naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Japanese destroyer Hayashimo Battle of the Philippine Sea : Assigned to Force B . In the Battle of Leyte Gulf , " Hayashimo " escorted the 1st Diversion Attack Force commanded by Admiral Kurita Takeo . She was damaged on 25 October 1944 during air attacks in the Battle off Samar . Falling behind the withdrawing fleet , she was escorted toward Coron by until 26 October , when latter was ordered to rejoin the fleet . " Hayashimo " lost her bow to a torpedo in renewed air attacks on 26 October . She was grounded and sank in shallow water off Semirara Island , 40 miles ( 75 km ) southeast of Mindoro ( ) . Salvage attempts and sporadic air attacks continued through 12 November , when the last of the crew finally abandoned ship .
Battle of Dover ( 1217 ) The Battle of Dover was a naval battle fought in early 1217 between an English fleet of 30 - 40 ships under Hubert de Burgh and a French fleet of 80 ( mostly small craft ) under Eustace the Monk . An English victory , the battle is notable as the first known example of the use of sailing tactics . During the First Barons ' War , the rebelling barons had asked Prince Louis take the throne of England away from King John . In 1216 , Louis had landed in England and captured all of the Cinque Ports in the southeast , except for Dover , where de Burgh stubbornly held out against a siege of many months . In August , Louis sent reinforcements for the siege across the English Channel , consisting of 900 troops and supplies on board 10 warships and 70 small craft . De Burgh had a fleet of 16 large ships and about 20 appropriated merchant vessels ; he sailed out from Dover to intercept the French before they could land . In a novel move , de Burgh attacked from upwind , first launching a shower of crossbow bolts , followed by quicklime dust to blind the French . After this , the ships closed for the usual boarding and hand - to - hand combat , in which the English were able to destroy or capture 3 / 4 of Eustace ' s ships . Eustace was able to get away , but in the naval Battle of Sandwich in August , he was captured and beheaded .
514th Operations Group The 514th Operations Group ( 514 OG ) is a United States Air Force Reserve unit , assigned to the 514th Air Mobility Wing . It is stationed at Joint Base McGuire - Dix - Lakehurst , New Jersey . Overview . The 514th Operations Group is the flying component of the 514th Air Mobility Wing . The group flies aircraft assigned to the active - duty 305th Air Mobility Wing , also based at McGuire . The 514 OG shares the responsibility of maintaining and flying the KC - 10A Extender and the C - 17 Globemaster III . History . The 514th trained in the U . S . with C - 46 and C - 47 aircraft before moving to India in November 1944 , beginning operations in early December as part of the combined Combat Cargo Task Force . It transported reinforcements and supplies for Allied forces in Burma until May 1945 . Operations included moving equipment and materials for the Ledo Road in December 1944 ; transporting men , mules , and boats when the Allies crossed the Ayeyarwady River in February 1945 ; and dropping Gurkha paratroop s during the assault on Rangoon in May . The group moved to Burma in June and hauled ammunition , gasoline , mules , and men to China until the war ended . The group trained in the Reserve for troop carrier operations , May 1947 until the establishment of the wing in 1949 and from then until February 1953 first at Birmingham , Alabama under supervision of the 2587th Air Force Reserve Training Center but moved without personnel or equipment to Mitchel Air Force Base , New York during its first year . The wing was ordered to active service in May 1951 . From then until February 1953 , the wing performed troop carrier missions in tactical exercises and joint training operations . It operated a C - 46 combat crew training school from 15 September 1952 to 20 January 1953 . Activated in the Reserve in Aug 1992 to fly strategic airlift missions . Provided trained personnel to augment active force in emergencies . Personnel assigned to its squadrons participated in contingency airlift operations , some to Africa , and in training exercises . The group also began flying air refueling missions in 1994 .
