : a large open boat ( as a gig ) formerly used in England . < br > et al . Summary of Armada Make Up . Collecting Data / Under Construction
Peter Belches Lieutenant Peter Belches ( 1796 – 1890 ) was an early explorer in Western Australia . Born in Scotland in 1796 , Belches joined the Royal Navy . He was a midshipman on HMS " Volage " in December 1826 , when it was anchored in Sydney Harbour along with HMS " Warspite " under Sir James Brisbane and HMS " Success " under Sir James Stirling . When Brisbane died on 19 December , Stirling made a number of promotions and re - appointments to cover for his loss . In the process , Belches was promoted to Third Lieutenant on the " Success " . In March 1827 , the " Success " arrived off the coast of the Swan River in what is now Western Australia to undertake an exploration expedition which aimed to determine the suitability of the area for establishing a British colony . After examining the coastal waters of the area , an 18 - man land party was formed to explore up the river . As a member of the party , Belches traversed the Swan up to its junction with Ellen Brook . At the location now known as " The Narrows " , Stirling named a peninsula on the southern side of the Swan Point Belches in Belches ' honour . At the junction of Ellen Brook , Stirling split the party into three groups , sending Belches and George Heathcote to explore to the north , where they found a fresh water lake . After returning to the junction of the Canning River , Stirling sent Belches to explore it . Belches traced the Canning for twenty miles , returning after two days to report that it was a fresh water river " similar in every respect " to the Swan . After returning to the ship , the crew sailed north for a distance , then southwards to Cape Geographe , when Belches reported finding " a source large enough to be called a River , gushing from the side of the Solid Limestone Rock and rushing to the Sea half a mile distant with a considerable noise . " A Swan River Colony was formed in 1829 , and by the end of 1831 had expanded to become the British settlement of Western Australia . In 1834 , Belches emigrated to the colony on the " James Patterson " . He took up land at Albany , where there was already a large Scottish community . He served as Albany ' s harbour master from 1834 until 1837 . In 1840 , he entered into a land partnership with George Cheyne , and in 1852 , the pair prospected for gold together in the Stirling Range . Belches left the colony in 1858 , and died in 1890 .
Lance - corporal of horse Lance - corporal of horse ( LCoH ) is an appointment unique to the Household Cavalry of the British Army , equivalent to lance sergeant in the Foot Guards . It was introduced in 1971 . On promotion to corporal , an NCO is automatically appointed lance - corporal of horse , so that the rank structure effectively goes straight from lance - corporal to lance - corporal of horse , and then to corporal of horse . However , lance corporals of horse are still addressed as " Corporal " . A lance - corporal of horse wears three rank chevron s surmounted by a cloth crown ( as opposed to the metal crowns worn by full corporals of horse ) .
HMS Hero ( 1885 ) HMS " Hero " was the second and final " Conqueror " - class battleship . She was an ironclad who served in the Victorian Royal Navy . " Hero " was — like her sister - ship — designed to be an improved version of with a ram as her main armament . It was assumed by the Board of Admiralty and within Naval Architecture circles that the supremacy of armour over artillery would allow such a ship to ram an enemy vessel without being seriously damaged by enemy gunfire . This assumption was never tested in action . The ship carried two big guns in a turret placed on the foredeck . Gunfire over the bow was found to cause serious blast damage to the deck and its structures , while firing abaft the beam caused blast damage to the bridge and superstructure . The guns were limited to a firing arc of some 45° on either side ; as they had been installed with the intention of engaging an enemy on the beam who had evaded a ramming attack , this limit was not seen as serious . Six tube s for the launching of torpedo es were mounted ; they were carried in the after part of the superstructure and were intended to supplement the ram . The smaller guns were for defence against small craft , against whom the main armament could not be easily or economically employed . By the time she was launched , ramming had been discarded , leaving her and her sister exposed as perhaps the two most useless turret - armed battleships ever built . Service history . She was commissioned at Portsmouth in May 1888 as tender to the gunnery school " Excellent " . She remained there until February 1905 , when she passed into Dockyard Reserve . She took part in the manoevres of 1888 - 1891 , but saw no other active service . In November 1907 , she was made a target ship and was sunk off the Kentish Knock on 18 February 1908 . Popular culture . " Player ' s Navy Cut " cigarette packages used an illustration of a sailor with a warship in the background . The sailor ' s cap band reads " HMS Hero " .
