naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Charles Medhurst Air Chief Marshal Sir Charles Edward Hastings Medhurst KCB OBE MC ( 12 December 1896 – 18 October 1954 ) was a First World War Royal Flying Corps pilot on the Western Front and later a senior officer in the Royal Air Force . RAF career . Medhurst was awarded Royal Aero Club pilot certificate No . 1437 on 13 July 1913 . He was commissioned into The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers on 16 June 1915 and in a few months was training to be a pilot with the Royal Flying Corps . He was soon operational on the Western Front flying the Nieuport Scout with No . 13 Squadron . In 1917 he became the officer commanding No . 14 Squadron operating in Palestine . On 1 August 1919 he was awarded a permanent commission as a Captain in the Royal Air Force and by 1925 had attended the RAF Staff College . He became Officer Commanding No . 4 Squadron in 1930 and he joined the Directing Staff at the RAF Staff College in 1931 before becoming Deputy Director of Intelligence at the Air Ministry in 1935 . He then went to Rome as Air Attaché in 1937 . Medhurst held a number of staff appointments during the Second World War including RAF Secretary of the Supreme War Council from 1940 , Director of Allied Air Co - Operation and then Director of Plans all during 1940 . He became Assistant Chief of the Air Staff ( Intelligence ) in 1941 and after a spell as Temporary Vice - Chief of the Air Staff later in 1942 he became Assistant Chief of the Air Staff ( Policy ) in February 1943 . In March 1943 he was appointed commandant of the RAF Staff College later moving on in February 1945 to be Air Officer in Command of RAF Middle East Command . After the War he was made Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief , RAF Mediterranean and Middle East Command ( which had absorbed his previous command when it was disbanded in August 1945 ) . His last appointment before he resigned was as Head of the British Joint Services Mission in Washington D . C . in the rank of Air Chief Marshal . Medhurst retired on 19 April 1950 and he died a few years later aged 58 on 18 October 1954 . Family . He married Christabell Guy in 1919 in York . His son Pilot Officer R . E . H . " Dickie " Medhurst was killed on 19 September 1944 when the Douglas Dakota Mk . III he was co - piloting exploded after taking Anti - Aircraft Artillery fire during an air drop mission during Operation Market Garden . His daughter Rozanne was an Italian speaker and code breaker at Bletchley Park , the Government Code and Cipher School . References .
Hans Christian Schulze Hans Christian Schulze was a Brigadeführer ( Brigadier General ) and Generalmajor of Polizei in the Waffen - SS during World War II , who was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II . Early life . Hans Christian Schulze was born in Schwarzenbeck on the 15 July 1893 . In 1912 he joined the army high school at Metz as a Fahnenjunker ( Officer Candidate ) and upon graduation was made a Leutnant in the Imperial German Army . World War I . In August 1914 , Hans Christian Schulze now a platoon commander was sent to the front . He quickly rose through the ranks , becoming a Company , Battalion and Regiment commander and finishing the war as an Brigade Adjutant and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd class . Between wars . After the war he joined the national police force and was stationed in Hamburg as a section commander , until 1935 when he joined the 47th Infantry Regiment as the Regimental Major and was promoted to Oberstleutnant ( Lieutenant Colonel ) before returning to the police force . World War II . In September 1939 , Schulze was given command of the 2nd Polizei Schützen Regiment ( Infantry ) , which was the divisional reserve during the Battle of France and stationed on the Luxembourg border . In June 1940 , the division advanced onto the Aisne Canal . Schulze and his Regiment were involved in the fighting at the Forest of Argonne , and capturing an important bridge . Schulze was often found at the front of his Regiment and was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd and 1st class for his bravery . From August 1940 until June 1941 Schulze and the rest of the Division were stationed as an occupying force in the Paris region . In June 1941 the division was moved to the Eastern Front to take part in Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union . They were part of the Army Group North which advanced througth the Baltic States towards Leningrad . In August 1941 the regiment was the focus of the fighting around the town of Luga , with Schulze again leading from the front , and through his efforts the city of Luga was quickley captured , for which Schulze was awarded the Knight ' s Cross in September 1941 . In the advance towards Leningrad , Schulze was badly wounded on 13 September 1941 , and died of his wounds . He was then posthumously promoted to Brigadeführer and Generalmajor of Polizei .