Rolf Pingel Rolf Pingel ( 1 October 1913 – 4 April 2000 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Career . Pingel was born 1 October 1913 in Kiel , at the time in the Province of Schleswig - Holstein , a province of the Kingdom of Prussia . Following completion of his flying training in 1937 , Leutnant Pingel was posted to I . / JG 134 . He then served with the Condor Legion in the Spanish Civil War as a fighter pilot with 2 . / Jagdgruppe 88 . He claimed six victories , in some 200 operations , and was awarded the Spanish Cross in Gold . Lt . Pingel was then transferred in as " Staffelkapitän " , 2 . / JG 334 in October 1937 . 2 . / JG 334 became 2 . / JG 53 in March 1939 . When the war broke out " Oberleutnant " Pingel claimed a French Air Force Mureaux 113 of GAO 1 / 506 near Saarlautern on 10 September 1939 . On 30 September , he claimed a RAF Fairey Battle of No . 150 Squadron over the Saarbrücken - Merzig area , one of five claimed shot down by JG 53 . On 11 June Pingel shot down two Morane MS 406 fighters . In August 1940 , during the Battle of Britain " Hauptmann " Pingel was posted as " Gruppenkommandeur " of I . / JG 26 . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross on 14 September . On 28 September , Pingel shot down a 249 Squadron Hawker Hurricane near Maidstone but his own aircraft was badly damaged , forcing Pingel to ditch off the English coast and be rescued by German air - sea rescue . After 9 claims during the latter half of 1940 , Pingel claimed his 20th air victory on 22 June 1941 , a Spitfire near Dunkirk . On 10 July 1941 Rolf Pingel was forced to land in England after being hit by return fire from a British Short Stirling bomber that he was pursuing . He descended to low altitude but was harried by several Spitfires , and he crashed landed near St . Margarets Bay and was taken prisoner by a detachment of Home Guard . He was released in 1947 . Pingel ' s aircraft , Bf 109 F – 2 , Werk Nr . 12764 , was returned to flying condition by the RAF and allocated the serial number ES906 . It was briefly flown for evaluation testing until it crashed near Fowlmere on 20 October 1941 , killing its Polish pilot F / O J . Skalski . During his career Pingel was credited with 28 aerial victories , 6 in the Spanish Civil War and another 22 in World War II , in some 550 combat flights .
World War II Prisoner of War Camp , Gettysburg Battlefield , Pennsylvania The World War II Prisoner of War camp on the Gettysburg Battlefield operated from June 29 , 1945 , through April 1946 at the former site of the McMillan Woods CCC camp . The camp consolidated prisoners of war from the Gettysburg Armory on Seminary Ridge ( 100 POWs on September 16 , 1944 ) and those from the stockade on the Emmitsburg Road ( 350 prisoners ) at the former World War I Camp Colt site . On January 22 , 1945 , the U . S . Employment Service began using Gettysburg POWs for pulpwood cutting , and in June the camp opened with 500 German POWs ( 932 by July ) , POW employment ended February 23 , 1946 ; and by April 13 , 1946 , only guards remained at the POW Camp ( guards had numbered as high as 50 . ) The last commander was Captain James W Copley , and before the camp was opened , Captain Lawrence Thomas had been the commander of both Gettysburg facilities and the Camp Michaux interrogation facility near Pine Grove Furnace State Park .
57th Division ( Imperial Japanese Army ) The was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army . Its call sign was the . History . The 57th Division was created in Hirosaki , Aomori to be a reserve and training division for the 8th Division on 10 July 1940 . Its manpower was recruited from the northern prefectures of Aomori and Akita , and its call - sign “ Oku ” was taken from the ancient name of the Tohoku region of northern Honshū , " Oshu " . Initially under direct command of Emperor Hirohito , at the end of 1940 , it was transferred to the Northern China Area Army , and subsequently to the Kwantung Army on 1 August 1941 , and redeployed to Manchukuo . It served as a garrison force in Manchukuo throughout the course of the Second Sino - Japanese War without seeing combat . In March 1945 , as the Americans were closing in on the Japanese home islands , the 57th Division was transferred to the 16th Area Army and redeployed to Kyushu . At the end of the Pacific War , it surrendered to the United States and was disbanded . Organization . The order of battle for the 57th Division was : IJA 57th Division Allentown , PA : 1981
Tairov OKO - 7 The OKO - 7 was to have been a heavy fighter produced in the Ukraine region of the USSR in 1940 Designed to a 1940 VVS requirement for a heavy fighter , the OKO - 7 was to have been powered by two I , 500 hp Shvetsov M - 90 ( Ash - 90 ) or two 1 , 380 hp Mikulin AM - 37 engines , with armament of three 20mm ShVAK cannon and two 7 . 62mm ShKAS machine - guns . The OKO - 7 . was Tairov ' s last known design before he was killed in an air crash in December 1941 .
