naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Belize Defence Force The Belize Defence Force ( BDF ) is the military of Belize , and is responsible for protecting the sovereignty of the country . The BDF , National Coast Guard , and the Immigration Department are under the Minister of Defence and Immigration , which is headed by the Hon . John Saldivar ; the BDF itself is commanded by Brigadier General David Jones . In 2005 , the Belizean government spent $ 1 . 2 million on the military , constituting 1 . 87 % of the country ' s gross domestic product ( GDP ) . History . The military of Belize dates back to 1817 , when the Prince Regent Royal Honduras Militia , a volunteer organization , was founded ; this militia became the Belize Volunteer Guard of the British Territorial Army . The BDF was founded in 1978 following the disbanding of the Belize Volunteer Guard and the Police Special Force the year before . After Belize achieved independence in 1981 the United Kingdom maintained a deterrent force ( British Forces Belize ) in the country to protect it from invasion by Guatemala ( see Guatemalan claim to Belizean territory ) . During the 1980s this included a battalion and No . 1417 Flight RAF of Harriers . The main British force left in 1994 , three years after Guatemala recognised Belizean independence , but the United Kingdom maintained a training presence via the British Army Training and Support Unit Belize ( BATSUB ) and 25 Flight Army Air Corps until 2011 when the last British Forces left Ladyville Barracks , with the exception of seconded advisers . The BDF Maritime Wing became part of the Belizean Coastguard in November 2005 . Organization . The BDF consists of : The Belize Police Department is staffed by 1200 sworn officers and 700 civilian staff ( 2008 ) . The Belize Police Department and National Forensic Science Service report to the Minister of National Security . As of 2012 , there are also 40 British Army personnel stationed in Belize .
Hartshill Castle Hartshill Castle was a castle in the village of Hartshill on the outskirts of Nuneaton , Warwickshire ( ) . It was built as a motte and bailey castle in the 12th century by Hugh de Hardreshull in 1125 . Robert de Hartshill was killed alongside Simon de Montford in the Battle of Evesham in 1265 and the castle fell into disuse . In 1330 , it was rebuilt by John de Hardreshull . In Tudor times a timber framed Manor House was built into the corner . Now all that remains of it is a chimney . The earthworks of the castle and remains of the house are still present . The site is privately owned . In Tudor times before the battle of bosworth , King Henry VII stayed . a war broke out at the castle ruining it to disrepair . No other place in Warwickshire has such evidence of continuous habitation since earliest times as this Hartshill / Oldbury Ridge . Stone Age tribes lived here in 10 , 000 B . C . They were Normads , not traveling far , but wandering , always returning to this area for flints which they needed for tools and weapons . They found them in the boulder clay at the foot of Hartshill Ridge , near the River Anker . Remains of Stone age Flints and bones of Red Deer and Woolly Rhinoceroses have been found in sand and gravel near to the river at Witherly . So over centuries Stone Age , Bronze Age , Romans , Saxons , Danes and Normans all stamped a way of life on this area . In the Domesday survey of 1086 Hartshill is known as Ardreshill . Thirteen families lived here at a time when tracks through the forest were deep and difficult to find . Hugh De Hardreshill Was given the manor in 1125 . It was he who built the first defensive system : a motte and Bailey , [ a mound and enclosed yard , ] here on this castle site , over looking Athestone . The walls were made of wood and on top of the motte was a wooden tower which was home to the Lord of the Manor and his family , as well as being a look ~ out post . The first stone building at the castle was the chapel , built in the 13th century . Little of this remains above the ground . A hundred years later the wooden walls of the Bailey were replaced by Granite walls 4 feet thick and 15 feet high , pierced with cross loops in sandstone . A section of water filled moat remains on the west side . The north door survives and there are traces of the west door but no indication above ground of the main entrance which would have been on the south side . One is tempted that there would have been a tower in the south ~ west corner . A later Tudor house was built into the north ~ east corner about 1560 but of this only the south ~ east chimney stack remains with its timber frame and mud and wattle walls , was demolished in the 1950s .