ORP Warszawa ( 1968 ) ORP " Warszawa " ( formerly the Soviet " Smelyi " ) was a large guided missile destroyer of the Polish Navy , one of the last ships of the modified " Kashin " class . Construction . She was built in the 61st Communard ' s Shipyard in Mykolaiv , Soviet Union , for the Soviet Navy . Commissioned in 1969 , she was one of the ships of the CKB - 53 class , dubbed s by NATO . Soviet service . The ship was among the largest destroyers of the time ; with 4950 tonnes of displacement she had similar displacement to many World War II cruiser s . The flexible design allowed the ships of her class to serve as multi - purpose vessels rather than standard guided missile destroyers . Among the capabilities of the class were anti - surface and anti - submarine missions , convoy escort , long - range bombardment and a variety of other roles . The ship ' s armament was almost fully automated and was one of the first such ships in the Eastern Bloc . Modernisation . Between 1972 and 1974 the ship was modernized to the new " 61MP " standard , dubbed the modified " Kashin " class by NATO countries . The modernization included a complete refurbishment , change of armament and mounting of detection and fire control systems . Transfer to Poland . In 1987 the ship was leased by Poland as a replacement for the obsolete . " Smelyi " was therefore renamed " Warszawa " on transfer in 1988 . Between 1992 and 1993 she was permanently transferred to Poland ( along with the submarines and ) in exchange for Soviet debts at the Polish Navy Shipyard in Gdynia . Fate . After 16 years of service in the Polish Navy , she was designated to be sold . In the end , no country was interested in purchasing the ship , and finally she was sent to the Navy ' s reserve . After two years in reserve she was sold for scrap . Breaking up was completed by the Gdańsk Shipyard .
Kursk Vostochny Airport Vostochny Airport ( ) is an interceptor aircraft base in Kursk Oblast , Russia located 7 km east of Kursk . It is a medium - sized base 4 miles northeast of Kursk . Several alert pads , with civilian tarmac on other side of airfield . Station history . Khalino was home to : It is currently home to :
Danuta ( armoured train ) The " Danuta " , also called " armoured train number 11 " was a Polish armoured train used by the Polish army during the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 . History . The Danuta was built in Poznań in 1919 . In August 1920 the train participated in the Battle for Warsaw , as part of the Polish 1st Army . In 1924 Danuta was assigned to the armoured train training unit located in Jablonna . Like most other Polish armoured trains , Danuta was modernised in the early 1930s by receiving a Ti3 type locomotive , additional guns and AA machine guns . World War II . After the Polish Army was mobilised in 1939 , the train was assigned to the Poznań Army . In the first days of the war , Danuta supported various Polish infantry units . On 4 September the train was bombed by the Luftwaffe , but received only minor damage . Next the train participated in the battle of the Bzura . On 16 September the train was hit by German artillery . That damage and the fact that the train ' s ammunition supplies were almost depleted forced the commander of the train , Cpt . Korobowicz , to order the train be blown up to prevent German capture .
542d Aircraft Control and Warning Group The 542d Aircraft Control and Warning Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the 28th Air Division , stationed at Hamilton Air Force Base , California . It was inactivated on 6 February 1952 . This command and control organization was responsible for Aircraft Control and Warning ( Radar ) stations along the West Coast . On 27 April 1950 , the reserve 566th AC & WG was activated as a Corollary unit at Hamilton , sharing the 542d ' s equipment and facilities . The 566th was called to active duty on 10 May 1951 and was inactivated , with its personnel used as fillers for the 542d . It was dissolved after about three years , with the units being assigned directly to its parent Air Division . Lineage . Assignments Stations Components
United States Naval Air Corps The United States Naval Air Corps was a term denoting the portion of the United States Navy made up of United States Naval Aviator s . The term was especially in use before and during World War II . Unlike the United States Army Air Corps ( later United States Army Air Forces ) , the Naval Air Corps had no organizational structure . Administratively , naval aviation was the responsibility of the Bureau of Aeronautics , formed in 1921 . From 1943 on , there was also a Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for aviation .