Walter Devereux , 7th Baron Ferrers of Chartley Walter Devereux , jure uxoris 7th Baron Ferrers of Chartley ( c . 1431 – 22 August 1485 ) was a minor member of the English peerage and a loyal supporter of the Yorkist cause during the Wars of the Roses . He was killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field , fighting for Richard III . Family . Walter was born in Weobley , Herefordshire . His parents were Walter Devereux , Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1449 to about 1451 and his wife Elizabeth Merbury . His mother was the daughter and heiress of Sir John Merbury , Chief Justice of South Wales . Marriage . At the age of only thirteen , Walter married Anne Ferrers , 7th Baroness Ferrers of Chartley - who predeceased him by seventeen years - and became Baron Ferrers of Chartley in right of his wife in 1462 . They had at least five children : Career . He was knight of the shire for Herefordshire in 1450 . As a Yorkist , he held many offices under Edward IV . In 1461 and 1469 , Walter was commissioner of array for Herefordshire , Shropshire and Gloucestershire , as well as Worcestershire in 1469 . He also served in 1470 and 1471 , as joint commissioner of array for Herefordshire , and then again in 1474 for Herefordshire and Shropshire . Walter ' s military career was also thorough . He fought at Towton in 1461 , where he was made a Knight of the Garter . He also fought at Barnet and Tewkesbury . Death . Walter Devereux supported Richard III of England during his reign , and fought on his side at the Battle of Bosworth Field ( 22 August 1485 ) . There , Lord Ferrers commanded in the vanguard under John Howard , Duke of Norfolk , alongside Sir Robert Brackenbury and Thomas Howard , Earl of Surrey . Devereux was slain during the initial fight with the opposing van under John de Vere , 13th Earl of Oxford , fighting next to the young John , Lord Zouche . An in - law , Sir John Ferrers , was also killed at Bosworth .
Philipp Wild Philipp Wild was an Oberscharführer in the Waffen SS during World War II . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Obscharführer Philipp Wild was a tank commander in the 1st Company , 11th SS Panzer Regiment " Hermann von Salza " , 11th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division " Nordland " when he was awarded the Knight ' s Cross in March 1944 .
Richard Caswell Richard Caswell ( August 3 , 1729 – November 10 , 1789 ) was the first and fifth governor of the U . S . State of North Carolina , serving from 1776 to 1780 and from 1784 to 1787 . Early life . He was born on August 3 , 1729 in Joppa , Harford County , Maryland , one of the eleven children of Richard Caswell and the former Christian Dallam . The younger Richard Caswell departed Maryland for the New Bern area of North Carolina in 1745 . American Revolution . A lawyer and surveyor by training , Caswell represented North Carolina in the Continental Congress of 1774 and 1775 . As a Patriot officer in the American Revolutionary War , Caswell led North Carolina militiamen in the Battle of Moore ' s Creek Bridge . In 1780 he was also commissioned as a major general of North Carolina troops . At the Battle of Camden , his troops fled after the Virginia militia broke and fled in a panic exposing Caswell ' s militia to attack without greater defense , leaving the Continentals behind to suffer defeat . Revolutionary governor . Caswell was president of the provincial congress that wrote the first North Carolina Constitution in 1776 . As the congress adjourned , it elected Caswell as acting governor . He took the oath of office on January 16 , 1777 . Under the new constitution , the state Legislature ( " General Assembly " ) re - elected him as the first Governor in April 1777 . He stepped down in 1780 , as the constitution allowed only three consecutive one - year terms . He then assumed command of all of North Carolina ' s militia , which he commanded at the American defeat at Camden , 16 August 1780 . Later career and death . He served as the state ' s comptroller and as a member of the North Carolina Senate between his two gubernatorial terms . Caswell was also chosen to be one of North Carolina ' s delegates to the United States Constitutional Convention of 1787 , but he did not attend . At the time of his death in 1789 , he had returned once again to the North Carolina General Assembly , this time serving as Speaker of the Senate . Caswell died in Fayetteville , N . C . , on November 10 , 1789 . Legacy . Caswell County , North Carolina and Fort Caswell were named for him .
