naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
BL 14 - inch Railway Gun Ordnance BL 14 inch gun on truck , railway were 2 British 14 inch Mk III naval guns mounted on railway carriages , used on the Western Front in 1918 . The guns had a very brief service life and were scrapped in 1926 , but their railway carriages were re - used for mounting guns in World War II . Design and development . The guns were built by Armstrongs ( Elswick Ordnance Company ) and were originally intended to be mounted as a pair in a twin turret on the Japanese battleship " Yamashiro " but the order was not completed . Hence the breech of the left gun , which became known as " Scene Shifter " , opened to the left which was unusual for a British army gun , while that of the right gun , " Boche Buster " , opened to the right . Work on mounting them on railway carriages began in 1916 but was not completed until 1918 . The gun was fired from curved sections of track off the main line which allowed it to be pointed in the required direction , and the gun mount could traverse 2° left and right for finer adjustments . To adjust more than 2° the entire gun car was moved forward or backward along its track . The railway mounting was of the " cradle and rolling recoil " type : the gun was mounted high up in a standard cradle with hydropneumatic buffers which allowed the gun to recoil 34 inches on firing at maximum elevation without striking the ground , and the remaining recoil force was expended by allowing the entire railway car to roll backwards 20 – 30 feet until stopped by its brakes . The gun car had a winch at the front attached by cable to a strongpoint further ahead , and the winch dragged the gun car back to its firing position . The advantage of this system was that no special track preparation was required and the gun could fire from any position along its curved section of track . Combat service . The guns arrived with their carriages in France on 26 May 1918 , but incomplete , and were not in action until 8 August . The two guns were operated by 471 Siege Battery from May 1918 , and were known as " HM Gun Boche Buster " , operating near Arras with First Army , and " HM Gun Scene Shifter " , operating near Bethune with Fifth Army . They were used for long - range interdiction fire on key German targets such as railway junctions . King George V personally oversaw the firing of the first shell by Boche Buster from near Marœuil , 6 km NW of Arras , on 8 August in a fireplan to hit German reinforcements being sent south to oppose the British Amiens offensive . This shell heavily damaged a railway junction at Douai and became known as " The King ' s Shot " . A total of approximately 235 rounds were fired by the guns during their four months on the Western Front . 14 inch was not a standard British service calibre and hence it was impractical to keep the guns in service after World War I ended . The guns were declared obsolete in 1926 and scrapped . In 1940 the railway carriages were re - used : " Scene Shifter ' s " for mounting a 13 . 5 inch gun and " Boche Buster ' s " for an howitzer , for home defence in Britain .
Treaty of Vienna ( 1738 ) The Treaty of Vienna or Peace of Vienna was signed on November 18 , 1738 . It was the last of the major international treaties written in Latin . It ended the War of the Polish Succession . By the terms of the treaty , Stanisław Leszczyński renounced his claim on the Polish throne and recognized Augustus III , Duke of Saxony . As compensation he received instead the Duchy of Lorraine and Bar , which was to pass to France upon his death . He died in 1766 . Francis Stephen , who was the Duke of Lorraine , was indemnified with the vacant throne of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany , the last Medici having died in 1737 . France also agreed to the Pragmatic Sanction in the Treaty of Vienna . In another provision of the treaty , the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily were ceded by Austria to Duke Charles of Parma and Piacenza , the younger son of King Philip V of Spain . Charles , in turn , had to cede Parma to Austria , and to give up his claims to the throne of Tuscany in favor of Francis Stephen .
