naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Melvin Mayfield Melvin Mayfield ( March 24 , 1919 – June 19 , 1990 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . Mayfield ' s actions , on July 29 , 1945 , were the last to earn a Medal of Honor prior to the August 15 , 1945 , end of hostilities in World War II – though some honorees may have been cited for their Medal after Mayfield ' s recognition on May 31 , 1946 . Biography . Mayfield joined the Army from Nashport , Ohio in February 1941 , and by July 29 , 1945 was serving as a Corporal in Company D , 20th Infantry Regiment , 6th Infantry Division . On that day , in the Cordillera Mountains , Luzon , the Philippines , he single - handedly attacked four enemy positions . For this action , he was awarded the Medal of Honor ten months later , on May 31 , 1946 . Mayfield left the Army while still a corporal . He died at age 71 and was buried in Frazeysburg Cemetery , Frazeysburg , Ohio . Medal of Honor citation . Corporal Mayfield ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : He displayed conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty while fighting in the Cordillera Mountains of Luzon , Philippine Islands . When 2 Filipino companies were pinned down under a torrent of enemy fire that converged on them from a circular ridge commanding their position , Cpl . Mayfield , in a gallant single - handed effort to aid them , rushed from shell hole to shell hole until he reached 4 enemy caves atop the barren fire - swept hill . With grenade s and his carbine , he assaulted each of the caves while enemy fire pounded about him . However , before he annihilated the last hostile redoubt , a machinegun bullet destroyed his weapon and slashed his left hand . Disregarding his wound , he secured more grenades and dauntlessly charged again into the face of pointblank fire to help destroy a hostile observation post . By his gallant determination and heroic leadership , Cpl . Mayfield inspired the men to eliminate all remaining pockets of resistance in the area and to press the advance against the enemy .
Ernst - Eberhard Hell Ernst - Eberhard Hell ( 19 September 1887 – 15 September 1973 ) was a German general who held several divisional commands and was later elevated to Corps level during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Ernst - Eberhard Hell was captured by Soviet troops in August 1944 during the Jassy – Kishinev Offensive ( August 1944 ) and was held until 1955 .
Battle of Bạch Đằng ( 981 ) The Battle of Bạch Đằng ( 981 ) was an important battle in the history of Vietnam ' s struggle against the domination of China to their north . It took place at the Bach Dang River , near Halong Bay in northern Vietnam . For centuries China had treated Vietnam as a province of China In a preceding battle , the Battle of Bạch Đằng River ( 938 ) , China had attacked Vietnam The Vietnamese forces were led by Ngô Quyền He embedded spikes in the river with iron tips that sank the enemy ' s boats , thus defeating China and first ending China ' s domination of Vietnam . In the Battle of Bạch Đằng in 981 CE , the invasion troops of China ' s newly founded ruling dynasty , the Song Dynasty , attacked Đại Cồ Việt with both a navy at Bạch Đằng River ' s mouth and an infantry force at Chi Lang ( Lạng Sơn ) . Lê Hoàn arranged two ambushes at these sites . The first ambush in Bạch Đằng destroyed most of the Song navy and the second wiped out the remaining Song army and ended the invasion .
Poppy ( satellite ) POPPY is the code name given to a series of U . S . intelligence satellites operated by the National Reconnaissance Office . The POPPY satellites recorded ELINT data , targeting radar installations in the Soviet Union and Soviet naval ships at sea . The POPPY program was a continuation within NRO ' s Program C of the Naval Research Laboratory ' s Galactic Radiation and Background ( GRAB ) ELINT program , also known as " Tattletale " . The National Security Agency was given the responsibility of collecting , interpreting , and reporting the signals intercepted . The existence of the POPPY program was declassified by the NRO in September 2005 , although most of the details about its capabilities and operation are still classified . The NRO revealed , though , that the POPPY satellites , like other US SIGINT systems , used the principle of signals time difference of arrival , which enables precise locating of an object . All POPPY launches orbited multiple satellites . The first POPPY launch included two satellites , launch # 2 and # 3 three satellites each , and subsequent launches orbited four satellites each . The full configuration thus employed four vehicles in low Earth orbit . There were seven launches of POPPY satellites from Vandenberg Air Force Base from 1962 until 1971 , all of which were successful . The program continued until August 1977 . Satellite blocks . The size and capabilities ( in particular Radio frequency coverage ) of the GRAB / POPPY satellites evolved over the course of the 19 year program . Block I POPPY satellites had a diameter of , identical to the diameter of the GRAB satellites . Two Block I satellites were launched with the first and third POPPY launch , and one with the second POPPY launch . Block II POPPY satellites had a diameter of and an increased weight . Two Block II satellites were launched on the second POPPY launch , one each on the third and fifth POPPY launch , and four and the forth POPPY launch . Block III POPPY satellites had a diameter of and again an increased weight . Three Block III satellites were launched on the fifth POPPY launch , and four each in the sixth and seventh POPPY launch . Ammonia Microthruster s were used for station keeping in order to maintain the orbital configuration of the POPPY constellation . Satellites used 2 - or 3 - axis gravity gradient stabilization .