Battle of In Arab The Battle of In Arab ( Arabic : فن السبة ) was a two day long armed confrontation between a unit of the MNLA and a group of MOJWA fighters . The battle resulted in an Azawad victory but both sides suffered casualties . On 29 March , Tuareg specialists part of the MNLA ( Movement for the National Liberation of Azawad ) clashed with jihadists rebels between the cities of Anefif and Bourem in Northern Mali , located on the border between the Kidal and Gao Cercle s . According to the MNLA a military unit of the Azawad army clashed with terrorists elements from the MOJWA . The battle was said to have lasted all day and left at least two to four fighters from the MNLA and five terrorists dead . However , a Malian security source said the fighting took place around the village of Almoustarat and left 20 dead on the side of the MNLA and two on the Islamists . The MNLA said that the nationality of the jihadists were listed as three Algerians , one Malian and one Mauritian , also one Tuareg was taken prisoner . On 30 March , clashes continued in the afternoon around the village of In - Arab to the north west of Teghboubinene where the previous fighting was said to be held . After two hours of allegedly battling the brigade of the " Signatories by the Blood " led by Mokhtar belMokhtar , the group was defeated leaving at least 17 dead , including five MNLA fighters and around twelve jihadists . Abou Haq Younousse the brigades leader was said to be among those killed
Cleobury Castle Cleobury Castle was sited by the River Rea in the small town of Cleobury Mortimer in Shropshire which lies between the towns of Ludlow and Bewdley ( ) . Mortimer Stronghold . The castle was built in the early 12th century and owned by the Mortimer family . Hugh de Mortimer rebelled against Henry II and as a result the castle was destroyed in 1155 . Today . Only earthworks now remain .
Ben Gardane Airfield Ben Gardane Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Tunisia , which was located near Bin Qirdan ( Madanin ) ; about 420 km south - southeast of Tunis . It was a temporary airfield built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers , used by the United States Army Air Force Ninth Air Force during the Tunisian Campaign . It was used by the 57th Fighter Group , which flew P - 40 Warhawk s from the airfield between 9 – 21 March 1943 during the British Eighth Army ' s advance into Tunisia from Libya , to which the 57th was attached . When the Americans moved out at the end of April 1943 , the airfield was dismantled and abandoned . Today the airfield ' s precise location is undetermined , as agricultural fields have obliterated its existence .
German Type U 151 submarine Type U 151 U - boat s were a class of large , long - range submarines constructed during World War I by the Kaiserliche Marine . Background . In addition to the cargo - carrying submarine " Deutschland " , six further large cargo submarines were ordered , originally designed to ship material to and from locations otherwise denied German surface ship s , such as the United States . On 16 December 1916 , four under construction in the Reiherstieg and Flensburger Schiffbau yards were taken over by the navy and converted to military specification as Type U 151 U - boats , being designated " U - 151 " to " U - 154 " . The remaining two , along with the " Deutschland " , which became " U - 155 " , passed into naval control in February 1917 , as " U - 156 " and " U - 157 " . All were fitted with two bow torpedo tubes and could carry 18 torpedoes , with the exception of the former " Deutschland " , which was fitted with six tubes . All were armed with two 15 cm deck guns , and carried a crew of 35 . They had a cruising range of around . The success of the Type U 151 submarines led to " Project 46 " , the larger Type U 139 " U - cruisers " , designed from the outset as military submarines . Service . " Deutschland " made two successful commercial voyages before being commissioned into the Kaiserliche Marine on February 17 , 1917 as " U - 155 " . The famous Max Valentiner commanded a Type U 151 U - boat , " U - 157 " , and undertook the longest cruise in the war from November 27 , 1917 to April 15 , 1918 , a total of 139 days . High - scoring Waldemar Kophamel also commanded a Type U 151 U - boat , " U - 151 " in late summer and fall of 1917 . List of Type U 151 submarines . Seven Type U 151 submarines were built , of which six were commissioned into the Kaiserliche Marine .