De oppresso liber De oppresso liber is the motto of the United States Army Special Forces . Meaning . United States Army tradition . It is United States Army tradition that this phrase in Latin is considered to mean " to free from oppression " or " to liberate the oppressed " , in English . However , a translation of " to free from oppression " would be " de oppressione liberare " . Similarly , " to liberate the oppressed " means " oppressos liberare " . Actual translation . Possible translations of the phrase " de oppresso liber " are : " a free ( man ) out of an oppressed ( man ) " ( close to " freedom out of oppression " ) , " free from having been oppressed " , " out of the overthrown ( man ) , the free ( man ) . " Grammatical structure . The structure resembles that of the motto " E pluribus unum " . The preposition " de " with the ablative case , however , cannot express the idea of an ablative of separation , which one would expect from either the ablative by itself or ' ex ' or ' ab ' with the ablative . The word " de " denotes , instead , not separation " from " , but a source " in " the oppressed . The word " liber " means not the verb " to free " but simply the adjective " free " , which , in the masculine singular form here used , may be interpreted as a noun , meaning " a free man " ; while " oppressus " is not the noun " oppression " but the adjective " overthrown . " Similar phrases . The motto resembles the following St . Augustine quote : See also Isaiah 1 : 17 : Lineage . The phrase stems from the exploits of World War II Office of Strategic Services Jedburgh / Sussex Teams operating behind the lines in France . Colonel Aaron Bank , father of United States Army Special Forces , and his teams enabled the French Resistance to grow and oppose the occupying German Army . The unconventional warfare tactics of Colonel Bank differed from the conventional warfare tactics of the rest of the United States Army in that they included clandestine support for one side of an existing conflict and that they were subversive to the Nazi forces in power . Sculpture . The sculpture America ' s Response Monument is subtitled " De Oppresso Liber " . It is a life - and - a - half scale bronze statue located in the West Street lobby of One World Financial Center opposite Ground Zero in New York City . Unofficially known as the " Horse Soldier Statue " , it is the first public monument dedicated to the United States Special Forces and commemorates the servicemen and women of America ’ s Special Operations response to 9 / 11 , including those who fought in the early days of Operation Enduring Freedom , which led to the initial defeat of the Taliban in Afghanistan . It was conceived by a private citizen , sculptor Douwe Blumberg , and commissioned by an anonymous group of Wall Street bankers who lost friends in the 9 / 11 attacks . It was dedicated on November 11 , 2011 in a ceremony led by Vice President Joe Biden and Lt . Gen . John Mulholland , commander of Special Operations Command .
Lockheed Martin ALHTK Lockheed Martin ALHTK ( sometimes spelled Lockheed Martin Air Launched Hit To Kill ) is a Lockheed Martin program sponsored by the USAF and Missile Defense Agency . ALHTK mounts the PAC - 3 missile on the wing of an F - 15 by using an external shell in the shape of a fuel tank to house the PAC - 3 missile . The F - 15 was fielded by the US Air Force in 1976 , and the PAC - 3 by the US Army in 1999 . The PAC - 3 missile has been used successfully in operations in Iraq . The combined ALHTK system engages ballistic missiles in both the boost and terminal phases of ballistic flight . MDA has supported this work since 2005 .
USS Ouachita County ( LST - 1071 ) USS " Ouachita County " ( LST - 1071 ) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II . Named for Ouachita County , Arkansas , she was the only U . S . Naval vessel to bear the name . Originally laid down as " LST - 1071 " on 13 February 1945 by the Bethlehem - Hingham Shipyard , Inc . of Hingham , Massachusetts ; launched on 14 March 1945 ; and commissioned on 9 April 1945 with Lieutenant W . C . Scott in command . Service history . World War II , 1945 . Following shakedown in Chesapeake Bay , " LST – 1071 " steamed north to New York where she took on pontoon gear , LCT sections and LCT personnel . On 27 May 1945 she departed the East Coast for the Panama Canal and Pearl Harbor where she exchanged her LCT cargo and passengers for one complete LCT and Army troops bound for Guam . There , at that Marianas island when World War II ended , she took on 139th Construction Battalion personnel and sailed for Saipan and Okinawa . Post - war activities , 1945 – 1946 . On 14 September she steamed into Tokyo Bay , from the Ryūkyūs , with Fifth Air Force units en route to occupation duty on Honshū . She completed another Okinawa / Japan run for the Air Force , then steamed to Leyte , whence she carried IX Corps units to Aomori , Japan . Army cargo shuttles in Japanese waters were followed in December by orders to Saipan . From there , on the 27th , she headed back to the United States . " LST – 1071 " arrived at San Diego on 5 February 1946 . On the 10th she moved north to San Francisco , and on the 25th to Portland , Oregon for inactivation . There the LST decommissioned on 10 June 1946 and joined the Pacific