Sean MacFarland Major General Sean MacFarland ( born 1959 ) is a two - star general in the United States Army . He commanded forces during the Iraq War and the Battle of Ramadi in 2006 . He is the former Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations for the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan . Major General Sean MacFarland is currently the Commanding General of Fort Bliss and the 1st Armored Division .
USS Phantom ( AM - 273 ) USS " Phantom " ( AM - 273 ) was an Admirable - class minesweeper built for the U . S . Navy during World War II . She was built to clear minefields in offshore waters , and served the Navy in the Atlantic Ocean and then was transferred to the North Pacific Ocean where she was transferred to the Chinese Navy as part of the lend lease program . Her American crew members returned home with the satisfaction that they had won three battle stars during the war . " Phantom " was laid down by the Gulf Shipbuilding Co . , Chickasaw , Alabama , 1 February 1943 , launched 25 July 1943 and commissioned 17 May 1944 , Lt . Lawrence Dana , USNR , in command . World War II Atlantic operations . After shakedown she reported to ComServLant for duty 8 July 1944 , and operated out of Norfolk , Virginia , on minesweeping and escort duties along the U . S . East Coast and off Bermuda for the balance of the year . In January 1945 she arrived off McNabs Island Nova Scotia , escorting USS Pontiac ( AF - 20 ) then stood by as Pontiac was beached in a sinking condition . Transfer to the Pacific Fleet . After further operations along the east coast from Boston , Massachusetts , to Jacksonville , Florida , she transited the Panama Canal 9 April 1945 , and reached Pearl Harbor 4 May . Continuing on , she arrived at Okinawa 26 June and for the rest of the war swept mines off that hard - fought for island . In September she moved to Japan for minesweeping operations and in December shifted to the waters off the China coast . In January 1946 she got underway for the United States , arrived at San Diego , California , 18 February and in July headed west again . On 14 September she arrived at Subic Bay and reported for inactivation . Transferred to the Chinese Navy . Decommissioning 10 October 1946 , she was kept in reserve until transferred to the Nationalist Chinese Navy 15 June 1948 . Struck from the U . S . Navy List 13 July 1948 , she served as " Yung Ming " until October 1949 when she was decommissioned and struck from the Nationalist Chinese Navy List . In July 1951 her hulk was sold for scrap . Awards . " Phantom " earned 3 battle stars for World War II service .
Hans Tappenbeck Hans Tappenbeck ( born January 14 , 1861 Wolsier ( today part of Havelaue ) , Western Havelland , Germany ; † July 26 , 1889 in Douala , Cameroon ) was a German officer and explorer of Africa . Life . Tappenbeck was born as son of a " Domänenpächter " ( tenant of an estate ) and " Oberamtmann " ( senior bailiff ) . He attended the " Louisenstädtische Gymnasium " in Berlin and the Cadet Corps in Kulm ( Chełmno ) . He entered the 4th Westphalian Infantry Regiment No 17 as " Portepee - Fähnrich " ( ensign with sword - knot ) . In 1880 he received his officer ' s commission . Between 1884 and 1886 Tappenbeck explored the Congo region . In 1887 he was commissioned jointly with Richard Kund for the exploration of the back - country of Cameroon . His first advance was in November 1887 , via Bipindi to the Nyong River until over the Sanaga River . Military important was primarily the conquest by force of Wataré , a sub - center of the Vute tribe . In a second expedition together with Kund he founded in the territory of the Ewondo the station " Jaunde " , from that the present capital of Cameroon Yaoundé emerged . The station was used primarily for scientific research , exploration of the flora and fauna in terms of economic exploitation , and as a base for further geographical expeditions . E . g . , from this base Tappenbeck advanced as first Europeaon to the residence of Ngrang Gomtsé in Ndumba , the at that time most influential reign of the Vutes . With the foundation of Junda , that he – contrary to the instructions he had received from the Foreign Office – made significantly nearer to central Cameroon than planned , he quasi prepared an effective occupation of the back - country . On the march returning to the coast , Tappenbeck died of malaria .
INS Vela ( S40 ) INS " Vela " ( S40 ) was the lead ship of her class of diesel - electric submarine s of the Indian Navy . She was on active service between 1973 - 2010 . " INS Vela " will be preserved as a museum ship in Tamil Nadu .
