naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
B - 24 Liberators in Australian service The B - 24 Liberator was a heavy bomber in service in the air force of Australia during World War II and subsequent years . The B - 24 was the main component of heavy bomber support in the Pacific theatre following a decision to remove B - 17 s from the theatre due to their shorter ranges and for logistic simplicity . While Australian pilots flew Liberators in other theatres of war , the aircraft was introduced into service in the Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) in 1944 when it was suggested by Gen George C . Kenney that seven heavy bomber squadrons be raised to supplement the efforts of the 380th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) . The USAAF helped in the procurement of the aircraft for the RAAF and training of the Australian air - crew . Seven flying squadrons , an operational training unit and two independent flights were equipped with the aircraft by the end of World War II in August 1945 . The following squadrons of the RAAF operated Liberators : The RAAF LIberators saw service in the South West Pacific theatre of World War II . Flying mainly from bases in the Northern Territory , Queensland and Western Australia the aircraft conducted bombing raids against Japanese positions , ships and strategic targets in New Guinea , Borneo and the Netherlands East Indies . In addition , the small number of Liberators operated by No . 200 Flight played an important role in supporting covert operations conducted by the Allied Intelligence Bureau and other Liberators were converted to VIP transports . Following the Japanese surrender the RAAF ' s Liberators participated in flying former prisoners of war and other personnel back to Australia . The Liberator models in service with the RAAF were the B - 24D , B - 24J , B - 24L and B - 24M models . A total of 287 aircraft were supplied to the RAAF of which 33 were lost in action . Liberators remained in service till 1948 when they were phased out and replaced by the Avro Lincoln heavy bomber which was manufactured in Australia under license . Over 20 , 000 Australians serviced and flew the aircraft - over 200 Australians lost their lives flying Liberators , the exact figures not being available . Only one Liberator , serial number A72 - 176 , model B - 24MR ( where R implies a modification incorporating radar ) survives in Australia and is the object of a restoration scheme under the auspices of the National Trust of Australia .
Renaud de Vichiers Renaud de Vichiers was the 19th Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1250 to 1256 . He joined the Knights Templar and was appointed Preceptor of Saint - Jean - d ' Acre in 1240 and Master of France from 1242 to 1249 . He was a supporter and comrade - in - arms of Louis IX of France , who helped him be elected Grand Master in place of Guillaume de Sonnac , killed in Egypt at the Battle of Mansura , February 11 , 1250 . He shortly quarrelled with Louis , though , over a diplomatic mission of Hugues de Jouy , the Templar Marshal , to Damascus . In 1252 Hugues was banished from the Kingdom of Jerusalem . In 1252 Renaud de Vichiers retired to a monastery where he stayed until his death on 20 January 1256 .
Battle of Steen ' s Mountain The Battle of Steen ' s Mountain was a battle during the Snake War . In response to Paiute attacks in Idaho , Lt . Col . George Crook led a punitive expedition into southeast Oregon , defeating Chief Howluck at the battle of Owyhee River . Continuing his pursuit Crook again encountered the Chief Paunina ' s Paiute village at Steen ' s Mountain . As Crook ordered the charge his horse bolted and carried him through the Native ' s village . Nevertheless his men followed . Despite several close calls for Crook personally , his trooper ' s fire was accurate and inflicted heavy casualties . A month later Crook ' s men engaged in one final skirmish before Crook ended the expedition due to bad weather .
Edwin O . LeGrand Although Edwin Oswald LeGrand ( 1801 – 1861 ) was born in North Carolina , he was an original Texan . LeGrand was one of the fifty - seven men who signed the Texas Declaration of Independence . He was a San Augustine delegate to the Convention of 1836 at Washington - on - the - Brazos and fought in the Battle of San Jacinto . His sister , Mrs . William Colson Norwood , and her family also settled in San Augustine , Texas . LeGrand is buried near San Augustine .