Reserve Fleet . Atlantic Fleet , 1951 – 1955 . " LST – 1071 " recommissioned on 3 January 1951 . Following shakedown and cargo runs along the California coast , she sailed for the East Coast , arriving at Norfolk , Virginia on 15 June . The LST then commenced operations out of Little Creek , Virginia as a unit of LST Flotilla 2 , Atlantic Fleet . For the next four years , she conducted amphibious exercises along the mid - Atlantic coast and at Puerto Rico , and carried Army personnel and supplies to Labrador and Newfoundland . Named USS " Ouachita County " ( LST - 1071 ) on 1 July 1955 , she returned from her last voyage in Canadian waters in September and , in November , steamed to Brooklyn for inactivation overhaul . Decommissioning . With the new year , 1956 , she steamed south to Green Cove Springs , Florida , arriving on 31 January and decommissioning on 15 February . She remained there , berthed as a unit of the Atlantic Reserve Fleet until struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 November 1959 . Her final fate is unknown .
M99 ( China ) The M99 rifle is offered as anti - materiel / anti - sniper weapon , and is available in two calibers - 12 , 7x108 ( M99 - I ) and 12 , 7x99 / . 50BMG ( M99 - II ) . No firm facts are available on accuracy of this weapon , but it is believed that it shoots about 2 MOA with Chinese standard issue ammunition . This is way below Western " sniping " standards but more or less enough for anti - materiel work or short - range enemy snipers suppression . Not much information is available on internals of this rifle , although it is believed that it uses gas operated action with tipping bolt locking . Feed is from detachable box magazines holding five rounds of ammunition . Rifle is fitted with adjustable bipod , adjustable rear monopod , and buffered buttstock . Top of receiver is fitted with Picatinny style rail which will accept a variety of sighting equipment on appropriate mounts . Typical sighting set - up includes either a 10X fixed power telescope or 4 - 12X or 7 - 22X variable power telescope sights .
Gonzalo Ruiz Girón Gonzalo Ruiz Girón ( b . ? - d . 1280 ) was a Spanish nobleman from Palencia . He was Grand Master of the Order of Santiago , and Adelantado of the Kingdom of Murcia . Ruiz was killed at the Battle of Moclín . He was a member of the House of Girón . Family Origins . He was the son of Gonzalo González Girón and Teresa Arias . His paternal grandparents were Gonzalo Rodríguez Girón , a noble from Frechilla and Autillo de Campos , head mayordomo of King Alfonso VIII of Castile and his first wife Sancha Rodríguez . They are credited with founding the Hospital de la Herrada in Carrión de los Condes . His maternal grandparents were Arias González de Quesada and María Froilaz . The family legend states that a noble named Rodrigo González de Cisneros saved the life of King Alfonso VI of León by giving the king his horse and thus allowing him to escape what was apparently a battle lost to a Moorish Kingdom . He cut three pieces ( jirones or girones , in Spanish ) from the King ' s tunic and later asked the King to allow him to use these in his coat of arms . This legend has no foundations and the events are not mentioned by historians or in popular tradition . Most importantly , the use of coats of arms was unknown at the time of King Alfonso VI and it was not until a century later that this custom became common . Traditionally , the House of Girón was one of the most powerful families in the area of Tierra de Campos since the time of the Banu Gómez . Biography . He entered into the Order of Santiago de la Espada and was made commander of Ocaña , León , and Castile . In 1274 , he gained ownership over the charter of Montiel and the towns of Cózar and Alcubillas . In 1275 , he was elected as Grand Master of the Order of Santiago , succeeding Pelayo Pérez Correa . In that same here , Gonzalo was granted a lifelong title over areas in Montiel and was responsible for the repopulation , and the foundation of new localities . Death . In 1280 , Gonzalo died as a result of injuries received during the Battle of Moclín , which was fought on the 23rd of June of that year in the municipality of Moclín in Granada . More than 2 , 800 men died in that battle , including a large number of the members of the Order of Santiago . He was buried in the town of Alcaudete in Jaén . Marriage and Descendants . Gonzalo married Elvira Díaz de Castañeda , granddaughter of Alvar Díaz de Asturias and of Teresa Perez Girón , daughter of Diego Gómez de Castañeda . Gonzalo had at least two children with Elvira :
Glommen - class minelayer The " Glommen " - class was a class of two minelayer s built for the Royal Norwegian Navy during the First World War at Akers Mekaniske Verksted in Oslo . Service history . The two vessels were kept in service until the German invasion of Norway in 1940 . " Glommen " and " Laugen " operated in the area around Melsomvik , and surrendered to the Germans on 14 April 1940 . The Germans rebuilt both of them as floating flak batteries , and renamed them " Nki - 01 " and " Nki - 02 " . " Glommen " was scuttled at Kirkenes by the retreating Germans in 1944 , while " Laugen " was returned to the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1945 , and decommissioned and sold for in 1950 .