Battery Chamberlin Battery Chamberlin is an artillery battery in the Presidio of San Francisco , San Francisco , California , United States . The battery is named in honor of Captain Lowell A . Chamberlin , who had served with distinction in the Civil War . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7 , 1976 . This Endicott - era battery was built in 1904 with four six - inch rifled guns mounted on disappearing carriages and was intended to protect underwater minefields laid outside the Golden Gate during the time of war . These guns had a maximum range of 7 . 5 miles and crews were trained to fire two rounds per minute . The original guns were removed in 1917 for use in World War I . The battery received two six - inch guns on simple barbette carriages in 1920 . During World War II , the Sixth Coast Artillery ( Harbor Defense ) Regiment , Battery " D , " manned the two guns at Battery Chamberlin , living on - site until the end of the war . The battery was covered with camouflage netting to hide it from air attack . These guns were removed in 1948 . In 1977 , the National Park Service received the Six - Inch Rifle Gun Number Nine and disappearing carriage , listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places , from the Smithsonian Institution . The gun and carriage were installed at gun emplacement Number Four at Battery Chamberlin , and are the same type as those installed in 1904 . This is one of the few disappearing guns in the world that still operate , moving from loading to firing position . Operation of the gun is open to the public , usually on the first full weekend of each month from 11am to 3pm . An underground magazine contains photos and small exhibits on the harbor defenses of San Francisco . The battery is located at the north end of the parking lot at Baker Beach .
No . 121 Squadron RAF No . 121 Squadron was a Royal Air Force ( RAF ) aircraft squadron that during the Second World War was one of the three Eagle Squadron s manned by American volunteers . History . In World War I . No . 121 Squadron Royal Flying Corps ( Royal Air Force from 1 April 1918 ) was formed at Narborough on 1 January 1918 as a day bomber squadron to operate the Airco DH . 9 . The squadron was equipped with Airco DH . 4 s for training , but due to delays with the DH . 9 and the end of the war approaching , the squadron was disbanded on 17 August 1918 without becoming operational . In World War II . The squadron was reformed on 14 May 1941 as No . 121 ( Eagle ) Squadron at RAF Kirton - in - Lindsey , the second of three Eagle Squadrons manned by American volunteers . Equipped with the Hawker Hurricane , the squadron then converted to the Supermarine Spitfire and moved south to RAF North Weald to begin operations on channel sweeps and " Rhubarb " operations . On 15 November 1941 the squadron claimed its first enemy aircraft destroyed . The squadron then upgraded to cannon - armed Spitfire VBs and carried out offensive operations over the channel and providing bomber escorts . To the USAAF . In September 1942 , the squadron moved to RAF Debden to be with the other Eagle squadrons . The squadron was transferred to the United States Army Air Forces as the 335th Fighter Squadron and officially disbanded as a RAF unit on 29 September 1942 . The new squadron became part of the 4th Fighter Group of the Eighth Air Force .
William Gustavus Brown General William Gustavus Brown ( died 27 November 1883 ) was Commander of British Troops in China and Hong Kong . Military career . Brown was commissioned into the 24th Regiment of Foot . Having served as a Brigadier - General at Aldershot , he was promoted to Major - General and made Commander of British Troops in China and Hong Kong in 1863 . During his term in command he put down a disturbance at Taitsan ; allegations were made at the time about cruelty by British troops but were subsequently dismissed as groundless . He was also Colonel of the 83rd ( County of Dublin ) Regiment of Foot . In retirement he lived in Sydenham in Kent .
HMAS Sirocco HMAS " Sirocco " ( Q21 ) was a channel patrol boat operated by the Naval Auxiliary Patrol of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) during World War II . " Sirocco " was destroyed by fire and burnt to the waterline at Hobart on 26 January 1942 .