Stenberga Castle Stenberga Castle ( also known as " Teinperi " ) was a small medieval castle in Masku , Finland . It was originally built of gray stone , consisting of two towers with outer dimensions of 13 x 13 and 9 x 7 metres , respectively . The castle walls were two metres thick . In a later phase , bricks were also used in the construction . The castle was situated on a steep rock , presumably an island back then , by the sea near the mouth of Hirvijoki River , flowing from Nousiainen . Due to the post - glacial rebound , the location is now almost 2 km from the coastline . Very little remains of the castle . Excavations have not been carried out on the site since the early 20th century , which has given room to dispute the castle ' s age . Some historians see it as a 14th - century construction , while others date it to the late 12th century , when King Canute built similar - looking small defensive castles in various parts of Sweden . According to more or less vague chronicles , Finland seems to have been under special military attention by Danish , Swedish and Russian forces in the 1190s , thus giving the possible context for the construction of the castle . Historian Ericus Olai claimed in the late 15th century that bishop Kol of Linköping ( d . 1196 ? ) had been the Duke of Finland ( " Dux Finlandiae " ) , which however can not be confirmed from other sources . Also noteworthy is the castle ' s strategic position closing the maritime access to Nousiainen , which was the earliest presumed see of the Bishop of Finland . The see was moved to Koroinen latest in the mid - 13th century . Whatever the case , the castle itself is not mentioned in historical sources during the time when it was in operation . The Stenberga estate around it is first mentioned in 1398 as the property of the then bailiff of the Turku Castle . The estate was later donated to a Bridgettine monastery in Naantali in the 1430s . According to some historians , the abandoned castle was soon thereafter disassembled to get construction material for the monastery , which was only some ten km away . In 1556 , the estate , along with other property of the monastery , was confiscated to the state during the Reformation . Today , the site is on private property , and has not been maintained for years . Land - owner ' s permission is required for a visit . The climb to the hilltop across steep rocks and bushes may be difficult .
Yattendon Castle Yattendon Castle was a fortified manor house located in the civil parish of Yattendon , in the hundred of Faircross , in the English county of Berkshire . History . The site upon which Yattendon castle stood was originally occupied by a moat ed manor house . This house was held by Sir Richard Merbrook by the early 15th century . His daughter , Alice , married Sir John Norreys of Ockwells ( d . 1 September 1466 ) , a Knight of the Shire for Berkshire , and keeper of the wardrobe for King Henry VI . The castle was then in the ownership of the Norreys family for over 200 years . Sir John bought many neighbouring estates and received a Royal licence to crenellate the manor house on 20 January 1448 and to empark some . John and Alice ' s son , Sir William Norreys ( 1433 – 4 January 1507 ) later inherited the castle . He was among the army King Henry VII brought from Brittany in 1485 and was present at the Battle of Bosworth . The castle was probably the residence of William ' s eldest son Sir Edward Norreys ( d . 1487 ) during his father ' s lifetime . Edward Norreys was the father of two sons : Sir John Norreys ( 1481 – 21 October 1564 ) , who inherited the castle , but died without legitimate issue , and Sir Henry Norreys , who was beheaded in 1536 for his supposed affair with Queen Anne Boleyn . The castle then passed to Edward ' s grandson , Henry Norris , 1st Baron Norreys ( 1525 – 1601 ) , the son of the above mentioned Sir Henry Norreys . Henry Norreys was a lifelong friend of Queen Elizabeth and was the father of six sons , who included Sir John Norreys , a famous English soldier . The castle was largely destroyed by Parliamentary forces during the English Civil War . A new manor house was built on the site in 1785 . Traces of the moat can still be seen today .