Battle of Claremore Mound The Battle of Claremore Mound , also known as the Battle of the Strawberry Moon or the Claremore Mound Massacre , was one of the chief battles of the war between the Osage and Cherokee Indians . It occurred in October 1817 when a band of Cherokees and their allies under Chief Spring Frog ( Too - an - tuh ) attacked Pasuga , an Osage village at the foot of Claremore Mound ( in present - day Oklahoma ) . During the two - day battle , the Cherokees killed or captured every member of Chief Clermont ' s band and destroyed everything they could not carry away . Historians consider it one of the bloodiest Native American massacres in modern history . The aggressors . In January 1817 the Arkansas Cherokee began planning a retaliatory attack against the Osage and began petitioning their relatives from the east to aid them in a battle against the Osage . In July of the same year the Cherokee warned William Clark , the governor of the Missouri Territory , of the impending attack . They wrote : " they [ the Osage ] have stolen all our best horses , and have reduced us to work with our naked hands . [ W } ith the few horses we have left , we intend to go to the Osages and hunt for those horses taken ; we are going to do mischief . " The aftermath . The warriors of the Osage people , including Gahige , Akida and Nonhonzhinga , had been out on the hunt when their town was decimated . In an attempt to maintain peace with the U . S . government they chose not to retaliate immediately . The Osage that were taken captive were sold to the eastern Cherokee for payment for their contributions in the battle . In December of the same year the United States started constructing Fort Smith between the Cherokee and Osage settlements and the following summer the Osage were forced by the U . S . to cede more land to the Cherokees that were settling in the area because of the apparent Cherokee victory at the Battle of Claremore Mound .
De Groene Draeck De Groene Draeck ( English : " The Green Dragon " ) is a royal yacht of Beatrix of the Netherlands . It was named after the flagship of Piet Hein , a famous 17th century Dutch admiral . De Groene Draeck is a traditional Dutch round bottomed sailing ship , built in 1957 in Amsterdam . She was offered by the Dutch people to the then Princess Beatrix for her 18th birthday . Her sail number is therefore VA 18 . The ship is maintained by the state . In the last few years there has been debate , even at the level of government , about the cost of maintaining the ship . The ship is regularly used by the Royal Family for sailing . The ship is usually moored in Muiden .
French ship Caton ( 1777 ) Caton was a 64 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy , launched in 1777 . She was captured by the Royal Navy at the Battle of the Mona Passage on 19 April 1782 , and commissioned as the third rate HMS " Caton " . She was placed on harbour service in 1798 , and sold out of the service in 1815 .
Vexillarius Vexillarius can mean one of three things : First , a vexillarius or vexillifer was one of the " signiferi " in a Roman legion . His duty was to carry the vexillum , a military standard displaying the name and emblem of the legion . This standard consisted of a woven fabric banner , hung on a crossbar attached to a pole or lance . It was used by both infantry and cavalry . It could designate a vexillation ( Latin : " vexillatio " ) , a detachment from a larger unit , though it was most likely also a standard for regular complete or component units ( such as legions , cohorts , " alae " ) . Secondly , vexillarius may also refer to a specially re - enlisted veteran . These soldiers were so named because they served in a company ( " vexillatio " ) under their own vexillum standard within the legion , separate from the ordinary legionaries in the cohorts of that same legion . They had privileged status and were exempt from most basic duties other than combat or those other special skills they may have supplied . Thirdly , vexillarius might have referred to any soldier serving in a temporary detachment or vexillation , away from the parent unit .
Sir Robert Chapman , 1st Baronet Colonel Sir Robert Chapman , 1st Baronet CB , CMG , CBE , DSO , DL ( 3 March 1880 – 31 July 1963 ) was a British soldier and Conservative Party politician . Chapman was the son of Henry Chapman and Dora Gibson . He was elected at the 1931 general election as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the Houghton - le - Spring constituency in County Durham . It was usually a safe seat for the Labour , but was fell to the Conservatives as one of their many gains that year , when Labour split over budgetary policy and Ramsay MacDonald formed a National Government . Chapman was defeated by the Labour candidate at the 1935 general election , and did not stand for Parliament again . He was High Sheriff of Durham in 1940 . In 1958 he was created a baronet , of Cleadon in the County of Durham . Chapman married Hélène Paris , daughter of James George MacGowan , in 1909 . He died in July 1963 , aged 83 , and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son Robert . Chapman was commissioned into the 3rd Durham Royal Garrison Artillery , although his unit later transferred to the Royal Field Artillery ( Territorial Force ) . He served in the First World War , reaching the rank of Lieutenant - Colonel and being awarded the Distinguished Service Order and appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George .