Flanders Fields Flanders Fields is the generic name of the World War I battlefields in the medieval County of Flanders . At the time of World War I , the county no longer existed but corresponded approximately to the Belgian provinces East Flanders and West Flanders and the French Nord - Pas - de - Calais region . The name is particularly associated with the battles of Ypres , Passchendaele , and the Somme . For most of the war , the front line ran continuously from south of Zeebrugge , Belgium , to the Swiss border with France ( Alsace and Vosges regions ) . Canadian Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae wrote a poem , inspired by his service during the 2nd Battle of Ypres .
Hikone Castle History . Hikone Castle traces its origin to 1603 when Ii Naokatsu , son of the former daimyo Ii Naomasa , ordered its construction . The keep was originally built in 1575 , as part of Ōtsu Castle , and was moved to Hikone by the Ii clan . Other parts of the castle were moved from Nagahama Castle . Hikone Castle was completed in 1622 . Naokatsu ' s lands had been taken from him in the interval by the Tokugawa shogunate , and when his brother Naotake assumed control of the area around Ōmi Province , he was able to complete the castle by collecting stones from the former Sawayama Castle . When the Meiji era began in 1868 , many castles were scheduled to be dismantled , and only a request from the emperor himself , touring the area , kept Hikone Castle intact . Today it remains one of the oldest original - construction castles in Japan . The main keep of Hikone Castle was designated a National Treasure by the Ministry of Education , Science , Sports and Culture in 1952 . Hikone Castle also has several parts which are designated Important National Cultural Assets : Umaya ( Stable ) , Tenbin Yagura ( Balance Scale Turret ) , Taikomon Yagura ( Drum Gate Turret ) and Nishinomaru Sanju Yagura ( West Bailey Three - story Turret ) .
Tobera Airfield Tobera Airfield was an aerodrome located near Tobera , near Keravat , East New Britain , Papua New Guinea . The airfield was constructed by the Imperial Japanese in World War II during August 1943 . Tobera was later neutralized by Allied air bombing from 1944 . The airfield was abandoned after the cessation of hostilites .
ST Kinetics Compact Personal Weapon The Compact Personal Weapon ( or CPW in short ) is a new development of Singaporean company ST Kinetics . CPW follows the current trend for modularity of design , with intent of providing a compact personal defense weapon of about pistol size but of greater effectiveness for military personnel which is normally not issued with rifle of any kind . It is yet to be seen if STK CPW will be produced in any numbers and adopted by any military or security force . The STK CPW is delayed blowback operated weapon that fires in single shots and in full automatic mode . It is made mostly from impact - resistant polymer , with aluminum alloy receiver . Barrel and bolt can be replaced to change the caliber from standard 9x19 to others ( most possible choice being some small - caliber armor piercing round such as 4 . 6x30 HK or 5 . 7x28 FN ) . Of cause , this also will require use of different magazines , which , in turn , may require replacement of the rear part of the grip . The rear ( removable ) section of the grip and the magazine body are made from translucent polymer for easy check of remaining ammunition supply . Gun features ambidextrous controls , including safety , fire mode selector , bolt catch release and magazine release . It is fitted with telescoped buttstock . Sights are installed using integral Picatinny rail on the top of receiver , with standard being either open sights or red dot . Additional Picatinny rail is provided at the bottom of the gun housing , in front f the trigger guard .