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41 Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41 ( SLC - 41 ) , previously Launch Complex 41 ( LC - 41 ) , is an active launch site at the north end of Cape Canaveral , Florida at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . The site is currently used by United Launch Alliance for Atlas V launches . Previously , it had been used by the Air Force , for Titan III and Titan IV launches . Titan III . The Titan III launch facilities at CCAFS were built as part of an Integrate - Transfer - Launch approach intended to enable a rapid launch rate . Titan vehicles were assembled and integrated with their payloads off - pad and then transported by rail to one of the two pads . The Titan III facilities included both LC - 40 and LC - 41 , assembly buildings including the Vertical Integration Building , and the first rail line at the Cape . The facilities were completed in 1964 and the first launch from LC - 41 was of a Titan IIIC , carrying four separate payloads , on December 21 , 1965 . Titan IV . LC - 41 was also the pad used for the maiden flight of the Titan IV . The last Titan launch was on April 9 , 1999 , when a Titan IVB launched the USA 142 early warning satellite . This launch resulted in a failure , after the IUS upper stage failed to separate , leaving the payload stranded in a useless GTO orbit . Atlas V . After the last Titan launch the complex was renovated , and since 2002 LC - 41 has been used by ULA for Atlas V launches . The maiden flight of Atlas V launched from LC - 41 on August 21 , 2002 . The Atlas V booster lifted Hot Bird 6 , a Eutelsat geostationary communications spacecraft built around a Spacebus 3000B3 bus . Atlas V rockets are assembled vertically on a mobile launch platform in the Vertical Integration Facility , located to the South of the pad . The platform is transported to the launch pad on rails , around a day before launch . Payloads . In addition to satellites , Titan vehicles launched several probes from LC - 41 in the 1970s , including the Helios probes to study the Sun , the Viking probes to Mars , and the Voyager planetary flyby and deep space probes . More recent probes have also been launched from LC - 41 using the Atlas V : the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in December 2004 , the New Horizons spacecraft to Pluto in January 2006 , Juno mission to Jupiter in August 2011 , and Mars Science Laboratory to Mars in November 2011 .
Paul McGinness Paul Joseph McGinness DFC , DCM ( 14 February 1896 – 15 January 1955 ) was an Australian flying ace of the First World War , credited with seven aerial victories . He was a co - founder of Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services . McGinness was born on his family ' s property at Framlingham , Victoria , near Warrnambool , and attended St Patrick ' s College , Ballarat .
Wilhelm Mayer Wilhelm Mayer ( 5 December 1917 – 4 January 1945 ) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . On 4 January 1945 , Wilhelm Mayer was killed after being ambushed by RAF Spitfire s near Emsland , Germany . He was posthumously awarded the Knight ' s Cross on 12 March 1945 . During his career he was credited with 27 aerial victories , all on the Western Front .
Henry Gordon Clappison Captain Henry Gordon Clappison ( October 1 , 1898 – May 15 , 1977 ) was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Clappison ' s run of victories came late in World War I . He was assigned to 204 Squadron in August 1918 to pilot a Sopwith Camel . He set afire a Fokker D . VII on 20 September 1918 and ran up five more wins over D . VIIs by November 1 . His final tally was two destroyed , four driven down out of control . References . " Above the Trenches : a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915 - 1920 . " Christopher F . Shores , Norman L . R . Franks , Russell Guest . Grub Street , 1990 . ISBN 0 - 948817 - 19 - 4 , ISBN 978 - 0 - 948817 - 19 - 9 .