Erich Eberhardt Erich Eberhardt was an Obersturmbannführer ( Lieutenant Colonel ) , in the Waffen SS during World War II who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . This was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Early life . Erich Eberhardt was born in Wiesbaden on the 1 October 1913 . In 1931 he joined the Hamburg police force . He then was one of the early members of the SS , which he joined in 1934 and was given the SS service number 272 747 , Nazi Party Number 4 178 022 . His first unit was the 8th Company , SS Standarte " Germania " . In 1936 he was selected to become an officer and sent to the SS - Junkerschule at Braunschweig , being promoted to Untersturmführer ( Second Lieutenant ) upon graduation . World War II . At the start of World War II Eberhardt was a Hauptsturmführer ( Captain ) and company commander of the 12th Company , 9th SS Grenadier Regiment , SS Division " Wiking " . During the invasion of the Soviet Union ( Operation Barbarossa ) , he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class in July 1941 and the 1st class award in September 1941 . Eberhardt was posted to the 7th SS Mountain Division " Prinz Eugen " between March 1942 to June 1943 , as an officer of the General Staff . He was then posted as IA to the General Staff of the 3rd SS Panzer Division " Totenkopf " in October 1943 and was promoted to Obersturmbannführer ( Major ) in April 1944 . Erich Eberhardt was awarded the Knight ' s Cross for his actions in July 1944 , when the 3rd SS Panzer Division " Totenkopf " was called forward by Field Marshal Model after the Russians had broken the German front and the army was in retreat . As the Divisional commander had not yet arrived , Eberhardt as the Divisions IA , deployed the Division which succeeded in holding the line and while reconnaissance had revealed a strong Russian Armoured and Cavalry Corps advancing and threatening Grodno which would leave the south open to any assault . The next morning Eberhardt decided to act independently , and ordered the " Totenkopf " to advance . In the area west of Grodno they managed to infiltrate the Russian lines and attacked the Russian flank , which forced the Armour and Cavalry units they were facing to contract and break up . The Army Group now ordered a general push north and five Russian divisions were cut off and destroyed and the front stabilised . For his part in this action Eberhardt was awarded the Knight ' s Cross on the 23 August 1944 . The " Totenkopf " was in action until the last days of the war , when Eberhardt gave an instruction for the Division to move to the west to surrender to the American forces , rather than enter Soviet captivity . Post war . After the war Erich Eberhardt was a spokesman for the HIAG for the Rhineland and was on the 27 April 1963 , adopted as the successor to Kurt " Panzer Meyer " Meyer . Eberhardt died at Lohrheim on the 1 July 1965 , from heart failure .