Generalstabens Topografiske Afdeling Generalstabens Topografiske Afdeling ( ) was the cartographic , topographic and general maps department of the Danish army from 1842 to 1928 . It supplied both government and civilian organizations with accurate maps of Denmark . History . " Generalkvartermesterstaben " was a department under the newly erected " Generalstab " of 1808 , the first combined army command in Denmark . The Generalstab is the origin of Army Operational Command . On 8 April 1842 " Generalkvartermesterstaben " and the mapping part of the scientific organisation Det Kongelig Danske Videnskabernes Selskab was merged into " Generalstabens Topografiske Afdeling " . For a short period , 1856 - 1864 , the department was under the Ministry of Trade , other than that , it was under the Ministry of War for the entire span of its life . By law number 82 , of 31 March 1928 , it was merged with Den danske Gradmaaling , two institutions that did somewhat overlapping cartographic and topographic mapping of Denmark , to form Geodætisk Institut . According to a resolution of 1831 , the copyright on topographic map s produced by the " Generalkvartermesterstaben " or the " Generalstabens Topografiske Afdeling " never expires . This order is still valid according to the Danish copyright law ( Ophavsretslovens § 92 ) .
Egyptian Military Academy The Egyptian Military Academy ( ) is the oldest and most prominent military academy in Egypt and North Africa . Traditionally , graduates of the Military Academy are commissioned as officers in the Egyptian Army . However , they may serve in other branches and commands of the Egyptian military establishment . The Military Academy contains branches , which provide additional training and skills . It also features a prolonged study system so as to graduate more elite officers to serve in the 1st Army and Special forces , such as the Branch of Military Arts and Thunderbolt School . The Academy ' s current Director is Major General Esmat Abdul Aziz Murad . History . The founding of the Military Academy dates back to the year 1811 , when the first Military School was set up in the citadel area of Cairo , Egypt ' s capital . In 1820 , the Military School moved to Aswan , and in 1908 , it was relocated to the El - Abassia Military Barracks in the El - Koba Bridge area . Originally reserved for members of the Egyptian upper class , the Academy changed its rules for admission in 1936 to allow the sons of lower and middle - class families to enter . In March 1938 , the Military School ' s name changed to become the Military Academy . After the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 , the Military Academy ' s present site was established and inaugurated by the late Egyptian President Gamal Abd El - Nasser on March 3 , 1955 . Mission . The Military Academy aims to prepare and qualify cadets to become combat officers capable of commanding sub - units during times of peace and war , and under various psychological , physical and morale conditions . With this thorough scientific and cultural training that enables them to efficiently adapt to the swift advances in the area of military science , cadets are able to maintain the highest level of combat efficiency of their units . Degrees and syllabus . The Military Academy awards two types of degrees : The institution also offers additional courses : External links . • The Military Academy website
Cresswell Clementi Air Vice Marshal Cresswell Montagu Clementi CB , CBE ( 30 December 1918 – 26 August 1981 ) was the son of Cecil Clementi , Governor of Hong Kong . Clementi was born in British Guiana during his father ' s posting there as Colonial Secretary . He joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve , and the RAF in 1939 . He attended the British nuclear tests in 1958 at Christmas Island . He retired in 1974 . He was Master of the Mercers ' Company in 1977 . His son Sir David Clementi has recently stepped down as chairman of Prudential plc .
Richard W . O ' Neill Richard William O ' Neill ( August 28 , 1898 – April 9 , 1982 ) was a soldier in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during World War I . Biography . O ' Neill was born in New York City , New York on August 28 , 1898 and died April 9 , 1982 . He is buried in Gate of Heaven Cemetery Hawthorne , New York . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Sergeant , U . S . Army , Company D , 165th Infantry , 42d Division . Place and date : On the Ourcq River , France , 30 July 1918 . Entered service at : New York , N . Y . Birth : New York , N . Y . G . O . No . : 30 , W . D . , 1921 . Citation : In advance of an assaulting line , he attacked a detachment of about 25 of the enemy . In the ensuing hand - to - hand encounter he sustained pistol wounds , but heroically continued in the advance , during which he received additional wounds : but , with great physical effort , he remained in active command of his detachment . Being again wounded , he was forced by weakness and loss of blood to be evacuated , but insisted upon being taken first to the battalion commander in order to transmit to him valuable information relative to enemy positions and the disposition of our men .