Jan Arp Lieutenant - General Jan Arp is a senior officer in the Canadian Forces . Appointed in January 2007 , he is Chief of Staff at NATO ' s Headquarters Supreme Allied Command Transformation . Military career . Lieutenant - General Jan Arp originally enrolled in the Canadian Forces as an Artillery Officer , after completing his undergraduate education at a civilian university , the University of Waterloo . Over the period 1976 to 1986 , Lieutenant - General Arp served in three regiments of the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery , namely the 1st Regiment in Lahr , Germany , the 2nd Regiment in Petawawa , Ontario , and the 3rd Regiment in Shilo , Manitoba . During this period , he filled virtually all Regimental staff and command appointments up to and including Battery Commander . Subsequently , he commanded the 1st Regiment of the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery in Lahr , Germany , from 1989 to 1991 . Lieutenant - General Arp has served in a variety of staff positions in Land Requirements and in Personnel as a Major , Lieutenant - Colonel and Colonel in National Defence Headquarters ( NDHQ ) from 1986 – 89 and 1991 - 97 . During the latter period he also served for one year as the Commander Canadian Contingent as well as the Deputy Chief of Staff of Operations for the United Nations Assistance Mission in Rwanda from 1994 to 1995 . Upon promotion to Brigadier - General in December 1997 he was appointed as the Commandant of the Canadian Land Force Command and Staff College , Kingston , Ontario . He assumed command of the Land Force Doctrine and Training System on its formation in July 1999 , and was promoted to Major - General while in command . In March 2003 , he took up the position of Chief of Staff ( Human Resources – Military ) at NDHQ . He became the Commander Canadian Defence Liaison Staff ( Washington ) and Canadian Defence Attaché in the Canadian Embassy to the United States of America in July 2005 . In January 2007 , Lieutenant - General Arp was promoted to his current rank and appointed Chief of Staff , NATO ' s Headquarters Supreme Allied Command Transformation in Norfolk , Virginia . In addition to his Bachelors of Science from the University of Waterloo , he has a Masters of Public Policy and Administration from Queen ' s University .
13 May 1945 German deserter execution The 13 May 1945 German deserter execution occurred five days after the capitulation of Adolf Hitler ' s Wehrmacht , when a German court martial delivered a death sentence on each of two deserter s of the German Navy , Bruno Dorfer and Rainer Beck . The trial occurred in an abandoned Ford Motor Company assembly plant outside Amsterdam , which was a Canadian - run prisoner - of - war camp . A German firing squad provided with captured German rifle s and a three - ton truck from the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada and escorted by Canadian Captain Robert K . Swinton carried out the sentence .
Confederate Monument in Perryville The Confederate Monument in Perryville is a historic monument located by the visitor center of the Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site , in the vicinity of Perryville , Kentucky , in Boyle County , Kentucky , USA . It was built in 1902 , forty years after the Battle of Perryville , the bloodiest battle in Kentucky history , on October 8 , 1862 . In total , 532 Confederates died at the battle , but it is unknown how many of this number are buried here . A small cemetery is by the monument ; local farmers had to bury the Confederate dead as the Confederate Army , although victorious in the battle , had to leave Perryville quickly , and hog s were beginning to feast on the soldiers ' remains . The monument features a tall limestone Confederate soldier atop a three - tier limestone pedestal base . It was constructed by the Peter - Burghard Statue Company of Louisville , Kentucky . Names of fourteen Confederate dead are on the monument , as is a passage from the " Bivouac of the Dead " . It also notes that 470 unknown dead Confederates are buried nearby . The total boundary area for the National Register entry concerning the Confederate Monument is a radius surrounding the monument . The monument was built for the 40th anniversary of the Battle of Perryville by the government of Kentucky . When dedicated , a crowd of 5 , 000 to 10 , 000 attended the ceremony on October 8 , 1902 , according to the October 10 , 1902 , edition of the " Danville News " . On July 17 , 1997 , the Confederate Monument in Perryville was one of sixty different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places , as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission . Three other monuments on this Multiple Property Submission are also in Boyle County . One of them , the Union Monument in Perryville , is also by the visitor center of the Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site , a few yards north of the Confederate Monument . The Unknown Confederate Dead Monument in Perryville is a mile away on private land at the Goodknight Cemetery . Both of the preceding monuments were built much later , both in or around 1928 ; twenty - six years later . The other is in downtown Danville , Kentucky : the Confederate Monument in Danville .