Battle of Knockavoe The Battle of Knockavoe ( Cnoc - Buidhbh ) , was fought in 1522 between the O ' Donnell s , led by Hugh Dubh O ' Donnell and Manus O ' Donnell , against the O ' Neill s , in which the O ' Neills and their supporters were surprised and routed . Knockavoe was not a lost pitched battle , rather it was in fact the result of a nighttime surprise attack on the O ' Neill camp by the O ' Donnells . Background . Conn Bacach O ' Neill , Earl of Tyrone , was determined to bring the O ' Donnells under his rule and made a great gathering , determined to march into Tyrconnell . Forces arrived from Munster and Connacht , together with English contingents , and brought into O ' Neill ' s army itself were the Scoto - Irish MacDonnells of Antrim , Bissetts , MacSheehys and others . The forces laid siege to and took Ballyshannon Castle , and later devastated a large part of Tyrconnell . Battle . While encamped at Knockavoe , near Strabane , Conn O ' Neill ' s forces were surprised at night by Hugh Dubh O ' Donnell and Manus O ' Donnell . Hugh and Manus led their small force quietly up to the campsite and launched a surprise attack before the sentinels were aware of how matters stood , with the two forces fighting furiously in pitch darkness in the midst of the camp . After a long and fearful struggle , in which men found it hard to distinguish friend from foe , the completely unprepared O ' Neills and their supporters were routed with a loss of 900 men ; and O ' Donnell took possession of the camp , with an immense quantity of booty . Aftermath . The battle was one of the bloodiest ever fought between the O ' Donnells and O ' Neills , did not end the quarrel . Kildare , who was Conn Bacach O ' Neill ' s first cousin , tried to make peace ; but in spite of his efforts the war continued for many years afterwards . The only long - term result of Knockavoe did not involve the O ' Donnells and O ' Neills , but rather the MacDonnells and Bissetts . The last Mac Eoin Bissett , Lord of the Glens of Antrim was slain in the battle , allowing the increasingly strong MacDonnells to seize the lordship from the weakened Bissetts and establish themselves as one of the most prominent families in Ulster .
Martinez Hacienda Martinez Hacienda , also known as Hacienda de los Martinez , is a Taos , New Mexico hacienda built during the Spanish colonial era . It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . It is located on the bank of the Rio Pueblo de Taos . Name . While it is a " " hacienda " " in the Spanish sense of " large house " or " estate " , the Martinez Hacienda is not a hacienda in the true sense of the word , which implied large land holdings as a part of the hacienda system of land ownership . History . Until the original building was constructed , a small building existed on the site . In the late 18th century , the building was expanded to a hacienda of 21 rooms by Severino Martínez , father of Antonio José Martínez , when the family relocated from Abiquiu to Taos in 1804 . Don Severino dealt in trade along the Chihuahua Trail and was also Alcalde of Taos . The building was built in the fortress style to ward off attacks by Comanche and Apache raiders . It is one of the few remaining Northern New Mexico - style Spanish haciendas that is open to the public . In the years following the construction of the Hacienda Martinez , Severino Martinez built a flourishing mercantile business trading goods from Northern New Mexico , allowing him to send his son to study for the priesthood in Durango , Colorado . Modern tourism . Hacienda Martinez was purchased by Taos Historic Museums in 1972 . It has been fully restored and hosts hundred of visitors every year as a living museum honoring the contributions of the early Hispanic settlers in the Taos Valley . It hosts the annual Taos Trade Fair every September 25 and September 26 when it recreates the atmosphere of early 19th century Taos .
Aerial port squadron Aerial Port Squadron ( APS ) is a United States Air Force organization which operates and provides the military logistical functions assigned to aerial ports , including processing personnel and cargo , rigging for airdrop , packing parachutes , loading equipment , preparing air cargo and load plans , loading and securing aircraft , ejecting cargo for inflight delivery , and supervising units engaged in aircraft loading and unloading operations . In the United States Air Force it may be referred to by several names including Air Mobility Support Squadron , Air Mobility Squadron , Air Terminal , Mobile Aerial Port Squadron , and others . Smaller units performing the same mission may also be called Aerial Port Flights or Aerial Port Elements . Members of these units are normally graded by the Air Force Specialty Code ( AFSC ) of 2T2X1 , Air Transportation . These " Air Transportation Specialist s " tend to refer to themselves as " aerial porters , " " porters , " or " port dawgs . " Aerial Ports are responsible for all management and movement of cargo and passengers transported in the Military Airlift System . Most Aerial Ports are divided into specific duty sections : Ramp , Cargo , Passenger Service ( PAX ) , Air Terminal Operations Center ( ATOC ) , Special Handling and Fleet . Of these sections , the ATOC is the nerve center . In this section all flow of cargo and passengers being handled by the Aerial Port is managed , accounted for , and tracked by the In - Transit Visibility System . Some Aerial Ports also have an aerial delivery section that rigs and maintains training loads for air drop missions . These training loads are designed to simulate cargo that is dropped to units in combat conditions by parachute over locations in which aircraft cannot land . One of the most important functions performed by aerial porters is the Joint Inspection of hazardous cargo and equipment . When any customer requires the movement of these types of shipments certain requirements must be met under U . S . Department of Defense regulations . Joint Inspectors ensure that all of these requirements are met and that the shipment is safe for flight . Because the logistical planning expertise they provide is so vital to the airlift mission , aerial porters may also be assigned or attached to other types of units that require their specific skills . Often these units are front line logistics units that have an aerial port function . Some of these units are Contingency Response Group s ( CRG ) , Air Mobility Operations Group s ( AMOG ) , and Tanker Airlift Control Element s ( TALCE ) . Official guidance on aerial port squadrons can be found in Air Force Instruction ( AFI ) 24 - 101 , Volume 18 , Military Airlift - AMC Mobilized Aerial Port Forces and Aerial Delivery Flights . and " Back to Basics : A Handbook for Logistics Readiness and Aerial Port Squadron Commanders . "
French submarine Saphir ( S602 ) The Saphir ( S 602 ) is a first - generation nuclear attack submarine of the French Navy . She was to be named " Bretagne " but was renamed " Saphir " in 1981 . She is the second of the " Rubis " series . Between October 1989 and May 1991 , she undertook a major refit which upgraded her to the level of the " Améthyste " . In September 2001 , she torpedoed and sank the ex - destroyer " D ' Estrée " expended as a target ship off Toulon .