31st Tactical Air Base The 31st Tactical Air Base ( Polish : 31 Baza Lotnictwa Taktycznego – 31 . BLoT ) is the biggest military unit of Polish Air Force . Unit was created in 2008 as a result of fusion of three previous units : 31st Air Base , 3rd Tactical Squadron and 6th Tactical Squadron . Unit operates two squadrons of F - 16 C / D fighters ( 16 planes in each squadron ) and two Mi - 2 utility helicopters . Currently operates F - 16 fighters only . Previously the 31st Air Base ( ) had been organised as a Polish Air Force base , located in Krzesiny , part of the Nowe Miasto district of Poznań . It is the first base to host the recently acquired F - 16 fighters . The base was officially constituted on 31 December 2000 . 3rd and 6th Tactical Squadrons . The 3rd Tactical Squadron had previously been part of the 31st Air Base since 31 December 2000 . The 6th Fighter Squadron was previously known as the 6th Fighter - Bomber Aviation Regiment ( 6 Pułk Lotnictwa Myśliwsko - Bombowego ) ( 1982 – 1998 ) and the 6th Tactical Air Squadron ( 6 Eskadra Lotnictwa Taktycznego ) ( 2000 – 2008 ) Air Base . The 31st Air Force Base is a logistic unit , providing comprehensive support for training and warfare of all air force units residing on base area . It provides a wide range of support for air units deployed to the base for tasks during peacetime , in states of emergency , or in war situations . It also provided logistic support for other units permanently or temporarily deployed to the base , as well as SAR , CSAR and CAP duties . Main tasks of the air base include :
Tianlian I - 01 Tianlian I - 01 ( Simplified Chinese : 天链一号01星 , Traditional Chinese : 天鏈一號01星 ) is the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite ( TDRS ) launched by People ' s Republic of China , and the first satellite of Tianlian I TDRS series . The satellite . The satellite has multiple roles and will especially serve for China ' s manned spaceflight . Its first task could be for the Shenzhou 7 communication . Launch . The satellite was launched successfully by the Long March 3C rocket in Xichang Satellite Launch Centre at local time 23 : 35 April 25 , 2008 . It was the 105th launch of the Long March Rocket Family . The rocket had 3 stages , 2 roll boosters , a 55 m height ; and was liquid - fueled . Its initial weight was ~ 343 t . 00 : 00 April 26 , 2008 , the Xi ' an Satellite Control Centre received the feedback signal , which showed the satellite accurately entered its predesigned orbit . 08 : 25 GMT April 30 , 2008 , the satellite was announced to be successfully set at E . 77 degrees over the equator .
83d Fighter - Day Group The 83d Fighter - Day Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 83d Fighter - Day Wing , stationed at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base , North Carolina . It was inactivated on 8 December 1957 . During World War II , the 83d Fighter Group served as a First Air Force P - 47 Thunderbolt replacement training unit ( RTU ) . In the Cold War , the 83d Fighter - Day Group was a Tactical Air Command unit initially equipped with F - 86 Sabre s , and subsequently F - 100 Super Sabre s . The unit was inactivated in place on 8 December 1957 , its personnel and equipment being assigned to the 4th Fighter - Day Wing , which was activated as a redesignation of the 83d Fighter - Day Wing that was also inactivated in place . The 4th Fighter Wing with its operational squadrons have , under various designations , remained at Seymour Johnson AFB for over 50 years .
Eduard Crasemann Eduard Crasemann ( 5 March 1891 – 29 April 1950 ) was a highly decorated General der Artillerie in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several divisions . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . General der Artillerie Crasemann was captured by British troops in the Ruhr Pocket . In 1947 he was convicted for war crimes by a British court in Padua , on a charge of complicity with the mass execution of 175 Italian civilians in the Fucecchio Marshes near Florence on 23 August 1944 . Sentenced to 10 years , he spent the rest of his life in prison .