USRC McLane ( 1832 ) The United States Revenue Cutter " McLane " was one of 13 cutters of the Morris - Taney Class to be launched . Named after Secretaries of the Treasury and Presidents of the United States , these cutters were the backbone of the Service for more than a decade . Samuel Humphreys designed these cutters for roles as diverse as fighting pirates , privateers , combating smugglers and operating with naval forces . He designed the vessels on a naval schooner concept . They had Baltimore Clipper lines . The vessels built by Webb and Allen , designed by Isaac Webb , resembled Humphreys ' but had one less port . Named for the Louis McLane , the tenth Secretary of the Treasury of the United States , USRC " McLane " was noted for her beautiful deck finish and cabinet work . An early historian of the Service , Revenue Captain Horatio D . Smith , USRCS , wrote of her : " The Revenue Cutter " McLane " when finished in 1832 was ordered to Washington , and while at the Navy Yard was visited by many people , especially members of Congress , and was admired by all for her beauty , symmetry and elegance of finish . Her armament was four brass 9 - pounders on elegant carriages , with small arms to correspond . Other vessels were built of larger dimensions , but the " McLane " excelled them all in beauty and sailing qualities . She was the crack vessel of her time . Subsequently many of [ those cutters in her class ] were sold . . . to Cubans , who used them for slavers . " The " McLane " served in Charleston , South Carolina in 1832 and in 1833 sailed to New Bedford , Massachusetts for revenue duty there . She capsized in Hadley ' s Harbor in Massachusetts during a tornado in 1837 , was raised and put back in duty until 1840 , when she was sold .
757th Airlift Squadron The 757th Airlift Squadron was a regular U . S . Air Force squadron from the 1940s to 1973 . The unit was re - assigned to the USAF Reserve in 1973 . The unit relocated in 1992 from 907 AW Rickenbacker ANGB , Ohio to 910 AW at Youngstown Air Reserve Station , Ohio . The mission of the 757th Airlift Squadron is to maintain a large - area fixed - wing aerial application capability to control disease vectors in combat areas and on Department of Defense installations ; to maintain a large - area application capability to control vegetation and pests of vegetation on DoD installations ; and to provide aerial spray training . The 757th operates 8 C - 130H2 aircraft , four of which are modified to accept the Modular Aerial Spray System . Each MASS has a capacity of ; which can be delivered at a flow rate of per minute , at an altitude of for a total spray - on time of 8 minutes and 30 seconds . History . Activated as a B - 24 Liberator heavy bombardment squadron in July 1943 ; assigned to II Bomber Command for training . Primarily trained in Utah and Arizona received deployment orders for the Mediterranean Theater of Operations ( MTO ) in September 1943 . Moved to Massachusetts where the group flew long - range convoy escort missions over the Newfoundland Banks to Long Island Sound , November – December 1943 while station in Italy was being constructed . Deployed to Southern Italy in January 1944 ; entered combat in February , being assigned to Fifteenth Air Force . Engaged in very long range strategic bombing missions to enemy military , industrial and transportation targets in Italy , France , Germany , Austria , Hungary , Romania , and Yugoslavia , bombing railroad marshalling yards , oil refineries , airdrome installations , heavy industry , and other strategic objectives . Also carried out some support and interdiction operations . Struck bridges , harbors , and troop concentrations in August 1944 to aid the invasion of Southern France . Hit communications lines and other targets during March and April 1945 to support the advance of British Eighth Army and American Fifth Army in northern Italy . Returned to the United States in August 1945 , being programmed for deployment to the Pacific Theater of Operations ( PTO ) as a B - 29 Superfortress Very Heavy Bombardment Squadron . Many combat veterans of MTO demobilized upon arrival in the United States , and a small cadre of personnel reformed at Sioux Falls Army Airfield , South Dakota at the end of August . Japanese Capitulation in August led to inactivation of unit and assigned personnel being reassigned to other group squadrons or demobilized . Reactivated in the Air Force Reserve in 1947 with B - 29s . Trained at Long Beach Army Air Field , California then inactivating . Reactivated in 1955 as a reserve troop carrier squadron . Was a Tactical Air Support Squadron ; special operations and fighter squadron before becoming an airlift squadron in 1992 . Inactivated in 2003 .