Military history of Austria The Military Frontier was an important way in which Austria defended itself against the Ottomans . The following shown below is a history of the Austrian military history . From 1804 to 1867 , the Imperial and Royal Army ( " Kaiserlich - königliche Armee " ) , as well as the navy were members of the Austrian Empire ( 1804 – 1867 ) . From 1867 to 1918 , The Austro - Hungarian Army was the ground force of the Austro - Hungarian Empire . It was composed of the common army ( recruited from everywhere ) , the Austrian Landwehr ( recruited only from Cisleithania ) , and the Hungarian Honvéd ( recruited only from Transleithania ) . These are official names in German : This army existed from the establishment of the Dual Monarchy in 1867 until the end of World War I in 1918 . The Austro - Hungarian Navy was the naval force of the Austro - Hungarian Empire . Its official name in German was the " Kaiserlich und königliche Kriegsmarine " ( " Imperial and Royal Navy " , also known by the acronym k . u . k . ) . Frm 1918 to 1921 , the military forces were known as " Volkswehr " ( people ' s defence ) . From 1921 to the present ( except World War II , ( 1938 – 1945 ) ) , the name of the Military of Austria is Bundesheer ( " Federal Army " ) . The branches are Land Forces ( KdoLdSK ) and Air Forces ( KdoLuSK ) . In 1955 , Austria declared its everlasting neutrality and made neutrality a constitutional law . The main purpose of the Austrian military , since then , has been the protection of Austria ' s neutrality .
USS Cardinal ( AM - 6 ) USS " Cardinal " ( AM - 6 ) was a in the United States Navy . She was named after the cardinal . " Cardinal " was launched 29 March 1918 by Staten Island Shipbuilding Co . , New York ; sponsored by Ms . I . Nelson ; and commissioned on 23 August 1918 as Minesweeper No . 6 , Lieutenant , junior grade N . Drake in command . East Coast operations . " Cardinal " served in the 3rd Naval District , sweeping waters off New York and serving as a temporary lightship , until 3 August 1919 , when she sailed to join the Pacific Fleet . Pacific Ocean deployment . For the next three years , she sailed out of San Diego and San Diego , California , carrying supplies , provisions and passengers along the California coast , and towing lighters , targets , and disabled ships . " Cardinal " was redesignated as AM - 6 on 17 July 1920 . From 8 February – 16 April 1923 , " Cardinal " sailed to the Panama Canal to provide tug services during fleet battle practice . She returned to San Pedro to prepare for duty in Alaskan waters , and on 23 May sailed for Port Angeles , Washington , where she called from 30 May – 1 June . Trapped on a reef . While bound for Dutch Harbor on 6 June , she grounded on a reef off the east coast of Chirikof Island , and heavy flooding began immediately . Some of her men were landed on the island , where they were later taken off by a Coast and Geodetic Survey ship . The rest were rescued from the battered " Cardinal " on 7 June by , who also took off salvageable material and stores .
Attilio Imolesi Sergente Attilio Imolesi was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories . Biography . Attilio Imolesi was born in Cesena , Kingdom of Italy on 11 October 1890 . His date of entry into military service is unknown , but he was accepted by the Malpensa flying school of the " Corpo Aeronautico Militare " on 31 December 1915 . He qualified as a pilot on a Maurice Farman 12 on 1 May 1916 , and took a more advanced license on a Maurice Farman 14 on 1 July 1916 . His original assignment as a pilot was to the Rimini Defense Flight , which was near his home . However , he applied for training as a fighter pilot . He was accepted for training on the Nieuport 11 at Cascina Costa on 2 September . He qualified on the Nieuport as of 25 November . On 30 November 1916 , he was posted to " 79a Squadriglia " in the rank of " caporale " . Imolesi made his first combat flight on 21 January 1917 . He staked his first victory claim on 2 April 1917 , only to have it unconfirmed . On 26 April , he joined Francesco Baracca and another Italian pilot in a triumphant attack on an Austro - Hungarian Hansa - Brandenburg C . I ; however , Imolesi ' s victory claim was disallowed . In May , he was briefly sent to " 43a Squadriglia " for escorting their reconnaissance craft with his Nieuport 17 fighter . It would not be until 26 August that he won a shared confirmed victory . He received the Bronze Medal for Military Valor that same day . He scored his second victory on 14 September . After a double victory on 26 September , he was awarded a Silver Medal for Military Valor . After a fifth victory on 13 December , Imolesi ended 1917 as an ace . Imolesi was promoted to " Sergente " . He scored his sixth and final victory on 14 January 1918 , shared with Antonio Reali . In March , Imolesi would suffer serious injuries , though whether the cause was combat - related or accidental is uncertain . On 11 March 1918 , Attilio Imolesi died in the field hospital in Marostica .