Piotr Wilniewczyc Piotr Wilniewczyc ( 1887 - 1960 ) was a Polish engineer and arms designer . Among his most successful designs were the Vis - 35 pistol , commonly known as the Radom for the arsenal in which it was produced , and the Mors submachine gun . Biography . Piotr Wilniewczyc was born 31 January 1887 near Irkutsk in Siberia . He grew up in Vilna ( now Vilnius , Lithuania ) . In 1905 he moved to Saint Petersburg , Russia , and studied at the University of St . Petersburg institute of mathematics and physics . He continued his studies in the Lwów Polytechnic department of chemistry . In 1915 Wilniewczyc also graduated from artillery school in St . Petersburg . In 1921 he accepted employment at the Boryszew Gunpowder Factory near Sochaczew , Poland . From 1924 to 1928 , Wilniewczyc also lectured at the Artillery Officers ' School in Toruń . In 1928 he began work as director of the ballistics department at the State Arms Factories ( " Państwowe Wytwórnie Uzbrojenia " ) , holding this post until war broke out in September 1939 . His most successful project was the Vis - 35 pistol , a standard Polish prewar military pistol . He also designed the Mors submachine gun , which did not enter production due to the outbreak of war . After the war , he directed a team that designed the Rak wz . 63 submachine gun , completed after his death . During the war , Wilniewczyc worked with the Home Army in Warsaw , developing a silencer for the Sten gun . After the Warsaw Uprising he moved to Łódź and soon began lecturing at the Łódź Polytechnic . From 1948 he also worked at the reopened Warsaw Polytechnic . Wilniewczyc died on 23 December 1960 and was interred at Warsaw ' s Powązki Cemetery .
Battle of Alexandria ( 30 BC ) The Battle of Alexandria was fought on July 31 , 30 BC between the forces of Octavian and Mark Antony during the Final War of the Roman Republic . Although Antony ' s side was plagued by desertions , he still managed to narrowly win the battle . The desertions continued , however , and , in early August , Octavian launched a second , ultimately successful , invasion of Egypt . Octavian ' s Second Attack . Octavian launched his second assault by land from east and west years apart , causing the city to fall without much of a fight . Antony committed suicide following the desertion of his fleet , as did Cleopatra nine days after the battle . Octavian had Caesarion , Cleopatra ' s son by Julius Caesar , executed . Octavian recognized the value of holding Egypt and had the kingdom annexed as a Roman province . Following the annexation of the kingdom , all Roman officials sent to Egypt were from the equites class , and no senator could visit Egypt without direct permission from Octavian .
SM UB - 116 SM " UB - 116 " was a German Type UB III submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 24 May 1918 as SM " UB - 116 " . " UB - 116 " was sunk a remote - controlled mine at off Orkney while making an attempt to enter Scapa Flow in order to attack units of the British Grand Fleet as part of final German Naval offensive of the war . Construction . She was built by Blohm & Voss of Hamburg and following just under a year of construction , launched at Hamburg on 4 November 1917 . " UB - 116 " was commissioned in the spring the next year . Like all Type UB III submarines , " UB - 116 " carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a deck gun . " UB - 116 " would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of . " UB - 116 " had a displacement of while surfaced and when submerged . Her engines enabled her to travel at when surfaced and when submerged .