18th Royal Garhwal Rifles The 18th Royal Garhwal Rifles was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . It was formed in 1922 , after the Indian government decided to reform the army moving away from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . They were they only Indian Infantry regiment to remain intact without being amalgamated . They were renumbered 18th Royal Garhwal Rifles with three active battalions and the 4th battalion becoming the 10th training battalion . After the partition of India in 1947 , it was allocated to the new Indian Army and renamed the The Garhwal Rifles . World War II ( 1939 – 45 ) . During World War II , five more battalions of the Garhwal Rifles were raised . These were : the 4th ( re - raised having been converted into a training battalion and designated 10th Battalion earlier ) , the 5th , 6th , 7th and 25th ( Garrison ) battalion . The Regiment saw active service in almost all of the theatres of the war , including : Burma , Malaya , Egypt , Iraq , Eritrea , Abyssinia . The 2nd and 5th Battalions were captured in the fall of Singapore and remained in captivity until the end of the war . The Regiment ' s casualties during the war were high , with some 350 killed and approximately 1 , 400 wounded . Following the war the 1st and 3rd Battalions served briefly in a garrison role in Sumatra and Italy before returning to India . The 4th Battalion was used to reconstitute the 2nd Battalion in May 1946 . The 5th Battalion was not raised again and the 6th Battalion was disbanded at war ' s end .
Jahan Kosha Cannon Jahan Kosha Cannon ( also known as the Great Gun ) literally means the " Destroyer of the World " . It is placed in the " Topekhana " a quarter of mile to the south east of the Katra Mosque , in the city of Murshidabad , West Bengal , India . " Topekhana " was the Nawab ' s Artillery Park and the entrance gate of the old capital of Bengal , Bihar and Orissa , the city of Jahangir Nagar . It is protected on the east by the " Gobra Nala " , locally known as the " Katra Jheel " . Here the Jahan Kosha Cannon is laid to rest . Earlier it rested on a carriage with wheels and was surrounded by the roots of a Peepal tree . Gradually this cannon was lifted four feet from the ground but the roots surrounded it so beautifully that it has no chance of falling down . Many people were astonished to see the big and heavy cannon hanging at a height of 4 feet . Later it was free from the tree ' s roots . The wheels have disappeared but the iron works of the carriage and the trunions are still visible . The cannon made of " ashtadahatu " or 8 metals , namely silver , gold , lead , copper , zinc , tin , iron and mercury . The cannon is more than 7 tons heavy . It is 17 feet and 6 inches in long and 3 feet in width , it has a girth of 5 feet at the touch hole end . The circumference of its mouth is more than one feet . The radius of the silt for containing fire is one and a half inch . In order to fire this cannon , 17 kilograms of gunpowder was needed for a single shelling . The orifice is 6 inches . It still shows no sign of rust . This grand cannon was made by Janardan Karmakar , Karmakar s were often blacksmiths but he was a gunsmith . He made it under the instructions of Daroga Shree Mohammad and under the supervision of Hara Ballav Das in 1637 AD . He was from Dacca . The cannon was named in Dacca , when Shah Jahan was the Mughal emperor at the instance Islam Khan was the Subahdar of Bengal . It has been confirmed by an inscription engraved ob it . However , the cannon has several other names like the " " Great Gun " " , the " " Destroyer of the world " " , the " " Conqueror of the universe " " , the " " World Sub - duer " " and so on . The cannon is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India .