Blake - class cruiser The " Blake " class was a two - ship class of first - class protected cruiser built around 1890 for the Royal Navy . Design . The " Blake " class were designed under the supervision of William White , shortly after he had become Director of Naval Construction . They were planned to combine the roles of trade protection with the ability to operate with the fleet when required . As such , the design requirement combined high speed and long range . Unlike the previous class of first - class cruisers for the Royal Navy , the " Orlando " class , the new class were protected cruiser s , with protection provided by a full - length armoured deck with no side armour . They were the first class of first - class cruisers built for the Royal Navy . Main gun armament was similar to that of the " Orlando " s , consisting of two Mark VI breech loading guns mounted in single mounts fore and aft on the ship ' s centreline , and ten 6 in ( 152 mm ) QF guns , of which six were mounted in single mounts on the ships ' top deck and the remaining four mounted behind armoured casemates on the ships ' main deck . Secondary armament consisted on sixteen 3 pounder guns . Four 14 inch torpedo tubes completed the ships ' armament , with two submerged tubes and two above the waterline . The arched armoured deck was at approximately the level of the waterline , with a thickness of at the centre and at the sides , while the ships ' conning tower was protected by of armour . The 9 . 2 inch guns were behind gunshields while the casemates protecting the main deck 6 inch guns were 6 inch thick . Machinery consisted of 4 three - cylinder triple expansion engines fed by six double - ended cylindrical boilers and driving two shafts . The engines generated under natural draught and with forced draught , giving a speed of with forced draught and with natural draught . The forward two engines could be disconnected for longer endurance at low speeds . of coal could be carried , double the fuel of the " Orlando " s , giving a range of at , which was much less than the expected . Service . The two ships were obsolete by the outbreak of the First World War , and served as depot ships . HMS " Blenheim " had the more active career , supporting the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force at the Battle of Gallipoli , and repatriating three dignitaries to their home countries after their deaths abroad . They were Prince Henry of Battenberg and former Canadian Prime Ministers Sir John Thompson and Sir Charles Tupper . Building Programme . The following table gives the build details and purchase cost of the members of the " Blake " class . Standard British practice at that time was for these costs to exclude armament and stores .
Battle of Hjörungavágr The Battle of Hjörungavágr ( Norwegian Slaget ved Hjørungavåg ) is a semi - legendary naval battle that took place in the late 10th century between the Jarls of Lade and a Danish invasion fleet led by the fabled Jomsvikings . This battle played an important role in the struggle by Haakon Sigurdsson to unite his rule over Norway . History . Haakon Sigurdsson ruled Norway as a vassal of King Harald Bluetooth of Denmark , but he was in reality an independent ruler . Haakon was a strong believer in the old Norse gods . When Harald Bluetooth attempted to force Christianity upon him around 975 , Haakon broke his allegiance to Denmark . Harald Bluetooth had suffered defeat from the Otto II , Holy Roman Emperor . Haakon took advantage of the weakened position of the Danish king to make Norway independent of Denmark . Sources . The battle is described in the Norse kings ' sagas — such as " Heimskringla " — as well as in " Jómsvíkinga saga " and Saxo Grammaticus ' " Gesta Danorum " . Saxo Grammaticus estimated that the battle took place while Harald Bluetooth was still alive . Traditional has set the battle during the year 986 . Those late literary accounts are fanciful but historians believe that they contain a kernel of truth . Some contemporary skaldic poetry alludes to the battle , including verses by Þórðr Kolbeinsson and Tindr Hallkelsson . The battle has also been the subject of later poems and sagas . " Jómsvíkingadrápa " by Bjarni Kolbeinsson honors the fallen Jomsvikings at the Battle of Hjörungavágr . " Vellekla " , composed by the Icelandic skald Einarr Helgason , speaks of the Battle of Hjörungavágr . " Fagrskinna " , contains a history of Norway with a heavy emphasis on battles , including the Battle of Hjörungavágr . " Jómsvíkinga saga " offers two mutually contradictory descriptions of the bay in which the battle took place . According to the first one , Hjorungavágr lies on the landward side of the island Hoð ( now Hareidlandet , an island in Møre og Romsdal ) . According to the other , the bay is situated south of an island called Primsigð / Primsignd and north of an island called Horund . Both of these names are unknown today .