Hampstead Barracks Hampstead Barracks is an Australian Army base in the Adelaide suburb of Greenacres , located about to the north of the Adelaide central business district . Situated on the corner of Hampstead and Muller Roads , it is only a small suburban base , sitting on less than 24 acres of land . The barracks is home to the Tom Derrick VC Soldiers ' Club , which is named after Tom Derrick , a South Australian Victoria Cross recipient from the Second World War . The Adelaide Universities Regiment ( AUR ) , an Australian Army Reserve officer training unit , is the main occupying unit , with the base hosting the Regimental Headquarters , as well as Training , Support and Beersheba Companies . The regiment ' s commanding officer is also the garrison commander . Other units located at Hampstead include the Land Warfare Centre – South Australia ( LWC – SA ) , which consists of the Warrant Officer and Non Commissioned Officer Academy South Australian Wing ( WO & NCO A - SA Wing ) and the Regional Education Detachment – South Australia , both of which are units of the Regular Army . The base is also home to a number of cadet units . These include : 4 Flight , No . 604 Squadron , Australian Air Force Cadets , and ' A ' Company , 44 Army Cadet Unit and Headquarters South Australia Australian Army Cadets Brigade ( HQ SA AAC Bde ) . In 2007 , there was a proposal to close the base as part of the rationalisation of Army bases in Adelaide which would have seen the personnel based at Hampstead relocated to RAAF Base Edinburgh and Warradale Barracks . As of 2011 , however , the base remains open .
1971 in the Vietnam War The Battle of Ban Dong was a major battle of the Vietnam War that took place in Laos , involving the North and South Vietnamese armies . The battle lasted from February 8 to March 20 , 1971 . Operation Lam Son 719 ( ) was a limited - objective offensive campaign conducted in southeastern portion of the Kingdom of Laos by the armed forces of the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) . The objective of the campaign was the disruption of a possible future offensive by the People ' s Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) , whose logistical system within Laos was known as the Ho Chi Minh Trail ( the Truong Son Road to North Vietnam ) . March . The SS " Columbia Eagle " incident refers to a mutiny that occurred aboard the merchant vessel " Columbia Eagle " in March 1970 when crewmembers seized the vessel and sailed to Cambodia . Operation " Ranch Hand " was a U . S . Military operation during part of the Vietnam War , it started in 1962 and lasted till May 1971 . It involved spraying an estimated 12 million + US gallons of defoliant s over rural areas of South Vietnam in an attempt to deprive the Viet Cong of vegetation cover and food . Operation Chenla II was a major military operation conducted by the Cambodia n military ( then known as FANK ) during the Cambodian Civil War .
Galveston - class cruiser Originally built as " Cleveland " - class light cruiser s ( CL ) in the United States Navy during World War II , in 1957 three ships were re - designated as " Galveston " - class guided missile light cruisers ( CLG ) and fitted with the Talos long - range surface - to - air missile system . During the two year refit , the aft superstructure was completely replaced and all aft guns were removed to make room for the twin - arm Talos launcher and a 46 - missile storage magazine . Three large masts were also installed in order to hold a variety of radar s , missile guidance , and communications systems . " Little Rock " and " Oklahoma City " were simultaneously converted into fleet flagship s , which involved removing two forward dual and one triple turrets , and replacing them with a massively rebuilt and expanded forward superstructure . " Galveston " , in the non - flagship configuration , retained the " Cleveland " - class ' s standard forward weapons : three dual and two triple turrets . A similar pattern was followed in converting three other ships ( " Providence " , " Springfield " , and " Topeka " ) to operate the Terrier surface - to - air missile system , creating the . " Providence " and " Springfield " were outfitted as fleet flagships , but " Topeka " was not . Like the " Providence " class cruisers , the " Galveston " class ships suffered from serious stability problems caused by the topweight of the missile system . Indeed , the " Galveston " class ships were more affected by heavy Talos missile system than the Terrier equipped ships . Weight reduction measures and the use of ballast were necessary to improve stability . The cruisers , particularly " Galveston " , also suffered from hogging of the hull . All three ships were decommissioned to the reserve fleet between 1970 and 1979 . In the 1975 cruiser realignment , " Little Rock " and " Oklahoma City " were reclassified as guided missile cruisers ( CG ) . The ships were stricken from the Naval Vessel Register between 1973 and 1979 . " Galveston " was scrapped in the mid - 1970s , " Oklahoma City " was sunk as a target in 1999 , and " Little Rock " is a museum ship in Buffalo , NY .