Tyre York Tyre York ( 4 May 1836 – 28 January 1916 ) was a U . S . Congressman from North Carolina between 1883 and 1885 . York , born in Rockford , North Carolina , attended common schools and then the Charleston , South Carolina Medical College . He practiced medicine and farming in Traphill , North Carolina beginning in 1859 . During the American Civil War , York was a surgeon with the Wilkes County Home Guards . In 1865 , he was elected to a term in the North Carolina House of Representatives ; he served again in 1866 and 1879 , in addition to terms in the North Carolina Senate in 1876 and 1881 . In the election of 1882 , opponents of the 1881 Prohibition referendum formed a unity ticket with the Republican Party , called the " Liberal Anti - Prohibition " ticket ( LAP ) . York was elected on the LAP ticket to the 48th United States Congress ; he served one term and was considered an " Independent Democrat . " York did not run again for the U . S . House in 1884 , choosing instead to campaign unsuccessfully for Governor of North Carolina , running on a fusion ticket of Liberals and Republicans . When the returns were canvassed , 215 votes in Robeson County were recorded for a local citizen named " Tyler York " rather than for Tyre York . After the 1884 election , Rep . York retired to his home in Traphill , though he served one term in the North Carolina House in 1887 . He died on his farm in 1916 and is buried in the Traphill Cemetery .
Château de Pézenas The site of the Château de Pézenas , a medieval castle in the French town of Pézenas , in the " département " of l ' Hérault , is currently being refurbished with a view to opening to the public . A castle is first mentioned on the site , a butte just outside and dominating the town , around 990 . However , a plaque on the site claims that it was founded by the Celts in 407BC and that the site was also a fortress of Julius Caesar . A document of 1118 records that the Count of Béziers , Bernard Athon , ceded the " castellum " of Pézenas to his son , Raimon . Louis VIII , in 1226 , and Louis IX in 1252 , stayed here . The castle became a royal castellany in 1262 . The latest castle was originally built by the Duc de Montmorency , François de Montmorency in 1575 on the domain of Granges des Près . It had seven towers , one of which was used as a chapel . The river , la Peyne , flowed along its walls . During the 17th century , Cardinal Richelieu , sworn enemy of the Duc de Montmorency Henri II , had promised to abolish the States of the Languedoc , fearing they were too strong and independent of the kingdom of Louis XIII . Following Henri ' s revolt at the head of the Languedoc States , in 1632 ( or 1633 , according to tourist information at the site ) , Richelieu ordered the castle to be destroyed . The inhabitants of Pézenas , so proud of their castle , were humiliated to have to demolish it themselves . Louis XIII gave the materials from the castle , as well as the site , to the Pézenas consuls . The bell was moved to the top of the bell tower at the Collégiale Saint - Jean church . ( The tower later collapsed , in 1733 , and had to be rebuilt . ) Passing through the town in 1660 , Louis XIV remarked of the castle , " " En vérité , Messieurs , c ' est grand dommage d ' avoir fait démolir cette importante place . " " ( " In truth , Sirs , it is a great pity to have demolished this important place . " )
Walter Düvert Walter Düvert ( 2 October 1893 – 4 February 1972 ) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was also a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Walter Düvert retired from active duty on 30 November 1944 .
Alpheus Baker Alpheus Baker ( May 28 , 1828 – October 21 , 1891 ) was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Biography . Born in South Carolina , Baker was a schoolteacher and practiced law before moving to Alabama . Upon Alabama ' s secession from the Union , Baker enlisted as a captain in the Eufaula Rifles before being transferred to the 1st Alabama Infantry , where he was briefly stationed in Pensacola , Florida , before being sent to Tennessee in late 1861 . Being elected colonel by a mixed regiment of soldiers from Alabama , Mississippi , and Tennessee in 1862 , his unit fought in the Battle of New Madrid , where he was subsequently taken prisoner . Released in a prisoner exchange within several months , Baker was given command of the 54th Alabama Infantry , which he would lead during the battles of Vicksburg and Champion ' s Hill , where he was seriously wounded . After his recovery , Baker assumed command of an Alabama brigade and promoted to brigadier general on March 5 , 1864 . Later participating in the Atlanta Campaign , he was again wounded at the Battle of Ezra Church . Reassigned to the Department of the Gulf , Baker led his brigade in the defenses of Mobile until that city fell in April , 1865 . According to his last wishes , Baker was buried among his soldiers at Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville , Kentucky , upon his death . An empty space was reserved in his honor among the burials of Confederate prisoners - of - war were held in the Louisville Prison Camp .
Ottoman fleet organisation during the Greco - Turkish War ( 1897 ) This list includes fleet organisations of the Ottoman Navy during the Greco - Ottoman War ( 1897 ) . Fleet organisation in March 1897 . In March 1997 , the Ottoman Navy was structured as follows : Fleet Commander : Müşir Amiral Hasan Rami Pasha
45th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 45th Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 45th Wisconsin was organized at Madison , Wisconsin and mustered into Federal service on November 8 , 1864 . It was assigned to the garrison of Nashville , Tennessee for its entire service . The regiment was mustered out on July 17 , 1865 . Casualties . The 45th Wisconsin suffered 34 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 34 fatalities .
Erdmann Gabriel Erdmann Gabriel ( 7 November 1911 – 28 January 1996 ) was a highly decorated Hauptmann in the Wehrmacht during World War II and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership .